text:
Илија Хаџи-Милутиновић Гарашанин (Гараши код Аранђеловца, 16. јануар (јк)28. јануар 1812 — Гроцка, 10. јун (јк)22. јун 1874) био је српски државник. Гарашанин је био председник Владе, министар унутрашњих послова и један од уставобранитеља. Творац је Начертанија.

Биографија
Син је Хаџи Милутина Савића, имућнога марвеног трговца. Савићи су били пореклом из братства Бошковића из Бјелопавлића, у Црној Гори, одакле су се настанили у селу Гарашима. Илија је узео Гарашанин као своје презиме, по родном месту код Аранђеловца.

Он се прво школовао у очевој кући, подучаван од приватних учитеља. Затим је учио грчку школу у Земуну, а потом неко време и у Ораховици, где је научио немачки. Када се вратио кући, првобитно је помагао оцу у трговини. Године 1837. кнез Милош Обреновић га је узео у државну службу, и поставио за цариника у селу Вишњици, на Дунаву, а касније у Београду. Када је увео регуларну војску, кнез Милош је поставио Гарашанина за старешину, у чину пуковника. После одласка кнеза Милоша боравио је неко време у Влашкој, где је био закупио неке мошеје. Године 1842. његов отац и старији брат, који су били на Вучићевој страни, погинули су у борби против кнеза Михаила, а по кнезовој наредби. Исте године, постављен је за помоћника министру унутрашњих послова Вучићу. Када је 1843. Вучић морао, на захтев Русије, да оде из земље, Гарашанин је уместо њега постао министар унутрашњих послова и остао је на том положају све до 1852. године.

Политичка каријера
Гарашанин је био један од највећих државника и администратора уставобранитељског времена. Био је врло конзервативан у унутрашњој политици и бирократски начин управе сматрао је јединим могућим. У спољној политици био је први југословенски државник међу Србима, сматрајући да само једна велика југословенска држава може одржати своју самосталност и избећи зависност како од Русије тако и од Аустрије. За разлику од других српских државника (савременика) Илија није био довољно учен нити се образовао у иностранству. Али у зрелом добу много је путовао по Европи и доста тога европског попримио. Сматра се да је био "копча" између "стараца" и "паризлија" (млађих) — ликова у српској политици.

Имао је великих заслуга за утврђивање уставобранитељскога режима. Створио је полицију у Србији и бирократски начин управе. Гарашанин је заступао чврсту линију ауторитета и апсолутну послушност потчињених. Сматрао је обичан народ неспособним штићеником државе. Године 1844. Гарашанин је био председник "српске владе". У спољној политици имао је врло широке погледе, које је изразио у своме Начертанију из 1844, по којем је Србија требало да ради на стварању велике југословенске државе, под својим предводништвом. Године 1848, за разлику од Вучића, настојао је да Србија притекне у помоћ прекосавским Србима, али, када му је после угушене мађарске буне понуђен аустријски орден, он га је одбио. У "Цртежу" он са жалошћу признаје да су међу свим Јужним Славенима најбројнији Бугари, којима српска страна мора да има посебну политику асимилације.

После Петронијевићеве смрти 1852, постао је кнежев представник и министар иностраних послова, али је на том положају остао само до пролећа 1853. године. Тада је отпуштен на формални захтев Русије која је знала за његове намере да у источној кризи, која се отварала, веже Србију за западне силе, нарочито за Француску, а не за Русију. Од 1856. до 1858. године био је у Савету, и када се после Париског мира кнез Александар Карађорђевић подао аустријском утицају, Гарашанин се окренуо против Кнеза. У борби против кнежеве аустрофилске политике, тражио је ослонац не само код Француске, него и код Порте, па и код Русије, којој се, поред свега онога што му је та сила учинила 1853, био приближио и задобио њено поверење. Приликом Тенкине завере 1857, кнез Александар, подстакнут аустријским конзулом, хтео је осумњичити и Гарашанина да је био уплетен у заверу, али, на крају крајева, није му могао учинити ништа због француске дипломатије, која га је узела у заштиту. Од тога тренутка Гарашанин је одлучно радио на обарању Карађорђевића. Његова је заслуга и раздвајање Порте и Аустрије, које су дотад заједно подупирале Александра Карађорђевића, што је изазвало Портину интервенцију против њега.

После Етем-пашине мисије (почетком 1858), постао је министар унутрашњих послова у Магазиновићевом министарству, које је Порта, подупрта Русијом и Француском, наметнула Карађорђевићу. Ушао је у владу с намером да отера Кнеза. Поред отпора Кнеза Александра и једнога дела Савета успео је да донесе Закон о Народној скупштини. Руководећи изборима за ту Скупштину као министар унутрашњих послова настојао је да буде изабран што већи број кнежевих противника. Надао се да ће уз помоћ Скупштине моћи да обори Кнеза и за тај случај имао је припремљено намесништво, које би управљало земљом, док се Порта и велике силе не би споразумеле о новом Кнезу. Оптуживан је од својих противника да је хтео сам да заузме престо. Извесно је да се спремао да буде члан намесништва. Што се тиче његових претензија на престо оне не изгледају довољно доказане, иако су га Французи спомињали као могућег кнеза.

Када је Светоандрејска скупштина затражила од Александра Карађорђевића оставку, он је, уплашен, молио Гарашанина да га одведе својим колима у град Турцима. Гарашанин је то и учинио, али је одмах кнежев одлазак у град објавио као напуштање престола. Сутрадан је Св. Андрејска скупштина огласила Карађорђевића за збаченог, и уместо да бира намесништво, одмах успоставила династију Обреновића. Успостављење Обреновића било је извршено без знања Гарашанина. Одлучивши да избегне пошто-пото свако крвопролиће, које би могло изазвати интервенцију Аустрије, Гарашанин није хтео да војсци изда наредбу и растера скупштину.

После повратка кнеза Милоша, Гарашанин се држао по страни. Када је кнез Михаило ступио на престо, Гарашанин, кога је Михаилу препоручила Русија, постао је 1861. председник Министарског Савета и министар иностраних послова. Под кнезом Михаилом Гарашанин се бавио готово искључиво питањима спољне политике. Прихватио је Михаилову идеју рата с Турском и живо је радио на склапању ратних савеза са Црном Гором и са Грчком. У исто време организовао је пропаганду на целом Балканском полуострву како би, чим Србија зарати с Турском, настао општи устанак потлачених народа против Отоманске империје. За време његовога министровања, решено је питање царских градова и турски гарнизони напустили су 1867. године све тврђаве које су држали у Србији.

