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Don't Call it a Reset: What the Release of Pastor Brunson Means for U.S.-Turkey Relations
By Joshua W. Walker & Jeremy Barker on October 25, 2018
An evangelical Presbyterian missionary who spent more than twenty years ministering as a pastor in western Turkey walked out of a Turkish courtroom on Friday, October 12th a convicted terrorist, sentenced to thirty seven months in prison. The saga of Andrew Brunson came to a close with a suspended sentence, and a release on time-served. All of this occurred in the midst of the Saudi killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul; and after just more than two years in already turbulent US-Turkey relations.
Pastor Brunson's most memorable words in this fourth and final hearing were, "I'm an innocent human being. I love Jesus. I love Turkey."
Within hours of the verdict, Pastor Brunson and his wife Norrine were on a U.S. government plane. They were flown out of Turkey via Germany, before landing at Joint Base Andrews Saturday afternoon to be taken to a meeting with President Trump, Secretary Pompeo, and other senior officials at the White House.
"From a Turkish prison to the White House in 24 hours, that's not bad," President Trump said during the White House meeting where Pastor Brunson prayed on prime time television.
The entire affair raised many questions. How did the fate of this American pastor become so politicized? And how did it become the defining issue in a relationship between two NATO allies that have had a strategic relationship dating back decades? What does his release mean for U.S.-Turkey relationship and where do things go from here?
How Brunson Became the Center of the U.S.-Turkey Relationship
The saga began when Pastor Brunson and his wife Norine, who had lived in Turkey since 1993, applied for a long-term residency permit in fall of 2016. On October 7 of that year, they received a summons to the police station. They thought it was regarding the residency, but instead Andrew and Norine both were arrested and sent to a detention center. Norine was held for 13 days before being released, Andrew remained in custody for 2 years.
Pastor Brunson was detained initially as a "threat to national security," but ultimately was charged as a supporter of Turkey's arch-enemies: "FETO" (the Fetullah Terrorist Organization) and the PKK (Kurdistan Workers' Party).
FETO is the name given to supporters of Turkish exile Fethullah Gulen, a Turkish imam and educator living in Pennsylvania since 1999. Though his followers were once allies of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, they have become bitter rivals. President Erdogan holds Gulen and his supporters responsible for the July 15, 2016 attempted coup that left more than 200 people dead and over a thousand injured. Following the coup attempt, Erdogan imposed a state of emergency. His response included mass arrests of tens of thousands, sacking of thousands of academics and civil servants, seizures of businesses, and tight control of nearly all media organizations.
The PKK, which both the U.S. and NATO designate as a terrorist organization, has been part of an on-again-off-again insurgency with the Turkish state since the mid-1980s. Yet in recent years, PKK-affiliation has been a blanket label used to further stigmatize Turkey's Kurdish population and, given U.S. partnership with Kurdish groups in Syria who Turkey sees as PKK affiliates, has become a major flashpoint in U.S.-Turkey relations as well.
So when Pastor Brunson was accused by secret witnesses and questionable evidence as a supporter of both FETO and PKK, his fate took on an all-too familiar tone. Pastor Brunson had become a political bargaining chip and a victim of what some analysts labeled as "hostage diplomacy." While maintaining that Brunson's case was being handled independently by the judiciary President Erdogan repeatedly linked his release of a "Pastor for an Imam" with extradition of Fethullah Gulen back to Turkey.
Brunson was not alone. Though the most prominent of the Americans detained in Turkey, also being detained are NASA scientist Serkan Golge, a dual Turkish-American citizen sentenced to seven and a half years in prison, as well as Turkish citizens who worked with the U.S. State Department, including Hamza Ulucay, a 37-year veteran, and Metin Topuz, a twenty-year veteran.
Pastor Brunson's evangelical brethren's political clout forced both the Trump administration and leaders on Capitol Hill to became increasingly vocal in calling for his release. When a series of diplomatic efforts to secure Brunson's release failed to materialize this summer, the Trump administration turned to a far more aggressive approach.
When Brunson was granted only house arrest at a July hearing, Vice President Pence inserted himself directly by announcing "the United States will impose significant sanctions on Turkey until Pastor Andrew Brunson is free."
In the weeks and months that followed, the U.S. imposed targeted sanctions under the Global Magnitzky Act against the Turkish Interior and Jusice Ministers for their roles in Pastor Brunson's detention and increased tariffs on Turkish steel imports with Twitter threats from President Trump, all of which served to intensify already worrying economic trends in Turkey.
All of this formed the backdrop for Brunson's October 12th hearing. At the hearing, four prosecution witnesses changed their stories setting the stage for Brunson's charges to be changed and his possible sentence to be reduced from the 35 years down to three, paving the way for his conviction on a single count of terrorism and his return to the United States.
While Pastor Brunson is now free, the question remains what lies ahead for the U.S.-Turkey relationship and what lessons have been learned.
Where Things Go From Here
The resolution of the Brunson saga has created a small opportunity to normalize Turkey's relationship with the U.S. While there are no shortages of roadblocks, the importance of this partnership should not be overlooked despite the challenges ahead. It is worth the diplomatic effort necessary to strengthen the relationship and pursue policies of mutual benefit.
To do so will require confronting a few significant challenges.
As highlighted, the human rights concerns in Turkey extend far beyond just Pastor Brunson. Other Americans still caught up in detention in Turkish prisons, not to mention the large number of Turkish journalists, academics, and political opponents who've been detained without due process. These issues should not be forgotten.
In addition, because of his identity as an pastor, the international religious freedom and evangelical community rallied around Pastor Brunson and mobilized advocacy on his behalf. His imprisonment is not the only issue that should be addressed. Longstanding concerns such as non-Muslim minorities ability to train their clergy, including the reopening of Halki Seminary, the recognition of Alevi cemevis as houses of worship, and the return of confiscated properties are all issues that should continue to be addressed by those pressing for greater rights and freedoms for all in Turkey.
The Brunson case, also reflected a growing type of personalized diplomacy with the Trump-Erdogan relationship as prominent as the U.S.-Turkey relationship. Both presidents were negotiating not only with each other, but also playing to their domestic political supporters.
After President Trump's election there was a honeymoon between the two leaders that quickly ended when the moves to free Brunson failed this summer, some felt Trump took it personally. Following Pastor Brunson's release Trump thanked President Erodgan and indicated that there would be a "psychological change" towards Turkey. "We feel much differently about Turkey today than we did yesterday, and I think we have a chance of really becoming much closer to Turkey," Trump said during the meeting with Brunson in the Oval Office.
The obstacles to moving from feeling to reality are immense. The damage done with high anti-American sentiment in Turkey is hard to undo. There are a number of reasons for this, including differing policies in Syria particularly around U.S. support of the Kurdish YPG (People's Protection Forces) in Northeastern Syria as a major sticking point.
Following Brunson's release, there have been some positive steps. A delayed roadmap for joint Turkish-U.S. patrols around the city of Manbij, Syria is now beginning to be implemented, according to the defense ministries of both countries.
Another major sticking point is Turkey's purchase of the Russian-made S-400 missile defense system. The reason this is troubling is not only about interoperability with other NATO systems, but because of Turkey's participation in the new F-35 stealth fighter aircraft. The S-400 has the ability gather intelligence on the new aircraft, something that has U.S. lawmakers particularly concerned.
In seeking to find a path forward, both sides should explore a broader range of issues, particularly pursuing a growing win-win trade relationship that will be mutually beneficial versus some of the security concerns that can be zero-sum.
In fact, despite the challenges, 2017 was a record year for bilateral U.S.-Turkey trade. "It can be seen that political-diplomatic relations and economic relations move in different gears," said Mehmet Ali Yalçındağ, chair of the Turkey-U.S. Business Council.
Another area of cooperation is the underreported yet critical area of humanitarian assistance. Turkey hosts over 3 million Syrian refugees and since the start of the Syrian conflict, the U.S. has contributed nearly $755 million to Syrian refugees in Turkey. When including Turkey's support for Syrian refugees, the United States and Turkey are the two largest providers of humanitarian assistance in the world, according to Development Initiatives 2018 Global Humanitarian Assistance report.
Working together to address the ongoing needs of refugees in the conflict now into its seventh year could provide opportunities for enhancing ongoing partnership along with broader regional stability.
Set My People Free
Pastor Brunson is free, but many others are not. The U.S. should not push Turkey away, but continue the hard work of diplomatic engagement around core human rights issues. It should also continue to engage broad range of challenges these partner countries are facing in the region.
This work will not be easy, especially without an Ambassador in the country which is a critical first step. Lessons are being on both sides of the Atlantic about the new modus operandi between Washington and Ankara which is based far more on transactional interests than the values that were espoused about the alliance after World War Two. When flattery failed, pressure has worked. Yet extrapolating an entire history of a relationship that is in flux on the basis of Pastor Brunson's unique case is dangerous. Christians in Turkey and throughout the Middle East are not well served when those like Pastor Brunson that are fortunate enough to be released are politicized and held up as an example of how relations can now be reset.
Despite the imperfections, the U.S.-Turkey relationship is a critical one. It is one worth investing in. Let's hope the personalities and presidents in Washington and Ankara still agree.
By Joshua Walker and Jeremy Barker
Evangelicals | Human Rights | International Religious Liberty | Islam | Turkey
Andrew Brunson | Atlantic | cnn.com | Donald Trump | Fethullah Gülen | FETO | Fetullah Terrorist Organization | Foreignpolicy.com | Global Magnitzky Act | International Religious Liberty | Jamal Khashoggi | New York Times | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | People's Protection Forces | PKK | Recep Tayyip Erdogan | Reuters | Turkey | Twitter | Wall Street Journal | Washington Post
Dr. Joshua W. Walker is a recent contributor to Providence and The President and CEO of the Japan Society in NYC and previously served from 2017-2019 as the Global Head of Strategic Initiatives and Japan in the Office of the President at Eurasia Group, the world's leading political risk consultancy.
Jeremy P. Barker is Senior Program Officer and Director of the Middle East Action Team for the Religious Freedom Institute. He has worked in rights-based relief, development, and advocacy across the region from Iraq and Turkey to Egypt and Morocco with a particular focus on issues of religious persecution and post-conflict order, justice, and accountability.
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One young girl sure did make first lady Michelle Obama's Wednesday.
During the question-and-answer portion of the White House's annual Take Our Daughters and Sons to Work Day, Anaya Brodie asked FLOTUS her age.
The girl yelled, "You look too young!"
Obama, who celebrated her birthday in January, asked Brodie to repeat what she said into the microphone.
"You're too young for a 51-year-old!" Brodie repeated.
Obama's face lit up, and she invited the girl up to the stage for a giant hug.
The children who took part in the event included the offspring of Executive Office of the President employees, as well as kids from the local Boys and Girls Club and from D.C. Child and Family Services.


