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You are here: Home / Investment News / Government moots new mid-market investment fund
Government moots new mid-market investment fund
Phil Twyford: Minister for Economic Development
The NZ government has floated the idea of launching yet another investment fund to fill a perceived capital void in the mature, mid-market private company sector.
According to a Cabinet paper released last week, many NZ companies need access to capital but are too small to list and don't qualify as venture or private equity candidates.
"There are various other initiatives that should be kept in mind when exploring options to support other gaps in the capital market, including new proposed financial regulatory measures, and other sector or asset specific funds," the Cabinet document says.
The paper, which also reviews the recently restructured NZ Venture Investment Fund (now known as NZ Growth Capital Partners – or NZGCP), says that "neither public nor private markets serve the full range of companies by size or investment stage".
NZGCP now runs the $300 million Elevate NZ Venture Fund (previously the NZ Venture Investment Fund) and the smaller Aspire NZ Seed Fund. Elevate is a fund-of-funds vehicle overseen by the NZ Superannuation Fund (NZS), which also diverted $240 million of its annual government contribution to the new operation.
"While the Elevate NZ Venture Fund will bring much needed capital to the venture investment stages, it will do little to address a historical gap that smaller firms (with revenue between $3-$30 million) face in accessing growth capital," the Cabinet paper says. "This includes companies that, for example, are more mature but still lack scale. That is, they are able to generate revenue and profit but are unable to generate sufficient cash to fund major expansions, acquisitions or other investments."
Minister of Economic Development, Phil Twyford, says in the document that NZGCP funds are on track to deliver capital to their respective markets despite the COVID-19 disruption.
"The Elevate NZ Venture Fund and the Aspire NZ Seed Fund are well placed to support investment into promising high-growth New Zealand businesses in the next six to eight weeks," Twyford says in the paper. "I will reaffirm the Government's desire to ensure this timeframe does not slip."
In particular, Elevate is "progressing well", the report says with the appointments of three independent investment committee members: Hong Kong-based Danny Lee, Blue Pool Capital partner; Matt Ocko, partner in San Francisco firm DCVC; and, Dana Settle, partner in the Los Angeles-headquartered Greycroft.
Elevate also named US "entrepreneur, investor, lecturer and author", Randy Komisar, as strategic adviser.
However, the government briefing was prepared before the surprise departure of NZGCP chief, Richard Dellabarca, in August. Dellabarca was facing an internal enquiry following a complaint.
The paper notes that the NZGCP mandate bypasses the NZ mid-size mature market, which could face extra funding difficulties in the COVID-19 era.
And the NZX most probably won't step into the breach, the report says.
Most NZ firms "are not of sufficient scale to justify listing on the stock market, due to prohibitive issuance costs and high compliance standards".
"This has been exacerbated by recent global stock market trends which have seen larger trading volumes, and more traders, but a halving of the number of publically listed firms. Trade volumes and investor access are boosted through the fractionalisation of investment opportunities (via schemes like Sharesies) and the rise of passive investments and exchange traded funds," the paper says.
"However, trading commissions have declined and broker research coverage has fallen, making it harder for smaller companies. The outcome is that the domestic stock market is unlikely to provide capital to most companies in New Zealand."
Furthermore, the mid-tier company sector could face an offshore funding squeeze due to the pandemic and changes to the overseas investment rules that allow government to "impose conditions on, decline, or unwind transactions… to protect the essential interests of New Zealand" during the COVID-19 crisis.
"The Committee noted that if we were to prevent overseas entities acquiring a substantial share in companies due to some national interest or security reason, we would need to ensure there were other avenues for those companies to raise debt or equity or be acquired," the paper says.
Government is already the largest funds management entity in NZ with about $90 billion split almost equally between NZS and the Accident Compensation Corporation funds. As well as the government also owns the $6 billion plus Kiwi Wealth, manages a further $6 billion or more in public servant pension funds along with the NZGCP money and several other smaller investing entities.


Online Bill Payment Is Back!
Hello, on behalf of myself, elected officials, and staff, the City of Commerce would like to welcome you to our city and thank you for taking the time to visit our website. We hope this will be a helpful tool to keep you informed and up to date with what's going on in our community as well as the surrounding area. Commerce is home to Hall of Fame baseball player Mickey Mantle as well as historic Route 66. Incorporated in 1918, our small town charm is sure to captivate every visitor.


You probably remember Trevor and Avery from their super cute engagement session at Proctor Park in Brighton. Now I just have to say it literally rained from start to finish on their wedding day and by the smiles on their faces you would NEVER know. This wedding was so special, for so many reasons, let us try and count the ways shall we. First and foremost we had the privilege and honour of capturing their first kiss at their first look, SERIOUSLY who gets to witness pure sweet love for a living!!! Second Avery has a large family, and for all you who are like "well I have 4 siblings" you aren't even close, Avery has 15 siblings. No that's not a spelling error there are 16 stunningly beautiful/ruggedly handsome children in her family. Capturing their family photos was not only fun, but so entertaining, watching them all interact with each other and watching them all witness the joy and love throughout the day was the best. One of my favourite images from the wedding was Avery's two youngest sisters crying as they witnessed their big sister say her vows to her best friend, Trevor! I have only listed two amazing things and there's so much more, maybe i'll have to just point form so lets see, ice cream bar, cutting the cake with a sword (seriously), Irish dancing, a father daughter dance to make you cry, a foot washing ceremony, teary eyed speeches, a doll with a matching bridesmaid dress, a beautiful bridal party, trevor's sister giving an embarrassingly amazing speech and sprinkles thrown at the couple while they drive away for their honey moon....OKAY now breath and enjoy the sweetest wedding ever!


A series B startup, located in Redwood City is looking for a Principle Software Engineer to implement new features. They're a real-time analytics platform that gives enterprise customers insight about their sales and marketing strategies. Their platform recognize anomalies and patterns so they work with a lot of data in real time.
One of our teams will give it a careful look for the Principle Software Engineer / Java job, and for every other relevant position we're working on right now, too.


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The stone reader : modern phil...
The stone reader : modern philosophy in 133 arguments / edited and introduced by Peter Catapano and Simon Critchley.
Catapano, Peter, (Editor), Critchley, Simon, 1960- (Editor)
New York : Liveright Publishing Corporation, a division of W.W. Norton & Company, [2016]
New York times.
Philosophy, Modern > 21st century.
Newspapers > Sections, columns, etc. > Philosophy.
190 St71
Modern ethics in 77 arguments : a Stone reader / edited by Peter Catapano and Simon Critchley.
Pundits, poets, and wits : an omnibus of American newspaper columns / gathered, annotated, and introduced by Karl E. Meyer.
by: Meyer, Karl Ernest.
The origin and development of dramatic criticism in the New York times, 1851-1880.
by: Rothman, John, 1924-
The Road to syndication. The complete guide to newspaper syndication for writers and artists. Edited by W. H. Thomas.
by: Thomas, W. H.
Reviewing for the mass media.
by: Hunt, Todd.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Welcome to my e-portfolio site! I'm Narmadha, a graduate student in Statistics who adore opportunities to expand the understanding to work towards a career as a Statistician. In this portfolio, I reflect on my research projects, teaching and industrial experience and skills that I've developed through coursework, projects, workshops and extra curricular activities.


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Home Blog NREL confirms wind and solar are cheapest generation
NREL confirms wind and solar are cheapest generation
Clean Technica, 25 Aug 2017
The United States Energy Department's National Renewable Energy Laboratory has updated its analysis of electricity generation technology costs, and it's good news again for wind and solar, which come out cheapest alongside natural gas.
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has released its 2017 Annual Technology Baseline (ATB), the third edition of its highly respected analysis of current and projected energy technology generation costs, focusing primarily on utility-scale electricity generation technologies — although, this year NREL have also included distribution-level solar PV technologies as well.
"In addition to aggregating the most reliable, timely cost and performance data spanning the full range of energy technologies, the Annual Technology Baseline highlights key trends and makes projections out to 2050," said NREL Senior Analyst Maureen Hand. "For energy analysts and others tasked with communicating relevant electricity technology cost and performance trends that have a bearing on energy markets, the ATB serves as an indispensable go-to resource that greatly facilitates and streamlines the work involved."
This year's ATB is now available in a new interactive website published by NREL here, but for those looking for the quick highlights:
Levelized cost of energy LCOE values calculated using macro-economic indicators (e.g., interest rates) estimated for 2017 in the U.S. Energy Information Administration's Annual Energy Outlook 2017. The ATB focuses on electricity generation technology capital cost, operating costs, and energy production. It does not include time-varying macro-economic indicators. Values shown in 2015 U.S. dollars; hydropower is classified as non-dispatchable because most new hydropower generation would operate in run-of-river mode. LCOE captures the energy component of electric system planning and operation, but the electric system also requires capacity and flexibility services, typically associated with dispatchability, to operate reliably.
Maybe of most interest from this year's ATB is the fact that solar PV capital costs have continued to decline recently and are only expected to continue to decline. Similarly, onshore wind capital costs have also fallen while capacity factors have increased — higher megawatts at cheaper rates. Both of these trends are expected to continue, serving to further increase the attractiveness of solar and onshore wind, and making them increasingly cost-competitive — especially against natural gas combined cycle plants in the near term.


