New technologies foster efficiency and madness in the same flow.
To potentiate its capacity to shape urban processes, interface design invests in the precision work of pixel arrangements, sliders, clicks, and other skeuomorphic enticements, all the better to directly intersect with the cognitive processes responsible for activating intertwined virtual and physical networks. Indeed, interfacial reconstructions are especially evident in social media platforms due not least to the perpetual release of updated features to enhance and sustain user engagement. If architecture is understood as the collective interface that orients our access to the urban environment, how can the discipline of architecture (and, more broadly, a post-internet design practice) leverage the proliferation of screen-as-interface interactions to co-construct the city at various augmented scales? Among the heterogeneous, interlaced, networks of the post-internet city (biological, neural, material, virtual, etc.), how can this co-construction of the city more carefully attend to the microscales of pixels and neurons operating within the macroscales of planetary computation and social imaginations? As the organization of social, spatial, and programmatic relationships within the city's networks of exchange, how can design leverage the augmented capacities of communication and cognition that are both simulated and stimulated by the post-internet city?
Considerations regarding the potent feedback loop between communication and thought certainly didn't begin in the post-internet city; already in the late nineteenth century, German biologist Jakob von Uexkull was developing a theory of Umwelt to describe the semiotic world of the organism as it corresponds to relevant perceptual features in its surroundings.3 For von Uexkull, the organism perceives most acutely (and through whichever senses are most attuned for the task) the unique aspects of the environment pertinent to its survival and its capacity to act; multiple organisms sharing the same nominal environment are nevertheless considered to occupy singular umwelts that overlap in space and time but are sensed according to specific, individuated logics.4 In a biological cybernetic system, the mind interprets the sense-world of the organism, thereby shaping the organism's interaction with the world, and subsequently reshaping the umwelt itself. Fundamentally, for von Uexkull, an organism's capacity to participate in and effect its environment is governed preliminarily by the perceptions formed in its mind.
Competing infrastructural interventions to the already complex systems of hydraulic and hydrological infrastructures compound the difficulty of anticipating and preparing for the flood. The "normalization" project, which intends to contain the Jakarta's largest river by embanking it within concrete walls, has transformed flood patterns and ways of living with the flood. Altered sectional relationships between the river and city, and accelerated flows of water through discontinuous channelized portions of the river, have disrupted early warning systems based on traditional forms of knowledge and consequently compromised the capacity of residents to make informed, safety-based decisions. Photo: Etienne Turpin.
The brain does not have thinking as its function but that of hindering the thought from becoming lost in dream; it is the organ of attention to life.
For the past year, I have been investigating some of these questions as part of an interdisciplinary research team working on real-time megacity-scale visualizations of flooding in Jakarta, Indonesia. This applied research project, PetaBencana.id (Disaster Map Indonesia), gathers confirmed on-the-ground situational reports of emergency events on a web-based platform by engaging in AI-assisted conversations with residents through humanitarian chat bots over social media. The platform thus de-credentializes emergency reporting by making it possible for any resident with an internet connection to produce one. The platform also gathers, sorts, and displays relevant emergency data from local and government agencies, thereby helping to bridge critical information gaps between formalized structures of data collection and less formalized networks of situational epistemologies. Prior to the implementation of the platform, emergency management agencies disseminated flood information through static pdf reports, both making it nearly impossible to communicate time-critical information to thirty-one million urbanites and limiting capacities to gain information from residents. Inefficient communication mechanisms also created difficulties for agencies operating at various local and national levels to make coordinated, evidence-based decisions, resulting in amplified confusion, frictions between state and non-state actors, disjointed measures for emergency support and the misallocation of critical resources. As a transparent communication interface that provides free access to time critical information via a web based platform, PetaBencana.id not only supports evidence-based emergency response, but also helps to democratize decision support tools. The platform enables residents to strategize personal efforts for resilience as they actively check the map to avoid flooded areas, organize for the safety of their families, and minimize the loss of personal belongings, as well as to plan collaborative efforts through the coordination of resources within and between local communities and emergency agencies. For millions of residents, the platform thus enables safe navigation and situational awareness while also supporting emergency agencies to better respond to emergency needs and dynamic situations. While its interface display is intentionally simple—it must work as a design strategy, not look like a design—the platform was designed through complex processes of ethnographic research, co-research with social and technical partners, agencies, and supporters, as well as across and through various data flows and IT architectures. Because the platform has demonstrated a unique capacity to forge relationships among heterogeneous agents (and agencies) working toward various goals and governed by at times opposing objectives, as well as to facilitate the allocation of resources during emergency events and coordinate networks of interconnected populations and infrastructures, I have come to think of the platform as an augmented architecture of the city. If cities are the products of networks and systems of exchange, then the platform—designed by way of in-depth and ongoing ethnographic and design research studies—intervenes in the proliferation of screen-as-interface interactions to re-direct informational and material exchanges in the city. But when architecture operates at an interfacial threshold, its impression on the urban fabric is not established through a physical form; operating within the aesthetic paradigm of screen-as-interface and through the parameters of attention, the presence of this augmented architectural practice is necessarily instituted by the formation of impressions on the human mind through digital screens.
In contemporary cultures of immediacy, the ability to form actionable thoughts and thereby meaningfully participate in urban life depends on the mind's ability to filter torrential flows of sense-data and selectively allocate neural circuitries of attention and memory to relevant stimuli. Scrolling through feeds of bottomless instantaneity, cognitive mechanisms adapt to multiplying visual and auditory impetuses by developing progressively fastidious mechanisms of attention. In a perpetual feedback mechanism, human minds adapt to the dynamic vicissitudes of virtual environments while digital spaces are simultaneously redesigned to heighten affect and sustain attention for the plastic human mind. Cognizant of the value that information can have in urban space when successfully distributed through planetary networks, social media platforms are not only transforming their interfaces to compete for attention, but are also developing metrics to measure attention itself. By quantifying user absorption, performance statistics enable these platforms to profit from the sale of advertising and marketing ventures which promise to capture and deliver the attention economy's most valuable resource.
One example from PetaBencana.id is particularly telling, and it is worth developing here not only because it demonstrates what is at stake in the contemporary attention economy, but also because is suggests the substantial investment made in quantifying attention as a way of making legible the consequences of our consumption, whether for marketing, advertising, or other political programs. Twitter defines "Impressions" as the number of times a post is delivered to users. Comprehending the pertinence of the impression on our cityscapes necessitates an investigation of the influence that momentary attention has on the longer forming memories and perceptions that govern human capacities for urban action. Studies of visual presentation have shown that it takes approximately 13 milliseconds of exposure to an image for neural circuitries to continue processing visual input beyond the time of visibility.9 As the brain continues to process external stimuli beyond times of exposure, even involuntary attention is pivotal in the construction of longer forming memories. In adapting to manage torrential flows of data, the brain delegates its metabolic budget to optimize the information gained from brief glances. Research in transactive memory has further demonstrated that with a growing dependence on expanded informational fields such as external memory storage, cognitive processes of memory have adapted to retain less content-dense information and more about the locations where information can be accessed.10 Prioritizing momentary visibility over user engagement as an evaluation of impact and reach, the Twitter Impression suggests that in bottomless feeds of data, the delivery of information-laden content (engagement) is perhaps less critical than creating the minimum impression necessary to instigate an association between content and virtual address. Emergent research on the "resting-state" of the brain reveals that memories are now constructed during states of rest.11 Critically, these are "not memories of perceptions, but memories forming perceptions."12 Leveraging the capacity of 13 milliseconds to form ensuing perceptions, the Impression targets urban intervention "not on the level which actions are decided but on the level at which the very capacity for action is forming."13 As an architect designing in and for the attention economy, it becomes clear that intervening at the moment of an impression can be highly influential in recrafting our cityscapes because these perceptions project back onto and reconstruct both desire and urban space.
Even while Twitter's stock continues to fluctuate, it is everywhere in evidence that digital platforms have become incredibly profitable and powerful. In less than twenty years, Alphabet's Google went from a Stanford University research project (initiated in 1996 by now-Alphabet CEO Larry Page and Sergey Brin) to the world's most valuable brand with an estimated worth of USD $109 billion. Facebook's meteoric rise follows a similarly short story, even if the social media giant is increasingly the subject of scrutiny, not least for its for-profit manipulation of political elections. The attention paid by users on these platforms translates directly into the accumulation of capital by these platform owners; without the space here to develop a more complete political economy of attention (via platforms, interfaces, device design, and cloud computing, among other areas that would need to be considered), we can directly go on to a fundamental question of practice: can we reroute (i.e. design and re-design, as required) aspects of these platforms to create less exploitative, more creative and collaborative relationships among urban residents?
Importantly, these questions can't be asked in a vacuum. As digital newsfeeds are barraged with continuous flows of information competing for cognitive attention and the race to accumulate impressions-as-capital goes on by way of our cognitive labor, the post-internet city's growing appetite for material resources continues to explode. The escalating quantities of energy required to power the exchange of bits and bytes in the cloud also make urban inhabitants and infrastructures increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather events. If resilience is the capacity of a system to absorb and adapt to external pressures, and if plasticity engenders responsive capacities for adaptation, how might we—as designers—leverage the plastic potentials of the human brain to adapt in the interlaced biological, material, and virtual networks of the post-internet city?
PetaBencana.id gathers confirmed on-the-ground situational reports by engaging in conversations with residents through humanitarian chat bots on social media. When the software detects a tweet with the keyword #flood (or #banjir) within a specified geographic area, PetaBencana bots send a programmatic response inviting users to participate in community flood-mapping. In the aesthetic paradigm of screen-as-interface, the ability to shift urban behavior through the interface hinges on the success of being able to capture user attention. The GIF embedded in PetaBencana.id's programmatic invite plays a critical role in enrolling users to participate in and maintain this humanitarian infrastructure.
Cities, and especially megacities like Jakarta, Rio de Janeiro, or Shanghai, are now the most visible expression of human influence on the planet. The growth of cities is therefore a characteristic feature of the Anthropocene.
Although Jakarta's residents have lived with seasonal flooding since the seventeenth century, unpredictable weather patterns due to climate change have disrupted traditional patterns of knowledge that previously enabled residents to predict and prepare for the flood's arrival. The return period of a 100-year flood in Jakarta is now less than five years. As the capital city attracts progressively larger developments, each extracting pervasive volumes of groundwater, the city is also sinking at a rate of three to ten centimeters annually. The northern edge of Jakarta is currently two meters below sea level, and the city depends on a complex network of pumps to drain water up and out to the Java sea. Competing infrastructural interventions to the already complex systems of hydraulic and hydrological infrastructures compound the difficulty of anticipating and preparing for the flood.
The interdependencies of complex infrastructural systems in Jakarta rendered themselves especially sensible in 2013, when the city experienced its most widespread occurrence of flooding. No predictive modeling could have anticipated the failure that triggered the city to declare a state of emergency; the collapse of a 30-meter portion of the West Gate Canal inundated even those districts typically unexposed to flooding. In a time of climate change, when overcapacity of physical infrastructures is the "new normal," the externalities of planetary-scale computation have disrupted traditional ways of knowing and ways of living with the flood.17 However, the same technologies have fostered the emergence of alternate modalities of knowledge acquisition and dissemination. Leveraging the ways in which residents share information instantaneously thereby extends decision support to expanded networks in real time.
