Health demographers guesstimate that if human populations in Northern Europe were to achieve adequate vitamin D3 levels (40 nanograms per milliliter of blood sample) this would save 17.7% in direct and indirect healthcare costs, saving hundreds of billions of dollars/Euros per year.
If these Northern European statistics can be extrapolated to the United States, the U.S. would save about $4.4 trillion in healthcare costs over the next decade.
Such an extrapolation cannot be cleanly made since Northern Europe exists in a less sunny climate where far less vitamin D is produced, particularly in winter months; however, vitamin D deficiency is widely reported even in sunny climates such as Florida.
Repeated health warnings to avoid strong sun exposure caused Americans to stay out of the sun and to screen out solar radiation over the fear of skin cancer. Yet mortality from skin cancer is small next to the premature deaths caused by vitamin D shortages.
Northern Europe is at a higher latitude, has a largely indoor lifestyle, has a general lack of vitamin D-fortified food and government regulations severely restrict dosage of vitamin D supplements. The latter measure ensures a certain level of disease in Northern European human populations.
Mass vitamin D supplementation would save about $1346 per year in healthcare costs per person in the U.S., or over $4000 a year for a family of three. Costs to provide 3000 international units of daily supplemental vitamin D would be about $10/year per person.
William B. Grant PhD of the Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center (SUNARC), in San Francisco, is one of the researchers who drafted the report published in the March 4 issue of Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.
The report estimates vitamin D3 supplementation would reduce the incidence of Type 1 childhood diabetes by a relative 78%; hip fracture by 26%; all cancer among postmenopausal women by 35%; seasonal flu and common cold incidence by 90% and overall mortality by 7%. Other studies show mortality rates would be reduced by 10—20% that would increase life expectancy by about 2—3 years.
For every dollar spent on vitamin D supplementation, $20 healthcare dollars would be saved.
This study indicates that increasing Europeans' serum vitamin D levels (25(OH)D) to at least 40 nanograms per milliliter of blood sample year-round could significantly reduce rates for cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, respiratory infections, and dental/periodontal diseases.
In most European countries, the vitamin D levels are typically 15—20 ng/mL below this goal.


The SPS Design Studio provides our students with high (and low tech) resources to create solutions to challenges in Art and in Design Thinking classes. Students have access to a state-of-the art laser cutter, 3D printer and scanner, as well as, manipulatives such as Lego blocks, wood, cardboard and more. With access to these materials, students produce stunning works of art and prototypes for empathetic based projects.
In Design Thinking class, students are given the tools to creatively solve human-centered problems and challenges using specific steps. They are taught to "fail faster, to succeed sooner," and that failing is always an option. To fail in this class, is to learn and seek out alternate options to solving a problem or challenge. These steps teach empathy for others and can be used in all facets of their lives. Soundview Students learn the various processes used in design thinking, and will focus on the main four: defining the challenge, ideation, prototyping and testing.


