"Fuel Cell Science and Engineering: Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology" is a very comprehensive review of the current status of this technology. The book's editors, Detlef Stolten and Bernd Emonts of the Institute of Energy and Climate Research at Forschungcentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany, have a long history of working in the field of fuel cell research. Professor Detlef Stolten is the Director of the Institute of Energy Research – Fuel Cells at the Research Centre Jülich, Germany, and received his doctorate from the University of Technology at Clausthal, Germany. He served many years as a Research Scientist in the laboratories of Robert Bosch and Daimler Benz/Dornier. Professor Stolten's research focuses on electrochemical energy engineering including electrochemistry and energy process engineering of electrolysis, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) systems. Bernd Emonts is the Deputy Director of the Institute of Energy Research at the Jülich Research Centre, Germany. He was awarded his PhD on the fundamentals of mechanical engineering from RWTH Aachen University, Germany, in 1989. Emonts has been involved in extensive research and development projects in the areas of catalytic combustion and energy systems with low-temperature fuel cells and has published extensively in the field of fuel cells.
The present book is divided into eight sections that cover virtually all aspects of the current research effort in fuel cells, beginning with reviews of the various fuel cell technologies themselves, followed by sections on materials and manufacturing issues, diagnostics, quality assurance, modelling and simulation, balance of plant design and components, system demonstrations and market introduction, and finally knowledge distribution and public awareness. There are 71 contributing authors, 20 of these being colleagues from the editors' research centre at Jülich. Other contributors include representatives from other German laboratories, US Department of Energy (DOE) laboratories, and a number of academic institutions from the Western Hemisphere. There is however a notable lack of contributions from Japan and Korea, both key centres of hydrogen and fuel cell research.
Platinum group metals (pgms) are mentioned sporadically throughout the entire book. For example platinum catalyst loadings are mentioned four times in Chapter 1, 'Technical Advancement of Fuel-Cell Research and Development' by Bernd Emonts and colleagues. The first mention is to inform the reader that direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have Pt catalyst loadings of 4 to 16 mg cm−2. Later we are told that a specific DMFC light traction vehicle (for example, a go-cart) required >11 mg cm−2 and has been demonstrated in Germany. On a more promising note, Daimler already has, and General Motors (GM) aims to achieve by 2013, a per vehicle Pt catalyst requirement of 30 g. In the conclusion of this chapter the minimum loading for a DMFC of 4 mg cm−2 is deemed to be a significant barrier to commercialisation and the 30 g per vehicle statistic is seen as being extremely promising.
The pgms are mentioned next in Chapter 4, 'Alkaline Fuel Cells' by Erich Gülzow (German Aerospace Center (DLR), Stuttgart, Germany), but only to say they are good but that porous nickel can be used instead of Pt for terrestrial applications. Pt, however, is the best choice for use in space applications.
In Chapter 7 on 'Micro-Reactors for Fuel Processing' by Gunther Kolb (Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz GmbH (IMM), Germany), platinum and palladium are both mentioned as alternatives to copper-zinc oxide for methanol steam reforming. Several of the references for this chapter deal with rhodium-based catalysts for fuel processing but this pgm is not mentioned in the text of the chapter.
In Chapter 8, on 'Regenerative Fuel Cells', by Martin Müller (Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IEK-3, Germany) the catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysers cover the entire span of pgms. Pt is considered the best choice for hydrogen evolution. For the oxygen evolution reaction the order of catalytic activity is: iridium/ruthenium > iridium > rhodium > platinum. For a unitised regenerative polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) the catalyst of choice for the oxygen electrode is a Pt/Ir blend with Pt coated Ir oxide being mentioned as a promising concept.
In Chapter 14 on 'Nanostructured Materials for Fuel Cells' by John F. Elter (Sustainable Systems LLC and University of Albany, State University of New York, USA) delves into the area of Pt alloys with discussion of Pt-Ru, platinum-tin and platinum-cobalt. The classic volcano plot showing that Pt provides a maximum current density for the hydrogen evolution reaction provides an interesting picture of how the pgms rate for this benchmark electrochemical reaction. Later in this chapter a very interesting figure is provided showing how activity is influenced by the relationship between oxygen binding energy and hydroxyl binding energy (Figure 1) (1). This leads into a very interesting discussion on Pt3M alloys, where M = nickel, cobalt, iron, vanadium or titanium, that reviews the work of Markovic and coworkers (2). This prefaces the perhaps even more intriguing description of the core–shell catalysts developed by Adzic and coworkers (3). The shell is Pt on a Pd or Pd3Co core.
The discussion of pgms continues with a section on the nanostructured thin film (NSTF) electrode that is being developed by 3M, who claim that they can achieve a total pgm content of less than 0.18 mgPt kW−1 (this would be approximately 9 g of Pt for a 50 kW automobile engine if it were a practical electrode). Furthermore, 3M believe that they can meet the elusive mass current density target set by the US DOE of 0.44 A mgPt−1 by using a Pt3Ni7 alloy. Other work being done on using Pt-NSTFs on various oxide whisker supports is also promising in terms of reducing catalyst costs for PEMFCs.
Chapter 15, 'Catalysis in Low Temperature Fuel Cells – an Overview', by Sabine Schimpf and Michael Bron (Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany), completes the section on materials and manufacturing. They provide a review of Pt-based catalysts including a volcano plot of the Pt3M alloys (4) discussed in Chapter 14 by Elter. The core–shell work is also reviewed. There are interesting discussions on non-pgm catalysts and Pt-free noble metal catalysts. The main conclusions are that non-pgms cannot compete with Pt and that Pd-Co and Pd-V alloys were of similar activity to Pt.
This chapter also opens the topic of electrocatalyst degradation. Catalyst ripening (or particle-size growth) is mentioned but the topic of catalyst support corrosion is given more attention. Intriguingly, this chapter also covers the area of catalysts for hydrogen production but in a relatively superficial way. Ni, Pt, Pd, Rh and Ru are listed as being suitable catalysts for steam reforming, partial oxidation and autothermal reforming of hydrocarbons.
Chapter 20, 'Degradation Caused by Dynamic Operation and Starvation Conditions', by Jan Hendrik Ohs, Ulrich S. Sauter and Sebastian Maass (Robert Bosch GmbH, Germany) provides insights into Pt catalyst degradation in PEMFC electrodes. There is an interesting comparison of the Pourbaix diagrams of carbon and Pt. The oxidation of Pt is clearly visible for potentials above 0.8 V but clearly the corrosion of C is problematic over a much wider operating range of potential. The possibility of Pt leaving the electrode structure as Pt2+ ions that are then precipitated in an isolated and inactive band within the membrane is described as 'catalyst islanding'.
Chapter 30, 'Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel-Cell Components', by Yun Wang (University of California, Irvine, USA) and Ken S. Chen (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, USA), examines the use of high-fidelity modelling of the catalyst layer to optimise the composition in terms of pore structure and proportions of Pt, C and ionomer.
Chapter 35, 'Design Criteria and Components for Fuel Cell Powertrains', by Lutz Eckstein and Bruno Gnörich (RWTH Aachen University, Germany) provides a very detailed overview of the design options for fuel cell power trains. Several interesting statistics are cited. Firstly, that for 500,000 units per year production, fuel cell systems could be produced for 67 €/kW of which 42 €/kW is associated with the fuel cell stack and 17% of the total system cost is for Pt. This is further put into perspective by comparing a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) 90 kW drivetrain cost of €800 versus €13,594 for the PEMFC equivalent.
The penultimate section on System Verification and Market Introduction, Chapters 37 and 38 'Off-Grid Power Supply and Premium Power Generation' by Kerry-Ann Adamson (Pike Research – Cleantech Market Intelligence, UK) and 'Demonstration Projects and Market Introduction' by Kristin Deason (NOW GmbH, Germany), provides encouraging reviews of successful demonstrations and promising markets.
The final section on Knowledge Distribution and Public Awareness is a useful supplement to the purely technical content. It includes a survey of current national and international organisations promoting hydrogen and fuel cells along with a short commentary on the need to increase efforts to educate the public about hydrogen as a fuel.
The book, "Fuel Cell Science and Engineering: Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology", is a very informative reference regarding the current progress in a very wide range of topics in fuel cell research and development. There is some duplication within the various chapters and many chapters begin with the standard description of what a fuel cell is and how it is a clean electrochemical energy conversion device. As can be seen from the above review, only nine of the forty-one chapters speak directly to the issue of pgm usage in fuel cells and fuel cell systems. Chapter 14, in particular, does an excellent job of reviewing the very interesting developments in reducing Pt loading using alloys and nano-structures. A considerable amount of the book is devoted to SOFC development that has little relevance to pgm except perhaps with respect to recent hydrocarbon reforming catalysts using Rh and other pgms although this work was not well covered. Overall, however, the book does indicate that there is reason to be optimistic regarding the potential for fuel cell automobiles to compete with current battery electric vehicles in the near future.
For researchers who already have some history with fuel cells and want to maintain their knowledge of the general progress of fuel cell research this could be a useful addition to one's personal library. For those specifically interested in pgm catalysis for fuel cells, I would recommend the book "Catalysis in Electrochemistry: From Fundamentals to Strategies for Fuel Cell Development" (5).
Brant A. Peppley has been working in the field of fuel cell research for more than 26 years. In 1986 he tested the very early Ballard Fuel Cell Stacks at the Royal Military College of Canada. He received his PhD from the Royal Military College in 1997 under the supervision of J. C. Amphlett and R. F. Mann. He served as scientific advisor for the Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) for various fuel cell research contracts and also as Group Leader of the DND Electrochemical Power Sources Group from 1997–2003. In 2007, he was awarded the Canada Research Chair (Tier I) in Fuel Cells at Queen's University. His 83 publications have been cited by others more than 2700 times. He is a Theme Leader for Electrode Transport Properties and Manufacturing Techniques in the Catalyst Research for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (CaRPE FC) Canadian strategic network. He is also a Project Leader on bio-hydrogen purification in H2Can, national strategic network on hydrogen energy and a Theme Leader for system development in SOFC Canada, strategic network on SOFCs. He is the Director of the Queen's-RMC Fuel Cell Research Centre (www.fcrc.ca) and the Project Leader of Energy Storage and Recovery Ontario, a network funded by the Ontario Government. His current research activities include modelling of PEMFCs, the development of new materials and fabrication technologies for fuel cell system components and the development of catalyst-coated heat transfer components for fuel processing systems.


