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THE IMPACT OF FLOODS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ISTANBUL FROM…
Fatma Şensoy
Author Name: Fatma Şensoy
Article Title: "THE IMPACT OF FLOODS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ISTANBUL FROM 1453 TO THE PRESENT"
Full Title Collection: A History of Istanbul
Link: https://istanbultarihi.ist/395-the-impact-of-floods-on-the-topography-of-istanbul-from-1453-to-the-present
Visit date: 17.01.2021
Fatma Şensoy, "THE IMPACT OF FLOODS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ISTANBUL FROM 1453 TO THE PRESENT", A History of Istanbul, https://istanbultarihi.ist/395-the-impact-of-floods-on-the-topography-of-istanbul-from-1453-to-the-present (17.01.2021).
THE IMPACT OF FLOODS ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ISTANBUL FROM 1453 TO THE PRESENT
Floods are one of the factors that have transformed Istanbul's topographical structure; as a type of meteorological natural hazard, they continue to affect the city today. Severe flooding can have a sudden and immensely negative impact on daily life. The characteristics of the climate, the amount of rain, vegetation, drought, human activities, and topographical structure all play a role in transforming floods into natural disasters. In various historical eras, Istanbul has been the stage for floods that have had an impact on the structure of the city. The phenomenon of flooding has been referred to in Ottoman archival documents with words such as seylâb (flood), tuğyan (overflow), and feyezan (frenzy), as well as the expression su baskını (water flood). This article offers an overview of the important floods that have affected the city's topography since its conquest in 1453.
Rainfall on August 24, 1553, the 14th night of Ramadan, caused particular damage in Kâğıthane, demolishing villages and orchards. Because it was harvest season, the damage was significant. Trees were dragged into the sea by the force of the flood; the coastal areas of Galata were filled with poles, trees, and hay carts.1
On September 19, 1563, during a downpour that continued for days, lightning struck 74 times; flooding ravaged the shores of the Golden Horn, the slopes of the Galata district, Hal Halkalı, Silivri, Küçükçekmece, and Büyükçekmece. Kâğıthane Creek burst its banks, the water levels of the Golden Horn rose, and many palaces and homes were destroyed, including the interiors of the Eyüp Sultan Mausoleum, which was completely flooded. The flooding of the Halkalı Creek was so severe that it lifted the İskender Çelebi Palace from its foundations. Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent was there, seeking refuge with his entourage. One of the aghas was able to save the sultan's life by carrying him to the upper floor on his back. The flood caused severe damage throughout most of Istanbul. The Mağlova, Uzun, and Ayvad (Kurt) Aqueducts were all destroyed, while the Kovuk and Güzelce Aqueducts were eroded down to their foundations.2
Because of floods caused by rainfall that lasted for three days in 1618, many homes were destroyed, and the masjids (prayer rooms) located in the Aksaray Koğacı neighborhood remained underwater for a full month. This was followed by an outbreak of disease of unprecedented proportions, leading to the death of many people.
Markets were flooded as a result of a 10-hour rainfall that occurred in the fall of 1751; many buildings were destroyed.3 Heavy rain and hail in the Kartal area in November 1767 destroyed the roof and walls of a newly built mosque and ruined bridges and waterways. Water fountains built in the name of Hacı Beşir Agha and the customs officer İshak Agha were destroyed, and travelers and local residents suffered great hardship.4 A flood that followed heavy rainfall over Üsküdar in August 1786 swept all the market-stall products into the sea.5 Heavy rainfall that lasted for two days in October 1789 caused flooding in Istanbul, Eyüp, Kasımpaşa, Galata, the Bosphorus, and Üsküdar; ditches were dug in the markets, homes and public hamams (bathhouses) were destroyed, and the Mahmutpaşa and Kasımpaşa courthouses were flooded. More than 60 people died in the floods. The surface of the sea was covered with bridges, personal possessions, trees that were hundreds of years old, and food items.6 The heavy downpour at the beginning of March 1790 also caused flooding.7
A flood caused by rain that began at night in the summer of 1811 caused destruction to many buildings and bridges, as well as the loss of human and animal life in the Kağıthane district. Beşiktaş was left underwater, people were swept into the sea, and the employees in a hamam were drowned. The flood swept a bridge into the sea and demolished a mill, a store, and the Bostanci Barracks.8 Yet again in 1866, flooding caused difficulties for the residents of Eyüp. Bridges that had become unusable were repaired, creeks were cleaned up, and piled-up debris was transported with pontoons.9 In 1884, Kağıthanye Creek overflowed three times, causing tremendous damage to farms and livestock. Rain that lasted for two days in November 1887 transformed the streets into rivers, although the municipality attempted to contain the water in channels. A flood that occurred in May 1888 caused tremendous damage in the Baltalimanı and Bebek districts. Heavy rains that lasted a few days in December 1888 caused Kağıthane Creek to overflow; streets were closed and houses were flooded. Floods covered the Çırpıcı meadow, rising higher than the brick bridge next to the basmane (cotton printing) factory.10 Floods that occurred in the winter of 1889 caused Kağıthane Creek to overflow again, and sand dragged in by the floods almost clogged the creek.
Flooding in August 1891 caused damage to many Istanbul districts. Kagıthane overflowed into the surrounding areas, and the Alibeyköy Bridge was destroyed. The walls and roofs of houses in Aksaray, Cibali, and Halıcılar collapsed; the flood that came in from Bayrampaşa caused damage to Sulukule, while homes, stores, and orchards were left underwater in Fener, Balat, and Eyüp. The railway bridge and parts of the tracks in Bakirköy were damaged. The water levels of the Ayamama rose up all the way to the railroad tracks, train services were held up, and telegraph lines were pulled down. Dolapdere, Ihlamur, and Haydarpaşa Creeks overflowed; in areas on both sides of the Bosphorus—including Beşiktaş, Ortaköy, Üsküdar, Çengelköy, and Kuzguncuk—tremendous damage and loss of life occurred. An imperial edict provided assistance to individuals who suffered during the flood; the material costs of the damage and the total amount of aid was determined at 56,110 kuruş.11 The flood severely damaged the irrigation system, dikes and aqueducts, roads, sidewalks, and other infrastructure.12
A flood that occurred in January 1892 caused severe damage to the waterways in Kırkçeşme, Halkalı, and Taksim.13 Because a significant number of sheep were lost during the flood, the meat requirements of the Ottoman military were met through beef.14
A lengthy nighttime rain near the end of September 1911 demolished the Göksu Dam, which had been built by the Water Board. When the creek burst its banks, it ruptured two bridges and timber storage facilities; 45 people were rescued from the flood.15
Floods that occurred in August 1921, after a lengthy drought, caused great damage in many districts. Transportation in Aksaray and Eminönü was interrupted. The Kagithane Creek overflowed again, causing damage to the surrounding areas.16 Heavy rains in June 1924 transformed streets into creeks; water flooded the lower floors of houses, orchards and gardens were ruined, and livestock were lost. The Kurbağalıdere overflowed and flooded the Kızıltoprak, Kuşdili, and Yoğurtçu meadows. More than 500 homes in Kasımpaşa were left underwater. Water flooded homes in Topkapı, Aksaray, Eyüp, Beşiktaş, Samatya, and Beyoğlu. The Veliefendi meadow turned into a lake three meters deep. Village roads were ruined, and 80 percent of the cultivated areas suffered damage.17 Rainfall that lasted for three days on August 6, 1924, caused tremendous physical damage; stones, sand, and debris brought by the floods filled the streets, and homes were swept off their foundations. Eyüp and Kasımpaşa were the most affected districts. Flooding changed the courses of the İslam Bey, Bülbül, and Gümüşsuyu Creeks, causing the loss of life and property. Trains sustained damage in Bakirköy, as did planes in the hangar at Yesilköy. When the waters that gushed in from Fatih, Topkapı, and Saraçhane met the waters of Yenibahçe Creek, Aksaray became a lake. Police reports to the Istanbul vali (governor) indicated that losses amounted to more than 500,000 liras. The number of houses destroyed in Karagümrük, Büyükdere, Aksaray, Şehremini, Unkapanı, Beyazıt, Kasımpaşa, Beyoğlu Pangaltı, Arnavutköy, Samatya, Hasköy, and Eyüp reached 400. Railway and tram tracks were ruined and transportation was delayed. The devastation of cultivated lands, harvested grain, and orchards caused an increase in food prices. It was decided that aid would be provided to the victims of the flood via the Ziraat Bank.18 Property tax deadlines were postponed for individuals whose homes had been destroyed.19 A flood that formed after rainfall in October 1924 caused damage in the districts of Üsküdar, Eyüp, and Kasımpaşa. Sixteen people were saved from the ruins of houses in Beyoğlu.20
A flood that occurred on October 27, 1927, had an impact on Eminönü, Beşiktaş, and Aksaray; cars were submerged and tram services were canceled. Homes in Beykoz and Anadoluhisari were flooded, and the walls of the Emin Mosque in Beyoğlu were destroyed. A flood on December 18, 1927, caused the Ayamama and Çırpıcı Creeks to overflow, turning the area between Bahçe Stream, Aksaray, Langa, and Yenikapı into a swamp. Ayazma Creek burst its banks, flooding the pier at Akıntıburnu. Ortaköy Creek, Kuşdili, and Kurbağalıdere Creeks in Kadiköy, and Göksu and Küçüksu Creeks overflowed. Rainfall, which lasted for days, caused a house in Edirnekapı to collapse on December 27; as a result, houses that were unstable were identified and their owners were warned. Yenibahçe Creek overflowed in September 1929, and the lower floors of houses in Aksaray were submerged. A flood that November affected Kâğıthane and Kemerburgaz; two children drowned.
Floods caused the Kâğıthane, Göksu, Ortaköy, Kasımpaşa, Yenibahçe, and Alibeyköy streams to overflow on October 5, 1930; houses were flooded in Aksaray, Eyüp, and Yenibahçe. Kurbağalıdere Creek was partly filled with mud. When heavy rainfall that lasted 20 minutes turned into a flood on July 12, 1935, the debris carried by the floodwaters clogged the sewers and transformed Tophane and Eminönü into a lake. The summer rains between July and September 1936 left districts at low elevations, such as Aksaray, Kasımpaşa, Eminönü, and Beşiktaş, underwater, and communication and transportation were disrupted. Kağıthane Creek flooded, destroying cultivated areas. Flooding of streets during the rains of May 3 and September 14–15, 1938, led to disruption in transportation. Kurbağalıdere and Ortaköy Creeks burst their banks and flooded houses.21
Heavy rains at the beginning of October 1942 turned public squares into lakes, and trams and other vehicles could not operate. Floods took place in Karagümrük, Malta, Eyüp, Kasımpaşa, Nişantaşı, and Beşiktaş. The leather factory in Beykoz, the customs depots in Sirkeci, and the Silahtarağa power plant were flooded during a downpour that occurred on October 19 and 20; some districts were left without electricity. Kağıthane Creek overflowed again during these rains, and the roads that ran along the creek were left underwater. Heavy rain on July 13 and August 25, 1944, led to loss of life and property. A woman drowned in the flood in Fener. Flooding in Kasımpaşa, Aksaray, Dolmabahçe, Kabataş, Ortaköy, Beşiktaş, and Sirkeci on August 25 caused damage to homes and workplaces. Rainfall in August 1945, during an otherwise dry summer, caused a flood; streets were left underwater in Üsküdar, Kasımpaşa, Aksaray, Kumkapı, and Şehremini. A flood on June 27, 1948, ruined farmland and crops in Silivri and Çatalca.
Rains during June, July, and August 1951 caused loss of life and property. Two people died because of a flood in June; in July, 10 individuals died and nine were injured. A total of 223 homes were damaged, 2,000 houses were flooded, buildings cracked, and sidewalks were damaged. The area between Arnavutköy and Bebek was covered in mud. Together with the damage to Hagia Sophia Museum, the total damage caused by the flood in August was close to a million liras. Floods on August 18, 1955, had an impact on the districts of Karagümrük, Samatya, Sarıgüzel, Langa Küçükmustafapaşa, Şehremini, Eyüp, Kumkapı, Balat, and Kasımpaşa. During mid-November of the same year, streets were covered in mud; there were floods in the districts of Yenikapı, Kumkapı, Eyüp, Balat, Kasımpaşa, Karaköy, Kadıköy, Bebek, Kâğıthane, Taşlıtarla, and Bakırköy. Fourteen people died and three were injured when an apartment collapsed following the rainfall. The most severe rainfall in 10 years fell on August 22, 1957; 25 kg of rain per square meter was measured. More than 150 homes were submerged, and squares were transformed into lakes. Heavy rainfall on March 18, 1958, caused the dams in Elmalı and Bahçeköy to overflow; when the water could not be drained, residents of 1,500 homes had to be evacuated. The damage caused by rainfall during May, June, November, and December 1959 affected the telephone exchange in Kadiköy, caused flooding in some districts, and disrupted communications and domestic air travel. The Besiktas-Yildiz road, Vatan Street, and Zeytinburnu were turned into lakes.22
Rainfall on the first day of 1961 left homes, particularly those in the lower parts of Zeytinburnu, underwater. Rain in November and December 1965 submerged streets and city squares and flooded more than 30 homes. On August 20, 1968, the districts of Fener, Balat, Cibali, Eminönü, Kumkapı, Kasımpaşa, Sirkeci, and Demirkapı, as well as Vatan Street were covered with water.
Rainfall lasting two days in May 1974 caused Kağıthane Creek to overflow; more than 1,000 homes were left underwater, three people died, and a factory next to the creek suffered millions of liras in damage.23 Law No. 4373 declared Kâğıthane and Alibeyköy Creeks to be within the flood zone, and placed this area under the protection of the Sulara ve Su Baskınlarına Karşı Korunma Kanunu (Law Concerning Protection against Waters and Floods).24
Rainfall on January 10 and August 19 and 26, 1981, caused floods and traffic accidents. During the summer rains of 1987, two people were caught in a flood and drowned. With the bursting of the ISKI collectors at Feriköy Creek and in Gaziosmanpaşa, streets were left under 1.5 meters of water. The telephone and electricity distribution systems broke down, and the fire department, state water management agency, Köy Hizmetleri (village services agency), and military stepped in to assist. Rainfall in November and December 1988 also damaged Alibeyköy. Rain in October and November 1989 caused traffic accidents, the collapse of roads, and flooding in many districts.25
Rainfall at the beginning of August 1990 resulted in floods and material losses. On June 30, 1992, floods took place in 55 regions. Rainfall that began the morning of August 12, 1994, left close to 300 homes and workplaces underwater. During the rains of July 1995, 1,284 homes and businesses were left underwater, and a woman in Halkali drowned. Ayamama, Küçüksu, Turşucu, and Kurbağalıdere Creeks overflowed their banks; the mud-filled areas that emerged after the floodwaters retreated had suffered significant damage. A flood that occurred on a September morning in 1996 turned roads into rivers, caused numerous traffic accidents, and closed the Bosphorus to traffic for some time. Flooding in January, June, July, September, and November 1997 highlighted the weakness of Istanbul's infrastructure. Creeks burst their banks, and floods caused the loss of life and property. Rainfall at the end of April 1998 affected Silivri and its surroundings and disrupted transportation in Istanbul. Rainfall at the end of September left houses, schools, workplaces, and even the Halkali Train Station underwater. During the rainfall on the last day of October 1999, 100 traffic accidents took place on the D100, TEM, and connecting roads and highways.26
Rainfall and flooding at the end of January 2000 caused sewer systems to overflow and disrupted traffic. Rainfall amounts above seasonal norms caused creeks on both sides of Istanbul to overflow, disrupting transportation; floods occurred in Gaziosmanpaşa, Kâğıthane, Kadıköy, Maltepe, and Şişli. Creeks burst their banks, clogged drainages, and left homes and workplaces underwater. In August 2004, weather forecasters issued disaster-level rainfall warnings. Alibeyköy Creek burst its banks due to the rain that fell on August 16 and 17. Vehicles were swept away in the flood, and AKOM received 4,500 flooding notifications; the responsible units rushed to help. A total of 170 homes along the riverbed were damaged. In the rain that began on the morning of October 18, 2004, floods were experienced in the areas around Tavukcu Creek in Bahçelievler and Alibeyköy Creek. Kemikli Creek burst its banks on July 4, 2005; transportation came to a halt on the D100 Highway, and the Kartal Coastal Road was left underwater.
During the rainfall that occurred in Sariyer on September 2, 2006, close to 2,000 homes and workplaces were left underwater, and flood-borne soil and debris covered the side streets. Rain in early November 2006 had an impact on Beykoz and Kemerburgaz. With the rainfall at the end of September 2007, Tavukçu, Alibeyköy, Çinçin, and Ayamama Creeks overflowed their banks, and close to 1,500 homes and workplaces were left underwater. One person was swept away by the flood, three people died in traffic accidents, and nine people were injured. Rainfall on October 13, 2007, disrupted transportation on the bridges; 11 people were injured in an accident on Vatan Street, and floodwaters reached the first floor of apartments in Gaziosmanpaşa, Esenler, and Bağcılar. Extreme rainfall on September 18 and October 25–27, 2008, caused floods and traffic accidents. Significant material loss was experienced, trees were uprooted, roofs were torn off, and air traffic was negatively affected.
A disastrous flood began on September 8, 2009, in Silivri and Catalca and reached Istanbul on September 9; 31 people lost their lives in two days.27 When Ayamama Creek overflowed, all the factories next to it were left underwater, and vehicles at the Ikitelli truck garage were swept away by the flood, clogging the creek vent. The Basin Expressway was turned into a lake and vehicles were swept away in the flood; 10 people, including drivers sleeping in their vehicles, lost their lives, and seven women in a service vehicle drowned. With the bursting of Tavukcu and Papaz Creeks in Bağcılar, and Hamam and Kilyon Creeks in Halkalı, many homes and workplaces were left underwater. The İkitelli area experienced 262 kg of rainfall per square meter over four days; in comparison, the average rainfall for the month of September during the previous 80 years was 50 kg per square meter. Significant damage was caused, particularly in the warehouse and customs clearance centers of textile companies located in industrial and trade centers, such as İkitelli, Bağcılar, Sefaköy, and Mahmutbey. The flood affected 3,401 buildings—60 were destroyed, 74 were severely damaged, and another 225 were slightly damaged. Numerous companies suffered losses in raw materials, products, and equipment. More than 100 workplaces and factories were later demolished.
With heavy rainfall amounting to 135 kg per square meter on June 8, 2010, Kücüksu Creek overflowed; tens of vehicles on the Fikirtepe Bridge and on Mandıra Street were submerged, and one person died. Rainfall June 2010 left hundreds of workplaces and homes in Tuzla and Gebze underwater. Rainfall in June 2011 again caused flooding and loss of life. Heavy rainfall in the Belgrade Forest on October 25, 2012, turned into a flood in Sariyer. With rainfall amounting to 110 kg per square meter, sewer systems overflowed, manhole covers burst open due to the pressure, and the level of water on the streets reached 40 cm. Due to landslides, transportation was disrupted in the Paşamandıra, Alibahadır, and Değirmendere villages of Beykoz.
Many floods have been experienced over the course of the history of Istanbul, the capital of empires, a city also known as Byzantion, Constantinople, Kostantiniye, and Âsitane. Ayamama Creek overflowed centuries ago as well, causing significant loss of life and property, while floods in Alibeyköy were also experienced in the past. The disaster zones of the Ottoman period continue to carry the same risks today. Creeks have the potential to overflow, and flooding is inescapable. The sand and debris carried by floods has filled the creek beds, and cleaning them has been costly. Overflowing creeks damage infrastructure systems, jeopardize lives and property, and fill harbors with debris. Today, due to global climate change, floods are formed by sudden rainfall.
As Istanbul grew and changed, valleys were settled and air and water corridors were closed, increasing the threat of flooding. Floods and mudslides continue to change Istanbul's topography today. Some frequently flooded creeks have been diverted into underground canals. Valleys, with their relative ease of access, have seen an expansion of transportation infrastructure. Increased construction along urban creeks and rivers has constrained their natural flow, making those areas more vulnerable to flooding. Funds earmarked for disaster prevention have sometimes been used for disaster relief as well as to reconstruct the physical environment.
1 Mustafa Cezar, Osmanlı Devrinde İstanbul Yapılarında Tahribat Yapan Yangınlar ve Tabii Afetler, Istanbul: Berksoy matbaası, 1963, p. 60.
2 Kazım Çeçen, İstanbul'un Osmanlı Dönemi Suyolları, prepared by Celâl Kolay, Istanbul: İstanbul Su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi, 2000, p. 46.
3 Said Öztürk, "İstanbul ve Çevresinde Toplum Hayatını Etkileyen Tabii Afetler ve Ekonomik Kayıpları", Afetlerin Gölgesinde İstanbul, Istanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Çevre Koruma ve Kontrol Daire Başkanlığı Çevre Koruma Müdürlüğü, 2009, p. 393.
4 BOA, C.BLD, 101/5016, 9 Ca 1181.
5 Taylesanizâde Hâfız Abdullah Efendi Tarihi: İstanbul'un Uzun Dört Yılı (1785-1789), prepared by Feridun Emecan, Istanbul: TATAV Yayınları, 2003, p. 162.
6 Taylesanizâde Tarihi, p. 422.
7 Ahmet Cevdet Paşa, Târih, Istanbul: Üçdal Neşriyat, 1973, vol. 5, p. 37.
8 Cevdet, Târih, Istanbul: Üçdal Neşriyat, 1974, v. 9, p. 281.
9 BOA, A.MKT.MHM, 366/57, 23 V 1283.
10 Öztürk, "İstanbul ve Çevresinde Toplum Hayatını Etkileyen Tabii Afetler", p. 396.
11 BOA, DH.MKT, 1914/86.
12 BOA, İ.DH, 1245/97577, 19/S/1309.
13 BOA, DH.MKT, 1292/115.
14 BOA, MV, 124/4, 1 M 1327.
15 BOA, DH.İD, 41/22.
16 BOA, DH.İ.UM.EK, 123/24, 14 R 1340.
17 Vatan, 22, 23, June 24, 1924.
18 Yaşar Tolga Cora, "1924 İstanbul Seli Bu Sabah Yağmur Var İstanbul'da", Toplumsal Tarih, 2006, no. 146, pp. 70-73.
19 Cumhuriyet Arşivi, Fon Kodu: 30.18.1.1 Yer No. 10.39.6, 789/125-18, Date: 10/8/1924.
20 Vakit, October 12, 1924.
21 Talha Gönüllü, "Cumhuriyet Dönemi İstanbul'unda Doğal Felaketlere Can Kaybı, Ekonomik ve Çevre Kayıpları Yönüyle Bakış", Afetlerin Gölgesinde İstanbul, Istanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Çevre Koruma ve Kontrol Daire Başkanlığı Çevre Koruma Müdürlüğü, 2009, pp. 459-460.
22 Gönüllü, "Cumhuriyet Dönemi İstanbul'unda Doğal Felaketlere Can Kaybı", pp. 462-464.
23 Türkiye, May 13, 1974.
24 Cumhuriyet (Government) Archives, edition: 104547, Folder: 99-2561346, Fund Code: 30.18.1.2. Place No: 338614, Date: 4/8/1975.
26 Milliyet, http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Milliyet.aspx?Keyword=%C4%B0stanbul'da-sel&aType=ArsivAramaSonuc&PAGE=3.
27 Hürriyet, September 9, 2009, http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/ShowNew.aspx?id=12448345.
This article was translated from Turkish version of History of Istanbul with some editions to be published in a digitalized form in 2019.
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Jumbo wings battered in your choice of voodoo sauce, buffalo style, honey habanero, or tangy BBQ sauce.
Large white Gulf shrimp dipped in our homemade beer batter and dredged in coconut. Served with honey mustard.
Delicious Gulf shrimp lightly steamed in our special spice mix. Served with lemon and cocktail sauce.
Hand cut chicken breast cooked to perfection. Choice of dipping sauces includes honey mustard, Creole mustard, or raspberry habanero.
Served whole and spiced just right. Served chilled with lemon and cocktail sauce. Market price.
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Lump crab and a chipotle aioli.
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Shrimp or scallops wrapped in bacon with our honey horseradish dipping sauce.
Served with a classic melba sauce.
Served with assorted fresh fruits and traditional flatbreads.
With imported cured meats served with assorted olives, fruit spreads, and honey.
A beautiful arrangement of seasonal vegetables with our house made dips.
Seasonal fresh fruits and berries with our flavored cream cheese dips.
Mix and match your own cook-to-order pasta station.
Bottled soda, water, or tea available upon request.