At Trico Long Distance Movers, we make your move to Pennsylvania painless.
If you're considering living in Pennsylvania you'll find that there are a number of good reasons for moving to that state. You've probably already realized the advantages of making the move. But it sometimes takes a long time to decide if relocating is the right thing to do, so it's a good idea to take a while to think about the details before you decide if it's right for you.
Each year, a lot of people move to new homes in the United States. Around 12 percent of the population, or about 35 million people, leave their current residence for a new domicile. A number of families and individuals from across the country relocate to Pennsylvania, and they often find that it can be an exciting adventure.
If you're new to Pennsylvania, there are many new sights and experiences in store for you. Numerous guidebooks and online sites supply an almost endless inventory of information about every conceivable benefit that the state offers.
Among your first decisions will be selecting the best places to live in Pennsylvania. Do you prefer life in the city, a small town or in the country? You can find a variety of options that will fit the kind of environment that suits you best. The next step is to choose several different locations that fit your preferences, and then look at the advantages that each provides. If you have friends or relatives you'd like to be near, that can help you narrow down the options. They can also probably help you make a good decision by providing advice and inside information.
Once you've considered the many advantages and opportunities the state offers, you'll probably be asking yourself, should I move to Pennsylvania, to another state that's also interesting, or should I stay in my current state? It all depends on your reasons for moving. Sometimes your circumstance can help to make your choices clear. If you're relocating for a new job, for instance, that makes your decision easier. Otherwise, you must weigh the benefits that you'll reap by making the move.
Economic decisions always play a role when it comes to making a move, so you'll of course want to consider the cost of living in Pennsylvania. Taxes, fees, the price of real estate and many other factors determine how far your money will go in any geographic location. You can look at the cost of food, utilities and other day-to-day or year-to-year expenses and make your own calculations. Or, find an online cost-of-living calculator and let it do the work for you.
There's a great deal of information that you'll want to consider if you'd like to move to Pennsylvania, and that may take a bit or research on your part. The time you invest in finding the facts will be worthwhile, most likely. Should you decide to make the move you'll feel more confident about your decision, and you'll likely have a good idea of what to expect in your new home.
It can be challenging to get around almost everywhere without your own source of transportation, so it's a good idea to ensure that you know the rules of the road and any new regulations that you'll be obliged to follow. When you're moving to Pennsylvania, the DMV will likely be among the many stops you'll want to make as soon as you begin to get settled. Start out by looking at the Pennsylvania.gov DMV website. It supplies a lot of the information you'll need to know and can save you a lot of time.
Another top question for motorists taking up residence in the state is what must I do about my driver's license? Again, you'll find all of the facts that you need to know on the government site. In addition, you can learn about all of the rules associated with registering a car in Pennsylvania.
If you're an outdoorsman and are moving to Pennsylvania with guns, you'll want to know what regulations and licensing procedures you're facing.
Pennsylvania state laws, not local laws, can regulate matters including the lawful ownership, possession, transfer or transportation of firearms, ammunition, or ammunition components. Private sales of handguns must go through a licensed dealer, though long guns may be sold privately without the use of a licensed dealer. Licensed dealers must provide locking devices with handguns unless the handgun has a locking device incorporated in its design. Firearms are prohibited from certain places, including court facilities.
Pennsylvania recognizes carry permits from some other states by statute and has formal reciprocity with some others for resident and non-resident permits. However, some agreements have been modified by the Attorney General to extend reciprocity to residents of the state of issue only. Florida, Arizona and Virginia have had their agreements modified in this manner.
You may find that the gun laws in Pennsylvania are more lenient or more restrictive that the laws in the state that you are moving from. In either case it's a good idea to contact your local law enforcement agency to ensure that you're getting the most up-to-date rules and regulations, whether you're moving to Pennsylvania with a handgun rifle or shotgun.
Winter, spring, summer, or fall, everyone in Pennsylvania comes to the Pocono Mountains for the serenity, the scenery, and most of all for the fun.
With two major MLB teams in the state of Pennsylvania, residents have to take their pick.
Every year on Groundhog Day at Gobbler's Knob in Punxsutawney, locals and travelers from all over gather to ask a groundhog to predict the weather. Punxsutawney Phil almost always sees his shadow, signaling a late-arriving spring.
Philadelphia is overflowing with history you've only heard of in school. The Liberty Bell, the American flag and the Constitution are all on display in Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania has the second largest Amish population in the country, mainly focused around the Lancaster area, and their food is outrageously good.


