I know it has been a full year since you last received a copy of The Burning Bush, and many of our readers may have been wondering just what we at the Center for the Working Poor have been doing. Well, I can assure you that it has not been a year of monastic retreat from the world or leisurely vacation (although at times that sounds appealing).
It has been my calling to experiment with Gandhian non-violence: activism that tries to move people through personal sacrifices like civil disobedience, going to jail, boycotts, or hunger strikes. In 2006, I was one of the key strategists who organized the "largest civil disobedience in Los Angeles history" to demand a living wage and immigrant rights for impoverished hotel workers. My focus in 2007 was to develop the board of directors for the Center for the Working Poor, and expand our food delivery program to workers who were fired for speaking up about abuses on their jobs. After the board met for a retreat at the start of 2008, a decision was made to focus on developing a nonviolent strategy in response to a dramatic increase in raids and deportations conducted by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). We felt compelled to take action to resist the inhumane raids like those in Van Nuys, CA, and Postville, IA, that tore parents from their children and left many immigrant communities paralyzed with fear.
After a year building partnerships with the many different immigrant rights organizations in Los Angeles and conducting numerous non-violence trainings, we were ready for action. On Oct 15th, together with prominent immigrant rights and religious leaders, over one hundred supporters gathered in the historic Placita Olvera of Los Angeles and announced to the press the launch of the "Fast for Our Future" campaign. Under the banner of the RISE Movement, we embarked on a hunger strike calling on over 1 million people to pledge to vote for immigrant rights during the '08 presidential election. The Placita would be our home for 22 days.
•	In total, more than 400 people fasted throughout the country and hundreds camped out in tents with us. One dozen completed the water only fast for the full 21 days matching Gandhi's longest fast.
•	Solidarity fasts sprung up in other cities, including Santa Cruz, CA; Las Vegas, NV; Cincinnati, OH; Lansing, MI; and Washington, DC.
•	The fast was covered in local, national, and even international Spanish- and English-language media ranging from Telemundo to CNN.
•	Tens of thousands of people signed the pledge to vote and take action to support immigration rights, which in no small way contributed to the record turnout among Latino, immigrant, and progressive voters.
•	Hundreds of people, including many politicians and community leaders like Dolores Huerta and Maria Elena Durazo visited la Placita and joined the fasters in solidarity. Others showed up to play music, dance and pay homage the hunger strikers at the encampment.
Beyond all else, I count as our biggest success the hundreds of students that fasted and camped out with us for this cause. Within the sacred space of the encampment, we assembled into a circle each night to share emotional testimonies of our experience, strength, and hope. I learned about the experiences of many students who came to the United States when they were just infants and now have no country they feel is their own—who now struggle to go to school, to keep a job or drive a car without fear of persecution. The tearful testimonies by the fasters about the horrors of deportation and raids made it clear why it is critical for people of conscience to take radical action to bring about immigration reform.
After 21 days of consuming nothing but water, the fast ended the morning after the election of Barak Obama as president. Our success in this campaign brings with it new challenges within the immigrant rights movement, as well as for the Center. We are now looking to use the energy and signatures gathered from the Fast to put pressure on president-elect Obama to deliver on his calls for change and truly reform our flawed immigration laws. Within the Burning Bush community, we are trying to recuperate and rebuild after a long year devoted to this cause.
This entry was posted in About the Center, Featured Articles in Sidebar, Immigration Rights, Spirituality & Centering Prayer. Bookmark the permalink.


On March 15, 2019, Double fish Sports National Distributor Congress 2019 was held in zhongxin Square, Guangzhou.
Fang Guiquan, chairman of Guangzhou Light Industry Group, Vice General Manager of Guangzhou Light Industry Group, Fu Yongguo, Chairman of Double fish Company, Ye Yiqiang, Vice Chairman and General Manager of Double fish Company, Li Hong, Vice Secretary of Party Committee of Double fish Company and nearly 50 distributors invited to attend the meeting jointly.
First of all, Vice Chairman Ye Yiqiang delivered a speech. He warmly welcomed the guests and thanked the distributors for their support to Double fish in 2018. 2018 is a year for Double fish to make progress.
Looking ahead to 2019, Mr. Ye hopes that Double fish will continue to work hand in hand with other distributors.
The second item of the meeting was to commend the outstanding distributors in 2018. Wu Huaqiang, deputy general manager of Double fish Sports, read out the list of the winners and invited the group leaders to present the awards.
At this new product ordering meeting, Double fish launched a number of bright products, from table tennis to the three major balls, from professional equipment to footwear, Double fish will integrate its unique design concept into the product. Among them, new products of Table Tennis include new Aone Rubber, The king of Double fish racket, Double fish Juniper serious racket , new professional table tennis shoes and clothing, as well as table tennis, table tennis and serve machine. .
Aone rubber is a kind of sticky rubber biased towards backhand. Excellent control performance and comprehensive price ratio are the biggest selling points of this rubber. In the pre-promotional activities of elite table tennis, it has set a record of 300 pcs sold in a single event.
The king of Double fish is the first professional backplane launched by Double fish brand after signing Liu Shiwen. According to its structure, this backplane can be divided into three models: built-in carbon (perfect handle), external carbon (strong attack) and two-sided heterogeneity (positive and negative balance). After Liu Shiwen and Guangdong team try to improve the racket, they will be put into the market.
Among the products of billiards,Double fish mainly optimizes and upgrades the best-selling models of billiards. Addition and price increase are the most vivid description of the products of the billiards.
Double fish training star DF-E8, DF-G8 as high-end service machine products, for the first time joined Liu Shiwen motion picture color LCD control box, function design more intelligent, strong sense of science and technology. The super second generation serve machine is a kind of super value serve machine for family use. Double fish pays more and more attention to the design idea of "bringing happiness into family". In addition, Double fish has also introduced new products of badminton and three major balls.
In the new fashion show segment, Double fish e-commerce team joined forces, wearing the new fashion show.
In the afternoon, Double fish arranged for participating distributors to visit the Pisces Conghua Production Base. The meeting was successfully concluded.


We are located at the junction of lands and cultures. We are a meeting place of different nations and cultures. We are the merging of thousands of years of history and folklore. We are a huge fan of colors and sounds. This year, at the New Gate, you will find ensembles and bands playing a new kind of Middle East and creating musical combinations that awake the imagination – classical Persian music with Hassidic tunes, Arabian scales with Indian sounds, Bedouin singing with Sufi dancing, the Yemen Diwan and the Galilee fold. This is the place to open your heart and let the imagination wake up, to let the body dance to the tunes of the new Middle East.


This page has been visited times since March 11, 1998.
Bart has programmed the Saint Louis RC flying field into the CSM simulator. It is now available to be downloaded from the simulator page.
We would like to collect members' reviews of the commonly-available flight simulators available for the PC (including the Tower Hobbies, CSM, Dave Brown and Ambrosia simulators). If you would like to send me comments about any of these simulators you have tried, I will put them all together and make a summary page to help other members planning to buy one of them.
If you have recently built a plane, from a trainer (especially a trainer!) to a jet, let others know what you thought of the kit. Click here to view the submission form. Either print the form a give it to a board member, or paste it into an e-mail and send it to one of the addresses at the bottom of this page. We will develop a listing of different airplane reviews. (Thanks to Bart for the form and the idea).
Are you on the Member Contact List?
We want to make contact information available for club members, together with the radio channels that they currently use. This will help you to find an "under-used" channel when buying a new radio To be added to this list, simply send me an e-mail or call me with the appropriate information.
This page is managed by Lenny Grosso and Alec Salt. Input from any club member is welcome and is actively encouraged.
You may also give feedback using the online form.


4k00:12The girl uses an iPad (Tablet Computer). Touching a screen by fingers.
4k00:08Loving parents are teaching son cute boy to ride bike in city park, child is cycling and his father is holding him helping to balance while mother is walking beside them.