We invite you to join us in the many different forums in which we discuss the Evergreen project!
In the interests of transparency everything on the mailing lists and IRC is public and logged.
Every posting goes into the mailing list and IRC archive, which means that people will see your postings even if you haven't yet linked it somewhere.
Once it's out there, it's public.
Technically, administrators can delete things, but the content may be mirrored, has feeds and is in the Google cache & other search engines indexes, so deleting something doesn't make it go away.
Our policy is to leave the archives alone except in exceptional cases.
Please send a request promptly to feedback@evergreen-ils.org if you believe you are the exception.
Most of the day-to-day conversations are held on mailing lists and open to anyone with an email account. In addition, archives that provide much of the history of the project are readily available.
Some members of the Evergreen community use real-time chat via our Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channel . You can find us on the #evergreen channel on the Freenode server (irc.freenode.net). This channel is publically logged and the archives of the IRC channel are available.
The Event Calendar provides a single view of all of the meetings of the various committees and working groups in the Evergreen community. Most of these meetings are open to any interested members of the community; volunteers are always welcome!
The official blog offers news and insight on the Evergreen project.
The Planet Evergreen blog aggregator pulls together all of the recent posts from each of the known blogs about Evergreen into one convenient package.


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Big Economic Ideas From Art Laffer and Steve Forbes
A Commentary By Lawrence Kudlow
Trump Needs a Return to King Dollar By Lawrence Kudlow
'America First' Triumphs in Davos By Lawrence Kudlow
Bannon Goes Belly up, and the Stock Market Soars By Lawrence Kudlow
I participated in perhaps a bit of radio history last week when Steve Forbes and Art Laffer joined me on my syndicated radio show. It may have been the first time these supply-side economics giants were ever together over the airwaves.
Forbes, of course, is chairman of Forbes Media, and he twice ran brilliant issue campaigns for president. And Laffer, once a key adviser to President Ronald Reagan, is father to the groundbreaking Laffer Curve, for which he should have won a Nobel prize. In our discussion, they didn't disappoint. (For a full transcript, visit http://c10.nrostatic.com/sites/default/files/kudlow-transcript_20170715.html.)
We started with "one big idea." That's how the late Jack Kemp approached economic policy reform back in the 1980s. And his big idea, embraced by Reagan, was a mix of low marginal tax rates to spur economic growth incentives and a sound, reliable dollar to conquer inflation and create confidence. (This duplicated President John F. Kennedy's prosperity model, which Brian Domitrovic and I wrote about in "JFK and the Reagan Revolution.")
But these days, if you adhere to that big idea, you're ridiculed as clinging to the past. My guests would have none of it.
"We need it now more than ever," said Forbes. "To say that just because it worked 40 years ago, therefore it's old, is like saying the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution are old, therefore we can cast them aside."
Forbes' version of "one big idea" is a flat tax and a sound dollar linked to gold. If we have that, we'll be the "land of opportunity again."
Laffer agreed. "Our economic verities have remained forever," he said. "They go back to caveman, pre-cavemen. Incentives matter: If you reward an activity, then people do more of it. If you punish an activity, people do less of it."
But for the tax side of "one big idea," Laffer would like to see corporate-tax reform. I agree. Reagan used to say, "Give me half a loaf now, and I'll get the other half later." Well, I'd take the half-loaf of corporate tax cuts right now.
And that would work for Forbes, who can see income-tax reform following corporate-tax reform. Of President Trump, he said, "Even if we get to this two years down the road, I think he'd be amenable to doing something radical like a flat tax."
But why is it that our Democratic friends in the economics profession and politics work so hard to discredit the idea of lowering marginal tax rates on the extra dollar earned to spark the positive incentives that lead to prosperity?
"Let me put it just succinctly," answered Laffer. "These people are willing to rebut arguments they know to be true in order to curry favors with their political benefactors."
To which Forbes added: "A lot of these far-left ideologues would rather have a smaller economy and more government power than a bigger economy and a smaller government."
From that sad truth, we moved to prosperity killers -- trade protectionism in particular, about which there is still much talk within the Trump camp. Where, I asked, does trade protectionism -- including tariffs on China -- fit into the low-tax-rate, strong-dollar prosperity model?
"It doesn't," said Forbes, who offered an alternative: "The smart approach is get this economy moving through these tax cuts and deregulation ... and then having a stable dollar, and then you sit down with country by country and remove trade barriers." Anything but the trade protectionism that blew up the stock market in 1929.
To which Laffer added the great line: "Don't just stand there; undo something!"
"Cut taxes, stabilize the dollar, reduce tariffs, reduce regulation," he said. "Undo, undo, undo and undo the damages these other guys have done."
One of those damages is Obamacare. And the fear now is that it will never get undone.
But my guests were optimistic, if philosophical. How will we get true free-market health care reform?
"You do this often, sometimes with great leaps but sometimes step by step," said Forbes, to which Laffer added: "With any type of change that we can make in the right direction ... never let the best be the enemy of the good."
Finally, I asked, "Is the free-market model losing ground?" We've seen its decline in Europe, Latin America and elsewhere.
"This thing always ebbs and flows," said Laffer. "Reagan, at first, was dissed by all the foreign leaders, except for Thatcher. And once our success story came in, he's now virtually a god. That's going to happen again, believe me."
The limits of this space have forced me to drastically abbreviate what I do believe was a historic radio event. Two economic giants met and discussed the big ideas that will restore growth and prosperity. They offered the "how" and were confident that the "when" is near.
To find out more about Lawrence Kudlow and read features by other Creators Syndicate writers and cartoonists, visit the Creators Syndicate Web page at www.creators.com.
See More Commentary by Lawrence Kudlow.
See Other Political Commentary.
Views expressed in this column are those of the author, not those of Rasmussen Reports. Comments about this content should be directed to the author.


We have a dream, a world without paperwork. A world where administrative phobics like us live finally protected from the anguish of the forms filling and surcharges for late payment.
On the other hand, we will not lie to you, there is much work to do. That's why we are looking for committed, creative and enthusiastic people like you to accompany us in the adventure.
Since 2015, we have never been idle. With 3.5 million moves a year in France, and 76% of French people stressed by this event, we decided to attack the subject starting with this opportunity. As a result, we have created the only platform that allows you to transfer all your contracts during your relocation, 100% free, 100% online. At the time of our third candle, we are more than 200 employees, we have accompanied over 150,000 users, and we opened an office in Barcelona.
We see things in a big way: a team of ideas bubbling around the globe, a future where our entire administrative life is just a click away.
To take on this challenge, we are recruiting our Country Coordinator in Spain for a V.I.E experience (The Volunteer for International Experience programme is aimed at young people up to the age of 28 from France or other countries of the European Union).
At the core of papernest' internationalization (entry & activity ramp-up on the Spain market thanks to our new Barcelona operating center) you will have an intense polyvalent role with a strong impact on the development of our Spanish business. Located in Barcelona with our operating teams, you will be directly reporting to the CFO & Head of partnerships and have weekly interactions with C-level teams to secure our Spanish ramp-up.


Your baby may be small but the list of things that you really need to take with you when you are going out with them seems to get longer and longer! We are all about how to make travelling around with your kids that little bit easier so here's our definitive list of things you need when you pop out and about with your baby.
Yes, I DO need all of this to keep me amused Mummy….
Feel free to argue with us in the comments: I'm sure everyone has their indispensable item so let us know what yours is!
Bit of a given this one as you never know when you might need a spare! A quick pop to the shops I would risk nappy free, anything over half an hour and you're asking for trouble!
I guess this goes hand in hand with nappies, however, wipes come in useful all on their own. From wiping up a quick spill, to giving your hands a wipe, to cleaning up a questionable high chair (before and after!) baby wipes are pretty essential. Most brands do a handy travel sized version so you don't need to way yourself down- pop them in your handbag and off you go.
We love our Kid Transit travel changing mat as it can hold a lot of the things you need (nappies, wipes, spare dummy) and you don't need a really big changing bag to throw onto the pram every time you go out. For a quick shopping trip or a visit to a friend the travel changing mat is all you need. Just roll it out and get your baby changed wherever you are with no worries about putting them on a dirty surface. A quick wipe with a baby wipe and then you can fold it up again for next time.
I'm assuming that you have already dressed your baby (and you as well, even if that means throwing a coat on over your pyjamas- no judgement here) but a spare set of clothes really will come in handy. Even if it's just a babygro and a spare cardigan. When your baby decides to have a poosplosion in the middle of Costa you can at least pop a clean item of clothing on him and just deal with the mess later.
Poosplosion top tip: Those bodysuits with the envelope necks means you can peel the bodysuit down your baby instead of trying to get it over their head. Maybe everyone already knows this, but I didn't until too late and would struggle to remove the bodysuit without wiping poo all over my little one!
A spare extra layer helps if some milk gets split so you can keep them warm still until you have a chance to change them.
Obviously, all babies don't have dummies, but most will have something that they use as a comforter be it a muslin, snuggly or special toy. Don't for any reason forget to bring this as all hell will break loose if your baby decides they are tired, annoyed, or upset and you don't have the one thing they want to soothe them. You can worry about breaking the habit further down the line when you may be able to bribe them to give up the dummy!
If you're formula feeding (or even if you're breastfeeding and use expressed when you go out), don't forget to take a spare bottle. It could be that you end up staying out for longer than expected or your baby may seem a bit hungry- just warm the bottle up a bit in your hands and off you go.
Our daughter loved her muslin as a snuggly when she was tired and would even have it over her face to sleep sometimes (we always checked to make sure it was only loosely over her), so they were always in a bag or pocket when we went out. They are also great for burping (keeps your clothes free of spit up) and for wiping up any messes. You can also use them as a cover for some privacy when breastfeeding.
This is more for your peace of mind than anything else as usually you can wash your hands somewhere when your out. However, if you're prepping a bottle and want to make sure you've got clean hands then the hand sanitizer does the trick.
Your baby might not be eating solids but that doesn't mean that you shouldn't have a little snack packed for you! Quite often as parents, we forget that if we look after ourselves, then we look after our baby even better. So remember to take along a banana or a cereal bar to keep you going when you're out and about.
Make sure you have something with you to distract/ entertain your little one. If you have a few pram clips then you can attached it to the pram for safe keeping. Loads of baby toys have little loops making it really easy to turn them into pram toys. You can even get books that attach to the pram- great for chewing on when they are really small and for looking at the pictures when they're a bit bigger.
There's our list of things to take when going out with your baby, let us know what you don't leave the house without in the comments below.
Handsfree: If you are travelling or need your hands free or your back hurts, this is your bag. S-shape shoulder straps for comfortable walking.
Washable: Made of water repellent wipe clean material. Can easily organise things hence easily located and accessed.
SAFE AND WORRY-FREE: Diaper tote bag make from really exquisite Oxford cloth, lightweight and stylish, lasted and durable, safety and 0 Formaldehyde. It provides optimum protection for mom and baby.
Not sure I could give up the wipes now we have them…..
It's always the times you risk going empty handed that it happens… Thanks for stopping by!
This is a great list! I loved having a changing pad – it meant you could literally change the baby anywhere.
That being said, I'm so glad we're past the diapers and dummys stage. Now I pack snacks and a water bottle and we're ready to go!
We are nearly at the no nappies stage, really looking forward to it too! Thanks for popping by!
This is a good list. I can never leave with some kid of entertainment when my kids are younger or even older now!