The fourth and final panel installment of this series continues to examine why audiologists need not be so fearful about the possibility of a future rife with OTC devices. The data pretty clearly shows that there will be a continued demand from consumers for customized hearing care delivered by audiologists and other licensed professionals.
An important model to study on a national scale is the hearing aid market of Japan, where OTC devices are readily available in retail stores, on the Internet, and via mail order (Hougaard et al., 2013).
In one particular study (Hougaard et al., 2013), hearing aid uptake in Japan was the lowest of all developed countries, at 14%, compared to an average of 35% in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Additionally, only 39% of hearing aid users were satisfied with their devices, compared to approximately 80% in the other developed countries.
However, who is to say what the results will be in a model that offers both conventional and OTC hearing aids? Could these OTC users add to the ones that are already using the traditional model?
Cultural difference between West and East also play a confounding role in trying to analyze these data, as views on aging and disability are quite different.
A recent survey (Plotnick & Dybala, 2017) of 809 adults was conducted to assess their opinion of a potential OTC hearing aid. The sample was adults aged 50 years and older, geographically and socioeconomically diverse, and most had little experience with hearing aids; this is thought to be emblematic of the market interested in low cost OTC hearing devices.
The results indicated that 93.8% of survey respondents considered the involvement of a hearing care professional in the selection, fitting, and programming of a hearing aid to be either very important or absolutely important. Interestingly, 95.3% of respondents were only willing to spend $200 or less on an OTC hearing aid (Plotnick & Dybala, 2017).
On the whole, consumers understand the potential benefits of direct-to-consumer hearing aids, but they also express reservations and a preference for the involvement of an audiologist (Kochkin, 2014; Chandra & Searchfield, 2016; Plotnick & Dybala, 2017).
In a semi-structured interview survey of 18 older adults (Chandra & Searchfield, 2016), the perception of internet-purchased HAs is mixed. Most participants were unaware that hearing aids can be purchased online. When the process was described to them, several themes emerged from participants' responses. They recognized potential benefits of purchasing aids online, such as perceived lower cost and increased convenience and physical accessibility.
There were reservations among participants about purchasing aids online, though, including whether and how clinical procedures would be performed in the assessment and fitting of hearing aids; procedures noted were hearing evaluation, fine-tuning of hearing aids, and physical ear mold modifications.
Participants also conveyed a general distrust of online retailers, which included a lack of trustworthiness, a lack of trust in the brand of hearing aid, and a fear of scammers. Several participants stated that they preferred involvement of an experienced professional in the hearing aid fitting process, and they considered this type of expert advice and support to not be available in an online retail framework (Chandra & Searchfield, 2016).
Similar results were found in a survey asking 80 older adults about their perception of a hearing aid which is self-fit without the involvement of an audiologist (Convery et al., 2011). Participants noted potential benefits such as increased convenience and the ability to self-adjust the device, however they also expressed a preference for professional guidance through the fitting process.
About half of the participants responded affirmatively to all three of the following: that a self-fitting aid was a good idea, that it would be of personal benefit, and that it could be managed independently by the user (Convery et al., 2011).
The way I interpret these data is that OTC devices will produce mixed results, helping a sizeable proportion of customers but leaving many others unsatisfied. From the relatively limited evidence that exists, the proportion of successful OTC consumers, characterized as those that are at least somewhat satisfied or have at least moderate improvement in QOL, ranges from 39-58% (Hougaard, 2013; Kochkin, 2014; Convery et al., 2015; Convery et al., 2016; Tedeschi & Kihm, 2016; Humes et al., 2017).
For individuals that are successful with the devices, OTCs represent a high value product that may improve hearing, reduce the handicap associated with hearing loss, and increase quality of life (PCAST, 2015). This represents a public health boon that audiologists should support. However, although OTCs provide decent benefit and great value, an overwhelming majority of patients have reservations about self-care and still want a professional to be involved in the process (Convery et al., 2011; Kochkin, 2014; Chandra & Searchfield, 2016; Plotnick & Dybala, 2017).
OTCs may be a reasonable self-treatment option, used in conjunction with professional collaboration, for the vast majority of people with mild-to-moderate hearing loss who do not seek treatment from the traditional hearing healthcare delivery model (see below).
Although they have the potential to make a positive public health impact, OTC devices have significant weaknesses and don't fix non-cost-related reasons why people don't wear hearing aids. The legislation and OTC devices themselves fail to overcome the stigma associated with wearing hearing aids or the difficulties that individuals in the target market have with dexterity problems, among other shortcomings. The focus on OTC devices fails to address the importance of family and community support networks and self-management of hearing loss in difficult listening situations (Hogan et al., 2015).
In the fight-or-flight decision over OTC hearing aids, the obvious choice is fight. Ironically, I don't mean fight the legislation or fight change in general. I mean fight the urge to give up.
Anyone suggesting that OTCs will take down our profession is implicitly saying that our knowledge and skills can be replaced by a device and a CVS clerk. To that I say: come at me, bro!
I find that sentiment to be utterly ridiculous, and the evidence clearly suggests that patients want a professional's involvement in the hearing aid process. Future-thinking audiologists should see OTCs as an opportunity, and they should be prepared to augment the hearing healthcare of both satisfied and unsatisfied OTC users. For patients who are experiencing success with OTC devices, audiologists have a role in objectively documenting their status and adding value via counseling, real ear measures, speech in noise testing, and validation questionnaires.
For OTC users who are not satisfied with their devices, the audiologist has a role in improving their performance and introducing them to services and devices that may provide more benefit including aural rehabilitation, hearing assistive technologies, and traditional hearing aids.
