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October 2013 | Issue 2562
Reverend Billy, The End of the World
Jeremy Scahill, Dirty Wars: The World as a Battlefield
Marina Sitrin, Everyday Revolutions: Horizontalism and Autonomy in Argentina
Victory for the second superpower (Feature)
Campaigners allege Iraqi birth defects survey has been manipulated - but fail to back up claims (News)
Council fails to evict Balcombe protest camp (News)
Campaigners misdirect arms traders (News)
'You cannot be free if you are poor' (Feature)
Nonviolence in Syria (Feature)
A Brazilian documentarist enters Syria (News)
Editorial: What we are missing (Comment)
Diary: Back from the future (Comment)
Jeremy Scahill, Dirty Wars: The World as a Battlefield (Review)
Marina Sitrin, Everyday Revolutions: Horizontalism and Autonomy in Argentina (Review)
Roouminations ... (Cartoon)
WOZA celebrates World Peace Day in Zimbabwe (News)
Pacifists win WW1 grant (News)
AWEsome blockade of Burghfield bomb factory (News)
Greenham Common 30 years later (Comment)
Activism and ... Unhappiness (Comment)
35 years ago: Nukes (Comment)
Almost ... (Cartoon)
Yma o hyd - still here! (News)
Drones - what's not to like? (News)
Come out! We have you surrounded. (Feature)
Black History Month, October 2013 (Feature)
A gun at your head (Feature)
Jean (Whitney) Kaye: 30 April 1926 - 16 September 2013 (Comment)
Review by Gabriel Carlyle
OR Books, 2012; 118pp; £7
Since creating the post-religious Church of Stop Shopping in 1999, the Reverend Billy has held services in churches, community centres, forests, fields, parking lots, shopping malls and – above all – inside brand-name stores across the US and Europe, preaching against consumerism, and for economic and ecological justice.
The creation of actor Bill Talen, the Reverend Billy is a televangelist-style preacher with Elvis hair whose antics were considered sufficiently threatening that Starbucks once issued a memo to its employees explaining how to deal with him ('What should I do if Reverend Billy is in my store?'). Friends who have taken part in his actions tell me that they were among the most moving activist experiences they've ever had.
A genre-defying (and beautifully designed) blend of words and pictures – part sermon, part personal narrative, part surreal fantasy, its brief 118 pages contain 33 images, ranging from a horse's eye and a slice of pumpkin pie to a decoration from Newton's Principia – Talen's latest book attempts to share his 'personal work at making an Earthy religion' in response to our environmental crises, the biggest of which, of course, is climate change.
'You can say one thing about the humans', he observes: 'we were a species that scribbled, texted, hologrammed, and burst a blood vessel of pixels in the final years of modern life.... Of the six known mass extinctions on Earth, this was the self-conscious one, produced and consumed in high-def, broad color with advanced compression algorithms.'
He adds: 'It was a distraction, as The End of the World approached, that there were still such great sales.'
Quoting a recent scientific article* warning that 'the global ecosystem ... is approaching a planetary-scale critical transition as a result of human influence', Talen observes that when 'this kind of scary study... pops up in newspapers as a little squib on page 8', 'I always look for the sentence that calms me down, something along the lines of "Sea-rise, population pressures and mass migrations from coastal cities will peak by the end of the century." It's that first phrase that I look for, with its promise to hold off destruction till 2100. That 80-or-90-year gift would give Lena [his 2-year-old daughter] a life.'
Politically savvy, he is also explicit about the role of militarism, his blunt assertion that 'war is crucial to consumerism' echoing New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman's infamous observation that 'The hidden hand of the market will never work without a hidden fist. McDonald's cannot flourish without McDonnell Douglas, the designer of the F-15.'
Nonetheless, Talen's fundamental message – and it is one that he practices as well as preaches – is a positive one: a call to (re)create community and take on the powers that be, nonviolently.
'People making community is a clarifying drama,' he writes, reflecting on his experiences holding a Thanksgiving dinner in the lobby of the Bank of America with a recently-evicted victim of foreclosure. It is 'a surprising prosecution of the lie that their spaces are just like our spaces and how we act in their spaces is the natural way to act in all spaces. The gravity and intensity of actual living has the effect of revealing their theft of our lives.'
Moreover, 'The End of the World insists that we stop shopping, stop banking, stop bombing – stop living in those little squares of time and space that make Consumerism run. The End of the World is giving us a few more minutes to confront the manufacturers of this over-arching con-job, the big bankers and the CEOs.'
* 'Approaching A State Shift in the Earth's Biosphere', Nature, 7 June 2012, (reported in PN 2547-48)
www.tinyurl.com/peacenews660
Topics: Visionary thinking | Corporations | Climate Change
he last large spate of
Submitted by Hicks77 (not verified) on Sat, 18/01/2014 - 11:27am.
he last large spate of doomsday theories was probably around the turn of the millennium, because big, round numbers are frightening to doom-Sayers. The most famous was probably the Y2K non-event, that predicted "the end of the world as we know it.".


