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S4M-00448 Rural Connectivity
The Presiding Officer (Tricia Marwick): The next item of business is a debate on motion S4M-00448, in the name of Richard Lochhead, on rural connectivity. I will give members a few moments to swap places. As the debate is undersubscribed, the Presiding Officers will be slightly more generous in allocating time. If members want to take interventions, we will do our best to ensure that they are not disadvantaged by that.
The Minister for Environment and Climate Change (Stewart Stevenson):
It is a delight to speak on a subject that kept me in gainful employment for many years and finally deposited me here. Despite a powerful and impressive speech from Alex Fergusson, I intend to support the motion in the cabinet secretary's name. I assure colleagues that, having looked carefully at the amendments, we are prepared to support them. We have slight reservations about some of the wording in the Labour one, but let us not get diverted into a discussion about bits of the debate. Incidentally, in my intervention on Elaine Murray, I made the distinction between bytes and bits, so, before I move to more substantive matters, I will expand members' knowledge by saying that, in the trade, half a byte—which is four bits clustered together—is referred to as a nibble. There we are.
The debate has been useful. The cabinet secretary and I and our colleagues will be tramping many distant corners of Scotland, hoping for good weather and for adequate mobile phone signals and the ability to communicate with our officials using broadband, whether wireless or fixed. I am sure that members of other parties and members of our party who are not in the Government will be doing something similar.
Like the cabinet secretary, I welcome John McClelland's review of public sector ICT. The debate is about delivering a wide range of benefits to rural Scotland by having the right communications in place. It is clear from the debate that those benefits are not simply economic. We need to equip our communities and the people and businesses in them with the appropriate technologies, if only to level the playing field. That will create an opportunity to avoid further disadvantage, and it will create advantage. Improving rural communications is very much central to our purpose.
I want to say a few words about history generally and the role of communications in it. Eight thousand years ago, the human race was in essence a herdsman culture. At that time, in Sumeria—there are debates about where and when it happened, but I adhere to the view that it was in Sumeria—the settled culture that is the basis of our culture today first appeared. From that point, communication became important because, as people did not travel around, they needed to send messages to other communities to communicate with them.
The world started to change. We had the invention of money, which involved the tying of knots on string when people put grain into grain stores. Many things that we have today started then. In the city of Jerash in the middle east, one can find the cart tracks that are still there in the main street from 2,000 years ago. Transport, which was one of the first instruments of connectivity, became important. As I mentioned last week, the Romans created an empire that endured for between 400 and 500 years, partly because they created a system of hilltop signalling that enabled messages to go from a corner of the European empire back to headquarters in Rome in about six hours. Communication was important, too, for Scotland. The reformation and the introduction of the Bible printed in English drove communication and education in Scotland.
An awful lot has happened in a relatively short space of time. When I was involved, at 11 am on 25 January 1985, in the launch of the first universal access home banking system to allow people to look at their bank accounts, the speed at which that system worked, delivering huge value to people, was 1,200 bits per second down to the customer and 75 bits per second from the customer up to the bank.
Alex Johnstone: The minister has raised a subject that I believe continues to be a problem with broadband provision to this day. The upload speeds that are generally provided are as little as 5 per cent of the available download speeds—can he tell me why? He obviously has greater knowledge of that. Is it simply a historical anomaly, or is there a technical reason? We are finding that there are many more reasons why higher upload speeds would be of value as we develop the broadband system.
Stewart Stevenson: The member is absolutely correct, although I will try not to be overly tempted by the question. A range of technologies could have been chosen when we developed broadband, but the technology that is used is called asymmetric digital subscriber line—ADSL. It was felt that the pressing need was to get data out to people. However, the reality is that, in rural areas in particular, we need good speeds back to the centre because businesses are serving other customers through that relatively slow connection. As we move to fibre, there will be opportunities to work with different technologies—essentially, symmetric technologies—that will provide an answer to the problem for those who use ADSL on copper. I do not know whether anybody else in the chamber understands that, but I hope that Alex Johnstone does.
Even with regard to telephones, the world has changed enormously. In 1958, when my father made the first transatlantic call from our house—it was on business: one of his patients was very ill and he had to communicate with her husband, who was in the United States—it had to be booked a day in advance. It was to last precisely three minutes—he could not get any longer—and it cost three guineas, which was approximately one third of the average weekly wage. Now, people can use a mobile phone and for 6p can call the States on demand. A lot has happened in a short space of time and a lot more will happen.
Many interesting technologies have been developed in local situations. In the Swiss Alps, yodelling was a way of communicating using the human voice. Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated the telephone in 1876. The Bank of Scotland installed its first telephone only five years later, in 1881, when there were already 300 subscribers in the Edinburgh telephone directory. Mind you, when the bank installed its telephone, the board required that the telephone not be used to conduct business.
The Deputy Presiding Officer: Minister, I must stop you for a moment. I ask that members who are coming into the chamber do so quietly, please. If you want to have conversations, I would be grateful if you would have them outside the chamber. Thank you.
Stewart Stevenson: The first electronic digital communication between Edinburgh and London was installed in 1868. It was a telegraph, and the telegraph is what opened up the west of the United States and made it the prosperous area that it now is. Those are just some of the many historical examples of how communications have helped.
Elaine Murray said that 3G coverage in Scotland is patchy, especially in rural areas. Where I live, I pray for 2G coverage—3G coverage is a distant hope. The map of my constituency has two tiny blue dots on it, which indicate where 3G touches. Frankly, for most of Scotland we could hold up a blank sheet of paper with a few wee blue bits on it representing 3G coverage. That is why it is important that, when we go to 4G coverage, we take a different approach. Whatever Government does it, we will be creating huge commercial opportunities for the operators of 4G networks, just as we did for the operators of 2G and 3G networks. In exchange for giving access to those huge commercial opportunities, we should place different conditions on the operators. One that might suit Scotland well is the condition that 4G phones should, at no additional cost, roam between different companies' masts. Why should they not? It would not cost the companies much to ensure that and it would reduce the number of masts that there would need to be—reducing the costs to the companies responsible for the 4G networks—as well as delivering a better solution for Scotland. That would probably not be of great interest in densely populated areas, though. Those are some examples of what we can do.
We have moved on from the election that I fought in 1987, when I had to carry tuppences in my pocket and know where every telephone box in the constituency was. In 1992, we had the first generation of analogue mobile phones, and in 1997, we had the first digital phones. Every time there is an election, things have moved on, and things move on very fast.
Sarah Boyack: Where does the minister think we will get to by 2015?
Stewart Stevenson: The answer depends partly on how our relationship with the UK Government develops. We will work with it closely and proactively—we will not be passive—and consider the achievements of countries such as Finland, which Rhoda Grant mentioned. We have ambition, but we will work with other people to ensure that things happen.
Rhoda Grant noted that Highland Council had put in a fibre network but that it was difficult to access it for other purposes. We need to ensure that standards are in place for the exploitation of private networks—even when they are licensed—to create the technological solutions to allow other people to access the available services.
Paul Wheelhouse discussed the difficulties in the Borders, which a number of members have described. The Government's major investment in the development of the Borders railway will help one aspect of communication in that rural area, but electronic communications make a real difference.
For small businesses that deliver goods to market via carriers, we must look at getting the carriers to pick up in rural areas, as we have had significant difficulty in getting them to drop down. Paul Wheelhouse referred to business parks as a potential source of connectivity for many businesses and for people who work in rural areas, and I am sure that that is the case.
George Adam spoke about Sandra Webster's two autistic sons and about social integration, and there is something very important in that. It is a fact that people in rural areas are more isolated but, increasingly, the existence of communication technologies can shrink that distance. As families have moved all over the world, communication has become an important part of keeping them together, and it is the same as families move throughout Scotland, so George Adam is right to highlight that.
Jim Hume and other members talked about telehealth. It is difficult on a snowy night to get a doctor, a nurse or a midwife to a particular location, but if a video camera can be used via Skype or other services to help or provide advice to someone, that is a real life saver. It is important that we focus on that as one of the many benefits that we can deliver.
Rob Gibson mentioned that, although there are more than 1,000 BT exchanges in Scotland, some people are paying for 8 megabits per second and getting only half a megabit per second.
The Presiding Officer (Tricia Marwick): I ask the minister to begin to wind up now.
Stewart Stevenson: Rob Gibson is correct to say that there is huge variability in speed, and that we need transparency in what is paid for and what is delivered. That is very important indeed.
Joan McAlpine reminded us that it was only in 1985 that Vodafone permitted the first mobile call. Things are going to move fast, and we must ensure that we support the potential of the outward-looking and dynamic communities that exist in rural Scotland. Our farmers, our fishermen and all the people who live in the country contribute to world-famous industries such as our food and drink industry, and the potential of our wave and wind power is vast.
However, there is more potential in rural Scotland that can be realised through the delivery of effective digital communications. It is this Government's ambition and determination that we will do that, by working with the UK Government and private companies, but most of all by working with those who live and work in our rural areas.
Subject Debate: Taking Scotland Forward: Rural Affairs and the Environment
The Presiding Officer (Tricia Marwick): The next item of business is a debate on taking Scotland forward: rural affairs and the environment.
The Minister for Environment and Climate Change (Stewart Stevenson): Let me start by both congratulating those who made their maiden speeches today, excellent as they were, and thanking members for the few kind words that have been sent in my direction. I dare say that there are few enough such opportunities for me to hear kind words, so I will bask in the reflected glory for at least five minutes.
The Scottish Government has as its central purpose supporting sustainable economic growth, and we have a strong mandate to pursue that over five years. We wish to see rural areas empowered to support their communities and to contribute to a better Scotland, and I think that that captures the sense of the debate that we have had today. We will continue to work with the Parliament, listening to ideas from wherever they come and seeking to build consensus for all that we do. The early meetings that both the Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs and the Environment and I have had with our opposite numbers in other political parties speak to the reality of what we are doing.