Године 1867. Гарашанин је изненада отпуштен, по свој прилици стога што се превише противио намераваној Михаиловој женидби са блиском рођаком Катарином Константиновић, унуком стрица Јеврема Обреновића. Отпуштање Гарашанина изазвало је енергичне протесте Русије. Мада се говори о отпуштању он је у ствари крајем 1867. године формално поднео оставку, као председник владе и министар иностраних дела. Приликом Михајлове погибије 1868. године затекао се у Топчидеру и одмах пожурио у Београд да обавести министре о несрећи која се десила. Захваљујући његовој присебности, одмах су предузете мере за одржање реда. Последње године свога живота Гарашанин је провео удаљен од политике, на свом (очевом) имању у Гроцкој. Од 5. фебруара 1845. био је почасни члан Друштва српске словесности. Гарашанин је оставио иза себе огромну политичку преписку.

Његов син Милутин Гарашанин (политичар) (1843—1898) био је српски дипломата, посланик Србије у Паризу.

Додељен му је Орден књаза Данила I и Обилића медаља.

Види још
 Гарашанин
 Начертаније
 Прва влада Илије Гарашанина
 Влада Илије Гарашанина од 1861.
 Списак председника Влада Србије
 Списак министара иностраних послова Србије

Референце

Литература

 Народна енциклопедија, Станоје Станојевић, Загреб, 1925—1929. pp. 455—456 чланак С. Јовановића
 Народна енциклопедија, Станоје Станојевић, Загреб, 1925—1929. pp. 31 чланак М. Миленовић
Никифоров К. В. «Начертание» Илии Гарашанина и внешняя политика Сербии в 1842—1853 гг. — М.: «Индрик», 2015. — 256 с

Спољашње везе

Рођени 1812.
Умрли 1874.
Илија
Аранђеловчани
100 најзнаменитијих Срба по САНУ
Српски министри
Чланови Друштва српске словесности
Чланови Српског ученог друштва
Носиоци Ордена књаза Данила I


text:
UCAS Code: 350Y
120 UCAS Tariff points from three A-Levels or equivalent qualifications, including A-level grade B in an IT, Maths or a Science subject or equivalent.
Pass your Access course with 60 credits overall with a minimum of 45 credits at level 3 including relevant IT, Maths or Science modules
120 UCAS tariff points from your BTEC level 3 National Diploma and one A-Level or equivalent qualifications, including A-level grade B in an IT, Maths or a Science subject or equivalent.
120 UCAS tariff points from your BTEC level 3 National Extended Certificate and two A-levels or equivalent qualifications, including A-level grade B in an IT, Maths or a Science subject or equivalent.
including relevant IT, Maths or Science modules
including an IT, Maths or Science subject.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


All that is, all that will ever be is the energy within and emitted through all. An eternal frequency that inspires, motivates, penetrates, and heals. We are given an illuminated, enlightening path in order to experience frequencies evoked and emitted by our environment. These frequencies are represented via light, sound, and internal perception. What is your frequency?
Without sound, there would be no music. and without music, there would be no life. and without a life force, there would be no matter. but it does not matter because what is matter, If there is no light?


Although Mikhail Botvinnik lost the title to Vasily Smyslov in 1957, the FIDE rules at that time allowed a rematch. This match was held in Moscow, March 1958. This time Botvinnik started with three straight wins, kept that margin up to the half way point, then coasted home to regain the title after 23 games.
The chief arbiter for this match was Swedish GM, Gideon Stahlberg.
During game #15 of this match, Botvinnik had a very favorable position after 55 moves, and had only to make two moves in three minutes in order to adjourn and work out the possibilities. However, he stared at the board and became so absorbed in trying to figure out the win of a piece and which pawn to push, that he was quite surprised when Stahlberg informed him that he had forfeited in time.
In spite of that time management error, Botvinnik maintained his composure and the lead. After 23 games, having achieved 12.5 points, Mikhail Botvinnik became the World Chess Champion for the second time.
Feb-25-09 TheChessGuy: Po shakhmatui, meaning, "Of chess."
Mar-03-09 talisman: after numerous complaints, moscow spares no expense for a new table and chairs.
Sadly, they couldn't afford new socks!
Mar-03-09 talisman: <Dredge Rivers> great handle. smyslov looks like he got a miniature manicurist dressed in white.
Mar-03-09 Dredge Rivers: <talisman> <great handle> Sorry, I can't take credit for it myself. Johnny Carson coined it years ago as a quintessential name for a real manly man.
BTW, do you get your name from the Stephen King novel?
Mar-03-09 talisman: <Dredge Rivers> no...first thing popped in my head signing up, w/ tal as my favorite.johnny carson! another favorite.
Jim Bartle: Ed: "I hold in my hand the final envelope."
Carnac: "May the sewers of Ansapoor back up into your six o'clock news."
Q: What do you call a military coup led by General Kitchy Kitchy?
kevin86: Botvinnik is second player to regain title-he will also be the third!
He starts out hoy here with 3 straight wins and never allows Smyslov to get closer than two games behind.
Aug-29-09 talisman: <kevin86> that's true...But...there was always the man on the Right...adjusting Botvinnik's clock.he was caught only once...in this picture.
thegoodanarchist: "Smyslov understood chess more profoundly than his great rival Mikhail Botvinnik, against whom he contested three world championship matches with honours even. But Botvinnik was the better psychologist, had a shrewd knowledge of chess politics and made wily use of rules where 12-12 kept his title in 1954 and his 1957 defeat gave him a return series where he caught the <flu-stricken Smyslov> at the start."
Apr-06-10 Petrosianic: I hadn't heard this flu business before, but it seems to be the "official excuse" in the last few days. None of the GM's I've heard comment on the match have ever mentioned it. They usually talk about psychological factors. As no healthy player ever lost a game anyway, it seems like kind of a Non-Excuse excuse.
Certainly Tal did not use ill health as an excuse for losing the rematch in '61.
And the article does not quote Smyslov on the issue.
But then how does one explain 3 losses in a row (2 with White!), followed shortly by a win?
Not true! Scroll up to the top of the page. Where is says "History of the World Championship," click "next".
You will see a photo from 1960. Tal, Botvinnik, and mystery man to MB's right!
Wasn't Game 5 decided by a Botvinnik howler 2 moves before the end? I don't know how Smyslov's flu explains that unless Vassily sneezed on him.
When people get the flu, it doesn't last their whole life. They are sick for a few days and then recover.
Or perhaps you were making a joke?
May-12-10 I play the Fred: Why is this match called the rematch? It should be called the return match.
#1 is the first match. #2 is the rematch of #1. #3 is the return match of #2 in reference to the rule on the books at the time. There was no return match in force for #2, since Smyslov did not defeat Botvinnik in 1954.
May-12-10 Petrosianic: 1958 was Botvinnik's re-match. 1957, while a return match wasn't really a "re-match", as it didn't come automatically. Smyslov had to go back and earn another match.
However, I think cg.com calls the 1981 match a re-match, even though Korchnoi earned that one again too, so the usage isn't always consistent.
A rematch, to me, is the one that isn't automatic. I think of 1957 as the rematch of 1954 (similarly, the 1994 Super Bowl was a rematch of the 1993 Super Bowl, as both teams had to earn their spots in it.), whereas 1958 was the return match required by rule.
I guess that's what I was getting at: consistent usage. The term "return match", I believe, should be in use when the rules mandated it.
IIRC, Kasparov-Karpov III (1986) was a return match, and perhaps the last one we'll see.
May-12-10 Petrosianic: Usage may vary. To me, a rematch suggests one which IS automatic. Either way is fine though, as long as the terms are used consistently. I don't see any way to say that 1981 was a rematch but 1957 wasn't. But that's the way they have them labeled.
There were also people who questioned whether or not the Anand-Kramnik match should have been called a rematch. It was a return "contest", but the first actual "match" between them. Thefreedictionary.com (which tends to use such words informally), defines rematch as "A second contest between the same opponents." (without distinguishing between Automatic or Earned, or between Match or Tournament). Was Anand-Kramnik a rematch even under that definition? Unclear. Anand and Kramnik were two of the "same opponents" from Mexico City, but not everyone from Mexico was there. But since the two that mattered (the guy who lost the title and the guy who won it) were both present, I think of Bonn as a "rematch", (automatic chance to get title back) even though Mexico City hadn't been a match at all.
offramp: I like the picture at the top of the page.
Why weren't wax mats allowed in the playing hall?
OhioChessFan: I am trying to find a hidden message in the no waxmat sign. There's got to be some reason all the letters are mirror images. Maybe it's a negative instead of the real pic and the letters are backwards....tamxaw on......nope. Maybe an anagram.....woman tax.......maybe. I will work on this mystery.


