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pickersparadise.org
48 Years of Entertainers
48 Years of Winners
Prairie Rose Wranglers
Years at Winfield:
2003 - The Prairie Rose Wranglers, formed in 1999 to entertain at the Prairie Rose Chuckwagon Supper, offer the best in cowboy entertainment. They perform Western Music of the silver-screen era, and their tight harmonies and sidesplitting humor make for a show that the whole family will enjoy . . . good clean entertainment, the way it should be . . . the Cowboy Way!
"Ultra Slim" Orin Friesen grew up riding horses on a Nebraska farm where he fell in love with the cowboy songs of Gene Autry, Roy Rogers and the sons of the Pioneers. Since 1977, his voice has been heard on one of America's premier country music radio stations, KFDI in Wichita, KS. He's been named "Broadcaster of the Year" by IBMA and "Western DJ of the Year" by the Academy of Western Artists. Orin was recently inducted into America's Old Time Country Music Hall of Fame. He's played in bands over 30 years and performed on the Nashville Network, in concerts and at festivals. As a boy, "Cyclone" Stu Stuart worked around a lot of cowboys, helping with the chores. His love of western music was passed down to him from his grandfather, Hal O'Halloran. Stu began his musical career in Wichita, KS in 1966. He has performed as a singer, guitarist, and fiddler all over the US and Canada with greats like Conway Twitty, Patsy Montana, Merle Haggard and more. Stu enjoys singing the 'ol cowboy classics as well as many of his own songs. "Tennessee" Jim Farrell joined the Wranglers late in the summer of 1999. His voice and guitar have graced hundreds of recordings. Jim has performed several times on the Grand Ole Opry, and produced several albums at the famous Homeplace Studios in Nashville. He now arranges the harmonies for the Prairie Rose Wranglers.
The Prairie Rose Wranglers just recently performed at Carnegie Hall in NYC for an evening of cowboy entertainment. It was the first cowboy gathering in the 112-year history of Carnegie Hall.
Other Walnut Valley artists:
Diamond W Wranglers
pickersparadise.org - A community history page for the Walnut Valley Festival.
Visit www.wvfest.com for up-to-date information about this year's festival. See you in September!


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Q: Ref undefined in ReactJs When I try to use slider ref inside functionB I'm getting ref undefined error.What am i doing wrong here?
class somecomp extends Component {

 constructor(props){
   super(props);
   this.slider = React.createRef;
 }

 componentDidMount(){
   this.functionA();
 }

 functionA = () => {
   functionB();
 }

 functionB = () => {
   // When i call slider ref here im getting ref undefined
 }

 render() {
   return (

 (this.slider = slider)}>

   );
 }
}

export default somecomp;

A: I assume the root of your problem here
this.slider = React.createRef

You are not create ref you pass function which creates ref to slider
Try to use it in such way
this.slider = React.createRef();

Also this

 (this.slider = slider)}>

Might be simplified to this

Also do not forget to user current property of ref
In your situation it will be
const node = this.slider.current;

A: Few problems you've in your code that should be corrected https://codesandbox.io/s/determined-lamport-gfv9j
class somecomp extends Component {

 constructor(props){
   super(props);
   this.slider = React.createRef; // use React.createRef() at here
 }

 componentDidMount(){
   this.functionA();
 }

 functionA = () => {
   functionB(); // use this.functionB() at here
 }

 functionB = () => {
    console.log("this.slider", this.slider);
   // When i call slider ref here im getting ref undefined
 }

 render() {
   return (

 (this.slider = slider)}>

   );
 }
}

export default somecomp;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


To celebrate and announce the upcoming launch of the Converse Paint The Town RED campaign, Dutch artist Parra created a short video teaser. This is a follow up of Parra's successful project with Converse and LeLe from last year. Stay tuned for more information that is forthcoming about the project.


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ASEAN Europe South Asia World
Five Cambodian opposition parties demand political reform, greater freedoms
Representatives from five Cambodian opposition parties, including the main opposition Candlelight Party, met on Wednesday to demand electoral reforms and greater political freedom, but were unable to reach a deal on forming a political alliance, one of the party leaders told RFA.
The Candlelight Party took about 19 percent of the country's 11,622 local council seats in last month's commune elections, but is outnumbered on the councils by Hun Sen's ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP) by about five to one.
Prior to the election, the Candlelight Party candidates reported harassment and intimidation by members of the CPP and its supporters, including government officials. On Wednesday, Candlelight joined the Grassroots Democratic Party, the Cambodian Reform Party, the Khmer Will Party and the Kampucheanimym Party to issue eight joint statements demanding free and fair elections and the right to compete on equal ground with the ruling party.
The statements will be submitted to the Cambodian government and the National Election Commission (NEC), Yang Saing Koma, the Grassroots Democratic Party's founder, told RFA's Khmer Service.
The next step, he said, was for the parties to iron out the details on establishing an alliance.
"The Grassroots Democratic Party has coordinated our efforts and built upon what we have previously accomplished to show that the Khmer political parties, even though we are separate, can cooperate to work toward a common goal," Yang Saing Koma said.
The five parties are studying their past experiences to create a new framework for their alliance, he said. Two scenarios are under discussion. The first would merge all of the parties into a single party and the second would keep the parties separate, but alliance candidates would not compete against each other for the same seat, he said.
The five parties will hold a joint press conference on July 11 to release their statements and announce their goals.
RFA was unable to reach NEC spokesman Hang Puthea and government spokesman Phay Siphan for comment.
Kong Monika, president of the Khmer Will Party, told RFA his party advocates a merger before next year's general elections, when Cambodians will choose members of the 125-seat National Assembly.
The Candlelight Party's vice president, Thach Setha, said Candlelight's focus is on working with the other four parties to push for greater freedom and to improve the electoral process. Candlelight has not internally discussed an alliance with the others.
Merging into a singular party has been tried before with moderate success, said Ros Sothea, director of the Cambodian Human Rights Action Committee, a local alliance NGOs.
During the 2013 election, the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) was able to take 55 seats in the assembly, while the CPP took 68. The CNRP was an alliance between the Kem Sokha-led Human Rights Party and the Sam Rainsy Party, named after its leader who went into self-imposed exile in France in 2015 after he was accused of crimes that his supporters say are politically motivated and groundless.
Hun Sen had Cambodia's Supreme Court dissolve the CNRP in 2017 after it performed well in that year's commune council elections. The move allowed the CPP to take all 125 of the assembly seats in 2018's general election.
The dissolution began a five-year crackdown on the opposition that made political activities under the CNRP banner illegal and forced many former CNRP members into exile. Many of those who stayed were later imprisoned.
The Sam Rainsy Party was technically a separate entity from the CNRP and not affected by the 2017 Supreme Court ruling. It rebranded itself as the Candlelight Party, and many former CNRP members have joined Candlelight, which after this year's commune elections is firmly established as the main opposition party.
"To me, if the parties can combine forces to get free and fair competition, it would be better because of Cambodia's electoral system," Ros Sothea said.
The four smaller parties that participated in Wednesday's meeting won a combined seven seats in this year's commune council elections. The Grassroots Democratic Party won six seats, and the Kampucheanimym Party won one. The other two parties did not win a single seat but had a higher number of total votes for their candidates than the Kampucheanimym Party.
Four other smaller parties that did not participate in Wednesday's discussion also won seats in this year's commune elections.
Translated by Samean Yun. Written in English by Eugene Whong.
'Diplomatic drama' possible over Russian attendance at G20 meeting in Bali
India shuts Myanmar border as anger over pro-junta militia killings rises

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Receiving an email informing me that one of my poems was chosen as a finalist in my library's local competition was pleasantly surprising.
Being asked to read it aloud at a ceremony with the other finalists and honorable mentions was exciting.
Realizing I had overwritten my submission was embarrassing (thanks for saving me Melissa!).
Reading said poem was nerve wracking.
Feeling a strong uplifting sense of community with writers, poets and appreciative listeners was exhilarating.
Thank you Diane Tuccillo, Melissa Beavers, Michael Liggett, Jordan Triplett, The Friends of the Poudre River Public Library, and all the judges for making this event possible.
And for the good feeling I will carry with me, always.
Go ahead and click on the photo for a better view of the sidewalk bouquet.
Opening: It was early summer in Montgomery, Alabama, 1939. On downtown Monroe Avenue, an elderly man sat on a wooden crate. With a board laid across his lap and the stub of a pencil grasped in his hand, he began to draw a picture on the back of a discarded laundry soap box.
Summary: A biography of twentieth-cenury African American folk artist Bill Traylor, a former slave who at the age of eighty-five began to draw pictures based on his memories and observations of rural and urban life in Alabama.
Why I like this book: This is a beautifully written story of a very poor man whose light certainly shined within (Traylor is now considered to be one of the most important self-taught folk artists). Here another excerpt: 'Rectangles became bodies; circles became heads and eyes; lines became outstretched arms, hands, and legs. He filled in shapes with sketchy lines and smoothed out edges.' In researching this post I was surprised to find out that Tate is better known as an illustrator. I was so taken by the story that I asked, and found out, that there will (hopefully) soon be a site where we can view Traylor's original work.
Resources/Activities: Check out the teacher's guide on Don Tate's website, by Debbie Gonzales.
Age Level: the Italian website where I nabbed the cover photo says 0-5; I like their way of thinking.
Summary: Yes, the book walks us from Aa to Zz, and ampersand, but this is a classic nursery rhyme from the 1660's (!) reintroduced with playful creatures by Delessert.
Why I like this book: The classic text is so much fun, I'm kind of glad I didn't already know it: 'Dd dealt it, Ee ate it…Tt took it, Uu upset it'. But for me it's the the illustrations: bright, cheerful, playful and light as a feather. If you are not familiar with Delessert's books, I must take pity on you. Click on his name, above, to go to the gallery on his website. This self-taught Swiss artist, now living in the US, speaks the visual language of picture books, and has received numerous awards, but who cares about awards – just check out one of his books. You have more than eighty to choose from!
Resources/Activities: make personalized alphabet books, using the children's own illustrations or collaged from magazines; I found a fun marching game, which is a lot like a 'Pie Walk', and many other alphabet related activities at A to Z Teaching Stuff HERE.
For more PPBF picks go to Susanna Hill's blog – any day!
Opening: Bill Bixbee was rather surprised when he woke up one morning and found a dragon in his room. It was a small dragon, about the size of a kitten.
Summary: Bill Bixbee's mother won't admit that dragons exist until it's nearly too late.
Why I like this book: I am quoting directly from goodreads because it phrases what I want to say so perfectly: "Charming text and playful illustrations show that a little attention can make a big difference, no matter what size the problem." I love finding a book that has endured. The writing is still fresh, and the illustrations crisp, to the point, and loaded with humor. Unfortunately, I sometimes find superbly skilled renderings that don't add to the story – they only show what I've already read – but certainly NOT HERE! And the man has made over 40 books for me to delight in discovering.
Resources/Activities: Imagination and dragons? Make puppets, of course! I liked the Australian accents on the following video, and thought you can add anything you want to his simple demonstration, with a bit of glue or needle and thread. I tend to make puppets with socks because of the large collection of singles that have accumulated in a family of four over the years. But I'd reach for a paper bag, some crayons and a box of saved thingamabobs next!
I'm off to the mountains for the weekend, so I'll get to your comments next week.


