Artists, musicians, fashion designers, photographers, novelists … there are so many different types of "creatives" out there. The arts elicit such admiration around the world from the general public for the ability to create something so brilliant, yet so intrinsic. As outsiders, people often seem baffled. How did they do that? I can't do that.
But that is exactly what creativity is: seeing the possibilities, and turning them into art. While some see something and ask how it came to be, creatives spend their time seeing what could be.
Psychologists have long been trying to measure creativity, often doing so by using divergent thinking tasks, in which you must create as many uses as possible for mundane objects.
It is those who can see numerous and diverse objects that are considered more creative than those who can only see a few common things.
For instance, I remember taking a creativity test in elementary school. One question showed an image of a girl too short to reach the shade on a door window to pull it down. The question asked me to draw as many solutions as possible for the little girl to reach the shade. Students drew rockets on the bottom of the girl's feet, springs, and so on. Others simply drew a chair.
According to science, among the five major personality traits we behold, there is one that drives our creativity. This is called openness to experience, or openness. Openness is believed to be the best predictor of performance on divergent thinking tasks. It also predicts real-world creative achievements, and engagement in everyday creative pursuits.
While some people are fine assuming a chair is just a chair, or a rocket can only be used for space, others have an innate curiosity that drives them to examine things from all angles, resulting in higher openness.
Regarding research on the matter, Luke Smillie, Senior Lecturer in Personality Psychology, University of Melbourne and Anna Antinori, PhD candidate, University of Melbourne, conducted a study published in the Journal of Research in Personality that found open people, along with bringing a different perspective to things, also genuinely see things differently than the average individual.
For the observer, the images seem to flip intermittently from one to the other. At one moment only the green patch is perceived, and at the next moment only the red patch – each stimulus appearing to rival the other.
Participants in binocular rivalry studies sometimes see a fused of scrambled combination of both images, like the middle one above, which, according to this study's authors, can be seen as sort of a creative solution to the problem.
Perhaps it's frustrating to think "creatives" see the world "better" than a "normal" person, but there's also a downside. Some people with heightened openness have issues with mental illness, including proneness to hallucination.
But also, there's no such thing as better. Every perspective is beautiful, no matter the amount of openness involved. Regardless, it is interesting to note that there is science behind why some people can create things that others simply cannot.


text:
Allardyce: No Long Ball Game
October 4, 2011 By Iron Bobby Leave a Comment
West Ham United were back in training this Tuesday fresh from a spirited display at Crystal Palace when their poised passing performance should have earned more than the single point.
Speaking after the match, the Palace manager had said: "Two teams, playing two different ways; very much a physical powerful team in West Ham, knocking a lot of balls into your box, against the team that we had with the guile, the sharpness and the interchange to play and try to create chances."
However, the Hammers had 366 passes in play compared to the home side's 224. They completed nearly 80 per cent of these while Palace's success rate was just 72 per cent. The visitors also carried the ball into the final third of the pitch on 93 occasions as opposed to the Eagles' 68 times.
Speaking to whufc.com, Big Sam said: "We had more than 4,000 travelling fans at Selhurst Park. That is fantastic support again and they all saw another exciting team performance to go with the big wins we had at Watford and Nottingham Forest.
"We dominated the Palace game and outplayed the home side so it disappoints me to hear a young manager talking in the way that he did about my team. Just to get the facts straight, we were on top in terms of passing and possession and should have won the game with the chances we created."
I am liking the statistics we are getting from WHUFC now! Shows the depth Sam Allardyce and his team go into to make sure they are fully prepared for every game, and of course analyse every performance. Feels a much more professional outfit than in the past.
Filed Under: Latest News Tagged With: Analasys, Crystal Palace, Dougie Freedman, Long Ball, Sam Allardyce, west ham united
Almunia In On Loan
September 30, 2011 By Iron Bobby Leave a Comment
West Ham United have signed vastly-experienced goalkeeper Manuel Almunia on an initial one-month emergency loan from Arsenal.
Manager Sam Allardyce moved quickly to secure the services of the Spanish stopper after learning that Robert Green faces around six weeks out with a knee cartilage injury.
The 34-year-old joined up with his new team-mates on Friday ahead of this weekend's npower Championship visit to Crystal Palace. He will wear the No13 shirt.
Big Sam welcomed the goalkeeper to the club, telling West Ham TV: "We've been hot on the phone and secured an excellent signing in the short-term in Manuel Almunia from Arsenal.
"It's a big 'Thank you' again to Arsene Wenger and Arsenal for allowing us to get such a high-class and experienced goalkeeper to come in and fill-in for Robert for the time being.
"I think he hasn't had as many games at Arsenal as he would have liked so he wants to play first-team football at the end of the day.
"We hope that huge amount of experience he has had at Arsenal and the football he has played on a regular basis will stand us in good stead here at West Ham and more and more clean sheets will come from his presence in goal. That will obviously help us to secure more victories while Robert is out."
Almunia, who becomes the second player to join the club on loan from the Gunners this season after England Under-21 midfielder Henri Lansbury.
Good news really, Almunia may not be the best keeper but in The Championship he will do a fantastic job for us until Greenie is back. Thanks again to Arsenal for doing us a favour with a good player on loan.
Filed Under: Latest News Tagged With: Arsenal, Loan, Manuel Almunia, Robert Green
Hislop: Redknapp Ruined J.Cole
Interesting reading today in the papers that Shaka Hislop has claimed that his former manager at West Ham, Harry Redknapp, is responsible for the failure of Joe Cole to live up to early hopes.
"Harry kind of liked Joe just to express himself, and we'd play around him, or around Joe's unpredictability," he said. "But encouraging him to be himself didn't help him.
"Talented though he is, when you don't have the ball he's got to give you something else. Everything about his game on that side, when your team don't have possession, he simply wasn't good enough. Harry did not help him in that respect; I don't think he was coached in that way."
Cole, who moved to French club Lille on a season-long loan from Liverpool scored his first goal for his new club last weekend. Yet Hislop insists he could have enjoyed a far more glittering career had Redknapp utilised him better.
"Harry wants players to come and just play naturally and he would fill the gaps around that," he continued. "It was the same with Paolo Di Canio. He would be allowed to do exactly what he wants and we would fill the gaps around him.
"It worked – you can't take that away from Harry. But in Joe's case, in terms of stepping up that extra level, it held him back. I know Joe well, I like him a lot and I hope he rediscovers his form. But you have to bring more than just that type of natural, unbridled ability."
I always thought Joe Cole was going to be a far better player than he turned out to be. I really thought we had the next Paul Gascoigne on our books when I watched him play. It was like having a Brazilian player, fantastic skill and ball control and dribbling past two or three players.
To be honest I don't entirely agree with Shaka, as when he went to Chelsea it was coached out of him to be the free spirited play maker he was for us, every time he got the ball he passed it straight back to the person who gave it to him and have very little conviction when trying to beat people, almost like he would be dropped for losing the ball.
Filed Under: Latest News Tagged With: Harry Redknapp, Joe Cole, Shaka Hislop
Allen: Baldock Like Cottee
I was interested to read earlier on the Official West Ham website that Martin Allen likens Baldock to Tony Cottee.
Goodness knows how long we have needed a goal scorer for, I thought it would have been Demba Ba but he was on his toes as soon as we got relegated.
Allen though is looking forward to seeing Sam Baldock make a name for himself at West Ham United.
The former Hammers midfielder had the young striker at MK Dons and believed then that he had the ability to go far in the game. Allen, now managing at Notts County, told West Ham TV that Baldock, 22, was reminiscent of a former West Ham United favourite.
"He is cool, calm and a finisher. He is Cottee-like. He is not always involved at the other end of the field but he is razor sharp. He comes alive around the box and he can finish."
Sounds promising, but only time will tell but I am optimistic over the little guy!
Filed Under: Latest News Tagged With: Demba Ba, Martin Allen, Sam Bald, Tony Cottee
Hammers Draw With Millwall
Sam Allardyce settled for a point from a competitive London derby at Millwall today but knew his team had made enough chances to have taken all three.
The Hammers headed to The Den in great away form and could have had a tremendous start inside the first minute when Henri Lansbury caught home keeper David Forde napping. Lansbury shot towards an empty net from fully 40 yards only to see it just flash wide.
He also hit the bar and Julien Faubert went close in the first half before Kevin Nolan and David Bentley spurned golden opportunities in the second 45. Although it is six games unbeaten, a first win at Millwall since 1991 still eludes the Hammers.
"We are disappointed we didn't win it but we respect the point we have got and a clean sheet based on the pressure Millwall put us under in the first half," said Allardyce.
"I thought it was a fantastic piece of vision from Henri [in the first minute]. I was thinking 'why the hell are you shooting from there?'He must have seen the keeper in the position he was and had the ball been on target it would have gone in the back of the net.
"It would have been nice to been talking about that goal but unfortunately it didn't go in."
Millwall recovered well from that early scare and gave as good as they got before half-time. Robert Green had to be alert for occasional forays forward but the Hammers looked more dangerous, even if they did have less of the ball than their hosts.
Even though we didn't win we didn't lose and against Millwall away I am happy with that! Can't allow them any bragging rights now can we!
Filed Under: Match Reports Tagged With: match report, millwall, Sam Allardyce, west ham united