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Justia › US Law › Case Law › Alabama Case Law › Supreme Court of Alabama Decisions › 1980 › American Road Serv. Co. v. Inmon
American Road Serv. Co. v. Inmon
The AMERICAN ROAD SERVICE COMPANY v. Robert F. INMON.
79-108.
Supreme Court of Alabama.
Rehearing Denied February 6, 1981.
*362 Charles Cleveland of Gordon, Cleveland & Gordon, Birmingham, for appellant.
Leo E. Costello of Costello & Stott, Birmingham, for appellee.
BEATTY, Justice.
The basic legal question on this appeal is whether this Court recognizes the intentional or reckless tort of outrageous conduct causing severe emotional distress, as proposed by the American Law Institute's Restatement (Second) of Torts § 46 (1948):
(1) One who by extreme and outrageous conduct intentionally or recklessly causes severe emotional distress to another is subject to liability for such emotional distress, and if bodily harm to the other results from it, for such bodily harm.
Until now such a cause of action has been neither accepted nor rejected in Alabama. As recently as August 31, 1979, in Lavoie v. Aetna Life and Casualty Co., Inc., Ala., 374 So. 2d 310 (1979), involving claimed relief for an insurer's bad faith refusal to pay legitimate policy benefits, we held that the trial court's grant of a Rule 12(b)(6) motion was inappropriate under the allegations of the complaint, stating at 312:
[I]t is the facts of an actual case which will breathe life into the legal theories now advanced by appellants, and their claims should not be summarily dismissed at the pleading stage....
*363 Unlike Lavoie, the theory of Section 46 now has been given full sway in the trial court: the plaintiff has alleged facts sufficient to invoke that theory, testimony has been taken, the trial court has instructed the jury upon the law of outrageous conduct, and the jury has rendered a verdict in favor of the plaintiff in the amount of twenty-five thousand dollars. From the judgment rendered on that verdict and from the order denying its post-judgment motions, the defendant has appealed.
Admittedly, our recognition of the tort of outrageous conduct, or "severe emotional distress," would authorize recovery of damages for mental suffering alone (although Section 46 also allows recovery for accompanying bodily harm). Traditionally, damages for mental anguish alone have not been recoverable in this jurisdiction. Western Union Telegraph Co. v. Jackson, 163 Ala. 9, 50 So. 316 (1909). However, if the mental suffering has been accompanied by some physical injury, damages for mental suffering have been allowed. East Ala. Express Co. v. Dupes, 271 Ala. 504, 124 So. 2d 809 (1960) (plaintiff who sustained whiplash and fracture allowed to recover for her "worry" about the future result of her injury); Macke v. Sutterer, 224 Ala. 681, 141 So. 651 (1932) (pregnant tenant who was injured from fall from steps allowed to recover from landlord damages for mental anguish (fear) because she was "caused to be in danger of a miscarriage..."); and see Bryson v. Phelps, 23 Ala. App. 346, 125 So. 795; cert. den. 220 Ala. 389, 125 So. 798 (1930) (physical damage to his automobile allowed the owner to recover damages for his delay, vexation, annoyance and mental anguish).
Other decisions and authorities reveal a remedial situation hypocritical in nature. For example, the passenger of a carrier is allowed to recover for the use of insulting language causing mental suffering because the courts have found an implied promise in fact to provide protection from such abuse. Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co. v. Mobley, 194 Ala. 211, 69 So. 614 (1915) (reversed on other grounds in Tomme v. Pullman Co., 207 Ala. 511, 93 So. 462 (1922)). Likewise it was an easy step to apply the theory of a contractual duty implied by law to make an innkeeper similarly liable. Dixon v. Hotel Tutwiler Operating Co., 214 Ala. 396, 108 So. 26 (1926). Debt collection cases allow recovery when there is a traditional tort, such as slander or a personal trespass, Maze v. Employees' Loan Soc., 217 Ala. 44, 114 So. 574 (1927); and a trespass quare clausum fregit is also sufficient to allow damages for "nervous excitement" when no physical violence was suffered. Engle v. Simmons, 148 Ala. 92, 41 So. 1023 (1906). These decisions feign to insist upon the presence of a tort of long standing when it is perfectly obvious that any injury from the traditional tort is slight and the damages sought for the mental disturbance constitute the primary (if not the sole) reason for having initiated the action. Consider Horne v. Patton, 291 Ala. 701, 287 So. 2d 824 (1974) (unauthorized disclosure by physician of his patient's condition constituted prima facie invasion of right of privacy which would authorize damages for mental suffering, shame or humiliation); Holcombe v. Whitaker, 294 Ala. 430, 318 So. 2d 289 (1975) (fraudulent misrepresentation made willfully authorized recovery for shame, humiliation, and mental anguish, adopting Morris v. MacNab, 25 N.J. 271, 135 A.2d 657 (1957), which stated: "[W]here the wrong is willful rather than negligent, recovery may be had for the ordinary, natural, and proximate consequences though they consist of shame, humiliation, and mental anguish."). The damages recoverable for mental or emotional harm thus have been described as "parasitic," that is, the right to recover for them has been dependent upon recovery for another independent, or separate, tort recognized at common law. Magruder, Mental and Emotional Disturbance in the Law of Torts, 49 Harvard L.Rev. 1033, 1048 (1936). This distinction, however, was neither significant nor followed in Herman Saks & Sons v. Ivey, 26 Ala.App. 240, 157 So. 265 (1934). In that case the defendant had sent to the plaintiff a collection letter whose terms violated a criminal statute (Code of 1923 §§ 3194, 3195; Cf. Code of 1975, *364 § 13-6-17) imposing a sanction against sending abusive letters to another which might tend to breach the peace. The Court of Appeals, in recognizing a civil cause of action in the recipient, authorized recovery of substantial damages for the plaintiff's mental anguish, annoyance and inconvenience (plaintiff also alleged that she had been made "sick and sore for a long period of time"). And in Hamner v. Bradley, 289 Ala. 624, 270 So. 2d 81 (1972), involving allegations of abusive, insulting, provocative and threatening language by an insurance agent toward a hospitalization policyholder, a convincing dissent recognized
a marked tendency on the part of many jurisdictions to recognize that the intentional infliction of mental distress by extreme and outrageous conduct constitutes a cause of action in itself, apart from any traditional tort,
citing cases from other jurisdictions, articles on the subject, and Restatement (Second) of Torts § 46 (1948).
Universal acceptance of the theory of recovery recognized in Section 46 has been slow "[b]ecause of the fear of ficticious or trivial claims, distrust of the proof offered, and the difficulty of setting up any satisfactory boundaries to liability." Comment, Restatement, supra, at 72. Perhaps the "bad faith" accusations in insurance claims, see Vincent v. Blue Cross-Blue Shield of Ala., Inc., Ala., 373 So. 2d 1054 (1979), the debt collection cases, e. g., Norris v. Moskin Stores, Inc., 272 Ala. 174, 132 So. 2d 321 (1961), and the employer-employee situations, such as Hinrichs v. Tranquilair Hospital, Ala., 352 So. 2d 1130 (1977), suggest doubts to some about the wisdom of acknowledging this cause of action.
Concerning the latter, it should be sufficient to observe that an employer, by virtue of his position, possesses no roving license to treat his employee in an extreme and outrageous manner, whether before, during or after their relationship. Cf. M. B. M. Co., Inc. v. Counce, Ark., 596 S.W.2d 681 (1980). Neither does the creditor nor the claims representative with those with whom they deal. As stated by Wade, Tort Liability for Abusive and Insulting Language, 4 Vand.L.Rev. 63, 100:
No social utility is advanced by permitting unrestrained name-calling and use of insulting language. Just as clearly, there is a mental injury to the victim of the abusive words. In the United States today intensifying emphasis is being placed upon the individual, the integrity of his personality and its legal preservation and protection.... The law cannot undertake to guarantee peace of mind or complete mental equanimity, but it can and should be ready to grant damages for emotional distress intentionally caused by unjustifiable name-calling. Administrative difficulties of trial fears of the inadequacy of juries in assessing damages or determining fictitious claims, fears of opening the flood gates of litigationhave long been regarded as insuperable. But actual experience has shown that these fears are largely imaginary. No serious difficulties have been encountered in assessing damages in the carrier cases, the collection cases and the other exceptions to the general rule. And in the states with actionable words statutes and in other jurisdictions permitting recovery for abusive language, a survey of the cases indicates that the juries have not been reckless in awarding damages but have generally returned very moderate verdicts....
There has been no flood of litigationat least so far as the appellate cases indicate. Indeed, judicial statistics show that defamation cases have proved almost an insignificant part of the total civil litigation in the trial courts; and there is no reason to believe that the number of actions for abusive language would be materially greater than those for defamatory language.
It should also be noted that this tort does not recognize recovery for "mere insults, *365 indignities, threats, annoyances, petty oppressions, or other trivialities." Comment, Restatement, supra, at 73. The principle applies only to unprivileged, intentional or reckless conduct of an extreme and outrageous nature, and only that which causes severe emotional distress. The rule itself provides that the trial court determine in the first instance whether recovery is indicated, cf. Rule 12(b)(6), ARCP. And in those jurisdictions which have recognized the cause of action, appellate review frequently has upheld the denial of recovery. See Annot., 46 A.L.R.3d 772; Annot., 86 A.L.R.3d 454. For as the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court stated in George v. Jordan Marsh Company, 359 Mass. 244, 268 N.E.2d 915, 46 A.L.R.3d 762, 767 (1971):
Fact finding tribunals, whether judges, juries or auditors, are considered qualified and competent to decide whether there is any emotional distress resulting from a recognized common law tort, and, if there is, to include compensation therefor in any damages awarded the victim. They would seem to be equally qualified and competent to decide the same issues when the claim is based on intentional acts allegedly causing emotional distress without a recognized common law tort. When some of these same objections were made to recovery for prenatal injuries, we said: "The advancement of medical science should take care of most of these arguments. The element of speculation is not present to any greater extent than in the usual tort claim where medical evidence is offered and the issue of causation must be weighed with great care. * * * The opportunity for fraudulent claims can be faced by the courts as in other types of cases. * * *"
We therefore join with our sister states of Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, Tennessee, West Virginia, Georgia, Washington, Florida, California and New York in appreciating that willful wrongs, or those made so recklessly as to equate willfulness, authorize recovery in damages for the mental suffering caused thereby, and we now recognize that one who by extreme and outrageous conduct intentionally or recklessly causes severe emotional distress to another is subject to liability for such emotional distress and for bodily harm resulting from the distress. The emotional distress thereunder must be so severe that no reasonable person could be expected to endure it. Any recovery must be reasonable and justified under the circumstances, liability ensuing only when the conduct is extreme. Comment, Restatement, supra, at 78. By extreme we refer to conduct so outrageous in character and so extreme in degree as to go beyond all possible bounds of decency, and to be regarded as atrocious and utterly intolerable in a civilized society. Comment (d), Restatement, supra at 72. See also Prosser, Law of Torts (4th ed.) at 56-60 and Wade, supra, for instances which clearly fall within the principle.
The instant case, however, does not disclose facts which bring it within that cause of action. Cf. Harris v. Jones, 281 Md. 560, 380 A.2d 611 (1977), in which the tort was recognized but the evidence adduced was insufficient to establish liability. Accordingly, it was error for the trial court to deny the defendant's motion for a directed verdict made at the close of the evidence and for judgment notwithstanding the verdict made thereafter.
The plaintiff, Inmon, established that he was employed as a field adjuster, and later as a claims supervisor, by The American Road Service Company, a subsidiary of Ford Motor Credit Company. The Service Company primarily provided insurance claim service to The American Road Insurance Company, another Ford subsidiary. Inmon was stationed in Atlanta for almost one year and in Birmingham for four years as a field adjuster, for the most part settling claims of automobile dealers carrying floor plan insurance. Based upon his examination he would prepare an estimate of the cost of repair which, when approved, would be paid by the insurance company, which *366 did not require that the repairs actually be made. According to Inmon, his first supervisor instructed him to prepare estimates on dealers' new car claims even when repairs were not needed. Thus he learned the corporate "numbers game" which was intended to favor the dealer by way of settlements which were based upon high estimates of small damage, or no damage at all. It was also part of Inmon's duty to dispose of "salvaged" vehicles, i. e., those not economical to repair. This was done by soliciting sealed bids or by an auction conducted by a salvage pool.
Following his Birmingham service, Inmon was transferred to Detroit in December, 1973 as a claims supervisor, and in August, 1974 he was transferred to Houston, Texas where he both trained and supervised adjusters. His immediate supervisor was Donald Brady, District Manager. Brady's immediate superior was Jim Wooley, who in turn was supervised by J. E. Neeley, Field Operations Manager. Inmon's progress reports up to this time were favorable. Nevertheless Inmon became interested in employment with another subsidiary, Ford Life, and accepted a position with that company, to begin in March or April of 1976. With the prior approval of Reggie Semic, a representative of Ford Life, Inmon traveled to Little Rock and Memphis to look for a house.
Thereafter a series of incidents occurred. Mr. Wooley wished to purchase Inmon's company car. The car had a small chip in the right corner of the windshield. According to Inmon, Wooley wished to obtain a price reduction by having Inmon alter a report on the car to represent that it had a broken windshield. Inmon did so, and Wooley purchased the car. But instead of paying for the car within four or five days, as was customary, Wooley delayed paying for about four months, necessitating several telephone "collection" calls by Inmon to Wooley.
About two weeks later Semic "backed off" the Ford Life position for Inmon and refused to approve Inmon's travel expenses. Meanwhile, Inmon went to Arkansas to adjust some tornado damage, and while there he heard that Wooley had made an unusual trip to Houston to audit salvage files. Inmon testified that he asked Brady about the subject-matter of the audit; Brady responded that a variety of things were being examined. While Inmon was engaged with the tornado claims, Brady telephoned Inmon with a peremptory order to return to Houston. About thirty minutes later, Brady telephoned to reverse that order. A few hours later this process was continued. Nevertheless, Inmon returned the next day. Brady told him that the audit did not concern him, and immediately sent him to Austin, Texas, an unusual procedure according to Inmon. When Inmon returned to Houston, Brady almost immediately sent him to Dearborn to report to Wooley. Upon reporting, Inmon was directed to a Mr. Ryan at the World Headquarters Building. Ryan, he learned, was an internal security officer with Ford. Inmon maintains that Ryan proceeded to interrogate Inmon by stating "Respond," followed by a name. At times Ryan would use files in framing his questions, but Inmon was not allowed to see the files. Subsequently Wooley joined in the interrogation, and accused Inmon of mishandling certain files without allowing him to see the files in order to provide an explanation. Several of these concerned instances of salvage sales, one of which had been approved by Wooley himself. According to Inmon, the questioning was gestapo-like and very upsetting, impliedly containing accusations of theft of some of the "overpayments." Because of his upset condition, Inmon returned to Houston only after a stopover with friends in Louisville. Upon his return to work he was told to go home and wait for a call, which never came. Although he did ultimately return to work, he was told by Brady to turn in his company car because he was being terminated. Brady read to him a prepared statement:
An allegation has been made against you regarding kickbacks in connection *367 with the disposition of salvage. The allegation resulted from a telephone conversation that you had with another employee, which conversation was overheard by another Company employee. In an attempt to resolve the allegation, we have discussed the matter with the other two employees as well as yourself. The other employees have cooperated in the investigation, but you have not. In view of the seriousness of the allegation made against you, and your refusal to fully cooperate in the investigation, we have decided to terminate your employment with Ford Credit. We will give you the opportunity to resign from the Company. If you do not, you will be discharged. In either event, there will be no separation allowance.
Inmon stated that Brady acknowledged that Inmon was "getting the shaft" perhaps for his failure to take a lie detector test, which, according to Inmon, he had agreed to take if it were also given to other claims people. Brady, however, refused Inmon's request for a separation allowance or other termination benefits, although Brady did give Inmon a good recommendation for new employment.
Thus the tendencies of Inmon's evidence showed that he had been harassed, investigated without cause, humiliated, accused of improper dealings, treated uncustomarily, and terminated without justification. His evidence also established emotional distress resulting in loss of weight and insomnia. It is sufficient here to state that the company's representatives testified that their investigation related to allegations of a "kick-back" scheme involving Inmon and Michael McCue, a claims supervisor in Baltimore. Inmon's honesty was also questioned through his relationship with a salvage buyer.
After considering the entire record, we have concluded that the conduct of American Road Service Company toward Inmon does not meet the requirements of the cause of action we have recognized above. There is no evidence upon which reasonable people could base the belief that the company intended to cause Inmon severe emotional distress. The Brady telephone conversations, for example, do not reveal any such intent, even though at one point, according to Inmon, Brady said that he had been told to wait until Sunday night to notify Inmon that he was to report to Detroit the next afternoon at 1:00 o'clock. Any resentment springing from such impersonal treatment is not the severe emotional distress contemplated by this tort.
Inmon points us to a number of circumstances which, he maintains, amount to outrageous conduct. For one thing, Inmon had falsified the damage estimate so that Wooley could purchase the company car (for his son-in-law) at a reduced price, and then Wooley did not pay promptly. But Inmon did not establish that any of Wooley's superiors knew of Wooley's personally dishonest transaction which "heightened" Inmon's anxiety. For another, Inmon's disagreement with Semic about his expenses in connection with the Ford Life position was not shown to have any connection with American Road, even if Semic's change of mind increased his anxiety.
The audit of Inmon's Houston files by Wooley may have substantially increased his anxiety, as he claimed, simply because the man for whom he had falsified a record performed the audit. However, the act of performing the audit was one which American Road had the legal right to order, and there is no proof that the audit was illegally or improperly performed.
The four telephone calls Inmon received from Brady while in Arkansas were described by Inmon as "highly unusual" and calculated to destroy his emotional tranquility. And then, having returned the next day, he was sent to Austin "to keep him off balance." The evidence shows, however, that he was allowed to remain in Arkansas later than his own supervisor wished, and that he was sent to Austin to reinspect the work of some auditors there. Although Inmon concluded *368 that this decision was made to keep him "off balance," these acts could not be classified as "extreme" or "outrageous."
Inmon's version of his meeting with Ryan, the investigator, on appeal is at odds with the record of that meeting. The gist of his evidence of record is that after Ryan introduced himself, he told Inmon that he had a list of names he wished responses to. Inmon said he would cooperate. The names were stated and Inmon made responses of varying lengths according to his own recollection. Although Inmon contended that Wooley and Ryan joined at this meeting in order to intimidate him in a "two on one" meeting, Wooley did not join them until Inmon himself requested the presence of someone else who "can ask me questions that you want to know." It cannot be disputed that American Road had the right to investigate Inmon's salvage disposal operations and, in that connection, to question him concerning them. Likewise, American Road also had the right to suspend Inmon from his employment following that investigation and the right to offer him the alternative of resigning or being discharged. While the record supports the conclusion that the management of Inmon's investigation and termination may have been somewhat disorganized, and a humiliating experience for him personally, nevertheless American Road's behavior throughout cannot, as a matter of law, be characterized as "so outrageous in character, and so extreme in degree, as to go beyond all possible bounds of decency, and to be regarded as atrocious, and utterly intolerable in a civilized community." Section 46, Comment (d), Restatement at 73. As Section 46, Comment (g), Restatement at 76 states:
The actor is never liable, for example, where he has done no more than to insist upon his legal rights in a permissible way, even though he is well aware that such insistence is certain to cause emotional distress....
And Comment (d), id. at 73:
The liability clearly does not extend to mere insults, indignities, threats, annoyances, petty oppressions, or other trivialities....
Thus we have concluded that the trial court erred in overruling the defendant's motion for a directed verdict made at the close of the evidence. For that error the judgment is due to be, and is, reversed and remanded.
TORBERT, C. J., and MADDOX, JONES, SHORES, EMBRY and ADAMS, JJ., concur.
FAULKNER, J., concurs in that portion of the opinion recognizing the tort of outrageous conduct and dissents in that portion which denied recovery.
ALMON, J., concurs in the result only.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Audrey Rose is a 24-year-old dreamer who wishes to live a happy life, doing what she loves and working to achieve as much knowledge and experience. Her many passions include photography, painting and writing. Rose has studied photography the past year, and she is still practising and learning about the subject; writing is mildly an escape to a whole new world when she wants to escape the realities of life. Painting is a means to relax and chill with friends or alone.
Audrey is always willing to learn. She graduated in 2016 with a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in History of Art and is currently reading for a Masters of Arts in Preventive Conservation. She is very interested in conservation, museums and anything that has to do with art and preservation.


