When lecturing about sports supplements over the years, I have always included the warning, "Buyer Beware" for all who purchase or discuss over-the-counter supplements. Supplements, which are a multi-billion dollar industry, do not undergo the same strict safety and effectiveness evaluations as used with prescription drugs. In 1994, the Dietary Supplement Health an Education Act (DSHEA) was established but unfortunately with different regulations and lack of strict oversight as seen with prescription drugs. Unlike prescription drugs, dietary supplements are considered safe until proven unsafe. The lack of significant regulation and the large number of products are major challenges to assuring safety in the supplement world. As an example, in 1994 there were about 600 US supplement manufacturers with 4000 products. By 2000, there were more than 29,000 supplement products on the US market with few documented reference materials for these products and there are now over 85,000 supplement products on the US market. To add to this challenge of regulation and safety, there is no global consensus on how dietary supplements, natural health products and food supplements from other countries are even defined.
A recent study by Tucker et al in JAMA, illustrates the difficulties in regulation and potential harm of dietary supplements. The study was an analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration warnings from 2007 to 2016, which showed that unapproved pharmaceutical ingredients were identified in almost 800 dietary supplements. The most common adulterants were sildenafil for libido products, sibutramine in weight loss supplements and synthetic steroids or steroid-like ingredients found in muscle building supplements. Twenty percent of the products identified contained more than one unapproved ingredient.
Over half of all adults in the United States report taking dietary supplements. Those adults and medical providers should be aware of the possible contamination risk and lack of quality seen in the supplement world. As medical providers, it is important to educate ourselves and our patients on this topic. Remember, "Buyer Beware"!
Dwyer, JT, et al. Dietary Supplements: Regulatory Challenges and Research Resources. Nutrients, 2018.
Tucker J, et al. Unapproved Pharmaceutical Ingredients Included in Dietary Supplements Associated With US Food and Drug Administration Warnings, JAMA Network Open, 2018.


You love your art, and what it has done for your life. Wouldn't it be great if you could make a great living teaching BJJ, TaeKwonDo, or whatever style it is that you love? The good news is that you can, and there are more ways to do so than ever before.
Are You a Professional Martial Arts Teacher?
There is not just one way to be a professional martial arts instructor. But wait, what does it even mean to be a professional martial arts teacher? First, you need to hold at least a black belt rank. Second, you need to be a trained and qualified instructor, by way of completing a teacher training program (such as the Certified Martial Arts Teacher™), to effectively spread your art and make an impact.
Most people think the only way to make a living is to open up your own school. Find a location, sign a multi-year lease, get a loan, buy mats, equipment, and open for business. That is simply one option (the most expensive and most grandiose), but by no means the only option that will lead to your success as a teacher (financially and in terms of student-impact).
Perhaps you already attend a local school, and would enjoy becoming a paid instructor at the academy. Of course you will need to express your desire to not only teach, but that you are interested in becoming a career instructor, to your head instructor/owner of the school. What if there are not any positions available at the moment? Consider pitching a new class idea to your instructor/school owner. Such as a 3-4 year old class, a new fitness program, or a weapons program. Some way that will allow you to teach, and add students/revenue to the school at the same time, with no risk for the owner. This will give you an opportunity to get your feet wet making class plans, teaching, building relationships, and learning what it means to be a successful teacher.
Instead of getting in debt and signing an expensive lease, if you are wanting to teach part-time, consider starting a small club at a location that has very low cost or free rent. You might be able to revenue share with a local gymnastics or dance academy, at a local community center, or fitness facility. This will give you the opportunity to operate your own school, without the extra financial pressure and long-term commitment to a certain facility. Once you outgrow the location, you could then more easily sign a lease and launch a full-time school.
Many small business owners now operate from their home. Why pay rent and numerous other expenses when you already have to do all of that at your house? Some martial artists are even building a separate structure on their residential property as a training facility. You will need to check the local rules and regulations before you ever open a business at your residential address. For many (especially in rural areas), this is a viable, low-cost option, that can work out very well.
You read that right. There are a growing number of online martial arts schools that teach students from every country on the planet. You could launch your own course, or become an instructor for an existing course. Your responsibilities could include: planning classes, filming classes, grading video exams, doing video-conference private lessons, teaching live streaming video classes, interacting with students, and managing your online course content. This is a unique way to be able to teach and help your students, from wherever you are in the world (you are not attached to a physical location).
An often overlooked option is purely teaching private lessons in your home or in your student's home. You can charge much more per lesson, while having your student buy a private lesson package in advance. You can completely customize a student's training plan to their needs, and their schedule. Some instructors make more money only teaching private lessons (due to having close to $0 in overhead expenses), and have more time to spend with their family.
Who says that you must have your own dojo? Another great career opportunity is setting up a recurring class visit at local daycares, private schools, and even public schools. You will have a set number of students to teach week-after-week, for the entire school year – not a bad gig at all! The class can be hosted within a specially designed trailer that you bring to each school (a higher investment), or simply by bringing some gear into a classroom or gym.
The traditional route – open your own school. Find a location with great drive-by traffic, in a growing neighborhood for your target student-base. Are you going to focus on teaching kids? Are you going to focus on fitness and self defense for adults? Start as a specialist, to get your foothold in the community, and to become know as the "best place for _____" in town. Use some money that you have saved up to get the essentials: nice and safe mats, training equipment, a clean and modern facility, and good signage. Start small and add as you go, rather than getting into a large amount of debt just to have everything that you dreamed of on your day one opening.
Whichever way you choose to go – go. Don't stall waiting for the perfect location to open up. Don't wait for the investor to help you open up a mega school with sparkling new mats. Don't wait for the daycare to call you back. Choose yourself. If you are passionate about teaching, are well trained and educated (very important, if you actually want to succeed long-term), then begin with one student. Begin with one class. Let it spread, sure pour some gas on the fire from time to time, but if you are doing what you love, and using great teaching principles, soon you'll have more students than you can handle.
What are the Requirements to Becoming a Martial Arts Instructor?


text:
JOHNNY DEPP IS TONTO IN DISNEY'S [THE LONE RANGER]
Back in September director Gore Verbinski was in talks to direct a new version of the The Lone Ranger for producer Jerry Bruckheimer, with Johnny Depp in the cast. Today its official: Disney is moving forward on Verbinski's version of The Lone Ranger. Nothing official yet on who'll play the Ranger, but Depp is set to play Tonto, the native warrior who finds the wounded ranger and keeps him alive. Justin Haythe wrote the script,and what we do know now is that the title character is one of several Texas Rangers chasing the outlaw Butch Cavendish and his men. The rangers are ambushed and most are killed, but Tonto finds and rescues the man who will become the masked avenger The Lone Ranger.
Adapted from the 1930's radio show, which later became a popular live-action television show in the 1950's. The Lone Ranger is a masked Texas Ranger in the American Old West, who gallops about righting injustices, usually with the aid of a clever and laconic American Indian sidekick called Tonto, and his horse Silver. He would famously say "Hi-yo Silver, away!" to get the horse to gallop.
The project was initially announced in 2007 with Pirates of the Caribbean/Shrek screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio penning the script. A year later, in 2008, it was revealed that Depp had been cast as Tonto, and George Clooney rumored to be in talks to play the title character. Hollywood has tried to remake the Lone Ranger twice now, a 1981 film titled The Legend of the Lone Ranger and a 2003 WB television movie/pilot, both of which were not well received.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Snack Program
Parent Council Meeting Minutes
School Council Elections 2019-20
Tuesday September 17, 2019 at 6:30p.m. at William Burgess Library
School Councils are a great way for parents/guardians to become engaged in the school. The purpose of the Council is to advise the Principal and "to improve student achievement and enhance the accountability of the education system to parents (Reg.612/2.1) through active parent engagement.
Election of Council Parent/Guardian Representatives
There are vacant positions for parent/guardian representatives on council that sit for a term of one year.
All parent/guardians with children in our school are eligible to be elected for the school council.
A person is not qualified to be a parent member of council if he or she is employed at the school or is employed elsewhere by the Board, unless they declare that they are employed by the school board
Nomination forms are due in the main school office, no later than 9:00 a.m. on Monday September 16, 2019.
Elections Evening
Only parents/guardians of currently registered children attending William Burgess Public School can participate in the voting process
The elections shall be by secret ballot at 6:30 p.m. on Tuesday September 17, 2019 at William Burgess Public School Library
For further information, please contact the school or school council at: 416-396-2490
2019/2020 William Burgess Parent Council
Thinking of participating in our School Council this year or Nominating someone for a position?
Please download and submit the following form back to the office no later than 9am on Monday September 16th, 2019.
Want to understand what you may be signing up for? Please review the following document outlining the responsibilities of Parent Council members.
Parent Council Executive Duties
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© 2021 William Burgess Parent Council.