In a more general sense, the future will bring more change to our profession, not less. If we think every threat will end us, and our strategy is to be discouraged and run away, then this will become a self-fulfilling prophecy. One example of this I have seen is people explicitly discouraging potential audiology students from joining the profession. I'm all for giving people the whole truth and letting them decide for themselves, but in my opinion this recommendation and this attitude in general, is a much, much, much greater threat to the profession than OTC devices.
In conclusion, the OTC conversation has stirred the pot tremendously, but I hope the information presented in this series will calm some nerves. In my opinion OTCs will not trivialize our profession, and they will help (to some degree) millions of people who have previously not engaged with hearing healthcare. As audiologists, our core mission is to help people communicate better, not to help them communicate better with hearing aids, on our terms.
We should be excited to help people hear better regardless of whether the technology we employ is via an app, OTC, hearing aid, cochlear implant, or even hair cell regeneration.
Chandra, N., & Searchfield, G. D. (2016). Perceptions Toward Internet-Based Delivery of HAs among Older Hearing-Impaired Adults. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 27(6), 441-457.
Convery, E., Keidser, G., & Hartley, L. (2011). Perception of a self-fitting hearing aid among urban-dwelling hearing-impaired adults in a developed country. Trends in Amplification, 15(4), 175-183.
Convery, E., Keidser, G., Seeto, M., Yeend, I., & Freeston, K. (2015). Factors affecting reliability and validity of self-directed automatic in situ audiometry: Implications for self-fitting hearing aids. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 26(1), 5-18.
Convery, E., Keidser, G., Seeto, M., & McLelland, M. (2016). Evaluation of the self-fitting process with a commercially available hearing aid. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology.
Hogan, A., Phillips, R. L., Brumby, S. A., Williams, W., & Mercer-Grant, C. (2015). Higher social distress and lower psycho-social wellbeing: examining the coping capacity and health of people with hearing impairment. Disability and Rehabilitation, 37(22), 2070-2075.
Hougaard, S., Ruf, S., & Egger, C. (2013). EuroTrak+ JapanTrak 2012: Societal and personal benefits of hearing rehabilitation with hearing aids. Hearing Review, 20(3), 16-26.
Humes, L. E., Rogers, S. E., Quigley, T. M., Main, A. K., Kinney, D. L., & Herring, C. (2017). The Effects of Service-Delivery Model and Purchase Price on Hearing-Aid Outcomes in Older Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. American Journal of Audiology, 26(1), 53-79.
Keidser, G., & Convery, E. (2016). Self-fitting hearing aids: Status quo and future predictions. Trends in Hearing, 20, 2331216516643284.
Kochkin, S. (2007). MarkeTrak VII: Obstacles to adult non‐user adoption of hearing aids. The Hearing Journal, 60(4), 24-51.
Kochkin, S. (2012). MarkeTrak VIII: The key influencing factors in hearing aid purchase intent. Hearing Review, 19(3), 12-25.
Kochkin, S. A Comparison of Consumer Satisfaction, Subjective Benefit, and Quality of Life Changes Associated with Traditional and Direct-mail Hearing Aid Use. Hearing Review. Published on January 8, 2014.
Plotnick, B., & Dybala, P. (2017, April 06). OTC hearing aids – survey says consumers aren't sold. Retrieved April 16, 2017.
The logic of this article totally ignores the of psychosocial and psychological barriers that hold back the hearing impaired from getting help with their hearing aids. Japan's hearing aid satisfaction rate is incredibly low precisely because of the OTC phenomena and the fact that unlicensed dispensers have a super highway to promoting their inferior wares and those abide by the ethics and regulations of the field are strapped down from competing.
Big money from companies like Bose, Samsung, Sony, etc. in the form of campaign contributions to politicians like Senator Elizabeth Warren and others are what is driving the political process into turning a blind eye to the deeper reasons we should all be opposed to this Trojan Horse of feel good legislation.
HLAA is supporting it for purely erroneous reasons. They are unwittingly about to demolish the FDA consumer safety net and are exposing at least 85% of the hearing impaired to an army of unlicensed dispensers who will have no obligations to do any more than give unsuspecting consumers a slick sales pitch, a brochure of cautions that few will read, and a device that won't fit and likely not be worn but by few purchasers. Meanwhile, the unsatisfied consumer will say, "I tried hearing aids and they didn't work for me". There is no consolation that this so called "disruption" is a good thing fur anybody but the erstwhile electronics firms that are posed to take over and introduce a trail of disillusionment to the hearing aid field.
Garrett: First of all, I very much appreciate the many hours you put into preparing this article. It is clear that you are trying to help audiologists and dispensers feel better about the future of their profession. Despite my following comments, I thank you for your efforts and courtesy.
I understand that the OTC issue is complicated and controversial. However, I share a differing opinion, based upon my 35+ years in the industry dispensing hearing instruments and visiting hundreds of hearing aid practices, while working for a major hearing aid manufacturer. I also talk to audiologists and dispensers on a daily basis, regarding their sincere concerns.
Costco hearing aid dispensing has become the largest player in the industry. Some Costco stores now have as many as four sound booths. You mentioned, "The evidence clearly suggests that patients want a professional's involvement in the hearing aid process." While that may be true in many cases, the exponential growth of Costco hearing aid centers would suggest otherwise, in a great many cases.
You also write, "For patients who are experiencing success with OTC devices, audiologists have a role in objectively documenting their status and adding value via counseling, real ear measures, speech in noise testing, and validation questionnaires." That might certainly be true, but from a business perspective, counseling, Real Ear and validation questionnaires do not pay the rent. The reality of the modern audiology practice is that the vast majority of revenue comes from hearing instrument purchases. If the OTC market pulls a significant amount of that revenue away from the audiology community, your optimistic scenario is likely far too optimistic. I hope that my somewhat pessimistic outlook is inaccurate and that the OTC issue will end up being a positive. However, we live in a changing world, where a large number of formerly solid companies are now struggling or have disappeared. Let's hope that audiology finds its way through this potentially difficult transition.


