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Q: How to use AIR 2.0 NativeProcess API with Java? How do you use this great new API in connection with Java? Do you use just pure native process API like nativeProcess.standardInput.write() and nativeProcess.standardOutput.read() with which you cannot debug Java side neither invoke remote java method. Or you are using some library that leverages remote method invocation such as flerry lib but that also cannot debug Java side? Or maybe you are using Merapi with which you can debug but cannot remotely invoke Java method? I'm asking this because this is maybe the most important question regarding this API and its ease of use.

A: It sounds like your reservations have to do with being able to debug the Java process. This is not really an issue. You can use the NativeProcess API to kick off a Java process with arguments that will cause it to be externally debuggable. For example:
var processArgs:Vector.<String> = new Vector.<String>();
processArgs.push("-Xdebug");
processArgs.push("-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8787,server=y,suspend=n");

This will allow your Java process to be remote debuggable. You can then connect to it from Eclipse or Netbeans once the process has started. If the code in the Java process is linked to an active Eclipse/Netbeans project, you can do linewise debugging like you would of any other Java application.
-Raj

A: You can use NativeProcess to execute java.exe and pass it the right parameters to execute a java application.
You cannot use NativeProcess to run random java code from a jar file.

A: Having used both of them, you can debug the JVM with MerAPI or NativeProcess API.
Prior to AIR2.0, I used merapi to communicate over the network to a java process.
I would much prefer to use the NativeProcess launcher now, with MerAPI we were hacking
ugly marshalling code. Debugging the network payloads was a pin via merapi.
Using NativeProcess API is easy -
var myForkedExe:NativeProcessStartupInfo = new NativeProcessStartupInfo();
myForkedExe.executable = ;
...
I am not sure I understand what you mean by can not invoke remote Java methods with merapi.
That's exactly what I have been doing. Debugging is easy, just set the JPDA args and attach any JAVA debugger.

A: You could use Flerry to launch and communicate with java processes.

A: You can use var file:File = new File("/usr/bin/java"); and pass parameters to the Java-file with a Vector of arguments. E.g.
var arguments:Vector.<String> = new Vector.<String>;
arguments.push("-jar");


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SVP Global Subsidiary Commences Commercial Operations At Its Textile Plant In Oman, Invests $150 Million
MUMBAI — August 17, 2021 — Together with the celebration of India's 75th Independence day, SVP Global Ventures Ltd., an India-based compact cotton yarn manufacturer, has announced commercial operations for its mega textile plant in Oman. The group has invested $150 million (around Rs. 1,100 crore) in setting up 1.5 lakh spindles and 3,500 rotors facility at Sohar Free Trade Zone in Oman. The plant is expected to reach peak utilisation by September 21 and expected to contribute hugely in overall revenue of the company.
Established in 1898, by Shri Vallabh Pittie, SVP Group is primarily engaged in manufacturing of polyester, polyester and cotton blends, and 100-percent cotton yarns across three state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities in Jhalawar (Rajasthan), Ramnad (Coimbatore) and Sohar (Oman). Company has a vision to become a world-leading, fully integrated textile company in manufacturing yarn, fabric and garments.
Commenting on the development, Chirag Pittie, director, SVP Group, said: "The expansion of Oman plant consisting of 150,000 spindles and 3,500 rotors has been successfully completed and is expected to fully contribute to the financial performance starting September 2021. The strong demand for high margin combed compact cotton yarn coupled with sales off-take agreements will enable us to fully utilise the new capacities and enhance value for our stakeholders. We have a vision to be a leading integrated textile manufacturer of the world."
SVP Group expansion at Sohar Free Trade Zone in Oman offers many strategic operational and logistics benefits over a long period of time. In addition to 25 years corporate tax holiday it offers 100-percent foreign ownership, low cost of capital and less power cost. Power cost is 40-percent less compared to the home market in India. Oman also has Free Trade Agreements with the United States, Turkey and many other countries. Additionally it offers zero percent import or re-export duties.
With the completion of expansion at Sohar, the total operational capacity of the company has increased to 4 lakh spindles and 5,900 rotors.
Maj Gen O P Gulia, SM, VSM (retd), CEO of the group said: "Our manufacturing facilities are operating at near peak capacity and the Oman facility is planned to reach peak utilization by Sep 21. Our strategic growth initiatives, enhanced capacity and operational efficiencies, product and geographical expansion with focus on high margin products are likely to drive profitability and contribute to the growth of the company. The Group is now ready to foray into the complete value chain of textile. The order book of the company currently stands at Rs. 5,000 crore equivalent to next 2-3 years of revenue."
The company has reported robust financials for the Q1FY22. For the Q1 ended June 2021, SVP Global Net sales of Rs. 412 crore, growth of over 300% Y-o-Y. EBITDA for Q1FY22 stands at Rs. 91 crore (EBITDA Margin of 22.2%) and Net Profit at Rs. 39 crore (PAT Margin of 9.5%). For FY21, company reported total income of Rs. 1422 crore, EBITDA at Rs. 234 crore and PAT at Rs. 25 crore.
According to the company, SVP Global is among top 2 percent of Indian manufacturers with technology less than 5 years old and output of 153-154 grams per spindle per shift, which is highest in the industry. The company's manufacturing facilities are equipped with latest technology automated machinery equipped with AI and IOT capabilities from Blow Room to Winding. SVP Global is accredited as an approved supplier for leading brands including IKEA and Zara.
Source: SVP Global

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Downstream Impacts of Turkish Dam Construction on Syria and Iraq
Joint Report of Fact-Finding Mission to Syria and Iraq
by Kurdish Human Rights Project, Ilisu Dam Campaign, The Corner House
first published 30 July 2002
Iraq and Syria impacts
In 2001, a delegation from three UK non-governmental organisations went to Syria and Iraq on a Fact-Finding Mission to conduct research and interviews on the potential downstream impacts of the proposed Ilisu Dam, scheduled for construction near the ancient town of Hasankeyf in southeast Turkey.
The proposed dam is only one component of a far larger project: the vast and ambitious Southeastern Anatolia Project, known as GAP after its Turkish title (Guneydogu Anadolu Projesi) comprising a network of 22 dams and 19 power plants. Anticipated repercussions of the Ilisu Dam are just a microcosm of the projected consequences if the full GAP project is implemented.
The Mission found that GAP dams have already significantly reduced the downstream flow of the river Euphrates (and to a lesser extent the Tigris), causing increased salinity and seriously affecting agriculture. It found that Turkey has not complied with, or has violated the letter or spirit of, many agreements, treaties and protocols signed with its co-riparians over the past century; international conventions on water sharing and use; and with "best practice" guidelines for dam projects on shared rivers.
The Mission also found that a system of consultation between Syria and Iraq regarding Euphrates and Tigris rivers is long established and operates well, suggesting that cooperation between Turkey, Syria and Iraq should be possible.
The World Commission on Dams concluded that water conflict is intimately connected to imbalances of power amongst riparian states. The Mission is of the firm view that continued sanctions against Iraq are potentially stoking the fires of future conflict over water in the region.
The Mission therefore considers that the GAP project poses a real threat to future water supplies in Syria and Iraq. It urges the international community to press Turkey to halt further GAP projects until an agreement has been reached with Syria and Iraq that secures sustainable development of the Euphrates and Tigris. It believes that those communities that have suffered the adverse downstream consequences of GAP, in the form of reduced flows and deteriorating water quality, should be adequately compensated.
Fact Finding Mission


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Q: Проверка записи номера телефона и электроной почты Написать функцию, которая на вход принимает строку, а на выход выдает булево значение (True или False), которое истинно, если полученная строка соответствует номеру телефона или адресу электронной почты.
import re
def check_string(string):
    if re.match(r'[\+7|8]?.?(\d{3}).?(\d{3}).?(\d{2}).?(\d{2})',string) and len(string) <=11 or re.match(r'^\w+[\.]?(\w+)*\@(\w+\.)*\w{2,}$',string):
        return(bool(string))
    else: return(False)
print(check_string(input()))

Вот код который справляется с почтой, но почти справляется с телефонами. Например если телефон записать с 9 (9231231212), то его длина должна быть 10 цифр, а если с 8 (89231231212), то 11, с +7 соответственно длина 12. Но если написать номер с 9 и он будет длиной 11 символов, то номер оказывается верным, а должен выводится Folse. Как ограничить длину номера, относительно его начала? (помимо знака + в телефоне могут быть скобки и тире)
Вот список номеров которые должны быть правильные: +79160000000; 9160000000; 8(916)000-00-00; +7(916)000-00-00; (916)000-00-00; 8 (916) 000-00-00; +7 (916) 000-00-00; (916) 000-00-00; 8(916)0000000; +7(916)0000000; (916)0000000; 8-916-000-00-00; +7-916-000-00-00; 916-000-00-00;
номер -7 (910) 000-10-10 должен быть неправильный

A: Посмотрите, такой результат нужен?
import re

phones_str = str('+79160000000; 9160000000; 8(916)000-00-00; +7(916)000-00-00; (916)000-00-00; '
                 '8 (916) 000-00-00; +7 (916) 000-00-00; '
                 '(916) 000-00-00; 8(916)0000000; '
                 '+7(916)0000000; (916)0000000; 8-916-000-00-00; +7-916-000-00-00; 916-000-00-00')

phones = re.split(r' *; *', phones_str, flags=re.M)

def check_phone(num: str):
    clear_phone = re.sub(r'\D', '', num)
    result = re.match(r'^[78]?\d{10}$', clear_phone)
    print(bool(result))

for phone in phones:
    check_phone(phone)

A: Вот код к решению этой задачи.
import re
def check_string(string):
    phone = re.sub(r'\b\D', '', string)
    clear_phone = re.sub(r'[\ \(]?', '', phone)
    if re.findall(r'^[\+7|8]*?\d{10}$', clear_phone) or re.match(r'^\w+[\.]?(\w+)*\@(\w+\.)*\w{2,}$',string):
        return(bool(string))
    else: return(False)
print(check_string(input()))

Сначала очищаем номер от всех знаков препинания, кроме первого знака, после убираем лишние пробелы и скобки, если номер ими разделён, дальше делаем по шаблону начиная с +7 или 8