Well located commercial space that would make a great mechanic's shop, or thrift store, just to name a few. Large roll up door and separate office.
One bedroom, one bath apartment with large living room, full sized kitchen appliances, easy access to laundry facility. Utilities included.
High visibility location for new business venture, or satellite office for existing business. Lots of parking.


Please fill out the form below and let us know if you would like the Free Wild Dunes Community Map and/or any floor plan(s) for Wild Dunes resort community condos, town homes and cottages. Our Wild Dunes Community map is about 6.3MB, and individual floor plans run from 350KB to about 870KB.
Yes! I want the Wild Dunes Community Map!


When the usual muscle and joint pains that you feel have become regular and intense that it has limited your movements, it may already be a serious illness. Inflammation is the major cause of pain. And if it is not treated properly, it may progress in to chronic inflammation. Nopalea is a wellness drink that is sourced from the fruit of the Nopal cactus. It has been relied upon for centuries for its healing properties. The Nopal cactus is rich with a rare and potent antioxidant called Betalains. This antioxidant has been scientifically proven to help reduce inflammation in the body. This same antioxidant can now be found in every 32-ounce bottle of Nopalea. With a regular consumption of Nopalea, your body will not only reduce the inflammation but will also be able to get rid of daily toxins. This tasty wellness drink is manufactured by Trivita, a 12-year old company that helps people pursue the ideal physical, emotional and spiritual health. Over 3 million bottles of Nopalea have been sold already and many have benefited from this wellness drink. You can try Nopalea for free (only pay $9.95 for shipping) and experience the many health benefits it offers by calling 1-800-203-7063.


The South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), in partnership with the African Academy of Sciences and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is pleased to invite proposals for a new Grand Challenge: New Approaches to Characterize the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance. The grants will be issued and administered under the banners of Grand Challenges South Africa and Grand Challenges Africa.
Grand Challenges South Africa will provide innovation seed (up to R1,500,000/ $100,000) and full grants (up to R3,500,000/ $250,000) to South African investigators based in South African institutions. Grand Challenges Africa will provide innovation seed grants to all African investigators based in eligible African institutions.
The funders are inviting proposals from African innovators focusing on the ambitious but achievable goals of accelerating knowledge generation, developing and deploying interventions and innovations that will improve awareness of antimicrobial resistance, strengthen knowledge through surveillance and research, reduce infection incidence, optimise the use of antimicrobial agents, and develop the economic case for sustainable investment as well as defining the role of ecosystems, particularly the evolution of a microbial system shared by humans, animals, and other biological organisms, which will be critical to tackle current and future AMR challenges.
All applicants must submit their applications through the African Academy of Sciences Ishango Grants Management System. The SAMRC will contract and provide awards directly to successful South African Principal Investigator's institutions. For collaborative projects, the South African Principal Investigator's institution will subcontract with any co-Principal Investigators' institution(s) to facilitate funds transfer.


