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Juan Blánquez Pérez es catedrático de Arqueología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, conocido también como El Profe Pana, es uno de los profesores más carismáticos de esta universidad tan penosa. Odia a los aficionados del Atlético de Madrid y del Athletic de Bilbao. Sus líneas de investigación son: Arqueología del  mundo ibérico (mundo funerario y escultura), la Arqueología fenicio-púnica (arquitectura y urbanismo), la Historiografía de la Arqueología española (legados documentales y fotografía antigua) y Patrimonio y Museología.

Biografía

Premio Extraordinario Fin de Carrera y Doctor en Arqueología por la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), en 1986. En la actualidad, es catedrático de Arqueología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, director del Máster Arqueología y Patrimonio de la UAM e Investigador Responsable de la Unidad Asociada ANTA, en convenio entre el CSIC –a través de su Instituto de Arqueología- y la citada UAM, dentro de su Campus de Excelencia.

Director, desde 2006, del Grupo de Investigación de la UAM sobre Arqueología y Fotografía. Historia de la Arqueología en España (ArqFoHEs), (HUM/F-003). Desde 2012 es Miembro Correspondiente del Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (DAI) de Madrid.

Miembro del Instituto de Estudios Albacetenses (1984). En 1985 obtuvo el Título Internacional de Buceo Subacuático, concedido por la Confederation Mondiale des Activites Subaquatiques y, desde 1994, también miembro de la Office Internacional de la Vigne et du Vin (O.I.V.), en París.

Forma parte del Comité Científico de diferentes revistas científicas como CuPAUAM y Sinus Carteiensis, ambas editadas en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid UAM, Fonaments, de la Universidad de Barcelona, Cuadernos de la Universidad de Granada o de la Revista de Estudios Avanzados, de la Universidad Santiago de Chile (USACH).

Creador y director de las monografías editadas en la Serie Varia (UAM) y de la Revista de Estudios Ibéricos (REIb) que, en breve, retomará su continuidad, en coedición, entre la Universidad Autónoma y el Centro de Estudios Ibéricos de la Comunidad de Murcia.

Director de más de una treintena de congresos y seminarios, tanto nacionales como internacionales y Comisario de más de una quincena de exposiciones sobre diferentes aspectos relacionados con la Cultura Ibérica, Fotografía Antigua o Historiografía de la Arqueología española campos, todos ellos, en los que ha desarrollado sus investigaciones en los últimos 30 años.

Autor o Editor Científico de más de 25 monografías atentas a las líneas de investigación que, bien ha desarrollado (Arqueología Subacuática) o en las que, actualmente, sigue trabajando: Culturas Ibérica y Púnica, Fotografía Antigua e Historiografía de la Arqueología Española y Patrimonio y Puesta en Valor.

Desde 1991 ha dirigido siete proyectos de investigación I+D+i, así como otros proyectos, bien promovidos de la Comunidad de Madrid, a través de su Consejería de Educación y Cultura, o a través de la Agencia Estatal de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID), del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores en temas relacionados con las líneas de investigación antes citadas.

Entre 1981 hasta 1993, ha dirigido sucesivas excavaciones en yacimientos ibéricos (poblados ibéricos y necrópolis ibéricas) de la provincia de Albacete. Entre 1985 y 1992, elaboró la Carta Arqueológica Subacuática de la costa de Almería  aprobada por el Ministerio de Cultura y, posteriormente, por la Junta de Andalucía al recibir ésta las competencias en Cultura, única en su género completada y publicada en España hasta la fecha.

En la actualidad es Director de Campo y Subdirector del Proyecto Carteia, aprobado por la citada Junta de Andalucía y vigente desde 1994 hasta la actualidad (Fases I y II) y miembro del equipo de investigación de I+D+i (coordinado) Modelos constructivos y urbanísticos de la arquitectura de Hispania: definición, evolución y difusión del periodo romano a la Tardía Antigüedad (HAR2012-36963-C05-01 y HAR2012-36963-C05-00) bajo la dirección de Prof.  Lourdes Roldán Gómez (UAM).

Bibliografía
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (dir.) (2003): Cerámicas orientalizantes del Museo de Cabra. Ayuntamiento de Cabra. ISBN 84-932656-7-5.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. y RODRÍGUEZ NUERE B. (eds. cients.) (2004): El arqueólogo Juan Cabré (1882-1947). La fotografía como técnica documental (contiene CD). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Ministerio de Cultura (IPHE), (2.ª Ed., corregida y aumentada, Ed. Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia: 2006), (3.ª Ed. Gobierno de Aragón: 2006) ISBN 84-930824-6-5.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. y PÉREZ RUIZ Mª. (eds. cients.) (2004): Antonio García y Bellido. Miscelánea. Serie Varia n.º 5.Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Consejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación de la Comunidad de Madrid y Museo de San Isidro. ISBN 84-930824-7-3.
 Blánquez PÉREZ J.; ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. y JIMÉNEZ VIALÁS H.(eds.cients.)(2006): Augusto Fernández de Avilés. En Homenaje. Serie Varia n.º 6.Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Consejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación de la Comunidad de Madrid. ISBN 84-930824-8-1.
 ROLDÁN GÓMEZ  L.; BENDALA GALÁN M.; BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. y MTEZ. LILLO  S. (dirs.)(2006): Estudio histórico-arqueológico de la Ciudad de Carteia (San Roque, Cádiz) 1994-1999. Monografías de Arqueología Andaluza. Colección Arqueología n.º 24. (2 vol. y CD). Consejería de Educación y Cultura, Junta de Andalucía. ISBN 84-8266-593-6.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J.; GONZÁLEZ REYERO S. y ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. (eds. cients.)(2008): La Cámara de Toya y la arquitectura monumental ibérica. Serie Varia n.º 7.Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Ayuntamiento de Peal de Becerro.ISBN 978-84-930824-9-9
 ADROHER AUROUX A. Mª y BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (eds. cfcos.) (2008):   Congreso Internacional de Arqueología Ibérica Bastetana. Serie Varia n.º 9. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Universidad de Granada. ISBN 978-84-930824-8-2.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (ed. cient.) (2011): ¿Hombres o Dioses? Una nueva mirada a la escultura del mundo ibérica. Museo Arqueológico Regional de la Comunidad de Madrid. ISBN 84-451-3391-8.
 ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. y BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (eds.)(2011): Carteia III. Memorial. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid,  Consejería de Educación y Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía y CEPSA. ISBN 978-84-8344-167-1, ISBN (obra completa): 978-84-8344-168-8.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J.;  ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. y BERNAL CASASOLA D. (coords.) (2011): Un arqueólogo gaditano en la Villa y Corte El magisterio del profesor Manuel Bendala Galán a través de sus tesis doctorales (1986-2011). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Universidad de Cádiz. ISBN (UAM): 978-84-8344-214-2, ISBN (UC): 978-84-9828-368-6.
 ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. y BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (eds. cients.) (2012): Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla y el descubrimiento arqueológico de Carteia (1953-1961).UAM Ediciones y Trébede Ediciones. ISBN 9788483443279
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J.;  CELESTINO PÉREZ S.; ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L.; BERNEDO P. y SANFUENTES ECHEVERRÍA O.  (coords.) (2012): Ensayo en torno al patrimonio cultural y desarrollo sostenible en Chile y en España. Cuadernos Solidarios, n.º 9.UAM Ediciones, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, con la colaboración del Instituto de Arqueología de Mérida (IAM-CSIC, MAEC-AECID y Embajada de Chile). ISBN 978-84-8344-347-7.
 CELESTINO PÉREZ S. y BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J. (eds. cients.) (2013): Patrimonio cultural de la vid y el vino. Vine and wine cultural heritage (y CD con Comunicaciones). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid e Instituto de Arqueología (CSIC-Gobierno de Extremadura). ISBN 978-84-8344-352-1.
 BLÁNQUEZ PÉREZ J.; ROLDÁN GÓMEZ L. y POLAK G. (eds. cients.) (e.p.): Un álbum para el recuerdo: 100 imágenes del Legado documental de Juan y Mª Encarnación Cabré. Serie Varia n.º 12.

Referencias

Historiadores de España del siglo XX
Arqueólogos de España del siglo XX
Arqueólogos de España del siglo XXI
Personas relacionadas con la arqueología fenicio-púnica

