Tim Bergling (Swedish: ; 8 September 1989 – 20 April 2018), known professionally as Avicii (/əˈviːtʃi/, Swedish: ), was a Swedish musician, DJ, remixer and record producer. At the age of 16, Bergling began posting his remixes on electronic music forums, which led to his first record deal. He rose to prominence in 2011 with his single "Levels". His debut studio album, True (2013), blended electronic music with elements of multiple genres and received generally positive reviews. It peaked in the top ten in more than fifteen countries and topped international dance charts; the lead single, "Wake Me Up", topped most music markets in Europe and reached number four in the United States.
For the Buddhist mythological place, see Avīci.
Tim Bergling (Swedish: [tɪm ²bærjlɪŋ]; 8 September 1989 – 20 April 2018), known professionally as Avicii (/əˈviːtʃi/, Swedish: [ɑviʃi]), was a Swedish musician, DJ, remixer and record producer.
In 2015, Bergling released his second studio album, Stories, and in 2017 he released an EP, Avīci (01). His catalogue also included the singles "I Could Be the One" with Nicky Romero, "You Make Me", "X You", "Hey Brother", "Addicted to You", "The Days", "The Nights", "Waiting for Love", "Without You" and "Lonely Together". Bergling was nominated for a Grammy Award for his work on "Sunshine" with David Guetta in 2012 and "Levels" in 2013. Several music publications credit Bergling as among the DJs who ushered electronic music into Top 40 radio in the early 2010s.
Bergling retired from touring in 2016 due to health problems, having suffered stress and poor mental health for several years. On 20 April 2018, Avicii committed suicide in Muscat, Oman. He was buried on 8 June in his hometown of Stockholm.
Tim Bergling was born on 8 September 1989 in Stockholm, Sweden, to Klas Bergling and actress Anki Lidén. He has three siblings, David Bergling, Linda Sterner and Anton Körberg. Inspired by his brother, who was also a DJ, he began making music at the age of 16. In May 2007, Avicii signed on with the Dejfitts Plays label.
Bergling was a member of the Laidback Luke Forums, where he refined his craft and, at times, demonstrated his distinct deep house style. By 2009 to 2010, Bergling was a prolific producer and was releasing music incredibly quickly. His remixes during this period were "Sound of Now", "Muja", "Ryu" and "Even". Bergling explained that the name Avicii means "the lowest level of Buddhist hell" (Avīci) and he chose the moniker because his real name was already used upon creating his Myspace page. Then, in 2010, Bergling released the hit song "Seek Bromance", which reached the top 20 in several countries, including Belgium, France, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Sweden. He also remixed Nadia Ali's classic single "Rapture" for her album Queen of Clubs Trilogy: Onyx Edition. In October 2010, Bergling signed with the European A&R team with EMI Music Publishing.
In 2011, Bergling released "Levels", which launched him into the mainstream. The song was produced by Bergling and contains a vocal sample from the 1962 gospel-inspired "Something's Got a Hold on Me" by Etta James. The same vocal sample was used earlier by Pretty Lights in his 2006 song "Finally Moving". This sample was also used by drum and bass producer Logistics on "Call Me Back" and by Flo Rida in his single "Good Feeling", which was produced by DJ Prak and Cirkut. "Levels" reached the top ten in Austria, Belgium, Bosnia, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia and the United Kingdom, whilst topping the charts in Hungary, Norway and Sweden.
In 2012, his collaboration track "Sunshine" with David Guetta was nominated for a Grammy award under the category for Best Dance Recording. His track "Fade into Darkness" was sampled by Leona Lewis on her single "Collide". The sampling was not accredited and led to controversy as Bergling attempted to block the single's release. The matter was resolved out of court with representatives stating "that Leona Lewis and Avicii will work together on the forthcoming single of Collide".
Bergling was a featured performer on 4 August 2012 at Lollapalooza festival in Chicago's Grant Park. On 12 August 2012, he released "Dancing in My Head" (Avicii's 'Been Cursed' Mix) on Beatport. The track features vocals from Eric Turner. A radio edit of the track, titled "Dancing in My Head" (Tom Hangs Mix) was released on 14 August 2012 on iTunes, and a remix EP was later released on 30 October 2012 featuring remixes from Charlie Bernardo and Michael Woods. On 26 September 2012, Bergling made history as the first DJ to headline the world-famous Radio City Music Hall in New York City. He performed two sold out shows on 26 and 27 September. He was supported by Matt Goldman and Cazzette at the two shows. At his Radio City Music Hall shows, he played a preview of his new track with Mike Posner titled "Stay with You".
On 29 December 2012, Bergling premiered many new songs at Lights All Night, Dallas Convention Center, some of which made it on to his first album, True. These unreleased songs included "I'll Be Gone" and "Let It Go". The instrumental of "Let It Go" was mixed with the a capella of "Addicted to You" to become "Addicted to You (Avicii by Avicii)".
On the same day, Bergling released "I Could Be the One" with Nicky Romero. After first being debuted at his shows almost a year earlier, the track finally got released via Bergling's record label LE7ELS. The new vocal version was released along with an instrumental version, a radio edit, and remixes from Audrio and Didrick. On 9 January 2013, Bergling launched the Avicii X You project, a partnership with Ericsson designed to create the world's first "crowdsourced" hit song. The project enabled fans to send in basslines, effects, melodies, rhythms and vocals to Bergling as sound files over the Internet. The song features sequences from Kian Sang (melody), Naxsy (bassline), Martin Kupilas (beat), Ваня Хакси (break), Jonathan Madray, Mateusz Kolata, and Christian Westphalen (effects). Bergling acted as executive producer and created the finished song officially titled X You, which was released on 26 February 2013. On 30 January 2013, Bergling released "Three Million" featuring Negin to celebrate three million fans on his Facebook page.
In March 2013, Bergling announced and premiered many new tracks from his new album True, which would later be set to be released in September, during his Main Stage set at Ultra Music Festival in Miami. The new tracks were experimental in nature. For example, Bergling brought out a stomping band to play through the new bluegrass-tinged song "Wake Me Up". Many of these new songs received mixed critical reviews after the concert.
On 14 June 2013, the world premiere of Bergling's new single, "Wake Me Up", was previewed by Pete Tong on BBC Radio 1, featuring vocals from Aloe Blacc. The song was later released on iTunes and radio on 25 June 2013. It is the first single from Bergling's album True, which was released on 16 September 2013. "Wake Me Up" was number 1 on the Spotify Global Chart and Bergling was at 2 in most streamed artist worldwide. "Wake Me Up" later went on to set a then record of 14 weeks as the number one hit on Billboard's Dance/Electronic Songs list. The Official Charts Company announced on 21 July that "Wake Me Up" had become the UK's fastest selling single of 2013 after overtaking Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines", having sold 267,000 copies in its first week on sale in the UK. "Wake Me Up" subsequently became a major hit, topping the charts in over 20 countries including Australia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Sweden, the Netherlands, and New Zealand.
On 19 October 2013, the DJ Mag 2013 Top 100 DJs List was announced, with Bergling ranking number 3 on the list. Hardwell became the new World No.1 displacing Armin Van Buuren. On 28 October 2013, Bergling released the single "Hey Brother" with vocals by Dan Tyminski. On 10 November, Bergling won his first award "Best Electronic" at the MTV EMA's. On 24 November 2013 he won the American Music Award for favorite Electronic Dance Music Artist.
In December 2013, Bergling released his fourth single off the album, "Addicted to You", which reached number 5 in Australia, with vocals from Audra Mae, who also sings on "Shame on Me" and "Long Road to Hell", both tracks on the album. Bergling also released the single "Lay Me Down", featuring vocals from Adam Lambert and guitar from Nile Rodgers. On 29 December 2013, Bergling debuted his new track "Dreaming of Me", featuring vocals from Audra Mae, via episode 19 of his LE7ELS podcast. It is unknown whether it will be released in the future.
In July 2014, Bergling released his single "Lay Me Down". He also produced and collaborated with Chris Martin from Coldplay, co-writing and co-producing the track "A Sky Full of Stars" from the band's sixth studio album Ghost Stories, released on 19 May 2014. He also played and recorded the piano parts on the track. "A Sky Full of Stars" was released on 3 May as the second single from Ghost Stories. "Lovers on the Sun", a track Bergling co-produced with David Guetta, was released on 30 June 2014. Avicii also worked with Wyclef Jean on a single titled "Divine Sorrow" for the Hatian singer's upcoming album Clefication.
During his tour for True, he also performed his upcoming single "No Pleasing a Woman" with vocals from Billie Joe Armstrong of the American rock band Green Day. It has a similar instrumental to "Wake Me Up" albeit different chord progressions, along with "No Pleasing a Woman". Bergling also performed other upcoming songs like "In Love with Your Ghost" with Daniel "Danne" Adams-Ray, "Love to Fall" with Tom Odell and "Million Miles" with LP, which is the demo version of "Trouble", a song from Stories with vocals from Wayne Hector.
"Lose Myself", a collaboration between Bergling and Chinese singer Wang Leehom, was released on 1 September 2014. On 8 September 2014, his 25th birthday, Bergling decided to cancel all of his remaining performances of 2014 due to health concerns. The following day, he announced through Denim & Supply that he would release his new single "The Days" later in 2014; a video was also featured with a preview of the track. "The Days" is a collaboration between Bergling and Robbie Williams, and was released on 3 October 2014 via PRMD. On 16 September 2014, it was announced through EA Sports that Bergling was debuting a new track called "The Nights" exclusively on FIFA 15. On 17 November 2014, it was officially announced that the track is to be released as a part of an EP together with "The Days". On 17 November 2014, Wyclef Jean released a track titled "Divine Sorrow" featuring Avicii.
On 2 March 2015, Bergling performed live at Australia's Future Music Festival his upcoming single "Heaven", a collaboration with Coldplay frontman Chris Martin on vocals. The vocals were later resung by singer Simon Aldred from Cherry Ghost; Chris Martin will receive writing credits on "Heaven". A lot of songs were leaked into the internet via Bergling's UMF set 2015. These songs include "Heaven", "Waiting For Love," and some of his ID's "For A Better Day", "City Lights", "Can't Catch Me", "True Believer", "What Would I Change It To", "Can't Love You Again" (previously leaked on the internet under the name "Don't Call") and "Attack".
On 6 May 2015, Bergling released his rework of Nina Simone's version of "Feeling Good", composed in 1964 by the English songwriters Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse. On 8 May 2015, Bergling previewed his song "I'll Be Gone" via episode 422 of Tiësto's Club Life Podcast which has a very similar instrumental to Liar Liar (Avicii by Avicii) albeit different vocals and chord progressions. It was leaked into the internet between 2013–2014 via the name "Stars" and is yet to be released. It also shares a similar drop to one of Bergling's ID's "Black and Blue". On 22 May 2015, Bergling premiered another single from Stories, "Waiting for Love". The track was co-produced by fellow DJ and producer Martin Garrix, and featured vocals from Simon Aldred of Cherry Ghost. On 25 May 2015, Bergling previewed three old tracks on episode 36 of his LE7ELS podcast: "Tracks of My Tears", "Sorry Mr. Atari" and "Time to Get lll", all of which are songs that Bergling had made years ago. "Tracks of My Tears" is the original version of Bergling's "All You Need is Love". On 27 May 2015, it was confirmed by a Swedish newspaper through an interview with Bergling that his sophomore album Stories would be released in late 2015.
On 3 July 2015, Bergling previewed two tracks from his album Stories on episode 37 of his LE7ELS podcast: "Broken Arrows" featuring Zac Brown Band and "Can't Catch Me" featuring Wyclef Jean and Matisyahu. He also played a full version of his track "Heaven" and said that he was doing another track with Chris Martin on vocals called "True Believer". Later, Bergling said that he is also singing on that track. On 18 July 2015, it was announced by Bergling that he had finally finished production on Stories after 2 years of work.
A couple of weeks later, on 4 August 2015, it was announced that the final singles before the release of Stories would be "For a Better Day" featuring American singer Alex Ebert and "Pure Grinding" featuring vocals from Kristoffer Fogelmark and Earl St. Clair. On 27 August, Bergling released a teaser video on Instagram with the song "Pure Grinding" playing. The tracks "For a Better Day" and "Pure Grinding" were released the following day through Spotify and iTunes. On 26 September, Bergling announced "Stories – Megamix" on Spotify. Stories was released on 2 October 2015 alongside 3 promotional singles: "Broken Arrows" with Zac Brown, "Ten More Days" with Zak Abel and "Gonna Love Ya" with Sandro Cavazza.
On 15 January 2016, Bergling released his remix of Morten's "Beautiful Heartbeat". Coca-Cola had partnered with Bergling for a global campaign anthem "Taste the Feeling" featuring Conrad Sewell. The song was released on 19 January. On 25 January, Bergling teamed up again with Coldplay to co-produce the band's single "Hymn for the Weekend", which was released as the second single from their album A Head Full of Dreams. In 2016, according to a report by Inc. magazine, Avicii was the 6th fastest-growing company in Europe, with a revenue of €7.7 million in 2014.
On 19 March 2016, Bergling performed live at Ultra Music Festival and premiered new IDs such as "Without You (feat. Sandro Cavazza)", "We Burn (Faster Than Light)", and a collaboration with Australian pop star Sia (which he first played in Dubai). On 29 March, Bergling announced on Facebook that he would be retiring from performing live and touring in 2016. On 7 April 2016, Bergling announced that he was working on a third studio album. On 3 June 2016, Bergling released his collaboration with Otto Knows titled "Back Where I Belong". It's the second collaboration with the two producers after "Itrack", back in 2011.
On 15 July 2016, Bergling released a remix of his own song, "Feeling Good". The remix was titled "Feeling Good (Avicii by Avicii)". This track was only released on Bergling's official YouTube channel. On 1 August, it appears to have been pulled with the YouTube video being made private. On 28 August 2016, Bergling performed his final live performance in Ibiza, before retiring from touring citing health concerns. His initial announcement was made on his website in April.
On 22 December 2016, a representative of Avicii Music AB had announced that Avicii had parted ways with long-time manager Ash Pournouri and At Night Management along with Ash's record label PRMD. The representative also announced that Avicii had signed on to Universal Music Sweden and was expected to release his third studio album in 2017.
In June 2017, British singer Rita Ora debuted a semi-acoustic version of "Lonely Together" at a private event at Annabel's in London. "Lonely Together" was later the second single from Avīci (01). From 13 July to 2 August, Avicii shared one-minute snippets on Instagram, captioned "New music coming very very (very) soon!", with track titles as hashtags. Avicii uploaded teasers of each track from the EP online upon release.
On 10 August 2017, Bergling released the six-track EP Avīci (01). Avicii said of the release: "I'm really excited to be back with music once again. It has been a long time since I released anything and a long time since I was this excited over new music! My focus on this first EP of the album was to get a mix of new and old songs: some that fans have been asking about and waiting for mixed with brand new songs that they haven't heard before!"
In an interview with Pete Tong on BBC Radio 1, Bergling stated that the EP is one of three parts of his third studio album. On 11 September 2017, Avicii announced a documentary entitled Avicii: True Stories. The documentary chronicles the artist's retirement from touring and features interviews from his colleagues David Guetta, Tiësto, Wyclef Jean, Nile Rodgers and Chris Martin of Coldplay.
On February 10, 2018, Avicii released "Ghost", a collaboration with Swedish singer-songwriter Daniel Adams-Ray, who was credited as HUMAN. The song, which was leaked on the internet in 2014/2015 under the title "(I'm Still) In Love With Your Ghost", marks the second collaboration with the 2 Swedes following "Somewhere In Stockholm" from Avicii's album "Stories".
Following Avicii's death, news outlets reported that at the time of his death, he had over 200 unreleased songs, some finished and others still in development. It was further stated that he had produced some of the best songs in his career before his passing. Avicii's management have yet to announce a release for his unreleased music. However, in August 2018, producer Carl Falk, who co-produced Bergling's "Stories" album in 2015 and his latest EP, stated that he's putting the finishing touches on the Chris Martin collaboration "Heaven" (originally written during the "Stories" sessions) and that it might be posthumously released in a few months along with the third album.
Daft Punk (left) and Swedish House Mafia (right) were both influences on Avicii's sound.
Bergling's influences included Daft Punk, Swedish House Mafia, and Eric Prydz. He described his introduction to electronic music as "listening to a lot of Daft Punk, way before I knew what house music was".
Bergling's early work was deep house and progressive house, usually based on a four-chord structure, sub-bass and a simple synth melody. His debut studio album True featured a blending of music genres, including folktronica. While making the album, Bergling wanted to fuse the electronic music genre with soul, funk, blues, folk and country, as he felt that EDM had become too focused on "dirty drops". Its first single, "Wake Me Up", is a folk music crossover, which, as noted by a The Observer writer, "tapped into the market potential of mixing EDM and country, a template many artists have since recreated". A Variety editor commented that Bergling's "distinct sound" was comprised by "soaring synths and keening melodies". Musicians such as Kygo, Skrillex, Diplo, Martin Garrix and Cheat Codes have cited him as a source of inspiration.
After achieving widespread commercial success, Bergling began working with his manager and executive producer Ash Pournouri to start House for Hunger in 2011, a charity dedicated to alleviating global hunger. The pair wanted to showcase the giving spirit fostered by the house music community. Bergling explained, "You have to give something back. I am so fortunate to be in the position where I can actually do that. I feel lucky every day when I wake up and am able to do what I love and make a living." In addition to donating $1 million to Feeding America, a charity founded by John van Hengel, House for Hunger has helped fund the efforts of The Feed Foundation, started by Laura Bush, allowing it to distribute over 2 million school meals throughout Africa. He also supported campaigns against human trafficking and gang violence when he directed the videos for his tracks "For a Better Day" and "Pure Grinding".
In January 2012, Bergling was hospitalized for 11 days in New York City with acute pancreatitis caused by excessive alcohol use. In 2014, Bergling underwent surgery and had both his appendix and gallbladder removed. In 2016, Bergling's health deteriorated and he retired from performing live. In the 2017 documentary Avicii: True Stories, Bergling spoke about his physical and mental health struggles. The documentary depicts the pressure from his management to continue performing live in spite of his objections.
"Our beloved Tim was a seeker, a fragile artistic soul searching for answers to existential questions. An over-achieving perfectionist who travelled and worked hard at a pace that led to extreme stress.
When he stopped touring, he wanted to find a balance in life to be able to be happy and to do what he loved most – music.
He could now not go on any longer.
On 1 May, TMZ reported that the cause of death was a suicide due to self-inflicted injuries with a broken wine bottle, with Avicii eventually dying of blood loss. On 22 May, Bergling's family announced plans for a private funeral with "the people who were closest to him". Bergling was buried on 8 June at the Skogskyrkogården cemetery in Stockholm.
On 20 May, American DJ duo, The Chainsmokers, and American singer-songwriter, Halsey, paid tribute to Avicii at the 2018 Billboard Music Awards before presenting the winner of the Top Hot 100 Song. The Chainsmokers' Drew Taggart said, "His passing was a great loss for the music world and for us. He was an artist who inspired so many in so many ways, and simply put, he meant so much to us and everyone in the EDM community." Halsey then delivered an emotional discussion about mental health and emphasized the need for people to love and support each other.
On 27 May, at BBC's Biggest Weekend, Rita Ora, Avicii's most recent collaborator, paid tribute to the late DJ, describing him as "a really good friend" who "changed [her] life". A similar tribute was also paid by Ora during King's Day and Capital's Summertime Ball.
On April 22, 2018, American band OneRepublic paid tribute to Avicii by performing his hit single "Wake Me Up" during their show in Mumbai. On the same day, Tiesto played a medley of Avicii's songs at EDC Las Vegas. Aloe Blacc joined him on stage to perform "Wake Me Up".
The 2018 edition of Tomorrowland saw several tributes to Avicii from Axwell Λ Ingrosso, Don Diablo, Nicky Romero, Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike, Zedd and Kygo, the latter mentioning that Avicii was his big influence in EDM. All DJs honoured his memory by playing his music in their sets during the festival which Michael Thivaios (Like Mike) described as Avicii's home. Thivaios continued calling Avicii "one of [his] best friends" and "a great inspiration".
On July 27, Russian DJ/Producer Arty released a song called "Tim" as a tribute to Avicii. "I made a track for my friend," he stated. "I just want to honor his memory. I want to do something right, and in my opinion it's the right thing to do."
In addition to the live tributes, many other artists including Eric Prydz, Imagine Dragons, Calvin Harris, and Zedd also paid tribute to Avicii on Twitter.
On 16 November, Avicii's family organised a public memorial service at the Hedvig Eleonora Church in Stockholm. The service saw a huge fan turn-out, with hundreds of fans filling the church to mourn pay their respects. The service featured an orchestral choir which played music linking to events in Avicii's life and ended with a version of his 2013 number one hit "Wake Me Up". One fan described it as a "very moving" service and "a great tribute to Avicii".
Avicii was depicted on a Swedish postage stamp issued 15 January 2015 by PostNord Sverige.
Avicii was named in the 2016 song "I Took a Pill in Ibiza" by American singer and songwriter Mike Posner. Posner recounts the event when he went to an Avicii show in Ibiza and got a mystery pill from someone, with the starting lyrics "I took a pill in Ibiza / To show Avicii I was cool". The song was made in the week they wrote a song together in Sweden called "Stay with You".
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↑ Houston, Roger (11 November 2013). "Avicii Wins Best Electronic Award at MTV EMA". exqlusiv.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
↑ "AMA Winners List 2013". Hollywoodlife.com.
↑ "Avicii – Addicted To You". ARIA Charts. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
↑ "Listen: Audra Mae featured on Avicii's new album "True," out today". NewsOK.com. 17 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
↑ "Avicii Radio Podcast DJ Mix: Levels – Episode 019 + Tracklist". Dash Berlin. Archived from the original on 20 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ Coleman, Miriam (8 March 2014). "Madonna Announces Collaboration With Avicii". Rolling Stone.
↑ Lipshutz, Jason (28 March 2014). "Avicii replaced by Deadmau5 at Ultra Music Festival 2014". Billboard.
↑ "Daily Wrap-Up: 4–2–14". NoisePorn. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
↑ "LISTEN: Adam Lambert Debuts New Dance Song!". The Huffington Post. 13 September 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
↑ Stern, Bradley (30 June 2014). "David Guetta And Avicii Team Up For 'Lovers on the Sun (Feat. Sam Martin)': Listen". idolator.com.
↑ Ramirez, Erika (28 August 2014). "Exclusive: Wyclef Jean Announces 'Clefication' Album & Avicii-Assisted Single". Billboard. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
↑ Edwards, Gavin (31 July 2014). "Avicii Calls in Rock & Roll Collaborators for Follow-Up to 'True'". Rolling Stone (1214). Retrieved 31 August 2014.
↑ "EXCLUSIVE: Avicii & Billie Joe Armstrong – No Pleasing A Woman (PREVIEW)". 28 July 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
↑ "Avicii – The Nights (Audio)". 17 November 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2015 – via YouTube.
↑ "Coca-Cola Invites The World To "Share The Sound of an AIDS Free Generation" And Support (RED)". The Coca-Cola Company. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
↑ "AVICII – LEVELS PODCAST". Podcast Chart. Archived from the original on 25 May 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ "Avicii reworks Nina Simone classic 'Feeling Good' and it's big". Digital Spy. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ Maybir, Lawrence. "Avicii Premieres New Track On Tiesto's Club Life Podcast". Your EDM. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ "Avicii's new track 'I'll Be Gone' isn't so new". Dancing Astronaut. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ "Avicii, Martin Garrix And John Legend Team Up For New Song 'Waiting For Love'". Capital XTRA. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
↑ "iTunes – Podcasts – AVICII – LEVELS PODCAST by Avicii". iTunes. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ "Avicii håller hov i Las Vegas". Göteborgs-Posten. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
↑ "Avicii Drops Two Unreleased Tracks From New Album". Wegotthiscovered.com. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
↑ "On which song on Stories did Avicii sing?". Quora. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ Tim Bergling on Twitter: "Finally finished my album! After two years of hard work it is finally done! Feels so good!. Twitter.com (18 July 2015). Retrieved 16 October 2015.
↑ Avicii Announces Two New Singles, 'For A Better Day,' 'Pure Grinding'. Radio.com (24 August 2015). Retrieved 16 October 2015.
↑ "Avicii's 'Stories' album mega-mix leaks ahead of album release". Dancing Astronaut. 26 September 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
↑ "Stories by Avicii on iTunes". iTunes. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
↑ "Beautiful Heartbeat (feat. Frida Sundemo) (Avicii Remix) by MORTEN, Frida Sundemo, Avicii". beatport.com. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
↑ "Rising Australian Pop Singer Conrad Sewell, With Assist From Avicii, Fronts Coca-Cola's New Campaign". Billboard. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
↑ "Listen To This Epic Three Way Collab Between Coldplay, Beyoncé, and Avicii". Your EDM. 3 March 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii Named 6th Fastest-Growing Company In Europe". Your EDM. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ Davis, Noah. "Young, Digital, and Hungry: Inside the Companies of the Inc. 5000 Europe". Inc.com. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Read About the Companies in the Inaugural Inc. 5000 Europe". Inc.com. 24 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii – Hello world, Thank you for letting me fulfil so..." Facebook. 29 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii Planning To Release New Album After Retiring". DJMag.com. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii, Otto Knows New Releases: Back Where I Belong (feat. Avicii) on Beatport". Beatport.com. 3 June 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii Debuts Brand New Single, "Feeling Good (Avicii by Avicii)"". Your EDM. 23 February 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ "Avicii Officially Retires From Touring". Billboard. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ Medved, Matt (22 December 2016). "Avicii & Longtime Manager Ash Pournouri Part Ways". Billboard. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ Wass, Mike (28 June 2017). "Rita Ora Debuts New Song "Lonely Together" At A Private Event". Idolator. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ Rishty, David (3 August 2017). "Avicii Reveals New 'Avīci' EP & Release Date, Teases More Music". Billboard. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ McCallum, Rob (3 August 2017). "Avicii teases more new music ahead of forthcoming release". DJ Mag. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ Rishty, David (7 August 2017). "Avicii Shares 'Avīci' EP Track List, Feat. Rita Ora, AlunaGeorge & More". Billboard. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ Staples, Derek (9 August 2017). "Avicii shares 'Avīci' EP tracklist, feat. Rita Ora, AlunaGeorge, more". DJ Mag. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ Erik (7 August 2017). "Avicii Returns To His Roots In Teaser For New Collaboration With Billy Raffoul". EDM Sauce. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
↑ "Avicii chats to Pete, Paul Oakenfold and DJ Alfredo recorded in Ibiza, Pete Tong". BBC Radio 1.
↑ Bein, Kat (11 September 2017). "Avicii Offers A Rare Look Into His 'True Stories' With Documentary Trailer: Watch". Billboard. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
↑ Nöje (21 May 2018). "Sources: New Avicii album will be released". Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved 9 July 2018.
↑ Iasimone, Ashley (21 April 2018). "Avicii's Unreleased Album Was His 'Best Music in Years,' Says Geffen Exec". Billboard. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
↑ "Avicii's Single "Heaven" With Chris Martin Is Being Prepared For Release". 5 August 2018.
↑ "Avicii's Track 'Heaven' With Chris Martin Is Set To Be Released After The DJ's Death".
↑ Did you know Avicii named Daft Punk, Swedish House Mafia and Eric Prydz as key musical influences?| Picture Galleries. Capital FM. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
↑ Weiner, Jonah. "Daft Punk: All Hail Our Robot Overlords". Rolling Stone.
1 2 Blacklow, Jeremy (21 April 2018). "Remembering Avicii, the Pop Innovator Who Led EDM Into the Mainstream". Variety.
↑ Greenburg, Zack O'Malley (14 August 2013). "Avicii And The Ever-Changing Definition of EDM". Forbes. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
↑ Bain, Katie (21 April 2018). "Avicii: the poster boy for EDM who struggled with the spotlight". The Observer. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
↑ Marzovilla, Julia (20 April 2018). "Avicii's Death Mourned by Calvin Harris, Marshmello, deadmau5 & More". Billboard. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
↑ "FEED". FEED Foundation. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
↑ Amorosi, A.D. (14 February 2013). "Avicci: Leading By Example With Charity". DJZ.com. Archived from the original on 8 April 2013.
↑ Youngs, Ian (20 April 2018). "Avicii: The superstar DJ behind some of the decade's biggest hits". BBC News. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
↑ Bein, Kat. "Avicii's Health Struggles: A Timeline". Billboard. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
↑ Nevins, Jake (20 April 2018). "Avicii: chart-topping EDM star dies aged 28". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 April 2018. In 2016, Avicii retired from live performing due to health reasons, having suffered from acute pancreatitis owing, in part, to excessive drinking. In 2014, his gallbladder and appendix had been removed.
↑ Stack, Liam (20 April 2018). "Avicii, Electronic Dance Music Producer and D.J., Is Dead at 28". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 April 2018. But Avicii retired from international touring in 2016 at age 26 after a series of health scares that struck while he was on the road. He had his gallbladder and appendix removed in 2014. Before that, at 21, he learned he had acute pancreatitis, which he said was related in part to excessive drinking.
↑ Halperin, Shirley (11 September 2017). "'Avicii: True Stories' Documentary Reveals Star DJ's Struggles With Health, Fame and Early Retirement (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
↑ Vultaggio, Maria (20 April 2018). "What is pancreatitis? Why Avicii stopped performing in 2016". Newsweek. Retrieved 20 April 2018. Swedish DJ Avicii died Friday in Oman, a statement from his rep told Billboard. He was 28 years old. A cause of death was not immediately known, but the DJ previously suffered from pancreatitis.
↑ "Avicii är död". Dagens Nyheter (in Swedish). 20 April 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
↑ Nyren, Erin (21 April 2018). "Police Say 'No Criminal Suspicion' in Avicii's Death (Report)". Variety. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
↑ "Avicii's family reveals 'he could not go on any longer' in new statement". The Independent. 26 April 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
↑ "Avicii's cause of death revealed: Report". Consequence of Sound. 1 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
↑ "Avicii's tragic cause of death revealed after devastated family say DJ took his own life". Daily Mirror. 1 May 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
↑ "Avicii cause of death reported as 'blood loss' as family confirm DJ died by suicide". 1 May 2018.
↑ Kaplan, Ilana (22 May 2018). "Avicii's family announce funeral plans saying it will host only 'the people who were closest to him'". The Independent. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
↑ "Swedish DJ Avicii buried in private funeral". The Straits Times. 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
↑ "Awards 2018: Chainsmokers and Halsey Honor Avicii At BMAs". Variety Magazine. 20 May 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
↑ "Watch The Chainsmokers & Halsey Pay Tribute To Avicii at the 2018 BMAs". Billboard. 20 May 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
↑ Savage, Mark (27 May 2018). "Biggest Weekend: Rita Ora's Avicii tribute". BBC News. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
↑ "Rita Ora pays emotional tribute to Avicii at BBC's Biggest Weekend – NME". NME. 27 May 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
↑ "WATCH: Rita Ora Pays Emotional Tribute To Avicii".
↑ "As a tribute to Avicii, One Republic performs Wake Me Up in Mumbai during their maiden concert - Hollywood News".
↑ "Relive Tiësto's Emotional Avicii Tribute Set In Full From EDC 2018 [VIDEO]". 21 May 2018.
↑ CNN, Theresa Waldrop,. "DJ Kygo calls Avicii 'a true musical genius' in emotional Coachella tribute".
↑ "Avicii Remembered by Axwell & Ingrosso, Hardwell and More at Tomorrowland 2018". www.billboard.com.
↑ "Multiple Avicii tributes at Tomorrowland honour the late EDM star". 23 July 2018.
↑ "ARTY Honors Avicii's Legacy & Generosity With Uplifting Melody On 'Tim': Exclusive".
↑ Ritschel, Chelsea (20 April 2018). "Avicii dead: Fellow musicians post tributes to the late DJ". Independent.co.uk. The Independent. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
↑ "Avicii's father honours DJ's life and legacy at emotional memorial attended by hundreds of fans". 17 November 2018.
↑ Bein, Kat (11 September 2017). "Avicii Offers A Rare Look Into His 'True Stories' With Documentary Trailer: Watch". Billboard. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
↑ Rebecka Ljung (6 November 2014). "First Aid Kit och Avicii på frimärke" (in Swedish). Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
↑ "Mike Posner – I Took A Pill In Ibiza Lyrics | Genius Lyrics". Genius.com. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Avicii.