The Category Management and Shopper Insights Management Associations' joint Annual Conference (CMA/SIMA) is just a couple short weeks away (February 25-27 in Las Vegas). For people in the grocery business planning their trip, there is a lot to look forward to, from trend watching to the latest approaches to analytics to solution provider demos. One feature of the conference that's sure to grab interest is the variety of presentations from peers in the grocery category.
Building out category management as a new capability within an organization is similar to launching a startup. It requires an entrepreneurial spirit and a tenacious pursuit of resources. Chrissy Peplinski of T. Marzetti Company will talk about how to create a roadmap for success in her presentation "Category Management: A Start-up Approach".
In Jon Israelite and Peter Naumann's presentation "Chocolate Meets Peanut Butter: The Category Management and Revenue Management Partnership," they will talk about how revenue management teams can collaborate with category managers to bring ideas further through the value chain, and how category managers can tap into revenue management teams that are working more consistently with deep analytics.
Ed Sheedy, from Pennsylvania-based Weis Markets, teams with Diana Sheehan from Kantar Consulting and Linda Coleman from Mondelez International for a presentation on "The Importance of Shopper Insights and Why it is Critical in Today's Organizations." For stores not already leveraging shopper insights, be sure not to miss this one!
Of course, this is just a small sampling from three full days packed with training, keynotes, breakout sessions, panels and networking events. Make sure to check out the full agenda for the 2019 Category Management and Shopper Insights Management Associations' joint Annual Conference for other sessions that might be of interest.


