Once upon a time there was a magical island named Corfu... Once a favoured retreat for golden-era jetsetters and royalty, like Empress Sissi. Now, an island hideaway on the most exclusive peninsula of Corfu.
Corfu's natural beauty lies in a richness of velvet green cypress trees; silver olive groves and mountainous skylines that plunge into the bluest of waters. Italianate architecture, golden beaches, enchanting nightlife, and fine cuisine all play their part in attracting visitors from all over the world. With a welcome as warm as the sun, the renowned Greek reputation for hospitality makes any visitor, young or old, feel more than at home.
Corfu Town itself is a contrasting combination of old and new that exist side by side in perfect harmony offering something for every taste. An abundance of sandy and pebbled beaches line the 200 km coastline, as does the clear blue water, ideal for swimming and water sports. Exploration of the island rewards visitors with some of the most spectacular scenery and breathtaking views. A trip into the heart of the islands villages offers insight into the traditional Corfiot village life. In some places, time seems to have stood still and everyday life carries on much as it had for hundreds of years.
Although the island is constantly developing to cater to the demands of today's tourist, Corfu continues to retain its beauty and charm. The majority of the island remains largely unspoiled by mass tourism and remains as captivating as it has for centuries. Whether you are looking for the hustle and bustle of nightlife, or peace and tranquility, everything you could need is here just waiting to be discovered.
Book your room online and enjoy private tour of Corfu Highlights, private airport transfers & reductions on meal plans!
Danilia a unique replica of a traditional Corfiot village, the perfect setting for your next celebration.
An island to explore, fall in love with, and return to time again. There is no other place on earth that would be so full of beauty and its variations.
Complimentary shuttle bus service to Corfu Town 4 times per day (pre-booking necessary, limited number of seats available).
5. Turn right after the traffic light, following the sign to Corfu Imperial.
4. Turn right after the traffic light, following the sign to Corfu Imperial.


English, Fanita: (1973) "Transactional Analysis and Script Analysis Today" in - Psychology Today, April 1973 p.10 ff.
Herunterladbar als PDF-Datei (ca. 375 KB) über http://www.systemische-professionalitaet.de/service/schriften/IV-portraits/.


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Posted on Thursday, June 12th, 2014 at 5:17 am.
A personal assistant can become an indispensable part of the company by developing work etiquette.
If you are looking for a training course for personal assistants, consider joining Advanced Skills for Administrative and Executive Assistants by pdtraining offered in Baltimore and other cities in the U.S.
There are various tasks a personal assistant needs to carry out during the day. Along with successfully conducting tasks, a personal assistant must also follow work etiquette to become an important asset to the company.
There are requirements that a boss expresses and there are minor adjustments that the boss might not spell out, but that are important for establishing a good working relationship. As every person has certain preferences, adjusting your work pattern and behavior according to the work preferences and personality of your boss will help you to smoothly carry out tasks and develop a good rapport with your boss.
If your boss prefers handling tasks one at a time, for instance, you must remember to discuss one task at a time. On the other hand, if your boss prefers not to be disturbed many times during the day, you may list tasks that need to be discussed with your boss and discuss them together. You will need to first identify your boss' preferences and then make small adjustments to build rapport.
Nobody can claim to be perfect. If you make a mistake and your boss points it out, accept it and promise to make corrections. Accepting mistakes takes courage and shows that you are a wise and intelligent person. Conversely, a person that puts the blame of his/her mistakes on others or denies it reveals a self-righteousness and arrogant attitude. Your humility in accepting your mistakes and learning from them will help you to grow as a professional and a person, and build a good reputation at work.
You must tell yourself the truth about your strengths and weaknesses, and then work to use your strengths and overcome your weaknesses. Be honest with your boss about how much you can perform and what tasks you find difficult to fulfill. If you need help, it is best to ask for it.
While being honest with yourself and others, do not become complacent. Try to improve yourself by undertaking difficult tasks. When you fulfill the challenges, you will feel better about yourself.
It is important for you to know exactly what information is confidential and what can be shared. Make sure that you keep the confidential information safe and never share it without permission. Never share private company information over emails, as it can easily be forwarded or shared. Avoid talking about your job in detail with others, as it can lead to an unintentional revelation of company information. Dispose of important documents carefully after they are no longer needed. Any information about individuals or the company can be used for financial thefts and/or other damages.
All public Advanced Skills for Administrative and Executive Assistants courses include am/pm tea, lunch, printed courseware and a certificate of completion. Customized courses are available upon request, so please contact pdtraining on 855 334 6700 to learn more.


Thors hammer Mjölner in an updated design, a version for the 21st century.
The viking god used his hammer to make thunder and had the ability to shrink in size so it could be worn as a pendant. Only one who is worthy can use it.


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Home » IFTTT » UPROXX » YG Joins The Cast Of Upcoming Period Drama 'Tuscaloosa' As A Civil Rights Leader
YG Joins The Cast Of Upcoming Period Drama 'Tuscaloosa' As A Civil Rights Leader
YG will time-travel back to 1972 to show off his acting chops in a new film named after and based on the W. Glasgow Phillips novel Tuscaloosa, according to a report from Deadline. The Compton rapper has been cast in a role as a civil rights activist and Vietnam war veteran who "tangles with the Tuscaloosa police in 1972," in what is described as a "coming-of-age story set in the summer of 1972 in Tuscaloosa, Alabama."
The main plot of Tuscaloosa focuses on "Billy Mitchell, a disaffected son of Tuscaloosa's white middle class who must choose a path forward as ties of family, class, race and love make competing claims on his loyalty." In the novel, Billy falls in love with an inmate with multiple personalities at his father's mental institution. The film will be directed and written by Philip Harder, a music video director perhaps best-known for his work with alt-rock acts like Barenaked Ladies, The Afghan Whigs, Low, and Rob Thomas.
YG, meanwhile, is preparing for the release of his new album, 4Real 4Real, after multiple delays caused by the death of Nipsey Hussle. It'll precede his final album under his Def Jam contract, as well as one of the first albums he made without being affected by a dramatic life upheaval during its recording process.
from UPROXX http://bit.ly/2YxmaMM

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home / Daily Dose / The Most Prosperous City in America Is …
The Most Prosperous City in America Is …
in Daily Dose, Featured, Market Studies, News May 21, 2018	5,034 Views
Picking the most prosperous city in America is a weighty task. What factors should be considered, and how should each be weighted against the others? However you arrange the calculations, there's a good chance you wouldn't have settled on Odessa, Texas, as the most prosperous city in the nation, but that's exactly what a new study by RENTCafe has determined.
First, a bit of methodology. RENTCafe began by narrowing things down to cities with populations exceeding 100,000. From there, RENTCafe examined U.S. Census data between 2000-2016, examining the evolution of six indicators during that time, including population, median income, home values, share of inhabitants holding a higher education degree, poverty rate and unemployment rate. From there, RENTCafe compiled a "prosperity ranking" that is "based on the combined value of the individual ranks obtained in these six fields."
So, how did Odessa—the 28th most populous city in Texas, as of 2015 and 2016 census data—land atop the pile? Well, it may lag far behind larger cities in terms of population, but that population has grown by 25 percent during the 2000-2016 window examined by RENTCafe. During that same period, Odessa experienced income growth of 38 percent, home value increase of 91 percent, and a 26 percent increase in the share of its population who hold a bachelor's degree or higher. Odessa has also seen a pair of important decreases—the poverty rate has dropped by 36 percent and unemployment has decreased by 24 percent. RENTCafe also points out that U.S. crude oil production also spiked by 50 percent during that window of time, likely helping to explain why a west Texas oil town like Odessa has been booming.
Filling out the rest of RENTCafe's top 10 most prosperous U.S. cities are, in order, Washington, D.C.; Charleston, South Carolina; Fontana, California; North Charleston, South Carolina; Jersey City, New Jersey; Pearland, Texas; Miami, Florida; Brownsville, Texas; and Midland, Texas.
Texas was particularly well represented on the list, with six of the top 20 cities on the list located within the Lone Star State. That puts it one ahead of California.
Eleven cities in the study showed positive change across all six of RENTCafe's prosperity indicators: Odessa, Texas; Washington, D.C.; Charleston, South Carolina; Brownsville, Texas; Midland, Texas; New York, New York; Los Angeles, California; Billings, Montana; Long Beach, California; Atlanta, Georgia; and Corpus Christi, Texas.
Education Home Values Income Growth most prosperous cities Population Growth poverty rate RENTCafe Unemployment Rate	2018-05-21
David Wharton
Tagged with: Education Home Values Income Growth most prosperous cities Population Growth poverty rate RENTCafe Unemployment Rate
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About Author: David Wharton
David Wharton, Editor-in-Chief at the Five Star Institute, is a graduate of the University of Texas at Arlington, where he received his B.A. in English and minored in Journalism. Wharton has over 17 years' experience in journalism and previously worked at Thomson Reuters, a multinational mass media and information firm, as Associate Content Editor, focusing on producing media content related to tax and accounting principles and government rules and regulations for accounting professionals. Wharton has an extensive and diversified portfolio of freelance material, with published contributions in both online and print media publications. Wharton and his family currently reside in Arlington, Texas. He can be reached at David.Wharton@thefivestar.com.
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Patrick / produced by Vanessa Davies, Paul de Vos, Sue Latimer, James Spring ; written by Vanessa Davies, Mandie Fletcher, Paul de Vos ; directed by Mandie Fletcher.
Fletcher, Mandie, (screenwriter,, director.). Skrein, Ed, 1983- (actor.). Edmondson, Belinda, (actor.). Saunders, Jennifer, (actor.). Ed Skrein, Beattie Edmondson, Jennifer Saunders, Tom Bennett, Emily Atack. (Cast).
1 of 12 copies available at Evergreen Indiana.
Ed Skrein, Beattie Edmondson, Jennifer Saunders, Tom Bennett, Emily Atack.
A young woman inherits her late grandmother's spoiled pug named Patrick.
Subject: Young women > Drama.


