Platform: The Zoonotic Technical Working Group (ZTWG) serves as the Platform with the Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU) as its secretariat.
Founded: After a Rift Valley fever outbreak in 2006/7, the Zoonotic Technical Working Group was created as a standing multisectoral committee on zoonoses in the country, building on the previously existing avian influenza national taskforce. In 2011, the ZDU was officially created to strengthen and maintain active collaboration between the sectors and act as the secretariat of the ZTWG.
In Kenya, the One Health approach is coordinated by the Zoonotic Technical Working Group (ZTWG), a committee of multiple stakeholders representing the core One Health sectors. To strengthen and maintain active collaboration between the sectors, the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries established the Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU) in 2011. The ZDU acts as the secretariat of the ZTWG. P&R is providing policy advocacy support to the ZDU on efforts to incorporate One Health into various sector policies and advocate for funding from the government based on a policy advocacy strategy developed with the project support. P&R is also assisting with the development of terms of reference to transform ZTWG into a One Health Technical Committee, with a wider mandate incorporating zoonotic diseases, anti-microbial resistance, food safety, and environmental health as thematic areas. The project is also supporting the development of a multisectoral framework for preparedness and response to acute public health events of initially unknown etiology and a new One Health strategic plan for the period 2018 – 2022.
Thomas Nyariki serves as the National One Health Technical Advisor for P&R for Kenya, based in Nairobi. Previously, Thomas worked as a Wildlife Expert for the African Union Inter-African Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR), providing technical advice in disease preparedness and response programs aimed at strengthening capacity of the African Union Members States to respond to avian influenza and other emerging pandemic threats. Thomas brings with him almost twenty years of professional experience, as well as his BVM, MSc, and PhD in Veterinary Pathology from the University of Nairobi.


text:
The Eternal Mother – film del 1912 diretto da David W. Griffith
 The Eternal Mother – film del 1917 diretto da Frank Reicher
 The Eternal Mother – film del 1920 diretto da Will S. Davis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The grand jury looking at possible illegal corporate spending on behalf of GOP House members ended its term Thursday, but the probe will continue when a new jury is impaneled next month, prosecutors said.
First grand jury term ends on TRMPAC investigation
2nd grand jury to hear GOP funds case; DeLay aware of rule on stepping down should he be indicted, aide says
By CHRISTY HOPPE / The Dallas Morning News
AUSTIN – The grand jury looking at possible illegal corporate spending on behalf of GOP House members ended its term Thursday, but the probe will continue when a new jury is impaneled next month, prosecutors said.
Meanwhile, a spokesman for U.S. Rep. Tom DeLay, R-Sugar Land, acknowledged there has been some quiet discussion of a rule that would mandate that Mr. DeLay step down as majority leader if he were indicted on a felony charge. But the spokesman said such talk is premature.
The Travis County grand jury has subpoenaed about two dozen people and piles of records in its study of about $2.5 million raised from corporations by two groups in the 2002 House races. It is a felony to use corporate or union contributions to advance a candidacy, although they can be used for a political action committee's administrative expenses.
The investigation could come down to an interpretation of administrative expenses. Prosecutors contend that is rent and utilities, but Texans for a Republican Majority, a group started by Mr. DeLay, has argued that corporate spending is illegal only if used for direct contributions to candidates.
The corporate funds raised by TRMPAC were used for polling, phone banks, fund raising and political consultants. TRMPAC says those count as administrative expenses.
The Texas Association of Business is being investigated for spending $1.9 million from undisclosed corporate donors to target and attack the Democratic candidates in 21 key House races. TAB has argued that the mail-outs were "issue ads" and can't be considered political contributions.
On Thursday, an article in Roll Call said colleagues have discussed the possibility of Mr. DeLay stepping down if he is indicted, as mandated under House Republican Conference rules.
"It would be premature to have any discussions about utilizing that rule, but obviously that rule exists. If it came to that, it would be utilized," DeLay spokesman Stuart Roy said.
Mr. Roy said Mr. DeLay hasn't been asked to testify. "We assume he will be at some point in time," Mr. Roy said.
Staff writer Todd J. Gillman in Washington, D.C., contributed to this report.
Labels: News Clips

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Іва́н Володи́мирович Ковальо́в ( , слобода Бєлогор'є Павловського повіту Воронезької губернії, тепер село Павловського району Воронезької області, Російська Федерація — , Москва) — радянський діяч, міністр шляхів сполучення СРСР. Депутат Верховної Ради СРСР 2-го скликання. Депутат Верховної Ради УРСР 3-го скликання. Генерал-лейтенант технічних військ. Доктор військових наук (1967), професор (1969).

Біографія
Народився у селянській родині. Після закінчення в 1913 році початкової школи працював у сільському господарстві батька.

З березня 1919 року — в Червоній армії, червоноармієць-розвідник 31-го Туркестанського артилерійського дивізіону, 3-го і 112-го батальйонів Всеросійської надзвичайної комісії. Учасник бойових дій на Південному фронті. У 1921 — 1922 р. — курсант військово-залізничної школи техніків у місті Воронежі.

Член РКП(б) з 1922 року.

У 1922 — 1923 р. — запасний агент, помічник начальника станції 10-го залізничного полку, потім батальйону Кавказької армії. У 1923 — 1925 р. — політичний керівник роти 13-го Воронезького залізничного батальйону, потім 7-го Козловського залізничного полку.

У 1925 — 1926 р. — слухач Курсів удосконалення командного складу в місті Ленінграді.

У 1926 — 1930 р. — командир взводу, командир-політичний керівник роти 7-го залізничного полку в місті Козлові.

У 1930 — 1935 р. — слухач Військово-транспортної академії РСЧА імені Лазаря Мойсейовича Кагановича.

У 1935 — 1936 р. — старший інспектор Народного комісаріату шляхів сполучення (НКШС) СРСР. У січні — липні 1936 р. — начальник контрольно-інспекторської групи при управління Московсько-Білорусько-Балтійської залізниці. У серпні 1936 — квітні 1937 р. — начальник контрольно-інспекторської групи при управління Південно-Уральської залізниці. У квітні — листопаді 1937 р. — дорожний інспектор НКШС СРСР з безпеки руху на Омській залізниці.

У 1937 — 1939 р. — начальник управління Західної залізниці у місті Смоленську.

У 1939 — 1940 р. — начальник Центрального військового відділу, член колегії НКШС СРСР. У 1940 — 1941 р. — начальник управління доріг Північно-Західного напрямку.

У травні — липні 1941 р. — заступник народного комісара державного контролю СРСР з питань залізничного транспорту.

З липня 1941 року — в РСЧА: у 1941 — 1943 р. — начальник Управління військових сполучень; у 1943 — 1944 р. — 1-й заступник начальника, а у 1944 році — начальник Центрального управління військових сполучень.

У грудні 1944 — червні 1948 р. — народний комісар (міністр) шляхів сполучення СРСР.

У 1948 — 1950 р. — Уповноважений Ради Міністрів СРСР. Працював головним радником при ЦК Комуністичної партії Китаю — керівником радянських військових спеціалістів у Китайській Народній Республіці.

У серпні 1950 — 1951 р. — начальник Донецького округу залізниць у місті Харкові.

У 1951 — 1957 р. — заступник міністра вугільної промисловості СРСР з транспорту.

У 1957 — 1960 р. — старший науковий співробітник Військово-наукового управління Генерального штабу Збройних Сил СРСР. У 1960 — 1969 р. — старший викладач Військової академії Генерального штабу.

У 1969 — 1985 р. — старший науковий співробітник, завідувач лабораторії, головний дослідник Інституту світової економіки і міжнародних відносин Академії наук СРСР.

З вересня 1985 року — пенсіонер Міністерства оборони СРСР.

Похований у Москві на Троєкуровському цвинтарі.

Звання
 генерал-лейтенант технічних військ (1943)

Нагороди
 три ордени Леніна
 орден Жовтневої Революції
 три ордени Червоного Прапора
 орден Суворова 1-го ст.
 орден Кутузова 1-го ст. (3.08.1944)
 орден Вітчизняної війни 1-го ст.
 орден Червоної Зірки (1943)
 орден Трудового Червоного Прапора
 медалі

Література
 Государственная власть СССР. Высшие органы власти и управления и их руководители. 1923—1991 гг. Историко-биографический справочник /Сост. В. И. Ивкин. — М., 1999.
 Всегда на передовой. Иван Ковалёв был первым министром путей сообщения СССР

Радянські військові

Депутати Верховної Ради СРСР 2-го скликання
Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР 3-го скликання
Міністри СРСР
Радянські залізничники
Члени КПРС
Доктори військових наук СРСР


The World Health Organization (WHO) this month published new guidance recommending that women with HIV who receive combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission should remain on ART on an ongoing basis, regardless of CD4 T-cell count.
The new report comes amid growing evidence -- such as findings from the HPTN 052 trial -- showing that effective ART dramatically reduced the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partners.
Although global guidelines for low-income countries recommend starting ART when a person's CD4 count falls below 350 cells/mm3, the latest U.S. guidelines released this month advise that everyone diagnosed with HIV should consider treatment.
According to the WHO report, continuing to treat HIV positive women after delivery with a triple-combination regimen -- referred to as Option B+ -- streamlines public health efforts as all women with HIV would be treated the same, whether they are receiving ART for their own health or to prevent transmission to their babies.
Staying on ART after delivery has the added advantages of protection against mother-to-child transmission in future pregnancies, continued prevention benefit against sexual transmission to serodiscordant partners, and avoidance of stopping and starting antiretroviral drugs, which can promote development of resistance if not done correctly.
The executive summary of the WHO Programmatic Update on Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants is available online at http://www.who.int/hiv/PMTCT_update.pdf.
WHO HIV/AIDS Programme. Programmatic Update: Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection. Executive summary. April 2012.


