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Society›
Economy›
Number of migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia by occupation 2017
Number of migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia in 2017, by occupation
by Amna Puri-Mirza, last edited May 28, 2018
This statistic illustrates the number of migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia in 2017, by occupation. During this time period, the number of foreign migrant drivers in Saudi Arabia was about 1.4 million.
Number of migrant domestic workers
Saudi Arabia, MENA
Saudi Arabia: social network penetration Q3 2017
Total population of Saudi Arabia 2024
Inflation in Saudi Arabia since 2014
GDP of Saudi Arabia 2024
Statistics on "Saudi Arabia"
National finances
Digital usage
Saudi Arabia: Total population from 2014 to 2024 (in million inhabitants)Total population of Saudi Arabia 2024
Saudi Arabia: Population growth from 2007 to 2017 (compared to previous year)Population growth in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Fertility rate from 2007 to 2017Fertility rate in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Life expectancy at birth from 2007 to 2017Life expectancy at birth in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Age structure from 2007 to 2017Age structure in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Average age of the population from 1950 to 2050 (median age in years)Median age of the population in Saudi Arabia 2015
Saudi Arabia: Death rate from 2007 to 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 inhabitants)Death rate in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Infant mortality rate from 2007 to 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 live births)Infant mortality rate in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Gross domestic product from 2014 to 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars)GDP of Saudi Arabia 2024
Gross domestic product per capita of Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2024 (in U.S. dollars)GDP per capita of Saudi Arabia 2024
Saudi Arabia: Growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024 (compared to previous year)Growth of the real gross domestic product in Saudi Arabia in 2024
Saudi Arabia: Share in the global gross domestic product (GDP) adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) from 2014 to 2024Share of Saudi Arabia in the global gross domestic product adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity
Saudi Arabia: Unemployment rate from 2008 to 2018Unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia in 2018
Saudi Arabia: Youth unemployment rate from 2008 to 2018Youth unemployment rate in Saudi Arabia in 2018
Inflation rate in Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2024 (compared to previous year)Inflation in Saudi Arabia since 2014
Saudi Arabia: export of goods from 2007 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)Export of goods from Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: National debt from 2014 to 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars)National debt of Saudi Arabia 2024
Saudi Arabia: National debt in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024National debt in relation to gross domestic product in Saudi Arabia in 2024
Saudi Arabia: Ratio of military spending to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2007 to 2017Ratio of military expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) in Saudi Arabia 2017
Saudi Arabia: Ratio of government expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024Ratio of government expenditure to gross domestic product of Saudi Arabia in 2024
Saudi Arabia: Budget balance in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024Budget balance in relation to gross domestic product in Saudi Arabia in 2024
MENA region: Total population 2017, by country (in million inhabitants)Total population of the MENA countries 2017
MENA countries: Life expectancy at birth in 2017Life expectancy at birth in the MENA countries 2017
MENA countries: Death rate from 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 inhabitants)Death rates in the MENA countries 2017
MENA region: Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2017, by country (in billion U.S. dollars)Gross domestic product of the MENA countries in 2017
MENA countries: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in current prices in 2017 (in U.S. dollars)Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the MENA countries 2017
MENA countries: Inflation rate in 2017 (compared to the previous year)Inflation rate in the MENA countries 2017
MENA countries: Trade balance of goods in 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)Trade balance of goods in the MENA countries 2017
MENA countries: National debt in 2017 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP)National debt of MENA countries in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) 2017
Number of internet users in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2023 (in millions)Saudi Arabia: number of internet users 2015-2023
Internet user penetration in Saudi Arabia from 2017 to 2023Saudi Arabia: internet user penetration 2017-2023
Leading countries with the most mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants in 2017Mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants in 2017, by country
Number of mobile phone internet users in Saudi Arabia from 2017 to 2023 (in millions)Saudi Arabia: mobile phone internet users 2017-2023
Distribution of web traffic in Middle Eastern and North African countries as of January 2017, by deviceMENA: distribution of online traffic 2017, by device
Mobile internet traffic as percentage of total web traffic as of March 2019, by countryShare of mobile internet traffic in selected countries 2019
Mobile internet user penetration rate in selected countries as of 3rd quarter 2017Mobile internet penetration rate worldwide 2017
Percentage of internet users who watch online video content on any device as of January 2018, by countryShare of internet users who watch online videos 2018, by country
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia by occupation 2017
Number of female migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia by occupation 2017
Annual growth rate of domestic workers in GCC by country 2018-2017
Annual increase of domestic workers in GCC by country 2018-2017
Number of migrant domestic workers in the emirates Dubai and Abu Dhabi 2008-2016
Share of migrant domestic worker's origin in GCC by sub-region 2013
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Kuwait 2015-2017
Number of female migrant domestic workers in Qatar 2006-2016
Number of migrant domestic workers in Kuwait 2015-2017
Number of male migrant domestic workers in the emirates Dubai and Abu Dhabi 2008-2016
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Bahrain 2005-2016
Number of migrant domestic workers in Bahrain 2005-2016
Number of domestic workers in GCC by country 2016
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Qatar 2006-2016
Number of migrant workers in Indonesia 2014-2017
Number of migrant workers in Thailand 2017, by country of origin
Number of migrant workers in Laos 2008-2017
Number of migrant workers in Indonesia 2017, by country of origin
Number of migrant workers in Malaysia 2006-2017
Migrant workers in China
Employment in China
Export trade in China
Imports to China
Population in China
Consumer prices around the world
Social Insurance in China
Key economic indicators of Italy
Migrant workers in the hospitality and tourism sector and the potential impact of labour r...
Gender pay gap patterns in domestic and foreign-owned firms
Employment by occupation in the UK 2018
The impact of Brexit on the UK agricultural workforce
Job market in Belgium
Labor market in the Gulf Cooperation Council
Job market in the Netherlands
Breaking the chain 2017
Financial sector employment in the United Kingdom (UK)
Hospitality and tourism workforce in the United Kingdom (UK)
Saudi Arabia: Total population from 2014 to 2024 (in million inhabitants)
Saudi Arabia: Population growth from 2007 to 2017 (compared to previous year)
Saudi Arabia: Fertility rate from 2007 to 2017
Saudi Arabia: Life expectancy at birth from 2007 to 2017
Saudi Arabia: Age structure from 2007 to 2017
Saudi Arabia: Average age of the population from 1950 to 2050 (median age in years)
Saudi Arabia: Death rate from 2007 to 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 inhabitants)
Saudi Arabia: Infant mortality rate from 2007 to 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 live births)
Saudi Arabia: Degree of urbanization from 2007 to 2017
Saudi Arabia: Gross domestic product from 2014 to 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Gross domestic product per capita of Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2024 (in U.S. dollars)
Saudi Arabia: Growth of the real gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024 (compared to previous year)
Saudi Arabia: Share in the global gross domestic product (GDP) adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) from 2014 to 2024
Saudi Arabia: Unemployment rate from 2008 to 2018
Saudi Arabia: Youth unemployment rate from 2008 to 2018
Inflation rate in Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2024 (compared to previous year)
Saudi Arabia: export of goods from 2007 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Saudi Arabia: Main export partners in 2017
Saudi Arabia: Import of goods from 2007 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Saudi Arabia: Main import partners in 2017
Saudi Arabia: Trade balance from 2007 to 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Saudi Arabia: National debt from 2014 to 2024 (in billion U.S. dollars)
Saudi Arabia: National debt in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024
Saudi Arabia: Ratio of military spending to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2007 to 2017
Saudi Arabia: Ratio of government expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024
Saudi Arabia: Budget balance in relation to gross domestic product (GDP) from 2014 to 2024
MENA region: Total population 2017, by country (in million inhabitants)
MENA countries: Life expectancy at birth in 2017
MENA countries: Death rate from 2017 (in deaths per 1,000 inhabitants)
MENA region: Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2017, by country (in billion U.S. dollars)
MENA countries: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in current prices in 2017 (in U.S. dollars)
MENA countries: Inflation rate in 2017 (compared to the previous year)
MENA countries: Trade balance of goods in 2017 (in billion U.S. dollars)
MENA countries: National debt in 2017 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP)
MENA countries: Budget balance between 2017 in relation to GDP
Number of internet users in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2023 (in millions)
Internet user penetration in Saudi Arabia from 2017 to 2023
Leading countries with the most mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants in 2017
Number of mobile phone internet users in Saudi Arabia from 2017 to 2023 (in millions)
Distribution of web traffic in Middle Eastern and North African countries as of January 2017, by device
Mobile internet traffic as percentage of total web traffic as of March 2019, by country
Mobile internet user penetration rate in selected countries as of 3rd quarter 2017
Percentage of internet users who watch online video content on any device as of January 2018, by country
Penetration of leading social networks in Saudi Arabia as of 3rd quarter 2017
Share of population who bought something online via phone in the past month as of 3rd quarter 2018, by country
Degree of internet freedom in selected countries according to the Freedom House Index 2018 (index points)
Degree of internet freedom in Middle East and North Africa according to the Freedom House Index 2017, by country (index points)
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia in 2017, by occupation
Number of female migrant domestic workers in Saudi Arabia in 2017, by occupation
Annual growth rate of domestic workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council between 2008 and 2017, by country
Annual increase of domestic workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council between 2008 and 2017, by country (in 1,000)
Number of migrant domestic workers in the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Dubai from 2008 to 2016 (in 1,000)* **
Share of migrant domestic worker's origin in the Gulf Cooperation Council in 2013, by sub-region
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Kuwait from 2015 to 2017
Number of female migrant domestic workers in Qatar from 2006 to 2016*
Number of migrant domestic workers in Kuwait from 2015 to 2017
Number of female migrant domestic workers in the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Dubai from 2008 to 2016 (in 1,000)* **
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Bahrain from 2005 to 2016 (in 1,000)
Number of male migrant domestic workers in the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Dubai from 2008 to 2016 (in 1,000)* **
Number of migrant domestic workers in Bahrain from 2005 to 2016 (in 1,000)
Number of domestic workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council in 2016, by country (in 1,000)
Number of male migrant domestic workers in Qatar from 2006 to 2016*
Number of migrant workers in Indonesia in 2014, 2016, and 2017 (in thousands)
Number of migrant workers in Thailand in 2017, by country of origin (in thousands)
Number of migrant workers in Laos from 2008 to 2017 (in thousands)
Number of migrant workers in Indonesia in 2017, by country of origin
Number of migrant workers in Malaysia from 2006 to 2017 (in thousands)