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Tours & Itineraries tours Russia > Leningrad (federal subject) > St. Petersburg
Modes Of Exploration: 8 Best Day Trips From St. Petersburg - Updated 2022
Known as "the most European" part of Russia, this culture centre is the second largest city after Moscow. Situated on 42 Islands by the Neva River, Saint Petersburg is also known as the "Venice of the North", with boating urban canals being one of the popular activities for locals and tourists alike. Due to the 72 hour visa-free from cruise or ferry, it is more attractive for visitors to explore this Russian port by the Baltic Sea. With extensive art, majestic architectures, fascinating nightlife, historical culture and deep traditions, Saint Petersburg amazingly turns out to be a place for anyone to enjoy. Here are 8 tours by different modes of transportation to discover St. Petersburg.
Where To Stay In St. Petersburg: Cheap Hotels & Vacation Rentals
Top 10 Things To Do In St. Petersburg, Russia
Top 15 Airbnbs In Saint Petersburg, Russia - Updated 2022
1. See the city from above with a rooftop tour
Many locals enjoy "rooftopping" along the rooftops in Saint Petersburg. Since the roofs usually are around the same height, you can go from one place to another on the roof instead of on the streets! Challenge your fear of heights as you enjoy a bird's eye view over the rooftops in the historical part of the city. Gather in a small group and go towards the unusual viewing points. Bring out the adventurous nature in you and wear comfortable shoes as the rooftops slope slightly, but it is safe as there are fences along the edge. A unique and exciting way to explore the city!
The Rooftop Tour in St. Petersburg
Address: Nevsky Prospekt
2. A convenient hop-on, hop-off tour (from USD 15.86)
Saint Isaac's Cathedral in SPB
Here is a fun one; a hop-on-hop-off bus where you can choose between a one or two-day ticket tour and drop off at attractions like St. Isaac's Cathedral, the Winter Palace, and the Summer Garden. This tour is available in 13 major languages and there are 19 different stops along the way. Climb up on the open top bus to get an amazing view of the city.
St. Petersburg: Hop-on Hop-off Bus Tour or Boat Tour
3. A cruise in the Venice of the North
AnichkovBridge
St. Petersburg - Canal Scene - Russia 01
Experience the Venice of the North with this cruise tour along Saint Petersburg's rivers. Climb aboard a boat and cruise past majestic churches. View the Field of Mars, Anichkov Bridge, St Isaac's Cathedral and the University of St Petersburg. Drive to the iconic Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood and explore the majestic marble interior. Retreat to a traditional Russian lunch and visit a local handicraft market at the end of the trip.
St Petersburg Shore Excursion
Address: St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Стильные апартаменты на Маршала Блюхера
Apartment near Saint-Isaac's Cathedral
Sankt-Peterburg, Russia
Luxurious 2 bed home right by Dvortsovaya Square
Great roomy flat, historical center, Isaac's cath.
Sankt-Peterburg, Saint Petersburg, Russia
4. A boat ride in St. Petersburg (from USD 195.0)
Spb 06-2012 Palace Embankment various 14
Enjoy this 8-hour private and customizable tour for you and your group according to your preference (art, history, etc). This tour includes a 1-hour boat ride along the river and a 2-hour tour of the Hermitage Museum. Hotel pickup and drop-off are also included. Visit sites like St. Nicolas Naval Cathedral, Kazan Cathedral, Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, and the St. Petersburg Metro Station. Midway, you can take a break and enjoy a Russian-style lunch and savor the history of this city.
St. Petersburg Private Tour with Hermitage Museum, Boat Ride
5. Metro stations tour (from USD 32.85)
Metro SPB Line1 Avtovo
One of the most beautiful and deepest metro systems in the world, the deepest station being Admiralty. Resembling palaces or lobbies of 5-star hotels, the columns are made of marble and decorated with mosaics, sculptures and stained glass. Featuring Soviet art and bas-reliefs of the events at Uprising Square, discover the city from below in the underground palaces for the people.
St. Petersburg Metro Stations 1.5-Hour Tour
Duration: 1.5 hour
6. Drive around the Imperial Residences (from USD 121.2)
Catherine Palace in Tsarskoe Selo
Drive around Tsarskoe Selo to the summer residences of the Romanov tsars. Enjoy a private tour of Pushkin & Pavlovsk, known as the tsar's place. Visit the Russian Baroque palace of Catherine the Great and the mysterious Amber Room, once a wonder of the world. With grand palaces and parks, Tsarskoe Selo holds deep historical roots and majestic architectures!
From St Petersburg: Pushkin & Catherine Palace Full-Day Trip
7. One day visa free exploration (from USD 115.0)
Храм Спаса на крови 7
Enjoy a visa-free day with pickup and drop-off to major grand locations in Saint Petersburg. Start your journey in the Hermitage Museum located in the Winter Palace which holds three million artworks from artist such as Da Vinci, Monet, Raphael, Rembrandt and more. Then head on to the iconic Church on Spilled Blood, upon the site where Alexander III was assassinated. Lastly, visit the Peterhof Palace Gardens, the "Russian Versailles". Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it was designed by Peter the Great in the early 1700s. Relish in the whole day without rush and get to truly explore the most majestic sites that Saint Petersburg has to offer.
1 Day Imperial Saint Petersburg Highlights Tour Visas Included
8. Walking tour (from USD 56.0)
Column of Alexander IpalacessqaureIMG 0732
One of the best ways to discover this city is by walking. Saint Petersburg comes to life on this small group tour, especially while hunting its architectural treasures. Meet your guide at the Palace Square, view the Winter Palace and observe The Bronze Horseman. Cross the Neva River and view the Palace Embankment. See the Hermitage Museum, the Chamber of Curiosities, St. Isaac's Cathedral, and the Admiralty. Continue to the town of Peter and past the Field of Mars and the Summer Gardens. Stroll along Nevsky Prospect and end your tour at a Russian Cafe for traditional dishes.
St. Petersburg Small Group or Private Walking City Tour
Different perspective in the Venice of the North
Get a glimpse of Saint Petersburg from different perspectives as each tour exposes you to a different side of this fascinating city. Majestic sights such as the Tsar's town, museums and churches lie within this imperial capital. The best time to go is during the warmer seasons from May to Sep, where the White Nights draw in visitors and twilight lasts the whole night. Go island hopping, climb upon the rooftops or travel along the smallest canals. Find yourself in an unexpected adventure in the cultural capital of Russia.
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Roselle is a 3D Artist originally from Singapore. She is currently living as a Digital Nomad in Bali with her Husband. She plans to continue her journeys to Thailand, Vietnam and more. She has been...Read more
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« And the Bikes Win!
We have seen a lot of articles about solar installations, and have published on a number of different kinds of installations. There is one we have not been saying much about, and it is time to rectify that. It is putting solar panels above areas where people park.
A 17.55 kW photovoltaic installed as a carport at Bill Maclay Architects office building in Waitsfield, VT. It was a final touch in a decade-long process of bringing the offices to net-zero.
The Minneapolis-St.PaulInternationalAirport is installing a three-megawatt array on its Terminal 1 parking building. The array will not occupy any land that is available for any other purpose. It will provide some shade for cars on the top level, but will not get in the way. A few problems with reflected glare getting into the eyes of pilots momentarily have been anticipated, but this is being remedied by adjusting the panels so they are not all aligned exactly the same way, and the slight misalignment will not alter efficiency appreciably.
We have also seen residential and business structures in New England getting solar systems on carports that also provide a place to park that is out of the weather. The advantage of combining land use for cars and solar power is increased by the fact that it is possible to use the panels as a weather shield for cars and people accessing them.
It is easy to see other places where solar can be used in combination with other uses, increasing the utility of land without reducing the use it currently has. The large parking lots (Park 'n Ride lots) used by towns, schools, factories, and large stores very often have no trees in them, meaning that they get full sun. Solar panels that allow parking beneath can shade the road surface while making carbon-free power. Another idea can be taken from the past when sidewalks were once roofed over for the comfort of pedestrians; perhaps this could be done again with solar roofs in some places. A number of colleges have already done this, as well. We have an abundance of opportunities. Perhaps we should use them.
G.E.T. is a free sustainable energy resource publication.
Click on the donate button or send a check to Green Energy Times, 1749 Wrights Mountain Road, Bradford, Vermont 05033. (Please write "gift" in the memo section). Thank you for your support!


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Poffertjes () are a traditional Dutch batter treat. Resembling small, fluffy pancakes, they are made with yeast and buckwheat flour. Typically, poffertjes are a sweet treat, served with powdered sugar and butter, and sometimes syrup or advocaat. However, there is also a savoury variant with gouda cheese.

History
Poffertjes, also known as 'brothers', originated from a Catholic tradition.
In the churches in the south of the Netherlands, sacramental host was eaten during the communion ceremony. Because the host was very dry, the brothers started experimenting with different recipes. From these culinary experiments the poffertjes that we know today have emerged. The south of present-day Netherlands was traditionally Catholic, so the traditions deviated from the Protestant north. Because the host was part of a Catholic tradition, it is suspected that the poffertjes were created in the provinces of Limburg or North Brabant.

Servings
Poffertjes are a festive holiday treat in the Netherlands, popular at both summer festivals and Christmas markets. Mainly in the winter season temporary stands selling poffertjes are quite popular and sell portions containing one or two dozen. Usually the cook prepares them fresh for the customer. They are sold on a small cardboard (sometimes plastic) plate and come with a small disposable fork the size of a pastry fork. Poffertjes are not difficult to prepare, but a special cast iron pan or copper pan (also available in aluminium with Teflon coating) with several shallow indentations in the bottom is required.

Almost all Dutch supermarkets (like Albert Heijn, Lidl and Jumbo) sell ready-made poffertjes that only need to be microwaved, and are sold complete with a sachet of powdered sugar and a small serving of butter. Supermarkets also stock mixes for poffertjes, to which only eggs and milk need to be added. Usually they contain a leavening agent such as baking powder.

Poffertjes can also be served with other sweet garnishes, such as syrup, whipped cream or strawberries, for added flavour.

Poffertjes are also known in Indonesian cuisine through its historical ties as the former Dutch colony. Poffertjes are also regularly found on German Christmas markets.

Similar dishes
Poffertjes are thought to be related to and to have influenced the Indonesian kue cubit. Poffertjes have some similarities with Indian paniyaram and Hong Kong egg waffles, but differ in many aspects.  The Danish Æbleskiver pancakes are quite similar.

