text:
History of Optometry
Jump to a decade
on the timeline
Roger Bacon first mentions lenses as useful for those with weakness of sight.
Approximate date of invention of spectacles in northern Italy by unknown artisan.
Johannes Kepler describes the function of the retina and demonstrates that concave lenses correct myopia and convex lenses correct hyperopia.
Willebrord Snell discovers the law of refraction.
First book on optometric principles, The Use of Eyeglasses, published in Spain by Daza de Valdes.
King Charles I grants a royal charter to the Worshipful Company of Spectacle Makers, London.
John McAllister, Sr. opens first U.S. shop for optometric services, Philadelphia. By 1816 John McAllister & Son was making gold and silver spectacles in a family business that survived until early 20th century.
Benjamin Franklin invents a split bifocal lens for spectacles.
John Dalton describes color blindness.
Thomas Young discovers astigmatism and is first to map the normal visual field. Cylindrical lenses were first developed in 1821.
Invention of the trial lens case facilitated the determination of a lens prescription independent of the vending and dispensing of spectacles.
James Prentice, English optician, arrives in U.S. His son Charles F. Prentice, will become the "father of American optometry."
Hermann von Helmholtz invents the ophthalmoscope and is first to see the interior of the living eye.
Handbook of Physiological Optics is written by Hermann von Helmholtz, a monumental treatise in three volumes. It was translated from German to English in 1924, edited by James P.C. Southall.
Hermann Snellen devises test types and eye chart used to measure visual acuity.
F. C. Donders publishes Anomalies of Accommodation and Refraction of the Eye and establishes norms and principles of prescription. He was the first to have cylindrical lenses put in the trial case.
The word "optometry" used by Verschoor in Holland in a dissertation on refraction.
Beginnings of Illinois College of Optometry, the oldest continuous program, with origins in courses and schools such as McFatrich, Needles, Chicago College, and Northern Illinois College of Optometry.
Monoyer proposes the term diopter for lens power.
Cuignet demonstrates principle of retinoscopy, retinoscope introduced.
English translation of E. Landolt's book, Refraction and Accommodation of the Eye and Their Anomalies published. Uses the term optometry to describe refractive procedures, although refracting opticians were slow to embrace the term.
Charles Prentice develops and promotes prism diopter measuring system.
A. E. Ficke and F.A. Mueller independently experiment with blown-glass contact lenses.
First successful scleral contact lenses made to correct vision.
First textbook written by an optometrist for optometrists is published: Handbook for Opticians, by William Bohne, a charter member of AOA.
Charles F. Prentice threatened with jail for charging a fee for eye exam [regarded as the practice of medicine]. In 1896 he issued a treatise on the reasons why states should recognize the professional status of the optometrist.
Appearance of The Optical Journal, first optometric journal published in the U.S.
Formation of the American Association of Opticians. Name changed in 1910 to the American Optical Association, and in 1919 to American Optometric Association.
Passage of first state law recognizing and regulating the practice of optometry -- Minnesota. (All states had optometry laws by 1921)
First university courses in optometry, Columbia University (1910-1954), a big step toward recognition of the optometric profession.
Andrew J. Cross publishes Dynamic Skiametry in Theory and Practice, introducing the basic theory and method for dynamic retinoscopy.
Optometrists go on record favoring regulations against drivers with defective vision and encouraging visual tests for driver licensing.
In the case of Martin v. Baldi the PA Supreme Court rules that optometry is a calling separate from medicine and cannot be regulated by the state board of medicine as a "minor branch" of that profession. Albert Fitch had convinced Pennsylvania optometrists to pursue legal action.
International Board of Boards (IBB) established. Name changed to International Association of Boards of Examiners in Optometry (IAB) in 1954, and to the Association of Regulatory Boards (ARBO) in 1999.
American Academy of Optometry organized to encourage investigative research and improve the ethical and scientific standing of optometry. Proposed in 1905 by E. LeRoy Ryer; first Chairman: Morris Steinfeld.
First Conference on Optometric Education, St. Louis, Missouri -- this was the first conference held to establish optometric educational standards.
Pennsylvania College of Optometry awards the first Doctor of Optometry (O.D.) degree.
The District of Columbia enacts an optometry law, completing a total U.S. coverage
Beta Sigma Kappa founded as international optometric fraternity.
Charles Sheard introduced the routine examination concept, later developed into the "case analysis" approach to refractive problems.
New York Commissioner of Education obtains passage of a bill that allows only graduates of a school of optometry affiliated with a university to qualify for the state board examination, thereby initiating the end of the apprenticeship system of licensure.
Optometric Extension Program begun, based on a plan developed by the Oklahoma Optometric Association for membership education. Established as a private organization in 1936.
"Optometry on Trial" published in Reader's Digest. Written by Roger Riis, it contained untrue and unfair statements about optometry that set off turmoil and controversy between optometrists and physicians. Partly as a response and rebuttal to Riis' charges, the book The Story of Optometry was authored by Wilber Brucker under AOA auspices in 1938.
Bill introduced in Pennsylvania which would define the scope of practice as that taught in optometry schools.
Plastic contact lenses introduced by Theo Obrig and John Mullen. PMMA, Polymethyl methacrylate was originally discovered in 1915 as a paint binder.
Association of Schools & Colleges of Optometry (ASCO) created; Albert Fitch first President. Parent organization was International Federation of Optometry Schools (1921-1940).
New York optometrist L. Lester Beacher produces textbook on contact lens technique.
Optometrists first commissioned in the U.S. Army and placed on the staff of Veterans Administration Hospitals. As early as 1944 AOA pushed to establish an Optometry Corps in the military, but it did not succeed. Many years passed before optometrists reached a status equivalent to the other major health professions.
Corneal contact lens of thin plastic developed by Kevin Tuohy; first corneal contact lens patent is awarded in 1948.
American Optometric Foundation created; first President: Wm C. Ezell.
Formation of Association of Military Optometrists; first President: Eugene Strawn. Organized as Armed Forces Optometric Society (AFOS) in 1970.
National Board of Examiners in Optometry (NBEO) founded by IAB and ASCO, first National Board exam given in 1952.
Association of Optometric Executive Secretaries formed; name changed in 1958 to Society of Optometric Association Executives, and in 1969 to International Association of Optometric Executives (IAOE).
John William Sheridan selected first Chief of the Optometry Section of the Medical Service Corps, a position he held for over 10 years. Col. Sheridan received the American Optometric Association's Apollo Award in 1966.
Cross-linked hydrophilic polymer (HEMA) discovered by Otto Wichterle who ushers in the era of the soft contact lens. First spin-cast soft lenses produced in 1961. Many variations and patents in decades that follow.
Pennsylvania optometrists introduce a bill to authorize the use of ophthalmic diagnostic pharmaceutical agents, but it is defeated.
Medicare and Medicaid enacted by U.S. Congress, discriminates against optometrists.
American Optometric Student Association (AOSA) formed. Although discussed and a committee formed by AOA to organize as early as 1941, WW2 interrupted planning. Although there were several attempts at formation, the organization was not fully established until 1968 mainly due to efforts of Indiana University student Raymond I. Myers who became the AOSA's first President.
LaGuardia meeting, New York City. This informal meeting was a significant event that helped determine the future direction of optometry and the scope of optometric practice
National Eye Institute (NEI) was established by Public Law 90-489, leading to innovative eye research and improved vision care throughout the world. Optometrists Glenn A. Fry and Meredith Morgan were among the first representatives to the NEI's National Advisory Eye Council. Optometric investigators through the years since have continued to have a major role in vision research and have strengthened the scientific productivity of the NEI.
National Optometric Association (NOA) founded by C. Clayton Powell and John L. Howlette as a forum for African American optometrists. The NOA continues as a professional association of predominantly minority optometrists with a primary concern for delivery of professional eye care to the minority community.
Optometric Historical Society (OHS) formed to collect, preserve, study and promote the history of the profession and to recognize persons and groups making notable contribuions to that heritage. There were 33 charter members in the new group co-founded by optometrist Henry Hofstetter and AOA librarian/archivist, Maria Dablemont.
Formation of the Armed Forces Optometric Society (AFOS); first president: LTC Frederick van Nus. In 1982 AFOS was designated an affiliated association of the American Optometric Association
Alabama legislature authorizes the establishment of a school of optometry, the first to be an integral part of a medical center (UAB).
U.S. Food & Drug Administration approves Bausch & Lomb soft contact lens, consumer advertising begins 1974.
First DPA Law passed -- Rhode Island. This was the first law to specifically authorize optometrists to use ophthalmic drugs for diagnostic purposes. (By 1989 all states and D.C. had DPA laws).
College of Optometrists in Vision Development (COVD) formed with merger of 3 organizations. Comprised of practitioners of vision therapy or vision training.
Non-contact tonometer developed by Bernard Grolman at American Optical Corporation
First VOSH chapter formed in Kansas with 35 optometrists. Incorporated in 1979, Volunteer Optometric Services to Humanity is dedicated to providing vision care to people around the world who cannot afford or obtain it.
Bill introduced in North Carolina to authorize optometrists to use and prescribe pharmaceutical agents for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Publication of Optometry: Education for the Profession. Report of the National Study of Optometric Education, Robert J. Havighurst, study director.
First TPA Law passed – West Virginia. This law permitted the use of therapeutic drugs by optometrists. (By 1998 all states and D.C. had TPA laws).
U.S. Supreme Court reverses four decades of precedent and holds that professionals may utilize truthful advertising (Bates v. Arizona State Bar)
National Association of Veterans Administration Optometrists formed; first NAVAO president: Dr. Robert Newcomb. The VA Optometry Service represents the largest optometry teaching system in the U.S.
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) issues rule (Eyeglasses I) that attempted to preempt state laws restricting advertising of ophthalmic goods and services by optometrists, ophthalmologists, and opticians and requiring the release of spectacle prescriptions. In litigation brought by the AOA and others, all but the prescription release requirement was nullified.
U.S. Congress expands optometric coverage under Medicare to enable reimbursement for procedures performed on aphakic patients.
Medicare parity legislation allows optometrists to be reimbursed for health-related services performed on nonaphakic patients. Signed by President Reagan in October, the law (PL 99-509) became effective April 1, 1987.
Optometric Oath standardized and adopted by the American Optometric Association (AOA) and the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry (ASCO) as a means of encouraging professional ethical behavior. Over the years numerous optometric organizations and schools had developed and used an optometric oath; one of the first was written by Frederick A. Woll in the 1920s.
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) approves trade regulation (Eyeglasses II) which sought to prevent enforcement of state laws that restrict or prohibit commercial practice by optometrists. Litigation brought by AOA and others invalidated the regulation on the grounds that Congress did not give the FTC authority to regulate the sovereign actions of states.
Neuro Optometric Rehabilitation Association (NORA) formed, William Padula first President.
First Georgetown Conference – Summit on Optometric Education, Richard Hopping, Chair. Series of eight topical conferences convened jointly by the American Optometric Association and the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry 1992-1994.
Active optometric involvement in national research studies, CLEK (Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus Study) and OHTS (Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study). Many others follow, some ongoing, for example: 1997- COMET; 1999- CLEERE; 2002- VIP; 2004 VA LOVIT; 2005- CITT.
AOA's Centennial Year Anniversary celebration.
First state law specifically authorizing the use of lasers by optometrists for certain treatment purposes enacted in Oklahoma.
National Optometry Hall of Fame established by the Ohio Optometric Association and the EastWest Eye Conference to recognize colleagues whose lifetime of significant achievements in optometry advanced the profession. First inductees: Irvin Borish, O.D. and Glenn Fry, O.D. (posthumously). In 2008 administration of the NOHF was transferred to the American Optometric Association, and it is currently managed by Optometry Cares – the AOA Foundation.
Optometry 2020 Summits (2005-06), a series of 3 national meetings attended by representatives from over 20 optometric organizations. Their goal was to chart the future of the profession in 8 key areas. Priorities and preferred futures were put forward resulting in a clearer picture of where the profession was and where it wanted to go, and strategies to help it get there.
National Commission on Vision and Health (NCVH) established, a non-partisan group of public health leaders (O.D.s and non-O.D.s) whose mission is to improve the nation's visual health. A true optometric "think tank" for public health policy, its members evaluate and weigh in on policy debates regarding health care, specifically vision, providing authoritative information and advice to decision-makers, health professionals, and the public at large.
American Board of Optometry (ABO) established as the entity to develop and implement the framework for optometric board certification and maintenance of certification for optometry. A joint memorandum of understanding is entered into by the American Academy of Optometry (AAO), the American Optometric Student Association (AOSA), the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry (ASCO), and the American Optometric Association (AOA) regarding formation and organization.
National health care legislation enacted, including first federal provider non-discrimination standard to target exclusionary ERISA plans, designating children's vision as an essential benefit and preserving state patient access to care laws.