text:
Jewish World Review July 26, 2006 / 1 Menachem-Av, 5766
Smearing education choice
http://www.JewishWorldReview.com | This month, papers all around America reported that according to the U.S. Department of Education, "children in public schools generally performed as well or better in reading and mathematics than comparable children in private schools."
The New York Times put the study on its front page, along with a quote from teachers' union president Reg Weaver, who claimed it showed "public schools were doing an outstanding job."
Most public schools are far from outstanding. America's government schools have rigid one-size-fits-all rules that reward mediocrity. Despite raising per-student spending to more than $10,000 (at least $200,000 per classroom!), test scores have stayed flat. On international tests, Americans now lag behind students from less developed nations like Poland and Korea that spend a fraction as much money on education.
The people who run the international tests told us, "the biggest predictor of student success is choice." Nations that "attach the money to the kids" and thereby allow parents to choose between different public and private schools have higher test scores. This should be no surprise; competition makes us better.
It's true in America, too, as we know from the few tiny choice experiments that have squeaked past the restrictions of the unions and the education bureaucrats. There are now eight studies from some of the places where choice has been tried. All show that when parents are given choices, kids' performance improves. But those studies didn't make the front page of The Times.
Why? Were they inferior to the new study? Not at all. Many were the best kind of controlled studies — they followed students who were assigned by lottery to get a ticket out of the regular public schools. That gave the researchers two nearly identical populations to compare. Again and again, kids who won the lottery did better than those who were stuck in the standard government schools.
Then why did the new study conclude that public schools performed as well?
The researchers tortured the data.
It seems the private school kids actually scored higher on the tests, but then the researchers "dug deeper." They "put test scores into context" by adjusting for "race, ethnicity, income and parents' educational backgrounds to make the comparisons more meaningful."
Maybe it's unfair to call that "torturing the data." Such regression analysis is a valid statistical tool. But it's prone to researcher bias. Statistical hocus-pocus is not the best way to compare schools. "Ideally, to ascertain the difference between the two types of schools, an experiment would be conducted in which students are assigned (by an appropriate random mechanism) to either public or private schools." That quote, believe it or not, is from the study. But the ever-scrupulous journalists at The Times didn't find that "fit to print."
In any case, it's telling that they put so much emphasis on 4th and 8th grade tests. That's just the beginning of a student's education. American 4th graders do pretty well in international competitions. It's by 12th grade that Americans are so far behind. The longer they spend in America's bureaucratic schools, the worse they do. I'd like to see The Times publish results of 12th grade comparisons, but I won't hold my breath.
Why are the mainstream media so eager to defend a unionized government monopoly? Maybe The Times gave the "adjusted" test data (and an earlier version of it published in January) so much play partly because of the editors' dislike of "conservative Christian" schools (which did poorly in the study) and the Bush administration (which has talked about bringing market competition to education).
But I suspect the biggest reason is that the editors just don't like capitalism and free markets.
JUST OUT FROM STOSSEL
Myths, Lies and Downright Stupidity: Get Out the Shovel --- Why Everything You Know Is Wrong
Stossel mines his 20/20 segments for often engaging challenges to conventional wisdom, presenting a series of "myths" and then deploying an investigative journalism shovel to unearth "truth." This results in snappy debunkings of alarmism, witch-hunts, satanic ritual abuse prosecutions and marketing hokum like the irradiated-foods panic, homeopathic medicine and the notion that bottled water beats tap. Stossel's libertarian convictions make him particularly fond of exposes of government waste and regulatory fiascoes. Sales help fund JWR.
JWR contributor John Stossel is co-anchor of ABC News' "20/20." To comment, please click here.
© 2006, by JFS Productions, Inc. Distributed by Creators Syndicate, Inc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


