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Taijiquan Classic
Original Chinese Language Text By: Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰)
(Translated by Adrian Chan-Wyles PhD)
Translator's Note: Grand Master Chan Tin Sang (陳天生) [1924-1993] requested that when the time was right, this text should be translated into the English language to assist all future Taijiquan practitioners in the West perfect their art. This is a new English translation of the Chinese language text entitled '《太極拳經》 張三丰', or 'Taijiquan Classic By Zhang Sanfeng', which comes through the Yang (楊) School of Taijiquan. The particular text used in this translation is preserved within the (ethnically Hakka Chinese) Ch'an Dao Martial Arts School, and acquired through the Yang Chengfu lineage of the Yang School. Where necessary, I have added clarification of the philosophical terms found in this text, to assist the general reader build a picture of the cultural world the author inhabited. I have also minutely analysed each Chinese language ideogram where required, to provide extra clarity regarding otherwise obscure or unfamiliar terms, as the Taijiquan Classic is considered the basis of all Taijiquan texts. I have also referenced contemporary Chinese language research texts about Taijiquan, a short list of which has been added to the end of this translation, and I retain the original Chinese language text. It is important to understand that it is literally believed within the Yang School that the Daoist Immortal Zhang Sanfeng wrote this text, and there is no reference to the story (preserved in other Taijiquan lineages), that the Taijiquan 'Classical' texts were discovered in a Salt Shop in 1852, etc. This is a logical assumption from a Chinese academic perspective, as ample references to the existence of Zhang Sanfeng can be found within Chinese language historical records, more or less unexplored (or ignored) by Western researchers. Needless to say, the weight of evidence in China points to the existence of Zhang Sanfeng (primarily during the Ming Dynasty, although with some reference to the Song and Yuan) and it would be highly illogical to assume that he did not exist. Furthermore, the likelihood that he developed the basis of Taijiquan is also recorded and available for assessment. The Western notion, (commonly found within non-Chinese language Taijiquan research), that a priori assumes that Zhang Sanfeng does not exist, is something of a well established Eurocentric myth. The ancient philosophical term of 'Taiji' (太極) can be traced to the 'Great Treatise' (Da Zhuan) section of the ancient 'Change Classic' (易經 – Yi Jing), comprising the 5th and 6th chapters of the Ten Wings (十翼 – Shi Yi) commentaries associated with that book. The great sage Confucius (孔夫子 – Kong Fu Zi) [551 – 479 BCE] is believed to have made a study of the Change Classic, and to have personally penned the philosophical content of the Da Zhuan, although it is also speculated that his students (or even grand-students), added this information in the name of their teacher, sometime after his passing. Whatever the case, the Da Zhuan had developed its received structure by around 300 BCE (around the time of the rise of the Yin-Yang School). This would suggest that the term 'Taiji' could not have been developed any later than 300 BCE, that is toward the end of the very violent and bloody Warring States Period. Curiously, in the Mawangdui Tomb version of the Yijing, (dated to around 168 BCE), the term 'Tai Ji' [太極] is replaced in the 'Appended Statements' section with the term 'Da Heng' [大恆], or 'Great Constancy'. The Mawangdui Tomb also contained a silk painting depicting numerous martial-like health-giving postures and techniques, many of which look remarkably similar in principle to those that comprise contemporary Taijiquan (太極拳) practice. From ancient times in China, up until the 18th and 19th centuries CE, myth and legend abound about Taijiquan-type martial arts that used similar movements but were known by other names. It is entirely plausible that an early 'internal' martial arts was founded thousands of years ago, premised upon the principles found within the Change Classic (Yijing), the Daoist Classics, and other Treatises such as Sunzi's Art of War, etc. This is an entirely logical supposition premised upon extant knowledge, as China possessed many different and varied martial styles of very ancient origination. For instance, the premise of an early Taijiquan-like healing martial art can be found in the movements associated with the art of Yangshengfa (養生法) or 'Nourishing-Life Law', which was in existence from at least the early 4th century BCE in China. This art used various postures including bending, expanding, condensing and extending, coupled with deep breathing and qi-energy circulation. Judging from the content of training manuals said to have existed around this time, these movements (and breathing exercises) were premised upon the movements of animals. During the Liang Dynasty (502–587), and Tang Dynasty (618-907) there already existed a Taijiquan-like martial arts, with names such as the 'Thirty-Seven Postures' (三十七势 – San Shi Qi Shi), 'Later Divine Sky Law' (後天法 – Hou Tian Fa), and 'Small Nine Divine Sky' (小玖天 – Xiao Jiu Tian). The 'Taijiquan Classic' – the text that is the subject of this translation – is attributed to the Daoist Immortal known as Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰). Modern Chinese scholarship states that the birth and death dates for this Daoist priest are uncertain, although some sources tentatively suggest 1279-1368, and there is a story that he in fact lived more than 250 years. If these dates are accurate, then Zhang Sanfeng lived during the (foreign) Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), although if he had an extraordinary life-span, (such as that expected of outstanding Daoists), he would have lived well into the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) – transcending the physical realm in the year 1521. Although the historicity is open to question due to its lack of clarity, it is said that Zhang Sanfeng was an outstanding scholar who studied the Shaolin martial arts before retiring from the world and dedicating himself to Daoist self-cultivation on the Wudang Mountain. During this time, it is believed that he refined the Shaolin martial techniques, and developed the purely 'internal' approach now associated with modern Taijiquan practice. In the 'Taijiquan Classic', Zhang Sanfeng refers to his art as 'Long Fist' (長拳 – Chang Quan), and it is an interesting speculation as to whether this may refer to the well-known Shaolin style of that name – albeit in the modified form he had created, premised upon ancient Chinese philosophical systems. Certainly by the 16th century, General Qi Jiguang (1528-1588) of the Ming Dynasty was including Taijiquan-like movements in his famous manual entitled 'Record of Military Training' (練兵實紀 – Lian Bing Shi Ji), comprising of 32 martial movements – 16 'internal' and 16 'external'. Indeed, Chen Ziming (陈子明) [d. 1951], a 17th generation descendent of the Chan Family Clan of the Chen Village (situated in the Chenjiagou area of Henan province), and a 9th generation inheritor of the Chen Style of Taijiquan, is of the opinion that his family's martial art was created by Chen Wangting (陈王庭) [1580–1660], who made use of the movements recorded in General Qi Jiguang's manual. However, another version of the origination of Taijiquan states that a disciple of Zhang Sanfeng named Wang Zongyue (王宗岳) taught Chen Wangting the Wudang art, and that this is how the Chen family acquired the martial system that would become known as 'Taijiquan'. Of course, General Qi's manual is comprised of a collection of martial techniques extant at the time of its writing, gathered from many different styles. Modern scholarship suggests that the specific term 'Taijiquan' (太極拳) was first used during the reign of the Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong (r. 1735-1786). Yang Luchan (杨露禅) [1799-1872], is said to have learned his 'Chen Family Style' of Taijiquan from Master Chen Changxin (陳長興) [1771-1853], of the Chen Village situated in the Chenjiagou area of Henan province. Master Chen Changxin was a 14th generational descendant of the Chen Family Clan, and 6th generational Taijiquan master. Yang Luchan broke with the old tradition of never teaching outside one's own family or clan, and is responsible for popularising Taijiquan, which eventually spread around the world. Taijiquan is a Chinese martial art with Chinese cultural roots, that developed through the auspices of the Chinese language system (both oral and written). Obviously, in recognition of this fact, I reject the Eurocentric habit of denigrating Chinese traditional knowledge and its associated history (such as that found in the work of such Westerners as Stanley Hemming, Brian Kennedy and others, etc), as being a manifestation of poor academic method, and start from the basic premise that it is from Chinese language academic sources that the answers about Taijiquan will emerge, being as it is, a product of the Chinese cultural milieu.
ACW 25.9.2016
Title Translation: Taijiquan Classic
Taijiquan Classic (太極拳經 – Tai Ji Quan Jing)
太 (tai4) = Grand, in excess, very big or large
極 (ji2) = Ridge-pole, extreme, highest, top-most, or furthest.
拳 (quan2) = Fist, boxing, sparing or martial strength.
經 (jing1) = Classic books, religious scriptures, or books of significant value, containing wise rules and sound regulations (upon any subject) that are intended to endure for all time. Literally the warp thread on a loom that (defines the design) and holds the entire structure together.
Taijiquan Classic (太極拳經 – Tai Ji Quan Jing) = Grand Ridge-pole Fist Classic
The 'Grand-Ridge-pole' holds-up the divine sky and presses down the broad earth. The 'Grand Ridge-pole' supports and defines the entire universe, with humanity existing below the divine sky and upon the broad earth. For the universe (and all life within it) to be healthy, vibrant and content, qi-energy (氣) must flow unhindered through its entire structure (mediated by the 'Grand Ridge-pole' which is synonymous with the human 'spine'), and exist in a state of unobstructed abundance. Obstructed qi-energy in the mind, body and environment leads to stagnation, illness, and degradation. When these obstructions are cleared, health and nature functions correctly and without stultification. This concept probably emerged from a granary in old China that was round in structure with its roof held-up by a single, central pillar (極 – ji2). Later, grand houses would also be built containing a large, robust and impressive central pillar holding-up the roof of the main room. As a 'closed fist' (拳 – quan2), the indication is that it is vastly superior to other, more mundane martial arts, as it is based upon a universal blue-print that although combat effective, it actually engages the practitioner in building good psychological and physical good health, whilst pursuing a moral path in the world that prevents wanton violence, and keeps good qi-energy flowing through all existence. The martial movements of Taijiquan are simultaneously masterful in countering human aggression, whilst unblocking hindered qi-flow and permanently working for the establishment and maintenance of good health. The act of combining correct posture and movement with breathing deeply and fully, strengthens the link between the individual and the environment (i.e. 'universe'). Power comes not from anger or hatred in the mind, or excessive muscular tension in the body, but rather by dropping the bodyweight into the ground (creating a 'rooted' stance), whilst remaining 'light' in movement (and emitting a powerful force in all directions). The martial art of Taijiquan represents a robust and centralised perfection of balance that is inclusive of all things, and which serves, through its rounded alignment of posture and correct timing and positioning, to reduce all imbalances to its own inherent, perfected state. A master of Taijiquan rolls unhindered across the ground like an iron ball that no force can stop, but which dissolves all obstructions in its path.
Main Body of Text Translation: Taijiquan Classic
The entire body moves in an integrated manner, and is directed by a buoyant (and expansive) spiritual (ling) awareness. All movements are held together, as if threaded upon a single cord. The qi-energy should be strongly aroused (and energised), whilst the internal (empty) spiritual essence (shen) is gathered, and concentrated (in an all-pervasive manner). The distinct postures should be free of any technical error, and there must be no sudden (and disconnecting) movement that collapses the postural (i.e. 'skeletal') alignment of the body either inward (toward the centre) or outward (away from the centre), and which interrupts the already steady flow of the movement. The feet are rooted to the ground, whilst the bodyweight is dropped (and released) through the legs. This process is controlled and directed through the waist and manifests through the hands and the fingers. The feet, legs and waist are integrated through the cultivation of an expanded awareness that generates a unified field of qi-energy. Whether the stance-work advances or retreats, the positioning and timing is always co-ordinated and powerful. If the positioning and timing is not co-ordinated properly, the postural alignment of the body is compromised, and all co-ordinated power is lost. In such a situation, the (alignment) error must be found within the (positioning) of the waist and legs. When all the postures are properly aligned and co-ordinated, the bodyweight drops (unhindered) through the waist, legs and feet, rooting the practitioner to the ground, and the subsequent movement, whether up or down, front or back, left or right, are all without difference. This is because all difference is reconciled in the attainment of expansive 'intention' (yi), which has no basis in (dualistic and confusing) externality. If there is up, there is down. If there is forward, there is back, and if there is left, there is right. If 'intention' (yi) is directed upward, it has simultaneously implicit within it, the ability to be directed downward. If this (combined psycho-physical) 'force' (li) is correctly applied to an opponent in self-defence, by alternating between projecting force and withdrawing force, then without a doubt, the 'root' of the opponent will be instantly 'cut-off', and the threat quickly removed (as the opponent cannot 'stand' to muster resistive strength). There should be a clear understanding of (and distinction between) the state of 'emptiness' (xu) – (when bodyweight and concentrated force is absent from part of the body), and the state of 'fullness' (shi) – (when bodyweight and concentrated 'force' is present in part of the body), as these two states should manifest and alternate here and now, and be present (and applied) to each and every situation. When (Taijiquan) technique is mastered, all parts of the body are co-ordinated (as if strung together on a single cord), and there is no break (anywhere) in the flawless continuity, during the practice of the integrated movements.