Written by top practitioners in the field, this all-in-one text/DVD bundle is filled with practical guidance that helps you master clinical ultrasonography in a critical care environment.
A complete, hands-on guide to successful image acquisition and interpretation at the bedside. Written by top practitioners in the field, this all-in-one text/DVD bundle is filled with practical guidance that helps you master clinical ultrasonography in a critical care environment. Here, you'll learn exactly how to utilize diagnostic ultrasound as part of the physical exam, as the book examines current evidence supporting its use in the critically ill adult and child.
Organized by body system, Critical Care Ultrasonography features self-contained chapters that can be used as individual reference guides for a range of interventions, from transthoracic echocardiography to echocardiagraphic evaluation of cardiac trauma. Through this in-depth coverage, you'll get a sense of how this essential technology supports the cross-disciplinary nature of critical care. The book's authoritative content is reinforced throughout by a full-color presentation and hundreds of concept-clarifying illustrations, figures, and images.
Companion DVD features video clips that cover pediatric critical care, goal-directed echocardiography in the ICU, echocardiographic evaluation of valve function and endocarditis, and more!


text:
Is NET Compulsory for PhD as per Latest UGC Regulations, 2022?
November 30, 2022 November 29, 2022 by Satyen
The University Grants Commission holds National Eligibility Test (UGC-NET) every year at various centers across the Country. The moment UGC-NET (2022) results will be out, the number of students in India who aspire to pursue higher education will start to apply for a Ph.D. admission. But before applying to the Ph.D. program, the students must understand every minor thing involved in the admission procedures of the program because they face a lot of confusion regarding its eligibility criteria and associated kinds of stuff. As UGC has recently revised the admission rule for Ph.D. programs in India, one important thing they must know is "Is NET Compulsory for PhD?".
This article discusses the nuances of the revised norms proposed by the University Grants Commission (UGC) for Ph.D. admissions for students to understand what exactly UGC NET or Ph.D. is and what requires for access to the Ph.D. program. So, if you are a Ph.D. aspirant, please go through the complete article; it will help you to a large extent.
Updates on Revised Rules of UGC for Ph.D. Admissions 2022
The University Grants Commission has developed a draft of an amendment to the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2016, proposing revised norms regarding Admission procedure, Eligibility, duration, and standard of the PhD program. The draft was approved on the 10th of March 2022 and may be called the University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022.
According to the revised norms proposed by UGC, candidates holding four-year/eight-semester bachelor's degrees with a minimum CGPA of 7.5 (on a scale of 10) or equivalent grade point will be eligible for admission to the PhD. Program. Now the duration of the Ph.D. program will be 2 to 6 years, and the extension beyond the above limits shall be subject to the pertinent provisions outlined in the Statute or Ordinance of the specific Institution concerned but not for two years.
The candidates will have to qualify for a NET/NET-JRF or national entrance exam or any test conducted at the level of individual universities for admission. UGC has also proposed in the latest draft of the amendment to reserve 60% of the available seats for the National Eligibility Test (NET) or Junior Research Fellowship (NET-JRF) qualified candidates and 40 % seats for university/ common entrance test qualified. The changes are being introduced to meet specific objectives outlined under NEP (National Education Policy) 2020.
What is a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)?
A Ph.D. or Doctor of Philosophy is a doctoral research degree, the highest academic qualification/degree awarded to students/ candidates who complete and submit their dissertation or thesis. This doctoral degree usually takes three to five years (two to six years Under NEP 2020) to be completed in any accredited institution. The program involves doing research and writing a thesis offering an original contribution to the subjects of candidates/students.
What is UGC-NET (National Eligibility Test)?
The University Grant Commission National Eligibility Test, commonly known as UGC NET, is a national-level examination conducted to determine the eligibility of the candidates for the post of Assistant Professor and Junior Research Fellowship (JRF). On behalf of the University Grants Commission, the National Testing Agency administers the test. Candidates who successfully pass the UGC NET become eligible to apply for different Assistant Professor jobs in various Universities and Colleges. And those who qualify for NET with JRF get a stipend and other facilities granted by the UGC for pursuing their Ph.D. After completing a Ph.D., candidates can apply for Assistant Professor Jobs.
Requirement of PhD Under NEP to be an Assistant Professor
As per the revised norms proposed by the University Grant Commissions (UGC), the mandated necessity of a Ph.D. degree for recruiting an Assistant Professor has been postponed till 2023. So, the aspirants applying for the post of Assistant Professor do not need a Ph.D. for the time being. They can apply for the position based on their UGC NET scores till the determined period. This decision will be a massive relief for the candidates whose research work came to a complete standstill for almost one and a half years due to COVID- 19 crisis. Those who couldn't complete their PhD because of the pandemic have asked the government for relaxation this year regarding eligibility norms.
Eligibility Criteria for Admission to the PhD Under NEP
Listed below are the eligibility criteria that students must meet for admission to a Ph.D.program under the new education policy.
Candidates who hold Master's or MPhil degrees in respective subjects with 55% marks from a recognized University will be eligible for the PhD. Program.
Those whose M.Phil. dissertation has been evaluated and recommended for award of the degree may also be admitted to the PhD program on a provisional basis even before the viva-voice or final defense.
Candidates with a four-year/eight-semester Bachelor's degree in Research with a minimum CGPA of 7.5 (on a scale of 10) or equivalent grade point can apply for the PhD program.
Candidates who qualify for a NET/NET-JRF or national entrance exam or equivalent tests conducted by Universities/Institutions will be eligible for the program.
The NET/JRF qualified candidates have to pass interviews/viva-voce rounds. In contrast, candidates who have qualified institute/university level entrance test must pass both the written test and interview round to be eligible for the program.
Candidates seeking admission to the PhD in specialized fields like engineering and technology require a valid Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) mandatorily.
Is NET compulsory for PhD Under New Education Policy?
Now, it's time to discuss the most crucial question, "Is NET Compulsory for PhD?" under UGC regulations 2022. As per the revised norms proposed by the UGC for admission to the Ph.D. program, all universities/institutes shall admit PhD. Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test or equivalent tests conducted by Universities/Institutions. But, 60 percent of the total seat of the academic year will be reserved for NET/JRF qualified candidates, and the remaining 40 percent will be for the university/common entrance test qualified students.
However, it is always advisable for PhD aspirants to qualify for UGC NET/JRF for better opportunities or jobs and promotions in the future. Candidates who qualify for a national-level eligibility test like UGC NET, their standing and merit are determined by the recruiters or universities on a national level which provides more accreditation to the candidates. The most important thing is the Ph.D. courses are expensive, and qualifying for JRF helps the candidates financially. Under JRF, candidates get a stipend and other facilities like HRA.
FAQs related to "Is NET Compulsory for PhD Under NEP?"
Q. Is net compulsory for PhD 2022?
Ans:- As per the UGC Regulations 2022 for admission to the Ph.D. program, all universities/institutes shall admit Ph.D. Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test, or equivalent tests conducted by Universities/Institutions. But, 60 percent of the total seat of the academic year will be reserved for NET/JRF qualified candidates, and the remaining 40 percent will be for the university/common entrance test qualified students.
Q. What are the new rules of PhD in UGC?
Ans:- Candidates who hold a four-year/eight-semester bachelor's degree with a minimum CGPA of 7.5 on the scale of 10 or equivalent grade point are eligible for a PhD program. UGC has also proposed in the latest draft of the amendment to reserve 60% of the available seats for the National Eligibility Test (NET) or Junior Research Fellowship (NET-JRF) qualified candidates and 40 % seats for university/ common entrance test qualified.
Q. Who is exempted from PhD course?
Ans:- A candidate who has completed MPhil in full-time mode with relevant course work and is pursuing research in the same field, he/she may be given an exemption from the course work in the Ph.D. program on the recommendation of the Research Committee.
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Indian Chilli is mainly exported to Bangladesh, Bahrain, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, USA and UAE.
Even though exact area and production details on organic chilli in the country is not available, it is known that organic chilli is cultivated in some areas of tribal region of Khandamal Orissa, hills of Uttarakhand and in some parts of Tamilnadu as well as Maharashtra. In Uttarakhand, organic chilli is being grown in the bio villages identified by the Directorate of Agriculture in various districts. Even though the area under certified organic chilli at present is small, the same is likely to go up due to preference by the farmers.
Chilli requires a warm and humid climate for its best growth and dry weather during the maturation of fruits. Chilli crop comes up well in tropical and sub-tropical regions, but it has a wide range of adaptability and can withstand heat and moderate cold to some extent. The crop can be grown over a wide range of altitudes from sea level upto nearly 2100 m above MSL. It can be grown throughout the year under irrigation. It can be grown successfully as a rain-fed crop in areas receiving an annual rainfall of 850-1200 mm. Heavy rainfall leads to poor fruit set and in association with high humidity leads to rotting of fruits. Pungent chilli are susceptible to frost. A temperature ranging from 20-25°C is ideal for chilli. In chilli fruit development was found to be adversely affected at temperatures of 37°C or more. High temperature associated with low relative humidity at flowering increases the transpiration resulting in shedding of buds, flowers and small fruits.
Chilli can be grown in a range of soils, but black soils which retain moisture for long periods are suitable for rainfed crop whereas well drained soils, deltaic soils and sandy loams are good under irrigated condition. However, in hills of Uttarakhand, chilli are grown in a wide range of soils ranging from sandy to clay loam mixed with gravel and coarse sand.
For organic cultivation of chilli, a buffer zone of 7.5 - 15 m is to be left all around the conventional farm, depending upon the location of the farm. The produce from this buffer zone shall not be treated as organic.
Land is prepared to a fine tilth by thorough ploughing / digging. Two to three ploughings are done to bring the soil to fine tilth. Stones and gravel are to be removed. In case of direct sowing, three to four ploughings are undertaken and sowing is done along with the last ploughing. The soil can be treated with azatobacter or azospirillum @ 1-1.25 kg mixed with 50 kg of farm yard manure and the same may be broadcast in the field. Farm Yard manure @ 4-6 t and 1-2 t of vermicompost can be added per acre.
Chilli is propagated by seeds. For raising nurseries, seeds of high yielding varieties with tolerance to pests and diseases may be used. They should be carefully selected from certified organic farms or from own seed plot which is raised organically. To start with, chemically untreated seeds from local high yielding varieties could also be used, in the absence of organically produced seeds.
Pusa Sadabahar, Pusa Jwala and Pant C-1 are the chilli varieties for cultivation in Uttarakhand. However, many of the farmers are growing varieties procured from Pantnagar for long and even using their own seeds.
Seeds should not be treated with any chemical fungicides or pesticides. However, it is always beneficial to adopt indigenous practices for seed treatment, wherever possible. The seeds may be treated with Trichoderma and Psuedomonas sp. @ 10 g per kg of seed to prevent incidence of seedling rot in the nursery. The ideal time for raising nursery is February - March in the hills of Uttarakhand. Transplanting would be done during the months of April - May. 400 g of seeds would be sufficient for raising nursery for transplantation in an area of acre.
Fresh seeds are sown in well prepared nursery beds. Although it can be sown by broadcast method in the main field, transplanting method is preferred for better quality and survival. The nursery bed is usually raised from ground level and is prepared by thorough mixing with compost and sand. Seeds treated withTrichoderma are sown and covered thinly using sand. The seeds germinate in 5 to 7 days. About 40 - 45 days old seedlings are transplanted in the main field.
40-45 days old seedlings are used for transplantation. Transplanting is generally done during the April-May in the hills of Uttarakhand. Seedlings are transplanted in shallow trenches / pits or on ridges / level lands. In some places, 60 cm x 60 cm or 45 cm x 30 cm or 30 cm x 30 cm spacing is also followed. However, a spacing of 60 cm x 30 cm with a plant population of about 22200 seedlings per acre or 45 cm x 45 cm with a plant population of 19750 per acre are considered optimum.
Direct sowing is practiced under rainfed conditions. For direct sown crop, the seeds are drilled by the end of March or first week of April. Seed rate is 2.5-3.0 kg per acre. After 30-40 days of sowing, thinning and gap filling is done on a cloudy day.
Chilli cannot withstand heavy moisture. Hence irrigation should be given only when necessary. Frequent and heavy irrigation induces lanky vegetative growth and cause flower shedding. Plant growth, branching and dry matter accumulation are adversely affected by excess irrigation. The number of irrigation and interval between irrigation depends on soil and climatic conditions. If the plants show drooping of leaves at 4 p.m., it is an indication that irrigation is needed. Flowering and fruit development in chilli are the most critical stages of water requirement. Normally chilli is grown under rain-fed condition. However, under irrigated condition, care should be taken to avoid using water contaminated with fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides. Irrigation should be done judiciously. Stagnation of water should not be allowed in nursery beds and fields in order to avoid fungal infection.
Grown up seedlings raised by sowing through broadcasting method or in line in ridges should be thinned out by hand 25 to 30 days after sowing the seeds to maintain a plant population of about 30 to 60 plants/m2. The plant density to be maintained finally may depend on the nature and fertility of the soil. On marginal soil, the population is maintained high. Generally two weedings/hoeings are required to keep the field free from weeds, the first within 20-25 days of sowing and the other after 20-25 days of the first weeding/hoeing. Wherever needed, depending on the weed growth one or two more weedings may be taken up. Weeds which attract pests should be allowed to grow in the field to act as trap and removed before flowering. Earthing up is carried out as and when necessary. Chilli can be cultivated organically as an inter or mixed crop provided all the other crops are grown under organic methods. It is desirable to include a leguminous crop in rotation with chilli.
Organic manures such as farmyard manure is applied @ 4 t/acre. However, it is always advisable to use compost/farmyard manure from own farm rather than from outside the farm. Restricted use of permitted mineral fertilizers under organic system can be done depending on requirement, on the basis of soil analysis. Use of bio-fertilizers can also be resorted to in combination with organic inputs.
Thrips, mites, aphids, root grubs and pod borers are the major pests in chilli. To avoid infestation of root grub, only well rotten farmyard manure should be applied in the field. Application of neem cake @ 100 kg/acre is advisable for control of root grubs. Change in the agronomic practices to disturb the life cycle of the grub is also found useful. To control the infestation of root grub, light traps can be laid out from March. Grass can be heaped at different places in the field and the grubs which accumulate in these heaps may be collected in the early morning and destroyed. 400 g/acre of Beauvaria bassiana may be broadcast in the field. Transplanting before first fortnight of April also helps in reducing the incidence of root grub.
Application of neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) can be done for control of thrips, aphids and mites. 10 kg of neem seed kernels may be boiled in 15 l of water. 200 ml of this extract may be mixed in 15 l of water and four to five sprays may be given to control sucking pests. Farmers also use seed extracts of Bakaine (Melia azadirach) along with Bichoo Grass (Urtica dioica) for control of pests. Release of larvae of Chrysoperla cornea, a bio control agent, once in 15 days is also helpful in controlling thrips and mites. Fruit (pod) borers are the major pests which cause considerable damage to the crop. They can be managed to a certain extent by adoption of bio control measures. Restricted installation of pheromone traps in the field @ 5 no. per acre helps to monitor the adult moths. Ten days after spotting the moths in the traps, 4-5 spraying with Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) @ 200 LE (larval equivalent)/acre is beneficial to control the early larval stage of the pod borers. The egg masses of Spodoptera borer can be mechanically collected and destroyed. Trichogramma, an egg parasite, may be released two days after appearance of moths. Spraying of neem products like neem oil, neem seed kernel extract and restricted use of Bacillus thuringiensis @ 0.4 kg/acre are beneficial. All the shed fruits and part of inflorescence should be collected and destroyed at regular intervals.
Chilli is highly perishable in nature. It requires more attention during harvest, storage and transportation. Harvesting should be done at the right stage of maturity. Dark green fruit should be plucked for preparing chilli pickle. For dry chilli and for making chilli powder, picking should be done when the fruit is dark red. Ripe fruits are to be harvested at frequent intervals. Retaining fruits for a long period on the plants causes wrinkles and colour fading. Crop is ready for harvesting in about 90 days after transplanting. About 5-6 pickings are made for dry chilli and 8-10 pickings for green chilli.
The crop duration of chilli is about 150-180 days depending on variety, season and climate, fertility and water management. The growth of chilli comprises of vegetative and reproductive phases. In general , the vegetative phase in chilli extends to 75-85 days followed by 75-95 days of reproductive phase. The vegetative phase is characterised by increase in plant height with profuse branching. Heavy branching is preferred for better aeration and sunlight infiltration into the canopy over compact varieties. This also helps in preventing fruit rot. Flowering starts from 80-85 days of the crop or 40-45 days after transplanting. Chilli plant is an often cross pollinated crop with 50% of natural crossing. For fruit development and maturity about 40 days time is required after anthesis and pollination.
The yield of fresh chilli varies from 30-40 q/acre depending on variety and growing conditions. Out of 100 kg of fresh fruits 25-35 kg of dried fruits may be obtained. The yield of dry chilli is expected to be in the range of 7.5 to 10 q/acre. However, in the present model, yield of 8 q/acre has been assumed.


