text:
Seth Kaller, Inc.
America's Founding Documents
Early Republic (1784 - c.1830)
Finance, Stocks, and Bonds
Gilded Age (1876 - c.1900)
Inauguration and State of the Union Addresses
Israel and Judaica
Presidents and Elections
Revolution and Founding Fathers (1765 - 1784)
Revolutionary and Founding Collection Highlights
Science, Technology, and Transportation
Women's History and First Ladies
About Seth Kaller, Inc.
Freedom Documents
The 13th Amendment
George Washington's Thanksgiving Proclamation
George Washington vs Bigotry
Declaration of Sentiments
Other Early Republic (1784 - c.1830) Offerings
The Revolutionary War and Founding Collection:
A Show-Stopping Gathering of Highly Important
Original Letters, Documents and Imprints
Rare First Printing of the U.S. Constitution
Jefferson's Tragic Loss Sparks Hope for Reconciliation with Adams
George Washington & Thomas Jefferson Signed Patent for Brick Making Machine
"No Nation is Drunken where Wine is Cheap":
Jefferson's Famous Letter on Government and Wine
Washington Privately Asks John Jay If He Will Replace Pinckney as Minister to London
Jefferson-Signed Patent Act of 1793
John Adams Elevates the "Independent Executive" – With Exclusive Access to State Secrets – Over Public Opinion
Thomas Paine: "Contentment"
Frustrated by Articles of Confederation, America's Credit and Inability to Regulate Commerce, Adams Fails to Negotiate Treaty with Britain
Jefferson Praises the Spirit of Innovation
Thomas Paine Tries to Pull Strings in France for an American Friend
President Adams in Suspense, Awaits News from France
President Adams Writes to an Old Friend, Reflecting on the Vicissitudes of High Office
Jefferson Signs Appropriations Bill Funding Federal Government and Making Hamilton's Assumption Act Payments in 1792
Declaration of Independence: Benjamin Tyler 1818 - First Print with Facsimile Signatures
The First Facsimile of the Declaration of Independence
Rare Paul Revere-Signed "Rising States Lodge" Masonic Certificate
Declaration of Independence Signer Samuel Huntington's Copy of an Act of Congress Signed by Thomas Jefferson
Former President and Future Confederate Supporter John Tyler Forcefully Defends the Fugitive Slave Act and the "Southern Cause," Attacks the NY Press, and Plays up His Own Service in the War of 1812
Hamilton Aids a Revolutionary War Loyalist:
Important N.Y. Confiscation Act Case Verdict
Thomas Jefferson Signed Act of Congress Authorizing Alexander Hamilton to Complete the Famous Portland Maine Lighthouse
Rare French Facsimile of the Declaration of Independence
Rare document of Newport Jewish leader Moses Seixas – who wrote address that elicited George Washington's most famous statement on religious freedom and citizenship
Richard Varick's Appointment as Mayor of New York City
Alexander Hamilton Writes a Female Friend in Puerto Rico, Sympathizing with the Perilous Condition of Haiti as French Control of the Island Deteriorates
George Washington's Second Thanksgiving Proclamation, Sent to American Consuls
John Quincy Adams' Copy of a Scarce South Carolina Printing of the Monroe Doctrine
Thomas Jefferson Signed Act of Congress for Compensating Court Officers, Jurors, and Witnesses
Many of the leading Jews of Newport and New York sign 1818 land sale from estate of Benjamin Seixas to Oliver Hazard Perry
Thomas Jefferson signed Act of Congress approving four new Brigadier Generals to defend the frontier; the new Legion became America's first standing army
Jefferson-Signed Act of Congress Enabling Revolutionary War Veterans to Settle the West
Mexican Revolution Hero José María Morelos taunts Spanish viceroy he met in military school: any bad news is fake news, he alone resisted, and his troops "attack and "don't leave the action until they are victorious..."
President Washington Addresses Congress and Other Groups on Issues Ranging from Freedom of Religion to Democratic Governance
Bill of Rights: Early N.Y. Printing of First Draft Approved by the House of Representatives - 17 Proposed Constitutional Amendments
Manuscript Eulogy to George Washington Penned by R.I. Senator Foster During Senate Session
George Washington's First Thanksgiving Proclamation as President
James Monroe Defends his Actions in Futile Defense of Washington in War of 1812
Shortly After the Beginning of the War of 1812,
Monroe Expresses his Opposition to Mob Violence
Daniel Webster Details a Duel Challenge by Senator John Randolph
George Washington's Famous Letter to American Roman Catholics: A Message of Thankfulness, Patriotism, and Inclusiveness
The Confederation Congress Requests Copies of State Laws to Distribute to all the States
Very early mention of Chicago in archive relating to French and American foundations of Illinois, St. Louis, and Kansas City
Hamilton's Assumption Plan, Passed as Four Acts of Congress, Plus the Residence Act Quid-pro-quo
Rare same day broadside of John Adams' Fourth State of the Union Address: Opening Washington D.C. as the Nation's Capital
James Madison on Jay's Treaty, Revolution in the Netherlands, and Virginia Politics
Ex- President J.Q. Adams and his Secretary of the Treasury Skeptical of British Reforms: "The Gypsies are the Romancers of Beggary. The whigs are the Romancers of Liberty…"
Secretary of State Pickering certifies five Acts of Congress relating to the Whiskey Rebellion, debtor's prison, the estate of General Nathanael Greene, etc.
John Quincy Adams, enmeshed in law studies, touches base with a Harvard College chum
Ratification of The Bill of Rights
Samuel Huntington Speech on Education, Liberty, and
"Acts of Insolvency … Repugnant to the Constitution"
59 Western Pennsylvania Settlers Petition the Governor to Supplement Frontier Defense
Assailing the Pennsylvania "Board of Censors"
for Failing to Amend the Constitution
Pennsylvania Assembly Pledges to Fulfill Terms of Treaty of Fort Stanwix
Confederation Congress sends proposed Constitution to the states for ratification
Iconic Pillars Illustration -- Celebrating Massachusetts' Ratification and the Process of Erecting the "great federal superstructure"
"John Bull and the Baltimoreans" Lampooning British Defeat at Fort McHenry in Baltimore Following their Earlier Success at Alexandria
Gov. Harry Lee Requests All Virginia Slave Condemnation Cases for Clemency Review
Maryland Claims Stock in the Bank of England
Relieving Persons in Debtors Prison
Robert Morris - Declaration Signer and Financier of the Revolution - is Drowning in Debt and Calls for Help
"Johnny Bull and the Alexandrians" War of 1812 Cartoon Ridiculing Alexandria's Surrender without a Fight
Accusing the Recently Retired Hamilton of Financial Malfeasance
Genêt Offers a Rather Inadequate Explanation of the Citizen Genêt Affair
Jefferson's Religious Stance against Slavery
Newspaper Belonging to John Quincy Adams Reports Transfer of the Floridas to the U.S.
Robert Morris Signed Note - Used as Evidence in His Bankruptcy Trial
"John Bull Making A New Batch of Ships to send to the Lakes" – a Scottish-born American Illustrator Satirizes British Losses on Great Lakes and Lake Champlain
General Edward Hand on Framing a New Constitution in Pennsylvania
Harvard College Laws Belonging to Student Caleb Cushing, Future Congressman and U.S. Attorney General, also Signed by Harvard's President
Madison, Monroe, Talleyrand and Jefferson's "Crimes" and "back door pimps" in Negotiations to Buy Florida From Spain
A Fatal Duel Set Up by N.C. Congressman & Later Republic of Texas's Secretary of State
Alexander Hamilton's Autograph Legal Notes Representing a Widow in Mamaroneck, NY Appealing Her Case Against a Conflicted Trustee of Her Husband's Estate
Father of the Erie Canal and Future Governor DeWitt Clinton's Copy of New York City Ordinances
George Washington to the Convention of the Universal Church
James Madison Signed Presidential Patent
for Pendulum Pumps
James Monroe and John Quincy Adams Signed Patent for Wheel to Secure Ropes and Chains Used in Machinery
Letter to Vice President Aaron Burr From Revolutionary War Officer and Future New York Mayor Marinus Willett re Protecting New York's Harbor and Opposing Brooklyn Navy Yard Site (Because the Navy's Agent Didn't Buy Enough Land)
The Prospectus of the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures
Opposing the African Slave Trade - 1790 New Haven Sermon
The American Museum Magazine Considers Race and Slavery, Bound Together with Congressional Proceedings
on the Bill of Rights
War of 1812 Hero, Early New Mexico Explorer, and the "First American Buried in California Soil"
A Legal Document Signed by Hamilton's Second in His Fatal Duel
George Washington's Second Inaugural Address
A 1798 Modification to the Naturalization Act Considered Part of the Alien and Sedition Acts passed by John Adams
Future Harvard President Writes Fellow Alumnus about Harvard and Preaching
Harvard's 1786 Graduating Class and Their Theses, Dedicated to Gov. James Bowdoin
John Marshall's Supreme Court Decides Osborn et al. v. The Bank of the United States, landmark 11th Amendment Case
A Former Tennessee Congressman Thanks an Editor for Opposing Southern Nullifiers, and Criticizes Andrew Jackson's Political Vindictiveness
Benjamin Franklin Presents the Constitution
to the Pennsylvania State Legislature;
A Nantucket Indian Creation Myth
Hamilton's Future Duel-Doctor to President of Columbia College of Physicians & Surgeons
Caleb Cushing, U.S. Congressman,
Calls for Annexation of Canada
Insurance Companies Refuse to Pay for American Ship Captured While Shipping Arms to Simón Bolívar's Rebels
Pownall's New Map of North America, 1794
Harvard's 1791 Graduating Students and Theses, Dedicated to Governor John Hancock and Lieutenant Governor Samuel Adams
Ohio Governor's Response to
South Carolina Nullification Threat
William Pinkney, Ripped Off by the Government
for His Work on Jay's Treaty, Declares
"I Do Not Owe The Government One Farthing"
Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull
Eight Litchfield Connecticut Men Support the War of 1812
James Monroe Signed Missouri Territory Land Grant to War of 1812 Veteran
Unusual Oyster Bay NY Slave Manumission
Jonathan Williams - First Superintendent of West Point and First Head of the Army Corps of Engineers - Assesses New York Harbor Defenses
Director of Ordnance Defends Against Complicity in Loaning Gunpowder to DuPont and Private Individuals With Copy of his Prior Letter Informing Secretary of War John Calhoun of his Learning of - and Objection to - Such Loans
First Army Chief of Ordnance Defends Separate Ordnance Department in a Very Modern Essay against Military Waste, with two related documents
James Madison's Second Inaugural Address,
in a Rare New York Irish Newspaper
Kentucky's Second Governor Answers Fraud Charges
Winfield Scott Criticizes Zachary Taylor's
Illegal Order to Flog a Soldier
James Monroe & Congress Support the Independence Movements of Spain's American Colonies
Maryland Ratifies the Constitution, Suggests Amendments; and Pennsylvanians Speak Out Against the Slave Trade
Jefferson's Response to the New Haven Merchants' Remonstrance, and his First Inaugural Address
Massachusetts Learns the News of Philip Hamilton's Death
Otis on the Infamous Hartford Convention:
"We Ought Not … Be Indifferent to The Effects Of An Erroneous Public Opinion On This Subject,
Upon The Present Age & Upon Posterity …"
James Madison's First Inaugural Address, Asserting Neutral Rights in Prelude to the War of 1812
Benjamin Franklin's advice on financial success, Voltaire on national wealth, taxes, and the promotion of labor and commerce
N.J. Congressman Praises Andrew Jackson After His 1824 Presidential Election Loss in the House of Representatives
Reporting the Infamous XYZ Affair
Supreme Court Justice Livingston Recommends
a Danish Son-in-Law of Jacob Astor
to John Quincy Adams, on Duty in Russia
Ohio Reformers Use Rhode Island's Dorr Rebellion
to Justify Their Own Behavior
July 4, 1810 Oration by Democratic-Republican Declaration Printer John Binns
Celebrating LaFayette's Visit in Music
1790 Massachusetts Newspaper Discussing Nantucket Whalers
An Act to Incorporate the Ohio Insurance Company
John Adams's Proclamation Against Fries's Insurgents
John Hancock Addresses Massachusetts Legislature
The U.S.S. Chesapeake Prepares for the Mediterranean, and the Senate Debates Judiciary Establishments
From the Declaration of Independence to George Washington's Farewell Address
Jefferson's Proclamation on the State of Affairs with England (1807)
Duel Challenge
A History of Harvard University; North Carolina Debates Ratifying the Constitution; and a List of Newly-Minted U.S. Senators
Andrew Jackson's First Inaugural Address in Maryland Newspaper
Rare Broadside Printed and Posted in July, 1776
The News in 1815: 104 Issues of the Boston Patriot
Significant Collection of the Worcester Magazine, Publisher Isaiah Thomas' Protest against Advertising Tax. Filled with News of Shays' Rebellion, and Federalist and Anti-Federalist Essays
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In 1785, the state of Massachusetts instituted a stamp tax on newspapers but soon replaced it with a tax on newspaper advertisements. To protest the tax on advertisements, Thomas suspended his weekly newspaper, Thomas's Massachusetts Spy; or, the Worcester Gazette, at the end of March 1786. In April 1786, Thomas began publishing the Worcester Magazine, which was not subject to the tax, as a substitute for the Massachusetts Spy. Although a magazine in name, the Worcester Magazine continued the same kind of news as Thomas had printed in his newspaper. Its most valuable features were political pieces and "intelligence," including essays for and against the new proposed U.S. Constitution. It also included a series entitled "The Worcester Speculator" (16 essays from September 1787 to March 1788), along with agricultural articles, medical notes, recipes, anecdotes, and other items.
Thomas continued publishing the Worcester Magazine for twenty-four months (approximately 104 issues) until Massachusetts repealed the advertising tax effective in March 1788, then Thomas resumed publishing the Massachusetts Spy on April 3, 1788. The Worcester Magazine includes extensive coverage of the Massachusetts Ratifying Convention to consider the proposed federal Constitution, which met from January 9 to February 6, 1788.
Ownership signatures of "Coln E. Crafts" on some issues indicate they belonged to Ebenezer Crafts (1740-1810). Crafts was born in Connecticut and graduated from Yale College in 1759. He purchased a farm and built a tavern in Sturbridge, Massachusetts. During the Revolutionary War, he commanded a company of cavalry as captain. From 1785 to 1791, Crafts led a regiment of cavalry from Worcester County, Massachusetts, and he helped suppress Shays' Rebellion in 1786-1787. He was one of the founders of Leicester Academy in Leicester, Massachusetts, and later moved to northern Vermont, where he helped found Craftsbury, which was named after him.
ISAIAH THOMAS. Magazine. Worcester Magazine, 56 issues from September 1786 to March 1788. Worcester, MA: Isaiah Thomas. Each issue approximately 16 pp., 5½ x 9½ in.
Inventory #24829 Price: $14,500
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Worcester Magazine (1786-1788) was a weekly magazine published in Worcester, Massachusetts, by Isaiah Thomas (1749-1831). To protest a state tax on newspaper advertisements, Thomas suspended his weekly newspaper, Thomas's Massachusetts Spy; or, the Worcester Gazette, at the end of March 1786 and began publishing the Worcester Magazine, which was not subject to the tax, as a substitute. Thomas published the Worcester Magazine until Massachusetts repealed the advertising tax in March 1788.
This collection includes 56 issues:
1786: Numbers 24-26, 30-37, 39 (12 issues)
1787: Numbers 43-44, 3:6-15, 17-25, 4:1-13 (34 issues)
1788: Numbers 4:16-17, 19-26 (10 issues)
"The Worcester Speculator": Numbers 2, 4-9, 12-16
Specific damage to the following issues—Second Week of September 1786: 3 x 3 in. tear to lower right/left corner of pp. 289-90; Fourth Week of October 1786: 2 x 1 in. tears to pp. 355-360, 2 x 4 in. irregular tear to top center of pp. 361-62; Fourth Week of December 1786: lacking back cover; Fourth Week of January 1787: 1-2 in. loss across top of back cover page; First Week of February 1787: lacking front and back cover; First Week of July 1787: lacking front cover; Fourth Week of August 1787: lacking pp. 291-94; First Week of October 1787: lacking front cover and pp. 13-16; Fourth Week of December 1787: lacking back cover; Fourth Week of January 1788: lacking front cover; First Week of February 1788: lacking front cover, loss of 1 x 7½ in. portion of right/left margin of pp. 235-36, barely affecting text; Second Week of February 1788: lacking front cover; First Week of March 1788: lacking pp. 301-2; Second Week of March 1788: lacking front cover; Fourth Week of March 1788: lacking pp. 341-42 and back cover. Generally Good or better condition.
Highlights and Excerpts:
Second Week of September 1786
Proceedings of Congress, August 8, 1786
