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Division of Public Health
Global Health Grand Rounds
Utah Campus
Ghana & Paris
The Division of Public Health has a 20 year history of global health scholarship founded on principles of community engagement and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR). We cultivate long-term global partnerships that provide a strong foundation for global health education, research, and innovation. Our students can study at our U.S. or Asia campuses and participate in faculty-led global health learning abroad programs in Ghana, India, Peru, Bhutan and South Korea. We have recently added a concentration in global health for the MPH degree and aim to prepare students with relevant skills for global health careers.
Public Health Degrees & Certificates
Utah Asia Campus
Global Health Concentration (MPH)
Global Health Graduate Certificate
Global Health Faculty
World Class Public Health
One Program: Two Continents
USA - Salt Lake City Campus
The campus is location provides opportunities for students to be involved with the community and research. Salt Lake City is home to the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Hospitals and Clinics, the Utah Department of Health, many NGOs and non-profit organizations, and governmental agencies. The University of Utah is a "Research I" university, signifying that the institution is involved in the highest levels of research activity.
Asia - Songdo, South Korea
The Master of Public Health (MPH) degree offered by the Division of Public Health at the University of Utah Asia Campus provides a comprehensive education which covers the principles of public health and their practical application to practice while stressing the qualities of leadership and teamwork. Our classes are enhanced by real-world case studies, the opportunity for students to conduct their practicum at sites worldwide, and the option to participate in our structured Learning Abroad program.
Bringing the Best Back to Utah
By participating in Global Public Health programs, Utah students and faculty are expanding their world-view and learning new ways of delivering health services. The knowledge, understanding and respect gained from working alongside people of different traditions and beliefs are transforming values in both cultures.
Sharon L. Talboys, PhD, MPH
Director of Learning Abroad & Continuing Education
sharon.talboys@utah.edu
Kyra Solis
Study Abroad Advisor/Coordinator
kyra.solis@utah.edu


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Biología – La ciencia natural  que estudia la vida. Las áreas de enfoque incluyen estructura, función, crecimiento, origen, evolución, distribución, y taxonomía.

Historia de la biología

 Historia de la anatomía
 Historia de la bioquímica
 Historia de la biotecnología
 Historia de la ecología
 Historia de la genética
 Historia del pensamiento evolutivo:
 El eclipse del Darwinismo – Catastrofismo – Lamarckismo – Orthogénesis – Mutacionismo – Estructuralismo – Vitalismo
 Síntesis evolutiva moderna
 Historia de la evolución molecular
 Historia de la especiación
 Historia de la medicina
 Historia de los organismos modelos
 Historia de la biología molecular
 Historia natural
 Historia de la sistemática de plantas

Visión general

 Biología
 Ciencia
 Vida
 Propiedades: Adaptación – procesamiento de Energía – Crecimiento – Orden – Homeóstasis – Reproducción – Respuesta al entorno
 Organización biológica: átomo – molécula – célula – tejido – órgano – sistema de órganos – organismo – población – comunidad – ecosistema – biósfera
 Aproximación: Reduccionismo – propiedad emergente – mecanicismo
 Biología como ciencia:
 Ciencia natural
 Método científico: observación – pregunta de investigación – hipótesis – testabilidad – predicción – experimento – datos – estadísticas
 Teoría científica – ley científica
 Método de búsqueda
 Lista de métodos de investigación en la biología
 Literatura científica
 Lista de revistas de biología: revisión por pares

Base química
Esbozo de la bioquímica

 Átomos y moléculas
 Asunto – elemento – átomo – protón – neutrón – electrón - modelo de Bohr – isótopo – enlace químico – enlace iónico – iones – enlace covalente – enlace de hidrógeno – molécula
 Agua:
 Propiedades de agua – solvente – cohesión – tensión de superficial – Adhesión – pH
 Compuestos orgánicos:
 Carbono – enlaces carbono-carbono – hidrocarburo – monosacárido – aminoácidos – nucleótido – grupo funcional – monómero – adenosín trifosfato (ATP)– lípidos – aceite – azúcar – vitaminas – neurotransmisor – cera
 Macromoléculas:
 Polisacárido: celulosa – carbohidrato – quitina – glucógeno – almidón
 Proteínas: estructura primaria – estructura secundaria – estructura terciaria – conformación – estado nativo – plegamiento de proteínas – enzima – receptor – receptor transmembranal  – canal de ion – proteína transportadora de membrana – colágeno – pigmentos: chlorofila – carotenoide – xantófila – melanina – prion
 Lípidos: membrana de célula – grasas – fosfolípidos
 Ácidos nucleicos: ADN – ARN

Células
Esbozo de la biología celular

 Estructura de la célula:
 La célula acuñada por Robert Hooke
 Técnicas: cultura de célula – microscopio – microscopio óptico – microscopio de electrones – SEM – TEM
 Orgánulos: Citoplasma – Vacuola – Peroxisoma – Plasto
 Núcleo de célula
 Nucleoplasma – Nucleolo – Cromatina – Cromosoma
 Endomembrane Sistema
 Envoltura nuclear – Retículo endoplasmático – Aparato de Golgi – Vesículas – Lisosoma
 Creadores de energía: Mitocondria y Cloroplasto
 Membranas biológicas:
 Membrana plasmática – membrana Mitocondrial – membrana del cloroplasto
 Otro subcellular características: pared celular – pseudópodo – citoesqueleto – huso acromático – flagelo – cilio
 Transporte de célula: Difusión – Ósmosis – isotónica – transporte activo – fagocitosis
 Reproducción celular: citocinesis – centrómero – meiosis
 Reproducción nuclear: mitosis – interfase – profase – metafase – anafase – telofase
 Muerte de célula programada – apoptosis – senescencia celular
 Metabolismo:
 Enzima - energía de activación - proteólisis @– cooperatividad
 Respiración celular
 Glucólisis – Complejo de Piruvato dehidrogenasa – ciclo de Krebs – cadena de transporte de electrones – fermentación
 Fotosíntesis
 Fase luminodependiente – ciclo de Calvin
 Ciclo celular
 mitosis – Cromosoma – ploidía – diploidía – poliploidía – profase – metafase – anafase – citocinesis – meiosis

Genética
Esbozo de la Genética

 Herencia
 Herencia – Herencia Mendeliana – gen – locus – carácter biológico – alelo – polimorfismo – homocigoto – heterocigoto – híbrido – hibridación – cruza dihíbrida – Cuadro de Punnett @– endogamia
 Distinción de Genotipo–Fenotipo – genotipo – fenotipo – gen dominante – gen recesivo
 Interacciones genéticas – Ley de la segregación de Mendel – mosaico genético – efecto maternal – penetrancia genética – complementación – supresión – epistasia – ligamiento
 Organismos modelo: Drosophila – Arabidopsis – Caenorhabditis elegans – ratón – Saccharomyces cerevisiae – Escherichia coli – Fago lambda – Xenopus – pollo – Danio rerio – Ciona intestinalis – amphioxus
 Técnicas: pantalla genética – mapa de conexión – mapa genético
 ADN
 La doble hélice del ácido nucleico
 Nucleobase: Adenina (Un) – Citosina (C) – Guanina (G) – Timina (T) – Uracito (U)
 Replicación de ADN – mutación – tasa de mutación – corrección de errores – reparación de discrepancias en ADN – mutación de punto – entrecruzamiento – recombinación – plásmido – transposón
 Expresión de gen
 Dogma central de biología molecular: nucleosoma – código genético – codón – factor de transcripción – transcripción – traducción – ARN – histona – telómero
 heterocromatina – Promotor – ARN polimerasa
 Proteína biosintetizada – ribosomas
 Control de gen
 operón – Activador – represor – corepresor – enhancer – empalme alternativo
 Genoma
 secuenciación de ADN – secuenciación de alto rendimiento – bioinformática
 Proteoma – proteómica – metaboloma – metabolómica
 Prueba de paternidad con ADN
 Biotecnología (ve también Esbozo de técnicas bioquímicas y biología Molecular):
 Impresión de ADN por medio de huellas – impresión genética con huellas – microsatélite – bloqueo de geners – impronta genética – Genómica de interferencia del ARN – biología computacional – bioinformática – electroforesis en gel – transformación – PCR – mutagénesis en PCR – partidor – excursionismo de cromosoma – RFLP – enzima de restricción – secuenciamiento – secuenciamiento con escopeta – clonación – cultivo – chip de ADN – electroforesis – etiqueta de proteína – cromatografía de inmunoafinidad – difracción de radiografía – Proteómica – espectrometría de masas
 Genes, desarrollo, y evolución
 Apoptosis
 Modelo de bandera francesa
 Formación de patrones
 Caja de herramientas genéticas Evo-devo
 Factor de transcripción

Evolución
Esbozo de evolución (ve también biología evolutiva)

 Procesos evolutivos
 Evolución
 microevolución: Adaptación – selección – selección natural – selección direccional – selección sexual – deriva genética – reproducción sexual – reproducción asexual – colonia – frecuencia de alelo – teoría neutralista de la evolución molecular – genética de poblaciones – principio de Hardy-Weinberg
 Especiación
 Especie