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'Our model is very scalable and dynamic': Q&A with High 12′s Michael Garbuz
Mark RendellCannabis Professional Reporter
Published October 9, 2019 Updated October 11, 2019
It is hard developing brands when your time and money is being gobbled up by massive agricultural facilities. That is the idea, at least, behind High 12 Brands, one of a handful of Canadian companies focused on selling cannabis rather than growing it.
High 12's business model revolves around white-label manufacturing. The company will develop and market brands, track consumer trends and manage a sales force. Third-party LPs will produce products for High 12′s brand lines and ship straight to wholesalers. High 12 will take a percentage of the wholesale revenue.
The company, backed by Igor Gimelshtein of Zola Global Investors Ltd. (former CFO of MedReleaf) and JW Asset Management, among others, raised $6.3-million in a Series A financing round that closed last week. It has developed four brands, which it hopes to bring to market later this year in Canada and California.
Cannabis Professional spoke with founder and director Michael Garbuz (formerly with Origin House) about High 12′s white-label approach. The conversation has been edited for clarity.
Cannabis Professional: High 12 is aiming to be "asset-light." What does that mean?
Michael Garbuz: When you're an LP [licensed producer], 75 or 80 per cent of your resources and time is going into these huge assets you've put so much money into. Actually thinking about moving the product, merchandising it, trade marketing, digital marketing – it's definitely a department within the company, but it's not the entire company focus.
The idea is we're a consumer packaged goods company operating within the cannabis space. That means we're really good at sales and marketing, but we're not experts around manufacturing and cultivation.
If you've invested a certain amount in CapEx and ongoing OpEx, your business model is a bit weird, because you need to continue to move exactly that amount of product forever, not scale and not go down. Whereas our model is very scalable and dynamic. We're not starting with the supply chain side, we're starting with the customer side: understanding the data, understanding what's selling, and then working with a variety of different suppliers to bring that product to market. If it's selling, we can scale up and source from more suppliers. If it's not scaling we can either switch supplier or switch the product.
CP: So with a white-label model, you never directly take possession of the cannabis?
MG: Correct. In every THC market today, not just in Canada, that is the case. For CBD, it is a bit different, because in the U.S. it's regulated more like a food supplement.
CP: How does the revenue model work?
MG: We take a fee on the wholesale revenue. So if they're selling a product to the OCS for say $20, we're taking a percentage of that amount, and we get paid by the manufacturer.
It is really a volume game. As we're coming into market, our licensing fees are at the low end of what they'll be. Then as we get volume and shelf space, we can start to command pricing, because we'll actually have the important thing, which is customers coming to the store asking for this product, because they saw it on social media, or they liked the video, or there's trade marketing or there's an event the budtender has been to. Stores are increasingly going to stock what's selling.
CP: How much interest is there from LPs in this model?
MG: In Canada, the discussions around white labelling over the past five or six months have gone from, 'maybe we'll look at this,' to 'this is a front and centre initiative.' So it really aligns well with our timing.
At first, we spoke with every single LP and we did a lot of outreach. Our view as we start moving more product is that that will change and we'll get outreach from people. It actually has started to happen, where people are calling us saying, 'we want to do X amount of kilograms of product, do you guys want to take it?'
We're early movers, but we're not first movers. There were some sort of one-off white-label deals; Lift & Co. early on actually had a strain of cannabis; Tokyo Smoke with Aphria had a strain of cannabis before they were a licensed producer through DOJA. More recently, we like the Ace Valley brand. Another group we really like is called TREC, which has two brands, one of which they've brought into market called Wink. That has a similar white-label, contract-manufacturing focus.
CP: What is the white-label situation like in the U.S?
A lot of companies in California and across the U.S. have become pretty segmented in terms of their approach. The top manufacturers mostly do white label, and then it's really up to the brand, CPG element of the business to focus on selling, scaling the brand, getting the brand into different markets, and just building the awareness of the brand so you can get customer intake on the other end.
I'd encourage you to go see a company called Flower One in Nevada. It is one of the most impressive facilities I've ever seen, and 100 per cent of their business is around making products for other brands, which makes sense in a more mature market like Nevada, with all these different SKUs, a lot of flow through in dispensaries. Ultimately, you just can't be the best at everything, and they're really good at agriculture and facility operations. When you see a facility like Flower One, you're like, 'holy shit, I never ever want to cultivate cannabis, because I'll never compete with those guys.'
CP: LPs have spent a lot of money developing brands in-house. How successful do you think they have been at this?
MG: There have been brands and licensed producers who have done a better job than others. To zoom out, the regulatory environment has been such a challenge for a lot of these licensed producers. For the products they wanted to bring out, it's been a slower roll-out than they wanted, the distribution has been less smooth than it should have been, and the retail roll-out has been atrocious. And if you look at the marketing regulations, they're very akin to Tobacco. I think a lot of the licensed producers have just felt like they've kind of been kind of put into a corner.
If you're putting product on shelf in Canada right now, by and large – maybe a few SKUs are exceptions – it's selling. But there comes a time when customers come into a store, and there are certain products they like and they buy, and there are certain products that they don't. And the retailer is going to continue to stock things that are selling, and they're going to stop stocking things that don't.
CP: How does your model scale internationally?
MG: There's no reason why we can't be playing in more markets than any Canadian licensed producer globally in the next year. It's a different type of cash expenditure required to get into a new market for us; we don't need to get a new facility, and licenses, and hire a local team, and put in tens of millions of dollars of money and time.
I think for a CPG or alcohol or tobacco company that's looking to invest into the space, our model will be more investable. We aren't going to go out and spend $30-million and have a facility that is still burning money after it's up and running. We're going to spend on selling product and marketing product that's already on shelves.
Follow Mark Rendell on Twitter @mark_rendell

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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AP: Trisnadi
Lawyers launch court action challenging Indonesia's annexation of West Papua
By Anne Barker on AM
Download Indonesian annexation of West Papua faces court challenge (1.30 MB)
In a landmark case, lawyers in Indonesia have launched court action to challenge the country's fifty-year incorporation of West Papua into its territory.
Lawyers representing about 20 Papuans are seeking a judicial review at the country's highest court, arguing the UN supervised referendum in 1969 — known as the 'Act of Free Choice' — that effectively handed Papua to Indonesia was illegal because only 1,000 people could vote out of a population of 800,000.
The referendum has instead led to five decades of brutal control and hundreds of thousands of deaths.
Broadcast: Wed 1 May 2019, 8:01am
Phil Erari, Papuan
Agus Sumule, spokesman for lawyers representing Papuan claimants
Reporter Anne Barker
'Not allowed': Why nearly 2 million people are demanding an independence vote for West Papua
A petition signed by more than 1.8 million people calling for an independence referendum in Indonesia's West Papua province has been delivered to the United Nations — but what could it potentially achieve in the decades-old battle for freedom?
In some parts of Indonesia, others vote on your behalf — here's why
In Indonesia's upcoming presidential elections this week, thousands of West Papuans will vote using a traditional communal method known as the "noken" system, which has been criticised as undemocratic and open to manipulation.
Why two million West Papuans sent a petition to the UN
Nearly two million West Papuans signed a petition asking for a referendum on independence from Indonesia; last week it was delivered to the UN.
12mins 37secs
Sun 10 Feb 2019, 7:30am
Indonesia denies using banned explosive that cannot be extinguished
Villagers reportedly suffer burns from white phosphorus, a chemical incendiary that cannot be extinguished, in a remote region of West Papua, but the Indonesian army dismisses the reports as propaganda.
Wed 1 May - Last ditch uprising in Venezuela
3mins 18secs Violent response to calls for uprising to oust Maduro in Venezuela
2mins 43secs Venezuelan uprising may backfire against Guaido: Journalist
3mins 7secs Tears, sleaze and intolerance ... another day on the campaign trail
3mins 7secs Silence from corporate Australia after Shorten's climate admission
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3mins 7secs Development of Bali bombing site likely to be blocked
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3mins 5secs Could Japan's new emperor Naruhito be the country's last?
3mins 39secs How will Antony Catalano revive regional newspapers?
2mins 50secs Indonesian annexation of West Papua faces court challenge


