text:
International TreatiesToggle Dropdown
Travaux Préparatoires
Courts and Tribunals
State Treatment of International Law
Research Aids
Accidental Tourist on the New Frontier: An Introductory Guide to Global Legal Research by Jeanne Rehberg & Radu D Popa
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library Reference Collection KB 15 A17
This book is a basic guide to foreign, comparative, and international law research for the non-specialist.
Brownlie's Principles of Public International Law by Ian Brownlie & James Crawford
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library Reserve Collection JX 3091 B88 2012
Principles of Public International Law was the first textbook to cover the important subject of human rights and to place the subject in relation to general international law. It continues to be one of the leading textbooks on public international law.
Public International Law by John Currie
Call Number: JX 3091 C971 2008
Public International Law provides a systematic introduction to the international legal system, including its key structural and institutional aspects as well as its core substantive topics. Analysis of all topics has been extensively revised and expanded since the first edition in order to reflect the many legal changes that have occurred since 2001. Several new discussions have also been introduced, considerably expanding the substantive coverage of the text. In particular, given the centrality of the topic to the functioning of the modern international legal system, an entirely new chapter on the use of force in international relations has been added.
International Law, Chiefly as Interpreted and Applied in Canada by Hugh M. Kindred and Phillip M. Saunders
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library JX 3091 C34 2014
International Law Chiefly as Interpreted and Applied in Canada, 8th Edition emphasizes the experience and practice of international law from a Canadian perspective both domestically and in foreign relations. A publication of long-standing quality and distinguished reputation, this seminal text has been repeatedly cited as an authority in the Supreme Court of Canada and lower courts for decades. It delivers a comprehensive overview of the foundational concepts, principles, sources, and institutions of the international legal system, and examines specific subject areas of importance in the world today.
International Law by Malcolm N. Shaw
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library Reserve Collection JX 3091 S53 2017
International Law is the definitive and authoritative text on the subject. It has long been established as a leading authority in the field, offering an unbeatable combination of clarity of expression and academic rigour, ensuring understanding and analysis in an engaging and authoritative style. Explaining the leading rules, practice and caselaw, this treatise retains and develops the detailed referencing which encourages and assists the reader in further study. This new edition has been fully updated to reflect recent developments. In particular, it has expanded the treatment of space law and of international economic law, and introduced new sections on cyber operations and cyber warfare, as well as reflecting the Covid-19 crisis. Both clarifying fundamental principles and facilitating additional research, International Law is invaluable for students and for those occupied in private practice, governmental service and international organisations.
An Introduction to International Law by Mark W. Janis
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library JX 3091 J331 2003
Regarded for its clear and straightforward presentation of the basics of International Law, this paperback familiarizes students with fundamental concepts and issues." "New material in the Fourth Edition reflects significant developments: coverage of September 11 and its implications, including the rules of engagement when the "enemy" is a non-state actor, such as Al Qaeda, and coalition building in the war on terrorism; the International Criminal Court (ICC); and the growing importance of "soft law" and non-state actors, as demonstrated by public-interest participation and scientific consensus in the development of treaties and policy.
Guide to Foreign and International Legal Citations by New York University School of Law Staff
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library K 14.3 G94
Created by the Journal of International Law and Politics at New York University, the Guide to Foreign and International Legal Citations is the most comprehensive source for international citations rules. Including 45 country citation systems, as well as citation rules for international organizations, tribunals, and treaties, the updated Second Edition offers updated and expanded coverage.
The Manual on International Courts and Tribunals by Ruth Mackenzie, Cesare Romano, Philippe Sands, & Yuval Shany
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library JX 1971 M29
The dramatic rise in the number of international courts and tribunals and the expansion of their legal powers has been one of the most significant developments in international law of the late 20th century. The emergence of an international judiciary provided international law with a stronger than ever law enforcement apparatus, and facilitated the transformation of many aspects of international relations from being power-based to being law-based. The first edition of the Manual on International Courts and Tribunals, published in 1999, was the first book to survey systematically this new institutional landscape, by describing in an accessible and uniformly structured manner the legal powers and operating procedures of all major international judicial and quasi-judicial bodies. In doing so, it laid the groundwork for comparative study and research of the law and practice of international courts and tribunals - an emerging field of international legal research, which has already spurred a series of publications, conferences and academic courses. This second edition updates the first edition by describing the many legal changes that have taken place in the last decade, including important reforms in the laws and procedures of many international courts and tribunals, relevant developments in their increasingly rich jurisprudence and the creation of new judicial fora. Moreover, it assesses the overall record of these judicial bodies. The data and legal analysis offered in the book provide both practitioners and academics with an important basis of knowledge that will help them better understand the details of international adjudication and its context.
International Courts and Tribunals, Selected Documents and Materials by Cecile Hoitink & Willem-Jan Van der Wolf, editors
Call Number: JX 1971 I613 2011
This book provides a practical and comprehensive overview of the law and practice of all international courts and tribunals and a uniform and systemic presentation of all the relevant information for each court and tribunal. Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the development and use of international law. The rise in the number of international courts and tribunals, and the enlargement of their legal powers, has been one of the most important developments in international law. The emergence of an international judiciary has provided international law with stronger-than-ever enforcement institutes and facilitated the transformation of many aspects of international relations.
International Legal Materials by American Society of International Law
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library JX 68 I611 and online via NovaNet
International Legal Materials (ILM) is a publication of the American Society of International Law that reproduces primary international legal documents reflecting the broad scope and evolution of international law. ILM serves as a widely recognized archive of international law documents for a diverse, global community of legal scholars, government officials, private practitioners, and institutions with a common interest in international law. ILM is prepared with the advice of an Editorial Advisory Committee and the assistance of Corresponding Editors around the world, who devote their time and expertise to selecting the most significant materials for publication in ILM. Each primary document is prefaced with an introductory note, written by legal experts, that summarizes the document and provides insight on its significance in the field of international law.
International Information: Documents, Publications, and Electronic Information of International Governmental Organizations by Peter I Hajnal
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library JX 1995 I612 1997
Publications of international governmental organizations (IGOs) are among the most difficult documents for librarians to acquire, organize, and use. This revised work examines the documentation, publications, and computerized information services of major IGOs, such as the United Nations, the European Union, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the League of Nations, the International Development Research Center, and the G-7. Special attention is given to the consequences of recent institutional restructuring and retrenchment. The book covers institutions, resources, and processes.
Guide to International Legal Research by George Washington Journal of International Law and Economics
Call Number: DAL Dunn Law Library Reference Collection JX 1297 G94 1998
The Guide to International Legal Research is an authoritative and comprehensive reference tool for law students and practitioners. Authored annually by The George Washington International Law Review, the Guide is designed to assist both novices and professionals with their international legal research.
Next: Databases >>
URL: https://dal.ca.libguides.com/international_law
Subjects: International Law, Law*