Vintage dress form measured size a believe it is a Sally Stitch. The item "VINTAGE 1950s SALLY STITCH DRESS FORM MANNEQUIN SIZE A ADJUSTABLE STAND" is in sale since Wednesday, December 13, 2017. This item is in the category "Business & Industrial\Retail & Services\Mannequins & Dress Forms". The seller is "jag0868″ and is located in Rector, Pennsylvania. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, China, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Bahamas, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, Ukraine, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Chile, Colombia, Costa rica, Dominican republic, Panama, Trinidad and tobago, Guatemala, El salvador, Honduras, Jamaica, Antigua and barbuda, Aruba, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint kitts and nevis, Saint lucia, Montserrat, Turks and caicos islands, Barbados, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Brunei darussalam, Bolivia, Egypt, French guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Iceland, Jersey, Jordan, Cambodia, Cayman islands, Liechtenstein, Sri lanka, Luxembourg, Monaco, Macao, Martinique, Maldives, Nicaragua, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Reunion, Uruguay.


It's only September and already it is safe to declare 2015 the year of the Luddites. It is though humankind's collective consciousness stumbled upon a deep concern that automation and robotics could have an immense and lasting impact on the nature of work. In one camp stand individuals who believe that technology and automation will continue to create more jobs than they ultimately destroy. The foundation of their argument is that we will always be crucial for certain business functions. Job growth figures over the last hundred or so years are, of course, on their side. The other camp is decidedly less optimistic about our future in the workplace. The end of work debate is nothing new, Jeremy Rifkin wrote extensively on the subject while John Maynard Keynes wrote an 1930 essay titled "Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren" in which Keynes felt that the sheer power of income earning interest would allow us to dedicate our lives to less monetary focused pursuits.
Indeed, susceptibility of all 702 occupations identified in the study is worth the read. Over the short-term (say the next ten to twenty years) it does give a sense of the occupations that will be completely replaced by current and pending technologies and those that will demonstrate a degree of resiliency. Whether resilient occupations stick around over the long-term is anyone's guess. Given the sheer amount of unknowns surrounding new technologies, workforce training flexibility is key. Unfortunately, given the structure of our educational system – flexibility is not necessarily its defining characteristic. Nonetheless, workforce retraining and reskilling programs that specifically target displaced workers will be critical to sustain a vibrant economy while technology drastically alters the labor market.
Workforce development isn't the only interesting challenge automation and robotics presents to community and economic development professionals. Business retention and expansion (BRE) practices will naturally have to evolve in order to make way for an increasingly technologically sophisticated workplace. This is most clear in manufacturing-focused regional economies throughout the nation. As technology continues to weave its way onto the factory floor, manufacturers' location requirements will look shockingly similar to a high-tech company. Moreover, automation affords economic development professionals immense opportunities to assist manufacturers in expanding and diversifying their core businesses. For instance, a ball bearings company located in Sweden recently added tiny sensors to their products – allowing them to sell performance data to their customers. Thus, along with providing the initial ball bearing, the manufacturer also sells services to reduce maintenance costs and machine downtime. The future of manufacturing is equal parts producer, tech company, and service provider. This offers immense BRE opportunities to assist local companies in transforming their local economies: whether it is new industrial infrastructure necessary for interconnected industrial devices (aka: the "industrial internet of things") or linking manufacturers with research and development resources to make their transition into a tech-focused operation.
The community and economic development landscape will change considerably in the future. As a profession, we must remain ever vigilant of the technological changes that stand to disrupt not only business models but entire occupational categories. As the nature of work evolves, so too must the community and economic developers' toolbox. Certain tools will remain important to shaping economic development investment, such as tax incentives, while new tools will need to be developed to more effectively retain and reskill the technologically displaced. Developing and increasing innovation capacity will equally be critical. In the short-term, perhaps a generation long, the employment and economic landscape will likely be challenging and uncertain. As machines take up more of the workload over the long-term, it could free us to dream the extraordinary and accomplish it in short order. Only time will tell.


The Batwa are a forest people recognized as being the first inhabitants of the land. They are traditionally a hunter-gatherer community. The Batwa represent some of the poorest and most vulnerable minority groups in the Great Lakes Region found in Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. As hunter-gatherers and former hunter-gatherers, they are commonly associated with the bush by their neighbours and stereotyped accordingly.
This small Batwa community have been locked in a land dispute with their neighbouring majority community for over 40 years. In 1975, the local Burundi court granted the Batwa rights to access and ownership over the land in dispute, but this decision has never been enforced, and the community remains deprived of access to their land. In 2005, in violation of usual court procedure, the case was re-opened by the judiciary on request of the majority community, and decided against the Batwa, in clear violation of national and international law.
In 2011, a case focusing on the right to effective remedy and execution of judgments, together with the right not to be discriminated, was brought before the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. In 2014, the Burundi Government provided submissions on admissibility well beyond the African Commission's timeframe for doing so. MRG responded to these submissions. The case remains pending before the African Commission.
While awaiting a date for the oral hearing, the community has been attempting to resolve the dispute locally. In August 2016, the Inspector General of Justice conducted an onsite visit to the disputed area and determined that the land belongs to the Bahakwaninda family. MRG will continue to monitor enforcement so that this long running dispute can hopefully come to an end.


