*Lunch is available 11 am - 4:30 pm, Monday - Friday.
Cup ($9) or bowl ($14).
Smoked beef tenderloin, onion, horseradish cream, bleu cheese, toasted baguette crostini.
Cup ($9) or bowl ($14). Daily special varies based on seasonal ingredients. Please contact your Runner or the merchant for inquiries about the daily soup special.
Dry rubbed, pit smoked with bleu cheese slaw & bbq sauce.
Capers, red onion, dill crème fraîche, toasted baguette crostini.
Homegrown tomato, avocado, red onion, hearts of palm, arugula, smoky cumin vinaigrette. Add jumbo lump crab (+$3).
Pecan-smoked beef tenderloin medallions, stacked romaine hearts, bleu cheese dressing, tomato, cucumber, bacon, parmesan croutons.
Romaine & spring mixed lettuce, tomato, cucumber, sliced egg, bacon, parmesan cheese, lemon vinaigrette.
Curried chicken salad, golden raisins, green apple walnuts, grapes, mint & basil and bibb lettuce cups.
Homegrown tomato, shrimp, red remoulade, egg, greens, red onions, lemon vinaigrette.
Mixed lettuce, cherry tomatoes, banyuls vinaigrette, goat cheese crostini.
Mixed greens, panko breaded jumbo lump crab lemon vinaigrette, tarragon beurre blanc.
Stacked romaine hearts, classic caesar dressing, parmesan, croutons & grilled or country fried chicken.
Chopped romaine, chickpeas, corn, tomato, cucumber, avocado, buttermilk dressing, parmesan & grilled or country-fried shrimp.
Mixed greens, grapes, fresh berries, feta, walnuts aged red wine vinaigrette. Choice of grilled or country fried chicken.
Avocado, remoulade slaw, french hoagie, hand cut waffle chips.
1/2 lb specialty grind Akaushi beef, bibb lettuce, tomato onion, pickle, challah bun, hand cut fries. Add cheddar, blue, gruyere, smoked gouda, avocado, bacon, sauteed mushrooms.
Panko crusted chicken cutlet, cilantro-cabbage slaw, habanero crema, challah bun, hand cut waffle chips.
TX gold cheddar, bacon, homegrown tomato, pickled jalapeños, seeded multigrain toast, house-made chips.
Texas green tomato, bacon, homegrown tomato, spicy mayo, crisp romaine, seeded multigrain toast, hand cut waffle chips.
Panko breaded jumbo lump crab, roasted red bell pepper, bibb lettuce, saffron tartar sauce, challah bun and hand cut waffle chips.
Braised short rib, debris gravy, shaved ham, white remoulade slaw, french roll, hand cut waffle chips.
Fettuccine, slow-braised beef & pork, slow cooked tomato sauce, garlic bread.
Mashed potatoes, roasted vegetables, cracked pepper cream gravy.
Black pepper & lemon garlic butter.
Remoulade slaw, hand cut fries.
Cajun dirty rice, stewed okra & tomatoes.
Vegetable couscous, lemon olive oil.
Fingerling potato green bean & tomato salad.
Wild mushrooms risotto, horseradish cream.
Available for lunch only on Fridays. Mac & Cheese, collard greens.
*Available during dinner 4:30 pm - close, Monday - Sunday.
*Add small garden salad (+$5).
Sunday only! Tomato-bacon jam, mashed potatoes, green beans.
Monday only! Tenderloin of beef, wild mushroom demi-glace, white wine cream sauce, pappardelle pasta.
Tuesday only! Pulled chicken, carrots, mushrooms, peas, pastry crust, chopped salad.
Roasted red pepper coulis, tarragon beurre blanc.
Raw tuna, avocado, jalapeño, crisp taro root chips.
Capers, red onion, dill crème fraîche, toasted baguette.
Creole black pepper & lemon butter, rosemary, grilled bread.
Caramelized onion, horseradish cream, bleu cheese, crostini.
Choice of Cup ($9) or bowl ($14).
Romaine hearts, tomato, cucumbers, bacon, parmesan, house croutons, bleu cheese dressing. Add pecan smoked beef tenderloin (+$11). .
Romaine, avocado, chickpeas, corn, tomatoes, cucumbers, parmesan, buttermilk dressing. Add grilled chicken (+$8) or pecan smoked beef tenderloin (+$10).
Mixed lettuce, cherry tomatoes, banyuls vinaigrette, green goddess goat cheese crostini.
Fresh gulf oysters, mixed greens, sweet corn-jalapeño relish, crisp bacon, parmesan red chile buttermilk dressing.
Stacked romaine hearts, classic caesar dressing, flash fried anchovy, parmesan, house croutons.
Sweet potato, dried cranberries, toasted walnuts, toasted goat cheese, balsamic-bacon dressing.
Homegrown tomato, avocado, red onion, hearts of palm, arugula, smoky cumin vinaigrette. Add jumbo lump crab (+$15).
Red wine braised short ribs, jalapeño cheese grits, roasted carrots & pearl onions. Make it "sunny side up" with an egg, upon request.
Whipped potatoes, roasted vegetables, cracked pepper cream gravy.
Bone-in breast, couscous, roasted market vegetables, panzanella salad & natural jus.
Jerk spice rub, caramelized sweet potatoes, avocado purée, lump crab.
Black pepper & garlic butter, stone ground grits. Add an Egg Sunny Side Up.
Lump crab, creole okra & tomatoes, cajun dirty rice.
Roasted cauliflower, brussels, olive oil, garlic, pine nuts, red chile, pecorino romano. Add grilled chicken (+$8), or grilled shrimp (+$10).
Cauliflower puree, roasted market vegetables, lemon thyme beurre blanc.
Mashed potatoes, sauteed green beans, cheddar biscuit, bread and butter pickles, tx wildflower honey.
Sweet corn mashed potatoes, spinach. Sixteen ounces.
Mashed potatoes, wild mushroom demi-glace, roasted market vegetables.
Prime beef, roasted garlic, bourbon shallot cream, potatoes lyonnaise, grilled broccolini. Sixteen ounces.
Whipped potatoes, portobello mushroom, broccoli, horseradish cream. Eight ounces.
Seasonal fruit, TX wildflower honey, vanilla bean ice cream.
Vanilla wafer crust, candied lemon, blueberry-chamomile-lavender coulis.
Sponge cake & toasted meringue.
Medjool dates, dark roast coffee caramel, spiced pecans & vanilla bean ice cream.
White chocolate & vanilla-bourbon cream sauce.
Assortment of freshly baked cookies from classic recipes. Add a scoop of ice cream (+$3).


text:
[[missing key: search-facet.tree.open-section]] teachers by subject (1)
elocution teacher (1)
film actor or actress (1)
film director (1)
drama teacher (5)
stage actor or actress (3)
drama teacher x
Adler, Stella (1901-1992), actress and acting teacher
Mark Fearnow
Adler, Stella (10 February 1901–21 December 1992), actress and acting teacher, was born in New York City, the daughter of Jacob Adler, an actor, and Sara Levitzky Adler, an actress and producer. As part of the first family of the American Yiddish theater, Adler was acting from the age of five. Like her parents and five siblings, she was in constant demand as her parents' Independent Yiddish Art Company played its ever-expanding repertory to packed houses on the city's Lower East Side. The child-actor's schedule allowed little time for formal education beyond reading and theatergoing....
Boleslavsky, Richard Valentinovich (1889-1937), acting teacher, stage and film director, actor, and author
Steve Vineberg
Boleslavsky, Richard Valentinovich (04 February 1889–17 January 1937), acting teacher, stage and film director, actor, and author, was born Boleslaw Ryszard Srzednicki in Plock, Poland, the son of Valentine Srzednicki, a landowner, and Pani (maiden name unknown). When the family estate was lost, the Srzednickis relocated to South Bessarabia and then to Odessa, where Boleslaw received his education at the Polytechnic Institute of Odessa and the University of Odessa. He joined an amateur theater group in Odessa called the Polish Hearth, which he administered during his college days, in addition to performing leading roles. His first professional acting engagement was with a Russian troupe, sometime around 1904; his career began to flourish in 1908, when he was fully accepted as a student at the Moscow Art Theatre (MAT) and almost immediately was admitted into the acting company. Richard Valentinovich Boleslavsky was his stage name, and he retained it when he immigrated to the United States in 1922....
Eytinge, Rose (1835-1911), actress, author, and teacher
Brenda Murphy
Eytinge, Rose (21 November 1835–20 December 1911), actress, author, and teacher, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her parents are believed to have been David Eytinge, a language teacher and translator, and Rebecca (maiden name unknown). Eytinge was educated at home in Philadelphia and later Brooklyn. After some amateur success in Brooklyn, she began her professional stage career in 1852, at the age of seventeen, with an engagement with the Geary Hough stock company in Syracuse, New York....
Morgan, Anna (1851-1936), speech and drama teacher
Barbara L. Tischler
Morgan, Anna (24 February 1851–27 August 1936), speech and drama teacher, was born in Fleming, New York, the daughter of Allen Denison Morgan, a gentleman farmer, and Mary Jane Thornton. After the death of her father in 1876, Anna moved with her family to Chicago, where she studied elocution at the Hershey School of Music. She soon earned a local reputation as a dramatic reader with a naturalistic approach that contrasted with the current fashion of more stilted and stylized speech. Her repertoire included selections from plays by Shakespeare, Schiller, and Maurice Maeterlinck, and poetry by authors that ranged from Robert Browning to ...
Strasberg, Lee (1901-1982), acting teacher
Bethany Neubauer
Strasberg, Lee (17 November 1901–17 February 1982), acting teacher, was born Israel Strassberg in Budanov, Austria-Hungary (now Russia), the son of Baruch Meyer Strasberg, a garment worker, and Ida Diner. Strasberg's father and older siblings immigrated to the United States in 1904; the rest of the family followed in 1908 and settled on the Lower East Side of New York City. Lee's participation in theater began as a child when he performed with the Progressive Dramatic Club, an amateur Yiddish theater group. He dropped out of high school after his sophomore year when his younger brother died of influenza. To help support the family, Lee took a job as a clerk with a wig manufacturing company, eventually becoming a partner in the firm....