 Filogenia
 Apellido (evolución) – árbol filogenético – cladísticas – especies– taxón – clado – monofilético – polifilético – parafilético – herencia genética – carácter biológico – secuencia de ácido nucleico – sinapomorfia – homología – reloj molecular – grupo externo (cladística) – parsimonia máxima (filogenética) – Filogenética Computacional
 Taxonomía Linnaea: Carl Linnaeus – dominio (biología) – reino (biología) – filo – clase (biología) – orden (biología) – familia (biología) – género – especies
 Sistema de tres dominios: Archaea – Bacteria – Eukaryota – Protista – Fungi – Plantae – Animalia
 Nomenclatura binomial: clasificación científica – Homo sapiens

 Historia de vida
 Abiogénesis – organización biológica – Experimento de Miller–Urey
 Macroevolución: rediación adaptiva – evolución convergente – extinción – extinción masiva – fósil – tafonomía – escala temporal geológica – tectónica de placas – deriva continental – Especiación alopátrica – Gondwana – Pangea – endosimbiosis

Diversidad

 Bacteria y Archaea
 Protista
 Diversidad de Plantae
 Algas verdes
 Chlorophyta
 Charophyta
 Bryophytas
 Hepaticophyta
 Anthocerotophyta
 Musgos
 Pteridophyta
 Lycophyta
 Filicopsida
 Plantas de semilla - Spermatophyta
 Cycadophyta
 Ginkgoales
 Pinidae
 Gnetales
 Angiospermae
 Fungi
 Levadura – molde (hongo) – seta
 Diversidad de Animalia
 Invertebrados:
 Esponjas - Porifera – Cnidaria – Coral – Medusas - Medusozoa – Hydra (género) – Anémona de mar - Actiniaria
 Platyhelminthes – Nematoda
 Arthropoda: Crustácea – Chelicerata – Myriapoda – Arachnida – Insecta – Annelida – Mollusca
 Vertebrata:
 Pez– Agnatha – Chondrichthyes – Osteichthyes
 Tiktaalik
 Tetrápoda
 Amphibia
 Reptilia
 Aves
 Aves no voladoras – Neognathae – Dinosauria
 Mamíferos - Mammalia
 Placentalia: Primates
 Marsupialia
 Monotremata
 Virus
 Virus ADN – virus ARN – retroviruses - Retroviridae

Formación y función de plantas

 Cuerpo de planta
 Sistemas de órgano: raíz – brote – tallo – hoja – flor
 Nutrición de planta y transporte
 Tejido vascular – corteza (botánica) – Banda de Caspary – Turgencia – Xilema – Floema – Transpiración – madera – tronco (botánica)
 Desarrollo de la planta
 Tropismo – taxis
 Semilla – Cotiledón – Meristema – Meristemo apical – Cámbium vascular – Felógeno
 Alternancia de generaciones – Gametófito – Antheridio – Arquegonio – Esporófito – Espora – Esporangio
 Reproducción de planta
 Angiospermae – flor – reproducción – esperma – polinización – autopolinización – polinización cruzada – néctar – polen
 Respuestas de planta
 Hormona de planta – maduración – fruto – Etileno como una hormona de planta – toxina – polinizador – fototropismo – skototropismo – fototropina – fitocromo – auxina – fotoperiodismo – gravedad

Función y formas animales

 Características generales: morfología (biología) – anatomía – fisiología – tejidos biológicos – órgano (biología) – sistemas de órgano
 Agua y equilibrio de sal
 Fluidos de cuerpo: presión osmótica –  composición iónica – volumen
 Difusión – ósmosis) – Tonicidad – sodio – potasio – calcio – cloruro
 Excreción
 Nutrición y digestión
 Sistema digestivo: estómago – intestino – hígado – nutrición – metabolismo de grupos nutritivos primarios – riñón – excreción
 Respiración
 Aparato respiratorio: pulmones
 Circulación
 Aparato circulatorio: corazón – arteria – vena – capilar sanguíneo – Sangre – célula de sangre
 Sistema linfático: ganglio linfático
 Músculos y movimiento
 Sistema esquelético: hueso – cartílago – articulación – tendón
 Sistema muscular: músculo – actina – miosina – reflejo
 Sistema nervioso
 Neurona – dendrita – axón – nervio – gradiente electroquímico – electrofisiología – potencial de acción – transducción de señal – sinapsis – receptor
 Sistema nervioso central: cerebro – cordón espinal
 Sistema límbico – memoria – sistema vestibular
 Sistema nervioso periférico
 Sistema nervioso sensorial: ojo – visión – audición – propriocepción – olfato –
 Sistema tegumentario: célula de piel
 Control hormonal
 Sistema endocrino: hormona
 Reproducción animal
 Sistema reproductivo: testículo – ovario – embarazo
 Sistema reproductivo de peces
 Sistema reproductivo mamífero
 Sistema reproductivo humano
 Pene mamífero
 Básculo
 Espinas peniles
 Genitalia de delfínes mulares
 Genitalia de marsupiales
 Sistema reproductivo equino
 Sistema genitourinario de artiodactyla
 Anatomía Reproductiva del Toro
 Sistema reproductivo de Carnívora
 Fossa (Animal)#Externo genitalia
 Hembra genitalia de spotted hienas
 Anatomía de gato#Genitalia
 Genitalia De perros
 Pene canino
 Bulbus glandis
 Desarrollo animal
 Célula madre – blástula – gástrula – huevo (biología) – feto – placenta - gameto – espermátida – óvulo – cigoto – embrión – diferenciación celular – morfogénesis – homeobox
 Sistema inmunitario
 Anticuerpo – huésped – vacuna – leucocitos – SIDA – linfocito T– leucocito
 Comportamiento animal
 Comportamiento: apareamiento – comunicación animal – buscar refugio – migración (ecología)
 Patrón de acción fija
 Altruismo (biología)

Ecología
Esbozo de ecología

 Ecosistemas:
 Ecología – Biodiversidad – hábitat – plancton – thermoclina – saprobo
 Componente abiótico: agua – luz – radiación – temperatura – humedad – atmósfera – acidez
 Microorganismo – biomasa  – materia orgánica – descomponedor – descomposición – carbono – ciclo de nutrientes – energía solar – topografía – Tierra – Barlovento y sotavento – Temperatura  de precipitación – bioma

 Poblaciones
 Ecología de población: organismo – área geográfica – reproducción sexual – densidad de población – crecimiento de población – índice de natalidad – Índice de mortalidad – índice de inmigración – crecimiento exponencial – capacidad de carga – función logística – medio ambiente natural – competición (biología) – apareamiento – dispersión biológica – endémico (ecología) – curva de crecimiento (biología) – agua potable hábitat – recurso – población humana – tecnología – revolución Verde

 Comunidades
 Comunidad (ecología) – nicho ecológico – especie clave – mimetismo – simbiosis – polinización – mutualismo – comensalismo – parasitismo – depredación – especie invasora – heterogeneidad medioambiental – efecto de borde
 Interacciones consumidor-recurso: cadena trófica – red trófica – autótrofo – heterótrofo – herbívoro – carnívoro – nivel trófico

 Biósfera
 Litósfera – atmósfera – hydrósfera
 Ciclo biogeoquímico: ciclo de nitrógeno – ciclo de carbono – ciclo de agua
 Cambio de clima: combustible Fósil – carbón – aceite – gas natural – consumo de energía Mundial – retroalimentación del cambio climático – Albedo – fregadero de Carbono de vapor de agua

 Conservación
 Biodiversidad – hábitats – servicios de Ecosistema – pérdida de biodiversidad – extinción – Sostenibilidad – extinción del Holoceno

