text:
Not about to be shoved back into a bottle anytime soon, and incapable of doing the same, or capable but with difficulty, are three entirely different things.
We know how to fix it. It's not even difficult. In fact it can even be done at a profit.
Will we do it? Unlikely. But the reason it is unlikely in my opinion, as Neoluddites are not willing to give up their billions in subsidies for types of agriculture that cause AGW any more than the fossil fuel companies are willing to give up their subsidies, has nothing to do with difficulty sequestering CO2.
Can we? Yes
Will we? Unlikely
Last edited by Red Baron Farms; 28th January 2018 at 06:36 PM.
11th February 2018, 02:15 PM #42
Trakar
El Niño/La Niña
Looks like we've still got La Nina conditions lingering, though that seems to be shifting/transitional right now, and is most likely to become ENSO - neutral by spring...:
EL NIÑO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO) DIAGNOSTIC DISCUSSION
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/product...ensodisc.shtml
Synopsis: A transition from La Niña to ENSO-neutral is most likely during the Northern Hemisphere spring (~55% chance of ENSO-neutral during the March-May season)...
La Niña is anticipated to continue affecting temperature and precipitation across the United States during the next few months (the 3-month seasonal temperature and precipitation outlooks will be updated on Thursday February 15th). The outlooks generally favor above-average temperatures and below-median precipitation across the southern tier of the United States, and below-average temperatures and above-median precipitation across the northern tier of the United States...
"By doubting we come to inquiry, and through inquiry we perceive truth." — Peter Abelard
"My civilization can do anything!" - David Brin (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i275AvgVvow)
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macdoc
Location: Planet earth on slow boil
I can attest to the latter First time in a decade I'm not Down Under
Mainstream climate science sources • http://www.skepticalscience.com/empi...al-warming.htm
• http://ossfoundation.us/projects/env...g/human-caused • http://arstechnica.com/science/2013/...e-responsible/
Travelphotos >https://500px.com/macdoc/galleries
Visit macdoc's homepage!
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Originally Posted by macdoc
I can understand that, I'm more in the N. Cal., S. Ore region, though I am contemplating a N. Wa move in the next decade, so the precip rates are more an issue, but it's helping (so far) more than hurting, with some bad luck, it could get less pleasant with a minor ripple of the jet stream (or wiggle of the climate "MoJO" - https://www.climate.gov/news-feature...why-do-we-care -).
Confirmation that sea level rise is accelerating.
Swinging jet stream is crazy as Arctic intrusions to the south alternate with too warm.
-15 last night, +5 today going to +10 next week. Very odd Feb....yet very warm again in the Arctic
Is warming in the Arctic behind this year's crazy winter weather?
Jan 11, 2018 - A very new and "hot topic" in climate change research is the notion that rapid warming and wholesale melting of the Arctic may be playing a role in causing persistent cold spells ... Weird and destructive weather was in the news almost constantly during 2017, and 2018 seems to be following the same script.
https://theconversation.com/is-warmi...-weather-89740
gets expensive this erratic weather
Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Overview
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/
Last edited by macdoc; 14th February 2018 at 04:17 PM.
1st March 2018, 04:43 AM #47
Soil cannot halt climate change
Long-term field experiments, dating back as far as 1843, demonstrate that modern carbon emissions cannot be locked in the ground to halt global warming
Rothamsted Research
Unique soils data from long-term experiments, stretching back to the middle of the nineteenth century, confirm the practical implausibility of burying carbon in the ground to halt climate change. The idea of using crops to collect more atmospheric carbon and locking it into soil's organic matter to offset fossil fuel emissions was launched at COP21, the 21st annual Conference of Parties to review the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in 2015.
Meanwhile back in the real world.
'Wacky' weather makes Arctic warmer than parts of Europe - Reuters
https://www.reuters.com/article/.../...than-parts-of-...
3 days ago - On the northern tip of Greenland, the Cape Morris Jesup meteorological site has had a record-smashing 61 hours of temperatures above freezing so far in 2018, linked to a rare retreat of sea ice in the Arctic winter darkness. "It's never been this extreme," said Ruth Mottram, a climate scientist at the Danish ...
interesting times...
Belz...
Fiend God
Location: In the details
Ok so let's plant 5-6 billion trees...
Master of the Shining Darkness
"My views are nonsense. So what?" - BobTheCoward
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pittance
3.04 trillion trees
The study found that there are around 3.04 trillion trees
and we are losing more than that
Around 15 billion are lost every year due to deforestation, forest management and changes in land use, the research published in the journal Nature found.
Last edited by macdoc; 1st March 2018 at 07:15 AM.
1st March 2018, 06:02 PM #50
Distracted1
Astounding.
The man with one watch knows what time it is, the man with two watches is never sure.
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11th March 2018, 01:40 PM #51
Impact on ocean nutrient flow ....better buy fishing rights near the Antarctic ....climate change is erecting a trade barrier...
FLOODING, HEAT WAVES, AND DESTABILIZED ECOSYSTEMS: HERE'S WHAT THE NEXT 100 YEARS OF CLIMATE CHANGE COULD BRING
A new study predicts a steep drop in fisheries' production. It's the latest in a growing body of research to show how changes to the Earth's ecosystems will cause disruption to its inhabitants.
https://psmag.com/environment/climate-change-timeline
The disappearance of sea ice disrupts the flow of nutrients to northern marine ecosystems, says study author J. Keith Moore, a professor of Earth system science at the University of California–Irvine and one of the developers of the Community Earth System Model that enables researchers to predict further into the future. As the ice melts, the production of phytoplankton, a microscopic plant-like organism at the bottom of the marine food chain, increases around Antarctica. However, as the ice melts, the phytoplankton absorb more sunlight and trap more nutrients in the Antarctic sea area. This causes significantly more nutrients to sink to the deep southern ocean instead of moving northward to other marine ecosystems. "In upper oceans, everywhere to the north, you start to see this steadily declining nutrient concentration," Moore says.
I wonder about the extent of the willingness of the international community to establish a shifting network of global, protected, international, aquaculture nurseries and a system of sustainable international harvest seasons/permits/policing. Regardless of whether or not they want to deal (seriously and appropriately) with the causes of climate change, they are going to have to adapt to the realities of climate change consequences.
31st July 2018, 08:03 AM #53
carlosy
Maybe the daily Trumputistan show is supressing the real desasters...
Global warming and it's desasters are happening, right now.
Many new record temperatures across the northern hemisphere.
Draught in europe and elsewhere.
German farmers expecting crop failure up to 70%, calling for compensations of one billion euros.
Extreme weather, including record temperatures and heatwaves, drought and disastrous precipitation, has marked the first half of summer in the northern hemisphere. This has had widespread impacts on human health, agriculture, ecosystems and infrastructure and led to devastating wildfires.
On June 28, Quriyat, just south of Muscat, on the coast of Oman, recorded a 24-hour minimum temperature of 42.6°C, meaning that the coolest overnight temperature did not drop below that level. Although highest "low" temperature is not currently monitored as a category in the WMO Weather and Climate Extremes Archive, it is believed to be the highest such temperature ever recorded by a thermometer.
https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news...r-high-impacts
42.6°C lowest at night, good lord.
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15th August 2018, 07:37 PM #54
Fudbucker
The hottest-ever record was set in 1913. Why hasn't a new record been set since then?
Last edited by Fudbucker; 15th August 2018 at 07:39 PM.
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Originally Posted by Fudbucker
Is that the irrelevant to global temperatures and climate Death Valley temperature? The hottest global temperature was 2016.
Just wait.
But those records are by definition anomalies anyway, a particular location on Earth at one time. In the Guinness World Records it's the "hottest recorded temperature on Earth".
Last edited by Venom; 15th August 2018 at 09:53 PM.
16th August 2018, 06:28 AM #57
Hottest ever record for what?
Probably a recording or instrument error. It is possible, but pretty unlikely to be true. The undisputed highest ever record temp was in 2013 in Death Valley.
However, what does this have to do with AGW? Which is an average increase in temps over the entire planet in a 30 year + period? One high temp for a couple hours, even if it was true on one tiny canyon in California, is a far cry from the whole world averaged over 30+ years!
I think what has happened is you were reading some merchants of doubt sponsored bull pucky designed to obfuscate the reality of AGW.
I don't doubt agw. Just was curious why record has lasted so long.
aleCcowaN
imperfecto del subjuntivo
Location: stranded at Buenos Aires, a city that, like NYC or Paris, has so little to offer...
AGW brings higher global average temperature but also higher variability. There are regions of the planet that aren't warming at an important rate. Also, the higher variability makes both high and low temperatures to reach extreme records. They key is that record-breaking highs fourfold record-breaking lows, as it is consistent with higher variability in a context of average temperature going higher and higher.
That said. There's the problem that so far this analysis doesn't take into account variations in the very same weather stations that give those old and new records. Bad placement, bad maintenance, etc can bring anomalous values. That is currently extremely rare in the First World, but not in 1913.
I don't have the faintest idea which old record are you talking about, but if it is an extremely high temperature in an extremely dry place like a desert then that temperature heavily depends on solar irradiation. And that hasn't basically change since 1913.
Horrible dipsomaniacs and other addicts, be gone and get treated, or covfefe your soul!These fora are full of scientists and specialists. Most of them turn back to pumpkins the second they log out.
I got tired of the actual schizophrenics that are taking hold part of the forum and decided to do something about it.
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Originally Posted by aleCcowaN
It's what pops up when you google "What's the hottest ever temperature?"
"134.1 °F
According to the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO), the highest temperature ever recorded was 56.7 °C (134.1 °F) on 10 July 1913 in Furnace Creek (Greenland Ranch), California, USA. According to the WMO this temperature may have been the result of "a sandstorm that occurred at the time."