"Resolved, That the board of treasury endeavor to negociate with the legal proprietor of West Point, on Hudson's river, the purchase of the same for the United States, on an equitable appraisement, together with so much land contiguous thereto as shall be deemed by the secretary at war necessary to be included within the limits of the garrison...." (p285/c1)
"Resolved, That the standard of the United States of America, for gold and silver, shall be eleven parts fine and one part alloy. That the money unit of the United States, being by the resolve of Congress of the 6th July, 1785, a dollar, shall contain, of fine silver, three hundred and seventy-five grains, and sixty-four hundredths of a grain." (p285/c1)
First Week of November 1786
Shays' Rebellion Content
Reports of Courts in Taunton and Middlesex. (inside back cover)
Second Week of November 1786
"An ACT to prevent Routs, Riots, and tumultuous Assemblies, and the evil consequences thereof." (p388/c1-p389/c2)
Third Week of November 1786
Adjournment of courts in Springfield and suspension of writ of habeas corpus. (p402-inside back cover)
Fourth Week of November 1786
"An ORDINANCE for the establishing of the MINT of the United States of America; and for regulating the VALUE and ALLOY of COIN," passed by Confederation Congress, October 16, 1786. (pp. 413-414)
Address of Governor James Bowdoin to Militia (p416)
First Week of December 1786
"An ACT granting INDEMNITY to sundry offenders on certain conditions…" (p434)
"An ACT for suspending the privilege of the Writ of HABEAS CORPUS." (p435)
"An ACT for suspending the laws for the collection of private Debts under certain limitations." (p436-37)
Second Week of December 1786
Petition of Shays' rebels to Governor James Bowdoin, December 1786 (p452/c1-p453/c1)
Fourth Week of January 1787
Petition of Shays' rebels to Governor James Bowdoin, January 17, 1787 (p520/c1-2)
Address of Governor James Bowdoin, January 12, 1787 (p522/c1-p523/c2)
Arrival of General Lincoln and militia in Worcester (p526/c1)
First Week of February 1787
Daniel Shays to Major General Benjamin Lincoln, January 25, 1787
"Unwilling to be any way accessary to the shedding of blood, and greatly desirous of restoring peace and harmony to this convulsed Commonwealth, we propose that all the troops on the part of the government be disbanded immediately, and that all and every person, who has been acting, or any way aiding or assisting in any of the late risings of the people, may be indemnified in their person and property, until the sitting of the next General Court.... On which conditions, the people now in arms, in defence of their lives and liberties, will quietly return to their respective habitations, patiently waiting and hoping for constitutional relief, from the insupportable burdens they now labour under." (p534/c1-p535/c2)
Second Week of May 1787
Circular Letter from Confederation Congress to Governors of the States regarding state laws in violation of treaty with Great Britain
"Resolved, That the legislatures of the several states cannot of right, pass any act or acts for interpreting, explaining or construing a national treaty, or any part or clause of it; nor for restraining, limiting, or in any manner, impeding, retarding, or counteracting the operation and execution of the same...." (p69/c1-2)
Massachusetts "Report of the Committee for pardoning Persons concerned in the REBELLION." (p70/c1-p72/c2)
Fourth Week of May 1787
"letters...contain accounts of the Rebels, to the amount of 7 or 800 being collected in the state of Vermont, in the vicinity of this Commonwealth, and that it was given out by them, that they intended in the course of the present week, to make incursions into several parts of this state, and to kill, plunder, burn and destroy whatever comes in their way. That Shays, Day and Parsons, &c. had been seen at Crown Point, on their way to join them." (p100/c1)
Last Week of May 1787
"Judge Cushing's CHARGE to the Middlesex Grand Jury," May 9, 1787 (p106/c1-p111/c2)
"PHILADELPHIA, May 18. Monday last being the day appointed for the meeting of the Federal Convention, in this city, a number of Gentlemen, Delegates from the states of Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, and North Carolina, assembled at the State House." (p112/c1)
First Week of June 1787
"Sentence of Death Against John Wheeler, Henry McCullock, Jason Parmiter, Daniel Luddington, Alpheus Colten, and James White, for TREASON, passed at the Supreme Judicial Court at Northampton, the 21st of April, 1787. Pronounced by the Hon. William Cushing, Esq; Chief Justice." (p117/c1-p119/c2)
General Election Results; John Hancock elected Governor (p119/c1-p123/c2)
"Whether the shattered fabric of the original constitution is to be repaired and enlarged, or a new and stately building erected upon the old foundation—whether, on the one hand, the vast continent is to be distributed into distinct republicks, or, on the other, the majesty of a world, centered in an individual, are questions that respect only the forms and not the objects of government; for there are immutable laws in civil societies, independent of times, places and circumstances...." (p125/c1)
"A majority of the States being fully represented in Convention, at Philadelphia, on Friday, the 25th of May, they proceeded to the choice of a President, when his Excellency General Washington was unanimously elected to that important office." (p127/c2)
Third Week of June 1787
"Act for Raising TROOPS, and granting INDEMNITY," June 13, 1787 (p148/c1-p149/c2)
Governor John Hancock to General Court, June 5, 1787, regarding troops in western counties (p152/c1-2)
Fourth Week of June 1787
Proclamation by John Hancock, June 15, 1787
"the Legislature of this Commonwealth, with an intention, not only to adopt every vigorous and efficacious method, necessary to suppress the present traitorous opposition to the laws, and to restore peace and harmony to the Commonwealth, but also to repeat the offers of grace and mercy to the penitent citizen, and to extend the same as far as may be consistent with the true interest of the Commonwealth, and the security of her citizens in future; have...made provision for the raising and supporting a force, to defend the Commonwealth, against all wicked and rebellious men; and have also with a very extensive clemency, by the same resolve, provided, that 'each and every citizen of this Commonwealth, who have committed any treasons or misprisions of treasons against the same...be, and they thereby are indemnified for the same....'" (p161/c1-p162/c1)
Reprieve of several Shays' rebels sentenced to death
"It is hoped the lenient measures adopted by government will have the happy tendency of restoring the tranquility of this Commonwealth; but should they fail, it is said those of a different complexion will be pursued." (p167/c2)
First Week of July 1787
"Advertisement of the expected return of the COMET of 1532 and 1661 in the year 1789. By the Rev. Nevil Makelyne, D.D. F.R.S. and Astronomer Royal." (p172/c1-p174/c2)
Case of Mistaken Identity: "Whereas...the clemency of government is extended to all persons who have committed any treasons...during the present rebellion, excepting certain persons therein described and named: And whereas one of the persons so excepted, is, therein, named David Dunham, which Christian name was inserted by a mistake; and the person thereby intended, is Gideon Dunham, of Sheffield, in the county of Berkshire, yeoman. And the said Gideon Dunham being a malignant and incorrigible offender...the said Gideon Dunham shall not, by virtue thereof, receive any benefit or advantage whatsoever, but is excepted therefrom, and shall be so adjudged.... the said David Dunham shall not be considered as within the exceptions of the said resolution." (p174/c1-2)
"Whatever measure may be recommended by the Federal Convention, whether an addition to the old constitution, or the adoption of a new one, it will, in effect, be a revolution in government, accomplished by reasoning and deliberation; an event that has never occurred since the formation of society, and which will be strongly characteristick of the philosophick and tolerant spirit of the age." (p177/c2)
List of delegates to the "Federal Convention"
"By this very respectable delegation, ELEVEN States are represented. The delegates from the State of New Hampshire, though appointed, have not yet made their appearance. Rhode Island is the only State in the Union that has refused to take a seat at this honourable board of counsellors; but a very short period will unfold, whether her refusal will redound to her honour or disgrace." (p178/c1-2)
Second Week of July 1787
"The present Confederation may be compared to a hut or tent, accommodated to the emergencies of war—but it is now time to erect a castle of durable materials, with a tight roof, and substantial bolts and bars, to secure our persons and property, from violence and external injuries of all kinds. May this building rise like a pyramid upon the broad basis of the people! and may they have wisdom to see, that if they delegate a little more power to their rulers, the more liberty they will possess themselves, provided they take care to secure their sovereignty and importance, by frequent elections, and rotation of offices." (p191/c1)
Petition of Shays' rebel Henry Gale to Governor John Hancock and Council, June 11, 1787
"Your petitioner...pleads for that mercy he has so justly forfeited—and prays your Excellency and Honours, in your great wisdom, and justly acknowledged goodness, would be pleased to pardon your guilty distressed petitioner, who has aged parents bowed with grief...." (p195/c1-2)
Gale was marched to the scaffold, had a noose placed around his neck, and then the sheriff read a pardon by Governor Hancock. He was released in September 1787.
Last Week of July 1787
"An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio," popularly known as the Northwest Ordinance, passed by the Confederation Congress on July 13, 1787. (p225/c1-p228/c2)
The ordinance created the Northwest Territory, prohibited slavery in the territory, encouraged education, and created a mechanism for the admission of new states. The First Congress reaffirmed and renewed it through the Northwest Ordinance of 1789.
Report of Commencement at Harvard College, at which the college awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree to Thomas Jefferson (p230/c2)
More than a year later, in September 1788, President Joseph Willard of Harvard sent the diploma to Jefferson in France via a French naval lieutenant; Jefferson received it in February 1789.
Third Week of August 1787
"The whole of the United States, are now waiting with anxious expectation for the result of the Federal Convention, which it is expected will in a few days be made publick." (p279/c2)
Fourth Week of August 1787
"We are well informed, that many letters have been written to the members of the federal convention from different quarters, respecting the reports idly circulating, that it is intended to establish a monarchical government, to send for the Bishop of Osnaburgh, &c. &c.—to which it has been uniformly answered, 'tho' we cannot, affirmatively, tell you what we are doing; we can, negatively, tell you what we are not doing—we never once thought of a king.'" (p290/c1)
"The Worcester Speculator. No. I." (p311/c1-p313/c2)
"The end proposed, by the creation of man, was, undoubtedly, the communication of happiness. How to bring this design into effect, demands the earliest and ripest thoughts of the human mind. Infinitely various are the means fitted for the accomplishment of this design; and innumerable are the ways, which may, with success, be pursued for this purpose." (p311/c1-2)
"Every enterprize, publick as well as private, in the United States (says a correspondent) seems suspended, until it is known what kind of government we are to receive from our National Convention.... In short, the pulse of industry, ingenuity, and enterprize, in every art and occupation of man, now stands still in the United States, and every look—and wish—and hope—is only to, and every prayer to heaven, that has for its object the safety of our country, is only for, the present august National Convention." (p318/c2)
First Week of October 1787
Beginning of letter from George Washington to Congress accompanying proposed Federal Constitution, September 17, 1787:
"We now have the honour to submit to the consideration of the United States in Congress assembled, that Constitution which has appeared to us the most adviseable.
"The friends of our country have long seen and desired, that the power of making war, peace, and treaties, that of levying money and regulating commerce, and the correspondent executive and judicial authorities should be fully and effectually vested in the general government of the Union: But the impropriety of delegating such extensive trust to one body of men is evident—Hence results the necessity of a different organization.
"It is obviously impractical in the federal government of these states, to secure all rights of independent sovereignty to each, and yet provide for the interest and safety of all: Individuals entering into society, must give up a share of liberty to preserve the rest. The magnitude of the sacrifice must depend as well on situation and circumstances, as on the object to be obtained." (p12/c1-2) [Text incomplete: lacking front cover and pp. 13-16]
Second Week of October 1787
"We are informed that the Constitution proposed by the late Federal Convention promises to be highly popular with the citizens in New York; and that the distinguished person, from whom an opposition was predicted, has expressed himself in terms favorably to the plan. Perhaps there never was a subject indeed, upon which men were more unanimous, for even those who cavil at the system itself, are impressed with the necessity of adopting it." (p25/c2)
"George Washington, Esq; has already been destined by a thousand voices, to fill the place of the first President of the United States, under the new frame of government. While the deliverers of a nation, in other countries have hewn out a way to power with the sword, or seized upon it by stratagems and fraud, our illustrious hero peaceably retired to his farm after the war, from whence it is expected he will be called, by the suffrages of three millions of people to govern that country by his wisdom (agreeably to fixed laws) which he had previously made free by his arms. Can Europe boast of such a man?—Or can the history of the world, shew an instance of such a voluntary compact between the Deliverer and the Delivered of any country, as will probably soon take place in the United States?" (p26/c2)
Third Week of October 1787
"PROCEEDINGS of the UNITED STATES in CONGRESS assembled, Friday September 28, 1787.
"Congress having received the report of the Convention, lately assembled in Philadelphia.
"Resolved unanimously, That the said report, with the resolutions and letter accompanying the same, be transmitted to the several legislatures, in order to be submitted to a convention of delegates, chosen in each state by the people thereof, in conformity to the resolves of the Convention, made and provided in that case." (p34/c1)
"Summary of late Intelligence. / New York, October 26. (Excerpt from Federalist No. 1)
"Among the most formidable of the obstacles which the new Constitution will have to encounter may readily be distinguished the obvious interest of a certain class of men in every State to resist all changes which may hazard a diminution of the power, emolument, and consequence of the offices they hold under the State establishments; and the perverted ambition of another class of men, who will either hope to aggrandize themselves by the confusions of their country, or will flatter themselves with fairer prospects of elevation from the subdivision of the empire into several partial confederacies than from its union under one government." (p75/c1)
"The Federal Constitution is now the subject of conversation from Newhampshire to Georgia. In some places there are persons who appear to be raving mad, both for and against the plan. It is but reasonable to observe, that if ever there was occasion for a people to deliberate with calmness, on as important a measure, as ever did, or ever will come under their consideration, now is the time. The federal system ought to have a fair examination—it is a plan of government not for one particular state, but for all the states—we therefore should not approve or disapprove of the measure, until we have given it a most thorough and impartial examination...." (p76/c1-2)
"We wish not to prejudice our readers either one way or the other by our publications—we wish them to judge for themselves—it will therefore be needless for us to republish the flighty rhapsodies for, and the ill natured anathemas against, the federal constitution, which have appeared in some newspapers. We mean to give them facts, and to extract from other periodical publications such observations only, as are made by gentlemen who are known to be fully acquainted with the subject—we think it our duty to lay before our readers Mr. Gerry's letter, addressed to the Hon. President of the Senate, and the Hon. Speaker of the House of Representatives of this Commonwealth, together with Mr. Wilson's address to the citizens of Philadelphia. These gentlemen were both members of the Federal Convention, Mr. Gerry from this State, and Mr. Wilson from Pennsylvania. Mr. Gerry appears to be opposed to the plan, and Mr. Wilson is in favor of it—they both candidly give their opinions, and the reasons on which their opinions are grounded...." (p76/c2)
