A method and apparatus for maintaining a substantially constant belt tension under changing temperature conditions is provided by a geometric layout of a motor, belt and pulley system and a selection of manufacturing materials for component parts having a predetermined relationship of thermal expansion coefficients between themselves.
4761154 August 1988 Beauchamp et al.
6158849 December 2000 Veciana et al.
Primary Examiner: Hannon; Thomas R.
1. A belt tensioner device comprising: a frame having an adjustable mount to a chassis; a pulley fork, biasingly mounted within the frame for selectively setting a predetermined belt tension; and a belt pulley mounted to the fork, wherein the frame and fork are co-associated and are fabricated of materials each having a complementary coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for counterbalancing respective displacements due to temperature excursions affecting the belt tension, wherein the device is for coupling a belt to a motor pulley shaft fixedly mounted on the chassis, wherein the chassis is fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.chassis, the frame is fabricated of a frame material having a CTE.sub.frame which is greater than CTE.sub.chassis and the pulley fork is fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.fork which is substantially less than the CTE.sub.chassis for a belt fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.belt which is negative and substantially less in magnitude than the CTE.sub.chassis.
2. The device as set forth in claim 1 wherein chassis and frame respective expansion and contraction (EC) are complementary such that during the temperature excursions the pulley fork moves the belt pulley inwardly or outwardly relative to the chassis, maintaining a predetermined tolerance such that a predetermined belt tension as initially set with the pulley fork bias remains substantially constant.
5. The device as set forth in claim 1, comprising: the device fabricated of materials having a CTE ratio of approximately 1/3 for fork material to frame material and a CTE ratio of approximately 2/1 for fork materials to chassis material.
6. A belt tensioner for an apparatus having a chassis with a belt drive motor affixed thereon for providing translational motion to a belt coupled thereto, wherein the chassis formed of a material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), comprising: first means for holding a belt pulley axle, the first means including means for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner to the chassis such that the belt is in tension between the belt drive motor and the belt pulley and such that material expansion and contraction (EC) of the first means due to thermal expansion and contraction is diametrically opposed to material EC of the chassis, wherein the first means formed of a material having a second CTE and wherein the first CTE and the second CTE are related in proportion to a ratio of a linear distance between the motor and the means for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner and the distance between the pulley axle and the means for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner such that EC of each is in substantially identical proportion to the ratio; and mounted in a movable relationship to the first means, second means for holding the belt pulley axle, wherein the second means is captured by the first means and the second means is formed of a material having a third CTE wherein the third CTE is substantially lower than the first CTE and the second CTE such that the second means is substantially unaffected during material EC of the chassis and the second means.
7. An ink-jet printhead scanning carriage drive belt tensioner subsystem for a drive motor and carriage drive belt system, wherein the drive motor is mounted in a first position on a chassis, comprising: a belt pulley having an axis of rotation; frame means for positioning the belt pulley with respect to the motor, including fastening means for affixing the frame means to the chassis at a second position; and fork means for positioning the belt pulley on the frame means such that the belt pulley is between the first position and the second position and the belt is tensioned between the motor and the pulley; the chassis, the frame means, and the fork means each being fabricated of a material having a differing, compensating, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) characteristic such that material expansion and contraction (EC) of the chassis and the frame means is balanced wherein the axis of rotation remains in a substantially constant position with respect to the first position.
8. A method for maintaining a predetermined tension of a drive belt between a belt drive motor and a belt pulley, comprising the steps of: affixing the motor to a chassis at a first predetermined position using a mount having a known mount material coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE); affixing the pulley on a frame at a predetermined frame position, the frame having a known frame material CTE; affixing the frame to the chassis at a second predetermined position such that the predetermined tension is established and the pulley is located along a plan between the first predetermined position and the second predetermined position, wherein the length L.sub.2 of the frame and the length L.sub.3 of the fork is related to the frame material CTE and the fork material CTE, the chassis material CTE and length L.sub.1, and the belt CTE and length L.sub.Belt, wherein means for affixing the pulley on the frame comprises a material having an affixing means CTE substantially less than the frame material CTE such that substantially no material expansion and contraction (EC) is experienced by the means for affixing during proportional material EC of the mount and the frame.
9. The method as set forth in claim 8, comprising the step of: using materials having a CTE ratio of approximately 1/3 for fork material to frame material and a CTE ratio of approximately 2/1 for fork materials to chassis material.
10. An ink-jet hard copy apparatus, having a scanning carriage riding on a belt for translating at least one ink-jet writing instrument mounted on the carriage across adjacently positioned print media, comprising: an apparatus chassis, fabricated of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE.sub.chassis); a drive motor mounted to the chassis at a first position and driving a motor pulley; at a second position, a belt pulley mounted on a pulley frame by a pulley fork such that said belt is tensioned between said motor pulley and said belt pulley, wherein the pulley frame is fabricated of a frame material having a CTE.sub.frame which is greater than CTE.sub.chassis and wherein the pulley fork is fabricated as a fork material having a third CTE.sub.folk which is substantially less than the CTE.sub.chassis and the belt pulley axis during thermal excursions wherein the belt material CTE is non-affective as relative to the CTE.sub.fork, CTE.sub.chassis, CTE.sub.frame ; and wherein the pulley frame is affixed to the chassis proximate the second position such that a predetermined belt tension is established and maintained regardless of material expansion and contraction (EC) of the chassis and the frame such that there is substantially no center-center change between the motor pulley axis-of-rotation and the belt pulley axis-of-rotation.
11. The apparatus as set forth in claim 10, comprising chassis and frame EC are complementary such that during the temperature excursions the pulley fork moves the pulley inwardly or outwardly, maintaining a predetermined tolerance such that a predetermined belt tension as initially set with the pulley fork bias remains substantially constant.
13. The apparatus as set forth in claim 11, comprising: the frame is fabricated of a frame material having a CTE.sub.frame which is greater than CTE.sub.chassis, the pulley fork is fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.fork which is substantially less than the CTE.sub.chassis, and the belt is fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.belt which is negative and substantially less in magnitude than the CTE.sub.chassis such that there is substantially no effective net belt extension during thermal excursions and wherein the belt tension change is substantially eliminated.
15. The apparatus as set forth in claim 10, comprising: the fork, frame, and chassis being of materials having a CTE ratio of approximately 1/3 for fork material to frame material and a CTE ratio of approximately 2/1 for fork materials to chassis material.
16. A belt tensioner device, comprising: adjustably mountable frame for mounting to a chassis; pulley fork biasingly mounted within the frame; and belt pulley mounted to the fork wherein the frame and fork are co-associated and fabricated of materials each having a complementary coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) for counterbalancing respective displacements due to temperature excursions affecting belt tension, the device fabricated of materials having a CTE ratio of approximately 1/3 for fork material to frame material and a CTE ratio of approximately 2/1 for fork materials to chassis material.
The present invention relates generally to belt drives, more specifically to hard copy apparatus having a scanning carriage for translating writing instruments across print media and, more particularly, to a thermal compensation belt drive tensioner for a scanning ink-jet printer carriage.
The art of ink-jet technology is relatively well developed. Commercial products such as computer printers, graphics plotters, copiers, and facsimile machines employ ink-jet technology for producing hard copy. The basics of this technology are disclosed for example, in various articles in the assignee's Hewlett-Packard Journal, Vol. 36, No. 5 (May 1985), Vol. 39, No. 4 (August 1988), Vol. 39, No. 5 (October 1988), Vol. 43, No. 4 (August 1992), Vol. 43, No. 6 (December 1992) and Vol. 45, No.1 (February 1994) editions. Ink-jet devices are also described by W. J. Lloyd and H. T. Taub in Output Hardcopy [sic] Devices, chapter 13 (Ed. R. C. Durbeck and S. Sherr, Academic Press. San Diego, 1988).
FIG. 1 depicts a hard copy apparatus, in this exemplary embodiment a computer peripheral, ink-jet printer, 101. A housing 103 encloses the electrical and mechanical operating mechanisms of the printer 101. Operation is administrated by an electronic controller 102 (usually a microprocessor or application specific integrated circuit ("ASIC") controlled printed circuit board) connected by appropriate cabling to a computer (not shown). It is well known to program and execute imaging, printing, print media handling, control functions and logic with firmware or software instructions for conventional or general purpose microprocessors or with ASIC's. Cut-sheet print media 105, loaded by the end-user onto an input tray 120, is fed by a suitable paper-path transport mechanism (not shown) to an internal printing station, or "print zone," 123 where graphical images or alphanumeric text is created. A carriage 109, selectively positionable on a rod 111, scans the print medium. An encoder subsystem 113 is provided for keeping track of the position of the carriage 109 at any given time. A set of individual ink-jet pens, or print cartridges, 115X is mounted in the carriage 109 (generally, in a full color system, inks for the subtractive primary colors, cyan (X=C), yellow (X=Y), magenta (X=M) and true black (X=K) are provided; in some implementations an ink-fixer chemical (X=F) is also used). An associated set of replaceable or refillable ink reservoirs 117X is coupled to the pen set by ink conduits 119. Once a printed page is completed, the print medium is ejected onto an output tray 121. The carriage scanning axis is conventionally designated the x-axis, the print media transit axis is designated the y-axis, and the printhead firing direction is designated the z-axis. For convenience in describing the art and the present invention, all types of ink-jet hard copy apparatus are sometimes hereinafter referred to as "printers;" all types, sizes, and compositions of print media are also referred to as "paper;" all compositions of colorants are sometimes referred to as "ink;" and all embodiments of an ink-jet writing instruments are sometimes hereinafter simply referred to as a "open;" no limitation on the scope of the invention is intended nor should any be implied.
Generally, a belt drive subsystem can be used to mount and selectively move the carriage 109 for scanning bidirectionally across the print zone 123. Instantaneous positioning of the printhead to the print medium is critical to prevent a printing error and ensure throughput performance. Belt tension is an important parameter and is varied dependent primarily on the drive loads required, margin desired, and belt-pulley design.
FIG. 2 (PRIOR ART) illustrates a belt 100 connected to a reversible motor 300 and a pulley 500, both of which are usually affixed to a printer housing framework (not shown). A pulley axle 700 fits slidingly in slots 900 in a mounting frame 110. Assembled, the belt 100 extends through an aperture 130 in the frame 110. The pen carriage 109 (not seen in this view) rides on a guide rod 111 as in FIG. 1 and is attached to the belt 100. Since the pulley axle 700 makes a sliding fit and the belt must be long enough to reach beyond the end 170 of the mount 110 to encircle the pulley 500 before it is fit into the slots 900, a spring loaded tensioner 190 is used to achieve the proper post-assembly tension. After the pulley 500 is fit into the slots 900, the tensioner 190 is inserted such that the axle 700 will ride on a tensioner surface 210. An extension table 230, with a tensioning spring 250 surrounding it, is rotatingly slipped into slot 270 of the mount 110. By designing to a close tolerance, the tensioner surface 210 will pull the pulley outward along the slots 900 just until the belt 100 is properly tensioned. Another spring loaded tensioner is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,154, filed by Beauchamp et al. for a BELT TENSIONER (assigned to the common assignee herein and incorporated herein by reference).
Another prior art design, that has a lower belt tension requirement over the spring loaded design, is the standard fixed center tensioner that includes a spring loaded belt tensioner that provides initial belt tension and a locking mechanism to fix the tensioner to a predetermined setting. As the belt stretches under load and during thermal and humidity excursions, the hardware expands and contracts, resulting in changing pulley center-to-center spacing. The result is a change in belt tension from the initial setting.