text:
Austerity Drives Spain to Adultery
Head to Cajun Country Where Local Culture Rules Proudly
Newsweek Magazine
Syriza Sits on Gold Mine as Repayment Date Approaches
By Luke Hurst On 04/23/15 at 5:22 AM EDT
Demonstrators opposed to the mining project and police clashed in April in Athens. Aris Messinis/Getty
WorldGreece Syriza Athens Yanis Varoufakis
A gold mine is at the centre of a fierce row in Greece between the Left-wing Syriza government and a Canadian mining company that has thrust simmering local tensions onto the national stage.
A battle between the energy and environment minister, Panagiotis Lafazanis, who hails from the ultra-Left faction of Syriza, and Hellas Gold which operates the Skouries mine in Halkidiki, has escalated after the government revoked a licence for the construction of an ore-grinding facility. The move is likely to cost jobs and lead to the government losing out on valuable export revenue.
Expanding the mining projects could be lucrative for a country in desperate need of funds. In total the mines in Halkidiki hold around eight million ounces of gold as well as significant amounts of other metals, which would make Greece around €500m per year in export revenues by 2017, according to Eldorado Gold, the Canadian parent company of Hellas Gold.
Eldorado has already invested around €400m n Halkidiki since 2012, employing around 2,000 people, with plans to invest an extra €700m and hire 1,000 more employees by 2020. Unemployment in Greece currently runs at 26%, the highest of any EU country.
But Lafazanis says the environmental studies the mining permits were based upon will be reassessed. Other Syriza politicians, including local MP Katerina Igglezi, also oppose the mine, citing environmental concerns and the negative impact the industry could have on tourism in Halkidiki. Around 4,000 miners and supporters marched on Athens to protest against the decision to revoke the licence, but Lafazanis suggested Eldorado was behind the demonstration, accusing the company of trying to blackmail the Greek government. The row is indicative of the tension between Syriza's ideals and the pressure to raise revenue to pay off its international creditors. Greece is due to pay a €200m bailout instalment to the IMF on 1 May ahead of a further €750m payment on 12 May.
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The company plan on beginning extraction next year, and the ore-grinding facility is needed as part of this production process.
Anti-mining activists say the dispute is tearing the area's local towns apart as people clash over job opportunities and investment on one side, and the mining's impact on the environment and the tourism industry on the other. Fifty-five people connected to anti-mining protests are still facing charges following a spate of arrests in 2013.
Dimitrios Katsikas from the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy, a think tank, says that the decision to rescind the licences was politically motivated. "It's something they said they wanted to do before, and they just fulfilled their pre-election campaign despite the fact that it sends a negative message in terms of investment in Greece, and of course it has a negative effect on the people in the area in terms of employment."
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text:
As a pioneer in the aquaculture industry,
INVE has always been about enabling growth
Growth stories
Women in aquaculture: Morine Mukami
Live feed Nutrition
More from this series: Women in aquaculture
by Bonnie Waycott
12 February 2018, at 7:00am
Morine Mukami, a research scientist at the aquaculture department of the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute in Mombasa, outlines the importance of Artemia as a live feed for larviculture.
Kenya has seen significant aquaculture growth and development over the years, but one of the constraints faced by Kenyan farmers is a low survival rate among fry, due to the low-quality, or lack, of live feeds. This has led to an increasing demand for valuable sources such as Artemia (brine shrimp) biomass and cysts (the shrimps' dormant eggs). Artemia are particularly convenient as their cysts can be stored in airtight cans for many years and hatched 24 hours prior to feeding.
Morine Mukami, is a Kenya-based Artemia production expert
Studies in the 1980s found that Artemia can survive – and be cultivated – in the Kenyan environment. In 2010, living standards and food security in many rural communities began to improve thanks to Artemia production in salt ponds (this genus of shrimp is known for its ability to survive in high levels of salinity). For Kenya's large-scale salt-mining industry, the production of Artemia is often seen as an unimportant sideline – but as more hatcheries for marine species start to be established in Kenya, the production of Artemia biomass and cysts is expected to be crucial in optimising the local development of the larviculture of a number of shrimp, crab and fish species.
Despite this, fish farmers and hatchery owners continue to import Artemia cysts at a high cost, due to a lack of awareness that the eggs can be produced in Kenya, and a lack of processing equipment required to clean the harvested cysts. Morine Mukami, a research scientist at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), is studying Artemia production in salt ponds to highlight the benefits of Artemia produced in Kenya and encourage farmers to purchase more economical alternatives to imported feed.
Briefly describe your aquaculture career
I've worked in aquaculture since graduating with a BSc in Fisheries in 2005. During my career I've worked on aquaculture feeds and the production of freshwater seed including tilapia, catfish and ornamental fish. Today, I'm a research scientist at the mariculture department of the KMFRI in Mombasa. I specialise in Artemia pond culture in solar salt ponds in the Magarini area of the Kenyan salt belt.
What inspired you to start in aquaculture?
When I finished high school, I took a certificate course in banking and finance while waiting to enrol at university. In Kenya it's not unusual to wait almost two years until enrolment, so the course came in handy. Since I was good at mathematics at school, I really enjoyed it. During that period, I was invited to take a BSc in Fisheries at Moi University. The course was hardly known, not only in my village but also in Nairobi where I was studying banking and finance.
Morine with PhD supervisors Prof Gilbert van Stappen (centre) and Dr Betty Nyonje (second from right)
It wasn't popular and a lot of my classmates pulled out. I tried twice to change courses but couldn't. It was then that I felt I was destined to work in aquaculture. During my third year, I had a placement at a fish farm and that's when I became interested in my subject and felt I had finally found a direction in my career. I then took an MSc in Environmental Information Systems at Moi University and a PhD in Applied Biological Sciences at Ghent University in Belgium.
Describe a typical day in your current role
My day starts at 7.45am. I read my emails, reply and proceed to the laboratory if I have any experiments. If not, I write papers and read widely about Artemia. I'm in the middle of my PhD so I have a lot of experiments, analyses and writing to do. I also respond to proposal calls with colleagues and other interested parties, and have performance targets to complete in a financial year. This year my target is to produce an Artemia manual, train commercial salt farmers in better management practices while culturing Artemia in their farms and characterise Kenyan Artemia. In other words, compare it with Artemia produced in other regions.
For example, I measure the cyst and nauplii [early shrimp larvae] sizes at different life stages and analyse their DNA, fatty acids etc. I also attend work meetings and keep in touch with Artemia farmers by conducting training and visiting the salt ponds. My meetings involve setting performance targets for the aquaculture department, or procurement if we are purchasing equipment. I'm also a member of a committee that is planning to set up a museum at KMFRI. I represent the aquaculture department.
What's the most interesting, inspirational experience you've had working in aquaculture to date?
My work allows people to obtain paid employment, which changes their lives for the better. That inspires me a lot. Kenya's high unemployment rate has led to a lot of insecurity as a result of young people with nothing to do. Getting them to work in aquaculture stops them from becoming involved in crime. Women I work with have reached certain financial targets to buy cattle, land or pay their children's school fees. In short, whenever somebody's life gets better because of what I do, I'm inspired to work harder.
What's the most unusual experience you've had in aquaculture?
During a visit to Vietnam, I found that, compared to Kenya, aquaculture in small farms is very advanced. The farmers have very successful co-operatives.
Working in the laboratories of the Artemia Reference Centre in Belgium with sophisticated equipment was an experience of its own too. I remember when setting up an experiment I told the technician that if power went off I'd have to start all over again, and he said they don't experience blackouts. I found that very unusual. Blackouts are so common in Kenya, so to say that I was mesmerised is an understatement. I have never experienced such efficient services.
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How important are sustainability concerns to you and how do you address them in your work?
Sustainability is key whenever I'm working on a project. If a project cannot sustain itself it will be a burden to those running it. Before I commit to something, I conduct a feasibility study and involve the community in planning from the outset so they can own the process. In this way I can assess and predict whether the project will be sustainable.
Morine, presenting research results at a conference in Tanzania
What new technical or product innovation do you think has the most potential to change aquaculture?
In my country and the coastal region where I work, Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus] has recently been acclimatised to grow in marine waters, through an experimental study by Dr Mirera, a scientist in my department. So far the results have been very promising. If things remain as they are, there will be great potential to change the outlook of aquaculture along the coast of Kenya and possibly adapt it in other areas close to marine waters.
Are there any individuals or organisations in aquaculture who you've found particularly inspirational?
Dr Betty Nyonje, my previous boss and PhD supervisor, has been my mentor in the Artemia field and I'm amazed by her resilience when dealing with aquaculture issues. She's always confident that she will succeed, even when the road ahead seems unclear. My BSc lecturers, Professor Charles C Ngugi and Mr Enos Macwere, have also played a great role in my career. Prof Ngugi was one of my MSc supervisors. Both have now left academia and established very successful fish farms. They are always ready to assist whenever I'm stuck. Mr Mcwere was a huge inspiration, always telling us how proud he was to be referred to as a fish farmer, not just an academic.
Have you faced any particular challenges as a woman in aquaculture?
Definitely. When the time came to have a family, I realised how challenging it was being a woman in this field. On many occasions, I've had to take my nanny and babies with me during fieldwork. It's hard trying to balance family life and a job. Sometimes I've had to work late into the night. It takes an understanding husband to succeed with that! The aquaculture field here is still extremely male-dominated and women need to work extra hard, knowing that they shoulder more responsibilities, like family and child rearing, compared to men.
Training university students in how to culture artemia
Some men in the salt farming community haven't wanted me to run projects in their area either, possibly because I'm female. It took one of my male colleagues to convince them that we were there for their own good. Today, however, we are great friends because they can see clearly how my work has improved their lives.
How are women addressing inequalities in aquaculture in your region, and have you seen the opportunities improve in recent years?
Not so much. In my region, very few women work in aquaculture. This is a huge disadvantage when it comes to addressing inequality issues in a very male-dominated field. There are also less women in aquaculture with leadership positions, where their voices can be heard while setting policies for aquaculture.
What advice would you give to women looking to start a career in the aquaculture sector?
Aquaculture is an interesting sector to work in, but it requires a lot of passion for what you do and plenty of perseverance since it has its own unique challenges which are different for different people at different places and times.
What would be your dream role in aquaculture and do you think it's realistic to achieve?
To flood the world market with Artemia produced in Kenya! Yes, I believe it's achievable if everyone involved works to make it successful.
What has been the aquaculture industry's greatest accomplishment in recent years?
An investment by the Kenyan government to increase aquaculture production through the Economic Stimulus Programme in 2012. It gave the economy, and aquaculture, a really huge boost. The emergence of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and aquaponics are also significant as they make it possible to undertake aquaculture with minimal resources and better environmental management.
Experiencing pond culture of Artemia in Vietnam
What outstanding challenge would you most like to solve?
Here, the commercial salt farmers in whose farms Artemia grows have very little interest in Artemia. If they were a bit more interested, Artemia production would be high. They have a lot of land to boost its production.
Why are these farmers not interested and what is the key to changing their minds?
They're not interested because salt production earns them a lot more than Artemia production. They want Artemia in their farms to clean their salt, but aren't ready to collect the cysts because it's a tedious process. Some have even asked us to do it for them for free. The farmers make billions from salt farming compared to the thousands they would make from Artemia. Training a few staff from the farms, creating a market for their Artemia cysts and branding the Artemia produced from those farms, with a mention of the farms in question, could make them more interested. Developing public-private partnerships with the above issues included could also be a starting point.
Bonnie Waycott
Bonnie Waycott is a freelance writer specialising in Japan's aquaculture. She is currently taking the distance learning MSc in Sustainable Aquaculture with the University of St Andrews.
More in this series: Women in aquaculture
Female trout and oyster farmers star in seafood film prize
Female oyster farmers in India and trout farmers in Peru won two of the top three prizes awarded in this year's Women in the Seafood Industry (WSI) film competition.
Taking action on behalf of women in aquaculture
In order to follow up on the interest generated by our Women in Aquaculture series with some proactive steps towards encouraging women to realise their potential in the sector, in March The Fish Site established a pilot …
Women in Aquaculture: Sam Macdonald
As The Fish Site builds up to the launch of a Women in Aquaculture print publication at Aqua Nor and a seminar on the same theme at AE2019, we are adding several new interviews. Here Sam Macdonald, president of Deep Trek…
Women in aquaculture: Professor Selina Stead
Professor Selina Stead, who was appointed director of Stirling's Institute of Aquaculture at the beginning of March, discusses why it's a great time to be involved in aquaculture – regardless of your gender.
AE2019 welcomes Women in Aquaculture event
A seminar looking at ways to ensure greater gender diversity at all levels of the aquaculture sector is scheduled to take place in Berlin on 9 October, as part of this year's Aquaculture Europe (AE2019) conference.
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Nutrition: The first life stages are essential for future growth and performance
For over 30 years INVE has been enabling growth in aquaculture, via the healthy growth of fish and shrimp, the growth of our clients' local businesses and the growth of global aquaculture.
A new report by WWF cites the Global Salmon Initiative as a glowing example of how a sector can improve its sustainability and profitability if companies instigate pre-competitive collaboration in key areas.
Umitron wins feed system contract with world's largest fishery firm
Maruha Nichiro Corporation, the world's largest fishery firm, has invested in Umitron's latest smart feeding device, the Cell2, in its rainbow trout farming operations in Japan.
Coppens launches fresh trout fry feed
A new range of starter feeds for trout, which aims to "provide key nutrients while improving water quality" has been launched by Alltech Coppens this week.


This entry was posted in Architecture, Black & White, New York City, Street Photography and tagged black and white, Monochrome Madness, New York City, photography, silhouettes, street photography. Bookmark the permalink.
A great place for cameras to be….the fountain is very photogenic!
Gotta love fountains 🙂 Thanks, Mary!
I like the way the silhouette in the foreground draws you in the the fountain. Good Shot.
Thanks, Ben! It was my first time in Central Park and I had such a great time photographing that fountain from various viewpoints. This was definitely my favorite!
Great detail about the cameras!
Really interesting photo, I love the silhouette at the front then the really ornate fountain in the background. I really like the effect from the fast shutter speed on the water. On first glance I wouldn't have noticed all the cameras but yes it must have been a popular spot. Dynamic photo Stacy.