Elbridge Gerry to Samuel Adams, President of the Senate, and James Warren, Speaker of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts, October 18, 1787.
"I have the honour to inclose, pursuant to my commission, the constitution proposed by the Federal Convention.
"To this system I gave my dissent, and shall submit my objections to the honourable Legislature.
"It was painful for me, on a subject of such national importance, to differ from the respectable members who signed the constitution: but conceiving as I did, that the liberties of America were not secured by the system, it was my duty to oppose it.
"My principal objections to the plan, are, that there is no adequate provision for a representation of the people—that they have no security for the right of election—that some of the powers of the Legislature are ambiguous, and others indefinite and dangerous—that the Executive is blended with and will have an undue influence over the Legislature—that the judicial department will be oppressive—that treaties of the highest importance may be formed by the President with the advice of two thirds of a quorum of the Senate—and that the system is without the security of a bill of rights. These are objections which are not local, but apply equally to all the States." (p79/c1-2)
Speech of James Wilson at the State House in Philadelphia
"It will be proper however, before I enter into the refutation of the charges that are alledged, to mark the leading discrimination between the state constitutions, and the constitution of the United States. When the people established the powers of legislation under their separate governments, they invested their representatives with every right and authority which they did not in explicit terms reserve: and therefore upon every question, respecting the jurisdiction of the house of assembly, if the frame of government is silent, the jurisdiction is efficient and complete. But in delegating federal powers, another criterion was necessarily introduced, and the congressional authority is to be collected, not from tacit implication, but from the positive grant expressed in the instrument of union. Hence it is evident, that in the former case everything which is not reserved is given, but in the latter the reverse of the proposition prevails, and every thing which is not given, is reserved. This distinction being recognized, will furnish an answer to those who think the omission of a bill of rights, a defect in the proposed constitution...." (p81/c1)
"This constitution, it has been further argued, is of pernicious tendency, because it tolerates a standing army in the time of peace.—This has always been a topic of popular declamation; and yet, I do not know a nation in the world, which has not found it necessary and useful to maintain the appearance of strength in a season of the most profound tranquility.... But what would be our national situation were it otherwise? Every principle of policy must be subverted, and the government must declare war, before they are prepared to carry it on.... no man, who regards the dignity and safety of his country, can deny the necessity of a military force, under the control and with the restrictions which the new constitution provides." (p82/c1-2)
"The power of direct taxation has likewise been treated as an improper delegation to the federal government; but when we consider it as the duty of that body to provide for the national safety, to support the dignity of the union, and to discharge the debts contracted upon the collective faith of the states for their common benefit, it must be acknowledged, that those upon whom such important obligations are imposed, ought in justice and in policy to possess every means requisite for a faithful performance of their trust." (p83/c2)
"After all, my fellow citizens, it is neither extraordinary or unexpected, that the constitution offered to your consideration, should meet with opposition. It is the nature of man to pursue his own interest, in preference to the public good; and I do not mean to make any personal reflection, when I add, that it is the interest of a very numerous, powerful, and respectable body to counteract and destroy the excellent work produced by the late Convention.... I will confess, indeed, that I am not a blind admirer of this plan of government, and that there are some parts of it, which if my wish had prevailed, would certainly have been altered. But, when I reflect how widely men differ in their opinions, and that every man (and the observation applies likewise to every State) has an equal pretention to assert his own, I am satisfied that any thing nearer to perfection could not have been accomplished.... Regarding it then, in every point of view, with a candid and disinterested mind, I am bold to assert, that it is the best form of government which has ever been offered to the world." (p84/c1-2)
Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth to Governor Samuel Huntington of Connecticut regarding proposed Constitution, September 26, 1787. (p85/c1-2)
"The town of Northampton, and the District of Easthampton, assembled together on Thursday last, in legal town meeting, and made choice of the Hon. Caleb Strong, Esq; and Mr. Benjamin Sheldon, to represent them in Convention for the purpose of ratifying the reported Federal Constitution....
"In conformity to a resolution of the General Court, passed the 25th of October last, we have delegated you to meet in State Convention, on the second Wednesday of January next, for the purpose of adopting or rejecting the reported Constitution for the United States of America." (p113/c1)
"The following ADDRESS of His Excellency BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, Esquire, to the President of the late CONTINENTAL CONVENTION, was delivered by him immediately before his signing the proposed Constitution for the United States." (inside front cover)
"I confess that I do not entirely approve of this Constitution at present; but sir, I am not sure I shall never approve of it: For having lived long, I have experienced many instances of being obliged by better information or fuller consideration, to change opinions even on important subjects, which I once thought right, but found to be otherwise. It is therefore that the older I grow, the more apt I am to doubt my own judgment, and to pay more respect to the judgment of others." (inside front cover/c1)
"I doubt too whether any other convention we can obtain, may be able to make a better Constitution. For when you assemble a number of men to have the advantage of their joint wisdom, you inevitably assemble with those men, all their prejudices, their passions, their errors of opinion, their local interests, and their selfish views. From such an assembly can a perfect production be expected? It therefore astonishes me, Sir, to find this system approaching so near to perfection as it does...." (inside front cover/c1-2)
"Thus I consent, Sir, to this Constitution because I expect no better, and because I am not sure that it is not the best." (inside front cover/c2)
"On the whole, Sir, I cannot help expressing a wish, that every Member of the Convention who may still have objections to it, would, with me on this occasion, doubt a little of his own infallibility, and to make manifest our unanimity, put his name to this instrument." (inside front cover/c2)
"AGAINST the New Federal Constitution.
"The following are the so much talked of Objections against the New Federal Constitution, of the Hon. GEORGE MASON, Esq; one of the Delegates to the late Federal Convention from the State of Virginia." (p130/c1-p132/c2)
"FOR the New Federal Constitution.
"REMARKS on the OBJECTIONS made by the Hon. ELBRIDGE GERRY, to the NEW CONSTITUTIION." (p132/c1-p134/c2)
Third Week of December 1787
"Another SPEECH of Mr. WILSON's, so much talked of," to Pennsylvania State Convention November 24, 1787. (p141/c1-p147/c2)
"The deputies of the State Convention of Delaware met at Dover on Monday the 3d instant, December, and a house being formed, they elected James Latimer, Esq; President. On Thursday they ratified the New Federal Constitution by an unanimous vote, and on Friday every member signed the ratification as follows:
"'WE, the Deputies of the people of the Delaware State, in Convention met, having taken into our serious consideration, the Federal Constitution, proposed in a General Convention, held at the city of Philadelphia, on the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eightyseven, have approved of, assented to, ratified and confirmed, and by these presents DO in virtue of the power and authority to us given for that purpose, for, and in behalf of ourselves and our constituents, fully, freely and entirely approve of, assent to, ratify and confirm the said CONSTITUTION.'" (p152/c2)
Fourth Week of December 1787
"FOR the Federal Constitution.
"Continuation of the REMARKS on the Hon. ELBRIDGE GERRY's Objections to the new Constitution." (p155/c1-p157/c2)
"REMARKS on Col. MASON's OBJECTIONS to the proposed Federal Constitution." (p157/c1-p160/c2)
"AGAINST the Federal Constitution.
"From the FREEMAN's JOURNAL, of November 7. / To the CITIZENS of PHILADELPHIA." by "An Officer of the late Continental Army." (p160/c1-p162/c2)
Third Week of January 1788
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, January 9-12 (p199/c1-p201/c2)
Proceedings of the Connecticut State Convention in Hartford, January 9, 1788 (p201/c1-2)
Connecticut ratified the Constitution on January 9 by a vote of 128-40.
"The Conventions of Four States have adopted the Federal Constitution, viz. Pennsylvania, Delaware, Newjersey, and Connecticut. It is said Georgia has also adopted it, but of this we have no authentick account.
"At present we cannot venture a conjecture of what will be the fate of the Federal Constitution in the Convention of this state, now assembled in our metropolis; we have not the least doubt but it will be thoroughly discussed; and we hope the arguments on both sides will have a fair and candid hearing." (p204/c2)
The Georgia Convention ratified the Constitution on January 2 by a vote of 26-0.
"OBJECTIONS to the FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, by his Excellency EDMUND RANDOLPH, Governour of Virginia," October 10, 1787. (p205/c1-p210/c2)
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, January 14-16 (p211/c1-p215/c2)
List of Delegates to the Massachusetts State Convention up to January 15 (p217-p218)
"A WATCHMAN" "To the CITIZENS of the UNITED STATES."
"[The following was a few days since sent us for publication; as it is the first piece written in this county, against the Federal Constitution, that has been offered to us for publication, we think proper, in order to shew impartiality, to publish it, notwithstanding the author evidently appears to be much mistaken in some of his assertions.]" (p242/c1-p243/c2)
Governor John Hancock, President of the Convention, proposed the following:
"The Convention having impartially discussed, and fully considered the Constitution of the United States of America, reported to Congress by the Convention of delegates from the United States of America, an submitted to us by a resolution of the General Court of the said Commonwealth, passed the twentyfifth day of October last past; and acknowledging with grateful hearts the goodness of the supreme Ruler of the universe, in affording the people of the United States, in the course of his providence, an opportunity deliberately and peaceably, without fraud or surprise, of entering into an explicit and solemn compact with each other, by assenting to, and ratifying a new Constitution, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestick tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to themselves and their posterity; do in the name and in behalf of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, assent to and ratify the said Constitution of the United States of America.
"And as it is the opinion of this Convention that certain amendments and alterations in the said Constitution, would remove the fears and quiet the apprehensions of many of the good people of this Commonwealth, and more especially guard against an undue administration of the federal government; the Convention do therefore recommend that the following alterations and provisions be introduced into the said Constitution:"
[Followed by a list of nine proposed amendments.] (p244/c2-p245/c1)
Second Week of February 1788
"RATIFICATION of the Federal Constitution by the Convention of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. / Proceedings of the Convention of this Commonwealth, on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, last week."
"On Tuesday in the forenoon, a motion, which had been expected for some days, was made by Capt. Gilbert Dench, to this purport:—That for the purpose of informing the good people of this Commonwealth of the principles of the proposed Constitution, and the amendments offered by his Excellency the President, this Convention do adjourn to a future day. This motion occasioned much debate—it was warmly advocated by the gentlemen who were against the adoption of the Constitution, and strongly opposed by the friends of the proposed system. The question on the motion was taken in the evening, when his Excellency the President, said, he had the great pleasure to declare, that the motion for adjournment had not obtained....
"Wednesday afternoon, at five o'clock, the Convention of this Commonwealth, ASSENTED TO, and on Thursday RATIFIED the CONSTITUTION, proposed by the late Federal Convention."
Includes names of 187 in favor of and 168 opposed to ratification. (p254/c1-p258/c2)
The Massachusetts Convention ratified the Constitution on February 6, 1788.
"ORDER of the PROCESSION, of the Inhabitants of Boston, &c. upon the Ratification of the Federal Constitution." (p258/c1-p259/c2)
Third Week of February 1788
"ANSWER to the OBJECTIONS of RICHARD HENRY LEE, Esq; against the FEDERAL CONSTITUTION" by "An AMERICAN." (p261/c1-p264/c2)
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, January 23 (p265/c1-p268/c2)
Ordinance renaming street by the Meeting House in Boston where Convention ratified Constitution from "Long Lane" to "Federal Street" (p268/c1-p269/c2)
"WE, the delegates of the People of the State of Georgia, in Convention met, having taken into our serious consideration the Federal Constitution, agreed upon and proposed by the Deputies of the United States, in General Convention, held in the city of Philadelphia, on the 17th day of September, in the year of our Lord 1787—Have assented to, ratified, and adopted, and by these presents do, in virtue of the powers and authority to us given by the people of the said State for that purpose, for, and in behalf of ourselves and our constituents, fully and entirely assent to, ratify, and adopt the said Constitution, which is hereunto annexed, under the great seal of the said State." (p270/c1)
"The Convention of the State of Newhampshire are now in meeting, deliberating on the Federal Constitution: But we have not received any intelligence whatever respecting it."
The New Hampshire Convention, after initially rejecting the Constitution, voted to reconvene in mid-June 1788, when it ratified the Constitution by a vote of 57 to 47.
Fourth Week of February 1788
First Week of March 1788
Second Week of March 1788
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, January 31-February 1 (p307/c1-p314/c2)
"The great length of the debate in our late Convention, has obliged us to omit many things which we should otherwise have presented to our readers; but as this matter was truly important, we thought it our duty to give as fair a statement of the debates as was in our power, and doubt not it has been satisfactory to our readers. These debates will be finished in the course of a week or two." (p315/c2)
Third Week of March 1788
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, February 1-5 (p317/c1-p325/c2)
Petition of Daniel Shays and Eli Parsons to the General Court
"Your petitioners, penetrated by the melancholy sense of their late errours, and anxious once more to return to the bosom of their country, and enjoy again the blessings of peace, under the mild operation of the laws—humbly beg leave to supplicate the mercy of the legislature in their favor." (p330/c1)
Early in April 1788, Governor John Hancock canceled the rewards for the capture of Shays and Parsons, and in June, the legislature offered both a full pardon. Shays returned to Massachusetts, but in 1795, he moved to New York.
Fourth Week of March 1788
Proceedings of the Massachusetts State Convention in Boston, February 6 (p331/c1-p335/c2)
© 2019 Seth Kaller, Inc. • Historical Documents • Legacy Collections Telephone (914) 289-1776 E-mail: info@sethkaller.com