Strategies designed to capture attention and draw human minds into expending extended periods of time on virtual interfaces also foster expanded opportunities for information dissemination during emergency events. Although rapidly urbanizing megacities are often thought to be data scarce due to a lack of formal data, the supercomputers in our pockets—particularly in their abilities to integrate descriptive images and satellite coordinates into compressed, shareable formats—offer a wealth of information that can be leveraged for emergency support. Indonesia's 85% mobile-phone penetration rate potentiates the activation of the screen-as-interface paradigm into a network of pre-installed, distributed, fluid sensory devices that can be integrated as dynamic components of humanitarian infrastructures. Over 70% of Indonesia's internet users access the internet through mobile devices, and Jakarta's residents actively embrace hand-held screens to share a variety of real-time information, including flooding. A Twitter #DataGrant, awarded to the pilot study, reveals the spatial and temporal coverage of social media activity in the city, recording over 150,000 geolocated Twitter conversations about flooding during the 2013/2014 monsoon season.
While conversations on social media occur over distributed networks, how might we amplify their agency by integrating the expanded capacities of communication and information processing that are fostered by ubiquitous computational technologies to verify, filter, and aggregate reports and capacitate decision support during emergency events? Critically, operating perhaps parasitically within the same networks, how might we repurpose cognitive capitalism's investments in human brains to attune attention towards frameworks for democratizing decision support?
Our applied design research in Indonesia begins to demonstrate the potentialities of rerouting the interfaces designed to target consumer decisions at the level of cognition for humanitarian action. Our reporting mechanisms operate as follows: upon detecting Twitter conversations in a designated geographic area with the specific keywords "flood" or "banjir" (banjir means flood in the national language, Bahasa Indonesia), the PetaBencana bot sends a programmatic invitation asking users if they would like to contribute to community flood mapping. When a user responds to the invite, the software tweets a unique link to submit a flood report. The link guides users through four sequential inputs: verify their location, record flood heights, add photos, and add descriptions. Within milliseconds, users are able to view their contribution to the map. The architecture of the platform hacks into the ecologies of attention already instantiated and hosted by social media platforms, in order to aggregate verified situational overviews of the city.18 However, as a two-way transparent communication interface between residents and government agencies, PetaBencana.id's significance is gained beyond technical arrangements; drawing creative lines of conjunction between the various formal and informal localized knowledges that exist within the city, the platform activates existing social networks into a productive infrastructural system. Leveraging the mobile interface as a tool for people to record and receive real-time observations of the city, the software repurposes the interfacial design of social media platforms and the proliferation of screen-as-interface to build expanded networks of collaborative resilience. In order to increase resilience and reach, the medium-agnostic platform is designed as an open framework with the capacity to plug into any social media source with an open API. (In Jakarta, residents also have the option of reporting through the instant messaging service Telegram and local applications Qlue and Pasang Mata.) Through engaging on-the-ground user verification with computational services in the cloud layer, the platform provides comprehensive overviews of disaster events in order to enhance urban situational knowledge and support navigation in the material infrastructures of the city layer.
In order to successfully repurpose the proliferation of the screen-as-interface into an augmented humanitarian infrastructure, the platform must necessarily operate at the interstices of virtual, material and neurological networks. Relying on the participation of resident users on social media to provide decision support for 50 million residents, the project hinges on the intermittent 13-millisecond pause between scrolls to encourage users to enroll into the community. In the competitive aesthetic paradigm of screen-as-interface, the platform's significance is necessarily gained through the ways in which it expresses the possibilities of engagement (as well as the attendant affective satisfactions of engagement) for those who use it.19 Acting as a two-way interface between the interlaced virtual and material layers of a city, the platform must critically be designed to engage the neural networks that imagine, project onto, and reify these layers. Leveraging re-wired biological neural networks and expanded capacities for and methods of communication, how do we design engagement that invites users to both participate in and maintain this humanitarian infrastructure?
In digital media cultures of retweets, shares, likes, and follows, the capacity of the "invitation" tweet is not limited to enrolling single users into the community-sharing platform (even if the programmatic tweet itself is a direct response to a single user mention of flooding). As the invitation tweet appears in the streams of extended networks of user followers, and as its exposure is amplified further through retweets, the invitation has the potential to capture expanded fields of peripheral attention. While symptomologies of heightened distraction in the post-internet city easily warrant criticism, research suggests that ubiquitous techno-environments foster the formation of new "regimes" of attention.20 In these altered "regimes," distraction is not inattention but rather a persistent peripheral attention that intentionally refuses to focus in order to make itself more receptive to possibly relevant peripheral stimuli.21 How might we leverage the ways in which augmented modes of attention search for "significant markers" in the digital umwelt, in order to repurpose the saturation of screen-exposure towards humanitarian ends? While PetaBencana.id's invitation tweets initially embedded a minute-long explanatory video, the project now circulates a twenty-second meme in Graphics Interchange Format, or what is more commonly known as a GIF. The significance of this shift lies in the GIFs independence from active user engagement; unlike video links, GIFs play automatically on Twitter. Prioritizing momentary exposure over user initiative, GIFs therefore operate within the basic logic of impressions and reduce efforts needed for cognitive digestion. The increased likelihood of GIFs captivating peripheral attention is rooted in ancestral mechanisms of defense that necessitate peripheral attention to be especially sensitive to movement.22 As infinite loops of automated animated visual graphics, GIFs capitalize on instinctual sensitivities that have been further amplified by technological transformations. Leveraging augmented modes of attention fostered by the internet, PetaBencana.id employs GIFs as a means to tune the distributed attention of distracted minds into collective action for collaborative resilience.
If the built environment employs the manipulation of physical contrasts (e.g. surface, scale and light) to guide occupant movement through space, then in the architecture of the platform, GIFs hold an equivalent role in guiding user navigations through virtual networks. For PetaBencana.id, GIFs are critical, constituent components employed to capture neural circuitries traversing through informational fields; the flashing bytes vividly alert to significant markers in the digital umwelt. The cybernetics of interface design, especially as quantified through performance indicators on social media, offer unique mechanisms of feedback unprecedented in traditional forms of architecture. The reciprocal influences of human minds shaping the environments that shape their minds are rendered through interfacial design tangible and quantifiable, and consequently, rapidly adjustable in compressed time-frames.23 Augmenting biological cybernetics of the umwelt with soft cybernetics of interfacial design, the post-internet city fosters an experimental framework unprecedented to traditional forms of architecture, capacitating mechanisms that may enable human adaptation to keep pace with accelerated environmental transformations.
2017 Data and Operations Diagram for PetaBencana.id using CogniCity Open Source Software.
I search therefore I scroll.
Plasticity, in effect, is not flexibility. Let us not forget that plasticity is a mechanism for adapting while flexibility is a mechanism for submitting…To be conscious of the plasticity of one's brain is to give oneself the means to say no.
The city is not simply composed of stone, steel, and glass; cities emerge from complex systems of social, economic, and cultural exchange. Cities have cityness.26 The internet, then, does not disrupt the role of architecture as the spatial organization of programmatic and social relationships within these exchanges, but augments the mechanisms by which the city is and has always been co-constructed. Even if wayfinding methods are now resolved to a flashing blue dot on a hand-held screen, architecture's role as the primary mode of locating oneself in relation to the material, social, cultural, economic, and political exchanges of the city have not been displaced by the screen. The post-internet city simply displaces the form that architecture assumed. As the screen diverts attention away from the physical presence of traditional structures, that is, away from the materialized façade of urban settlement, it nevertheless invites architecture to operate by other means and among other registers. The capacity to affect action at a distance (yet one that is exceedingly intimate through neural networks) is enriched by networked technologies and the levels at which social media platforms intersect with the human mind to unveil interstices that influence urban behaviors for resilience. What possibilities lie in translating the skillsets of architecture, in its sensitivities to multi-dimensional contextual flows, into coordinating exchanges between intertwined virtual, material, and biological networks? The post-internet city provides potentials for architecture to manipulate the urban fabric at augmented scales and operate beyond material tools. Our expanded toolsets foster capacities to affect social and programmatic relationships in urban space by designing with the macro scales of planetary computation and at the microscales of flashing GIFs, pixels, bytes, and neurons.
PetaBencana.id is an applied research project co-founded by Etienne Turpin and Tomas Holderness. CogniCity Open Source Software was developed by Matthew Berryman, Turpin, and Holderness. Special thanks to Turpin for his guidance, careful edits, and continued support for this research.
Post-Internet Cities is a collaborative project between e-flux Architecture and MAAT – Museum of Art, Architecture and Technology within the context of the Utopia/Dystopia exhibition and "Post-Internet Cities" conference, produced in association with Institute for Art History, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities – Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and Instituto Superior Técnico – Universidade de Lisboa, and supported by MIT Portugal Program and Millennium bcp Foundation.
Nashin Mahtani is Research Coordinator of anexact office in Jakarta, Indonesia, where she leads the office's exhibition-led inquiry The Architecture of the Brain. Nashin also works as the Project Co-Manager and Lead Designer of PetaBencana.id.
Félix Guattari, "Towards a Post-Media Era," in Provocative Alloys: A Post-Media Anthology, eds. Clemens Apprich, Josephine Berry Slater, Anthony Iles, and Oliver Lerone Schultz (Post Media Lab & Mute Books, 2013), 27.
Benjamin H. Bratton, The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2015), 39.
Jakob von Uexkull, A Foray into the Worlds of Animals and Humans (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010), 47.
Meg McLagan and Yates McKee, eds., Sensible Politics: The Visual Culture of Nongovernmental Activism (New York: Zone, 2012).
Steven Quartz and Terance Sejnowski, "The Neural Basis of Cognitive Development", in Cognitive Architecture: From Biopolitics to Noopolitics. Architecture & Mind in the Age of Communication and Information, eds. Deborah Haputmann and Warren Neidich (Rotterdam: 010 Publishers, 2010), 101.
Catherine Malabou, What Should We Do with Our Brain?, trans. Sebastian Rand (New York: Fordham University Press, 2008).
Henri Bergson, The Creative Mind (1941), trans. Mabelle L. Andison (New York: Carol Publishing, 1992), 74.
Mary C. Potter, Brad Wyble, Carl Erick Hagmann, and Emily S. McCourt, "Detecting meaning in RSVP at 13 ms per picture," Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 76, no. 2 (2014): 270; ➝.
Betsy Sparrow, Jenny Liu, and Daniel M.Wegner, "Google Effects on Memory: Cognitive Consequences of Having Information at our Fingertips," Science 333, (2011): 778.
Felicity Callard and Daniel S. Margulies, "The Industrious Subject: Cognitive Neuroscience's Reevaluation of Rest", in Ibid., Hauptmann and Neidich, 328.
Deborah Hauptmann, "Introduction: Architecture and the Mind in the Age of Communication and Information," in Ibid., Hauptmann and Neidich, 30.
Andrej Radman, "Figure, Discourse: To the Abstract Concretely," in Ibid., Hauptmann and Neidich, 431.
Jan Zalasiewicz, Mark Williams, Alan Haywood, and Michael Ellis, "The Anthropocene: a new epoch of geological time?" Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society: Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, No.1938 (2011): 835-41; see also, Clive Hamilton, Christophe Bonneuil, and François Gemenne, eds., The Anthropocene and the Global Environmental Crisis: Rethinking Modernity in a New Epoch (London: Routledge, 2015).
Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, trans. Brian Massumi (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987).
On Jakarta as a city of the Anthropocene, see Jakarta: Architecture + Adaptation, eds. Etienne Turpin, Adam Bobbette, Meredith Miller (Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press, 2013) and David Chandler, "Securing the Anthropocene? International policy experiments in digital hacktivism: A case study of Jakarta," Security Dialogue 48:2 (2017): 113-130; on tweet production in Jakarta, see Semiocast, "Twitter reaches half a billion accounts," (2012) accessed 20 April 2015, ➝; on Jakarta's proximity to disaster, see the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Disasters in Asia and the Pacific: 2015 Year in Review (2015), ➝.
On the new normal, see Ibid., Bratton, 46.
The verification process through Twitter is based on the level of intent required to submit a flood report. Over the three years that the platform has been operational, there has not been a single incident of a false report.
Elie During, "Loose Coexistence: Technologies of Attention in the Age of the Post-Metropolis," in Ibid., Hauptmann and Neidich, 267.
William James, "Chapter XXIV: Instinct," The Principles of Psychology (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1890), ➝.
Bruce Wexler, "Shaping the Environments that Shape Our Brains: A Long Term Perspective," in Ibid., Hauptmann and Neidich, 143.
Geraldine Juárez, "Intercolonial Technogalactic," Reverse Hallucinations in the Archipelago, eds. Anna-Sophie Springer and Etienne Turpin (Berlin: K. Verlag & Haus der Kulturen der Welt, 2017), 155.
Marc Jeannerod, foreward to What Should We Do with Our Brain? by Catherine Malabou, trans. Sebastian Rand (New York: Fordham University Press, 2008), xiv.
AbdouMaliq Simone, Jakarta, Drawing the City Near (Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2014).