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Kaaris biography | Age, Early Life, Net Worth
Kaaris biography. Image source: Instagram/Kaarisofficiel1
What is Kaaris's Net Worth
Name: Okou Eli Armand Olivier Gnakouri
Occupation: Rapper
Kaaris is an Ivorian-born French rapper, record producer, and composer signed to Tallac Records.
Okou Eli Armand Olivier Gnakouri, popularly known as Kaaris, was born on January 30, 1980, in Cocody, Abidjan, to Ivory Coast parents.
He grew up as the son of emigrants in Sevran, Paris. Not much is known of the Ivorian rapper's life before fame or his parents.
Image source: Instagram/Kaarisofficiel1
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His rapping career started in 1999, and he released his first mixtape in 2001. He was part of the hip-hop collective RGT in Sevran.
He decided to return to Ivory Coast to stay for a while but had to move back to France due to the uprise of political unrest.
In 2007, he released his street album "Quarante-troisième Bima," known as 43ème; the album's success led to his signing into the music label French Cut Music.
Later on, he met with French rapper Booba and music producer Therapy, who allowed him to feature in Booba's song "Criminelle league," which was released as part of Booba's Autopsie Vol. 4.
His steady rise in fame had begun by this time, and he had his first charting hit, "Kalash," which was credited to Booba as a single in Booba's album Futur.
He co-writes most of his music with a record producer duo made up of producers in 2031 and 2093.
In August 2018, a fight ensued between Booba and Kaaris at Hall 1 in Paris Orly airport, leading the airport authorities to shut down the hall temporarily.
He was then suspended for 18-month and fined €50,000 for the scuffle.
His central album Noir was released in October 2013 by Therapy Music / AZ / Universal Music.
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Kaaris have not been linked romantically to anyone, so it is assumed that he is single.
The Ivorian rapper keeps his private life; information about his relationship is not publicly known.
A large amount of his income is attributed mainly to his success as a Music Producer.
His net worth is estimated to be between $1 Million – $5 Million as of 2021.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There were 3 DNFs in May – The Seventh Bride which was boring and childish. I went in expecting a dark fantasy but I think it's good for middle grade children, not even for YA. The Black Tides of Heaven did not impress me with its writing or the characters. I just did not get sucked into the story for some reason. New York 2140 was boring too. I tried physical as well as audio version but just did not seem to like it. I read all these for Hugo. The Black Tides of Heaven and New York 2140 have been nominated for Hugo awards this year.
Great book about domestic violence. I did an entire review of this book. Link for the review is here.
A space opera with some interesting characters and plot. My full review of this book is here.
I liked the idea behind this book, but not the recipes mentioned in it. Like many people have mentioned in their reviews, it did change my thinking towards cooking. Instead of deciding on a recipe to cook and then searching for vegetables to add to it, the author talks about a different approach where you just make something with what you have. This book is great for someone who is trying to lead a minimalistic life. I loved the way author simplifies cooking and breaks down the whole process. The only problem I had was that most of the recipes and ideas are European – mostly Italian and French and the author keeps using few ingredients like olive oil, butter, parsley in every single dish she mentions. She does mention Mediterranean and Asian/Indian cooking few times but wish she had considered different cuisines while writing this book.
Still this is a great book to have along with your cookbooks. Highly recommend it for people who are interested in learning the art of cooking and for those who are not interested in blindly following recipes.
I read this in anticipation of my London trip. It is loaded with a lot of info about London based writers but not the kind of info I was expecting to find. If you are traveling to London and want to know more about the literary places there, this is not the book you should be reading. If you are a casual reader just trying to learn about some not-so-well known British authors, then this book will work for you. The authors spend most of their time talking about authors that I have never heard of and don't really care about. I am more interested in locations associated with well known authors, which they hardly talk about.
Many of the famous authors like Somerset Maugham, Jane Austen aren't even mentioned in passing. And some of the other prolific authors like Enid Blyton are mentioned in passing, while talking about A.A.Milne. They talk about Charlotte and Anne Bronte and there is no mention of Emily Bronte.
If you call your book"Literary London", make it comprehensive enough to at least cover all the famous authors and their works. You cannot choose to include only authors that you might be interested in.
Also the locations and anecdotes mentioned mostly had something to do with someone's personal life. I wish they had focused more on the writing careers than gossips about the authors' love affairs.
It was an okay one time read.
This is a great history book about Longitude problem and how it was solved. But this is more like an essay than a well researched book. I wish the author had spent more time in understanding how these timekeepers or the lunar distance method worked, instead of just mentioning that they were complex methods. I wish the book had some of these designs reproduced, some sketches that indicated how these longitude deduction methods worked. What this book lacked was mathematics and science. The author briefly touches upon the important events and people who were involved in solving the Longitude problem but nothing is explained in detail. Still a good book to read before you visit Greenwich observatory, just to get some context on Prime Meridian.
I had already gushed about this author and his books in this post here. I saw this book while browsing in my local library and picked it up. This is a quick and easy read which hardly takes 10-15 mins to read. It's a humorous take on parenting as the author interacts with his two young kids in this graphical novel. Loved it. Good for parents who are in need of a good laugh.
Funny just like the first book in this series. Most of the comic strips are about the author teasing his children and having fun with them. Loved it.
I liked the concept of this book but somehow wasn't a huge fan of the story. But I must give credit for what is a fresh original story. This is about a boy Tommy who features in a Harry Potter-esque fantasy series that his father has created with him as the main protagonist. There are some scenes from this fantasy series and they sound almost like Harry Potter. So in some way it resembles Fangirl(Rainbow Rowell might have stolen the idea from this book). I did like these scenes randomly inserted in the book too.
The story starts with the author going missing while his son tries to make a living out of the popularity of the series. His story resembles that of Christopher Robin who disliked the fact that his father used him in his Winnie The Pooh books. But after that, the story takes a dark turning and becomes violent and dark, which I wasn't expecting at all. And there are some fantasy elements too – a secret league which seems to be getting rid of authors they dislike or something. Tommy is also trying to figure out if his father was indeed his real father. Nice concept but somewhere the execution wasn't perfect. I thought this would be more of an emotional journey, didn't know this was a violent brutal story. Artwork was great.
This started out as a weird book but I liked the direction it took later. In a place where orderliness and tidiness is the norm, a beard starts growing from a man which creates chaos. This snowballs into people realizing that it's okay to be different and everything doesn't have to look tidy. Interesting story and the art work even though it was simplistic, it worked for the story and conveyed what the author was trying to say. Loved it.