We Are Born Free celebrates the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and is a sumptuous collection of double-page-spread illustrations by internationally-renowned artists from Australia, South Africa, USA, Canada, Asia, Latin America and Europe. Published simultaneously around the world in thirty different languages there is an illustration for each one of the 30 articles in the declarations.
The illustrators who have contributed are: John Burningham, Niki Daly, Korky Paul, Jane Ray, Marie-Louise Fitzpatrick, Jan Spivey Gilchrist, Ole Könnecke, Piet Grobler, Fernando Vilela, Polly Dunbar, Bob Graham, Alan Lee, Hong Sung Dam, Frané Lessac, Sybille Hein, Marie-Louise Gay, Jessica Souhama, Debi Gliori, Satoshi Kitamura, Gusti, Catherine and Laurence Anholt, Gilles Rapaport, Jackie Morris, Brita Granström, Nicholas Allan, Axel Scheffler, Chris Riddell and Marcia Williams, with the jacket illustration by Peter Sis.
With a foreword by the actor David Tennant (of Doctor Who fame) and John Boyne (author of The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas) this is a book to treasure. All royalties from the sale of the book will be donated to Amnesty International.


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> Allo Aloo, welcome to Botkit, ladies and gentlemen !

## Features

- Scaffolds a bot using [Botkit](https://github.com/howdyai/botkit)
- Deploy it to Heroku

## Dependencies

- dotenv for managing environmental variables

## Installation

First, install [Yeoman](http://yeoman.io) and generator-botkit using [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) (we assume you have pre-installed [node.js](https://nodejs.org/)).

```bash
npm install -g yo
npm install -g generator-botkit
```

Then generate your new project:

```bash
yo botkit
```

## Next Steps

- Update .env with your bot App ID and Password (if needed)
- Add your logic to bot.js

## License

- This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license and developed with love by [Ouadie LAHDIOUI](www.twitter.com/lahdiouiouadie)
- Feel free to make PRs, if there's anything you feel we could do better
- Full license text is available in [LICENSE.md](LICENSE.md)

[npm-image]: https://badge.fury.io/js/generator-botkit.svg
[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/generator-botkit
[travis-image]: https://travis-ci.org/ouadie-lahdioui/generator-botkit.svg?branch=master
[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/ouadie-lahdioui/generator-botkit
[daviddm-image]: https://david-dm.org/ouadie-lahdioui/generator-botkit.svg?theme=shields.io
[daviddm-url]: https://david-dm.org/ouadie-lahdioui/generator-botkit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Have you ever imagined having your wedding catered by a food truck? Heck, maybe that is some people's dream. Dream or not, more and more couples are getting their weddings catered by mobile catering trucks. When you think about how great food truck food is, and the amount of money you could be saving, it really is a no-brainer.
While some folks might be wondering if weddings being catered by food trucks is just a trend, these same folks should be pondering this question: Is saving money a trend? Realistically, getting a wedding catered by a mobile kitchen is a smart option, because of the money factor alone.
According to foodrevolt.com, hiring a food truck could save a couple around $3,500. If you could save $3,500 (yes, $3,500!), why wouldn't you? That money could go toward the honeymoon, or it could simply stay in the bank. Nonetheless, that is a lot of dough.
So, if you think saving money is a trend, then, sure, maybe food-truck-catered weddings are also a trend.
The best part about the food truck industry — well, one of the best parts, that is — is the fact that there is so much variety. When thinking of a lunch truck, most people probably think of the traditional hot dog stand, or a taco truck, but there are so many unique concepts that also call the food truck industry home. Heck, the crazier the meal, the better. By the way, there is nothing wrong with hot dog stands or taco trucks — we 100 percent support them and the delicious food they have to offer.
As foodrevolt.com points out, a good wedding is all about setting the mood, and a lunch truck completely helps out in the ambiance department. Getting a food truck to cater a wedding is considered cool nowadays, and it can also display to the guests that the act of a wedding is a celebration — and people should have fun at celebrations, and weddings.
RELATED: Big John's Ragin' Cajun Food Truck Is Providing Fort Wayne, Indiana With Authentic New Orleans Food. If you are ever in Fort Wayne, then you have to make a stop at Big John's Ragin' Cajun Food Truck. If nothing else, the pictures in this article will really get your tastebuds going.
Not only is a mobile catering truck delicious and typically cheaper than other options, but it also comes with a flexible eating schedule. There are some pros and cons to this (mostly pros). A flexible eating schedule is a good thing because if someone isn't hungry, then they can simply eat whenever they want. All they have to do is enter the line of greatness that takes them right to the food truck window. However, a con can come into play if the line gets extremely long. That's why couples should think about hiring two trucks, especially if there are going to be a lot of people. After all, one food truck can only serve so many people.
Just imagine a food truck showing up late at night to a wedding. Can you picture anything better? The guests — you know, the ones who have been dancing and having a good time — will never be more excited than when they see a food truck showing up at a wedding at night.
If you are on the food truck side of things (aka you are working at the truck), then you are not only getting your name and brand out there — and making good money — but you are helping to make the bride and groom's day even more special. Really, it's a win-win for everyone involved.
RELATED: Gypsy Express' Unique Background Is Why The Food Truck Industry Is So Great. But seriously, Gypsy Express' background is why we love the food truck industry. You have to check out their wonderful story!
Oh yeah, outdoor weddings are amazing, and they really help to set the mood, going back to that whole ambiance thing.
One of the best things about having food truck weddings is the food. Yes, we have already touched upon the fact that food truck food is to die for, but there are other benefits that revolve around the food. For example, guests of the wedding can have their meals specialized, which will ensure happy customers. Here's the big thing: If someone has a food allergy, is crushing the paleo diet, doesn't eat meat, stays away from gluten or whatever it might be, said someone can get all of his/her needs met when he/she actually orders. The alternative isn't very intriguing, which consists of the bride and groom actually having to worry about each individual's wants and needs. Basically, food truck weddings are a one-stop shop for everyone.
Having a food truck cater your wedding might not be the most traditional option of all time, but food truck weddings are becoming more and more popular by the day thanks to the convenience they bring to the table. Plus, the food is amazing.
All in all, couples want their special day to be filled with happy memories and happy people. While a food truck can't make that goal come true on its own, it can certainly take care of everything in the food department. Food trucks are really taking over the wedding scene — and for good reason.