A flying trade on Monday at Gortin Mart.
Fat lambs sold to £110, store lambs sold to £99.50, fat ewes sold to £120 and ewes and lambs sold to £230.
Fearghal McKenna £110/36kg, Donald Fleming £109.50/30kg, Francis Bradley £106.50/25kg, Rebecca Beattie £106.50/5kg, Kennedy Hunter £106.50/30kg, Gary Heslip £106/28kg, A on £105.80/26kg, M McGuigan £105.50/26kg, McCullagh £106/26kg, Trevor Turkington £105.80/26kg, Barry McNamee £105.50/25kg, Sean McEldowney £105.50/28kg, Kenneth Johnston £105/26kg, Rosmary and Chris McCullagh £105/26kg, Stephen Lindsay £103/26kg, Sean Daly £102/25kg Fearghal McKenna £105/28kg, John Blair £105/27kg, Michael O'Neill £104.80/26kg, W McLaughlin £104.50/26kg, Patrick Kelly £104.50/24kg, John Blair £104.50/25kg, William Morgan £104.50/27kg, W McLaughlin £104.50/26kg, Patrick McNulty £104/26kg, Ruairi Daly £102/24kg, J McCrea £101/24kg, Andrew Fleming £101/24kg, Michel O'Neill £101/23kg, E Steel £100.50/26kg and Ian Alexander £100.50/24kg.
Sean Daly £99.50, Patrick McNulty £98, J and H Foster £92, Thomas McGarvey £90, W Moore £90, Stephen Lindsay £87, M McGuigan £85 ,J McCrea £80, J and H Foster £80, G Bradley £80, James Harkin £80, Michael McCullagh £78, Michael O'Neill £75, Kennedy Hunter £75, Alan Speers £75 and Richard Mowbray £71.
Robert Robinson £120, Gordan Gibson £115, £110, Kennedy Hunter £110, Vincent Keenan £108, Thomas McGarvey £108, £102, J and H Foster £105, £102, Gordan Gibson £105, Alan Speer £104, George Gallagher £100, Kennedy Hunter £96, Andrew Fleming £95, Richard Mowbray £94, J and G Blair £92, J and H Foster £92, Michael Cartin £90, A Moore £90, Barry McNamee £90 and Stephen Lindsay £87.
Paul Deeney £230, £212, £170, £162, Barry McNulty £210, £168, £160, £160, Ian Hamilton £160, £155, £155, £150 and Paul Deeney £158, £152, £150.