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Q: having ts error when adding custom commands with addCommand (webdriverio) I'm adding function with addCommand, and get the following error when i use it:
[ts] Property 'WaitForElementsAmount' does not exist on type 'Client<void>'.

for example:
browser.addCommand("test" , () => {console.log("test"); })
browser.test();

the last line will have the error.
It actually works (the js code is correct), and test runs well.
My question is how can i solve this issue?

A: I struggled with this same problem for quite a while today, but I got it.
Assuming that you're using @types/webdriverio, you need to extend the WebdriverIO.Client interface with the declaration of your custom commands.  If you can, make sure your custom command is defined in a .ts file.  Then you can do something like this:
declare global {
    namespace WebdriverIO {
        interface Client<T> {
            doCustomThing: typeof doCustomThing;
        }
    }
}

function doCustomThing() {
    console.log("test");
}

//both of these should now work
browser.addCommand('doCustomThing' , doCustomThing)
browser.doCustomThing();

If you can't get your custom commands implemented in typescript, you can still declare them separately in a .d.ts file that looks like this:
declare namespace WebdriverIO {
    interface Client<T> {
        doCustomThing(): void;
    }
}

But then you have to maintain a separate declaration and implementation in separate files, and make sure they stay in sync.  I would not go that route unless you have no choice but to keep the implementation in plain JS.
This was tested successfully using Typescript 2.6.1, webdriverio 4.9.10, and @types/webdriverio 4.8.6.
Note: In the first example, you must specify that you are changing the definition of the WebdriverIO namespace in the global scope, but in the second, you are working in the global scope implicitly.  That's because the first is within a module, while the second is not a module since it doesn't import or export anything.  For more info, see https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/modules.html.

A: First: There is some typo error in your code, you are missing to close the browser.addCommand(). Should be something like this :
browser.addCommand("test" , () => {console.log("test"); });
browser.test();

Second: I think that was only a typo error while you typed in here, so the actual answer would be to follow this link to know more about declaring the custom commands and implementing them :
Where do I add custom commands in WebdriverIO with wdio testrunner?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The already best-in-class Racing 5 wheelset goes from high to higher performance thanks to its new design.
The same qualities that have made the Racing 5 LG such a popular wheelset in the past combine new elements in order to make an affordable but also race ready wheel. The 20 spoke design in addition to the 17C wide asymmetric rear rim profile offers remarkable performance in terms of both increased lateral and torsional rigidity as well as increased reactivity. The new design allows for more homogenous spoke tensions and makes for a sturdier, higher performing wheelset.
Rim dynamic balance: The concept is simple and elegant: balance the weight of the gasket, with an item of similar weight placed on the exact opposite side. It is obtained by using two oversized spokes in the section opposite the joint. The result is a wheel with perfectly balanced rotational dynamics.
Anti-Rotation System™: Spokes and the hub housings are constructed to create a solid and unmovable whole. The result is that the spokes never lose their initial tension.
Traceability: A guarantee of quality - the little lable will provide you a guarantee in case of an ascertained defectiveness of a production batch, and so the component needed or wheel will be traceable.
Wide Rim Tech: Its greater width makes it a perfect fit for tyres of 28mm upwards.
Differentiated rim height: 24.5 mm at the front to provide optimal handling and 27,5 mm at the rear for transmitting all your power to the wheel.
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TH E M R EP O RT | 61 SECONDARY MARKET THE LATEST O R I G I NAT I O N S E R V I C I N G DATA G O V E R N M E N T S E C O N DA R Y M A R K E T i n m e m o r i a m laurie anne maggiano (1954-2018) "A life well lived is the most exquisite work of art." We are saddened by the recent passing of Laurie Anne Maggiano. A public servant and champion for homeowners, Maggiano represented the best of our industry and worked with a tireless passion to encourage homeownership. More importantly, she was a devoted mother and grandmother, dedicated to her family and local community. The Five Star Institute celebrates the memory of this cherished leader and her work furthering the opportunity of homeownership across our great nation. property preservation executive forum A Five Star Institute Organization American Mortgage Diversity Council Where Diverse Groups Share Common Goals.