This martial expression is referred to as 'Long Fist' (Chang Quan), because like the Yangtze River, or the Great Ocean, the movements (and sequences of movements), are expansive and strongly surge forward and back (like the powerful tide), whilst the Taijiquan form flows forever onward, without interruption or discernible end. The eight trigrams [八卦 – Ba Gua] (found in the Classic of Change) are arranged in 'Earlier Divine Sky' (先天 – Xian Tian) or 'prenatal' pattern, which forms the philosophical foundation for the art of Taijiquan. These eight trigrams manifest through the following eight technical principles of Taijiquan practice:
1) 掤 (peng2) – The left-hand particle of '扌', is a contraction of '手' (shou3), referring to the use of an 'open hand'. The right-hand particle is '朋' (peng2), which denotes the wings of a large bird – that possesses the power to create expansive and rising force with a flap of its wings (the type of cultivated power that Taijiquan technique generates in the arms and hands, during the exercise of 'warding-off').
2) 履 (lu3) – The title of the 10th Hexagram of the Classic of Change, implying 'careful', or 'cautious' stepping or treading. As this ideogram contains the upper left-hand of particle '尸' (shi1), which refers to a person 'squatting' backwards, this Taijiquan principle is associated with 'rolling-back'. On the ancient oracle bones, 'shi1' clearly donates a person 'rolling-back':
3) 挤 (ji3) - The left-hand particle of '扌', is a contraction of '手' (shou3), referring to the use of an 'open hand'. The right-hand particle is '齐' (qi2), and refers to a field of wheat that has grown to an 'even' or 'equal' height. This implies a hand that is used to press, to squeeze, or to wring-out whilst using an 'even' pressure. This 'pressing' and 'twisting' motion is applied in such away so as to remove all discord in the situation by making all things 'equal'.
4) 按 (an4) - The left-hand particle of '扌', is a contraction of '手' (shou3), referring to the use of an 'open hand'. The right-hand particle is '安' (an1), which denotes a woman within a house. Through the good nature of a woman, peace and tranquillity manifest in the world. A hand that is used to 'stop', 'halt' and 'control'. A hand that 'follows' and 'examines' but which does not get 'caught' or remain 'static', is able to 'push' without undue effort, and attain its objective without resistance.
5) 採 (cai3) - The left-hand particle of '扌', is a contraction of '手' (shou3), referring to the use of an 'open hand'. The right-hand particle is '采' (cai3), which literally describes a hand 'plucking' fruit from a tree. Within the context of Taijiquan practice, this symbolises the hand that 'plucks', 'gathers' and 'collects'. A hand that 'extracts' or 'takes away',
6) 挒 (lie4) - The left-hand particle of '扌', is a contraction of '手' (shou3), referring to the use of an 'open hand'. The right-hand particle is '列' (lie4), which combines '歹' (dai3) or 'bone' (i.e. the 'remains' of a body) – with '刂' (dao1), or 'knife'. The implication is that the dead body is cut-up in an expert manner with the use of a knife. There are no wasted strokes, and the Taijiquan meaning is that the hand is used to create order in the world by clearly 'distinguishing' (or 'splitting') everything into its proper place, whilst ensuring, through correct placement, that everything remains in its proper position.
7 肘 (zhou3) - The left-hand particle '肉' (rou4) [contracted to '月'] refers to a rack of ribs – as in 'meat', whilst the right-hand particle '寸' (cun4) indicates an open hand with the fingers apart. This ideogram refers to an 'elbow', or the hard boney area in the middle of the arm – situated between two areas of muscle and flesh. The art of Taijiquan emphasises the use of the elbow to 'intercept', 'check' or 'catch'.
8) 靠 (kao4) - The upper particle is '告' (gao4), which is comprised of a 'cow' in the top element (牛) [niu2], and '口' (kou3) in the bottom element, which signifies a cow making noise (as in raising an alarm, or drawing attention to a situation). The lower particle '非' (fei3) carries the ancient meaning of 'broken wings', and is used to indicate the 'absence' of something (as in 'no', 'negative' not to be', etc). Within Taijiquan, this refers to making use of the shoulder, (left and right), which momentarily 'attends' to the opponent by applying 'leaning' pressure to check, re-direct and 'break-up' an attack.
From the 'Five Phases' (wuxing) of qi-energy transformation, the following five 'steps' of Taijiquan are generated:
a) 進步 (jin4bu4) – Literally 'forward step', 'progressive step' or 'advancing step'. The ideogram '進' (jin4) is comprised of the left-hand particle '辶' (chuo4) which denotes feet walking along a road, whilst the right-hand particle '隹' (zhui1) denotes 'short-tailed bird'. When placed together in '進' (jin4), there is present the positive ideas of 'moving forward', 'progressing' 'improving' and even 'entering' (like a person on a journey, or a bird taking flight). The ideogram '步' (bu4) is comprised of the upper particle of '止' (zhi3), which usually denotes a stationary foot, but in this instance, it is augmented by the lower particle of '少' (shao3), which indicates that both feet are moving forward, taking a small or definite number of steps. Therefore, the Taijiquan meaning of '進步 (jin4bu4)' is 'stepping forward' in a clearly defined and co-ordinated manner, a process guided by the boundaries that define the 'correct' practice of Taijiquan technique.
b) 退步 (tui4bu4) – Literally 'backward step', 'regressive step', or 'retreating step'. The ideogram '退' (tui4) is comprised of the left-hand particle '辶' (chuo4) which denotes feet walking along a road, whilst the right-hand particle '艮' (gen4) not only refers to the 7th trigram of the Classic of Change (that denotes a 'mountain'), but is also written (in the lower particle) as a man facing right '匕' (hua4). The upper particle is '目' (mu4), which denotes an 'eye'. A man facing right is walking 'out' of the ideogram (because he can clearly see which way to go), and so the meaning of 'retreat' is generated. The ideogram '步' (bu4) is comprised of the upper particle of '止' (zhi3), which usually denotes a stationary foot, but in this instance, it is augmented by the lower particle of '少' (shao3), which indicates that both feet are moving forward, taking a small or definite number of steps. Therefore, the Taijiquan meaning of '退步 (tui4bu4)' is 'stepping back' in a clearly defined and co-ordinated manner, a process guided by the boundaries that define the 'correct' practice of Taijiquan technique.
c) 左顧 (zou3gu4) – Literally 'left look, left gaze, and 'look east'. The ideogram '左' (zou3) is comprised of the left-hand particle '𠂇' (you4) symbolises a 'right hand', and the right-hand particle '工' (gong1) conveys the meaning of 'work'. Traditionally, the ideogram '左' (zou3) refers to an action (or activity) taking place to the 'left'. The ideogram '顧' (gu4) is comprised of the left-hand particle '雇' (gu4), which is comprised of the top element '户' (hu4) meaning 'door', 'family', or 'household', and the lower element '隹' (zhui1) denoting a 'short-tailed bird'. The right-hand particle is '頁' (ye4), which in its original form refers to the 'head'. The ideogram '雇' (gu4) is taken to imply the correct positioning of the head, so that the 'vision' may clearly perceive all that it discerns. Therefore, the Taijiquan meaning of '左顧 (zou3gu4)' is to 'gaze authoritatively to the left', so that the door and the short-tailed bird are clearly perceived in the environment by positioning the head (and body) correctly (so as to discern all environmental objects), in a clearly defined and co-ordinated manner, a process guided by the boundaries that define the 'correct' practice of Taijiquan technique.
d) 右盼 (you4pan4) – Literally 'right look, right gaze', and 'look west'. The ideogram '右' (you4) is comprised of the left-hand particle '又' (you4) which represents a 'right hand', and the right-hand particle '口' (kou3) which symbolises an 'open mouth'. The person who 'talks' is to the 'right' of the hand that guides, therefore the ideogram '右' (you4) refers to actions that originate to the right (literally 'not left'). The ideogram '盼' (pan4) is comprised of the left-hand particle '目' (mu4) which means 'eyes' or 'vision', and the right-hand particle '分' (fen1) which denotes a 'knife' or 'sword' (刀 – dao1), that cleanly cuts thing up into 'eight' (八 – ba1) pieces. This is why the ideogram '盼' (pan4) refers to a developed act of visual perception that not only clearly perceives, but which also penetrates deeply (like the act of 'cutting') into the myriad objects of the outer world. Therefore, the Taijiquan meaning of '右盼 (you4pan4)' is to 'profoundly penetrate (with a developed visual perception) the objects of the outer world, whilst (in this instance) looking to the right', in a clearly defined and co-ordinated manner, a process guided by the boundaries that define the 'correct' practice of Taijiquan technique.
e) 中定 (zhong1ding4) – Literally 'centralised stability', 'middle placement', and 'centrally focused'. The ideogram '中' (zhong1) simply indicates the 'middle' or the 'centre' of something, but in its
'中' (zhong4) interpretation, it refers to an arrow cleanly penetrating the centre of a target. This is why this ideogram carries the meaning of 'adhering' to, and 'penetrating' the centre with a well profound accuracy and cultivated ease. The ideogram '定' (ding4) is comprised of the upper particle '宀' (mian2), which represents a 'roof', and the lower ideogram '疋' (pi3) which denotes a length of cloth cut to a definite and specific 'fixed' length. This is a variant of '正' (zheng4), that refers to a virtuous person who holds the authority to 'fix' legal limits, and mete out judicial punishments. This is why the ideogram '定' (ding4) holds the meaning of 'deciding', 'fixing' and to 'settle'. Therefore, the Taijiquan meaning of '中定 (zhong1ding4)' is to 'adhere to the centre' and always 'penetrate the middle', that is both psychological as well as physical. This suggests the disciplining of the mind by 'fixing' its attention to the centre of perception, and the centralised balancing of the body (which is never abandoned) in a clearly defined and co-ordinated manner, a process guided by the boundaries that define the 'correct' practice of Taijiquan technique.
Therefore, it can be stated that the first four attributes correspond with the following four trigrams and the four cardinal points on the (Chinese) compass:
1) 掤 (peng2) = Trigram (☰) 乾 (qian2) - South
2) 履 (lu3) = Trigram (☷) 坤 (kun1) - North
3) 挤 (ji3) = Trigram (☵) 坎 (kan3) - West
4) 按 (an4) = Trigram (☲) 離 (li2) – East
It can be further stated that the remaining four attributes correspond with the following trigrams, and the four ordinal points on the (Chinese) compass:
5) 採 (cai3) = Trigram (☴) 巽 (xun4) – Southwest
6) 挒 (lie4) = Trigram (☳) 震 (zhen4) – Northeast
7) 肘 (zhou3) = Trigram (☱) 兌 (dui4) - Southeast
8) 靠 (kao4) = Trigram (☶) 艮 (gen4) - Northwest
The five steps correlate with the fives phases (wuxing) in the following manner:
a) 進步 (jin4bu4) = Metal (金 – jin2)
b) 退步 (tui4bu4) = Wood (木 - mu4)
c) 左顧 (zou3gu4) = Water (水 – shui3)
d) 右盼 (you4pan4) = Fire (火 – huo3)
e) 中定 (zhong1ding4) = Earth (土 – tu3)
Therefore, these eight positions and five steps comprise the thirteen principles of Taijiquan training.
An original note states: The Founding Master (Patriarch) of Wudang Mountain – Zhang Sanfeng (張三丰) – has left this authoritative Treatise (lun). All beings existing under the divine sky (tianxia) must heroically strive (through the correct practice of Taijiquan) to cultivate robust health and realise the State of Immortality (here and now). The martial techniques (of Taijiquan), although premised upon (an advanced form of) self-defence, are primarily designed to positively (and permanently) enhance the functionality of the inner biological processes, whilst simultaneously strengthening the outer structures of the body.
©opyright: Adrian Chan-Wyles (ShiDaDao) 2016.
Original Chinese Source Language Text:
《太極拳經》 張三丰
一舉動周身俱要輕靈,尤須貫串。氣宜鼓盪,神宜內斂,無使有缺陷處,無使有凹凸處,無使有斷續處。其根在腳,發於腿,主宰於腰,行於手指,由腳而腿而腰,總須完整一氣,向前退後,乃能得機得勢。有不得機得勢處,身便散亂,其病必於腰腿求之,上下前後左右皆然。凡此皆是意,不在外面,有上即有下,有前則有後,有左則有右。如意要向上,即寓下意,若將物掀起而加以挫之之力。斯其根自斷,乃攘之速而無疑。虛實宜分清楚,一處有一處虛實,處處總此一虛實,周身節節貫串,無令絲毫間斷耳。
長拳者,如長江大海,滔滔不絕也。掤、履、擠、按、採、挒、肘、靠,此八卦也。進步、退步、左顧、右盼、中定,此五行也。掤、履、擠、按,即乾、坤、坎、離、四正方也。採、挒、肘、靠,即巽、震、兌、艮、四斜角也。進退顧盼定,即金木水火土也,合之則為十三勢也。
原註云:此係武當山張三丰祖師遺論。欲天下豪傑延年益壽,不徒作技藝之末也。
Chinese Language References:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/太極拳論
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_66195ad30100ip6z.html 为杨式太极拳寻根探源
http://www.z3z4.com/a/4lhg6x5 武式(郝家)太极拳渊源
http://www.wushuweb.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=653812&page=3
太极拳源流文章汇聚帖
http://www.szzntj.com/details.php?id=166 为杨式太极拳正本清源
http://www.wdgf.cn/wdgf/zushi.html 张三丰祖师