text:
Q: How to use AWS from IronPython How do I got about installing the boto library on IronPython so that I can access Amazon web services?
Is this possible?

A: With 2.7.5, ipy -X:Frames -m pip install boto should do the trick to install it. If boto itself doesn't work (which is pretty likely, as I don't think anyone's tried to make boto compatible with IronPython yet) then you should be able to use the AWS .NET SDK from IronPython without much difficulty.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
AG's Office finds that Sudbury Select Board violated OML
Zane Razzaq
MetroWest Daily News
SUDBURY — The Select Board violated the Open Meeting Law when it failed to announce the name of each member participating in a June 22 meeting, according to the state Attorney General's Office.
Last March 12, Gov. Charlie Baker issued an executive order that suspended certain provisions of the Open Meeting Law during the COVID-19 pandemic. But included in the order is the requirement that at the start of each meeting the chairperson will announce the name of any member who is participating remotely.
During the June 22 meeting, all members were participating remotely, which the board acknowledged to the state, according to a Feb. 25 letter. Former Select Board member Leonard Simon filed the complaint with the board first on July 13. The state received the complaint on Aug. 27 from Simon.
"Although the Board questions the utility in announcing the names of Board members participating remotely at a meeting where all Board members participated remotely, the Open Meeting Law regulations nonetheless require such an announcement," reads the letter written by Carrie Benedon, assistant attorney general.
The board has committed to comply with the law's requirement that the chairperson announce the names of all board members participating remotely, said Benedon. She wrote that the state orders that the board comply with Open Meeting Law in the future and "note that future similar violations may be considered evidence of an intent to violate the law."
The complaint is now considered resolved.
According to Benedon, Simon's complaint also alleges that "the Board, and specifically its chair (Dan Carty), violated the board's own policies and procedures by not allowing board members to speak at various times during the meeting, in particular by muting other board members." The Division of Open Government does not review for compliance in a public body's own policies and procedures, wrote Benedon in a footnote.
She also noted that that allegation does not represent a violation of the Open Meeting Law, saying the law says that "no person shall address a meeting of a public body without permission of the chair and all persons shall, at the request of the chair, be silent."
"Therefore, the chair has the discretion to determine who may speak during a meeting," wrote Benedon. "Nonetheless, we strongly discourage the use of technology to silence fellow members engaging in civil discourse regarding Board business."
Carty did not return a request for comment before the Daily News' print deadline. But Simon told the Daily News on Monday that Carty should have known better.
"As chair of the Select Board when the Governor's regulations took effect, Mr. Carty should have known the basic requirements of conducting a meeting, and had a roll call vote of members. Apparently, he didn't," said Simon in a statement.
During the meeting in question, Simon and Jeffrey Levine, chairman of the Council on Aging, spoke about their concern that Carty misinterpreted comments made at a Council on Aging meeting such as "hit over the head with a brick" or "hit over the head with a bat" as physically violent. In their opinion, these were figures of speech.
Select Board members Jennifer Roberts and Janie Dretler then tried to make their own comments, but Carty said they were moving on to the next topic, at one point briefly muting Dretler.
Later in the meeting, Carty allowed them to express their opinions, saying he had cooled down and was "all ears."
In the town's July 22 response to the complaint, town counsel Brian Riley said the board denied there was a violation, noting all meetings are currently virtual.
"...When a meeting is posted as a 'virtual meeting' requiring remote participation by all Board members and attendees wishing to participate, it is duplicative to also have the Chair 'announce' which members are participating remotely," Riley wrote.
The board voted to authorize Riley to send the response. Carty, Bill Schineller and then-member Patricia Brown voted yes, while Dretler and Roberts voted no.
Sudbury's Town Election is set for March 29. On the Select Board, Carty and Dretler are each up for re-election.
Zane Razzaq writes about education. Reach her at 508-626-3919 or zrazzaq@wickedlocal.com. Follow her on Twitter @zanerazz.