The Laboratory of Building Energy and Microclimate Systems of "Sunrise Valley". Center Of Civil Engineering was established in 2010 by the Department of Buildings Energetics initiative and built the special premises funded by the University. The laboratory work area - buildings, energy supply and consumption, systems and processes research, development and application.
Research of rational suite to use renewable energy for heating and cooling in Lithuanian climate conditions.
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Through research, laboratory and its staff contribute to sustainable energy consumption and the creation of a modern building.
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Technical feasibility studies of the use of renewable energy sources in buildings. The research covers the use of renewable energy sources, such as the Sun, wind, geothermal energy, biofuel, etc. The analysis of energy demand is conducted in order to form the balance of energy demand and capacity. The specialists perform technical evaluation of the implementation of renewable sources, select the basic technical solutions for the implementation, present economic and environmental evaluation of the suggested alternatives, and search for the financial support for the chosen alternatives (in LT or EU).
Building's energy audit by measuring the actual energy parameters. While performing the energy audit the information on the technical condition of building's envelopes and engineering systems is revealed. The specialists do the calculations of energy normalisation, measure the actual building's energy parameters (thermovision, the measurement of thermal resistance of walls, windows, and roof, leak detection), create a theoretic building's energy model which evaluates the results of actual measurements and is calibrated with actual recorded (historical) energy consumptions in the past, identify energy efficiency measures and evaluate their economic attractiveness by determining the possible energy savings and the need for investments. The specialists can provide information or as researchers take part in projects of the increase of energy performance in buildings (ESCO). Conceptualisation (FP7, IEE), technical and economic evaluation of heat sources and integrated solutions.
Energy planning: preparation of plans of DH sector, feasibility studies of settlements' energy supply. The specialists perform drafting of special plans of DH of the area. The feasibility studies are conducted for settlements' sustainable energy supply, focusing on the development of the use of renewable energy sources and the reduction of negative environmental impact. All the necessary documentation for the financial support of project implementation is prepared. The scientists cooperate with the Lithuanian real estate developers who establish environment and social-friendly business and plan to build settlements or districts of multi-storey buildings with extended use of renewable sources. The specialists look for the possibilities of long-term cooperation in the following areas: consulting at the design stage for the economically justified solutions, inclusion of the project in EU demonstration activities and good practice programmes, and preparation of applications for the financial support.
Thermovision inspection of the building and analysis of envelopes' actual thermal resistance. Thermovision inspection of the building's thermal (by photographs) and dynamic (in video format) processes. The condition of building envelopes' thermal conductivity is identified, the possible construction defects and specific problematic locations are indicated, where the measurements of the actual thermal resistance of the envelopes are performed. The requirements of the repair of defects are formed based on the received data.
Microclimate research of buildings or premises. Measurements of temperature (air, wall surfaces), relative humidity, CO2, air-tightness, illuminance, and noise level are taken. The received results are analysed and the conclusions on the possible problem solving are presented.
Leak detection in buildings or premises. A pressure test is performed in the building or premises. The problematic locations are identified by thermal imaging camera. Air exchange rate in the building or premises is indicated at 50 Pa pressure difference. The received result is used as datum for buildings' certification.
Analysis of ventilation systems. The measurements of air velocity, pressure in ducts are performed. The received data is used as an auxiliary tool for the combination of ventilation systems.
Experimental research of small capacity heat transformers. The research identifies the seasonal energy effectiveness of small capacity (up to several tens of kW) transformers (i.e. heat exchangers, heat pumps, refrigeration equipment, boilers, etc.), the characteristics of operational regime of the device, the influence of new components or new device modification on the performance of the device. The recommendations how to improve the effectiveness and how to combine the listing and transformation modes are presented.
Legal regulation for building's energy efficiency. Preparation of legal documents, help to transposit of EU directives' regulations into Lithuania's legal framework.
In 2010 January 22 VGTU Building Energetics Department was granted a licence to organise training courses for specialists who intend to perform energy audits for buildings. The participants who follow the auditors' training courses and pass the exam acquire a certificate.
The laboratory, together with the Department of Buildings Energetics are currently to tests using modern computer programs, such as EnergyPro, EnergyPlus, SimaPro, Phoenics, TRNSYS, MATLAB + Simulink, METEONORM et al.
The skills of Department researches to use the software were acquired while studying as traineeships in foreign universities through joint projects.