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Posts By: PJG
Bells4StGeorge Dedication Ceremony, Ypres
Yesterday a delegation of trustees of the RSA Trust attended the dedication ceremony for the ring of eight bells cast for St George's Church, Ypres. The bells have been cast to commemorate the centenary of the Battle of Passchendaele (also known as the Third Battle of Ypres) in 1917. The church was built in 1927 and was designed to house a set of English bells, but none were installed. Alan Regin, David Smith and other bell ringers from around the UK raised £195,000 to cast and install the eight bells at the church to rectify this.
The bells were transported to Belguim on the backs of two preserved lorries manufactured in 1915, both of which saw service on the Western Front before being placed in the aisle of the church for their dedication ceremony. The fifth bell was cast with a dedication to "The Workers of the Royal Small Arms Factory" with an accompanying dedication in the book of remembrance,
"The RSA Trust are proud to be the custodians of the former Royal Small Arms factory in Enfield. This inscription is in recognition of the dedication of the factory workers whose efforts in manufacturing the Lee Enfield Rifle contributed so much to support the Allied troops. It is also in memory of the many workers who sacrificed their lives in the WW1 battles."
The RSA Trust is grateful for the efforts of Alan, David and their fellow bell ringers in seeing this important deed done and look forward to hearing the bells ring out in the autumn.
2017-09-01 by PJG filed under Latest News.
Bells4StGeorges: Bell Cast at Historic John Taylor Bell Foundry
In September 2016 The RSA Trust agreed to sponsor a dedication on one of a set of eight 'full circle' tuned church bells, destined for St. George's Anglican Church in Ypres, Belgium. The church was built as a memorial to the fallen British troops from the First World War battlefields in the 1920s. However a ring of bells was not installed at the time of construction. This is now being remedied by Alan Regin, David Smith and the rest of the Bells4StGeorges team who have raised £195,000 to cast and install the bells in time for the centenary of the Battle of Passchendaele.
On Thursday 1st June RSA Trustee Michael Polledri MBE and our Heritage Manager attended the John Taylor & Co Bell Foundry in Loughborough to witness the fifth and seventh bells being cast. The day included a visit to the Bell Foundry Museum as well as a tour of the forge and tuning shops. We are very grateful to David and Alan for their tireless work in not only arranging the casting of these memorial bells but Alan's work to research and tell the stories of all 1,077 bell ringers who fell in the First World War. Michael was also able to enjoy a recital by the group of bell ringers in the Foundry's own belfry.
The RSA Trust's dedication appears on the fifth bell and is dedicated to "The Workers of the Royal Small Arms Factory". The set of bells will be taken to Ypres at the end of august. The video and photos below give a flavour of the casting.
The forge at John Taylor & Co during a casting
wo of the completed bells awaiting their head stocks
A bell being tuned in the tuning shop
Trustee Michael Polledri MBE poses next to a medieval bell in the museum
Villa Scalabrini
Key Facts: Villa Scalabrini
Funded since: 2011
Total amount funded: £100,000
Our Relationship to Villa Scalabrini
We have a very close connection with Villa Scalabrini, having funded a series of projects at the nursing home in Shenley since 2011 that make resident's lives comfortable and improve the resilience of the home. Some of the projects undertaken thanks to grants from the RSA Trust include:
Developing a "dementia garden" and roof terrace for residents
Creating a sky ceiling for a theraputic room
Converting a barn into a function room to help the Villa raise funds for itself
2017-04-21 by PJG filed under Case Studies.
Children's International Voices Enfield
Key Facts: Children's International Voices Enfield
Total amount funded: £53,127
Our Relationship to Children's International Voices Enfield
Our trustees were blown away by the commitment of Drs. June & Christopher Keyte and the quality of their musical teaching to children and young adults of all abilities in Enfield. The choirs in a way had become a victim of their own success and the Keytes needed to expand their administration and appoint staff to manage the workload. The RSA Trust has since funded around £11,000 per annum to provide this much needed support.
Since the Trust started funding the choirs they have gone on to appoint a director of music and permanent administrator, ensuring their long term viability.
Edmonton Eagles
Key Facts: Edmonton Eagles
Our Relationship to Edmonton Eagles Amateur Boxing Club
Edmonton Eagles have been instrumental in turning large numbers of young men and boys away from crime through use of after school amateur boxing clubs. The club also works closely with enact who regularly run sessions for young people on Enfield Island Village.
The Club have been endorsed by the Metropolitan Police, local schools and national sporting associations. They have won the Queen's award for their activities in reducing crime and encouraging the take up of sport in Edmonton and elsewhere in Enfield.
They have also been extending the offer of the club to young people with disabilities and learning difficulties, improving the self esteem and physical health of these young people.
Nightingale Cancer Support
Key Facts: Nightingale Cancer Support
Our Relationship to Nightingale Cancer Support
Nightingale Cancer Support is a growing and well respected charity in North London, providing support to individuals suffering from cancer as well as their families and carers. Formed in 2002, the charity works closely with health and social care providers to give training, counselling and advocacy to those who need it.
Since 2011 we have funded a variety of programmes, including:
Setting up a charity Shop on Baker Street
Night care services
Advice and support services
Training courses and complementary therapies
Enterprise Enfield
Key Facts: Enterprise Enfield
Total amount funded: £1.43 million
Our Relationship to Enterprise Enfield
Our relationship with Enterprise Enfield goes back to before the RSA Island Centre (let alone the RSA Trust) was developed. Our founding four trustees were all Board members of Enterprise Enfield and tasked with bringing the Main Machine Shop of the Royal Small Arms Factory back into use.
Establishing a loan fund for start up businesses
Funding a newsletter
Starting up a women's networking club
Our flagship funding scheme, the RSA Trust Inspiring Women programme was established in 2008 and has seen cohorts of women from Enfield undergo an intensive six month programme of coaching and support to either help them return to the workplace or to found their own businesses. This scheme has been so successful that it has attracted the attention of the European Union which has provided funding to open up the scheme to participants from Haringey and Waltham Forest! We have funded around £845,000 since 2008. One of the programme's recent graduates went on to start a care agency and and now rents a unit at the RSA Island Centre, demonstrating the ethos of the RSA Trust perfectly.
We also provide £30,000 per annum for business counselling, open to all businesses in Enfield.
RSA Trust Continues To Inspire Women, Contribute to a War Memorial and Sponsor a Sky Ceiling
The RSA Trust are pleased to announce that we have renewed our grants to Enterprise Enfield for the Inspiring Women Programme, for a ninth year, as well as funding for general business counselling. In total the RSA Trust is donating £120,000 this year to Enterprise Enfield. You can find out more about our relationship with Enterprise Enfield here. To apply to take part in the Inspiring Women programme please get in touch directly with Enterprise Enfield.
Inspiring Women, 2009
RSA Trust Logo
This September the RSA Trust also agreed to fund a sky ceiling at Villa Scalabrini in Hertfordshire for £17,500 and to sponsor a memorial bell for St. George's Anglican Church in Ypres. The donation will allow the charity to add a dedication to the bell. The RSA Trust has chosen to dedicate the donation to the Workers of the Royal Small Arms Factory.
2016-10-06 by PJG filed under Latest News, Uncategorised.
London Open House 2016
We are pleased to report the annual opening of the RSA Interpretation Centre as part of London Open House received around 200 visitors on Saturday. An added attraction this year was the last minute inclusion of Film London's Kino Van, showing historic newsreel footage from around the Enfield area.
The directors would like to thank Ray Tuthill and his volunteers from the Royal Small Arms Factory Apprentices' Association for manning the Interpretation Centre as well as bringing the story of the Factory to life with their memories of working at the factory.
Key Facts: enact
The Youth Club at the RSA Island Centre
Young people's dance project, 2009
Young people taking part in the Thames Pageant
Our Relationship to enact
The Enfield Island Youth & Community Trust (EIYCT) was formed in 2003 to provide facilities for for 11-18 year olds on Enfield Island Village and the surrounding area. Today, operating under the name enact it provides activities and support for children and young adults between the ages of 0 through to 25. This has been the result of a powerful partnership between Oasis Enfield, the RSA Trust and other local community groups.
Our relationship with EIYCT goes back to before the RSA Trust was founded, when our commercial arm, RSA Island Village Ltd, granted £20,000 to help set up a youth club at the RSA Island Centre. Our chairman, Gary Walker, sat as a trustee of the charity (and continues to do so) along with other men and women with impeccable track records in delivering successful projects:
Representatives from London & Quadrant Housing Association
Local Ward Councillor Norman Ford (chairman, retired 2012, resigned EIYCT chair 2016)
A representative from the Enfield Island Village Trust
Representatives from the London Borough of Enfield's Youth Service
Oasis Enfield has provided youth workers for EIYCT since the charity was founded. In 2010 the club underwent major expansion with the appointment of a Children & Families Worker and the establishment of a group for 7-11 year olds: Kidz Club. In 2013 a third club was added to the mix, Club 6-8, for 11-13 year olds. Since then clubs for younger children have started, as well as family groups and gardening groups. This wider level of community participation has led to EIYCT rebranding itself as enact to take account of the proactive role it has in the community around Enfield Island Village and beyond.
Bootstrap UL
© The RSA Trust

