This course teaches the basic principles of running an effective music ensemble rehearsal. Techniques and strategies are applicable to a variety of ensembles, including bands, orchestras, choirs, and chamber groups.
Wie gefällt Dir der Kurs 'Fundamentals of Rehearsing Music Ensembles'?


With multiple parts Centres South East of England, West Midlands, London and Kent. stock a comprehensive range of genuine manufacturer approved parts and accessories for a wide range of makes and models. Whether you are a private retail or trade customer we cab cater for your needs.


text:
We Can Get Together
The Hold Steady declare Heaven to be right now; advance stream new album
Mark SeligerPerhaps cognizant of the fact that their new record would be ripped and leaked to the internet approximately 41 minutes and 20 seconds after the first store opened up on Saturday for Record Store Day and the first of those 600 limited edition LPs sold, The Hold Steady have made Heaven Is Whenever available to stream at NPR in its entirety, more than two weeks ahead of its official May 4 street date. The record is their first since the departure of keyboardist Franz Nicolay and accordingly, first impressions reveal a leaner, more guitar-driven sound though there's still keyboard flourishes where necessary and, if my ears don't deceive me, some clarinet action as well.
The first leg of North American touring for the album only covered some American west coast and southeast dates, but after a month in Europe in June, they're back on the road in July and while full dates are still forthcoming, one is confirmed for July 16 at the Kool Haus in Toronto with The Whigs as support. Yes, it took a while but it appears that everyone's favourite bar band is now too big to play bars. They're still trying to make the show special, however. Dubbed "Sneakers & Speakers", it's being co-presented by former Toronto Raptor and on-record music aficionado Matt Bonner – the Red Rocket – and a portion of the ticket sales will be donated to the Toronto Boys & Girls Club. Tickets for the show will be $21.50 and go on sale Friday. Update: Full tour dates from the second North American leg are up, and it looks like the T.O. show is the tour closer. If you think THAT'S not going to be beer-soaked, you are dumb.
And if you want to hear how the new stuff sounds alongside the old, NYC Taper is sharing a recording of the band's show at the Bowery in New York last week.
Stream: The Hold Steady / Heaven Is Whenever
Also coming soon to your ears via advance stream is High Violet, the new record from The National. Starting this Friday, it'll be streaming at The New York Times for the two and a half weeks leading up to its May 11 release. That's right, the Old Gray Lady is getting her rocks off. Drowned In Sound and Black Book have features on the band, who will be at Massey Hall on June 8 and 9.
Filter Q&As The Antlers, who have released a new video from Hospice and are opening up both of those Massey shows for The National. There's a streamable session with the band at WPGU wherein they cover The xx and if you head over to their website, you can currently download two pre-HospiceNew York Hospitals and Cold War.
Video: The Antlers – "Sylvia"
The San Francisco Bay Guardian, Santa Barbara Independent and Aquarium Drunkard have interviews with Beach House. They play the Toronto Islands on June 19.
The Colorado Springs Independent and OC Weekly talk to Alan Sparhawk of Retribution Gospel Choir.
The Courier-Journal, NorthJersey.com and Spinner talk to Titus Andronicus frontman Patrick Stickles.
Filter thinks you should already know Ted Leo. He's at Lee's Palace on June 26.
Voxy has an interview with Wilco's John Stirratt.
MBV Music has got the first MP3 from the forthcoming Pernice Brothers record Goodbye, Killer. It's out June 15.
New LCD Soundsystem video. I hope they dress their roadies up like pandas whilst on tour. This Is Happening is out May 18 and they play the Kool Haus on May 25.
Video: LCD Soundsystem – "Drunk Girls"
M.I.A. will release her third album, as yet untitled, on June 29.
The Fader have got an MP3 of the Blonde Redhead contribution to 4AD's Record Store Day 12″ available to download.
MP3: Blonde Redhead – "Not Getting There"
CokeMachineGlow has an interview with A Sunny Day In Glasgow.
A Head Full Of Wishes reports that Dean & Britta's soundtrack for the 13 Most Beautiful… Songs for Andy Warhol's Screen Tests film will be getting a release this Summer.
Tonight's Los Campesinos! gig at the Phoenix has been canceled due to volcanic activity; the band are still stuck in the UK. Refunds available at point of purchase.
Following their April 23 show at the Horseshoe, Heavy Trash will play an in-store at Sonic Boom on April 24 at 2PM.
Daniel, Fred & Julie are scheduled to play an in-store at Soundscapes on April 26 at 7:30PM.
It's almost a V Fest 2008 reunion when Silversun Pickups and Against Me! hit the road with The Henry Clay People for a North American tour that includes a June 29 date at the Sound Academy in Toronto; tickets $34.50 in advance.
Crowded House will be at Massey Hall on July 12 in support of their new record Intriguer, due out June 12. The Herald-Sun and The Daily Telegraph talk to Neil Finn about the new album.
Edward Sharpe & The Magnetic Zeros have a July 30 date at the Phoenix, tickets $19 in advance.
MP3: Edward Sharpe & The Magnetic Zeroes – "40 Day Dream"
Bernard Butler gives BBC6 a guitar lesson, teaching them – and you – how to play "Animal Nitrate". Probably the closest we'll ever come to hearing him play Suede songs again.
Tags: A Sunny Day In Glasgow, Antlers, Beach House, Bernard Butler, Blonde Redhead, Daniel Fred & Julie, Dean & Britta, Edward Sharpe & The Magnetic Zeros, Heavy Trash, Hold Steady, LCD Soundsystem, Los Campesinos, M.I.A., National, Pernice Brothers, Retribution Gospel Choir, Ted Leo, Titus Andronicus, Whigs, Wilco
bobfrombob says:
Turns out THS are booked for Ottawa Bluesfest on the 17th. I suspect the 16th will still be beer-soaked.
Stephen Frost says:
omg, yes, clarinet action.
Sloan at Sonic Boom and The Tallest Man On Earth at Criminal Records in Toronto →
← Review of Caribou's Swim

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
South Tipperary Road Worker 1968
Meet a man who has spent his working life making and maintaining the roads of Tipperary.
Michael Cleary, like his father before him, works on the roads of County Tipperary. As the county has over 1,500 miles of roads he is never short of work. While machinery has brought about some changes to his job, the brush, shovel and tar bucket are still the tools of the trade.
Michael Cleary lives with his wife and children in the countryside near Cahir. Their eldest son Denis goes to the technical school in Cahir, and may become a carpenter when he leaves school. Denis comes from a generation with education and money. These provide him with opportunities that were unavailable to his father.
The Cleary family go to Cahir every Saturday morning, where Michael's wife does most of her shopping for the week ahead. She is very content with her life.
For some people life in the country is very difficult, it is dull hard and tough, but I'm very lucky, I've got a lovely home a lovely family a good husband, I'm very happy.
The world is rapidly changing and by the time Michael Cleary reaches retirement age, much of his work will be carried out by machinery. It is certain his sons will not be doing the same work that he is doing but,
Whatever work they have, they will be very lucky if they are as half as happy and contented in theirs, as their father has been in his 50 years of work making the roads of South Tipperary.
The 'Rural Portrait' series was devised by producer and director Odran Walsh. It portrays the lives of ordinary county people. The series consists of three men, a road worker, a vicar and a factory worker.
'Rural Portrait: King of the Road' was first broadcast on 23 December 1968. The reporter is Brian Cleeve.
Halloween Safety 1989
How To Make Halloween Costumes 1994
Potholes In Kildare 1995
Paudge The Gravedigger 1971
Wicklow Shillelagh Stick Maker 1986
Bonesetter Jimmy Heffernan 1967
Wooden Toilet Seats 1986
Philosopher to Basket Weaver 1980
A Silversmith at Work 1985
Postman Never Missed Work in 48 Years 1984
The Hearth and Stool and All 1977
Getting Directions In Rural Ireland 1972
What Future For The Hurley? 1976
John B Keane On Emigration 1963
New Road Atlas of Ireland 1985
Sculptor Michael Biggs 1973
Campaign To Save Thatching 1979