text:
Lights Out at the Penitentiary
Strapped States are Shutting Prisons, But Moving 1,100 Inmates -- Beds and All -- Is a Trial
Warden Woods surveys Hiawatha's abandoned gym equipment.
Fabrizio Costantini for The Wall Street Journal
By Gary Fields
Sept. 5, 2009 11:59 pm ET
KINCHELOE, Mich. -- Jeffrey Woods, warden of the Hiawatha Correctional Facility here at the eastern end of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, was vacationing on Lake Huron when his cellphone rang on July 1.
The message from his boss: Hiawatha, which had been slated to shut down in October as part of a sweeping downsizing of the state's prison system, would now have to close by Aug. 7. That meant he had just five weeks to ship out 1,100 inmates and 207 staff.
"I stopped sleeping" after that, says Mr. Woods, who kept a to-do list by his bed and wrote down new tasks when he was jolted awake in the middle of the night.
The scramble to empty Hiawatha prison is part of a rapid shift in thinking about how many people should be locked up in the U.S., and for what crimes.
For three decades, state and local governments built and filled jails to make good on promises to get tough on crime. Now, the recession and collapsing budgets are forcing an about face.
Prison Crisis in Michigan
Review Michigan's plans to cut costs in its prison system.
Michigan's Empty Prisons
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Prisons are one of the biggest single line items in many state budgets, in part because nearly five times as many people are now behind bars as in the 1970s. From California to New York, officials are now closing penitentiaries and releasing inmates early. At least 26 states have cut corrections spending in fiscal year 2010, and at least 17 are closing prisons or reducing their inmate populations, according to the Vera Institute on Justice, a criminal-justice reform organization in New York.
The problem is especially acute in Michigan. Inmates here on average serve 127% of their court-ordered minimum sentences, well beyond the sentences of inmates in other states that offer parole, according to the Council of State Governments Justice Center. The state last year spent $2 billion on prisons, and one third of all state employees work for the department of corrections, which is among the highest percentage in the nation. With the collapse of the auto industry, the pressure to pare these costs is high.
Earlier this year, Michigan Gov. Jennifer Granholm expanded the parole and clemency board from 10 members to 15 and announced the state's prison population of 48,000 would be cut by 4,000 inmates. Seven correctional facilities have closed so far this year, including Hiawatha; the state has announced it will shutter another four. At least one of those four might remain open as Michigan considers accepting detainees from Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and prisoners from other states. Officials from the federal government recently toured a maximum-security state prison in Standish, Mich., as a possible new home for prisoners held at Guantanamo.
But Hiawatha didn't get such a reprieve. That is why on the morning of July 28, Warden Woods was in his office at 7 a.m. poring over closure plans. Hiawatha, a so-called secure level-one prison, held everyone from burglars to second-degree murderers. Outside Mr. Woods's office, 40 inmates, each wearing arm and leg restraints, boarded a bus with dark-tinted windows headed 200 miles away to another prison where they would serve out the rest of their sentences. More buses and vans would be rolling later in the day, some carrying inmates as far away as Marquette Branch Prison, more than four hours west of here.
Many of the facilities that took in Hiawatha's inmates asked for their mattresses to be sent, too.
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Before inmates could be moved, staff had to consider details like where their co-defendants were located. In some cases, prisoners had testified against co-defendants, or vice versa, and there was bad blood. Gang affiliations also had to be taken into account; wardens didn't want rival gang members ending up in the same place, or worse, cell block. Medical needs and escape histories were factored in, too.
In his office, behind the heavy, sliding security bars that mark the entrance to the inside of the facility, deputy warden Duncan MacLaren was fielding calls for linens, desks and floor fans from the facilities that were taking Hiawatha's inmates. Some of the 16 facilities were also asking that beds, mattresses and lockers be sent before the inmates.
Between calls, Mr. MacLaren played the role of therapist to Hiawatha's staff. He counseled employees who were worried about making it on reduced pay since several of them were being demoted as a result of job transfers. He was in the same boat, demoted to an assistant deputy warden at another prison.
In the center of the prison yard Officer Al Pennell and several other officers scanned the grounds, waiting for prisoners who had not been transferred yet to filter through, unit by unit, for lunch. The huge garden that inmates had grown over the years was beginning to show signs of neglect as staff and prisoners got too busy to weed it.
The president of the local chapter of the union representing the officers, Mr. Pennell had also been inundated with calls and inquiries from guards being transferred. Nine officers from Hiawatha would lose their jobs once the prison closed. Although many were transferring to other prisons located on the same 7,200-acre site, there were still concerns over a lack of familiarity with those prisons -- their operations, layouts, schedules. Some questioned whether they would be able to take vacations they had put in for before the news broke that Hiawatha was closing.
In the library, books and religious tracts were packed up and would later find new homes in other prisons.
There was little talk among the inmates as they walked past, many of them glowering at the officers. Mr. Pennell says he tells friends to keep a close watch over their kids. "We know what we're letting go. We see all the files," he says, referring to the inmates throughout the system who are being released early.
The decisions about whom to parole are made 250 miles away in Lansing, where the Michigan Parole Board occupies the third floor of the Department of Corrections headquarters. Without a quick reduction in the prison population, prisons and camps can't be shut down. Of Hiawatha's 1,100 inmates, 25 were paroled under the recent push to get prisoners out of the system faster.
Parole board member Miguel Berrios was one of the people responsible for thinning the prison's ranks. On the afternoon of July 29, he sat in his office eating microwaveable soup. He had just finished interviewing an inmate at another prison, one with mental issues who sexually assaulted a small child. It was Mr. Berrios's 20th hearing of the day. Once, parole board officials had to visit prisons in person before deciding to release an inmate. Now, hearings are done via video conference. Most interviews last 15 to 20 minutes, although some end quickly because inmates figure it is no use.
His questions for inmates are geared towards getting them to take responsibility for their crimes. He also wants to know if a prisoner has availed himself of the various programs inside. For people who have been turned down for parole before, he asks questions like, "You've been inside 10 years beyond your early release date. Why is that?"
One person Mr. Berrios recently recommended for parole was a man he arrested in the 1970s when Mr. Berrios was a police officer in Grand Rapids. He was also the man's probation officer at one point; at another time, he pursued him when the defendant absconded and became a fugitive. The crimes were never violent, but "he doesn't respect other people's property," Mr. Berrios said. "This guy had been with me 30 years. During the interview I told him we both need to retire." Mr. Berrios said he asked the inmate, who had served 20 years on his last offense, if he'd learned anything. "He said, 'Yeah, don't do this in Michigan.' "
Michigan officials had been reluctant to parole inmates after a 1992 case in which a paroled sex offender, Leslie Allen Williams, killed four young women in Oakland County. The budget crunch has changed that. At the end of 2008, there were 12,000 prisoners in the Michigan prison system who were eligible for parole, but hadn't been released. In recent months, 3,000 of them have been paroled.
The volume of parole interviews has climbed from a rate of about 400 to 500 a week last year to as many as 1,200 a week this year, says Charles Sinclair, the parole board administrator. Parole approvals in July were up 36% over the same time in 2008.
Critics say the rush to parole prisoners could lead to mistakes. It is "a risky strategy, no question. I don't think it's a very good plan," says Michigan State Sen. Wayne Kuipers, who chairs the state's Senate Judiciary Committee.
Mr. Kuipers says Michigan historically has struggled with a poor recidivism rate, and that within 18 to 24 months of their release, 62% of parolees reoffend. He says the state has been testing some new re-entry programs for released inmates and he would rather see how successful those are before increasing paroles.
Mr. Sinclair of the parole board says new risk assessments, including one which can predict the likelihood that sex offender will re-offend, give board members more confidence.
"I am 100% positive we're doing the right thing," says Patricia Caruso, director of Michigan's Department of Corrections, of both the push for parole and the reentry programs. "Every dollar spent on corrections is a dollar not spent on education."
But, she says, she also lives in fear that a parolee will victimize someone and commit a new crime. "I can guarantee something bad will happen. Parolees, like you and I, are human beings and have free will," she says. "I know something bad will happen and I'm going to own it when it does. I say the rosary several times a day."
Back at Hiawatha on July 30, the furniture breakdown and turnstile departures continued as beds were disassembled, lockers moved and living areas emptied. The 10 open bays in each housing unit were initially built to house four men each in a dormitory style setting, meaning no doors and no privacy. That number had climbed as high as eight per bay over the years.
With just a few days to have the prison clear of inmates, there were still 420 prisoners left to be transferred. The night shift was rousting the mornings' travelers out of bed at 3:45 a.m. Another group of 40 men showered, ate breakfast, then headed back to their unit for the last head count they would have at Hiawatha. By 6 a.m. they'd be on a bus. When everyone was gone, only the buildings would remain: The state hasn't yet decided on Hiawatha's future.
Standing in the unit where he began as an officer on the night shift in 1989, Warden Woods said the closure was bittersweet. "I'm here at the end. I was here at the beginning," he said.
By Aug. 7, all the prisoners were gone and the warden faced the reports and requests on his desk, several of them from other wardens seeking equipment. Among the nearly 300 requests: the ladles from the dining hall.
Write to Gary Fields at gary.fields@wsj.com


