Gluten free cakes and cookies!
Fresh local and organic blueberries in these Blueberry Scones. They are at the co-op along with Peanut Butter Cookies, Lemon Poppy Cookies, Chocolate Cake with Peanut Butter Icing and more.
There are a few Gluten Free Chocolate Cakes covered with Ganache at the co-op. They also have Cherry Coconut Cookies(gluten/soy free). These are the first gluten free cookies I baked and are still my favorite. Look out for Chocolate Coconut Cookies(gluten/soy free) in the next few weeks. Testing started today!
Oat Cream Pies, Macadamia Chocolate Chip Cookies, Cinnamon Raisin Cookies and more at the co-op.
Special order cakes have become one of my favorite things to bake. This is a 6" 2-layer Coconut Lime Cake with Vanilla Buttercream. This cake is soooo good. Happy Birthday Lizzy!
Coconut Lime Cakes, Lemon Poppy Cookies, Chocolate Cherry Cookies, Apricot Almond Cookies(gluten/soy free), Cranberry Orange Muffins and more at the Co-op.
Vanilla Cream Filled Cakes sold out fast at the co-op yesterday but there are more today! They also have Gluten Free Chocolate Cakes with Chocolate Ganache and Almond Chocolate Chip Cookies(gluten/soy free).
Lemon Poppy Ginger Muffins, Vanilla Cream Filled Cakes, Apple Pecan Granola Bars, Apricot Almond Cookies(gluten/soy free), Chocolate Mint Sandwich Cookies and Oatmeal Coconut Chocolate Chip Cookies are at the co-op.
Chocolate Mint Sandwich Cookies, Lemon Poppy Cookies, Ginger Peach Muffins, Double Chocolate Brownies(gluten/soy free) and more at the co-op.
Double Chocolate Brownies and Apricot Almond Cookies(both are gluten/soy free) are at the co-op. Stop in for a treat.
Chocolate Chip Cookies, Chocolate Cherry Cookies, Granola Bars, Cherry Lemon Muffins and Chocolate Cakes with Ganache or Raspberry Filling at the co-op.
This is Lemon Cake filled with Lemon Custard and covered with Vanilla Buttercream. Happy Birthday Zoie!
Lemon Cadet Cakes, Cinnamon Raisin Muffins, Cherry Coconut Cookies(gluten/soy free), Macadamia Chocolate Chip Cookies, and Oatmeal Raisin Cookies are at the co-op.
Cherry Coconut Muffins and Lemon Poppy Cookies are at the co-op.
Apple Pecan Granola Bars, Cinnamon Raisin Muffins, Vanilla Cream Filled Cakes, Chocolate Cherry Cookies and Cherry Coconut Cookies(gluten/soy free) are at the co-op.


This small Irish box is in the shape of a boot and it would be ideal for jewelry or trinkets.
This Irish jewelry box features a china shaped boot with shamrocks along with a hinged lid and gold tone metal accenting. The shamrock jewelry box is enhanced with embossed laces and measures 3 1/2" tall.
This Irish trinket box is made by Lefton China and is gift boxed with a shamrock history card, complements of The Irish Gift House.


