text:
using System;
using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;

namespace System
{

  public class Array : System.Collections.ICollection
  {
#if SILVERLIGHT_3_0 || NETFRAMEWORK_3_5 || SILVERLIGHT_4_0_WP
    private Array() { }
#else
    internal Array() { }
#endif

    // Summary:
    //     Returns a read-only wrapper for the specified array.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based array to wrap in a read-only System.Collections.ObjectModel.ReadOnlyCollection<T>
    //     wrapper.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     A read-only System.Collections.ObjectModel.ReadOnlyCollection<T> wrapper
    //     for the specified array.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.
    public static ReadOnlyCollection<T> AsReadOnly<T>(T[] array)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<ReadOnlyCollection<T>>() != null);

      return default(ReadOnlyCollection<T>);
    }

    int System.Collections.ICollection.Count
    {
      get
      {
        Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == this.Length);

        return default(int);
      }
    }

    public int Rank
    {
      [Pure]
      [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
      [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
      get
      {
        Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() >= 0);
        return default(int);
      }
    }

    public int Length
    {
      [Pure]
      [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
      [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
      get
      {
        Contract.Ensures(0 <= Contract.Result<int>());
        Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == GetUpperBound(0) + 1);

        return default(int);
      }
    }

#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public long LongLength
    {
      [Pure]
      [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
      [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
      get
      {
        Contract.Ensures(0 <= Contract.Result<long>());
        return default(long);
      }
    }

    [Pure]
    public static bool TrueForAll<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match) {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      return default(bool);
    }
#endif

    public static void Resize<T>(ref T[] array, int newSize)
    {
      Contract.Requires(newSize >= 0);
      Contract.Ensures(array != null);
      Contract.Ensures(array.Length == newSize);
    }

    public static void Sort(Array keys, Array items, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(keys != null);
      // Contract.Requires(keys.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(items == null || items.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || keys.GetLowerBound(0) == items.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index >= keys.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(keys.GetLowerBound(0) + index + length <= keys.Length);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || index + length <= items.Length);

    }
    public static void Sort(Array array, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(array.GetLowerBound(0) + index + length <= array.Length);

    }
    public static void Sort(Array keys, Array items, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(keys != null);
      // Contract.Requires(keys.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(items == null || items.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || keys.GetLowerBound(0) == items.GetLowerBound(0));

    }
    public static void Sort(Array array, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);

    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static void Sort(Array keys, Array items, int index, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(keys != null);
      // Contract.Requires(keys.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(items == null || items.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || keys.GetLowerBound(0) == items.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index >= keys.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(keys.GetLowerBound(0) + index + length <= keys.Length);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || index + length <= items.Length);

    }

    public static void Sort(Array array, int index, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(array.GetLowerBound(0) + index + length <= array.Length);

    }

    public static void Sort(Array keys, Array items)
    {
      Contract.Requires(keys != null);
      // Contract.Requires(keys.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(items == null || items.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(items == null || keys.GetLowerBound(0) == items.GetLowerBound(0));
    }
#endif
    public static void Sort(Array array)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);

    }
    public static void Reverse(Array array, int index, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(array.GetLowerBound(0) + index + length <= array.Length);

    }
    public static void Reverse(Array array)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);

    }
    public static int LastIndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value, int startIndex, int count)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(count >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(count <= startIndex - array.GetLowerBound(0) + 1);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(startIndex < array.Length + array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 || (startIndex + 1 - count <= Contract.Result<int>() && Contract.Result<int>() <= startIndex));

      return default(int);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static int LastIndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value, int startIndex)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(startIndex < array.Length + array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Ensures(array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 <= Contract.Result<int>());
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= startIndex);

      return default(int);
    }
#endif

#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static int LastIndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Ensures(array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 <= Contract.Result<int>());
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(int);
    }
#endif

    public static int IndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value, int startIndex, int count)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(startIndex <= array.GetLowerBound(0) + array.Length);
      Contract.Requires(count >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex + count <= array.GetLowerBound(0) + array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1
                      || (startIndex <= Contract.Result<int>() && Contract.Result<int>() < startIndex + count));

      return default(int);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static int IndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value, int startIndex)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(startIndex <= array.GetLowerBound(0) + array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 || (startIndex <= Contract.Result<int>() && Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0)));

      return default(int);
    }

    public static int IndexOf([Pure] Array array, object value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Ensures(array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 <= Contract.Result<int>());
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(int);
    }
#endif

#if !SILVERLIGHT

    public void CopyTo(Array array, long index)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(array.GetLowerBound(0) <= index);
      // Contract.Requires(this.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index <= array.GetUpperBound(0) + 1 - this.Length);
      //modifies this.0, array.*;

    }
#endif
    // this method is implementing ICollection.CopyTo and the contracts are there
    public void CopyTo(Array array, int index)
    {
    }

    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch(Array array, int index, int length, object value, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length <= array.Length - index);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 || (index <= Contract.Result<int>() && Contract.Result<int>() < index + length));

      return default(int);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch(Array array, object value, System.Collections.IComparer comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Ensures(array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 <= Contract.Result<int>());
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(int);
    }

    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch(Array array, int index, int length, object value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length <= array.Length - index);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(int);
    }
#endif
    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch(Array array, object value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Ensures(array.GetLowerBound(0) - 1 <= Contract.Result<int>());
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() <= array.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch<T>(T[] array, T value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(~Contract.Result<int>() <= array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch<T>(T[] array, T value, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(~Contract.Result<int>() <= array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }

    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch<T>(T[] array, int index, int length, T value)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(index >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(index <= array.Length - length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() - index < length);
      Contract.Ensures(~Contract.Result<int>() - index <= length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() >= index || ~Contract.Result<int>() >= index);

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    public static int BinarySearch<T>(T[] array, int index, int length, T value, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> comparer)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(index >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(index <= array.Length - length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() - index < length);
      Contract.Ensures(~Contract.Result<int>() - index <= length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() >= index || ~Contract.Result<int>() >= index);

      return default(int);
    }

    [Pure]
    [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
    [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
    public int GetLowerBound(int dimension)
    {
      Contract.Requires(dimension >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(dimension < this.Rank);

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
    [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
    public int GetUpperBound(int dimension)
    {
      Contract.Requires(dimension >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(dimension < this.Rank);

      return default(int);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    [Pure]
    [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
    //[Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
    public long GetLongLength(int dimension)
    {
      return default(long);
    }
#endif
    [Pure]
    [ContractOption("reads", "mutable", false)]
    [Reads(ReadsAttribute.Reads.Nothing)]
    public int GetLength(int arg0)
    {

      return default(int);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public void SetValue(object value, long[] indices)
    {

    }
    public void SetValue(object value, long index)
    {
      // Contract.Requires(index <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(index >= -2147483648);
      // Contract.Requires(this.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= this.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index <= this.GetUpperBound(0));
    }
#endif
    public void SetValue(object value, int[] indices)
    {
      Contract.Requires(indices != null);
      //Contract.Requires(Forall { int i in indices; this.GetLowerBound(i) <= indices[i] && indices[i] <= this.GetUpperBound(i) });

    }
    public void SetValue(object value, int index)
    {
      // Contract.Requires(this.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= this.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index <= this.GetUpperBound(0));

    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    [Pure]
    public object GetValue(long index)
    {
      // Contract.Requires(index <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(index >= -2147483648);
      // Contract.Requires(this.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= this.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index <= this.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(object);
    }
#endif
    [Pure]
    public object GetValue(int index)
    {
      // Contract.Requires(this.Rank == 1);
      Contract.Requires(index >= this.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(index <= this.GetUpperBound(0));

      return default(object);
    }
    [Pure]
    public object GetValue(int[] indices)
    {
      Contract.Requires(indices != null);

      return default(object);
    }

#if !SILVERLIGHT
    [Pure]
    public static T FindLast<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match) {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      return default(T);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the last occurrence within
    //     the entire System.Array.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the last occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindLastIndex<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() >= -1);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the last occurrence within
    //     the range of elements in the System.Array that extends from the first element
    //     to the specified index.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   startIndex:
    //     The zero-based starting index of the backward search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the last occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    //
    //   System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException:
    //     startIndex is outside the range of valid indexes for array.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindLastIndex<T>(T[] array, int startIndex, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex < array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == -1 || Contract.Result<int>() >= startIndex);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the last occurrence within
    //     the range of elements in the System.Array that contains the specified number
    //     of elements and ends at the specified index.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   startIndex:
    //     The zero-based starting index of the backward search.
    //
    //   count:
    //     The number of elements in the section to search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the last occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    //
    //   System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException:
    //     startIndex is outside the range of valid indexes for array.-or-count is less
    //     than zero.-or-startIndex and count do not specify a valid section in array.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindLastIndex<T>(T[] array, int startIndex, int count, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex <= array.Length - count);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == -1 || Contract.Result<int>() >= startIndex);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() - startIndex < count);

