Two men on horseback looked down from Morgan's Hill in Williams Township at the wilderness that spread before them. Their job was to lay out Easton for the Penn family. It was May 1752.
Both were fiercely loyal to the Penns; both realized the Forks of the Delaware held great financial promise; both knew there would be hardships for early settlers.
One, however, saw the wilderness as his new home. He was William Parsons. He had promised the Penns that when the survey was finished, he would make this his home and look after the Penns' interests.
The other man saw the area as "another job." He was Nicholas Scull, surveyor-general of Pennsylvania. As such, he commanded great respect, but his place in our history is sketchy, deeply shadowed by Parsons.
Partway through the survey, Scull returned to Philadelphia, leaving Parsons to finish the work. Parsons completed the job in two weeks, then took the fledgling town under his wing as it gained strength. He is rightly called the father of Easton.
Scull holds no such distinction. He is better known, but in limited circles, as a cartographer. Others remember him as a negotiator in the many American Indian treaties that dot our history.
Scull, surveyor-general of Pennsylvania from 1748 to 1761, was the eldest son of Nicholas Scull Sr., who came from Ireland in 1685 and settled near Philadelphia. Nicholas, the son, was born near Philadelphia in 1687. While still young, he was apprenticed to Thomas Holme, Pennsylvania's surveyor-general.
Nicholas managed to do well with his newly acquired techniques, surveying the wilderness north and west of Philadelphia. He married Abigail Heap in 1708. He also took time to learn the language of the Delaware Indians and could talk with the Lenni-Lenape.
With those surveying and language skills, his career seemed solid. Yet, the record of his life during the next 20 years barely exists. We do know he traded with the Indians -- rings, knives, tobacco boxes -- and acted as an interpreter at Indian conferences.
In 1729, Scull was sent to Shamokin, in what is now Northumberland County, to deal with Indian troubles along the Susquehanna. And, with Jacob Taylor, he continued surveying Pennsylvania. He became a favorite of John Penn, who was in England.
In 1730, Scull was elected to the Junto, Benjamin Franklin's intellectual circle that became the American Philosophical Society. In his autobiography, Franklin wrote of Scull: "We have a member who loves books and sometimes makes verse."
Scull was 47 when his work for the Penns was recognized in a tangible way. Pennsylvania's colonial governor, Patrick Gordon, with the approval of the Penns, appointed Scull deputy surveyor-general of Pennsylvania. The surveyor-general, his boss, was Benjamin Eastburn.
Scull's skills in working with the Indians and surveying the wilderness came together Sept. 19, 1737, with the legendary Walking Purchase.
The Penns had agreed noted woodsmen Edward Marshall, Edward Yates and Solomon Jennings would trek a day and a half northwest into the wilderness from Wrightstown Meeting in Bucks County. All the land between the farthest point of the walk and the Delaware River would be surrendered by the Indians to the Penns in return for purchased goods. Benjamin Eastburn and Scull rode with Timothy Smith, sheriff of Bucks County, to assure the Walking Purchase was executed fairly.
In 1740, Scull was appointed surveyor-general of Philadelphia and Bucks counties, thereby easing Eastburn's workload. It was too late. Eastburn died the next year, 1741.
Eastburn was succeeded by Parsons. Scull continued as deputy surveyor-general, and his career continued to plod along.
In 1744, Scull entered the political arena, running for sheriff of Philadelphia County. His opponent was Mordecai Lloyd. This was one of the earlier political campaigns in America, and the rhetoric it generated is interesting when compared with today's campaigns.
"Though it has not till this time been customary to request your votes in print, yet this method being now introduced, I think myself obliged in this public manner to return to you, (the public), my hearty thanks for the favors I have already received and to acquaint you that I intend to stand a candidate for the sheriff's office and request your interest at the next election to favor your real friend, NICHOLAS SCULL."
By modern political standards, this notification was mild, but it did the trick. Scull was elected and re-elected in 1745 and in 1746. As sheriff, he continued arbitrations with the Indians.
In 1748, Parsons' health was failing. He wanted to resign as surveyor-general and asked that Scull be his replacement.
Scull was commissioned surveyor-general of Pennsylvania on June 14, 1748. Because the office commanded great respect, Nicholas Scull had finally reached the high point of his career.


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Things to do in Swansea
Entertainment in Swansea
Dance your way around with live bands, cheer on Championship football team Swansea City or follow in Dylan Thomas's footsteps at one of the city's impressive theatres.
A 450-capacity multi-purpose cultural venue, Pontardawe Arts Centre in Port Talbot, around 10 miles from Swansea, has a long history of live music stretching back to 1996. With a broad musical remit spanning rock, classical, jazz, soul, funk and world grooves, they've welcomed well-respected names including Big Country and Fairport Convention. They also offer regular tribute and theme nights alongside the live music.
Fittingly for a country that has given the world Stereophonics, Manic Street Preachers and Feeder, Swansea has a strong live music and gig scene. The Scene Club, a mile from our Swansea City Centre hotel, puts on regular live music and battle of the bands nights, as well as more niche affairs including goth events and heavy metal nights. Open until 3am every Friday and Saturday night, the club is on Plymouth Street near to the Grand Theatre.
We love a good pun, so it's only natural that we'd give a thumbs up to From Busk Til Dawn, a two-day festival of live music and busking held during the summer across the city. Launched in 2009, the scheme gets local musicians out and playing to crowds at 12 central locations, including Swansea Castle, Oxford Street and outside the bus and train stations. You never know, the singer or act you just walked past could be the next Tom Jones!
Poet Dylan Thomas rightly looms large over Swansea and is celebrated with the Dylan Thomas Theatre. The venue hosts a wide variety of productions, including dance groups, music festivals, plays and cabaret acts, as well as stand-up from the likes of Eddie Izzard, which we think Dylan would definitely approve of.
Based in the Maritime Quarter, Dylan himself was a member in the early 30s. The theatre now attracts over 15,000 visitors a year for its eclectic and entertaining program.
Located on the university campus, the Taliesin Art Centre is a multi-purpose venue that hosts everything from cinema screenings to art exhibitions and live gigs leaning towards jazz and world music. Big names like Jamie Cullum and Billy Cobham have played in recent years, while the site is also home to the Egypt Centre and an important collection of Egyptian artefacts and exhibits.
Head 10 miles down the coast and you'll find Port Talbot and the Princess Royal Theatre, an 800-capacity space that offers the full range of theatre events from opera and musicals to children's shows, stand-up comedy and an annual pantomime. Big names that have recently played there include Paul Young, Jason Manford and The Teletubbies.
For the full rundown of the Swansea Grand Theatre, a stunning 1,000-capacity Victorian theatre that puts on everything from opera to pantomimes, head to our dedicated page.
To find out more about the home of Swansea City Football Club and the Ospreys rugby team, check out our dedicated page on Liberty Stadium.
Dylan Thomas Centre