AboutInterfaithEqualDoes shame always come with religion?
I woke up at 2am and couldn't get back to sleep. My mind kept turning over and over. What can one person do?
I have anger, and I know that anyone (especially a woman) who acts out of anger get dismissed.
I also know that Love is stronger than Fear – and there's a whole lot of Fear running our country right now.
Not the 'book learning.' Not the lessons imparted by your parents, friends, or society. The knowledge you have deep within.
What I'm finding recently is a new appreciation for the knowledge gained by my times of intense struggle – being on the edge of death. There were the physical / medical times that you all know about (or can read about). There were also other times – suicidal times – that I don't talk about as much.
Designed and created by Jennifer Haines as part of Carrie Little's ordination stole.
I knew I had strength from those times. I knew I made it out the other side. I even knew that some people would consider me a miracle for surviving. All of that is about the surviving.
But what if there's knowledge in the experience itself – not just on the other side of it?
Looking at the idea of spiritual empowerment, I'm feeling like the empowerment part comes from the courage, the perseverance, the determination – the 'getting through it.' But the spiritual part… maybe that comes from the experience itself.
How does that sit with you? If you've been on the 'razor's edge' – looking Death in the face – has that been a driving force toward Spirit, a means for you to get closer to Spirit? A push away from Spirit? Something else?
Interested to know what you all think.
On Sunday, January 22, I lit the chalice as part of the opening of worship at the UU church I attend. Here is what I shared.
When I was contemplating a chalice lighting for today, one spiritual writer came to mind immediately: Julian of Norwich.
For those who don't know her: Julian – not her real name – lived in England during the time of the Hundred Years War and the Bubonic Plague. There was a scarcity of food, a high level of unemployment, and – it almost goes without saying, a huge amount of fear. Julian was a Christian who received a series of visions from God and wrote them down.
Whenever I am feeling uneasy about whatever is happening in my own world, I find that Julian gives me some perspective.
I light the chalice today in honor of long-term perspective and hope.
All quotes are from 'Meditations with Julian of Norwich' by Brendan Doyle.
Who is your muse? Where do you find him or her?
My muse tends to find me, rather than that other way around. Mine whispers to me while I'm driving, or wakes me up from a deep sleep. My muse can be playful or deadly serious. Generally, my muse is telling me to write – sometimes prose, sometimes a song.
Sometimes I ignore my muse.
My dog died four weeks ago.
To be honest, four weeks ago my husband and I made the decision to euthanize our dog.
There wasn't much of a 'decision' to make; she could no longer walk, and she was refusing both food and water. I came home from a working-vacation in Maine in order to be with her and my husband at the vet appointment. We knew what the vet would say, and we knew it wasn't fair to try to keep her alive. She would have died naturally within a week, possibly less, and she would have suffered even more.


