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Robert II of Scotland
published on 08 January 2021
Seal of Robert II of Scotland
Robert II of Scotland ruled as king from 1371 to 1390 CE. Born Robert Stewart, he succeeded the heirless David II of Scotland (r. 1329-1371 CE) and so founded the royal house of Stewart. Dividing Scottish estates between his many offspring, Robert redrew the political map of his kingdom and effectively replaced half of the nobility with his family and allies, a process often called the 'Stewartisation' of Scotland. Although a more capable leader in his youth than medieval historians liked to portray him, Robert's reign did witness a decline in the wealth of the Crown and the creation of bitter rivalries amongst the great baronial families which would cause no end of problems for his successor, his son Robert III of Scotland (r. 1390-1406 CE).
Robert Stewart was born on 2 March 1316 CE in Paisley in exceptional circumstances. His mother was involved in a fatal riding accident, and Robert was born by Caesarian section. Robert's mother was Marjorie (b. c. 1295 CE), daughter of King Robert the Bruce (r. 1306-1329 CE) and Isabel of Mar. This made Robert the nephew of David II of Scotland, even if he was several years older. Robert's father was Walter Stewart, a powerful Scottish baron. The family name was a subtle alteration of 'Steward', a title Robert's family had held since the 12th century CE in their capacity as the hereditary Great Stewards of Scotland. Robert's father was the 6th High Steward of Scotland, by then a purely honorary title. On his father's death in 1327 CE, Robert became the next Steward and the owner of estates which gave him a rank equal with the most powerful families in the kingdom such as the Bruces and the Douglases.
Robert spent most of his childhood on the west coast of Scotland. Aged just 17, he fought at the Battle of Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333 CE. The battle saw Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE) heavily defeat a Scottish army. Robert, along with other nobles, fled to the safety of Dumbarton, but he then launched a sustained campaign to retrieve some of his family's lost castles and estates.
Arms of the House of Stewart
Sodacan (CC BY-SA)
One medieval chronicler gives the following description of Robert: "a young man of attractive appearance above the sons of men, broad and tall in physique, kind to everyone, and modest, generous, cheerful and honest" (Oram, 143). Robert married his mistress Elizabeth Mure in 1336 CE (and again after the 1347 CE papal dispensation which finally declared their union valid). Around 1337 CE (or in 1340 CE) Robert had his first son, John. Elizabeth died sometime before 1355 CE, and Robert married again in May of the same year, this time to Euphemia, Countess of Moray. Robert would go on to have another 21 children, both legitimate and illegitimate. John, though, was made the official heir apparent in 1371 CE.
David II spent 11 years in the Tower of London, & in his absence, Robert Stewart rose to effectively rule Scotland as regent.
Regency for David II
David II had succeeded his father Robert the Bruce, but as he was a minor, his kingdom was ruled by a guardian. Robert Stewart became that guardian in 1338 CE. The young king also faced a rival claimant, Edward Balliol (c. 1283-1364 CE), son of King John Balliol (r. 1292-1296 CE). Edward had the support of Edward III of England and so was able to briefly grab the Scottish throne twice (1332 and 1333-1336 CE). David II was consequently forced into exile in France, but he returned in 1341 CE. Upon his return, David had to contend with Robert Stewart who had established himself as one of the foremost nobles in the kingdom. Robert had made good use of the chaotic musical thrones between Balliol and David, greatly expanding his own estates and establishing a useful network of allies across Scotland. Robert had also managed to reclaim Edinburgh Castle from its English garrison and put Stirling Castle under a heavy siege.
In 1346 CE, King David unwisely attacked northern England and he was infamously captured at the Battle of Neville's Cross. English archers had brought victory, and the Scots had suffered significant desertions, notably Robert Stewart who withdrew as soon as the battle had tipped in favour of the enemy. The Scottish king spent the next 11 years in the Tower of London, and in his absence, Robert rose to effectively rule Scotland as regent and become the king's heir apparent.
Robert II of Scotland & Queen Euphemia
The Balliols still had powerful and numerous supporters, but so, too, did David II, even while he was languishing in prison. Many Scots remained loyal to their king and had no desire to see a puppet of Edward III on their throne. Edward Balliol had even promised the English king he would be his vassal and hand over vast swathes of southern Scotland. David II also had important support from abroad, most notably the King of France, Philip VI of France (r. 1328-1350 CE). However, Robert Stewart, now calling himself the King's Lieutenant, seemed in no particular hurry to gather the enormous ransom Edward III demanded for David's release.
Over the years of the king's confinement, Stewart and several Scottish parliaments had steadfastly refused to acknowledge King David's request to nominate the English royal family as the heirs of Scotland if he himself had no heir and so escape paying such an onerous ransom. Robert Stewart's regency was characterised by much infighting between Scottish nobles and terrible neglect for the state's finances. Neither was the lot of the Scottish people in any way helped by the arrival of the Black Death plague which eventually killed 25-30% of the population.
David II's Return
David II was finally released in October 1357 CE as part of the Treaty of Berwick, where the Scots agreed to pay a ransom and respect a 10-year truce with England. Robert Stewart remained a dangerous rival, though, and despite being made the earl of Strathearn by his king, he made an unsuccessful attempt at a coup. Indeed, it was not until 1363 CE that he finally gave formal submission to his king. Despite the friction between the two, Robert remained David's heir presumptive for want of a better candidate. The remainder of David's reign saw some prosperity return to Scotland, but the king failed in the one area that all medieval kings could not afford to neglect if peace were to be sustained: to produce an heir.
Philip VI of France with David II of Scotland and Queen Joan
Jean Froissart (Public Domain)
Succession & Stewartisation
When David II died on 22 February 1371 CE he left no heir and so Robert Stewart was made king as Robert II of Scotland. Robert was then 55, and he had secured his right to the throne by buying off his chief rival Earl William Douglas. Thus was founded the royal house of Stewart (later to become Stuart) which would rule Scotland until 1603 CE and after that both England and Scotland together. Robert's coronation was held at Scone Abbey on 26 March 1371 CE. The new king quickly gave lands, annuities, and pensions to loyal followers, gave titles and estates to his many male offspring (legitimate or otherwise), and married off his daughters to link the royal family to other powerful dynasties. Some historians have called this strategy the 'Stewartisation' of the nobility, and its consequences were that the Stewarts controlled half of Scotland's earldoms. Many of these royal nobles proved to be uncontrollable, most notably Alexander Stewart, the 'Wolf of Badenoch', who ruthlessly exploited his estates and wilfully ignored the laws of the land. To further legitimise his right to rule, Robert also set about fabricating a history of a unified Scotland with his grandfather Robert the Bruce as its greatest hero, even commissioning the celebrated poem The Bruce by John Barbour.
Robert seemed unenthusiastic about politics, leaving most matters of government to his eldest son John, Earl of Carrick.
Although the first part of Robert's reign saw much continuity in both officials and policies, the state's finances began to seriously decline from the mid-1370s CE. The wool trade, which provided lucrative customs duties for the Crown, had boomed in the previous two decades, but by 1390 CE, it had halved. Direct taxation had ended in 1373 CE, and sheriffs - responsible for tax collection - avoided the exchequer as parts of Scotland became increasingly lawless while Stewart barons only looked after their own interests.
In terms of foreign policy, Robert first set about reclaiming parts of southern Scotland his predecessors had lost to England. The king, perhaps pressurised by Scotland's old ally France, then launched several attacks on northern England and won a celebrated victory in August 1388 CE at the battle of Otterburn. The victory was made all the sweeter because the English army had been led by the celebrated medieval knight Sir Henry 'Hotspur' Percy (1364-1403 CE). Robert did not lead his armies in person, and as neither the Scottish nor French leaders could agree on a strategy to face England, an uneasy truce was re-established between Scotland and England.
Rothesay Castle, Scotland
Supergolden (CC BY-SA)
Towards the end of his reign, Robert seemed unenthusiastic about politics, leaving most matters of government to his eldest son John, Earl of Carrick while he retired to a favourite residence like Rothesay Castle on the Isle of Bute. John, with the backing of Earl James Douglas (son of William Douglas and the new leader of that clan), had even launched a coup against his father in 1384 CE but eventually settled down to rule Scotland in practice if not in title.
Death & Successor