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


If you've been looking for an exciting opportunity to live in another country, then consider volunteering your professional skill set with Habitat in one of the countries where we build.
For durations of three to 12 months or more, our international Habitat offices are looking for reliable, dedicated volunteers to help us advance our mission to provide safe, affordable housing around the world.
There are opportunities for volunteers to utilize their construction skills as a builder, site assistant or foreman. However, we are also looking for volunteers who want to apply their unique business skills to office positions such as social media advisor, grant writer, volunteer coordinator, Global Village assistant, research assistant, communications specialist, program or resource development specialist, as well as other administrative roles.
We need excited people like you who are willing to do the challenging work of improving and strengthening communities. Poor housing conditions are a worldwide problem, and it takes the devotion and commitment of many volunteers to create lasting solutions.
Ready to join us? Search for our international volunteer opportunities.
Who can apply to be an international long-term volunteer?
You must be at least 18 years of age to qualify. You'll also need to be open to learning about other cultures, adaptable to other ways of living, and curious about the world at large. Other than that, we would just need to make sure your skills match the position in question.
How long are volunteer assignments?
The average long-term international volunteer commitment is six to 12 months.
Where are the international long-term volunteer assignments?
There are no set locations. It varies by which Habitat offices request assistance. But past locations have included Argentina, Armenia, Cambodia, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Egypt, Ghana, Haiti, Hungary, Ireland, Kenya, Nicaragua, Tanzania and Zambia.
This will depend based on location as costs of living vary greatly all over the world. You'll find an estimation in each volunteer position posting. In some cases, the local Habitat office will also provide assistance with local transportation, housing or other support. In all cases, however, you'd be responsible for international medical insurance, food and travel to and from the host country.
Do you have any short-term international volunteer opportunities?
Yes, please check out our Global Village program.


text:
Halle Berry Says She Set Her Razzie Award For 'Catwoman' On Fire
By Abby Monteil	 Dec 8, 2021 at 9:45am
Geezer Rage: What Happens When The Last Generation Of Movie Stars Get Their AARP Cards?
Is 'Bruised' Based on a True Story?
Stream It Or Skip It: 'Bruised' on Netflix, an MMA Underdog Story and Halle Berry's Directorial Debut
What Time Will 'Bruised' Be On Netflix? How to Watch the Halle Berry Movie
Halle Berry wasn't too interested in the Golden Raspberry "Razzie" Award she won for Catwoman. In a new interview for Vanity Fair, the actress (perhaps jokingly) revealed that she set the award on fire after accepting it in-person at the ceremony.
Released in 2004, Catwoman was largely panned by critics, earning just a 9% score on Rotten Tomatoes. It later won multiple awards at the Razzies, a parody awards show honoring the worst films of the year. Catwoman took home the trophies for "Worst Picture" and "Worst Actress" for Berry.
The actress — who had previously become the first Black woman to win the Best Actress Oscar for the 2001 romantic drama Monster's Ball — joked in her recent Vanity Fair interview that she "set that thing on fire" afterward. Still, she explained that she decided to attend the Razzie Award ceremony because "I feel like we all take ourselves too seriously."
"If we get an award, if we get the Oscar, we somehow are made to feel like we're somehow better than everybody else, but we're really not," she said. "You were just chosen that year by your peers, and you were acknowledged for doing what they considered stellar work… If you find yourself face to face with a Razzie, does that mean you're the worst actor there ever was? Probably not. You just got the piss taken out of you by a group of people that can."
Berry, who recently made her feature directorial debut with the Netflix film Bruised, would also be interested in making a new and improved Catwoman film of her own.
"I would have Catwoman saving the world — like most male superheroes do — and not just saving women from their faces cracking off," she said during an interview for reporter Jake Hamilton's YouTube channel, Jake's Takes. "I would make the stakes a lot higher and I think make it more inclusive of both men and women."
Where to watch Catwoman
'The View' Lambastes Kyrsten Sinema and Joe Manchin: "Rooster in a Hen House"
Stream It Or Skip It: 'Juanpis González - The Series' On Netflix, Where Alejandro Riaño's Clueless Rich Guy Character Gets A Scripted Series


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Working with the Web Site Acceleration Tools is in fact simple and easy. Simply log into your Web Control Panel and see how each web accelerator tool operates.
If you have a fast paced database–powered website or web app, it may well have problems running fast for the site visitors because of the different calls sent to the data base. To aid you fix the web page loading trouble, we have listed the Memcached tool inside the Web Control Panel.
Memcached is really a potent distributed memory object caching platform, which collects information and also objects in the server's memory to avoid the database from getting queried every time a customer loads a selected web page. In this way, your web site pages are going to load a lot quicker for site visitors and will raise the possibility for them to return.
Utilizing the Varnish website accelerator application integrated into Virtual Prime Location's Web Control Panel, you can easily make your site web pages stream much faster for your website visitors. All configurations are done by using an uncomplicated interface, with no need to come up with any immediate alterations to the back–end code of your web site.
Varnish is really an HTTP acceleration instrument that helps all web pages come up quicker by storing them in the server memory. That way, right after a webpage has been loaded by a visitor once, it will not have to be delivered by the hosting server any further, which in turn minimizes loading times and then quickens your web pages. It's been tested that Varnish in general hastens site loading times with a factor of 300 – 1000x.
Should you want to generate an application, it is best to have the instruments you'll need on hand right away, with no need to hunt, compile and have them set up. Our Web Control Panel will save you both the energy and time, by offering you the equipment you need right close at hand.