La Cuisson, literally means "The cooking" in French, is the name that the founder and owner, Jason Hsu, has given to this unique coffee boutique. According to Jason, it's all about the making of coffee, food, and dessert that goes well with coffee. In other words, everything is handmade at the Richmond workshop – be it coffee, salad, sandwich, cheesecake, or macaroon. As for its Chinese name, "老桂松", not only does the sound resemble its French name, it has an even deeper meaning when we look at it word by word. "老" literally means "old", as the history of coffee goes at least as far back as the 10th century. "桂" refers to Osmanthus, a type of flower that is well known for its fragrance, and is commonly used to make dessert and tea. Finally, "松" refers to "pine", and we all know that pine tree is well known for its natural Christmas tree fragrance, and fragrance is one of the essences in coffee – examples of fragrance in coffee are floral, cocoa, herbal, and wood. Furthermore, most types of pine trees have a life span of 100 to 200 years, and some species can live for thousands of years. The longevity of pine tree symbolizes the strength and growth of La Cuisson Café.
When it comes to the making of coffee, there is really no right or wrong, and it all comes down to your personal taste and preference. La Cuisson strives for perfection, and believes in 3 elements in order to achieve perfection: 1. Superior green coffee beans 2. Precise roasting 3. Skilled brewing technique.
If you are a coffee maniac, La Cuisson Café is the ultimate place to go. Not only do they offer sophisticated coffee, superior coffee beans, mouth-watering food and dessert, various coffee making gadgets, they also focus on the importance of education, and hold classes about the art of coffee and coffee making at the Richmond workshop. If you're just beginning to like coffee, don't be overwhelmed by the siphon coffee making process that Jason strongly recommends, you can start with their ready-to-serve packets, and immediately enjoy a great cup of coffee!


Beau Technique specialist car detailing & valeting | Midlands | Nationally.
Thanks for viewing yet another car detailing adventure with Beau Technique in Derbyshire.
A client from end of 2011 with which we detailed his Ferrari 599 GTB made contact early this year with regards to a newly acquired Bentley GTC in midnight blue with magnolia leather trim. The vehicle had an apparent hint of cigar smoke odour within the interior which was something to be tended to along with minimising visibility of swirl markings in the paintwork. 2 days were set aside for some much needed detailing tlc. Our enhancement detail with interior valet and odour removal plus soft top cleaning and protection.
Vehicle had been used and enjoyed since acquirement and of course, with the roads due to the bad weather we have had recently, understandable levels of soiling.
Roof was lightly dampened with water ready for Renovo soft top cleaner.
After around 15 minutes this was agitated with a medium stiffness brush to ensure grime is loosened yet roof fabric is not tarnished.
Rinsed throughly then on with the wash regime.
All lower sections, engine bay, arches, tyres, wheels and doorshuts pre soaked with Bilthamber surfex HD.
Engine compartment, wheels tyres etc agitated with various brushes.
Arches cleaned thoroughly with mid stiffness brush as to ensure grime is loosened and removed rather than moved about.
Washed using 2 bucket method with Carbon Collective wooly wash mitt and CarChem luxury shampoo.
Iron X applied, left for a couple of minutes then wiped over with microfibre towel to ensure product is fully active and giving best productivity of itself.
CarChem tar and glue remover applied to soften and remove tar deposits on wheels and paintwork.
Clayed using I4Detailing claybar and Valetpro citrus bling cut 50ml to 500ml which is a staple clay lube plus seem's to aid in decontaminating somewhat better due to its citrus content.
Final thorough rinse then dried using Bears Wax Factory super soft and plush microfibre towels plus excess water blown out of panel gaps with blow tool via compressor.
Wheeled into the quite spacious garage and inspected for paint thickness and defect levels under lighting. Paint thickness was a little scatty and a couple of suspect areas where paintwork had been carried out so caution adhered to upon these said areas.
Interior was tended to with a thorough vacuum.
Complete interior cleaned with weak dilution of Autosmart G101 and Angelwax heaven for leather cleaner.
All relevant areas tended to with various brushes.
Engine bay polished and dressed.
Front grille ( became soul destroying to the end ) tended to.
Soft top proofed and protected.


text:
UN moves to tackle Georgia crisis
Security council holds emergency meeting after fighting erupts with breakaway South Ossetia.
Columns of Georgian forces were seen heading towards South Ossetia on Thursday [AFP]
'Massive bloodshed'
Separatists, who have controlled the region since the early 1990s, vowed to repel the attack without calling for help from Russia, their main backer.
In a sign of broadening conflict, hundreds of volunteers from Russia and Georgia's other breakaway region of Abkhazia headed to South Ossetia to support the separatist forces, Russian news agencies reported.
"It is not too late to avert massive bloodshed and new victims," the Russian foreign ministry said in a late-night statement.
"We hope our foreign partners will remain impartial in this difficult moment, when the fate of hundreds of thousands people is decided," it said. "The Georgian leadership should ... return to civilised ways of solving complicated problems."
Temur Iakobashvili, Georgia's reintegration minister, confirmed that "Tskhinvali is surrounded by Georgian forces", adding that government forces had taken control of five Ossetian villages loyal to separatists.
Ceasefire collapse
Mikheil Saakashvili, Georgia's president, had on Thursday offered an immediate halt to heavy fighting, after a week of clashes in which nearly 20 people were killed.
"Let's stop this spiral of violence ... let's resume negotiations," he had said in his televised address.
Saakashvili also reiterated a previous offer of "practically limitless" autonomy for South Ossetia and proposed that Russia could be the guarantor for any deal.
Officials from the two sides had been due to hold peace talks at a Russian peacekeeping base on Friday and Russian peacekeepers in the region reported that shelling had stopped for at least four hours after Saakashvili's televised speech.
But Georgia then accused separatists of shelling its villages and launched a large-scale military operation.
"We are forced to restore constitutional order in the whole region," General Mamuka Kurashvili, the head of Georgian peacekeepers in the region, said in comments broadcast on Georgia's Rustavi-2 television network.
"Despite our call for peace and a unilateral ceasefire, separatists continued the shelling of Georgian villages," he said.
Russian link
Martin McCauley, a London-based Russia analyst, told Al Jazeera: "You can argue that the president of South Ossetia, who wants independence from Georgia, is deliberately provoking Tbilisi and is trying to suck Russia in."
South Ossetia and Abkhazia, receive extensive political and financial backing from Moscow.
Tbilisi has repeatedly accused Russian peacekeepers of supporting the separatists, while Moscow has accused Georgia of planning a full-scale invasion to re-establish control over the region.
"Russia is responsible for what is happening now in the conflict zone. Because it's not us who supply the arms for the separatists," Georgia's Iakobashvili said.
But Grigory Karasin, Russia's deputy foreign minister, on Thursday dismissed Georgian claims that Russia was responsible for the fighting as "cynical and unfair".
"The responsibility for the new outbreak of tensions in the region rests upon the Georgian side,'' he said.
"We have to remind them again that it is impossible to resolve the South Ossetian problem with military methods."