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Steelers DC Keith Butler Says T.J. Watt 'Needs Practice,' Hopes Deal Gets Done
Steelers Training Camp
PITTSBURGH — The Steelers' weighted sled is probably sick of T.J. Watt.
The star outside linebacker has spent most of the 2021 training camp working off to the side on his own, in what's being called a "hold-in," as Watt has attended practices but not worked in a team setting since the start of camp.
Frequently, that has meant dragging a weighted sled along the sidelines of Heinz Field, to the point that he's had to move around to avoid rutting up the field.
Watt looks ready to go, and while his contract situation is still unsettled, at some point, the team is going to need him to go, too, whether his situation for 2022 and beyond gets resolved or not.
"Everybody needs practice," defensive coordinator Keith Butler said on Tuesday. "Everybody does. It doesn't matter who you are."
But that puts Butler and the rest of the Steelers coaches in a tough spot. Butler is on the record as supporting his player's decision to limit his contact while negotiating a new deal. But he also needs to get his star linebacker into a formation a few times before the Steelers face the Buffalo Bills in three weeks.
"I'm for him, I'm not against him," Butler said. "I'm for Art Rooney, I'm not against him either. So, it's really none of my business in that situation. Do I want him on the practice field? Yeah, sure, I do. I want him on the practice field when we can get him on the field. But at the same time, I want him to be happy on the practice field, not dadgum begrudging all this stuff. I don't think he would be."
Watt doesn't have the personality type to cause those types of problems, but eventually, his absence alone will become one if the sides don't get a deal done soon.
"I'm just saying I hope they get it done," Butler said.
That's for sure.
Related Topics:featuredKeith ButlerPittsburgh SteelersSteelersT.J. Watt
Matt Canada Continues to be Impressed by Veteran QB Ben Roethlisberger
Steelers ST Coach Danny Smith: Pressley Harvin III's Drafted Status Holds No Weight in Punter Battle


Just got this bad boy detailed, and felt the need to share. It honestly looks better than when I got it from the dealer. Gonna take it out for a few spins then put it back in the garage and try to duck the rain this week.
No GT86/FR-S/BR-Z hating in here, please. I'm in a happy place, today. That is all.


A common treatment method for obstructive sleep apnea is a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine, which pumps air through the mouth and/or nose during sleep to keep the airways clear. While this method is generally effective, many diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) find the device to be disruptive and uncomfortable. As an alternative to wearing CPAP equipment during sleep, Dr. Wayde Fawcett offers custom oral appliances—like the Thornton Adjustable Positioner® (TAP® device)—that can reduce the symptoms of OSA and UARS and alleviate associated health problems.
Custom, clear-plastic TAP devices are similar to bite guards and fit snugly over the teeth. When the device is placed in position, the jaws are held in proper alignment to clear soft tissue obstruction from the airways and enable healthy nighttime breathing. The TAP device is intended to be worn every night, and the majority of Dr. Fawcett's patients who wear a TAP report that it is both easy-to-wear and comfortable. For the right patients, wearing the TAP device can eliminate the need for a CPAP machine or invasive soft tissue procedures. The TAP appliance is also considered an affordable solution for an often costly medical problem.
If you are experiencing adverse effects of breathing disruptions during sleep, think you may be suffering with sleep apnea, or have already been diagnosed with OSA and UARS, we encourage you to contact the Fawcett Center for Dentistry, PA to schedule a consultation. During your appointment with Dr. Fawcett, he can evaluate your concerns and recommend you to an experienced physician for a sleep study to determine the exact nature of your breathing problems. Once you have received a diagnosis, Dr. Fawcett may be able to help treat your OSA or UARS with a custom-designed oral device.
Previous Post: Which Is Better—Dental Bonding or Porcelain Veneers?


Preheat oven to 190° C (375° F) Cut pita pockets into triangles Brush each triangle with oil Season lightly with herbs, cumin and parmesan. Place pita triangles on a cookie sheet and bake a few minutes until golden Serve with dips.
Season lightly with herbs, cumin and parmesan.


text:
Near Penrith, Cumbria - Anytime by prior appointment. T 01931 713506 M 07917 571350 Email
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The allure of Gothic Furniture
The gothic furniture style has its roots in the rich Middle Age churches and closely follows the Gothic architectural styles. Furniture of this style portrays dramatic expressions of the designs of those periods. There is something quite alluring about Gothic furniture. When incorporated into your decor intelligently, this style of furniture can blend into modern designs perfectly while adding a different, unique feel to the room.
Although it is something that not everyone can enjoy, there are those who would swear by it. Furniture from the Gothic period, dating back to France at the beginning of the 12th century, has very peculiar characteristic features such as unusual contours and intricate details that are derived from Gothic art and architecture. This furniture style has also evolved from its simplistic early stages towards the rich and ornate architectural character that is seen in the later stages.
Design elements typical to Gothic furniture include trefoil and quatrefoil shapes, gargoyles, and pointed arches expressed using rich and intricate carvings on items such as tables, chairs, and beds. The wood finish is often in a dark stain like oak or rosewood and walnut. Gothic furniture is strongly tilted towards rich and ornate, however, there were also designs that weren't as complicated.
Visit us to have a look at some fantastic furniture pieces from the Gothic era.
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HGH or Human Growth Hormone is often viewed as being unsafe because it sounds unnaturally scary. However, the treatment process is actually a completely safe and reliable way to regain your youth and turn back the clock on the aging process.
Many studies have shown that, for individuals who struggle from depressed amounts of HGH, raising those levels to be within a normal range can reduce the frustrating and debilitating symptoms of the normal aging process. To determine if you have low HGH levels, schedule an appointment with your doctor and ask him if you can benefit from our treatments.
The production of HGH within the United States is a complicated process. However, it is closely monitored to ensure the safety of those benefiting from it. At MyHGH MD, we are passionate about bettering people's lives and offering them a product that can increase their quality of life!
It has often been referred to as a fountain of youth by those who have tried HGH, although it has had its critics since its synthetic development in 1985. Though approved for specific uses regarding growth issues in children and certain intestinal problems or other serious illness in adults, common uses have expanded into helping adults with issues in regards to aging. HGH, or human growth hormone, has also been widely used by bodybuilders and athletes as a performance enhancer.
Human growth hormone in its natural form is produced by the pituitary gland. This hormone has various functions within the body including muscle and bone growth, sugar and fat metabolism and helps with body composition and regulation of body fluids. Synthetic HGH is an active ingredient in a number of prescription drugs and for use not approved by the Federal Drug Administration.
As we age, the body's levels of HGH decrease causing a myriad of issues and problems including, but not limited to, decreased metabolism, muscle loss, fat gain and reduced energy. My HGH MD are HGH Doctors in Fredericksburg who can help reverse those aging problems with HGH Injections for those who are feeling less than their best. Injections are some of the most effective HGH treatment plans available and are done in the convenience of your home. Our HGH staff can also make home visits to make sure that your treatment is comprehensive and beneficial.
For more information on what HGH injections can do for you and if you're a good candidate contact our office in at 855-FORMYHGH. We look forward to helping you enjoy a more vibrant and dynamic level of health.
How Much Do You Know About HGH Injections?
1. What is HGH an acronym for?
2. Which of the body's glands is responsible for producing HGH?
3. Can you get HGH injections over the counter?
4. How many micrograms of HGH do we naturally produce at the age of 20? How much at 40?
5. True or False: There is nothing you can do about your aging body – you're just getting old.
At MY HGH MD, our entire focus is keenly aimed at helping our patients achieve better health by restoring hormones to proper levels with HGH injections. Our HGH clinics in Alexandria, Arlington and Fredericksburg offer a medical approach to balancing hormones and achieving optimal health for every one of our patients.
3. You can only receive HGH injections with a doctor's prescription.
4. At 20, we naturally produce 500 micrograms of HGH daily; by 40, that drops to 200 micrograms a day.
5. False. Using HGH therapy treatments can help delay the effects of aging and help diminish the symptoms felt as we get older.
What is HGH? HGH stands for human growth hormone. Secreted by the pituitary gland, HGH helps regulate a number of bodily functions including protecting muscle and bone mass, sugar, and fat metabolism and helps with body composition.
Is HGH safe? Injections of human growth hormone have been shown to be completely safe yet some people do experience some mild side effects that include swelling, numbness and nerve, muscle, and joint pain.
How long does it take to see results? Though the hormone begins to work immediately it can take several weeks for results to become noticeable.
Is HGH a steroid? HGH is not a steroid. It is a hormone and is completely legal.
If you are experiencing the detrimental effects of aging and would like to find out more about how HGH injections can help you, we invite you to visit our HGH clinic in Fredricksburg or in Alexandria or Arlington. Our HGH doctors would be happy to fully explain just how HGH injections work and if they are right for you and your symptoms.