After inheriting her grandmother's collection of antiques, Dolores has maintained an interest in the care and sale of vintage items.
For over 100 years, sterling silver flatware stood as the hallmark of upper middle class success. When new technologies of the Industrial Revolution as well as American discoveries of silver ore increased production and lowered costs, a growing upper middle class fell under the spell of silver's white luster. Until the mid 20th century, brides registered their favorite pattern and began collecting place settings, tea sets, trays, olive forks, cake servers, meat and fish servers, sugar cube tongs, and a vast array of tableware and flatware.
Different sized utensils had designated places beside plates. During a meal, a diner switched forks for every course. Salad forks, dinner forks, and dessert forks bracketed each plate. A variety of utensils were specifically designed for cheeses, vegetables, for lunch, and for the use of children.
Silver is a precious metal called argentum in Latin, specified as Ag on the Periodic Table of Elements. Soft and easy to work, silver needs the addition of another metal to make it useful. Sterling silver is an alloy containing 92.5% silver and 7.5% nickel or copper.
Sterling silver made in the US is marked with the word "sterling," or the number "925." British silver pieces display three coded marks: the first for city of production, the second a lion with a raised paw (called Lion Passant), then a single letter representing the year of production.
Silver plate was developed in the 1840s. A base metal is coated with a thin layer of silver. Silverplate is inexpensive and does not last as long as sterling.
Older, well used silverplate will often show wear especially on the ends of fork tines. Silver plate can be quite ornate and very pretty. It can be found in thrift stores or online for about $1.00 per utensil. Of course beautiful, unusual, or rare pieces will cost more. Some silverplate is of higher quality and has some heft to it.
Decorating magazines and some specialty shops offer mixed pattern place settings in silverplate. Mixing patterns can be a fun, eclectic way to set a table.
Occasionally silverplate is misrepresented online. Some sellers do not understand the difference. Look for sterling online from seller who offer close up pictures as well as the marker's mark on the back.
There are a few foreign companies that produce silverplate marked "sterling" or "925" and offer it online as sterling. The low prices should serve as a warning to avoid these fraudulent sellers.
Collecting sterling for investment is not the same as collecting for your own satisfaction. Sterling silver is an expensive commodity even though the demand has fallen in the last 50 years. Collecting for investment depends on the vagaries of fashion. Value depends entirely on demand. Grandmother's silver may be ornate and beautiful but collectors today gravitate toward sleeker, more modern pieces.
Collecting sterling silver demands a lot of research. There is so much to learn!
Silver has been mined for thousands of years and used for coinage and ornamentation. Oddly enough, it was more valuable in the 1200s than it is today. Discoveries of ore in the Americas lowered its value and made silver more available. Mid 19th century discoveries in the US, like the famous Nevada Comstock Lode lowered the prices even more.
Occasional price hikes can make the value of silver spike. There have been times in the past when the value soared briefly. At such times, silver flatware, tableware, and jewelry were melted down. As of January 2017, the price of silver was about $16.83 per ounce, down from August 2016 when it was $20.00 per ounce.
If you are looking at the price of silver, learn if the piece is weighed in standard ounces or troy ounces. A troy ounce is 10% heavier than a standard ounce.
Collectors are generally interested in products made by well known, high quality manufacturers of fine tableware, such as Tiffany. Highly coveted patterns earn top dollar while lesser patterns are worth little more than their melt value. In general, American brands are not as hot as British, European, and Russian items.
Obviously, a dinner fork will not be as valuable as a particular serving piece. A large set would include many dinner forks, but only one specific serving piece (like a cold meat fork, or a fish server). And many people purchased place settings without buying all the extra available pieces.
Remember that value is a relative tern. To an antique silver collector, a fork worth $25.00 may be relatively worthless. To many people, a $25.00 fork seems quite expensive.
1) Have it appraised. A jeweler or antique appraiser will have the resources and knowledge to identify and value your collection. However, a formal appraisal may be costly.
Look for the maker's mark on the back of the utensil. In addition to the word "sterling" or the number "925" you may see the name of the manufacturer. The Stieff silver pictured above (second from the left) was easily identified as a cold meat fork in the famous Rose pattern. The pattern changed slightly over the years. That may help lean when it was made.
Casual information may help as well. Do you recall the silver being used in your grandmother's house? If so, when? Did she ever claim that the silver once belonged to her own mother? These are clues that can quickly help date an item.
Online sites like Replacements and Kovel's display a vast collection of sterling silver. You can check these sites and locate your piece by finding the names of the manufacturer. These sites offer photographs that can be enlarged to view details. Replacement value can be learned there as well.
If you check auction sites like ebay when looking for prices, check the sold price not the suggested price.
Silver tarnish is a chemical reaction creates black marks on silver. It is easily removed with a commercial silver polish. The best way to avoid tarnish is to used your silver every day!
Tarnish can be helpful if you are hunting through a pile of flatware at a rummage sale. Items that look awful will probably be silver.
Below are some pictures of a silverplate sugar bowl before and after polishing. It took about 5 minutes, if that long.
Some silverplate may appear to be tarnished when actually the dark gray is the base metal - the thin silver plate is worn off!
From Replacements.com I can get an idea for the value of vintage Gorham Fairfax flatwear for 12, but I can't find the more decorative Fairfax #4B dinner set for 12, circa 1910. How do the two fairfax pattern values compare?
I was given a silverware service set for four as a wedding gift in 1947. Two pieces are missing. The set is in a wood-grained, velvet-lined box. What do you think it's worth?
Look at the underside of one of the pieces to see who made it and if it is sterling. Sterling is much more valuable than silver plate. I have identified some old silver by describing searching on Google images. Some patterns are in more demand than others, so it is impossible for me to tell you how much your silver is worth.
"Silverplated Flatware: An Identification and Value Guide, 4th Revised Edition" by Tere Hagan. This will help more with identification, but as it was printed in 2008, it will not reflect current values.
Once you identify your flatware, you can search values at Kovels, Replacements, or Worthpoint online.
I found what looks like a dessert fork, but it is tarnished. On the end of the handle, it has a stamp that says "Holiday Inn." Do you know the approximate time this was used and is there any historical value?
Clean the fork with silver polish to remove tarnish. If it is silver, it is probably silver plate. The silver plate may have worn off. Old hotel silverware can be quite collectible and of course, some is worth more than others. Flatware from an old or significant hotel would be more valuable than that from an inexpensive chain. Holiday Inns were established in 1952 and the first one opened in 1953. Kemmon Wilson wanted to offer travelers comfortable and affordable accommodations. So it is not exactly old and there were plenty of them.
Old hotel silverware can be quite inexpensive and fun to collect.
I have a Joel F Hewes plate of 6 7/8" dia and 10 troy oz. Does it have any value other than as melt?
Joel F. Hewes created beautiful silver in the Arts and Crafts style. Melting down such a piece may seem offensive to many who appreciate old silver. Check online auction and sales sites to view values. There is a lot of interest in Hewe's creation. With silver going for a bit over $16.00 an ounce, I would not seek meltdown value over its value an individual piece.
If you really want to sell it for meltdown, you may want to wait until silver prices are higher.
I have the initials CEN in a leaf how do I find who that is?
When researching anything, you need to be specific in your description. The word "leaf" is not enough. Do you mean a piece of pottery that looks like a leaf, a glass leaf, or jewelry?
On a pendant if it is on the front and obvious it could be personal and someone's initials. If it is etched on the back of a piece of jewelry it may represent the maker. On pottery or glass it could represent the company that produced it.
There are online sites with images of backstamps. Identify what it is that you have and you may find charts of backstamps that will help you. Many books offer information on specific maker's marks on pottery, dishware, glass, or jewelry.
Hi Tony - you can check on the backs of the items for information, then look it up! It is not too hard but can be time consuming. You already know approximate dates, so that will be a help. A lot of people are into restaurant ware so information should be available online.
If you want to consult a book, try "Restaurant China: Identification and Value Guide for Restaurant, Airline and Railroad Dinnerware" by Barbara Conroy.
Hi Delores. I work for a restaurant supply ware house that has inventory of china, glassware and flatware dating back to the 50 and 60's. Could i send you some pictures to get your thoughts on them?
Hi Peggy - yes, the value of silver, like anything else, goes up and down. I see jewelry made from old silver and it seems a shame to cut up or destroy such beautiful work.
Your silver is lovely. Thanks for enlightening us as to standard verses troy ounces when it comes to valuing silver pieces. I guess that matters most if thinking about melting it down for the money.
We have gone to a few shows where one of the people on Antiques Roadshow appears. He lives in Houston and has several stores. According to him values have fallen over the years with regard to ornate silver patterns as well as sets of china. People still entertain but more casually these days.
It is disheartening to know that some foreign countries are marking items as sterling when they are not. As the old saying goes..."buyer beware!"
Hi Jan, why don't you just take your ring to a jeweler who specializes in old jewelry.
Hi Ms Dora - I love the old silverplate. It's so pretty and inexpensive.
Hi Nell - most of the pieces I checked out were relatively inexpensive. Of course inexpensive is a relative term, haha. But as I said in the article, it's those more unusual pieces that hold value. I have so little, most of the pictures on here are of things that belong to a friend.
Hi purl3agony - I have one of those old spoon rings rolling around somewhere. These days I kinda hate that stuff. I love the old silver and it just seems wrong to hack it up.
Thanks for the lesson in silver-plated versus sterling silver. It is good knowledge to have. Will pay attention if ever at a garage sale.
Hi, we collect silver tableware. We used to have loads but it comes in really handy when times are short and we need a cash input! lol! really interesting!
Wonderful hub, Dolores! My mom inherited my Great Aunt's collection of silverware. The set includes some beautiful and unusual utensils that I had never seen before, like fancy cake servers and grapefruit spoons! We've never used most of these items. I know people use the pretty handles and bend them into rings and bracelets, but I wish there was a creative way to use this silverware without cutting each piece apart.
My mother-in-law was the keeper of the family silver because her brother was a priest, sister was a nun and other brother was a confirmed bachelor. She had three sets of silverware and fortunately we infuriated one set when she passed. You provide useful advice on what to do.


