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We performed unilateral carotid artery occlusion on postnatal day 7-10 CD-1 mouse pups to create a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) model and investigated the effects of HI brain injury. We studied neurobehavioral functions in these mice compared to non-operated normal mice.
We performed unilateral carotid artery occlusion on CD-1 mice to create a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) model and investigated the effects of neonatal HI brain injury by studying neurobehavioral functions in these mice compared to non-operated (i.e., normal) mice. During the study, Rice-Vannucci's method was used to induce neonatal HI brain damage in postnatal day 7-10 (P7-10) mice. The HI operation was performed on the pups by unilateral carotid artery ligation and exposure to hypoxia (8% O2 and 92% N2 for 90 min). One week after the operation, the damaged brains were evaluated with the naked eye through the semi-transparent skull and were categorized into subgroups based on the absence ("no cortical injury" group) or presence ("cortical injury" group) of cortical injury, such as a lesion in the right hemisphere. On week 6, the following neurobehavioral tests were performed to evaluate the cognitive and motor functions: passive avoidance task (PAT), ladder walking test, and grip strength test. These behavioral tests are helpful in determining the effects of neonatal HI brain injury and are used in other mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, neonatal HI brain injury mice showed motor deficits that corresponded to right hemisphere damage. The behavioral test results are relevant to the deficits observed in human neonatal HI patients, such as cerebral palsy or neonatal stroke patients. In this study, a mouse model of neonatal HI brain injury was established and showed different degrees of motor deficits and cognitive impairment compared to non-operated mice. This work provides basic information on the HI mouse model. MRI images demonstrate the different phenotypes, separated according to the severity of brain damage by motor and cognitive tests.
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Neonatal HI brain injury occurs during early childhood (approximately two patients per 1,000 children)1,2,3,4,5. Studies regarding neonatal HI brain injury are important, and using an established neonatal HI brain injury mouse model can facilitate in vivo preclinical research on HI brain injury.
Traditional HI models are used on adult rats6. For the neonate model, the Rice-Vannucci method is commonly used on P7 rats7,8. However, since rats and mice are slightly different9,10, even though they are both rodents, we performed a modified Rice-Vannucci method on CD-1 pups at P7-10, based on previous studies that showed that P7-10 is the period featuring immature oligodendrocytes, corresponding to human term P011,12. The neonatal HI mouse model is established through both the ligation of the unilateral carotid artery and the exposure of the mice to hypoxia with 8% oxygen in P7-10 pups.
The mice subjected to the procedure showed various degrees of brain lesions in the posterolateral area of the right hemisphere. To identify the cognitive and motor deficits, neurobehavioral assessments based on the PAT, ladder walking test, and grip strength test were performed. The differences between non-operated (i.e., normal) and HI mice were analyzed. This work presents basic information on the HI mouse model. The MRI images demonstrate the different phenotypes, separated according to the severity of brain damages using motor and cognitive tests.
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All animals were housed in a standard cage (27 × 22.5 × 14 cm3) in a facility accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) and given food and water ad libitum under alternating 12-h light/dark cycles. The authors followed animal protection regulations, and the experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Yonsei University College of Medicine (IACUC No. 2010-0252; 2013-0220).
1. Mouse Model of Neonatal HI Brain Injury
Anesthetize the pups with isoflurane.
Place the pups (less than 5) into an anesthetizing box and close the lid.
Turn on the anesthetizing system for approximately 15 min; adjust the gas and isoflurane using a table top anesthesia machine. Adjust the oxygen flowmeter to 1.5 L/min. Adjust the isoflurane vaporizer to 3-5% for the induction of anesthesia.
After 15 min, adjust the isoflurane vaporizer to 1-2% for the maintenance of anesthesia.
Lay a fully anesthetized pup under a dissection microscope (abdomen facing the researcher) and secure it with tape.
Make a ~0.7-mm incision in the neck using sterilized scissors.
Carefully remove the adipose tissue using sterilized forceps and expose the unilateral right carotid artery.
Ligate the unilateral right carotid artery with a 5-0 absorbable suture.
Suture the incision in the neck with 5-0 suture.
Place each pup in a 37 °C warm hypoxic chamber for 1 h for recovery. Do not close the chamber lid.
1 h after the surgery, when the pups are fully awake, close the hypoxia chamber lid and decrease the gas levels to establish hypoxic conditions (8% O2 and 92% N2).
After 90 min of hypoxia, return the pups to their cages.
One week after the HI brain injury, repeat step 1.
After the anesthesia, make an incision in the scalp with sterilized scissors and forceps to identify the brain lesion in the posterolateral area of the right hemisphere.
Note: This treatment induces hypoxia in pups. The presence and extent of brain injury in all mice is visually assessed with the naked eye through the semi-transparent skull. As determined by the size or volume of the discoloration (i.e., the brain lesion), pups are classified into groups. If there is no visible cortical injury , the mouse is classified into the "no cortical injury" group. If there is a visible cortical injury (i.e., a lesion in the right hemisphere), the mouse is classified into the "cortical injury" group. Since classification of the mice into groups is done one week after the operation, the groupings can be modified when the morphologies of the brain samples are clearly defined at the time of sacrifice1,2,3,4.
Figure 1: Modeling neonatal HI brain injury in mice.
(A) A seven-day-old mouse pup underwent surgery, and the unilateral right carotid artery was ligated. (B) Pups were placed in a hypoxic chamber for 90 min with 8% O2 and 92% N2. (C, D, and E) The brains with neonatal HI injury showed various severity of damage and were categorized based on the degree of damage. At week 14, the brains were obtained, and the lesions were visualized. (C) Image of a brain classified as a "no cortical injury". Both (D) and (E) were classified into the "cortical injury" group. (F, G, and H) Representative MRI of (C), (D), and (E) mice, respectively. (F) The damage in the hippocampus is indicated with a yellow arrow, and lesions in the right hemisphere are also indicated with yellow arrows (G and H). Scale bars = 1 mm Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
2. Neonatal Behavioral Tests
Note: Here, the behavioral tests were performed at 6 weeks of age.
Passive avoidance task.
NOTE: To evaluate memory function based on learning and the avoidance of an aversive stimulus, a two-compartment step-through PAT should be conducted13,14,15,16.
Place a mouse into the bright compartment of the Plexiglas shuttle box (41.5 × 21 × 35 cm3) of a PAT apparatus.
After 30 s, open the guillotine door and record the latency time for the mouse to move into the dark compartment (up to 300 s).
Close the guillotine door when all four limbs of the mouse are fully inside the dark compartment.
Administer electric foot shock (0.5 mA) for 2 s and return the mouse to its cage.
Replace the mouse in the bright compartment 24 h after the electric foot shock.
Open the guillotine door 10 s after the mouse is fully placed in the bright compartment, and record the latency time for the mouse to move into the dark compartment (up to 300 s).
Ladder walking test.
NOTE: The ladder rung walking task allows for the discrimination between subtle disturbances of motor function by combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of skilled walking17,18.
Turn on a video camera.
Place a mouse on the start panel of the ladder and immediately begin recording.
Record the video, focusing on the mouse limbs.
