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Call of Cthulhu / Interview / Kickstarter / Other Systems / RPG / Savage Worlds
Interview: Chris Birch
by Stargazer March 2, 2015
Recently I had the chance to do a short interview with Chris Birch from Modiphius. Modiphius is a pretty young company but is already well-known in the RPG community. The Kickstarter for Achtung! Cthulhu was a huge success and their recently released Mutant Year Zero RPG finally brings the Swedish franchise to the english-speaking world. But let's see what Chris Birch, the man behind Modiphius has to say.
Stargazer: Thanks again for having agreed to answer a couple of questions for my blog. I guess with the announcement of the Conan RPG you have a lot on your plate, so it even more of an honor that you're willing to take your time for this.
Could you please start by telling a bit about yourself and Modiphius? What was the first roleplaying game you played back in the day? When did you decide to open your own roleplaying business?
Chris: My first was Dungeons & Dragons aged 8, I remember the excitement of being asked if I wanted to join my brother and his girlfriend and their friend who was the dungeon master. I looked forward to those nights immensely. I've always been a gamer since, writing my own rules to play solo wargames or boadgames, writing with friends, then finally writing Starblazer Adventures. I like organising teams though, and realised my strength lies in creating ideas, or worlds and helping find the talented people to bring them to life – whether writers or artists. With the advent of Kickstarter it meant it was suddenly possible to start a business without investment (which would be rare with a games business) and so we gave it a go. I have never been happier!
Stargazer: Achtung! Cthulhu is probably the game that set Modiphius on the map for a lot of gamers. Can you tell us about how you came up with the idea and what your future plans for the franchise are?
Chris: I read the Sgt Rock comics as a kid, and Weird War comics and the Commando comics in the UK. They were often full of strange stories of ghostly Tiger tanks, lost platoons, weird adventures and so on. I'd often build these ideas in to my games. Eventually I was playing Flames of War with friends and we started talking about how great it would be to add creatures to the war games. I'd been pointed in the direction of the Mountains of Madness story by HP Lovecraft – I love stories of lost ancient cities being rediscovered and so the more I learned about Cthulhu the more I realised it was a great mix with WW2. Achtung! Cthulhu was born!
We're currently working on two boardgames – Shadows Over Normandie with Devil Pig Games and the Secret War by Kevin Wilson which is more a a strategic look at the battle for Europe and life itself! There will be some audio adventures, a fiction anthology in the summer, and our miniatures war-game is launching in the summer. Plenty to keep us going!
Stargazer: You just recently announced a Conan RPG powered by Modiphius' 2d20 system. Can you share some information on what we can expect from this new game and what sets the 2d20 system apart from other RPGs?
Chris: The 2d20 system is very cinematic, it's easily tailored for different genres, and it's super easy to GM. For Conan were emphasising the melee combat and making magic exceptionally dangerous and costly. The Conan line will feature major household artist names on the covers of EVERY book in the line, plus big names doing the interiors, we're also announcing more artists and writers joining the team soon. It's going to be a landmark event in sword & sorcery roleplaying, staying very true to the original authentic Howard stories of Conan, a much more pulp and adventurous version of the game.
Stargazer: Aside from the new Conan RPG, Modiphius current lineup contains several games based on licensed settings including DUST Adventures, the Thunderbirds boardgame, and Infinity. For me games based on popular licenses have always been a mixed bag. Can you tell us a bit more about Modiphius approach to licensed settings?
Chris: We look for projects that are cool, Infinity for example has a simply beautiful line of figures that cries out to be RPG figures, in fact they originally designed the world for an RPG but never got around to it, it has a huge and passionate fanbase and so an RPG was a no brainer, DUST has an equally dedicated fanbase and i loved the world of phasers and walking tanks. Thunderbirds was the geek mom and dad game I always wanted to do, that will help us crossover in to a wider market and has proven to be a smash success. If you get the right people involved, licensed projects can really work for you, it's all abut how you utilise licensed games to reach new fans, new markets and so on.
Stargazer: Let's get back to your house system, 2d20, for a moment. It seems to be adaptable to all kinds of settings and genres. Do you have plans to release a generic 2d20 rulebook at some point, which would allow players to run games in their own homebrew settings?
Chris: Yes we are thinking about that once the Conan version of 2d20 is out as it will have given us the chance to push it in different directions. We're also considering a licence to let other companies use it too.
Stargazer: Will there ever be a 2d20 version of Achtung! Cthulhu?
Chris: I think we're busy enough with Call of Cthulhu and Savage Worlds at the moment but you never know, it would certainly make sense one day but we have too much invested in the current versions to want to change, plus Cthulhu players tend to be Call of Cthulhu players so it would be a bit crazy to switch.
Stargazer: I recently reviewed Mutant Year Zero, an originally Swedish RPG, which was recently released by you (for the first time in English if I am not mistaken). It's an awesome game, by the way!
Mutant Chronicles 3rd Edition, which is currently in development at Modiphius, is another Swedish game. Do you have plans to bring more RPGs from Sweden to the English-speaking world like "Drakar och Demoner"?
Chris: Mutant: Year Zero made sense as it's in the same family as Mutant Chronicles, kind of a prequel, but really different universes. I loved the presentation of the game and the rules concepts so I wanted to do it. Just another example of going with something we believe in.
Stargazer: Back in 2008 Cubicle 7 released Starblazer Adventures a Fate-powered Space Opera RPG co-authored by you. The promised 2nd Edition alas never materialized and in 2014 the license expired. Have you ever considered picking up the license with Modiphius to work on a new edition of that great game?
Chris: I did consider it but we also have a lot going on and part of me wants to look forward rather than back. But I do have a major campaign for Starblazer that never saw the light of day called The Planet Killers so who knows…!
Stargazer: I heard through the grapevine that Modiphius has partnered with the German publisher Uhrwerk Verlag to bring a couple of Uhrwerk's products to the English-speaking world including Dungeonslayers and their Space 1889 game based on the Ubiquity rules. Can you tell us a bit about the deal?
Chris: I can't say too much yet but we will be helping to distribute both games and get them out through our network of distributors across the world.
Stargazer: Is there anything else you want to share with our readers that I forgot to talk about? Now's your chance!
Chris: Well check out the Thunderbirds Kickstarter which is currently rocketing through stretch goals in it's first few days. If you want a truly family friendly yet cool tabletop game by ace designer Matt Leacock this is for you, complete with awesome plastic Thunderbirds!
Stargazer: Thanks again for taking your time for this interview! The team of Stargazer's World wishes you and your team all the best for all current and future projects!
Michael Wolf is a German games designer and enthusiast best known for his English language role-playing games blog, Stargazer's World, and for creating the free rules-light medieval fantasy adventure game Warrior, Rogue & Mage. He has also worked as an English translator on the German-language Dungeonslayers role-playing game and was part of its editorial team. In addition to his work on Warrior, Rogue & Mage and Dungeonslayers, he has created several self-published games and also performed layout services and published other independent role-playing games such as A Wanderer's Romance, Badass, and the Wyrm System derivative Resolute, Adventurer & Genius, all released through his imprint Stargazer Games. Professionally, he works as a video technician and information technologies specialist. Stargazer's World was started by Michael in August 2008.
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Q: In express, is it possible to POST an array of objects without AJAX? I am trying to submit an array of objects using a regular form, without AJAX, and am finding that instead of the request body being parsed into an array of objects it just has many fields corresponding to the names of the objects.
I know that when submitting an array of primitives, you simply fill many inputs with the same name and it will populate; however, I cannot seem to wrap my head around applying this to complex objects.
My form code is fairly straightforward:

                    Name
                    <input name="attachment[0].name" class="form-control" value="First Name" type="text">

                    URI
                    <input name="attachment[0].uri" class="form-control" value="First URI" type="text">

                    Description
                    <textarea rows="4" value="First Description" name="attachment[0].description" class="form-control">First Description</textarea>

                    Name
                    <input name="attachment[1].name" class="form-control" value="Second Name" type="text">

                    URI
                    <input name="attachment[1].uri" class="form-control"  value="Second URI" type="text">

                    Description
                    <textarea rows="4" name="attachment[1].description" class="form-control">Second Description</textarea>

I have made a sample repository demonstrating my issue; https://github.com/xueye/express-form-issue where you can just run node server.js, navigate to http://localhost:3000 and submit the entry; the request body will show up in your console, where it should show up as:
{ name: '',
  type: '',
  'attachment[0].name': 'First Name',
  'attachment[0].uri': 'First URI',
  'attachment[0].description': 'First Description',
  'attachment[1].name': 'Second Name',
  'attachment[1].uri': 'Second URI',
  'attachment[1].description': 'Second Description' }

Is it possible to POST data in the way I am attempting to?

A: When you make a POST request, with a regular form or with JavaScript, you are sending formatted text to the server.
You can't send an array, but you can send a text representation of an array.
None of the data formats supported by forms come with a standard method to represent an array of data.
A pattern (introduced by PHP) uses square brackets to describe array-like structures.
This is similar to what you are using, except you sometimes use JavaScript style dot-notation. Switch to purely using square-brackets.
name="attachment[1][uri]"

… but you need to decode that data format on the server.
To do that in Express 4 use:
var bodyParser = require("body-parser");
var phpStyleParser = bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true })

and
app.post('/example', phpStyleParser, function(req, res) {
    console.log(req.body);
    res.json(req.body);
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This is your pre-launch checklist. Use the links to register for live trainings or access past recordings. We also provide e-learning courses for you to take at your own pace.
Zap Integration eLearning - coming soon!
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This series includes a 60-minute LeadRouterBusiness Rules overview and a detailed LeadRouter Admin training, both offered monthly.
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Arabinogalactan is a constituent of a flowering plant. It is basically a proteoglycans, a combination of protein and sugar found in the cells. Arabinogalactan is found in a number of vegetable and fruits and it makes the immune systems strong. It helps in building healthy bacteria is our bodies. The fiber of arabinogalactan can be used as stabilizer, and also to lower down cholesterol levels and treat various infections. The side effects are rare and include bloating and flatulence.