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Kim's 5 Fang Rating System
Patrol Leaders
BOOK REVIEW: PROTECT THE PRINCE
Patrol Log: 12507132019
Book Review On Protect The Prince, Crown Shards Book 2
By Jennifer Estep
**ARC copy from the publisher for an honest review**
RATED IT
First, Evie has deal with a court full of arrogant, demanding nobles, all of whom want to get their greedy hands on her crown. As if that wasn't bad enough, an assassin tries to kill Evie in her own throne room.
Despite the dangers, Evie goes ahead with a scheduled trip to the neighboring kingdom of Andvari in order to secure a desperately needed alliance. But complicating matters is the stubborn Andvarian King, who wants to punish Evie for the deaths of his country men in the Seven Spire massacre.
But dark forces are at work inside the Andvarian palace, and Evie soon realizes that on one is safe. Worse, Evie's immunity to magic starts acting in strange, unexpected ways, which makes her wonder whether she is truly strong enough to be a Winter Queen.
But Evie's magic, life, and crown aren't the only things in danger - so is her heart, thanks to Lucas Sullivan, the Andvarian King's bastard son and Evie's... well Evie isn't quite sure what Sullivan is to her.
Only one thing is certain - protecting a prince might be even harder than killing a queen...
Everleigh Blairs' whole world was changed with the war waged on Seven Spire by the evil King of Morta. They killed her Queen and her entire family. With Everleigh being the last of the Royal line, she is thrown into a power that she has no idea how to handle. Can Queen Everleigh keep her kingdom from being destroyed, all while trying to find her voice and unlock her powers to their full potential?
Protect The Prince is the second book in the Crown of Shards series. I had not read the first book in the series, but I was willing to jump into the middle of this story because I do love Jennifer Estep's work. The story line had a classic taste to it in the sense of a kingdom fighting an evil that is trying to destroy their people. It wasn't hard to follow because Estep did a great job with inserting the previous books highlights into the story with a series of flashbacks and recaps during the current stories dialogue. The people in this world are magical. The different magics appear to correlate with their family line. But since Everleigh kept referring to herself as a "mutt", I felt like she never really knew what her capabilities were and this was a journey of discovery for her. Key players in Eveleighs court had her back and wanted her to succeed, but her biggest battle within her own kingdom was the people. All of the noblemen were more concerned about her marital status than their own safety from the Morta Kingdom. Seven Spire was a small and humble castle in comparison to others, so Everleigh sought an alliance with the Andvari Kingdom. There was much reluctance from her magier enforcer of the Black Swan troup, Lucas Sullivan, regarding this alliance. Lucas is the bastard son of Andvari's King, and had left his kindom behind that never sought him as a true Prince. Needless to say, Lucas had some daddy issues. Everleigh felt like she had no choice though, because Maeven, the bastard sister to the King of Morta, was at it again. She sent an assassin to kill Queen Everleigh in her own throne room. Little does everyone know that Everleigh's power is special.
The characters... Everleigh was a likable character for me, right off the bat. Sure she doubted herself as a Queen, but she has a strong will, amazing powers, and fighting skills but she also has a heart and good intentions that are all strong qualities for a Queen to have. Even though Everleigh was never bred to be Queen one day, nor was she raised with the Royals, she stepped up and kicked ass! Lucas Sullivan, he's kind of a bitch. He allowed his feelings to get in the way and ran away like a child all because he felt like his father didn't love him like he loved his other two sons. They were born from a Queen, he was not, but still lived in the Kings castle and was raised with his brothers and father, so suck it up bitch! No you will never be King because you're a bastard child, shit happens, move on. Despite this personality flaw of Sullivan's that I did not like, he had a connection with Everleigh, they understood each other, and they had an undeniable attraction that could melt butter. Everleigh's entourage; Paloma an ogre morph, Cho a dragon morph, Serilda a gladiator, and Xenia an ogre morph were all a powerful and loyal force to be reckoned with. They all had a unique knowledge and power that when combined, helped Everleigh along the way to becoming a true Winter Queen. It wasn't even a second thought for me to cheer this Kingdom on in the good fight!
The story... was good, and kept me on my toes. There was a "who dunnit" plot that was entertaining to read along with. While Everleigh was visiting King Heinrich to seek an alliance with his kingdom, I was introduced to his world and meet some nice and not so nice characters. Some of them were just straight up shady as hell, but they all gave a pretty damn good basis for a plot twist and a Oh My God ending. Now there was some loss and heartache, but the story also gave me hope with a triumph and a lot of love. The only thing I regret is not having read the first book yet, cause it sounds amazing! I highly recommend this book!
AVAILABLE NOW ON: AMAZON AUDIBLE B&N APPLE BOOKS GOOGLE PLAY KOBO
STALK THE AUTHOR: WEBSITE FB TWITTER
Posted by Kim at 12:58 PM 6 comments:
GIVEAWAY: FIFTY KINDS OF DEAD
Giveaway for Fifty Kinds of Dead by J.A. Fredericks
*This is a serial and intended for readers over 18. The installments are not novel length.*
After Ava Lewis is mistakenly claimed by a reaper then brought back to fulfill an unknown purpose, she's forced to sever all ties to her former life and figure out how to survive despite not having a heartbeat or anyone to help. It would seem all hope is lost until she meets Liam, the hot ghost with a dirty mind, and then Jackson, the sexy human she has an unrelenting attraction toward.
Conflicted by her feelings, Eva finds herself struggling to define what it means to be undead while giving in to her darkest desires. When Jackson's kisses awaken a part of her she thought she lost when she died, her endless hunger will threaten to consume them both.
J. A. Fredericks is the OTHER pen name used by Jennifer Ann. When writing menage romances. Just like her characters, she's really into music, tattoos, and motorcycles. When not riding on the back of her husband's Harley or attending concerts, you can sometimes finding her driving tractor in southern Minnesota.
Enter to win One (1) signed copy of Fifty Kinds of Dead by J.A. Fredericks, and some amazing book swag! One entry per person, and you must be 18 years or older. US Residents Only Please.
How To Enter: Follow PY by any social media means. Follow the Author on any of her socials. Leave a comment here and that's it! Good luck everyone! Giveaway ends on Tuesday, April 30, 2019.
Posted by Kim at 7:20 PM 4 comments:
GRAPHIC NOVEL REVIEW: BECOMING HENRY
Graphic Novel Review: Shattered Lives: Becoming Henry, Issue #1
By Rissa Blakeley
Reviewed by Spiffy Nerd
**Novel provided by the author for an honest review**
Violent nightmares.
A haunting past.
As an orphan, government recruiters, entwined within a secret project, place Luke Richards into a military school in the East End of London. He quickly discovers who he can trust and who will stand against him. Upon finding the government selected him and several other capable recruits, Luke fears what will happen to the one person he confides in.
Reading the first issue of this series was a fun trip; between the snips of visions Luke has and the seemingly everyday life he goes through living in a military academy, it gives you plenty of reasons to keep turning the page in wonder of what will happen next and how it all connects. The art for the comic, while different than what you typically find, shares a host of emotions with the characters and their actions. Stepping into the first couple of pages you can easily spot the type of character Luke can potentially be. Delving further into the story you get to meet other characters like his roommate and my personal favorite so far, Lauren. The story is rich, with not just character development, but also relationship growth for our protagonist amongst his inner circle.
The story definitely leaves questions as to what will be happening to these characters, especially after the older gent who came in to really change things up and raise even further questions to the future of these kids. Questions like who is he and what exactly is his agenda with these cadets? This graphic novel does a great job on investing you into Luke and wondering how all these things are going to shape him further along in the series.
AVAILABLE NOW: AMAZON
Posted by Kim at 9:30 AM 1 comment:
GIVEAWAY: BLOOD DESTINY BOX SET
By Connie Suttle
** This is a complete set of 10 books in the Blood Destiny Series by Connie Suttle. **
Lissa's life as a vampire begins on the day her husband is removed from life support. Turned by rogues her wager her life, Lissa is running from her maker who is determined to kill her, hunted by the Council, who has branded her a rogue and blackmailed by werewolves, who utilize her newly-developed talents for their own gain.
Reinvention/Reincarnation. Those words describe Connie best. She has worked as a janitor, a waitress, a mower of lawns and house cleaner, a clerk, secretary, teacher, bookseller and (finally) an author. The last occupation is the best one, because she sees it as a labor of love and therefore no labor at all.
Connie has lived in Oklahoma all her life, with brief forays into other states for visits. She and her husband have been married for more years than she prefers to tell and together they have one son.
After earning an MFA in Film Production and Animation from the University of Oklahoma, Connie taught courses in those subjects for a few years before taking a job as a manager for Borders. When she left the company in 2007, she fully intended to find a desk job somewhere. She found the job. And the desk. At home, writing.
WEBSITE FB TWITTER
Enter for your chance to win the first 10 Kindle version books in the Blood Destiny Series by Connie Suttle. PY also has an exclusive swag package to go along with the books, all from Author Connie Suttle! Swag pack includes one "I love Larentii" fleece blanket, one Subtle Demon fan, one I Love Larentii coffee mug, one Subtle Demon spiral notebook with pen, one Subtle Demon note pad, one Subtle Demon letter opener, one Subtle Demon carabiner, one Subtle Demon chapstick holder with keychain attached, one Subtle Demon pen with light, and one pen w/o light, one Subtle Demon thumb drive, various Connie Suttle bookmarks, and various Connie Suttle postcards. See picture below. One lucky winner will be chosen via random.org on March 18, 2019. US Residents Only. You must be 18 years old to enter.