I assumed that was correct. Your explanation makes sense. I wondered whether it was a freak weather phenomenon that caused the high temperature.
«On 13 September 1922, a high temperature of 58.0 °C (136.4 °F) was recorded in Al-ʿAzīzīyah. This was long considered the highest temperature ever measured on Earth.[2][3][4]
However, that reading was controversial:[5][6][7]
The weather station was first in 'Aziziya town, but, in 1919, it was moved to a hilltop fort, where the weather station was set up on black tarmac, which would have absorbed more sunlight and made the air there artificially hotter, explaining a period of very hot readings there from 1919 to 1928.
Shortly before the record reading on 13 September 1922, the weather station's usual maximum thermometer had been damaged and then replaced by an uncalibrated, ordinary maximum-minimum thermometer such as often used in greenhouses.
On 11 September 1922, the usual record keeper was replaced by an inexperienced observer, who was untrained in the use of the thermometer and the record log. This is known by the change in handwriting on the log sheets and by the high and low temperatures being recorded in the wrong columns. The thermometer used sliding colored cylinders to record maximum and minimum temperatures, and these cylinders were about 7 to 8 degrees Celsius long on the thermometer scale. The WMO now believes that the inexperienced observer was reading from the wrong end of the high-temperature cylinder inside the thermometer, getting a reading which was 7 to 8 degrees too high.
On 13 September 2012, the World Meteorological Organization announced that the WMO Commission of Climatology World Archive of Weather and Climate Extremes had found that the record was invalid. Its world record for hottest temperature is now 56.7 °C (134.1 °F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Greenland Ranch in Death Valley, California in the United States.[8]»
Location: Blasphemy St.
Quote from article: "In Broken Hill, 935km (580 miles) west of Sydney, groups of emus have been seen "running laps of the main street, eating gardens and gate crashing football matches", ABC News reports.
Ms Singleton, who works for the Rescue and Rehabilitation of Australian Native Animals, said: "We've had 14 on a sporting oval. They've been out there for weeks - the locals in that area are giving them food and water."
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-aus...239791?SThisFB
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Global warming can make extreme weather worse. Now scientists can say by how much.
Otto is one of the leading scientists in the rapidly evolving field of extreme events attribution. The discipline is being driven by an increasing focus among academics, by better data collection worldwide and by open-source computer models that allow researchers ready access to complex climate simulations, particularly of what Earth's temperatures likely would have looked like without the profusion of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases over the last century.
Many of the researchers in the field are determined to ensure that experts, not amateurs, drive the discussion of unusual weather. "If the answer is not given by scientists, it will be given by politicians or someone with an agenda," Otto said. "We want to make sure there is scientific evidence in this debate."
19th December 2018, 11:35 AM #65
No surprise to any of us that were paying attention 2 new papers confirm there was never any pause in global warming
Of note, one is co-authored by Mike Mann, who's been somewhat sensitive to criticism of several papers that seemed to accept the reality of such a pause.
19th December 2018, 12:28 PM #66
Some more discussion here, with links to both papers.
https://tamino.wordpress.com/2018/12...pretend-pause/
Mikemcc
Deleted - didn't read down as far as Lomiller's follow up. Tamino has been saying this all along.
Last edited by Mikemcc; 20th December 2018 at 04:57 AM.
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Greta Thunberg's challenge/message:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzeekxtyFOY
I expected that perhaps this would have appeared somewhere in these forums but that doesn't appear to be the case. Therefore, even though this discussion appears to have "died", I'm adding the link for those that might be interested and haven't yet seen it.
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End of Year, Greetings!
I hope a merry holiday season has been had by all!
A new year approaches, and I wish good tidings, health, and wealth for all!
Time is tight for the next week or so, but I look forward to catching up with myself and you all in a brighter, more hopeful new year.
7th January 2019, 12:37 AM #70
Yes was a wonderful Winter Solstice for all us pagans
This might have us all "looking for shelter on a cloudless day!"
Earth could warm by 14°C as growing emissions destroy crucial clouds - https://www.newscientist.com/article...rucial-clouds/
If we keep burning fossil fuels with reckless abandon, we could trigger a cloud feedback effect that will add 8°C on top of all the warming up to that point. That means the world could warm by more than 14°C above the pre-industrial level.
Needless to say, this would be cataclysmic. For instance, large parts of the tropics would become too hot for warm-blooded animals, including us, to survive.
The good news is that if countries step up their efforts to cut emissions we should avoid finding out if this idea is correct. "I don't think we will get anywhere close to it," says Tapio Schneider at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, who led the research...
New Scientist is too much like OMNI, a bit too sensationalist for my daily reading. but there is the NatGeo paper
"Possible climate transitions from breakup of stratocumulus decks under greenhouse warming"
Tapio Schneider, Colleen M. Kaul & Kyle G. Pressel
Nature Geoscience volume 12, pages164–168 (2019)
Stratocumulus clouds cover 20% of the low-latitude oceans and are especially prevalent in the subtropics. They cool the Earth by shading large portions of its surface from sunlight. However, as their dynamical scales are too small to be resolvable in global climate models, predictions of their response to greenhouse warming have remained uncertain. Here we report how stratocumulus decks respond to greenhouse warming in large-eddy simulations that explicitly resolve cloud dynamics in a representative subtropical region. In the simulations, stratocumulus decks become unstable and break up into scattered clouds when CO2 levels rise above 1,200 ppm. In addition to the warming from rising CO2 levels, this instability triggers a surface warming of about 8 K globally and 10 K in the subtropics. Once the stratocumulus decks have broken up, they only re-form once CO2 concentrations drop substantially below the level at which the instability first occurred. Climate transitions that arise from this instability may have contributed importantly to hothouse climates and abrupt climate changes in the geological past. Such transitions to a much warmer climate may also occur in the future if CO2 levels continue to rise.
Depending upon the circumstances 1200ppm, is not near comfortably high enough to avoid reaching within the next 100 years, particularly if we stick to an accelerating definition of BAU.
26th February 2019, 01:19 AM #72
Mr Clingford
Well, yesterday the UK had its first Winter temperature above 20 Celsius in several places.
God is my copilot.
But we crashed into a mountain and I had to eat him.
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(sorry to leave you hanging there!) it was fine for all the rural and provincial heathens hereabouts as well, even those of us who are at least nominally mainstream in our religious inclinations.
Originally Posted by Mr Clingford
We've officially ended the California drought with a fire-hosing set of successive storm events over the last couple of months (big rains a few months after big fires is not a good combination). These even managed to refill some reservoirs (too bad we don't have more of these set up to catch these types of events and use the water to help recharge the ground water systems). I'm hearing about signs that we are looking at another El Nino firing up this spring, The west Coast of the US seems to have a lot more stormy weather in the transitional period ahead of El Nino events, but I'm wondering how much of this is biased anecdotal perception.
Also the biggest swing in temperature each day for winter, the UK doesn't normally experience 20C temperature swings from between day and night. It's brought forward the blossom and the bulb flowering, which is probably not good either.
Arctic ocean likely to be free of summer sea ice by 2050.
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley....9/2018GL081393
Previous results suggested a date abound 2050 +/- 20 years. The new result finds that much of this variation is associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. A positive phase is associated with less artic sea ice, a negative phase is associated with more and we appear to be entering a positive phase which points to an ice free arctic prior to 2050.
We found that a natural cycle called the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation, or IPO for short, is particularly important. Arctic sea‐ice loss is faster when the IPO is moving from its cold to warm phase and slower when the IPO is moving from its warm to cold phase. This is because variations in the IPO cause changes in atmospheric wind patterns, which alter the amount of heat that is transported into the Arctic. Observations show that the IPO started to shift from its cold to warm phase in the past few years. If this shift continues, our results suggest that there is an increased chance of accelerated sea‐ice loss over the coming decades.
Originally Posted by Trakar
Earth could warm by 14°C
Now that starts being close to a runaway warming scenario.
2nd March 2019, 01:27 PM #78
Originally Posted by Belz...
Nah, not if you are talking Venus type runaway, but it will definitely pump things into and above PETM conditions. High enough and long enough to dramatically alter almost all of the planet's biomes, not to mention the plant and animal life that makes up these biomes. It will be too fast for flora and fauna to adapt or evolve to meet such challenges. The only biomes left largely unchanged will be some of the relatively isolated extreme environments. I keep hoping we aren't stupid enough to actually let things go that far,...and then I read the news.
I reckon if I look back a thread or two on this subject, I'd find a load of people telling me that CO2 emissions were flat or falling.
Subsequent to the GFC, that was true, but seeing it as a trend has proven spectacularly wrong.
Two years in a row, emissions have increased, with 2018 showing an increase very much in line with global GDP. https://www.theguardian.com/environm...emissions-rise
Given the continuing rise and Trump's anti-AGW policies being enacted, I reckon you can lock in about 3 degrees, never mind the 2 in the Paris Accord.
I think this fight is just about over - buy high ground, sit back and watch.
That imaginary "load of people" will tell you that globally CO2 emissions continued to increase with the main sources being the USA, China and India. The EU though has decreased CO2 emissions since 1990. This is well known.
Global Carbon Budget 2018
Note that CO2 emissions vary, e.g. due to economic forces, so looking at a couple of years is not useful. You need to look at periods that smooth out economic cycles. Picking out last 2 years ignores the plateau from 2014-16.
Last edited by Reality Check; 25th March 2019 at 06:20 PM.