Local Celebrity, an apparel company with a huge grassroots following, is moving on up like George and Wheezy. From what started humbly in a barn in November of 2003 has grown into one of the most sought after brands by young Hollywood, and hipsters alike.
We just wanted to make some cool shirts for our friends to rock around San Diego. says co-founder Daniel Ballard. We thought the name Local Celebrity was classic, because of the friendly So-Cal community we live in.
In the beginning, the 20-something sibling founders Jordan, Andi, and Daniel Ballard were living at their grandma's ranch in San Diego, and making t-shirts from her barn. I was 24, and sharing a bunk bed with my brother says Daniel. I was making shirts during the day and busing tables at a local restaurant at night. Andi was designing the shirts, and Jordan was coming up with ridiculous concepts. A couple of weeks after we were up and running my phone started blowing up with people calling for our shirts. I had no idea who they were, but people would drive from all over San Diego county for them. I had to add minutes to my cell-phone plan cause of that. Soon after, retail stores started calling us for our shirts some from across the country. We re now selling to a few key specialty stores such as Kitson in Los Angeles, Atrium in N.Y.C., and nationwide in Urban Outfitters.
Look for Local Celebrity to continue to blaze trails in 2006. So fresh and so clean.
First-ever Branding for Beginners Seminar at Fashion Business Inc.
Who is Gino Green Global???
Are Tattoos for Fashion or for Memory?


text:
Breaking news headlines about Migrant Crisis
RUHRSTADTREGION / Home / World News / Migrant crisis latest news, pictures and updates
Migrant crisis latest news, pictures and updates
Breaking news headlines about Migrant Crisis, linking to 1000s of sources around the world.
Article Updated: März 7, 2020
Kommentare deaktiviert für Migrant crisis latest news, pictures and updates
News is information about current events, provided through many different media: word of mouth, printing, postal systems, broadcasting, electronic communication, and also on the testimony of observers and witnesses to events. It is also used as a platform to manufacture opinion for the population.
Government proclamations, concerning royal ceremonies, laws, taxes, public health, have been dubbed news since ancient times.
Humans exhibit a nearly universal desire to learn and share news, which they satisfy by talking to each other and sharing information.
The genre of news as we know it today is closely associated with the newspaper.
Another corollary of the newness of news is that, as new technology enables new media to disseminate news more quickly, 'slower' forms of communication may move away from 'news' towards 'analysis'.
News is simply one input, along with paper or an electronic server necessary to prepare a final product for distribution.
According to some theories, "news" is whatever the news industry sells Journalism, broadly understood along the same lines, is the act or occupation of collecting and providing news.
From a commercial perspective, news is simply one input, along with paper (or an electronic server) necessary to prepare a final product for distribution.
A news agency supplies this resource "wholesale" and publishers enhance it for retail. Quantitatively, the internet has massively expanded the sheer volume of news items available to one person. The speed of news flow to individuals has also reached a new plateau.
This insurmountable flow of news can daunt people and cause information overload.
We can call this period the"technetronic era", in which "global reality increasingly absorbs the individual, involves him, and even occasionally overwhelms him."
Online journalism is news that is reported on the Internet
In cases of government crackdowns or revolutions, the Internet has often become a major communication channel for news propagation; while it's a (relatively) simple act to shut down a newspaper, radio or television station, mobile devices such as smartphones and netbooks are much harder to detect and confiscate.
The propagation of internet-capable mobile devices has also given rise to the CITIZEN JOURNALIST, who provide an additional perspective on unfolding events.
A professor at the University Graduate School of Journalism, has said that " everything we thought we once knew about journalism needs to be rethought in the DIGITAL AGE.
Today the work of journalism can be done from anywhere and done well. It requires no more than a reporter and a laptop. In that way, journalistic authority seems to have become more individual- and less institution-based.
Online news has also changed the geographic reach of individual news stories, diffusing readership from city-by-city markets to a potentially global audience. Steve Jobs – Apple Worldwide Developers' Conference, 1997
Because internet does not have the "column inches" limitation of print media, online news stories can, but don't always, come bundled with supplementary material.
The medium of the world wide web also enables hyperlinking, which allows readers to navigate to other pages related to the one they're reading.
Primetime News
A media organisation should adapt to meet the challenges and opportunities presented by changing audience behaviour in our module entitled "Newsroom evolution from digital denial to digital first".
According to some theories, "news" is whatever the news industry sells Journalism, broadly understood along the same lines.
News values are the professional norms of journalism.
Because each individual has a particular point of view, it is recognized that there can be no absolute objectivity in news reporting. Journalists can collectively shift their opinion over what is a controversy up for debate and what is an established fact.
Some commentators on news values have argued that journalists' training in news values itself represents a systemic bias of the news.
The importance of social media in news production and news dissemination
The challenges and opportunities presented by social media
Social media is an increasingly disruptive force on the media landscape. It challenges traditional, mainstream media to reconsider how they operate.
Social media often releases information about which mainstream media might not have been aware, and information that mainstream media might have tried to ignore.
It can offer a wider, more diverse perspective on life than that covered by traditional media.
An empowered audience
A media organisation should adapt to meet the challenges and opportunities presented by changing audience behaviour in our module entitled "Newsroom evolution from digital denial to digital first". Now we look at what a social strategy could mean for a media organisation.
But first, let's look at how we got to this stage media's developement. Social media is an increasingly disruptive force on the media landscape. It challenges traditional, mainstream media to reconsider how they operate.
Media evolution
The media is in a constant state of change, or at least it should be. Technological advances, leading to changing audience behaviour, resulting in altered attitudes to consuming and sharing news, which means that a media organisation can't afford to stand still.
Innovation is needed, but only if it makes business sense. There have been many stages of media evolution over the years, below we look at three. The "broadcast AT or publish AT" model, the "engage with on our terms" model, and the "participate in" model.
American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States.
Kalkalpen Austria
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Great hotels unbeatable deal is a television show on the 24h News Travel Channel. The show, hosted by…
Egypt in Africa
Egypt in Africa also borders the Mediterranean and is sometimes considered as part of the Middle East,…
From China, a shot across Tesla's bow. The car is packed (one piece, from the windscreen to the rear…
McKinley Denali
Denali is the highest mountain peak in North America, with a summit elevation of 20,310 feet (6,190…
American Football NFL
American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada, and also known as "gridiron…
Special reports of Ethiopia
A British national kidnapped by Ethiopia and held in jail faces an uncertain future after a court ruled…
A Health Home is not a building or a place. It is a program that helps you to manage all the care and services you need. Your Care Coordinator works with you to create a plan of care that meets all of your physical, mental health, and social service needs…
4 live Hit List: 06/10/2017
Emma B. prezintă o analiză a celor mai bune 40 de știri, povestiri despre politică, sport și showbiz ale săptămânii. Acestea au cel mai mare impact asupra celor sociale și online.
When's the Belgian PG on Reendex?
Racing Cars is back and live on Reendex News Sports - and there are a host of ways you can watch the Belgian PG.
When the weather turns warm and the days grow longer, it's time to start planning your next road trip.
When the weather turns warm and the days grow longer, it's time to start planning your next road trip. When the weather turns warm and the days grow longer, it's time to start planning your next road trip.
Clildren's


Tickets to big sporting and entertainment events sell out pretty fast. Many people realize when it is too late that they have waited for too long to purchase tickets to a live event they were eager to attend. When trapped in such a mess, most people resolve to try getting tickets from other sources other than the official website. Unfortunately, approximately 10 percent of people who try to buy concert tickets from other sources apart from the official agent/ website, promoter or a reputable exchange site have ended up being victims of ticket scams. This article will reveal to you how to avoid ticket scams when buying tickets for the upcoming luke bryan tour.
How to Avoid Scams When Buying Tickets.
Many scammers are eager to bait people online. Not only will they charge you exorbitant prices but will also vanish as soon as you wire the cash to their accounts. Thus, when looking to purchase tickets to a sold out event and someone claims to have them, arrange to meet the seller face to face. You can propose to meet them at the event venue in order to verify the authenticity of the tickets.
One of the ways scammers rip off people is by rushing them into closing transactions. If you feel you are being rushed into making a transaction, chances are high that you are dealing with a scammer. In that case, take it slow and try to make some kind of personal connection with the seller. This could entail getting their contact details, for instance, their personal email or giving them a call. Scammers will always avoid being known.
Before meeting the seller, ask for a copy of the invoice revealing that the tickets have been fully paid for. If the entire amount was not paid, there is a high probability that the seller does not have the tickets. Also, ask the seller for his account number to compare it against the invoice details. This move will help you to avoid buying stolen tickets.
Any genuine website will caution people from sharing any of their financial related information online. While dealing with a stranger, never share any information that could jeopardize your financial privacy.
If your ticket seller demands that you send the money through MoneyGram, the Western Union or any other money wiring platform, stop the transaction immediately because you are most likely dealing with a scammer. Instead, demand to pay via protected online payment platforms like PayPal. After transfer, check your bank and credit card statements to ensure that no fraud has happened after the transaction, and also the correct amount has been debited.
Trying to buy tickets to sold-out events online can be a dangerous endeavor because there are many scammers on the internet. Being alert and vigilant through following these tips on how to avoid scams when buying tickets online will help you to spot and avoid scammers the moment they present themselves before you.