April, 2018 - long-term credit rating confirmed at BB- on the international scale and ruAA- on the national scale. The outlook for both ratings is stable.
April, 2017 - long-term credit rating confirmed at BB- on the international scale and ruAA- on the national scale. The outlook for both ratings is stable.
April, 2016 - long-term credit rating confirmed at BB- on the international scale and ruAA- on the national scale. The outlook for both ratings is negative.
October, 2015 – long-term credit rating confirmed at BB- on the international scale and ruAA- on the national scale. The outlook for both ratings is stable.
October, 2014 – long-term credit rating confirmed at BB- on the international scale and ruAA- on the national scale. The outlook for both ratings is stable.
October, 2013 - the long-term credit rating was decreased to "BB-" on the international scale and to "ruAA-" on the national scale.
December, 2012 - the long-term credit rating of Tomsk Region was confirmed at 'BB' on the international scale and 'ruAA' on the national scale with stable outlook for both ratings.
December, 2011 - the long-term credit rating of Tomsk Region was raised to BB on the international scale and to ruAA on the national scale.
June, 2011 - the long-term credit rating was raised to BB-. The national scale rating was raised from ruA to ruAA-. The outlook for both ratings is stable. Recovery rating at 3, unchanged.
September, 2010 - the long-term credit rating was raised to B+ with positive outlook. The national scale rating was raised from ruA- to ruA.
April, 2010 - Tomsk Region long-term credit rating and national scale rating were raised from В-/ruBBB to В/ruА- with positive outlooks for both ratings.
February, 2010 - the outlook for the ratings of Tomsk Region was revised from stable to positive. The long-term credit rating B- and national scale rating ruBBB were reaffirmed.
A 'BB' rating was assigned to the proposed 5bn rubles commercial papers issue of Tomsk Region.
A B-/ruBBB senior unsecured rating was assigned to a planned issue of bonds worth 2.2bn rubles in addition to publicly traded internal bonds worth 1.001bn rubles. With amortization of 25% of bonds in December 2008, actual placement volume will amount to 1.65bn rubles (approx. 50m US dollars). Bonds shall be redeemed in 2009-2011 through amortization in equal-sized annual installments in the amount of 25% (July 2009).
Senior unsecured ratings – long-term credit rating B+ and national scale rating ruA+ – were assigned to a planned issue of Tomsk Region internal bonds worth 2.5bn rubles (В+/CreditWatch negative/—; ruА+/CreditWatch negative/—). The ratings were put on CreditWatch list with negative outlook (November 2008).
The ruA+ national scale rating was confirmed for senior unsecured internal bonds of Tomsk Region issue worth 1.4bn rubles. The issue was increased by 1bn rubles (from 400m rubles). Bonds redeemed through amortization and falling fixed coupon bonds will be redeemed in 2012 (February 2008).
2016-2017. Rating confirmed at 3В1 (lowered potential – medium risk).
2015-2016. Rating confirmed at 3В1 (lowered potential – medium risk).
2014-2015. Rating confirmed at 3В1.
2013-2014. Rating confirmed at 3В1.
2011-2012. Rating confirmed at 3В1.
2010-2011. Rating confirmed at 3В1.
2009-2010. Rating reaffirmed at 3В1.
2008-2009. Rating reaffirmed at 3В1.
2007-2008. Rating reaffirmed at 3В1.