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Home » Motorola Moto Z4 Review
Motorola Moto Z4 Review
Mayank July 6, 2019
Motorola takes another turn in its Mod-compatible series with the Moto Z4. As the name clearly indicates, this is the fourth generation Z device and with that Motorola steps back and shifts a bit of gear. Instead of a real flagship phone, Motorola throws the Z4 as an affordable premium device. It costs hundreds of dollars less than flagships from Apple, LG, Samsung and even OnePlus. Here is our Moto Z4 Review.
Verizon is the only courier that offers the Moto Z4 in the United States and sells it with Motorola's 5G Mod. Is the 5G upgrade sufficient to prove that Motorola is still moving in the right direction with its Moto Z line?
Moto Z4 Review – Design
158 x 75 x 7.35mm
MicroSD expandable storage
Aluminum chassis
2.5D Gorilla Glass 3
Single speaker
To adapt to the Moto Mods, the Moto Z4 retains roughly the same dimensions and shape as its predecessors, with only subtle differences between the Moto Z and even the first generation Moto Z. In short: there's nothing we have ever had seen. The Moto Z4 has an aluminum frame sandwiched between two Gorilla Glass 3 panels. The glass bends along the edges where it touches the frame. Motorola only slightly increased the thickness of the Z4 to accommodate a larger battery. I'm not going to complain about it. You can get the Z4 in Flash Gray or Frost White.
I appreciate all ports, buttons, and controls. The volume button and screen lock key are located high up on the right side of the phone. I found them easy to use and the action is perfect. A drawer that is inserted into the top edge has a double load and holds both the SIM card and the microSD memory card. The USB-C port and (huzzah!) 3.5 mm headphone jack fill the bottom. Moto's Z-series devices all have perfectly flat rear panels and the Z4 is no different. The rear glass feels very smooth thanks to the fine shine. A large, round module on the top contains the single camera, flash and sensor array. Copper contacts are close to the bottom.
The arrangement of these two components has defined the Moto Z line since the beginning. Mods rely on the camera module for basic positioning and the copper contacts for communication between the Mod and the telephone itself. Motorola has made a change this year that I find puzzling. The aluminum frame faces inwards, which produces two effects: 1. It makes the Z4 the most comfortable Z-phone that you can still hold and use without Sans Mod; and 2. This means that Mods do not fit as seamlessly on the Z4 as older Z devices. Let's talk about this.
The Moto Mods are the whole appeal of devices from the Z series. The phones themselves are thin, light and good looking. The Mods offer functions such as a projector, a 360-degree camera or a set of speakers. Motorola has done a fantastic job of designing and designing the Mods that stay in place thanks to magnets. Mods followed seamlessly on the rear panel – up to the Z4.
Finally, Motorola has again made water resistant, a fun-to-have, not a must-have function. The inside of the Moto Z4 is sprayed with a water-repellent material that must protect the silicon against small amounts of moisture (sweat or rain). It is not waterproof and cannot be submerged.
Moto Z4 Review – Display
6.39-inch Full HD+ AMOLED
19.5:9 aspect ratio
1,000,000:1 contrast ratio
I don't think it's a challenge to call the Moto Z4 display the best I've seen on a Motorola device. It is large, pixel-rich and incredibly colorful. The huge contrast ratio of the AMOLED panel ensures that you get the blackest blacks and the brightest whites. It is a nice display and rivals phones that cost hundreds more.
The 19.5: 9 aspect ratio means that the screen fills almost the entire front. Although the footprint of the Z4 is basically the same as that of the first Moto Z phone a few years ago, Motorola virtually eliminated the edges to create a seamless experience. The camera facing the user is located at the top in a tear-shaped notch. The notch is so small that it is almost imperceptible and the fronts of the forehead and chin are kept under control.
Biometrics is hidden behind the screen. Motorola opted for an in-display fingerprint sensor, instead of cramming one in the chin. Training the in-display sensor is the same as training another, and it only takes a moment. I found the reader to be reliable, but it took half a second to verify my print. The animation that appears when reading your print comes directly from a science fiction movie. Motorola did well by adapting its Moto Z platform for today's all-screen look.
Moto Z4 Review – Software
Android 9 Pie
Motorola software has taken the lead for years. The company has a mainly stock build of Android, with the slightest improvements that improve the experience of daily use and use of the phone. It's the simple things. Cut the phone in twice to turn on the flashlight. Turn your wrist twice to start the camera. Turn the phone over to switch on Do Not Disturb. Motorola was one of the first with the always-on display and it continues to lead with a flexible tool that gives you just the right amount of information at the right time.
The one-button navigation system from Motorola is much better than Google's own Pie nav tool. Users can choose to use the traditional three-button control or a single bar. With the latter, people need to learn a few simple, thumb-based gestures that allow you to seamlessly go from app to app. Every other telephone manufacturer only needs to copy this. Although the Z4 is not an Android One device, Motorola attaches great importance to system updates. Users can expect to see system updates for two years and security updates for three years. That is all you can ask for.
Moto Z4 Review – Audio
Bluetooth 5 with aptX HD
The jacket is back! Motorola left out the standard 3.5 mm headphone jack of the Moto Z3 last year and fans were not happy. The company took the criticism to heart and brought the jacket back to its 2019 Z4. I plugged in my best earplugs and came away satisfied with the clarity and quality of the sound. Too bad that the phone is not delivered with a few simple buttons. The Z4 also supports the advanced aptX HD Bluetooth audio codec, which delivers clean tones to your headphones.
Whether you have passed your commuter traffic peacefully or are stuck in the gym, the Bluetooth radio has covered you 30 feet. I am not happy with the speaker situation. Motorola has long opted to rely on one loudspeaker for its devices. The earpiece speaker, crammed between the glass and the metal frame, handles calls and music and does not perform particularly well. It is clear to me that Motorola has not put much effort into the internal speaker thanks to the availability of detachable speaker mods.
Moto Z4 Review – Performance
Octa-core 2.0GHz
The implementation is a bit uneven, sorry. Where the first Moto Z phone was a real flagship, the current Moto Z4 is more of a high-end mid-range. The Z4 has a Snapdragon 600 series processor instead of a Snapdragon 800 series processor, and I can distinguish the difference not only in benchmarks but also in daily use.
I have taken the Moto Z4 as my daily driver during a recent business trip. Things were not 100 percent from the beginning. Sometimes apps crashed or did not load at all. I suffer from app hangouts and RAM-intensive apps such as the camera were sensitive to slow behavior. Graphic games such as Asphalt brought the phone to its knees. The benchmarks set only a few criteria for these experiences.
Geekbench 4 scores showed 1,953 for single-core performance and 5,932 for multi-core performance. This put the Z4 firmly behind flagships from the 2017 era, such as the Galaxy S8, Note 8 and Pixel 2. 3DMark scores were clearly worse. The phone scored 1,044 on the OpenGL ES 3.1 test and 1,063 on the Vulkan test. That 1,044 placed the Z4 behind 63 percent of the phones in the 3DMark database. The valuation of the Vulkan was even worse, so the Z4 was placed on no less than 75 percent of the phones. AnTuTu resulted in a score of 170,807, leaving the Z4 behind 58 percent of the field.
Moto Z4 Review – Camera
48MP sensor with 12MP output
f/1.7 aperture, 1.6um pixel size
OIS, PDAF, laser autofocus
CCT dual-LED flash
25MP sensor with 6.25MP output
Quad Pixel technology
f/2.0 aperture
0.9um pixel size
Motorola is firmly committed to the idea that one camera is good enough. Whereas most of the competition has been switched to systems with two cameras, the Moto Z4 has only one sensor at the rear. It is a whopper with a speed of 48 MP, but it is omitted up to 12 MP for better performance in low light.
The results are unfortunately everywhere on the map. As you can see in some of the images below, bright sunlight provided a lot of contrast despite the fact that the automatic HDR tool was on. For example, the shadows in the first bridge image are completely lost. Details and focus are fairly everywhere, but exposure and white balance are inconsistent. I had a hard time avoiding the halo effect when there was a strong light source nearby (like, you know, the sun).
I took a few pictures of myself with the front camera and you can see the dramatically different results. The first batch is in normal mode. The beauty filter of the phone made a mess of my face (I look like a mannequin!), But the exposure is good and the details in the background are great. When I tried selfie portrait mode instead, it did a ridiculous job and cut an outline around my head and marred the background. These are embarrassingly bad.
The different shooting modes are fun. The Spot Color tool did not do a terrible job and functions such as cinematography and live filter can lead to nice results. The video camera gives you access to slow-motion and time-lapse, and that's all I need. You can capture video up to 4K, but the Full HD results are the best option.
I was hoping for something more from Motorola and the camera from the Z4. It is not a terrible camera, but it does not compete well enough with today's middle-class drivers.
Moto Z4 Review – Battery Life
3,600mAh Lithium-ion
Motorola 15W TurboPower
If one thing about the Moto Z4 impressed me, it was the battery life. I used the phone extensively during my recent business trip and it went very far. Literally. The first day of my trip was long. I disconnected the Z4 at a quarter to three when I left for the airport. I used the phone all day in Newark, Chicago, and Atlanta before finally putting it back in my hotel room in Dallas at 2:45 PM to charge it. During that 24-hour period, the phone gave me more than seven hours of Screen-On time and he still had 37 percent in the tank. You can't ask for much more than that.
On what most people would call an "ordinary" day, the Z4 pushed from breakfast to bedtime without getting into a sweat. In that time I used the Z4 to check email, get angry with Twitter, rate Instagram and manage my slack. The Z4 flowed on easily without diving below 50 percent. Motorola says the phone can last up to two days, and I think that's a good claim. The charging speeds were excellent via the included charger. Connect the Moto Z4 for 15 minutes and you will get a battery life of seven to eight hours.
That is perfect if you come from work on Friday afternoon and have a quick turnaround before your evening plans start. Motorola has made the battery life a priority and it shows. Finally, wireless charging is not available for the Z4 alone. If you want to spend an extra $ 50 extra on Motorola's Wireless Charging Mod, then you are ready to go. I hate having to throw extra dough to get a feature that so many other devices have already built in.
Moto Z4 Review – Conclusion
After spending more than a week with the Motorola Moto Z4, I can't help feeling that it's a placeholder, the lowest denominator of a commitment. It is as if Motorola is obliged to Verizon to make another generation of Mod-compatible Z-phones, and this is what we got. Motorola is entering the water, keeping its head above water but not necessarily moving forward to the coast. The Z4 is not a flagship like its predecessors, despite wearing their brand. It is a more real successor to the Z3 Play than the Z3 and even then has a number of compromises that are hard to overlook.
What are the reasons for buying this phone? The great screen, the battery life shortened, and the excellent Android experience. Do share your thoughts on our Moto Z4 Review in the comments box.
Moto Z4 Review Rating – 7/10
The Motorola Moto Z4 is the latest phone that is compatible with the company's Moto Mods series of snap-on accessories. The Moto Z4 only makes sense if you have already invested in Motorola's Moto Mods ecosystem, or if you want to swirl the 5G Mod on Verizon.
Impressive display
Incredible battery life
Moto Mods add features
Excellent software
Middling camera
Uneven performance
Not truly water resistant
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Lost Media – EA's Alternate Reality Game About Conspiracies, Majestic January 29, 2022
Posted by Maniac in Lost Media, Site Videos.
Maniac discusses a completely unremembered game from the year 2000, Majestic. Published by EA and priced like an MMO, Majestic had no game engine or executable. Players received phone calls, video messages emails and faxes, all to assist or hinder them in their quest to protect themselves and their in-game allies from whatever was coming.
Five episodes and a demo were released over the course of the game's lifespan. They ranged in length from three to six days of real-time gameplay each and could not be replayed once completed. A second season was announced after the fifth episode concluded, but was cancelled due to low subscription numbers of the first season. Since it's release, no one remembers it, and since most of its gameplay revolves around streaming video messages, emails, faxes and phone calls, next to nothing of the game was preserved.
What was the game about, and where might this content be? Let's let our host tell you a story.