This note documents a private protocol for IPv4-based flows. This protocol is NOT the product of an IETF working group nor is it a standards track document. It has not necessarily benefited from the widespread and in depth community review that standards track documents receive.
This document specifies the manner for transmitting IPv4 datagrams over an ATM data link, both in a default manner and in the presence of flow labelling via Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol [IFMP].
This document specifies the manner for transmitting IPv4 datagrams over an ATM data link, both in a default manner and in the presence of flow labelling via Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol [IFMP]. ATM specific functions such as OAM cells, the CLP bit, and ABR RM cells are not used. There are no reserved VCIs other than VPI = 0, VCI = 0, which indicates an unassigned cell; and VPI = 0, VCI = 15, which is used for the default encapsulation. IFMP messages must be sent using the default encapsulation.
The low order 16 bits of the label correspond to the VCI, with the least significant bit of the Label field corresponding to the least significant bit of the VCI. If the link cannot support a full 16 bit VCI the unused bits of the VCI must be the most significant bits and they must be set to zero.
The next 12 higher order bits of the label correspond to the VPI, with the least significant of these bits corresponding to the least significant bit of the VPI. If the link cannot support a full 12 bit VPI, then the unused bits of the VPI must be the most significant bits and they must be set to zero. The most significant four bits of the label are reserved. They should be set to zero by the sender and ignored by the receiver.
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) of an IPv4 datagram using the default encapsulation is 1500 octets.
Frames using the default encapsulation are sent to: VPI = 0, VCI = 15.
The MTU of an IPv4 datagram using Flow Type 0 encapsulation is 1500 octets.
Frames using Flow Type 0 encapsulation are sent to the VPI/VCI specified in the Label field of the corresponding IFMP Flow Type 0 Redirect message element [IFMP].
All IPv4 frames using Flow Type 1 are encapsulated directly in the payload of an AAL-5 CPCS-PDU. This is the null encapsulation of section 5.1 "VC based multiplexing of routed protocols" from RFC 1483 [RFC1483]. There is no LLC/SNAP header. Also, the following fields of the IP header are not transmitted: Version, Internet Header Length (IHL), Type of Service (TOS), Time to Live (TTL), Protocol, Source Address, and Destination Address. In addition, the first 4 octets immediately following the IP header (as determined by the IHL field) are not transmitted. (These 4 octets correspond to the source and destination ports for TCP and UDP datagrams.) The value of the Total Length field is not changed; it remains the total length of the IP datagram before the above fields were removed. The transmitted value of the Checksum field is the checksum value that would have been computed for the entire IP header if the TTL field had been set to zero (i.e., the actual value of the TTL field is "subtracted", using one's-complement arithmetic, from the Checksum before transmission).
The MTU of the IPv4 datagram using Flow Type 1 encapsulation is 1484 octets (1500 octets minus the 16 octets specified above).
Frames using Flow Type 1 encapsulation are sent to the VPI/VCI specified in the Label field of the corresponding IFMP Flow Type 1 redirect message element [IFMP].
All IPv4 frames using Flow Type 2 are encapsulated directly in the payload of an AAL-5 CPCS-PDU. This is the null encapsulation of section 5.1 "VC based multiplexing of routed protocols" from RFC 1483 [RFC1483]. There is no LLC/SNAP header. Also, the following fields of the IP header are not transmitted: Version, Internet Header Length (IHL), Time to Live (TTL), Source Address, and Destination Address. The first 4 octets immediately following the IP header (as determined by the IHL field) are transmitted. (These 4 octets correspond to the source and destination ports for TCP and UDP datagrams.) The value of the Total Length field is not changed; it remains the total length of the IP datagram before the above fields were removed. The transmitted value of the Checksum field is the checksum value that would have been computed for the entire IP header if the TTL field had been set to zero (i.e., the actual value of the TTL field is "subtracted", using one's-complement arithmetic, from the Checksum before transmission).
The Reserved fields are not used and should be set to zero by the sender and ignored by the receiver.
The MTU of the IPv4 datagram using Flow Type 2 encapsulation is 1492 octets (1500 octets minus the 8 octets specified above).
Frames using Flow Type 2 encapsulation are sent to the VPI/VCI specified in the Label field of the corresponding IFMP Flow Type 2 redirect message element [IFMP].
[IFMP] Newman, P., et. al., "Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol Specification for IPv Version 1.0", Ipsilon Networks Inc., RFC 1953, May 1996.


song shopping | THAT'S ENTERTAINMENT!
Welcome to our first Musical Theatre Monday of the new year! Every third Monday of the month, I'll be sharing more musical theatre goodies from my collection! In celebration of today's 109th anniversary of Ethel Merman's birth — on January 16, 1908 — I'm sharing all ten of the shorts (in release, not production, order) that the iconic diva made for Paramount between 1930 and 1933. Most of these have been put on the internet before, but never aggregated.
BONUS: For subscribed readers interested in obtaining a live audio of Merman's last concert engagement — Daytona Beach, February 1983 — please comment below! Here's an excerpt.
Come back on the third Monday in February for our next Musical Theatre post! And tune in tomorrow for more Married… With Children!


Revisiting past eras of music can fill you with different types of nostalgia, but adding a modern touch to it can change the picture completely. Boy Harsher explore 80s new wave in a sensual and almost cinematic way in their dark and dramatic sophomore release, Careful.
The aesthetic of Careful is very unique: it's intimate and sensual while also being almost claustrophobic and uncomfortable. That's the art behind it, though: It's so specifically disorienting that you can't help but be captivated by it. Opening track 'Keep Driving' begins the album with a disorienting, creepy intro, yet still offering a pretty intense and sensual atmosphere at the same time. This dark and tense atmosphere repeats itself throughout the record, even in the middle of the record with the darker 'Come Closer' and towards the end, with the more adventurous, tantalizing 'Lost.' They really sell this drama well, the lo-fi cinematic vibe of tracks like 'Crush' really providing a perfect horror soundscape.
It's the daringness Boy Harsher presents within this record that gives it such a charm. It's like they've gone right back to the 80s and embraced some of the weirder moments of the pop scene. 'Face The Fire' wholly embraces the 80s aesthetic, offering some nice drama but keeping things driven all the same. The punchy dynamics of 'LA' and the almost cheesy samples bring a sense of fun to it, even though the track, on the surface, is a bit more tough to swallow. Boy Harsher are the masters of creating dark atmospheres, creating a very unique one in 'Tears,' and even another horrifying one with title track 'Careful,' which closes the record ominously.
Whenever an artist from today dives back into the past, a specific nostalgia is created. Boy Harsher dive into the weirdness of the 80s and offering dark, cinematic atmospheres in their sophomore record Careful, presenting their unique sound wonderfully and tactfully. It's rare to see an artist be as daring as Boy Harsher in embracing a sound, but it paid off wonderfully this time.