text:
Capsid
Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Organisms 18
Actinomycetales
Alphaproteobacteria
Streptomyces
Gammaproteobacteria
Prevotella
Lactobacillus
Chromosome Deletion
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
DNA Restriction Enzymes
DNA Transposable Elements
DNA, Fungal
Codon
RNA, Viral
Oligonucleotide Probes
Viral Proteins
Cyanogen Bromide
DNA, Recombinant
Protein Precursors
RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Oxidoreductases
Pigments, Biological
DNA, Plant
RNA, Ribosomal
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Poly A
DNA-Binding Proteins
DNA Probes
Capsid Proteins
Quinones
Escherichia coli Proteins
Viral Structural Proteins
Endopeptidases
DNA, Mitochondrial
Serine Endopeptidases
DNA, Intergenic
Macromolecular Substances
DNA, Archaeal
Restriction Mapping
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Chromosome Mapping
Blotting, Southern
Sequence Analysis, RNA
DNA Mutational Analysis
Genetic Complementation Test
Blotting, Northern
Mutagenesis, Insertional
Multilocus Sequence Typing
Mycological Typing Techniques
DNA Fingerprinting
Models, Genetic
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Base Composition
Open Reading Frames
Genes, rRNA
Multigene Family
Genetic Variation
Sequence Homology
Gene Library
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Genome, Viral
Evolution, Molecular
Exons
Genes, Viral
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Genomic Library
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Introns
Point Mutation
Recombination, Genetic
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Genes, Fungal
Consensus Sequence
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Geologic Sediments
Protein Biosynthesis
Sequence Deletion
Genome, Bacterial
Polymorphism, Genetic
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Mutagenesis
Genes, Regulator
Gene Order
RNA Splicing
Mutation, Missense
Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
Reading Frames
Frameshift Mutation
Aerobiosis
Pseudogenes
Genes, Plant
Amino Acid Motifs
Water Microbiology
Information Science 5
Chemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Sequence Analysis, DNAMolecular Sequence DataBase SequenceAmino Acid SequenceSequence AnalysisPhylogenyCloning, MolecularRNA, Ribosomal, 16SDNA, BacterialSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidDNA, RibosomalSequence Homology, Amino AcidSequence AlignmentGenes, BacterialPolymerase Chain ReactionRestriction MappingBase CompositionBacterial ProteinsOpen Reading FramesGenes, rRNANucleic Acid HybridizationSequence Analysis, ProteinDNAMutationSpecies Specificity
Jalview is free software for protein and nucleic acid sequence alignment generation, visualisation and analysis. (jalview.org)
Improvements to the in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a process of in vitro enzymatic amplification of specific nucleic acid sequences within the cells where they originate, can be achieved by changing the way that the enzymatic reaction is started. (google.es)
g) detecting said amplified nucleic acid in a manner which locates it in the individual cells originally containing said target nucleic acid sequence. (google.es)
A nucleic acid hybridization assay employing an immobilized or immobilizable polynucleotide probe selected to form DNA.RNA or RNA.RNA hybrids with the particular polynucleotide sequence to be determined. (google.ca)
This invention relates to nucleic acid hybridization assay methods and reagent systems for detecting specific polynucleotide sequences. (google.ca)
The principle of nucleic acid hybridization assays was developed by workers in the recombinant DNA field as a means for determining and isolating particular polynucleotide base sequences of interest. (google.ca)
Sequence information (Nucleic Acid and Protein) from extant species can be used to infer the sequences of common ancestor species which can be synthesized and tested in the lab. (openwetware.org)
Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction refers to the construction of hypothesized protein or DNA sequences belonging to a common ancestor of extant proteins or DNA. (openwetware.org)
Sequences from extant species of the desired common ancestral gene and outgroup genes are aligned. (openwetware.org)
Consensus Sequence - the most frequently occurring residue of a extant organisms is assumed to be the ancestral state. (openwetware.org)
The extremely high promiscuity of the Precambrian enzyme compared to extant sequences indicates that over the past few billion years, β lactamases have evolved greater substrate specificity. (openwetware.org)
The Precambrian enzyme featured a denaturation temperature of ~90°C, which is 35°C above that of the highest extant sequence. (openwetware.org)
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains examined here are AB193748-AB193756, and those for the gyrB gene sequences are AB193757-AB193766. (microbiologyresearch.org)
For example, Jalview supports 8 popular methods for multiple sequence alignment, prediction of protein secondary structure by JPred and disorder prediction by four methods. (jalview.org)
Jalview hands-on training course is for anyone who works with sequence data and multiple sequence alignments from proteins, RNA and DNA. (jalview.org)
Day 1 is an introduction to protein multiple sequence alignment editing and analysis with Jalview . (jalview.org)
One example of ancestral sequence reconstruction was done by the Matz group (currently residing at the University of Texas at Austin). (openwetware.org)
By labeling such complementary probe nucleic acids with some readily detectable chemical group, it was then made possible to detect the presence of any polynucleotide sequence of interest in a test medium containing sample nucleic acids in single stranded form. (google.ca)
The ability to resurrect sequences from the dead and test them relieves us from these temporal limitations. (openwetware.org)
It includes sophisticated editing options and provides a range of analysis tools to investigate the structure and function of macromolecules through a multiple window interface. (jalview.org)
Day 2 focuses on using Jalview for RNA sequence analysis, and also integrating cDNA and protein analysis and covers more advanced applications after lunch. (jalview.org)
homologous sequences
A common use for pairwise sequence alignment is to take a sequence of interest and compare it to all known sequences in a database to identify homologous sequences. (wikipedia.org)
This webinar focuses on how to use tools like BLAST and PSI-Search to find homologous sequences in EMBL-EBI databases, including tips on which tool and database to use, input formats, how to change parameters and how to interpret the results. (ebi.ac.uk)
The nucleotide sequence APIs visualize and analyze genomes, as well as find specific genes and splice sites within a genome. (programmableweb.com)
Some of his scientific contributions involve the first genetic sequencing of a ribosomal RNA operon, the design of plasmids for studying gene expression, expression vectors for high-level production of recombinant proteins and RNA, RNA biology, RNomics as well as the significance of retroposition for plasticity and evolution of genomes, genes and gene modules including regulatory sequences or elements. (wikipedia.org)
In bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting a DNA, RNA or peptide sequence to any of a wide range of analytical methods to understand its features, function, structure, or evolution. (wikipedia.org)
SEALS - SEALS (A System for Easy Analysis of Lots of Sequences) is a software package expressly designed for large-scale research projects in bioinformatics. (bioinformatics.org)
Social sequence analysis is a special application of sequence analysis , a set of methods that were originally designed in bioinformatics to analyze DNA , RNA , and peptide sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Hi All, Genops Bioinformatics Inc., a Vancouver BC based company has released an evaluation version integrated sequence analysis package. (bioinformatics.org)
In particular, we refrained from any extensive discussion of the statistical basis and algorithmic aspects of sequence analysis because these can be found in several recent books on computational biology and bioinformatics (see ♦4.8) and, no less importantly, because we cannot claim advanced expertise in this area. (springer.com)
2001. Bioinformatics: a practical guide to the analysis of genes and proteins . (springer.com)
2000. Bioinformatics: Sequence and genome analysis . (springer.com)
Bowtie is a software package commonly used for sequence alignment and sequence analysis in bioinformatics. (wikipedia.org)
Bowtie is used as a sequence aligner by a number of other related bioinformatics algorithms, including TopHat, Cufflinks and the CummeRbund Bioconductor package. (wikipedia.org)
In bioinformatics, alignment-free sequence analysis approaches to molecular sequence and structure data provide alternatives over alignment-based approaches. (wikipedia.org)
The emergence and need for the analysis of different types of data generated through biological research has given rise to the field of bioinformatics. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular sequence and structure data of DNA, RNA, and proteins, gene expression profiles or microarray data, metabolic pathway data are some of the major types of data being analysed in bioinformatics. (wikipedia.org)
Since the origin of bioinformatics, sequence analysis has remained the major area of research with wide range of applications in database searching, genome annotation, comparative genomics, molecular phylogeny and gene prediction. (wikipedia.org)
The TAS approach incorporates bioinformatics techniques to produce a large amount of data at a fraction of the cost involved in Sanger sequencing. (wikipedia.org)
In 1969 the analysis of sequences of transfer RNAs were used to infer residue interactions from correlated changes in the nucleotide sequences, giving rise to a model of the tRNA secondary structure. (wikipedia.org)
There are millions of protein and nucleotide sequences known. (wikipedia.org)
The Center for Biological Sequence Analysis offers a collection of SOAP-based APIs for working with nucleotide sequences, amino acid sequences, and small molecules. (programmableweb.com)
Two important algorithms for aligning pairs of sequences are the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm and the Smith-Waterman algorithm. (wikipedia.org)
Development of statistical methods and algorithms for RNA-seq data analysis, including single-cell RNA-seq data. (upenn.edu)
The size of this sequence data poses challenges on alignment-based algorithms in their assembly, annotation and comparative studies. (wikipedia.org)
ChIP-seq, short for chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, combines chromatin immunoprecipitation with real-time next generation sequencing to identify genomic binding sites that proteins such as transcription factors associate with. (news-medical.net)
Cellular heterogeneity plays a critical role in systems and pathologies, but many genomic analysis techniques derive their findings from multicellular samples, potentially burying key information from individual cells or rare subsets. (the-scientist.com)
Targeted analysis prioritizes select genomic regions associated with a scientist's research aims, providing the most relevant datasets that are also manageable to work with. (the-scientist.com)
PromFind, Version 1.1 (download as profin11.exe) PromFind predicts promoter regions in vertebrate DNA sequence. (bio.net)
ever increasing number of promoter/enhancer sequences. (bio.net)
A CRP binding sequence and -10 and -35 promoter sequences are found upstream of spf. (wikipedia.org)
The aligner is typically used with short reads and a large reference genome, or for whole genome analysis. (wikipedia.org)
The programs can be 'piped' into one another, allowing the simultaneous identification of promoters, coding exons and repetitive sequence using one command line. (bio.net)
Both consists of two exons that include the entire coding sequence for the TMEM251 protein. (wikipedia.org)
Whereas both alignment and non-alignment-based techniques were applied to identify functional motifs in a multispecies context, our method accounts for incomplete motif conservation as well as high sequence divergence between related species. (plantcell.org)
Methodologies used include sequence alignment, searches against biological databases, and others. (wikipedia.org)
Nowadays, there are many tools and techniques that provide the sequence comparisons (sequence alignment) and analyze the alignment product to understand its biology. (wikipedia.org)
Relationships between these sequences are usually discovered by aligning them together and assigning this alignment a score. (wikipedia.org)
There are two main types of sequence alignment. (wikipedia.org)
Pair-wise sequence alignment only compares two sequences at a time and multiple sequence alignment compares many sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Popular tools for sequence alignment include: Pair-wise alignment - BLAST Multiple alignment - ClustalW, PROBCONS, MUSCLE, MAFFT, and T-Coffee. (wikipedia.org)
Rather than using a single sequence, profile methods use a multiple sequence alignment to encode a profile which contains information about the conservation level of each residue. (wikipedia.org)
Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
The pioneering approaches for sequence analysis were based on sequence alignment either global or local, pairwise or multiple sequence alignment. (wikipedia.org)
Alignment-based approaches generally give excellent results when the sequences under study are closely related and can be reliably aligned, but when the sequences are divergent, a reliable alignment cannot be obtained and hence the applications of sequence alignment are limited. (wikipedia.org)
Another limitation of alignment-based approaches is their computational complexity and are time-consuming and thus, are limited when dealing with large-scale sequence data. (wikipedia.org)
Alignment-free approaches have been used in sequence similarity searches, clustering and classification of sequences, and more recently in phylogenetics (Figure 1). (wikipedia.org)
Such molecular phylogeny analyses employing alignment-free approaches are said to be part of next-generation phylogenomics. (wikipedia.org)
A number of review articles provide in-depth review of alignment-free methods in sequence analysis. (wikipedia.org)
TopHat is a bioinformatic sequence analysis package tool for fast and high throughput alignment of shotgun cDNA sequencing reads generated by transcriptomics technologies (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Watson-Crick and G-U base pairs were identified by comparing the bacterial tmRNA sequences using automated computational methods in combination with manual alignment procedures. (wikipedia.org)
Since the very first sequences of the insulin protein were characterized by Fred Sanger in 1951, biologists have been trying to use this knowledge to understand the function of molecules. (wikipedia.org)
The method used in this study, which is called "Sanger method" or Sanger sequencing, was a milestone in sequencing long strand molecule such as DNA. (wikipedia.org)
peptide sequence
It was first sequenced in 1987 the peptide sequence of 72 amino acids having been determined earlier that year. (wikipedia.org)
In general, the matches in the database are ordered to show the most closely related sequences first, followed by sequences with diminishing similarity. (wikipedia.org)
The similarity at the 3' end of tmRNA to the T stem-loop of tRNA was first recognized upon sequencing ssrA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
RNAs
Analyses of histone modifications have provided insights on how the genome is organized and the functional domains across the entire genome which has enabled scientists to predict and validate an array of large, non-coding RNAs. (news-medical.net)
This was based on the observation that Spot42 contains structural features similar to other non-coding RNAs found in E. coli (such as 6S RNA and lambda bacteriophage), as well as features that are typically found in mRNAs (i.e., polypurine sequence followed by AUG, 14 amino acids and an UGA terminator). (wikipedia.org)
There, he sequenced the first large ribosomal RNAs via their genes utilizing the Maxam-Gilbert sequencing method. (wikipedia.org)
Revealing the evolution and genetic diversity of sequences and organisms Identification of molecular structure from sequence alone In chemistry, sequence analysis comprises techniques used to determine the sequence of a polymer formed of several monomers. (wikipedia.org)
During his stay at UCSC Brosius met visiting professor Carl Woese, who incited his interest in evolutionary thought and the power of molecular phylogenetic analysis. (wikipedia.org)
detects
tRNAscan-SE - tRNA detection in genome sequences, detects ~99% of eukaryotic nuclear or prokaryotic tRNA genes, with a false positive rate of less than one per 15 gigabases, and with a search speed of about 30 kb/second. (bioinformatics.org)
Targeted sequencing detects and provides understanding of cell-to-cell differences, which is essential to not only identifying key mechanisms of pathogenesis, but developing therapeutic strategies with an eye towards personalized medicine. (the-scientist.com)
tRNA
Subsequent sequence comparison revealed the full tRNA-like domain (TLD) formed by the 5' and 3' ends of tmRNA, including the acceptor stem with elements like those in alanine tRNA that promote its aminoacylation by alanine-tRNA ligase. (wikipedia.org)
bioinformatic sequence
The use of sequence methods was initially met with criticism by sociologists who objected to the descriptive and data-reducing orientation of early sequence methods, as well as to a lack of fit between bioinformatic sequence methods and uniquely social phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
In a 2006 article in the American Journal of Sociology , David Stark and Balazs Vedre proposed the term "social sequence analysis" to distinguish the approach from bioinformatic sequence analysis . (wikipedia.org)
1986. Of Urfs and Orfs: A primer on how to analyze derived amino acid sequences . (springer.com)
Transcription factor binding sites ( TFBSs ) are the functional elements that determine transcriptional activity, and the identification of individual TFBS in genome sequences is a major goal to inferring regulatory networks. (plantcell.org)
Particularly I am interesting in scaning, analysis and comparisons of the clusters of the transcription factors binding sites (such as regulatory sites in Drosophilian even-skipped, rhomboid or Kruppel genes). (bio.net)
Toucan - A Java tool for regulatory sequence analysis: detecting over-represented motifs and modules in sets of co-regulated genes. (bioinformatics.org)
Here, Brosius began to develop plasmid vectors for the selection of promoters and terminators, as well as widely used vectors for the high-level expression of recombinant proteins in E. coli, often employing regulatory sequences or modules from the rRNA operon. (wikipedia.org)
Smith-Waterman
MPSRCH - MPSRCH™ is a suite of Smith-Waterman sequence analysis programs which run under Linux and Tru64 on Intel and Alpha. (bioinformatics.org)
trajectories
In sociology, sequence methods are increasingly used to study life-course and career trajectories, patterns of organizational and national development, conversation and interaction structure, and the problem of work/family synchrony. (wikipedia.org)
Sequence analysis, originally developed in biology to analyse DNA sequences, is a longitudinal method that allows to analyse such trajectories, or sequences of different states in a life course, different states in a country's development or any other sequence of interest. (wzb.eu)
There has been a great deal of work on the sequential development of careers, and there is increasing interest in how career trajectories intertwine with life-course sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Next-gen sequencing use shorter reads 50-400 base pairs which allow for quicker sequencing of multiple specimens. (wikipedia.org)
According to an analysis of the secondary protein structure, TTC39B is most likely to be expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus. (wikipedia.org)
The complete E. coli tmRNA secondary structure was elucidated by comparative sequence analysis and structural probing. (wikipedia.org)
We have developed a phylogenetic footprinting approach for the identification of conserved noncoding sequences ( CNSs ) across 12 dicot plants. (plantcell.org)
For example, analysis of DNA binding sites in the mouse brain has led to the identification of new tissue-specific regulatpry areas (enhancers) of genes. (news-medical.net)
rRNA
It took ~2.5 years to sequence the 7.5 kilobases encompassing the entire rrnB rRNA operon in addition to some flanking regions. (wikipedia.org)
social sequence analysis
This body of research has given rise to the emerging subfield of social sequence analysis. (wikipedia.org)
Social sequence analysis involves the examination of ordered social processes, ranging from microsocial interaction patterns (for example, turn-taking dynamics in conversations) and interpersonal contact dynamics to the development of social hierarchies and macrosocial temporal patterns. (wikipedia.org)
Such a collection of sequences does not, by itself, increase the scientist's understanding of the biology of organisms. (wikipedia.org)
However, comparing these new sequences to those with known functions is a key way of understanding the biology of an organism from which the new sequence comes. (wikipedia.org)
protein sequence analysis
UGENE - a free and open source DNA and protein sequence analysis tool. (bioinformatics.org)
The Bowtie sequence aligner was originally developed by Ben Langmead et al. (wikipedia.org)
Bowtie is promoted as "an ultrafast, memory-efficient short aligner for short DNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
Bowtie (sequence analysis) Trapnell, C. (wikipedia.org)
The analysis of such patterns can involve descriptive accounts of sequence patterns, statistical event history analysis , optimal matching analysis, narrative or event structure analysis, and dynamic social network sequencing. (wikipedia.org)
Thus the occurrence of each k-mer in a sequence is calculated in the form of RTD, which is then summarised using two statistical parameters mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ). (wikipedia.org)
All three programs accept sequence in plain, Fasta, EMBL or GenBank format, and output the sequence, with an added feature table, in EMBL or GenBank format. (bio.net)
repetitive elements
RepFind, Version 1.7 (download as repfin17.exe) RepFind identifies common repetitive elements in DNA sequence. (bio.net)
In the early 1980s, Brosius became interested in a small brain-specific RNA that was thought to be a waste product of a mechanism orchestrating the expression of genes by RNA polymerase III transcription of identifier sequence (ID) repetitive elements, classified as SINEs, short interspersed repeats, located in the introns of brain-specific genes by making chromatin accessible to RNA polymerase II. (wikipedia.org)
Start Your Software Evaluation Today: Download a FREE demo of OMIGA 2.0 (or request a demo CD) at http://www.gcg.com/om-omiga For software comparisons, OMIGA has been singled out as the best sequence analysis desktop package by reviewers from 'Science,' 'HMS Beagle' and the 'Biotechnology Software and Internet Journal. (bio.net)
The pair wise distance between two sequences is then calculated Jensen-Shannon (JS) divergence between their respective FFPs. (wikipedia.org)
The program is user-extendible to identify any repetitive sequence of interest in any organism. (bio.net)
information to identify these regions in a given sequence? (bio.net)
This is a structured attempt to identify and visually display sequences of behaviour, thinking, and emotions so that the patient becomes more aware of these and can start to modify them. (wikipedia.org)
It was for some years unclear if the function of Spot 42 was mediated through the 109 nucleotide RNA itself or if the function was mediated through the 14 amino acids long peptide which is hypothetically encoded from within the sRNA sequence. (wikipedia.org)
given sequence
In this method frequency of appearance of each possible k-mer in a given sequence is calculated. (wikipedia.org)
The normalized frequencies are put a fixed order to form the composition vector (CV) of a given sequence. (wikipedia.org)
Detection of sequence patterns with interfaces at ExPASy (Switzerland). (rcsb.org)
InterPro is a classification database that provides predictive information about protein sequences. (ebi.ac.uk)
next-generation
The immunoprecipitated DNA is then amplified and fragments of 200 to 300bp are selected for next-generation sequencing and the analysis of DNA binding sites. (news-medical.net)
Next-generation sequencing-based single-cell whole transcriptome amplification analysis techniques can overcome this limitation, but they are not always cost-effective and parsing the large amounts of data obtained to access the relevant portions can take significant amounts of time. (the-scientist.com)
Among them sequence data is increasing at the exponential rate due to advent of next-generation sequencing technologies. (wikipedia.org)
The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has resulted in generation of voluminous sequencing data. (wikipedia.org)
Targeted analysis sequencing (sometimes called target amplicon sequencing) (TAS) is a next-generation DNA sequencing technique focusing on amplicons and specific genes. (wikipedia.org)
Over this time, developments in obtaining nucleotide sequence greatly improved, leading to the publication of the first complete genome of a bacteriophage in 1977. (wikipedia.org)
increasingly
This focus on regularized patterns of social action has become an increasingly influential framework for understanding microsocial interaction and contact sequences, or "microsequences. (wikipedia.org)
As an option, repeats or vector sequence can be masked with the letter 'n' to facilitate database searches. (bio.net)
pairwise
Cosine distance function is then used to compute pairwise distance between CVs of sequences. (wikipedia.org)