Want to lay down some turns on a few local summits and couloirs this spring? Ski mountaineering is the name, and combining technical mountaineering with steep skiing is the game. But the stakes are often high in steep, exposed terrain and on firmer snow. Get the training, gear, experience, and beta to travel safely before heading out. Here's a start.
Guided ski-mountaineering camps and courses are a fun way to learn from the pros and ski some amazing terrain before heading out on your own. Multi-day, all-inclusive camps are available locally at Bell Lake Yurt (belllakeyurt.com), or in Cooke City at Zimmer Yurt (beartoothpowder.com). Or hire a guide for a day and go ski something outside your comfort zone.
A helmet can protect against falling rock and ice (a common and serious spring hazard), crampons are necessary for climbing firm snow securely, and an ice axe is crucial for self-arrest in the event of a fall.
Having the right tools (above) means nothing if you don't know how to use them. Don't just buy the gear and go for it—learning proper crampon and self-arrest techniques takes practice. Spend a day with a guide or mentor, and get comfortable with falling and arresting, crampon transitions, and various strategies for moving uphill (and down). If it's steep and firm enough that you're strapping crampons on, you also need to consider the skiing you plan to do. Is it too icy? Will it soften? Are you confident you can ski safely and in control? Getting up is only half the journey—you have to get down as well.
Ski mountaineering objectives abound in southwest Montana—here are a few to check out.


