text:
the selecter the happy album
Trout 8. Something went wrong. Buyer pays for return shipping, Charli XCX - Charli [CD 2019] Digipak Brand New & Sealed, VARIOUS ARTISTS - 100 GREATEST ROCK NEW CD, DWARVES - THE DWARVES INVENTED ROCK & ROLL [DIGIPAK] NEW CD, Speakeasy Collective On Audio CD Album 1994 Very Good, Love's Alright By Eddie Murphy On Audio CD Album 1994 Very Good, Beatles Complete Rooftop Concert Last Time Live DVD and CD combo, LIKE NEW GILLETTE ~ ON THE ATTACK CD ALBUM 1994 CANADA 1st ED. Ladders. I Want Justice 7. Album Hairspray. The Happy Album, an album by The Selecter on Spotify. $8.99. Copyright © 1995-2020 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. The Selecter The Happy Album NEW CD Triple X Records 1994. Recruiting his friends Charley Anderson on bass and Desmond Brown on keyboards, Davies filled out the lineup with guitarist Compton Amanor, Charley "H" Bembridge on drums, and vocalist Arthur "Gaps" Hendrickson; when Davies met Pauline Black, he promptly gave her an audition, and she was added to the lineup as lead singer. Selecter ~ Happy Album Track Listings Disc: 1 1. The Selecter se fait connaître du public avec le titre On My Radio, en novembre 1979.Dans la foulée sort leur premier album Too Much Pressure sous le label 2-Tone. L'année 1980 est marquée par le succès des titres Three Minute Hero et Missing Words.. Leur deuxième album Celebrate the Bullet sort en 1981.C'est au cours de cette année que le groupe se sépare. 4.0 out of 5 stars. At the peak of their success, the Selecter were filmed on tour for Dance Craze, 2-Tone's documentary about the British ska revival, but the first proper lineup began to crumble when Charley Anderson and Desmond Brown left to form their own band, the People. Debbie Davies/Loose Tonight/1994 CD Album, Esther Phillips/Confessin' The Blues/1994 CD Album, NEIL YOUNG...FOR THE TURNTABLES 1994 PROMO CD ALBUM SAM1310 VERY RARE, Shingetsu/Akai Me No Kagami/1994 CD Album. Mother Knows Best 10. Please enter a number less than or equal to 1. California Screaming 6. Get the item you ordered or get your money back. The new Selecter released an album, 1992's Out on the Streets, but not long after its release, Davies had left the group, and "Gaps" Hendrickson came aboard in 1993, in time to help cut 1994's The Happy Album. Whip Them Down 3. $7.99. were generally more uncharacteristically sunny and lightweight. One of the key bands of the U.K. ska revival of the late '70s and early '80s, the Selecter were also one of the few racially and sexually integrated acts on the scene, and vocalist Pauline Black often tackled sexism along with racism and the other social ills focused upon by groups that were part of the 2-Tone movement. There's a problem loading this menu right now. Prime members enjoy FREE Delivery and exclusive access to music, movies, TV shows, original audio series, and Kindle books. An item in used but good condition. Reviewed in the United States on April 13, 2015. Second Hand and New. View cart for details. Find The Selecter discography, albums and singles on AllMusic. Black worked in music and as an actress before the enduring popularity of the 2-Tone sound led her to assemble a new lineup of the Selecter with Davies in 1991. There are 1 items available. Sweet And Dandy 4. Free shipping . The Largest Collection in Germany. The Selecter's debut album, Too Much Pressure, was released in early 1980, and rose to number five on the U.K. album chart, eventually receiving a gold record. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. Happy album (1994). Selecter ~ Happy Album Customer reviews. Find The Selecter discography, albums and singles on AllMusic ... full condensed blue highlight denotes album pick Filter Discography By Albums Compilations Singles & EPs DVDs & Videos All. Top subscription boxes – right to your door, © 1996-2020, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. Copasetic 9. For additional information, see the Global Shipping Program. Please try again. The new Selecter released an album, 1992's Out on the Streets, but not long after its release, Davies had left the group, and "Gaps" Hendrickson came aboard in 1993, in time to help cut 1994's The Happy Album. ~ Mark Deming. Die Happy Lyrics. Second Hand and New. - eBay Money Back Guarantee - opens in new window or tab, This amount includes applicable customs duties, taxes, brokerage and other fees. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. Video game instructions are included. The group supported the release with an extensive tour of the U.K., Europe, and Australia. Albums include Too Much Pressure, Gangsters / The Selecter, and On My Radio / Too Much Pressure. With the addition of keyboard player James Mackie and Adam Williams on bass, the Selecter began work on their second album, but 1981's Celebrate the Bullet was welcomed with tepid reviews and poor sales, and Black left to pursue a solo career, with the band soon breaking up after a new vocalist didn't work out. No fuzzy/snowy frames on VHS tape. The cover art and liner notes are included for a CD. Copyright © 2020 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Product details. Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in. This amount is subject to change until you make payment. In 2006, Black left the Selecter, and for a while Davies toured with his own edition of the group. Die Happy The Selecter. The Selecter discography and songs: Music profile for The Selecter, formed 1977. Good CD with a nice mix of songs. The Selecter originally began as a studio project: when the Specials released their debut single, "Gangsters," in 1979, they needed a second song for a B-side, and they decided to use a track that Specials drummer John Bradbury had previously recorded with guitarist Neol Davies and trombone player Barry Jones in 1977; the tune, "Kingston Affair," was credited to the Selecter. Genres: 2 Tone, Ska. No skipping on CD/DVD. Listen to Three Minute Hero by The Selecter. Share on Facebook - opens in a new window or tab, Share on Twitter - opens in a new window or tab, Share on Pinterest - opens in a new window or tab. Happy album (1994). For additional information, see the Global Shipping Program, This amount includes applicable customs duties, taxes, brokerage and other fees. Unable to add item to List. On Point By House of Pain CD Single Da Beatminerz UK Remix / Album Version 1994. 4 out of 5. No additional import charges at delivery! Audio CD (August 23, 1994) Number of Discs: 1; Close up the candy store, pull down the blinds No problems anymore, everything's fine Throw out the papers, the color TV Any international shipping and import charges are paid in part to Pitney Bowes Inc. International shipping and import charges paid to Pitney Bowes Inc. International shipping paid to Pitney Bowes Inc. Any international shipping is paid in part to Pitney Bowes Inc. 30 day returns. 'Big In the Body-Small In the Mind' - Single. Reselecterization 2. This item will be shipped through the Global Shipping Program and includes international tracking. Will usually ship within 2 business days of receiving cleared payment. The Selecter were soon added to the 2-Tone Records roster, and scaled the U.K. singles charts with the singles "Three Minute Hero," "On My Radio," and "Missing Words." With Made in Britain in 2011, the band "wanted to have a conversation basically about where The Selecter was at, where we were at in relation to 2 … This amount is subject to change until you make payment. Historique. Neurotica 5. After receiving the item, contact seller within. On Audio CD 1994, Epicure By Eat On Audio CD Album 1994 X13, Moment By Lalah Hathaway On Audio CD Album 1994 Very Good. When "Gangsters" became a hit and "Kingston Affair" began gaining its share of attention, Davies opted to assemble a proper band using the name. 5 star 0% (0%) 0% 4 star 100% (100%) 100% 3 star 0% (0%) 0% 2 star 0% (0%) 0% 1 star 0% (0%) 0% How does Amazon calculate star ratings? May have minor damage to jewel case including scuffs or cracks, or to the item cover including scuffs, scratches, or cracks. Seller assumes all responsibility for this listing. See the seller's listing for full details and description of any imperfections. our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. Join Napster and play your favorite music offline. RARE short man, Labour Of Love By Frente On Audio CD Album 1994, Marvin The Album By Frente! It might not blow the top of your head off with ecstasy, but it's a 'happy' addition to the Selecter selections. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don't use a simple average. Black and Hendrickson began performing again as the Selecter in 2010, and in 2015 they released a new album, Subculture, a commanding fusion of reggae and ska that rose to number five on the U.K. indie album chart.
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the selecter the happy album 2020


Sixth-grade students will take world language and arts in middle school in September.
Get the early scoop on next year's program for sixth grade in middle school as details emerge.
The developing program for sixth grade in middle school aligns curriculum with our strategic goals, staff and family input and classroom resources. Our strategic goals are driving the final decisions.
Members of a transition steering committee meet monthly to fine-tune plans for sixth grade in middle school.
General sixth-grade schedules will include math, science, language arts, social studies, physical education, world language and arts.
For the first time, all sixth-grade students will take world language. This change is a huge step toward our strategic plan goal for all students to graduate bilingual and biliterate.
All sixth-grade students also will be enrolled in an arts class. This may include dance, media arts, music, theatre or visual arts. This is more arts instruction time than sixth-grade students currently get in elementary school.
Sixth grade in middle school will include after-school sports opportunities. More details will be available soon.
Middle school principals and staff now are working on what the sixth-grade daily schedule will look like based on the program decisions. Stay tuned as we finalize the details of this transition.
More family meetings will be planned in late 2018 and spring 2019 to share information and connect with incoming sixth-grade families.