In such solutions, as the belt stretches under load and during thermal and humidity excursions, the hardware can also expand and contract, resulting in a spring deflection and, therefore, a belt tension change. Such systems are designed with the lowest possible spring rate so that such a tension change is minimized. However, at higher acceleration and deceleration loading and higher scanning speeds which increase printing throughput, belt tensions must be increased to prevent belt slip at the motor and pulley interfaces. Moreover, for an ink-jet implementation, due to the advancement in pen design and increasing the number of printheads on-axis (or, for disposable or refillable print cartridges having a self-contained, on-axis, ink supply where the cartridge size is increasing to meet the demand for full bleed printing (e.g., photographic reproductions)), the total carriage weight increases. Increasing belt tension increases loading on the motor axle bearings. One solution is to add precision bearings to the motor shaft, but only at a significant cost impact on manufacturing. During temperature and humidity excursions, the material will experience an expansion or contraction ("EC") proportional to the respective material coefficient of thermal expansion ("CTE"). Note that CTE can be a positive or negative value. Depending upon the materials used in fabricating the mechanism, differing material CTE may generate a belt tension increase or decrease during temperature excursions.
There is a need for a method and apparatus to maintain a substantially constant belt tension during temperature changes, There is a need for a method and apparatus to run relatively low belt tensions in high speed printers to increase motor life. There is also a need for a low cost solution.
In its basic aspects, the present invention provides a belt tensioner device, including: an adjustably mountable frame for mounting to a chassis; a pulley fork biasingly mounted to the frame; and a belt pulley mounted between the frame and the fork wherein the frame and fork are co-associated and fabricated of materials each having a complementary CTE to compensate for temperature excursions affecting belt tension.
In another basic aspect, the present invention provides a belt tensioner for an apparatus having a chassis with a belt drive motor affixed thereon for providing translational motion to a belt coupled thereto, wherein the chassis formed of a material having a first CTE, including: first mechanisms for holding a belt pulley axle at a first end, the first mechanisms including mechanisms for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner to the chassis such that the belt is in tension between the belt drive motor and the belt pulley and such that material EC of the first means due to thermal expansion and contraction is diametrically opposed to material EC of the chassis, wherein the first mechanisms are formed of a material having a second CTE and wherein the first CTE and the second CTE are related in proportion to a ratio of a linear distance between the motor and the mechanisms for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner and the distance between the pulley axle and the mechanisms for fixedly attaching the belt tensioner such that EC of each is in substantially identical proportion to the ratio; and a second mechanism for holding the belt pulley axle at a second end, wherein the second mechanism is captured by the first mechanisms and the second mechanism is formed of a material having a third CTE wherein the third CTE is substantially lower than the first CTE and the second CTE such that the second mechanism is substantially unaffected during material EC of the chassis and the second mechanism.
In another basic aspect, the present invention provides an ink-jet printhead scanning carriage drive belt tensioner subsystem for a drive motor and carriage drive belt system, wherein the drive motor is mounted in a first position on a chassis, including: a belt pulley having an axis of rotation; a frame for positioning the belt pulley with respect to the motor, including fastening mechanisms for affixing the frame to the chassis at a second position; and a fork for positioning the belt pulley on the frame such that the belt pulley is between the first position and the second position and the belt is tensioned between the motor and the pulley; the chassis, the frame, and the fork each being fabricated of a material having a differing, compensating, CTE characteristic such that material EC of the chassis and the frame is balanced wherein the axis of rotation remains in a substantially constant position with respect to the first position.
In another basic aspect, the present invention provides a method for maintaining a predetermined tension of a drive belt between a belt drive motor and a belt pulley, including the steps of: affixing the motor to a chassis at a first predetermined position, the mount having a known mount material CTE; affixing the pulley on a frame at a predetermined frame position, the frame having a known frame material CTE; affixing the frame to the chassis at a second predetermined position such that the predetermined tension is established and the pulley is located along a plane between the first predetermined position and the second predetermined position, wherein the length L.sub.2 of the frame and the length L.sub.3 of the fork is related to the frame material CTE and the fork material CTE, the chassis material CTE and length L.sub.1, and the belt CTE and length L.sub.Belt, wherein means for affixing the pulley on the frame comprises a material having an affixing means CTE substantially less than the frame material CTE such that substantially no material EC is experienced by the means for affixing during proportional material EC of the mount and the frame.
In another basic aspect, the present invention provides an ink-jet hard copy apparatus, having a scanning carriage for translating at least one ink-jet writing instrument mounted thereon across adjacently positioned print media, including: an apparatus chassis, fabricated of a material having a CTE.sub.chassis ; a drive motor mounted to the chassis at a first position; a belt pulley mounted on a pulley frame by a pulley fork, wherein the pulley frame is fabricated of a frame material having a CTE.sub.frame which is greater than CTE.sub.chassis and wherein the pulley fork is fabricated as a fork material having a third CTE.sub.fork which is substantially less than the CTE.sub.chassis such that there is substantially no center-center change between the motor pulley axis and the turn around pulley axis during thermal excursions wherein the belt material CTE is non-affective as relative to the CTE.sub.fork, CTE.sub.chassis, CTE.sub.frame ; and a belt tensioned between the motor and the pulley and having the carriage mounted thereon wherein the pulley frame is affixed to the chassis at a second position with the pulley positioned between the first position and the second position such that a predetermined belt tension is established and maintained regardless of material EC of the chassis and the frame.
In another basic aspect, the present invention provides an ink-jet hard copy apparatus, having a beltriven scanning carriage for translating at least one ink-jet writing instrument mounted thereon across adjacently positioned print media, including: a belt tensioner device, including an adjustably mountable frame for mounting to a chassis, a pulley fork biasingly mounted to the frame, and a belt pulley mounted between the frame and the fork, wherein the frame and fork are co-associated and fabricated of materials each having a complementary CTE to compensate for temperature excursions affecting belt tension.
it provides for increased printer performance at a lower cost.
The foregoing summary and list of advantages is not intended by the inventors to be an inclusive list of all the aspects, objects, advantages and features of the present invention nor should any limitation on the scope of the invention be implied therefrom. This Summary is provided in accordance with the mandate of 37 C.F.R. 1.73 and M.P.E.P. 608.01(d) merely to apprise the public, and more especially those interested in the particular art to which the invention relates, of the nature of the invention in order to be of assistance in aiding ready understanding of the patent in future searches. Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following explanation and the accompanying drawings, in which like reference designations represent like features throughout the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary embodiment of an ink-jet printer which can employ the present invention (not shown in this view).
FIG. 2 (PRIOR ART) is a known manner spring loaded belt tensioner system.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematic drawing of a belt tensioner subsystem in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3A is an exploded perspective view schematic drawing of a belt tensioner subsystem as shown in FIG. 3.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the belt tensioner subsystem as shown in FIGS. 3 and 3A to demonstrate operation thereof.
Reference is made now in detail to a specific embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates the best mode presently contemplated by the inventors for practicing the invention. Alternative embodiments are also briefly described as applicable.
FIG. 3 is a thermally compensating, fixed center, belt tensioner subsystem in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 3A shows elements of the subsystem to in an exploded view. In FIG. 3, the subsystem is shown attached to a chassis 301. It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that this pen carriage drive subsystem may also be affixed to a platen, vacuum box, or other printer framework or subchassis as appropriate to a specific implementation. A separate tensioner frame 303 is provided. The frame 303 bears a centrally mounted pulley fork 304 for holding a belt pulley 500 in a general alignment position. A spring 311 (FIG. 4) is attached between the chassis 301 and a spring clip 306 provided on the tensioner frame 303, providing an initial belt 100 tension bias. Note that the belt pulley 500 is mounted for rotation to the pulley fork 304 and supported by the tensioner frame 303 and affixed with a fastener, such as a screw or bolt, 309 through adjustment aperture 307 to the chassis threaded hole 310. This approach is different from fixing the fork 304 directly to the chassis 301 as in a conventional fixed center tensioner manner. The fastener hole 307 and fastener 309 are provided in any known or proprietary manner for securing the tensioner frame 303 to the chassis 301, establishing a modified fixed center tensioner construct. The belt 100 load is now supported by two parts, the tensioner frame 303 and the pulley fork 304.
Usually a printer chassis 301 is fabricated of metal or plastic for stability, having a relatively high CTE It has been common to use a flexible but stiff belt 100, such as is known to be made of Kevlar.TM. material. Kevlar type materials have a relatively low CTE, negative in value.
where E.sub.i =CTE.sub.i * L.sub.i * .DELTA.T, where i=1,2,3, 4, and L.sub.i are shown in FIG. 4, and where delta-T is the change in temperature in consistent units. Given a Kevlar fiber belt 100 material and a sheet metal chassis 301 material, it has been found that unfilled or low-content glass-filled polymers (such as of polycarbonate or Noryl.TM.), thus having a relatively high CTE, are suitable for use as the tensioner frame 303 in the present invention. Conversely, the pulley fork 304 is fabricated from a relatively low CTE material compared to the chassis 301 and frame 303 materials. It has been found that high glass-filled polymers are suitable for the pulley fork 304 material in accordance with the present invention. The design can be optimized for a specific implementation around the nominal dimensions of the parts and properties of the materials to ensure E.sub.T is theoretically zero during temperature excursions.
The dynamics of the construct is illustrated schematically in FIG. 4. As a manufacturing, post-assembly process, the design specified belt tension is set by affixing the frame 303 to the chassis with a screw 309, or another attachment method, against the bias of the chassis spring 311. As ambient temperature rises: 1) the chassis 301 expands proportional to CTE.sub.1, L.sub.1 increases in length, 2) the frame 303 expands proportional to CTE.sub.2, L.sub.2 increases in length, 3) the turn fork 304 expands proportional to CTE.sub.3, L.sub.3 increases in length, and 4) the belt 100 expands proportional to CTE.sub.4, L.sub.4 increases in length, for positive CTE and decreases in length for negative CTE.
Because of the constructs use of different CTE material and the different length elements, as the chassis 301 and frame 303 expand, increasing L.sub.1 and L.sub.2, the substantially unaffected pulley fork 304 moves the pulley 500 inwardly, maintaining L.sub.BELT within a predetermined design tolerance such that the design target belt tension as initially set against the spring bias remains substantially constant.
Thus, the present invention provides a thermally compensating belt drive tensioner useful in the construction of an ink-jet printer having at least one belt-driven writing instrument which scans the hard copy apparatus printing zone. Exemplary embodiment characteristics illustrating the concept of the present invention is represented in Table 1 below with geometry and properties for a hypothetical design.
to obtain a solution with no net extension, E.sub.NET.about.0, and given temperature excursions of 35.degree. C. and 95.degree. F.: ##EQU2## L.sub.3.ident.0.
Hence, if the design ensures the "effective net belt extension" is eliminated during thermal excursion, the belt tension change will be unchanged.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form or to exemplary embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. Similarly, any process steps described might be interchangeable with other steps in order to achieve the same result, The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its best mode practical application, thereby to enable others skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use or implementation contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents. Reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" unless explicitly so stated, but rather means "one or more." Moreover, no element, component, nor method step in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element, component, or method step is explicitly recited in the following claims. No claim element herein is to be construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. Sec. 112, sixth paragraph, unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for . . . "