text:
HomeAboutServicesContact
Connecticut Education Law Blog
Home > Public Forum > Step away from the microphone: Are school boards able to restrict speech during public comment?
Step away from the microphone: Are school boards able to restrict speech during public comment?
Posted in Public Forum
The parent of a student receiving special education services in the Highland Community School District in Iowa had a long history of disagreements with the district regarding the program and services offered to her child pursuant to the child's Individualized Education Program ("IEP"). See Cazwiell-Sojka v. Highland Community School District, No. 3:17-cv-00020 (S.D. Iowa February 21, 2018). After a breakdown in communication with the teachers and the administration in charge of implementing her child's IEP, the parent sought to include her grievances as an agenda item during the "receive visitors" portion of the board's meeting to make known her discontent with the child's IEP and disapproval of the district's personnel and their professional performance. The district had a policy which stated that "while constructive criticism was welcomed, the board [desired] to support its employees and their actions to free them from unnecessary, spiteful, or negative criticism and complaints that do not offer advice for improvement or change." On the basis of this policy, the parent was able to speak about her concerns regarding her child's education but was cut-off and informed she would not be allowed to "address personnel issues" during public comment. Was the district entitled to do that? The parent did not think so and sued.
Is it a Public Forum?
Speech restrictions imposed by the government on property that it owns are analyzed under a "forum based approach." See Hotel Employees & Rest. Employees Union v. City of N.Y. Dep't of Parks & Recreation, 311 F.3d 534, 544 (2d Cir.2002) (internal quotations omitted). Some property is recognized as being traditionally a "public forum" such as a park or a sidewalk where speech can only be restricted if narrowly tailored to serve a compelling State interest, whereas mailboxes at a public school may not be considered such public forums. See Perry Ed. Ass'n. v. Perry Local Educators' Ass'n., 460 U.S. 37 (1983)( an employee union wanted to place recruitment flyers in teachers' inboxes but noting that the boxes were built specifically for communicative purposes about official school business by authorized users, the Court found that the boxes were not a "forum" open to general expressive use).
Is it a Designated Public Forum?
Government entities are free to designate a location or time where citizens can express themselves. In a designated public forum—a place not traditionally open to assembly and debate which "the State has opened for use by the public as a place of expressive activity"—government regulation of speech is subject to the same limitations that govern a traditional public forum. See Make the Rd. by Walking, Inc. v. Turner, 378 F.3d 133, 143 (2d Cir.2004). That is the case with public comments during board meetings. Once it is declared to be a "designated public forum," any regulation on the content of a speaker's message could be struck down if challenged and deemed unconstitutional. For example, a policy which forbade complaints against an individual employee without the employee's consent was found unconstitutional because it allowed classic viewpoint discrimination (speakers could provide praise but not criticize employees). See Leventhal v. Vista Unified School District, 973 F.Supp. 951, 954 (S.D. Cal. 1997).
Are Regulations Reasonable and Content Neutral?
The use of the forum can be limited to speech consistent with its purpose and a board may enforce reasonable regulations that are "content neutral," or applied even-handedly to all speakers. Content-neutral restrictions are those that are both viewpoint and subject matter neutral. See Boos v. Barry, 485 U.S. 312, 320 (1988) (content neutral restrictions do not contain any restrictions based on either the ideology of the message or the topic of the speech, whereas content-based restrictions are those that endeavor to restrict or prohibit speech based on either the viewpoint or subject matter). While a school board cannot differentiate based on a speaker's opinion, speakers can be limited to subjects relevant to that agency's purview. See Jones v. Heyman, 888 F.2d 1328, 1332 (11th Cir.1989)( speaker's admonishing of the commission to act more prudently in its spending habits was not the topic of debate, and the mayor quickly directed the speaker to comment only on the relevant issue or be removed to which the speaker responded "I don't think you're big enough," and was expelled). Similarly, a government body may also remove a speaker who causes a disturbance – shouting, refusing to leave after the expiration of a time limit – without violating the First Amendment. See Conn. Gen. Stat. §1-232 (allowing boards to remove persons who are willfully interrupting a public meeting, clear the room (except for members of the press) and continue in session); see also White v. City of Norwalk, 900 F. 2d 1421 (9th Cir. 1990) (upholding an ordinance that prohibited speech during council meetings that "disrupts, disturbs or otherwise impedes the orderly conduct of the Council meeting").
What is the Main Take Away?
The parent who sued the Highland School District in Iowa survived a motion to dismiss because the Court in the Southern District of Iowa believed that the school district's policies denied her the right to speak and petition the government and were unconstitutionally applied to her. Id. at 20. The Court found that the policies supported "constructive criticism" but denied the opportunity to voice "negative criticism". Id.at 22. The case remains active and proceeding in court. The main take away is that boards of education need to have a clear policy regarding public comments that take into account whether the language or implementation of the policy survives scrutiny under the First Amendment. For example, while board members may consider "asking" or "requesting" that speakers not discuss certain matters, e.g. personnel, it is important to remember that in doing so, they cannot restrict speech content once the meeting has been designated as a public forum. Unless, of course, the speaker is disruptive, e.g. uses profanity or engages in threatening behavior. Another suggestion is to consider limiting the discussion to agenda items and enforcing such practice in a content-neutral fashion. In addition, when dealing with issues that are sensitive in nature such as personnel matters, boards routinely defer discussion to executive session under Conn. Gen. Stat. § 1-225(f). For these reasons, it is also important for board members to be clear on how to effectively use executive sessions to discuss these matters.
Tags: Free Speech, IEPs, Public Forum
Connecticut Education Law Blog is published by members of the education law department of Berchem Moses PC, a leading player in the field of education law in the state of Connecticut.
Alfred P. Bruno, Esq.
Carolyn Mazanec Dugas, Esq.
Floyd J. Dugas, Esq.
John Khalil, Esq.
Michelle C. Laubin, Esq.
Marsha B. Moses, Esq.
Paula N. Anthony, Esq.
Rebecca Goldberg, Esq.
Subscribe to this blog via RSS Follow us on LinkedIn
Topics Select Category Americans with Disabilities Act Announcements Constitutional Issues Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) Executive Orders FERPA Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Labor and Employment Office of the Child Advocate Public Forum Regular Education Special Education State of Connecticut Supreme Court Decisions Student Matters Transgender issues Uncategorized
Archives Select Month December 2019 November 2019 March 2019 February 2019 October 2018 August 2018 July 2018 May 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 August 2017 July 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 May 2016 February 2016 December 2015 November 2015 August 2015 January 2015 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 April 2014 March 2014 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 May 2013 March 2013 February 2013 December 2012 October 2012 July 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 September 2010 August 2010 June 2010 March 2010 February 2010 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 January 2009 December 2008 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 July 2008 June 2008 May 2008 April 2008 March 2008 February 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 September 2007 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007
Child Advocate Recommendations Offer Insights for Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Policies and Procedures
State Supreme Court Affirms Constitutionality of Expulsion for "True Threats" of School Violence
Attorneys Ryan Driscoll and Christine Sullivan Win Important Decision For Trumbull Board of Education in United States District Court
Fry Update: Parents' Participation in PPT Meetings and Request for Mediation Does Not Necessarily Trigger IDEA Administrative Exhaustion Requirement
Title IX and Sexual Harassment: Key Considerations as the Department of Education Moves Closer to Adopting New Regulations
Berchem Moses PC
A leading player in the field of education law and municipal labor relations in the state of Connecticut, Berchem Moses PC has more than 30 years of experience representing the interests of public, private and charter schools throughout the state.
This Blog/Web Site is made available by the lawyer or law firm publisher for educational purposes only as well as to give you general information and a general understanding of the law, not to provide specific legal advice. By using this blog site you understand that there is no attorney client relationship between you and the Blog/Web Site publisher. The Blog/Web Site should not be used as a substitute for competent legal advice from a licensed professional attorney in your state.
Copyright © 2020, Berchem Moses PC. All Rights Reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home / Elections / Assembly Elections / Gujarat polls: Crowd turn on mobile flashlights in PM Modi's Jamnagar rally
Gujarat polls: Crowd turn on mobile flashlights in PM Modi's Jamnagar rally
1 min read . Updated: 29 Nov 2022, 06:21 AM IST Edited By Alka Jain
Election rally of PM Modi in Gujarat's Jamnagar. (Twitter)
Gujarat has been a BJP stronghold for a long period as the party has been ruling the state for over two decades.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Monday received a rapturous response from people in Surat where the crowd even flashed their mobile phone flashlights at his rally as a part of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) campaigns for the upcoming Gujarat Assembly elections that will take place in two phases in early December.
Addressing the rally here, PM Modi urged people to ensure BJP's victory and said, "I am not here with you in the capacity of Prime Minister Modi but as your brother Modi. I have come here to meet you."
Lamborghini aims to cross 100 units sales milestone in ...
India reports 109 new Covid-19 cases, 1 death in last 2 ...
Outrage in Gujarat as recruitment exam gets postponed a ...
"Bharatiya Janata Party is a party connected to the soil, a party raised from among the common man, a party rooted in ideas. During the time of Congress, there was corruption and the money of the country was wasted. The BJP government has worked to save every bit of people's hard work," he added.
He also spoke about the steps taken to boost 'ease of living', improve the water situation in Saurashtra, efforts for MSMEs, and other development work, as per ANI reports.
The rallies in Jamnagar and Rajkot witnessed record participation from first time voters. Talked about the steps taken to boost 'Ease of Living', improve the water situation in Saurashtra, efforts for MSMEs and more. pic.twitter.com/QXkfk56juh
— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) November 28, 2022
Taking a jibe at the grand old party, the Prime Minister said that Congress never trusted people during their governance in the state, and the legacy of the British came to it, while BJP trusts people, therefore, people trust BJP.
This time, the saffron party under the leadership of PM Modi, Union Home Minister Amit Shah, and state party BJP chief CR Patil is aiming to get its highest seat tally exceeding 140. In the 2017 Gujarat Assembly elections, the BJP secured 99 seats out of a total of 182 seats.
Gujarat has been a BJP stronghold for a long period as the party has been ruling the state for over 27 years. It has set its sights on returning to power for the seventh term. During this long tenure, PM Modi Modi has been Gujarat's longest-serving Chief Minister from 2001 till 2014.
Madhya Pradesh: Cong appoints vice presidents, gen secr ...
Election Commission shares update on Tripura Assembly E ...
Tripura Elections 2023: Security tightened in Agartala, ...
Bhupendra Patel to take oath as Gujarat CM for second c ...
Congress and new entrant Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), on the other hand, are also hoping to put their best electoral foot forward to unseat the BJP.
The Assembly election in Gujarat is scheduled to be held in two phases on December 1 and December 5, whose results will be declared on December 8.


From July 1, 2012 drivers in France have had to carry a breathalyser kit with them and from November drivers and motorcyclists risk a €11 (£12) fine for failing to comply.
Hilton Vehicle Leasing's Risk Management division is again offering 'NF-approved' (the norme Francais standard) breathalyser kits from just £6.50 plus post and packing.
A twin-pack, recommended so that you can use one breathalyser and still meet the legal requirement to carry one, costs just £9.99.
Larger quantities are available for fleet operators who wish to provide them for all drivers.
Contact and quote reference CARD IN US.


text:
home » JIS News » Culture
Western Gala to Be Held on August 4
Written by: Serena Grant
Photo: Serena Grant
Minister of Culture, Gender, Entertainment and Sport, Hon. Olivia Grange (centre); Mayor of Montego Bay, Councillor Homer Davis (left) and Custos of St. James, Bishop the Hon. Conrad Pitkin, unveil the board depicting activities for the upcoming Emancipation and Independence celebrations in St. James . Occasion was the St. James Municipal Corporation's official launch for Emancipation and Independence activities in St. James, which was held at Sam Sharpe Square on Thursday (July 25).
JCDC Festival Song Final on Saturday
Jamaica to Celebrate Centenary of Miss Lou
Creative Industries Council Up and Running
The event will be held on Sunday, August 4 at the Catherine Hall Sports Complex in Montego Bay, which will be transformed into a Western Gala Village throughout the Emancipation and Independence celebrations. The Western Gala will form part of a series of activities.
On Friday, August 2, a Culture Talk Special followed by the Western Festival Bandwagon will be at the Catherine Hall Complex at 4:00 p.m. A Gospel Concert will be at 7:00 p.m., which will feature artistes such as Kukudo and Minister Marion Hall (formerly Lady Saw).
The theme for this year's Independence celebrations is: 'One nation, one people', which, the Minister noted, speaks to the diversity of the island's culture.
Minister of Culture, Gender, Entertainment and Sport, Hon. Olivia Grange, says a Western Gala will be held in St. James, as part of the island's Emancipation and Independence celebrations.
Addressing the St. James Municipal Corporation's official launch of Emancipation and Independence activities in the parish, in Sam Sharpe Square, Montego Bay, on July 25, Ms. Grange said that 200 youngsters are being trained to dance and perform on the field, similar to what is done in Kingston, in costumes.
"I understand that it is going to be a fantastic display of talent from the west, and then the evening will end with fireworks," Ms. Grange added.
The event will be streamed live on all social media platforms, "and we are working on broadcasting it live on television," she said.
Other activities will include an Emancipation parish vigil in Sam Sharpe Square on Wednesday, July 31 at 8:00 p.m., and a Kiddie's Village at the Western Gala Village, which will be in place throughout the celebrations and will open at 10:00 a.m. daily.
An Independence Thanksgiving Church Service will be held at the Bethephil Baptist Church in Chatham, St. James, on Sunday, August 4.
On Independence Day, August 6, a Civic Ceremony will be held in Sam Sharpe Square, as well as a float parade. The parade will include a marching band, a car 'sound' competition and a festival dance party.
Ms. Grange encouraged persons living in western Jamaica to make the activities a family affair.
"I want you to have fun and enjoy Emancipation and Independence (celebrations) in this the 57th year of our independence. Use the celebrations to renew your commitment to live in peace and love, to end the crime and violence, to be your brother's keeper and to say to the world that we love Jamaica," the Minister said.
There will also be a fashion theme for the celebrations this year – 'Roots and Culture'.
The activities in western Jamaica will be held in collaboration with the Municipality and the Jamaica Cultural Development Commission (JCDC).