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Obituary for Dr Mark Goodwin
Posted on Wednesday, 12 September, 2018	by Pat Heslop-Harrison
The late Dr Mark Goodwin (1960-2018) talking to Ethiopian farmers and children
I am so saddened to write about the sudden death of my good friend, colleague and co-project leader, Mark Goodwin. We had very extensive common interests in the application and delivery of research for developing countries, research ethics, and in the role and importance of tertiary education and pedagogy. His inputs to my thinking about these areas have been critical to my research and how it impacts other people throughout the world, and I will so much miss the opportunities for discussions and working together in the future. His loss is an enormous shock: we spent much of his last day together discussing research and dissemination, and finalizing plans for his summit in Ethiopia the following week.
I first got to know Mark well 10 years ago in the context of the link with University of Gondar. He had real vision behind developing the PhD studentships to support staff members at the Ethiopian University. During previous visits to Ethiopia with Mark, we saw many scientific and cultural highlights together, all of which I am sure were applied in our research and teaching in the future (videos where we were together are on Youtube: Fishing tilapia in Lake Hawassa or investigating conservation plantings to stop hillside erosion in Aksum). He brought extensive and insightful personal input to every one of us involved in the project, and was a true driver. I also saw a lot of Mark's incredible help to individual students: in a time when so many want students to be considered as numbers and something to do form-filling correctness, he knew every single one he worked with, and would go out of his way to support them in any way he could, always working so the special talents of individuals came out. He challenged administration if needed or sorted out difficult issues. Examples include arranging for his project students to spend time with me in structured interviews, or finding ways to arrange suitable accommodation and subsistence payments, or working to obtain grants or funding to support visits.
Mark Goodwin (right) with Tesfeye Bizuayeu and Pat Heslop-Harrison in an Enset germplasm collection field
In our current joint project on Abyssinian banana, enset or Ensete ventricosum, Mark, as co-Investigator, has been ensuring we go far beyond scientific goals towards building a group of collaborative stakeholders – including HEIs and established agricultural research organisations. The website http://enset-project.org/ is one of the outputs, with huge input to the contents and structure from Mark. Through Mark's expertise, we could ensure our research aims were kept close to the agriculture, environmental, social and economic development issues, we kept engagement with the research, showed the necessary commitment to implementing the outcomes through collaborations, networking and negotiation.
I feel so fortunate to have spent a lot of time with Mark on his last day. We had lunch together in the University cafeteria, and had a typical wide-ranging discussions about delivery of impact for research projects and research assessment, the challenges he had just faced so successfully in leading the recruitment of Undergraduate students to the University, how we can ensure a high profile for the need for higher education for international development within governments and the UK, project supervision ideas and challenges, the latest news on our publications and so much more. We moved on to the topic of a meeting we had planned later in the afternoon: Mark was leading the organization of a summit and other meetings in Hawassa and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the following week. Mark was found in his office later that evening. He was looking forward to making inputs to the delivery of the development goals, and steering the scientific outputs to seeing how they could be used in education and dissemination, in policy and in application, in sustainable agriculture, economic or rural development, and environmental improvement.
Mark Goodwin with Worku Mhiret in the field in Ethiopia
I will certainly miss too discussions with Mark about wider issues of ethics, music and arts, global culture and history. He was truly a great friend, and one I could always rely upon. I know he will be missed by his many students and collaborators throughout the world.
Mark was taken from us far too early, but his contributions will live on through his huge impact to both research application and implementation, the development of higher education structures internationally, research evaluation and pedagogy, teaching in the UK and abroad, and the delivery of the projects for development.
Pat Heslop-Harrison
A notice about the sad loss of Mark is also published on the University of Leicester website, giving more details of his huge contributions to the Department of Genetics and Genome Biology and the School of Biological Sciences.
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Posted in Collaborators	| Tagged banana, colleagues, death, ensete, Ethiopia, germplasm, Leicester, Mark Goodwin, memorial, obituary, pedagogy, teaching, tribute, university	| Leave a comment
Biodiversity in Ethiopian linseed: molecular characterization of landraces
Posted on Thursday, 16 August, 2018	by Pat Heslop-Harrison
342. Mhiret WN, Heslop-Harrison JS. 2018. Biodiversity in Ethiopian linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.): molecular characterization of landraces and some wild species. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 65: 1603–1614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-018-0636-3 or author version: Linseed Linum Ethiopia Molecular Diversity Worku Mhiret GRACE 2018 Author Version
Linseed molecular biodiversity and variation. Negash and Heslop-Harrison 2018 GRACE Genet Res Crop Evol 65: 1603
Molecular characterization of germplasm is important for sustainable exploitation of crops. DNA diversity was measured using inter-retrotransposon-amplified-polymorphism and inter-simple-sequence-repeat markers in 203 Ethiopian landraces and reference varieties of linseed (flax, Linum usitatissimum) and wild Linum species. Molecular diversity was high (PIC, 0.16; GD, 0.19) compared to other reports from the species. Genotyping separated reference from landrace accessions, and clustered landrace accessions from different altitudes and geographical regions. Collections showed evidence for recent introduction of varieties in some regions. The phylogeny supported L. bienne Mill. as the progenitor of domesticated L. usitatissimum. Markers developed here will be useful for genetic mapping and selection of breeding lines. The results show the range of characters that can be exploited in breeding lines appropriate for smallholder and commercial farmers in Ethiopia, producing a sustainable, secure, high-value crop meeting agricultural, economic and cultural needs.
Posted in Publications, Species	| Tagged Altitude, biodiversity, breeding, collections, diversity, Ethiopia, flax, genetic resources, germplasm, IRAPs, ISSR, L. bienne, L. usitatissimum, landraces, linseed, phylogenetics, Region, retroelements, selection, SSRs	| Leave a comment
ImmunoFISH – Simultaneous visualisation of proteins and DNA sequences gives insight into meiotic processes in nuclei of grasses
Posted on Wednesday, 15 August, 2018	by Pat Heslop-Harrison
Sepsi A, Fábián A, Jäger K, Heslop-Harrison JS, Schwarzacher T. ImmunoFISH: simultaneous visualisation of proteins and DNA sequences gives insight into meiotic processes in nuclei of grasses. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 1193. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01193
Combined immunolabelling and in situ hybridization FISH. Sepsi et al. 2018. Frontiers Plant Sci 9: article 1193
ImmunoFISH is a method combining immunolabelling (IL) with fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) to simultaneously detect the nuclear distribution of proteins and specific DNA sequences within chromosomes. This approach is particularly important when analysing meiotic cell division where morphogenesis of individual proteins follows stage-specific changes and is accompanied by a noticeable chromatin dynamism. The method presented here is simple and provides reliable results of high quality signal, low background staining and can be completed within 2 days following preparation. Conventional widefield epifluorescent or laser scanning microscopy can be used for high resolution and three-dimensional analysis. Fixation and preparation techniques were optimised to best preserve nuclear morphology and protein epitopes without the need for any antigen retrieval. Preparation of plant material involved short cross-linking fixation of meiotic tissues with paraformaldehyde (PFA) followed by enzyme digestion and slide-mounting. In order to avoid rapid sample degradation typical of shortly fixed plant materials, and to be able to perform IL later, slides were snap-frozen and stored at -80∘C. Ultra-freezing produced a remarkable degree of structural preservation for up to 12 months, whereby sample quality was similar to that of fresh material. Harsh chemicals and sample dehydration were avoided throughout the procedure and permeability was ensured by a 0.1–0.3% detergent treatment. The ImmunoFISH method was developed specifically for studying meiosis in Triticeae, but should also be applicable to other grass and plant species.
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Posted in cereals, Publications, Research, Techniques, Uncategorized	| Leave a comment
Velmurugan J, Milbourne D, Connolly V, Heslop-Harrison JS, Anhalt UC, Lynch MB, Barth S. 2018. An immortalized genetic mapping population for perennial ryegrass: a resource for phenotyping and complex trait mapping. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: article 717. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00717
Lolium Genetic Map and RI lines showing population structure. Velmurugan et al. 2018. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: article 717
To address the lack of a truly portable, universal reference mapping population
for perennial ryegrass, we have been developing a recombinant inbred line (RIL)
mapping population of perennial ryegrass derived via single seed descent from a
well-characterized F2 mapping population based on genetically distinct inbred parents
in which the natural self-incompatibility (SI) system of perennial ryegrass has been
overcome. We examined whether it is possible to create a genotyping by sequencing
(GBS) based genetic linkage map in a small population of the F6 generation of this
population. We used 41 F6 genotypes for GBS with PstI/MspI-based libraries. We
successfully developed a genetic linkage map comprising 6074 SNP markers, placing a
further 22080 presence and absence variation (PAV) markers on the map. We examined
the resulting genetic map for general and RIL specific features. Overall segregation
distortion levels were similar to those experienced in the F2 generation, but segregation
distortion was reduced on linkage group 6 and increased on linkage group 7. Residual
heterozygosity in the F6 generation was observed at a level of 5.4%. There was a high