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About Department
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Last Updated on : Monday, Jun 17 2019 1:03PM
The Community Participation Unit
Community participation was an integral part of construction activities under Netherlands Assisted Projects. The responsibility of community participation activities, under Netherlands Assisted Projects was entrusted to M/S PSU Foundation by Royal Netherlands Embassy. But the agreement with PSU Foundation was terminated in Sept. 1997 and responsibility of community participation activities was assigned another agency M/S JPS Associates. But agreement of this agency was also terminated and due to this the progress of works under Netherlands Assisted Projects was suffering.
In view of this UP Jal Nigam, on request of Royal Netherlands Embassy, in October 1998, submitted a proposal to carry out the Community Participation activities. The proposal was accepted by Royal Netherlands Embassy.
Subsequently UP Jal Nigam in Feb 1999, created Community Participation Unit, vide Managing Director, U. P. Jal Nigam's office order no. 421/pra-1/Mukhyalaya Stha (purva) /98 dated 22.02.99 for carrying community participation activities in Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation projects. This unit started work in June 1999. The unit was put under the administrative control of Chief Engineer (Dutch), U. P. Jal Nigam, Lucknow. Later on in view of growing importance of community participation in development projects, this unit was named as Community Participation Cell. U.P.
After completion of Netherlands funded Rural Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Programme in Uttar Pradesh, the unit was entrusted to carryout UNICEF assisted programmes in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Presently in addition to UNICEF assisted programmes Community Participation Unit is also implementing works related to "Water Quality Survey" and "National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance Prograrmme" in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Staffing Pattern
Presently the Community Participation Unit is working under administrative control of Director State H. R. D. Cell. The unit is headed by a Joint Director in the rank of Executive Engineer with the staff of 4 Deputy Directors (Assistant Engineer), 1 Assistant Director (Junior Engineer) along with 7 Field Officers (Junior Engineer) and other supporting ministerial staff.
Activities of Community Participation Unit
To fulfil the delineated objectives following activities were taken up by the Cell.
Dutch Assisted SUB PROJECT VI (II) & VIII on Rural Water Supply
Experience gained over a period of nearly two decades of the Netherlands funded Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Programme in Uttar Pradesh has led to the inclusion of the community participation component (CPC) in the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project as it is very important for its sustainability. The importance of this has also been highlighted in RGNDWM, Government of India's Guidelines 1999, wherein States are being encouraged to institutionalize community-based rural water supply and sanitation programmes, which secure active participation of beneficiaries and the Village Panchayats to plan, execute, own, operate and maintain rural water supply & sanitation facilities.
As mentioned above, Community Participation activities were taken up in water supply projects for the first time in 1986 Under Dutch assisted projects. While implementation of hardware was taken up by U. P. Jal Nigam, the community related works such as Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II), Review of Corrective Intervention in existing Hand Pumps, Formation & Trainings of Ward Committees and Collection of Beneficiaries Contribution towards capital cost etc. were taken care of by Project Support Unit (PSU), which was established by Dutch embassy for assisting U. P. Jal Nigam. However, when the contract of PSU was terminated in 1997, U. P. Jal Nigam established Community Participation Unit to facilitate community participation activities in districts Siddarth Nagar under Dutch Sub Project-VI(B) and in district Aligarh, Badaun, Ballia, Kanpur Dehat Moradabad and Unnao. The details of activities taken up is as below:-
Siddhartha Nagar Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 1840 H/Ps. 1840
Review of Corrective Intervention in existing Hand Pumps 2687 H/Ps 3876
Formation & Trainings of Ward Committees . - 2709 Nos
Collection of Beneficiaries Contribution -
Water Quality testing of Hand Pumps (IM II) 3876 H/P 3130
Dutch Assisted Sub Projects VIII
Aligarh Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 2625 H/Ps 2566
Formation & Trainings of Ward Committees
Caretaker/ Cluster Level Mechanic Trainings for H/Ps. 2566 H/P 2397
Badaun Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 2228 H/P 2166
Review of Corrective Intervention in existing Hand Pumps 2358 H/P 2208
Formation & Trainings of Ward Committees - 3666
Ballia Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 2293 H/P 2293
Formation & Trainings of Ward Committees - 3213 Nos.
Kanpur Dehat Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 3213 H/P 3213
Moradabad Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 3085 H/P 2963
Unnao Site Selection for installation of New Hand Pumps (IM II) 1982 H/P 1987
World Bank Assisted SWAJAL Project of Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation
Community Participation Unit has also work as Support Organization (SO) for 26 villages in district Lalitpur. Under the Planning Phase of the project activities such as formation & Trainings of VWSC, Finalisation of Water Supply Options in consultation with the community, Collection of community contribution for water supply system, Households Sanitery Latrine, Soakpits, Compost Pit and Drainage etc have been taken up. Preparation of Community Action Plan (CAP) and Detailed Project Report (DPR) was also carried out for these villages as Support Organization.Under the Implementation Phase of the project activities of VWSC Training, Facilitation of VWSC for construction of various components according to DPR & CAP, and capacity building of community for operation and maintenance of W/S Sources etc were taken up.
Collection of Community Contribution for Installation of Handpumps
Uttar Pradesh was first state in India to cover all the 253508 habitation of state, with water supply as per the norms of one safe water source for every 250 person. After achieving this, it was decided that the work of providing one safe water source for every 150 persons, on demand responsive approach. Under this approach community was required to make contribution equivalent to 10%of capital cost of water supply system. In the initial stage of the programme mobilisation of community for making 10% contribution was difficult, because of the community's perception that providing water supply is the sole responsibility of Govt agencies. To facilitate the district units of U.P.Jal Nigam, Community Participation Unit took the responsibility to institutionalise the process of community mobilisation. Collection of 10% community contribution towards capital cost for Installation of India Mark –II Hand Pumps in 19 Blocks of 9 Districts have been done by Community Participation cell as below:
No. of IM-II Hand Pumps for which contribution collected
Amount of Community contribution collected and deposited in local unit of UP Jal Nigam
Varanasi, Ballia, Raebareli, Gonda, Badaun, Barabanki, Lalitpur and Lakhimpur 185 385000.00
UNICEF Assisted Works
Promotion of Sanitation through Alternate Delivery System (ADS)
Mass awareness campaign on environmental sanitation was carried out in the eight blocks of District-Allahabad for motivating the rural community to construct low cost latrines for individual houses. Under the project 2068 Households have been motivated to install Low Cost Sanitary Latrines made of Ferro- Cement Squatting platforms, without any subsidy.
Four production Centers for producing Low Cost Sanitation facilities such as Ferro- Cement Squatting Platforms has been established under the project. These production centers provide Ferro-cement sanitary installations to beneficiaries on payment.
DFID-UNICEF assisted "Child Environment Project (CEP)"
DFID-UNICEF assisted "Child Environment Program" on Water Supply, Environmental Sanitation, Health & Hygiene is being implemented in two blocks of three districts of Badaun, Balrampur and Lalitpur. Works of Child's Environment Project are being carried out in following four phases
Preplanning Phase
O&M and Withdrawal Phase
Aim of the project is to create awareness for Safe Water, Environmental Sanitation and Personal Hygiene in the community and to build its capacity for developing and maintaining water and Sanitation facilities at villages level through participatory process. Through the activities carried out under the Child's Environment Project, this cell has facilitated the community to prepare. Gram Panchayat Environment Plan (GPEP) in 150-Gram Panchayats. The GPEP contains following nine components:
Improvement in Water Supply Systems
Environment Sanitation
Source development and Water Management
Empowerment of women
Inter sectoral co-ordination
Institutional development and capacity building at grass root level
Hygiene education
School sanitation
Community based monitoring and evaluation
The phase wise progress of works is shown in following table
District/ Phase
No. of Gram Panchayats taken up
Badaun, Laltpur & Balrampur
1 Preplanning Phase 333 Gram Panchayats in 6 Blocks Strengthening of Water management Committees, Formation and training of Mothers Group, Village Communication Team, Multi Sectoral Team etc.
2 Planning Phase 150 Gram Panchayats in 6 Blocks 150 GPEPs prepared.
3 Implementation Phase 30 Gram Panchayats in 6 Blocks Implementation of 30 GPEPs including following works is being taken up-
1. IM-II HP 140 Nos
2. Household Sanitary Latrines 871 Nos
3. Soak Pit 788 Nos
4 O&M Phase 30 Gram Panchayats in 6 Blocks Training and Orientation of WMC for Community Based Maintenance of Water Supply and Sanitation System
Urban initiative in urban slums of Allahabad
Community Participation Unit has carried out a project of awareness development with the help of UNICEF in 143 urban slums of district Allahabad. CARE Allahabad was carrying out a programme on reproductive health in all the slums of Allahabad under its Aashara Project. During the implementation of project it was felt that if the resource group under Aashara Project where trained on water and sanitation issues then the they can use there knowledge in training the target groups which may in turn increase the effectiveness of reproductive health education because use of safe water and sanitary facilities will contribute to better reproductive health and reduce the chances of infections caused in the reproductive organs due to unsanitary conditions.
It was also felt by the care team that if the benefactors where trained as mechanics and caretakers then their enhanced incomes may help them in supporting the desired interventions for their improved reproductive health. Normally for dissemination of knowledge following groups have been established by the care team:
Women Health Worker (WHW)
Male Health Worker (MHW)
Trained Birth Attendant (TBA)
The training modules were developed to include water and sanitation issues in the on going trainings programmes.
The unit has carried out following programmes-
Training of hand pump mechanics
Training of hand pump caretakers
Base line survey for establishing the bench mark
Knowledge, aptitude and perception (KAP) study for evalution of awareness and training programmes
Training for water quality surveillance at community level
Training of women care takers/ Watsan Users Group (WUG)
Government is providing safe water supply to usage through its agencies by installing India Marked hand pumps. It is well known that India Marked-II Hand Pumps are the safest and most commonly available source of drinking water, but due to unawareness majority of community still uses traditional unsafe sources. Poor maintenance and lack of trained persons at the community level leads to frequent break down of hand pumps and also results into prolonged down time forcing the community to revert back to unsafe sources. By training the groups in the slums as mechanics/ caretakers, the effective down time was substantially reduced and which resulted into reduced burden of illness caused by water borne diseases on the slum dwellers. It is generally felt that the women being a main users of water training them as caretakers and mechanics may prove more effective. In view of this it was decided that mostly women should be selected as care takers and mechanics. To full fill this object organisation carried out training of women caretakers. In this work shop 60 women were trained for preventive maintenance of hand pumps through community participation.
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission sponsored project for Intensive Awareness Campaign through Information, Education and Communication
The Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) has been concerned with the supply of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities to all habitations in the country. Community's perception of health and hygiene play important role in implementing the projects of safe drinking water and proper environmental sanitation. These basic amenities have to be provided at cost-effective norms with scope of adequate operation and maintenance at the local level. Over the last decade the Mission has successfully covered the majority of habitations with the safe source that is Hand Pumps and Tap Stand Posts, compared to this, the sanitation coverage has been rather very low in the country. It has been realised that the objective of supplying safe water would not be achieved unless the sanitary and hygiene aspects are addressed simultaneously.
Though substantial progress has been achieved in the sector of community water supply, health benefits have not been commensurate with the investment made, primarily because of following five factors.
People are not fully aware about the linkages of water supply and sanitation with the health.
There has been lack of participation of people, particularly women
Lack of institutional arrangement for O&M of WATSAN facilities at village/ community level
Surveillance of water quality has been totally neglected.
Many of the grass root level workers and users know that several diseases are caused due to poor quality of drinking water and unhygienic condition of the village, but they are at loss to understand as to how to determine quality of drinking water and solve the unsanitary condition of the problem villages. In order to achieve success in the aforesaid directions, it is necessary to provide the grass root workers and beneficiaries with sufficient knowledge about quality, importance of safe water and environmental sanitation, linkages of unsafe water and unhygienic conditions with the human and animal health living together in the village community.
However it is now recognised that the objective of supply in safe water and providing sanitation facilities cannot be achieved unless the community is mobilised to manage the water and sanitation systems set up by the Mission, State Government and other agencies. And also, sanitation should not view merely as construction of latrines but as a package of seven components including:
Collection, storage and handling of drinking water
Safe disposal of human excreta
Disposal of liquid waste
Home sanitation and food hygiene
Personal hygiene (including hand washing)
Appropriate disposal of Solid Waste.
Community and Neighborhood Sanitation (Environmental Hygiene)
The amendment in State Panchayats Act in view of the 73rd Constitutional amendment has given powers to the village Panchayats to function as self-government. Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) have been entrusted with the responsibility of formulation, implementation of the programmes of development and social justice. The responsibility of Gram Panchayat, therefore, includes sectoral planning. The PRIs must know how to plan, implement and maintain simple basic services on sustainable basis. Several water and sanitation facilities installed in the villages are under- utilised for want of care, maintenance and proper operation at village level. Most of the water and sanitation problems in the village arise not due to the technology failures but due to non-participation of the community or Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs). Now, the decentralisation of power to the PRIs has been made to look after the water supply, sanitation, health, education and other developmental activities in the village. Therefore, the communities and the PRIs need to be oriented and sensitized for better management of the facilities and integrated development of the communities in rural sector.
To fulfill the above objectives it was proposed to carry out intensive awareness campaign in the rural areas of the state. Four districts viz; Banda, Mahamaya Nagar (Hathras), Raebareli and Varanasi were selected for the first phase as per the direction from Government of India, Ministry of Rural Development, Rajeev Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, Water Supply Department, New Delhi to the State Government vide letter no. W-11043 / 25 / 2000 – Media dated January 12, 2001.
For implementation of the project Regional Institute of Rural Development (RIRD), Raebareli, Polytechnic Band, and District Institute of Education and Training Varanasi and Hathras were given the responsibility of District coordinating agency, in the respective districts as per the advise of Their District Magistrate. In these four districts activities of formation, strengthening and training of Water Management Committees along with the mass awareness campaign by use of inter personal media i.e. village contact drives, folk media, nukkad nataks, puppet shows, folk dances, lok geet, wall writing, hoardings, posters, etc. has been carried out..
SURVEY FOR STATUS OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY IN RURAL HABITATIONS OF UTTAR PRADESH
For the effective implementation of Rural Water Supply Programme, availability of basic information is an essential pre-requisite. The first nation wide rural habitation survey to assess the rural drinking water supply coverage status was conducted through the State Governments in the year 1991. The results were revalidated during 1993-94, verified in 1996-97 and updated in the year 1999-2000. In consonance with the National Agenda for Governance of the Government of India, the Rural Water Supply programme aimed at providing drinking water to all rural habitation by the end of the year 2003-2004. Keeping this in view, it was felt in different forum including in the State Ministers' Conference on Rural drinking Water Supply held on 19-20 October 2001 that a fresh survey may be conducted to ascertain the exact position of the status of the rural habitations with regard to availability of drinking water and the result of which could form the basis for developing future strategies for the programme. The objective of the survey was to ascertain reliable information
On the status of drinking water supply in rural habitations, and rural schools
On the water sources tested for quality problem, details of existing safe drinking water supply system in such quality affected habitations.
Community Participation was entrusted with the responsibility of carrying out this survey in coordination with district units of U.P.Jal Nigam and District Administration. Detailed planning was done for proper conduct of the survey in the desired time frame. Following main activities were carried out for the Survey:
PRINTING OF SURVEY FORMAT :
Every habitation in the rural areas was to be covered by the survey A set of formats (Part-I & II) for collection of data from rural habitations was printed and provided to all the districts. The instructions/ guidelines for carrying out the works were also provided in sufficient numbers.
Since this survey involved understanding of technical terms, a very comprehensive training on all aspects of the Survey and the data to be collected for all those involved in the training was essential. The number and the type of people required at the field level was assessed and three levels of training were organized for them:
In the first level, the State and District level authorities i.e. officers in charge at the State level, District Collector, Superintending Engineer/ Executive Engineer etc. were trained to familiarize them with the format and the various activities to be undertaken. These trained personnel were utilized for the second level of training.
The second level trainings included Assistant Executive Engineers, Sub-Divisional Officers, Junior Engineers, representatives of Panchayat Raj Institutions, line Departments, and Voluntary Organizations etc.
For the third level of training was for operational level functionaries like the Work-Assistants, Health Workers, representatives of the Non-Government Organizations etc.
Collection of Data:
Field teams consisting of field staff of U.P.Jal Nigam were constituted for collection of data from field on the survey formats. The data collected from the habitations for each census village was arranged serially following the census code number of census villages within each block and serially for the blocks as per the census code number of Blocks within each district. The data was compiled on the software at district level and sent to the State headquarters for processing and preparation of the report.
The survey was completed in October 2004 and the data was sent to Rajiv Gandhi National Rural Drinking Water Mission, New Delhi for necessary action.
UNICEF Assisted project for " Study of Arsenic in Ground Water of Uttar Pradesh"
Arsenic problem in Uttar Pradesh was first reported in 2003, following a study conducted by School of Environmental Studies, Jadhavpur University (SOES-JU) in Ballia district. Jal Nigam has also got 52 samples from Ballia, tested in 2004. These 52 samples were from India Mark-II hamdpumps (41 samples), shallow handpump and tube-well. Out of 41 samples from India Mark-II hamdpumps, only three sources were found to contain arsenic above 50 µg/l.
Also, after the results of study of arsenic in Nepal came to light, SIIR/UNICEF conducted a study during 2003-04 in 8 districts of Uttar Pradesh, bordering Nepal (i.e. in Pilibhit, Lakhimpur Kheri, Baharaich, Shravasti, Balrampur, Siddharth Nagar, Maharajganj, and Kushinagar) and 2 non-border districts (Lucknow and Unnao).
On the basis of the findings of above studies, it was felt that the testing for Arsenic should be taken up in the state to identify the prevalence of Arsenic contamination in ground water of Uttar Pradesh. Accordingly, an action plan was developed with support from UNICEF, and, the work of arsenic testing and mitigation was taken up in phased manner. Under the first phase, works of Arsenic Testing and Mitigation were taken up in 2 districts, namely Ballia and Lakhimpur Kheri.. Unicef is providing, support to carry out its activities.
Field Testing by use of Field Test Kits
For the first tier, National Chemical Laboratory (NCL, Pune) approved Field test kits are being used for field-testing for arsenic in Uttar Pradesh. These can test for arsenic in the range 10-110 µg/l, and have a relatively small random error at 50 mg/l. All the samples collected from sources will be tested by FTK.
Use of UV Spectrophotometers
For the 2nd-tier testing at district level, it is planned to make use of UV spectrophotometers.
Use of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)
At the 3rd-tier level, water samples are being tested at ITRC, Lucknow on Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), using FI-AAS-HG technique, for validating field test results, on 10 per cent sampling basis.
Phase-I
Under the Phase-I of Project testing for Arsenic contamination in ground water of Ballia and Lakhimpur districts have been completed
Results of arsenic testing by Field Test Kits (FTKs).
Under the project initially, screening testing has been done in Lakhimpur Kheri and Ballia to identify the "hot Spots" in the study districts. As per the project proposal, in habitations where 10 or<10 water="" sources="" exist="" sample="" from="" 1="" source="" and="" habitations="" where="">10 water sources exist sample from 2 sources were tested by field test kits.
This testing represents approximately 15 to 20% of the available government water sources in rural areas. It has been assessed as being effective at determining the distribution of arsenic in the districts and locating arsenic 'hotspot' villages Testing is complete in Ballia and ongoing in Lakhimpur Kheri. The results of screening testing were as follows:
Total Testing
Up to 10 ppb
10 ppb- 40 ppb
Above 50 ppb
Ballia 5,651 4,159 1,108 138 246
Kheri 5,064 3,270 1,591 99 104
Total 10,715 7,429 2,699 237 350
The results of testing by Field Test Kits are not very accurate; therefore these results are used to identify the "hot spots". For more accurate testing of arsenic two UV Spectrophotometers, one at Ballia and another one at Lakhimpur Kheri district laboratory have been provided by UNICEF.
Phase-II
Under the Phase-II of the project following works have been undertaken:
Further testing in districts Ballia and Lakhimpur Kheri:
In identified arsenic 'hotspot' villages further and blanket testing of government sources was conducted to determine the true extent and magnitude of arsenic contamination of shallow groundwater. Blanket testing in Ballia and Lakhimpur Kheri was conducted in the following manner:
All Govt sources of those blocks where during screening more than 10% of sources tested were found to have arsenic >50 ppb, were tested for arsenic.
All Govt sources of those habitations of remaining blocks where during screening even a single sample was found to have arsenic >50 ppb, were tested for arsenic.
Blanket testing was conducted using the Field Test Kits. All the sources reported to have arsenic>50 ppb, were tested by spectrophotometers. Sample sites were located using the Geo Positioning System (GPS) units.
The results of blanket testing were as follows:
10 ppb - 40 ppb
Kheri 3,378 1679 1139 154 406
Total 7878 3775 2330 492 1281
Determining the scale of the problem in other potential districts