Stop recording when the mouse touches the last panel of the ladder. Repeat the back-and-forth trip four times.
Analyze the video recording and manually count the number of slips of each forelimb, as follows:
Play recording of the video on a computer at a slow speed (0.1x) and count the steps manually.
Grip strength test.
NOTE: The grip strength test is performed using a grip strength meter, which includes a push-pull strain gauge.
Fix the grip strength apparatus onto an acrylic panel.
Place a mouse on the acrylic panel and hold its tail.
Move the hand holding the tail so that the mouse can reach and grip the metal wire of the apparatus.
Allow multiple trials until the mouse grips a triangular piece of metal wire (2 mm in diameter); the peak force is automatically registered in grams by the apparatus.
NOTE: Use the mean peak force of three trials for analysis19,20,21.
Representative Results
All data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). The comparison of variables between the two groups was conducted using an independent or paired t-test on SPSS statistics software. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The brains with neonatal HI injury showed different severity of damage and were categorized accordingly (Figure 1C-E). The brains were obtained at week 14, and the lesions were visualized. Figure 1C shows a brain classified as a "no cortical injury" brain, Figure 1D shows a brain classified as a mild injury, and Figure 1E shows a severely damaged brain. Both (D) mild and (E) severe injuries were classified into the "cortical injury" group. After the HI operation, 13-week-old mice were imaged using MRI, and the results (Figure 1F-H) are representative images of (C), (D), and (E) injuries, respectively. Even though there was no significant lesion on the morphology of the brain, the MRI image showed hippocampal injury (Figure 1F). Damage to the hippocampus (Figure 1F, indicated with a yellow arrow) is slightly apparent in the mildly injured brain. In a severely damaged brain, the mouse lost most of the right hemisphere (Figure 1G and H, indicated with a yellow arrow).
Since the brains with HI injury showed hippocampal injury (Figure 1F-H), the mice with HI injury exhibited memory deficits compared to the normal mice. PAT performance is closely related to hippocampal damage13,15,16,19. Figure 2 shows that the mice with HI injury had more cognitive deficits than the normal mice13, as assessed in the PAT (normal n = 10; HI n = 9). A statistically significant difference was observed between the baseline and the 24-h memory test in normal mice, as shown in Figure 2A (*p = 0.003 based on a paired t-test). Figure 2B shows the changes in cognitive function in the HI injury mice compared to normal mice (delta (Δ) is the difference between baseline and the 24-h test)13.
Because only the right hemisphere was damaged, the neonatal HI brain injury mice showed hemiplegic motor functions. The difference in the percentage of slips on the transverse rungs of the ladder relative to the total number of steps taken by each forelimb was used to compare normal mice with neonatal HI brain injury mice17,19. Figure 3 shows that the slip rate of the contralateral forelimb in the HI brain injury mice was significantly higher than that in the normal mice (normal n = 19; HI n = 18; *p = 0.010 based on an independent t-test)22, but no difference was observed in the ipsilateral forelimb(p = 0.798 based on an independent t-test).
Moreover, since the grip strength involves the motor cortex in the brain, the normal and cortical injury groups showed differences in grip power. Although the results from the grip strength test showed no difference between the normal and no cortical injury mice (Figure 4A; normal n = 4; no cortical injury n = 12), the graph shows that the grip power of the contralateral forelimb was significantly weaker in the cortical injury mice than in the normal mice (Figure 4B; normal n = 4; cortical injury n = 36; *p = 0.036 based on an independent t-test)21,22,23.
Figure 2: PAT in neonatal HI brain injury and normal mice.
(A) The latency time in the bright compartment was measured and compared between neonatal HI brain injury and normal mice (n = 9 and n = 10, respectively). (B) The measurement at the moment of the electronic shock was considered the baseline, and long-term memory was evaluated 24 h after the electric shock. Delta (Δ) 24-h latency was the difference between the function evaluated at 24 h and at baseline. *p<0.05; all data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
Figure 3: Forelimb slip rate in the ladder walking test.
The rates of contralateral and ipsilateral forelimb slip were evaluated between the normal and HI brain injury mice (n = 19 and n = 18, respectively). *p<0.05; all data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
Figure 4: Grip strength test in neonatal HI brain injury and normal mice.
Grip power of the contralateral forelimb was evaluated and compared between (A) normal, no cortical injury and (B) cortical injury mice (n = 4, n = 12, n = 36). *p<0.05; all data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
In this study, we induced HI brain injury in a neonatal P7-10 CD-1 mouse and identified the brain lesion with relevant cognitive and motor deficits. During this procedure, occlusion of the unilateral right carotid artery was critical. In this step, the artery could be damaged and torn. Most pups who experienced an artery tear died. Conversely, if researchers ligated another blood vein instead of the unilateral right carotid artery, the brain of the pup was only mildly damaged, and no significant phenotype could be observed24.
In this study, due to variations in mice and lesion volume, the brains were categorized into several groups (Figure 1C-H). Several mice with mildly injured brains had damage only in the hippocampus and not in the cortical region (Figure 1F)13. Conversely, several mice with severely damaged brains lost most of the right hemisphere, and the cortices were severely damaged (Figure 1G and H). Therefore, researchers should identify the size of the lesion one week after the procedure19,25. Since brains were evaluated using MRI scans, the determination of the volume and size of a lesion was more reliable. Therefore, we recommend that researchers evaluate the brains using MRI, although visual inspection with the naked eye is also feasible.
Cerebral palsy commonly occurs during early childhood, with an incidence rate of approximately two patients per 1,000 children5. Since the neonatal HI mouse model could be a representative model of cerebral palsy or neonatal stroke4,11,26, the baseline information from this study can be used in preclinical research on cerebral palsy or neonatal stroke.
Neurobehavioral assessments are useful to identify the phenotypes of cognitive and motor deficits13. The neurobehavioral assessments introduced in this study are also adaptable and are commonly used for other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and so on. Researchers should be aware that, during PAT, subjects receive an electric shock. Therefore, PAT should be performed last, so the electric shock does not affect the other behavioral assessments.
For further study, researchers need to study a sham-operated group in comparison with the HI group. For a specific control group, researchers can make an incision on the neck and close the incision without any artery ligation. To mimic the HI operation, these pups should be put into the hypoxic chamber, but without hypoxia, for the same amount of time as an HI group before being returned to their cages.
The authors have no competing interests.
This study was supported by grants from National Research Foundation (NRF-2014R1A2A1A11052042; 2015M3A9B4067068), the Ministry of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea, the Korean Health Technology R&D Project (HI16C1012), Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea, and the "Dongwha" Faculty Research Assistance Program of Yonsei University College of Medicine (6-2016-0126).
Hypoxic chamber Jeung Do Bio & Plant Co Experimental Builder
PAT apparatus Jeung Do Bio & Plant Co Experimental Builder
The ladder rung walking Jeung Do Bio & Plant Co Experimental Builder
SDI Grip Strength System San Diego Instruments Inc.
Grip-Strength Meter Ugo Basile 47200
Harvard Apparatus Fluovac anesthetizing system Harvard Apparatus
Anesthetizing box acryl box
I-Fran Liquid (Isofluorane) Hana Pharm. Co., Ltd. General Anesthetics ( isoflurane 100ml)
CD-1 mice Orient Co., Ltd.