Robert died on 19 April 1390 CE at Dundonald Castle in Ayrshire, and he was buried at Scone Abbey. Robert was succeeded by his eldest son who became Robert III of Scotland. The name John was considered inappropriate as the Bruces' great rivals the Balliol's had had a king of that name, and it was also thought an unlucky one for a Scottish monarch. Any attempts to gain fortune's favour was already a bit late as John/Robert had been kicked by a horse in 1388 CE and so spent the rest of his days as an invalid. Robert III was thus obliged to largely leave the government in the hands of others, notably his brother Robert, Earl of Fife (aka Duke of Albany, l. 1339-1420 CE).
Robert III's kingdom was torn by the bitter rivalries which had been created by Robert II's land and title redistribution policies and his large number of offspring. The inherent instability in the kingdom was seen most infamously at the clan battle at Perth in 1396 CE where a number of Mackays and Mackintoshes fought each other to the death. More seriously for Scotland, England once more went on the offensive against its northern neighbour, but, still, the Stewarts continued to hold on to power, and the house Robert II had founded would rule Scotland until 1714 CE.
Campbell, Gordon. Kings & Queens. David & Charles, 1970.
Cannon, John & Hargreaves, Anne. The Kings and Queens of Britain. Oxford University Press, 2009.
Crouch, David. Medieval Britain, c.1000-1500. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Jones, Dan. The Plantagenets. William Collins, 2013.
Lynch, Michael. The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford University Press, 2011.
MacQuarrie, Alan. Medieval Scotland. Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2004.
Oram, Richard. Kings and Queens of Scotland. Tempus, 2002.
Phillips, Charles. The Complete Illustrated Guide to the Kings & Queens of Britain. Lorenz Books, 2006.
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Cartwright, M. (2021, January 08). Robert II of Scotland. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Robert_II_of_Scotland/
Cartwright, Mark. "Robert II of Scotland." World History Encyclopedia. Last modified January 08, 2021. https://www.worldhistory.org/Robert_II_of_Scotland/.
Cartwright, Mark. "Robert II of Scotland." World History Encyclopedia. World History Encyclopedia, 08 Jan 2021. Web. 28 Jan 2022.
Written by Mark Cartwright, published on 08 January 2021 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.
Robert Stewart, future Robert II of Scotland, is born.
Robert Stewart, future Robert II of Scotland, inherits from his father the title of High Steward of Scotland.
Reign of David II of Scotland.
Edward III of England wins a victory against the Scots loyal to David II of Scotland at the Battle of Halidon Hill.
David II of Scotland flees to France after Edward Balliol declares himself king for a second time.
Edward Balliol is removed from the Scottish throne by Robert Stewart and barons loyal to David II of Scotland.
Robert Stewart, future Robert II of Scotland, marries his mistress Elizabeth Mure.
David II of Scotland returns to Scotland from exile in France.
Robert Stewart, the King's Lieutenant, rules Scotland on behalf of David II of Scotland.
An English army defeats the Scots at the Battle of Neville's Cross near Durham and captures David II of Scotland.
Robert Stewart, future Robert II of Scotland, marries his second wife, Euphemia, Countess of Moray.
Oct 1357 - Nov 1357
The Treaty of Berwick between England and Scotland releases David II of Scotland from his captivity under Edward III of England.
Robert Stewart launches an unsuccessful coup against David II of Scotland.
Reign of Robert II of Scotland.
David II of Scotland dies in Edinburgh Castle.
Robert II of Scotland is crowned at Scone Abbey.
Robert II of Scotland ends direct taxation.
Robert II of Scotland dies at Dundonald Castle.
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I am working on a 1970 project vette. I have never done a project car from start to finish and was suppose to have a buddy helping me but he really doesn't have the time. I am at the point where I need some help and I am not sure what should be next. I have pulled the engine and stripped it down to the pistons. I miked the cylinders and they are right at 30 over. Do I need to find a machine shop? Or what would be the next step? Any advise would be great.
How do the bores look? If they're evenly worn and don't have any scrapes on the bores that you can catch a fingernail on I wouldn't worry about it. If you have the pistons out I'd install some new rings and main bearings while you're into it.
Tell us about your Corvette: 1972 numbers matching starting to restore.
I agree....if the walls look good I would just do new rings and bearings. Then on to the heads. Post pix as you go. Helps on this end to see where your at. You can do it! One step at a time. These are simple motors.
Did the motor have ANY issues before the tear down? Run hot? Blown head gasket?
I'm not sure I agree, but that is based on 1) how much do you know about this engine, 2) is it a high compression engine (11 : 1 compression or better) 3) were there any problems before the tear down, 4) how many total miles are on the engine block, and 5) how far is it torn down. Simply looking at the top of the cylinder does not take into consideration any cylinder wall taper that may have occurred.
If it is already bored .030", it has already been rebuilt once and had problems, or it would have been bored .030".
When the piston goes up and down, the connecting rod is moving up and down at the top of the stroke but it is moving in a circular direction at the bottom of the stroke due to the rotation of the crankshaft. This force is transferred to the piston at the wrist pin and places more side to side wear on the cylinder walls at the bottom of the stroke than at the top of the stroke and, over time, causes the cylinder wall to wear round at the top and to wear more oval shaped at the bottom. This is the taper I was talking about. The harder the engine is loaded, the more prominent this wear pattern is. If your block has enough taper, the engine will work after you rebuild it, but the new rings will never seat.
Mine was the 350/370 hp LT-1 with 11.5:1 compression. My '68 engine block didn't have much of a lip on the top of the cylinders when I pull it down, but it needed bored because it had too much cylinder wall taper.
I drove it fairly mild in town, but I really pounded it driving autocrosses and other interclub competition events. Over time, as gas got crappier, I had to run it on pumped gas (93 octane). I didn't push it anymore due to the bad gas, but I still had detonation (spark knock) problems. When I tore the engine down to rebuild it for my current restoration, I pulled the pistons and found all eight cylinders had broken compression rings from the detonation.
If it is out of the car and the pistons, heads and crank are all removed, I would take it to a machine shop, have them mike the cylinder walls for taper, check the crankshaft and if necessary turn or polish the crank, tank clean the engine, especially the cooling system and most of all, do a magnaflux on the block to see if it has any cracks.
1970 small blocks range anywhere from 300 hp to 370 hp, depending on the cam and the compression ratio. If it had a high compression set of pistons and had unleaded low octane (less than 98 octane, it probably had a lot of detonation going on.
Remember, unlike yours and mine, today's Corvette engines have 10.5 : 1 to 11 : 1 compression and can run pumped gas, but only because they have 1) spark knock detectors in the block that retard the timing if detonation is detected, 2) they have aluminum blocks and heads to run cooler, 3) they are fuel injected, 4) they have reverse cooling flow where the colder water goes to the heads first, not like the older engines where the colder water enter the block first and exits through the heads and last, 5) the engine is monitored and it's critical parameters are controlled by a computer.
Were ANY of the compression rings cracked or broken when you pulled the pistons. If they were, it was most likely due to detonation, which means the crank could have been beaten up a bit.
Re-building the engine with an existing flaw that you can discover right now is a major bummer and double expense. Remember, there is never enough time and money to do it right, but there is always enough time and money to do it over. Checking it out will not cost that much. Building an engine that has problems from the start will wind up costing you a fortune in comparison.
If you are replacing the cam, replace the cam bearings while it is out.
Last edited by rbryce1 on Nov 9th, 2014 9:02 pm, edited 8 times in total.
I must admit that I am with rbryce1 on this one. If you're not in a rush (and you shouldn't be with a project like this), take the time to have all the mechanicals checked at a reputable machine shop. Can't hurt, and they can give you a better insight into the health of the individual components, and ergo, the overall health of the engine pre-dismantling.
The other thing I must say now is that I have not rebuilt an engine before, although it is definitely on my bucket list of things to do.
I bought the DVD and have viewed it many times, and would view it more often, just because, personally, I find it very interesting, and they provide some very good advice on tearing down and rebuilding an engine. Definitely worth the asking price.
I should have been more clear with my response - in the end what you decide to do does depend on what you want to get out of your engine and how it ran before you tore it down. If you're just looking for something to run and drive decent you can probably get away with less cost & effort. If you're going to be building a performance issue your best bet is to take it to a machine shop to have it dipped, bored, mangafluxed, etc.
For what it's worth I built a performance engine and had a shop go through mine completely.