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Q: How to make a textbox update brightness level? I'm using Awesome window manager and have a textbox widget that I want to update with the current brightness level on an arbitrary interval of my choosing. Is there anyway to do this with Awesome and if so, how?

A: This is a great question. It's mostly covered by using the information on the widgets in awesome page. I havent set it up myself, but intend to use the same concepts for other functions. I'd use a combination of awful.widget.progressbar (brightness level is 0-100%). If you wanted to use your textbox, you can. add a signal to a timer widget that updates the text property of your textbox or use the set_value() if you want to use the Progressbar. Checkout the large list of lua extensions that are packaged as libraries. There may be one that already does what you want or something very similar.


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Grand Canyon preservation: Activists pushing to ban toxic mining near park
Environmentalists want government to create a Greater Grand Canyon Heritage National Monument.
By Barbara Eldredge@barbaraeldredge Aug 24, 2016, 9:31am EDT
On the eve of the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service, environmental organizers in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Nevada are petitioning President Obama to permanently block uranium mining near the Grand Canyon.
The canyon—one of the country's most beloved national parks and an UNESCO World Heritage site—attracted roughly 5.5 million visitors last year and generates an estimated $300 million in local economic activity annually. But proposals for nearby uranium mining and resort development earned the Grand Canyon a high spot on the list of America's 11 Most Endangered Historic Places in 2015.
Mining isn't allowed in the park itself, but environmental groups have argued for years that adjacent and historic uranium mines are continuing to endanger the canyon, pointing to elevated uranium levels in some park areas that are ten times the federal limit. In 2012, the Obama administration issued a 20-year moratorium on new uranium mines around the park, citing the need to stem wildlife-endangering pollution.
Created by eco-advocacy group Environment America, the current initiative hopes to convince the President to make that ban permanent by turning 1.7 million acres of public land around the park into the Greater Grand Canyon Heritage National Monument.
Source: Environment America, NYT
Next Up In Outdoors
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The 8 most important principles of interior design To find interior design nirvana, experts always follow these eight underlying principles. Space planning is key, and less really is often more.
Before Tesla: Why everyone wanted an electric car in 1905 Electric cars might seem like the vehicles of the future, but they are actually a status symbol of the past.


Modern synthetic high-performance engine oil for 4-stroke motorcycles. With this MC (Molecular Converted) technology high-quality base oils are refined chemically and and achieve a very high level of performance. JASO MA 2 approval guarantees the fault-free functioning of wet multi-disc clutches.
Available in four viscosities, MOTOREX TOP SPEED 4T oil has been especially developed for use in all motorcycles with medium to large engines, where a fully synthetic oil has not been expressly specified by the manufacturers. Ideal for motorcycles with wet multi-disc clutches. Also meets the highest demand of the manufacturer's.


yea, I had the same issue and told Typhoon about this, so he knows.
I think everything got messed up because of the new noob area.
However, don't know if he will give items back now - He might want to use his time to concentrate on the 3d version.
okay guys well, we know what the glitch was but don't know how to fix it. Oddly sometimes when you logged in it would swap inventories with another character. We know this because somehow I got Typhoons inventory lol.


Unlike glass-based displays, flexible displays are built onto non-glass substrate which makes them an attractive alternative for many applications as they are naturally lighter, thinner and more robust.
In this article, we take a look at some of the most popular flexible display technologies available today or coming soon.
Many e-readers are based on the electrophoretic display (EPD) – a daylight-readable, very low-power display technology. The EPD looks like 'ink on paper' due to the moveable pigments used in the pixels that reflect (or absorb) daylight, without the need for any backlights. Typically, EPDs have been produced using glass substrates containing transistors, making them brittle.The development of flexible EPDs using FlexEnable's organic transistor technology platform has meant companies such as Plastic Logic Germany can industrialise more rugged, light-weight and conformable EPDs for a range of applications where low-power, daylight readability are key attributes.
Flexible Organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays arenow gaining ground in the displays market, with Samsung and then LG Display leading the way in production. These displays combine the ultra-thin OLED frontplane with an inorganic backplane technology, such as LTPS (Low Temperature Polysilicon). These displays offer some flexibility, which is limited by the inorganic ('ceramic-like') materials used in the LTPS backplane, which can crack if bent too far. Companies are working on alternatives that will be more flexible, as well as simpler to manufacture. For example, engineers at FlexEnable have been able to combine the OLED frontplane with an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) array forming the backplane – enabling a truly flexible OLED display module.
The potential applications for flexible OLED displays are far reaching, and this new market is set to explode with IDTechEx analysts predicting that the OLED market will grow to $57bn in 2026. This isn't surprising given that consumers will be seeing this form of display in wearables, mobiles and even television panels.
We are all aware of LCD – the most common display technology used today by far. There's a more recent variant called organic liquid crystal display (OLCD) that is set to bring a new level of design freedom for electronics products. By removing the glass substrate and replacing it with plastic, and optimising the assembly process around low-temperature, we have developed the world's first flexible LCD. We envisage a world where almost all surfaces can be activated – from wearables to car dashboards and digital signage and fashion.
We see this new wave of displays as an exciting era for organic electronics, but also for the designers and manufacturers of display panels. With this technology the possibilities of where to integrate colour, video-rate displays seem limitless. If you have any thoughts on these types of displays, or a new application area, please get in touch – info@flexenable.com.