You must be a PY follower. Subscribe to email updates, or by social media.
Follow the author by any of her social media outlets listed above.
Leave a comment here and share how you stalk the author and PY.
Posted by Kim at 5:41 PM 17 comments:
GIVEAWAY: CRAVING LOVE AND DEATH
By Haven Cage
Most women in the 1950s dream of a perfect life, pleasing their bread-winning husbands and raising happy families. Vivienne...well...she dreams of a life in which she doesn't need to murder the men she sleeps with.
She may play the role of a quiet, docile nightclub singer and waitress for her friends and family, but, behind closed doors, Vivienne gives into an insatiable lust and hunger no man can escape.
She just wants to ignore her disturbing temptations. However, when Vivie's best friend convinces her to join an impromptu double-date with two handsome sailors, her plan gets blown to bits.
Sexy, dark, and sly as hell, Naval Lieutenant Dean Vitson may be the only man who can give Vivie a reason to nix her "bad habits"--but he's running from his own dirty past. And his secrets could turn her world upside down.
Can Vivienne change her murderous ways to be with Dean?
Will she want to after she finds out what he's hiding?
Craving Love & Death is a dark Romantic Suspense and the first standalone installment in The Perilously Pretty Series, a compilation of wicked romance novels about bad ass women from all eras and walks of life.
Warning: Contains adult language, sexual content, criminal content
Haven Cage lives in the Carolinas with her husband and son. After many years of dabbling with drawing, painting, and working night shift in the medical field, she decided to try her hand at writing. Unfortunately, her love for books came later in life and proved to add a healthy challenge during her writing journey. Determined to hone her craft though, she soaks up as much information as she can, spends her free time tapping away in her favorite local coffee shop, and keeps a good book in hand whenever possible.
What began as a hobby has grown into a way of escape and the yearning to take her journey farther, her love for writing and reading deepening along the way.
Here is your chance to win a signed copy of Craving Love and Death by Haven Cage! Along for the ride are some pretty cool bookmarks, key chains, and other amazing book swag for you pleasure. We only have 1 copy of this book signed, so only 1 winner will be randomly chosen by random.org. Good luck and may the force be with you ;) Giveaway will close on Monday, February 18, 2019. US Residents Only. Must be 18 years old to enter.
Follow the author by any of her social media outlets listed above in BIO.
Leave a comment here and share how you stalk the author and PY. **Make sure you are logged in so I have a way of contacting the winner!
GIVEAWAY: CHASED
Win a signed copy of Chased by Hazel James!
Paige Landry
I finally made it. I graduated nursing school, and I found the perfect job. Things were great until a tornado blew through the emergency room, turning my life upside down. I don't know if I can ever go back to the way things were before. Tornado survivors have a choice to rebuild, or pack up and move away. I'm twenty-two, and I know that one day I want the American dream: a husband, 2.5 kids and a white picket fence. But that's the thing with rebuilding.
What happens when the next tornado hits? Will I be blown away again?
DH Rhoads
Adrenaline. It's fueled me since I was thirteen. It's what I discovered while I chased tornadoes across Oklahoma. It's what I craved on combat missions in helicopters in Afghanistan. It's what I lived for, until one day when everything changed. Now, adrenaline is my drug. It numbs me when the memories become too much to bear. It reminds me that I don't deserve a wife, 2.5 kids and a white picket fence. I've seen what tornadoes do to white picket fences. It's ugly.
I'm the tornado. I've already destroyed one family. Don't chase me.
Hazel lives in Tampa Bay, Florida. She's a proud Army veteran, and her greatest loves include her family, lip gloss, Diet Coke, and the beach.
THE GIVEAWAY!
This giveaway includes a tote, one signed copy of Chased, magnets, stickers, a pen and a cozy. Only one winner, and US Residents Only Please.
You must be a stalker somehow, pick your choice and stalk me.
Be 18 years or older, and a US Resident.
Follow the author on social media by any means, (hint, I think FB is probably the best ;) ).
Lastly, leave a comment letting me know how you stalk us, and how excited you are to enter! We love to hear if you are a existing fan or new fan for this author also!
Giveaway will close on October 29, 2018
Posted by Kim at 7:56 AM 10 comments:
BOOK REVIEW: SHADOW BOUND
Book Review on Shadow Bound, Magic Marked Book 1
By Gena D. Lutz & McKenzie Hunter
**Book provided by the author for an honest review**
Two women. Two lives. One goal—survive.
Aspen and Emma live on the cusp of two worlds. One side is a soul-sucking drag filled with micro-managing bosses and insomnia. On the other, life unfolds on a razor's edge as they discover they are more than what they seem, marked by the Fae and bound to the Shadows.
Abducted to the Shadows and turned into unwilling pawns of the Fae's creation, they are forced to participate in the Wild Hunt. In this deadly world, few can be trusted, including charismatic Liam, Prince of the Shadows and Gerard, the mysterious Wild Hunt trainer, who claim they want to end it. Forced to trust the enemy, they must choose: work together and possibly end the Hunt forever—or each play her own game of survival and win at all costs.
Shadow Bound is an amazing new series filled with drama, and danger...as well as the potential for a romance ;) When Emma and Aspen are abducted and awake in a strange new world, their new life threatening journey begins. In the Shadows is where these two women will learn their fate. Will they rise to the challenge, and kick fates ass, or will they crumble and die?
The story behind Shadow Bound is a world of fae that live in a cloaked society on earth. Some live among us, and some are bound to the Shadows. When fae dilute their blood line with humans, those half-breeds are considered lesser fae and are outcasts. Most if not all do not know their true heritage but are marked with what they believe as a birth mark. The humanettes, as they are referred to, all have magical properties, but some are more pronounced than others. The in depth portrayal of the fae is quiet intriguing, and unique for this reader. The fae come in many forms, as we find out during Emma and Aspen's ordeal. And the true nature of their abduction was for the two women to fight to the death in a yearly ritual called the Wild Hunt.
Emma and Aspen, strangers to each other, share a unique attribute, they are both half fae. The magic from their marks revealed their fae strength which is why they were chosen for the Wild Hunt. Over the next few weeks, they are trained for combat, all while coming to terms with what they really are. The transformation, and their abilities is phenomenal! Each woman possessing a strength different from the other, giving the reader an exciting anticipation for the battle! Emma was captured by Liam's people, and Liam is the nephew to the evil Ansel, who chose Aspen. The two are at odds, to say the least, and Liam is desperate to win the hunt and end the hunt once and for all. Ansel and Liam's history is very painful and treasonous, not only between them but to the fae kind. The constant battle between good and evil will never end until Liam finds out how to permanently stop Ansel. The entire story from beginning to end was captivating. I rooted for Emma, and empathized with Aspen through and through. I believe these two women will take everyone by surprise and bring Ansel down for good!
If you want a story that will just tug at your heart strings, and give you an amazing ride, then this is the book for you! Ansel will forever regret looking down on a humanette.
ADD TO YOUR GOODREADS SHELF: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38229351-shadow-bound
AVAILABLE NOW ON: AMAZON
Posted by Kim at 10:30 AM 2 comments:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A new audio-tape has been added to our series. "Introducing lean service" runs for 27 minutes and explains how we have taken the concepts of 'lean thinking' and applied them to service organisations.
Targets are part of current management parlance. They are normal, common and everywhere. But they are unhelpful. Targets take peoples' ingenuity away from method; they are arbitrary, having no basis in knowledge. We might all like to reduce costs by half, have twice as many customers and so on, but the question is always: 'by what method' and targets don't provide an answer.
I like to illustrate this problem with a story: A team was presenting their improvement work to a Toyota sensei – an expert in performance improvement. They described the current process – it took 15 minutes to change over a machine. They had set a target to get to 5 minutes and they got to seven and a half. They had halved the time. At the end of the presentation the sensei asked why they had not achieved their target. The team was surprised, expecting to be praised.
The team responded to his questions with explanations, issues they could not resolve and so forth. But the sensei responded to these things with more questions. He was not suggesting they had failed, he was asking whether they had explored all of the possibilities.
But more than that he was trying to show them that the target had been established without a method. He showed them that a good knowledge of the work should lead to predictions about what could be achieved.
And that is the central issue – understanding leads to peoples' ingenuity being engaged in improving the work.
1. Targets are rational; they are derived from a financial plan. If everything works to plan, the plan is achieved.
2. Targets are assumed to motivate people. Managers believe they give people 'something to go for'.
Here is an imaginary conversation between a senior and junior manager.
Senior Manager: "I expect people to be sensible, I expect them to co-operate. If they don't it's my job to knock their heads together".
Junior Manager: "Well that may be just fine if you know… but often you won't know that people are doing things just to 'make target' because they cover them up".
Senior Manager: "Give me their names".
Senior Manager: "I get my targets, you get your targets. People can discuss all they like, as long as they achieve their targets".
What a waste of talent – and it is going on everywhere.
Partnering is all about attitude, and from attitude method follows. A four part series on partnering written for Commerce Magazine has been up-loaded to this web site and is available to download for free.
The conference where Vanguard clients talk about the what, how and benefits of lean service.