Comprehensive services, from the basics to teeth whitening to implants.
Our cosmetic dentistry focuses on improving the appearance of the teeth, mouth, and smile. We offer a variety of options including, bonding, veneers, and inlays and overlays to help you look and feel your very best.
Dentistry is founded on prevention. We recommend all patients get biannual cleanings and examinations.
Dentures are removable appliances that can replace missing teeth and help restore your smile, your appearance, and your health. Also, dentures make it easier to eat and speak better than you could without teeth—activities people often take for granted..
A dental crown is a tooth-shaped "cap" that is placed over a tooth. It covers the tooth to restore its shape, size, strength, and improve its appearance. Crowns, when cemented into place, fully encase the entire visible portion of a tooth that lies at and above the gum line.
A dental implant substitutes for the tooth root, over which a crown is placed. Dental implants are the closest you can get to healthy, natural teeth, and they allow you to enjoy all of your regular activities without worrying about your teeth.
We perform root canals in the office to treat, repair, and save a badly damaged or infected tooth.
Invisalign aligners are used to straighten crooked or crowded teeth, as well as close gaps and adjust overbites. The treatment involves wearing clear, plastic trays that are custom-designed for your mouth, making Invisalign a less-noticeable alternative to metal braces.


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Welcome to the homepage for Hawaii Youth Services Network (HYSN), a statewide coalition of youth-serving organizations and a Pacific Islands Training and Technical Assistance Center.
HYSN provides organizational capacity building via training and technical assistance to youth serving agencies in Hawaii and the Pacific Islands. We help youth organizations build partnerships and collaborations that bring millions of dollars in federal funding to Hawaii. HYSN does needs assessment, planning and public policy development to ensure that youth and their families have the resources to help them grow and thrive.
HYSN is currently working in the following areas:
Runaway and Homeless Youth Services
Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention
Bullying and Violence Prevention
Improving the Foster Care and Juvenile Justice Systems
To learn more about HYSN, please contact us at:
E-mail: jclark@hysn.org
FROM JUDITH'S DESK
According to a new report from the Population Institute, the United States gets a "D" grade when it comes to reproductive health. In its analysis, the Population Institute looked at four different factors of reproductive health: effectiveness, which takes into account the number of teen pregnancies and percentage of unintended pregnancies; prevention, such as education programs, access to emergency contraception, and allowing minors to have access to contraception; affordability, including access to birth control for those without insurance and low-income individuals; and access, which looks at how "burdensome" it is to seek family planning and abortion services.
Hawaii fared better with a "B-". We received high marks for mandating comprehensive sexual health education in public schools, expanding Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act, and mandating hospital emergency rooms to provide information on emergency contraception and dispense it upon request.
Yet we know that there is much work to be done before all schools are ready to implement the Board of Education policy. Teachers need training; schools need to find room in their busy schedules; and the Department of Education lacks sufficient funding to purchase curricula and other materials. And this will only happen if parents, students, and other community members make it known that they want, expect it, and are willing to work to make it a reality.
How do you mobilize a community to create effective change? In January, Hawaii Youth Services Network conducted training on community mobilization. Twenty individuals participated in a 2-day training of leaders and more than 50 people took part in a full-day training, including a simulation exercise. The training focused on ways to identify, enlist and retain community champions and change agents (See photo of Lala Fernandez and Cyd Hoffeld as they prepare to recruit members for Tenacious Change Agents.). We also worked on ways to help groups come to consensus, involve champions and change agents in meaningful ways, and select "good fit" activities for your community.
We are excited to see the ways that our trainees will use these skills to create positive change for Hawaii's youth.
Cyd Hoffeld and Lala Fernandez display their skills in Community Mobilization
Much Mahalo To
Howard Garval, president and CEO of Child &Family Service, is retiring later this year after more than a decade leading one of Hawaii's largest nonprofit organizations.
The 69-year-old Garval joined the social services agency, which offers programs for abuse victims, caregivers and families in crisis, in 2006. He will leave the organization on Sept. 30.
"I love Hawaii and feel blessed that I had the opportunity to come here, live and work here, and experience the beauty of the islands and its people," Garval said in a news release. "I believe in the spirit of aloha and have witnessed it innumerable times in the years I have been here. In spite of all of the challenges that exist here and that those of us in the nonprofit sector face each day, I can honestly say it has all been worthwhile."
Hon. Star-Advertiser, 1/26/17
2017 My Hawai'i Creative Writing Contest
The 2017 My Hawai'i creative writing contest is open to all middle school students (6-8th grade) in the state. Students are invited to submit their best story or poem that addresses the theme, "He Wa'a, He Moku – Malama Honua: Caring for Our Island Earth" to align with the 2017 Hawai'i Conservation Conference theme.
FOR MORE INFORMATION Contest details and this flyer are available online at: www.hawaiiconservation.org/my-hawaii Share the flyer with teachers and post it for students and parents! Questions? Contact: myhawaiistory@gmail.com
The Sex Abuse Treatment Center (SATC)
The Sex Abuse Treatment Center (SATC) has collaborated with the Hawai'i Theatre for Youth (HTY) and T-Shirt Theatre to create Expect [respect], a one-hour theatrical performance and discussion about sexual violence prevention created for middle school aged students. The play is made up of short vignettes that focus on the importance of respecting boundaries and how students can create a safe environment for everyone. Expect [respect] is a no-cost show that can be booked to perform at your Middle School, or youth program.
Expect [respect] will have a preview night on February 8th at Tenney Theatre (see below for more details). The purpose of this preview night is to allow for students, teachers, administrators, parents, or anyone else who works or interacts with middle school aged youth, to view Expect [respect]. There will be no cost to attend the preview night, and you are welcome to bring anyone you think would be interested in viewing the performance.
We are very excited to debut our new theatrical performance. If you are able, please join us.
Place: Tenney Theatre
229 Queen Emma Square
Parking will be available in front of Tenney Theatre for a flat charge of $3. Please use the entrance on Beretania Street and take an immediate right into the parking lot.
Building Competency in Serving Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth Training Conference for Community Partners
Ala Moana Hotel Hibiscus Ballroom
8:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Registration Fee To Be Determined
Featuring: Preview of a new documentary on Tongan Leiti by renowned film-makers, Wilson and Hamer, and overview of their film, A Place in the Middle, a Native Hawaiian approach to inclusion with Kumu Hina Wong. Presentations on LGBT basics; LGBT support in government agencies; LGBT health concerns and support; LGBT initiatives statewide; LGBT support in our schools; and family, faith, and culture.
Sponsored by the Family Court's Committee on LGBT Youth in Hawaii's Juvenile Justice System
Improving Oral Health: Using Telehealth to Create Hawai'i's Virtual Dental Home - Andrew Tseu, DDS and JD
February 17, 2017 Friday
Wellbeing and Resiliency: From Mental Health to Whole Health - Margaret Walkover, MPH and David Lev, PhD
March 17, 2017 Friday
Culture of Health: Framework for Improving Wellbeing - Joan Takamori, APRN
April 21, 2017 Friday
Losing Tim: Using Collaborative Processes to Strengthen the Mental Health System - Paul Gionfriddo, CEO of Mental Health America
May 19, 2017 Friday
Leadership through Collaboration: Highlights of Accomplishments - Suzanne Chun Oakland
June 16, 2017 Friday
Friday Brain Health and Preventing Dementia - Kamal Masaki, MD
July 14 , 2017
Friday Media and Messaging: Changing Images of Mental Illness and Homelessness - Trisha Kajimura, MPH
Friday Negotiation Skills: Communication Strategies to Improve Health - Elizabeth Kent, JD
Friday Health Literacy: Tools to Health Equity and Empowerment - Gloria Fernandez, PhD, RN, PHN
Thursday Quality Improvement: Success Stories from Queens Medical Center - Eleanor Huey, MPH
Friday Translating Research into Practice: Making Health Systems Work - Victoria Rayle, BS
Member Listings
Hawaii Youth Services Network - 677 Ala Moana Blvd., Suite 904 Honolulu, HI 96813 - 808-489-9549