Cowboy Finger Puppets is rated 4.5 out of 5 by 6.
Rated 5 out of 5 by kidminkr from Loved these! We purchased these as prizes for a Western Cookout themed event- the kids AND the adults loved them. Very sturdy and super fun to play with.
Rated 3 out of 5 by SUZY2Q from Nice cardboard sturdy. Problem is men are shown with guns to take out of holsters on one side and a cute face cowboy on the other. I wish they would have printed cowboys without the angry looks. Just doing a western theme.
Rated 5 out of 5 by PattyCakesFluff from Kids Loved These The cowboy finger puppets were much nicer than I anticipated. I was not aware there were cowboys on both sides of the finger puppets. My grandson thought they were "neat". We had fun with them.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Beewhitt from So cute and heavy duty! Cant believe how nice these are for the price! And have several varieties, not all alike.
Rated 4 out of 5 by Gigix2 from Sturdy material I was pleasantly surprised by the quality of the puppets. These are strong cardboard material and are perfect for little hands to play.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Patb2446 from Very cute, we used them to hold napkins and plasticware We rolled up a napkin and ran it through the holes so it looked like legs and placed the plasticware through the napkin in the back to hold in place. They were quite a hit and made a very cute table decoration.


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← July 18 in History—-Great Fire of Rome under Nero, A.D. 64, End of Papal Authority in England under King Henry VIII in 1536, Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf published in 1925 Edward Kennedy Drive's off Chappaquiddick Bridge in 1969 while Apollo 11 Heading Towards the Moon—thoughts Tom Lehrer's "The Year that Was" = 1965, also the first year without silver coinage in U.S. History, the year of (truly deadly) Immigration and Nationality Act if 1965, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the time-setting for Wes Anderson's movie "Moonrise Kingdom"—with memories of an America that is truly Gone with the Wind….and July 18-23 there was massive flooding in Missouri….
Happy Birthday to Patricia K. Anderson →
This Constructive Anarchist Deserves a Prize, Not Jail—but here in the Socialist Republic of Los Angeles…..if gigantic Public Parks are not suitable places for homeless people to live—then I really question the "compassion" of the Socialist State….
Camouflaged Residence Discovered in California Park
By Alon Harish | ABC News – 15 hrs ago
Camouflaged home found in California park
An elaborate and illegal camouflaged residence, outfitted with bunk beds and a barbecue patio, has been discovered near a Los Angeles County animal refuge.
Eight months ago, Robert Downs, 51, set up a small structure in the woods near the Tujunga Ponds Wildlife Sanctuary in Sunland, Calif. To hide his home from police, Downs, who was previously homeless, sprayed it with camouflage paint and cut down nearby trees, said Johnie Jones, a deputy in the Parks Bureau of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department.
The structure, which Downs built with materials he bought at Home Depot, contained four bunk beds built into the walls, tables, shelves and fire extinguishers. Outside were a rock patio, a barbecue grill and more tables. An American flag was draped over Downs' bed.
Downs stood a chance of evading major legal trouble for his hidden house, but sheriff's deputies also discovered that he cultivated eight marijuana plants outside the structure, a felony because he did not have a permit to do so, Jones said.
When Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department deputies found Downs's residence while on patrol Monday, he told them he had been living in the 13.5-acre wildlife sanctuary for more than a year, Jones said.
"He seems like he had some skills," Jones said. "I've seen homeless sweeps before where people have brought tents or mattresses, but nothing this elaborate."
Downs was arrested on charges of marijuana cultivation and building a house on county property, Jones said. He is being held on a $30,000 bond, Jones said.
Downs was found with two others who were cited with infractions and then released, Jones said.
The Los Angeles County Department of Public Works will remove the structure from the park over the next two weeks.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged acre wildlife sanctuary, camouflage paint, Camouflaged Home, Constructive Anarchist, department deputies, Is Socialism Compassionate?, Los Angeles Area Wildlife Sanctuary, Los Angeles County Sheriff, marijuana plants, Socialism in America. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A journey with out a destination!
As time goes on I have developed and changed, have seen and experienced a lot. I am now content and can accept what has happened to me? Can I be proud of the results of my daily routine and determination?
For 2 ½ years I am a migrant in Australia with the constant willingness to have my baggage ready for one more time to travel to my roots. A never ending journey!
In October - November 2008, I with a large red 35 kg suitcase, 3 backpacks and 2 small children (4 and 5 years) went for a vacation in Europe with the thoughts to resettle in Europe.
Once back in Australia I am surprised with my personal discoveries.
Is this the country where I can breathe freely?
Is this the place where I can fly free with the wind?
Is this the dream of my dreams to be a poet and free to create my art?
For the first time in my life I have realised that I have no home where I belong. My new goals are to integrate, to fit in the new environment, and to feel happy with my new Australian way of life.
Yes I have succeeded! I have successfully completed 3 tests and I feel as equal as any other Australian. I am loyal to my culture, feelings, interests and sensors.
I have overcome a difficult process without pushing and putting myself under pressure which has made me stronger than I was.
Today I am proud with what I can overcome and who I am!