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Spread butter on to the toast, place in frying pan with the buttered side down. Top with cheese, bacon, slices of avocado, sliced tomato and basil. Top with buttered toast, with the buttered side up. Fry for a couple of minutes and turn. Continue frying until the cheese begins to melt. Serve with an Emborg smoothie if you wish.


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Where did Dr. Oakley go to vet school? Frequently asked questions about the Nat Geo Wild star
John April 14, 2016 Animals, Did You Know?, Dr. Michelle Oakley, Reality TV
Where did Dr. Oakley go to vet school? Where does she live? Is she married? Does she prefer peanut butter M&Ms to standard peanut? Nat Geo staple Dr. Michelle Oakley regularly captivates viewers with her adventures on Dr. Oakley: Yukon Vet–but it turns out that there are still a lot of common questions about the vet. To find out everything you need to know–including the answer to the biggest question of them all–read on!
(Full disclosure: We actually were able to find out Dr. Oakley's preferred M&M flavor–"Brown, of course," she said, and reminded us why: "Moose & musk ox." So, on top of being a great vet, she's also a good sport!)
Where did Dr. Oakley go to vet school?
Dr. Michelle Oakley enrolled in Atlantic Veterinary College at the University of Prince Edward Island in 1996. The school is one of only five in Canada that offers a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, which Dr. Oakley received upon graduating in 2001. Before that, she attended the University of Michigan, graduating with a Bachelor of Science in zoology (what else?) in 1992.
Where does Dr. Oakley work?
That question is somewhat complicated! As her show points out, Dr. Oakley is "the only all-species veterinarian for hundreds of square miles" in Canada's rugged Yukon. She runs a clinic in Haines Junction–but, with only 589 people, the town is not the center of her activity. In addition to that clinic, Dr. Oakley keeps regular weekly hours in Whitehorse, Yukon's capital city (96 miles away) and in Haines, AK (148 miles off). And, of course, Dr. Oakley makes more than the occasional house call, which often necessitates long drives or air travel.
(To give non-Canadian readers an idea of the size of Dr. Oakley's turf, consider that the size of Yukon Territory is 186,272 square miles. Were it one of the United States, it would be the third-largest, behind only Texas and Alaska. Were it a European country, it would be the eighth-largest; only Sweden, Spain, France, Ukraine, Turkey, Kazakhstan, and Russia are bigger. And, for good measure, it would likewise be the eighth-biggest country in South America, trailing Chile, Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Argentina, and Brazil. The more you know!)
Okay–but, given all that territory, where does Dr. Oakley live?
She lives in Haines Junction–in part because that's where her family is (on which more in a minute) and in part because of its relative proximity to Yellowknife. Of course, as if all the travel outlined above weren't enough, Dr. Oakley is also an adjunct assistant professor at the University of Calgary's College for Veterinary Medicine (though it looks like she might have taken a leave of absence because of her show). And she works with the Calgary Zoo. Both of those institutions are 27 hours from Haines Junction by car. Her family must be used to a lot of road trips with mom!
Is Dr. Oakley Canadian, or American?
Michelle Oakley was born Michelle Plantinga to parents Steve and Georgia in northwestern Indiana. Dr. Oakley's parents live in Schererville IN, and Michelle graduated from nearby Munster High School in 1987. According to an NWI Times feature on the local star, Michelle moved to Haines Junction in 1992 in order to be with the man who would become her husband (on which more in a minute!). It's not clear whether she's become a full-blown Canadian citizen in the ensuing years, or holds dual citizenship. Given that she keeps a clinic in Alaska, though, the latter option seems the most likely.
So then is Dr. Oakley married? She must be married; you've dropped a bunch of hints about it already. Is she married?
She is indeed, and the story there is pretty cute. According to her official National Geographic bio, Dr. Oakley made her first trip to the Yukon "as a field assistant on an arctic ground squirrel ecology study" while an undergraduate at Michigan. During the study, she met a local firefighter by the name of Shane Oakley, who nicknamed her "Squirrel Girl." Love quickly followed! As did friendly competition:
Today I'm darting stone sheep and Shane is Heli #netgunning wildboar. I'm up 3-2 just saying… #yukonvet pic.twitter.com/KZwA3GIZNs
— Michelle Oakley (@YukonVet) February 23, 2016
The couple have three children: Sierra, 18; Maya, 17; and Willow, 11. Here's a shot of Dr. Oakley and Willow:
OK; you sold me. When does Dr. Oakley: Yukon Vet come on?
That might be the most important question of all! You can catch new episodes of Dr. Oakley: Yukon Vet Saturday nights at 9 PM on Nat Geo Wild. And you can follow the good doctor on Twitter here and on Instagram right over here.
(Photo credits: Where did Dr. Oakley go to vet school via Facebook)
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Sponsors: University Hospital, Toulouse; Nutricia, Inc.
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Evaluating a Participatory Nutrition Education Model on Nutrition Literacy of Adolescent Girls in Rural Ghana.
Improving the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Through a Perioperative and Coordinated Nutrition and Physical Care Program.
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Being wrong isn't just as good as being right, is it? Someone tweeted part of an audio of a Seth Godin's speech in which he said that schools prepare us for failure, or for not voicing our opinions at all. I'm actually glad to see that there are many (though I still believe not the majority of) educators who have been trying to stand up for a learner-centred education. This is all too good, but still, the fact that we've been raised like that, has probably left some scars in some people.
We've been raised with the perception that someone always knew better, and that we had to seek knowledge in other people. Hardly ever did we criticise our teacher's words. They were responsible for imparting wisdom to our empty little heads. "Hear this, read that, copy this down, and dare not say your teacher is wrong. We've been teaching you like this for centuries and it's what's led us to where we are. Why change it now?" How many of us have not grown up with the notion that we shouldn't question the status quo? How many students out there weren't afraid of putting up their hands and asking questions simply because they felt they'd look stupid in front of their classmates if they did so?
What about those scars? Have you ever had a discussion with anyone who could only mindlessly repeat what he'd read in the media? Oh, and it gets worse – they read only the headlines. I'm pretty sure we've all seen that. These are the kind of people who can't support their ideas apart from saying that person X said this, then raising their voices and calling you insane because you don't agree with him or her. And when you do ask for clarification or for further explanation, there's none. All they know is that scientists said this. Period.
Perhaps they should be reminded that science has been contradicting itself ever since men started doing research. Every time there's a new method for studying something, they find out a different thing. One day coffee is good for your health, the other day you read in the newspapers that coffee isn't exactly good for you. And it doesn't stop there. We've got to understand that in a society that is currently driven by money, there are many, many vested interests in research. How many times have tobacco companies sponsored research to say that cigarettes weren't bad for you? How many people actually believed that by smoking cigarettes they'd lead a life of luxury?
It's very easy to say that you believe in something and then get only people who you know are going to back you up to say nice things about your beliefs. If you ask me, this is similar to a brainwash. What sort of opinions am I going to get if I don't hear the other side? And it gets more dangerous. If I'm an influential person, many people who haven't learned to question will blindly follow what I say, based on my pre-fabricated data and statistics.
We can add to that the idea of predisposition. If you go to a comedy show, you already expect to laugh at the jokes. You're prepared to do that. Your whole body and mind are prepared to hear someone talk and laugh. If you just happen to be at a club and out of a sudden the very same individual appears and starts his act it might just be not funny at all.
Going with the flow simply because we know we might be putting ourselves in a position for criticism is not the kind of attitude we should encourage. Criticism can be a good thing, we've just got to keep an open mind. No one knows all the answers to everything. We can only grow if we engage in real conversation and really listen what the other people have got to say. However, if you're put in a situation in which all seems to have been set up so that someone can prove his or her point, simply walk away. This is not the kind of person who is looking for growth – this is the kind of person who is looking for worship. And that's definitely not what teachers should be doing these days. Being right or wrong might just be a matter of timing and perspective.
Well said. I often wonder about this. I am currently reading the Element and in it Robinson talks about the things we take for granted as being true. How many of those things are holding us back from changing the educational system. There are so many things we take for granted and don't question. And therein lies the problem. We don't even realize we are holding them as truths.
It may even go beyond that. We may sometimes follow an "expert" in the field and forget to ask some questions. It's a very tricky thing, especially when we dismiss other opinions when they are different from what we believe in.