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I was having a conversation the other day about being successful and the amount of work, commitment, and discipline it actually takes to get to where you want to be. What is your idea of success? Do you want to be a straight A student? Maybe you want to be an all state athlete and get a scholarship to a college. Some of you may want leadership roles in companies, and others may simply see success as having money and traveling. Each one of has a different idea of success and we are all on our own journey to reach that individual success. Have you realized yet just how difficult it is to actually reach the goal? It's tough, harder than you probably ever imagined. It's more difficult because when we set our goals, we usually only visualize the end result. We tend to overlook what it will really take to reach that goal. The amount of time, energy, sacrifice, and failures we are actually going to endure along the way. We are ignorant, and it is true ignorance is bliss in this case. Do you think that if you knew all of the work and discipline that was involved in reaching your goal, it would've even become something you would want to accomplish? And now here you are, doubting yourself, bummed out that you can't stay on track, just another goal that you can't reach. This is far from true! You may just need to re-evaluate your approach and your current lifestyle, to help you succeed.
For starters, are you putting yourself in the position daily to actually reach your goal? Are you studying every night, are you on a daily training regiment, are you involved and positive in the workplace, are you micromanaging your finances? There are daily things that you can do to prepare yourself to reach your goal. Getting up early and getting your mind right is important. Making sure you are set for your day and focused on the success you see yourself reaching. Being intentional in all that you do and say, and making sure that these actions and words are helping to propel you to your destination. Everything you do on a daily basis is positioning yourself in a certain direction. Wake up and take the time to focus your mind. Tell yourself you are capable and you WILL reach your idea of success. You have the power to decide which direction you want to go every single day.
Eliminate all distractions and excuses. In your everyday life there are so many things that can act as distractions and serve as excuses that will prevent you from reaching your idea of success. You may not even recognize some of them. Distractions can range from the music you listen to, to the television you watch, to the food you eat. People say they know it won't be easy to reach their goal, but putting in the amount of discipline required is something that always gets overlooked. It would be easier to put on a movie or order a pizza, instead of studying and sticking to healthy eating habits, but these are shortcuts that can't be taken on your road to success. If you are serious about reaching a goal and being successful you have to be hyper focused. Every decision you make, should be made with your end result in mind. You could sleep in, or get up and go to the gym…which one will help you be successful? You can buy a new outfit, or place that money in a savings account, which choice will help you reach your goal? When you do not allow yourself to be distracted and choose to be focused on your goal, the reward will be so much sweeter and you will reach it much sooner. You have to be willing to be disciplined.
Surround yourself with your own personal highlight reel. Chances are, you already have this highlight reel on your social media pages. When you surround yourself with the best parts of you, your motivation and confidence is going to skyrocket! The reason is because you are seeing yourself in successful places and positions. Print out some of your most motivating and successful memories and place them on your desk, mirror, car, workspace, or wherever you can see them easily as you are working.You are beautiful, happy, confident, successful and the world is yours to conquer. You truly can do and be whatever you want to, but you have to take the action needed in order to do that. Looking at some of your past accomplishments can be motivating and inspiring.
Place yourself in the right crowd. You never want to be the best person in the room, rather you want to be in a room full of people who can hear your questions and answer them honestly. Put yourself around people who are like minded in terms of goals and visions of success. This may mean dedicating one social media page strictly to people or pages that are your idea of success. The more you are seeing it and surrounded by it, the more clear your vision will become. Some of you may be fortunate enough to surround yourself with the presence of people who are living a version of your idea of success. For example, you may be able to attend company meetings or outings with some top leaders. You may get to do some training with some top athletes, or coaches. These are experiences that should be taken and used as learning moments. Watch videos and read books from people who are living and working in the places you want to be. What is their secret to success? There is always, always, always something to learn from another person. It is just a matter of whether you are being open or closed. If you assume you know exactly what it takes and choose not to be a learner, you will have a far more difficult time getting to success. We as humans need support, find a support system and use it. This support system can be in the form of a YouTube channel, an author, a company, a person (or people), or it can be an accumulation of different resources. The more tools you have, the better prepared you will be to continue on your journey to success when things get hard.
A success journey is full of failures, hardships, and lots of learning experiences. But we need these challenges to keep things interesting. You are capable of being the person you see yourself being. You just have to make sure you are doing everything possible to head in the right direction everyday, the day before tomorrow. I encourage you to look at the way your are working toward your success and make changes where necessary. The changes may seem small at the time, but 1 point is the difference between winning and losing.
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Frank Kaminsky is the best player of the highly successful Bo Ryan era.
The consensus 2014-15 national player of the year candidate led Wisconsin to back-to-back Final Four appearances, including a trip to last season's national final vs. Duke.
It wasn't always easy for Kaminsky in Madison, though, and that goes for on the court and with his head coach. Kaminsky's Wisconsin career was typical of a Ryan big. He saw little court time in his first two seasons, all while drawing plenty of criticism, before developing into the game's best player.
Not only did Ryan oversee Kaminsky's transformation, but he was the one coach who took a chance on the lightly recruited Lisle, Illinois, native.
The former Badger, now a rookie with the Charlotte Hornets, penned a thank you letter to his old coach Wednesday.
Read the full letter in the link in the tweet above or click here to read it on thevictorylap.com.
It's been an honor. Thanks Coach, for everything.