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Asadabad-e Pain (, also Romanized as Asadābād-e Pā'īn; also known as Asadābād-e Soflá, Asadābād-e Soflā, and Asadābād-i-Khān) is a village in Mehrabad Rural District, Bahman District, Abarkuh County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 218, in 71 families.

References

Populated places in Abarkuh County

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


DECEMBER MEETING - WRITE FOR RIGHTS SOCIAL!
You are invited to our December meeting next Wednesday, 14th December, where we will be writing solidarity cards as part of this year's Write for Rights campaign whilst nibbling on some Christmas goodies.
It will be upstairs at MadLab on Edge Street in the Northern Quarter, drop in from 7.30pm. Some of us will meet up beforehand in Terrace NQ next door for a bite to eat. You are welcome to join us.
Come along and meet the group!


For the past 4 years as an iPhone user, I've been using a number of apps to help avoid any culinary mistakes. I thought I'd share a few of these. Take a look and if you have any others to recommend, please do so!
Cities in Food Photos With each trip, you'll find a photo essay covering some of the culinary delights each city has to offer.
Want to educate us on a type of food, a restaurant or a cuisine we've missed the boat on? Let us know!
After years of being based in the U.S., Buenos Aires, Santiago and Croatia, it's a new city that serves as a home base, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Via the dedicated Barcelona Restaurants section of the site, you'll find all the Catalan and Spanish food photos and future reviews all in one place.
See more posts about Food in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Here's a way to schedule some international food experiences. On a given countries national holiday, use it as an excuse to try a native recipe or head out to a restaurant featuring food from that nation. Below you will find a calendar of different nations and their holidays.
Site Issues: Why Are You Republishing Old Stuff?