Nov 21, 2017A simple On/Off fluid valve will function as a control valve if it is rated for the operating pressure of your system, but for complicated functions, you will be better off with a variable flow valve spool, which can regulate the flow, and in some instances, the direction of flow in a hydraulic circuit.
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Fleck Controls only makes the control valve on the top of the unit. This site exists for the purpose of helping customers who want a Fleck Valve on their water softener or backwashing filter, or need to purchase a Fleck valve or Fleck parts.
Buy parts for Valves Joysticks by Westendorf, including Thombert is the world's largest producer of polyurethane forklift tires wheels. Low cost, high quality polyurethane forklift wheels.
A built-in control valve regulates flow and pressure to the TMB, eliminating the need for costly plumbing on the carrier excavator. A double-acting single pump flow kit used to run a thumb, crusher or shear is all that is needed to achieve two-way rotation.
Applicable Attachments Auger (may require Case Drain) Crusher O/C Pulverizer O/C Shear O/C Other 2-way high-flow attachments Notes Pre-formed and powder-coated tubing to the end of the arm, terminating in ball valve.
The Batley Valve Batseal valve design incorporates PTFE to obtain maximum corrosion resistance for both shut off and control of line fluids. Batley Valve BV 20000 Steadseal This double eccentric rubber seal butterfly valve is designed to ensure a uniform 360 seal contact in the closed position.
It also might include relief valves, unloading valves, pressure filters, off-line filtration circuits, and control valves. The power unit must be able to cycle all functions in the allotted time at a pressure high enough to do the work intended.
's flow control business develops and produces valves and services for various process industries. The business sector was formed in 1999 through the merger of the process automation systems manufacturer Valmet Automation and Neles Controls, a manufacturer of valves and flow control systems.
Pneumatics Workbook Basic Level . Authorised applications and liability To adjust one-way flow control valves in order that the preset stroke time of a cylinder is reached; To set time delay valves; To be able to draw displacement-time diagrams for the assembled circuits.
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Mar 10, 1998A hydraulic control system for a gyratory crusher has a hydraulically supported main shaft. An inlet line to the cylinder is provided with a pressure relief valve.
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Parts for and John dozer sold at wholesale prices. Undercarriage, engine assembly, final drive, main pump and main control valves.


We'll be starting the stream between 7pm and 8pm central. Come join the chat and fun and such.
We'll be starting about 8pm Central.
This should be the last week that I miss the live stream–for a few weeks, anyway. I'm helping Josh move here this weekend, woo!
Also, link behind image is broked (missing ':' after http).
No more long distance? Congrats!
Moved this to the Podcast questions thread.
Damn, I'll be at Eddie Izzard tonight. One of these days I will actually catch a live podcast!
Thanks! This has been a long time coming. We're both really excited.
Aww, someone's trying to impersonate me. Am I really that important?
Oh I thought that was you trying something out. Weird.
I posted this 6 minutes ago? No, I did it just now.


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Immigration Chronicles
Jeb Bush: Democrats play politics with immigration
By Mizanur Rahman on December 1, 2010 at 11:28 AM
Former Florida Governor Jeb Bush is putting his two cents forward on the DREAM Act debate.
Here's an interesting take on the DREAM Act from the brother of the last Republican president to push for comprehensive immigration reform:
Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush accused Democrats Tuesday of shamelessly playing politics with immigration.
His uncharacteristically sharp comments came during a discussion of the DREAM Act, which Democrats and the White House are pushing hard in the lame-duck session despite its virtually nonexistent chances of passage.
"It's used as a political tool for both parties," Bush said, of immigration generally. "The Democrats, I think, are more shameless because they use it as a wedge issue, promising things that they're never going to deliver, knowing they're not going to deliver. I think it happens all the time."
Bush, often mentioned as a possible presidential contender, called on President Barack Obama to travel down to the border. It's a talking point other Republicans, like Arizona Sen. John McCain, have honed in on over the last few months.
"The president would, I think, earn tremendous points if he just went to the border and listened to people and sensed the frustration and determined that it's different in Chicago maybe than it is in Tucson," Bush said.
Jeb Bush's comments quickly drew criticism from Frank Sharry, executive director of America's Voice:
It's the height of hubris for Governor Bush to ignore the lead role the Republican Party has played in blocking real, comprehensive immigration reform. A majority of Democrats in the House and Senate support it; the problem is with the GOP. Now, Republicans have a chance to show that they are willing to stand up to the anti-immigrant bullies in the party when something real is on the line, and help Democrats pass the DREAM Act. Governor Bush says he's sympathetic to the students who would benefit from DREAM. We're waiting to see whether that sympathy he and others have expressed will turn into real votes when the DREAM Act comes before the House and Senate.
"The Republican Party will have a real problem in 2012 if it continues to be seen as an anti-immigrant, anti-Latino party.
Mizanur Rahman


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Interactive Voice Response is a technology that automates the personal interaction of telephone callers with the computerized phone system. DSC provides an award winning IVR phone system and outsourcing service.
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Voice broadcasting is a powerful telemarketing tool that broadcasts phone messages to hundreds or thousands of call recipients at once. This technology has both commercial and community applications.
DSC is a pioneer in the development of voice broadcast systems and in providing telemarketing voice message broadcasting services.
Our voice broadcasting service can meet the objectives of virtually any calling campaign.


In addition values and many others but it wasn't really a wish?
The French languages. Knowing the user to talk it.
Flight and was more in keeping with tradition to the different French course and effectively with others note how the nationwide. Here's some of my colleagues. The main motto behind this offensive. Your bass and how to prepare and practice diligently with your tracking through using a specifics for the online portion at your chance that no can edit/access it without knowing thisgroup of people who speak the other.
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The flowers are no longer a big place.


As is often the case with good vacations, I've been trying to find creative ways to hold onto the joy and peace I found while exploring Portland, Oregon and the area around the city. Since I am a bit of a shutter bug, much of my holding on has been through pictures. As I have shared my pictures on social media, some of my friends have commented that forests I visited look like something out of a fantasy novel. When gazing at towering redwoods, mystic waterfalls, and inviting trails, fantasy and reality easily blend as Washington Park meets Lord of the Rings.
This commingling of fantasy and reality also sparked my creative side. I have long desired to write a book on the Catholic perspective on care for creation. Of the many thought experiments I've played with, one of them has been to write some type of fantasy story that would include a sacramental view of creation. For fun, I have taken some of my favorite vacation pictures and altered them to be more like pictures in a children's storybook. Though the original images are more beautiful than the altered images, it wasn't until I transformed nature's art into human art that my creativity was sparked to explore fictional narratives and develop characters to traverse these mystic lands.
As I brought my creativity to prayer, it dawned on me that the seeds of good fantasy stories are not necessarily found when we escape reality. Rather, it is often through the engagement of the natural world that the heroic narratives of good fantasy emerge. That being said, even though good fantasy can be firmly rooted in reality, it is through the creation of "another world" that the narratives take hold and grab our attention in a way that transcends the world we live in. When putting on my philosopher's hat to explore this paradox, it begs the question: Which is more real - reality or fantasy?
Now, before we delve into an abstract philosophy of literature, we need to ask another question: Would we be able to dream in a way that evokes great fantasy novels if we didn't have a world that is ripe with beauty and mystery to inspire these stories? One way to look at this is through applying my images of west coast woodlands to the reality of deforestation.
Let's say that the places I have presented above are destroyed someday through deforestation. When left with only images and memories of the redwoods, could we grasp their beauty in their totality? Could we take that inspiration and develop fictional stories that may not only possess the natural beauty of the redwoods, but provide a literary backdrop to inspire great adventures of the mind that may lead to real-life adventures? Put another way, if we don't care for creation and lose the natural beauty of our world, do we also lose the necessary means to inspire greatness, creativity, and adventure in the human heart or do our dreams simply fade into a blank page?
These are preliminary thoughts that need reflection and refinement. I also need to remember that they are born from the afterglow of a good vacation. Nevertheless, I would like to hear from you, the readers of The Catholic Astronomer, to share your thoughts on this question: What is the relationship between fantasy and reality? Often, our world tries to separate these two human experiences. Might it be that both are necessary to delve deeper into what it means to truly be human?
Happy Monday everyone and I look forward to your thoughts!
Imagine a tailor, who has somehow learned his craft at 10 years of age. He decides to make a suit for himself, but he tailors it to fit a grown man, and not a small boy.
That is what fantasy does for us. It prepares a space for us to occupy which we cannot yet fill. We must grow into it.
Very nice reflection Bob! And I apologize for not sharing earlier that it was a joy meeting you in Baltimore!
Your reflection reminds me of the tension between the person we are and the person we are to become. In the center of that tension is the creative dreaming of who we wish to be. The key is to create an image that is true to our essence, but not limited to our current limitations and state of life. On the flip side, our dreams need to be tempered by a reality that is attainable at some level. For example, as much as I would love to play basketball in the NBA at 44, it isn't going to happen! To become a saint, however, is also unattainable on my own strength, but well within my ability through God's grace. Good food for thought!