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Hawai'i Mayors Pledge: 100% Renewable Ground Transportation by 2045
December 13, 2017, 10:12 AM HST
* Updated December 14, 9:42 AM
Maui Mayor Alan Arakawa joined leaders from all four counties in making a pledge to transition all ground transportation in their counties off of fossil fuels by 2045.
Honolulu Mayor Kirk Caldwell, Maui County Mayor Alan Arakawa, Kauaʻi County Mayor Bernard P. Carvalho Jr. and Hawaiʻi County Managing Director Wil Okabe, representing Mayor Harry Kim, set the new target by signing their respective proclamations.
The mayors of Honolulu and Maui also pledged to transition all of their fleet vehicles to 100% renewable power by 2035.
"It is vitally important that we chart a new course that steers us away from fossil fuel use and carbon emissions in our ground transportation," said Maui Mayor Alan Arakawa. "The goals we are setting today are not only desirable, but attainable, and help send a message that Maui County and Hawaiʻi are open for innovation to help ensure the greater health of our communities and the planet as a whole."
By signing the proclamations, the leaders have pledged to transform Hawai'i's public and private ground transportation to 100% renewable fuel sources over the next 28 years.
ARTICLE CONTINUES BELOW AD
The proclamations were signed on board the Polynesian Voyaging Canoe Hōkūleʻa, whose call to action during its recent historic worldwide voyage was resiliency and sustainability in the face of a changing climate.
The proclamations coincide with the state's recent commitment to the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement, which seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and keep global warming in check. The four Hawaiʻi mayors join leaders in France, Great Britain, India, China, Dublin, Madrid, Oslo, Milan, Paris, and Brussels who have also committed to transition their transportation systems away from fossil fuels.
"The stakes are too high for Oʻahu, as well as the rest of our state. We have to change our path," said Mayor Caldwell. "With this announcement we want to send a message that we welcome the next phase of Hawaiʻi's clean energy transformation, which will not only reduce our carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel imports, but will also ensure a more resilient future."
The four counties are the first in the nation to announce a shared commitment for such a bold goal. The proclamation builds off the historic 2015 state law that mandates 100% of Hawai'i's electricity be generated by renewable sources by 2045—the nation's first such benchmark.
Local businesses and clean energy organizations applauded the historic action by the four mayors.
"This initiative will spark innovation and entrepreneurship in our state," said Sherry Menor-McNamara, President and CEO of the Chamber of Commerce Hawaiʻi. "We've seen how the renewable energy revolution in electricity has grown jobs and helped keep over $300 million every year in the local economy."
"We commend the vision of these leaders in setting the course for Hawaiʻi's sustainable transportation future," said Jeff Mikulina, Executive Director of Blue Planet Foundation. "This goal has been one of the missing pieces in our clean energy puzzle."
Report: Hawai'i Economy to Grow at 1.7% Annually… June 28, 2018
California Hotel $450,000 Pledge to University of… July 26, 2018
200+ Hawai'i Restaurants Pledge to be Localicious in March February 24, 2020
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Q: auto populate the account record field value I have a custom object 'X', while creating a new record in object 'X' there a lookup field related to account object, when i select any account name 'Vinay' then the 'vinay' related account record field should be auto-filled in the 'X' object like email,phone,billingCity? how to achieve this?