proportion of chromosomes (30%) exhibiting the intact haplotype of the original inbred
parents of the F1 genotype from which the population is derived, pointing to a tendency
for chromosomes to assort without recombining. This could affect the applicability
of these lines and might make them more suitable for situations where repressed
recombination is an advantage. Inter- and intra-chromosomal linkage disequilibrium
(LD) analysis suggested that the map order was robust. We conclude that this RIL
population, and subsequent F7 and F8 generations will be useful for genetic analysis
and phenotyping of agronomic and biological important traits in perennial ryegrass.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5991167/pdf/fpls-09-00717.pdf
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00717
Keywords: perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, recombinant inbred lines (RIL), genotyping by sequencing, mapping population, phenotyping
Herbert Macgregor 1933-2018: a personal tribute
Posted on Monday, 13 August, 2018	by Pat Heslop-Harrison
Topsham Church and the Service of Thanskgiving for the Life of Professor Herbert Macgregor
My Tribute to Professor Herbert Macgregor (22nd April 1933 – 22nd July 2018) delivered at his Thanksgiving Service on 13th August 2018
I am humbled to be here today to pay tribute to the wonderful scientist, leader and mentor, Herbert Macgregor. As a fellow cytogeneticist, Herbert has been right at the top of my field, and despite the great sadness, I am happy to be able to give you some thoughts about his remarkable and productive life. I first came across Herbert's name in my earliest undergraduate studies with other cytogeneticists, Carl Swanson and Hugh Rees, learning of Herbert's discovery (with Mick Callan) of the fact that each of the chromosomes within a cell nucleus – 46 of them in the case of human – contained a single DNA molecule, 100s of millions of DNA bases long, from end to end (Callan and Macgregor, 1958). Today, this is such a tenet of cell biology and genomics that it is accepted as 'obvious': the importance of the result supported by detailed experimental work stands equal with the other key discoveries of the late 1950s and 1960s, including the DNA helix, the genetic code, transcription, and semi-conservative replication of DNA. Herbert was a pioneer with techniques, using them and developing model systems to address many novel questions throughout his career. His book from the early 1980s, "Working with Animal Chromosomes" is still the standard reference for chromosome preparations and regularly used in my lab, while his 1993 volume, Introduction to Cytogenetics, is another standard science for interpreting chromosome form and behaviour, and appreciating its evolutionary significance.
I first met Herbert at a chromosome conference in 1982 organized in Lübeck, Germany. Herbert's talk was a highspot of the meeting – one of those annotated with three stars in my programme. Like so many of Herbert's papers, the title is as thoughtful and current now as when the paper was presented and written up, "The evolutionary consequences of major genomic changes": remember this was long before the science of genomics was the huge industry that it has become. Other papers had titles such as "High resolution map" or "Application of the technique", or discussed karyotypes and chromosome morphology. Herbert's paper, based on his own detailed investigations of the chromosomes in one of his favoured groups, the newts and other amphibians, makes conclusions and generates ideas that are still current and important today.
Two years later, Herbert and Alma organized an important meeting of the British Society of Developmental Biology, BSDB, in Leicester, where Herbert was Professor and Head of the Department of Zoology from 1970. This was one of my first conference talks, and I remember well the exceptional organization and range of exciting talks on the topic "Genes, chromosomes and computer models in developmental biology". At that time 34 years ago, "Computer models" were unheard of in chromosome biology, but the contents of the volume are truly visionary. Herbert and Alma's words in the introduction, "the frontier of this symposium lies between the biologists and computer scientists, between biology and biochemistry and mathematics and modelling" well summarize the range of Herbert's research and its implications for the rest of his career. This 1984 meeting was my first visit to Leicester where I am now based, and there were some strange events around the conference. I remember ending up in a pub with a number of the most notable conference participants, including Adrian Bird and Chris Bostock, and witnessing still the most vicious fight I have ever seen, as well as one or two unusual conference participants!
I continued to follow with much excitement Herbert's work, now linking gene expression with its physical manifestation as loops coming out from a special type of chromosome – lampbrush chromosomes – in amphibians and birds. This research on the arrangement and expression of DNA sequences in the genomes had major implications for molecular biology and the functioning of cell nuclei, as well as for evolution and developmental biology. Once again, this research is now part of the unquestioned canon of scientific knowledge. All through his work, from his very first papers in the late 1950s, Herbert was able to integrate microscopy with molecular biology – something that is today even more important than it was 50 years ago.
I got to know Herbert much better from the early 1990s, when he invited me to join him in a new publishing venture, setting up the Journal Chromosome Research, now in its 25th successful year. With Herbert's vision (set out in his Macgregor1993_Article_Editorial, followed up by the insightful commentary, from 1993, on Macgregor1993_Article_ChromosomeResearchLookForwardT), it has gained a distinctive niche in a publishing area, long before the huge expansion in numbers of publications the last decade. I gained enormously from seeing his firm but helpful interactions with the series of publishers we worked through, and carefully thought-through handling of the interactions with authors and editors to build the reputation of the journal. We were now in close contact, not only with publishing but with respect to our research and the chromosome research environment. So I discussed with him about 1999 that my then institute was in an uncomfortable state of upheaval, and about any academic positions coming up? Retiring around that time, but still maintaining his lab., he asked the right people and soon after, a rather specialized advertisement appeared in a newspaper, sandwiched between adverts for the chief fire officer for B&Q (a chain of UK DIY shops), and head groundsman for the Leicester City Football Club. So I moved to Leicester, and his wise advice was so valuable to me. Most notably, Herbert valued the exceptional people he worked with, particularly among the support staff. He invariably appreciated their immense contributions, showing the importance of their roles, and the impact they could have. In this way, he was able to build an extraordinary and productive world-class Department, and I saw the remaining atmosphere he fostered in Leicester. Within the environment he fostered in his Department, he had no truck with nonsense from administrators and senior colleagues, and was forthright in his robust views. I should also add that he held the most wonderful Christmas parties, with several dozen people from the wider Department.
Herbert cared deeply about his teaching and undergraduates and gave me extremely valuable advice as I took over in teaching some of the introductory genetics and biology courses. His lecturing style was immensely approachable but still challenging, and I was not surprised to hear he continued outreach and learning activities through U3A here in Exeter. Among other things, he maintained a remarkable website here at the University of Exeter on lampbrush chromosomes, providing a resource for all – not least with its progressive CC-BY open accessibility without copyright.
Personally, it was always wonderful and memorable to meet Herbert. At the time of moving to Leicester, we stayed with him and Alma, at his farm, The Leys. He had many musical, technical and nautical interests that were always a pleasurable digression to discuss. So many characteristics of Herbert come through from every interaction I had with him, and I am very happy to have been able to pay this tribute. Hebert was, or course, very proud of his Scottish Heritage, and retained his musical accent that was so easy to listen to, carrying erudition and distinction in its tones. I do remember a meeting that ended with a Burns Night supper, where we had the privilege of hearing Herbert giving the most authentic recitation of the words of The Bard.
So I will end with some other words that are appropriate from Robbie Burns' "Epitaph on my Own Friend":
An honest man here lies at rest,
As e'er God with His image blest:
The friend of man, the friend of truth;
The friend of age, and guide of youth:
Few hearts like his, with virtue warm'd,
Few heads with knowledge so inform'd:
If there's another world, he lives in bliss;
If there is none, he made the best of this.
Pat Heslop-Harrison.
Mine was one of four Tributes delivered at Professor Macgregor's Thanksgiving Service. Others covered his early years including National Service, his Family, and life during his retirement in Topsham, Exeter.
Thanks to Dr Alma Swan, Herbert's publication list is posted Microsoft word verstion HerbertMacgregor_PublicationList_PUBLISHED WORK and given below:
PUBLISHED WORK OF HERBERT C. MACGREGOR
Callan, H.G. and H.C. Macgregor (1958). Action of deoxyribonuclease on lampbrush chromosomes. Nature, 181: 1479-1480.
Macgregor, H.C. (1962). The behaviour of isolated nuclei. Exp.Cell Res., 26: 520-525.
Macgregor, H.C. and H.G. Callan (1962). The actions of enzymes on lampbrush chromosomes. Quart. J. Microsc. Sci., 103: 172-203.
Macgregor, H.C. (1963) Morphological variability and its physiological origin in oocyte nuclei of the crested newt. Quart.J. Microsc. Sci., 104: 351-368.
Macgregor, H.C. and T.M. Uzzell (1964) Gynogenesis in salamanders related to Ambystoma jeffersonianum. Science, 143: 1043-1045.
Macgregor, H.C. and P.A. Thomasson(1965). The fine structure of two archigregarines, Selenidium fallax and Ditrypanocystis cirratuli. J.Protozool. 12: 438-443.
Macgregor, H.C. (1965). The role of lampbrush chromosomes in the formation of nucleoli in amphibian oocytes. Quart. J. Microsc. Sci., 106: 215-228.
Macgregor, H.C. (1965). The effects of mammalian gonadotrophins on the yolky oocytes of crested newts. Arch.Anat.Micr. 54: 652-653.
Macgregor, H.C. (1967). Pattern of incorporation of 3H uridine into RNA of amphibian oocyte nucleoli. J.Cell.Sci. 2: 145-150.
Macgregor, H.C. and J.B. Mackie (1967). The fine structure of the cytoplasm in salivary glands of Simulium. J. Cell. Sci. 2: 137-144.
Perkowska, E., H.C. Macgregor and M.L. Birnstiel (1968). Gene amplification in the oocyte nucleus of mutant and wild type Xenopus laevis. Nature, 217: 649-650.
Walker, M. and H.C. Macgregor (1968). Spermatogenesis and the structure of the mature sperm in Nucella lapillus (L). J.Cell.Sci. 3: 95-104.