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Courses, Fees, and Policies
Course Fees (per half credit)
GVA Member Courses Initial Credit $270
Regular Courses (including Spanish) Initial Credit $325 Cred. Recov. $225
NCAA Approved Courses Initial Credit $325
Prices are effective on July 1, 2022.
Each course represents a half-credit and typically spans the content taught in a traditional semester. Courses must be completed within 3 months of the original start date. Extensions may be requested in writing prior to 3 weeks before the end date at a cost of $75 per month.
If you withdraw from a course within 14 days of enrollment, you will be issued a refund minus a processing fee of $25. No refund applies after the 14-day period.
If you endure extenuating circumstances during class, please contact a Greenbush Online staff member as soon as reasonably possible. Greenbush will work with the local school to determine if an accommodation can be made.
Students are responsible for their own learning and contacting teachers when they need assistance.
Students or school officials are encouraged to establish deadlines that would benefit the student. Greenbush can assist with setting up a daily pacing guide to meet these goals.
Courses will be graded on a percentage basis.
Final exams must be proctored by a school official.
Upon written request, Greenbush will send final grades to the student and/or their school. The school has the final say on granting credit.
A=First Semester; B=Second Semester; Credit Recovery is available for all classes
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Language Arts 10 A/B
Intro to Communications & Speech A/B
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Spanish I, II, III A/B
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Intro to Business A/B
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Our regular courses have not been approved by the NCAA. If your student plans to participate in NCAA sports, you may request courses that have been pre-approved on the course enrollment form.
Academic Honesty: Academic honesty is expected. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to: cheating, plagiarism, fabrication of information or citations, facilitating acts of academic dishonesty by others, unauthorized prior possession of examinations, submitting work of another person or work previously used without informing the instructor, and securing written approval, or tampering with academic work of other students. Any evidence of academic misconduct may warrant a failing grade, forfeiture of all fees, and an academic misconduct investigation.
If a Greenbush instructor suspects academic misconduct, he or she will inform the program director or their designee within 10 calendar days (excluding breaks) of discovering the evidence of possible misconduct.
If the student is working through a local school district, the district will be responsible for handling the academic dishonesty situation.
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Equal Access: The Education Service Center – Greenbush is open to all persons regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, or disability (temporary or permanent). Independent learning courses can be adjusted according to a student's Individualized Education Plan (IEP). Contact Greenbush for details.
Melanie Gabel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Jakob van Hoddis (16 May 1887 – May/June 1942) was the pen name of the Jewish German expressionist poet Hans Davidsohn, of which "Van Hoddis" is an anagram. His most famous poem Weltende (End of the world), published on 11 January 1911 in the Der Demokrat magazine, is generally regarded as ushering in the Expressionist style of poetry and inspired many other poets to write in a similarly grotesque style; he is also seen as perhaps the only German predecessor of surrealism (which did not exist as a movement in Germany).

Life
Born in Berlin, he was the oldest son of the public health doctor Hermann Davidsohn and his wife Doris, née Kempner. Mrs Davidsohn gave birth to twins, but the other baby was stillborn. He had four other siblings, Marie, Anna, Ludwig, and Ernst. The poet Friederike Kempner (1836-1904) was his great-aunt. He attended the renowned Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium; however, due to his temper (although he was extremely intelligent), he was not a successful student. He left school in 1905, to preempt his exclusion, but obtained his Abitur degree as an "external" student in the following year. The young man began studying architecture at the Technical College of Charlottenburg; in 1907, he joined the University of Jena to study classical philology. Later he returned to Berlin and continued his studies at the Frederick William University; here he met law graduate Kurt Hiller who encouraged him to develop his literary talents.

Davidsohn had already composed poems during his schooldays. In 1909 he and his friend Kurt Hiller created the Expressionist Der Neue Club (The New Club) artists' society in the Hackesche Höfe courtyards; in March of the following year, they introduced their ideas at literary evenings they called Neopathetisches Cabaret (Neo-pathetic Cabaret). They were joined by Georg Heym, Ernst Blass and Erich Unger, soon followed by others, for example Alfred Lichtenstein. Else Lasker-Schüler participated too (she said about van Hoddis' performances "His verses are so ardent that one wants to steal them" ). The last, ninth, evening of the Cabaret took place in the spring of 1912; it was a tribute to the tragically deceased Georg Heym. The Cabaret was very popular, often attracting hundreds of spectators. It was during one of these evenings when Weltende was recited, and electrified the audience totally. Many artists later remembered the impact the eight lines had on them that day.

He used the pen name van Hoddis since the death of his father in 1909. During this part of his life, things started to get worse. Not only was he expelled from university for inactivity, but he lost his close friends, Georg Heym and Ernst Balcke, who both drowned in January 1912 ice-skating on the Havel river. He left Berlin for Munich, turned to Catholicism and, after he suffered a nervous breakdown, voluntarily entered a mental hospital. Although he was released and returned to Berlin, he was soon hospitalized again after attacking his mother. His mental health continued to decline, and he lived in private care from 1914 until 1922. In 1915, his younger brother Ludwig was killed in action as a soldier in World War I. From 1922, Van Hoddis lived in Tübingen, where his mother had placed him under the guardianship of his uncle. After 1927, when his mother lost her money, he came under the care of a state clinic (Christophsbad in Göppingen).

In 1933, immediately after Hitler's nomination as Reich Chancellor, Van Hoddis' family escaped to Tel Aviv (where his broken-hearted mother died a few months later). However, it proved impossible for him to secure an entrance certificate to the British Mandate of Anglo-Palestine due to his mental illness. He thus was forced to remain in Nazi Germany where Expressionism had come to be seen as an absolutely unacceptable or "degenerate art" form.

Some Expressionist artists managed to flee the country with many more either committing suicide or who were murdered in Nazi concentration camps. Given that Van Hoddis was Jewish, an Expressionist writer, and also mentally ill (which then meant in Germany that he was subject to "mercy killing"), his murder in Nazi Germany was almost guaranteed. On 30 April 1942, he and all the other patients and staff (about 500 people) of his sanatorium near Koblenz were transported to the Sobibór extermination camp via Krasnystaw. None of them survived. The exact date of van Hoddis' death remains unknown.

Works
Van Hoddis published numerous poems, characterised by cipher-like Dadaistic elements, in literary magazines such as Die Aktion or Der Sturm. Only one collection, Weltende, was published during his life, by Franz Pfemfert in 1918. André Breton included van Hoddis in his 1940 Anthology of Black Humor. A major rediscovery of his work began after a new edition by Paul Pörtner in 1958. In the English-speaking world he remains almost unknown.

Posthumous collections:
 Paul Pörtner (ed.): Jakob van Hoddis, Weltende. Gesammelte Dichtungen. Arche, Zürich, 1958 - Collected poems
 Regina Nörtemann (ed.): Jakob van Hoddis. Dichtungen und Briefe. Wallstein, Göttingen, 2007,  - Poetry and Letters

Weltende

Van Hoddis' poem Weltende was first published in 1911 and has been often translated into English. One of the closest versions—considering both the verse form and the spirit of the original, may be the adaption of Natias Neutert.

Weltende

Dem Bürger fliegt vom spitzen Kopf der Hut,
In allen Lüften hallt es wie Geschrei,
Dachdecker stürzen ab und gehn entzwei.
Und an den Küsten – liest man – steigt die Flut.

Der Sturm ist da, die wilden Meere hupfen
An Land, um dicke Dämme zu zerdrücken.
Die meisten Menschen haben einen Schnupfen.
Die Eisenbahnen fallen von den Brücken.