Information that many customers of locksmith services would want to know! Answers to commonly asked questions on locks and how to fix small problems quickly. Find out more about the pins set in a lock.
Is there a tool set which can be purchased to open locks?
This type of equipment set is illegal. According to experts at Locksmith Olympia , if such a tool set exists, it may be used for unauthorized entry or burglary. Locksmiths will never sell entry tools for individuals. Lockout issues are handled by professionals in a way that it does not violate the privacy and security of the concerned owners.
What is a quick fix to locks that do not lock and unlock smoothly?
The first thing to check is whether the lock operates well when the door is open. If it does, the problem is not the lock but the alignment of the door and its frame. There might be obstructions on the door jam and at the threshold or the doorframe might have twists and warps.
Where are the pins set in a lock?
Traditionally these are hidden within the cylinder according to our experts in Olympia. Moreover a notch is used to cut in such a way as to fit the key into the lock. Nevertheless it is important to note that the technology is changing all the time.


Research Training Groups are temporary higher education institutions for promoting young academic graduates. They provide postgraduate students with the opportunity to carry out their doctorates within the framework of a coordinated research programme implemented by several professors from as broad a range of disciplines as possible. They also provide a systematically organized study programme that equips postgraduate students with a broader understanding of the specific academic field. Research Training Groups are generally also funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).


I was caught in a fog of subtle depravity.
That is how I would describe my first years living in Guatemala. It is terrifying what one believes to be truth and noble when done in God's name. Evil has no boundaries.


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Located only two miles from Gretna Green, The Mill Forge boasts thirty-three tastefully appointed ensuite bedrooms, a restaurant with three different function rooms, the Conservatory Bar and stunning gardens which include a children's play area.
The bedrooms include spacious family accommodation, comfortable double, twin & single rooms and of course, some luxurious bridal suites.


This listing is for 4 inches of beautiful natural grey chinchilla rooster neck hackle feathers along the stitch, sometime it may not come in a continuous strip. There are about 60-80 feathers in this listing. The length of each of these rooster feathers ranges in length from 4-6 inches.
These are extremely beautiful and expensive natural gray chinchilla rooster neck hackle feathers with some black barring. The color pattern may vary because each chicken has slightly different color on it. This is a thickly strung material, providing a large amount of feathers in a small section. This craft feather style can also be easily separated into individual feathers.
Great for making hair pins!


text:
Garry Shandling Quotes
31 Garry Shandling quotes:
"I once made love for an hour and fifteen minutes, but it was the night the clocks are set ahead."
Author: Shandling Quotes Category: American Comedian Quotes
"It's not the hair on your head that matters. It's the kind of hair you have inside."
Author: Shandling Quotes Category: American Comedian Quotes Hair Quotes
"I am pretty tenacious as a perfectionist in terms of getting something right."
"The comic strip is what I looked at, and it's another reason I did it. The comic strip, where animals would comment on human behavior, interested me."
"My friends tell me I have an intimacy problem. But they don't really know me."
"I'm too shy to express my sexual needs except over the phone to people I don't know."
"My first appearance as a guest on The Tonight Show was in '81."
"Because I am afraid of commitment. This movie certainly has some bearing and is some reflection of my real feeling about relationships, because I do have commitment issues. My friends tell me I have intimacy problems, but they don't know me, so who cares what they think?"
"But I really like hosting, I think it's a strength of mine. It allows me to improvise, and I love the spontaneity of that, and I think I'm funny behind the desk when interviewing someone."
"Carol Burnett was particularly funny. She swore for the first time on television on Larry Sanders."
"First of all, I'm not the kind of guy that likes to rehash the show and so forth and so on."
"Here's the thing - I'm single, I haven't been married, I don't have kids yet. If I do have kids I would be interested to see them in my life, so here's a movie for kids and I'm in there and I'm supposed to be kind of funny for kids."
"I actually think I'm more of a turtle than Verne is. Where Verne is up on two legs and moving at full speed and doesn't pull his head into the shell very often, I in reality was five or ten minutes later to every recording session."
"I don't know how to ground myself without the other actor present."
"I don't know why men are so fascinated with television and I think it has something to do with - if I may judge from my own father, who used to sit and stare at the TV while my mother was speaking to him - I think that's a man's way of tuning out."
"I guess he wanted to see a little more sexual activity because in real life, in bed I think less is more and let the woman come to me. Frankly, I don't even need a woman there."
"I like going into nature and that's where I'm happiest."
"I play basketball on Sundays and I'm a very spiritual guy; I read a lot of Eastern philosophy and I meditate."
"I think I look great in green, and I'm going to start wearing more green."
"I think it's one of the main negative emotional ingredients that fuels show business, because there's so much at stake and the fear of failure looms large."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Shah, A; Stiller, C; Lancaster, D; Vincent, T; Coleman, MP; (2010) Leukaemia survival trends in children with Down's syndrome in Great Britain, 1971-2000: a population-based study. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 64 (7). pp. 604-609. ISSN 0143-005X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.086207 Full text not available from this repository.
This list was generated on Fri Apr 12 02:29:11 2019 BST.