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Beneath Your Feet: The Maintenance Crews That Keep The MBTA Running10:50
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Gov. Charlie Baker announced Friday that he's giving a special panel 30 days to come up with recommendations to fix the MBTA's finances and operations.
And for good reason. In the past couple of weeks, we've heard a lot about the failings of the MBTA — about systemic problems and a lack of financing, about bad management and political pitfalls. We've heard about maintenance backlogs, old rolling stock and poor service. In short, we've heard about a system that already can't meet demand, even as we demand that it be expanded.
We've talked a lot about everything that's wrong with the MBTA. And, granted, there's a lot to legitimately complain about. But, it also might be time to take a second to talk about at least one thing that works about the T.
Last year, we visited the MBTA's maintenance shop. It's the system's only repair facility — a 110,000 square foot warehouse in Everett. Every single part that breaks down on the T — whether it's a valve, a wheel, a break, or an entire undercarriage — is sent there.
"When you're standing on the platform, you're only seeing the shiny part," says Edward Belanger, a maintenance supervisor of the MBTA's subway main repair facility. "We handle the stuff underneath. The majority of our work is under the deck."
Belanger has been at this facility for about a decade, and he's responsible for overseeing the machine shop, sheet metal shop and electronics room.
"You have a lot of different trades under the same roof," he says. "It's very reminiscent of America when companies did everything themselves."
But very skilled work happens here, too.
"People don't like it when the wheels come off," says Belanger.
A machinist at the MBTA subway main repair facility in Everett. (Joseph Votano)
When we visited, worker Tony Moccia was inspecting a red line axle for signs of cracks or bends.
"The T is always recycled, but not for green reasons," says Belanger. "The axle unit you're looking at, with the resilient coupling, is worth about $11,000. Some of these axles will actually run the entire life of the car without being replaced."
And the wheels that are placed on those axles are held on by nothing other than an extremely tight, pressed fit — that means no welding, no lugs screwed in like on your car. Just an ultra precise press fit.
"The hole has to be 0.0025 smaller than the axle," says Belanger. "Just about the width of a human hair. So, if John misses it, either way, we can't use the wheel."
John O'Donnell bores the hole to get that red line wheel on the axle. When John is done boring the hole, you're not supposed to be able to slide anything thicker than a human hair between the wheel and the axle. You would think they would use some kind of laser-guided, computer aided machine.
But, no. With great care and skill, O'Donnell achieves that ultra tight press fit using an almost 80-year-old mechanical boring machine that's been there since the T moved into the Everett building.
"We don't throw a lot of wheels away, because John's good," says Belanger.
So good that the wheels stay on, until the maintenance crew needs to take them off. It's no easy task and requires another special — and old — machine.
"Steve and Mike are going to press off a number three wheel," says Belanger. "They're removing the wheel from the axle so we can put a new one on."
And what does it sound like? About 170,000 pounds of pressure. In other words, loud.
"That's the force it takes to hold one on," says Belanger. "When you think about the diameter of a human hair, you don't realize how powerful it can be."
And with that precision, the crew makes sure that the wheels stay on the red line as it rumbles over the tracks. They also make sure that the train stays steady, even as thousands of riders board, changing the weight distribution on each carriage throughout the commute.
All of that is done, basically, with some valves and an air bag.
"Get on a subway car. You step on that car, and that car is even with the platform," says Mark Craven, the foreman in charge of the air pressure section of the facility. He's been with the T for 24 years. "As more people get on the car or get off the car, that wants to move up and down, but we have leveling valves that adjust that automatically, so that when you're stepping on that car, if it's an empty car, you're not tripping over the door. And if it's a full car, you're not stepping into a hole in there."
A subway train uses compressed air to close and open doors or trigger brakes to stop the train. The air tubes need to be descaled after many years of use. This is the purpose of these bluish-gray, cylindrical shaped tools. (Courtesy Joseph R. Votano)
Think about it. When you get on the train in the morning, you — and many other people — cram onto the train. With that extra weight, the car doesn't sag down, even for a moment. It stays level with the platform and it stays level at the next stop, when more people board. And at stations like Park Street, when many people get off the red line — the car stays level, yet again. All because of a valve.
It's just another example of the thousands of tiny parts that make up the entire system. And almost all of this maintenance work is done in-house. Belanger points out what's called a gear unit — basically, the guts of the train: the transmission, the axles, bearings and wheels.
"It actually kind of symbolizes the building itself," he says. "The pallet was made in our wood shop, the gear unit was rebuilt in the wheel shop, components of it came out of the machine shop and the bearings — the bearing housings — were actually worked on over in our welding or blacksmith's area."
Part of the reason they do everything in-house, even crafting things like replacement door hinges and simple things like washers — all from scratch — is because many of the trains are so old, they can't buy the parts anywhere.
"We're not a production shop, but we are. And we're not a prototype shop, but we are. Many of these pieces — like these pieces for the track break — they were designed and manufactured here because nobody makes them."
Here's one of the big lessons to take away from this visit — Belanger and his employees are working on anything from blue line trains that are just a couple of years old to the Mattapan high speed line, which has rolling stock that was built back in 1945. Many of the companies that first manufactured those trains don't even exist any more. Therefore, the T's machinists are custom crafting individual replacement parts, using unique and really old tools. In other words, their skill really matters.
So, what's it like to work here?
"It's awesome. The ability to create has always been something I've been fascinated with, and this building has it all. It literally encompasses almost every single trade you would need to fabricate anything," says Belanger. "We take it serious. There's this imagery of the T that has a tendency to think that we're not, like, on the ball, we're not producing, we're taking the public's money. This building is working. It's bustling the entire time...Those two individuals are responsible for every single wheel that goes on and off every single train in the entire system. Two guys. And it's like, it doesn't get more personal than that."
It's likely Belanger and his crew are taking the current crisis at the T very personally, and that they're busier than ever doing what they can, literally and physically, to hold together an aging, underfunded train fleet.
That's the irony of maintenance work, though. On most days, when the T runs, the work that comes out of this machine shop is invisible. Right now, it's very visible. And whether or not the MBTA is suffering systemic, financial and managerial failures, the work at the T's repair facility in Everett goes on.
We were able to learn about the facility and see it first hand thanks to two freelance photographers, Joseph Votano and Karen Hosking, who published a coffee table book in 2014 called "Boston Below" featuring pictures of commuters and some incredible photos of the Everett facility.
Edward Belanger, a maintenance supervisor at the MBTA subway main repair facility in Everett.
Boston Magazine: Boston Below: Photographers Explore The Underbelly Of The MBTA
"Two photographers have been capturing the T since 2010, and their work makes up a newly released book."
This segment aired on February 20, 2015.


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Alannah Marie
List of Music
List of Performances
Press & the Media
Michael Beil: Material Shift
I have been reading Michael Beil's article 'Material Shift', which can be found in Musical Material Today edited by Claus-Steffen Mahnkopf, Frank Cox, and Wolfram Schurig. The following is by no means an exhaustive review of Beil's text, but a collection of points which resonate with my current research. I highly recommend reading the whole book, details of which can be found here.
The article is interesting in that it presents a particular perspective on defining 'material' in musical composition (something which is not straightforward in general). According to Beil, it is the meaning of 'material' which takes precedence over the actual 'material' (which is defined as 'building elements' in this instance). Beil writes:
'I can no longer consider material primarily a reservoir of building elements within an organized structure of sounds. In my view, its important properties for composition lie in the medial domain; this makes the material a means, not an end in itself.' [1]
As such, Beil's compositional approach focuses on strategies, communication, meanings and sonic effects. For instance, he writes that he does not 'consider a quotation to be material […], but rather the act of quotation.' [2] As such, the actual quotation itself plays a secondary role to a strategy. According to Beil, one has worked in the right way if the quotation is quickly forgotten after it has been recognized (without wanting to quote too much of Beil's article, pages 9-10 explain this in more detail).
To illustrate his perspective, Beil refers to three examples of his own work: Doppel (two pianos, live audio, live video); Die Zwei (flute, piano, tape, video); BLACKJACK (17 players, live audio, live video) which can be found on his website (links provided).
Beil makes several more interesting points about the reception of his music. He writes that:
'A second honest colleague found the material in Doppel traditional; while listening, he concentrated on the material as a building element […] [,] as belonging to conservative or deliberately pleasant music. His reaction, however, highlights another important point: it is very difficult for trained listeners to react to music outside of their customary routines. This means that New Music, a music that was originally meant to stimulate reflection on music, is now preventing that very reflection among some of its specialists.' [3]
I think this last quote provides an interesting point. Having experimented with traditional idioms in my own compositions, I find that they are difficult to be ignored as such within the context of 'New Music'. Rather than being viewed as an open space of sounds and frequencies, such compositions are typically interpreted as containing quotation and/or alluding to other musical idioms. This isn't necessarily always restrictive to the compositional process; however, it is often a talking point amidst the reception.
[1] Michael Beil, 'Material Shift' in Musical Material Today, ed. by Claus-Steffen Mahnkopf, Frank Cox, and Wolfram Schurig (Hofheim: Wolke, 2012), pp. 9-20 (p. 9)
[3] Ibid., p. 12
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OUT NOW! My article 'We lived in the gaps between the stories.' is published in the latest volume of Women and Music, vol. 22 (2018).
OUT NOW! My piece 'We Lived in the Gaps Between the Stories.' written for amplified accordion is now available to buy on accordionist Ryszard Lubieniecki's latest CD "SEEDS" (pub. by Nasze Nagrania)
OUT NOW! My chapter '"Xenakis, not Gounod": Xenakis, the Avant Garde, and May '68' is published in in Exploring Xenakis: Performance, Practice, Philosophy, ed. by Alfia Nakipbekova (Wilmington, DE: Vernon Press, 2019)
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The Revivals section showcases important works from renowned filmmakers that have been digitally remastered, restored, and preserved with the assistance of generous partners.
Jean Vigo's legendary last film is about a barge captain (Jean Dasté) and his new bride (Dita Parlo), who begin their turbulent marriage aboard his riverboat accompanied by an eccentric first mate (Michel Simon).
Roger Duchesne is a thief with a code of honor who envisions and executes a perfect plan to rob the casino in Deauville in this crime classic that marks the real beginning of what we have now come to think of as Melville's world.
Cape Verde's colonial histories and displaced emigrants have been central to many of Pedro Costa's films, but his rarely seen second feature is the only one thus far to have been shot on the archipelago.
A publishing company's members form a collective after its charming and thoroughly evil owner (Jules Berry) disappears in the dead of night in Jean Renoir and writer Jacques Prévert's beautiful film.
Often overlooked, Hou Hsiao-hsien's fascinating portrayal of the anomie felt by Taiwanese youth of the mid-1980s came between the period pieces that established the director on his home ground and around the world.
This spare, elemental, devastating film about two damaged souls trying to build a life together as her child is taken away is a deeply autobiographical work by the great Philippe Garrel.
Two madly impulsive young men are in love with the same woman, who happens to be played by two different actresses, in this semi-slapstick vision of true love inspired as much by Hollywood comedies and romances of the silent era as by the French New Wave.
A key work of Cuban cinema, the first feature from director Humberto Solás is a trio of stories about women named Lucía, each in a different register; a vivid visual experience, shot in glorious black and white.
James Whale gave a comic spin to J. B. Priestley's 1927 gothic novel Benighted, cast from the mold of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher," in this horror classic, bringing the film closer in spirit to the director's later Bride of Frankenstein.
Varda's feminist musical—with lyrics by the director—concerns the bond of sisterhood felt by Pomme (Valérie Mairesse) and Suzanne (Thérèse Liotard) throughout years of changes and fraught relationships with men.
This astonishingly beautiful black-and-white silent film was shot in the Black Forest of Germany with a cast of three (Bernadette Lafont, Laurent Terzieff, and Stanislas Robiolle), and is a primal response to the events of May '68 as they were still unfolding.
The story of a family's quiet endurance as it is split up and its members are sold into slavery and prostitution in 11th-century Japan is one of the greatest of Kenji Mizoguchi's films and one of the greatest works of the cinema.
Mizoguchi's adaptation of Chikamatsu Monzaemon's 17th-century jōruri play about an apprentice scroll-maker who runs away with his master's young wife is, like Sansho the Bailiff and Ugetsu before them, a film of extraordinary beauty and force.