Macgregor, H.C., (1968). Nucleolar DNA in oocytes of Xenopus laevis. J. Cell Sci., 3: 437-444.
Gall, J.G., H.C. Macgregor, and M.E. Kidston(1969). Gene amplification in the oocytes of dytiscid water beetles. Chromosoma, 26:169-187.
Riemann, W., C. Muir, and H.C. Macgregor (1969). Sodium and potassium in oocytes of Triturus cristatus. J.Cell Sci., 4: p. 299-304.
Macgregor, H.C. (1969). Observations on the role of the germinal vesicle in amphibian and insect oogenesis. Heredity, 24: p. abstract in Proceedings of the 159th meeting of the Genetical Soc. of G.B.
Macgregor, H.C. and J. Kezer (1970). Gene amplification in oocytes with 8 germinal vesicles from the tailed frog Ascaphus truei Stejneger. Chromosoma, 29: 189-206.
Macgregor, H.C. and H. Stebbings (1970). A massive system of microtubules associated with cytoplasmic movement in telotrophic ovarioles. J.Cell Sci., 6: 431-449.
Macgregor, H.C. and S.J. Moon (1971). Some measurements on amphibian oocyte nucleoli. Z. Zellforsch., 122: 273-282.
Kezer, J. and H.C. Macgregor (1971). A fresh look at meiosis and centromeric heterochromatin in the red-backed salamander Plethodon c. cinereus (Green). Chromosoma, 33: 146-166.
Macgregor, H.C. and J. Kezer (1971). The chromosomal localisation of a heavy satellite DNA in the testis of Plethodon c. cinereus . Chromosoma, 33: 167-182.
Kezer, J., H.C. Macgregor, and E. Schabtach (1971). Observations on the membranous components of amphibian oocyte nucleoli. J. Cell Sci. 8: 1-17.
Macgregor, H.C. and M. Vlad (1972). Interlocking and knotting of ring nucleoli in amphibian oocytes. Chromosoma, 39: 205-214.
Macgregor, H.C. (1972). The nucleolus and its genes in amphibian oogenesis. Biol.Rev. 47: 177-210.
Macgregor, H.C. (1973). Amplification, polytenisation and nucleolus organisers. Nature New Biology, 246: 81-82.
Macgregor, H.C., H.A. Horner, C.A. Owen and I. Parker (1973). Observations on centromeric heterochromatin and satellite DNA in salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Chromosoma, 43: 329-348.
Macgregor, H.C. and M. Walker (1973). The arrangement of chromosomes in nuclei of sperm from plethodontid salamanders. Chromosoma, 40: 243-262.
Macgregor, H.C. and J. Kezer (1973). The nucleolar organiser of Plethodon c. cinereus. I. Location of the organiser by in-situ nucleic acid hybridisation. Chromosoma, 42: 415-426.
Kezer, J. and H.C. Macgregor (1973). The nucleolar organiser of Plethodon c. cinereus. II. The lampbrush nucleolar organizer. Chromosoma, 42: 427-444.
Walker, M.H. and H.C. Macgregor (1974). The arrangement of chromosomes in elongate sperm heads. in Chromosomes Today, 5 : 13 – 22. (John Wiley & Sons).
Mizuno, S. and H.C. Macgregor (1974). Chromosomes, and sequences and evolution in salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Chromosoma, 48: p. 239-296.
Macgregor, H.C., S. Mizuno, and M. Vlad. Some recent studies on chromosomes and DNA sequences in salamanders. in Chromosomes Today 5 : 331 – 339. (John Wiley & Sons).
Vlad, M. and H.C. Macgregor (1975). Chromomere number and its genetic significance in lampbrush chromosomes. Chromosoma, 50: 327-347.
Hennen, S., S. Mizuno, and H.C. Macgregor (1975). In-situ hybridisation of rDNA labelled with 125-I to metaphase and lampbrush chromosomes of newts. Chromosoma, 50:340-360.
Macgregor, H.C., M. Vlad, and L. Barnett (1976). An investigation of some problems concerning nucleolus organisers in salamanders. Chromosoma, 59: 283-299.
Macgregor, H.C. and S. Mizuno (1976). In-situ hybridisation of 'nick-translated' 3H-ribosomal DNA to chromosomes from salamanders. Chromosoma, 54: 15-25.
Mizuno, S., C. Andrews, and H.C. Macgregor (1976) Interspecific 'common' DNA sequences in salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Chromosoma, 58: 1-31.
Macgregor, H.C. and C. Andrews (1977). The arrangement and transcription of 'middle repetitive' DNA sequences on lampbrush chromosomes of Triturus. Chromosoma, 63: 109-126.
Macgregor, H.C. (1977). Lampbrush Chromosomes. in Chromatin and Chromosome Structure., R.A. Eckhardt and Hseuh-Jei Li (Editors). pp. 339 – 357. Academic Press:
Macgregor, H.C. and C. Jones (1977). Chromosomes, DNA sequences, and evolution in salamanders of the genus Aneides. Chromosoma, 63: 1-9.
Macgregor, H.C. and G.T. Morgan (1978). Repetitive DNA and chiasma failure in chromosome I of crested newts. J.Cell Biol., 79: 133a. (Abstract)
Macgregor, H.C. (1978). Trends in the evolution of very large chromosomes. Proc.Roy.Soc.London, B 283: 309-318.
Morgan, G.T., H.C. Macgregor, and A. Colman (1979). Multiple ribosomal sites revealed by in situ hybridisation of Xenopus rDNA to Triturus lampbrush chromosomes. Chromosoma, 80: 309-330.
Macgregor, H.C. and S. Sherwood (1979). The nucleolus organisers of Plethodon and Aneides located by in-situ nucleic acid hybridisation with Xenopus 3H ribosomal RNA. Chromosoma, 72: 271-280.
Macgregor, H.C. (1979). In-situ hybridisation of highly repetitive DNA to chromosomes of Triturus cristatus. Chromosoma, 71: 57-64.
Macgregor, H.C. and L. Klosterman (1979). Observations on the cytology of Bipes (Amphisbaenia) with special reference to its lampbrush chromosomes. Chromosoma, 72: 67-87.
Macgregor, H.C. (1980). Recent developments in the study of lampbrush chromosomes. Heredity, 44: 3-35.
Varley, J.M., H.C. Macgregor, and H.P. Erba (1980). Satellite DNA is transcribed on lampbrush chromosomes. Nature, 283: 686-688.
Hill, R.S. and Macgregor, H.C. (1980). The development of lampbrush chromosome-type transcription in the early diplotene oocytes of Xenopus laevis: an electron microscope analysis. J. Cell Sci. 44, 87 – 101.
Macgregor, H.C., J.M. Varley, and G.T. Morgan (1981). The transcription of satellite and ribosomal DNA sequences on lampbrush chromosomes of crested newts., in International Cell Biology. Springer-Verlag: p. 33-46.
Macgregor, H.C. and H.A. Horner (1980). Heteromorphism for chromosome I, a requirement for normal development in crested newts. Chromosoma, 76: 111-122.
Varley, J. M., H.C. Macgregor, I. Nardi, C. Andrews and H.P. Erba (1980). Transcription of highly repeated DNA sequences during the lampbrush stage in Triturus cristatus carnifex. Chromosoma, 80: 289-307.
Macgregor, H.C. (1982). Big chromosomes and speciation amongst Amphibia. in Genome Evolution, G.A. Dover and R.B. Flavell (Editors). Academic Press: pp. 325-341.
Macgregor, H.C. (1982). Ways of amplifying ribosomal genes. in The Nucleolus. Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series 15, E.G. Jordan and C.A. Cullis (Editors). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. pp. 129-152.
Macgregor, H.C. and E. del Pino (1982). Ribosomal gene amplification in ultinucleate oocytes of the egg brooding hylid frog Flectonotus pygmaeus. Chromosoma, 85: 475-488.
Horner, H.A. and H.C. Macgregor (1983). C value and cell volume; their significance in the evolution and development of amphibians. J.Cell Sci., 63: 135-146.
Macgregor, H.C. and J.M. Varley (1983). Working with Animal Chromosomes. John Wiley and Sons Ltd.: Chichester and New York.
Macgregor, H.C., Horner, H.A. and Sims, S.H. (1983). Newt chromosomes and some problems in evolutionary cytogenetics. Proceedings of the Kew Chromosome Conference II, Allen and Unwin. pp. 283 – 294.
Swan, A.P., H.C. Macgregor, and R. Ransom (editors) (1984). Programmes for Development. Symposium of the British Society for Developmental Biology. 1984. The Company of Biologists.
Macgregor, H.C. (1984). The lampbrush chromosomes of animal oocytes. in Chromosome Structure and Function, M. Risley, (Editor). van Rostrand and Reinhold Publishing Corp: New York. pp. 152 – 186.
Macgregor, H.C. and A.P. Swan (1984). An introduction to Programmes for Development. J.Embryol.Exp.Morph. 83(Supplement): 1-6.
Sims, S.H., H.C. Macgregor, P.A. Pellatt and H.A. Horner (1984). Chromosome 1 in crested and marbled newts genus Triturus: an extraordinary case of heteromorphism and independent chromosome evolution. Chromosoma, 89: 169-185.
Macgregor, H.C. (1984). Lampbrush chromosomes and gene utilisation in meiotic prophase. In Controlling Events in Meiosis, W. Evans and H.G.Dickinson (Editors). The Company of Biologists. pp. 333 – 348.
Macgregor, H.C. (1984). The evolutionary consequence of major genomic changes in Amphibia. In Chromosomes Today, 8 M.D.Bennett, A. Gropp, U. Wolf (Editors). George Allen and Unwin. pp. 256 – 267.
Horner, H.A. and H.C. Macgregor (1985). Normal development in newts (Triturus) and its arrest as a consequence of an unusual chromosomal situation. J. Herpetology, 19: 216 – 270.
Baldwin, L. and H.C. Macgregor (1985). Centromeric satellite DNA in the newt Triturus cristatus karelinii and related species: its distribution and transcription on lampbrush chromosomes. Chromosoma, 92: 100-107.
Macgregor, H.C. and S.K. Sessions (1986). The biological significance of variation in satellite DNA and heterochromatin in newts of the genus Triturus: an evolutionary perspective., in The Evolution of DNA Sequences, B.C. Clarke, A. Robertson and A.J. Jeffreys (Editors). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond.: B 312: 53 – 70.
Macgregor, H.C. (1986). Care, maintenance and captive breeding of newts (Triturus). In UFAW Handbook, Longman. pp. 768 – 772.
Schmid, M., S.H. Sims, T. Haaf and H.C. Macgregor (1986). Chromosome banding in Amphibia X. 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes, nucleolus organizers and nucleoli in Gastrotheca riobambae . Chromosoma, 94: 139-145.
Macgregor, H.C. and S.K. Sessions (1986). Models for evolution of large genomes and karyotypes of urodeles. Verhandlungen der Duetzchen Zoologischen Gesellschaft., 79: 137-148.
Macgregor, H.C. (1986). The lampbrush chromosomes of animal oocytes. in Chromosome Structure and Function, M.Risley (Editor), Van Rostrand & Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York.: pp. 152-186.
Macgregor, H.C. (1987). Lampbrush Chromosomes. J. Cell. Sci. 88: 7-9.
Macgregor, H.C. (1988). The Evolutionary Cytogenetics of Triturus (Amphibia, Urodela): An overview. In Symposium on the Evolution of Terrestrial Vertebrates, G. Chiara (Editor). Mucchi, Modena. pp. 153 – 170.
Macgregor, H.C. and J. Varley (1988). Working with Animal Chromosomes. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons.
Macgregor, H.C. (1988). Chromosome heteromorphism in newts (Triturus) and its significance in in relation to evolution and development. In Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution, D. Green and S.K.Sessions (Editors). Academic Press. pp. 175 – 196.
Sessions, S.K., H.C. Macgregor, M. Schmid and T. Haaf (1988). Cytology, embryology and evolution of the developmental arrest syndrome in newts of the genus Triturus (Caudata: Salamandridae). J. exp. Zool. 248: 321 – 334.
Macgregor, H.C. (1990). Newts and two studies in molecular cytogenetics., in Cytogenetics of Amphibians and Reptiles, E. Olmo (Editor). Birkhauser Verlag. pp. 61-84.
Varley, J.M., H.C. Macgregor and L. Barnett (1990). Characterization of a short, highly repeated and centromerically localized DNA sequence in crested and marbled newts of the genus Triturus. Chromosoma, 100: 15 – 31.
Macgregor, H.C., S.K. Sessions, and J.W. Arntzen (1990). An integrative analysis of phylogenetic relationships amongst newts of the genus Triturus (family Salamandridae) using comparative biochemistry, cytogenetics and reproductive interactions. J.Evol.Biol. 3: 329-374.