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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+Chatham News, The Center for Women's Entrepreneurship
Chatham University's Center for Women's Entrepreneurship Launches Entrepreneurship Hub
June 28, 2017 newseditor
PITTSBURGH—Chatham University announced today the opening of a new 3,000 square foot Entrepreneurship Hub located at Chatham's Eastside campus at 6585 Penn Avenue. The Hub is a partnership to serve women entrepreneurs run by The Center for Women's Entrepreneurship at Chatham University (Center) and Chatham's Women's Business Center (CWBC), formerly located at Chatham's Shadyside campus, and is funded through the support of The Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation, Google.org, and the PNC Foundation.
The newly established Entrepreneurship Hub will become a nexus for mentoring, training, and networking events, and among the highlights, will offer new digital literacy programming and prototyping/design training in a new lab space open to women entrepreneurs and the Chatham community. The core components of The Hub include:
A Financial Literacy Program
A Prototyping and Design Lab
A Digital Literacy Program
Mentoring and Mentor Training Programs
Makers in the creative industries who want to develop and commercialize products will have the opportunity to participate in the Prototyping and Design Lab, which will feature hands-on training and the latest technological equipment to support women entrepreneurs and makers. For those seeking financing resources and access to capital, The Hub's Financial Literacy Program will host workshops and seminars in conjunction with regional partners, including accountants, CDFI lenders, banks, and bookkeepers. In addition, the Center's new Entrepreneurship Café meeting space will serve as a focal point for further engagement and learning.
Building on the Connecting Urban Entrepreneurs (CUE) program piloted by Google Pittsburgh, the Center, and other partners, The Hub will also establish a Digital Literacy Training Program, through the assistance of Google.org. The Digital Program at The Hub will be offered through the CWBC and will assist business owners who lack a functional online presence in establishing a brand, creating a functioning website, and understanding the tools needed to build and sustain a compelling online presence moving forward.
The Hub will also serve clients throughout the region through CWBC established in 2016 through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Small Business Administration. CWBC currently serves entrepreneurs throughout the 27 counties of Western Pennsylvania, and will continue its focus to engage women from economically and socially disadvantaged backgrounds and women veterans while also providing one-on-one counseling in the community and on-site at The Hub.
About The Center for Women's Entrepreneurship
The Center for Women's Entrepreneurship at Chatham University creates economic opportunities for women through entrepreneurial education and training, mentoring, and networking. Building on Chatham University's tradition of educating women for 145 years, The Center for Women's Entrepreneurship at Chatham University has provided quality education and training for women entrepreneurs since 2005. Funding for the Entrepreneurship Hub and its programming has been provided by The Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation, Google.org, and the PNC Foundation. For more information about programs offered by The Center, call 412-365-1253 or visit www.chatham.edu/cwe.
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(NEW ORLEANS) – Peripheral Artery Disease, or PAD), a condition that develops when arteries become clogged with plaque, affects one in every 20 Americans over the age of 50. Those with PAD are at greater risk of having a heart attack or stroke. This condition does not always come with symptoms, so many people who have PAD don't know it.
In recognition of PAD Awareness Month, UMC New Orleans will host a free ultrasound screening & prevention event on Saturday, September 24 from 9 a.m. The screening will take place in UMC Conference Center, Room J. It is presented in partnership with AAAneurysm Outreach, New Cardiovascular Horizons and Amerigroup Real Solutions, will include a quick, painless, and non-invasive procedure to measure systolic blood pressure in the limbs.
Pre-registration is preferred for the September 24 event, but walk-ins are welcome. To schedule an appointment for screening, call (888) 871-3801.