See also

 , a similar Hong Kong dish
 , a similar dish from the south of India that comes in sweet and savory varieties
 , a similar dish utilizing coconuts found in Thailand and Indonesia.
 , a similar savory Japanese dish filled with diced octopus

References

External links

The Dutch Table - Poffertjes

Dutch pastries
Dutch words and phrases
Indonesian snack foods
Pancakes
Snack foods
Buckwheat dishes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Articles with Turkish-language external links, Articles with Russian-language external links, Articles containing Azerbaijani-language text,
Articles containing Turkish-language text
Genocide claims
Khojaly Massacre
Conflicts in 1992
Nagorno-Karabakh War
War crimes in Azerbaijan
Massacres in Azerbaijan
Mass murder in 1992
1992 in Azerbaijan
Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
Khojaly Massacre Memorial in The Hague, Netherlands.
Khojaly, Azerbaijan
disputed with the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
February 25–26, 1992
Azerbaijani residents
Attack type
161+ (Human Rights Watch)[1]
613 (Azerbaijan)
Irregular Armenian forces
Russian 366th Motor Rifle Regiment
The Khojaly massacre was the killing[2] of hundreds of ethnic Azerbaijani civilians[3] from the town of Khojaly on 25–26 February 1992 by the Armenian and, partially, by CIS armed forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh War. According to the Azerbaijani side, as well as Memorial Human Rights Center, Human Rights Watch and other international observers,[4][5] the massacre was committed by the ethnic Armenian armed forces, reportedly with help of the Russian 366th Motor Rifle Regiment, apparently not acting on orders from the command.[6][7] The death toll provided by Azerbaijani authorities is 613 civilians, including 106 women and 83 children.[8] The event became the largest massacre in the course of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.[9]
Western governments and the western media refer to it as the "Khojaly massacre" or "Khojaly tragedy". Azerbaijani sources[10][11] occasionally refer to the massacre as "Khojaly genocide" (Azerbaijani language: Xocalı soyqırımı, Turkish language: Hocalı soykırımı) and the "Khojaly tragedy" (Azerbaijani language: Xocalı faciəsi).[12]
Background Edit
Further information: Nagorno-Karabakh War
During the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, both Armenians and Azerbaijanis became victims of pogroms and ethnic cleansing, which resulted in numerous casualties and displacement of large groups of people.[2] By 1992 the conflict had escalated into a full-scale war. In February 1992 the capital of Karabakh Stepanakert was under a blockade and constant bombardment by Azerbaijani forces.[13]
The town of Khojaly was located on the road that connected Shusha and Stepanakert to Agdam and had the region's only airport. The airport was of vital importance for the survival of the population in Karabakh which had no land connection with the Republic of Armenia and was under a total blockade by Azerbaijan. According to reports from Human Rights Watch, Khojaly was used as a base for Azerbaijani forces shelling the city of Stepanakert. The indiscriminate shelling and sniper shooting killed or maimed hundreds of civilians, destroyed homes, hospitals and other objects that are not legitimate military targets, and generally terrorized the civilian population.[1][14][15] Khojaly itself was shelled by Armenian forces almost on a daily basis during the winter of 1991–1992, and people grew accustomed to spending nights in basements.[16] During the winter of 1992, Armenian forces went on the offensive, forcing almost the entire Azerbaijani population of the enclave to flee, and committing what HRW describes as "unconscionable acts of violence against civilians" as they fled.[1] In 1988 the town had 2,135 inhabitants. Due to the Nagorno-Karabakh War and the population exchanges between Armenia and Azerbaijan as well as Meskhetian Turk refugees leaving Central Asia and subsequently settling in the town, this number had grown to about 6,000 by 1991.[17][18]
In October 1991, the Nagorno Karabakh forces cut the road connecting Khojaly and Aghdam, so that the only way to reach the town was by a helicopter. The town was defended by local OMON forces under the command of Alif Hajiyev, which numbered about 160 or so lightly armed men.[2] Prior to the attack, the town had been without electricity and gas for several months.[19]
According to Memorial, from fall 1991 Khojaly was practically blockaded by the Armenian armed forces, and after the withdrawal of the Soviet Internal Troops from Karabakh the blockade became total. Some inhabitants left the blockaded town, but the full evacuation of the civilian population was not carried out, despite insistent demands of the head of executive power of Khojaly E.Mamedov.[20]
The massacre Edit
Ambulance cars carrying murdered Azerbaijanis in Khojaly.
According to Human Rights Watch, the tragedy struck when "a large column of residents, accompanied by a few dozen retreating fighters, fled the city as it fell to Armenian forces. As they approached the border with Azerbaijan, they came across an Armenian military post and were cruelly fired upon".[1][21][22]
According to Memorial, part of the population started to leave Khojaly soon after the assault began, trying to flee in the direction of Agdam, and there were armed people from the town's garrison among some of the fleeing groups. People left in two directions: (1) from the eastern side of the town in the north-east direction along the river, passing Askeran to their left (this specific route, according to Armenian officials, was provided as a "free corridor"); (2) from the northern side of the town in the north-east direction, passing Askeran to their right (it appears that a smaller number of refugees fled using this route). Thus, the majority of civilians left Khojaly, while around 200–300 people stayed in Khojaly, hiding in their houses and basements. As a result of the shelling of the town, an unascertained number of civilians were killed on the territory of Khojaly during the assault. The Armenian side practically refused to provide Memorial observers information about the number of people who so perished. The refugees in both groups were fired upon, as a result of which many of them were killed. Those who remained alive dispersed. Running refugees came across Armenian military posts and were fired upon. Some refugees managed to escape to Agdam, some, mainly women and children (the exact number is impossible to determine), froze to death while wandering around in mountains, some were captured near the villages of Nakhichevanik and Pirjamal.[20]
Helsinki Watch reported that "the militia, still in uniform, and some still carrying their guns, were interspersed with the masses of civilians" and according to eyewitness accounts there was shooting between Armenian and the Azerbaijani forces which were mixed with the civilians.[23] At the same time, Human Rights Watch and Memorial stated that the killing of civilians could not be justified under any circumstances. Human Rights Watch noted that "the attacking party [i.e., Karabakh Armenian forces] is still obliged to take precautionary measures to avoid or minimize civilian casualties. In particular, the party must suspend an attack if it becomes apparent that the attack may be expected to cause civilian casualties that are excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated. The circumstances surrounding the attack at Nakhichevanik on those fleeing Khojaly indicate that Armenian forces and the troops of the 366th CIS regiment (who were not apparently acting on orders from their commanders) deliberately disregarded this customary law restraint on attacks"[24][25] However, the obligation to protect the civilians was likewise breached by the Azerbaijani side. As stated by HRW report:
The parties may not use civilians to shield military targets from attack or to shield military operations including retreats. Thus a party that intersperses combatants with fleeing civilians puts those civilians at risk and violates its obligation to protect its own civilians.[26]
The Armenian side refers to Ayaz Mutalibov's interview to claim that the massacre had been committed not by Armenian soldiers but by Popular Front of Azerbaijan militants who allegedly shot their own civilians escaping through the corridor. In one of his interviews Mutalibov stated that the event was "organized" by his political opponents to force his resignation.[27][28]
As the survivors of Khojaly say, all this was organized to create a cause for my resignation. A certain power was working for discrediting the President. I don't think the Armenians, who are very accurate and who know very well how to behave in such situations, would have allowed the Azerbaijanis to obtain evidence from Khojaly, which would expose them in committing fascist acts… I assume that someone had a vested interest in showing these photos in the session of the Supreme Council and placing all the blame on me… However, the general background of arguments is, that a corridor by which the people could leave, was, nevertheless, left by Armenians. Why then would they begin to shoot?"[29][30]
In later interviews, however, Mutalibov would go on to condemn the Armenians, claiming that they blatantly misinterpreted his words.[31] He also denied ever accusing the Popular Front of Azerbaijan of having anything to do with these events saying that he only meant the PFA took advantage of the situation to focus the popular resentment on him. Mutalibov stated that after the massacre he called the speaker of the Supreme Soviet of NKAO Artur Mkrtchyan, and the latter assured him that the people of Khojaly were given a corridor to escape, and he only referred to Mkrtchyan's words, without making any assertions as to whether the corridor actually existed.[32][33]
The Armenian side officially asserts that the killings occurred as a result of wartime military operations, and were caused by the prevention of the evacuation of town inhabitants by Azerbaijani forces, who shot those who attempted to flee.[34] This explanation however is widely disputed, among others, the executive director of Human Rights Watch has stated that: "we place direct responsibility for the civilian deaths with Karabakh Armenian forces. Indeed, neither our report nor that of Memorial includes any evidence to support the argument that Azerbaijani forces obstructed the flight of, or fired on Azeri civilians".[24] British journalist Thomas de Waal noted that "the overwhelming evidence of what happened has not stopped some Armenians, in distasteful fashion, trying to muddy the waters".[35] However, De Waal has also stated that the tragedy in Khojaly was a result of a chaotic situation, and not a "deliberately planned" action by the Armenians.[36][37]
The Committee to Protect Journalists states that the Azerbaijani journalist Chingiz Mustafayev who recorded the bodies after Khojaly Massacre was killed very suspiciously while he was reportedly trying to gather information alleging that the Armenian attack on civilians in Khojaly was a provocation by the Azerbaijani National Front to force the resignation of Azerbaijani president Ayaz Mutalibov.[38] However according to his brother Vahid Mustafayev, Chingiz was fatally wounded while filming an exchange of fire between Azerbaijani and Armenian forces when a shell exploded right beside him and a splinter from the shell severed one of his major arteries.[39]
At the same time, some Armenian sources admitted the guilt of the Armenian side. According to Markar Melkonian, the brother of the Armenian military leader Monte Melkonian, "Khojaly had been a strategic goal, but it had also been an act of revenge." The date of the massacre in Khojaly had a special significance: it was the run-up to the fourth anniversary of the anti-Armenian pogrom in the city of Sumgait where the civilian Armenian population was brutally murdered solely because of their ethnic origin.[2] Melkonian particularly mentions the role of the fighters of two Armenian military detachments called the Arabo and Aramo, who stabbed to death many Azeri civilians.[40]
According to Serzh Sargsyan, long-time Defense Minister and Chairman of Security Council of Armenia who is the current president of Armenia, "A lot was exaggerated" in the casualties, and the fleeing Azerbaijanis had put up armed resistance. At the same time he stated: "Before Khojali, the Azerbaijanis thought that they were joking with us, they thought that the Armenians were people who could not raise their hand against the civilian population. We were able to break that [stereotype]. And that's what happened. And we should also take into account that amongst those boys were people who had fled from Baku and Sumgait. Although I think that is still very much exaggerated, very much. Azerbaijanis needed an excuse to equate a place to Sumgait, but they can not be compared. Yes, in fact, was in Khojaly civilians, but along with the civilians were soldiers. [W]hen a shell is flying through the air, it doesn't distinguish between a civilian resident and a soldier; it doesn't have eyes. If the civilian population stays there, even though there was a perfect opportunity to leave, that means that they also are taking part in military operations . . ."[2][41][42]
According to the Memorial,
Official representatives of the NKR and members of the Armenian armed forces explained the death of civilians in the zone of the 'free corridor' by the fact that there were armed people fleeing together with the refugees, who were firing at Armenian outposts, thus drawing return fire, as well as by an attempted breakthrough by the main Azerbaijani forces. According to members of the Armenian armed forces, the Azerbaijani forces attempted to battle through from Agdam in the direction of the 'free corridor'. At the moment when the Armenian outposts were fighting off this attack, the first groups of Khojaly refugees approached them from the rear. The armed people who were among the refugees began firing at the Armenian outposts. During the battle, one outpost was destroyed, but the fighters from another outpost, of whose existence the Azerbaijanis were unaware, opened fire from a close distance at the people coming from Khojaly. According to testimonies of Khojaly refugees (including those published in the press), the armed people inside the refugee column did exchange gunfire with Armenian outposts, but on each occasion the fire was opened first from the Armenian side.
The site of the mass killing of Khojaly inhabitants was filmed on videotape by Azerbaijani journalist Chingiz Mustafayev. He was accompanied by the Russian journalist Yuri Romanov during the first helicopter flight to the scene of the tragedy. Romanov described in his memoir how he looked out of the window of the helicopter and literally jumped back from an incredibly horrible view. The whole area up to the horizon was covered with dead bodies of women, elderly people and boys and girls of all ages, from newly born to teenagers. From the mass of bodies two figures caught his sight. An old woman with uncovered gray head was lying face down next to a small girl in a blue jacket. Their legs were tied with barbed wire, and the old woman's hands were tied as well. Both were shot in their heads, and the little girl in her last move was stretching out her hands to her dead grandmother. Shocked, Romanov even forgot about his camera, but after recovering from the shock started filming. However, the helicopter came under the fire, and they had to leave.[43]
Anatol Lieven wrote in The Times after visiting the site of the massacre: "Scattered amid the withered grass and bushes along a small valley and across the hillside beyond are the bodies of last Wednesday's massacre by Armenian forces of Azerbaijani refugees. ... Of the 31 we saw, only one policeman and two apparent national volunteers were wearing uniform. All the rest were civilians, including eight women and three small children. Two groups, apparently families, had fallen together, the children cradled in the women's arms. Several of them, including one small girl, had terrible head injuries: only her face was left. Survivors have told how they saw Armenians shooting them point blank as they lay on the ground."[44]
Helen Womack reported in The Independent: "The exact number of victims is still unclear, but there can be little doubt that Azeri civilians were massacred by Armenian fighters in the snowy mountains of Nagorny Karabakh last week. Refugees from the enclave town of Khojaly, sheltering in the Azeri border town of Agdam, give largely consistent accounts of how their enemies attacked their homes on the night of 25 February, chased those who fled and shot them in the surrounding forests. Yesterday I saw 75 freshly dug graves in one cemetery in addition to four mutilated corpses we were shown in the mosque when we arrived in Agdam late on Tuesday. I also saw women and children with bullet wounds, in a makeshift hospital in a string of railway carriages at the station",[45] "I have little doubt that on this occasion, two weeks ago, the Azeris were the victims of Armenian brutality. In the past it has been the other way round"[46]