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Worker at Gosnell Clinic: Baby's Chest Moved After Neck Snipped
National | Steven Ertelt | Apr 11, 2013 | 3:30PM | Washington, DC
A young woman who worked at Kermit Gosnell's abortion clinic as a teenager testified today in court that she saw a baby's chest move even after the gruesome snipping procedure he used to end their lives.
That a 15-year-old girl was employed at a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania abortion clinic is problematic enough, Ashley Baldwin testified Thursday in the murder trial of abortion practitioner Kermit Gosnell that even his horrific "snipping" procedure for killing babies in abortions/infanticides didn't necessarily end their lives.
From the AP story:
Baldwin said she learned to do intravenous injections as a high school student and assisted with abortions.
Her mother, Tina, also worked at the chaotic street-corner clinic in West Philadelphia. She has pleaded guilty to corruption of a minor for letting her daughter work at what prosecutors call a corrupt organization.
Ashley Baldwin, who is now in her early 20s and the mother of a toddler, said she saw a baby described at trial as "Baby A" in a hallway.
"The chest was moving," she testified Thursday.
The baby was so large that worker Adrienne Moton took a cellphone picture of it. Prosecution experts, based on the picture, say the baby was well past 24 weeks, the legal limit for abortion in Pennsylvania.
The baby's mother, then a teenager, has also testified about the difficult, three-day abortion process.
Prosecutors say they have physical evidence, based on autopsies, that two babies took a breath, and eyewitness accounts that five others were born alive and then killed with scissors.
Gosnell's defense lawyer, Jack McMahon, claims none of the babies were born alive but were dead before birth due to a lethal drug injection and that Gosnell and his staff "snipped" their necks after "birth." McMahon claims no babies were ever killed in the gruesome abortion process, which involved "snipping" the spinal cords of the children by jabbing medical scissors into the backs of their necks, because the babies were supposedly already dead.
That's not what two staffers for Gosnell admitted in court — with one saying she heard a baby scream and another saying the baby "jumped" when the newborn was stabbed in the neck with the scissors.
McMahon is attempting to get the jury to buy a story that Gosnell used a drug called Digoxin to kill the baby in utero and then to deliver a dead child. He claims Gosnell just wanted to "snip" the spinal cords to ensure the baby was dead already. The Gosnell staffer admitted that's what the abortion practitioner told her he was doing.
Although the defense attorney claimed the babies were dead and that jabbing them in the neck with scissors was needed to make sure that was the case, Gosnell staffers also told the court one at least two occasions that the babies were not dead when their necks were stabbed.
However expert witnesses testified there was no medical reason for Gosnell to cut the spines of aborted fetuses.
Determining if the children were alive or dead at the time their spinal cords were "snipped" is crucial to prosecuting Gosnell and his staff.
Gosnell faces 43 criminal counts, including eight counts of murder in the death of one patient, Karnamaya Monger, and seven newborn infants. Additional charges include conspiracy, drug delivery resulting in death, infanticide, corruption of minors, evidence tampering, theft by deception, abuse of corpse, and corruption. Gosnell could face the death penalty if convicted and he faces a mandatory minimum 20 years.
The trial of the abortion practitioner has been so gruesome and vivid in its accounts of the late-term and live-birth abortions that it has shocked the conscience of the nation, despite a relative lack of media coverage outside of local media and conservative and pro-life news outlets.
Gosnell, whose squalid "house of horrors" abortion clinic has surprised even investigative officials, has had almost flippant attitude toward his macabre abortion practices shocked the nation.
"The Gosnell case is a watershed moment for the issue of abortion," said Troy Newman, President of Operation Rescue and Pro-Life Nation. "The discovery of his horrific practices helped shed light on an abortion industry that has run amok without oversight or accountability for decades, and has prompted significant changes in abortion laws and attitudes toward enforcement in several states."
Previously, Gosnell's wife Pearl pleaded guilty to assisting her husband at his Philadelphia abortion center where he killed a woman in a botched abortion and has killed hundreds of babies in abortion-infanticides.
Pearl Gosnell was considering a plea deal similar to the one several of Gosnell's former abortion center employees have made where they have pleaded guilty to receive a lesser sentence in exchange for testifying against Gosnell. Pearl also worked at the abortion center Gosnell ran that had him kill and injure women in failed abortions and kill perhaps hundreds of babies in grisly infanticides by birthing them and "snipping" their spinal cords.
She worked at the Women's Medical Society abortion business her husband ran as a full-time medical assistant from 1982 until she married Kermit Gosnell in 1990, when she switched to only working on Sundays. At that time, the abortion business was officially closed but would do its latest-term abortions possible.
The grand jury report indicates Pearl Gosnell testified that she alone helped Kermit do abortions on Sundays when she would "help do the instruments" in the operating room despite no medical training.
Previously, Judge Lerner ruled two other former employees, Eileen O'Neill and Madeline Joe, are not allowed to have their cases separated from that of Dr. Kermit Gosnell. Neither O'Neill nor Joe are charged with killing babies in infanticides and, although their attorneys argued the horrifying allegations against Gosnell could unfairly taint their cases, they were not allowed to plead guilty in deals as was the case with six other former employees.
The murder charges also came in connection with the botched abortion death of 41-year-old Karnamaya Mongar, who died at Gosnell's abortion clinic after a failed abortion. Mongar died November 20, 2009, after overdosing on anesthetics prescribed by the doctor. Mongar's family filed a lawsuit against Gosnell's abortion business seeking damages.
Gosnell and several staffers at his abortion center, including Pearl, were arrested in January after a grand jury indicted them on multiple charges after officials raided his abortion business following a woman's death and discovered a "shop of horrors" filled with bags of bodies and body parts of deceased unborn children and babies killed in infanticides. Pearl Gosnell, Kermit's 49-year-old wife who has no medical license, faces a charge of providing an abortion at 24 or more weeks and conspiracy and other charges.
Gosnell has been denied bail while the case against him moves forward. Women have spoken out about their treatment and one woman says she was drugged and tied up and forced to have an abortion.
Authorities searching the facility last year found bags and bottles holding aborted babies scattered around the building, jars containing babies' severed feet lining a shelf, as well as filthy, unsanitary furniture and equipment.
The grand jury investigation also shows state officials did nothing when reports came in about problems at Gosnell's abortion center, which has upset incoming pro-life Governor Tom Corbett.
Gosnell's abortion center was inspected only after a federal drug raid in 2010. It was the first time the facility had been inspected in 17 years because state officials ignored complaints and failed to visit Gosnell's Women's Medical Society for years.
The abortion industry has been forced to suspend two abortion businesses that employed embattled abortion practitioner Kermit Gosnell, who has been the subject of national controversy over his abortion business in Philadelphia.
Following revelations that Gosnell is associated with two other abortion centers in Louisiana and Delaware, the National Abortion Federation made the decision to suspend the memberships of both. Atlantic Women's Medical Services, the Delaware abortion business that employed Gosnell one day a week to do abortions, and the Delta Clinic abortion center of Baton Rouge, have both had their memberships suspended. Leroy Brinkley owns both abortion businesses. Atlantic operates abortion centers in Wilmington and Dover.