Can be used in CASE, Home Care I&I, Metalwork and Lubricant applications as an industrial wax. Koster Keunen waxes can provide products with excellent aesthetic, block and slip properties as well as improved water, oil and abrasion resistance.
Included in the range are beeswaxes (natural and synthetic) and a vegetable wax. Also has personal care applications.
Vegetable wax which consists of a wide variety of hydrocarbons including: esters, free fatty acids, free fatty alcohols and resins. Can be applied within the cosmetic industry, also used within water in oil (W/O) emulsion applications such as paints.
Light yellow in colour. Natural beeswax give products a creamy texture, which improves application capabilities. Can be used in both water in oil (W/O) and oil in water (O/W) products such as paints.
Synthetic beeswax comprising of a variety of hydrocarbons including: long chain esters, fatty acids, paraffinic/naphthenic hydrocarbons and a complex mixture of beeswaxes. Used in industrial applications as a rheology modifier, provides lubrication and improves water, oil and abrasion resistance.
White in colour. Natural beeswax can give products a creamy texture, which improves application capabilities. Can be used in both water in oil (W/O) and oil in water (O/W) products such as paints.
Yellow in colour. Natural beeswax can give products a creamy texture, which improves application capabilities. Can be used in both water in oil (W/O) and oil in water (O/W) products such as paints.