World's End

From burgher's pointy head the hat flies.
In all quarters resounds hullaballoo.
Roof tilers plummet down and break in two.
Along the coasts— one reads — the floodings rise.

The storm is here, wuthering seas are hopping
Ashore to crush dams as if they were midges.
Most people have a cold that is not stopping.
The railway waggons tumble down from bridges.

Literary influence
Weltende is referenced in a poem by Catalan author Gabriel Ferrater called Fi del món ("End of the world"), which paraphrases some of its images.

References and external links

 Jakob Van Hoddis article (in English) by Darran Anderson - Laika Poetry Review, including a translation of Weltende and photos
 Stiftung "Neue Synagoge Berlin - Centrum Judaicum"
 Analysis of "Weltende" (German)

1887 births
1942 deaths
German poets
Jewish poets
Writers from Berlin
People from the Province of Brandenburg
German Jews who died in the Holocaust
German people who died in Sobibor extermination camp
Expressionist poets
German male poets
20th-century German poets
20th-century German male writers
Aktion T4 victims

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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JEDI HoloNet » HoloNews » Lost Stars finally arrive at their destination, as schools return across the galaxy.
390.23 // Lost Stars finally arrive at their destination, as schools return across the galaxy.
Systems that follow the R.E.D (Republic Education Directive) will today hear the familiar hum of the school shuttle return to the morning soundscape. For those under the most common syllabus in the Republic, today marks a return to school.
It was reported last week by the the Inter-plantery Foundation of Statistics, that school traffic can add upwards of 22% onto commute times, so commuters will no doubt notice increased delays on the hyperlanes this morning.
It also appears to be the first day of 'school' for the Lost Stars. Named after the operation which saw the successful rescue of the force sensitive children that were stolen away from the Jedi Order and their families. It has been confirmed by multiple sources, that the children have spent the last three years at home with their families, and with the help of GRID, the Republic and Jedi Order psychiatrists and councillors have been aided in every-way possible to overcome their ordeal.
Unconfirmed reports appear to point that the children will be kept isolated and in quarantine at the start of their training with the Order before being distributed to the many faculties operated by the Order. The Order has refused to comment on any speculation, however all public and private engagements of Grandmaster Don'roq have been cancelled for the next year as it is believed he will be personally over seeing the Lost Stars initial development and induction.
Whilst the operation which ran for 6 years has been closed for some time, there are still a handful of unanswered questions.
Whilst many mercenaries have been prosecuted and are serving times in prisons across the galaxy, is the figure head and orchestrator still free?
and finally, what came of Koyso Chewai'in and Esta Bowing, the only two children not found in the rescue operation?


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Introduction to the Special Theme - Tackling Big Data in the Life Sciences
Roeland M.H. Merks 1 Marie-France Sagot 2, 3
1 CWI - Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
2 Service d'Epidémiologie et de santé publique
3 ERABLE - Equipe de recherche européenne en algorithmique et biologie formelle et expérimentale
Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes
Roeland M.H. Merks 1 AuthorId : 566608
Marie-France Sagot 2, 3 AuthorId : 469889
Author IdHAL : marie-france-sagot
1 CWI - Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam - Netherlands) StructId : 152470
2 Service d'Epidémiologie et de santé publique (Kremlin Bicêtre - France) StructId : 453494
AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre) (78 Rue du Général Leclerc 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre - France) StructId : 312432
3 ERABLE - Equipe de recherche européenne en algorithmique et biologie formelle et expérimentale (Université Claude Bernard (Lyon 1), Campus DOUA 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne cedex - France) StructId : 417639
Abstract : Tackling Big Data in the Life Sciences by the guest editors Roeland Merks and Marie-France Sagot The Life Sciences are traditionally a descriptive science, in which both data collection and data analysis both play a central role. The latest decennia have seen major technical advances, which have made it possible to collect biological data at an unprecedented scale. Even more than the speed at which new data are acquired, the very complexity of what they represent makes it particularly difficult to make sense of them. Ultimately, biological data science should further the understanding of biological mechanisms and yield useful predictions, to improve individual health care or public health or to predict useful environmental interferences. Biologists routinely measure DNA sequences, gene expression, metabolic profiles, and protein levels, infer molecular structures, visualize the positions and shape of cells in developing organs and whole embryos over time, rapidly screen the phenotypic effects of gene mutations, or they monitor the positions of species and individual animals and plants in whole ecosystems or herds, to name just a few. The resulting datasets yield new insight into biological problems, while at the same time they pose new challenges to mathematicians and informaticians. How do we store these large bodies of data in an efficient manner and make sure they remain accessible in the future, while at the same time preserving pri-vacy? How do we search through the data, spot interesting patterns and extract the biologically relevant information? How do we compare data of different conditions or species? How do we integrate data from different sources and across biological levels of organization to make new predictions? Can we then use the resulting patterns to solve the inverse problem and derive meaningful dynamical mathematical models from kinetic datasets? How do we model complex and/or large biological systems, e.g., whole cells, embryos, plants or ecosystems? What are the challenges to multiscale modeling? Given the great variety of topics that such general questions cover, this Special Theme of ERCIM News could only highlight a few, in a selection of nineteen papers. These provide an overview of the latest techniques of data acquisition at the molecular level, address problems of data standardisation and integration, and propose sophisticated algorithms for analysing complex genetic features. Such algorithms help to infer the rules for predictive, dynamical modelling, by characterising genetic interactions , as well as molecular and cellular structures from noisy and incomplete data. They also provide key data for modelling multiscale systems at the multicellular or ecosystem level. Alongside data mining approaches, such dynamical models are a useful aid for proposing new control strategies, e.g., in personalised medicine or to help improve medical diagnostics. A further selection of articles discusses visualisation methods for big and noisy data, or suggest to make use of new communication techniques, such as Twitter, to help in quick management of health. Overall these approaches illustrate the breadth and the beauty of the mathematical and computational approaches that have been developed to cope with the challenges that biology poses to data science. These challenges will only continue to grow in the foreseeable future, as the volume, quality and types of biological data keep on expanding.
Submitted on : Wednesday, August 23, 2017 - 9:11:29 AM
Last modification on : Thursday, November 21, 2019 - 1:14:06 PM
ercim2016.pdf
Roeland M.H. Merks, Marie-France Sagot. Introduction to the Special Theme - Tackling Big Data in the Life Sciences. 2016. ⟨hal-01576388⟩