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Q: Capistrano + thin + nginx with user not allowed to sudo howto? I have a scenario like this which I want to use capistrano to deploy my ruby on rails application:

*

*The web application is on a thin cluster with the config file stored under /etc/thin. also an init script is in /etc/init.d/thin, so it would start automatically whenever my server needs a reboot

*Also nginx is executed the same way (as an init script daemon)

*To make sure in case if somebody hacked my webserver I don't want them to do something too horrible, so the web user is not allowed to sudo.

*Thin and nginx both runs as the webuser to enforce such security

Now when I need to do the deployment, I would need the files to be installed under /home/webuser/railsapps/helloworld, and I need the cap script restart my thin afterwards. I want to keep all files owned by the webuser, so the cap script primary user is running as webuser. Now the problem arise when I want to restart the thin daemon because webuser can't sudo.
I am thinking if its possible to invoke two separate sessions- webuser for file deployment, and then a special sudoer to restart the daemon. Can anyone give me a sample script on this?

A: This might not be what you want, but you can actually do something like this in your sudoers file:
someuser ALL=NOPASSWD: /etc/init.d/apache2

that lets someuser run /etc/init.d/apache2
If you try to do something else:
$ sudo ls
[sudo] password for someuser:
Sorry, user someuser is not allowed to execute '/bin/ls' as root on ...

A: why not use sudo for the deployment routine and then chown -R on the RAILS_ROOT? You could tell Capistrano to change the ownership prior to aliasing the release as current.

A: An alternative to this would be running nginx as a normal user, say on port 8080 then using IPTables to redirect requests from port 80 to port 8080, from memory
iptables -A PREROUTING -t tcp -m tcp -p 80 -j DNAT --dport 8080
Will send all packets destined to port 80 to port 8080, which can be bound as a normal user.

A: If you are running Thin as the webuser then can the webuser not end the process?  You could restart Thin again without the daemon, so long as you pass the server everything in /etc/thin it should be fine.  The daemon, as far as I understand it, is just a convenient way to bypass having to manually launch a program at boot.
The only time you'll come unstuck is when you have to edit the contents of /etc/thin.  Assuming you're using aliases to your webuser's thin.yml bits, this will only happen when you want to add / remove a program.  When this happens, it might be worth just manually adding/deleting the alias.
This is all assuming the webuser can end the Thin process to start with.  I don't know otherwise.  Last time it was an issue for me was when I didn't have a way to run the app on my local machine because it's implementation was pretty much tied to the server's layout.  Every time I edited something, I had to send it to SVN, switch tabs in the terminal to an ssh shell, pull it from SVN, switch tabs to another ssh and restart the daemon and see whether or not i'd broken it.  It got me down, so I installed Thin locally, got the app to read config files, and now I only have to upload once every few days.

A: Just noticed you don't allow user to sudo :-) Well this answer will help others:
A little late the party but I've just done this:
namespace :deploy do
  desc "Start the Thin processes"
    task :start do
      run "cd #{current_path} && bundle exec sudo thin start -C /etc/thin/dankit.yml"
    end

    desc "Stop the Thin processes"
    task :stop do
      run "cd #{current_path} && bundle exec sudo thin stop -C /etc/thin/dankit.yml"
    end

    desc "Restart the Thin processes"
    task :restart do
      run "cd #{current_path} && bundle exec sudo thin restart -C /etc/thin/dankit.yml"
    end

end

Adding sudo to the bundle exec sudo thin start works.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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First Class: First Wave of AFSCME Free College Benefit Students to Graduate
Photo Credit: Flickr/The Leaf Project
States Step in to Protect Your Retirement Savings
A Routine Job Becomes a Job to Save a Life
By Pete Levine September 15, 2017 Your Benefits
Ivy Caselli, left, and Leslie Butler show off the diplomas they earned through the AFSCME Free College Benefit. Photo credit: Ravonna Lamons.
"The more you have on your table," says Ivy Caselli, a customer service assistant for Ohio's Department of Public Safety and a member of The Ohio Civil Service Employees Association (OCSEA), "the more you adapt."
Ivy knows what she's talking about. At 26 years old, with a newborn, a 3-year-old and a full-time job, Ivy decided to go back to college. She took advantage of AFSCME's Free College Benefit through OCSEA and enrolled in Eastern Gateway Community College.
Over the course of the next year, Caselli heaped on class after class – as many as five a semester – in a headlong rush to earn her associate degree in general education and realize a long-awaited dream.
"I started college when I was 18," Caselli recalls. She dropped out to care for her ailing mom. Eight years later, it was the memory of her mom, who has since died, and the pride she would have felt that rose up in Ivy when she received her diploma from Eastern Gateway this spring.
"Knowing my mom would have been proud of me was super important. Graduating from college may not seem like a big deal to some people, but it was a big deal to me," she says.
Debt-Free College Education, Thanks to AFSCME
The college dream was also a big deal to Caselli's colleague, Leslie Butler. Butler, who works alongside Caselli, was the one who told Caselli about the free college benefit.
"I recommended the free college program to Ivy because she mentioned that she wanted to go back to school but didn't want the debt. I suggested she try the free college program offered through the union and get her associate degree first and then follow up with her bachelor's degree," Butler says.
Butler, 39, also graduated last spring from Eastern Gateway with a degree in business administration. She also plans to earn her bachelor's and even her master's degree.
"I'm so glad that I made the choice to attend," Butler says. "It was a very easy and pleasant experience. The instructors did everything in their power to help you succeed in reaching your goal of graduation."
Butler and Caselli acknowledged the vital role their union played in making it all possible.
"It felt special because being a part of AFSCME means even more than having a voice on the job. Our union has the strength to negotiate benefits like free college education," says Butler. "Most jobs only offer tuition reimbursement, where you have to pay out of pocket first and then go through all to get reimbursed." But the support of their union was indispensable.
What is the AFSCME Free College Benefit?
It's a program exclusively for AFSCME members and their families to take classes online through Eastern Gateway Community College in Ohio. You can earn credits toward a two-year associate degree. It's free and flexible. The online format allows you to work from wherever and whenever. You can transfer your credits to four-year programs at most institutions. Visit freecollege.afscme.org to learn more and to apply.
Ideal for Working Adults
For Caselli, the program felt uniquely suited for working professionals.
"The professors really want you to be successful. It's designed for people with a lifestyle like mine," Caselli says, referring to her ability to juggle the online schoolwork with kids and a career. "The program is meant for adults."
Caselli and Butler are among the first wave of graduates of the Free College Benefit program. And if their success is any indication of the ever-widening set of skills AFSCME members bring to their jobs, our communities stand to benefit as much as AFSCME members themselves.
Hurry. The Deadline for the AFSCME Family Scholarship Is Fast Approaching.
Earn a Bachelor's Degree with New AFSCME Benefit
Meet the 2019 Winner of the Gerald W. McEntee Scholarship


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Joseph Ingraham est un navigateur explorateur et commerçant américain, né en 1762 à Boston, dans l'État du Massachusetts, et disparu en mer en 1800 dans l'océan Atlantique Nord.