The present invention provides a method and system for inserting advertisement content into a text message. The text message is sent from a first communication device by a subscriber to a recipient via a SMSC. The method for inserting advertisement content into the text message includes changing (302) original SMSC address of the text message. The method further includes receiving the text message (304) with the changed SMSC address. Further, the method includes inserting (306) at least one advertisement into the text message, where the at least one advertisement is selected from one or more advertisements. The method further includes directing the text message (308) with the at least one advertisement to the SMSC. Finally, the method includes providing a credit (310) to the subscriber for the text message.
The present invention relates to the field of Short Message Service (SMS), and more particularly, to a method and system for inserting advertisement content into a text message.
Messaging, such as Short Message Service (SMS) is a phenomenon that has become increasingly popular in the field of mobile communications. Around the world, multitudes of users send messages every day. Though the price to send each SMS is not very high, as a user sends more and more messages, he may become apprehensive about spending too much money. So cost-conscious users may well welcome a service which can reduce or even eliminate the price to send SMS-type messages.
Explosive growth in over the past several years and increasing competition has forced service operators to lower the cost of mobile services. So mobile operators (operators of public mobile wireless networks) are looking for alternate sources of revenue. Advertising comes to mind, since it has been so successful in print, broadcast and internet media. Operators hope to also capitalize upon it in the mobile world. One approach would be to insert advertising content into a text message sent to mobile phone subscribers.
According to the GSM Specification 340, there is a maximum length of 140 Octets for text message content. The actual maximum size of characters of a text message depends on the Data Coding Scheme (DCS) employed. In case of a 7-bit scheme, the length of a text message is up to 160 characters. In case of an 8-bit scheme, the length of a text message is up to 140 characters. In case of UCS2 encoding, the length of a text message is up to 70 characters. But very often, a user does not send a text message with maximum number of characters. So very often, there is room for inserting at least a textual advertisement to the text message.
One approach for inserting advertisement content into a text message is based on Short Message Service Center (SMSC) modification. In this approach, when a text message goes through a SMSC, the SMSC inserts advertisement content into the sender's text message if the sender has subscribed to an advertisement based service. But the problem with this approach is that an existing SMSC needs be modified, which introduces huge costs when an operator has a large number of SMSCs. For example, SMS is popular in China, but China Mobile operates a large number of SMSCs. Another problem faced in this approach is that all text messages will need to be checked against advertisement based service-subscription, whether the senders are advertisement subscribers or not. This will lead to increased CPU usage and introduce an otherwise unnecessary load on each SMSC. Further, modifying an existing SMSC could affect the promptness and reliability of existing SMS service even when a small number of users subscribe to the advertisement based SMS service.
Yet another approach for inserting advertisement content into a text message is for the subscriber to add a prefix to a destination number or send a SMS a special number with top line of the message being the destination number. But then, the subscriber would not be able to initiate messages using the phonebook feature of his handset, in which the destination numbers are stored without prefix. Further, a Short Message Entity (SME) address will have to be defined for each SMSC. Also, the SMSC may still be changed so as not to charge the prepaid subscribers for advertisement based sponsored text message.
International Patent Application WO 03/015430 describes a method of including advertising content in a message in which the sender selects an advertisement to be included with the message and sends the message together with the advertisement (or an indication thereof) to the recipient. In an embodiment, the sender sends a tag designating the advertisement to a service provider or other entity which appends the advertisement to the message and splits the message as appropriate en route to the recipient.
International Patent Application WO 02/07454 describes call-unrelated triggering in an intelligent network. A short message or an Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) chain is received and processed by a switching means on the basis of stored subscriber data. There is also provided a control means for controlling the processing operation of the switching means which reports to the control means upon detection of an event detection point previously armed by the control means. In an embodiment, the control means may change the destination of the short message, i.e. both the SMSC address and called party where the short message was originally sent to.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a system or method, that can insert advertisement content into text messages without modifying the existing network infrastructure. Additionally, there is a need for system, which can provide subscribers of the advertisement based service a cost effective solution for sending text messages.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary environment in which various embodiments of the present invention can be practiced.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for inserting advertisement content, into a text message, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 illustrates a system Architecture of the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 illustrates a process flow of relaying a text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary flow of sending the text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary flow of receiving a reply to text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary flow of failed delivery of the text message sent through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 illustrates a system Architecture of the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message for multiple operators, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 illustrates a process flow of receiving the text message within CAMEL 3 framework with a new MO-SMS-CSI for the subscriber, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 illustrates a process flow of receiving the text message within CAMEL 3 framework with an existing MO-SMS-CSI for the subscriber, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 illustrates a process flow of sending delivery status information to the subscriber, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 illustrates a process flow of sending delivery status information to the subscriber, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
One object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for inserting advertising content into a text message.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for inserting advertising content into text messages without modifying the existing network infrastructure.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for providing people with a cost effective solution for sending text messages.
The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a method and system for inserting advertising content into a text message. The text message is sent from a first communication device by a subscriber to a recipient via an SMSC. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the method for inserting advertising content into a text message includes changing original SMSC address of the text message. The method further includes receiving the text message. Further, the method includes inserting at least one advertisement into the text message, where the at least one advertisement is selected from one or more advertisements. The method further includes directing the text message with the at least one advertisement to the SMSC. Finally, the method includes providing a credit to the subscriber for the text message.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the system for inserting advertising content into a text message includes a SMS-relay platform for receiving the text message and directing the text message to the SMSC. The text message is received at the SMS-relay platform after having original SMSC address changed. Further, the system includes an advertisement module for inserting at least one advertisement into the text message received at the SMS-relay platform, where the at least one advertisement is selected from one or more advertisements. Finally, the system includes a credit module for providing a credit to the subscriber for the text message.
Before describing in detail the particular method and system for inserting advertisement content into a text message in accordance with the present invention, it should be observed that the present invention resides primarily in combinations of method steps and system components related to inserting advertisement content into a text message.
Accordingly, the system components and method steps have been represented where appropriate by conventional symbols in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the present invention so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.
In this document, relational terms such as 'first' and 'second', and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms 'comprises', 'comprising', or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by 'comprises ... a' does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. When this specification refers to "SS7" what is meant is a signaling protocol of any description (be it SS7, Sigtran, or any other), or any signaling network.
According to the GSM Specification 340, there is a maximum length of 140 Octets for text message content. The actual maximum size of characters of a text message depends on the Data Coding Scheme (DCS) employed. In case of a 7-bit scheme, the length of a text message is up to 160 characters. In case of an 8-bit scheme, the length of a text message is up to 140 characters. In case of UCS2 encoding, the length of a text message is up to 70 characters. But very often, a user does not send a text message with maximum length of the text message content. So there is room in each such text message for adding at least a textual advertisement.
The present invention provides a method and system for inserting advertisement content into a text message. In an embodiment of the present invention, the system is put in a signaling network (such as an SS7, Sigtran, or other signaling protocol-based network) without changing any existing SMSCs and without changing subscription and registration profiles at existing network infrastructure. For example, a preferred embodiment requires no material modification to existing network elements such as HLR, VLR, VMSC, SGSN and the like.
A text message is sent from a first communication device by a subscriber to a recipient via an SMSC. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the method for inserting advertisement content into a text message includes changing original SMSC address of the text message. The method further includes receiving the text message with the changed SMSC address. Further, the method includes inserting at least one advertisement into the text message, where the at least one advertisement is selected from one or more advertisements. The method further includes directing the text message with the at least one advertisement to the SMSC. Finally, the method includes providing a credit to the subscriber for the text message.
It is noted that some embodiments of the present invention involve an advertising insertion element inspecting the contents of a user's message, and matching that to advertising content for insertion into the message sent to the destination user. Normally, that element would not be under the control of the user, but under the control of the mobile operator or advertising service provider. In some countries, it may be considered an invasion of privacy for such a third party to inspect the contents of a user's private communications without his permission. Registered common carriers, such as mobile operators, for the purposes of maintaining their registration and common carrier immunity, may be similarly prohibited from inspecting the contents of messages absent a user's permission. For the purposes of this specification, it is assumed that all practitioners of the present invention would be sure to comply with law and regulation while using the invention. For example, in preferred embodiments, the mobile operator or advertising service operating that ad-insertion element, would obtain the sender's permission before permitting the element, as a default matter, to inspect the contents of his outgoing messages.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary environment in which various embodiments of the present invention can be practiced. The environment includes a first communication device 102, a second communication device 104, a third communication device 106 and a fourth communication device 108. Examples of communication devices 102, 104, 106 and 108 include mobile phones, landline phones, computers, laptops, smart phones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), WiFi phones, tablet PCs, watches, fax machines, cameras, and the like. The environment includes one or more SMSCs for delivering text messages. In an embodiment of the present invention, a user uses the first communication device 102 to send a text message to the second communication device 104 via a SMSC 110.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a system 202 for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The text message is sent from a first communication device 102 by a subscriber to a recipient via the SMSC 110. The SMSC 110 is an original SMSC of the text message. The original SMSC address of the text message is changed so that the text message is received at the system 202. The system 202 includes a SMS-relay platform 204, and an advertisement module 206, and a credit module 208.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the original SMSC address of the text message is changed by mapping a Global Title (GT) to the original SMSC address of the text message at the first communication device 102. In this approach, a Global Title (GT) works as a fake SMSC address for ad-inserted-SMS subscribers. Hence, the subscriber has an address of the system 202 corresponding to the SMSC 110 as the new SMSC address on the first communication device 102. In this way, when the subscriber sends the text message, the text message is handled by the system 202 first.
An SMS-relay platform 204 is capable of receiving the text message from the first communication device 102 and directing the text message to the SMSC 110. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is connected to the SMSC 110 via a SS7 connection. Examples of the SS7 connection include, but are not limited to, TDM and SIGTRAN. The SMS-relay platform 204 relays the MO-SMS from a mobile station to an original SMSC. The platform handles MAP message "MAP-MO-FORWARD-SHORT-MESSAGE" to get the SMS.
The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces with an advertisement module 206 to insert advertisement content into the text message content. When the text message is going through the SMS Relay system 202, the content of the text message is analyzed automatically by the advertisement module 206. In an embodiment of the present invention, an advertisement is selected from a database having a plurality of advertisements based on pre-specified criteria. The pre-specified criteria includes the content of the text message (keywords, language, size), the profile of a subscriber, the recipient profile, the context, and the free space (the unused part to the maximum length of the text message) of the text message. The selected advertisement is then inserted to the content of the text message.
The SMS-relay platform 204 then interfaces with a credit module 208 to apply a credit to the first subscriber. The SMS-Relay platform 204 then relays the text message with inserted content to the SMSC 110 corresponding to the GT of the Ad-Insertion service address used by the subscriber. The credit module 208 is capable of interfacing an operator's prepaid system for prepaid subscribers and an operator's billing system for postpaid subscribers. The credit module 208 credits a subscriber for an ad-inserted text message as long as the text message reaches the SMSC 110. In an embodiment of the present invention, the credit is confirmed by the credit module 208 only when a recipient receives the ad-inserted text message. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces the credit module 208 to apply a credit to the sender only after the SMSC 110 acks for the successful receipt of the ad-inserted text message from the SMS-relay platform 204. This is done to avoid abuse of the Ad-insertion system 202 and to prevent a subscriber from sending a text message to a fake destination to gain credit. In another embodiment of the present invention, the ad-inserted text message does not get delivered to the second communication device 104, and further, the credit is retracted by the credit module 208 from the first subscriber. On receiving negative ack (For example, not allowed to send the text message or unknown destination number) on the reception of the message by the SMSC 110, the SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces the credit module 208 to retract the credit. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 has a database of blacklisted subscribers who may be abusers of the Ad-insertion system 202, whose are children with parents who may have blocked access to advertisements, or who have may themselves "opted out" of any advertising or third party publishing to their handsets. The database of the blacklisted subscribers can be dynamically built based on credit history, default rate, opt-in / opt-out information, or default pattern of the subscribers, or any other subscriber-selected, operator-selected, or automatically selected criteria.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the original SMSC address of the text message is changed via a CAMEL-based approach. The CAMEL approach can be applied for a HPMN that supports CAMEL 3 or above. In the CAMEL approach, the subscriber does not need to change SMSC address on the first communication device 102. However the subscriber is provisioned at HLR with a CAMEL 3 MO-SMS CAMEL Subscription Information (MO-SMS-CSI) which is downloaded to VLR at the registration of the VLR by the subscriber. The Service Control Point (SCP) of the trigger is the SMS-relay platform 204.
Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message is sent to the SCP by a Service Switch Point (SSP). For example, MSC, SGSN and the like. The SCP then redirects the SSP to send the text message to pass through the SCP itself by changing the SMSC address to be a global title of the system 202 to correspond to the original SMSC address. The system 202 then inserts advertisement content into the text message first before directing the text message to the SMSC 110.
In another embodiment, the subscriber already has a MO-SMS CSI in the HLR. Further, the service key of the profile in the HLR is changed to another service key corresponding to the system 202. Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message is passed by SSP to the original SCP via relay through the SMS-relay platform 204.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The text message is sent from the first communication device 102 by the subscriber to the recipient via the SMSC 110.
At step 302, the SMSC address of the text message is changed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the original SMSC address of the text message is changed at the first communication device. The SMSC address is changed by mapping a Global Title (GT) to the original SMSC address of the text message at the first communication device 102. The GT is the address for sending the text message to the system 202. In the one embodiment, the subscriber changes the SMSC address information on the first communication device 102 manually.
In another embodiment, the operator or the mobile advertising service provider changes the SMSC address at the first communication device 102 remotely, for example through an Over The Air (OTA) process. When a new user subscribes for the Ad-insertion SMS service, the OTA system sends a special message to the first communication device 102 to change the original SMSC address to the GT of the system 202.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the original SMSC address of the text message is changed via the CAMEL approach. The subscriber sends the text message, and then the control of the text message is sent to a SCP by the Service Switch Point (SSP). The SCP then redirects the SSP to send the text message to pass through the system 202 by changing the SMSC address to global title of the system 202 to correspond to the original SMSC address.
At step 304, the system 202 receives the text message at the SMS-relay platform 204, where the text message is received with the changed SMSC address. The SMS-relay platform 204 then interfaces with the advertisement module 206 to insert at least one advertisement at step 306. The at least one advertisement is selected from one or more advertisements. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform converts Data Coding Scheme (DCS) of the text message and the at least one advertisement to a same DCS. In another embodiment of the present invention, the text message is substantially long and there are not enough Octets in the text message to insert the at least one advertisement. Then, the SMS-relay platform 204 breaks the text message into at least two text messages. The SMS-relay platform 204 then interfaces with the advertisement 206 and inserts advertisement content into at least one of the at least two text messages.
At step 308, the SMS-relay platform 204 directs the text message to the SMSC 110. In an embodiment of the present invention, the text message is directed to the SMSC 110 by mapping Global Title (GT) of the text message with the original SMSC address. At step 310, the SMS-relay platform interfaces with the credit module 208 and provides a credit to the subscriber for the text message. In an embodiment of the present invention, the credit includes a refund of charges of the text message, a free text message, reward points to the subscriber, adding cash reward into an account created for the subscriber, refund of a part of the text message, and a free talk time to the subscriber. But note that the credit can be granted to the subscriber as any form of benefit, like frequent-flyer points, loyalty points or even as a cash reward. The credits can be accumulated arithmetically such that the benefit paid to the subscriber is directly proportional to the number of credits on a one-to-one basis, they can correspond to different tiered membership levels, or they can progress geometrically or by any other mathematical function chosen by the operator or service provider establishing the Credit scheme.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The text message is sent from the first communication device 102 by the subscriber to the recipient via the SMSC 110. At step 302, the SMSC address of the text message is changed by mapping a GT of the system 202 to the original SMSC address.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the GT is selected from one or more GTs, where each GT of the one or more GTs is associated with a different VMSC/SGSN charge zone address. The SMS-relay platform 204 selects a GT from the pool of charge zone of the original VMSC/SGSN address to correspond to VMSC/SGSN address.
At step 304, the system 202 receives the text message at the SMS-relay platform 204, where the text message is received with the changed SMSC address. The SMS-relay platform 204 then interfaces with the advertisement module 206 for inserting advertisement content. At step 402, the advertisement module 206 can analyze the content or length of the text message, to the extent that privacy regulations permit it, and can analyze any other aspect of the message, including counting the characters, looking up the id of the calling party in any number of databases, including one that provides a user profile corresponding to that ID, or authenticates that id.
Further, at step 404, the advertisement module 206 selects at least one advertisement from one or more advertisements based on pre-specified criteria. The pre-specified criteria can be one or more criteria selected from a group comprising: content of the text message, profile of the subscriber, profile of the recipient, one or more keywords from the text message, size of the text message, language of the text message, context of the text message, context of a text message conversation between the subscriber and the recipient; bidding price of at least one keywords of the text message, and data coding schemes supported by the SMSC 110.
At step 306, the SMS-relay platform interfaces with the advertisement module 206 and inserts the at least one advertisement that is selected. At step 308, the SMS-relay platform 204 directs the text message to the SMSC 110. Further, at step 310, the SMS-relay platform interfaces with the credit module 208 and provides a credit to the subscriber for the text message. At step 406, the system 202 receives delivery status information of the text message from the SMSC 110. At step 408, the system 202 then checks if the delivery status information of the text message is positive and the text message has been delivered. In an embodiment of the present invention, the message does not get delivered. Examples of the cases when the message does not get delivered include, but are not limited to, unknown recipient number, and recipient number unreachable. Further, the system 202 retracts the credit provided to the subscriber for the text message at step 410. At step 412, the system 202 checks if message delivery failure rate of the subscriber reaches above a pre-specified threshold. In an embodiment of the present invention, the message delivery failure rate crosses the pre-specified threshold. Further, the system 202 blacklists the subscriber at step 414. Finally, at step 416, the system 202 sends a status report to the subscriber, where the status report includes the delivery status information. In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 inserts an advertisement into the status report. In another embodiment of the present invention, the status report includes credit balance of the subscriber. In yet another embodiment, the status report includes the failure delivery rate of the subscriber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 provides credit to the subscriber only after the system 202 received confirmation of successful delivery of the text message. In case the message does not get delivered, the system 202 does not provide the subscriber with a credit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 disables the insertion of the advertisement content into the text message temporarily. For example, when the subscriber wants to send the text message to his client, he may not want advertisement into the text message. In an embodiment of the present invention, the subscriber adds a pre-specified prefix to the recipient's number and on receiving the text message with the pre-specified prefix, the system 202 disables the insertion of the advertisement content into the text message.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 sends a request to the SMSC 110 for routing reply of the recipient through the system 202. Further, the system 202 receives the reply message of the recipient. In an embodiment, the system 202 insets an advertisement into the reply message before sending the reply message to the subscriber.
FIG. 5 illustrates a system Architecture of the system 202 for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The system 202 includes a SMS-relay platform 204, and an advertisement module 206, a credit module 208, a content analyzing engine 502, and advertisement database 504.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the subscriber of the ad-insertion SMS service should have an address of the system 202 in place of the SMSC 110 stored on the first communication device 102. In this approach, if the subscriber wants to use the Ad-insertion SMS service, the subscriber may need to change the original SMSC address to the GT of the SMS-relay platform 204 on the first communication device 102. As far as the subscriber is concerned, this GT is an Ad-insertion SMSC address. After that, when the subscriber sends a text message, the text message is sent to the SMS-relay platform 204. In an embodiment of the present invention, if the subscriber does not want to use this service at some time, the subscriber changes the GT on the first communication device 102 to the original SMSC address. In another embodiment of the present invention, if the subscriber does not know or remember the original SMSC address, the subscriber sends a pre-specified text message to a special SME address via the SMS-relay platform 204. The SME address points to the System 202. The pre-specified message then reaches the system 202 and the system 202 the GT to map to the original SMSC address which is then be delivered to the subscriber.
In another embodiment of the present invention, if an operator and the operator's subscriber mobile station base support change of configuration of handsets/SIM through an Over The Air (OTA) system, the subscriber does not need to change the original SMSC address manually on the first communication device 102. Instead, when the first subscriber applies for the Ad-insertion SMS service, the OTA system sends a special SMS to the first communication device 102 to change the original SMSC address to the Ad-insertion SMSC address. When the first subscriber wants to switch back to the SMSC 110, the OTA system then sends another special SMS to the first communication device 102 to change the SMSC address to the original SMSC address.
In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the original SMSC address of the text message is changed via a CAMEL approach. The CAMEL approach can be applied for a HPMN that supports CAMEL 3 or above. In the CAMEL approach, the subscriber does not need to change SMSC address on the first communication device 102. However the subscriber is provisioned at HLR with a CAMEL 3 MO-SMS CAMEL Subscription Information (MO-SMS-CSI) which is downloaded to VLR at the registration of the VLR by the subscriber. The Service Control Point (SCP) of the trigger is the SMS-relay platform 204. Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message is sent to the SCP by a Service Switch Point (SSP). The SCP then redirects the SSP to send the text message to pass through the SCP itself by changing the SMSC address to be a global title of the system 202 to correspond to the original SMSC address. In another embodiment, the subscriber already has a MO-SMS CSI in the HLR. Further, the service key of the profile in the HLR is changed to another service key corresponding to the system 202. Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message is passed by SSP to the original SCP via relay through the SMS-relay platform 204.
The SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to receive the text message from the first communication device 102 and relay the text message to the SMSC 110.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to receive delivery status information of the text message from the SMSC 110. Further, the SMS-relay platform 204 sends the delivery status information to the first communication device 102 of the first subscriber. Since the system 202 needs to have delivery information on a delivery of an Ad-inserted text message in order to confirm/debit the credit of the subscriber, the SMS-relay platform 204 inserts a delivery receipt request before directing the text message to the SMSC 110 for delivery.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to disable the insertion of the advertisement content into the text message temporarily. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first subscriber needs to disable the Ad-insertion SMS service temporarily. For example, while sending a text message to a client, sending a text message to a boss and the like. It is inconvenient for the first subscriber to change the SMSC address for a one-off text message, and change it back after sending the text message. In the present embodiment, a prefix to a recipient address can be used to disable this service temporarily. If the first subscriber wants to send a text message without advertisement content, he adds the prefix to the destination number. When the SMS-relay platform 204 receives the text message with the prefix on the destination number, the SMS-relay platform 204 does not interface with the advertisement module 206 for inserting content into the text message. The SMS-relay platform 204 then removes the prefix from the destination number and forwards the text message to the SMSC 110 directly.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to send a reply path request to the SMSC 110. If the SMSC 110 supports the Reply Path Request, the recipient of the ad-inserted text message can use the original SMSC address for reply since the prefix may only be understood by the SMSC 110. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 captures the context of message exchanges between the first subscriber and the recipient of the text message. In another embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-Relay platform 204 sends another advertisement to the subscriber. In this case, no credit need be provided this time to the subscriber. In another embodiment of the present invention, advertisement content is inserted into the reply the subscriber receives from the recipient of the text message. For example, the first subscriber's message is "Have you had Lunch yet" and the recipient's reply is "Not yet, you have anywhere in mind". The Ad-insertion system 202 then inserts an advertisement to the reply "Not yet, you have anywhere in mind ** Pizza hut at 20% discount". Note that the Ad-insertion system, in a preferred embodiment, would maintain a status dictated by privacy law and regulation, as to whether the Ad-insertion system has the required permission (from the subscriber or other) to read or monitor the contents of those user-created messages for the purposes of matching them to advertising content.
The advertisement module 206 includes the content analysis module 502 and the database 504. The content analysis module 502 is capable of analyzing content of the text message. Examples of the basis on which the content can be analyzed include, but are not limited to, keywords, free space of the text message (i.e. how much space free for advertisement insertion), the first subscriber and the recipient profiles (For example age group, interests and the like), the context of the message (For example, to resolve multiple meanings of same keywords).
Further, the content analysis module 502 picks out an advertisement from the database 504. The advertisement database 504 stores a plurality of advertisements. All advertisement content that is inserted in a text message is less than 140 characters. In an embodiment of the present invention, in the database 504, the plurality of advertisement content is classified into categories to allow a right advertisement content to be inserted to the text message based on the content analysis by the content analysis module 502. In an embodiment, an advertisement content is purely brand-based or context dependent. In another embodiment of the present invention, each advertisement is attached to a set of keywords with bid price for each keyword to allow the advertisement with highest bid for a set of keywords to be chosen. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the advertisement module 206 presents the sender and recipient profiles so that each advertisement can be tagged with a bid price for a keyword for each recipient profile.
For example, if the content of the text message is "Have you had lunch?", the content analysis module 310 seeks an advertisement from the database 504 that is under the category "Eating" that desires the keyword "Lunch". If more than one record is provided in the result, the content analysis module 502 picks one based on the bid price. The ad-inserted text message can be something like "Have you had Lunch? ** 20% discount at Pizza Hut; Call 1234". If the reply is "Not yet, what's your plan on Saturday?" and both the sender and the recipients are tennis players, the content analysis module 502 can add an advertisement to the reply message as "Not yet, what's your plan on Saturday? ** tennis training for $20, call 1234".
In an embodiment of the present invention, different languages of the advertisement content may be present in the database 504 to allow the addition of an advertisement with a language that corresponds to the language of the text message content for the same meaning of the advertisement. In another embodiment of the present invention, different sizes of a same advertisement are present in the database 504 to allow shorter form of an advertisement of the same meaning to be inserted into a text message that has lesser free space.
The credit module 208 provides a credit to the subscriber. The system SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to retract the credit when the text message does not get delivered to a second communication device. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces the credit module 208 to credit the sender before directing the ad-inserted text message to the SMSC 110. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMSC 110 immediately fails to deliver the message because of access control or other reason (For example, unknown destination number and the like), then the SMSC 110 sends ack back to the SMS-relay platform 204. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces the credit module 208 and retracts the credit of the subscriber. In an embodiment, the SMS-relay platform 204 requests a delivery receipt from the SMSC 110 even when the subscriber has not requested so. If the final delivery is not successful, the SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces the credit module 208 and retracts the subscriber's credit.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 credits the subscriber only after a positive acknowledgement from the SMSC 110 on the relayed ad-inserted text message.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 is configured to change Data Coding Scheme (DCS) of the text message and Data Coding Scheme (DCS) of an advertisement. In the database 504, each advertisement of the one or more advertisements can have a description in more than one language. In GT Mapping table, each SMSC will also have the list of supported DCSs. If the DCS of the text message is different with than advertisement content, there will be a DCS converting. For example, the DCS of the text message is 7-bit and the DCS of an advertisement is UCS2, and so the DCS of the text message is converted to UCS2 and then the advertisement is inserted into the text message. Another example is, the DCS of the text message is UCS2 and the DCS of an advertisement is 7-bit, and so the DCS of the advertisement is converted to UCS2 and then the advertisement is inserted into the text message. However, usually the same DCS advertisement as the DCS of the text message is inserted.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 is configured to break the text message into at least two text messages. In an embodiment of the present invention, advertisement content cannot be inserted for a long text message because of lack of needed free space. The SMS-relay platform 204 then breaks the long text message into two text messages, where an advertisement can be inserted into each of the two text messages. The first subscriber is then provided two credits for the two text messages. In another embodiment of the present invention, the text message is binary. When the DCS of a text message is 8-bit, the text message is recognized as a binary text message. The content analyzing engine 502 does not add an advertisement into the binary text message. The SMS-relay platform 204 then sends an advertisement as a separate text message. The credit module 208 then provides a credit for the text message to the first subscriber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the subscriber is on a roaming network and the system 202 is configured to determine location of the subscriber. The location can be determined by SCCP CgPA of the text message. In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 may not add advertising content to the text message sent from the first communication device 102. In another embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 can provide local credit to the subscriber's account. So the subscriber has to pay for the difference in cost of a roaming text message and a local text message. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 provides roaming credit to the subscriber's account. The roaming credit can be equal to retail roaming cost of the text message sent by the subscriber at VPMN. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the system 202 can provide roaming credit to the subscriber's account. To cover the extra cost, the system 202 can send a separate advertisements to each one of the subscriber and the recipient.
FIG. 6 illustrates a process flow of relaying a text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The short message (SM) which has its SMSC address changed to the SMSC address of the SMS-relay platform 204 is sent from a mobile device 602. The MSC 604 forwards MO-FW-SM to the SMS-relay platform 204. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces with the advertisement module 206. The content analyzing engine 502 analyzes the content of the MO-FW-SM, and based on the analysis, searches advertisements in the database 504. The content analyzing engine 502 inserts an advertisement selected from the database 504 and sends the AD-inserted SMS to the SMS-relay platform 204. The SMS-relay platform 204 relays the AD-inserted MO-FW-SM to the SMSC 110. Further, the SMSC 110 acks the SMS-relay platform 204 for the MO-FW-SM and then the SMS-relay platform 204 provides a credit to the subscriber by interfacing with the credit module 208. Finally, the SMS-relay platform 204 acks the mobile device 602 for the MO-FW-SM.
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary flow of sending the text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The first communication device 102 sends the text message (TM) "Have you had lunch?" to the second communication device 104. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces with the advertisement module 206. The content analysis module 310 seeks an advertisement from the database 504 that is under the category "Eating" that desires the keyword "Lunch". The database returns "20% discount at Pizza Hut; Call 1234" and the advertisement module 206 inserts the returned advertisement. Then, the ad-inserted new message (NM) is "Have you had Lunch? ** 20% discount at Pizza Hut; Call 1234". Finally, SMS-relay platform 204 directs the NM to the SMSC 110.
FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary flow of receiving a reply to text message through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The SMS-relay platform 204 captures the context of message exchanges between the first subscriber and the recipient of the text message. The subscriber's message is "Have you had Lunch yet" and the recipient's reply is "Not yet, let's do Pizza Hut at 1230pm. How's your house hunting?". The reply message is sent from the second communication device 104 to the first communication device 102. The SMS-Relay platform 204 the inserts another advertisement into the reply the subscriber receives from the recipient of the text message. Then, the ad-inserted new message (NM) is "Not yet, let's do Pizza Hut at 1230pm. How's your house hunting? ** check out mortgage at www.mortgage.com". Finally, the NM is sent to the first communication device 102 via SMSC 802 of the second communication device 104.
FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary flow of failed delivery of the text message sent through the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The first communication device 102 sends the text message (TM) "Have you had lunch?" to the second communication device 104. The SMS-relay platform 204 interfaces with the advertisement module 206. Then, the ad-inserted new message (NM) is "Have you had Lunch? ** 20% discount at Pizza Hut; Call 1234". Further, SMS-relay platform 204 directs the NM to the SMSC 110 and a credit is applied to the subscriber. The NM fails to get delivered to the second communication device 104. The SMSC 110 acks the SMS-relay platform about the failure delivery of the NM. Finally, the SMSC 110 interfaces with the credit module 208 and retracts the credit provided to the subscriber.
FIG. 10 illustrates a system Architecture of the system for inserting advertisement content into a text message for multiple operators, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is configured to network with a plurality of SMSCs. Thus, the system 202 for the Ad-Insertion SMS Service can serve a network consisting of more than one SMSC. The system 202 can also serve more than one network with a single SMS-relay platform 204. The system 202 includes a GT mapping table, which helps in relaying the MO-SMS to proper SMSC. Corresponding to each SMSC there is an individual GT associated with the central SMS-relay platform 204. The SMS-relay platform 204 maps the SCCP CdPA and the TCAP/MAP SMSC parameter of the text message to the original SMSC address.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 is associated with a pool of GTs for each charge zone of VMSC/SGSN addresses. The SMS-relay platform 204 selects a GT from the pool of the charge zone of the original VMSC/SGSN address to correspond to the VMSC/SGSN address. This ensures that the reception and possibly the final delivery result of the ad-inserted text message by the SMSC 110 is received by the SMS-relay platform 204 to confirm/retract the credit of the subscriber. It also ensures that a charging-based-on-location SMSC applies the right charge to the MO-SMS sent by the subscriber.
FIG. 11 illustrates a process flow of receiving the text message within CAMEL 3 framework with a new MO-SMS-CSI for the subscriber, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The CAMEL approach can be applied for a HPMN that supports CAMEL 3 or above. In the CAMEL approach, the subscriber does not need to change SMSC address on the first communication device 102. However the subscriber is provisioned at HLR with a CAMEL 3 MO-SMS CAMEL Subscription Information (MO-SMS-CSI) which is downloaded to VLR at the registration of the VLR by the subscriber. The Service Control Point (SCP) of the trigger is the SMS-relay platform 204.
Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message is sent to the SCP by a Service Switch Point (SSP). For example, MSC, SGSN and the like. The SCP then can redirect the SSP to send the text message to pass through the SCP itself by changing the SMSC address to be a global title of the system 202 to correspond to the original SMSC address. The SMS-relay platform 204 then inserts an advertisement into the MO-FW-SM and sends AD-inserted SMS message to the SMSC 110. Further, the SMSC 110 acks the SMS-relay platform 204 for the MO-FW-SM and then the SMS-relay platform 204 provides a credit to the subscriber by interfacing with the credit module 208. Finally, the SMS-relay platform 204 acks the mobile device 602 for the MO-FW-SM.
FIG. 12 illustrates a process flow of receiving the text message within CAMEL 3 framework with an existing MO-SMS-CSI for the subscriber, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The subscriber already has a MO-SMS CSI in the HLR. Further, the service key of the profile in the HLR is changed to another service key corresponding to the system 202. Each time the subscriber sends a text message, the control of the text message can be passed by SSP to the original SCP via relay through the SMS-relay platform 204.
The SMS-relay platform 204 can examine the Service Key of the control message IntialDP-SMS from the SSP. If the Service key corresponds to the Ad-insertion SMS Service, then the SMS-relay platform 204 changes the service key back to the original service key via a mapping before directing the InitialDP-SMS to the original SCP. The original SCP sends the response instruction to the SSP via the SMS-relay platform 204 again. The SMS-relay platform 204 changes the SMSC to a global title of the SMS-relay platform 204 before sending a ConnectSMS (SMS-Relay) to the SSP. When the text message is goes through the SMS-relay platform 204, it inserts advertisement content into the text message first before directing the message to the SMSC 110.
FIG. 13 illustrates a process flow of sending delivery status information to the subscriber, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 uses an IP protocol such as SMPP, CIMD, UCP etc to relay SMS to the SMSC 110. In this case, the SMS-relay platform 204 is like an application SME. The delivery information module 302 can set a delivery receipt request on in the IP request to the SMSC 110. Further, the SMSC 110 can send the delivery information receipt to the SMS-relay platform 204 via an IP interface like SMPP, CIMD, and UCP. Finally, the delivery information module 302 can send the delivery information receipt directly to the first subscriber via a Status Report message.
FIG. 14 illustrates a process flow of sending delivery status information to the subscriber, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In another embodiment of the present invention, the SMS-relay platform 204 can add a prefix to the subscriber's number before directing the Ad-inserted text message to the SMSC 110 via the original SS7 ForwardSMS protocol received from the first subscriber's VMSC. The SMSC 110 then delivers a status report to the prefixed first subscriber's number, and fires SRI-SM on the prefixed number. The prefix destined query will be routed to the SMS-relay platform 204 which stripes of the prefix and relays the query to the original HLR of the first subscriber's number to get the original IMSI and original VMSC. The SMS-relay platform 204 then returns its own GT as the VMSC address and the original IMSI to the SMSC 110. The SMSC 110 then can deliver the status report to the SMS-relay platform 204 which then relays the report to the original VMSC.
So the method or system of the present invention for inserting advertisement content into a text message can serve the purpose of inserting advertisements into text messages without modifying the existing network infrastructure. Also, the method and system for inserting advertisement content into a text message can be used to provide a cost effecting solution for sending text messages to people.
(vi) the ad-insertion SMS service is an operator-independent service provider. For each full advertisement text message sent by the ad-insertion SMS Service to the sender, the AD-Sponsored Service Provider pays a cost to the operator or share the ad-revenue with the operator (similar to a premium SMS).
The examples under the present invention, detailed in the illustrative examples contained here, are described using terms and constructs drawn largely from internet and GSM mobile telephony infrastructure. However, use of these examples should not be interpreted to limiting the invention to those media. The capabilities of the visited or non-accustomed network can be of use and provided through any type of internet and telecommunications medium, including without limitation: (i) any mobile telephony network including, without limitation, GSM, 3GSM, 3G, CDMA, WCDMA or GPRS, satellite phones or other mobile telephone networks or systems; (ii) any so-called WiFi apparatus normally used in a home or subscribed network, but also configured for use on a visited or non-home or non-accustomed network, including apparatus not dedicated to telecommunications such as personal computers, Palm-type or Windows Mobile devices; (iii) an entertainment console platform such as Sony Playstation, PSP or other apparatus that are capable of sending and receiving telecommunications over home or non-home networks, or even (iv) fixed-line devices made for receiving communications, but capable of deployment in numerous locations while preserving a persistent subscriber id such as the eye2eye devices from Dlink; or telecommunications equipment meant for voice over IP communications such as those provided by Vonage or Packet 8.
PRN MAP Provide Roaming Number .
after inserting at least one advertisement, directing the text message with the inserted at least one advertisement to the SMSC (308).
mapping a Global Title GT to the original SMSC address.
The method recited in claim 2, wherein the GT is selected from one or more GTs, each GT of the one or more GTs being associated with a different Visited Mobile Switching Center/Serving General Packet Radio Service GPRS Support Node VMSC/SGSN charge zone address.
converting the DCS of the text message and the at least one advertisement to a same DCS.
mapping the original SMSC address to the changed SMSC address.
inserting advertisement content into the status report.
blacklisting the subscriber from sending text messages when a failure rate of delivery of text messages exceeds a pre-specified threshold (412, 414).
receiving the text message with a pre-specified prefix added to the recipient's number.
dividing the text message into at least two text messages, where the at least one advertisement is inserted in at least one of the at least two text messages.
inserting another advertisement selected from the one or more advertisements into the reply message.
wherein the advertisement module is adapted to insert the at least one advertisement selected from one or more advertisements into the text message received at the SMS-relay platform.
The system recited in claim 11, wherein the address change module is located at a Service Switch Point or at the first communication device (102).
The system recited in claim 11, wherein the address change module is adapted to change the original SMSC address of the text message by a means selected from a group consisting of a manual means by the subscriber, and an automatic means via an Over The Air process.
a compliance module adapted to refuse insertion of advertisements selected from the one or more advertisements that do not comply with the subscriber's permission.
code means, which when executed in a credit module, performs the step of providing a credit to the subscriber for the text message.