Another Russian journalist, Victoria Ivleva entered Khojaly after it fell to the Armenian armed forces. She took the pictures of the streets of the town strewn with dead bodies of its inhabitants, including women and children.[47] In the article that she wrote for a Russian newspaper she described how she saw a large crowd of Meskhetian Turks from Khojaly, who were led to captivity by the Armenian militants. She mentioned that she was hit by an Armenian soldier who took her for one of the captives, when she was helping a woman who was falling behind the crowd with four children, one of which was wounded, and the other one was newly born. The captives were later exchanged or released, and in 2011 Ivleva found in Azerbaijan that woman. Her little child grew up, but did not speak because of the shock she suffered in her childhood.[48]
The Azerbaijani journalist Eynulla Fatullayev traveled in 2005 to Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh and wrote an article called "Karabakh Diary". He claimed that he met some refugees from Khojaly, temporarily settled in Naftalan, who said that the Armenians had indeed left a free corridor and the Armenian soldiers positioned behind the corridor had not opened fire on them. Some soldiers from the battalions of the National Front of Azerbaijan instead, for some reason, had led part of the refugees in the direction of the village of Nakhichevanik, which during that period had been under the control of the Armenians' Askeran battalion. The other group of refugees were hit by artillery volleys while they were reaching the Agdam Region.[49][50]
However, in his statement to the European Court of Human Rights Fatullayev noted that in the article "The Karabakh Diary", he had merely conveyed the statements of a local Armenian, who had told Fatullayev his version of the events during the interview. Fatullayev claimed that his article did not directly accuse any Azerbaijani national of committing any crime and that in his article, there was no statement asserting that any of the Khojaly victims had been killed or mutilated by Azerbaijani fighters.[49]
Eynulla Fatullayev was sued for defamation and convicted in an Azerbaijani court to eight and a half years in prison and a penalty fee of $230,000. "Reporters without Borders" strongly condemned this decision, stating that the judgment was based on no evidence but is purely political.[51][52] The European Court of Human Rights ruled that Fatullayev must be released, because in their opinion "although "The Karabakh Diary" might have contained certain exaggerated or provocative assertions, the author did not cross the limits of journalistic freedom". The Court also noted that "The Karabakh Diary" did not constitute a piece of investigative journalism focusing specifically on the Khojaly events and considered that Fatullayev's statements about these events were made rather in passing, parallel to the main theme of the article.[49] Fatullayev was subsequently pardoned by the Azerbaijani president and released from jail.
However, after being released from prison in May 2011, Eynulla Fatullayev defended his 2005 comments which held Azerbaijani fighters and not Armenians responsible for the 1992 killings in Khojaly and added that the Azerbaijani government has long sought to use the Khojaly events to persecute its opponents, like the first president of Azerbaijan, Ayaz Mutalibov, who is still under criminal investigation for complicity in the Khojaly events. He also mentions Fahmin Hajiyev, the head of Azerbaijan's interior troops of the country who spent 11 years in prison because of the Khojaly events.[53] Hadjiyev was sentenced on charges of criminal negligence for surrendering the city of Khojaly to Armenian troops.[54]
A Khojaly survivor, Salman Abasov told that:
Several days before the tragedy the Armenian told us several times over the radio that they would capture the town and demanded that we leave it. For a longtime helicopters flew into Khojali and it wasn't clear if anyone thought about our fate, took an interest in us. We received practically no help. Morever, when it was possible to take our women, children out of the town, we were persuaded not to do so.[55]
Azerbaijani filmmaker Ramiz Fataliev in his interview testified that the Azerbaijani authorities did not evacuate the civilians from Khojaly because they thought that by doing so they would invite the Armenians to occupy Khojaly.
On the 22nd of February, in the president's, prime-minister's, KGB minister's and others' presence, the meeting of the National Security Council was held… At the meeting a resolution was made not to evacuate the people from KHOJALY. It was considered that if we evacuated the population, we would invite Armenians to occupy the settlement. That is, we would ourselves incite Armenians to attack. Even the members of the Security Council didn't believe that Armenians could commit this sort of actions that resulted in genocide. They thought that if the population left the settlement we ourselves would give Khojaly up.[56]
Another important fact to note is that after the seizure of Khojaly the Armenians allowed the Azerbaijanis to claim their dead, based on which the Azerbaijanis later grounded their accusations of massacre.[57][58] As argued by Walker, the group committing a massacre would have hardly taken up any of these measures.[57]
Role of the 366th CIS regiment Edit
According to international observers, soldiers and officers of 366th regiment took part in the attack on Khojaly.[59] Memorial called for investigation of the facts of participation of CIS soldiers in the military operations in the region and transfer of military equipment to the sides of the conflict. Soon after the massacre, in early March 1992, the regiment was withdrawn from Nagorno-Karabakh. Paratroopers evacuated the personnel of the regiment by helicopter, but over 100 soldiers and officers remained in Stepanakert and joined the Armenian forces, including the commander of the 2nd battalion major Seyran Ohanyan,[2] who currently serves as a Minister of Defense of Armenia. Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper reported that:
despite categorical orders of the command of the military district, some military personnel of the 366th regiment took part in military operations near Khojaly on Karabakhi side on the 20s of February. At least two such instances were recorded. And during evacuation of the military personnel of the regiment paratroopers selectively searched several servicemen and found large amounts of money on them, including foreign currency.[60]
Warnings and the free corridor Edit
The report of Memorial stated that the Armenian side claimed that a free corridor was provided for fleeing civilians. The Memorial report says:
According to the officials of the NKR and those taking part in the assault, the Khojaly population was informed about the existence of this 'corridor' through loudspeakers mounted on armoured personnel carriers. NKR officials also noted that, several days prior to the assault, leaflets had been dropped on Khojaly from helicopters, urging the Khojaly population to use the 'free corridor'. However, not a single copy of such a leaflet has been provided to Memorial's observers in support of this assertion. Likewise, no traces of such leaflets have been found by Memorial's observers in Khojaly. When interviewed, Khojaly refugees said that they had not heard about such leaflets. Several days prior to the assault, the representatives of the Armenian side had, on repeated occasions, informed the Khojaly authorities by radio about the upcoming assault and urged them to immediately evacuate the population from the town. The fact that this information had been received by the Azerbaijani side and transferred to Baku is confirmed by Baku newspapers (Bakinskiy Rabochiy)[49]
Armenian fighters claimed to HRW investigators that they sent ultimata to the Azerbaijani forces in Khojaly warning that unless missile attacks from that town on Stepanakert ceased, Armenian forces would attack. The report quotes the testimony of an Azerbaijani woman: "According to A.H., an Azerbaijani woman interviewed by Helsinki Watch in Baky, "After Armenians seized Malybeyli, they made an ultimatum to Khojaly... and that Khojaly people had better leave with white flag. Alif Gajiev [the head of the militia in Khojaly] told us this on 15 February, but this didn't frighten me or other people. We never believed they could occupy Khojaly""[61]
Elmar Mamedov, the Mayor of Khojaly testified that the Azerbaijani authorities knew about the attack but they took no measure to evacuate the civilians:
On 25 February 1992 at 8:30 pm we were told that the tanks of the enemy have been placed around the city in a fighting position. We informed everybody about this over the radio. Furthermore on 24 February I called Aghdam and told them, that a captured Armenian fighter has informed us on the impending attack... There was no response. I have also asked to send a helicopter for the transportation of the elderly, women and children. But no help came.[62]
The Memorial report quotes the words of Elmar Mamedov published in the newspaper "Russkaya Misl" (3.04.92): "We knew that this corridor was provided for the exit of the civilians..."
No witnesses interviewed by Helsinki Watch on the Azerbaijani side said that they knew beforehand of such a corridor.[25]
Victims Edit
Khojaly refugees.
The Khojaly massacre was described by Human Rights Watch as "the largest massacre to date in the conflict" over Nagorno-Karabakh.[63] Memorial, the Moscow-based human rights group, stated in their report that actions of Armenian militants were in gross violation of a number of basic international human rights conventions.[64] Estimating the number of the civilians killed in the massacre, Human Rights Watch stated that "there are no exact figures for the number of Azeri civilians killed because Karabakh Armenian forces gained control of the area after the massacre". A 1993 report by Human Rights Watch put the number of deaths at least 161,[1] although later reports state the number of deaths as at least 200. According to Human Rights Watch, "while it is widely accepted that 200 Azeris were murdered, as many as 500-1,000 may have died".[63]
Memorial stated that by 28 March 1992 over 700 captive civilians from Khojaly, mostly woman and children detained both in the city and on their way to Aghdam, were delivered to the Azerbaijani side.[64]
According to Dana Mazalova, who spoke about this issue on a press conference, the images that Chingiz Mustafayev had shown her, "have nothing in common with the videos and photographs, which the Azerbaijani side presents to the world". Mazalova claims to have seen the original footage shot by the Azerbaijani cameraman Chingiz Mustafiev of the dead bodies and says that she did not see there the signs of mutilation that were in later footage. That has the grisly implication that someone interfered with the corpses afterwards.[35][65][66] Mazalova also claimed that the free corridor existed and that Russian journalist Victoria Ivleva passed through it together with Meskhetian Turks and remained alive.[67] However Ivleva said that she did not know who Mazalova was and that Mazalova was lying when she said that Ivleva walked through this corridor.[68] In another interview Ivleva also stated that she entered the town from the opposite direction to the alleged location of the "free corridor", where Meskhetian Turks lived, and they survived because they did not walk into the "free corridor".[69]
Armenian news agencies claim that the Azerbaijani side regularly presents pictures of victims of other wars, such as the Kosovo War from 1998/1999, Afghanistan, earthquake victims or refugees from other regions as "Azerbaijani victims of the Khojaly massacre".[66][70][71][72] According to the Azerbaijani mass media, the Armenian side regularly presents images of victims of the Khojaly massacre as "Armenian victims of Baku Pogrom, Sumgait pogrom, Armenian genocide", etc.[73][74][75]
Countries Edit
Azerbaijan - Azerbaijani Parliament recognized Khojaly Massacre [76]
Pakistan - Pakistan recognized Khojaly Massacre in 2012 [77]
Commemoration Edit
Memorials Edit
File:Massachusetts citation.pdf
Main article: Khojaly Massacre Memorials
Khojaly Massacre was recognized and commemorated by a number of international organizations and US states, and memorials were created in various locations around the globe. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation called Khojaly events "crime against humanity" with consensus of all members[78] and recognized it as genocide.[79]
Khojaly massacre was recognized and commemorated at various levels in a number of US states, including the states of Massachusetts,[80] New Jersey,[81][82] Texas,[83] Georgia,[84] Maine,[85] New Mexico,[86] Arkansas,[87][88] Oklahoma,[89] Tennessee,[90][91] West Virginia,[92] Connecticut[93][94] and Florida.[95]
On May 30, 2011 Khojaly Massacre Memorial was erected in Berlin.
Representation in culture Edit
The critically acclaimed and multiple award-nominated footage of Chingiz Mustafayev greatly increased the awareness of the campaign.[96] The footage of the event was also broadcast by American television channel CNN.[97]
Literature Edit
Book name
2013 Genocide Almanax Ireli Public Union [98]
2011 Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory Susan Allen Nan, Andrea Bartoli and Zachariah Cherian Mampilly [99]
2011 The Khojaly Trauma and Mutalibov's Fall Svante Cornell [99]
2010 The Caucasus: An Introduction Thomas de Waal [100]
2004 Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War Thomas de Waal
2000 Azerbaijan: A Quest for Identity Charles van der Leeuw Part of Caucasus World series.[101]
2000 Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus Svante Cornell Part of Caucasus World series.[102]
1992 Eyewitness Account From the Following Day Thomas Goltz [103]
1992 Karabakh's Bloody Maelstrom – A Cry for Khojaly Yuri Pompeyev [99]
Films Edit
Documentary films Edit
2011 – Refugee: a long journey of Anar Yusubov (dir. Cem Oguz)
2012 – Infinite Corridor / Sonu olmayan dəhliz (dir. Richardas Lopaitis)
2012 – Between hunger and fire: Power at the expense of lives. (in English)[104]
Fictional films Edit
1993 – Fəryad (dir. Jeyhun Mirzayev)
1993 – Haray (dir. Oruj Gurbanov)
2012 – Xoca (dir. Vahid Mustafayev)
2012 – Dolu (dir. Elkhan Jafarov)
Music Edit
A list of musical works dedicated to the Khojaly Massacre and related events:
1993 Ya Karabağ, Ya Ölüm Ozan Arif
1995 Salam, Dar Ağacı Şəmistan Əlizamanlı
1996 Ya Qarabağ, Ya Ölüm Dayirman from the album Qurd[105]
2010 Justice for Khojaly Dayirman featuring Toni Blackman
2012 The Khojaly Requiem Alexander Tchaikovsky a symphony[106]
2013 Khojaly 613 Pierre Thilloy a symphony[107]
Khojaly Massacre Memorials
List of massacres in Azerbaijan
Sumgait pogrom (February 1988)
Kirovabad pogrom (November 1988)
Pogrom of Armenians in Baku (January 1990)
Black January (19–20 February 1990)
Malibeyli and Gushchular Massacre (10-12/2/1992)
Capture of Garadaghly (17 February 1992)
Maraga Massacre (10 April 1992)
Footnotes Edit
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Human Rights Watch World Report 1993 – The Former Soviet Union.
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 de Waal, Thomas (2004). Black garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through peace and war. ABC-CLIO. pp. 172–173. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=pletup86PMQC&pg=PA172.
↑ Randolph, Joseph Russell (2008). Hot spot: North America and Europe. ABC-CLIO. p. 191. ISBN 0-313-33621-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=io6T82jEoK8C&pg=PA191.
↑ New York Times – massacre by Armenians Being Reported
↑ TIME Magazine – Tragedy Massacre in Khojaly
↑ Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus By Svante E. Cornell
↑ Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh, vol. 1245 of Human rights documents, Human Rights Watch, 1992, p. 24
↑ Letter from the Charge d'affaires a.i. of the Permanent Mission of Azerbaijan to the United Nations Office
↑ Human Rights Watch / Helsinki Azerbaijan. Seven Years of Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. New York • Washington • Los Angeles • London • Brussels: 1994, p. 6. ISBN 1-56432-142-8
↑ (Turkish) http://www.turksam.org/tr/a2342.html
↑ http://www.hocalisoykirimi.com/
↑ Commission on prisoners of war, hostages and missing persons – Khojaly genocide
↑ Human Rights Watch/Helsinki. Bloodshed in the Caucasus: Escalation of the Armed Conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. New York: Human Rights Watch, 1992. pp. 12-13.