Curled up in my bed.
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British History: Monarchy & Politics
Level: AS and A Level
Subject: History
Using all the sources, and your own knowledge, assess to what extent the Church Settlement of 1559 was determined by Elizabeth Is own religious and political views.
Elizabeth was brought up as a Protestant, and her birth was a major cause in the initial break with Rome. However as she lived through the Protestant reform of Edward and Catholic restoration of Mary, she was careful never to be seen as too committed to either form of religion. When she came to the throne in 1558, Elizabeth was determined to settle the religion of the country which had been through a rollercoaster of reforms in the previous three decades. She wanted to impose a settle accepted by the masses and avoid the persecutions of Mary's reign. This meant the settlement must be compromised and Elizabeth never let her own religious beliefs get in the way of achieving a stale, uniform country. Elizabeth was a Protestant and the settlement is generally seen as mostly Protestant. However she could not be too extreme for fear of foreign Catholic powers like Philip II, but she realized the financial benefits of a Protestant regime. ...read more.
These can show that the main aim for her religious settlement was to achieve political stability and influenced by her belief in divine rights. Elizabeth's political views can also be seen in the structure of the church. She kept the Catholic hierarchy with the monarch on top, followed by Archbishops, bishops, lower clergy and then the people. This meant she could keep control from the top down and the fact that she opted for this rather than the Protestant structure with congregation and clergy being more equal suggest having control was more important than having a completely Protestant church. Elizabeth did show some of her personal beliefs in the church's presentation. She liked the look of the Catholic Church, and hence the candles, relics and altars were protected in the Royal Injunctions. The priests were required to wear vestments as Elizabeth wanted them to look different from the congregation. This upset Puritans and led to the Vestiarian Controversy of 1566, but Elizabeth did not back down over the matter. ...read more.
Overall the Church Settlement seemed more influenced by Elizabeth's political rather than religious views. Her determination to achieve uniformity was the main factor the creating the settlement which was mostly 'middle way'. She never let her personal convictions get fore her need to produce a settlement which will be accepted by the majority. Elizabeth was careful no to show too much preference for either religion for fear of alienating groups of people in her country, and so it's hard to decide what her true religious beliefs were. Therefore although certain aspects such as vestments were definitely influenced by her beliefs, it's difficult to decide just how much of the settlement were as a result of her own views. On the other hand her political views are clearly reflected in the settlement in aspects such as the church structure and the use of licensing to exert control. Hence it ca be said the settlement was influenced to some extent by her religious views but even more by her political views. ...read more.
This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our AS and A Level British History: Monarchy & Politics section.
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With this 'via media' of policies, it is difficult to analyse Elizabeth's own beliefs behind the Settlement. While she may have made concessions to the Catholics in her Settlement, the Settlement itself is overall leaning towards Protestantism, and this is shown by the fact that it met with such fierce Catholic opposition.
How serious a threat did the Puritans pose to Elizabeth I and her Church?
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Alcohol and Domestic Abuse
Alcohol and domestic abuse are frequently paired. However, while alcohol is often involved in issues of intimate partner violence it is never the sole reason behind it.
By Cooper Smith | Last Edited: October 21, 2020 | 7 Sources
The Tragedy of Alcohol and Domestic Abuse
Please Take a Moment…
If you suffer abuse from an intimate partner, please stop what you're doing, and call The National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233). If you are Deaf or hard of hearing, you can still call using TTY 1-800-787-3224 or by video phone at 1-855-812-1001. There is someone available 24/7 every day of the year. They can help guide you out of a difficult situation, but you must make the first step yourself. You may also call if you are someone who commits abuse and doesn't know how to stop.
Domestic abuse, often referred to as domestic violence or intimate partner violence (IPV), is a pattern of behavior or behaviors used by one partner to maintain power and control over another partner that they are in a relationship with. Anyone, regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation, religion or age, can be a victim or perpetrator of domestic abuse. Abuse can be physical, sexual, emotional, mental, social and financial. Common tactics that an abusive partner uses to keep their victim in the cycle of an abusive relationship are:
Using coercion and threats (ie. threatening to kill themselves or their partner, hurt, or leave)
Using intimidation (ie. smashing things or displaying weapons)
Using emotional abuse (ie. humiliating, playing mind games, or name calling)
Using isolation (ie. controlling communication and time spent with others or using jealousy)
Minimizing, denying, and blaming (ie. making light of the abuse or blaming the victim)
Using children (ie. sending messages through children or threatening to take them)
Using gender privilege (ie. treating the victim like a servant)
Using economic abuse (ie. controlling money, preventing or interfering with the victims job)
How Alcohol Affects Domestic Abuse
To be perfectly clear, alcohol and alcoholism are never a sole trigger for, or cause of, domestic abuse. Rather, they are compounding factors that could eventually trigger intimate partner abuse in a violent individual. There is a misconception that when someone is an alcoholic who commits domestic abuse becomes sober they will no longer be abusive or violent. While reclaiming their sobriety can put a stop to regular abuse, that does not solve the core issue. Rather, it buries it under that person's own shame and guilt but can still come out later in time. Only by fully confronting the underlying reasons for the abuse, can someone who abuses their partner be treated.
Can Alcohol Trigger Domestic Abuse?
While there is much debate as to whether alcohol can be a lone trigger in domestic abuse, it cannot be denied that it is statistically more likely to be involved than it isn't. Two-thirds of victims of spousal abuse report that the perpetrator had been drinking at the time of the incident(s). This doesn't just apply to the U.S. Global studies show higher odds of domestic abuse if one or both partners are dependent on alcohol. However, despite these damning statistics, it has been determined that rather than alcohol causing people to abuse their partners, it is just an overlap of two separate social problems.
Alcohol and Domestic Abuse Statistics
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that roughly 55% of domestic abuse perpetrators were drinking alcohol prior to assault.
Women who are abused are 15 times more likely to abuse alcohol.
68% of the delinquent youths in Oregon treatment programs had witnessed their mother's abuse or been abused themselves.
Finding Help for Alcohol and Domestic Abuse
If you are someone who is having issues with domestic abuse or intimate partner violence, and believe alcohol plays a role, getting treatment for alcoholism may be an advisable first course of action. From there, one can get the root of issues related to the need for power and control which led to a cycle of domestic violence and alcoholism. If you're not sure where to turn, you can call the National Domestic Violence Hotline listed at the top of the page, or you can reach out to a dedicated treatment provider. They can help you find the best treatment for alcohol dependence, and get you on your first steps to sobriety.
Author — Last Edited: October 21, 2020
Cooper Smith
Cooper Smith earned his Bachelor's in Writing for Entertainment from Full Sail University. While he was initially interested in a career in television, he saw an issue in his community and felt compelled to do something more. Now, he uses his knowledge to reach out to people who may need help and make the public aware of issues we are facing as a society. When he isn't behind a computer, Cooper travels somewhere new.
Clinical Reviewer — Last Reveiwed: November 5, 2019
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Caetano, Raul. (2000). Alcohol-Related Intimate Partner Violence Among White, Black, and Hispanic Couples in the United States. Retrieved July 31st, 2018 from https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh25-1/58-65.htm
Institute of Alcohol Studies. (2015). Alcohol, Domestic Abuse, and Sexual Assault. Retrieved July 31st, 2018 from http://www.ias.org.uk/uploads/IAS%20report%20Alcohol%20domestic%20abuse%20and%20sexual%20assault.pdf
Nott, Laura. (2013). Domestic Violence and Substance Abuse in Women – The Importance of Getting Help. Retrieved July 31st, 2018 from https://www.elementsbehavioralhealth.com/addiction/domestic-violence-and-substance-abuse/
T, Buddy. (2018). The Combination of Domestic Abuse and Alcohol. Retrieved July 31st, 2018 from https://www.verywellmind.com/domestic-abuse-and-alcohol-62643
World Health Organization. (2006). World Health Organization Intimate Partner Violence and Alcohol Fact Sheet. Retrieved July 31st, 2018 from http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/world_report/factsheets/ft_intimate.pdf
University of Massachusetts Boston Department of Public Safety. (2018). Know the Facts on Domestic Violence. Retrieved on August 2, 2018 at https://www.umb.edu/public_safety/divisions/special_services/domestic_violence_unit/know_the_facts_on_domestic_violence
https://www.thehotline.org/is-this-abuse/abuse-defined/
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Buy Eugene Drucker – Bach: Solo Violin Sonatas and Partitas via Amazon
Buy Eugene Drucker – Bach: Solo Violin Sonatas and Partitas via iTunes
Throughout his tenure with the Emerson String Quartet, Eugene Drucker has maintained a separate solo career and has made a number of independent recordings. This major recording, made in 1988/89, was a casualty of the early demise of the Novello label, which first issued it in 1989. Only 1,000 copies were pressed, and the recording was never distributed in the U.S. Now it returns in sparkling new sound.
Eugene Drucker, a student of Oscar Shumsky, is a founding member of the Emerson Quartet. With this ensemble he plays more than 100 concerts a year. But he continues to make time for independent projects, including his annual appearances with the Berkshire Bach Ensemble in its New Year's Eve/New Year's Day performances of the Brandenburg Concertos. His Bach performances are the fruit of long consideration and study, reflected in his own program notes for this recording.
The original digital recordings, made by David Hancock and Da-Hong Seetoo, were remastered by Seetoo for this reissue. The results surprised even Drucker, who says the more immediate sound quality actually makes him more satisfied with his performances.
Rent Eugene Drucker – Bach: Solo Violin Sonatas and Partitas via iTunes
Sonata No. 1 in G minor
Sonata No. 2 in A minor
Partita No. 2 in D minor
Sonata No. 3 in C major
:::: Parnassus Records Classical CDs ::::