text:
// Copyright 2021 The Chromium Authors
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "content/services/auction_worklet/auction_worklet_service_impl.h"

#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "base/memory/ptr_util.h"
#include "base/memory/raw_ptr.h"
#include "base/memory/ref_counted.h"
#include "base/sequence_checker.h"
#include "base/synchronization/waitable_event.h"
#include "content/services/auction_worklet/auction_v8_helper.h"
#include "content/services/auction_worklet/bidder_worklet.h"
#include "content/services/auction_worklet/public/mojom/auction_worklet_service.mojom.h"
#include "content/services/auction_worklet/seller_worklet.h"
#include "mojo/public/cpp/bindings/pending_receiver.h"
#include "mojo/public/cpp/bindings/receiver.h"
#include "mojo/public/cpp/bindings/self_owned_receiver.h"
#include "third_party/blink/public/mojom/interest_group/interest_group_types.mojom.h"

namespace auction_worklet {

// Make sure we only use a single AuctionV8Helper, including V8 thread and V8
// isolate, no matter how many services there are. Assumes usages from a single
// thread. In kDedicated mode, assumes this will be destroyed strictly before
// task scheduling is shut down.
class AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::V8HelperHolder
    : public base::RefCounted<V8HelperHolder> {
 public:
  static V8HelperHolder* Instance(ProcessModel process_model) {
    if (!g_instance)
      g_instance = new V8HelperHolder(process_model);
    DCHECK_CALLED_ON_VALID_SEQUENCE(g_instance->sequence_checker_);
    return g_instance;
  }

  const scoped_refptr<AuctionV8Helper>& v8_helper() {
    DCHECK_CALLED_ON_VALID_SEQUENCE(sequence_checker_);
    return auction_v8_helper_;
  }

 private:
  friend class base::RefCounted<V8HelperHolder>;

  explicit V8HelperHolder(ProcessModel process_model)
      : auction_v8_helper_(
            AuctionV8Helper::Create(AuctionV8Helper::CreateTaskRunner())),
        process_model_(process_model) {
    DCHECK_CALLED_ON_VALID_SEQUENCE(sequence_checker_);
    if (process_model_ == ProcessModel::kDedicated) {
      auction_v8_helper_->SetDestroyedCallback(base::BindOnce(
          &V8HelperHolder::FinishedDestroying, base::Unretained(this)));
    }
  }

  ~V8HelperHolder() {
    DCHECK_CALLED_ON_VALID_SEQUENCE(sequence_checker_);
    if (process_model_ == ProcessModel::kDedicated) {
      // ~V8HelperHolder running means there are no more instances of the
      // service, so the service process itself may be about to be shutdown.
      // Wait until `auction_v8_helper_` is destroyed to make sure no V8 things
      // are running on its thread, since they may crash if task scheduling
      // suddenly becomes impossible.
      auction_v8_helper_.reset();
      wait_for_v8_shutdown_.Wait();
    }
    g_instance = nullptr;
  }

  void FinishedDestroying() {
    DCHECK_EQ(process_model_, ProcessModel::kDedicated);
    // This method runs on the V8 thread, while the object lives on the
    // service's mojo thread.
    wait_for_v8_shutdown_.Signal();
  }

  static V8HelperHolder* g_instance;

  scoped_refptr<AuctionV8Helper> auction_v8_helper_;
  const ProcessModel process_model_;
  base::WaitableEvent wait_for_v8_shutdown_;

  SEQUENCE_CHECKER(sequence_checker_);
};

AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::V8HelperHolder*
    AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::V8HelperHolder::g_instance = nullptr;

// static
void AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::CreateForRenderer(
    mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::AuctionWorkletService> receiver) {
  mojo::MakeSelfOwnedReceiver(
      base::WrapUnique(new AuctionWorkletServiceImpl(
          ProcessModel::kShared,
          mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::AuctionWorkletService>())),
      std::move(receiver));
}

// static
std::unique_ptr<AuctionWorkletServiceImpl>
AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::CreateForService(
    mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::AuctionWorkletService> receiver) {
  return base::WrapUnique(new AuctionWorkletServiceImpl(
      ProcessModel::kDedicated, std::move(receiver)));
}

AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::AuctionWorkletServiceImpl(
    ProcessModel process_model,
    mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::AuctionWorkletService> receiver)
    : auction_v8_helper_holder_(V8HelperHolder::Instance(process_model)),
      receiver_(this, std::move(receiver)) {}

AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::~AuctionWorkletServiceImpl() = default;

scoped_refptr<AuctionV8Helper>
AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::AuctionV8HelperForTesting() {
  return auction_v8_helper_holder_->v8_helper();
}

void AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::LoadBidderWorklet(
    mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::BidderWorklet> bidder_worklet_receiver,
    bool pause_for_debugger_on_start,
    mojo::PendingRemote<network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory>
        pending_url_loader_factory,
    const GURL& script_source_url,
    const absl::optional<GURL>& wasm_helper_url,
    const absl::optional<GURL>& trusted_bidding_signals_url,
    const url::Origin& top_window_origin,
    bool has_experiment_group_id,
    uint16_t experiment_group_id) {
  auto bidder_worklet = std::make_unique<BidderWorklet>(
      auction_v8_helper_holder_->v8_helper(), pause_for_debugger_on_start,
      std::move(pending_url_loader_factory), script_source_url, wasm_helper_url,
      trusted_bidding_signals_url, top_window_origin,
      has_experiment_group_id ? absl::make_optional(experiment_group_id)
                              : absl::nullopt);
  auto* bidder_worklet_ptr = bidder_worklet.get();

  mojo::ReceiverId receiver_id = bidder_worklets_.Add(
      std::move(bidder_worklet), std::move(bidder_worklet_receiver));

  bidder_worklet_ptr->set_close_pipe_callback(
      base::BindOnce(&AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::DisconnectBidderWorklet,
                     base::Unretained(this), receiver_id));
}

void AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::LoadSellerWorklet(
    mojo::PendingReceiver<mojom::SellerWorklet> seller_worklet_receiver,
    bool pause_for_debugger_on_start,
    mojo::PendingRemote<network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory>
        pending_url_loader_factory,
    const GURL& decision_logic_url,
    const absl::optional<GURL>& trusted_scoring_signals_url,
    const url::Origin& top_window_origin,
    bool has_experiment_group_id,
    uint16_t experiment_group_id) {
  auto seller_worklet = std::make_unique<SellerWorklet>(
      auction_v8_helper_holder_->v8_helper(), pause_for_debugger_on_start,
      std::move(pending_url_loader_factory), decision_logic_url,
      trusted_scoring_signals_url, top_window_origin,
      has_experiment_group_id ? absl::make_optional(experiment_group_id)
                              : absl::nullopt);
  auto* seller_worklet_ptr = seller_worklet.get();

  mojo::ReceiverId receiver_id = seller_worklets_.Add(
      std::move(seller_worklet), std::move(seller_worklet_receiver));

  seller_worklet_ptr->set_close_pipe_callback(
      base::BindOnce(&AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::DisconnectSellerWorklet,
                     base::Unretained(this), receiver_id));
}

void AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::DisconnectSellerWorklet(
    mojo::ReceiverId receiver_id,
    const std::string& reason) {
  seller_worklets_.RemoveWithReason(receiver_id, /*custom_reason_code=*/0,
                                    reason);
}

void AuctionWorkletServiceImpl::DisconnectBidderWorklet(
    mojo::ReceiverId receiver_id,
    const std::string& reason) {
  bidder_worklets_.RemoveWithReason(receiver_id, /*custom_reason_code=*/0,
                                    reason);
}