Mike MacKenzie, in a particularly powerful contribution, invited us all round to his place for a wee refreshment. We will be round at the weekend, Mike, don't you worry. In his short speech he referred to the economic powerhouse that rural areas can be. That captured an important point.
We spent a fair bit of time talking about the Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009, which was par excellence an example of the Parliament working together to common purpose to deliver something that is truly world leading. We will listen to all the voices in the Parliament, as we did as we worked through the 457 amendments, which were in some cases amendments to amendments, to the Climate Change (Scotland) Bill.
The legacy paper that the previous Rural Affairs and Environment Committee left for the new committee makes an important point. It states at paragraph 52 that we should avoid
"focussing too narrowly on the 'three Fs' of farming, food, and fishing."
Those are all important, of course, but at the core of the matter is what life in a rural setting is like and what contributes to enhancing that. It is not simply food, farming and fishing. It is a much wider agenda altogether.
I am afraid that I will be unable in the available time to deal with every point that came up in the debate. Clearly, we will return to many of them in committee. However, I will try to deal with some of them.
Sarah Boyack talked about public food procurement, which is worth about £130 million in the public sector. We have supported small and medium-sized enterprises in particular to make it easier for them to bid for contracts. We absolutely agree that local businesses should work with the local public sector. It is important that that happens. In particular, through the climate challenge fund, we have provided £2.5 million to 39 organisations to support local food and grow-your-own projects. Indeed, I visited one such project at Letham in Fife, where I received a basket of the most wonderful vegetables—my wife almost wanted me to drive back to the south of Scotland to bring some more home. I therefore declare an interest in good-quality local food and its consumption, not just personally but across the board.
We certainly want to connect rural Scotland to everywhere. One reason why, 2000 years ago, the Roman empire was more successful than the Greek one was that the Romans had good communications. In fact, they could send messages from Londinium to Roma in six hours by a system of hilltop signalling. That underpinned 400 years of success for the Romans. Today, high-speed broadband will be equally important in the success of Scottish rural businesses.
Sarah Boyack referred to flooding. We have spent some six times what the previous Administration did on flooding interventions, so I think that our record is worth looking at. The member also referred to allotments. I am delighted that I was able in my previous ministerial role to visit at least two allotment sites that we supported—in Huntly and Crieff. Electric vehicles were mentioned, too. We have been part of a successful Scottish consortium to secure £30 million for the plugged-in places initiative sponsored by the UK Government. A great deal is happening indeed.
I welcome back Alex Fergusson. In the committee this morning, I nearly referred to him as Presiding Officer, so familiar a face has he been in that position of authority. We will now treat him as an equal and, when he speaks on farming, we will listen carefully to what he has to say. There is considerable sympathy for his view that form filling is an area in which we should continue to revise and improve—it is important that that happens.
As Alex Fergusson heard in the committee this morning, the long-run picture on the area of Scotland that is afforested is unlikely to be changing much. We wish to increase the size of the area, but we see year-on-year fluctuations because some years are more intensive for harvesting than planting while others are the other way round.
While I remember, it is worth reminding members that it is our target to have broadband all over Scotland by 2020.
David Torrance, in his maiden speech, talked about local food. With great pleasure, I visited the Food Train in Dumfries in my previous role. That is very important indeed.
Helen Eadie touched on the supergrid and the smart grid technologies. They are very important, particularly the smart grid. I was talking at the environment council yesterday to several other European environment ministers about work that is happening on smart grid. We need standards, because the smart grid can deliver right down to individual consumer devices. For example, it could protect heart and lung machines or dialysis machines installed in domestic houses, so that, if there is a power shortage, the deep freeze would be switched off for a few hours but the dialysis machine would not. A lot of work is going on, and we are pleased that the European Union made its first visit on the subsea grid to Scotland, recognising the importance of Scotland in the provision of renewable energy.
Mark McDonald focused on services in rural areas and talked about the Udny community wind turbines. It is important that anyone, including any community, wishing to establish developments such as wind turbines engages with the communities that will be affected by their presence, gets consent and momentum in favour and does not take consent for granted. I am afraid to say that there have been one or two examples when that has not been done.
Food and drink are vital, as is a fair deal for producers. Mark McDonald talked about exports and mentioned Dean's of Huntly. If I was looking at my constituency, I would of course prefer to talk about BrewDog, which now has a successful export industry.
Many members touched on the report on proposals and policies. We will report on progress on implementing that in the not-too-distant future.
There were a few comments on housing. In 2009, the median house price was £160,000 in remote and rural areas, £173,000 in accessible rural areas and £128,000 in the rest of Scotland. That shows the attractiveness of rural areas for housing—people want to move there.
I have barely scratched the surface of what was covered in the debate. Rural affairs and the environment are a wide-ranging Government portfolio, and the speeches from across the chamber, all of which were worth listening to, reflected that. I will deal quickly with three issues.
The Presiding Officer (Tricia Marwick): Minister, you must wind up.
Stewart Stevenson: We will support communities that want to control their future, we will promote food and drink and we will drive down emissions. That is how we will take Scotland forward, leaving a greener Scotland than the one that we have borrowed from our children and grandchildren.
S4M-00102 Wild Animals in Circuses (Ban)
The Deputy Presiding Officer (Elaine Smith): The final item of business is a members' business debate on motion S4M-00102, in the name of Elaine Murray, on a ban on the use of wild animals in circuses. The debate will be concluded without any question being put.
That the Parliament notes the decision by the UK Government not to introduce a ban on the use of wild animals in travelling circuses; notes that in the recent past a travelling circus visiting locations including Dumfries included an elephant as one of its attractions; believes that there is sufficient evidence to support the view that life in a travelling circus does not allow for acceptable standards of welfare and quality of life for wild animals; notes the work done by animal rights activists and third sector organisations to argue for such a ban, and considers that action in this area is needed to prevent suffering to animals.
I join other members in congratulating Elaine Murray on securing this debate.
It is clear that the views that have been expressed almost unanimously across the chamber are passionate and driven by a clear desire to improve the welfare of circus animals. I have no difficulty at the outset in accepting the basic proposition that is delineated in the motion.
There is a long history of animals in circuses. By coincidence, it appears that the practice started almost exactly at the point when children were no longer sent up chimneys to clean them and when slavery was abolished. Perhaps one form of slavery was replaced by another.
Kevin Stewart referred to the long-standing ban on circus animals in Aberdeen. The continuing ability of circuses to visit Aberdeen in the face of that ban demonstrates that the practical effect of a wider ban would not necessarily be too great. He also referred to objective evidence of stress in travelled animals. My briefing pack did not draw my attention to that point, which will inform us all in considering the issue, as it is objective evidence. With only 39 animals remaining in circuses in the UK, one issue is that there is a limited evidence base to drive the argument.
Hugh Henry and others made the point that the issue is not simply about objective evidence. The evidence, such as it is, has been considered for a long time, but the issue is also our duty to animals that are in our care and, beyond that, to those that remain in the wild. It is correct that Richard Lochhead has supported efforts on the issue.
I turn to Alex Fergusson's speech. I can never quite remember whether it was St Thomas Aquinas or someone else who said, "Oh Lord, give me chastity, but not yet." I think that we might have had Alex Fergusson's second maiden speech, which is probably relatively unique, although would that he had waited for another occasion, if I may say so. Claudia Beamish made a good point in her intervention that many animals might be "performing"—I use that word in quotes—through fear. Mr Fergusson's support for the eventual elimination of animals from circuses, qualified as it was by his suggestion that we wait until the natural lifespan of existing animals has expired, is at least a recognition that the practice should end, so I welcome that. However, it is inconsistent to be against something in principle but to allow it to continue in practice, which is what was said.
Alison Johnstone said that we should press the UK Government for a ban. I am going to make a rod for my own back by saying that we have the powers to do it ourselves. The proposal that is currently before the UK Government is in fact an England-only provision—the devolved Administrations can make their own arrangements. Yesterday, there was a debate on the subject in Westminster Hall. Unexpectedly, a Conservative member, Penny Mordaunt, topped any of my contributions by revealing that one of her previous jobs was as a magician's assistant. Perhaps Mr Fergusson should consult her to find the magic way out of what is a rather awkward place to be.
The general public and animal welfare organisations are unambiguously clear and have been since 2004 in Scotland. Last year, 95 per cent of respondents to a DEFRA consultation were against the practice. We have heard the numbers quoted, and I do not debate any of them.
Elaine Murray highlighted the case of Anne the elephant. Virtually nobody could fail to be moved by the plight of that poor animal, and we wish her a long and happy retirement at Longleat, but there is not huge evidence that that was anything other than an isolated example of systematic abuse. However, the debate is not about systematic abuse, although it occurs; instead, it is about the restriction of liberty and normal behaviours. Many organisations, including the Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the British Veterinary Association, have made that point.
The UK coalition Government is seeking to regulate animals in circuses through licensing and inspection. Some people believe that that could lead to an increase in the number of wild animals in circuses. It is worth referring to the definition of wild animal that the Radford report used:
"a species whose collective behaviour, life cycle or physiology remains unaltered from the wild type despite their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations."
It does not simply cover animals caught from the wild and put in circuses; it includes wild species that have been domestically bred.
In 2007, the circus working group stated:
"our present state of knowledge about the welfare of non-domesticated animals used in circuses is such that we cannot look to scientific evidence".
That is why Elaine Murray and others are correct to look at the issue from a different perspective. The Radford report also stated:
"The status quo is not a tenable option"
and concluded that a ban should be proceeded with.
The question is an ethical and legal one. The dilemma for ministers is how a ban could be introduced. There have been legal challenges, in Austria in particular, on human rights grounds, although they appear now to have been disposed of. We will certainly continue to look at the issue. As a result of this debate and other inputs that we have had, and the information that continues to come from Westminster, we have been watching the matter with considerable interest and engagement.
Elaine Murray asks me to state that it is unacceptable for animals to be used for entertainment, and I am absolutely happy to do so. I will continue to work with the member to bring the matter to a satisfactory conclusion.
▼ Jun 2011 (3)
Subject Debate: Taking Scotland Forward: Rural Aff...