On November 27, 2016, my family and I were awoken by smoke alarms and the lower half of our house engulfed in flames. We grabbed what we could and sprinted out of the house quickly to keep ourselves safe. As I ran out the door, I called 911 to get the fire department to our home as quickly as possible. The flame rose from the dog house, up through the kitchen, snaked through my brother's room and swallowed the roof. In an effort to keep anyone else in the near community from being hurt, I frantically moved our four cars out of the garage and down the street to various places. Soon after, the roof caved in and the entire house was a multi-story furnace. The fire department arrived and did what they could to cease the fire, but it was a total loss.
Through all of these hectic events, I've decided to stand tall and keep rolling on. From applying to colleges, pushing myself mentally, preparing for college auditions that will dictate what I do the rest of my life, I've had to remain strong. Even through my mother and father's tears, and my brother's emotional, solemn silence, I am pushing myself to continue the journey that is my life to Broadway. To revolutionize The Great White Way, to give back to my entire family and friends for all the help they've given me over the years and to hopefully inspire and open another child's eyes to their dream of entertainment.


PUBG is a battle-royale shooter where 100 players drop into a map and fight for survival. It's a game of life or death as you explore and loot the map for weapons and armor. Be the last one standing to achieve the elusive Chicken Dinner – bragging rights included.


