text:
Are recess appointments that occur during a pro forma session really recess appointments?
Recently, President Obama nominated Richard Cordray to be the first head of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. A position created by the controversial Dodd/Frank financial reform legislation, Republicans had been blocking all appointments (notably Elizabeth Warren who was the architect of the department) in that they did not believe in the existence of the department. As a result, President Obama chose to appoint Richard Cordray through a recess appointment to avoid Senate confirmation that he believed he would not be able to secure.
However, the Republicans left the Senate opened in a pro forma session (where no business is conducted and the body is opened and closed in a matter of seconds) during the period of the appointment specifically to avoid this inevitability.
Is there any precedent indicating that this move might stand up to a legal challenge? Have there been any cases at all where the Supreme Court has ruled on the recess appointment language in the Constitution?
united-states senate senate-rules
Michael Kingsmill
Michael KingsmillMichael Kingsmill
I believe the Supreme Court will be answering this soon. Someone should invite a Justice to answer this :) – mikeazo Dec 18 '12 at 1:05
Just to update, this question is going before the Supreme Court today. – Bobson Jan 13 '14 at 19:23
In the absence of Supreme Court precedent on the topic, it appears the January 25th, 2013 ruling on this matter by the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit will remain the definitive answer to this question unless and until the Supreme Court chooses to hear this case.
The ruling addressed 3 appointments to the National Labor Relations Board made on the same day as the Richard Cordray appointment. From the POLITICO article, in their holding, the Appeals Court said:
"[T]he President made his three appointments to the Board on January 4, 2012, after Congress began a new session on January 3 and while that new session continued," the court wrote in its decision. "Considering the text, history, and structure of the Constitution, these appointments were invalid from their inception."
So the law of the land is (at least currently), that pro forma sessions constitute real Congressional sessions for the purpose of identifying Constitutional "recesses".
In NLRB v. Canning, the Supreme Court unanimously affirmed this decision.
cpast
Ah. The BEST kind of working days for Congress - when NOTHING is done :) +1, good find! – user4012 Jan 25 '13 at 18:16
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged united-states senate senate-rules .
Ability of a minority party to hold a pro forma congressional session
Is there a video online that shows the congressional session which confirms the US Presidential Election?
Can an incoming U.S. President veto a bill passed during the lame-duck session?
How does the timeline of Donald Trump's appointments compare to that of previous President-elects?
How does the work of cabinet members get done while appointments are awaiting Senate confirmation?
U.S. Senate: Can the minority party maintain a pro-forma session and refuse to recess even if the House says they can?
Can the Senate reject recess appointments on their return?
Is it normal for House session videos to error, and are there alternative websites that host them?
Are there really no countries that protect Freedom of Speech as the United States does?


text:
articles by R. de Graaf
articles by M. ten Have
articles by C. van Gool
articles by S. van Dorsselaer
Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 54 (2012) 1, 27 - 38
Prevalence of mental disorders, and trends from 1996 to 2009. Results from NEMESIS-2
R. de Graaf, M. ten Have, C. van Gool, S. van Dorsselaer
background Little is known about the prevalence and trends of mental disorders in the Dutch population.
aim To present the prevalences of lifetime and 12-month dsm-iv mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders and impulse-control disorders reported in nemesis-2 (Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study), and to compare the 12-month prevalence of mood disorders, anxiety disorders and substance use disorders with estimates from the first study (nemesis-1).
method Between November 2007 and July 2009, face-to-face interviews were conducted among 6646 subjects aged 18-64 by means of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Trends in mental disorders were examined with these data and nemesis-1 data from 1996 (n = 7076).
results The lifetime prevalence in nemesis-2 was 20.2% for mood disorder, 19.6% for anxiety disorder, 19.1% for substance use disorder and 9.2% for impulse-control or behaviour disorder. For the 12-month disorders, the prevalences were 6.1%, 10.1%, 5.6% and 2.1%, respectively. Between 1996 and 2007-2009, there was no change in the 12-month prevalence of anxiety disorder and substance use disorder. The 12-month prevalence of mood disorder decreased slightly but was no longer significant after differences in the sociodemographic variables between the two studies had been taken into account.
conclusion This study shows that in the Netherlands mental disorders occur fairly frequently. Over about a decade, no clear change was found in the mental health status of the population.
keywords general population study, mental disorders, prevalence, determinants, trends

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
using System;
using Server.Items;
using Server.Events.Halloween;

namespace Server.Engines.Events
{
	public class PumpkinPatchSpawner
	{
		private static Timer m_Timer;

		private static Rectangle2D[] m_PumpkinFields =
		{
				  new Rectangle2D( 4557, 1471, 20, 10 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 796, 2152, 36, 24 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 816, 2251, 16, 8 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 816, 2261, 16, 8 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 816, 2271, 16, 8 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 816, 2281, 16, 8 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 835, 2344, 16, 16 ),
				  new Rectangle2D( 816, 2344, 16, 24 )
		};

		public static void Initialize()
		{
			DateTime now = DateTime.Now;

			if( DateTime.Now >= HolidaySettings.StartHalloween && DateTime.Now <= HolidaySettings.FinishHalloween )
			{
				m_Timer = Timer.DelayCall( TimeSpan.Zero, TimeSpan.FromMinutes( .50 ), 0, new TimerCallback( PumpkinPatchSpawnerCallback ));
			}
		}

		protected static void PumpkinPatchSpawnerCallback()
		{
			AddPumpkin( Map.Felucca );
			AddPumpkin( Map.Trammel );
		}

		private static void AddPumpkin( Map map )
		{
			for( int i = 0; i < m_PumpkinFields.Length; i++ )
			{
				Rectangle2D rect = m_PumpkinFields[ i ];

				int spawncount = ( ( rect.Height * rect.Width ) / 20 );
				int pumpkins = 0;

				foreach( Item item in map.GetItemsInBounds( rect ) )
				{
					if( item is HalloweenPumpkin )
					{
						pumpkins++;
					}
				}

				if( spawncount > pumpkins )
				{
					Item item = new HalloweenPumpkin();

					item.MoveToWorld( RandomPointIn( rect, map ), map );
				}
			}
		}

		private static Point3D RandomPointIn( Rectangle2D rect, Map map )
		{
			int x = Utility.Random( rect.X, rect.Width );
			int y = Utility.Random( rect.Y, rect.Height );
			int z = map.GetAverageZ( x, y );

			return new Point3D( x, y, z );
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: return all rows even if relationship is empty in wherehas I have 2 tables Posts and Categories and I am trying to display them in an accordion. Categories and Posts inside each category. I was able to do it using Category::with('posts').
The problems (where I need help) is when I am trying to filter the posts. I have this code:
$data = Category::with('posts')->whereHas('posts.creator', function($query) use ($filteruser) {
    $query->where('id',=, $filteruser);
});

the problem is:

*

*I want all the categories to still return for display even if no post (after a filter) is returned. My code above doesn't do that and I can't think of how I can do it.

*if category 1 has one post that matches the filter, it will also return all the other post in the same category. I only want to show the posts that matches the filter.

Are these possible?

A: Assuming that posts have a column user_id which relates it to the creator record.
Try
$data = Category::with(['posts' => function($query) use ($filteruser) {
        $query->with('creator')->where('user_id', $filteruser);
    }])
    ->get();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
UPDATE: Rescue Underway at North Jetty
by Kimberly Wear
Mark McKenna photos and video
Waves breaking over the North Jetty today.
UPDATE: The victim is being transported via a Coast Guard helicopter for medical treatment in unknown condition, according to the sheriff's office.
The Humboldt County Sheriff's Office reports a 67-year-old woman swept off the North Jetty today as high surf hits the area has been rescued from the water, with CPR being performed at the scene.
A member of the Humboldt County Sheriff's Office walks with a family member of the woman as she was pulled from the surf and was administered CPR.
The sheriff's office and the Coast Guard responded to the incident, according to a HCSO tweet.
The National Weather Service Eureka has issued a high surf advisory along the North Coast as waves up to 28 feet are expected today through noon Tuesday.
#HappeningNow Search and Rescue underway at the North Jetty after a 67-year-old female victim was reportedly swept out into the ocean. HCSO and USCG responding.
— HumCoSO (@HumCoSO) December 7, 2020
Emergency Humboldt County Sheriff's Office North Jetty Coast Guard rescue high surf advisory


The theme Scripture should be recited often by the students, and they should be encouraged to memorize the Scripture passage.
Theme Verse: "Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved [have Eternal- LIFE]" (Romans 10:13).
Below is an acrostic the E-LIFE Kids should memorize and can use when witnessing to another boy or girl—in this context referred to as sharing "The Story." Help the E-LIFE Kids memorize the Scripture verses and rehearse the E-LIFE Plan application often so they can share the plan of salvation with other kids.
Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life [E-LIFE].
1 John 1:9 If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us.


The paper applies a reduced-form model to uncover from secondary market's Brady bond prices, together with Libor interest rates, how the risk of sovereign default is perceived to depend upon time. The methodology is implemented on a particular issue, a discount bond issued by Brazil and maturing in April 2024. It is shown that subsuming liquidity risk in default risk may result in a misspecified model that, while generating the desired negative correlation between credit spreads and default-free interest rates, also generates negative probabilities of default at long horizons.