(The Hill) Louisiana Gov. John Bel Edwards (D) said Sunday that Donald Trump has helped draw attention to recovery efforts after the recent devastating floods in his state.
"Because it helped to shine a spotlight on Louisiana and on the dire situation that we have here, that it was helpful," he said.


Lower Byre offers cosy self catering accommodation sleeping 4-5 people and is the perfect resting place after a long day exploring North Norfolk and its many attractions. Close to Sheringham, it is an ideal setting for a peaceful holiday in an area of outstanding beauty.
Outside the cottage has a small garden with a sheltered sunny patio area and patio furniture. There is a private off road parking space.
Towels and bed linen are supplied free of charge and all electricity is included.
Please note that the property is non-smoking and does not accept pets.
A self catering holiday to Weybourne and the surrounding area in North Norfolk offers a refreshing escape from the hustle and bustle of busy Britain.


The National Joint Stock Company Naftogaz of Ukraine is the leading enterprise of the national fuel and energy complex, one of the biggest Ukrainian companies. NJSC Naftogaz of Ukraine is a vertically integrated oil and gas company working in the spheres of gas and oil exploration, extraction, transportation, storage and supply.
Over 90% of the oil and gas in Ukraine is produced by the enterprises of the Naftogaz.


text:
package com.joescii.valprog

sealed trait Nat {
  def +(that:Nat):Nat
}
case object Nat0 extends Nat {
  override def +(that:Nat) = that
}
case class NatN(prev:Nat) extends Nat {
  override def +(that:Nat) =
    NatN(prev + that)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
LANCE HENRIKSEN: NOT BAD FOR A HUMAN
Posted on January 31, 2020 January 31, 2020 by robertemmetsweeney
You know this gaunt growler. He lurks in the disreputable direct-to-video section of your local video store, if it still exists, or pops up on Netflix in a low-budget creeper rated with one reluctant star. He is, of course, Lance Henriksen, a tireless worker and a real character of a character actor. In his wild, circuitous life he's compiled a trunk-full of anecdotes and chastened life lessons. With the help of co-writer Joseph Maddrey, he packed all of them into his autobiography, Not Bad For A Human. It lays bare his poverty-stricken youth and job-hustling acting career with a disarming lack of vanity and a rhythmic sense of cursing.
"'You know, Lance, you're not going to work much until you're older.' Why's that Charlie? 'Because you look funny." – Charles Durning to Henriksen, on the set of Dog Day Afternoon
Henriksen had a face he needed to grow into. His Easter Island head needed the ballast of sagging cheeks and the proliferating slashes of wrinkles to ease his transition from awkwardly handsome man to sage and unsettling elder. The transformation was complete with the addition of a cigarette-scarred rasp to his low rumble, able to modulate between wise or psychotic with the turn of a script page.
One of Henriksen's many forthright confessions is that he wouldn't be able to read those scripts until he was thirty. He was born in NYC on May 5th, 1940 to James Henriksen and Marguerite Healey. James was never around, and Marguerite worked waitressing jobs to keep her kids fed. She flailed for stability, with "great dreams for her life, but she had no education and she kept marrying men for the sake of being taken care of." She married five times. In between men there were financial troubles, and one way to make money was acting on television:
There was this talk show in New York where you'd go on the air and tell a bleeding heart story, and listeners would call in and make contributions. My mother got me on that show when I was a little kid, and we would tell these awful lies. It was like we were were a family of grifters…
Lance bounced between family members, but once his maternal grandmother Floss died, he had no reliable guardians to speak of. He ended up at an orphanage at Hastings-on-Hudson and, as Henriksen recounts:
They were impatient with me because I couldn't read. I was just a little kid, but they got me up in front of the class and I couldn't read, so they humiliated me. And that was the end of reading. I just thought, Fuck reading. in my heart, I just…turned it off. And school. Fuck school.
He worked as a shoeshine boy and lived on the streets of New York, only finding the sense of community he sought in the movies. His favorite at that time was Howard Hawks' Western The Big Sky (1952). The love between Kirk Douglas and Dewey Martin as they venture through the Grand Teton Mountains struck a chord with the lonely and adventurous Henriksen. When he watched it, he said he was a "Method movie viewer", bringing a "knapsack, a canteen, a frying pan…and what I thought was a sleeping bag…. I brought all the stuff into the theater with me…and I watched the movie maybe eight times. I'd fall asleep for a while and wake up and watch it some more."
After years of wandering, through San Francisco and a short stint in the Navy, he ended up in New York with a yen for acting. Still unable to read, he would have a friend recite his dialogue parts into a recorder, from which he would memorize lines. Eventually he taught himself to read, although he claims a nagging sense of inferiority at his lack of education throughout his career.
He was immediately drawn to the physicality of Method acting, and became a part of The Actors' Studio community, although he was never an official member. Henriksen says Lee Strasberg simply, "wasn't my kind of guy." He also rejected studying with Sandy Meisner, who asked him to quit acting for five years if he wanted him as a teacher. Henriksen didn't think he could afford to live under those circumstances and responded, "Yeah, okay, I'll do it…but if you fail me, I'm gonna kick your ass." Meisner declined to accept him as a student.
As with reading, Henriksen learned acting through osmosis and practice. His process was to immerse himself totally in his characters, building elaborate backstories not included in the script, and designing his own costumes and props that he would react to spontaneously in scenes. Inside of this invented world he would feel free to act instinctually instead of mechanically. Part of this process required playing his characters on and off set. When he was playing Wally Schirra in The Right Stuff, a good-hearted family kid, he went looking for his biological father and reunited him with his mother: "My mom really liked Wally. Here she had this son who was attentive to her, didn't swear around her, took her out to dinner…I think she wishes Wally would have stayed around!"
The impressive thing about Henriksen's ethic is that he applied it to every project, whether a prestige Hollywood item like The Right Stuff or a ridiculous action film like Stone Cold (1991). Henriksen has invented a useful vocabulary for the roles he would take on. There were the "fart-catcher" roles, which were essentially background players who would absorb the leads' precious gases. Then there were the "alimony films", which he took on after his two divorces, and the "jet-lag" gigs, for the low-budget Eastern European movies. For the latter, "I wouldn't even get an eight hour turn-around before I had to start reciting all this shit." The first of these was Antibody (2002), in which he plays an "FBI agent who gets injected into the bloodstream of a terrorist." Henriksen has an extraordinary ability to compartmentalize his performance from the films he appears in. His method allows him to act the movie he has constructed in his head, which the final product rarely lives up to.
Stone Cold falls outside these categories, one of the few films in which he had complete creative control. A vehicle for NFL bust Brian Bosworth, the creative chaos on the set allowed him to finally act without restrictions. The original director was fired and Craig R. Baxley was hired to replace him. He was dissatisfied with the dialogue for his character, the villain Chains Cooper, and requested he be able to improvise all of it. Baxley agreed and Henriksen, "got so deep into the role that I'd just say whatever came into my mind." He was given similar freedom on Jim Jarmusch's Dead Man, which along with Aliens is one of the few films worthy of his talents. He told Jarmusch that "I don't want to say one line that you've written for this character in the script. I want to improvise the whole thing". The director trusted him, although Lance's conviction went to frightening lengths. Jarmusch remembers:
He stayed in character a lot of the time, which was a little scary. Some actors can just walk off the set and become themselves again, but Lance puts so much of himself into a performance that it takes him a little while [to get out of character]. It's always percolating. And like all really fine actors, he doesn't act out the stuff; he reacts.
Henriksen is one of the great reactors of the cinema, even if the environment around him isn't worth reacting to. On my last trip home, my Dad was flipping through the channels and found the direct-to-video alimony film Sasquatch (aka The Untold, 2006). His first reaction was, "any movie with Lance Henriksen has got to be good." As I watched Lance on-screen, manfully staggering after a man in a rubber suit with wide-eyed desperation, grief over his daughter's death doubling the carved lines on his face, it was clear my Dad's dictum was correct. Lance Henriksen justifies the existence of any movie he appears in, however threadbare.
I'll leave him with the last word:
If I get another script that says "The Sasquatch looks around the tree", I'm going to go, "No way, leave me alone, man."
Posted in Action, BooksTagged Lance Henriksen, Not Bad For A Human
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text:
Climate Breakdown Rally - December 2018
[The following is a post by Hamilton 350 member Ute Schmid Jones that she originally put on Facebook.]
As COP 24 continues to unfold in Poland, more than 40 climate activists gathered in #Hamont in front of the office of Member of Parliament for Hamilton-West-Ancaster-Dundas to reinforce the pressure on our Federal Government to act with #GlobalResponsibility on our national commitment to reduce our carbon emissions.
The rally, was to coincide with Filomena Tassi's scheduled meeting with a local climate advisory committee, in order to put media pressure on the MP. Unfortunately the meeting was cancelled earlier this week and so the activists were not given a public statement on the outcome of that consultation and meeting.
Each rally participant was instead encouraged to fill out a "visitor" information document that described their reason for "visiting the MP's Office". It is hoped that not only will Tassi read each submitted document, but that she will also respond to each in a timely matter. It is after all, the eve of an election year, and these Canadians are making it clear that they want to see their locally elected representatives step up on #climateaction.
Thank you to each community member who came out to stand in the cold today. Thank you to those who spoke at the microphone with passion... you inspire me. Thank you to those who drove by our rally and honked in solidarity.
This series of photos opens with a video introduction by Don McLean, the current chair of Hamilton 350 and concludes with some words from Grant Linney, the current chair of Hamilton Blue Dot. We will continue to demand better from our elected representatives.
Hamilton 350
Stay tuned for the latest 350 news.
Like and follow us on Facebook or Twitter and never be out of the loop.


DIRECTIONS: From Creighton, NE go 2 miles west on Hwy 59 then 2 north on S54B spur, then 1 mile west on 874 Road.
Here is an opportunity to add a 160 acre combination farm to your operation. This property consists of approximately 105 acres of good producing cropland and approx. 52 acres of hay ground with the balance in trees. This property has great access. Hurry and call today as this one won't last for long!!