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Natural & Realistic Dialogue
What is good dialogue? Is it natural dialogue? I've heard myself speak, if that was put in a movie - no-one would watch. So what is good dialogue?.
Good dialogue to me is like dancing. Likewise, bad dialogue can be as embarassing as seeing your parents dance. There's a rhythm to good dialogue. In a film like 'Manhattan Murder Mystery', where Woody Allen was really on-form, the one-liners just keep coming, and they fit so perfectly into the mouths of the characters that you just can't help but be swept away by it.
I've heard a few people say that Aaron Sorkin writes realistic dialogue. Give me a break!. Here's a little piece of Sorkin genius:
Sam Seaborn: So, listen, there's a fire in Yellowstone Park.
Josh Lyman: Well, put it out.
Sam Seaborn: Technically, I'm not a professional firefighter, though there was a time I wanted to be.
Josh Lyman: When?
Sam Seaborn: When I was four.
Josh Lyman: When I was four, I wanted to be a ballerina.
Sam Seaborn: Yeah?
Josh Lyman: I don't like to talk about it.
Sam Seaborn: Ballerina?
Josh Lyman: I'd kinda like that not to get around.
Sam Seaborn: Yeah. No chance of that.
President Bartlet: [Later, that same day] Josh?
Josh Lyman: Yes, sir?
President Bartlet: A ballerina?
Josh Lyman: Yeah, I didn't... I didn't know what it was at the time. I liked the word.
President Bartlet: We'll go with that for now.
Now, I LOVE this sequence - but is it natural? is it realistic? Of course not! But it's still great dialogue. So, whilst many people talk about loving natural dialogue; I strongly make the case that natural dialogue is bad dialogue.
Maybe I am speaking from a comedy point of view. My favourite writers tend to be those who write comedy. Look at Diablo Cody's 'Juno'; that film was hilarious, and within it held many truths and many things I could relate too; and in that sense -- perhaps you could say it was realistic. But was the dialogue itself realistic? Honest to blog - no, it wasn't.
For my money the greatest dialogue writer of all time is Billy Wilder. When I watch his films or read his screenplays I could literally cry with joy. For anyone who likes to read, or live - I beg you to read 'The Apartment' screenplay. It is PURE magic.
Billy's screenplays were not about realism. They were about something more interesting than that. In Billy's films we could learn a lot about his characters and a lot about ourselves. His characters feel like reflections of who we are; I feel like I know them, I feel like I could be them-- this is the magical world that Billy and his writing partners would create. But it's not REALISTIC dialogue, it's not NATURAL.
By the way, here's my all time top piece of dialogue, it's from 'Double Indemnity'
Barton Keyes: Have you made up your mind?
Jackson: Mr. Keyes, I'm a Medford man - Medford, Oregon. Up in Medford, we take our time making up our minds.
Barton Keyes: Well, we're not in Medford, we're in a hurry.
The first time I saw 'Double Indemnity' was at a packed screening at the ICA in London. Everyone loved at the Medford line, it was hilarious. But as we left the screening, I heard people talking about how natural Billy's dialogue is. And I just don't get it.
If Sorkin, Allen, Cody and Wilder's writing was natural would it be interesting? I think not. To call the dialogue natural is to do them a great disservice. They do something far more entertaining, moving and important than that. They do movie dialogue, and they do it better than anyone else.
Neil 2 April 2009 at 01:20
Good talk about dialogue. I always use this rule. It's basic but if you keepit in mind, it usually helps:
Bob says something to Sam
Sam' mind on something else. He talks about that.
In time, Sam takes an interest in Bob.
Then Bob has a sudden interest in what Sam was saying.
otherworldlyone 10 April 2009 at 08:55
I've honestly never thought about movie dialogue that much...and not in terms of natural or realistic. After I read this I thought, "Why HAVEN'T I thought about it?"
I'm looking forward to checking out 'The Apartment'. After all, I like living...and you make a compelling argument.
But surely, the best movie dialogue IS natural, it's just the natural part that people don't think of. It's a part that the writer has syphoned from real life. When you think of yourself having spoken to another person, you remember being inarticulate, stumbling over words; a conversation with no thrust leading to no specific place. You didn't know why you were saying what you were saying, what you hoped to gain, or what you were going to say next. Movie characters have the added bonus of having a point to their speech, a thrust behind their argument, a place where the conversation will end up. That's what make's dialogue great - certainty. In delivery. In the message. In the manner.
iheartbillywilder 19 July 2012 at 21:24
Well, as you can likely deduce from my screen-name, I'm a huge Billy Wilder fan. I think that The Apartment is the very best thing ever written. Ever. Said and done. Wilder wrote dialogue like Charlie Chaplin moved: quickly, hilariously, and with a wonderful gloss of melancholy. Just as movement made the Tramp, Wilder's dialogue made all of his characters something special.
Great to encounter another Wilder fan!
The time I met Peter Rogers.
City Rats. Notes From The Premiere.
Why I Love Movies.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Edward Westermarck, 1862 - 1939, Finnish pioneer of social anthropology lived in a house on this site 1897 - 1900.
London University pulled down the Trollopes' house in the 1930s and replaced it with this car park.
Cultural Contacts between Britain and Finland.


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Sandy Hook Promise Programs Provide Solutions to New Secret Service Guide Recommendations to Prevent School Violence
July 13th, 2018 – Yesterday the Secret Service released a guide for preventing school violence based on data compiled over the last 20 years by the U.S. Secret Service National Threat Assessment Center. Key findings from the report include recommendations for trained threat assessment teams, training students and staff to report on concerning behaviors, and to have a system in place where reports can be sent anonymously. They also highlighted the "importance of creating safe school climates in which students are empowered to share their concerns." All of these recommendations are critical to preventing violence in schools.
Sandy Hook Promise has already been hard at work for the last few years delivering solutions exactly like the ones recommended in this new report, and are already seeing increasing numbers of interventions as a result.
Sandy Hook Promise (SHP) offers evidence-based solutions with our Know the Signs programs to schools AT NO COST to prevent gun violence in their schools. SHP has trained over 3.5 million students and adults in these programs, helping to prevent many acts of violence and self-harm. Our programs help to foster a safer school climate where youth and adults are trained and empowered to identify, intervene, and get help for individuals before they hurt themselves or others.
"We are happy to see more evidence from this new Secret Service guide that recommend the actions we've already built into our Know the Signs programs," said Nicole Hockley, Managing Director at Sandy Hook Promise, and mom to Dylan, who was killed at Sandy Hook Elementary on December 14, 2012. "With these new recommendations, we hope that more schools will take action to bring in our no-cost programs so that we can achieve even greater impact in preventing gun violence in schools."
The Secret Service report encourages schools to train students and staff to report concerning behaviors, and to have a system in place where reports can be sent anonymously via a website, hotline, or smartphone application that can be followed up on in real-time. After the horrific shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, FL, Sandy Hook Promise launched this exact type of system: our Say Something Anonymous Reporting System. It was launched nationally, and school districts in Texas, Connecticut, and Minnesota have already begun implementing the system. This program trains students to recognize warning signs, especially in social media, of individuals who may be a threat to themselves or others, and to Say Something via our Anonymous Reporting System phone app, website, or hotline. Over 100 school districts across 17 other states are preparing to implement the Say Something
Anonymous Reporting System over the next few months. Schools already using this system have seen multiple interventions and are creating a safer environment for their students.
Another key finding from the Secret Service report is that ensuring a school has a trained threat assessment team in place to assess threats in advance, rather than assess them in the midst a crisis, is critical to preventing violence in schools. Sandy Hook Promise partnered with threat assessment expert Dr. Dewey Cornell of the University of Virginia to bring our threat assessment training, Safety Assessment and Intervention, to schools around the country at no cost. This program trains schools and community organizations how to identify, assess and respond to threatening behaviors before they escalate to violence.
Sandy Hook Promise provides all of our Know the Signs Programs, including the Safety Assessment and Intervention and the Say Something Anonymous Reporting System, to school districts at no cost. To bring these programs to your school, visit sandyhookpromise.org.
About Sandy Hook Promise:
Sandy Hook Promise (SHP) is a national, nonprofit organization based in Newtown, Connecticut. We are led by several family members whose loved ones were killed in the tragic mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School on December 14, 2012 that claimed the lives of 20 first-graders and 6 educators. SHP is focused on preventing gun violence (and other forms of violence and victimization) BEFORE it happens by educating and mobilizing youth and adults on mental health and wellness programs that identify, intervene and help at-risk individuals. SHP is a moderate, above-the-politics organization that supports sensible non-policy and policy solutions that protect children and prevent gun violence. Our intent is to honor all victims of gun violence by turning our tragedy into a moment of transformation.
For more information, visit www.sandyhookpromise.org or call 203-304-9780.
Dini von Mueffling Communications
stephanie@dvmcpr.com