BRL's Road Series made a stop in Daytona this weekend for rounds 7 and 8. Michael Holloway takes the win in Race 7 followed by Lowell Jewell and Brad Spidle.
Race 8 was won by Brian Neff followed by Jewell and Ryan Nuss.
Jewell holds onto the lead in the championship standings over Nuss and Neff. The series has seen 7 different winners in 8 races and continues to produce great racing and close finishes. Pocono Raceway's International Road Course is up next on 9/6.
This entry was posted on Sunday, August 24th, 2014 at 10:12 am	and posted in Bootleg News, iRacing, Road Series.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.


text:
Mannheimer is a German language surname, meaning a person from Mannheim. Spelling variants include Manheimer and Mannerheim. It may refer to:

Albert Mannheimer (1913–1972), American writer
Anna Mannheimer (born 1963), Swedish journalist
Carin Mannheimer (1934–2014), Swedish writer
Clara Mannheimer (born 1968), Swedish journalist
Fritz Mannheimer (1890–1939), German banker
Isaac Noah Mannheimer (1793–1865), Austrian rabbi
Ken Manheimer (born 1959), American computer scientist
Louise Herschman Mannheimer (1845-1920), Czech-American writer
Max Mannheimer (1920–2016), Czech writer
Renato Mannheimer (born 1947), Italian sociologist
Sara Mannheimer (born 1967), Swedish novelist