Blue Nylon Mono Non-Absorbbable suture 5-0 50cm Ailee Co., Ltd. NB 521
IBM SPSS Statistics IBM Ver. 23
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Vannucci, R. C., et al. Rat model of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. J Neurosci Res. 55, (2), 158-163 (1999).
Im, S. H., et al. Induction of striatal neurogenesis enhances functional recovery in an adult animal model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Neuroscience. 169, (1), 259-268 (2010).
Clowry, G. J., Basuodan, R., Chan, F. What are the Best Animal Models for Testing Early Intervention in Cerebral Palsy? Front Neurol. 5, (258), 1-17 (2014).
Colver, A., Fairhurst, C., Pharoah, P. O. Cerebral palsy. Lancet. 383, (9924), 1240-1249 (2014).
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Wi, S., Yu, J. H., Kim, M., Cho, S. R. In Vivo Expression of Reprogramming Factors Increases Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Synaptic Plasticity in Chronic Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Neural Plast. 2016, (2580837), 1-11 (2016).
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Kim, M. S., et al. Environmental enrichment enhances synaptic plasticity by internalization of striatal dopamine transporters. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 36, (12), 2122-2133 (2015).
Lee, M. Y., et al. Alteration of synaptic activity-regulating genes underlying functional improvement by long-term exposure to an enriched environment in the adult brain. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 27, (6), 561-574 (2013).
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Seo, J. H., Yu, J. H., Suh, H., Kim, M. S., Cho, S. R. Fibroblast growth factor-2 induced by enriched environment enhances angiogenesis and motor function in chronic hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. PLoS One. 8, (9), e74405 (2013).
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Noosa Long Weekend
2012 line-up highlights
Venues and other entertainment
Location, Travel, and local Accommodation
Festival contact and ticket information
Page was last changed Jan 17th, 2019 @ 17:26:40
The Noosa Long Weekend is a 10 day culture festival which takes place in Australia, the event features a variety of entertainment from music, to film to workshops. Taking place in Noosa Heads, Queensland, the festival is regarded as an important date in the culture calender, both in it's homeland and on an international level.
There is over 80+ cultural events planned, with the following highlights to look forward to:
An opening night performance by Australian music diva, Debra Byrne with her new show Ripe.
David Williamson's new black comedy 'When Dad Married Fury', the preview of Bruce Beresford's new film 'Peace, Love and Misunderstanding' starring Jane Fonda which will be followed by a question and answer session with Mr Beresford and Richard Fidler
A free Paul Smith photographic exhibition of music legends.
A contemporary dance performance produced for the Australian Ballet's 50th Anniversary from Brisbane's Expressions Dance Company.
Barbra Streisand impersonator Steven Brinberg with his show Simply Barbra direct from New York.
The very first Noosa Book Club with Jennifer Byrne, Marieke Hardy, Jason Steger, Charlotte Wood and Di Morrissey.
Events will be split amongst the following categories: Theatre, Dance, Music, Supper Clubs, Food, Literature, Forums, Visual Arts and Workshops.
One of the organisers, David Williamsons states that "Noosa is not just a tourist destination, it's a real community, and unless you contribute to that community, you do get the feeling that you're just perpetual tourists,''
The Noosa Longweekend festival was launched in 2002 by a local group of creative visionaries wanting to blend their passions with the beautiful environment that is Noosa. The festival's founding members include prominent Australian playwright David Williamson, author Kristin Williamson, internationally renowned violinist Brett Dean, environmental activist Dr Michael Gloster, restaurateur Leonie Palmer-Fischer together with Rick Clayton and Ros McCauley.
More to be announced, (or if you know or have some useful tips, advice or information to add, you could login and help this wiki grow.)
Tickets go on sale Tuesday 8th May, and can be purchased here.
ASK A QUESTION ABOUT THIS FESTIVAL

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Occupied Palestine | فلسطين Blogging 4 Human Rights & Liberation of Palestine! فلسطين
Lieberman: "We Will Cancel All Peace Accords Should Palestinians Declare State"
Friday June 17, 2011 11:13 by Saed Bannoura – IMEMC & Agencies
Israeli Foreign minister and leader of the right-wing Yisrael Beiteinu Party, Avigdor Lieberman, stated during his meeting with EU Foreign Policy Chief Catherine Ashton, that Israel will void all related peace agreements with the Palestinians, including Oslo, should the Palestinian leadership unilaterally declare a state at the United Nations.
Lieberman and Ashton – Arabs48
Lieberman stated that a unilateral declaration in this regard would be considered "a violation to all signed peace deals".
According to a report by Israeli daily, Haaretz, Lieberman stated that "Israel will not be obliged by any of the peace agreements signed over the last 18 years", adding that "the stances of President Mahmoud Abbas indicate that he is not interested in a peace deal with Israel".
He added that Abbas is leading the area into a new confrontation with Israel, and that the Palestinian leader has personal interests that contradict the Palestinian interests, and the interests of those who oppose him.
Ashton recently sent a letter to the United Nations, the United States and Russia asking them to hold an urgent Quartet meeting.
Last Tuesday, Lieberman declared his rejection to a European initiative calling for resuming Palestinian-Israeli peace talks based on the speech of President Barack Obama.
In an interview with the Israeli Army Radio, Lieberman said that such attempts are
meant to place the Palestinian issue at the top international priorities instead of the situation in Syria and Iran.
"There are many initiatives, including the French initiative to hold a conference in Moscow", Lieberman said, "Look at what is happening in Syria and Yemen, we can't compare the events in the Arab world with what is happening here".
The Israeli FM further stated that the international community "must set its priorities, and must deal with Iran, Sudan and Pakistan".
Special Topic | Israeli Massacres on Palestinians
Quick Facts | 10 Facts about the Nakba
Exclusive | Interactive map of Palestine villages destroyed during Nakba
Album Ethnic Cleansing of Negev Bedouin
Album House Demolitions
Settlement Construction
Not only Muslims Palestinians are subjected to Israel's Policies:
New Album: Christians in Palestine
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Palestine, Statehood, Zionism
Accord, cancel, declaration, hasbara, incitement, israel, joe, Lieberman, palestine, peace, recognition, state, threats, UN
Israel Approves Ofra Settlement Expansion in Northern West Bank
#Palestine | Live Updates & Pictures from Demos June 17, 2011 | Page 1


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Vietnam, RoK enjoy extensive exchange in culture: Korean minister
Vietnam and the Republic of Korea (RoK) have seen extensive cultural exchange, and the combination of the RoK's development and technology and Vietnam's values will definitely create great influence, not only in Asia, said RoK Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism Hwang Hee.
RoK Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism Hwang Hee (Photo: VNA)
In an interview granted to the Vietnam News Agency, the official said during a recent meeting, he and his Vietnamese counterpart Nguyen Van Hung discussed issues related to the celebration of the 30th founding anniversary of the countries' diplomatic ties and signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation.