Celebrate Love Day with Goose Lane books!
Ah, Valentine's Day! The day of romance, love, passion, and all those other Hallmark Card-related, sitcom-enforced subjects! Love someone today, or else!
We kid, obviously. It's very pleasant indeed to take one day a year and devote it to love.
But love is a complicated topic, and not all love is love, if you take our meaning.
Then please take a perusal of this brief list of Goose Lane titles that explore all aspects of that mysterious, messy emotion we call 'love.' And when we say messy, we mean messy. After all, Douglas Glover is on the list twice.


requirement for power supply of vibration transducers with built-in electronics.
The accelerometers operate in wide temperature range. When temperature deviates from normal range, axial sensitivity and electric capacity of vibration transducers change. These changes are reversible and recover as the temperature level is restored.
The temperature dependencies of sensitivity and capacity typical for the accelerometer are shown below.
It is very difficult to determine sensitivity of accelerometers to magnetic fields precisely.
Magnetic susceptibility of the key construction materials plays the key role in determining sensitivity of the accelerometer to variable magnetic field. Therefore, the key construction elements of the vibration converters are made of non-ferromagnetic materials with magnetic susceptibility close to zero. Sensitivity of VS vibration transducers to variable magnetic field does not exceed 10-5 g/A·m-1, and its effect is noticeable only during the measurement of low level accelerations.
Acoustic sensitivity of accelerometers is a very complex task associated with exception of mechanical impact of acoustic field sources. To conduct such researches, acoustic chamber with high sound pressure level is used. The accelerometer under test is placed into such chamber. The device guarantees minimum transfer of mechanical force and mechanical fluctuations to the accelerometer inside of the chamber.
The electric signal generated by the accelerometer is amplified and formed by a corresponding preamplifier, and then sent to FFT spectrum analyzer. The sound field source is powered by the FFT spectrum analyzer generator. A linear-frequency-modulated signal, i.e. a sinusoidal signal with constantly increasing frequency, is set at the generator. Based on the frequency analysis of accelerometer signal (correlational and mutually spectral analysis with a programmable delay line), it is possible to identify components corresponding to acoustic effect on the accelerometer. The signal analysis uses the fact that speed of sound in the air and velocity of vibration spreading among the acoustic camera elements are different, and it means different delays of signals of different nature.
High pressure acoustic fields have insignificant impact on the output signal of VS vibration transducers. At sound pressure levels around 140 dB at 250 Hz, acoustic sensitivity of VS vibration transducers is deciles of "g".
During installation of vibration transducers on a surface heavily deforming during a blow or vibration, a spurious signal may appear due to transfer of deformation through the body base to the sensing element.
The VS vibration transducers have low deformation sensitivity, which does not exceed 5·10-4 300 g/m·µm at 300 µm/m deformation.
Transverse Sensitivity The transverse sensitivity of VS vibration transducers does not exceed 5% of axial sensitivity. Datasheet for each vibration transducer contains only a maximum value of the transverse sensitivity. To reduce impact of the transverse sensitivity on measurement results, it's required to align the expected direction of acceleration to operating axis of sensitivity of the vibration transducer. The optimal deviation from acceleration direction to the operating axis of sensitivity is within ±15°.
Dynamic bending, compression and stretch of coaxial cable can lead to local loose contact between shield and dielectric. The local changes of capacitance arising therefrom lead to spurious electric charge. This effect called triboelectric effect causes difficulties in researching mechanical fluctuation, especially those with small amplitudes.
Intensive electromagnetic interferences can cause spurious electric voltage in the form of noise overlaid on the signal.
Mechanical fluctuations of unreliably fixed connection cable can lead to undesirable effect of curving force on piezoelectric accelerometer cells connected to output jack and therefore to spurious electric signal. The interference is severe when using the accelerometers which contain piezoelectric cells operating at compression.
Application of special low noise coaxial cables minimizes triboelectric noise.
before the test (if possible), determine the signal level depending on triboelectricity in cable lines. The vibration transducer is a recording equipment that utilizes "background" communication lines during the tests (or background vibration transducers).
Measurement of accelerations by vibration transducers may be rather difficult due to electric loops caused by improper grounding of the object under test and matching equipment. At the same time, additional voltage which is added to the output signal of vibration transducer can significantly distort the measurement results at low levels of measured accelerations. Grounding of the object under test with installed vibration transducers and equipment in the same point is the necessary requirement to prevent ground loops. Grounding on recording equipment is preferable.
Figures: 1 — object under test; 2, 3 — matching and recording equipment; 4 — electrical insulation.
Dislocation of zero line in vibration transducers can take the form of dislocation of permanent component which returns to zero line exponentially.
The causes of zero line dislocation can include cable effect, improper ground of the object under test and recording equipment, as well as design features of vibration transducers.
The vibration transducers with sensing element working in shear are minimally affected by zero line dislocation and therefore surpass the vibration transducers with other structure.


Yeah, you read that title correctly. Apparently, for woman, according to pro-abortionists, being able to murder your unborn child is the most important right any woman could want/have and needs to be protected at all costs.
As we know, Texas is in the process of trying to pass a bill that would ban abortions after the pregnancy reached its 20th week. We now know without equivocation (scientifically) that unborn babies feel pain very early on. By the time the baby has reached the age of 20 weeks, it fully understands and reacts to the pain of being ripped apart in the womb and removed.
Twenty weeks is a long time. It's nearly five months of gestation. One hundred and fifty days the mother to be has had time to consider whether or not she wants to keep her unborn child. But this is not good enough for some – even though in my eyes and in the eyes of God it's still murder – who want absolutely no restrictions on abortion on demand.
Dana Kusnir is an abortion practitioner who would be affected by the new bill, likely meaning she would experience a loss of revenue because the new bill – if it became law – would mean fewer murders on demand. Kusnir has a unique way of describing the abortion itself. She says that "it is merely a gentle removing of the 'contents' of the uterus." Isn't that swell? Ripping the unborn child's arms, legs and head off from the rest of its body while in the womb is really only the "gentle" removal of "contents" from the uterus. She goes on to say, "We basically use a series of dilator rods and then we use a suction to gently remove the contents of the uterus." I see and what do these dilator rods do Dana? Oh, they separate limbs from the baby and then that is "gently" sucked out of the womb? Well, that makes murder so much better, doesn't it?
Kusnir's comments become even more remarkable. "This is why I went to medical school. I was a patient advocate at first in Ohio and I figured out how important it was to provide procedures." Patient advocate? Again, this disingenuous statement only affirms one patient, not the one who is going to be murdered. She's no more a patient advocate than Satan is God.
She also makes this asinine statement. "It is really a remarkable range, abortion transcends race and age." Yeah, it's remarkable that to be a murderer, race and age has nothing to do with it since it's all about money.
I guess my favorite comment from Kusnir is this one: "They are very brave, all of my patients." I'd say so, especially the ones who are being murdered and have absolutely no say in the matter. They have been given a death sentence by one woman (the mother) and normally, the father has nothing to say about it.
In this instance, "bravery" really means the height of self-centeredness. You know, when I stop to think of the millions upon millions of unborn babies that die a painfully brutal death that the mother grants permission, it is extremely difficult to comprehend.
I'm sure God weeps and the only saving grace, as far as I'm concerned, is that we will see billions of these children who were murdered in the womb in heaven. However, let's be clear. That does not excuse the fact that they were unceremoniously murdered by their own mothers.
Editor's Note: For those still not convinced it's murder and still cry "It's the woman's body and her right to choose" I suggest you click this link and tell me whose bodies are in these photos. They certainly aren't the mother's.


Whatever the occasion, these simple white bowls will add an air of elegance to your tableware. Mix and match with other colours for a striking effect. Whether you're serving up snacks, starters or a naughty-but-nice dessert, these bowls are perfect for presenting your party food!


text:
Q: Can I install created Java program on My PC? I want to use My Calculator app created in java On my PC How can I use that class file to install that calculator app on my PC?

A: You can create a Runable-Jar-File:
more about runable jar file
or create a bat-File:
more about but file

A: If you want to convert your .jar file into .exe
It will also create installer package of application.

A: If you have builded your program correctly. You can make easy script that launch your application.
MyCalculator.bat make it as new text document and save it like this.
YourPathToJavaExe/java.exe "Path/to/your/java/.class/MyCalculator.class"

Hope it works.
Mine is this.
C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\java.exe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package com.facebook.litho.stateupdates;

public abstract class TestEventListener {
  abstract void onTestEventCalled(int actualCount, int expectedValue);
}


text:
Finalists of Fresh Awards continue to innovate throughout uncertain conditions
Henderson Wholesale has announced 24 of Northern Ireland's top food suppliers and butchers as finalists in the Fresh Innovation Awards 2019, with organisers commending the companies for continuing to grow through uncertain conditions.
Now in its seventh year, the Fresh Innovation Awards are held by Henderson Wholesale on the penultimate day of the Balmoral Show, and reward the local farmers, growers and food companies which supply to their SPAR and EUROSPAR stores across NI.
Categories include Excellence in Product Innovation, Young Agri-food Innovator and Own Brand Product of the Year, all independently judged by a panel of business, food and agricultural experts who have noted the growth of the finalists through a challenging year.
Nigel Dugan, Trading Controller at Henderson Wholesale and Chair of the judging panel noted; "with the extreme uncertainty of whether or not we'd get a deal passed for Brexit, and in particular how this will impact the fresh foods industry here, it has been a challenging year for our local food companies.
"However, the contingencies and innovation that has been set in place by farmers, growers and suppliers in Northern Ireland knows no bounds and we've been very pleased to see the amount of growth experienced in the 2018/19 year of trading."
Established in 1897, Henderson Group has been working with local food producers across the island of Ireland since its inception, and more recently has set the standard for local sourcing here, partnering with both long-standing and new artisanal companies to produce meal solutions from locally sourced ingredients, farms and fields.
Now, Henderson Group, which owns the SPAR, EUROSPAR, VIVO, VIVOXTRA and VIVO Essentials brands in Northern Ireland, sources over 75% of its fresh produce on the island of Ireland. A figure that has not regressed since the outcome of the 2016 referendum.
Neal Kelly, Fresh Foods Director at Henderson Group added; "For decades, Henderson Wholesale has maximised local sourcing at every opportunity, but the uncertainty the Brexit process has brought the industry has made cause for scenario planning across the business, which includes our fresh food suppliers, to ensure as little disruption for them, our retailers and our shoppers as possible.
"We are looking forward to joining the agri-food and business community from across Ireland at this year's Balmoral Show, and honouring the innovative and steadfast achievements by our local suppliers, farmers and growers at the Fresh Innovation Awards for the seventh year."
The categories for the Henderson Wholesale Fresh Innovation Awards 2019 are; Own Brand Supplier of the Year, The Tomorrow Matters Award, Young Agri Food Innovator, Excellence in Regional Delivery, Excellence in Product Innovation, Overall Supplier of the Year and In-Store Butcher of the Year (full shortlist in notes to editors).
They have been expertly judged by food writer Sam Butler, Head of Food Technology at CAFRE, Joy Alexander; Irish News Business Editor Gary McDonald and Dr Lynsey Hollywood, Ulster University Business School's Agri-Food Business Development Centre Manager. Michele Shirlow MBE, CEO of Food NI also joins the panel for the first time.
The event will see the best in the business come together for the awards ceremony and breakfast at the Balmoral Show on Friday 17th May 2019.
SPAR NI goes the extra mile for Deep RiverRock Belfast City Marathon 2019
Double triumph for Henderson Group at Business Awards