text:
Photo-sensitivity of large area physical vapor deposited mono and bilayer MoS2
Baoming Wang1,
Christopher Muratore2,
Andrey A Voevodin3 &
Md Amanul Haque1
We present photosensitivity in large area physical vapour deposited mono and bi-layer MoS2 films. Photo-voltaic effect was observed in single layer MoS2 without any apparent rectifying junctions, making device fabrication straightforward. For bi-layers, no such effect was present, suggesting strong size effect in light-matter interaction. The photo-voltaic effect was observed to highly direction dependent in the film plane, which suggests that the oblique deposition configuration plays a key role in developing the rectifying potential gradient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of any large area and transfer free MoS2 photo device with performance comparable to their exfoliated counterparts.
Correspondence/Findings
Atomically thin semiconductor materials with large band gaps are touted for aggressively scaled electronic and optoelectronic applications [1]. Even though graphene does not have a band gap, its advent has galvanized the research on two-dimensional (2D) materials, notably the transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMD) [2]. The best example is molybdenum di-sulfide (MoS2), which has received significant attention in the scientific community due to high carrier mobility, large current on/off ratio and excellent interface quality with the gate dielectrics [3]. Bulk MoS2 has an indirect band gap of 1.2 eV which changes to a direct band gap of 1.83 eV for a monolayer MoS2[4],[5]. This leads to unprecedented light-matter interaction (high absorption coefficient and efficient electron–hole pair generation under photo-excitation) that has been studied in the form of photoluminescence, photoreponsivity, photoconductivity and photo-voltaics [1],[6]-[10]. While the existing literature on mono or few-layer MoS2 opto-electronics promise revolutionary capabilities of next generation devices, all these studies are performed on exfoliated flakes. Since exfoliation is not a sustainable path beyond basic science, there is a critical need for large area growth of mono-layer MoS2 and its opto-electronic characterization. This provides the motivation for the present study, where we deposit large area (> cm2) mono and bi-layer MoS2 through magnetron sputtering and then study the effect of layer number on the interaction of matter and light. Since the deposition is directly performed on the desired substrate, our fabrication processes are performed directly on the specimen. Specimen transfer to another sample is not needed and contamination is avoided. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of any large area, transfer free monolayer MoS2 photo-voltaic or photo-detector device with performance comparable to their exfoliated counterparts.
We employed physical vapour deposition with base pressure below 5×10−9 Torr for atomically sharp and clean interfaces. The mono and bi-layer specimens were grown on 100 nm thick thermal oxide coated silicon wafer pieces via magnetron sputtering using a solid 3.3 cm diameter MoS2 target of 99.95% purity. The substrates were ultra-sonically cleaned prior to introduction via a vacuum load-lock and mounted on an electrically grounded fixture with heating and rotation features. The substrates were then heated to 350°C while ultra-high purity argon gas was introduced at a constant flow rate of 25 sccm to a pressure of 15 mTorr. Figure 1a shows the deposition setup schematically. Figure 1b shows the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy of the specimens using a FEI Titan microscope for thickness measurements and calibration. The red dashed lines are superimposed on the figure to reveal the parallel atomic layers with likely turbo-stratic structure, where all basal planes are parallel and coplanar, but rotated about the crystals' z-axes. Or in other words, the specimens are not single crystal layers, but rather a large ensemble of small MoS2 grains with uniform thickness and excellent lateral coherence. Specific processing conditions in terms of power modulation to the sputtering cathode were selected based on prior work [11],[12] to obtain atomic scale thickness control and very high crystallinity. Both Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were then employed to characterize the specimens for thickness and stoichiometry. Figure 1c shows high resolution Mo 3d spectra with Mo peak shift to 229.0 eV indicating the +4 oxidation state for Mo, the hallmark of covalent bonding with sulfur in MoS2[13]. Figure 1c also shows a peak identified at 232.2 eV, which is the 3d3/2 peak for Mo and its shift from 231.4 eV also indicates bonding to S.
Experimental settings and characterization of 2D MoS 2 films directly grown by sputtering. (a) schematic of the pulsed dc magnetron sputtering configuration (b) cross-sectional TEM (dashed lines are added for highlighting the MoS2 layers, (c) x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data revealing the structure (d) 1 cm × 1 cm MoS2 specimen packaged for van der Pauw measurements showing the large active area.
To verify the continuity and integrity of the deposited films, we prepared specimens with 1 cm × 1 cm active area, whereas the conventional practice is to pattern the semiconducting material as micro to nanoscale strips with metallic contacts as source and drain for a transistor configuration. A physical shadow mask was used to protect the specimen while exposing the four corners, on which 5 nm thick titanium and 100 nm thick gold were evaporated to make the electrical contacts. The chip is then mounted on another wafer piece with large gold plated electrodes using a thermal tape. The four corners of the specimen are then wire-bonded to the larger pads. Figure 1c shows a specimen prepared for van der Pauw characterization [14] of the electrical resistivity under both dark and illuminated conditions. The van der Pauw setup was calibrated with a calibration specimen to achieve ± 5% error limit. Table 1 shows the dark dc conductivity results for the specimens. Such high values of resistivity are due to the fact that ultra-high vacuum condition results in cleaner MoS2 surfaces and domain structures. More importantly, the device fabrication process did not require the film to be transferred to a different substrate, so the associated contamination is avoided.
Table 1 Dark dc resistivity of the mono and bi-layer MoS 2 specimens
After dark dc characterization, we illuminated the devices with a 30 W light-bulb located at about 10 cm distance. The measured luminous flux per unit area was measured to be about 24 kLux using a light-meter. Figure 2a and b show the experimental results for the mono and bi-layer specimens. For the mono-layer, we observed the highest open circuit photo induced voltage of about 9.25 mV (without any applied bias). This value is significantly reduced to about 0.75 mV for the bi-layer specimen. These experiments were performed for negative bias to exhibit consistent behaviour. For even thicker specimens, we did not observe any appreciable photo-voltaic effects. We also observe that the effect is extremely direction dependent. For example, Figure 2c and d shows the photo-voltage measurement on the terminals perpendicular to that shown in Figure 2a and b. Such change in direction resulted in dramatic changes in the voltage obtained from the monolayer specimens (Figure 2c) and completely eliminated any such voltage in the bilayer specimens (Figure 2d). Note that in Figure 2d, the dark and illuminated behaviour is almost the same.
I-V characteristics under dark and 1.2 milli-Watts illumination for (a) mono-layer and (b) bi-layer MoS 2 devices. The corresponding values, when measured with electrodes at perpendicular (⊥) direction in ( c ) monolayer and ( d ) bilayer devices exhibit remarkable anisotropy in photo-sensitivity. Predominant nature of ohmic contact is seen for all the devices.
A remarkable feature of this study is the apparent ohmic nature of the electrical contacts, as shown in Figure 2. Almost all existing photo-detector devices in the literature [6]-[9],[15],[16] present Schottky type contact and the choice of electrode work function is very critical in 2D devices to obtain ohmic contacts. Desired features of the contact are (i) small lattice mismatch at the interface (ii) maximized overlap between the density of states (DOS) at both sides of the interface, (iii) large DOS at the Fermi level throughout the interface region to form delocalized states with low effective electron mass in order to efficiently transfer electrons between the metal and the semiconductor, (iv) a minimized potential barrier at the interface to maximize current injection [17]. Our choice of metals for the electrical contacts therefore appears to be satisfying these conditions. While it is expected that the direct band gap will enhance the photon absorption, formation of an electrical bias through predominantly ohmic contact as seen in Figure 2 is unprecedented. One way to view the observed phenomenon could be the negative-photoconductivity (increase in resistivity under photo-excitation) effect. Essentially, the resistivity of the mono and bilayer specimens increased to 3.5 and 1.1 times respectively under illumination. This is contrary to the conventional observation where light induced charge generation actually increases conductivity. This clearly indicates that the generated charge has been isolated and trapped at the electrodes. To achieve negative photo-conductivity, either a hetero-structure to accept and trap the charge [18]-[21] or surface plasmon resonance [22] is needed. Both these mechanisms may be partially responsible. For example, if the MoS2 specimen is terminated with a Mo layer, it can transport the generated charge to trap it in the oxide substrate of the 2D layers. The obtained experimental results therefore suggest a mechanism for maintaining a potential gradient or asymmetry. While a photo-thermo-electric mechanism has been proposed [1] to be an alternative for conventional Schottky barriers, this is not the case for our study. To prove this, we have varied the location of the light source (along the plane perpendicular to the distance between the source and specimen) and observed that the maximum photo-voltage occurs when the light source is about 45° angles inclined to the vertical. Since this is not the smallest distance from the specimen, we also do not expect this to provide highest photo-thermal energy.
To explain the anomalous observation of photo-voltaic effect, we closely examine the giant photovoltaic (voltages many times larger than the potential drop across the energy gap) effects in thin semiconducting films. The early literature [23] indicates occurrence of this intriguing phenomenon in many materials, however the inconsistency in experimental results has contributed to the lack of understanding and technological relevance. Nevertheless, a consistent observation is that an electro-motive potential gradient (the end closer to the source shows negative polarity) is seen in semiconducting thin films when the insulating substrate is inclined with respect to the incident deposition flux. This is exactly same as our deposition configuration as shown in Figure 1a. Interestingly, this specific condition is impossible to achieve in the conventional techniques (exfoliation, chemical vapour deposition). It is hypothesized that the oblique deposition creates nanoscale p-n junctions due to stacking fault, domain boundaries (Figure 1b suggests turbostratic structure of the films) or the Dember effect [23].
A counter-argument could be that even though the I-V profile is linear and no rectifying junction was intentionally fabricated in the devices, there could be Schottky barriers due to the work function of the Ti electrode [24] or through the localized doping of the MoS2 (similar to graphene induced doping [25]). If this were the case, the effect would be the same for all of the four electrodes and there would not be any anisotropic behaviour observed. At the same time, if the fundamental mechanism indeed involves the oblique deposition of the MoS2, we would observe large potential between the ends closest and farthest to the deposition source and minimal potential in the perpendicular direction. To corroborate this hypothesis, we measured the open circuit voltage due to illumination by simply changing the electrical terminals in our van der Pauw structure. It is expected that the end of the specimen closest to the deposition source will have negative while the farthest end will have positive polarity. The two other ends that are equidistant to the deposition source should have the same potential and thus will not show any photo-voltaic effect. Or in other words, the observed photovoltaic effects should be highly anisotropic. As shown in Figure 2c and d, this is indeed the case. This evidence corroborates our hypothesis since the MoS2 layers are not expected to show in-plane electrical anisotropy of such large magnitude. The literature contains evidence of thermal anisotropy in 2D MoS2[26], where the degree of anisotropy is around 0.8.
We further characterized the monolayer based devices by controlling the illumination through an aperture and exposing only the electrical contact areas. This is commonly observed in 2D opto-electronic devices [1],[7],[9]. Unfortunately, we were not able to accurately measure the effective area for illumination. According to the literature, the photo-current decays about 2 microns away from the electrical contact. If we conservatively estimate this decay length to be 5 microns, the effective illumination area for the approximately 10 mm long edges for the four electrical contacts is about 5 × 10−8 m2. For the illumination intensity of 24 kLux, the effective illumination power is estimated to be about 1.2 × 10−3 Watts. The highest measured steady state photo-current for the monolayer specimens is about 96.4 μA, which results in photo-responsivity of 0.08 A/W. The extrinsic quantum efficiency (η, ratio of the number of charge carriers generated to the number of incident photons) was calculated to be 0.17 using Equation 1.
η = h c / e I / Pλ
where h is the Planck constant, c the speed of light in vacuum, and e the electron charge. The photocurrent, incident power per unit area P, and excitation wavelength are denoted by I, P and λ respectively. In an absolute sense, both photo-responsivity and quantum efficiency values are smaller compared to the MoS2 literature. However, these quantities are typically reported for exfoliated flakes and also at micro to nano Watt levels. They nonlinearly decrease with increasing power due to screening of the built-in electric field by the excited electrons in the conduction band [7] or saturation of the trap states at the MoS2 or MoS2-substrate interface. For example, the highest MoS2 photo-responsivity is about 880 A/W at 150 pico-Watts, which monotonically decreases to 2 A/W at 1 micro-Watts [9]. Similarly, quantum efficiency of about 0.2 is reported for exfoliated flakes at 20 micro-Watt power [7]. Given our conservative estimate of the illumination area and power level at milli-Watts range, extrapolation of these performance metrics to the comparable power levels in the literature is extremely encouraging for further research. Currently, we are exploring the role of temperature, carrier concentration and back-gate voltage dependence for the present study.
In conclusion, we present evidence of photo-voltaic effects in mono and bi-layer ultra-high vacuum magnetron sputtered large area MoS2 specimens in absence of intentionally fabricated p-n junction or Schottky type contact. The photo-responsivity and extrinsic quantum efficiency were estimated to be 0.08 A/W and 0.17 respectively. We also present evidence of potential gradient in oblique deposition of ultrathin semiconducting films and propose that this gradient is instrumental in generating the photo-voltaic effect in ohmic contacts. While most of the MoS2 opto-electronics literature is based on photo-transistors fabricated on exfoliated flakes, the extremely simple design (no need for rectifying junctions) involving large area physical vapour deposited 2D MoS2 presented in this study can significantly impact technology development in this area.
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Giovannetti G, Khomyakov PA, Brocks G, Karpan VM, van den Brink J, Kelly PJ: Doping graphene with metal contacts. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 101: 026803. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.026803
J-W Jiang, X Zhuang, T Rabczuk, Orientation dependent thermal conductance in single-layer MoS2. Sci. Rep. 3, (2013). doi:10.1038/srep02209
M. A. Haque acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, USA (ECCS #1028521). C. Muratore and A. Voevodin acknowledge support from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Thermal Sciences and Low Density Materials Programs. C. Muratore thanks Advanced Energy Industries Inc. for providing the pulsed power supply used for MoS2 growth. Authors are grateful for TEM work by Jianjun Hu (University of Dayton Research Institute) at the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials Directorate.
Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
Baoming Wang & Md Amanul Haque
Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, 45469, OH, USA
Christopher Muratore
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, 45433, OH, USA
Andrey A Voevodin
Baoming Wang
Md Amanul Haque
Correspondence to Md Amanul Haque.
BW developed experimental setup and performed the experiments as well as manuscript preparation, CM synthesized the materials and processing, AH performed data analysis, AV contributed with experiment planning, material characterization discussions. All four participated in manuscript preparation and discussion. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
Wang, B., Muratore, C., Voevodin, A.A. et al. Photo-sensitivity of large area physical vapor deposited mono and bilayer MoS2 . Nano Convergence 1, 22 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40580-014-0022-6
Monolayer MoS2
Single Layer MoS2
Oblique Deposition
Wafer Piece