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The good old days will return
In his best-selling book, Canadian economist Jeff Rubin explains how rising energy prices will affect our daily lives
Michael Woods
Increases in oil prices kickstarted the recent recession, but filling up at the pump is bound to get more expensive as oil becomes scarcer, according to Jeff Rubin's book.
Why Your World is About to Get a Whole Lot Smaller
By Jeff Rubin Copyright 2009
If Jeff Rubin is right, you can say goodbye to Atlantic salmon and Florida oranges in the wintertime—at least for the foreseeable future.
For nearly two decades before stepping down earlier this year, Rubin was the CIBC World Markets chief economist. He has become known for accurately predicting fluctuations in the Canadian dollar, interest rates and trends in the real estate market. He was also one of the first economists to predict the rise in oil prices to triple digits that occurred in 2008.
From that reputation comes Rubin's first book, Why Your World is About to Get a Whole Lot Smaller. The book is now sitting in the fifth spot of the Globe and Mail bestseller list.
Rubin tells us the developed world's dependence on oil is about to lead us down a radically new path. Although oil use has shrunk as a percentage of GDP, we're still using more of it than ever before. It's also harder and more expensive to drill it, a trend that will only continue.
Oil prices are always linked to economic growth. Recessions in 1973, 1991 and last year were all preceded by a spike in oil prices. Whenever this one ends, Rubin expects oil prices to shoot up again—this time for good.
Rubin notes the service sector has grown to 70 per cent of America's GDP since the 1950s, while manufacturing has fallen from 30 per cent to 10 per cent, meaning few manufactured goods sold in America are produced domestically. Soon, though, it will make more economic sense to buy locally than import from China or India. Our own worlds will become a lot smaller, but the world itself will seem much bigger. Local economies will spring up yet again. North America's industrial heartlands will be revitalized, because it'll be cheaper to trade locally than ship from abroad.
Ultimately, Rubin writes, the basic equation that links oil consumption to economic growth needs to change. Whether that's happening anytime soon is up for debate – but until it does, say goodbye to that varied selection of French wine at the LCBO. For anyone who hears about oil depletion all the time but isn't quite sure what it actually means for our lifestyles, this book is a must-read. Reading a book by a leading economist is sometimes intimidating—they're often loaded up with graphs and tables, enough to scare away the average liberal arts student—but Rubin presents his arguments in a compelling and accessible way. No scary data charts here.
Although it's a great read, the book's limited by its purely economic focus. Rubin takes a thorough look at the economic ramifications of peak oil, but only briefly alludes to its potential societal effects near the end of one of the chapters when he notes that in times of recession, people generally get more xenophobic.
Rubin isn't a political scientist, and he isn't trying to be. A reader looking for more than an economic analysis of the effects of peak oil is probably in the wrong place. But Why Your World is About to Get a Whole Lot Smaller is a must-read for anyone interested in our planet's economic future.


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text:
Rightmire and Voorhees Family
THE RIGHTMIRE AND VOORHEES FAMILY
by Eleanor Aamodt
James Marion Rightmire was born to Harrison and Melinda Wilson Rightmire on Sept. 17, 1866 in Hardin County, Ohio. His father, Harrison , had served in the Civil War as a member of Company A., Ohio Volunteers from Nov. 4, 1861 until Aug. 29, 1862. He was wounded at the Battle of Shiloh, loosing three fingers on his right hand.
Approximately in 1866, the Rightmire family moved to Nebraska by covered wagon, homesteading near Omaha. They sold this land in April, 1871 and moved to Tekahama, Nebr. In 1879 they moved to Madison County to establish a timber claim. They later moved into Tilden, Nebr. As a young man Marion came to eastern Wyoming and worked for the OW Cattle Co. He returned to Tilden, where he met and married Minnie Belle Moore on March 4, 1896 at Battle Creek, Nebr.
Minnie was born to Henry and Charlotte Doud Moore Oct. 22, 1871 in Genoa, Ill. They came to Nebraska arriving Sept. 19, 1882.
Marion and Minnie had two children, Edna Charlotte, born Dec. 15, 1896 and Hugh on March 2, 1903. Hugh died of whooping cough on Feb. 2, 1904 and is buried in the McCoy Cemetery between Tilden and Meadow Grove, Nebr.
Marion never forgot Wyoming and many of their relatives had made their home in Niobrara County and Goshen County. In 1914, he brought his wife and daughter and possessions to Wyoming by train to homestead in Sunshine Valley in northern Goshen County.
They unloaded at Van Tassell, stayed with the Ora Abel family the first night, then traveled on to Node and stayed with Will and Mattie Harvey, Marions sister, before they came to their new home on the prairie.
Archiebald Byron Voorhees was born to Zara and Alice Beeles Voorhees Jan. 28, 1885 in Jerauld County, South Dakota. He had four brothers, Manley, Duane, Arthur and Lester, and three sisters, Clara, Blanche and Inez. He attended country schools and the Free Methodist Seminary in Wessington Springs, S.D He entered the Grand Island Business college and played on the football team until he was forced to return to Wessington Springs for health reasons.
In the spring of 1913, he and his sister Inez came to Wyoming to homestead in Sunshine Valley. Their homesteads joined each other and their north boundries were the Niobrara County line. They came to Wyoming by immigrant train to Van Tassell. This was the common debarking point for people coming to eastern Wyoming in the teens.
While they were unloading his team and belongings, he climbed the sandrock bluffs to survey this new land on which he was to make his home for the rest of his life.
While up there, he carved his initials in the bluff as many people before him had done. Mr. George Siebken took him to his new home. He called his homestead "Calamity Hill", as it was the highest land around the valley and a calamity was always happening. His brother Manley came in 1914 to stay with Archie and built a small two-story house and barn for him.
In South Dakota, he had always picked up bullsnakes by the tail and snapped their heads off. He continued to do so until he picked up a Wyoming rattler snapped the head off, the head flew back hitting him in the chest. Needless, to say, he soon found other methods of disposing of them!
Rightmires were neighbors to the south of Archie. Archie played the guitar and and Rollo Porter played the fiddle for neighborhood dances. He met Edna at a dance at Al Riders. They were married on Sept. 27, 1916 at Lusk, Wyo. by Rev. E. A. Blenkarn, the Congregational minister.
They had two daughters. Alice Athalia born Nov. 5, 1921 and Rosemary Elaine March 15, 1928. The summer of 1914, Edna recalls going to Van Tassell after the mail and some supplies. A fire had been started by a man stirring ashes. She could see the smoke from Van Tassell. This turned into quite a prairie fire and it burned up to Rightmires land before it was put out. Cowboys from the big outfits and all the homesteaders turned out to fight fires with wet gunny sacks and shovels. Mrs. Finton always kept a barrel of water they could use to wet their gunnysacks with.
Archie and Edna lived at Calamity Hill till 1920. They farmed and raised a few cattle. Rye was their main money crop and they raised corn and oats for feed. They also always raised a large garden for vegetables for the table. When all their horses died of what was known as "loco", Walt Rymal loaned them a team of mules and Billy Barrett loaned them a team of horses. Billy's horses were the only ones in the community that didn't die. Archie always kept this team in the barn and didn't turn them out to pasture. Perhaps this is what saved them.
When the weather and roads permitted they took a team and wagon and picnic to Harvey Draw in the Rawhide Buttes for fire wood. They would also visit with Frank and Nora Rider. If they couldn't get to Rawhide for fuel they would collect dried "cow chips" from the pasture to burn. This was a common practice among homesteaders.
They first got their mail at Van Tassel then at Node. In 1915 a post office was established called Pleazal. They received their mail here until it was abandoned in 1921. They then got their mail on a route from Jay Em. By this time, they were traveling to Jay Em to trade as it was about 8 miles away.
In 1920 Archie and Edna rented the Whitesides place and moved on to it. Their neighbors and closest friends were Billy and Mabel Barrett. Edna recalls one accident. Billy was pulling a well and some thing slipped. It injured his hand quite severely. Mabel wasn't home so he wrapped a bandage around it and walked approximately two miles to Archies. They took him in exhausted and in great pain. She had to soak the dried bandage off, while she was cleansing and dressing the wound, he fainted away. The closest doctor was in Lusk.
Edna's cousin, Fae Lynn was a registered nurse so she helped many sick people in the community. Otherwise they took care of wounds and sickness with their "Dr. Book", common knowledge and a good supply of turpentine. These two couples remained life long friends. One time when Marion had injured his finger, he had wrapped a rag soaked in turpentine around it. He struck a match to light his pipe and the rag flamed. He sure ripped it off in a hurry.
Archie had bought a white mare dappled with brown spots from Will Harvey in approximately 1920. She had a colt with deformed jaws. This colt died from malnutrition.Walt Rymill liked the mare so Archie sold her to him. He bred her to a palomino stallion. Her colt was palomino and was sold to Roy Rogers for the first "Trigger".
When Archie and Edna left the Whiteside's place, Archie went to work for Granville Tinnen in 1923. Edna helped Mrs.Tinnen with the cooking and house work. When they left there, they moved in with Edna's parents, Marion and Minnie Rightmire. They lived together the rest of their lives. They spent Sundays visiting with relatives and neighbors.
Their first car was a 1916 Roadster bought in 1921 from Billy Barrett. They affectionately called it "Blue Liz".
Early in 1926 they moved to Node to work with the C&NW railroad section crews. Calamity Hill now belongs to Charles Can field and the Rightmire place to Andrews Livestock Company.
At Node, they lived on the Fred Chris tianson place until Will Harvey sold his possessions. Then they rented his home in Node until they moved to Lusk in the fall of 1927.
Approximately in November 1927 they bought their home at 734 South Linn Street in Lusk. This home was the birthplace of their daughter, Rosemary, and two grand children. Rosemary was married to Herbert F. Tadewald on Sept. 26, 1946, and Marion died at this home on June 5, 1945. Archie was at home until an hour before he died. So this home has been the scene for many happy and sad family events.
Minnie was not in good health the last few years of her life and she spent many hours writing poems of her childhood and other times. She died after gall bladder surgery on Jan. 30, 1937. She and Marion are both buried in the Lusk Cemetery.
During the depression, work was not to be had, so Marion and Archie did any kind of job that was available. Archie worked as an apprentice electrician on the Ranger Hotel under the direction of Mr. Sacqsue in 1927 and 1928. He worked at the power plant for the Town of Lusk November 1928 - Decem ber 1932 under L. S. Berry, along with Fred Williams. During February-April 1931, Marion worked as a rock crusher laborer for the Town of Lusk. He also worked as labor er on the D.A.R. Park April and May of 1932.
Archie joined the 3C's in Aug. 5, 1934 until Jan. 2, 1935 He was a power plant operator at the Guernsey Camp. He worked on the WPA from 1936-1940. During WW II he went to Casper and worked at the air base as an electrician during 1944 and 1945.
When he came home from Casper, there was a lot of building going on in Lusk and he started his own business as an electrician. In 1951 when the REA came to Niobrara County, he wired many country places for electricity.
He retired from this at the age of 65. He spent his days fishing and reminiscing other times with his many friends. He loved children and spent many hours entertaining his own girls, his grandchildren and great grandchildren up until the time of his death of a heart seizure Nov. 23, 1965. He is buried beside Marion and Minnie in the Lusk Cemetery.
Edna still lives at the family home - taking in ironing, raising a large garden and enjoying her family.
Obituary Rightmire, Minnie (10/22/1871 - 01/30/1937) View Record
Obituary Rightmire, James (09/17/1866 - 06/05/1946) View Record
Obituary Voorhees, Archie (01/28/1885 - 11/23/1965) View Record
Obituary Voorhees, Edna (12/15/1896 - 10/09/1989) View Record


