No such thing as an off-season!
I don't rant often but I couldn't resist when it came to this topic. I promise to start covering more "diverse" topics soon.
I love it when someone tells me that they have no off-season because the weather is warm enough year around to ride or run outdoors. Temperature really has nothing to do with off-season training.
The off-season is used to describe a 2-part cycle of training. The Off-season consists of 3 or more base training phases and maybe one build phase depending on when your first race or event is on the calendar. The On-season or Race/Event Season if you like, will consist of 2 or more build phases, peaking, tapering, race and transition cycles. Oh and some more base training after a transition. These are the cycles used in periodized training to help an athlete peak in time for a priority race(s) or event(s).
The off-season does often happen during the winter months, as this is when cyclists and runners are not found as frequently outdoors. With the explosion in CycloCross and Trail Running, the winter months do find more and more endurance athletes heading outside to train and race. This mean's for these dedicated athletes their off-season is not in the winter but is often in the heart of the summer months.
Another thing I see with new athletes is past data showing significantly high amounts of intensity in the off-season. I usually find out that they have been training against race videos or have been following a training plan in their favorite magazine. I am not bashing these methods of training. I know many who have made great progress with videos and training plans. I sell training plans! What does concern me is timing and the training factors that are being trained against.
The off-season should start as a time of rest, recovery, and reflection of the past season, then progression into some easy miles and eventually into appropriate off-season interval training.
The off-season may have 2 or more phases of strength training in the gym ranging from Anatomical Adaptation, Maximum Strength, Muscle Endurance, Power Endurance and Strength maintenance.
Flexibility should be addressed daily no matter what the season is but in the off-season a bit more time can be used to address tightness from the previous season of racing, and training.
Endurance is the prime focus in the off-season. We are endurance athletes!
Speed is often confused with how fast you are or can ride or run. Instead what I mean by speed is leg speed or cadence. Being able to turn your legs over faster on the bike or in the run can and will improve your economy as a cyclist or runner. Improving or increasing leg speed will help with answering surges in groups of cyclists and runners.
Force is the training factor that gets quite a bit of attention in most endurance athletes off-season training plans. Early season force development is key for producing more power over the entire power curve. Whether you need more power in climbs, sprints, or want to move a bigger gear in a time trial developing force in the off-season will help immensely.
Muscle endurance is all about training muscles to work harder longer. This training factor is often used to strengthen the often-quoted climbing weaknesses or hill running weaknesses. However, muscle endurance isn't all about climbing and slogging up steep hills in your trail runs and 5ks. It's also about improving your muscle's ability to do more work with more force and potentially at higher cadences. Putting all this together will improve power and average speed!
So for those that like to brag that they have no off-season because they live where it is warm year round then they are not training very smart or at all!
Don't get me wrong if it ever made sense for my family and I to move somewhere where it is warm year round I would do it in a heartbeat. However I would still follow the above training cycles!


Apple has been granted a patent (number 9,135,725) by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office for "generic media covers." It involves those, well, generic items you see on Apple's online stores, such as iTunes and iBookstore, for digital media items that publishers have submitted without a personalized cover.
According to the patent, a generic media cover can be generated for a media item by "hashing" a unique identifier of the media item that remains consistent throughout the life cycle of the media item. Music producers and publishers frequently add new digital media items for sale on the online store.
However, newly added digital media items can sometimes be received without a media cover. This can happen because the artist/author didn't provide or didn't wish to provide a media cover. In these scenarios, the online store presents the digital media item to customers without a media cover.
However, as Apple notes in the patent, a media item without a media cover is "visually unappealing." This is particularly true when an entire page of digital media items are presented without media covers, which makes it difficult to tell apart one digital media item from another. Apple says this is why there's a need for generic media covers.
Here's Apple's summary of the invention: "Bytes of the hashed value can be translated into graphic parameters which are used to generate the generic graphic. The graphic parameters can be attached to the generic graphic, thus allowing a user to regenerate the generic graphic at a desired resolution at a later point in time. Also disclosed are techniques for ensuring that generic media covers for a bundle of media items appear substantially similar."


Why Choose Marmoleum Flooring For Your Home?
At Allfloors, we know that Marmoleum is a fantastic choice whether that's at home or in a commercial setting. It has several benefits but before we go into that lets find out what Marmoleum flooring actually is.
This entry was posted in All Floors Glasgow on February 6, 2018 by admin.


YES! Here you have my new Project.
Faces, Silhouettes full of color and magic. Faces of movies, Silhouettes from the big screen.
P.D. please... everyone, run to Netflix and watch this new and amazing movie!
A bone-chilling breeze swept across the sleepy morning landscape of the forest as a mysterious figure glided over the trees. Jack dragged his staff along the the skyline behind him, creating a beautiful blanket of patterened frost across every surface that could house it. It was early November, the time Jack had officially instated as the beginning of winter, a smile spreading across his face as he spread his magic through the land. His first stop was the lively village of Corona, which thrived in the summertime months but enjoyed the winter nostalgia just the same. As a gentle snowfall fell across the village, Jack couldn't help but stop to pay his respects to the mosaic in the village square-- the generous king and queen of the kingdom with their long-lost daughter in their arms. Frozen fog left Jack's lips as he heaved a sigh for the missing princess.


Today we are used to the idea that software is really ''soft''—that is, it weighs nothing, is easily and perfectly copied, and is essentially cost-free in time and money to manufacture. Download a new piece of code into your PC or your cell phone and you're off and running. This was not the case in the 1960s, at least not for the embedded system of Apollo. Software became hardware.
The permanent memory, which stored the flight programs, consisted of a complex series of wires running in and out of magnetic cores that determined if a particular bit in a memory location was a one or a zero. At a given memory location, a wire going through a core represented a ''1,'' a wire going around a core a ''0'' (actually, clever wiring meant that each core could actually store sixty-four bits). The small amount of erasable memory used a similar technique. Thousands of these cores, meticulously threaded with thin, hair-like wires, were packed together into ''ropes'' that held Apollo's programs. While cumbersome, this approach had one great advantage: the program was indestructible, literally hard-wired into the ropes. Astronauts became grateful for this feature when lightning struck Apollo 12 just after launch and the computer perfectly rebooted itself. Apollo spacecraft had no disk drives, no FLASH memory, not even any magnetic or paper tapes. The software for Apollo was an actual thing. You could hold it in your hand and it weighed a few pounds (figure 7.3).
wires through thousands of tiny cores. The particular pattern of the wires, and which direction they went through each core, determined the pattern of 1s and 0s stored in the memory.
Rope manufacture did become partially automated. Another New England firm, the United Shoe Machinery Company, created a machine to speed up the process. The IL would convert their programs to a series of paper tape instructions to read into the machine. A rigid rack held an assembly of cores, and the machine used the numerical data from the punch cards to position the core assembly so the worker could quickly run her needle, with a wire attached, through each core. Then the machine would reposition the cores and the worker would run the wire through the other way. A series of folding, soldering, and potting operations then turned the core rope into a ''module'' that could be plugged into the Apollo computer.
Ideally, this process would happen once, producing single core rope that would program any possible mission. Each mission had its own unique features: vehicle mass, propellant volume, orbital parameters, and the like, that would go into the erasable memory. It never worked out that way—each mission was sufficiently different, and each program was sufficiently modified from the previous one that no two flights ever flew with exactly the same code (other than AS-501 and AS-502, which were unmanned).33 By the later lunar landings, however, the programs did become relatively stable, and the changes increasingly minor.
NASA and IL management recognized that the schedule could help them impose a kind of discipline on the otherwise free-wheeling programmers. ''Rather than a disadvantage,'' wrote David Hoag, the nature of the core ropes meant that ''risky last minute changes of the program just before flight were physically prevented.''36 Manufacturing the software forced the engineers to make commitments, to stand behind their programs and get them into a form that would be suitable for testing months in advance.37 It helped bring the young, unruly art of programming into the purview of program management and systems engineering.
But Apollo's programmers had to face more than the factory floor. They also had to face the users.