He said as both countries love sports, the two sides have considered exchanges in different sports such as female football and golf to mark the 30th anniversary of their diplomatic relations. Notably, they agreed to organise festivals, including a Korean lantern festival in Vietnam and a Vietnamese culture and tourism week in the RoK, on this occasion.
The minister expressed his hope that the 30th anniversary will be a chance for the countries to learn more about each other's history and culture, thereby creating an environment in which they can explore new cooperation fields such as sports and music.
Both Vietnam and the RoK hold great potential and enthusiasm, so the prospect of bilateral cooperation is considerable, Hwang Hee went on, noting that cultural exchange has an important role to play in helping create the foundation and momentum for sustainable development.
According to him, the two sides share many cultural similarities, with the Vietnamese and Korean peoples familiar to each other's cultures. The Korean Cultural Centre in Vietnam, established in November 2006, is the first in Southeast Asia and has been acting as a cultural ambassador between the two countries.
The RoK will also exert efforts to introduce the Vietnamese culture to its people, the minister added.


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Boise State Seeks To Squash Big City Coffee Lawsuit
Kevin Miller Published: November 18, 2021
To the surprise of no one, Boise State University is seeking to dismiss the lawsuit filed against them by Big City Coffee. Public Universities that have made staff cuts due to Covid cannot afford to pay a ten million dollar payout. Idaho Education News has an excellent summary of Boise State's response to the Big City Lawsuit.
LOOK: These 19 People Are Boise's Most Wanted
Yes, even here in the Treasure Valley where crime isn't so rampant, there is a most wanted list. According to the Southwest Idaho Crime Stoppers, these are the most wanted of them all. So many of these mugshots are from Ada and Canyon Counties. Do you recognize anyone?
The optics are just terrible in this case for Boise State. No one in Idaho is anti-police. The thin blue line flag rivals the Boise State flags on cars, homes, and trucks throughout the area. Does anyone believe that a jury in Ada County would not be sympathetic to the owners of Big City Coffee?
If you believe Boise State, they did not force Big City Coffee off their campus. Let's give them that point; however, did Boise State allow its students to lobby to push out Big City effectively? Didn't Doctor Tromp state publicly that all views are welcome? Did anyone in the administration seek to defend the coffee company openly? Hasn't the legislature cut the budget of Boise State and other public universities in Idaho over concerns over the curriculum?
Boise State would be better served to hire the fictional fixer Michael Clayton to make this lawsuit disappear. How many times have we seen extensive public or private institutions roll over the little guy? Or, to put it in sports terms, Boise State is Oklahoma, and Big City is the Broncos. We all know how that outcome played out on the field. Let's hope an embarrassing outcome will be avoided in the courtroom.
15 Small Town Idaho Restaurants That Are Worth the Drive
There's no shortage of good food in the Treasure Valley, but when you're traveling and driving through some small Idaho towns where are you going to grab something good to eat? Perhaps one of these hidden gems! You may just fall in love with them so much that they actually become a destination for you!
Filed Under: Big City Coffee, Boise State University, Kevin Miller, lawsuit, newsletter, Thin Blue Line Flag Line


The rebel commander said his forces would no longer be bound by the Annan peace plan if the Syrian president fails to comply.
The FSA is a loosely-organized and lightly-armed rebel group comprised largely of Syrian military defectors. The Syrian government and the rebels agreed to a truce mediated by Annan last month, but the fighting has continued, with each side accusing the other of violating the deal.
On Thursday, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says "very strong opposition" from Russia is making it harder to put together an international coalition against President Assad. But, she says, Washington is not giving up on such a coalition, because "every day that goes by makes the case stronger."
Speaking in Denmark, Clinton also warned Thursday the violence could turn into a regional "proxy war" if not stopped.
"You have Iran deeply embedded in Syria. Their military are coaching the Syrian military. Their so-called Quds force, which is a branch of the military, is helping them set up these sectarian militias. And, you have Russia continuing to supply them arms," she said.
Russia has repeatedly blocked the Security Council from taking punitive action against the Assad government, a longtime Russian ally. Russian presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Wednesday that Moscow rejects changing its policy under foreign pressure.
U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said Thursday that he "demands" that the Syrian government abide by its peace pledges.
Speaking at a forum in Istanbul, Ban said the almost 300-strong U.N. military observer team in Syria is not meant to play the role of "passive observer to unspeakable atrocities." He said the monitors were deployed "so that perpetrators of crimes may be held accountable."
The U.N. chief also warned that more massacres such as the Houla incident "could plunge Syria into a catastrophic civil war ... from which the country would never recover."
U.N. personnel who went to Houla after the May 25 killings verified the casualties, found evidence of government artillery and tank fire against the town, and heard witness testimony of executions by pro-Assad militiamen, known as shabiha. The Syrian government denies any role in the massacre.
U.S. Republican Senator John McCain said Thursday he believes Obama has failed to take strong action against the Syrian government. Speaking during a visit to Malaysia, McCain called the U.S. response "embarrassing" and repeated his appeal for the Syrian rebels to be armed.


Kojima Productions Episode 5 is out now, and one of the highlights is an interview with Kaz's voice and facial capture actor Robin Atkin Downes.
They played a video of Christopher Johns sitting down with Kazuhira Miller actor Robin Atkin Downes in LA. Chris asked questions sent in by fans while Robin was playing Ground Zeroes.
One fan asked whether there was a big difference between voice acting for a portable game and a home console game. But according to Robin, you are playing the same character, so there is not really a difference in that sense. But the facial capture technique used in MGSV brings a new dimension to the acting. "It's like shooting a movie or a television show, where just subtle movements on the face read." He added that he is very glad to see the industry going in this direction.
According to Robin Atkin Downes, Kaz' anger in The Phantom Pain is more of a means to cover up his vulnerability. "There's a lot of emotions going on." he explained. "And it just seems to be covered up with that right now, because he can't get in touch with them." He did not want to give away too much.
Also in this episode was the announcement that the Deja Vu and Jamais Vu are going multiplatform May 1st, free of charge. For more information, go here.
Then they played the video of Stefanie Joosten infiltrating Kojima Productions to find out more about the 3D scanning process used in Metal Gear Solid V. For more information, go here. Stefanie will be doing more of these reports in the future, so if you have any requests send them to Kojima Station.
After that they showed how to collects some of the XOF patches needed to unlock the Deja Vu and Jamais Vu missions, followed by some updated Ground Zeroes records, and Jackie did a speedrun through one of the game's missions without using weapons.
After showing Robin Atkin Downes interview, the show wrapped up.


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Our Users Installation
Story Team News
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Evening at Reflection Lake
Mount Rainier National Park is an American national park located in southeast Pierce County and northeast Lewis County in Washington state. The park was established on March 2, 1899 as the fifth national park in the United States, preserving 236,381 acres (369.3 sq mi; 956.6 km2) including all of Mount Rainier, a 14,411-foot (4,392 m) stratovolcano. The mountain rises abruptly from the surrounding land with elevations in the park ranging from 1,600 feet to over 14,000 feet (490–4,300 m). The highest point in the Cascade Range, Mount Rainier is surrounded by valleys, waterfalls, subalpine meadows, and 91,000 acres (142.2 sq mi; 368.3 km2) of old-growth forest. More than 25 glaciers descend the flanks of the volcano, which is often shrouded in clouds that dump enormous amounts of rain and snow. Mount Rainier is circled by the Wonderland Trail and is covered by glaciers and snowfields totaling about 35 square miles (91 km2). Carbon Glacier is the largest glacier by volume in the contiguous United States, while Emmons Glacier is the largest glacier by area. Mount Rainier is a popular peak for mountaineering with some 10,000 attempts per year with approximately 50% making it to the summit.