By the winter of 1991-92, as a result of Azerbaijan's three-year economic and transport blockade, Nagorno Karabakh was without fuel (though it did have natural gas), electricity, running water, functioning sanitation facilities, communications facilities, and most consumer goods... Life in Stepanakert during the Helsinki Watch visit in April 1992 was at a standstill...
In January 1992, Azerbaijani forces began attacking Stepanakert with Grad missiles, which are jet-propelled rockets intended as anti-personnel weapons.
↑ Kaufman, Stuart (2001). Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War. New York: Cornell Studies in Security Affairs. pp. 49–66. ISBN 0-8014-8736-6.
↑ The Armenian account states that in the situation of complete blockade and continuous shelling of Stepanakert the Karabakh Armenians had no choice but to seize Khojaly to stop the bombardment. Torosyan Tigran. Conflict Resolution in the Framework of International Law: Case of Nagorno Karabakh. 2010.
↑ Human Rights Watch. Bloodshed in the Caucasus: Escalation of the Armed Conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. ISBN 1-56432-081-2
↑ Доклад общества «Мемориал» (Memorial). Независимая газета, 18 June 1992
↑ Карабахские депутаты: Ходжалу стал жертвой политических интриг и борьбы за власть в Азербайджане. ИА REGNUM, 25 February 2008
↑ Hugh Pope, "Sons of the conquerors: the rise of the Turkic world", New York: The Overlook Press, 2006, p. 59, ISBN 1-58567-804-X
↑ 20.0 20.1 "ДОКЛАД ПРАВОЗАЩИТНОГО ЦЕНТРА "МЕМОРИАЛ"" (in Russian). Memorial. http://www.memo.ru/hr/hotpoints/karabah/HOJALY/CHAPTER1.HTM. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
↑ Kristen Eichensehr, William Michael Reisman. Stopping wars and making peace: studies in international intervention, 2009, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers p. 63,
↑ Annika Rabo, Bo Utas. "The role of the state in West Asia", Istanbul 2005, p. 175,
↑ Helsinki Watch. "Bloodshed in the Caucasus: Escalation of the Armed Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh" New York, September 1992 p. 21
↑ 24.0 24.1 Letter to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia from the Executive Director of Human Rights Watch dated March 24, 1997
↑ 25.0 25.1 Human Rights Watch/Helsinki. Bloodshed in the Caucasus: Escalation of the Armed Conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. New York: Human Rights Watch, 1992. pp. 24.
↑ Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. Human Rights Watch, 1992. ISBN 1-56432-081-2, ISBN 978-1-56432-081-0, pp. 23-24
↑ Novoye Vremya, 6 March 2001
↑ Cox, Caroline. "Ethnic Cleansing in Progress: War in Nagorno Karabakh" (pdf). http://sites.google.com/site/nationalismcaucasus/Home/EthnicCleansinginProgressWarinNagornoKarabakh.pdf.
↑ Nezavisimaya Gazetta, 2 April 1992
↑ Zvyagin Sergei (2010) Ходжалу: правда и вымыслы. (Khojaly: the truth and the fabrications) Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 05 March 2010.
↑ Interview of Ayaz Mutalibov, Regnum News Agency
↑ (Russian) «Антиазербайджанская революция прошла под красным знаменем»: интервью экс-президента Азербайджана Аяза Муталибова ИА REGNUM, 6.02.2006
↑ (Russian) "Я никогда не говорил, что в Ходжалинском геноциде виноваты азербайджанцы". Vesti.az. http://vesti.az/news/41234. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
↑ Letter to the UN from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia
↑ 35.0 35.1 Thomas De Waal. "More War in the Caucasus". http://carnegie.ru/publications/?fa=42579. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ Том де Ваал: Трагедия в Ходжалы - результат хаоса, "спонтанная", а не "преднамеренная" акция
↑ Interview with De Waal
↑ http://cpj.org/killed/1992/chingiz-fuad-ogly-mustafayev.php Committee to Protect Journalists
↑ Chingiz Mustafayev in Action by Vahid Mustafayev
↑ Markar Melkonian. My Brother's Road: An American's Fateful Journey to Armenia. New York: I.B. Tauris, 2005 ISBN 1-85043-635-5, p.p. 213-214
↑ Carnegieendowment.org: A President, an Interview, and a Tragic Anniversary
↑ Serzh Sargsyan on Khojaly
↑ (Russian) Романов Ю. "Я снимаю войну...". Школа выживания. Центр экстремальной журналистики. — М.: Права человека, 2001., p. 54
↑ The Times, 3 March 1992. Anatol Lieven, "Bodies Mark Site of Karabakh Massacre".
↑ The Independent, 5 March 1992. Helen Womack. Azeris hunted down and shot in the forest; Refugees and fresh graves confirm massacre by Armenians.
↑ The Independent, 8 March 1992. Helen Womack. Karabakh falls prey to revenge; Helen Womack confronts the evidence of a massacre on her arrival in Agdam.
↑ Victoria Ivleva. The corpses of people killed during the Armenian attack in the streets of the settlement of Khojaly, Nagorno-Karabakh, February 1992. Photograph 1, Photograph 2
↑ (Russian) Новая Газета, № 24, 9 March 2011. Виктория Ивлева. Дочь войны.
↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 "The European Court of Human Rights. Case of Fatullayev v. Azerbaijan" (pdf). p. 3. http://www.concernedhistorians.org/content_files/file/le/150.pdf.
↑ http://www.esiweb.org/index.php?lang=fr&id=321&country_ID=2&slide_ID=13 Repression in Azerbaijan
↑ "Achteinhalb Jahre Haft und hohe Geldstrafe für Eynulla Fatullaiev" (in German). Reporter without Borders. 2 November 2007. http://www.reporter-ohne-grenzen.de/index.php?id=65&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=620&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=59&#620. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
↑ "Aserbaidschan". Amnesty International. http://www2.amnesty.de/internet/deall.nsf/74306e77ccabf47cc12565cb003dc377/852811eb1b81d15cc12574c50055fd15?OpenDocument. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
↑ Daisy Sindelar (3 October 2011). "Fatullayev: 'I'm Still Here – Alive, Working, and Telling the Truth'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. http://www.rferl.org/content/fatullayev_says_im_still_here/24347732.html. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
↑ Council of Europe, Secrétaire Général. Cases of alleged political prisoners in Armenia and Azerbaijan - Addendum to the Report of the Independent Experts, Messrs Stefan Trechsel, Evert Alkema and Alexander Arabadjiev, 16 July 2001.
↑ de Waal, Thomas (2004). Black garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through peace and war. ABC-CLIO. p. 172. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=pletup86PMQC&pg=PA172.
↑ Ramiz Fataliev's interview to radio "Azadlig" (Liberty) in Azerbaijani
↑ 57.0 57.1 Walker J. Christopher (1996) The Armenian presence in mountainous Karabakh. In Wright F. R. John, Goldenberg Suzanne and Schofield Richard (eds.) Transcaucasian boundaries. London: UCL Press, pp. 89-111
↑ Cox, Caroline and John Eibner (1993). Ethnic Cleansing in Progress: War in Nagorno Karabakh. Zürich; Washington: Institute for Religious Minorities in the Islamic World.
↑ Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. Human Rights Watch, 1992. ISBN 1-56432-081-2, ISBN 978-1-56432-081-0, p. 21
↑ Красная звезда, 11.03.92. Карабах: война до победного конца? несмотря на категорические приказы командования округа, некоторые военнослужащие 366-го мсп всё же принимали участие на стороне карабахцев в боевых действиях под Ходжалы в двадцатых числах февраля. По крайней мере зафиксировано два таких случая. А при эвакуации личного состава полка десантники на выбор проверили несколько военнослужащих и обнаружили у них большие суммы денег, в том числе и в иностранной валюте
↑ Эльмира Ахундова (1993) (in Russian). Ходжалы. Хроника геноцида. Азернешр. p. 15. ISBN 5-552-01317-4. http://ebooks.preslib.az/pdfbooks/rubooks/xocxronk.pdf.
↑ 63.0 63.1 Human Rights Watch / Helsinki. Azerbaijan: Seven Years of Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. New York. 1994.
↑ 64.0 64.1 Report of Memorial Human rights center (In Russian)
↑ Dana Mazalova. "Press conference: Justice for Khojaly" (in Russian). Novosti. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzFRC2sB1R8. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ 66.0 66.1 "ДАНА МАЗАЛОВА: "ТО, ЧТО ОНИ ПОКАЗЫВАЮТ, – НЕ ХОДЖАЛУ"" (in Russian). 13 March 2010. http://www.golosarmenii.am/ru/19958/world/2203/. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ Новости-Армения. Представляемые азербайджанцами снимки Ходжалинской трагедии являются фальсификацией – чешская журналистка
↑ Виктория Ивлева: «Дана Мазалова лжет, ссылаясь на меня в разговорах о «гуманитарном коридоре» в Ходжалы» - 1NEWS.AZ
↑ Виктория Ивлева: «Я скорблю вместе со всеми о невинных жертвах Ходжалы, и желаю всем мира» - 1NEWS.AZ
↑ "The February victims near Aghdam are a consequence of criminal actions of Azerbaijan's political elite …". Panorama.am. 29 October 2010. http://www.panorama.am/en/press/2010/10/29/golos/. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
↑ "Xocali.net a target of hacker attacks from Azerbaijan". Panorama.am. 27 February 2010. http://www.panorama.am/en/society/2010/02/27/xocali.net/?sw. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
↑ "New Website Exposes Azeri Propaganda; Sets Record Straight On Karabakh Liberation War". Asbarez. 24 February 2010. http://asbarez.com/77802/new-website-exposes-azeri-propaganda-sets-record-straight-on-karabakh-liberation-war/. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
↑ 1NEWS.AZ. Армяне представляют фотоснимки жертв ходжалинской трагедии в виде «фактов» событий 1915 года
↑ 1NEWS.AZ. Наиглупейший прокол арменпропа – известные миру фотоснимки представлены как «геноцид армян в Баку»
↑ 1NEWS.AZ. Армянские СМИ нагло выдают фотоснимки жертв Ходжалинского геноцида за «пострадавших от январских погромов в Баку 1990 года».
↑ http://www.azadliq.org/content/article/380214.html
↑ http://www.eurasianet.org/node/65060
↑ Kr-alemi.com: В Крыму помнят о Ходжалинской трагедии
↑ TandemPost.com: Tragedy of one night - In the night of February 25-26, 1992 Armenian armed forces invaded Khojaly, village located in Nagorno Karabakh region of Azerbaijan Republic
↑ "U.S. State of Massachusetts acknowledges Khojaly massacre". AzerTAj. http://www.azertag.com/jsp/shownews.jsp?id=681&cdate=2010-04-25&lang=en. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
↑ "Assembly Resolution No. 24". New Jersey Legislature. https://docs.google.com/a/azeris.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:0nzIzSWZCxgJ:ftp://www.njleg.state.nj.us/20122013/AR/24_I1.DOC+&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiOYuYeQ1VmDI2SUis6feHhIu6FQwSriF5hfoqbMShsocVy6gk7YoGlvGDPNbL_-7uc3AX1MaBzGxgYNt1QEJD1xy29Fu1MJ5i22VG7RjbN61WGD7BOtvxknVWclGXmyBU1QgXV&sig=AHIEtbTOlgdcAo6HjA3QJ5XeAcRTG3uAfA&pli=1. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ "US New Jersey State recognizes Khojaly massacre". News.az. http://www.news.az/articles/politics/55409. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
↑ "Texas House of Representatives Resolution 535: Commemorating the 19th anniversary of the Khojaly massacre in Azerbaijan". Legislative Session 82(R). Texas Legislature Online. http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=82R&Bill=HR535. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
↑ "House Resolution 1594". U.S. State of Georgia General Assembly. 24 February 2012. http://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20112012/122837.pdf. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
↑ "One Hundred and Twenty-Fifth Legislature, Second Regular Session". Senate of Maine. http://www.maine.gov/legis/senate/Calendars/03142012%20Calendar.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
↑ "A Memorial Commemorating the Twentieth Anniversary of the Khojaly Tragedy". State Of New Mexico. http://www.nmlegis.gov/Sessions/13%20Regular/memorials/senate/SM019.html. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
↑ "HR1004". Arkansas House of Representatives. http://www.arkansashouse.org/bill/2013R/HR1004. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
↑ "Another U.S. state recognizes Khojaly genocide". News.az. http://en.trend.az/news/karabakh/2117928.html. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
↑ "A Resolution commemorating the 21 st anniversary of the Khojaly Tragedy". Oklahoma Senate. http://webserver1.lsb.state.ok.us/cf_pdf/2013-14%20INT/SRES/SR3%20INT.PDF. Retrieved 28 May 2013.
↑ "HR48". Tennessee House of Representatives. http://www.capitol.tn.gov/Bills/108/Bill/HR0048.pdf. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
↑ "House of Representatives of Tennessee adopted a resolution on Khojaly Tragedy". Trend.az. http://en.trend.az/news/karabakh/2130942.html. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
↑ House Concurrent Resolution No. 104.
↑ "House Session Transcript for 04/16/2013". The Connecticut General Assembly. http://www.cga.ct.gov/2013/trn/H/2013HTR00416-R00-TRN.htm. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
↑ One more US State recognizes Khojaly genocide.
↑ http://www.aze.az/news_shtat_ssha_priznal_95759.html
↑ Goldberg, Carey. "Enclave Horror Echoed in a Cameraman's Sobs : Karabakh: Film is shown in Moscow as Azerbaijanis and Armenians again trade charges over Khojaly attack.". http://articles.latimes.com/. Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1992-03-05/news/mn-4713_1_khojaly-residents. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ Ahmadova, Sevinj. "CNN состоялся показ видеосюжета Чингиза Мустафаева о Ходжалинской трагедии" (in Russian). bakililar.az. http://www.aze.az/news_na_cnn_sostoyalsya_40922.html. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ "В Баку состоится презентация книги "Genocide Almanax"" (in Russian). 1news.az. http://www.1news.az/society/20131104043730197.html. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ 99.0 99.1 99.2 "Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory". khojaly.org. http://www.khojaly.org/peacemaking-from-practice-to-theory/. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ "The Caucasus: An Introduction". www.amazon.com. http://www.amazon.com/The-Caucasus-Introduction-Thomas-Waal/dp/0195399773. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ "Azerbaijan: A Quest for Identity". www.amazon.com. http://www.amazon.com/Azerbaijan-Quest-Identity-Caucasus-World/dp/0312219032. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ "Azerbaijan: A Quest for Identity". www.amazon.com. http://www.amazon.co.uk/Small-Nations-Great-Powers-Ethnopolitical/dp/0700711627/ref=sr_1_11?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1383624108&sr=1-11&keywords=khojaly. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ "Eyewitness Account From the Following Day (1992)". www.azer.com. http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/ai101_folder/101_articles/101_goltz_article.html. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
↑ Between hunger and fire: Power at the expense of lives
↑ Blair, Betty. "Dayirman - For a New Rap Music Generation". Azer.com. Azerbaijan International. http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/91_folder/91_articles/91_dayirman.html. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
↑ Alexander Tchaikovsky: 'By writing the Khojaly Requiem, I wanted to show support for those who survived the war'. Day.az. 3 August 2012.
↑ "World première of Khojaly 613 by Pierre Thilloy moves a Parisian audience". En.apa.az. http://en.apa.az/news_world_premi__re_of_khojaly_613_by_pierre__188377.html. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
Wikiquote has media related to: Khojaly Massacre
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khojaly massacre.
Citation for acknowledgment of the 18th Commemoration of Khojaly massacre
Non-partisan Edit
CNN International: Capturing war and revolution
Report of Memorial Human rights center (In Russian)
Bloodshed in the Caucasus: escalation of the armed conflict in Nagorno Karabakh. Human Rights Watch, 1992. ISBN 1-56432-081-2 ISBN 978-1-56432-081-0
Thomas De Waal, Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War, NYU Press, 2004, ISBN 0-8147-1945-7. Chapter 11. August 1991 – May 1992: War Breaks Out. Online (In Russian): [1]
Victoria Ivleva. The corpses of people killed during the Armenian attack in the streets of the settlement of Khojaly, Nagorno-Karabakh, February 1992. Photograph 1, Photograph 2
Walker J. Christopher (1996) The Armenian presence in mountainous Karabakh. In Wright F. R. John, Goldenberg Suzanne and Schofield Richard (eds.) Transcaucasian boundaries. London: UCL Press, pp. 89–111
From an Azerbaijani perspective Edit
Khojaly Chronicle,facts,events
Letter to the UN from Azerbaijan condemning the events
Letter of UN Human rights center
Justice for Khojaly, ICYF-DC campaign
From an Armenian perspective Edit
The chronicle of unseen forgery and falsification
Letter to the UN from Armenia in response to Azeri accusations
Office of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic, Washington DC, faq on Khojali
Karabakh Records
Coordinates: 39°54′40″N 46°47′21″E / 39.91111°N 46.78917°E / 39.91111; 46.78917
Retrieved from "https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Khojaly_Massacre?oldid=2797933"
Articles with Turkish-language external links
Articles containing Azerbaijani-language text