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Home > Press Releases > Georgia Southern students win Student Production EMMY® Awards
Georgia Southern students win Student Production EMMY® Awards
Holden Galatas, Shelby Head and Bradon Holder accept a Student Production EMMY® for Best Sports – Live Events at the 2018 Regional Southeast EMMY® Awards.
The Regional Southeast EMMY® chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences has recognized Georgia Southern University students with Student Production EMMY® Awards.
The Multimedia Development Center (MDC) student production team received an EMMY® for Sports – Live Events, Fairfield vs. Georgia Southern Baseball. Holden Galatas, anchor for this event, also received an individual award in the Talent category.
"I'm so excited to have received this honor," said Galatas. "I never really thought this would be occurring in this stage of my career. This has been a team effort since we started."
Shelby Head, Bradon Holder, Jayden Moss, Robert Jackson, Sterling Mattison and Robert Ross won a Student Production EMMY® Arts and Entertainment/Cultural Affairs for the production of the "Strings at Southern Chamber Music Festival."
"Working at the MDC has provided me with an unsurpassed professional experience in the broadcast and video production field," said Holder. "I have been presented with numerous opportunities to grow and augment my major of electrical engineering with this educational experience. I can't thank Georgia Southern enough for this opportunity."
The Southeast Student EMMY® awards encourage the pursuit of excellence in video production and focuses public attention on outstanding achievements produced by high school and college students.
"We are very proud of our students for winning these awards," said Art Berger, director of the MDC. "This year we've had many outstanding students who have worked very hard to achieve a true professional level with our live productions, and it has paid off for them. As a staff member at Georgia Southern University it is rewarding for me and all of our team to serve as mentors and to provide this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, watching our students grow, graduate and obtain outstanding media industry jobs."
The MDC, a division of University Advancement and External Affairs, provides students with media training and hands-on experience that they can then translate into real-world opportunities. Students run cameras, direct, produce and manage over 100 live events each year on ESPN3 and other national televised broadcasts.
The Regional Southeast EMMY® Chapter is one of 19 chapters throughout the United States identifying and celebrating television excellence at the local and regional level of The National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. This chapter represents television professionals from all disciplines of the industry and from each of its markets in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina and North Carolina.


Ok I am using altafsir(contact admin if its a beneficial link) to get some better insight from the verses in the Quran. Right now I'm wondering if there are better sites for tasfirs because I cannot even understand the tafsirs I reading from this site.
God has not placed two hearts inside any man: [this was revealed] in order to refute those disbelievers who said that they each had two hearts with which they could reason better than Muhammad's single mind; nor has He made your wives whom (read as allā'ī, or allā') you repudiate by zihār (read tazzahharūna, or tuzāhirūna; the original tā' [of tatazāharūna] has been assimilated with the zā') — a man would say to his wife for example, 'You are for me as [untouchable as] my mother's back' — your mothers, in other words, [He has not made you wives] like [your] mothers, so that they are illicit [for conjugality] in that respect, [a practice] which in pre-Islamic times was considered a [valid form of] divorce. An atonement with [necessary] conditions is necessary in such a case, as mentioned in sūrat al-Mujādila [Q. 58:2-3]. Nor has He made those whom you claim as [adopted] sons (ad'iyā', the plural of da'iyy, which is one claimed as the son of one who is not his [biological] father) your sons, in reality. That is a mere utterance of your mouths, namely, [of] the Jews and the hypocrites. When the Prophet (s) married Zaynab bt. Jahsh, who had been Zayd b. Hāritha's wife, the adopted son of the Prophet (s), they said, 'Muhammad married his son's wife!', and so God proved them liars in this. But God speaks the truth, in this [matter], and He guides to the way, the way of truth.
The Pagan Arabs used to say to say to their wives that they are as their mothers' backs when they divorced them. God refuted and rebuked them by saying that this a saying from their mouths, i.e. an evil utterance which they came up with.
Is there a reason why pagan Arabs would have this saying?
1. Indeed Allah has heard the statement of her that disputes with you concerning her husband, and complains to Allah. And Allah hears the argument between you both. Verily, Allah is All-Hearer, All-Seer.
2. Those among you who make their wives unlawful to them by Zihar they cannot be their mothers. None can be their mothers except those who gave them birth. And verily, they utter an ill word and a lie. And verily, Allah is Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving.
3. And those who make unlawful to them (their wives) by Zihar and wish to free themselves from what they uttered, (the penalty) in that case is the freeing of a slave before they touch each other. That is an admonition to you. And Allah is All-Aware of what you do.
4. And he who finds not, must fast two successive months before they both touch each other. And he who is unable to do so, should feed sixty of the poor. That is in order that you may have perfect faith in Allah and His Messenger. These are the limits set by Allah. And for disbelievers, there is a painful torment.
Ahhhh this makes much more sense. Now I just have to re-read this surah to figure it all out. Thank you sister.
this seems like a pretty good site. Still some tafseer's on it are hard to follow. But I think I found one link out of the others that seem to have alot of good info.
Dr. Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din Al-Hilali, Ph.D.
It's written in easy English and it's better explained. I think you could get a hard copy for free, I don't know where.
Fourty-two selected sayings of the Prophet peace be upon him.
3.Explaining the fundamentals of Faith by Sheikh Muhammad ben Saleh Al-Othaymeen.
A booklet summarizing Islaamic monotheism.
The shield of the Muslim, a collection of prophetic invocations.
5. Fikh al ibaadaat by Cheikh Muhammad ben Saleh Al-Othaymeen.
How to pray, how to fast, etc..
Now there's a thing I must tell you about: You'll see brothers disobey Allah, you'll be discriminated because of your creed and you'll find a lot of other obstacles: Never be discouraged! Seek help from your Lord and follow your heart!