Kat Scrappiness – 3 Easy-to-make Patriotic Cards!
Greetings, Friends! Memorial Day and 4th of July will be coming before we know it, how is that possible? It seems as if we JUST celebrated Christmas. This only means one thing, we'd all better get busy crafting in advance! Fortunately, for us, Kathleen has new stamp sets that make this a breeze!
It's Hannah, by the way, intrepid Design Team Member for Kat Scrappiness. Today I'm sharing you 3 variations on the same card, these options will make your celebratory card making a snap! AND, if you're mass producing it will provide you with a break from making the exact same card over and over again!
I created these three similar cards using my stamping platform and 2 of Kat's new stamp sets! The Everyday Brush Strokes set, and Swatches. Additionally, I thought that the Stitched Postage Stamp Rectangle Dieswould finish these cards off to perfection while helping to give the Americana look I was looking for.
To start, I lined up one of the brush stroke stamps and the star, from the above-listed stamp sets onto my Tim Holtz Stamping Platform. There are a lot of stamping platforms on the market, but in my opinion, the Tim Holtz one is superior for this project because it allowed me to shift my cardstock as much as I needed, without the worry that my paper would run off the platform. LOVE that option on this tool!
For this card, I embossed the stars and the stripes with Versamark Ink and WOW! Clear Embossing Powder! Then I lightly dusted Distress Inks over the embossing. I believe I used Candied Apple for the red, and Salty Ocean. I used a finger dauber, and made sure that I first brushed it off after I touched it to my pad each time, this helps ensure no harsh lines. Once that was done I took a clean paper towel and burnished off any ink from the embossing, this cleaned up that area and made it shine!
For this card, I used the same Distress Inks but just stamped the inked images directly onto my cardstock. YUP, if you didn't know, you can stamp using Distress Inks! That was all there was, easy peasy!
Where the other cards were stamped onto Neenah Solar White Cardstock, I stamped the Distress Inks directly onto Watercolor Paper, this time. Arches Cold Pressed Watercolor Paper to be exact. Just like the card before this, I stamped my Distress Ink directly onto the paper. Once my stamping was done I took a wet paintbrush and just carefully ran it over the inked portions of the card.
I adhered my card front to the base using EK Tools Adhesive Foam Strips, the added bulk provided just the extra finishing touch these CAS cards needed!
I used the same stamps, the same set up on my stamping platform, the same dies, and the same inks to achieve 3 different looks. Isn't it remarkable how flexible our crafting products are? I think that is one of the reasons why I just ADORE paper crafting so much!
If you're interested in any of the products I used, specifically the Kat Scrappiness ones, please see the list below! You're welcome to use the discount code HANNAH10 for 10% off!
This has been Hannah Rubenstahl of Fanciful Spaces, and creating these cards to inspire you has been a joy! Have a great day!
← Get Kids Crafty! – April!