text:
Q: YII2 Ошибка - The "id" configuration for the Application is required Пытаюсь начать использовать YII2 (после ASP.NET MVC дается сложно). Как я понимаю ошибка в config/web.php, но не пойму в чем дело, id ведь указан:
<?php
return [
    'id' => 'crmapp',
    'basePath' => realpath(__DIR__ . '/../'),
    'components' => [
        'request' => [
            'cookieValidationKey' => 'somekeyhere'
        ],
        'urlManager'=>[
            'enablePrettyUrl'=>true,
            'showScriptName'=>false
        ]
    ],
    'db'=> [
        require(__DIR__.'/db.php'),
    ]];

Полный текст ошибки:
Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'yii\base\InvalidConfigException' with message 'The "id" configuration for the Application is required.' in C:\xampp\htdocs\crmapp\vendor\yiisoft\yii2\base\Application.php:220 Stack trace: #0 C:\xampp\htdocs\crmapp\vendor\yiisoft\yii2\base\Application.php(202): yii\base\Application->preInit('C:\\xampp\\htdocs...') #1 C:\xampp\htdocs\crmapp\web\index.php(10): yii\base\Application->__construct('C:\\xampp\\htdocs...') #2 {main} thrown in C:\xampp\htdocs\crmapp\vendor\yiisoft\yii2\base\Application.php on line 220

Вот index.php
<?php
require(__DIR__.'/../vendor/yiisoft/yii2/Yii.php');
$config = (__DIR__.'/../config/web.php');
(new yii\web\Application($config))->run();

Полный путь к приложению c:\xampp\htdocs\crmapp\
Вот так выглядит приложение.

A: Расположение файлов имеет логическую ошибку. В папке web нельзя хранить конфиг. К этой папке есть доступ из сети и ваши конфиги может увидеть любобй посетитель. Их нужно хранить на уровень выше. Там же, где и папка vendor.
Для вашего случая в файле index.php так же имеем ошибку. Неправильно указаны маршруты. Должно быть так:
<?php
    require(__DIR__.'/../vendor/yiisoft/yii2/Yii.php');
    $config = (__DIR__.'/config/web.php');
    (new yii\web\Application($config))->run();

Меняйте источник информации, ваш оставляет сомнения в компетенции.


One of the hardest things to do is sell yourself or give yourself a positive review. What would a letter of recommendation for yourself look like? It's hard to do properly, and can be a deal breaker for online legal marketing or Yellow Pages law firm advertisements.
Get their attention. How you do that should fit with the personality of your firm and what kind of clients you're looking to work with.
Get them interested in what you have to say. Start a conversation through the ad that they'll want to continue by contacting your law firm. Give them a little teaser of who you are and what you offer.
Imagine you're trying to get them to read a newspaper article. Would your headline pull them in or would they move on to the sports page?
Talk about yourself. You can bring up qualifications later, but that's not what will pull them in.
Put your name, your law firm name, or one of your practice areas as the headline. They don't want to hear about you yet and a practice area isn't interesting. Give them something they want, like a teaser about information they're looking for.
Make an ad that looks like the others. Cover up the names or law firms of ads in the Yellow Pages and notice that a majority of them are basically interchangeable. Don't fall into that.
If you have further questions about what a superior marketing headline should look like, contact an experienced marketing expert who has the answers. Ben Glass of Great Legal Marketing has been helping law firms find success through marketing for years, and he can help you. You can also order a free chapter from his book online.


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LISTEN: David Miliband Doesn't Rule Out Westminster Return https://order-order.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Miliband.mp3
The moment nobody's been waiting for may soon be upon us. Speaking to Andrew Marr on LBC last night, David Miliband couldn't deny his intentions to make a political comeback.
MARR: I'm putting it to you that you will be back in Parliament by the time of the next election.
MILIBAND: Well, erm (SPLUTTERS) that's NOT been decided.
As Andrew Marr concluded, "He didn't say No."
What with Labour's position in the polls, Miliband has certainly picked his moment. Brother Ed must be delighted…
mdi-timer 29 November 2022 @ 10:15 29 Nov 2022 @ 10:15 mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-comment View Comments Mandelson: Momentum are Worse than Putin
Peter Mandelson recounts his dealings with Putin to Andrew Marr…
Peter Mandelson: He once turned to me and said, you know you are a very, very unpleasant person, Mr. Mandelson, and you're obviously determined to inflict great harm on Russia, which we reject. All I was doing was negotiating a trade agreement.
Marr: I've had worse from Momentum.
Peter Mandelson: I've had since worse from Momentum. But he's, he will just sort of make you feel you'll try and put you onto the backfoot and make you feel uncomfortable. He will try to show you up in front of your colleagues. He will make you out to be, you know, the, you know, the last remaining obstacles in what could be a marvellous agreement. He will try everything.
mdi-timer 27 April 2022 @ 09:58 27 Apr 2022 @ 09:58 mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-comment View Comments
LBC Confirms New Weekday Marr Show, Rob Burley Editor
Following Tuesday's surprising announcement that Emily Maitlis and Jon Sopel were leaving the BBC to join LBC, the station has now revealed what's in store for its other big signing: Tonight with Andrew Marr will air Monday to Thursday from 6pm to 7pm, with the first show set for 7th March. Global also announced ex-BBC politics editor Rob Burley will re-join Marr as his Executive Editor, confirming Guido's scoop from January…
Speaking this morning, Marr said:
"I've always thought journalism is about breaking stories, ruffling feathers and having some fun on the way. My new LBC show, Tonight with Andrew Marr is perfectly timed at 6pm, the end of busy political days, and stuffed with great guests, and will do just that. Anyone wanting bland, safe, wearily predictable journalism is strongly advised to look elsewhere."
Still no announcements made yet on who will permanently fill Marr's old Sunday morning slot at the BBC…
mdi-timer 24 February 2022 @ 11:38 24 Feb 2022 @ 11:38 mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-comment View Comments Marr Signs Off: "You Stay Classy, San Diego"
Andrew Marr: This Is Your Life
mdi-timer 19 December 2021 @ 09:49 19 Dec 2021 @ 09:49 mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-comment View Comments New Statesman Editor Says He's Finally Hired a Big Hitter
New Statesman editor Jason Cowley on hiring Andrew Marr…
"For the first time I feel a bit like a football manager who now has a transfer budget, I can actually start to bring in some big hitters and more experience and I'm delighted to be able to do that."
mdi-timer 1 December 2021 @ 13:25 1 Dec 2021 @ 13:25 mdi-twitter mdi-facebook mdi-whatsapp mdi-telegram mdi-linkedin mdi-email mdi-comment View Comments Previous Page Next Page


Shel Silverstein, the New York Times bestselling author of The Giving Tree, A Light in the Attic, Falling Up, and Every Thing On It, has created a poetry collection that is outrageously funny and deeply profound. Come in . . . for where the sidewalk ends, Shel Silverstein's world begins.
You'll meet a boy who turns into a TV set, and a girl who eats a whale. The Unicorn and the Bloath live there, and so does Sarah Cynthia Sylvia Stout who will not take the garbage out. It is a place where you wash your shadow and plant diamond gardens, a place where shoes fly, sisters are auctioned off, and crocodiles go to the dentist.
Shel Silverstein's masterful collection of poems and drawings stretches the bounds of imagination and will be cherished by readers of all ages. This is a collection that belongs on everyone's bookshelf. Makes a great gift for special occasions such as holidays, birthdays, and graduation.
And don't miss Runny Babbit Returns, the new book by Shel Silverstein!
Shel Silverstein 's incomparable career as a bestselling children's book author and illustrator began with Lafcadio, the Lion Who Shot Back. He is also the creator of picture books including A Giraffe and a Half, Who Wants a Cheap Rhinoceros?, The Missing Piece, The Missing Piece Meets the Big O, and the perennial favorite The Giving Tree, as well as classic poetry collections such as Where the Sidewalk Ends, A Light in the Attic, Every Thing On It, Don't Bump the Glump!, and Runny Babbit.


Geeft HID input weer van aangesloten apparaten.
SimpleHIDWrite is a tool to handle any HID device.
It is intended to aid in the development of HID devices or exploring unknown HID devices.
Knowledge of HID and USB is required to understand the program.
In the upper list box it presents the currently available HID devices. Select one to work with it.
A selected device is permanently read and all received reports are shown in the log.
The lower list box shows a log of the events happening.
"Info" shows a dialog with details about the selected device.
"Save As…" saves the log to a text file.
"Playback…" allows to play back a saved log. Only device selections and actions which write to the device are executed.
If you doubleclick an entry in the log list box it is executed if possible.
"Clear" simply clears the log list box.
The buttons of the lower row are only enabled if a device is selected.
"Write" enabled if the device declares an output report and can be written.
"Get Report" and "Set Report" are disabled for Windows 98 because the HID API does not support these calls for Windows 98.
"Get Feature" and "Set Feature" are enabled if the device declares a feature report.
The report to be written is entered in hex digits in the edit boxes.
Empty edit boxes are automatically filled with "00".