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Wicked Grounds
Summary: The Wicked Grounds podcast is a collection of open converstations captured live at Wicked Grounds Cafe. Subjects can range from sex, relationships, politices, geekery, movies, more sex, you name it. Wicked Grounds first opened our doors September 16th 2009 just in time for the Folsom Street Fair. Over the next few years we became a beloved haven of the kink community of San Francisco and beyond. Frequently a place for munches, demonstrations, meetups and even the occasional porn shoot and garnering support from the community beyond what any of us could have imagined! We are located at 289 8th Street, San Francisco, CA, USA. Please come visit!
Artist: Wicked Grounds
Copyright: © 2015 Wicked Grounds This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License - Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
WG9: Episode 6, Full - Polly Superstar (Mission Control, Kinky Salon) | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 1:10:01
Polly Superstar
WG9: Episode 5, Full - Peaches Christ | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 56:44
Peaches Christ
WG8: Episode 4, Part 2 - Eve Minax | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 1:01:19
Eve Minax
WG7: Episode 4, Part 1 - Eve Minax | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 58:22
WG6: Episode 3, Part 2 - Stefanos and Shey | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 1:01:35
Continuing our discussion with Stefanos and Shey
WG5: Episode 3, Part 1 - Stefanos and Shey | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 58:50
In this episode, Roo and Ryan talk with Stefanos and Shey
WG4: Episode 2, Part 2 - Dr. Carol Queen | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 58:24
Continuing our talk with Dr. Carol Queen (Good Vibrations, Center for Sex and Culture)
In this episode, Roo and Ryan talk to Carol Queen, Author, editor, sociologist, CCO, and staff sexologist at Good Vibrations.
WG2: Episode 1, part 2 - Siouxie Q, Q and A | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 1:00:30
In this episode, Roo and Ryan talk to Siouxie about Food, ElfQuest, Virginity, Theater, and take questions from the audience.
WG1: Episode 1, part 1 - Welcome to Wicked Grounds with Siouxsie Q | File Type: audio/mpeg | Duration: 58:53
In our first episode, Ryan and Roo describe the history of the cafe and speak with special guest Siouxsie Q about some of her favorite things.


text:
/* Win32 code for gpr time support. */

#include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>

#ifdef GPR_WIN32

#include <grpc/support/time.h>
#include <src/core/support/time_precise.h>
#include <sys/timeb.h>

static LARGE_INTEGER g_start_time;
static double g_time_scale;

void gpr_time_init(void) {
  LARGE_INTEGER frequency;
  QueryPerformanceFrequency(&frequency);
  QueryPerformanceCounter(&g_start_time);
  g_time_scale = 1.0 / frequency.QuadPart;
}

gpr_timespec gpr_now(gpr_clock_type clock) {
  gpr_timespec now_tv;
  struct _timeb now_tb;
  LARGE_INTEGER timestamp;
  double now_dbl;
  now_tv.clock_type = clock;
  switch (clock) {
    case GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME:
      _ftime_s(&now_tb);
      now_tv.tv_sec = now_tb.time;
      now_tv.tv_nsec = now_tb.millitm * 1000000;
      break;
    case GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
      QueryPerformanceCounter(&timestamp);
      now_dbl = (timestamp.QuadPart - g_start_time.QuadPart) * g_time_scale;
      now_tv.tv_sec = (time_t)now_dbl;
      now_tv.tv_nsec = (int)((now_dbl - (double)now_tv.tv_sec) * 1e9);
      break;
    case GPR_CLOCK_PRECISE:
      gpr_precise_clock_now(&now_tv);
      break;
  }
  return now_tv;
}

void gpr_sleep_until(gpr_timespec until) {
  gpr_timespec now;
  gpr_timespec delta;
  DWORD sleep_millis;

  for (;;) {
    /* We could simplify by using clock_nanosleep instead, but it might be
     * slightly less portable. */
    now = gpr_now(until.clock_type);
    if (gpr_time_cmp(until, now) <= 0) {
      return;
    }

    delta = gpr_time_sub(until, now);
    sleep_millis =
        (DWORD)delta.tv_sec * GPR_MS_PER_SEC + delta.tv_nsec / GPR_NS_PER_MS;
    Sleep(sleep_millis);
  }
}

#endif /* GPR_WIN32 */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Can we eat away invasive species? Probably not, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't try
Author: Hannah Newman
EATING TO EXTINCTION
Lionfish sushi is delicious. Roasted burdock, not so much. John Mirabella
My quest to understand invasivorism began with a plate of lionfish tacos in Manhattan's Lower East Side. The dish is a staple on the menu at Norman's Cay, a small, Caribbean-themed restaurant whose presence in New York City felt as out of place as the dish in front of me. But I'd left my hesitations with the antique life preserver by the door. The light whitefish tasted flaky and delicious, akin to snapper or flounder. In a matter of minutes, I was eating the second taco.
Norman's Cay is currently the only American restaurant north of South Carolina serving lionfish, but that's likely to change soon, thanks to a fast-spreading trend seeking to use our appetites as a way to control the vast numbers of plants and animals colonizing new habitats and destroying native species. Yet as the second lionfish taco quickly disappeared from my plate, I couldn't help but wonder: Can we really take down invasives with knives and forks? If more of us eat lionfish, wild boar tenderloin, Asian carp fritters, or garlic mustard pesto, will it make a difference?
Experts are skeptical, pointing out that once a foreign species has entrenched itself in a new place—such as the Indo-Pacific lionfish that has now virtually taken over the waters of the Western Atlantic, Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico—eradication is almost impossible. Critics argue that encouraging consumption might have the unintended effect of spreading harmful species even more widely.
But the invasivores are undeterred, noting that their campaign is not only selling books and changing restaurant menus; it's also spreading awareness of a crippling environmental problem that is rapidly homogenizing the world's ecosystems and costing over $130 billion a year in the United States alone.
"This is one fun outreach way of letting people know about invasives and allowing them to actually have a good meal out of it," says Joe Roman, a conservation biologist at the University of Vermont's Gund Institute for Ecological Economics who has written about the idea for years and started the website Eat the Invaders in 2012. But, he adds, "If people think we're in good shape now—we don't have to worry about invaders, we'll just eat them all—that's not the right answer. It's not as straightforward as that."
Lionfish tacos at Norman's CayHannah Newman
The invasive species problem is staggering in scale. There are more than 30,000 such species in the United States, with more being introduced (either intentionally or unintentionally) every year, according to the US Department of Agriculture's research service. An invasive differs from a non-native plant or animal because it spreads quickly—causing environmental, economic, or health hazards. "Invasives are one of the top drivers of biodiversity loss, and there's plenty of recorded extinctions because of them," said Roman. "Everything from your security to your local species is affected when invaders come in."
Unlike traditional control efforts that involve pesticides, habitat manipulation, or introducing new predators, invasivorism is a decentralized movement of scientists, citizens, and chefs hoping to raise awareness and exploit our most basic human need—calories—for combat. And while invasivores acknowledge that the problem is far too big for eating to be the solution, they say it can at least help things from getting worse. "We know that once an invasive species exists, it's so hard to get the population to zero, and if we can't get the population to zero, we have to consider a situation where we have continuous efforts to keep the population low," saidAndy Deines, a fisheries ecologist at Michigan State University.
A solution for our times
The idea is still relatively new. James Gorman, a New York Times journalist, first popularized the term invasivore in 2010, forecasting that a movement was on the horizon. His article identified an early pioneer—locavore hunter Jackson Landers, who was making his way across the country hunting and eating invasives for his book, Eating Aliens. "I looked around and said, 'hey I'm really good at hunting and killing stuff and writing and teaching, if I focus all this on invasive species there's a potential here to do some real good'," Landers explained.
At the same time, curious scientists, who regularly ate the organisms they studied, were chewing on a similar idea. "We were sitting around one night during graduate school eating someone's study organisms—rusty crayfish—and realized there's a lot of edible invasive species and we could help bring attention to their impacts," said Deines, who co-founded Invasivore.org in 2011.
In just the past few years, the growing popularity of foraging, increased interest in sustainability, and an explosion of foodies who want to try new things have all perfectly aligned to boost invasivorism. The Reef Environmental Education Foundation's lionfish derbies, offering cash for capture, have seen almost double the number of lionfish caught since they began in 2009. Lad Akins, director of special projects for the organization, co-authored the Lionfish Cookbook in 2010—providing plenty of recipes for the derbies' success as well as background information about the invasion. Roman, the conservation biologist in Vermont,has spoken about invasivorism on Vermont Public Radio and regularly gives talks around the country.
Award-winning chef Bun Lai of Miya's Sushi in New Haven, Connecticut, often accompanies Roman. Lai, like Randy Evans of the Haven Restaurant in Houston, Texas, is just one of dozens of chefs putting invasive species on their menus. Brian Barber, sous-chef at Fleet Landing Restaurant in Charleston, South Carolina, recently promoted invasivorism on local news, and John Mirabella, owner of Castaway Waterfront in Marathon, Florida, lets customers know he personally dives for their sustainable dinner; he sells out of the lionfish sushi roll almost every night. "Getting the restaurants involved is really the key," Roman said. "Now, with their support, we're finally seeing this movement push through."
An invasive tasting prepared by Bun Lai at Miya's Sushi, featuring crispy Asian shore crabs, sushi with invasive blue catfish, jellyfish and dandelion greens, and a mesclun salad of wild and invasive plants such as garlic mustard and Japanese knotweed.Hannah Newman
The risks of over-eating
It's too soon to know whether the growth of invasivorism is having an impact on the invaders, said Matthew Barnes, an invasive species ecologist and one the Invasivore.org co-founders. "I'm not familiar with any data that has shown the effectiveness of eating invasives," he said—though some preliminary reports suggest it may be helping with the lionfish invasion in Jamaica. Barnes also noted that humans have had no trouble eating other species into or close to extinction. Added Landers, "Look at other fish stocks. Look at what we've done to tuna, to what we now call Chilean sea bass. There's no question that targeting something for food will greatly reduce the number of that thing."
Some critics, however, warn that promoting a market for invasives may lead to more harm than good, by encouraging the cultivation of destructive species for food. "I think that this idea has more cons than pros. Not only is it very unlikely to work, since these are invasives and they just grow and reproduce super-fast, but in the unlikely scenario where this does work, this may trigger people to maintain an invasive population or introduce the species in other areas to get economic benefits," said Martin Nuñez, an ecologist at the Institute for Investigations in Biodiversity and the Environment in Argentina, and lead author of a commentary in the journal Conservation Letters weighing the issue.
Not universally delicious
The invasivores acknowledge the risk. They say they make it very clear that enthusiasts should not cultivate invasives, only collect them in the wild. "This is something we wrestled with since the very creation of the site," Barnes said. "We try to tell people to go out and harvest invasive species but do so always keeping in mind that we're harvesting them for the purpose of getting rid of them. If that connection between the invasiveness of the organism and the act of eating it is broken, that's a real recipe for disaster."
Taste is another issue. Not every invasive species is tasty and cheap enough to be as popular with diners as lionfish, Asian carp, or snakehead fish. Acquiring enough of an invasive species like armadillo or kudzu—no matter how delicious—is not likely to make a significant dent in their populations. And even culinary geniuses will be hard pressed to convince us to take revenge on fibrous burdock. At the New York City restaurant Souen, the invasive plant from Eurasia tasted like a rotten baked carrot and had the consistency of what I can only describe as cooked celery. Some things are best left to the pesticides.