Arsenic 'hotspots' are generally found near to the major rivers of UP and the distribution of arsenic in groundwater in Ballia and Lakhimpur Kheri appears to correlate to the geologically youngest geomorphic units identified by the Geological Survey of India on their 'Geomorphological Map of India, First Edition, 2002'. Specifically these are: Unit F17b - Present floodplains; and Unit F22 - Riverine terraces. Unit F17c: Older alluvial plains seem to be free from arsenic on initial inspection. On the basis of this occurrence of arsenic in groundwater in 49 more districts of state was suspected. Under Phase-II of the project, UNICEF supported screening testing in these 49 districts.
Screening Testing in 49 districts is in progress. Results of testing work done so far is given in Annexure-I. So for out of 92895 samples tested in these 49 districts, only 979 drinking water samples from 48 blocks of 18 districts of have been found with Arsenic content > 50ppb. Results of Arsenic Testing in 49 Districts is given in the following table:
No of Total HPs tested
Upto 10 ppb
1 Saharanpur 4 661 2 0 0 0
2 MUZAFFARNAGAR 6 684 0 0 0 0
3 MEERUT 2 208 0 0 0 1
4 BAGHPAT 4 344 0 3 0 0
5 GHAZIABAD 2 165 0 0 0 0
6 G B NAGAR 3 462 0 0 0 0
7 BULANDSHAHR 4 558 0 0 0 0
8 MORADABAD 4 654 95 84 11 8
9 BIJNOR 7 1917 209 248 7 3
10 J P NAGAR 4 760 0 0 0 0
11 RAMPUR 4 1112 0 0 0 0
12 ALIGARH 3 596 0 0 0 0
13 MATHURA 8 1500 0 0 0 0
14 ETAH 3 723 0 0 0 0
15 BUDAUN 11 1890 6 2 0 0
16 BAREILLY 9 1571 171 224 14 22
17 PILIBHIT 7 1647 112 55 0 0
18 SHAHJAHANPUR 9 1193 76 147 12 3
19 SITAPUR 7 3831 3660 170 1 0
20 HARDOI 10 3273 0 0 0 0
21 LUCKNOW 5 1558 0 0 0 0
22 UNNAO 10 2681 0 23 4 11
23 RAE BARELI 10 4477 1 1 0 1
24 BARABANKI 8 1700 81 72 0 0
25 FAIZABAD 5 2444 55 47 7 0
26 AMBEDKAR NAGAR 4 2330 15 12 0 0
27 SULTANPUR 11 4007 100 0 0 0
28 KANPUR NAGAR 2 431 0 1 1 0
29 FARRUKHABAD 5 1726 0 0 0 0
30 KANNAUJ 3 1245 0 0 0 0
31 BAHRAICH 10 6509 769 1530 729 766
32 GONDA 9 7071 120 142 15 4
33 BALRAMPUR 7 2108 605 79 1 1
34 SIDDHARTH NAGAR 7 1899 79 133 18 16
35 BASTI 6 3104 376 215 17 12
36 SANT KABEER NAGAR 1 292 0 46 2 7
37 MAHARAJGANJ 1 199 0 0 0 0
38 GORAKHPUR 11 4218 121 230 31 50
39 DEORIA 7 1426 0 0 0 0
40 MAU 3 1509 0 0 0 0
41 FATEHPUR 5 1682 0 0 0 0
42 ALLAHABAD 13 2140 0 0 0 0
43 KAUSHAMBI 6 1415 1415 0 0 0
44 PRATAPGARH 2 1490 0 0 0 0
45 VARANASI 5 1309 0 0 0 0
46 CHANDAULI 4 1460 19 13 4 12
47 GHAZIPUR 9 3923 1115 171 43 52
48 SANT RAVIDAS NAGAR 2 1198 4 10 1 7
49 MIRZAPUR 8 3595 23 60 40 3
Total 290 92895 9229 3718 958 979
Provision of safe water sources for arsenic affected population have been
On the basis of blanket testing, 321 rural habitations in District-Ballia and 165 rural habitations in distt- Lakhimpur Kheri has been identified to be affected by Arsenic contamination.
In habitations, where all hand pumps within a reasonable distance are arsenic-contaminated and no alternative arsenic-safe source of water exists new are being provided. For the arsenic-contaminated areas alternative arsenic-safe source of water is proposed to be provided by
Installing deeper IM-II hand pumps, by tapping a deeper third layer beyond 70-100 metres below ground level, which is found to be arsenic-free.
Through piped water supply schemes by utilizing surface water from rivers, lakes, ponds, which is normally free from arsenic contamination.
Presently, in district Lakhimpur Kheri, for the habitations already identified to have arsenic contamination in their existing sources following mitigation measures are being taken up with UNICEF/GoUP funds:
As a short to medium term measure 250 extra deep handpump wells in district Ballia at a cost of Rs 95.05 lacs and 50 extra deep handpump wells in district Lakhimpur Kheri has at a cost of Rs 29.69 lacs been installed in the habitations already identified to have Arsenic contamination in their existing sources. Scheme for installation of 25 extra deep hand pumps for 21 Arsenic affected habitations at the cost of Rs. 11.98 lacs have also been approved, work on which will be taken up shortly.
7 piped water supply scheme covering 57 habitations of district Ballia amounting to Rs. 458.34 lacs and 5 piped water supply scheme covering 36 habitations of district Lakhimpur Kheri amounting to Rs. 449.32 have been approved by the state government..
DRINKING WATER QUALITY SURVEY IN RURAL HABITATIONS OF UTTAR PRADESH (Ph-II)
A proposal for Survey of Drinking Water Quality of all the sources in all the Rural Habitations of those blocks, where water was found to contain impurities during first phase of survey carried out in the year 2001, amounting to Rs. 2631.53 lakhs was prepared as per the directives received vide DO letter no. W-11016 / 2 / 99 - TM II dated 16.03.00 of Joint Secretary GoI, Ministry of Rural Development, New Delhi (Annexure-I). The proposal was approved by the State Level Source Finding and Technical Committees in its meeting on 08.04.05 and accordingly it was submitted to Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission for financial assistance.
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, after scrutiny of the proposal suggested some modifications in it. Accordingly the proposal for Water quality Survey in Uttar Pradesh (Phase-II) has been revised proposal as per the instructions received from Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, GoI vide letter no 11037/02/2005-TM-II dated 19.10.05.
NEED FOR WATER QUALITY SURVEY:
Water plays a vital role in ecosystems that sustain human life and is pivotal to sustainable development. The lack of access to safe water, its pollution and over-exploitation are amongst the most serious environmental problems affecting society, with even more serious repercussions for future generations. Rapid population growth, urbanisation and industrialisation are placing increasing pressure on water quantity and quality. It is estimated that by 2025 two thirds of the world's population will be living under water scarce conditions. It will be the major impediment to development in many regions.
In recent years some of the gains made in the provision of safe water are being threatened by over-extraction and environmental pollution. In many regions, sources of water traditionally available in abundance for domestic use are now disappearing. Parallel to the over-exploitation of water is an alarming increase in the pollution of water from industry and agriculture, and from other sources. As a result, some hand pumps, which once provided clean water, are now abandoned because ground water depletion has aggravated water quality problems. Some areas of the state are affected by excess salinity, fluoride, nitrate and arsenic in the ground water and microbial contamination making it unfit for human consumption. This is necessitating to either abandon the low cost hand pump based system and to undertake costly and complicated piped water supply schemes or to concentrate their efforts on the exploitation of groundwater from different depths.
Consumers, and most of all the poorly educated and uneducated, are, to a large extent, are unable to link their health problems with the quality of water they are consuming. This is despite the fact that a large share of public health problems are directly related to quality of water consumed. In the best of cases consumers are aware, but in the absence of means to judge the safety of drinking water themselves, aspects of water quality that they are able to perceive with their own senses affect their attitude towards drinking water. It is natural, therefore, for them to regard with grave suspicion water that appears dirty or discoloured or that has an unpleasant taste or smell, even though these characteristics may not in themselves be of any direct consequence to their health. An unfortunate but possible outcome thus is that water, safe from the point of view of health, is rejected on aesthetic grounds, and perhaps an alternative source of water, though unsafe from health point of view, is accepted because it is aesthetically acceptable, thereby leading to grave implications for health.
Water Quality in the Rural Drinking Water Supply has emerged as a major issue. Water Quality problems have persisted for so long now and have to be given top priority if complete coverage is desired. Drinking water problem is not only in terms of availability of quantity but also quality of the water available. Rural drinking water supply is to a large extent dependent on ground water (85%). Though ground water is less susceptible to pollution as compared to surface water, the nature of quality problem in ground water is of two types:
It is inherent in the form of contamination caused by the very nature of geological formation, viz. excess fluoride, arsenic, brackishness, iron, etc.
Ground water pollution caused by human intervention (anthropogenic) viz. nitrates. 15 per cent of the rural water supply comes from surface water sources. Major quality problem for surface water is seasonal turbidity. Water also suffers from bacteriological contamination, reasons being anthropogenic
The primary objectives of the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission is to improve the performance and cost effectiveness of rural drinking water supply programme to ensure the availability of an adequate quantity of drinking water of acceptable quality on a long term basis. This includes monitoring the quality of water after identification of problems, tackling the same by the application of science and technology to ensure that the water available is of acceptable quality and ensure that the quantity and quality of water is sustainable on a long-term basis.
In the report of working group on Water Quality Sub-Missions, some of the major objectives during the Tenth Five Year Plan have been out lined as under:
Ensuring submission of action plans by States for implementation of coverage of quality-affected habitations based on 5-10% water quality survey.
Institutionalizing community based water quality monitoring, adopting catchment area approach along with establishing appropriate institutional mechanism right from Panchayat to State headquarter level including adequate infrastructure
Refinement of removal technology to make it cost effective and user friendly and technology for safe disposal of sludge.
Propagating water harvesting and conservation on a large scale for ensuring sustainability of source.
In view of this, to provide a good basis for future planning, survey for assessment of water quality is being undertaken by the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission in two phases. Under the Phase-I of this water quality survey 27559 samples of rural water supply in the state of Uttar Pradesh were tested for fluoride, nitrate, TDS and iron in the year 2001. During this survey samples from 10885 habitations; spread over 70 districts were found 'Not Safe'. Results of the Phase-I, indicate that water quality problem exists in the water sources of all the 70 districts of the state.
SCOPE OF SURVEY:
As per the census of year 2001, there are 70 districts / 813 Blocks / 107452 villages in the state of UP. As per the habitation survey conducted in 2004, there are 260110 rural habitations in the state.
Under Phase II of the water quality survey, testing of samples of all sources, of those blocks in which any habitation was found affected by water quality problems under phase I is to be done as per the directives of GoI. Samples from 752 blocks were tested in Phase I survey, out of which 725 blocks were found to be quality affected whereas no water source was found to be affected by quality problem in remaining 27 blocks. Remaining 62 blocks were left out during the Phase first of quality survey, hence, no sample was tested from these 62 blocks.
During subsequent water quality testing, water quality affected sources were found from 8 blocks out of 27 blocks (Annexure III), which were previously reported to have no quality affected water sources during Phase I of survey.
Thus on the basis of results of Phase-I survey and subsequent testing the water quality situation in the 814 blocks of state can be summerised as below:
No testing has been done in 62 blocks.
Water sources in 733 (725+8) blocks are quality affected
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission, GoI vide letter no 11037/02/2005-TM-II dated 19.10.05 has advised GoUP to conduct the Phase-II of water quality survey in the following manner:
10% survey of all affected blocks in the districts of UP, which are suspected with arsenic contamination, with 1% of ARWSP funds.
100% survey of water sources in blocks where fluoride and salinity has been found during the Phase-I of survey, by Field Test Kits with ARWSP funds
Presently, 10% survey of all those blocks, which are suspected with arsenic contamination, has been initiated with UNICEF support. Funds from 1% ARWSP will be used to cover the balance fund requirement, if any, for this purpose.