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Bauhaus Center Gallery: Exhibitions (free entry)
The Bauhaus Center Gallery develops and hosts changing exhibitions about Bauhaus architecture and design, the city of Tel Aviv and contemporary art, design and architecture. Our exhibitions travel, and they have been shown in Berlin, Frankfurt, Delft (NL), London and many more places.
Many of our Bauhaus Center exhibitions are shown in museums and educational institutions around the world, including Berlin, Frankfurt, Delft and London. More information about our exhibitions for rent can be found here >>
Showing now | Architecture Moderne: Mumbai and Tel-Aviv – exhibition extended until 10.2.23
A new exhibition celebrating 30 years of friendship between India and Israel
How is it that two cities, which lay 4,000 km apart – share surprising similarities?
This new exhibition addresses this question with a fascinating combination of striking photographs and introductory texts.
In the 1930's, a new architectural development took place both in Tel Aviv and Mumbai. The urban image of the city transformed into a modernist weave of new city fabric, with neatly laid out plots, uniform footprints and building heights, punctuated by skyline dominating facades of new building typologies.
This exhibition is a way of acknowledging the sorority of cities that shared an architecture of self-similarity, Art Deco in Mumbai and the Bauhaus Style in Tel Aviv. These are evident in cinemas, residential buildings, sacred spaces and more.
Open Call | White City Night
Open Call: Art Exhibition at the Bauhaus Center
"White City Nights"
Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv invites artists, illustrators and designers to participate
in an art exhibition dedicated to Nights in the White City of Tel Aviv.
Open Call deadline is 31.01.23
To see more detials press this link – Click Me
Sunday–Thursday
77 Dizengoff st.
Tel Aviv, 6433249
Phone: (+972)3-522-0249
E-mail: info@bauhaus-center.com
Archive | Future, Current and Past Exhibitions
Bruno Taut, Architect: Master Of Colourful Architecture In Berlin
Category : 2013, Documentary
Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv and Goethe Institut Israel cordially invite you to the opening of the exhibition. The exhibition opens...
Stefan Boness: "Tel Aviv – The White City"
Due to its more than 4,000 white Bauhaus buildings, Tel Aviv is often called ʻThe White City'. The city centre,...
Sand And Splendor. Eclectic Style Architecture In Tel-Aviv.
Category : 2013, Architecture, Photography
An interesting phenomenon can be observed in the older neighborhoods of Tel Aviv: Though the city is almost totally identified...
Sali Ariel: "Tel Aviv Paintings – The City That Never Sleeps Awakens From The War"
Category : 2012, Paintings
The Tel Aviv of these paintings represents both the dreams and the accomplishments of the early founders of the city,...
Ilana Teman: "Urban Fantasy"
Category : 2012
Ilana Teman's fantastic suspended towers soar to the heavens, expressing a futuristic vision which is starting to come true. The...
Serge Mendjisky: "Paris Discovers Tel Aviv"
Serge Mendjisky is an international artist with representations in more than 25 museums and collections worldwide (Aga Khan, N. Rockefeller,...
Prague Functionalism. Tradition And Contemporary Echoes
Purism, Constructivism, Rationalism, or Functionalism—these are terms seeking to give a name to various aspects of the notable phenomenon that...
Brno — The City Of Bauhaus Spirit
Category : 2012, Architecture
Exhibition presenting the most important sites of the functionalist architecture of the City of Brno — villa Tugendhat and villa...
Contemporary Architecture: Tel-Aviv And Area
This exhibition shows modern architecture from the 2000s in Tel-Aviv and surroundings. The 11 examples represent public buildings with an...
Jewish Monuments In The Central Bohemia Region
Category : 2011, Architecture, Documentary, Photography
Since the Middle Ages, Jews have been actively involved in the culture of Europe. In addition to Prague, they settled...
The photography of Gennady Meergus is long time known to American, European and Russian viewers. Merrgus lives in Israel. The...
A Gift To Birobidjan: Chicago, 1937
Category : 2011, Woodwork
This exhibition is an attempt to reconstruct the days of despair and hope in Chicago of 1937. It explores the...
Seaside Tel-Aviv
The exhibition "Seaside Tel-Aviv" showed new works by Stacey Piltzer, urban planner and painter.
Jewish Architects In Prague 1900-1938
Category : 2010, Architecture, Documentary
Prague has been a major European metropolis since the late 19th century. After Czechoslovakia was established as an independent state...
Tel Aviv Rendez-Vous
Showing the works of photographer Nellu Cohn and artist Mikael Haziot.
Urban Narratives. Paintings By Emmanuel Piperno
Category : 2010, Architecture, Paintings
"Born in 1960, graduate from a visual and plastic arts university, Emmanuel Laurent Piperno has first started his career and...
Dizengoff Circle At Eye Level
In this exhibition 10 alternative plans for the renovation of the ruined Dizengoff Circle are presented.
Original Old Israeli Posters
Category : 2010, Prints & Posters
This colourful exhibition shows posters from pioneers of advertising art in Israel. From January 2010 until mid March 2010 on...
Wilhelm Ze'ev Haller – Modern Architecture from Leipzig to Tel Aviv
Category : 2009, Architecture, Drawings & Illustrations, Exhibition For Rent, Photography
The work of the architect Wilhelm Haller (1884-1956) has largely fallen into oblivion. From 1911 to 1933 he operated in...
Lotte Cohn: Pioneer Women Architect in Israel
Category : 2009, Architecture, Exhibition For Rent
Lotte Cohn (1893-1983) actively made her country's building history, Eretz Israel, over nearly half a century, something unparalleled by any...
The exhibition documented the life and urban structure of the city of Odessa 100 years ago. The municipality of Odessa...
Bauhaus In Birobidzhan
The city of Birobidzhan was established in 1928 in the far east of the USSR for the development of a...
Acrylic Paintings On Canvas By The Architect And Painter Rodica Rabinovici
These paintings are the expression of the painter's feelings for the surroundings in which she lives and creates beautiful Bauhaus...
Tel Aviv Height, Peter Moger
Peter Moger describes Tel Aviv in black and white photographs. As a photographer and a technician, Moger has a unique...
Josef Tischler
An exhibition and a book dedicated to the work of architect Josef Tischler. Both are a remarkable contributions to understanding...
Tel Aviv – Dream And Reality, By Dan Raz
Dan Raz held the position of Tel Aviv District Planner between the years 1990 and 1995. His experience within those...
Dog Days In The City By Sali Ariel
Sali Ariel is an Israeli painter who studied at Washington University and Copper Union. She was born in the United...
Bauhaus Plus, Arie Sabinsky
In memory of Arie Sabinsky. Date: June 2007
The exhibition deals with the modern architecture in Asmara, Eritrea's capital—an architectural heritage left there by Italian regime in the...
Tel Aviv – A Personal Perspective, Ruth Stein
Ruth Stein has been living in the heart of Tel Aviv since 1969. She spends her days absorbing the life...
The City In Hues, Marina Gal
Marina Gal photographs Tel Aviv from a personal point of view. She focuses on the elements that make the city...
Kiosks are an inseparable part of the Tel Aviv landscape. Often, they are overlooked as an element of city life....


With the objective of establishing Leica's S-System in the relevant set of professional photographers and convincing them of the brand's high quality standards, the second issue of the Leica S-Magazine is dedicated to the versatility of the camera on location and in the studio. Impressive nature landscapes and metropolises serve as settings for appealing photo series. With its elaborate design and excellent quality of print and production, the Magazine reflects the high-grade brand identity and, just like the camera itself, leaves its mark and ups the ante.


Tulip bulbs are very easy to grow and look fabulous planted in large groups in borders or in containers on the patio. They boast superb weather resistance and will come back year after year. With a wide range of colours and flower forms, there's something for every garden. Tulip flowers are edible too - read our edible flowers guide for more information.
Fill your garden with colour with our range of beautiful tulips, in a variety of shades and shapes. The perfect partner to daffodils, growing flowers from bulb is an easy and rewarding way to inject life into your flower beds and containers.