Participants at the 3-day National Bridging Workshop on managing animal and zoonotic diseases in the framework of public and animal health, 2–4 October 2018, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
In a first-of-its-kind event, public and animal health sectors were brought together in Kyrgyzstan for a 3-day National Bridging Workshop between WHO International Health Regulations (IHR) and the Performance of Veterinary Service (PVS) Pathway, with the aim of exploring options for improved coordination to strengthen preparedness and control the spread of zoonotic diseases.
Over 48 experts in human and animal health from national, regional and local levels of the country participated in the workshop, which took place on 2–4 October in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Participants used case studies, group exercises and results from external evaluations (WHO's Joint External Evaluation (JEE) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)'s PVS Pathway assessment, both conducted in 2016) to identify strengths and gaps in the collaboration between the 2 sectors in various technical domains.
The workshop facilitators from WHO and OIE guided the participants in exploring areas of overlap, potential synergy and options for improved coordination between the sectors. Out of this, participants developed a draft "roadmap" of strategic actions necessary to strengthen linkages between the 2 sectors, with the aim of preventing zoonotic outbreaks and minimizing their impact on human health.
Participants improved their understanding of the added value of a "One Health" approach to the management of public health events at the human–animal interface and importance of international frameworks for global health security. In addition, they increased their awareness and understanding of the IHR and the role of WHO in their implementation, and of the mandate of OIE and its activities to support countries' compliance with international standards for animal health and welfare.
Dr Jarno Habicht, WHO Representative in Kyrgyzstan, said: "the workshop aimed to improve national dialogue and coordination between animal and human health sectors in the country in order to strategically plan areas for joint action to prevent, detect and control contagious diseases that cross the animal and human divide. We do hope that participants will apply their knowledge in their daily work".
The workshop was supported by technical assistance and financial support from WHO in accordance with the biennial collaborative agreement for 2018–2019 between the Ministry of Health of Kyrgyzstan and WHO.


text:
Q: MySQL insert same values n times I need to insert same value in MySQL database table. The only different value is an autogenerated value so I need to execute N times this query:
INSERT INTO unità (idProdotto, idFornitore, `idFattura-documentoIngresso`, Stato, NumPassaporto) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)

Using a while cycle in my Java PreparedStatement adding a big number of elements the process results to be slow.
Is there an alternative solution similar to "LIMIT N" in "UPDATE"?
public void addUnit(Unit unit, int number) throws SQLException {
    String query = "INSERT INTO unità (idProdotto, idFornitore, `idFattura-documentoIngresso`, Stato, NumPassaporto) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)";

    connection.setAutoCommit(false);
    try (PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(query)) {
        preparedStatement.setInt(1, unit.getProduct().getId());
        preparedStatement.setInt(2, unit.getFornitore().getId());
        preparedStatement.setInt(3, unit.getInvoice().getIdInvoice());
        preparedStatement.setString(4, String.valueOf(unit.getStato()));
        preparedStatement.setString(5, unit.getPassport());
        int i=0;
        while (i < number) {
            ++i;
            preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
        }
        connection.commit();
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        connection.rollback();
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

A: Insert supports syntax for inserting multiple rows:
INSERT INTO unità (...)
VALUES (?,?,?,?,?),
       (?,?,?,?,?),
       (?,?,?,?,?),
       (?,?,?,?,?),
       ...

You can keep going until the SQL statement is as long as the value of max_allowed_packet (for which the default value is 64MB).
Another form of multi-row insert can be done like this:
INSERT INTO unità (a, b, c) SELECT 1, 2, 3 FROM <table>;

This would insert as many rows as the rows matched by the select. You can use constant expressions in the select-list, so you insert the same values on many rows (i.e. you don't need to reference columns of the <table>).
The fastest bulk-load is LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE. You would have to prepare a CSV file with your data, and do some other configuration steps to let this work. See the documentation.
I did a presentation Load Data Fast! about benchmarking the different methods of bulk data loading for MySQL. That slide deck might give you some good comparisons.


text:
Robert Boston (1836 – April 12, 1922) was a Canadian politician and farmer. Born in Melrose, Upper Canada, Boston was acclaimed to the House of Commons of Canada in an 1893 by-election upon the death of James Armstrong as a Member of the Liberal Party to represent the riding of Middlesex South. He lost the election in 1904 in the riding of Middlesex North to Valentine Ratz, both of whom were Liberal candidates.