text:
New IPCC Report: Addressing Climate Change Is Now About Damage Control
Rising seas, scorching wildfires, and devastating droughts are expected to get much worse.
Joseph Winters
Lina Tran
Tierra Del Fuego, Patagonia, Chile.Kike Calvo/ZUMA
This story was originally published by Grist and is reproduced here as part of the Climate Desk collaboration.
Scientists have long warned that time is of the essence to stop emitting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Now, in a new international report released on Monday, they argue the clock is also ticking on efforts to adapt to the devastating consequences of climate change. Rising seas, scorching wildfires, and devastating droughts already jeopardize billions of people worldwide—these, and other climate impacts, are expected to get much worse over the coming decades.
"Any further delay" in global action, the report says, "will miss a brief and rapidly closing window of opportunity to secure a liveable and sustainable future for all."
The new report is the second of three parts of the latest global assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC, a body of leading climate experts from around the world. The first report, which the United Nations secretary-general called a "code red for humanity," was released last summer and addressed the physical science of climate change, warning that global warming was "widespread, rapid, and intensifying." This week's report highlights climate impacts and ways to adapt to them, and the third, slated for publication in April, will focus on ways to limit greenhouse gas emissions.
"Any further delay will miss a brief and rapidly closing window of opportunity to secure a liveable and sustainable future for all."
If the first report in the series conjured up a harrowing vision of a world on the brink of climate catastrophe, this week's analysis brings that world into sharper detail. Region by region, the document describes "widespread, pervasive impacts" to ecosystems, people, settlements, and infrastructure.
In many areas rising temperatures have already caused greater and more extensive damage to the natural world than suggested by previous assessments. Half of the species assessed by the IPCC have been forced to migrate toward the poles or to higher elevations, the report says, while melting glaciers and thawing permafrost are likely causing "irreversible" changes to the land and seas.
Meanwhile, climate change is amplifying human conflicts and causing widespread damage to people's physical and mental health. Animal and human diseases are cropping up in new areas, the report says, while more extreme wildfires and other disasters are causing increased respiratory distress, trauma, and the erosion of livelihoods and cultures. These impacts are not evenly distributed throughout the world, and are "strongly concentrated among the poorest vulnerable populations," according to the report.
There is still time to protect people and ecosystems from some of the worst impacts of climate change, the report says, but time is slipping away. The authors urge world leaders to prepare for worsening conditions by, among other things, conserving at least one-third of the world's natural habitats. Forest conservation and management, for instance, can limit climbing risks from disease and wildfires, while restoring sponge-like wetlands and rivers can keep flooding in check. Preserving biodiverse forests and soggy peatlands has the added benefit of keeping some of the world's biggest carbon sinks intact.
Changes to physical infrastructure, like building levees to safeguard against rising sea levels, can also help protect the up to 3.6 billion people who live in areas highly vulnerable to climate change, the report says. Other options include planned relocation—"aligned with sociocultural values and development priorities, and underpinned by inclusive community engagement processes."
Although adaptation efforts like these have become more commonplace since the IPCC's last assessment report, released in 2014, the authors observe that most countries' efforts are still small in scale and focused on the near term. Countries need to up the ambition of their plans, and fast: With every fraction of a degree the planet warms, it becomes more difficult to implement new adaptation strategies. At 1.5 degrees Celsius, up to 14 percent of species on land face likely extinction. At 2 degrees C, snowmelt availability for irrigation and drinking water will decline by 20 percent, and flood damages could double — threatening the 1 billion people in low-lying cities and settlements. The authors recognize even the most ambitious adaptations won't prevent all impacts; at this point, adaptation is simply about reducing as much damage as possible.
The report also stresses the need for approaches that mitigate climate change's disproportionate impacts on the most vulnerable communities. Between 2010 and 2020, human mortality from floods, droughts, and storms was 15 times higher in highly vulnerable regions than in areas that are better insulated from climate change. Social protection programs like cash transfers and public works programs, the report says, can help mitigate such yawning inequalities while also delivering valuable co-benefits, like boosting gender equality and alleviating poverty. And incorporating Indigenous and community knowledge into policymaking can mitigate climate risks while addressing historical and ongoing patterns of oppression.
"Putting vulnerable groups and countries at the heart of the decision-making process on how we respond to climate change can make societies more resilient," Edwin Castellanos, director of the Sustainable Economic Observatory at the University of the Valley of Guatemala and a lead author of the report, told reporters on Sunday.
Environmental advocates welcomed the report's focus on social justice while also highlighting the report's implications for the controversial topic of "loss and damage," which describes the idea that the countries most responsible for climate change should help pay for its devastating impacts to the developing world. According to Preety Bhandari, senior adviser in global and climate finance for the World Resources Institute, the IPCC's focus on the Global South puts loss and damage "squarely on the table" for negotiators and politicians to address.
Bhandari and others hailed the report as an urgent call for world leaders to center justice at the next U.N. climate conference, which will take place in November in Egypt. That conference, known as COP27, will provide key insights into how wealthy countries will support developing countries in their efforts to adapt to a warming world and transition away from fossil fuels.
"We are hoping for a more positive outcome," Bhandari said, "in terms of recognition of the needs of the vulnerable countries, and finding a solution to support them."
Grist staff writer Zoya Teirstein contributed reporting to this story.
Wildfires Likely to Increase by a Third by 2050, Warns UN
Dirty Dozen: The Private Equity Firms Driving Fossil Fuel Expansion