Who is (was) the best guitarist ?
I've been in this raging debate on another mesage/chat board about who was (is) the best guitarist.
Eddie Van Halen, Eric Clapton, and Jimi Hendrix.
Now, since everyone here at TR are an Eclectic lot, I'm wondering what you think about it.
Ironically, I view an Excellent Guitarist on the same level as a Gifted Tech. The tech that intutively understands the problems, the general goal, and the means to achieve the purest and best way to achieve the goal.
Style, technique, and creativity. Anyone can mimic another's work. Anyone can duplicate (to some extent) another's style. But creativity is the crux.
Now, excuse me while I go listen to "Layla", Eruption", and "Voodoo Child".
Jimi Hendrix is one of the top three, But among the living I really like Carlos Santana. Eric has his rightful place, but is more of a writer I feel, than a performer.
Dave Grohl - Foo Fighters. The best guitarist still touring.
Robbie Krieger - The Doors.
Really hard to limit myself to five. I'm younger than the average poster (I'm guessing) at 23 these are the guitarists I grew up listening too. the people who inspired me to (at the age of 23) to buy a guitar and learn how to play.
Listening to "Everlong" "November Rain" "Fade to Black" "Heart Shaped Box" and "People are Strange"
Clapton was once asked. . . . . .
....quite some time ago, who he would like to always have as a session gutarist. His answer might surprise you. Chet Atkins. The guy was amazing.
Another one of that era was Les Paul.
How about Joe Satriani ?
by sallitt · 13 years ago In reply to Satriani ?
Glad someone remembered Billy Gibbons (my favorite)...and Muddy Waters. Add to that Mark Knopfler. Joe Satriani is great too.


text:
Flight history for Etihad Airways flight EY408
A6-ETG
STD —
STA —
FROM Abu Dhabi (AUH)
TO Bangkok (BKK)
16 Jan 2022 Abu Dhabi (AUH) Bangkok (BKK) B77W (A6-ETG) 5:16 — 06:21 —
A6-ETH
14 Jan 2022 Abu Dhabi (AUH) Bangkok (BKK) B77W (A6-ETH) 5:18 — 07:54 —
A6-ETI
11 Jan 2022 Abu Dhabi (AUH) Bangkok (BKK) B77W (A6-ETI) 5:16 — 17:48 —
More than 7 days of EY408 history is available with an upgrade to a Silver (90 days), Gold (1 year), or Business (3 years) subscription.


There is a continuous effort underway in #Wikipedia to celebrate notable women. When women are seen as a role model, it is obvious that they deserve attention.
The Colorado Women's Hall of Fame is an organisation that celebrates women and every year 10 more women are included. The article on the organisation includes a list and it includes many red links. So more can be done, not only in Wikipedia but also in Wikidata.
As Wikidata is maturing, SPARQL is now of sufficient quality that many of the tools developed by Magnus are transitioning to SPARQL. This takes time and at the same time some tools are discontinued or do not fully function any more. Linked Items is one such tool. It creates a list of items that are found in a Wikipedia text. It is ideal when a text based file full of wiki links exist. It is just a matter of copying in the links and it will generate a list with Wikidata items for you. It is then needed to restrict the items that are used and it was possible to use WDQ the engine that could when SPARQL for Wikidata was a distant dream. Sadly it does not work anymore.
A solution is taking the list of items and copying to Petscan, the tool Magnus favours. It uses SPARQL and it is something of a Swiss army knife for data. When you are used to earlier tools like Autolist, many of the assumptions are wrong and it takes time to discover how the tool works. It does and that is why there are a large number of women who are known to be on the Colorado women's hall of fame.


text:
Q: How do I add label for each of my bar plot?
ggplot(data=data2006.all, aes(x = Month,y=Cancelled)) + geom_histogram(stat="identity", fill ="Brown") + ggplot2::labs(title ="2006 Flight cancellation")

This is the code I used. May I know how do I add the number of cancellations for each bar on the plot? thank you.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Justene Gordon is the CEO of the Burdekin Association, the lead agency involved in coordinating the involvement of partnering services, securing government financial assistance and engaging with local youth, schools, parents and community associations.
"Justene is an incredibly passionate advocate for our local youth," Rob Stokes said today.
"The way Justene has been able to help coordinate our local youth support agencies, establish new community networks and start breaking down the barriers surrounding youth mental health is extraordinary.
"We do have serious issues with youth mental health in our community and it requires the holistic and sustained response which Justene is working hard to establish.
"Since its launch the Avalon Youth Hub has already become an integral service in our community and this is a testament to the enormous efforts of Justene and many others.
"We're really fortunate to have people in our community like Justene who are prepared to roll up their sleeves, get involved and be part of an important change.
"I congratulate Justene on this very fitting award, as well as everyone involved in the successful launch of the Avalon Youth Hub," Rob Stokes said.


Our office designers service and working environs cater to both present and future needs. We craft dream workplaces right from concept through completion. We guarantee a better workplace which would creatively stir the imagination of the employees and inspire them to attain productivity.


The Senate Select Committee on Ethics will conduct a Financial Disclosure Seminar in preparation for the annual filing of Financial Disclosure reports due each year on May 15. This seminar will provide a general overview of the eFD system and financial disclosure requirements. This is an excellent opportunity to prepare for the filing of member and staff reports. Located in SH-220.