text:
Michelle Branch Files for Divorce from Patrick Carney
Michelle Branch has filed for divorce from Patrick Carney, a move that comes just days after cheating allegations and the singer's domestic assault arrest.
Branch filed divorce docs in Tennessee Friday, obtained by TMZ, she states irreconcilable differences as the reason for the split.
Michelle and Carney, who is the drummer of The Black Keys, have two young kids together. She's asking for child support and for custody … but to allow for Patrick to have time with the kids. Branch is also requesting Patrick pay legal fees.
The estranged couple is also required to complete a parenting court, which the judge orders in all cases out of that specific court.
TMZ broke the story, Michelle and Patrick split last week just hours after she tweeted out accusing him of cheating. At the time, Michelle told us, "To say that I am totally devastated doesn't even come close to describing how I feel for myself and for my family. The rug has been completely pulled from underneath me and now I must figure out how to move forward. With such small children, I ask for privacy and kindness."
However, we learned shortly after the tweet, cops were called to Patrick and Michelle's home — where the singer admitted to striking her husband one or two times in the face — she was arrested for domestic assault. She was released from custody shortly after the arrest because she's breastfeeding their infant daughter.
Also Read Mother-of-22 Sue Radford welcomes the arrival of a new granddaughter
Michelle and Patrick were married for just over 3 years.
'Beautiful' woman, 22, died from overdosing days after family member was accused of assaulting her
Trump now claims FBI agents seized three of his PASSPORTS during the Mar-a-Lago raid
Swimmers make mad dash out ocean off Florida beach after TWO sharks are spotted in knee-deep water
'Sexual predator', 26, who raped two Tinder dates is jailed for 12 years
To unreserved not into projection invitation
Arnold Schwarzenegger Shouts Out His Mom Day Before His 75th Birthday
InterswitchSPAK 2022: Review, How To Apply, Qualifications
A new mum who spent £16,000 undergoing IVF treatments says it was like 'shopping at Waitrose'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Depression happens. It's so common in fact that the majority of people in the U.S. will experience it at some point in their life. Depression can range in extremes from mild to intense and often goes untreated. Up to 80% of those experiencing depression don't seek help for a number of reasons.
If you are gripped by feelings of worthlessness or have a sense that things won't work out for you despite anything you may try, treatment for depression may be an appropriate intervention. Feelings of being lost, stuck, not good enough, or broken can be indicators that depression is present. When these feelings and interpretations of self linger on they can have serious impacts on our behaviors and our quality of life can start to diminish. It can be tough to move forward as this cycle leads to less and less engagement with life and those around us.
Grief and loss often bring with them feelings of depression and many of us attempt to navigate through loss alone. These moments in life when we are parting with someone or something that is irreplaceable can be the most challenging moments to attempt to push through without support.
Contact me today to see about scheduling an appointment and make a move toward your return to life.


text:
ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20140518182734) do

  create_table "projects", force: true do |t|
    t.string   "name"
    t.date     "due_date"
    t.datetime "created_at"
    t.datetime "updated_at"
  end

  create_table "tasks", force: true do |t|
    t.integer  "project_id"
    t.string   "title"
    t.integer  "size"
    t.datetime "completed_at"
    t.datetime "created_at"
    t.datetime "updated_at"
    t.integer  "project_order"
  end

  add_index "tasks", ["project_id"], name: "index_tasks_on_project_id"

end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Haiti's Children, Inc focuses on school sponsorship and food programs for the children. We also host medical mobile clinics, construction and evangelism teams. We have been one of the first responders in any natural disaster in Haiti since 2008.


text:
Q: Using openconnect to connect to a vpn On Debian, I am using the following command to connect to a vpn:
sudo openconnect --csd-wrapper=/usr/libexec/openconnect/csd-post.sh --verbose vpn.abc.com

It fails:
POST https://vpn.abc.com/
Attempting to connect to server x.x.30.23:443
Connected to x.x.30.23:443
SSL negotiation with vpn.abc.com
Connected to HTTPS on vpn.abc.com
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.0 302 Found
Location: https://globalvpn.abc.com/vpn-mfa-ldap/
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 0
HTTP body length:  (0)
POST https://globalvpn.abc.com/vpn-mfa-ldap/
Attempting to connect to server x.x.30.176:443
Connected to x.x.30.176:443
SSL negotiation with globalvpn.abc.com
Connected to HTTPS on globalvpn.abc.com
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.0 302 Temporary moved
Set-Cookie: tg=0VlBOLU1GQS1MREFQ; path=/; secure
Content-Length: 0
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Connection: Close
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2020 08:18:22 GMT
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Location: /+webvpn+/index.html
HTTP body length:  (0)
GET https://vpn.abc.com/
Attempting to connect to server x.x.30.23:443
Connected to x.x.30.23:443
SSL negotiation with vpn.abc.com
Connected to HTTPS on vpn.abc.com
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.0 302 Found
Location: https://globalvpn.abc.com/vpn-mfa-ldap/
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 0
HTTP body length:  (0)
GET https://globalvpn.abc.com/vpn-mfa-ldap/
Attempting to connect to server x.x.30.176:443
Connected to x.x.30.176:443
SSL negotiation with globalvpn.abc.com
Connected to HTTPS on globalvpn.abc.com
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.0 302 Temporary moved
Set-Cookie: tg=0VlBOLU1GQS1MREFQ; path=/; secure
Content-Length: 0
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Connection: Close
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2020 08:18:25 GMT
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Location: /+webvpn+/index.html
HTTP body length:  (0)
GET https://globalvpn.abc.com/+webvpn+/index.html
SSL negotiation with globalvpn.abc.com
Connected to HTTPS on globalvpn.abc.com
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Content-Type: text/xml
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Set-Cookie: webvpn=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 22:00:00 GMT; path=/; secure
Set-Cookie: webvpn_as=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 22:00:00 GMT; path=/; secure
Set-Cookie: webvpnc=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 22:00:00 GMT; path=/; secure
Set-Cookie: webvpnlogin=1; secure
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-Transcend-Version: 1
HTTP body chunked (-2)
GET https://globalvpn.abc.com/CACHE/sdesktop/install/binaries/sfinst
Got HTTP response: HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Cache-Control: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Connection: Close
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2020 08:18:27 GMT
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
HTTP body http 1.0 (-1)
SSL socket closed uncleanly
Unexpected 404 result from server
Failed to obtain WebVPN cookie

Yes, the /usr/libexec/openconnect/csd-post.sh file is present.
However, the same (almost) command (openconnect --csd-wrapper=/usr/lib/openconnect/csd-post.sh vpn.abc.com) gets me connected to the vpn when I am on Archlinux. Here's the link to the arch wiki.
I have used a dummy IP address and VPN server name in this post.
Thanks in advance.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
alvason Follow
Overview Repositories 9 Projects 0 Packages 0 Stars 0
alvason
Alvason Zhenhua Li alvason
Harnessing the power of machine intelligence to design AI-driven algorithms for accurate single-cell segmentation and sub-cellular RNA localization in tissues.
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Block or report alvason
identifying_neurite_by_RRS Public
RRS code for automated identification of neurite growth in microfluidic device.
Jupyter Notebook 4 1
identifying_cell_migration_by_vessel_segmentation Public
This repository contains code for implementing vessel segmentation method initially described in the paper:
infectious-pulse Public
Many-strain SIR epidemiological model
Jupyter Notebook 1
stochastic-infectious-pulse Public
Stochastic version for evolutionary insights
blab/antibody-response-pulse Public
Model of cross-reactive antibody response from B cells after infection or vaccination
diffusion-computation Public
from analytic to stochastic
186 contributions in the last year
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text:
Лев Дмитриевич Измайлов (1764—1834) — генерал-лейтенант из рода Измайловых,  известный помещик-самодур.

Биография
Родился в 1764 году в селе Милославском Скопинского уезда Рязанской губернии. Внук Л. В. Измайлова и графа И. С. Гендрикова. Его старшая сестра, Екатерина, была замужем за князем С. Б. Куракиным.

В 1775 году записан был в лейб-гвардии Семёновский полк, первый офицерский чин получил в 1783 году. Участвовал в русско-шведской войне 1788—1790 годов. В 1789 году произведён в подполковники, 27 мая 1790 года награждён орденом св. Георгия 4-й степени:

В 1794 году, волонтёром, принимал участие в военных действиях против польских конфедератов. В 1794 году в чине полковника командовал Кинбурнским драгунским, в 1797 году — гусарским Шевича полком.