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Canadian Auto Workers Take on SEIU/AFL-CIO
By NAT WEINSTEIN
The Canadian Auto Workers (CAW), headed by its president, Buzz Hargrove, has once again come head to head with the AFL-CIO bureaucracy. In 1984, during contract negotiations between the United Auto Workers (UAW) and General Motors (GM), the Canadian section of the UAW came into sharp conflict with the UAW bureaucracy headed at the time by the auto union's president, Owen Beiber.
In a nutshell, UAW President Beiber had negotiated a concessionary contract with GM and succeeded in overcoming resistance by GM union members in the United States. Bob White, director of the UAW's Canadian Division at the time, under heavy pressure from his more militant rank and file, refused to go along with Beiber's give-back deal with GM and led Canadian auto workers in a strike against GM.
Then despite Beiber's attempts to block the Canadians from exercising their democratic right to reject the contract and go on strike, the UAW president was forced to grant strike sanction. But later, after the strike was under way, Beiber sabotaged the Canadian Division of his union by making a back room deal with GM, stiffening the company's opposition and prolonging the strike.
Despite this treachery, the Canadian Division of the UAW succeeded in extracting a contract from GM with much better terms for its membership than the one Beiber tried to force down the throats of the UAW Canadian Division's membership.
The following year Canadian auto workers broke with the UAW and declared their independence. That was the genesis of the independent Canadian Auto Workers (CAW).
Now, in a letter published in the Toronto Globe and Mail (June 30, 2000), Hargrove reported that eight local unions in Ontario, representing some 30,000 service workers, decided to disaffiliate from the U.S.-based Service Employees International Union (SEIU) and applied to join the CAW.
(The CAW claims a total membership of 240,000, only one-third of whom are auto workers. This practice of unions in one industry organizing workers in other industries-wherever they can find more dues payers-has become generalized in both the U.S. and Canada.)
In Canada, unlike here in the United States, local unions affiliated with a parent international still have the legal right to sever their relations with one international and join another when they are convinced that their democratic rights have been violated-without having to abide by strict, government-imposed rules that, if abided by, would lead to the loss of all legal rights for the union seeking to either switch affiliation from one parent union to another or to go independent.
According to the Hargrove letter, the decision to join the CAW was supported unanimously by the elected leaders of eight SEIU local unions in the Canadian province of Ontario. The decision, he points out, "has since been ratified by more than 95 percent of the thousands of individual workers who have been allowed to vote on the issue."
But their parent union, the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), refused to accept the verdict of its membership. Hargrove further reports that the SEIU bureaucracy is presently "suing the dissident local leaders personally for millions of dollars."
However, although there are no virtually insurmountable government restrictions barring local unions from switching affiliation as in the United States, the Canadian Labor Congress (CLC), the umbrella organization for most unions in Canada (like our AFL-CIO), does bar such practices in the name of discouraging the "raiding" by one union of the members of another union. Thus, according to Hargrove, "the CLC has closed ranks with the SEIU" against the CAW and the eight former SEIU local unions.
"As of July 1," Hargrove writes, "we at the CAW will be effectively thrown out of the Congress, our leaders and members barred from participating in events ranging from national-level conferences to nitty-gritty local labor council meetings." He further explains that, according to Congress rules, "it is virtually impossible for workers to switch their membership from one union to another; as a result, the decision of the eight locals to join the CAW technically constitutes 'raiding.'"
Hargrove rebukes the CLC's moves toward expulsion of the CAW: "It doesn't matter how badly a union represents its members, or how much it loses the confidence of those who pay its bills. Its members can't switch affiliations without serious risk of losing their certification and their hard-fought bargaining gains altogether. And as long as dues money keeps flowing in from workers who are treated more like indentured servants than trade unionists, then the picture of happy solidarity is preserved-for the union leaders, anyway."
The Canadian auto union president argues in his open letter that his union's motives for having risked splitting the CLC are motivated by a "deep-seated commitment to union democracy, informed by our own bitter experiences with unaccountable leaders." (The bitter experience Hargrove speaks of is a reference to the UAW bureaucracy's disloyalty in giving the GM bosses surreptitious aid and comfort during the 1984 strike referred to above.)
Hargrove further lashes out at "cozy business unionism, in which union leaders take few risks and actively co-operate with employers in return for annual wage increases…" He further argues: "The CLC needs new rules governing membership disputes between unions. It also needs to facilitate more creative and militant tactics on the part of the movement as a whole."
Hargrove ends with the following statement clarifying his position further:
"Some leaders seem content to accept huge concessions and other setbacks so long as the dues kept coming. And if union members are prevented from democratically selecting new representatives, then the gradual decline and bureaucratization of Canada's labor movement will continue.
It may be a rocky road for the Canadian labor movement in coming years. But there are other times in our history when we reinvented and restructured ourselves to reflect new challenges, and new ways of facing them. It's far better to take a few risks to revitalize the hopes and dreams of rank-and-file union members than to watch the steady degeneration of a business-as-usual institution."
Which side should unionists take?
In the first place, it must be said that this newspaper doesn't take sides when factions of the capitalist class are in conflict with each other. Thus, Socialist Action stands in opposition to all capitalist politicians; Democrats, Republicans, Greens or, to paraphrase Shakespeare, a capitalist politician by any other name would smell as foul.
Neither do we take sides when capitalists in one country get into a conflict with capitalists of another country. And, most importantly, while we are opposed to all capitalists, our main fire is always focused on the class enemy in our own country.
The reasoning behind this is not at all complicated. It is first of all based on the indisputable fact that the class interests of all workers, everywhere, are in irreconcilable conflict with interests of the capitalist class everywhere. Capitalists are entirely motivated by their inexorable compulsion to maximize profits.
And secondly, the erroneous policy of focusing fire on capitalists in other countries that are in conflict with one's own capitalists leads inexorably to siding with one's own capitalists against their competitors in other lands-and by the same token, against the other country's workers as well.
There is no common ground between the two main social classes in the world today. An increase in wages and living standards in general means a reduction in profits; and a reduction in the workers' share of their labor product means an increase in profits-all other things being equal.
And conversely, we have everything in common with the class interests of working people everywhere.
However, in contrast to our principled opposition to capitalists of any variety, we may indeed take sides between opposing factions of union bureaucrats. Unlike capitalists, bureaucrats are a highly contradictory social category. On the one hand, bureaucrats tend to place their privileged positions-better pay, more comfortable life style-above that of the workers whose interests they are paid to represent.
But on the other, their privileged position depends on the continued existence of their union and the approval (getting reelected) of their dues-paying membership. Thus, in order for bureaucrats to keep their privileged positions, they are often compelled-to one extent or another-to defend the union as the source of their privileges.