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Multi-national companies to build coal-fired power plant in Myanmar
companies|industries|investment|politics|reports|
A multi-national joint venture involving those from Myanmar, India and Singapore will build a 500- megawatt coal-fired power plant in Kyauktan, Myanmar's Yangon region, official media reported Wednesday.
Under a memorandum of understanding signed in Nay Pyi Taw, the power project will be jointly implemented by Myanmar's Ministry of Electric Power, Orange Powergen Pvt Ltd of India, Global Adviser Pte Ltd of Singapore and local-based Diamond Palace Services Co Ltd through build-operate-transfer (BOT) system.
Upon completion, the plant will increase electricity supply to Yangon region, the report said.
In 2012, the Myanmar ministry launched two gas-fired power projects of 500 megawatts and 120 megawatts in Yangon's Ahlone and Thakayta townships under respective MoUs with multi-national companies involving those from South Korea, Thailand and Singapore.
Myanmar produced up to 9.73 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in 2012-13, but the demand is still not met.
Due to the high demand, the government is striving to produce electricity from natural gas, diesel, coal fire, solar power, wind power, biogas and waste fuel in addition to hydropower.
Source: Xinua
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What Does James Rothschild's Family Do? Nicky Hilton's New Husband Comes From A Very Long Line Of Rich People
By Maitri Suhas
Dave Kotinsky/Getty Images Entertainment/Getty Images
If you haven't noticed, we're deep in The Age of the Comeback: tattoo chokers, Jurassic Park, and now Nicky Hilton, who everyone suddenly cares about again. On Friday, in a ceremony fit for a queen, literally, Nicky Hilton wed James Rothschild at Kensington Palace, which apparently they're just letting anyone rent for their three-day extravagant weddings these days. Clearly, with a name like Rothschild, the guy has to be loaded, but what exactly does James Rothschild's family do? If Nicky Hilton is the new face of old money in America, then James Rothschild is the new face of old money from across the pond, because the Rothschild family is practically royalty themselves.
James Rothschild is one of the heirs of the Rothschild family, one of the biggest names in banking in Europe (and in the United States, but they are longtime legends on the other continent). He is son of Amschel Rothschild, who himself was the son of (deep breath) Nathanial Mayer Victor Rothschild, the 3rd Baron Rothschild. The Rothschild family is practically British gentry. They own N.M. Rothschild, one of the biggest banking firms in the world, better known as the Rothschild Group.
Their family website (yes, they have their own family website) boasts that the banking group was founded two centuries ago and that the family created a name for themselves in Frankfurt, London, Paris, Vienna, and Naples. Their ventures include "the stuff of legend: funding of Wellington's armies, the Gold Rush, the Suez Canal, the arrival of the railways and the quest for oil." I guess if you make that kind of insane money, you are allowed to call yourself legendary.
According to The Richest, which also notes that the Rothschild family is the "wealthiest in human history," the Rothschilds played a hand in many important historical events. Nathan Mayer Rothschild was one of the principle funders of the Wellington armies during the Napoleonic Wars. Today, their net worth is not known for sure, but is estimated around $500 trillion. The Richest also notes that the Rothschild family is still extremely powerful even though now they mostly lay low, "which has led to many conspiracy theorists to believe that they basically control the world from behind the scenes."
I demand a reality show! I want to develop my own Rothschild conspiracy theories! Oh, and congratulations to the happy couple.


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Home › Dumplin' Movie Tie-in Edition
Dumplin' Movie Tie-in Edition
Paperback / softback - $9.99 USD
Author(s): Julie Murphy
Now a popular Netflix feature film, starring Jennifer Aniston, Danielle Macdonald, and Dove Cameron, as well as a soundtrack from Dolly Parton!
The #1 New York Times bestseller and feel-good YA of the year—about Willowdean Dixon, the fearless, funny, and totally unforgettable heroine who takes on her small town's beauty pageant.
Self-proclaimed fat girl Willowdean Dickson (dubbed "Dumplin'" by her former beauty queen mom) has always been at home in her own skin. Her thoughts on having the ultimate bikini body? Put a bikini on your body.
With her all-American beauty best friend, Ellen, by her side, things have always worked . . . until Will takes a job at Harpy's, the local fast-food joint. There she meets Private School Bo, a hot former jock. Will isn't surprised to find herself attracted to Bo. But she is surprised when he seems to like her back.
Instead of finding new heights of self-assurance in her relationship with Bo, Will starts to doubt herself. So she sets out to take back her confidence by doing the most horrifying thing she can imagine: entering the Miss Clover City beauty pageant—along with several other unlikely candidates—to show the world that she deserves to be up there as much as any girl does.
Along the way, she'll shock the hell out of Clover City—and maybe herself most of all.
"Will's singular voice compels readers to think about all that goes into building-and destroying-self-esteem...Splendid"
"I'm obsessed with this book. Wickedly funny, heartbreakingly real, full of characters to love and cheer for. DUMPLIN' is such a star."
"DUMPLIN' should be required reading for anyone who has ever felt even slightly uncomfortable in his or her skin. Julie Murphy's star continues to shine with this groundbreaking, poignant story that will surely change lives."
"Murphy…successfully makes every piece of the story…count, weaving them together to create a harmonious, humorous, and thought-provoking whole."
"[A] richly enjoyable novel...a clever and funny book to please lovers of thoughtful romance and secret pageant fans."
"Genuine, romantic, and with a dash of Texan charm, this is a novel that celebrates being who you are while also acknowledging that it's incredibly difficult to do."
"Portrays and challenges sterotypes about beauty pageants, size issues, and women's concerns...Powerful."
Praise for SIDE EFFECTS MAY VARY: "Honest and unflinching, this is a compelling story of one teen's struggle with cancer, love, and living. A worthwhile addition."
Praise for SIDE EFFECTS MAY VARY: "Readers will turn the last page wanting to know where the next chapter leads."
Praise for SIDE EFFECTS MAY VARY: "Alice and Harvey's relationship is raw, honest, moving, and unapologetic in its depiction of their individual, and collective, pain."