Oregon has some of the most beautiful coastlines without a doubt and make for a perfect sunset bridal shoot. On this breezy day at the Oregon Coast, we used the wind to our advantage to create graceful movement and allow her dress, ribbon and hair to flow freely. The delicate textures and organic designs in Claire la Faye's dress perfectly compliment the scenery and colors in the rocks and sky. Our color pallet was inspired by the shades and tones of the sunset, bringing soft pinks and deep reds into the elaborate bouquet designed by Kailla Platt.


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Warner Bros. is making a Killing Joke animated movie
Warner Bros. is turning The Killing Joke—one of the most disturbing Batman graphic novels ever written—into an animated movie. The news comes from writer and artist Bruce Timm, who made the announcement at a Comic-Con panel for his upcoming direct-to-video movie Justice League: Gods And Monsters. The film adaptation of The Killing Joke is expected out in 2016.
The 1988 graphic novel was written by Alan Moore and drawn by Brian Bolland, and offers one of many possible origin stories (and one of the the most unsettling ones, at that) for Batman's long-time nemesis The Joker. This year marks the 75th anniversary of the supervillain's creation.
No casting announcement was made, but Mark Hamill, who has voiced The Joker in animation and video games on-and-off since Batman: The Animated Series, has previously expressed interest in returning for a Killing Joke adaptation.


Betty Danger's is rife with nooks and crannies where you can neck like a teenager. For heightened drama, we suggest bringing your sweetheart to this Northeast hot spot in the dead of winter. Winter Wonderland sessions generally start up mid-November and run through February. For $8 to $11, you'll score a warm fleece blanket to snuggle under, a hot beverage such as cider or hot chocolate (add booze if you've got cold feet), and a 15-minute ride on the Ferris wheel. That's eight more minutes than you got at parties in middle school. Your sky chariot will feature downtown views, Christmas lights, and even some holiday characters on the restaurant's rooftop. Not that you'll notice when you're busy keeping each other warm.


Saturday's engage Super League game between Salford City Reds and Hull FC ended in controversy as Hull were awarded two contentious tries on the nod of the video referee to ensure that they edged out a Salford side who were in control for the better part of the eighty minutes. Not surprisingly a lot of debate has centred on the effectiveness of the video referee system.
The second try came in the closing minutes and sealed the game for the visitors, but it appeared that Gareth Raynor had lost the ball before grounding it. That was simply a poor decision, but the first incident asked questions of the way that the system itself operates.
Motu Tony forced his way over the Reds' try line and was held up by two Salford defenders. Referee Steve Ganson was unsure whether Tony had touched down or not, blew the whistle to stop the game and referred the decision to the video referee. Then Tony rolled over and grounded the ball.
Tony was clearly held up until the point were Ganson ended play by blowing the whistle. However, the video referee makes his decision without the benefit of any sound as the noise from the crowd may influence him. So the only decision he could make was to award the try as Tony had grounded the ball – he did not know that the grounding came after Ganson had brought play to an end.
The question now is how to ensure that such a mistake does not happen again. One suggestion that was mooted in the aftermath of the game was to stop using video referees and instead allow the referee himself to view the replay on the big screen and make his decision that way. This would stop incidents like Saturday's where the video ref is not aware of where the referee has stopped play.
The use of technology in decision making is something that is necessary in today's sports, but a way needs to be found of making the use of technology effective.
Many rugby league people seem to think that expansion by necessity involves the creation of a Super League franchise in the south, in Wales or somewhere on the continent. Anyone who is under that impression – and I include the RFL in that – needs to have a look at this quote from William Masterton, Chairman of the Jamaican Rugby League association (JRLA).
"It started with a telephone call from a couple of guys in Australia three years ago, who told me they thought Rugby League would go down well in Jamaica. There was absolutely no awareness of the game at all, but interest has grown very quickly.
The key thing here is that the Jamaicans are developing from "the grassroots up". That means starting at the bottom and making sure that the structure is in place before making a move that may be too ambitious. At the moment the Jamaican domestic league is still developing and at the end of the year a national side will be chosen to play in World Cup qualifiers.
The Jamaicans have received help from both the RFL and the ARL and have recently announced a link up with Leeds Rhinos and Leeds Metropolitan University. This will allow them to benefit from the experience of others.
This is the only way that rugby league will spread – from the bottom up with the help of developed rugby league nations. There is clearly potential in Jamaica if hundreds of Kingston children have already taken to the game.
All it takes now is for Jamaican RL to be pushed too far too soon and all this patient work will have been for nothing. Let's bear that in mind before we decide to stick a Super League franchise in south Wales, and anywhere else that might make our premier competition look good for a few months.
This Sunday sees the Northern Rail Cup final between Hull Kingston Rovers and Leigh Centurions at Blackpool's Bloomfield Road and, along with National League Grand Finals day, is one of two days of the year when the National Leagues exist.
For anyone intending to tune in to the live coverage of the final look forward to the commentators proclaiming how much quality there is in the lower leagues before next week going back to heavily implying that promotion and relegation be scrapped for good.
The pundits are perfectly right to tell us that the National Leagues are full of quality, and those divisions should get a great deal more exposure than they currently do. For instance, Sky's Boots'N'All programme used regularly to show highlights, results and tables from the National leagues, but at the start of last season this disappeared from our screens.
Putting that to one side, this should be a great game between two of LHF National League One's top clubs. Hull KR are the holders, while Leigh won the cup in 2004 but never had the chance to defend their prize. In effect this is the battle of the champions and it will be an intriguing contest.
For Hull KR this is the beginning of three tough weeks. After the cup final they will take on second-placed Widnes Vikings at Craven Park before facing off with St Helens in the Powergen Challenge Cup semi-finals. The intensity faced by the players over that three weeks will be a serious test of their Super League aspirations.


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Q: Analysis of changes of categorical variables in the dataframe I have pivot dataframe with information on what territory many travelers are on their journey to around the world.
My pivot df looks something like this:
     Name           Anna         Robert        James
Date
2018-10-01        Bulgaria       Spain         Croatia
2018-10-02        Portugal       NaN           Portugal
2018-10-03        Spain          USA           Spain
2018-10-04        USA            USA           Spain
2018-10-05        USA            Canada        USA

There are 100 columns (100 travelers) and 300 days.
Based on such data, how can I explore which routes are the most popular?
It can be seen at first glance that all of them came to the USA from Spain. Robert also flew to the USA from Spain only that his flight lasted 2 days. Two of the three presented travelers came to Spain from Portugal so this is also a popular route.
Is there any way to show popular routes using ML algorithms? I will be extremely grateful for any tips.
EDIT:
We can assume that the route has 2 nodes, so based on this df Spain-USA is a popular route

A: The simplest thing you can do is to create origin-destination tuples by zipping each user column with its shifted self and to then pass the tuples to a Counter object.
import pandas as pd
from collections import Counter

df.fillna(method='ffill', inplace=True)

# Create a counter object and pass it the origin-destination tuples
counter = Counter()
for col in df.columns:
    routes = list(zip(df[col].shift(1, fill_value=df[col][0]), df[col]))
    routes = [(k, v) for k, v in routes if k != v]
    counter.update(routes)
counter.most_common(3)

Output:
counter.most_common(3)
Out[76]:
[(('Spain', 'USA'), 3),
 (('Portugal', 'Spain'), 2),
 (('Bulgaria', 'Portugal'), 1)]