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Enkouji in Fall 2 Japan
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Keino Fireworks Festival Japan
Wheat Field in Paretz 1 Germany
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The Kaw Lake area is known as "Nature's Playground" because of the thousands of acres of unspoiled, undisturbed natural terrain that surrounds the lake. However, it could just as easily be know as "Campers' Playground," with its more than 268 campsites managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Swimming: Can you swim in the lake? Yes, at the two swim beaches. Sandy Beach at the south end by the dam and Pioneer Beach just outside Kaw City.
Water Level: Average water level variance? Can vary up to 30 feet. Average is 10-15.
Boat Docks: Are they permitted? Check with the Corps. 580-762-5611, ext. 21.
Depth of Lake: 30-40 ft.
Nearby cities: Distance to nearby major cities?
Building restrictions: Cannot build within flood plain unless you have a lease from the Corps of Engineers since this is Corps property. Other building restrictions determined by city or county building codes.


In case you don't read Dave Paradi's PowerPoint Blog (and you should), he recently summarized a list of PowerPoint mistakes culled from a web page on legal technology.
The comments shared both the best and worst of PowerPoint presentations. Some good stuff here!
I'm going to avoid summarizing Dave's summary and let you go read it on your own. The original Law.com article is here.
Those were really good examples. I liked the very last one best. I never considered what would happen if your IM window popped up...what an embarrassing situation!


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David Murray Architect
Bergstrom Block
Bitumount Historic Site
Blakey Residence
Bremner House
Canada Packers Smoke Stack
Capital Modern
Cemetery Monument
Donalda Creamery Conservation Plan
Duggan House
Edmonton Journal: Historic Blakey Residence
Fort Saskatchewan Historic Buildings
Grotsky-Schuurmans Residence
Harmony Lane
Hull Block
Lacombe Main Street Project
Little White School
McLuhan House
Pembina House
Ponoka Main Street Project
Queen Elizabeth II Planetarium
St. Augustine Mission
St. Josaphat Ukranian Catholic Cathedral
Tea Swamp House
Ukrainian Canadian Archives and Museum (UCAMA)
Vilna Pool Hall and Barber Shop
Walterdale Theatre
World Trade Centre Edmonton
Essays and Presentations
Publication of The Queen Elizabeth Planetarium in Onsite Review, Issue 36: Our Material Future
Presentation to Alberta Historical Resources Foundation
Overview of Postwar Architecture in Edmonton, Alberta
Capital Modern – Post-war Practice of Architecture in Edmonton, 1940-1969
Exceptional Architecture in Edmonton and the new Art Gallery of Alberta
Gilbert Bouchard, "The Hull Block", Legacy Magazine, Spring 2004
Gilbert Bouchard, "Glory days restored for historic building", Edmonton Journal, October 24, 2003
Canadian Architect magazine, UCAMA "2006 Awards of Excellence"
Shafraaz Kaba. "A modern marvel lovingly restored", Edmonton Journal, October 8, 2009
Paula Simons, "Charlie's Place", Edmonton Journal, July 26, 2009
THE GROTSKI – SCHUURMANS RESIDENCE, Edmonton, Alberta
The Grotski-Schuurmans Residence is one-storey single family residence in the Capilano Neighbourhood of East Edmonton. The house occupies a special riverside lot with a commanding view of the North Saskatchewan River and the neighbourhood of the Highlands across the river. It was designed as a renovation and addition to an existing house in 1977 and constructed the following year by the notable Alberta architect, Douglas Cardinal. Douglas Cardinal is a proponent of curvilinear, nature-based influence in architectural design. The Grotski Residence is one of Cardinal's rare single-family residences and an important component in his evolution of a unique design language. This residence contains references to his trademark curvilinear design as well the West Coast Post and Beam Style that was prevalent at the time.
The Grotski-Schuurmans Residence is significant for its association with the theme of urban development in post-war Edmonton. The Capilano neighbourhood is one of the new communities in post-war Edmonton to accommodate a greatly expanding population. This neighbourhood is one of only a few that has direct river valley access and was an ideal location for Douglas Cardinal to experiment with his nature-based design aesthetic.
This residence is also associated with lawyer John Grotski, who was a prominent member of the legal community during his work life, which extended from the mid-1950s to the late 1990s. In addition to his legal career, he was an important Edmonton developer having been instrumental in the construction of Chancery Hall and Century Place office towers. In addition to his legal work, Grotski served numerous community roles including president of the community league, a lifelong Lions Club member which included a stint as president, Knights of Columbus member and Little League baseball umpire, often returning to the office in the evening.
The Grotski Residence is primarily associated with the career of internationally recognized Alberta architect Douglas Cardinal, who did not design many single-family residences. Some of the design characteristics of the residence are unique to this architect and there is great consistency in the evolution of Cardinal's work. The residence was designed after Grande Prairie College (his first trademark curvilinear design after St. Mary's Church in Red Deer) and before the 1981 St. Albert Place. The roots of this particular design can be found in the West Coast Post and Beam Style, but the execution displays Cardinal's curiosity to explore his unique stylistic inventions that include a nature-based, 'organic' design aesthetic. The residence is an important component in the career evolution of Douglas Cardinal who has been nationally and internationally recognized as a master architect. The design of the Grotski Residence embodies Cardinal's native identity, his association with the environment and the prairie landscape, his academic roots in the fluid designs of numerous previous architects and his non-conventional personality.
The period of significance for this residence is 1978. Given that it is relatively recent, it is no surprise that the Grotski Residence is in remarkably original condition. The character-defining features include the exterior post and beam structural expression, the natural finish exterior cedar siding, the articulated brick chimney, the curvilinear brick living room fireplace, various interior brick features, extensive use of interior cedar finishes on walls and ceilings, and large expanses of glass that blur the line between outside and inside. The original exterior finishes were weathered but salvageable and have been retained and restored. The exterior brick chimney is also severely weathered and was reconstructed. The original brick is no longer available but extensive effort was made to find a closely matching brick in conjunction with the restoration of Cardinal's 1981 St. Albert Place.
The residence was purchased by Dr. Nan Schuurmans in 2010, who from the beginning has been determined to protect the house from demolition and restore it to its original condition. The residence will be designated and protected as a Municipal Historic Resource by the City of Edmonton in 2011. The restoration and renovation project began in fall 2010 and was completed in 2012
Architect: David Murray Architect
Interior Designer: Fay Mihailides Interior Design
General Contractor: Rescom Inc.
Masonry Contractor: Scorpio Masonry (Northern) Inc.