Solovei, I., E. Gaginskaya, T.D. Allen and H.C. Macgregor (1992). A novel structure associated with a lampbrush chromosome in the chicken, Gallus domesticus. J. Cell Science, 101: 759-772.
Macgregor, H.C. (1992). Introduction to Biological Sciences. in The Pergamon Encyclopedia for Higher Education. 4: 2181 – 2183. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Macgregor, H.C. (1992). Evolutionary Biology. In Pergamon Encyclopedia for Higher Education, 4: 2226 – 2231. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Solovei, I., E. Gaginskaya, N. Hutchison and H.C. Macgregor (1993). Avian sex chromosomes in the lampbrush form: the ZW lampbrush bivalents from six species of bird. Chromosome Research, 1: 153-166.
Macgregor, H.C. (1993). British Universities in the World of Business. The New Academic, 3: 12-14.
Macgregor, H.C. (1993). An Introduction to Animal Cytogenetics. Chapman and Hall: London.
Macgregor, H.C. (1993). Chromosome Research – look forward to 2001. Chromosome Research, 1: 5-7
Solovei, I., E.R. Gaginskaya, and H.C. Macgregor (1994). The arrangement and transcription of telomere DNA sequences at the ends of lampbrush chromosomes of birds. Chromosome Research, 2: 460-470.
Fairchild, P.J., Macgregor H.C. (1994). Asymmetric loops. Current Biology, 4: 919.
Solovei, I., H.C. Macgregor and E. Gaginskaya (1995). Single stranded nucleic acid binding structures on chicken lampbrush chromosomes. J. Cell Sci. 108, 1391 – 1396.
Solovei, I., H.C. Macgregor and E. Gaginskaya (1995). Specifically terminal clusters of telomere DNA sequences are transcribed from the C-rich strand on chicken lampbrush chromosomes. Proc. Kew Chromosome Conference IV. P.F.Brandham and M.D.Bennett (eds. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Press. 1995. pp. 323 – 330.
Macgregor, H.C. (1995). Crested Newts: Ancient Survivors. British Wildlife 7: 1 – 8.
Macgregor, H.C. (2011). From Bones to Biotechnology: 50 years of new biology in the Old World. In A History of the University in Europe (ed. Walter Ruegg) Volume IV, 451 – 471. Cambridge University Press.
Hori, T., Susuki, Y., Solovei, I., Saitoh, Y., Hutchison, N., Ikeda, Joh-E., Macgregor, H.C., Mizuno, S. (1996). Characterization of DNA sequences constituting the terminal heterochromatin of the chicken Z chromosome. Chromosome Research 4 : 411 – 426.
Joffe, B.I., Solovei, I. V., Macgregor, H.C. (1996) Ends of chromosomes in Polycelis tenuis (Platyhelminthes) have telomere repeat TTAGGG. Chromosome Research 4: 323-324.
Macgregor H.C., Solovei I., and Mizuno, S. (1997) Lampbrush chromosomes as systems for high resolution studies of meiotic chromosome structure. in Chromosome Segregation and Aneuploidy, (ed. A. Abbondandolo, B.K.Vig and R. Roi). European Commission Joint Research Centre Publication. pp 172 – 183.
Solovei, I., Joffe, B. Gaginskaya, E., Macgregor, H.C. (1996) Transcription on lampbrush chromosomes of a centromerically localized highly repeated DNA in pigeon (Columba) relates to sequence arrangement. Chromosome Research 4, 588 – 603.
Ogawa, A., Solovei, I., Hutchison, N., Saitoh, Y., Ikeda, J-E., Macgregor, H.C., Mizuno, S. (1997). Molecular characterization and cytological mapping of a non-repetitive DNA sequence region from the W chromosome of chicken and its use as a universal probe for sexing Carinatae birds. Chromosome Research 5, 93 – 101.
Joffe, B., Solovei, I., Macgregor, H.C. (1998) Ordered arrangement and rearrangement of chromosomes during spermatogenesis in two species of planarians (Platyhelminthes). Chromosoma 107, 173 – 183.
Solovei, I., Joffe, B., Hori, T., Thomson, P., Mizuno, S., Macgregor, H.C. (1998) Unordered arranmgement of chromosomes in nuclei of chicken spermatozoa. Chromosoma 107, 184 – 188.
Mizuno, S., Macgregor H.C. (1998) The ZW lampbrush chromosomes of birds: a unique opportunity to look at the molecular cytogenetics of sex chromosomes. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 80, 149 – 157.
Solovei, I., Ogawa, A., Naito, M., Mizuno, S., Macgregor H.C. (1998) Specific chromomeres on the chicken W lampbrush chromosome contain specific repetitive DNA sequence families. Chromosome Research 6, 323 – 327.
Baker, S., Greig, C., Macgregor, H.C., Swan, A. (1998) Exmoor ponies: Britain's prehistoric wild horses? British Wildlife 9, 304 – 313.
Macgregor, H.C. (2000) The Future of Chromosomes. In Chromosomes Today, (E. Olmo and C.A.Redi, eds.) 13, 305 – 313. Birkhauser Verlag.
Teranishi, M., Shimada, Y., Hori, T., Nakabayashi, O., Kikuchi, T., MacLeod, T., Pym, R., Sheldon, B., Solovei, I., Macgregor, H.C., Mizuno, S. (2001) Transcripts of the MHM region on the chicken Z chromosome accumulate as non-coding RNA in the nucleus of female cells adjacent to the DMRT1 locus. Chromosome Research, 9: 147 – 165.
Sessions, S.K., Macgregor, H.C. (2009) The necessity of Darwin. Chromosome Research 17: 437 – 442.
Macgregor, H.C. (2012) Chromomeres revisited. Chromosome Research 20: 911 – 924.
Macgregor, H.C. (2012) So what's so special about these things called lampbrush chromosomes? Chromosome Research 20: 903 – 904.
Edits 14/8/18: hyperlinks, explain B&Q as shop.
Edit 10/9/18: Publication List for Professor HC Herbert Macgregor added
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Posted in Collaborators, News	| Tagged amphibians, Chromosome Research, Herbert Macgregor, journals, lampbrush chromosomes, Leicester, newts, obituary, Professor, publishing, tribute, vision	| Leave a comment
Kurdistani sheep breeds and part of their mitochondrial genome From Mustafa et al. Mitochondrial DNA part A 2018.
341. Mustafa SI, Schwarzacher T, and Heslop-Harrison JS. 2018. Complete mitogenomes from Kurdistani sheep: abundant centromeric nuclear copies representing diverse ancestors. Mitochondrial DNA Part A https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2018.1431226 (publisher – see free publisher link below if you can't access) AND Mustafa et al_2018 AuthorVersion
The geographical center of domestication and species diversity for sheep (Ovis aries) lies around the Kurdistan region of Northern Iraq, within the 'Fertile Crescent'. From whole genome sequence reads, we assembled the mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA or mitogenome) of five animals of the two main Kurdistani sheep breeds Hamdani and Karadi and found they fitted into known sheep haplogroups (or matrilineages), with some SNPs. Haplotyping 31 animals showed presence of the main Asian (hpgA) and European (hpgB) haplogroups, as well as the rarer Anatolian haplogroup hpgC. From the sequence reads, near-complete genomes of mitochondria from wild sheep species (or subspecies), and even many sequences similar to goat (Capra) mitochondria, could be extracted. Analysis suggested that these polymorphic reads were nuclear mitochondrial DNA segments (numts). In situ hybridization with seven regions of mitochondria chosen from across the whole genome showed strong hybridization to the centromeric regions of all autosomal sheep chromosomes, but not the Y. Centromeres of the three submetacentric pairs and the X chromosomes showed fewer copies of numts, with varying abundance of different mitochondrial regions. Some mitochondrial-nuclear transfer presumably occurred before species divergence within the genus, and there has been further introgression of sheep mitochondrial sequences more recently. This high abundance of nuclear mitochondrial sequences is not reflected in the whole nuclear genome assemblies, and the accumulation near major satellite sequences at centromeres was unexpected. Mitochondrial variants including SNPs, numts and heteroplasmy must be rigorously validated to interpret correctly mitochondrial phylogenies and SNPs.
Keywords: nuclear mitochondrial DNA segments (numts); mitogenome diversity; massively parallel sequencing; fluorescent in situ hybridization; sheep domestication
Free link to paper from publishers: http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/YSxE33mSJiBMVEuMXIyv/full (limited to 50 uses so please look at author version first or use your academic library link via DOI below!)
341. Mustafa SI, Schwarzacher T, and Heslop-Harrison JS. 2018. Complete mitogenomes from Kurdistani sheep: abundant centromeric nuclear copies representing diverse ancestors. Mitochondrial DNA Part A https://doi.org/10.1080/24701394.2018.1431226 () Mustafa et al_2018 AuthorVersion
Morphology, adaptation and speciation
Posted on Wednesday, 22 November, 2017	by Pat Heslop-Harrison
Plant adaptation arises from their morphology, itself a product of evolution and development. In this figure, the aspects and interactions of research at different levels are shown, with the work having implications across botany, including understanding plant phylogeny and speciation, and for ecology and ecosystems.
Heslop-Harrison JS. 2017. Morphology, adaptation and speciation. Annals of Botany 120(7): 621-624. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcx130The study of plant evolution and development in a phylogenetic context has accelerated research advances in both areas over the last decade. The addition of a robust phylogeny for plant taxa based on DNA as well as morphology has given a strong context for this research. Genetics and genomics, including sequencing of many genes, and a better understanding of non-genetic, responsive changes, by plants have increased knowledge of how the different body forms of plants have arisen. Here, I overview the papers in this Special Issue of Annals of Botany on Morphological Adaptation, bringing together a range of papers that link phylogeny and morphology. These lead to models of development and functional adaptation across a range of plant systems, with implications for ecology and ecosystems, as well as development and evolution.
Morphology, adaptation, phylogeny, ecology, domestication, shoot apical meristem, seed-phytomer-leaf (SPL) theory, plant water relations, cell wall, aerenchyma, velamen radicum, twisted geniculate awn, chromatubules, stolon, nectaries, sexual dimophism, pollination, wasp galls, anther position
The study of evolution and development (evo-devo) has advanced plant research including speciation (Fernández-Mazuecos and Glover 2017); and as Theodore Dobzhansky stated in 1973, 'nothing makes sense except in the light of evolution'. But what options are there for plant architecture to evolve – from the gene to cellular to organ and on to whole plant and ecosystem level? As suggested in the mind-map of Fig. 1, we are now in a good position to exploit data from morphological and genetic studies to understand the key processes of evolution and development, taking those results to find their impact on ecology and ecosystems. The papers in this special issue cover a diverse range of species, organs (related to leaves, roots and flowers) and approaches (from advanced microscopy to DNA fingerprinting), to show how modern plant studies can be integrated to lead to models of evolution and understand plant development in the broadest context.
340. Heslop-Harrison JS. 2017.Morphology, adaptation and speciation. Annals of Botany 120(7): 621-624. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcx130
Posted in Publications	| Tagged Adaptation, diversity, ecology, genetics, genomics, meristems, morphology, phylogeny, polyploidy, selection	| Leave a comment