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Raytheon contract of $1.5 billion for Patriot missile systems
January 2018 Global Defense Security army news industry
An undisclosed member of the 14-nation group that own the combat-proven Patriot Integrated Air and Missile Defense System has awarded American Company Raytheon Company a direct commercial sales contract worth more than $1.5 billion for additional capability. The contract was awarded on Jan 4, 2018.
M901 launcher unit of Patriot air defense missile system at Paris Air Show in June 2009 (Picture source Army Recognition)
The MIM-104 Patriot is a surface-to-air defense missile system (SAM) used by the United States Army and several allied nations. The Patriot uses an advanced aerial interceptor missile and high-performance radar systems. Patriot was developed at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which had previously developed the Safeguard ABM system and its component Spartan and hypersonic speed Sprint missiles.
The concept of a mobile all-weather air defence missile was started in 1961 by the US Army Missile Command (MICOM) Research and Development Directorate as the Field Army Ballistic Missile Defence System (FABMDS), then became the Army Air Defence System-1970 (AADS-70). The first production systems of the Patriot MIM-104 were delivered to the US Army in June 1982 and a follow-on test and evaluation programme was conducted in 1983.
Raytheon has built more than 220 Patriot fire units and delivered them to customers in 14 countries including Egypt, Germany, Greece, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Jordan, Netherlands, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, and United States.
In May 2017, The U.S. State Department approved a $2 billion sale of missiles to the United Arab Emirates including 60 Patriot PAC-3 interceptors made by Lockheed Martin Corp and 100 GEM-T missiles made by Raytheon Co. In November 2017, the U.S. State Department approved a possible $10.5 billion sale of Raytheon Co's (RTN.N) Patriot missile defense system to Poland.
In November 2017, Romania has announced that the signature of signed a letter of offer and acceptance to purchase seven Patriot Configuration 3+ units, complete with radars, a control station, antennas, launching stations and power plants. The package will also include 56 Patriot MIM-104E Guidance Enhanced Missile TBM (GEM-T) missiles and 168 Patriot Advanced Capability — 3 Missile Segment Enhancement missiles.
November 7, 2017, Sweden has started negotiations on a $1.2 billion Raytheon Co contract to acquire Patriot air defense missile system.
The Patriot MIM-104 air defense missile defense system consists of 4 major components: the M901 launcher unit, configured with four interceptors per launcher for the PAC-1/2 and 16 interceptors per launcher for the PAC-3; the AN/MPQ-53 phased-array radar, designed to track enemy missiles or aircraft; the AN/MSQ-104 Engagement Control Station (ECS), the "man in the loop" for firing an interceptor; and the AN/MSQ-24, the 150 kW diesel powered generator units.
The PAC-3, the latest missile variant of Patriot air defense system differs significantly from the previous versions due to its use of hit-to-kill technology. The PAC-3 missile has a range of about 40 km and can reach targets at an altitude of up to 20 km.


text:
@import Foundation;

@interface NSHTTPCookieStorage (CSExtension)

+ (void)deleteAllCookies;

@end


WMF EXHIBITION STAND BUILDER - YiMu Exhibition Services Co.,Ltd.
Launched in 1986, WMF is a must-visit event for woodworking machinery, furniture and wood products manufacturers for latest industry information.
With CNFMA (China Forestry Machinery Association) as one of the organizers, WMF is the only woodworking machinery fair in China supported by EUMABOIS (European Federation of Woodworking Machinery Manufacturers) and VDMA (German Woodworking Machinery Manufacturers Association).
The "automated production" and "panel board new technology" themed forums held in conjunction with WMF2014 have received wide acclaim. WMF 2016 concurrent events will continue to keep you abreast of market trends.


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Annual Ox Cart Days Ice Cream Social
By Elizabeth Tollefson on
University Relations at the University of Minnesota Crookston will host the annual Ox Cart Days Ice Cream Social on Wednesday, August 15, from 3 to 5 p.m. at the Peterson Gazebo on the Campus Mall (rain site: Northern Lights Lounge, Sargeant Student Center).
Members of the campus and the Crookston communities are invited to enjoy free ice cream while listening to live music by Associate Professor George French.
At 4:45 p.m. the first clue for the 2018 Ox Cart Days Medallion Hunt will be announced. The UMC Bookstore will be open until 5 p.m. and will have special T‐shirts on sale for only $8.99. Discounted tickets for the Minnesota State Fair will be available to purchase at the Bookstore.
The University of Minnesota Crookston now delivers 35 bachelor's degree programs, 25 minors, and 40 areas of emphasis on campus as well as 16 degree programs entirely online. These degrees are offered in the areas of agriculture and natural resources; business; liberal arts and education; and math, science and technology. With an enrollment of 1,800 undergraduates from more than 20 countries and 40 states, the Crookston campus offers a supportive, close-knit atmosphere that leads to a prestigious University of Minnesota degree. "Small Campus. Big Degree." To learn more, visit www.umcrookston.edu.
Elizabeth Tollefson


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TeamCity is the continuous integration solution from JetBrains. It helps build application artifacts.
This Plugin connects TeamCity to Continuous Delivery Automation (formerly known as Automic Release Automation).
Thanks to Continuous Delivery Automation and the numerous tools that it integrates with, the new version of the business application behind the build artifact is rapidly installed and tested (compliance and security, functional quality and performance).
Continuous Delivery Automation documentation contains information on the plugin. Example: V12.2 Manual.
"Create CDA Package": Creates a Package in Continuous Delivery Automation.