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Virtual Reality to Provide Vaccine Facts to Combat Hesitancy
A team of researchers at Carleton University received a NSERC Encouraging Vaccine Confidence in Canada grant to create a virtual reality (VR) simulation to provide accurate information about vaccinations to combat hesitancy among families with young children.
Vicky McArthur, Sarah Everts, Josh Greenberg and Robert Teather were awarded $50,000 for "Leveraging Immersive Technologies to Improve Vaccine Confidence Among Parents and Caregivers in Canada." The project is a collaboration between the School of Journalism and Communication (SJC) and the School of Information Technology (SIT).
"The fact-based, immersive VR experience will deliver information on vaccine safety and efficacy to parents and children in order to encourage vaccine confidence and uptake," says McArthur, the project's principle investigator, a professor in SJC and director of the Bachelor of Media Production and Design program.
This is the second NSERC award for McArthur. In 2019, she received the first NSERC Engage Grant in the Faculty of Public Affairs. The project leverages data analytics from IBM Watson technology to explore applications of mass-customization for wearable technologies, like fitness trackers. In 2020, she received a SSHRC Insight Development Grant to develop augmented reality (AR) applications to support Japanese language learning. McArthur's research focuses on socially inclusive design in digital media and immersive storytelling in AR and VR.
Everts is the CTV Chair in Digital Science Journalism and an associate professor in SJC. She is an award-winning science journalist, with 20 years of experience in science communication. Prior to becoming a journalist, Everts used her expertise in biochemistry as a science writer for the Protein Engineering Network of Centres of Excellence and the University of British Columbia's Faculty of Medicine.
Teather, an associate professor in the School of Information Technology (SIT), researches 3D user interfaces, VR and computer game user interfaces. He has extensive experience in the design and implementation of 3D interactive systems, including VR/AR systems. His research is supported by NSERC and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation. A recent NSERC-supported project on user attention guidance in VR films is particularly relevant to this application. He will guide HQP in the design and development of the proposed software.
Greenberg is the director of SJC. His expertise is in health risk communication, with a focus on communication strategies to combat vaccine hesitancy, risk communication during outbreaks of infectious disease and the risk communication strategies and media activities of public health officials and organizations. His research has been funded by SSHRC and CIHR, and he is regularly called upon to provide strategic advice about risk communication to public health organizations in Canada and around the world.
While the initial stages will specifically target COVID-19 vaccines currently approved for use in Canada, the project will extend to include other vaccinations, including seasonal and childhood vaccination.
"Immersive visualizations can enhance knowledge retention," says McArthur. "So the project is especially suited to families with young children."
To ensure access to the VR application is inclusive and can reach a wider socio-economic cross-section of parents and caregivers, the VR application will be distributed freely via digital platforms and the team will ensure that the hardware requirements for the simulations are minimal.
Thursday, August 12, 2021 in Communication and Media Studies, Journalism, Media Production and Design, News, School of Journalism and Communication
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Andrew Luck retires from NFL
Do Americans put too much pressure on sports?
Andrew Luck (number 12) during a game against the Redskins. Photo courtesy of Flickr via Creative Commons
Caitlin Stinson, Author
On August 25, Indianapolis Colts quarterback Andrew Luck retired from football during the preseason. Luck's contract was going to expire in two years, but the football star decided to cut his career short due to injuries. This decision is understandable; football is an extremely physical sport that can leave players with traumatic head injuries that impact players for the rest of their life. When Andrew Luck left the field after his last preseason game, some fans in the crowd booed him. According to CNN.com, some fans were seen taking off their Andrew Luck jerseys. Many fans were angry at Luck for leaving when he was at "the top of his game", and felt like Luck was betraying the team. This situation brings attention to an issue that has been plaguing America for years: do Americans put too much pressure on sports?
Andrew Luck's career was defined by his seemingly constant injuries, including a persistent ankle issue, a lacerated kidney, torn cartilage in his ribs, and many other serious injuries that resulted from years of playing professional football. Luck told The New York Times, "I haven't been able to live the life I want to live, It's taken the joy out of this game. The only way forward for me is to remove myself from football and this cycle I've been in." Despite his extensive injury record, Luck played on the Colts as the star quarterback since 2012, carrying the team to what was known as the greatest comeback in NFL history during the 2013-2014 playoffs.
After many successful seasons and countless injuries, it would seem only natural that Indianapolis fans would have been understanding of Luck's retirement. But instead of receiving cheers and encouragement, the quarterback was booed as he left the field for the last time. Frustrated fans took to Twitter, where they were either angry that he sabotaged the 2019-2020 season or that their Fantasy Drafts were ruined. Under a tweet listing Luck's career injuries, on fan commented, "Stop, he plays football. He completely screwed the franchise. He should be criticized not excuses made for him." The Twitter hate did not stay within the Colts fan base, even O.J. Simpson decided to make a comment on Luck's retirement, tweeting, "Andrew Luck you couldn't have shared that news before I drafted you an hour ago?" Despite the intense mental and physical toll that football has caused, fans are angered that he is not playing another season. America places a lot of emphasis on sports (the Superbowl is one of the biggest moments in television of the year), and many people forget that the players that are apart of their favorite teams are actual humans.
The pressure on sports is not limited to just professional players: high school players and even children as young as fifth grade are feeling constant pressure to perform well. Grizzlies is a football organization located near the Battlefield community and has been a supportive environment for younger boys to play both flag and tackle football. But, with youth sports, many of the parents take the games very seriously.
Senior Mckenzie Skiff has a 7 year old brother that plays on a Grizzlies football team. Skiff says, "Some of the parents at these [Grizzlies] games think that their child is going to the NFL. They get so uptight about how their kid performs each game, and sometimes will even scream at them during the game." Many other sports have similar parents; most athletic facilities that hold youth teams will have posted rules for conduct for parents.
Ultimately, sports play a large role in American life, and many players face immense pressure to perform well for the sake of the team. Andrew Luck's retirement is understandable, yet many fans still value a good season over the mental and physical health of players.
Caitlin Stinson, Design Editor
Caitlin Stinson is a senior and a third year journalism student. She is also a design editor for the Inside 15000 magazine. In her free time, Caitlin runs...
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Track team brings home regional victory
Notes on the NFL Draft
The reign of Tom Brady
All The BHS Beat Picks Reader Picks Sort: Newest


Endometriosis is a common disorder amongst women of reproductive age. Endometriosis, the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, is a disease associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriosis afflicts about 10% of women worldwide. In women with pain, infertility or both, the frequency of endometriosis increases to 35-60%. It is one of the most frequent benign gynecological diseases.
Endometriosis continues to remain a significantly underdiagnosed and under-treated disease. Despite recent progress in the understanding of this disease, the mainstay of diagnosis is still the direct visualization of the lesions by invasive procedure such as a laparoscopy.
One of the major challenges facing gynecologists is the inability to diagnose endometriosis without the need for laparoscopy or laparotomy.


