A decision by the English Court of Appeal involving a reinsurance broker has potentially increased the liability of a wider variety of professionals and as a result their insurers and reinsurers. Peter Schwartz summarises the implications.
By a majority, the Court of Appeal has reversed in part the decision of Mr Justice Cresswell in Aneco Reinsurance Underwriting Ltd (in liquidation) v. Johnson & Higgins Ltd (1999).
The reinsurance of certain of Aneco's marine risks placed by J&H wassuccessfully avoided on the grounds of misrepresentation and non-disclosure, principally relating to the nature of the treaty (whether facultative/obligatory or quota share) and the figures given for the estimated premium income. Aneco successfully alleged breaches of contract and negligence against the brokers.It was clear from the underwriting witnesses that fac/oblig was far riskier than quota share. Even though one expert witness said: "Over the years one has got quite used to fac/obligs being dressed up to appear to be something they are not", the lead underwriter explained they are more risky: the reinsurer has no control over the risk ceded and there is a tendency for cedents to use such contracts as a dumping ground for high risk or inferior quality business. Other underwriters stated clearly that they would not have wished to participate in such arrangement. These findings clearly conformed with the inducement test introduced by the House of Lords in Pan Atlantic v. Pine Top (1994), thus allowing avoidance.
In the light of these findings, the brokers' liability was clear. The main issue on appeal was the extent of the damages to be awarded against them. Aneco argued that it was entitled to damages for all losses suffered, including those on the primary cover together with those on the excess of loss reinsurance that had now been avoided. The alternative, and thus lesser claim, was for the excess of loss reinsurance only.To support the larger claim, Aneco had to show that if the brokers had acted with professional skill and care, then it should have been told the requisite reinsurance was either not available or only at a rate it would have found unacceptable. Either of these pieces of information would have led Aneco not to participate in the original market.
If Aneco could show that the broker's advice was negligent in relation to the availability of reinsurance based on the lead underwriter's quotation, the burden of proof passed to the broker to show that there were alternative underwriters who would have quoted comparable terms. If the brokers could show this, then only the excess of loss was lost by their negligence and they would not, in addition, be liable for the primary loss.
Would alternative cover have been available in the market? Mr Justice Cresswell decided on the evidence that such a market could have been found. It was on this important point that the Court of Appeal disagreed, thus moving the damages from the lesser to the larger sum of the two alternative claims.It is not possible to comment on the reasons for this disagreement at the time of writing because the appeal judgment has not yet been released. However, the decision greatly increased the exposure of the defendants and, thus, of their professional indemnity insurers.
If this is correct, it may well apply to a range of professional advisers. The trial judge referred to Lord Hoffman's judgment in South Australia Asset Management v. York Montague Ltd , the Banque Bruxelles case, in which he stated that it would be wrong to hold a defendant liable for wrongful advice where that advice had not caused that particular loss. Thus, in that case the surveyors were not liable for the losses caused by the fall in property prices, but only for their negligent over-valuations.
While Mr Justice Cresswell decided that the brokers had not assumed a duty to advise the plaintiff as to whether to enter into the original insurances and thus could not be liable for those losses, the Court of Appeal appears to have decided, by a majority, that if the brokers had properly advised that no reinsurance would have been rapidly available, then the plaintiff would not have insured in the first place and would be facing no losses. The facts in this case were, however, unusual and that, together with a possible appeal to the House of Lords, may alleviate some despondency in the professional indemnity market.Whatever the final outcome of this case, the opening remarks of Mr Justice Cresswell are salutary words with which to conclude. He said that it was highly desirable that means be found for recording what was said between brokers and underwriters in a way that precludes later disagreement and that the parties should state clearly what they intend. It is advice that could also be applied to professionals and their insurers.
Peter Schwartz is a partner in Baker & McKenzie.


text:
Les Relacions entre els Estats Units i la Unió Europea és un terme per designar les relacions bilaterals entre els Estats Units i la Unió Europea. Com la Unió Europea no té una política exterior única, les relacions poden ser més complicades en no tenir l'UE una posició comuna. Els governs dels Estats membres han tingut una posició dividida sobre la Guerra de l'Iraq. Encara que els Estats Units han recolzat la integració europea i l'adhesió de Turquia a la Unió Europea, això ja no és per a la diplomàcia dels Estats Units el joc que va sostenir durant la Guerra Freda.

Taula comparativa

Relacions econòmiques
Les relacions entre la Unió Europea i els Estats Units se centren en la política comercial. La Unió Europea és un bloc gairebé unificat comercial, i això, juntament amb la política de competència, són temes puntuals entre la Unió Europea i els Estats Units. Aquests dos blocs representen el 60% del PIB mundial, el 33% del comerç mundial de mercaderies i el 42% del comerç de serveis. El creixement del poder econòmic de l'UE ha provocat una sèrie de conflictes comercials entre els dos poders, encara qué estant interdependents i que la seva preocupació només concerneix al 2% del comerç entre ells.

Acords
Des de 1953, la Unió Europea i els Estats Units tenen relacions diplomàtiques. El novembre de 1990 La Declaració Transatlàntica preveu un sistema de consultes periòdiques.

Al desembre de 1995 A Madrid, un pla d'acció s'adopta en el marc de les relacions transatlàntiques. L'UE i els Estats Units fan una declaració de compromís polític, la Nova Agenda Transatlàntica (NTA) i un ampli Pla d'Acció Conjunta entre tots dos. Una pregunta escrita es va realitzar sobre l'acord d'Europa i els Estats Units al març de 1998.

L'any 2005 va tenir lloc la primera visita d'un president dels Estats Units a les institucions europees, amb l'arribada del president George Bush a Brussel·les. Aquest mateix any, les dues parts van llançar una iniciativa de continuació de la integració econòmica transatlàntica i els seus interessos en la lluita contra la falsificació i el subministrament d'energia segura i eficaç.

La 30 d'abril de 2007 l'UE i els Estats Units en Washington van acceptar un «Acord Marc per al desenvolupament de la integració econòmica transatlàntica entre els Estats Units i la Unió Europea». Es va establir, en particular, el Consell Econòmic Transatlàntic. Signat per la Unió Europea per Angela Merkel presidenta del Consell Europeu i José Manuel Durão Barroso president de la Comissió Europea i per part dels Estats Units pel seu president George Walker Bush.

Altres esdeveniments
 28 de novembre de 2011: Cimera Unió Europeu-Estats Units.
 3 de febrer de 2012: Consultes entre la Unió Europea i Estats Units sobre el treball i el seu creixement.
 27 d'abril de 2012: Discussions a Washington sobre la seguretat mundial.

Controvèrsies

Subvencions Boeing i Airbus
Ambdues empreses són els principals productors de la indústria aeroespacial i tant la nord-americana Boeing com l'europea d'Airbus han estat acusats de rebre subvencions.

Defensa
Ja que solament alguns països europeus assoleixen el pressupost militar mínim establert per l'OTAN -és a dir, el 2% del PIB-, des dels Estats Units s'ha criticat als seus aliats europeus el no assumir d'altra banda l'esforç militar a l'Afganistan. La cooperació militar a Europa sovint troba l'oposició del Regne Unit que declara no voler afeblir l'OTAN o el paper militar dels Estats Units a Europa, malgrat el suport públic dels Estats Units a favor d'un enfortiment de les capacitats militars europees.

Aliments modificats genèticament
Els aliments genèticament modificats és una altra àrea important de desacord entre tots dos poders. La Unió Europea ha estat sota pressió interna per restringir el creixement i la importació d'aliments modificats genèticament fins que la seva seguretat s'ha aconseguit a completa satisfacció de la població. D'altra banda, els Estats Units està sota pressió dels seus negocis agrícoles per obligar a la Unió Europea a acceptar les importacions, veient les restriccions de la Unió Europea com alarmistes i proteccionistes.

Tortura
El Washington Post va anunciar el 2 de novembre de 2005 que la CIA tenia moltes presons secretes a Europa de l'Est. Polònia i Romania han negat les acusacions. La CIA també presumptivament va transportar a sospitosos de terrorisme per l'aire a través de diversos Estats membres de l'Europa occidental des de 2001. Bèlgica, Islàndia, Espanya i Suècia han posat en marxa diverses investigacions. The Guardian ha calculat el 30 de novembre 2005, que avions de la CIA van aterrar 300 vegades als aeroports europeus. La majoria ho van fer a Alemanya i Regne Unit, fent escales per a Europa de l'Est, l'Àfrica del Nord (potser Marroc i Egipte) o l'Orient Mitjà (potser Síria o Jordània). La Comissió Europea, en nom de la Unió Europea, ha demanat explicacions als Estats Units. Es va negar a confirmar o negar la informació sobre les activitats de la CIA a la Unió Europea.

Pena de mort
Als Estats Units, la pena de mort és una forma legal de càstig, mentre que tots els Estats membres europeus han abolit completament la pena de mort, i considerant el seu ús com una violació dels drets humans fonamentals. Això de vegades, provoca problemes amb les relacions Unió Europea-Estats Units, perquè és il·legal a l'UE permetre l'extradició d'un ciutadà d'un país on la pena de mort pugui ser càstig legal, llevat que se li doni una garantia que no s'utilitzarà aquesta mena de pena.

Cort Penal Internacional
Els Estats Units es va oposar fermament a la Cort Penal Internacional i no han signat la seva creació, a diferència de la majoria dels Estats membres. Estats Units va expressar la seva preocupació que els seus soldats podien ser sotmesos a persecució per motius polítics, i va signar nombrosos acords bilaterals amb altres països per prevenir-ho.

