text:
package net.mostlyoriginal.api.plugin.extendedcomponentmapper;

import com.artemis.*;
import com.artemis.annotations.Wire;
import com.artemis.systems.EntityProcessingSystem;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * @author Daan van Yperen
 */
public class ExtendedComponentMapperPluginTest {

	@Wire
	public class BasicSystem extends EntityProcessingSystem {

		public BasicSystem() {
			super(Aspect.all(TestMarker.class));
		}

		protected M<Pos> mPos;

		@Override
		protected void process(Entity e) {
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void test_injection_of_extended_component_mapper() {
		final BasicSystem system = new BasicSystem();
		new World(new WorldConfigurationBuilder()
				.with(system)
				.with(new ExtendedComponentMapperPlugin())
				.build());

		Assert.assertNotNull(system.mPos);
		Assert.assertEquals(system.mPos.getClass(), M.class);
	}

	@Test
	public void create_if_missing_should_create_new_component() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystemA extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				Pos c = mPos.create(e);
				Assert.assertNotNull(c);
			}
		}

		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystemA());
	}

	@Test
	public void create_if_exists_should_recycle_existing_component() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				Pos c1 = mPos.create(e);
				Pos c2 = mPos.create(e);
				Assert.assertEquals(c1, c2);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void set_if_exists_should_recycle_existing_component() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				Pos c1 = mPos.create(e);
				Pos c2 = mPos.set(e, true);
				Assert.assertEquals(c1, c2);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void set_if_exists_should_remove_component() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.create(e);
				mPos.set(e,false);
				Assert.assertFalse(mPos.has(e));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void remove_if_exists_should_remove_component() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.create(e);
				mPos.remove(e);
				Assert.assertFalse(mPos.has(e));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void remove_if_missing_should_not_explode() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.remove(e);
				Assert.assertFalse(mPos.has(e));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void set_if_missing_should_not_explode() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.set(e, false);
				Assert.assertFalse(mPos.has(e));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void getsafe_with_fallback_should_return_fallback_when_component_missing() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {

			private Pos fallbackPos = new Pos(10,10);

			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				Assert.assertEquals("expected to return fallback.", fallbackPos, mPos.getSafe(e, fallbackPos));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void getsafe_with_fallback_should_return_component_when_available() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {

			private Pos fallbackPos = new Pos(10,10);

			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Pos pos = mPos.create(e);
				Assert.assertEquals("expected to return component.", pos, mPos.getSafe(e, fallbackPos));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void getsafe_with_null_fallback_should_return_null() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {

			private Pos fallbackPos = new Pos(10,10);

			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				Assert.assertNull(mPos.getSafe(e, null));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	protected void createAndProcessWorld(BaseSystem system) {
		final World world = new World(new WorldConfigurationBuilder()
				.with(system)
				.with(new ExtendedComponentMapperPlugin())
				.build());
		world.createEntity().edit().create(TestMarker.class);
		world.process();
	}

	@Test
	public void create_right_after_entity_creation_should_not_throw_exception() {
		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Entity t1 = world.createEntity();
				Pos c1 = mPos.create(t1);
				Assert.assertNotNull(c1);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void remove_right_after_entity_creation_should_not_throw_exception() {
		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Entity t1 = world.createEntity();
				mPos.remove(t1);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void create_by_id_right_after_entity_creation_should_not_throw_exception() {
		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Entity t1 = world.createEntity();
				Pos c1 = mPos.create(t1.getId());
				Assert.assertNotNull(c1);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void remove_by_id_right_after_entity_creation_should_not_throw_exception() {
		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Entity t1 = world.createEntity();
				mPos.remove(t1.getId());
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void mirror_existing_to_missing_should_create_and_copy_properties() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.create(e).x = 99;
				final Entity e2 = world.createEntity();

				mPos.mirror(e2, e);
				Assert.assertEquals(99, mPos.get(e2).x);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void mirror_existing_to_existing_should_override_properties() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				mPos.create(e).x = 99;
				final Entity e2 = world.createEntity();
				mPos.create(e2).x = 80;
				mPos.mirror(e2, e);
				Assert.assertEquals(99,mPos.get(e2).x);
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

	@Test
	public void mirror_null_to_existing_should_remove_existing() {

		@Wire(injectInherited = true)
		class TestSystem extends BasicSystem {
			@Override
			protected void process(Entity e) {
				final Entity e2 = world.createEntity();
				mPos.create(e2).x = 80;
				mPos.mirror(e2, e);
				Assert.assertFalse(mPos.has(e2));
			}
		}
		createAndProcessWorld(new TestSystem());
	}

}


Invigorate your occasion-wear offering with Janavi's pale blue merino wool shawl. Crafted in India, it features a hand embroidered white floral pattern and an eyelash fringe trim. Pair it with a blue dress for a sophisticated evening look.


It was domestic Monday. I started out cleaning the trailer. One thing you get a lot of for free at Quartzsite is dust. While it is obvious when the wind is blowing hard, even on calm days there always seems to be a bit in the air, and, of course, settled into the trailer.
After dusting, sweeping, and picking up some clutter produced by the trailer staying in one place too long, I gathered together a week plus worth of dirty clothes, and headed to the laundromat. I ended up doing 3 loads of laundry. While everything was in the dryers, I had a full sized shower. It felt great to be able to run as much water for as long as I wanted (well, they do have a 20 minute limit on showers, but I could never take one for that long)!
I did a little food shopping on the way back, filled an empty propane tank (Propane is getting less expensive each time I fill a tank). Today it was $1.99 a gallon.
I fooled around with my portable solar panel, but have not found a way to convince either its controller or the GoPower one built into the trailer that it should remain in the absorption mode long enough to fully recharge the batteries. They both switch down to the float stage (13.6V) while the batteries are still down 10 amp hours from full. I may be expecting too much but it would be nice to get that last little bit into the batteries, particularly since we are expecting some cloudy days ahead.
I sat & read, enjoying the 65°F afternoon. Dinner will be a grilled chicken patty, some of the left over Mexican rice from yesterday, and a fruit cup.


Fox Sports announced today that it is teaming with NextVR to broadcast the quarterfinal, semifinal and championship games of the 2016 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament virtual reality from Madison Square Garden beginning on March 10.
In total, seven games and more than 15 hours of live virtual reality coverage will be streamed over three days via the Fox Sports Section on the NextVR portal. It will mark the first time a college basketball tournament will be broadcast live to a global audience in virtual reality. All games will also be broadcast live on FS1, and the championship game will be carried by Fox on March 12 beginning at 5:30 P.M. ET).
It is part of Fox Sports' five-year partnership with the Laguna Beach, Ca.-based NextVR announced last month.
Founded in 2009 by producer/director/cinematographer D.J. Roller and digital imaging/3D tech vet David Cole, NextVR has more than 26 patents granted or pending for the capture, compression, transmission, and display of virtual reality content.
Fox Sports and NextVR previously collaborated on live virtual reality broadcasts of the Daytona 500, the Auto Club 400 NASCAR race in Fontana, Calif., and the U.S. Open Golf Championship in Washington State in 2015 and January's Premier Boxing Champions (PBC) matches.