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3D Printer Manufacturer B9Creations Launches FastWax Castable Resin
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Sept. 22, 2020) – B9Creations, a global provider of additive manufacturing solutions, launched its new FastWax Castable resin today, a 3D printing material offering all the benefits of wax without the wait.
The premium, easy-to-cast resin reduces post-processing and polishing with the smoothest surface finish yet. Jewelers can print perfect-fit settings, smooth shanks, and sharp detail.
B9Creations Named on Inc. Magazine's List of Fastest-Growing Companies
B9Creations Ranks No. 2318 on the 2020 Inc. 5000
With Three-Year Revenue Growth of 180.93 Percent
RAPID CITY, S.D. (August 12, 2020) – Inc. magazine today announced that B9Creations, a global 3D printing solutions provider, ranks in the top half of all companies on its annual Inc. 5000 list, the most prestigious ranking of the nation's fastest-growing private companies. B9Creations joins Inc. 5000 alumni like Intuit, Zappos, Under Armour, Microsoft, Patagonia, and many other well-known names who gained their first national exposure as honorees on the list.
B9Creations 3D Prints Protective Masks for Vast Broadband Personnel
RAPID CITY, S.D. (April 14, 2019) – B9Creations, a global manufacturer of 3D printers, has partnered with Vast Broadband to 3D print reusable protective masks for their essential personnel. The effort is part of a larger COVID-19 response initiative by B9Creations to produce masks for non-medical essential workers at companies nationwide, offer 3D printing and logistics services for business experiencing supply chain or labor disruption, and create an online global network connecting businesses in need with partners who can help.
B9Creations Named on Inc. Magazine's 5000 Series: Midwest List
RAPID CITY, S.D. (March 25, 2020) – Inc. Magazine today announced that B9Creations, a global provider of 3D printing solutions, has been ranked #112 on the Inc. 5000 Series list of the fastest-growing private companies in the Midwest. As an Inc. 5000 Series honoree, B9Creations joins Intuit, Zappos, UnderArmour, Microsoft, Jamba Juice, Timberland, Clif Bar, Patagonia, Oracle and other notable alumni.
B9Creations – Fastest Growing Companies in Deloitte's Tech Fast 500™ List
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Nov. 8, 2019) – B9Creations, a global provider of professional 3D printing solutions, announced today it was named to the Deloitte's Technology Fast 500™, a ranking of the 500 fastest growing technology, media, telecommunications, life sciences and energy tech companies in North America now in its 25th year. B9Creations grew 277% during this period.
Ding Tool Partners with B9Creations to Launch 3D Printed Tool
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Nov. 7, 2019) – Ding Tool, LLC, disrupts the decades-old paintless dent repair industry with the launch of its new patent-pending, 3D printed dent repair tools at SEMA, powered by B9Creations precision 3D printers and engineering materials.
B9Creations Launches Healthcare Division, New Medical-Grade 3D Printer
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Oct. 23, 2019) – B9Creations, a global provider of 3D printing solutions, announced today the launch of its new additive manufacturing Healthcare Division & Service Bureau and new medical upgrade to its award-winning B9 Core Series 3D printer line with the launch of the B9 Core Med 500 and the first two of its suite of biocompatible materials.
B9Creations B9Clean Voted Finalist for TCT Global 3D Printing Award
RAPID CITY, S.D. (July 18, 2019) – B9Creations' automation solution, the B9Clean, a tool that automates post-processing by providing no-mess, glove-free cleaning, has been voted as one of only five finalists worldwide for the 2019 TCT Post-Processing Award. The TCT Awards showcase the most influential 3D technology innovations around the globe, with finalists selected by an expert advisory board.
Game, Fish & Parks Transforms Wildlife Tracking of Bobcat Kittens with B9Creations 3D Printing Technology
RAPID CITY, S.D. (May 20, 2019) – Brady Neiles of South Dakota's Game, Fish & Parks, has transformed the way wildlife populations are tracked. Using B9Creations 3D printing technology, Neiles created an expandable collar with a tracker – an alternative to surgical implantation, the only tracking method used on juvenile bobcats today. The potential extends far beyond, to population estimates on species, like fawn, throughout the United States.
B9Creations Launches HD Slate, Formulated for Microscale Parts
RAPID CITY, S.D. (May 7, 2019) – B9Creations, a professional provider of 3D printing solutions, launched HD Slate, formulated for microscale parts with thin walls and micro features. The new resin features crisp detail, no z-bleed, and excellent readability.
B9Creations and SDC Technologies Announce Grand Opening of State-of-the-art Additive Manufacturing Material Development Lab
RAPID CITY, S.D. (March 28, 2019) – B9Creations, a global provider of 3D printing solutions, and SDC Technologies, a market leader in premium optical coatings with applications ranging from NASA space helmets to Anti-Fog commercial refrigeration doors, announced today the opening of a brand-new state-of-the-art additive manufacturing materials development laboratory at B9Creations' Rapid City headquarters.
B9Creations Now Shipping B9Clean, Automated Cleaning for End-to-End 3D Printing Workflow
RAPID CITY, S.D. (March 20, 2019) – B9Creations announced today the B9Clean is now in-stock and available for shipping. The B9Clean is a tool that automates customers' post-processing with thorough, no-mess, glove-free cleaning, . From print to post-processing, B9Creations is a professional provider of 3D printing solutions.
B9Creations Launches Engineering Resin Line with Rugged - Nylon 6
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Feb. 11, 2019) – B9Creations, a professional provider of 3D printing solutions, launched its engineering resin line today with Rugged – Nylon 6. Equivalent to injection-molded nylon, Rugged – Nylon 6 features low modulus, high elongation, and high impact strength making it ideal for snap-fit and wear-resistant parts.
B9Creations Launches B9Clean, Automated Cleaning for End-to-End 3D Printing Workflow
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Feb. 5, 2019) – B9Creations, a professional provider of 3D printing solutions, launched the B9Clean today, a tool that automates customers' post-processing with thorough, no-mess, glove-free cleaning. From print to post-processing, B9Creations will be showcasing its end-to-end 3D printing solution at AGTA Tucson trade show Feb. 5-10.
B9Creations Launches Powerful New Software Features Surface Finish and Queue
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Nov. 6, 2018) – B9Creations announced today two powerful new software features for the B9 Core Series: Surface Finish and Queue, responding to the market's desire for improved surface finish and the ability to more efficiently manage printing workflow in high-volume applications better than ever before.
B9Creations Launches B9Captivate Software Suite, New Advanced Capabilities for Custom Material Development
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Oct. 8, 2018) – B9Creations, a global provider of professional 3D printing solutions, announced today the launch of B9Captivate, a software suite that empowers users to develop custom material settings perfectly engineered for their application – helping them optimize for both the properties and performance of their 3D printer materials and the geometry of their parts.
iMakr, B9Creations Partner for O2's iPhoneXS Launch with Live 3D Scanning, 3D Printing of VIP Guests
RAPID CITY, S.D. (Sept. 27, 2018) – iMakr and B9Creations partnered with O2, one of the largest mobile phone networks in Europe, to deliver an experience unlike any other for the pre-order launch of the new iPhoneXS. Using an Artec 3D scanner and B9Creations 3D printing platform, iMakr and O2 scanned and printed 150 VIP guests live in three locations across the United Kingdom – London, Birmingham and Manchester.
B9Creations Nominated for 2018 Personal 3D Printer of the Year by 3D Printing Industry
B9Creations was nominated by popular vote for 3D Printing Industry's "2018 Personal 3D Printer of the Year (other)." 3D Printing Industry asked its readers to nominate the individuals and enterprises leading the additive manufacturing and 3D printing world, receiving more than double the number of nominations compared to 2017. The shortlists spanned all areas of the 3D printing ecosystem – from medical, aerospace and creative applications to 3D scanning, software and materials.
B9Creations Named Small Business Association's Regional Exporter of the Year
B9Creations has been named the 2018 Exporter of the Year by the Small Business Association, for the State of South Dakota and Region VIII, encompassing South Dakota, Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming. The South Dakota-based company was officially recognized during National Small Business Week, an annual event honoring the accomplishments and contributions of the best small businesses in the nation.
B9Creations Receives Minority Investment from Global Powerhouse Mitsui Chemicals
RAPID CITY, S.D. (March 23, 2018) – B9Creations, a global provider of 3D printing solutions, has received a minority investment from Mitsui Chemicals (Tokyo: 4183), a Japan-based company owned by the Mitsui Group conglomerate that counts Toshiba and Toyota among its companies. As an integral part of Mitsui's Healthcare Division, the partnership positions B9Creations as a market leader in the dental and healthcare industry.
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to create logistical challenges due to disruptions in manufacturing and transportation, along with resistance against globalization and free trade. This has curtailed the global supply chain, provoking critical shortages of essential goods. There is a desperate need for factories to manufacture on-demand materials and devices for a range of essential healthcare services.
Made In Space to Launch 3D Printer to ISS