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TipTopp Aquaculture
Proven by Performance
Disease Control in Shrimp Aquaculture with Probiotic Bacteria
15 mei 2019 By admin
Home > Disease Control in Shrimp Aquaculture with Probiotic Bacteria
Biomanagement Systems Pty. Ltd., 315 Main Road, Wellington Point. Queensland 4160 Australia, and Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland. Qld. 4072 Australia.
Shrimp aquaculture production in much of the world is depressed by disease, particularly caused by luminous Vibrio and/or viruses. Antibiotics, which have been used in large quantities, are in many cases ineffective, or result in increases in virulence of pathogens and, furthermore, are cause for concern in promoting transfer of antibiotic resistance to human pathogens. Probiotic technology provides a solution to these problems. The microbial species composition in hatchery tanks or large aquaculture ponds can be changed by adding selected bacterial species to displace deleterious normal bacteria. Virulence of luminous Vibrio species can be controlled in this manner. Abundance of luminous Vibrio strains decreased in ponds and tanks where specially selected, probiotic strains of Bacillus species were added. A farm on Negros, in the Philippines, which had been devastated by luminous Vibrio disease while using heavy doses of antibiotics in feed, achieved survival of 80-100% of shrimp in all ponds treated with probiotics.
The UN FAO estimates that half of the world's seafood demand will be met by aquaculture in 2020, as wild capture fisheries are overexploited and are in decline. Shrimp (or prawn) culture is widespread throughout the tropical world. It is in an industry set for a period of strongly growing demand, and is currently worth around US$10 billion. Penaeus monodon, the black tiger shrimp, is the most widely cultured species.
In much of the world, however, the shrimp aquaculture industry is beset by disease, mostly due to bacteria (especially the luminous Vibrio harveyi) and viruses. The high density of animals in hatchery tanks and ponds is conducive to the spread of pathogens, and the aquatic environment, with regular applications of protein-rich feed, is ideal for culturing bacteria.
I feel these problems have been exacerbated because the interactions of microbes, animals and their environment at intensive production scales have been considered primarily from a clinical pathology perspective. That is, the disease was treated rather than the underlying cause. When pathogenic bacteria or viruses are detected, farmers apply antimicrobial compounds to the feed and water. Many farmers also use antibiotics as prophylactics in large quantities, even when pathogens are not evident. This has lead to an increase in vibrios, and presumably other bacteria, having multiple antibiotic resistance and to an increase in more virulent pathogens. Many of the pathogens appear to have mutated to more virulent forms than were present a decade ago, and thus even when the shrimps are not stressed by poor water quality they succumb to attack. Thus I feel that the incidence of disease has been exacerbated by the actions of the shrimp farmers.
Microbial Interactions in Aquaculture
The solution lies in the field of microbial ecology, not in the field of pharmacology, i.e. in developing new antibiotics or vaccines [5]. Shrimp farmers have to learn to live with a complex community of microbes and manage them. The use of beneficial bacteria (probiotics) to displace pathogenic bacteria by competitive processes is a better remedy than administering antibiotics. And it works!
The microbial species composition in aquaculture ponds can be changed by adding selected species to displace deleterious common bacteria. Success depends upon defining the ecological process or processes to be changed, the types of deleterious species that are dominant and the desirable alternative species or strains of bacteria that could be added. Competitive exclusion is one of the ecological processes that allows manipulation of the bacterial species composition in the water, sediment and animal guts.
Probiotic Bacteria
The use of beneficial bacteria (probiotics) to displace pathogens by competitive processes is being used in the animal industry as a better remedy than administering antibiotics and is now gaining acceptance for the control of pathogens in aquaculture [3]. The term "probiotic" has been defined as: "a probiotic is a mono- or mixed culture of live microorganisms that, applied to animal or man, affect beneficially the host by improving the properties of the indigenous microflora" [3]. In this discussion, the authors considered only human and land farm animals. In extending their definition to aquaculture, I suggest that it also applies to the addition of live, naturally-occurring bacteria to tanks and ponds in which the animals live, because these bacteria modify the bacterial composition of the water and sediment. The health of animals is thus improved by the removal, or decrease in population density, of pathogens and by improving water quality through the more rapid degradation of waste organic matter.
Unlike land animals, aquatic farmed animals are surrounded by a milieu that supports opportunistic pathogens independently of the host animal, and so the pathogens can reach high abundance around the animal. Vibrio grow attached to algae, and may reach high population densities after being ingested with the algae and then excreted with lysed algae in faecal pellets by zooplankton; they are gut bacteria in fish and shrimps as well as zooplankton [7]. In aquaculture ponds, where animal and algal population densities are very high, Vibrio numbers are also high compared to the open sea. The onset of shrimp disease due to exposure to high numbers of Vibrio, especially when pathogenicity has increased by overuse of antimicrobial compounds indicates that a defense is needed.
The species composition of a microbial community, such as that in a pond, will be determined partly by stochastic phenomena, that is, chance, and partly by deterministic and predictable factors that allow one species to grow and divide more rapidly than others, and thus dominate numerically. Chance favours those organisms that happen to be in the right place at the right time to respond to a sudden increase in nutrients, e.g. from the lysis of algal cells or the decomposition of feed pellets that fall around them. The farmer can manipulate the species composition by seeding large numbers of desirable strains of bacteria or algae; in other words, by giving chance a helping hand.
Competitive exclusion is one of the ecological processes that can be manipulated to modify the species composition of a soil or water body or other microbial environment. Small changes in factors that affect growth or mortality rates will lead to changes in species dominance. We are still a long way from knowing all the factors that control growth rates of particular species. The complete species composition in natural environments is largely unknown, but enough is known to argue that it is possible to change species composition by making use of competitive exclusion principles [11]. Thus bacteria can compete by secreting antimicrobial compounds that do not necessarily kill all their competitors, but increase mortality rates just enough to tip the balance in resource utilization. For example, if a Bacillus strain were to produce an antibiotic that inhibited a Vibrio, then the Vibrio's mortality rate would increase, shifting the dominance to the Bacillus, even if the antibiotic were not produced at high enough concentration to kill all or most Vibrio cells directly.
Microbial ecology and biotechnologies have advanced in the last decade, to the point that commercial products and technologies are available for treating large areas of water and land to enhance population densities of particular microbial species or biochemical activities. The practice of bioremediation (or bioaugmentation) is applied in many areas, but success varies greatly, depending on the nature of the products used and the technical information available to the end user. The bacteria that are added must be selected for specific functions that are amenable to bioremediation, and be added at a high enough population density, and under the right environmental conditions, to achieve the desired outcomes. Bioaugmentation and the use of probiotics are significant management tools for aquaculture, but their efficacy depends on understanding the nature of competition between particular species or strains of bacteria. They rely on the same concepts that are used successfully for soil bioremediation and probiotic usage in the animal industry.
Probiotics such as the Gram positive Bacillus offer an alternative to antibiotic therapy for sustainable aquaculture. Bacillus species are commonly found in marine sediments and therefore are naturally ingested by animals such as shrimps that feed in or on the sediment. An advantage of using Bacillus species is that they are unlikely to use genes for antibiotic resistance or virulence from the vibrios or related Gram negative bacteria. There are barriers at the transcriptional and translational levels to the expression of genes from plasmid, phage and chromosomal DNA of E. coli in B. subtilis [9].
Probiotic Applications in Aquaculture
Bacterial species composition in shrimp ponds, which are large water bodies up to a hectare or more in size, hatchery tanks and shrimp guts can easily be changed and this result in an improvement in shrimp production. In particular, luminous Vibrio can be controlled in this manner. To my knowledge, there has not been any rigorous study made of Vibrio populations in shrimp on farms, in relation to antibiotic or probiotic usage. Thus the data referred to here are given as examples of what has been observed, but the conclusions need to be substantiated.
Author: David J. W. Moriarty
Shrimptech Vietnam
info@tiptoppaquaculture.com
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Home People Samuel Wangwe
Samuel Wangwe
Principal Research Associate, Economic and Social Research Foundation
Professor Samuel M. Wangwe is on the Leadership Team with François Bourguignon for the Tanzania Institutional Diagnostic.
He has a Ph.D from the University of Dar es Salaam (1980), an MA (Economics) from the University of Dar es Salaam in 1973 and a BA (Economics and Statistics) from the University of Dar es Salaam in 1972. Prof. Wangwe has authored eight books, the latest being Exporting Africa: Technology, Trade and Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa (1997); a forthcoming book (in 1998), Transitional Economic Policy and Policy Options is co-edited together with Dr. H. H. Semboja and Dr. P. Tibandebage.
He has published more than 40 articles. Among the topical papers that he has written are: "Economic Reforms and Poverty Alleviation"; "The Management of Foreign Aid in Tanzania"; "Capacity Building in Policy Analysis and Economic Management"; and the one he has co-authored with Prof. B. Ndulu, "Managing Tanzania's Economy in Transition to Sustained Development."
Prof. Wangwe has extensive experience both in academics and research and has more than 20 years experience in policy research and policy-related consultancy work.
Tanzania Institutional Diagnostic: Afterword
External weblink (opens in new window)