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Q: Xamarin Android: efficient way to create a copy of some entries of a SQLite DB table I have a Xamarin (C#) Android app that handles some customer information. I have the following method that is reading from a SQLite DB (the connection is stored in the global variable globalVars.Db) some quotes for a specific customer (with the name stored in another global variable, globalVars.Customer).
Given the number n that I pass to this method, I just want to create n copies of this customer information to the same table of the DB, after having replaced the customer name with more generic names (like "Default customer 1", "Default customer 2", etc).
The code below works as expected, but seems to be relatively slow especially when n is 3 or more.
Is there a more efficient way to achieve my goal?
private void cloneCustomer(int n)
    {
        var tableQuotes = from d in globalVars.Db.Table<dbQuotes>()
                          where d.CustomerName == globalVars.Customer
                          select d;

        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            foreach (var quote in tableQuotes)
            {
                quote.CustomerName = "Default customer " + i;
                globalVars.Db.Insert(quote);
            }
        }
    }

A: Wrap the insert loop block into a single transaction
private void cloneCustomer(int n)
    {
        var tableQuotes = from d in globalVars.Db.Table<dbQuotes>()
                          where d.CustomerName == globalVars.Customer
                          select d;

        globalVars.Db.RunInTransaction(() => {

          for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            foreach (var quote in tableQuotes){
                quote.CustomerName = "Default customer " + i;
                globalVars.Db.Insert(quote);
             }
           }

       });
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On wednesday Lena was born and on Sunday she was tought to be a model by me. 🙂 Seems like we got an early bird here!
By the way I love knitting, crocheting and all kinds of do it yurself stuff and so it comes that I produce lots of acccessoires for my newborn session myself on the evening while watching a good movie. 🙂 For example the white crownie in the pictures below is made by myself, to add a little perfectness I sticked some cute white pearls on it. Go check it out!
You'd also love to book a newborn session?
I shoot newborn in the first 12 days of the life of your little child.
To fix your date in time write me as fast as possible, but at least three months before birth date. More infos about newborn session check out here.


The Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns are playing host to the Arkansas State Redwolves this weekend for a Sun Belt Conference series. Due to inclement weather on Sunday there have been some changes to the series.
First, Friday night's game will be pushed back by an hour and begin at 7:30 p.m. instead of 6:30 p.m. Second, Sunday's game has been canceled and will now be played as part of a doubleheader on Saturday which will begin at 4 p.m.
Tickets for Saturday's game will be valid for both games and reentry will be allowed all day. If you have tickets to Sunday's game you can redeem them and will be offered tickets only in the first and third base bleachers.
For the Cajuns Todd Lott has been on fire lately riding a 13 game hitting streak into this weekend's match-up, he's leading the way for Louisiana with a .345 (30-for-87) batting average. While Lott has been on this streak he's hitting a robust .457 (21-for-46) with two doubles, two homers and 10 RBI since it began on March 15.


Connect to others. Connect Within. Connect spiritually.
The close of every year is one of my most coveted times. Especially the week after Christmas. The merriment and celebrations have transpired and their joy lingers in heart. Your shopping is finished, the grand dinners eaten, and there is some peace for the time being. The past year is to be reflected upon and for the coming one, dreams and plans to be made.
I wanted to give you a context to create your own magical end of the year wrap up. A small piece of time set aside to set big, powerful, and intentional plans into action.
For myself, 2017 has brought a lot of joy as well as lessons into my life. Seeing our three kids together is one of the greatest joys that has been truly appreciated + felt this year. Cultivating and growing with my husband (we are buying our first home!) and spending time with extended family has been yet another. Growing Nourish 360 and pouring my heart into one of my purposes, keeps me grounded and helps me not to get too distracted by the less than important hiccups that inevidably pop up in life.
The joys have been great, but so have the lessons. Finding peace within myself has been a big one. I have come to know more and more that when I practice what I know will bring me peace within, I have so much more control of my life. Of how I feel. Of I react to others. Of the lens I view from. It all starts from within.
Moving in 2018, I have goals, there is excitement, there are dreams. And to reflect and move forward with clarity, I have created a PDF for us to utilize in ending 2017 with good vibes, removing blocks, and making space for your greatest goals and dreams for 2018. I hope you create the time in your life to gift this to yourself and snuggle up with delicious tea + blankets + quiet. Happy Holidays to you and I look forward to connecting in 2018.


Bruce covered the song only once during the final show of the first U.S. leg of the "Wrecking Ball" tour. The song is played in memory of the late Levon Helm and was a request.
"The Weight" is a song originally by the Canadian-American group the Band that was released as Capitol Records single 2269 in 1968 and on the group's debut album Music from Big Pink. Written by Band member Robbie Robertson, the song is about a visitor's experiences in a town mentioned in the lyric's first line as Nazareth. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame named it one of the 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. The colorful characters in "The Weight" were based on real people members of The Band knew, as Levon Helm explained in his autobiography. The inspiration for and influences affecting the composition of "The Weight" came from the music of the American South, the life experiences of band members, particularly Levon Helm, and movies of Spanish filmmaker Luis Buñuel.
I said, "Hey, Carmen, come on let's go downtown."
She said, "I gotta go but my friend can stick around."
He said, "I will fix your rack if you take Jack, my dog."
He said, "That's OK, boy, won't you feed him when you can?"