После воцарения императора Павла I, Измайлов, принадлежавший к партии Зубова, вышел в отставку, в 1801 году был императором Александром I принят опять, но скоро уволен и удалился в своё имение Хитровщину, Тульской губернии.

С 1802 года по 1815 год был рязанским губернским предводителем дворянства, в 1806 году формировал рязанскую милицию, в Отечественную войну 1812 года командовал рязанским ополчением и с ним совершил Заграничный поход. За отличие против Наполеона Измайлов 2 октября 1814 года получил чин генерал-лейтенанта и ордена св. Анны 1-й степени с алмазными знаками и св. Владимира 2-й степени.

По возвращении жил в своих обширных имениях Тульской и Рязанской губерний. Отличался буйным нравом и развратным поведением в быту, что вынудило правительство принять меры. По Сенатскому докладу в 1831 году был выслан на жительство в Рязань или Тулу, куда пожелает, безвыездно, а имения его взяты в опеку. Умер в том же имении, где и родился, в возрасте 70-ти лет.

На Льве Дмитриевиче прекратилась старшая ветвь рода Измайловых. Все его огромное состояние унаследовал его двоюродный племянник, граф Николай Дмитриевич Толстой.

Самодурство
Л. Д. Измайлов отличался крайне своевольным и жестоким характером; большую известность получило множество его проделок над окружавшими его мелкими дворянами и местными чиновниками. По отношению к своим крестьянам он вёл себя крайне деспотично: за малейшие проступки, а нередко и невинно, дворовые люди, по приказанию Измайлова, наказывались плетьми, розгами и псарскими арапниками; сверх того, содержались в ручных и ножных кандалах, на стеночных цепях и в заклёпанных на шее железных рогатках. Также Измайлов содержал гарем из дворовых девушек, многие из которых были малолетними.

Слухи о его буйствах доходили до Санкт-Петербурга: ещё 23 марта 1802 года император Александр I писал тульскому гражданскому губернатору Иванову:

Измайлов был поставлен под надзор губернских властей, над ним даже наряжалось следствие, но благодаря своим связям и богатству он оставался безнаказанным; всего же печальнее то, что он был почтен доверием местного общества, хотя его образ жизни был всем известен.

Показания обитательниц его гарема оказались такими, что биограф Измайлова С. Т. Славутинский многие из них приводил иносказательно или вовсе предпочел опустить:

Словутинский описывал немало случаев, когда Измайлов насиловал малолетних девочек и предоставлял такое же право своим гостям:

После нового следствия, начатого в 1827 году и оконченного в 1830 году специально присланным из Санкт-Петербурга полковником Шаминым, 11 ноября 1830 года состоялось Высочайшее повеление об учреждении над Измайловым опеки. Местным властям за их послабления ему во время прежних следствий объявлен выговор.

Потомство
Холостяк Измайлов прижил трёх незаконных детей:
 сын Дмитрий не получил никакого образования и нигде не служил. Он числился мещанином и, унаследовав от отца около 100 тысяч рублей, пустил их в ненадёжные аферы, которые довели его до полного разорения.
 дочь Екатерина, получив в приданое весьма хорошее состояние, вышла замуж за красавца плац-адъютанта Александра Ивановича Малышева, состоявшего в 1854 году градоначальником Костромы.
 вторая дочь Анна, не любимая отцом, осталась без приданого. Она надзирала над дивовским скотным двором в Зенинской ферме.

Отражения в литературе
 Л. Д. Измайлов послужил прототипом для одного из действующих лиц в повести Мельникова-Печерского «Старые годы».
 По сообщению А. Г. Пупарева, этого же Измайлова имел в виду А. С. Грибоедов, в пьесе «Горе от ума», в словах Чацкого:

 Пушкинист Б. Л. Модзалевский считал Измайлова прообразом самодура Троекурова в романе Пушкина «Дубровский».
 Писатель-народник Глеб Успенский характеризовал «Измайлова и других подобных ему зверей» как безумных или выродков. Собрание сочинений, том 5. Крестьянин и крестьянский труд. Власть земли. VII Теперь и прежде.

Примечания

Источники

 Волков С. В. Генералитет Российской империи. Энциклопедический словарь генералов и адмиралов от Петра I до Николая II. — Т. I. А—К. — , 2009.
 Карабанов П. Ф. Фрейлины русского двора в XVIII и XX столетиях. Биографические списки. // «Русская старина», 1871, т. IV, июль.
 Овчинников Д. Троекуров из Хитровщины // Молодой коммунар. — 06.10.2015.
 Овчинников Д. Пушкинский Троекуров из Тульской Хитровщины // Литература в школе. — 2016, март. — С. 8—10.
 «Тульские бренды» — Л. Д. Измайлов
 Пупарев А. Г. Лев Измайлов. // «Русская старина», 1872, т. VI, декабрь

 Степанов В. С., Григорович П. И. В память столетнего юбилея императорского Военного ордена Святого великомученика и Победоносца Георгия. (1769—1869). — , 1869.

Российские командиры Наполеоновских и Революционных войн
Участники войны против польских повстанцев 1794 года
Участники Русско-шведской войны 1788—1790
Кавалеры ордена Святого Георгия IV класса
Прототипы литературных персонажей
Лев Дмитриевич
Рязанские губернские предводители дворянства
Генерал-лейтенанты (Российская империя)