}  // namespace auction_worklet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Omar Vizquel Was a Defensive Wizard, but he's not a Hall of Fame Shortstop
Omar Vizquel will be remembered for his legendary defense, but he doesn't have the complete profile that should guarantee him a spot in the Hall of Fame.
Jay Jaffe
The following article is part of my ongoing look at the candidates on the BBWAA 2018 Hall of Fame ballot. For a detailed introduction to this year's ballot, please see here. For an introduction to JAWS, see here.
In the eyes of many, Omar Vizquel was the successor to Ozzie Smith when it came to dazzling defense. Thanks to the increased prevalence of highlight footage on the internet and cable shows such as ESPN's SportsCenter and Baseball Tonight, the diminutive Venezuelan shortstop's barehanded grabs, diving stops and daily acrobatics were seen by far more viewers than Smith's ever were. Vizquel made up for having a less-than-prototypically-strong arm with incredibly soft hands and a knack for advantageous positioning. Such was the perception of his prowess at the position that he took home 11 Gold Gloves, more than any shortstop this side of Smith, who won 13.
Vizquel's offense was superficially akin to Smith's: he was a singles-slapping switch-hitter in lineups full of bigger bats, and at his best, he was a capable table-setter who got on base often enough to score 80, 90 or even 100 runs in some seasons. His ability to move the runner over with a sacrifice bunt or a productive out delighted purists, and he could steal a base, too. While he lacked power, he dealt in volume, piling up more hits (2,877) than all but four shortstops, all of them in the Hall of Fame or heading there: Derek Jeter (3,465), Honus Wagner (3,420), Cal Ripken Jr. (3,184) and Robin Yount (3,142). During his 11-year run in Cleveland (1994–2004), he helped the Indians to six playoff appearances and two pennants.
To some, that makes Vizquel an easy call for the Hall of Fame now that he has reached the ballot, but these eyes aren't so sure. Via WAR and JAWS, Vizquel's case isn't nearly as strong as it is on the traditional merits, and his candidacy has the potential to be the next point of friction between old-school and new-school thinkers when it comes to the Hall of Fame. Is he the next Jack Morris?
Career WAR
Peak WAR
AVG/OBP/SLG
Omar Vizquel
.272/.336/.352
Avg. HOF SS
Born to an electrical company technician and a kindergarten teacher in Caracas, Venezuela in 1967, Vizquel grew up in the poor neighborhood of Santa Eduvigis, where baseball was a constant. As a youngster he honed his quick reflexes and extraordinary hands by carrying around a rubber ball or tennis ball, which he would constantly bounce off of nearby objects and snare barehanded. Those skills were put to great use as he played on the rocky sandlots of his hometown, where preventing ground balls from hitting him in the face was a necessary survival tactic.
When Vizquel cut his teeth on those sandlots, the presence of his countrymen in the major leagues had begun to ramp up significantly. The first Venezuela-born major leaguer was pitcher Alex Carrasquel, who spent 1939–45 with the Senators, with a brief cameo with the White Sox in '49. The third was his nephew, Chico Carrasquel, who spent 1950–59 in the majors, including six years with the White Sox alongside Nellie Fox as one the era's great double play combos. The younger Carrasquel became the first Venezuela-born All-Star in 1951 and would make three more Midsummer Classic squads before being traded to the Indians for Larry Doby in October 1955. The White Sox replaced him with another Venezuelan, Luis Aparicio, who immediately validated the deal by winning AL Rookie of the Year and leading the league in stolen bases for the first of nine straight years. He would eventually win nine Gold Gloves, though one could quibble with the rest of his Cooperstown credentials. Through 1966, nine Venezuela-born players had reached the majors, but in '67 alone, the year of Vizquel's birth, five more did, the start of a steady stream that continues to this day.
The Mariners signed Vizquel in 1984, just short of his 17th birthday, for a mere $2,000 bonus and brought him to the U.S., where he lived with three other young Venezuelans. His parents had forced him to take a three-month crash course in English to prepare for his career, which began in Butte, Montana, with Seattle's Pioneer League affiliate. He climbed the organizational ladder methodically: Low-A Bellingham in 1985, A-level Wausau in '86 (the year he began switch-hitting), A-level Salinas in '87, Double A Vermont and Triple A Calgary in '88, and finally the Mariners on Opening Day 1989, filling in for incumbent Rey Quiñones, who had sprained his ankle in spring training.
The 22-year-old Vizquel wasn't an immediate success. He made a throwing error in his first game, added another error in his third, and was sent back to Calgary after going just 3-for-24. Quiñones returned from the disabled list and reclaimed his job but was traded to the Pirates on April 21. Vizquel returned for the rest of the season, and while he was above-average defensively (+6 runs via Total Zone), he hit just .220/.273/.261 in 431 plate appearances for an anemic 50 OPS+, the majors' worst mark for any hitter with at least 400 PA that year.
After he sprained the medial collateral ligament of his left knee the following spring, the team left Vizquel at Calgary through his rehab and into early July. He went 2-for-3 with a homer in his July 5 return, and while he still hit just .247/.295/.298 for a 67 OPS+ in 285 PA, he was 13 runs above average afield en route to 1.5 WAR. His bat remained similarly sluggish in 1991, but in a lineup where Ken Griffey Jr., Jay Buhner and Edgar Martinez were developing into forces, the Mariners could afford to carry Vizquel. His defense (+14 runs) played a part in helping Seattle to a 83–79 record, their first season above .500.
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The team regressed to 64–98 the following year, even as Vizquel hit a relatively robust .294/.340/.352 en route to a 95 OPS+ and 3.5 WAR, but he couldn't maintain that gain, slipping back to .255/.319/.298 (67 OPS+) in 1993. He did claim his first Gold Glove via defense that was 16 runs above average—a mark that would stand as his career best—and bolstered by the notoriety he gained for sealing Chris Bosio's April 22 no-hitter against the Red Sox. With Bosio's no-no hanging in the balance, Vizquel barehanded a chopper behind the mound on the second-base side and threw out batter Earnest Riles by two steps at first base.
In 1993, the Mariners drafted Alex Rodriguez with the No. 1 pick. Though they weren't teammates yet, the contrast between the light-hitting 5'9" Vizquel and the powerful 6'3" Rodriguez couldn't have been more striking. Big men had played the position before, but not until 6'4" Ripken came along in the early 1980s had one flourished as a two-way threat. With Rodriguez waiting in the wings, the Mariners traded Vizquel to the Indians for stopgap shortstop Felix Fermin and DH Reggie Jefferson in December 1993.
It was an astute move by Cleveland general manager John Hart. The Indians had cracked .500 just once in the previous 12 seasons, but they were in the process of assembling a powerhouse lineup featuring youngsters Manny Ramirez, Jim Thome and Carlos Baerga, as well as Albert Belle, Kenny Lofton and others. Though he missed seven weeks early in the season due to a right knee sprain, Vizquel solidified the defense, and the lineup could more than support his limp bat. The team went 64–47 during the strike-shortened season and the following year went an MLB-best 100–44 en route to Cleveland's first pennant since 1954.
Vizquel hit just .266/.333/.351 for a 71 OPS+ that season and snagged his third Gold Glove, though for what it's worth, Total Zone valued his defense that year at just one run above average, part of a four-year stretch (1994–98) in which he was barely in the black. Still, he gained no small amount of attention for his fieldwork in the postseason, with Sports Illustrated's Tim Kurkjian gushing the following spring, calling Vizquel "the Indians' most fascinating player to watch."
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The Indians lost that World Series to the Braves, but Hart's foresight in signing Ramirez, Thome, Baerga, Lofton, Charles Nagy and Sandy Alomar Jr. to long-term extensions—many of which bought out players' arbitration years—enabled the small-market team to afford its top players, creating a core that would win six division titles and two pennants from 1995 to 2001. That included Vizquel, who was heading into his age-29 season; Hart signed him to a five-year, $15.35 million extension that December.
Working with hitting coach Charlie Manuel (who would take over from Mike Hargrove as manager in 2000), Vizquel matured considerably as a hitter. From his debut through 1995, he batted .256/.315/.314 for a 72 OPS+ and a combined -106 batting runs (the offensive component of WAR). From '96 to 2004—a high-offense era—he hit a composite .286/.356/.385 for a 93 OPS+; for the period, he was just 29 runs below average at the plate, with four seasons either at zero or in the black. In 1999, he set across-the-board career bests with a .333/.397/.436 line, a 111 OPS+, 42 steals and 6.0 WAR.
Vizquel collected Gold Gloves every year from 1996 to 2001—the last three while paired with Roberto Alomar for one of the most visually arresting double play combos in recent memory—though the advanced metrics suggest his defense wasn't so exceptional. Here it's worth yet another reminder that single-season defensive data captures a fair bit of noise along with the signal, and it's better to consider in the context of multiple seasons. Via Total Zone, Vizquel's defensive value ranged from +14 to -8 runs relative to average in this six-year span. His 16 runs above average for the period ranked just 15th in the majors, far behind Rey Sanchez (+89) and Rey Ordonez (+62), the top two at the position.
Despite repeatedly winning their division, the Indians couldn't nab that elusive championship. They came agonizingly close in 1997, despite just an 86–75 record. After defeating the defending champion Yankees in the Division Series and the Orioles in the ALCS, they took a 2–1 lead into the ninth inning of Game 7 of the World Series against the Marlins. Alas, closer Jose Mesa surrendered the tying run in the bottom of the ninth via two singles and a sacrifice fly, and an error by second baseman Tony Fernandez on Craig Counsell's grounder in the 11th inning led to the series-winning run.
The sting of that loss lingered, and became part of the biggest controversy of Vizquel's career. Though he had been close to Mesa to that point—"We lived five minutes away from each other. We fooled around a lot. We cooked together," he later said—Vizquel's subsequent actions towards his teammate were anything but friendly. First he irritated Mesa by cartwheeling across home plate after homering off him during an intrasquad game in 1998—that's right, an intrasquad game. In exchange, after the pitcher was traded to the Giants in midseason and signed with the Mariners the following winter, he brushed his old friend back during a 1999 encounter.
Things came to a head when on the opening page of his 2002 autobiography, Omar! My Life On and Off the Field, Vizquel wrote of Game 7:
The eyes of the world were focused on every move we made. Unfortunately, Jose's own eyes were vacant. Completely empty. Nobody home. You could almost see right through him. Not long after I looked into his vacant eyes, he blew the save and the Marlins tied the game.
Mesa, by that point a member of the Phillies, was understandably livid. He plunked Vizquel during a 2002 interleague game and was fined $500. In the spring of 2003, he told reporter Randy Miller, "I will not forgive him. Even my little boy (Jose Jr.) told me to get him. If I face him 10 more times, I'll hit him 10 times. I want to kill him."