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FSN Briefly
By News Desk on November 6, 2017
Every hour of every day people around the world are living with and working to resolve food safety issues. Here is a sampling of current headlines for your consumption, brought to you today with the support of iwaspoisoned.com.
Modern high-tech greenhouses such as this don't use dirt.
Organic board supports hydroponics
By an 8-7 vote, the National Organic Standards Board has recommended that hydroponic and aquaponic growing techniques should not be prohibited from the USDA's National Organic Program.
However, the board, which advises the U.S. Department of Agriculture regarding organic operations, said no to aeroponics. Fourteen members voted against organic certification for the technique. One member of the board abstained from the aeroponics vote.
A debate has been raging years about whether soil is essential to organic growing, with the Cornucopia Institute and the Organic Consumers Association opposing certification of non-soil operations. In 1995 the NOSB recommended that USDA-approved organic certifiers be allowed to license hydroponic operations, "if all provisions of the OFPA (Organic Foods Production Act) have been met." Licensing has been inconsistent, though, with some certifiers approving hydroponic operations and some not.
Opponents say the foundation of organic farming is clean soil. They contend soil conservation and eliminating certain pesticides and herbicides spurred the birth of the organic movement.
There is concern that certification for hydroponic and aquaponic operations could reduce overall organic output. However, operators of non-soil greenhouses say they can produce 8, 10 and 22 times more tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers, respectively, per acre than conventional field operations produce.
So-called cage free poultry operations often confine birds in cramped conditions such as this, which can contribute to the spread of bacteria such as Salmonella.
'Big Chicken' says the sky may not be falling, but …
In her words, public health journalist Maryn McKenna says she wrote the book "Big Chicken" in hopes of improving the quality of the chicken consumed in the United States. In the book, McKenna describes the American public's love affair with white meat and how it has contributed to antibiotic-resistant foodborne infections in humans.
She also calls out the poultry industry for labeling claims that mislead consumers. McKenna notes that "things like, for instance, 'raised without hormones,' or 'raised cage-free' " don't tell the whole story. Hormones have never been legal for meat chicken in the United States, and meat chickens are never raised in cages.
"To me, a label claim of, 'Raised without antibiotics' is a thing that's really worth looking for," the author told National Public Radio recently.
McKenna also suggests chicken industry heavyweights such as Perdue Farms and Tyson, as well as restaurant chains including Chick-Fil-A, Subway and McDonald's, haven't moved away from antibiotic use in chickens because they're concerned about antibiotic resistance. They did so, she contends, because of the concerns of consumers, who ultimately determine corporate profits.
To view a video from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln on how to properly clean up after a norovirus incident, please click on the image.
Huskers say fill your 'Barf Bucket' now
Having a toolkit, or "Barf Bucket" as the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension calls it, can help with the proper handling of messy incidents associated with norovirus, sometimes referred to as the stomach flu.
Vomiting and diarrhea can hit suddenly when people are infected with the highly contagious virus. When such bodily fluids splash on floors, bathroom fixtures and other surfaces in childcare facilities, nursing homes, schools, restaurants, etc., a "Barf Bucket" is a practical item for containment procedures.
"Knowing how to clean is very important to prevent the bacteria from spreading, as the virus can survive on surfaces for up to a week and is somewhat resistant to general cleaning," according to the Extension Service.
The Extension Service says some Barf Bucket items, such as gloves, goggles, shoe covers and protective aprons, are Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) for the people who are tasked with cleaning up after a norovirus incident.
Among the other supplies recommended for a Barf Bucket kit are:
Liquid-spill absorbant material;
Single-use flat-edge scoop, shovel or dustpan;
Bucket;
Spray bottle of disinfectant; see the Environmental Protection Agency for acceptable products;
Paper towels;
Liquid soap;
Garbage bags for double bagging waste and cleaning materials; and
A designated mop.
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness, and accounts for more than 50 percent of food-related outbreaks, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The pathogen can spread through the air, live on surfaces and contaminate food.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Breaking news. A new Facebook Page devoted to parents and boys has just started this week, with over 400 engagements already.
If you want to advocate for gender equality in education, or want tips for your boy, please join us.
NineShift 2019 Predictions. #2 Feminists Fiddle While Gender Pay Gap Narrows
Gen Y women, and men, are actively working to narrow the gender pay gap. Good news: the gender pay gap is narrowing.
Meanwhile, older feminists (both women and men who subscribe to the awful third wave belief system that 'boys should be raised like girls' and women somehow have superior traits than men) are fiddling with every slight and perceived offense other than the real issue: gender pay.
Julie Coates has correctly identified gender pay as the central issue, and all the others will be resolved when gender pay is equal for the same work.
The biggest diversion: STEM. We easily predict this will be the 40th straight year when young women choose NOT to go into practicing STEM professions. But there's other diversions daily occupying feminist outrage, from women voting for men to ads to women in name-the-profession.
The only other helpful change, again being made largely by Gen Y, is electing more women to office. According to Swedish leaders, the country where the pay gap is narrowed the most, having more female elected officials does help. Gen Y women also have a whole different view of feminism and tend to be less anti-male than older feminists.
Good news, the gender pay gap will continue to narrow despite the feminist diversions.
Image: We've still got 95% of 2019 to go!
NineShift 2019 Predictions. #3 America Still Clueless on Infrastructure
It's getting late folks. 2020 is coming in a few months. And yet America is still clueless about what kind of infrastructure the country needs to position itself for prosperity in this century.
The big one is transportation, where the U.S. is more than a decade behind the rest of the advanced world. Our leaders, business and government, still don't understand that trains have to, and will, replace cars as the primary mode of transportation.
Trains and light rail will make more progress this year. But without any funding or overall plan. In fact, any transportation "fix" right now would involve pavement and death and pollution and lost time and take us backwards. Thank goodness there's no financing of infrastructure right now.
Train ridership, routes and success will continue to grow this year.
Photo: I was in NYC two weeks ago visiting CUNY, which is located just 2 blocks from the beautiful Grand Central Terminal, where I took this photo.
NineShift 2019 Predictions. #4 Mental Health Crisis Continues
The current mental health crisis continues this year.
Young men (see our #1 prediction above) are particularly hit hard by the despair (Center for Disease Control word describing the situation) of depression, anxiety and panic. But young women, and older adults are also being affected.
Gen Y has more panic, depression and anxiety than any other generation in history. The issue for those smart young people denied college won't go away soon. And so while economic well being starts to return to better days in 2020 after the recession, the lingering effects of the mental health crisis going on now will not dissipate soon.
NineShift 2019 Predictions. #5 Democracy is Saved
The year 2019 will be the turning or tipping point where democracy in America is saved.
America will still fall behind Europe in positioning itself for prosperity in the 21st century.
The United States will still be in decline, relinquishing its role as THE superpower in the world and becoming just another superpower.
But still, Republican nominated judges, Robert Mueller, the legislative branch, media, big business, small business and just plain ol citizens appear to have the upper hand over the recent tilt towards authoritarianism and minority (white male) rule. Yeah you. Yeah us.
Photo: the way forward. Walking trail in the snow on public land next to our cabin up north last month.
NineShift 2019 Predictions. #6 Gen Y Revolt
Gen Y will have one more play; they will change one more thing for the good of the 21st century.
Their modus operandi is online, so that is the likely organizing and force they will use. The issue: no idea.
There's plenty of things Gen Y wants and needs to change of course, from student debt to free college to environment to net neutrality to low income urban housing to....... Let's see.
Photo: the annual Gen Y pub crawl at the LERN Annual Conference this year.
NineShift 2019 Predictions: #7 Recession Will Happen
The 100 Year Parallel continues. We will have a recession.
And for the same reasons. In 1919-1920 we had a deep but relatively short 18 month recession because the government (President a Democrat) financially shot itself in the foot, causing the recession.
Today we predict a recession for the very same reasons: the government will cause it. Things will also get better economically for most people in society after the recession. This includes a wage increase for more Americans, just like wages increased in the 1920s.
University of Missouri Does Another Violation of Title IX
A new University of Missouri initiative to help black female students in STEM intentionally excludes black male students, another violation of Title IX.
Black male students are the most disadvantaged minority in higher education, constituting only around 1.6% of graduates; far fewer than black female students. At the same time, black male students are even more interested in STEM than black female students, according to National Science Foundation statistics which MU actually cites.
And yet, of course, the University ignores black male students - - again in violation of Title IX - - and is seeking only to serve black female students. NineShift's Julie Coates filed a letter of objection with MU officials, who not surprisingly have not responded. Coates also has done a whole lot of research on why black male students are even more discriminated against than black female students. Let's not help black males graduate. Because, well, they're guys.
Photo: We're in Puerto Rico for awhile now. Puerto Rico seems like the real melting pot in terms of racial integration. Black, white, brown, all in the same family, or at the same table, or at the same beach.
Another Train Advantage: Save the Planet
Eurostar is targeting potential converts to high-speed rail by saying a London-Amsterdam Eurostar journey emits 80% less carbon than the equivalent flight.
From Europe, a land of the 21st century where there are trains, and more and more trains, Eurostar is adding another train to its London to Amsterdam route. The third service will bring Eurostar's capacity on the route to the equivalent of 12 flights a day, more than 75 flights a week and 3,900 flights per year. Which saves a whole lot of carbon in the air.
The move is obviously targeted at Gen Y, which for-some-dumb-stupid-reason wants to save the planet for their grandchildren.


text:
Q: Enums vs Constant differences on Typescript If I need to use const variables I use this approach since it has a type safety.
export class LocalStorage {
    static USER_INFO = "user-info";
    static PROFILE_INFO = "profile-info";
}

But it seems we can use string enums like so:
export enum LocalStorage {
    USER_INFO = "user-info";
    PROFILE_INFO = "profile-info";
 }

What is the difference between these 2 approaches?

A: enum is logical grouping of your constants. Let's say you want to use different color. Then you make color enum consist of all colors value defined. Lets say accountType which consist value of current, saving, loan, recurring. Its logical grouping. Constant you can define for anything.
Now you have to make sure that your enum name has anything to do with logical grouping?
In Your case Enum name is LocalStorage but values underneath does not justify as enum

A: While both approaches get the job done for simple scenarios. It's always good practice to use constructs for their intended purposes.
Your class may inadvertently evolve into something more than just holding statics. Leading to an amalgamation of concerns. For instance, in the future you may think it necessary to add CRUD functions for local storage, indexedDB, or cookies.
Then you can choose between const enums or enums.
If you need the compiled enum at run time, then use a regular TypeScript enum.
A const enum exists just to help with type-safety. Its usage gets inlined and the const enum gets discarded during compilation.

A: I agree with @VLAZ, the best approach can definitely vary. Probably the most significant perk of using an enum is being able to improve type-safety of your functions.
export enum LocalStorage {
    USER_INFO = "user-info",
    PROFILE_INFO = "profile-info"
}

function doSomething(l: LocalStorage) {
}

doSomething("foo"); // error, "foo" is not LocalStorage
doSomething("user-info"); // error, "user-info" is not LocalStorage
doSomething(LocalStorage.USER_INFO); // compiles

Overall, enums offer improved type safety (where they make sense), and extending them with new members is generally simpler.


text:
Q: Finding $ \lim_{n\to\infty}\int_{0}^{\pi}x\left|\sin 2nx\right|\,dx$ $$ \lim_{n\to\infty}\int_{0}^\pi x\left\vert \sin2nx\right\vert \, dx$$
So in this question what I tried to visualise is that since integration here is just like finding the area under the graph of the function x$\vert \sin2nx \vert$ and as $\lim_{n\to\infty}$, as n increase, it starts covering more and more area under the graph $y=x$ , and at infinity, the function can be visualised like covering the whole area under the graph of $ y = x $ from $0 \to π$ , so it should just be $$\int_{0}^\pi x dx$$ which is just $\frac{π^2}{2} $but it is not , just

$\pi$

What is the error here ??
[ This might appear weird, but it confused me a bit because I'm still in highschool and still new to Calculus ]

A: When $n$ is large, the integral is roughly the same as $\int_0^\pi kx\,dx$ where $k$ is the average value of $|\sin x|$ over a period.
This average value is $\frac2{\pi}$, which eats one of the factors of $\pi$ in the triangle (and also cancels out the $\frac12$.