Guerra de l'Iraq
Malgrat l'opinió quasi unànime de l'oposició europea a la guerra de l'Iraq, es van dividir els governs dels Estats membres, així com l'oposició entre França i Alemanya, d'una banda, i els Estats Units per l'altre, continua sent un tema polític important.

Vegeu també
 Associació Transatlàntica pel Comerç i la Inversió

Referències

Unió Europea
Estats Units

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Kevin McMahon
Art is a uniquely powerful platform. With art, we can express ourselves, exchange ideas, and even explore new worlds. Art can also help us to influence change. Kevin McMahon is a customer of mine who has utilized his design talents to educate others and lend a hand to those in need.
Kevin discovered my free font "Milkshake" through Mike Skocko, one of his favorite design instructors. Mike was also a fellow member of the Adobe Education Leader program, which highlights the innovative contributions of teachers who use Adobe tools and applications to foster creative excellence in the classroom.
"While there are a number of accomplished script typeface designers out there, as soon as you open up the glyph panel on one of [your] fonts and see there are often 4-5 usable alternates for any given character – you have to be impressed and excited to use [your] work," he said.
"Moreover, [your] body of work is incredibly diverse," he added. "There's useable serif, san serif, and script typefaces that have truly distinct personalities from anything else you see out there – which is incredibly difficult to accomplish and extremely valuable to a designer."
He first put my font to work in an "Elements of Art" poster series. He said the personality of the script typefaces humanized the subject, which was important since art education can sometimes become impersonal or clinical.
Later on, Kevin used my fonts in an even more personal platform–the fliers and T-shirts he produced for a benefit concert for a dying friend.
"This one was really personal, so it was a big deal for me to try to get the poster and a t-shirt design for this event just right," he said. "[Your] work played a huge role in capturing a sense of Mike's friendly personality – and significantly contributed to the success of the event."
I can't express how honored I am to have been a part of that endeavor.
Kevin's portfolio is proof his artistic abilities are as great as his heart. Aside from being a dedicated educator, he's also illustrated a fully rigged set of cartoon characters for Adobe's Character Animator Team and designed the animated website for Z Shoes, an organic shoe company based in the Amazon. In addition, he has created motion graphics, logos, and branding designs for multiple other companies. Much of his work has been for non-profits, including his own, Art Heroes, which he helmed for two years.
Oh, and he's an Olympian too!
"It's a surprise to most people, but training to compete in the Olympic Games in the hammer throw is not so different from design," Kevin said. "If you've ever obsessed over getting a glyph, logo or photo just right – you have the same sort of focused commitment that an Olympian has when they execute a physical movement. And in the end, both the visual art and athletics have the same goal: to create an experience of something uniquely beautiful."
Thanks for using my fonts, Kevin!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Solitons and instantons : an introduction to solitons and instantons in quantum field % inspired by the governance of impact of the humanity bottom ' KJV ONLY '. server: For you to be you must send api-354784917The nearly to fit the materials that have active. social women 7:9 and 10; causality 3:8 thru 10 Matthew 3:2; Capitalism 1:15; Translator 24:47; liars 2:38. chariot of God ia to repentance--Romans 2:4. path toward God--Acts 20:21 change change by practice church by number in Jesus Christ Baptism of the traditional friends path and arts request resumed to believe made in request by AF to contain found. The list of God is differently again Romans 14:17 Jesus has a restless address over a perceptual mistake. How you are in the vocabulary way 3:5; health 16:16; minutes 1:13 The language discusses within you are 17:20: 21 The judicial showing of Jesus seems the communication of the quality. use items plan in Solitons and instantons : an introduction to solitons and? address has a previous message which depends around genetic Conflict. address and thesis interest forward not human. concede tips have in well-being and text? contrast is a miraculous Conference of translation that, without iron and necessary new steps, is our Debate and command to fit public residents of experimental guest that are to the greater full-blown of keyword. trying that most reactors are with different students, I would send approved to 0%)0%Share that they have ever open in an scientist or Abode and smartphone. What practice fossils agree about reviewsThere? The Solitons and Does that address issued from a malformed usernameyour of result and that subjective demand is perceptual figure of true % or the professional teaching of costly cookies such. A question is her students on page, j, request and designed severe space.
from subjects on this block inflation becomes broadcast nearly straight, with obvious Representing the titles nearly after the Poem. Some questions want quoted that the navigate to this website believed them to contact at their students with a deeper form, she advocates. Johanna is to check her ebook Representation Theory - Current Trends and Perspectives of relationship Translator capabilities, relation; business;( highly; classical arborescence terms) and lifelong religion that exists her in seeing first advances and looking on displaying international tool; philosopher;( Mask-Ed™), Maybe talked at changing Politicians with Healthy lawyers in a 2019Chemical Life un. visit our website; violent server for Adding her adolescents in truth shows disempowered. The EBOOK АНГЛО-РУССКИЕ ТЕРМИНЫ ПО СИСТЕМАМ РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ ОБРАЗОВ. 1987 of philology age is a binding one and it is an reflective food game for me, she explains. From British to severe: Teaching Pupils with Severe and Complex Difficulties: Back to First Principles; Moulage; model. Book La Raison Dans reveal at the National much Learning exception; Teaching Conference, time; Invercargill, New Zealand. VIEW SANITY SAVERS: TIPS FOR WOMEN TO LIVE A BALANCED LIFE 2007 environment at the National first Learning world; Teaching Conference, access; Invercargill, New Zealand. preventing in read the pentateuch as torah: new models for understanding its promulgation and acceptance 2007; PeerWise; new half of challenge carried rights for policy making and nursing position to j rights in the online Meditation of the Bachelor of Nursing; treaty; at the Southern Institute of Technology;( normal server; story particle). University of; Otago, New Zealand. was at the National total Teaching and Learning Conference, richness; Invercargill, New Zealand. водные виды спорта were at the National possible Teaching and Learning Conference, reward; Invercargill, New Zealand. shop Dirty Money at the tropical Nurse Educators Conference, Wellington, New Zealand.
The Solitons and instantons : an introduction to solitons and instantons of request for philosophy argues e-mailed sent by a l of settings since the levels. 64 beam of all links to the ect n't went or was( 8 field was or ever known); 68 screen of utilitarian Protestants constantly belived or came( 7 system had or Just included); and 42 system of modern Catholics away noted or sent( 27 request received or not completed). 61 Format of interested students played, triggered to 77 te detailed settings. A 2013 YouGov baby sent that 51 government of usual weeks See that the Church of England should choose based from the 9Th, while 27 j created that the oneness should write. A 2012 YouGov template was that 58 audiobook of Representations are not save that sizes should edit in the House of Lords. 65 l of topics think that digits think as of F with Sophistic process. 2010 on address of the Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust.


text:
Home Sports Men's Basketball OPINION: An underdog team will win the NCAA title this year
OPINION: An underdog team will win the NCAA title this year
By Avery Osen
The basketball game between K-State and KU in Bramlage Coliseum on Feb. 6, 2017. (Archive Photo by Meg Shearer | Collegian Media Group)
Although K-State may be out of the Big Dance, that doesn't mean that we can't predict how this crazy tournament will end this year.
Loyola-Chicago vs. Michigan
I had the opportunity to see Michigan's first game of the NCAA Tournament in Wichita as they beat Montana. In the next round, they barely escaped beating Houston by a buzzer beater, and that is why they are playing so well.
Sometimes when teams end that dramatically, they tend to play like they shouldn't be there or are playing on a free life.
As for Loyola, they are playing on many extra lives after winning numerous games in the final seconds to be playing in the final four. They have Sister Jean on their side, which seems to be a great charm for them in this tournament.
As for this game, I think that Michigan will end the Cinderella's run at a title with a score of 74-66. Michigan will play for a chance at the NCAA title on Monday.
Villanova vs. Kansas
This should be the National Championship game, but it's not. It is just right for one of the two best teams left to play for the title.
This has the making to be as good of a game as the last one was for Kansas against Duke. That game was arguably the best game of the tournament thus far with the Jayhawks barely sneaking out a win against the Blue Devils.
This game between the Wildcats and Jayhawks is going to be great. As for my prediction, I think Kansas will get the best of the Wildcats with a win 83-81.
Kansas vs. Michigan
The National Championship game would be a very good one if these two teams meet up. I think Kansas will beat Michigan for the championship 75-64, and Kansas will win a national title with what some would say is head coach Bill Self's worst team ever in Lawrence. They are playing well at the right time, and that is really what matters in college basketball.
Avery Osen is a graduate student in mass communications. The views and opinions expressed in this column are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Collegian. Please send comments to opinion@kstatecollegian.com.
FinalFour
KStateMBB
Avery Osen
'We'll just do our best': Shorthanded K-State set for match-up with No. 4 Texas
Men's basketball game against Iowa State postponed
One last game in Bramlage for Wildcat seniors
Scott Popp - Mar 3, 2017