What happened after my depression post went viral? Today I'm talking about My Depression One Year Later – The Follow Up So Many Asked About. I was compensated by Med-IQ through a grant from Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. and Lundbeck to write about depression awareness. All my opinions are my own.
It took 3 months to finally write down a title, 2 weeks to draft and another 7 days to hit the publish button. I remember the day so clearly. It was a Friday in December. While everyone seemed so busy focusing on the holidays, I remember crying horrible ugly tears. I sat in anguish, arguing with myself back and forth on publishing a post so raw, so honest, so life-changing…knowing that I had to do this but too afraid to take the leap.
I couldn't hide behind my depression any longer.
Putting a face and name to how I was feeling for months – I had to do this for me. It was the last thought in my head when I clicked the button, closed my computer and walked away, unsure of what would happen after that. I had no idea that within a day, my depression post would go viral. But what happened after that day? It's the story I haven't told yet: My Depression One Year Later.
Has it been a year? It's hard to believe that almost 1 year ago today I took that fearful leap of exposing my true self to the world. And I can honestly say that my life has never been the same since.
Within hours, my Facebook messages, texts, voicemails and emails had blown up. I had people sharing in groups, tagging me on social media and applauding my courage to post something so real and raw. I had 100s of invites to meet for coffee, get togethers, dinners, hugs. That also came along with unsolicited advice, medication recommendations and therapy tips.
Within 2 days, I made my first public appearance at church. There, I had a very uncomfortable moment when my post was talked about openly during the sermon. Embarrassed, fearful and paranoid, I crawled back into my shell – hiding once again from the world.
Within 7 days, I had a break through. A stranger and fellow mom emailed me to let me know that my post "saved her life." SAVED HER LIFE. I was in shock, letting that sink in for weeks – a post meant as therapy for myself ended up impacting a mom in a way I could have never imagined. It was humbling, amazing and heart wrenching at the same time. I wasn't alone in my "secret" depression. Not even close.
In the months that followed, I've had a crazy series of ups and downs. My post was picked up by multiple well-known websites and reshared. Up. It took 6 months for me to get enough courage to make a doctor's appointment to be seen for my depression. Down. I've been making conscious decisions about seeing people in real life, getting outside of my comfort zone, and opening up to my family about my mental health. Up. I continued to battle my demons every day. Some days still driving me to inconsolable tears in the fetal position. Down.
But almost 365 days later? I wish I could say that I'm 100% cured. I am a long way from being "well." I'm working up the courage to schedule consistent therapy with a psychiatrist. I'm finally realizing that medication is unavoidable. Progress is slow. Change is slower. And what I thought would be a miracle fix – it continues to take effort on my part and a desire to get better.
"Liar. Fearful. Failure. Loner. Broken. Faithless." I just reread my post this week, each word still stinging. But I look at my old post and realize that while the foundations of my depression are still there, I'm no longer rock bottom. Depression is a biological brain disorder, not a personal failure. It's a mental health issue, not a stigma. It's taken a year for that to really hit home with me. And now, it's time.
Last year I had no answers, for myself or for anyone. I needed help, but didn't know where to start. But this year, I'm ready to take control of my depression. That's why I'm excited to partner with Med-IQ to help educate, treat and support those battling depression like me. Med-IQ is an accredited medical education company that provides an exceptional educational experience for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals. Expanding their educational services beyond professionals, Med-IQ is looking to help those battling depression in their own lives with tips, facts and resources. With the holidays here (irony since that's when my depression post went live), now is the time to review these important facts, seek help for loved ones and most importantly end the stigma for depression.
Feeling alone? I am here to remind you that you are NOT alone. I have depression and so many others are affected daily.
Depression is common, affecting 1 out of 15 adults every year.
1 out of 6 people will experience depression at one point in their lives.
Women tend to have higher rates of depression, as many as 1 out of 3 women experiencing depression in their lives.
Depression can impact anyone; it does not discriminate. People who have depression do not always have an outwardly obvious reason to feel sad. Although negative life circumstances certainly may play a role in depression, researchers have identified a number of other risk factors, including brain chemistry, environment (regular exposure to violence, poverty or abuse), genetics (something for parents to be aware of if they suffer from depression), personality and drug or alcohol abuse. Those with PTSD have higher rates of anxiety, are more irritable and have more difficulty sleeping. PTSD often travels together with depression.
Depression is a serious medical condition characterized by feelings of sadness and loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. It can negatively influence the way you think, feel, and act. But depression isn't a cookie cutter disorder. Signs can look different from person to person. Worried about you or a loved one? Look for these common signs and symptoms.
Education is good. But what else can we do for people with depression? Start the steps towards treatment. And that begins here with the Med-IQ Depression Survey. In this quick and anonymous 10-minute survey, you can help uncover your own depression journey. Is it the blues or depression? Are your symptoms depression symptoms or something else?
Upon completion, you will be entered into a drawing to win 1 of 10 $100 VISA gift cards. No personal information will be kept, sold or stored, in the survey completion process. Upon completion of the survey, just email surveydepression@gmail.com and indicate that you have taken the survey to be entered to win a VISA gift card.
I've never had a chance to say thank you to everyone who has supported me this past year. Depression may be a part of me, but it doesn't define me.
I am so much more than my depression. And you are too.
While this post is sponsored by Med-IQ, all opinions and thoughts are my own. The links in this post are being provided as a convenience and for informational purposes only; they are not intended and should not be construed as legal or medical advice, nor are they endorsements of any healthcare provider or practice. Med-IQ bears no responsibility for the accuracy, legality, or content of the external site or for that of subsequent links. Contact the external site for answers to questions regarding its content.Follow Raising Whasians via Facebook, Twitter, Google, Instagram, Pinterest and YouTube for more of our honest family moments, recipes, crafts, and travel tips.
I am so sorry that this has been such a struggle for you. My aunt suffers from depression and they just can't seem to get the right mix of meds for her. I feel so bad for her sometimes.
I appreciate you giving us this follow up. You my friend are definitely so much more and I am happy to see you realizing that.
I know you've had a tough road. I read about it before. I'm so glad to hear you're coming along though. Although depression can't ever truly be "fixed", it can be managed. I have a family member who struggles with depression, but these days she has far more good days than bad. Keep it up!
Thank you for sharing this update with us. It is so important to remember that you are not alone and you have people that are here to support you.
Depression is often a silent evil people don't see in others. So sorry you went through a rough time.
I am so grateful you had the courage to speak out. This is something I wanted to do, but didn't. I have had depression and anxiety for years. I finally went to see a doctor and got on medication and am seeing a therapist. I am feeling more like myself or the first time in a long time. I am glad to see you are taking control of your depression.
I am glad that you are able to cope despite the bumps in the road. Depression does not usually have physical symptoms and is difficult to detect. I wish you all the best, and yes, Depression does not define who you are. Hugs!
Thank you for sharing your story. I am sure a lot of people going through the same experience can draw inspiration from you. Depression may seem debilitating, but thankfully, it is manageable.
Depression can be so hard to deal with. I had postpartum depression that wasn't treated right away, and it became permanent depression.
It's good that you have such an awareness of your symptoms and how they've changed over time. Depression is such a serious illness and it's definitely a good idea for people to find out if they're experiencing symptoms of it.
Good for you for being so honest and sharing such a personal experience. It is so important to share stories and show others struggling that they aren't alone and they need to reach out for help.
You're amazing and I admire you for your strength. It takes a lot to say that you're over it and that you're going to take control from now on. But that's exactly what needs to be done. Lots of love for you!
I completed it, thank you!
I was just so glad to see someone being real and raw! It takes a lot. Especially putting it out there for the whole world. Unfortunately you will never be "cured" because it's not curable and life is not perfect. As humans we are a whole lot of imperfection! Im glad to hear that it sounds like you are making strides in being mindful and happy!! <3 I too struggle and I think my hardest realization is that it's forever!
As I was reading your amazingly honest post, I couldn't help but think of family and friends who very well may be suffering with depression right now. Thanks for being real Christie.
Thank you for sharing this with us. It definitely affects a lot of people. I've struggled with it, as well as many others in my family.
Depression seems to be so wide spread anymore. I have some friends that suffer, but medication seems to help. There is so much sadness in the world today.
I think it's great that you've partnered up with Med-IQ to spread awareness about depression. I was diagnosed with depression last September after my mother passed away. I've been on Effexor since and went to therapy a few times. I'm not ashamed now to say that I've been diagnosed as depressed. I wish you all the best in continuing to progress.
I have been receiving your newsletters for a long time, and I had no idea! Of course, I totally understand the faking and lying. I have had depression for as long as I can remember. I have tried so many meds but really nothing stays helping. I am determined to NOT give up. It will not get the best of me. God bless you and I pray you find help that truly helps you! I hope my comments don't make anyone feel hopeless…that is just how I'm feeling today. I will end this, but honestly, I hope for nothing but the best for you and your family. AND for anyone out there with depression (I have anxiety too UGH!). God bless us and be with us all.