Texas A&M and Ole Miss are at opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to third-down conversion percentage on both sides of the ball.
Offensively, Ole Miss is first in the Southeastern Conference in converting first downs, with a conversion percentage of 51 percent. That number will be put to the test against the Aggie defense, which is allowing opponents to convert just 26 percent of third downs, which is also first in the conference.
When the Aggies have the ball, they are fourth in the conference in converting third downs on offense, while Ole Miss is next to last in third-down conversion percentage on defense, allowing opponents to convert over 42 percent of third downs.
It will be a test to see which team's third-down success continues and which doesn't. In what could be a close game, one or two key third-down conversions or stops could make all the difference.
The Ole Miss offensive line will have its hands full with Texas A&M defensive end Damontre Moore, who has emerged as one of the more explosive players in the conference.
On the year, he has 27 tackles, 10 and a half tackles for loss, six sacks, three quarterback hurries and a forced fumble.
This is an issue for the Rebels because, as a team, they have allowed the most sacks in the conference. Through five games, Ole Miss has given up 16 sacks to opposing defenses.
Slowing down Moore and the rest of a fast, physical Aggie defense will be a tough task for Ole Miss. Texas A&M has racked up 17 sacks on the season, including eight in a season-opening loss to Florida.
After primarily using a 4-3 defense against Alabama's physical running attack, expect Ole Miss to revert back to a 4-2-5 scheme to get as much speed on the field as possible to counteract redshirt freshman quarterback Johnny Manziel.
Manziel, the reigning SEC Offensive Player of the Week, racked up 453 passing yards and three passing touchdowns, while adding 104 yards and a score on the ground.
Ole Miss head coach Hugh Freeze raved about Manziel's ability to extend the play, and stopping that will be a main focus for the Ole Miss defense.
Teams have begun to keep a spy on Manziel in an attempt to keep him in the pocket, and the Rebels will make sure that at least one person will have their eyes on him at all times.
Manziel's improvisation skills when running out of the pocket have been on full display so far this season, and the Rebels' defense will have to stay disciplined to slow him down.
For continuing coverage of Ole Miss football, follow @thedm_sports and @bennetthipp on Twitter.