Innovative space company Made In Space has continually surprised us with inventions such as the Archinaut large object printer, bioprinting, its longest 3D printed part, and its Additive Manufacturing Facility for the International Space Station (ISS). Now, the company is set to launch a stereolithography 3D printer to the ISS specifically to make ceramics. Made In Space, now a part of commercial space roll up Redwire, aims to put the printer on Northrop Grumman's 14th commercial resupply mission (NG-14). In an earlier iteration, the company worked together with B9Creations.
B9Creations Reports Three-Year Revenue Growth of 181%
After growing by an impressive 180.93% over a period of three years, B9Creations, a global 3D printing solutions provider, now ranks in the top half of all companies on Inc. magazine's annual Inc. 5000 list, ranking the fastest-growing private companies in the US. B9Creations joins Inc. 5000 alumni like Intuit, Zappos, Under Armour, Microsoft, Patagonia, and many other well-known names who gained their first national exposure as honorees on the list.
B9Creations: Professional-Grade 3D Printing Solutions Since Inception
A former Air Force pilot, Mike Joyce with deep expertise in computer science and mathematics, who was seeking a better additive manufacturing platform for use in the aerospace industry founded B9Creations. During his search for an additive manufacturing solution, he discovered there were only two categories of technology – cheap 3D printers for at-home hobbyists and ones costing hundreds of thousands of dollars, well out of reach for small and medium-size businesses. So, Joyce decided to forge a third category, a fast, reliable, easy-to-use, 3D printer that delivered a professional-grade solution with a quick return-on investment.
Researchers 3D Print Parts Capable of Self-Detecting Structural Damage
A team of researchers from Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid have 3D printed a set of self-sensing composite parts using B9Creations 3D printing technology. By reinforcing a commercially available photopolymer resin with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the scientists were able to further functionalize it with electrical conductivity, citing promising applications in structural health monitoring.
Businesses Stepping up to Fight COVID-19
B9Creations CEO Shon Anderson has the company, which manufactures 3D Printing technology at its plant located off Deadwood Avenue in Rapid City has been helping with the production of medical equipment sorely needed in the fight against COVID-19 (coronavirus).
B9Creations Helping During Pandemic: Interview with Shon Anderson, CEO
The internet is flooded with Americans responding to the need for personal protective gear, from sewing masks to crafting face shields using 3D printers. South Dakota company B9Creations has partnered with medical companies to assist during the coronavirus pandemic. Shon Anderson is CEO of B9Creations and joins us now with more on this assistance and what they are creating.
Additive Manufacturing in Orthopedics: Interview With B9Creations CEO
Someday My Prints Will Come: Additive Manufacturing Insights
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology is impacting how orthopedic surgeries are planned and executed. 3D printers are becoming smaller, more affordable, and more accessible, and free access to open source 3D imaging software has made clinical implementation widely feasible.
Senator John Thune visits Rapid City — praises local tech company
B9Creations gave Senator John Thune a tour of their Rapid City facility and showcased the different products they manufactured.
B9Creations Taps 10th-grade Talent Pipeline in Governor's Inaugural Week of Work
As the CEO of B9Creations, a global additive manufacturing company, and a parent of a 15-year-old, I can tell you that in both roles, I share a common goal: help young people discover their God-given gifts and talents and equip them with a plan to put those to use.
3D printed tools by Ding Tool unlock faster automotive dent repair
3D printing has found yet another application in the automotive sector. Ding Tool LLC, a company specializing in paintless dent repair tools, is launching a series of 3D printed dent repair tools at the SEMA show this week in Las Vegas. The patent-pending tools were 3D printed using technology and materials from B9Creations, a South Dakota additive manufacturing solutions company.
3D-printing company introduces healthcare division, new medical-grade printer
3D printing technology company B9Creations (Rapid City, SD) recently announced the launch of its additive manufacturing Healthcare Division & Service Bureau and new medical upgrade to its B9 Core Series 3D printer line. The B9 Core Med 500 and the first two of its suite of biocompatible materials were introduced at Medical Design & Manufacturing (MD&M) Minneapolis on Oct. 23 and 24.
Gov. Noem visits B9Creations to kick off Week of Work program
South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem was at B9Creations in Rapid City Monday to kick off a program that will become the largest internship initiative in the state's history.
Governor Noem visits Rapid City to launch Week of Work program
Governor Kristi Noem shook hands with local teens Monday while announcing an initiative to improve the state's workforce numbers. Noem is encouraging young minds to lead the way in a new Week of Work program.
Changing the Way Things Are Made Globally
Additive manufacturing holds the power to transform businesses and, B9Creations is leveraging talent and technology to change how things are made in industries from dentistry, jewelry manufacturing, automotive, to medical devices.
Bobcat Kittens Receive 3D Printed Tracker Collars to Improve Tracking of Population
Brady Neiles is a resource biologist from South Dakota's Game, Fish & Parks who used 3D printing to change the way wildlife populations are tracked. Rather than undergoing surgery to implant a radio transmitter, bobcat kittens at South Dakota's Game, Fish & Parks are now tracked via an expandable 3D printed collar complete with a tracker.
Innovation: B9Creations Teams Up With SDC Technologies
"B9Creations and SDC Technologies have opened an Additive Manufacturing Material Development Lab. B9Creations is a provider of 3D printing solutions and SDC Technologies is a leader in optical coatings with applications ranging from NASA space helmets to Anti-Fog commercial refrigeration doors. Joining us today with more is Shon Anderson and he is the CEO of B9Creations."
B9Creations Expands to a New 3D Printing Material Lab
B9Creations and SDC Technologies officially opened up their new 500 thousand dollar 3D printing lab.
South Dakota: A state with huge manufacturing potential
"When people visualise the next hot-spot for a high-tech manufacturing boom, a small rural state such as South Dakota might not be what be comes to mind. But it should. In South Dakota, a symbiosis of leaders in education, business and state and local governments is harmonising to educate the next generation of savvy high-tech leaders and connect this eager talent pool to a new breed of companies that are changing the face of technological and manufacturing industries.
B9Creations Automates 3D Print Post-Processing
"3D printing can automate production and create complex parts faster than many traditional processes, but post-processing of these parts often involves manual labor that cuts into those productivity gains. 3D printer company B9Creations now offers an automation solution that can eliminate that time-consuming work."
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in Television
Love and Time Travel heat up the Asianovela channel this February
by Lion's Den February 10, 2019, 9:41 am
An odd but enjoyable mix of Korean love stories and sci-fi adventures is hitting "The Ultimate Fanbayan on TV," Asianovela Channel this February.
It features "Tomorrow With You," "Signal," "Doctor Crush" and more.
Young Yoo Hye-jung (Park Shin-hye), a girl with a troubled past meets a teacher, Hong Ji-hong (Kim Rae-won)who helps change the course of her life in the 2016 hit "Doctor Crush" starting on February 11 (Mon-Fri, 11AM). Thirteen years pass since they part ways. As the young delinquent eventually finds her way and becomes a doctor, they meet again, this time, to fall in love.
A man gets to travel through time—and fall in love—in "Tomorrow With You," which begins on February 25(Mon-Fri, 6PM). Lee Je-hoon stars are Yoo So-joon, a CEO of a real estate company, who has found success using his ability to travel through time. As he foresees his own death, he attempts to avoid it by saving a woman, Song Ma-rin (Shin Min-a), thinking she would help him avoid his doom. But as time passes, he learns he could no longer live just for himself.
Solving crime with help from the future is the great plot twist in the award winning 2016 Korean series,"Signal"(Mon-Fri, 8PM). Through the help of a mysterious walkie-talkie, a detective in the year 2000 is able to communicate with a cold case profiler from 2015, making it possible for the duo to also prevent crime. Soon, they are confronted with a case that's very close to home.
Meanwhile, "A Love So Beautiful" (Mon-Fri, 5AM) and uncut episodes of "Meteor Garden" (Mon-Fri, 3PM, with replays at 12 AM) on featuring the original F4 and Shan Cai from Taiwan which premiered this January, are returning.
Also coming is a 2000 Hong Kong drama-comedy film "IQ Dudettes" (February 9), "Magic Kitchen" (February 10), martial arts and fantasy film "Wu Dang," (February 16) action-comedy Stephen Chow starrer "Flirting Scholar" (February 17), Asian heavyweights Jackie Chan and Shu Qi's romance-comedy "Gorgeous" (February 23) and sci-fi drama "Sori: Voice from the heart" (February 24).
Don't miss the best of Asian dramas only on ABS-CBN TVplus' "The Ultimate Fanbayan on TV," Asianovela Channel. For more information, follow Asianovela Channel on Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/AsianovelaChannel/), Twitter (@AsianovelaC), and Instagram (@asianovelachannel).
Written by Lion's Den
LionhearTV has always believed in what the everyday reader can contribute, and has always been open to receiving input, help, or leads on stories. Readers are always encouraged to drop us their thoughts either by either by leaving a comment on a post, or contact us directly – email us at [email protected]
Experience Romance, Luxury, and Indulgence at City Of Dreams
Smart LTE-A upgrade boosts loading business in Iloilo City