text:
Saarloos wolfhond är en hundras från Nederländerna. Rasen skapades av den holländske djursamlaren Leendert Saarloos (1884-1969) som en korsning mellan schäfer och varg.

Historia
Den första korsningen ägde rum 1932 mellan en schäferhane och en vargtik från Diergaarde Blijdorp i Rotterdam. Saarloos ansåg att tamhundens domesticering gått för långt, vilket lett till degeneration.

Genom detta experiment ville han utveckla den ultimata arbetshunden. Under en period utbildades varghundarna till ledarhundar, men i den fortsatta aveln förlorades de rätta egenskaperna för detta. Från 1942 och fram till sin död försökte Saarlos få sina hundar som han kallade europeisk varghund godkända som ras av den nederländska kennelklubben Raad van Beheer op Kynologisch Gebied in Nederland, men hundarna ansågs alltför inavlade och skygga.

Efter Saarloos död 1969 tog andra människor över aveln, ändrade inriktning på den och lyckades 1975 att få rasen erkänd nationellt under namnet Saarlooswolfhond. 1981 godkändes rasen av den internationella hundorganisationen FCI.

Egenskaper
Saarloos wolfhond räknas idag som en ren sällskapshund med framträdande drag av ursprunglig natur.
Den är en reslig, energisk och kraftfull hund som är uppmärksam, självständig och reserverad.

Utseende
Saarloos wolfhonds päls har kraftig underull som gör den väl rustad för ett förhållandevis kyligt klimat.