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What Do You Think Of Chris Wallaces Handling Of Stephen Miller On?
What do you think of Chris Wallace's handling of Stephen Miller on his show today?
It was…interesting in a repulsive kinda way. Especially the part where self-righteous Crackpot and white nationalist Slender Man, Lou Dobbs, refers to himself and Evil Wolverine with floating elf ears, Stephen Miller as "relatively smart and decent." Just listen, watch and weep. Dobbs. Answer me! Why isn't the White House taking Ted Cruz up on his offer to take this to SCOTUS? Put him on the team! Miller. (My god, Dobbs thinks this is all real.) Ok, a lot of lies here. First of all, none of what Presidential Advisor/Aggressively-Expanding Bald Spot Miller says is true. People need to prove citizenship before registering. Only registered voters can cast ballots. Only registered voters can get their ballots counted. Those voters are checked by GOP and Dem poll watchers, as are the mail in/absentee ballots. And why don't you want Ted Cruz to support you, Tarpit-Souled RageShrew Stephen??!? Well the guy doesn't support his wife at all so why should t put faith in him to support anything, amirite? I'm no rhetorician, but their message is not a stellar reflection of unbiased "journalism". I'm also not a lawyer, however, I find unfounded claims with no evidentiary support unpersuasive. But, t claim to be "intelligent" so I'm clearly out of my league... The thing is, Miller is upset because he doesn't get 4 more years to torture immigrants. So start loading your luggage into one of the last remaining lifeboats aboard the Shartanic, boys! And after Stephen Miller went through all that trouble getting his measurements just right for those Klan robes during Secret Santa. On the bright side, he'll always have Lou to banter over the finer points of Mein Kampf while t go through the dryer at the laundromat. Oh well, he can always go back to his roots. Trapping rodents and indulging in his favorite hobby, vivisection. Speaking of rodents… The rats start eating each other. You hate to see it. In case you were wondering, there is no such thing as the Republican Party anymore. It's trumpism. The repubs have lost their way, and t have no core beliefs or goals except "owning the libs". The GOP exists in name only; it is a hollow shell of the party it used to be.
You may ask, "How can anyone'vote"for'Donald'trump." Well Donald Trump is not the GOP'nominee. Ted Cruz is. And we just found out that if the GOP nominates Cruz, t will lose.
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lived in substantial if not glittering style in a house he owns at Seagate, west of the Coney Island boardwalk. He is known by sight to every winter resident of the Island, and policemen there have a friendly indulgence for his peculiar- ities as a driver. He never drives to downtown Brooklyn or Manhattan; the chauffeur takes the wheel on these long journeys. The Doctor has no fi- nancial backer; the $35,000 building at Flushing was, he says, a considerable strain on his resources. Other long-time residen ts of Coney Island rate him "a I O d " so 1 man. Dr. Couney has no babies under his care during the winter. At the close of the exhibition season he returns whatev- er prematures he has on hand to their homes as fast as they reach standard weight and refuses to accept any more until the next spring. "1 work hard enough in the season," he says when asked about this. "Twenty-four hours a day in attendance." He has anoth- er reason for abstention from regular medical practice. Other Brooklyn doc- tors have always sent him premature babies to be brought to normal size in his Coney Island incuhators. If he com- peted with these men and took their patients away from them, they wouldn't nical difficulties of reconstructing, in the outside world, an environment equiva- lent to the mother's womb. The in- cubators provide only a small part of this o " Wh . 0 b "I " enVIronment. at IS an Incu ator r Dr. Couney sometimes demands rhe- torically, and answers himself by saying, "A peanut roaster." The physician's vigilance and experience are more im- portant than any incubator to the sur- vival of a premature baby. Dr. Cou- ney has handled at least four times as many of thes babies as any other man in America. Dr. Julius Hays Hess of Chicago, the leading American academ- ic authority on premature infants, prob- ably ranks next in experience. As a young man he learned much from Dr. Couney (a debt which he goes out of his way to acknowledge), and he has been directing a premature-infant sta- tion in the Sarah Morris Hospital in Chicago since 1922. Dr. Couney has never even had a competitor at exposi- tions or amusement parks. He has nev- er taken a cent from the parents of a child under his care. The quarters paid at the gate maintain his establishment. It is evident, however, that through the years many more quarters have come in than have gone out, and Dr. Cou- ney is not ashamed of that. Dur- ing his lifetime he has earned more than the average general practi- tioner, but on the other hand decidedly less than a fashionable surgeon or internist. T HE Doctor IS a heavy, solid man with a pronounced stoop. He has the firm but gentle grasp that a Ilian migh t have after a life of handling canary birds. His hair and m us- tache are gray, and his clothes combine rich- ness with dignity. He goes in for dark broad- L. cloth and spats and in the street always wears a derby and carries a crook-handled cane. He is an affable man who prides himself on mix- ing a good Bacardi cocktail and who likes a gigot rare and gar- licky, in the French manner. Between sea- sons, for the last twen- ty-four years, he has 21 send him any more babies. So he is con- tent to hibernate at Seagate with his daughter, Hildegarde, and Madame Recht. Hildegarde is a registered nurse and for many years, with the help of a local doctor, used to manage a Couney exhibit of incubator babies at Atlantic City, but she won't this season because her father needs her at the Fair. Mrs. Couney, who died three years ago, was a registered nurse, too, and a practical expert in the care of premature babies. T HE Incubator Doctor was born in Alsace a few years before the Fran- co-Prussian War. After the war his parents moved to Breslau, in Silesia. He studied medicine there and in Ber- lin and Leipzig, taking a degree, and then went on to Paris to do graduate work with Pierre Constant Budin, at the time one of the great pediatricians of Europe. Budin was the leader in de- veloping a technique to save premature babies. Like a good Frenchman, he abhorred waste. A premature, in medi- cal parlance, is a baby born at least three weeks short of the normal forty-week period of gestation. Such a birth may result if the mother is involved in an ac- cident or if she is suffering from malnu- trition O[ illness. If the baby is born \ CCTif7 atch out, Fred! H ere it comes again!"


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text:
Crumbling Cooper Drive Sidewalks In Glastonbury To Be Replaced In September
By Peter Marteka
pmarteka@courant.com |
All the old asphalt sidewalks along Cooper Drive will be removed next month. New concrete sidewalks will be placed along the western and southern portion of the development. (Peter Marteka / Hartford Courant)
GLASTONBURY — Nadia West has lived in her Cooper Drive home in Glastonbury for 40 years. But the past few years have been disconcerting as she has watched people trip and children fall and scrape their knees while walking along the cracking and heaving bituminous sidewalks along her road.
"I have neighbors who fought for sidewalks for years," West said. "Sadly some of the neighbors who fought for the sidewalks have passed away and never seen a brand new sidewalk."
"I don't want to move away," she continued. "I love being here. I love being in town. But even during the snow it is dangerous to even clean snow on the sidewalk."
Those sidewalks won't be an issue anymore, as the town council recently approved $40,000 for a ribbon of concrete sidewalks running along the southern and western portions of Cooper Drive. The sidewalks, scheduled to be installed in September, will connect Naubuc Elementary School to Cooper Drive and Spring Street.
The sidewalks will make for a safer connection to Naubuc Elementary School. (Peter Marteka / Hartford Courant)
Although the old bituminous sidewalks ring the drive, the sidewalks along the northern and eastern portion of the road will be removed, the area filled in with dirt and reseeded.
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"We've been fighting for sidewalks because they are hazardous," Robert West said. "They are tar and you can't walk on them. You walk on them and you run the risk of getting hurt if someone isn't paying attention and looking at the ground. We were happy to see this proposal."
The current asphalt sidewalks are broken and cracked. The walks on the northern and eastern portion will be removed and grass seed will be planted. (Peter Marteka / Hartford Courant)
According to Daniel A. Pennington, town engineer and director of physical services, future plans include a crosswalk at the western corner of Cooper Drive and Spring Street, and a section of sidewalk along the southern side of Spring Street to Main Street.
Two Sidewalk Projects Heading For Construction Later This Summer
— By the fall, the town will have two new ribbons of concrete connecting several gaps in its sidewalk network.
A crosswalk will be added across Spring Street as well as new sidewalks along the southern portion of the street. No date has been set for these improvements. (Peter Marteka / Hartford Courant)
Councilman Stewart "Chip" Beckett III said the town has done a good job building new sidewalks. Over the years, the town has completed sidewalks along Main Street, from the East Hartford border to Route 17 in South Glastonbury.
"Letting existing sidewalks fall apart is a mistake," Beckett said. "We should fix ones that are deficient at this point and continue to expand. I think every time we've built a sidewalk, there's lots of people who use it and appreciate it. The idea that Glastonbury is too small to have sidewalks is not borne out the last 30 years."