text:
require "cloudfoundry-installer/version"

module Cloudfoundry
  module Installer
    # Your code goes here...
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Nuclear Information Service
Investigating the UK Nuclear Weapons Programme
Aldermaston
Burghfield
Faslane & Coulport
Raynesway
UK Warhead
US Warheads
Disarmament & nonproliferation
Design and construction failures afflict HMS Astute
Categories: Astute
HMS Astute, the flagship for the Royal Navy's newest class of nuclear powered submarines, is reportedly too slow to carry out some of its duties, is subject to leaking and is beginning to corrode in places.
The submarine – acclaimed by the Navy as being the most capable and sophisticated British submarine ever to enter service – has been plagued with a catalogue of design problems and construction faults which are affecting its safety and performance, according to reports in the Guardian newspaper.
HMS Astute is unable to reach its intended top speed of 29 knots, meaning it would be unable to travel at speed to emergencies or away from attack, and unable to match the top speed of the Navy's proposed new aircraft carriers, which it is supposed to be able to escort and protect.
Other problems that have been reported include flooding during a routine dive, corrosion in places, concerns over the quality of nuclear reactor monitoring instruments, and flaws with the submarine's periscope.
During exercises earlier this year off the east coast of the United States a pipe carrying seawater from the back of the submarine to the reactor sprang a leak, forcing the submarine to undertake an emergency surfacing. An investigation revealed that a cap intended to be subject to the highest level of quality had been manufactured from substandard metal and had corroded, raising concerns that other parts of the submarine may also have been finished to below the specified quality.
Components of the submarine's nuclear reactor were also fitted to less than the required quality. A lead-lined water jacket surrounding the reactor core was fitted using metal of substandard quality, creating a risk that electrical charges in the lead could generate false readings in instruments monitoring the state of the reactor.
The submarine's CCTV-style periscope does not function well in rough seas, when the pictures are blurred by waves, and the reserve battery is also said to be far too small to power the submarine adequately.
A confidential Ministry of Defence memo obtained by the Guardian (available to download at the end of this article) warns that corrosion on Astute class submarines has been caused by cost-cutting and warns that quality controls have been ignored.
The memo states that corrosion is "a cause for major concern" and suggests that corrosion damage on the first two Astute class submarines, HMS Astute and HMS Ambush, is extensive. The damage means that "severe problems" can be expected in future and warns that as a result the submarines will have to spend more time than planned under repair.
The memo's author warns that, as a result of quality assurance failures, the first three Astute class submarines can be expected to suffer from similar problems and cautions "I am not sure whether it is already too late for the Boat 4."
First commissioned 15 years ago, HMS Astute has yet to be accepted into service with the Navy – four years overdue and nearly £2 billion over budget. The problems mean that the Navy will either have to continue using ageing Trafalgar class submarines well beyond their design lives or have insufficient numbers of submarines available to conduct operations over part of the next decade.
The Ministry of Defence says that it is usual to experience problems when new types of ship enter service. "It is normal for first of class trials to identify areas where modifications are required and these are then incorporated into later vessels of the class", said a spokesperson.
Writing in the Guardian Commander Steven Walker, commanding officer of HMS Astute, said "HMS Astute is a truly awesome submarine with a world-beating potential; her ship's company is second to none and that combination will allow me to take her from the 90% solution we have now to a fully operational platform in relatively short order".
Download the Ministry of Defence memo on corrosion problems with Astute class submarines here:
HMS Audacious finally leaves Barrow amid growing Astute programme secrecy
BAE kept the team at work on Audacious throughout the coronavirus crisis.
Astute: seventeen month delay may impede Dreadnought programme
Handover of HMS Audacious was due in August 2019, but is now expected to be January 2021.
Navy's newest submarine breaks down
The Royal Navy's newest nuclear powered submarine, HMS Ambush, has broken down just days after a commissioning ceremony at which it was formally welcomed into the Navy.
£2.7 billion contracts awarded for new Astute class submarines
The Ministry of Defence has awarded £2.7 billion of new contracts for construction of its planned fleet of Astute class attack submarines, despite costs overruns, severe delays, and concerns over quality of work on the vessels.
Designed by Advocate built by Netuxo


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Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) refers in arms control protocols to two main classes of man-portable weapons.

 "Small arms", broadly speaking, are individual-service (i.e. for carry and operation by individual infantrymen) kinetic projectile firearms.  These include: handguns (revolvers, pistols, derringers, and machine pistols), muskets/rifled muskets, shotguns, rifles (assault rifles, battle rifles, carbines, designated marksman rifles, short-barreled rifles, sniper rifles, etc.), submachine guns, personal defense weapons, squad automatic weapons, and light machine guns.
 "Light weapons", broadly speaking, are infantry-portable weapons that are either crew-served kinetic firearms, incendiary devices, or shoot explosive munitions. These include: anti-materiel rifles, anti-tank rifles, general-purpose machine guns, medium machine guns, unmounted heavy machine guns, portable flamethrowers, grenades, rifle grenades, underslung grenade launchers, grenade launchers, automatic grenade launchers, recoilless rifles, rocket-propelled grenades, man-portable anti-tank missiles, man-portable air-defense systems, and mortars under  caliber.

Small Arms and Light Weapons also include ammunition, explosives, hand grenades, land mines, and any other man portable weapons not listed above.

In contrast, the term "heavy weapons" generally refers to any other weapon systems that are too cumbersome for foot transportation and hence have to rely on fixed mounting platforms installed upon wheeled frames/vehicles, vessels, aircraft or fortifications for effective operation.

Definition by international legal conventions
According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the international framework on firearms is composed of three main instruments: the Firearms Protocol, the United Nations Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (Programme of Action, or PoA) and the International Instrument to Enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons (International Tracing Instrument, or ITI), where only the Firearms Protocol is legally binding.

The ITI, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 8 December 2005, defines small arms and light weapons as:

Such arms control policies and treaties are focused on international arms trafficking (importation and export), and in the standardization of laws, protocols and sharing of law enforcement information and best practices across nations to prevent illicit arms sales. They also focus on terrorism, arms proliferation as a humanitarian concern, disarmament in the face of extreme violence, and cases of ameliorating anarchy, civil war and international conflict. SALW provisions are generally not oriented towards imposing or enforcing domestic national or local legislation of legitimate gun ownership or sale.

United Nations SALW control efforts
Small arms and light weapons are used in conflicts around the world, causing injury and death. Small arms control was first broached by UN Resolution A/RES/46/36 (December 1991), which was expanded upon by A/RES/50/70 (January 1996). This latter resolution mandated a panel of experts to research the type of small arms and light weapons being used in the world's conflicts and to study which weapons might apply to fall under an arms control regime.  The recommendations of expert reports returned to the General Assembly, A/52/298 (1997) and A/54/258 (1999) led to a July 2001 United Nations Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms, with a follow-up in July 2006.

On 26 September 2013 the UN Security Council passed Resolution 2117, which urged nations to remain committed to small arms embargoes and SALW control protocols.

Work on SALW via the United Nations is coordinated by the Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA), though the UN Coordinating Action on Small Arms (CASA) mechanism, which comprises 21 UN departments and agencies working on different aspects of small arms and light weapons control. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), carries out research in arms control affairs and has published many articles and books related to small arms and light weapons.

On 2 April 2013, the UN General Assembly voted overwhelmingly to adopt the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) to govern the legal international trade in many types of conventional weapons, from warships and aircraft to small arms and light weapons. A basic obligation of the treaty is that all States Parties should establish or maintain controls in the area. In this way, the treaty also helps the international community to address unregulated or illegal trade in conventional weapons. The treaty opened for signature on 3 June 2013. To date, two-thirds of UN member states have signed the treaty (130 states), and 72 have ratified it. The treaty entered into force on 24 December 2014.

Global distribution of small arms

In 2018, Small Arms Survey reported that there are over one billion small arms distributed globally, of which 857 million (about 85 percent) are in civilian hands. U.S. civilians alone account for 393 million (about 46 percent) of the worldwide total of civilian held firearms. This amounts to "120.5 firearms for every 100 residents." The world's armed forces control about 133 million (about 13 percent) of the global total of small arms, of which over 43 percent belongs to two countries – the Russian Federation (30.3 million) and China (27.5 million). Law enforcement agencies control about 23 million (about 2 percent) of the global total of small arms.