Although i didn´t want to use any symbol, the four circles can be united to create a graphic pattern that could be used in stationary, business card, website.... Ill post it on the comment section.
I completely lost the i the first couple of times I looked at it. I thought it said DOGO, then I looked at the top of your brief to se diogo.
I agree, this logo is too hard to read.
The stained glass idea is potent, but having it on all character is a bit overkill in my opinion.
Keep things simple. Have just one character with that effect and make sure the work mark stays legible.


The owners of this home contacted Quality Roofing to come do a roof inspection on an insurance claim that had been denied for wind damage. The insurance company had concluded that there was not enough wind damage for a complete roof replacement. After the inspection from Quality Roofing, we found that there were multiple areas of shingles that had been damaged by the wind but were not easily noticeable because they had been blown up and they rested back down. When this happens the integrity of that shingle is compromised. The insurance company only accounted for the shingles that had blown entirely off of the roof.
The homeowners requested a second inspection from the insurance company. This time, their claim was accepted and they were able to purchase an entire new roof for their home. Quality Roofing replaced the roof and the homeowners now have a new roofing system backed by a 10 year workmanship warranty to go underneath their new solar panel system. This goes to show that Quality Roofing will do whatever it takes to make sure our customers are taken care of and provided a Quality service.


I'm just back from Shelter Valley Folk Festival. What a wonderful place to hear and share music! The after hours campfires are led by festival performers and open to all campers to join in and so many of the small stage performances get the audience involved.
One of the highlights of the festival was the Ukulele Master Class with James Hill. I have heard James perform (as well as his amazing partner, cellist and songwriter, Anne Janelle) but I have never heard him teach. When he started the session by naming the strings, I have to admit I was thinking less "master" class than beginner intro. However, James quickly built on the basics – inserting references to music theory for those that had that background – so that everyone was learning something, yet everyone was included. It reminded me of watching Shrek with my young kids: two levels of humour but we were all enjoying the same movie. Despite being a ukulele virtuoso, James' gift is in demystifying the music to make it accessible for everyone.
An interesting tidbit I took away from the workshop is how useful the uke can be when arranging music for 3 or 4 voices. I love harmony singing, and I play the uke, but I have never used it as an arrangement tool. I'm looking forward to trying it out.
In addition to all of us participating, Anne Janelle added her voice, cello and lovely presence to both the learning and performance parts of the workshop. James called on a brave volunteer from the audience to play the left hand (chords we had just learned) while James soloed further up the neck. The workshop was perfect blend of humour and insight; my only complaint is that it was too short. For those of us who want to hear more of James teaching he has a website called The Ukulele Way . Free membership includes 6 video ukulele lessons and access to an on-line ukulele-playing community. There is also a full membership for a fee that involves lots more.
As the summer draws to an end I hope you got outside and played some music. Although it is hard to see summer go with its campfires and festivals, many music events that take a break over the summer will be starting up again in September. See you there!
As if by magic, the rain stayed away for two days of music and merriment at Evergreen Ranch. Musicians from the surrounding communities (Guelph, Milton, Elora, Rockwood, Elmira) provided over 14 hours of entertainment in idyllic country surroundings. There was delicious food to be had and lots of friendly people to relax with. The cherry on top was the campfire that kept the music going into the night. If you didn't make it to Ark Fest, watch for Ark Coffee House events throughout the year (find them on FB). Thanks to the Loney family and all the volunteers who made it happen.


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text:
from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals

import sys
from builtins import open

from test_pants_plugin.subsystems.lifecycle_stubs import LifecycleStubs

from pants.base.exception_sink import ExceptionSink
from pants.base.exiter import Exiter
from pants.task.task import Task
from pants.util.memo import memoized_property

class MessagingExiter(Exiter):
  """An Exiter that prints a provided message to stderr."""

  def __init__(self, message):
    super(MessagingExiter, self).__init__()
    self._message = message

  def exit(self, *args, **kwargs):
    print(self._message, file=sys.stderr)
    super(MessagingExiter, self).exit(*args, **kwargs)

class LifecycleStubTask(Task):
  """A task which raises an Exception on execution which is used to test Pants shutdown behavior."""

  @classmethod
  def subsystem_dependencies(cls):
    return super(LifecycleStubTask, cls).subsystem_dependencies() + (LifecycleStubs.scoped(cls),)

  @memoized_property
  def _lifecycle_stubs(self):
    return LifecycleStubs.scoped_instance(self)

  def execute(self):
    exit_msg = self._lifecycle_stubs.add_exiter_message
    if exit_msg:
      new_exiter = MessagingExiter(exit_msg)
      ExceptionSink.reset_exiter(new_exiter)

    output_file = self._lifecycle_stubs.new_interactive_stream_output_file
    if output_file:
      file_stream = open(output_file, 'wb')
      ExceptionSink.reset_interactive_output_stream(file_stream, output_file)

    raise Exception('erroneous!')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


You are taken to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) where a registered nurse cares for you as the effects of anesthesia or sedation wear off.
Your nurse is at your bedside to help you. He or she will monitor you and treat pain or nausea, if present.
Understanding and remembering all the information you need to know after being discharged from a hospital after surgery, delivery or illness can be confusing. MyChart provides online access once you get home to view the reason for your hospital visit.
Arrange for a responsible adult to be present at the hospital during your surgery and to take you home if you are discharged on the same day as your surgery. You will not be allowed to drive yourself. If you have not made these arrangements prior to your arrival your surgical procedure may be cancelled. When you go home, a family member or friend should stay with you overnight.
You stay in the hospital until you are awake and pain and nausea is adequately controlled.
Your nurse goes over written home care instructions with you and the family member or friend who will be with you.
It's important to have someone available to stay with you or to check on you the first 24 hours after your surgery.
You remain in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) until you are ready to go to your room.
A staff member transports your belongings to your room.
Family and friends are welcome to visit you in your hospital room.
Your doctor writes orders for pain and nausea medication, which the nurses will administer.
Talk to your nurse if you are experiencing pain or nausea.
If you experience any problems, call your surgeon.