À la suite de l'explorateur James Cook, qui avait réalisé de gros profits en vendant des fourrures achetées le long de la côte nord-ouest du continent américain pour les revendre en Chine, de nombreux navigateurs-explorateurs-marchands de la toute jeune fédération des États-Unis d'Amérique se lancèrent quelques années plus tard dans l'aventure. Joseph Ingraham était l'un d'eux.

Jeunesse
Né à Boston en 1762, Ingraham participe à la guerre d'indépendance américaine, dans la marine. Il y sert entre autres sous le commandement du capitaine John Kendrick. Il est capturé par le Royaume-Uni, et passe une partie de la guerre sur le navire prison Old Jersey.

Premier voyage : 1787-1790

En 1787, Kendrick lui propose de l'accompagner dans l'océan Pacifique nord, pour faire le commerce de fourrures entre le nord-ouest de l'Amérique et la Chine. Ingraham embarque sur le Columbia Rediviva, un navire de  et 212 tonneaux. Un autre bateau fait partie de l'expédition, le Lady Washington, un sloop de  et 90 tonneaux, commandé par le capitaine Robert Gray.

Les deux navires appareillent de Boston le , et doublent le cap Horn en mars. Entre-temps, aux îles du Cap-Vert, Ingraham devient le second du Columbia.

Le , il arrive dans la baie de Nootka, dans l'île de Vancouver. La saison étant déjà avancée, Kendrick décide d'y hiverner. Cela lui permet d'établir des relations avec le peuple amérindien vivant là, les Nootkas, et d'acheter des fourrures, surtout de loutres de mer.

Début juillet, Kendrick prend la décision de changer son bateau : Robert Gray devient ainsi le capitaine du Columbia, et toutes les fourrures récoltées sont stockées dans ce navire, plus gros, pour qu'il aille les vendre en Chine.

Ingraham étant resté sur le Columbia, il entame la traversée du Pacifique le . Ils font escale à Hawaï, où ils embarquent deux Polynésiens, dont l'un, Kalehua (également nommé Opie), est pris en charge par Joseph Ingraham.

Ils arrivent à Macao en , mais Gray préfère aller vendre les fourrures à Canton. Ingraham y fait la connaissance de Thomas Perkins, un autre négociant de Boston, qui s'apprête à retourner aux États-Unis. La vente se déroule lentement, et à un prix bien moins élevé qu'escompté. La Columbia charge ensuite du thé et de la porcelaine, puis reprend la mer le . Elle passe par le détroit de la Sonde, le cap de Bonne-Espérance, et atteint finalement Boston le , près de trois ans après son départ.

Ils y reçoivent un accueil enthousiaste de la population, car c'est le premier navire américain à effectuer une circumnavigation. Les commanditaires de l'expédition furent quant à eux beaucoup moins ravis, au vu du faible profit réalisé.

Second voyage : 1790-1793

À Boston, Joseph Ingraham retrouve Thomas Perkins, qui lui propose de repartir aussitôt pour le Pacifique et de continuer le commerce des peaux de loutres de mer. Mais cette fois, en tant que commandant du Hope (« l'Espoir »), une brigantine de 70 tonneaux.

Le , il quitte Boston, avec un équipage de quinze hommes seulement, y compris Kalehua, toujours présent auprès d'Ingraham. Comme lors de son premier voyage, il fait étape aux îles du Cap vert et aux Malouines, et franchit le cap Horn le .
Il prend un cap nord-ouest, passe les îles Desventuradas et se dirige vers Hawaï, où il a promis de ramener le Polynésien.

Le , il arrive dans l'archipel des Marquises, seulement visitées auparavant par l'Espagnol Álvaro de Mendaña en 1595, et l'Anglais James Cook en 1774. Il écrit avoir aperçu deux îles ce jour-là, sans doute Fatuiva et Moho Tani (ou peut-être était-ce l'îlot Motu Nao).

Le lendemain, il navigue entre Tahuata et Hiva Oa, qu'il connaît sous les noms donnés à l'époque par Mendaña, respectivement Santa Cristina et Dominica. Il reste ancré deux jours à Tahuata, dans la baie de Vaitahu, puis repart vers le nord.

Le , vers neuf degrés de latitude Sud, il est le premier occidental à découvrir les îles du groupe nord des Marquises : Ua Pou, Ua Huka, Nuku Hiva, Eiao et Hatutu. Il leur donne des noms tirés de la récente histoire des États-Unis, les nommant respectivement Adams, Washington, Federal (en l'honneur des états fédérés de l'Union), Henry Knox, et Hancock.

Il nomme également une autre île Franklin, probablement la côte nord de Nuku Hiva qu'il aurait pris à tort pour une nouvelle terre.

Ingraham quitte les Marquises le , et arrive à Hawaï le . Il y rencontre Kamehameha , futur roi unificateur de l'archipel, et y dépose Kalehua, qui termine ainsi une circumnavigation de moins de deux ans. Il met ensuite le cap vers le nord-est, pour rejoindre les lieux d'échange de fourrures. Le Hope nécessitant des réparations, il s'ancre dans une crique du détroit de Gowgaia, qu'il nomme détroit de Magee, d'après l'un des commanditaires de son expédition. La crique où il se trouve est appelée Port Perkins, en l'honneur de son commanditaire principal.

Il repart le , et commence à commercer avec les Amérindiens Haïdas des îles de la Reine-Charlotte et de l'île de Vancouver. Il a l'idée de fabriquer des colliers en fer, qu'il échange à son avantage contre des peaux de loutre de mer. Deux mois durant, il cabote ainsi le long de ce qui deviendra la côte ouest des États-Unis et du Canada. Il y croise d'autres navires se livrant au même commerce.

Le , il part pour la Chine, via Hawaï. Il atteint Macao le . Malheureusement pour lui et pour les autres commerçants occidentaux, à la suite d'un accord avec la tsarine Catherine II, l'empereur de Chine Qianlong a ordonné que l'importation de fourrures soit exclusivement réservée aux Russes. Ingraham tombe malade à Macao, mais heureusement, l'équipage du navire français le Solide, du capitaine Étienne Marchand, venu lui aussi faire le commerce des fourrures, comprend un chirurgien, Claude Roblet, qui le soigne. Avec difficultés, il finit par vendre ses peaux de loutres de mer à Canton, et reprend finalement la mer le .

Il retourne sur la côte nord-ouest des Amériques, mais cette fois la récolte n'est pas satisfaisante. Il croise George Vancouver, venu pour des pourparlers avec les Espagnols, qui convoitent aussi cette région. Le , il rencontre le Columbia, toujours commandé par Robert Gray, dans la baie de Neah, proche du Cap Flattery dans l'actuel État de Washington. Gray s'y trouve pour vendre aux Espagnols son petit sloop, lAdventure, commandé par Robert Haswell, qui avait eu Ingraham sous ses ordres précédemment. Le lendemain, le Hope accompagne le navire espagnol La Princesa à la baie de Nootka, pour y déposer le nouvel administrateur espagnol de cet avant-poste. Il croise également James Magee, un de ses commanditaires, capitaine du Margaret, un sister-ship du Hope. Ensemble, ils commercent encore un peu, mais décident finalement de retourner à Macao pour vendre leur nouvelle cargaison, via Hawaï et Taïwan. Puis Joseph Ingraham rentre à Boston, qu'il atteint en juillet 1793. Cette expédition se révèle être un échec commercial, mais Ingraham laisse des descriptions des peuples qu'il a rencontré, ainsi que de la flore et la faune locale et de nombreuses illustrations .