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How a Coast Guard plane scoured islands looking for migrants — and what the crew found
David Goodhue and Jacqueline Charles
Miami Herald • January 22, 2023
U.S. Coast Guard pilots Lt. Spencer Zwenger and Lt. Cmdr. Joshua Mitcheltree prepare their C-144 Ocean Sentry plane for a patrol over the Florida Straits on Jan. 14, 2023. (David Goodhue, Miami Herald/TNS)
CAY SAL BANK, Bahamas (Tribune News Service) — High above a remote uninhabited Bahamian island, a U..S. Coast Guard air crew on patrol watches as a man and small child fish from a white-sand beach. A twin-outboard engine cabin cruiser is anchored in a cove just a few feet from shore.
Using cameras mounted on the C-144 Ocean Sentry, pilots and radar operators watch from about 1,500 feet as the two stand on the sand, rod and reel in hand, waiting for a fish to bite. Then the man and child notice the plane circling above. They drop their fishing gear and run toward trees.
"It's very peculiar," Lt. Spencer Zwenger says as he pilots the plane and watches what's happening on the beach below.
The pilot positions the plane — a twin-engine turbo prop that the Coast Guard uses for search and rescue and law enforcement patrols — at a different angle, and the cameras catch more people hiding beneath a tropical tree canopy.
"Oh, there's more than two people," Lt. Cmdr. Joshua Mitcheltree says from the right seat of the cockpit, after spotting the others gathered in the tree line.
The people below are likely migrants that, for unknown reasons, stopped at Cay Sal Bank, an arrow-shaped atoll located about 30 miles from the northern coast of Cuba, on their way to South Florida. The Coast Guard crew above was on a routine patrol mission on Jan. 14.
The boat, a factory-built pleasure craft and not a makeshift migrant vessel, also indicates to the crew that the people are not on their own, but taken to the island by paid smugglers.
"It's a nice boat in this graveyard of boats," Zwenger says, noticing a growing number of smashed migrant vessels that have been gathering on Cay Sal and other isolated Bahamian islands — reminders of the ongoing exodus of Cubans and Haitians on the way to the Florida Keys and South Florida.
A U.S. Coast Guard C-144 Ocean Sentry circles above Cay Sal Bank in the Bahamas on Jan. 14, 2023. (David Goodhue, Miami Herald/TNS)
Bahamas on alert
Lt. Cmdr. Derrick Ferguson with the Royal Bahamas Defense Force said the Cay Sal Bank area just off the north coast of Cuba is a traditional "transshipment point" for people leaving Cuba for the United States. It includes Cay Sal Bank, Elbow Cay and a group of small islands called the Anguilla Cays.
But there has been a "significant uptick" in migrants arriving there over the past three to four months — coinciding with the increase in landings in the Florida Keys, Miami-Dade and Broward.
"Sometimes, between navigational errors, sea conditions or mechanical issues, they will be left marooned on one of those cays inside Cay Sal Bank," Ferguson said.
As the area becomes more of a zone for scrutinizing Coast Guard and Royal Bahamas Defense Force patrols, Cuban migrants are increasingly using routes far to the east and north of the traditional maritime path to South Florida, a trend that concerns Ferguson.
"Which means they are taking longer journeys at greater risk, which could increase the incidence of tragedy and loss of life at sea," he said.
The increase in migrants from Haiti and Cuba — two countries with deepening economic and social crises — has escalated so much since the holidays that Gov. Ron DeSantis activated the Florida National Guard. He ordered the agency and other state law enforcement agencies to the Keys to help patrol the surrounding waters for incoming migrants moving through the Florida Straits.
Since Oct. 1, the beginning of the fiscal year, the Coast Guard has intercepted close to 5,000 people from Cuba at sea and about 1,200 people from Haiti attempting to migrate to the U.S. At the current pace, Cuban interdictions by the Coast Guard are set to triple what they were last fiscal year, which was already the highest in almost a decade.
U.S. Coast Guard pilot Lt. Cmdr. Joshua Mitcheltree flies a C-144 Ocean Sentry above the Florida Straits on Jan. 14, 2023, as a cargo ship sails on the water below. (David Goodhue, Miami Herald/TNS)
Smuggling launching pads
Nine months ago during another flyover, Cay Sal Bank looked like any remote Bahamian island in the middle of the ocean. But these days, the island and the nearby islands of Elbow Cay and the Anguillas have become landmarks of increased Cuban migration and offer a clue on how migrants may be making the journey. The islands appear to be stopovers for migrants, or a place for them to wait when things go wrong with their journey to the United States. The islands have become littered with abandoned boats.
Sometimes migrants are forced to seek refuge on the islands because of weather or because of a boat breakdown. Last February, the Coast Guard rescued three people who had said they were stranded on the island for 33 days and survived by eating coconuts.
But as the migration to South Florida increases, the Anguilla Cays, Cay Sal Bank and Elbow Cay are also being used as a launching pad for smugglers who have migrants wait there until they can be transported for the rest of the journey.
Other tell-tale signs that people have been camping out on the islands include discarded clothing, tents and parachutes from Coast Guard planes dropping supplies to the stranded.
Supplies meant for stranded mariners and migrants are set in the back of a U.S. Coast Guard C-144 Ocean Sentry plane Jan. 14, 2023. (David Goodhue, Miami Herald/TNS)
'Playing goalie'
On last weekend's patrol, the Ocean Sentry's crew — Zwenger, Mitcheltree, aviation electrician mates Petty Officer 2nd Class Brian Carty and Petty Officer 2nd Class Ian Angell, along with aviation maintenance technician Petty Officer 3rd Class Alonzo Williams — makes a run from Coast Guard Air Station Miami down to the southern end of the Bahamas.
From there, the plane flies up to the Florida Straits, covering the roughly 100-mile-wide distance west, then cutting back east, overlapping the same route, looking for migrant boats. It's a group effort, with the pilots looking out the windows of the cockpit, along with video screens on their console, Carty and Angell sitting in front of video and radar screens in the middle of the plane and Williams scanning the horizon out of the two bubble windows in the back.
If the crew determines people on an island or in a disabled boat need help, it's Williams' job to lower the back ramp door and drop supplies — food, water, blankets, a radio — to the distressed below.
Despite all of the eyes and technology aboard the C-144, it's a very big ocean with thousands of boats on the water for legitimate reasons. It's not hard for migrant vessels to slip past their view.
"The smaller ones, sometimes you don't even see on the radar," Mitcheltree says.
Over the course of this latest chaotic maritime exodus from Cuba and Haiti, the Coast Guard has been "playing goalie" in its effort to spot migrant vessels before they reach the United States. Cuban boats are getting through because of the overwhelming numbers leaving daily. And larger Haitian freighters are reaching, or getting close to, the U.S. because they're often piloted by smugglers who are seasoned sailors.
"They know what they're doing," Zwenger says of the Haitians, who also credit their belief in vodou to their boats' arrival. "They're professional mariners."
'Mothership'
On this patrol, no migrant boats are spotted at sea, but something else captures the crew's attention. It's a "mothership" Bahamian shrimping trawler towing several smaller boats that break off to fish and return to the bigger vessel to offload their catch.
The trawler is near the shoreline of the Anguilla Cays, a group of sandy, small islands near the southeastern-most point of Cay Sal Bank.
Carty and Angell scan their cameras along the beach. Suddenly, a makeshift migrant boat appears on the sand. It resembles the homemade Cuban "chugs" that have been left behind on the shore and in the mangroves up and down the Florida Keys for the past two years after migrant drop-offs.
About four men stand on the beach. As the plane continues circling the island, about a dozen more people are standing underneath stunted palm trees. One of the smaller shrimping boats is anchored just a few feet from shore. Two crewmen swim to the beach to check on the migrants.
The Ocean Sentry is finally able to reach the captain of the mothership by radio, who relays that his crew is providing the people on the island with food and water, and that they all appear to be in good health.
Petty Officer Nicole Groll, a Coast Guard spokeswoman on the plane during the patrol, says that because the U.S. and Bahamas have a "long-standing partnership," the Coast Guard notified Bahamian authorities that the people were on the island and did not need immediate medical attention.
"What happens next," Groll says, "the Bahamian authorities will go out there or they will ask us for assistance, and we will do our best to help."
Hit or miss
A 40-year-old Coast Guardsman, Mitcheltree was a helicopter pilot before moving on to the Ocean Sentry, and he was an elite rescue swimmer before going into aviation. He said each mission is unpredictable, and it's hit-or-miss whether he and his crew will encounter migrants on any given patrol.
"The last time I flew, we found nothing," he said. "This time, we found these two groups."
Before heading back to Miami, the crew returns to Cay Sal Bank to make sure a supply drop isn't necessary.
After seeing the people run from the C-144 earlier in the day, Zwenger and Mitcheltree want to be careful not to spook the boat driver on the second go-around in case, like they suspect, he is a smuggler. If that happened, he'd likely leave his human cargo on the island and at the mercy of the elements.
"Smugglers only care if they get paid," Mitcheltree says. "If they think that they're going to get caught, they'll skedaddle in a heartbeat."
The pilots hide out in the low cloud ceiling before dipping down slightly so the aircraft's cameras can get a clear view of the beach. The people below don't appear to be distressed. If they were, they'd likely wave frantically at the plane above. For now, they don't seem to want a rescue. Like with the people in the Anguillas, the plane's crew reports them to the Bahamians.
"The boat's still there and the people are still there," Mitcheltree says. "They got a nice little fire going."
As the temperature drops inside the plane on this January evening, Zwenger responds: "Good for them. It's going to be a cold night."
©2023 Miami Herald.
Visit miamiherald.com.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