See also
Mannheimer Rosengarten, a venue in Mannheim
Mannheim (disambiguation)

Germanic-language surnames
German-language surnames
Jewish surnames
Mannheim
Yiddish-language surnames

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


>>> if it was currently requesting interrupt service.
> (normally) off until the interrupt handler finishes.
never seen interrupts on during a PDP-8 service routine.
> The skip chain is  just a smaller part of that whole thing.
I think it comes back to the "what do we mean by latency"


text:
Online retailers and delivery companies explain delivery charges
The Scottish Affairs Committee are to hold a one-off session to investigate delivery charges for online purchases.
Watch Parliament TV: Delivery charges in Scotland
Inquiry: Delivery charges in Scotland
High fees and long delivery times
Areas of Scotland are subject to some of the highest fees and longest delivery times in the UK, and in some cases customers are refused any service at all. The issue is most severe in island communities and the Highlands where charges can be as high as £18.60 per delivery and goods arrive up to 3 days later than other parts of the UK. Many online businesses use private delivery firms who are not subject to the same service obligations as Royal Mail.
The session examines how prevalent high delivery charges are in Scotland and which areas are most affected. The Committee investigates what information is available to consumers about charges and if additional costs reflect the real economic cost of delivering goods. Finally, it will look at what options exist for reducing or eliminating charges.
Tuesday 27 February, Committee Room 15, House of Commons
From 9.45am
Nina Ballantyne, Programme and Postal Policy Team Manager, Citizens Advice Scotland
Lindsey Fussell, Consumer Group Director, Ofcom
David MacKenzie, Trading Standards Manager, Highland Council Trading Standards
From 10.45am
Lesley Smith, Director of Public Policy, UK & Ireland, Amazon
Laurence Garnett, Head of Home Delivery, Argos
Mike Pitt, Director of UK Shipping and Logistics, eBay
Robert Gordon, Director, JBT
Fraser Maclean, General Manager, Menzies Distribution
Tim Jones, Director of Marketing, DPD
Chair's comments
Announcing the session, Chair of the Scottish Affairs Committee, Pete Wishart MP commented:
"High charges and lengthy delivery times are yet another thing that makes it just that little bit harder for people and businesses outside the major population centres in Scotland. If you are paying £15 more to get something delivered and having to wait three more days to receive it then it makes a real difference to whether your business is competitive or not.
When we announced this session last month we invited the people of Scotland to tell us about their experiences of high delivery charges and the impact it has had on them. I am very pleased with the response we received and this will help inform our questioning."
Image: Royal Mail Group

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Magritte - les valeurs personnelles 1952.
The animation is taken from an ongoing VR painting project to reconstruct Van Gogh's Yellow House at Place Lamartine in Arles. The paintings of his bedroom have been broken down into individual 2D elements which were then built and painted in 3D before being reassembled into a model of the room.
The works of various Dutch artists are being used as the source for recreating the spaces represented in paintings of Delft including a new virtual reconstruction of Vermeer's house on the Oude Langendijk canal. The painted elements are extracted, modelled and reassembled in 3D space which can then be explored in VR.
The surreal painting, les valeurs personnelles was completed by Magritte in 1952. This virtual version of the painting allows the viewer to move and explore inside the room.


Veteran game composer George Oldziey joined Origin in 1994 to score one of that year's biggest games, Wing Commander III: Heart of the Tiger. Since then, Oldziey has has put his mark on some of the biggest computer games of the 1990s, including titles in the Wing Commander, Ultima, and Crusader series. After leaving Origin, Oldziey embarked on a freelance career that has seen him working on Red Faction: Guerrilla, a free-to-play MMORPG, and Robert Rodriguez' movies, amongst others.
George Oldziey: I really had NO experience with video game music at the time of my hiring by EA/Origin to work on Wing Commander III. That was my first game score. I had recently completed my masters degree in music composition, but was mostly making a living playing and teaching piano. I'd run into a friend who had recently been hired by Origin, and he told me of a job opening there for a composer. I quickly put together a demo tape of various musical styles and they hired me a few weeks later. I had never even heard of Wing Commander, and had no idea what a big title it was until I was actually working on it.
Simon: How difficult was it to adapt to the musical language of science fiction, or do you feel that your earlier composing studies gave you a 'toolkit' that you could apply to many genres, including large-scale sci-fi titles?
George Oldziey: I was most certainly familiar with the musical vocabulary of sci-fi, I'd just never worked on a commercial project of that genre before. I have to say that my best education in the art of scoring with an orchestral palette came from playing trumpet in orchestras in NYC. Most classical orchestral trumpet parts are a bit on the sparse side in terms of playing time, so you have quite an opportunity to listen to the rest of the orchestra from a great vantage point. I was able to absorb the sounds of how the masters utilized the instruments in the orchestra and tried to apply that to my scoring.
George Oldziey: Regarding Wing Commander IV, I think I did some of my best work for that game, even though it wasn't quite as successful a commercial hit as WCIII. I'd just come off an entire year of composing for WCIII, and my "chops" as it were got fairly strong. I also had a much better sound library palette to choose from, so it was a lot more inspiring for me.
Wing Commander: Prophecy was the first WC game that Chris Roberts didn't produce, and unfortunately the new producer wanted to, in my opinion, throw the baby out with the bathwater in terms of trying to create a fresh approach. That included me being told that anything that sounded reminiscent to the other WC games would not be accepted. I really felt, and lobbied pretty hard, about the fact that WC fans expected a particular sound that had become a signature style for the game. We did ultimately reach a compromise of sorts, but I didn't really enjoy working on that game, and don't think I created my best work for it.
Simon: With the sheer amount of FMV/live action cutscenes in these three Wing Commander games, in how far did your music have to compete for memory space on the games' CDs and did this ever impact your composition process? How did the cutscenes impact your work in terms of the quantity of music that was required, and in terms of scheduling — presumably you had to wait until the cutscenes had been shot to score them?
Simon: During your time at Origin, you also scored Crusader: No Regret and provided additional music for Wings of Glory. How did the sci-fi scenario in Crusader: No Regret and thus your musical approach to it differ from the Wing Commander games? On Wings of Glory, you collaborated with Laura Barrett and Nenad Vugrinec, who had scored several other Origin games. Can you recall for us the collaborative processes between Origin's in-house composers during that time?
George Oldziey: The Crusader music, at least in my mind, had a more industrial approach than the Wing Commander music; less of that classic style. It was also a much smaller title in terms of size, so it didn't take very long to finish. I didn't really collaborate, as it were, with Laura or Neno very much, and in fact the only music I recall doing for Wings of Glory was the final credits, which was basically a jazz piano improvisation utilizing the chord progression of an old standard jazz song. Now I don't even recall what that tune was!
Simon: Your last game for Origin was the long-awaited Ultima IX: Ascension. With this game, you stepped both into a new genre (fantasy) and into one of the most renowned and beloved RPG franchises. Was Ultima IX a daunting project to some degree, and how strongly was your work on the game influenced by previous Ultima scores? How did your music intimately complement the game's lush visuals and what was it like to work with live musicians?
George Oldziey: I really didn't start on that until about a year before its release, and it took about nine months to complete.
I quickly decided that I wanted to be one of the contractors that Origin utilized, so an arrangement was made that they would lay me off and give me a generous severance settlement and the ability to purchase the gear I had in my studio. That enabled me to get off the ground right away on Ultima IX, my first title from the "outside". The original plan was that I'd be guaranteed two such titles, but Origin was shut down by EA shortly thereafter. I really had no trouble transitioning back into the freelance world, since that's where I'd spent most of my professional life before being hired by Origin.
Simon: Since founding George Oldziey Music, Inc., you've worked on a number of films, including several movies of director Robert Rodriguez, including Spy Kids 2, Spy Kids 3D, Sin City, andGrindhouse: Planet Terror. How did this collaboration begin? What is it about Rodriguez' films, which range from B-movie homages to colourful kids movies, that intrigues you when you work on them?
George Oldziey: My association with Robert began rather simply in that he'd been given a copy of a demo I made upon my leaving Origin, and he just happened to be in the market for someone of my abilities at the time. I actually went through something of a trial process for the Spy Kids 2 gig, in which we put together a day-long orchestral scoring session where we recorded my arrangements of some of his songs. I did all the orchestrations, hired the orchestra and the recording company, as well as conducted the orchestra. He really liked the result, and that turned into a very nice run of several feature films on which I worked.
George Oldziey: Working on that score was some of the most fun I've ever had in the industry. It began innocuously enough when the audio director for the game contacted me by email from South Korea and asked me if I'd be interested in scoring the game. He already had approval for hiring a full orchestra and a choir and just needed my bid for my services. It was unusual, and seemed like a dream come true. In addition, they really wanted to record the score in Hollywood in order to use that fact in their publicity for the game. Sitting in the booth at Warner Brothers and hearing that sound coming from the monitors for the first time is a moment I'll never forget! What great musicians!
Simon: MMORPGs, with the immense amount of time that players spend in their worlds, pose particular challenges in regards to how much attention their music should attract, or not ,so that the score doesn't feel repetitive. How did you tackle that challenge with a full-bodied orchestral score?
George Oldziey: I'm actually not completely sure how the Shaiya music was utilized in the game, but they did give me a very detailed cue list with exact lengths of the pieces, which ones should loop, and included examples of temp music that they wanted me to emulate to some extent. So their direction was very precise, and I basically created the score within the parameters they had already set forth.
Simon: One of your latest high-profile game projects was Red Faction: Guerrilla, a soundtrack that was a collaboration between five different composers, including Tim Wynn and Jake Kaufman. You worked with Dan Wentz on a number of compositions — how closely did you two collaborate? The score showed a side to your talents that gamers hadn't been exposed to much before: electronic, semi-ambient pieces that developed a gritty, dark atmosphere. Was this a new genre for you or had you worked with such stylings on other projects?
George Oldziey: I was contacted to work on Red Faction: Guerrilla, because they really liked the work I did on Grindhouse: Planet Terror. Basically, my work for that game was to create about 60 minutes of music in that style, with some pieces utilizing themes originally composed by Dan for the earlier Red Faction games, as well as others composed totally from scratch. I didn't collaborate with the other composers, but Dan and I stayed constantly in touch so that I could stay true to his original intent while I explored new sounds and musical textures. I really enjoyed working on that project.
As I mentioned, the sound was inspired by my work on Planet Terror, but in RFG I had the opportunity to REALLY explore that genre, which was a bit new to me. I've always felt that the line between musical scoring and sound design is very hazy, especially in more contemporary scores, so I always welcome the challenge and opportunity that comes with expanding one's musical vocabulary. I think all music is relevant, and a good composer should be able to create hybrids of a vast variety of styles if necessary.
Simon: Many thanks for your time today, George Oldziey. Is there anything else you'd like to say about your work in general and do you have any messages to readers from around the world?
George Oldziey: I just want to thank you for the opportunity to answer your questions, and am thankful that after all these years, game fans still remember me and appreciate my music. I've been blessed in that I've had the opportunity to work on some great game and film projects. Hopefully those opportunities will continue well into the future!
On another musical note, after decades of composing for other people, I'm finally releasing a CD of all original Latin/Jazz music under my own name! The band is called GATO 6 (GATO being my initials; George Alan Thaddeus Oldziey) and will be released on my own record label, Bus Biscuit Records. The CD is entitled El Viento and will be officially released August 23rd. So keep an eye out for it on iTunes, Amazon, CDBaby and a host of other sources! You can hear some samples here.
Posted on August 15, 2012 by Simon Elchlepp. Last modified on February 27, 2014.