External links

1836 births
1922 deaths
Place of death missing
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
MIA: Encyclopedia of Marxism: Glossary of Terms
Freedom is the right and capacity of people to determine their own actions, in a community which is able to provide for the full development of human potentiality. Freedom may be enjoyed by individuals but only in and through the community.
Only in community [has each] individual the means of cultivating his gifts in all directions; only in the community, therefore, is personal freedom possible. In the previous substitutes for the community, in the State, etc. personal freedom has existed only for the individuals who developed within the relationships of the ruling class, and only insofar as they were individuals of this class.
Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
The German Ideology , Chapter 1d
In capitalism, only those who have money can enjoy real freedom. Those who have no means of living other than selling their labour power may have freedoms, but their opportunities are always restricted. In bourgeois society some freedoms are considered more important than others.
Freedom of trade is precisely freedom of trade and no other freedom because within it the nature of the trade develops unhindered according to the inner rules of its life. Freedom of the courts is freedom of the courts if they follow their own inherent laws of right and not those of some other sphere, such as religion. Every particular sphere of freedom is the freedom of a particular sphere, just as every particular mode of life is the mode of life of a particular nature.
On Freedom of the Press
Before the development of bourgeois society in seventeenth century Europe, and with that, conceptions of individualism, freedom was posed only in the form of the question of Free Will , i.e., the problem of Freedom and Necessity, which is dealt with below. The emergence of a civil society governed neither by feudal right nor family relations, posed the question of social freedom for the first time. The conception of freedom has since developed along two lines – positive and negative freedom.
Positive Freedom and Negative Freedom:
Negative freedom means the lack of forces which prevent an individual from doing whatever they want; Positive freedom is the capacity of a person to determine the best course of action and the existence of opportunities for them to realise their full potential.
The overwhelmingly dominant tendency in the history of bourgeois society has been to open up negative freedom, by removing feudal and other reactionary constraints on freedom of action. Free trade and wage-labour are the most characteristic bourgeois freedoms which have resulted from this history: free trade being the freedom of a capitalist to make a profit without restriction, and wage-labour being the freedom of a worker from any means of livelihood other than being able to sell their labour power to the highest bidder. Thus this negative bourgeois freedom is a kind of freedom which is real only for those who own the means of production.
Positive freedom has been built up almost exclusively as a result of the struggle of the working class: initially the legislation limiting hours of work, child labour and so on, later the creation of free compulsory education, public health systems, right to form trade unions, and so forth, freedoms which explicitly limit the freedom of the capitalists to exploit workers, but give worker the opportunity to develop as human beings.
The freedom people have is determined by the ethical system of the society they are born into, which is fundamentally based on the economic relations that society is based on: for example in capitalistic society a person is free to exploit wage, but labourers are not free to receive things like an education and health care in accordance to what they need; only in accordance to what they have to pay. In socialist society, a person is not free to exploit labourers (i.e. restrict the freedoms of labourers), but are free to own a more or less equal portion of the means of production in accordance to their own need and ability.
In hitherto existing Socialist states, like the Soviet Union and China, "negative freedoms" were severely restricted, while "positive freedoms" were advanced. All people had universal access to health care, full university education, etc, but people could only use those things they had in a particular way - in support of the government. In the most advanced capitalist governments, this relationship is the other way around: "positive freedoms" are restricted or do not exist all together, while "negative freedoms" are more advanced than ever before. A worker in capitalist society has the freedom to say whatever she believes, but she does not have the freedom to live if crippled by a disease regardless of how much money she has. A socialist society that has been established from a capitalist society will strengthen "negative freedoms", while ushering in real "positive freedoms" across the board, ensuring equal and free access to social services by all.
The fullest development of positive freedom is impossible however without a further development of negative freedom – people cannot be forced to be free.
Free activity for the Communists is the creative manifestation of life arising from the free development of all abilities of the whole person.
The German Ideology (Ch. 3abs)
Freedom can be attained only in and through the community. The development of real freedom always and everywhere means the restriction of the freedom of others to oppress and do wrong. Freedom for the vast majority necessarily means restriction of the freedom of a small minority to exploit the labour of others, destroy nature monopolise the social means of production and communication.
Freedom consists in converting the state from an organ superimposed upon society into one completely subordinate to it; and today, too, the forms of state are more free or less free to the extent that they restrict the "freedom of the state".
Critique of the Gotha Program, Chapter 4
Freedom is so much the essence of man that even its opponents implement it while combating its reality; they want to appropriate for themselves as a most precious ornament what they have rejected as an ornament of human nature.
No man combats freedom; at most he combats the freedom of others. Hence every kind of freedom has always existed, only at one time as a special privilege, at another as a universal right.
See also: Censorship
Freedom & Necessity:
Hegel was the first to state correctly the relation between freedom and necessity. To him, freedom is the insight into necessity. "Necessity is blind only in so far as it is not understood." Freedom does not consist in any dreamt-of independence from natural laws, but in the knowledge of these laws, and in the possibility this gives of systematically making them work towards definite ends. This holds good in relation both to the laws of external nature and to those which govern the bodily and mental existence of men themselves – two classes of laws which we can separate from each other at most only in thought but not in reality. Freedom of the will therefore means nothing but the capacity to make decisions with knowledge of the subject.
Therefore the freer a man's judgment is in relation to a definite question, the greater is the necessity with which the content of this judgment will be determined; while the uncertainty, founded on ignorance, which seems to make an arbitrary choice among many different and conflicting possible decisions, shows precisely by this that it is not free, that it is controlled by the very object it should itself control. Freedom therefore consists in the control over ourselves and over external nature, a control founded on knowledge of natural necessity; it is therefore necessarily a product of historical development.
The first men who separated themselves from the animal kingdom were in all essentials as unfree as the animals themselves, but each step forward in the field of culture was a step towards freedom. On the threshold of human history stands the discovery that mechanical motion can be transformed into heat: the production of fire by friction; at the close of the development so far gone through stands the discovery that heat can be transformed into mechanical motion: the steam-engine.
And, in spite of the gigantic liberating revolution in the social world which the steam-engine is carrying through, and which is not yet half completed, it is beyond all doubt that the generation of fire by friction has had an even greater effect on the liberation of mankind. For the generation of fire by friction gave man for the first time control over one of the forces of nature, and thereby separated him for ever from the animal kingdom. The steam-engine will never bring about such a mighty leap forward in human development, however important it may seem in our eyes as representing all those immense productive forces dependent on it -- forces which alone make possible a state of society in which there are no longer class distinctions or anxiety over the means of subsistence for the individual, and in which for the first time there can be talk of real human freedom, of an existence in harmony with the laws of nature that have become known. But how young the whole of human history still is, and how ridiculous it would be to attempt to ascribe any absolute validity to our present views, is evident from the simple fact that all past history can be characterised as the history of the epoch from the practical discovery of the transformation of mechanical motion into heat up to that of the transformation of heat into mechanical motion.
Frederick Engels Anti-Dühring, part 1, Hegel, Possibility and Contingency.
A concept originated in the mid-nineteenth century, Free Love meant an absence of legal ties rather than promiscuity, as frequently misunderstood and more frequently charged in the anti-socialist press. A mark of bohemianism until the 1960s, Free Love had become by the 1970s-80s a historical predecessor of the radical critique of sexuality notably carried on by feminist and homosexual liberation movements.
A number of the utopian movements, religious and nonreligious, had endorsed such sexual practices as celibacy, polygamy, and complex marriage which were at odds with Christian norms. Abolitionism reinforced incipient Free Loveism through a critique of southern sexual slavery. Free Love entered the socialist movement via spiritualism, a veritable hotbed of Free Love doctrine, when Victoria Woodhull endorsed Free Love in Woodhull & Claflin's. The open statement of such policies justified – in the eyes of Marx's American allies – the expulsion of the Woodhull group and its supporters from the First International. To the respectable public, Woodhull herself became "Mrs. Satan," mirror of socialism's infidel status, when she not only justified philosophically her own practices but also made known the affair of noted minister Henry Ward Beecher with the wife of prominent reform editor Theodore Tilton, an ally of Beecher. Meanwhile, among German freethinkers and socialists, Free Love continued to be practiced, especially among intellectuals, but only rarely was it articulated in theory.
Until the end of the century, anarchists of varying backgrounds carried on the Free Love agitation without notable socialist support. Moses Harman, Lois Waisbrooker and Ezra Heywood among other late nineteenth century individualist anarchists, conducted a vigorous protest of the 1873 Comstock Act, which prohibited broadly-interpreted "obscenity" from the mails. They meanwhile published periodicals such as Lucifer, the Light Bearer, pamphlets addressing questions of birth control, and a lively correspondence with the liberal press (such as the more open-minded of woman suffrage journals). Among the Germans, Robert Reitzel and his weekly Arme Teufel perhaps best captured the poetic possibilities of the entire subject, and placed it in the heroic traditions of German literature.
In the early years of the twentieth century, anarchist Emma Goldman became the celebrated spokesperson of the Free Love cause, the most popular speaker and the darling of the surviving anarchist groups. Antisocialist journals and lecturers meanwhile charged, despite the frequent denials of the Socialist Party, that socialism meant the end of the family. Casually at first, and then with some momentum, a movement of cosmopolitan intellectuals within or around the Socialist Party began to revive the subject in another light, attaining their major influence in Greenwich Village and the Masses magazine. With their philosopher the English homosexual writer, Edward Carpenter, their international sexologist Havelock Ellis, and such noted writers as Upton Sinclair providing literary credence, they marshalled a powerful case for Free Love as the soul of modernity.
The splintering of the Socialist movement and the rise of a Communist movement with little concern for personal (especially women's) issues once more thrust Free Love issues back into private life-except for anti-communists, who predictably charged that young revolutionary Russia had "nationalized" its women. During the 1920s, American bohemianism meanwhile gained a mass following of sorts, mostly hedonistic but connected in part with the Harlem Renaissance and the wish to escape the stifling American commercial culture. A small group of Left intellectuals around the Modern Quarterly, seeking to integrate sexology into a heavily anthropological "science of society," had little short-run impact upon the Left political movement. They did, however, help to keep alive a sexual element in the radical attack upon American racism. While Leninist workerism forbade the open return of the Free Love subject, a subterranean connection had already been made between interracialism and the principles of Free Love. Further connections, with jazz, poetry and anti-war sentiments, flourished in the bohemian and Beat movements of the late 1940s to early 1960s, with Free Love (including homosexuality) a measure of cultural bravado and a practical arrangement for transient lifestyles.
During the later 1960s, revolt against the Vietnam War, the overall Youth Culture sensibility and the commercial sexualization of culture together conspired to return Free Love toward the center of the radical picture. "Make Love Not War," a slogan of Antiquity renewed by John Lennon and Yoko Ono among others, seemingly embodied the ultimate rejection of capitalist culture. An evocative photo of a young couple kissing at the barricades of May, 1969, Paris, became overnight an icon of popular New Left sentiment.
The women's liberation movement, following upon the efflorescence and decline of youth culture, made a strident critique of Free Love as practiced by the New Left. These objections, mounted in polemical essays and pamphlets, themselves become important new statements of Free Love principles. A proposed permanent revolution of sex radicalism to overthrow patriarchal practices wherever they occurred, the Feminist view of sexuality led directly to the commentaries by gay and lesbian spokespersons on the authoritarianism of heterosexual domination, and to widespread movements to decriminalize homosexual activity.
By the 1980s, gay liberation had become inseparable from other issues on the Left, substantially because gay activists had become a presence in virtually every field of struggle. At times and places (such as San Francisco), major gay political figures served doubly as socialist influentials. Meanwhile, Free Love (in the sense of an absence of legal bonds) had become paradoxically impeccable in Left (and liberal) attitudes toward private life, and somewhat more scarce in the practice of generations seeking economic and emotional security.
Mari Jo Buhle
Free Trade and Protectionism
Free Trade vs. Protectionism has been the principal axis of political struggle within the capitalism class since it achieved political power. The Free-traders favour removal of tariffs and other barriers to the flow of commodities and capital, whilst the Protectionists favour restriction of trade in order to protect themselves from the impact of cheaper commodities imported from elsewhere.
The Free-traders have always been based in that section of the bourgeoisie whose capital is well-placed to profit from export and stands to benefit by a reduction of the cost of living, and consequently wages, as a result of the importation of cheap foreign goods. The Protectionists have always been based in that section of the bourgeoisie who cannot hope to compete with cheap foreign imports.
In 18th and 19th century Britain, the Free-traders were industrialists, while the Protectionists were farmers, but in 20th century Australia, for example, the manufacturers were the Protectionists while the Free-traders were based in agribusiness.
Free-trade versus protectionism is fundamentally a struggle within the bourgeoisie, but the workers are always the first casualties of battle either way.
In the early 19th century, the battle between free-traders and protectionists in England played an important role in the development of industry and the industrial proletariat. The central issue in the dispute were the Corn Laws, which protected the farmers from cheap foreign corn, but since the price of corn was the single biggest contributor to the cost of living for workers, the Corn Laws were responsible for high wage costs and therefore lower profits for manufacturing.
The Chartists joined the industrialists to pressure successfully for the Repeal of the Corn Laws, and then subsequently, assisted the protectionist Tories in forcing the Ten Hours Bill onto the industrialists as an act of revenge!
In his Speech on Free Trade, Marx identified free trade as the current which would open up the world market, break down parochialism and in the long term would hasten the growth and solidarity of the working class:
"The English workers have made the English free-traders realise that they are not the dupes of their illusions or of their lies; and if, in spite of this, the workers made common cause with them against the landlords, it was for the purpose of destroying the last remnants of feudalism and in order to have only one enemy left to deal with. The workers have not miscalculated, for the landlords, in order to revenge themselves upon the manufacturers, made common cause with the workers to carry the Ten Hours' Bill, which the latter had been vainly demanding for 30 years, and which was passed immediately after the repeal of the Corn Laws." [On the Question of Free Trade]
Marx concluded his speech on free trade as follows:
"To sum up, what is free trade, what is free trade under the present condition of society? It is freedom of capital. When you have overthrown the few national barriers which still restrict the progress of capital, you will merely have given it complete freedom of action. So long as you let the relation of wage labour to capital exist, it does not matter how favourable the conditions under which the exchange of commodities takes place, there will always be a class which will exploit and a class which will be exploited. ...
"Do not imagine, gentlemen, that in criticising freedom of trade we have the least intention of defending the system of protection. One may declare oneself an enemy of the constitutional regime without declaring oneself a friend of the ancient regime.
"Moreover, the protectionist system is nothing but a means of establishing large-scale industry in any given country, that is to say, of making it dependent upon the world market, and from the moment that dependence upon the world market is established, there is already more or less dependence upon free trade. .... They serve the bourgeoisie as weapons against feudalism and absolute government, as a means for the concentration of its own powers and for the realisation of free trade within the same country.
"But, in general, the protective system of our day is conservative, while the free trade system is destructive. It breaks up old nationalities and pushes the antagonism of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie to the extreme point. In a word, the free trade system hastens the social revolution. It is in this revolutionary sense alone, gentlemen, that I vote in favour of free trade." [On the Question of Free Trade]
Free trade assisted in a double way in establishing capitalism in Western Europe – by facilitating the importation of cheap agricultural produce to benefit the expansion of industry, and wiping out the more conservative sections of the feudal classes, and by smashing up the handicrafts and indigenous industries in the countries which were to be subjugated and exploited for raw materials and cheap labour.
The late-developers in world capitalism, such as Germany and Japan, because of free trade, had to compete with the cheap mass-produced products of British industry, and this forced the development of more efficient methods of production.
The Great Powers kept their own colonies as exclusive domains for their own exploitation and "free trade" never extended to these colonies. With the exhaustion of new sources of cheap labour and raw materials at the end of the 19th century, the epoch of Imperialism opened, and Europe descended into World War for a redistribution of possessions. Neo-colonialism is the method of imperialist domination favoured by the U.S.A., in which these colonial possessions of the old colonial powers are opened up to free trade.
The inter-war years were a time of all-out trade war, competitive devaluation of currencies, rampant protectionism coupled with bi-lateral trade agreements in which countries offered preferential terms of trade to each other while excluding others. World trade became more and more restricted and the Wall Street Crash of 1929 brought the whole system of world trade to a halt.
After a decade of Depression, a new War was fought for a new redistribution of markets and colonies. The IMF, GATT and World Bank set up at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944 were aimed, not only at rebuilding after the devastation of the War, but of overcoming the protectionism and monetary chaos of the inter-war years, and opening up the European colonies for exploitation by U.S. capitalism.
The post World War Two decades saw the gradual extension of "free trade", but the world market always producers winners and losers, and by the mid-1960s the consensus on which the Bretton Woods agreements were based began to break down.
As ever, those sections of the bourgeoisie who stand to gain from Free Trade advocate "Freedom", and those sections of the bourgeoisie who stand to lose out advocate "protection".
Index of the Letter F | Encyclopedia of Marxism