text:
Detail from Non-objective 1910, by Vassily Kandinsky (1866-1944). Krasnodar, Museo D'Arte A.W.Lunascharski Photo by DeAgostini/Getty Images
Must science be testable?
String wars among physicists have highlighted just how much science needs philosophy – and not just the amateur version
by Massimo Pigliucci + BIO
Massimo Pigliucci
is an author, blogger and podcaster, as well as the K D Irani Professor of Philosophy at the City College of New York. His academic work is in evolutionary biology, philosophy of science, the nature of pseudoscience, and practical philosophy. His books include How to Be a Stoic: Using Ancient Philosophy to Live a Modern Life (2017) and Nonsense on Stilts: How to Tell Science from Bunk (2nd ed, 2018). His most recent work is Think Like a Stoic: Ancient Wisdom for Today's World (2021).
Edited byNigel Warburton
3,500 words33 commentsSave
The general theory of relativity is sound science; 'theories' of psychoanalysis, as well as Marxist accounts of the unfolding of historical events, are pseudoscience. This was the conclusion reached a number of decades ago by Karl Popper, one of the most influential philosophers of science. Popper was interested in what he called the 'demarcation problem', or how to make sense of the difference between science and non-science, and in particular science and pseudoscience. He thought long and hard about it and proposed a simple criterion: falsifiability. For a notion to be considered scientific it would have to be shown that, at the least in principle, it could be demonstrated to be false, if it were, in fact false.
Popper was impressed by Einstein's theory because it had recently been spectacularly confirmed during the 1919 total eclipse of the Sun, so he proposed it as a paradigmatic example of good science. Here is how in Conjectures and Refutations (1963) he differentiated among Einstein on one side, and Freud, Adler and Marx on the other:
Einstein's theory of gravitation clearly satisfied the criterion of falsifiability. Even if our measuring instruments at the time did not allow us to pronounce on the results of the tests with complete assurance, there was clearly a possibility of refuting the theory.
The Marxist theory of history, in spite of the serious efforts of some of its founders and followers, ultimately adopted [a] soothsaying practice. In some of its earlier formulations … their predictions were testable, and in fact falsified. Yet instead of accepting the refutations the followers of Marx re-interpreted both the theory and the evidence in order to make them agree. In this way they rescued the theory from refutation … They thus gave a 'conventionalist twist' to the theory; and by this stratagem they destroyed its much advertised claim to scientific status.
The two psycho-analytic theories were in a different class. They were simply non-testable, irrefutable. There was no conceivable human behaviour which could contradict them … I personally do not doubt that much of what they say is of considerable importance, and may well play its part one day in a psychological science which is testable. But it does mean that those 'clinical observations' which analysts naively believe confirm their theory cannot do this any more than the daily confirmations which astrologers find in their practice.
As it turns out, Popper's high regard for the crucial experiment of 1919 may have been a bit optimistic: when we look at the historical details we discover that the earlier formulation of Einstein's theory actually contained a mathematical error that predicted twice as much bending of light by large gravitational masses like the Sun – the very thing that was tested during the eclipse. And if the theory had been tested in 1914 (as was originally planned), it would have been (apparently) falsified. Moreover, there were some significant errors in the 1919 observations, and one of the leading astronomers who conducted the test, Arthur Eddington, may actually have cherry picked his data to make them look like the cleanest possible confirmation of Einstein. Life, and science, are complicated.
This is all good and well, but why should something written near the beginning of last century by a philosopher – however prominent – be of interest today? Well, you might have heard of string theory. It's something that the fundamental physics community has been playing around with for a few decades now, in their pursuit of what Nobel physicist Steven Weinberg grandly called 'a theory of everything'. It isn't really a theory of everything, and in fact, technically, string theory isn't even a theory, not if by that name one means mature conceptual constructions, such as the theory of evolution, or that of continental drift. In fact, string theory is better described as a general framework – the most mathematically sophisticated one available at the moment – to resolve a fundamental problem in modern physics: general relativity and quantum mechanics are highly successful scientific theories, and yet, when they are applied to certain problems, like the physics of black holes, or that of the singularity that gave origin to the universe, they give us sharply contrasting predictions.
Physicists agree that this means that either theory, or both, are therefore wrong or incomplete. String theory is one attempt at reconciling the two by subsuming both into a broader theoretical framework. There is only one problem: while some in the fundamental physics community confidently argue that string theory is not only a very promising scientific theory, but pretty much 'the only game in town,' others scornfully respond that it isn't even science, since it doesn't make contact with the empirical evidence: vibrating superstrings, multiple, folded, dimensions of space-time and other features of the theory are impossible to test experimentally, and they are the mathematical equivalent of metaphysical speculation. And metaphysics isn't a complimentary word in the lingo of scientists. Surprisingly, the ongoing, increasingly public and acerbic diatribe often centres on the ideas of one Karl Popper. What, exactly, is going on?
I had a front row seat at one round of such, shall we say, frank discussions last year, when I was invited to Munich to participate in a workshop on the status of fundamental physics, and particularly on what some refer to as 'the string wars'. The organiser, Richard Dawid, of the University of Stockholm, is a philosopher of science with a strong background in theoretical physics. He is also a proponent of a highly speculative, if innovative, type of epistemology that supports the efforts of string theorists and aims at shielding them from the accusation of engaging in flights of mathematical fancy decoupled from any real science. My role there was to make sure that participants – an eclectic mix of scientists and philosophers, with a Nobel winner thrown in the mix – were clear on something I teach in my introductory course in philosophy of science: what exactly Popper said and why, since some of those physicists had hurled accusations at their critical colleagues, loudly advocating the ejection of the very idea of falsification from scientific practice.
In the months preceding the workshop, a number of high profile players in the field had been using all sorts of means – from manifesto-type articles in the prestigious Nature magazine to Twitter – to pursue a no-holds-barred public relations campaign to wrestle, or retain, control of the soul of contemporary fundamental physics. Let me give you a taste of the exchange, to set the mood: 'The fear is that it would become difficult to separate such 'science' from New Age thinking, or science fiction,' said George Ellis, chastising the pro-string party; to which Sabine Hossenfelder added: 'Post-empirical science is an oxymoron.' Peter Galison made crystal clear what the stakes are when he wrote: 'This is a debate about the nature of physical knowledge.' On the other side, however, cosmologist Sean Carroll tweeted: 'My real problem with the falsifiability police is: we don't get to demand ahead of time what kind of theory correctly describes the world,' adding '[Falsifiability is] just a simple motto that non-philosophically-trained scientists have latched onto.' Finally (but there is more, much more, out there), Leonard Susskind mockingly introduced the neologism 'Popperazzi' to label an extremely naive (in his view) way of thinking about how science works.
This surprisingly blunt – and very public – talk from prestigious academics is what happens when scientists help themselves to, or conversely categorically reject, philosophical notions that they plainly have not given sufficient thought to. In this case, it was Popper's philosophy of science and its application to the demarcation problem. What makes this particularly ironic for someone like me, who started his academic career as a scientist (evolutionary biology) and eventually moved to philosophy after a constructive midlife crisis, is that a good number of scientists nowadays – and especially physicists – don't seem to hold philosophy in particularly high regard. Just in the last few years Stephen Hawking has declared philosophy dead, Lawrence Krauss has quipped that philosophy reminds him of that old Woody Allen joke, 'those that can't do, teach, and those that can't teach, teach gym,' and science popularisers Neil deGrasse Tyson and Bill Nye have both wondered loudly why any young man would decide to 'waste' his time studying philosophy in college.
Loud debates on social media and in the popular science outlets define how much of the public perceives physics
This is a rather novel, and by no means universal, attitude among physicists. Compare the above contemptuousness with what Einstein himself wrote to his friend Robert Thorton in 1944 on the same subject: 'I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today – and even professional scientists – seem to me like somebody who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is – in my opinion – the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth.' By Einstein's standard then, there are a lot of artisans but comparatively few seekers of truth among contemporary physicists!
To put things in perspective, of course, Einstein's opinion of philosophy may not have been representative even then, and certainly modern string theorists are a small group within the physics community, and string theorists on Twitter are an ever smaller, possibly more voluble subset within that group. The philosophical noise they make is likely not representative of what physicists in general think and say, but it matters all the same precisely because they are so prominent; those loud debates on social media and in the popular science outlets define how much of the public perceives physics, and even how many physicists perceive the big issues of their field.
That said, the publicly visible portion of the physics community nowadays seems split between people who are openly dismissive of philosophy and those who think they got the pertinent philosophy right but their ideological opponents haven't. At stake isn't just the usually tiny academic pie, but public appreciation of and respect for both the humanities and the sciences, not to mention millions of dollars in research grants (for the physicists, not the philosophers). Time, therefore, to take a more serious look at the meaning of Popper's philosophy and why it is still very much relevant to science, when properly understood.
As we have seen, Popper's message is deceptively simple, and – when repackaged in a tweet – has in fact deceived many a smart commentator in underestimating the sophistication of the underlying philosophy. If one were to turn that philosophy into a bumper sticker slogan it would read something like: 'If it ain't falsifiable, it ain't science, stop wasting your time and money.'
But good philosophy doesn't lend itself to bumper sticker summaries, so one cannot stop there and pretend that there is nothing more to say. Popper himself changed his mind throughout his career about a number of issues related to falsification and demarcation, as any thoughtful thinker would do when exposed to criticisms and counterexamples from his colleagues. For instance, he initially rejected any role for verification in establishing scientific theories, thinking that it was far too easy to 'verify' a notion if one were actively looking for confirmatory evidence. Sure enough, modern psychologists have a name for this tendency, common to laypeople as well as scientists: confirmation bias.
Nonetheless, later on Popper conceded that verification – especially of very daring and novel predictions – is part of a sound scientific approach. After all, the reason Einstein became a scientific celebrity overnight after the 1919 total eclipse is precisely because astronomers had verified the predictions of his theory all over the planet and found them in satisfactory agreement with the empirical data. For Popper this did not mean that the theory of general relativity was 'true,' but only that it survived to fight another day. Indeed, nowadays we don't think the theory is true, because of the above mentioned conflicts, in certain domains, with quantum mechanics. But it has withstood a very good number of high stakes challenges over the intervening century, and its most recent confirmation came just a few months ago, with the first detection of gravitational waves.
Scientific hypotheses need to be tested repeatedly and under a variety of conditions before we can be reasonably confident of the results
Popper also changed his mind about the potential, at the least, for a viable Marxist theory of history (and about the status of the Darwinian theory of evolution, concerning which he was initially skeptical, thinking – erroneously – that the idea was based on a tautology). He conceded that even the best scientific theories are often somewhat shielded from falsification because of their connection to ancillary hypotheses and background assumptions. When one tests Einstein's theory using telescopes and photographic plates directed at the Sun, one is really simultaneously putting to the test the focal theory, plus the theory of optics that goes into designing the telescopes, plus the assumptions behind the mathematical calculations needed to analyse the data, plus a lot of other things that scientists simply take for granted and assume to be true in the background, while their attention is trained on the main theory. But if something goes wrong and there is a mismatch between the theory of interest and the pertinent observations, this isn't enough to immediately rule out the theory, since a failure in one of the ancillary assumptions might be to blame instead. That is why scientific hypotheses need to be tested repeatedly and under a variety of conditions before we can be reasonably confident of the results.
Popper's initial work pretty much single-handedly put the demarcation problem on the map, prompting philosophers to work on the development of a philosophically sound account of both what science is and is not. That lasted until 1983, when Larry Laudan published a highly influential paper entitled 'The demise of the demarcation problem,' in which he argued that demarcation projects were actually a waste of time for philosophers, since – among other reasons – it is unlikely to the highest degree that anyone will ever be able to come up with small sets of necessary and jointly sufficient conditions to define 'science,' 'pseudoscience' and the like. And without such sets, Laudan argued, the quest for any principled distinction between those activities is hopelessly Quixotic.
'Necessary and jointly sufficient' is logical-philosophical jargon, but it is important to see what Laudan meant. He thought that Popper and others had been trying to provide precise definitions of science and pseudoscience, similar to the definitions used in elementary geometry: a triangle, for instance, is whatever geometrical figure has the internal sum of its angles equal to 180 degrees. Having that property is both necessary (because without it the figure in question is not a triangle) and sufficient (because that's all we need to know in order to confirm that we are, indeed, dealing with a triangle). Laudan argued – correctly – that no such solution is ever going to be found to the demarcation problem, simply because concepts like 'science' and 'pseudoscience' are complex, multidimensional, and inherently fuzzy, not admitting of sharp boundaries. In a sense, physicists complaining about 'the Popperazzi' are making the same charge as Laudan: Popper's criterion of falsification appears to be far too blunt an instrument not only to discriminate between science and pseudoscience (which ought to be relatively easy), but a fortiori to separate sound from unsound science within an advanced field like theoretical physics.
Yet Popper wasn't quite as naive as Laudan, Carroll, Susskind, and others make him out to be. Nor is the demarcation problem quite as hopeless as all that. Which is why a number of authors – including myself and my longtime collaborator, Maarten Boudry – have more recently maintained that Laudan was too quick to dismiss the demarcation problem, and that perhaps Twitter isn't the best place for nuanced discussions in the philosophy of science.
The idea is that there are pathways forward in the study of demarcation that become available if one abandons the requirement for necessary and jointly sufficient conditions, which was never strictly enforced even by Popper. What, then, is the alternative? To treat science, pseudoscience, etc. as Wittgensteinian 'family resemblance' concepts instead. Ludwig Wittgenstein was another highly influential 20th century philosopher, who hailed, like Popper himself, from Vienna, though the two could not have been more different in terms of socio-economic background, temperament, and philosophical interests. (If you want to know just how different, check out the delightful Wittgenstein's Poker (2001) by journalists David Edmonds and John Eidinow.)
Wittgenstein never wrote about philosophy of science, let alone fundamental physics (or even Marxist theories of history). But he was very much interested in language, its logic, and its uses. He pointed out that there are many concepts that we seem to be able to use effectively, and that yet are not amenable to the sort of clear definition that Laudan was looking for. His favorite example was the deceptively simple concept of 'game.' If you try to arrive at a definition of games of the kind that works for triangles, your effort will be endlessly frustrated (try it out, it makes for a nice parlour, ahem, game). Wittgenstein wrote: 'How should we explain to someone what a game is? I imagine that we should describe games to him, and we might add: 'This and similar things are called games.' And do we know any more about it ourselves? Is it only other people whom we cannot tell exactly what a game is? […] But this is not ignorance. We do not know the boundaries because none have been drawn […] We can draw a boundary for a special purpose. Does it take that to make the concept usable? Not at all!'
The point is that in a lot of cases we don't discover pre-existing boundaries, as if games and scientific disciplines were Platonic ideal forms that existed in a timeless metaphysical dimension. We make up boundaries for specific purposes and then we test whether the boundaries are actually useful for whatever purposes we drew them. In the case of the distinction between science and pseudoscience, we think there are important differences, so we try to draw tentative borders in order to highlight them. Surely one would give up too much, as either a scientist or a philosopher, if one were to reject the strongly intuitive idea that there is something fundamentally different between, say, astrology and astronomy. The question is where, approximately, the difference lies.
Rather than laying into each other in the crude terms, scientists should work together not just to forge a better science, but to counter true pseudoscience
Similarly, many of the participants in the Munich workshop, and the 'string wars' more generally, did feel that there is an important distinction between fundamental physics as it is commonly conceived and what string theorists are proposing. Richard Dawid objects to the (admittedly easily derisible) term 'post-empirical science,' preferring instead 'non-empirical theory assessment', but whatever one calls it, he is aware that he and his fellow travellers are proposing a major departure from the way we have done science since the time of Galileo. True, the Italian physicist himself largely engaged in theoretical arguments and thought experiments (he likely never did drop balls from the leaning tower of Pisa), but his ideas were certainly falsifiable and have been, over and over, subjected to experimental tests (most spectacularly by David Scott on the Apollo 15 Moon landing).
The broader question then is: are we on the verge of developing a whole new science, or is this going to be regarded by future historians as a temporary stalling of scientific progress? Alternatively, is it possible that fundamental physics is reaching an end not because we've figured out everything we wanted to figure out, but because we have come to the limits of what our brains and technologies can possibly do? These are serious questions that ought to be of interest not just to scientists and philosophers, but to the public at large (the very same public that funds research in fundamental physics, among other things).
What is weird about the string wars and the concomitant use and misuse of philosophy of science is that both scientists and philosophers have bigger targets to jointly address for the sake of society, if only they could stop squabbling and focus on what their joint intellectual forces may accomplish. Rather than laying into each other in the crude terms sketched above, they should work together not just to forge a better science, but to counter true pseudoscience: homeopaths and psychics, just to mention a couple of obvious examples, keep making tons of money by fooling people, and damaging their physical and mental health. Those are worthy targets of critical analysis and discourse, and it is the moral responsibility of a public intellectual or academic – be they a scientist or a philosopher – to do their best to improve as much as possible the very same society that affords them the luxury of discussing esoteric points of epistemology or fundamental physics.
MetaphysicsQuantum theoryPhysics
The worldly turn
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Logic and probability
This paradoxical life
When logic fails to make sense of a world noisy with inconsistency, paraconsistent logics hold out (im)possible solutions
Zach Weber
The Waste Age
Recognising that waste is central, not peripheral, to everything we design, make and do is key to transforming the future
Justin McGuirk
The end of travel
Driven by the need for a storied life, I relished the opportunity for endless travel. Is that a moment in time, now over?
Henry Wismayer
Stoics as activists
You might think of it as a philosophy for turning away from the world, but ancient Stoics took a stand against tyranny
How to pray to a dead God
The modern world is disenchanted. God remains dead. But our need for transcendence lives on. How should we fulfil it?
Ed Simon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is in the Horse bc this month with a very curvy Mellisa Jo. Click on the Chenko Special sidebar for some of the build history. Go buy a mag to see the 8 pages of her and great detail shots of the bike.
Excellent Mini Man, I'll go and buy a copy, first time in like four or five years, Melissa Jo has certainly got it goin on too !!