text:
Q: AJP Checksum Error I am looking into a TCP capture with Wireshark and I am seeing numerous AJP errors that look similar to below coming from our Apache server. I'm wondering what is causing these errors and what I can do to resolve them?

AJP13 Error?[Unreassembled
  Packet [incorrect TCP checksum]]
Checksum: 0x66ff [incorrect, should be
  0x0912 (maybe caused by "TCP checksum
  offload"?)]

A: Your network card has told the TCP stack that it can handle the TCP checksum calculation in hardware. This means the fields in the TCP header that are passed down the stack lack a checksum, as the card said it will add them before it puts them on the wire.
Unfortunately this means that anything snooping on the packet on the way out of the machine will see a packet without a correct checksum because the two bytes that make up the checksum retain the previous value of whatever data was written to that area of memory previously.

A: You probably have a network card configured on your system to offload the tcp checksumming.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Why doesn't Kotlin support "ternary operator" Explain: This question is more about the design intentions of Kotlin. Many expression languages support both Ternary operator and if expression [e.g., Ruby, Groovy.]

First of all, I know Groovy supports both Ternary operator and Elvis operator: Ternary operator in Groovy. So I don't think it's a syntax problem.

Then the official documents said:

In Kotlin, if is an expression, i.e. it returns a value. Therefore there is no ternary operator (condition ? then : else), because ordinary if works fine in this role.

And this doesn't convince me. Because Kotlin support Elvis operator which ordinary if works just fine in that role either.
I think ternary operator is sometimes better than ordinary if, though I wonder why doesn't Kotlin just support ternary operator?

A: In languages which have ternary operator you use it like this
String value = condition ? foo : bar;

In Kotlin you can do the same thing using if and else
var value = if(condition) foo else bar;

Its bit verbose than the ternary operator. But designers of Kotlin have thought it is ok. You can use if-else like this because in Kotlin if is an expression and returns a value
Elvis operator is essentially a compressed version of ternary conditional statement and equivalent to following in Kotlin.
var value = if(foo != null) foo else bar;

But if Elvis operator is used it simplify as follows
var value = foo ?: bar;

This is considerable simplification and Kotlin decided to keep it.

A: Because if .. else .. works fine. Take a look:
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    var i = 2

    println("i ${ if(i == 1) "equals 1" else "not equals 1" }")
}

A: Ternary operator has its problems, for example it is hard to read with big expressions. Here is a line from my C++ project where I used ternary operator:
const long offset = (comm_rank > 0) ? task_size_mod + (comm_rank - 1) * task_size : 0;

I would rather use an if else expression here since it is so much more visible.
Answering you question, I am aware of two reasons why ternary operator was not implemented in Kotlin:
1) Since if else is an expression anyway, it can replace ? :
2) Experience from other languages (C++) shows that ? : provokes hard-to-read code, so it is better to be left out

A: Because if-else is an expression in Kotlin :
String check = number % 2 == 0 ? "even" : "odd" // Java

if (number % 2 == 0) "even else "odd" // Kotlin

So that's why there are no ternary operator in Kotlin, Moreover you can use when expressions too, it's so handy if you want to provide a lot of possible execution paths

A: Programmers at some point, have to make a decision to execute a block of code, this is known as Control Flow. If statement is most basic way to control flow in Kotlin. Important point to note that  in Kotlin, If is an expression not a statement as it is Java.

*

*Statement: A statement is an executed line which does not return a
value. As a result, statement cannot sit right side of an equal
sign.

*Expression: An expression returns a value.So the result of a Kolin
If expression can be assigned to a variable.
Because of this the ternary expression would be redundant and does not exists in Kotlin. In Java we would write (Here is the answer of your question)
For Example
Ternary Operator in Java
int lowest  = (a < b) ? a : b;
In Kotlin we can write something similar using the if expression.
val lowest = if(a < b) a else b
NOTE:
When If is used as an expression it must contain an else clause. The expression must have a value in all case.


Locksmith in MN – Let's just say there are tons of these. But could you trust them all? From Craigslist to websites; how would you pick the best locksmith in the future unlock your vehicle? There are certain things to think about when trusting a locksmith with your car. Three items to consider are establishment, experience, and professionalism.
First, Establishment. This place is probably the most important key ingredients in finding the very best locksmith in Saint Paul or even the best locksmith in Minneapolis. Is the locksmith you are looking at established in his/her community? Have they got reviews? Internet site the right tools so that your vehicle isn't broken when they unlock the doors? They're huge when thinking about a locksmith for hire in MN.
Second, Experience. The locksmith's experience is large when it comes to hiring a locksmith. If you hire an attorney who's not a clue what they're doing you could be sitting watching this stranger try and "break in your car" at least that is what it appears like for those who have a struggling inexperienced locksmith practical. You will end up waiting longer having an inexperienced locksmith. No doubt about this. Usually aim for a locksmith with a minimum of five years' experience. These work best locksmith in Robbinsdale.
Last, Professionalism. Let's all admit, email box being a locksmith in the future striking on your stranded girl…. Professionalism is key when choosing the correct locksmith. Greater professional the locksmith the smoother the service is going to be. Should they be attempting to open your car or truck and swearing up bad weather it just looks really bad. Professionalism is needed for virtually any service particularly for locksmith in MN.
Check out about Locksmith in Saint Paul please visit website: this.


text:
Q: Use not loaded virtual properties with lazy loading off I'm using EF Edmx, with lazy loading off.
I get an item with that has a virtual list as a navigation property to other object.
ex:
public partial class CalculationInstance{
     public virtual ICollection<ServiceOffer> ServiceOffers { get; set; }
}

I have a method to get a CalculationInstance, where I do not include the ServiceOffers.
Later in the code I want to make an attribution to the ServiceOffers of that object instance:
var cInst = GetCalculationInstance(id);
cInst.ServiceOffers = GetListOfServiceOffers();

Later, when I try to use ServiceOffers, it throws exception of Context object disposed. As it's trying to get them from database, instead of just using the service offers that I just attributed.