As advised by RGNDWSM, Plan of Action was prepared for 100% survey of water sources in the blocks found affected with Fluoride and Salinity in Phase I survey as well as during subsequent testings. As per the results of Phase-I survey there are 552 Blocks in the state, in which water sources are contaminated with Fluoride and/or Salinity contamination. Consolidated list of these 552 blocks is given in Annexure V. There are 4 more blocks affected with Fluoride and/or TDS contamination, among the 8 blocks found quality affected in subsequent testing. These blocks are also being proposed to be included in the Ph-II. This way, in all, 100% testing will be carried out in 556 blocks of the state. As per the habitation survey there are approx. 9.25 Lakh sources in 1,82,913 habitations of these 556 blocks. The number of sources in these habitations may increase because of installation of more sources after the habitation survey. In view of this it is expected that approximately 9.50 lakh sources would have to be tested under the Phase-II of quality survey.
As stated above, testing was not conducted in 62 blocks of state under Phase-II of the water quality survey, therefore no information, as such, is available regarding the water quality situation in these blocks. The Principal secretary GoUP, during meeting held on 22.07.05, instructed to carry out testing of water sources on the pattern of Phase-I, in order to assess the water quality situation in these 62 blocks.
There are 7305 revenue villages in these 62 blocks. Accordingly testing of one source from each of 7305 revenue villages is proposed. This way about 7500 sources will be required to be tested as per Phase-I norms of water quality survey.
A) PARAMETERS
As per the guidelines issued by RGNDWM, a source is said to be safe if it is free from physical, chemical and bacteriological contamination and conforms to the prescribed drinking water quality standards. As per the guidelines issued by RGNDWM for conduct of habitation survey, the recommended standards for acceptability and rejection of drinking water in India by (World Health Organization) WHO and Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) is as follows:
Sl No.
Cause for Rejection
1 Turbidity (NTU) 1 10
2 Colour (Units on Platinum Cobalt scale) 5 25
3 Taste & Odour Unobjectionable Objectionable
4 pH 7 to 8.5 <6.5 or >9.2
5 *Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 500 2000
6 Total Hardness as CaCo3 (mg/l) 200 600
7 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 200 1000
8 Sulphate as SO4 (mg/l) 200 400
9 Fluorides as Fl (mg/l) 1.0 1.5
10 Nitrates as No3 (mg/l) 45 45
11 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 25 200
12 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 30 150
13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.1 1.0
14 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.05 0.5
15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) 0.05 1.5
16 Arsenic (mg/l) 0.05 0.05
* For determination of habitation with salinity problem, TDS limit as cause for rejection for rural areas is fixed at present at 1500 mg/l against the recommended limit of 2000 mg/l. According to convention, salinity is measured based on TDS characteristics. TDS has close co-relation with salinity
However, as per the guidelines for water quality survey, issued vide DO letter no. W-11016 / 2 / 99 - TM II dated 16.03.00 of Joint Secretary GoI, Ministry of Rural Development, New Delhi, under the present proposal, all the sources in affected 552 blocks, will be tested only for following parameters under phase-II of the water quality survey:
NitrateNitrate
B) FEILD TEST KITS
Field Test Kits (FTKs) have been procured and distributed to district units for use in field testing of water sources. These Field Test Kits (FTKs) are capable of testing parameters of TDS, Fluoride, Nitrate, Nitrite, Iron and Iron.
Each test kit comes with glassware and reagents required for testing of 100 samples. These FTKs can be used for testing of additional sources with the help refills, which contain reagents required for testing.
C) DETAILED ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES
100% samples of affected blocks will be tested for four parameters viz; Fluoride, Salinity, Iron and Nitrate with the help of FTKs. For detailed water quality analysis, it is proposed to test about 5% of the samples in the district level laboratory of UP Jal Nigam. Another 0.5% of the total samples tested in field are proposed to be sent to state level referral laboratory / UP Jal Nigam laboratory for validation of field/ district laboratory test reports.
UP Jal Nigam, the nodal department for water supply in the state of Uttar Pradesh is implementing this project through its district units. Local Divisions of Jal Nigam are working as Nodal Agencies in each district to complete the quality survey work.
Founding of Water Quality Survey Projects:
As per the instructions of GoI, recd vide letter no. 11037/02/2005-TM-II dated 19.10.05. this project for Water Quality Survey (Phase-II), is proposed to be carried out with ARWSP funds. The funding will be made by the GoI and GoUP in the ratio 75:25.
Guidelines on Quality Survey for the field teams, formats for recording of results and labels for sampling bottles etc have been developed by the Community Participation Unit. These will be printed in sufficient quantity for use under the project and will be provided to district units of UP Jal Nigam. The members of field teams constituted for survey work will use these during the conduct of survey. The results of testing of samples of sources will be recorded in a separate format, which will be used for data entry.
Orientation of Project Officials :
For effective implementation of the survey work, it is necessary that all the officials participating in the survey be well acquainted with the working guidelines developed for the project, the test procedure and the relevant formats for reporting of progress as well as the results of survey work. They are also required to be made aware of importance of entry of correct information in the formats and sending these to relevant higher levels in systematically arranged way.
The project officials are also to be apprised of the process of sample collection, correct use of field test kits, method filling up the data in prescribed formats etc and to properly supervise the routine activities of survey. Accordingly training has been imparted to the teams for effective implementation of survey.
Water Sample Collection & Preservation :
Proper sampling procedures is being adopted to ensure that analytical results represent the correct concentration of parameters actually present in the water sample. Representative sample collection from hand tube wells requires flushing of hand pumps to remove stagnant water. The type of the sample container, used to collect water samples, is of utmost importance along with proper preservation of samples when required.
To conduct water quality testing of all the sources in the laboratory, for identifying the safe and unsafe drinking water sources is a huge task, which would be time consuming, expensive, as the sample will have to be taken to long distances. To make the water quality testing more cost effective, simpler and faster and accurate, Field Testing Kits capable of sufficiently accurate chemical testing of water are proposed be used for conduct of survey work. This kit comprises of necessary glassware and chemicals required for chemical testing of drinking water. The chemicals of this field-testing kit when added to water sample changes its colour. The extent of presence of the chemical being observed and quantified by comparing the colour of sample with the colour comparators/ charts provided with the kit.
Date Entry At District Laval :
The results of each day's sampling are recorded in the prescribed formats. It is very important that the information is clearly entered on all forms. The date of sample collection/testing, name and signature of analyst and Gram Pradhan or other Panchayat member etc are also to be clearly recorded on the format at appropriate place. The results of the water quality tests shall be recorded on individual test report sheets and daily report sheets. At the end of each week's sampling and testing, the data should be sent to the coordinator on appropriate format, for entering into database.
Documentation & Presentation :
The initial data on prescribed formats is filled by the JE at field level. This shall be compiled for district level at Executive Engineers office and put into the database designed for this work. Chief Engineer's office will compile data of the district under its jurisdiction and will arrange to make it Commissionary wise. These data will be sent to Director, State HRD Cell, Lucknow in final shape of Hard copy & CDs.
FTKs has already been procured and work of water quality survey has been started immediately with these kits, after approval of the action plan by State level Source Finding and Technical Committees. It is proposed to complete the survey work by July 2007.
National Rural Drinking Water Monitoring & Surveillance Programme:
Rajiv Gandhi National rural drinking water mission has initiated a "National Rural Drinking Water Monitoring & Surveillance Programme" for institutionalization of drinking water quality monitoring and surveillance systems in the country. As drinking water quality monitoring, and quality surveillance are two distinct but closely related activities, requiring drinking water quality monitoring by suppliers of the drinking water and surveillance by the Health authorities, the workshop had also recommended close collaboration between drinking water supply agencies and Health authorities all over the Therefore, for cost norms, these Guidelines should be referred to for implementation of NRDWQM&SP
Monitoring and surveillance of all drinking water sources in the country by the community.
Decentralization of water quality monitoring and surveillance of all rural drinking water sources in the country.
Institutionalization of community participation and involvement of PRIs for water quality monitoring and surveillance
Generation of awareness among the rural masses about the water quality issues and the problems related to water borne diseases.
Building capacity of Panchayats to own the field test kit and take up full O&M responsibility for water quality monitoring of all drinking water sources in their respective PRI area.
Under the programme, 100 % funding is being provided for IEC activities, HRD activities, strengthening of district level laboratories, procurement of field test kits, travel & transport cost, data reporting cost, stationery cost, honorarium to district level surveillance coordinators, water testing, documentation and data entry costs to the States for strengthening water quality monitoring facilities as per approved norms for water quality monitoring and surveillance programme and ARWSP guidelines. The existing personnel (both technical and non-technical) in several departments like PHE, Health, Rural Development, Panchayati Raj etc., would be mobilized and involved.
O&M of the field test kits including refilling costs for field test kits, cost of disinfectants, minor remedial expenses, annuity and mobility, honorarium to grass root workers, and honorarium to GP level coordinator will be covered by community contribution
ne field test kit per GP shall be provided. In addition, demo kits shall also be provided as per the following breakup: - State/SRI -1 no. District-3 nos. & Block-2 nos.
The funds for implementation of the Programme will be released by Government of India to the SWSM/PHED/Boards, based on criteria like number of drinking water sources, number of GPs, Block Panchayats, districts, total rural population, etc. in respective States.
State Governments then release funds relating to IEC and HRD to the CCDU. Funds for setting up of new laboratories and strengthening of existing district level laboratories and administrative expenses shall be released by the States to DWSM/District laboratory.
For meeting recurring costs of field test kits and other expenses, the community could contribute @ Rs 1 per family per month and deposit in the VWSC accounts with separate ledger.
Under the programme IEC and HRD activities are being carried out by State water and Sanitation Mission. U.P Jal nigam has been given the responsibility of Providing Field test kits to Gram Panchayats.
A total amount of Rs. 1519.03 lacs have been released to the Uttar Pradesh for Monitoring and Surveillanc activities under National Drinking Water Monitoring & Surveillance Programme in two installments for Procurement of Field Testing Kits for chemical parameters and Bacteriological Field Testing Kits and other activities..
Orders of supply of 15,000 Field Testing Kits for testing of chemical parameters and 25 lac bacteriological test kits (H2S Vials) have been issued. So far 6300 Field Testing Kits for testing of chemical parameters and 20 lakh bacteriological test kits (H2S Vials) have been procured.
U.P Jal Nigam has started to provide Kits to Block Development Officers for distribution to Gram Panchayats.
Material Allocation Order
U.P. Jal Nigam Orders
This is the official Website of Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam, U.P., India.
Content on this website is published and Managed by Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam.
For any query regarding this website, Please contact the "Web Information Manager.": Mr. S. K.Gautam (E. E, Edp Cell- Jal Nigam). Phone no. :0522-2620172 Extn. 6331
Toll Free No. : 18001800525
6, Rana Pratap Marg,
Lucknow - 226001 U.P.(INDIA)
Phone No. : (0522) 2620172, 2620272
Users are informed that Official website of Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam will now open on jn.upsdc.gov.in instead of upjn.org