9616 82 Ave. Edmonton, AB, T6C 1A1
dmurray@davidmurrayarchitect.ca


With one extra hour of sleep as of yesterday, we are now so much better equipped to deal with the lack of sunshine and freezing temperature outside, and enjoy everything Copenhagen city has to offer this week that kick-starts High Season of Hygge.
We could sign up for salsa classes: new winter season as of today.
Book tickets to the opera - Puccini's Madame Butterfly, for instance - at Det Kongelige Teater.
Throw a Halloween party with very scary and fun decorations.
Watch new documentaries at Copenhagen International Documentary Film Festival CPH:DOX, that is running November 1-11. Whether you are up for some drama, politics, art or want to catch up on the latest hits (Steve Jobs: The Lost Interview, is on the list as well), you can find pretty much everything in this year program.
And finally, enjoy the Christmas beer on J-Dag: Friday November 2, 20:59 hrs.
Stay warm and hyggeligt !


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Chatham basketball season comes to a close
Photo Courtesy of Chatham Athletics
The Chatham University Cougar 2014-2015 basketball season came to an end on February 21. The Cougars rounded out their season with six wins and 19 losses.
While at home, the Cougars had a record of 5-7 (W-L). Their scores suffered while away, as they finished with a record of only one win and 12 losses. The Cougars did not play any games on neutral territory.
The Cougars averaged 57.6 points per game, totaling 1440 points throughout the season. Chatham's effort was significant, but not enough to avoid an overall opponent point average of 72.2, totaling 1804 points during the season.
The star player of the season was Rachel McClain, a junior Exercise Science major. McClain averaged 12.3 points per game (the highest on the team), with her points overall equaling 295. She also played an average of 31.1 minutes per game (also the highest on the team), with a total of 747 minutes on the court. McClain plays guard.
Second to McClain was Megan Sieg, a first year Exercise Science major. Sieg averaged 11.2 points per game, and scored a total of 279 points in the season. She played a total of 764 minutes during the season (more than anyone on the team), and had an average of 30.6 minutes per game.
Sophomore Psychology major Jesse Hinkle earned the title of most rebounds 14 times during the season, the most of anyone on the team. She got a total of 147 rebounds during the season, with an average of 6.4 per game.
Jessica Manfredi, a sophomore Elementary and Special Education major, led the team in assists for the season, averaging 2.1 assists per game and 52 assists throughout the season. She was also the player with the third-highest number of minutes played, with 26 on average and 650 overall.
The highlight of the Cougar's season came earlier this month on Senior Day. They played PAC Conference rival Geneva College and won 78-66.
During that game, the Cougars had a five-point lead into the half and ended up leading for the rest of the game.
The point leader for the game was sophomore Nikki Ingel with 19 points, followed by McClain, who finished with 17 points. The Cougars nailed 21 of their 25 free throws in the second half.
The Cougars will say goodbye to three seniors this season: Kayla Saylor, Becky Rowe, and Emily Schmidt.
Rowe averaged 19.6 minutes per game in 14 games this season. She averaged 7.9 points per game. Schmidt averaged 17.3 minutes per game in 14 games. She averaged 6.4 points per game.
The Cougars may not have come out with a winning record, but they can certainly boast of another season full of hard work, sportsmanship, and team effort.
Chatham University's new lacrosse coach, team weigh in
New NCAA rules prompt updates to COVID-19 vaccine requirements for Chatham athletes
Hunt Armory ice rink opens new opportunities for athletes and fans
Season preview: Winter sports are making an icy comeback
Senior Spotlight: Emily Richie helps create a healthy volleyball culture
Chatham women's soccer team makes historic charge to NCAA tournament
For the first time, all fall sports teams are playoff bound
Men's soccer team looks back on season successes
Senior Spotlight: Soccer team's Tahbaz leads on and off the field
Senior Spotlight: Long distance runner Rebecca Pennington


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Issues and Theology / Ministry Reflections
Pastor, Know Your Context
March 20, 2019 March 14, 2019 Matt EricksonLeave a comment
When I was a graduate student, I took a missions class called "Contextualization" as an elective. The class was essentially intended to equip missionaries for understanding the cross-cultural context, or setting, in which they were going to do mission work so that they could share the message of Christ in culturally astute ways. We discussed ethical issues like bribery, relational issues like polygamy, and theological issues like worship styles that fit the heart language of a people group.
Unfortunately, the mission principle of contextualization – doing ministry in culturally astute ways – is often relegated to clearly "missionary" or cross-cultural settings. But when we do ministry as pastors within United State, we often ignore the fact that we need to contextualize our ministry just as much in a setting that seems familiar.
We take for granted, for instance, that we actually know our setting. "After all," we think to ourselves, "I'm an American doing ministry in America! What is there to understand?"I would like to contend, however, that we do not always understand our context as much as we think we do.
Here are six questions worth pondering for those of us who do ministry in the United States. While national history and trends must be considered, we must be aware of the specific state and local history and trends for our context. If you know the answers to these questions for your setting, kudos to you! If not, it is time for you to dig deeper in order to know your setting.
What is the rough chronology or time-line of your city, town, or county? When and how was it founded and when and how did it expand?
What ethnic groups make up your context and how did they come to be there over time? What are the cultural distinctives of those ethnic groups, and how are those distinctives continuing to impact your setting?
What are the driving economic forces of your setting and how have those changed over time? How did national issues, such as the Great Depression or World War II, affect your setting economically?
What have been the defining conflicts over time in your setting? Put another way, what governmental, ethnic, or economic issues have raised tension levels at different times?
What has the religious climate been within your setting over the course of its history? What have been the ebbs and flows of church life, and how has the flow of cultural issues over time affected that positively or negatively?
What would you see as the key 3-5 issues in your setting that the church must address in some way, whether directly or indirectly, in order to minister in culturally astute ways in the next 25 years?
A superficial familiarity with our setting may hinder us from truly knowing it and, thus, keep us from an effective ministry for the kingdom where God has placed us. We must dig deep to know our setting.
context, contextualization, cultural relevance, local, mission, missional church
The Hunger for Greatness [Hungry for God]
Edvard Munch, Golgotha


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Free Access To Government Bids
Procurement Assistance And Support
Government Contracts Small Business Champion – Susan Thibodeaux
Veteran Institute for Procurement is a training and assistance program established by the Montgomery County Chamber of Commerce to help Veteran-owned businesses to access government contracts.
helps companies to identify, bid and perform on government contracts with federal, state, and local government.
Are Government Contracts Profitable
Whether its your companys first contract or youve been providing products and services to the federal government for years, one thing is certain: Government contracting can be very profitable.
Government contracting allows businesses to get paid for providing products and services that help the government meet its goals. The federal government allocated over 140 billion dollars to contracts with small businesses in 2020.
Government contracting gives you access to the worlds largest customer . It also can provide your business with stability, profitability, and growth opportunities you may not find in other markets.
Gsa Provides Free Access To Federal Contract Information
WASHINGTON Public access to federal contract information will be provided at no charge, under the new, Federal Procurement Data System – Next Generation , which will be accessible Oct. 1, the U.S. General Services Administration announced today.