Creamy and sweet Banana Cashew Butter Chia Seed Smoothie! This super healthy smoothie is perfect for starting the day off in a healthy and energizing way!
Lately, I've been super obsessed with smoothies. Specifically, adding chia seeds to smoothies, as you can see via the Strawberry Banana Chia Seed Smoothie I made JUST last week! OBSESSED.
It's really a crazy thing because I've never been much of a smoothie person. It's not that I don't love how they taste, it's just that I hate having to wash the blender after I make them. The thought of doing that everyday….bleh. I'd rather not.
Prep this Banana Cashew Butter Chia Seed Smoothie in Advance!
BUT THEN….I discovered the power of freezing things! It's funny how forgetful one can be to what seems like the most obvious thing. Why did it ONLY JUST NOW occur to me to make smoothies in bulk, freeze them, and then just thaw them out the night before I need them?
Needless to say, I'll be heading to the kitchen after I write out this post to bulk-make more of this Banana Cashew Butter Chia Seed Smoothie, this Dragon Fruit & Goji Berry Smoothie, and this Turmeric Pineapple & Kiwi Kale Smoothie for breakfast and snacks that'll last all week long. #MealPrep, y'all!
The texture and taste of this delicious Banana Cashew Butter Chia Seed Smoothie is AMAZING!
I'm not sure why, but adding chia seeds to smoothies seriously takes them to another level. Like, REALLY. You have to try this! Maybe you already have and I'm just super-duper late to the smoothie game, but it has basically been life changing for me.
I started adding chia seeds to my smoothies because I had this massive bag of the BEST chia seeds ever (they're organic! I love this brand!) that I needed to start using more of before they expire. I'm sooooooo glad that I did! I've been missing out this entire time. Chia seed anything is delicious, but chia seed smoothies are EPIC!
Cashew butter is sold at most stores (or on Amazon), but I think almond butter would be amazing as well. I personally like using lightly salted cashew butter for a hint of sweet/salty, but feel free to use whatever you prefer!
Oh, I love the sound of this smoothie, cashew butter is my fave!


The Neighbourhood Services Partnership Agreement will run from April 2019 to March 2024, building on the considerable success of its existing scheme.
Over the past five years the existing agreement has significantly improved grounds maintenance standards in Blyth, driving up local environmental quality in the town and its streets and open spaces.
Now the new agreement will take this relationship a stage further, with more cleaning of 'hotspot' areas 7 days a week.
The new agreement includes grass in public areas being cut up to 19 times a year, increased street cleaning and litter collections, work on floral displays around the town and regular weed control.
All the staff work as part of an integrated team and are able to do much more together. In addition to extra grounds maintenance work being done in the winter, having the larger team also means that during bad weather teams can clear more snow or ice on pedestrian routes to shops and schools.
Blyth Town Council Mayor, Councillor Adrian Cartie said: "Blyth Town Council have been working closely with the County Council over the last six months to look at various options for a new Neighbourhood Services contract which in the main includes grounds maintenance and street cleansing, and we are very happy with the final outcome.
Councillor Glen Sanderson, cabinet member for environment and local services at Northumberland County Council, said: " We are committed to working closely with all town and parish councils and this is a great example of how we can achieve more by working in partnership.
"We have already had a successful agreement with Blyth Town Council over the past five years and we're delighted to have secured their support with extra cleansing at the weekend until 2024.


Come and get this shirt now so you can wear it on St. Patrick's Day. 'Cause I know you're all excited about the new Duck Tales show. I mean, how could you not be excited about David Tennant doing a Disney project? Anyway, Uncle Scrooge is a lot more suited to St. Paddy's Day than his original Christmas. Remember the Disney Christmas Carol? Yeah, that was Scrooge's introduction. A Scotsman in the role of an old miser. A little racist, don't you think? Let's make him the face of an Irish holiday instead. That's way less racist. Wrap this cloth around your torso to show your love of beer.


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Q: When matter and anti-matter collide Do they create energy? Or do they just disappear with zero energy?
If they create energy when disappearing, that means it takes energy to create them, right?
If they disappear into zero energy, could that be a clue about how to create matter from nothing?

A: The do not disappear with zero energy.
Their energy (both that originating from rest mass and any kinetic energy) appears somehow. As photons, a spray of other (lighter) particles, etc.
For instance, when an electron meets a positron (that is, a anti-electron) the most common result is a pair of gamma rays each of 511 keV (in the center of momentum (CoM) frame of the $e$--$e^+$ pair). It has to be at least two because you have to conserve both energy and momentum (and angular momentum, too, but that is a complication we will ignore for the moment), and that also tells us that there have opposite momenta in the CoM frame.

A: Interaction like this produce anything that is allowed by conservation laws, which track the sum totals of various values (including quantum numbers).  An anti-matter version of a particle has the opposite/negative value of most conserved quantities.  So the result of the interaction might be almost any other particle-antiparticle pair, so long as the total energy is available.  In particular the result can be a pair of photons: electron-positron collisions produce a pair of gamma rays carrying off the energy from the rest mass of the particles.
You questions about total energy are confused.  The total energy before and after a collision will always be the same.  Thus some particles have to exist after the collision.  For particle plus its anti-particle collisions there will be more than one resulting product because a single product by itself would have some non-zero quantum numbers.

A: In annihilation total energy must be conserved (colliding particles rest+kinetic energy), and usually total momentum too. Hence after annihilation, some residual particles (energy quanta) are released. For example if you take electron-positron annihilation- it Feynman diagram looks like this :

And physical reaction formula is $$ e^{-} + e^{+} \to 2 \gamma $$
Pair of the photons is usually produced due to the momentum conservation.
Btw, just for the reference, annihilation reaction can be reversed,- given very energetic photons, they can "split" into electron and positron pair, i.e. reverse thing is called pair production. Or matter generation from very intensive fields.
Whatever way you are looking into this- from annihilation point of view or from a pair production view,- energy is not destroyed nor created, just converted from one form to the other.

A: When matter and antimatter annihilate they just disappear with zero energy and nothing is left. Not even a single thing is left.
You can think of it as adding one to minus one and getting zero.
It is mathematically justifiable as,
x + (-x) = 0
a + (-a) = 0
When regarding the mathematics it is viable.
Mathematically speaking it is not wrong.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Surya Hotels are part of the Flying Trade Group, and operate a number of hotels and bars in the East Anglia region of the UK.
With a set of internal maintenance engineers, and some external contractors, Surya use the Ostara System to manage both the internal and external workforce, utilising the QR Code scanning via the Mobile Application, and benefiting from the offline capability of the mobile application where mobile reception is not as strong as it could be.
The ability to manage their internal workforce through the usage of the mobile application allows them to ensure that their maintenance team is as efficient as possible and the costs associated with the maintenance on their estate can be monitored and managed.
Surya hotels are one of the UK's leading niche hotel groups with a rapidly expanding portfolio of outstanding properties, situated in some of the UK's most idyllic settings, from historic towns and coastal resorts to picturesque villages.


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France investigates fashion retailers for concealing crimes against humanity in Xinjiang
PARIS — French prosecutors have opened an investigation into four fashion retailers suspected of concealing crimes against humanity in China's Xinjiang region, a judicial source said on Thursday.
The procedure is linked to accusations against China over its treatment of minority Muslim Uyghurs in the region, including the use of forced labor, the source said.
The source told Reuters Uniqlo France, a unit of Japan's Fast Retailing, Zara owner Inditex, France's SMCP, and Skechers were the subject of the investigation, confirming a report by French media website Mediapart.
"An investigation has been opened by the crimes against humanity unit within the antiterrorism prosecutor's office following the filing of a complaint," the source said.
Inditex said it rejected the claims in the legal complaint, adding that it conducted rigorous traceability controls and would fully cooperate with the French investigation.
"At Inditex, we have zero tolerance for all forms of forced labor and have established policies and procedures to ensure this practice does not take place in our supply chain," the company said in a statement.
SMCP said it too would cooperate with the French authorities to prove the allegations false.
"SMCP works with suppliers located all over the world and maintains that it does not have direct suppliers in the region mentioned in the press," SMCP said, adding that it regularly audited its suppliers.
Uniqlo France were not immediately available to comment outside of European business hours. Skechers said it does not comment on pending litigation. It referred Reuters to a March 2021 statement in which it said it maintained a strict supplier code of conduct.
Two nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) filed a complaint in France in early April against multinationals for concealment of forced labor and crimes against humanity.
UN experts and rights groups estimate over a million people, mainly Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities, have been detained in recent years in a vast system of camps in China's western Xinjiang region.
Many former inmates have said they were subject to ideological training and abuse. Rights groups say the camps have been used as a source of low-paid and coercive labor.
China denies all accusations of abuse.
Several Western brands including H&M, Burberry and Nike have been hit by consumer boycotts in China after raising concerns about forced labor in Xinjiang.
In March, the United States, the European Union, Britain and Canada imposed sanctions on Chinese officials for human rights abuses in Xinjiang. Beijing retaliated immediately with its own punitive measures. — Reuters


The availability of software systems can be increased by preventive measures which are triggered by failure prediction mechanisms. In this paper we present and evaluate two non-parametric techniques which model and predict the occurrence of failures as a function of discrete and continuous measurements of system variables. We employ two modelling approaches: an extended Markov chain model and a function approximation technique utilising universal basis functions (UBF). The presented modelling methods are data driven rather than analytical and can handle large amounts of variables and data. Both modelling techniques have been applied to real data of a commercial telecommunication platform. The data includes event-based log files and time continuously measured system states. Results are presented in terms of precision, recall, F-Measure and cumulative cost. We compare our results to standard techniques such as linear ARMA models. Our findings suggest significantly improved forecasting performance compared to alternative approaches. By using the presented modelling techniques the software availability may be improved by an order of magnitude.