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Below is an alphabetized list of the 50 most common errors in freshman writing. In addition to these "Shifty Fifty," you will find comment codes for more advanced writers. Target each weak area in your writing and revise accordingly to avoid making the same mistakes repeatedly. Most of the explanations below contain links to helpful websites. Practice by applying what you learn here to help yourself improve as a writer.
Learn this skill! You are repeating a basic mistake and frustrating or alienating your reader.
Specify to what you are referring-- OR rewrite this confusing sentence more clearly. Hint: Read the sentence(s) aloud to someone.
agr Pronouns and their antecedents must agree. So should subjects and verbs.
an Profound interpretation and analysis of the example is needed. Ensure your analysis supports your thesis and topic sentence.
ap Apostrophes must be used correctly. Of 's, s', its, it's, do you know which are plural? Singular? Possessive? F.Y.I.: Its' is not a word.
ar Avoid beginning sentences or clauses with articles (e.g., the, an, a). Articles are weak sentence-openers because they do not evoke an image or an action and therefore do not engage your reader effectively.
awk Awkward phrasing must be reworded for clarity. Try breaking up the sentence or changing or eliminating words.
b m s Be more specific by providing more precise details OR use a higher level of specificity.
b q Break up this long quotation by eliminating the less relevant parts and elaborating on the more relevant part(s) more fully.
c Confusables" must be used properly (e.g., then indicates time while than indicates a comparison; could of should be could have).
c c Commas between clauses must be used properly: [ independent clause , coordinating conjunction + independent clause ] For more help with commas, click here. Watch this video on compound sentences for more help.
c b Call-back words are missing. Revisit your projected organization and include one exact word from each part of your PO in each topic sentence.
c r Close-reading of figurative language must be added (i.e., elaborate on the thematic meaning of the word(s) connotations).
c s Comma spliced sentences must be broken up or reworded. Hint: Replace comma with a period or semicolon or see c c above.
cl A cliché is a trite, worn-out, ho-hum phrase and as such is a substitute for good writing-- rephrase the idea in an original way. Find some entertaining sports cliches here.
co ? Sentences must follow one another smoothly and logically, otherwise the paragraph's coherence is lost and so is your point.
col Colloquialisms are informal phrases and as such must be reworded formally (e.g., put up with becomes endure;a lot becomes often, much, or frequently; comes over becomes visits; goes through becomes endures; won't becomes will not, etc.).
con Conclusion and final "clincher" must be made more clever and/or thought provoking causing your reader think about "the bigger picture."
c r Conduct a close reading by explaining the connotative significance to your point.
ct Contractions must be avoided (e.g., Won't becomes will not. Can't becomes cannot, etc.). Contractions are a type of colloquialism.
cx Context of quotation is missing. Provide a very brief summary of the relevant plot details and/or character background for your reader.
d p Dangling participles must be avoided. Example: Changing the oil every 3,000 miles, the car ran better becomes Changing the oil every 3,000 miles, Fred found he could get better gas mileage. In the first example, the car appears to be changing its own oil. Find even more help here.
d s Double space here as specified by MLA form.
dic Diction must be effective (i.e., use a clearer or more accurate word). Refer to a thesaurus or dictionary if need be. Find even more help here.
doc Quotations' page numbers and punctuation must be documented properly. Example: Freddie "drags his feet slowly" (Author 33). In subsequent consecutive references to the author, include only the page number. NEVER include the author's first name.Also, note the order of the quotation mark, parentheses, and period. Find more extensive instruction here.
e p Punctuation at the end of a sentence must not be underlined.
el Elaborate by using one or more elaboration strategies. (Scroll down on the linked page and read the section entitled "Development."
etc Et cetera means "and the rest." Find and fix the rest of these recurring errors yourself.
ex ? More specific supporting examples are needed here. Hint: Revisit the text and refer to specific characters, incidents, behaviors, etc.
f c c Conclusion must come full-circle by resolving the question posed in the introduction or recreating the scenario described in the intro.
f c Faulty comparison or incongruous pairing is misleading or ambiguous. Compare "apples with apples."
f d False drama must be avoided. Replace the exclamation point for clearly dramatic or emotionally charged words instead.
f p First person must be used appropriately (i.e., NEVER use I , me , or we in an informational essay's body. However, you should use the first person in a narrative or reflective essay).
f s Fused sentences must be reworked. A fused sentence contains two independent clauses without proper punctuation separating them. Consider using a semicolon but only if stylistically appropriate.
foc ? Focus of thesis, paragraph, or section is unclear or too wide. Ensure each paragraph has unity (i.e., one central supporting idea only).
fr Fragments must be reworded as complete sentences. Hint: Add a subject or combine the fragment with another sentence.
g t "Gummy there" or "it" (i.e., expletive construction) should be eliminated and the sentence reworded.
h Homonyms & Homophones must be used correctly (e.g., their/ there/ they're, to/ too/ two, you're/ your, etc.).
h k Hook must be clever, engaging, AND relevant. Perhaps begin the essay with a riddle, an anecdote, a scenario, a witty saying etc. Additional help is available here and here.
intro Introduction must be creative, clear, AND relevant. It must also "funnel" (see p p below) from a broad hook to a specific thesis.
k b "Killer be's" should be swatted by eliminating be, was, were, been, etc. and recasting the sentence or by selecting a stronger verb.
l q Long quotations consisting of five or more lines must be indented one inch and NOT be contained in quotation marks.
log Your point must be made more logically. Ideas must follow one another in sequence while avoiding fallacies in reasoning.
m l a Use standard MLA formatting here. Double space name; course name; and number; teacher; and date (use European notation for the date).
m m Misplaced modifiers must be avoided. Note the difference in meaning here: He barely ran ten yards (because he was tired). vs. He ran barely ten yards (before being hit by a bus). In the first example barely modifies ran; in the second example, it modifies ten.
n q Never include supporting quotations in an introduction or conclusion. Instead, weave them into the body to support your thesis.
org Paragraphs and the ideas within them must flow logically and not needlessly repeat ideas. Sections or "chunks" must follow the order specified in the projected organization.
o w Make this one word, not two.
p Plopped quotations are unacceptable. Quotes must be woven in by leading into or out of the quote, or by using a quote sandwich.
p c Use the possessive case before a gerund (e.g., "him going" becomes "his going").
p o Projected organization or "proofs" must be stated at thesis. Use each to help you craft separate topic sentences for the body.
p p Pivot-point sentence is missing. It belongs in the middle of your intro and should both echo backward AND refer forward to the story.
p s The projected organization and/or string of clauses must be recast using parallel structure. Example: To emerge, to flourish, and death becomes To emerge, to flourish, and to die. Note the consistent string of infinitives in the second example. Find more help here.
p v Passive voice must be rewritten into the active voice ☺ (i.e., change Object-Verb-Subject sentence construction to S-V-O instead). Find more help here.
plop Quotations must be integrated, NOT plopped into your writing (see doc example above for a clear example of using signal words to create an integrated quotation).
prep Avoid ending sentences with prepositions (e.g., to, in, from, with, on, over, etc.). Reword your sentence accordingly.
q Sufficient supporting quotations must be included here for proof and clarity. Be sure to weave in the quotation properly.
r o Run-on sentences must broken up or reworded. Hint: Replace comma with a period or a semi-colon.
rel The relevance is unclear. What does this statement or quotation have to do with your point, topic sentence, or thesis? Explain carefully.
rh Rhetoric (i.e., superficial, overly-generalized, or misleading writing) must be eliminated and reworked. Check out this Dilbert comic too.
sdt Use an elaboration strategy instead: show, don't tell.
sg Sweeping generalizations (i.e., superficial, overly-generalized, or misleading writing) must be eliminated and reworked. Check out this Dilbert comic too.
s i Split infinitives should be used sparingly (e.g., To boldly go vs. To go boldly).
sp Spelling of words must be correct. Use a spelling-checker, but do not rely on it exclusively. PROOFREAD your final draft thoroughly.
spec Specify exactly to what or whom this word or phrase refers.
src ? Correctly identify the source of your information here using a citation. Ensure you use proper MLA form when doing so (see doc above).
st Style should be interesting. Vary your word choice, sentence lengths, and/or sentence structure.
ss Stringy sentences cram too many ideas into one sentence and should be broken up into two or more sentences.
sub Subjunctive mood must be used here. The subjunctive of to be is ALWAYS be in the present tense and were in the past tense. See additional help here.
sum Summarize the plot briefly and/or introduce main characters, so your reader is first acquainted with the basic storyline and has a context for understanding your analysis.
t Tense, literary present must be used consistently (e.g., saw becomes sees ; grew up becomes grows up, etc.). Use the literary present tense in informational writing. Narrative writing is typically written in past tense.
t s Topic sentence explaining the main idea must be added as the first sentence of the paragraph or section.
th Thesis or theme must be clear and profound. Remember, a high-quality theme is true in life, true in the story, and "deep."
tr Transition word is needed to connect new ideas (i.e., not only, however, next, in addition to, furthermore, etc.). Find more help here, here, and here.
tt Title must not be cute, but rather snappy or clever AND include the topic, author, and work addressed. Hint: Use a colon and/or a literary term to add "snappiness."
u Unity is lacking.A paragraph must have only one "center of gravity" or main idea.Everything contained in the paragraph must relate directly to the topic sentence.
u q Underline novel, epic, CD, play, and film titles; use quotation marks around short story, poem, song, article, and chapter titles. Find more help here.
u s a Use a stronger adjective or adverb (or possibly no adverb at all).
u s n Use a stronger noun.
v p Vague pronoun (e.g., this, which, it, they, he, she, etc.) must be replaced or clarified. Ask yourself, This what? Next, insert the answer immediately following the word this (e.g., this image, this term, this feeling, this idea, etc.).
vox Voice or "sound" of essay must be unique and appropriate to purpose and audience.
w Wordy! Use fewer words to express the same idea or phrase. Perform "literary liposuction" with fatty phrases such as in my opinion, due to the fact that, etc. Find more help here, here, and here. Take a quiz here.
w p Weak phrasing must be eliminated (e.g. this quote shows, in conclusion, etc.). When revising, combine sentences if need be.
w w Wrong word. Use the right one instead. See also c or h.
who ? Second person must be used appropriately (i.e., NEVER use "you" in an informational essay's body. Using the second person purposefully in a narrative is acceptable of course.).