Källor
 Renée Willes: All världens hundraser, Bromma 2003,
 Carl-Johan Adlercreutz: Hundar i världen, Västerås 2006,
 Desmond Morris: Dogs, North Pomfret, Vermont 2008,

Externa länkar

 Nederlandse Vereniging van Saarlooswolfhonden
 Algemene Vereniging voor Liefhebbers van Saarlooswolfhonden
 Bergers Hollandais Club de France

Vall-, boskaps- och herdehundar
Hundraser från Nederländerna
Däggdjurshybrider

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Edmund Blunden
(1896-11-01)1 November 1896
20 January 1974(1974-01-20) (aged 77)
Long Melford, Suffolk, England
Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford
Poet, author
Christ's Hospital; The Queen's College, Oxford
Poems 1913 and 1914; An Elegy and Other Poems; Cricket Country; Poems on Japan
Military Cross; C.B.E.; the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry
Mary Daines
Sylva Norman
Claire Margaret Poynting
Aki Hayashi
Edmund Charles Blunden, CBE, MC (1 November 1896 – 20 January 1974) was an English poet, author and critic. Like his friend Siegfried Sassoon, he wrote of his experiences in World War I in both verse and prose. For most of his career, Blunden was also a reviewer for English publications and an academic in Tokyo and later Hong Kong. He ended his career as Professor of Poetry at the University of Oxford.
Early years and World War I
Born in London, Blunden was the eldest of the nine children of Charles Edmund Blunden (1871–1951) and his wife, Georgina Margaret née Tyler, who were joint-headteachers of Yalding school.[1] Blunden was educated at Christ's Hospital and The Queen's College, Oxford.[2]
In August 1915, during the First World War (1914–1918), Blunden was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the British Army's Royal Sussex Regiment[1] and served with the 11th (Southdowns) Battalion on the Western Front right up to the end of the war, taking part in the actions at Ypres and the Somme, and receiving the Military Cross in the process. Unusually for a junior infantry officer, Blunden survived nearly two years in the front line without physical injury, but for the rest of his life bore mental scars from his experiences.[1] With characteristic self-deprecation he attributed his survival to his diminutive size: he made "an inconspicuous target".[3] His own account of his frequently traumatic experiences was published in 1928 under the title Undertones of War.
Career as a writer
Blunden left the army in 1919 and took up the scholarship at Oxford that he had won while still at school.[1] On the same English Literature course was Robert Graves, and the two were close friends during their time at Oxford together, but Blunden found university life unsatisfactory and left in 1920 to take up a literary career, at first acting as assistant to Middleton Murry on the Athenaeum. An early supporter was Siegfried Sassoon, who became a lifelong friend. In 1920 Blunden published a collection of poems, The Waggoner, and with Alan Porter edited the poems of John Clare (mostly from Clare's manuscript).[1]
Blunden's next book of poems, The Shepherd, published in 1922 won the Hawthornden Prize, but his poetry, though well reviewed, did not provide enough to live on, and in 1924 he accepted the post of Professor of English at the University of Tokyo. He returned to England in 1927, and was literary editor of the Nation for a year. In 1927 he published a short book, On the Poems of Henry Vaughan, Characteristics and Intimations, with his principal Latin poems carefully translated into English verse (London: H. Cobden-Sanderson, 1927), expanding and revising an essay that he had published in November 1926 in the London Mercury. In 1931 he returned to Oxford as a Fellow of Merton College, where he was highly regarded as a tutor.[1] During his years in Oxford, Blunden published extensively: several collections of poetry including Choice or Chance (1934) and Shells by a Stream (1944), prose works on Charles Lamb; Edward Gibbon; Keats's publisher; Percy Bysshe Shelley (Shelley: A Life Story); John Taylor; and Thomas Hardy; and a book about a game he loved, Cricket Country (1944). He returned to full-time writing in 1944, becoming assistant editor of The Times Literary Supplement. In 1947 he returned to Japan as a member of the British liaison mission in Tokyo. In 1953, after three years back in England he accepted the post of Professor of English Literature at the University of Hong Kong.[1]
Blunden retired in 1964 and settled in Suffolk. In 1966 he was nominated for the Oxford Professorship of Poetry in succession to Robert Graves; with some misgivings he agreed to stand and was elected by a large majority over the other candidate, Robert Lowell. However, he now found the strain of public lecturing too much for him, and after two years he resigned.[1]
He died of a heart attack at his home at Long Melford, Suffolk, on 20 January 1974, and is buried in the churchyard of Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford.
Blunden was married three times. While still in the army he met and married Mary Daines in 1918. They had three children, the first of whom died in infancy. They divorced in 1931, and in 1933 Blunden married Sylva Norman, a young novelist and critic. That marriage, which was childless, was dissolved in 1945, and in the same year he married Claire Margaret Poynting (1918–2000), a former pupil of his; they had four daughters. While in Japan in the summer of 1925, he met Aki Hayashi, with whom he began a relationship.[4] When Blunden returned to England in 1927, Aki accompanied him and would become his secretary.[5] The relationship later changed from a romantic one to a platonic friendship, and they remained in contact for the rest of her life.[1]
Blunden's love of cricket, celebrated in his book Cricket Country, is described by the biographer Philip Ziegler as fanatical. Blunden and his friend Rupert Hart-Davis regularly opened the batting for a publisher's eleven in the 1930s (Blunden insisted on batting without gloves).[6] An affectionate obituary tribute in The Guardian commented, "He loved cricket … and played it ardently and very badly",[3] while in a review of Cricket Country, George Orwell described him as "the true cricketer":
The test of a true cricketer is that he shall prefer village cricket to 'good' cricket [.... Blunden's] friendliest memories are of the informal village game, where everyone plays in braces, where the blacksmith is liable to be called away in mid-innings on an urgent job, and sometimes, about the time when the light begins to fail, a ball driven for four kills a rabbit on the boundary.[7]
In a 2009 appreciation of the book and its author, Bangalore writer Suresh Menon writes,
Any cricket book that talks easily of Henry James and Siegfried Sassoon and Ranji and Grace and Richard Burton (the writer, not the actor) and Coleridge is bound to have a special charm of its own. As Blunden says, "The game which made me write at all, is not terminated at the boundary, but is reflected beyond, is echoed and varied out there among the gardens and the barns, the dells and the thickets, and belongs to some wider field."
Perhaps that is what all books on cricket are trying to say.[8]
Blunden had a robust sense of humour. In Hong Kong he relished linguistic misunderstandings such as those of the restaurant that offered "fried prawn's balls" and the schoolboy who wrote, "In Hong Kong there is a queer at every bus-stop."[9]
His fellow poets' regard for Blunden was illustrated by the contributions to a dinner in his honour for which poems were specially written by Cecil Day-Lewis and William Plomer; T. S. Eliot and Walter de la Mare were guests; and Siegfried Sassoon provided the Burgundy.[10]
Blunden's public honours included the C.B.E., 1951; the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry, 1956; The Royal Society of Literature's Benson Medal; the Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd Class (Japan), 1963; and Honorary Membership of the Japan Academy.[2] On 11 November 1985, Blunden was among 16 Great War poets commemorated on a slate stone unveiled in Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey[11] The inscription on the stone was written by fellow Great War poet, Wilfred Owen. It reads: "My subject is War, and the pity of War. The Poetry is in the pity."[12]
Blunden's output was prolific. To those who thought he published too much he quoted Walter de la Mare's observation that time was the poet's best editor.[13] His books of poetry include Poems 1913 and 1914 (1914); Poems Translated from the French (1914); Three Poems (1916); The Barn (1916); The Silver Bird of Herndyke Mill; Stane Street; The Gods of the World Beneath, (1916); The Harbingers (1916); Pastorals (1916); The Waggoner and Other Poems (1920); The Shepherd, and Other Poems of Peace and War (1922); Old Homes (1922); To Nature: New Poems (1923); Dead Letters (1923); Masks of Time: A New Collection of Poems Principally Meditative (1925); Japanese Garland (1928); Retreat (1928); Winter Nights: A Reminiscence (1928); Near and Far: New Poems (1929); A Summer's Fancy (1930); To Themis: Poems on Famous Trials (1931); Constantia and Francis: An Autumn Evening, (1931); Halfway House: A Miscellany of New Poems, (1932); Choice or Chance: New Poems (1934); Verses: To H. R. H. The Duke of Windsor, (1936); An Elegy and Other Poems (1937); On Several Occasions (1938); Poems, 1930–1940 (1940); Shells by a Stream (1944); After the Bombing, and Other Short Poems (1949); Eastward: A Selection of Verses Original and Translated (1950); Records of Friendship (1950); A Hong Kong House (1959); Shelley, A Life Story (1965) by Oxford University Press, with strong evidence on pp. 278 and 290 that Percy Bysshe Shelley was murdered; Poems on Japan (1967).[2]
Artists Rifles, an audiobook CD published in 2004, includes a reading of Concert Party, Busseboom by Blunden himself, recorded in 1964 by the British Council. Other Great War poets heard on the CD include Siegfried Sassoon, Edgell Rickword, Robert Graves, David Jones and Lawrence Binyon. Blunden can also be heard on Memorial Tablet, an audiobook of readings by Sassoon issued in 2003.[14]
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bergonzi, Bernard, "Blunden, Edmund Charles (1896–1974)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 28 Nov 2008
1 2 3 "Blunden, Edmund Charles", Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 28 Nov 2008
1 2 The Guardian obituary
↑ Barry Webb, Edmund Blunden: A Biography, p. 151.
↑ Webb, p. 156.
↑ Ziegler, pp. pp and 116–17
↑ Quoted in Menon 2009.
↑ Menon 2009.
↑ Hart-Davis, Volume 5, Letter of 5 June 1960
↑ Ziegler, p. 150
↑ http://net.lib.byu.edu/english/wwi/poets/poets.html
↑ http://net.lib.byu.edu/english/wwi/poets/Preface.html
↑ The Times obituary
↑ http://www.ltmrecordings.com/artistsriflesaudioCD.html
Hart-Davis, Rupert (ed), Lyttelton/Hart-Davis Letters Vol 5, John Murray, London 1983. ISBN 0-7195-3999-4
Menon, Suresh. "The passionate poet." Cricinfo, 5 April 2009.
The Guardian obituary, 22 January 1974, p. 12
The Times obituary, 21 January 1974, p. 14
Ziegler, Philip, Rupert Hart-Davis: Man of Letters Chatto and Windus, London, 2004. ISBN 0-7011-7320-3
John Greening (Ed.): Edmund Blunden's Undertones of war, Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 2015, ISBN 978-0-19-871661-7
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Edmund Blunden
http://www.1914-18.co.uk/blunden/
http://www.edmundblunden.org/
Works by Edmund Blunden at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Edmund Blunden at Internet Archive
A large collection of Blunden's papers is located at the Harry Ransom Center at The University of Texas at Austin
The Blunden Collection hosted on Oxford University's server
Audiobook liner notes on readings by Blunden
BNF: cb12174981b (data)
MusicBrainz: 3cb9e31c-a205-4f54-af8c-2398b289557f