please note the following terms of business. They supplement the statutory provisions relating to the legal relations between you as the buyer and ourselves (TTG).
1.1 These General Terms of Business govern all orders placed for products from the online shop with http://www.thueringen‐tourismus.de. By placing an order, the Buyer recognises these Terms.
No terms of business of the Buyer become part of the contract.
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2.1 The presentation of the range in the Online Shop does not constitute a binding offer for a contract. By sending an order to TTG, the Buyer makes a binding offer. TTG reserves the right to take a free decision on acceptance of this offer.
2.2 Products are selected by means of a shopping cart function. If the content of the shopping cart shown (selected products, price, postage costs and final price) does not correspond with the Buyer's desired order, a correction can be made via the buttons "Remove" and "Book further services". Upon clicking the button "Complete booking", the content of the shopping cart is confirmed in a binding form. In the dialogue box that follows, the required address particulars must be entered and acceptance of these General Terms of Business ("General Booking Terms") confirmed. After clicking the button "Continue", the Buyer can check the address/supply data entered and correct it if necessary using the button "Correct". Via the button "Continue", the Buyer obtains information on payment of the order. By clicking the button "Continue" again, the order is completed in a binding form.
2.3 Upon completion of the order, the system generates a confirmation of the order with a payment request. This confirms receipt of the order and simultaneously the making of a binding contract. It can be printed and is also simultaneously sent to the Buyer's email address.
3.1 Products are only sold subject to advance payment, bank transfer or direct debit. No credit cards are accepted.
3.2 In addition to the price of the product, postage costs are payable at a flat rate of € 4 per order. The flat rate for postage will only be charged once for each order. This also applies if an order is sent in several parts for logistic reasons.
3.3 Payment for the products ordered is made on the basis of order confirmation. The invoice for the transaction will be sent with the products.
4.1 As a general rule, products will be posted within three working days of receipt of payment. However, data on the delivery period is not binding, unless a delivery date has been agreed in a binding form in an exceptional case.
4.2 If nothing has been agreed to the contrary, delivery of the products will be to the delivery address provided by the Buyer. Deliveries abroad are always at the cost and risk of the Buyer.
4.3 If delivery cannot be made to the Buyer because he or she is not available at the delivery address given, said Buyer will pay the costs of unsuccessful delivery.
4.4 If customers discover damage to packaging when receiving a delivery, they must have such damage confirmed in writing by the forwarding agent when accepting the delivery. If the products have suffered transport damage, they must be returned immediately at TTG's expense to the address given on the return form enclosed with the delivery. As far as possible, the original packaging must be used, the condition on delivery restored and all documents belonging to the products enclosed.
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5.2 Upon receipt, products must be checked immediately, i.e. no later than on the working day following receipt of the products, to ensure that they have no defects and are complete. TTG must be notified immediately of any defects discovered. Every report of defects must be submitted in writing and the defect concerned must be described in detail. If the Buyer fails to check the products and report any defects in due time, the products will be deemed approved, unless the defect was not identifiable during such a check. The criterion for observance of the set period is on-time dispatch, with the Buyer bearing the burden of proof.
Defects discovered at a later date must also to be reported to TTG immediately upon discovery. If this is not done, the products will be deemed approved in relation to these defects too.
5.3 If there is a defect in the product for which TTG is responsible, TTG will implement the warranty by providing a substitute delivery after return of the defective item by the Buyer. If no substitute delivery is possible, TTG will notify the Buyer of this fact immediately and simultaneously rescind the contract. TTG will credit the payments made by the Buyer immediately upon receipt of the products by TTG.
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6.3 When exercising a right of cancellation, the Buyer has an obligation to return the ordered products immediately. For an order value of € 40 or less, the Buyer will pay the costs of return. If the order value is more than € 40, TTG will reimburse the standard costs of return. Immediately upon receipt of the products by TTG, the latter will credit the payments made.
- for delivery of audio or video recordings or software if the Buyer has broken the seal on the data carriers supplied.
- for delivery of products made to customer specifications or clearly tailored to personal requirements or of which the composition is not suited to return or which might rapidly spoil or exceed their shelf life.
7.2 The time limitation for all defect claims is 2 years and begins upon delivery of the products to the Buyer.
7.3 Any legal action against TTG must be filed at its seat of business. The Buyer's place of residence is the criterion for legal action by TTG against the Buyer, unless legal action is taken against registered traders or persons who have moved their place of residence or habitual abode to a foreign country since entering into the contract or whose place of residence or habitual abode is not known when legal action is filed. In such cases, the seat of business of Thüringer Tourismus GmbH constitutes the criterion for the legal venue.
7.4 The law of the Federal Republic of Germany applies.
7.5 If any provision in these General Terms of Business is or becomes ineffective, the effectiveness of the rest of the General Terms of Business will not be prejudiced thereby.


Three Lok Sabha constituencies in Chhattisgarh, all having Naxal presence, will go to the polls Thursday amid tight security to decide the fate of 36 candidates. Kanker, Rajnandgaon and Mahasamund Lok Sabha seats will vote in the second phase of polling in the state where around 60,000 security personnel will be on duty.
There are 36 candidates in the fray in these seats, but the main fight is likely to be between the ruling Congress and the main opposition BJP. "All preparations have been done for conducting elections in Mahasamund, Rajnandgaon and Kanker seats in the second phase in the state on April 18," said a functionary at the office of state's Chief Electoral Officer CEO). A large part of the Kanker Lok Sabha constituency is Naxal-affected where security forces are maintaining extra vigil to ensure peaceful polling, he said. Some pockets of Rajnandgaon and Mahasamund are also struggling with the Maoist menace.
The Kanker Lok Sabha constituency has eight assembly segments and of these, polling in four - Anatgarh, Keshkal Bhanupratappur and Kanker - will be held from 7 am to 3 pm in view of Maoist threat, the official said. In rest of the assembly segments - Sihawa, Sanjari- Balod, Daundilohara and Gunderdehi - polling time is from 7 am to 5 pm, he added. Of the 2,022 polling booths in the Kanker Lok Sabha seat, 490 have been marked as hypersensitive and 28 as sensitive, where additional security force will be deployed to prevent any untoward incident, the official said. The Rajnandgaon Lok Sabha constituency also consists of eight assembly segments. One of them - Manpur-Mohla - will witness polling from 7 am to 3 pm, while voters in rest of them can exercise their democratic right from 7 am to 5 pm, he said.
Of the 2,322 polling stations in Rajnandgaon, 279 have been marked as hypersensitive and 302 as sensitive, he said. The polling time in the Mahasamund constituency is from 7 am to 5 pm except in six hypersensitive booths at Odh, Kamabhaundi, Amammora, Badegobra, Sahbinkachhar and Kodomali villages where the voting time is from 7 am to 3 pm, he said. Of the 2140 polling booths in the Mahasamund constituency, 254 have been marked as sensitive, the official added. The maximum contestants - 14 - are in Rajnandgaon followed by 13 in Mahasamund and 9 in Kanker.
Altogether 49,07,489 voters - 24,69,110 women, 24,38,320 men and 59 members of the third gender - are eligible to exercise their franchise in these seats. The BJP has fielded Santosh Pandey, general secretary of the party's state unit, in the high-profile Rajnandgaon seat by denying ticket to sitting MP Abhishek Singh, son of former Chief Minister Raman Singh. Pandey is pitted against Congress candidate Bholaram Sahu, a former MLA. In Kanker, the BJP denied ticket to sitting MP Vikram Usendi, president of its state unit, and fielded a fresh face, Mohan Mandavi. The Congress has pinned its hopes on Biresh Thakur, also a greenhorn, in the seat.
In Mahasamund, the BJP chose former MLA Chunnilal Sahu over two-time MP Chandulal Sahu and he is taking on sitting Congress MLA Dhanendra Sahu. "A massive security blanket of around 60,000 personnel, and drones, has been thrown around the three constituencies for polls," Deputy Inspector General (Anti- Naxal Operations) Sundarraj P told PTI. Over 35,000 state and central forces were already stationed in these three regions. Now in view of the Lok Sabha polls, another 200 companies (roughly around 25,000 personnel), from paramilitary units like the CRPF, ITBP and BSF, have been brought in to guard the constituencies, he said.
Patrolling has been intensified by security forces in interior forests and along inter-state borders in Kanker and Rajnandgaon districts, the DIG said. Polling parties were ferried by helicopters to around 80 hypersensitive booths, the IPS officer said. Drones will keep a hawk eye and track the movement of Naxals, especially in areas close to polling booths and camps of security forces, he added. Ultras, like previous years, have given a poll boycott call though posters and pamphlets found in some pockets of Kanker, Rajnandgaon and Gariaband (part of the Mahasamund constituency) districts, the official added.
On April 4, four BSF personnel were killed in a Naxal ambush in Kanker district. Chhattisgarh, which has 11 Lok Sabha seats, is voting in three phases. The first phase covered the Naxal-hit Bastar (ST) constituency on April 11. The remaining seven seats will vote in the third and last phase on April 23. In 2014, the BJP had won 10 seats, while the Congress could bag only one.


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Hi my name is Lori. I am from the Kansas City Missouri area. I am currently working on Wholesale deals.
I mainly work in the Jackson County Missouri area. If you have any properties in this area please send me a message. I look forward to working with all of you. So excited to be part of this Network.


text:
import React = require('react')

declare function OverloadComponent<U>(): JSX.Element;
declare function OverloadComponent<U>(attr: {b: U, a?: string, "ignore-prop": boolean}): JSX.Element;
declare function OverloadComponent<T, U>(attr: {b: U, a: T}): JSX.Element;

// OK
function Baz<T extends {b: number}, U extends {a: boolean, b:string}>(arg1: T, arg2: U) {
    let a0 = <OverloadComponent {...arg1} a="hello" ignore-prop />;
    let a1 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-pro="hello world" />;
    let a2 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} />;
    let a3 = <OverloadComponent {...arg1} ignore-prop />;
    let a4 = <OverloadComponent />;
    let a5 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-prop="hello" {...arg1} />;
    let a6 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-prop {...arg1} />;
}

declare function Link<U>(l: {func: (arg: U)=>void}): JSX.Element;
declare function Link<U>(l: {func: (arg1:U, arg2: string)=>void}): JSX.Element;
function createLink(func: (a: number)=>void) {
    let o = <Link func={func} />
    let o1 = <Link func={(a:number, b:string)=>{}} />;
}

//// [file.jsx]
define(["require", "exports", "react"], function (require, exports, React) {
    "use strict";
    exports.__esModule = true;
    // OK
    function Baz(arg1, arg2) {
        var a0 = <OverloadComponent {...arg1} a="hello" ignore-prop/>;
        var a1 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-pro="hello world"/>;
        var a2 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2}/>;
        var a3 = <OverloadComponent {...arg1} ignore-prop/>;
        var a4 = <OverloadComponent />;
        var a5 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-prop="hello" {...arg1}/>;
        var a6 = <OverloadComponent {...arg2} ignore-prop {...arg1}/>;
    }
    function createLink(func) {
        var o = <Link func={func}/>;
        var o1 = <Link func={function (a, b) { }}/>;
    }
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Nick comes to The Avielle Foundation with 15 years' experience in the nonprofit sector as former Development Director with Family and Children's Aid in Danbury, CT and Executive Director of the Newtown Youth Academy, in Newtown CT. His knowledge of capacity building and organizational leadership will help The Avielle Foundation expand the impact of our mission. Nick has done extensive work throughout his career with the Life Is Good Kids Foundation through their Playmaker programming and is a certified Playmaker and optimism expert. Additionally, he is certified in Youth Brain Health first aid and he is a passionate and active advocate for brain health. Nick's commitment to improving the lives of children battling the trauma caused by abuse and adversity is highlighted by the programs he has developed and the volunteers he has engaged. Two specific projects Nick has lead are Bob's Camp, a week-long overnight summer camp for foster children and children in state care, and the GE/Family and Children's Aid Week of Caring, utilizing hundreds of GE volunteers for a week-long project at the Danbury, CT campus of Family and Children's Aid.
Nick shares his life with his wife Robyn and their two young daughters in Bethel, CT. They enjoy playing, traveling and learning together especially on the water. Nick also serves as an elected member of the Bethel Board of Education.