Fin de vie
Par la suite, il ne retournera plus faire le commerce de la fourrure dans le Pacifique nord, mais continuera à naviguer. Il participera à la quasi-guerre entre la France et les États-Unis en tant qu'officier de la Navy. La dernière mention faite de lui sur les registres du département de la Marine des États-Unis date du . Il est alors lieutenant. Le , il embarque sur le  au départ de New Castle, dans le Delaware. Mais à l'automne, le navire disparaît en mer.

Postérité
Ingraham Bay (la baie Ingraham) et Ingraham Point (le cap Ingraham) furent nommés en son honneur en Alaska.

Références

Bibliographie
 : source utilisée pour la rédaction de l'article

  Joseph Ingraham's journal of the brigantine Hope on a voyage to the northwest coast of North America, 1790-92

Liens externes

 Journal du chirurgien Roblet

Explorateur américain du XVIIIe siècle
Personnalité disparue au XVIIIe siècle
Explorateur de l'océan Pacifique
Naissance en 1762
Archipel des Marquises
Personnalité de la Continental Navy
Militaire américain de la quasi-guerre
Prisonnier de guerre américain de la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis
Décès en 1800
Décès en mer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: One-to-one relationship DB Model not working Background:
I have a project where users are able to upload files. In the database, I want to store the file path to the uploaded file.
There are 2 tables within the DB; a Users & FileUploadPath. These tables have a one-to-one relationship.
The Flask-SQLAlchemy model I have currently is:
import os
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:////{}'.format(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "test.db"))
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

class User(db.Model):

    __tablename__ = 'Users'

    userid = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    fname = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    lname = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    phonenum = db.Column(db.String(10), nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    validated = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False)

    child = db.relationship('FileUploadPath', uselist=False, backref='Users')

class FileUploadPath(db.Model):

    __tablename__ = 'FileUploadPath'

    fileUploadID = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    w9FilePath = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    gcFilePath = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    livescanFilePath = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    gcaFilePath = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)

    userID = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('Users.userid'))

To create a new user I use the following:
newuser = User(fname='Bob', lname='Smith', phonenum='6551234567', email='bobsmith@gmail.com', password='fe287943hfbwiqey281')

With this command I would expect to see a userID within the FileUploadPath table; currently seeing only the created user in the Users table, but NULL inside the userID column.
With a query I would also want to see all the uploaded file paths information related to a specific user.
Is the relationship between the model's setup correctly? If not, how would I go about declaring the relationship?
EDIT:
What I want to do is store the fileUploadID inside of the Users table.  A new row inside FileUploadPath table should be inserted for every new user that gets created. Because when I create a new user, all columns inside FileUploadPath table will be empty; since the new user has not uploaded any files yet.

A: The table relationships look ok, except that backref='Users' is an odd choice of name, as this will add a "Users" property to the FileUploadPath, which doesn't follow the naming convention of the rest of its properties. I would have expected this to be backref='user' instead.
Now, the main problem is that you haven't specified a FileUploadPath that newuser should be associated with, so it hasn't inserted any entry in FileUploadPath that references the ID of newuser. Or maybe you have inserted a new FileUploadPath that you intended to be linked to newuser, though you haven't shown that code in your example. In any case, it doesn't know which FileUploadPath to associate with which User, and it doesn't automatically create a new FileUploadPath for each User, and so when you only create a new User, or if you individually create new User and FileUploadPath but don't link them, you don't end up with a FileUploadPath associated with your new User.
So, what you need to do is to link a FileUploadPath to newuser either by adding a child=newFileUploadPath parameter (where newFileUploadPath is the already constructed FileUploadPath object) when you call the User constructor, or by individually constructing and adding the User and FileUploadPath objects, and setting newuser.child = newFileUploadPath, or newFileUploadPath.user = newuser. (Note that newFileUploadPath.user assumes my suggested backref='user' change.)
Edit: Here's an MVCE that shows how to add a file upload for a user. But the file upload does not exist when the user is initially created, which should be the expected behaviour. You definitely should not have an entry in FileUploadPath that contains all empty strings. Also, if you plan to allow up to 4 uploads per user, you need to make it a many-to-one relationship instead, by getting rid of that uselist=False and treating Users.child as a list, and maybe also renaming it to children or uploads.
(Note, this example uses plain SQLAlchemy rather than Flask-SQLAlchemy, so some parts of the Model definition and database setup may appear different to your implementation.)
import os
import sys
from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey, Integer, String, Boolean
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship, sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy import create_engine

Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'Users'

    userid = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    fname = Column(String(80), nullable=False)
    lname = Column(String(80), nullable=False)
    phonenum = Column(String(10), nullable=False)
    email = Column(String(60), nullable=False)
    password = Column(String(60), nullable=False)
    validated = Column(Boolean, default=False)

    child = relationship('FileUploadPath', uselist=False, backref='user')

class FileUploadPath(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'FileUploadPath'

    fileUploadID = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    w9FilePath = Column(String(60), nullable=False)
    gcFilePath = Column(String(60), nullable=False)
    livescanFilePath = Column(String(60), nullable=False)
    gcaFilePath = Column(String(60), nullable=False)

    userID = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('Users.userid'))

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///')
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
session_factory = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
session = session_factory()

# Insert a new user with no uploads:
newuser = User(fname='Bob', lname='Smith', phonenum='6551234567', email='bobsmith@gmail.com', password='fe287943hfbwiqey281')
session.add(newuser)
session.commit()

# Query for users and uploads:
print(session.query(FileUploadPath).count())
# 0

print(session.query(User).count())
# 1

print(session.query(User).one().child)
# None

# Insert an upload for the user:
newupload = FileUploadPath(w9FilePath='some_path', gcFilePath='another_path', livescanFilePath='yet_another_path', gcaFilePath='another_path_still', user=newuser)
session.add(newupload)
session.commit()

# Again, query for users and uploads:
print(session.query(FileUploadPath).count())
# 1

print(session.query(User).one().child)
# <FileUploadPath object>

print(session.query(User).one().child.w9FilePath)
# 'some_path'