I have returned from a fantastic trip to the Oregon coast. I was fishing with my friend Richard Robinson, who lives in Rockaway Beach, and was joined by my other buddy Dennis Beich, retired Director of Region 2 with the Department of Fish and Wildlife.
All of us had been on the tuna fishing trip out of Westport. I had an unusual experience this time, my fourth trip down to fish the Nehalem River—clear skies and sunshine.
I have been drowned with rain on previous years, but the weather was spectacular, and so was the fishing for the first two days.
The coho are pouring into the river from the ocean and were eager to take our herring. We got fish up to 15 pounds and released many smaller fish. In fact we got a little too ambitious the second day. We were tossing back coho of 9 or 10 pounds, figuring we would get bigger ones.
Then the bite died and we came in short of our limits.
Oh well, lesson learned. The third day we tried Tillamook and although the bite started off good, the weather change, which included rain and wind, brought heavy weeds and our baits were continually fouled. We got two nice fish, though, before we gave it up.


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GYV organized peace conference at United Nation
The Journalists and Writers Foundation (GYV) — whose honorary chairman is Turkish Islamic scholar Fethullah Gülen — and the Peace Island Institute (PII) held a joint conference entitled "Peace and Sustainable Development: A Two-Way Relationship" on Wednesday at the United Nations headquarters in New York.
Speaking at the conference, GYV Secretary-General Hüseyin Hurmalı said that the GYV has been working voluntarily both in the US and across the globe to establish peace and dialogue. "We have tried to eliminate prejudices and wrong ideas about Turkey, we know that it is important for Turkey to enter into a process of peace and development," Hurmalı added.
During his address, Hurmalı also told how a US congressman, Robert Filner, was convinced of the sincerity of the service the GYV provided in southeast Turkey, helping young students. Hurmalı said that Filner was impressed after a visit to Diyarbakır and seeing a teacher with students in a study room, saying that the GYV served peace in the region by offering alternative lifestyles to young people.
El Salvador's UN Permanent Representative Carlos Enrique García González said in the conference that El Salvador can be an example for the importance of peace settlements in order to achieve sustainable development.
Alastair Smith, a professor at New York University, declared that financial aid to developing or undeveloped countries do not help to bring democracy. Giving a large amount of capital as aid to underdeveloped countries results in their leaders using the money for the army and to consolidate their power, Smith said.
Professor Severine Autesserre from Columbia University stressed that peace is a prerequisite for sustainable development.
Source: Todays Zaman , February 12, 2014
Tags: Education | Hizmet (Gulen) movement | Journalists and Writers Foundation | USA |
Turkish charity Kimse Yok Mu helps the homeless after floods in Zimbabwe
One of the largest charity organizations in Turkey, Kimse Yok Mu, has launched a massive aid campaign to extend help to nearly 20,000 people hit hard by floods that have devastated the border areas of Zimbabwe.
Unlawful acts revealed in police raids on Gülen-inspired schools
Another illegal practice was revealed on Wednesday regarding police raids on schools inspired by the faith-based Gülen movement, popularly known as the Hizmet movement, on Sept. 21, as officers refused to give a copy of the police report of seized items to school authorities despite demands by the institution's lawyers.
Dr. Reuven Firestone Interviewed by Muslim Turkish Movement "Hizmet"
Rabbi Reuven Firestone, Ph.D., Professor of Medieval Judaism and Islam at the Jack H. Skirball Campus of HUC-JIR in Los Angeles, was interviewed by a Muslim Turkish Movement called Hizmet, which means "service." Hizmet is active in interfaith dialogue in Turkey and many other countries, and has built private and charter schools in many countries, […]
Albanian president hails Turkish schools in his country
11 October 2011, Tuesday / TODAY'S ZAMAN, ANKARA Topi, speaking at a joint press conference following his meeting with Turkish President Abdullah Gül late on Monday in Ankara, recalled that there are two Turkish universities and many Turkish high schools in his country and praised the Turkish entrepreneurs who contributed to those institutions. Albanian President […]
Frontal assault on free enterprise in Turkey: The case of prep-schools
Erdoğan fired a warning shot across the bow of the Hizmet movement, which operates some one-third of the more than 3,500 prep schools, hoping that the movement would fold under the pressure and shy away from criticizing the government on lingering corruption, the lack of bold reforms, the stalled EU membership process, the failed constitutional work, its intrusion in people's ways of life and privacy, blunders in foreign policy and the weakened transparency and accountability in governance.
Erdoğan government opposes democratic values: detained Turkish journalist
Mandela and Gülen by İbrahim Özdemir *
Paris attacks, New Turkey and oppressing Hizmet
European court rules Asya-like seizure of bank unfair
GYV hosts guests from Istanbul's Armenian Patriarchate at Abraham's table
Gülen discounts neither past nor modernity
Court rules for release of Zaman chief editor, Samanyolu manager arrested


Three decisions make up today's update from the City of Seattle's Department of Construction and Inspections as posted in the Land Use Information Bulletin.
A Land Use Application has been approved to subdivide one parcel into two parcels of land. Proposed parcel sizes are: A) 3,149 sq. ft. and B) 1,601 sq. ft. Existing structure to be demolished.
A Land Use Application has been approved to subdivide one development site into three unit lots. The construction of residential units is under Project #6548723. This subdivision of property is only for the purpose of allowing sale or lease of the unit lots. Development standards will be applied to the original parcel and not to each of the new unit lots.
A Land Use Application has been approved to allow a 2-story building containing 13,949 sq. ft. of light manufacturing. Surface parking for 7 vehicles to be provided.


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https://www.austinchronicle.com/news/1995-04-28/533375/
On the Lege
April 28, 1995, News
Looking Out for the Little Guy: You won't find any special interest legislation among the bills he has filed. Unless of course, you count the sick, elderly, poor, and handicapped as special interests. Now in his third term in the Texas House, Rep. Elliott Naishtat (D-Austin) says he keeps one question in mind when considering legislation: "If I file this legislation, will it have a positive impact on the low income people and Hispanics in Eagle Pass, Texas?"
A VISTA volunteer in Eagle Pass in 1967 and '68, Naishtat worked on health and human services issues in the poverty stricken border town. "I'm working on the same issues now," he says. But his job has gotten tougher this session. Politics are meaner, the attitude toward his constituents less benevolent. Naishtat says much of his time this session has been spent on the welfare reform and juvenile justice bills, trying to make them "less punitive."
Naishtat, a lawyer, works during the off-session on guardianship cases. He and Sen. John Montford (D-Lubbock) are pushing for the creation of the Guardian Resource Board, which would then create and oversee a non-profit agency to coordinate and develop guardianship services for minors and adults who are unable to care for themselves. Montford's version, SB 103, has passed the Senate. Naishtat's, HB 2705, is still in committee.
Naishtat was able to get 39 bills signed into law last session - "more than anybody else," he's quick to add. He won't pass that many this session, but several of his measures have passed the House, including HB 1659, which would allow the governor to appoint a client or parent-of-a-client to sit on the Texas Board of Mental Health and Mental Retardation.
Like other members of the local delegation, Naishtat expects most of the Austin-bashing bills to pass. Speaking of Rep. Susan Combs (R-Austin), he says, "It's hard to fight off this kind of legislation when one of the main supporters is a member of the Austin delegation."
DOWN ON THE FARM: Farmworkers, agribusiness, and pesticides are the key issues for the Texas Department of Agriculture (TDA) as it undergoes the sunset review process.
Farmworkers contend that the agency's laissez faire attitude towards pesticides endangers them. Further, they say, TDA has a conflict of interest because it represents both agribusinesses and farmworkers. Farmworkers want the Texas Department of Health, not TDA, to be responsible for protecting them from pesticide exposure.
The sunset process provides an opportunity for farmworkers to press their claims. Every 12 years, most state agencies must go through the process to justify their continued existence. Sen. Ken Armbrister's (D-Victoria) massive agency renewal bill, SB 372, would allow TDA to continue operating. But he's opposed to transferring pesticide regulation away from the agency. "That is not going to happen," he said last week after a Senate Natural Resources Committee hearing on the matter.
But several groups, including Texas Rural Legal Aid (TRLA) and the Texas Center for Policy Studies (TCPS), want TDA to be more vigilant in its pesticide control practices. Bill Beardall of TRLA, who testified before the committee, pointed to a 1991 case where the TDA was placed briefly under a "corrective action plan," according to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officials, because it had a backlog of pesticide monitoring cases.
TCPS officials contend that TDA filed "inconsistent and contradictory" numbers on EPA-required inspection reports involving highly toxic pesticides, including Compound 1080 and sodium cyanide. In a report released April 11, TCPS said that TDA's actions have been so weak that the EPA "may have to withdraw its approval of all of TDA's enforcement role for the federal pesticide laws."
Farmworkers, environmental groups, and organic growers were able to add five reform amendments to SB 372 before it passed out of the Senate committee, including one which would transfer pesticide oversight to the Department of Health. The bill now goes to the full Senate, but Armbrister has pledged to keep all pesticide responsibilities within TDA. Stay tuned. - Lee Nichols
THE CLEAN TEAM: In yet another bit of momentous legislation, Rep. Barry Telford (D-DeKalb) sponsored HR 548 last Thursday. The purpose: "Honoring Mathews Cleaners."
BULLOCK AND THE LOBBYISTS: Radio ads paid for by Better Austin Tomorrow are asking citizens to call Lt. Gov. Bob Bullock. In the ads, singer Jerry Jeff Walker tells Austinites to call Bullock and encourage him to block Austin-bashing legislation. The group has also done a mailing asking citizens to send postcards to Bullock. Are they doing any good?
"I don't care," Bullock said of the campaign, a day after the Senate passed SB 1017 by Sen Jeff Wentworth (R-San Antonio), which would prevent Austin from enforcing water quality regulations in the Barton Springs Zone. "They can call me or mail me all they want," he added.
The crusty Senate boss says only two city officials have bothered to talk to him about the Austin-bashing legislation: Mayor Bruce Todd and Councilmember Brigid Shea. "Bruce Todd came in here at the start of the session. And then he went and cried all over it," Bullock says. "You can quote me on that." Shea phoned, imploring Bullock not to do anything that would hurt the city. Bullock paid no heed. "It's the will of the Senate. And yesterday one of your own senators [Gonzalo Barrientos] was bashing the city."
The City of Austin will pay the lobby firm of Adams & Zottarelli $445,000 over the next three years to protect the city's interests at the Lege. Have they paid Bullock any visits? "They have made no attempt to contact me," Bullock says. "I haven't heard from [Don] Adams or that other fella." Angelo Zottarelli? "Yeah, that's him," he says. And what of John Hrncir, the city's chief lobbyist and director of intergovernmental relations? "Never heard of him," Bullock says.
HOME IS WHERE THE PHONE IS: Rep. Glen Maxey (D-Austin) isn't giving up on an amendment to the House telecommunications reform bill (HB 2128), which would have added a provision requiring local phone companies to provide voice mail boxes so homeless people could get telephone messages.
The idea is to make it easier for homeless people to find jobs, and eventually, homes. Such a program could be used by people who are homeless for a whole variety of reasons, including battered women and disaster victims, Maxey says. Voice mail also makes it easier for social workers to keep in touch with their clients.
Maxey's spokesperson, Hugh Strange, says that a statewide program in Texas would cost around $200,000, but would be cost effective. In Seattle, homeless people with access to voice mail boxes spend less time on welfare - two months, as compared to six for those without the service. Maxey got the idea after reading of similar programs in cities including Seattle, Toronto, San Diego, St. Paul, and Minneapolis. Strange says the Seattle program, launched in 1991, costs less than $100,000 a year. Some 68 percent of program participants find jobs within two months.
"I did talk to a Southwestern Bell lobbyist, and he thought it sounded like a good idea," Strange says. "Apparently, they've got a lot more voice mail boxes than there's a demand for, and they indicated to me that they wouldn't have a problem donating some of those non-money generating boxes."
The House voted 67-15 to table Maxey's amendment after hearing objections from Republican legislators. Maxey hopes to get an urban legislator to carry the amendment in the Senate. - Andrea Barnett
Copyright © 2021 Austin Chronicle Corporation. All rights reserved.