text:
Roberto Martinez: Everton FC cannot afford to lack intensity like we did at … – Liverpool Echo
Roberto Martinez admits Everton cannot afford to perform without intensity after their six-game unbeaten run came to a shuddering halt at Aston Villa.
The Blues paid the price for a sub-par first-half performance as they slumped to a 3-2 defeat in the Midlands, a result which leaves them marooned in 11th place in the Premier League table.
Martinez's side had entered the game as the form side in the division, but delivered only a flat performance, lacking tempo, energy and conviction.
And the Catalan says they can ill afford another afternoon like this when Sunderland visit Goodison Park next weekend.
He said: "The ambitions for us are to perform like we did in the second half, We just can't afford to perform with the lack of intensity we did in the first half again.
"We were in the middle of a good run, to get 16 out of 18 points was great but now we want to make sure we pout this result to bed and focus on an important game against Sunderland.
"Not fighting relegation and not fighting to get into the Champions League doesn't mean that every point doesn't matter. Our final points tally has a lot of meaning towards what we want to achieve."
READ MORE: HOW EVERTON LOST THE AERIAL BATTLE
Aston Villa's Jack Grealish and Everton's Steven Naismith
"It wasn't just the defenders"
Martinez added: "It was a total below-par performance. It wasn't just the defenders, it was an approach. We didn't have the intensity, we didn't keep the ball well enough, and we didn't create enough threat or get into the final third enough. The whole performance wasn't up to the level we expect."
Everton were punished twice by Christian Benteke in the opening 45 minutes, and though they improved significantly after the break, they were unable to drag something out of the game, against a side haunted by fears of relegation.
Martinez said: "It's fair to say Villa were really strong in the first half and that two-nil lead gave them the advantage even if after the second half overall the game was pretty level.
"You're not always going to play well in a game for 90 minutes but you need to get through those periods. It's important that when you're not at your best you don't concede goals. You can't always be perfect. But the two-goal lead we gave them was excessive and we need to learn from it.
"In the first half we were really slow to react. We didnt have the strong intensity to our normal play and in the second half we realised we had to step up our tempo and everything we did off the ball.
"The first half cost us too much. The performance against Manchester United was so impressive, the intensity and the occasion, that I did fear that maybe it would be difficult to start the game with the same excitement. That's why we made changes to try and spark things.
"But even when you're not at your best you shouldn't concede two goals like we did. You need to be very aware of crosses to Benteke when you're playing Villa and the first time it happened it ends up in the back of the net.
Then the dead-ball situation before the end of the half is too painful."
Have you signed up for the newsletter. Every signup or comment left gets another entry into the draw. This week win Everton shirts and hoodies.
Everton FC Transfer Rumours: Blues to miss out on 'keeper as Moyes set to take … – Liverpool Echo Everton FC transfer rumours: Sulley Muntari linked, Blues to miss out on … – Liverpool Echo


text:
Q: Anyone want to try a script bash or python? I need to automate master binary log purging to occur so that purging never goes back further than the last slave has the updated info for.
These slaves are mobile and there are 3 of them, and sync whenever the users get around to it.
I can do this manually but how to set this up in a script eludes me.
Any ideas?