United Methodists believe in God, the divinity of Christ and the presence of the Holy Spirit in our lives. In these three respects we are the same as many 'mainline Protestant' churches.
Our belief in the Bible is central to our faith. The Bible is the record of God's people living out God's promise. The Bible is the "living word" of God. Through scripture God continues to speak to each generation anew.
As United Methodists we are inclined to take the Bible seriously, but not necessarily literally in every instance.
The 18th century founder of the Methodist movement in England, John Wesley, suggested that the Bible is the primary source of God's revelation. He said that we also rely on the lens that reason afford us, on church tradition and on personal experience as we read and interpret scripture. All of these means together will reveal who God is and what God wills for us today.
We believe, as the United Methodist mission statement proclaims, that it is our purpose as a community of faith to "make disciples of Jesus Christ for the transformation of the world." It is our understanding that this transformation of the world begins with our own willingness to allow the transforming love of God to work within the context of our own lives.
We are an 'open communion' church where all people regardless of church membership are welcomed to receive the sacraments of baptism and Holy Communion, along with the other programs and ministries of the church.
We are a connectional church: We are connected by a common mission and network of resources with thousands of United Methodist churches in North America and with many more around the globe.
More about the Sacraments: United Methodists recognize only those sacraments in which Jesus participated—Baptism and the Lord's Supper. More information on sacraments, and general questions.
For United Methodists, baptism is a symbol of new life and a promise of God's saving love. Both infants and adults can be baptized. A person receives the sacrament only once in his or her life. Water is the special symbol of baptism.
More about our faith can be found on the United Methodist website.


text:
Plasma Physics Overview
Current PhD opportunities
Magnetic Fusion and Dusty Plasmas
Inertial Confinement Fusion
Laser Plasma Accelerators (JAI)
Lab Astrophysics and High Energy Densities
High Power Laser Development
UROP applications in plasma
Notes for postgraduate applicants
Novel particle acceleration based on laser wakefield accelerators
Professor Zulfikar Najmudin
Experimental (may include simulational work)
Laser wakefield accelerators are being investigated for the next generation of particle accelerators. A high intensity laser pulse generates a large amplitude plasma wave, which can accelerate particles at a rate more than thousands of times faster than conventional accelerators. Acceleration of electrons sourced directly from the plasma is now well established with wakefield accelerators. However, the beams produced are not yet of the quality required for the high energy physics applications. This project will investigate novel techniques to improve the beam quality from laser wakefield accelerators including structuring of targets and staged acceleration. The work will be performed using the high-power lasers at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory as well as with the laser being developed in the basement of the Blackett Laboratory
Funding JAI studentship
Radiation pressure effects at the focus of intense lasers
State-of-the-art lasers can now reach intensities well in excess of 1020 Wcm-2 at focus. When directed onto a target that is sufficiently dense that it can stop the laser beam, the intense radiation pressure can directly drive the critical density surface of the target. This can manifest itself in a number of ways. It can drive a collisionless shocks which can be diagnosed by the ions it accelerates in its path. Alternatively, for sufficiently thin targets, the whole plasma can be propelled forward gaining momentum as it propagates. The result in both cases is the production of dense beams of energetic ions. These ions could have numerous applications, not least in next-generation particle accelerators. The project proposed here will investigate radiation pressure driven acceleration schemes through optimisation of targets and of the characteristics of the laser beam that drives them. The experiments will take place on the high intensity lasers at the Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory and the IR laser at the ATF Brookhaven National Laboratory. A near term goal is to produce protons with energies exceeding 100 MeV, which would be of interest for applications such as radiation treatment of tumours or for fast heating of fusion capsules.
Optimising shock velocities for inertial confinement fusion
Title: Optimising shock velocities for inertial confinement fusion
Supervisor: Professor Zulfikar Najmudin
Type: Experimental (but will include simulation work)
Recent advances in inertial confinement fusion have recently measured energy output greater than the mechanical energy put into the compression of a DT capsule finally demonstrating the laser-driven ignition of a fusion pellet [1] [2]. These exciting results suggest that we are at the dawn of being able to control fusion in the laboratory, and potentially opening this up as a new source of (carbon-free) energy. These results were made possible by continuing improvements in capsule design and better understanding of the power balance between laser beams to ensure more uniform irradiation of the capsule being compressed. However, the results to-date still suffer from shot-to-shot fluctuation, with only one shot providing an energy yield well in excess of the energy given to the capsule. Most of the difficulties in the compression have been a result of lower-than-expected velocities for the laser-driven shocks that initiate the compression, which has only been inferred the poor neutron yields in previous shots. Being able to diagnose and characterise the shock formation and velocity would be a major step in better controlling the inertial confinement process.
We have been developing new x-ray imaging techniques for characterising dense matter interaction with high temporal and spatial resolutions. This source is based on synchrotron radiation from laser wakefield accelerators. The same large fields that make wakefield accelerators much more compact than conventional accelerators, also make them emit synchrotron radiation strongly. The source, with its small temporal and spatial emission size, and high photon energy (> 10 keV) is ideal for diagnosing dense dynamic systems [3]. We propose to use this imaging source to better understand the coupling of laser energy to a variety of targets in direct-laser driven targets as would be found in ICF experiments. We also attempt to observe and optimise the shock formation depending on different laser smoothing techniques used to give a more uniform illumination of the targets.
[Online]. Available: https://www.llnl.gov/news/national-ignition-facility-experiment-puts-researchers-threshold-fusion-ignition.
[Online]. Available: https://physicsworld.com/a/national-ignition-facility-heralds-significant-step-towards-fusion-break-even-target/.
J. C. Wood et al, "Ultrafast Imaging of Laser Driven Shock Waves using Betatron X-rays from a Laser Wakefield Accelerator," Scientific Reports, vol. 8, p. 11010, 2018.
Using Laser Wakefield Accelerators Probing strong field QED
When charged particles accelerate they radiate, and so must lose energy and momentum. The force on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field, the Lorentz force does not include this "radiation reaction". Radiation reaction can be added ad hoc into classical electromagnetism, however as the force on the electrons increases it becomes necessary to include quantum effects. Various approaches to modelling this quantum radiation reaction have been proposed, but they are yet to be tested experimentally.
Quantum radiation reaction plays a role anywhere there are extreme electromagnetic fields, including the extreme magnetic fields of magnetars and spinning blackholes.
In the lab one way to reach the quantum radiation reaction regime is to collide a high energy electron bunch with a high intensity laser as in the rest frame of the electron bunch the electric fields can approach the critical field of quantum electrodynamics.
In 2018 our group published some of the first measurements of radiation reaction in the collision between a high intensity laser and a high energy electron beam, using a Laser Wakefield accelerator. However, the measurement was not able to clearly discriminate between different models of quantum radiation reaction. We are actively pursuing further experiments in this area to make the first definitive measurement of quantum radiation reaction and are looking to recruit a PhD student in 2021 to join this program.
For further information please contact Dr Stuart Mangles.
Using Laser Wakefield Accelerators to Make Matter From Light
When two photons collide normally nothing happens, however if the photons have enough energy they can collide creating an electron-positron pair. This process was first predicted by Breit and Wheeler in the 1930s, but has not been observed in the laboratory using real photons. This is because it is a major challenge to produce bright enough photon sources to make a sufficient number of positrons to be detected.
The Breit Wheeler process is important in astrophysics - it prevents very high energy gamma rays travelling long distances across the universe and also leads to production of vast amounts matter in the accretion disks near black holes.
We are developing a new platform for making this observation for the first time, based on the very bright photon sources that can be produced using laser-plasma interactions. By generating high-energy gamma rays using the electron beam from a Laser Wakefield accelerator and colliding them with the X rays generated by a rapidly heated plasma we expect to be able to produce up to 1 pair per shot.
Our first run at the Gemini laser facility in 2018 successfully showed that the background levels are sufficiently low to make a measurement, and by making a number of improvements to the experiment we hope to be able to make a clear observation. We are looking to recruit a student in 2021 to develop the improvements necessary to make a clear observation of light turning into matter.
For more information contact Dr Stuart Mangles.
Using Laser Wakefield Accelerators to Probe Matter in Extreme Conditions
Much of the visible universe exists in extreme conditions, for example at high pressures and temperatures inside stars and gas giant planets or in the presence of intense x-ray fluxes (eg the low density gas near black holes). Much of our understanding of these systems comes from detailed atomic physics calculations. However testing these models experimentally is very challenging -- such extreme conditions can now be created in the lab but only for very short periods of time (~ 1ps).
One of the ideal ways to study these highly transient lab systems under extreme conditions is to use X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and the ideal X-ray source would have a broad spectrum (to allow absorption features to be observed) and femtosecond duration (to freeze the transient behaviour). Our group has pioneered the development of X-ray radiation from laser wakefield accelerators which uniquely has both these properties.
We have recently developed an experimental platform for making X ray absorption measurements on the Gemini laser system (Kettle PRL 2019) and we are interested in recruiting students to start in 2021 who are interested in experimental or theoretical aspects of the study of matter in extreme conditions.
For more information please contact Stuart Mangles.