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    public static T[] FindAll<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match) {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      return default(T[]);
    }

    [Pure]
    public static T Find<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match) {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      return default(T);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the first occurrence within
    //     the entire System.Array.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the first occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindIndex<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() >= -1);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the first occurrence within
    //     the range of elements in the System.Array that extends from the specified
    //     index to the last element.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   startIndex:
    //     The zero-based starting index of the search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the first occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    //
    //   System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException:
    //     startIndex is outside the range of valid indexes for array.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindIndex<T>(T[] array, int startIndex, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex < array.Length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == -1 || Contract.Result<int>() >= startIndex);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() < array.Length);

      return default(int);
    }
    //
    // Summary:
    //     Searches for an element that matches the conditions defined by the specified
    //     predicate, and returns the zero-based index of the first occurrence within
    //     the range of elements in the System.Array that starts at the specified index
    //     and contains the specified number of elements.
    //
    // Parameters:
    //   array:
    //     The one-dimensional, zero-based System.Array to search.
    //
    //   startIndex:
    //     The zero-based starting index of the search.
    //
    //   count:
    //     The number of elements in the section to search.
    //
    //   match:
    //     The System.Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the element to search
    //     for.
    //
    // Type parameters:
    //   T:
    //     The type of the elements of the array.
    //
    // Returns:
    //     The zero-based index of the first occurrence of an element that matches the
    //     conditions defined by match, if found; otherwise, �1.
    //
    // Exceptions:
    //   System.ArgumentNullException:
    //     array is null.-or-match is null.
    //
    //   System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException:
    //     startIndex is outside the range of valid indexes for array.-or-count is less
    //     than zero.-or-startIndex and count do not specify a valid section in array.
    [Pure]
    public static int FindIndex<T>(T[] array, int startIndex, int count, Predicate<T> match)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(startIndex <= array.Length - count);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() == -1 || Contract.Result<int>() >= startIndex);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<int>() - startIndex < count);

      return default(int);
    }
    [Pure]
    public static bool Exists<T>(T[] array, Predicate<T> match) {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      Contract.Requires(match != null);
      return default(bool);
    }
#endif

    public static void Clear(Array array, int index, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(array != null);
      // Contract.Requires(array.Rank == 1);
      // Contract.Requires(index >= array.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(array.Length - (index + array.GetLowerBound(0)) >= length);

    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static void Copy([Pure] Array sourceArray, long sourceIndex, Array destinationArray, long destinationIndex, long length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(sourceArray != null);
      Contract.Requires(destinationArray != null);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceArray.Rank == destinationArray.Rank);
      Contract.Requires(sourceIndex >= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(destinationIndex >= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(sourceIndex + length <= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0) + sourceArray.Length);
      Contract.Requires(destinationIndex + length <= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0) + destinationArray.Length);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceIndex <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceIndex >= -2147483648);
      // Contract.Requires(destinationIndex <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(destinationIndex >= -2147483648);
      // Contract.Requires(length <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(length >= -2147483648);
      //modifies destinationArray.*;
    }

    public static void Copy([Pure] Array sourceArray, Array destinationArray, long length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(sourceArray != null);
      Contract.Requires(destinationArray != null);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceArray.Rank == destinationArray.Rank);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length <= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0) + sourceArray.Length);
      Contract.Requires(length <= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0) + destinationArray.Length);
      // Contract.Requires(length <= 2147483647);
      // Contract.Requires(length >= -2147483648);
      //modifies destinationArray.*;
    }
#endif

    public static void Copy([Pure] Array sourceArray, int sourceIndex, Array destinationArray, int destinationIndex, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(sourceArray != null);
      Contract.Requires(destinationArray != null);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceArray.Rank == destinationArray.Rank);
      Contract.Requires(sourceIndex >= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(destinationIndex >= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0));
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(sourceIndex + length <= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0) + sourceArray.Length);
      Contract.Requires(destinationIndex + length <= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0) + destinationArray.Length);
      //modifies destinationArray.*;

    }
    public static void Copy([Pure] Array sourceArray, Array destinationArray, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(sourceArray != null);
      Contract.Requires(destinationArray != null);
      // Contract.Requires(sourceArray.Rank == destinationArray.Rank);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length <= sourceArray.GetLowerBound(0) + sourceArray.Length);
      Contract.Requires(length <= destinationArray.GetLowerBound(0) + destinationArray.Length);
      //modifies destinationArray.*;

    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, int[] lengths, int[] lowerBounds)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths != null);
      Contract.Requires(lowerBounds != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths.Length == lowerBounds.Length);
      Contract.Requires(lengths.Length != 0);

      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      return default(Array);
    }
    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, long[] lengths)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths.Length > 0);
      // Contract.Requires(Forall { int i in lengths; lengths[i] >= 0; });
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().Rank == lengths.Length);
      // Contract.Ensures(Forall { int i in lengths); result.GetLength(i) == length[i]); }

      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      return default(Array);
    }
#endif
    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, int[] lengths)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths != null);
      Contract.Requires(lengths.Length > 0);
      // Contract.Requires(Forall { int i in lengths; lengths[i] >= 0; });
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().Rank == lengths.Length);
      // Contract.Ensures(Forall { int i in lengths); result.GetLength(i) == length[i]); }

      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      return default(Array);
    }
#if !SILVERLIGHT
    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, int length1, int length2, int length3)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(length1 >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length2 >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length3 >= 0);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().Rank == 3);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(0) == length1);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(1) == length2);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(2) == length3);

      return default(Array);
    }

    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, int length1, int length2)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(length1 >= 0);
      Contract.Requires(length2 >= 0);

      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().Rank == 2);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(0) == length1);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(1) == length2);

      return default(Array);
    }
#endif

    public static Array CreateInstance(Type elementType, int length)
    {
      Contract.Requires(elementType != null);
      Contract.Requires(length >= 0);

      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>() != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().Rank == 1);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetLength(0) == length);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Array>().GetUpperBound(0) == length - 1);

      return default(Array);
    }

    public virtual object Clone()
    {
      Contract.Ensures(((Array)Contract.Result<object>()).Length == this.Length);

      return default(Array);
    }

#if NETFRAMEWORK_4_0
    public static TOutput[] ConvertAll<TInput, TOutput>(
    	TInput[] array,
	    Converter<TInput, TOutput> converter)
    {
        Contract.Requires(array != null);
        Contract.Requires(converter != null);
        Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<TOutput[]>() != null);

        return default(TOutput[]);
    }
#endif

#if NETFRAMEWORK_4_6
    public static T[] Empty<T>()
    {
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<T>() != null);
      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<T[]>().Length == 0);
      return default(T[]);
    }
#endif

    #region ICollection Members

    public virtual bool IsSynchronized
    {
      get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
    }

    public virtual object SyncRoot
    {
      get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
    }

    #endregion
  }
}


The Fred Hall Long Beach Show at the Long Beach Convention Center and Arena started Wednesday and runs through Sunday.
The Fort Myers Spring Boat Show is starting today and runs through Sunday.
If you're in Indiana, check out the Boats And MORE Concord Mall Boat Show in Elkhart.
If you're in upstate VT, check out the Vermont State Boat and Marine Show at the Champlain Valley Expo in Essex Junction.
And if you're in Virginia, there is a small show called the National Capital Boat Show at the Dulles Expo Center in Chantilly.


text:
Henri Charles Louis Georges Abraham Paul Marie de Bourbon, prince de Parme, comte de Bardi ou Henri de Bourbon-Parme (né le  à Parme et mort le  à Menton), est un prince d'un ancien État de la péninsule italienne.

Biographie

Les tribulations de la famille ducale de Parme
thumb|La régente Louise et son fils aîné, Robert , duc de Parme (1854)
Second fils et quatrième enfant du duc Charles III de Parme et de Louise d'Artois, petite-fille de France, le prince naît au palais ducal de Parme le . Le nourrisson reçoit le prénom de son oncle maternel et parrain, le « comte de Chambord », chef de la Maison de Bourbon et prétendant au trône de France sous le nom d'« Henri V », ainsi que le titre de comte de Bardi.

Il est le benjamin d'une fratrie de quatre enfants comprenant : Marguerite, née en 1847, Robert, héritier du trône, né en 1848, et Alice née en 1849.

Le duc Charles III, père du petit prince, règne depuis 1849, année où la révolution provoqua l'abdication de son père le duc Charles II. Protégé par l'Autriche, il mène une politique conservatrice impopulaire. Il est assassiné en 1854 alors que le comte de Bardi est âgé de 3 ans.