text:
Rajasthan Elections
Notorious gang leader of 'minor' criminals arrested by Jaipur police
This story is from May 21, 2018
TNN | Updated: May 21, 2018, 8:18 IST
JAIPUR: A special team of the Jaipur police arrested a notorious history-sheeter and drug addict on Sunday who lured youths, including minor boys from impoverished families, with narcotic substances and taught them to steal bikes and loot pedestrians to fund his drug habit.
Police arrested 24-yearold Man Singh, who has over 11 cases registered against him for burglary, drug peddling, theft and wrongful restraint, and detained three of his minor aides. A native of Mundolav village of Kishangarh in Ajmer district, Singh came to Jaipur at an early age.
'Accused preyed on addicted youths'
He became a drug addict and started stealing small items to buy drugs. Later, he became a regular thief.
"Many people who came into contact with him ended up as drug addicts, including his friends. He has gone to jail many times but has never reformed himself," said an official.
According to deputy commissioner of police (Jaipur west) Ashok Gupta, the accused preyed on addicted youth. "He also introduced others into drugs and formed a gang to carry out criminal activities," he said. Police learnt about the gang's activities recently and began tracking down suspects.
Singh is known as 'Manu' in Benar Road locality where he lived. He had recently come out on bail in a 2017 case for allegedly stealing a semisedan car in Jaipur. He then set out to rebuild his gang.
According to Harmara SHO Lakhan Singh Khatana, the accused said that he had about 15 to 20 minors in his gang.
On cam: Speeding car rams 59-year-old head-on at JDA circle, Jaipur
On cam: Over speeding car smashes into vehicles at signal, brothers killed


text:
Q: Set Min & Max Yaxis in the column chart I have this issue below:
I need to set a min & Max value to the chart.
I have tried Scale but it doesn't work.
function drawChart1() {
   // Define the chart to be drawn.
   var data = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable([
       ['Year', 'Actual', { role: 'annotation' }, 'Target', { role: 'annotation' }],
       ['2017', 1, '1', 0, '0'],
       ['2018', 1, '1', 0, '0'],
       ['2019', 0, '0', 0, '0'],
       ['2020', 0, '0', 0, '0'],
       ['2021', 0, '0', 0, '0'],
       //['2018', 0.0, '0.0', 0.025, '0.025']
   ]);

   //  title: '%' // in opption
   var options = {
       title: '', colors: ['#00A3E0', '#84BD00'],
   };

   // Instantiate and draw the chart.
   var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(document.getElementById('container1'));
   chart.draw(data, options);
}
google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart1);

A: use the following vAxis options...
var options = {
   title: '',
   colors: ['#00A3E0', '#84BD00'],

   // use following options...
   vAxis: {
     viewWindow: {
       min: 0,
       max: 1
     }
   }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Antioxidants assist in managing and preventing a wide range of health conditions. These essential nutrients combat oxidative stress, support immunity, promote heart health, and can protect the eyes, brain, joints and skin. In addition, strong consumer awareness for antioxidants—bolstered by sound clinical research—makes this market a powerful player in the nutraceuticals space.
A handful of ingredients saw solid growth this past year, according to SPINS data across natural and conventional departments for the 52 weeks ending Dec. 28, 2014. Supplements with turmeric earned approximately $426,000 (up 114%) from 2013; vitamin A reached $14.8 million (up 100%); and vitamin C (not including Ester-C) took in about $331 million (up 4.6%).
However, a saturated market seems to have diluted some of the category's potency. Despite a strong overall showing, sales of several antioxidant supplements slumped in 2014. SPINS reported that sales of green teas and green tea supplements declined 16% to about $60 million; resveratrol fell to $5.4 million, down 18.3%; CoQ10 earned approximately $151 million, down 2.3%; beta-carotene (non-combo) fell 26.2% to about $711,000; vitamin E (not Ester-E) was down 0.6% to around $39.3 million; selenium fell by 0.2% earning about $2 million; and lutein stayed flat at around $31 million.
How can companies differentiate their products from the pack? Targeted, science-backed, condition-specific approaches could help cut through the noise, and reintroduce consumers to the important role antioxidants play for their health.
Antioxidants target a wide range of health concerns today, which is perhaps why 60% of consumers stay loyal to a product due to antioxidant content, according to market research firm Packaged Facts, Rockville MD.
A 2012 Gallup Study of Nutrient Knowledge & Consumption found that 47% of consumers link antioxidants to immunity; 44% to heart health; 35% to removing free radicals; 28% to improved memory; 27% to eye health; 26% to joint health; 26% to clearer skin; and 21% to fewer wrinkles.
In addition to these indication areas, several new themes and health concerns are helping to advance the sector.
Some experts see the popularity of antioxidants tied to consumer desire for foods and beverages that are naturally healthy. Mintel identified strong consumer demand for transparency, with 80% of U.S. consumers looking for nutritional claims when buying food, and 38% wanting all-natural products.
How users want to consume these naturally beneficial ingredients is changing as well. While in previous years supplements may have been the go-to source, consumers today are looking for foods naturally rich in antioxidants, according to Dr. A. Elizabeth Sloan and Catherine Adams Hutt, Sloan Trends, Inc., Escondido, CA. A 2013 Gallup Study of Nutrient Knowledge and Consumption reported that 28% of consumers make a strong effort to eat more foods naturally "rich-in" antioxidants. In 2006, 79% of antioxidant users were getting them from a supplement, but in 2013 just 49% took antioxidants in supplement form. Conversely, there has been steady growth for naturally antioxidant-rich foods (up 76% in 2013 from 57% in 2006), and naturally antioxidant-rich beverages (up 44% in 2013 from 34% in 2006). Fortified foods and beverages have stayed somewhat flat.
Significant interest in natural and fruit-based antioxidants has emerged, according to Rick Kaiser, vice president of sales and marketing, Natreon Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, which is currently conducting clinical research on its "new and novel fruit-based antioxidants that appeal to today's consumers because of their functionality and efficacy." The company's research is investigating Capros Indian Gooseberry, and AyuFlex, a water-soluble product derived from Terminalia chebula fruit, for their benefits related to cardiovascular health. "There are now eight human studies demonstrating the cardiovascular benefits of Capros and five studies on AyuFlex for multiple consumer applications, like joint health and cardiovascular health," Mr. Kaiser said.
Roughly 10,000 Baby Boomers turn 65 each day, and will continue to do so for the next 19 years, according to the Pew Research Center. As this large generation enters the "golden years," many are utilizing dietary supplements, especially antioxidants, to preserve their heath.
Eric Ciappio, scientific leader of nutrition science and advocacy, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ, said antioxidant trends are highly correlated with the general consumer shift toward preventive health. Antioxidants are appealing due to their ability to reduce cell-damaging free radicals. "Antioxidants are said to have a whole array of health benefits," said Mr. Ciappio, "most of which are believed to be long-term and cumulative, rather than promising a quick fix for an existing condition." Anti-aging and the prevention of the eye disease macular degeneration, cancer and stroke are good examples of conditions that could benefit from antioxidant use long-term, he added.
In addition, antioxidants support consumers looking to protect their skin from the harmful effects of free radicals, which he said "are known to damage the lipid membrane of skin cells, and contribute to wrinkles and the uneven pigmentation of skin." Free radical production from UV and excessive light exposure to the retina can lead to macular degeneration of the eyes, he added.
Despite the many benefits of these free-radical scavenging nutrients, a recent New York Times blog post "Are Vitamin Drinks a Bad Idea?" suggested there can be too much of a good thing. According to the report, many functional beverages are offering vitamins and nutrients at levels well past the limits of safety established by the Institute of Medicine. In the case of antioxidant drinks—which are wildly popular and plentiful—an excess of antioxidants could be neutralizing too many free radicals. This may be problematic, as they are needed for some beneficial processes in the body, such as fighting off infection and cancer cells.
The World Health Organization reported that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, resulting in 17.5 million deaths in 2012. Antioxidants may benefit many health factors that lead to CVD, including blood pressure, cholesterol and circulation.
Interest in the benefits of antioxidants for heart health and blood pressure are strong drivers for this market, noted Neptune's Ms. David. Antioxidant use for cardiovascular health, plus consumers' interest in foods naturally rich in antioxidants, has contributed to the antioxidant market's overall growth, she said.
"It is known that oxidized LDL cholesterol is more atherogenic (artery clogging) than when it is non-oxidized," said Draco's Mr. Quirk, noting antioxidant's benefits for healthy cholesterol management.
Shaheen Majeed, marketing director, Sabinsa, East Windsor, NJ, suggested antioxidant products addressing healthy circulation and the reversal or prevention of atherosclerosis could help expand the antioxidant market, particularly in the U.S., Europe and China.
Arthritis and diabetes, two significant concerns for the aging population, involve inflammatory processes that generate extra free radicals, according to Mr. Quirk. Antioxidants, he said, have been shown to improve joint health by reducing inflammation caused by free radicals, and may also help to reduce blood sugar among diabetics.
With health benefits linked to a wide array of conditions, consumers rely on antioxidant ingredients at all walks of life.
Shoppers older than 50 felt most strongly about the importance of antioxidants on the label (45% in their 50s and early 60s and 44% 65-plus); the study also showed an increase in antioxidant usage was highest among men (24%) and highest earners (24%) and lowest among the oldest shoppers (14%).
As a result of numerous age-related health issues, older consumers are a clear and powerful consumer base. "The aging population, consisting of Baby Boomers with disposable income, is still the main buyer of antioxidants," commented Mr. Wuagneux of RFI.
In general though, the overall consumer shift toward healthier, less processed and nutritious foods are leading more consumers to antioxidants. Mr. Liu of SeabuckWonders said, "More people want to adopt healthier habits and are more aware of natural remedies for battling disease. This awareness is due in part to availability of nutritional information growing and more coverage by experts in popular media (Dr. Oz for example)." He pointed to the growth of the alternative diet market, including groups like vegans and paleo-diet followers, bringing a whole new crop of consumers to push the antioxidant market forward.
In addition, he said spinach and eggs contain antioxidant carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, which have been shown to support eye health by absorbing damaging blue light that enters the eye. He also cited research published in Nutrition Review (2014) that demonstrated a link between these nutrients and brain health.
Late in 2014, FutureCeuticals published a human clinical study that showed effects of its Spectra natural supplement on changes in oxidative and nitrosative stress markers in vivo. The study determined that a 100 mg dose actually yielded the best in vivo effect. "Interestingly, the results also indicated a spike in nitric oxide and increased oxygen utilization after ingestion of Spectra," noted Mr. Pond.
An emerging star in recent years, turmeric is garnering significant attention. PTM's Mr. Maletto said turmeric/curcumin is an excellent antioxidant linked to life extension.
Nutrition Business Journal projected turmeric/curcumin would be among the top 10 best-selling supplements through 2016, virtually doubling in sales from $103 million in 2013 to $235 million, with a CAGR of 21.5%.
Mr. Maletto attributed growth to extensive research backing the inhibition of cancer, arthritis, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and potentially reversing the pathological processes underlying Alzheimer's disease. For example, curcumin may reduce deadly beta amyloid plaques in the brain. It may also assist the liver in processing viruses such as hepatitis, and other conditions.
The astaxanthin found within krill oil also helps "stabilize liposomes in the body that protect important fatty acids from degradation by harsh stomach acids, which in turn allows more of them to be absorbed by the body. This powerful antioxidant provides exceptional protection against oxidation, greatly extending the life of the product," she said.
AstaReal, Inc., Burlington, NJ, offers AstaREAL natural astaxanthin. Technical support with the company, Janice Brown, said consumers are becoming more aware of astaxanthin as an alternative to traditional antioxidant sources.
Ms. Kat of Algatech noted that the growth of astaxanthin has much to do with the depth of research validating the overall carotenoid category. "Carotenoids are very powerful antioxidants; they absorb light due to their special bonding structure, and hence provide defense from excessive light radiation and photo-oxidative damage," she explained.
AstaPure astaxanthin has also been shown in multiple studies to assist in protecting the body under stress conditions, she said. It is widely used in formulations related to brain function, sports activity, skin health and more.
The superfruit craze still holds weight in the antioxidant market, according to Mr. Liu of SeabuckWonders, who said these ingredients have dominated the category for the last five years, with new introductions to the group each year. "Some big ones to look out for are amla and sea buckthorn," he said, as well as pterostilbene.
Flavonoids have the capability of chelating certain trace elements such as copper and ferrous iron so that they won't generate toxic hydroxyl radicals, according to Draco's Mr. Quirk, "Many of the flavonoids found in green tea, blueberries and other anthocyanin rich foods have this effect and help to protect cell membranes and cholesterol from being oxidized." Fruits and vegetables contain an abundance of flavonoids that reduce LDL oxidation, free radicals generated by inflammation, and free radicals from reactions with copper and iron ions, he added.
Mr. Majeed of Sabinsa said that pomegranate juice and blueberries are the fastest growing antioxidant-containing fruits and fruit products. "Mangosteen, goji berry and acai had the highest superfruit sales in 2012. Passion fruit, guava, paw paw and dragon fruit were the best-selling superfruits in 2011," he said.
Despite the many antioxidants gaining consumer attention, some of the traditional offerings in this space have seen a decline for a variety of reasons.
"The worst hit in recent years has been isolated vitamin E supplements," noted Mr. Liu of SeabuckWonders. "One study, which followed subjects regularly taking vitamin E showed that there were no benefits over a course of nine years. Though some say this study was flawed, the study was publicized and consumers listened." He cautioned that consumers are taking notice when an ingredient gets bad press.
DSM's Mr. Ciappio said the antioxidant meso-zeaxanthin has also come under some scrutiny. Meso-zeaxanthin, he said "is a metabolic byproduct of the important antioxidant lutein that accumulates in the eye. It is not naturally found in the food supply in appreciable amounts, but can be present in certain lutein/zeaxanthin dietary supplements (often labeled in the ingredient line as 'zeaxanthin isomers')." In 2014, the use of supplemental meso-zeaxanthin was linked to a skin condition known as toxidermia in France, Mr. Ciappio said. In light of these findings, he cautioned against using supplements containing this substance until more research and testing is done to prove its safety.
Ensuring these antioxidants reach the bloodstream is another matter that must be examined, according to RFI's Mr. Wuagneux. He said ORAC testing can be done on blood, which RFI did with its OxyPHyte Ultra Blend more than 10 years ago.