Welcome to Badge of the Week!
Interested in making badge? Looking for a creative outlet? Wanting to make a valuable artistic contribution to the hotel?
Badge of the Week is an article that allows users to explore their creative side and design a badge that could potentially win and be a part of the Hotel. Each week there will be a set theme in which users will have to make badges that are in accordance to that theme.
We are on the lookout for unique badge ideas and creations. We are not only judging based on aesthetics, but also the originality and quality of the idea you have come up with!
Each week will consist of a new theme and we take all theme suggestions into consideration.
We are excited to see what you guys have to offer!
You must meet the requirements for your badge to be valid.
- Badge size must be inbetween 40x40 minimum to 42x42 maximum.
- Copied entries from existing badges will be disqualified.
Congratulations and well done to the winners! It was extremely difficult to choose winners and each entry was unique and very well thought out. However sadly, we cannot place everyone.
Have fun and goodluck! We look forward to your entries.
The official article prize system will be announced and explained in a separate article SHORTLY winners in the meantime are being noted.
The BOTW article will have the prize list updated in accordance with the new article prize distribution system when ready.
Once again, we look forward to your entries and thank all our participants! It is thanks to you that we can provide such an article and be able to share many badges within the community. Your efforts are much appreciated.
If you have any questions, please contact elisa or MOD-P in game! If you can't find us online feel free to contact us on Discord!


text:
Based on the second law of planetary motion, when would a planet travel fastest in its orbit?
What does Kepler's 2nd Law of planetary motion state?
Kepler's second law states that a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, that is, the area divided by time, called the areal velocity, is constant.
At which point in its orbit will a Planet travel fastest?
What is the proper law of planetary motion?
There are actually three, Kepler's laws that is, of planetary motion: 1) every planet's orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at a focus; 2) a line joining the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times; and 3) the square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its …
Which scientist determine the nature of the forces that keep the planets in their orbits?
Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion
While Copernicus rightly observed that the planets revolve around the Sun, it was Kepler who correctly defined their orbits. At the age of 27, Kepler became the assistant of a wealthy astronomer, Tycho Brahe, who asked him to define the orbit of Mars.
What is Kepler's 2nd law called?
Kepler's Second Law, or The Law of Equal Areas in Equal Time — The line between a planet and the sun sweeps out equal areas in the plane of the planet's orbit over equal times. … It is often called the Law of Harmony because it shows a harmonic relation between distances and periods.
What is G in Kepler's third law?
The Newtonian constant, G, is defined in terms of the force between two two masses separated by some fixed distance. In order to measure k, all you need to do is count days; in order to measure G, you need to know very precisely the masses, separation, and forces between test objects in a laboratory.
You might be interested: How to attract your soulmate law of attraction
Where in the orbit is the planet the slowest?
A planet moves with constantly changing speed as it moves about its orbit. The fastest a planet moves is at perihelion (closest) and the slowest is at aphelion (farthest). Law 3. The square of the total time period (T) of the orbit is proportional to the cube of the average distance of the planet to the Sun (R).
Which planet has the slowest orbit around the sun?
By dividing the distance traveled in one full orbital cycle by the orbital time, you can derive the orbital speed. If Pluto had maintained its planet status, it would have the slowest orbital speed at just 10,438 miles per hour. Instead, Neptune again wins with an orbital speed of 12,148 miles per hour.
At which position would the planet have been traveling the fastest the slowest?
The planet would move fastest when it is closest to the Sun (at perihelion) and slowest when farthest from the Sun (at aphelion).
What is Kepler's third law formula?
If the size of the orbit (a) is expressed in astronomical units (1 AU equals the average distance between the Earth and Sun) and the period (P) is measured in years, then Kepler's Third Law says P2 = a3. where P is in Earth years, a is in AU and M is the mass of the central object in units of the mass of the Sun.
What is the first law of planetary motion?
Kepler's first law – sometimes referred to as the law of ellipses – explains that planets are orbiting the sun in a path described as an ellipse. … The resulting shape will be an ellipse. An ellipse is a special curve in which the sum of the distances from every point on the curve to two other points is a constant.
You might be interested: What is disposition in law
What is theory of planetary motion?
Three laws devised by Johannes Kepler to define the mechanics of planetary motion. The first law states that planets move in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun being one focus of the ellipse. This law identifies that the distance between the Sun and Earth is constantly changing as the Earth goes around its orbit.
When did Heliocentrism become accepted?
While the sphericity of the Earth was widely recognized in Greco-Roman astronomy from at least the 4th century BC, the Earth's daily rotation and yearly orbit around the Sun was never universally accepted until the Copernican Revolution.
Is geocentric model correct?
* Ptolemy develops a geocentric model that has the planets moving around the Earth. … His model has the planets moving around the Sun in circular orbits. This can explain retrograde motion, but his model doesn't fit all the planetary position data that well. Really, it's no better than Ptolemy's geocentric model.
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text:
Council to vote on hospital resolution
PUBLISHED: July 3, 2018 at 12:00 am | UPDATED: July 11, 2019 at 12:00 am
FITCHBURG — The City Council will vote Thursday on a resolution stating its opposition to UMass Memorial HealthAlliance-Clinton's Hospital's recent announcement it will be closing the urgent care center at Fitchburg's Burbank campus.
"Be it resolved," reads the resolution, "That the Fitchburg City Council is opposed to the proposed healthcare services consolidation by HealthAlliance, namely the closure of the Burbank Campus Urgent Care Center," according to the agenda for the council's 7 p.m. meeting at the Memorial Middle School library.
Ashburnham Town Hall opens earlier
ASHBURNHAM — Town Hall will now open half an hour earlier.
The hall will be open Monday through Thursday 7 a.m. to 5 p.m., Town Administrator Heather Budrewicz posted on the town's website. The change went into effect Monday.
Town Hall will remain closed on Fridays.
Appointments can be made outside of the new hours. To make one, call 978-827-4100 at least one business day in advance.
Small reduction to utility bills
BOSTON — Citing savings associated with recent federal tax cuts, state regulators have ordered small reductions in electric, gas and water utility bills that will save consumers in Massachusetts between $9 and $40 per year, the Baker administration said last week.
The Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs announced that the Department of Public Utilities has ordered 14 utilities, including Unitil and National Grid, to reduce base rates by a total of $116 million. Utilities affected are those impacted by the new federal corporate tax rate cut. The utilities affected also include Agawam Springs Water Company, Aquarion Water Company, Bay State Gas Company, the Berkshire Gas Company, Liberty Utilities, Milford Water Company, Eversource Energy, and Pinehills Water Company.
— STATE HOUSE NEWS SERVICE
Birdhouses feed curiosity, too