text:
FAQ: The taj mahal was originally commissioned as a?
1 Which artists work is often referred to as Proto Baroque?
2 Which artist is counted among the Caravaggisti?
3 Which artist is known for her Femmages?
4 Which postmodern architect's works are also considered deconstructivist?
5 Which work features the god Shamash?
6 How did Rubens work represent the culture it was created in?
7 Who is traditionally seen as the inventor of linear perspective?
8 Which movement was the foundation for Surrealism?
9 Which of the following artist was known as a regionalist?
10 What is Miriam Schapiro is known for?
11 Which pop artist derived his subjects from comic books?
12 Why did Miriam Schapiro use quilting in her work?
13 Is Deconstructivism a postmodernism?
14 Who invented Deconstructivism?
15 What does Deconstructivism mean?
Which artists work is often referred to as Proto Baroque?
Correggio was a Late Renaissance painter from Parma, Italy. His illusionistic ceilings like Assumption of the Virgin (1526-1530, Parma Cathedral dome; shown right) were a source of inspiration for many Baroque painters who followed in the 17th century.
Which artist is counted among the Caravaggisti?
At the height of his popularity in Rome during the late 1590s and early 1600s, Caravaggio's dramatic new style influenced many of his peers in the Roman art world. The first Caravaggisti included Mario Minniti, Giovanni Baglione (although his Caravaggio phase was short-lived), Leonello Spada and Orazio Gentileschi.
Which artist is known for her Femmages?
Contemporary Art A leader in the Pattern and Decoration movement, Schapiro is known for her "femmages," or collage paintings, which aim to reclaim traditional handicrafts associated with women's work, such as embroidery and sewing.
You might be interested: Readers ask: London pass westminster abbey?
Which postmodern architect's works are also considered deconstructivist?
Architects whose work is often described as deconstructivist (though in many cases the architects themselves reject the label) include Zaha Hadid, Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry, Rem Koolhaas, Daniel Libeskind, Bernard Tschumi, and Coop Himmelb(l)au.
Which work features the god Shamash?
Also known as the divine figure of justice, Shamash was thought to be the judge of the gods and humans. During the dark of night Shamash exercised his role as governor of the universe to the judge the underworld (Encyclopedia Britannica). The Code of Hammurabi is said to be written as a contract to Shamash (Horry).
How did Rubens work represent the culture it was created in?
How did Rubens ' work represent the culture it was created in? This is obviously from the Baroque period because on the intense light and a dramatic depiction. He obviously likes to paint religious themed paintings as well as portray women as some type of food or meat.
Who is traditionally seen as the inventor of linear perspective?
Alberti credits the concept of Linear Perspective to Filippo Brunelleschi. He even dedicated the 1436 edition of "On Painting" to Brunelleschi.
Which movement was the foundation for Surrealism?
Surrealism was a cultural movement which developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I and was largely influenced by Dada. The movement is best known for its visual artworks and writings and the juxtaposition of distant realities to activate the unconscious mind through the imagery.
Which of the following artist was known as a regionalist?
American Regionalism is best known through its " Regionalist Triumvirate" consisting of the three most highly respected artists of America's Great Depression era: Grant Wood, Thomas Hart Benton, and John Steuart Curry. All three studied art in Paris, but devoted their lives to creating a truly American form of art.
You might be interested: Readers ask: Buckingham palace seal removed?
What is Miriam Schapiro is known for?
Miriam Schapiro (also known as Mimi) (November 15, 1923 – June 20, 2015) was a Canadian-born artist based in the United States. She was a painter, sculptor, printmaker, and a pioneer of feminist art. She was also considered a leader of the Pattern and Decoration art movement.
Which pop artist derived his subjects from comic books?
Lichtenstein proved that he could fulfill demands for a "great" composition even though his subject matter derived from comic books. In addition to using the imagery from these mass-produced picture books, Lichtenstein appropriated the techniques used to create the images in comic books to create his paintings.
Why did Miriam Schapiro use quilting in her work?
I wanted to validate the traditional activities of women, to connect myself with the unknown women artists who made quilts, who had done the invisible 'woman's work ' of civilization. A woman artist experiences a contradiction in her life.
Is Deconstructivism a postmodernism?
Deconstructivism is a Postmodern architectural style characterised by the idea of fragmentation and the manipulation of a structure's surface.
Who invented Deconstructivism?
Deconstruction, form of philosophical and literary analysis, derived mainly from work begun in the 1960s by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida, that questions the fundamental conceptual distinctions, or "oppositions," in Western philosophy through a close examination of the language and logic of philosophical and
What does Deconstructivism mean?
: an architectural movement or style influenced by deconstruction that encourages radical freedom of form and the open manifestation of complexity in a building rather than strict attention to functional concerns and conventional design elements (such as right angles or grids)
Eiffel tower lights?
Question: Tours of windsor castle?
Quick Answer: Clarence house buckingham palace?


text:
Underdogs Change the Game When Facing Giants.
Small businesses are often considered underdogs in the world of marketing. But the world is filled with examples of underdogs who win. Underdogs that win follow a pattern.
Take the illustration of the classic underdog – the story of David versus Goliath from the Bible. David was the youngest son of Jesse, a shepherd, and was camping with the Israelite army. He faced Goliath of Gath, a giant with the Philistine army. Goliath challenged the Israelites with a man-to-man combat – Goliath against any man the Israelites chose. Goliath proposed a winner-take-all contest, where the winning combatant would also win for his army – and the loser's army would become servants to the winners. The Israelites were afraid to fight a larger Goliath. But David volunteered to fight Goliath man-to-man.
Goliath was a large man armed to the teeth – a bronze coat of mail that weighed more than 100 pounds, a helmet, armor covering his legs, a sword, and a spear – classic battle equipment for the day. David's leader gave David armor to wear and traditional battle equipment to carry.
But David changed the game – he went light. David choose to go to battle against Goliath with no armor and without traditional battle weapons of the day. Instead, he took his shepherd's staff, a sling, and a shepherd's pouch full of rocks – not the classic battle gear of the day.
When Goliath saw young David approach, Goliath disdained David, "Am I a dog, that you come at me with sticks?" Then Goliath taunted David with trash talk, "Come to me, and I will give your flesh to the birds of the air and to the beasts of the field."
Light and fast-moving, David placed a stone in his sling, wound up, and struck Goliath in the forehead with the stone. Goliath fell forward, and David took Goliath's own sword, and killed Goliath by cutting off Goliath's head. Game over.
How did David win?
David knew Goliath had a size advantage and stayed far from Goliath's reach.
David realized that Goliath was weighed down with heavy armor and battle gear. Heavy armor was considered a strength, but David took advantage of a slow-moving Goliath as a weakness.
David used what he knew and that which with he had experience – David had used a sling and rocks before.
David used Goliath's own sword to kill Goliath. A competitor's weapon can be used against the competitor.
David and Goliath is a great story for those who fought hand-to-hand combat thousands of years ago, but one may think, "This story doesn't much help run a small business in today's world. " Think again. Fast forward to a modern day business story of David versus Goliath - Netflix versus Blockbuster.
Netflix was the classic underdog – a small upstart that slayed entertainment industry giant Blockbuster. Blockbuster began operations in 1985. At its height in 2004, Blockbuster was a multi-billion dollar enterprise with more than 50 million members, 60,000 employees, and 9,000 stores worldwide.
Underdog Netflix began operations in 1997, an idea born after one of its founders, Reed Hastings, was assessed a $40 late fee for returning the video "Apollo 13" late to Blockbuster. Netflix originally began as a pay-per-rental video business. Videos were ordered via its website, at which point Netflix mailed physical video discs to renters. Netflix began its subscription business model in 1999, and added video streaming delivery to computers in 2007. Netflix thrives today, renting most if its media via online streaming.
In 2000, Blockbuster had the chance to buy Netflix for a small price, but the giant video rental chain chose not to purchase the upstart underdog. Blockbuster filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2010. Game over.
How did Netflix win?
Netflix began with an idea to relieve the customer's pain. It was a hassle to visit a Blockbuster store to rent a video, drive back home, watch the video, and visit the store to return the video in a few days, or face late fees. Netflix began by eliminating the drive to the video store – Netflix established a online method to order videos and had them delivered to the customers via post mail, and returned via post mail. No drive back and forth to the video store, often to find that the video the customer wanted was not available. Netflix had the right number of videos to mail (or to stream online) so that it always had what the customer wanted to rent. In addition, Netflix had a larger selection of available videos than Blockbuster could offer at Blockbuster's physical store location. Netflix used customer points of pain to win against Blockbuster.
Netflix eliminated the need to have physical stores by delivery via mail and via online ordering. At its height, the number of physical stores (distribution points) was considered a Blockbuster competitive advantage. No one else could match Blockbuster's number of retail locations. Netflix turned Blockbuster's strength into a weakness. Netflix chose not to play in Blockbuster's business model of expensive retail locations and its related high fixed costs. No physical stores, less fixed expenses.
David versus Goliath. Netflix versus Blockbuster. The little guy changed the game. Game changers find that moment when the lightbulb comes on – an "aha moment". Game changers change the rules to gain an advantage.
Here is how small businesses change the game to gain an advantage:
1. Use innovation to disrupt the playing field.
2. Display agility in business tactics, reacting to customer wants and needs in the moment.
3. Do what others don't want to do. Go down paths that others will not take.
4. Find customer pain points and remove the customer's pain. Game changers transform the "accepted rules" to relieve customer pain.
5. Capitalize on their own strengths. Game changers don't try to imitate the larger competitor.
6. Attack a competitor where they are weak, rather than attacking a competitor at its point of strength.
7. When facing giants and when facing challenges of biblical proportions, underdogs deliver their message with a punch.
The digital world provides a variety of ways to deliver for small businesses to deliver their message. Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Digg, Youtube, Snapchat and a business website are just a few channels where small businesses can pack a punch.
Big Spark Media helps underdogs pack a punch. Find out how to tell your story, to get the advantage, and to gain new customers with Big Spark Media.
Article references:
1 Samuel 17 (ESV Bible)
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Samuel%2017&version=ESV
The Sad End Of Blockbuster Video (International Business Times)
http://www.ibtimes.com/sad-end-blockbuster-video-onetime-5-billion-company-being-liquidated-competition-online-giants
Your late fees are waived: Blockbuster closes (CNN)
http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/06/tech/gaming-gadgets/blockbuster-video-stores-impact/
Blockbuster LLC (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockbuster_LLC
Netflix (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netflix
Big Spark Media
http://bigsparkmedia.com
Tags: small, business, charities, businesses, customer, customers, charity, underdog, charitity, advantage, strategy, win, winner, winning, competition, competitor