Kyle P. Bransfield is in his fourth year with Atlantic-Pacific Capital. Kyle leads the firm's global direct private placement and structured investment activities. Mr. Bransfield has over twelve years of experience in direct equity and debt private markets principal investing, capital raising, and investment banking. Kyle currently serves as CEO and Director of Union Acquisition Corp. (NYSE: LTN.U).
Prior to joining Atlantic-Pacific, Kyle was an investment banker in Sagent Advisors' Private Financing Solutions Group. Prior to Sagent, Mr. Bransfield spent over six years as a Principal and General Partner at CS Capital Partners, a Philadelphia-based multi-family office focused on alternatives. In his role he co-managed a portfolio of direct investments, served as an observer to several boards of directors, and fulfilled operating roles within portfolio companies. Kyle began his career in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group at Stifel Nicolaus Weisel and earned a B.S. in Business Administration from American University.


When attempting to sign into the PBI domain on any PC, message "The user's account has expired" is displayed.
This error can appear when a user has a temp or contractor ID, and their temp or contractor ID expires. If an agent is hired on, their manager is supposed to request a new ID for the agent.
In Remedy, we can extend a temp or contractor ID.
In the left panel of Remedy, select Applications > Service Request Management > Request Entry.
Select Extend Deadline for Contractor.
Do not use Active Directory Users and Computers to attempt to determine the expiration date. Active Directory Users and Computers will produce false positives. In this example, a user was getting this error on December 1, 2016. On the General tab of the users profile, the end date was 3 weeks in the future.
On the Account tab, the account expires date was 11 months in the past.