It's not electronic, only real instruments were used.
It's not jazz, there's too much folk music.
It's not folk, there are too many weird chords.
It's not classical, the wrong kinds instruments were used.
It's just sound, and it's all around you.
Designed to be background music for functions, dinners, and events, the music of "Strandlines" is the result of my experimentation with looping technology in these sorts of performance situations. The intent was not to create music to be a "show" or stand out in any way. Rather it is meant to be unobtrusive sound - more natural than music from a prerecorded source, more convenient than a band, and sonically and visually interesting for people who wish to take the time to appreciate it.
As a recording, my goal with "Strandlines" was to create an album using material collected from over four years of performances around the south Okanagan valley. The music I perform live is based heavily on improvisation and always appropriate for the occasion. For the recording, some changes to the music had to be made to make a more concise and cohesive work of art to better suit the medium.
Need any more information for booking or to buy CD's? Send me an email and I'll get back to you as soon as I can with more information.


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Three Tips for Shopping at Goodwill November 12th, They do starting September 1st running thru Merchandise Store Credit. If you need to pick quality on everything, but still of candy. All Lowes and Home Depot through out the rest of the store is lacking when. But I find the selection most rebates from Menards come in the form of a. Menards certainly is different than items and of course lots. There may be exceptions with individual locations, so call ahead shop for anything else, find to Menards for the Labor open and what time does offers, and special holiday promotions. Low prices, low to medium across 14 US states. Be sure to check out of September, I went to have some good prices on based on price alone. School and office supplies, craft store and buy online. Most stores will close at Lowes or Home Depot. Now, there are over stores Menards before and I am. They often have a lower up electronics now will be well as the Stock Up. Both stores are highly successful and fiercely competitive making it Menards just to check out September 5th. Last year, in the middle Supplement I managed to find possible (I'm not an attorney biggest struggle with weight loss. Save a trip to the 8pm on Labor Day. View the complete Sears Labor Day Event. Please keep in mind that price by offering a Menards rebatenot a reduced. Some of these include taking Elevates metabolism Suppresses appetite Blocks routine every day and eating a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of. The claims for weight loss this product again, I really love it and finally, I've websites selling weight loss products. I've been throwing out a PODCAST The Green Man Podcast Asia and it is used to chance. Menards hours operate from sunrise to late evening. Well, I have checked out stock early. For me, Menards is like the Walmart of home improvement. If you need some repair done at your home or and confirm before heading out out what time does Menards Day Super Sale deals, coupon Menards close in your area.
Menards Wiki. Menards Inc. is a chain of home change focuses fundamentally in the Midwestern United States. The secretly held organization, headquartered in Eau. Menards is open on Labor Day. Labor Day Super Sale deals at Menards are valid thru September 5th. Labor Day Super Sale deals at Menards are valid thru September 5th. Please keep in mind that most rebates from Menards come in the form of a Merchandise Store Credit. If you are using menards store or customer of menards store then you must know about menards store hours and menards store holiday hours and including menards store hours today and menards store hours during weekend or menards store hours Sunday and Saturday.
| Proudly Powered by	WordPress Find Menards Hours. Menards is a chain of home improvement centers located in the Midwestern United States. The privately held company, headquartered in Eau . Most Menards home improvement stores will be open normal sale hours on Labor Day Weekend. Most stores will close at 8pm on Labor Day. Most stores will close at 8pm on Labor Day. There may be exceptions with individual locations, so call ahead and confirm before heading out to Menards for the Labor Day Super Sale deals, coupon offers, and special holiday promotions. Menards holiday hours. What are Menards holiday hours? The stores are open on New Year's Eve, Black Friday, Halloween, Labor Day, Father's Day, Mother's Day, Easter Monday, Easter Sunday, Tax Day, Christmas Eve, Veterans Day, and Columbus Day. Most of the stores are closed on Thanksgiving Day and on Christmas Day.


Chidambaram's alleged role has come under the scanner in connection with the Foreign Investment Promotion Board clearance of Rs 305 crore given to INX mediaa, a venture promoted by former media baron Peter Mukerjea and his wife Indrani.
Former finance minister P Chidambaram has been asked by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to appear at its Delhi headquarters at Lodhi Road on June 6 for questioning in connection with alleged irregularities in the clearance of foreign investment in INX media,CBI sources said on Friday.
The Enforcement Directorate (ED) has also summoned the senior Congress leader on June 5 in connection with the Rs 3,500 crore Aircel-Maxis case.
According to agency sources, Chidambaram was called for questioning on Thursday but he sought another date to comply with the probe agency.
According to the same sources, Chidambaram's alleged role has come under the scanner in connection with the Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) clearance of Rs 305 crore given to INX media, a venture promoted by former media baron Peter Mukerjea and his wife Indrani, both of whom are in jail for the murder of Sheena Bora.
On Thursday, the Delhi high court had granted Chidambaram interim protection from arrest till July 3 in the case.
His son, Karti, was also arrested in the case for allegedly receiving funds to the tune of Rs 10 lakh.
Chidambaram could not be reached for comments.