text:
Kragor the Merc: A truckload of gold
Did we break it or make it? By all standards we must have made it, but why doesn't it feel like it? Let's back up a couple of days...
When you're about do go up against professional killers and there's 200k in the magic pot you prepare yourself. Thus the week leading up to the job kindly offered by the Clans was spent doing just that. We arranged maps and route details from a contact given us by Silence. The cargo: 5 tons of gold bullion painstakingly mined and now being transported from the central bank to the harbor by train, then to be offloaded to a ship heading for the mainland.
We spent the next couple of days staking out the vast part of the city hidden beneath street level where old and new tracks ran among the foundations of the massive skyscrapers. Also it was shopping time. I had no problems taking a loan from the Clans to fund this mission: if all went well we would pay it back within a week, and if it didn't... well then a debt would be the least of my troubles, regardless who expected it. I enjoyed fooling Joline into believing I was giving in to her manipulations and committing myself to the Clans. It probably wasn't necessary given she knew what job we were doing but... yeah, fuckit, she deserved a bit of disappointment later on.
We bought guns and explosives and a shitload of other stuff... rented autos and recruited some people. We had a hacker but we needed someone who could handle tech on the ground - so I got around to see Keria... It was some time since and she'd must have had a small shock when I showed up and asked for help. But I knew she still had a bit of adventure inside and the lure of gold works on most people. As an extra treat I offered to buy some cool model headsets and other stuff for the mission through her. She agreed to lend a hand. Second target was Kronaug... I'd done him one too many favors to have him dodge this one, so I decided to eliminate that possibility altogether. As further reinforcement, Ed recruited a smacker named Charles through grandpa the dwarf and Erza recruited Hawk from Freelance. Erza herself however would remain back at Freelance - providing a plausible cover story and if necessary coordinate with us once we made our escape.
Surveying the expected route we learned that there were several complications. Firstly, the place was a maze and very hard to navigate. Secondly there were lots of unfortunates living down there and thirdly the open terrain did not fit in with our expectations and tactical planning. We would have to pick a spot for our assault with care. We found one in a narrow tunnel section located next to a side track in which we could hide our vehicles and prepare ourselves. We waited for as long as we dared to allow any surveying units to pass unhindered before we got to work. The far side of the track we rigged with mines, then be blew up the tracks themselves and built a small wall of rubble a bit further ahead to prevent the whole train from crashing at max speed. After all, we needed to be able to offload the cargo with ease.
The upcoming battle was now only minutes away. Juron had handed us some stereo packs and together with a bit of vitagel it made me feel prepared. That familiar nervousness came about and I went through the battle in my head. Ed, Hawk and Kronaug had been fitted with ballistic shields and would form the front line. Me, Juron and Charles would supply the heavy fire, with Lucas providing sniper support with his brand new magrail and Keria being prepared to handle any difficulties of a technical nature that might arise. I expected a battle similar to last time we tried something like this; well-trained combators with shotguns or automated rifles moving in formation. They would face a moving wall and the wrath of the shining heavy flamer firmly held by Juron. It looked outright evil. I had also prepared a little surprise in the shape of some electrified bolts for my crossbow. Hopefully they would be effective even against blokes in heavy armor.
Then was the sound of an approaching train. It was about to begin...
The train stopped pretty much as we had wanted it to and we advanced forward. But rather than the doors opening there were slids and hidden hatches... the train was a damn fortress. Being the one charged with the explosives I realized we must act fast or get bogged down here for far too long. So I left the relative safety of the shield wall and rushed forward, placing a micro bomb at the nearest steel door. I just managed to take cover under the train as bullets started flying and combators advanced out of the train.
From that point it was pure madness. Ed and Lucas kept communications tight over the radio in a fashion that would have warmed the frozen heart of any combator commander. Meanwhile Juron and Charles sprayed the train with fire and bullets while a mine detonated on the other side of the train. From my somewhat complicated position I managed to put a bolt in the leg of one of the attackers. Next a flashbang landed among us and broke the shield wall as Kronaug staggered. I detonated the explosive, which opened the door to the inside and while more attackers pushed forward from the back of the train I grabbed a grenade. Somehow it bounced and landed next to me beneath the train... I threw myself out just as a big brute in fiberplate brought down hell against us. I saw Ed being thrown to the ground despite his shield - apparently from the sheer force of the blow. On the ground lay Kronaug, bleeding from a wound in the chest he must have taken after suffering the flashbang - I saw little choice but to take cover behind him as shotgun shrapnel flew all around...
Then happened the strangest of things. As I dived in behind Kronaug and turned around I could swear I saw the fire from the gun pointed in my direction, I felt the sting in my chest and looked down as blood was pouring out of my chest, the world moved in slow motion... but in the blink of an eye it wasn't there. I was covered in blood, yes, but it was Kronaug's blood as his body had taken the blast for me. I pulled out my shotgun and blasted away at the advancing combator. Ed was somehow also back in the fight - which soon ended when Hawk with icy precision blew the head off of two enemies and Charles sprayed the rest with his assault gun. Somewhere in the back of the head was also a memory of Lucas' regular reports of enemies down. So we'd won...
Juron had taken a bad hit to one of his eyes and Kronaug was dead. Otherwise we were unharmed. Juron had left two people alive inside the train: the driver and some corp holding a case. Hawk took the corp aside and made him reveal any codes and intel he had before killing him. I shot the driver, though Ed tried to get in the way. He looked at me disappointedly but said nothing. It wasn't the time for a lecture on Fringe ethics so I didn't either.
I didn't look much at the rest of the carnage; I just wanted to get it all done. We started mounting our improvised cableway on which we placed small bags which we used to slide the gold back to the waiting cars. Hawk noted that there was a lot of top grade equipment to be looted from the guards. As we were one orc short with the loading we left her to it.
A couple of minutes later we were leaving to collect a full 200k. Any evidence left on the site was torn apart by a compression bomb. There had been a terrible price and Kronaug's death was on my hands. Yet I couldn't help but think that without a doubt the others who had died had been far better people than he had. He was a scum after all and though it was my fault he had died today I had saved his hide on several occasions - a death like this was to be expected for an orc like him. The others... they need not have died at all had I not come along. I could just hope that if the gods, provided they exist, really had watched they had been pleased by the spectacle.
Kragor the Merc: New Beginnings


The Steelers had an awesome Draft that will pay off this season.
The Pittsburgh Steelers had a monster Draft that left other AFC teams in the dust. The Steelers have a tough schedule so they need to be ready.


text:
Q: quill inserttext list, what format to use Basically I am trying to get the MarketShare text as a bullet list item only.
All the lines above Marketshare also show as a bullet list.
I struggle to understand what the (0,4) means in this.quill.formatText below.
and using this.quill.format('list',false) doesn't turn it off
The same question I have with regards to setting the size. I would like MarketShare to have a bigger size then the rest using inserttext, but when I use size 20 px as below, it doesn't work.

this.quill.format('list', false);
           this.quill.insertText(0, '\n', '', true)

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           this.quill.insertText(0, '\n', '', true)

 this.quill.format('list', false);
 this.quill.insertText(0, 'this text must be a bullet list', '', true)
 this.quill.formatText(0,4,'list', true);