This trick is pretty specific to cases of the shape $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \int f(x) g(nx) dx$$ where $g$ is periodic such that the integral is scaled by wiggles that becomes ever narrower.
When $n$ is large, we can take the integral over each period of $g$ separately -- and because the wiggles are narrow enough, $f(x)$ is almost constant over each of them, so we can put it outside an inner integral. When the period is the the same as the width of the integral this goes like
$$ \int_0^P f(x)g(nx) dx = \sum_{j=0}^{n-1} \int_{j P/n}^{(j+1)P/n} f(x)g(nx)\; dx \approx \sum_{j=0}^{n-1} f(j\tfrac Pn) \int_{jP/n}^{(j+1)P/n} g(nx) \,dx $$
After you evaluate the inner integral (which is now the same in each term thanks to periodicity), what you have left is just a Riemann sum for the integral of $f(x)$ scaled by the (common) average of the wiggles. So that's the integral we get when we let $n$ go to $\infty$.
To make this rigorous you need to estimate the error that arises at the $\approx$ in the above calculation -- but it is fairly easy to see that it must go to zero if $f$ is uniformly continuous and $g$ is bounded.

A: Here's a pretty simple way to solve this problem.
I assume you know that $\int_a^bf(x)dx = \int_a^bf(a+b-x)$.
Now, I $= \lim_{n\to\infty} \int_0^{\pi}x|\sin(2nx) |dx$.
Applying the above identity,
I $= \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\pi}{2}\int_0^{\pi}|\sin(2nx) |dx$.   (Since $|\sin(x)|$ = $|\sin(2n\pi - x)|$)
Now, because $\sin(x)$ is periodic, we can write the integral as
I $= \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{n\pi}{2}\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{n}}|\sin(2nx) |dx$.
Substituting $t = 2nx$,
I $= \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\pi}{4}\int_0^{2\pi}|\sin(t)|dt$.
Clearly, $\int_0^{2\pi}|\sin(x) |dx$ = 4, which means,
I $= \pi$.
QED

A: Breaking it into intervals you have:
$$\begin{align}\int_{0}^{\pi}x|\sin(2n\pi)|dx&=\sum_{i=0}^{2n-1}\int_{\frac{i\pi}{2n}}^{\frac{(i+1)\pi}{2n}} x|\sin(2n\pi)|dx\\
&=\sum_{i=0}^{2n-1}\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2n}} (x+\frac{i\pi}{2n})|\sin(\pi i + 2nx)|dx\\
&=2n\int_0^{\pi/(2n)}x|\sin(2nx)|dx + \frac{2n(2n-1)}{2}\frac{\pi}{2n}\int_0^{\pi/(2n)}|\sin(2nx)|dx\\
&=2n\int_0^{\pi/(2n)}x\sin(2nx)dx + \frac{(2n-1)\pi}{2}\int_0^{\pi/(2n)}\sin(2nx)dx\end{align}$$
The last step because $\sin(2nx)$ is non-negative for $x\in[0,\pi/(2n)].$
Letting $u=2nx$ then $du=2n\,dx$ and you have that this is equal to:
$$\frac{1}{2n}\int_{0}^{\pi} u\sin u du+\frac{(2n-1)\pi}{4n}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sin(u)du.$$
So the limit is $$\frac{\pi}{2}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sin(u)du=\pi.$$

The same argument shows more generally if $f$ has period $\alpha$ then:
$$\lim_{n\to\infty}\int_{0}^{\alpha}x f(2nx)dx=\frac{\alpha}{2}\int_0^{\alpha}f(u)du.$$
which is the general rule that Henning mentioned in his answer, since this result is $\frac{\alpha^2}{2}$ times the average value of $f$ on $[0,\alpha].$

A: $(x\cos(x))'
=\cos(x)-x\sin(x)
$
so
$\int x\sin(x) dx
=\int \cos(x) dx - x\cos(x)
=\sin(x)-x\cos(x)
$.
Therefore
$\begin{array}\\
\int_{0}^\pi x|\sin2nx|dx
&=\int_{0}^{2\pi n} (y/2n)|\sin y|dy/(2n)
\qquad x = y/(2n)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\int_{0}^{2\pi n} y|\sin y|dy\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\int_{2\pi k}^{2\pi(k+1)} y|\sin y|dy\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\int_{0}^{2\pi} (y+2\pi k)|\sin (y+2\pi k)|dy\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\int_{0}^{2\pi} (y+2\pi k)|\sin (y)|dy\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\int_{0}^{\pi} y|\sin (y)|dy+\int_{\pi}^{2\pi} y|\sin (y)|dy\\
+2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} |\sin (y)|dy+2\pi k\int_{\pi}^{2\pi} |\sin (y)|dy\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy-\int_{\pi}^{2\pi} y\sin (y)dy\\
+2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} \sin (y)dy-2\pi k\int_{\pi}^{2\pi} \sin (y)dy\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy-\int_{0}^{\pi} (y+\pi)\sin (y+\pi)dy\\
+2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} \sin (y)dy-2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} \sin (y+\pi)dy\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy+\int_{0}^{\pi} (y+\pi)\sin (y)dy\\
+2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} \sin (y)dy+2\pi k\int_{0}^{\pi} \sin (y)dy\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy+\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy+\int_{0}^{\pi} \pi\sin (y)dy+8\pi k\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\left(2\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy+2\pi+8\pi k\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\left(2n\int_{0}^{\pi} y\sin (y)dy+2n\pi+4\pi n(n-1)\right)\\
&=\frac1{4n^2}\left(2n(\sin(x)-x\cos(x))|_{0}^{\pi}+2\pi n(2n-1)\right)\\
&=\frac1{2n}\left(\pi+\pi (2n-1)\right)\\
&=\frac1{2n}\left(2n\pi\right)\\
&=\pi\\
\end{array}
$

A: In functional analysis this is called weak convergence.  For example, $\sin nx \to 0$ because we have that:
$$ \lim_{n \to \infty} \int_0^{2\pi} g(x) \,\sin 2\pi n x \,  dx  = 0 $$
For any $g(x) \in L^2([0,2\pi])$ (square-integrable periodic function).  This is called the Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma.
We could argue that $0< \sin^2 2\pi n x < 1$ and a cursory look at the graph shows $\sin^2 n x$ weak-converges $\to \frac{1}{2}$.

Here's the graph for $g(x) = x \, |\sin n x|$ and notice the average is somewhat different.

Riemann Integration no longer works here, since we can make the integeral behave however we like by choosing a partition and a sampling point.  The Riemann sum does not tell us which point in the interval:
$$ \sum f(x_i) \Delta x_i \to \int f(x) \, dx $$
Normally, the midpoint rule (or trapezoid rule or your choice) would give us an upper bound to the uncertainty of the integral, such as:
$$ \big| \int f(x) \, dx - \left( f( \frac{\Delta x}{N}) + \dots + f(2\pi) \right)\Delta x \big| \leq \frac{ (2\pi)^3}{24 N^2} \max_{x \in [0, 2\pi]} \cdot |f''(x)| $$
We can choose the sampling points so that $f(x_i) \equiv 0$ always or $f(x_i) \equiv x$ always or somewhere in between.  So the word "integral" here is ambiguous.
Limits of Riemann integrals lead to ambiguities, our choice of integration technique started to matter, so that's why weak-approximation requires Lebesgue integration.


text:
10 Interesting Facts About Ice Hockey
By EFacts September 23, 2015
When a sport has been around as long as hockey, there are bound to be plenty of interesting facts, legends and stories surrounding it. Here are just a few interesting facts and figures about the game we love.
Kris Draper was traded for just $1 in 1993 to Detroit Red Wings. Thus, he began his reputation as the "One Dollar Man" and went on to win four Stanley Cups for Detroit.
Jarome Iginla donates $2,000 to the children's charity Kidsport for every goal he scores. Since 2000, he has added more than $700,000.
In 1930 World Ice Hockey Championship, the Canadian team was considered so dominant that it did not participate in the knock-out tournament. Canada was right away put into the final game and the tournament was played to determine an opponent. Canada won.
Even if Wayne Gretzky had never scored a single goal, he would still have more points than any other past or present hockey player. He had more career assists than any other player has total points.
The Slovakian women's hockey team qualified for the 2010 Olympics by beating Bulgaria 82-0. They later lost to team Canada in Vancouver 18-0.
In USSR, bears were trained and forced to play ice hockey as part of circus performance.
Two of the greatest hockey players of all time, Mario Lemieux and Patrick Roy were born on the same day only 124 miles apart.
Doctors in British Columbia are banned from talking about hockey during surgery.
NHL does not own the Stanley Cup and any hockey team could potentially challenge for the trophy in the event of a season-long lockout.
If both NHL goalies are injured, the team can literally choose any available goalie to suit up and play and this includes fans.
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Not all of people can answer what is normal blood pressure themselves. This is a very important knowledge to keep our healthy record on track. Although we are not medical professional, it is useful for us to know how blood pressure record is read. The normal blood pressure range is below 120/80. It's ideal range of blood pressure for those who wish to have healthy condition. This level shows that the risk factor of having heart disease is lower. Stoke can also be influenced by high blood pressure which can be avoided by keeping the blood pressure normal.
The record showing what is low blood pressure indicates abnormal health condition, too. The condition is known as hypotension illness. The pressure record for lower blood range is 90/60. The lower blood pressure is considered as the too low pressure if they cause certain symptoms.
In reading blood pressure, we should now certain terms such as systolic and diastolic. Systolic is the higher top number. It measures the blood pressure in arteries during the heart beats. It is also measured when the muscle do contractions. Diastolic is the bottom number and it measures blood pressure in arteries between heart beats. It happens when the heart muscles rests between the beats and refill it with blood. Top number or systolic is more needed to read the pressure.
If the blood pressure is high, the healthcare will diagnoses the patient with hypertension. Meanwhile, if the blood pressure is too low, he will be diagnosed with hypotension. The blood pressure reading is necessary if you have certain health conditions that need blood pressure check regularly. If you have the pressure check equipment, you will need the reading pressure ability. This is to make sure you are in normal blood pressure range to support the good health condition.