Kris Humphries gets real about his very short marriage to Kim Kardashian.
IF ALEX RODRIGUEZ HANDSELECTING JENNIFER LOPEZ'S ENGAGEMENT RING ISN'T LOVE, THEN WHAT IS?
A-Rod hits a home run with Jennifer Lopez!


text:
<?php

namespace AdminBundle\Form;

use AppBundle\Form\AdressType;
use AppBundle\Form\ImageType;
use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;
use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\ChoiceType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\CollectionType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\MoneyType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\SubmitType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TextareaType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TextType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;
use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolver;

class OfferAdminType extends AbstractType
{

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
    {
        $builder
            ->add('category', null, ['label' => 'Catégorie'])
            ->add('title', TextType::class, ['label' => 'Titre de l\'annonce'])
            ->add('musician', null,['expanded'=>true, 'label'=>'Je recherche', 'query_builder' => function(EntityRepository $er){
                return $er->createQueryBuilder('musicianCategory')->orderBy('musicianCategory.label', 'ASC');
            }] )
            ->add('style', null, ['expanded'=>true, 'query_builder' => function(EntityRepository $er){
                return $er->createQueryBuilder('musicCategory')->orderBy('musicCategory.label', 'ASC');
            }])
            ->add("instrument", null,['expanded'=>true, 'query_builder' => function(EntityRepository $er){
                return $er->createQueryBuilder('instrument')->orderBy('instrument.instrument', 'ASC');
            }] )
            ->add('price', MoneyType::class, ['label' => 'Prix', 'required'=>false, 'attr'=>['value' => 0]])
            ->add('delivery', ChoiceType::class,['choices'=>[
                'Indifférent' => '0',
                'Possible envoi (colis,..)' => 'Possible envoie (colis,...)',
                'Main propre uniquement' => 'Main propre uniquement'],'label' => 'Livraison'])
            ->add('adress', AdressType::class, ['label'=> 'Adresse'])
            ->add('description', TextareaType::class, ['label' => 'Description','attr' =>['rows' => 10]])
            ->add('image', CollectionType::class, [
                    'required' => false,
                    'entry_type' => ImageType::class,
                    'by_reference'=> false,
                    'label' => 'Photos (une annonce sera plus visible avec photos !',
                    'label_attr' => ['class' => 'form_photos']])
            ->add('submit', SubmitType::class, ['label' => 'Envoyer']);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function configureOptions(OptionsResolver $resolver)
    {
        $resolver->setDefaults(array(
            'data_class' => 'AppBundle\Entity\Offer'
        ));
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getBlockPrefix()
    {
        return 'appbundle_offer';
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
'SHOULD HAVE FIRED SOONER'
Trump slams 'overrated' Mattis after ex-defense sec says Biden should scrap 'America First' policy
Nicole Darrah, News Reporter
DONALD Trump has once again slammed James Mattis after his ex-Defense secretary urged Joe Biden to get rid of Trump's "America First" foreign policy.
The president tweeted on Tuesday that Mattis' remarks say "it all about" him.
President Donald Trump and former Defense Secretary James Mattis are pictured here together at the White House in 2018Credit: AFP
"Obama fired him. I should have fired him sooner. Did best work after he was gone. World's most overrated general!" Trump wrote.
Mattis resigned from the Defense Department in December 2018 after clashing with Trump's policy in Syria.
He had declined to speak out against Trump, saying that he owed the nation public silence while his former boss was in the White House.
But in a Foreign Affairs magazine op-ed published on Monday, Mattis wrote that he hopes when Biden takes office in January that he and his team "will quickly revise the national security strategy to eliminate 'America first' from its contents, restoring in its place the commitment to cooperative security that has served the United States so well for decades."
Mattis wrote in an op-ed this week that Trump's 'America First' foreign policy actually means 'America alone'Credit: Reuters
"The best strategy for ensuring safety and prosperity is to buttress American military strength with enhanced civilian tools and a restored network of solid alliances – both necessary to achieving defense in depth," he continued.
"In practice, 'America first' has meant 'America alone,'" Mattis and his co-authors – Kori Schake, Jim Ellis, and Joe Felter – wrote in the op-ed, entitled Defense in Depth.
"That has damaged the country's ability to address problems before they reach U.S. territory and has thus compounded the danger emergent threats pose."
Mattis wrote that today, the US is "undermining the foundations of an international order manifestly advantageous to U.S. interests, reflecting a basic ignorance of the extent to which both robust alliances and international institutions provide vital strategic depth."
Mattis resigned from his role leading the Pentagon in 2018Credit: AFP or licensors
He said the "America first" policy "has damaged the country's ability to address problems before they reach U.S. territory and has thus compounded the danger emergent threats pose."
In June, Mattis said Trump divides the American people.
"Donald Trump is the first president in my lifetime who does not try to unite the American people —does not even pretend to try. Instead he tries to divide us.
"We are witnessing the consequences of three years of this deliberate effort. We are witnessing the consequences of three years without mature leadership."
Trump has often called Mattis the 'world's most overrated general'Credit: AFP or licensors
Mattis called on Americans at the time to unite without Trump.
"This will not be easy, as the past few days have shown, but we owe it to our fellow citizens; to past generations that bled to defend our promise; and to our children," he said.
Trump tweeted of Mattis in June that he was "the world's most overrated General."
The president continued: "I didn't like his 'leadership' style or much else about him, and many others agree. Glad he is gone!"
Mattis initially didn't want to speak out against Trump while Trump was presidentCredit: AFP or licensors
In the op-ed this week, Mattis wrote that "to dismiss U.S. involvement in Afghanistan, Iraq and elsewhere as 'endless' or 'forever' wars – as both President Donald Trump and President-elect Joe Biden do – rather than as support to friendly governments struggling to exert control over their own territory misses the point."
BASE TRAGEDY
2nd soldier dies on base in weeks after private's death following 'sex attack'
Germany to hold Covid rule breakers in REFUGEE CAMPS in bid to stop mutant virus
FEARS FOR JESS
Missing woman is found fighting for life 3 days after abandoned car is found
KILLER DIGS
Phil Spector's Cali mansion where he killed Lana Clarkson seen in rare pics
Armed Trump supporters gather at capitols ahead of Biden's inauguration
SPECTOR DEAD
Murderer Phil Spector who worked with The Beatles dies of Covid in prison
Earlier this month, the Trump administration announced the Pentagon would pull thousands of troops from Afghanistan and Iraq.
Mattis said that troops stationed in the Middle East, Asia, and Europe are part of an "early warning system" to raise alarms that gives the US time to react.
"It is in the United States' interests to build the capacity of such governments to deal with the threats that concern Americans; that work isn't quick or linear, but it is an investment in both greater security and stronger relationships and preferable to the United States' indefinitely having to take care of threats on its own," he wrote.
Trump fires Defense Secretary Mark Esper as final administration purge begins and Christopher Miller takes over