Le prince Robert, frère aîné du comte de Bardi, monte sur le trône. Il a 5 ans et la duchesse douairière Louise assume la régence.

Les tribulations de la famille royale de France
Le duchesse Louise, née en 1819, est la petite-fille de Charles X, le dernier roi de France et de Navarre, dont le trône fut renversé par l'émeute populaire de 1830 qui instaura la monarchie de Juillet et proclama roi des Français le duc d'Orléans, chef d'une branche cadette de la maison de France. Depuis lors, les relations entre les Bourbons et les Orléans se sont distendues.

Le dauphin avait, sur l'ordre de son père, renoncé à ses droits au trône de France le  en faveur de son jeune neveu, le duc de Bordeaux (depuis « comte de Chambord »), frère de Louise, avec le vain espoir que celui-ci soit proclamé roi par les chambres. Celui que les henriquinquistes considérèrent alors comme le nouveau prétendant au trône, avait 9 ans. La dauphine, seule survivante des enfants des défunts Louis XVI et Marie-Antoinette, le couple royal exécuté par la France révolutionnaire, était considérée par Bonaparte comme le « seul homme de la famille ».

Les parents de la duchesse douairière de Parme sont le duc de Berry – second fils du roi Charles X – et Marie-Caroline des Deux-Siciles, une cousine utérine de la dauphine.

Dernier espoir de la branche aînée de la dynastie française, en raison de sa possibilité d'engendrer des mâles (le roi était trop vieux et le dauphin, ), le duc de Berry avait été assassiné à Paris en 1820 peu après la naissance de la princesse. La naissance du futur « comte de Chambord » sept mois plus tard avait été interprétée par les partisans de la monarchie comme un miracle. Cependant la dynastie avait été renversée en 1830 et remplacée par la branche cadette d'Orléans. La famille royale avait quitté la France. La duchesse de Berry avait tenté de soulever le Bordelais en 1832, mais avait été capturée par la police de l'ex-duc d'Orléans qui par une ironie de l'histoire était un de ses oncles maternels par alliance. Incarcérée à la citadelle de Blaye, la jeune veuve y avait donné le jour à une petite fille qu'elle prétendit être issue d'un remariage secret. Le scandale fut grand. Par son remariage, l'ex-duchesse de Berry s'exclut de la famille royale déchue, et l'éducation de ses enfants fut confiée par Charles X à la dauphine Marie-Thérèse.

Cependant l'avenir du prince Henri et de la princesse Louise était incertain. L'exil leur avait ôté toute possibilité de jouer un rôle digne de leur rang. Leur vie semblait être vouée à la solitude et à l'ennui. La dauphine ne se soumit pas à ce coup du destin. Elle usa de son entregent pour marier Louise qui avait déjà 26 ans à une future tête couronnée : Charles de Bourbon à qui était promis le duché de Parme, sur lequel avait régné ses ancêtres depuis 1748. Ainsi Louise, conformément au rang que lui avait donné sa naissance  porterait une couronne, ce qui arriva en 1849. La dauphine s'éteignit en 1851, l'année même où naquit le comte de Bardi. La duchesse Louise fut même appelée à exercer le pouvoir lorsque l'assassinat de son mari l'obligea à assumer la régence pour son fils.

Les tribulations italiennes du duché de Parme
thumb|left|Henri d'Artois, « comte de Chambord », oncle et  tuteur des princes de Parme
La régence ne dura que quelques années. En 1859, le duché de Parme fut envahi par les troupes du roi Victor-Emmanuel II de Sardaigne et rattaché au nouveau royaume d'Italie.

La duchesse, après s'être réfugiée avec sa famille dans le Royaume lombardo-vénitien des Habsbourg-Lorraine, puis en Suisse, protesta depuis Zurich des droits de son fils. Le duché de Modène voisin, le grand-duché de Toscane et le royaume des Deux-Siciles subirent le même sort et leurs princes se réfugièrent en Autriche où régnait leur parent et protecteur l'empereur François-Joseph . La duchesse douairière de Parme mourut en 1864 après avoir confié ses enfants à son frère le « comte de Chambord ».

Les tribulations de la vie conjugale

En ce dix-neuvième siècle déchiré entre conservateurs et libéraux, la famille ducale de Parme, soutenait ouvertement les mouvements conservateurs et légitimistes.

Le « comte de Chambord » exerçait une profonde influence sur ses neveux et nièces et c'est à Frohsdorf que la princesse Marguerite, aînée des princesses de Parme, épousa  en 1867 le futur prétendant aux trônes espagnol et français, le prince Charles de Bourbon, fils aîné du chef de la branche carliste.

Les liens familiaux autant que leur vision du monde amenèrent l'ex-duc de Parme et le comte de Bardi à participer à la troisième guerre carliste.

La princesse Alice épousa en 1868 l'ex-grand-duc Ferdinand IV de Toscane, cousin et ami proche de l'empereur d'Autriche dont les possessions avait connu le même sort que le duché de Parme en devenant italiennes – sa capitale, Florence, était devenue la capitale du nouveau royaume d'Italie.

L'ancien duc Robert , frère aîné du comte de Bardi, épousa successivement la princesse Marie-Pie des Deux-Siciles qui mourut en 1882 des suites de son douzième accouchement, puis la princesse Marie-Antoinette de Bragance, sœur du prétendant au trône portugais et de la comtesse de Bardi, qui donna également douze enfants à son mari.

Prince en exil, le comte de Bardi suivit les traces de son frère. Il épousa d'abord à Cannes le  la princesse Marie-Louise des Deux-Siciles, sœur de sa belle-sœur, princesse de 18 ans particulièrement pieuse et charitable mais qui mourut pendant leur voyage de noces en France à Pau. Le comte se remaria le  à Salzbourg  avec la princesse Aldegonde de Bragance, sœur du prétendant conservateur au trône portugais.

Aucune des neuf grossesses de la comtesse ne parvint à son terme et le couple n'eut pas d'enfant.

Le comte possédait sur le grand canal de Venise le palais Vendramin où il reçut entre autres le compositeur allemand Richard Wagner, qui y mourut en 1883. À Cannes, il possédait la villa Henri-IV, sur la Croisette.

Le comte mourut en 1905 à Menton ; la comtesse lui survécut plus de quarante ans.

Source de la traduction

Liens externes

Naissance à Parme
Personnalité italienne du XIXe siècle
Noblesse italienne
Henri
Naissance en février 1851
Décès en avril 1905
Décès à Menton (Alpes-Maritimes)
Décès à 54 ans
Militaire de la troisième guerre carliste

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Video Game Accounts
8 Ball Pool has never been continuously and majorly updating itself
Thread starter mmob2cmall
mmob2cmall
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While 8 Ball Pool is primarily enjoyed as an online, multiplayer game, you can still practice when you don't have an active internet connection! Take advantage of this time to brush up on the basics, or try out some of the most advanced techniques or habits we've already talked about. If you're like me, an offline practice session can almost be a form of relaxation since it's removed from the pressured, competitive realm of online multiplayer.
Asynchronously Go lets you battle for gold against players from around the world in Insta-Tournament mode. In Break of the Week, you can compare your top score on a special post-break table shared by every Pocket-Run Player worldwide. Game was quite fun then they introduced the recharging stick options in the game as well as new free coins systems.game is a lot fun playing with friends and talking over VOIP. sometimes you end up with the pro player and you just can not get a single chance to hit the ball. Buy Cheap 8BP Coins from mmob2c.com .
Indie game developer Zach Gage has scored hits with titles such as Really Bad Chess and Flipflop Solitaire. Now he's back with his own take on 8-Ball Pool with a game called Pocket-Run Pool. The arcade pool game made its worldwide debut today on iOS, and it shows that lone developers can still be players in the ever-expanding mobile market. Mobile games are a $70 billion market, accounting for about half of the global $137.9 billion game market, according to market researcher Newzoo.
Leagues are an addition to the Weekly Competitions that were released on 8 Ball Pool mobile earlier this year. They're another way for you to win a ton of Pool Cash and Pool Coins but, best of all, each league will be customized for each player. In the case that you're looking for an partaking farming sim game if so this specified one is truly a great pick. You can find a whole lot of distinct plant life, creatures, along with products, and these open slowly in time to come. If maybe we employ a problem, it's that will things take place too slowly. A variety of plants give consideration to over 24 hours to be able to develop. It is fine for people which sign in briefly once or twice per day however frustrating for these that are looking to play designed for longer schedules.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Parents wanted her to pursue a career in science. Appeared in stage productions of Steel Magnolias, Children of a Lesser God and Noises Off. First TV job was an appearance in a 1989 commercial for the Canadian coffee-and-doughnut chain Tim Hortons. In the early 1990s, cofounded the Canadian comedy group Random Acts, with Katherine Jackson and Anne Marie Kerr. Won a Canadian Comedy Award for Best Actress in the 2006 film Breakdown. Received Gemini Award nominations for her work on Stargate SG-1 (2001) and Sanctuary (2009). The Gemini Awards honor excellence in Canadian TV.