718 Sqdn. CTU Various aircraft, Seafires,Sea Furies, Fireflies, Avengers,Barracudas, Mosquitos, Sea Hornets, etc and anyone remember the Sturgeon that bought it whilst on trials on HMS Illustrious.
MY FAVORITE SHIP. MADE GREAT FRIENDS AND A SUPER GUY (TAFF).
I am one of the lucky ones who missed the liberty boat taking the men back to lusty on that night of October 17th 1948 where 29 men lost their lives in that awful storm.
I remember having my 18th birthday on HMS Illustrious on our travels to the Falklands war!


text:
Forum Selection & Automatic Termination Clauses
swolf@lewitthackman.com
msoroky@lewitthackman.com
kwallman@lewitthackman.com
tvernon@lewitthackman.com
Barry Kurtz & Bryan H. Clements' Article in Business Law News, a publication of the State Bar of California
"The fact that states generally require brewers to provide distributors with exclusive territories in which no competitors may distribute the brewer's beer demonstrates the degree to which beer distributors enjoy greater territorial protections than do franchisees…"
Click to read: Traditional Franchise and Beer Distribution Relationships: A Legal Comparison
Samuel C. Wolf Article in Valley Lawyer, a publication of the San Fernando Valley Bar Association
"Franchise lawsuits and most business litigation are usually economic in nature, and application of the economic loss rule will often narrow the scope of the claims and damages available as a remedy…"
Read: Using the Economic Loss Rule to Your Client's Benefit
Forum Selection Clause Held Enforceable
A federal court in Sacramento recently upheld a franchisor's forum selection clause and transferred an action brought by an area representative to the federal district court in the Western District of Texas.
HDYR operated a sushi restaurant in Austin, and sought to franchise the concept under the name How Do You Roll? HDYR entered into an area representative service agreement with the plaintiffs under which the plaintiffs were to solicit franchisees to purchase How Do You Roll? restaurants in Northern California.
The agreement contained a forum selection clause providing for exclusive venue for disputes in the state or federal district courts in Texas.
In the Ninth Circuit, a forum selection clause is generally considered unenforceable only if it was the result of fraud, undue influence, or overwhelming bargaining power; if the selected forum was so inconvenient that forcing the plaintiffs to litigate there would essentially deny them their day in court; or if enforcement would contravene a strong public policy in the forum where the suit was brought.
The court found that the plaintiffs presented no evidence that would void the forum selection clause. The court was not persuaded by the area representative's argument premised on the California Franchise Relations Act's (CFRA's) strong public policy against enforcing out-of-state forum selection clauses in franchise agreements, because the area representative agreement was not a franchise agreement. The court found that the area representative was retained to recruit franchisees, but was not a franchisee itself and was not the type of party that the CFRA was designed to protect.
The HDYR ruling is encouraging for franchisors since it illustrates the value of including well-conceived and well-drafted forum selection clauses in area representative agreements.
See: Estep v. Yuen Yung.
Nice Try Mr. Franchisee
In Fantastic Sam's Salons, Corp. v. Moassesfar, a federal court in Los Angeles denied a motion by former franchisees to dismiss Fantastic Sam's claims for breach of contract and trademark infringement based on the contractual limitations period in the parties' franchise agreements.
The franchisees were required to pay a weekly franchise fee so long as the franchisee used the franchisor's system or marks, whether authorized or not. The franchise agreement stated the agreements terminated automatically, without notice from the franchisor, if the franchisees' bank failed or refused to honor any authorized bank draft for the payment of any weekly fees for two consecutive weeks.
The franchisees' checks to the franchisor were dishonored, first in January 2011 and again in February 2012. However, the franchisees continued to operate both locations as Fantastic Sam's salons until October 2014, when a stipulation to terminate the franchise agreements was entered into in the franchisor's termination action filed in August 2014.
The Moassesfars argued that the agreement had automatically terminated when two consecutive payments were missed, thus barring the franchisor's claims. The court rejected this theory, noting that the automatic termination clause without notice was contrary to California law and that the requirement of notice and an opportunity to cure prior to termination was intended to protect franchisees against arbitrary terminations.
See: Fantastic Sam's Salon Corp. v. Moassesfar.


AP® U.S. History Test Prep in a Flash!
Each card has a punch-hole in one corner to accommodate an enclosed metal key-ring-style cardholder, so you can arrange the flash cards in any sequence that suits your study needs.
Bonus online practice test: Includes free access to one full-length online AP United States History test with all questions answered and explained.
©2016. High school. Boxed set of 500 flash cards. 5 x 5 x 3 inches. Cardstock.


text:
Het woord ontkenning wordt gebruikt in
familierecht, zie Ontkenning (familierecht)
logica en wiskunde, zie Logische negatie
psychologie, zie Ontkenning (psychologie)
de taalkunde, zie Polariteit (taalkunde)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
ASTRO NewsFront Page
A50 Wireless + Base Station Reviews
Lindsay Geektron - 01/10/2017 02/06/2017
The A50 Wireless + Base Station launched on October 26th. Our flagship gaming audio solution has been met with accolades and rave reviews. From streamers and influencers to technophiles alike, the A50 Wireless + Base Station has been recommended across the board as the new standard for wireless gaming audio, and has garnered praise throughout the industry.
We are pleased to bring authentic gaming gear to professional gamers and hard-core enthusiasts around the world and we wanted to share some of the great things that have been said about our latest A50 Wireless + Base Station with the ASTRO Family.
"The latest Astro A50 improves on the best high-end gaming headset around…" – Tom's Guide Best Gaming Headsets in 2017
"The A50 is back for 2016, and brings with it a new premium presentation." – PC World
"If you're looking to upgrade your game audio situation and have cash to spare, this is a solid option." – Kotaku
"The A50 Wireless Headset + Base Station is an all-around improvement that makes the A50 worthy of its premium product status." – Hi-Def Digest
"One of the big problems of wireless headsets is that, for all their convenience, the setup and short battery life can be a drag…Astro has addressed these problems with its latest update." – Mercury News
"It's hands down the best wireless gaming headset you can get…" – Dual Shockers
"I used this headset with not only video games but other forms of media such as music and movies and the clarity was rich. The comfort level and easy use makes this a treat to have for any gaming or multimedia setup." – Gstyle Magazine
"Astro Gaming's A50 is the best wireless gaming headset you can buy. It's comfortable, sounds excellent, and its charging cradle is incredibly convenient. It's expensive, but well worth the price if it's in your budget, making it our Editors' Choice." PC Magazine – Editors' Choice
"It all adds up to the finest gaming headset of this holiday — and the finest gaming headset we've seen in several years. For years, Astro has worked to set the bar for gaming headsets, delivering improvement after improvement. This year, it delivers headset nirvana." – NY Daily News
"As Astro's high end product, the A50 doesn't disappoint, and more importantly, this year's model has seen some major quality-of-life enhancements and slight but appreciated performance improvements." – Polygon
"If you're looking for better sound in Xbox or Windows 10 gaming, the Astro A50 is a wireless headset that delivers up to 15 hours of battery life while letting players hear enemies from every angle with Dolby 7.1 Surround Sound." – NBC's Holiday Gift Guide
"The inventiveness is almost Apple-like, making it the current king of the gaming headset market." – Mercury News
"We have absolutely zero problem in recommending the Astro A50 Wireless + Base Station if you are on the market for a premium gaming headset." – T3
"These aren't the cheapest cans on the market, but we're not sure there's anything out there with this kind of build quality." – CNet
"The Astro A50 gaming headset is by far the smartest wireless headphones I've ever used with my PC or one of my gaming consoles." – Venture Beat's "Holiday Gift Guide to the Best Gaming Headsets"
"When it's time to immerse yourself into any game world, the Astro A50s are an excellent choice." – Gamecrate
"Astro took all feedback it received over the past five years to help design a headset from the ground up. While the iconic design of the Astro headset remains relatively unchanged, the internal technology was rebuilt for a truly superior audio experience." – [a]list Daily
The Show Radio
Producer vs. Show
You can upgrade your wireless experience with the A50 Wireless + Base Station here. Thanks for being a part of the ASTRO Family!
ASTRO x BEYOND 2017
Things To Do @ PAX South


This product is of 90% formed by enzymatically hydrolysed (prodigested) Beef Albumin that is one of the highest quality sources of protein on the market. Enzymatic hydrolysis noticealby shortens time needed for predigestion of proteins and its function is therefore fullfilled virtually without any time delay.
AmixTM Monster Beef Protein is enriched by Creatine Monohydrate. Monster Beef furthermore contains Nitro Shot Complex, which consists of substances that will warm up your bloodstream and ensure faster supply of nutrients straight into main muscular fibres. The product further contains PhosphoMatrix that ensures supply of all necessary minerals that are very important for the athlets body.
Recommended dosage: Mix 1 scoop (33g) / sachet of AmixTM Monster Beef Protein with 200-300ml of cold water or low fat milk. Use a blender or hand held shaker, mix for 30 seconds. To change the flavor and sweetness of drink, change the amount of water used for preparation.


text:
local prog = "amalg.lua"
local cache = "amalg.cache"

-- Wrong use of the command line may cause warnings to be printed to
-- the console. This function is for printing those warnings:
local function warn( ... )
  io.stderr:write( "WARNING ", prog, ": " )
  local n = select( '#', ... )
  for i = 1, n do
    local v = tostring( (select( i, ... )) )
    io.stderr:write( v, i == n and '\n' or '\t' )
  end
end