Are You Using the Best Financial Products for You?
Long before I started a personal finance blog, I was someone who secretly loved comparing financial products. I was always on the hunt for the cheapest chequing account with unlimited transactions or the savings account with the highest interest rate, and I wasn't afraid to switch banks (multiple times) to get the best. As soon as I discovered free options, I was hooked and knew I would never go back to paying for my daily banking products. I used Coast Capital Savings for 5 years, then switched to Tangerine (formerly ING Direct Canada) in 2012 and haven't looked back since.
Note: There are no affiliate or referral links in this post. Like past posts on this topic, I simply want to share information on the financial products I use and talk about why I use them!
Let's go back in time to two years ago: I was working full-time and travelling (almost) constantly. Some months, I was only on the road for 5 days. But most months, I was gone for at least two weeks. And sometimes, I was only home for 5 days. Where was I travelling to? Usually, Toronto for work. I also took advantage of the fact that I worked remotely and visited family/friends often. Needless to say, I was a good candidate for a travel rewards credit card. And because of how often I travelled within Canada, the WestJet RBC World Elite MasterCard seemed like a good fit.
I remember being hesitant to pay an annual fee for a credit card. After using basic free credit cards for years, the idea of paying $99 to use one didn't exactly spark joy. But the bonus $250 of WestJet dollars offset the fee. And during the two years I used the card, I earned an additional ~$500 of WestJet dollars. I also used a $99 companion voucher when Sarah and I flew to NYC in May 2015, which saved us an additional ~$500. So in two years, I paid $297 (2 x $99 annual fee + $99 companion voucher) and saved ~$1,250 in travel costs. That's a net reward of $953. Sounds good, right?
It was good! In fact, it was a great card for the first year I had it. But after I quit my job, I stopped travelling within Canada as much. It was also impossible to use my $99 companion voucher (you get one every year) on flights to certain cities outside of the country, which is where I wanted to go. The numbers don't lie: it was a great card, and is an excellent option for anyone who does a lot of travel in this country. But I grew tired of the restrictions and wanted something that came with more options. So, I did another comparison in January and decided to switch over to the RBC Visa Infinite Avion.
Before I talk about why, let's look at the second card I was using: the Scotia Momentum Visa Infinite. The reason I signed up for this card in 2015 was because the annual fee was waived for the first year (value of $99). It's also been rated one of the best cash back credit cards in Canada for years, because it offers 4% on groceries and gas. If you have a family (or just spend a lot on groceries) or commute, earning $4 for every $100 you spend is a huge reward for your spending! And it adds up fast. In two years, I paid $99 (1 x $99 annual fee) and earned ~$500 in cash back. That's a net reward of $401.
So again, it was a good card. But there were also lots of little things about it that bothered me. For starters, it took up to a week for transactions to be posted online, which is extremely frustrating when you're someone who forgets to keep receipts but likes to track your spending. The cash back categories also weren't great for me. I barely spend money on gas (a 4% category) and almost never spend money at drug stores (a 2% category). So, I did another comparison in January and decided to switch to the Tangerine Money-Back Credit Card.
Now, here's where I'm going to geek out over my new cards like they are shiny new toys – because in a way, they are. When used responsibly, these two little pieces of plastic give me the opportunity to earn rewards for simply doing all my regular spending. I'm no longer restricted to just flying with one airline. The points I earn with my new RBC Visa can be used for flights, hotels, car rentals and other travel-related costs (plus it has good travel insurance). And with the Tangerine MasterCard, I pay no annual fee and I get to choose the three categories I earn 2% cash back on – and I can change them anytime!
Before impulsively filling out an application, I played around with my numbers and picked the three categories that made the most sense for me personally. I know I spend an average of $300 on groceries, $150 on bills and $150 at restaurants each month, so I plugged those amounts in and found the Tangerine MasterCard would be the better card for me – even if it meant losing the 4% cash back on gas. The savings was minimal (and will likely end up evening out), but when I factored in the fact that transactions get posted right away with the Tangerine MasterCard, I was sold.
I can't say for sure if the RBC Visa will be the best card for me, but I figured it was worth trying! The welcome bonus is worth up to $350, which offsets the $120 annual fee for almost three years. And aside from the fact that I didn't want my travel rewards credit card to be attached to a specific airline, I also switched to this card because it was a Visa (don't want two MasterCards) and because RBC holds my longest credit history. I got my first credit card with them in 2004, and have just switched the type of card I use without cancelling any old cards and erasing that history (which I would never want to lose). Needless to say, I'm an RBC credit card customer for life.
One of my goals for the slow money experiment was to change my budgeting strategy. I'm realizing that was perhaps a bit misleading, because the only thing I really wanted to change was the two credit cards I use. I'm happy with the methods in which I track my spending, add up my numbers and my net worth, etc. On a day-to-day basis, I feel in control of my money and that's the main purpose of budgeting. Instead, now that I'm equipped with two new credit cards, I had to designate one for personal (Tangerine) and one for business (RBC) and then switch over all my recurring monthly payments. Now that that's done, I can cross another goal off the list!
So, how does any of this information help you? If you're Canadian, you might be curious to hear which credit cards people use. And if you have any questions about these four cards, specifically, I'm a nerd and would love to chat about any/all of them in more detail. But no matter where you live, I hope this super nerdy post serves as another reminder that you're in control of which financial products you use. What you're using today doesn't have to be what you use forever – especially if you're not happy with it.
If you're paying too much in banking fees, try to negotiate with your bank or make the switch to cheaper/free options. If you're not earning any rewards and don't carry a balance, look at other credit cards. It seems like a hassle (and sometimes it does come with a little paperwork) but it just takes a little organization on your part. And if you're not happy with the products you use, you're allowed to switch to ones that are better suited for you. Your existing bank is not the boss of your money, you are!
Whenever someone asks how they can talk about money more openly with their family/friends, I suggest starting small by asking which financial products they use. Or go a little deeper and ask if they are happy with them. In my experience with those conversations, most people are still paying high fees for no reason and getting zero bang for their buck – and they are not happy about it. You're allowed to want more for your money. You earned it. It helps you pay for your life today and will fund your life in the future. So do the legwork and the paperwork. Find the best financial products for you. Then spread what you know. Because the more we talk about this stuff, the more we'll all learn from each other.
PS – My last goal for the slow money experiment was to change my investing strategy. This deserves a post of its own, so look for that on Friday! Then we're onto a new month, friends!
WE HAVE SO MUCH TO TALK ABOUT IN REGARDS TO THIS CAIT, haha. I just switched all my financial and investment products in the last month.
Haha, I love that your first comment on my blog is about financial and investment products. This is so indicative of our friendship.
I'm pretty happy with my financial products, but I'm a nerd. I use a high-yield online savings account after switching from my local credit union (they had terrible service!). I also have my investments with Betterment and I can't complain about them. I always try to recommend good products and services I like whenever I hear people complaining about their own – except for travel credit card rewards. For most people, I think it takes an extreme amount of discipline to use them correctly. If you use them wrong, they'll cost you more money than they're worth. I'm not willing to put that on someone unless I know they're super responsible or I stress how much work it really is to do the credit card churning thing.
I totally agree – with all rewards credit cards, in general. If you can't pay off the statement balance each month, it's not worth it. Not at all. Never, ever.
I can honestly say that I have no clue if I'm using the best financial products for myself and my family – which means that I am most likely NOT using the best products. I do have free checking and all that jazz and I do get rewards on the credit cards I use, but I surely have not optimized it. We try to not use credit cards at all, but there are areas where it makes sense, like for travel.
This post has definitely made me think about all the cash we're probably leaving on the table. With my husband traveling more and more for work (he gets reimbursed but we have to shell out airline fees up front) this is something we should start tracking! Thanks for the insight!
Glad it made you think! I'd be hesitant to charge huge travel expenses to a personal card, if only for the fact that it might take a long time to get reimbursed, and I wouldn't want anyone to be charged interest (especially because it quickly wipes out the value of the rewards). But if it could work for you guys, it's worth exploring your options.
2017 has been a year to make big changes like this for me, too. After 11 years with Wells Fargo (I actually started with Wachovia, before they were bought out), I recently closed all of my accounts there, including my oldest credit card. The majority of my credit cards are with JP Morgan Chase (I'm sorry if this is rubbing salt in the wounds, but Chase credit cards like Sapphire Reserve, Sapphire Preferred and Freedom Unlimited, plus co-branded cards with airlines and hotels come with some AMAZING sign-up bonuses here in the States) so I also signed up for a checking account with them and got a $300 sign-up bonus!
After the fall-out from Betterment's price increases, I opened a Vanguard account and have been waiting on my money to show up from my rollover. Also, my 401(a) provider was changed by my employer, but that was actually a change for the better (lower fees) so I am happy that it was forced upon me!
Holy moly! Sounds like you're getting all your financial ducks in a row this year, too! This feels like my new version of spring cleaning, haha. And yes, our sign-up bonuses are a joke compared to yours… take advantage of them!
I also never thought about my credit cards until 2015. My parents had opened one for me 15 years ago and since I used my debit card for everything, I thought, who cares? I thought it wasn't worth the hassle to look for/apply for a new one and I thought all credit card companies were evil (okay, kinda still do), but when I realized I was leaving rewards/cash on the table, I looked into a better card. (Note: I'm American, so these are American cards.) I started using CitiBank's Double Cash card, nervously at first because I wondered if I would use it responsibly and pay it off each month but that's not been an issue. I get cash back faster for paying it off! I thought I'd be content with that for a while, but now I'm starting to travel more and just last week looked into travel cards. I never thought I'd pay for a card, but the Chase Sapphire Reserve card stood out as the clear winner and the fee will essentially be paid back by the rewards. I am so excited for my "shiny, new toy" (I feel that way too). I'm looking forward to using it and balancing my purchases between the two cards to get the best benefits. Finance geeks unite!
Ahh, interesting! I don't give much thought to my bank account and credit card choices, but it's true that we need to evaluate these just as much as our expenses. I've used USAA after a bad experience with Chase and overall I've been satisfied. I just don't like how their rewards points card doesn't earn quite as many points as other cards. I think we'll stick with them, though, since it's more convenient to have all of our bills in one place.
We just switched CC Providers to scoop up the Bonus rewards points, not sure we will stick with the card after the first year, but will get a few free flights!
With how easy it is to switch Financial Institutions online it's a great idea to evaluate and move to the best deal!
Couldn't agree more! It takes a little organization, but is usually a lot easier than we worry it will be.
Hi. I did the same thing about two years ago. We switch to Tangerine and kept our RBC Infinite Avion. I have an urge to cancel the old credit cards we don't use anymore in an effort to minimize and feel more organized. Why would or wouldn't you cancel the old cards?
This is just a timely post for me! I've been putting off calling my bank and negotiating my monthly fee ($11). As far as credit cards go, I've heard that cancelling a card can affect your credit score negatively so I've always been vigilant—is that the case?
When you cancel a credit card, it will temporarily put a ding in your score, yes. But there's two things to consider. First, is it your oldest credit card that holds a lot of your credit history? If so, don't cancel it – ever. And second, if it's NOT your oldest card and you don't need your credit score anytime soon (i.e. if you're not applying for a loan or mortgage or anything) then don't worry about it. The small ding it will cause is only temporary, and continuing to use your other forms of credit will help it go back up. So, I cancelled the Scotia card I was using for the last two years. My score will take a small hit, but it'll bounce back!
We have two credit cards–one Master Card and one Visa. Both pay cash rewards. We charge nearly everything we buy, including groceries and fuel, but pay in full every month. We get a LOT of free money every year using this system. BTW, my husband uses primarily one card and I use primarily the other which makes keeping track of our spending even easier since we tend to make different categories of purchases. Thus, if a clothing purchase shows up on his card he knows it's bogus before even asking me. If one gets hacked, which happens occasionally, we both change to the other until a replacement card arrives.
Thanks for the reminder to reevaluate these every so often. We got the Southwest Airlines cards to get a companion pass, but after we got the pass we switched back to our Fidelity Visa that gives 2% back on everything.
5% back on certain categories from a different card sounded sexier, but it turned out that we come out ahead with the 2% on everything. Fidelity could definitely make the card prettier and shinier (it's just a dull green), but it serves its purpose well.
Haha, isn't it funny how we notice what the cards look like now? I've never cared before, but when the Tangerine MC came in the mail, I realized it might be the coolest looking card that has ever been in my wallet.
What a timely post! Today I added up my monthly fees with TD Bank (as they no longer offer free checking) and was astounded at the total! So, I consolidated retirement, checking and savings with Fidelity. No fees of any kind! Thank you for sharing.
This is a great post Cait, and I am glad you are taking advantage of the benefits credit cards can offer. We have selected our credit cards judiciously and have reaped lots of cash and saved some fees. We use the National Bank World Elite MC for all purchases other than food purchased at Provigo/Loblaws. It provides between 2 % and 2.5% cash back, with a great trip cancellation and interuption and car rental insurance. I make sure to book all travel with this card. We recently renovated a condo and purchased all of our renovation materials with this card. Over the past 18 months we have cashed 2K in rewards. We use the President's Choice World Elite MC for all of our purchases at Provigo/Loblaws. I purchase about $1000 of food per month and usually exchange about $80 cash-back per month. It's awesome! Finally, we hold what was formerly the Sears Mastercard, which is now a Scotia MC. I signed up for this card because it does not charge foreign transaction fees and we use it only when we travel abroad. I evaluate and compare our credit cards about once a year, but two of these cards have a very long credit history and I would hesitate to cancel them. I have discussed the benefits of these cards with friends (especially the benefit of not paying foreign transaction fees to my friends who travel, but their eyes just glaze over!).
Ooo yes, no foreign transaction fees is an amazing benefit! That's awesome, Marie-Josée! I can assure you my eyes are not glazed over ;) they are wide with jealousy, haha.
I love that I am not the only one that geeks out about financial products Cait. I made the move to Tangerine bank accounts a few years ago and couldn't be happier. I had a Scotiabank momentum visa but got a Tangerine Master card in December. I love that you can choose your categories for cash back, and they gave me an introductory 4% cash back for the first three months. And just like you mentioned, I was always annoyed that it took Scotiabank a long time to post your credit card transactions – I love that I can see all of my transactions for my Tangerine card right away. And you can't complain about no annual fee!
Really really interesting post, thanks for sharing!
Thanks for the great post Cait! It's a massive project finding all the financial products that work best for you, but so worth it!!
I've been using Tangerine for chequing and EQ Bank for short-term saving and really adore both. Some of the best by-products of making the switch from TD was that I no longer feel loyalty to my bank or fear the hassle of moving my money if it's not working for me.
Ahhh, what an interesting realization, Jamie! That makes sense to me: switch once, see that it's not so hard, then you're comfortable ditching your loyalty and doing it again (if needed).
This is so timely, as I'm contemplating switching credit cards to maximize my rewards. I have been using the UPromise card which allows you to accrue points to pay down student loans, but I'm almost done paying down my student loans–WOOT!–so it's not a useful benefit for much longer.
I appreciate your thoughts on annual fees and how to take a real look at the cost/benefit of rewards and incentives. Very helpful. Thanks!
Thank you for this post, since it's a neglected area in my financial independence journey! It's much easier for me to squeeze my pennies than think about how to optimize them. And I'm happy with where I put my retirement savings–Vanguard index funds. But there are lots more areas to consider.
In general, I have been happy with keeping my checking account at a local credit union. We used to get 2% interest on it, but that is no longer the case. I just switched my direct deposit to Chase Bank for a 6 month period in order to qualify for a $300 sign-up bonus, but I plan to go back to the credit union, which feels safer, after that time.
Credit cards are the area where I have everything to learn. I hardly use them.
I have been with RBC for 17 years. Is it necessary to have a long term relationship with your bank anymore?
Recently my 18 daughter got caught up in one of those email scams. RBC cashed a fraudulent cheque and released the nearly $2,500 to her without verifying or holding the funds at all. She had $800 in her account at the time and only 4 months of regular activity but say they released it because she was a long standing customer (I opened the account when she was 6 years old) and because I am also on the account. Apparently the limits I put in place to protect her meant nothing, as the tellers can override these with ease. The bank took no responsibility even though they confirmed that her account had a $100 unverified limit.
She now has an account elsewhere but reluctant to close RBC completely. Do bank accounts affect your credit score like credit cards? Does the length of time you've been with a bank benefit you at all?
I have a low-interest credit card with RBC, but I'm not really happy with it. I opened it years ago, only because I had an account with RBC already. In my hometown, the only other bank was TD Bank, so I sort of picked RBC by default. I've tried to end my financial relationship with them many times, in favour of Tangerine and PC Financial (no fees!) but it's been hard. I don't want to cancel my account and loose all my credit history with them.
I am a nerd like yourself when it comes to my banking products. I have a gold Amex with Scotia. Annual fee is $99, but I get 4% back on groceries, restaurants, gas stations etc. and the points are very easy to redeem either for rewards, or you can just apply them very easily to anything travel related that is on your statement for that month. The only drawback is that it takes it few days for transactions to get posted. I also got a $350 welcome bonus. Absolutely love that card!
Thanks for sharing your thoughts! Now that I'm back in Canada, it's time to optimize my accounts for real. Thanks for inspiring me to make it happen.
I need to thank you so much for this blog! I found it this past summer when I was wanting to take control of my finances and it has been so encouraging and helpful! I bring it up all the times and rave to my friends at dinners all the time about how liberating it is, especially that you are a BC girl too.
I just recently went through the hassle of switching credit cards and banks, but am so glad I did. I was with BMO, all student, no charge accounts and the BMO Student Air miles MasterCard, but they finally caught on to the fact that I'm no longer in school and started charging me for everything. I loved the idea of air miles but hated how hard it was to get flights at busy times of the year.
I set up accounts with Tangerine, intrigued by all your luck and good words about Tangerine, but got frustrated by the amount of work on my part and lack of physical presence of a bank near by, so I gave up on them, though loved the idea of free banking!!!!!!!!
I did some quick research online and finally decided to go with RBC, ultimately out of personal preference. The my chequeing account monthly fee is the same as most other mainstream banks (Scotia, BMO, TD etc.) and no fees for my generic saving account, also I appreciated the fact that I could go into a bank and set up an account with a customer service rep.
As my TFSA and a few terms are with a Credit Union, I compared their credit card options with RBC's, wanting to condense my banking footprint. It was important for me to not pay an annual fee, while still getting some sort of travel advantage, so finally I decided to go with my Credit Unions No Fee MasterCard. There was a bonus of 1000 points for signing up and I earn 1 point per dollar spent. I haven't looked into using the points yet, but enjoy that I don't have to stick to one airline when I do go to use them.
So I use both the Scotia Infinite and RBC Westjet still. For me they make good sense still due to our varied spending and flying we do for the business. Great overview and one big benefit to switching every few years alone is the benefit of the sign up bonuses.