A: If you do want to edit those field values then You can use Formula fields and use the formula like below
Account__r.Phone

if You want to edit these fields after saving the record then Go For Process Builder OR workflow to update the Field values in Object X from Account. To update the fields formula will be same as above
Account__r.Phone

The criteria for Process Builder will be Account Not Null

Note: - Use the Correct API name and Use Insert Field option to Select
  the Field

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) — President Nicolas Maduro celebrated the start to a second term as Venezuela's leader Thursday, but his world got smaller as countries seized upon the inauguration to cut back diplomatic ties, reject his legitimacy and label him a dictator.
Once among Latin America's wealthiest countries, Venezuela is enduring a historic crisis following two decades of socialist rule, with residents struggling to afford basic goods as inflation soars, driving mass migration.
Maduro's second six-year term extends the country's socialist revolution amid widespread complaints that he has stripped the country of its last vestiges of democracy.
Seventeen Latin American countries, the United States and Canada denounced Maduro's government as illegitimate in a measure adopted Thursday.
Maduro rejected the accusation, vowing to continue the legacy of the late President Hugo Chavez and accused the United States of trying to ignite unrest through its increasing economic sanctions.
Maduro, a 56-year-old former bus driver and Chavez's hand-picked successor, took the helm of government after narrowly winning election following Chavez's 2013 death. He denies being a dictator and often accuses President Donald Trump of leading an economic war against Venezuela that is destroying the country.
In May, Maduro declared victory following an election that his political opponents and many foreign nations consider illegitimate because popular opponents were banned from running and the largest anti-government parties boycotted the race.
Paraguay went a step further, severing diplomatic ties. Peru also called home its top diplomat from Caracas in protest and banned 100 members of Maduro's administration from entering the country. Argentina suspended Venezuelan diplomatic and official passports for banned high-ranking members of Maduro's administration from entering.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in a statement that the United States would keep up pressure in support of the Venezuelan people.
Argentine President Mauricio Macri also denounced Maduro, saying he lacks the authenticity won through honest elections despite the elaborate inauguration ceremony.
Most countries from Europe and Latin American didn't send representatives to the swearing-in.
Presidents Miguel Diaz-Canel of Cuba, Evo Morales of Bolivia and Anatoli Bibilov of a breakaway province of Georgia were among the few foreign leaders who attended the ceremony at the country's Supreme Court.
Venezuela, which sits atop the world's largest oil reserves, produced 3.5 million barrels of crude daily when Chavez took power. Output has plummeted to less than a third of that. Critics blame years of rampant corruption and mismanagement of the state-run oil company PDVSA.
The economic collapse has thrown the nation of 30 million people into turmoil.
The economy in 2019 will continue to contract and inflation will skyrocket at a staggering 23 million percent, forecasts Francisco Rodriguez, a former Venezuelan official who is now chief economist at New York-based Torino Capital.
An estimated 2.3 million Venezuelans have fled, according to the United Nations. Those remaining live on a monthly minimum wage equal to less than $5 and falling daily.
Venezuela's splintered opposition movement has failed to counter the socialist party's dominance as Maduro's government has jailed or driven into exile its most popular leaders.
"Today there is no head of state. Today there is no commander-in-chief," Guaido said.
The Trump administration has increased pressure on Maduro through financial sanctions, targeting dozens in Maduro's government. U.S. banks are also banned from doing business with Venezuela, putting a financial strangle-hold on the cash-strapped country.
David Smilde, a Tulane University professor and expert on Venezuela, said that sanctions aren't likely to create change. Ultimately, Maduro's government isn't worried about its international reputation, he said.
While Maduro's popularity has plunged amid scarcities, hyperinflation and rising authoritarianism that have sparked a mass emigration, supporters who receive government subsidies in shantytowns continue to back him.
"It's not the president's fault," said Frances Velazquez, a 43-year-old mother of two who survives with the help of government-subsidized boxes of rice, flour and cooking oil. Velazquez blamed opportunists who drive up the prices of scarce items for making life difficult for families like hers.
Others, like 52-year-old construction worker Ramon Bermudez, have lost hope of escaping Maduro's rule.
He pointed out the irony of living in a nation with the world's most abundant oil reserves yet having to wait in line overnight to fill three small canisters of natural gas to cook at home.
Associated Press writers Luis Alonso Lugo in Washington and Fabiola Sanchez and Jorge Rueda in Caracas contributed to this report.