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text:
Trump Vows 'Very Rapid Action' on Funding for Harvey Response
Posted 2:18 PM, August 28, 2017, by CNN Wire, Updated at 11:41PM, August 28, 2017
President Donald Trump said Monday he believes Congress will act quickly to provide disaster relief funding to the areas affected by Hurricane Harvey.
"You're going to see very rapid action from Congress -- certainly from the President," Trump said.
Addressing Texans, he added: "We're going to get your funding."
Trump said he has "spoken to Congress" and said he believes funding for relief efforts will be approved "very, very quickly."
"We think Congress will feel very much the way I feel and in very much a bipartisan way," Trump said.
Trump also signaled the disaster funding would be addressed separately from a broader budget deal.
Pressed on whether this changed his view on the possibility of a government shutdown, which he hinted at last week, Trump said he thinks "it has nothing to do with it."
"I think this is separate," Trump said.
Congress returns next week with a new item added to an already large to-do list -- providing federal resources to those in Texas dealing with devastating flooding and damage caused by Hurricane Harvey.
There is currently about $3.3 billion left out of the roughly $7 billion Congress approved for the Federal Emergency Management Administration's (FEMA) disaster relief fund for 2017 expenses. Aides from both parties agree the unprecedented storm will require a major relief effort, but say it could take weeks, even months to get a handle on the scope of the disaster and what kind of emergency spending may be needed.
"It is simply too early at this point to determine whether FEMA may need supplemental funding. The FEMA Disaster Relief Fund is funded, as planned, to meet disaster needs this fiscal year. The committee will proceed accordingly should the need arise for supplemental funding after damage and recovery assessments can be made," Chris Gallegos, the Republican spokesperson for the Senate Appropriations Committee, told CNN.
But one senior Democratic aide tells CNN that the costs of helping state and local communities is "likely to surpass" what's currently in the disaster account.
To help stretch its resources, FEMA announced Monday it would invoke what it calls "immediate needs" authority that allows the agency to suspend spending on recovery projects from previous disasters and use the existing disaster relief funds to cover costs associated with Hurricane Harvey.
Trump plans to tour parts of Texas Tuesday. But with the rain still falling, his administration not yet sent to Capitol Hill a specific request for what is needed for FEMA or other agencies. It's unclear when that might happen.
But as Republican leaders look at legislative heavy lifts this fall -- like funding the government or raising the debt ceiling -- it's possible that those more controversial and internally divisive items could be paired with a disaster relief package, which traditionally receives bipartisan support. Combining the must-pass storm recovery package with a spending bill or legislation to avoid a default could upset members who may not want to vote against helping those in need.
Texas Republican Rep. Pete Sessions said Monday on CNN that there will be a need for Congress to act on resources but also to help get senior government executives in place to coordinate the response.
"We're going to have to figure out how we're going to provide for these people and what the federal component is. We need to make sure that the administration as well as the United States Senate finishes off the confirmation of every single federal official that could possibly relate to this. The President is going to need his full team now, starting as quickly as possible," Sessions said.
AshLee Strong, spokeswoman for House Speaker Paul Ryan told CNN Monday: "We will help those affected by this terrible disaster. The first step in that process is a formal request for resources from the administration."
Democrats in Congress regularly back bills adding more federal money for emergencies without insisting that any offsets be made to pay for them. But in the past, many conservatives have demanded any new money be paid for with cuts in other programs. When Vice President Mike Pence served in Congress, he advocated for cutting federal spending to help pay for the costs of rebuilding after Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
Over the weekend, New York Republican Rep. Peter King, who tangled with some in his party over aid for Superstorm Sandy in 2013, tweaked those like Texas GOP Sens. John Cornyn and Ted Cruz who opposed that bill.
"Ted Cruz & Texas cohorts voted vs NY/NJ aid after Sandy but I'll vote 4 Harvey aid. NY wont abandon Texas. 1 bad turn doesnt deserve another," he tweeted.
Cruz, in an interview on CNN on Monday, insisted he backed relief for Sandy, but opposed other items he described "pork" in that package.
"Of course, the federal government has a critical role in disaster relief. It has before and should continue to, but you should not have members of congress that are exploiting disasters to fund their pet projects, and so there will be time for all of those debates in Washington," Cruz said.
House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi urged the GOP to support emergency funding.
"Republicans must be ready to join Democrats in passing a timely relief bill that makes all necessary resources available through emergency spending," she said in a statement Monday.
The unprecedented levels of rain and flooding in Texas is also certainly to result in a surge in claims expected for the national flood insurance program. The current authorization for the program expires at the end of September. The major damage caused by Harvey means that the borrowing limit for the program will likely need to be increased.
The program is deeply in debt and broader reform efforts have been discussed, but have split Republicans along regional lines. If they can't agree on a broader bill Congress is likely to pass some type of short-term extension.
"The most common and costly natural disaster facing our nation is flooding," said Sen. Sherrod Brown, the top Democrat on the Senate banking committee, which handles reauthorization.
"It is too early to determine how hurricane Harvey will impact the timeline of NFIP reauthorization, but it is likely that Congress will pass a short-term extension to ensure the program doesn't lapse," he said.
A number of senators have drafted or introduced bipartisan legislation to reform the program. Senate banking committee chairman, Sen. Mike Crapo and Brown introduced a bill this summer that would extend the program for six years. Republican Sen. John Kennedy of Louisiana and Democratic Sen. Bob Menendez of New Jersey -- both of whom also sit on the banking committee -- introduced a reauthorization bill of their own that also provides a six-year extension and a series of reforms.
Meanwhile, the other Republican senator from Louisiana, Bill Cassidy, paired up with unlikely bedfellow Democratic Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand of New York to propose a 10-year reauthorization and gradual access by private insurers.
Beyond the FEMA disaster relief, congressional aides say more resources could be needed for the Community Development Block Grant program run by the Housing and Urban Development Department to help with emergency needs. Highway and transit infrastructure money may be needed to deal with the many roads and bridges that have been affected.
Pence committed in a radio interview with Houston station KHOU on Monday that federal help would get to those who need it.
"We're very confident that the Congress of the United States is going to be there to provide the resources necessary -- not only that that we already have with regard to rescue efforts, but to make sure that the disaster assistance that already some 22,000 Texans have signed up for is available and is there," he said.
"We actually anticipate that as many as a half a million people in Texas will be eligible for and applying for financial disaster assistance, and we remain very confident that with the reserves and with the support in the Congress, we'll have the resources that we need," he said.
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Having lived in the US most of his life, Jakarta-born Wona Sumantri embraced Indonesian culture through pencak silat, a traditional form of martial arts.
And now, the pencak silat instructor wants to teach more people in the US about it as a gateway to learning about Indonesia.
"I have been living in the US since I was five and I didn't know much about the country I was born in. But through pencak silat, I now feel like I've gotten to know Indonesia better," he said during the recent Congress Indonesian Diaspora in Jakarta.
His interest in pencak silat was sparked when he saw his father practicing Cimande-style silat, a style which is believed to have originated in West Java, at home every morning.
But Cimande-style bored young Wona, because as a kid, he yearned to take part in activities that involved dynamic movements.
"And then I found out that the Indonesian Embassy in Washington offered a pencak silat class. I enrolled in the course and I also signed-up at Al-Azhar pencak silat school in Maryland, Washington, which is currently still active," Wona said.
The 37-year-old said that it was pencak silat's movements that made it more special to him than other forms of martial arts.
"It's unique; the stance where we sit down or stand up still allows us to counter attack opponents. And it's very receptive, every movement must have its own purpose," Wona said.
After eight years in the US, he made a trip back to Indonesia at 13-years-old. He used his time in Indonesia to learn more about pencak silat. He took courses at Al-Azhar in Indonesia and met his father's martial art teacher, Rifai Sahid, who became Wona's private instructor, teaching him about different forms of pencak silat and its history. The more he learns about pencak silat, the deeper he falls in love with it.
"I should also say that different variations of pencak silat, like silat harimau (tiger-style), makes me interested in it even more," Wona said.
It was not difficult for Wona to pass a series of tests that were required to progress to higher levels. At just 16-years-old, Wona successfully reached the instructor level and began teaching pencak silat two years later at the Indonesian Embassy. However, becoming an instructor was just the beginning of his long journey in mastering different aspects of the traditional form of martial arts.
"We can't stop learning even if we become an instructor—that's actually just the start. I knew that I was nothing, so I had to keep learning," Wona said.
Wona is currently the head instructor at Al-Azhar pencak silat school, at the Indonesian Embassy and is an adjunct pencak silat professor at American University in Washington DC.
He currently has 100 students at Al-Azhar, mostly Americans who actively take part in many cultural events in the US.
"I teach my students, both at Al-Azhar and at the university, not only about pencak silat and its history, but also about Indonesia itself. I want them to know about Indonesia, too," Wona said.
He said that one of his students at the university was so interested in Indonesia after taking his course that she earned a scholarship from the Indonesian government to learn about Indonesian culture for three months in Indonesia.
"Many Americans become interested in Indonesia after learning a little bit about the country. Now I realize that pencak silat is also a tool to promote Indonesia's diverse cultures and tourism," Wona said.
After teaching at Al-Azhar and the embassy for years, Wona finally decided to open up his own pencak silat school in 2010, naming it Silat Martial Arts Academy in Maryland.