Home » JW Video » Former Jehovah's Witnesses Proclaim: I'm not who I was!
Former Jehovah's Witnesses Proclaim: I'm not who I was!
www.happyxwitness.com The video you are about to see is based off of the video Brandon Heath did of his song, "I'm not who I was." In our video we decided to show pictures of former Jehovah's Witnesses describing who they were in the Watchtower and now who they are in Christ.


With the success of digital marketing in business arena, the activities in the online world have gained significant momentum. This means every company must have someone who will work in the designation of a digital expert in order to help them build an effective online presence.
Digital marketing consists of many marketing processes, ranging from the internet to smartphone apps, SMS to email, social media, visuals, and search engine marketing structures. Since digital marketing has been established a vast growing subject, there are numerous courses programs that can be availed to be a master of its content.
With a good digital marketing course, you can gain a marketing vision and participate in the ecosystem, technologies, and tools of digital marketing and make innovative business models. Furthermore, these courses allow you to master the digital terminology, be familiar with the latest digital marketing trends, and learn how you can make a good intellectual strategy as well as deliver versatility in online-offline integrated projects using numerous digital tools.
Luckily, numerous internet giants such as Google offer a range of online courses on digital marketing that are intended to help you improve your marketing skills. The best part is that some of these courses are absolutely free of cost. Availing some of the best online courses on digital marketing not only help those actively working in the field but also are useful for businesspersons who seek to make their businesses successful in this fast-paced entrepreneurship environment.
In today's modern era, where all types of business settings have to have an adequate knowledge of all possible aspects of the business, there are many online courses on digital marketing as well as on other marketing techniques that help business owners to acquire the best for them.
Digital marketing is a subject that was rarely chosen earlier because of its cost but today online resources make it possible for millions of people worldwide with an interest in marketing to benefit these free education programs. Following are 5 of the best online courses on digital marketing you can enroll in exclusively with Google and get a bright future in marketing.
This online marketing course covers 5 months of training program, teaching you 6 hours per week. Squared Online was founded by Google in collaboration with Home Learning College in order to provide individuals seamless digital marketing leadership skills. Like other online courses on digital marketing available, this program is taught by some of the top industry experts with a unique and practical approach for real-life training. Squared Online focuses on assessing the connection between digital innovations and rapidly-changing consumer behavior, highlighting the points how this connection will be evolving in the future. This program not helps you boost your digital marketing skills but also teaches you how to prose a company to build an effective digital presence for a successful growth of their business in the market.
With a special focus to enable you to be familiar with the basic and intermediate aspects of digital marketing and online advertising, AdWords is another excellent option to choose from top online courses on digital marketing. It consists of important elements such as how you can set up AdWords, handle a marketing campaign successfully, assess and optimize your marketing efforts. Once you are done with the training, Google gives you the opportunity to assess your knowledge based on the study material and get a certification. The assessment is taken with 65 diverse questions that individuals need to answer within given time, usually 90 minutes. In order to earn the certification, scoring above 80% is a must. In case if you do not success in the first attempt, Google allows you to retake your assessment so you do not miss the valuable certification.
This is indeed a good pick for those who are willing to obtain certification through online courses on digital marketing and succeed in the market. With AdWords Display certification course, you learn the basics of creating, managing, and optimizing display campaigns. Also, it teaches you how you can benefit from Google Display Network when managing AdWords display campaigns for an organization. The only prerequisite to avail the advantages of this course is to first take and complete AdWords Fundamental course that helps you learn the basics of the topic. An assessment can be taken to secure the certification as soon as you have understood the concepts. The best part of online courses on digital marketing is that they are very effective for marketing beginners who can always take their time to study and take free assessment anytime anywhere.
Created by FICCI in the partnership of the Indian School of Business, Google Digital Unlocked provides individuals the foundation for learning the basic digital marketing skills. This course consists of the fundamentals of the topic, a thorough introduction and easy understanding of digital world and online marketing. The program teaches you to the ways for how you can effectively plan online marketing strategies, get insights on the latest developments in digital media, make a reputable online presence, get ads' attractions, be functional with analytics, and so forth. Overall, Google Digital Overclocked is a full-ranged training program which allows you to take your time to go through provided study material. Quite contrary to other online courses on digital marketing, this program has a small assessment for each topic. Once you clear one, you can jump to the next topic and complete the program to get your certification.
Last but not least, we have Google Analytics Individuals Qualification in our list of top 5 online courses on digital marketing. This program convers basic and advanced analytical concepts like planning, implementation, analytics principles, administration, configurations, attribution, reports, metrics, conversions, and dimensions. Like other online courses on digital marketing on our list, Google Analytics Individuals Qualification is free of cost, and enables you to secure its certification by taking an assessment of 70 questions in 90 minutes. The passing score is 80 percent and above.