text:
Flock 2017 Evansville Proposal
2 Venue
2.2 Cost of venue
2.3 Room availability for keynotes and capacity
2.4 Room availability for sessions
4 Brief description of the city
6 Transportation
6.1 Major local airport(s)
6.2 Transportation options and costs for getting attendees from the airport to the the lodging (e.g., shuttle, public transportation, taxi)
6.3 Estimated costs of flights from BOS, RDU, BOM, CDG, VIE, LIM, and PRG
6.4 Notes about local transportation, including mass transit and taxi availability
7 Internet availability
8 Meals
9 Proposed lodging
9.1 Room availability and cost
9.2 Distance from venue and transportation required between them
10 Proposed evening event locations (at least 2, preferably 3)
11 Pros and cons of proposed location
11.1 Pros
11.2 Cons
12 Other Important Information
Nick Bebout (FAS: nb)
Network Technician at USI
Lee Keitel (FAS: keitellf)
Dr. Mohammed Khayum
Dean of the Romain College of Business (RCOB) at USI
Richard Toeniskoetter
Chief Information Officer at USI
University of Southern Indiana, 8600 University Blvd, Evansville, IN 47712
Housing Map
Campus & Housing Combined Map
Cost of venue
$0 (Space will be sponsored by USI's Romain College of Business and USI's Information Technology Department, thanks to Dr. Khayum and Mr. Toeniskoetter.
Room availability for keynotes and capacity
July 27 - Carter Hall (large ballroom), capacity of 700 Map
July 28-30 (and 31 if needed) - Performance Center (theatre), capacity of 300
Room availability for sessions
We will be using classrooms/labs in the Business and Engineering Center (BEC), there are plenty of rooms available. BEC Floor Plan
We have reserved the following: BE 0003, 0005, 0030, 0035, 1004, 1005, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035
We have these reservations for July 27-31
I plan to use BE1032 for the Flock office, and have requested it for July 25-31, in case we would like to store items in that room ahead of time
Since these room are all considered academic space, if a summer class ends up rescheduled to be in one of these rooms, we may have to choose a different room, but we have plenty of other rooms that we could use, should that become necessary. Currently there are no academic classes scheduled in any of these rooms during the proposed time of Flock.
Brief description of the city
Evansville is Indiana's third-largest city. It is a friendly place in Southwest Indiana, along the Ohio River. Evansville is the metropolitan hub where southwest Indiana meets southeast Illinois and northwest Kentucky.
Dr. Khayum, Dean of the Romain College of Business at USI, has offered his assistance in recruiting sponsors for Flock 2017 in Evansville
Major local airport(s)
Evansville Regional Airport (EVV) - 25 minutes away
Louisville Regional Airport (SDF) - 2 hours 11 minutes away
Nashville International Airport (BNA) - 2 hours 36 minutes away
Lambert–St. Louis International Airport (STL) - 2 hours 43 minutes away
Transportation options and costs for getting attendees from the airport to the the lodging (e.g., shuttle, public transportation, taxi)
The University's Information Technology department will rent a van or two and have some of our staff or student workers make trips to/from the airport, as needed
Estimated costs of flights from BOS, RDU, BOM, CDG, VIE, LIM, and PRG
BOS $448 $365 $250 $400
RDU $443 $406 $320 $380
BOM $1083 $1163 $1200 $1300
CDG $1333 $1204 $1400 $1600
VIE $1370 $1366 $1250 $1200
LIM $1711 $1200 $1500 $1700
PRG $1130 $1300 $1300 $1300
Prices are approximate and subject to change based on when the flight is booked and other external circumstances.
Notes about local transportation, including mass transit and taxi availability
Evansville does have Uber, and has several taxi services.
Internet availability
Wifi is provided throughout campus and housing. We will provide an ethernet port and cable in each of the rooms for the speaker to use if needed.
Sodexo can provide buffet-style meals in our dining room, The Loft. Rates Sample Menu
If we have meals in BEC, we can also use outside catering, if we have meals in the University Center (UC), we have to use Sodexo. Policy
Other Catering Options
Hawg N Sauce Barbeque
Proposed lodging
Room availability and cost
Rates More info
Approximately 164 beds will be available in Newman Hall, located on campus. This is 2 beds per bedroom, 2 bedrooms per suite. Each bedroom has it's own bathroom. This is $25.00 per person. A small number of single bedrooms are available, at $37.00 per person. This does not include linens. Rental of a linen package is $6.00 per person, which includes two twin flat sheets, a pillow case (no pillow), a blanket, a washcloth, and two large bath towels. Flock will probably want to order some pillows and have them shipped directly to the University to have given out at registration.
Red Hat will have to collect the money from people for their rooms and pay USI for all of them together, USI will not collect payment from individual attendees.
No alcohol is allowed on campus, including housing, the only exceptions would be if we have a bar ran by Sodexo, as we are suggesting as part of a possible evening event.
There are two hotels located approximately 3 miles from USI's campus, should people not want to stay in the on-campus housing
Fairfield Inn - Evansville West
Holiday Inn Express - Evansville West
Distance from venue and transportation required between them
We will be housing people in Newman Hall, which is located on campus, no transportation is needed.
Proposed evening event locations (at least 2, preferably 3)
USI Recreation, Fitness, and Wellness Center (RFWC)
No cost for facility rental, but will cost $8.00 per hour, per worker to operate the facility during our rental
Two workers are required for us to use the game room
At least two more are required for us to use the climbing center, possibly more depending on the amount of people interested in using it.
No alcohol allowed in this building, but we could have a meal and a bar across the road in University Center East (UC-East)
Having a catered event with alcohol at the University requires us to pay for security. Sheriff deputies are $25 per hour per deputy, with a 4 hour minimum. Depending on the size of our group, more than one deputy may be required.
Although, I believe we can have food in RFWC, just not alcohol, should we desire
Evansville Otters game (Minor League baseball team)
More information about a picnic
Information if we just wanted to get tickets
USS LST Ship Memorial
Mesker Park Zoo and Botanic Garden Info here
Evansville Museum of Arts, History and Science Pricing Available Spaces
Pros and cons of proposed location
Venue will be provided at no cost
Potential evening event on campus at very low cost
Many other potential evening event opportunities in this area
Many bars located a few miles away from the USI campus
Free transportation from airport to campus
Housing located on campus
Very inexpensive housing
Dr. Khayum, Dean of the Romain College of Business at USI has offered to assist in finding companies to sponsor Flock
No alcohol allowed on campus or in housing, unless we have Sodexo cater an event on campus, then they can provide alcohol for that event
EVV airport only has a limited number of flights per day, although the number of flights have increased from what it used to be. We now have direct flights from ATL, DTW, CLT, DFW, ORD, SFB.
There is a 7% state sales tax on everything, and a extra 1% food/beverage tax.
There is a 10% conference services charge. This is 10% of all money paid to the University and Sodexo (so this would include housing and Sodexo catering charges)
Retrieved from "https://fedoraproject.org/w/index.php?title=Flock_2017_Evansville_Proposal&oldid=537835"
Flock 2017


Join our host, Garrett Yrigoyen, a Modern Outdoorsman and avid fisherman, for some fantastic fishing in Ontario, Canada at our premier fishing lodge that is on a remote island, nestled within the splendor of the Ontario wilderness. The lodge's staff is highly trained, the guides are all friendly experts you will enjoy spending the day with and the kitchen is staffed with a master chef. This lodge is a catch and release lodge which is why the fish are so big here. Catch monster pike, jumbo smallies, humongous muskies and your dream walleye for an amazing time and photo. Don't worry, we keep enough of the right size walleye for a shore lunch. We round out an amazing fishing experience with cozy lodge accommodations, coffee delivered to your front porch daily and gourmet meals. Every guest receives the VIP treatment and we can't wait to have you out with us!


Dishes will be a reasonable choice for each lunch, both delicious and firm. As exciting as the name itself!
Beside the fried Rice with beef and pickles, crispy fried rice certainly is the favorite choice when you come to the restaurant. The delicious rice, tasty but not tired of eating. It is interesting when enjoy crispy fried rice with eggs, carrots, cucumbers, chopped lean pork paste, very nice and taste good.