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GEORGE W. SHELTON
George W. Shelton, born January 26, 1856 in Crawford County,
Kentucky, came with his parents to Illinois at an early age. He
married Kizzar Williams, born September 19. 1858 in Jefferson County.
Seven children were born to them: Everett: John W.: Millie: Jane:
Tennie; and two other girls who died when young. George died in
1934 and Kizzar in 1942.
Everett, born July 7, 1888, helped his Dad on the farm near Marlow.
On July I. 1906 he married Iva Scott. daughter of Leona (Howell) and
Sherman Scott. Seven children were born to them: Hall; Hazel: Gladys:
Vera: Raymond: Myrtle Mae, and Wanda Lee. Everett was a farmer
and road worker. He worked in Mt. Vernon Township as a dragman from
1928 to 1936 when they used horses to pull the drag. After he sold
his horses he ran a grader for the township. The family lived several
places in Jefferson County before they bought a 20acre farm near
Camp Ground in 1918 where they lived for 50 years. One room of the house
was made of logs and two small rooms had been built onto the logs. They
added another room later. Hall, the oldest son, bought 2 acres of the 20
when he married in 1927 and built a house on it, and Harold Standerfer
bought 15 acres
In 1968 Everett. Iva, and Hazel moved to Mt. Vernon on Bell Street
where they lived until Iva died on September 17, 1971 at age 81. Everett
died three months later. December 29. 1972 at 83, and Hazel died
April 21. 1973 at age 63.
Hall married Vivian Moore August 6, 1927 and four children were born
to them: Charles Edward, Clyde. Darlene, and Jerry. Vivian died June 12, 1976.
Gladys married Dale Estes December 24, 1930 and three children were born
to them: Calvin, Linda Sue: and Jane. Calvin was killed, December 30, 1962.
Vera married Robert K. Scott December 22, 1934, and they had a son,
Robert Eugene. Myrtle Mae married Robert Lipe. May 25, 1946 and Qne daughter
was born to them: Connie. Wanda Lee married Ronald Gowler January 25, 1952.
Two children were born to them: Steve and Rhonda. Raymond married Maxine.
Highsmith, August 29, 1936.
Hall, Gladys, and Vera live in Mt. Vernon lIlinois: Raymond in Orlando,
Florida; Myrtle Mae in Flint, Michigan: and Wanda in Florence. Kentucky.
- Vera Scott
Facts & Folks
Submitted by Sandy Whalen Bauer


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[08:23:25] <quincyadams57026> hi any1 here?
[08:23:57] <quincyadams57026> can anyone give me the BOSH url for habber.org?
[08:24:08] <quincyadams57026> can anyone give me the BOSH url for jabber.org?
[08:24:48] <waqas> Jabber.org doesn't have a BOSH service yet.
[08:27:41] <waqas> http://xmpp.org/services/ - some of them do, but you'll have to test.
[08:28:02] <Kev> Although I'd note that testing applications on a public server is fairly antisocial.
[08:28:44] <waqas> Indeed. And deploying something which auto-registers accounts even more so, as being discussed on the ML.
[08:28:57] <Kev> The easiest and friendliest thing is probably to grab a copy of Prosody, run it locally, and test against that.
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[08:32:29] <Kev> You should be able to recreate the bosh domain not matching the xmpp domain fairly easily locally, I'd have thought.
[08:36:02] <waqas> He may be trying to test against SRV records.
[08:36:25] <waqas> Or TXT records in case of BOSH.
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[08:38:33] <waqas> Yes, I was referring to that.
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[10:33:14] <kennedy64335> this chat is also made by XMPP?
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[11:15:09] <mirceas> Q: Can jabber.org account be used for email transport or is it limited only to xmpp?
[11:16:18] <mirceas> with no chance for email in the future?
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[11:44:23] <Kev> I also get emails at the equivalent address to my JID - because spam bots have harvested my JID as a mail address.
[11:52:37] <Tanguy> naw, an übercool JID is not <@jabber.org>, it is rather <@yourname>.
[12:02:00] <Link Mauve> mirceas, Tanguy is right, with @you.tld JID you can have as much service as you want!
[12:02:17] <Link Mauve> Even emails if you want.
[12:04:15] <mirceas> naw, are you sure gmx supports xmpp?
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[16:06:25] <zanchin> if I have MUC running at conference.domain.com and I want to join rooms from other servers, do I need an s2s SRV record for conference.domain.com?
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[20:30:28] <likeitfast> Do you guys also give mental help?
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[20:35:23] <likeitfast> Sorry I just wanted to try out this chat I finaly got it to work (I didn't type the "@...com").
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[22:36:39] <taylor6047> hi, im using pidgin and when i sent a message to my friend i just receive a XMPP Message Error, can anyone help me?
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Professor Jeremy Yudkin of Lenox conceived the idea for the Distinguished Lecture Series in 2006. The lectures take place once a month, usually on the third Sunday of the month and are held at 4 pm on Sunday afternoons in the elegant and restful surroundings of the Sedgwick Reading Room. Sunday afternoon was chosen because it is a quiet time in most people's weekends, the Library was not being utilized, and it allows time for audiences to attend the lectures and go home (or out) for dinner.
January, February, March: the Distinguished Lecture Series was on hiatus.
February 19 – "Lenox at 250, Session I." Special panel discussion on the first half of Lenox's history (1767-1880). Panel I to include Charles Flint and Lucy Kennedy (early history), Carole Owens (1750-1800), Bernard Drew (mid-19th century). Audience participation encouraged!
March 19 – "Lenox at 250, Session II." Special panel discussion on the second half of Lenox's history (1880-2016). Panel II to include Cornelia Gilder and Richard Jackson (The Gilded Age), David Roche (1940-1970), Olga Weiss (The Music Inn). Audience participation encouraged!
April 23 – Lenox Library Director Amy Lafave on the newly published book Images of America: Lenox.
February 17, 2013. Norton Owen, Director of Preservation, Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival.
March 24, 2013. Mitya Orthofer, Essayist and Reviewer, Founder of The Complete Review.
October 16, 2011. Elizabeth Tierney, Lenox author. "Dignifying Dementia," on her experience caring for her husband during his illness. Reception and book signing to follow.
In the second season, 2008-2009, the number of lectures expanded to seven, and the season ran from September to April. Starting in the second season, a gift was made by Lynn Sutton of The Barefoot Gardener and Mary Nash of Mary Nash Consulting to sustain the lecture series and to allow it to offer free admission to all lectures. This led to a significant increase in attendance, with each lecture attracting between 50 and 75 members of the community.
The inaugural season, 2007-2008, consisted of 4 speakers and had a $15 admission fee. The first season was highly successful in terms of range and interest of the lecturers.
JEREMY YUDKIN is host and organizer of the Distinguished Lecture Series. He is a resident of the Berkshires and professor of music at Boston University and Oxford University. Every summer at the Lenox Library he presents the pre-concert lectures for the Boston Symphony Orchestra's Tanglewood season.
All programs in the Distinguished Lecture Series are FREE and open to the public thanks to the generosity of the speakers, and donors like you.


This life will go by fast.
Don't fight with people, don't criticize your body so much, don't complain so much.
Don't lose sleep over your bills. Look for the person that makes you happy. If you make a mistake, let it go and keep seeking your happiness.
Never stop being a good parent. Don't worry so much about buying luxuries and comforts for your home, and don't kill yourself trying to leave an inheritance for your family. Those benefits should be earned by each person, so don't dedicate yourself to accumulating money.
Enjoy, travel, enjoy your journeys, see new places, give yourself the pleasures you deserve. Allow dogs to get closer. Don't put away the fine glassware. Utilize the new dinnerware; don't save your favorite perfume, use it to go out with yourself; wear out your favorite sport shoes; repeat your favorite clothes.
Everything perfect doesn't exist. Human beings can't accomplish this because it simply was not intended to be completed here. Here is an opportunity to learn.
So take this challenge that is life and do it now… Love more, forgive more, embrace more, love more intensely and leave the rest in God's hands. Amen.