The two didn't face each other again until 2006, but in their first encounter, Mesa, by then with the Giants, again hit Vizquel. He was suspended for four games. They squared off three more times without incident, with Mesa retiring him twice but Vizquel collecting a garbage-time–two-run single in the last encounter. They never did mend fences, and the shortstop somehow remained puzzled even while saying in 2014, "It was kind of sad that I never got to tell him that I didn't really mean anything bad about what I said in the book."
While Vizquel generally got high marks for his comportment throughout his career, his ongoing feud with Mesa was a low point. Game Sevens are inevitably filled with heroes and goats, but it takes some chutzpah for a player to try to humiliate one of the latter—let alone one he called a close friend—in the opening page of his memoir.
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In February 2001, Vizquel signed a two-year, $15 million extension with the Indians, one that also raised his salary for that season from $3 million to $4.5 million and included a $5 million mutual option for 2005. His streak of Gold Gloves ended in 2002, but he set a career high with 14 homers and earned All-Star honors for the third time; the first two had been in 1998 and '99, no small achievement with Rodriguez, Derek Jeter and Nomar Garciaparra in their collective heyday as "the trinity." A pair of surgeries to repair the meniscus of his right knee—he tore it again while rehabbing—limited Vizquel to 64 games in 2003, and, after he failed a physical, prevented a trade of the 36-year-old shortstop back to the Mariners that winter.
At 37, Vizquel enjoyed a solid rebound with the Indians, batting .291/.353/.388 for a 99 OPS+ en route to 4.0 WAR, the second-highest total of his career. The Indians declined their end of the mutual option, but Vizquel parlayed that performance into a three-year, $12.25 million deal with the Giants. He won Gold Gloves in the first two of those years, albeit with Defensive Runs Saved totals of just +1 and +7, and WAR totals of 1.5 and 2.9. His bat fell off the table in 2007, his age-40 season (.246/.305/.316/61 OPS+), and despite a career high +16 DRS, his total value was just 0.6 WAR.
While the Giants re-signed Vizquel, his performance slipped even further in 2008. That year began with a seven-week stint on the DL for surgery to repair the meniscus in his left knee, as well as a bone bruise, and finished with career worsts in OPS+ (45) and WAR (-0.5). One highlight: On May 25, 2008, he surpassed Aparicio for the most games played at shortstop with 2,584.
Moving into a utility role that included ample time at second and third as well as short, Vizquel spent four more years in the majors with the Rangers (2009), White Sox ('10–11, while wearing Aparicio's No. 11, un-retired with his blessing) and Blue Jays ('12), the last of those coming at age 45. He hit a combined .262/.312/.320 for a 70 OPS+ in 931 PA, and only in 2010 did he play regularly. In June 2012, he announced that he would retire at season's end; on Oct. 4 in Toronto, with former teammate Baerga and fellow Venezuelans Aparicio and Andres Galarraga on hand, he threw out the ceremonial first pitch and collected a single in the final at-bat of his 24-year career.
Vizquel's longevity, which allowed him to play a record 2,709 games at shortstop, collect 2,877 hits (higher than all but the aforementioned quartet of Jeter, Wagner, Ripken and Yount among shortstops) and win 11 Gold Gloves (more than all but Smith), is perhaps the best point in his favor when it comes to the Hall of Fame. But beyond those standings, his résumé is a mixture of good news/bad news. Vizquel helped his teams reach the playoffs six times and the World Series twice, though he was less productive at the plate there (.250/.327/.316 in 264 PA) than in the regular season. Thanks in large part to the presence of the shortstop trinity, he made just three All-Star teams, a comparatively low total for a modern Hall of Famer, and the entirety of his MVP consideration consisted of a 16th-place finish in 1999. Still, his Hall of Fame Monitor score of 120, while not indicating a slam dunk, is on the side of "more likely than not."
Then there's the defense. Vizquel's flair afield produced countless highlight loops that got their share of attention thanks to the Internet and cable TV, not to mention the routine exposure he got in the postseason from 1995 through 2001. Observers like Kurkjian weren't shy about using superlatives, and Vizquel was a fan favorite, albeit not enough of one to be voted to start a single All-Star Game. Having written more than once on the pros and cons of his case, I can attest that his defenders will come out of the woodwork to drop a good word on his behalf (along with a few unprintable ones on mine).
Baseball-Reference.com credits Vizquel as being 128 runs above average for his career defensively, via a combination of Total Zone (+80 runs through 2002) and Defensive Runs Saved (+48 from '03 to '12). Ultimate Zone Rating credits him as 48 runs above average as well for the latter period. The combined total, while very good, doesn't blow the doors off the shrine; it ranks 18th all-time among shortstops, better than 12 of the 20 enshrined.
Should it be better? Advanced fielding statistics aren't easy to penetrate, but feel around the margins of the basic stats and you can begin to see why the metrics don't put Vizquel on the same level as Ozzie Smith. In Vizquel's favor, he holds the edge in fielding percentage, .985 to .978, but both were 12 points higher than their respective leagues' shortstops during the course of their careers. From there, the comparison becomes more lopsided in the Wizard's favor.
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While Vizquel is third all-time in assists for a shortstop (7,676), that's a product of his longevity. He never led his league in the category, and while he ranked in the top five eight times, six of those were fourth or fifth. Smith, the all-time leader among shortstops with 8,375 assists—in 1,175 fewer innings, roughly 130 games—led his league eight times, and was second in four others. The story is similar when it comes to double plays: Vizquel, the all-time leader at 1,734, led his league once and was third three times; Smith, second all-time with 1,590 double plays, led his league five times and was second six times.
True, Smith played in an era with more balls in play and fewer strikeouts. Via B-Ref, during his time in the field, 83% of his pitching staff's plate appearances ended with a ball in play; for Vizquel's teams, the rate was 77%, so there would have been fewer chances for him to make a play. Likewise, his staffs faced a smaller proportion of righthanded batters, whose natural pull tendency would be to the left side of the infield: 58%, in line with the league average. Smith's teams faced 61% righties, two points above average.
Calculations such as those go into the Total Zone defensive metrics. While it's an oversimplification to say that the difference between Smith and Vizquel can be boiled down to range factor (putouts plus assists per nine innings) relative to their league averages, such a comparison gets the point across. The Wizard averaged 5.22 plays per nine while the league's shortstops were at 4.78, a difference of 0.44 per nine. Vizquel averaged 4.62 per nine for his time at shortstop while the league was at 4.61—a difference of just 0.01. Aparicio and Rabbit Maranville, who are both enshrined for the way their glove work offset similarly light sticks, both have larger gaps as well; the former was 0.16 above his leagues, the latter 0.28 above.
Via the advanced stats, Smith has an edge of 111 runs over Vizquel on the defensive side, and that's before considering offense. Vizquel's .272/.336/.352 line translates to an 82 OPS+, five points lower than Smith, who played in the lower-scoring era. Over the course of his 12,013 plate appearances, Vizquel was 244 runs below average with the bat, the 13th-lowest total among players who spent the majority of their careers at shortstop. That's 16 runs worse than Maranville, the worst among current Hall of Fame shortstops, and 127 runs worse than Smith. What's more, where Smith made up 79 runs on the bases (steals as well as advancement on hits and outs) and 23 more on avoiding double plays, Vizquel—who stole 404 bases, albeit with just a 70.8% success rate—was one run below average in the former and nine above in the latter. His net offense was -236 runs to Smith's -15.
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Thanks to his defense, Vizquel was still worth 45.3 WAR for his career, which ranks 29th among shortstops, but is higher than just four of those enshrined, and 21.4 WAR below the position standard. Within 2.0 WAR of him on either side are Art Fletcher, Miguel Tejada, Jimmy Rollins, Vern Stephens, Tony Fernandez, Roger Peckinpaugh, Garciaparra and Travis Jackson, of whom only the last is enshrined, and that's thanks to some Veterans Committee cronyism. For all of his Gold Gloves, Vizquel ranked in the top 10 in his league in WAR just once, with a career-high 6.0 in 1999. Smith, for a point of comparison, made his leagues' top 10 six times, Maranville five times, Aparicio twice.
The news is even harsher when it comes to Vizquel's peak score of 26.6: it ranks 61st all-time. Of the 16 players within two wins on either side, there are notable names, including Cecil Travis, Marty Marion and Edgar Renteria, but of the lot, only Monte Ward, whose career is so bifurcated between pitching and shortstop that I exclude him from the JAWS set entirely, is enshrined. Thus Vizquel's 36.0 JAWS ranks 42nd, just ahead of popular Era Committee candidates such as Davey Concepcion and Maury Wills but lower than all of the enshrined shortstops, with Maranville (42.8/30.4/36.6) bringing up the rear.
Those just aren't numbers that can support a Hall of Fame case, though Vizquel appears poised to garner a good amount of support. Even on a crowded, top-heavy ballot where many voters feel constrained by the 10-slot rule, Vizquel was included on 13 of the first 22 ballots cast at Ryan Thibodaux's ballot tracker. That's only about five percent of the electorate, but it certainly points to the possibility of a long stay on the ballot for Vizquel, which will inevitably cause a ruckus in the battle between the eye-test crowd and the statheads, à la Morris. It would be a shame if the debate becomes as shrill and polarizing as it did for Morris. Omar Vizquel was a fine ballplayer and an icon to his countrymen. He deserves to be remembered with respect, but his road should stop short of the Cooperstown dais.
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Vassen Barbie-Eye Super Nudy Blue - FREE Cute Animal Lens Case!
this wouldn't be my first pair of contacts from candy lens. this will be my 7th I believe. I have always been pleased with their product and I just ordered these and can't wait to get them. I have dark brown eyes and I want a bright vibrant and great enlargement and dolly eyes and hope candy lens won't disappoint me, but I don't think they would. I love their product and highly recommend them. keep buying!
This was my first pair of contact lenses ever, and when I first put these in they didn't hurt or irritate my eyes at all. My eyes didn't even water, and sometimes I forget I'm wearing them.
I have dark brown eyes and on me these are SO SO SO BLUE. It's a dark but very vibrant blue, and sometimes in different lights it can change shades slightly. They enlarged my eyes quite a bit. They gave a very dolly look. When I got the package there were directions on how to use them, and a cute handwritten note. It was wrapped secure in bubble wrap and in a very safe big envelope. I ordered the fastest shipping choice and they came earlier than they were supposed to.
Comfortable lenses with strong color!