He said that he decided to make it commercial because he wanted to give people an alternative place to study pencak silat that had more flexible hours and offered a variety of courses, including private lessons, bladed weapons training and defense and martial arts for kids. However, it is not easy living in the US relying solely on work as an instructor. In between teaching his pencak silat courses, Wona also works as an IT consultant.
"I've always loved IT, and the money is good. To be realistic, it would be hard to get by just as a pencak silat instructor," the holder of a Master's Degree in IT from Maryland University said. Nevertheless, Wona's passion for pencak silat should never be questioned. He is currently working on creating a non-profit association that unites all pencak silat groups in the US.
"There are a lot of pencak silat groups in the US, but we don't work together. If we have an association, we can tell people that it's part of something bigger, that it does not only have one style," he said.
When that goal has been materialized, Wona said was already setting is mind on another target: returning home and seeing the beauty of the archipelago.
"I don't have the opportunity to explore my own country because I've been away since I was small. So when I make my return, I want to travel across Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Papua. Soon, hopefully," said Wona.
Once known as a hamlet of warriors in colonial times, Jampang village is now striving to pass on that legacy to its younger generation.
The sun shone brightly one Sunday in the village in Parung, Bogor. Dozens of children wearing black-and-white uniforms swarmed onto a field to learn and to practice the traditional Indonesian martial art known as pencak silat. Teachers soon led the pack and showed the students a few moves, followed by the students' echoing shouts under the scorching sun.
The practice sessions are part of weekly activities in Kampoeng Silat Jampang, a training center of traditional martial arts in Indonesia.
kabau in West Sumatra have silek harimau, the Sundanese have their cimande style and Bali has bakti negara. Some of those fighting methods have even gained reputations on the global stage, with their popularity reaching Australia, the US, Europe and Japan.
The self-defense technique got another boost from the success of the action movie The Raid, which features Indonesian actors performing pencak silat.
But despite the global fame, it is still a challenge to maintain the pencak silat tradition in the midst of modern society.
This has occurred in Jampang, where the heirs of the Betawi folk hero of the same name are believed to reside and are struggling to preserve the art.
According to local legend, Jampang was a warrior from Sukabumi, West Java. He was a good fighter and used his skills in pencak silat to battle against Dutch colonialism. On his way to Batavia (now Jakarta) to confront the enemy, the man was believed to have sojourned in what is now called Jampang, where he taught local people fighting skills.
A few hundred years later, Jampang's legacy is now under threat, according to Saptadji, 47, who was one of the teachers at Sunday's training session and the head of Kampoeng Silat Jampang. He said that youth in the area these days seem to have lost interest in pencak silat.
"They prefer to watch television or play video games," said the man.
The current situation is much in contrast to the past, Saptadji explained. In the old days, pencak silat was more than a self-defense technique but a way of life, as almost all the people in the village, both young and old, knew how to fight.
This strong cultural influence can still be traced through family histories, with almost all locals interviewed for this article explaining that their ancestors — either fathers, uncles or grandfathers — were pencak silat fighters.
Saptadji himself is the nephew of Sukarna, who is believed to be a sixth generation descendant of Jampang.
In attempts to pass on the legacy of his predecessors, Saptadji with the support of private foundation Dompet Dhuafa, initiated Kampoeng Silat Jampang in 2009 to revive the fighting tradition in his village.
One of the programs is free pencak silat training for everyone.
Saptadji said more than 1,000 people, mostly under 18 years of age, had joined.
"Most of them are residents of Jampang," Madroi explained.
In order to expand, fighting lessons are not only given on Sunday at Kampoeng Silat Jampang's headquarters at Rumah Sehat Terpadu Hospital for the poor founded by Dompet Dhuafa in Parung. Trainings are also offered at schools in the form of extracurricular activities.
Dompet Dhuafa representative Moh. Noor Awaluddin said the program had so far entered 17 schools in Jampang subdistrict.
Apart from regular exercises, Kampoeng Silat Jampang also holds an annual festival. The latest Kampoeng Silat Jampang festival was held at the beginning of November, which coincided with the program's fourth anniversary.
The event is a major gathering for traditional Indonesian martial arts groups. Saptadji said different self defense clubs attended the last festival to show off their unique skills and styles.
In the long run, Awaluddin hopes that Kampoeng Silat Jampang will become a new center for the development of the ancient self defense method in the country, standing side by side with the existing martial arts hub at Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, or perhaps replacing it.
"I hope in the future Kampoeng Silat Jampang will become the destination for people interested in finding out about traditional Indonesian martial arts," the man said.
Currently, Kampoeng Silat Jampang is the training ground for four different martial arts groups (Satria Muda Indonesia, Pancer Bumi Cikalong, Perisai Diri and Beksi Traditional Haji Hisbullah) and targeting two more (Tapak Suci and Merpati Putih), he said.
Europe, Japan and the US.
One of the Perisai Diri members is 16-year-old Bella Oktaviani. The senior in high school may be the perfect example of a Jampang village youth who helps to preserve pencak silat. The long-haired girl said she started with Perisai Diri one-and-a-half years ago through an extra curricular activity at her school.
"I wanted to learn about self-protection and through this program I have so many new friends," said the girl who participated in the Pencak Silat World Championship in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, this year.
The program's good influence on the young seems to have encouraged many parents to enroll their children in the Kampoeng Silat Kampang training program, including 35-year-old Lilis Kartika, who enlisted her 7-year-old, Muhamad Arravi, in Satria Muda.
"The main thing is so we don't lose what we had," said the woman, who is a native of Jampang.
The mother of two explained that her father and grandfather were pencak silat masters in the village and she said she was eager to see her son follow in the steps of his predecessors.
However, it turns out the program has strayed from its original mission of preserving the tradition. But in a good way.
Self defense skills, international recognition and soon financial benefits are on the list of good things coming from the efforts to save pencak silat in Jampang.
During an interview with The Jakarta Post, Awaluddin revealed Dompet Dhuafa's plan to develop a local home industry to produce martial arts weapons and accessories.
"We want to support locals in the production of daggers or silat costumes," he said.
This kind of support, Awaluddin added, is expected to improve people's living standards in the region and give residents strong reasons to continue preserving the tradition.
And good things lead to other good things. That is the lesson from Kampoeng Silat Jampang with its effort to preserve the pencak silat tradition, which in the end brings wider benefits to the whole village.
Presently O'ong and his wife live in Bangkok. He still teaches around the world.
Taken from Master O'ongs website http://www.kpsnusantara.com please visit for more exciting info on silat!
The launch of Assegais, Drums & Dragoons: A Military and Social History of the Cape by Willem Steenkamp went off, quite literally, with a bang when a nine-pounder muzzle-loaded cannon was fired by Mogomat Hartley, dressed in a unique straw hat, the uniform of the loyal Javanese Artillery Corps who fought at the Battle of Blaauwberg.
Steenkamp reflected briefly on the nature of the history of the Cape. "I've come to the conclusion that it's totally different from what we generally think," he said. This book, which is part military history and part social history, aims to answer the questions that were raised for him in his capacity as the organiser of the bicentenary celebrations of the Battle of Blaauwberg.
Steenkamp recalled this watershed battle on 8 January 1806, which ushered in the Second British Occupation of the Cape: "Something very strange happened there. The best trained Batavian soldiers cut and ran, almost at the first shot." He noted that the last ones on the battlefield were a small group of Dutch gunners, a small contingent of French, and three Cape regiments, the Hottentot Light Infantry, the Light Dragoons of Swellendam and the Javanese Artillery Corp.
Generous sponsorship for the book's launch, received from Uwe Koetter, Cynergy Liqueur and Longridge Wines, was gratefully acknowledged by Jonathan Ball's Ingeborg Pelser. Guests mingled afterwards in the remarkable Chavonnes Battery Museum, getting their books signed by the author, who had a personal note for each one.
181 men of the Hottentot Light Infantry, an efficient corps of professional coloured soldiers whose men had already acquired a fine reputation as occasionally turbulent but valiant fighters. They had been raised by the Dutch East India Company as the Korps Pandoeren in 1787 and, at the Battle of Muizenberg, during the first British invasion, had fought shoulder to shoulder with the Swellendam Light Dragoons. They were then recruited into the British service as the Cape Corps and in 1803, after the handover of the Cape to the Batavian Republic, into the Batavian service as the Hottentot Light Infantry. 224 men of the volunteer 'Burgher Cavalry', organised as light dragoons (mounted infantrymen,who rode to battle but fought on foot), mainly from the Swellendam district. The light dragoons were volunteers, drawn from the farming community. By 1806 they had acquired a fine track record, having fought very well at the Battle of Muizenberg during the first British invasion of 1795; when the DEIC regular troops had fled almost without firing a shot, the dragoons and the coloured soldiers of the Korps Pandoeren counter-attacked so ferociously that they drove a much larger British landing force back almost to the water's edge, and were only forced to retreat by artillery fire.
54 gunners of the 'Javanese Artillery Corps', assisted by l04 auxiliaries such as wagon-drivers. These Malay artillerymen were volunteer citizen-soldiers like the Swellendammers, members of a 'corps of free Javanese' from the 'Mardykers', the substantial community of freed slaves of Asian origin, which by that time was playing an increasingly important role in the social and economic life of the Cape. The corps was raised in 1804 to help in manning the Castle's guns, but served as foot artillery at Blaauwberg, firing traditional Indonesian light cannon known as 'lantakan', the only time these weapons are ever known to have been used in Africa. Less is known about their 104 auxiliaries, but it is known that they represented a cross-section of Cape Town's very cosmopolitan proletariat; some of them were almost certainly blacks who had come to the Cape from Mozambique and elsewhere.
Read about the battle in Assegais, Drums & Dragoons: A Military and Social History of the Cape by Willem Steenkamp.