text:
COVID-19: NCDC Driver Tests Positive In Nasarawa
A courier driver who works with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in Nasarawa State has contracted the novel coronavirus. This brings to 12 o the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the state. The state Governor, Abdullahi Sule disclosed this on Tuesday during a stakeholders' review meeting at the Government House in Lafia,…"
A courier driver who works with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in Nasarawa State has contracted the novel coronavirus.
This brings to 12 o the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the state.
The state Governor, Abdullahi Sule disclosed this on Tuesday during a stakeholders' review meeting at the Government House in Lafia, the state capital.
Giving an update on the COVID-19 outbreak, he explained that the case is an indigene who lives in Ado, a town in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State.
According to him, the patient got infected in the line of duty and is being transported to the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi where he will receive treatment.
Of the cases, 11 are active while the last one is a member of the Nasarawa State House of Assembly who died of COVID-19 complications last week.
Osun Set Deadline For MDAs To Submit Budget Estimates
Crew Members Of Russian Plane Crash Revealed
Moses Commends Coach For Restoring His Career
Nigerian Man Commits Suicide In Malaysia


text:
Saint Andrew é uma paróquia da Jamaica localizada no condado de Surrey, sua capital é a cidade de Half Way Tree.

sv:Halfway Tree

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In this blog, Marcus Bond, an XSEDE Campus Champion and professor of inorganic chemistry and x-ray crystallography at Southeast Missouri State University, shares his experience at the ISC 2018 Sunday program.
Knowledge. As a relative newcomer to the field of high performance computing (HPC), this is primarily why I attend. The last few years have been a flurry of HPC conferences, workshops, and Linux Cluster Institutes as I try to educate myself and become more conversant about supercomputing. Repetition is helpful, since it is easy to forget from one conference to the next, but so are the different perspectives the venues bring, which is a major reason why I am here for my first ISC.
As a side note, I must say that the conference bag is one of the nicest I have seen. It is attractively designed, relatively sturdy, and large enough to be useful—but not so big as to be cumbersome. It will get a lot of use this fall taking papers home to grade.
Tutorial Day, of course, is all about learning. As a newcomer, any tutorial with "Getting started," "Beginner's," "Basic," or "Introduction" immediately catches my eye. Hence, choosing the morning tutorial "Getting started with Containers on HPC through Singularity" was an easy choice. For me and about 100 other people because that tutorial was packed…a fact that the presenter, Carlos Eduardo Arango, noted with some amazement.
I am interested in implementing containers on our small system. We have reached a point where users are starting to prototype applications on their desktops using a different flavor of Linux, and I'm then stuck trying to figure out how to install it on the cluster. I have been to talks on containers before, but I would have to say that this was the most lucid and compelling explanation I have heard. There appears not to be much of a performance hit, and perhaps a bit of a performance boost, according to data in the first presentation, since users can employ libraries optimized for their applications rather than those installed on the bare metal. On the cluster, users run in their own account, using the batch scheduler. It seems like a perfect solution, and I can't wait to get home and try it.
Lunch allowed some time to get a bird's eye view of the ISC Exhibition Floor setup. What will be even more amazing is to watch how fast it all comes down the minute it closes!
For the afternoon tutorial I attended "Better Scientific Software." I do not write software, at least not at the moment. However, as an X-ray crystallographer, I am a longtime user of scientific software since the crystallography field has been involved with computing almost since the advent of electronic computers. (Crystallographer David Sayre, for example, was on the original team that wrote the first Fortran compiler). Therefore, I'm interested in the process of writing scientific software…especially better scientific software.
The tutorial started with a description of "heroic programming," in which a single programmer puts in the extra effort to finish a project, and the resulting greater cost in technical debt that increases the future work required to sustain the software. Crystallographic software has suffered the parallel problem of single individuals who have developed and maintained the mainline programs…and nobody else really knows the code. With these individuals now in advanced age, the crystallographic community has made a decided effort to develop new software packages in a more sustainable way.
The central part of the tutorial surprisingly dealt with the soft skills of people and project management. As a participant in the University of Oklahoma-sponsored Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Research and Facilitators Virtual Residency, which does focus on developing soft-skills, I found this part of the tutorial particularly useful. I was unfamiliar with the Kanban method for tracking workflow, and most critically limiting the number of in-progress tasks. While this was presented in the context of software development, it well applies to other projects, and was my biggest takeaway.
A full accounting of Marcus' ISC18 experience can be read on the STEM-Trek blog site.


Looking for used storage sheds craigslist cheap? You can easily find the most suitable for you when browsing through the web. However, there are several factors that you need to consider when shopping for cheap storage warehouses. Everyone wants the best value for their money, and you don't have to sacrifice quality when choosing to buy a storage warehouse. Before you start looking for a warehouse, ask for a checklist to put the basic requirements in what you are looking for in the warehouse.
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Tuning Concert at 72 degrees. A4=440 Hz.
6 hole Pentatonic 1.4 Octaves - Traditional Modes 1 & 4 (Contemporary Tuning).
5 hole Pentatonic 1.4 Octaves - Traditional Modes 1 & 4 (Contemporary Tuning).
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6 hole Diatonic 1.4 Octaves - with thumb hole for upper octave.
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All flutes can be created in Verdi tuning (A4=432 Hz).
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From the website: Located just outside the village of Sag Harbor, Bay Burger offers a unique hamburger unparalleled on the East End. Our golden buns are baked fresh daily from flour, butter, eggs and milk. Grade A beef is ground every morning in our kitchen and cooked to your liking on a superheated steakhouse grill. The end result is a perfect hamburger that's simply delicious.


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SN 2003dx – supernowa odkryta 4 kwietnia 2003 roku w galaktyce A123631+6208. W momencie odkrycia miała maksymalną jasność 25,20.