text:
Joe Jung on My Custom Van
Joe Jung, artistic director of New York's Project: Theater, says bluntly, "Women are fascinated by men" by way of offering a reason for us to come see his adaptation of My Custom Van and 50 Other Mind-Blowing Essays That Will Blow Your Mind All Over Your Face, the 2008 book of dude-centric essays by comic actor Michael Ian Black (Stella, The State, Wet Hot American Summer). The show, currently running through April 24 at the Upper West Side's Drilling Company Theatre, digs down deep into the thirtysomething-guy mind, where '80s nostalgia mixes with latent fantasies about building robots and throwing the ultimate taco party. "Women see men acting like boys every day," Jung says. "I think [the play] is a very honest look at the strange world of modern men." Jung talked to ELLE.com about adapting Black's book for the stage and the modern-day-cool factor of Dungeons and Dragons.—Rachel Rosenblit
ELLE: Why did you decide to adapt My Custom Van?
Joe Jung: A friend came to my house to hang out and brought a copy of the book. We read it out loud and were just hysterically laughing. Afterward, we just looked at each other and were like, "Why don't we do this for a show?" I just turned 32. I got married last year. I work at Citigroup doing International Franchise Management. But at night, I get to dress up in a silk robe and hang out with my friends and do this show.
ELLE: How would you describe the 30-year-old man of today?
JJ: We're done with school and there are pressures—you're expected to buckle down and grow up. There are a lot of people who do that and are miserable and don't have an outlet. Look at the video game industry! Guys in their 30s are advancing to this weird level of sophistication in their video games and demanding that [the games] grow with them. It's still this idea that it's fun to shoot things and play football online and pretend that you're in a rock band. Some guys go back to the frat reunion and get stuck hanging out with a bunch of 18-year-olds, telling stories about how awesome the frat was. You still want to dwell on how awesome things were.
ELLE: There's a lot of rehashing the glory days in this show, and a ton of early '90s nostalgia. Did it feel personal for you, having been a teenager then?
JJ: Well, I was a big nerd and not very popular, and a lot of what you see in the show is my own neurosis about how I grew up. Our cast has a lot of talks about that—none of us were really that cool. I spent a lot of time in my basement, playing with Legos and Transformers and creating weird fantasy worlds. I'm in that weird stage of looking at everything through the filter of the early '90s. I'll listen to music and subconsciously—or partly consciously—think, Man, Pearl Jam's Ten is such a better album! We tried to find some of that childish nostalgia that all of us 30-year-old guys in the show have. In the '80s I was definitely not cool. I liked building robots out of Legos and reading Dungeons and Dragons books.
ELLE: But don't you think that stuff has become sort of subversively cool? Like part of a hipster subculture?
JJ: Yeah—it's very hip to do that now. There are coffee houses that have Dungeons and Dragons nights. People my age are like, Let's do this out in the open! Let's do this in the coffee shop! We're old enough and successful enough in our jobs to have the confidence to do that.
ELLE: You also have the confidence to rock a pretty ridiculous-looking fake mustache in the play. What did your wife say?
JJ: Oh, she's been laughing from the start. She asked me to put it on at home a couple times to remind her what I would look like if she'd let me grow a mustache.
ELLE: She won't?
JJ: Absolutely not. But I'll always have the fake.
For more information on My Custom Van, visit http://www.projecttheater.org/calendar.html
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Submit any and all of your masterpieces here because there is no limit to what you can post. (Except no MATURE content, please and thank you) So post all of your work here for people to see! Great things coming! Once the first ten members have joined, I'll start a contest! So stay alert and post away!
First Week of February Comes to a Finish!


I liked this until I realised how it was going to end and then I really didn't want to read the rest but did anyway. I might stick to Dickens' non-fiction from now on.
It's amazing how you «fall over» books now and again. In this case it turns out that my new GP's office have a shelf of books for sale – the proceeds going to Lions – which is where I found Monica Dickens' One Pair of Hands while waiting to have my plantar faciitis diagnosed. I read (or rather listened to – the local library has an audiobook) – Dickens' My Turn to Make the Tea way back when (must be getting on for ten years ago) and have only vague recollections of it, but I rather think I enjoyed it. I still think I must have, One Pair of Hands is certainly enjoyable. It's an engagingly written story chronicling Dickens' soujourn as a «general» – a combined cook/housekeeper/cleaning lady – the only job her education at various schools for young girls has (partly) qualified her for. It's an interesting peek at the upstairs/downstairs way of life – with some brilliantly drawn characters from both sides of the green baize door thrown in – from someone who isn't really «meant» to be there.


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If Maui has always been on your destination dream list, this is the time to visit. Airfares are low and, better still, you can bundle your airfare with a car rental and save big. On a recent www.priceline.com search, I found a $518 roundtrip airfare from Los Angeles to Kahalui for a Tuesday-Tuesday trip. Rent a car, too, and Priceline offers a bundled package that totals just $540. That's the per-person cost, mind you. So your total cost is $44 to rent a car for the week (the $22 add-on for the car times 2). With such an incredible price, there's no reason NOT to go!


text:
Q: How should I have figured out that I had failed to completely apply a function from this ghc error message? I got a error message from ghc that I didn't undesrtand, and reduced my code to:
import System.Process

main = do
  (_, out, _) <- readProcessWithExitCode "echo" ["foo"]
  putStr out

(I should have given an extra argument to readProcessWithExitCode). Compiling that broken program using runghc gives:
Test.hs:4:2:
    Couldn't match expected type `IO
                                    (GHC.IO.Exception.ExitCode, String, String)'
           against inferred type `(a, b, c)'
    In the pattern: (_, out, _)
    In a stmt of a 'do' expression:
        (_, out, _) <- readProcessWithExitCode "echo" ["foo"]
    In the expression:
        do { (_, out, _) <- readProcessWithExitCode "echo" ["foo"];
             putStr out }

How should I have figured out that I had failed to completely apply a function from this ghc error message?