Ramas

 Anatomía – estudio de la forma en animales, plantas y otros organismos, o específicamente en humanos. Sencillamente, el estudio de estructura interna de organismos vivos.
 Anatomía comparada – el estudio de la evolución de especies a través de semejanzas y diferencias en su anatomía.
 Osteología – Estudio de los huesos.
 Osteomyoarthrology – El estudio del aparato de movimiento, incluyendo huesos, articulaciones, ligamentos y músculos.
 Viscerología – El estudio de los órganos
 Neuroanatomía – El estudio del sistema nervioso.
 Histología – también conocida como anatomía microscópica o microanatomía, la rama de biología qué estudia la anatomía microscópica de tejidos biológicos.
 Astrobiología – estudio del origen, evolución temprana, distribución, y del futuro de la vida en el universo. También conocida como exobiología, y bioastronomía.
 Bioarchaeología – Estudio de restos humanos de sitios arqueológicos.
 Bioquímica – el estudio de las reacciones químicas requeridas por formas de vida para existir y funcionar, normalmente en un enfoque a nivel celular.
 Antropología biocultural – el estudio de las relaciones entre cultura y biología humanas.
 Biogeografía – estudio de la distribución de especies spacial y temporal.
 Biolingüistica – Estudio de la biología y la evolución de lengua.
 Economía ecológica – un campo interdisciplinario en que la interacción de la economía y biología humanas está estudiada.
 Biofísica – estudio de procesos biológicos a través de los métodos tradicionalmente utilizados en las ciencias físicas.
 Biomecánica – El estudio de la mecánica de seres vivos.
 Neurofísica – Estudio del desarrollo del sistema nervioso en un nivel molecular.
 Biología cuántica – aplicación de mecánica cuántica y química teórica a problemas y objetos biológicos.
 Virofísica – Estudio de la mecánica y la dinámica que conducen las interacciones entre virus y células.
 Biotecnología – rama nueva y a veces polémica de biología que estudia la manipulación de materia viva, incluyendo su modificación genética y biología sintética.
 Bioinformática – Uso de la tecnología de información para el estudio, colección, y almacenamiento de información genética y biológica.
 Ingeniería biológica – Estudio de la biología a través del medio de ingeniería con un énfasis en el conocimiento aplicado y en especial relacionado con la biotecnología.
 Biología sintética – investiga integrar biología e ingeniería; construcción de las funciones biológicas no encontradas en naturaleza.
 Botánica – Estudio de las plantas.
 Fotobiología – Estudio científico de las interacciones de luz (técnicamente, radiación no ionizadora) y organismos vivientes. El campo incluye el estudio de la fotosíntesis, fotomorfogénesis, procesamiento visual, ritmos circadianos, bioluminiscencia, y efectos de radiación ultravioleta.
 Ficología – Estudio científico de algas.
 Fisiología vegetal – subdisciplina de la botánica que oncierne al funcionamiento, o fisiología, de las plantas.
 Biología celular – estudio de la célula como unidad completa, y las interacciones moleculares y químicas que ocurren dentro de una célula viviente.
 Histología – estudio de la anatomía de células y tejidos de las plantas y los animales que utilizan microscopia.
 Cronobiología – Campo de la biología que examina periodicamente (cíclico) fenómenos en organismos vivientes y su adaptación a ritmos relacionados al sol y la luna.
 Dendrocronología – estudio de anillos de árbol, utilizándoles para datar el año exacto en que fueron formados para analizar condiciones atmosféricas durante periodos diferentes en historia natural.
 Biología del desarrollo – estudio de los procesos a través de los cuales un organismo se forma, desde un cigoto hasta una estructura completa.
 Embriología – estudio del desarrollo de embrión (de fecundación al nacimiento).
 Gerontología – estudio de procesos de envejecimiento.
 Ecología – estudio de las interacciones de organismos vivientes con uno otro y con los elementos no vivientes de su entorno.
 Epidemiología – componente importante de búsqueda de salud pública, estudiando los factores que afectan la salud de poblaciones.
 Biología evolutiva – estudio del origen y descenso de especies con el tiempo.
 Biología del desarrollo evolutiva – campo de biología que compara los procesos del desarrollo de organismos diferentes para determinar la relación ancestral entre ellos, y para descubrir cómo evolucionaron los procesos del desarrollo.
 Paleobiología – Disciplina que combina los métodos y hallazgos de las ciencias de la vida con los métodos y hallazgos de la ciencia de la Tierra, paleontología.
 Paleoantropología – El estudio de evidencia de fósil para evolución humana, principalmente utilizando restos de hominin extintos y otra especie primate para determinar los cambios morfológicos y conductuales en el linaje humano, así como el entorno en que la evolución humana ocurrió.
 Paleobotánica – Estudio de plantas de fósil.
 Paleontología – estudio de fósiles y a veces evidencia geográfica de vida prehistórica.
 Paleopatología – El estudio de las condiciones patógenas observables en huesos o tejido blando momificable, y en desórdenes nutriticionales, variación en estatura o morfología de huesos con el tiempo, evidencia de trauma físico, o evidencia de estrés biomecánico ocupacionalmente derivado.
 Genética – estudio de los genes y la herencia.
 Genética cuantitativa – estudio de fenotipos que varían continuamente (en caracteres tales como altura o masa)—contrario a fenotipos discretamente identificables y productos de genes (como color de ojos, o la presencia de algún bioquímico en particular.
 Geobiología – Estudio de las interacciones entre la Tierra física y la biósfera.
 Inmunología – estudio de sistemas inmunes en todos los organismos.
 Biología marina – estudio de los ecosistemas de océano, plantas, animales, y otros seres vivos.
 Microbiología – estudio de organismos microscópicos (microorganismos) y sus interacciones con otros seres vivientes.
 Bacteriología – estudio de las bacterias
 Micología – estudio de fungi
 Parasitología – Estudio de los parásitos y parasitismo.
 Virología – estudio de virus
 Biología molecular – estudio de la biología y funciones biológicas en el nivel molecular, con alguna cruz encima de bioquímica.
 Biología estructural – una rama de la biología molecular, bioquímica, y la biofísica concerniente a la estructura molecular de macromoléculas biológicas.
 Neurociencia – estudio del sistema nervioso, incluyendo anatomía, fisiología y propiedades emergentes.
 Psicobiología – estudio de la fisiología, genética, y mecanismos del desarrollo de comportamiento en humanos y otros animales.
 Neurociencia celular – estudio de las neuronas en un nivel celular.
 Neurociencia cognitiva – estudio de substratos biológicos subyacentes a la cognición, con un foco en los substratos neuronales de procesos mentales.
 Neurociencia computacional – estudio de la información que procesa funciones del sistema nervioso, y el uso de ordenadores digitales para estudiar el sistema nervioso.
 Neurociencia del desarrollo – estudio de la base celular de desarrollo de cerebro que estudia los mecanismos subyacentes.
 Neurociencia molecular – estudio de la biología del sistema nervioso con biología molecular, genética molecular, química de proteína y metodologías relacionadas.
 Neuroanatomía – Estudio de la anatomía del tejido nervioso y estructuras neuronales del sistema nervioso.
 Neuroendocrinología – Estudia la interacción entre el sistema nervioso y el sistema endocrino, que es cómo el cerebro regula la actividad hormonal en el cuerpo.
 Neuroetología – Estudio del comportamiento animal y su control mecanístico subyacente por el sistema nervioso.
 Neuroimmunología – Estudio del sistema nervioso, en conjunto con el sistema inmune.
 Neurofarmacología – Estudio de cómo los fármacos afectan la función celular en el sistema nervioso.
 Neurofisiología – Estudio de la función (en contraste con la estructura) del sistema nervioso.
 Neurociencia de sistemas – estudio de la función de sistemas y circuitos neuronales. Es un término de paraguas , que abarca un número de áreas de estudio que conciernen el cómo las células nerviosas se comportan cuando estas son conectadas juntas para formar redes neuronales.
 Fisiología – estudio del funcionamiento interno de los organismos.
 Endocrinología – estudio del sistema endocrino.
 Oncología – estudio de los procesos de cáncer, incluyendo virus o mutación, oncogénesis, angiogénesis y reestructuración de tejidos.
 Biología de sistemas – modelado de sistemas biológicos computacionales.
 Biología teórica – el modelado matemático de fenómenos biológicos.
 Zoología – estudio de los animales, incluyendo su clasificación, fisiología, desarrollo, y comportamiento. Algunas subramas incluyen:
 Arthropodología – La disciplina biológica que concierne al estudio de los artrópodos, un filo de animales que incluye los insectos, arácnidos, crustáceos y otros aquellos caracterizados por la posesión de extremidades unidas.
 Acarología – Estudio del taxon de arácnidos que contiene ácaros y garrapatas.
 Aracnología – Estudio científico de las arañas y animales relacionados como escorpiones, pseudoescorpiones, segadoras, en conjunto llamados arácnidos.
 Entomología – estudio de los insectos.
 Coleopterología – Estudio de los escarabajos.
 Lepidopterología – Estudio de un orden grande de insectos que incluye polillas y mariposas (llamados lepidópteras).
 Myrmecología – Estudio científico de las hormigas.
 Carcinología – Estudio de los crustáceos.
 Myriapodología – Estudio de centípedos, millípedos, y otros miriápodos.
  – estudio científico del comportamiento animal, normalmente con un foco en eñ comportamiento bajo condiciones naturales.
 Helmintología – Estudio de los gusanos, especialmente gusanos parásitos.
 Herpetología – estudio de anfibios (incluyendo ranas, sapos, salamandras, tritones, y gimnofiona) y reptiles (incluyendo culebras, lagartos, anfisbénidos, tortugas, terrapinas, crocodilos, y el tuátaras).
 Batracología – Subdisciplina de la herpetología concerniente al estudio de anfibios solamente.
 Ictiología – estudio de peces. Esto incluye peces huesudos (Osteichtitas), peces cartilaginosos (Chondrichthtitas), y peces sin mandíbula (Agnatha).
 Malacología – rama de zoología de invertebrados qué estudia a Mollusca (moluscos), el segundo filo más grande de animales en términos de especies descritas después de los artrópodos.
 Teuthología – Rama de Malacología que trata el estudio de los cefalópodos.
 Mastozoología – estudio de los mamíferos, una clase de vertebrados con características como metabolismo homeotérmico, piel, corazones de cuatro cámaras, y sistemas nerviosos complejos. La mastozoología también ha sido nombrada "mastología," "teriología," y "terología." hay aproximadamente 4,200 especies diferente de animales que son consideradas mamíferos.
 Cetología – Rama de la ciencia de los mamíferos marinos que estudia aproximadamente ochenta especies de ballenas, delfines, y marsopas en el orden científico Cetácea.
 Primatología – Estudio científico de primates
 Biología humana – el campo interdisciplinario que estudia la gama de humanos y poblaciones humanas vía ciencias/de vida, de la biología, antropología/ciencias sociales, ciencias/médicas aplicadas
 Antropología biológica – subrama de la antropología que estudia la morfología física, genética y comportamiento del humanos genus, otro hominins y homínidos a través de su desarrollo evolutivo
 Ecología conductista humana – el estudio de adaptaciones conductistas (forraje, reproducción, ontogenia) desde perspectivas ecológicas y evolutivas (léase ecología conductista). Se centra en las respuestas adaptivas (fisiológicas, del desarrollo, genéticas) a tensiones medioambientales.
 Nematología – La disciplina científica preocupada con el estudio de nemátodos, o gusanos redondos.
 Ornitología – estudio científico de los pájaros.