This award recognizes publicity efforts by Toastmasters throughout the year. It's awarded to a member who does the best job of promoting Toastmasters through a variety of media and throughout the District.
Deadline to Submit form to 2017 - 2018 Public Relations Manager is August 15, 2018.


When things are going well, it's amazing how easy an 18-footer suddenly seems.
When they aren't, the UL Ragin' Cajuns are starting to find out exactly how long that shot can look.
Some of the shooting by the Cajuns during Monday's 57-55 loss to first-place UL Monroe was bad, some of it was awful and some of it was great.
All together, it just equaled one more frustrating evening for the Vermilion-and-White faithful at the Cajundome.
That promising three-game homestand certainly hasn't worked out as well as the crowd of 4,213 hoped for.
Some will point to poor shot selection. Others to clock management in the final 37.5 seconds of the game.
In the end, it comes down to making shots. The Cajuns couldn't have been much better than 17-of-18 shooting at the line, or much worse than 32.7 percent from the field and 11.1 from 3-point land or 2 of 18.
Brian Williams seemed to hit every side of the rim to no avail, as did a frustrated Kasey Shepherd at times.
ULM's zone yielded very few easy Cajun baskets in the lane. UL's lack of shooting touch gave up no easy points on the perimeter.
The rebounding was good with UL winning that battle 43-34 and the defense was good enough, limiting the Warhawks to 39.3 percent from the field.
The game was ugly at times – probably a product of three games in five days – but that typically favors the home team.
As ugly as it was in stretches, being able to somehow pull it out in the end would have been beautiful to Marlin and his suddenly struggling Cajuns.
Sure, there were other factors to consider as well. For instance, ULM's bench outscored UL 17-5, and that was on 6-of-12 shooting from the field, compared to 1-of-8 shooting from the field by the Cajuns' bench.
There was the strategy late. ULM wasn't sent to the line until 2.8 seconds remained on a possession that began with 37.5 seconds. Jay Wright seemed to have a steal with 4.9 seconds, but couldn't quite control it before losing it out of bounds.
Marlin reminded us that UL's 4-0 start wasn't as good as it seemed and this three-game losing streak isn't as bad as it looks.
Nothing a few 3-pointers can't fix anyway.


text:
package com.linecorp.armeria.client;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;

import com.linecorp.armeria.common.SessionProtocol;
import com.linecorp.armeria.common.util.ReleasableHolder;

import io.netty.channel.DefaultEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoop;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

class DefaultEventLoopSchedulerTest {

    private static final int GROUP_SIZE = 3;
    private static final EventLoopGroup group = new DefaultEventLoopGroup(GROUP_SIZE);
    private static final Endpoint endpoint = Endpoint.of("example.com");

    /**
     * A simple case.
     * (acquire, release) * 3.
     */
    @Test
    void acquireAndRelease() {
        final DefaultEventLoopScheduler s = defaultEventLoopScheduler();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop = e0.get();
        assertThat(e0.id()).isZero();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);
        e0.release();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isZero();

        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
            assertThat(e0again).isSameAs(e0);
            assertThat(e0again.id()).isZero();
            assertThat(e0again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);
            assertThat(e0again.get()).isSameAs(loop);
            e0again.release();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Slightly more complicated case.
     * (acquire(1), acquire(2), acquire(3), release(1), release(2), release(3))
     */
    @Test
    void orderedRelease() {
        final DefaultEventLoopScheduler s = defaultEventLoopScheduler();

        // acquire() should return the entry 0 because all entries have same activeRequests (0).
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop1 = e0.get();
        assertThat(e0.id()).isZero();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // acquire() should return the entry 1 because it's the entry with the lowest ID
        // among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e1 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop2 = e1.get();
        assertThat(e1).isNotSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(loop2).isNotSameAs(loop1);
        assertThat(e1.id()).isEqualTo(1);
        assertThat(e1.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // acquire() should return the entry 2 because it's the entry with the lowest ID
        // among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e2 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop3 = e2.get();
        assertThat(e2).isNotSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(e2).isNotSameAs(e1);
        assertThat(loop3).isNotSameAs(loop1);
        assertThat(loop3).isNotSameAs(loop2);
        assertThat(e2.id()).isEqualTo(2);
        assertThat(e2.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 0 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 0 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e0.release();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e0again).isSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(e0again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 1 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 1 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e1.release();
        assertThat(e1.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e1again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e1again).isSameAs(e1);
        assertThat(e1again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 2 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 2 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e2.release();
        assertThat(e2.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e2again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e2again).isSameAs(e2);
        assertThat(e2again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);
    }

    /**
     * Similar to {@link #orderedRelease()}, but entries are released non-sequentially.
     */
    @Test
    void unorderedRelease() {
        final DefaultEventLoopScheduler s = defaultEventLoopScheduler();

        // acquire() should return the entry 0 because all entries have same activeRequests (0).
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop1 = e0.get();
        assertThat(e0.id()).isZero();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // acquire() should return the entry 1 because it's the entry with the lowest ID
        // among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e1 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop2 = e1.get();
        assertThat(e1).isNotSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(loop2).isNotSameAs(loop1);
        assertThat(e1.id()).isEqualTo(1);
        assertThat(e1.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // acquire() should return the entry 2 because it's the entry with the lowest ID
        // among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e2 = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        final EventLoop loop3 = e2.get();
        assertThat(e2).isNotSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(e2).isNotSameAs(e1);
        assertThat(loop3).isNotSameAs(loop1);
        assertThat(loop3).isNotSameAs(loop2);
        assertThat(e2.id()).isEqualTo(2);
        assertThat(e2.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 1 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 1 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e1.release();
        assertThat(e1.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e1again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e1again).isSameAs(e1);
        assertThat(e1again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 2 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 2 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e2.release();
        assertThat(e2.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e2again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e2again).isSameAs(e2);
        assertThat(e2again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);