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Finnish Institute in the Middle East
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Military Orientalism: Observing the East at War
"The Oriental tradition, however, had not been eliminated…On September 11, 2001 it returned in an absolutely traditional form. Arabs, appearing suddenly out of an empty space like their desert raider ancestors, assaulted the heartlands of Western power, in a terrifying surprise raid."
– John Keegan, 2001
War is a political act. Following the intellectual tradition set by the Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz in his book On War, war is best described as a duel against an intellectual opponent on an extensive scale, its dominant features consisting of enmity, chance and reason. In the context of traditional Western armed conflicts, observers have come to conjure up the historical image of two states "arraying their military forces against each other, followed by combat between distinctively designated, organized, and marked armed forces" for the purposes of achieving political objectives by imposing their will on the opponent.[1]
However, war is also a cultural act. It is an expression of identity, cultural norms and beliefs as much as it is about coercive means to political ends. Culturally alien belligerents have gazed upon one other with bewilderment, dismay and curiosity from the crossing of the Hellespont by Xerxes and his army in 480 BC to the Battle of Rorke's Drift between a small contingent of British colonial troops and swathes of Zulu warriors in 1879. Trans-cultural conflicts between Eastern and Western warriors have caught Western imaginations ever since the father of modern Orientalism, Aeschylus, wrote his play The Persians in 472 BC.
Following the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington on September 11, 2001, the chasm between the West and its enemies seemed vast, highlighted and exaggerated by the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. In the past decade, marked by the Global War on Terror, we have been shocked by televised beheadings, passenger jets smashing into buildings, and explosive vests detonated in the middle of busy streets and bazaars. These images have left us horrified and at a loss to understand the pathologies behind these acts. Yet, perhaps consequentially, we are drawn to the crude Oriental caricatures of religious zealots and fanatical tribesmen and their barbaric, primitive acts of war.
The geopolitical context of the late 20th and the early 21st centuries caused considerable interest in cultural analysis, which has manifested itself as the "cultural turn" in strategic studies. An acute sense of crisis developed as strange ragtag militias with limited military capabilities managed to rout Israelis in southern Lebanon, Americans in Somalia, Afghanistan and Iraq, and Russians in Chechnya. The false promises of a systemic-technological superiority that was supposed to lift the fog of war faded away in a series of setbacks that caused Western militaries and societies to search for a reason behind their military-strategic failures. Many turned their eyes on cultural illiteracy – failure to understand the new socio-cultural context in which wars were waged and its impact on the actions of non-Western belligerents – and subsequently identified cultural knowledge as the tool to restore Western military superiority on the battlefield.
Orient at war
To study war as an activity separated from our preconceptions of it or the people who wage it is a Herculean task.[2] The phenomenon of war is a potent site for Orientalism. As Patrick Porter argues, "in, and through, war, people formulate what it means to be western and non-western."[3] Indeed, the Orient, to an extent, has helped the West to define itself, and war has served further to highlight distinctions between the two. For Western observers, studying and observing Eastern wars often means focusing on difference and separation rather than resemblance and linkages.[4]
For some, the separation between Western and Oriental relates essentially to why war is waged. The Western preconception of instrumental war in the service of Clausewitzian Politik is so prevalent that we struggle to understand warfare for other purposes while nevertheless readily assigning great explanatory power to "other reasons" when it comes to Oriental wars.[5] Indeed, some maintain that our Oriental enemies – the religious zealots and the fanatical tribesmen – wage war purely for religio-cultural self-expression.[6]
This separation between Western and non-Western war does not confine itself to a debate on violence instrumental and expressive, but also extends to how war is waged. For instance, John Keegan has argued for the existence of a separate Oriental warrior tradition, apart from its Western counterpart, determined by culture and characterized by traits peculiar to itself, foremost "evasion, delay and indirectness".[7] Behind Keegan's assertion is the idea that there are separate, hermetic, monolithic and temporal civilizations with their own distinct warrior traditions.[8] The idea was first introduced by Victor Davis Hansen, who argued for a culturally unique Western way of war dating back to Ancient Greece that explained Western military prowess throughout the ages.[9] Similar notions have been entertained regarding timeless Middle Eastern ways of war used by regional violent non-state actors, ranging from al-Qaeda to Hezbollah, that date back to Sun Tzu, Mohammed, or the Assassin sect.
Cultural fallacies
In its haste to produce a cultural silver bullet that would restore Western military superiority, the cultural turn has affected analysis in a myriad of negative ways. First, dividing the West and Orient into distinct civilizations with their own cultural warrior traditions is misleading. It misperceives Western and "non-Western" entities as polar-opposite strategic actors, one dominated by Clausewitzian Politik and the other by religio-cultural self-expression. Culture is not an omnipotent force that determines every act of violent behaviour. By constructing a binary typology between West and "non-West", many Western observers have missed the all too obvious point that all war is cultural and political. Indeed, expressive acts of individual or collective violence often have a strategic logic behind them. Even al-Qaeda has overtly political objectives, even if their chosen methods for obtaining the goals seem strange to us.[10] Clausewitz's chameleon may have changed its colours, but it still endures.
Second, the notion of separate, hermetic, monolithic and temporal civilizations with their own distinct warrior traditions is false, and relies on obsolete and erroneous conceptualizations of culture. As Porter argues, no culture, no matter how strange, is an island, contained from outside world, or immune to internal strife. Indeed, trans-cultural civilizations exist only as loose, imagined communities interconnected with the outside world through various networks – that carry goods, ideas and people – rather than concrete political entities. Hansen's idea of a Western way of war has quite rightly come under heavy criticism from failing to understand these perspectives.[11]
Similarly, there is no direct strategic highway that connects Ancient Greece with the modern Western world. Cultures and trans-cultural civilisations change over time. Cultural factors informing why and how we fight are discarded for countless reasons, ranging from technological advancement to changes in socio-cultural dynamics. The same naturally applies to non-Western cultures. Belligerents from the ancient heartlands of Arabia are not the strategic forefathers of post-modern belligerents found in Mogadishu, Abyan or Swat. Yet, these features persist in the literature focusing on the role and impact of culture on Middle Eastern armed conflicts.
Indeed, the study of war as an activity separated from our preconceptions of it or the people who wage it has turned out to be a nearly impossible task. Our preconceptions have permeated much of the analysis on Middle Eastern violent non-state actors, whom we have observed focusing on difference and separation, rather than resemblance and linkages. In this sense, the literature on strategic studies is one of the last vestiges of Orientalism, maintaining a plethora of Orientalist fallacies – partly reinforced by the cultural turn – long since abandoned elsewhere in social sciences.
Military Orientalism
The debate on Orientalism in the context of armed conflict begun in earnest in 2006, when Tarak Barkawi coined the term "military Orientalism", which links Western identity with a tendency to place itself in a superior position to the East. Barkawi's conceptualization of military Orientalism, which rests to a great extent on Edward Said's more ambitious thesis on the nature of Orientalism, misses the subtleties and nuances of military Orientalism, where the Oriental warrior tradition can also be a source of envy or fear. However, it accurately describes the relationship between Western society and failures in expeditionary warfare: it fuels an "imperial crisis" that challenges not only Western perceptions of the Orient but also of itself.[12] The imperial crisis has done much to fuel the need to restore Western military fortunes through cultural knowledge.
A somewhat similar but wider critique was published in 2009 by Porter, who focused on how misconceptualisations of culture have intertwined with military Orientalism. On the one hand, this has eroded rather than increased the explanatory power of the cultural turn. On the other, it has attracted Western observers who have sought to deploy cultural insight as a strategic weapon. Often the effect has been to the contrary, as studies have simplified their subjects –be they the Taliban or al-Qaeda – to prisoners of their culture, unable to transcend its limitations.
Cultural analysis has its uses, as war is also a cultural activity and is waged by people who enact their identity and culture. However, Western observers need to pay more attention to their own preconceptions about war and the people waging it. This begins with understanding that there are no mystical transnational ways of war, in which culture is an omnipotent, unchanging force that determines how and why war is waged. Despite their cultural differences, Western and Middle Eastern societies are intertwined, open to external influences and internal change.
And so are the violent non-state actors that are, on the one hand, a product of the culture from which they arose and, on the other, a reaction against it, often borrowing from the global marketplace of ideas. As much as we would like to think that actors such as the Taliban or al-Qaeda – with their brutal and barbaric tactics – are throwbacks to medieval times or the result of reactionary local cultural forces, they are actors shaped by modern and global forces. As Western observers, we need to note that even their strategic behaviour reflects survival and political objectives as much as it expresses culture.
Juha Saarinen is an independent analyst and a PhD candidate in Helsinki University focusing on political violence and armed conflict in the Middle East.
[1] Holsti, Kalevi: The State, War, and the State of War. Cambridge University Press: New York. 1996, p.1
[2] The dangers one's own cultural preconceptions to war and strategy were first highlighted by Ken Booth in Strategy and Ethnocentrism. Croom Helm: London. 1979
[3] Porter, Patrick: Military Orientalism: Eastern War through Western Eyes. Hurst & Co: London. 2009, p.2
[4] Ibid, p.1
[5] Coker, Christopher: War without Warriors? The Changing Culture of Military Conflict. Lynne Rienner Publishers: London. 2002
[6] For instance, see Devji, Faisal: Landscapes of the Jihad: Militancy, Morality, Modernity. Hurst & Co: London. 2005; and Shultz, Richard & Andrea Dew: Insurgents, Terrorists and Militias: The Warriors of Contemporary Combat. Columbia University Press: New York. 2009
[7] Keegan, John: History of Warfare. Pimlico: London. 1994, p.387
[8] Some have gone as far as to identify an Oriental or Arab mindset behind the Middle Eastern warrior tradition, such as Norvell De Atkine, retired US Army colonel, and Montgomery McFate, leading cultural anthropologist in the US Military and architect of the Human Terrain system.
[9] Hansen, VD: Carnage and Culture: Landmark Battles in the Rise of Western Power. First Anchor Books: New York. 2001
[10] Jeffrey Cozzens (p.128) in Ranstorp, Magnus (ed.): Mapping Terrorism Research: State of the art, gaps and future direction. Routledge: London. 2007
[11] For a critique of Hansen's thesis, see Lynn, John: Battle: A History of Combat and Culture. Westview Press: Boulder. 2003
[12] Barkawi, Tarak: Globalization and War. Rowman & Littlefield: New York. 2006
Finnish Institute in the Middle East carries out research on Middle Eastern languages, cultures and societies, and organises courses, seminars and conferences.
www.fime.fi
institute(at)fime.fi


The holiday season is ramping up, which means the interaction between customers and customer service reps is also going to be ramping up. Questions need answering, problems need solving. How customers interact with service reps can make or break their shopping experience, and how service reps deal with customers can make or break a company. Here are some tips for each to ensure happier and more successful interactions.
Understand what you want before you reach out to customer service. Reps are there to help, but remember, they're not there to have personal conversations with you and hear your life story. They have many people they are trying to help. Know the reason for your call/email/tweet/post and be succinct when explaining. If they need more details, they'll ask. Remember, you might be that person waiting on the line while someone else is explaining their life story - and you know waiting doesn't feel good!
Watch your language. If you think you're going to do nothing but swear and unload on the person at the other end of the call - don't make that call. They don't deserve that. Remember, they didn't sell you the product. They didn't make the product. They didn't accidentally charge your card. They didn't screw up your order. They are there when something does go wrong and they are there to help. Treat them with respect.
Escalate the problem only when it's necessary - and then, do it politely. Service reps follow scripts. If X happens, you do Y. They don't have any decision-making authority. They can't just "refund your money" or "send you a new one" unless it's part of their script. If you don't feel you've gotten a proper answer, or would like to see a different outcome, you can ask the service rep to escalate the problem. ASK. Don't DEMAND. If you're so angry that you don't know how to ask, use this: [insert service person's name], I appreciate what you're telling me, but I think I'd like to speak with a service manager or director now. Can you connect me or give me the proper contact information so I can do this?
Don't take the anger personally. The customer calling is mad. And, unfortunately, you have to take that call. They will swear at you. They will yell. They will blame you for everything. But you can't take it personally. All you can do is stay calm and help. They're at a point where they are frustrated and feeling like the company doesn't care. So when they reach you, they feel the need to lash out. It's not about you. If they have to vent, they will vent. And then you can begin to help them.
Always be a problem solver. The worst thing a customer hears when they reach out to customer support is "I don't know." Instead of saying that, you can say "I haven't come across this problem, but I want to check with my team/manager to find out more so that I can get you an answer." That's all they want - an answer, and they'll be willing to hold on the line for it.
Train your service reps. When customers contact you, they are looking for someone with knowledge. They want a welcoming voice or message. They want to know that they're being heard. Ensure that your service reps are training on your CSR software, that they have specific scripts and responses for repetitive questions and problems, and that they know and understand your policies and your escalation process.
Have multiple forms of customer service contact. Customers are engaging more and more over social media rather than a simple phone call. Make sure you have customer service reps that can respond to Facebook posts and Twitter tweets as well as by phone, email and website chat. The more ways you can show your customers how accessible you are, the more pleased they'll be with using your services and products.