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In the eighteenth century, history painting was widely recognised as the highest artistic genre. Hogarth's innovative approach to subjects and patronage is the focus of this gallery
In the eighteenth century, history painting – in which the artist represented only the most elevated literary, historical and religious subjects – was widely recognised as the supreme artistic genre. Despite the notorious lack of patronage for such works from the state, the church and the English aristocracy, Hogarth managed to monopolise the most important commissions for history paintings that did emerge from these sources during his career. In a highly original strategy, he also exploited the potential of new London hospitals as sponsors and venues for such canvases. In pictures such as David Garrick in the Character of Richard III, meanwhile, he successfully imbued portraiture with the gravitas and thematic depth expected of history painting.
Hogarth's history paintings show him continually exploring the relationship between the ideal and the abject, the elegant and the grotesque, and in doing so, challenging high art's traditional boundaries in the most radical way. In their experimentation with the pictorial and narrative conventions of the genre, and in their restless engagement with the issues of illness and suffering, sexual desire, patricide, racial difference, family breakdown, tyranny, corruption and inequality, Hogarth's history paintings emerge as works of art as vital, critical and highly as his greatest satires and portraits.
Satan, Sin and Death (A Scene from Milton's `Paradise Lost') c.1735–40
Satan, Sin and Death (A Scene from Milton's 'Paradise Lost') c.1735–40
This remarkable, unfinished canvas shows the scene in Milton's Paradise Lost in which Sin – 'woman to the waist, and fair, | But ended foul in many a scaly fold | Voluminous and vast, a serpent armed with mortal sting' - intervenes between the armed figures of Satan and Death as they prepare to fight at the gates of hell. She is shown on the point of revealing to Satan that she is both his daughter and a former lover, and that the skeletal figure of Death is the offspring of their incestuous relationship.
In Hogarth's canvas Sin is pictured as if trapped and imprisoned by the many-headed tentacles that wrap themselves around her torso and writhe from her waist; furthermore, her expression and her gestures are tender and imploring, rather than malicious or manipulative. Here, Hogarth attempts to fuse a feminised iconography of sentiment with a sublime and grotesque imagery of hell-fire, violence and monstrous masculinity.
Study for 'The Pool of Bathesda' c.1735
Manchester City Galleries
This study is for the enormous picture of The Pool of Bethesda that continues to hang alongside its pendant, The Good Samaritan, at St Bartholomew's hospital in London. These works, the artist's first attempts at history painting on such a large scale, were painted after Hogarth, hearing that the Italian painter Giacomo Amiconi was negotiating with the governors of St Bartholomew's to decorate the hospital's newly built ceremonial stairwell, offered his own artistic services for free.
In The Pool of Bethesda Hogarth depicts the episode from the New Testament when Christ moves amidst a gathering of 'impotent, blind [and] withered' sufferers at the sacred pool of Bethesda, whose waters, when disturbed by the seasonal visit of an angel, supposedly had the power to cure the first person who entered them (John 5: 7). Hogarth focuses on the central moment of this parable, when Christ miraculously heals a lame man whose poverty and disability had precluded him from ever enjoying the pool's benefits.
A Scene from 'The Tempest' c.1730–5
Nostell Priory, the St Oswald Collection (The National Trust. Acquired with the help of The Art Fund in 1971)
This was an important painting for the artist, in that it was an exercise in small-scale history painting executed for one of Hogarth's small band of devoted aristocratic patrons, the Earl of Macclesfield. It is likely that Hogarth hoped it would stimulate future commissions of a similar kind. Though these never materialised, the painting itself is a rich and remarkable one, unjustly neglected in the standard scholarship on the artist.
The depicted moment is adapted from Act 1, Scene ii of Shakespeare's The Tempest, when the beautiful and virginal heroine, Miranda, first encounters her future husband, the royal prince Ferdinand. He has just been washed up on the remote Mediterranean island where Miranda and her father, the magician-like Prospero, live in exile. Hogarth places Miranda's seated, partially unclothed figure within a group of male figures that includes on the left the instantly besotted Ferdinand; and, on the right, Caliban, the 'savage and deformed native of the island' who acts as one of Prospero's servants. Caliban's fellow servant, Aerial, sings and plays music overhead.
David Garrick as Richard III 1745
National Museums Liverpool (Walker Art Gallery). Purchased with the assistance of The Art Fund, 1956
This monumental canvas offers a spectacular portrait of eighteenth-century Britain's most famous actor. At the same time, they offer a complex representation of a particularly resonant literary and historical 'character' – that of Shakespeare's Richard III. David Garrick had burst onto the capital's theatrical scene in 1741 with his portrayal of Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Richard III, a performance that contemporaries hailed as introducing a new degree of realism and expressiveness onto the English stage. Hogarth's painting pictures the actor in the role that first brought him acclaim, and at the moment when the tyrannical king awakes from a nightmare-infested sleep on the battlefield at Bosworth.
Even as it promoted itself as an ambitious history painting centring on a great literary and historical 'character', Richard III, Hogarth's work functioned as a flamboyant personal portrait of Garrick himself. Throughout his career, the actor took an active involvement in the construction of his public image, sitting in a variety of roles for a host of painters and ensuring that engravings and mezzotints taken from these works regularly reached the print-shop windows. Hogarth was quick to ensure that an especially high-quality engraving was produced of this spectacular canvas.
Mr. Garrick in the Character of Richard the 3rd (second state) 20 June 1746
Etching and engraving on paper
Andrew Edmunds, London
Moses Brought to Pharaoh's Daughter 1746
The Coram Family in the care of The Foundling Museum, London
This painting, designed to hang in the Court Room of the Foundling Hospital for abandoned children, represents a poignant exploration of the dynamics of charity and childhood. The biblical scene it illustrates is the moment when the child Moses is about to be handed over to his adoptive mother, an Egyptian princess, whom we see sitting with her right arm outstretched towards the anxious child. Moses has been brought to the princess by a wet nurse who is shown being paid for her services and who, unbeknown to the princess, is the child's actual mother – Hogarth paints her with tears on her cheeks as she receives her money.
Hogarth seems concerned to explore two of the perspectives generated by charitable activity: on one hand, that enjoyed by the benevolent person or institution; on the other, that experienced by the object of charity – in this case, a vulnerable child. Thus, Pharaoh's daughter is someone who is undoubtedly meant to embody the ethos of the Foundling Hospital itself, while Moses' anxiety as he prepares to leave his mother behind offers a powerful analogue to that experienced by the children who were being taken into care by the Hospital.
Sigismunda Mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo 1759
This audacious painting marked Hogarth's final attempt to gain universal approbation as a history painter. As is well known, the picture ended up generating some of the most damning criticism the artist ever suffered. The work draws on John Dryden's retelling of a tale from Boccaccio's Decameron, in which Sigismunda, the daughter of prince Tancred, falls in love with one of her father's attendants, Guiscardo. When Tancred finds out that his daughter has secretly married, he flies into a rage, orders that Guiscardo be killed and his heart be delivered to Sigismunda. Hogarth pictures the grief-stricken heroine with tears in her eyes, cradling the casket containing Guiscardo's heart to her breast. Remarkably, he shows one of her fingertips touching the exposed, glossy red heart itself.
The painting was commissioned by Sir Richard Grosvenor, who had told Hogarth that he could choose any subject and charge any price he desired for this work. The artist used the opportunity to return to the field of history painting and to focus on an especially tragic subject. In a dramatic turn-about, however, Grosvenor made it clear that he found both the work and the price demanded by Hogarth unacceptable, and the artist, bitterly disappointed, released him from his agreement.