So the long summery hot days are gone and here comes the chilly cold nights that are long and dark. With the departure of summer season comes the hottest and latest fashion trends of the winter season and trust us, they are worth melting for! So here are some of the best picks of the season that will take you from the office to the bar and to everywhere in between.
This season has presented us a wide range of styles ranging from different materials to different fabrics and we simply cannot stop drooling over it. In simple term, there is something for everyone!
Although this dialogue is evergreen and there's simply no doubt in this, but still let us make it clear. Black is simply black. And when paired with classic white, it makes one of the hottest winter color in the town. Along with this combination, the other colors that make a wardrobe bright are red, pastel colors such as pink, light blue, yellow, green and lilac. You can either choose to wear them in plain monochromatic order or can combine them for a traditional bicolor.
Yes, you heard that right, big belts are back with a fury and are creating a sensation in the fashion industry as well. Although the huge size is not chosen by the designers, but a wide belt that can accentuate your figure giving the illusion of an hourglass figure is a hot trend! They go best with a contrasting color, giving your dress a makeover in a jiffy, so go ahead and make your waist look even hotter as you step out.
For the Fall Winter 2018, unlike previous years where white and black were predominant, more colorful bags, monochrome patterns or a color block dominate the trend. Exquisite patchwork and bags in exotic leather are also the talk of the town this season. A Crystal clutch purse for women is another one of the most compelling trends this season for evening parties.
Having a glance at the constantly creative footwear that designers offered the obstinate fashionistas this season we found out that furry boots, embellished heelless heels, pink pom-poms on silver sandals and hot knee-high lace up boots are the biggest trends. This is just a modest bunch of all the silly and unique shoes that were shown but made a statement.
Must Read: Celebrate This Winter In Style!
Checks, stripes, zebra print, diamonds and Rorschach-style themes all dominated the runway design month. High contrast prints like black and white, optical style illusion prints are all prepared to be seen on the streets in a big way this fall. Patchwork, a holdover from the spring/summer trend of 2017 was also a designer's favorite. The grafting and dicing of hides, denim, knitwear themes and snakeskin indicated exactly how effective the juxtaposition of hues, compositions and fabrics could be. However, this is a style that ought to be worn with a lot of caution.
Knowing that the winter season is cold and chilly designers took complete care of the warmth department to overcome the frosty season. Fluttering fur has made the hottest new trend this frosty season. Fur stoles were all over the runways looking so very chic. Eskimo-style fur hoods and classic fur coats caught the eye on the catwalk in all four fashion capitals this winter season.
After the craze of summer's seventies fashion trend you will see a strong influence of eighties and sixties style, all nodding to the Victorian age this season. Black and lace were put together to create a Victorian style look. Mini-midi or maxi, it doesn't matter; all of them will look chic this season. Skinny denims are still a trend, though palazzo's and cropped at the ankle are also trending. Puffy sleeves are also making a huge comeback.
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Accessories make all the difference. A scarf tied in a bow style, a maxi belt with a basic dress or vintage brooch is what you need to accessorize this season. It's time to raid your grandma's jewelry box as vintage brooches are back with a bang. Gloves are also must haves this winter season. You can also ditch your contact lenses as bold frames are in this season. Also, ladies, designer clutch purse can be a great accessory to flaunt at holiday parties. Play it smart with accessories – a layered necklace is perfect for a deep neckline while a high neckline is best accompanied with chandelier earrings and statement bracelets.
Capes and ponchos are one of the most versatile and chic trends this season. Both are key pieces in this season's play with layering and proportions. This hot new trend is hitting the street style in Aztec or graphic designs to luxury color block check monogrammed blanket poncho and is proving to be the cover up of this winter fashion trend. If you can pull one off, capes are the best alternatives to coats in mild weather. The easiest way style capes and ponchos to modernize the rest of your attire with plain neutrals or even pastels to add a little color.
A reminiscent from the 70's and 80's the soft velvets were possibly one of the most luxurious materials in vogue this season. Velvet has had a great impact on this year's fall trend. It has evolved beyond the boring skirts and leggings to jumpsuits, dresses, , crop tops, evening gowns and statement blazers. As it is a bit tricky to pull off velvet in lighter shades, deep and bright hues are the best bet. Additionally, while carrying a velvet dress, do remember that one item of velvet is enough. Pairing it with velvet leggings and a velvet clutch purse might be an overkill.
We adored the new fall/ winter 2018 fashion trends to bits and just can't wait for the chilly winters to arrive in order to experiment with our favorite looks!