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the stored data using `remove()`.
following the process through [until the client removes the data].
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Industry Insight: Checking Up on Healthcare Security
Modern threats putting healthcare organization at risk, how they're improving their security posture, and where many fall short.
At a time when organizations across all industries fear data breaches and cyberattacks, those in healthcare have greater reason to be on edge. Troves of sensitive health data, a wealth of connected medical devices, and poor risk management practices make healthcare a hot target.
Between 2009 and 2018, there have been 2,546 healthcare data breaches involving more than 500 records, HIPAA Journal reports. These incidents have led to the exposure of 189,945,874 healthcare records. While 2015 has been the worst year on record, with some 113.3 million records exposed, there has been a general upward trend in the amount of compromised data.
For cybercriminals, health data is far more valuable than other types of information they sell for profit. A protected health information (PHI) record, for example, is worth 100 times as much as a credit card number on the Dark Web, Bugcrowd states in its recently published "State of Healthcare Security 2019" report. More than half of healthcare organizations lack strong confidence in medical device security.
Organizations that handle PHI must have physical, network, and operational security measures to ensure HIPAA compliance. Checking the boxes isn't easy: Despite standards like ISO/IEC 800001 and the NIST Cybersecurity Framework pushing to change healthcare tech, the industry's increasing digitization is putting sensitive data at risk.
"The big issue is the widespread use of medical devices and IoT devices connected through the Internet," says Dr. Larry Ponemon, chairman and founder of the Ponemon Institute, which published "The Economic Impact of Third-Party Risk Management in Healthcare" on behalf of Censinet. Large healthcare organizations like the Cleveland Clinic are taking this seriously and investing more resources into securing their devices; however, smaller institutions typically can't afford to do the same.
Cloud adoption is another barrier in healthcare. "For a long time, healthcare organizations have been laggards in terms of deployment to the cloud," Ponemon explains, as many feared data would fall into the wrong hands. While more have realized the cloud can strengthen security, bringing applications to the cloud requires a formal process to reduce the risk of migration.
"Most organizations don't have the resources or internal knowledge to do that very well," he adds. "It's creating a lot of internal risk during these transitions." Researchers found 72% of 554 healthcare IT and security pros say increasing reliance on third-party connected medical devices is risky, and 68% say moving to the cloud while connecting these devices creates significant risk.
Risk management was the crux of the Ponemon Institute's research, which specifically digs into how partnerships with third-party organizations are a growing threat to healthcare data. Third-party vendor incidents cost the industry $23.7 billion annually, they report.
Partnerships Come at a Price
Each data breach costs healthcare providers $2.9 million, Ponemon researchers found, which is far less than the $3.8 million in hidden costs related to managing vendor risk. In the last two years, 56% of healthcare firms have suffered a breach introduced by one or more vendors.
A recent example was reported this week: The Nemadji Research Corp., which contracts with the L.A. County Department of Health Services, was hit with a phishing attack that allowed external actors to access medical information belonging to 14,591 patients. Data included names, addresses, birth dates, medical record numbers, and Medi-Cal identification numbers.
"A constant finding was that most organizations have a really hard time managing vendors or just in general, third-party relationships," says Ponemon. Eighty percent say prioritizing vendor risk is very important, but only 36% say it's very effective. More than half (52%) allocate an average of 17% of their budget to vendor risk management. The average organization has 3.21 full-time staffers spending 500+ hours each month on vendor risk assessment, they report.
All respondents in the survey had a vendor risk assessment program in place; however, these had security gaps. Researchers found vendor risk management controls and practices are only partially deployed or not deployed at all. When assessments are conducted, 60% don't find the information valuable and many don't act on it: only one-third of respondents would mitigate security gaps, and 28% would terminate a relationship with a vendor that didn't meet standards.
"The whole idea of an assessment is to recognize the negative and positive things vendors are doing, and doing [this] in a way that helps change the organization's process when they identify a practice that is unacceptable or doesn't meet the control standard," Ponemon says.
Catching and Squashing Healthcare Bugs
Nearly all medical devices are, in some way, connected to the Internet, the Bugcrowd report says. It's one of many factors healthcare cybersecurity teams are worried about, along with a rise in mobile digital health applications and electronic patient records moving to the cloud.
From 2017 to 2018, researchers saw 340.6% growth in vulnerability submissions for healthcare organizations. Bugcrowd chief security officer David Baker partly attributes this to rapid adoption of crowdsourced security. "The speed at which healthcare is adopting crowdsourced security [is] much faster than I've seen them adopt other security solutions," he says. While medical devices aren't yet included in bug bounty programs, websites, and mobile apps are.
Most organizations are concerned about the loss of PHI, and the loss of personally identifiable information (PII) that correlates with the PHI, Baker says. More health companies are connecting APIs into health applications, which collect patient data to send to physicians. The loss of PHI is "pretty catastrophic," he adds, citing the penalties and fines associated with it.
Nearly 75% of healthcare program submissions involve website targets, Baker says, a large majority compared with IoT (4.8%), Android (3.6%), and API (3%). About 42% fell in the P3-level criticality, 12.2% were classified P1 (highest severity), and 11.3% classified P5 (lowest severity).
P3 vulnerabilities are considered to be medium severity, he explains. They don't necessarily relate to PHI or PII disclosure, but they relate to details of the app itself. These bugs might involve cross-site scripting or request forgery; they're often found in Web-facing technologies. When multiple P3s are chained together, it can lead to potentially severe consequences.
While the trend of crowdsourced security indicates healthcare organizations have security, Baker says they also need to strengthen their ability to address the vulnerabilities they find.
The Truth About Your Software Supply Chain
Why You Need a Global View of IT Assets
Organizations Are Adapting Authentication for Cloud Applications
Financial Impact of Cybercrime Exceeded $45B in 2018
Black Hat USA returns to Las Vegas with hands-on technical Trainings, cutting-edge Briefings, Arsenal open-source tool demonstrations, top-tier security solutions, and service providers in the Business Hall. Click for information on the conference and to register.
Kelly Sheridan is the Staff Editor at Dark Reading, where she focuses on cybersecurity news and analysis. She is a business technology journalist who previously reported for InformationWeek, where she covered Microsoft, and Insurance & Technology, where she covered financial ... View Full Bio
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tdsan,
User Rank: Ninja
7/16/2019 | 10:05:22 AM
Are Hospitals part of GDPR?
From my understanding, most organizations are part of this GDPR group? Health care agencies have experienced a number of hacks where they have lost more PII data than any organizational group.
If this aspect is one of their main concerns, why don't they bring in third-party consultants to address some of their issues? A number of health-care agencies have a direct relationship with the university's CIS or IT divisions. It would make sense to tap into that knowledge base on campus (i.e. CIS - Computer Information Systems). The university's IT group could help address some of the IT security issues, not sure if they are but it would be interesting to see what they are doing to protect this data?
Please review the top NAC solutions (comparison listed below), it is imperative because NACs ensure isolated access to medical devices.
NAC Device Comparison Reference
Per the conversations on DR (Dark Reading), it is imperative to put the medical devices on their own network (network segmentation), then route all of the traffic from the various devices to managing switches (daisy chain or cluster them together). By isolating the traffic, the hospital could filter access to the medical devices (i.e. Med-Dev, made it up) to only to their management systems and staff, nothing else. This process could limit the external attack by reducing the hospital's attack surface. Also, I would suggest the following as a possible solution:
Enable IPv6 on the endpoint devices (ensure they come that way)
Enable IPv6 AES256 ESP/AH VPN connections to the devices (encrypt the traffic sessions)
Ask the vendor if there is a way to limit the traffic to the mgmt. servers to only allow certain ports or ask if the ports can be modified for NMS monitoring
Standardize equipment purchases but keep options open for enhanced or different versions
Create a test environment to monitor traffic to and from the NAC (Network Access Control) devices
Physically separate the guest network for waiting areas (isolate the production, device, mgmt, and admin network)
Harden the mgmt. servers and follow NIST 800-Rev4/5 guidelines
The vendor needs to support IPv6, most of the hack attempts identified have occurred on IPv4 and not IPv6 (Russia, China, North Korea, Iran, Japan).
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As cyber threats grow, many organizations are building security operations centers (SOCs) to improve their defenses. In this Tech Digest you will learn tips on how to get the most out of a SOC in your organization - and what to do if you can't afford to build one.
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Your enterprise's cyber risk may depend upon the relationship between the IT team and the security team. Here's some insight on what's working – and what isn't – in the data center.
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In qBittorrent before 4.1.7, the function Application::runExternalProgram() located in app/application.cpp allows command injection via shell metacharacters in the torrent name parameter or current tracker parameter, as demonstrated by remote command execution via a crafted name within an RSS feed.
There is an information disclosure vulnerability on Secure Input of certain Huawei smartphones in Versions earlier than Tony-AL00B 9.1.0.216(C00E214R2P1). The Secure Input does not properly limit certain system privilege. An attacker tricks the user to install a malicious application and successful ...
A vulnerability in the Cisco FindIT Network Management Software virtual machine (VM) images could allow an unauthenticated, local attacker who has access to the VM console to log in to the device with a static account that has root privileges. The vulnerability is due to the presence of an account w...
A vulnerability in the 802.11r Fast Transition (FT) implementation for Cisco IOS Access Points (APs) Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected interface. The vulnerability is due to a lack of complete error handling conditi...
A vulnerability in Cisco Small Business SPA500 Series IP Phones could allow a physically proximate attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the device. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation in the device configuration interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by access...
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Below you will find links to company and product information for manufacturers and suppliers in Sweets matching the term Manufacturer-Johns-Manville-Roofing-Systems.
This page is designed to meet the needs of architects and design professionals who are researching, comparing, selecting and specifying products. Below you will find links to product information for manufacturers and suppliers matching the term Manufacturer-Johns-Manville-Roofing-Systems. Each product presentation is designed for the construction industry professional and displayed in a consistent manner. Content categories include: project galleries, specifications, BIM objects, CAD details, 3D Models, product catalogs and green product information. Note to Building Product Manufacturers: Our goal is to include all manufacturers who are providing building product information in Sweets. If your company is missing or you have noticed a mistake in one of the listings, please contact us us today. Sweets is meant to be the most comprehensive and useful tool for finding building products information. Your feedback will help to ensure that design professionals obtain the information they need in the most useful form and help building product manufacturers to improve their content.
Description: JM EPDM Peel & Stick Inside/Outside Corners consist of 60 mil thick (1.5 mm) uncured flashing with a pre-applied peel and stick tape.
Description: JM EPDM Metal/Membrane Flashing is a specially designed and manufactured flashing for sealing and waterproofing JM EPDM roofing systems where they join an adjacent bituminous roof membrane.
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Q: How to set up Vue 3 Firebase project on MacOS I am attempting to set up a VueJS Authentication app using Vue 3 and Firebase on my Mac Mini and Macbook. I have gone through the steps to add Firebase to my VueCLI project, by inputting npm install firebase in the terminal after cd-ing to the project. after running npm install firebase, Firebase appears as a dependency in package.json. However, after importing firebase and adding the firebaseConfig (from my firebase dashboard) to main.js, as well as importing firebase into App.vue, I get an error in the terminal saying:
This dependency was not found:

* firebase in ./src/main.js

To install it, you can run: npm install --save firebase

This appears to happen only when attempting to run a Vue/Firebase project on MacOS. What is the proper way to install Firebase on a VueCLI project when running that project on MacOS? Thanks.


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Past volumes
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Vol. 63 (2010) /
<i>Beauveria brongniartii</i> a potential biocontrol agent for use against manuka beetle larvae damaging dairy pastures on Cape Foulwind
R.J. Townsend
T.L. Nelson
T.A. Jackson
https://doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6572
Manuka beetles (Pyronota sp; Scarabaeidae) are serious and persistent pests of dairy pastures on Cape Foulwind Westport When a selection of scarabactive fungal isolates were tested against 3rd instar larvae of two Pyronota species a locally sourced Beauveria brongniartii (F636) isolate consistently achieved the fastest and highest levels of larval mortality Topical application of F636 caused an average of 80 larval mortality 6 weeks posttreatment Mortality was shown to be dose rate dependent for both Pyronota species When treatments were applied by incorporating rice grains colonised by the fungus into soil simulating field application F636 again produced the fastest and highest levels of larval mortalities averaging 70 6 weeks postapplication Mortalities of both Pyronota species reached 100 after 8 weeks when the assay medium was a grey sand based soil (ex Cape Foulwind) Isolate F636 shows promise as a biological control agent for this pest and field trials have been carried out in the autumn of 2010
Townsend, R.J., T.L. Nelson, and T.A. Jackson. "<i>Beauveria brongniartii</i≫ a Potential Biocontrol Agent for Use Against Manuka Beetle Larvae Damaging Dairy Pastures on Cape Foulwind". New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (August 1, 2010): 224–228. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://journal.nzpps.org/index.php/nzpp/article/view/6572.
S. Mansfield, R.J. Townsend, C.M. Ferguson, N.K. Richards, S.D.G. Marshall, Porina flight activity and larval distribution in pastures on the West Coast of the South Island , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 70 (2017)
M. O'Callaghan, J. Swaminathan, J. Lottmann, D.A. Wright, T.A. Jackson, Seed coating with biocontrol strain Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 59 (2006)
V.W. Johnson, J. Pearson, T.A. Jackson, Formulation of Serratia entomophila for biological control of grass grub , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 54 (2001)
D.A. Wright, J. Swaminathan, M. Blaser, T.A. Jackson, Carrot seed coating with bacteria for seedling protection from grass grub damage , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 58 (2005)
R.J. Townsend, T.A. Jackson, C.M. Ferguson, J.R. Proffitt, M.W.A. Slay, J. Swaminathan, S. Day, E.M. Gerard, M. O'Callaghan, V.W. Johnson, Establishment of Serratia entomophila after application of a new formulation for grass grub control , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 57 (2004)
T.L. Nelson, M.R. McNeill, C. van_Koten, S.L. Goldson, Comparative virulence of Beauveria bassiana isolates against clover root weevil (Sitona obsoletus) , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 68 (2015)
S.M. Zydenbos, R.J. Townsend, P.M.S. Lane, S. Mansfield, M. O?Callaghan, C. van_Koten, T.A. Jackson, Effect of Serratia entomophila and diazinon applied with seed against grass grub populations on the North Island volcanic plateau , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 69 (2016)
A.J. Popay, R.J. Townsend, L.R. Fletcher, The effect of endophyte (Neotyphodium uncinatum) in meadow fescue on grass grub larvae , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 56 (2003)
M.-C. Lefort, A.C. McKinnon, T.L. Nelson, T.R. Glare, Natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana as a vertically transmitted endophyte of Pinus radiata and its effect on above and belowground insect pests , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 69 (2016)
T.R. Glare, C. Placet, T.L. Nelson, S.D. Reay, Potential of Beauveria and Metarhizium as control agents of pinhole borers (Platypus spp) , New Zealand Plant Protection: Vol. 55 (2002)
© 2019 New Zealand Plant Protection Society (Inc.)