text:
President Melvin Oliver's Visit to the University of Haifa
June 4, 2019 June 4, 2019 claremontsjp
On May 28th, 2019, Pitzer President Melvin Oliver visited the Israeli University of Haifa, during which he addressed over 200 attendees at the Board of Governors meeting and affirmed his support not only for the University's study abroad program with Pitzer College, but also for Israel's deeply racist and violent policies towards the Palestinian people.
Oliver's address at the University of Haifa comes almost three months after his authoritarian veto of the vote democratically reached by Pitzer's College Council that demonstrated overwhelming support among the Pitzer community and beyond for the conditional suspension of its study abroad program with the University of Haifa. The vote and the resolution were historic in the realm of pro-Palestine activism in U.S. higher academia, which made the veto equally historic for the College as it was the second time in the College's 56-year history that the Pitzer administration unilaterally rejected a democratic motion, both times being in response to resolutions in solidarity with the Palestinian people. President Oliver's recent visit to the University of Haifa indicated his continued shameless and explicit bias against Palestinians and his complete disregard for democratic shared governance at Pitzer College.
Oliver's defiance of the vote make his political stance clear, which completely contradicts his repeated attempts to claim Pitzer College is an apolitical institution. Political boycotts are not foreign to Pitzer — in 1986, Pitzer set a precedent in California by voting to divest from companies engaging in business with Apartheid South Africa. Oliver's statement also erased the long history of student activism and wide support among the Pitzer community in favor of answering Palestinian civil society's call to promote justice internationally.
Claremont Students for Justice in Palestine immediately took action following the veto. We released a petition calling upon President Oliver to rescind the veto and garnered over 1200 signatures, which included 411 students, faculty, parents, alumni, and incoming students at Pitzer College; 566 students at the other six Claremont Colleges; and hundreds more academics, activists, non-profits, and political officials across the country and internationally. We received endorsements from scholars whose works we had read in Pitzer classes, notably including Cornel West, Judith Butler, Ilan Pappé, Robin D. G. Kelley, and Richard A. Falk, former U.N Special Rapporteur of the Human Rights Council. Thus, we reject Oliver's dismissive comment that the vote came out of a "one-man media operation"; rather, we recognize the instrumental participation of students, faculty, alumni, parents, and allies in making the vote genuinely well-informed and democratic.
We strongly condemn the vindictive and personal attacks that President Oliver made against Pitzer Professor Daniel Segal, which includes his claims that Professor Segal coerced the faculty into voting a specific way and thus "faculty were primed to vote positively and promptly". His singling out of Segal is as unpresidential as it is malicious and dangerous. Impugning the judgment of the College's own faculty members has served only to damage the credibility of the institution itself. Surely the brilliant and competent scholars, the leading educators of generations of students at Pitzer, are well aware of how to think critically and voted thoughtfully and with compassion extended to the human rights of Palestinians.
There is a long history of students and faculty being doxxed, blacklisted, and threatened for their courageous pro-Palestinian activism, and President Oliver's actions have given a platform to these malicious attacks. President Oliver's personal attacks on Segal not only erases the collective historical and ongoing efforts that a large community of students at the Claremont Colleges have undertaken to fight for Palestinian justice, such as the Student Senate BDS bill in 2017 that was voted in but overturned by the Board of Trustees, but also completely disregards Palestinian civil society's calls (specifically the Palestinian community at the University of Haifa) to promote justice internationally and suspend the program.
At his address in Israel, Oliver stated, "It is a credit to your institution [University of Haifa] that in this debate, no one can point to any policies or actions by the University of Haifa that would even be remotely linked to a rationale of suspending our program." The letter of support we received from Palestinian students at Israeli universities show how very out of touch President Oliver is with the way that these universities operate. In their letter, the students from the Roots Unity Bloc at Haifa University, the Edward Said Forum at Tel-Aviv University, and the Galilee Bloc from Tel Hai College cite the universities' policies antithetical to academic freedom. Whether it's the militarized campus policing, the restriction of academic content, and the censorship of Palestinian voices, the experiences of these Palestinian students are by no means unique. A study conducted by Haaretz (July 2017) showed that half of all Palestinian students at Israeli universities suffered from the racist policies and racist attitudes from faculty themselves. These are institutions where Ramadan is not observed, where Arabic is not a language of instruction, and where armed Israeli soldiers attend classes and live in the dorms.
These discriminatory policies also extend to Jewish students who express pro-Palestinian sentiments. Renowned Israeli professor Dr. Ilan Pappé was forced to leave the university due to his research and teaching on the ethnic cleansing of Palestine. In a letter penned in support of Pitzer suspending their direct-enroll program with Haifa, Pappé expresses how material and central these discriminatory policies are to the University of Haifa: "As for myself, I was forced to leave the university due to my insistence of researching and teaching about the 1948 catastrophe as an ethnic cleansing and a crime against humanity. My case was one of the reasons the academic boycott targeted Haifa in particular as a site that violates freedom of expression and supports the denial of the 1948 Nakba." As summed in Pappé's account, "These are not marginal actions, but integral part of the university policy."
In addition to Oliver's targeted vilification, what we find even more unacceptable is his egregious comparison of the suspension of the study abroad program to the Muslim Ban enacted by the Trump administration in 2017: "To boycott a country on the basis of their policies is, by definition, a blanket indictment of the nation itself, and by extension, its citizens. This is whether we are talking about Israel and its immigration policies or the United States and its [partial] Muslim ban." By invoking this comparison, Oliver is callously weaponizing institutionalized Islamophobia that is embedded in the domestic and foreign policy of the United States, and manipulating its language and purpose for the intent of his pro-Israel agenda. The suspension of the Haifa program is one that is based on protesting against the anti-Arab/anti-Palestinian policies of not only the institution of the University of Haifa, but also the settler-colonial nation state of Israel, the Occupied Territories, and beyond.
The Muslim Ban, however, is an imperialist, Islamophobic, and white supremacist act of banning people from Muslim countries from entering the United States. Both the Muslim Ban and the discriminatory policies at the University of Haifa fall within the same growing global racist and imperialist logic logic of Muslims and Arabs being "terrorists." President Oliver and his deeply racist support for the University of Haifa is predicated on untrue statements. If Melvin Oliver truly cared about combating Islamophobia and racism, he would have taken action when students of color and Muslim students were being targeted with posters by pro-Israel groups that suggested that students in support of the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement were terrorists. If Melvin Oliver truly cared about combating Islamophobia and racism, he would be in complete support of conditionally suspending the direct-enrollment study abroad program with the University of Haifa.
As is common in the realm of student organizing, Oliver strategically chose to plan his visit during the summer time, as college administrators count on student dispersal to allow them to undertake acts of suppression without pushback. Claremont Students for Justice in Palestine is in this for the long fight, however, as we know that justice does not come easy. We will continue to organize, advocate, and stand in solidarity with the Palestinian people amidst racist settler-colonial occupation and apartheid, no matter how much administrative suppression is put upon us. The overwhelming vote in favor of suspending the study abroad program indicates that Oliver and his Zionist ideologies stands in the minority within the Pitzer community, and he is able to wield his disproportionate amount of power in order to impose them. We promise to keep fighting the power.
For inquiries, please contact: claremontcollegesjp@gmail.com
Tagged anti-zionism, freedom, haifa, liberation, melvin, oliver, palestine, study abroad, suspendpitzerhaifaLeave a comment
Robert Fairbairn and BlackRock: Shifting the Conversation from Individuals to Systems
October 5, 2019 claremontsjp
Pitzer's "Free Wall" was recently painted with a message exposing Pitzer College Board of Trustees member Robert Fairbairn for profiting off of the concentration camps on the US-Mexico border. Fairbairn serves as the vice chairman of BlackRock Fund Advisors, the second-largest stockholder in the GEO Group, which owns an ICE processing and detainment center in California. In addition to its investments in ICE, BlackRock also invests in defense contractors who manufacture weapons of genocide and destruction in Palestine, Syria, and Yemen. While much of the conversation surrounding the recent painting (and repeated coverups) of the "Free Wall" have been centered on Robert Fairbairn himself, it is necessary to extend this critical lens not just to individual Board of Trustees members, but to the college as an institution.
Fairbairn is not one bad apple out of an otherwise respectable group of wealthy Trustee members with undue influence over the college's finances and decisions; he is representative of Pitzer College as a whole. As an institution, the college's proclaimed core values are used solely for marketing purposes. When it comes down to tangible, material matters of social justice, the college will take the side of the oppressor every last time. This can easily be seen in last year's campaign to conditionally suspend the Pitzer study abroad program at Haifa University until the university stopped barring entry on the basis of race/ethnicity and political speech. Passing College Council with 67 affirmations and 28 negations, the motion was a monumental win, marking the first college in the country to vote to suspend a study abroad program in Israel. However, less than four hours after the vote, President Melvin Oliver nullified the decision.
Profiting off of injustice is nothing new for Pitzer; it is the college's one true core value. Melvin Oliver and Robert Fairbairn, both individuals who protect and uphold the aparetheid state of Israel, are not the problem with Pitzer. Pitzer is the problem.
Further reading on the topic:
https://tsl.news/pitzer-board-trustees-ice-geo-group-detention-facilities/
https://www.codepink.org/larryfink
Pitzer College Council Approves Resolution Suspending Study Abroad Program with the University of Haifa
March 15, 2019 claremontsjp
[March 14th, 2019]
On Monday March 14th, 2019, Pitzer College Council voted to conditionally suspend Pitzer College's exchange program with the University of Haifa. This is a historic vote, as it makes Pitzer College the first college in the country to suspend a study abroad program in Israel based on its gravely discriminatory policies towards Palestinians and in a settler-colonial state that continues its egregious violations of human rights.
We hope that this vote encourages institutions around the world to follow Pitzer's lead and cut complicity with the Israeli occupation. It is important we recognize the hard work and support that goes into this win. Thank you to all the students, comrades, faculty, and organizations that have put their time and energy to make this a reality. We hope that President Oliver will uphold the democratic decision reached at the College Council and implement the suspension.
Although today we celebrate this historic win, we must fight the injustices that continue here on Pitzer College's campus, and globally. This is one step towards the liberation of Palestine, and we are endlessly honored to take it with you all.
There can be no academic freedom under occupation!
For media inquiries contact: claremontsjpmedia@gmail.com
Pitzer Faculty Pass Motion To Boycott Study Abroad in Israel
November 18, 2018 January 30, 2019 claremontsjp
UPDATE: Sign our petition in support of the motions!
Thursday November 8th, the Pitzer College faculty voted on and passed the following two motions;
Motion 1. The Pitzer Faculty dissents from the decision of Pitzer's president and trustees to nullify the Student Senate resolution 53-B-20 of April 30, 2017. Independent of agreeing or disagreeing with that resolution, we the Faculty object to the president and trustees singling out this one issue as a basis for not accepting the Senate's longstanding autonomy in controlling its funds, in the context of Pitzer's governance system.
Motion 2. The Pitzer Faculty calls for the suspension of the College's exchange with Haifa University, until (a) the Israeli state ends its restrictions on entry to Israel based on ancestry and/or political speech and (b) the Israeli state adopts policies granting visas for exchanges to Palestinian universities on a fully equal basis as it does to Israeli universities.