Let us show you how applying segments will help you pinpoint problems ruining your funnels's performance.
Funnel visualization reports are used so often they have become an indispensable part of web analytics.
However, you have to be aware that with funnels alone you barely scratch the surface of optimization insights.
Why? Because with funnels you're still operating on aggregated data. And aggregated data suggests that every visitor is the same, which is false.
After all, there are many different types of visitors entering your website or app. They use various browsers and devices, have different demographics, and experience different problems that make them abandon your website.
Aggregated data vs segmented data – quite a difference, right?
Unfortunately, you won't be able to spot that, unless you decide to slice and dice your data. That's why it's extremely important to break your funnels up into segments. Thanks to that, you'll be able to dig really deep and reach informed conclusions on what is ruining your funnel's performance.
The rules are quite simple. Now, you probably treat progress at each step in your funnel as a separate KPI (eg. step conversion rate, step success rate, step drop off – you name it). But to gain some in-depth insights on your conversion problems it's extremely helpful to break your KPIs even further by applying different segments.
Never report a metric (even God's favorite KPI) without segmenting it to give deep insights into what that metric is really hiding behind it.
Psst! Here you can find a helpful guide in how to set-up a funnel in a right way: Conversion Funnel: Set It Up Like a PRO!
Those are some pretty useful insights.
They tell you that 11% of people who were eager to buy from you somehow struggle with the order form and eventually leave the funnel.
Also, you can see a quite big drop-off at the shopping cart. It's definitely something to expect on e-commerce websites, but still, it won't hurt to take a closer look.
You'll do that by segmenting the funnel KPIs. In this case that will be drop-off rates at each stage of the funnel.
To define a segment, click on the segment drop-down menu at the top of the page, followed by the Add new segment button. The New segment form will be displayed.
Still not sure how to go about segmenting your data? Then you should definitely get familiar with this user guide.
After all the segments are added (and saved!), it's time to seek some answers.
This looks quite alarming. Also, you may notice that this drop happens mainly at the shopping cart level. Could it be that your shopping cart is serving not mobile-friendly experience? That's quite possible, but let's not jump to hasty conclusions.
We'll get back to this later on, but first let's see how the funnel performance differs for the desktop users.
Whenever you find underperforming segments, you should drill down further and break these segments into even smaller pieces to get to the bottom of the issue. In the case of mobile devices, the smaller pieces will be specific OS types – namely Android Mobile Devices vs iOS Mobile Devices.
So what next? How to make those insights actionable?
As a result of the analysis you've found potential funnel bottlenecks (shopping cart and order forms) and potential reasons for the lower conversion rate (cross-device problems, poor experience for mobile users).
The next logical step is to confirm those findings with cross-device functional testing, user testing and heuristic walkthrough. All the insights can later on fuel the A/B testing hypothesis creation and other conversion optimization activities.
Funnel analytics is without a doubt one of the most useful tools to measure and map the customer journey of your visitors. However, with a little help of segmentation, your funnel analytics reports will become filled with much more actionable insights on what to fix in order to ensure an undisturbed user flow between each step in the customer journey.
If you have some more questions about the configuration or characteristics of each feature, don't hesitate to contact us. We'd love to dispel any of your doubts!