The Mawson hat pattern is now available for purchase as a convenient kit on our webstore. Each kit contains enough pre-wound Shelter yarn to knit the project and a digital copy of the pattern, available here.
A simple and versatile cap in Shelter or Arbor makes a quick gift knit or instantly adds a new dimension to your cold-weather wardrobe. This unisex hat can be worked to beanie length or extended as a watch cap — wear it with a folded brim or with slouchy insouciance as whim dictates. Mawson's fabric of single rib begins with a 1x1 Ribbed Cable Cast On, which mimics the look of a tubular cast-on without the extra effort. Clever double decreases at the crown make the hat completely reversible. Instructions are also included for a half-twisted stitch modification.


So you've made it through the first half of the week and you've been working out each day like a warrior princess (we're over here applauding you). But to be honest as the week progresses, your motivation is waning fast. Sound familiar? We want you to start and end the week strong so we've recruited the fitness experts to share their foolproof, end of the week motivation advice to get you going moving on Thursday and Friday.
When it comes to feeling tired at the end of the week, more often than not, it's my brain that's exhausted more than my body and I get a kind of "tired but wired" vibe going on – it's that tech burnout feeling.
I try to remember that it's at these times I will gain the most from a sweaty workout. I give myself a little pep talk and visualise how great I'll feel at the end of the workout. Oh AND I have another rule that's even more powerful; if I workout on a Friday, I get to have a cheeky glass of wine to wrap up the week that night. No workout, no wine. It may sound harsh but it gets me to the gym every single time!
When it comes to motivation there are a couple of things that run through my mind.
4) What is a 'better' choice – sometimes when I'm really struggling I find going for a run easier than doing a weights session – so a good run is better than a half-arsed weights session or even still, better than nothing.
The weekend itself is what really gets me motivated to go for a great workout. Knowing that the weekend is about to roll around, I always want to either end the week or start the weekend with an awesome sweat session. This gives me the feeling to be in a good and energetic mood all weekend long.
Training, nutrition and life in general is all about priorities. If you're making it to the end of the week and your motivation is slipping then it's important to remind yourself of these priorities.
Make sure you have a plan, particularly if you find you hit Friday and you aren't feeling as amped and ready to go as you were at the start of the week. Set yourself up for success and make things as easy as possible for yourself. Pre-pack your gym gear, come up with a gym session before you get to the gym and even save your most enjoyable session of the week for the times you struggle the most. Nobody is skipping their favourite workout of the week. Plus, who doesn't love a delicious well-earned Friday night dinner after a testing session?
I usually save the workout that I am most excited about doing that week for Thursday. That way I look forward to it all week and then when it finally comes I am pretty excited to do it.
I also try to participate in something new on Friday, be it a new class or another gym to do a strength workout in. I think it really helps keep things fresh and keep me excited about the Friday training session.
At the beginning of my week I love to lock in a sweat session with a girlfriend. We both put it in our diary as if we have a girl date together (which we do)! My motivation can definitely start to dwindle as the week comes to an end, especially if it has been a big one. By making a commitment to a great friend earlier in the week, I know we'll have fun sweating it out together and we'll both feel great after. You can even throw a cheeky brunch/lunch on after it…double win!


text:
#include "CUnit/Basic.h"

int init_bst_suite(void);
int init_ll_suite(void);
int init_sd_suite(void);
int init_ht_suite(void);

void test_bst(void);
void test_ht(void);
void test_sd(void);
void test_ll(void);

int clean_bst_suite(void);
int clean_ll_suite(void);
int clean_sd_suite(void);
int clean_ht_suite(void);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    /* Initialize the CUnit test registry */
    if ( CUE_SUCCESS != CU_initialize_registry())
        return CU_get_error();

    /* add a suite to the registry */
    CU_pSuite bstSuite = CU_add_suite("BST Suite", init_bst_suite, clean_bst_suite);
    CU_pSuite llSuite = CU_add_suite("LinkedList Suite", init_ll_suite, clean_ll_suite);
    CU_pSuite htSuite = CU_add_suite("HashTable Suite", init_ht_suite, clean_ht_suite);
    CU_pSuite sdSuite = CU_add_suite("Simple Dictionary Suite", init_sd_suite, clean_sd_suite);

    if ( NULL == bstSuite || NULL == llSuite || NULL == htSuite || NULL == sdSuite ) {
        CU_cleanup_registry();
        return CU_get_error();
    }

    /*add the test cases to the suites */
    if ((NULL == CU_add_test(bstSuite, "test_bst", test_bst)) ||
        (NULL == CU_add_test(llSuite, "test_ll", test_ll)) ||
        (NULL == CU_add_test(sdSuite, "test_sd", test_sd)) ||
        (NULL == CU_add_test(htSuite, "test_ht", test_ht)) ) {
        CU_cleanup_registry();
        return CU_get_error();
    }

    CU_basic_set_mode(CU_BRM_VERBOSE);
    CU_basic_run_tests();
    CU_cleanup_registry();
    return CU_get_error();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Germany Looks at Eastern Europe
By Gerhard Schröder
MORE BY Gerhard Schröder
German Panzer I tanks near the city of Bydgoszcz, during the Invasion of Poland, September 1939.
It was only a few years ago that the East European countries moved back into the field of vision of Western policy. For a decade they were kept outside the scope of our active policy, though not out of our thoughts. Most of the paths we trod toward the East led through a frosty and monotonous political landscape, past a hundred million East Europeans and their capital cities directly to Moscow. These peoples and, as we can now see, their governments, did not voluntarily remain in the background nor renounce their right to shape their own future and their relations with the rest of the world. But as long as only the voice of Moscow was heard in reply to questions asked of them, the countries of the West had no choice but to speak with those whose voice alone mattered.
Today this situation is changed. Beginning with the events in Poland and the uprising in Hungary in 1956, important and perhaps decisive things happened in the East European countries which increasingly influenced their relationship with the Soviet Union, with each other and with the Western world. Their individuality again became noticeable. We saw that national interests were a more permanent political force than ideological maxims, and that even the long practice of "proletarian internationalism" had not suppressed the desire for international relations as we understand them. Hence it made sense to regard the East European countries once again as active participants in international politics.
Occasionally the accusation has been leveled against German policy that it was slow to recognize these developments and then hesitated to draw the necessary conclusions and make decisions based on them. I feel that this charge is unjustified. In 1960 and 1961, a parliamentary subcommittee examined thoroughly the prerequisites for, and the possibilities of, Germany's pursuing an East European policy. In the course of its inquiries, it sought the advice of scientific and political experts as well as recommendations from the various ministries. Although at that time the tendencies
Europe Germany Belarus Political Development


I don't like cooking. I never have. I never will.
I prefer reading than cooking. A dish is cooked in an hour and a half. And that is the exact same time it takes me to finish an average sized book.
I know they are two different things. But I have always been like that.
I started baking when I was in standard 11th, all thanks to my little sister. I seldom ignore her wishes. And she was ill, and wished to eat a cake at around 8.
The base of the cake was brownish and hard, and a little burnt, because I just followed the recipe I read in a jiffy. The shorter time it takes, the better.
The second time I baked, it was better than the first time.
Eventually it got a little better, but it was never perfect, as the base kept breaking, after sticking to the pan.
Few years after that, I completely stopped baking. I was not getting any better, and it was frustrating after a while.
2018 turned out to be the baking year for me. My father bought a microwave and also bought all the various microwave safe dishes and bowls. I was automatically "expected" to bake.
After three four spoilt cakes , I was on the verge of giving up again. Coincidentally, a friend of mine who was leaving the city, had baked a cake for herself and I casually mentioned my "baking adventures" to her.
She asked the ingredients I used, the temperature I generally set up for the cake, and other relevant details. And expert as she was, mentioned my folly.
I blindly followed the recipe on the internet, and never sprinkled more than a pinch of flour on the base before pouring the batter.
She asked me to sprinkle the flour evenly.
I came home and tried it the way she had told me.
It actually came out perfect.
It took me years to make the perfect cake. But that's how life is, right?
It's like baking. You mess up with the basics at first, and there's always a little burnt piece here, and a little rawness there. Sometimes you even give up, frustrated with all the mess.
But eventually things fall into piece and you learn the right way. Moreover every experience is sweeter than the previous one.
your conclusion is right but never say never for anything.
Yes, need to get the fundamentals right….and so too the sequence..I talked about it in my blog.


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Role: We are looking for YAC volunteers to help the YAC leader to run the Young Archaeologists Club (YAC) branch at Poole Museum. Volunteers are needed to help plan activities and run sessions for young people (aged 8-16 years old) focussing on archaeology and history using the resources of Poole Museum. The club meets on a monthly basis on Saturday mornings at Poole Museum (every second Saturday 9.30-13.30). There are Young Archaeologist Club branches across the country. The scheme is supported by the Council for British Archaeology who offer networking and training opportunities to volunteers.
Skills: You will need a sound knowledge of archaeology and history and some experience of working with children and young people (You will need to be DBS checked). You are able to stand for long periods and help with some lifting.


text:
Q: Designing highly available VPCs I have been reading and watching everything [1] I can related to designing highly available VPCs. I have a couple of questions. For a typical 3-tier application (web, app, db) that needs HA within a single region it looks like you need to do the following:

*

*Create one public subnet in each AZ.

*Create one web, app, and db private subnet in each AZ.

*Ensure your web, app and db EC2 instances are split evenly between AZs (for this post assume the DBs are running hot/hot  and the apps are stateless).

*Use an ALB / autoscaling to distribute load across the web tier. From what I read ALBs provide HA across AZs within the same region.

*Utilize Internet gateways to provide a target route for Internet traffic.

*Use NAT gateways to SRC NAT the private subnet VMs so they can get out to
the Internet.

With this approach do you need to deploy one Internet and NAT gateway to each AZ? If you only deploy one what happens when you have an AZ outage. Are these services AZ aware (can't find a good answer for this question). Any and all feedback (glad to RTFM) is welcomed!
Thank you,
- Mick
[1] Last two resources I reviewed
Deploying production grade VPCs
High Availability Application Architectures in Amazon VPC

A: You need NAT Gateway in each AZ as the redundancy is limited to a single AZ. Here is the snippet from the official documentation

Each NAT gateway is created in a specific Availability Zone and
  implemented with redundancy in that zone.

You need just a single Internet gateway for a VPC as it is redundant across AZs and a VPC level resource. Here is the snippet from Internet Gateway offical documentation

An internet gateway is a horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly
  available VPC component that allows communication between instances in
  your VPC and the internet. It therefore imposes no availability risks
  or bandwidth constraints on your network traffic.