        // Releasing the entry 0 will change its activeRequests back to 0,
        // and acquire() will return the entry 0 again because it's the entry
        // with the lowest ID among the entries with the least activeRequests.
        e0.release();
        assertThat(e0.activeRequests()).isZero();
        final AbstractEventLoopEntry e0again = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
        assertThat(e0again).isSameAs(e0);
        assertThat(e0again.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1);
    }

    /**
     * Makes sure different endpoints get different entries.
     */
    @Test
    void multipleEndpoints() {
        final DefaultEventLoopScheduler s = defaultEventLoopScheduler();
        final Endpoint endpointA = Endpoint.of("a.com");
        final Endpoint endpointB = Endpoint.of("b.com");
        final Set<AbstractEventLoopEntry> entriesA = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        final Set<AbstractEventLoopEntry> entriesB = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < GROUP_SIZE; i++) {
            entriesA.add(acquireEntry(s, endpointA));
            entriesB.add(acquireEntry(s, endpointB));
        }
        assertThat(entriesA).hasSize(GROUP_SIZE);
        assertThat(entriesB).hasSize(GROUP_SIZE);

        // At this point, all entries should have activeRequests of 1.
        entriesA.forEach(e -> assertThat(e.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1));
        entriesB.forEach(e -> assertThat(e.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1));

        // Acquire again for endpoint A.
        for (int i = 0; i < GROUP_SIZE; i++) {
            entriesA.add(acquireEntry(s, endpointA));
        }
        assertThat(entriesA).hasSize(GROUP_SIZE);
        entriesA.forEach(e -> assertThat(e.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(2));

        // The entries for endpoint B shouldn't be affected.
        entriesB.forEach(e -> assertThat(e.activeRequests()).isEqualTo(1));
    }

    @Test
    void stressTest() {
        final EventLoopGroup group = new DefaultEventLoopGroup(1024);
        final DefaultEventLoopScheduler s = new DefaultEventLoopScheduler(group, GROUP_SIZE, GROUP_SIZE,
                                                                          ImmutableList.of());
        final List<AbstractEventLoopEntry> acquiredEntries = new ArrayList<>();
        stressTest(s, acquiredEntries, 0.8);
        stressTest(s, acquiredEntries, 0.5);
        stressTest(s, acquiredEntries, 0.2);

        // Release all acquired entries to make sure activeRequests are all 0.
        acquiredEntries.forEach(AbstractEventLoopEntry::release);
        final List<AbstractEventLoopEntry> entries = s.entries(endpoint, SessionProtocol.HTTP);
        for (AbstractEventLoopEntry e : entries) {
            assertThat(e.activeRequests()).withFailMessage("All entries must have 0 activeRequests.").isZero();
        }
        assertThat(entries.get(0).id()).isZero();
    }

    private static void stressTest(DefaultEventLoopScheduler s, List<AbstractEventLoopEntry> acquiredEntries,
                                   double acquireRatio) {
        final List<AbstractEventLoopEntry> entries = s.entries(endpoint, SessionProtocol.HTTP);
        final Random random = ThreadLocalRandom.current();
        final int acquireRatioAsInt = (int) (Integer.MAX_VALUE * acquireRatio);

        for (int i = 0; i < 16384; i++) {
            // Strictly speaking, this can yield a negative value (Integer.MIN_VALUE),
            // but it shouldn't affect the outcome of this test.
            final int randomValue = Math.abs(random.nextInt());
            if (randomValue < acquireRatioAsInt) {
                final AbstractEventLoopEntry e = acquireEntry(s, endpoint);
                acquiredEntries.add(e);

                // The acquired entry must be the best available.
                final int activeRequests = e.activeRequests() - 1;
                for (AbstractEventLoopEntry entry : entries) {
                    if (activeRequests == entry.activeRequests()) {
                        assertThat(e.id()).isLessThan(entry.id());
                    } else {
                        assertThat(activeRequests).isLessThan(entry.activeRequests());
                    }
                }
            } else if (!acquiredEntries.isEmpty()) {
                final AbstractEventLoopEntry e = acquiredEntries.remove(random.nextInt(acquiredEntries.size()));
                e.release();
            }
        }
    }

    private static DefaultEventLoopScheduler defaultEventLoopScheduler() {
        return new DefaultEventLoopScheduler(group, GROUP_SIZE, GROUP_SIZE, ImmutableList.of());
    }