This entry was posted on January 12, 2019 at 7:57 am and is filed under equitable relief, Proprietary estoppel, Uncategorized.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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Advanstar Communications Reportedly Exploring Possible Sale
Rachel Wimberly
Advanstar Communications reportedly is looking into a possible sale, and the company could go for more than $900 million, according to a news report from Reuters.
Citing people familiar with the matter, who did not want to be named because the possibility of a sale is not public, the news report said "Advanstar is working with investment banks Goldman Sachs Group and Moelis & Co to assist with efforts to find a buyer."
Contacted by TSNN, Advanstar declined to comment on the Reuters article.
The company serves the fashion, licensing, life sciences and powersports industries with its portfolio of 54 trade shows, 100 conferences, 30 publications, and nearly 200 electronic products and Web sites, as well as educational and direct marketing products and services.
It runs the two largest fashion shows in the U.S. – Magic Market Week – held biannually in Las Vegas.
Last year's Magic Market Week in February was ranked No. 5 on TSNN's Top 250 Trade Show List and drew 70,000 attendees to more than 1 million net square feet in several venues across the city.
The August show last year ranked No. 8 and had more than 66,000 attendees to 952,741 net sq. ft. of space.
The company also has 600 employees, with its headquarters based in Santa Monica, Calif., and offices throughout the U.S. and Europe.
Advanstar is controlled by hedge fund Anchorage Capital Group and private equity firms Ares Management LP and Veronis Suhler Stevenson.
Just more than a year ago was another large deal in the trade show industry, with Nielsen Expositions selling to private equity firm ONEX for $950 million and renamed Emerald Expositions.
Emerald Expositions Possibly Going on Sales Block (Reuters Report): Buys CEDIA Show
One of the largest trade show companies in the U.S., Emerald Expositions, is exploring a possible sale that would value the company at $2 billion, according to a Jan. 25 news…
UBM Confirms in Talks for Possible Advanstar Acquisition
U.K.-based UBM confirmed that it is in talks to acquire Advanstar Communications that "may, or may not, lead to a transaction." The statement was made after Reuters reported…
UBM Agrees to Buy Advanstar Communications for $972 Million
U.K.-based UBM has agreed to buy Advanstar Communications for $972 Million from hedge fund Anchorage Capital Group LLC and private equity companies Veronis Suhler Stevenson…
Clarion Events Reportedly on Sales Block for $327 Million
With UBM confirming it's in discussions to possibly buy Advanstar Communications and Questex Media Group being bought last week by Shamrock Capital Advisors, yet another…
Report: UBM Moving Towards Sale of PR Newswire
The Sunday Times published a report stating that UBM plc is moving ahead with plans to sell its PR Newswire division. The asset disposal is expected to result in UBM netting…
Issues and Trends in Exhibit Space and Sponsorship Sales Report Released
Exhibit Surveys and Lippman Connects recently released the second annual report: "Issues and Trends in Exhibit Space and Sponsorship Sales". According to the survey of event…