Claremont Students for Justice in Palestine receives the news with great joy as Pitzer College faculty have moved to boycott a study abroad program with an Israeli university, the University of Haifa. The University of Haifa program is deeply problematic and it is imperative that the colleges withdraw this program from their study abroad curriculums. Primarily, as the motion suggests, Israeli policies bar students from receiving visas to study at Palestinian universities, meaning that students are denied the opportunity to learn about Palestinian culture, narratives, and history. Additionally, Israel has passed increasingly draconian policies banning political speech and barring activists for Palestinian human rights from entering the country. On top of this, Israel has a systemic practice of racial discrimination at the border, meaning that this program is largely inaccessible to students from Middle Eastern descent. By encouraging other Pitzer students to embark on this program, the college has been consciously supporting these discriminatory practices.
Moreover, Motion 1 addresses last year's unjust decision by the Pitzer Board of Trustees' to 'rescind' the Pitzer Student Senate resolution. The senate resolution, which was democratically passed by senate multiple times, prohibits use of student activity funds for good and services associated with the illegal occupation of Palestinian territories. These two motions not only support the autonomy and democratic process of the Pitzer Student Senate but also assert that faculty stand in solidarity with student voices. Pitzer's past support of Israeli policies have a profoundly negative impact on their students. Palestinian students and those in solidarity with them are hurting as they watch their college blatantly support oppression.
We note that the faculty of the college passed their two Motions following a multi-year process in which Pitzer students were actively brought into, and widely participated in, an inclusive and democratic conversation on the College's relationship to Palestine-Israel. Claims to the contrary are misleading not factual. Critics attack this important resolution from a decidedly partisan perspective, one hostile to support for the human rights of Palestinians. On November 8th, the faculty of the college decided to listen to student voices – to support the call for justice, respect and dignified life through the Boycott-Divestment-Sanctions movement.
Today it is important to rally in support of the faculty's decision to do the right thing. We stand in solidarity with the Palestinian people living under occupied territories or in exile, and we will continue to fight for their rights. The faculty motions are two important and crucial milestones in the path towards justice for Palestinians, and we hope that the Claremont student populace supports them with the utmost enthusiasm.
Muslim Ban Decision and the Corrosion of the First Amendment
July 19, 2018 claremontsjp
One week ago today, on Tuesday, June 26th 2018, the United States Supreme Court ruled to uphold President Trump's travel ban on several Muslim-majority countries. As an organization in solidarity with Palestinians, and in opposition to Israeli occupation and domination, Claremont Students for Justice in Palestine stands with the victims of state-sanctioned repression around the world. The Supreme Court's decision amplifies the need for such action and solidarity against injustice. When multiple branches of our government are actively allowing for the oppression of Muslims, people of color, and asylum seekers, we must fight back.
Aptly dubbed "The Muslim Ban", this piece of legislation that the high court ruled on was fueled by Trump's blatant islamophobia. During his campaign, Donald Trump called for "a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States". Just months later, he proclaimed in an interview: "I think Islam hates us… there's a tremendous hatred there… we can't allow people coming in to the country with that hatred". This past Tuesday, the Supreme Court condoned these discriminatory statements by the sitting President in deciding that his logic in banning Muslim-majority countries, for no evidence-based security threat, was reasonable. Unfortunately, by deeming this policy constitutional, the highest court has promoted the criminalization of Muslim communities in the U.S.
The decision sets a dangerous precedent in that entire categories of persons can be discriminated against on account of their race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or other protected classes under a thinly veiled agenda of racial and ethnic exclusion. This decision reinforces the world order that Mr. Trump seeks to protect: one with strict borders and further corrosion of democracy. A world fueled by misinformed prejudice, one that channels military prowess towards imperialist aims, with abject disregard for human life.
The Muslim ban is completely in line with the brutal trends of this administration as we've seen the denial of basic humanity and dignity to families at the southern border, refugees, transgender people, and other historically marginalized communities. The First Amendment in the United States' Constitution has been, and continues to be, a fallacy for repressed communities. When students are questioned by the FBI for supporting Palestine, we have no freedom of speech, assembly, and press. When Congress introduces a bill which criminalizes BDS, we have no freedom of speech and petition. When Muslims are barred from entering the country, we have no freedom of religion.
We must stand together in the face of this affront to our lives.
Nakba Day: A Statement for Reminder & Resistance
May 15, 2018 claremontsjp
70 years ago, Israeli paramilitary groups were in the process of ethnically cleansing Palestinians from the land of Palestine. From the winter of 1947 through the fall of 1948, nearly 800,000 Palestinians were forced from their homes. The Nakba, or the "catastrophe", was the beginning of decades of human rights violations committed by Israel against Palestinians. During this cleansing, many villagers within UN mandated Palestinian land (such as Deir Yassin) were massacred, and their villages wiped off the map. These massacres were used to send a message to Palestinians who remained: they must flee their homes, or face the same fate. Most Palestinians left their belongings and savings in their houses, assuming they would be able to return when the terror subsided. For 70 years, Nakba survivors have lived in exile as refugees.
For Palestinians, the Nakba is a living history. It is ongoing through the current destruction of Palestinian lands, and the abject disregard for Palestinian life. The continued desecration can be felt by the constant encroachment of settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, a violation of international law. It can be seen as the US opens a new Israeli embassy in Jerusalem while Israel illegally occupies its eastern neighborhoods: a move that encourages Israel's attempts to clear the city of its Palestinian inhabitants. The loss can be heard as shots pummel peaceful protesters in Gaza in a deadly reign of fire – just yesterday snipers murdered 60 Palestinians. On Nakba day we urge you to consider that the annihilation of Palestine is a reality, and that Americans are complicit in this demise.
70 years after the Nakba, Palestinians still lack fundamental rights and dignities. In Israel proper they are treated like second class citizens under 65 discriminatory laws. In the West Bank they are subjected to foreign military occupation, without sovereignty. Homes are demolished on a regular basis, and movement is difficult due to checkpoints within and around Palestine. In Gaza, Palestinians are simply treated like cattle. All of this is to say that Israel violates international laws and essential respect for humanity, and Palestinians, like all people, deserve better.
Palestinians are not silent throughout their oppression. Just this year, they have constantly demonstrated peacefully calling for their right to return, in continuation of 70 years of resistance to this catastrophe. Collectively, Palestinians demand 3 fundamental steps be taken:
End Israel's occupation and colonization of all Arab lands and dismantle the Apartheid Wall;
Recognize the fundamental rights of Arab-Palestinian citizens of Israel to full equality; and
Respect, protect and promote the rights of Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and properties as stipulated in UN Resolution 194.
As an individual, you have the power to resist the colonization of Palestine and support Palestinians to work towards these goals. Americans can contact their representatives (at any level of government) and insist that they publically decry the ongoing massacres in Gaza. You can join your local Students for Justice in Palestine, Jewish Voice for Peace, or another Palestinian solidarity organization. As a consumer, you can leverage your purchasing power and boycott Israeli goods, particularly those directly complicit in the colonization, massacres, and occupation.
Today we remember the Nakba to signal to the powers that be that we will not forget.
Today we remember the Nakba in hopes that Palestine will be free in our lifetime
Today we can decide to push for change.
On Pitzer's Giant Israeli Flag: Israeli Apartheid Week
April 6, 2017 April 6, 2017 claremontsjp
At 2:30 am this morning SJP members keeping watch of the mock Apartheid Wall were awoken to the sound of a few anonymous individuals hanging a massive Israeli flag from the roof of Pitzer's McConnell.
We will not be taking it down. We don't need to.
Rather than address the concerns of Israeli state violence that IAW brings attention to, these people seek to gloss over those crimes and assert their unconditional support for Israel and its ongoing oppression of Palestinians. When we speak truth to power with workshops, art installations, informative events and actions, they a flag.
The supporters of this action only stand to prove the point of Israeli Apartheid Week #IAW. This flag shows the ideological underpinnings of Zionism, a settler-colonial project to lay claim to Palestinian indigenous land without acknowledging the human rights abuses, the violence, the massacres, the apartheid, and the walls that are necessary to sustain this project.
We brought an artistic rendition of the Apartheid Wall to show students in Claremont a small sampling of the horrors faced by Palestinians under occupation. They did not attempt to address these crimes against humanity, instead they dropped a flag. We hope that throughout the rest of IAW this year you attend our events, listen to our message, and think critically about this 20 foot flag that was hung in an attempt to cover up the horrors of Zionist violence .
The state of Israel's criminal actions will not be blindly tolerated on our campus anymore. We will reject the unconditional support that this flag asks us to give. We hope to develop a critical understanding of Israel and Palestine in order to build a movement in solidarity with the struggle for Palestinian liberation and the liberation of all oppressed peoples around the world.
#freepalestine #iaw2017 #5csjp
Statement Regarding Mural on Walker Wall
February 1, 2017 claremontsjp
From: December 12th, 2016
Recently Claremont Students for Justice in Palestine painted a mural on Walker Wall in honor of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. The mural presents the following aspects: The Arabic text means the word "Palestine." "Right 2 Resist" signifies that we support the right of Palestinians to resist Zionist colonization and ongoing ethnic cleansing, as well as the right of oppressed peoples around the world to resist colonialism and imperialism. Palestinians have the right to resist all forms of Zionist violence, including mass incarceration, systemic torture, apartheid laws, home demolitions, and violent displacement, as according to the 1978 United Nations General Assembly Resolution which "[r]eaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples for independence, territorial integrity, national unity and liberation from colonial and foreign domination and foreign occupation by all available means". (UN Resolution A/RES/33/24)
When designing the mural, we overlaid the Palestinian flag onto an outline of historic Palestine to recognize the connection Palestinians, as indigenous people, have to their land. We uphold the inextricable connections between the land, culture, heritage, and general well-being of the Palestinian people and we fully support the right of return to their homes and land.
We stand for justice and liberation for all oppressed peoples in Palestine and worldwide. In order to work towards these goals we encourage all students at the Claremont Colleges to be critically aware of, and actively work against US support of Israel. The over 3.15 billion dollars in military aid that Israel receives from the US every year is crucial in perpetuating Zionist violence and it is our duty to collectively oppose this aid. Our projects such as the mural, film screenings, and other events on campus are aimed to begin the work of deconstructing our complacency with, and reducing our material complicity in, the oppression of Palestinians. As such, narratives that portray the conflict as 'balanced,' or suggest that 'peace' can exist within the context of ongoing war crimes, colonial occupation, and literal genocide, fail to acknowledge existing oppressive power structures. Only through standing in solidarity with the fight for Palestinian liberation can we be part of the struggle for genuine justice and peace.
Moving forward, we will be putting on events and actions and initiating campaigns aimed at fostering critical conversation and putting pressure on Israel and the US to end the violence against the Palestinian people. We invite you all to support and join SJP and participate in this global struggle – if you are interested, or have any questions, please contact us on Facebook or email us at claremontcollegesSJP@gmail.com!