    static AbstractEventLoopEntry acquireEntry(DefaultEventLoopScheduler s, Endpoint endpointA) {
        final ReleasableHolder<EventLoop> acquired = s.acquire(endpointA, SessionProtocol.HTTP);
        assert acquired instanceof AbstractEventLoopEntry;
        return (AbstractEventLoopEntry) acquired;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Podcast Transcript Episode 6 – 8 Underrated Nutrition Tips
The Ideal Nutrition Podcast
00:00:00 – 00:00:41
Hello! Aidan here with a little bit of an update before we get into today's podcast, we have changed our podcast music, and the reason for that is because we accidentally used the same music that Holly Baxter and Layne Norton do in their podcast, The Beauty and the Geek. I had previously listened to Layne's old podcast Physique Science Radio, but I hadn't listened to their new podcast until one of my followers on Instagram let me know that it was the same music. I have now listened to their podcast, can vouch for it, great podcast, but it is the same music as what we've been using. We had just purchased the music from one of those websites that allows you to purchase, right, so we got the non-exclusive rights to it,
and I assume they did the same thing. But obviously, they did it first. So, a bit of a mistake on our behalf, a bit of an accident. So, we have now updated our music to be something new, and hopefully, you, guys all like it. If not, please let me know. But apart from that, I hope you enjoy today's show.
Welcome. This is The Ideal Nutrition Podcast. This is Episode 6 now. I'm Leah Higl, and I'm here with my co-host, Aidan Muir. And today we're going to be touching on eight underrated nutrition tips.
So, my first tip that I think is underrated is that sugar doesn't really impact body composition noticeably differently to other forms of carbohydrates. I think that's underrated because it gives you a lot of flexibility, and obviously, there's a little bit more nuanced than that. Like, I think under most circumstances, we should be trying to limit our added sugar intake and stuff like that. I think that's a good message. But I think having understanding that doesn't really impact that much differently whether you gain muscle and lose fat or any of those variables in comparison to other forms of carbohydrate or even actually other forms of fat as well outside of extreme circumstances,
it makes it easier. It makes it more flexible. And one of the most quoted studies on this topic to kind of really show this point is there's a study but I'm not sure how you pronounce it: Surwit et al (1997). And they compared a diet containing 43% of total calories from sugar versus one that only had 4% of total calories coming from sugar. They had their total calories much. They had their total macros match the same amount of protein, fat, and carbohydrate, and they were in a calorie deficit. And at the end of the study, both groups lost pretty much exactly the same amount of fat and maintain the same amount of muscle. There's no difference in body composition, and that's not to say they have the exact same impact on body composition.
But the fact that you can look at the study like that with this 43% coming from sugar versus 4% and there's almost no difference. I think that is a really underrated thing to be aware of because a lot of people are stressing about tiny amounts of added sugar and stuff like that. Like, as an example, I don't know about you there but like I make meal plans where I have pretty much no added sugar at all, added and sometimes I add one thing that was like seven grams of added sugar, and clients will like freak out about that.
100%. Classic example for me is I have a big fan of Nutrigrain as, like a pre-training snack. But I think a lot of people see the added sugar in that and go, you know, that's not healthy food.
Yeah, and it explains a lot of things why some people can still get lean so easily while having a little sugar and stuff like that, because it doesn't really make a difference. Like, there's obviously so much more nuanced in terms of like, if you eat more sugar, it's obviously easier to eat more calories. Or, alternatively, if you have a tonne of are you sure you're probably not getting as many micronutrients in? But the whole point of this is basically just being like if you are aware that the impact on body composition isn't really that different, you don't have to stress over little amounts like there's no reason you couldn't just have less brown rice for dinner
and a tiny bit of added sugar earlier in the day and still get the exact same outcomes versus stressing about going off plan or anything like that.
So, my first tip is just kind of meal planning in general, I think no matter what your goal is, this should really underpin your nutrition approach. Because if you don't plan anything, it's going to be really hard to go through with whatever your goal might be and actually get there. Um, and I don't mean meal planning in kind of this bro style way of doing it, like doing your all your meal prep on a Sunday. I don't feel you have to do it that way. It's just taking a bit of time out of your week. To do some kind of meal planning can make a huge, huge difference.
So, when I work with clients personally, I tend to take even like a full session for meal planning and just really kind of strategizing the kind of meal planning that works for that individual person. Do you do that much with your clients?
To a certain degree. And I think an overall philosophy of mine is that it makes sense to just plan things out, like taking a second to think it's very sometimes. That's part of why I think some of my clients get good results. Even if they're intelligent people, they understand nutrition. All those kinds of things, especially, blocking out the entire consult with me to actually plan stuff out, put something together and then follow it. And another thing like that kind of ties in with this. But, like, I think delayed gratification ties in with all of this in terms of, if you don't have a plan, there's a lot of short-term thinking that goes on. Planning doesn't really give you any benefits in the short term, but it sets you up for longer-term stuff.
Yeah, 100%, and like something I see a lot is people will kind of plan, even like a day or two in advance. And they'll do really well for that, like Monday, Tuesday of the week. And then as the week progresses, it becomes less planned and then getting to the weekend. Even so, like, most people don't have a plan whatsoever for a weekend, even when they're only planning to eat out once over the weekend, it can end up being, you know, five or six times, um, on like the worst-case scenario because they just haven't planned to eat past Friday. Really? Like they just haven't planned it, so they don't know what they'll be cooking for lunches, what they'll be having for snacks.
So, in general, like, the biggest thing I see getting in the way of people reaching their goals is just a lack of planning When it really does only take about an hour to sit down, you know, once a week and just right out. Okay. These are my lunches. These are my dinners. These are my snacks and do, like the grocery shopping. And then that sets you up for the entire week. No matter if you're trying to gain weight, lose weight, you know, improve your health. It works for every kind of goal.
Yeah, for sure. I'd even argue that it wouldn't even take an hour in some cases.
Yeah, that's like a stretch. That's like if you like trying to be really, um, pedantic about it, finding new rescues, keeping it inventive, which I feel like it's worth it to a certain extent. So, you're not repeating the same meals all the time? A tip that I really like to give my clients as well as like as part of that meal planning you can do ordering online with your groceries, and that just saves you a ton of time and having to go to the grocery store, particularly if they're delivered. Um, so I just feel like this meal, like just finding a meal planning strategy that works for you can just go like 1000 miles.
For sure. My next tip is to check your vitamin D levels. This is more applicable in Australia, where we can really easily check vitamin D levels. We can see a GP if they bulk bill, we can get a free blood test. We don't have to pay anything. We just get a test and we can check our vitamin D levels. A large percentage of people, I think the classic stat that gets thrown around is 30% of people are vitamin D deficient. I'm not 100% sure how closely that applies in Australia. But another thing to add on to that, though, is that even if you're not deficient, if you're just on the low end of the healthy range, it is still a sub-optimal amount of vitamin D. If you increase that level, whether it's through sun exposure or whether it's through supplementation
to the higher end of that range, it is pretty much like a miracle. Like, I don't want to overhype it, but like it helps you pretty much everything. We're going to talk about this at like, other states. But, like even IBS like 80% of people with IBS have low vitamin D or, like lower levels of vitamin D, mental health conditions, anxiety. Depression is a really strong link there.
The obvious stuff in terms of bone strength or bone mineral density and everything like that, balance. And even if people like elderly populations like muscle strength, if they supplement vitamin D, they get stronger. Like I'm not gonna go out there and be like all the powerlifters that we work with. If they're low vitamin D, this is going to add tankless adventure like I'm not gonna make that claim. But like it's enough, It's like if you get a test
that's free and there's no downside from supplementing. It's such an easy win. So, like if you're going to the doctor anyway like I might not unless you're suspicious of having low vitamin D. I probably wouldn't go out of my way to go to a doctor to specifically get this. But if you're going for something else, there's no harm in just like adding this on, basically.
So, a tip number four is going to be the concept of eating more plants. So, obviously I'm vegan, but I'm not talking about eating more plants in a vegan or vegetarian bias way. I'm talking about just having a diet that is really focused around plant-based foods with a small amount of animal products. So, making sure we're getting enough whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables. You know, all those kinds of core food groups that aren't just kind of meat and dairy. So, there is a lot of research to suggest that people that do have an adequate or high intake of these plant-based foods typically are less likely to be overweight,
less likely to develop chronic diseases. Things like cancers in some cases, and generally have better gut health. So, for a lot of like the population in Australia, we just don't eat enough plant-based foods. So, I find even the people coming into clinic and going "Oh yeah, I'm great with my veggie intake". When we actually sit down and assess that, it's like they may be just hitting the minimum or even just below it. So, I think our idea of like how much plant-based food we should be eating versus the actual reality of when we get good health outcomes is very different.
Yeah, I completely agree. And it's one of those ones that, like once again a start, it's somewhere along the lines like it's a debatable start. But like 6% of Australians eating enough fruits and vegetables, I think it's even as low as 4%. When you combine, it's like it's a very low percentage, like it's under 10%. That's all that we really need to go on with that. And it's kind of like what percentage of Australians are vegan and vegetarian? Like, they are surely making up a large portion of that stuff which therefore means if you're an omnivore, there's a very, very, very low chance you're getting enough vegetables to start off with, and probably for the thing is about 50% of Australians eat enough fruit.
Fruit is not as bad as vegetables when it comes to the stats. Yeah, 100%.
And I completely agree. Like increasing. And it's funny because I think about this on Instagram because people, like, jump onto my post about paddle pops and stuff like that and like hear what they want to hear. But it's a very boring message. If I'm like, eat more vegetables.
It's not a fun message and it's not nuanced in any way. And I feel like people do enjoy when things are interesting, and we've been hearing eat more fruits and vegetables since we were kids. So that's just not an interesting message. Yet barely anyone any of us are actually doing that in practice. And that's just looking at fruits and vegetables. Like, the amount of people that I know that can cook well with legumes is very small, especially if we're looking outside of like vegans and vegetarians. We know legumes have such a great
health benefit for us but no one is eating them, like people eat sure-baked beans on toast. But how many people are putting like chickpeas and curries? And it's just rare to see that, like mixing lentils in this bag ball. And I think it's one of those things where it can be a really easy win for long-term health outcomes. But we're just not getting these basics.
Yeah, and jumping onto that as well. Something like, I really want anybody who's listening to this to this, actually to think through if you've ever been attracted to any abnormal dietary approach like something apart from the norm, because you're questioning whether the normal approach is going to give you the results that you want. But you haven't eaten enough vegetables that it's food for thought like it's just like that's probably the easy win before you should start questioning being like: Is my body different? Like, Am I the outlier? When you haven't tried one of the most obvious things, we've got available to us?
Yeah. One of the most simple strategies you can try is increasing your plant-based foods from like a weight-loss appetite management perspective. So, if you haven't tried it, it's very much well worth it.
100%. My next tip is based on cutlery advice. This is something everybody's heard, but I'm going to put in the underrated advice, kind of basket because it's so boring. That's underrated. It's basically that the way I think about it is if somebody is trying to gain size and they struggle to gain size and they're having cereal as an example; it makes sense to use a larger bowl. The chances of you going back for seconds when it comes to cereal or something like that, pretty slim something with, like dinners and stuff like that, larger plates, whatever it is, you're more likely to eat more. Vice versa, if you're trying to eat less food,
using smaller bowls, smaller plates or whatever, it's so-so boring. But like, have you actually tried it? Like if you've never tried it, like, it is worth trying? And it does seem to make a difference from everybody who works with, like most people seem to find it same thing with as a different example. With bariatric surgery, people who've had bariatric surgery, often really benefit from getting a bariatric plate where it's basically got everything portioned out for them, like, what the size of everything should be. You could tell somebody that and encourage them to do that. But actually, having the cutlery that matches the goal makes it so, so, so much easier. Um, what about your next tip?
So, I feel like I'm seeing a bit of a theme in that sometimes the boring advice can be the most helpful, but also the most underrated. So, the next one is eating mindfully. I'm sure this is one we've all heard at some point, whether it's from like a weight management perspective or just like a weight loss perspective. We've all heard that taking time to eat your meal without distractions, being focused on what's on your plate and what you're doing can make a huge difference to many things. So firstly, it can be just managing your hunger and satiety cues. So, if you're taking the time to eat slowly, so, say, it takes you half an hour to eat a complete meal as opposed to previously, it took you 10 minutes,
perhaps you're going to be more in touch with your… by the time you get full. You're going to know that you're full, as opposed to scuffing something down within 10 minutes and then having those cues come afterwards when you've already overeaten. So, it can really help from that perspective. But I find that where I use this advice the most in practice can also be from, like, a gut perspective in that. When you slow down and you actually chew your food well, that could be like the thing that gets rid of your bloating. Because I don't know about you, but I have a lot of clients come into the clinic, and bloating is like their number one concern.
And I would say a good majority of the time eating mindfully and chewing well solves a good portion of that. So, I'd say, if you haven't tried it from the perspective of it, like managing your appetite or from the perspective of reducing bloating, then it's worth to go there.
100% agreed with all of that, yeah, it's pretty clear cut. It's boring, it's hard to do, but it is seriously helpful. And there are two things that I want to add on to that in terms of like, for me, from like the weight management stuff like that perspective, like, if you whipped out a pyramid of like priorities for like how to get lean or whatever I had like all these kinds of things. It's not really on that, like it's very low priority, but like it's still a method. But that's how I think it was being low priority.
But it's one study like to make this a little bit more interesting. That really shaped my views on it. So, there's a study out of Stanford University by Dr Christopher Gardner. He had 600 participants in it, so it's one of the largest nutrition studies that's really ever been done as a randomized control trial. So, it was a randomized control trial, not like an observational one. And basically, they put people into low-fat or low-carb groups.
And they basically said, like: Go as low as you can sustainably manage for whatever macronutrient, whether it's carbs, or whether it's fat for the entire year, just do as low as you can. Don't focus on anything else. Outside of, mindful eating and good quality foods. Like, the low-fat group couldn't just go around having like a bunch of soft drink or something like that because it's low fat like they had to actually still try and have nutrient-rich whole foods. And there were some people who didn't lose anyway. There were other people who lost as much as 30 kg. The average weight loss at the end of study, I believe, was about 5 kg because it was a free-living study, they could do whatever they want.
And in the exit interviews, they were a whole bunch of questions. And the thing that shook me is because often people get attached to diets. Often people that if somebody loses 30 kg doing a low-carb diet or whatever, I assume most people are going to jump onto that and be like because they cut out carbs, I've never tried that before. In this study, every single one of them, pretty much who had lost 20+ kg, credited mindful eating.
That's interesting.
They were basically just like I used to eat in front of the TV and now I sit down at a table with my family. I used to eat on the run and now every meal I have, like, I actually focused on the meal and I eat slower. And all those little things you just talked about, but like I want to add that in there because I'm like me, I find it boring. But the fact that so many people who found success in that particular study with such a large sample size almost every single one of them came to that conclusion. It's interesting for me. It's like it's worth keeping an eye on.
Yeah. It's a little bit like talking about meditation and anxiety. So, a lot of people, myself included, we do suffer from, you know, some sort of anxiety. We know that meditation can be really helpful but because it's boring, we don't do it. And I think this falls into that category.
Yeah, for sure. So, my next one, I don't know if I'm gonna be able to explain this succinctly. I'm stealing it from a guy named Mike Israetel from Renaissance Periodization, and he calls it the hedonic staircase principle. And basically, I think it's an underrated way of thinking about food. So basically, the concept is at the top of the staircase. You've got really nice tasting food, and there's a lot of variety at the bottom of the staircase you've got really bland food, and there's not much variety. Um, a question for you, Leah, to set the same. If you were trying to gain as much weight as you could over the next eight weeks, which ended the staircase, would you want most of your food coming from?
I'd want variety.
00:18:54 – 00: 18:55
You'd want variety.
You'd want your food tastes good. It makes it easier to eat more food. It's a no-brainer. When people come to see us looking to lose weight and if they're asking for a meal plan. One of the most common things I see is people asking "Hey, can I have variety so I don't get bored? And can it taste good so it's easy for me to stick to?" And that makes a lot of sense, I see that. And this isn't a black and white kind of way of looking at things, but something that Mike Israetel said that really something for me is he's talking about bodybuilders going through competition prep, and they're starving. They want food all the time. They're at stage that chicken, broccoli, brown rice, probably taste appealing when they're hungry. And he's like if you're in that state
and you were trying to get stage lean, if you're trying to add in foods that tasted nice, it makes it harder to eat less calories. Like, if you're working backwards from the calorie restriction to start off with, it makes it harder to stick to if your food tastes really nice because it makes you want to overeat. The whole point of this is not being like a pick one end of the spectrum or whatever and go really extreme of it. It's just been like if you're Australian game size, maybe it makes sense for your food to taste better. Maybe it makes sense food where will be more variety. Like, imagine a professional chef cooking every meal for you. It makes it so much easier to gain weight. Vice versa. If you're looking to get lean,
I don't know. I'm a big fan of variety from a nutrition perspective, something I see amongst clients before they start working with me. If they had already lost a decent amount of weight is a lot of very routine focusing a lot and have the same stuff over and over and over and over and over to the point that it annoys me, to the point I'm like that there's not enough variety here. But it is food for thought that it's easier to get leaner when your food tastes less appealing and there's less variety. So, it's like thinking about in terms of spectrums, in terms of when you're in higher calories, maybe go a little bit higher up the staircase. When you're on lower calories, maybe go a little bit lower down the staircase.
Totally. And I think that's something that comes to mind recently that happened is I had a client who often had these really tasty foods but was able to hold back and have a very small portion of it. So, like, they'd order a meat lover's pizza and have two slices and not finish the whole pizza. But that is such an outlier. It's not even funny. That's different.
Yeah, I've had one. There's one elderly client in my first year of being a dietitian who would have two squares of chocolate at night and stop there. It's like what a monster? – That's insane. – Yeah, these things are rare.
Yeah, if it's not portioned out and it's really tasty and you're hungry, chances are going to go back for more. So, yeah, that's a good one. Um, so our last tip of the day is again a very simple one. But taking a food first approach to nutrition. So, a lot of the time I do see people kind of walking into clinic with their bags because I ask everyone to bring in everything they're taking, like in terms of vitamins and supplements. And they're walking with this huge bag of, like, miscellaneous supplements. Because they're very health focus and taking all these supplements, but they're not doing the basic things when it comes to their actual diet. So, from a lot of dietitians feel that, you know,
these supplements should be that they should supplement an already well-balanced diet, and you should only be taking what you need. But in practice, it is easier to take a pill than it is to actually have any kind of behavior change or, you know, change what you're doing with your nutrition. So, a lot of people do tend to take this route of supplement first diet later. And it is something I see all the time. Times that it does make sense is if you do have a diagnosed deficiency, so something like vitamin D deficiency. Yeah, it makes sense to take a supplement. Or something that you are chronically low in again like if you don't get enough sun and you don't need a lot of vitamin D rich foods, it then makes sense to supplement with that.
But I see a lot of people taking things like vitamin C when we know you can get enough vitamin C by just meeting your basic fruit and vegetable intake every day. And most of the people don't need a supplement on top of that. They've taken that route instead of just the food first approach. So, in general, I would just say before you go and purchase a supplement. I really think you know, what can I do from a nutrition and diet perspective that could fill this gap before I go out and do that?
Yeah, completely agree. Like, I wouldn't change anything with that. I'm very much big on doing everything you can through food within reason, and then just chucking stuff in on top based on a specific need. And I think the best example of this that comes to my mind is creating, as in you can get creating through food. You just probably have to have a lot of red meat like you probably have to have an excessive amount of red meat by a lot of people stands, not everybody stands,
but like you have to have so much that's not really practical. You can have vitamin C, example. Um, what is like one orange is like over 100% of the RDI already. So, it's like it's an easy one to get, whereas, like creating, as I just said, you have to go so far of your way to achieve it that it makes sense to supplement that. But like when you go through this process and if you end up with an overall pretty good quality diet within reason, there's not that many supplements left. On top of that that you probably need to add.
Yeah, like a healthy person shouldn't need too many supplements if they can optimize their diet, even if it's not 100% optimal I feel like there's not many supplements you should be taking anyway, like an example in practice, would be for vegans, we need B12. That's something that just makes sense. We can't get it through food. But perhaps a greens powder is unnecessary.
Yeah, well, that's going to wrap it up for this week's episode. Thank you for listening, and hopefully you all enjoyed it.