-- Function for parsing the command line of `amalg.lua` when invoked
-- as a script. The following flags are supported:
--
-- *   `-o <file>`: specify output file (default is `stdout`)
-- *   `-s <file>`: specify main script to bundle
-- *   `-c`: add the modules listed in the cache file `amalg.cache`
-- *   `-d`: enable debug mode (file names and line numbers in error
--     messages will point to the original location)
-- *   `-a`: do *not* apply the `arg` fix (local alias for the global
--     `arg` table)
-- *   `-x`: also embed compiled C modules
-- *   `--`: stop parsing command line flags (all remaining arguments
--     are considered module names)
--
-- Other arguments are assumed to be module names. For an inconsistent
-- command line (e.g. duplicate options) a warning is printed to the
-- console.
local function parse_cmdline( ... )
  local modules, afix, use_cache, cmods, dbg, script, oname = {}, true

  local function set_oname( v )
    if v then
      if oname then
        warn( "Resetting output file `"..oname.."'! Using `"..v.."' now!" )
      end
      oname = v
    else
      warn( "Missing argument for -o option!" )
    end
  end

  local function set_script( v )
    if v then
      if script then
        warn( "Resetting main script `"..script.."'! Using `"..v.."' now!" )
      end
      script = v
    else
      warn( "Missing argument for -s option!" )
    end
  end

  local i, n = 1, select( '#', ... )
  while i <= n do
    local a = select( i, ... )
    if a == "--" then
      for j = i+1, n do
        modules[ select( j, ... ) ] = true
      end
      break
    elseif a == "-o" then
      i = i + 1
      set_oname( i <= n and select( i, ... ) )
    elseif a == "-s" then
      i = i + 1
      set_script( i <= n and select( i, ... ) )
    elseif a == "-c" then
      use_cache = true
    elseif a == "-x" then
      cmods = true
    elseif a == "-d" then
      dbg = true
    elseif a == "-a" then
      afix = false
    else
      local prefix = a:sub( 1, 2 )
      if prefix == "-o" then
        set_oname( a:sub( 3 ) )
      elseif prefix == "-s" then
        set_script( a:sub( 3 ) )
      elseif a:sub( 1, 1 ) == "-" then
        warn( "Unknown command line flag: "..a )
      else
        modules[ a ] = true
      end
    end
    i = i + 1
  end
  return oname, script, dbg, afix, use_cache, cmods, modules
end

-- The approach for embedding precompiled Lua files is different from
-- the normal way of pasting the source code, so this function detects
-- whether a file is a binary file (Lua bytecode starts with the `ESC`
-- character):
local function is_bytecode( path )
  local f, res = io.open( path, "rb" ), false
  if f then
    res = f:read( 1 ) == "\027"
    f:close()
  end
  return res
end

-- Read the whole contents of a file into memory without any
-- processing.
local function readfile( path, is_bin )
  local f = assert( io.open( path, is_bin and "rb" or "r" ) )
  local s = assert( f:read( "*a" ) )
  f:close()
  return s
end

-- Lua files to be embedded into the resulting amalgamation are read
-- into memory in a single go, because under some circumstances (e.g.
-- binary chunks, shebang lines, `-d` command line flag) some
-- preprocessing/escaping is necessary. This function reads a whole
-- Lua file and returns the contents as a Lua string.
local function readluafile( path )
  local is_bin = is_bytecode( path )
  local s = readfile( path, is_bin )
  if not is_bin then
    -- Shebang lines are only supported by Lua at the very beginning
    -- of a source file, so they have to be removed before the source
    -- code can be embedded in the output.
    s = s:gsub( "^#[^\n]*", "" )
  end
  return s, is_bin
end

-- Lua 5.1's `string.format("%q")` doesn't convert all control
-- characters to decimal escape sequences like the newer Lua versions
-- do. This might cause problems on some platforms (i.e. Windows) when
-- loading a Lua script (opened in text mode) that contains binary
-- code.
local function qformat( code )
  local s = ("%q"):format( code )
  return (s:gsub( "(%c)(%d?)", function( c, d )
    if c ~= "\n" then
      return (d~="" and "\\%03d" or "\\%d"):format( c:byte() )..d
    end
  end ))
end

-- When the `-c` command line flag is given, the contents of the cache
-- file `amalg.cache` are used to specify the modules to embed. This
-- function is used to load the cache file:
local function readcache()
  local chunk = loadfile( cache, "t", {} )
  if chunk then
    if setfenv then setfenv( chunk, {} ) end
    local result = chunk()
    if type( result ) == "table" then
      return result
    end
  end
end

-- When loaded as a module, `amalg.lua` collects Lua modules and C
-- modules that are `require`d and updates the cache file
-- `amalg.cache`. This function saves the updated cache contents to
-- the file:
local function writecache( c )
  local f = assert( io.open( cache, "w" ) )
  f:write( "return {\n" )
  for k,v in pairs( c ) do
    if type( k ) == "string" and type( v ) == "string" then
      f:write( "  [ ", qformat( k ), " ] = ", qformat( v ), ",\n" )
    end
  end
  f:write( "}\n" )
  f:close()
end

-- The standard Lua function `package.searchpath` available in Lua 5.2
-- and up is used to locate the source files for Lua modules and
-- library files for C modules. For Lua 5.1 a backport is provided.
local searchpath = package.searchpath
if not searchpath then
  local delim = package.config:match( "^(.-)\n" ):gsub( "%%", "%%%%" )

  function searchpath( name, path )
    local pname = name:gsub( "%.", delim ):gsub( "%%", "%%%%" )
    local msg = {}
    for subpath in path:gmatch( "[^;]+" ) do
      local fpath = subpath:gsub( "%?", pname )
      local f = io.open( fpath, "r" )
      if f then
        f:close()
        return fpath
      end
      msg[ #msg+1 ] = "\n\tno file '"..fpath.."'"
    end
    return nil, table.concat( msg )
  end
end

-- This is the main function for the use case where `amalg.lua` is run
-- as a script. It parses the command line, creates the output files,
-- collects the module and script sources, and writes the amalgamated
-- source.
local function amalgamate( ... )
  local oname, script, dbg, afix, use_cache, cmods, modules = parse_cmdline( ... )
  local errors = {}

  -- When instructed to on the command line, the cache file is loaded,
  -- and the modules are added to the ones listed on the command line.
  if use_cache then
    local c = readcache()
    for k,v in pairs( c or {} ) do
      modules[ k ] = v
    end
  end

  local out = io.stdout
  if oname then
    out = assert( io.open( oname, "w" ) )
  end

  -- If a main script is to be embedded, this includes a shebang line
  -- so that the resulting amalgamation can be run without explicitly
  -- specifying the interpreter on unixoid systems.
  if script then
    out:write( "#!/usr/bin/env lua\n\ndo\n\n" )
  end

  -- Every module given on the command line and/or in the cache file
  -- is processed.
  for m,t in pairs( modules ) do
    -- Only Lua modules are handled for now, so modules that are
    -- definitely C modules are skipped and handled later.
    if t ~= "C" then
      local path, msg  = searchpath( m, package.path )
      if not path and (t == "L" or not cmods) then
        -- The module is supposed to be a Lua module, but it cannot
        -- be found, so an error is raised.
        error( "module `"..m.."' not found:"..msg )
      elseif not path then
        -- Module possibly is a C module, so it is tried again later.
        -- But the current error message is saved in case the given
        -- name isn't a C module either.
        modules[ m ], errors[ m ] = "C", msg
      else
        local bytes, is_bin = readluafile( path )
        if is_bin or dbg then
          -- Precompiled Lua modules are loaded via the standard Lua
          -- function `load` (or `loadstring` in Lua 5.1). Since this
          -- preserves file name and line number information, this
          -- approach is used for all files if the debug mode is active
          -- (`-d` command line option).
          out:write( "package.preload[ ", qformat( m ),
                     " ] = assert( (loadstring or load)(\n",
                     qformat( bytes ), "\n, '@'..",
                     qformat( path ), " ) )\n\n" )
        else
          -- Under normal circumstances Lua files are pasted into a
          -- new anonymous vararg function, which then is put into
          -- `package.preload` so that `require` can find it. Each
          -- function gets its own `_ENV` upvalue (on Lua 5.2+), and
          -- special care is taken that `_ENV` always is the first
          -- upvalue (important for the `module` function on Lua 5.2).
          -- Lua 5.1 compiled with `LUA_COMPAT_VARARG` (the default) will
          -- create a local `arg` variable to emulate the vararg handling
          -- of Lua 5.0. This might interfere with Lua modules that access
          -- command line arguments via the `arg` global. As a workaround
          -- `amalg.lua` adds a local alias to the global `arg` table
          -- unless the `-a` command line flag is specified.
          out:write( "do\nlocal _ENV = _ENV\n",
                     "package.preload[ ", qformat( m ),
                     " ] = function( ... ) ",
                     afix and "local arg = _G.arg;\n" or "_ENV = _ENV;\n",
                     bytes, "\nend\nend\n\n" )
        end
      end
    end
  end

  -- If the `-x` command line flag is active, C modules are embedded
  -- as strings, and written out to temporary files on demand by the
  -- amalgamated code.
  if cmods then
    local nfuncs = {}
    -- To make the loading of C modules more robust, the necessary
    -- global functions are saved in upvalues (because user-supplied
    -- code might be run before a C module is loaded). The upvalues
    -- are local to a `do ... end` block, so they aren't visible in
    -- the main script code.
    --
    -- On Windows the result of `os.tmpname()` is not an absolute
    -- path by default. If that's the case the value of the `TMP`
    -- environment variable is prepended to make it absolute.
    local prefix = [=[
local assert = assert
local newproxy = newproxy
local getmetatable = assert( getmetatable )
local setmetatable = assert( setmetatable )
local os_tmpname = assert( os.tmpname )
local os_getenv = assert( os.getenv )
local os_remove = assert( os.remove )
local io_open = assert( io.open )
local string_match = assert( string.match )
local string_sub = assert( string.sub )
local package_loadlib = assert( package.loadlib )

local dirsep = package.config:match( "^([^\n]+)" )
local tmpdir
local function newdllname()
  local tmpname = assert( os_tmpname() )
  if dirsep == "\\" then
    if not string_match( tmpname, "[\\/][^\\/]+[\\/]" ) then
      tmpdir = tmpdir or assert( os_getenv( "TMP" ),
                                 "could not detect temp directory" )
      local first = string_sub( tmpname, 1, 1 )
      local hassep = first == "\\" or first == "/"
      tmpname = tmpdir..((hassep) and "" or "\\")..tmpname
    end
  end
  return tmpname
end
local dllnames = {}