This particular competition required a turn in box of 3 legs and 3 thighs. The meat was provided by the sponsoring organization.
9, I have to say I rarely see legs in judging a contest. Your not getting a 9 because of that, but because it looks good and the string markings on them make it perfect.
Just a little too much sauce, but I can't take away because of that. It's a meat contest. This chicken looks spectacular & I want to eat everything in the box.
My 1st impression is of the garnish. I would like to see the meat on top of the garnish instead of inside the garnish. The meat by itself looks very appetizing.
Grill marks are beautiful. Nicely sauced and presented.
This box looks really nice and this is also a rare find at a contest. Most turn-ins are ALL thighs. I like it.
It is hard to find the drummies due to all the garnish it is buried in, I do like the grill marks and the meat does look nice, However the garnish hides the meat.
Looks tasty and appetizing. Nice arrangement in the box (just a little too much garnish). Beautiful color and look moist.


wa' noy Hegh abrasive pe'meH HablI' manufacturers, shuoying Precision mIqta' competitive Hegh abrasive pe'meH HablI' jenDaq HuS meQbogh supplier qaStaHvIS jungwoq. ce certificated products laH poHlIj vo' maHvaD.
commonly pe' abrasive 'engvetlh triangle round pagh equilateral, multi-layers pe'meH method. vaj ideal HablI' Segh ghoghmey lo', auto-je' pong tetlh nach Hegh pe'meH HablI', auto-je' pong poDmoH nach Hegh pe'meH HablI' joq rotary leng nach Hegh pe'meH HablI', leng leng raD ranged vo' 350kn 600 joH rop kn.


Turbo Properties is run by Jim McCabe. Turbo Properties is a reputable house buying company in Indianapolis. Since the beginning, the focus has been on helping people by providing a fast sale of a home. This opens up a lot of options for people that have felt stuck and unsure of what to do or who to turn to.
We buy houses fast, for cash in Indianapolis. Just give us a call and get an offer from a qualified buyer today.


Interesting that you use sweet chili sauce and brown sugar. I use ketchup as a glaze when I brown the chicken after stewing. Have you considered joining the Kulinarya Cooking Club? Go to my blog and click on the Kulinarya category to find out how to join. This mo2t7n1h;s theme is polvoron.
Reading this makes my desnciois easier than taking candy from a baby.
This has made my day. I wish all pogstnis were this good.
What lierabting knowledge. Give me liberty or give me death.


Sometimes you may require not to execute a method/code or Test Case because coding is not done fully. For that particular test, JUnit provides @Ignore annotation to skip the test.
Ignore all test methods using @Ignore annotation.
The @Ignore test annotation is used to ignore particular tests or group of tests in order to skip the build failure.
If you want to ignore a test method, use @Ignore along with @Test annotation.
If you want to ignore all the tests of class, use @Ignore annotation at the class level.
You can provide the reason for disabling a test in the optional parameter provided by @Ignore annotation.
It will help other developers working on the same piece of code, to understand "why a particular test is disabled?" When the issue of that particular test is fixed, you can simply enable it by removing @Ignore annotation.
As discussed in above definition, you can use @Ignore annotation to ignore a test or group of the test.
Creating a simple test class without ignoring a test.
Ignore a test method using @Ignore annotation.
Ignore a test method using @Ignore annotation with proper reason.
Ignore all test method using @Ignore annotation.
Let's create a simple Java class which prints two types of message.
Let's create a JUnit test class to test JUnitMessage.java.
First test, named "testJUnitMessage()" tests "printMessage()" method of above class.
Similarly the second test, named "testJUnitHiMessage" tests "testJUnitHiMessage" of above class.
Let's create ignore test to disable a test in above example. For this, you need to use @Ignore in the method, you want to skip.
Let's execute and verify the output of above example.
Let's take the example of how to ignore a test and define the reason for ignoring along with it. As discussed above, to provide a reason you have one optional parameter in @Ignore annotation where you can provide the reason statement.
As discussed above to ignore all the tests in class, you need to use @Ignore annotation at the class level.
As both the tests skipped by using @Ignore at class level so no statement would be printed on the console.
In this tutorial, you learned how to ignore a single test, group of test or all tests by using @Ignore annotation.
You also learned how to provide a statement to make understand other developer, why a particular test is disabled.


Disruption Award of the Month goes to Amazon. Is SWIT©H next?
Are You in the Know? Embrace Digital.
Embrace digital not as a competitor to traditional services, but as a complement.
Digital services continue to be the primary growth engine, but traditional revenue streams are expected to remain significantly larger throughout the forecast period. Digital spending in the US is expected to account for 26% of all E&M spending in 2014, up from 19% in 2009.
Somehow I doubt this was the kind of context Amazon had in mind when they made this media buy.


Blake Wheeler scored just 12 seconds into the third period to tie the game at one goal apiece, but Zach Parise and Jamie Langenbrunner scored goals in the shootout to lift the Devils to a 2-1 shootout victory.
Parise also scored in regulation for the Devils, who improved to 10-2-1 on the road for the season.
Tuukka Rask made 36 saves for the B's, while Martin Brodeur stopped 32 of 33 shots.