A: DISCLAIMER : Not a Python Programmer
I can give you a generic algorithm
Let's say you have 4 DB Servers

*

*replicator@10.1.2.% is the Replication User

*1 Master (10.1.2.10)

*3 Slaves (IP Addresses : 10.1.2.20,10.1.2.30,10.1.2.40)

STEP 01) Run this query
SELECT host FROM information_schema.processlist WHERE user = 'replicator';

Collect host columns into a list.
STEP 02) For each host collected into the list, run
SHOW SLAVE STATUS;

and retrieve the Relay_Master_Log_File column. Collect these in an array.
I wrote about why to pick that field and not Read_Master_Log_File

*

*Aug 02, 2012 : Deleting bin logs in replication environment

*May 26, 2012 : Trying to understand SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

*Jan 24, 2012 : Mysql master-master replication auto flush old logs

*Jan 03, 2012 : what are the conditions under which mysql replication might break?
STEP 03) Sort the array of Relay_Master_Log_File names. Select the first entry.
Suppose you collected

*

*mysql-bin.00124

*mysql-bin.00123

*mysql-bin.00125
After sorting, you would pick mysql-bin.00123
STEP 04) Purge binary logs on the Master using the select binary log
PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.00123';

That's it.
Give it a Try !!!

A: In addition to Rolando's general description I would recommend your script maintains and expected configuration definition to compare against the active process list.  Rolando's steps only very connected slaves.  A likely scenario a slave would fall so far behind many bin logs is replication broken or was administratively stopped and not in the masters process list at all.
Treat an event of a missing slave as an error state in which no binary logs are purged from the master.
This does add the additional admin overhead of needing to keep that config list in sync when adding/removing slaves but required for your script to work as desired.
Further consider your retention policy. If you want to spin up a new slave you might do that by restoring a recent backup and restarting replication from when the backup was taken.  For the scope of this discussion we'll assume you have daily backups and are certain the binlog position stored with the backups have been proven to be working correctly.
If you have daily backups you'd probably want to keep at least 2 days of bin logs.
Edit: After rereading your post it sounds like your question is more a long the lines of "how to write scripts".  Python is certainly a viable option suited for the task.  Whether it's perl, python, php or other you'll need to look up how to work with their MySQL API clients.  More specific questions of how-to-code in these languages are probably better placed in stackoverflow.com after googling some basic intro's to the language to gain that literacy.

A: draw backs of this script.
1.you don't have chance to recover db when ever crash.if you maintain incremental backups in a backup server than it is ok).
you can better to enable expire_logs.
or
you purge the bin-logs using date time in the script.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tell the confused old man.
Osibanjo has fully turned into a deceitful politician. Hypocrite of the highest order blinded by lust for power. Tueh.
Obasanjo said Jonathan was training snipers.
And this unscrupulous short pastor and his apc folks added to the fire by further heating up the polity because of elections.
Obasanjo was their best friend then.
Stop exposing your ignorance. So on your $5m claim, you know the technology used?
It's obviously clear that OBJ and his party PDP have seen that they have lost this election big time, hence,for his senseless attack for what National Assembly had approved.
They didn't expect the overwhelming crowds that always welcome Sai Buhari a k a (Sai projects),they have started jittery seriously since Bubu Plateau campaign which is the most successful campaign trains in f. d. f perceived stronghold.
I can't believe Osinbajo is a pastor in RCCG. Osinbajo is now a corrupt pastor.
Your eyes will soon clear Osinbajo.
Well, every learned supporting Buhari will always av to leave their brains behind... M not surprised!!!
Obasanjo's government was 100% better than Buhari's.
See how lame you think!?
May your life be run the way atiku handled this country in his capacity as vp.
That was a ridiculous statement by Obasanjo!
reading comments from Teenagers insulting old folks is saddening..
It is vote buying. Even the VP knows that.
Nobody expect that money to change lives, not in the current Nigeria.
Other political parties have even started staring their own 10,000 naira.
You are also acting the ruling party script by going around on vote-buying mission which you tagged:"TradeMoni" at this zero hour.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using CorrugatedIron;
using CorrugatedIron.Comms;
using CorrugatedIron.Config;

namespace EventStreams.Persistence.Riak {
    using Core;
    using Serialization.Events;

    public class RiakPersistenceStrategy : IPersistenceStrategy {
        private readonly RiakStorer _storer;
        private readonly RiakLoader _loader;
        private readonly IRiakClusterConfiguration _riakClusterConfiguration;
        private readonly IRiakClient _riakClient;

        public RiakPersistenceStrategy(IRiakClusterConfiguration riakClusterConfiguration, IEventReaderWriterPair eventReaderWriterPair) {
            if (riakClusterConfiguration == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("riakClusterConfiguration");
            if (eventReaderWriterPair == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("eventReaderWriterPair");

            _riakClient = new RiakCluster(riakClusterConfiguration, new RiakConnectionFactory()).CreateClient();

            _storer = new RiakStorer(_riakClient, eventReaderWriterPair.Writer);
            _loader = new RiakLoader(_riakClient, eventReaderWriterPair.Reader);
        }

        public void Store(Guid identity, IEnumerable<IStreamedEvent> eventsToAppend) {
            _storer.Store(identity, eventsToAppend);
        }

        public IEnumerable<IStreamedEvent> Load(Guid identity) {
            return _loader.Load(identity);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Going online to choose a pharmacy can be worthwhile. These types of will mail you your prescription at a discount than should usually these at the retail detail. They can do this because they may be set up in extremely efficient warehouse setting with little expenses. When shopping online, you must be cautions. The FDA has determined that almost a portion of the seized drugs which have been supposed in order to become from Canadian pharmacies, were from additional country. When researching an online pharmacy, by sure they display the VIPPS mark. This signifies that they are following all guidelines and regulations set forth by the national Association of Boards of Pharmacy. This is actually the same governing body that regulates traditional pharmacies.
The Medicare program information and facts is usually just for the senior citizens because these are the ones who can apply for these types of programs. Diets are accessible for people who are disabled. When you have reached the era of 65 then you can surely take full benefits associated with these plans that are intended by the government.
I filled the actual form on line, wouldn't go through, so i copied the 1-800 number down and dialed this item. That was a mistake, since was the wrong department. I went through two more toll free numbers that has a host of automated menus before going for the right department, I begged 3rd operator managed me because my head throbbed so badly. Click That Link connected me to a lady named Sara. After answering Sara's inquiries modest health and whether I'd Medicare A and B and form of of Social Security I received, she put me on hold, but not before taking my address and phone number. I also mentioned that her company covered my How to choose medicare plan D Plan. After putting me on hold, she said to me to expect a packet in the mail of Medicare Supplement Plans and premiums, the woman's card there.
The truth is that nobody experience discovering case event. Very few will actually hit the $2,070 deductible for that year. Some estimates reveal that only 5% of people accumulate over $2,000 of utilization. There are a number of sources that estimate how much the average senior actually accrues in part A and B co-insurance and deductibles for the majority but the average seems display it talks about $900 every twelve months. Given this estimate, the normal senior would save about $1,207.00 each and every year on plan F high deductible. In case they have a very healthy year, they help save even a bit more. If they have a catastrophically bad year, they is only going to save $107 but there is no risk intricate. At the end of the day, they will save money period.
PFFS-- Along with a Private-Fee-For-Service plan you make use of any Doctor or provider that accepts the plans payment. Statistics show that a majority of Doctors that accept Original Medicare will accept a PFFS Medicare Advantage Plan. It is always far better to do some study or make inquiries on specific plans available in your part.
If it had not been for my doctor being my advocate, I'd be in much worse shape than I have always been. My prescription costs $96.34 even so only require pay $3.67 for 30 capsules. Prescription drugs makes it possible for me personally to begin my life in the more productive alternative. Prior to having Medicare Part-D, when I may not get samples of Celebrex I got it lying down more than I was up because I could not tolerate the pain sensation of supporting my weight on my joints. I've nothing bad to say about Cignature Rx, after they got the letter from my doctor they reconsidered my interest in Celebrex and approved everything.
Those individuals who have been retired within the while are likely chuckling at me right now, and i don't blame you. My head-in-the-sand mentality was start to bite us all. Now I realize to select expensive are of life is! Besides the regular day-to-day expenses of living, there the actual new ones that go with increasing age in The usa. There is Medicare, Part B premiums; there can be a Medicare Supplements provides to be looked at as. Many of those plans likewise a premium. Aetna medicare supplement may have help. Expenses for healthcare go up, and if that's not all, what about paying for your funeral and burial plot, and record goes all night.
So in terms of of misinformation, there is -- due to there being no perfect solution, we have legitimate debates relating to the public option that we only had. boomerbenefits">https://getpocket.com/@boomerbenefits was a good, serious debate, and could certainly make a plausible argument as to why we shouldn't possess a public different. Now, I believe when i should on balance. It's not perfect. It's not going to solve every problem, but Chance it actually would useful insurance companies more fair. You can have a honest disagreement with me on that will.


and this is the size of the place. seats 8 and there are 2 people working there – chef and his wife who serves drinks and cleans up. very typical for this type of restaurant.
is this piece of tuna big enough? the chef goes to the fish market 5am every morning and gets whatever he thinks is best. we ate a huge variety of fish and seafood but fatty tuna is fatty tuna. the one here tasted so buttery that i had to have an extra piece at the end.
this guy was showing off some knive skills. cutting/squeezing lemon here to get few drops on the fish.
my favourite dish was what they called "japanese foie gras". it was so good i didn't even wanna know what it really is. well it was testicle of a snapper.
and more tuna pictures. i loved this box with meat on white cloth. my favourite otoro (the fattiest tuna belly) on the left, chutoro (medium fatty) on the right and the least fatty toro in the middle.
and now we are really full and off we go to enjoy some tokyo nightlife.
this was the last bar we went to. had some champagne, calvados, absinth and who knows what else. all i remember how sweet these so called "fruit tomatoes" were.
This entry was posted in japan on April 20, 2014 by katerina.


Hampton Coffee Company co-owner Jason Belkin has been using the social media platform so aggressively, the folks at Twitter decided to profile him on their own website.
Irish eyes are smiling at Hampton Coffee Company this month! We're celebrating St. Patrick's Day throughout March with two specially-themed beverages.
Coffee-lovers can celebrate Valentine's Day all month at our Espresso Bars & Cafés. This month's special coffee flavor is Chocolate Cherry Kiss.
We made THE Times! We were so proud to be featured in a New York Times piece about Long Island's successful food entrepreneurs -photos too. I guess we made it!
Hampton Coffee Company's special Holiday Cafés and Gift Stores are once again open for the Season! Featuring a variety of delicious special holiday beverages and gifts.
There are some exciting new menu additions at Hampton Coffee Company! Hampton Coffee Company in Westhampton Beach now offers three delicious egg sandwiches that are grilled-to-order and served all day!