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The Best And Worst Of WWE SummerSlam 2015
Brandon StroudFacebookTwitterPro Wrestling Editor
Pre-show notes:
– If you missed the show, you can watch it here. You can catch up on previous editions of the Best and Worst of SummerSlam here.
– Make sure you've read the Best and Worst of NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn. If you watched SummerSlam and didn't watch that, you're doing it wrong.
– With Spandex is on Twitter, so follow it. Follow us on Twitter and like us on Facebook. You can also follow me on Twitter.
– Share the column! Your shares, likes and other Internet Things are appreciated. You keep me in the business of making jokes about Dolph Ziggler's terrible clothes by spreading the column around.
And now, the Best and Worst of WWE SummerSlam 2015. It's cool. For the summer!
Best: Jon Stewart, Wrestling Fan
So, if I had to pick an overarching theme for the 2015 edition of SummerSlam, it'd be "Jon Stewart is WWE's critique of smart wrestling fans."
I'll write more about it later when the sh*t hits the fan, but it's a fun way to go back and look at the show. Stewart accomplishes something in life — being the beloved host of The Daily Show — and gets asked to come be a respectful, normal person at a WWE event. He shows up, and his first order of business is to confront a wrestler about a match he didn't like from a year and a half ago. He wants to "confront" Brock Lesnar about ending the Undertaker's streak at WrestleMania 30, much like how someone like me would meet Sheamus and say, "hey, if you've got a minute, I'd like to thoroughly explain how you ruined WrestleMania 28." He enlists the help of WWE Hall of Fame legend Mick Foley to be his bodyguard, because he is willing to instigate a fight, but knows he's not strong enough to finish it. Jon tells Foley on the phone that he wants help against Brock, but Foley hears "Rock." That's about Foley's brains being scrambled, but also suggests that smark-ass Jon Stewart may have misspoken, because sometimes smarks are not good at explaining how they feel like human beings.
So! Foley bails on Stewart and nothing happens. Later in the show, this happens:
If you need confirmation that Jon Stewart's booked as a smark, watch him tell Neville he's excited for his match, blatantly namedrop the fact that he "knows" the Undertaker and solicit WWE Superstars for autographs in the middle of a show. How perfect is that? Later, Stewart finally builds up the courage to confront Brock Lesnar in his dressing room, runs into Paul Heyman — the man who is responsible for rubbing in Lesnar's victory for the past year and a half — and starts complimenting him. Suddenly he's a "big fan." Heyman gives him a brushoff, and again, nothing happens.
That doesn't even touch on Stewart representing smart wrestling fans by hating John Cena. There's something meta and brilliant happening here. The only way it could've been better is if they'd ended the show with Jon being all, "heh, they should start running WWE PPVs on Saturdays and NXT shows on Sundays, am I right?"
Worst: Opening The Show With The Cooldown Match
If I gave out star ratings, the rating for Sheamus vs. Randy Orton would be the sound of wind blowing.
Sheamus/Orton suffers a lot of the same problems as the Divas Revolution match, which isn't something I thought I'd ever type. Basically what's happening is you've got two talented, important guys locked in a blood feud that's based on literally nothing, and they're wrestling an objectively good match with no heat beyond "we're excited to see the wrestlers." Maybe that's why it opened the show. The crowd starts chanting "HOW YOU DOIN'" and "OLÉ" in the middle of the FIRST MATCH, and Orton and Sheamus aren't really doing anything to deserve it beyond being August 2015 Randy Orton and August 2015 Sheamus. Is that on them?
Sheamus even stops in the middle of the match to do the Kurt Angle Memorial "you will not boo me" microphone spot, and it results in a lot of stimulus response booing, but nothing really sustainable. Orton counters a Battering Ram into an RKO and Sheamus rolls out of the ring. That's Randy Orton match code. He's not over, but the RKO is the most over thing in wrestling history, so if he builds and builds to hitting it, he's winning. If he hits it and something goes wrong and it doesn't automatically end the match, he's losing. It's the "Nikki Bella apathetic butt twirl" of the men's division.
So yeah, it's a Worst, but an existential one. You thought we were pretentious before.
As a quick note, WWE's getting really good at positioning Money in the Bank matches to stress us out all night. If they run Sheamus vs. Orton early, that sets us up to expect Sheamus to at least TRY to cash in Money in the Bank later. It makes us think they want him to rest or want us to forget about him to maximize the cash-in surprise. Most of the time they aren't doing sh*t, and we're falling for it. We're all a bunch of puppets. This is us right here, dancing.
Worst: Thanks For Sending These Pricks To SummerSlam, Draft Kings
Maybe I'm being harsh, and I could be phrasing this a little strongly, but watching "Jake and Josh" take a break from Mountain Dew and fantasy sports to go to wrestling events made me want to throw them both down a flight of stairs. If you want to know who was chanting "what" during William Regal's announcement of the Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic during TakeOver, I'm pointing a finger at these guys. They didn't even bring their little sister.
Best: Let's Hear It For New Day
Going back over the show this morning, I think the Tag Team Championship match is my favorite match on the show. Rollins vs. Cena was better, but ended in a way that kinda made me want to put my head down for a while, so I'm giving it to the tags.
There's so much going on here, and all of it works. The New Day opening the match with a surprisingly good cover of 'Empire State Of Mind' alone would've made this a Best, but go back and watch it and keep your eyes on Brandi in the background. She spends the entire song trying not to lose her sh*t, especially when Big E says the other teams are "booty." On top of that you've got Kofi Kingston wearing the Hover Boots from The Legend Of Zelda: Ocarina Of Time and Xavier Woods at ringside, running his mouth and facebustering El Torito on the floor. Facebustering? Facebusting? He's picking him up and throwing him at the ground.
The other teams are great here, too. The Prime Time Players are on another level right now, with Darren Young slowly becoming this generation's perfect Ricky Morton and "Hot Tag" Titus turning hot tags into a damn event. Kayfabe-wise, they've got a great system going. It's like camping, but for tag matches. If they fought anybody two-on-two, I'd pick the PTP. Los Matadores wrestled a smarter match than I think I've seen them wrestle before, and Kalisto was on fire, man. That monkey flip 450 was a thing of beauty. Kalisto was like, "I'm stuck teaming with Sin Cara, how many SummerSlams am I gonna be on? Better make this one count." (Ed. note: I hope he's on a lot of them.)
I think New Day celebrations might be the best thing about wrestling. Kofi steals a pin and celebrates by hopping up and down on his back like he's trying to avoid elimination from his own win, and then this happens. How are you supposed to boo them? The New Day is the new Edge and Christian.
Worst: Freedom '90
To show that she's a free, independent woman who no longer has to dress like her boyfriends wants, Lana shows up dressed like Dolph Ziggler. I mean, Lana could draw puff-paint frowny faces on a potato sack and put it over her head and make it look fashionable, but still. Just because the guy you're dating dresses like a 13-year old emo freshman from 1993 doesn't mean you have to.
Honestly, they should've kept SummerSlam at its normal length and cut a lot of this. If you're gonna bring Ziggler back the week before SummerSlam and end the match with a double count-out just to set up a mixed tag at Night Of Champions, can't you do that on Raw? A double count-out on Raw would at least feel like a stepping stone to something greater, and not like a waste of time. The only thing positive I have to say about it is that it reinforces my belief that Rusev is the babyface, because when he sees his girlfriend get slapped, he releases the submission hold he was about to win with to go check on her. That's a classic, dumb babyface move.
This was pretty terrible. The wrestling wasn't bad, but it went nowhere on purpose. Rusev had the match won, but essentially lost via distraction catfighting. Dog Ziggler didn't do a run-in, nobody got hit with a cold fish and Ziggler didn't reveal a giant United States flag with a picture of him Frenching Lana on it. I got nothing.
Best: Stephen By God Amell
I understand the criticisms of people who outright hated SummerSlam. The main event was a screwy finish between two part-timers, the title vs. title match ended with a celebrity heel turn and one of the major undercard stories revolved around a guy from a CW superhero show. That's legit. Like many of you, my greater instinct is to type things like, "I enjoyed The Vaudevillains vs. Blake & Murphy from Saturday night more than 90 percent of SummerSlam." I get even worse with it. "I liked Alexa Bliss's facial expressions more than SummerSlam." It gets bad.
That said and understood, it … kinda worked? That main event with the screwy finish between part-timers has people talking, which is really the only thing you can hope for when you're following WrestleMania 30 and one of the most controversial WWE matches of all time. The celebrity heel turn at least made sense from a smark point of view, and that CW superhero did GREAT. Like, as well as you could've ever expected him to. Amell had what, a few weeks of training? After just a few weeks he was able to put together a believable, entertaining and athletic match. Some people are eight-year WWE veterans and can't be relied on to do that.
Plus, this guy's a budding movie star — he's Casey Jones in the new Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles movie — and he's doing dives from the top rope to the floor. Not that Paige dive where she tucks and rolls and prays to God Tamina remembers to catch her, he's GOING FOR IT. I'd like to see Elias Koteas do THAT. His enzuigiri was good, too, and he sold the hell out of the physicality of the WWE experience. See how much better things are when you work with celebrities that respect the product, and aren't just here because their agent made them do it?
I'm surprised that neither Amell nor Stardust were involved in the finish when the feud was built around them, but I guess that sets us up for a sequel.
The Tough Enough Contestants Get A Front Row Seat To See Four Hours Of Examples Of Things They'll Never Get To Do
My vote's for Sara Lee. I don't care if she's a monster. I'm willing to change my mind if WWE agrees to sign ZZ and bring him in as Husky Harris.
Best: Jon Stewart Preserves The Legacy Of Ric Flair
We'll get to that in a second.
First of all, I want to make sure I properly express how f*cking rad this match was before the finish. Seth Rollins and John Cena have amazing chemistry together — it reminds me of a faster version of Punk/Cena, maybe with a little less gravity — and I love that for as much as Cena talks about him being a coward, Rollins can legitimately hang with him. This isn't a match built around J&J Security and Kane running interference the entire time. Seth Rollins (by himself) is countering all of Big Match John's Big Match Moves, doing Cena's own "roll-through feat-of-strength Attitude Adjustment" finish and pulling off some outstanding sh*t of his own. One day he's gonna hit that Phoenix Splash, and it's gonna win so hard.
If Cena's United States Championship run had to end in a way other than someone stepping up, accepting his challenge, beating him, winning the title and earning Cena's respect without five additional qualifying matches (sorry, Kevin Owens), at least he got to go out strong. Cena's been having the best in-ring year of his life this year, and it's so good it makes us briefly forget about what a creative brick wall he is.