text:
La saison 1980-1981 du Championnat de Grèce de football était la  de la première division grecque.

Lors de cette saison, l'Olympiakos, a tenté de conserver son titre de champion de Grèce face aux dix-sept meilleurs clubs grecs lors d'une série de matchs se déroulant sur toute l'année. Les dix-huit clubs participants au championnat ont été confrontés à deux reprises aux dix-sept autres.

À l'issue de la saison, l'Olympiakos conserve son titre et remporte pour la  de son histoire le titre de champion de Grèce.

Deux événements tragiques marquent la fin de la saison :

Tout d'abord, le drame survenu après le match Olympiakos-AEK (6-0). À la fin du match, lors de l'évacuation par les supporters du Stade Karaïskaki, l'une des portes - la porte 7 - reste fermée. Sous la pression, des spectateurs ne peuvent éviter le mouvement de foule. Le bilan est important : 19 morts et 55 blessés, tous faisaient partie des supporters de l'Olympiakos...

L'autre événement est le décès, pendant le match entre le PAOK Salonique et l'Olympiakos, de l'entraîneur du PAOK, Gyula Lóránt. C'est son assistant, Aristarchos Fountoukidis, qui dirige alors l'équipe lors des deux dernières rencontres du championnat et lors de la finale de la Coupe de Grèce.

Qualifications en Coupe d'Europe

À l'issue de la saison, le club champion se qualifie pour la Coupe d'Europe des clubs champions 1981-82. Le vainqueur de la Coupe de Grèce est quant à lui qualifié pour la Coupe d'Europe des vainqueurs de coupe 1981-82. Enfin, les clubs classés  et  à l'issue de la saison se qualifient pour la Coupe UEFA 1981-1982 (Si le vainqueur de la Coupe finit à une de ces 2 places, c'est le club classé  qui se qualifie pour cette compétition).

Les 18 clubs participants

Compétition

Classement

Le barème de points servant à établir le classement se décompose ainsi :
 Victoire : 2 points
 Match nul : 1 point
 Défaite, forfait ou abandon du match  : 0 point

|valign=top align=left width=50%|

|}

Matchs

 Atromitos FC a fait jouer son équipe amateur lors de sa défaite 10-0 face à Ethnikos Le Pirée.

Bilan de la saison

Statistiques

Meilleurs buteurs

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Championnat de Grèce de football