The Princess and The Pump: A Type 1 Diabetes Blog: Start Your Engines.... Here it Comes!
And ooooh boy... do I have some FUN STUFF planned!
I'm going to be doing a give away each week during November. That's FOUR give aways!!! I'm not telling you (yet) what I'm giving away, but I've got products lined up from Stick Me Designs, Lauren's Hope, Tally Gear, and more!
WORLD DIABETES DAY: Find out more about WDD and the International Diabetes Federation by clicking HERE. You can see how people around the world are ACTING on diabetes.
BLUE FRIDAYS: This one is easy. Wear blue on Friday in support of D awareness. You can "like" the facebook page HERE.
WDD POSTCARD EXCHANGE: This awesome idea was thought up by LeAnn Thill, author and artist of The Butter Compartment! Click HERE to get involved.
D BLOG DAY: You don't have to be a blogger to get in on this fun! This year Gina of The Diabetes Resource is asking you to make a scrapbook page! Oooooh! So what if you're not crafty?? Upload some pics and Walgreens can make you a collage. Easy Peasy. For more information, click HERE.
THE BIG BLUE TEST: We all test blood sugar. For this, we do it together. Find out more HERE.
And I'm sure leaving some things out!
GET READY TO WIN SOME SUPER COOL STUFF!
Now, if you'll excuse me, I think I might need to take a little bloggy break until Nov. 1 to prepare!
Do you know where I can find a cute World Diabetes day shirt online?? I would love a blue circle made with bling!!! Anyone out there have any websites or ideas??


text:
Knock It Off!
Wow Action Girls! Pop Star Duo! (2002)
January 23, 2016 Rob B 7 comments
For some collectors (and especially customizers) of small scale GI Joes, Lanard's Wow Action Girls! series is highly sought after. The line was a godsend for those looking for figures, accessories and vehicles that just hadn't been replicated by Hasbro. Stylistically similar to the o-ring figures of the 80s and 90s, the toys were produced with an array of accouterments that would make even Barbie (had she been 4 inches tall) sit up and take notice.
The Wow Girls, as they are usually known, are a kitsch lover's dream. There's more sparkle and gaudy color than you could ever ask for. I daresay that these figures would look right at home among the current trends of custom resin art figures. Just look at the silver glitter splatter deco and the gold scooter for the gal on the left. It's a thing a beauty. This set, titled Pop Star Duo! (Lanard really likes to add exclamation points to its product, if you hadn't noticed) provides quite a few amazing 1/18 scale props. The guitar and mic stands would be perfect for a customizer looking to start their own version of Cold Slither. The aforementioned golden scooter would be a perfect fit for Big Brawler–his own version of the RAM cycle.
Today was my daughter's third birthday party, and we gave her a pair of the Wow Girls sets that I'd found at the annual Lanard warehouse sale. The girls don't pop up all that often, and we thought that she's old enough to play with 3 & 3/4 inch scaled action figures, so now they belong to her. Her brother already has a sizeable collection of GI Joe and Star Wars figures, and now Jenni-Ri is on her way. She's already one to appreciate the fabulous, and this WOW Action Girls! set certainly fits the bill. While she was opening other gifts, some of which caught her attention for a couple second before it was on to the next, the Wow Girls stopped her in her tracks for a bit. I don't know if it was the glamour and glitter, but she seemed interested in her introduction to action figures. My job is done here–welcome to our world, Jenni!
tagged with featured, Figures, Lanard, Not Joes, Wow Action Girls!
Not Joe
Wow Action Girls!
Dreadnok: Spirit
You should check out Kenner's Glamour Gals line from the early eighties. Very similar to this as a roughly four inch Barbie. The jewel of the line, though is the Ocean Queen. A three foot long ocean liner and I can tell you from personal experience (my sister had it) that that thing was fun! I never had the Joe aircraft carrier, but I had plenty of adventures with that ship.
That Wow dolphin could be a mate to Deep Six's eco killer dolphon maybe? Ha
Awww! Thanks for the daily dose of adorable!
Best post ever! My wife had Glamor Gals & Dazzle Dolls as a kid. My 5 yo daughter happily confiscated Covergirl, Baroness, & Lady Jaye when she was 3.5 – congrats on passing the torch as well! 🙂
These are great! The one on the right looks like Satin from Pyramid of Darkness! Maybe there's a good Mara, Selena, & Honda Lu West in the line as well 😉
stan fernando (@Pork_Chop78)
Wonder if the gold plastic will suffer the horror of "Gold Plastic Syndrome?" Odd and rather disapointing the colours don't match the photos on the back of the packs…
Great custom potential there. When Toyfare magazine did an article on sporting action figures back in 2002, they used one of those figures as the bases for a Marie Lou Reton figure
Congrats on your daughter as well. I remember the first post you did about her when she was born
You know, you could probably swap the blonde's head and put it on the '83 Cover Girl's body to make a Cover Girl that looks 1. actually pretty and 2. closer to the MASS Device version of my favorite female Joe member.
Categories Select Category 12 inch (70) 1960's (9) 1970's (33) 1982 (3) 1983 (1) 1984 (2) 1985 (2) 1986 (5) 1987 (4) 1988 (2) 1989 (2) 1991 (1) 1992 (1) 1993 (4) 1994 (1) 2000's (473) 2010s (241) 25th Anniversary (146) 30th Anniversary (27) 50th Anniversary (52) 80's (386) 90's (308) A (72) Accessory (12) Action Force (24) Action Man (9) Activity Time (4) Adventure People (1) Adventure Team (30) Adventures of GI Joe 2010 (4) Advertising (53) Air Commandos (3) American Defense (5) Animation Art (1) Anti-Venom Task Force (1) B (60) Backyard Battles (17) Battle Corps (24) Battle Force 2000 (13) Big Jim (5) Blueprints (2) Board Game (3) Books (51) Bronze Bombers (7) Built to Rule (3) C (93) Captain Action (2) Captivating Cover (36) Card (5) Carrying Case (3) Cartoon (13) Catalog (54) Catalogs (3) Club Exclusive (31) Cobras (182) Coloring Book (16) Comic (51) Comic Packs (45) Convention (20) Convention Exclusive (123) Costume (2) Customs (54) D (54) DEF (5) Dreadnoks (22) Driver (89) DTC (20) E (9) Eco Warriors (8) Elite Force (1) Estrela (2) F (29) Falcon (3) Field Report (445) Figures (850) File Card (1) Flag Points (1) Food (1) Funskool (15) G (31) Geewunner (3) Geyperman (1) GI Joe Extreme (5) GI Joe vs. Cobra (10) H (29) Haiku (4) Hall of Fame (5) Hot Toys (2) Housewares (7) I (8) Inserts (6) Interview (1) Iron Grenadiers (19) J (15) Joes (278) K (6) Knock-offs (24) Kre-O (30) L (22) Lanard Corps! (40) Lanard Toys (6) Lunartix Empire (3) M (44) Magazine (1) Mail-in (17) Mega Marines (6) Mego (2) Micro Force (1) micronauts (1) Minifigures (6) Modern (186) Moment of Zen (14) Mortal Kombat (6) Movie (95) N (19) New Sculpt (85) News (10) Nice Pants 2011 (6) Nice Pants 2012 (6) Nice Pants 2014 (8) Nice Pants 2017 (4) Night Force (8) Ninja Force (9) Not Joe (127) O (7) Oktober Guard (8) P (16) Palitoy (4) Personal Care Products (1) Photo Feature (5) Playset (14) Podcast (11) Podcasts (4) Power of Packaging (97) Pre-production (2) Prototype (5) Pursuit of Cobra (10) Python Patrol (8) Q (2) R (40) Real American Hero Collection (9) Red Shadows (5) Remco (7) Renegades (4) Resolute (14) Retaliation (20) Rise of Cobra (21) Role Play (1) S (133) Sgt. Rock (2) Sgt. Savage (2) Shadow Ninjas (2) Sideshow (6) Sigma 6 (15) Site News (2) Sky Patrol (17) Slaughter's Marauders (4) Sonic Fighters (8) Sound Attack (1) Sponsor News (5) Spy Troops (25) Star Brigade (23) STAR Force (1) Storage (1) Store Exclusive (160) Street Fighter (10) Super Joe (6) T (28) That's How I Found It (4) Tiger Force (30) Tonka (1) True Heroes (1) U (2) Uncategorized (139) V (8) Valor vs. Venom (44) Vehicles (191) Video Games (3) Video Review (22) Videos (4) View Master (1) Vintage (326) Visionaries (1) W (18) Wow Action Girls! (1) X (1) Y (1) You've Got to be Kidding Me (3) Z (13)


text:
The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
Available: Html PlainText Epub Pdf Kindle · 356 Downloads
The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (now more commonly rendered as "The Further adventures of Robinson Crusoe") is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1719. Just as in its significantly more popular predecessor, Robinson Crusoe (1719), the first edition credits the work's fictional protagonist Robinson Crusoe as its author. It was published under the considerably longer original title: The Farther Adventures of Robinson Crusoe; Being the Second and Last Part of His Life, And of the Strange Surprising Accounts of his Travels Round three Parts of the Globe. Although intended to be the last Crusoe tale, the novel is followed by non-fiction book involving Crusoe by Defoe entitled Serious Reflections During the Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe: With his Vision of the Angelick World (1720).
The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe


GSA Techsource are looking for multiple outstanding DevOps Engineers, who can make a positive impact, and want to contribute to the most demanding and exciting new digital service for the UK Government. Let's be clear about the impact of your work - better digital services in government will change the face of public services and have the potential to dramatically transform the future of millions of people.
DevOps & ProdOps best practises commensurate with the build, maintenance and management of high volume transactional web sites and webs services.
Ideally the candidate will have been the lead DevOps, working on a major project or programme with experience in defining Dev Ops architectures, target operating models and providing thought leadership to other DevOps team members.
Previous experience in building and supporting high volume, public, transactional production platforms and sophisticated automated DevOps environments is essential.


This pack includes 165 files of whooshes, swooshes, and pass-by sounds. 100 of the tracks are various objects swung by the microphone in their originally recorded un-processed state. Aluminum brooms, plastic rakes, boom poles, T-squares, window brackets, rope, flags, sticks, and various other swingables. Then we took some of those sounds and created 65 "designed" whooshes. Our mission (always) is to create natural and super-natural sounds that either sound like an amazing recording of the thing itself, or a brand new sound with out some phony add-on "effect". What we mean by that is : we didn't just run these sounds through flangers and phase-shifters such that they sound "processed"; we tried to create a natural "new" sound using various techniques.
Most whoosh libraries sound super-processed and fake. We believe ours sounds good from natural to super-natural and beyond!
You can also use these great sounds as a basis for new customized sounds to fit your project quite easily as we have given you the raw files and naturally processed files in 24/96!