text:
Equipment >
Fischer Panda >
Experiencing Fischer Panda Hybrid Drive Systems
Website: Fischer Panda
Several boats with different propulsion systems and the new EasyBox System, e. g. a 10 kW Aziprop motor or a 2 x 30 kW shaft drive, were available for testing.
Very good manoeuvring capabilities, a great thrust, rotatable electric motors and bus control are all characteristics which represent the modern and user-friendly Fischer Panda drives.
The EasyBox System is a "plug & play" system where the two components control and engine can be easily connected. Its installation is very easy. All important electrical connections are preinstalled at the motor controller when it is supplied. The price-performance-ratio is very good.
The new hybrid drive system from Fischer Panda is the third generation of diesel-electric drive systems with a fully integrated power system on board. The heart of this system is the new Fischer Panda C3 cockpit that enables the skipper to monitor everything and to control the power consumption on board.
Command, Control and Communication are the key elements of the new C3 cockpit. All components are connected via a bus system, so that they communicate with each other by sending and receiving signals for further processing. The status, parameters and values of all connected components such as the drive system, control panels, the generator, on-board devices and the batteries are displayed so that the captain has full control. The skipper has full command - he can change parameters and switch devices.
The Fischer Panda C3 cockpit has been designed as a modular system and can be installed as a standard power system (even without a drive system). All data that are relevant for energy, power and propulsion systems are analysed.
If you are interested to test drive one of Fischer Panda''s boats with diesel-electric drive or would like to learn more about the EasyBox, please contact www.fischerpanda.de. The boats are currently moored on two popular German lakes (Steinhuder Meer, Edersee).
Fischer Panda Electric Drive on Historic Wooden Boat
The Nestor Nilsson is a nautical rarity, almost 100 years old and was completely restored in 2021, retaining its original shape and traditional character. This historic boat now runs purely on electricity with an electric motor from Fischer Panda. It is a so-called Snipa, a Swedish motorboat built in 1927 and named after the designer Nestor Nilsson, who built the boat i...
Tradition Merges with Modern Tradition Merges with Modern
Innovative Panda 4000s and 5000i models named 2018 winner at British Marine Electrical & Electronics Association annual conference and dinner
Fischer Panda UK's popular Neo generator duo has been named Product of the Year 2018 at the annual British Marine Electrical & Electronics Association Conference Day. The sister marine diesel generators, the Panda 4000s Neo and the Panda 5000i Neo, were voted as this year's winner from the BMEEA shortlist of some of the industry's best new products. The award was pres...
Fischer Panda UK's Neo Generator Duo Voted BMEEA Product of the Year Fischer Panda UK's Neo Generator Duo Voted BMEEA Product of the Year
Fischer Panda "Hybrid Power" battery charging generators DC from 3.2 kW up to 22 kW are now available with the fpControl system.
This new system allows the battery charging parameters to be easily set. This is important for the onboard power supply via batteries as well as for electric drive systems with lithium-ion-batteries. The fpControl digital display provides operating and monitoring information about the generator such as voltage, current, winding temperatures, operating hours. The fpContr...
Fischer Panda battery charging DC generators available with new fpControl Fischer Panda battery charging DC generators available with new fpControl
With the introduction of the ePanda Series 8.0, consisting of ePanda Drive, ePanda Power Unit and ePanda Control Unit, Fischer Panda is responding to the strong demand for complete solutions in the lower power classes.
"Smart solutions are needed to further advance electrification on the water. With the introduction of the ePanda Series, we are taking the next step towards a "one-stop shop" for individual drive solutions and mobile, self-sufficient energy supply. We offer ready-to-install solutions to make this step as simple as possible", says Sven Soetebier, Managing Director at Fisc...
Fischer Panda announces new 5kW shaft drive and new ePanda series for 2023 Fischer Panda announces new 5kW shaft drive and new ePanda series for 2023


text:
The Dore (; ) is a 140 km long river in central France in the department of Puy-de-Dôme. It is a right tributary of the Allier. Its source is near the town of Saint-Germain-l'Herm in the Massif Central. The Dore flows generally north, through the following towns: Arlanc, Ambert, Courpière, and Puy-Guillaume. The Dore flows into the Allier 6 km north of Puy-Guillaume.

Affluents
Dolore, Miodet (left bank), Vauziron

References

Rivers of France
Rivers of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Rivers of Puy-de-Dôme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The quickest way to begin enjoying the benefits of Leawood Chamber membership is to complete the online application below. You can pay for your full year's membership right now using your credit card, choose our convenient monthly bank draft option, or we can email you an invoice. If you'd prefer to download and print an application and mail it in with your check, just click on the DOWNLOAD APPLICATION. One of our team members will reach out to you by the end of the following business day to welcome you to the Chamber.
Description of Business or Services. Limit to 30 words or less. Description will be displayed in the print and online directories.
Annual investment is based on the number of full-time equivalent employees in your organization (two part-time employees = one full-time employee).
You have the option to pay the total of your new member processing fee and your first month's dues by credit card or bank draft. Future monthly dues can only be paid by bank draft. A member of our staff will be contacting you to secure written authorization for your ongoing monthly dues bank draft.
I acknowledge that the Leawood Chamber may communicate with me via fax or email about Chamber and Chamber member news, offers and opportunites. I understand that the Leawood Chamber may share our contact information, including my fax number and/or e-mail address with other member organizations.
*Please note: The Company is the member of the Chamber. This membership application must be completed by an authorized person with the member company. Anyone employed by the member company is eligible to participate.
Application is subject to approval by the Board of Directors.