A: If you specified a type signature main :: IO (), the error then becomes:
test.hs:5:18:
    Couldn't match expected type `IO t0'
                with actual type `String
                                  -> IO (GHC.IO.Exception.ExitCode, String, String)'
    In the return type of a call of `readProcessWithExitCode'
    In a stmt of a 'do' expression:
        (_, out, _) <- readProcessWithExitCode "echo" ["foo"]
    In the expression:
      do { (_, out, _) <- readProcessWithExitCode "echo" ["foo"];
           putStr out }

In which case the error is much more obvious.
My guess is that the error isn't as clear because whilst inferring the type, GHC thinks that you are in the function (i.e. (a->)) monad rather than IO, in which case you'd be applying the argument afterwards.
So don't be lazy, and include those type signatures! ;-)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A weaker manufacturing outlook and continued targeted measures by JTC Corporation to boost supply and cool speculation are likely to keep Singapore's industrial property market soft going into 2015 (see infographic). Certain types of properties, such as high-specification factories, business parks and warehouses, as well as niche developments such as food factories, will probably still see strong take-up and stable rents.
THE $18 million project to transform Yuhua in Jurong into Singapore's first "green" neighbourhood is well under way.
Among the initiatives rolled out thus far are a new bicycle parking system, a vertical green wall and LED lighting in carparks.
Under the Housing Board's Greenprint scheme announced in 2012, 38 blocks in the estate will be equipped with energy- and water-saving solutions.
So far, LED street lighting has been installed at all three open-air carparks and their driveways in the estate. It is estimated that this will reduce energy consumption by at least half.
New double-tiered bicycle racks have also been installed at the void decks of 28 blocks.
Known as a dual bicycle rack system, the frames allow for twice the number of bicycles to be parked in the same space.
Block 223 in Jurong East Street 21 has also received a green makeover - literally.
Its walls are now covered in plant creepers, which, besides enhancing the estate's greenery, are expected to reduce the building's surface temperature by up to 5 deg C.
Also afoot are works to install solar panels on the roofs of 29 blocks, as well as elevator energy-regeneration systems in 18 blocks.
The lift systems can shave off about 20 per cent in energy consumption, while the solar panels will be used to power common areas such as lifts, as well as corridor and staircase lighting.
Work has similarly begun on building a pneumatic waste conveyance system.
This automated method uses vacuum-type underground pipes to gather household refuse, hence reducing the manpower needed for waste collection.
These green initiatives, to be completed next year, are expected to save up to $144,000 annually, said the HDB.
Residents in Yuhua are getting on the green bandwagon with their own activities.
Through the HDB's Greenprint Fund, which supports the testing of green ideas, they have started three hobby farming zones, as well as two community "parklets" - landscaped corners at void decks where residents can rest and interact.
Research engineer Lin Min, 26, who lives in Block 231, said he feels lucky to live in Yuhua and likes the new bicycle racks.
"I grew up here and it's cool to see the estate having a fresher look, and with greener technology," he said.
"The novelty appeals to me, and it feels good to do something for the environment."
OUE Lippo, a subsidiary of mainboard-listed real estate owner, developer and operator OUE Limited, has entered into a conditional subscription agreement to subscribe for 2.9 billion new ordinary shares in Hong Kong-listed Gemdale Properties and Investment Corporation Limited (GPI) at an issue price of HK$0.52 per share, amounting to about HK$1.508 billion (S$256.4 million).
DTZ has appointed Lee Nai Jia as associate director and head of Singapore research. Dr Lee, who holds a PhD in urban and regional planning from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, joined the firm on Dec 18. Prior to that, he was an assistant professor at National University of Singapore's School of Design and Environment, Department of Real Estate.
A COMPANY linked to rubber industry veteran Oei Hong Bie has been quietly amassing a substantial stake in listed engineering firm UE E&C.
Analysts say this could be a bid by Mr Oei to thwart a private equity fund's plans to delist the company.
Singapore Tong Teik, which lists Mr Oei as one of its directors, has raised its stake in UE E&C from less than 5 per cent to more than 7 per cent over the past two months, according to Singapore Exchange (SGX) filings.
It crossed the 7 per cent threshold on Dec 9 and is expected to cross 8 per cent soon, following a flurry of purchases on the open market.
The company started to build its stake after private equity fund Southern Capital Group agreed in early October to buy a controlling stake in UE E&C from United Engineers.
United Engineers, one of the oldest companies in Singapore, is UE E&C's parent company. It agreed to sell its 68.2 per cent stake in UE E&C to Southern Capital for $1.25 per share, which works out to about $230.2 million. That deal values UE E&C at about $337.5 million, which some market watchers have said is relatively cheap considering the engineering firm's significant cash pile.
UE E&C had $164.2 million in cash and bank balances at the end of September this year, going by its most recent quarterly financial report. The company also had $129.2 million in trade receivables and other receivables, which are also considered liquid assets.
Analysts said last week that Singapore Tong Teik either wants to make Southern Capital raise its offer price for UE E&C or wants to prevent Southern Capital from delisting it.
If it achieves a large enough stake, Singapore Tong Teik will have the "veto power to prevent UE E&C from being privatised", remisier Charles Chua said.
For Southern Capital to successfully take UE E&C private, its delisting proposal must not have been voted against by shareholders holding 10 per cent or more of the firm's total issued shares, according to SGX listing rules.
However, Mr Chua added that even if Singapore Tong Teik's aim is to keep UE E&C listed, that may change if Southern Capital raises its offer. "What if the new offer is so good that it cannot be resisted, coming from an investment point of view?" he said.
However, even if Singapore Tong Teik can veto the delisting proposal, it could run into another problem, market watchers said.
The Singapore takeover code says that if the number of a firm's shares held in public hands falls below 10 per cent of the total issued shares, the bourse may suspend and later delist the company. Substantial shareholders, which are those holding more than a 5 per cent stake - such as Singapore Tong Teik - are not considered part of the public for the purposes of the free float.
Singapore Tong Teik declined to comment.
Southern Capital did not respond by press time.
UE E&C shares closed half a cent lower at $1.255 last Friday, slightly above Southern Capital's offer price.
Dubai Investments PJSC plans 10 billion dirhams ($2.7 billion) of real-estate projects in the next five years as it seeks to benefit from resurgent property demand.
Developments include Mirdif Hills, a 2.5 billion dirham project in Dubai that will include 1,500 homes, a 230-room hotel, shops and 200,000 square-feet of office space, Chief Executive Officer Khalid Bin Kalban said in an interview. The company's Dubai Investment Real Estate Co. unit will start tendering for the development in the next two months, he said.
Dubai Investments, whose largest shareholder is state-owned Investment Corporation of Dubai ICD, is seeking to profit from a market recovery in the emirate after one of the world's worst property crashes during the financial crisis in 2008. Local developers are reviving projects amid a surge in prices and new measures such as limiting mortgages and a doubling of transaction fees which have helped stabilize the market.
Still, the company may need bank or debt-market funding for a 7 billion-dirham project planned in Dubai Investment Park. The 13 million square-feet village with homes, shops, offices and hotels, may require the company to raise cash either through loans, Islamic bonds or by seeking investors to take a stake in the project, according to Bin Kalban.
Work started two weeks ago on a 800 million-dirham business park in Fujairah, another sheikhdom in the United Arab Emirates, Bin Kalban said. The park will include a 220-room hotel, 200,000 square feet of offices, 150,000 square feet of retail space and some apartments. It's set for completion within two and half years, he said.
Al Taif Investment, a 60 percent-owned unit of Dubai Investments and developer of the business park, secured a 300 million dirham loan from Al-Hilal Bank PJSC for the project.
Dubai Investments is also in talks with owners of several unfinished buildings within Dubai Investment Park to take over and complete the stalled construction, he said, without naming them.
Hong Kong's new home sales are expected to bring record proceeds this year as property developers actively sell new residential projects to raise cash for land.
Full-year new private residential sales in the city are estimated at HK$175 billion ($22 billion), the highest since 1996, when the data was first collected, Wong Leung-sing, an associate research director at Centaline Property Agency Ltd., said in an e-mailed statement on Dec. 27.
Sentiment has improved and buyers have returned to the market after Hong Kong's recent pro-democracy protests, Wong said. Developers are seeking to expand their landbanks as the city's government accelerates land sales to boost housing supply. The government stopped regular land auctions in 2004 amid the Asian financial crisis and the SARS epidemic, only resuming them in 2011.
Dragons Range, a new residential project in the Sha Tin district developed by companies including Kerry Properties Ltd. (683) and Sino Land Co. (83), has generated sales of HK$4.4 billion this month through Dec. 19, according to the statement. The Parkside, a project by Wheelock Properties Ltd., has recorded sales of more than HK$2.7 billion in the same period, the highest after Dragons Range.
New home sales in Hong Kong may reach a total of 16,500 units this year, the highest since 2007, Wong said in the statement. A total of 16,190 new home sales were registered this year through Dec. 19, 66 percent higher than the whole of 2013. They have brought in HK$174 billion this year through Dec. 19, 89 percent more than 2013, according to the statement.
Separately, the number of used home transactions may reach 42,500 with a total of HK$235 billion proceeds, according to the statement.