What is the Energy and Utilities Alliance (EUA)?
The Energy and Utilities Alliance (EUA) is a not-for-profit trade association that provides a leading industry voice to help shape the future policy direction within the energy sector. It acts to further the best interests of its members and the wider community in working towards a sustainable, energy secure and energy efficient future.


text:
Q: Why BsonObjectId::apply(String) method does not work for the second time? //Below line of code works fine with the result,
//maxBSONValue: org.mongodb.scala.bson.BsonObjectId = BsonObjectId{value=572865049229f27baf82c974}
val maxBSONValue = org.mongodb.scala.bson.BsonObjectId("572865049229f27baf82c974")

//Subsequent execution of below line results in error
//error: org.mongodb.scala.bson.BsonObjectId.type does not take parameters
val minBSONValue = org.mongodb.scala.bson.BsonObjectId("572865049229f27baf82c96f")

Why BsonObjectId::apply(String) method does not work for the second time?

A: Instead of invoking apply() method from the BsonObjectId companion object (here), it seems to be seeing BsonObjectId as a type (defined here) and it complains that it doesn't take parameters (which is true). This is the cause of your error message. Not sure why it's happening though. Check out this question and see if you can find something useful (I didn't really dig too deep into it).
Sorry for posting as answer even though it isn't really one, but I think it could put you on the right track and I couldn't fit it into comments.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home Crisis Communication Subway Crisis – The Biggest Threat to Your Brand is Denial
Subway Crisis – The Biggest Threat to Your Brand is Denial
By Firestorm Team in Crisis Communication on Tuesday, 14 July 2015
Subway had notice; Russell Taylor, head of Fogle's charity, The Jared Foundation, was arrested on charges of possessing and producing child pornography in April of this year. An immediate plan was required in response; while it is understandable that Subway would want to respect its long-term relationship with Fogle, any hint of a scandal, especially one of this highly offensive and illegal nature, required immediate attention and action in April.
"Subway is making a huge mistake.."
"New details in Jared from Subway child porn raid…"
"Crisis of the week: Subway Served with a Pitchman Problem…"
If you own or run a business, these are not the types of headlines you want to see when conducting a web search on your Brand.
Last week, sandwich powerhouse, Subway, jumped into headlines as their spokesperson, Jared Fogle, had his house raided by the FBI. The search came two months after Russell Taylor, executive director of the Fogle Foundation, was arrested on child pornography charges. According to sources linked to the FBI, the raid of Fogle's house was in connection with a child porn case. Reports indicate Fogle is cooperating with authorities.
Who is Jared Fogle?
Fogle, more commonly referred to as 'Jared,' has been a spokesperson for Subway for nearly 15 years. In April 1999, Fogle caught the attention of the media after his significant weight loss on the "subway diet." The company tested an ad campaign featuring Fogle in January 2000. The campaign noted the subway diet, paired with walking, helped him gain a healthy lifestyle while losing inches.
After success of the first campaign, Fogle acted as a brand ambassador and made personal appearances for the company. From 2000-2013, he had filmed more than 300 commercials for the company. Growth of sales more than tripled during 1999-2011.
A section of the Subway website once detailed Fogle's weight loss journey. The page has since been removed.
Following the raid, Fogle's attorney, Ron Elberger released a statement.
"Jared has been cooperating, and continues to cooperate, with law enforcement in their investigation of unspecified charges and looks forward to its conclusion," Elberger said. "He has not been detained, arrested or charged with any crime or offense."
Subway's Response
In a statement regarding the recent raid, a Subway spokesperson stated: "We are shocked about the news and believe it is related to a prior investigation of a former Jared Foundation employee. We are very concerned and will be monitoring the situation closely. We don't have any more details at this point."
As depicted by the below tweet, Subway severed all ties with Fogle immediately following the raid. The company said the decision was mutual by both parties. Navigating through the Subway website yields no signs of Fogle's presence; not even on the latest news/press release page. According to the website, it is as if the raid never happened.
Social Media is Lightening Fast
As expected, social media users took to various platforms to express how they felt about the long-time spokesperson. A simple search of the hashtag #Jared or #Subway yielded thousands of results;
In a recent Firestorm webinar, Karen Masullo, Firestorm Chief Intelligence Officer, shared social media metrics of the Subway/Jared crisis. The below screenshot was taken over a 10-minute time frame. During those minutes, there was the potential for 8.5 million impressions. The keywords in the conversation were: raid, FBI and child porn. According to Karen, "These are never words we want associated with our brand."
Did Subway Make the Right Decision?
Subway – or any other business for that matter – cannot afford to be associated in any way with child pornography or child endangerment charges; it is that simple. They must protect their brand and image – even if that means severing ties with a key spokesperson.
The real question is "Was there a plan?"
When you plan only for marketing initiatives – and only for their success, a company is left open to huge vulnerabilities.
According to various industry reports, the upheaval halted Subway's latest marketing campaign—one that portrays Fogle as a family man keeping the weight off with a consistent diet of Subway sandwiches. In an animated TV spot released this year, a narrated cartoon shows a sweater-clad Fogle as a new father taking his wife, Katie McLaughlin, and their two young kids—the couple have a three-year-old son and a one-year-old daughter—to a nearby Subway store. The commercial exemplifies Subway's dependence on Fogle as its sole ambassador—a pop culture relic of the early 2000s who helped build Subway's reputation as a health-conscious fast-food alternative. Now, as the company struggles to stay relevant among such emerging competitors as Chipotle Mexican Grill and Jimmy John's, Fogle and his new image were poised to help revive the world's biggest fast-food chain.
The company had a plan for hopeful success, but none for the failure of that specific risk; if your key spokesperson is just that, your key spokesperson – the face of your company – someone at some point has to ask the question "What if he fails?"
Moreover, Subway did have notice; Russell Taylor, head of Fogle's charity, The Jared Foundation, was arrested on charges of possessing and producing child pornography in April of this year. April! An immediate plan was required in response; while it is understandable that Subway would want to respect its long-term relationship with Fogle, any hint of a scandal, especially one of this highly offensive and illegal nature, required immediate attention and action in April.
Further due diligence would have revealed that the secretary of state's office in Indiana, where the Jared Foundation was registered in 2004 as a nonprofit corporation, said that it had administratively dissolved the foundation in February 2012.
Valerie Kroeger, a spokesman for the state agency, said that action was taken after the foundation failed to pay annual $5 reporting fees the two previous years despite being notified multiple times by the office, meaning they're no longer registered with the state to do business.
With only minutes (if not seconds) to respond today, the plan must be in place far ahead of time. This requires crisis simulation, practice and planning. It also requires careful monitoring of more than one or two channels, but of the whole of social and traditional media.
This was not related to one, isolated associate of Subway – their entire brand was resting on the success or failure of this marketing initiative and individual.
This was an absolute failure to plan.
At Firestorm, our extensive crisis management background and experiences provide the expertise needed to help organizations:
Predict vulnerabilities
Develop plans to prevent or mitigate those vulnerabilities
Train and test on plans developed
Initiate a no-fee call with Firestorm. Your team can use this time to ask Firestorm any questions that are on your mind and, if nothing else, the call will validate that you are taking all the necessary steps to manage the aftermath of a crisis. If you decide after the call that there are ways Firestorm can be of assistance, we will determine next steps together.
Crises don't wait. Neither should you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


So there's no wonder why you 'd like to know more about How Much Does Kartra Does to Host.
All of the great Kartra functions and benefits (aka the Kartra introduction).
There's just SO many features and benefits when it pertains to Kartra.
But here is a take a look at the Kartra plans (note: costs and lead count are constantly subject to alter).
Or will ClickFunnels stand tall in the battle of the very best online business software.
And I understand that you 're going to make the best decision when it pertains to structure and growing your online service.


text:
Q: cannot get the variable value from main.c I'm new to C language.
In my main.c
float BatteryLvl_Volts;

float get_BatteryLvl_Volts(void)
{
    return BatteryLvl_Volts;
}

In my Battery.c
float BatteryLvl_Volts = get_BatteryLvl_Volts();

void battery_level_indicator(float BatteryLvl_Volts)
{
    if( 3.3 < BatteryLvl_Volts ){
        LED_ON(GREEN);       // Turn on Green LED
    }
}

My Question
If I use #include "main.c" in Battery.c, the IDE will give a lot of warnings (more than 200). How to solve this issue, please?
Thanks!