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ASOS's SEO Mistakes Sunk Profits By 87%: What Happened?
by G2
ASOS is one of the leading brands in the trendy-affordable retail niche.
But while ASOS may be known as a trendsetter in the fashion industry, they're more similar to their failing mall department store retail counterparts when it comes to their knowledge of SEO and organic search (see JCPenney.)
The company's misstep led to a huge crash in pre-tax profits in their latest financial report, showing pre-tax profits falling 87% from £29.9 million in their August 2018 report to £4 in the recent February 2019. So what happened?
What did ASOS do?
ASOS has previously stated that its growth is largely due its strong existing customer base, which it has heavily invested spend in. However, one of its key problems has been new customer acquisition.
To address this issue, ASOS launched 200 versions of its website, duplicating its website to copies depending on what country a visitor was in to match specific user-search queries. The goal was to penetrate new opportunity markets to grow its customer base.
In an attempt to capitalize on its strong current customer based, the brand also made significant changes to the UX/UI of its website, specifically in how ASOS products render.
The company also is undergoing a complete digital transformation by updating its tech stack to meet the needs of its current customers.
"We needed an architecture which provided a globally consistent performance and high availability. We needed the flexibility to introduce new features and we needed the ability to present those new features in innovative ways for our early adopter 20-somethings." - ASOS CTO Bob Strudwick said in a 2017 interview with ComputerWorldUK.
From this, ASOS' main goals from digital transformation include:
Capitalize on its current customer base with big data and predictive analytics
Upgrade its legacy PaaS, databases, and other legacy architecture for better performance
Automation of their warehouse hubs
Why ASOS' SEO plan backfired
First, there is no way to know exactly what has caused their drop. We can only take the evidence we have and make our best-educated guess. Second (and to be fair to the company's digital marketing department), ASOS also cited expansion costs and large promotion and discount campaigns as contributors to the drop.
However, there are clearly a couple of glaring oversights from the ASOS team.
1. The microsites caused duplicate content, cannibalization, and doorway pages
The biggest contributor to the drop is ASOS' microsites initiative. From a content perspective, creating 200 versions of the same site depending on the region of a customer causes major cannibalization, duplicate content, and spammy interlinking issues similar to those of PBNs.
The microsites were also doorway pages, which Google explicitly condemns in their quality guidelines.
What are doorway pages?
Doorway pages are pages or websites made specifically to increase ranking for very specific search queries. Google finds this bad for users as it can lead to duplicate content and pages with overlapping themes, which all take users to the same destination in the end.
Google lists examples of doorway sites and pages in their guidelines, which includes an example that sounds eerily familiar to what ASOS did:
There are also many technical SEO practices that could have been butchered here as well, such as setting up redirects and local tagging. It would seem that ASOS has since reverted this, with the US store appearing as a subdomain, and other country based domains redirecting back to the main ASOS site.
2. ASOS' site redesign ignored SEO implications
The combination of introducing a new software stack, as well as completely redesign the website's navigation, is another factor in the downturn.
While the site may have introduced new functionality, trendier user experience, and predictive analytics features, it seems the company turned a blind eye to any SEO impact these updates would have.
One specific example of this is page load speed. The site's redesign heavily featured new interactive elements, which significantly impacting their load times on both desktop and mobile views. To be fully loaded, the site's homepage takes a whopping 12 seconds.
With two rather obvious mistakes from an outsider perspective, it's also safe to assume many other smaller technical mistakes have been made along the way as well.
Falling organic traffic performance has been a trend for ASOS
And upon further inspection, this one incident isn't to blame for the retailer's drop in search rankings. Looking at the long-term performance of the site, their organic traffic and organic keywords have both been in free fall for a while now.
The graph below is from Ahrefs, and shows the drop in overall organic traffic. From its peak of around 19M in March 2017, to just above 9M as of May 2019, with no signs of growth.
The same can be seen for the number of organic keywords ASOS ranks for;specifically keywords ranking in the top 3 positions. Below you can see that at its peak, it had around 275K keywords in the top 3 SERPs, and in early March of 2019 had fallen to 110K. That's a 60% drop.
There are signs of hope here though, as recently they have rebounded to just shy of 200K keywords in the top 3.
To be fair to the company's digital marketing department, ASOS also cited expansion costs and large promotion and discount campaigns as contributors to the drop.
How ASOS (and you) can avoid similar results
Brands have to be innovative. Brands have to change their site structure. Some have to undergo name and domain migrations (shoutout our recent change from G2 Crowd to G2.)
But there are a few things you can do that ASOS clearly did not.
1. Smaller testing instead of site-wide changes
Maybe there was behind-the-scenes testing that wasn't made public. However, from what we can tell, these user experience and mass microsite creation both happened in bulk.
If ASOS had A/B split tested the site redesigns with segments of its audience, the brand would have seen the slow load times. I'm sure there was some testing, and I'm assuming the engagement with the new interactive site was higher than the old site, hence the change.
But a lack of regard for any SEO implications is a massive mistake.
2. Leverage SEO professionals (and listen to them)
Having an internal SEO team or SEO agency managing your organic search is a must for any successful online business in 2019. They act as a consultant to changes being considered, monitor technical aspects and performance of the site, help implement new tools.
But just having an SEO team isn't good enough. You must listen to them as well.
This is what bothers me the most about with the ASOS example. Its issues would have been detected by someone with a decent understanding of SEO fundamentals.
ASOS is a multi-million dollar, publicly-traded company with more than 3,300 employees on LinkedIn. It had/has an internal SEO team (though LinkedIn only shows 5 with an SEO role.) I'm confident they brought in agencies to help with these decisions.
As Amelia Coleby said in her fantastic LinkedIn Pulse article: "Listen to your SEOs. I may be entirely wrong, but I doubt a team of experienced SEOs would have sailed into this willingly. With a combined experience in SEO adding up to over a decade, a background in respected SEO agencies, and a history - until now - of fairly solid SEO performance, something doesn't add up."'
Moving forward: What ASOS is doing to fix it
The company is looking at non-technical, customer service-centric strategies to re-focus on its current customers instead of new customer acquisition, including a new return policy extending the return period from 28 to 45 days and new warehouse hubs in Berlin and Atlanta
ASOS has also already reverted their microsites mistake, and as shown in the earlier graph, are rebounding in key top 3 SERP keywords.
And there is reason to be optimistic for the company. ASOS' stock price to around $50 a share, up from $27 a share at its low point in January (though still far below its pre-profit warning of $67 a share at its peak.)
Ready to learn more about managing your company's SEO? Learn about the best SEO software and SEO agencies in 2019.
What Public Relations Professionals Can Learn From the Boeing 737 MAX 8 Plane Crashes
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iOS 13: New Features You Don't Want to Miss
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text:
import scala.math.BigInt._
import scala.util.Random
/**
 * 为了在使用probablePrime(100,Random)获取随机素数时不在probablePrime和Radom之前使用任何限定符,你需要引入什么?
 */
probablePrime(100,Random)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
YouTube TV drops ESPN, among other channels, after failure to meet new carriage agreement
By Chad Finn Globe Staff,Updated December 18, 2021, 12:51 a.m.
YouTube TV, owned by Google, is believed to be the second-largest streaming service, with an estimated 3 million subscribers.Gabby Jones/Bloomberg
YouTube TV dropped Disney-owned channels — including ESPN, ABC and its local affiliates, and FX — from its streaming service at 12 a.m. Saturday after a failure to reach a new carriage agreement.
ESPN2 viewers found out the hard way: The channel disappeared from the streaming service late in the FCS semifinal matchup between James Madison and North Dakota State.
While the dispute over per-subscriber costs was known — during ESPN's Celtics-Warriors broadcast Friday night, several ads ran encouraging viewers to implore YouTube TV to agree to a deal — it is somewhat surprising that a deal was not reached by the midnight deadline. YouTube TV has reached last-minute deals in the past, including with NBC Universal in October.
YouTube TV, owned by Google, is believed to be the second-largest streaming service, with an estimated 3 million subscribers.
While it has said it would drop its monthly price from $64.99 to $49.99 while Disney content remains off its platform, it still risks alienating a massive chunk of its audience.
For instance, ESPN's college football bowl schedule — which includes 41 games — kicked off Friday, and has seven games airing Saturday. ESPN also has the college football playoff semifinals Dec. 31 and the national championship game Jan. 10. YouTube TV subscribers won't be able to watch any of them unless there is resolution.
YouTube TV carriage disputes are already familiar locally. The streaming service dropped NESN, the regional home of Bruins and Red Sox, on Oct. 31, 2020 when there was a live-sports void for regional cable networks. NESN remains off the service.
Chad Finn can be reached at chad.finn@globe.com. Follow him on Twitter @GlobeChadFinn.


Quick—name the most important factor in backup and disaster recovery. If you're like most people, you'll say speed (or the lack thereof). Prolonged downtime is so costly, from wasted productivity to lost sales. Nothing could be worse, right?
Actually, a security gap can be worse. An outage can be inconvenient and annoying, no doubt. But if your backups are stolen or breached, your organization can face a major catastrophe. The focus shifts from recovery to doing damage control as sensitive personal, financial, medical and company data falls into criminal hands.
While many teams understand the value of encryption, they lack the time or skill to implement it appropriately. Weak encryption that can be cracked by cryptanalysis is as bad as no encryption at all—so be sure you're using best practices.


NAMD development is driven by major trends in computing and structural biology.
The structures of increasingly larger biomolecular aggregates are being determined.
More powerful parallel supercomputers with larger processor counts are becoming available.
Commodity supercomputing is attainable locally for even modest experimental labs.
Contact Us // Material on this page is copyrighted; contact Webmaster for more information. // Document last modified on 24 May 2013 // 57435 accesses since 20 Mar 2006 .


text:
Caisse invests $250M in real estate firm Avison Young
Staff | July 16, 2018
The Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec is investing $250 million in Avison Young Inc.
The investment will help speed up the global commercial real estate firm's strategic growth plan, according to a news release.
"Avison Young's track record and experienced team speak for themselves: through a well-defined and executed business strategy, the company has grown considerably in recent years, particularly by entering international markets with strong potential," said Stéphane Etroy, executive vice-president and head of private equity at the Caisse. "With its unique corporate culture and its long-term vision, Avison Young is an ideal partner for CDPQ and we look forward to supporting the company as it continues to grow over the coming years."
Read: Caisse invests $50M in Canadian construction company
Funds from the investment will be used by Avison Young for recruitment, as well as to repurchase shares held by its current private equity partner Parallel49 Equity and shares from some of the company's non-management founders and former principals. Avison Young's principals will now own 100 per cent of its common shares.
"We look forward to a collaborative relationship with CDPQ and its large global network, and benefitting from the ability to share expertise, deal flow, market intelligence and resources as we continue to grow our business across the spectrum of commercial real estate services in North America and other key markets globally," said Mark Rose, chair and chief executive officer of Avison Young.
"We are gratified by CDPQ's support of our growth strategy, which we launched from a base of 11 offices in Canada and expanded to 84 offices across North America and Europe in just under 10 years, and growing revenue more than 15 times during that period. CDPQ's investment will provide additional momentum as we accelerate our innovative and technology-based capabilities and market presence to serve clients facing today's rapidly changing real estate environment," added Rose.
The terms of the transaction, which closed Tuesday, have not been disclosed.
Read: CPPIB invests in Chinese rental market, Caisse in Spanish solar power


Boycott of Starbucks? Who will it really hurt?
In truth, Schultz could cost President Donald Trump some votes too. That doesn't matter to those who sense in Schultz a threat to the current political establishment.
How to react? With reasoned arguments in favor of Democrat candidates and against Schultz's ideas? No, says Neera Tanden, president of the Center for American Progress, a powerful left-leaning think tank. Tanden has told reporters that if Schultz runs for president, she will organize a boycott against Starbucks.
That might cost Schultz a few dollars, because he owns stock in Starbucks. But he stepped down as CEO in April 2017. He doesn't run the company anymore.
Perhaps the 157,000 people who work at the 14,600 Starbucks locations in the United States. A really effective boycott could cost some of them their jobs.


text:
Millionnaya Street (), a street on the left bank of the Neva in the Central District of St. Petersburg in Russia, runs - parallel to the Palace Quay - from the Swan Canal to the Palace Square. Significant buildings on Millionnaya Street include the New Hermitage Museum, the Chief Pharmacy, the Marble Palace, and the New Michael Palace.