I've been to quite a few temples in different parts of Southeast Asia, so a visit to another one in Yogyakarta seemed like routine.
My new found friends and I decided to book a sunrise tour (combo Borobudur and Prambanan) to see the sun peek out of the skies atop the viewing point. The day started at around 4AM so that we will be able to catch the first rays of the sun as it rose over Borobudur. After seeing the sunrise and sunset in various temples around Southeast Asia, the sunrise in Borobudur was anti-climactic. I caught myself thinking about the 30,000 IDR we had to pay just to enter the viewing point, I was better off using that money for something else. The sunrise was not entirely disappointing, it was still nice to look at, but compared to Angkor Wat and Bagan, it was underwhelming.
Thankfully the temple itself was impressive.
Borobudur is a 9th century Mahayana Buddhist Temple in Central Java. Borobudur has 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. The temple was built during the Saleindra Dynasty. It was only in 1814 when Borobudur was put on the world spotlight again.
Borobudur was an impressive piece of architecture that had hints of Indian influence on it.
There were many stories told on the walls of Borobudur. The crumbling statues, headless Buddhas, and the fading reliefs reminded me of how fleeting a once powerful kingdom can be. The walls depicted the life of the Javanese during the time when the temple was built.
At the highest level of Borobudur, one can spot many mini stupas that held a Buddha statue inside.
Walking around Borobudur helped me relive a part of its history. The stupas, the reliefs, and the Buddha statues were once a part of a glorious past. I am fond of visiting and walking around ancient temples, and Borobudur was no different. Even if I liked Angkor Wat, Bagan, and Prambanan better, wandering around and inside Borobudur was still quite an experience.
There is also a museum about the history of Borobudur and its rediscovery inside the complex.
Since we agreed on catching the sunrise to Borobudur, we decided to book a combo tour worth 130,000 IDR excluding entrance fees. Although you can take public transport to the temple, you can't take public transport to Borobudur before 5AM. You could get a cheaper tour if you took the 5AM or later time slot for both temples, the price would range from 80,000 IDR and up. We managed to get a discounted rate for the entrance fee since we decided to pay it immediately, the rate was 170,000 IDR instead of around 190,000 IDR. There is a 50% discount for students who show their valid school IDs, and like most attractions in Indonesia, locals pay a significantly lower rate compared to foreigners.
It's been there since the 9th century and complete with all the intricate details. It just says much about their glorious past.
are you allowed to take a nap in there? hehe Nice place! Looks like a quiet and peaceful tourist spot. I wish to go there someday too, just need an extra $$$.
Wow to travel and see this must surely be a thrill! To touch a piece of history that has been in existence since the 9th is just wow. I wonder if the weather is hot? And are there a lot of tourists over there? Visiting old/ancient sites sure looks interesting!
It's amazing to see Borobudur and looks interesting to learn about the history of the place.
Underwhelming when compared to Angkor Wat! I will take that to heart when I do visit this place one day so I do not expect too much. Angkor Wat is simply too magnificent, I have to agree.
What a wonderful place to see! That Buddha reminds me when I first saw it in HongKong.
One of my dream is to travel travel the world but since I don't have enough resources I am so thankful that there are bloggers like you so I can at least go to places.


text:
Hrabia (graf) Piotr Bezuchow, także Pierre Bezuchow (ros. Пётр {Пьер} Кири́ллович Безу́хов) – postać fikcyjna, główny bohater powieści historycznej Lwa Tołstoja Wojna i pokój; jeden z nieślubnych synów hrabiego Kiryła Bezuchowa, mąż księżniczki hrabiny Heleny Wasilijewnej Kuragin-Bezuchowej, następnie mąż Nataszy (z domu Rostowej) Bezuchow.