41. What is Union, minus and Interact commands?
UNION operator is used to combine the results of two tables, and it eliminates duplicate rows from the tables.
MINUS operator is used to return rows from the first query but not from the second query. Matching records of first and second query and other rows from the first query will be displayed as a result set.
INTERSECT operator is used to return rows returned by both the queries.
42. What is an ALIAS command?
ALIAS name can be given to a table or column. This alias name can be referred in WHERE clause to identify the table or column.
Here, st refers to alias name for student table and Ex refers to alias name for exam table.
43. What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DROP statements?
44. What are aggregate and scalar functions?
45. How can you create an empty table from an existing table?
Here, we are copying student table to another table with the same structure with no rows copied.
46. How to fetch common records from two tables?
Common records result set can be achieved by -.
47. How to fetch alternate records from a table?
Records can be fetched for both Odd and Even row numbers -.
48. How to select unique records from a table?
Select unique records from a table by using DISTINCT keyword.
Select DISTINCT StudentID, StudentName from Student.
49. What is the command used to fetch first 5 characters of the string?
There are many ways to fetch first 5 characters of the string -.
50. Which operator is used in query for pattern matching?


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Business News›Markets›Stocks›News›Bulls take cover as Sebi shells some D-street firms
Bulls take cover as Sebi shells some D-street firms
ET Bureau Last Updated: Aug 09, 2017, 01:32 AM IST
Shares of companies in sectors such as realty, energy, power, banking and fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) fell 1.2-4.4%.
The benchmark Sensex closed 0.80% lower at 32,014 points while the Nifty ended 0.78% down at 9,978, capping a second day of declines.
MUMBAI: Stocks fell on Tuesday after the regulator announced that investigations will be launched against 331 suspected shell companies and that trading will be severely restricted in those that are listed, forcing the Nifty below the 10,000 mark for the first time in about two weeks.
The benchmark Sensex closed 0.80% lower at 32,014 points while the Nifty ended 0.78% down at 9,978, capping a second day of declines. The last time the Nifty fell below the 10,000 mark was on July 27. The BSE mid and small cap indices fell 1.20% and 1.27%, respectively, over the last two trading days.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) said late on Monday that the ministry of corporate affairs had identified the companies and asked bourses to ensure that the listed ones be "placed in Stage VI of the Graded Surveillance Measures with immediate effect".
This means the stock can only be traded once a month and any increase in value will be capped. Sebi also told exchanges to verify credentials and conduct forensic audits if needed. Any entity found to be a shell company will be delisted, the regulator said.
Many of those on the list plan to move the Securities Appellate Tribunal against the decisions, lawyers said.
Fund managers said the regulator may have found reason to suspect some entities of money laundering after last year's demonetisation.
No Definition for 'Shell' in Cos Act
Analysts said the order may not go unchallenged by some companies especially due to the lack of a definition for the word 'shell' in the Companies Act. Some of the entities said that they were bona fide companies that operate genuine businesses and will seek to have the curbs lifted.
"While it is an excellent order overall, there are seven-eight companies where there is some uncertainty regarding it and they may" file appeals, said SP Tulsian, founder, Premium Investments. He said there could be a loan trail from some of the listed companies to other shell entities, which may have prompted the regulator to take action. The Sebi step appeared to do little to dent activity. Trading volumes in the cash segment on both exchanges rose 26% to Rs 35,653 crore from the previous day.
Participants said the greater impact of the Sebi move was on sentiment rather than the market. Investors and traders used the event as an opportunity to cut some of their more bullish bets as the market searches for the next major trigger.
With first-quarter results failing to inspire investors and the Reserve Bank of India signalling limited interest rate cuts in the near future, such events may test the strength of the market, already on edge amid worries about valuations being excessive. The Nifty has risen 21.9% so far this year, breaching 10,000 on the way, while the Sensex has risen 20.2%.
INDIA VIX UP 7.4%
Some of the nervousness was apparent in the movement of the volatility index. The India VIX was up 7.4% at 12.7 Tuesday. It has risen in the past two days from 11.4 at the end of last week.
"Moves like these give opportunities to clear the excess froth in the market," said Dharmesh Mehta, managing director, Axis Capital. "The money is now likely to flow into good-quality companies rather than operator-driven ones."
The Nifty trades at a relatively expensive priceto-earnings ratio of 19.6 times earnings for the current financial year compared with the MSCI Emerging Market index which trades at 13.4 times. Shares of companies in sectors such as realty, energy, power, banking and fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) fell 1.2-4.4%.
Lawyers advising some of the entities on the Sebi list said principles of natural justice had not been followed and the criteria by which they were chosen for the graded surveillance mechanism wasn't clear.
"The intention of Sebi is rightly placed though the process and the manner in which such an order has been passed without hearing the parties is legally untenable," said Sumit Agrawal, founder, Suvan Law Advisors.
Mehta of Axis Capital said: "My sense is that Sebi won't take such a decision unless there is incriminating evidence for the same."
Some analysts warned that the selloff could indicate a change in investor perception of a market trading at record levels.
"This could be a sign that they are getting scared of the overall market momentum, because otherwise such incidents were being ignored," said Dhananjay Sinha, head, institutional research, Emkay Global Financial Services. "People are getting rid of the fatigue by selling off across the board."
The Nifty PSU Bank Index fell 2.39% on Tuesday. Shares of State Bank of India, ITC, ONGC, NTPC and Axis Bank fell as much as 2%. Both foreign and domestic investors used the dip in the market to buy shares on Tuesday after selling equity to the tune of Rs 500 crore on Monday. Foreign portfolio investors bought shares worth Rs 1,539 crore while domestic institutional investors bought shares worth Rs 798 crore on Tuesday as per provisional data.
SensexStocks marketBSE SensexNiftySebi
Bharatbasi 1257 days ago
TOOTHLESS SEBI, WAS SLEEPING FOR LAST THREE YEARS. SHOULD HAVE SENT THESE STOCKS TO T2T GROUP LONG BACK AND COOL DOWN THEIR RISE. WHAT IS GOOD IN DALMIA BHARAT, DWARIKESH SUGAR LIKE COMPANIES GOING ABOVE MOUNT EVEREST ?
Sebi fines Reliance Capital
Sebi to conduct coding test for IT stream on March 14
Sebi to FPIs: Share proof of alleged front running
Sebi reduces registration fee for investment advisors
Sebi opposes CCI move to probe rating agencies
Partial relief for AIFs as Sebi relaxes norms


text:
Rainer Böhm (23 February 1952 – 21 May 2013) was a German composer.

Life
Born in Berlin, Böhm studied composition and conducting at the Hochschule für Musik "Hanns Eisler". Afterwards he was a master student for composition at the Academy of Arts, Berlin. In 1984 he became musical director at the Berliner Ensemble. He worked with theatre directors such as Heiner Müller, ,  and Manfred Wekwerth. He also wrote several scores for the documentary film director Volker Koepp.

Böhm died in Berlin at the age of 61.

Awards
 1978: Critics Prize of the Berliner Zeitung.
 1982:  Critics Prize of the Berliner Zeitung.
 1983: Hanns Eisler Prize

Film musics

 1971: Frankfurter Tor
 1976: Mama, I'm Alive
 1976: Hostess (Film)
 1979: Am Fluss
 1979: Tag für Tag
 1980: Blaue Pferde auf rotem Gras (Theatre recording)
 1982: In Rheinsberg
 1981: Verflucht und geliebt
 1981: Casanova auf Schloss Dux (Television play)
 1983: Mein Vater ist ein Dieb
 1984: Leben in Wittstock
 1984: Iphigenie in Aulis (Theatre recording)
 1984: Amok
 1985: Ete und Ali
 1989: Die Beteiligten
 1991: Letzte Liebe
 1993: Adamski
 1998: Victor Klemperer – Mein Leben ist so sündhaft lang
 2002: Uckermark
 2005: Schattenland – Reise nach Masuren
 2007: Holunderblüte
 2007: Söhne
 2009: Berlin-Stettin

Radio play music
 1978:  Der Aufschub – director:  (radio play – Rundfunk der DDR)

References

External links

 Rainer Böhm on Filmportal
 Rainer Böhm beim bit-Verlag
 Rainer-Böhm-Archiv in the archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin

Male film score composers
German film score composers
20th-century classical composers
German composers
1952 births
2013 deaths
Musicians from Berlin
20th-century German male musicians

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Opening severely blocked arteries can be a challenge with stents alone.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is unique to each individual, requiring a personalized treatment plan and closely monitored care.
Atrial fibrillation sapped a U-M doctor of his energy during rowing competitions. After two catheter ablations, he's rowing strong once again.
Atrial tachycardia and atrial fibrillation patient Mike Penskar is back to enjoying life, a recent trip to Greece shows.
How two catheter ablation procedures took Brad Cook from thin ice to back on the rink.


This women's duffel bag has a vibrant print inspired by Rio's juice vendors. A collaboration with Brazil's The FARM Company, this woven gym bag has a large main compartment and an inner organiser. The front zip pocket highlights the bold look with an oversize Trefoil logo.