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Home / Magazine / / Toxins without borders
Renewable Gardening
John Walker is an award-winning gardening and environment writer, author, blogger and micropublisher. His latest book is the new edition of Weeds: An Organic, Earth-friendly Guide to Their Identification, Use and Control. Despite occasional squirrel-fuelled frustration, John is enjoying eking a new earth- and climate-friendly garden from a once bracken-riddled hillside at his home in Snowdonia, North Wales. He has a large lean-to greenhouse powered by free, non-polluting and renewable modern sunshine.
All views expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of Hartley-Botanic.co.uk
Toxins without borders
The insidious effects of neonic insecticides are leaving bees and other beneficial insects with no safe place to go. There's still hope of rescue – but it will only happen with our help.
Any day now I'll hear a low buzz and a dull bumping on the glass out in my greenhouse. That's my cue to grab the 'bug vacuum' and launch one of the spring and summer's many rescue missions. Other than swaddling my greenhouse in netting, I've yet to find a foolproof way of persuading bumble bees to contain their curiosity and not fly on in. Some are on a mission of their own, zipping between flowers, helping to pollinate tomatoes and peppers, but most, once inside, are just riled at being caught behind glass. All the buzzing and bumping raises quite a din on a warm spring day, but once I 'hoover' them up and set them on their way, quiet returns.
Bees have been the source of a much louder noise of late. This particular buzz has come not from their wings, but from the media as it reports – albeit often half-heartedly – on another, far more serious 'rescue mission' that is underway. This mission affects not just bees, but other insects, and life in general, including us. It's calling into question things we do in our gardens which many of us hardly give a thought to – but which we must all start thinking far more seriously about. This mission, which needs the help of everyone who gardens, raises serious questions about the motives of our garden industry, and it gives us a tantalising glimpse of the collective non-purchasing power we can wield.
This bug killer contains the chemical thiacloprid, a neonic common in many garden products. Its packaging suggests its makers are devoid of any sense of irony…
It's not often you see gaps on garden centre shelves, especially in the chemical and fertiliser section; usually they're groaning under all kinds of man-made stuff that nature never intended us to put on our gardens. But selling insecticides, fungicides and weedkillers is lucrative, so manufacturers invest dizzying sums in trying to persuade us to buy them. (Roundup, who sell glyphosate weedkiller, is undertaking a 'multimillion pound' campaign to get gardeners buying it, despite a gathering cloud of question marks over its environmental impact.) This money buys influential space in gardening magazines and newspapers, on TV and radio, and online. But at a garden centre recently, I found gaps where certain products, containing what are known as neonicotinoid or 'neonic' insecticides (there's a whole gang of them), had been withdrawn from sale.
Neonics are engineered to kill 'pests' which attack garden plants; when they chew on the tissues or suck the sap of a polluted plant, they get a fatal bellyful of chemical, and die. Bees – honey bees, wild bumbles and solitary species – were considered to be unaffected by neonics because they're not 'pests' and don't usually suck sap or munch on plant tissue. However, scientific studies show that honey and bumble bees (as well as other less glamorous insects) can be affected by even minute traces of neonics. In soulless jargon-speak, 'sub-lethal' amounts are foraged by bees gathering pollen and honey, much of which is taken back to their hives or nests to feed their offspring. It's worth noting that some neonics are sold for use on edible plants, so you'll be getting a sub-lethal dose too when you put a tomato – or anything else you've treated – on your plate; this stuff doesn't wash off. Although manufacturers claim there is minimal risk to birds and mammals from neonics, few long-term studies have been carried out.
The big problem for insects, including bees, is that the effects of neonics are cumulative: each time a bee visits a polluted flower, it picks up another shot of chemical, in nectar and/or pollen either for its own use or to feed its offspring. Scientific studies show that even infinitesimal traces of neonics can cause honey bees to become muddled because of memory, learning and communication problems, making returning to their hives difficult; they also find it harder to move around and forage. Repeated exposure to sub-lethal doses of neonics over long periods also affects bees and other insects in other ways: erratic movement, rapid wing-beats, paralysis, and even death. Their immune systems can also be weakened, making them disease-prone. It's this mounting, irreversible damage to insects' nervous systems that packs the neonics with such an ecologically damaging punch; insects can't recover from contact with neonics, while each new encounter deepens the damage.
Neonic insecticides pollute plants from top to toe. Even nectar and pollen collected by bees and other insects becomes tainted.
Neonics are also persistent in the wider environment. They can build up in garden soil (to which they're applied as a root drench), and can have debilitating effects on earthworms. There are knock-on effects, too. If insects or other small creatures imbibe low doses of neonics, then anything further up the food chain that eats them – say aphid-eating birds like blue tits – gets a hit, too.
If you garden in a more earth-friendly, organic way, you probably get a buzz from knowing that your garden is pesticide-free, and that it is filled with bee- and insect-friendly flowers, none of which have been polluted with neonics or anything else. 'Your' bees, you would think, are safe.
Perhaps your garden is the last in a row of six. You tend it organically and don't use synthetic bug killers – but your neighbours regularly spray their flowers and vegetables with neonics (which are heavily advertised). On its journey from your farthest neighbours' garden, a bumble or honey bee might visit hundreds or thousands of flowers en route to your organic, pesticide-free patch. Each one of those blooms is potentially polluted, and may pass on to the bee, via its pollen and/or nectar, a sub-lethal dose of neonic insecticide, adding to the total amassing in its body.
The bee might not be showing any obvious ill effects as it stops over in your garden – but what about the next garden it visits, or if it ventures out in the countryside, where neonic use is widespread? On the edges of treated fields, not even wildflowers escape; if they come into contact with neonics, they're polluted too, as is their pollen and nectar. And spare a thought for butterflies, moths and other familiar insects such as hoverflies, which will be flying a similar route.
We're told incessantly that using chemicals in our gardens is down to 'personal choice', but if there was ever an example of how illusory that choice is, using neonicotinoids must surely be it. These chemicals cause widespread, unchecked pollution of our natural world, but are staunchly defended by their manufacturers, and by a gardening industry which wants to flog them to us. Neonics' very presence on a retailer's shelf makes a mockery of the idea that our gardens can be safe havens for bees, other insects, and garden life in general.
Each of us can rescue individual bees which get waylaid in our greenhouses, but it's now time for a wider, collective effort. Much of the buzz around the plight of bees is stuck in the stodgy language of international law, and lost in the only lukewarm media interest. I am still waiting to hear an edition of 'Gardener's Question Time', or read an in-depth gardening magazine article, explaining exactly how these chemicals work and why we must stop using them (let alone why we don't need them in the first place).
Those gappy shelves are the first sign that a bigger rescue mission has begun. The sellers of neonics are removing them because thanks to some vigorous, engaging campaigning, and to new scientific research, their role in the decline of our bee populations is becoming better and more widely understood. No garden centre or other retailer wants to be seen to be doing the 'wrong' thing by selling an environmental pollutant – so many have increasingly empty shelves, despite the 'all is well' messages being beamed out by horticultural trade organisations.