History
In the first half of the 18th century, the area of the current Millionnaya Street was the "German Settlement", the area in St. Petersburg where foreigners lived. Close to the Field of Mars and the current marketplace area was a Greek suburb. Several streets that ran near or on the route of the current Millionnaya Street existed under various names at various times: German Street, Great German Street, Greek Street, Great Street, Holy Trinity Street, Nobility Street, and Meadow Street, the last referring to the high meadow which later became the Field of Mars.

The last and most well-established name was Millionnaya Street, the name generally being ascribed to the wealth of the built-up streets in the area and the proximity of the royal residence, the Winter Palace.

In Soviet times the street was named Khalturina Street, in honor of the Narodnik revolutionary Stepan Khalturin, who detonated a bomb in the Winter Palace in 1880 that caused 67 casualties (but failed to kill the Czar).

References

Natalia Mordvinova, Memories of Admiral Nikolai Semenovich Mordvinova

Streets in Saint Petersburg


TopScore™ comes with a high quality white cover which should be used in between matches and when TopScore™ is not in use, especially at night. The cover is not designed to completely protect TopScore™ from heavy rain or other extreme weather conditions, so removing TopScore™ from the court during rain storms or excessive heat/cold is highly recommended.
Basically, like any piece of high quality digital equipment, you want to take special care of TopScore, inspect it regularly and follow the suggested & recommended maintenance procedures.
IMPORTANT - Rain/moisture can rust the inside of the round bushing hole which the mounting pole is inserted into (on the side of the bracket) - which can result in the mounting post sticking, making it very difficult to pull out/adjust. It is recommended that after rain/heavy moisture, the inside of the bushing (and the post) be dried with a towel/tissue to prevent this from happening.
TopScore can be cleaned with mild soap and water or a mild detergent like Windex/409. Do not use harsh chemicals like paint thinner or acetone.
Approx. every 2-3 weeks, inspect the brackets for a tight/snug fit - and check the alignment of TopScore. Over time and play, the vibration of the ball hitting the net may slightly loosen the bracket bolts, thereby slightly shifting the bracket's alignment. TopScore should always be set parallel to the court.
TopScore is $799. Additionally, we offer 12-month interest free financing.
TopScore™ will be shipped to customers via Fed Ex ground from Orange County, CA. Cost of shipping a flat rate of $20.00 per board. Purchases of TopScore™ will be subject to state sales tax, where applicable.
TopScore™ uses highly readable E-paper technology (controlled by Topspin Sport's proprietary circuitry) . Power is supplied by 2-AA batteries. The estimated life of the batteries can be anywhere from 6 months – 2 years , depending on the quality of batteries used and/or daily usage of the board. The front and back panels of TopScore™ are an anti-glare outdoor grade polycarbonate material. The outer shell of TopScore™ is aluminum powder coated with the highest grade material available, which will hold up under normal weather conditions without fading or rusting.
TopScore™ is the world's first and only digital, 2-sided, net-mounted, self-scoring tennis scoreboard. Each board comes with a net post bracket (round or square depending on the customer's requested size & specs), mounting post and a cover. Allen wrenches are also provided inside the box. TopScore™ requires two double AA batteries, which are included in the purchase and shipping of TopScore™ We also gladly logo your board at no additional cost.
TopScore™ features include up/down arrows for sets/games, reset button, changeover button, home /visitor function and features rounded top corners for safety.
TopScore™ comes in three exciting colors – 1.) Wimbledon White panels with dark green text, Classic Green panels with white text and US Open Blue panels with white text. The TopScore™ cover comes in white with dark green text.
A security cable/lock is available for purchase for $25.00.
Requests for a bracket size other than the sizes listed above may cost extra.
RENT TOPSCORE FOR YOUR EVENT!


Well we think the world is going WILD and who is in love with everything animal prints? WILD THING is our zebra inspired print playing with the typography behind and in front of the patterns which gives a hiding effect. This zebra print will add a touch of wildness to your home. Perfect for any room in the modern home.
Find the pink version in our shop.
WILD THING ZEBRA PRINT is doodled and designed by us from original illustrations at Doodlemoo from our lovely studio in Reigate.


A spacer slows down the medicine delivered from a metered-dose inhaler.
This way the medicine stays in the spacer and patient can breathe it into his/her lungs.
Without a spacer, the medicine sprays directly into your mouth and throat, and less of it reaches the lungs.
A spacer is also called an aerosol-holding chamber.
Many asthma medicines are given using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
An MDI is made up of a metal canister inserted into a plastic holder.
The metal canister contains the asthma medicine.
When the canister is pushed down, it sprays a puff of medicine out.
An MDI should be used with a spacer in order to get the dose of medicine into the lungs.
An oxygen concentrator (also sometimes called "oxygen generator") is a medical device used to deliver oxygen.
An incentive spirometer is a device that measures how deeply you can inhale (breathe in). This helps prevent lung problems, such as pneumonia.


A basic orientation to the biblical, theological, sociological, and practical dimensions of establishing a new church.
The study and practice of sermon construction.
The study of the design and praxis of the special services, in which a pastor takes part, including: weddings, funerals, baptisms, the Lord's Supper, baby dedications, church dedications, and ordinations.
A detailed study will be made of the pastor's role in the stewardship of the church's resources including the managing of finances, working with finance teams, development of budgets, prioritizing current needs, planning for future ministries, preparing for the building program, and policies and procedures pertaining to human resources as they relate to the church's finances. Students will have the opportunity to evaluate critically the management system in their home church or place of ministry.
Coordination and production of an effective radio ministry including preparation of programs for radio broadcasting, visiting radio stations, and conducting a 15 minute live radio broadcast.
A basic orientation to the Biblical, theological, sociological, and practical dimensions of establishing an inner city church.
This course teaches the student how to take a vision and help it become a reality by stressing the development of a strategic plan, Constitution and By-laws, finding and recruiting the right Board, etc to help the vision truly become reality.
A course designed to be a hands-on practicum involving an internship in a recent local church plant. The main components of the course include in-depth analysis and assessment of the work being observed.


Had this the other day at Gjelna. It was great. The cookbook version, with a couple tweaks, is pretty great too.
Put it all in a bowl and hit it with the stick blender.
Place carrots, 2 tbs olive oil, salt + pepper, thyme, 2 tbs of orange juice in a bowl, toss to combine. Let sit while oven heats.
Gjelina in Venice Beach is a great restaurant. This is the first thing i am making from their cookbook. I had to tweak it a bit to get it right, the cookbook version had too much oil and perhaps gjelina's oven is hotter than mine.
The yogurt makes a lot of sauce. Need to find something else to do with it. I originally thought salmon, but after tasting it i decided no. Going to try it with lamb chops.
Try #1 – not quite hot enough pan, too much oil. carrots here are quartered, not halved and perhaps cooked too fast. changing those things for next time. Regardless, the flavor profile was spot on.
try #2 – better, less oil made it work better, halved carrots cooked better and took on more caramelization. i tried an icicle radish in the mix, that's a no go.


text:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.  See License.txt in the project root for license information.

using Microsoft.TestCommon;

namespace System.Web.Http.OData
{
    public class FastPropertyAccessorTest
    {
        public class MyProps
        {
            public int IntProp { get; set; }
            public string StringProp { get; set; }
        }

        [Fact]
        public void GetterWorksForValueType()
        {
            // Arrange
            var mine = new MyProps();
            var accessor = new FastPropertyAccessor<MyProps>(mine.GetType().GetProperty("IntProp"));
            mine.IntProp = 4;

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(4, accessor.GetValue(mine));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void SetterWorksForValueType()
        {
            // Arrange
            var mine = new MyProps();
            var accessor = new FastPropertyAccessor<MyProps>(mine.GetType().GetProperty("IntProp"));
            mine.IntProp = 4;

            // Act
            accessor.SetValue(mine, 3);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(3, accessor.GetValue(mine));
            Assert.Equal(3, mine.IntProp);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void GetterWorksForReferenceType()
        {
            // Arrange
            var mine = new MyProps();
            var accessor = new FastPropertyAccessor<MyProps>(mine.GetType().GetProperty("StringProp"));
            mine.StringProp = "*4";

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal("*4", accessor.GetValue(mine));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void SetterWorksForReferenceType()
        {
            // Arrange
            var mine = new MyProps();
            var accessor = new FastPropertyAccessor<MyProps>(mine.GetType().GetProperty("StringProp"));
            mine.StringProp = "*4";

            // Act
            accessor.SetValue(mine, "#3");