Lay out the puff pastry sheet flat. Cut it into thirds vertically and then horizontally so you have 9 equal squares.
In a medium mixing bowl, add in the jalapenos, bacon, pepper jack and cheddar cheese, and cream cheese, Wood it with a wooden spoon until the cream cheese is thoroughly incorporated. You want the cream cheese to act as a binder for the other cheeses, jalapenos, and bacon.
Add the egg into a small bowl with 2 tsp. water. Whisk with a fork to combine.
Brush the egg wash on top of the puff pastry squares.
Add 1 tablespoon of the jalapeno popper filling to the center of the puff pastry. I rolled mine into a ball and placed it into the center of the pastry.
Place into the oven and bake for 18 minutes until the edges are golden brown.
Jalapeno Popper Bites - a delicious appetizer with golden puff pastry loaded with jalapenos, pepper jack and cheddar cheese, and loads of bacon.


Your 2008s' Columbia Valley wines were superb! I started out with your "Benchmark" Merlot for $29. Aromas of cinnamon, herbal notes, and a tad bit of tobacco. Herbal notes come through on the palate with bold tannins, followed by some earthiness. This is a much more serious Merlot than I'm used to (one that commands some respect), and only get better with about 6 or so years. I moved on to your "Basis Points" Meritage for $39. A Bordeaux-style blend of 58% Cab, 17% Merlot, 17% Cab Franc, 8% Malbec. The color is somewhat bossy with how dark and deep it is. This had scents of some dusty oak, black olive, and green beans. Violet, pencil shavings, and blackcurrant layered my tongue leaving me lip-smacking for more. From a Bordeaux lover you've done very well! I pushed on to your "Arbitrage" Cabernet Sauvignon for $35. The bouquet beetroot, prune, blackberry, and cherry escape the glass. I tasted rich dark fruits, full-bodied but smooth tannins, and…well this was SO good, my favorite of the four, so balanced in every way! Lastly I tasted "Derivative" Red Blend of 55% Cab, 25% Syrah, 14% Merlot, 6% Malbec for $20. This was a delicious infusion of ripe black fruits and some black pepper. It was smooth and an easy drink – a huge value considering the cost.