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UDISE
Shri Mahesh Chandra Pant Chancellor chancellor[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Prof. Sudhanshu Bhushan Vice-Chancellor(I/c) vc[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Dr. Sandeep Chatterjee Registrar registrar[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Mr. Nishant Sinha Finance Officer fo[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Dr. D. S. Thakur Administrative Officer (I/c) ao[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Finance and Accounts
General Admn
Personnel Admn.
Academic Admn.
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Mr. Nishant Sinha
fo[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Mr. Kamal Kumar Gupta
Assistant, Accounts & Finance
kamalkr[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To facilitate and optimize the financial functioning of the organization.
Status and functions :
The Finance Section looks into all matters pertaining to the management of funds, as received from the Ministry of Education and other sources. NIEPA follows the General Financial Rules, 2017 issued by the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, in all its financial transactions, including procurement of goods and services. The Accounts of NIEPA are audited annually by the Office of the Director General of Audit (Central Expenditure). The Section is headed by the Finance Officer who has been delegated with the responsibilities as per the NIEPA Memorandum of Association and Rules 2019, namely as responsible for the preparation of annual budget estimates and statements of account for submission to the Finance Committee and the Board of Management, responsible for the management of funds and investments of the Institute, subject to control of the Board of Management and to act as ex-officio Secretary of the Finance Committee of the Institute.
The Finance Section prepares budget, monitors the expenditure, records receipts and payments, cash and bank transactions, account reconciliations and collection of fees, other receipts etc. It disburses the scholarship and research contingency, prepares salary for the staff, tax deduction, monitors the expenditure on research projects, furnish reports, returns and related works. Matters under FR/SR, TA/DA/LTC/TTA, PF, medical and group insurance for staff are the other activities.
The Finance Section is also under the process of creation of an Internal Audit Wing which shall help the Institute in compliance with laws/ rules/ regulations/ instructions issued by the Government of India, identification of risk exposures and use of effective strategies to control them, safeguarding of the assets; checking the reliability and integrity of financial and operational information etc. The recruitment process w.r.t. the Internal Audit Wing is under process.
The unit has implemented and is currently using GeM (Government e-marketplace) and e-Procurement portal in purchase of goods and stores.
Mr. Chander Prakash
Section Officer
admingen[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To meet the infrastructure needs and providing general services to its employees, visitors and guests in a responsive, accountable and transparent manner.
NIEPA follows General Financial Rules, 2017 in purchases, works and engagement of contracts. The focus is on providing services through regular manpower or through contract agencies, purchase of stationary, computer and accessories, office equipments, furniture and procurement of miscellaneous items related to training, projects, research activities etc. Besides inventory management, issue and stock, discard of old and obsolete stores is also handled as per guidelines and government norms. The unit interacts with CPWD for matters related to civil and electrical works, new construction and maintenance and allotment of staff quarters to the employees. It provides transport and staff-car services, support in organising events, medical and other support, wherever required.
The NIEPA has two committees to consider the purchase value of items to be procured by the institute. These committee are, Standing Purchase Committee (SPC) to consider purchase value of Rs. 2.5 lakh and above, Sub-Committee of SPC to consider purchase value of less than Rs. 2.5 lakh and a Tender Opening Committee. The purchases are made through Government e-Marketplace (GeM) portal, observing the provisions of GFR, 2017. The members of the committee include nominated faculty members, the Finance Officer, Administrative Officer, the Section Officer (Accounts) and Section Officer (General Administration).
Mrs. Suchitra Bhatnagar
Assistant,Incharge Personnel Section
adminpers[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To facilitate the staff in service matters, in a responsive, accountable and transparent manner.
The Section is engaged in creation and maintenance of service records and related matters (leave, service book, LTC, advances, pay-fixation, hospitalization advance etc.), with provision of service benefits to the serving employees and others on pension matters, Right To Information (applications and their disposal), replies to parliament questions and the nodal ministry.
The unit makes effort in timely disposal of service matters, like LTC advance, medical advance, timely disposal of RTI applications/appeals, dealing with court matters etc.
Mr Bharat Bhushan Jain
Stenographer Grade-I ,Incharge Academic Administration
adminacademic[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To facilitate the faculty members and Group - 'A'staff in service matters, in a responsive, accountable and transparent manner.
The Section is engaged in creation and maintenance of service records and matters pertaining to the faculty and officers in terms of their appointment and extending various service benefits, assessment or promotion etc., while being in service and other benefits on retirement. It also helps in redressal of grievances, submitting reply under RTI (Right To Information Act, 2005) and reply to parliament questions and nodal ministry.
The unit makes effort in timely disposal of service matters, like LTC advance, CEA, medical advance, timely disposal of RTI applications/appeals, dealing with court matters etc. It has taken steps to fill the vacancies and addressed the requirement of career advancement of the faculty members. Foundation training for the new entrant faculty was also arranged.
Ms. Rekha Rani
studentcell[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To facilitate services to the students and research scholars admitted to the academic programme.
The unit coordinates the process of admission and other semester related activities in consultation with the M.Phil and Ph.D course coordinator. It helps to check eligibility for fellowship and notifies disbursement, issue of provisional degree, mark sheets and transcripts. The registration of research proposal, internal assessment and viva-voce is conducted, with allotment of supervisors to the scholars, pre-submission seminars, thesis submission, external examiners and thesis evaluation etc., as per the process and regulations.
Some of the top performance includes, timely completion of admission process, conduct of online admission process, verification of documents, semester registration, release of fellowship, allotment of courses and online teaching.
Deputy Publication Officer
amit[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
The Publication Unit supports the functions relating to knowledge sharing through printing, publishing and dissemination of the outcomes of research and development activities in the Institute.
The Publication Unit supports the functions relating to knowledge sharing through documentation and dissemination of the outcomes of research and development activities. NIEPA publishes documents related to research in the areas of educational policy, planning, administration and finance in the form of Scholarly Works, i.e. Research Reports, Conference Proceedings, Scholarly Writings, Edited Anthologies, Policy Briefs, Books & Other Reports, Journals, Occasional Papers, Research Papers, and other Publications related to training and teaching like, M. Phil. & Ph. D. Prospectus, Curriculum Guide, Rules and Regulations, Schedule, Newsletter, Training Materials, Folders, Booklets, Announcements, etc..
The Unit has an approved panel of Copy Editors, Translators, Designers, Offset and Digital Printers that facilitate the Institute to get the publishing services. Publication Guidelines exist and the process is well defined with flow-charting of activities for different kind of publications which makes everything transparent. The approved schedule of rates for Designing, Typesetting, Translation, Digital and Offset Printing, facilitates to execute our publishing jobs at shorter intervals, instead of inviting tenders every time. The in-house arrangement for simple designing, layout setting and page formatting for regular publishing jobs like English Journal, Occasional Papers, CPRHE Research Papers, Programme Announcement etc., adds strength to our process. It works as a team and the publications comes out with good and reasonable quality.
Ms. Puja Singh
pujasingh[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To act as a resource and learning centre to meet the information needs of its clientele, including faculty and students of the Institute, research scholars from India and abroad, participants of various national/international training/diploma programmes organized by the NIEPA, and other visiting faculty and users.
The library has a rich and unique collection of books, journals, magazines, and e-resources such as JSTOR, EPW, Emerald database and Sage collections etc. It caters to the needs of enrolled students, faculty members, alumni, staff and retired employees of the institute. The new arrivals are displayed and publications of the institute are also displayed separately. The library also provides some new online information services such as SDI (circulation of the academic works of NIEPA faculty), NIEPA in the Press, Remote Access to e-Resources, and Web OPAC along with other reference and users' services e.g. Inter Library Loan (ILL), Circulation Service, Internet Service, Bibliographic Service and Photocopying Service etc.
The library is equipped with modern teaching and learning aids, computer facilities and electronic facilities such as Wi-Fi. All in-house activities in the Library, including Acquisition, Cataloguing, Circulation and Serials Control are fully computerized using LMS, the latest version of the Libsys10 Software Package. NIEPA Library provides a Remote Access facility of subscribed e-Resources through VPN. All faculty members, researchers, and students can access to the library e-resources from outside the campus, anywhere, anytime. Web OPAC facilitates browsing and searching the databases of books, journals and articles available in the NIEPA library.
Suggested reforms (through existing resources):
The library plans to provide online access to e-resources to the participants of different programmes, attending training and capacity building programmes. The collection development policy also needs a change for the books, magazines and news papers etc., and Web OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue) service be through mobile application on Libsys10.
Dr. D. S. Thakur
Documentation Officer
dsthakur[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To maintain the institute repository of records and add research and knowledge material, both in hard as well as soft copy, online material etc., in the domain of education policy, planning and administration.
The centre maintains a huge depository of records and reports related to education, as received from the state education departments and centre, universities and academic institutions. It provides the reports for reference, which serve as a valuable resource to write reports, understanding trends and data related thereto, while designing policy and planning for the different education verticals in the state and centre.
Ms. Sonam Anand
Assistant, Incharge, Training Cell
trcell[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To conduct orientation, training programmes and workshops for various category of education personnel, aimed at strengthening institutional capacity for improved educational planning and administration.
To organize different training programmes as approved by the departments and centres, in consultation with their Departmental Advisory Committee and inputs as received from the State Education Departments. The professional development programmes, structured in the form of an annual calendar and delivered in the form of orientation, training, workshops, seminar, conference and meetings, including on-sight trainings, is an effort to strengthen the capacity of personnel, both teaching and non-teaching, as an aid to improving teaching capability, research and policy formulation on educational planning and administration.
TThe training calendar for a year is released in advance, in order to help the participants to apply, get sponsored and plan their participation. The training programmes, workshops, seminars, conference and meetings coordinated by the departments and centres, include a variety of participants including district and state-level functionaries, directors of education and other state-level officials, heads of national/state/district level educational institutions etc., at all levels or stages of career, providing a homogenous mix of learners and practitioners. The departments and centres of the institute always try to update the topics and include the changes which have taken place, since training last conducted.
Dr. Ravi Prakash Singh
Hindi Editor
hindicell[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To work towards implementation of Official Language Policy.
To work towards implementation of Official Language Policy and support publication of Hindi Journal (Pariprekshya) and work pertaining to the translation and bilingual conversion of Annual Report and Annual Accounts, organizing Hindi fortnight and other translation work, issue of bilingual forms, reports and returns etc.
The unit has coordinated the editorial support and publication of Hindi journal, Pariprekshya, translation work of special bulletin, reports and lectures, bilingual conversion and digitization of commonly used forms and promoting Hindi, under Official Language Implementation Policy.
Amongst the best achievements in the recent past, the translation and release of Hindi version of Annual Report has taken place for the years 2016-17, 2017-2018, 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 and also the translation work handed over for the year 2020-21 to the publication unit. Bilingual conversion of Perspective Plan 2020-30 has taken place and further issues of Hindi journal for the year 2018-19 has been handed over to the publication unit. It is being targetted to prepare and release the remaining issues of Hindi journal, Pariprekshya.
Dr. Vetukuri P. S. Raju
vpsraju[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
Dr. Kashyapi Awasthi
kawasthi[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To provide hostel facilities to the students and guest house accommodation to the visiting guests, participants of diploma and other academic programme, trainings etc., both national and international.
The facility attempts to provide best boarding and lodging amenities to the participants, visiting the institute for trainings, academic and other programme. The hostel and guest house premises are well maintained with plantation and beautification of the surroundings. The maintenance and repairs are done by the CPWD, routing it through the General Administration Section.
Mr.Chandra Kumar MJ
Systems Analyst
chandrakumar[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To provide IT and ICT based services to the students, staff and faculty.
The facility attempts to provide services related to information technology (IT) and information and communication technology (ICT) to all the stakeholders, viz., to the students, staff, faculty, trainees and guests/visitors coming to the institute and also extending remote/ virtual access, as per programme needs of the departments/course coordinator. It maintains the institute website and social media handles and coordinates the conduct of online examination and various events, programmes etc., as per the activity calendar or on specific request. It also suggests hardware requirement and helps in procurement of IT and ICT related goods, routing it through the General Administration Section.
The Computer Centre helps to coordinate with the subject teachers and the coordinator to facilitate online mode of dissemination of courses, M.Phil, Ph.D, PGDEPA, IDEPA and ITEC courses. It also maintains the social media for easy and quick reach out (facebook, twitter, youtube, instagram), and live-streaming of the courses, webinars, interviews, events and handling large clientele through GMeet, Webex, Mstream services. The data center support in terms of website maintenance and updates, internet (LAN/Wi-Fi), storage support and information security is extended to the users. The Unit has a documented IT policy, follows the Information Technology Act, 2000 and the Cyber Laws as per guidelines of MeitY.
In terms of e-governance, it provides payroll support, online recruitment, support to projects and procurement of goods, documentation and library network, software support and NAD-Digilocker for the online maintenance of student records. The NIEPA online services include platform for accessing academic resources, including books and journals, database services etc.
Shri Bharat Bhushan Jain
Stenographer Grade-I
bharat[at]niepa[dot]ac[dot]in
To support the PIs and Departments / Administration in managing all activities related to projects undertaken in the institute, including its staff recruitment, funding and accounting of these projects, records management etc., besides coordinating the Grants-in-Aid Committee (GIAC) meetings and assisting the Internal Research Review Committee.
The Project Management Unit at NIEPA looks after all the activities pertaining to various project and research studies being undertaken by the institute, including management of timelines and recruitment of project staff at all levels of the research projects, either funded by the institute or through external funding.
The unit follows an approved guideline on all aspects of project management, and maintains record meticulously about details of PIs, appointment of project staff, their service conditions, salary and renewals etc. It maintains precise and up-to-date records, submission of reports of completion of the project, independent evaluation, fund status and utilization etc.
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It has all the makings of a public transport miracle: a rollout of new myki technology that isn't plagued by huge problems. At least not yet.
Commuters taking part in a smartphone myki payment trial have given the beta test a cautious thumbs up, heaping praise on the convenience of topping up remotely and the system's decent touch-on speed.
Android users started using their mobile phones to pay for fares on Victoria's trains, buses and trams after Public Transport Victoria invited 4000 people to take part in the test-run last month.
But those who have been accepted into the trial are pleased with the technology's performance so far, despite the odd hiccup.
Derrimut IT worker Nick Neos, 35, said he had been using Google Pay as a digital wallet for a couple of years and that adding a myki had been straightforward.
"For me, the more cards I can eliminate from my wallet, the better," he said.
He catches the train to the city two or three times a week and said he had only had one myki reader not recognise his phone.
"There's probably a slight delay compared to the myki card but it's an extra half a second, if that," he said.
"It's enough to notice it, but not enough to be a problem."
Eligible testers must have a compatible Android phone with NFC (Near-Field Communication) capability. Once given access to the trial, they then have the option to add a myki in the passes section of the Google Pay app.
That creates a new virtual myki, which can be topped up instantly via a linked credit card.
A new myki must be set up, so existing funds on a daily/weekly/monthly/yearly pass cannot be transferred over.
James Sash, a 24-year-old software engineer from Taylors Hill, said some of the older myki readers on the Sunbury line were a bit slow to recognise his phone.
"If you move too quickly or just a little bit it fails to read. If you get it properly in the one spot, it's ok," he said.
"The newer readers at places like Richmond work much better."
Cristina Spizzica, 27, said she had been using the digital payment option for a couple of days only but was already enjoying the convenience of ditching her myki card.
"In summer, if you're a person who has to wear clothes without pockets, it's great," she said.
"Paying with a phone has become one of my habits, I've been going out to lunch without a wallet."
She said the technology was well overdue, with other public transport systems around the world already enjoying cardless payments.
"It's definitely something I've been wanting for a while," she said.
"You see people looking at me when I use it wondering 'how are you doing this?'"
Essendon student Michael, 19, said he was still carrying his physical myki as a back-up but so far the phone technology hadn't failed.
He said the myki readers had no problems recognising his phone's NFC antenna, even when inside a case.
"If they were to roll it out as a full thing I would definitely use it," he said.
To apply to be part of the mobile myki program go to ptv.vic.gov.au/mobilemyki.