A Qantas A330 operating a flight from Sydney to Shanghai on February 18 returned to Sydney after burning off fuel due to a hydraulic issue which prevented the pilots from fully retracting the aircraft's landing gear.
Qantas says that the aircraft took off at 11:30am, and after the problem was noted by the pilots, the aircraft was directed over the Tasman Sea for approximately two hours to burn excess fuel before landing safely at 3pm. Passengers on the service were then transferred onto another aircraft which departed for Shanghai at 4:30pm.
The airline says that at no time was there a safety issue with the aircraft, and that the captain kept all passengers informed.


text:
Last edited by Vikree
Tuesday, April 21, 2020 | History
1 edition of Young people in the GDR. found in the catalog.
Young people in the GDR.
Published 1987 by Panorama DDR in Berlin .
Series First-hand information
Contributions Panorama DDR (Firm)
LC Classifications MLCS 91/13677 (H)
Pagination 63 p., [24] p. of plates :
The passion I have for vocational work in theological education remains informed by the conviction that diverse cultural expressions of Christian theology are key sources for Christian theological epistemology. More specifically, I would like to explore the ways in which Faith Based Organizations funded by the United States engage religious and cultural difference. Thus, my work occurs at the intersection of migration, globalization, and transnationalism theories, as well as mission, colonial, and Black Atlantic history. But Vita Cola and Rotkaeppchen were available to everyone.
Div from Lancaster Theological Seminary. The pledge was altered five times by the Central Committee throughout its history. As an artist with an M. I received my B. Her research interests include philology and comparative Semitics, warrior poetry in the ancient Near East, literary theory and theory of religion, the development of Israelite religion, and cognitive linguistics.
I earned my B. I am particularly interested in feminist and queer theologies, as well as theories of metaphor. Broadly speaking, that project had me looking at the way the New Testament contributed to ancient gender discourses in light of its historical context. What I remember about East German Bockwurst was not the meat but the thin piece of stale white bread made with cheap flour that came with it — and that it cost about a quarter.
Interest groups in international perspective.
Historical data relating to the Odessa pastoral charge of the United Church of Canada
Dickens Dreadful Almanac
An introduction to acrylic painting
Carl Beckers Heavenly city revisited
Camp Texas
John Soane
The Revolter
Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems
Judge Storys position on the so-called general welfare clause.
Principles and practices of teaching reading
Almuric
Elvisland
A nighttime guide to Paris.
wifes tragedy
Wildflowers of Yellowstone and the Rockies
logic of modern architecture
A Dog Eard Cosmos
Young people in the GDR. Download PDF Ebook
Her research interests focus on discourses on identity construction, boundary formation, nationalism, and classification. The only way citizens could influence the government was through its legal obligation to respond to written complaints and many injustices were resolved.
But Ossies say the GDR sausages were tastier and still today swear that the very best come from the region of Thuringia south of Berlin. I am one of the few folks who hail from Young people in the GDR. book beautiful state of Wyoming. And according to the ticket seller that chatted with me, most people rate their experience at the museum very highly.
While working on my M. My dissertation project will focus on using the prophetic Young people in the GDR. book prophetic preaching to interrogate teaching methods and methodologies for multicultural deficiencies and to construct multicultural competencies.
People across Central and Eastern Europe say the best jokes were aimed at the Communist regimes and thus had something subversive about them. I hope to explore how such ideological places of discourse are employed as rhetorical strategies in the creation, maintenance, and subversion of different ancient communities.
Locals fear their protest could be brutally suppressed just like Beijing's deadly Tiananmen Square protests that took place just months earlier, in March Several years ago he started to produce T-shirts sporting East German logos from his apartment and has seen sales grow to the point where he now runs a burgeoning company with a turnover more thaneuros a year and customers across the country.
To that end, I also study anthropological theories to guide my assessment of the biblical text and archaeological data. Kelly J. Failla Emory. Remarkably, however, the East German leadership does not order its security forces Young people in the GDR.
book take action. In order not to shock his still fragile mother, Alex recreates an ersatz East Germany in her apartment, providing her with socialist radio shows, disgusting communist coffee and troops of visiting young pioneers singing songs about the workers' paradise.
Many suffered a great deal at the hands of the Stasi. I am using the cognitive linguistic theory of metaphor to explore how metaphorical language both describes and prescribes our notions of, and relation to God. These questions are largely informed by my experiences in Kenya and my ongoing involvement with a Faith-Based Organization there.
As many GDR citizens were able to tune into West German television, they soon learned of the mass protest — and that openly opposing their increasingly weak regime was now possible without having to fear for one's life.
At the same time, there were heightened military tensions between US and Soviet forces in Berlin, accelerating immigration from the east. There was also a certificate. Grossman also explains why the Berlin Wall was built in His research focuses on religion, race and economy in the 19th century African Atlantic world.
Amanda Knight My research interests lie in St. You are also encouraged to pull out drawers and open cabinets to reveal even more objects, such as a floor plan of a GDR apartment or a report from the state security Stasi.
He lied to recruiters about his long list of leftwing associations, including membership in the CPUSA. My educational background includes a B.
After examining relevant external and internal evidence, I concluded that this text is most likely a post-Pauline addition to 1 Corinthians.This chapter explores the ways in which young people revised their loyalties towards the GDR and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) during the period from October to October It analyses how loyalty to each state developed in the absence of any officially sponsored patriotic programme.
The analysis indicates that the relationship of young people towards the GDR Author: Anna Saunders. The Best Young-Adult Books of All Time We're living in a golden age of young-adult literature, when books ostensibly written for teens are equally adored by readers of every generation.
In. For the young generation growing up during this period, 'normality' was turned on its head, leaving a sense of insecurity and inner turmoil. Using a combination of archival research and interviews, together with educational materials and government reports, this book examines the relationship between young people and their two successive Cited by: 3.
Pdf in the GDR: Berlin's East Germany museum music, books, industrial production, nude beaches, and so on. A recently formed group of young people from eastern Germany - Third Generation.Aroundpeople were informers the secret police of the GDR's communist regime, when the Berlin Wall fell in -- that's according to Thuringia's state .Republic Day (German: Tag der Republik) was an official holiday ebook East Germany, celebrated annually on ebook October from to Republic Day commemorates the anniversary of the establishment of the German Democratic Republic on 7 October On Republic Day, the Government of the GDR awarded many people the National Award of the ations: Fireworks, Concerts, Parades.
libraryonding.com - Young people in the GDR. book © 2020


Thank you for donating to support our annual Yogathon and the Iyengar Yoga Association of Greater New York.
The Yogathon takes place on Sunday, June 5 starting at 12:15pm with the Connecting to our Legacy Class (All Levels, $40), followed by a free Children's Yoga Class for kids 3 & Up. At 2:00pm, the Main Event commences with the live Yogathon extravaganza featuring Association Teachers from our three-state region.
We hope to see you on June 5th.
Thank you so much for your very generous donation to the Hazel Playground Fund. We're so excited to help the children in our neighborhood build wonderful memories at our new playground next year. We couldn't do it without the kindness and support of friends and family like you! We truly appreciate it!


text:
Global power struggle and us Part I
From the 70s to date Pakistan has often been on the centre stage in the global power struggle and its role has always benefited the USA immensely. One such role was played when Pakistan brought about President Richard M Nixon's visit to China in Feb 1972. Nixon's visit to China helped USA contain USSR in the cold war era and also effectively neutralised the then growing Chinese nuclear threat.
In 1969, President Nixon decided that direct diplomatic contact with China ought to be established and the adverse relations between USSR and China must be used to the advantage of the USA. By Sep 1970, after numerous efforts made by USA to contact the Chinese leadership had failed miserably, Henry Kissinger decided to exploit Pakistan's excellent relations with China.
On 25 October, 1970, at the White House, President Nixon formally requested President Yahya Khan to convey to the Chinese leadership that the USA was desirous of establishing full diplomatic relations with China and would like the Chinese to agree to receive a high level delegation from USA. Assurances were also conveyed that the issue of Taiwan will not be raised during the suggested visit. Nixon's message was conveyed by Yahya Khan to Prime Minister Chou en Lai. Since no reply came through a similar American message was repeated to the Chinese leadership by President Yahya Khan on 5 January, 1971.
Eventually, on 21 Apr 1971, Prime Minister Chou en Lai responded through a written message to President Yahya Khan authorizing him to convey, verbatim, the same to the USA. Pakistan's ambassador to USA conveyed this particular message to Kissinger on 27 April, 1971. In that message the Chinese Prime Minister had expressed China's willingness to receive, publicly, a special envoy of the US President such as Henry Kissinger (then National Security Advisor), the US Secretary of State or the President of USA himself in Peking for direct discussions and that the arrangements of any high level meeting could be made through the good offices of President Yahya Khan of Pakistan.
When President Yahya Khan delivered Nixon's first and personal message to Prime Minister Chou en Lai the latter had told the Pakistani President that China had received many messages from the USA and through many different sources but China had not even responded to them. He said now that President Nixon has sent his message through Pakistan's President it shall be given due importance and will be considered by himself, Chairman Mao Tse-Tung and Vice Chairman Lin Piao. This illustrates how prominent Pakistan's role was in creating the USA-China thaw.
Prominent amidst many discreet contacts made between USA and China through Pakistan, in the year 1971, was the secret visit of Henry Kissinger to Peking in July 1971. Henry Kissinger was secretly flown to Peking by Pakistan where he met, secretly, the Chinese top leadership to pave the way for the projected visit of President Nixon to China. Even at the time that Kissinger was secretly flown to Peking the situation in East Pakistan had become perilously precarious. Yet, Pakistan's leadership failed to exploit its enviable position with China and the USA to stall India's efforts aimed at the creation of Bangladesh. Conversely, USSR supported India, wholeheartedly.
Eventually, President Nixon undertook a week long visit to China from 21-28 Feb 1972. So important was this visit that Nixon himself had termed his visit "as the week that changed history". The meeting with Chairman Mao Tse-Tung was dubbed by Henry Kissinger as "an encounter with history". It was Pakistan that had made this possible when every other effort made by USA had failed. Arguably, Nixon's visit to China was one of the biggest ever diplomatic successes achieved by the USA to date and Pakistan was a propelling force contributing immensely to that success.
Had the USA-China breakthrough not happened when it did and, instead, had USSR and China become allies in the seventies most of the world today would have been socialist and USA would not have been the sole super power of the world.
Together, China and USSR extended from the Pacific Ocean to the eastern parts of Europe and the Baltic Sea which gave access to the Atlantic Ocean. Who could have then stopped the march of socialism all the way to the American Continent, throughout Asia and most of Europe? President Nixon's breaking ice with China prevented these eventualities and Nixon's ice breaking visit to China was made possible, at that crucial point of time, by Pakistan. Then onwards while the USA moved, assuredly, towards winning the cold war and becoming the world's sole super power China too broke out of its isolation.
In 1971, while Pakistan was playing global power games to the detriment of the USSR the India-USSR combine was undermining Pakistan's integrity. Was the Indian effort to break up Pakistan in 1971 abetted by the USSR in order to teach Pakistan a lesson for creating a thaw in the US-Chinese relationship? Was our leadership not alive to this situation? Why do Pakistan and the USA not have the best of trustworthy relations in the light of history? Pakistan needs to search for answers as history seems to be repeating itself.
The inconspicuousness and inherent anonymity http://cellspyapps.org of ask