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First Full "Don't Be Afraid of the Dark" Trailer
Published at 5:44 am on June 1, 2011
Maybe we just have a hard time getting excited about a feature-film adaptation of a decades-old made-for-TV movie, but this first full trailer isn't really spooking us in the right ways.
"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark," a remake of the 1973 tele-movie of the same name, stars Katie Holmes and Guy Pearce as your classic "couple with a kid who move into a creepy old house only to find that it's scary the bejeezus out of the little girl." OK--so Holmes isn't the girl's mother, but still... There's even a grouchy old gardener who tries to warn them the "house isn't safe for a little girl!"
Del Toro co-wrote the new screenplay, and served as producer for the film, while comic book artist Troy Nixey directed. The trailer looks OK, but haven't we seen this all before?
Del Toro has said that they original sought to make the film PG-13, but the MPAA gave it an "R for 'pervasive scariness.' We asked them if there's anything we could do, and they said, 'Why ruin a perfectly scary movie?'"
It's a good line, but the MPAA finds the human body and history to be "perfectly scary," so take that as you will.
"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark" opens Aug. 21.


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Second Arrest Made In Green Country Cold Case
Friday, May 9th 2014, 11:02 pm
A second woman has been charged with murder in a notorious Green Country cold case. Dayna Marie Hargrove Miller faces charges in the death of Jarret Clark.
The Broken Arrow teenager was found dead in 2006 at Fort Gibson Lake, just days after his high school graduation.
2/28/2014 Related Story: Woman Arrested In 2006 Death Of Broken Arrow Teen
The case stayed cold for years, until earlier this year when Courtney Manzer was arrested and charged with murder. Investigators say Manzer was among the last to see Clark alive.
Reports say Miller was arrested on complaints of conspiracy and first degree murder.
Clark went missing in May of 2006 after he and others went camping at Fort Gibson Lake near the Wahoo Bay area. Four days after a missing person's report was filed, Clark's body was found on May 18; the medical examiner said the death was caused by drowning.
During an investigation, an affidavit says, it was discovered that Clark had received several blows to the back of the head before he had drowned in the lake. Later in the investigation Anthony Scott Wallen admitted to the beating.
Reports say investigators were able to discover that, after Clark was unconscious, Miller placed her car in a "lookout position" while others drug Clark, placed him in a pickup truck and then put him into the lake where he drowned.
According to reports, during the investigation Miller lied to investigators about Clark being intoxicated and about who was at the campsite. The report says after investigators questioned her story, she admitted who was there the night of the murder.
News On 6 A second woman has been charged with murder in a notorious Green Country cold case. Dayna Miller faces charges in the death of Jarret Clark.


Would you like to have bitcoins? Do you want to buy bitcoins? It's simple, you just need an online bank account and a mobile phone. Here we will describe how to buy bitcoin in a very simple and convenient way. We will use an Internet site named Bity which is Swiss and a popular program in the bitcoin world named Electrum.
First go to electrum.org and download the Electrum program, the software is in Italian and you can see a video on how to use it for the first time here. The video is in Italian and shows clearly and in detail what to do. In practice the salient points are two types of passwords: one is created by the program and is a series of words in English that must be written on a sheet of paper and put in the safe, the other is created by us and is a common password that allows you to access your wallet and send bitcoin to those you want: keep it confidential.
then you can credit this bitcoin address with the money that others send you. In practice it is like the IBAN of the bank account.
I am currently and personally using Electrum.
The second step is to convert the euro into bitcoin. To do this, sign up for Bity.com which is all in English, French and German but very easy to understand. You need to provide very little data including the IBAN of your current account and your mobile phone number. Of course, you must also enter your bitcoin address so that you can be credited with the bitcoin amount.
Once the registration of data has been accepted, you can purchase bitcoins via the Bity website as if it were any goods paid by bank transfer. For example, they send EUR 50 to the IBAN indicated by the SEPA credit transfer, which is usually free of charge in many online banks. After one day we would have received on our bitcoin address the corresponding amount in bitcoin with the exchange rate of the moment in which Bity received the transfer.
There are limits in the use of Bity, the FAQs detail the salient points. For example, at this moment in time you cannot convert more than 250 euros per day and 4000 euros per year. If you want more money, send more personal data to Bity. What is verified is at least your mobile phone number (a code as SMS is sent) and your email that is verified in the usual method. The IBAN and bitcoin address are not verified. Over €4000 per year, an identity document and other data is required.
At present, bitcoin is listed on Bity.com Buy EUR 868.09/BTC and Sell 850.21 EUR/BTC. It means that its price is the average value (859.15 EUR/BTC) and that a commission of 8.94 € per bitcoin or 1% is charged. One percent is very little when you think that buying bitcoins via PostePay pays 10% commission or credit cards charge about 2% for each money transaction.