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GOD OF HONEYBEES PODCAST
Episode Resources
Episode 5: The Study of Consciousness
Watch the episode on YouTube here!
On this episode we've got updates from Spirit Fest in Anderson, Indiana and we are diving deep into the book, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind by Julian Jaynes.
Really quick, I'd like to thank the people that have signed up for the email newsletter. A while back I saw on Twitter, Tracy if you're listening or reading, that the sticker I sent out reached Tracy and I got tagged in a picture of it! That was awesome. I didn't realize how long it would take to get such a tiny envelope delivered but I'm glad it finally made it. If you want additional information on the content in these episodes, a readable, printable PDF copy of the episode, as well as a free God of Honeybees Podcast sticker or coaster sent to your door with a thank you note, sign up for free at godofhoneybees.com for the email newsletter.
Also I have got patreon up and running. One tier, 5 bucks a month to support the show if you feel like you are in a position to do so. The money will help keep the website alive and help me bring new ideas to you. If you are interested in the topics I'm diving into on the show, you will like my book. It goes deeper into some of the topics and ties them together into a fresh outlook on how we move through the world. Some quick updates on the book. Another author of whom I am a fan agreed to take a look at the book and let me know what they think. Also, I've received some positive early feedback from the one author that already has my book. We'll see if they like it enough to write a blurb for me. In October Patience Uhlman will be editing the book which I am really looking forward to. And I am currently working with David Provolo, a designer and art director, on the cover of the book. I got in contact with him through Reedsy.com, so I'll make sure to drop a link to his Reedsy profile in the show notes. Recently he sent me his updated version of the cover and I really like. It's got this vintage science book vibe; David said it's kind of like a DaVinci's notebook kind of look. Lastly, pre-orders. I am working on setting up a campaign on Publishizer which would allow you to get pre-order copies as well as some other little benefits, so if that comes through I will let you know. The other option I am looking at is just offering pre-orders through Amazon. Once it's ready to go I will let you know. In the meantime, if you have any info or experience in self publishing and how to go about pre orders, please reach out. I'd really appreciate it.
Let's start with Spirit Fest in Anderson, Indiana.
This event was a couple of weeks ago now, but I felt like reviewing our trip there. My wife and I were expecting booths representing different spiritual practices or maybe religions. Something centered around actual spiritual practice and exploration. Sadly, a majority of what we saw were booths selling handmade shit like jewelry or scarves or incense burners. One booth was selling hand made wood things, which of course was over priced. But my favorite thing they were selling was a slab of some log they lightly sanded, stained, and clear coated. It had to be at least an inch thick. They had it labeled as a "mouse pad" and were charging $25.00. Who the hell uses mouse pads any more? This isn't the 90's with rubber ball mice. And who would want their hand perched an inch in the air scraping against the rough hewn edges of a slab of log? Anyway, this was most of what we saw; over priced, spiritually oriented nick nacks. However, one booth my wife stopped at was Avalon Trading where we met Digby. He was up from Florida selling his products. When my wife was talking with him I was just a little ways down the sidewalk and she came back with a kick ass rock that Digby helped her find. Then I introduced myself to him and mentioned the podcast and he hooked me up with a little stained glass dragonfly. That was really nice of him and he was nice to talk to. So, while it was another booth selling goods, they looked like good products so I'll link to his business in the show notes. Digby, if you're listening, it was nice meeting you, keep up the good work.
Aside from the booths selling trinkets, there were a few booths centered around healing practices or psychics. I will say however, the Native American Experience seemed like bullshit. As I walked past there were a handful of people sitting on hay bales while a hillbilly lady dressed in native american attire explained that she was a feeler so she can feel things. And then it ended. So yeah.
What was most interesting about the festival wasn't the festival itself, but the place where it was hosted. This park in Anderson seems to be dedicated to spiritualism. As we walked around the park we came across permanent structures representing spiritual leaders, a labyrinth, and even a bookstore that was full of books for just about every alternative religion you could think of. From chakra healing, to meditation, to cults and wiccan rituals, it was all there. The park was essentially surrounded by houses and some of them had advertisements for psychics or things like that. So this park is literally dedicated to spiritualism which I think is really impressive for basically central Indiana. I wouldn't recommend spirit fest, but I would recommend checking out the park itself. I got a few pictures while I was there so I'll post those shortly.
One of the many handouts I was given was from the Fetzer Institute, which I will link to in the show notes. On the handout it had a link to get a free book from the foundation, so I of course did just that. I'll just give you a brief overview of the foundation since I think it's pretty interesting and then if I get a chance to dive into the book I might do an episode on it specifically. If you look at the Fetzer institutes website you'll find a learn more button right on the first page. Here is a snippet of what seems to be their mission statement: "We, the people, have the power to shape our democracy. Working together, we can transcend the labels that polarize us and realize what unites us. We can cultivate sacred connections with our neighbors and build a shared vision for our communities and our country.
From educators and philanthropists to religious and spiritual visionaries, we are partnering with leaders all over our country who are working toward this more loving world. Together, we are listening to and learning from students who are finding common values; citizens developing skills to communicate beyond political divides; and communities striving to heal after violent events."
This caught my attention because while it sounds like they aim to operate within the framework of politics, it also sounds like they are trying to re-invent or reshape the WAY we operate in that framework. Further down the page there were links to projects they are currently involved in. As far as the where they put their time and money, it's pretty interesting. I read somewhere on their site that the institute is not open to unsolicited submittals, rather they pick projects and initiatives on their own. Which is interesting because I'd image they would get bombarded with requests for money or backing, so I can see why they have to be insulated from that. However, the flip side to that is they will only be supporting causes that align with their outlook so I feel like that outlook should be examined carefully.
One project that caught my attention was the Practicing Democracy Project. I'll link to this specifically in the show notes. The project is a joint effort between the Fetzer Institute and the Center for Spirituality and Practice. In the description of the project it says "The Project assumes that American democracy can flourish only when citizens are united, at a deep level that transcends ideology, race, and class, to a shared spiritual and moral vision of what America should be." I like this idea because in my own view, a spiritual transformation on an individual, personal level is what I think may be the only hope for us going forward. I don't mean that we all need to become part of the same religion; I think religion and politics have run their course and are not sustainable methods moving forward. However, it sounds like they are saying something to the effect of we all need to be on team "us" or something like that. I would argue that if we all truly were on that team, the societal need for religion and politics would naturally dissolve but, that's tangential to what they are putting forward here.
Here's what I mean about examining the outlook they are promoting carefully. The page for the project states "On the Project's website, you'll find quotes on the language of democracy, recommended books and book excerpts, ways to honor democracy mentors and teachers, practices to observe flashpoints in American history, art reflections, music playlists..." and it goes on to list some other resources. What catches my attention is where it says "ways to honor democracy". Granted, I would need to investigate the project more thoroughly to give it a fair assessment, but that phrase just sounds very odd even though they are promoting equality among the human race. I'm assuming they are devoted to some kind of pure democracy ideal, but I'm not sure. To be fair, looking through the different resources they provide to align ourselves with their outlook are pretty good. For example, on the website for the Center for Spirituality and Practice, they have 3 ted talks that discuss what to do with anger and how to use it for good. I can get behind that. What I don't yet understand is how they see the institution of pure democracy working out. For example, in pure democracy, majority rules. So for that to be a positive feature of the arrangement, we have to know that the majority is operating with a moral compass that is aimed at the benefit for all involved. Otherwise, pure democracy does not directly correlate with ultimate freedom or even the flourishing of humans. Now, assuming that majority are all on the same page, let's say morally, we have to ask who's rules are they playing by? And are those rules so fundamental that they can be applied to every culture, in every place, at every time? As near as I can tell, humans have been debating, fighting, killing, and dying over what those rules should be. I think it may be rather presumptuous of this foundation to assume they have landed a one size fits all "human religion" for us all to follow. Like I said, I'll dive into this further and read the book and then possibly do a full episode on them in the future. Who knows, maybe I could even land an interview with a representative. That would be fantastic.
Let's get into The Origin of Consciousness in the breakdown of the bicameral mind by Julian Jaynes. I want to start by giving you kind of an overview of where this book goes. Essentially because it is incredibly long. I have been reading it for months now and I am almost half way done. I might be a slow reader but it is two books and each chapter is super dense. What we will get into today is Julian explaining kind of the history of the study of consciousness. We'll also kind of touch on what he argues consciousness is not, but I think I'll get more into that on another episode. From there Julian goes way back into the past and explains the evidence he feels supports one main idea in the book. That idea is that early humans were not conscious in the same way we are. I know it sounds crazy but stick with me on this multi-parter because he presents some really interesting ideas later on. Let's crack the shell of this argument here and start with how we've considered consciousness in the past.
Julian was an American psychologist, born in 1920 and passed away in 1997. This book is his most famous work in which he analyzes the nature of consciousness and provides his definition for what it is. I had to look up what bicameral meant and it turns out Julian actually coined the term in this very book! Bicameral means , according to Wikipedia, (the condition of being divided into "two-chambers") is a hypothesis in psychology that argues that the human mind once operated in a state in which cognitive functions were divided between one part of the brain which appears to be "speaking", and a second part which listens and obeys. The title of the book kind of sums up where the author is aiming to go: he is asserting a theory about what the early form of human mind was like, and that the early makeup of the mind has changed with what he considers the advent of consciousness.
This will be a multi-parter because firstly, this is an enormous book. Second, the material is dense. Lastly, because I barely made it through chapter 1 and already had over 100 notes. I like the ideas in this book so much because they directly relate to my own arguments in my book. Like I said if you like this show I think you will like my book. Consider signing up on patreon to help me get the book completed! I will also be incorporating my thoughts on this very book into my assertions about consciousness. Anyway in this episode we are going to look at what is essentially chapter 1. To give you an overview of where we are going, this episode will be a look at the history of the study of consciousness and how we got to here.
One of the fundamental questions that this book aims to address is what is the consciousness that is me, you, all of us. And, where did it come from and why? Which is why the book is so effing long. Julian points out in the beginning this interesting trend of our metaphors for what consciousness is being closely tied to the most recent boom in science. For example, Augustine living among the amazing landscape of Carthage describes consciousness as vast, spacious physical landscapes such as hills, valleys, and caves. Later in the middle of the 19th century, apparently chemistry became the popular science, and thus, the way scientists thought about and studied the problem of consciousness was the way a chemist would analyze a molecule; as a conglomerate made up of smaller, definable parts. This trend carried on into the advent of the steam engine, describing consciousness and personality as built up steam that must have appropriate outlets. It's so interesting how the trend of what we perceive informs, through metaphor, that which we cannot perceive.
It's also interesting how eager we as humans are to ascribe our own brand of consciousness to other living things. One theory on consciousness that Charles Darwin thought to be simply unquestionable, was that consciousness was simply a basic building block of all living things. An idea like this mirrors the concept of panpsychism, the belief that everything material, however small, has an element of individual consciousness (dictionary.com). It's also very similar to my own thoughts on consciousness, but we will get into that later on.
The first problem Julian tackles is whether or not learning is the hallmark of consciousness. Or, to borrow the section title from the book, Consciousness as learning. Julian talks about how he tried a test with his plant to see if he could get it to start to associate a tactile input stimulus with a frequency of light with a drooping of one of its leaves. Julians conclusion was that the plant was not conscious as it could not learn to droop the leaf at the signal of the light. After related experiments with ever more complex organisms yielding the same results, Julian finally came to the conclusion that using the ability to learn in this way was by no means a measurement of consciousness. He says "Why then did so many worthies in the lists of science equate consciousness and learning? And why had I been so lame of mind as to follow them?" (Jaynes 2000). He argues that when we introspect, acting within consciousness, it is not dependent on some conditioned learning such as mazes or bells. This fundamental error in conflation of consciousness and learning, known as experience, has become embedded in the discussion. At this point Julian drops one of my favorite quotes, I even posted the quote on twitter and Instagram: "...it is now absolutely clear that in evolution the origin of learning and the origin of consciousness are two utterly separate problems" (Jaynes 2000).
So, we've established that consciousness is not simply being able to learn. In future episodes I'll get into Julians reasons for this theory, but for now lets assume this principal.
Next, let's look at whether or not consciousness is a metaphysical aspect of living things. The theory has been largely credited to Alfred Russel Wallace, who was the co-discoverer of the theory of natural selection. In a nutshell, the argument is that natural selection does not explain our desire for justice in the face of wrongdoing, the desire for certainty with which the scientist runs their studies, or any other uniquely human urge. Julian points out that it seems humans evolved along similar lines as all other creatures up until a certain point and then diverged to create a unique form of existence that has not been repeated anywhere else in nature. Wallace argued there were three distinct points at which some outside force directed evolution: at the beginning of life, the beginning of consciousness, and the beginning of civilized culture. This makes me think of all the theories around humans learning to plant seeds and grow crops. But that's for a different discussion. In response to these metaphysical explanations of consciousness, a materialist wave emerged.
In the materialist view, consciousness does nothing and cannot do anything. The argument is that there is simple continuity through natural selection and at some unknown number of synaptic nerve cells, consciousness emerges. That consciousness cannot influence anything though. The analogy Julian uses is consciousness is like a whistle on a train: it cannot influence the speed or direction of the train. The rails of natural selection decided that route long ago. The issue here, in what is sometimes called the conscious automaton theory, is how could consciousness be so disconnected from something it is so entwined with? And, as Julian argues, why is consciousness more present when physical action ceases? And vice versa? The two are obviously linked and assuming consciousness is a helpless observer of outside circumstances ignores this reality.
Coming to the rescue of the helpless observer theory is the Emergent Evolution theory. A simple analogy is the way the quality of wetness cannot be derived from hydrogen and oxygen alone, but emerges out of the sum of parts, so consciousness has emerged from the sum of the organisms parts or inner workings. Apparently this explanation was greeted with incredible fan-fare. Some biologists even called it a new declaration of independence from physics and chemistry (Jaynes 2000). The problem is the emergent evolution theory failed to answer critical questions. If consciousness emerged, when? Also, in what species did it emerge in? What kind of nervous system would be required? Also, when did it emerge? Answers to these questions would give light to the conditions that created consciousness.
Around the same time, another means to explain consciousness was emerging. Behaviorism. Apparently the operating principal in behaviorism was to deny that consciousness existed at all, rather all behavior can be explained as reactions to input or conditions. While this theory started out as a weak argument, it actually took off, influencing psychology up until the 60's. With World War I still in the rear view mirror, society was longing for objective, hard facts. Success in chemistry and physics were luring and any subjective interpretation of consciousness was largely squashed or ignored. What behaviorism amounted to was no more than a method of analyzing response, not a theory of consciousness.
The last point that Julian brings up was a look at the reticular activating system in the brain. It apparently extends from the top of the spinal cord, through the brain stem, into the thalamus and hypothalamus. It its directly connected to a whole bunch of critical neuron networks, and it is also the place where anesthesia takes effect in the brain. Julian points out that if is cut, it induces permanent sleep and coma. If it is stimulated by an electrode in an animal, the animal wakes up. However, this still does not solve the problem of what consciousness is for two reasons. One, we still have the issue of conscious experience even outside the waking state. This is well documented. Second, and this is a point that Julian points out, is that we would be making an error in reasoning if we draw direct lines between psychological occurrences and neuro-anatomy. Juilian states that even if we had a complete map of every single detail of the brain and nervous system, we still could not infer whether or not that brain had consciousness.
So we have thus far set the ground work for how we should think about consciousness within the argument of Julian Jaynes. We've got a long way to go; all that was just the effing introduction. Chapter one gives some excellent illustrations explaining what aspects of our lives consciousness isn't even required for. We will get into that in the next part of this consciousness series. That's a wrap for this episode.
Special thanks to Karn Beats for producing the music on this show. As always you can reach me on godofhoneybees.com and let me know what you think of the show. Sign up for the email version of the show and I will send you a free sticker or coaster, whichever I have available. You get a free item with the podcast logo as well as links to all the sources I reference to go deeper into the topic, and a fancy PDF version of the show. You can also find me on Instagram at godofbeespodcast, twitter at GOHPodcast, Facebook at God of Honeybees Podcast, or email at godofbeespodcast@gmail.com.
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This has been God of Honeybees Podcast. I'm Justin Herb. Thanks for listening.
Here are blog versions of the podcast episodes. You can download the pdf transcription as well.