Undercover car park, available 24/7, located on Military Rd, Mosman. Easy to access, directly off Military Rd and walking distance (<500m) to Mosman Public schools, Mosman Square, Mosman Council, Balmoral Beach, shops, etc. Prime location!


Many throat cancer patients for whatever reason are left with swallowing issues; this page contains links to information and videos that have been recommended by members of our Facebook page. Member comments are shown as quotes.
"The effects of cancer treatment on your swallowing ability: What to monitor during and after cancer treatment" (download this 1-page document by clicking on file to the left).
This website was developed to enhance the education and knowledge of the patients and their families under the care of the SLP staff at Texas Health Care, PLLC.
Throughout this site, you will find information, illustrations, videos, etc. regarding the various medical/rehabilitative topics treated by the Speech Pathology Department.
This site should serve as a practical reference for general information as well as provide answers to frequently asked questions. You can also view images of our staff in practice, hear personal accounts from current/former patients and find the latest information on current practices employed by our staff. You will also find links to contact this office with questions and/or appointment requests.
The National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders strives to provide education to patients and caregivers impacted by a swallowing disorder in addition to the wide range of professionals who support our challenged community. We offer educational opportunities through our Dysphagia Webinar Series, our Dysphagia documentary, university outreach programs, and more.
Dysphagia - Difficulty eating and swallowing food—dysphagia—can have a significant impact on a patient's life after radiation treatment and surgery. Consuming enough nutrition is critical to a your ability to recover from surgery and tolerate life saving treatments. Recognizing this disorder early allows you and your doctor to implement an effective treatment plan. In the long term, patients may experience some permanent eating and swallowing disability as a result of treatment, but in many cases this can be treated or compensated for.
US News & World Report Article: A Disorder That's Hard to Swallow - Dysphagia can cripple your quality of life and lead to other (deadly) conditions.
Endoscopic spray cryotherapy: a new technique for mucosal ablation in the esophagus.
Pharyngo-cutaneous fistula development is a major complication associated with Laryngo-pharyngectomy. Most cases respond well to conservative treatment. In recurrent and chronic non-healing fistulas, the constant bathing by saliva of the altered tissue is a prime factor in retarding the progress of healing. Prevention of wound contamination with saliva is necessary. The Montgomery salivary bypass tube (MSBT, Photo 1) directs saliva into the distal esophagus and thus this procedure supports spontaneous closure of the fistula. We describe our experience with MSBT in a case of recurrent Pharygo-cutaneous fistula.
RESOURCE® THICKENUP® CLEAR improves swallowing safety compared to thin liquids*, does not over-thicken with time, and mixes easily in a wide range of foods and beverages. This instant thickener is tasteless, odorless, lump-free, and remains clear when mixed in water.
Phagophobia is a word that comes from Greek phagein, "eat" and phobos, "fear". It is a fear of swallowing that manifests in various symptoms without any apparent physical reason detectable by a traditional assessment. The disorder can wreak havoc on normal eating in a variety of ways. Patients may avoid certain types of food or textures, hyper-masticate (over-chew) their food, complain of food sticking, exhibit difficulty getting the swallow "started" and lose weight. All of these symptoms can create elevated levels of anxiety and cause patients to socially isolate themselves during mealtimes.


Things sure seem to be going our way lately. Two years ago, coal mining seemed a done deal. Now, it looks like at least one of the proposed coal mines are all mucked up.
So, who gets the credit for this turn of events?
Over the last several years, hundreds of you have shown up at every hearing, rally, and informational event we could muster! You've made signs, talked to your neighbors, shouted chants, spoke in public, and written dozens of letters.
This has all made a HUGE DIFFERENCE! THANK YOU!
If you haven't been following the news, including all the great letters to the paper written by your neighbors, check out our In the News page.
The other reason we are seeing a slowing in Usibelli's exploration plans is due to a stroke of luck. It seems that many in the coal industry are now predicting that coal's heyday may be coming to a close. In short, coal isn't selling. This makes the development of new mines far less likely when existing mines are losing business.
Is any of this a sure victory for a coal free future? Not yet. But have heart and stay motivated. We are well on our way to claiming our healthy futures back here in the Mat-Su!