Besides, all bureaucrats are not the same-some are truly worse than others. In fact, on rare occasions a union official comes along that adds up to taking real leadership.
The Teamster's Ron Carey, for instance, was one of those rare exceptions. In fact, he was the first-and so far the only-top international union officials to have shown real leadership in the years since the American labor bureaucracy joined forces with the capitalist class in 1947. That was when virtually the entire top leadership of the AFL and the CIO meekly allowed Republicans and Democrats to impose what they had initially called the "slave labor Taft-Hartley Act."(The most well known exception being the head of the coal miners international union, UMWA President and former CIO President John L. Lewis.)
And worse, the misleadership of both labor federations at the time, the AFL and the CIO, not only ordered their affiliates to sign the non-Communist oath required by the new antilabor legislation (as a condition before elected officials could hold office), they used the red-baiting capitalist attack on the unions to drive out of the union or silence virtually all dissidents, whether members of the Communist Party or not.
But after Ron Carey came along and led his Teamster rank and file to what could well have become a tide-turning strike victory over the United Parcel Service in 1997, the bipartisan capitalist government framed him up, removed him from office and expelled him from the Teamsters Union for life! It is patently obvious that they decided that it would be best to crush him and the movement he sparked in the egg-before it could gain a momentum that could not so easily be stopped.
Thus we don't shrink from siding with one faction of union officials against another, even when we have serious criticisms of those we may support. Our criterion, simply, is that we have the option of supporting those union officials who in the given context represent a position that serves the class interests of working people.
Let's take a look at the issues in dispute between the CAW and the the SEIU in the context of the current state of the unions in Canada and the United States. We must also take into account the relative levels of consciousness of workers in the two countries. The latter factor-the higher level of class consciousness of Canadian workers-has a lot to do with the better record of the CAW officialdom in contrast to that of the American labor bureaucracy.
Class-struggle & workers' democracy
It's impossible to understand the cause of the decline of unions in the United States in particular without taking account of the given country's history, the extent to which the bureaucratization of the unions has succeeded in curtailing union democracy and, by the same token, the degree to which the labor bureaucracy has succeeded in subordinating the interests of their rank and file to capitalist profits, buying off or repressing potential militants and stamping out insurgencies.
In regard to Hargrove's characterization of the SEIU international bureaucracy as "business unionists," let's take a look at the appointed Canadian vice-president of the SEIU, Sharleen Stewart's, written response to Hargrove's open letter.
In her response, Stewart adopted a stance that is almost a caricature of "business unionism." She starts off with the following characterization of the alleged "crimes" of the elected officials in the eight SEIU locals in Ontario that broke from the SEIU international and joined the CAW:
Imagine this: You get a fax on Sunday night from your senior vice-president tersely announcing his immediate resignation, as well as that of several others in senior management, who have collectively decided to move over to your competitor.
You arrive at your offices on Monday morning to find all your customer records missing, all your computers' hard drives gone or erased, and all the money in your bank accounts cleaned out by your ex-employees, who later explain that they have given it all to their lawyers for "safekeeping."
Upon investigation, you discover that the defectors have been secretly plotting this breakaway with your competitor for at least six months, probably longer, which is why your operation has been stripped so cleanly and efficiently of the records and money it needs to continue in business. [Emphasis added]
This gross example of a "business unionist," bureaucratic mentality has been so completely ingrained in the SEIU top bureaucracy that their appointee is completely oblivious of the impact of her statement on ordinary trade-union activists.*
Whatever his faults, Hargrove's defense of the democratic rights of the members of both the SEIU and the CAW to control their own affairs is not merely correct, it objectively advances the cause of the workers' movement and strikes a blow against the widely prevalent abuse of trade-union democracy by the labor bureaucracy.
But those who talk about how bad raiding is mean something else by the term. Union bureaucrats institute so-called anti-raiding rules and regulations primarily to stop union members from seeking to protect themselves from such abuses as the unjustified bureaucratic imposition of trusteeships, the unseating of duly elected officials from their posts and thereby abrogating the democratic rights of members of local unions.
In fact, when trade-union democracy is the norm, "raiding"-that is, the practice of a gang of bureaucrats in one union, stealing members from another-is pure nonsense. No one can do that if the union membership has the right to say no!
As a matter of fact, many of us active in the unions at the beginning of the 1940s or earlier cut our teeth, as it were, on such widely accepted truisms in the dynamic union movement of those days as there was really no such thing as a "jurisdictional dispute." Some of us learned the hard way-from experience-that hidden behind every alleged "jurisdictional dispute" between unions lies the class struggle between workers and bosses!
Thus, the CAW's acceptance of the eight SEIU locals in Ontario into membership was a progressive act of the first order. That becomes clear once we know how the decision to merge with the CAW evolved.
The CAW leadership were so far removed from the charge of "raiding," that when approached by the leaders of the eight SEIU unions, they asked if they had first sought to resolve their grievances within the organizational framework of their International.
The leaders of the Ontario SEIU locals told the CAW that they had exhausted every means provided by SEIU by-laws and its International constitution without success. And failing in their attempt to gain redress of their grievances, they had first approached the Canadian Labor Congress for help, which is the next highest body in their country's labor movement. It was only after the CLC officialdom turned them away that they approached the CAW.
Furthermore, American labor history testifies to the long accepted democratic right of local unions to switch from one parent body to another.
In fact, when the AFL and CIO were rival national labor federations before their merger in 1955, local unions subjected to such acts of bureaucratic abuse had the option of taking advantage of the rivalry between the AFL and the CIO and had the option of switching from one to another of the two federations.
Consequently, whatever the limitations of the CAW officialdom may be, in the current instance they stand at the head of a progressive struggle by the rank and file of their merged unions. And that, in the final analysis, is our criterion for taking sides in a struggle between factions in the workers' movement.
NY Cabbie Hunger Strike Wins Big!
By MARTY GOODMAN
On Nov. 3, hunger striker and taxi worker leader, Bahravi Desai, shouted out to an exuberant crowd of taxi workers and supporters, "We won! We won!" as a deal was struck with the city to reduce loans on the artificially inflated cost of city-issued taxi medallions.
India's Massive Farmer Struggle Wins Historic Victory
Protesting Indian farmers were called "terrorists," Sikh faith separatists, Maoists, and agents of Pakistan but their massive year-long mobilizations forced Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his far-right party to cancel its three pro-agribusiness laws first enacted in September 2020.
Workers rise up in strike wave
By MALIK MIAH
Thousands of workers are on strike right now in the United States, in what is being dubbed "Striketober". In some cases, bosses are using "replacements" (scabs) to cross pic