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PDFO RESOURCES
PDF RESOURCE GUIDE
A Guide for Postdoctoral Fellows, the handbook for UBC PDFs, provides basic information and advice for prospective and current PDFs. It should facilitate your transition to UBC, and help to ensure that you have a satisfying and rewarding experience.
Download A Guide for Postdoctoral Fellows
Much of the information in this handbook is from the Faculty Relations website and in the Postdoctoral Fellows Office (PDFO) website. Please check these websites for more detailed information and to check for current language and developments. UBC operates according to policies, practices and procedures that may change from time to time. Contained herein are policies and resources pertinent to PDFs. PDFs may also be subject to additional policies that are specific to their departments or funding agencies. The official University of British Columbia Postdoctoral Policy, contained in Policy AP10, can be found within the list of policies on the University Counsel website.
POSTDOC PROFILES & DIRECTORY
Please ensure that you complete a Postdoc profile to describe your research project and expertise.Various offices and external entities may use the expertise search to identify experts at UBC, for example - media inquiries, research collaborators, prospective employers, government offices or other similar stakeholders. We strongly believe that these Postdoctoral profiles will provide numerous benefits to all of our UBC Postdoctoral Fellows. Additionally, your profile will appear in an internal Postdoc directory.
How to Find the Right Place for your Ph.D or Postdoc (Elisabeth Pain, Science Magazine, September 10, 2018)
Coming to the US for a postdoc? – If I had known, part II (Elena Blanco-Suárez, Naturejobs, March 6, 2018)
Do You Need a Postdoc? (Stephanie K. Eberle, Carpe Careers, Inside Higher Ed, September 10, 2018)
Resources for finding a postoc abroad (The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, July 13, 2018)
Professional and Career Development
A Portable Career Coach (Hanaa Hairi, The POSTDOCket, National Postdoctoral Association, Vol. 16, Issue No. 1, January 2018)
Standing at the Crossroads: When PhDs Abandon the Tenure Track Faculty Career Path (Dara Wilson-Grant, The POSTDOCket, National Postdoctoral Association, Vol. 16, Issue No. 1, January 2018)
The Academic Job Interview: Three Do's and Don'ts When Preparing for a Teaching Demonstration (Barbi Honeycutt, The POSTDOCket, National Postdoctoral Association, Issue No. 17, Vol. 6, June 2019)
Visualizing detailed postdoctoral employment trends using a new career outcome taxonomy (Hong Xu, Richard S T Gilliam, Shyamal D Peddada, Gregory M Buchold & Tammy R L Collins, Nature Biotechnology, January 15, 2018)
CURRENT POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS
Postdoctoral Fellows may be eligible for health benefits, which include BC Medical Services Plan, Extended Health, Dental and the Employee and Family Assistance Program. If you have any questions about your benefits eligibility or your enrollment, please contact your department administrator.
Information about Benefits, including eligibility and coverage, is available on the UBC Human Resources website.
Housing and Relocation
Housing & Relocation Services helps with the smooth transition of new faculty, postdocs, staff and their families who are relocating to UBC. The office is an excellent first point of contact for those moving or who have recently moved, providing resources, support and events to help situate you in your new surroundings. Please contact the Housing & Relocation Services office for assistance with your relocation.
The Postdoctoral Fellows Office offers free professional development events that are available to all UBC-appointed Postdoctoral Fellows. Any questions about PDFO events can be directed to postdoctoral.fellows@ubc.ca.
In addition to the PDFO's professional development events, UBC-appointed postdoctoral fellows may also be eligible to access the following professional development resources:
Free, high-quality digital tutorials and courses through LinkedIn Learning. Please contact support.wpl@ubc.ca for information about LinkedIn Learning at UBC.
Individual coaching through the Coaching @ UBC Program. Please contact coaching@hr.ubc.ca for information about the Coaching @ UBC Program.
Workshops and programs on a variety of topics, such as increasing research productivity, dissertation success, and maintaining work-life balance, as well as networking opportunities, through the National Center for Faculty Development and Diversity (NCFDD). To create an account:
Visit UBC's page at www.facultydiversity.org/institutions/ubc.
Click "Activate my Membership". Please note you will need an email address ending in "ubc.ca".
Create a profile.
You should then be able to sign-in anytime to access the programs.
If you have any problems creating your profile or accessing the site, please contact: membership@facultydiversity.org
Individual Development Plan (IDP) Tools
In addition to the professional development opportunities offered through UBC, the following free Individual Development Plan (IDP) tools may be of interest:
For postdocs in Health: Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) IDP Tools
For postdocs in the Humanities and Social Sciences: ImaginePhD (www.imaginephd.com)
For postdocs in the Sciences: myIDP (myidp.sciencecareers.org)
For all postdocs: Verastile PhD (https://versatilephd.com/)
HEALTH AND WELLBEING RESOURCES
There are a number of free health, mental health, and wellbeing resources available to Postdoctoral Fellows at UBC.
Internal UBC Resources:
Employee and Family Assistance Program (EFAP) - Free Confidential Counselling and Support Services
Mental health resources are available for currently-appointed UBC Postdoctoral Fellows through the Employee and Family Assistance Program (EFAP). This confidential and voluntary counselling support service, provided through LifeWorks, is available in multiple languages and formats, and counsellors can help with a range of issues including stress, depression, anxiety, and relationship issues. The LifeWorks Care Access Centre is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week at 1-866-424-0770 or through https://ubc.lifeworks.com.
The UBC community offers a number of opportunities to learn mindfulness and practice meditation in the 30-Day Online Mindfulness Challenge and Meditation groups at UBC. Visit the UBC Human Resources website for information and meditation resources.
Substance Use and Addiction Support Resources
For people who struggle with substance use and addictions, it can sometimes be difficult to seek out help and support. If you are looking for help, or you want to support someone you know in finding assistance, the following resources are available.
On-Demand Substance Use Support by ALAViDA TRAiL
The ALAViDA TRAiL is your one-stop-shop to a life where you're in control of your relationship with substances - no matter if you're just curious, or facing mild, moderate or severe challenges. You can access ALAViDA directly from your smartphone. No awkward conversations, no shame and 100% confidential.
Learn through self-guided resources, or message and meet coaches, therapists and physicians who deliver a personalized program proven to reduce substance use. All supported by a wide range of digital resources – from journaling to activities that help you reach your goals. Along the way, master vital coping skills to manage depression, anxiety and difficult emotions.
Supporting Mental Health in the Workplace: Not Myself Today
Since 2015, UBC has been an active participant of the Canadian Mental Health Association's Not Myself Today (NMT) Initiative. NMT includes digital toolkits and activities, online learning tools, and resources.
For more information, visit the Central Human Resources website.
UBC Mental Health and Wellbeing Events and Resources
UBC Human Resources offers a series of free health and wellbeing events and resources. For more information and to register, visit the Central HR website and the Healthy UBC Newsletter online or subscribe to the emailed Healthy UBC newsletter.
24/7 BC Crisis Centre
The BC Crisis Centre provides confidential, non-judgmental, free emotional support, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, for people experiencing feelings of distress or despair. Their Distress Services are a resource where youth and adults in distress can:
GET HELP by having a real-time online chat with a trained volunteer, or by getting email support from the Crisis Centre's professional staff
LEARN MORE about common issues and concerns such as bullying, disordered eating, depression and self-harm
FIND RESOURCES by connecting to our online library of useful websites and community resources
The Crisis Centre's Phone Distress Services are available if you are worried about something, feel upset or confused, or you just want to talk to someone. The phone lines below are available in over 140 languages using a language service.
Greater Vancouver: 604-872-3311
1-800-SUICIDE: 1-800-784-2433
Senior's Distress: 604-872-1234
CrisisCentreChat.ca is a web-based hotline for adults (25+) in distress where they can access free, confidential, non-judgmental support (noon – 1am, 7 days a week) from dedicated volunteers, supported by a small team of professional staff.
24/7 Crisis Services Canada
Crisis Services Canada provides a safe place to talk - any time, in your own way. If you are having thoughts of suicide, you don't have to face them alone. This service is available if you need a safe and judgement free place to talk. Our responders are here to listen to you, support you, and keep you safe. Crisis Services Canada can help you understand your thoughts and feelings, and connect you with local support resources, but are ultimately here to listen and share this difficult moment with you.
Phone: 1.833.456.4566 - available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year
Text Message: Send a text to 45645 - available 4:00 PM - 12:00 AM Eastern Time. Standard text messaging rates apply.
Access & Assessment Centre (AAC) - Vancouver General Hospital
The Access & Assessment Centre (AAC) is available to help individuals, their family members, and/or their friends during a non-life threatening mental health and/or substance use issue. AAC staff includes registered nurses, registered psychiatric nurses, and social workers, psychiatrists and reception staff who are here to help. We provide pathways for people and families to access VCH mental health and/or substance use services in Vancouver and offer an alternative to the Emergency department for people having a non-life threatening mental health and/or substance use issue.
Call (604) 675-3700 or walk in between 7:30 a.m. - 11 p.m.
Joseph & Rosalie Segal & Family Health Centre
Level 1 East Entrance
Vancouver, BC V5Z 1N1
Entrance located at the back of health centre building; access through laneway/service road.
British Columbia Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions
The Ministry of Mental Health and Addictions is the Government of British Columbia's pathway for mental health and substance use supports across BC. Visit http://wellbeing.gov.bc.ca for a collection of resources on a wide variety of subjects including alcohol and drug information referral services.
Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) Online Support Programs
The Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) offers a number of free online mental health support programs. These programs include:
BounceBack: Offers weekly calls and homework with a personal coach to combat depression, anxiety, stress, and worry.
Living Life to the Full: An interactive, 8-week online course based on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy delivered in 90-minute sessions. Available for adults and for youth ages 13-18.
The CMHA is regularly adding support resources to their website. Please visit the CMHA website for more information and to access these supports.
First Nations and Inuit Hope for Wellness Helpline
The Hope for Wellness Help Line offers immediate mental health counselling and crisis intervention to all Indigenous peoples across Canada.
Call the toll-free Help Line at 1-855-242-3310, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, or use their chat box below to connect with a counsellor on-line
Experienced and culturally competent Help Line counsellors can help if you:
want to talk
are distressed
have strong emotional reactions
are triggered by painful memories
If asked, counsellors can also work with you to find other wellness supports that are available near you
Phone and chat counselling is available in English and French. On request, phone counselling is also available in:
HealthLink BC
HealthLink BC's health service navigators can help you find health information or health services, or connect you with a nurse, dietitian, exercise professional, or pharmacist. Translation services are available in over 130 languages. To get service in another language, simply state the language you are looking for (example say "Punjabi"), and an interpreter will join the call.
Call 8-1-1 to speak with a navigator anytime of the day or night. If your telephone service provider is not able to support the 8-1-1 number, the service can be accessed by calling 604-215-8110.
Medimap BC
Medimap.ca is Canada's largest and fastest growing online resource for connecting patients with same-day access to care. Currently, over 900 medical clinics in 5 provinces update their wait times to Medimap.ca in order to improve access to care for their patients.
The following community resources are available to provide substance use and addiction support:
HealthLink BC: Mental health and substance use information
StopOverdoseBC.ca: Overdose awareness and support
Toward the Heart (BC Centre for Disease Control): Harm reduction and overdose response
Here to Help: Mental health and alcohol and other drug use information
Wellness Together Canada
Wellness Together Canada provides connections to mental health and substance use support, resources, and counselling with a mental health professional. This hub allows you to choose from a variety of resources to motivate and support your wellness journey. Wellness Together Canada provides tailored support programs and general resources for adults and for youth.
Visit the Wellness Together website for additional information and supports.
ADMINISTRATORS & SUPERVISORS
Policy AP10, Postdoctoral Fellows
Postdoctoral Fellows at UBC fall under UBC Policy AP10, Postdoctoral Fellows. The official University of British Columbia Postdoctoral Policy can be found on the Office of the University Counsel website.
Recruiting Postdoctoral Fellows
Information about recruiting Postdoctoral Fellows can be found on the Human Resources website.
Each department/unit is responsible for covering the cost of benefits for eligible Postdoctoral Fellows. Generally, benefits are paid out of the Supervisor/PI's project grant. The Benefits Cost Calculator provided by Payroll can assist you in estimating the cost of a Postdoctoral Fellow's benefits and statutory deductions.
Detailed information about benefits for eligible Postdoctoral Fellows can be found on the Human Resources website.
Immigration Process
Detailed information about the immigration process for foreign Postdoctoral Fellows is available on the Human Resources website.
All Postdoctoral Fellows must hold a formal appointment at UBC. The appointment process is followed regardless of funding source. Initial PDF appointments are typically made one year at a time, and are renewable up to 3 years (appointments may be renewable up to 5 years in total with the Dean's written approval).
Appointments are done at the departmental level, and information about the appointment process and requirements is available on the Human Resources website.
Offer Letters for Postdoctoral Fellows
Offer letters are required for Postdoctoral Fellows. The following offer letter templates are available:
Postdoctoral Fellows - Regular Earnings (REG) (.doc)
Postdoctoral Fellows - Fellowship Earnings (PFL, formerly FEL) (.doc)
Honorary Postdoctoral Fellows (including NUF/Non-University Fund Earnings) (.doc)
Postdoctoral Teaching Fellows (.doc)
PDFO Welcome Letter
In addition to the offer letter required by Faculty Relations, the PDFO requests that all units provide each incoming postdoc with a copy of the Welcome Letter provided by the PDFO. This Welcome Letter includes important information about Benefits, Housing and Relocation, Faculty Relations, and Orientation for new postdocs, as well as information about the PDFO and the UBC Postdoctoral Association.
PDFO Welcome Letter (.PDF)
Please contact the PDFO with any questions about the Welcome Letter.
UBC Administrators Workshop
The PDFO and Faculty Relations offer a joint workshop for Administrators. The workshop will cover a variety of topics related to postdocs which will include: the appointment process, benefits, immigration, onboarding and resources.
Conflict Resolution and PDF Coordinators
UBC's official process for resolution of disagreements is found in Policy AP10.
Open and frequent communication between you and your supervising faculty member is the best way to avoid conflict. To resolve a disagreement between you and your supervising faculty member is to recognize it when it first arises, and collaborate immediately on finding a solution. If unresolved, disagreements should be brought to the attention of the head of your academic unit.
If further resolution is needed, contact your Faculty's PDF Coordinator, who will act as an impartial facilitator. PDF Coordinators for each Faculty are as follows:
Allard School of Law: Dr. Graham J. Reynolds
Applied Science: Dr. Davide Elmo
Arts: Dr. Christiane Hoppmann
Dentistry: Dr. Jolanta Aleksejuniene
Education: Dr. Patricia Duff
Forestry: Dr. Shannon Hagerman
Land and Food Systems: Dr. Sumeet Gulati
Medicine: Dr. Calvin Roskelley
Pharmaceutical Sciences: Dr. Thomas Chang
Sauder School of Business: Dr. John Ries
Science: Dr. Mark MacLachlan
Faculty PDF Coordinators or Postdoctoral Fellows at UBC Vancouver may refer an issue to the Postdoctoral Fellows Office.
For assistance with the appointment process, please contact Faculty Relations.
For assistance with Benefits, please contact Human Resources.
For assistance with Payroll, please contact the appropriate Faculty Payroll Representative.
For assistance with immigration-related issues, please contact Housing and Relocation Services.
For assistance with your particular appointment, please contact your department administrator.
For information about the UBC Postdoctoral Association, please contact the UBC PDA.
For all other enquiries, please contact us at postdoctoral.fellows@ubc.ca.