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Death and Dying » Bl-Ce » Cemeteries, Military
Cemeteries, Military
After 174 years, twenty-eight American Revolutionary War soldiers were returned in aluminum coffins by Canada for burial in the United States in 1988. A dozen years later, the United States was annually spending $6 million to locate and retrieve the remains of fewer than 2,000 American MIAs from
Military cemeteries, designated to honor men and women who served in national defense, are becoming overcrowded, forcing them to close.
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. At the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington Cemetery stand guards twenty-four hours a day, 365 days a year.
Across America and the world stretch the graves of approximately 1.1 million Americans killed in the line of military service. The federal government maintains 119 national cemeteries in the United States and twenty-four others in a dozen foreign countries, containing approximately 2.5 million gravesites. In addition, also restricted to those who served in the armed forces and their immediate families are sixty-seven state veterans' cemeteries. These homes for the dead are preserved by the nation for those who sacrificed their lives in its defense.
To understand such actions and expenditures one needs to consider the workings of civil religion, or the ways in which politics command the sacred and thereby divinely endow its causes. Evidence of civil religion is on U.S. currency ("In God We Trust") and within the Pledge of Allegiance (the phrase "under God" was added in 1954 in the midst of the cold war). Memorial Day is the state holy day, and national cemeteries and memorials its sacred sites.
Political systems, like religion, confer immortality to their elect. And what more deserving recipients than those who sacrificed their lives for the state? In a highly individualistic culture such as the United States, the preservation of these individuals' unique identities is paramount in the immortality business, which explains in part the considerable lengths the military goes to recover and identify its fallen—and the ritual care given to those whose identities are unknown. The Department of Veterans Affairs furnishes at no charge a headstone or marker for the unmarked grave of any deceased U.S. Armed Forces veteran not dishonorably discharged. When in 1980 the Veterans Administration began removing 627 bodies of unknown Civil War soldiers in the Grafton National Cemetery in West Virginia from their individual grave sites to be placed in a mass grave (with an imposing headstone bearing the inscription "Now We Are One") there was collective outrage from veterans and amateur historians. Despite the fact that space was badly needed, the right to individuated memorials was preserved.
To preserve the sanctity of these burial sites, the Veterans Administration runs a limited number of cemeteries, with one exception: the most sacred of sacred sites, Arlington National Cemetery. Administered by the Department of the Army, here across the Potomac from the national capitol lie the remains of more than 250,000 Americans. To preserve its purity occasional pollution rituals occur, as in late 1977 when the body of M. Larry Lawrence, the late ambassador to Switzerland and a fabricated World War II hero, was unceremoniously exhumed and removed.
With over 1,000 World War II veterans dying each day, and because the United States has been engaged in so many wars and "police actions," the problem faced by the National Cemetery Administration is lack of space. As of the beginning of 2001, thirty-one of the 119 national cemeteries are closed to new burials; only sixty of Arlington's 612 acres can hold new graves.
See also: Burial Grounds ; Cemeteries and Cemetery Reform ; Cemeteries, War ; Civil War, U.S. ; Funeral Industry ; Immortality, Symbolic ; Tombs
Douglas, Mary. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1966.
Kearl, Michael, and Anoel Rinaldi. "The Political Uses of the Dead as Symbols in Contemporary Civil Religions." Social Forces 61 (1983):693–708.
National Cemetery Administration. "Statistics and Facts." In the Department of Veterans Affairs [web site]. Available from www.cem.va.gov/facts.htm .
MICHAEL C. KEARL
Cemeteries, Military forum
« Cemeteries and Cemetery Reform


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OTAs & Tour OperatorsUK
Virgin Holidays to open store in Stevenage
By Jill Sayles	 On Aug 22, 2017
Virgin Holidays will open its first store in Stevenage on August 24, based in the new flagship Debenhams on the Roaring Meg Retail & Leisure Park.
The company is expanding further into Hertfordshire, adding to its collection of outlets in Hemel Hempstead, Hatfield, and Cheshunt.
To celebrate the store opening Virgin Holidays will have a number of attractions including face painting and balloon modelling. There will also be £1000 in shopping vouchers for a visitor to win which can be used towards their next Virgin Holiday.
Lee Haslett, product & distribution director said:
"We're really excited to open our first store in Stevenage, and can't wait to start making people's dream holidays a reality. Whether you're after a family holiday to Orlando or a honeymoon in the Maldives our highly trained staff can assist with tailoring the perfect getaway – while you relax in store with a glass of bubbles and a holiday brochure."
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Macmillan Education Ltd., 1999; ISBN 0-333-66128-1.
This beautifully illustrated book tells the story of the only acoustic musical instrument to be invented in the 20th century, the steel drum of Trinidad and Tobago.
Pan (the common name of the steel band) is closely linked to the world famous Trinidad carnival and calypso. Twenty eight calypsos, as well as poems and other literature on pan are quoted in the book.
The story of pan is a mythic one, in the sense that Joseph Campbell used it in "The Power of Myth" - a story imbued with meaning, a story of our times. For Campbell, mythology was the song of the Universe - the Music of the Spheres; which is the title of the final chapter in the book.
It is said that as Pythagoras, the 6th Century Greek philosopher was walking past a brazier's shop he heard hammers beating out a piece of iron.. This led him to discover the harmonic or overtone series. The sounds Pythagoras heard have resonated down the centuries. Today Trinidadians refer to playing pan as beating iron.
The transmutation of industrial waste material, i.e discarded oil drums, into a highly tuned percussion instrument which today resonates around the world, is nothing if not an alchemical process. Alchemy involves a base metallic material, the outward form of which has to be first destroyed, the energy released and reunited. Then heat is applied, blackening the substance, something known as nigredo. Alchemy if properly understood means that whenever something important evolves, everything around it evolves as well - in this case the society itself. Hated at first, the steelpan is now the national instrument of Trinidad.
The book traces not only the physical development of the steelpan, the plight of the early pioneers and their struggle for survival and acceptance, the social function of the pan yard and the rivalry between the bands manifest in the annual Panorama competition but also the spirit and pan-world spread of Pan.