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Data breaches and group litigation: Still the perfect storm?
European Union, United Kingdom April 2 2019
Many organisations feared the worst after the introduction of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in May 2018. The levels of fines that can be imposed by regulators have been significantly increased; it is easier for individuals and consumer groups to bring claims regarding a data breach; and individuals can now claim non-pecuniary damages, including for distress arising from the loss of personal data. These factors give rise to a plethora of risks and liabilities for any organisation that processes or controls personal data, and also for its insurers.
GDPR was automatically applicable across the entire EU, which has a population of around 512 million. As a result of the more onerous regulations and easier rules for bringing group actions, and the emergence of an expanding litigation-funder market to back them, market commentators predicted that these were perfect storm conditions that would encourage large US-style class actions for EU-wide data breaches and a substantial uptick in liabilities for large corporates. But will the class-action floodgates open and companies be held accountable? GDPR has been in force for only nine months, so it is too early to give a definitive verdict. But two recent cases in the English courts highlight some interesting possibilities, and point to different directions of travel.
Lloyd v Google
In Lloyd v Google,1 the English High Court denied Richard Lloyd the right to bring a collective action claim against Google for its alleged breaches of the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA). Lloyd, a former director of the consumer group Which?, attempted to bring a claim on behalf of an estimated 4.4 million iPhone users. It was alleged that Google secretly tracked iPhone users' internet activity without consent over 2011-12; obtained private information about users through the use of cookies; and then sold this information to third parties, who used it to target users with tailored advertisements. The method by which Google achieved this is generally referred to as the Safari workaround. The case, seen as a potential multibillion-pound dispute for compensation for using personal data without consent, attracted funds from major litigation funders.
To have a reasonable prospect of succeeding , Lloyd had to establish that he and the other claimants suffered damage. In deciding this issue, the High Court looked at two distinct issues:
Did the claim gave rise to a basis for seeking compensation under the DPA?
Was there a real prospect that the claim could progress as a representative claim under the English court Civil Procedure Rules (CPR)?
Definition of damage under the DPA
Lloyd did not argue that any distress had been suffered: he relied on the breach itself, rather than any consequences the breach had on the potential claimants. In addition, the extent of any damage suffered will be fact-dependent, and may differ between individuals. Lloyd sought damages on a tariff basis, rather than on the basis of actual damages suffered per claimant.
The definition of damage in the DPA was closely examined in an earlier English case against Google in 2015. In Vidal Hall v Google,2 which also concerned the Safari workaround, the Court of Appeal awarded compensation for the claimants' severe emotional distress and anxiety as a result of Google obtaining, without their consent, information on their internet habits, which was later provided to third-party advertisers. This widened the previous interpretation by the courts, which limited compensation to circumstances where individuals had suffered financial losses.
In Lloyd, the High Court held that although Google's actions may have been an actionable breach, Lloyd fell short of establishing that he, or indeed any of the potential claimants, suffered any damage as a result of the alleged breach.
Limits to collective action claims
The second issue considered by the High Court was whether Lloyd should be allowed to bring a collective action claim on behalf of all the iPhone users reportedly affected by the breach. Despite several arguments as to why the claim should proceed, the court held that the claim did not meet the requirements for a collective action claim under the CPR for three reasons:
The members of the class could not all have the same interest. The value, nature and the extent to which each individual would be affected by the breach would vary dramatically. As such, there was no uniformity to their respective claims.
Neither Lloyd nor the court could accurately identify all the members of the class, despite a public appeal to identify affected users. The court highlighted the various estimates of the class size through the various definitions of class put before the court (with a variance in size of 1 million individuals). The court also noted the practical difficulties in ascertaining whether an individual would fall within the defined class.
Even if the all of the members of the class could be identified, any award received by the class members would be nominal and the main beneficiaries of the claim would be the parties' lawyers. Consequently, with regard the court's overriding objective, the court felt it was important to exercise its discretion and dismiss the claim, particularly given the amount of time and expense that would be required for it to continue for an unidentified amount of people.
The claimants' strategy of trying to use the CPR in relation to collective actions was designed to avoid the need to produce evidence from each the 5,000+ potential claimants that they had suffered distress as a result of the unauthorised use of their personal data. The claim was, therefore, that damages should be awarded on tariff basis. This gave rise to a total potential exposure for Google of between £1 billion and £3 billion. The court took the view that the real beneficiaries of the action would be the claimants' lawyers and the litigation funders, so was not prepared to allow a claim to use up valuable court time and resources where there was no evidence that any claimant had indeed suffered any loss.
Although the claim was brought under the pre-GDPR regime, it is likely that the court's reasoning and approach to mass claims for data breaches will also apply to claims under GDPR that are determined by English courts. GDPR also expressly contemplates compensation being awarded where material or non-material damage (i.e. distress) has been suffered. Although under GDPR there is power for data subjects to mandate a consumer protection body to bring claims on their behalf, claims brought in the English courts will still be subject to the same procedural rules (under the CPR) relating to bringing representative claims. In practice, this is likely to make it harder for claimant lawyers to bring mass claims. Accordingly, the High Court's dismissal of Lloyd's claim against Google will provide welcome relief to policyholders and their insurers.
Morrison Supermarkets
Another recent case involved an action brought by a large number of data subjects against their employer, Morrison Supermarkets (Morrisons), as a result of the criminal actions of a former employee, Andrew Skelton.
Skelton stole personal data (including name, address, gender, date of birth, phone number, national insurance number, bank details and salary information) of almost 100,000 Morrisons employees and deliberately downloaded the information onto a file-sharing website. Skelton had obtained the data through his position as a senior internal IT auditor at Morrisons. He had become aggrieved with the company following disciplinary proceedings relating to his misuse of the company's postal service, and sought to damage the company's reputation through the data breach and by alleging that Morrisons had failed to comply with their obligations under the DPA.
As well as illegally posting the information online, he sent copies of the data to three newspapers, one of which alerted Morrisons, who in turn contacted the police. Skelton was later arrested and sentenced to eight years' imprisonment.
The affected data subject claimants argued that Morrisons should be held vicariously liable for Skelton's misuse of personal information, breach of confidence and breach of its statutory duties under the DPA. At first instance, the High Court held that Morrisons had not breached its primary duties under the DPA, but found it vicariously liable for Skelton's actions.3 The Court of Appeal agreed with the High Court, and held that:4
The legislative regime imposed by the DPA did not exclude claims for vicarious liability.
Although Skelton had the intention of harming his employer, there was both an unbroken thread that connected his employment to the unlawful disclosure, and a seamless and continuous sequence of events that lead to the data being leaked. Skelton's actions were, therefore, carried out during the course of his employment by Morrisons, which was deemed vicariously liable.
Implications of Morrison Supermarkets
Morrisons is appealing to Supreme Court, which will have the final say on its potential liability. For now, the decision will be of concern to employers whose staff handle personal data. Despite the fact that the data breach arose solely from the acts of a rogue employee, Morrisons was still held to be vicariously liable. The courts considered only liability, and did not determine the quantum of loss. There were around 100,000 Morrisons employees who could potentially have a claim for damages for the distress of having their personal data released (there was no suggestion that any of employees suffered financial losses). Even with a nominal damages award of £100 for each claimant, this results in an aggregate exposure to Morrisons of around £10 million. But a more realistic award is likely to be in region of £1,000+ per claimant, which results in a potential of exposure for Morrisons of more than £100 million.
In addition to the liability exposure to third parties, the potential penalties under GDPR for data breaches (€20 million or 4 percent of global turnover, whichever is the higher) are significantly higher (previously the maximum fine was £500,000).
Both of these decisions highlight the growing importance of cyber insurance to reduce exposure from third parties as a result of a data breach. The availability of insurance was raised by the Court of Appeal in Morrison Supermarkets, where the employer argued that it was unjust for it to be held liable for excessive sums when the breach was not its fault. The Court of Appeal's response to that submission was that "the solution is to insure against such catastrophes; and employers can likewise insure against losses caused by dishonest and malicious employees." Insureds should, therefore, consider whether they are adequately protected by their existing insurance programmes for risks arising from data breaches, including those that arise from employees.
DLA Piper - Andrew Symons, Euan Cameron and Luke Mooney
Aviation update: UK-EU Trade Agreement and what it means for aviation post-Brexit *
BREXIT - Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the European Union and the United Kingdom - key aspects for aviation *
The UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement: Implications for technology services *
The EU Digital Finance Package Digital transformation in the financial services sector *
Brexit: Trade deal implications for UK Employment Law *
Related European Union articles
UK: How real is the threat of data protection group litigation in the UK? *
Data Protection update - October 2018 *
Data Protection update - April 2020 *
Supreme Court finds Morrisons is not vicariously liable for deliberate data leak by rogue employee * - United Kingdom
Court of Appeal confirms Morrisons vicariously liable for employee's deliberate actions in first successful UK class action for data breach * - United Kingdom
Morrisons Reigns Supreme * - United Kingdom
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"O site do jazz e da música instrumental brasileira."
"Explore jazz history through one photograph."
Uses the famous Art Kane 1958 photograph of 57 jazz artists in Harlem as the gateway to this historic jazz scene. In addition to the photo, you can also browse by instrument, timeline, or artist. The site also hosts a discussion forum.
"With original content and exclusive features that utilize interactive technologies, Jazz Onlineís mission has always been to increase the visibility of jazz music. By presenting the music in a manner that is accessible and entertaining, Jazz Online attracts a diverse audience, ranging from the dedicated jazz fan to the avid music enthusiast seeking to broaden their musical spectrum. Committed to expanding jazzís reach, Jazz Online is bringing you jazz at its best.
Sections include: Fresh Reviews ; Artists Q&A ; Jazz Messenger ; Jazz 101 ; Videos.
Sections include: Major Jazz Meta-Lists ; Early Jazz ; Big Band Era ; Bebop and Beyond ; Jazz Artists Sites ; Online Journals.
An impressive multimedia presentation including biographies, histories, samples of Jazz styles and techniques and much more.
"...is composed of photographs, audio recordings and musical instruments from the collections of the Louisiana State Museum. Primarily dealing with traditional New Orleans jazz, the collections focus on photographs (including all of the Museum's images of Louis Armstrong) and audio recordings of musicians and bands that were primarily active in New Orleans, although many toured throughout the country and the world. The musical instruments span the makeup of a traditional New Orleans jazz band and include many examples from well-known musicians such as Louis Armstrong, Sidney Bechet, Warren "Baby" Dodds, Bix Beiderbecke and others.
Sections include: The Passion ; Jazz Styles ; Jazz Timeline ; Etymology ; Milestones ; A Great Day in Harlem ; Festivals ; Newsstand ; Public Domain ; Discussions ; Photo Gallery ; Jazz Improvisation ; MIDI Definition ; Music Instruction ; Teacher Locator ; Piano Chords & Scales ; Guitar Chords ; Jazz Glossary ; Basic Musicianship ; Other Sites.
"...a place to study and enjoy the music of these early "Jazzmen". Due to recent advances in technology it is now possible to broadcast text, music, and pictures around the world via the Internet. This site is an experiment in using this new multimedia technology. We hope it will combine the best of books and audio recordings, into valuable and enjoyable tool for appreciating this music and the men and women who produced it."
Includes a section on Musical Kansas City.
27 digital clips from the Schomburg Center Video Oral History Gallery.
"Celebrating a Century of Satch - 1901-2001"
"One of seven segments of Armstrong's career can be selected in the menu at the left. From there, you can view comprehensive lists of information: Recording date; Artist; Song title; Composers; Matrix # (the reference number used by the record company when accessing an acetate or tape for pressing records); Record label and release number of first issue; and CDs (or, in some cases vinyl LP) where the song can be found."
Sections include: Greeting ; Biography ; Music ; Achievements ; Photos ; Library ; Orchestra.
Web companion to the TV broadcast of the independent film by Joel Katz.
"STRANGE FRUIT explores the history and legacy of a song unique in the annals of American music. Best-known from Billie Holiday's haunting 1939 rendition, the song 'Strange Fruit' is a harrowing portrayal of the lynching of a black man in the American South...The film tells a dramatic story of America's past by using one of the most influential protest songs ever written as its epicenter."
Sections include: Feature Essay (by Gerald Early) ; Filmmaker Interview ; Career Timeline ; Additional Footage.
jazz composer and bassist Charles Mingus. This site exists to maintain the historical record and archival materials of one of America's greatest twentieth composers, and to promote Mingus music as it is being played today."
"Composer, arranger, performer and band leader; hear Mulligan, in his own words, on music & history."
Sections include: News ; Biography ; Career Highlights ; Fast Facts ; Quotes ; Photos ; Music ; Tributes ; Links ; Buddy Stores.


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text:
require 'chef/nexus'
require "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../../../config.rb"

nexus 'chef-nexus rspec test' do
  nexus_url NEXUS_URL
  nexus_repo NEXUS_REPO
  nexus_auth NEXUS_AUTH
  use_auth USE_AUTH

  upload_pom true
  update_if_exists true

  coordinates 'chef-nexus-rspec-test.sub:artifact:jar:1.0.0'
  local_file '/tmp/chef_nexus_rspec_temp/has_extension.test'
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
"""Testing for migration scripts.

Only postgres is supported; if any other database backend is configured, these
tests will be skipped.