Liens externes
  Site officiel de la Fédération grecque de football
  RSSSF

Notes et références

1980-1981
Championnat Grece Football 1980-1981 D1
Championnat Grece Football 1980-1981 D1
Grece D1
Grece D1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rachel Johnson 30 May 2018
Categories Advertising, B2B, B2C, Content, Customer Experience, Data & Analytics, Innovation & Trends, Social Media, Strategy & Operations, Technology
Why there's more to the BIMA Awards than pure digital
Enter this year's BIMA Advance Awards for Talent and Inclusion & Diversity and get 20% off with Digital Doughnut.
When this year's BIMA Awards ceremony takes place on 13 September we'll be celebrating the best of British digital. But that doesn't mean we'll be confining ourselves purely to creative designers, data wranglers, emerging technology specialists and digital transformers.
They'll all be present, of course, and we're seeing some amazing entries in these technical categories. But we believe the digital sector should be setting the standard in more than a technical sense.
Ours is a wonderfully diverse industry. It's also one of those rare spaces in which people from any background, and with little or no digital grounding, can study hard, work harder and forge the sort of career that changes lives - as the career of one of this year's BIMA Hall of Fame inductees, Dr Sue Black, demonstrates.
That's why we believe it matters that the BIMA Awards should also celebrate the people and businesses doing more to foster diversity and inclusivity. And it's why we believe we should also recognise the organisations that are investing in growing their talent pool, or finding imaginative ways to retain that talent.
If you have your own story to tell about this, then we want to hear it. The BIMA Advance Awards for Talent and Inclusion & Diversity are still open (just) and you've still got time to enter.
Our Advance Awards will be judged by experts from Innovateher, Utopia, Brands with Values, R/GA, People of Creativity and more, and as a Digital Doughnut member you can quote BIMAAWARDSDD to get 20% off.
Find full category details here, and remember the final, final deadline for Advance Awards entries is 1 June. If you have any questions please get in touch rachel@bima.co.uk.
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text:
Pages 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 14581 result(s) returned
4.11 Critiquing gender essentialism
Activity 19
Look again at what Tannen and Gray say about men's and women's communicative behaviour. Then review the description of essentialism and the social con
4.6 Gender and power in the workplace
If you are, or have been, employed in a health and social care service, think about the ways in which gendered power 'works' in that setting. If y
4.5 Gender and power
Feminist writers have documented the ways in which inequalities based on gender are reflected and reproduced in health and social care services. Although the majority of workers in care services are women, men are over-represented in management and in positions of authority, and male-dominated professions, such as medicine, tend to exert more power than those, such as nursing, in which women are the majority. For example, whereas women make up 75% of the workforce in the NHS (Doyal, 1999), th
2.6 Reflecting on identity
How would you describe your identity or identities? What kind of words would you use to describe yourself in terms of:
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4 Care
'Care' is a word which summons up positive and highly moral meanings for many people. It has associations with giving, sacrifice and feelings of empathy. However, Activity 1 suggests that things are not perhaps quite so straightforward. One way of understanding how and why there may be contrasting ideas of what care means is suggested by Joan Tronto, a social scientist. She has pointed out how care is both 'universal' and 'particular'. She argues that caring is an activity which e
1 Crossing boundaries: a case study
A number of situations put a strain on the idea that caring is just an extension of 'being ordinary'. These include times when people are giving intimate care. Since the normal rules do not apply in these circumstances, we have to develop a set of special rules to guide practice, thinking very carefully about the core question: 'How can boundaries be respected in situations where intimate care is being given?''
This question will be explored through a fictional case study set in a res
1.2.1 The Beveridge report
The architect of much of this reform in the field of social welfare was William Beveridge. His report entitled 'Social Insurance and Allied Services' was compiled as the war was at its height (Beveridge, 1942). In it Beveridge set out a plan to put an end to what he called the 'five giants' – Want (today we would call it poverty), Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness (unemployment). The centrepiece was a state-run system of compulsory insurance. Every worker, by contribut
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1.4.10 Unfinished business
When people die suddenly we can never be sure that they have done and said what they want and are able to do. Meg's long term-illness gave her a lot of time for reflection and preparation, so that while her death was sudden and she was unable to see her younger son, she also had the opportunity for conversations with people about her death. However, there may have been last-minute wishes that Meg was unable to express.
Li's sudden stroke may have left her with things unsaid, but her
1.3.9 Other common features
In addition to these very common features there are in many accounts further distinctive elements. A sense of entering into or being met by light and/or an area of great beauty has been expressed in a significant number of accounts. Here are just two illustrations:
I was just in a wonderful peace and wellness in a beautiful landscape setting of grass, lawns and trees and brilliant light.
(Fenwick and Fenwick,
In our society we tend to expect not to have to face the likelihood of death until our 70s at least, but one group of people who are having to face the prospect of death at a relatively young age are those diagnosed as HIV-positive. Controversy surrounds the issue of whether those at risk of contracting the virus should have the blood test which might give them that death sentence. At the time of writing there is no clear evidence that any treatment can improve the prognosis, even if taken at
1.2.5 Together Forever
At the opposite end of the spectrum stand Paul and Gemma Massey, the British co-ordinators of Together Forever, an affiliation of the Flame Foundation, a group of self-proclaimed physically immortal people in Arizona. The Foundation began some 30 years ago after an Evangelical minister, Charles Paul Brown, claimed to have had a 'cellular awakening' in which Christ told him that physical immortality was the true Christian message.
The group claims to have about 2,000 members world-wi
1.1 Living with death and dying
Knowledge and beliefs about death can have a profound effect both on the way people live and the way they approach their own death. In this Unit we look in depth at these issues. There are three sections.
The first section addresses the effects that the knowledge that we die has on our lives. Here we explore how the beliefs people hold about death affect the meaning they attach to life. We try to imagine what life would be like if it did not end in death. Given that we do die, we examin
1.2 Where can you find life stories?
Life stories are everywhere. In adverts, magazines, music, sport, politics, chat shows, the messages we get are personalised through interviews and stories which tell us about quite intimate details of people's lives, feelings, emotions and even what feel like secrets. Autobiography and personal accounts have also become increasingly common means of revealing different versions of the past, with television and radio programmes focusing on 'ordinary' life events or the stories of 'ordina
2 A day in the life of a hospital ward