Here is a highly available architecture image showing NAT GW per AZ and Internet GW as a VPC resource

Image source: https://aws.amazon.com/quickstart/architecture/vpc/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Magnitude 4.2 earthquake strikes near Gweru, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe
lun, 14 giu 2021, 12:07
12:07 PM | AUTORE: EARTHQUAKEMONITOR
4.2 quake 2021-06-14 13:53:07 SAST (GMT+02:00)
A shallow magnitude 4.2 earthquake was reported around noon near Gweru, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe.
According to South Africa's Council for Geoscience (CGS), the quake hit on Monday 14 June 2021 at 1:53 pm local time at a shallow depth of 10 km. Shallow earthquakes are felt more strongly than deeper ones as they are closer to the surface. The exact magnitude, epicenter, and depth of the quake might be revised within the next few hours or minutes as seismologists review data and refine their calculations, or as other agencies issue their report.
Based on the preliminary seismic data, the quake should not have caused any significant damage, but was probably felt by many people as light vibration in the area of the epicenter.
Weak shaking might have been felt in Lalapanzi (pop. 1,400) located 20 km from the epicenter.
Other towns or cities near the epicenter where the quake might have been felt as very weak shaking include Redcliffe (pop. 33,200) located 57 km from the epicenter, Gweru (pop. 146,100) 58 km away, Kwekwe (pop. 99,100) 59 km away, Shurugwi (pop. 17,100) 61 km away, Chivhu (pop. 10,400) 65 km away, and Kadoma (pop. 79,200) 104 km away.
Details about this quake
If you felt it, report it through our site or app right now!
Download and Upgrade the Volcanoes & Earthquakes app to get one of the fastest seismic alerts online:
Earthquake data:
Ho sentito questo terremoto
Data & ora: 2021-06-14 13:53:07 SAST (GMT+02:00) local time (14 Jun 2021 11:53 GMT)
Magnitudine: 4.2
Prof.: 10.0 km
Epicentro latitudine / longitudine: 19.19°S / 30.3°E (Midlands Province, Zimbabwe)
Fonte dati primaria: CGS
News precedente
Mon, 14 Jun 2021, 10:25
Significant magnitude 5.2 quake hits 76 km southeast of Romana, Dominican Republic early morning
An earthquake of magnitude 5.2 occurred only 8 minutes ago 76 km southeast of Romana, Dominican Republic, the United States Geological Survey reported. ... Read all
Small tremor of magnitude 3.0 just reported 37 miles northwest of Chase, Alaska, United States
An earthquake of magnitude 3.0 occurred late at night on Sunday 13 June 2021 at 11:10 pm local time near Chase, Matanuska-Susitna, Alaska, USA, as reported by the United States Geological Survey. ... Read all
Small magnitude 3.5 earthquake 26 miles northwest of Santa Rosa, California, United States
A magnitude 3.5 earthquake near Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, California, USA, was reported only 8 minutes ago by the United States Geological Survey, considered the key international and national agency that monitors seismic activity in the US. The earthquake occurred at a very shallow depth of 1.9 miles beneath the epicenter in the evening on Sunday 13 June 2021 at 8:16 pm local time. The exact magnitude, epicenter, and depth of the quake might be revised within the next few hours or minutes as seismologists review data and refine their calculations, or as other agencies issue their report. ... Read all
Magnitude 4.3 earthquake strikes near Matias Romero, Matías Romero Avendaño, Oaxaca, Mexico
An earthquake of magnitude 4.3 occurred only 19 minutes ago 41 km northwest of Matias Romero, Mexico, Mexico's National Seismological Service (SSN) reported. ... Read all
Terremoti nel mondo - rapporto sismico per domenica, 13 giugno 2021
Sommario: 5 terremoti M5+, 39 terremoti M4+, 152 terremoti M3+, 219 terremoti M2+ (415 in totale) ... Read all
Sun, 13 Jun 2021, 23:50
Volcano earthquake report for Sunday, 13 Jun 2021
Quakes detected near: Askja (11 quakes between mag 0.2-1.9), Bardarbunga (4 quakes between mag 0.7-1.2), Clear Lake (52 quakes between mag 0.3-4.0), Fagradalsfjall (3 quakes between mag 0.5-2.0), Garibaldi (1 quake mag 3.0), Herdubreid (18 quakes between mag 0.3-1.3) ... Read all
Small earthquake of magnitude 3.5 just reported 45 miles north of Chickaloon, Alaska, United States
The United States Geological Survey reported a magnitude 3.5 quake in the United States near Chickaloon, Matanuska-Susitna, Alaska, only 7 minutes ago. The earthquake hit early afternoon on Sunday 13 June 2021 at 2:26 pm local time at a moderately shallow depth of 22 miles. The exact magnitude, epicenter, and depth of the quake might be revised within the next few hours or minutes as seismologists review data and refine their calculations, or as other agencies issue their report. ... Read all
Moderate magnitude 4.7 quake hits 46 km northwest of Ishqoshim, Tajikistan after midnight
Just 14 minutes ago, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake struck near Ishqoshim, Ishkoshim, Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan. The tremor was recorded after midnight on Monday 14 June 2021 at 12:45 am local time, at an intermediate depth of 102.9 km below the surface. ... Read all
Moderate 4.3 quake hits near Kitaibaraki, Kitaibaraki-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
An earthquake of magnitude 4.3 occurred early morning on Monday 14 June 2021 at 4:06 am local time near Kitaibaraki, Kitaibaraki-shi, Ibaraki, Japan, as reported by Japan's National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED). ... Read all
Small magnitude 3.2 earthquake 13 miles northwest of Brawley, California, United States
An earthquake of magnitude 3.2 occurred only 7 minutes ago 13 miles northwest of Brawley, California, United States, the United States Geological Survey reported. ... Read all
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In Central America Costa Rica Food
Top 8 Delicious Food to Eat in Costa Rica
By Ilona February 24, 2021
When I thought of Costa Rica, delicious food wasn't the first highlight that came to my mind. I was expecting wildlife, cloud forests and waterfalls, but I never thought about Costa Rican dishes. Maybe because their cuisine isn't well-known worldwide, or perhaps because I was too excited about the chance of seeing sloths.
But it turns out that food in Costa Rica is quite tasty. We tried a variety of dishes while travelling through the country, served at food stalls, in small cafes or excellent restaurants. And we are not the only ones who enjoyed eating out in Costa Rica. Below, you can find eight foods you should try, recommended by fellow travel bloggers.
#1 Tamales
You can find Tamales in countries all around Latin America, but in Costa Rica, they do Tamales a little differently. They are much more than a road side snack. For Costa Ricans, Tamales are a holiday dish eaten during the Christmas season.
Tamales originated from the Aztecs in Mexico where they wrap the dish in corn husks. However, in Costa Rica, they are wrapped in banana leaves. Over the years, Spanish elements have been added to Tamales like rice or pork, which is characteristic of Costa Rica's unique blending of cultures.
A lot of work is required to make this savoury dish. So during the holidays, families tend to come together to make the filling from scratch and prepare the banana leaves.
Masa is a starchy corn-based dough, and for Tamales, cheese, vegetables or meats are typically mixed in. The masa is wrapped in a perfectly cut and pressed banana leaf then steamed or boiled.
You can find this dish all over the countries and done right it is one of our favourite Costan dishes! If you are visiting outside of the holiday season you can still find Tamales on the menu in speciality eateries or tourist restaurants – you just have to keep your eye out for them!
Contributed by sustainable travel bloggers Oksana & Max from Drink Tea & Travel
#2 Rice and Beans
Although the national dish of Costa Rica is gallo pinto, a rice and beans dish, once you travel down south towards the coastal area in towns like Puerto Viejo, it's not the most common rice dish.
In fact, it is more common to see rice and beans a dish that has no Spanish name. Locals who speak no English, call it rice and beans and it's because it evolved from the traditional Jamaican food, rice and peas.
The cuisine in southern Costa Rica is a mix of both Spanish and Caribbean influences. Jamaica has such a strong influence because many Jamaicans immigrated to Costa Rica to help build the railroad. In fact, many of the Costa Rican fruit we see are originally from Jamaica, and they flourished in the country.
This is a simple dish made with white rice and red beans cooked in coconut milk and Panamanian pepper – a fruity but spicy pepper related to the scotch bonnet. Also known as aji chombo, it is not easy to find this spicy pepper in whole raw form in North America. However, substituting scotch bonnet or the milder jalapeno is perfectly acceptable.
There are variations of this dish on the coastal areas of Central America, in particular in Honduras and Belize where coconut milk is a common ingredient.
Contributed by Ayngelina from Bacon is Magic
#3 Ceviche
Ceviche is one of my favourite foods… and having lived in Peru for over 10 years, I have tasted a fair few different versions of this delicious raw fish dish. However, I have to say eating ceviche in Costa Rica in the sweltering heat takes my appreciation of ceviche to a whole new level!
While Peru's ceviche is raw fish, "cooked" in fresh lime or lemon juice, with coriander and raw onion … Costa Rica's ceviche adds in peppers (or chillies), and is frequently served in a cocktail class with soda crackers and lettuce. I've also seen the Ticos (that is a nickname for the Costa Ricans!) smother their ceviche in Tabasco or Tomato Sauce (ketchup). The Peruvians would be horrified.
The origins of ceviche, while attributed to Peru, are a little murky. Some think that possibly the practice came from Moorish Spain and was brought with the Spanish conquest. Others think that it came from one of the Pre Incan cultures of Peru.
Whatever you do, don't miss ceviche when you are in Costa Rica!
Contributed by Ariana from World of Travels with Kids
#4 Patacones
If there's one simple snack in Costa Rica you shouldn't miss, it has to be patacones or fried plantains. Also known as twice-fried plantains, it's pure delight when you bite into this tasty, warm, crunchy/chewy, slightly sweet snack. But even with its sweetness, patacones can be considered a healthy snack perfect for when you want to stay in good shape while traveling.
You can eat patacones as a treat after a long day or as an appetizer. But for me, I love pairing them with a variety of dish including braised beef, refried beans, mango salsa, and even guacamole. If you want a more enjoyable experience eating this while in Costa Rica, I suggest you head to Restauranticos as they have the best patacones in the area.
Meanwhile, if you'd like to stay in and cook your own food during your travels, you'd be glad to know that patacones is a no-brainer recipe. Simply pick the best quality plantains you can find in the local market and slice them into big round pieces.
Fry them until they turn yellow and then take them out of the pan. While still warm, smash them and then fry them again until golden brown. Add that to your recipe bank and whip up some to enjoy with friends.
Contributed by Lucile from Lucile HR
Even if you can't travel to Costa Rica right now, you can make patacones at home. Find out how in this virtual cooking class!
#5 Casado
The casado is a traditional Costa Rican dish that literally translates to 'married man' in Spanish. It is the most popular dish in Costa Rica currently and you can find it virtually anywhere when you're traveling there.
It is possible to try a Casado dish in restaurants, at street vendors, and in homes.
The ingredients used to create a casado are tortillas, black beans, plantains, rice, and salad. Sometimes, you'll find typical meats such as beef, fish, chicken, and pork on the plate. And sometimes you'll find fruit like avocado, like this one in Montezuma on the Pacific Coast.
There are many stories detailing why it is called 'married man' and one theory states that it is the food of a married man as they consume it often.
Another story indicates that all of the ingredients in a casado dish complement one another as though they are 'married'. But nevertheless, no one really knows the true origins of its meaning.
For years, the casado has been a dish that provides energy for the day and it has become such a staple in the Costa Rican diet. If you're traveling to Costa Rica, you definitely have to add the casado to your 'must-try' list!
Contributed by Aram from Megan & Aram
#6 Gallo Pinto
As Ayngelina already mentioned above, Gallo Pinto is Costa Rica's national dish. You can find it pretty much everywhere you go, even though, in some areas, you will see more rice and beans.
Those two dishes are very similar, and Gallo Pinto consists of, well, rice and beans. Usually, people cook the beans first until their moisture has almost evaporated, and then add the already cooked rice. Afterwards, they season it with chillies, cilantro or onions.
Unlike rice and beans, Gallo Pinto does not include any coconut milk and therefore tastes different. You can find it all over the country, but the beans used in the dish vary. In some areas, you'll see it with red beans, while in others, you'll get black ones.
Gallo Pinto, by the way, means "spotted rooster". That name refers to the speckled appearance of the dish, with rice and beans mixed together.
#7 Arroz Con Leche
Who doesn't love desserts?
One of our favourite desserts to eat all over Latin America is arroz con leche. So it shouldn't come as a surprise to you that this is also a dessert we recommend you to try in Costa Rica.
Arroz con leche is a very simple dish. You cook rice with milk. In Costa Rica, people will use condensed milk, evaporated milk and either regular milk or water. Cinnamon and cloves give additional flavour.
I love arroz con leche because of how sweet and sticky it is. Don't eat this if you're expecting a light dessert. I'd usually have a tiny cup, and even that would have been enough to replace dinner.
In Costa Rica, you will mostly find arroz con leche with cinnamon on top. Some places also add vanilla extract to the mixture, which gives it additional flavour. If you see a variation with fruit, go for it. The sweet and creamy rice blends well together with whatever fruit you use as a topping.
#8 Batido
Or refresco or natural. In Costa Rica, fruit shakes have many names. The most universal one, that you can also use in many other countries in Central and South America, is batido.
Batido is a shake made with fruit and either ice or milk. Usually, the ones with milk cost extra, but I also find them more delicious. Nothing better than a good mango or maracuya (passion fruit) batido! Depending on the size of the serving, this is an excellent snack to get while out exploring. One of those, served with milk, would keep me full for hours.
As we already said above, you will get many opportunities to try food in Costa Rica. One of the best places, though, is at a soda. Those local restaurants will almost always have some traditional food for you to try.
Which food did you like in Costa Rica? Or do you have a favourite that we missed?