]=]
    for m,t in pairs( modules ) do
      if t == "C" then
        -- Try a search strategy similar to the standard C module
        -- searcher first and then the all-in-one strategy to locate
        -- the library files for the C modules to embed.
        local path, msg  = searchpath( m, package.cpath )
        if not path then
          errors[ m ] = (errors[ m ] or "") .. msg
          path, msg = searchpath( m:gsub( "%..*$", "" ), package.cpath )
          if not path then
            error( "module `"..m.."' not found:"..errors[ m ]..msg )
          end
        end
        local qpath = qformat( path )
        -- Build the symbol(s) to look for in the dynamic library.
        -- There may be multiple candidates because of optional
        -- version information in the module names and the different
        -- approaches of the different Lua versions in handling that.
        local openf = m:gsub( "%.", "_" )
        local openf1, openf2 = openf:match( "^([^%-]*)%-(.*)$" )
        -- The amalgamation of C modules is split into two parts:
        -- One part generates a temporary file name for the C library
        -- and writes the binary code stored in the amalgamation to
        -- that file, while the second loads the resulting dynamic
        -- library using `package.loadlib`. The split is necessary
        -- because multiple modules could be loaded from the same
        -- library, and the amalgamated code has to simulate that.
        -- Shared dynamic libraries are embedded only once.
        --
        -- The temporary dynamic library files may or may not be
        -- cleaned up when the amalgamated code exits (this probably
        -- works on POSIX machines (all Lua versions) and on Windows
        -- with Lua 5.1). The reason is that starting with version 5.2
        -- Lua ensures that libraries aren't unloaded before normal
        -- user-supplied `__gc` metamethods have run to avoid a case
        -- where such a metamethod would call an unloaded C function.
        -- As a consequence the amalgamated code tries to remove the
        -- temporary library files *before* they are actually
        -- unloaded.
        if not nfuncs[ path ] then
          local code = readfile( path, true )
          nfuncs[ path ] = true
          local qcode = qformat( code )
          out:write( prefix, "dllnames[ ", qpath, [=[ ] = function()
  local dll = newdllname()
  local f = assert( io_open( dll, "wb" ) )
  f:write( ]=], qcode, [=[ )
  f:close()
  local sentinel = newproxy and newproxy( true )
                            or setmetatable( {}, { __gc = true } )
  getmetatable( sentinel ).__gc = function() os_remove( dll ) end
  dllnames[ ]=], qpath, [=[ ] = function()
    local _ = sentinel
    return dll
  end
  return dll
end

]=] )
          prefix = ""
        end -- shared libary not embedded already
        -- Add a function to `package.preload` to load the temporary
        -- DLL or shared object file. This function tries to mimic the
        -- behavior of Lua 5.3 which is to strip version information
        -- from the module name at the end first, and then at the
        -- beginning if that failed.
        local qm = qformat( m )
        out:write( "package.preload[ ", qm, " ] = function()\n",
                   "  local dll = dllnames[ ", qpath, " ]()\n" )
        if openf1 then
          out:write( "  local loader = package_loadlib( dll, ",
                     qformat( "luaopen_"..openf1 ), " )\n",
                     "  if not loader then\n",
                     "    loader = assert( package_loadlib( dll, ",
                     qformat( "luaopen_"..openf2 ),
                     " ) )\n  end\n" )
        else
          out:write( "  local loader = assert( package_loadlib( dll, ",
                     qformat( "luaopen_"..openf ), " ) )\n" )
        end
        out:write( "  return loader( ", qm, ", dll )\nend\n\n" )
      end -- is a C module
    end -- for all given module names
  end -- if cmods

  -- If a main script is specified on the command line (`-s` flag),
  -- embed it now that all dependent modules are available to
  -- `require`.
  if script then
    out:write( "end\n\n" )
    local bytes, is_bin = readluafile( script )
    if is_bin or dbg then
      out:write( "assert( (loadstring or load)(\n",
                 qformat( bytes ), "\n, '@'..",
                 qformat( script ), " ) )( ... )\n\n" )
    else
      out:write( bytes )
    end
  end

  if oname then
    out:close()
  end
end

-- If `amalg.lua` is loaded as a module, it intercepts `require` calls
-- (more specifically calls to the searcher functions) to collect all
-- `require`d module names and store them in the cache. The cache file
-- `amalg.cache` is updated when the program terminates.
local function collect()
  local searchers = package.searchers or package.loaders
  -- When the searchers table has been modified, it is unknown which
  -- elements in the table to replace, so `amalg.lua` bails out with
  -- an error.
  assert( #searchers == 4, "package.searchers has been modified" )
  local c = readcache() or {}
  -- The updated cache is written to disk when the following value is
  -- garbage collected, which should happen at `lua_close()`.
  local sentinel = newproxy and newproxy( true )
                            or setmetatable( {}, { __gc = true } )
  getmetatable( sentinel ).__gc = function() writecache( c ) end
  local lua_searcher = searchers[ 2 ]
  local c_searcher = searchers[ 3 ]
  local aio_searcher = searchers[ 4 ] -- all in one searcher

  local function rv_handler( tag, mname, ... )
    if type( (...) ) == "function" then
      c[ mname ] = tag
    end
    return ...
  end

  -- The replacement searchers just forward to the original versions,
  -- but also update the cache if the search was successful.
  searchers[ 2 ] = function( ... )
    local _ = sentinel -- make sure that sentinel is an upvalue
    return rv_handler( "L", ..., lua_searcher( ... ) )
  end
  searchers[ 3 ] = function( ... )
    local _ = sentinel -- make sure that sentinel is an upvalue
    return rv_handler( "C", ..., c_searcher( ... ) )
  end
  searchers[ 4 ] = function( ... )
    local _ = sentinel -- make sure that sentinel is an upvalue
    return rv_handler( "C", ..., aio_searcher( ... ) )
  end

  -- Since calling `os.exit` might skip the `lua_close()` call, the
  -- `os.exit` function is monkey-patched to also save the updated
  -- cache to the cache file on disk.
  if type( os ) == "table" and type( os.exit ) == "function" then
    local os_exit = os.exit
    function os.exit( ... )
      writecache( c )
      return os_exit( ... )
    end
  end
end

-- To determine whether `amalg.lua` is run as a script or loaded as a
-- module it uses the debug module to walk the call stack looking for
-- a `require` call. If such a call is found, `amalg.lua` has been
-- `require`d as a module.
local function is_script()
  local i = 3
  local info = debug.getinfo( i, "f" )
  while info do
    if info.func == require then
      return false
    end
    i = i + 1
    info = debug.getinfo( i, "f" )
  end
  return true
end

-- This checks whether `amalg.lua` has been called as a script or
-- loaded as a module and acts accordingly, by calling the
-- corresponding main function:
if is_script() then
  amalgamate( ... )
else
  collect()
end