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"Long-Term Changes in Botanical Composition of Rotationally Stocked Irr" by Jennifer W. MacAdam, T. C. Griggs et al.
MacAdam, J.W., T. C. Griggs, G. Mileski, and S. Buffler. 2004. Long-term changes in botanical composition of rotationally stocked irrigated grass-legume mixtures. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using EnvDTE;

namespace NuGet.VisualStudio.Test.Mocks
{
    public abstract class MockSolutionManager : ISolutionManager
    {
        public event EventHandler SolutionOpened;

        public event EventHandler SolutionClosing;

        public event EventHandler SolutionClosed;

        public event EventHandler<ProjectEventArgs> ProjectAdded;

        public abstract string SolutionDirectory
        {
            get;
        }

        public abstract bool IsSolutionOpen { get; }

        public string DefaultProjectName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public abstract Project DefaultProject
        {
            get;
        }

        public abstract Project GetProject(string projectSafeName);

        public abstract IEnumerable<Project> GetProjects();

        public abstract string GetProjectSafeName(Project project);

        public void CloseSolution()
        {
            if (SolutionClosing != null)
            {
                SolutionClosing(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }

            if (SolutionClosed != null)
            {
                SolutionClosed(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        public void OpenSolution()
        {
            if (SolutionOpened != null)
            {
                SolutionOpened(this, EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        public void AddProject(Project project)
        {
            if (ProjectAdded != null)
            {
                ProjectAdded(this, new ProjectEventArgs(project));
            }
        }

        public IEnumerable<Project> GetDependentProjects(Project project)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Viewing Highly recommended through Agents Mollin Estates.
Contact Robert Leavy MIPAV TRV MMCEPI BBS BBS BSs(Hons) for further details.


text:
from msrest.serialization import Model

class Bar(Model):
    """The URIs that are used to perform a retrieval of a public blob, queue or
    table object.

    :param recursive_point: Recursive Endpoints
    :type recursive_point: :class:`Endpoints
     <fixtures.acceptancetestsstoragemanagementclient.models.Endpoints>`
    """

    _attribute_map = {
        'recursive_point': {'key': 'RecursivePoint', 'type': 'Endpoints'},
    }

    def __init__(self, recursive_point=None):
        self.recursive_point = recursive_point


As a renowned and versatile pianist and composer whose styles encompass a wide range of musical genres, Philip Fortenberry is an artist with an equally expansive career.
He is a partner in two entertainment companies, PK Music and PK Entertainment based in Las Vegas, NV. In August 2018, Philip successfully completed a three-week solo concert tour of China debuting his "Salute To Broadway" concert to thousands of Chinese citizens in 14 cities.
He is the co-producer and pianist of the critically-acclaimed musical revue, "The Cocktail Cabaret" that debuted on Nov. 30, 2017 at the iconic Cleopatra's Barge at Caesars Palace on the Las Vegas Strip.
Early in his career in New York, Philip became the musical director and on-stage pianist for the long-running off-Broadway satirical revue, "Forbidden Broadway." He was also the musical supervisor for the West End version of the show in London.
Philip made his Carnegie Hall debut in 1986 as the pianist/conductor for Eartha Kitt and later returned to Carnegie Hall in concert with The Three Irish Tenors. He has also performed as pianist for Charlotte Church at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center.
In 1990, Philip accompanied internationally renowned mezzo-soprano Frederica Von Stade at the Oregon Bach Festival. They were invited to perform at the White House for the Summit Conference between Mikhail Gorbachev and President George Bush. Later that year, by invitation of President Bush, 'Flicka' and Philip performed at the Economic Summit of Industrialized Nations. Philip performed at the 40th Anniversary Celebration of the United Nations, and in 1996 he was privileged to accompany singer Laurie Beechman at the 70th birthday gala for Lady Margaret Thatcher in Washington, D.C.
In 2002 by joint commission from the Eudora Welty and William Faulkner Societies, Philip, along with actress Brenda Currin and director David Kaplan, created and performed a theatrical fantasia entitled "June Recital," which was based on the works of acclaimed Mississippi author, Eudora Welty and which incorporated Beethoven's Emperor piano concerto.
In 2004, he received the Distinguished Service Award from his alma mater William Carey University.
After 25 years of living in New York for his Broadway career, in 2004 he became a Las Vegas resident. Philip was the associate conductor/music director for the North American premiere of the rock music extravaganza, "We Will Rock You" at the Paris, "Hairspray," and he played and conducted "Mamma Mia!" at Mandalay Bay. In 2008, he was the pianist and associate conductor for the Las Vegas production of "Jersey Boys" at Paris until the show closed in fall 2016.
Philip in 2014 became the first recipient of the "Ghostlight Award" as Best Musician on Broadway as the pianist and associate conductor of the Broadway musical, "Rocky." He was honored again that same year with the "Encore Award for Musical Excellence" presented by the Nevada School of the Arts.
As John Katsilometes, popular columnist of The Kats Report for the Las Vegas Review-Journal states, "Philip…a fantastic man at the piano, one of our great treasures!" And Robin Leach declared "Prince at the Piano." He's prominently featured in magazines, on radio, online and TV.
He has composed and produced eight solo recordings. His 2009 release, "Broadway, My Way," commemorating his decades of performing on the Great White Way, plus inspirational, improvisational recordings, and seasonal offerings, including "Faith," "Fifth Sunday," "Farther Along," "Home for the Holidays," "The Woods," "Portraits in Music," and "First Light," inspired by daybreak in southern Nevada's Valley of Fire.
He continues to be a sought-after music director for many singers. In 2011, he collaborated with singer Kristen Hertzenberg for their album release, "Holidays From The Heart," a collection of non-traditional holiday songs encompassing pop, Broadway, jazz, gospel and folk styles.
In 2017, he collaborated as music director with singer Rebecca Spencer to release a new album, "Still, Still, Still," featuring a pristine collection of holiday songs. Opening with Philip's majestic chords heralding "It Came Upon a Midnight Clear," it's obvious that this angelic mezzo is in the best of hands.
Philip currently is also the music coordinator for the Broadway Series at The Smith Center for the Performing Arts and is the organist for Community Lutheran Church in Las Vegas. He serves on the board of a Nevada nonprofit, The Composers Showcase, to provide composers the opportunity monthly to present and perform original music to an enthusiastic audience at Myron's Cabaret Jazz at The Smith Center.
As a concert pianist, Philip has toured around the U.S. with solo concerts "Now, Just Me," "Broadway, My Way," where he shares his music and life stories from personal experiences as a professional musician. He's toured his concerts to many sold out theatres across the U.S., including "The Hands of Liberace," "An Evening with Philip Fortenberry" and "The Man At The Piano." On Oct. 22, 2018 he debuted and performed for fans his newest concert offering, "Give My Regards," at The Smith Center for the Performing Arts in Las Vegas.
Philip is represented internationally by his management company, KMP Artists.
Philip Fortenberry fue el pianista y Director Asociado para el musical de Broadway, "Rocky", donde también recibió el inaugural "Premio Ghostlight" como Mejor Músico en Broadway. Fue honrado con el "Premio a la Excelencia Musical Encore" 2014 presentada por La Escuela de las Artes de Nevada. Philip fue el doble de piano para, el ganador de doble Emmy y un Globo de Oro, Michael Douglas en su representación de Liberace en la película biográfica de HBO Films, "Behind the Candelabra". Actualmente es el Director Asociado de Jersey Boys en el Paris Las Vegas.