Biólogos

 Listas de biólogos notables

 Lista de biólogos notables
 Lista de ganadores de premio Nobel en fisiología o medicina
 Listas de biólogos por abreviatura de autor
 Lista de los autores de nombres publicaron bajo el ICZN

 Listas de biólogos por tema

 Lista de bioquímicos
 Lista de ecologistas
 Lista de neurocientíficos
 Lista de fisiólogos

Véase también
 Formas de vida conocidas más tempranas
 Revistas de biología

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 OSU Phylocode
 El Árbol de Vida: Un multi-authored, proyecto de Internet distribuido que contiene información aproximadamente filogenia y biodiversidad.
 MIT Serie de conferencia del vídeo encima biología
 Un wiki sitio para el protocolo que comparte corrido de MIT.
 Biología y Bioethics.
 La biología on-line wiki diccionario.
 Vídeo de biología que Comparte Comunidad.
 Qué es Biotecnología  Archivado el 19 de Abril del 2012 en Wayback MAchine: un programa voluntario como Biotech para Principiantes.

Anexos:Biología

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As of the census of 2000,in Westchester, there were 30,271 people, 9,764 households, and 7,947 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 7,539.9 people per square mile (2,914.6/km2). There were 9,938 housing units at an average density of 2,475.4/sq mi (956.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.78% White (13.7% were Non-Hispanic White,) 0.61% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.51% Asian, 2.81% from other races, and 2.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 85.31% of the population.
Westchester is at the crossroads of Miami Dade County on SW 87 Aveue or Galloway Road and SW 40 St or Bird Road. A thriving and growing community of over 100,000 with plenty of things to do. It is the strategic location for rapid transportation.
Many people beat daily traffic utilizing the elevated transit systems – Metrorail and Metromover. Westchester has direct access to the Interstates from Bird Road leading you to the most important areas of the county, Miami International Airport, the Port of Miami , Downtown and the Beaches among many others.
In 2016, the addition of the Westchester Circultaor, Westchester's own bus trolley system, a frequent local circulator – provided convenient stops throughout the residential and business districts of the community. Today it continues to be a popular transportation component of the community. Addtionally, the new and innovative, car sharing system use in other areas of Miami, would be a great addition to the Westchester area.
The Westchester Maimi Dade Chamber of Commerce works as an advocate of mass-transit with various governmental bodies. It was instrumental in the creation of the "Westchester Circulator" trolley system, which has been in an increased ridership mode since its inception.
Click here for more information, including route maps and hours of operation.
The Metrorail system is a 25-mile dual track, elevated rapid transit system that runs from Kendall through South Miami, Coral Gables, and Downtown Miami; to the Civic Center/Jackson Memorial Hospital area; and to Brownsville, Liberty City, Hialeah, and Medley in northwest Miami-Dade, with connections to Broward and Palm Beach counties at the Tri-Rail/Metrorail transfer station. The 23 accessible Metrorail stations are about one mile apart, providing easy access for bus riders, pedestrians, and passengers who are dropped off and picked up.
Since the Grand Opening of the spectacular Miami International Airport Station and the launching of the Orange Line, Metrorail has become the most affordable choice for getting to and from the airport. Local residents headed out- of-town can now leave behind all the traffic and parking hassles that come with driving to the airport. And out-of-towners at the airport have the best of Miami-Dade County's attractions and activities in easy, affordable reach.
Click the link below for more information, including route maps.
The Metrobus system provides service throughout Miami-Dade County 365 days a year. Service is available in Westchester on the Bird Road Route 40 and the Coral Way Route 24 respectively. Connections to and from Miami Beach and Key Biscayne to West Miami-Dade, as far north as Broward County and as far south as Homestead, Florida City and the Middle Keys is available. Designed to intersect with Metrorail and Metromover, MDT's bus system serves all major shopping, entertainment and cultural centers, as well as major hospitals and schools.
More than 95 Metrobus routes travel approximately 29 million miles per year using more than 800 buses.
Click link below for more information, including bus schedules and routes.


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Science, Tech, Math › Computer Science
Difference Between "Display: None" and "Visibility: Hidden" in CSS
Delphi Programming
C & C++ Programming
Jennifer Kyrnin
Jennifer Kyrnin is a professional web developer who assists others in learning web design, HTML, CSS, and XML.
The CSS properties for "display" and "visibility" both allow you to hide elements in a page's HTML, but they differ in their implications for its appearance and function. Visibility: hidden hides the tag, but it still takes up space and affects the page. In contrast, display: none removes the tag and its effects for all intents and purposes, but the tag remains visible in the source code. Both approaches are different than simply removing the item(s) in questions from the HTML markup. Let's look at the two in more detail.
Using visibility: hidden hides an element from the browser; however, that hidden element still lives in the source code. Basically, visibility: hidden makes the element invisible to the browser, but it still remains in place and takes up the same space had you not hidden it.
For example, if you place a DIV on your page and use CSS to give it the dimensions of 100 by 100 pixels, the visibility: hidden property will hide the DIV, but the text following it will act as though it's still there, respecting that 100 by 100 spacing.
The visibility property is not used very frequently, and certainly not on its own. If you're also using other CSS properties such as positioning to achieve a layout, you might use visibility to hide that item initially, only to reveal it on hover. That's only one possible use of this property, but again, its use is not frequent.
JuralMin / CC0 / pixabay
Unlike the visibility property, which leaves an element in normal document flow, display: none essentially removes the element completely from the document. The attached element does not take up any space, even though it's still in the source code. As far as the browser's concerned, the item is gone. This can be useful; it also can be damaging to your page if misused.
Testing a page is a common use for display: none. If you need an area to go away for a bit while you test other areas of the page, display: none gets the job done.
If you use the tage for testing, remember to remove the display: none tag prior to launching the site. Search engines and screen readers don't see items tagged like this, even though they remain in the HTML markup. In the past, this was a black-hat method to influence search engine rankings, so items that are not displayed are now red flags for Google and other search engines.
Display: none does find appropriate application in live scenarios, though. For example, if you're building a responsive site, you might include elements that are available for one display size but not for others. You can use display: none to hide that element, and then turn it back on with media queries later. This is an acceptable use of display: none because you're not trying to hide anything for nefarious reasons but have a legitimate need to do so.
For more info on using CSS, check out Lifewire's cheat sheet.
Kyrnin, Jennifer. "Difference Between "Display: None" and "Visibility: Hidden" in CSS." ThoughtCo, Sep. 30, 2021, thoughtco.com/display-none-vs-visibility-hidden-3466884. Kyrnin, Jennifer. (2021, September 30). Difference Between "Display: None" and "Visibility: Hidden" in CSS. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/display-none-vs-visibility-hidden-3466884 Kyrnin, Jennifer. "Difference Between "Display: None" and "Visibility: Hidden" in CSS." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/display-none-vs-visibility-hidden-3466884 (accessed January 27, 2023).
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Create HTML Whitespace

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Coldest town on earth - Oymyakon
Oymyakon is the coldest inhabited place on Earth - a small rural town in central Oymyakonsky, a district of Sakha in eastern Russia.
By local standards, the lives of roughly 500 resilient, hardworking residents of Oymyakon are fairly normal. And I wouldn't argue otherwise. That is, with the exception being the bone-chilling, sub-zero weather conditions they have to endure.
However, the settlement sits about 745 meters above sea level. And as if the weather wasn't harsh enough, sunshine is also extreme. The town sees about three hours of daylight during the winter and 21 in the summer.
So, how cold is Oymyakon?
Well, during the winter months, temperatures in Oymyakon average at -58 degrees Celsius, but they can plummet to a record low of minus-67.7°C. And that's exactly what a thermometer at a weather station read on 6 February 1933.
This is also the lowest temperature ever recorded outside of Antarctica, making Oymyakon the coldest permanently inhabited place on the official Guinness World Records, with a daily mean temperature of January at −46.4 °C.
According to the intergovernmental organization - World Meteorological Organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, the record is shared with the neighboring town of Verkhoyansk where the temperature dropped to -67.7°C (-90°F) on 5 and 7 February 1892. However, Verkhoyansk's daily mean temperatures for January are −45.5 °C.
That being said, this record is still far from that of the world's coldest temperature ever recorded, which was -94.7°C logged by a NASA satellite in east Antarctica in 2013.
How do locals deal with the extreme cold?
Well, for that the locals mostly burn wood and coal for warmth and eat a lot of meat.
Other Coldest recorded temperatures outside Antarctica
-67.7 °C Russia (Siberia) 1933
-66.1 °C Greenland 1954
-63.0 °C Canada 1947
-62.2 °C USA (Alaska) 1971
-58.1 °C Russia 1978
-57 °C USA (Montana) 1954
-55.3 °C Mongolia 1976
-53.6 °C Kyrgzstan 1945
-52.6 °C Sweden 1966
-52.3 °C China 1969
-51.5 °C Finland 1999.