text:
Young at Heart Resources
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Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Freda)
Let's say "hello" to Freda Miller. Freda started with Young at Heart Resources as an Ombudsman assistant in 2006, and was soon after promoted to manager of the Ombudsman program. Then, from 2015 to 2020, she managed our Family Caregiver Program, before taking on the role of Chief Operations Officer in July. "COO is short…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Janna)
Next up is Janna Leadbetter. Janna is one of our administrative assistants. She joined the Young at Heart Resources team in Fall 2019. While she does support work for both coworkers and clients, her role is primarily focused on content writing and community relations. She loves that her job with our agency combines the best…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Redempta)
Let's meet Redempta Kegode. Redempta has been with Young at Heart since April 2019 as the Nutrition Project Director, a position that has opened her eyes to the world of seniors in the 18-county region of Northwest Missouri that we serve. "Good, consistent nutrition leads to healthy bodies which are able to stave off illness,"…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Debbie)
Meet Debbie Hogue. Debbie will recognize her 24th anniversary with the agency in March. (You read that right, 24 years!) As our fiscal assistant, she oversees our Medicaid meal program, handles billing for our in-home service agencies, and processes other important monthly reports. She enjoys the detail of her work, and seeing everything balance all…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Shari)
We'd like you to meet Shari Harris. Shari moved from Western Nebraska in November 2016 to join Young at Heart Resources as Chief Financial Officer. She enjoys being part of something that makes a difference in people's lives. Shari believes it's important to give back. She's a US Navy Veteran, and has enjoyed a variety…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Mary Jo)
Today we want you to meet Mary Jo Fletchall. Mary Jo celebrated her six-year anniversary with Young at Heart Resources a few weeks ago. She was initially hired as a temporary employee under a Benefits Enrollment Center grant, and three months later secured full-time status to focus on benefits counseling. "I love my job," she…
February 2021 Medicare Fraud Prevention Fact
Written by Missouri SMP The rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine slowly continues in Missouri, and Medicare beneficiaries now qualify to get the vaccine as it becomes available. Patience and vigilance are necessary as local health departments, clinics and pharmacies set up vaccination events and alert the public. The Missouri SMP reminds older adults to watch…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Becky)
Meet Becky Caldwell, who is with our Ombudsman program. Becky's been with Young at Heart Resources for more than seven years. She started as a care coordinator, assisting clients with things like Medicaid and in-home assessments, and back then was also a licensed navigator for the Affordable Care Act. In 2015, she received a promotion…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February (Micky)
Meet Micky Bates, who is first up. Micky is our Healthy Living Coordinator, and she celebrates 5 years with our organization this month. Because she strives to learn all she can to improve the lives of our older adults, she has achieved certification in several important programs, like Tai Chi, Arthritis Foundation Exercise, and Chronic…
Meet Our Team: A Series in February
This month we'll be featuring a series of Young at Heart Resources staff bios! We'll introduce you to each team member, and tell you a little bit about them as we work through February. We'll be sharing one per business day, starting tomorrow, so be sure to watch this webpage!
The Gravity of Ombudsman Advocacy: Case Studies
Whether you've engaged with one of our Ombudsmen about your own rights, or on behalf of a loved one, or have interest in volunteering with our Ombudsman program, spend some time with the article linked below. Not only does it explain well what roles an Ombudsman plays, it offers a handful of case studies so…
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You know how it is when you've scrolled all the way to the bottom of someone's blog, then you have to scroll all the way back up. Well, here's something you can add that will send readers quickly back to the top.
You can see mine at the far right bottom of this blog.
Go here to find other variations of this button, like arrows.
Go to Layout>Gadgets>Add HTML Gadget.
I didn't like the gap the gadget left at the top, so I moved mine all the way to the bottom of my sidebar.
Ohhhh I have wanted one of those for ages...thanks!
Thank you, Brenda. I picked one of them and just added it to my blog.
Love it! That's two you've helped me with today!
Very Nice and Informative Post. Thank admin for sharing such an amazing post.