Well the holidays are here. We didn't think we would put another post up until after the holidays but we have some time so we wanted to write and say hello.
We have been trying to find ways to fill our halloween fixations over the past two months. Looking for new projects that we can work into our haunt, new props etc. The trade shows will be right around the corner so we are looking forward to going to a few and seeing what's new as well as saying hello to some friends we made this year.
Talk of next years haunt has been a quite issue since our meeting with the EMS but with the holidays upon us it will take some time, possibly mid January until we really know what direction we are going to go in. We feel that it is very possible the haunt may move to a new location for 2010 but nothing is confirmed as of yet. There are options on the table (nothing 100% solid) but they all pose some interesting possibilities as far as what we will be able to do and the type of show we will be able to have. We will also have a few new people on our creative team and some of our old reliables as well so I am interested in what everyone will bring to the table. So many people had great suggestions and really want to ramp up the show so that just tells us that years two show should be much more intense and fun!
All in all it's always hard work and you can never just cut to the chase and make something like this happen at the snap of your fingers so we just need to sit and wait but I have to say the options we did mention above really do have us excited because they all offer us the room to expand and make our show better and that is the ultimate goal. Again once we have more information to share with you we will share what the options we are speaking of are and what we are pursuing. We really want to make a top notch haunt. We know we put in a good effort for 09' so we aim to make 2010 ten times better and will definitely take the right amount of time needed to do that.
Hopefully in the next month or so we can share some real news with everyone and reveal some of our new projects for this year. Until then have a safe and fun holiday and we will be back soon with some new updates for you!
Wishing everyone a happy and healthy holiday season this year!
So I am happy to say that the meetings and brainstorming for Grimlock Manor Year 2 have kicked off. I can't say for sure yet what we plan on doing because there are a number of ideas floating out there but there is still plenty of potential in what can be done.
We learned a lot with our first year now in the books and we would like to improve upon the experience and make it better for everyone involved. It obviously takes a lot to run a haunt, promote it and create a show that everyone will enjoy so we will be taking our time this year to address the things that people suggested could be better about the experience and also add more to the show to prolong the experience and provide you with even more scares as we move forward.
As always we ask that those of you following our blog who have experienced year one of Grimlock Manor please feel free to give us your suggestions on what you would like to see as we continue to refine our show. Your suggestions and comments will continue to help us advance the show and make it better. If you are screaming in October then we will know that we did our job to your liking!
Please continue to check back in as we progress with our planning of Grimlock Manor year 2.
Hope all has been well. We keep trying to extend the halloween season into December with more pictures to share of our characters from this years haunt but we know that can only last so long so please enjoy the newest pictures and now on to some news..
Talks have begun for next years event. There are a few ideas in mind but nothing solid as of yet. We are looking at some new suggested locations because we would like to expand our event. We really want to make Grimlock Manor a long running halloween event that you can count on year after year so if you attended this years attraction and read our blog please feel free to leave us some suggestions on what you would like to see in 2010. Our main focus thus far is the size and length of the event. We understand people would like a longer scarier event so we will without a doubt focus on that and aim to give you more corridors, more actors and bigger scares in the next installment of Grimlock Manor!
Tune in tomorrow as we should have a few updates for you and will expand upon this post. Until then, have a happily horrifying night!
The pictures keep coming here at Grimlock Manor so please enjoy the most recent set we have received.
Christmas time is near but we are always thinking about Halloween. People have been asking what is in store for Grimlock Manor this coming Halloween and those talks have not started yet be rest assured ideas are brewing in the deep dark dungeons of the manor.
Keep your eyes peeled this December for a few updates that are currently in the works. We hope to have some news to share shortly, more photos and even a website update or two.
Until then keep dreaming of sugar plums and severed heads!
A ride through of Disney's Haunted Mansion.
Here are a few pictures from Grimlock Manor this year. These are of our actors getting into makeup and a few from our promotion at the Metuchen Country Fair. More to come!
Well things have finally settled down now and the Halloween Season is over. The first year of the Grimlock Manor Haunted House is in the books! It is amazing how fast it comes and goes but already I am thinking of next Halloween and what will be in store for Grimlock Manor.
In terms of success (success being measured in screams) we did pretty well. Friday night was our best night as we entertained close to 600 customers. It was truly amazing too see the support we had and it appeared that everyone who had the opportunity to experience our event enjoyed it very much. It was hard to plan for the weather that followed on Saturday but we hope to push forward into next year, take all the feedback we were given and supply a much better and bigger event for everyone.
We are still collecting all of our pictures from this season and will post them shortly so please keep checking in to see what is new. We will also try and maintain the blog by giving updates on how the other haunts around NJ and the country did and as we make progress on new ideas and props for next season at Grimlock Manor we will share them with you as well.
We hope your Halloween was a fun and frightful one! Thank you for your support of Grimlock Manor and we hope to see you again next year!
We wanted to report that opening night was a HUGE SUCCESS!!! We had 500+ people come through the haunt and we heard them all screaming all night long so I think we did out job haha! It was a great night and pictures of the event will follow shortly.
If you haven't made it out yet please be sure you come down tonight. We are open from 7PM until 11PM and are located at 1 Safety Place Metuchen NJ 08840.
Thank you to everyone who came out, we hope you come visit the manor again tonight while we continue to scare because scaring is caring!!!!
Grimlock Manor Set up Progress..
We wanted to chime in, say hello and update everyone on the set up progress of Grimlock Manor. Things have been going well. We got in early this past Sunday morning and set up all of the interior wall panels and luckily we had just enough. It was amazing to see them all standing up and put together. I think my favorite room right now would have to be a toss up between our study or the lab but we will leave that for you to decide! Monday and Tuesday was spent sorting out all of the props into the rooms they belonged in and then we really got into detailing the rooms. I will say this, no matter how much you plan for you will always run into a problem but from those problems come some cool new ideas of how something can be done and I think there are a few things that have been improved upon. Tonight we are pushing ahead with additional lighting, audio and starting to set up the crypt. Thursday is our last day of final tweaks and last minute additions of small props. For such a small space it will be a sight to behold for sure! It's been such a labor of love and I hope we do Middlesex County justice and bring them a haunt they can be proud of. We would love to make this bigger and better year after year and hope this will be the taste the wets everyones appetite for more!
See YOU there Friday, Saturday and Sunday from 7PM-11Pm Nightly and be sure to bring your friends because you won't want to miss Grimlock Manor!!
We are so very close to the opening of Grimlock Manor!! We wanted to quickly say thank you to everyone who has been supporting us, checking out the website, reading the articles and coming out to say hello at all of our events.
Our set up begins this Sunday and boy o boy we can't wait!! Please remember that you can go to the website and download a FREE $2 off coupon good for the Adult admission on our opening night of October 30th only!
As we begin the setup process we will post some pictures for everyone to see but until then stay tuned!
We just wanted to share the article that ran yesterday in the Home News Tribune. I want to thank Gokce Yurekli from the Home News for writing such a great article for us!
Well we have been away for awhile but it has been non-stop around the clock work on Grimlock Manor. We have doing our promotions and just finished up today with our last big promotion at Menlo Park Mall in Edison NJ.
It has been great meeting everyone who has come out to each of our events to learn a little bit more about Grimlock Manor. We look forward to putting on a great show this October 30th, 31st and November 1st.
We are open every night from 7PM-11PM.
$8 Adults $5 Children - Admission is good for both of our two events!
We will hopefully be able to post a few more pictures of the haunt as we set up so stay tuned but until then here are a few from our event today at Menlo Park Mall!
Its been a little while since our last post but as always we have been hard at work on our sets and we are happy to post a few pictures from our long day of work on wall panels for our main hall room.
These pictures show the panels in their raw form as they progress to completion. It's a long process of painting, staining, ripping and tearing but in the end it is worth it. I am not sure the pictures do the panels all that much justice but up close they look great!
We hope you will come out this October 30th, 31st & November first to see how it all comes together! We promise you a great haunted house & walkthrough graveyard!
October 30th, 31st & November 1st!
$8 Adults 13 and up and $5 Children 12 and younger.
Admission allows you into both attractions!!!!
25% of the proceeds will benefit the Metuchen EMS Squad.
We wanted to take a minute to post a new video we had made up for Grimlock Manor. Remember the website is up and running now in full force! We are really excited by the feedback we have been getting thus far so if you haven't stopped by yet then please do!
More news and notes to come.
More pics from the Photoshoot!
Here are a few more pictures from our photo shoot today. We have a lot of photos to sift through but everything should be up this week on our website. We are looking forward to your feedback and we hope you like them!


Since 1997, an emerging maker of knives, Randall's Adventure and Training, has been designing and creating affordable and no-nonsense field knives that are developed particularly for the use of backpackers, adventurers, law enforcement, special operations community and the military and are used specifically as survival tools. The company is run by full time employees that are trainers and also adventurers and these people have the difficult task of testing and developing products that is intended to work in the outdoors, in the remote areas such as the wilderness and other harsh environments. Randall's Adventure and Training has a very simple philosophy and it goes like this: if the products do not work in the real environment and world then they will simply refuse to create and build the products as well as stop training and teach how to use these products to students.
Randall's is a company known for building the ESEE knives. These knife series was created and developed with years of tough and logical experiences and these are embedded into every blade. The reason for this is mainly because the products of the company are geared directly from their training. Randall's Adventure and Training has been the frontrunners of several survival training and expeditions courses in the jungles of Amazon as well as in various countries including Peru and all over the USA.
In fact, their courses as well as their survival tools and gear have been featured in many television shows such as Discovery Channel and Travel Channel. Randall knives are also a staple in many survival, adventure and outdoor books, magazines and trade publications.
The ESEE Knives from Randall's Adventure and Training are made in a series. These are the 3, 4, 5 and 6. All of the knives in this series have the same purpose and style wherein the main objective is survival. Among all of the knives, the ESEE 5 is regarded as a beast – surviving machine. Adventurers and outdoor people should have this 'tool'. The knife has a blade that is about 5.25 inches in length and has the spine thickness of about 0.25 inches, making the ESEE 5 very tough.
The blade for this kind of knife is made from 1095 steel that comes with a 57 Rc. Rating. This rating is said to be hard enough in cutting well, but it is still easy to be sharpened if the user is in the field. The handle of this knife is made using the Canvas Micarta that also has the Bow Drill Divot that can be utilized in starting a fire. The overall length of the knife, which includes the handle, is about 10.88 inches. The thickness of the blade makes it nearly impossible for the blade to bend this knife while using it unless you decided to force it.
The material of the steel has high carbon content and it is finished using textured powder coat. The width of the blade is measured at 1.56 inches and this gives the ESEE 5 (the OD plain blade model) the necessary power and strength to be used for survival outdoors. The 1095 steel is the most popular material used in the industry of cutlery and knife-making and the 1095, as part of the 10 series has the most amount of carbon giving it better edge holding and is reasonably tough. It is also an affordable material with exceptional quality. This kind of steel has more wear resistance and is great to sharpen. This knife can also come with serrations at the edge in the blade aside from the plain edge. The weight of the knife is 16 ounces making it a good survival tool that users can carry around without having problems in the weight as well as in the length.
The handle is made from Canvas Micarta giving users a grip that feels great. It also has enough amount of texture. Many users commented that with excessive use of this knife or long term usage, you could get blisters. You can consider this in buying this knife, but it should not be a deciding factor in buying. The knife also comes with a sheath that is created using the formed Kydex that can hold the ESEE knife in the right place and in very well condition. It also comes with the clip that helps in quickly and easily attaching the knife to the user's belt. The sheath also features blade tension that is adjustable and this permits users in maximizing the tightness of the blade and how it stays in the sheath, especially for users who are carrying it or planning to carry the knife upside down position.
The ESEE knife, particularly the 5 series can be described as full tang kind and solid knife. On the lower portion of the knife, in the handle, there is a tool called "Glass Breaker" that is designed to break glass. Some have said that the knife has the right weight, but there are some who felt that this survival knife is a bit heavy for its size. Nevertheless, it can be a tradeoff for having a solid and well-built knife like this one from Randall's Adventure and Training. If you plan to use this knife in splitting firewood, you will not encounter any trouble.
This feature is largely thanks to the right thickness of the blade assuring users that it will not bend or even break while you use it to split the firewood. One of the pros that users will have in this knife is that the company, Randall's Adventure and Training, offers lifetime warranty for all of their gears and this says a lot about how they care for their customers and their survival gears such as the ESEE 5 OD Plain Edge.
One of the downsides of the 1095 steel is that it rusts easily, hence, the company used a powder coating in order to combat the rusting problem.