Download Alternative Facts Post Truth The Information War Reference Shelf book pdf or read power of hope book pdf online books in PDF, EPUB and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online button to get Alternative Facts Post Truth The Information War Reference Shelf book pdf book now.
This volume will explore news consumption and media manipulation, including selective curation of news stories and the lack of a shared news narrative. It will examine the effect of internet subcultures that manipulate news feeds, set agendas, and push ideas forward. It will investigate internet media's dependence on trending analytics and metrics, sensationalism of headlines and advertising driven models of news publishing. The volume will also explore the negative effect of public consumption of false or misleading news.


Today I'd like to share with you another team page template for Adobe Muse. Classic circle design with hover effect can be used for your next personal or commercial project. If you like the design, feel free to download it and do not forget to spread the world please.


text:
(function () {

    /**
     * Common base class for input elements. Bindable widget providing bi-directional bind of value
     */
    Aria.classDefinition({
        $classpath : "aria.html.InputElement",
        $extends : "aria.html.Element",
        $dependencies : ["aria.html.DisabledTrait"],
        $statics : {
            INVALID_USAGE : "Widget %1 can only be used as a %2.",
            BINDING_NEEDED : "The property '%2' from Widget %1 should be bound to a data model"
        },
        $constructor : function (cfg, context, line, type) {
            cfg.tagName = "input";
            cfg.attributes = cfg.attributes || {};
            cfg.attributes.type = type;

            this.$Element.constructor.call(this, cfg, context, line);
        },
        $prototype : {

            /**
             * Prototype init method called at prototype creation. It copies all methods from the prototype of
             * aria.html.DisabledTrait
             * @param {Object} p the prototype object being built
             */
            $init : function (p) {
                var src = aria.html.DisabledTrait.prototype;
                for (var key in src) {
                    if (src.hasOwnProperty(key) && !p.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                        p[key] = src[key];
                    }
                }
            },

            /**
             * Input elements can only be used as self closing tags. Calling this function raises an error.
             * @param {aria.templates.MarkupWriter} out
             */
            writeMarkupBegin : function (out) {
                this.$logError(this.INVALID_USAGE, [this.$class, "container"]);
            },

            /**
             * Input elements can only be used as self closing tags. Calling this function does not rais an error though
             * because it was already logged by writeMarkupBegin.
             * @param {aria.templates.MarkupWriter} out
             */
            writeMarkupEnd : Aria.empty,

            /**
             * Initialization method called after the markup of the widget has been inserted in the DOM.
             */
            initWidget : function () {
                this.$Element.initWidget.call(this);
                this.initDisabledWidgetAttribute();
            },

            /**
             * Function called when a value inside 'bind' has changed.
             * @param {String} name Name of the property
             * @param {Object} value Value of the changed property
             * @param {Object} oldValue Value of the property before the change happened
             */
            onbind : function (name, value, oldValue) {
                this.$Element.onbind.apply(this, arguments);
                this.onDisabledBind(name, value, oldValue);
            }

        }
    });
})();


Hagar is currently the lead singer of a hard rock band called Chickenfoot and has reestablished his roots in a blues-based rock band. He also has a passion for great food and tequila and his Cabo Wabo cantinas in Cabo San Lucas and Lake Tahoe have led to a new establishment in Las Vegas.
He also has Sammy's Beach Bar and Grill in Las Vegas, where profits go to the Hagar Family Foundation which benefits local children's charities.


text:
Author Ben HohenstattPosted on August 14, 2014 Categories Listen to ThisTags Louie Louie, The Sonics, The Sonics- Louie LouieLeave a comment on Deviation on a standard
I twee dead people
I recently heard "Ghost Story" by Charming Disaster during the weather segment of the wonderfully weird podcast, "Welcome to Nightvale", and I immediately loved it.
"Ghost Story" is an extremely unconventional love song with enjoyable, although much more traditional twee instrumentation and vocals.
A man and a woman sing plaintively and familiarly about love over twanging string instruments and stomp-clap drumming. The wrinkle in the the oft-used arrangement is that the love of the song's focus is between a woman and her recently deceased husband's spirit.
The woman's husband is dead and rotting in the ground, but she's found peace with he's doting ghost she never knew with his corporal form, and it makes for a bizarre, sweet love song.
Author Ben HohenstattPosted on August 8, 2014 Categories Listen to ThisTags charming disaster, charming disaster ghost story, Night vale, welcome to nightvale episode 50 weatherLeave a comment on I twee dead people
The punk CCR's most on the nose tune
The Gun Club were from California, as was Credence Clear Water Revival. The Gun Club mined Bayou culture for their sound, as did CCR. The Gun Club sang about murder, sex, drugs, violence and feelings of abject depravity, unlike CCR.
While many of the influential Los Angeles punk band's songs mention swamps or voodoo and shamanistic tendencies, the second track on The Gun Club's second album, Miami is their most obvious appropriation of Southern culture.
"Like Calling Up Thunder" features a guitar lick very similar to the opening notes of "Dixie" and contains the refrain, "Look away, look away, look away and leave me alone."
There doesn't seem to be much of a reason for evoking the anthem of the Confederacy, but it's influence is obviously present, and it does add an appropriately ancient, decrepit air to a song about summoning lighting, communicating with spirits and killing.
"Like Calling Up Thunder" is a typically excellent, unhinged song by The Gun Club.
Author Ben HohenstattPosted on August 6, 2014 Categories Listen to ThisTags Gun Club Miami, Like Calling Up Thunder, Miami, The Gun ClubLeave a comment on The punk CCR's most on the nose tune