Most people who cite Swedenborg's writings use what is currently known as the Standard Edition, the English translation produced in the early 1900s. In the 1990s, these translations were electronically input in order to create a new typeset version, and at the same time some of the language was updated and clarified by the project editor, William Ross Woofenden. These volumes are known as the Redesigned Standard Edition.
These PDFs are available for free online reading or download. If you click on the titles below, it will open up a new browser window with the full text of the volume. Depending on which browser you use, the text may display differently, so if you're having trouble reading it, you may wish to download the text to your computer. To do that, look for a menu option that allows you to "Save Page As…" (if you have a mouse with left and right buttons, you can right-click on the document itself for a menu with this option). When the dialog box appears, choose to save the file somewhere on your computer in PDF format. Then you can open the file using a program such as Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Please note that the page number displayed in your PDF reader window may not match the number on the page you are looking at. Also, if you are downloading a short work that was originally published as part of a larger volume, the pagination of that short work will correspond to its place in that larger volume.
To purchase print editions of these works, visit our bookstore.
To learn about the latest translation, the New Century Edition of the Works of Emanuel Swedenborg, click here.
Indented titles in the list below are components of the larger volumes that can be downloaded separately.


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Inventors Eye
Patently Poinsettia
Elizabeth Dougherty : Office of Innovation Development
Children are said during the holidays to have visions of sugar plums dancing in their heads-although it is unclear how many children today know what a sugar plum is-but the poinsettia remains the favorite of holiday home decorators. Its multitude of colors, range of sizes, and rich varieties make the poinsettia a classic touch for holiday decorating at home, office, or school. Who can resist picking up one or many for a pop of color as the season gets into full swing?
It is estimated that poinsettias contribute more than $250 million to the U.S. economy in annual retail sales. Not surprisingly, the poinsettia is the most popular potted plant in America, with the most concentrated sales during the six-week period leading up to Christmas, generating $60 million. California ranks as the top poinsettia-producing state in America.
But just where did this vibrant, festive plant come from, and how does it relate to patents?
America is not the only country producing poinsettias, nor was it the home origin of the plant scientifically known as Euphorbia pulcherrima. The poinsettia is native to Mexico. It can be found in deciduous tropical forests at moderate elevations down the Pacific coastline from Mexico to Guatemala. They also thrive in the interior of Mexico in some hot, seasonally dry forests.
In Mexico, cultivation of poinsettias has been traced back to the Aztecs. They used parts of the poinsettia to create reddish-purple dyes for fabrics as well as medicine. It is said that Montezuma, the last of the Aztec kings, had poinsettias delivered by caravan to his capital at what is now Mexico City because they could not be grown in the high altitude.
The poinsettia was first introduced to the Unites States in 1828 by botanist, physician, and first U.S. Ambassador to Mexico Joel Roberts Poinsett. He had come across the plant in southern Mexico and sent cuttings of it back to his home in Charleston, S.C. The poinsettia subsequently received its name in his honor.
The Ecke Family
In 1900, Albert Ecke emigrated from Germany to Los Angeles, Calif., where he opened a dairy and orchard. He began selling poinsettias on city streets. His son Paul and grandson Paul Jr. took the small business to new levels by developing a grafting technique to create fuller, compact plants. This change made it possible for every seedling to branch and thus produce a bushier plant rather than the weedy look of the naturally occurring poinsettia.
The Eckes also marketed the plants as a holiday favorite. To increase the scope of their business, the family relocated to Encinitas, Calif., where they established the Ecke Family Ranch. For nearly 100 years, the Eckes produced variation after variation of poinsettias, featuring an array of colors and foliage shapes. With each new variety they developed, the Eckes acquired plant patents to protect their inventions. As a result of their ingenuity, the Eckes held a virtual monopoly on the poinsettia market until the 1990s when their grafting method was independently discovered and published by a university researcher, opening the door for competitors to join the marketplace.
In 2012, Paul Ecke III made the difficult decision to sell both the family business and ranch, but the Ecke name lives on, as the company still produces a significant amount of the poinsettias sold in the United States and across the world.
The Ecke family is credited with creating a unique and wonderful American legacy. The family holds roughly 500 U.S. plant patents, either granted to one of the Eckes or assigned to the Ecke Family Ranch. This vast and colorful patent portfolio is a tribute to the ingenuity and passion of their vision, technological talent, and business acumen.
National Poinsettia Day is December 12th
U.S. Plant Patents
The patent most people think of is known as a utility patent, which protects new and useful processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof.
The vast majority of patents issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) are in fact utility patents. But you can also obtain a design patent-think of a unique product shape-or a plant patent.
A plant patent is a grant by the U.S. government to an inventor (or the inventor's heirs or assignees) who has invented or discovered and asexually reproduced a distinct and new variety of plant, other than a tuber propagated plant or a plant found in an uncultivated state. By "asexually reproduced," this means that the plant is propagated without the use of genetic seeds, ensuring that an exact genetic copy of the plant is reproduced. There are a number of ways to asexually reproduce plants, including grafting, division, slips, rhizomes, and root cutting, among others. The grant, which like other patents lasts for 20 years from the date of filing the application, protects the inventor's right to exclude others from asexually reproducing, selling, or using the plant so reproduced. More than 23,000 U.S. plant patents have been issued since the Plant Patent Act of 1930.
Plant patent applications for years required full-color drawings of the new varieties embodied by the plant. The submitted drawings were often beautiful works of art, rendered in water color, oil paints, or color pencil. Today, color drawings may still be submitted, but most applicants prefer to provide a photograph of the plant instead.
To learn more about U.S. plant patents, what they protect, and how to file an application, visit the USPTO's online guide to plant patents.
Plant patents are an interesting and often overlooked part of the U.S. intellectual property system. These eye-catching patents provide protection for many of the trees, shrubs, flowers and other vegetation beautifying our homes and indoor and outdoor spaces, including more than 100 varieties of poinsettias. This holiday season, you just might find yourself marveling at the beauty of a poinsettia. While you're at it, take some time to reflect on how our intellectual property system helped bring you that beauty, and how less colorful our lives might be without patents and trademarks.
The USPTO gives you useful information and non-legal advice in the areas of patents and trademarks. The patent and trademark statutes and regulations should be consulted before attempting to apply for a patent or register a trademark. These laws and the application process can be complicated. If you have intellectual property that could be patented or registered as a trademark, the use of an attorney or agent who is qualified to represent you in the USPTO is advised.
Inventor organizations by state
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Children are said during the holidays to have visions of sugar plums dancing in their heads-although
Collegiate Inventors Lead Technological Charge
What does the future of medical technology look like? Imagine smarter devices able to find the
Tripping the Light Fantastic: An Interview with W. Richard Frederick
Any of us who has hung holiday lights has dealt with a string that goes dark because of one burned
Lower Fees Starting January 1
More good news is on the horizon for independent inventors and small businesses. Effective January 1
Detroit Saturday Seminar on December 7 The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) will
Organizations for Inventors
Below is a list of independent inventor groups across the United States. Many groups keep up-to-date
This page is owned by Inventorseye Newsletter. Published on: Jul 19, 2016 12:11 PM EDT Last Modified:	Jul 19, 2016 12:11 PM EDT
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I just had a thought. Back when they first came out with cameras, even back when they had only pinhole cameras, did anyone ever think that there would be something that could take the picture for you? i.e. point-and-shoot cameras. No need to understand aperture and shutter speed (thank the good Lord :b), just hit a button and you've got a fairly nice image. Much better than pinhole camera results, at least, and in much less time.
But then, I suppose it's like me thinking of cars driving us around in the future. I can't imagine it. I just don't know how it would work. Computers, yes, but … someone else'll have to figure it out. I don't see it happening, really.
This entry was posted in Random on Monday, 26 March, 2007 by Jeidai.
But then, I suppose it's like me thinking of cars driving us around in the future. I can't imagine it.