Thanks to our skilled expert technicians and servicing staff, with many years experience in BMW care, we can offer full factory menu servicing for all BMW and Mini models at unbeatable prices – saving you money compared to main dealers. All servicing is carried out using high quality oils, lubricants, filters, spark plugs and any other serviceable items that are applicable to your make and model. As well as menu servicing, we also carry out brake fluid and coolant flushes, and air conditioning recharges upon request. We can stamp your service history record with our specialist stamp and reset your onboard service indicator upon completion of service work.
With many new regulations coming into place every year, we make sure that our staff are always up to date with the policies. An MOT needs to be carried out every year on your vehicle to ensure that it complies with regulations and meets DVSA's safety standards. We have all the facilities here to test, diagnose and repair any issues in order to make sure you pass your MOT first time. MOT's are priced at £42 and take approximately up to 1 hour depending on demand.


The Economic Scenario Generators are at the core of stochastic models used by insurance companies. The applications of stochastic models are very diverse and include such applications as economic capital under Solvency II, ALM projections, dynamic hedging etc. All these applications impose different requirements upon the generation and the validation of economic scenarios.
This seminar has NOT been designed for those participants eager to find out which capital market scenario will materialize in the coming months and years so that they can maximize their wealth. Unfortunately, we have lost our crystal ball, which is a real shame.
This seminar has been developed for professionals who are interested in Economic Scenario Generators because they deal with one or more applications of those and who are familiar with the basic concepts of financial maths. In-depth knowledge of capital market models is clearly NOT a pre-requisite, as this seminar does not aim at ESG experts. We might offer a follow-up seminar for ESG experts separately.
Attendees are encouraged to bring a laptop computer with Microsoft Excel installed.
In the seminar, we begin by describing random number simulation techniques, which underpin ESG work. We also talk about variance reduction techniques, which improve the efficiency / the precision of stochastic modelling. We move on to discuss risk-neutral equity modelling and interest rate modelling. We conclude our program on day 1 by considering real-world scenario generation.
On day 2, we talk about ESG validation aspects before moving on to the ESG applications. First, we introduce the ESG Rebasing technology, which allows the users to produce univariate and combined stress scenarios by recycling their baseline ESG package. We continue by discussing a case study of a UK Internal Model Firm, which has implemented Daily Solvency Monitoring to operationalize their Solvency II calculations for risk management purposes.
Michael Leitschkis is a Principal with Milliman. Michael has been dealing with various ESG aspects for about 10 years in the context of MCEV and Solvency II, including credit risk modelling and proxy modelling techniques such as Least Squares Monte Carlo. He has been part of the German Actuarial Society (DAV) working party dedicated to Economic Scenario Generators and taught Financial Mathematics at the University of Cologne.
Russell Ward is a Principal with Milliman, focusing on capital modelling, guarantee product development and ALM all of which involve the use of ESGs. Prior to joining Milliman, Russell headed Ernst & Young's actuarial modelling services for Europe leading implementation of stochastic asset-liability models and the review of ESGs for some of the firm's audit clients. While on secondment to the FSA, Russell played a key role in the development of the regulator's approach to the review of risk-based capital under the Individual Capital Assessment (ICA) regime.
Mario Zacharias is a Consultant at the Düsseldorf office of Milliman. He specializes in market risk modelling of life insurance companies and assists his Clients with the implementation and validation of valuation and real-world models for market risk factors and their aggregation, as well as with the application of Least Squares Monte Carlo (LSMC) proxy models in the context of Internal Models under Solvency II.
We have arranged special prices for accommodation. The special rate is 135 € per night including breakfast and VAT. It is valid for bookings by 22 March 2018 out of our allotment "EAA Seminar". Our allotment includes a limited number of rooms. Kindly book your accommodation directly with the hotel using this booking form, and note the hotel's cancellation policy.