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text:
The Ramones' First Album Finally Goes Gold, 38 Years Later
Ramones drummer Richie Ramone at a screening in Hollywood, California on October 1, 2013 .
Jeffrey Mayer—WireImage
By Joan E. Greve
June 12, 2014 11:28 AM EDT
The debut album by punk band The Ramones–creatively titled Ramones–has finally gone gold, with over 500,000 copies sold since its release in 1976.
The Recording Industry of America certified the album's gold status on April 30, almost exactly 38 years after its debut. The slow progress may be thanks to the album's lack of commercial success in the 1970s. It peaked at 111 on the U.S. Billboard 200.
Since then, however, the album has been labeled the most influential punk record by Spin magazine and was inducted into the Library of Congress in 2013 alongside Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon and Janis Joplin's Cheap Thrills.
Before his death in 2004, lead guitarist Johnny Ramone graded each of his band's 14 albums and gave Ramones an A. "After each take, the engineers would ask if I wanted to hear it back," Ramone said. "I'd ask them how it sounded. 'It sounded good.' So I just said, 'Okay, let's keep going.'"
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text:
Kellen Winslow set for MRI
Cleveland Browns tight end Kellen Winslow will have an MRI on his right shoulder after injuring it the closing minutes of Monday night's win over the Buffalo Bills.
Winslow was hurt when he was tackled in front of Buffalo's bench while making a 16-yard reception that set up Cleveland's game-winning field goal. The five-year veteran, who has had numerous injuries during his career, was driven to the ground by Bills linebacker Paul Posluszny and came up wincing in pain.
Winslow briefly left the field but did return.
Browns coach Romeo Crennel said defensive tackle Shaun Smith will also have an MRI on a calf injury.
Former New York Giants coach Jim Fassel said he hasn't spoken with Oakland managing general partner Al Davis in recent days and that his name being linked to the Raiders' coaching job is pure speculation.
The San Francisco 49ers placed right tackle Jonas Jennings on injured reserve for the third time in his four seasons with the club.
Jennings underwent surgery yesterday on his dislocated right shoulder, which has kept him out of action since it occurred in Week 2 against Seattle. He dressed but didn't play in the 49ers' past two games.
Vikings tackle Bryant McKinnie has a trial date in Miami set for March 16. He faces four charges stemming from his alleged involvement in a fight outside a nightclub in February.
Boston Celtics |
Celtics missing Marcus Smart, but Malcolm Brogdon continues to bring what's needed
Jaylen Brown redeems himself as Celtics hold off Lakers in wild overtime thriller
Boston Bruins |
Bruins cough up late lead, game to Panthers, 4-3 in OT
Revolution will get a warm-up in the preseason


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text:
import os

# Our testing module
import svntest
from svntest import wc

# (abbreviation)
Skip = svntest.testcase.Skip_deco
SkipUnless = svntest.testcase.SkipUnless_deco
XFail = svntest.testcase.XFail_deco
Issues = svntest.testcase.Issues_deco
Issue = svntest.testcase.Issue_deco
Wimp = svntest.testcase.Wimp_deco
Item = wc.StateItem

######################################################################
# Tests
#
#   Each test must return on success or raise on failure.

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

def cat_traces_renames(sbox):
  "verify that 'svn cat' traces renames"

  sbox.build()
  wc_dir = sbox.wc_dir
  rho_path   = os.path.join(wc_dir, 'A', 'D', 'G', 'rho')
  pi_path    = os.path.join(wc_dir, 'A', 'D', 'G', 'pi')
  bloo_path  = os.path.join(wc_dir, 'A', 'D', 'G', 'bloo')

  # rename rho to bloo. commit r2.
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'mv', rho_path, bloo_path)

  expected_output = svntest.wc.State(wc_dir, {
    'A/D/G/rho' : Item(verb='Deleting'),
    'A/D/G/bloo' : Item(verb='Adding')
    })
  expected_status = svntest.actions.get_virginal_state(wc_dir, 1)
  expected_status.remove('A/D/G/rho');
  expected_status.add({ 'A/D/G/bloo' :
                        Item(wc_rev=2, status='  ') })

  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_commit(wc_dir,
                                        expected_output,
                                        expected_status,
                                        None,
                                        wc_dir)

  # rename pi to rho.  commit r3.
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'mv', pi_path, rho_path)

  # svn cat -r1 rho  --> should show pi's contents.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None,
                                     [ "This is the file 'pi'.\n"], [],
                                     'cat',  '-r', '1', rho_path)

  expected_output = svntest.wc.State(wc_dir, {
    'A/D/G/pi' : Item(verb='Deleting'),
    'A/D/G/rho' : Item(verb='Adding')
    })
  expected_status = svntest.actions.get_virginal_state(wc_dir, 1)
  expected_status.remove('A/D/G/pi');
  expected_status.tweak('A/D/G/rho', wc_rev=3)
  expected_status.add({ 'A/D/G/bloo' :
                        Item(wc_rev=2, status='  ') })

  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_commit(wc_dir,
                                        expected_output,
                                        expected_status,
                                        None,
                                        wc_dir)

  # update whole wc to HEAD
  expected_output = svntest.wc.State(wc_dir, { }) # no output
  expected_status.tweak(wc_rev=3)
  expected_disk = svntest.main.greek_state.copy()
  expected_disk.remove('A/D/G/pi', 'A/D/G/rho')
  expected_disk.add({
    'A/D/G/rho' : Item("This is the file 'pi'.\n"),
    })
  expected_disk.add({
    'A/D/G/bloo' : Item("This is the file 'rho'.\n"),
    })
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_update(wc_dir,
                                        expected_output,
                                        expected_disk,
                                        expected_status)

  # 'svn cat bloo' --> should show rho's contents.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None,
                                     [ "This is the file 'rho'.\n"], [],
                                     'cat',  bloo_path)

  # svn cat -r1 bloo --> should still show rho's contents.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None,
                                     [ "This is the file 'rho'.\n"], [],
                                     'cat',  '-r', '1', bloo_path)

  # svn cat -r1 rho  --> should show pi's contents.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None,
                                     [ "This is the file 'pi'.\n"], [],
                                     'cat',  '-r', '1', rho_path)

  # svn up -r1
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None, None, [], 'up', '-r', '1', wc_dir)
  expected_status = svntest.actions.get_virginal_state(wc_dir, 1)
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_status(wc_dir, expected_status)

  # svn cat -rHEAD rho --> should see 'unrelated object' error.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn("unrelated object",
                                     None, svntest.verify.AnyOutput,
                                     'cat',  '-r', 'HEAD', rho_path)

@Issue(1970)
def cat_avoids_false_identities(sbox):
  "verify that 'svn cat' avoids false identities"

  sbox.build()
  wc_dir = sbox.wc_dir

  # Issue #1970
  #
  # Highlight a bug in the client side use of the repository's
  # location searching algorithm.
  #
  # The buggy history-following algorithm determines the paths that a
  # line of history would be *expected to be* found in a given revision,
  # but doesn't treat copies as gaps in the historical sequence.  If
  # some other object fills those gaps at the same expected path, the
  # client will find the wrong object.
  #
  # In the recipe below, iota gets created in r1.  In r2, it is
  # deleted and replaced with an unrelated object at the same path.
  # In r3, the interloper is deleted.  In r4, the original iota is
  # resurrected via a copy from r1.
  #
  #     ,- - - - - - --.
  #    o---| o---| o    o----->
  #
  #    |     |     |    |
  #   r1    r2    r3   r4
  #
  # In a working copy at r4, running
  #
  #    $ svn cat -r2 iota
  #
  # should result in an error, but with the bug it instead cats the r2
  # interloper.
  #
  # To reassure yourself that that's wrong, recall that the above
  # command is equivalent to
  #
  #    $ svn cat -r2 iota@4
  #
  # Now do you see the evil that lies within us?

  iota_path = os.path.join(wc_dir, 'iota')
  iota_url = sbox.repo_url + '/iota'

  # r2
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'del', iota_path)
  svntest.main.file_append(iota_path, "YOU SHOULD NOT SEE THIS\n")
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'add', iota_path)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'ci', '-m', 'log msg',
                       wc_dir)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'up', wc_dir)

  # r3
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'del', iota_path)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'ci', '-m', 'log msg',
                       wc_dir)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'up', wc_dir)

  # r4
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'cp', iota_url + '@1', wc_dir)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'ci', '-m', 'log msg',
                       wc_dir)
  svntest.main.run_svn(None, 'up', wc_dir)

  # 'svn cat -r2 iota' should error, because the line of history
  # currently identified by /iota did not exist in r2, even though a
  # totally unrelated file of the same name did.
  svntest.actions.run_and_verify_svn(None, None, svntest.verify.AnyOutput,
                                     'cat', '-r', '2', iota_path)

########################################################################
# Run the tests