This is the final part of the Natural Gas Boom series. The first post described fracking and the actions taken in NC regarding it. The second post discussed my own personal opinions on the matter. This post summarizes the Aperture cinema movie "Split Estate" and the presentation that followed. When a friend asked, "Will the film be biased," I didn't want to give a resounding yes. So instead I said, 'I don't know, but I can tell you it is sponsored by Clean Water for North Carolina.' This pretty much gave the answer since organizations typically have to be extremely biased and use strong wording to get through to a society that is largely apathetic. I felt that my opinions on fracking expressed in the last post took both sides in to reasonably consideration. Despite the tendency for organizations to come off sounding extremist we both, Clean Water for NC and myself, essentially came to similar centrist conclusions; that there is no need to rush to action when so much risk is involved.
A split estate situation occurs because land is treated differently than the subsurface resources. When you purchase your property, your mortgage may or may not include the resources below the land. D.R. Horton made national news when they sold property to individuals that excluded the mineral rights. They then sold those to interested companies. They returned the rights to the property owners as pressure built against them. People that own both may set up a contract with companies to sell or lease the mineral rights.
Throughout the film are several instances of oil execs denying that their practices caused any harm and then you see all the harm that it actually did cause. Rivers look carbonated with all the gas coming from under the ground. In areas where the bubbles come up, holding a match close by resulted in a localized, small explosion. Contaminated water supplies led to several diseases. Some families simply resolved to not drink the water. However, breathing VOC's (Volatile Organic Compounds) while taking showers is actually just as bad, if not worse, as drinking it. It would be difficult to get treatment for the different symptoms because each company's fracking fluid is considered proprietary information, and thus people cannot know what chemical is actually poisoning them.
Another frequent theme is that the companies would not offer to help without significant legal threat and would provide contracts heavily worded in their own favor. A family that lived down wind of several of the drilling platforms had to move from their home. Several people ended up having the platforms placed only a little more that 100 feet from their homes.
There were also several good gotcha moments when high level corporate execs were caught lying, denying, or (to avoid libel) were just ignorant of their products. For instance, one would say all that is in our product is water, sand, and wood pulp. That certainly sounds proprietary. Then there is a long list that shows over 200 ingredients that constitute the fluid, many of which are known to have serious negative health impacts.
The movie below comes straight from Clean Water for NC's website. It does a great job of quickly summarizing their stance on the issue.
The images below depict where fracking could take place. Comparing the two images goes back to my last post about prioritizing when and where fracking should take place. It does not seem like there should be a need to immediately start fracking in NC when there are large swaths of land that could be utilized first that would pose much less risk.
Locations in North Carolina where Drilling would Take Place.
I attended the movie/presentation and was actually able to get some of my friends to attend. I was shocked cause it seems few people ever want to get involved in anything. I have some questions and I would like to include the answers in my next blog post. My blog is The Techno Post. If you have any comments you would like to include regarding my last posts feel free to include. I'm interested to hear. Really, feel free to add any comments, post related or not. Thank you for taking time to answer my questions.
Hi, Justin! It was great to meet you.Thanks for your thorough list of questions and for sending us the link to your blog. I'll look forward to following it!
I've included some brief responses in blue below. I hope it will be helpful. The attached power point presentation has a lot of good information, though I didn't have the time to present it on Thursday. You can find a lot of links on the subject on our Fracking Resources Page for further information, too!
Me: 1. The response of my friends after the movie was that it was a little extreme. Numbers are frequently used that either scare people or do not mean anything too them. I find percentages help convey meaning better. Do you have any percentages that could be used to indicate the scale of the problem? For instance, % of wells that have caused environmental issues. % of land area utilized by fracking companies that has been negatively impacted. % of water supplies contaminated. A website with heat maps would also be a good way to show this sort of info if you know any good links.
Katie: The film, released in 2009, relies on personal resident stories, many of which are worst-case scenarios, for two reasons - documentarians favor this kind of storytelling, but also, as of 2009 there were no comprehensive studies of environmental and health impacts. In fact, there STILL isn't this kind of information...since the gas industry is exempt from many environmental laws data just hasn't been collected on these impacts through time. State reporting requirements vary widely. I would check out this article from ProPublica for more information, and there is definitely more peer-reviewed research out there now than there was in 2009 (check our website) but in summary I think you're hitting on one of the biggest problems with this industry - we just DON'T have enough information or data on how widespread the threat is yet.
Me: 2. One of the conclusions in the movie was that companies can incorporate new clean technologies to minimize their impact and harm. Do you have any comment on that? Would you be more inclined to be for fracking in NC if you knew those measures were put in place?
Katie: Short answer: potentially, but CWFNC and our community partners have little to no expectation that those kinds of technologies will be perfected, tested, and proven without a doubt to be safe for communities on a short-term time scale. However, NC is considering legalizing fracking in the very short term, which is why we have been encouraging a very slow, cautious approach to removing our state's protections from fracking. See CWFNC's Board's statement on hydraulic fracturing.
Me: 3. A frequent comment is that it is worth the risk to answer our energy issues. I know you touched on this topic in your presentation. Please go over this and include any links for people interested in making their homes more efficient. Are there any NC initiatives or incentives for this?
Katie: Yes! Please check out NC SAVE$ ENERGY, a campaign to create a statewide, independently administered energy efficiency program that would weatherize homes and other buildings. Specifically, take a look at the report at the top of this page which shows how other states have used similar programs successfully.
Me: 4. It was mentioned that energy costs would not necessarily be reduced because oil and natural gas resources frequently get exported to maximize profits. I thought there was more of an issue exporting natural gas. I don't want to say this made fracking for natural gas more appealing, but rather that it would better address the cost of energy in the US. This topic is unclear to me. Could you explain and/or offer links to help?
Katie: I'd start by reading this article from February. Of course, transporting natural gas in itself is a risky process! My understanding is that we're producing so much of it right now that this has led the administration to want to export a lot of it.
Me: 5. I have heard a variety of claims that try to say fracking is not the problem, it is the other processes involved that cause the harm. One version of this is that it is not the cracks that form that contaminate water sources but rather equipment at the surface failing that cause the contamination. Another version of this says that it is a problem with storing the fracking fluid that is at issue. Too me, saying a part of the process of fracking is a problem is the same as saying fracking itself is a problem. Do you have any information on where the issues actually are? How frequent the different processes actually do fail?
Katie: I think when a lot of people use the term "fracking," they often are really speaking about the whole process: fracturing, horizontal drilling, injection, the equipment used...it's definitely confusing, but I think you're right that various components of the overall process are more problematic than others. We've heard a lot about poor well installations and failed casings. There are a few slides on the specific failures in the attached powerpoint.
Me: 6. The defense of the earthquakes that result is that they are so micro scale that no one even feels them. Is there any evidence of this? Have people reported feeling earthquakes that were likely caused by fracking? Do you think, or do you know other professional organizations that think, there is potential for larger ones.
Katie: Here's an article about the 4.0-scale quake in Ohio, which was stronger than previous ones in Ohio (these were caused not by fracking but by injection of fracking waste for disposal). There is currently some seismic testing going on in various states. As to whether quakes could be bigger, I can't speak to that, but you may be able to find some resources from geology experts. I personally don't think about earthquakes as one of the more serious threats currently, but it also depends what is nearby the fracking operations - for example, nuclear facilities or other facilities that could have huge impacts if a quake hit them.
Me: 7. In terms of producing energy efficiently and cleanly, natural gas wins out over coal. Are there any estimations about how many coal plants would be displaced by introducing locally acquired natural gas?
Katie: Here's an article on why natural gas won't really address climate change any better than other fossil fuel products. I am not aware of any such projections but the information may be out there, however, as it's currently done natural gas is not being used locally where it's drilled, but being transferred to other regions via pipelines. That's my own understanding, anyway.
Me: 8. I recently read that in India there is a project underway to mount solar panels over lakes and reservoirs to prevent evaporation. Here is a link discussing what I described. Would NC ever do anything like this to help with water shortages and energy supplies?
Katie: Wow, how interesting, I hadn't heard of that! I can't speak to what NC might do in the future, but new and creative ideas to address our water and energy problems are definitely going to be important.
That concludes the Natural Gas Boom series. The different presentations shown here and on the links Katie provided list a great amount of information, but here are some of the highlights.
DUKE University gets recognition for being the first major study to conclusively link the methane in drinking water wells to fracking operations.
Conclusion stated, "can be done safely, with the right protections in place."
Notes lack of info on recoverable gas, water supply, air emissions, health effects, wastewater handling; only mentions NC's shallow shales, no details of similar shallow shale cases.
Given a best case scenario only 350 jobs would be created for around a 7 year period. Most of the workers for these jobs would be trained out of state workers that move in temporarily.
Final report is due May 1.
Sign up for Clean Water for NC's "Frack Updates".
Call or write your state representative and the Governor and ask them to go slow on fracking.
Approach your city and county officials about passing a resolution against fracking. (Contact hope@cwfnc.org for a sample resolution).
Become a member of Clean Water for NC. Your donation in any amount makes it possible for us to sustain this work. Donation info can be found here.


Center Park Homes feels there is no place quite like home. Whether you're looking to build a new home from one of our many plans or chose to buy a move in ready home, allow us to guide you through this exciting process. Building your own home gives you full control over every detail, big and small. Everything from the flooring to cabinets is up to you. However, a buyer of a move in ready home can also add personalized touches, like wall color, appliances and fixtures. The benefit of a move in ready home is that you don't have to worry about all the details that come with building a house. Both are great options, it truly depends on what's important to you and your family.
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A fashion accessory is an item which is used to contribute, in a secondary manner, to the wearer's outfit. The term came into use in the 19th century. Accessories are often used to complete an outfit and are chosen to specifically complement the wearer's look. In Victorian fashion accessories such as fans, parasols and gloves held significance for how women experienced gender, race and class. In this era, there was a trend for women to adopt, or aspire to, a more leisurely lifestyle. Consequently gloves were often used by women to cover their hands and mask any signs of labor.
Tibetan style handbag with color, sparkles, sequins, and a great look. Embroideries all around..
Beautifully crafted handbag roomy enough to serve as an overnight bag, and beautiful enough to make ..


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← Rihanna – 'Te Amo'
The-Dream Announces His Retirement →
Rest In Peace: Gary Coleman & Dennis Hopper
After being admitted to a hospital on Wednesday for a head injury from a fall, Gary Coleman died on Friday. His wife, Shannon Price and her father were at the hospital with him.
Coleman, 42, became a star after "Diff'rent Strokes" debuted in 1978. In the show he was the younger brother of the two African-Americans which were adopted by a wealthy white man. When the showed ended after six seasons on NBC and two on ABC, his popularity faded. In recent years he had a lot of legal problems and also ill health from a kidney disease which was also the reason for his stunted growth.
His mother, Edmonia Sue Coleman according to a 1979 Los Angeles Times profile, said that her son had always been a ham as a small child. Along with this natural comedic nature he also had a unbelievable power of concentration that helped him to remember everything so much that at ten years old he learned and remembered his lines easily.
"Avenue Q," which won the Tony Award for best musical in 2004 has also included a character called Gary Coleman since its debut. The character in the musical identifies himself as a former child star who "made a lot of money that got stolen by my folks." The show's creative team stayed in contact in the days between Mr. Coleman's hospitalization and his death.
Coleman was born near Chicago on Feb. 8, 1968. His kidney disease was diagnosed when he was 2 and he underwent his first transplant at five years old.
Dennis Hopper, the hard-living Hollywood icon who directed and starred in the classic "Easy Rider" before sobering up for an acclaimed second act in a remarkable career, died Saturday.
The actor, whose critically-hailed performances dated back to "Rebel Without A Cause" opposite mentor James Dean, died of complications from prostate cancer at his Venice, Calif., home.
He was 74. Hopper – who was in the middle of a contentious divorce with his fifth wife – was surrounded by family and friends, according to Reuters.
Hopper earned a pair of Oscar nominations that reflected his wildly disparate talents: the first for co-writing 1969's cult classic "Easy Rider," and the second for his portrayal of an alcoholic hoops coach in "Hoosiers" nearly two decades later.
The latter role came after Hopper, one of Hollywood's most unremitting drug and alcohol abusers, beat his addictions and restarted his career – including roles in the quirky "Blue Velvet" and the big budget "Speed."
Hopper co-wrote "Easy Rider" with co-star Peter Fonda and Terry Southern, creating a low-budget biker flick that become a blockbuster.
The movie also starred an unknown Jack Nicholson as a hard-drinking attorney. Across his five-decade career, Hopper also starred in Francis Ford Coppola's "Apocalypse Now" as a demented photographer and in "Giant" opposite Dean.
He directed the Los Angeles gang movie "Colors," starring Robert Duvall and Sean Penn – who was so impressed that he later named his son Hopper.
The veteran actor first fell ill last September, but continued working on the cable television program "Crash" despite the cancer.
The counterculture hero received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame just two months ago.
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Tagged as Rest In Peace: Gary Coleman & Dennis Hopper