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text:
Q: How to implement DKIM for Domino mail server? I'd like to write a Domino servlet that will stamp outgoing mail with a DKIM domain keys signature.  We would generate the Domino mail server DKIM signature and put it in a TXT file with the DNS manager.  How can I stamp an outgoing message with the encryption key?  We would then add the DKIM signature to the header prior to releasing from mail.box.

A: Although requested by many, HTC Domino doesn't yet support DKIM nor DMARC. Implementing DKIM on Domino might not be as easy as writing a little servlet, as it involves canonicalization, computing hashes and signing them. After that, you'd have to add a signature header that has a strict format.
Although it's all documented in the RFC 6376, many things can go wrong. Therefore, I wouldn't recommend trying to write an own implementation for DKIM signing. On the other hand, if you did that and got it working, there's indeed a huge demand for this feature! Frankly, because you are asking this question on such an abstract level, you aren't quite there yet.
A more suitable solution might be setting up another SMTP server in front of the Domino server and configuring it to trust & DKIM stamp mail from Domino. There are e.g. many tutorials on how to achieve this with Postfix & OpenDKIM.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
from __future__ import with_statement
import os
import shutil
import sys

suites = ["kraken-1.1"]

def get_tests_path(path):
  prefix = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else '.'
  return os.path.join(prefix, path)

def get_hosted_path(path):
  prefix = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else '.'
  return os.path.join(prefix, "hosted", path)

def readTemplate(path):
    with open(path, 'r') as f:
        return f.read()

template = readTemplate(get_tests_path("resources/TEMPLATE.html"))
driverTemplate = readTemplate(get_tests_path("resources/driver-TEMPLATE.html"))
resultsTemplate = readTemplate(get_tests_path("resources/results-TEMPLATE.html"))

def testListForSuite(suite):
    tests = []
    with open(get_tests_path("tests/%s/LIST" % suite), "r") as f:
        for line in f.readlines():
            tests.append(line.strip())
    return tests

def categoriesFromTests(tests):
    categories = set()
    for test in tests:
        categories.add(test[:test.find("-")])
    categories = list(categories)
    categories.sort()
    return categories

def escapeTestContent(test,suite):
    with open(get_tests_path("tests/" + suite + "/" + test + ".js")) as f:
        script = f.read()
    output = template
    output = output.replace("@NAME@", test)
    output = output.replace("@SCRIPT@", script)
    dataPath = get_tests_path("tests/" + suite + "/" + test + "-data.js")
    if (os.path.exists(dataPath)):
        with open(dataPath) as f:
            datascript = f.read()
        output = output.replace("@DATASCRIPT@", datascript)
    datascript = None
    output = output.replace("\\", "\\\\")
    output = output.replace('"', '\\"')
    output = output.replace("\n", "\\n\\\n")
    return output

def testContentsFromTests(suite, tests):
    testContents = [];
    for test in tests:
        testContents.append(escapeTestContent(test, suite))
    return testContents

def writeTemplate(suite, template, fileName):
    output = template.replace("@SUITE@", suite)
    with open(get_hosted_path(suite + "/" + fileName), "w") as f:
        f.write(output)

for suite in suites:
    suiteDir = get_hosted_path(suite)
    if not os.path.exists(suiteDir):
        os.makedirs(suiteDir)
    tests = testListForSuite(suite)
    categories = categoriesFromTests(tests)
    testContents = testContentsFromTests(suite, tests)
    writeTemplate(suite, driverTemplate, "driver.html")
    writeTemplate(suite, resultsTemplate, "results.html")

    prefix = "var tests = [ " + ", ".join(['"%s"' % s for s in tests]) + " ];\n"
    prefix += "var categories = [ " + ", ".join(['"%s"' % s for s in categories]) + " ];\n"
    with open(get_hosted_path(suite + "/test-prefix.js"), "w") as f:
        f.write(prefix)

    contents = "var testContents = [ " + ", ".join(['"%s"' % s for s in testContents]) + " ];\n"
    with open(get_hosted_path(suite + "/test-contents.js"), "w") as f:
        f.write(contents)

shutil.copyfile(get_tests_path("resources/analyze-results.js"),
                get_hosted_path("analyze-results.js"))
shutil.copyfile(get_tests_path("resources/compare-results.js"),
                get_hosted_path("compare-results.js"))
shutil.copyfile(get_tests_path("hosted/json2.js"),
                get_hosted_path("json2.js"))
shutil.copyfile(get_tests_path("hosted/kraken.css"),
                get_hosted_path("kraken.css"))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
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We eat, sleep, & breathe the entertainment industry
A Message from BEM's President...
Welcome! For as long as I can remember, I have loved sports, music, and entertainment. In fact, since the mid-90s I've collected stacks of ticket stubs in my nightstand as a diary of extraordinary experiences and incredible memories.
I'm definitely a fan above all else, but in addition to confirming my life-long devotion to sports, music, and entertainment, these tickets signify milestones in my marketing career and represent the foundation of Bauer Entertainment Marketing. Most importantly, they confirm that my personal passion and professional goals align perfectly with yours: attract and engage with more fans.
Enjoy my story and share yours with me and my team soon!
Contact Brian
Get 3 Free Growth Ideas
NBA Championship final game - June 13, 1997
Being a kid in Chicago during the Michael Jordan era was a dream come true. The man was my hero. He defied gravity. I wanted to be like Mike! So, when a friend invited me to see MJ and the greatest NBA team of all time win their 5th championship against the Jazz, it was life-changing. Today, I emulate my childhood hero by always being a clutch performer and going the extra mile for BEM's clients. Think it can't be done? Think again.
Canadian Music Week - March 11-15, 2009
I'm a third-generation drummer and son of a piano teacher. So, it was almost destined that I became a musician, artist manager, and record-label professional. I experienced first-hand what goes into making records, licensing songs, booking shows, and performing around the world. I understand what it takes to launch and grow a music career, and that a great team behind you makes all the difference. At BEM, teamwork makes the dream work for our clients as collaboration is among our core values.
George carlin AT CAESARS - July 17, 2005
Comedy icon George Carlin once said, "People who see life as anything more than pure entertainment are missing the point." I see my life as entertainment and entertainment as my life. I live to have unforgettable experiences and to share them with others, which is why I made entertainment my career. At BEM, we deliver only the very best for fans, brands, and entertainers while having a lot of fun doing it.
Maryland Terrapins NCAA Playoffs - May 15, 2004
When it came to the sport of lacrosse, it was love at first sight. I attended and played at University of Maryland, mecca for this amazing game. As team captain, I led the undefeated Terps Lacrosse Club to a national championship. My athletic experience taught me exactly what it takes to achieve perfection. At BEM, we strive for flawless results for our clients and partners. No exceptions. No excuses.
Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Concerts - October 29, 2009
This show featured a who's who of all-star performers: Bruce Springsteen, BB King, Jerry Lee Lewis, James Taylor, Billy Joel, Simon & Garfunkle, Stevie Wonder, Smokey Robinson, and many more. What struck me is that these legends started their careers with a vision of what "could be" and worked tirelessly to go beyond "what is now." Our approach to marketing is identical. We know every step is meaningful when pursuing perfection. Our underlying goal is to generate growth for our clients that is self-perpetuating and limitless.
titans vs. bears - august 27, 2017
BEM is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. Living and working here is like being a kid in an all-night candy store. It's non-stop music, sports, and entertainment. It's also a thrill to raise my two sons here. When I took them to their first NFL game, I caught myself watching them more than the athletes! As a parent and marketer, I know how the next generation seeks and consumes entertainment. I'm eager to apply my first-hand knowledge of emerging trends and help accomplish your business goals.
Free Offer: 3 Growth Ideas
Bauer Entertainment Marketing, 1709 Martin Street, Nashville, TN, 37203, United States888-831-5779info@bauer-inc.com
info@bauerEM.com
1709 Martin St., Suite 202, Nashville, TN 37203
© Copyright 2013-2019. Bauer Entertainment Marketing