Tries from Eddie O'Mahony, Derek Keane, and Evan Sherlock, within twenty minutes of the second half start, heralded a rousing fightback in the AIL Div 2A fixture in Holmpatrick on Saturday. Malone, deservedly ahead by a comprehensive score of 5-29 at the break, were held scoreless as a rejuvenated Skerries side won the second half by 19 points to nil.
The Belfast visitors reaped the rewards of accurate kicking for touch, some excellent pick and drives, effective rolling mauls, and abrasive urgency, that resulted in spectacular tries from their backs , Liddel, Pentland, Brown, and Barker and a textbook pickup from a 5-metre scrum by No. 8 Ross Todd which yielded a further try. The try bonus award was achieved within thirty minutes. Malone's impressive performance was greatly assisted by some reluctance at times for the Skerries defence to engage.
In miserable conditions, as the rain fell sideways, the stunned home crowd were further numbed by the apparent avalanche of opposition tries in the first half. Excellent as Skerries were in attack, in defence they were porous.
The only interruption to Malone's onslaught being Kevin McGrath's power and pace which yielded a typical spectacular try. Skerries were on the rocks. They were leaking tries. With their influential Captain, Ross McAuley side-lined for three weeks through injury, it was not a good place to be.
On resumption, the prevailing conditions continued to influence. But, from the jaws of death, Skerries regrouped. Little did anyone know the drama that was yet to come.The home side upped their intensity tearing into rucks time and time again. Particularly effective and inspiring in no small part were the brothers Evan and AJ Sherlock who imposed their physicality in returning kick-offs and loose play.
Thomas O'Hare began to smother opposition lineout ball . Joe Glennon imposed his presence in both the tight and loose play. Derek Keane from his wing position contributed both vocal encouragement and direction while not shying from physical engagement. On the other wing Eddie O'Mahony's speed tested the Visitor's defence. Paul O'Loghlen who had moved from out half to scrumhalf offered a sharp accurate service. Substitute, Ciaran Frawley, in at out half, showed great creativity and his appreciation of the conditions resulted in intelligent kicking for position and distribution in the right area at the right time. James Faiva's introduction to the midfield now attracted the visitor's attention. Malone's justified pretensions of comfort from their first half dominance was suddenly shattered .
Skerries began to play with complete confidence and self-assurance. This young side are serving their time and perhaps they are coming of age. An honourable defeat. The leakage is not so pervasive that it cannot be remedied.
Skerries have a return fixture next Saturday Dec 12th. in Malone Park, Belfast, 2.30pm.


Orienteering Team Challenge: East Lothian | LEAP Sports Scotland Festival Fortnight.
A Challenge Orienteering quiz will take place at Cockenzie House as part of Festival Fortnight.
Some of the most diverse and creative events on the Festival Fortnight calendar every year, come courtesy of the Cockenzie House support team. This year is no exception. The super exciting Challenge Orienteering quiz will kick off at Cockenzie House, and will take you around the 425 year old village with its surprising historic ties and layers of mystery.
This is a team event with a maximum of 5 on each team. Suggested donation of £2 per adult, kids go free. Good walking and comfy boots or shoes recommended, and of course you should come prepared for the Scottish weather. Prizes for winners . Family friendly event and dogs welcome too.
As an added bonus, the 3 Harbours Arts Festival kicks off on the same day and you can get lost in some wonderful distractions and happenings around the village.
If you want more information, contact johnj@prideedinburgh.org.uk or you can get signed up on the Facebook event page.
This event is part of the LEAP Sports Scotland Festival Fortnight, and is supported by Cockenzie House and Gardens and Pride Edinburgh.
Written on 20th April 2017.


Over the past two years, FSC has been engaging with its stakeholders on a shared vision for the future of 'FSC Mix' products and the controlled wood used to produce them.
FSC members and other stakeholders have considered many alternatives, culminating in a three-day workshop in June 2018 based on a format known as 'Future Search.' Attendees developed a draft vision, objectives and actions (see attached). All of the elements of this draft strategy are now open for public consultation through September 17, 2018.
A controlled wood strategy advisory group will review the feedback and incorporate consultation recommendations into a final controlled wood strategy document to be presented to the FSC International Board of Directors at the end of 2018.


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Police march with protesters at George Floyd rally in Toms River
Jean Mikle
Asbury Park Press
TOMS RIVER - Township police joined with about 200 protesters here this morning to demand justice for the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis.
About 200 people marched from the parking lot of the Toms River Shopping Center, heading south on Main Street and then east on Washington Street, where they gathered in front of the Ocean County courthouse. They were joined by Freeholder Jack Kelly.
"This march is for us to be heard and seen," said Toms River resident Katrina Garcia, one of the event's organizers. "This is not about black and white. It's about everyone."
Police Chief Mitch Little, Deputy Chief Michael Belcher, Ocean County Prosecutor Bradley Bilhimer and the Rev. Michael Mazer, former pastor and member of the congregation at St. Andrew United Methodist Church, walked with Garcia at the front of the group of demonstrators.
Freehold protest:Freehold Township protest against the death of George Floyd described as 'peaceful'
They carried a banner the police department had brought to the march: "We are with you. Toms River Police Department." Councilman Terrance Turnbach and Capt. Anthony Carrington of the Prosecutor's Office walked with the marchers.
When they reached the courthouse, protesters knelt on one knee to observe a moment of silence in George Floyd's memory. The video playlist above this story has scenes from today's march.
Floyd, 46, died May 25 in Minneapolis after police there tried to arrest him following a forgery complaint. Video of the encounter, which spread widely online, showed a white police officer pressing a knee into Floyd's neck for nearly 9 minutes as Floyd gasped that he couldn't breathe.
Blackout Tuesday:George Floyd protests: Jersey musicians will, and won't, take a pause on Blackout Tuesday
Gov. Murphy:NJ George Floyd protests: Murphy expresses support at 'transformational moment'
Protests:NJ George Floyd protests: Which remained peaceful, where there was violence
The officer, Derek Chauvin, was charged Friday with third-degree murder and manslaughter.
It was the latest in a string of incidents in recent years in which unarmed black people have been killed in interactions with the police, deaths that have sparked heated protests and calls for reform.
"We've been trying to build relationships with the rest of the community for years," Little said. "Everyone here needs to know that we feel the same way about what happened. No good police officer agrees with what happened."
Bilhimer said he attended the protest to show that law enforcement in Ocean County "stands together with the peaceful protesters."
"We're all on the same side," Bilhimer said. "Hopefully, Ocean County can set an example that peaceful demonstrations are possible."
The protest in Toms River was one of several demonstrations in recent days in the Shore area that was sparked by the death of George Floyd, a black man who died at the hands of a white Minneapolis police officer last week.
Some of the initially peaceful protests have devolved into violence and looting, particularly after dark.
"The pain is real right here," Mazer said, in a prayer before the march started. "The life of Mr. Floyd does matter. May we hold this memory as a guiding light today."
George Floyd:Ocean County prosecutor, sheriff issue statements on George Floyd's death
As the walked through the parking lot and headed south on Main Street, protesters waved signs and chanted: "Black lives matter!" "Hands up, don't shoot," "I can't breathe," and "George Floyd!"
Signs read: "Toms River for equality, #BLM," "Justice 4 Floyd," "No Justice, No Peace," and "White Silence is Compliance."
"I'm really happy that everybody's here in peace," said Toms River resident Breana Renda, who helped organize the march. "The violence has to stop. We have to respect the wishes of the Floyd family. They called for peace."
Toms River resident Devon Orozco said she came to the protest because "I want everybody to know that we care, that their lives matter."
Referring to Martin Luther King Jr., Garcia said, "Let's continue his dream and make it a reality."
Jean Mikle covers Toms River and several other Ocean County towns, and has been writing about local government and politics at the Jersey Shore for nearly 35 years. A finalist for the 2010 Pulitzer Prize in public service, she's also passionate about the Shore's storied music scene. Contact her: @jeanmikle, 732-643-4050, jmikle@gannettnj.com.