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from oslo_context import context

from cloudkitty.common import policy

class RequestContext(context.RequestContext):

    def __init__(self, is_admin=None, **kwargs):
        super(RequestContext, self).__init__(is_admin=is_admin, **kwargs)
        if self.is_admin is None:
            self.is_admin = policy.check_is_admin(self)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Orbital Sciences Corporation's Antares rocket soared into partly cloudy Virginia skies this morning, carrying the first operational Cygnus resupply spacecraft into orbit. Liftoff from NASA's Wallops Flight Facility occurred at 10:58 a.m. (14:58 UTC), with Cygnus separating about ten minutes later. NASA and Orbital reported that the spacecraft's propulsion system had initialized and its solar arrays had been deployed at 11:24.
Orbital Sciences Corporation's Antares rocket blasts off from Pad-0A at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on Wallops Island, Va. Perched atop Antares is the Cygnus resupply spacecraft, which is carrying 1,300 pounds (589 kilograms) of cargo to the International Space Station.
Cygnus will spend the next few days raising its orbit and conducting demonstration tasks, which include tests of its GPS and ability to free drift and abort. It is expected to arrive at the International Space Station on Sunday, with capture scheduled for 7:17 a.m. Orbital will be the second private company to visit the ISS under NASA's Commercial Orbital Transportation Services program, following three successful trips by SpaceX's Dragon capsule.
To see the full timeline of Sunday's capture and berthing events, check out my launch preview article.
Two AJ-26 engines power an Antares rocket off Pad 0A at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on Sept. 18. The launch marks Antares' second successful flight.
Antares' first stage drifts away following Main Engine Cutoff (MECO) during its Sept. 18 Cygnus demonstration flight. The vehicle coasts for about two and a half minutes following MECO, at which point the second stage engine ignites.
Road signs direct visitors to the International Space Station and beyond at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Pad-0A. Orbital Sciences Corporation's Antares rocket sits in the background, ready to launch its first operational Cygnus spacecraft.
Thanks Jason. Another great article and video set! I like the stills too! Those pics helps capture the spirit of this business!


For more than 65 years, McClone has been a family-owned and run organization driven to making a difference in the community. We do this by working to help families and organizations drive down risk and protect themselves in the most efficient ways. With offices throughout Wisconsin, we currently employ a staff of over 120 professionals. We utilize a unique and systematic approach to consistently diagnose, evaluate, reduce and monitor your risk. At McClone, we don't consider ourselves insurance agents, but rather outsourced risk managers. Rather than sell you a large portfolio of insurance products, we proactively work with you to protect your organization as well as your family.


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Adding to a spectacular list of Texas Hold'em games online the new Hold'em Showdown game gives players the opportunity to bet on the player or the dealer.
This game brings pre-flop odds that smash any other Hold'em game out there, and if you are a Hold'em player this heads-up match is an opportunity that just can't be passed up. Player's get not one hand to play against the dealer, but four hands, so if you know your Hold'em odds well, you have a chance to crush the bets on a better than average percentage level.
On top of this, four hands is not enough, so this new way to play even offers a fifth opportunity, which is to wager a bet on the dealer winning the hand instead of the player.
Ultimately, players have the chance to choose which hand out of five will win on the flop, turn and river in what is a bet that is in essence a pre-flop all-in once the money is down. For online Hold'em players this rips apart playing heads-up against an opponent in a sit and go game. Online poker rooms ' version of heads-up play mean that both players buy-in for an equal amount and the winner will double on their cash minus a registration fee. In this version of the game you can double your cash within a matter of a few hands, making Hold'em Showdown one of the best versions of poker on the virtual casino scene today.
Furthermore, many Hold'em heads-up games are based on pre-flop all-ins to win the game, meaning these games rarely are decided by the betting played during the flop, turn and river play. Hold'em Showdown is the perfect game to see plenty of hands per bet and get a feel for the odds of how head's up all-ins prevail. This in turn means that if you are a Hold'em player, then you will love the invaluable practise this game gives you. You will get a quicker feel for which hands offer the best odds for all-in value versus playing countless heads-up games in an online poker room.
The odds of the game are very simple to learn, and remember in poker any two cards can win. There is a 36% chance of completing a pair on the flop, 12% chance of flopping trips and a more than 50% chance of hitting a pair by the river. Now that means both you and the dealer have equal opportunity, but the odds then swing in your favour. 50% of the time the dealer will not hit any pair, and if you fail to hit the cards too, the hand is decided by the high card, which of course being the player means you will have staked the hand with the highest value thus you should be winning most of the hands.
It is extremely simple to play Hold'em Showdown, and the game play comes through at a quick place. Four player hands are shown, and one dealer hand is shown. Any of the player hands can go up against the dealer hand with odds labelled 'Dealer' and 'Player'. The odds are according to the strength of the player hand versus the dealer hand.
The stronger the hand chosen the thinner the odds become, but if you fancy delivering a bad beat by betting on the weaker hand to win then you receive far better odds. After each win you can choose to bank your winnings, half your winnings or keep going placing all of your winnings from the last hand on the new hand.
Indeed, this is a must try game if you are an avid Texas Hold'em player. Not only do you get to learn the odds of poker's starting hands quickly, you get favourable odds to win the hand. This is definitely one to recommend to all the poker fans out there.


Help! My Self-Tanner Turned My Legs Green!
You bought a self-tanner last year and you didn't use it all. So, you go to the cupboard this spring and pull it out to use it. You spread it on and…EEK! It looks green. What is going on and are you going to turn green?
Self-tanners contain DHA (dihydroxyacetone), which reacts with the amino acids in the dead layer of your skin to turn you a temporary bronzed color. The base of many of these tanners is green to prevent your tan from looking too orange. Once the self-tanner is exposed to oxygen or to too much heat, the guide color turns green. As a general rule, once a self-tanner is opened it has a shelf life of six months. So, that tanner you bought last year? It might not be good anymore.
But is that always the case? Maybe not. I decided to put it to the test with my Vita Liberata tanner from last summer. I opened the mousse and spread it onto my mitt. It still looked brown, but maybe with a hint of green. I then applied it up my leg. Yep…a definite greenish hue. I finished my whole leg and let it develop overnight. I woke up in the morning and looked at my leg, anxious to see if a Shrek-like appendage would appear. Nope. A perfectly bronzed leg.
I was lucky, though. There have been plenty of complaints from people using last year's self-tanner that they turned green. If you pump it out and see more green than brown, throw it out. There are enough photos of unhappy green gams on the internet for me to tell you it isn't worth it.
My advice is to test an inconspicuous spot with your old tanner before attempting to use it all over. When it comes to your face, I would just buy a new face tanner. You might be able to get away with a little green on your legs, but your face is another matter entirely.
If you're thinking that you just don't use self-tanner enough to keep buying a new one each year, consider one without the guide color. Vita Liberata offers Invisi, a colorless self-tanner that promises absolutely no transfer and, since it has no guide color, won't turn green. St. Tropez has a version, as well. Called Purity, their face version is my go-to for tanning my face.
I like to build a tan by applying one from one company and then follow with an application of a different brand's self-tanner the following day. This gives a multi-dimensional tan that is hard to achieve with one product. Whatever you decide to do, make sure to store your self-tanner in a cool place to keep it stable for as long as possible.