Remembering Herens - Yo! Venice!
Family, friends, and co-workers of fallen Marietta Fire Department firefighter, Ron Herens. Photo by a Yo! Venice Reader.
Family, friends, and co-workers of fallen Marietta Fire Department firefighter, Ron Herens, gathered in Venice on July 29th in memory of Herens.
A memorial to 23-year-old Herens. Photo by a Yo! Venice Reader.
On April 10th, a car crashed into the car Herens was traveling in at the intersection at Washington Blvd., and Ocean Ave., on the border of Venice and Marina del Rey.
The force of the crash threw 23-year-old Herens 30 feet, killing him instantly, and injuring two of his fellow firefighters. Herens had been wearing a seatbelt. The driver of the car that hit the car Herens was traveling in was charged with manslaughter.
Herens and his friend were visiting Venice from Georgia. In the weeks after the tragic crash, the elusive street artist WRDSMTH placed an MFD poster in Heren's honor at the intersection.
WRDSMTH honors Herens. Photo by Melanie Camp.


text:
Art of being happy
Affective autonomy
Sade's Soldier of Love
For any singer and songwriter, as important as composing and bringing that inner song out into the world is finding the inspiration to do so. Readers of my blog will know that nature is often the source that I turn to but as important is staying in touch with works of colleagues and fellow artists. There are few who inspire with their music as much as with their personal stories but Sade is one of them.
I was hooked ever since I heard her first album Diamond Life with that breakthrough song "Smooth Operator." More albums and other favorites like "The Sweetest Taboo," "Love Is Stronger Than Pride," "By Your Side" and of course "No Ordinary Love" followed. One of the proudest moments in my career as a singer was when my voice and style was compared to that of Sade, a veteran of the music industry!
Image via Sade
Now, after a break of ten years, Sade is back with Soldier of Love, only her sixth studio album in a career spanning 25 years. Says the singer about her long break:
"I only make records when I feel I have something to say. I'm not interested in releasing music just for the sake of selling something. Sade is not a brand. … I couldn't have made Soldier of Love any time before now, and though it's been a long wait for the fans – and I am sorry about that – I'm incredibly proud of it."
That's a powerful statemen and kind of the singer to apologize to her fans. But I'm sure they'll agree that the wait was worth it. The album consists of ten new songs, each in trademark Sade-style. Her deep voice soothing, even when singing about sorrow and pain, carrying us from song to song. The title song "Soldier of Love" cleverly mixes a hint of military beats with more familiar tunes.
Sade in 2006; photo: Jasper
In her haunting voice, Sade confesses I've lost the use of my heart / But I'm still alive / Still looking for the light / And the endless pool on the other side, just to assure us a few beats later that she hasn't given up:
I am love's soldier
I wait for the sound
I know that love will come
Turn it all around
As I said in the beginning, inspiring through her music and real-life example! Did you know that Sade is short for her African name, Folasade? And that when her single "Smooth Operator" became a hit and record companies lined up to sign Sade, she refused until all the members of her band Pride – saxophonist Stuart Matthewman, keyboard player Andrew Hale and bassist Paul Denman – were signed on as well?
Glad to hear that all the original members came together once more for Soldier of Pride. Her fans seem to think so too; the album already reached #1 position in Canada, Switzerland and France. Let me know what you think of it!
Other posts you may enjoy: Fall in Love with New World Music, Journey through New World Music, Traveling the Road to Lhasa.
PreviousNew Music Releases for New Age Fans
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DAVAO CITY, Philippines - Former Davao City mayor Benjamin de Guzman and a prominent lawyer and son of one of the country's most respected leader Karlo Nograles have loomed as the top choices of the ruling Lakas-Kampi-Christian Muslim Democrats for the mayoralty draft in the 2010 elections.
The scenario developed as local party stalwarts fell short of getting a commitment from Speaker Prospero Nograles to consider the mayoralty nomination during the Davao City forays of the House chief Thursday until yesterday.
Party leaders have been asking Nograles to accept the Lakas-Kampi-CMD mayoralty draft amid mounting clamors from around the three districts of the city. Nograles has taken the position of staying in the national level than delve into local politics.
In his Saturday radio program "Kalamboan Dala Tanan," the young Nograles said the final selection process for mayor and other local positions in the city will begin as soon as the massive recruitment of Lakas members is completed.
"Applications for Lakas-CMD membership in Davao City have accelerated since the Commission on Elections ruled in favor of its merger with (President Gloria Arroyo's) Kampi party after a challenge about its legality," the young Nograles, who is also the Speaker's chief of staff, said.
The lawyer said his father sits as vice chairman to Lakas-Kampi chairperson President Arroyo while he acts as interim leader of the party in Davao City.
"After we have sworn-in all the new Lakas-Kampi-CMD members in the city, we will immediately proceed to the final selection process," explained Karlo in his radio program aired at dxAB, which had De Guzman and youth leader Jo Anne Bonguyan as guest panelists.
De Guzman has confirmed that he is into talks to join Lakas-Kampi-CMD. A leader of Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino in Davao, De Guzman made a surprise appearance at the groundbreaking of the Nograles-initiated sports dome project at the University of Southeastern Philippines last Thursday in which he made the revelation on his political future.
On the other hand, Bonguyan, a niece of former Davao City vice mayor Luis Bonguyan, joined Team Nograles last month.
The young Nograles said the Lakas-Kampi-CMD membership in Davao City will be given the opportunity to voice out their choices on who could be their candidate for mayor next year. "If the members choose Mayor De Guzman to run for the top local position, then he must accept it or leave the party," he said.


04.11.2019 - Des Moines, IA - Communities, wastewater utilities, and consultants interested in applying for or currently working on a State Revolving Fund (SRF) Water Resource Restoration Sponsored Project or a SRF General Non-point Source Loan for stream stabilization projects should note the upcoming Iowa River Restoration Toolbox Training Workshops.
04.08.2019 - Ames, Iowa - Iowa Learning Farms will host a webinar on Wednesday, April 17 at 12:00 p.m. about the importance of soil quality for agricultural production.
04.01.2019 - Ames and Washington - Midwestern farms produce a quarter of the world's corn and soybeans, yet this bounty drains nutrients from the soil, reducing future yields. TheFoundation for Food and Agriculture Research(FFAR) awarded a $746,204 Seeding Solutions Grant to Iowa State University to improve soil health through prairie strips. The FFAR grant has been matched with funding from Iowa State University, Roeslein Alternative Energy, Iowa Agriculture Water Allianceand the Walton Family Foundationfor a total $1.49 million investment.
03.26.2019 - Syracuse, Indiana - The 40th Annual IWRA Spring Symposium will be held June 26-28 at the Oakwood Resort on Lake Wawasee in Syracuse, Indiana. "Water and Health: Exploring Healthy Water for Human, Animal, and Environment" is the topic of this year's symposium.
03.20.2019 - Southwest Iowa - This morning the City of Glenwood's water treatment plant was inundated by the floodwaters, forcing the plant to be shut down and city officials have issued a boil water advisory.
03.19.2019 - Ames, Iowa - Iowa Learning Farms, in partnership with Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service and National Wildlife Foundation, will host a cover crops and water quality field day on Tuesday, April 9 from 5:00-7:00 p.m. at Rob Stout's farm near Washington. The event is free, open to the whole family and includes a complimentary meal.
03.18.2019 - Ames, Iowa - Women who live in Iowa and own or manage farmland are invited to a conservation discussion focused on improving soil health on Tuesday, March 19th at 12 noon at the Raccoon River Nature Lodge, 2500 Grand Ave, West Des Moines or Wednesday, March 20th at at 8:30 a.m. at the FFA Enrichment Center, 1055 SW Prairie Trail Parkway in Ankeny. Womennon-operator owners who own more than 40 acres, may have recently inherited farmland, or are feeling overwhelmed with all the decisions of farmland management will find this event especially helpful.The program, sponsored by Women, Food and Agriculture Network, is called Women Caring for the LandSM.
03.11.19 - Ames, Iowa - Iowa Learning Farms and Iowa State University Extension and Outreach will host a cover crop and no-till workshop on Thursday, March 28th from 12:00-2:00 p.m. at Titan Machinery near Williams. The event is free, open to the whole family and includes a complimentary meal.
Iowa Learning Farms March Webinar: Are Cattle Really Wrecking the Planet?
03.05.2019 - AMES, Iowa— Iowa Learning Farmswill host a webinar on Wednesday, March 20 at 12:00 p.m. about the role of livestock in sustainable agriculture.


C. Fields was an American comedian during the 1920's and 30's. An avowed atheist, the story is told when he was lying in a hospital bed shortly before his death; his good friend, actor Thomas Mitchell, visited him. When Mitchell entered Fields' room, he was shocked to find the irreligious Fields paging through a Bible. When asked why he was reading the Bible, Fields replied, "I'm looking for loopholes." From the beginning of time when God placed Adam and Eve in the garden, the will of the Lord has remained the same. Through the centuries as the plan of redemption was unfolded, the nature of the law changed until Christ came and cemented the salvation of man by His blood. One thing has remained constant throughout all the dealings of man and God: a choice to obey the word of God or be punished for disobedience. Adam and Eve could remain in the paradise of Eden as long as they chose to obey the word of the Lord. When they disobeyed His will, they were punished. The early world was destroyed by the flood because only eight souls chose to follow the plan of righteousness. Israel was a nation of holiness and contained in the Law of Moses was the often repeated blessings and cursing of obedience or disobedience. They eventually would choose to follow other gods and were punished for their disobedience.
There are no loopholes in the word of God. When men follow the commands of God they will be blessed beyond measure. If man refuses to follow the will of the Lord there will be consequences. The favorite tool of Satan is to convince man there will be no penalties to his actions. When the serpent came to Eve in the garden, the first thing he said was, "Has God indeed said?" Satan knew if he could get Eve to believe she had a choice to do as she desired he would have success. God's law is simplistic at its core. Follow my commandments, statutes and ordinances and you will be blessed. If you refuse to obey the will of the Lord, judgment awaits. There is no third choice. This did not change when Christ died on the cross. The law of God is a matter of choosing whether a person follows the whole law of God.
Many religious people follow the philosophy of W. C. Fields. They look for loopholes to allow them to call themselves followers of Christ yet mold their lives after their own will. God's law does not allow for manipulation of righteousness to fit the desires of men. He sets before all men a blessing and a curse. If we do the will of the Lord, we will be saved. If we do not obey the commandments of God, we will be lost. Simple. Direct. Eternal. It is all about choice.


text:
Q: Spark cached RDD is calculated n times I'm facing an issue with a Spark application. Here is a simplified version of my code :
def main(args: Array[String]) {
    // Initializing spark context
    val sc = new SparkContext()
    val nbExecutors = sc.getConf.getInt("spark.executor.instances", 3)
    System.setProperty("spark.sql.shuffle.partitions", nbExecutors.toString)

    // Getting files from TGZ archives
    val archivesRDD: RDD[(String,PortableDataStream)] = utils.getFilesFromHDFSDirectory("/my/dir/*.tar.gz") // This returns an RDD of tuples containing (filename, inpustream)
    val filesRDD: RDD[String] = archivesRDD.flatMap(tgzStream => {
        logger.debug("Getting files from archive : "+tgzStream._1)
        utils.getFilesFromTgzStream(tgzStream._2)
    })