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Home»Blogs»BJE's blog
BJE Helps Jewish Schools Plan for Re-Entry
When the Covid-19 pandemic forced closure of all schools, the Jewish school community in Los Angeles didn't have to look far for support – BJE has had professional networks in place for years, including day school, early childhood and part-time religious schools.
Almost immediately, BJE began to convene the various professional networks by zoom, and participation is at an all-time high.
According to Rabbi Jim Rogozen, Director of BJE's Center for Excellence in Early Childhood and Day School Education, the increase in the number of meetings reflects the constant desire of all of our teachers and administrators to do their best in an uncertain environment. Network members have given feedback, shared ideas, and offered advice and comfort to their colleagues. These ideas, as well as the emotional support, have helped schools create programs and protocols to support teachers, students and families during this unique period in history.
For early childhood programs, there is particular focus on the question of reentry, because their programs are not as easily transferred to an online format. With leadership from BJE's Early Childhood Education Specialist, Carly Rosenstein, educators are doing extraordinary research and planning for re-opening, and collaborating and sharing with colleagues even more than usual.
BJE assisted the ECCs to jointly order over 800 teacher masks with clear inserts so that children can see their teachers' faces and continue to learn facial cues.
Katie Kang, ECC Director at Temple Menorah, shared a presentation with the group about the steps she took to reopen her school (the first of the schools in BJE's network to reopen).
Tamar Andrews, ECC Director at Temple Isaiah, helped develop a document that can be shared with schools, parents, and the community about the considerations taken to reopen schools safely during this time. This document has now been shared with BJE's entire ECC directors' network to use and adapt to their own schools.
Nearly 300 educators either participated in, or viewed later, a BJE-hosted presentation by psychologist Dr. Mason Sommers, about how educators can manage their own anxieties about reentry.
Future sessions will include:
A session with Dr. Maxine Mintzer, child psychologist, who will speak to some of the concerns and considerations around the wellbeing of the children as they re-enter school.
Teachers at Temple Menorah, will highlight the actual steps they took to re-setup their classrooms, prepare the kids over Zoom in advance, and the lessons they did their first week back to school.
Representing BJE-affiliated schools as part of the California Association of Private School Organizations (CAPSO), BJE – as other representatives of private school networks in the state – recently gathered information requested from day schools and early childhood centers to help facilitate distribution of certain personal protective equipment by the State of California to these schools in advance of the new school year.
In religious schools, David Lewis, Director of BJE's Center for Excellence in Part-Time Jewish Education, sees the same discussions, as administrators seek support in planning for the months ahead.
BJE has 30 administrators signed up to participate in ongoing zoom session addressing Preparing for 5781 – representing a very substantial majority of the L.A. community's Religious Schools.
Every Tuesday and Thursday throughout the pandemic period, BJE has held open meetings for drop-ins, with 20 or more educators showing up for each one, seeking support and collaboration.
Every Thursday at least through summer the BJE professional team will be working with schools on re-entry strategies, helping them identify their ideal structure through next year, with many looking at a hybrid model.
A key focus of BJE's sessions will be on improving skills with technology-based teaching tools, with members of the network sharing their expertise with others.
All school administrators have been following the deliberations of public health officials, national and local education organizations, and local school districts. While our BJE-affiliated administrators are quite aware of the arguments in favor of opening or remaining closed, all feel their first responsibility is to ensure the health and safety of their students and faculty members.
For more information about the work BJE is doing to help schools and the broader community with issues surrounding Covid-19, click here.
BJE's blog


UPDATE: An additional forum date announced.
At yesterday's executive briefing, Metro's planning officials announced the dates and locations for the first round of public engagement meetings for the long-range planning process. We're posting the schedule here, and you can expect an announcement of the long-range plan website prior to the first meeting on October 13. Please spread the word about these meetings and encourage your friends, neighbors, co-workers, elected officials, barristas, and family members to come to these forums – and bring their opinions.
You are welcome at any and all of these public meetings, of course, but they are being held at different locations throughout the region to ensure maximum public engagement.
I would like to share this on my other social networks can u make that an option (I.e facebook, linked in, myspace)?
I will look into that but it probably won't result in anything until next week. Currently we have Digg, Stumble, del.icio.us, reddit, Yahoo, and Google social links but I was just looking at icons yesterday for adding more!
If you go to the fan page of Metro St. Louis Transit on Facebook, you can share specific posts on your wall. That is at least an interim solution until we can add a Facebook share widget sometime soon.
If you take the link from this post and paste it into your wall, it will show up as a post. Good way to share with all of your Facebook friends. Use one of the link-shortening tools like bit.ly to paste link into your Twitter account. Thanks for trying to pass the word along!
Any way in the future that Metro can start having "online" meetings? I am sure there are people who can't make the meetings based on their location and time schedule. Or even they may avoid large groups of people.
Actually, that's something we'd like to do during this project but we're not sure if we'll have the time to pull it together. However, the meeting materials will be online and you will certainly be able to get the information and then provide us with feedback through the website.