# list all tests here, starting with None:
test_list = [ None,
              cat_traces_renames,
              cat_avoids_false_identities,
              ]

if __name__ == '__main__':
  svntest.main.run_tests(test_list)
  # NOTREACHED

### End of file.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
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        #author         lut000
        #date           2017/03/29
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.layui-laypage-total>.layui-laypage-btn:hover{background: #e60c2e;}

/*小导航*/
.nav-links{line-height: 22px; font-size: 16px;padding:50px 0 30px;}
.nav-links>a{color: #333333;}
.nav-links>img{width: 8px;vertical-align: middle;}
.nav-links>.current-link{color: #FB3352;}
.nav-links>a:hover{color: #FB3352;}

.show-pic-box{z-index: 1001;position: fixed;left: 0;top: 0;width: 100%;height: 100%;text-align: center;display: none;-webkit-user-select: none;-moz-user-select: none;-o-user-select: none;-ms-user-select: none;user-select: none;}
.show-pic-box>img{width: 80%;margin-bottom: 10px;}
.show-pic-box>span{color: #fff}
.show-pic-box>button{display: inline-block;*display: inline-block;}
.show-close{z-index: 10;position: absolute;top: 30px;right: 30px;width: 40px;}
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/*右侧*/
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text:
Homepage / Movie / Joker Movie Wiki Akshay Kumar
Joker Movie Wiki Akshay Kumar
By Novia TalinaPosted on January 15, 2021
Akshay kumar was born on 9 september 1967 (age 53 years; Akshay kumar (amritsar, 9 settembre 1967) è un attore indiano.
அடுத்த வருடத்திற்கு தள்ளிப்போனது ரஜினியின் 2.0! புதிய
Bava chelladurai, ramasamy and bala murugan did the supporting roles.
Joker movie wiki akshay kumar. Although the former film received mixed reviews; Akshay kumar is an indian based bollywood actor, stuntman, martial artist, and philanthropist. In the same year, he starred in comedy film mr.
Joker was reportedly promoted as kumar's 100th film, but later akshay kumar clarified that the 100th film landmark had been crossed long before he even signed up for joker. He is college dropped out from guru nanak khalsa college, mumbai. Akshay kumar is an indian actor, producer, television personality, martial artist, and philanthropist.he has built up himself as a standout amongst the most popular and compelling performers of indian film.
And akshay kumar akshay kumar was born on 9th september 1967 and hi >> read more. In the 90s, due to starring in hit action films like khiladi (1929), mohra (1979) and badaab khiladi (195), kumar was dubbed the action hero of bollywood and especially as "khiladi". Biography / wiki akshay kumar aka rajiv hari om bhatia is an indian actor and producer who prominently works in bollywood films.
Akshay kumar birth name is rajiv hari om bhatia.he is not only an actor but also a philanthropist, stuntman and martial artist. In 2012, he founded another production company called grazing goat pictures pvt ltd.joker was reportedly promoted as kumar's 100th film, but later akshay kumar clarified that the 100th film landmark had been crossed long before he even signed up for joker. Joker is a 2012 science fiction bollywood film of indian origin.
This was produced by dream warrior pictures. Joker, regia di shirish kunder (2012) special chabbis, regia di neeraj pandey (2013). It was written and directed by raju murugan (of cuckoo film famous).
He was once worked as a chef in […] Bahattar singh / tehattar singh: Akshay kumar started his acting career with film 'saugandh' (1991) and his produced debut film 'joker' (2012).
Akshay kumar is a black belt holder in taekwondo and also has expertise in muay thai. He debuts in bollywood movie saugandh in 1991.akshay started his carrier as an actor with raj sippy, akash mehra, nadir irani's successful drama movie and. Rajkumar / agastya shirish kunder:
Akshay kumar was born on 9 september 1967 in amritsar, punjab, india.she is an indian film actor, producer, martial artist, stuntman and television personality, who works in bollywood films. He has established himself as one of the most famous and influential actors of indian cinema. And produced by farah khan farah khan is an indian film actress, producer, di >> read more.
Film tersebut dibintangi oleh akshay kumar bersama dengan sonakshi sinha sebagai pemeran utama. Kumar's performance in it was praised. Kumar was born in india, but now has canadian citizenship, overseas citizen of india.
Akshay kumar, de son vrai nom rajiv hari om bhatia, né le 9 septembre 1967, est un acteur indien.il a tourné plus de 100 films à bollywood.ses nombreux succès dans des films d'action et des comédies l'établissent comme l'une des plus grandes stars de l'industrie cinématographique hindi Akshay kumar is a canadian actor and producer who lives in mumbai. It is directed by shirish kunder shirish kunder is an indian film producer, directo >> read more.
(en) akshay kumar, su internet movie database, imdb.com. I will be covering up about akshay kumar age, height, weight, wiki, family, wife, son, movies, biography, net worth & many more. As in 2020) in amritsar, punjab, india.
With akshay kumar, sonakshi sinha, shreyas talpade, minissha lamba. He was born on 9 september 1967 in amritsar, punjab, india. Akshay kumar (born rajiv hari om bhatia on 9 september 1949) is an indian bollywood film actor.he has appeared in more than 130 hindi films.
His father's name was hari om bhatia, who was a military officer and his mother's name is aruna bhatia.he has a sister named alka bhatia. He changed his name to akshay kumar because in one of his favorite actress' movies, the male actor opposite her favorite actress was. Agastya is a scientist who is working on a.
Akshay kumar is an indian actor, producer, television personality, martial artist, and philanthropist. Film tersebut dirilis di seluruh dunia pada 31. The film released worldwide on 31 august 2012, and received mixed to negative response.
Akshay kumar neither drinks alcohol nor smokes. This was the second film in which sinha paired opposite kumar after rowdy rathore (2012). Akshay made his acting debut in 1991 with the film saugandh.
Film ini adalah film kedua dimana sinha berperan bersama dengan kumar setelah rowdy rathore (2012). He earned several awards like, filmfare awards, national film awards, government of india awards & other awards for best actor category.] Be it in movies or real life, his swag is unmatchable.
The film was made with guru somasundaram and newcomers ramya pandian and gayathri krishnaa in leading role. He first came into the limelight with the movie khiladi and went on to become a top […] Akshay kumar wiki, age, height, wife, girlfriend, family.kumar was born in amritsar, punjab, india, to hari om bhatia and aruna bhatia in a punjabi family.his father was an army officer.
He is an actor with a great voice, flawless dialogue delivery, and stylish personality. It was a miscalculation on shirish's part. Akshay kumar is well known indian film actor, stuntman, television personality, producer and martial artist.he was born on 9 september 1967 in amritsar, punjab, india.
To improve the plight of the inhabitants of paglapur, he comes up with a novel idea. Akshay is noticeable for his work in indian bollywood film industry. Akshay kumar wiki, biography, age, family, movies list, images:
A space scientist working on a project to communicate with aliens visits a village called paglapur. The film stars akshay kumar opposite sonakshi sinha in lead roles.
Rajinikanth Akshay Kumar's 2.0 Earns Rs 370 Crore Even
Yeh Joker Joker Akshay Kumar Sonakshi Sinha Joker
OMG Oh My God! (2012) 20180415 6/6 in 2019 Latest
AKSHAY KUMAR에 있는 DECCAN CHARGERS chargers님의 핀 잡지 표지, 표지
Pin by Rahul Kangsiya on Akshay kumar Superhero, Batman
Joker (2012) IMDb in 2020 Joker full movie, Full
Akshay Kumar की Film Housefull 4 की इस जगह हो रही हैं
Роди Ратор Bollywood posters, Bollywood movie, Akshay kumar
It's Entertainment from Akshay Kumar Hindi movie song
Yeh Joker Joker Official New Full Song Video feat
Pin by روابى المطيرى on Akshay kumar Akshay kumar
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Without RSS now, so dropping in on mu frinds sites when I can remember. A pleasant surprise greeted me at Carine's site - on 23 Dec 2005, she adopted Mikey, a ginger-white kitten from the SPCA. See her post Meet Mikey!
His face looks a lot like Mr Bats but he has a lovely ginger side to him. Pity his brother was taken, she'd have adopted them both!
Posted at 7:33AM UTC by N. Sivasothi | permalink | , .