Flying each animal on the 11,000-kilometre journey will cost about $A60,500, but Ray Dearlove believes the expense and risk is essential as poaching deaths have soared in recent years. A retired South African sales executive who emigrated to Australia 30 years ago is hatching a daring plan to airlift 80 rhinos to his adopted country in an attempt to save the species from poachers.
The rhinos will be relocated to a safari park in Australia, which is being kept secret for security reasons, where they will become a "seed bank" to breed future generations.
"Our grand plan is to move 80 over a four-year period. We think that will provide the nucleus of a good breeding herd," Dearlove said while visiting South Africa to organise for the first batch to be flown out.
The Australian Rhino Project, which the 68-year-old founded in 2013, hopes to take six rhinos to their new home before the end of the year.
Funding – from private and corporate sources – is nearly in place, and the first rhinos have been selected from animals kept on private reserves in South Africa.
"We have got to get this first one right because it's a big task, it's expensive, it's complex," Dearlove said.
When they are settled successfully in Australia, "then we hopefully will go up in gear," he added.
South Africa is home to about 20,000 rhinos, approximately 80% of the worldwide population.
Poachers slaughtered 1,338 rhinos across Africa last year – the highest level since the poaching crisis exploded in 2008, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
The IUCN, which rates white rhinos as "near threatened" as a species, says that booming demand for horn and the involvement of international criminal syndicates has fuelled the explosion in poaching since 2007.
Dearlove still faces a big logistical battle to bring his dream to reality.
"There is a lot of work that needs to be done because there is some lack of clarity in the proposal that they have made," South Africa's environmental affairs minister, Edna Molewa, said.
The conservation group Rhinos Without Borders has been involved in moving at least 100 rhinos from South Africa to neighbouring Botswana in recent years.
In South Africa, the government stepped back this month from supporting a controversial campaign to legalise the international trade in rhino horn.
Some breeders say poaching could be halted by meeting the huge demand from Asia through legally "harvesting" horn from anaesthetised live rhinos.
For Dearlove, Australia may sound like an unlikely and faraway solution to save the rhino, but the climate is suitable – and the need is overwhelming.
"I'm sad that this is actually the situation which is being considered – because if the poaching would go away, there wouldn't be a need for such a plan," he said.


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Texas AG Ken Paxton Officially Launches Investigation Into Chick-Fil-A Ban
Molly Prince Politics Reporter
March 28, 2019 6:42 PM ET
Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton announced on Thursday that he will be launching an investigation into San Antonio city councilmen after they banned Chick-fil-A from the San Antonio International Airport over "anti-LGBTQ behavior."
"I have directed my office to open an investigation into whether the City's action violates state law," Paxton said in a letter to San Antonio Mayor Ron Nirenberg and the city council.
Paxton also penned a letter to Secretary of Transportation Elaine Chao urging for a federal investigation to be opened, according to documents obtained by KEN5. The city of San Antonio may have violated federal law and Transportation Department regulations by denying a contract to Chick-fil-A on religious grounds after voting to remove the franchise from a new airport concession contract.
The city council passed a motion on March 21 to approve the Food, Beverage and Retail Prime Concession Agreement with Paradies Lagardère for the airport with the condition that Chick-fil-A be excluded from the agreement.
The prohibition came after a report noted that in 2017, Chick-fil-A donated nearly $2 million to the Salvation Army, Fellowship of Christian Athletes and Paul Anderson Youth Home. The report asserted that the three charities were discriminatory against LGBTQ individuals.
Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton walks to a news conference outside the Supreme Court on Capitol Hill (Gabriella Demczuk/Getty Images)
City councilman Roberto Treviño, who made the motion against Chick-fil-A, claimed that the ban reaffirmed that San Antonio is a champion of "equality and inclusion." (RELATED: Chip Roy Writes An Open Letter To San Antonio City Council After Chick-Fil-A Ban)
Republican Texas Rep. Chip Roy, who represents the portion of San Antonio where the airport is located, also slammed the decision.
"Targeting individuals, organizations, or corporations for carrying out their deeply-held religious beliefs in accord with our laws and consistent with many Americans' similarly held religious beliefs is hardly making San Antonio a 'champion of equality and inclusion,'" Roy said. "I hope this matter can be resolved, as it would be unfortunate if the council's decision negatively impacted our ability to effectively advocate for San Antonio in Congress due to such rampant discriminatory action against a well-regarded business with such a significant presence in our communities in central Texas and across the nation."
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Molly Prince
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const express = require('express');
const passport = require('passport');

const router = express.Router();

module.exports = router
    .get('/google', passport.authenticate('google', {
        scope: [
            'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login',
            'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.profile.emails.read'
        ]
    }))

    .get('/google/callback', passport.authenticate('google', {
        failureRedirect: '/'
    }), (req, res) => {
        res.redirect('/');
    });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Zimbabwe's Mugabe to be buried in home district, government says
World Reuters Sep 27, 2019 00:12:36 IST
HARARE (Reuters) - Zimbabwe's longtime ruler Robert Mugabe will be buried in his home district of Zvimba, not at a national shrine in Harare as previously planned, the government said on Thursday, after three weeks of public disputes over his final resting place.
Mugabe's rule included a disastrous economic decline and political violence that forced up to one in five citizens into exile, but some Zimbabweans still saw the former president as a liberation hero when he died on Sept 6 aged 95.
Mugabe, who was bitter over the way he was ousted in an army coup in November 2017, had told family members that he wanted to be buried in Zvimba.
But President Emmerson Mnangagwa, Mugabe's former right-hand man who turned against him, had pushed for his predecessor to be buried at the National Heroes Acre monument to display a public reconciliation with Mugabe's family and admirers.
Mnangagwa, currently in New York attending the United Nations General Assembly, is under mounting pressure as the economy struggles and the opposition says it is being denied the right to protest.
"The family of the late former President R.G. Mugabe has expressed its desire to proceed with his burial in Zvimba. In line with government policy to respect the wishes of families of deceased heroes, government is cooperating with the Mugabe family in their new position," the information ministry said in a statement.
Nick Mangwana, permanent secretary at the ministry, told Reuters his understanding was that the burial would take place on Saturday during a private ceremony.
(Reporting by MacDonald Dzirutwe and Alexander Winning; editing by Olivia Kumwenda-Mtambo)
Updated Date: Sep 27, 2019 00:12:36 IST
1Zimbabwe's Mugabe to be buried in home district, government says
2US nurse Lana Sue Clayton pleads guilty to poisoning husband with eye drops, sentenced to 25 years in prison
3Pakistani court gives 55-year jail term to 86 members of radical party for participating in violent rallies against acquittal of Aasia Bibi
4Supreme leader of Iran Ayatollah Ali Khamenei says Donald Trump is a 'clown' pretending to support the Iranian people
5Ukraine PM Oleksiy Honcharuk offers resignation days after he was taped saying President Volodymyr Zelenskiy knows nothing about economy


Chawan Cut has updated his Opponent Scores and Schedules spreadsheet. Here are some of those scores as well as others of note from Week 5 of the college football season.
Oregon State 27, #1 USC 21 -- Jacquizz Rodgers ran for 186 yards as the Beavers smothered the Trojans on Thursday night.
Tulane 34, SMU 27 -- SMU scored two late TDs, but it wasn't enough as they fell to 1-4 on the season.
Navy 24, #16 Wake Forest 17 -- Navy took a 17-0 lead into halftime and held on to upset #16 Wake Forest. Unfortunately, Kaipo-Noa Kaheaku-Enhada had to leave the game in the 2nd quarter after aggravating his hamstring injury.
#8 Alabama 41, #3 Georgia 30 -- The Crimson Tide absolutely dominated the Bulldogs at Sanford Stadium, taking a 31-0 lead into halftime. Georgia valiantly tried to fight back, but in the end it was too much to overcome. Too bad, so sad.
#25 Fresno State 36, UCLA 31 -- UH's next opponent beat the Bruins at the Rose Bowl, led by Ryan Mathews 166 rushing yards.
Nevada 49, UNLV 27 -- Colin "The Cyborg Gazelle" Kaepernick passed for 176 yards and 2 TDs while rushing for 240 yards and 3 more TDs to lead the Wolf Pack to victory over the Rebels at Sam Boyd Stadium.


A graduated baguette-cut diamond half-eternity ring in 18-karat white gold, channel-set with baguette-cut diamonds of graduating sizes and a combined weight of approximately 1.06 carats, G/H colour (assessed) and VS/SI clarity (assessed), to a solid court-shape white gold shank. This ring is a finger size M but could be sized to order. Weight 4.37g.