State 1A Division 2 eight-man football finalists Carey School and Lighthouse Christian Academy amassed top picks in the All-Sawtooth Conference football team selected Monday, Nov. 21 after the conclusion of the Idaho High School Activities Association state football finals.
Carey (11-1), the 2011 state runner-up, boasted first-team North Division picks in junior Jordan Dilworth, senior Charlie Rivera, senior Baley Barg, senior Dillon Cenarrusa, junior Glen Andrews and junior Garrett Lee.
Newly-crowned state champion Lighthouse Christian of Twin Falls (10-3) had first-team South Division honorees in Gabe Heath, Brad Wall, Kade Evans and Logan Vander Stelt.
Coaches of the Year were Doug Astle of North Division runner-up Dietrich and John van Vliet of Lighthouse Christian. Dietrich (5-4) averaged nearly 40 points a game and earned its third straight state playoff berth and fifth in six years—losing at Castleford 44-38 in the quarterfinals.
Coach of the Year—Doug Astle (Dietrich).
Quarterback—First team: Jordan Dilworth (Carey). Second team: Brody Astle (Dietrich). Honorable mention: Dustin Rosenkrance (Mackay) and Jeff Henson (Richfield).
Running backs—First team: Jakob Howard (Dietrich) and Charlie Rivera (Carey). Second team: Gray Weber (Dietrich) and Caden Betzer (Mackay). Honorable mention: Chance Chavez (Carey) and Morgan Johnson (Mackay).
Center—First team: Eddie Alvarado (Dietrich). Second team: Francisco Gamino (Carey). Honorable mention: Eric Beezly (Richfield).
Guards—First team: Arturo Vargas (Dietrich) and Glen Andrews (Carey). Second team: Colton Hanson (Dietrich) and Garrett Lee (Carey).
Ends—First team: Andru Howard (Dietrich) and Baley Barg (Carey). Second team: Jack Cenarrusa (Carey) and Ricky Godin (Richfield).
Punter—First team: Baley Barg (Carey). Second team: C. McCammon (North Valley Academy).
Defensive line—First team: Garrett Lee (Carey) and Arturo Vargas (Dietrich). Second team: Francisco Gamino (Carey) and Martin Becali (Richfield). Honorable mention: Colton Hanson (Dietrich).
Defensive ends—First team: Dillon Cenarrusa (Carey) and Glen Andrews (Carey). Second team: Tucker Farr (Clark County) and Hazen Weber (Dietrich). Honorable mention: Andru Howard (Dietrich).
Linebacker—First team: Gray Weber (Dietrich) and Charlie Rivera (Carey). Second team: Caden Betzer (Mackay) and Chayce Bramwell (Clark County). Honorable mention: Chance Chavez (Carey), Jakob Howard (Dietrich) and Morgan Johnson (Mackay).
Defensive backs—First team: Baley Barg (Carey) and Brody Astle (Dietrich). Second team: Jack Cenarrusa (Carey) and Dustin Rosenkrance (Mackay). Honorable mention: Cooper Astle (Dietrich) and Zak Wood (Richfield).
Kicker—First team: Ben Robles (Richfield). Second team: Luis Garcia (Carey). Honorable mention: Arturo Vargas (Dietrich) and James McHan (North Valley Academy).
Coach of the Year—John van Vliet (Lighthouse Christian).
Quarterback—First team: Mitch Howard (Castleford). Second team: Logan Bosma (Lighthouse Christian). Honorable mention: B. Messmer (Jackpot, Nev.) and Ty Teton (Sho-Ban).
Running backs—First team: Gabe Heath (Lighthouse Christian) and Humberto Pacheco (Murtaugh). Second team: Ty Zimmers (Castleford) and C. Robinson (Rockland). Honorable mention: Dylan Van Esch (Lighthouse Christian), Destry Weekes (Castleford), Merrill Hall (North Gem) and Devin Devine (Sho-Ban).
Center—First team: Logan VanderStelt (Lighthouse Christian). Second team: A. Kirby (Rockland). Honorable mention: L. Miramontes (Jackpot, Nev.), Cody Banes (Murtaugh) and Riley Reynolds (Castleford).
Guards—First team: Kade Evans (Lighthouse Christian) and Quentin Van Pelt (North Gem). Second team: Samoa Etelu (Castleford) and E. Sanchez (Jackpot, Nev.). Honorable mention: Tyson Wilkins (Murtaugh).
Ends—First team: Brad Wall (Lighthouse Christian) and Cody Hansen (Castleford). Second team: Kendall Lloyd (North Gem) and P. Perez (Jackpot, Nev.). Honorable mention: Troy Banes (Murtaugh).
Punter—First team: Daren Hester (Jackpot, Nev.). Second team: Merrill Hall (North Gem). Honorable mention: Devin Devine (Sho-Ban) and Eli Spillet (Rockland).
Defensive line—First team: Samoa Etelu (Castleford) and C. Hidalgo (Rockland). Second team: Trentan Lessley (Lighthouse Christian) and Andre Briggs (Lighthouse Christian). Honorable mention: Everado Sanchez (Jackpot, Nev.) and Danny Pine (Sho-Ban).
Defensive ends—First team: Destry Weekes (Castleford) and Kendall Lloyd (North Gem). Second team: Donnie Aardema (Lighthouse Christian) and Loren Rector (Castleford). Honorable mention: D. Duba (Rockland), Devin Devine (Sho-Ban) and J. Plancenscia (Jackpot, Nev.).
Linebackers—First team: Merrill Hall (North Gem) and P. Perez (Jackpot, Nev.). Second team: Dillon Wilson (Lighthouse Christian) and Cody Hansen (Castleford). Honorable mention: Weston Thompson (North Gem), Tanner Allred (Castleford), C. Robinson (Rockland) and Darven Jake (Sho-Ban).
Defensive backs—First team: Austin Stanger (Murtaugh) and Mitch Howard (Castleford). Second team: Philip DeMello (Lighthouse Christian) and Tyler McClain (North Gem). Honorable mention: Ty Zimmers (Castleford), K. Kunkel (Castleford), Eli Berndt (Lighthouse Christian) and Ty Teton (Sho-Ban).
Kicker—First team: Johnny Martinez (Jackpot, Nev.). Second team: Riley Reynolds (Castleford).


It can be all quite dizzying.
Visits, shares, backlinks, comments, pageviews, time on site, bounce rate, time on site, keyword volumes, cost per visit, conversion rates, event clicks etc ad infinitum. Now split this up by time of day, audience segment, channel or geography. Now split this up by browser. And device type.
How is your spreadsheet looking so far?
We can dig deeper if need be. And deeper still. And deeper…Hold your breath now.
The sheer scale and possibilities for subdivision and segmentation within digital data sources can become genuinely vertiginous. It spirals.
That said, how you manage data sources to your advantage should permeate every facet of your content marketing strategy.
If you don't want to end up with the same bewildered grasp on reality as, say, Scottie, then some lucid thinking with regard to data is required.
"Big data" refers to the constant and colossal volumes of data being created, mined, manipulated and re-carved across the digital world. And the non-digital world too. In fact, the term "big data" is arguably misleading. We'd argue it's better to focus on the data sets which refer more specifically to what is going in within your specific part of the wider digital ecosystem.
It can be easy to get lost in the mining process, become too attracted to what lies beneath, and quickly find yourself lost down a long, dark tunnel with no gaslight to lead the way back to the surface. Don't give yourself the big data blues.
Instead, be precise, strategic and fastidiously objective when it comes to the data laid out in front of you. A data scientist or analyst is crucial to this; in fact, they are one of the key positions comprising the arsenal of any contemporary marketing team.
The most valuable attribute that a data analyst will possess for the purposes of digital marketing is the laser-like ability to parse through reams of data and quickly extract the most salient insights. This will give digital strategists justifiable grounds to form an effective strategy and/or a creative execution, implement that strategy and then iterate and optimise as the implementation phase progresses.
To lay the foundations for a truly effective digital marketing strategy you first need to get a clear, rounded picture of your audience, their habits, problems they would like solved, and activities they would like to undertake.
Using Google analytics, you can get a clearer picture of the problematic areas of your site: which pages are not functioning as they should; where your users spend most of the time (or not); and also how those users are travelling through the various touchpoints on their way through to conversion or goal completion – in whatever form that may take.
Using social analytics data and search visibility tools, you can get a clearer idea of how your audience likes to consume content, how they search for it, how they share it and through which specific channels they are most likely to do this. You can undertake a similar exercise to analyse how the competitive set or analogous categories carry out their content marketing plans.
Once you have this rounded picture of the landscape in which you are operating, you can begin to put your creative nous to the fore. What solutions can you create? How do you frame those correctly to facilitate sharing and engagement? How do you then deploy those at the right intersections within the wider trajectory of the user journey?
Your data analysis should light the way.
If you think inside-out, data can have other uses too. Within the data forests lie the kernels of great stories. Treating data forensically can also help you pull out unique viewpoints, narratives, or behavioural patterns which are actually newsworthy in themselves. If you can then translate these visually, interactively, or into well thought-through editorial, you have something which does not exist elsewhere: unique content. Again, a data analyst can help you do this. Once paired up with a strategically-minded content producer and a campaign manager, and you can start to deploy these pieces to the benefit of your ongoing campaign.
The cycle then self-completes and data feeds both into the conception, the implementation and the creative ideas behind the campaign. This feels like a far more robust and well founded way to run a digital marketing campaign which will help you scale those lofty heights.


text:
Review by SikeMo
Folks, it's time to wake up. I picked this show to scrutinize because of the good reviews and the setlist looked like it might be a heater. Also, I attended two shows from this tour and have listened to a few more. The playing from this show and most of this tour is bordering on horrible. While I had fun at the shows I attended, there were few truly impressive Phish moments other than the typical shock of bust-outs.
Listening to this show, the energy level is low, the playing (Trey) is extremely sloppy, and the jamming is unimaginative. If you're going to just wade through the songs and improvise the composed sections, maybe it's time to stop playing them. On top of that, no one is really playing in time with each other anymore. The band's metronome is off. I could provide specific examples, but it's nearly every song. Petrichor and Taste, in particular, were completely unlistenable. Yes, the bust-out factor (setlist composition, etc) is high here, but it's nothing other than cute at this point. Nearly every second set opener has a jam that leads into a predictable key shift to the relative major and a 'bliss jam'. Same thing, every night, over and over. It makes me think of Coventry.
You'll have to pardon my criticism, but the love just isn't there for me right now. As a long time fan (24 years now), I'm a bit disappointed. I'm not sure what the solution is. Maybe it's just rehearsing. Maybe it's reducing the mind boggling number of songs that they play to cover three to four nights worth of shows per tour. I would much rather have my face melted with repeats than listen to them stumble through this slop. Also, write down the setlists before the show. The agonizing pauses between songs ruin the vibe. Time for another hiatus? IDK
Score: -1


Since debuting in Trieste, Italy, in 1986, Sumi Jo has become one of the most sought-after sopranos of her generation, performing in nearly all the major halls and conquering seemingly impossible vocal heights with graceful ease.
Last year, the 49-year-old celebrated 25 years of singing, and she is looking forward to another 25 _ "obviously not always on the stage but in other ways that I can share and give," says Jo over the phone while on tour in Sydney.
A UNESCO-designated "Artist for Peace," Jo will be visiting North Korea in May with a group of Korean-American doctors to provide free vaccinations for children. "In the past, I had about three chances to visit North Korea but they all fell through. I wanted to make the visit not as a musician but as a humanitarian. I really want to help children," she says.
A Grammy Award winner with more than 50 albums to her credit, Jo also hopes to use her fame to raise awareness about animal protection in her home country. "I've always been interested in animal protection ever since I was young," says the Seoul native, who is herself the owner of three dogs.
"I believe it's important to care for not only our beloved pets but all living creatures, to allow them to live without being abused." Jo is currently raising funds to open an education center where people can learn about respecting animals and adopt stray cats and dogs.
Looking back at her 25 years, there were many trying moments. Winning the approval and support of classical music greats like the late maestro Herbert von Karajan did not protect her from racial discrimination. "Europe [in the 1980s] was very conservative, and it was nothing short of a miracle for an Asian to play a lead opera role," she says.
Jo has built an extensive career sharing music with audiences. She has interpreted the hallmarks of the bel canto _ and even recently Baroque _ repertoire, but has also reached out to non-classical music fans by singing Korean traditional songs as well as scores for TV dramas such as HBO's Mildred Pierce. The singer even made a surprise appearance on the talent show Operastar Korea last May.
"I feel it's important to connect to people outside opera houses. I really enjoy communicating with the younger generation, rather than waiting around in the opera house," she says. She keeps in touch with fans through social media, and operates her Twitter, Facebook and Cyworld accounts herself.
October 2012: 2012 Korean Festival.