Nobody loses gracefully and easily, but there is a way to go about it.
My wife cooks, I clean. Then I go to practice, come home, and take a two hour nap. I wake up, shave my head, then it's time to ball.
I am a big music guy. Hip-hop, R&B, old school, jazz.
I drive a Range Rover almost every day, but my favorite is my '69 SS Camaro.
In any rebuilding process, I feel like there's probably going to be two or three coaches.
Everybody has their own desires.
It wasn't that I knew Kyrie wanted to be traded or not, or him and LeBron had a beef. I don't know any of those things.
What bothered me more than if LeBron left or not was that I didn't think they had great assets if you have to do a rebuild. It was more that than Bron. Bron and I have always had an amazing relationship.
I love my life. I love this ESPN thing; it's been fun.
That's kind of been my entire career, the stress and pressure.
I can remember me and my cousin always fighting. He was a big Bulls and Michael Jordan guy.
For me, I think Andre Drummond is going to be a superstar. We didn't have that. We had a lot of very good players. I think Drummond will be a superstar if he continues to work. The media, everyone is behind him.
I think the most important position in the league now is the point guard.
I'm the kind of guy who has to be two feet in if I am going to give my best effort, so broadcasting is something I'm looking at long-term.
I'm thinking about being the best I can be at ESPN in the studio.
There is a good and a bad way to handle everything.
The kind of leader and teammate that I was, at every stop I made, I was always honest with guys and honest with myself. I think that was the reason I grew to have the reputation I had in the league.
Me not being able to play the way that I can play, that's when you kind of know it's that time.
The game was very, very good to me. I felt like I was equally as good to the game the way I played it and the way I respected it and the way I carried myself through the process.
I persevered, sustained, and continued to work hard and finally got my opportunity in Detroit, and I never turned back from that point. That's what made it so sweet to me to win a championship after what I went through. I had to scrap and fight to get through it, and to reach the pinnacle made it even sweeter.
I wanted to be one of the best players of my era at my position. And I did that, and I earned that. No one gave that to me. I earned every single thing.
I got into a lot of fights, but it wasn't because of my name. Being from the neighborhood with a name like Chauncey, people think I got picked on. But a lot of strange names come out of the neighborhood.
People only see you on TV and riding around like stars, but they don't see behind the scenes how much time you have to put in working out. The lifting, the eating habits, trying to change all that so you can be that guy on TV, to be a baller, that's what people don't understand.
We don't just hop out of bed, scratch our eyes, and become an NBA baller. It's a process. It's a tough grind that you have to go through that people don't understand.
Anytime you can grace the cover of any videogame, that means that you're on that level. That you're one of the best.


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Student opinions on gun control
Caroline Ster
The recent school shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida has sparked conversations among students about gun control. According to a survey put out by Mustang News Feb. 20, 83 percent of respondents supported stricter gun control laws in the United States, while 17 percent opposed.
For some students, including chemistry freshman Natali Markowitz, the school shooting in Florida impacted their opinions on gun control.
"It definitely strengthened my opinion because not only was the shooting a lot more personal for me because it's where I'm from, but it's just another example of how not strict gun control is in this country, and [it] really shows how we need to change it," Markowitz said.
Upon hearing about the movement to send supportive banners to Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, Markowitz organized an event encouraging Cal Poly students to stop by the University Union Plaza to sign a banner that has been sent to the high school. All of the banners were hung when the students of Marjory Stoneman Douglas returned to school Feb. 27.
"Once it hits close to home, it really just shows you a different perspective, especially with kids our age," Markowitz said. "These are 17 lives that are kids our age that'll never be able to make more memories that we will."
Many students are calling for change, some focused on stricter gun control and some focused on better care for people overall.
"There's too much glorification over firearms, and I think that if more people were less gung-ho about absolutism in their opinions, I think we could make some more progress," history sophomore Nevada Shannahan said.
Shannahan supports the policy to treat guns like cars and ensure gun owners have gone through training and reevaluations.
When addressing that the right to bear arms is stated in the Constitution, Shannahan said the Founding Fathers would never have believed that in 200 years, you could have something that would wipe out a crowd of people with such ease.
"Doing nothing only lets the problem continue, and doing anything can be a move in the right direction," Shannahan said.
While some students think the issue can be resolved with more gun control, other students believe the gun is not the source of the problem.
"There's a reason that in the Constitution, our Second Amendment is the right to bear arms," environmental earth and soil science sophomore Sophia Ortiz said.
Ortiz said that at the time, it was a self-protection sort of freedom.
"Overall, that is still the case — nothing's changed there — but at the same time you need to look out for people who aren't looking to protect themselves, that are going out and trying to be violent," Ortiz said.
While Ortiz said what happened in Florida is terrible, she does not think the issue stops at gun control. Instead, she said we should focus on better care for people in general.
"It's not the gun's fault, it's the person pulling the trigger," Ortiz said.
Video by Nicolas Gonzalez
She explained that people with any mental issues or people who are going through something that might make them violent and angry at a group of people is what should be monitored in order to prevent something like a school shooting.
"If you don't take care of the people, bad things happen," Ortiz said.
Tags anti gun control Cal Poly gun control Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School movement pro gun control right to bear arms student opinions