There are more drivers 70 and over today, but they crash less often than they used to.
Motor vehicle crashes account for less than 1 percent of fatalities among people 70 and older; heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. 2006. Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS). Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/. People ages 70 and older are less likely to be licensed to drive compared with younger people, and drivers 70 and older also drive fewer miles. However, older drivers are keeping their licenses longer and driving more miles than in the past.
Per mile traveled, fatal crash rates increase starting at age 75 and increase markedly after age 80. This is largely due to increased susceptibility to injury, particularly chest injuries, and medical complications among older drivers rather than an increased tendency to get into crashes. Li, G.; Braver, E.R.; and Chen, L.H. 2003.Fragility versus excessive crash involvement as determinants of high death rates per vehicle-mile of travel among older drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention 35:227-35. Fragility begins to increase at ages 60-64. At age 75, older drivers begin to be markedly overinvolved in crashes, but fragility is the predominant factor explaining the elevated deaths per mile traveled among older drivers. Li, G.; Braver, E.R.; and Chen, L.H. 2003.Fragility versus excessive crash involvement as determinants of high death rates per vehicle-mile of travel among older drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention 35:227-35.
A total of 3,981 people ages 70 and older died in motor vehicle crashes in 2009. This is 32 percent fewer than in 1997 when deaths peaked, but a 5 percent increase since 1975. Deaths of older people were 7 percent lower in 2009 than in 2008. The rate of fatalities per capita among older people has decreased 45 percent since 1975 and is now at its lowest level during this period.
Eighty percent of motor vehicle crash deaths in 2009 involving people 70 and older were passenger vehicle occupants, and 14 percent were pedestrians. Since 1997, deaths of older passenger vehicle occupants have declined 33 percent, while deaths of older pedestrians have declined 38 percent. Although few older adults are killed while riding motorcycles, this number has risen. Almost four times as many people 70 years and older were killed on motorcycles in 2009 than in 1997.
In 2009, 61 percent of the deaths in crashes involving drivers 70 and older were the older driver themselves, and 16 percent were their passengers. Twenty-two percent of deaths were occupants of other vehicles or motorcyclists, bicyclists, or pedestrians. In contrast, in crashes involving at least one driver younger than 30, 42 percent of the deaths were the drivers younger then 30, 24 percent were their passengers, and 34 percent were occupants of other vehicles or motorcyclists, bicyclists, or pedestrians.
Note: Crashes involving passenger vehicle drivers in more than 1 age category appear in more than 1 column.
In 2009 motor vehicle crash death rates per capita among males increased markedly starting at ages 75-79. The per capita crash death rate among females increased beginning at ages 65-60 but then declined among people 85 and older. Across all age groups males had substantially higher death rates than females.
Based on travel data collected between April 2001 and March 2002, the rate of passenger vehicle fatal crash involvements per 100 million miles traveled was higher for drivers 80 and older than for drivers of any other age group except teenagers. Drivers 85 and older had the highest rate of fatal crash involvement. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2010. [Unpublished analysis of data from the US Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the National Household Travel Survey]. Arlington, VA.
Among passenger vehicle drivers involved in fatal crashes in 2009, the proportion in multiple-vehicle crashes at intersections increased markedly starting at ages 70-74. Multiple-vehicle crashes at intersections accounted for 42 percent of fatal crash involvements among drivers 80 and older, compared to 20-22 percent for drivers younger than 50.
The rate of pedestrian deaths per 100,000 people in 2009 was high for people 75 and older. The rate was especially high among males ages 80-84 (4.0 deaths per 100,000 people) and males 85 and older (3.6 deaths per 100,000 people). For all age groups the rate of pedestrian deaths per capita was higher for males than females.
Five percent of fatally injured passenger vehicle drivers 70 years and older in 2009 had blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) at or above 0.08 percent, compared with 17 percent for drivers ages 60-69 and 43 percent for drivers ages 16 to 59.


The pump is the base and heart of your fountain so it needs to be chosen wisely. The larger the fountain, the bigger pump it will need to carry the water up, over, in and around your design.... B. Filter may not be properly installed in corner slots of filter reservoir. C. Make sure filter has been removed from poly bag. If the unit doesn't pump enough water: A. Make sure intake slots on pump and strainer are not clogged with food or debris.
FOUNTAIN: 1) Unplug fountain, remove cover and pull out filter. 2) Remove the reservoir (See Operating Instructions # 8) 3) Empty the water out of the fountain.... Petmate Replendish Charcoal Replacement Filters, 3-Pack. by Petmate. I have the 2.5 Gallon Petmate Replendish water bowl. Answer:. I boil mine every 2 weeks, and replace it every 6(ish) weeks.
Petmate Deluxe Fresh Flow Pet Fountain is a purifying fountain that prevents bad tastes and odors by filtering out impurities and aerates water while cooling it naturally. how to catch white bass in rivers It is important to replace the filters in you Fresh Flow Water Fountain, in doing so it will help to reduce bacteria in your pet's water and help to filter out contaminants. These filters are manufactured by Pet Mate for the Fresh Flow fountain.
Other Pages Related to Electric Cat Water Fountains: Cat Electric Water Fountain Reviews There are many different fountains on the market. Our performance reviews help you select the best fountain for your cat. Cleaning the Petmate Fresh Flow Fountain Improve performance with our detailed photos, troubleshooting and cleaning instructions. Replace the Petmate Fresh Flow Fountain's Filter Make how to change twitch naem 31/01/2018 · I do more or less the same thing as Indy's Mama... aqautic charcoal stones and aquatic filter sheets and I think I could replace both my cat mate fountain filters every month for a year (so 24 changes) for under a tenner. It's minimal effort to do to.
9/03/2017 · Color:Black. Petmate's Fresh Flow Deluxe Replacement Pump ensures pets can continue to enjoy the benefits Petmate's Fresh Flow Fountain. Compatible with both Petmate Fresh Flow and Petmate Deluxe Fresh Flow models, the water pump provides pets with a delicious source of water directly to their dog water dish.


There has been much sad news this week, so it is my hope that you will be offered a little mental vacation with today's link line up. Goodbye Sunday newspaper, hello link love!
I love the re-purposed glass bottles featured over at Someday Crafts...such delightfully inspiring projects and you can even add your own!
Make your own baby coffee table art gallery with Just Something I Made. I wish I had found this idea when the Muffin Tin Kids were babes. This would have been so fun!
Since Friday, we have already done this Alphabet and Numbers Clothespin Match Up Activity from Confessions of A Homeschooler twice (photo credit above)! It's brilliant and there's a free printable. This is a fantastic activity to have on hand over the summer for those parents of preschoolers and Kindergarteners who want their little ones to retain what they learned.
Love, love, love the clay marbles craft actvitiy from Pink and Green Mama... and I love her site-she always seems like she has so much fun not only crafting with her kids, but just being with them.
And just when I think I have seen it all, my heart skips a joyful beat when I see these adorable scooby doo peg dolls from fancie fannie's etsy shop. The shaggy doll even has a little chin scruff-so perfect!
whew....there's a lot of good stuff out there, happy clicking!
The steadfast love of the Lord never ceases, his mercies never come to an end; they are new every morning; great is thy faithfulness. "The Lord is my portion," says my soul, "therefore I will hope in him.
Thanks for the links. Going to check them out!!
Hi! Thanks for linking to my clothespin activity! Hope you guys had fun and thanks for all your Sunday Paper links!


text:
Ludwig (* 1992 als Ludovico Franchitti in Rom) ist ein italienischer Dance-Musiker.

Karriere
Ludwig begann in jungen Jahren, in verschiedenen Clubs seiner Heimatstadt als DJ aufzutreten. Ab 2018 stieg seine Bekanntheit in Italien, durch Auftritte bei Dance-Festivals und die Zusammenarbeit mit der populären Trap-Gruppe Dark Polo Gang. Fortan betätigte sich Ludwig vermehrt als Musikproduzent und veröffentlichte Lieder unter eigenem Namen, bei denen er auch den Gesang übernahm. Seine Debütsingle Un po' de que erschien im Dezember 2018.

Im Jahr 2019 produzierte Ludwig Musik für verschiedene Vertreter der italienischen Trap-Szene und veröffentlichte das Lied Domani ci passa sowie die EP Curioso. Ende des Jahres veröffentlichte er mit Dopo mezzanotte erstmals ein Lied bei einem Major-Label, Warner. Das Lied war in Zusammenarbeit mit Dj Matrix entstanden, mit dem er kurz darauf auch das Lied Courmayeur aufnahm. Es folgten Tourneen und weitere Veröffentlichungen, mehrfach zusammen mit Dj Matrix.