  this.quill.insertText(0, 'this text I like to have in different font size or for instance as header 3 or header 4', 'bold', true)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
M.Sparks on the Good life in E.Europe & on Ultimate Fule
By drbubb, June 13, 2018 in General News & Comments
A great film that was!
I want to see it again
Feel a bit sorry for J6P in the US who've never seen a bridge they felt safe crossing or a road they didnt think would destroy their car.
On 8/10/2018 at 5:19 PM, mSparks said:
Is it the worst Film (he) ever made? Or just the most unwatchable?
He'll get good money from most of the world using it to educate their kids about the real America I'm sure.
America doesn't educate its kids, so obviously not targetted at the home market.
Merry Christmas to planet Sparks.
If it ever comes on that Frozen Planet, it probably comes late
Planet Sparks motors along somewhere near Ultimate Thule*
Way, way out at the cold, dark edges of the solar system—past the rocky inner planets, beyond the gas giants, a billion miles more remote than Pluto—drifts a tiny frozen world so mysterious, scientists still aren't entirely sure if it's one world or two.
Astronomers call it Ultima Thule, an old cartography term meaning "beyond the known world." Its name is a reference to its location in the Kuiper Belt, the unexplored "third zone" of our solar system populated by millions of small, icy bodies.
*Planet Sparks - is also called Ultimate Fule sometimes
Being so far away from Normal Humanity, no wonder things look different out there
Thanks, bit early, another 9 days yet...
Christmas comes late, if it comes at all
To the ultimate fools on Ultima Thule
Wiki tells us...
ultima Thule (UK: /ˈθjuːliː/ THEW-lee [US: /ˈθuːliː/ THOO-lee]), a traditional name of distant places beyond the known world
Ultima Thule (minor planet), unofficial name for (486958) 2014 MU69, a Kuiper belt asteroid to be visited by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft
Ultima Thule may also refer to:
Ultima Thule (Estonian band)
Ultima Thule (Swedish band)
Ultima Thule Ambient Music, an Australian radio show
Ultima Thule, an album by Polish band Armia
Ultima Thulée, an album by French band Blut Aus Nord
Ultima Thule, an album by British band Ostara
Ultima Thule, an album by Finnish band UMO Jazz Orchestra
"Ultima Thule", a single by German band Tangerine Dream, included in reissues of their Alpha Centauri album
Starfire Burning Upon the Ice-Veiled Throne of Ultima Thule, an album by Bal-Sagoth
Ultima Thule: Dedication to G. W. G.
With favoring winds, o'er sunlit seas,
We sailed for the Hesperides,
The land where golden apples grow;
But that, ah! that was long ago.
How far, since then, the ocean streams
Have swept us from that land of dreams,
That land of fiction and of truth,
The lost Atlantis of our youth!
Whither, ah, whither? Are not these
The tempest-haunted Orcades,
Where sea-gulls scream, and breakers roar,
And wreck and sea-weed line the shore?
Ultima Thule! Utmost Isle!
Here in thy harbors for a while
We lower our sails; a while we rest
From the unending, endless quest.
Ultima Thule, a poetry collection by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Ultima Thule, a volume of the novel The Fortunes of Richard Mahony by Henry Handel Richardson
"Ultima Thule", a science-fiction short story by Mack Reynolds
"Ultima Thule", a short story by Vladimir Nabokov
Ultima Thule, a 2002 film by Janie Geiser
Ultima Thule, a community in Sevier County, Arkansas
Ultima Thule, a set of glassware designed by Tapio Wirkkala
Ultima Thule, mentioned in the Star Trek: Deep Space Nine episode "Dramatis Personae" as a purification facility for weapons-grade dolomide
Ultima Thule, a fictional frozen planet mentioned in the Space 1999 episode, "Death's Other Dominion"
Ultima Thule, in literature, the furthest possible place in the world. Thule was the northernmost part of the habitable ancient world. (See Thule culture.) References to ultima Thule in modern literature appear in works by Edgar Allan Poe, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and the Australian writer Henry Handel Richardson.
FLATLANDIA. Is that where you live, Sparks?
Maybe THAT is why you have trouble with 3-Dimensional thinking and Trump's 3D Chess ?
Ultima Thule Beyond Pluto Is Flat Like a Pancake (and Not a Space Snowman After All)
Ultima Thule doesn't look much like a snowman after all.
The final photos that NASA's New Horizons spacecraft snapped of Ultima Thule during the probe's epic Jan. 1 flyby reveal the distant object to be far flatter than scientists had thought, mission team members announced today (Feb. 8).
"We had an impression of Ultima Thule based on the limited number of images returned in the days around the flyby, but seeing more data has significantly changed our view," New Horizons principal investigator Alan Stern, of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, said in a statement. [New Horizons at Ultima Thule: Full Coverage]
"It would be closer to reality to say Ultima Thule's shape is flatter, like a pancake," Stern added. "But more importantly, the new images are creating scientific puzzles about how such an object could even be formed. We've never seen something like this orbiting the sun."
Read more: WHAT REALLY HAPPENED | The History The US Government HOPES You Never Learn! http://www.whatreallyhappened.com/#ixzz5fMDKVGRA
trouble with 3-Dimensional thinking and Trump's 3D Chess ?
I've seen nothing to suggest Trump is being anything other than played. He's certainly not a player.
No quantity of what really happened links will help you with that.
Learn some Russian. They don't have the censorship imposed on English language material.
Might give you a better perspective on the world around you.
https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama
TRUMP has survived.
He started out as the least powerful president in his history.
And has not been forced out or assassinated.
He is getting stronger, as his enemies are exposed, and his popularity rises.
Awesome weekend
jerpy 0
2 hours ago, mSparks said:
Whenever I see snow features I'm hooked and have to look.
Serbia, just read and knew they had snow but never realised what a great resort that is. Great video by an accomplished skier.
Off to Canada this year but next year may try there instead of Zermatt where I tend to go.
2 hours ago, jerpy said:
think my favourite resort is stil duex alps, better to get to by plane, kop because it was only a few hours drive for the novices but is tiny in comparison.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Deux_Alpes
Nice Skiing there !
(I imagine that Ultimate Fule, is similar the Thule - below - but has a clown face on one side):
THULE : Amazing detail emerges
- If I wince, it looks like an beat up old space craft to me, especially with that faint circle
NASA releases sharpest-ever images of distant Kuiper Belt object
They could shed light on activity beyond the Solar System's planets.
The mysterious Kuiper Belt object 2014 MU69 now exists as more than a generic-looking blob. NASA has posted its sharpest-ever images of the object, captured a relatively close 4,109 miles away at 12:33AM on January 1st. While scientists already knew some details about MU69 before now, such as its unusual two-part 'pancake' shape, these higher-quality images show details that just weren't visible before. You'll find circular pieces of terrain, deep pits (visible toward the top) and other details that were previously elusive.
The space agency is keen to brag about the feat. New Horizons got closer to MU69 than it did its main target, Pluto, thanks to "unprecedented precision" in calculations across multiple countries. There was a real chance the camera would miss the object entirely, according to mission team Principal Investigator Alan Stern.
You're not going to get better pictures than this, unfortunately. However, they're good enough that they could provide further insights around the object's formation and the kind of interactions it has roughly 4.1 billion miles from Earth. They're brief snapshots, but they could provide years of insights.
> source: https://www.engadget.com/2019/02/23/new-horizons-sharpest-ever-kuiper-belt-object-images/?guccounter=1
THE SPARKY VIEW of The World
(I think PCR says it better... and with less randomhate.)
Where Is The World Headed?
By Paul Craig Roberts
Since 2016 the United States has been in the Russiagate box, a hoax created by the US military/security complex to prevent President Trump from normalizing relations with Russia. Normalized relations would devalue THE RUSSIAN THREAT, an orchestration that protects the $1,000 billion annual budget of the military/security complex.
The Democratic Party, which most certainly is not democratic, supported the hoax hoping to do Trump in for their own reasons and pulled the presstitute media into the conspiracy against Trump.
Now that all the assurances from the Establishment that Trump was a traitor to America who conspired with Russian President Putin to steal the election from the killer-bitch in order that America could serve Russian interests have been exposed as lies by the Mueller report, American attention is free to take up some other nonsensical campaign. The succession of these stupidities is destroying America's reputation.
True, some of the most crazed of the Democrats and media whores cannot let go of Russiagate. The presstitutes are saying that Trump would be impeached for his non-crime except the unworthy Democrats had rather go back to the business of spending other people's money. A crazed professor or two have declared that Mueller was part of the "Trump coverup" and that Mueller needs to be investigated. But these claims simply underline that the United States wasted three years of its existence.
Meanwhile, other countries moved on. The Russians, for example, discovered that Washington's sanctions had a silver lining. Russia became more self-sufficient economically and moved out of the box of being an exporter of raw materials to the West, a box into which the Americans and the American-brainwashed Russian economics profession had put the Russian government.
The fulminations and threats from Washington against Russia brought forth new Russian weapon systems for which the US has no match or defense, weapons that demote the US to a second-rate military power.
On an adjusted basis, China now has the world's largest economy and increasingly ignores Washington's blustering. As does Iran.
Even Venezuela stands up to Washington.
The world is concluding that Washington is not the power it thinks it is.
... The world no longer thinks that the West is something to look up to and to emulate. Instead, the world sees a great evil, in the words of Matt Taibbi, "a great vampire squid wrapped around the face of humanity, relentlessly jamming its blood funnel into anything that smells like money."
A great promise was betrayed by those trusted with the promise. A government accountable to law and to the people requires a united people, not the disunity of multiculturalism and Identity Politics. With the indigenous ethnic base of all of the Western countries under attack as "white supremacists," the West can no longer defend its culture from the immigrants who do not share the culture.
... In the United States there is so much disunity that to call the states united is a misuse of words. Hillary voters hate Trump voters, and vice versa. The presstitute media and universities are uniformly anti-white.
Countries without unity are not strong. Consequently, the Western world is losing its leadership of the world.
Of course, the rest of the world also suffers from disunity. The Sunni and the Shiites cannot unite, with the consequence that the Muslim world is weak. The tribes in Africa cannot unite. India and Pakistan stay at each other's throats. Animosities exist among Asians. Russia herself is a federation. China has a Muslim province. But the disunities are different from those in the West. Japan and China have differences but the population of Japan is homogeneous and China largely is. Arabs are Arabs whether Sunni or Shiite. The Russian Federation is the remains of an old empire, largely assimilated, not the result of recent immigrations.
The consequence of disunity perhaps precludes any leadership. But the collapse of the West into diversity and multiculturalism definitely means that Western leadership has been lost to the weakness of disunity.
Is it chaos that awaits?
Have you visited the US or UK recently?
If you had, I'm pretty sure the question you would ask is more along the lines of how they can emerge from the chaos... Its been 12 years already since 2007.
Since 2016 the United States has been in the Russiagate box, a hoax created by the US military/security complex
Hoax is a strong word.
They mostly "implied"
Trump was a traitor to America who conspired with Russian President Putin
Every time they discovered yet another member of the Trump campaign was working for the Slavs.
But as I said all along:
Didn't you suspend me for saying i wasn't sure if trump was an unwitting dupe or active participant?
He's definately dumb enough to be unwitting dupe, but then there's those phone calls and meeting that hot rusky babe in trump tower his son admitted to.
One way or another, most babies got more skillz than Mericanos.
Seems pretty clear cut now he is just an idiot. But you can't blame anyone for doubting otherwise, at least he is occasionally capable to put words together in a real sentence. Which is more than most Amerifags.
This thread is a good place for such random confusion... keeping such nonsense away from the civilized part of the Solar System
Many on Fule probably agree with you
Is that Doggy animal a citizen of your planet?
He speaks sense
It's been sent to me independently by 3 or 4 people.
So could be.
There's at least two different versions ( the other with Lucy and slightly different text but I prefer the one with Hitlery).
well it was a lot of fun sir.
but its been well over 6 months since you posted anything worth reading while the world rolls on.
mSparks.
Tears streaming now on Utlimate Fule?
The Clock has run out for the Villains
Trump Approval Rating Surges To Highest Point In Presidency
Luongo: Epstein's Arrest Tells Me Trump Is Now Out For Blood
I never doubted Donald Trump's sincerity in wanting Hillary in jail. But the reality is that Trump was not in any position to do so. Until a few months ago.
When Attorney General William Barr ended the Mueller investigation back in February that was a turning point. I talked about it back then in a piece called "The Old Political Order is Just Old."
Mueller, his staff of hatchetmen, the Obama administration and the rest of the corrupt old-guard in D.C. fully expected to be allowed free rein to convict Trump politically of Obstruction of Justice based on an interpretation of Federal Statutes that could only be justified in the world of Philip K. Dick's Minority Report.
When that didn't happen, they are now looking at potential blowback from a vain and vindictive man occupying the supposedly most powerful office in the world.
But is that really the case anymore? It seems John Bolton has been more president than Trump recently.