Fall is finally HERE! We are so excited to welcome this season….even if the weather isn't quite ready yet. Today we're walking you through our favorites for this season, to get you in the spirit. We'll focus on home décor, giving you plenty of time to order some goodies before the leaves start fallin'! Enjoy!
Colder weather means warm beverages, which means new mugs in my house. I love the cute mugs this season, like this pumpkin one or this one with the cutest "good morning" phrase! Looking for something to fill those cute mugs with? Try this hot chocolate mix for those like me with a constant sweet tooth!
This season means plenty of fall baking and food for the holidays. To celebrate, we've picked out some of our favorite pieces of kitchen decor, like this cute wine glass or these cute leaves that can be used as table decorations, or just around the house. We also love these fall-inspired hand towels, to make those dishes a little more bearable.
To me, fall signals coziness throughout the house. We love this plush blanket, perfect for snuggling up on the couch with that glass of hot chocolate. This pillow pairs perfectly with the cozy fall vibes, just like this one that says "hello fall".We also love these candles, which add some warmth when the cool breezes roll in.
Be sure to scoll down to see all the pretty photos.
NEIMAN MARCUS – Friends & Family, save 25% off select merchandise, use code: CHICWEEK, ends 10/08/18 at 9 AM CT.
There we have it– our fall favorites for this season. Let us know how you're decorating your home to get in the spirit, or what your favorite fall decorations are. Have a great weekend!
The tablescape and veranda decor photos were taken at the Colorado mountain home of my friend Barbie. She has owned Ooh's and Aah's in Webster, TX for many years. She offers decorating services plus wonderful home interior furnishings. Check out the website here.
We have updated most of the Shop SheShe categories located at the top in the menu bar. Simply hover over and click on the category you are interested in.
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THE MITHRAIC MYSTERIES
The icons of this ancient Mediterranean cult can be deciphered
only in terms of a worldview that placed the powers controlling
human destiny not on the earth but in the stars.
by David Ulansey
Scientific American, December 1989 (vol. 261, #6), pp. 130-135.
In hundreds of underground temples scattered across the territory of the Roman Empire from England to Syria, modern archaeologists have uncovered paintings and carvings of a young man killing a bull. The significance of this picture, the central icon of a secretive cult known as Mithraism, has been one of the great unsolved archaeological mysteries of this century. What mythical event is depicted by these figures? What clues does the bull slaying yield about the teachings of the cult? I and several other researchers have come to a conclusion that may seem unlikely at first: the image does not represent a myth about events on the earth; instead it is an astronomical code with strong religious implications.
This surprising interpretation gains credibility when considered in light of the widespread religious and social upheavals of the time. Mediterranean civilization in the seven centuries between Alexander the Great and Constantine provided exceptionally fertile soil for the growth of new religions. Alexander's conquests, solidified by his Hellenistic and Roman successors, rapidly created a unified Mediterranean culture out of what had formerly been a diverse collection of individual nations, city-states and tribes. Older forms of religious expression, which had generally been the product of smaller, close-knit societites, were losing their ability to furnish a sense of meaning for individuals adrift in a vastly expanded and increasingly impersonal empire.
As the Hellenistic and Roman empires swallowed up the older city-states and tribes, people came to feel that the powers determining their lives lay out of reach, in the distant parts of the empire. Any philosophy or religion that could offer people a sense of understanding or control exercised a strong attraction.
The emergence of Christianity was one response to these conditions. It offered membership in a symbolic community--the "New Israel"-- to people whose actual communities, now submerged in the imperial order, could no longer supply a firm sense of identity. Another response was the rise of fatalism, the idea that life completely controlled by an impersonal fate. Indeed, a personified form of Fate or Chance came to be worshipped as a god in many Hellenistic cults. The name of one Hellenistic philosophy that embraced this fatalistic worldview, Stoicism, survives today, signifying resigned endurance of whatever life may bring.
The general fatalism of the time prepared the way for the success of the more specific fatalism of astrology. Astrology, which first began to gain popular acceptance during the Hellenistic period (the time following the conquests of Alexander), claimed, with a persuasive aura of mathematical accuracy, that all events were pre-determined by powers residing in the stars. The growth of fatalism and astrology in this period makes it plausible that a religion based on the stars should have arisen.
The cult known as the Mithraic mysteries, or Mithraism, was one of the most important--and certainly one of the most intriguing--of the religions that arose at about the same time as Chrstianity. It came into existence in the first century B.C.; Plutarch writes that the Cilician pirates were practicing Mithraic rites by 67 B.C. (The pirates, based in the province of Cilicia in Asia Manor, numbered about 20,000; at their height their operations extended over the entire Mediterranean Sea.) Mithraism reached its peak in the third century and finally succumbed to the expansion of Christianity in the late fourth century, about the time that the Western Roman Empire was falling.
The cult's membership for the most part comprised soldiers, state bureaucrats and merchants; women were excluded. Like a number of other ancient religions (the mysteries of Isis and the Eleusinian mysteries among them), Mithraism limited its membership to those who had passed through a secret initiation ritual. Initiates were forbidden to speak to outsiders about cult secrets, and hence, they were named mysteria, a word whose root means to keep silent. The English word mystery and related words such as mysticism are ultimately derived from the Greek name for the cults. Mithraism was organized around seven distinct grades of initiation, forming a hierarchical structure through which members gradually ascended.
The cult's secrecy meant that no written record of Mithraic doctrines survives. As a result, the only information available to scholars attempting to reconstruct the cult's teachings is the elaborate iconography that decorates the temples. Most of it depicts various activities involving the cult's god, Mithras; the crucial scene is the so-called tauroctony, or bull slaying, in which Mithras, accompanied by various figures, is shown in the act of killing a bull. A tauroctony is found in the most prominent location in virtually every Mithraic temple, and it is clear that this icon holds the key to the central secret of the Mithraic mysteries. In the absence of any written explanation, however, deciphering it has proved a notoriously difficult task.
For most of the 20th century scholarly attempts to explain the tauroctony were dominated by the work of Franz Cumont, the famous Belgian historian of religion. Cumont's interpretation, first presented in 1899, was based on the fact that Mithras is the Greek and Latin name of a much older Iranian god, Mithra. Cumont concluded that Mithraism was imported from the ancient Iranian cult of Mithra, who represented light and truth and was believed to be the special guardian of contracts and agreements. Cumont argued that deciphering the tauroctony was simply a matter of finding parallels to its symbolic elements in ancient Iranian mythology.
Cumont's approach had significant problems. Most important, there is no known Iranian myth in which Mithra has anything to do with killing a bull. Cumont seized instead on an Iranian creation myth in which Ahriman, the embodiment of evil, kills a bull from whose blood and body spring all the living creatures of the earth. He claimed that this myth must have existed in a variant form (for which there is, however, no evidence) in which the good god Mithra replaced the evil Ahriman as the bull slayer. Cumont's eminence was such that his theories remained virtually unchallenged for more than 70 years.
The Iranian connection, and with it Cumont's interpretation of the tauroctony, came under concerted attack at the First International Congress of Mithraic Studies, held at the University of Manchester in 1971. Several scholars, chief among them John Hinnells of Manchester and R.L. Gordon of the University of East Anglia, suggested that Mithraism had in fact been created as a completely new religion somewhere in the Greco-Roman world and that it had merely adopted the name of the Iranian god to give itself an exotic flavor and an aura of antiquity.
If the tauroctony did not represent an Iranian myth, what did it represent? Starting in the mid-1970's, several scholars (including Roger Beck of the University of toronto, Stanley Insler of Yale University, Michael Speidel of the University of Hawaii, Alessandro Bausani of the University of Rome and me) put forward new interpretations of the tauroctony (and of Mithraism) based on the hypothesis that the picture is actually a star map.
Astrological beliefs permeated Mediterranean religious and intellectual life at the time Mithraism originated. In part this was the result of the fatalism of the age. In addition, for individuals cut off from their local traditions and free to move at will anywhere in the empire, astrology filled the need for new symbols that could help make sense of everyday life but were not tied to a particular locality or community, as were the older religious forms. The configurations of the stars appeared the same no matter where in the empire one traveled and so provided ideal raw material for such a universal symbolic system.
The acceptance of astrology led to a growing belief that the dwelling place of the gods was in the realm of the stars. For example, it was during the Hellenistic period that it became the standard practice to call the planets by the names of various Greek gods, such as Zeus (Jupiter) and Ares (Mars). Astrology also encouraged a new conception of life after death, according to which the soul did not go to the underworld, as had earlier been believed, but rather rose through the planetary spheres to the sphere of the fixed stars and then to the paradise that lay beyond the outermost sphere. In time this journey came to be imagined as difficult and dangerous, with secret passwords required to cross each planetary threshold.
Astronomical concepts must have been important in Mithraism, given the frequent appearance of astronomical symbols in Mithraic iconography. The 12 signs of the zodiac and symbols of the sun, moon and planets often appear together with the tauroctony and elsewhere in Mithraic art. The classical author Eubulus, writing during the first or second century, said that the Mithraic temple was meant to be "an image of the cosmos." It now appears that the tauroctony itself was an astral symbol.
In addition to Mithras and the bull, the tauroctony contains a number of other figures: a dog, a snake, a raven, a scorpion and sometimes a lion and a cup. It cannot be coincidence that each has a parallel among the constellations: Canis Minor, Hydra, Corvus, Scorpio, Leo and Crater; the bull is paralleled by Taurus. My work has been directed toward explaining how these constellations could come to form the central icon of a powerful religious movement.
These seven constellations, I have found, are linked in the sky as well as in the tauroctony. With the exception of Leo, they lie along a path defined by an ancient position of the celestial equator. The celestial equator is a projection of the earth's equator onto the celestial sphere. It is an imaginary circle tilted at an angle of 23 degrees to the plane of the earth's orbit (the ecliptic, or the plane that defines the circle of the zodiac). The celestial equator crosses the zodiac at the equinoxes-- the points on the celestial sphere where the sun appears to be on the first day of spring and the first day of autumn.
In antiquity the celestial equator was far more than merely an imaginary circle. Ancient astronomers believed that the earth was located in the center of the universe and was absolutely immovable; the fixed stars were attached to a great sphere that rotated around the earth once a day on an axis running between the sphere's north and south poles. Features of this sphere, such as its poles and equator, played a crucial role in the ancient understanding of the structure of the cosmos. As a result, the celestial equator was much better known in antiquity than it is today; for example, Plato, in his dialogue Timaeus, writes that the creator of the universe began the formation of the cosmos by shaping its substance into the letter X to represent the crossing of the ecliptic and the celestial equator.
For most of antiquity it was believed that the axis of the celestial sphere was, like the earth, immovable. In fact, the earth's rotational axis (the modern equivalent of the ancient cosmic axis) is not fixed; it has a wobbling movement. As it wobbles, the celestial equator wobbles with it, and the relative positions of the equator and the ecliptic change. This so-called precession of the equinoxes means that the position of the sun in the sky at the equinox moves backward along the ecliptic, and so the equinox occurs slightly earlier every year. The complete precession takes approximately 25,920 years; the sun moves through one constellation every 2,160 years. Today the spring equinox is in the constellation of Pisces; in about the year 2200 it will enter Aquarius. During Greco-Roman times the spring equinox was in Aries, which it had entered in about 2000 B.C. Before that it was in Taurus.
With the exception of Leo, all the constellations in the tauroctony lie on the celestial equator as it would have been seen when the spring equinoxwas in Taurus. (Leo marks the sun's location at the summer solstice-- the position of which is also shifted by the precession-- in that era.) The arrangement of constellations in the tauroctony, then, matches an astronomical situation that prevailed 2,000 years before the origins of Mithraism.
How could Mithraists have known of this ancient astronomical arrangement, and why would they have seen it as having religious significance? The precession of the equinoxes was unknown for most of ancient times. It was discovered in about 125 B.C. by the Greek astronomer Hipparchus, only a few decades before the initial rise of Mithraism. His careful observations showed the celestial equator was in fact gradually shifting backward through the zodiac. His calculations also made clear which constellations would have lain along the celestial equator when the equinox was in Taurus (its most recent position before the Greco-Roman period).
From the geocentric perspective, the precession (a movement of the earth) appears to be a movement of the entire cosmic sphere. For people who held both a geocentric worldview and the belief that the movements of the stars influenced human fates, the discovery of the precession would have been literally world-shaking: the stable sphere of the fixed stars was being unseated by some force apparently larger than the cosmos itself. Ancient intellectuals, accustomed as they were to seeing the work of the gods reflected in the works of nature, could easily have taken this great movement as evidence for the existence of a powerful, hitherto unsuspected deity.
The meaning of the tauroctony now becomes clear: the death of the bull aptly symbolized the end of the reign of Taurus as the constellation of the spring equinox and the beginning of the most recent era. The other figures in the tauroctony all represent constellations whose special position in the sky was also ended by the force of the precession.
By killing the bull-- causing the precession of the equinoxes-- Mithras was in effect moving the entire universe. A god capable of performing such a tremendous deed would be eminently deserving of worship. Furthermore, the ability to move the cosmos would be seen as endowing Mithras with other powers as well, such as the ability to overcome the forces of fate residing in the stars and to guarantee the soul a safe passage through the planetary spheres after death.
Other Mithraic images indicate that Mithras was in fact believed to embody such cosmic power; there are scenes that show Mithras bearing on his shoulder the sphere of the universe or in which a youthful Mithras holds the cosmic sphere in one hand while with his other he rotates the zodiac. In several tauroctonies, the starry sky is shown contained beneath Mithras's cloak.
The status of Mithras as the motive force behind the precession of the equinox could also explain the secretive nature of the Mithraic mysteries. Adherents could well have believed that their knowledge constituted a powerful secret best kept to themselves and among selected initiates. For those chosen, an understanding of the complex astronomical structure underlying the nature of Mithras would have required a lengthy period of indoctrination. Only after acquiring the requisite knowledge could initiates properly appreciate this new god.
An important question remains: If all the figures in the tauroctony represent constellations, then what constellation does Mithras represent? In the tauroctony, Mithras is located directly above the bull and is always depicted as a young man carrying a dagger and wearing a distinctive conical hat known as a Phrygian cap. The sky directly above Taurus, in fact, contains a constellation typically represented as a young man carrying a dagger and wearing a Phrygian cap: the Greek hero Perseus. Moreover, Perseus was worshipped as a god in Cilicia--precisely the region to which Plutarch traces the origins of Mithraism.
Tarsus, the capital city of Cilicia, was the home of one of the most important intellectual communities in the Mediterranean. This community was dominated by Stoic philosophers who were famous not only for their fatalism (which led them to be firm believers in astrology) but also for their tradition of personifying natural forces in the form of gods and heroes. Most likely, Mithraism arose as intellectuals in Tarsus, speculating about the force responsible for the newly discovered precession of the equinoxes, personified that power in the local Cilician god Perseus. Perseus, after all, was already identified as a constellation, and the message of his position in the sky was clear to read.
But if Mithras was originally in some sense Perseus, how did his name come to be Mithras? First, of course, it would make sense for a mystery religion to conceal the true name of its deity. Second, because of the sound of his name, Perseus was believed in antiquity to have been the founder of Persia (Iran) and thus could easily have become linked mythologically with the Iranian god of light and truth, Mithra. Third, around the time of the origins of Mithraism, most of Asia Minor came under the control of King Mithridates of Pontus, who formed a strong alliance with the Cilician pirates. Mithridates belonged to a dynasty named after Mithra; in addition, he and his ancestors believed that they were descended from Perseus. It was probably in the circles around King Mithridates-- who fancied himself an intellectual and took a special interest in Greek religious beliefs-- that the link was formed between Perseus and Mithra that eventually led to the adoption of the name Mithras (the Greek form of the name Mithra).
Today Christianity is one of the world's dominant religions; Mithraism (along with any number of other cults) died out. Why?
One crucial difference between the two is that from its beginning Christianity sought to make as many converts as possible. The author of the gospel of Matthew, for example, ends by having Jesus say, "Go, therefore, make disciples of all the nations." Mithraism, in contrast, was based on a secret, and secrets lose their appeal in direct proportion to the numbers of people who know them.
In addition, Mithraism took hold mostly among groups of people-- soldiers, bureaucrats, merchants-- who were intimately bound up with the existing social order of the empire, and the cult's hierarchical structure fitted that order in a way that early Christianity, with its apocalyptic doctrine of the return of the messiah and disregard of earthly matters, did not. Early Christians (who were typically people whose social status was problematic in one way or another) possessed a revolutionary zeal that was completely absent in Mithraism.
While early Christians sought to enlighten the world, then, adherents of the Mithraic mysteries sought individual enlightenment and advancement within the existing culture. As a result, Mithraists had no hesitation in adopting practices that would necessarily limit the size of the cult's membership, such as excluding women from the cult, constructing temples as small underground cavities and establishing a complex series of initiation rites.
The heart of the matter, then, is not so much why Mithraism did not grow as Christianity did but rather how Christianity achieved the spectacular success that it sought: by the end of the fourth century it had led to the almost total elimination of competing religions in the Mediterranean world.
The precise reasons for Christianity's success are, of course, a matter of intense scholarly debate. There is a general consensus, however, that one of the most important factors was exclusivity. Becoming a Christian required that a convert give up all other forms of religious worship. Other religions of the times demanded no such single-mindedness: one could be an initiate of Mithras as well as of Isis, participate in sacrifices to Jupiter and at the same time venerate the spirit of a dead emperor. In a time when many people were experiencing the collapse of their traditional sources of meaning, the radical exlusivity of Christianity exercised a powerful appeal: it gave prospective converts the opportunity to make a truly decisive choice; those who did convert could believe that their lives had gained a real purpose and significance. In an age of confusion, Christianity offered its adherents a clear sense of identity.
It is particularly interesting to note that Christianity appealed to some of the same astral-religious conceptions that lay behind Mithraism and other cults. Jesus was frequently described as having a power over the world of the stars. The author of the gospel of Mark (the earliest of the Christian gospels), for example, begins his story by describing how Jesus, at the moment of his baptism, "saw the heavens torn open." Through this image the author seems to have been attempting to convey the idea that the life of Jesus constituted a rupture of the cosmic order, the expression of a power greater than that of the heavens.
The same author also presents Jesus as saying, "In those days... the stars will fall from the sky.... Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away." Paul's letter to the Galatians reads in part: "When we were children, we were enslaved to the elemental forces of the cosmos, but when the fullness of time came, God sent forth his son.. .to free [us]." Just as Mithras, by shifting the celestial sphere, upset the order of the universe, so the coming of Jesus was believed to have produced a rupture in the fabric of the cosmos.
Not only early Christianity and Mithraism but also many other religions and philosophical movements of that period expressed this same yearning for identification with a force that could break the boundaries of the cosmos and provide access to realms outside the limits of ordinary experience. Such a yearning was spurred by the upheavals of the time: as the local foundations of culture were undermined, individual horizons could expand. At the same time, scientists' imaginations suddenly stretched out to encompass a grand vision of the celestial spheres. Today's world, with its increasingly global culture and a science that in a single generation has leaped past the farthest galaxies, shows striking parallels with that ancient Mediterranean age.
For a summary of my book The Origins of the Mithraic Mysteries: Cosmology and Salvation in the Ancient World (Oxford University Press, 1989) click here.
To return to Home of David Ulansey click here.