For the winter of 2016, I went back to organic sculpting. The times when I can practice my 3D modeling are becoming few and far between, so when the chance to put my skills to use presented itself in my PhD research, I jumped on it.
Since we're still trying to publish some papers using this model, I'll only posts some unfinished images.


text:
Canada, Great Britain top US favorability ratings; Iran, Russia near bottom: Gallup
Americans rate Canada and Great Britain the most favorably and Iran and Russia among the least favorably in a survey of 19 countries, Gallup reports.
The annual World Affairs poll, conducted before Russia's invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, found that Americans ranked North Korea, Afghanistan, Iran, Russia and Iraq all under 20 percent favorable ratings.
Canada, Great Britain, France and Japan were all rated favorably by more than 80 percent of Americans surveyed, the top four of the 19 countries in the poll.
Six more countries were rated favorably by the majority of respondents when they were surveyed from Feb. 1 to Feb. 17: Germany, India, Israel, Egypt, Mexico and Ukraine.
China, Iraq, Russia, Iran, Afghanistan and North Korea received favorability ratings of 20 percent or less.
A minority, but higher than 20 percent, found Cuba, Saudi Arabia and the favorable Palestinian Authority.
Gallup has tracked the favorable ratings of 18 out of 19 countries for decades, adding Ukraine in 2022 as Russia began building up troops at its border.
Multiple countries were rated less favorably by respondents compared to data from last year, including Afghanistan, Russia, Cuba, Iraq, Germany, Canada, Great Britain and China.
Afghanistan fell from 21 percent to a record low of 12 percent, while Russia fell from 22 percent to 15 percent.
China retained its record low rating of 20 percent after dropping significantly in the aftermath of the oset of COVID-19.
India also retained its rating from last year, which was a record high of 77 percent.
Ratings of Cuba, Iraq, Canada and Great Britain dropped by 5 percent points, while ratings of Germany dropped by 6 percent points.
However, the ratings of US allies Canada, Great Britain and Germany remain high, at 87 percent, 86 percent and 78 percent, respectively.
No country rating increased from 2021 to 2022.
Palmer Luckey Says Working With Weapons Isn't as Fun as VR
Cyberattack takes down Israeli government websites


text:
package org.apache.accumulo.core.util.format;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TreeMap;

import org.apache.accumulo.core.data.Key;
import org.apache.accumulo.core.data.Value;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

public class StatisticsDisplayFormatterTest {
  StatisticsDisplayFormatter formatter;

  Map<Key,Value> data;

  @BeforeEach
  public void setUp() {
    data = new TreeMap<>();
    formatter = new StatisticsDisplayFormatter();
  }

  @Test
  public void testInitialize() {
    data.put(new Key(), new Value());
    formatter.initialize(data.entrySet(), new FormatterConfig());

    assertTrue(formatter.hasNext());
  }

  @Test
  public void testAggregate() {
    data.put(new Key("", "", "", 1), new Value());
    data.put(new Key("", "", "", 2), new Value());
    formatter.initialize(data.entrySet(), new FormatterConfig());

    String[] output = formatter.next().split("\n");
    assertTrue(output[2].endsWith(": 1"));
    assertTrue(output[5].endsWith(": 1"));
    assertTrue(output[8].endsWith(": 1"));
    assertEquals("2 entries matched.", output[9]);

    assertFalse(formatter.hasNext());
  }
}


Encounter's mission is to help broken and hurting people overcome life's adversities so they can discover a free life devoted to Jesus Christ.
A spiritual growth discipleship program designed to help people live a free life devoted to Jesus Christ.
Encounter combines Spiritual Growth, Recovery, Evangelism, and Community as the four pillars of our ministry.
Come hear past messages from Pastor Bill. We also post testimonies from our forever family and special guest speakers. The messages can be watched online as well as downloaded.
Have a question for our encounter staff or maybe you want to volunteer at Encounter?
Just send us a message and we will be there for you.
Join Our Mailing List And Get Updates On Events, Messages, And Activities!