text:
New York's Elise Stefanik Replaces Cheney In Republican Leadership Spot
By Barbara Sprunt
Rep. Elise Stefanik, R-N.Y., speaks to reporters Friday after her election as House Republican Conference chair. Stefanik called former President Donald Trump "a critical part of our Republican team."
Updated May 14, 2021 at 10:17 AM ET
GOP lawmakers have chosen Rep. Elise Stefanik of New York as the No. 3 Republican in the House, anointing a Trump loyalist to a leadership position charged with delivering party messaging.
House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, R-Calif., announced her election in a tweet.
In a statement posted to Twitter, Stefanik said she was "honored and humbled to earn the support of my colleagues." Speaking to reporters later, she thanked former President Donald Trump whom she called "a critical part of our Republican team."
"I believe that voters determine the leader of the Republican Party and President Trump is the leader that they look to," she said when asked about Trump's leadership role within the party.
Stefanik's swift installment by secret ballot comes two days after House Republicans removed Rep. Liz Cheney of Wyoming from the role following her steadfast criticism of Trump over the last few months.
Stefanik's name was quickly floated as a replacement for Cheney, who had successfully warded off an attempt on her leadership position in February. Stefanik garnered the public support of McCarthy, House Minority Whip Steve Scalise and Trump.
While she appeared in some ways to be a foregone conclusion as the new conference chair, Stefanik faced some opposition from conservatives such as Rep. Chip Roy of Texas, who sent a memo to colleagues this week criticizing her record as being too moderate.
Roy maintained the conference shouldn't "rush this process just for the sake of doing it," telling Capitol Hill reporters Thursday evening he would run for the position himself.
In Friday's press conference, McCarthy thanked Roy, saying, "We had a healthy debate and a good election."
Stefanik sent a letter to colleagues Wednesday detailing her vision to "unify" the conference.
READ: Why I'm running for House Republican Conference Chair
A letter to my colleagues on my vision to unify our GOP Conference, win the Majority, and fight on behalf of the American people to save our country👇🇺🇸 pic.twitter.com/JGE5IqhNJo
— Elise Stefanik (@EliseStefanik) May 12, 2021
"I strongly believe that one of the most important qualities in any leader is the commitment and ability to listen," she wrote. "This week, I have had hundreds of productive and informative conversations with Members from all corners of our Conference. Today, I humbly ask to earn your vote for House Republican Conference Chair to unify our message as a team and win the Majority in 2022."
Stefanik entered Congress in 2015, representing an upstate New York district that voted twice for former President Barack Obama. She amassed a moderate voting record and earned a reputation as one of the more bipartisan members on Capitol Hill.
But as her district shifted hard in favor of Trump, so did Stefanik.
She became a star of the MAGA-verse following her passionate defense of the former president during his first impeachment hearings, with her performance earning her personal praise from Trump and record-breaking fundraising for her reelection.
Stefanik replaces Cheney, a woman she previously called a "huge asset in the role" and whom she twice nominated for the leadership position she now assumes.
Cheney is arguably more conservative than Stefanik, who voted against Trump's 2017 tax cuts. But the pair diverged most notably on Trump and his role in the GOP. Cheney voted for Trump's impeachment this year following the insurrection on the U.S. Capitol. Stefanik did not.
Cheney voted to certify the electoral results from the 2020 presidential election. Stefanik joined 138 House Republicans in voting to object to the counts in Pennsylvania.
Stefanik has also made her embrace of Trump abundantly clear, which aligns with party leaders such as McCarthy who are relying on the former president's support in the next election cycle to boost Republicans' numbers in Congress.
But even after her ousting, Cheney remains firm in her stance.
"I will do everything I can to ensure that the former president never again gets anywhere near the Oval Office," she told reporters following her removal from leadership.
Barbara Sprunt is a producer on NPR's Washington desk, where she reports and produces breaking news and feature political content. She formerly produced the NPR Politics Podcast and got her start in radio at as an intern on NPR's Weekend All Things Considered and Tell Me More with Michel Martin. She is an alumnus of the Paul Miller Reporting Fellowship at the National Press Foundation. She is a graduate of American University in Washington, D.C., and a Pennsylvania native.
See stories by Barbara Sprunt


Sentiment analysis is a common application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methodologies, particularly classification, whose goal is to extract the emotional content in text. In this way, sentiment analysis can be seen as a method to quantify qualitative data with some sentiment score. While sentiment is largely subjective, sentiment quantification has enjoyed many useful implementations, such as businesses gaining understanding about consumer reactions to a product, or detecting hateful speech in online comments.
The simplest form of sentiment analysis is to use a dictionary of good and bad words. Each word in a sentence has a score, typically +1 for positive sentiment and -1 for negative. Then, we simply add up the scores of all the words in the sentence to get a final sentiment total. Clearly, this has many limitations, the most important being that it neglects context and surrounding words. For example, in our simple model the phrase "not good" may be classified as 0 sentiment, given "not" has a score of -1 and "good" a score of +1. A human would likely classify "not good" as negative, despite the presence of "good".
Another common method is to treat a text as a "bag of words". We treat each text as a 1 by N vector, where N is the size of our vocabulary. Each column is a word, and the value is the number of times that word appears. For example, the phrase "bag of bag of words" might be encoded as [2, 2, 1]. This could then be fed into a machine learning algorithm for classification, such as logistic regression or SVM, to predict sentiment on unseen data. Note that this requires data with known sentiment to train on in a supervised fashion. While this is an improvement over the previous method, it still ignores context, and the size of the data increases with the size of the vocabulary.
Recently, Google developed a method called Word2Vec that captures the context of words, while at the same time reducing the size of the data. Word2Vec is actually two different methods: Continuous Bag of Words (CBOW) and Skip-gram. In the CBOW method, the goal is to predict a word given the surrounding words. Skip-gram is the converse: we want to predict a window of words given a single word (see Figure 1). Both methods use artificial neural networks as their classification algorithm. Initially, each word in the vocabulary is a random N-dimensional vector. During training, the algorithm learns the optimal vector for each word using the CBOW or Skip-gram method.
Figure 1: Architecture for the CBOW and Skip-gram method, taken from Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space. W(t) is the current word, while w(t-2), w(t-1), etc. are the surrounding words.
These word vectors now capture the context of surrounding words. This can be seen by using basic algebra to find word relations (i.e. "king" – "man" + "woman" = "queen"). These word vectors can be fed into a classification algorithm, as opposed to bag-of-words, to predict sentiment. The advantage is that we now have some word context, and our feature space is much lower (typically ~300 as opposed to ~100,000, which is the size of our vocabulary). We also had to do very little manual feature creation since the neural network was able to extract those features for us. Since text have varying length, one might take the average of all word vectors as the input to a classification algorithm to classify whole text documents.
However, even with the above method of averaging word vectors, we are ignoring word order. As a way to summarize bodies of text of varying length, Quoc Le and Tomas Mikolov came up with the Doc2Vec method. This method is almost identical to Word2Vec, except we now generalize the method by adding a paragraph/document vector. Like Word2Vec, there are two methods: Distributed Memory (DM) and Distributed Bag of Words (DBOW). DM attempts to predict a word given its previous words and a paragraph vector. Even though the context window moves across the text, the paragraph vector does not (hence distributed memory) and allows for some word-order to be captured. DBOW predicts a random group of words in a paragraph given only its paragraph vector (see Figure 2).
Figure 2: Architecture for Doc2Vec, taken from Distributed Representations of Sentences and Documents.
Once it has been trained, these paragraph vectors can be fed into a sentiment classifier without the need to aggregate words. This method is currently the state-of-the-art when it comes to sentiment classification on the IMDB movie review data set, achieving only a 7.42% error rate. Of course, none of this is useful if we cannot actually implement them. Luckily, a very-well optimized version of Word2Vec and Doc2Vec is available in gensim, a Python library.
What's interesting is that it can find grammatical relationships, for example identifying superlatives or verb stems: "biggest" - "big" + "small" = "smallest"
"ate" - "eat" + "speak" = "spoke"
It's clear from the above examples that Word2Vec is able to learn non-trivial relationships between words. This is what makes them powerful for many NLP tasks, and in our case sentiment analysis. Before we move on to using them in sentiment analysis, let us first examine Word2Vec's ability to separate and cluster words. We will use three example word sets: food, sports, and weather words taken from a wonderful website called Enchanted Learning. Since these vectors are 300 dimensional, we will use Scikit-Learn's implementation of a dimensionality reduction algorithm called t-SNE in order to visualize them in 2D.
Figure 3: T-SNE projected clusters of food words (blue), sports words (red), and weather words (green).
We can see from the above that Word2Vec does a good job of separating unrelated words, as well as clustering together like words.
Now we will move on to an example in sentiment analysis with tweets gathered using emojis as search terms. We use these emojis as "fuzzy" labels for our data; a smiley emoji (:-)) corresponds to positive sentiment, and a frowny (:-() to negative. The data consists of an even split between positive and negative with a total of ~400,000 tweets. We randomly sample positive and negative tweets to construct an 80/20, train/test, split. We then train the Word2Vec model on the train tweets. In order to prevent data leakage from the test set, we do not train Word2Vec on the test set until after our classifier has been fit on the training set. To construct inputs for our classifier, we take the average of all word vectors in a tweet. We will be using Scikit-Learn to do a lot of the machine learning.
First we import our data and train the Word2Vec model.
Scaling moves our data set is part of the process of standardization where we move our dataset into a gaussian distribution with a mean of zero, meaning that values above the mean will be positive, and those below the mean will be negative. Many ML models require scaled datasets to perform effectively, especially those with many features (like text classifiers).
Finally we have to build our test set vectors and scale them for evaluation.
Next we want to validate our classifier by calculating the prediction accuracy on test data, as well as examining its Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. ROC curves measure the true-positive rate vs. the false-positive rate of a classifier while adjusting a parameter of the model. In our case, we adjust the cut-off threshold probability for classifying a tweet as positive or negative sentiment. Generally, the larger the Area Under the Curve (AUC), the better our model does at maximizing true positives while minimizing false positives. More on ROC curves can be found here.
To start we'll train our classifier, in this case using Stochastic Gradient Descent for Logistic Regression.
We'll then create the ROC curve for evaluation using matplotlib and the roc_curve method of Scikit-Learn's metric package.
Figure 4: ROC Curve for a logistic classifier on our training data of tweets.
The resulting accuracy is 77%. As with any machine learning task, picking the right model is usually more a matter of art than science. If you'd like to use my custom library you can find it on my github. Be warned, it is likely very messy and not regularly maintained! If you would like to contribute please feel free to fork the repository. It could definitely use some TLC!
Using the averages of word vectors worked fine in the case of tweets. This is because tweets are typically only a few to tens of words in length, which allows us to preserve the relevant features even when averaging. Once we go to the paragraph scale, however, we risk throwing away rich features when we ignore word order and context. In this case it is better to use Doc2Vec to create our input features. As an example we will use the IMDB movie review dataset to test the usefulness of Doc2Vec in sentiment analysis. The data consists of 25,000 positive movie reviews, 25,000 negative, and 50,000 unlabeled reviews. We first train Doc2Vec over the unlabeled reviews. The methodology then identically follows that of the Word2Vec example above, except now we will use both DM and DBOW vectors as inputs by concatenating them.
Next we instantiate our two Doc2Vec models, DM and DBOW. The gensim documentation suggests training over the data multiple times and either adjusting the learning rate or randomizing the order of input at each pass. We then collect the movie review vectors learned by the models.
Now we are ready to train a classifier over our review vectors. We will again use sklearn's SGDClassifier.
Figure 5: ROC Curve for a logistic classifier on our training data of IMDB movie reviews.
Interestingly, here we see no such improvement. The test accuracy is 0.85, and we do not approach their claimed test error of 7.42%. This could be for many reasons: we did not train for enough epochs over the training/test data, their implementation of Doc2Vec/ANN is different, their hyperparameters are different, etc. It's hard to know exactly which since the paper does not go into great detail. In any case, we were able to obtain an 86% test accuracy with very little pre-processing and no feature creation/selection. No fancy convolutions or treebanks necessary!
I hope you have seen not only the utility but ease of use for Word2Vec and Doc2Vec using standard tools like Python and gensim. With a very simple algorithm we can gain rich word and paragraph vectors that can be used in all kinds of NLP applications. What's even better is Google's release of their own pre-trained word vectors trained on a much larger data set than anyone else can hope to obtain. If you want to train your own vectors over large data sets there is already an implementation of Word2Vec in Apache Spark's MLlib. Happy NLP'ing!
Sentiment analysis can help businesses better understand their customers. Schedule a free consultation to find out how we can help!