The ObjectContext instance has been disposed and can no longer be used
  for operations that require a connection.

My goal is to fill the object with my own list and not from database, is there a way to do this?
EDIT:
for reference:
public CalculationInstance GetCalculationInstance(Guid id) {
        PortugalInternalCalculatorDb ctx = null;
        try {
            ctx = _ciContextFactory.Create();
            return ctx.CalculationInstances
                .Include(l => l.CompatibilityGroup)
                .Include(l => l.CalculationAnswers)
                .SingleOrDefault(l => l.Id == id);
        } finally {
            if (ctx != null)
                _ciContextFactory.Release(ctx);
        }
    }

public List<ServiceOffer> GetServiceOffers(Guid calcInstanceId, string partner = null) {
            PortugalInternalCalculatorDb ctx = null;
            try {
                ctx = _ciContextFactory.Create();
                return
                    ctx.ServiceOffers
                        .Include(_ => _.ServiceOfferFeatures)
                        .Include(_ => _.Provider)
                        .Where(_ => _.CalculationInstanceId == calcInstanceId
                        && (partner == null || _.Provider.CommunicatorPrefix.ToLower().Equals(partner)))
                        .ToList();
            } finally {
                if (ctx != null)
                    _ciContextFactory.Release(ctx);
            }
        }


I was just on a long road trip with my family and I was thinking about what healthy choices truck drivers have. I know all too well what it is like to pack my own food, being a former flight attendant and how the healthy options are not always accessible and if they are it's always more expensive.
I have been taking Isagenix for over a year and it has made such a huge difference in my life. I've lost weight, have more energy and feel really healthy. It is the perfect food to travel with and I was thinking about you and how I could share what I know with you.
Sorry, I tried the link and it does not exist? But the isanex one does.
Some detox systems can get people real sick as well and being on the road while trying out a new product is really not a safe place to do it most truckers are on the road 2,3,6, weeks at a time, even months before they get home.
Before anyone tries any product they should talk with their Doctor first!!


text:
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Home Obituaries Nettle Creek Gazette Obituaries Charles Robert "Bob" Cutshaw
Charles Robert "Bob" Cutshaw
HMG Staff
Charles Robert "Bob" Cutshaw, 84, of Hagerstown, died at his home on Saturday, December 14, 2019, following a long illness, with his loving wife by his side.
Bob was born near Greenville, TN on October 28, 1935 to Dempsey and Gladys (Bolden) Cutshaw. When he was about 9 years old they moved to New Castle. Bob proudly served in the U.S. Army, stationed in Korea. Upon leaving the Army he joined the Army Reserve. He retired from Perfect Circle / Dana Corp. in Hagerstown.
On June 6, 1959 he married the love of his life, Ellen Favorite, and she survives. They celebrated their 60th wedding anniversary this past summer. He enjoyed camping, fishing and spending time with family and friends.
Left to cherish his memory are, in addition to his wife, a sister, Wilma Jean Boswell of Greenville, TN; step-sisters Betty Owens (Nasby) and Kay Pass (Steve); step-brothers Michael and Jack Roseberry; sister-in-law Genevieve Neel and several nieces, nephews and cousins.
In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by his step-father, Ralph Roseberry; sister and brother-in-law Joyce Ann and Earl Parrott; step-brother Wayne Roseberry; step sister, Barbara Roseberry and his mother and father -in law, to whom he was very close, Ernest and Addie Favorite.
The family expresses their sincere thanks to all of the special nieces, nephews, friends and neighbors who helped during Bob's illness.
Visitation will be 12 noon to 2PM on Wednesday, December 18, at Culberson Funeral Home, Hagerstown. Services will follow at 2 PM. Pastor Jimmy Anderson will officiate. Burial will be in West Lawn Cemetery.
Memorials may be made to St. Jude Children's Hospital.
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text:
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum captures Suncast® Championship Classic at WEF
CSI2* WEF Week 2 2016
Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum and Unbelievable 5. Photo (c) Sportfot.
The second week of competition at the Winter Equestrian Festival (WEF) concluded on Sunday with young riders taking the spotlight in the International Arena, followed by the $35,000 Suncast® Championship Classic. Meredith Michaels-Beerbaum (GER) and Unbelievable 5, owned by Windward Farm and Jessica Siuda, renewed their winning partnership.
There were 10 clear rounds out of 54 entries in the $35,000 Suncast® Championship Classic, and they traveled a course designed by Catsy Cruz (MEX). Michaels-Beerbaum and Unbelievable 5, a 15-year-old Dutch Warmblood gelding by Manhattan x Democraat, posted the fastest time of 34 seconds flat. Eric Lamaze (CAN) and Check Picobello Z, owned by Artisan Farms LLC and Torrey Pines, were just behind in the standings when they set the pace in 34.64 seconds. Third place went to Chloe Reid (USA) on Codarco in a time of 34.81 seconds. Ireland's Cian O'Connor and Sam du Challois, owned by Ronnocco Jump, Ltd. And Jean-Claude Jobin, were fourth in 35.03 seconds, while Amanda Derbyshire (GBR) rode David Gochman's Cannavaro BH to fifth place in 35.08 seconds.
Michaels-Beerbaum watched Lamaze in the jump-off and saw him leave a stride out from jumps one to two. "I didn't even try for that; that was too extreme," she revealed. "I just tried to ride the track how I knew he could do it. I really cut to number three and then I was really short everywhere else. I slowed down a little bit to the last (jump). There was possibly one less stride there that I might have tried had we been in better form together, but it wasn't necessary in the end."
Getting back into form was the goal for Michaels-Beerbaum, who explained the Unbelievable 5 is just back into the main ring after a two-year absence due to injury. The pair was successful at top shows in Europe in 2013 before he was sidelined. Last summer, Unbelievable 5 returned to showing locally with another rider, and Michaels-Beerbaum started back with him in the fall.
"This is his first big win, but also (his first) big track again. It took a long time after an almost two year break to get him going again. This is really nice for him that he showed his form again and was as good as ever. It was nice for the owners because they spent a lot of time and had a lot of patience," she shared. "A lot of people would have given up on the horse and would have thought he wouldn't make it back, but they really gave it the time and proper veterinary care to bring him back in the sport. This is really quite a nice win for him."
While it was the first time that Michaels-Beerbaum could push for speed in a jump-off, she felt very comfortable doing so due to her previous relationship with him. "I know the horse very, very well. He had some outstanding results at 1.60m grand prix. I know he's very, very fast. Until now I've only gone slow with him, so this was the first fast round, but I did feel very comfortable knowing him. He's like an old partner of mine. The speed part wasn't an issue. But it is the first time he's gone fast in over two years! It all came together really nicely. He likes going fast. He's at his most comfortable going fast."
Michaels-Beerbaum was happy to start out the 2016 WEF circuit with a win. She remarked, "It's very difficult to win here. If you win anything here, it's extraordinary. It's a great way to start. My greatest pleasure is that this great horse that has had a rough go is back in form and back in the sport. It's really quite nice."
Source: Press release from Equestrian Sport Productions News // Picture © Sportfot
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International competition kicks off at 2016 WEF


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text:
using Jonas.BitcoinPriceNotification.Robot.Domain.Model;

namespace Jonas.BitcoinPriceNotification.Robot.Domain.Interfaces.Services
{
    public interface INotificationConfigurationService
    {
        NotificationConfiguration CreateFromArguments(string[] arguments);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A Democratic lawmaker in the Virginia House of Delegates proposed a bill that would allow for abortions through the end of the third trimester of pregnancy.
During Democratic Delegate Kathy Tran's presentation of the bill on Tuesday, Majority Leader Todd Gilbert (R.) asked her about the full extent of the bill's leniency.
"How late in the third trimester could a physician perform an abortion if he indicated that it would impair the mental health of the woman?" Gilbert asked.
Tran replied that was a decision the woman and her doctor would have to make before choosing to have an abortion. Gilbert asked specifically if the measure would allow for abortion right before birth.
Nearly half of the Democratic caucus supported the bill, called the Repeal Act, but when put to a vote, it was defeated. Gov. Ralph Northam (D.) has also voiced support for similar pro-abortion bills in the Virginia Senate, none of which have passed.
"When we can't change people's minds, we change seats," Northam said last week at a pro-abortion rally inside the State Capitol building after two bills failed to leave the Virginia Senate Committee on Education and Health.
This entry was posted in Issues and tagged Abortion, Ralph Northam, Virginia. Bookmark the permalink.
Nic Rowan was a 2017 summer intern at the Washington Free Beacon. He is a student at Hillsdale College studying history and journalism. His Twitter handle is @NicXTempore.