Przypisy

Supernowe zaobserwowane w 2003 roku


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Route 66 Clothing
About Route 66
» HomeAbout Route 66The MapRestaurants Illinois Missouri Kansas Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arizona CaliforniaAttractions Illinois Missouri Kansas Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arizona CaliforniaHotels Illinois Missouri Kansas Oklahoma Texas New Mexico Arizona CaliforniaItinerariesShop Clothing Souvenirs Books
Home » Restaurants » Texas – Restaurants
Texas – Restaurants
The Big Texan Steak Ranch
Address: 7701 Interstate E 40, Amarillo, TX 79118-6915, United States
In 1960, R. J. "Bob" Lee opened The Big Texan Steak Ranch in Amarillo on Route 66, the "Mother Road. Its distinctive architecture soon became recognized across the Mother Road as a good stopping place for great steaks grilled over an open flame.
The towering sign of a long-legged cowboy that Bob erected next to the building became a major landmark on Route 66. From the beginning, the Big Texan welcomed weary travelers and migrating families whose roots spread all across America.
The now World-famous FREE 72-oz. steak came to life not long after Bob opened the doors to the Big Texan Steak Ranch.
Taste of the Old West!
Address: 100 S. Manhattan St., Amarillo, TX
Fun Fact: This cafe is in the big sale barn at the Amarillo stockyards where they auction off thousands of cattle a week.
Menu Highlight: Truckers and meat men stop by for the honest hash-house breakfasts: steak and eggs, breakfast burritos, salsa-garnished huevos rancheros and stacks of flapjacks.
Located in the big sale barn at the heart of the vast Amarillo stockyards, where several thousand head of beef cattle are auctioned every week, this is one sure-as-shootin' cowpunchers' haven with a mostly-steak menu plus honest hash-house breakfast every morning starting at 6.
MidPoint Cafe and Gift Shop
Address: 305 W historic route 66, Adrian, TX 79001, United States
Fun Fact: The cafe is the mid-point of Route 66. It is exactly 1139 miles to Chicago and 1139 miles to Los Angeles.
Menu Highlight: Ugly Crust Pies are the creation of Joann H. She used her grandmother's recipe for crust, which tastes delicious but looks lumpy and ugly.
Located at the traditionally accepted halfway point of Historic Route 66, the midpoint between Chicago and Santa Monica. Accross the street from the cafe is the "Welcome To The Midpoint" sign, one of the top photographed signs along Route 66. We are also the ONLY place on Route 66 to get Midpoint RT66 Gifts and Souvenirs, so please stop in and see the gift shop inside the cafe. Have been told by many visitors that the MidPoint Cafe and Gift Shop is one of the best gift shops along all of Route 66. So see for yourself!!!
Boot Hill Saloon & Grill
Address: 909 Vega Blvd, Vega, TX 79092, United States
The exterior of the Boot Hill Saloon & Grill, at the intersection of U.S. 385 and old Route 66 in Vega, Texas, looks like something from the 1880s Old West.
Bottom line, Boot Hill is an ideal place for a special occasion or a romantic evening — the sort of restaurant that Vega residents have been wanting for years.
And the food is creative enough that this out-of-towner will return.
Red River Steakhouse
Address: 101 West Highway 66, McLean, TX 79057, United States
The Red River Steakhouse opened in 1997 and quickly became a place right out of a legend. Believe in community and strive to build the communities in which we are located. It is the belief that can make a difference even if its just offering a great place to hang your hat after a hard days work. We feel that if we help take care of the community the people of that community will take care of us.
The Red River Steakhouse is situated on the famous Route 66 highway immortalized by the popular song of the same name in McLean, Texas. Located in the Panhandle of Texas, the Red River Steakhouse has been a welcome site to tens of thousands of hungry travellers motoring down this historic highway outside of Amarillo, Texas.
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WORLDS 2015 QF – Not so lonely at the top
– August 15, 2015Posted in: news
Quarter-finals day at the BWF World Badminton Championships saw the top two seeds in four disciplines make it through, with the exception of Boe/Mogensen but many of these wins were so hard-fought, they felt like upsets.
By Don Hearn, Badzine Correspondent live in Jakarta.
Video: Loïc Meuriot. Photos: Badmintonphoto (live)
The quarter-finals of the BWF World Badminton Championships ended with three events still on track to produce on-seed finals. But that by no means meant that the top seeds have been dominating.
The exception may be mixed doubles, where the semis are on seed and none of the teams were particularly troubled in their quarter-finals. Men's doubles actually saw second-seeded Boe and Mogensen lose to China's Liu Xiaolong and Qiu Zihan, a fate that has befallen the Danes many times before.
"We were very happy because we could win this match," said Qiu Zihan after the match, "and we really want to win this tournament.
"To be honest, our performance was quite similar to the Danes in this match. The reason we were able to win was just that our performance was a little bit better than theirs."
Asked if they viewed compatriots Fu Haifeng and Zhang Nan as adversaries in their quest for the 2015 world title, Liu Xiaolong said, "We haven't thought about that. We don't' think about them as our opponents because we just want to concentrate on playing well in every match."
Koreans beat thunder and lightning
The top seeds in men's doubles, Korea's Lee Yong Dae and Yoo Yeon Seong (pictured), went into the quarter-finals facing the only pair with a winning record against them, Fu Haifeng and Zhang Nan of China, whose last victory over the Koreans was just last month in Chinese Taipei.
The Koreans did their best to control the rallies but still got caught so many times having to lift to Fu Haifeng's thunder smash or leaving something too high at the net to be pounced on by the lightning-quick Zhang Nan.
Still, they kept their nerve and remained consistent, turning the shuttle on defense and finding the gaps to regain the attack and they finished the match in two games.
"We knew that this would be a tough match so we made sure that we didn't let our concentration level drop," said Lee Yong Dae. "It was because we did that and played hard until the end that we ended up with a good outcome.
"We are so happy about this so we intend to prepare well to come ready for another great match tomorrow."
"We have played them a lot of times before and always played some good matches," added Yoo Yeon Seong, "so it really just depends on the condition of each pair on that day and how well they maintain their concentration: we could win, we could lose, so we just have to try hard and concentrate and try to put on a good performance."
"Actually we didn't have that much preparation time for this tournament," said Lee. "We had tournaments to play in and so once that finished, we really only had about a week to prepare.
"Moreso than training, what is important is how you approach your matches and that you don't get nervous so playing tournaments during the preparation period was actually quite helpful. In my opinion, at the level that Yeon Seong and I have to play at, the mental aspects are really important and it's how you react mentally from point to point and keep your concentration that counts more than physical training.
"At these World Championships, I think that to able to relax and not get nervous, I think we've prepared well and if we can be psychologically just as prepared for the next match, it will turn out the way we hope, too."
"Since I didn't participate in the domestic event last month," said Yoo, "more than training with a shuttle, I was working out with weights and working on my fitness. I figured that we could train intensively on court again once Yong Dae got back from the tournament so I put the priority on physical training."
On their chemistry as a pair, Lee commented, "If you play with a partner long enough, you end up working through whatever isn't working at first. In my case, I find that if I worry too much about what Yeon Seong is doing and how to work together, my own game suffers. What I do instead is just focus on doing what I can do and trust Yeon Seong will be able to adapt."
In the women's singles, the two top seeds may have reached the semi-finals, but both Carolina Marin and Saina Nehwal had to prevail over players who have spent far more time as world #1 than they have. For both players, the role as the favourites meeting their Chinese challengers – Wangs Shixian and Yihan respectively – is a relatively new experience.
Saina Nehwal came into this match with, officially, a 2-9 record against Wang Yihan but that includes one match where Wang had to retire mid-game, and does not include their first meeting, in the World Junior Championship final way back in 2006, which Wang won almost four years before their first meeting on the senior stage. She won Friday's long, gripping match 21-19 in the decider.
"It was very special for me because the last 5 or 6 times at the World Championships, I've only played the Chinese in the quarter-finals," said Saina after her win over Wang Yihan. "The only thing I was thinking the last two days was that Wang Yihan and me, we've played so many matches and the record was also 9-1 and she also just won the Chinese Taipei Open. So I was just thinking that my quarter was really a very tough quarter because I also had to play Sayaka Takahashi in the second round and then Wang Yihan.
"All the matches were really tough and today's, after 13-9, she really got into the rhythm in the second game and she was picking up all my shots and the rallies were really fast-paced. In the third game, I was thinking that I have to play a little bit safe and make the rallies happen because she wants quick points and I didn't want to. Luckily, in the last few points, I really played with a lot of patience and that produced a really good result in the end.
"Actually, I hadn't thought about the final. The semi-finals were already very special for me. As I said the last five or six World Championships the quarter-finals were almost like a mental block for me and I just wanted to come out of it and at least win today's match. Actually, I'm still thinking about today's match and not about tomorrow's match.
"It's a lovely crowd. If I'm playing in Indonesia, I feel like an Indonesian. Even if they are supporting Indonesia, I feel they are supporting me. I'm happy with the crowd, I love Indonesia and I'm happy with the way I play here.
On the fact that the semi-finals are with a Chinese players for the first time in 35 years, Saina said, "You can never underestimate the Chinese. They have been producing champions for so many years. They are out in this tournament because Wang Shixian was against Carolina and she is playing extremely well. Wang Yihan and I are both playing very well and anybody could have won this match. Li Xuerui I understand has been fighting an injury for the past few months and she still played very well, to three games against Sindhu.
"There have maybe been some ups and downs but I haven't seen them losing easy matches. They always give the fight to their opponents. At this moment it's still entertaining and nice to see other country's players playing.
In the men's singles, Chen Long won a nail-biter of a second game against Viktor Axelsen. It went the full distance and ended on the sudden-death point at 29-all after the Dane missed out on no fewer than six game point opportunities, several of which he approached with dangerous flick serves.
The second seed, Jan Jorgensen, had the ominous task of facing down five-time champion Lin Dan. Lin had only been beaten once in a World Championship in the last ten years but Jorgensen himself has had two victories over the Chinese legend in the past 4 years.
Despite the anticipation, this match was unexpectedly one-sided as Jorgensen ran away with both games to finish it in two. Lin Dan explained afterward that he was disoriented by the noise and the environment in the Istora Senayan, a venue in which he has only ever won team titles.
"There is still more than half a year left in the Olympic qualifying," said Lin Dan after the match. "A lot of people think that I am going downhill but all I can do to prove myself is to do my best and try to qualify for the next Olympics.
Asked if he could say what his friend – and Jorgensen's next opponent – Lee Chong Wei might need to do to win the title, Lin had an interesting response: "It seems Malaysia needs a World Champion so much but for me, winning the World Championship just means that you were better at that particular moment, nothing else. There is nothing to fix about Lee Chong Wei: the skills, the experience, everything is the same. It's about how you look at the title of the World Championships."
To view Jan Jorgensen's post-match press conference, click below:
To view Carolina Marin's post-match press conference, click below:
Tags: World Championships
About Don Hearn
Don Hearn is an Editor and Correspondent who hails from a badminton-loving town in rural Canada. He joined the Badzine team in 2006 to provide coverage of the Korean badminton scene and is committed to helping Badzine to promote badminton to the place it deserves as a global sport. Contact him at: don @ badzine.net