A: To access a variable defined in one translation unit (file1.c) in another (file2.c), the symbol must be declared extern:
// file1.c
float some_global_float = 0.0 ;

// file2.c
extern float some_global_float ;

Normally you'd put the extern declaration in a header to avoid repetition and to allow the compiler to check the declaration and definition match:
// file1.c
#include "file1.h"
float some_global_float = 0.0 ;

// file1.h
#if !define FILE2_H
#define FILE2_H
    extern float some_global_float ;
#endif

// file2.c
#include "file1.h"

float some_function( float a )
{
    return some_global_float * a ;
}

Now all that said, you should in fact really avoid global variables altogether.  It is bad practice and invariably unnecessary.  But that is a different question.

A: This is a good tutorial site for C: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/index.htm
You should name files which will be #include into a C file with suffix .h (header file). Header files should just be definitions or static libraries and no actual program code.
If you want to combine multiple C files you use a so called linker. A linker is a program which combines multiple binaries into one binary.
If you want to access a global variable you need to use the keyword extern.
main.c
extern int g_bananas = 0; // declaration and definition - extern is optional
//int g_bananas = 0; // this would be also fine for declaration and definition

void calcbananas(int a, int b); // just declaration - optional but recommended

int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
    calcbananas(1, 2);
    return g_bananas;
}

sub.c
extern int g_bananas; // just declaration - extern is needed

void calcbananas(int a, int b){
    g_bananas = a + b;
}

main.c and sub.c need to be linked by a linker program.
PS you should always use a prefix for naming global variables, like g_
PPS some compilers have built-in linker, for example the gcc compiler may compile and link above 2 C files just by typing shell command gcc main.c sub.c


text:
Q: Changes made to component's string input does not change original string When a component has a string input, and it makes change to that string input, changes don't change original data.
When doing the same thing with string array input it does change original data.
component-with-inputs.ts:
@Input('str') str:string;
@Input('strArray') str:string[];

changeFunc(){
    this.str = "changed"
    this.strArray.push("changed")
}

component-with-data.ts:
strData:string = "i am string";
strArrayData:string[] = ["i","am","array"]

component-with-data.html:
<component-with-inputs [str]="strData" strArray="strArrayData">
</component-with-inputs>

so when changeFunc is called original data on component-with-data will look like:
 "i am string";
["i","am","array","changed"]

string does't not change but string array does.
how can i make string also change?

A: a 'string' is a value type while the array is a reference type.
<component-with-inputs [str]="strData" strArray="strArrayData">
</component-with-inputs>

In your above template, "strData" will be passed as value while "strArrayData" will be passed as a reference.
You should make your input property [value type] change emitted to the parent component. See following code -
@Component({
  selector: 'app-child',
  templateUrl: './your.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./your.component.css']
})
export class YourChildComponent implements OnInit {

  @Input('str') str: string;
  @Input() arr: Array<string>;
  @Output() strChange = new EventEmitter<string>();
  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() {

  }

  change() {
    this.strChange.emit('I am new string');
    this.arr.push('I am new string in array');
  }

}

In parent component template [notice the banana in the box notation] -
<app-child [(str)]="myString" [arr]="array"></app-child>


Sq. Ft.:672 to 4,400Sq. Ft.
This neighborhood is perfect for those seeking single-family homes. The homes in Seaside Assembly represent a wide range of time periods and styles. In general, homes in Seaside Assembly are about $140,000 – $730,000 and sit on quarter-acre lots with three bedrooms and two bathrooms. The most common types of parking are 2-car garage, garage, carport, driveway and 1-car garage.
How would you rate Seaside Assembly?
Homes in Seaside Assembly are on the market for an average of 134 days and are typically purchased at 96% of asking price. Property taxes hover around $3,366 per year, and homeowners' association fees are approximately $2. On average, homes here are $169 per square foot and typically list for around $235,000.


NIR-Online offers X-One software. The software suite also includes the company's X-Two, X-Three, X-Four and SX versions, each designed for different applications. The X-One system is equipped with automatic referencing and redundant life source. It uses a diode array spectrometer for rapid measurement. The X-one system is designed for use on moving production lines.


text:
Idmidronea incrastata är en mossdjursart som först beskrevs av Okada 1928.  Idmidronea incrastata ingår i släktet Idmidronea och familjen Tubuliporidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Mossdjur
incrastata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Commentary in Urdu by Allama Ghulam Rasul Saeedi.
This is the much acclaimed and revered sharh (commentary ) in urdu by Allama Ghulam Rasul Sa'idi, rahmatullahi ta'ala 'alayhi, of 'Sahih Muslim' in 7 Volumes. There is one additional useful volume which includes the complete index of the seven books - which is ideal for reference and research.
Imam Muslim : Abul Husain Muslim bin al-Hajjaj al-Nisapuri, radi Allahu ta'ala anhu, was born in 202 A.H. and died in 261 A.H. He travelled widely to gather his collection of ahadith, including Iraq, Arabia, Syria, and Egypt. Out of 300,000 ahadith which he evaluated, only 4,000 approximately were extracted for inclusion into his collection based on stringent acceptance criteria. Imam Muslim was a student of Imam Bukhari, May Allah be pleased with them.
Allama Ghulam Rasul Sa'idi, rahmatullahi ta'ala 'alayhi, is one of the most talented and outstanding scholars of the Indian sub-continent, whose writings and religious endeavours have for years brought guidance and benefit to the entire Muslim Ummah. He sought knowledge from the renowned scholars of his time, and was a disciple to the likes of Allama Shaykh Ahmad Sa'id Kaazmi, Allama Mawlana Ata Muhammad and Allama Mufti Muhammad Hussain Na'imi. This educational foundation was certainly a determining factor in his expertise in several religious disciplines.
By far, Allama Ghulam Rasul Sa'idi's biggest contribution is in the field of Islamic literature. He wrote this Sharh Sahih Muslim, which has won universal aclaim for it's depth and clarity, he has completed the exegesis of the entire Qur'an, named Tibyaan al-Qur'an and has also completed the sharh, commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari.
More works from Allama Ghulam Rasul Sa'idi.
NB: *Slight colour variation in the individual covers of these sets. This is not unusual for the subcontinent.


Valentine's Day is a holiday filled with romance, flowers and candy hearts, but it is also a day when North Hempstead couples gather to renew their marriage vows at the Harbor Links Golf Course in Port Washington. On Feb. 14, couples who had been married for 40 to 75 years came out to the eighth annual Valentine's Day Marriage Vow Renewal ceremony to reaffirm their commitment to one another and celebrate their marriages.
Local couples enjoyed a three-course lunch and a champagne toast after Town Clerk Wayne Wink officiated the vow renewal, first making the husbands stand to recite vows followed by their wives doing the same. The ceremony ended similar to their wedding day, with a kiss.
Since meeting at the Young Democratic Club in Long Beach, M. Joan and David Linden have been together for 61 years. The two had lived in Great Neck for 25 years, with M. Joan working at the Station Branch.
"We were at a restaurant for the Young Democratic Club and I was looking at the stairs and I saw a pair of ankles attached to great legs," said David.
Great Neck preschool teacher Elene and Elmont High School teacher Joseph Contegiacomo met when the two lived in Queens. Elene lived with her girlfriends, one of whom had been friends with Joseph. While Joe was on leave from the Vietnam War, he went to visit his friend who lived with Elene, but Elene wouldn't let him in the door because she didn't know who he was. The couple has now been married for 50 years with three daughters and three grandchildren.
Christina Claus is a the editor of Port Washington News.


Valentine is a healthy shrub with 3" blooms in small clusters of rich, dark velvety-red. Repeats very well all season. No fragrance but this rose adds superb color to a garden. 2'-3' in height. Introduced/discovered in 1951.


How many officers have been forced to retire under regulation A19 in 2011, 2012 and so far in 2013? Please give, if possible, the ranks of these officers and the departments they worked in.
The following table provides the number of Officers who retired under A19 by rank and LPU or Department. Please note that as at 03 December 2013, Chief Constable Chris Sims ended the regulation that enforces the retirement of officers with more than 30 years' service.
When was the use of A19 approved in West Midlands Police?


If I change any menu item (create/add/or delete) a Post or Page. The slider appears to be turned off. This persists even if I restore all defaults in SoundOn framework. Even if I reinstall soundon. It will only work if I deinstall wordpress, clear the home directory and reinstall wordpress and SoundOn.
We have tested the SoundOn theme and all the Slider Source options including the posts and pages, all works properly. The only reason why the slider can not be displayed is if pages or posts have not featured images. If your posts and pages have them, and slider still does not work, please give us the URL of your website where you use this theme in order to check this issue.
Thank you. I'll recheck the theme.