Glentoran have over 1.5 goals in their last 15 games.
Glentoran have under 3.5 goals in their last 5 games.
Glentoran have scored over 0.5 goals in their last 6 games.
Glentoran have over 0.5 second half goals in their last 9 games.
Newry City AFC have over 0.5 goals in 100% of their games in the last 2 months (total games 7).
Glentoran have over 0.5 goals in 100% of their games in the last 2 months (total games 8).
Glentoran have over 1.5 goals in 100% of their games in the last 2 months (total games 8).


"When you returned to the table your face still retained its expression and it was evident that your examination of the photograph had not changed the current of your thoughts. In that case it must itself bear upon the subject in question. I turned my attention to the photograph, therefore, and saw at once that it consisted of yourself as a member of the Edinburgh University Eleven, with the pavillion and cricket field in the background. My small experience of cricket clubs has taught me that next to churches and cavalry ensigns they are the most debt-laden things upon earth. When upon your return to the table I saw you take out your pencil and draw lines upon the envelope, I was convinced that your were endeavoring to realise some projected improvement which was to be brought about by a bazaar. Your face still showed some indecision, so that I was able to break in upon you with my advice that you should assist in so good an object."
"But how - - !" I cried.


Project Omote is a collaboration between Japanese projection mapping specialist Nobumichi Asai, makeup artist Hiroto Kuwahara and French digital image engineer Paul Lacroix. Using real time face tracking and projection mapping Asai, Kuwahara and Lacroix have created makeup of the future. Omote projects computer graphics onto the human face, the results are both stunning and creepy.
OMOTE / REAL-TIME FACE TRACKING & PROJECTION MAPPING on Vimeo.


Submitted by Fred on Sun, 10/21/2012 - 11:15am.
This paper Chet Richards presented at the 2012 Boyd and Beyond III. Also, "People, Ideas, and Things in that Order: Some Observations," by Greg Wilcox.
Both papers are worth your time and effort to read, digest and read again helping you in your understanding of Col John Boyd and his ideas.
Submitted by Fred on Sun, 10/07/2012 - 10:01am.
Submitted by Fred on Sat, 07/07/2012 - 10:28am.
More thoughts from Chet Richards on agility, sensing yourself and the world around you as you interact and accord with adversarial changes.
More analysis on Boyd's theories from Chet Richards in his latest post at Fast Transients, Why Boyd is agile: Keep in mind when Chet speaks of agile, fast transients and adaptability, he is speaking to the not only the physical dimension but the moral and mental dimensions of conflict as well.
Submitted by Fred on Tue, 06/26/2012 - 12:59pm.
Submitted by Fred on Wed, 05/30/2012 - 5:07pm.
Submitted by Fred on Mon, 05/21/2012 - 12:10pm.
My latest Staying Oriented column "Mental toughness and the power to adapt" is up at www.policeone.com. Please take the time to check it out and leave your thoughts in the comments section. I appreciate all your support in spreading the word on these important topics.


text:
Manuel Ortiz Domínguez (Sevilla, 1962) es un artista y diseñador gráfico español. Desarrolla fundamentalmente su trabajo en el mundo del diseño gráfico, de la ilustración, del cómic y del dibujo.

Biografía
Manuel Ortiz es hijo del también pintor Melchor Ortiz. Estudió en el colegio San Francisco de Paula de Sevilla y después se licenció en Bellas Artes en la Universidad Hispalense. Durante su etapa universitaria, se introdujo en el mundo de la creación del cómic, considerándose un seguidor de la Línea clara y Hergé. En 1986, dirigió junto al pintor Rafael Agredano la publicación I.M.A.J.E.N., editada por el Instituto Municipal de Deporte del Ayuntamiento de Sevilla, surgida durante el llamado boom del cómic adulto en España y que tenía su inspiración en la revista Madriz.

En esos años comenzó su colaboración con la Fundación Luis Cernuda, para la que diseñó libros, carteles y folletos. Ha colaborado con el suplemento Culturas de Diario de Sevilla (1999). Ha diseñado la publicidad y la imagen corporativa del Teatro de la Maestranza y de sus espectáculos, durante más de 20 años.

En 2003, realizó la exposición Diseños imposibles: Manuel Ortiz. Ideogramas, argumentos, en la Casa de la Provincia de la Diputación Provincial de Sevilla, en la que se recogía una semblanza de su actividad como diseñador y como dibujante entre 1986 y 2003.

Ha sido ilustrador de libros para la Fundación José Manuel Lara o la Junta de Andalucía. Fue el responsable de la imagen y diseño de la serie de libros "Cortijos, Haciendas y Lagares" editados por la Consejería de Obras Pública y Transporte de la Junta de Andalucía y cuyos números dedicados a la provincia de Cádiz y Málaga fueron galardonados con sendos premios nacionales de edición. En 2015, expuso "De Bóreas a Céfiro" una muestra en la que se recogían dibujos que representan un cuaderno de viaje del autor.

En 2015, formó, junto a Carla Carmona, el colectivo, bajo el heterónimo O/C, con el que presentaron en el Centro de Iniciativas Culturales de la Universidad de Sevilla (CICUS), la exposición "O/C Correspondencias".  En 2017, el mismo colectivo presentó la exposición "La medida", que gira alrededor del concepto de "medida" en el Museo Extremeño e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporáneo (Meiac) de Badajoz.

Referencias

Diseñadores gráficos de España
Ilustradores de España del siglo XX
Ilustradores de España del siglo XXI
Cartelistas de Andalucía
Alumnos de Bellas Artes de la Universidad de Sevilla
Nacidos en Sevilla


text:
When Do World Cup Tickets Go On Sale 2022 The Historical Background of Football
You are searching about When Do World Cup Tickets Go On Sale 2022, today we will share with you article about When Do World Cup Tickets Go On Sale 2022 was compiled and edited by our team from many sources on the internet. Hope this article on the topic When Do World Cup Tickets Go On Sale 2022 is useful to you.
The Historical Background of Football
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Football is the king of all sports, it is a sport that combines strength with intelligence, courage and elegance, attracting many young children, who try to copy their images they see on television. Also, they feel happy to be able to achieve a performance in such a domain.
Football is a team sport played between two teams consisting of eleven players, each of whom tries to deliver the ball into the goal, hit it with his foot or with any other part of their body, except the arms. This sports game is one of the phenomena of our time and we can admit that it is the most appreciated sport today. This sport was mentioned for the first time in England in 1175. The French used to play a similar game called "La soule" and the Italians used to play "Il giuoco del calcio".
The first details referring to football in England appeared in 1602, when there were two such games. Starting with the eighteenth century, the English began to play rugby, the players being forced to hit the ball with their foot, which led to the name it has today.
The 26th of October 1863 is the date the first football association and the first regulations were created, and thirteen articles refer to the rules of this sport. In 1904, FIFA was founded, which brought a series of changes in the regulations of this sport. In 1930, FIFA organized the first World Championships, held in Uruguay.
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Hahaha a loy 4v2 and the monkeys cant close the round habaha I love the fixing! Monkey BR need bananas!
windogs hahaha brollan vs 5 bots! EZ!
hahaha ez win noobs monkeys br hahaha i love it!
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And valve not doing nothing to the fixers? Hahaha CS will die, and the actors will go jail early!


There is no middle class tax cut. That's right, the "tax cuts for 98% of Americans" the Democrats keep shouting about don't exist. Instead, there are currently only three proposals on the table. The first of these is the Republican plan which has already been passed in the House of Representatives. This plan would maintain the Bush tax rates for all Americans.
The second plan is the Democrats' plan. This plan would reinstate the Clinton tax hikes for anyone making more than $250,000 in earned income. Cynically, this plan wouldn't actually impact billionaires like Warren Buffet as their wealth comes from investment income, not "earned income." It would, however, limit the ability of middle class to save, invest, and move up the ladder themselves.
The third plan is the do-nothing plan. Under this plan, all of the Clinton tax hikes are reinstated, and taxes will go up for everyone. Further, this plan would invoke sequestration, and result in automatic cuts to both defense and entitlements.
The Democrats are wholly unwilling to compromise. They refuse to offer any cuts in spending despite four years of record-setting deficits. As such, the best option for the Republicans is the third option. If the Democrats refuse to come to the negotiating table, they will finally get the tax increases they've been begging for. The "Bush Tax Cuts" they've maligned for a decade will expire.
When the dust finally settles and the media finishes blaming Republicans, perhaps the clean slate coupled with the goodies they lost by failing to act will bring the Democrats to the table in good faith for an actual negotiation.
You consider $250k middle class?
$250,000 is a single point of income data. "Middle Class" is a distinction based on wealth which—although impacted by income—is not directly linked to income. This will be the subject of a future post.