See also
 List of firearms
 List of most-produced firearms
 Small arms
 Small Arms Survey
 Small arms trade
 Arms Trade Treaty
 Gun control
 Gun politics

References

External links
 Arms Sales Monitoring Project at the Federation of American Scientists (FAS)
 Small Arms and Light Weapons at United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA)
 Control Arms campaign
 Coordinating Action on Small Arms United Nations Programme of Action, Implementation Support System
 International Action Network on Small Arms (IANSA)
 Mines Advisory Group (MAG)
 Project On Government Oversight (POGO) "small arms" search results
 Small Arms Survey
 SALW Knowledge Base at South Eastern and Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SEESAC)
 United Nations Coordinating Action on Small Arms
 United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research
 UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office: Small Arms and Light Weapons
 The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies

Arms control
Firearms
Gun politics

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A million Times 80 Copper is part of an ongoing series of kinetic sculptures by Humans since 1982 that presents clocks as objects unleashed from a solely functional existence. Through this series clock-faces, a universally recognised symbol of time, are manipulated by programming the hour and minute hands to spin individually and in formation to visually represent the abstract concept of time while continuing to report real time.
Marrying conceptual enquiry with technically challenging design and engineering processes, A million Times is not so much about time-telling as it is about designing the passing of time.


text:
Marketing News & Strategy
Winner of Infiniti Account Will Have Chance to Rebuild a Brand
5 Things You Need to Know About Infiniti's Agency Review
By Michael McCarthy. Published on April 23, 2014.
Behind DTC tinned fish brand Fishwife's rapid rise and entry into Whole Foods
Ad executives working on automotive accounts like to speculate how they'd build an automotive brand from scratch. Well, this summer's opportunity to virtually re-launch Infiniti is about as close as they're going to get, said Allyson Witherspoon, Infiniti USA's director of marketing, communications and media. She joined the Nashville, Tenn.-based luxury car maker in November after stints at Arnold, Amsterdam, and other agencies.
Allyson Witherspoon, Infiniti
"If I were to put my former agency hat on, I would probably salivate.... You're always trying to look at what are brands that you can help build, or rebuild, or help evolve. I think [Infiniti] is that," said Ms. Wittherspoon last week at the New York International Auto Show.
But ad agencies chasing the global Infiniti account, long held by Omnicom Group's TBWA Worldwide , will have their work cut out for them.
This November, Infiniti Motor Co. will celebrate its 25th anniversary in the U.S. But many consumers still view Infiniti cars and SUV's more like the mass-market models sold by sibling company Nissan than luxury vehicles from industry leaders Mercedes-Benz and BMW.
Even among Japanese luxury brands, Infiniti languishes behind Toyota's Lexus, which also debuted in 1989 and Honda's Acura, which launched in 1986. Out of the three, Lexus has been the most successful, holding the nation's luxury sales crown from 2000 to 2010 before dropping behind Mercedes and BMW.
With 31,221 vehicles sold during the first three months of 2014, Infiniti ranked a distant No. 7 in luxury sales, according to the Automotive News Data Center.
During 2013, Infiniti sold 116,445 vehicles. That placed Infiniti No. 8 behind Mercedes-Benz (313,528), BMW (309,280), Lexus (273,847), General Motors' Cadillac (182,543), Acura (165,436) and Volkswagen's fast-rising Audi (158,061). Infiniti's peak sales year was 2005 with 136,401 vehicles.
Infiniti has been trying to distance itself from its "Nissan-Plus" reputation, establishing a new headquarters in Hong Kong separate from Nissan Motor and throwing its global ad account up for grabs. Here's Five Things You Need to Know about the Infiniti Review:
Is the pitch still open?
Maybe. Infiniti has hired search consultant Roth Observatory. But the client hasn't met with agencies yet or drawn up a contenders list, said Ms. Witherspoon. While Infiniti is still at the "very beginning" of the process, it expects to pick a single, global agency by the end of summer.
When asked how many packages she's received from interested shops, Ms. Witherspoon replied: "A lot. And I still continue to get them."
Who are the key decision-makers?
The review is being led by Vincent Gillet, Infiniti Motor Co.'s Hong Kong-based VP of marketing. Ms. Witherspoon is part of the "core" team running the review. She reports to Michael Bartsch, the former Porsche executive who was named VP of Infiniti Americas in August.
"It's going to be a global pitch. So we're looking for a global solution," she said. "The U.S. is over 70% of total global sales -- so we're obviously looking for what is the right U.S. solution as well."
What does the client want?
Forget about Japanese competitors. Infiniti wants to win over customers who buy European luxury cars. "Our aspirations are to be a Tier-One luxury brand. That's to be with the likes of BMW, Audi and Mercedes," said Ms. Witherspoon.
Another Jonathan Pryce?
The former Chiat/Day created Infiniti's most famous ad campaign, a series of TV commercials starring actor Jonathan Pryce that aired in the early 1990's. So is Infiniti in the market for another celebrity spokesperson? Yes, said Ms. Witherspoon.
The car maker is looking for pop culture "influencers" to possibly endorse the brand. These influencers could be either entertainers or athletes. But finding another celebrity spokesperson is not technically part of the review.
Said Ms. Witherspoon: "There's an element of pop culture. We want to be sure we introduce ourselves and establish ourselves in a very relevant way. Who are the right people to do that? That's what we're evaluating."
Is TBWA invited?
Yes. TBWA serves as Infiniti's sole agency around the world. It will defend the business, according to spokeswoman Marianne Stefanowicz.
What's driving innovation in wellness? Hear from brands and agencies on March 7
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Entertainment company Meow Wolf hires first-ever CMO as part of new marketing push
Nike takes aim at Texas hemp farmer's 'Just Hemp It'
Amazon starts drug subscription service for Prime members


The Suorin Drop Pod Kit is an ultra-portable and versatile all-in-one vaporizing system that features a refillable 2ml cartridge that is designed for use with salt-based nicotine e-liquids and regular vape juices. The Suorin Drop Pod Kit is furnished with a simple draw activated firing system, an intuitive LED battery life indicator and an easy to refill 2ml atomizer cartridges.
The Suorin Drop Pod has a resistance range of 1.3 to 1.4 ohms and fires at a maximum output of 13 watts. All-inclusive, sleek and easy to use, the Suorin Drop Pod Kit is the perfect choice for users looking for an ultra-portable and convenient everyday vapor device.
The Suorin Drop Pod Kit is an ultra-portable and versatile all-in-one vaporizing system that features a refillable 2ml cartridge that is designed for use with salt-based nicotine e-liquids and regular vape juices. The Suorin Drop Pod Kit is furnished with a simple draw activated firing system, an intuitive LED battery life indicator and an easy to refill 2ml atomizer cartridges. The Suorin Drop Pod has a resistance range of 1.3 to 1.4 ohms and fires at a maximum output of 13 watts. All-inclusive, sleek and easy to use, the Suorin Drop Pod Kit is the perfect choice for users looking for an ultra-portable and convenient everyday vapor device.


How to write an Annual Leave Letter? Download this Annual Leave Letter template now!
We provide this Annual Leave Letter template, which will help you to draft the perfect one! This request letter template will save you time, cost and efforts and help you to get approval for your well-deserved annual leave!
One suggestion that can help in order to get approval for your request, is that before you start to write the annual leave letter, check with colleagues, or any other stakeholders who will be affected by your absence, for their plans and see if they can help you taking care of your tasks for the time you are not available. Make sure that you also notify those who may be inconvenienced, like partners or customers.
When you write the annual leave request, be clear about what you are asking for at the beginning of the letter, including being specific in the subject line. If you will be taking hours that you have already accumulated and are due to you, state that. Briefly describe the steps you have taken to notify co-workers or clients. Depending on your job description and level of responsibility, you may want to state where you will be, whether or not you will be checking phone, WhatsApp, WeChat, or email regularly, and how you can be reached in case of work emergencies.
This Annual Leave Letter has ways to grab your reader's attention. The letter is drafted by HR professionals, is intelligently structured and easy-to-navigate through. If this annual leave letter template is not the right one for you, then please have a look in our collection of leave letter templates and find the right letter template that fit your needs.
Download this Human Resources Annual Leave Letter template now!
Snippet: I would like to officially inform you regarding my absence from office for [##] weeks.
[Reason] I would be going to [LOCATION] in order to avail my annual leave allowance provided by the company. I have sufficient hours accumulated to cover this time off.
I am moving on [DATE LEAVE] and returning on [DATE RETURN].


text:
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace GovITHub.Auth.Identity.Models.ManageViewModels
{
    public class ChangePasswordViewModel
    {
        [Required( ErrorMessage ="The {0} is required.")]
        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        [Display(Name = "Current password")]
        public string OldPassword { get; set; }

        [Required(ErrorMessage = "The {0} is required.")]
        [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "The {0} must be at least {2} and at max {1} characters long.", MinimumLength = 6)]
        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        [Display(Name = "New password")]
        public string NewPassword { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.Password)]
        [Display(Name = "Confirm new password")]
        [Compare("NewPassword", ErrorMessage = "New password and confirmation do not match.")]
        public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }
    }
}


It's hot outside, you're on duty and wish for a fried egg? Well, you don't need a stove because below, you are going to learn how to fry an egg on a car bonnet!
For police in Queensland, Australia, the weekend heatwave brought a very good opportunity to take a break from solving crimes and have a nice meal outside! For people in Birdsville, a small town in Queensland, February was extremely hot: 41 degrees celsius (105 degrees Fahrenheit), but this didn't mean that police will hide from the sun!
This policeman a.k.a the cooker tried to fulfill his wish as he always wanted to cook an egg on a car bonnet! Here is what you have to do: wait until 1 or 2 pm, take your car and your buddies, bring a pan and some egg and voila! You can serve your lunch cooked by the sun itself!
Check out the video below and Just listen to that egg sizzle on the car's bonnet. Cool!