In keeping with the Presidents vision to expand public access to government, GSA will provide free access to federal procurement reports as a citizen service. Free public access to real-time, contract information expands opportunities for vendors to provide products and services to agencies at greater value to the government, which, in turn, provides added value to tax dollars.
Private citizens, small and large businesses, non-profit organizations, Members of Congress and federal agencies, generally, will share equal access to standard reports, such as socio-economic reports showing which agencies have awarded contracts to small, minority-owned businesses, small veteran-owned businesses, etc. There may be delayed access to some data for security reasons.
For organizations, businesses and private citizens needing access to raw contract data, GSA will offer direct access to the entire FPDS-NG database, through Web services, at a fee to cover the cost of a permanent computer connection, approximately $2,500.
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Imagine knowing exactly which websites to use and how to use them. Its like having access to the computer of a 30 year government sales veteran and now you have all the core websites they use to find opportunities, locate teaming partners, research competitive intelligence, research competitor pricing, and much more.
Simply import the bookmark file into your Internet browser.
Throughout the documentation, templates, webinars, podcasts, and other resources, these websites are referred to time and again. Our job is to accelerate your entry into the market. This is part of that process.
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HOW TO WIN MORE CONTRACTS
Besides the new look, the Contract Reporter has been redesigned to make finding contracting opportunities easy. Some of the new features include:
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Bookmark ads for easy retrieval
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Filter ads by contracting category, geographic location and ad type
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Three Great Websites To Find Government Contracting Opportunities
Working for the federal government can be very lucrative for your business. The United States government is the largest buyer of products and services in the world. Some contracts offered by the federal government are open to any business that qualifies for that contract while some contracts are limited to certain types of businesses, such as women-owned small businesses.
A DC government contracting attorney can help ensure that your business is ready and meets all requirements for federal government contracts. The next step involves locating federal contracts forbidding.
Bidding On Federal Construction Projects
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When a department or agency claims that there is only one source for a requirement, PWGSC scrutinizes the situation very carefully. If you feel your company can fulfill the requirement set out in an ACAN, you can submit a statement of capabilities for this requirement. If in fact your statement meets the requirements, the buyer will then proceed with the competitive process.
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Follow the links below to access EU procurement procedures, rules and opportunities.
Also Check: Af Us Government Money Market A
The Easiest Government Contracts To Win
The U.S. government is known to be one of the markets oldest and largest purchasers. In fact, it purchases billions to trillions per year in goods and services.
Regardless of business size, understanding how to approach and win government contracts is a key component of success or failure for many companies. Winning the first contract can be a perplexing task, but there are resources to make it easier. Keep reading to learn more.
3. Medical Services, Pharmaceuticals, and Biologics
$26 Billion In Strategies To Help You Win Government Contracts
Federal Access is an award winning and nationally recognized knowledge-base and training platform that helps companies win government contracts. FA is not a bid-matching system. FA provides the templates, resources, tactics, and strategies you need to win. Over the last ten years, our Members have won more than $2.6 Billion in definitive contracts and more than $30 Billion in indefinite delivery contracts .
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Do Business With The Military
Find out how your business can search and compete for contracting opportunities within the military.
Learn about opportunities to sell to the military by contacting the small business office within each branch of the armed forces and Department of Defense.
Find military contracting opportunities using the Contract Opportunities Search Tool on beta.SAM.gov. Search using the name of the military branch youre interested in working with, or the location of a specific military installation.
If you are a veteran, check out programs and information specific to military veterans.
Don't Miss: Right To Petition The Government
Medical Services Pharmaceuticals And Biologics
The government is always looking for novel ways to improve the health care system and make it more efficient and look for better ways to help people who arent getting the care they need.
An example of this is when J& J partnered with the U.S. government with a $1 billion investment to speed up the vaccines development and production even before proving its effectiveness.
The world has all kinds of businesses that are interesting for winning government contracts. No matter how big or small companies are, they can choose to bid on government contracts if they are interested in conducting business with the government.
Business owners find this process very beneficial, as they can quickly make a lot of money. The federal government is one of the biggest purchasers in the country, so if a company wants to increase its revenue streams, it could look into bidding on government contracts.
Webinars And Training Events
Educational, fast-paced, high-energy and packed with techniques and strategies.
Each month you will have access to a webcast focused on essential techniques and strategies for accelerating your business and winning government contracts. These sessions, highly educational and thought-provoking, are consistently rated as one of the strongest sessions at national government conferences.
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Training Videos On Government Sales
On Demand. Anytime. Any Place. Any Device.
Most of us learn by seeing and hearing. The on-demand video training helps define the overarching objective of the Federal Access Platform to educate, accelerate, and help you maximize revenue. These videos are professionally developed to create value through teaching, social, and professional engagement. You dont have to schedule a trip to Washington DC for training or spend thousands of dollars going to conferences just for training. These videos provide maximum value and allow you to train when and where you want.
Dynamic Small Business Search
BidSync Links Bid Notification System
Approximately one-quarter of all federal contracts are set aside each year for small businesses. The DSBS is maintained by the Small Business Administration . The DSBS is free to use and allows small businesses to access a list of federal contracts specifically set aside for small businesses.
In addition to meeting the numerical requirements to qualify as a small business, a company must also meet the other general requirements to qualify are federal contracts that aside for small businesses. Those qualifications are:
· The company must be a for-profit business
· The company must be independently owned and operated
· The company cannot dominate the field nationally for its particular product or service and,
· The company must be physically located and operate within the United States or one of its territories.
Approximately one-quarter of all federal contracts are set aside each year for small businesses.
Also Check: How To Sign Up For Government Healthcare
Federal Government Procurement Programs And Resources
beta.sam.gov — This site is the official source for Federal Government Contracting Opportunities. Anyone interested in doing business with the government can use this system to research active opportunities.
The System for Award Management is an official website of the U.S. government. There is no cost to use SAM. You can use this site for FREE to:
Register to do business with the U.S. government
Update or renew your entity registration
Check status of an entity registration
Search for entity registration and exclusion records
GSA's Federal Supply Schedules also known as Multiple Award Schedules , are contracts that allow federal customers to acquire more than 4 million services and products directly from more than 8,600 commercial suppliers. Under the schedules program, GSA enters into contracts with commercial firms to provide supplies and services at stated prices for given periods of time.
The Small Business Administrations Government Contracting Programs to assist small, woman, minority and veteran-owned and disadvantaged business owners obtain or increase government contracts.
Find Federal Goverment Contracting Opportunities
The Maryland Department of Commerce has a directory of profiles for federal agencies with headquarters or major operations in Maryland. Explore this resource to:
Understand missions and facility locations
Learn how to do business with the agency
Access procurement forecasts
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Strategy Playbook Market Updates
A video blog with your cup of coffee.
Weekly 5 minute business and market updates for tips and strategies for winning government contracts.
Topics include small business regulations, how to prepare for upcoming conferences, teaming recommendations, and much more.
The Strategy Playbook is the first resource you see every time you log into the Federal Access portal.
The Government Sales Manual
Comprehensive 450+ pages of techniques and strategies for government capture management, sales, marketing, teaming and proposal differentiation. Developed for businesses from start-up to $50 million annual revenue. This is not a book but a manual that outlines every core concept required to successfully market and sell to the federal government.