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Commercial leases typically contain a "no-waiver" clause that provides, among other things, that no payment by the tenant of less than the full monthly rent shall constitute a waiver of the right of the landlord to collect the full rent amount, and that the receipt by the landlord of rent with knowledge of the tenant's breach of any covenant within the lease shall not be deemed a waiver of such breach. However, landlords should be aware that the rights that are set forth in such "no-waiver" clauses can be waived. TSS-Seedman's Inc. v. Elota Realty Company, 72 N.Y.2d 1024, 1027, 531 N.E.2d 646, 648, 534 N.Y.S.2d 925, 927 (1988).
This principle was applied by the Hon. Saliann Scarpulla in her October 11, 2016 decision in Hamilton 65th Partners, LLC v. Smallbone Inc., No. 652414/15, 2016 WL 5944461, at *4 (Supreme Court, New York County Oct. 11, 2016) (the "Action"). In Hamilton, the landlord and tenant entered into a commercial lease in April 2009. The lease contained a holdover rent provision requiring the tenant to pay 2½ times the rent payable during the last month of the term. The lease expired on March 31, 2010. The tenant paid the regular rent provided for in the lease through March 2011, and then paid a reduced rate approved by a court appointed receiver in April and May 2011. The tenant remained in possession of the premises without paying rent into 2014. Later in 2014, the landlord commenced an eviction action by which it was awarded possession of the premises.
In 2015, the landlord commenced the Action in Supreme Court, New York County and moved for summary judgment seeking holdover rent pursuant to the terms of the lease in the amount of $3,399,999.58. In opposition, the tenant argued that the landlord's acceptance of the regular monthly rent payable under the lease after the lease expired constituted a waiver of the landlord's right to collect holdover rent. The landlord contended that the no-waiver clause within the lease barred the tenant's waiver argument. Judge Scarpulla held that even contractual rights may be waived if they are knowingly, voluntarily, and intentionally abandoned. Based upon that holding, Judge Scarpulla rejected the landlord's contention that the no-waiver clause barred the tenant's argument, and found that the landlord waived its right to collect holdover rent.
The lesson to be learned from the Hamilton decision is that landlords must be careful to require the payment of the full rent amount every month. In the event a landlord provides a rent concession, it must do so in a written agreement that preserves all of the landlord's rights under the lease, including all rights set forth in any no-waiver clause within it.


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Soetendorp Institute represented at Second Forum of the Alliance of Civilizations
Category: Interfaith Dialogue
On 6-7 April 2009, the second Forum of the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (AoC) was held in Istanbul, Turkey. The Forum is the world's premier event aimed at advancing intercultural understanding. Michael Slaby, Program Coordinator at the Jacob Soetendorp Institute for Human Values participated in the Forum and reached out to the assembled global leaders, heads of international organizations, media representatives, civil society and youth groups. Please find his report below.
In the opening plenary we were welcomed by Turkey's Prime Minister Erdogan, the Spanish President Zapatero, UN Secretary Ban Ki-moon, and former President of Portugal Jorge Sampaio, who now serves as UN High Representative for the Alliance of Civilizations. The penalists set the stage for the two-day event and made clear that the AoC aims to serve as a global platform for taking action on bridging the divides between different cultures and religions, especially between Muslim and Western societies. Ban Ki-moon explained: "All too often, the United Nations must deal with fires after they break out. Through the Alliance, we can stamp out the sparks before they catch."
The four focal topics the AoC addresses are education, media, migration, and youth. In Istanbul these issues were discussed in a range of working breakfasts, plenaries, and working sessions. The list of initiatives that the AoC has initiated is indeed impressive. It includes:
A Rapid Response Media Mechanism, which connects journalists with a wide range of international experts.
A Global Youth Employment Initiative for the Middle East, called Silatech, that started with an investment of $ 100 million from H.H. Sheika Monzah bint Nasser-el-Missned of Qatar
A multi-million dollar AoC Media Fund focussing on normalizing images of stereotyped communities and minorities in mass media through partnerships with Major Hollywood production, distribution, and talent management companies.
A Youth Solidarity Trust Fund aimed at providing grants to youth-led programs in the areas of intercultural and interfaith dialogue.
A Series of AoC Online Clearinghouses beginning with the theme of Media Literacy Education. In Istanbul, AoC launched the Clearinghouse on Education about Religions and Beliefs with 12 partner organizations from around the world.
During the conference, I especially tried to find new partners for the Institute. It was great to meet distinguished experts such as Prof. Karen Armstrong, initiator of the Charter of Compassion, who serves on the high-level group nominated by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan in 2005 to guide the launch of the AoC.
I also had a very deep personal encounter with a Armand Giramahoro from Burundi who came to present the activities of the Amahoro Youth Club that organizes debating and study circles for young people from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. I remember how he shared that the average annual income in his country was 148 US Dollars. We both had tears in our eyes when we then realized that the cheapest room in the Kempinski Palace Hotel in Istanbul where the conference took place would cost around 300 USD per night. It was amazing to see Armand's sincereness in speaking out for the most poor and disempowered youth that his organization tries to reach in a series of activities for street kids. I felt happy and proud for him when he was approached by several renown and influential institutions after he gave his presentation.
Please find more info on the AoC Annual Forum here.


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A tournament win for the under 13s and an Open ladies rep win are highlights for the Sapphire Coast Stingrays. The local Aussie Rules group sent five squads to contest the representative weekend in Nowra with more than 650 players taking part. Sapphire defeated Western in a one-off women's showcase on Saturday with the locals getting the best of their opponents 7-2-44 to 5-6-36. Players and officials said the Central West had an enormous height advantage, but credited the locals' ability to contest the ball and weave through tackle efforts for the win. "Great effort today girls showed a lot of grit and determination to run over the top of a good side proud of you all," coach Shane Crowe said on social media. Bermagui's Katlyn Scott led the charge with two early goals as the Stingrays fought back from a half-time deficit to clinch the result. Meanwhile, the under 13s outfit took out the weekend tournament with a narrow win over the Illawarra on Sunday. After earlier suffering a loss to the northern outfit, the Stingrays flipped the script to down the Illawarra 24-15. Sapphire Coast also took part in the 15s, under 17s and youth girls with mixed results across the weekend. Officials said the players and teams had done the area proud with a great representation for the Sapphire Coast on display. The players now return to the regular SCAFL competition teams to converge on Eden this weekend for a 'mega round' of senior matches.
https://nnimgt-a.akamaihd.net/transform/v1/crop/frm/Xn3KP2xbyFBWgTmsCMnW6P/d24f9931-e93f-40f0-93af-1f18520ffd41.jpg/r0_161_1080_771_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg
Stingrays turn it up for reps
Winners: The Sapphire Coast Stingrays celebrate a win over the Central West in the women's game during the rep weekend carnival. PIcture: Facebook.
A tournament win for the under 13s and an Open ladies rep win are highlights for the Sapphire Coast Stingrays.
The local Aussie Rules group sent five squads to contest the representative weekend in Nowra with more than 650 players taking part.
Sapphire defeated Western in a one-off women's showcase on Saturday with the locals getting the best of their opponents 7-2-44 to 5-6-36.
Players and officials said the Central West had an enormous height advantage, but credited the locals' ability to contest the ball and weave through tackle efforts for the win.
"Great effort today girls showed a lot of grit and determination to run over the top of a good side proud of you all," coach Shane Crowe said on social media.
Bermagui's Katlyn Scott led the charge with two early goals as the Stingrays fought back from a half-time deficit to clinch the result.
Meanwhile, the under 13s outfit took out the weekend tournament with a narrow win over the Illawarra on Sunday.
After earlier suffering a loss to the northern outfit, the Stingrays flipped the script to down the Illawarra 24-15.
Sapphire Coast also took part in the 15s, under 17s and youth girls with mixed results across the weekend.
Officials said the players and teams had done the area proud with a great representation for the Sapphire Coast on display.
The players now return to the regular SCAFL competition teams to converge on Eden this weekend for a 'mega round' of senior matches.