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Policy Focus for Pheasants Forever in Alberta
Pheasants Forever Inc. History
Upland Wildlife Habitat Conservation
Land Acquisition and Leasing
Hunter/Mentor Education
PF Calgary-YouTube channel
Managing Director – Blog
Hunting Forecast for Southern Alberta
Pheasant Stamp Sales in Alberta
The Facts About Pheasant Stocking
Pheasant Life Cycle
Ron Carey Named Chair for 2019
Ron was born in 1939 in Regina, Saskatchewan. He was orphaned as a baby and was taken in by his mother's grandparents. The first 3 years of his life were spent at Waterways and Fort Smith. He was taken in and raised by Florence Whitelock at Czar Alberta. Florence passed away when Ron was fourteen years of age. He then went to Irma Alberta completing his schooling and, and working on Harry Long's Herford ranch until he was seventeen.
At the age of seventeen, Ron went to work on the oil rigs, becoming involved in an industry that would become his life's work. During his first few years in the oil patch the majority of the activity was in the winter. During the summer months Ron worked on road construction, operating crawler tractors and earth moving buggies building roads or driving trucks to move rigs. In his words "I was never without a job. When the rigs were operating, I was on one. When they were shut down, I would get a job doing whatever was available."
Ron worked his way through the ranks with numerous drilling contractors; while working for Cascade Drilling in Fort St. John in 1963 Ron was hired by Security Rock Bit a division of Dresser Industries. which would be the start of his drill bit career. After working long hours for little return for 10 years, he started his own company in 1973 – J & L Supply Co.
Philanthropy isn't always about cash in hand. Sometimes, with dedication, passion and plain old hard work, a person can make a meaningful difference. That's a good way to describe Ron Carey. He's a proud financial supporter of organizations like STARS air ambulance, Alberta Children's Hospital and a myriad of community sporting associations and conservation initiatives, but it's his long-time passion for automotive, oil and gas memorabilia that gives Albertans a unique and lasting legacy.
Carey's generous donations of collectibles have made the Gasoline Alley museums at Calgary's Heritage Park Historical Village and Irricana's Pioneer Acres possible. The Carey collection at Heritage Park alone is valued at more than $5 million. Even more significantly, these are old cars, trucks, gas pumps, signs and other items sourced from farms, auctions and elsewhere that Carey has restored and preserved with his own hands with support from many others.
One of Carey's other passions in life is the pursuit of wild sheep and accordingly, Ron has a trophy room that is reputed to be one of the very best and largest sheep collections the world over. Ron has over 36 species of sheep alone which represents a sheep from every country in the world that have wild sheep as well as 24 from the Capra (goat) family. With over 100 mounts and a mountain as a feature wall, Ron's trophy room is one for the record books.
Ron and J&L Supplies have been supporters of all conservation efforts here in Calgary for decades, being a prominent sponsor of Pheasants Forever, Ducks Unlimited and Trout Unlimited. Ron's connection to conservation however, ended on top of the mountain – south of the Border.
Ron has been a leader in the sheep world for many years. He spent 9 years as a national board member of the Wild Sheep Foundation – the leading conservation organization focussing on the conservation of wild mountain sheep around the world. During his tenure Ron became a Summit Life member and a member of the Marco Polo Society. Now, more in an advisory/mentor role Ron focuses his energy with the society on recruiting new folks to the sport.
Ron was and is a lot of things including a prominent businessman, however, above all he is a family man first. Ron and his wife Billi enjoy time with family and friends here in Calgary and in Phoenix. Ron can be found most days down in his shop– puttering away on another project – probably a gas pump.
26th Annual Dinner & Auction, Wednesday, May 1 st, 2019 BMO Centre
Donate to Calgary Pheasants Forever
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Chinook Conservation Site Purchase Welcome Terri Bass to the flock


Would you like to deeply explore the Master's recent talks for your personal spiritual gold? You'll find plenty of Sri Harold's wonderful insights, helpful tips, and boundless joy in this new booklet of his transcribed talks. This volume includes Doing Our Part, from the 2014 ECK Worldwide Seminar, and On Holy Ground, from the 2015 ECK Springtime Seminar.
The Master's lively humor, wisdom, and heart-opening stories—easily referenced in this streamlined format—await your discovery!
Downloadable version of item #019154 (see below).


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Contract Killer iPhone game a unique sniper experience
Most sniper apps tend to be quick and easy arcade shooters. You get a gun and have to eliminate so many targets in specific time limits, or something similar. Contract Killer takes a more nuanced approach, if you can say that about a game where you sit on a rooftop and pick off targets. Contract […]
Most sniper apps tend to be quick and easy arcade shooters. You get a gun and have to eliminate so many targets in specific time limits, or something similar. Contract Killer takes a more nuanced approach, if you can say that about a game where you sit on a rooftop and pick off targets.
Contract Killer functions more like a Grand-Theft-Auto-style game, at least in terms of the way you pick up contracts. Instead of randomly assigned levels where you shoot at nameless targets, you'll receive your next target from contacts that are laid out on a large city map.
While the game doesn't offer nearly the sort of choices you'll find in a game like GTA, the fact that the game has some sort of narrative that's integrated into your shooting is fairly impressive.
The actual gameplay aspect of Contract Killer is as sound as other sniper games, and the large number of upgrades you're able to make when it comes to your weapon of choice provides a bit of a hint that there's a lot of game to chew through here.
If there's a downside to Contract Killer, it's that although the story arcs are appreciated, between the time it takes to read through various scenarios and the time spent waiting for levels to load, you'll find yourself waiting on Contract Killer as much as you're actually playing it. Or at least it can feel that way after you've botched a mission and just want to restart as quickly as possible.
READ Gameloft: Mobile game development could hit seven figures
For a free app, Contract Killer is a solid game. It won't knock your socks off in too many ways, but it's worth checking out if you're looking for a deeper sniper experience.
Getting the Ultimate Mobile Gaming Experience
A Hollow Doorway – a great sensory experience
Apps for the Best World Cup Experience


The story of the Ngong Tea Plantation on Hong Kong's Lantau island is inextricable linked to the man behind it. Brook Antony Bernacchi was born in London on 22nd January 1922. Son of Antarctic explorer Louis Bernacchi, he was called to the bar in Britain in 1943 and joined the Royal Marines during the Second World War.
He arrived in Hong Kong with British liberation forces in 1945 as advisor to Major General FW Festing. Rather than return home when the handover was complete, he stayed and fashioned a life for himself, and, adequately equipped with his background in law, he quickly established himself in this field, joining the Bar and becoming a member of the Queen's Councel in 1948.
After walking on Lantau and discovering the Ngong Ping plateau, he fell in love with it and became friends with the abbot at the monastery. In 1947, he became the first Westerner to settle on Lantau when he bought 200 acres of land at a former nunnery in Ngong Ping, Lantau Island. Inspired by the tea estates he visited in Burma during the Second World War, he built a tea plantation on 70 acres of it as he considered its mountainous geography and wet, humid climate to be the perfect place to develop a tea plantation. Over 100,000 tea trees were imported from Ceylon and planted on the Ngong Ping mountaintop, comprising 4 different strains. The tea he produced was sold under the name Lotus Brand; the only Hong Kong grown tea available.
The plantation was also an opportunity for Bernacchi to engage in philanthropic works, including providing the opportunity of employment for recently released prisoners and drug addicts. Bernacchi also founded the Hong Kong Sea School in Stanley, to train disadvantaged young males for a career in the navy and established numerous other community welfare projects.
Over 40 staff were employed at the plantation at the height of the company's success in the 1960s. Sadly though, the competition from the mainland, with its much lower labour cost, drove prices down to a level that the Lotus brand could not compete with. The business was scaled down and continued over the new few decades off the back of Bernacchi's earnings from his work in law.
After being diagnosed with brain cancer in 1994, he headed back to the UK for treatment, but not before handing over the reigns of the business to his employee and friend, Chan Woon Chi, a local cement maker who took on the struggling enterprise and attempted to diversify, incorporating a tea garden and vegetarian restaurant. Sadly, he died two year's later on 22nd September 1996, aged 74 in London. His ashes were scattered outside his house near the plantation at his request and ownership fell to his wife, Patricia. She died in 2003 and the Lands Department then seized control of the estate in order to construct the 'Wisdom Path'. The ensuing legal dispute initiated by Bernacchi's stepson saw the government taken to court and eventually having to pay compensation in 2010.
Nearly forgot to post this last report from my Summer in Hong Kong. This follwos on from my report on the Ngong Ping Tea Plantation café. Across from the Tea Plantation café is a concrete building fastly being reclaimed by nature. This building was most probably the dorms for the workers who worked on the plantation. Although there isn't an awful lot left the decay makes this small block extremely photogenic and an enjoyable half-hour explore.
Interesting write-up but not a lot left. Nature is taking over.
Cheers Hugh. Shame such a great man's legacy has come to this. At least his former house is still in good condition and inhabited.