You can use the right mix of season's greetings and (humble) self-promotion to land new job leads.
I have said it before and I will say it again: The holidays are a great time to reconnect with your network. Whether it's via email, an e-card or a traditional card, use your holiday greetings to benefit your job-search efforts.
We have listed below five items to include in your holiday messages to keep your job search prospective alive during the holiday season.
If you want to send a note to someone you haven't spoken to in a while, refresh their memory. Tell them when you last communicated with one another or how you first met. Don't be afraid to personalize the message by bringing up little details you know about the person, such as a shared interest.
This is a great opportunity to thank each recipient for their support over the past year. Whenever possible, be specific. Thank them for taking the time to speak with you about a particular company, or for introducing you to someone who works for your target employer.
Use this message to communicate any developments in your job search and reiterate your career goals. For example, you might mention which organizations you've been speaking with, or what professional development activities you're doing to keep your skills sharp. This is especially helpful to send to your professional references.
If you're reaching out to a recruiter or hiring manager whom you met in the past, reiterate your interest in working with their organization. This is especially useful if you made it to the final interview round but did not get the job. This way, if things don't work out with the other candidate, you've done something nice to keep your brand top of mind.
Similar to your cover letters, your message should contain what marketers refer to as a "call to action." Don't leave the ball in their court. Close your message with a next step, such as an invitation to meet for coffee in the New Year. This will give you another reason to keep the communication going throughout January.


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Fight like peg: Northumberland middle school principal diagnosed with stage IV colorectal cancer
Posted on Wednesday, December 7, 2016 at 10:50 am
Myrick and wife prepare for her first round of chemo treatment. Photo Credit: Peggy Myrick
Myrick and mother, Pamela, prepare for her first day of chemo therapy.
By: Taylor O'Bier
Students and faculty in Northumberland County changed their outfit plans for Friday, Dec. 2, to include the color blue. The statement was not to reflect sadness or relaxation, as blue is often associated with. The blue these students and faculty wore was to show their support and admiration for the beloved Northumberland Middle School Principal, Peggy Myrick.
Myrick, 36, was diagnosed on Oct. 31, with colorectal cancer that has spread to her liver, classifying it as stage IV. Two weeks later she created a blog, pegscancerjourney.wordpress.com, to openly document her journey and battle that has only just begun.
According to the American Cancer Society, colorectal, or colon, cancer begins its growth on the inner lining of the colon. There are several types of colon cancer and many symptoms, such as diarrhea and rectal bleeding, that could help discover its existence. However, these symptoms often overlap with other common diseases that occur in this part of the digestive system. It is also more likely for colon cancer to occur in those over 50 years of age and the risk factor is slightly lower in women than in men, according to the American Cancer Society.
Which is exactly the reason why Myrick didn't chalk up her symptoms to cancer when she started experiencing them in March, over six months before she was diagnosed. Her general practitioner ordered the colonoscopy after prescribed medications did not subside her symptoms. Both her general practitioner and the gastroenterologist that performed the colonoscopy did not believe the outcome would be cancer.
"I thought it was going to be ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease," said Myrick, "I thought I was going to have to change my diet." Instead her life has been changed. Prior to the diagnosis she spoke with her best friend, a nurse practitioner in Ohio, and said she thought it might be cancer, but her friend reassured her she would be fine. Myrick said, "It was much to everybody's surprise that I did have a large tumor in my colon."
The tumor stretches from the bottom part of her colon down through the top third of her rectum. It has resulted in a partial obstruction, where as a full obstruction would have required emergency surgery the day of her colonoscopy. After she was informed of the spots on her liver, she knew she needed the best doctors and believed they could be found at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. Myrick admires their "team approach" to dealing with cancer patients.
Her parents and wife were with her the day of the diagnosis. "My first thought was this couldn't be really happening," said her mother Pamela, "her diagnosis was not a surprise, it was a shock." Pamela recalled the doctor spoke with the family firstand as soon as she heard the word "mass" she knew where it was going. Pamela worked as a Registered Nurse for many years at the Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, formally known as MCV.
"As a nurse I have seen many patients with cancer. I never in my wildest dreams considered that I would see one of my children have cancer," said Pamela, "People tend to feel it happens to someone else. I had fallen into that line of thinking."
Further testing at Johns Hopkins showed spots in Myrick's lymph nodes as well, confirming she has stage IV metastatic cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, metastatic cancer is when the cancer cells have spread significantly to other parts of the body. The areas it has spread are difficult to operate on. Myrick said in her blog on Nov. 17, "The goal is to keep me stable enough to qualify for a clinical trial that can help me, but at this time, it is considered incurable."
On Nov. 18 she underwent surgery to insert of port in her chest to receive three different chemotherapy drugs every other week. Myrick receives the chemo the first day at the hospital and then takes a pump home for the next two days that will later be removed by a nurse. Her first round of treatment was the week of Thanksgiving.
She described the experience in detail on her blog, stating she went through extreme hot and cold flashes. The craziest side effect she recalled was chemo-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) caused by the chemo drug named Oxaliplatin. CIPN is a result of the nerve damage chemo can have on the body, according to the American Cancer Society.
Myrick experienced this in the form of cold sensitivity as she stopped by Chick-Fil-A on her way home from the hospital after her first treatment. She took a sip of her favorite drink, sweet tea mixed with lemonade, and described the sensation as taking a bite of a glass Christmas ornament as she swallowed the drink. She has learned from members of support groups she's joined that sometimes CIPN is a permanent product of chemo.
Stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea are all common side effects Myrick has experienced with her first round. She stated on her blog that balancing the medications to combat the side effects is like walking a tight rope. Her second round of chemo was Sunday, Dec. 4.
Metastatic, or stage IV colon cancers, have a 5-year relative survival rate of about 11 percent, according to the American Cancer Society. Despite this harsh reality, Myrick has maintained an optimistic outlook on both her blog and with her daily life. Pamela has stated that Myrick has always been a positive, enthusiastic person. "I always face challenges with a positive attitude because I think attitude makes a big difference," said Myrick, "so I am meeting the challenge head on and doing what I have to do."
When Myrick was in college, her grandmother was diagnosed with lung cancer and given eight months to live. Much to the doctors' surprise, her grandmother went on to live another ten years with parts of her lungs removed. Ironically, Myrick is named after her grandmother. She remembered how her grandmother never complained or felt sorry for herself during her treatments and has used that as inspiration for her own battle with cancer.
According to the American Cancer Society, there are about 95,270 new cases of colon cancer this year. Although it is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States, it is often not discussed as frequently as the top two. Myrick believes that is due to the fact that it is a cancer that involves a certain level of privacy to be dissolved.
Myrick's mother Pamela stated, "Peggy, the educator that she is, has made it her mission to educate people about colorectal cancer signs and symptoms." Myrick fills her blog with info-graphs and personal testaments to remind people that early screenings can save a life. She said she has already had several people tell her that she has inspired them to stop putting off their own colonoscopies. She keeps her blog very transparent, talking about things many may find uncomfortable to discuss in detail.
Myrick has been at Northumberland for three years now, spending her first two years as assistant principal to the high school. Prior to her move here, she was a Spanish teach at Stonewall Jackson Middle School in Hanover County for twelve years, simultaneously earning her Masters in Administration through the University of Virginia. "I really liked the family feel from the beginning in Northumberland," said Myrick.
Without the community support and family support, Myrick stated she could not go through this journey. Her family has been there every step of the way, although it has not been easy. "I feel that my life will never be the same," said Pamela, Myrick's mother, "In time we may find some normalcy, but the pain of seeing your daughter having to face this horrible disease will be with me forever."
"I'm a fighter and I fully intend to fight this and do what I can to get healthy and get better," said Myrick, "But I want all the kids to…live each day to the fullest because you never know what's going to happen. This has been life changing for me, but it really makes you appreciate the small things and the important things, especially around the holiday season."