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News 05/09/2019 News CSR
TenneT tackles biodiversity at all its 462 high voltage substations
Downloads & Contact
Jeroen Brouwers
press@tennet.eu
The grid operator TenneT will be helping to promote biodiversity at all its 462 high voltage substations in the Netherlands and Germany. The plan goes into action following spectacular results achieved in a pilot project at three such substations in the Netherlands. The project revealed that nature-friendly maintenance of these sites conserved up to 72 percent of their insect populations. The programme TenneT is now launching will ensure that by 2025, biodiversity-friendly management will be the standard of TenneT's green management.
Ben Voorhorst (Executive Board member): 'We operate the electricity grid in the Netherlands and large parts of Germany, ensuring 41 million consumers and businesses receive green electricity. Meanwhile, global biodiversity is also under pressure, according to a report by Ipbes (United Nations) this week. With our high voltage connections and stations, in addition to transporting green electricity, we can also contribute to the conservation of nature in another way.'
Conservation of insects and inspect species and flora
TenneT's assets are located throughout the Netherlands and Germany, offering unique connection points for local biodiversity. This spurred on TenneT to launch a biodiversity pilot project at three high voltage substations in the Netherlands. The measures taken to increase biodiversity are sowing indigenous mixtures to strengthen local biodiversity and meandering mowing. The pilot project showed that meandering mowing leads to the retention of between 58 and 72 percent of insect fauna. These insects would not survive 'normal' mowing.
The pilot project was carried out in collaboration with the Vlinderstichting (Dutch Butterfly Conservation). Albert Vliegenthart of Vlinderstichting: 'TenneT demonstrates that relatively small measures at hundreds of stations can achieve a significant effect. Such conservation of the insect population is impressive, and at the same time crucial given the current challenges facing us on preserving biodiversity.'
TenneT's contribution to promoting biodiversity is part of its CSR ambition for 2025. It also contributes to TenneT's objective of playing a leading role in the energy transition as a green grid operator.
TenneT's Annual Report
Green Deal Infranature
Deltaplan Biodiversity
Do you want to stay informed?
Like the


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Snap said in a regulatory filing on Tuesday that its CFO Tim Stone is departing the company.
Snap chief financial officer Tim Stone, whose departure from the social media company was revealed in a regulatory filing on Tuesday, is leaving behind about $16 million worth of restricted stock units through his departure.
Based on Stone's offer letter, when he departs, he'll have pocketed a portion of his $500,000 annual salary and the full vested value of the $1 million worth of RSUs granted to him as a hiring equity grant (these RSUs vested over a six-month period). However, he has received only an estimated one seventh of the $19 million worth of RSUs he was granted when he was hired, which vest monthly in equal installments over a 48-month period. His departure also requires him to give up options to buy an estimated 427,083 shares of Class A stock, which also vest over 48 months in monthly installments.
A Snap spokesperson confirmed the contents of Spiegel's internal staff email, but declined to comment beyond Snap's Tuesday 8-K filing. Stone declined to comment.
The resignation took a toll on Snap's stock, which fell 11.5% on Wednesday to $5.79. The stock has already fallen more than 50% over the past year in the wake of major executive churn: Snap former content chief Nick Bell announced his departure in November, former VP of marketing Steve LaBella stepped down in October, and former chief strategy officer Imran Khan resigned in September.
Snap, which owns chat and video messaging app Snapchat, has struggled to maintain its user base of teens and Millennials. In October the company reported a 1% drop in total monthly users from its second quarter to third quarter, to a 186 million daily users. Snap's retention problems don't appear to be ending anytime soon. The company warned investors in October that it expects to continue to lose daily active users.
Snap noted in its filing on Tuesday, however, that it expects to report fourth-quarter revenue and adjusted earnings in February that are "slightly favorable to the top-end" of its previously reported quarterly guidance ranges. In October, it expected fourth-quarter revenue between $355 million and $380 million and adjusted losses between $100 million and $75 million.
Snap faces stiff competition from Facebook -owned Instagram, which has more than 1 billion monthly active users, while short-form video app TikTok and its Chinese version, Dǒuyīn, have about 500 million monthly users globally. If Snapchat can't show compelling user growth or engagement trends soon, the founders will likely forfeit their billionaire status, too. If Snap's stock drops to $3.50, based on Forbes' calculations of the founders' share ownership and estimated cash holdings, the young moguls will both lose their place in the three comma club. Forbes estimates Spiegel and his cofounder Bobby Murphy each have an estimated net worth of $1.5 billion, according to Forbes' Real-Time ranking.


Menus are used in most of the web pages. These are defined in an unordered list
. You have to add the .list-inline classto
 to create a horizontal menu.
You can create a basic navigation tag with
. You can also mark the current page with <liclass="active">.
The following example specifies how to create a simple navigation tab.
You can also use tabs in a dropdown menu.
Add the data-toggle="tab" attribute to each link. Then add a .tab-pane class with a unique ID for every tab and wrap them inside a
 element with class .tab-content, to make tags toggleable.
If you want the tabs to fade in and out when clicking on them, add the .fade class to .tab-pane .
You can create pills with
. You can also mark the current page with
.
Add the .nav-stacked class to display the pills vertically.
You can also use dropdown menu with pills.
It is same as toggleable dynamic tabs, the only change is the data-toggle attribute to data-toggle="pill" .


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McIlroy Rallies From 6 Behind To Win Deutsche Bank
NORTON, Mass. — Three holes into the Deutsche Bank Championship, Rory McIlroy had to make a 15-foot putt just to escape with triple bogey.
He already was 4-over par and had every reason to believe this tournament was headed for an outcome that was becoming far too familiar for a player of his class.
But McIlroy went from a miserable start to a memorable finish, closing with a 6-under 65 on Monday to make up a six-shot deficit and win the Deutsche Bank Championship for his 20th career title around the world.
"It's just incredible, this game, how quickly things can change," McIlroy said after his two-shot victory over Paul Casey. "It's been a great lesson for me this week not to get down on myself, to stay patient. After three holes Friday, there was so much going through my head, and none of those things involved sitting beside a trophy."
[Related] Tiger's son makes TV debut and looks just like he's at home »
A new putter, a new putting coach, and suddenly he looks like the McIlroy of old. It was his first PGA Tour victory of the year and moved him to No. 4 in the FedEx Cup, all but ensuring him a clear shot at the $10 million bonus when he gets to the Tour Championship at the end of the month.
In a strengthening wind from Hermine that penalized the slightest misses at the TPC Boston, McIlroy closed out the front nine with three straight birdies to take the lead for the first time, went ahead to stay with a 20-foot birdie on the 12th hole and left no doubt with a 3-wood into the wind and over the hazard on the par-5 18th hole that set up a birdie from the bunker.
Casey, who started the final round with a three-shot lead in his bid for his first PGA Tour victory since 2009, closed with a 73. He had a 60-foot eagle putt on the final hole that would have forced a playoff. It went 8 feet by, and he missed the meaningless birdie putt.
Latest Golf
Tiger's son makes TV debut and looks just like he's at home
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Dustin Johnson's tears were for a green jacket and major validation
The only consolation for Casey was that his runner-up finish moved him from No. 59 to No. 10 in the FedEx Cup, clinching a spot in the Tour Championship for the first time since 2010. PGA champion Jimmy Walker closed with a 70 to finish third.
The top 70 advance to the BMW Championship, which starts Thursday at Crooked Stick in Indiana. Among those who moved into the top 70 was David Hearn of Canada, who came into the week at No. 92. Hearn closed with a 70 and tied for eighth.
McIlroy, who finished at 15-under 269, moves back to No. 3 in the world.
Deutsche Bank Championship
Paul Casey
BMW Championship


text:
Knights Football Action
Knights headed back home after defeat of Cougars
(From L-R) Allie Arnaiz, Lauren Kotulka, and Jamie Seo.
Senior Spotlight: Lauren Kotulka
Hannah Nguyen, Executive Editor
Future Plans:
"I will attend the University of Pittsburgh to major in Spanish and minor in biology on a pre-med track."
Favorite NPHS Memory:
"Playing tennis and becoming close with my teammates. Winter ball was fun too."
Favorite Classes:
"I liked most of my classes, but I really enjoyed Graphic Design with Mrs. Crawford, AP English with Mrs. Kratz, and Multicultural Voices with Ms. Tinsley."
Favorite Teachers:
"I have a lot of favorite teachers, but I would have to say Ms. Tinsley, Mrs. Kratz, Mrs. Groat, Mrs. Schweizer, and Ms. Hubbs were some of my favorites. All of them taught me a lot and made me feel like a student AND a friend! Special shoutout to Mrs. Beach, even if she made us give our all in gym class."
Advice to incoming sophomores:
"Be open-minded. If there is a club you want to join, join it! If you want to try out for a sport, try out! If there is a class you want to take, take it! And please, don't plan to do everything with your friends. If it happens, it happens, but it's good to try things for yourself by yourself! Put yourself out there. But also remember, while it's good to have a plan, don't get too caught up in it. Sometimes you have to let everything fall into its place."
To the class of 2022, I leave…
"Good vibes and an exciting senior year."
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