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If we don't sign a transfer QB on early signing day, is that cause for concern or are we confident we'll find one for national signing day?
Concerning but not "panic button" worthy...would have been nice to round out that position early.
1. If Chris Murray is back for spring, then not panic worthy at all.
2. I think Drop Downs can sign/transfer at any time. We could potentially add a guy mid January.
3. All this is assuming Rovig can't go for spring ball....which he very well could be back to full strength.
4. If Murray doesn't make it AND we don't sign a transfer before classes start in January, AND Rovig can't play during spring, then that would be mildly disappointed about going through spring ball with only 2 QBs, both freshman.
5. Our linebackers should be pretty badass.
If scenario number 3 happens though, do you think Choate moves Andersen to LB or keeps him at QB to compete for spring?
You want the QB situation more or less solved, if not a guy then at least 3 or 4 guys you think can be the guy, by spring so the offense can be catered to a different style of QB than Troy, and of course getting Troy more reps at LB. But if you only have 2 guys there, does it blow that plan up?
I am assuming that Troy will go back to full time linebacker/part-time running back, but who knows what types of conversations are happening between Troy and Choate right now.
You are correct on #2 and it is something many are forgetting. Transfers can be added to roster any time and can visit the campus any time. Someone correct me if I'm wrong but MSU will still be searching for a transfer QB to add to the spring mix all the way up until next spring semester begins.
And there could likely be a handful of transfers waiting until after bowl season to start shopping for a new home.
This Wednesday is pretty much all geared toward high school recruits.
Doesn't appear we offered him.
Correct, I think we definitely would have been in the mix if we made an offer. I REALLY liked his film and am worried about him playing in the Big Sky, I think he will be very good for PSU. I will not chastise the coaching staff for not offering him though. SOOOO much more goes into an offer than just the film and I'm sure they had their reasons.
Its kind of turned into the official signing day for the top in-state kids. Also, a really important day to lock up prized out-of-state recruits already committed.
Staff was definitely interested but he visisted PSU and NAU on his officials. Timing is everything.
I would love to see a dropdown and/or transfer join the team for spring, IF its a big recruit they couldn't pass up (example- Gresch would have been a game changer), but I don't know if the team NEEDS a transfer.
Personally I think between Rovig, Baumen, Beltran and hopefully Murray, that they we will be in good hands just with that group of QB's alone.
As long as TA is a LB going forward then I will be a happy camper.
Yes, they can sign a JC or FBS guy anytime. If they don't, I think they wait until after spring ball.
My guess on spring ball is that we'll have 4 QB's. Bauman,Beltran, and Murray will be full go. Rovig will be in red.
I hear more and more that Murray will be in the mix, but what is this based on? Has there been any updates besides Murray's initial Tweet?
Gresch Jensen is going to Texas St, following Stitt.
Choate addressed it briefly yesterday, when asked. Basically he said Murray is working on his own to get eligible, and this upcoming semester will be the one that matters. Also that he'd applied for re-admission to school. Nothing definitive, nothing ruling him completely out, but when listing off our QBs and why he liked each one, Murray wasn't mentioned in that discussion. That's actually what prompted the reporter to ask, I think.
He may be in the mix, and I hope he is, but I think Bauman will blow everyone away.
I imagine he really can't say a lot about Murray until he is officially back on the team.
That said, if Murray doesn't get the chance to compete in spring, i really don't see him winning the QB job back.
If Murray does come back, what position would be be placed at?
Since he played QB before that is an option. I see potential as WR, RB, or TE. He is a bit small for the TE and RB position.
With his wheels and agility he has big potential at a WR spot.
Would Murray be willing to play at a position other than QB?
And I wouldn't count him out even if he doesn't. Depending what he has done with his time away, he has more starts in Cat/Griz games alone than Rovig or Bauman have combined for all of their games. Murray had been making progress and I was actually excited to see what he was going to do this year. If he took his time away seriously and kept honing his throwing skills, and he can work out with the team this next summer, I wouldn't stick a fork in him just yet.
Murray will have to show quantum leap in his passing skills because I see MM revamping the offense this spring to throw the ball more. I think trying to learn a "new" offense is what will keep him behind the others.
With Coach Choate confirming that Matt Miller will be the Offensive Coordinator going forward, and, that he feels the QB of the future is currently in the program in Bauman, Beltran or Rovig, with TA being his 'ACE' in the hole, it's fair to conclude that MM also thinks that one or more of those 3 (Bauman, Beltran, Rovig) has the skills to be our starter.
However, if that were truly the case, I'm not sure why you'd offer Jensen or Modster. It will be interesting to see come February 6th, or come Summer/Fall camp for that matter, if there is a transfer QB on the roster or not. GO CATS!
Quite simply, we need a QB next year. Choate knows we can't suffer through another year or subpar QB play. He needs to go all in on finding a good solution, and if that means 4-5 scholarship QBs fighting it out so be it.
You always have to keep the talent coming in. You want someone that can push the incumbent to be better. Competition does that. Also, you want solid backups the exact reason we had this year. Lose one, its next man up. I believe when they say our QB is on the roster but that doesn't mean stop bringing guys in.


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How difficult is Eldritch Horror with differing numbers of players?
Removing the element of how easy or hard it is to work as a group, and assuming that you are 1 player controlling all 1 to 8 players, what numbers of players are easier or harder to win Eldritch Horror, and roughly how much easier or difficult? I don't expect statistically significant replies, just interested in what people's impressions are by feel.
It already seems evident that playing with 1, 3, 5, or 7 players is a disadvantage due to the number of clues spawned, gates spawned, and monsters surging being identical to those for player-counts one greater.
eldritch-horror
JoeyJoey
The jump from 4 players to 5 players seems to makes the game tougher. While stronger monster surges start at 3 players, it's easier to cover the entire world with a 4 player team. I find gates spawning is the most dangerous issue that needs to be dealt with since leaving gates open will help advance doom. Having extra monsters is also bad, but some monsters will sit quietly until you go deal with them. A few cards look at how many monsters are on the map, so you don't want to let the total number of monsters to get to hight. That being said, monsters that move to expedition locations often don't have retribution effects and tend to be ignored in many of the games I've played.
If you have Akachi as one of your investigators, she can control where the next gate spawns by using her ability to look at the top two gate locations and putting one of them on top of the stack and one on the bottom. I'm not sure how powerful this strategy is, but it certainly is an option in a four player game. Once you get that second gate spawning, it's no longer an effective strategy.
If you want to alter the difficulty of the game and make it easier, I suggest altering the mythos deck and removing the hard mythos cards that have tentacles. Then build your mythos deck from the remaining cards. To make the game harder, you can remove all of the easy mythos cards. The mythos cards that come up heavily effect the difficulty of the game.
ICodeForCoffeeICodeForCoffee
I agree. Mythos has more to do with the real difficulty of the game. If you're playing a specific number of investigators as one player, you'll know where you want everyone to go and what they should do. That game then becomes a formula with some random numbers thrown in. It's something you can (theoretically) solve.
– CrystalBlue
There are some statistic available on average difficulties and on doom track levels vs number of players.
Sardathrion - against SE abuseSardathrion - against SE abuse
In my opinion the difficulty on changes with which enemy you fight. The game scales that it stays the same difficulty with the same enemy against a different amount of players.
I have played several enemies against a different size of group. We won the first time with a group of 3 and lost the second time with a group of 5 against enemy A. With enemy B we lost with a group of 4 but won with a group of 7. In my experience the amount of players don't change the difficulty.
WouterWouter
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Thisquietarmy
thisquietarmy | 14 de Março | Sabotage Club THISQUIETARMY is the music project of Montreal-based artist Eric Quach, a pioneer of the Canadian experimental music scene. Revolving around improvised guitar drone and by combining textural & structural elements of ambient/noise, electronic/shoegaze, post-punk/krautrock, black/doom metal, thisquietarmy creates a wide range of dynamic soundscapes which oscillates between repetitive dreamy minimalism, multi-layered noise textures and electronic industrial beats. Following up the critically acclaimed heavy doom album, "Anthems for Catharsis" (Consouling Sounds, 2015), the post-cold wave "The New Testament" EP (Discolexique, 2016) and the 2-hour+ distorted drone opus "Métamorphose" (Grains of Sand, 2017) - thisquietarmy re-invents himself yet again with his latest full-length album, Democracy for Dust (Midira Records, 2017) by combining a wide array of sci-fi synthwave textures to his signature drone/shoegaze guitar soundscapes. A photo-book w/ flexi-disc about his tour travels entitled "Conqueror: 2009-2017" is also being published through his own label Thisquietarmy Records. Since 2005, thisquietarmy has put out over 40 releases on more than 25 different labels such as Consouling Sounds, Denovali Records, Aurora Borealis, Alien8 Recordings, Shelter Press & three:four Records. His vast discography also includes collaborations with Aidan Baker (Nadja), Aidan Girt (Godspeed You! Black Emperor), Scott Cortez (loveliescrushing), André Foisy (Locrian), Labirinto, Monarch, Noveller, Syndrome (Amenra), USA Out of Vietnam, Year Of No Light & Yellow6, and has taken part in other projects such as Hypnodrone Ensemble & Destroyalldreamers. With a large body of work and close to 500 live performances in 35 countries, including performances at esteemed festivals such as Drone Activity in Progress for Red Bull Music Academy (Montreal), Nemo Digital Arts Biennale (France), Incubate Festival (Netherlands), Le Guess Who? (Netherlands), Dunk! Festival (Belgium), Amplifest (Portugal), Denovali Festival (Germany), Drone Celebration (Argentina), Moving Noises (Germany), Suoni Per Il Popolo (Canada) & Zemlika (Latvia). He also collaborates with Philippe Leonard (16mm film loops, Godspeed You! Black Emperor) as an A/V duo, performing at film festivals such as: Mono No Aware Cinema Arts festival (New York), Filmmaker Festival (Milan) & Analogica Festival (Bolzano).
Pista de dança
Miércoles, 14/03, 2018 22:30 - 01:30
Sábado 17 Nov. || ROLÉZINHO || JONH DIAZ
Surprise | Sábado 1 Dezembro | Occhio
Night summit
Sábado 17 Nov || ROLÉZINHO || JONH DIAZ