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Tigers trio sign pro deals
By Steven Hughes January 8, 2021 mode_comment0
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Castleford Tigers have confirmed Cain Robb, Brad Martin and Brad Graham have all signed professional deals with the club.
Robb has put pen to paper on a two-year contract running through to 2022, Martin has extended his contract for a year and Graham remains with the club in 2021.
Both Graham and Martin made their Super League debuts with the Tigers during the 2020 season and will be aiming to continue their professional progression as they look to compete for First Team spots in the new campaign.
While Robb was called up into the 21-man squad for Castleford's final game of 2020 against Leeds but did not feature in the matchday 17, he will be working hard to make his top-flight debut in 2021.
Robb said: "It's been good to get it all sorted and it's a good opportunity to be training full time alongside all the players such as Macca (Paul McShane) and I have everyone helping me out when I ask questions to make me a better player.
"I've come through the Scholarship system under Danny Evans and all the Academy staff who have been phenomenal really with our development. I was a bit of an all-rounder and Danny turned me into a hooker and we went from there. Everyone here I can't fault, they've been really good with me all the coaches."
Graham added:"I'm really happy with how things went, I didn't expect the opportunity to make my debut but with how the season went, it was a chance that came about, and I grabbed it with both hands.
"We've got good options with Shenny (Michael Shenton), Pete (Mata'utia) and we've signed Jordan Turner and he will add some real quality in the centres.
"So, it's just a challenge for someone like me who is new coming into it, getting to train with these boys is phenomenal. It pushes me to train harder and to want to be the best I can be and where I can also push them, I want to do that."
Finally, Martin said: "I'm really proud to have signed for another year, it was a bit of an awkward year as we all know, but I was glad to make my debut and show what I can do and earn another year. I'm really looking forward to this season; it should be good."
© 2021 Serious About Rugby League


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Home Headlines Ghana's mining laws available to arriving passengers at airport
Ghana's mining laws available to arriving passengers at airport
In a move to prevent foreigners from engaging in illegal mining in Ghana, passengers arriving at the Kotoka International Airport (KIA) will now have immediate access to the country's mining laws, the state-run Ghana News Agency (GNA) reported here Monday.
Kotoka International Airport (KIA)
It quoted Nii Osah Mills, Minister of Lands and Natural Resources, as having said this while inaugurating signages in English, French and Chinese, "which have been placed at vantage points within the arrival hall of the KIA to educate passengers on the country's mining laws".
"This exercise has been necessitated by the fact that some foreigners caught engaging in illegal mining explained that they were ignorant of the law or could not understand the law, which is only written in English," said the minister.
Mills reminded the public that the laws of Ghana only permitted Ghanaians to engage in mining activities, adding: "In effect, no foreigner has the right to carry out small-scale mining, let alone 'Galamsey'."
"It is the hope of the Ministry that these Signages would adequately inform individuals arriving in the country on the mining law, Act 703 of 2006."
The minister expressed appreciation to the Chinese Ambassador to Ghana, Sun Baohong, for her help in translating the law into the Chinese language, as well as the KIA authorities, and to the Ghana Chamber of Mines for helping to sponsor the project.
Statistics from the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources indicate that the Mining Sector contributes 27 percent of government revenue (domestic tax), and employs about 28,000 people in large-scale mining, and about 1 million people in the small- scale sector. Enditem
Source: Xinhua
Act 703 of 2006.
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Xinhua News Agency, Xinhuanet is an important central news service-oriented website, an important information organ of the central government, and an important platform for building up China's online international communication capacity. Established on November 7, 1997, as an online news provider of the Xinhua News Agency, it was officially named Xinhuanet on March 10, 2000 and began around-the-clock news release with leading online public opinion at home and setting a good image of China abroad as its main task.


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Theodore's World: Gingrich: "Life Doesn't Begin at Conception Because That Would 'Open Up ... Very Difficult Questions'"
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Gingrich: "Life Doesn't Begin at Conception Because That Would 'Open Up ... Very Difficult Questions'"
Gingrich: Life Doesn't Begin at Conception Because That Would 'Open Up ... Very Difficult Questions'
In an interview with ABC News on Friday, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich said he believes that human life does not begin at conception but at "implantation and successful implantation" because if you say life begins at conception "you're going to open up an extraordinary range of very difficult questions."
Gingrich also said that his "friends" who take "ideological positions" that human life does begin at conception "don't then follow through on the logic of" that postion.
Gingrich's statement was criticized by Rep. Michele Bachmann (R-Minn.), who like Gingrich is seeking the Republican presidential nomination, and by commentaries posted on pro-life websites.
Gingrich made his statement in an interview with ABC News's Jake Tapper in West Des Moines, Iowa.
"Abortion is a big issue here in Iowa among conservative Republican voters and Rick Santorum has said you are inconsistent," Tapper told Gingrich. "The big argument here is that you have supported in the past embryonic stem cell research and you made a comment about how these fertilized eggs, these embryos are not yet 'pre-human' because they have not been implanted. This has upset conservatives in this state who worry you don't see these fertilized eggs as human life. When do you think human life begins?"
Gingrich responded: "Well, I think the question of being implanted is a very big question. My friends who have ideological positions that sound good don't then follow through the logic of: 'So how many additional potential lives are they talking about? What are they going to do as a practical matter to make this real?
"I think," Gingrich continued, "that if you take a position when a woman has fertilized egg and that's been successfully implanted that now you're dealing with life, because otherwise you're going to open up an extraordinary range of very difficult quesitons."
Just keep talking Newt, the whole you are digging is getting deeper and deeper. This is a good example of one that does have some smarts to match his blimp size ego .
Posted by Wild Thing at December 5, 2011 05:55 AM