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text:
Category Archives: Werner Selle's Analysis
Crossing the Rubicon: The Dangers of Martial Law
Posted on May 29, 2014 by Administrator
"…the ubiquitous M16 assault rifle, a humble enough weapon until you see it in the hands of a man outside your local bowling alley or 7-11. It will be noisy, it will be scary and it will not be ignored for a VFW parade" – General Deveraux (the Siege) in reference to declaring martial law in New York City.
The recent imposition of martial law in Thailand, Egypt and parts of Ukraine highlights the dangers and benefits of imposing martial law. The term "martial law" has an ominous ring to it, especially in those countries founded upon notions of individual rights and privileges. Martial law is defined not as law in the ordinary sense, but rather, the exercise of military authority, coupled with the temporary suspension of some or all of the functions of civil government. Normally, martial law is only instated in times of war; but during times of peace, when faced with domestic upheaval or natural disaster martial law is occasionally required to impose order. Often times, military rule is essential to re-impose order and defeat factions challenging state authority. However, martial law also has been utilized to gain political power or to repress legitimate opposition. Admittedly, much like Julius Caesar crossing the Rubicon in 49 BC, even with the best intentions, imposing martial law has severe ramifications.
Consequently, although martial law, is necessary tool for any regime, it should be utilized sparingly, as it can lead to many unforeseen consequences. These unforeseen consequences might include: decay in public opinion concerning the ruling regime and the military, increased possibility of military coups, infringement on individual rights, and continued utilization of the military in politics by various actors. Members of armed forces should also hesitate to become involved in instating martial law, since these consequences may be significant and long reaching, largely because martial law legitimizes the use of force. Therefore, if policy pitfalls are to be avoided, a careful examination of various instances of martial law should be done.
Figure 1 & 2: Canadian Troops in Quebec, on street searches and guarding infrastructure
The "Good" – October Crisis 1970.
In the fall of 1970, a radical Quebec separatist group, the Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ) kidnapped the British trade commissioner James Richard Cross from his Montreal residence. The FLQ had been involved in over 200 bombings in Quebec since 1963, with an agenda for achieving Quebec independence by any means. At first the government response was limited, with very public negotiations between the regime and the FLQ. However, the kidnapping and subsequent strangling of Quebec Minister of Labor, Pierre Laporte by a cell of the FLQ dramatically changed the nature of the crisis. Panic rippled through the public, and gave the impression that the regime was losing power. The young Premiere of Quebec, Pierre Trudeau, a lifelong champion of individual rights, turned to the national government for help. The national government responded by invoking the War Measures Act, and instituting martial law in the greater Montreal area. Troops were utilized to guard vulnerable points and important individuals as well as to support the role of civil authorities such as the police in their investigative efforts. The Canadian army and police conducted 3000 searches and detained 497 individuals within the first 24 hours. While Habeas Corpus (the individual's right that a judge confirms they have been legally detained) was suspended, and some accused were held for 21 days without legal counsel, the cell members responsible for Laporte's death were arrested and charged with first-degree murder.
While the regime faced criticism for the suspension of civil liberties, there was overwhelming contemporary support for the invocation of martial law, and the use of military forces. Premiere Trudeau, in an interview expressed his choice to impose martial law:
"I think the society must take every means at its disposal to defend itself against the emergence of a parallel power which defies the elected power in this country and I think that goes to any distance. So long as there is a power in here which is challenging the elected representative of the people I think that power must be stopped."
Assuredly, any suspension of civil liberties and the imposition of military rule on a civil population should be a last resort, but as the Canadian example demonstrates, having strict controls and overall civil authority with the military playing a subordinate role in martial law may lead to less misuse of the military and martial law.
Figures 3 & 4: Thai troops and Egyptian tanks imposing martial law.
The "Bad" – Thailand & Egypt
In sharp contrast, as recent events in Thailand and Egypt demonstrate, having the military play the role of final arbitrator on political issues, in conjunction with successive use of military force in suppressing political dissent and opposition will lead to more overt military intervention in political affairs. The fact that the Thai military plays a dominant role in the politics of Thailand is well known to the world. The coup of 1932 marked the point when the Thai military crossed into the political sector from which has never quite retreated. Additionally, in Egypt, the military and martial law have become tools for the consolidation and maintenance of political power. Consequently, it has become very difficult for citizens to either distinguish between the military just reasserting order or obtaining control over the reins of political power by establishing martial law.
The "Ugly" – New Orleans, 2005 & parts of Ukraine, 2014.
In 2005, Hurricane Katrina led to a breakdown of effective governance in New Orleans, Louisiana. While the term martial law does not exist in Louisiana's constitution, a form of emergency management akin to martial law was used to address the widespread violence and disorder. The primary forces tasked to restore order were the New Orleans police department and the Louisiana National Guard (LANG), with federal troops primarily deploying medical, search-and-rescue as well as other forms of relief. Those forces instating martial law faced significant opposition from citizens who were attempting to protect their private property through personal firearms. However, considering the rising rates of violence in the face of relief efforts, military and law enforcement forces had little choice but to infringe on the rights of individuals. The crisis highlighted the challenge of ensuring public safety and effective governance at the expense of the rights of individual bringing the issue into contemporary American political discourse.
In a similar way, the government of Ukraine faced a similar dilemma when instating martial law. In February 2014, as the pro-western movement gathered momentum, President Yanukovych granted increased powers akin to martial law to the army and police. However, the increased repression only emboldened the pro-western groups eventually leading to the ousting of the President. A few months later the temporary pro-western regime now faces a similar dilemma in combating the rising pro-Russian separatists in the eastern parts of the Ukraine. By declaring martial law, the pro-western regime in Kiev may alienate supporters or even embolden opponents as Yanukovych did. Nevertheless, with rising violence in certain regions, such as Luhansk Oblast, the regime might to impose instated martial law, or face a public backlash against ineffective governance.
In times of peace under martial law, a soldier, for the time being, becomes a glorified policeman, with powers greater than those of an ordinary peace officer, but ideally is still under civilian control. The soldier is tasked to restore order in the aid of the civil authority, which for the moment has been submerged either by natural forces or actors attempting overthrow the existing regime. A government establishing martial law should assure the public that such a step is necessary and temporary and that civil control over the military remains in effect. The military forces carrying out martial law when it is necessary, should behave with restraint and seek to restore full civilian control as quickly as possible.
If you have any questions or comments please contact Werner at wgs10@pitt.edu.
Posted in Werner Selle's Analysis
Russia and the Ukraine: Re-Emergence of the Fifth Column
This article is part of a recurring series by Werner Selle, a Masters of Public and International Affairs candidate at the Graduate School for Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh. If you have any questions or comments, feel free to contact him at WGS10@pitt.edu.
The Russian annexation of Crimea and Russian efforts to destabilize Ukraine, have some political pundits and scholars claiming that Russian President Vladimir Putin has discovered a novel new form of warfare and diplomacy, aptly named the "Putin Tactic." In February 2014, utilizing unmarked armed forces with support from local pro-Russian groups and other paramilitaries, Russia annexed Crimea. However, this tactic is neither novel nor unique to the Putin administration. Instead the term Fifth Column, credited to Emilio Mola y Vidal, a Nationalist General during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) is more appropriate. General Mola told journalists in 1936 that a fifth column of supporters inside Madrid would support and undermine the Republican government from within as his other four columns approached the city. A fifth column is therefore traditionally defined as the infiltration of government-backed subversives or sympathizers into the entire fabric of a nation, spreading disinformation and rumors as well as employing force undermining the effective rule of law and the strength of the state under attack. Yet neither this nor Putin's approach is new. It is important to consider, therefore, what lessons can be derived from both the previous and current use of fifth columns.
The Fifth Column strategy was utilized even in antiquity. In 431 BC, on a rainy spring night, some three hundred Thebans entered the Boetian Town of Platea, an ally of Athens. Through support of local pro-Theban Plateans, the gates of the city were opened and the Thebans were admitted. The Athenian historian Thucydides comments that this was commonplace for the next twenty seven years of the Peloponnesian War, with both oligarchic and democratic fifth columns inviting through subterfuge, either Athenian or Peloponnesian forces into their cities. In American history, fifth columns were active in both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War. An informative book by George Fort Milton, describes in detail not only the composition and tactics of the Confederate fifth columnists, but also the difficulties facing President Lincoln in combating fifth column elements.
During World War Two Fifth Columns were not only feared but became de facto scapegoats for military defeats. One headline even proclaimed that "German tourists with machine guns seized Luxembourg before German regular forces arrived." Admittedly, these fifth columns did play significant roles in certain German successes.
Figure 1: "Russian" Troops in Crimea Figure 2: "German" Troops in Sudetenland
The German seizure of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia in 1938 is similar to the Russian seizure of parts of Ukraine in 2014. Both Czechoslovakia and Ukraine had/have minority populations bordering an avaricious major power neighbor purporting to be a minority's protector or national homeland. Both Hitler and Putin claimed they were merely protecting their ethnic countrymen. Furthermore, both the Third Reich, and Putin's Russia not only expressed public support for local movements, but gave overt and covert support for these movements. Nevertheless, the tactical benefits of a fifth column are myriad. They undermine the efforts of an opponent prior to any hostilities or before actions commence. In the case of the Sudetenland, German Freikorps, armed self-defense forces would have undermined any efforts by the Czech government to resist. Similarly, in Crimea, well-armed pro-Russian groups significantly reduced the possibility of pro-Ukrainian forces from resisting the Russian takeover.
The infiltration of sponsored infiltrators or sympathizers into the entire fabric of a nation, spreading disinformation, rumors as well as employing force undermines the effective rule of law and the strength of the state under attack. From a military perspective fifth columns are able to subvert the enemy's defensive strategies, harass or cripple supply and communication lines. Yet, most significantly utilizing a fifth column, forces the enemy to confront or combat its own populace which can be not only detrimental to morale, but also might spur others to join the fifth column or alienate the military force. Furthermore, the utilization of a fifth column reduces the international exposure of utilizing one's own forces, while leaving the opponent with possibly embarrassing incidents of use of force against civilians.
Unfortunately, a Fifth Column strategy may have limited success depending on the strength of the fifth column and the extent of outside support. In the case of World War Two, the fascists groups in Britain, such as the British Union of Fascists led by Oswald Mosley, may have been significant contributors to German success during the Battle of Britain, but without German support and limited in size, it was quickly disbanded and its leaders interned. In sharp contrast, in Norway, Vidkun Quisling was able to seize power in a coup d'état with German support, and remain a German collaborator until the end of the war.
In conclusion, the "Putin Tactic" is neither novel nor unprecedented. This is not surprising; let us not forget that history often repeats itself, and that successful strategies no matter what guise they are in, are often reintroduced.