The Avenue at East Falls Apartments is conveniently located in the historic East Falls area, just steps away from public transportation and less than 15 miles from Center City Philadelphia! Experience luxury apartment living and first-rate convenience! Enjoy a soak in our brand new swimming pool (opening Spring 2018), get down to business in our GOChat business center (opening Spring 2018), or join a complimentary workout class in our brand new 6000 square foot GOFit Fitness Center (now open!). Our friendly and caring team, state-of-the-art amenities, and prime location are sure to make you feel right at home.


Does not work with "LitMan Level One Fifty Six".
It is safe to replace this Mod with "LitMan Level One Fifty Six".
It still needs, but I'm planning to implement that.
Great mod by the way thank you so much!!!
Yes. Server needs to be updated also.
I assume that's why my server says its the wrong version? I've gone as far as unsubscribed then re-subscribe and rebooted the game to reinstall it. Now to get my server admin to do the same.
"Level 60 Legendary Chest Requirement: For Level Mods"


Has anyone had any luck connecting led strips to a rev expansion hub? Do you have to use a motor port or can you connect to the 5v port? Any thoughts are welcome!
What CAD software do you guys use?
Hey guys, I am Eric Adams, the programmer and a driver for team #8417, the 'Lectric Legends. We just ordered a Robo 3D R1 and I am wondering what CAD software would be good to start out with. I have lots of free time and will be keeping the printer at my house(sweet, right?) to monitor it while it prints, so access to the printer and time are not problems. We got a sponsorship from PTC for using CREO this past year, but I am looking for an option so I can quickly come up with parts to 3D print. I would like any and all recommendations and specifically the pros and cons.
This is why we are getting this one.
Hi. My name is Jonah and I am on Team 8956 Pyrogen (check out our FRC team 1912 Combustion). I wanted to make this topic because I think sharing ideas is good.


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Going cliff jumping? Read this first
By Grace Hunter Published: August 21, 2019 Updated: June 13, 2022
EpicStockMedia/shutterstock
New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady faced criticism on social media earlier this summer when he posted a video of himself cliff jumping with his six year old daughter while on vacation in Costa Rica. Public reaction was split over whether leaping into the natural pool below was family-friendly or irresponsible. Thrill-seekers who enjoy the rush of cliff jumping at their cottage should be asking: Just how risky of an activity is this?
Dr. Tyler Christie, Emergency Physician with the Department of Emergency Medicine at Health Sciences North in Sudbury, Ontario, says that the risk depends on the height of the jump. The higher the jump, the greater the jumper's downwards velocity. If someone jumps from a three metre cliff, they'll reach speeds of about twenty-seven to thirty kilometres per hour as they fall towards the water. At six metres, they'll be hitting forty kilometres per hour. Anyone who has done a belly-flop off an ordinary diving board knows how solid water can feel. An uncontrolled or unbalanced entry from a tall height can cause fractures to the feet and spine, compressed vertebrae, and bruising, says Dr. Christie. When the jumper hits the water, the rapid deceleration can cause a concussion from the amount of force being transmitted through their body.
Dr. Christie described a case where he treated a twenty-year old American student on a football scholarship who went cliff jumping and landed on his chest. "He ended up having what we call a traumatic aortic dissection. Essentially it's a deceleration injury, and it's seen a lot in car accidents." The patient was stabilized in a trauma centre where his aorta was surgically repaired. "He's not able to play football now, he'd be on medication to ensure his blood pressure is maintained in a certain area," says Dr. Christie. "So that one decision can have drastic effects on the rest of your life."
Dr. Christie says that due to the health risks, cliff diving is "not an activity that most people should engage in." For those who seek out the experience, he advises taking precautionary measures like using the buddy system, jumping from a low height, and making sure that the water has been fully explored and isn't hiding any nasty surprises like rocks or logs. Jumpers should also be aware of signs that something is off after a jump: discomfort in the lower legs or radiating pain, difficulty hearing, dizziness, and vomiting are all signs to seek medical attention. "Anything that you would not consider a normal feeling, that you didn't have before doing the activity, I think it's worthwhile to get checked out from there," says Dr. Christie.
Professional cliff divers provide a good example of the high amount of training and precautionary measures needed to jump from a high cliff into open water and avoid injury. In the Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series, women compete by diving from a maximum height of twenty-one metres, and men from twenty-seven metres. All competitions have paramedics and an ambulance on standby, and three safety divers in the water at the landing point, says Red Bull Cliff Diving competition director Hassan Mouti. In addition, says Mouti, because the divers compete in a natural body of water, environmental factors like the condition of the take-off spot and landing spot, water depth, tides, waves, and more must all be checked before diving.
While the casual cottage cliff jumper may not be leaping from such great heights, Canadian cliff diving athlete Lysanne Richard has some advice on how to avoid injury when jumping. She advises first practicing with a springboard at a pool, and to working on jumping forward in order to be able to clear any rocks. Start small by jumping from a three metre springboard, and only move up to a higher level when you feel comfortable. For jumping in natural areas, she recommends checking the site to make sure that the water is at least five metres deep and isn't hiding any rocks under its surface (and keep in mind that water levels can change). She adds, "Have fun, but be safe first. Be sure everything is safe first and never, never do this alone."
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DOCUMENTARY FILMS TO WATCH IN 2019- Science Fair
Science Fair is funny, infectious, charming, scary, entirely riveting and utterly entertaining. To say I loved this National Geographic Documentary Film is an understatement!
Coming from an artistic background and knowing little of the world of science, I was unaware of the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF), which is held each year in the United States. More than 78 nations are represented by over 1,700 science students who compete for the much coveted ISEF prize. I learnt a whole lot and that is the beauty of a well-made documentary—to educate, inspire and entertain. Science Fair achieves this and much more.
The film comes from Fusion and Muck Media and is directed by the DuPont Award-winning and Emmy-nominated documentary filmmaking team, Christina Costantini and Darren Foster. In an interview, Christina Costantini said of Science Fair, her first feature documentary, "the documentary is a love letter to the subculture that saved me…. It validated my passion for science, taught me how to dedicate myself to a goal and set my life on a trajectory that would have otherwise been totally impossible. But most important, science fair is where I found my tribe".
From the opening shot, you can feel that this is a story told from the inside as she gets under the skin of the teens featured in the film. The film "follows nine high school students from around the globe as they navigate rivalries, setbacks and, of course, hormones, on their journey to compete at The International Science and Engineering Fair. As 1,700 of the smartest, quirkiest teens from 78 different countries face off, only one will be named Best in Fair. The film offers a front seat to the victories, defeats and motivations of an incredible group of young men and women who are on a path to change their lives, and the world, through science". – National Geographic Films.
At the core of Science Fair, it is the personal stories and journeys of the student competitors that makes this film truly special. Whether you're focusing on the affluent teens from a science-focused high school, the shy girl from South Dakota or the two Brazilian teens from a poor rural village; this film has a wide array of compelling characters that are unique and relatable.
Although, they don't all win, but their love for science is enthralling to watch. Even in my state of elation, I observed a note-worthy omission in this wonderful tale. Among the 78 nations represented, I am sure there must have been some from the African continent. Sadly, the filmmakers did not feature any science students from any of the 54 African countries, which is a pity, because young Africans are embracing science at an exponential rate. I truly believe that bringing Africa into the mainstream through a story like this one could have helped to reinforce the need for stronger STEM education in the continent.
Science Fair was released in the US in September 2018 and is the winner of top awards from film festivals around the world including the Sundance Film Festival and SXSW 2018 Film Festival to name but a few.
This documentary should be made mandatory for viewing by all young students—especially girls—parents, and teachers. It should also be seen by all who aspire to be entrepreneurs because the seeds of curiosity, teamwork, communication, hard work, perseverance, self-direction, and motivation are planted in the mind at a young age.


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Hadas Gold
Blog Archives Select Date… December, 2015 November, 2015 October, 2015 September, 2015 August, 2015 July, 2015 June, 2015 May, 2015 April, 2015 March, 2015 February, 2015 January, 2015
Vice expands Josh Tyrangiel's role, will lay off around 15 staffers
By HADAS GOLD
Josh Tyrangiel is being promoted at Vice Media to oversee the company's entire news division, as part of a reorganization that will see around 15 Vice News digital producers, writers and editors laid off in New York and Los Angeles, a source familiar with the plans told POLITICO.
Tyrangiel will oversee Vice News, the weekly HBO Vice News show, and the daily Vice News show, which is expected to premiere later this year on HBO. Tyrangiel will aim to connect the disparate news divisions in order to create a more cohesive product, the source said. He was originally hired by Vice last year to lead development of the daily HBO program.
According to a tweet from Vice News foreign correspondent Harriet Salem, the entire editorial team in the United Kingdom was laid off, plus two foreign correspondents, including Salem.
Vice also plans to open up new bureaus in San Francisco and Hong Kong in the coming months and expects to hire more staffers in the coming weeks.
Last month, Tyrangiel announced a slew of big-name hires, including NBC News veteran producer Madeleine Haeringer as executive producer of the new daily HBO show as well as New York Times assistant editor Ryan McCarthy as editor-in-chief of Vice News and media reporter Ravi Somaiya as tech correspondent.
"The plan in place will expand Vice's news offerings across digital and TV, continue the recent of wave of newsroom hires, add additional foreign bureaus, and marshal the company's existing news divisions into one cohesive powerhouse," a Vice spokesperson told POLITICO.
Some of the employees laid off were members of the Writers Guild of America-East union. A representative for the union declined to comment.
Follow @politico
Hadas Gold is a reporter at Politico.