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1 Intersectional Feminism
1.1 What is Feminism?
1.2 Why we need Intersectionality
1.3 A New Definition of Feminsim
In recent years, the term intersectionality has increasingly gained traction in the feminist discourse. But what does it mean, where does it come from and why do we need intersectionality? Why can we not "just be feminists" anymore?
Feminism is "the belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes" according to dictionary Merriam Webster (1893). Considering that this definition originated during first wave-feminism in the late 19th century (First-wave feminism, 2020) but since we are the time of fourth wave-feminism now, it seems overdue to revise it, as the role of women in society has changed drastically over the past 130 years.
Why we need Intersectionality
A term that appears increasingly in the recent discourse of feminism is intersectionality. Coined by civil rights advocate and law professor Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989 (Blaque, 2019), it describes the idea that an individual can be subject to different forms of discrimination at the same time. Therefore these forms of discrimination should not be treated as separate issues but need to be addressed in regard to each other. Crenshaw references the case of DeGraffenreid vs General Motors; a legal battle where a group of Black women tried to sue General Motors for discriminating against them. The court found the company not guilty because they employed women as well as Black people, only that all the women were white and all Black people were men. The court did not consider looking into the employment of Black women specifically (Blaque, 2019).
A New Definition of Feminsim
As we see, people's identities exist at different intersections of oppression and privilege. Therefore, feminism cannot and must not be not intersectional. There is no hierarchy in equality, so we cannot make the fight for it a hierarchical matter. Hence I propose a new definition of feminism: "the belief in the social, political, and economic equality of all genders that recognizes the fact that different forms of oppression and privilege can impact individuals at the same time".
In: Merriam Webster. 1893. [online] Available at: <https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ feminism> [Accessed 12 October 2020].
En.wikipedia.org. 2020. First-Wave Feminism. [online] Available at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ First-wave_feminism> [Accessed 12 October 2020].
Fagot, M., n.d. #Apeoplesjourney: African American Women And The Struggle For Equality. [image] Available at: <http://maryfagot.com/National-Museum-of-African-American-History-Culture> [Accessed 17 November 2020].
Blaque, K., 2019. What Is: Intersectionality. [video] Available at: <https://youtu.be/lEeP_3vmdBY> [Accessed 12 October 2020].
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text:
Manufacturing output down 3.4% y/y, but 2.6% higher m/m
Africa|Manufacturing|Petroleum|Rubber|Steel|Contracting|Manufacturing |Products|Operations
africa|manufacturing|petroleum|rubber|steel|contracting|manufacturing-industry-term|products|operations
By: Marleny Arnoldi
Creamer Media Online Writer
Manufacturing output decreased by 3.4% year-on-year in October, predominantly owing to exporting industries shaving a combined 3.4 percentage points from the headline figure.
Statistics South Africa reports that the largest contractions for October were recorded in the petroleum, chemical products, rubber and plastic industries at -6.8% and contributing -1.5 percentage points, followed by basic iron and steel, nonferrous metal products and machinery contracting by 5% and contributing -0.9 of a percentage point.
The motor vehicles, parts and accessories industry contracted by 6.8% and contributed -0.6 of a percentage point to overall output, while wood and wood products, publishing and printing contracted by 3.4% and contributed -0.4 of a percentage point.
Seasonally adjusted manufacturing production increased by 2.6% in October, compared with September. This followed month-on-month changes of 2.9% in September and 3.6% in August.
Moreover, seasonally adjusted manufacturing production increased by 17.2% in the three months ended October, compared with the previous three months.
All ten manufacturing divisions reported positive growth rates over this period, led by food and beverages with 12.5% and contributing 4.1 percentage points.
Nedbank says the rate of recovery has been normalising, with the troughs and statistical rebounds seemingly levelling out as operations return to some semblance of normality.
The bank adds that manufacturing production has been gradually recovering since May, down by 12.8% for the ten months to October.
"Recent global purchasing managers indices (PMIs), however, point to a significant slowdown in activity, with most advanced economies in contraction territory.
"On the domestic front, the Absa PMI for November has also declined from record highs but remains in expansion. Output is expected edge higher at a slower pace during the remainder of 2020 and throughout 2021, provided South Africa avoids a second strict lockdown and the world economy maintains normal trading operations," Nedbank comments.
INDUSTRY COMMENT
Steel and Engineering Industries Federation of Southern Africa (Seifsa) says the latest dip in the manufacturing production growth rate shows that economic recovery will be bumpy under Covid-19 restrictions.
Seifsa chief economist Chifipa Mhango did point out, however, that it was encouraging to see manufactured product sales continuing to rise, reaching R221-billion in October from R201-billion in September. Of interest to Seifsa was the continued uptick in basic metals sales from R45-billion to R48-billion over the same period.
However, within the metals and engineering (M&E) industry, sales of electrical machinery showed a year-on-year growth of 5.4%.
Mhango continues that there are many factors at play – capacity utilisation across the entire manufacturing industry remains low at around 71%, which means the industry is still producing less than potential production.
"This is mainly owing to the restrictive lockdown measures that the industry was – and still is – operating under at plant level. Coupled with this situation is unsustained demand patterns in both the domestic and international markets, with key markets such as Europe moving back to stricter Covid-19 lockdown measures, thus disrupting supply chains and industrial activities."
He notes that the M&E sector in South Africa was heavily reliant on the performance of the construction industry. He says that although other recent data suggested a pick-up in construction and building material sales from May to October, the upward trend had slowed. Construction and building material sales declined to R11.8-billion in October , from R13.1-billion in the previous month.
Mhango explains historical patterns had demonstrated that during times of massive infrastructure investment into the South African economy, such as 2002 to 2010 when the construction sector showed growth of above 10%, manufacturing production is correspondingly higher.
Between 2002-2010, capacity utilization in the sector was above 85%, while it was over 90% in the M&E industry. He says while the economy has yet to return to those levels, it was good to see a positive month-on-month growth in manufacturing production and an easing decline in the year-on-year percentage change.
Further, Mhango remarks that several factors were key to recovery in the manufacturing industry, including a well-managed approach to Covid-19 restrictions to ensure that we do not return to level-five-type lockdown measures, a stable labour market environment, a stable monetary policy, low import penetration of manufactured goods into the local economy, stable and low-cost electricity supply, increased investment into the sector, and the steady implementation of the Government's economic stimulant recovery plan announced in October .


If 'GOD IS NOT ANGRY,' why is the billboard in all caps?
There is some truth to the latter statements, but decide for yourself which is less a compound of truth and error, and which is more congruous with what God's Word actually teaches about God's righteous indignation. Our only escape from the winepress of the wrath of God is to be grafted into the one true vine, Jesus Christ. The cross was an act of Jesus in which He took upon Himself the wrath that we deserve. He assumed that wrath for our sake, so that in trusting His complete work, we do not ever have to worry about suffering it ourselves. GRACE: God's Riches At Christ's Expense.


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Le président du gouvernement (), est le chef du gouvernement du royaume d'Espagne depuis .

Il concentre la majorité du pouvoir exécutif, conformément au régime politique de monarchie parlementaire constitutionnelle en vigueur depuis .

Il est parfois appelé  de façon abusive.

L'actuel titulaire du poste est, depuis le , le socialiste Pedro Sánchez.

Historique

Le « président du Conseil des ministres » (en espagnol : ) est le nom générique par lequel on désigne le chef du gouvernement, à la tête de l'exécutif, durant l'époque contemporaine en Espagne. Au cours de la Première République, les dirigeants portent le titre de « président du Pouvoir exécutif », par lequel ils sont à la fois chef de l'État et du gouvernement.

Historiquement, les chefs de gouvernement en Espagne sont nommés « présidents du Conseil des ministres » depuis l'approbation du statut royal de 1834 jusqu'à la fin de la Seconde République ; ce titre est conservé dans le gouvernement de la République espagnole en exil jusqu'à son autodissolution en 1977. En Espagne franquiste, le terme utilisé est « président du gouvernement » ; il est conservé après la transition démocratique depuis 1975.

Investiture

Désignation et élection
L'élection du président du gouvernement n'a pas lieu au suffrage universel direct, mais est effectuée par le pouvoir législatif, à la suite des élections législatives ou de la démission du président au pouvoir. La procédure est régie par l'article 99 de la Constitution espagnole de 1978.

Le roi d'Espagne (Rey), après avoir consulté les représentants des partis politiques ayant obtenu une représentation parlementaire, propose un candidat à la présidence du gouvernement. La coutume veut que le candidat soit le dirigeant du parti ou de la coalition majoritaire, mais aucune disposition légale n'oblige le souverain à agir de la sorte. Ainsi en , le monarque propose la candidature de Pedro Sánchez, issu du deuxième groupe parlementaire en ordre d'importance.

Le candidat désigné expose alors devant le Congrès des députés (Congreso de los Diputados) le programme politique du gouvernement qu'il entend former, puis sollicite la confiance de la chambre. Si l'assemblée, par un vote à la majorité absolue de ses membres, lui accorde cette confiance, le monarque le nomme président du gouvernement. Dans le cas contraire, le candidat se soumet, quarante-huit heures plus tard, à un nouveau vote de confiance, où la majorité simple est cette fois suffisante. En cas d'échec du candidat, la procédure peut alors être recommencée. Toutefois, si aucune investiture ne survient dans un délai de deux mois à compter de la tenue du premier tour de scrutin, le roi doit prononcer la dissolution du Congrès des députés et convoquer de nouvelles élections.

Serment
Une fois investi, le candidat est nommé président du gouvernement par le roi, durant une cérémonie d'assermentation au cours de laquelle il prête serment dans le salon des audiences (Salón de Audiencias) du palais de la Zarzuela, en présence du souverain, du ministre de la Justice, en sa qualité de grand notaire du Royaume, des présidents des assemblées parlementaires, du Tribunal constitutionnel et du Conseil général du pouvoir judiciaire, et de son prédécesseur.

La formule du serment est la suivante :

Pouvoirs et fonctions
Conformément à l'article 98 de la Constitution, le président du gouvernement dirige l'action du gouvernement et coordonne les fonctions des autres ministres, sans préjudice de leurs compétences et responsabilité directes. C'est à lui qu'il revient de proposer le nom des différents ministres, qui seront nommés par le roi. Il peut être assisté d'un ou plusieurs vice-présidents et préside les réunions du conseil des ministres, fonction qu'il peut décider de déléguer au monarque. En sa qualité de chef du gouvernement, il signe les actes délibérés lors de ces réunions et dispose du pouvoir réglementaire, conféré à l'ensemble du cabinet par la Constitution.