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PACKAGE COSTS
Between Provence and Cévennes....
Come and discover
La Magnanerie de Séraphin is located in the Gard department, in Occitania, between Provence and the Cévennes. Occitania - and especially the Gard department- is famous for its colourful cuisine, wines, medieval castles, culture, history, villages and market towns, farms and stone houses full of character.
The Gard is home to many towns and villages, both well-known and lesser-known, that are characterised by the history and charm of this region of France.Among the best known are Nîmes, Montpellier, Arles and Avignon. Lesser-known towns include the medieval town of Uzès, Lussan, one of the 'prettiest villages in France', and many other villages of character such as Barjac (where the famous artist Anselm Kieffer has one of his large artist's studios), Vézenobres, Aigues-Mortes and the ceramics village of Saint Quentin la Poterie.
The Gard is also known for the famous Pont du Gard, a Roman aqueduct over theGardon river, and for the wonderful wild marshes of the Camargue, not far from Nîmes and Arles, as well as for the Cévennes National Park.
The Gard is a place of discovery of history, culture and nature, which will make you want to come back and enjoy it all.
The village of Navacelles
The small farming village of Navacelles where La Magnanerie de Séraphin is located should not be confused with St Maurice de Navacelles, home to the famous "Cirque de Navacelles", 90kms from La Magnanerie de Séraphin.
The house, protected by the hill of Mont Bouquet just behind, looks over the agricultural plain with its fields of sunflowers, melons and vineyards. And the lavender fields are not far away either.
The small village of Navacelles is characterised by stone houses and narrow streets surrounding its own castle, an old church and a temple whose bells ring every hour!
It is a quiet place to live. It is also the ideal base for exploring the rest of the region or for hiking on the many well-marked trails through the Provençal garrigues. One of these is the invigorating climb up to Mont Bouquet, which offers a breathtaking 360 degree view of the local landscape and an extravagant sunset over the Cévennes. A few kilometres away, easily accessible by bike, is Allègre-les-Fumades, where there is a spa, a selection of cafes/restaurants, a very good ice cream parlour and even a casino and a Sunday flea market!
The medieval town of Uzès
The Duchy of Uzès is a small medieval town with a castle and one of the most beautiful main squares, the Place aux Herbes, with its large fountain and arcades.And you know the Duke is at home if you see the flag flying over the castle!
Uzès is a lively and authentic place, a place where people live and work and where twice a week there is a very large fresh produce market which tourists frequent.
There is also a wide range of restaurants and bars serving the truly delicious food of this region, not to mention the best rosé in France! It is for all these reasons that Uzès was the geographical centre of your hosts' initial search for a place to live in the Gard.
The city of Nîmes, now the capital of the Gard department, was founded by the Romans and has the finest collection of Roman remains in France, including the Nîmes Arena and the Maison Carrée, the best preserved Roman temple in the world. And the superb new Musée de la Romanité is a must-see!
On the edge of the Mediterranean plain, some 40km from the sea, it is an ideal location to discover the Cévennes National Park to the north or the wild and beautiful wetlands of the Camargue to the south.
The historic centre of Nîmes, with its narrow streets and tree-lined boulevards typical of southern France, includes the Jardins de la Fontaine park, one of the oldest urban parks in France and a charming area of greenery, fountains and shade on the edge of the old town.
Avignon lends itself perfectly to exploration on foot and, while its main boulevard offers superb shopping, the narrow cobbled streets and alleyways are filled with cafés and bars, small galleries and boutiques, with buskers providing musical atmosphere to this lively city.
Situated on the left bank of the Rhône, Avignon is well known for its iconic bridge, Le Pont d'Avignon, its Gothic cathedral and the famous Palais des Papes.
Every July, the city hosts the famous theatre festival which floods the streets with a myriad of choices from hundreds of plays and shows.
Visual arts also take centre stage with the Yvon Lambert Contemporary Art Collection, the historic collection of the Petit Palais Museum and the city's many other museums, many of which are open to the public free of charge.
The Camargue
The Camargue is a region of France located south of Arles, between the Mediterranean sea and the two arms of the Rhône delta. The eastern arm is called the Grand Rhône; the western arm is the Petit Rhône.
The Camargue is famous for its white horses, a particular breed that is reputed to be one of the oldest horse breeds in the world. Although some are semi-wild, most Camargue white horses are used by traditional "cowboys" to herd black bulls.
The Camargue is home to over 400 species of birds and has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International. Its brackish ponds are one of the few European habitats for the pink flamingo.


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What tribe did the Alamo serve?
Admin September 13, 2020 Lifehacks
1 What tribe did the Alamo serve?
2 Who served at the Alamo?
3 What was the original name of the Alamo What did it serve as?
4 Why did Spanish missions in Texas Fail?
5 Why did Mexico ban further American immigration into Texas?
6 Why did Texas want Mexican independence?
7 Why did Spanish missions fail in Texas 3 reasons?
8 Who were some famous people who died in the Alamo?
9 Who was the only man to survive the Alamo?
10 Who where famous people involved in the Alamo?
Alamo Mission in San Antonio
Native tribe(s) Spanish name(s) Coahuiltecans
Governing body Texas General Land Office
Criteria Cultural: (ii)
Who served at the Alamo?
Did anyone at the Alamo survive? Santa Anna's Mexican army killed virtually all of the roughly 200 Texans (or Texians) defending the Alamo, including their leaders, Colonels William B. Travis and James Bowie, and the legendary frontiersman Davy Crockett.
What were the people at the Alamo called?
The Battle of the Alamo In December 1835, in the early stages of Texas' war for independence from Mexico, a group of Texan (or Texian) volunteers led by George Collinsworth and Benjamin Milam overwhelmed the Mexican garrison at the Alamo and captured the fort, seizing control of San Antonio.
What was the original name of the Alamo What did it serve as?
The building in San Antonio we call the Alamo originally was built as the chapel of the Mission San Antonio de Valero. Valero mission was established at San Pedro Springs in present-day San Antonio in 1718 by Fray Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares, a Franciscan missionary of the College of Santa Cruz de Querétaro.
Why did Spanish missions in Texas Fail?
The Plains tribes resented the missionaries and their intrusion on their hunting grounds. 3. The missions were isolated and often lacked the supplies and people to survive.
What Indian tribes did San Antonio de Valero serve?
The groups originally at San Antonio de Valero included Payaya, Jarame, and Pamaya. One of the reasons these people chose to enter missions was the protection the presidios and missions offered against Apache raids.
Why did Mexico ban further American immigration into Texas?
*** In addition, many Anglo settlers traded (illegally) with Louisiana rather than with Mexico. Concerned about growing American economic and cultural influence in the region, the Mexican government passed a law banning immigration into Texas from the United States on April 6, 1830.
Why did Texas want Mexican independence?
Because slavery was illegal in Mexico, many settlers were afraid the Mexicans would not let them keep their slaves. Mexico's 1824 constitution was written around the time American settlers began arriving in Texas. It allowed Texans great freedom to rule themselves.
Is the current Alamo the original?
City archaeologists in San Antonio have made what they call a "truly miraculous" discovery – a site they believe was the original Mission San Antonio de Valero, the mission that would go on to eventually be known as the Alamo. The artifacts were found west of the current Alamo, along the San Pedro Creek.
Why did Spanish missions fail in Texas 3 reasons?
Who were some famous people who died in the Alamo?
Many people died in the Alamo, but the most famous names include Barrett, Bonham and Davy Crockett.
Who were the famous Americans in the Alamo?
James Bonham February 20, 1807 – March 6, 1836. James Bonham was an outspoken soldier in the Texas Revolution. James Bowie April 10, 1796 – March 6, 1836. James Bowie was an American pioneer, land speculator, and soldier who played a prominent role in the Texas Revolution. William Travis August 1, 1809 – March 6, 1836.
Who was the only man to survive the Alamo?
Along the way they crossed paths with another survivor, a man named Joe, who had been William Travis ' slave. While fighting alongside Travis and the other defenders, Joe was shot and bayoneted but lived, becoming the only adult male on the Texan side to survive the Alamo.
Who where famous people involved in the Alamo?
Davy Crockett , a famous frontiersman and former U.S. congressman, was the highest-profile defender to fall at the Alamo. Crockett's fate is unclear. According to Jose Enrique de la Pefia, one of Santa Anna's officers, a handful of prisoners, including Crockett, were taken after the battle and put to death.
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