text:
THE PITTS: A 9/11 Burrow of the American Family
In his epic theater, Bertolt Brecht sought to illuminate the historically specific features of an environment in order to show how that environment influenced, shaped, and often battered and destroyed the characters. Unlike dramatists who focused on the universal elements of the human condition and fate, Brecht was interested in the attitudes and behavior people adopted toward each other in specific historical situations.
In Mahagonny and The Threepenny Opera Brecht demonstrated how people relate to each other in capitalist societies. In Mother Courage, he showed how tradespeople related to soldiers and civilians during war in an emerging market society. In The Measures Taken, Brecht depicted revolutionary relationships in the struggle in China. He believed that with this "historicization" one would have the best possible chance to adopt a critical attitude toward one's society. Brecht wanted audiences to view present social arrangements and institutions as historical, transitory, and subject to change. Epic theater was intended to show emotions, ideas, and behavior as products of, or responses to, specific social situations and not as the unfolding of the human essence.
When you see Brad Pitt or Jennifer Aniston in the movies or on television, their vehicle –the particular dramatization — is not intended to "estrange" or "distance" the spectator, preventing empathy or identification with situations and characters; a critical attitude toward the actions of a given plot is not encouraged. They are not paid to detour empathetic illusion or a mimesis of reality. Their bosses do not want them to expose the workings of societal processes and human behavior, showing how and why people behave a certain way in this society of ours. And they are paid handsomely for their work in what Brecht labeled "the narcotics capital of the world." Secular opium for the masses?
I don't know how much Brad or Jennifer get per picture, but I know that Mr. Pitt — if you average out his annual income — pulls in over a million dollars a day; Jennifer's take is very thick gravy on their Thanksgiving Turkey.
And speaking of "takes," I could take or leave Jennifer, but Brad has won me over in a big way a number of times. That said, a million dollars a day is something we have to address, regardless. Not because it says anything about the Pitts being greedy. Rather, it's something essential to confront because their collective take is peanuts in our present predicament, small fried potatoes in The American Feast. All the fuss about Oprah's bucks and Martha's millions notwithstanding, when it comes to the disparity in this land…which is growing each day, exacerbated worldwide…the whole lot of entertainers put together (including Michael Jordan, Madonna. Rosie et. al.) don't amount to much when stacked up against some of NPR's sponsors, those Corporate Behemoths.
The greed in Mahagonny and The Threepenny Opera, Mother Courage's sufferings, and persecution in Galileo, were all to be understood as historically specific constituents of a social environment, and dramatic presentations were intended to induce spectators to reflect on "why" these events happened, thus providing the audience with better historical understanding and knowledge.
The intention was to produce a kind of "shock and awe," if you will, posing questions such as: "Is that the way things are?", "What produced this?" It's terrible! How can we change things?" His montage of images and other techniques were designed to provoke the desire to implement radical social change. A very far cry from what the Pitts are engaged in, of course.
Brecht's epic theater broke with the "culinary theater" that provided each spectator with a pleasant experience or moral for easy digestion. He rejected theater that tried to produce an illusion of reality.
Bush pushes the "culinary theater" that Brecht so detested, "entertainment that provides the spectator with a pleasant experience or moral for easy digestion." His abominations in the real world are presented merely as Spectacle, and Entertainment Tonight –all of its varieties — makes sure that we don't delve into things like the fact that on July 26, 2001, John Ashcroft had stopped flying on commercial airlines. The Attorney General, just like Janet R. before him, used to fly commercially all the time. So why, two months before Sept. 11, did he start taking chartered government planes which cost $1,600-plus per hour? Why would he choose to go G-3 Gulfstream when he could have flown the way he'd always flown for a fraction of the cost? And, perhaps most importantly, when the FBI advised Ashcroft to stay off commercial aircraft, why did the rest of us just have to take our chances?
We will not go there, down that baleful burrow. We are too comfortable. We are too uncaring. We are too ignorant, stupid about our own history.
The irreparable devastation, the sheer suffering call out for something other than mere academic debate, waiting for the Electoral Godot, our Grande passion. But why not when we've got the Pitts with which to wile away the time? Besides we can point to Paul Newman, eyeglasses akimbo, peering out of a Nation ad advising us to bone up, Tim Robbins pontificating on the pluses of invading Afghanistan on a Donahue show, Garafalo going garrulous over grievances at gargantuan Media Reform Tour fare, and Moore/Franken selling tons of (dead tree) books. It all means about as much positive as the two cents that Ed Asner keeps kicking in whilst applauding the troops. We can still talk tears over Speilberg's Holocaust, but we won't allow ourselves a shred of decency respecting 9/11.
All of the Show begs the question of How Who would Hold Up at the next House Un-American Committee session following a 9/11 #2, if things got bad enough. Hardly a Brecht in the bunch I'll bet.4
In the Irish Times of '46, Beckett touched upon the River Vire which ran through Saint Lo, highlighting the difference between the mechanical, obligatory building of civilizations and the effect on the human mind of their destruction:
"Vire will wind in other shadows
unborn through the bright ways tremble
and the old mind ghost-forsaken
sink into its havoc."
Three hundred years from now — should we survive so long — Beckett will be remembered more for his poetry and prose than for his plays. A vision, a conception of humanity in ruins, an inkling of a different way to think about our condition once again is all available to the careful reader. And even though SB would have been horrified if Brecht had gone through with his plans to do a Marxist version of Godot, I'm sure he felt much common ground with the communist. But we can't say the same about Ground Zero groupies and grief-stricken victims of the world's so-called terrorists.
Let me suggest what we all are likely to be remembered for, Churchill's "little Eichmanns" and the rest of us. Recently, the new Hamas leader, Abdel-Aziz al-Rantissi asserted that "God declared war" against the United States and Israel — but stopped short of saying the group would strike U.S. targets. The Hamas chief, Abdel Aziz Rantisi, renewed threats to attack Israel in retaliation for the assassination of the group's founder, Sheik Ahmed Yassin. Stopped short of saying that they'd strike at American targets? How can that be believed? Who can believe that? Only by people who don't want to tear themselves away from their habitual forms of entertainment. Only by people who refuse to acknowledge what's motivating 9/11-type terror around the globe. Only by people who have Brad as their Baedeker.
I'm starting to hear strains of that old melodic Platters song, "Only You."
I looked up "Brad" in my Celebrity Thesaurus, and I came way with "charismatic," "talented," "virile" and "wealthy." The telling trouble is that many in America would make the same associations with Bush. With all that's come down to date, at least half of those polled, about 50% of those about to vote most likely. But in looking for "the enemy" one should not dwell on Hussein, Osama or GWB. It's the American public, not Bush nor bin Laden, my foolish fellow citizens.
Beckett, Brad, Bertolt Brecht and Bush, baleful, baneful and burrow. Alliteration. It's all so entertaining, isn't it?
Cras orci. Phasellus sem. In sodales neque placerat id, odio. Morbi congue et, placerat sodales. Vivamus sed libero ipsum lorem eget ipsum primis in faucibus. Integer eu eros. Mauris a leo. Suspendisse potenti. Cras interdum velit sit amet augue pulvinar at, fringilla at, fermentum ultrices urna, faucibus orci ut nibh
Réalisé par : www.merlette.fr