text:
Owner: 1.5 Meter Crack Discovered in Hull of MSC Monterey Containership
December 30, 2013 by Mike Schuler
Image: JRCC Halifax
Some new details have emerged today about the condition of the MSC Monterey containership which suffered a crack in its hull while underway in adverse conditions off the coast of Newfoundland, sparking concerns of her sinking.
A statement from the ship's owner, Germany's REEDEREI NSB, said that Liberian-flagged vessel was underway Friday from Antwerp to Boston when crews discovered a 1.5 meter crack in the main deck near the superstructure while southeast of Newfoundland. The statement said that the crack later grew by 30 centimeters into the outer hull, prompting crews to coordinate with the Canadian Coast Guard and Transport Canada.
Previous: MSC Monterey Suffers Crack Off Canada
Four people from the United States and Switzerland, who were riding as passengers on the vessel, requested to be evacuated and were safely airlifted from the vessel on Sunday.
The 20 crewmembers, from Europe and Philippines, remained onboard and the vessel was later anchored in the bay of Cape Pine, NL.
REEDEREI NSB says that at this time the vessel does not pose a danger to the environment and the crack has not resulted in an oil spillage or other hazards.
The MSC Monterey is expected to proceed from Cape Pine to St. Mary's Bay on Monday morning, where a surveyor from class society Germanischer Lloyd, along with a naval architect and insurance representative, will board the vessel for inspection. REEDEREI NSB says the plan is to provide provisional repairs so that the vessel can continue to Boston as planned.
The MSC Monterey was built in 2007 at Daewoo Mangalia Heavy Industries in Romania and has a TEU capacity of 4,870.
The vessel, which is managed by Mediterranean Shipping Company, is engaged in regular transatlantic liner service between Bremerhaven, Felixstowe, Antwerp and Le Havre and U.S. East Coast ports. MSC Monterey was expected to call at Boston in early January, followed by New York, Philadelphia, Norfolk and Baltimore.
REEDEREI NSB also happened to own the MSC Flaminia, which caught fire in 2012 while underway in the north Atlantic.
Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: container shipping, msc monterey, reederei nsb


text:
Glen Eira has a rich and diverse history. The Boonerwrung* are the Indigenous Australians of the Kulin Nation and were the first inhabitants of the area, while European settlement dates from the 1840s.
The City of Glen Eira takes its name from two local landmarks — Glen Eira Road and Glen Eira Mansion. It was formed in December 1994 after the amalgamation of the former City of Caulfield and the northern part of the former City of Moorabbin.
(*Also known as the Bunurong, Bunwurrung, Boonwerung, Bunurowrung, Bururong and Boon Wurrung.)
History of our city
Our monuments and sites
History tours, activities and events
Talking Shops


Heat cooking oil in wok. Add shallots, garlic, ginger, chilli and fermented black beans. Stir fry for about 30 seconds.
Add spring onions, Chinese wine, clam juice (or water), salt and pepper to taste.
Add clams and cover the wok for about 30 seconds.


If you have seen any of the Fast & Furious movies you already know how incredible some of these cars can look. They come in some custom colors, have custom rims, and tinted headlights and tail lights. All of these features create a dream car for many of the people who have them designed. They do this because they want their car to stand out as different. You have no idea how simply tinting your headlights and tail lights can greatly alter the appearance of your car. Well, you can get a good idea of what tinted headlight and tail lights can do for your car if you look at the Fast & Furious. Window Tint Cherry Hill can also show you exactly what your car would look like with custom headlight and tail light tinting.
Window Tint Cherry Hill won't change the color of your bulbs; we'll provide you with tinting to your existing fixtures instead. We don't use translucent film rather we use transparent film. What this does is it causes the light coming in to go all the way through to the other side. When our installers have completed your tint or smoking job, you'll have a more unique, sporty, and luxurious looking car. We have several options of smoke film used on tail lights. They can also help in restoring headlights even darkening their appearance. Motorists have several color options, which includes shades of green, red, and blue.
So you're thinking of getting a new car but it isn't because there is anything wrong with your existing car, it's simply because you're tire of your car. Have you ever thought of making some exterior changes instead? It is certainly less expensive than going out to buy an entirely new car. At Window Tint Cherry Hill we offer headlight and tail light tinting, which can greatly change the look of your car. In addition to changing the look of your car tints prevent UV rays from the sun causing a fog or haze over your lights. This can impair visibility. If there are existing scratches or cracks in your lights they will be less visible when there is a tint on them. If you want your care to look different from everyone else's, check out some of the tint options that we have for you at Window Tint Cherry Hill.
Since we have so many years of experience in the business, we certainly know how to give our customers what they want. Our installers know how to effectively handle the job because of their training and on-hands experience. We don't use a trial and error method of doing things at Window Tint Cherry Hill; everything we do we have already done before. There is nothing that is beyond the expertise of our installers. Small, medium or large, we are able to handle the job without incident.


With the onset of short rains the vegetation turns lush green and the colours of the savannah gradually move from faded green to green. This is definitely good for the environment but it also triggers the growth of invasive species that are dominant in the soil waiting for the right moment (presence of moisture) to sprout rapidly, flower, fruit and disperse seeds. Invasive species are increasingly a global concern, with invasions altering ecosystem functioning, threatening native biodiversity, and negatively impacting agriculture, forestry and human health and to save the situation the invasive species were plugged off manually.
On 28th October 2014, one of our adult female giraffe Lola gave birth to Suavek (named by one of our volunteers), a very healthy calf. Suavek is brother to Lino, after giving birth to Lino we were able to accurately predict when Lola will give birth again. How is that possible? Giraffes have an average gestation period of 446- 447 days and Rothschild's Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi) in captivity - up to 470 days.
Lola is the first generation of giraffe to be born in our conservation project (approximately born in 2007), and since the start of the project Lola has given birth to Lino on 2/04/2013. This new birth brought the total number of giraffes to 30 for this sub-species which is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as endangered and of high conservation importance on their IUCN Red List. The future of the giraffe is very uncertain, especially for the two subspecies that are in the endangered category.
This is why understanding the ecology of this species is so crucial, and we are proud to be part of the team that is working tirelessly to counteract the decline. This is being done by conducting monitoring and research on the ecology of this sub species, in order to understand its requirements in the wild, along with countering the factors causing their decline. Kigio Wildlife Conservancy, who is our partner, is home to 5% of the Rothschild's giraffe species. The data on activity pattern of the giraffe will be published soon.
Our project has yielded very crucial information about the reproductive behaviour of the giraffes; they give birth in a specific area of the conservancy. This area has now been nicknamed 'maternity' due to the fact that all females give birth in that area, but the reasons for this is yet to be understood!!
The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) conducted a total count of all the animals in the conservancy on the 17th and 18th October. Our volunteers helped greatly during the exercise! The study covered the Kigio conservancy and the neighbouring ranches. The results for census are as follows: we found that 38% of all sightings were Warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus), 30% were Impala (Aepyceros melampus), 10% African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer), and Rothschild's Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi), Zebra (Zebra) and Eland (Taurotragus oryx) each made up 8% of sightings.
The camera traps have been very instrumental in our mammal inventory project. Our motion sensor cameras are operating around the clock in the conservancy and are triggered every time they sense animal movement. These cameras capture images of wildlife species in the conservancy and this data is crucial in understanding species present in the conservancy, the behaviour as well as information on the activity pattern is also extracted in the long run. We are looking into using this non-invasive technique to monitor behaviour of the endangered Rothschild's giraffe.
Our volunteers were able to plant many seedlings and the nursery has lots of trees which are ready to be for planted next year in the communities and neighbouring schools.


We currently have more than 160 members representing a wide variety of women and women's groups from across the country.
Our members give us our mandate. Their expertise and experience enables us to be the strong and effective representative organisation for women's rights in Ireland that we are.
We provide support to members in their work and the campaigns they are undertaking where appropriate. We produce information and user friendly briefing papers on issues of relevance to our members.
Our Executive Board is elected from our members by our members and our quota system for the Executive Board ensures that we will always have strong representation from communities of women experiencing multiple forms of inequality and social exclusion at Board level.
We recently adopted new membership criteria that will allow an even broader range of groups and individuals to join NWCI. So if you want to support our campaign for women's equality in Ireland, please join!


The Ambition Finance & Accounting division recruits accounting and finance staff, from Assistant Accountants up to senior levels such as Chief Financial Officers. We provide personalised recruitment services to global and multinational companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
With an extensive client and candidate database locally and globally, we are able to source for experienced and high calibre individuals that meet our clients' business needs and goals. The strong relationships we have built over the years with our clients are not only a testament to our reputation in the finance and accounting industry but also of the quality of our recruitment consultants and the service they deliver.
How To Make Yourself An Invaluable Asset In Today's Hong Kong Financial Market.


text:
Naked by Essations partners with Patric Bradley to laun...
Mario Williams visiting the Miami Dolphins on Saturday
Pedro Gravata now with another movie (Caribbean Paradis...
New Casinos 2017: Sloty Launch with Superior Bonuses
Jul 23, 2017 | Arts & Entertainment
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Wow! Have you guys checked out Tidylite? It's this new service that's completely different to your standard cleaning service
Easybee's team of virtual receptionists has a solution for boosting customer satisfaction and increasing efficiency.
Recent numbers show that despite what many would have us believe, the motorcycle industry is not dying. What is happening is that the industry is going through changes. Its traditional customer base is fading, and totally new customer demographics are developing.
Imagine hammering home your affections through a pendant that says "I love you" in 120 languages.
Diverse Assisting Services want to offer you an opportunity that will give you time to spend with your client or potential client, instead of having to hire, train or advertise for staff.
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