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A unique ecosystem for advanced and additive manufacturing technologies to boost innovation and add value to industry
CSEM and EPFL are joining forces and expertise to offer Industry the benefits of advanced and additive manufacturing technologies. These fast-growing sectors are essential if we are to move towards a fully sustainable economy. The M2C platform aims to accelerate the adoption of these technologies through the design of lighter, more robust, complex, and accurate components and systems.
From basic and applied research (EPFL) to applied research and technology transfer (CSEM), M2C aims to address critical scientific and technological challenges facing the manufacturing industry. The center will focus on the latest developments in high-precision, advanced and additive manufacturing technologies, while bringing together multiple laboratories from both organizations. These laboratories share common research interests and activities related to the future of manufacturing and its impact on society.
M2C's objectives follow four axes:
Provide a platform to catalyze interactions between various academic, institutional, and industrial partners
Initiate, unite, and coordinate research projects in the field of advanced and additive manufacturing
Develop new training opportunities, ranging from apprenticeships to doctoral programs
Ensure efficient technology transfer to industry
M2C's activities are focused on the customization and functionalization of microengineered components and systems. For this purpose, the center develops and offers capabilities in:
Metal additive manufacturing
Material development & design for AM
LPBF process development & optimization
Advanced characterization & qualification
Femtosecond laser processing
In-situ laser feedback
Free-form functional integration
Combining optics with other modalities
Functional materials & systems
Multi-materials & multi-processing
Metamaterials for smart systems
Integrated functions
A new advanced manufacturing center opens up in Neuchâtel
The manufacturing industry is going through a period of profound change, driven in part by the advent of 3D printing and other advanced technologies. In order to support Swiss industry at this critical juncture, EPFL and CSEM have joined forces to create the Micromanufacturing Science & Engineering Center (M2C), a new focal point for pure research, technology transfer and everything in between.
Objects can now be 3D-printed in opaque resin
A team of EPFL engineers has developed a 3D-printing method that uses light to make objects out of opaque resin in a matter of seconds. Their breakthrough could have promising applications in the biomedical industry, such as to make artificial arteries.
EPFL is one of Europe's most vibrant and cosmopolitan science and technology institutions : students, professors and staff come from over 120 nations. In a dynamic environment, EPFL has both a Swiss and international vocation. It focuses on three missions: teaching, research and innovation. EPFL collaborates with an extensive network of partners including other universities and institutes of technology, secondary schools and colleges, industry and economy, political circles and the general public, with the aim of having a real impact on society.
CSEM is an internationally recognized Swiss innovation center developing disruptive technologies with a high societal impact, which it then transfers to industry. A public-private organization, its mission is to support the innovation activity of Swiss companies and strengthen the economy. CSEM is active in the domains of precision manufacturing, digitalization, and sustainable energy. Daily, CSEM's 550 employees from 44 countries collaborate with leading universities, research institutes, and industrial partners. Headquartered in Neuchâtel, CSEM also has sites in Allschwil, Alpnach, Bern, Landquart and Zurich.
M2C centre de recherche en micro-fabrication
Rue de la Maladière 71
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Optimality versus Fire
October 29, 2018 October 29, 2018 Bryan Caplan
Public choice economists have long argued that conventional economists hold markets to far higher standards than they hold government. Markets "fail" unless they're optimal. Governments "succeed" unless they're on fire. If this seems unfair, compare the standard definitions of "market failure" and "failed state." Market failure exists whenever markets fall short of perfect efficiency. To be a failed state, in contrast, requires habitual disaster.
Is this a Straw Man? I think not. Even the most sophisticated conventional economists hold markets to unreasonably high standards – and hold governments to unreasonably low standards. Paul Krugman, arguably the world's most sophisticated conventional economist, provides a fine case study in his recent Conversation with Tyler.
Tyler asks Paul, "To start with a very basic question: The major tech companies have become increasingly controversial. Do you think there's a significant market failure there? And if so, what would it be?" Paul's response:
Everything about tech, certainly everything about networks, is a violation of the principles that say that a market should be efficient. The trouble is, it's hard to sort out. It's not that there's any one thing.
It's got increasing returns, it's got imperfect competition, it's got spillovers. So I'm not sure what I know is the particular market failure. There's no reason at all to think that Facebook or Twitter or Google are doing the optimal thing from a social point of view. The trouble is, trying to figure out what to do as an alternative is not trivial.
When Tyler prods him about all the great stuff consumers get, Paul pushes back:
What's problematic is that they're still — although they're not charging us anything — they're not in business for our health, they're in business for their health. They're in business to sell something else. What Google is selling, really — it's still ads. It's selling advertiser access. At some level, that's what Facebook is doing as well.
Since it's indirect, in some ways, the reasons to think that it's going to be non-optimal are even greater.
Paul's right, no doubt, that tech markets are "non-optimal." But that's an absurd way to frame the situation. A reasonable frame is more like: Mankind has received a cornucopia of wonderful stuff for free, so thanks a million! If you described the modern Internet to people in 1988, almost everyone would have laughed at your naive optimism. Sure, things could have been even better. But if your main reaction to the Internet is to complain that it's "non-optimal," there simply is no pleasing you.
Does Krugman really hold government to lower standards? He definitely has many negative things to say about current U.S. politics.
Exhibit A:
[O]ur political system is set up on the basis that we elect representatives who will not exactly reflect their voters but will, in fact, deliberate and exercise independent judgment. But we are in an extreme partisan environment in which, for all practical purposes, only the party matters.
All that matters on most things is whether there's an R or a D, which means that all of the . . . Not that long ago, people used to refer to the Senate as the world's greatest deliberative body in a non-ironic fashion. [laughs]
These days, it's ridiculous. There is no deliberation that goes on. It's a completely partisan institution.
Exhibit B:
I think that the role of money in politics has created . . . a lot of people in political life now have spent their entire lives within a partisan ecosystem, never really having to step outside. Any independence in judgment, any demonstration of an independent conscience is actually career destroying.
So the kind of people you get are people who are basically bad people, at the very least very cynical people. I still find it hard to understand how people can be quite as cynical as they have become.
Exhibit C:
Ordinary people, people with real lives, real jobs, people who aren't paid to think about abstract policy issues are, understandably really, more poorly informed that those of us who push around words and symbols for a living can easily appreciate.
If you ask people, do they actually know what the policies are being propounded, if you ask them do they know what Republican healthcare policies actually are — maybe more so now than a year or two ago — but still mostly not. People are poorly informed.
Of course, sometimes they're actively misinformed by Fox News or something. It's instructive, being out there in public, writing for a newspaper, even writing for the New York Times, and then looking at the mail you get.
Leaving aside the crazy and hate stuff, but just the sort of ordinary citizens — they've heard from somebody that there's a plan to replace the US dollar with some global currency.
You know and I know that's ridiculous. But these aren't necessarily stupid people. They're not devoting a lot of time to public affairs. Of course, the news environment is — leave aside, again, the partisan media — tends to be very information scarce.
Strangely, though, none of this negativity leads Paul to question his support for government intervention – or support stricter limits on government. Common sense tells us that great power comes with great responsibility. Common sense tells us that "very cynical people" and "basically bad people" with power will do very bad things. Common sense tells us that ignorant people who don't "devote a lot of time to public affairs" will be easy for cynical and bad politicians to manipulate. But as far as I can tell, Paul's only proposed remedy for democracy's deep structural flaws is to elect more Democrats. No matter how poorly our government performs, we must grin and bear it.
When does our political system's performance get bad enough for Paul to muse, "Democracy in chains is a lot better than it sounds"? The answer, strangely, seems to be "never."
Aside from the fact that the world is going to hell otherwise, I'm just basically having a good time.
A joke? Perhaps. Yet it still exposes a deep truth. When markets fall short of perfection, Paul cries for government to fix them. When government is an ongoing disaster, Paul hopes that government will fix itself.
What's the alternative? Recognize that due to government imperfections, economists should often oppose government intervention even when a thoughtful, well-intentioned government could readily make the world a better place. Why? Because actually-existing governments are rarely thoughtful or well-intentioned. Public choice problems hardly provide an iron-clad case for laissez-faire, but they plainly tip the scales in that direction. And due to the ubiquity and severity of these problems, we should never forget to put them on the scales.
Economics and Libertyaction, business, citizens, democracy, government, health, independence, intervention, markets, media, money, politics, principles, responsibility, science, voting, world, writing
Written by Bryan Caplan
Bryan Caplan is Professor of Economics at George Mason University and Senior Scholar at the Mercatus Center. He is the author of The Myth of the Rational Voter: Why Democracies Choose Bad Policies, named "the best political book of the year" by the New York Times, and Selfish Reasons to Have More Kids: Why Being a Great Parent Is Less Work and More Fun Than You Think. He has published in the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, the American Economic Review, the Economic Journal, the Journal of Law and Economics, and Intelligence, and has appeared on 20/20, FoxNews, and C-SPAN.
On Monsters
Lies of Omission


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Giuseppe Albini est un homme politique italien du , sénateur de la province de Nice au Parlement de Turin.

Biographie

Né à Villefranche-sur-Mer en 1780, décédé à Spotorno (province de Savone) en 1859, le comte Giuseppe Albini est un militaire de carrière dans la marine du royaume de Piémont-Sardaigne. Anobli en 1850, il est nommé sénateur la même année.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
 .

Article connexe
 Liste des députés de la province de Nice

Liens externes

Naissance en septembre 1780
Naissance à Villefranche-sur-Mer
Décès en juillet 1859
Décès à 78 ans
Personnalité politique italienne du XIXe siècle
Sénateur du royaume de Sardaigne
Décès dans la province de Savone


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David Beckham powerless against the whims of his teens
David Beckham has spent most of his life being an incredibly famous athlete and underwear model, but he's quickly transitioning into his next career — begrudgingly silent father to teens — and he's not taking it well. His oldest kid, Brooklyn, is 15, and the next, Romeo, is on the cusp of teen-hood...
Monday, February 2, 2015 - 1:25am
TV watch list, Tuesday, Jan. 6
'Marvel's Agent Carter'If you've gotten tired of "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.," maybe you'll like this newest offering better. It follows the adventures of Agent Peggy Carter, who was introduced in the first Captain America movie, as well as Howard Stark, father of Tony.SERIES PREMIERE, 8 p.m., ABC'New...
Wednesday, January 7, 2015 - 4:35am
TV watch list, Thursday, Dec. 18
If you're too upset to watch the final "Colbert Report" episodetonight, here are a few other things to catch up on.'The McCarthys'The family partakes of their annual tradition — the Red Sox Swap. See, they're in Boston, so they won't do a Yankee swap. The rules are slightly different, though: You...
Friday, December 19, 2014 - 1:53am
#TheWord: Scarlett Johansson got married two months ago, guys
"Avengers" star Scarlett Johansson managed to pull off the ultimate celebrity achievement: the secret wedding. She and Romain Dauriac reportedly tied the knot Oct. 1 in Philipsburg, Montana, less than a month after the birth of their daughter — and no one in the press caught on about it, according...
Tuesday, December 2, 2014 - 10:32pm
TV watch list, Monday, Nov. 24
'Dancing with the Stars'We're down to only four finalists, and another pair gets eliminated tonight! On the plus side, they get to go home for Thanksgiving and eat all they want without worrying about it affecting their performance, so it's not all bad news.8 p.m., ABC'Sleepy Hollow'Abbie and...
Watch Gwyneth Paltrow, Chris Pratt and Britney Spears read mean tweets
The thing about the Internet — and Twitter specifically — is that it's public. So when you post something mean about a famous person, there's actually a chance they'll read it. And there's an even better chance if Jimmy Kimmel's staff happens to find it. Kimmel's long-running segment, "Celebrities...
Friday, November 21, 2014 - 9:02pm


Review summary Reviewed by 1 users.
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Logistimo India Private Limited's Corporate Identification Number is (CIN) U72200KA2011FTC060762 and its registration number is 60762.
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Corporate Identification Number (CIN) of Logistimo India Private Limited is U72200KA2011FTC060762.


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Breaking: Vatican Has Leaks and Fractures
The most compelling thing about the Washington Post's big, multi-page feature on the Vatileaked revelations of a "fractured Vatican" is that they waited until the pope announced his resignation to publish it. The book has long been out and its secrets revealed, at least to the Italian speaking world. The primary leaker has already been convicted and pardoned. And yet, the Post writes:
Much of the media — and the Vatican — focused on the source of the shocking security breach. Largely lost were the revelations contained in the letters themselves — tales of rivalry and betrayal, and allegations of corruption and systemic dysfunction that infused the inner workings of the Holy See and the eight-year papacy of Benedict XVI.
From there the article goes on to focus almost entirely on the scandal around Vatileaks and very little on the "tales of rivalry and betrayal." Most of this has already been covered elsewhere and the juicy bits are front-loaded. The upshot according to the Post? Pope Benedict XVI was a well-intended but weak leader who was outmaneuvered by his second, Tarcisio Bertone. Got it? The failure of Pope Benedict to accomplish much of anything was not his fault. He was just too "shy and cerebral" to fight the power.
The butler read letters fleshing out how Viganò, an ambitious enforcer of Benedict's good government reforms, had earned powerful enemies. In early 2011, a series of hostile anonymous articles attacking Viganò began appearing in the Italian media. Under duress, Viganò appealed to the pope's powerful second in command, Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone. Bertone was not sympathetic and instead echoed the articles' complaints about his rough management style and removed Viganò from his post.
This set in motion a blizzard of letters that passed through the office Gabriele shared with the pope's personal secretary. In one missive, Viganò wrote to Bertone accusing him of getting in the way of the pope's reform mission; he also charged Bertone with breaking his promise to elevate him to cardinal. Viganò sent a copy of this letter to the pope. In a separate letter to the pontiff, Viganò dropped the Vatican's "C word": corruption.
Viganò's efforts failed, and he was soon dispatched to Washington. Bertone and Viganò declined to comment.
Prognosis for future transformation? Not good, according to the Post.
Labels: Catholic Church, LaVaughn
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