text:
Q: Spark : how can evenly distribute my records in all partition I have a RDD with 30 record (key/value pair  :  key is Time Stamp and Value is JPEG Byte Array)
and I am running 30 executors. I want to repartition this RDD in to 30 partitions so every partition gets one record and is assigned to one executor.
When I used rdd.repartition(30) it repartitions my rdd in 30 partitions but some partitions get 2 records, some get 1 record and some not getting any records.
Is there any way in Spark I can evenly distribute my records to all partitions.

A: Salting  technique can be used which involves adding a new "fake" key and using alongside the current key for better distribution of data.
(here is link for salting)

A: Below is an example of repartitioning an rdd into npartitions partitions, so that the items are evenly distributed across the partitions. The number of items in each partition will be different by at most 1.
evenly_repartitioned = (
    rdd
    .zipWithIndex()
    .map(lambda p: (p[1], p[0]))
    .partitionBy(N, lambda p: p)
    .values()
)

It does:

*

*Make a tuple of (item, index) where the index is over the entire RDD

*Swap the key and the value, so now the RDD contains (index, item)

*Repartition to N partitions using an identity partitionFunc, moving item to partition index % N

*Take only the values, dropping the index in the tuple.

Note that this is slower than the default hash-based repartitioning, because it requires another Spark stage during zipWithIndex() to count the size of each partition.

A: You can force a new partitioning by using the partitionBy command and providing a number of partitions. By default the partitioner is a hash-based but you can switch to a range-based for a better distribution. If you really want to force a repartitioning you can use a random number generator as the partition function (in PySpark).
my_rdd.partitionBy(pCount, partitionFunc = lambda x: np.random.randint(pCount))

This will, however, frequently cause inefficient shuffles (lots of data transferred between nodes), but if your process is compute limited then it can make sense.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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'Some extra support and encouragement': Authorities escort 4th grade son of deputy who died at age 28
Hall County Sheriff's Office
Caden Dixon with deputies
SOURCE: Hall County Sheriff's Office
Deputies escorted a boy who lost his dad to start off the school year as a fourth-grader.Caden Dixon and his mother, Stephanie, received support from the force that his 28-year-old father, Nicolas Blane Dixon, was a part of until he was killed after a shootout."They wanted to give Caden and Stephanie some extra support and encouragement on this first day of class," the Hall County Sheriff's Office said.Family, friends, co-workers and community members gathered for the funeral for Deputy Nicolas Blane Dixon last month in Gainesville, Georgia.Dixon was killed when he pulled over four teens suspected of burglarizing a pawn shop and other crimes. Investigators said the crooks stole several weapons from the pawn shop.Dixon and other deputies got into a shootout with the four suspects when one of them appeared from behind a home and shot Dixon below his service vest. Dixon later died at a hospital.Stephanie Dixon previously told WGCL-TV her husband loved his job and wanted to eventually become a member of the SWAT team.The family also includes a newborn baby, who is just a few months old.WGCL-TV has contributed to this report.
GAINESVILLE, Ga. —
Deputies escorted a boy who lost his dad to start off the school year as a fourth-grader.
Caden Dixon and his mother, Stephanie, received support from the force that his 28-year-old father, Nicolas Blane Dixon, was a part of until he was killed after a shootout.
"They wanted to give Caden and Stephanie some extra support and encouragement on this first day of class," the Hall County Sheriff's Office said.
Family, friends, co-workers and community members gathered for the funeral for Deputy Nicolas Blane Dixon last month in Gainesville, Georgia.
Dixon was killed when he pulled over four teens suspected of burglarizing a pawn shop and other crimes. Investigators said the crooks stole several weapons from the pawn shop.
Dixon and other deputies got into a shootout with the four suspects when one of them appeared from behind a home and shot Dixon below his service vest. Dixon later died at a hospital.
Stephanie Dixon previously told WGCL-TV her husband loved his job and wanted to eventually become a member of the SWAT team.
The family also includes a newborn baby, who is just a few months old.
WGCL-TV has contributed to this report.
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text:
Q: Not able to read special character in buffer from http response on DAP I have a simple http get call from java using simple headers accept type and authorization in header .
"I'm using charset UTF-8" when I try the same code in local that is on IDE eclipse tomcat server I am getting proper response and but when put the same code on dap server response data is getting changed .
Example : Ó (actual data sent by the client) same as is data I am getting in LOCAL but in DAP only such char apart from alpha numeric (Ó) changing to some other char like this Á.
Stuck in this from couple of days .
Please provide me the solution .
Thanks ,
Mussaveer
Tried all charset while consuming input stream .
InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(),"");


text:
Categories: Travel.
All You Need to Understand about Torn ACL surgery
The want for surgical treatment is based on the severity of the ACL tear and the way of life of the affected man or woman. A very torn ACL can not heal on its own. Research has established that in some patients who revel in a partial tear of the ACL, the ligament might also moreover heal without the need for surgical remedy. Human beings who have in reality torn their ACL and who keep an energetic way of life will need surgical techniques to go return to their earlier degree of activity and avoid destiny damage.
A torn anterior cruciate ligament is used to prevent athletic careers and participation. These days, advances in ACL reconstruction surgical procedures, and rehabilitation allow the general public who tear an ACL to move and return to the sports they experience. Nevertheless, an ACL tear stays to be one of the most intense knee injuries. A torn ACL is painful. At once after a harm, you'll have problems strolling normally, if the least bit. A totally torn ACL can't and does now not heal on its very own. Nearly absolutely everyone who wants to return to their interest or sports that require jumping or touchdown or pivoting will opt for an ACL reconstruction surgical operation.
During the ACL reconstruction surgery, the medical doctor drills a hole in your femur and every different on your tibia. An allograft is inserted into the tunnels and fixed within the vicinity. Gift-day ACL reconstruction surgical treatment is done within the knee using small gadgets inserted through the smallest feasible slits. This disturbs near tissue and bone as little as viable, which aids healing. In spite of those advances, surgical remedy stresses your frame. Other accidents to your knee may be handled by means of developing what desire to heal.
For an entire tear of the ACL, reconstruction surgical treatment is normally scheduled for 3 to six weeks after the damage occurs. This could infection within the location to subside. If the surgical procedure is completed too early, patients also can amplify a profound scarring response known as arthrofibrosis. Some portions of proof indicate that delaying ACL reconstruction surgical remedy for six months or longer after damage reduces someone's possibility of getting clinically massive very last outcomes and results in superior charges of need for future revision surgical procedures.
ACL reconstruction surgical procedure has finished the usage of minimally invasive arthroscopic strategies, in which a mixture of fiber optics, small incisions, and small instruments are used. A virtually big incision is needed, however, to collect the tissue graft. ACL reconstruction is an ambulatory manner, wherein patients can pass home on an equal day as their surgical treatment. It generally takes six to 9 months for a patient to go back to taking part in sports activities after an ACL reconstruction, counting on the extent of opposition and the kind of hobby. Sufferers are in a role to stroll with crutches and a leg brace on the day of surgical treatment. Very quickly after the surgery, the patient enters rehabilitation, stability, and type of movement to the knee.