The general approach is as follows:

    1. Load a database from saved output of the `pg_dump` command.
    2. Run the migration scripts to bring it up to date.
    3. Get a dump of the resulting database. (`get_db_state()` handles this).
    4. Clear the database, and freshly initialize it (with the latest version
       of the schema
    5. Populate the database with a specific set of objects.
    6. Get a dumpof the resulting databse.
    7. Compare the two dumps. They should be the same.

"""
import pytest
from hil import api, model, server
from hil.test_common import config_testsuite, config_merge, initial_db, \
    fail_on_log_warnings, uuid_pattern
from hil.config import cfg, load_extensions
from hil.model import db, init_db
from hil.flaskapp import app
from hil.migrations import create_db
from hil.rest import local
from flask_migrate import upgrade
from os import path
import re
from pprint import pformat
import difflib

MOCK_SWITCH_TYPE = 'http://schema.massopencloud.org/haas/v0/switches/mock'
MOCK_OBM_TYPE = 'http://schema.massopencloud.org/haas/v0/obm/mock'

def create_pending_actions_db():
    """Create database objects including a pending NetworkingAction.

    The first version of this function was used to create the dump
    'pending-networking-actions.sql'.
    """
    # At a minimum we need a project, node, nic, switch, port, and network:
    api.project_create('runway')
    api.node_register(
        'node-1',
        obmd={
            'uri': 'http://obmd.example.com/nodes/node-1',
            'admin_token': 'secret',
        },
        obm={
            'type': MOCK_OBM_TYPE,
            'user': 'user',
            'host': 'host',
            'password': 'pass',
        },
    )
    api.node_register_nic('node-1', 'pxe', 'de:ad:be:ef:20:16')
    api.switch_register('sw0',
                        type=MOCK_SWITCH_TYPE,
                        username='user',
                        hostname='host',
                        password='pass',
                        )
    api.switch_register_port('sw0', 'gi1/0/4')
    api.port_connect_nic('sw0', 'gi1/0/4', 'node-1', 'pxe')
    api.project_connect_node('runway', 'node-1')
    api.network_create('runway_pxe', 'runway', 'runway', '')

    # Queue up a networking action. Importantly, we do *not* call
    # deferred.apply_networking, as that would flush the action and
    # remove it from the database.
    api.node_connect_network('node-1', 'pxe', 'runway_pxe')

def create_bigint_db():
    """Create database objects used in 'after-PK-bigint.sql'"""
    from hil.ext.switches.n3000 import DellN3000
    from hil.ext.switches.dell import PowerConnect55xx
    from hil.ext.switches.brocade import Brocade
    from hil.ext.switches.nexus import Nexus
    from hil.ext.switches.mock import MockSwitch
    from hil.ext.obm.ipmi import Ipmi
    from hil.ext.obm.mock import MockObm
    from hil.ext.auth.database import User
    from hil.ext.auth import database as dbauth
    with app.app_context():
        db.session.add(DellN3000(label='sw-n3000',
                                 hostname='host',
                                 username='user',
                                 password='pass',
                                 dummy_vlan='5',
                                 type=DellN3000.api_name))
        dell1 = PowerConnect55xx(label='sw-dell',
                                 hostname='host',
                                 username='user',
                                 password='pass',
                                 type=PowerConnect55xx.api_name)
        db.session.add(dell1)
        db.session.add(Nexus(label='sw-nexus',
                             hostname='host',
                             username='user',
                             password='pass',
                             dummy_vlan='5',
                             type=Nexus.api_name))
        db.session.add(Brocade(label='sw-brocade',
                               hostname='host',
                               username='user',
                               password='pass',
                               interface_type='4',
                               type=Brocade.api_name))
        db.session.add(MockSwitch(label='sw0',
                                  hostname='host',
                                  username='user',
                                  password='pass',
                                  type=MockSwitch.api_name))
        proj = model.Project(label='runway')
        db.session.add(proj)
        headnode1 = model.Headnode(label='runway_headnode',
                                   project=proj,
                                   base_img='image1')
        db.session.add(headnode1)
        db.session.add(model.Hnic(label='hnic1',
                                  headnode=headnode1))
        ipmi = Ipmi(host='host',
                    user='user',
                    password='pass')
        db.session.add(ipmi)
        mock_obm = MockObm(host='host',
                           user='user',
                           password='pass')
        db.session.add(mock_obm)
        node1 = model.Node(label='node-1',
                           obmd_uri='http://obmd.example.com/nodes/node-1',
                           obmd_admin_token='secret',
                           obm=ipmi)
        db.session.add(node1)

        db.session.add(model.Metadata(label='meta',
                                      value="it is a true value",
                                      node=node1))
        network1 = model.Network(owner=None,
                                 access=[proj],
                                 allocated=False,
                                 network_id="networking network",
                                 label='hil wireless')
        db.session.add(network1)
        nic1 = model.Nic(node=node1,
                         label='pxe',
                         mac_addr='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:fe')
        model.Port(label='A fine port',
                   switch=dell1)
        db.session.add(nic1)
        db.session.add(model.NetworkAttachment(nic=nic1,
                                               network_id=1,
                                               channel='vlan/100'))
        db.session.add(model.NetworkingAction(
            type='modify_port',
            nic=nic1,
            new_network=network1,
            channel='vlan/100',
            status='PENDING',
            uuid='60bcb0f3-2ee0-4efa-b6ce-e81596c6386e'))

        jim = User(label='jim',
                   password='heyimjim',
                   is_admin=True)
        db.session.add(jim)

        local.auth = dbauth.User.query.filter_by(label='jim').one()

        dbauth.user_add_project('jim', 'runway')

        db.session.commit()

        # Original password is "pass"
        db.session.query(User).get(1).hashed_password = \
            ('$6$rounds=656000$iTyrApYTUhMx4b4g$YcaMExV'
             'YtS0ut2yXWrT64OggFpE4lLg12QsAuyMA3YKX6Czth'
             'XeisA47dJZW9GwU2q2CTIVrsbpxAVT64Pih2/')
        db.session.commit()

fail_on_log_warnings = pytest.fixture(autouse=True)(fail_on_log_warnings)

# Directory containing database dumps (./migrations)
pg_dump_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), "migrations")

def drop_tables():
    """Drop all the tables in the database.

    This is distinct from db.drop_all() in that it isn't dependent on what
    SQLAlchemy thinks the schema should be; it just gets all the table names
    and drops them. This is important since in these test we are working
    with older versions of the schema.
    """
    # Notes about the implementation:
    #
    # * SQLAlchemy's inspector can do a bit more than we're using it for here;
    #   however, after fighting with all of the nitty-gritty details of
    #   using it to construct a metadata object that would let us just do a
    #   call to drop_all(), it was decided that it wsan't worth the trouble.
    # * The below constructs a raw SQL string programmatically. In general,
    #   this should set off your spidey-sense, and is not condoned outside of
    #   the test suite, or without _very_ careful consideration even within it.
    #   However, in this case the inputs are controlled, so there is no risk
    #   of malicious input. Furthermore, per the first bullet point, this was
    #   far simpler than convincing SQLAlchemy to do the right thing.
    tablenames = db.inspect(db.engine).get_table_names()
    for tablename in tablenames:
        db.session.execute('DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "' +
                           tablename + '" CASCADE')
    db.session.commit()

@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
def configure():
    """Configure HIL, and test which db we're using.

    Skips the test unless we're using postgres.
    """
    config_testsuite()
    if not cfg.get('database', 'uri').startswith('postgresql:'):
        pytest.skip('Database migrations are only supported for postgresql.')
    init_db()

def load_dump(filename):
    """Load a database dump and upgrades it to the latest schema.

    `filename` is path to the SQL dump to load, relative to `pg_dump_dir`.

    The SQL in that file will be executed, and then migration scripts will
    be run to bring it up to date.
    """
    with open(path.join(pg_dump_dir, filename)) as f:
        sql = f.read()
    with app.app_context():
        db.session.execute(sql)
        db.session.commit()
    upgrade(revision='heads')

def fresh_create(make_objects):
    """Create a fresh database, and populate it with an initial set of objects.

    The objects are created via `make_objects`. These objects should be such
    that a migrated database dump will have the same contents.
    """
    create_db()
    make_objects()

def get_db_state():
    """Inspect the database, and return a representation of its contents

    The return value is a dictionary mapping table names to dictionaries
    containing two keys each:

        - 'schema', which describes the columns for that table.
        - 'rows', which is a list of all rows in the table.
    """
    result = {}
    inspector = db.inspect(db.engine)
    metadata = db.MetaData()

    for name in inspector.get_table_names():
        schema = inspector.get_columns(name)
        tbl = db.Table(name, metadata)
        inspector.reflecttable(tbl, None)
        rows = db.session.query(tbl).all()

        # the inspector gives us the schema as a list, and the rows
        # as a list of tuples. the columns in each row are matched
        # up with the schema by position, but this may vary
        # (acceptably) depending on when migration scripts are run.
        # So, we normalize this by converting both to dictionaries
        # with the column names as keys.
        row_dicts = []
        for row in rows:
            row_dicts.append({})
            for i in range(len(row)):
                row_dicts[-1][schema[i]['name']] = row[i]

        schema = dict((col['name'], col) for col in schema)

        result[name] = {
            'schema': schema,
            'rows': sorted(row_dicts),
        }

    return result

@pytest.mark.parametrize('filename,make_objects,extra_config', [
    ['after-PK-bigint.sql', create_bigint_db, {
        'extensions': {
            'hil.ext.switches.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.nexus': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.dell': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.n3000': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.brocade': '',
            'hil.ext.obm.ipmi': '',
            'hil.ext.obm.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.auth.database': '',
            'hil.ext.network_allocators.vlan_pool': '',

            # These are on by default; disable them.
            'hil.ext.auth.null': None,
            'hil.ext.network_allocators.null': None,
        },
        'hil.ext.network_allocators.vlan_pool': {
            'vlans': '100-200, 300-500',
        },
    }],
    ['flask.sql', initial_db, {
        'extensions': {
            'hil.ext.switches.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.nexus': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.dell': '',
            'hil.ext.obm.ipmi': '',
            'hil.ext.obm.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.auth.database': '',
            'hil.ext.network_allocators.vlan_pool': '',

            # These are on by default; disable them.
            'hil.ext.auth.null': None,
            'hil.ext.network_allocators.null': None,
        },
        'hil.ext.network_allocators.vlan_pool': {
            'vlans': '100-200, 300-500',
        },
    }],
    ['pending-networking-actions.sql', create_pending_actions_db, {
        'extensions': {
            'hil.ext.obm.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.switches.mock': '',
            'hil.ext.auth.null': '',
            'hil.ext.network_allocators.null': '',
        },
    }],
])
def test_db_eq(filename, make_objects, extra_config):
    """Migrating from a snapshot should create the same objects as a new db.