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Everybody Panic: Target Says Data From 40 Million Credit Cards Might Have Been Stolen
We're screwed.
By Jordan Valinsky • 12/19/13 10:03am
#prayers4Target (Photo: Flickr)
Our joyous weekly visits to Target are now shrouded in fear and crippling anxiety–and not because of the check-out lines. The retailer announced today that a security breach might have compromised the credit and debit card information of 40 million shoppers who frequented the mecca the last few weeks.
Cyber criminals reportedly stole the data stored on the magnetic strips of banking cars when they were swiped at cash registers at almost all of Target's stores in the United States. The breach happened between the height of Black Friday on Nov. 27 and lasted until Dec. 15, reports The New York Times.
Krebs on Security, a noted security blog, first broke the news Wednesday after learning about it from sources at two credit card companies. The information obtained by the hackers, including names, credit card numbers and the short verification codes, are enough to create counterfeit cards. Online shoppers were not affected.
In a press release, Target confirmed the breach and that the "issue has been identified and resolved." It advised customers to check their credit and debit statements for unauthorized transactions. Federal officials are assisting in the investigation as the company tries to figure out who was behind the hacking.
We at Betabeat haven't yet checked our bills, but if our information was compromised, we hope the hackers have more willpower than we do at Target.
Filed Under: Digital Media, Innovation, Hackers, Target, security breach
SEE ALSO: You click, we listen


Quick Q&A: After transmigrating, what do you do if you find yourself in a dynasty where corrupted officials are everywhere, and to even squat at the toilet, you had to first pass the exam?
Xu Ran raised her head and screams at the sky: What the hell, don't play me like this!
The Great Zhou Dynasty's studying god, His Royal Highness Prince Zhou Jing Zhao frowned as he stared at the petite figure that was not far away from him, happily feasting, and was puzzled. In this world, is there really such a magical human being? She didn't even know how to take a test?
After thinking for a long time, His Royal Highness decided that such a magical person should remain by his side for further observation. However, after observing, he simply was unable to stop.
Xu Ran blinked: It's called having the potential to grow, not magic.
His Royal Highness: No, you are a magical being that I cannot figure out.
Xu Ran choked and was dumbfounded: Whatever, as long as you are happy you can think how ever you want.


text:
Home>MAIN NEWS>Courts and Law>UK-based Zimbabwean found guilty of 11 counts of rape, sexual abuse of kids
Africa & WorldCourts and Law
UK-based Zimbabwean found guilty of 11 counts of rape, sexual abuse of kids
JAILED: Simba Masvaure
"Masvaure is an evil and manipulative man who put his victims through the anguish of a long trial and continued to lie right up to its conclusion...."
A 44-year-old Zimbabwe-born man based in Milton Keynes, Northampton, Uk, has been found guilty of 11 sexual offences against children.
Following a 10-day trial, Simba Masvaure, from Kingsfold in Bradville, was found guilty of sexual assault by penetration, attempted rape and sexual activity with a child.
The offences took place in Northampton over a 12-year period, Northampton Crown Court heard.
The jury delivered their verdict last Friday (June 11) and Masvaure was remanded in custody for sentencing in August.
The officer who led the investigation, Detective Constable Kirsty Brooks from the Force's Child Protection Team, said: "First and foremost, I'd like to pay tribute to the incredible strength and bravery of the victims.
"Their stoicism throughout a long investigation and a difficult 10-day trial has been astounding.
"I am so pleased the jury delivered the right verdict.
"Masvaure is an evil and manipulative man who put his victims through the anguish of a long trial and continued to lie right up to its conclusion.
"He groomed, manipulated and abused over a long period of time and to stand up and speak out against him takes enormous courage.
MaJuice in court for rape, says the teenager consented
Tax driver rapes 15-year-old pupil
"It also sends out a message to other victims: we will listen to you; we will believe you; we will do all we can to bring offenders to justice.
"Masvaure is where he should be – behind bars, where he cannot hurt anybody else."
They continued: "If you have been a victim of sexual assault, whether recent or non-recent, please come forward and call us on 101 or use our online reporting tool at www.northants.pnn.police.uk." – Northampton Press ■
Rape Sex with minor Sexual abuse Simba Masvaure
ZESA tariffs will continue going up: Minister
Hungary passes law banning LGBTQ+ content for minors


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Q: Rails video uploading I've searched around for different uploading options for rails and video and Paperclip seems to be pretty good, but are there any others people would recommend, it should have good tutorials and docs because i can't really find any great paperclip docs involving uploading video content.

A: We got Paperclip working with video a while back

Systems
You'll have the same ambiguity whether you use CarrierWave or Paperclip (Rails' two main "attachment" handlers)
Any upload system only handles the transfer of file data between your PC, your Rails app & your db. Each of them (from my understanding). E.G Paperclip only creates an ActiveRecord object from your file, saves the data to your server's public dir & creates a record in your db

Code
The question of video is one of using the right processor, rather than the right uploader:
#app/models/attachment.rb
has_attached_file :attachment,
    styles: lambda { |a| a.instance.is_image? ? {:small => "x200>", :medium => "x300>", :large => "x400>"}  : {:thumb => { :geometry => "100x100#", :format => 'jpg', :time => 10}, :medium => { :geometry => "300x300#", :format => 'jpg', :time => 10}}},
    processors: lambda { |a| a.is_video? ? [ :ffmpeg ] : [ :thumbnail ] }

Extra
You'll need to use a video processor such as ffmpeg for Paperclip:
#GemFile
gem "paperclip-ffmpeg", "~> 1.0.1"

You may have to install ffmpeg on your system to get the processor to work locally (Heroku has ffmpeg). This will allow you to use the video_tag helper:
<%= video_tag(@model.attachment.url) %>

There's a good tutorial about using ffmpeg with Paperclip here
And another tutorial here

A: With rails Carrierwave and Paperclip are the best attachment handlers. Now
for all kinds of file upload like images, videos, other raw files etc. you can use Cloudinary with carrierwave. See this
http://cloudinary.com/documentation/rails_carrierwave

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
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text:
Aavaas in concert
Kathmandu:
The programme that was washed out by the rains on October 20, was re-staged on October 29 at the Garden of Dreams , Kaiser Mahal.
A sizeable crowd had turned up for 'Ramailo Saanjh with Aavaas' presented by Infinity International in association with nepalaya.
Aavaas was introduced by poet Manjul: "The evening is beautiful so are the lit lanterns, the trees, the flowers, the grass... and to add to the already beautiful evening, we give you Aavaas."
The singer dressed in his signature deep-blue kurta started the evening's programme with Ambar Gurung's number as a salute to his guru and mentor.
This set the tone for the evening.
Aavaas dug into his collection of unfamiliar and unrecorded (a few recorded) songs and attempted to win his audience's and a handful of his fans' hearts. As the evening wore on, the songs of unrequited love piled one on top of the other, one as sad as the other one, the second one sounding similar to the first one...
Yet the audience perked up at his Oh Tenzing, maile yo prem ko pahad kahile nanghne hola (Oh, Tenzing, when will I be able to climb this mountain of love?). This number was well received perhaps because it was different in beat and tune (though not in theme), from the previous ones.
His composition of a Pakistani poet's work was also well received. Introducing it as "a geet (song) set in the ghazal-style", Aavaas was able to put a soulful strain to the words Ab kya dekhen raaha tumhari, beet chuki hai raat, chhodo, chhodo gham ki baat, beet chuki hai raat...
Credit goes to the singer for interspersing his performance with a little information about the songs that he was singing like Srawan Mukarung's Lampost, among others. Though it was supposed to be a ramailo saaanjh (enjoyable evening) with Aavaas, one cannot say it was ramailo for everyone who had come — perhaps the sharp chill should be blamed for taking away the enjoyment as it has made sitting out in the open in the late evenings quite a torture.
Non-white films highlighted in AFI movies of the year list