In 1996, we visited Ward 29, one of two gastroenterology wards in the medical unit, and recorded the views of patients and staff. The ward has 24 beds. Its patients were women and men, across a wide age range, suffering from digestive disorders – for example, stomach ulcers, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, cancers of the digestive system or problems with liver function brought on by alcohol abuse. Because it was winter the ward had more elderly people than it would have at other times
1.5.1 Agreeing who to be
So far I have focused on one-to-one interactions. Yet 'defining a scene' is often a group effort. Goffman says this involves teamwork, with all participants, in effect, agreeing to act and speak within an overall frame of reference. He suggests that it works like a theatrical play in which everyone has taken on a part within the scene. To play your part means setting aside all those aspects of yourself which are not relevant to your role. The scene works only because everyone plays their
6.3 The role of oxygen in sports performance
The body uses oxygen in a chemical process that produces fuel for the muscles. You might think that the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body is vitally important for all athletes. However, you might be surprised to hear that although this process is important in many sports, it doesn't matter very much at all in quite a few. The reason for this is fairly straightforward: the transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body takes time. In events that don't
6.2 The body, the lungs and oxygen
The figure shows a simple image of how the lungs absorb oxygen from the air.
Figure 11 Air and blood flow
Air contains several differ
We have learnt that part of the reason the heart pumps blood around is to make sure that the body gets a fresh supply of oxygen. So in the same way that our hearts need to keep beating, we need to keep breathing oxygen into our lungs to survive. But what is the function of oxygen? Why does our body need oxygen, and what does it do with it once we have breathed it in? These are some of the questions that we will examine in first part of this section.
In the second part of this section, w
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History of Asheville's River Arts District
The French Broad River is an ancient river (the 3rd oldest in America and 5th in the world), which winds through Asheville as it runs north to Tennessee. In the 1880s, the Norfolk Southern railroad was responsible for the huge population increase in Asheville. It chugs along right beside the river, making the banks a perfect place for heavy industrial buildings that needed national distribution for their products. In the historic flood of 1916, the waters rose above the riverbanks. This flood devastated the railroad and left many buildings abandoned due to water damage.
Later, in the 1970s, as downtown Asheville began its renaissance, businessman Bill Goacher and his wife acquired a number of properties as an investment in what is now called the River Arts District. He rented many spaces at very affordable rates to the displaced artists from downtown. Over time, as artists proved themselves to be good stewards of a building and showed interest in ownership, Bill selectively sold the property, setting >an example which lives on today.
In the mid-80s, the first arts-based business, Highwater Clays, moved from Biltmore Village to what is now the home of Gennett Lumber, on Lyman St. In 1987 Porge & Peter Buck purchased a building with the intent of creating studios, and named it Warehouse Studios. In a 1988 Asheville Citizen-Times interview, Porge, a printmaker, spoke of her artists and herself as "the river avant garde" entrepreneurs.
Other early pioneers include Steve Keull, who purchased 375 Depot in 1987 for his photography business. It was the former Armor Meat Packing Plant built in 1910. Pattiy Torno purchased what is now Curve Studio & Gardens in 1989. The buildings were originally the Standard Oil Co., built in 1916. In 1990, Helaine Green and her sister Trudy Gould rented what is now Riverview Station, built in 1902 as the Hans-Rees Tannery. They purchased it in 1996. Brian and Gail McCarthy purchased Clingman Ave. Complex in 1995, now home to Odyssey Center and Ultra Coffee. Sculptor John Payne purchased the Wedge, built in 1916 as the Farmer's Federated Ag Co-op, from Bill Goacher in February of 2002. He was instrumental in carrying on the legacy of renting affordable space to artists, and was a mentor to many current artists in the RAD today. Cotton Mill Studios was built in 1887 as the Cotton Mill Corporation, purchased in 2003 by ceramic artists Marty and Eileen Black.
The very first studio stroll was in 1994, when the few artists in the district opened their doors to the public. It has since become the largest annual RAD event, where over 200 artists open for the second full weekend in November.
Since its early beginning the River Arts District has grown rapidly every year, experiencing a huge burst around 2005. Continuing the tradition, many of the buildings have been purchased by artists, who in turn convert the space to working studios and co-op spaces. Here are a few more highlights:
Riverside Studios: Appears on an 1891 map as a general store. Built in 1940. Restored after the big flood of 2004 by sculptor Jim Richbourg as artist and sculpture studios.
The Hatchery: Built in 1955. Originally part of the Earle- Chesterfield Mill Company, which occupied multiple mill and silo buildings adjacent to the Hatchery, the earliest of which dated from 1905. Repurposed in 2011 for artists, potters and a restaurant.
Phil Mechanic Studios: Built in 1920 as a cold storage warehouse. Repurposed in 1998 by the
Mechanic family for artist studios and art galleries.
Pink Dog Creative: Built in the 1920s as a textile warehouse. Repurposed in 2010 for artist studios, restaurants and retail stores.
362 Depot Street: Built in the early 1900s as the General Store and Meat Processing Plant for the railroad employees
NorthLight Studios: Built in 1904 as a tannery curing facility. Repurposed in 2011 by local artist Wendy Whitson for artist studios.
The Lift Studios: Built in 1907 as the National Biscuit Company. Repurposed by local artist Daniel McClendon for artist studio/gallery.
Eco-Depot Marketplace: Part of the Glen Rock Hotel, built in the late 1800s
The Old Wood Company: Built in 1958 as a storage warehouse
Warehouse Studios: Built in 1901. Originally Williams Feed Company. Repurposed in 1987 for artist studios. Purchased in 1992 by RiverLink for offices downstairs and artist studios upstairs.
CURVE Studios & Garden: Built in 1916. Originally a distribution center for Standard Oil Co. Repurposed three buildings for artist studios and public garden
Cotton Mill Studios Built in 1887. Originally The Cotton Mill Corporation produced denim and flannel. Repurposed in 2002 for artist studios.
95 Roberts Street: Built in 1925. Originally a Concrete Block Manufacturing Plant. Repurposed for studios with a changing future.
Wedge Studios: Built in 1916. Originally the Farmer's Federated Ag Co-op. Repurposed in 2002 by legendary sculptor, John Payne for artist studios.
Roberts Street Studios: Repurposed in 1994 for art studios with glass blowing fires.
The Odyssey Center: Opened in 1994 with offices, classroom and studio and gallery spaces for potters.
Jonas Gerard Fine Art Studio: Opened in 2007 with corporate office, gallery and live art demonstration space.
Riverview Station: Built in 1900. Originally the Hans-Rees Tannery. Repurposed in 1996 for artists, potters, an antique store, a printer, art galleries, adult art classes, a public middle school and a dog training facility.
Desert Moon Design Studios & Gallery: Housed in one of the new constructions in the River Arts District. It became a "green" mixed use building opening in 2011 and includes businesses and artists.
375 Depot Street: Built in 1901. Originally the Armour Packing Co. Repurposed in 1987 for photography studio by local photographer Steve Keull and again in 2004 for artist studios, a gallery and theatre.
Today the RAD is undergoing improvements envisioned by community leaders, artists, residents, and business partners to create a vibrant, long-term urban plan recognizing the French Broad River as one of Asheville's great treasures.
– Information compiled by Wendy Whitson