As for the finish … yeah, it was dumb. Stewart didn't do a great job of making us think he was gonna help Cena before he swerved us, as he just kinda stood there grimacing and awkwardly holding a chair, waiting for Cena to get up. I appreciate it on two levels, though:
1. It continues the "Jon Stewart is WWE's commentary on smart fans" angle, because a smart fan would want to see John Cena lose, especially if a Cena victory meant he tied Ric Flair's 16 World Championships.
2. It makes sense as the next step in the Rollins and Stewart story, as Rollins appeared on one of Jon's last Daily Show episodes and gave him a custom WWE World Heavyweight Championship belt. Why would you hate on the guy after he did that? You'd be his best friend. I can't stand Sheamus, but if he showed up at my house and gave me a BRANDON'S GREAT replica title I'd probably change my mind.
So, as it stands, the finish is dumb, but it works, and the match is great.
Best? Wait, I Almost Forget There Was An Intercontinental Championship Match
And it, uh, wasn't bad!
The Miz, Ryback and Big Show have been trying to have this Intercontinental Championship match since like 1965, but bad timing and sudden injuries have delayed it. They finally got to have it here, and it's fun. They keep it short, Big Show stays relatively protected — he knocks out Miz but gets clotheslined out of the ring, allowing Ryback to pin Miz and retain the championship — Miz looks like a goober, and Ryback looks like he's smart enough to win a match with something besides screaming and muscles.
I think my favorite part was Show climbing the ropes to do history's worst and probably most dangerous Swanton Bomb, which should've instantly killed both of his opponents whether he hit them or not. It also should've killed 15 people in the front row. It takes him for-ev-errrrr to get into position, which makes it an effective analogy for SummerSlam as a whole: "We're trying something cool, just give us a minute … wait, just a little longer … ah, well, that wasn't as cool as we'd hoped, but let's move on."
Congratulations to Ryback on his victory. I can't wait for the next three to eight months of build for Ryback vs. Miz vs. Big Show II.
Best? Are We Not Doing Anything?
Similarly, Dean Ambrose and Roman Reigns have great (great) chemistry with Bray Wyatt and Luke Harper, but all that really resulted was a fun wrestling match. I don't want to complain about that — being entertained by what the guys in the ring are doing is the end goal, no matter what surrounds it — but SummerSlam was kinda booked around the idea that it was this massive, four-hour event where everything changed. People were predicting heel turns and Sting run-ins and the whole nine, but large parts of the show were just a good Raw.
Again, not the worst complaint in the world, especially after a year where entire pay-per-views have been filler, but it's interesting. Are we to the point where Network live specials are dressed-up reasons to tune in to Raw the next night? Are we okay with that? It doesn't really change anything, it just necessitates things actually happening on Raw. Otherwise we have nowhere where "stuff" happens, and we're stuck on a treadmill with no endorphins left in our system.
Roman Reigns likes beers, though! Crowds should start yelling "ICE COOOOOLD" like in 'Hey Ya' so Roman can go "BOOM" instead of "OOOH" before spears.
Best/Worst: The Divas Are Revolting
No, I don't mean it like that.
If we've learned anything this weekend, it's that a 1-on-1 women's match with good characters, a good build and consequence is a thousand times better than nine Divas going as hard as possible and doing all the moves they know.
I've written about it a lot over the past month and may have to retire the point, but it doesn't matter how "good" this match is, they're having it for no reason. There's no end game. If Team PCB wins, what happens? If Team Bella wins, what happens? It's a 2-page Choose Your Own Adventure book. Page 1 is "do you want the Divas to have longer matches and do moves," and page 2 says "they do it." As I've shouted from mountaintops before, it's a great first step to give the women time and let them wrestle matches instead of pointing at each others' butts for 30 seconds and falling backwards into terrible rollups, but you've gotta take Step Two. Step two is telling us who any of these women are, why they're doing what they're doing, and what they're fighting for. "Stephanie McMahon says women are doing great lately" is not a mission statement.
I don't want to just give it a Worst, though, because the match itself wasn't bad. I'm sad there wasn't a focus on Sasha Banks and that Team B.A.D. got eliminated so quickly, but she did get dropped on her damn head with a reverse Bayleycanrana on Saturday, so if she needed an easy night, I'm not gonna throw shade. I thought Paige worked especially hard here, running around trying to keep everything together and eating even basic Bella offense like it was a Steiner Screwdriver. Becky getting the win with a pump-handle ura nage was unexpected and kinda sudden, but good for her. Plus, it involved Brie Bella in the finish, which all Divas matches are contractually obligated to do.
Let's step into Monday with a plan. Every WWE Championship is defended at Night of Champions, which means we build to a Nikki Bella Divas title defense and (hopefully) loss. The Bellas are established as part of the "revolution" for better or worse now, so if she loses the belt, it's not a reason for both of them to disappear forever. Maybe put the belt on Becky, have the Bellas chase her for a few months with Paige and Charlotte running interference, and have B.A.D. play both sides of the fence.
If not that, then something. If we spend another month doing nothing and saying it's great, we're selling out the effort.
Best: Making The Most Of The Death Slot
Speaking of people who killed themselves on Saturday and deserved an easy night, here's Kevin Owens going 14 minutes with Cesaro in the SummerSlam death slot. It's a very good match, hurt a little by its placement on the card. It's hard to watch anything you love for four hours, much less four straight hours of WWE. Once you're 3 1/2 in, you're gonna be burned out by anything that isn't absurdly spectacular. Owens and Cesaro had to go on before Brock Lesnar and the Undertaker. It's a much more polite version of the "We Want Lesnar" chants during Nikki and Sasha on Raw.
I'm happy Owens won, at least. Cesaro needed the win just as badly, but he's superhuman and will be able to recover. Owens was on a losing streak and getting fat jokes made about him on Raw, so while yeah, he's currently part of the WWE upper-mid-card and wrestling on TV against top opponents every week, he's in an iffy spot. That kind of position can go very well or very badly out of nowhere. Him beating Cesaro keeps him looking like a relevant competitor, and not like an indies shlub who got lucky once because Cena underestimated him.
Best: Kevin Owens Calling Rich Brennan 'Milhouse'
Hey! He looks just like you, poindexter!
Best: The Match They Probably Wanted To Have At WrestleMania 30
Having been live in the crowd for Lesnar vs. Undertaker at WrestleMania, I had low expectations for this. I expected another Lesnar match where he mostly walks around in circles waiting for German suplexes, and his opponent has to crawl around for 20 minutes reaching for the ropes. There's an exciting kind of Lesnar match — the triple threat at the Rumble, for example — where he's this unleashed, furious monster, and a boring kind of Lesnar match — Battleground against Rollins — where he's kind of a dork.
The good news is that Lesnar/Taker 2 walked a fine line between those. We got a lot of Brock being super cool and super strong, but also some of the enjoyable dorkiness, like the sit-up laugh exchange you'll see memed from Monday afternoon until the end of time. If Brock bleeds, the match is usually good. That's strange to say, but it's true. Having them start the match fast and having the announcers emphasize the importance of specific strikes and where they land really helped a lot. So, having said that I enjoyed the match, what do you think the problem was?
This is the way SummerSlam ends; not with a bang, but with people furrowing their brows, waiting for something else to happen.
If you missed it, Undertaker had Brock Lesnar locked in the Hell's Gate. Brock was able to counter into a Kimura. Taker tried to roll Brock back onto his shoulders for a pin, so the referee slid into position and counted "one." While this was happening, Taker was tapping out. The referee couldn't see it, but the timekeeper started ringing the bell. Brock got up and celebrated, thanks in part to Paul Heyman telling him he'd won, and the referee was all, "what, no, what?" In the confusion, Undertaker hit a low blow on Brock and locked him in the Hell's Gate again. Brock gave Taker the finger (pictured), but passed out in the hold. Taker was declared the winner. After the match, they showed a replay that clearly showed Undertaker tapping out, so Heyman rang the bell a bunch and declared Brock the actual winner.
If you want to build up interest in a Brock vs. Taker rematch at WrestleMania (which is what I'm assuming they're doing), that's fine. If you want to portray Undertaker as a dirty heel, whether he's being cheered or not, having him take a cheap victory after tapping out and getting lucky is also good. It's especially good if you have him show up on Monday bragging about how he submitted Lesnar, and really push the heel thing. The problem is in the execution. The referee couldn't see Undertaker tap out, but neither could the timekeeper. So why'd he ring the bell? Even if he SAW the tap and knew Taker had lossed, since when has the timekeeper rung the bell without the referee telling him to? That's like, the entire purpose of the timekeeper. Why didn't we SEE the timekeeper? Why was Charles Robinson leaning through the ropes, yelling at someone offscreen? Is the reveal gonna be that Kane was there and rang the bell, but the announce team couldn't look two feet to their left and see him? How does ANY of this make sense?
It's one of those first draft ideas where somebody goes, "I'll tap and the ref won't see it, then you'll think you won and I'll f*ck you over," but they don't actually rehearse it and half of it gets lost in translation. It's such a simple 'f*ck you' finish that it not working and making sense is the most infuriating thing. That, and that WWE crowds outside Minnesota won't boo Undertaker for being a total POS.
And … uh, that's SummerSlam. Yay?
Best: Top 10 Comments Of The Night
Korporate Kaneanite
WWE has scheduled this show like a road trip with my family: Go to the bathroom now, because it's four hours to Grandpa's house.
Heisandow
"Hey Rusev, what are your thoughts on Ziggler's hair?"
"If he dyes, he dyes."
LastTexansFan
Stephen Amell reminds me of a two-legged Zach Gowen.
Wait A Minute Rice
Rollins is the hero we deserve, but Cena is the one he kneed.
Rollins, demanding his statue: Give me the one in Hogan's spot!
HHH: Who?
Rollins: Hogan's!
HHH: HORACE HOGAN HAS A STATUE?!
MillionDollarDan
Jon Stewart spent the last 17 years taking down the villains who appealed to the lowest common denominator of society. Tonight he continued that work.
The Real Birdman
Have fun losing your next three straight PPV matches against Cena, John Stewart
Brock Lesnar, victim of Dick-Kick-Ulitis
The Stork
Never shoulda fired Mark Yeaton, Vince.
Big Baby Yeezus
I guess the PPV was cool…at least for the summer
Thanks for reading. Time for three more hours of WWE programming!
Topics: #Summerslam, #Summerslam 2015, #WWETags: BEST AND WORST OF SUMMERSLAM, SUMMERSLAM, summerslam 2015, WWE, WWE SUMMERSLAM, WWE SummerSlam 2015
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