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal("#3", accessor.GetValue(mine));
            Assert.Equal("#3", mine.StringProp);
        }
    }
}


text:
Substack – Fad or Gold rush?
This is not the first time the internet created a gold rush around content. Blogging, Podcasting, YouTubing(?) and the like have all brought creators out from under the thumb of gatekeepers and put their content front and center to the end user. As those mediums grew, monetization got squeezed, and created a narrower path for up-and-coming creators on those platforms. Not to mention the rush by leftists to censor and demonetize creators for mainstream views.
Along comes Substack a platform that allows simple paid and unpaid subsrcitopns to Newsletters. Writers like Matt Taibbi, Curtis Yarvin and Glenn Greenwald are already killing it on the platform.
In return for the services offered by the professional platform, Substack then takes 10% from the sales that are generated by the known content creator using the platform. Despite this, not a lot of people actually know that the San Francisco-based start-up took inspiration from WeChat, a Chinese super app that was operated by the internet giant known as Tencent Holdings.
According to an article by the South China Morning Post, although the e-mail newsletters have been around ever since the internet's own inception, Substack caught a brand new wave of influencer-style journalism in this current age where certain traditional media has found it hard to even grapple along with recommendation-driver type of content algorithms.
This trend has also seen certain readers turn towards the new niche content and also writers with quite an original or even expert voice turning away from the more general, aggregated content with a known pay-for-it all or even not-at-all delivery model.
The concept is nothing new. Paid subscription news are a business as a old as time, however a fresh, easy and simple tech first approach to the industry create a new revenue stream for existing content creators, and may even help launch the career of some. The space is believed to be so large, Twitter recently acquired a competitor to Substack, called Revue.
In an era of mass media consolidation, layoffs, and disappearing employment opportunities at both national and local journalism outfits, Substack has emerged as a kind of Patreon alternative that allows reporters and commentators to easily create their own subscription-based sites with limited moderation. (Substack is essentially a combination of a newsletter service and a blogging platform like Medium.) It surged in 2020, inspiring all manner of takes and thinkpieces about whether it represents the future of news. Some of the highest-profile Substack converts have been journalists and bloggers with huge Twitter followings, such as Glenn Greenwald, Andrew Sullivan, and Matthew Yglesias, who staged dramatic breaks with their prior employers. But other users include former BuzzFeed culture writer Anne Helen Petersen, former Verge tech journalist Casey Newton, newspaper columnist David Sirota, rock critic Robert Christgau, academics, and humorists.
So it's not surprising that Twitter—without which many of these writers and editors would have struggled to build audiences independent of their employers at all—wants a cut of the pie. According to the New York Times, Twitter executives had actually discussed buying Substack outright before the idea was shot down outright by co-founder Hamish McKenzie.
Twitter has a controversial history of censorship in the recently. It would serve the interest of those who enter the newsletter space to know that when either of these companies, or new competitors that emerge, grow large enough, they will probably start censoring their creators just like all the other major platforms have in the past. It may serve those creators to use those platforms to grow, and quickly pivot to a platform they own. Unlike serving video or a social network, newsletters are easy enough to deliver without these platforms, which are sure to become censorious.
PreviousJET.com founder, Mark Lore, is leaving Walmart
NextLG May Leave the SmartPhone Business
Spotify's Bet On Podcast Has Yet to Hit Pay Dirt
DAVID DOBRIK IS GETTING CANCELED BUT HIS APP DISPO ISNT
The Domino's Stimulus
Will You Move to Starbase Texas?


text:
package com.jettdurham.jinteg;

/**
 * An object returned by an Integration Test method.
 * At a minimum, an ITReturn must have a concept of a boolean status and a String message.
 *
 * ITResults that have a false status are interpreted as a failed test.
 * The message is a human-readable status message describing the result of the test.
 *
 * @author jettdurham
 *
 */
public interface ITResult {

	public boolean getStatus();
	public String getStatusMessage();
}


MONTREAL—The head of SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. tried to assuage concerns over criminal charges at home and diplomatic tensions with the government of Saudi Arabia, saying the challenges will not hurt its business.
"Despite the political issues we've had to contend with, our business is solid," chief executive Neil Bruce told analysts during a conference call late last week.
On Oct. 10, the Montreal-based company's stock plunged to its lowest level since early 2016 after federal prosecutors announced they would not invite SNC to negotiate a remediation agreement over fraud and corruption charges that stemmed from alleged dealings with the Libyan regime under Moammar Gadhafi between 2001 and 2011—"a completely distant era," Bruce said.
"It's when I did my MBA at Newcastle University, to put it in perspective." While the perceived spurn "makes no sense…it hasn't had any impact whatsoever in our ability to bid and win work," he said.
In February 2015, the RCMP charged SNC and two subsidiaries with paying nearly $48 million to Libyan public officials to influence government decisions. The RCMP also hit the company, its construction division and a subsidiary with one charge each of fraud and corruption for allegedly defrauding various Libyan organizations of about $130 million.
It's relevant to the company's operations in Canada because a conviction could bar SNC from working with the federal government for up to 10 years.
A preliminary inquiry kicked off last week in Montreal. SNC's recent appeal of the Public Prosecution Service of Canada's decision to forgo an invitation to settlement negotiations is ongoing.
Bruce confirmed he was in Saudi Arabia last week, but said he steered clear of the government's Future Investment Initiative event in the wake of the alleged murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
Bruce also pointed to an "unfortunate diplomatic incident" between Canada and Saudi Arabia when a tweet regarding human rights from Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland set off a trade embargo by the monarchy last August.
"We continue to monitor the situation closely and we're engaged with our clients," Bruce said, but insisted the 9,000-plus staff and robust revenues—$992 million last year—in the country remain unaffected by the row.
Client conversations have sprouted talks about privatization and the sell-off of a chunk of SNC's massive engineering and construction unit, Nazir said in a note to investors.
The company is eyeing the potential sale of part of Ontario's Highway 407 to showcase the real value of the toll road.
"I don't think we've actually said, `Breaking the company apart'…We've already started on looking at all the options, but we're not going to be drawn into talking about what they are and making all that public," said Bruce, who came aboard three years ago to turn around the scandal-plagued firm.
Last Thursday, SNC reported a third-quarter profit of $120.7 million, up from $103.6 million a year ago. Revenue totalled $2.56 billion, down from $2.63 billion in the third quarter of last year.
It's not an 'unfortunate diplomatic incident', it a human right violation.
With the brutal Khashoggi murder, things have not improved.