Après avoir consulté le conseil des ministres, il peut proposer au roi d'Espagne de dissoudre les Cortes Generales ou seulement l'une des deux chambres. De même, une fois obtenu l'accord des députés, il a la faculté de proposer au souverain de convoquer un référendum. En outre, il contresigne les actes du monarque, à l'exception de sa propre nomination, de la proposition d'un candidat au Congrès et de la dissolution de celui-ci consécutive à l'échec de la procédure d'investiture. Ces trois actes sont en effet soumis au contreseing du président du Congrès des députés.

Enfin, il représente l'Espagne sur la scène internationale et au Conseil européen.

Il dispose, pour l'exercice de son mandat, de services réunis au sein de la présidence du gouvernement.

Statut

Responsabilité pénale
La responsabilité pénale du président du gouvernement peut être mise en cause, à l'instar des autres ministres, devant la deuxième chambre, chargée des affaires pénales, du Tribunal suprême. Si l'accusation concerne la trahison ou tout autre infraction contre la sécurité de l'État dans l'exercice de ses fonctions, sa mise en cause ne pourra intervenir que sur l'initiative du Congrès des députés, par un vote à la majorité absolue de ses membres et sur proposition d'un quart d'entre eux.

Incompatibilités
Tout comme ses ministres, le président ne peut occuper aucun emploi public, ni exercer aucune activité professionnelle ou commerciale. Il peut cependant continuer d'exercer son mandat parlementaire, qu'il soit sénateur ou député.

Responsabilité politique

Motion de censure
À n'importe quel moment, le Congrès des députés peut destituer le président du gouvernement, par l'adoption d'une motion de censure constructive. Déposée par au moins un dixième des députés, elle doit présenter un candidat à la présidence du gouvernement, et adoptée à la majorité absolue des députés. En cas de succès, le candidat prévu est considéré comme élu, et prête serment.

Question de confiance
Après avoir obtenu l'accord du conseil des ministres, il peut poser aux députés une question de confiance portant sur son programme ou une déclaration de politique générale. La confiance est ici accordée à la majorité simple.

Fin de mandat
Le mandat du président du gouvernement prend fin le jour de la tenue des élections législatives, en cas de décès, de démission, de vote d'une motion de censure ou de rejet d'une question de confiance. Sauf en cas de décès ou de censure, il assure la gestion des affaires courantes jusqu'à l'investiture de son successeur. Il est alors dit « en fonction » (en funciones).

Anciens présidents du gouvernement
En vertu d'un décret du , les anciens présidents du gouvernement se voient accorder un statut particulier, qui leur donne droit à plusieurs avantages.

Ils disposent de deux emplois discrétionnaires, d'une dotation pour des dépenses de bureau, la location d'immeubles, d'un véhicule officiel avec chauffeur, de la protection des services de sécurité, de la gratuité dans tous les transports publics et de l'appui des services diplomatiques espagnols en cas de déplacement à l'étranger. En outre, ils touchent une pension, fixée par le budget de l'État, qui peut être reversée à leur conjoint en cas de décès.

Résidence officielle

Depuis 1977, le président du gouvernement dispose de ses bureaux et de sa résidence d'État au palais de la Moncloa (Palacio de la Moncloa). Le bâtiment, entouré d'un imposant jardin et d'un bois, est intégré dans un ensemble de bâtiments gouvernementaux plus vaste, appelé complexe de la Moncloa (Complejo de la Moncloa). Lors de son arrivée au pouvoir, Zapatero a laissé son épouse, Sonsoles Espinosa, procéder à la modernisation intérieure du palais, dans le respect du patrimoine historique.

Titre et rang protocolaire
En Espagne, la fonction de chef du gouvernement est officiellement désignée sous le nom de  (presidente del Gobierno).

Dans le langage courant en français, il est parfois désigné de façon abusive comme .

Il occupe le cinquième rang dans l'ordre protocolaire, venant après le roi d'Espagne et les membres de famille royale directe, et avant le président du Congrès des députés.

Liste des titulaires

L'actuel président du gouvernement est Pedro Sánchez, du Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol (PSOE). Depuis la restauration de la démocratie en , sept personnes ont exercé cette fonction, le record de longévité revenant au socialiste Felipe González, de 1982 à 1996. Toutefois, si l'on prend en compte la période écoulée depuis la création du poste, alors le record revient à Francisco Franco, qui l'a cumulé avec la direction de l'État entre 1938 et 1973.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Politique en Espagne
 Roi d'Espagne
 Gouvernement de l'Espagne
 Liste des chefs du gouvernement espagnol
 Responsabilité gouvernementale en Espagne
 Cortes Generales
 Présidence du gouvernement (Espagne)

Liens externes
  Présidence du gouvernement

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
What did we learn from a half-year of work on Opportunity Zones with six communities?
By vfanibi · November 26, 2019
Throughout much of 2019, Smart Growth America's LOCUS team worked hand-in-hand with six Massachusetts communities to harness Opportunity Zone investments to benefit rather than displace their residents, and result in walkable, mixed-use communities with a variety of employment and housing options for everyone. We spent a day earlier this month going overall we learned in a public event in Boston earlier this month.
Over 100 municipal officials, real estate developers, and investors gathered in Boston on November 15 for the first-ever LOCUS Massachusetts Opportunity Zone Convening. The day was intended to showcase the findings from Massachusetts' inaugural Opportunity Zones Academy in Greenfield & Montague, Salem, Barnstable & Yarmouth, and Fitchburg. The Convening also provided attendees an opportunity to receive professional insight on Opportunity Zones. Over the course of the day, light was shed on the shortcomings, benefits, and future of Opportunity Zones. Wish you could have been present? No worries; here are four highlights from the Convening:
Done right, Opportunity Zones can propel a community's vision of equitable development
Opportunity Zones can be a catalyst to actualize a community's goals. In communities like Turners Falls (in Montague) that have a clear vision of where development is headed, Opportunity Zones have been effective in supporting and enabling this vision. Walter Ramsey, the town planner from Montague, spoke about the town's unsuccessful efforts to bring a mixed-use project to downtown Turners Falls. With the expert assistance gained through the Opportunity Zones Academy, Turners Falls succeeded in finding a developer interested in building the $11 million mixed-used project that the community has been longing for—a major triumph for the small community.
Municipalities need to identify the regulatory barriers to achieving their vision
John Robert Smith of Smart Growth America advised that communities should look into their ordinances that are preventing the very thing they're trying to accomplish. For some communities, zoning codes may be prohibitive. Through participating in the Massachusetts Opportunity Zones Academy, Yarmouth discovered that their zoning code was a) difficult for developers and investors to read and comprehend and b) served as a major obstacle to diversifying their development stock due to its rigidity. Once their zoning code was identified as a hindrance, Yarmouth was able to begin discussions on what the city's vision for its future is and how this can be supported by its zoning code and other development policies, whether investments are coming to an Opportunity Zone or any other part of the community.
Investors are ready to invest…they just need help finding projects that "work"
The narrative from investors and developers in the room was that there is a high interest in investing in Massachusetts communities, specifically in the state's Opportunity Zones, but finding specifically where to invest is proving difficult. Developers and investors are looking for projects that "work" and appreciate over time. Doug Landry, a LOCUS Steering Committee member, suggested that communities identify which sites in its Opportunity Zones are "shovel ready" for new projects. These sites, according to Landry, can be promoted and published on websites like MassEcon, which serves as the primary tool for investors and developers to seek new investment opportunities in Massachusetts.
Each community needs to identify where the incentive can be leveraged most effectively
Opportunity Zones are not to be considered a "one-size-fits-all" incentive. Developers and investors aiming to assist in developing in communities with Opportunity Zones should remain cognizant of each community's individual needs and visions. Every community that participated in the Massachusetts Opportunity Zone Academy has different development gaps that they were hoping Opportunity Zones could help close.
Walter Ramsey of Montague spoke at length about its desire to expand the arts and culture component of Turners Falls. Turners Falls has a regional identity as a place that attracts artists. The Town of Montague is optimistic that Opportunity Zones can be effective in further drawing on and expanding on its artistic identity, incentivizing investors to build more theatres instead of factories.
The city of Yarmouth, facing a complicated wastewater management issue, is hoping to see investment in the form of infrastructure projects. The city does not have a municipal wastewater system which causes residents to comply to Massachusetts Title 5 to ensure that all homes are equipped with a septic system. Representatives from Yarmouth spoke frankly about how the city needs to address its wastewater management concerns before it can be ready to work on attracting investors. It is their hope that they can enact a plan and secure funding from the state's Economic Development Administration to support the construction of a municipal wastewater infrastructure. Despite this issue, the city is continuing its visioning exercise and remains intent on educating residents on Opportunity Zones.
This first-ever LOCUS Massachusetts Opportunity Zones Convening was a wonderful display of what can be uncovered when you have all the right people in the room having an honest discussion. Over the course of the day, a specific city and investor were able to connect and make a match on a project, communities shared stories of success, while developers and investors were able to speak bluntly about their interaction (or lack of) with Opportunity Zones. The convening helped create a mutual understanding between communities seeking investment and developers seeking to invest in those communities, and we are eager to repeat this experience in other cities and states across the country.
Read more about Opportunity Zones from SGA here.
LOCUS equitable developmentMA OZ AcademyOpportunity ZonesOpportunity Zones Academy