A Gentleman in Moscow takes us to Moscow, Russia.
Starting in 1922, Amor Towles gives his readers a unique perspective of the accession of Stalin's power. The book spans 30 years while Count Alexander Ilych Rostov, the protagonist, is under house arrest at a luxury hotel, the Metropol. Although he has spent recent years in a beautiful suite, he's moved up to a rustic and dusty room in the attic.
Towles tells the story with an impeccable sense of time and place. The Count survives his exile through intriguing and stunning food, wine, books and people. He meets and forms relationships with hotel employees, a beautiful actress, interesting children, a dedicated chef and several other characters who stumble into the Metropol.
A Gentleman in Moscow is a modern day classic. It will be read, re-read, cherished, revered & applauded for years to come. I will admit, I wasn't entirely captivated with every page. At times I was bored. However, the impeccable story telling and intriguing characters kept me reading until the end.
The Count appreciates, and lives for, things in life that we often overlook these days: a good book, a good meal (meticulously prepared or simply a biscuit and a piece of fruit), good wine, a night cap and good conversation.
Towles clearly appreciates classic literature; his charming style of writing and references to Tolstoy, Chekhov & Tchaikovsky mirror his appreciation.
With historical fiction comes learning about different places and time periods. I enjoyed learning about the mayhem that occurred in the early-mid 1900's in Russia. Towles was able to intertwine the devastation that was happening outside the walls of the Metropol seamlessly into his story about a man trapped indoors.
The book is organized into FIVE parts. In order to tell the entire story about what was happening in Russia during this time, each parts jumps years ahead. I found this a useful tool to prevent the story from dragging on.
If you haven't read this book yet, you're truly missing out on an unforgettable story.
Towles was born and raised in the Boston area. With degrees from Yale and Stanford, Towles has written two international best sellers: Rules of Civility (2011) and A Gentleman in Moscow (2016).
No surprise here – A Gentleman in Moscow was on the New York Times Bestseller List for almost a year. It "was named one of the best books of 2016 by the Chicago Tribune, the Washington Post, the Philadelphia Inquirer, the San Francisco Chronicle, and NPR," (amortowles.com).
He lives in Manhattan with his wife & two children where he continues to write. As readers, we all anticipate what he will come out with next.


How should free speech activists respond to the challenge of identity politics? It no longer seems sufficient to cite the First Amendment, quote JS Mill, or cry academic freedom in trying to thwart assaults on free expression. There was a powerful illustration of this problem recently when protesters affiliated with Black Lives Matter gatecrashed an event at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia and prevented the invited guest from the American Civil Liberties Union from speaking, chanting 'the revolution will not uphold the Constitution' and 'liberalism is white supremacy'.
Is it time for civil libertarians to adjust their priorities, to ensure that people with 'protected characteristics' are given 'particular respect', and their views given a veto on what they deem as hate speech? Are those who argue for free speech – no ifs, no buts – too often providing the privileged with a licence to talk over the marginalised, even to incite bigotry? Or is identity politics the new tool of censorship and, if so, how should we respond?


text:
IRGC using new generation of laser-guided missiles in fighter jets
FNA – The Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) is using a new generation of laser-guided missiles, named Bina-2, to hit enemy targets from warplanes.
Recently, a number of images of a ceremony to deliver 10 updated Su-22 fighter jets to the IRGC have been released which also displayed a new generation of Bina missiles named Bina-2.
The Iranian defense ministry announced in 2014 that it had successfully tested a laser-guided surface-to-surface and air-to-surface missile named Bina.
Speaking during the ceremony, former Iranian Defense Minister Brigadier General Hossein Dehqan noted that Bina missile is laser-guided and can be fired from aircraft and different ground platforms.
"This missile (Bina) is capable of precisely hitting important targets, including bridges, tanks, military hardware and command centers of enemies," the Iranian defense minister said.
He enumerated the high-speed in destroying the targets, easy maintenance and high-speed of operation as specifications of Bina.
No more information has been released about the range of Bina missiles or the weight of their warheads.
Iran has made great progress in production of different missiles and military equipment.
Last month, a new generation of home-made pin-pointing missiles, named 'Fateh Mobin' and equipped with an advanced and smart explorer, was unveiled in Iran.
The radar-evading, tactical and pin-pointing missile which was unveiled in a ceremony participated by Defense Minister Brigadier General Amir Hatami enjoys high agility and can operate against sea and land-based targets in all types of environment, even in electronic warfare conditions.
The missile is also capable of penetrating anti-missile defense shields.
Bina missile, Brigadier General Hossein Dehqan, Iran missile program, IRGC	September 16, 2018
Pakistan vows commitment to IP gas pipeline project
Weekly report: Iran says US must end its practice of breaking international law


text:
P'opera! to perform 'Masquerade' on Super Bowl Sunday
jigarcia@rgj.com
Those looking for a more artistic alternative to getting caught up in the Super Bowl frenzy on Feb. 7 might consider one of two "Masquerade" performances by P'Opera! at 5 or 7:30 p.m. at the Bridge Restaurant and Bar at 425 S. Virginia St. Reno.
The Sierra Music Society, a nonprofit dba P'opera! in the local community, is performing music from "Phantom of the Opera" as part of a 2016 series featuring four themed shows. "Masquerade" is the first in the series and will feature the talents of local performers with harmonies and choreography, according to a statement from the company.
"It's entertaining, it's fun and if anybody's looking for an alternative to the Super Bowl, this is it," said Jon Fay, artistic director for P'Opera!
The evening will highlight favorite musical numbers from "Phantom of the Opera" with a Mardi Gras theme in which the mask will be used as a central theme, Fay say. "Masquerade" and "The Masquerade is Over" will be among the songs the chorus will sing, Fay.
With most of the group comprised of singers who were part of the Nevada Opera Chorus, P'Opera! launched in November 2014 to provide opportunities for its members to perform more, Fay said. The group formed as a 501(c)3 and launched this 2016 series for which the performers will be able to entertain twice at each event in the series at different venues, including the Laxalt Center
Fay, who has enjoyed a career as a tenor with various musical theater groups across the country and conducted for the Nevada Opera Chorus and other local choral ensembles, said it benefits those who love to hear music and perform for an audience.
"It's a wonderful music program," Fay said. "It's also an opportunity for the people that live in this area that are interested in performing."
The show costs $30 per person. Food and beverage orders are separate.
For reservations, call 775-233-5015 or visit www.poperanv.org.


text:
Q: DataTable: create rows dynamically according to the number of checkboxes selected in the checkbox List I am trying to create a DataTable the number of rows of which needs to be created automatically according to the number of checkboxes checked in my checkbox list:
    Private Function GetRoomTypeIds() As DataTable

Dim dt As New DataTable()
    dt.Columns.AddRange(New DataColumn(1) {New DataColumn("Id", GetType(Integer)), New DataColumn("RoomTypeId", GetType(Integer))})
    dt.Rows.Add(txtId1.Text, chkRoomTypes.SelectedValue)
    Return dt

    End Function

I would need to add something like:
"For Each Checkbox checked in my checkbox list generate the corresponding number of rows."
Thanks

A: I solved as per below code:
Private Function GetRoomTypeIds() As DataTable
        Dim selectedItems = From s In chkRoomTypes.Items.Cast(Of ListItem)
                            Where s.Selected
                            Select s
        Dim itemTable As DataTable
        itemTable = New DataTable("SelectedItems")
        Dim column1 As DataColumn = New DataColumn("RateTypeId")
        column1.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.Int32")
        Dim column2 As DataColumn = New DataColumn("RoomTypeId")
        column2.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.Int32")
        itemTable.Columns.Add(column1)
        itemTable.Columns.Add(column2)
        Dim Row As DataRow
        For Each item In selectedItems
            Row = itemTable.NewRow()
            Row("RateTypeId") = Convert.ToInt32(txtId1.Text)
            Row("RoomTypeId") = item.Value
            itemTable.Rows.Add(Row)
        Next