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text:
On Creativity: Refilling Creative Juices for Photographers
Creativity is a finite resource that needs to be replenished — hence the term creative juices feels accurate, even for photography.
Creativity is a big part of our craft as photographers. It's what fuels our best ideas, defines our personal style, and sets our work apart from random snaps and throwaway photos. It's so crucial for both professional and personal work that we find ourselves restless whenever we feel we're not being creative enough with our concepts or execution. I've lost track of all the ideas or projects I abandoned the moment I realized they were mediocre or not creative enough. I swoon at projects — photography related or otherwise — brought to life by creativity and originality. However, I also concede that creativity is a highly subjective construct, and our notions of what makes something creative also tend to change with time. So, it only follows that we eventually formulate our own ways of coping with creative blocks. For those who are yet to figure it out, however, getting unstuck from a creative rut can be frustrating.
Some nights of rumination got me thinking that we have to change our way of thinking about creativity. We have to see it as a finite resource that must be replenished. We have to understand that when we don't feel creative or inspired enough, it doesn't mean we're no longer capable of coming up with work that we personally love. It simply means it's time to refill our creative juices. As photographers, we both live off of and live for creative work, so we can think of it as a skill that is as valuable as the others we use in photography.
One of the biggest roadblocks to any creative work, of course, is being stuck in a creative rut. I fall into this pit in two ways: as a writer and a photographer. Because I'm a writer first and a photographer second, I somehow feel more comfortable navigating writer's block than being uninspired with photography projects. There are times I feel overwhelmed instead of inspired by the photos I scroll through on social media (more on that later). I always feel I don't have ideas that "work" for a photography project. So, I fall deeper and deeper until I become terribly stuck.
Getting Out of a Creative Rut
I recently felt a stronger drive to get unstuck because I miss being able to shoot free of inhibitions: to just let the work manifest itself as I go instead of me forcing it out. So, I asked the rest of the Phoblographer staff for ideas on how to get out of a creative rut, which, of course, we want to share with all of you as well.
"I remind myself that ruts are part of the cycle of creativity, and I gotta go through it to get out of it. This too shall pass," said our Copy Editor Mark Beckenbach, and I definitely agree. This is also tied to the idea I earlier mentioned about seeing creativity as a finite resource.
Mark also added a comforting perspective that can help us snap out of being uninspired or dissatisfied with our ideas and outputs: our mindsets and understanding of ourselves — and our view on creativity — are simply changing. "Sometimes, when in a rut, I realize my understanding of myself or creativity, in general, is changing. With that in mind, it's okay to become disenchanted with my output at times. My creative awareness is expanding."
I also find consolation in the words of our Gear Editor Brett Day, who told me that creative ruts are normal occurrences in our personal and professional lives. However, he also cautioned that it happens when we become complacent and bored from shooting the same subjects or scenes all the time. The solution, therefore, is to get yourself to see things differently than what you've been used to.
"When I fall into creative ruts, I try to make myself see the world differently, and one of the best ways to do this is to force yourself to shoot with a single focal length that you aren't proficient with. Primes are ideal for this as they will make you work to get a shot, whereas a zoom will still allow you to be lazy. The more you challenge yourself to look for unique takes on scenes, the better. If you don't have different lenses, consider renting a prime lens for a week, and then use it exclusively."
Trying and Learning New Things
Going back to what Brett said about complacency, there's only one way to sort that out: learn and try something new. By going out of your comfort zone, you also open yourself to many different experiences, ideas, and perspectives that can help you become more creative, especially when brainstorming on new projects.
"Try new genres of photography, learn about new techniques, and then put them to use. If you usually shoot landscapes, try your hand at environmental portraits, macro, street, or any number of genres. Perhaps try and master long exposures if it is something you are unfamiliar with or learn how to use lights instead of relying on natural light. The key is to challenge yourself to make things interesting again."
Related to this is the notion that creativity involves tapping other creative outlets and disciplines and finding connections between them to create something new. Or, as better put by Steve Jobs in a 1996 Wired interview:
"Creativity is just connecting things. When you ask creative people how they did something, they feel a little guilty because they didn't really do it, they just saw something. It seemed obvious to them after a while. That's because they were able to connect experiences they've had and synthesize new things."
We've seen this in action in many of the impressive photography projects that we featured in the past. When something totally unexpected gets combined with photography, it usually transforms into eye-catching, unique, and thought-provoking bodies of work.
Minimizing Distractions from Social Media
Social media, as we've already stressed in many of our features, has become both a boon and bane to photographers. This is especially the case for Instagram, which continues to be a popular platform among both established and emerging photographers for sharing their work. "For better or for worse, Instagram has become a go-to outlet for photographers to showcase their latest work. However, thanks to Instagram's constant rejiggering of how its timeline and algorithm behaves, we can no longer reliably reach the audience that we've worked so hard to build," our Reviews Editor Paul Ip explained. This is just one of the many reasons we believe that minimizing, if not totally eliminating distractions from social media will help boost creativity.
Paul also makes an important point that since it's now significantly harder for our new works to be seen organically on Instagram, anything we post is good as dead if it doesn't garner loads of engagement directly after posting. This, in turn, has led to a negative feedback loop where creatives on the platform are creating new works just for the sake of boosting engagement instead of creativity itself.
"This is anathema to what led most of us to create in the first place, but therein lies the Catch 22 that is Instagram. To quote the popular 1983 film War Games, 'The only winning move is not to play.' For this reason, I chose to take a year off from sharing my work on Instagram. Rather than focusing on creating content for engagement's sake, I took the year off from the platform to foster my creativity and to rediscover what drove me to create in the first place instead. Not having to worry about artificial matrices such as likes and comments has been refreshingly liberating."
So, approach posting on Instagram with caution. Don't fall into the trap of counting likes and comments to validate your work and use it as a measure of your skill or creativity as a photographer. Paul also suggests, "create just for the hell of it" and to your heart's content. As a writing mentor once told me, don't write something you wouldn't want to read yourself.
Our Editor in Chief Chris Gampat once again reminds us not to put all our efforts into building work around Instagram. "It isn't your website. You don't have control over it. That's an open relationship between you, the Zuck, and your project. And there isn't enough room for three of you."
Carving Out Time for Creative Photography
To stay creative and productive as a photographer, you need to keep shooting. The only way it's going to happen is to have your camera with you at all times as much as possible, and make time for it no matter how busy life gets. "I don't (yet) subscribe to the idea of taking a conscious break from shooting," Mark said on why he simply just keeps shooting. "I keep hitting the street with my camera even if I sometimes don't take a single picture when I'm out. I've become okay with that as I realize I'm still training my eye."
Chris also has an interesting perspective for us on this topic. He suggests that we treat our photography projects almost like a relationship and be fully committed to making them happen.
"It requires time, so you need to put in time but you also need to feel like you're getting something back from it. And that requires a level of nearly unconditional love for something. Other things can't get in the way. If you love something, you find ways to make it work, make space for it, and to really fit it into your life. Further, that requires setting goals, and like a relationship, having an open and candid conversation with the creative side of yourself. You need to make plans with the creative side of yourself. You need to commit to those plans and not just cop out of them. You need to wake up together, spend weekends together, etc."
Building Habits That Help Photographers Keep Shooting
By now, we should all be able to understand that creativity is something that must be steadily cultivated instead of forced. Habits play a big part in this. It may be challenging at first to choose habits that will help you become a more creative photographer. It will most likely be a struggle to build a new routine and stick to it. But making photography a habit is the only way you can put together all the pointers mentioned above.
"Put yourself in situations where you have to be committed," suggested our Feature Writer, Dan Ginn. "When I lived in London I set up a weekly photographer club where we would meet each week, have a new theme and focus, and then go out and shoot. Leading the club, it was really important for me to attend to keep it together. This, in turn, ensured I kept shooting actively, even during less inspired times."
Dan also finds blogging to be a great way to keep shooting, because integrating it into your creative routine creates expectation from your readers. To meet those expectations, you must stay active, come up with new concepts and ideas, and of course, keep shooting.
One thing I can suggest on this is to make a list of things you can realistically do and fit into your daily schedule. Most importantly, this must be something you are willing to put work into — every day, if necessary — until it becomes as regular as brushing your teeth. This will instill a sense of discipline and help you get your brain wired to creating something once it's called to do so. This was what helped me when I was putting together a year-long photo diary project documenting the last year of my 20s.
There may be some things I missed here that can help us refill our creative juices for photography or other creative work. If you have some suggestions, it would be great if you can share them in the comments below!
Additional Readings:
The Importance of Turning Negative Energies Into Creativity
The Idea of Craft vs Creativity in Photography
Boosting Your Creativity as a Photographer Through Self Care
Canon or Sony: Which One Is Better for Shooting a Party?
Cheap Photo: We've Found Lens Deals That Will Save You Hundreds


The new Wilson Staff Duo Professional is soon to be released in the "wild" (it will hit the shelves on December 3rd), being designed to appeal to players seeking for incredibly soft feel at impact and premium performance.
Our aim with the Duo Professional is to give golfers the best-feeling ball and experience tour-level performance on the course. Mixed with a low compression and seamless dimple pattern, the Duo Professional offers golfers a desired soft feel around the green without sacrificing power and distance.
To sum it up, the latest Duo Professional is targeting players looking to achieve more distance, while retaining that soft feel we all know and love on shorter shots. The new golf ball from Wilson Staff will be available in the classic gloss-white colorway, together with matte colors of yellow, green and orange. Stay tuned.


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<?php

namespace Doctrine\Tests\ORM\Functional\Ticket;
use Doctrine\ORM\UnitOfWork;

require_once __DIR__ . '/../../../TestInit.php';

/**
 * @group DDC-1383
 */
class DDC1383Test extends \Doctrine\Tests\OrmFunctionalTestCase
{
    protected function setUp()
    {
        parent::setUp();

        try {
            $this->_schemaTool->createSchema(array(
                $this->_em->getClassMetadata(__NAMESPACE__ . '\DDC1383AbstractEntity'),
                $this->_em->getClassMetadata(__NAMESPACE__ . '\DDC1383Entity'),
            ));
        } catch(\Exception $ignored) {}
    }

    public function testFailingCase()
    {
		$parent = new DDC1383Entity();
		$child = new DDC1383Entity();

		$child->setReference($parent);

		$this->_em->persist($parent);
		$this->_em->persist($child);

		$id = $child->getId();

		$this->_em->flush();
		$this->_em->clear();

		// Try merging the parent entity
		$child = $this->_em->merge($child);
		$parent = $child->getReference();

		// Parent is not instance of the abstract class
		self::assertTrue($parent instanceof DDC1383AbstractEntity,
				"Entity class is " . get_class($parent) . ', "DDC1383AbstractEntity" was expected');

		// Parent is NOT instance of entity
		self::assertTrue($parent instanceof DDC1383Entity,
				"Entity class is " . get_class($parent) . ', "DDC1383Entity" was expected');
    }
}