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Precise control of an individual particle or molecule is a difficult task. Controlling multiple particles simultaneously is an even more challenging endeavor. Illinois researchers have developed a new method that relies on fluid flow to manipulate and assemble multiple particles. This new technique can trap a range of submicron- to micron-sized particles, including single DNA molecules, vesicles, drops or cells.
From left, Illinois professors Christopher Rao and Charles Schroeder with graduate student Anish Shenoy developed a new method for controlling multiple particles. Photo by L. Brian Stauffer.
"This is a fundamentally new method for trapping multiple particles in solution," said Charles M. Schroeder, a University of Illinois professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering. Schroeder conducted the research with mechanical science and engineering graduate student Anish Shenoy and chemical and biomolecular engineering professor Christopher Rao.
The study results were reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Many methods exist for particle trapping, with each type using a different modality for trapping – including optical, magnetic, acoustic and electrical forces. However, many of these techniques change or perturb the system that is being observed.
"The existing techniques can be very restrictive in particle properties required for trapping, and we wanted to study a broad range of systems like bacterial cells and different types of soft particles like vesicles, bubbles and droplets," Shenoy said. None of the prevailing techniques can be used for studying this broad range of systems across multiple length scales, he said. Thus, the researchers wanted to build a technique that could be generally applied to arbitrary numbers of arbitrary kinds of particles.
Called the Stokes Trap, the method developed by Schroeder's team relies on gentle fluid flow to manipulate particles. Schroeder's group is the first to implement multiple particle trapping and assembly using fluid flow.
Using the Stokes Trap, the researchers can manipulate particles to follow any predetermined path.
In order to control the movement of the particles from a set starting position to a set ending position, Shenoy and his colleagues developed an automated control algorithm that calculates which pressures are required to drive the flow fields and precisely move the particles in a small microdevice. The algorithm can solve the complex optimization problem in half a millisecond, he said.
Using the Stokes Trap, the researchers can manipulate particles to follow any predetermined path. Image courtesy of Anish Shenoy.
"There are multiple parameters involved in the controller, and that's the complicated part of it," Schroeder said.
The control program is designed to calculate the particles' distance from a target position and move them efficiently by minimizing the flow rate necessary to move the particles. It also will allow researchers to assemble multiple particles into arbitrary, complex structures and to probe interactions between two or more particles.
The group hopes the Stokes Trap will become as universal as other commonly used trapping methods.
This research was supported by an FMC Educational Fund Fellowship; a Packard Fellowship from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation; and an NSF CAREER Award (CBET 1254340) from the National Science Foundation.
To reach Charles Schroeder, call 217-333-3906; email cms illinois [dot] edu.
The paper "Stokes trap for multiplexed particle manipulation and assembly using fluidics" is available online or from the News Bureau.


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Honda abandoned the three-door hatchback for the US market, focusing on Coupes and Sedans for its Civic product line. The FG2 Civic Coupe Si kicked off the line in 2006, followed by the FA5 Civic Sedan Si in 2007. Honda equipped the Si-trimmed Civics with K20Z3 i-VTEC engines producing 197 horsepower, while the non-Si Civics received single overhead cam R18A1 i-VTEC engines making 139 horsepower. In 2009, a limited offering of 1,000 Mugen Limited Edition Si vehicles were presented to the US market. This limited featured a host of aesthetic components to set itself apart from the standard Si, while performance gains were tough to discern. Still, these limited editions made their way off showroom floors with relative ease.


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Scientists map reproductive system's evolution as dinosaurs gave rise to birds
by Kevin Holden, Science China Press
(A) This is the new specimen of Enantiornithes indet (STM10󈝸) preserving ovarian follicles, note the specimen is preserved in dorsal view and the follicles are preserved on the left side of the body, scale bar equals 20 mm. (B) Closeup of the follicles (enlarged from white box in A), scale bar equals 5 mm. Credit: Science China Press
As winged dinosaurs underwent a series of evolutionary changes during the transition into Aves, or birds, one pivotal transformation was the appearance of a single-ovary reproductive system. "The most widely accepted hypothesis for the presence of a single functional ovary in living birds is that the right ovary … was lost to reduce body mass in gravid females during flight," report a team of Chinese scientists who are adding new details to the mosaic of understanding how terrestrial dinosaurs gave rise to birds and powered flight.
These scientists, led by the director of the prestigious Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing, posit that this adaptation of the reproductive system likely occurred "gradually during the evolution of dinosaurs and basal birds," yet add that until recently, the fossil record provided only scattered evidence on the timeline of these phylogenetic changes.
But the discovery of a series of fossils that include evidence of single ovaries in the basal bird Jeholornis and in an array of more derived enantiornithine birds from the Cretaceous, in what is now eastern China, is helping them pinpoint the timing of the pared-down reproductive system of avian dinosaurs.
Members of Aves, which includes the common ancestor of the 150 million-year-old Archaeopteryx and all living birds, are unique among amniotes in terms of featuring a single-ovary system, notes Zhonghe Zhou, director of the IVPP and lead author of the study "Ovarian follicles shed new light on dinosaur reproduction during the transition towards birds."
One feathered dinosaur considered closely related to birds, the oviraptorosaurian maniraptoran theropod, had two functional ovaries, according to Zhou and co-authors of the paper.
In contrast, they add, the fossil of the primitive bird Jeholornis that was recently uncovered in the northeastern Chinese province of Liaoning featured the lighter-weight single ovary system. "Jeholornis," they explain, "with its long dinosaurian boney tail, is only slightly more derived than Archaeopteryx, indicating that even the most basal birds were already modern in this aspect."
This provides evidence that the evolution in the reproductive structure "occurred at—or very near—the dinosaur–avian transition, supporting the hypothesis that birds lost the use of [one] ovary due to the energetic pressures of flight," Zhou and colleagues state.
Zhonghe Zhou and IVPP scholar Jingmai K. O'Connor, along with Xiaoting Zheng, Xiaoli Wang, and Yan Wang of the Institute of Geology and Paleontology at Linyi University, in the eastern Chinese province of Shandong, presented their findings in a study published by the just-launched journal National Science Review.
The National Science Review is the first comprehensive scholarly journal published in English in China that is aimed at linking the country's rapidly advancing community of scientists with the global frontiers of science and technology. The journal also aims to shine a worldwide spotlight on scientific research advances across China.
Zhonghe Zhou and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, which is part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have long been at the forefront of characterizing the remarkable winged dinosaurs that are being uncovered across China.
Following the discovery of microscopic evidence of feather coloring and patterns in dinosaur and bird fossils dating back to the late Jurassic, the IVPP set out to begin depicting these species in living color. The finding of melanosomes, or pigment-bearing organelles, embedded in the fossil feathers of select dinosaur specimens unexpectedly provided a means to reconstruct a wide array of feathered dinosaurs with a scientifically precise palette, Zhou said in an earlier interview with EurekAlert!.
The examination of a sampling of dinosaur fossils from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota and the Jurassic Yanliao Biota (dating back about 160 million years) using a scanning electron microscope uncovered the color-triggering melanosomes. The discovery, Zhou said, could enable the reconstruction across a full-color spectrum of dinosaurs featuring pennaceous feathers resembling the flight feathers of modern birds. Studies have already involved Sinosauropteryx, the dromaeosaurid Microraptor gui and the Jurassic Anchiornis. They could also extend to more dinosaurs and other vertebrates such as mammals, pterosaurs, and lizards.
In the new study published in the National Science Review, the Chinese scientists also report that the number of ovary follicles discovered in Aves specimens tended to decrease over the course of evolution, with Jeholornis featuring 20 eggs and some fossils of enantiornithine birds, which became extinct, along with non-avian dinosaurs, at the end of the Cretaceous 66 million years ago, carrying only 5-6 follicles.
This decrease likely reflects "a broad trend toward more K-selected life history strategies," they posit in the paper. "This trend toward more K-selected lifestyles continues into Neornithes, in parallel to the Cretaceous radiation of enantiornithines," they explain.
Zhonghe Zhou says the new paper chronicles progress made following a previous report in Nature, while adding some new specimens. "It is also notable," he says, "that we are looking for more fossil evidence of follicles in birds and hopefully more information will be revealed in the future."
New Enantiornithine bird with scansorial adaptations discovered from the Lower Cretaceous of China
More information: Jingmai K. O'Connor, Xiaoting Zheng, Xiaoli Wang, Yan Wang, and Zhonghe Zhou. Ovarian follicles shed new light on dinosaur reproduction during the transition towards birds. Natl Sci Rev (March 2014) 1 (1): 15-17. nsr.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/1/15.extract
Provided by Science China Press
Citation: Scientists map reproductive system's evolution as dinosaurs gave rise to birds (2014, May 30) retrieved 17 January 2022 from https://phys.org/news/2014-05-scientists-reproductive-evolution-dinosaurs-gave.html
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The original item was published from 11/21/2018 2:22:00 PM to 12/8/2018 12:00:01 AM.
[ARCHIVED] UPDATE - Measure B Patch Paving
In accordance with the adopted Measure B Paving Plan, City Council earlier this month awarded a contract to Maggiora & Ghilotti to patch pave streets that are scheduled for pavement rehabilitation in later years in the Plan. Work started this week in the hills between Sir Frances Drake Boulevard and South Eliseo Drive. The work includes installing a thin lift of asphalt pavement in the worst areas to help the streets last until they are scheduled for complete repaving. The patch paving is scheduled throughout the City and should be completed before the end of the year depending on weather. The contractor will place 'no parking' signs 48 hours in advance where the work conflicts with parking areas.
Streets that are receiving patch paving at this time are still in line for full repaving within the next five years as part of the plan. The patch paving is an interim measure and not a replacement for the much needed full street repaving. The paving plan includes funding for both the interim patch paving and full paving. Please be assured the patch paving is not a replacement for full repaving, but rather an interim measure to mitigate poor pavement conditions until full repaving.
Measure B Paving Plan