and federal partners as well. you have top cops here, top departments, great the detective bureau s, they're on it and trying to get the answers you and pete were just discussing. the biggest one is, is it the same guy. you posited that at the top. the biggest question is the spent cartridges at these three sce scenes. if they can match that up the answer is it's a center if it's the same weapon. if they know that, they can focus with the public that this is the guy we want, this is the gee on a spree. the second most important thing i'd be looking as a commander is that witness that's alive the female in bethesda shot in this shoulder and she had some discussion with the shooter, what were the questions he asked her 12346789 that would be critical to know his mindset. we know he's suicidal, from bel beltsville, anyway, that killed his estranged domestic partner because he said suicide by cop. he didn't commit suicide if it's him. he lived all night and showed it again. it has some ambivalence to it. they may want to do it but don't want to do it right now. what was he trying to do?


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Keri Lee Pierson
Voice, 2021
Keri Lee Pierson is a classically trained soprano & modern musician. She currently (starting Aug. 2021) lives in Bowling Green, Ohio, where she is working on her DMA in Vocal Performance under the tutelage of outstanding faculty & musicians. Planning interesting and audience involved events, with a lean towards contemporary chamber music is her primary focus. In 2021, Keri Lee was approved (contract pending) for a state grant from the FL Department of State to tour and educate around Northeast Florida. She remained an active performer during the Covid-19 pandemic, primarily performing virtually with her award winning voice & guitar duo, Deux Saisons. In December they collaborated with composers, artist Paul Vincenti, Hourglass Brewing & the Timucua Arts Foundation to put on a premiers event in Orlando called DUSK to DAWN. Her duo has also done two interactive performances titled Music & Meditation, and iPlay: An Audience Perspective on New Music. A few more of her unique performances have been hosting a music and wine pairing event, and a once in a lifetime opportunity in 2015 of singing with the Rolling Stones.
Previously, Keri Lee lived and performed in the beautiful Saint Augustine, Florida, where she was an Adjunct Instructor at Flagler College. She also taught young minds music reading skills and music history at Veritas Classical School, sang at Memorial Presbyterian Church as a staff musician and served as the Assistant Director of the St. Augustine Youth Chorus. She holds a Master's in Vocal Performance from the University of South Carolina, and a Bachelor's in Vocal performance from the University of Central Florida.
Keri Lee has studied voice with mezzo-soprano Rachel Calloway at South Carolina, tenor Dr. Jeremy Hunt at Central Florida and previous Miss America contestant Susan Ward before college. She has also worked with opera director Ellen Shlaefer, and choir directors Dr. Gary Wyatt, Dr. Alicia Walker, and Dr. David Brunner.
Keri Lee Pierson has presented events and concerts throughout the United States and in Europe. She has performed for the Romanza Festivale, Fresh Inc Festival, Groupmuse, the Cortona Sessions for New Music, Yo Me Quedo en Casa, Wired Music, the Brookfield Community Partnership in VT, the At Home Artists Project, various concerts & events at the University of South Carolina and the University of Central Florida, and at many different local venues and churches. Keri Lee played a Street Singer and had solos in Opera at USC's production of Leonard Bernstein's MASS in 2018. In 2015, she helped raise awareness and plan an open discussion at UCF with composer, Eric Whitacre. She also plays flute and piccolo.
Beyond her performing, Keri Lee has served her community as the Outreach & Fundraising Chair of the Saint Augustine Community Choir Board of Directors, and was the Communications Chair of the Jacksonville UCF Alumni Chapter.
Having band as a major part of her music history, Keri Lee is a brother of Kappa Kappa Psi and has held leadership positions in her home chapter Eta Sigma, as well as serving on a national committee. A previous member of the Marching Knights, she has also held band leadership positions. At UCF, she was part of the organization LEAD Scholars where she took service classes, attended leadership workshops, and conducted local service projects. Although an active performer, Keri Lee also has an interest in music cognition programs and musicology.


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10 Blockbuster Movies You Didn't Know Were Made in Wellington
Wellington movies that hit the big time.
Ok, so you all know a certain movie franchise that was filmed in New Zealand. But really? More movies were made in New Zealand?! Yes! Not only that, New Zealand's capital city, Wellington, is dubbed "Wellywood" because it is considered the movie-making capital of New Zealand. Yes, there are quite a few Wellington movies and some that may surprise you.
Wellington is home to a number of movie studios involved in some of today's biggest blockbusters: Weta, Stone Street Studios and Park Road Production being the most famous. There are even a few tourist experiences to learn more about Wellington's movie contributions, such as behind-the-scenes tours of Weta, as well as various film location tours. However, before you delve into the movie industry of New Zealand, you might want to know what are the Wellington movies made here!
1. The Avengers
Yes, the Marvel series that has broken all sorts of Box Office records time and time again was actually partly made in Wellington, New Zealand! Weta Digital, a Wellington-based animation studio, created many battle scenes in The Avengers, did the design and creation of Thanos in The Avengers: Infinity War, and more. Since Weta was involved in the first Avengers movie, they have been involved in some way throughout almost all the Marvel movies since then. See here for more information on visiting the Weta Workshop.
2. Avatar
The movie that made us "Wow" at mainstream 3D cinema for the first time! The digital animation was the work of Wellington's Weta Digital, taking us to the planet of Pandora with their incredible landscapes and fascinating indigenous people! (Remind you of somewhere). Learn more about the making of Avatar in our 5 New Zealand Features that Inspired Avatar.
3. King Kong
No, not the puppet King Kong from 1933, but the 2005 remake was the work of Wellington-based studios, Weta. This blockbuster about an oversized gorilla features Jack Black, Naomi Watts and Adrien Brody. New Zealander and Wellingtonian, Peter Jackson, directed the blockbuster.
4. Black sheep
Contrary to popular belief, this movie is not about the sheep of New Zealand. Although the comedy horror movie about killer sheep was a New Zealand-made movie, it's not really a reflection of the type of experience you'll have here. We promise. The creature effects were created by the team of Weta in Wellington and the movie was filmed in the wider Wellington region, such as the Wairarapa.
5. Without a paddle
Yep, that dumb yet hilarious movie starring Set Green, Mathew Lillard and Dax Shepherd getting stranded in the wilderness is basically an advertisement for New Zealand. Filming locations include Taupo, Waikato, Wanganui, Rotorua and, of course, Wellington!
6. The Lovely Bones
The supernatural drama, The Lovely Bones, was not only directed by, you guessed it, Peter Jackson, it was also partly filmed in Wellington's Wairarapa district. The movie follows the story of a young girl watching her family from the afterlife as they try to figure out what happened to her.
7. The Legend of Zorro
The 2005 adventure about the famous sword-wielding eye mask-wearing vigilante was directed by two New Zealanders, Lloyd Phillips and Martin Campbell. On top of that, the movie starring no other than Antonia Banderas was partly created at Wellington's Weta Workshop.
8. District 9
The 2009 science-fiction movie about aliens invading Earth was a co-production of New Zealand, the US and South Africa. Part of the blockbuster was created by Wellington's Park Road Production, a film production company also involved in the making of The Adventures of Tintin, The Hobbit and The Last Samurai. And guess what? Peter Jackson produced the movie too.
9. Pete's Dragon
The Disney blockbuster, Pete's Dragon, was mostly made in Wellington by a combination of Weta, Stone Street Studios and using New Zealand as it's prime filming location. As well as the live-action CGI action-adventure film being shot in the Bay of Plenty and Canterbury, there were plenty of Wellington filming locations too.
10. The Frighteners
The 1996 flick starring Michael J Fox was entirely shot in New Zealand. Most of the scenes in this classic horror-comedy were filmed in Wellington. It was one of the earliest hits of Peter Jackson and his wife, Frank Bannister.
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Q: Scala loops with multiple conditions - what gets returned? I'm going through scala for the impatient and came across an example of the multi condition loops that I can't seem to understand.
Coming from Java background I'm looking at these loops as nested for loops. But why does the first return a collection and second a String?
scala> for (i <- 0 to 1; c <- "Hello") yield (i + c).toChar
res11: scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char] = Vector(H, e, l, l, o, I, f, m, m, p)