What to do when a client tells you they've gone in a different direction.
And no matter where you're at on your entrepreneurial path at some point, it will happen.
It happened to me and it stung. Even though the client told me they loved working with me and the work I did for them I still got upset.
Don't get me wrong I understand that we grow, we evolve, we change. No hard feelings.
But this was a difficult job that I worked overtime on (for free) trying to please my client. And instead of standing up for my creative decisions I kept making revision after revision after revision in the hopes that she would pick one.
I became apathetic and that is the LAST thing you want to feel as a designer.
But it can be hard to stand up for our creative decisions. Especially when someone else is saying they're no good.
This is where trust comes in.
You need to trust your client and your client needs to trust you.
A good way to start building trust is to communicate expectations on both sides before you start working together. Know the parameters and abide by them. If you have a set amount of revisions stick to it.
Whether your client has an idea of what they want or not they hired you - the designer to help guide them on this branding path. So more than anything you need to trust yourself.
As the designer it's your job to create a brand that is cohesive. Even if it involves an uncomfortable conversation or two. It's up to you to communicate why something works and why it doesn't.
Don't give-in because you're afraid of displeasing your client. That's not going to help them or you!
Instead, be the designer and expert you are.
They hired you for a reason. Talk to them, be honest, be real. Communicate, communicate, communicate. So if they do decide to go in a "different direction" you'll know you did everything you could.
Don't be afraid to speak your mind - that's why they hired you.
Be crystal clear in your decisions and communicate them often.
Don't give in just to please your client.


William wasn't impressed by the scenic view of London from the restaurant at the top of the building in West London. A frosted laminate obscured his view until he cleverly found an opening. He claimed he could see a castle, a church and a pigeon. To make matters worse, they had run out of hot chocolate and the apple juice was pear and apple juice which is worse than an unsatisfactory view of a capital city.
Are you going to eat that, William?


Grade 3 Knowing Science continues to build on foundational knowledge and skills, based on experiences from their everyday lives that students could directly observe, investigate, and understand. Students at the third grade level begin to reason more abstractly and can therefore understand concepts that are not directly related to their daily existence. They are also better able to understand the value of the idea of the actual process that leads to a final product or explanation.
engineering tasks allow students to keep track of their ideas and progress with a journal format.
Life Science lessons on plant and animal life cycles build on foundational concepts and skills learned in first grade, while lessons on extreme weather (Earth and Space Science) build on experiences in observing and predicting weather patterns learned in kindergarten.


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"I am a bit disappointed in the organizers for not taking responsibility"- M.anifest on VGMA brouhaha
Zeinat Erebong Issahaku
Award-winning rapper, M.anifest has weighed in on the brawl between Stonebwoy and Shatta Wale that brought the recently held 20th edition of the Vodafone Ghana Music Awards to a halt.
Even though the organizers have sanctioned the two dancehall musicians over their misconduct on the night, "The God MC" believes the board should take full responsibility for the night.
M.anifest said this while speaking in an interview on Citi FM's Breakfast Show with Bernard Avle.
"I don't think the organizers have been accountable enough……..that could and should never happen if they had been more responsible. I am a bit disappointed in them not taking responsibility….think about everybody that was in there, think about what could potentially have happened, God Forbid. But we have to step this thing up in a level, I know it's difficult to make things happen here but we have to do things really well, safely and other things", he said.
M.anifest released a new song yesterday titled "Rapper 101" which has received a lot of buzz already.
Patapaa and Team saved from Kasoa-Winneba Highway robbery by Ghana Police
Victoria Michaels awarded for her impact in the modelling and fashion industry
JOY FM's Doreen Andoh returns after giving birth to twins
George Quaye resigns from Charterhouse
Malawi high court orders government to allow dreadlocks in schools
U.S government lifts non-immigrant visa restrictions on Ghana


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Q: windows command-line usage or creating a bat file with specific commands I got big folder with bin files and got a programm with wich i can decode them.
Can't just figure out how to run it for every file in folder with exact extension and create same output name using input file name.
Example how it works through cmd.exe

DecodeTSubBand 1.bin 1.wav

So it's create 1.wav file
"1.bin" is input filename and "1.wav" is output filename
Also i can't understand what to do when it comes to next file (2.wav for example), it's just overwrite first 1.wav file over and over again.
Thanks!

A: Use for to loop through the folder and run a command on each file. Something like this should work for you. You don't need a batch file - you can run this from the command line. (If you must have a batch file, just double the % characters.)
for %f in (*.bin) do DecodeTSubBand %f %~nf.wav

Before running it, I usually check to make sure it's going to do what I want first by replacing the command with echo. Doing so in this case will show you what it does when it reaches 2.bin and 2.wav.
for %f in (*.bin) do echo %f %~nf.wav

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Sometimes a few foundational updates are all you need to create a new, romantic feeling in your space. Today's Valentine's Day ideas give inspiration for "new basics" in the bedroom that will add comfort, sensuality, and style for years to come.
I've selected lovely pieces that will easily build a beautiful space around our Ruby Kilim collection. The print is a rich, deep red complemented by black and tan, created using an intricate, ancient block printing technique. Of course, the bold red is a wonderful idea for Valentine's Day, but the global style of this print will stun year round.
Make your bed the spot, with a layer of gorgeous euro shams lining the wall or headboard. We offer Ruby Kilim in reverse, and this print, of course, works so well snuggled up against Ruby Kilim. You may be planning to head out for dinner on Valentine's Day, but I dare you to resist coming home early to jump in bed!
Play with size and texture by adding throw pillows to the mix. These gems look lovely as the central pillow in an arrangement, or in groups of three. If you're gifting for Valentine's Day, a ruby red sham would certainly say, "Be Mine".
A love bird sets the scene in our ruby red Valentine's bedroom. The whitewashed finish on this sweetie ties beautifully into the rustic vibe of Ruby Kilim! I would cover my dresser with a sample swatch of something I love from Saffron Marigold, and probably drop bracelets and bangles overtop the birdy's head.
Time flies when you're in love, or when you're staring, transfixed, at your Ruby Kilim bedding. Add this vintage style red clock to your space to keep track of the minutes until your valentine arrives!
Sundry is the combination of magnolia and freshly washed linen – a delight to the senses. Light up this lovely copper clad candle to bring a bit of the hope of a new season to your wintery Valentine's night.
This all natural soy candle burns for 25 hours and is heavily infused with ylang ylang, a glorious floral scent with storied mood-boosting properties. If your mood needs said boost, why not move the candle around the house as you get ready for your Valentine's date night?
I adore this darling print – I love the brushwork, the colors, the affection… If you like it too, you'll find the price point makes it a very affordable valentine.
Spice Route and Ruby Kilim – an oasis of color!


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Q: Свойства класса HttpWebRequest конвейерная передача и передача сегментами Что имеется в виду под конвейерной передачей и передачей сегментами, задаваемыми свойствами Pipelined и SendChunked?

A: Pipelined - включена по умолчанию. Разрешает использовать HTTP pipelining - клиент может послать сразу "пачкой" множество запросов к серверу, не дожидаясь на них ответа, после чего точно так же "пачкой" получить на них ответы в абсолютно том-же порядке.
Chunked - по умолчанию выключена. Позволяет клиенту использовать Chunked-кодирование. Обычно HTTP-запросы требуют указания в заголовке точного размера всего тела запроса. Однако на момент начала отправки запроса, вы  можете не знать сколько точно данных вы планируете передать(например, если вы формируете тело запроса динамически, прямо в момент отправки). Chunked-кодирование позволяет не указывать сразу длину всего тела запроса, а передавать тело маленькими кусочками(chunk-ами), у которых размер указан перед их началом. К сожалению, это кодирование поддерживается далеко не всеми HTTP-серверами.


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Q: System.ArgumentException error for TransformToVisual i have a pop up displayed on the page  and i am trying to get  its (x,y) coordinates , even when the pop up  is visible on the screen , i get the exception.
  private void showPopup_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
      Popup p = new Popup();
      StackPanel panel1 = new StackPanel();
    // Create some content to show in the popup. Typically you would
    // create a user control.
    Border border = new Border();
    border.BorderBrush = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black);
    border.BorderThickness = new Thickness(5.0);

    panel1.Height = 200;
    panel1.Width = 100;
    panel1.Background = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.LightGray);
    p.Height = 200;
    p.Width = 100;

    Button button1 = new Button();
    button1.Content = "Close";
    button1.Margin = new Thickness(5.0);
    button1.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(button1_Click);
    TextBlock textblock1 = new TextBlock();
    textblock1.Text = "The popup control";
    textblock1.Margin = new Thickness(5.0);
    panel1.Children.Add(textblock1);
    panel1.Children.Add(button1);
    border.Child = panel1;

    // Set the Child property of Popup to the border
    // which contains a stackpanel, textblock and button.
    p.Child = border;

    // Set where the popup will show up on the screen.
    p.VerticalOffset = 100;
    p.HorizontalOffset = 200;

    // Open the popup.
    p.IsOpen = true;

}

          </Popup>-->


During calls and even in stand by the camera of the DP300 is showing a black screen instead of the local image.
-Changed the Exposure mode from Auto -> Iris priority and set the value to approx to the middle.
Issue caused by the light enviroment. Camera was not selecting the optimum configuration.
Change the Esposure mode from Auto to Iris priority and adjust the shutter rate.