/**
 * @Entity
 * @InheritanceType("JOINED")
 * @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discr", type="integer")
 * @DiscriminatorMap({1 = "DDC1383Entity"})
 */
abstract class DDC1383AbstractEntity
{
	/**
	 * @Id
	 * @Column(type="integer")
	 * @GeneratedValue
	 */
	protected $id;

	public function getId()
	{
		return $this->id;
	}

	public function setId($id)
	{
		$this->id = $id;
	}
}

/**
 * @Entity
 */
class DDC1383Entity extends DDC1383AbstractEntity
{
	/**
	 * @ManyToOne(targetEntity="DDC1383AbstractEntity")
	 */
	protected $reference;

	public function getReference()
	{
		return $this->reference;
	}

	public function setReference(DDC1383AbstractEntity $reference)
	{
		$this->reference = $reference;
	}
}


text:
All about the unvaccinated? How to manage the Omicron
15 January 2022 | 2:04 pm
Authorities in Europe are being very cautious, but it seems the record-breaking infection rate of the Omicron variant could soon be followed by a sharp decline in Covid-19 cases. This scenario still leaves the most vulnerable at risk, such as the elderly, those with pre-existing conditions and the unvaccinated.
unvaccinated
Johannesburg struggles under omicron surge
Omicron cases explode in US
Omicron is now the dominant variant in the United States, accounting for nearly three-quarters of all cases. In New York, once the epicenter of the pandemic, omicron cases are surging.
Coronavirus: Germany's omicron cases jump 45% in one day
The total number of omicron cases detected in Germany rose sharply with the latest figures, which were the first to provide testing results and data from a working day after the Christmas break.
Can Europe learn from S Africa's omicron experience? Virologist Wolfgang Preiser speaks to DW
COVID: Omicron 'not a common cold' yet, virologist warns
Wolfgang Preiser, the virologist who first discovered omicron, has spoken to DW about the rapid rise in cases. He predicts that most people will catch the new variant.
Top virologist concerned about omicron exposure in Germany
Netherlands brings in lockdown to combat omicron
The Netherlands has become the first European country to enact a strict lockdown over Christmas. Omicron infections are spreading rapidly across the country. All nonessential businesses have been closed until at least mid-January.


text:
Editor's note: IDEA2019 takes place June 24-27 in Pittsburgh, Pa. Ahead of the conference, District Energy takes a look at the district energy/CHP system serving the Duquesne University campus.
On a bluff southeast of downtown Pittsburgh, the Uptown neighbor- hood stretches along the Mononga- hela River. Once a busy commercial district, Uptown and the adjoining West Oakland community have become for many a pass-through corridor to and from downtown. That has begun to change, however. An enterprising plan is underway to transform Uptown/West Oakland into an EcoInnovation District – an initiative combining the environmental sustainability goals of an EcoDistrict with the economic opportunities of an Innovation District.
Duquesne University, at home in
Uptown, is among the local entities lead-
ing the way on the project. It is no surprise
that the 140-year-old private Catholic
institution, with a total enrollment of
nearly 9,500 students, should be asked
by Pittsburgh city planning to convene the
neighborhood task force on the district.
The university has long been nationally
recognized for its commitment to sustain-
ability. In fact, the university serves as a
living lab for sustainability with its track
record of green campus operations and
construction; sustainability-infused aca-
demics, including a renowned MBA pro-
gram in sustainable business practices; and
research in energy and the environment.
Most recently Duquesne University was
named one of the most environmentally
responsible institutions of higher learning
in the U.S. in the Princeton Review's 2018
Guide to 399 Green Colleges.
The university sees this sustainabil-
ity focus as part of its responsibility to
the future to be a good steward of natural
Courtesy Duquesne University.
resources. That includes confronting environmental problems and doing what it can to address causes and mitigate effects. Reducing energy and water consumption and promoting sustainable living are ways the institution puts such principles into action.
One of Duquesne's highest-impact sustainability achievements has been the installation of its groundbreaking, energy-efficient combined heat and power plant. The facility supplies up to 181,000 lb/hr of steam; 7,150 tons of chilled water; and 5 MW of electricity to 26 buildings on the
The Sklar Skywalk at Duquesne University connects the Power Center to the main campus.
The Duquesne University campus in Pittsburgh's Uptown neighborhood. Courtesy Duquesne University.
Sustainability on the bluff
Committed to preserving the environment, Duquesne University
is a regional pioneer in CHP.


text:
Adventist humanitarians deliever 52 tons of aid to drought-stricken region of Colombia
Volunteers load up to distribute food in La Guajira. [Image: Alessandro Simoes/Shirley Rueda]
The drought in La Guajira has led to the deaths of 29 children this year.
La Guajira, Colombia
Shirley Rueda/Inter-American Division Staff
The Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) in Colombia recently delivered 52 tons of humanitarian aid in La Guajira–one of the most remote regions in the northeastern part of Colombia. La Guajira is an arid state stricken by a severe drought that has claimed the lives of hundreds of children and livestock during the last five years.
"The crippling drought added to the closure of the border between Venezuela and Colombia and has greatly influenced the tragedy that this area has been suffering for lack of food and water, so we worked to extend assistance to families in need there," said Gabriel Villarreal, ADRA Colombia director.
Reports came in that some 29 children have died of malnutrition during the first five months of the year which drove ADRA and its group of volunteers to revisit the area with aid, explained Villarreal. In September of 2014, ADRA Colombia made its first visit to aid hundreds of families in Guajira.
"This devastating drought in Guajira has moved us into action" said Villarreal. "Most of Guajira has not received rain for several years which has affected so many communities. It really concerns us. Just to think that many of the young children in Guajira have never seen rain is astonishing."
Some 75 ADRA volunteers distributed food, clothes, shoes, offered medical care and free medicines, as well as provided haircuts and recreational activities for thousands of indigenous families strewn across the desert region during the five-day humanitarian intervention in Uribia, Jujurá, Alta Guajira, Kamushino and Puerto Nuevo, June 4-8, 2016.
Health ministry and social services officers from the mayor's office in Uribia joined the efforts and thanked ADRA and its volunteers for the community impact in the region.
"We are very grateful for the health impact that ADRA has brought," said Nayla Sierra from Uribia's health ministry office. "The municipal district of Uribia is thankful for the humanitarian work you have been providing in the different places where it's difficult to enter."
Jaineth Daza of Uribia's social services said ADRA has impressed them the most for such great work in the medical, humanitarian and food distribution in Uribia. "Truly, ADRA has been a great blessing today and we look forward to projects to benefit this community," said Daza.
The project alone has been a historic one for the church and ADRA, said Villarreal, because it involved all 17 church territories across the country. Each conference and mission territory collected funds and non-perishable items to benefit those in need in Guajira. Villarreal said the project took several initial meetings with local authorities in Guajira to identify the needs of the communities and follow-up meetings with church leaders and volunteers to coordinate, transport and finally deliver the goods.
2,600 families benefit
"The initial goal was to provide assistance to 2,400 families in Guajira, which represents some 12,000 persons, but some 2,600 families benefitted with 13,020 people lives touched with the project," said Villarreal.
Many left their homes before dawn to get in line to receive medical attention and goods from ADRA, organizers said.
Lucia Fuentes, who is from a family of 15, was among 773 grateful families who received aid from ADRA's distribution on day one in the Jujurá community. "This means so much to us, thank you for helping us," said Fuentes. She and her family were also able to get free medical screenings and haircuts. Children participated in the recreational games and activities volunteers put on.
ADRA volunteers
Without volunteers the project could not be possible, said Villarreal.
When Jenny Bonilla, a psychologist in Bogotá, saw a flyer inviting volunteers to be part of ADRA's project in Guajira in her daughter's school, she wanted to be part of it but wasn't sure if non-Adventists could join the group of volunteers. She went to the ADRA Bogota office, applied, and in matter of days bought her ticket to be part of ADRA's intervention in Guajira. She got sick and spent four days in urgent care but said God healed her. "He [God] wanted me to be here to serve and learn how so many of us are blessed," said Bonilla.
Angelica de Jesus traveled from Hawai, where she is stationed with the U.S. Army, to be part of the project in Guajira. "I had been looking for a while for opportunities to serve and when I found out from a friend back home in Colombia about this ADRA project I did everything I could to come," said de Jesús. "The greatest gift is to see the smiles on the faces of these people who we are helping. It's really the best payment that we could receive for what we are doing here," she added.
Smiling is not that common in Puerto Nuevo, expressed Josefina Palmar Pushaina, a Wayuu indian woman who is nine months pregnant with twins. She was accompanied by her three children, husband, and mother. "There's no happiness here," said Pushaina. "What we have here is need of help. We are thankful to ADRA Colombia for the help but we need more – we need water, food, and work," explained Pushaina.
She said not a drop of rain has fallen on the land in five years. "The land is not good for planting and there's no work anywhere."
Pushaina dreams for her children to have a better future.
Plans for La Guajira
ADRA does not see this just as a second-time humanitarian effort, said Villarreal.
"We are happy to provide this aid in time of emergency, but we also want these communities to return to their normal lives when there was not a drought," said Villarreal, "to help improve their lives as well," he added. The plan is to have Guajira as a starting point from among many development projects, added Villarreal.
"The idea is to turn those humanitarian aid projects into rehabilitation projects and later development projects," said Villarreal. Water supply and basic sanitation projects for communities in Guajira are at the top of the list for ADRA to head. Then nutritional recovery for children and economic development projects for craftswomen and men with working capacity will follow.
ADRA Colombia distributed non-perishable food to 13,020 in Guajira, provided 956 medical consultations, 54 dental procedures, 3,966 free medicines, entertained 640 children with recreational activities, and 1,000 clothing and shoe items for 1,900 children.
For more information about ADRA Colombia, visit adracolombia.org
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