Very sunny New Apartment in the centre of Courchevel Moriond and very quiet.
Courchevel le Praz : Exclusive sale "La Ferme des Lanches"
One of the most beautiful views of Courchevel le Praz, in one of the resort's sunniest locations.
© 2019 Immobilière Courchevel. All right reserved.


text:
Monastycyzm (z łac. monasticus, od gr. monastērion - cela pustelnika, z monachos - samotny) – forma życia religijnego, której podstawą jest życie, zgodne z regułą zakonną, we wspólnocie zakonnej (klasztor);  w chrześcijaństwie, a także m.in. w religiach pogańskich (westalki), w judaizmie (qumrańczycy), w buddyzmie (sangha) i in.

Monastycyzm ma na celu kult religijny - służbę Bogu czy dążenie do samorealizacji przez czystość duchową, ubóstwo, umartwianie się, modlitwę, kontemplację lub medytację.

Zobacz też
 monastycyzm chrześcijański
 monastycyzm buddyjski
 cenobityzm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
What Is the Alliance?
Cambridge Declaration
How to Join the Alliance
Alliance Member Churches
Reformation Societies
Who are the Alliance Contributors
Place for Truth
Reformation21
Reforma21
The Bible Study Hour
No Falling Word
Dr. Barnhouse & the Bible
Mortification of Spin
Theology on the Go
Blogging The Institutes
Reading with M'Cheyne
Think and Act Biblically
Through the Westminster Confession
Alliance Live
B.B. Warfield Memorial Lecture Series
Philadelphia Conference on Reformed Theology
Quakertown Conference on Reformed Theology
Blue Ridge Institute for Theological Education
Reformed Events
Alliance Articles
International Council on Biblical Inerrancy
Reformed Resources
Alliance Apps
Christward Collective
Cloud of Witnesses
Faith at Work
Seen and Heard
Theology for Everyone
PFT Booklets
Donate to the Alliance
Luther's Life: Melanchthon, a Dear Friend
Steven McCarthy
The name "Martin Luther" tends to conjure up solitary images. Whether he was pinning his 95 theses to the church door in Wittenberg, making speeches before an Imperial court at Worms, or hiding out in Wartburg Castle translating the Bible, we often picture Luther alone. But then there are the domestic scenes of Luther with his Katherine and children, or spouting his famous "Table Talk" over supper with companions. And we cannot remember Luther rightly unless we recall his calmer, quieter friend Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560).
Melanchthon arrived in Wittenberg to be professor of Greek at age 21. He came to be regarded in his field as second only to Erasmus. Unlike Erasmus, however, Melanchthon found that he agreed with the German monk's analysis of St. Paul's epistles.[i] In turn, Luther, 14 years his senior, gladly sat under his lectures and even published them without his permission. A friendship was sparked that would be marked throughout (even in the midst of intense personal conflict) by mutual admiration. Two years after they met, Melanchthon said, "he would rather die than be separated from Luther," and later that same year he stated, "Martin's welfare is dearer to me than my own life."[ii]
The year they met was crucial for Luther, who was summoned to Rome in 1518 for "trial on suspicion of heresy". Philip intervened, sending word to Elector Fredrick the Wise urging him not to cave in to the demands of the Papal delegate who insisted Luther be handed over in chains to Rome. During Luther's debate at Leipzig, his opponent John Eck became perturbed by the involvement of the young upstart Greek scholar feeding Luther information and ideas, and wrote a violent denunciation. Ignoring Eck's personal attacks, he responded with a defense of Luther's doctrines and the Scriptural authority on which they stood.[iii] Mild mannered Melanchthon was being drawn into the life and death struggle of the thundering reformer.
Linked in battle against the powers of the day, their friendship was forever sealed. Yet the contrast between them is as important for appreciating the significance of their friendship to the Protestant Reformation as the unity of their cause. Luther described it well when he wrote his preface to Melanchthon's Commentary on Colossians in 1529:
I am rough, boisterous, stormy, and altogether warlike. … I must remove stumps and stones, cut away thistles and thorns, and clear the wild forests; but Master Philippus comes along softly and gently, sowing and watering with joy, according to the gifts which God has abundantly bestowed upon him.[iv]
While Luther never wrote a complete systematic theology, Melanchthon composed the Loci Communes, which influenced later Protestant doctrinal manuals including Calvin's Institutes. He also penned the Augsburg Confession (1530), which lies behind the reformation Church of England's Thirty-nine articles, and impacted Westminster, Dort, and Heidelberg.[v] He moderated debates and discussions between the Lutherans and both Rome and other Protestants. He even forged a second, seemingly unlikely friendship with John Calvin.[vi] His orderly mind and irenic tone made him a necessary complement to Luther's fire, allowing him to persevere in conversations where Luther was known to literally overturn tables!
The work of reformation certainly requires Martins, but we sometimes dismiss its Philips out of hand as cowards. We celebrate brash combatants, and forget conciliatory thinkers. But we should recall how Luther and Melanchthon strengthened each other. Melanchthon was agonizing over the Augsburg Confession, and wrote to Luther, who wrote back, bolstering his friend. The day after Philip's confession was presented, Cardinal Campeggio stood up and attacked the Protestants. Melanchthon replied that they could not "desert the truth" and prayed that the Catholics would concede to them what they could not relinquish. Campeggio responded that he would never concede, asserting, "The keys do not err." Melanchthon then declared, "To God we will commit our cause and ourselves. If God be for us, who can be against us?"[vii] May we all prove such friends of peace and truth in our
Steven McCarthy is pastor of the Reformed Presbyterian Church in Walton, NY, and a graduate of the Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Pittsburgh, PA. He is currently a Th.M. student at Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary in Grand Rapids, MI. He and his wife have two boys and are expecting their third child.
[i] Roland H. Bainton, Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1950), 92.
[ii] Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church, Vol. 7: Modern Christianity: The German Reformation (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1979), 192.
[iii] Clyde Leonard Manschreck, Melancthhon: The Quiet Reformer (New York: Abingdon Press, 1958), 44-50.
[iv] Quoted in Schaff, 193.
[v] Manschreck, 13-14.
[vi] See James T. Hickman, "The Friendship of Melanchthon and Calvin," in Westminster Theological Journal 38.2 (1976), 152-165, for analysis of their correspondence.
[vii] Manschreck, 196.
Share on Facebook Tweet Widget
Augsburg Confession
Biblical Documents
MORE FROM THE ALLIANCE
AllianceNet
Join as a Friend of the Alliance
Featured: The God of Creation by Rick Phillips
Calvin for 2020
Struck Down but Not Destroyed
Revelation: The Sovereign Reign of the Exalted Christ
The Alliance is a coalition of pastors, scholars, and churchmen who hold the historic creeds and confessions of the Reformed faith and who proclaim biblical doctrine in order to foster a Reformed awakening in today's Church.
© Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals, Inc. All rights reserved
Search the Alliance
600 Eden Road
alliance@alliancenet.org
Canadian Donors:
Canadian Committee of The Bible Study Hour
PO Box 24087, RPO Josephine
North Bay, ON, P1B 0C7


text:
<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use App\Gazette\Models\Role;
use Closure;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard;
use Laracasts\Flash\Flash;

class AuthenticateManagement
{
	/**
	 * The Guard implementation.
	 *
	 * @var Guard
	 */
	protected $auth;

	/**
	 * Create a new filter instance.
	 *
	 * @param  Guard $auth
	 */
	public function __construct(Guard $auth)
	{
		$this->auth = $auth;
	}

	/**
	 * Handle an incoming request.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
	 * @param  \Closure $next
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	public function handle($request, Closure $next)
	{
		if ( $this->auth->guest() )
		{
			if ( $request->ajax() ) return response('Unauthorized.', 401);

			Flash::error('Authentication required.');

			return redirect()->guest(route('management.auth.create'));
		}

		if ( $this->auth->user()->hasRole(Role::SUBSCRIBER) )
		{
			Flash::error('You do not have the necessary authorization.');

			return redirect()->guest(route('home'));
		}

		return $next($request);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Self Description: I'm a grown woman, and I still believe in perfect love. And I know that I can meet my man. I am romantic, kind and gentle. I am easy-going and very balanced person. I am an optimist, and I'm enjoying every day. I love to travel and I like to get new experience. I'm a real woman.
Comments: Kind man with a good sense of humor. A man who believes in love and ready to do romantic acts. I simply want to follow my heart and to have a feeling that it's my true man.