The characters below are a few of my favourites. If they are of any interest to you, feel free to PM me!
It should be noted that these are not the only characters I have. I have a plethora! And whatever I don't have a character for, I'm more than willing to create. Some of my fandoms can be found on my profile. As always, I'm always up for a message tossed my way if you have any questions.
My updated 1x1 interest check can be found by clicking here!
Inventory: Headphones, Mp3 player, notebook (pen included), oversized jacket, wallet (with identification and credit cards), cellphone, small wallet-sized booklet of photos including his mother, father and twin brother.
Skills: Kazume is an avid hiker and enjoys both sketching and writing while he hikes (often for hours), he finds himself mapping his routes quite precisely. He is keenly adept at both foraging signatures and lock-picking. Both skills comes from a shady past he has decidedly left behind.
Personality: Kazume is a quiet individual. He prefers to observe others before jumping into a conversation and this makes him appear cold or standoffish. He is genuinely interested in what others have to say and while he doesn't tend to articulate it, he believes everyone should have their voice heard. Kazume can be quick tempered and is easily frustrated in some situations. He is a traditional introvert and enjoys his time alone. Once he is more comfortable with people he typically resorts to snarky comments and can seem uncouth, or even argumentative though it's very likely that he's typically just being playful.
Fun Facts: Meketre is an incredibly huge fan of Captain America practically worshipping everything he does.
She has worked closely with Clint Barton and keeps in close contact with him having cultivated a good friendship with the archer.
Storm acted as a mother-figure for Meketre when she was a young child.
Wolverine helped her to learn boxing as a teen. And will correct her form when she returns to the mansion.
Powers and Abilities: Umbrakinesis; complete control to shape and manipulate darkness and shadow. Meketre can use it in a transparent way or make the darkness physical, forging weapons and doubles.
She became aware that it wasn't actually traditional umbrakinesis that she had control of but actually, the darkness comes from a form of cosmic manipulation. Meketre can create, shape and manipulate cosmic energies to produce nearly any effect; including molecular restructuring and transmutation of matter (this effect only works on herself, nothing else), the creation of force fields (very small, and often times weak), the creation of inter-dimensional portals and vortexes, and cosmic awareness on a universal scale which translates into an empathic ability around human beings.
Strengths: Deep empathy for the emotions of others and because of this, Meketre is excellent in picking out when someone is lying.
A resistance to telepathic assault.
Has a cosmic form which can deflect or absorb a number of various energy-based attacks.
Weaknesses: Distracted by major cosmic events (supernovas, vast emotional disturbances such as a world dying, wormhole shifts, etc.) which results in long moments of day-dreaminess.
Meketre is not immune to telepathy in full though she is resistant.
Prolonged use of her cosmic form results in large scale physical weakness and mental fatigue.
*I do not own this artwork, it comes from a collection of saved pictures over the years. At the artist's request I will credit or remove it!


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package com.liuawei.interceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;

public class HandlerInterceptor2 extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

	/*
	 *
	 */
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("===========HandlerInterceptor2 preHandle");

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("===========HandlerInterceptor2 postHandle");

	}

	/**
	 *
	 */
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("===========HandlerInterceptor2 afterCompletion");

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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For someone with an attention related disability, fun is had when activities live in the space between boring and overwhelming. That "Sweet Spot" is critical when we are talking about playability and most importantly, the enjoyability of video games. Too overstimulating and the game can cause harm, too boring and the game becomes another unbearable chore. In this talk, Shell Little, an Accessibility Specialist with ADHD, will discuss the different elements that can make or break a game for someone with a range of Cognitive Disabilities and why she probably hasn't played your favorites. Attendees will leave this talk with not only a better understanding of common barriers experienced by people with Cognitive Disabilities but also concrete examples of ways to help users find their own "Sweet Spot".


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Thieves using sleight of hand, trickery to steal jewelry in San Francisco
By Christien Kafton
Thieves steal $50K in jewelry in sleight of hand scheme
Amid the holiday good cheer police are offering a warning, that there is a thief using charm and sleight of hand to steal jewelry in San Francisco.
SAN FRANCISCO (KTVU) - San Francisco police warned the public on Monday to watch their valuables. Investigators said a sleight of hand artist seems to be using his talents to steal jewelry.
Police said they've received 20 reports of a man approaching victim's in the city's Richmond and Taraval Districts, and initiating small talk.
"It involves some type of sleight of hand, where the suspect will come up with a friendly encounter, a close encounter," said San Francisco Officer Adam Lobsinger."
That small talk then turns to grand theft.
"There will be some kind of contact, just ever so slight, and the victim won't realize until later that their valuables have been taken," said Lobsinger.
Police said the thief then takes off in a getaway car. Investigators said sometimes the thief, or thieves, swap fake jewelry for the victim's real gold.
Authorities released a photograph of one of the suspects, 44-year-old Mamfred Oinescu, and also released a sketch of a man who may be in on the scam.
Police urged residents to be on high alert.
"Everybody should always be on their guard. If something seems too good to be true, it probably is," said Officer Lobsinger.
While there have been about 20 victims in San Francisco, police suspect the thieves have been active throughout the Bay Area. Investigators in San Francisco said the thieves made off with about $50,000 in stolen jewelry.


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B.A.P Announces North America Dates for 2016 Live on Earth World Tour
Courtesy of the Artist
One of America's favorite K-pop acts is making a big return.
B.A.P has held two tours in America to date and currently hold the record for most No. 1s on Billboard's U.S.-based World Albums chart for all K-pop acts. The six-member, hip-hop-oriented act will make their return to the continent in April with a robust six dates in America, two in Canada and one in Mexico.
B.A.P's upcoming trek marks their stateside return after a lawsuit against their label kept them away from the K-pop scene. We're happy to report that, after resolving the issues with the label, B.A.P is coming back with their biggest live run to date, including more U.S. shows than their past tours.
Tickets are on sale on Monday, March 7, at 4:00pm local time. Ticket prices range from $50 to $180. Tickets are available via Powerhouse.
Check out the full tour date list:
April 14 - San Francisco (The Warfield, 8:00pm)
April 17 - Los Angeles (Microsoft Theater, 8:00pm)
April 19 - Vancouver (Orpheum, 7:30pm)
April 21 - Dallas, TX (Verizon Theatre, 8:00pm)
April 23 - Chicago (Rosemont Theater, 8:00pm)
April 24 - Toronto (Massey Hall, 7:30pm)
April 25 - New York (Playstation Theater, 8:00pm)
April 27 - Atlanta (Cobb Energy Performing Arts Centre, 8:00pm)
May 1 - Mexico City (Pepsi Center WTC, 5:00pm)
In the meantime, check out a classic B.A.P interview where the guys
More K-Pop
Grammys 2019: Best Dressed Stars On The Red Carpet
NCT 127 Reflect on Growing as a Group, Spreading K-Pop at KCON 2018 NY
EXID Dive Deep Into '90s Nostalgia, Discuss Future Plans at KCON 2018 NY
Red Velvet Break Down Creating an English Version of 'Bad Boy,' Musical Aspirations at KCON 2018 NY
Pentagon Talk Slow-Burning Success of 'Shine' at KCON 2018 NY
Super Junior & Leslie Grace Discuss How K-Pop and Latin Music Flourish Together at KCON 2018 NY


Stay Adventurous illustrated print . 11 x 14 inch high quality paper color print with a matte finish. Frame is not included. $20. Delivered in a protective clear bag with a backing board.
- Decorate the walls above your bed or desk! Put in a frame, or get creative and hang with a clothespins or string lights!


This includes membership in MdAIR for 2016-17.
Fall 2016 Conference at the Hyatt Regency Baltimore Inner Harbor (Baltimore, MD).
Keynote Speaker: Dr. Mitchell S. Nesler, Vice President for Decision Support at SUNY Empire State College (NY).
Click here to jump to the event page with a full description, including parking and hotel information.
Please note that conference registration includes MdAIR Membership for the 2016-17 membership year.