    `make_objects` is a function that, when run against the latest version
        of a schema, will create some set of objects.
    `filename` is the name of an sql dump of a previous database, whose
        contents were created with the then-current version of `make_objects`.
    `extra_config` specifies modifications to the hil.cfg under which the
        test is run. this is passed to `config_merge`.

    The test does the following:

        * Restore the database snapshot and run the migration scripts to update
          its contents to the current schema.
        * Create a fresh database according to the current schema, and execute
          `make_objects`.
        * Compare the two resulting databases. The test passes if and only if
          they are the same.
    """

    config_merge(extra_config)
    load_extensions()
    server.register_drivers()
    server.validate_state()

    def run_fn(f):
        """Run the function f and return a representation of its db."""

        # We can't just do db.drop_all(), since db's metadata won't
        # necessarily reflect the contents of the database. If there are
        # tables it doesn't know about, it may raise an exception.
        with app.app_context():
            drop_tables()
            f()

        return get_db_state()

    upgraded = run_fn(lambda: load_dump(filename))
    fresh = run_fn(lambda: fresh_create(make_objects))
    drop_tables()

    def censor_nondeterminism(string):
        """Censor parts of the output whose values are non-deterministic.

        Certain objects (currently just uuids) are generated
        non-deterministically, and will thus be different between databases
        even if everything is working. This function censors the relevant
        parts of `string`, so that they don't cause the tests to fail.
        """
        return re.sub(uuid_pattern, '<<UUID>>', string)

    differ = difflib.Differ()
    upgraded = censor_nondeterminism(pformat(upgraded)).split('\n')
    fresh = censor_nondeterminism(pformat(fresh)).split('\n')

    assert upgraded == fresh, (
        "Databases are different!\n\n" +
        pformat(list(differ.compare(upgraded, fresh)))
    )


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text:
The Charlottetown Driving Park (CDP), located in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada is a harness racing track for racing standardbred horses.

History
The CDP opened on October 2, 1889, at a site along the west bank of the Hillsborough River in the rural community of Parkdale (amalgamated into Charlottetown in 1996). The facility soon established itself as one of the premiere race tracks in eastern Canada.

The track is an oval dirt surface standardbred race course. Its original judge's stand built in 1889 still stands on the inner field, having been restored in 1999. The starting gate, dating to 1948 and the first of its kind in Canada, was also restored to operational use in 1999.

During the third week of August, the CDP hosts "Old Home Week", Prince Edward Island's annual provincial agricultural exhibition running 15 racing programs over 9 days.  A newer tradition since 1960, "Old Home Week" culminates in the running of the "Gold Cup and Saucer" finale at the end of the exhibition - a race which has drawn celebrities and royalty and locals alike. It is one of Canada's premiere harness racing events and draws record breaking crowds every year.

The CDP grandstand originally housed a restaurant and enclosed and open viewing areas for both winter and temperate season racing.

In 1990, the adjacent Charlottetown Civic Centre was built onto the CDP complex. A fire in the early 1990s among the wood-constructed horse stables led to the building of many new concrete stables, although urban development pressures around the CDP site may lead to horse owners being forced to practice their animals at another site on the outskirts of Charlottetown, leaving the CDP as primarily a race facility. Today, the track is used also as a training facility for many horses and employs over 50 trainers, grooms, and horse people.

The roof of the CDP grandstand was heavily damaged by Hurricane Juan on September 29, 2003.  This development is believed to have spurred the CDP's redevelopment by the provincial government into a so-called racino.

Red Shores Racetrack and Casino

Faced with declining revenues for race betting, the provincial government looked at options for redeveloping the CDP.  Following damage to the facility by Hurricane Juan, the government entered into an agreement with the Atlantic Lottery Corporation and have been redeveloping the CDP with an improved track, lighting and a gaming facility containing Electronic Gaming Devices (EGD); such facilities are commonly termed racinos.

The gaming area is referred to as an Entertainment Centre, the name of the entire facility was referred to as the Charlottetown Driving Park Entertainment Centre (CDPEC) but in mid 2009 the names of the Charlottetown and Summerside facilities were rebranded as Red Shores Racetrack and Casino. The gaming floor in Charlottetown has 208 slot machines; including 40 stand-alone progressive slots, four linked progressives, a self-serve simulcast betting area and five Texas Hold 'Em Poker tables featuring a Royal Flush Progressive Jackpot and two blackjack tables. Summerside has 40 slot machines and two Texas Hold 'Em poker tables.

The CDPEC held the two biggest outdoor concerts ever on PEI. In 2006, hosting the Black Eyed Peas, Pussycat Dolls and others. Aerosmith and Cheap Trick, among others, then played the venue in the summer of 2007.

Today Red Shores racetrack and Casino calls itself "Atlantic Canada's Fastest Racetrack" and is the centerpiece of Prince Edward Island's harness racing industry.

External links
 Charlottetown Driving Park Entertainment Centre - official website

Horse racing venues in Canada
Harness racing venues in Canada
Sports venues in Prince Edward Island
Sport in Charlottetown


Has anyone here used both DHC's Velvet Skin and Clinque's Pore Minimizer for under your makeup to hide your larger pores? Which brand is best? Or is there another brand I should be looking at?
I used DHC's Velvet Skin this past week and just loved it! Fantastic, but wondering if there is a better--and cheaper--brand out there?
I had a sample of Clinique's pore minimizer and it felt really good, I think it worked, and helped take the shine off too. I'm going to buy the full size one now! Haven't tried DHC's tho.
I personally use Queen Helene Mint Julep mask. It is green, goes on nice and thick, you let it dry until its hard and then rinse with warm water, tightens up pores and makes skin look just nice and fresh. I have a few large pores from acne as a teenager although, since my 30s, my skin has been crystal clear! I use the mask about once every two or three weeks, works great for me.
For a primer, I like Smashbox Photo Finish. Best I've ever used.
Laura Mercier or Nars primer are the best and used most often by professional make-up artists.
I lookup up primers, and I assume that Marcier, Nars, Smashbox and all the rest are to cover the huge pores so they don't show after you put your foundation over the primer?
Yes???? The literature from Sephora.com isn't that specific. Anyone???
Yes, I use DHC velvet, but I use it as a make up base,and read that IT is the one used by most professional and celebrity make up artists. To tell you the truth, i didnt even know it was for pores , just know my makeup looks so much better using it.
I only have used Clinique my entire life. I'm 48 and don't mind saying I look younger and I credit it to the Clinique and good genes.


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Production Portfolios
Jeremy Quinn | The Website
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A director, producer and theatrical consultant; Jeremy received a BFA in Theatre from University of Miami, graduated from The NY Conservatory for Dramatic Arts, is a member of the Lincoln Center Theatre Directors Lab and has acted or directed Off Broadway, in National Tours and for numerous regional theaters. He is the former Producing Artistic Director of White Plains Performing Arts Center and in 2017 was honored to direct the 73rd Annual Theatre World Awards at the Imperial Theatre on Broadway.
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Copyright JEREMY QUINN © 2019. Designed By: MARQUEE MEDIACORP
Current Directing ProjectNATIONAL TOURING PRODUCTION
Boca Raton, Los Angeles, Dallas, Phoenix, Palm Springs, New York, Miami (2019-2020)
COMING UP NEXTRegional Touring Production
I will be directing the regional touring company of THE VICTORY DOLLS, an all-female revue dedicated to the idea that when smart, talented women work together for the greater good, nothing can stop them. Through music and great storytelling, we seek to honor our brave and courageous Veterans, Military and First Responders across the country.


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Dasani enhanced water
Coca-Cola announces May 31 the launch of Dasani Plus vitamin-enhanced flavor water beverages. The zero-calorie beverage comes in three flavors: Refresh + Revive, a kiwi strawberry flavor with 10% the recommended daily intake of vitamins B3, B6 and B12; Cleanse + Restore, pomegranate blackberry flavor containing 10% of the RDI per serving of vitamins E, B3, B6, B12 and 1 g of fiber; and Defend + Protect, orange tangerine flavor providing 10% of the RDI for vitamin E and zinc. Dasani Plus, in a 20 fl. oz bottle, will carry an SRP "competitive within the enhanced water category," the Atlanta-based firm says. Coca-Cola announced plans May 25 to acquire vitaminwater manufacturer Energy Brands (1"The Tan Sheet" May 28, 2007, In Brief)...
Coca-Cola expands reach
Coca-Cola announces May 25 it will acquire Energy Brands Inc., known as glaceau, for $4.1 bil. in cash. Glaceau's, which owns brands such as vitaminwater,smartwater and vitaminenergy, will operate as a separate business unit within Coca-Cola North America. "This structure will allow glaceau to continue to win in the marketplace by maximizing its focus, speed, sales and execution capabilities," Coca-Cola says in a release. The transaction is expected to close in the summer, subject to customary regulatory review. Glaceau most recently introduced vitaminwater xxx to the marketplace. The product contains antioxidants acai, blueberry and pomegranate (1"The Tan Sheet" April 2, 2007, p. 14)...
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Subject: Dasani enhanced water