It's time to up the rescuers' ante. We know garden centres are responding to pressure to do away with neonics – the gaps prove it. Now it's time to save the garden chemical makers some money, by asking your favourite gardening magazine to stop carrying advertisements for neonic bug killers. Quite a coup awaits the first publisher to declare their magazines 'neonic-free'. But if they are to do the right thing by bees and other insects, and avoid polluting our natural world – which is surely what every gardener wants? – they'll need a nudge. A noisy one if need be.
Text and images © John Walker
Biff Vernon
An excellent article, John. I've added a link from the website of The Louth Festival of the Bees at http://transitiontownlouth.org.uk/bees.html
Michelle Storm
What an excellent and informative article. Thanks so much for all the useful information. I've also heard via Twitter that plants we buy from garden centres and online may be pre treated and we should ask before we purchase. My garden is organic but I have no idea if I've bought 'poisonous' plants unknowingly. It's really worrying as my garden is packed with bees every summer.
Another excellent article by John Walker, one of my favourite garden writers.
I find it absolutely shameful that claims are made by manufactures on patents and product literature and this is ignored by the regulators. Patents, see:
http://www.buzzaboutbees.net/neonicotinoid-pesticides-and-non-target-insects.html
Bayer market a product for Termites (social colony insects like bees). See these 2 links:
http://www.buzzaboutbees.net/varroa-mite.html
http://www.buzzaboutbees.net/honey-bee-pesticide-poisoning-incidents.html
There is a more sinister side to neonics and gardens. They are being used on a vast scale in the horticulture trade and almost any tray plant, potted plant or bulb plant which arrives from Holland is almost certain to have been treated with neonics before you buy it: as a seed coating; in the potting-on compost and with a foliar top up at point of sale.
Neonics are used on a vast scale as lawn and turf treatments against leatherjackets (daddly longleg larvae) and they render turf permanently poisonous to bees for up to 4 years. You may apply it to the lawn but the toxin migrates through soil into flower borders and wildflowers, making them equally deadly to bees. Neonics are used on millions of lawns as well as on golf courses, bowling greens, school playing fields, cricket pitches, hospital verges etc etc. Is it surprising that bees and butterflies and birds are disappearing by the billion.
"Our Toxic Countryside" – how neonics are killing bees and birds/
Please download article from the Beekepers Quarterly here:
https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B7FCgF0BwlDGN25iTHoxdlhabms
This article shows us that the campaign to ban neonics is just a staging post on the journey towards the banning of all synthetic chemicals in agriculture.
His sly dig at ROUNDUP, the most effective weed killer of all time, gives the game away, and it's banning must be the holy grail of the green movement – they can't abide its success.
Truly Ecellent article John- thanks for all you are doing to educate gardeners.
It is appalling that the RHS is promoting neonicotinoids
Gardeners World is promoting neonicotinoids
Gardeners Question Tim is promoting neonicotinoids
Bunny Guinness is promoting neonicotinoids
Countryfile is promoting neonicotinoids
Cosima Krueger-Cunningham
Thank you for drawing attention to the fact that insects have no concept of human, artificial boundaries such a property lines. It would be so helpful to have someone do a "bee's eye view" mapping of neighborhoods, which could include timing of flowering of sources of nectar, spacing of such sources, and so on so that people could begin to think like beneficial insects. I'm also glad that you drew attention to the perverting effect which advertising revenues in gardening publications have had on the way people garden. Glad that Hartley is willing to take the lead on breaking free of this "downward spiral."
An additional thought: Here in the United States I find that the nursery industry is under-regulated in a number of ways. For example, it's very difficult to get information about toxic chemical insecticidal, fungicidal and/or herbicidal seed, root and foliage treatments that allow the industry to get plant products in marketable-appearing shape to the point-of-sale in garden centers. I don't know whether the UK has any kind of manditory labeling like this. One big concern for me is rose treatments. For example, I suspect that I have unknowingly purchased neonic-treated rose rootstocks from an online nursery here without having seen any form of disclosure about this beforehand. The horticultural industry should really be legally bound to disclose this kind of information to their customers.
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Adobe to buy Novato's Scene7
By Carla Bova |
PUBLISHED: May 3, 2007 at 12:00 a.m. | UPDATED: July 19, 2018 at 9:09 a.m.
San Jose software company Adobe Systems Inc. announced Thursday that it plans to purchase Novato's Scene7, which helps retailers like Macy's add real-time media to their Web sites.
"What impressed us most is that Scene7 built a really good business and incredible client and customer list," said Russell Brady, director of public relations at Adobe. "Those two things made Scene7 a great acquisition for us."
The acquisition is expected to close by the end of the month. Financial terms were not disclosed.
The majority of about 80 Scene7 employees will "most likely" work at Adobe offices in San Francisco or Santa Rosa, Brady said. Scene7 will maintain its office at Hangar Six in Hamilton Landing through the end of its lease in September.
Scene7 chief executive officer and co-founder Doug Mack is expected to take the position of vice president of creative solutions services at Adobe.
"Adobe is the ideal company to speed the development and worldwide distribution of our rich media solutions," Mack said. "Our joint customers, partners and employees will benefit greatly as we create strategic integrations with Adobe products, raise the visibility of Scene7's solutions and expand Adobe's portfolio of hosted solutions."
Adobe reported about $2.58 billion in revenue in 2006 and it has 6,068 employees in 60 offices around the world.
"Adobe is a world-class company that was rated by Fortune magazine as one of the Top 100 best companies to work for," Mack said. "Scene7 is just scraping the surface of our potential for our product line, and becoming part of Adobe dramatically will increase our credibility and increase awareness of our products worldwide. We will benefit from Adobe's global infrastructure."
Companies use Scene7 software to add features like zoom, personalization and interactivity to their online product catalogs. Scene7 clients include Sears, Macy's, Levi Strauss & Co., Zillow.com, Anthropologie, Lands' End and QVC.
"If you go to a Web site like Lands' End, go to its product catalog, choose a sweater then choose it in a different color and it changes from blue to red, Scene7 technologies helps you do that," Brady said. "It is a way of delivering a rich media experience to consumers and to update content so they can see what the sweater will look like in red."
Through the purchase, Adobe plans to expand interactive publishing services and maintain the online presence of its creative technologies. John Loiacono, senior vice president of creative solutions at Adobe, said the acquisition will help Adobe build out an Internet infrastructure, develop Scene7's customer list and accelerate online technologies.
"Adobe does not have the kind of technology or sales force or business model they have, so we want to build out their customer list," Brady said. "A lot of the file formats and software used by their clients and customers is already Adobe software, like Photoshop, and just by further integrating their online infrastructure will help us with our own online plans."
Contact Carla Bova via e-mail at cbova@marinij.com
Read more Business and stocks stories at the IJ's Business and stocks page.
Carla Bova


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