text:
"While a nature tourist may sit at the computer and plan trips to see natural areas, the general traveling public might have an interest in nature along the way," LaSalle says.
The Audubon Center focuses on the Pascagoula River which LaSalle described as "the last, large unimpeded river in the contiguous United States." The center offers nature education to youth and adults.
Currently housed in an older wooden house, the Audubon Center plans to build a three-level 9,000-square-foot center and outdoor ampitheater — a nice attraction for visitors.
McCoy's River and Swamp Tours offers boat tours of the Pascagoula River from the center on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays at 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.
Visitors to Moss Point will discover a pleasant greenway as they enter the city from Interstate 10 at Mississippi 613. The waterfront Pelican Landing Conference Center is at the south boundary of the green area and the Pascagoula River Audubon Center is at the north boundary.
The Gulf Islands National Seashore and the Mississippi Sandhill Crane Refuge also offer something for the nature lover, and the Coast is blessed with plenty of rivers and streams.
Visitors to the western Mississippi Coast will find a lush, natural area for picnics, canoeing and camping at McLeod Water Park on the Jourdan River, says Beth Carriere, executive director of Mississippi's West Coast Visitor's Bureau. Carriere notes that almost anywhere in Hancock County is good for bird watching but along the beaches is an especially good location. Bayou tours are available for those who want to see alligators and inland fowls.
For a quiet stroll, take a self-guided tour of the Crosby Arboretum in Picayune. The arboretum is dedicated to educating the public about the environment and preserving, protecting and displaying plants native to the Pearl River Drainage Basin ecosystem.
The Coast's densest population areas are in Harrison County, but the county's diverse tourism offerings include many opportunities for nature tourism. Ship Island tours offer a boat ride to the island and usually plenty of opportunity to observe dolphins and seagulls on the way. There are also numerous charter fishing and river tours opportunities.
Here are some Eco Tours available in South Mississippi:
Alligator Farm and Airboat Rides
Walking tours, view alligators in natural habitat, airboat tours of swamp; 10300 U.S. 90, Moss Point; (228) 475-6026 or (866) 954-2867
Biloxi Bay Charter & Nature Tours
Located at Point Cadet Marina, Slip C-10, Biloxi; (228) 209-9977.
Black Creek Canoe Rental
Canoeing, camping, kayaking, fishing, hiking; DeSoto National Forest , No. 20 Old U.S. 49 West, Brooklyn (601) 582-8817; www.blackcreekcanoe.com
Native plant conservatory, self -and staff-guided tours; 370 Ridge Road, Picayune.; (601) 799-2311; www.crosbyarboretum.msstate.edu
Da Beach House
Kayak ecotours of rivers, bays, open water and islands; catamaran rentals;(228)547-0085
Eco-Tours of South Mississippi
Interpretive tours of natural habitats of cypress swamps, salt marshes; guided kayak tours, overnight cabin stays; Gautier; (228) 297-8687; www.ecotoursofsouthmississippi.com
Flint Creek Water Park
Boating, cabin rentals, fishing, hiking, skiing; 1216 Parkway, Wiggins; (601) 928-3051
Gulf Island National Seashore
Camping, nature tours and walks, kayaking tours; 3500 Park Road, Ocean Springs; (228) 875-0821
Horn Island Charters
Day and overnight trips, camping, fishing; (228) 872-8422, (228) 365-5572, 1 (866) 972-6339
Paul B. Johnson State Park
Bicycling, boating, cabins, canoeing, fishing, jet skiing, 319 Geiger Lake Road, Hattiesburg; (601) 582-7721
Little Black Creek Water ParkCamping, fishing, hiking, boating, cabins; 2159 Little Black Creek Road, Lumberton; (601) 794-2957
McCoy's River & Marsh Tours
Nature tours of unique river and marsh system; located off Mississippi 613 in Escatawpa; (228) 588-0356 or (228) 219-4583
McLeod Water Park & Campgrounds
Camping, fishing, hiking, boating, cabins, nature trail; 8100 Texas Flat Road, Kiln; (228) 467-1894
Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge
Observe wildlife, trails, crane tours; 7200 Crane Lane, Gautier; (228) 497-6322
Pascagoula River Audubon Center
Gateway to the Pascagoula River; classes, field trips, summer camps, tours; 7001 Frank Griffin Road, Moss Point; (228) 475-0825; http://pascagoulariver.audubon.org
Shepard State Park
Biking, camping, nature trails, 1034 Graveline Road, Gautier; (228) 497-2244
Ship Island Excursions
Ferry ride to island, visit historic Fort Massachusetts; departs from the Gulfport Yacht Harbor, U.S. 90 at U.S. 49 intersection; (228) 864-1014, (866) 466-7386; www.msshipisland.com
Wolf River Canoe and Kayak
Camping, fishing, canoeing, kayaking; located on Wolf River; (228) 452-7666; www.wolfrivercanoes.com
The Mississippi Coast's connection to space 50 years after man landed on the moon
Years later, Epstein's victims discuss the lasting impact of sexual abuse
By Britneé Davis
Hurricane Camille hit the Mississippi Coast on August 17, 1969. The eye of the storm made landfall in Waveland, but Biloxi, Gulfport and the entire coast felt the impact. Share your storm memories with us.
Candidates: Mississippi should focus on vocational education
A Mississippi politician denied access to a female reporter. What is the 'Billy Graham rule' he cited?


PanARMENIAN.Net – Holders of diplomatic and official passports will now be able to travel visa-free from Armenia to Mongolia and vice versa, according to a new agreement approved by the government on Thursday, December 6.
The purpose of the deal is to encourage and facilitate the mutual visits of officials.
The agreement was first signed by Armenian Foreign Minister Zohrab Mnatsakanyan and his Mongolian counterpart Damdin Tsogtbaatar on the sidelines of the 73rd session of the United Nations General Assembly in late September.
After signing the deal, the sides agreed that the move paves the way for the liberalization of visa regimes altogether.


Okay, so its not really a farm. We don't grow any mass crops. It's more like a small hobby farm that is devoted to our love of animals. We have four horses, a mini donkey, and a whole herd of cats. We also have two dogs, two lovebirds, and are just getting started on chickens. We enjoy the outdoors tremendously, and our goal is to be able to vacation at home any time we want. This is our second year at our farm (2009) and we're now starting our chicken project. We started with six RIRs, 3 EEs, and 2 BAs. Right now, the chicks are still in the house, though the six RIRs have moved into what we are calling their teenage portable headquarters while we get their new coup done. I'll post pictures of that coup when its totally finished... or maybe in the building stages!
Our family has grown too! We have moved the RIRs into a large dog run while we finish our coup, and our EE friends are now living in the little juvenille brooder. So we have two Black Astralorps and three EE hens living outside, and 4 EE chicks and 2 Spitz's still living inside (they are 4 weeks old now).
Also, here's a picture of our draft and mini donk hanging out together.


Who's Who in Catholic Education?
Every 2 years parents, carers & educators from across our 11 Catholic dioceses in NSW and ACT and around Australia come together for a weekend of networking, sharing and learning to engage parents in the faith development, learning & well-being of their children.
On the 8, 9 & 10 September, 2017 you are invited to join the conversation on the evolving role of parents in contemporary education as together with school communities, we prepare our children to be 'fit for the future', particularly for the work place of the future.
Running parallel, on the Saturday, will be a fantastic Kids Conference where primary-age students will have the opportunity to build their creativity, practice mindfulness& explore technological skills.
Waterford Hall (above) sits beside the historic 'Archbishops Residence' - overlooking beautiful Sydney Harbour (right).
For more about how you can partner with us for the conference through sponsorship opportunities, click here.
Professor Lea Waters recently seen in the ABC TV Series Revolution School who specialises in Positive Psychology with a particular focus on Strengths-based parenting.
Barbara Barker is a senior researcher with the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY) and her work is currently focusing on a shared understanding of what parent engagement is and why it matters.
Dan Fleming, previously with the Broken Bay Institute and now with St Vincent's Hospital, will be presenting on Spirituality in the future for families.
For more information or to subscribe for updates visit the Broken Bay Catholic School Parents website.


Use this Elementary Science and Animal Kingdom video entitled From Sea to Land to help kids learn how amphibians get their food and raise their young, and the environments in which amphibians live.
Learn about Animals From Sea and Land. Study mammals, fish, amphibians, birds, and insects, and learn how animals get their food and raise their young.
Sea and Land Animals. Learn about Animals From Sea and Land. Study mammals, fish, amphibians, birds, and insects, and learn how animals get their food and raise their young.