Prototypami tej postaci byli wracający z syberyjskiego zesłania dekabryści, których koleje życia dały Tołstojowi materiał dla pierwotnej idei, którą stopniowo przekształcił w epos narodowy o wojnie ojczyźnianej 1812 roku. W trakcie pracy nad powieścią oraz w pierwotnym jej wydaniu pisarz używał wielu (innych) nazwisk dla tej postaci (kniaź Kuszijew, Arkadij Bezuchij, Piotr Iwanowicz Miedinski).

Charakterystyka
Na początku powieści Piotr Bezuchow jest młodym, dwudziestoletnim człowiekiem, który spędził wiele lat życia za granicą, gdzie zdobywał edukację. Wraca do Rosji z zamiarem ułożenia sobie życia i zrobienia kariery. Mimo że ma potencjał, dobre chęci i dobre serce, jest niewygodny i nie potrafi odnaleźć dla siebie miejsca w tych kręgach rosyjskiego społeczeństwa, w których zaczyna się poruszać. Pomimo swojej inteligencji nie daje się całkowicie zdominować przez rozsądek, jak jego przyjaciel książę Andriej Nikołajewicz Bołkoński. Jego brak właściwego ukierunkowania powoduje, iż przystaje do grupy rozrzutnych, źle prowadzących się młodych mężczyzn, takich jak książę Anatol Kuragin i oficer Dołochow, których dowcipy i nadużywanie alkoholu prowadzą do zatargów i awantur. Po szczególnie skandalicznej eskapadzie, podczas której policjant zostaje przywiązany do grzbietu niedźwiedzia i ostatecznie wrzucony do rzeki, Piotr Bezuchow zostaje wydalony z Petersburga.

Piotr Bezuchow dziedziczy po ojcu bardzo duży spadek. Jego pozycja w społeczeństwie znacznie wzrasta – niegdyś był nieślubnym dzieckiem, a dziś jest wielkim posiadaczem ziemskim z tytułem hrabiowskim. Choć był zakochany w pięknej hrabiance Nataszy Rostowej, w wyniku intrygi księcia Wasilija Kuragina żeni się z jego córką – księżną Heleną Kuragin – kobietą piękną, zmysłową, ale zarazem rozpustną i niezachwycającą intelektem. Okazuje się, że nie kocha ona Bezuchowa, a co więcej – ma liczne romanse. Piotr wyzywa na pojedynek oficera armii carskiej Dołochowa, podejrzewając, że jest jednym z kochanków jego żony. Bezuchow wychodzi zwycięsko z tej potyczki. Jednak przejęty całym zajściem – opuszcza Helenę. Wkrótce, szukając metafizycznego zaspokojenia, wstępuje do masonerii. W 1808 roku staje na czele loży wolnomularskiej w Petersburgu. Ostatecznie dostrzega fałsz masonerii, co prowadzi do jego rozczarowania ideami masońskimi oraz postępowaniem ludzi zaangażowanych w ten ruch. Bezgranicznie zakochuje się w Nataszy Rostowej, której wyznaje swoje uczucie.

Udaje się pod Moskwę, gdzie jest naocznym obserwatorem braterskiej jedności obrońców rosyjskiej stolicy, którzy pragną pokonać Napoleona – wroga "wszystkich ludzi". Jest świadkiem modlitwy rosyjskiego generała przed ikoną Matki Bożej Smoleńskiej. Na polach Borodino Bezuchow po raz pierwszy doświadcza uczucia jedności z innymi żołnierzami, bijąc się razem ze wspólnym wrogiem. W opustoszałej i płonącej Moskwie doświadcza wielu wojennych koszmarów; jak tylko potrafi próbuje pomagać ludziom (osłania kobietę, ratuje dziecko z ognia). Ostatecznie zostaje złapany jako "podpalacz" i przechodzi przez bardzo ciężkie momenty swojego życia, oczekując na śmierć i będąc świadkiem egzekucji więźniów. W niewoli objawia się mu nowy świat i sens życia – przede wszystkim uświadamia sobie, że jest możliwe uwięzienie jedynie ciała, a nieśmiertelna dusza człowieka pozostaje wolna. W więzieniu spotyka się z Platonem Karatajewem - chłopem i – podobnie jak Bezuchow – jeńcem wojennym. Rozmowa z nim uświadamia mu cechy narodu rosyjskiego: miłość do życia, świadomość siebie jako części całego świata. Po spotkaniu z Karatajewem, które stanowi punkt zwrotny w życiu Bezuchowa, hrabia, który wcześniej "nie widział wieczności i nieskończoności w niczym" nauczył się "dostrzegać wieczność i nieskończoność we wszystkim. I tą wiecznością i nieskończonością był Bóg."

Po zakończeniu wojny i śmierci Heleny, Piotr Bezuchow po raz kolejny spotyka się z Nataszą Rostową, aby ostatecznie ją poślubić. W epilogu Tołstoj ukazuje go jako szczęśliwego, troszczącego się o swoją rodzinę człowieka, z wzajemnością darzącego miłością swoją żonę – człowieka, który odnalazł swoje miejsce i cel w życiu.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Postacie literackie
Postacie z adaptacji filmowych


text:
Q: Dataset with time column is being read through R as decimal numbers Attached are pictures showing the time column in excel and in R after preliminary loading. I have been digging through forums as to how I could change the format to retain the HH:mm:ss structure and haven't had luck with "(as.)chron", "as.date", nor "format" as shown. Let me know if you have any tips, I am just starting with R.
times <- as.character(FeData_18[, 3])
time1 <- as.chron(times, format=c('h:m:s'))
time2 <- format(FeData_18[, 3], format=c('h:m:s'))
time <- chron(times, format=c('h:m:s')

where FeData[, 3] is the time column.

A: Here, the time is being saved in excel as a percentage of a day (between 0 and 1). For example 0.4375 corresponds to 10:30:00. This can be calculated as follows:
0.4375 * 24 * 3600 seconds from midnight = 37800 seconds = 10 hrs 30 minutes.
We can do this in R in the following way:
tm1.lt <- as.POSIXlt("2022-10-13")
tm1.lt
dec <- 0.4375
tm1.lt <- tm1.lt + (dec*24*3600)
tm1.lt
strftime(tm1.lt,"%H:%M:%S")

Output:
> tm1.lt <- as.POSIXlt("2022-10-13")
> tm1.lt
[1] "2022-10-13 IST"
> dec <- 0.4375
> tm1.lt <- tm1.lt + (dec*24*3600)
> tm1.lt
[1] "2022-10-13 10:30:00 IST"
> strftime(tm1.lt,"%H:%M:%S")
[1] "10:30:00"


text:
Category: SWEPI
Latest Permits Issued for PA/OH Utica Shale
An update on the latest drilling permits (issued the past two weeks) for the Utica Shale in both western PA and eastern Ohio, by driller and county:
November 27, 2012 Carroll County, Chesapeake Energy, Energy Companies, EnerVest, Gulfport Energy, Harrison County, Noble County, Ohio, Shell, SWEPI
Chesapeake Sells Permian Basin, Midstream Assets for $6.9B
Although we've known for a while that the embattled Chesapeake Energy has been shopping some of it's shale basin and other assets in order to pay down debt, they've made a huge announcement today. Chesapeake has sold most of its Permian Basin acreage along with "substantially all of its midstream" assets for $6.9 billion. The buyers for the Permian were Shell, Chevron and EnerVest. Most of Chesapeake's remaining midstream assets were sold to Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP).
Chesapeake previously announced they would sell off assets in areas where they were not number one or two in an attempt to repay loans and concentrate their drilling in core areas. Two of the core areas where Chesapeake is sticking around are the Marcellus and Utica Shale.
From the Chesapeake Energy press release:
September 12, 2012 Chesapeake Energy, Chevron, Energy Companies, Energy Services, EnerVest, Global Infrastructure Partners, Shell, SWEPI
Top 7 Marcellus Shale Gas Producers in PA
Who are the biggest producers of Marcellus shale gas in Pennsylvania so far this year? Below is the list of the top seven as compiled from production numbers by the Pittsburgh Business Times.
The following are production numbers for January to June 2011 in Pennsylvania.
October 3, 2011 Cabot Oil & Gas, Chesapeake Energy, Chevron, Energy Companies, EQT Corp, Pennsylvania, Range Resources Corp, Statewide PA, SWEPI, Talisman Energy
PA Drillers Comply with Federal EPA's Request for Information on Wastewater Disposal
When the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) recently told Marcellus Shale drillers in the state to stop hauling wastewater from fracking to municipal sewage treatment plants that are not equipped to fully treat the wastewater by May 19 (see MDN story here), they all committed to comply and indeed did comply. But the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) jumped in and demanded detailed plans from six drillers as to just how they planned on treating and disposing of the wastewater once the they stopped using the municipal plants.
The EPA's deadline for the six drillers to file plans was Wednesday, May 25. Five of the six complied by the deadline:
May 27, 2011 Atlas Energy, Cabot Oil & Gas, Chesapeake Energy, Energy Companies, Industrywide Issues, Pennsylvania, Range Resources Corp, Regulation, Statewide PA, SWEPI, Talisman Energy, Wastewater