scala> for (c <- "Hello"; i <- 0 to 1) yield (i + c).toChar
res12: String = HIeflmlmop

A: for comprehensions are just syntax sugar and are translated into invocations of map, flatMap, withFilter (also foreach if you don't use yield).
for {
  i <- 0 to 1
  c <- "Hello"
} yield (i + c).toChar

is equivalent to
(0 to 1).flatMap(i => "Hello".map(c => (i + c).toChar))

These transformers are defined in a way that they return the same type of collection they were called on, or the closest one, for example here Range becomes a Vector in the end as you can't have Range that contains arbitrary characters. Starting from String you still can have String back.
In general you can think of it like this: result type created by for comprehension will be same as the type of the first generator (or closest possible).
For example if you convert string into a Set
for {
  c <- "Hello".toSet[Char]
  i <- 0 to 1
} yield (i + c).toChar

you will get a Set back, and because it is a set it will not contain duplicates so the result is different. Set(e, f, m, I, l, p, H, o)
The way how type is determined involves the CanBuildFrom trait. You can read more about how it works here

A: Use scala 2.11.8 repl for desugar (press tab after print, remove<pressed TAB here>):
scala> for (i <- 0 to 1; c <- "Hello") yield (i + c).toChar //print<pressed TAB here>

scala.Predef.intWrapper(0).to(1).flatMap[Char, scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char]](((i: Int) =>
    scala.Predef.augmentString(scala.Predef.augmentString("Hello").
        map[Char, String](((c: Char) => i.+(c).toChar))(scala.Predef.StringCanBuildFrom))))(scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq.canBuildFrom[Char]) // : scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char]

scala> for (i <- 0 to 1; c <- "Hello") yield (i + c).toChar //print
res4: scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char] = Vector(H, e, l, l, o, I, f, m, m, p)

scala> for (c <- "Hello"; i <- 0 to 1) yield (i + c).toChar //print<pressed TAB here>

scala.Predef.augmentString("Hello").flatMap[Char, String](((c: Char) => scala.Predef.intWrapper(0).to(1).
        map[Char, scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char]](((i: Int) => i.+(c).toChar))(scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq.canBuildFrom[Char])))(scala.Predef.StringCanBuildFrom) // : String

scala> for (c <- "Hello"; i <- 0 to 1) yield (i + c).toChar //print
res5: String = HIeflmlmop

More readable output:
scala> (0 to 1).flatMap(i => "Hello".map(c => (i+c).toChar))
res14: scala.collection.immutable.IndexedSeq[Char] = Vector(H, e, l, l, o, I, f, m, m, p)

scala> "Hello".flatMap(c => (0 to 1).map(i => (i + c).toChar))
res15: String = HIeflmlmop


text:
Home » Travel » Coronavirus 'ghost flights' to end under temporary new rules
Coronavirus 'ghost flights' to end under temporary new rules
New rules introduced by the European Commission in response to coronavirus means airlines will no longer have to operate "almost empty" flights.
At the moment, airlines have to operate at least 80 per cent of scheduled flights or risk losing their airport slots to competitors.
But due to the impact of Covid-19, airlines have seen demand plummeting.
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While they are able to cancel some routes, some carriers have been forced to fly near empty planes, known as "ghost flights" just to meet the requirements to keep their airport slots.
In a press conference, European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen announced on 10 March that these rules will be temporarily relaxed to help the aviation industry cope with the impact of coronavirus.
She said: "The coronavirus outbreak has a major impact on the European and international aviation industry. We see that the situation is deteriorating on a daily basis and traffic is expected to decline further.
"This is why the commission is putting forward very rapidly legislation regarding the so called airport slots.
"We want to make it easier for airlines to keep their airport slot even if they do not operate flights in those slots because of the decline in traffic."
Ms von der Leyen added that it will be a temporary legislation that will help the industry as well as the environment.
It's hoped that the relaxing of the new rules will mean the end of the ghost flights.
Coronavirus is continuing its spread across Europe and the rest of the world.
Italy has declared that the entire country is on lockdown, with flights to the country from the UK now cancelled by many airlines.
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text:
Q: Delete records in ActiveRecord_Relation when duplicate rails I have ActiveRecord_Relation

I want result

help me!!!
Thanks so much

A: (1) You can use Ruby's uniq to remove the duplicate records from your relation
(2) If you don't want duplicate data in database, use a unique constraint
(3) If you want a faster solution than (1), look into "SELECT DISTINCT by column"
Hope this helps.

A: You can use
validates_uniqueness_of

default validation of ruby model and restrict from saving duplicate data.
This validation apply on More than 1 column
Answer
validates_uniqueness_of :id, :template, uniqueness: true, scope: [:template,:id]

Even you don't need to Add custom messages for that, ruby and rails give it automatically when the validation is fired.
Click Here for more inforamtion


text:
Ford's EV Will Roll Into 20 Cities At First
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Author: Chuck SquatrigliaChuck Squatriglia
Ford's been quietly but diligently working on an electric car we'll see late next year, and today it announced that the car will be available in more than a dozen markets nationwide.
The automaker said it will introduce the Ford Focus Electric in 20 cities to start, then ramp up production and availability as public charging infrastructure comes online. It is the same strategy General Motors and Nissan are adopting with the Chevrolet Volt and Nissan Leaf, both of which we'll see next month.
"This is the first step in rolling out the Focus Electric. As the country continues to build up its electric vehicle infrastructure and demand for the Focus Electric grows, Ford will continue to evaluate additional markets and consider making this vehicle available in more cities across the country," Mark Fields, Ford's president of the Americas, said in a statement.
The first markets selected for Ford Focus Electric are pretty much what you'd expect.
The car will appear first in Atlanta, Austin and Houston, Texas; Boston, Chicago, Denver, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, New York, Orlando, Florida; Phoenix and Tucson, Arizona.; Portland, Oregon; Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina; Richmond, Virginia, Seattle, and Washington, D.C.
Ford said it selected the markets based upon several factors, including current hybrid purchase trends, utility company collaboration and local government commitment to electrification.
Those last two points are important. Under its collaboration with dealers, utilities and local governments, Ford will help develop consumer outreach and education programs and share information on charging needs and requirements to ensure the grid is up to the task of charging the cars.
"Making electric vehicles a viable option for consumers requires teamwork across a variety of industries and government entities," said Mike Tinskey, global manager of electric vehicle infrastructure, said in a statement. "Working with utilities, governments and technology companies is a key part of our electric strategy to make sure the infrastructure and support for electric vehicles is in place as we begin rolling them out."
As for the car, the Focus Electric shares the same platform as the Focus sedan. Ford says using an existing platform will allow it to easily adapt production to meet demand. It also cuts down on development time and expense. The car will use a 23 kilowatt-hour lithium ion battery with liquid heating and cooling. Ford's aiming for a range of 100 miles.
Photo: Jim Merithew / Wired.com
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