If the title or the illustration is any indication, then spicy sauce lovers unite and read on, for Dame Modern American Perfumery is launching something simpatico to your particular kink. Chilehead is an alternative form of chilihead, an affectionate term for people who love their chili peppers so much, they almost trip on on them! For those in the know, Jeffrey Dame has been a fragrance busi... Read full article: Dame Perfumery Chilehead: Peppery Sharpness for Cool Guys Humorous Gals from Fragrantica Perfumes and Colognes Magazine.


Thank you for your service and for being a Member of Daniel W. Dowling Post # 769.
About the Home Association: The Home Association insulates the Post and its assets from liability and the opportunity to have social or associate members who can contribute to our financial success. Also, the Home Association insulates the Post and the Post's assets from liability associated with liquor related operations. In order to accomplish this, the Post and Home Association must be separate and distinct entities so that the Home Association, Liquor Licensee, is not considered to be an agent or representative of the Post subject to its control.
We look forward to receiving your nominations and your attendance at the Daniel W. Dowling Home Association Election on Saturday, January 5, 2019at 11:00AM at Daniel W. Dowling Post #769, 351 Maple Street., Ambler.


Looking for a unique souvenir of your trip to Costa Rica – something that is a true representation of the local folklore, and does not have that "Made in China" stamp on it? Or, do you want to decorate your home here in Costa Ballena with handcrafted products that were made by our local indigenous, the Borucans? Then, make your way to the village of Boruca, located in the mountains between Palmar Norte and Buenos Aires, about two hours away.
If you want to shop closer to the Dominical, Uvita or the Ojochal area, then pay a visit to the Boruca Gallery Gift Shop located at Pacific Edge Cabins in Dominicalito, (see our ad). The Gallery has a wide collection of only the best detailed carved masks, as well as hand-woven, naturally dyed 100% cotton products such as wall hangings, placemats, table runners, tote bags and yoga mat carriers.
Our Gallery is very excited to have sold 230 masks and 240 woven products at a fair trade price last year (2015). This means that not only do the Borucans get paid a good price directly; the buyer also does not get charged a huge mark-up. The Gallery wants as many sales as possible to keep the money flow going into the Borucan village as 80% of their income comes from their handcrafted products.
Our stock is changing constantly; there are always new products available. At any one time, there are 25 – 40 unique masks ranging in price from $10 to $125 along with all the woven goods.
Please stop by The Gallery to learn about our indigenous folklore artwork!
Posted in Art & Culture, Indigenous People and tagged Borucans.


Equipped with an ingenious light sensor, the MEGAMAN® LED Sensor Light automatically lights up in darkness and turns itself off when the light is ample. It reduces electricity costs and investment on costly security lights. With its glamorous and sleek classic shape in a compact design, it delivers desirable lighting performance, making it ideal for general outdoor lamp fittings.


The Metagenomics course covers Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics of prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Topics are Metagenomics-specific issues like calling taxa, functional annotation, metagenome assembly and comparative Metagenomics.
The course is aimed at PhD students and post-docs or researchers with a similar level, but scientific programmers and data analysts with a background in biology and bioinformatics may also attend. Some bioinformatics experience (e.g. Linux, Bash or scripting) is required.
Participants will be invited to introduce their own research questions. Towards the end of the course remaining questions specific to your research will be discussed with the group.
Read about the previously organised course on the course archive page.