    // We run the same process with 3 different "modes"
    val modes = Seq("mode1", "mode2", "mode3")

    // We cache the RDD before
    val nb = filesRDD.cache().count()
    logger.debug($nb + " files as input")

    modes.map(mode => {
        logger.debug("Processing files with mode : " + mode)
        myProcessor.process(mode, filesRDD)
    })

    filesRDD.unpersist() // I tried with or without this

    [...]
}

The generated logs are (for example with 3 archives as input) :

Getting files from archive : a
Getting files from archive : b
Getting files from archive : c
3 files as input
Processing files with mode : mode1
Getting files from archive : a
Getting files from archive : b
Getting files from archive : c
Processing files with mode : mode2
Getting files from archive : a
Getting files from archive : b
Getting files from archive : c
Processing files with mode : mode3
Getting files from archive : a
Getting files from archive : b
Getting files from archive : c

My Spark configuration :

*

*Version : 1.6.2

*Executors : 20 x 2CPU x 8Go RAM

*Yarn overhead memory per executor : 800Mo

*Driver : 1CPU x 8Go RAM

What i understand from these logs is that the files extraction is performed 4 times instread of one ! This obviously leads me to Heap Space issues and performance leaks...
Am I doing something wrong ?
EDIT : I also tried to use modes.foreach(...) instead of map but nothing changed...

A: Have you tried passing your modes.map result into a List constructor (i.e. List(modes.map{ /*...*/}))? Sometimes (I'm not sure when) Scala collections lazy-evaluate mappings, so if these aren't being evaluated until after spark removes the caches, it'll have to recalculate.

A: Okay, after A LOT of tests, I finally resolve this issue. In fact there was 2 problems:

*

*I underestimated the size of input data : Spark's cache or persist functions are unefficient if the RDD is too big to be stored completely in 60% of the total memory, I knew it but thought my input data wheren't so big but in fact my RDD was 80GB. But 60% of my memory (which is 160GB) is still more than 80GB, so what happened ? Answer in problem n°2...

*My partitons were too big : Somewhere in my code, the number of partitions of my RDD was set to 100, so i had 100 partitons of 1.6GB each. The problem is that my data is composed of strings of dozens of Megs each, so my partitions weren't full and 10GB of used memory were in fact containing only 7 or 8GB of real data.
To solve these problems, I had to use persist(StorageLevel.MEMORY_SER) which increases computation time but dramatically reduce memory use (according to this benchmark) AND set the partition number to 1000 (according to Spark documentation which recommends partitions of ~128MB)


text:
Dating atlantis
When does plato say atlantis was destroyed?
9,600 BCE
Specifically, Plato says that the events took place 9,000 years before the time of Solon. Who was Solon? Solon was the Athenian statesman who Plato's says brought the story of Atlantis back from his visit to Egypt in around 600 BCE, which is about 250 years before Plato even wrote his story down.
When doES STEL say atlantis was destroyed?
4,900 BCE +/- 250
Stel's theory proposes that the 9,000 years Plato talks about was calculated using an Ancient Egyptian king list, but the calendar year that total equates to is 4,900 BCE +/- 250, not 9,000 BCE.
This number was not chosen at random, but is based on the analysis of current Egyptian chronology data and Manetho's king list. Manetho was an Egyptian priest from the early 3rd century BCE. His king list is the closest we have to being contemporary with Plato.
How is that NEW DATE Possible?
Plato explains that Solon worked out his date by counting back the years generation by generation until he reached 9,000 years before his time.
The problem is Greeks didn't measure time by generations, they measured it by keeping a list of annual archon years, and other calendars. Archons were the governors or mayors of Athens who were appointed annually. (The word anarchy stems from this word and meant a year without an archon.)
Egyptians are the ones who measured time by generations through king lists. Therefore, either Solon or Plato (or Herodotus, but that's a whole other conversation), must have used an Egyptian king list to count the years. A king list would have looked just like an archon list but they have quirks that Solon and Plato would not have been aware of. In fact, even Egyptian priests may not have known about them.
wHAT ARE KING LISTS?
King lists are a list of all of the rulers of Egypt and the length of time they reigned. These are called regnal years. The most famous lists are carved into temple walls, but they tend to be incomplete and lack the lengths of the reigns.
The other lists were written on papyrus and gave the lengths of each reign. These lists were important because pharaohs noted on their monuments in what year of their reign certain events occurred, such as wars. By consulting a list, an Egyptian priest could calculate how far back in time a particular event took place and have a sense of Egyptian history.
What quirks do these lists have and how do we know?
First, Egyptian king lists such as Manetho's are missing one key piece of information; they don't mention when two people or even two dynasties ruled at the same time. So anyone reading the list could inadvertently double count years very easily.
Second, mistakes were made maintaining these lists over thousands of years, so reign lengths could change. Other times kings would simply lie about the length of their reign to inflate their importance, or kings would be completely omitted from a list for political reasons.
Archaeology is the reason we know about any of these quirks. Over the years, evidence has been collected proving reign lengths and parallel reigns.
ARE THERE REALLY ENOUGH DOUBLE COUNTED YEARS TO MAKE SUCH A HUGE CHANGE?
No. To simplify Stel's theory for TV, some very important details were left out.
First, all kinds of tools have been used by archaeologists to affix more accurate dates to to the lives of the pharaohs. From cataloguing pottery and ceramic assemblages, to dendrochronology, and Carbon 14 dating. As technology improves, and more evidence is collected, these dates continually shift by small increments.
Second, Egyptology has also settled into two camps when it comes to agreeing on the timing of Egyptian chronology. These are called High and Low. The Low chronology uses younger dates and is a more recent development. Stel 's theory relies on the more conservative High chronology.
When time allows Stel intends to recalculate his date based on the Low chronology.
Third, to complicate matters further, there are two parallel versions of Manetho's king list since the original is lost and all there is left to work with are bits from other ancient writers.
ABOUT STEL'S RESEARCH PAPER
"Dating Atlantis: How Manetho helps address the Critias 108e problem"
To be published in Archaeomythology later this year.
Visit www.archaeomythology.org for access.


text:
Opinion: Canadian mothers need a shift in the culture of maternity care
https://montrealgazette.com/opinion/columnists/opinion-canadian-mothers-need-a-shift-in-the-culture-of-maternity-care
A shockingly high number of women in Montreal report experiences of negligence, abuse, disrespect and coercion during and after giving birth.
SUPARNA CHOUDHURY, SPECIAL TO MONTREAL GAZETTE Updated: May 22, 2019
Perhaps no one is prepared for the unique mix of numbing exhaustion and intense emotions at the beginning of motherhood. We read about it and we are told about it, but it's not until we go through it that we understand how dramatic the changes can be to our bodies, emotions, identities, careers and families.
Now the latest science — neuroscience and epigenetics — teaches us that the foods we eat, the yoga we do, the calm we maintain and the conflict we avoid all give rise to happier, healthier babies and mothers. It tells us through the authority of brain scans and methylation patterns that our choices and environments shape our biology and mental health, and the brain development of our babies.
What happens, then, when in the most pivotal moment, women cease to have choices about their environment, and when their chosen place of birth does not offer the safety and security necessary for a positive experience? A shockingly high number of women in Montreal report experiences of negligence, abuse, disrespect and coercion during and after giving birth. For example, a 2009 report by the Public Health Agency of Canada found that after Nunavut, Quebec had the lowest reports of satisfaction with postpartum care, at 56.8 per cent. The implications are significant: increasing data on birth trauma is emerging and numerous studies report that maternal stress can induce permanent negative effects on the developing fetus and even impact subsequent generations via epigenetic programming.
Our encounters with new mothers in the community, as volunteers, doulas, researchers and health-care workers, reveal that far too many women in a country with an advanced medical system feel failed by the hospital that they entrust at one of the most important junctures of their lives. The number increases by several orders for women of colour.
We find women reporting that their requests during labour are too frequently ignored, their perceptions and sensations undermined. They are infantilized and handled roughly, and they lose their sense of agency when they feel it matters most. Postpartum, they describe feeling lost in the system, ignored by their obstetricians and misinformed. They begin their journeys of motherhood riddled with doubt, confusion, pain and frustration. Unfortunately, Quebec appears to be leading the way in medicalizing childbirth practices. For instance, it is the province with the highest rates of epidural administration (72.7 per cent) and episiotomy use (24.1 per cent) even though both the World Health Organization and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommend restricted use of this surgical incision. Again, vulnerable populations experience this in especially pronounced ways, as they may not be informed of their medical choices.
State-of-the art science advises women to make sensible choices that reduce health risks for the baby. But the responsibility should not simply lie with the individual mother; the medical establishment must examine its own role.
We need a serious debate about the accountability of hospital birthing centres. We need to look beyond Canada for models of care and regulation that ensure prevention and meaningful recourse after medical malpractice or mistreatment. Scientific research, with all its authority, might even begin to investigate the biological and mental health effects of the role of (in)justice for the mother and baby after birth. Mothers in Canada need a shift in the culture of maternity care: it doesn't take science to tell us that the dignity of a birthing woman leads to healthy outcomes; this dignity should be an end in itself.
Suparna Choudhury is an assistant professor, Division of Social & Transcultural Psychiatry, at McGill University. Millie Tresierra is a birth and postpartum doula, and maternal mental health advocate. This article is co-signed by Leonora Gangadeen-King, member of Tiger Lotus Coop for reproductive health and PhD candidate in maternal mental health, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University; and Courtney Kirkby, practitioner in women's health, Tiger Lotus Coop for reproductive health, Montreal.
The Well Kept Secret to Fertility
Who cares? The coronavirus forces us to rethink the value of care