Now that's a catchy headline to get your attention! What does it mean, and why blog about it on Cyber Matters?
A couple of weeks ago I was asked to speak at Thomson Reuters, a multinational media and information firm, who were trying to get more of their young professionals interested in becoming Cyber Champions.
Is there any point in using anti-virus software?
I recently attended a professional development event in Birmingham run by OWASP and the Institute of Information Professionals (IISP). One of the topics on the agenda was how to evade anti-virus (AV) software packages.
Shock horror. The breaking news is that AV software is not going to stop cyber attacks on your organisation, as has been blogged on before here on Cyber Matters.
However two aspects stood out for me.
This month the UK Government Cyber Essentials Scheme was launched.
Bitcoin had a hard time in February 2014, is it a viable investment for a cautious digital immigrant?
Making an organisation cyber-secure is difficult. As a supplier, demonstrating to an external customer that you are cyber-secure is even more difficult. Conversely, as a customer how can you tell which organisations take it seriously?
CRLs are a critical part of security infrastructure – oh dear!
In the article "why has encrypted email not taken off" I looked at some of the barriers to the widespread adoption of secure email. Certificate revocation was one factor discussed.


Welcome to the jungle little one! Our tropical favors are perfect for your jungle safari theme shower! We can customize the colors to fit your theme, just send us a message!
3 | IMPORTANT, Leave the third drop down menu set to 1, you already chose your quantity in step one!
4 | Please be available until your order ships. I will send you and conversation through Etsy if I have any questions. If I am unable to get a hold of you, it delays the processing time.
These are so cute and I'm sure my bride tribe is going to love them in their bachelorette goodie bags. Thank you so much!


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10 Things Not to Say to Someone With Acne
More in Acne
Professional Procedures
Teens & Acne
Eliminate these comments from your conversations about acne
By Angela Palmer
You're trying to be sympathetic and helpful to a friend or relative who has acne. Or, you're just making conversation and drop a simple remark. But people with acne can be ultra-sensitive about their skin. Glib comments, innocuous as they may seem, can hurt them deeply, even if you don't realize it. Here are a few things that you should never say to someone who has acne.
"You Just Need to Wash Your Face More Often"
stock_colors Getty Images
This is hurtful, even if you don't mean it to be. You're suggesting a lack of personal hygiene and that the person is "dirty."
A person with acne may wash her face two or three times a day. She's fastidious about keeping her skin clean, but she still breaks out.
Acne isn't caused by a dirty face. It's actually caused by hormones more than anything else. No amount of washing is going to change that.
"What Happened to Your Face?"
This remark cuts to the quick. Acne is extremely distressing. Drawing attention to it in such a way is humiliating.
A similar comment is, "You used to have such nice skin." Yes, the person with acne remembers that. She wants to have that nice skin again, and she is working on it. Don't shame her in the meantime.
"Why Don't You Try Proactiv?"
According to the ads, all people have to do is use an over-the-counter (OTC) acne treatment product and acne will quickly vanish. Everyone wishes that were true, but it's not.
Mild acne can be improved with over-the-counter products. But the majority of acne cases need to be treated with prescription medications. An off-the-cuff comment like this makes it seem like acne is easy to treat, but it isn't.
"You Must Be Touching Your Face Too Much"
The assumption here is that the person with acne must be doing something to cause his skin to break out. Comments like this make him feel like he somehow to blame for bad skin.
Touching your face, while not particularly helpful, isn't the cause of acne. In reality, acne happens for reasons beyond the person's control. It has nothing to do with what they are doing or not doing.
"You'll Grow out of It"
You're probably right that a teen's acne will get better in adulthood, but that doesn't make him feel any better right now. He's embarrassed and self-conscious now. Saying that it's only temporary implies that the person's feelings aren't valid.
Besides, some people don't grow out of it. Many continue to struggle with adult acne.
With all the good teen acne treatments out there, there is really no reason to wait until acne decides to go away on its own. Starting treatment now will help a teen feel better about his skin and himself.
"Stop Eating Junk Food"
Eating junk food isn't good nutritionally, and most people know that. But it really doesn't have much (if anything) to do with acne breakouts. There is no scientific proof that eating junk food causes acne.
Remarks like this make the person with acne feel like she is being judged and acne is her fault. Don't make someone feel guilty. Let her just enjoy her French fries.
"Wow! That Whitehead Is Huge!"
This isn't something the person can easily remedy, such as getting the spinach out of their teeth. There's not much of anything a person can do for that big whitehead except wait for it to go away, so pointing it out just embarrasses him. Suggesting popping the offending zit isn't a good idea, either.
Instead, earn goodwill by acting like you don't see that big blemish. He probably notices when you look at it and appreciates it when you just pretend that it isn't there.
"You Should Try a Treatment That Worked Really Well for My Friend"
Odds are, the person with acne has already tried dozens of treatments. It's important for you to understand that not every treatment works for everyone. The medication or home treatment that worked really well for your friend may not be a good fit for someone else. Support the person with acne in his current treatment plan he developed with his dermatologist.
"I've Never Had Acne Because I..."
You are lucky that you never had to worry about your skin. Some people are predisposed to acne, and some aren't. Genetics plays a role, as do hormones.
Even if a friend with acne followed your skincare routine (or diet, or vitamin supplementation, etc.) precisely, he would still have acne. And if you stopped your routine, you'd probably still have clear skin.
You know how best to care for your skin. Recognize that the person with acne knows the best way to care for theirs.
"Have You Ever Thought About Seeing a Dermatologist?"
The person with acne might actually welcome this suggestion, but it depends on how well she knows you. Close friends and relative can broach the subject, but it is touchy for casual acquaintances.
You don't know the situation. Maybe the person is already under a dermatologist's care. If you're not sure, then you're definitely not close enough to her to make this suggestion.
But if you know her well, and you approach her with love, caring, and tact, this suggestion might be just the push she needs to make that appointment to help get her acne under control. She may be so dejected and discouraged that she didn't know what step to take next.
Bring up the subject in a sensitive and compassionate way. Then she'll know that you care about her well-being, that you're not judging her, and that you're supportive.
Dealing with acne can be frustrating. Our free guide provides expert tips to help you take control. Sign up and get yours today.
Why You Have Teen Acne -- And What You Can Do To Clear It
10 Things to Stop Doing When You Have Acne
Teen Acne: Talking to Your Parents About Seeing a Dermatologist
4 Tips for Using Store-Bought Products to Treat Teen Acne
Can You Catch Acne From Someone Else?
Get Facts Dispelling the Top Myths About the Causes of Acne
10 Smart Ways to Treat Teen Acne in Boys
10 Things Teen Girls Should Know About Acne
How to Customize Acne Treatment to Life Stage
10 Ways to Treat Acne in Adult Men
Everything You Need to Know to Treat Teen Acne
7 Signs Your Teen Should See a Dermatologist for Their Acne
Does Touching Your Face Cause Acne?
10 Things You Must Know About Adult Acne in Women
The Link Between Stress and Teen Acne
Overview of the Types and Stages of Acne


Birch have been working with The Mayor Gallery for five years now which has proven to be an exciting and extremely rewarding partnership. Due to the widely diverse subject matter, each project is completely different to the next, with unique challenges requiring equally innovative solutions.
From the outset of each project we discuss the artist, theme and the curation process for the exhibition. Using this knowledge we decide the look and feel and print processes to be employed across all of the marketing material from invitations through to brochures..
We draw upon our years of print experience to specify materials and our studio works closely with the gallery to ensure the desired artwork results are achieved. To ensure colour accuracy across all artwork pieces included in the brochure, we supply a wet proof and then manually adjust either on the artwork itself or on press.
We have access to a vast array of different print finishes, such as laminates, foils, spot UV, die cutting and embossing, to further enhance the final product and achieve the desired results.
We work to challenging deadlines and invariably a quick turnaround is required for each project as the final exhibition collection isn't usually decided until close to the opening of the event.
Once all brochures and invitations are completed and approved, Birch manage the whole distribution process and mail all marketing collateral to a global database.