text:
Apple Computer Custom IC Definitions
Revision as of 17:17, 24 June 2020 by Netfreak (talk | contribs)
17 Individual Articles
Antelope. The Antelope IC is a custom IC containing the video CLUT (color look-up table) and DAC. The Antelope IC is pin and software compatible with the AC/DC custom IC used in the Macintosh Quadra 700 and 950, but does not support 24 bits per pixel or Apple convolution.
Ariel II. The Ariel II video chip provides a color lookup table (CLUT) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for driving an AudioVision monitor.
AWACS. The audio waveform amplifier and converter (AWACS) is a custom IC that combines a waveform amplifier with a 16-bit digital sound encoder and decoder (codec).
Bandit. The Bandit IC provides buffering and address translation between the processor bus and the PCI bus. The Bandit IC supports burst transfers, in both directions, of up to 32 bytes in length—the size of a cache block.
BART. The BART NuBus controller chip provides the data gateway between NuBus and the CPU bus. It acts as a CPU bus master, transferring one-cycle or four-cycle transactions.
Capella. The Capella custom IC provides the bus translation logic that bridges the 603e processor and the 68040-based custom ICs. It translates the 64-bit data from the 603e data bus into 32-bit data required by the 68040 bus and provides the necessary signals to maintain 68040 protocol.
Chaos, a custom IC that provides data bus buffering between the video subsystem and the processor bus
CIVIC. The Cyclone Integrated Video Interfaces Controller (CIVIC), used in the AV card, is a CMOS chip in a 144-pin package.
CLUT/DAC (color look-up table and digital-to-analog converter) IC developed by Apple and used in the Macintosh Display Card4•8, 8•24, and 8•24GC
Control, a custom IC that provides addressing and control for the video subsystem
Cuda. The Cuda IC is a custom version of the Motorola MC68HC05 microcontroller. It includes ADB, the programming interface for the DFAC II IC, real-time clock.
CudaLite. The CudaLite IC is a custom version of the Motorola MC68HC05 microcontroller. It provides several system functions, including ADB and PS2.
Curio. The Curio is a multipurpose I/O chip that contains a Media Access Controller for Ethernet (MACE), a SCSI controller, and a Serial Communications Controller (SCC).
DAFB (Direct Access Frame Buffer), an IC that connects directly to the system bus and controls the video RAM (frame buffer)
DFAC (Digitally Filtered Audio Chip), the sound input and filter IC first used in the Macintosh LC
DFAC II. The DFAC II custom IC contains the sound input processing devices. The DFAC II IC does not include the sound control logic and the input and output buffers; those are part of the PrimeTime IC.
EAGLE. The EAGLE gate array is a new custom chip that implements many functions that were provided by individual chips in earlier Macintosh computers. These functions include timing, video generation, memory mapping, sound, clock generation, and miscellaneous GLU (general logic unit) functions.
Enhanced ASC (Apple Sound Chip), a custom IC that replaces the Apple Sound Chip
F108. The F108 IC performs the system memory control functions. It also includes circuitry equivalent to the SCC and SCSI controller ICs.
Grand Central. The Grand Central custom IC provides an interface between the standard Macintosh I/O devices and the PCI bus. A DMA controller in the Grand Central IC supports DMA I/O transfers through that IC's internal I/O devices and through the Curio IC.
Hammerhead. A custom IC called Hammerhead controls the memory subsystem. The components of the Hammerhead IC are the system bus controller, the DRAM controller, the ROM controller, the second-level (L2) cache controller.
JDB (Junction Data Bus), one of two ICs making up the I/O Adapter, connecting the data signals from the system bus and the I/O bus
MCU (Memory Control Unit), a custom IC that connects to the system bus and controls regular and burst-mode data transfers to and from the main RAM and ROM
MEMCjr. The MEMCjr IC combines functions performed by several ICs in previous Macintosh designs. Control and timing signals for the ROM, RAM, and VRAM, a frame buffer controller for the video display.
MESH. The MESH IC is a custom IC that controls the SCSI bus to the internal SCSI devices. Because this bus does not have to drive a long external bus, it can operate at higher transfer rates than the external SCSI bus.
Mickey. The Mickey is a composite video encoder in a 28-pin advanced bipolar CMOS chip. It is used in the AV card.
O'Hare. The O'Hare IC is based on the Grand Central IC present in the Power Macintosh 7500 computer. It is an I/O controller and DMA engine for Power Macintosh computers using the PCI bus architecture
PrimeTime. The PrimeTime IC combines functions performed by several ICs in previous Macintosh designs. Data bus buffers for the internal I/O bus, SWIM II, interface adapters VIA1 and VIA2.
PrimeTime II. The PrimeTime II IC supports the I/O bus. It combines functions performed by several ICs in previous Macintosh designs.
PrimeTime III. The PrimeTime III IC supports the I/O bus and functions as the bridge between the 68040 bus and the I/O bus. It combines functions performed by several ICs in previous Macintosh designs (VIA1, VIA2, SWIM II).
PSX. The PSX IC functions as the bridge between the PowerPC 603e microprocessor and the PCI bus. It provides buffering and address translation from one bus to the other.
PSX+. The PSX+ IC functions as the bridge between the PowerPC 603e microprocessor and the PCI bus. It provides buffering and address translation from one bus to the other. The PSX+ IC also provides the control and timing signals for system cache, ROM, and RAM.
RaDACal, a high-performance digital-to-analog converter (DAC) used for the video stream to the monitor
Relayer, one of two ICs making up the I/O Adapter, controlling the bus buffers and providing bus arbitration logic
Sebastian. The Sebastian chip is a video color palette and video digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in a 100-pin CMOS configuration, used in the AV card.
Sixty6, an RGB-to-YUV converter and convolver for the second video output stream (on the Power Macintosh 8500 computer only)
Sonora is a new custom chip that integrates the functions of the V8 and SWIM chips used in the Macintosh LC II. These functions include timing, memory mapping, video and sound control, miscellaneous GLU (General Logic Unit) functions, and floppy disk control.
Spice. A custom IC called Spice combines several functions performed by individual ICs in older machines: memory mapping, VIA1/VIA2 registers, SWIM2.
Sporty, a custom IC that provides sound output amplification functions
Squidlet is a 28-pin chip that provides a set of synchronized system clocks for Power Macintosh computers.
SWIM (Super Woz Integrated Machine), the IC that supports the SuperDrive high-density floppy disk drive
Valkyrie. The Valkyrie IC is a custom IC containing the logic for the video display. It includes the following functions: display memory controller, video CLUT (color lookup table), video DAC (digital-to-analog converter).
Valkyrie-AR. The Valkyrie-AR IC is a custom IC containing the logic for the video display.
YANCC (Yet Another NuBus Controller Chip), a custom IC that controls the NuBus interface
Cuda IC
Valkyrie-AR IC
Valkyrie IC
O'Hare IC
PSX+ IC
Retrieved from "https://wiki.preterhuman.net/index.php?title=Apple_Computer_Custom_IC_Definitions&oldid=13336"