        Return itemTable
    End Function

Thanks


text:
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SRK's Zero: here is what Lilliput has to say on SRK playing a dwarf in the movie
Actor Lilliput says Shah Rukh Khan should not have done Aanand L Rai's Zero in 2018. He says the film did not show the emotional and social problems of a person with dwarfism
By TellychakkarTeam
03 Dec 2020 12:49 PM
Follow us on Google news to get the best breaking news
MUMBAI: Defining his versatility in several projects across films and television shows veteran actor Lilliput, has said that he was not impressed with Shah Rukh Khan's portrayal of a dwarf in 2018 film, Zero. Lilliput says that the film did not explore the emotional and mental harassment that a little person faces in their life.
Shah Rukh played Bauaa Singh in the movie, which was directed by Aanand L Rai. Bauaa was a quick-witted dwarf who falls for Anushka Sharma's scientist with cerebral palsy. There was also Katrina Kaif, who played a Bollywood star in the movie. The film was about his love story and how he ditches one woman in pursuit of another. The film used special effects to make Shah Rukh appear as a dwarf.
Lilliput, says Shah Rukh should not have taken up the role for two reasons. The first being that there is 'nothing to act' about being a dwarf. "Even when I did not know the story of the film, my reaction was still that Shah Rukh Khan should not have done this film. A normal-looking person can still act as someone who is blind, doesn't have a leg or an arm, is deaf or mute. He will have to act. What is there to 'act' when playing a dwarf? A dwarf speaks, walks, thinks like a normal person. Only his legs and arms are small or he has a distorted figure. But his wit and manner of speaking is no different. When you are playing a blind person, you have to act because you are pretending to be blind even when you can see. When you play a person who cannot walk, you have to pretend to be one and convince the audience of it. How will you convince someone that you are a dwarf? When you are so famous," he said in an interview to Bollywood Hungama.
ALSO READ – (Kiara Advani's witty response on being asked about suggesting a Tinder bio for future co-star Sidharth Malhotra is totally UNMISSABLE )
Lilliput's second grievance with the film was how it did not show the emotional impact that dwarfism has on a person. "When you decided to play a dwarf, you didn't touch upon the emotional, psychological and social problems that dwarves go through. You didn't show the trauma and tragedy of a dwarf. Anushka Sharma played a woman with a far more tragic story than him. She couldn't speak or walk. He was the one jumping around, doing everything, what problem does he have? So even the script was weird. Don't know how someone so intelligent, successful... they too make mistakes," he said. Lilliput added that Shah Rukh could not convince the audience as a dwarf as expertly as he does when he does his romantic movies.
Lilliput, whose short height earned him multiple roles of dwarves over the years, had previously said in an interview that even he is not a dwarf. Even before the film's release, he had said in an interview to The Quint that Shah Rukh didn't look like a dwarf. "Shah Rukh Khan looks short-heighted but not like a dwarf because a dwarf's body structure itself is quite different. He appears to be a normal human being with short height," he had said. The film was a box office and critical flop and Shah Rukh or Anushka have not announced their next projects since.
SOURCE – HINDUSTAN TIMES
ALSO READ – (Rajkummar Rao flaunts muscles, urges fans to work hard on fitness)
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Ayushmann starts shooting for Dream Girl, SRK's take on video quality in India, Saif is proud of sister Soha and other Bollywood updates
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Young Leadership
Coalition for Black and Jewish Unity
Media Placements
2021-2022 Board
Public Invited To Learn How To Advocate For Uyghurs in Crisis
BLOOMFIELD HILLS, Mich. – The Uyghurs, a Muslim-majority Turkic people are facing deplorable human rights abuses at the hands of the Chinese Government. Their plight has garnered the attention of religious and human rights organizations across the globe, including within the Jewish community. The Jewish Community Relations Council/AJC (JCRC/AJC), Uyghur Human Rights Project (UHRP) and European Union of Jewish Students will host "Uyghurs in Crisis: The Jewish Response" at 12:30 p.m. on Thursday, October 22.
Approximately 11 million Uyghurs live in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, which has been under China's control since 1949 and is known to the Uyghur people as East Turkistan. Due to their Muslim faith, more than one million Uyghurs have been interned in hundreds of "re-education centers" within the region since 2017. Likened to concentration camps due to the reported abusive acts taking place there, as well as the presence of watch towers, prison-like gates, armed guards and more, they are purportedly operated outside the Chinese legal system. The country's government has long denied the camps existence, although there are images showing their construction.
"As Jews, we know first-hand what happens when a government aims to extinguish a people – both culturally and physically. We also know what happens when the world sits idly by," said Rabbi Asher Lopatin, Executive Director, Jewish Community Relations Council/AJC. "It is our moral responsibility to stand up for the Uyghur people and join with others of good conscience around the world to end this systematic human rights violation being committed on a vast scale."
The program is slated to include testimony from a Uyghur camp survivor; one-on-one discussion with a Uyghur activist; and remarks from UHRP and former United States Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom David Saperstein. The event will culminate with an overview of the advocacy landscape and how the Jewish community can get involved.
"Uyghurs are facing unrelenting persecution in China. What started as forced assimilation has escalated to genocidal policies meant to eliminate the Uyghur identity," said Omer Kanat, executive director of the Uyghur Human Rights Project. "It is in these moments where cross-community solidarity is so necessary, and potentially so effective."
There is no cost to attend, although registration is required at https://bit.ly/3n7XNCz. Questions? Contact englender@jfmd.org.
JCRC/AJC's mission is to represent the metropolitan Detroit Jewish community, Israel and Jews throughout the world to the general community, and to establish collaborative relationships with other ethnic, racial, civic and religious groups. JCRC/AJC educates and advocates on important issues, seeking consensus with a commitment to Jewish values. For more information visit www.jcrcajc.org.
The Uyghur Human Rights Project promotes the rights of the Uyghurs and other Turkic Muslim peoples in East Turkistan, referred to by the Chinese government as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, through research-based advocacy. It publishes reports and analysis in English and Chinese to defend Uyghurs' civil, political, social, cultural, and economic rights according to international human rights standards.
Founded in 1978 and with its headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, the European Union of Jewish Students (EUJS) is a pluralistic, inclusive and non-partisan umbrella organisation for 36 Jewish student unions across Europe, spanning from Russia to Scandinavia to the United Kingdom. EUJS is the democratic and peer-led representation of roughly 160,000 young Jews in Europe.
« Back to Press Releases
JCRC/AJC's mission is to represent the metropolitan Detroit Jewish community, Israel and Jews throughout the world to the general community, and to establish collaborative relationships with other ethnic, racial, civic and religious groups. JCRC/AJC educates and advocates on important issues, seeking consensus with a commitment to Jewish values.
6735 Telegraph Road Suite #370 | Bloomfield Hills, MI 48301 | info@jcrcajc.org | (248) 642-5393


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Firm demands leading to increased workload
By Brigid O Gorman|07 May 2013
A third of legal practitioners expect to work longer hours in the next 12 months, a new study has revealed.
The Thomson Reuters study on the increasing time demands placed on legal professionals revealed that 55 per cent blamed this increased workload on demands from their employer, with less than a quarter (22%) blaming it on clients expecting more.
A tenth said it was down to there being fewer fee earners in the firm, while 13 per cent blamed cost-cutting.
The study surveyed 140 barristers and solicitors, and only 13 per cent said they saw their workload decreasing in the next year.
Tony Kerin (pictured), the national president of the Australian Lawyers Alliance and the managing director of barrister and solicitor firm Johnston Withers, said he was not surprised by the findings.
"The comment that people are expecting far more for less is certainly true of most parts of the profession," he said.
"Client demand necessarily creates pressures on the business ... we now live in an age where the consumers are well and truly informed.
"I think the concept of consumers being very much more informed adds to the level of work that needs to be done; you can't leave a query unanswered."
The study found that more than half of fee earners (57%) worked an additional 10 hours each week above their contract hours, while a fifth (21%) worked an extra 15 hours, and 11 per cent averaged 20 extra hours. A dedicated six per cent worked an average of 30 extra hours each week, and the vast majority of respondents (80%) were not paid for overtime.
Kerin said that working those sorts of hours was "not good ... it can lead to a poor work-life balance; that's a phrase that's overused but that's what it does lead to".
"I think the profession has always been labour intensive and it still is, and it's very difficult to remove that need for that intensity, even if you do have technology, because ultimately we're not machines," he said.
"We're people who have to use judgement and discretion and that is honed over years of practical experience and demand goes up if you're any good at it."
The tech factor
The majority of those surveyed said new technologies had helped them work more efficiently, reducing the time they had to spend on administrative duties and conducting legal research.
"I think that technology will come to assist with efficiency far more than it does now," said Kerin.
However, he added, technology also means lawyers are always accessible: "The day of being unavailable [to clients] is just about disappearing."
The study surveyed 55 barristers and 85 lawyers working in private practice at medium (21-50 practitioners) and large (51-250 practitioners) law firms, and found that those in private practice are working longer hours, with 40 per cent of private practice respondents expecting to work longer hours in the next 12 months, compared to 20 per cent of barristers.
Kerin admitted that being self-employed probably made it easier for barristers to achieve more balance: "Barristers do have the ability to regulate themselves ... and some do find work-life balance really well; others are at it just as hard as any full-time solicitor ... it just depends on the make-up of the character."
Brigid O Gorman
Last Updated: 07 May 2013 Published: 07 May 2013