This really cute candle measures 7" tall by 2.25" wide and makes a great gift to give your girls to thank them for being a part of your very special day.
This candle is designed with the name of your MOH or BM, "Thank You message, names of the bride and groom, wedding date, finishing ribbon. The name of the MOH or BM will match the color of finishing ribbon (you have your choice of color). You can use the "Thank You" message as shown in the listing photo or you can submit your own "Thank You' message to be used. Production time is 10 to 14 business days.


text:
BT digital archives to celebrate Britain's telecom...
BT digital archives to celebrate Britain's telecoms heritage
The BT Digital Archives showcases the breadth and depth of telecoms development in Britain since 1846
press.mea@coventry.ac.uk
A £1 million project to digitise BT's historical collection of photos and documents is set to bring 165 years of UK telecoms heritage to the public's fingertips today with the launch of an interactive online archive.
Jisc, who provide digital services for UK education and research, has funded Coventry University to team up with BT and The National Archives to create a searchable digital resource of almost half a million photographs, reports and items of correspondence preserved by BT since 1846.
The remarkable collection – which is recognised by UNESCO and Arts Council England as being of international importance – showcases Britain's pioneering role in the development of telecommunications and the impact of the technology on society, and will be freely available under a Creative Commons licence to encourage sharing and the use of the material in education curricula and research.
Users from anywhere in the world will be able to log on to www.bt.com/btdigitalarchives and explore 50 terabytes worth of images and documents detailing how Britain laid the foundations for global telecommunications, including the first telephone exchange in 1879 and the Queen making the first automatic long distance telephone call in the fifties.
Further highlights from the BT digital archives include:
documents relating to BT's ancestor company, the Electric Telegraph Company, which in 1846 became the first nationwide communications firm in the world;
a letter from 1877 from Alexander Graham Bell's agent offering Bell's telephone to the British government, who turned it down;
correspondence between Guglielmo Marconi and the General Post Office from 1896 discussing the Italian's "new system of telegraphy without wires";
photos of Britain's first national telephone kiosks with concept drawings and correspondence detailing their design and public reaction to their introduction;
pictorial records of the advent of the world's first emergency call service, 999.
an image of Central Telegraph Office staff dealing with congratulatory telegrams to Buckingham Palace on the birth of Prince Charles, the future Prince of Wales.
research reports by Tommy Flowers, the engineer who invented Colossus – the world's first programmable computer – for codebreakers during WWII;
documents illustrating the role of British telecommunications workers in the war effort during both world wars.
The project and its new website – which has been built by Coventry University's Serious Games International in collaboration with BT – aims to demonstrate the impressive breadth and depth of the archive, and to highlight the positive impact that telecommunications has had on social issues such as gender and race equality in the workplace.
The organisations involved expect the archive to appeal to a wide range of audiences including teachers, students, researchers and the general public, who for the first time will have easy access to an archive of cultural and technological significance to the UK.
Professor Neil Forbes, director of research at Coventry University, said:
It is a great pleasure to be able to launch the BT digital archives. Teams of experts from across the partners involved have worked together to produce an extraordinarily rich and important online archive. It's a magnificent achievement.
David Hay, head of heritage at BT Group, said:
The BT archive documents over a century of the achievements of British telecommunications engineers and scientists in pushing the boundaries of communications technology. I'm constantly fascinated by the photographs and documents in the archive – it's fantastic that the public can now enjoy it all too.
Chris Mumby, head of commercial delivery at The National Archives, said:
Our renowned expertise in creating and preserving digitised records ensures that this important collection is accessible to more people now and in the future.
Paola Marchionni, programme manager at Jisc, said:
We're very proud at Jisc to have funded the digitisation of this internationally recognised archive. The strength of this project lies in a partnership that goes beyond the higher education sector and which has made hundreds of thousands of digital resources openly available for anybody to enjoy. At the same time, the academic team has produced fascinating case studies which show how digitised archival material can be used to explore new avenues both in research and teaching in a wide range of subjects, from design to linguistics and cultural studies.
For further information, please contact Alex Roache, external press and media relations officer, Coventry University, on 024 7679 5050 or email alex.roache@coventry.ac.uk.
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