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text:
Is it Time to Sell Your Home?
Auction FAQ
All You Need to Know As a First-Time Home Buyer
Home / First Time Home Buyers / All You Need to Know As a First-Time Home Buyer
Apr 1, 2021 | First Time Home Buyers, New Home
Most people dream of owning the perfect house, but the buying process might feel a bit too overwhelming. From necessary legal work to the never-ending paperwork, some potential homeowners shy away from purchasing a home, especially for the first time, even though the desire is there. That's why it's always advisable to engage a knowledgeable realtor when buying a new home. At Gateway Realty, we guide you through the whole process, making it as seamless and simple as possible.
When looking to purchase a home for the first time, it's important to consider some essentials before moving forward.
Consider how much you want to spend on your new home. Keep in mind that your mortgage payment should still allow room in your budget for any necessary home maintenance or repairs that could come down the road – as well as room for your usual necessities. Remember that lenders may approve you for a higher loan amount than you really need or can afford, so don't take a larger loan just to get a new house that you won't be able to maintain for long.
Find the Right Mortgage Lender
Before purchasing a new home, make sure that you get a mortgage lender willing to take you through all of the mortgage processes. A recommendation of a mortgage lender from a trusted source is always a good start. Research more on the mortgage lender and find out from family and friends how good their services are. If you want to be able to act quickly on a home once you find the right one, be sure to get a pre-approval letter so sellers know you're ready!
Get Clarification for All Your Questions
With all the excitement and anticipation of buying a new home, it's normal to get carried away and miss out on crucial things that may affect you later after purchasing your new home. Before locking into a contract, write a list of all the questions you would like to ask the realtor, whether about the house itself, the neighborhood or schools, financial questions including taxes and insurance, and more. Not only will having all of your questions answered help you feel more comfortable about making such a large purchase decision, but it will also help you feel more informed about the process, eliminating any potential surprises at closing or beyond.
Are You Looking For a Reliable Realtor? Call Gateway Realty
Purchasing a home can seem like a frustrating endeavor, especially if you are a first-time buyer. That's why it's always a smart move to engage a licensed professional when doing so. At Gateway Realty, we offer you professional advice encompassing all the processes to undergo when purchasing a new home. Contact us today and let us help you on the journey in your new chapter of life where you get to own a home that you always wanted.
111 Halligan Drive | North Platte, NE 69101 | (308) 532-1810
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Working together, vitamins C, D, B1 (thiamine) and B3 (niacin) prevent cavities and anorexia. If you're just looking for good doses to try, click here.
These four vitamins are special because they are the only four vitamins associated with named pandemic deficiency diseases. The four diseases are scurvy, rickets, beriberi, and pellegra.
Of these four vitamins, vitamin D is the most unlike other vitamins and is highly toxic in overdose. Vitamin D is nunlike other vitamins because it is not naturally obtained from food. Your body produces the most vitamin D in your skin when it is bare (no sunblock) and untanned and exposed to direct mid-day sunlight (not morning or afternoon sunlight).
Exposing the skin to direct mid day sunlight is easily accomplished. For many people, exposing the skin to the sun feels great. I would argue it feels so good because it is necessary for good health and is risky. That's the conundrum. Just a little bit too much time - just minutes in intense sunlight for the sun sensitive - results in a painful burn. Way too much sun causes lethal sunburn, and is reported to have been used as a torturous form of execution. Regular sun exposure accelerates aging of the skin and increases the odds of getting skin cancer. Although the skin cancers associated with sun exposure are rarely lethal, they are ugly and leave permanent scars when removed.
Faced with the obvious negatives of sun exposure accompanied by the obvious attractiveness of the sun, the medical establishment has naturally taken on the role of warning the public about the dangers of the sun. Since children (and many adults) naturally tend to get plenty of sunshine because it feels so good, there has not been too much concern about the possibility that great harm could be getting done by insufficient exposure to the sun. Vitamin D was an exception. All healthcare providers recognized the importance of this vitamin. The solution hit upon was to spike the food supply with vitamin D so that everyone would get enough from the diet and would not need to be concerned with getting vitamin D from the sun.
Here the vitamin D conundrum becomes painful. Nature can be very unkind. Vitamin D supplements are far more dangerous than vitamin D produced in the skin by the sun. There are no reports of serious vitamin D side effects from sun exposure. Side effects from regular doses of vitamin D above 2000 IU per day are an ordinary event. Very recent science has proven that regular sun exposure synthesizes 10,000 to 20,000 IU/day of vitamin D in the skin and results in high levels of vitamin D circulating in the bloodstream. At least 4000 to 5000 IU/day of vitamin D by mouth is required to achieve the higher levels of vitamin D achieved from sunshine alone, and daily doses of 10,000 to 20,000 IU/day by mouth normally cause acutely toxic blood levels well above what can be achieved by the sun. Again, it is impossible to cause highly toxic levels of vitamin D in the blood from sun exposure.
There is surprising controversy in the medical community concerning the toxicity of vitamin D supplements. I say surprising because the hard truth is that vitamin D is the active ingredient in a common rat and mouse poison. The poison or "bait" is made up of 1 part vitamin D added to 999 parts of a dry food that the target rats or mice find irresistable. For example, here's a link to Quintox Seed rat and mouse poison. Vitamin D supplements are toxic to humans too, and have caused nutrition boards headaches ever since the decision was made to supplement the food supply with vitamin D. To learn about the details of vitamin D side effects, read more here.
So - the hard truth is that vitamin D taken by mouth has different effects on the body than vitamin D produced naturally in the skin from sunshine. The harder truth is that excellent health and longevity is associated with regular sun exposure. It is highly likely that most people have to get regular sun exposure and age their skin in order to get the maximum benefits from vitamin D. It is also highly likely that sunlight catalyzes other important reactions in the skin, and that vitamin D is not the only healthy metabolic pathway reliant on the sun.
There's no one right answer for optimizing the use of vitamin D - hence the conundrum. It's especially beyond me to figure out how to devise policy to encourage parents and schoolboards to optimize the sun exposure of children. We need to start, however, by reaching a consensus about vitamin D. Are we, or aren't we, living amidst an epidemic of vitamin D deficiency of our own making. Does vitamin D from the sun prevent cavities and anorexia or not? If it does, are cavities an anorexia an epidemic or are they just an ordinary cost imposed by "necessary" evolutionary pressures from the environment (surely it is eutopian to imagine a society without strong evolutionary pressures imposed by the environment?).
Whatever one might think about policy, I think everyone agrees that access to unbiased, factual information about the importance of vitamin D is a human right. Dark-skinned immigrants to low-sunlight countries and cultures (submarine crews are an extreme) should be explicitly warned of the risks.
People think that a high intake of Calcium is enough to ensure stronger teeth. Just as important in keeping our teeth and gum healthy is Vitamin D which is present in many food or can be taken as a supplement too.
I must agree with you on this one. Vitamin D alongside a good oral hygiene is the key in preventing cavities.


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var CheckInvariants = Dagaz.Model.CheckInvariants;

Dagaz.Model.CheckInvariants = function(board) {
  var design = Dagaz.Model.design;
  var isFound = false;
  _.each(design.allPositions(), function(pos) {
      if (!design.inZone(1, board.player, pos)) return;
      var piece = board.getPiece(pos);
      if (piece === null) return;
      if (piece.player != board.player) return;
      if (piece.type > 0) return;
      isFound = true;
  });
  var moves = [];
  if (isFound) {
      _.each(board.moves, function(move) {
          if (!_.isUndefined(move.failed)) return;
          _.each(move.actions, function(a) {
              if ((a[0] === null) || (a[1] === null)) return;
              if (!design.inZone(1, board.player, a[1][0])) return;
              move.failed = true;
              if (a[3] > 1) {
                  var m = prefix(move, a[3] - 1);
                  if (!m.isPass()) {
                      moves.push(m);
                  }
              }
          });
      });
  }
  _.each(moves, function(move) {
      board.moves.push(move);
  });
  CheckInvariants(board);
}

})();


text:
Sir Fazle Hasan Abed receives World Food Prize
Sir Fazle Hasan Abed, BRAC's founder and chairperson, was announced as the winner of the 41st annual World Food Prize today. Sir Fazle has been recognised for his outstanding contribution to enhancing the world's production and distribution of food to those most in need.
Ambassador Ken Quinn, President of the World Food Prize Foundation, announced this year's winner at a ceremony at the State Department in Washington, DC on 1 July 2015. A $250,000 award, the World Food Prize is often called the Nobel Prize for Food and Agriculture.
"Being selected to receive the 2015 World Food Prize is a great honour," said Sir Fazle in a statement. "I thank the Foundation for its recognition of the work of BRAC, which I have had the privilege to lead over the last 43 years. The real heroes in our story are the poor themselves and, in particular, women struggling with poverty. In situations of extreme poverty, it is usually the women in the family who have to make do with scarce resources. When we saw this at BRAC, we realised that women needed to be the agents of change in our development effort."
BRAC's contributions to poverty and hunger eradication and food security are widely credited as a major contributor to Bangladesh's progress in halving the poverty rate since 1990, in line with the UN's Millennium Development Goals. By focusing on scalable solutions, BRAC's food programmes have turned into sustainable social enterprises that provide inputs and access to stable markets for the rural poor. Under BRAC's agriculture and food security programme, 133,000 farmers were trained with improved farming technologies in the year 2014.
BRAC's agriculture and food security programmes are part of a larger set of poverty eradication interventions working in 11 countries, empowering the poor, women and girls especially, using tools like microfinance, education, healthcare, legal services, community empowerment, social enterprises, and a full-fledged university, BRAC University, in Dhaka.