text:
Features News From the Archives Highlights Tiger Sports Report The Arts Photos Podcasts E-Book Contact Us TigerNet Support Trinity
Tiger sports Report
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Support trinity
Morton "Buddy" Wolf '66
Buddy Wolf attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in history. He returned to New York, received a MA in history and an MBA at Columbia University. He worked at Citibank for twenty years and J.P. Morgan Chase for seven years in their card division and for a credit bureau for three years. He retired, performed volunteer work for Open Door Family Medical Centers, and for the last three years has been back at Citibank as an independent contractor in project management for an information technology data warehouse group in the retail bank. Buddy has been an alumni class representative for the class of 1966 since 2006. He has been a Trinity Fund volunteer and has previously served as vice-president of the Trinity Alumni and Alumnae Association. Buddy also fund-raises for Columbia Business School as a member of the Hermes Society Leadership Committee, and for the University of Pennsylvania swim team alumni. In the summer he volunteers for Swim Across America, to raise money to fight cancer, while in the winter he volunteers for Vermont Adaptive Ski and Sports, which provides sports and recreational opportunities to individuals with disabilities. He and his wife, Penny, live in Westchester; have two grown sons, a grandson, and assorted dogs, a cat, and an African grey parrot.
JULIE TURNER '96
Trinity Fund Supporter since 2004
For further information about our Trinity Fund effort, contact:
Advancement Office, Trinity School,
139 West 91st Street, New York, NY 10024-1326
Website: https://www.trinityschoolnyc.org/page/support-trinity
E-mail: trinityfund@trinityschoolnyc.org
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By buying this product you can collect up to 2 loyalty points. Your cart will total 2 loyalty points that can be converted into a voucher of ₹ 0.
$HSN$4803$$ Napkin decoupage is a fun craft. Tired home decor items can be easily refurbished/revamped/transformed. No artistic skill is required. What is more, a multitude of surfaces can be decorated e.g. wood, metal, cardboard, wax, soap, paper, glass, furniture, fabric and more.


Special Collections at the Seattle Public Library is pleased to offer this private viewing of the monumental Curtis set depicting the North American Indians. (And we are pleased that BCW board member Jodee Fenton is SPL's Manager of Special Collections!) We'll look at selected volumes, learn about the photogravure printing process, discover how the Library acquired its set, and read some of Curtis's letters to Harriet Leitch, a librarian who was in charge of the public library's branches.
Curtis was an inspired photographer, especially in his portraiture, and seeing these images as he intended borders on a sacred event. He also assembled an outstanding research team, and the resulting ethnographies are a rich source of information about the lives of these native cultures. We'll explore the vocabularies, printed music, and mythologies he recorded.
His relationships with J. Pierpont Morgan, Theodore Roosevelt, and Frederick Webb Hodge and others reveal a determined man seeking the support he needed for his "big idea".


Enjoy the top 4 famous quotes, sayings and quotations by Richard Evans Schultes.
You have a feeling of achievement when you discover a new plant, even a plant that has no use.
Want to see more pictures of Richard Evans Schultes quotes? Click on image of Richard Evans Schultes quotes to view full size.


The College of Sciences at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette will officially become the Ray P. Authement College of Sciences during a 3 p.m. commemencement ceremony at the Cajundome Convention Center on May 24.
Authement, the longest serving president of a public university in the country, has ties to the college that date back more than 60 years when he was a student. He announced his retirement last year. Dr. E. Joseph Savoie, Louisiana's Commissioner of Higher Education, will replace Authement.
In addition to the naming recognition, Authement will also award his grandson Philippe Prouet II his bachelor's degree. Prouet, a Biology major, is the son of Authement's late daughter Kathy.
At the 5:30 p.m. commencement cermeony for the Graduate School, UL Lafayette's writer-in-residence emeritus Ernest J. Gaines will receive an honorary Doctorate of Letters for his work as an internationally acclaimed author.
The author's relationship with UL Lafayette began in 1981 when he accepted an invitation to serve as a visiting professor of creative writing. In 1984, Gaines became the university's writer-in-residence; he retired in 2004.
Most recently, the Louisiana Board of Regents approved the creation of the Ernest J. Gaines Center in Dupre Library on campus.
• 9 a.m. College of General Studies – Tonya Bolden-Ball, president of the Lafayette Commission on the Needs of Women, will give the keynote address. The Commssion's mission is to serve as a clearinghouse for information and services available to women in this community and to promote programs that improve the role of women in this community.
• noon College of Liberal Arts – Dr. Forrest Byrd is the keynote speaker. Dr. Byrd is an associate professor English. He joined the UL Lafayette faculty in 1972.
• 3 p.m. B.I. Moody III College of Business Administration – Braxton (B.I.) Moody III will deliver the keynote address to students. Moody, for whom the college is named, is a founding partner in the CPA firm of Moody, Broussard, Poche & Guidry. He's also served as president and CEO of Chart House, chairman of the board for First National Bank of Lafayette and chairman of The Moody Companies and Louisiana State Newspapers. The college was named in his honor in 2002.
• 5:30 p.m. Graduate School – UL Lafayette's writer-in-residence emeritus Ernest J. Gaines will received an Honorary Doctorate of Letters during this ceremony.
• 9 a.m. College of Nursing and Allied Health Professions – no keynote address.
• noon College of Education – Jenna Lachney, the college's Outstanding Graduate, will give the keynote address. Lachney, a 4.0 student majoring in Art Education and Sociology, is the daughter of Roger and Marguerite Lachney of Mansura.
• 3 p.m. College of Engineering – Randy Hanchey, a 1961 Civil Engineering graduate of UL Lafayette, will give the keynote address. Hanchey recently retired after a long and distinguished career which included service with both the Federal and State governments. He worked for the Army Corps of Engineers until 1998 when he retired. He then accepted an appointed position with the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, where he served as the Deputy Secretary and as the Assistant Secretary of the Office of Coastal Restoration and Management during his 10 years with the state.
• noon College of the Arts – Raymond Goodrich, owner of Lafayette Music, will give the keynote address. Goodrich, whose company instituted the Louisiana Showcase of Marching Bands, has established a scholarship for music students. All profits from the marching band festival are placed in the Lafayette Music/Raymond Goodrich Scholarship at UL Lafayette. To date, more than $100,000 has been produced by the scholarship.
• 3 p.m. College of Sciences – Retiring President Ray Authement will be recognized during this ceremony. In addition, the college's Outstanding Graduate Jared LeBlanc will give an address. LeBlanc, son of Brad and Cherrie LeBlanc of Lafayette, is a Physics major.