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Do you violate the GPL if you provide source code that cannot be compiled?
In a recent question on programmers.SE†, it was asked whether a project is open source if it provides some source code but doesn't make it clear how to actually compile it. Consensus is that it's not required for compilation to be easy, but that raises the question where to draw the line between non-obvious and impossible.
Assume a company sells a program written in, say, C, including some code taken from third-party, GPL-licensed sources. They provide both a binary of the program, as well as all their own C source code used in that project, but no e.g. Makefile or build scripts. Or, only scripts which assume the presence of some particular (possibly non-free, in-house) compiler. It turns out the project can not just be compiled with a simple setup of the usual implicit rules (like .c+.h → .o and *.o→a.out).
Is the company violating GPL?
†I'm not asking about the specific program discussed in the linked question (which, apparently, is actually not that hard to compile unless you happen to use Windows), nor any other particular project.
gpl copyleft
leftaroundaboutleftaroundabout
One concrete example is "tivoisation", which RMS felt was not successfully prohibited by the (OSI-approved) GPLv2 and which motivated GPLv3. OK, so the hurdle there was erected at the very last step: executables needed to be signed to work on TiVo hardware and the signing key was missing. But arguably it's the same kind of thing: you could manipulate the source but you couldn't produce a working executable, and an open source license (GPLv2) permitted this form of distribution, albeit it was not intended to permit it. – Steve Jessop Mar 29 '16 at 12:30
You forgot to mention that in the "programmers.SE" question the project does compile (probably) on Linux, but the OP wants to compile on Windows. So at least from the open source project perspective, there is no malice, like your question is suggesting.... – Basile Starynkevitch Mar 29 '16 at 13:15
Related: if you do not ship object code, you are under no obligation to provide such scripts. – o11c Apr 7 '16 at 18:14
IANAL, but I believe the answer is yes, you violate GPL. If you distribute binaries, then GPL requires that you also distribute all the files necessary to rebuild that same binary, and to make modifications. GPLv3 has the specific term "corresponding source", which you must convey in addition to, and in a similar manner to the source code. Under section 1:
The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to control those activities. However, it does not include the work's System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source includes interface definition files associated with source files for the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those subprograms and other parts of the work.
(emphasis mine)
Under this generalised definition, the following will be included:
Makefiles (needed to generate object code from source code)
Installation scripts (needed to install object code)
Program data files (needed to run the object code)
GPLv2 also has a similar clause, in section 3:
... For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. ...
So if someone distributes binaries and source code but does not provide compilation instructions (e.g. Makefiles), they may be violating the GPL.
One of the goals of the GPL is to protect users' freedom to modify software. These clause are meant to serve that goal.
I'm surprised that among the voluminous GPL FAQ questions, none address this point. But gpl-violations.org (not GNU affiliated afaik) has one:
The GNU GPL demands that as soon as you distribute GPL licensed software in executable format you make available the "complete corresponding source code". The GNU GPL also contains a definition of this term:
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable.
This is a quite precise definition. For a typical C program, this translates into all the source code (.c files) plus header files (.h files) plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation.
The SFLC also publishes an article, A Practical Guide to GPL Compliance, which contains a section relevant to the question:
4.2.2 Building the Sources
Note that you must include "scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable" and/or anything "needed to generate, install, and (for an executable work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to control those activities". These phrases are written to cover different types of build environments and systems. Therefore, the details of what you need to provide with regard to scripts and installation instructions vary depending on the software details. You must provide all information necessary such that someone generally skilled with computer systems could produce a binary similar to the one provided.
[...] Sometimes, however, scripts were never written (e.g., the information on how to build the binaries is locked up in the mind of your "build guru"). In that case, we recommend that you write out build instructions in a natural language as a detailed, step-by-step readme.
No matter what you offer, you need to give those who receive source a clear path from your sources to binaries similar to the ones you ship. If you ship a firmware (kernel plus filesystem), and the filesystem contains binaries of GPL'd programs, then you should provide whatever is necessary to enable a reasonably skilled user to build any given GPL'd source program (and modified versions thereof), and replace the given binary in your filesystem. If the kernel is Linux, then the users must have the instructions to do the same with the kernel. The best way to achieve this is to make available to your users whatever scripts or process your engineers would use to do the same.
Note: All of the above only applies if you are distributing a binary. If you only distribute source code, there is no requirement to distribute all your changes, or for these changes to be even compilable. See section 6 of the GPL v3, or term 3 of the GPL v2.
Thanks to sleske for the corrections to GPLv2 applicability.
congusbonguscongusbongus
I think you mean "yes" at the top, don't you? It seems to me that you give a pretty good argument as to why the conveyor must provide source code in a form that will compile to the conveyed executable - in which case the answer to the original question is yes, you violate the GPL if you provide source code that cannot be compiled. I don't want to add any more until I'm sure you mean what you say! – MadHatter Mar 29 '16 at 15:29
@supercat If I receive a copy of GPL-covered binary and source that is signed for use in the $50 machine, I think it's safe to say that that binary was distributed "specifically for use in" (GPLv3 Sec.6) the $50 machine, and I am entitled to "Installation Instructions" to modify and resign the code to run in the $50 machine. If the code I receive is unsigned and will not work as-is in the $50 machine, then the distributor can fairly say that the code was "intended for use" only in the $15k machine, because, indeed, it won't work in the $50 machine unsigned. – apsillers♦ Mar 29 '16 at 16:05
It's worth noting for clarity that you must provide build scripts (etc.) to produce a binary form identical to whatever binary you distribute. If you don't distribute a binary, then you don't have any obligation to provide buildable source code whatsoever. I'm sure this is obvious to you, but may be a helpful clarifying point to others. Specifically, you could change, "if someone distributes source code but does not provide compilation instructions..." to "So if someone distributes source code alongside a binary but does not provide compilation instructions to recreate that binary..." – apsillers♦ Mar 29 '16 at 16:16
This is a very confusing answer. It's written no in bold, then goes on to describe why the answer is yes. – wim Mar 29 '16 at 17:03
@congusbongus: The GPL v2 has similar language to v3: "The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. " So including things like Makefiles is definitely required for binary distribution under GPL v2, too. – sleske Mar 30 '16 at 11:02
I am not a lawyer, but I would believe that the copyright owner of a GPL-ed software cannot thus violate the GPL, since legally GPL is based upon copyright law.
In particular the copyright owner can use or release (and sell) his code under some other, non-free or non-open source, license.
License violation is a legal concept (ultimately judged in court). It is not a matter of "intents" or "being nice".
Notice that GPL code explicitly states that there is no warranty.
Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
You could argue that the company is violating the spirit of the GPL, but probably not the letters of that license.
I believe that the fact that a code is difficult or impossible to compile is a "quality" issue... (so is a "defect" of the source code).
Also, I would believe that making a git commit of any GPLv3 software on github is probably "conveying" or "releasing" that software. And it does happen in practice that (by human mistake, not malice) a commit sometimes does not even compile. If your interpretation was correct, that would be a legal violation of the GPL, then I'm sure that lawyers of competitors companies would have tried to sue big companies in such cases, and I never heard of such cases.
Again, IANAL, since I am simply a free software developer.
At last, source code can be viewed as addressed to human developers. It is their responsability to compile or use it (and code written in Python is generally never compiled, because Python implementations are interpreters)
a thought experiment.
Imagine that I am working in the richest computer science lab (or IT corporation) in the world. So I have access to the most powerful Linux computer on Earth (e.g. the only computer on Earth with 16 terabytes of RAM, addressable by a single processor). I'm coding a program which (like my GCC MELT thing, or my manydl.c program) is metaprogrammed: it is a C program basile.c which generates another C program /tmp/generated.c (and need 15Tb of RAM to generate that) and forks a compilation gcc -O -fPIC /tmp/generated.c -shared -o /tmp/generated.so then dlopen that /tmp/generated.so. Let's suppose that the /tmp/generated.c code is so weird (e.g. it has a single C function of a hundred millions lines) that any reasonably optimizing C compiler (both GCC & Clang/LLVM...) needs 16 terabytes of RAM to compile /tmp/generated.c. In that hypothetical situation, I am the only person in the world able to compile and run that entire thing (because nobody else has access to a 16Tbyte RAM computer). IANAL, but I hope that if I publish that code under GPLv3 license, I won't be prosecuted for GPLv3 violation. People would be able to read the code -assume I also documented it nicely- and perhaps even improve it (so that it could be compiled and run on a simple powerful PC).
To makes things even more funny, imagine that basile.c has #include "generated.c" and I am releasing/publishing under GPLv3 both files. People could still modify that to make it compilable, even if they could not compile the original code without accessing my hypothetical 16terabyte computer.
Basile StarynkevitchBasile Starynkevitch
I don't think this question is intended to ask about the copyright owner doing this. Rather, somebody is distributing a work with multiple authors, possibly including themselves, and "some of the code [is] taken from external GPL-licensed sources". I think "external" is supposed to mean the person doing the distributing is not the copyright holder of that part of the code they're distributing. – Steve Jessop Mar 29 '16 at 13:25
The copyright holder can't violate their own GPL license grant, so your answer doesn't really address this specific possibility of violating the GPL -- the same is true of every other possible way of violating the GPL: a sole copyright holder with work licensed under the GPL can't do it. The interesting question here is whether someone else who is distributing a derived work with GPL obligations to some other copyright holder fails to satisfy their GPL obligations to that copyright holder by failing to supply installation instructions. – apsillers♦ Mar 29 '16 at 15:39
As the sole copyright holder, I can violate the GPL, but I'm the only one who can sue myself for it :-) (If I give you my own application without source code, that's a violation, but the only thing you can do about it is ask me politely to sue myself, which I will equally politely refuse to do. For the copyright holder, violations have no consequences). – gnasher729 Mar 29 '16 at 16:26
@gnasher729: If you are the sole copyright holder, and you do not wish to distribute the source code to your binary, there is no point in placing your code under any version of the GPL. As the sole copyright holder, placing your code under GPL is a promise to the Universe to release the source upon request, subject to certain restrictions, said restrictions designed to ensure that nobody ELSE takes that code private. – John R. Strohm Mar 29 '16 at 19:37
If the GPL license is offered to you by the copyright owner, and you accept the offer, then a contract is in place between you, and the copyright owner why offered the license is also bound by it. However the GPLv3 doesn't require to offer compilation scripts along with the source, if you are only distributing source code. It only requires you to offer the "Corresponding Source" (the compilation scripts etc) if you distribute binaries. – Erwin Bolwidt Mar 30 '16 at 3:08
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