text:
Maldives Adventure Travel Guide: Ideas and Inspiration
PureTravel Says: "Off the Indian mainland is the island cluster of Maldives, which was referred to as the 'flower of the Indies' by Marco Polo. Maldives identifies itself with the history of the early Dravidian settlements and is the homeland for several cultures, linguistics and folklore. Being the 'garland of islands' in Indian Ocean, Maldives, is one of the most exotic places you can be in, on your tour to Asia. More than being just a favourite holiday destination for its beautiful sceneries on the beach, Maldives is a host to adventurous visitors interested in swimming, scuba diving, water skiing, snorkelling, windsurfing and fishing. With its virgin and adventurous beaches, Maldives promises to be as interesting as the "Robin Crusoe" islands for visitors."
Scuba Diving - Maldives offers scuba diving facilities and you can go diving in the best of diving destinations like Kaafu Atoll and Ari Atoll. Each of the resorts at Maldives also organizes special classes to train visitors and to you enjoy the adventure that is in store under the water. Courses like rescue diving, night diving and underwater photography attracts people from all over the globe. Most of the resorts even have portions of a sheltered reef, so even in strong winds and rough seas, visitors are not denied the thrill of scuba diving.
Snorkelling - Where there is ocean, there of course is excitement and there is no better way to have this stimulation down your spine than snorkelling. Over the shallow reefs, witnessing the beauty of the corals and life underwater surely is an exhilarating experience while snorkelling. At times the reefs are just a walk off the beach but most resorts at Maldives organise snorkelling sessions to allow visitors experience the thrill of the water.
Surfing - Surfing is an upcoming adventure sport for visitors holidaying in the Maldives. In the two major surfing destinations, North Male' Atolls and the Outer Atolls, a host of different breaks and currents can be experienced, with an average of 3 -8 meters of surf. The biggest swells come up during the months of June to September when the monsoonal winds from the Indian subcontinent pull the swells a little off the shore.
Submarines - Maldives is an ideal destination to experience a secure and air conditioned Whale Submarine to give you an enchanting experience of the beautiful coral reefs, ocean life and breathtaking tropical fish. Descending over 100 feet below the ocean's surface, you can witness the treasure trove of the oceans which was once accessible only to scuba divers.
Cruise Boats - An archipelago with islands scattered across, cruise boating can give you the opportunity to explore some of the 1,190 islands. Accompanying you in every boat are experienced professionals who take you to both barren and inhabited islands to get you a feel of the local way of life. Many of these boats also take you to the best diving spots and fishing destinations of the world.
Island Hopping - Island hopping tours give you a wholesome experience of the islands of Maldives all in a day. Packed in are inhabited and barren islands, other resorts, and barbecues on the beaches, with diving and snorkelling to your hearts' content. At times such trips are organized by resorts themselves on seaplanes. Traveling on seaplanes lets you have a view of the crystalline lagoons, elegant coral reefs and a view of the islands on the sea appearing like jewels on a garland.
Whale and Dolphin Watching - Maldives is home to over 20 species of the world's whale and dolphin population. So, it is no wonder that you can find Spinner dolphins coming for their schedule meals to the shores every morning and afternoon at your resort beaches. Of course touring the ocean and checking out for more dolphins and whales in a safari boat is both more adventurous and exciting.
Other Water Sports - With vibrant colours and abundant wildlife of the oceans, skiing kayaking, parasailing, kite surfing and jet skiing can be a psychedelic experience.
Visit Male - The Maldives capital, Male boasts of a busy urban life with different shades of the Maldives lifestyle adding colours to it. Be it the Islamic Centre, the Hukuru Misky, the Medhu Ziyaaraiy, or Mulee-agee, they never fail to attract enough visitor attention.
If you are looking to bask in the sun then December to April is a good time to visit. The period from November to April is also associated with increased clarity of the water which makes the aquatic flora and fauna more visible. Though the months of May to November are warm with cloudy skies, the period from June to September is known to witness the biggest swells. So, for the best of surfing and adventure experiences, this is the best time to tour Maldives.
- While scuba diving you should always keep in mind the direction and the force of the currents to get the best of thrills and safety.
- Avoid carrying illegal drugs, alcoholic beverages or pornographic material to the country.
- Do not try to pick up and export corals, shells and don't damage the exotic natural beauty - these are prohibited by law.
- Nudity is an offence in the Maldives so dress modestly and avoid sunbathing topless.
Holidays In Focus
Scuba Diving - Maldives is gifted with some excellent scuba diving spots like the Lion's Head, the marine park whose average reef depth is of 15- 20 meters. Generally the average visibility is 20-25 meters but it may reach up to even 40 meters. The marine sanctuary, Kuda Haa, has a beautiful reef of sponges and corals with basslets, butterfly fishes and fusiliers roaming all about and sharks lazing in shallow areas.
Sandwiched between a couple of outer atoll islands, Girifushi Thila has caves, overhangs and crevices from 10 meters to 30 meters on the reef. It also attracts hanging corals, with orange colours and a school of small reef fish and pelagic species like eagle rays and tunas. Other major scuba diving spots are the Maldives Victory, Sunlight Thila, Banana Reef, Rasfari, Nassimo Thila and Okobe Thila which can all boast of making your underwater curiosities go wild.
Surfing - Maldives has organized the O'Neil Blue competition for two years in a row and found itself on a firm foothold in the face of international surfing destinations. The North Male' Atoll during the season from April to October hosts the best and the most popular breaks while the Outer Atolls from February to April witness some world class breaks that surfers hardly ever get to witness. The off shore breaks gives the surfer the most exciting surfing experience mainly during the monsoon season with winds blowing across from the Indian subcontinent to create enormous swells.
The uninhabited Villingilimathai Hurra islands are situated close to the Eastern Reef of North Male Atoll requires speed, a long left hander with two sections and a thin, racing lip to get the best out of swells is one of the hottest destinations for surfing. Thulusdhoo, the capital of Atoll is also known for short but intense rides. While the Piddies are best for beginners, the Kanu Hurra is a break with maximum consistency. There are also other famous surfing destinations like Kate's Riptides, Quarters, Twin Peaks, Gurus, Honkeys to name a few.
Underwater Photography - With diving, snorkelling, surfing and going down submarines, underwater photography is something you cannot and should not miss because Maldives is known to be a paradise for underwater photographers. Though strong currents make it difficult to hold the camera still, the colorful fishes and corals with a wide and wild variety of pelagic species make this bit of trouble worthwhile. You could also capture the pristine blue lagoons and the 'flower of the Indies' on your camera.
Visit To Male - The Islam Center of Male' is one of the most famous mosques in South East Asia and is an architectural hallmark of Male'. With ornate wood carvings, Arabic scripts, the mosque housing 5,000 worshippers is a wonder in its own. The Huruku Miskiy is built all in coral stones with elegant windows in sandalwood, redwood and teak and coral carvings. Medhu Ziyaaraiy is a shrine to Yusuf al Barbaree, a Moroccan scholar who brought in Islam to Maldives, while the Mulee-agee is the present day Presidential Palace.
- Scuba Diving in the various diving reefs such as Rasfari, Sunlight Thila, Lion's Head, *Kuda Haa or the Maldives Victory.
- Surfing the swells and breaks of North Male' Atoll and Outer Atoll.
- Witnessing the aquatic flora and fauna from the submarine.
- Cruising on boats visiting the islands.
- Island hopping.
- Whale and dolphin watching on safari boats.
- A tour to the capital Male.
By Julie Bowman