Rodney L. Page 71, of Springfield, passed away on Tuesday Nov. 15, 2016 at the Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, N.H.
He was born Nov. 8, 1945 in Springfield, the son of Walden F. and Louise M. (Grover) Page. He attended Springfield Schools, graduating from Springfield High School in 1963. He later graduated from Nathaniel Hawthorne College with a degree in Business.
During the Vietnam War, Mr. Page served in the U.S. Air Force.
Mr. Page was employed with General Electric in Philadelphia, Penn., monitoring satellite systems as well a sales representative with Jones & Lamson Machine Tool Co., Bryant Grinder Co. and Toyoda Co.
Mr. Page loved classic cars and motor sports, working on and restoring several classic cars. He enjoyed and was very talented at furniture refinishing. He loved his family and spending time with family and friends reminiscing and telling stories. And the remained close with his high school classmates.
For many years, he was a leader of the Springfield Cub Scouts and Boy Scouts, and was also a foster parent.
He is survived by his wife Amanda of Springfield; son Sean and his wife Alice and their son Ashton of Baltimore, Vt.; his brother David Page of Baltimore, Md.; and his sister Candice Cook and her husband Dan of Chester. He is also survived by his mother-in-law Priscilla Batchelder of Springfield; his brother-in-law Donn Batchelder and his wife Paula of Minneapolis; his sister-in-law Robin Nunes and her husband Stanley of Springfield, and his sister-in-law Beth Batchelder also of Springfield, Vt. He is also survived by many nieces, nephews and cousins.
A celebration of life service will be held on Saturday, April 22, 2017 and the location and time will be announced closer to that date.
Contributions may be made in his memory to the Springfield Humane Society 401 Skitchewaug Trail Springfield, Vt. 05156.
Arrangements are under the direction of the Davis Memorial Chapel of Springfield.


text:
Author: Lindsay Thayer
Lindsay Thayer
Placer County District 5 Newsletter | October 2
October 2, 2020 by Lindsay Thayer in Newsletter
It's up to all of us
We continue to monitor the county's status on the state's Blueprint for a Safer Economy, which places counties in different tiers that determine their ability to reopen based on their COVID-19 case numbers and positivity rate. Placer County was initially placed in the Purple Tier (Widespread) and then moved into the Red Tier (Substantial) as a result of improving case data. Based on our most recent numbers we anticipated moving into the Orange Tier (Moderate) this week, which would allow for the easing of some additional restrictions, but because our case numbers exceeded the allowable threshold for the Orange Tier we did not move. The good news is our testing positivity rate did meet the requirements for the Orange Tier, however because the state requires both metrics to fall within the range established for each tier we remain in the more restrictive tier. The other piece of good news here is that overall our numbers seem to be trending in the right direction – downward.
One thing to keep in mind is that the state requires the lower numbers to be met for two weeks before a county is moved into a less-restrictive tier. The state updates the status information for counties every Tuesday and I will continue to keep you updated on any changes to our status. You can also monitor the information on your own by visiting the Blueprint for a Safer Economy website.
The county is also taking steps to better understand the spread of COVID-19 in Placer County through a seroprevalence study that will be conducted by Stanford University this fall. The study will test a random representative cross-section of Placer County residents for COVID-19 antibodies to assess current COVID-19 prevalence in the County, the results of which will help inform the Board's policy decisions moving forward.
Mailers will be sent to a random but representative sample of Placer County residents inviting them to take part in the study. Participants will be provided a finger-stick blood test to complete at home and return to Stanford for analysis. The results of all positive tests and 10% of negative tests will be rerun to produce results with 99% accuracy and the researchers will develop an online dashboard detailing their findings on the demographic and geographic prevalence of the virus in Placer County. A report on the study's results will also be presented at a future Board of Supervisors meeting by the Stanford researchers. I will keep you informed of the date the report will be presented to the Board of Supervisors. In the meantime, please take care of yourself, your loved ones and our County. Let's not forget that Placer County has ranked in the top five healthiest counties in California for nearly a decade! We need to work together to keep Placer healthy. Please continue to wear your masks, wash your hands and observe physical distancing.
Considering the impact COVID-19 has had on our lives for the past seven months, it's important that we continue to discuss what steps are being taken to combat the virus, and what we can do to help safely support our local economy. Sometimes however, it seems as though we do not hear about the other good work that is going on, so this week I also want to share information about positive developments here in Placer County. We could all use a little good news!
Libraries to reopen for in-person browsing in phases
I am happy to share that Placer County libraries will begin a phased opening plan for in-person browsing beginning October 6. Library Services Director, Mary George and her staff have developed a phased reopening plan that will allow them to welcome patrons back into the libraries as safely as possible by identifying successful reopening procedures and utilizing those procedures as they reopen additional facilities. Several libraries in District 5 will reopen in the initial phase: Auburn, Kings Beach and Tahoe City locations will be open Tuesday through Friday with varying hours. The Granite Bay Library will also reopen on October 6 and the Rocklin Library will expand its walk-up hours.
The Colfax Library is slated to reopen on November 3, also Tuesday through Friday, and the Foresthill and Rocklin Libraries will likely open December 3. Although it would be wonderful if all of our libraries could open right now, the additional time is needed for staff to ensure sites are configured to allow for physical distancing and to hire the staff needed for safe operations. Unfortunately, the smaller libraries where social distancing is challenging, such as Applegate and Penryn, will remain closed for the foreseeable future to ensure the safety of library patrons and staff. To learn more about visiting your favorite library, please go to the Placer County Library Services Division's webpage.
Chipper Shredder Program to resume
Many of you have shared your concerns about the absence of the Placer County Resource Conservation District's Chipper Shredder Program since it was suspended back in April due to COVID-19 related staffing issues. I am happy to report that as of October 1 the program is up and running again. The Chipper Shredder Program has been a vital component of our community for years and considering the amount of destruction caused by wildfires already this year, the return of the program is especially good news. The cost-share fee is $80 per hour, however disabled people and low-income households may be granted a fee waiver. Please visit the Resource Conservation District's website to learn more about the program and how to sign up.
Placer County will hold four flu shot clinics this year at locations throughout the county; three drive-through and one walk-in by appointment.
Residents are encouraged to get a flu shot through their regular health care provider, but these free clinics provide another accessible option should anyone experience barriers. Learn more
Placer looks to extend public review period for proposed trails expansion project
UPDATE: At its September 24 meeting the Planning Commission took action to postpone the hearing on the Hidden Falls Regional Park Trails Expansion Project to October 22. See sidebar for information on upcoming Hidden Falls Town Hall meeting.
The Placer County Parks Division will request a continuance of a public hearing at this evening's Planning Commission meeting on the county's proposed Hidden Falls Regional Park Trails Expansion Project. Learn more
Still time to register to vote!
There is still time to register to vote! Please visit the Placer County Elections Office website or call (530) 886-5650 to learn more.
July 31, 2020 by Lindsay Thayer in Newsletter
New and Improved COVID-19 Dashboard
I hope you have had a chance to visit the County's online COVID-19 dashboard, which provides up-to-date information on the virus in Placer County. The dashboard was originally launched in April and last week Placer County launched an updated version that provides additional information in a format that is easier to read. You will find the updated dashboard on the county's Novel Corona Virus COVID-19 page under the "Cases in Placer" tab.
One important change to the dashboard is how the number of confirmed cases are reported by day. Previously the number of cases per day was based on the day a case was reported to Public Health, but the new site reports the number of cases by the date the test was conducted. This update will more closely reflect the actual spread of COVID-19 in the community and also brings Placer County into line with methods used by many other California counties.
Another change you will see on the new dashboard is that cases are now identified by region based solely on zip code. The dashboard originally split Placer County into three regions, South Placer, Mid Placer, and East Placer, and in some instances zip codes crossed into multiple regions. Identifying cases by region based on zip code allows for greater efficiency and simplicity of reporting regional case information.
Finally, the updated dashboard includes additional tabs where specific data can be found. For example, information on cases broken down by region can be found on the 'Cases by Zip Code' tab. You can also toggle between the 'Zip Code' and 'Region' options on the map to see cases by zip code versus cases for each Placer County region. Another important tab to be aware of is the 'Data Notes' tab, which contains definitions and information for the data presented, and this tab also includes answers to many questions about the data.
State Monitoring List
I have received a lot of questions regarding whether or not Placer County is still on the State's COVID-19 Monitoring List. The answer is yes. Although our metric for hospitalizations fell below the State threshold for two days last week, our rate of new COVID-19 cases still exceeds the State threshold. Additionally, the California Department of Public Health has stated that once a county is placed on the Monitoring List, indoor business operations will continue to be restricted until the order is amended or rescinded by the State health officer – not just until that county is removed from the Monitoring List.
At our meeting on July 28 the Board of Supervisors asked the Public Health Officer to address this requirement with the State, as businesses in the county should be permitted to resume indoor operations, using physical distancing and requirements for face coverings, if our numbers drop below the threshold for the Monitoring List. The state's order does allow for schools in counties that are on the Monitoring List to resume in-person instruction once county metrics fall below Monitoring List thresholds for 3 consecutive days and remain below thresholds for 14 additional consecutive days.
I will continue to encourage people to wear their face coverings and practice physical distancing. We do not know how long this will go on, but we need to find a way to balance public health and safety with a sustained economy. I am confident we can do this by working together and focusing on our common goals.
Placer County approves alcohol ban in two locations
The Placer County Board of Supervisors this week approved ordinances restricting alcohol in two separate locations in Placer County. At its July 27 meeting the Board extended the Truckee River alcohol ban until October 15, and on July 28 the Board approved and alcohol ban at the Placer County Government Center in North Auburn. Find more information about these Board actions in our online newsroom.
Board of Supervisors renews CAL FIRE contract
The Placer County Board of Supervisors approved a resolution today authorizing a $13.6 million CAL FIRE contract, which includes first-time funding for a new fire marshal and provides fire service and medical response to nearly one-third of the county. CAL FIRE has been acting as the Placer County Fire Department for nearly 50 years under a cooperative fire protection reimbursement agreement. Learn more
Eligible small businesses and nonprofits may begin applying for grant funding Aug. 25
Beginning Aug. 25, eligible small businesses and non-profit organizations in Placer County can begin applying for Placer Shares grant funding to offset impacts caused by the coronavirus pandemic and the resulting state shutdown order. Learn more


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