I have had my eye on the Liberty x Vans collection for some time, well one particular pair the Era in Mountains/Army. The collection landed a month or so ago but the only ones I was able to see in the shops were the real traditional paisley prints which I feel are just a tad too obvious a connection with the Liberty print and so I wasn't keen. The Era is a classic Van shape but the Liberty pattern is shades of green and almost a peachy colour – I would describe them as almost a pretty camo which is the perfect Liberty print for the here and now.
I popped into 'Office' in Guildford on the day before leaving for my holiday on the my usual sneaker hunt and there they were – finally they had them in stock, so I just had to try them on and of course once they were on, I HAD to have them!
These Vans are a lot lighter than my new Converse which makes them perfect for holiday. I didn't really want to take my Kenzo x Vans on holiday incase they got a bit too trashed as is the way when camping.
So here they are and they haven't really left my feet since unboxing and they got a lotta love from a guy in a skate/surf shop in Cap Ferret yesterday so this must be the perfect pair for a summer holiday!


The purpose of this two weeks meeting is to bring together people working on rational and integral points in a broad sense. Topics include but are not restricted to connections to analysis, analytic number theory, arithmetic dynamics and diophantine approximation. The first week will be a summer school consisting of five mini-courses aimed at PhD students and postdocs. Advanced Master students are also welcome. The second week will be a traditional conference.


text:
Posted on March 6, 2019 by Portsmouth Daily Times
26 Scioto Countians named all-district
Holden, Blevins take home POTY in D3, D4
PDT Staff Report
South Webster senior Shiloah Blevins received district player of the year honors in the District 14 Division IV awards released Wednesday morning.
Ed Litteral | Daily Times
Wheelersburg senior Tanner Holden received district player of the year honors in the District 14 Division III awards released Wednesday morning.
Photo courtesy of Terry Stevenson
PORTSMOUTH – Wednesday morning, the District 14 coaches association released their all-district teams for boys' basketball teams in the area, all of which include Scioto County's best.
In the Division III honors, Wheelersburg's Tanner Holden earned Division III player of the year and first team all-district honors after averaging 27 points per game while shooting 64% from the field and 43% from behind the 3-point line, 11 rebounds per game, and two assists per game during his senior season. Holden has already signed his letter of intent with Wright State University where he will begin playing this fall. Wheelersburg head coach Steven Ater received district coach of the year after leading the Pirates to a perfect 22-0 regular season and his first outright SOC II title since he began leading the Pirates six seasons ago.
On the Division III second team from Scioto County was Portsmouth junior Matthew Fraulini and Wheelersburg sophomore J.J. Truitt. During his junior campaign, Fraulini averaged 16.3 ppg, 3.2 rpg, 1.7 apg, and 1.4 steals per game while also scoring 44 in a game earlier this year against Rock Hill, a Portsmouth High School record. Truitt's stellar sophomore season saw him average 10 ppg, 4.0 rpg, and 2.0 apg.
Minford seniors Kelton Kelley and Cameron Dalton both made appearances on the Division III third team, the lone Scioto Countians to do so. Kelley finished his senior season averaging 14.4 ppg, 5.3 rpg, and 2.2 spg, while Dalton averaged 13.4 ppg, 9.1 rpg, and 3.2 blocks per game during his senior season.
Scioto County's representatives on the Division III honorable mentions list include Minford's Darius Jordan, Northwest's Billy Crabtree, Portsmouth's Danny Lattimore, West's Jesse Johnson, Valley's Andrew Shope, and Wheelersburg' Connor Mullins.
In Division IV, South Webster senior Shiloah Blevins received Division IV player of the year and first team all-district honors after finishing his senior season averaging 19.0 ppg, 12.0 rpg, 4.0 apg, and 3.0 bpg.
New Boston's Adam Cox shared coach of the year co-coach of the year honors in Division IV with Josh Arey of Peebles after the Tigers finished the regular season 16-6 and a one seed in their sectional draw with a chance of winning the school's first district title since 1960 this Thursday in Athens.
Green senior Tanner Kimbler and New Boston sophomore Kyle Sexton joined Blevins on the all-district first team. Kimbler averaged 20.2 ppg, 2.5 apg, 2.4 rpg, and 1.2 spg during his senior season. Sexton averaged 20.4 ppg, 16.2 rpg, 3.0 spg, 5.0 apg, and 1.5 bpg during his sophomore season.
On the all-district second team was New Boston's Tyler Caldwell who finished his senior season averaging 18.7 ppg, 7.1 rpg, 3.9 apg, and 1.7 bpg. Notre Dame senior Ben Mader joined Caldwell on the second team by averaging 14.5 ppg, 2.4 rpg, 2.0 apg, and 1.0 spg during his senior season. East's Will Shope and Kyle Flannery joined Mader and Caldwell on the second team. Shope averaged 17.1 ppg, 4.1 apg, and 3.9 rpg during his senior year while Flannery averaged 20.1 ppg and 3.5 rpg. Green junior Gage Sampson joined the others on the second team all-district list by averaging 19.0 ppg while shooting 57% from the field, 11 rpg, 1.5 apg, and 1.4 spg.
Clay's Hunter Mathias, Green's Tayte Carver, New Boston's Grady Jackson, Notre Dame's Jackson Clark, East's Austin Smith, and South Webster's Brayden Bockway all were named to the Division IV honorable mentions list for District 14.
https://www.portsmouth-dailytimes.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2019/03/web1_shiloah_blevins_POTY.jpgSouth Webster senior Shiloah Blevins received district player of the year honors in the District 14 Division IV awards released Wednesday morning. Ed Litteral | Daily Times
https://www.portsmouth-dailytimes.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/28/2019/03/web1_DSCF9684.jpgWheelersburg senior Tanner Holden received district player of the year honors in the District 14 Division III awards released Wednesday morning. Photo courtesy of Terry Stevenson
Hi! A visitor to our site felt the following article might be of interest to you: 26 Scioto Countians named all-district. Here is a link to that story: https://www.portsmouth-dailytimes.com/sports/36068/26-scioto-countians-named-all-district


text:
NJ looks to mandate practice hours for young drivers
Dino Flammia
Dino Flammia Published: January 19, 2023
XiFotos
🚘 Practice hours are required to obtain a permit, but not a license
🚘 Forty-seven states require a certain number of supervised driving hours
🚘 NJ lawmakers want to require that minors log dozens of hours behind the wheel
That newly licensed driver in the next lane may have not had any practice over the past six months, or even longer.
But a panel of New Jersey lawmakers has unanimously voted to advance a measure that would force young motorists to undergo a certain number of practice hours before they can get their hands on an actual driver's license.
How many practice driving hours are required in New Jersey?
Young wannabe drivers in New Jersey need to complete six hours of behind-the-wheel instruction by a licensed provider before receiving a permit.
But after that, the practice requirements end. Permit holders are encouraged to practice supervised driving for at least six months.
New Jersey is one of just three states that do not require teen permit holders to log a certain number of supervised driving hours in order to be eligible for a license.
NJ may require a certain number of practice driving hours
On Thursday, the Assembly Transportation and Independent Authorities Committee approved a proposed law that would require permit holders under the age of 21 to complete at least 50 hours of supervised practice driving. Ten of those hours would have to occur when the sun is down.
"Under the current system, it seems to easy to get a probationary license," Zoe Gilson, a senior at West Orange High School, told the committee.
Gilson said she herself chose not to apply for a probationary license on her 17th birthday, because she knew she wasn't ready to drive alone.
"I was too scared to accelerate, couldn't make left turns, and had trouble staying in my lane," she said.
Under the bill, the adult who's supervising the young driver would have to certify that the 50 hours of practice driving were completed. The Motor Vehicle Commission would be able to suspend the driving privileges of an individual who submits a fraudulent certification.
A similar proposal was approved by the Senate and Assembly transportation committees in 2021.
Should New Jersey require practice driving hours?
Eduard Titov, ThinkStock
Nationwide, more than 2,200 people were killed in crashes involving a teen driver in 2022, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The agency says it's a good idea for parents or guardians to keep a daily log of their teen's driving activities.
"Novice teen drivers rarely crash while they are being supervised by adults, but have the highest crash rates of all age groups during the first six months of unsupervised driving when they become fully licensed," NHTSA says.
The states that do require a certain amount of practice time for permit holders usually call for 40 to 50 hours behind the wheel.
In 2021, 29 of the 368 drivers killed in crashes throughout New Jersey were between the ages of 16 and 20, according to New Jersey State Police.
Deadliest county, month, and hour for New Jersey's roads
Both the number of fatal crashes (667) and the number of road fatalities (697) were the highest levels recorded since 2007 in New Jersey.
"When we reach a 15-year high of traffic fatalities, with most of them being avoidable, we need to do better," Tracy Noble, speaking on behalf of AAA, told the Assembly panel. "We need to put the work in. We need to have our children put the work in."
Dino Flammia is a reporter for New Jersey 101.5. You can reach him at dino.flammia@townsquaremedia.com
Source: NJ looks to mandate practice hours for young drivers


It'll cost a lot more up front, but it's a good deal anyway.
Good news, kids! Your hip Uncle Sprint is out to prove it's hella fresher than all those other whack service providers. Is this the cool way to say that? Sprint is the Miley Cyprus and Jason Beaver of the phone world! Twitter at me L8R, okay?!
Anyway, the headline is that Sprint is giving students – any students, from elementary school to higher education – free service for a year when they purchase a qualifying phone.
"Service" means unlimited voice minutes, unlimited text messages and one gigabyte of data for smartphones. You can add unlimited data for $10 more a month; non-smartphones get unlimited data thrown in.
Now for the fine print. You'll need to go to a Best Buy store to sign up for this (not a big deal), and you'll need to pay way more than you're used to paying for a phone (kind of a big deal).
Click here to see the entire list of eligible phones and their prices. Just for reference, the iPhone 5s starts at $700, the iPhone 5c starts at $600, the Galaxy S4 starts at $650 and the HTC One starts at $600. You'll have to pay a one-time $36 activation fee, too.
If you can afford that initial outlay, though, this is a wheel of a deal. After the first year is up, the cost of the plan will go up to $70 a month, but you're not locked into a two-year agreement like usual. Cancel your service in time, and you'll be fine.