text:
What's behind the surge in ETP turnover this year?
Director, Global Sales Strategy & Execution for OEMS & Equities, LSEG
A few months ago, Michael Smith explored the volatility of volume for U.S. equities. He now focuses on ETPs (exchange traded products) and the total turnover over the past few months, and uses Refinitiv's Market Share Reporter (MSR) data feeds to analyse the activity.
While U.S. equities are some of the most widely traded instruments in the world, so are ETPs or exchange traded products.
Using the Market Share Reporter (MSR) app in Refinitiv Eikon, we explore global equities from 200 venues and normalise the data not only by turnover volume, but also look at how these instruments trade.
Commodities and alternative ETFs are among the most interesting groups seeing jumps in turnover.
ETPs is the more accurate name for a stable of products that includes exchange traded funds (ETFs); exchange traded notes (ETNs), of which XIV was a popular example before it blew up in 2018 Volmaggedon; and exchange traded commodities (ETCs), which are much more popular in Europe than in the U.S.
Our colleagues at LSEG provide some highlights around ETCs here.
Refinitiv Eikon gives you the information you need – whenever and however you want it
Analysing ETP trends
I have used our Market Share Report (MSR) data feeds to explore the last few months of total turnover in ETPs. I wanted to see if there's been any recent change of total turnover in both the U.S. and Europe by several types of ETP. Again, using turnover in place of volume to normalise the value traded.
MSR allows me to take global equities from 200 venues and normalise the data not only by turnover volume, but also by looking at how those instruments to trade. There are more than 500 trade classifications across those 200 venues, and MSR brings those down to 19 in Europe and eight for the rest of the world.
In Figure 1, we can see how much larger turnover is for names in the U.S. versus their counterparts in Europe.
In Q1, ETPs in Europe traded north of $113bn of turnover per day. That is 59 percent higher than the H2 2021 average.
In the U.S., the ETP turnover was more than $100bn more per day. The U.S. turnover was $238bn in Q1, which was 67 percent higher than H2 2021. The U.S. started trading more in December, carrying that over to a huge January and Q1, whereas Europe had a nice bump in January and really did not ramp up until February.
Commodity ETPs
With the recent global macro events and some of the market dislocations in commodities, those events have been driving trading in Commodity ETPs relative to their recent history.
Commodity futures have been in the news but are generally only accessible by professional traders. Commodity ETFs, on the other hand, allow everyone to make investments/trades in this space.
In Europe, ETCs are traded much more than in the U.S., both in total and relative to the total ETP turnover. When you combine the ETCs and the commodity ETFs, Figure 2 shows much higher their normal share is, but the jump in the last two months is so much greater.
What are these ETCs? Figure 3 shows the top four by turnover for the ETC and the commodity ETF categories.
IGLN and SGLD accounted for 25 percent of the total turnover for Europe in March and 5 percent of the total ETP turnover. In the U.S., GLD is 48 percent of the commodity ETF turnover and 2 percent of all ETP turnover in March.
Staying on these top-traded names. I went to the Market Share Reporter app in the Eikon desktop (Figure 4) to look at IGLN and GLD on an individual basis. You can clearly see the jump in trading in March.
IGLN traded more than $4bn notional, which is over 32 percent higher than the previous high in March 2020. Here, you can also see that the security trades just under 50 percent of its notional volume on the LSE, but in March we saw a huge jump in volume on Tradeweb as well. That's the lower line chart. March saw north of $1.2B on both LSE and Tradeweb.
More turnover or returning flows?
Has there been just more turnover or are flows are coming into the fund?
Figure 5 looks at the Lipper Fund flows app in Eikon. Lipper Fund flows date back to 1992 and helps investors and traders understand where capital is moving. It shows the giant inflows in iShares Physical Gold ETC. The Invesco Physical Gold ETC took in more than $2.8bn, which was a bit more than iShares' $2.2bn. Both were by far the most in a long time.
When combining the flows and the turnover, Figure 6 shows that 10 years ago, SGLD was probably more of a trading vehicle. As it gained assets, trading calmed down a bit and both it and IGLN had settled in the low 10s. Both have seen a small bump into the 20 percent range in the last month.
The SPDR Gold shares (Figure 7), which mainly trade in the U.S., are far more active than both ETCs in Europe, trading almost $70bn in turnover in March. That was only second in terms of monthly turnover.
Just behind the $72.6bn traded in August of 2020. It is the fourth month in the last 10 years where the fund traded north of $60B in turnover. I do see a slight turn in the FINRA ADF volumes over the last three months, but those are still less than the 40 percent share that traded on that tape in March 2016
Lipper flows for GLD
With the Lipper Fund Flows app for GLD, you don't see the same jump inflows as you do with the European names, but looking at the Y-axis in Figure 8, the numbers here are much larger. The $2bn in inflows has happened 15 times during the last 10 years for GLD. However, it did see inflows of $3.9bn in March.
In Figure 9, the total assets of GLD and turnover by month show that March was quite active, trading more than 100 percent of the assets. This is not anomalous and has happened before.
The Metals Research team at Refinitiv looks at the flows in a different light. They take the daily flows from roughly 75 funds worldwide and aggregate these flows into an amount of gold to buy or sell.
Figure 10 shows the weekly flows of gold from those products. Flows are decidedly positive since the situation in Europe became more stressed.
Those daily flows are then aggregated to look at the change in monthly flows by region (Figure 11).
Figure 12 shows a cumulative chart of gold holding stacked by region.
The chart in Figure 13 looks at the global flows of Commodities ETPs by Lipper classification, which shows more categories of commodities.
Commodities were an interesting subject because of the large jump in Europe, but another segment of note in Figure 13 is alternative ETFs. Their volumes are again smaller than their U.S. counterparts.
These funds have about half of the turnover of commodities in Europe and roughly the same in the U.S. Both regions have seen a recent jump in turnover for this segment, more than doubling their turnover. The U.S. aggregate turnover was more than three times the values seen last summer.
The largest name in this bunch is ProShares UltraPro Short QQQ. Figure 14 shows the wave of inflows in the last few years and the burst higher in March. In March, SQQQ took in $250m, and helped the annual total hit $2.4bn in the last year.
SQQQ is the largest of the names we have highlighted by turnover.
Figure 15 shows the recent spike in the Market Share Reporter app while the increasing percentage of printing on the FINRA ADF is also of note.
In March, SQQQ traded more than $87bn of notional, which was an uptick from an already strong February, when it totalled $72bn in trades. The largest day of Q1 was 24 February when it traded $7.1bn in notional value.
The other top names in the alts space were SDS, which is the ProShares UltraShort S&P500 that is 2x leveraged, and SH, which is ProShares Short S&P 500.
Those two traded $12.2bn and $11.9bn respectively in March. I expanded the alternatives in the U.S. to the top six and they were all inverse levered funds, except the SH.
SQQQ is a true trading vehicle. With GLD, we saw numbers briefly hitting 100 percent of asset turnover, but with this instrument, the lowest we see is about 400 percent of assets.
Europe did not have a top gun like the U.S., but the Lyxor CAC 40 Daily 2x funds were the top two names. BX4 is the 2x Inverse and LVC, the 2x Leverage, was a close second. They traded $1.3B and $1.2B respectively for March.
Commodities drove ETP trading
From this analysis, we can see the news around commodities drove a bunch of trading in the ETPs in that space.
The fact that gold was prominent, and that inflation talk dominated headlines, wasn't too much of a surprise (Figure 18). Gold seems to have gathered some steam in the new year with the futures spiking to over $2,000 per ounce in early March before tailing off a bit.
Fewer bearish bets
The Metals Research team at Refinitiv also focused on the price of gold versus the put/call ratio of the options. Figure 19 shows the ratio getting lower as the price rises. This would indicate fewer bearish bets in the options.
The Commitment of Traders (CoT) report from CFTC (Figure 20) shows the new value of positions for managed money coming off recent highs. The Metals Research team notes this is the third consecutive week net long positions fell after a recent high.
On the alternative side of the book, this one is a bit easier to explain.
Large-cap equities in the U.S. are rolling over and momentum to the downside seems to be the play for traders. This segment's assets are much larger in the U.S. than in Europe. Figures 21-23 show the largest turnover names, which you can see is mostly U.S. names.
Trends in volume
The Market Share Reporter app in Eikon is great for looking at trends in volume on both a regional and single stock level, but the content also comes in a feed format for more customisation and use on a larger scale. If you are interested in using this for research or tying it in with some real-time data, reach out to your Refinitiv account team.
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In the U.S., the ETP turnover was more than $100bn more per day.
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RepositoryViewImpl (ATG Java API)
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atg.repository

Class RepositoryViewImpl

java.lang.Object
  atg.repository.RepositoryViewImpl

All Implemented Interfaces:
NamedQueryView, RepositoryView

Direct Known Subclasses:
IntegrationRepositoryView

public abstract class RepositoryViewImpl
extends java.lang.Object
implements NamedQueryView

This is a basic implementation for the RepositoryView class.  It implements
 properties for all of the settable values.

Field Summary

static java.lang.String
CLASS_VERSION

          Class version string

protected  atg.repository.query.QueryCache
mCache

          currently active query cache

static java.lang.String
RESOURCE_BUNDLE_NAME

Constructor Summary

RepositoryViewImpl()

Method Summary

 void
addNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName,
              atg.repository.QueryDescriptor pDescriptor)

          Adds an entry to the named query map

 void
addQueryListener(atg.repository.QueryListener pListener)

          Adds a query event listener from this view.

 boolean
canCacheQuery(java.util.List pDependencies)

          You might override this method to try and deal with a subtle
 synchronization issue.

 void
createNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName,
                 Query pQuery)

          Creates a named query.

abstract  int
executeCountQuery(Query pQuery)

          Executes a query that returns the number of items that would be returned by
 given query.

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             int pStartingIndex)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 beginning at the starting index element.

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             int pStartingIndex,
             int pEndingIndex)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 which are contained within a total potential result set.

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             int pStartingIndex,
             int pEndingIndex,
             SortDirectives pSortDirectives)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 which are contained within a total potential result set.

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             int pStartingIndex,
             SortDirectives pSortDirectives)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 beginning at the starting index element.

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             QueryOptions pQueryOptions)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

 RepositoryItem[]
executeQuery(Query pQuery,
             SortDirectives pSortDirectives)

          Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

abstract  RepositoryItem[]
executeUncachedQuery(Query pQuery,
                     QueryOptions pOptions)

          Subclasses determine how query requests are actually satisfied

 RepositoryItem[]
executeUncachedQuery(Query pQuery,
                     QueryOptions pOptions,
                     java.lang.Object[] pParameterValues)

          This is a stub implementation so that the QueryCache doesn't have
 to deal with specific RepositoryView implementations when it calls
 executeUncachedQuery() with variables.

 atg.repository.query.QueryCache
getCache()

          Get property cache

 boolean
getCacheQueries()

 RepositoryItemDescriptor
getItemDescriptor()

          Returns the RepositoryItemDescriptor property, which describes
 the known properties for all the items in the view

 Query
getNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName)

          Gets the Repository Query corresponding to the given name

 java.lang.String[]
getNamedQueryNames()

          Returns the names of all the named queries known by this view

abstract  QueryBuilder
getQueryBuilder()

          Returns a QueryBuilder to use for creating Query objects

 int
getQueryCacheSize()

 atg.repository.QueryDescriptor
getQueryDescriptor(java.lang.String pQueryName)

          Gets the QueryDescriptor object associated with the given name.

 long
getQueryExpireTimeout()

 java.util.List
getQueryListeners()

          Returns the list of query listeners that are registered on this view.

 java.lang.String
getQueryName(Query pQuery)

          Gets the name associated with the given Query, if any

 Repository
getRepository()

          Get property Repository

 java.lang.String
getViewName()

          Get property ViewName

 void
invalidateQueryCache()

          Removes all entries from the query cache

 void
removeNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName)

          Removes an entry from the named query map

 void
removeQueryDependency(atg.repository.query.QueryDependency pList)

          When a query cache entry is invalidated, we need to remove all cache
 entries that depend on the same set of properties, the QueryDependency.

 void
removeQueryListener(atg.repository.QueryListener pListener)

          Removes a query event listener from this view.

 void
sendQueryEvent(Query pQuery,
               QueryOptions pQueryOptions,
               RepositoryItem[] pResults)