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WRITTEN QUESTIONS FROM COUNCILLORS
The following questions have been received from Councillors and will be taken as read along with the written answer which will be included in an addendum that will be circulated at the meeting:
(1) Councillor Platts:
Will the Council consider improving the facilities, interior and area around Damson Block, Bowring Way on the Bristol Estate in East Brighton Ward?
This block needs some basic decoration internally and the public areas need to be upgraded. Lockdown has highlighted a poor internet connection to some parts of the block which is not strong enough to stream or pick up Freeview television as well as making it difficult for households to work from home or access Council services online. There is no TV aerial because that was removed. Residents would like to have fibre optic cable brought into the block.
The area around Damson block also needs serious attention. Cars and vans are frequently parked illegally and contractors' vehicles have been parked on the grassed areas over many months now. This has churned up the grass making it muddy and unattractive. This area is the residents garden and it is not acceptable for contractors to keep claiming the Council has allowed them to park there. Internally, the bin and storage areas have been reported several times recently for overflowing rubbish and drug taking. The residents of this block want the Council to take some action on improvements; to stop illegal parking and to have a named housing officer responsible for each block so that actions needed can be noted and tracked.
Reply from Councillor Gibson / Hugh-Jones, Joint Chair of the Housing Committee
Parking at Black Rock and on Madeira Drive - Can the Council confirm the amount of car parking spaces in Black Rock car park; to what extent these spaces have been under-used since the re-opening of Madeira Drive for car parking and the amount of parking on Madeira Drive itself?
Can you list separately the amount of revenue generated by use of on street parking in Madeira Drive and the Black Rock car park for the same period plus the parking charges per hour?
Reply from Councillor Heley, Chair of the Environment, Transport & Sustainability Committee
(3) Councillor Allcock:
Labour was pleased to work cross party with the Greens to include School Streets as part of the Emergency Traffic Measures introduced during the Covid pandemic and we welcome the Administrations continuation of this scheme. The Council has said that the scheme will be reviewed after six months and that the impact of the measures will be monitored. Please can you provide details on:
• What form the review will take and what factors will be used to assess future viability;
• What plans are in place to move to a more permanent School Street arrangement at the schools where the scheme is judged to be successful; and
• How the schools involved and the fantastic School Street volunteers who work in all weathers are being updated on progress.
(4) Councillor Fishleigh:
E-Scooters on the Undercliff between The Marina and Saltdean
Please will the council erect large signs at all five access points onto the undercliff as well as by the three cafes on the seafront so that everyone knows that it is against the law to ride e-scooters down there.
There are two access points in Saltdean, one in Rottingdean, one in Roedean and one at the marina.
Cityclean Service over Christmas and New Year.
What measures have been put in place to ensure that both communal and household recycling and general waste bins will be emptied on a regular basis over Christmas and New Year and that we will not see a repeat of the overflowing bins and non-collections experienced last December, January and February?
Additional Communal Recycling and General Waste Bins
Please can we have extra communal general waste and recycling bins in the following areas in Rottingdean Coastal over Christmas and New Year?
These are areas with hundreds of flats and fewer car users: Sussex Square, The Arundels, Rottingdean recycling point, Saltdean recycling points x 2.
(7) Councillor Barnett:
Benfield Valley
Brighton & Hove City Council's Property Team, after extensive research, has advised the following:
That there is nothing to suggest from the property register that the lease dated 27/10/92 made between Hove Borough Council & Sainsbury Plc has been varied or that a sublease for 7 years or more has been granted (there is no requirement to register a lease for 7 years or less at the land registry).
The 1992 lease includes the following provisions of note:
(13) COVENANT TO KEEP VACANT LAND IN PROPER ORDER
To keep the land not occupied by buildings in a clean well cultivated and proper condition so far as is appropriate to the actual use of the Premises and so as not to cause injury to the environment of the area or any adjoining land and to forthwith comply at its own expense with any notice of a relevant authority whether served on the Tenant or the Landlord reasonably requiring the abatement of any such injury.
(14) TO PRESERVE TREES ETC
To keep trees shrubs and hedging on the Premises in good order and condition so far as reasonably possible and properly tended cultivated in accordance with the principles of good husbandry and pruned or trimmed and to replace all losses PROVIDED that so to do shall not interfere unreasonably with the use of the Premises for outdoor recreational and leisure purposes AND PROVIDED FURTHER that the same quantities of trees shrubs and hedging as at the date hereof shall be maintained hereafter and any revised layout thereof shall (before removal of the existing trees and shrubs and hedging) first be agreed with the Landlord which shall act reasonably in reaching such agreement with the Tenant
(16) NOT TO MAKE ALTERATIONS OR ADDITIONS
Not to erect any new or additional buildings on the Premises or any part thereof or make any alteration or addition whatsoever to the exterior of the buildings without the Landlord's written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) PROVIDED that it shall be unreasonable for the Landlord to withhold consent with regard to any application for consent to build or to make alterations or additions to buildings used for or ancillary to a use permitted by Clause 3(8) hereof.
(18) NOT TO ASSIGN ETC WITHOUT CONSULTATION/CONSENT AND ASSIGNMENT ETC TO A COMPANY
The Tenant covenants with the Landlord not to share possession or occupation or grant licence to use or grant third party rights over the Premises or any part or parts thereof
According to the official copy of register of title (Land Registry) the following information relating to the current tenants Benfield Investments Limited regarding the title absolute:
§ (27/09/2004) PROPRIETOR: BENFIELD INVESTMENTS LIMITED (Co. Regn. No. 5121561) of 73 Church Road, Hove E Sussex BN3 2BB.
§ RESTRICTION: Except under an order of the registrar no disposition of the land edged blue on the filed plan or any part thereof made before 12 May 2080 is to be registered without the consent of Capital and Regional Estates Limited or their successors in title in accordance with clauses 7.1 and 7.2 of the Transfer dated 12 May 2000 referred to in the Charges Register.
§ The price stated to have been paid on 10 September 2004 was £625,000 According to an Option Agreement lodged with the Land Registry dated 25/07/2016:
§ Benfield Investments Limited signed an Option Agreement with Futureform Global Investments Limited offering the land for development of 814 dwellings with a purchase price of £25,236,750
Given the information above, including the confirmation that the 1992 lease is still in effect, I have the following questions:
1. Has the Tenant Benfield Investments Limited broken section 3 clause 14 of the lease above by clearing a large area of land, as reported by the Argus on 5 April 2017? https://www.theargus.co.uk/news/15203948.amp/
2. Has the Tenant Benfield Investments Limited broken section 3 clause 16 of the lease by signing an option agreement with Futureform Global Investments in 2016?
3. Has the Tenant Benfield Investments broken section 3 clause 18 of the lease by subletting the land to Brighton Footgolf?
Reply from Councillor Mac Cafferty, Leader of the Council
At the last council meeting I asked you the following oral question:
I refer to the council land comprising Benfield Valley Golf Course that I understand is currently on a long-lease.
Residents in my ward have since 2006 had to fight against proposal after proposal for housing developments on this land.
I recently met with one of the leaseholders who said he would be happy to enter negotiations with the council to discuss the council potentially buying back the long-lease.
Will the Leader of this Green Council consider buying back the long-lease and making the land part of the South Downs National Park to end these perpetual battles and protect it for ever from development for the benefit of our City.
In your response you said you would investigate the matter and write back to me. I have not yet received the response promised.
Please could you write back to me so that I can advise residents in my ward?
(9) Councillor Simson:
South Down Riding School
Please can I have the information asked of the Chief Executive of the Council on the 8th October with a reminder sent on the 19th October? Has Southdown Riding School, at the top of Bear Road, been informed by the council, as the landlord, that they have to vacate the premises next year and is this with the intention of building on the land as one of the urban fringe sites that residents are fighting so hard to stop the development of in City Plan part 2?
(10) Councillor Simson:
Empty Council Houses
Please can you tell me how many empty council homes there are in the city currently, how long the longest one has been empty for, and why the Council is ripping out perfectly good fittings from vacated homes at enormous expense when it was agreed several years ago this wasn't going to be done anymore?
Reply from Councillor Gibson/Hugh-Hugh-Jones, Joint Chair of the Housing Committee
(11) Councillor Mears:
Update on Re[airs & Maintenance to Council Housing Stock
Following on from a report - Update on Repairs & Maintenance to Council Housing Stock - that went to the Housing Committee on the 16th September 2020, why was the internal Audit report presented to Audit and Standards committee on the 27th November 2020 never been shown to the Housing Committee on the 16th September or the 18th November committee meeting?
The Housing Committee has Delegated Powers under the Council's Constitution. Therefore, this also raises a number of other questions:
1. After spending £9.3m the procurement reports states that Service Management has identified that it requires additional resources to deliver a full service. How much extra is needed, and when will this be reported to Housing committee as this is paid from the HRA Budget?
2. The conclusion in the October 2020 report states that only Partial Assurance can be given on the operation of the new service and related systems. When will Full Assurance be given for the service?
3. Audit found that the service has not yet contracted with enough subcontractors to meet the needs of the service. When will this be put in place?
4. The internal Audit report includes eight high priority actions for improvement, which have been agreed with management. Please give details of all eight actions needed.
Please give details of the medium priority actions needed for improvement with the service.
(12) Councillor McNair:
Mobile Phone Masts
Through what mechanism, for example a supplementary planning document, could 5G mast developers with prior approval be required to provide suitable camouflaging of cabinets and base stations, and would you support the implementation of such a mechanism?
(13) Councillor Theobald:
Patcham Roundabout
The Patcham roundabout (London Road) is the gateway to the City for many visitors and residents of the City.
The roundabout is in a very poor condition and has been for many years now. It is not a good advert for our City and disappointing for residents who want to see our city kept well presented.
Patcham Councillors were promised that work would start this year on landscaping the roundabout to improve the visual amenity of this entry point to the City.
This hasn't happened to date.
Please provide an update on the status of this work.


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