The Sussex H Frame Studio Easel from Loxley is a solid and well designed easel that is ideal for studio and college use. The lower canvas rest features a shelf to hold brushes and paint tuves for easy access while painting, and can be adjusted in height with the use of a metal ratchet.
This easel has a completely adjustable angle and can also be folded flat when not in use. Maximum canvas height: 135.5cm.
The Sussex H Frame Studio Easel measures 187cm in height and weighs 6.85kg.


Jeffrey D'Anza is a design consultant with Nationwide Insurance, focusing on the creation of eLearning and media-based learning solutions (graphic design, video, and audio). Jeff has been a member of the adult learning community for almost a decade, working as both a facilitator and designer for the Nationwide Claims Training Organization. Recently, Jeff and his team won the Society of Insurance Trainers and Educators (SITE) Lois A. Markovich Innovation Award for the creation of a virtual onboarding platform. Jeff holds a BA in history, an MA in organizational management, and an MBA.


Michael Adams – Visit Britain Rocks!
Wales is a seriously inspirational experience, small in size yet big in personality. You're sure to get a warm 'Croeso' Welcome.Vibrant market towns and cities, 3 National Parks including Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in England, Ireland and Wales. As well as over 750 miles of stunning coastline, and more castles per square mile than anywhere else in the world!
A passion for adventure? Then look no further. Wales is Britain's sports and activity capital, choose from walking, climbing, top class mountain biking, and exhilarating adventure sports such as wakeboarding, coasteering, canyoning, and surfing.
LONDON's totally happening. From hundreds of museums and galleries, radical architecture and trendy markets, to a city with the biggest and most diverse club scene in Europe – LONDON just won't stay still. If that's not enough, our city also has the hippest stores and restaurants and the liveliest hostel scene in the world – all at fantastic prices.
Check out visitlondon.com for our totally different suggestions of what to do when you get here.


International Ocean Law is an introductory volume for a law school course that focuses on international law of the sea. Authors McDorman, Bolla, Johnston, and Duff bring together the important provisions of international treaties, international court and arbitration cases, and selected government documents (including statutes) and interlace them with commentary and excerpts.
The concentration on commentaries and textual material rather than cases, statutes, and treaty provisions (although some of these are present) is particularly appropriate for an introductory course. The volume deals with the building blocks of international ocean law. For students, this means that it covers the fundamental aspects of the law of the sea while alerting them to complex related issues that are also part of understanding international ocean law. This volume is equally usable by novice and experienced professors of Ocean Law.


text:
IORMA Webinar: Online v Classroom
Online v Classroom Learning - Will this disruption create new opportunities
Thursday, 17 September 2020 at 14.00 BST
Offering students a variety of learning modes is nothing new, but the pandemic has made classroom learning so difficult, that academics have been forced to come up with alternative and innovative ways of teaching. We have teamed up with IORMA Africa to share initiatives in the UK and Africa, to discover what new ways of teaching have proved successful.
Universities globally are facing challenges like never before. How can they compete with companies offering educational courses which don't have the overheads of large campuses nor the cost of research? How will the traditional university model survive? Or are we seeing a fundamental re-evaluation of universities?
Join our distinguished panel drawn from the UK, Singapore and Africa to discuss these exciting developments
Register to join the webinar.
Juliana Olayinka, Director, IORMA Africa is a broadcast journalist bolstering the African narrative from within the diaspora. She has contributed to output in the world's leading newsrooms including Bloomberg, BBC, Thomson Reuters and ITN. Currently Juliana is the host of the weekly Business show 'Channels Business Global' airing on Channels Television, Nigeria's largest network.
Among the panel is Dr David Tann, Dean of the School of Architecture, Computing and Engineering at the University of East London. He is an experienced academic and practitioner with leadership and management responsibilities, having had various professional, teaching and managerial roles in industries and universities in Wales, Scotland and London since the late 1980s. His research interests are in the areas of numerical modelling, sustainable development, and strengthening of degraded concrete structures using fibre reinforced polymer composites. He is a Chartered Engineer, Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy; and visiting professor of South China University of Technology and Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture.
Click here to for the full list of panel members.
For more information about IORMA's series of webinars and the opportunities to speak in and sponsor, go to the IORMA events page.


text:
Q: MSBuild and Web Deployment Project external dependencies First time MSBuild/CI setup.  I've got all my class libraries building, but am getting hung up on a web deployment project.  This requires several binaries that are to be copied from a sibling folder.  The folder contains other binaries that I do not want copied; I just want what it needs and nothing more.
The csproj files specify the binaries with a handy "hintpath" so I can point them to the right place.  This doesn't seem to be present in the wdproj.
My preference is not to add them to subversion in the web site's bin directory.
What's the secret sauce?

A: I hesitate to answer my own question this way but since nobody else seems to have any ideas... I switched the site being compiled from a Web Site to a Web Application Project.  That's introduced its own problems, but at least now I don't have to keep a bin folder in subversion.


text:
Q: PHP How to use header statement in this error() I'm trying to use header function inside error(),i commented all the code that is there in this function and inserted header() but it is not working.
Here is the link http://www.htmlgoodies.com/beyond/php/article.php/3877766/Web-Developer-How-To-Upload-Images-Using-PHP.htm
If there are no error then an insert statement should execute.How do i do this in the URL code ?
Update
function error($error, $location, $seconds = 5)
{
   header("Location:test.php");
}

INSERT into table; This query should execute only when there are no errors.How would i do this ?

A: Dirty fix:
function error($error, $location, $seconds = 5)
{

    $urlToRedirect = $location . '?error_message=' . urlencode($error) ;
    header('Location: ' . $urlToRedirect);
    exit;

}

A better solution would be to create an array for error messages like so:
$errorMessages = array(
    'incorrect_login' => 'Incorrect login credentials.',
    'restricted' => 'Restricted page.'
);

Then rewrite your error function and get rid of the seconds parameter, since you're no longer using a refresh (personally, I'd get rid of the location parameter as well, so that all error redirects point towards the same page):
function error($error, $location)
{
    $urlToRedirect = $location . '?error_message=' . $error ;
    header('Location: ' . $urlToRedirect);
    exit;
}

Then, call the function like so:
error('restricted', 'error.php');

Then, on the page you want to display your errors:
if(isset($_GET['error_message']) && array_key_exists($_GET['error_message'], $errorMessages)){
    echo $errorMessages[$_GET['error_message']];
}

A: Try this::
function error($error, $location, $seconds = 5)
    {
        header('Refresh: '.$seconds.'; url=' . $location);

    $content .= <<< END

            <title>Upload error</title>

Upload failure

An error has occurred:
                    $error
        The upload form is reloading

END;

        echo $content;

        exit;
    } // end error handler


text:
Le mot incinération peut faire référence à :
 l'incinération ou crémation de corps : technique funéraire visant à brûler, pour réduire en cendres, le corps d'un être humain mort ;
 L'incinération de déchets : technique de gestion des déchets consistant à les réduire en cendre.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"On July 1, 2013, Dan LaBotz filed this new lawsuit against the Federal Election Commission in U.S. District Court in Washington, D.C. This is the second time LaBotz has sued. He won the first case, which is LaBotz v FEC, 889 F.Supp.2d 51 (September 5, 2012). In the first decision, the court ordered to FEC to re-examine his complaint against the Ohio News Organization, which sponsored U.S. Senate general election debates in 2010 and invited only the Democrat and Republican, and had no objective criteria explaining how candidates might qualify for the debates. The Ohio News Organization is a corporation, and corporations can't contribute to candidates for federal office. So by hosting a debate with no objective criteria, the Ohio News Organization was making a corporate contribution to the two candidates that were invited, Rob Portman and Lee Fisher...."
"New Jersey is one of the 31 states that asks voters on the voter registration form to choose a party, or independent status. However, New Jersey has a very strange policy to determine which parties voters can join, on voter registration forms. For the last 93 years, the only qualified parties in New Jersey have been the Democratic and Republican Parties. Until 2001, no one could register in New Jersey except as a Democrat, a Republican, or an independent. In 2001 the New Jersey State Appeals Court ruled that voters must be allowed to register into parties that are not qualified, but which regularly place nominees on the ballot. Unqualified parties do that by submitting petitions for their nominees; the ballots contain the names of those unqualified parties, next to the names of their nominees...."
"In addition to Republican incumbent Chris Christie and Democratic state senator Barbara Buono, there seven minor party candidates running in New Jersey's gubernatorial election on November 5, 2013, six of them on the ballot and the seventh mounting a write-in campaign.... Maynor Moreno - Socialist Party NJ - (state college student ineligible to be governor due to age) - write-in...."