          Sends a QueryEvent

 void
setItemDescriptor(RepositoryItemDescriptor pItemDescriptor)

          Sets the property ItemDescriptor.

 void
setQueryCacheSize(int pQueryCacheSize)

          Sets the property queryCacheSize.

 void
setQueryExpireTimeout(long pQueryExpireTimeout)

          Sets the property query expire timeout.

 void
setRepository(Repository pRepository)

          Set property Repository

 void
setViewName(java.lang.String pViewName)

          Set property ViewName

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

CLASS_VERSION

public static java.lang.String CLASS_VERSION

Class version string

RESOURCE_BUNDLE_NAME

public static final java.lang.String RESOURCE_BUNDLE_NAME

See Also:
Constant Field Values

mCache

protected atg.repository.query.QueryCache mCache

currently active query cache

Constructor Detail

RepositoryViewImpl

public RepositoryViewImpl()

Method Detail

getCache

public atg.repository.query.QueryCache getCache()

Get property cache

Returns:
cache

setViewName

public void setViewName(java.lang.String pViewName)

Set property ViewName

Parameters:
pViewName - new value to set

getViewName

public java.lang.String getViewName()

Get property ViewName

Specified by:
getViewName in interface RepositoryView

Returns:
ViewName

setRepository

public void setRepository(Repository pRepository)

Set property Repository

Parameters:
pRepository - new value to set

getRepository

public Repository getRepository()

Get property Repository

Returns:
Repository

setItemDescriptor

public void setItemDescriptor(RepositoryItemDescriptor pItemDescriptor)

Sets the property ItemDescriptor.

Parameters:
pItemDescriptor - new value to set

getItemDescriptor

public RepositoryItemDescriptor getItemDescriptor()

Description copied from interface: RepositoryView

Returns the RepositoryItemDescriptor property, which describes
 the known properties for all the items in the view

Specified by:
getItemDescriptor in interface RepositoryView

Returns:
The value of the property ItemDescriptor.

getCacheQueries

public boolean getCacheQueries()

Returns:
The value of the property CacheQueries.  You disable query
 caching by setting QueryCacheSize to 0.

setQueryCacheSize

public void setQueryCacheSize(int pQueryCacheSize)

Sets the property queryCacheSize.  This is the maximum
 number of queries to cache for this repository view.  A value of 0 means
 to disable caching of queries.  A value of -1 means to cache an unlimited
 number of queries for this view.

Parameters:
pQueryCacheSize - new value to set

getQueryCacheSize

public int getQueryCacheSize()

Returns:
The value of the property QueryCacheSize.

setQueryExpireTimeout

public void setQueryExpireTimeout(long pQueryExpireTimeout)

Sets the property query expire timeout.  This is the maximum number of
 milliseconds a query can live in the cache

getQueryExpireTimeout

public long getQueryExpireTimeout()

Returns:
The value of the property QueryExpireTimeout.

addNamedQuery

public void addNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName,
                          atg.repository.QueryDescriptor pDescriptor)

Adds an entry to the named query map

Parameters:
pQueryName - the name of the query to add
pDescriptor - the query descriptor describing the query

removeNamedQuery

public void removeNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName)

Removes an entry from the named query map

Parameters:
pQueryName - the name of the query to remove

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the repository does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     SortDirectives pSortDirectives)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pSortDirectives - the directives to sort the result set with

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the repository does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     int pStartingIndex)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 beginning at the starting index element.

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pStartingIndex - the beginning index, inclusive

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the repository does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     int pStartingIndex,
                                     SortDirectives pSortDirectives)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 beginning at the starting index element.

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pStartingIndex - the beginning index, inclusive
pSortDirectives - the directives to sort the result set with

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the repository does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     int pStartingIndex,
                                     int pEndingIndex)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 which are contained within a total potential result set. For example used if one wanted
 to retrieve elements 50-60 from a query which could return 100 elements.

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pStartingIndex - the beginning index, inclusive
pEndingIndex - the ending index, exclusive.

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the repository does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

getQueryBuilder

public abstract QueryBuilder getQueryBuilder()

Returns a QueryBuilder to use for creating Query objects

Specified by:
getQueryBuilder in interface RepositoryView

Returns:
null if the RepositoryView does not support query operations

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     int pStartingIndex,
                                     int pEndingIndex,
                                     SortDirectives pSortDirectives)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of matching RepositoryItems,
 which are contained within a total potential result set. For example used if one wanted
 to retrieve elements 50-60 from a query which could return 100 elements.

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pStartingIndex - the beginning index, inclusive
pEndingIndex - the ending index, exclusive.
pSortDirectives - the directives to sort the result set with

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the RepositoryView does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeQuery(Query pQuery,
                                     QueryOptions pQueryOptions)
                              throws RepositoryException

Executes the given query and returns an array of the matching
 RepositoryItems (not ids)

Specified by:
executeQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pQueryOptions - A set of options that may modify the query

Returns:
null if no items could be found to match the query or
 if the RepositoryView does not support query operations

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

createNamedQuery

public void createNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName,
                             Query pQuery)

Creates a named query. This identifies an association between
 a String name and a Repository Query object. Users can then execute
 the named Query over and over again without having to rebuild the
 Query object or its QueryExpressions

Specified by:
createNamedQuery in interface NamedQueryView

Parameters:
pQueryName - the name of the query
pQuery - the Query object associated with the name

getNamedQuery

public Query getNamedQuery(java.lang.String pQueryName)

Gets the Repository Query corresponding to the given name

Specified by:
getNamedQuery in interface NamedQueryView

Parameters:
pQueryName - the name of the query to retrieve

Returns:
the Repository Query identified by pQueryName
 or null if no Query exists by that name

getQueryName

public java.lang.String getQueryName(Query pQuery)

Gets the name associated with the given Query, if any

Specified by:
getQueryName in interface NamedQueryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to get the name for

Returns:
the name associated with the given Query, or null if the
 Query has no name associated with it

getNamedQueryNames

public java.lang.String[] getNamedQueryNames()

Returns the names of all the named queries known by this view

Specified by:
getNamedQueryNames in interface NamedQueryView

Returns:
an array of names for all the named queries known by
 this view

getQueryDescriptor

public atg.repository.QueryDescriptor getQueryDescriptor(java.lang.String pQueryName)

Gets the QueryDescriptor object associated with the given name. If
 no such descriptor exists in this particular view, then any parent
 views will be checked as well.

Specified by:
getQueryDescriptor in interface NamedQueryView

Parameters:
pQueryName - the name of the named query to get the QueryDescriptor
 for

Returns:
the QueryDescriptor for the given name, or null if none exists

executeCountQuery

public abstract int executeCountQuery(Query pQuery)
                               throws RepositoryException

Executes a query that returns the number of items that would be returned by
 given query.

Specified by:
executeCountQuery in interface RepositoryView

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute

Returns:
The number of RepositoryItems that would be returned by
 executeQuery(pQuery)

Throws:

RepositoryException - if there is an error while performing
 the query operation

executeUncachedQuery

public abstract RepositoryItem[] executeUncachedQuery(Query pQuery,
                                                      QueryOptions pOptions)
                                               throws RepositoryException

Subclasses determine how query requests are actually satisfied

Throws:

RepositoryException

executeUncachedQuery

public RepositoryItem[] executeUncachedQuery(Query pQuery,
                                             QueryOptions pOptions,
                                             java.lang.Object[] pParameterValues)
                                      throws RepositoryException

This is a stub implementation so that the QueryCache doesn't have
 to deal with specific RepositoryView implementations when it calls
 executeUncachedQuery() with variables. Those methods should never
 be called by non-variable enabled repositories anyway, so this
 is a precaution

Parameters:
pQuery - the query to execute
pQueryOptions - A set of options that may modify the query
pParameterValues - values of any parameter expressions that
 are in the given query. Each expression is replaced in the order
 that it is encountered with the corresponding parameter value e.g.
 the first parameter is replaced with pParameterValues[0], the second
 parameter is replaced with pParameterValues[1], etc.

Throws:

RepositoryException

invalidateQueryCache

public void invalidateQueryCache()

Removes all entries from the query cache

canCacheQuery

public boolean canCacheQuery(java.util.List pDependencies)

You might override this method to try and deal with a subtle
 synchronization issue.  In the midst of a transaction, if you've modified
 items in that transaction, queries you make will show these new results.
 This might cause the query to be cached prematurely with the new
 information, or worse the transaction could be rolled back and those
 changes would have been commited in the query cache.

 This method also checks to make sure that the query is itself cacheable
 based on what we found out from the nested query nodes.

removeQueryDependency

public void removeQueryDependency(atg.repository.query.QueryDependency pList)

When a query cache entry is invalidated, we need to remove all cache
 entries that depend on the same set of properties, the QueryDependency.
 We also remove our notion of these properties since who knows if anyone
 will make a query with this set of properties again.

 In some cases, it might make sense to leave the property list around so
 that we don't have to add the listeners, but I think it is simpler/safer to
 just clean up the mess.

Parameters:
pList - dependencies to use in finding entries to invalidate

addQueryListener

public void addQueryListener(atg.repository.QueryListener pListener)

Adds a query event listener from this view.

removeQueryListener

public void removeQueryListener(atg.repository.QueryListener pListener)

Removes a query event listener from this view.

getQueryListeners

public java.util.List getQueryListeners()

Returns the list of query listeners that are registered on this view.

sendQueryEvent

public void sendQueryEvent(Query pQuery,
                           QueryOptions pQueryOptions,
                           RepositoryItem[] pResults)

Sends a QueryEvent

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