Neurotransmitters - want to learn more about it?
A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance produced within the body (endogenous) responsible for a process called synaptic transmission or neurotransmission.
In this article, we are going to discuss the mechanism of neurotransmission, classification of neurotransmitters, and some clinical notes about the disorders associated with both excessive and lack of some neurotransmitters.
The transmission of impulses through synapses involves the release of endogenous chemical substances called neurotransmitters that are present within synaptic vesicles.
A nerve impulse or an action potential reaches a terminal bouton (presynaptic terminal).
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels are opened up so that there is an influx of calcium ions leading to a series of chemical changes.
Synaptic vesicles pour the neurotransmitters stored in them into the synaptic cleft (gap between two synapsing surfaces, for example between two neurons or a neuron and muscle tissue) in a process called "kiss and run" recycling, thus releasing the neurotransmitter into the gap between the presynaptic surface and the postsynaptic surface.
The postsynaptic surface becomes depolarized (under the influence of the neurotransmitter) resulting in a nerve impulse in the postsynaptic neuron, and the neurotransmitter reaches and binds onto the receptor molecules present in the postsynaptic membrane. This alters the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane to ions of calcium, sodium, potassium, and chloride leading to depolarization.
However, permeability is also dependent on the type of neurotransmitter involved. In the case of an inhibitory synapse, the presence of the neurotransmitter causes hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. The neurotransmitter released into the synaptic cleft acts only for a very short duration, minutes or even seconds. It is either destroyed by enzymes, such as acetylcholine esterase or is withdrawn into the terminal bouton of the presynaptic neuron. The best-known neurotransmitters responsible for such fast, but short-lived action are acetylcholine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline, as well as inhibitory neurotransmitters such as GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid).
Repeated synaptic activities can have some long-lasting effect on the receptor neuron, including structural changes such as the formation of new synapses, alterations in the dendritic tree, or growth of axons. Such effects produced under the influence of chemical substances like neurotransmitters or any other synapse-associated substance are described as neuro-mediation and the chemical substances concerned are called neuromediators. Other associated chemical substances include neurohormones synthesized in neurons and poured into the bloodstream through terminals resembling synapses in structure. Similar chemical substances are also poured into the cerebrospinal fluid or into the intercellular spaces to influence other neurons in a different manner.
The neurons are the basic building blocks of the Nervous System.
Acetylcholine is an excitatory neurotransmitter occurring throughout the nervous system and is the most well understood and studied. It was the first neurotransmitter to be discovered and was isolated in 1921 by a German biologist named Otto Loewi, who later won a Nobel Prize for his work. Acetylcholine has many functions ranging from the stimulation of muscles, including the muscles of the gastrointestinal system to vital organs. It is also found in sensory neurons and in the autonomic nervous system and has a part in scheduling the "dream state" while an individual is fast asleep. Acetylcholine plays a vital role in the normal functioning of muscles. For example, the plant poisons, curare, and hemlock cause paralysis of muscles by blocking the acetylcholine receptor sites of myocytes. The well-known poison botulin works by preventing the vesicles in the axon ending from releasing acetylcholine, thus leading to paralysis of the effector muscle.
Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline, is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal glands. It acts to increase the alertness of the nervous system as well as to stimulate the processes in the body. For example, it is very important in the endogenous production of epinephrine. It was first identified by a Swedish biologist called Ulf von Euler in 1946. Norepinephrine has been implicated in mood disorders such as anxiety, in which case its concentration in the body is abnormally high. Alternatively, an abnormally low concentration of it may lead to an impaired sleep cycle.
Also known as adrenaline, epinephrine is an excitatory neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands and released into the bloodstream. It prepares the body for the fight or flight reaction. That means that when a person is highly stimulated (fear, anger etc), extra amounts of epinephrine are released into the bloodstream. This release of epinephrine, increases the heart rate, the blood pressure and the glucose production from the liver (glycogenolysis). In this way, the nervous and the endocrine system prepare the body for dangerous and extreme situations.
Dopamine is considered a special type of neurotransmitter because its effects are both excitatory and inhibitory. It was discovered in the 1950s by another Swede, Arvid Carlsson. It is strongly associated with the reward mechanisms in the brain, and drugs such as cocaine, opium, heroin, and alcohol can temporarily increase its levels in the blood, leading to abnormal firing of nerve cells, which may sometimes manifest as intoxication, or several manners of consciousness/focus issues (such as not remembering where we put our keys, or forgetting what a paragraph said when we have just finished reading it, or simply daydreaming and not being able to stay on task). However, an appropriate secretion of dopamine in the bloodstream plays a role in the motivation or desire to complete a task.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter isolated in 1950 by Eugene Roberts and J. Awapara. An abnormally low secretion of GABA may cause conditions like anxiety. Because it is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA acts as a brake to the excitatory neurotransmitters, and thus when it is abnormally low this can lead to anxiety. It is widely distributed in the brain and plays a principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.
Glutamate is another neurotransmitter with an excitatory effect and usually ensures homeostasis with the effects of GABA. It is the most common neurotransmitter in the central nervous system; however, excessive levels of it can be toxic to the nerve cells and may lead to conditions like stroke.
Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that has been found to be intimately involved in emotion and mood. It was discovered by Vittorio Erspamer in the 1930s but was first found in blood serum in 1948 by Irvine Page who named it serotonin (meaning "serum-tonic"). Adequate amounts of serotonin are necessary for a stable mood, and also to balance any excessive excitatory neurotransmitter effects in the brain. Like norepinephrine, serotonin also regulates many processes in the body, such as carbohydrate cravings, the sleep cycle, pain control, and the digestion of food. An insufficient secretion of serotonin may result in decreased immune system function, as well as a range of emotional disorders like depression, anger control problems, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and even suicidal tendencies.
Histamine is an excitatory neurotransmitter produced by basophils and is found in high concentrations in the blood. It is involved primarily in the inflammatory responses, as well as a range of other functions such as vasodilation, and regulation of the immune response to foreign bodies. For example, when allergens are introduced into the bloodstream, histamine assists in the fight against these microorganisms causing itching of the skin or irritations of the throat, nose and or lungs. It also plays a role in the wake/sleep cycle, by increasing wakefulness.
In addition to the above classification, neurotransmitters can also be classified based on their molecular types. Dopamine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (the indoleamine serotonin) are classified as monoamines. Glycine, glutamate, and GABA are classed under amino acids.
Take the following quiz in order to learn the types of neurons and their structure in a fun and effective way.
Generally, several neurotransmitters have been linked to many different disorders. For example, Alzheimer's disease, characterized by learning and memory impairments, is associated with a lack of glutamate and acetylcholine in certain regions of the brain. Schizophrenia, which is a severe mental illness, has been shown to involve excessive amounts of dopamine in the frontal lobes, and drugs that block dopamine are used to help schizophrenic conditions. On the other hand, too little dopamine in the motor areas of the brain is responsible for the loss of control or uncontrollable muscle tremors seen in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. It was the same Arvid Carlsson mentioned above who figured out that the precursor to dopamine (called L-dopa) could alleviate some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
A chronic reduction of GABA in the brain can lead to epilepsy and Huntington's disease. Similarly, an imbalance in serotonin can lead to depression, suicidal ideation, impulsive behavior, and aggressiveness, while other mood disorders such as manic depression have been linked to a deficiency in noradrenaline. Furthermore, myasthenia gravis is a rare chronic autoimmune disease characterized by impairment of synaptic transmission of neurotransmitters, particularly acetylcholine, at a neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue and muscular weakness without atrophy. Most often, myasthenia gravis results from circulating antibodies that block acetylcholine receptors at the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction, inhibiting the excitatory effects of acetylcholine on nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junctions. Also, in a much rarer form, muscle weakness may result from a genetic defect in some part of the neuromuscular junction that is inherited, as opposed to developing through passive transmission from the mother's immune system at birth or through autoimmunity later in life.
K. L. Moore, A. F. Dalley and A. M. R. Agur: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th edition (2014), p. 46 – 47.
B. Dubuc: Synapses. The Brain from top to bottom Blog. 2012 (accessed 17/11/2015).
S. Standring: Gray's Anatomy – The anatomical basis of clinical practice, 40th edition (2008), p. 41, 47 – 48.
N. NeuBecalm'd: Neurotransmitters Overview. Neurogenesis, Inc. 1984. (accessed 17/11/2015).
In this article we describe the myelin sheath and the myelination. Learn everything about the myelin sheath and its function now at Kenhub!
This article describes the histology of peripheral nerves, including aspects like conduction and types of fibers, Learn about this topic at Kenhub!
Basic neuron types and the structure of a neuron.


A new mechanism will be set up to facilitate legitimate trade for European companies wishing to do business with Iran in order to ensure the full and effective implementation of the Iran deal. The decision came following a meeting of the Foreign Ministers of China, France, Germany, the Russian Federation and United Kingdom in New York chaired by High Representative Federica Mogherini.
The EU Member States will set up a legal entity enabling legitimate financial transactions, in accordance with international standards, with Iran, High Representative Federica Mogherini announced in New York. Mogherini chaired a meeting of the remaining parties to the Iran deal on the margins of the UN General Assembly.
The new payment system will assist and provide reassurance to European businesses wishing to continue trading with Iran, mitigating the effect of re-imposed US sanctions, in accordance with European Law. The new mechanism could be opened to other partners in the world.
The decision to establish this "Special Purpose Vehicle" has been taken, also following extensive exchanges between the EU, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia and China since July.
Experts from EU Member States will now have to make the decision operational at the technical level.
The participants to the meeting recognised that Iran has continued to fully and effectively implement its nuclear-related commitments, as confirmed by twelve consecutive reports by the International Atomic Energy Agency, and reiterated the need to continue to do so.
"The JCPOA is a key element of the global non-proliferation architecture and a significant achievement of multilateral diplomacy endorsed unanimously by the UN Security Council through Resolution 2231", a joint statement read. Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif, who also attended the meeting, read the joint statement in Farsi.
The United States unilaterally withdraw from the agreement and re-imposed sanctions lifted under the Iran deal and UN Security Council Resolution 2231.
"The fact that we are still here, being able to say that the deal is still fully implemented - as the IAEA [International Atomic Energy Agency] has done less than a month ago - is something that is encouraging," High Representative Mogherini said in a press conference highlighting the determination to safeguard the deal.
Participants said they are determined to protect the freedom of their economical operators to pursue legitimate business with Iran and said that this initiative is aimed at preserving the Iran deal, which is in the international interest.


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