Diskografie

Alben

EPs
 Curioso (2019)

Singles (Auswahl)

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website
 Ludwig bei Rockol.it

Belege

DJ
Musikproduzent
Popsänger
Italiener
Geboren 1992
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
"Two Guys Who Are Brain Surgeons" Use Volume to Slash Prices
February 1, 2019 February 1, 2019 Con Chapman
PISCATAWAY, New Jersey. When Len Ullman's mother needed brain surgery, he says the hardest part wasn't dealing with the fear that the operation wouldn't be a success, "it was the bill I was stuck with afterwards."
The total came to over $200,000, not including itemized "extras" such as hospital "johnnies," diagnostic tests and meals, "which were terrible," he adds sheepishly. "I ate some of mom's leftovers."
"I'm sorry, this coupon has expired."
The shock of that experience led Len, an accountant, and his pal Marlon Mergen, a real estate developer, to take an accelerated course of studies at a medical school located in Grenada, the Caribbean island that the U.S. invaded in 1983.
Unaccredited Grenadian medical school
"There's got to be a way to make money in this business," says Mergen, who lost a number of commercial properties to foreclosure in last decade's economic downturn. "They say you don't want to hire a surgeon who only does one brain operation a year. Well, duh–you'd get more volume if you'd lower your prices."
So the two formed "Two Guys Who Are Brainsurgeons," modeled after the popular "Two Guys" discount department stores that were a fixture of New Jersey retailing during the 1970's, and after six months in operation at three locations and over 850 procedures on two sides of the brain, they believe their business plan has been borne out, although they are exhausted by the calculations.
Assembly-line production
"A lot of your fussy surgeons are hung up on academic qualifications and cleanliness," says Ullman. "You can re-use those latex gloves, and we don't put the scalpels in the dishwasher until the end of the day, when we can run a full load."
That sort of gimlet eye on overhead has allowed the two guys to bring the cost of removing a brain tumor down to $199.99, and there are discounts available for weekend operations, when most prospective patients would rather be dulling their consciousness with alcohol.
"A lot of people laughed at Henry Ford when he built an assembly line, but everybody's driving a car these days, right?" Mergen laughs as he runs a credit card through the practice's "point of sale" terminal located near the drive-by pickup window.
"Hold on, I want to use that skull saw again."
And how about patients–are they satisfied with the results?
"The service was good–really quick," says Stan Wyzirmonski, a retired actuary who is being wheeled out to his wife's waiting mini-van for some well-deserved rest and recuperation. "And you can't price the beat. It . . . uh . . . much hospital less than the checked I cost."
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One thought on ""Two Guys Who Are Brain Surgeons" Use Volume to Slash Prices"
missnackawic says:
Funny–love the ending!


Constructs a performance statistics instance. This is performed internally by the WorldWindow. Applications do not construct instances of this class.
The average frame rate over the most recent two seconds.
The number of milliseconds required to render the most recent frame.
The average frame time over the most recent two seconds.
The maximum frame time over the most recent two seconds.
The minimum frame time over the most recent two seconds.
The number of image tiles in the most recent frame.
The number of milliseconds spent rendering the active layers during the most recent frame.
The number of milliseconds spent rendering ordered renderables during the most recent frame.
The number of terrain tile renderings. Since terrain tiles are generally rendered more than once per frame, this count will be greater than the number of terrain tiles created for the frame.
The number of terrain tiles in the most recent frame.
The number of milliseconds spent tessellating the terrain during the most recent frame.
The number of texture bind calls during the most recent frame.
The number of calls to Tile.update() during the most recent frame.
The number of WebGL VBO loads during the most recent frame.
Initializes this frame statistics with initial values.
Computes the statistics for the most recent frame.
Increments the image tile count.
tileCount Number The amount to increment the counter.
Increments the rendered tile count.
Increments the texture load count.
count Number The amount to increment the counter.
Increments the tile update count.
Increments the VBO load count.
Sets the terrain tile count.
tileCount Number The amount to set the counter to.


Lilu on Highcross Street has revealed that it will be introducing a new a la carte menu next month.
The fine dining Indian restaurant was previously one of the only Indian restaurants in the Midlands to run on a solely set menu basis.
The Highcross Street restaurant will now feature an a la carte menu to offer diners more flexibility with their dining options.
Launching on 1 November, the new menu will also feature brand new dishes including a wider range of vegetarian options and vegetable side dishes.
Meat dishes will come in the form of chicken lamb, and game – including locally shot duck.
Dishes will include a pulled chicken tikka salad, and minced lamb kebabs with colourful peppers.
Pratik Master, Director of Lilu, said that the colourful new menu is inspired by his late mum's cooking.
Pratik said: "We want our guests to know that our food has a history – we've added more dishes that reflect our past, so we can take people on that journey a bit more.
One particular dish of his mums that inspired Pratik is the Cabbage Kachumber – a raw cabbage salad dressed with mustard seeds, lemon and cumin.
The new menu will be available at Lilu from 6pm on Wednesday 1 November.
Customers are advised to book a table in advance for the opening night due to the size of the restaurant.
Bookings can be made by calling 01162623119, or emailing reservations@lilurestaurant.co.uk.


"Moonbeam?!" the DNB shouts when he finally realizes what I'm saying. "That is the DUMBEST NAME I HAVE EVER HEARD."
"Just try saying it," I explain. "It really just flows."
"Come here, MOON. BEAM." He calls sarcastically. "Nope, still dumb."


Brand Recruitment have partnered exclusively with a market-leading, global consumer business to recruit for their new Senior Category Analyst!
Our award-winning client is searching for an experienced Senior Category Analyst to join their busy Hertfordshire team. With at least 5 years' category experience under your belt, you will have a strong commercial mindset and a head for figures, as well as a creative flair to help you create customer-led marketing strategies to drive the business forward. A confident presenter and public speaker, you will be at home pitching to key retailers and be comfortable liaising with stakeholders at all levels. Using your exceptional communication skills, you will be skilled at presenting complex data simply and concisely and be persuasive when pitching marketing strategies drawn from data analysis and customer insights.
As Senior Category Analyst, a large portion of your role will focus on the management of key data, analysing sales figures and forecasts to determine marketing strategies moving forward, using key insights gained from consumers to evolve the strategy in line with demand. You will have the confidence and experience to get stuck into this exciting and hands-on role, presenting your findings not only to stakeholders within the business but also to key retailers and buyers. To ensure you have the most up to date and accurate information at your fingertips, you will commission market and consumer research projects, to help you gain insight into key market trends and consumer behaviour, combining your findings with sales data to shape the retail marketing strategy for the business. Your role will see you be responsible for driving the category within key retailers and ensuring these retailers support the business objectives.
This is a fantastic opportunity for an experienced, passionate and driven Category Analyst who is confident and articulate when presenting to key retailers and stakeholders. With an analytical focus and customer-first mindset, you will have proven experience successfully driving category sales for a consumer business.
Due to the location of this Hertfordshire office, this role could be of interest to those living in St Albans, Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted, Welwyn Garden City, Enfield, London, Hatfield, Watford, Cambridge, Cambourne, Borehamwood, Cheshunt, Stevenage, Luton, Bishop's Stortford and Harlow.


text:
Q: Export DynamoDB table to S3 with client side encryption I'm trying to use Data Pipeline to export data to s3 from Dynamo. However, I can't figure out how to apply client side encryption before the file is written to s3. Is there a way to do this with Data Pipeline? I am able to set up everything except the client side encryption with Data Pipeline. The ideal flow is a dynamo source node, an activity to encrypt, and a S3 destination node.
I also tried Elastic MapReduce, but I don't see how to write a mapper and a reducer since I'm not transforming any data - I just need to move it to an encrypted file on s3. I should be able to use EMR with a hive program, but I am struggling to understand how to use EMR without writing custom map/reduce code. Ideally, no code is stored in S3.
Server side encryption isn't an option and the data needs to be encrypted before being written to s3.
I am looking for some ideas on how to do this or someone who had a similar challenge.

A: The current Data Pipelines solution doesn't currently support hooks for custom pre or post-processing.
How large is your table? How long is acceptable for the export process to complete?
It should be possible to do this with DynamoDB parallel scan: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/QueryAndScan.html#QueryAndScanParallelScan
Essentially you would write a program to use multiple threads to process the scan segments for the parallel scan, perform the encryption, and store the encrypted items in S3. Each DynamoDB scan page should return ~1MB of data, so you could aggregate multiple pages before publishing to S3.
To restore the data, you would load the S3 files, decrypt, and then write back to DynamoDB.

A: If this is acceptable for your use case, you can do client-side encryption before writing your data in DynamoDB. You could then use Data Pipelines to export your encrypted data to S3.
I have a similar setup for my application using a client-side encryption library provided by aws-labs. We export the tables daily to keep backups. Restoring the data works as long as the encryption metadata is exported with it.


text:
NBA 2K22 - PlayStation 5
by2K GAMES
21 global ratings | 4 global reviews
2.0 out of 5 stars Game is ok, but no crossplay between PS4 and PS5 versions
Reviewed in Australia on 22 September 2021
The game is fine, but be aware you can't play online with those who have the PS4 version and you can't download the PS4 version with the PS5 disk so if you want to play with PS4 players you have to buy the whole game again. My son bought this specifically to play with friends on PS4 so it has been a source of frustration.
5.0 out of 5 stars basketball fun has to buy every year
Ps5 nba 2k22 game is a like a different game than ps4. career ration build, town center, graphic, game loading speed…
1.0 out of 5 stars Game is good but price dropped on the next day
Reviewed in Australia on 23 November 2021
Game is good but price dropped on the next day.
5.0 out of 5 stars great game
Reviewed in Australia on 8 January 2022
order arrived as advertised
‹ See all details for NBA 2K22 - PlayStation 5


text:
Q: How can I upload local changed files to an FTP server? I use a PHP IDE that has no built-in ability to upload a project to a site.
So, I'm looking for common easy to use tool for Linux that would able to upload modified documents to the server instead of uploading of the whole site.
I also  accept shell scripts that would be able to do this.

A: Install lftp if you don't have it yet. Then create a bash script containing the following:
#!/bin/bash
TARGET='/remote/folder'
SOURCE='/your/local/folder'
lftp -f "
open <hostname>
user <username> <password>
lcd $SOURCE
mirror --reverse --delete --verbose $SOURCE $TARGET
bye
"

Replace <hostname>, <username> and <password> with your actual data.
This will effectively sync your local files to the remote folder, deleting everything that doesn't exist locally anymore (this is the delete option). --reverse specifies that you want to actually update your remote folder instead of your local one.
Have a look at lftp's man page for more details. And always have a backup ready so you don't delete anything in case a command goes wrong.
This is adapted from this script here.