In 2012 the Republic of II BY IV was founded; fueled by passion and dedicated to constant innovation II BY IV DESIGN's product studio has evolved quickly from the seed of an idea to a fully realized company equal in ability and talent to our interiors studio.
Through collaboration with industry leading companies like ICF Group/Nienkämper, Metro Wallcoverings and Elte the Republic of II BY IV has developed a portfolio of award winning product lines that include furniture, lighting, wallcoverings, carpets and accessories. This month we are extremely proud to announce the launch of two new architectural fixtures, the ZED and HED lights, developed in partnership with Delviro Energy, as well as, celebrate the success of our Tear Drop table, a finalist in Interior Design's Best of Year Awards. Finally we take a look at a few inspirational images from Paris and the recent Maison & Object fair where the emphasis was on materiality and objects with ambiance.
With a variety of noteworthy distinctions, II BY IV DESIGN finishes the year in impressive style.
On the heels of our latest international accolades, we opened a new studio in London and are expanding our service offering to new markets in the UK and Europe. Our marine work is prominently featured within the latest issue of Inside Marine, which celebrates our studio as the only Canadian firm to specialize in cruise ship design. And while at the Gold Key Awards in New York, where the Crystal Mozart was a finalist in the Best Suite design category, Dan & Keith took some time to explore The Salon Art & Design, an eclectic fair that displays works from art masters to young designers in creative combinations.
Our last newsletter for the year is filled with exciting news, aesthetic ingenuity and as always, inspiration.
At II BY IV DESIGN there is no signature look to our work, simply the right look. We create designs that leave a lasting impression; whether through facilitating an experience, provoking an emotional connection or through incorporating elements that are innovative and unique.
In this month's newsletter we take a closer look at the Crystal Bach and Mahler, where we create a guest experience that references majestic European scenery; we search out new and notable inspiration at the Salone del Mobile in Milan; and Dan and Keith spend a weekend with Sandra Ainsley and Philip Baldwin exploring the emotional connections associated with art.


We here at MDMW has been helping the growing Cider industry with stainless steel fermentation and bottling tanks for several years. Our in-house Engineering Department can help customize your tank design to meet your specific facility and process needs.
Get started with Marks Design & Metalworks here.


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2019 Testing Dates
2019/2020 AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAM
Sept thru Dec Weapons
Bullying Prevention Program
History of the ATA
Instructors & Leadership Students
Kruger's ATA Martial Arts After School Program
Specials & Pricing
Warrior XFit- FITNESS FOR WOMEN
Indianapolis,IN Tournament
A Brief History of the ATA
In 1968, Korean General Hong Hi Choi (the man responsible for originally standardizing Taekwondo in 1955) met with then Master Haeng Ung Lee (now Eternal Grand Master), who at the time was teaching Taekwondo-Japanese mixed martial arts to his organization of followers. General Choi quickly taught Eternal Grand Master Lee the first 16 Cheon-jee forms of Taekwondo in only 4 days and three nights (this system of forms was the first set of forms developed under the new Taekwondo of Korea).
From this first meeting almost half a century ago, the stage was set for the founding of The American Taekwondo Association (ATA) in 1969 in Omaha, Nebraska by Eternal Grand Master Lee.
Eternal Grand Master Lee began his martial arts training in 1954 as a teenager. He taught martial arts to Republic of Korea military intelligence personnel from 1956 to 1959, opening his first commercial school in Osan, Korea after leaving the military. Eternal Grand Master then opened several "branches" to his commercial school, including one at a U.S. Air Force base. This is where Master Richard Reed began training with Eternal Grand Master, and the two forged a friendship that would ultimately result in the ATA.
When Reed returned to the United States in 1962, Eternal Grand Master joined him on a "visitor" visa, and began teaching in Omaha. Although he had to return to Korea in December, 1963 while awaiting a "resident" status visa, he returned to the U.S. in 1965 and began working toward a national Taekwondo organization that would be based on good martial arts and sound business practices. As it grew from a regional organization to one of national -- and ultimately international -- scope, the ATA began to establish standards that would ensure consistent instruction.
From the beginning, Eternal Grand Master Lee was determined to establish the most professional martial arts organization possible. In 1973, he introduced the first instructor manual, which provided information and procedures to standardize the operation of all ATA schools. In 1976, he hosted the first Grand National tournament, which was the predecessor for the Songahm Taekwondo World Championships now held annually. A year later, he re-located the ATA headquarters from Omaha, Nebraska to Little Rock, Arkansas, where he soon had 200 black belts earning instructor certification each year.
The history of the ATA was set on a new and unique course in 1983 when, at a Certified Instructor Camp in Little Rock, Eternal Grand Master introduced the Songahm system of Taekwondo. The Songahm system represented the culmination of years of study by Eternal Grand Master Lee. The ATA had used the Chang Hun Taekwondo forms since 1969 -- and the "Pinan" forms prior to that -- but he had noticed something missing in the forms.
In 1984, the Songahm Taekwondo Federation (STF) was founded by Eternal Grand Master H.U. Lee and Master Cezar Ozuna to help spread Songahm Taekwondo outside of the United States. In the fall of 1990, the World Traditional Taekwondo Union (WTTU) was formed. While the ATA encompasses member schools in the United States and Canada, the STF includes member schools in South America and the WTTU covers the remaining portion of the world.
With the passing of Eternal Grand Master H.U. Lee in October 2000, our current leadership has taken up the torch of his inspirational guidance and leadership and ensured the values the ATA were founded upon remain our focus for today and into the future.
Grand Master Soon Ho Lee, after many trials and tests for the Grand Master title, was elevated to be our leader in Taekwondo and guides and focuses the Songahm Taekwondo style. Mrs. Sun C. Lee, wife of the late Eternal Grand Master H.U. Lee and the ATA's Chairman of the Board, continues the legacy of her husband by helping the youth of Songahm Taekwondo through her philanthropic efforts and devotion. Our leadership ensures that the ATA will continue to be one of the most innovative, effective, and widespread organizations in martial arts worldwide.
From its humble beginnings, today the ATA and its affiliated organizations is beginning to register over 300,000 members worldwide, including 53,000 black belts and 3,000 certified instructors.