Basic and Advanced Strategies for Winning Government Contracts.
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The Government Sales Manual provides extensive detail on techniques and strategies to improve your prospecting, synchronize sales activities, and generate revenue. It is designed to educate you not only on the market but the internal business strategies you need to accelerate marketing, sales, and proposal efforts.
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Game Changers For Government Contractors
The leading podcast for government contractors in the United States. Weekly interviews with leading market experts and thought leaders providing game-changing advice on how to win government contracts.
We interview industry experts from across the nation to provide you with Game Changing recommendations, techniques, and strategies on how to improve your business and win new government contracts.
What Are Government Contracts
They are legal agreements between a government agency and a contractor that obligates the government agency to pay for goods or services. Once the contract is awarded, the business must fulfill its part of the deal according to the terms of the agreement.
There are two types of government contracts:
Prime contracts are entered into between the government and a prime contractor. This is where the governments goods or services will be delivered and where it directs most of its oversight efforts.
Subcontracts are agreements between prime contractors and subcontractors who provide goods or services to fulfill their obligations under the prime contract.
Read Also: Government Jobs For 17 Year Olds
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Wroclaw is a destination that you can visit throughout the year. There is always something to see and do in Wroclaw. This city is both safe (we never felt as safe during a press trip in Europe as in Wroclaw) but also lively and dynamic.
It's impossible to get bored in Wroclaw! If you want to make the most of your trip to Wroclaw, choose your favourite events and plan your trip to the best destination in Europe by booking your hotel and plane ticket at the best price.
The New Horizons International Film Festival takes place every year in July in Wroclaw; it will soon celebrate its 20th anniversary .This festival has gained international fame thanks to its unique selection of high quality films and is certainly the best film festival in Poland. It is the favourite festival for lovers of artistic films.
More information about this festival is available on "New Horizons" cinema 's website and on Visit Wroclaw's website.
There is a variety of amazing beers in Wroclaw's bars ; they are often local and brewed in the area. No wonder that this city hosts one of the biggest beer festivals in Europe. Enjoy the best Polish beers, but also those from around the world at the Wroclaw Good Beer Festival.
Take the opportunity to discover the Wroclaw Stadium where this event is held.


text:
Ace of the Dragon Division Chapter 320.1
Chapter 320: People of the Supercar Club Came (Part one)
Young Master Zhang led his friends to Room 88 and asked the bros that were already inside, "Why didn't you guys go to Room 888 today?"
The other young masters playing cards inside said, "Someone already booked it."
Young Master Zhang snorted, "Today's so unlucky."
Young Master Zhang: "I don't know what's the occasion tonight, this night club actually has so many people that I couldn't even find a spot to park. And the boss here is so facking slow with his brain that he didn't think of reserving a spot for me. And there was even a parking spot that was occupied by a Santana. Isn't that a big slap to my face? I told the staff to move that car out of the way for me, and they refused, so I just ran it open."
"That's really your usual style, but aren't you afraid that the owner might look for trouble?"
"He has the guts to?" Young Master Zhang sneered. "Just that s--t car, I can just throw a hundred thousand yuan at him and he will even thank me. He drove such a pile of junk yet he still comes to this place, what's up with that? I was already scolded by my old man earlier today, I'm still angry right now."
Just as he finished saying, someone knocked on their room's door.
The waiter poked his head in and asked, "You-young Master Zhang, the owner of the car you just bumped wants you to come out."
The other guys all felt like there was going to be a good show.
"You didn't tell him it was me, Zhang Tianyou that facked up his car?"
"I told him! I said it was you, Young Master Zhang, but he insisted on having me get you out."
"Aiyo, has this guy not heard of me or something?" Zhang Tianyou snorted.
"He's probably someone from outside the city. Should we all go down together? I haven't beaten up someone in a long time."
Zhang Tianyou laughed. "I guess he's begging me to teach him a lesson. Alright then, come on, let's go."
Zhang Tianyou immediately pushed the waiter out of the way as 7 other rich heirs followed him down the stairs.
Xu Cheng waited for him on the side of his Bugatti Veyron.
(TL Note: Yeah the guy's dumb, crashing a sh!tbox with a Bugatti)
Zhang Tianyou came over to him and asked, annoyed, "How much do you need me to compensate you? Just tell me. Also, remember next time to not drive this kind of car to dirty my eyes."
Xu Cheng didn't respond to his question at all. He directly pointed at the Bugatti and asked, "This car's yours, right?"
Zhang Tianyou nodded. "What do you want to do? Move your hand. You won't even be able to afford the paint job if you scratch it."
Xu Cheng suddenly raised his fist and let it drop down on the front cover of the supercar!
The front of the car immediately caved downward and was deformed. Then, Xu Cheng raised his fist and slammed down again.
The front cover was smashed open, and a hole appeared. Xu Cheng reached in and forcefully pulled up, directly pulling the front cover off of the car. Then, he stomped on the most expensive part of the vehicle, which was its engine, and the aluminum alloy engine directly became a piece of junk and began giving off sparks. He even pulled out all the wires and pipes, and he was still not done. He then walked around the car and shattered the windows on both sides. Finally, he rammed his foot against the butt of the car, and the car directly moved forward and ran into the wall.
After doing all that, he looked at Zhang Tianyou and said, "I don't plan on paying you back a cent!"
Zhang Tianyou and his bros were all dumbfounded.
Zhang Tianyou was especially shocked. Seeing how his 20-million-yuan supercar had now become a piece of junk, he was obviously furious. "I'm going to [email protected] you up!"
But just as he finished shouting, Xu Cheng's foot had already arrived at his stomach and sent him flying for a dozen meters before landing. Then, Xu Cheng went up and grabbed him by the collar and slapped him in the face. "Since your mom didn't teach you good manners, then let me do it!"


Shortly after last year's announcement of a $9.4 billion deal to combine the Sainsbury's supermarket group that he runs with rival Asda, boss Mike Coupe was caught on camera singing "We're in the money".
Not so fast, some competition lawyers, analysts and rivals warn, ahead of a provisional regulatory ruling due in the coming weeks on a deal that could create Britain's largest retailer, with annual sales of about £51 billion ($66 billion).
Recent decisions by the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) suggest it won't shy away from intervention, they say, and some conditions it could apply may prove too costly to make a deal worthwhile.
Coupe and Roger Burnley, chief executive of Walmart owned Asda, have said they do not expect the CMA to make the deal unpalatable. The regulator is due to publish its final report in early March, although it could be delayed until the end of April.
Sainsbury's and Asda say they will lower prices on "everyday items" by around 10%, financed by cost savings from big multi-national suppliers.
"Other than Sainsbury's and Asda, it is hard to think of anyone involved in the industry that is publicly stating this takeover is not against the public interest," said HSBC analyst David McCarthy.
Failure to secure the takeover would deal a major blow to Sainsbury's efforts to prosper in the face of growing competition from discounters and online players, and would block one potential exit route from Britain for Walmart.
But a source with knowledge of the two firms' thinking told Reuters a figure "into the hundreds" could scupper it.
Some analysts also drew negative inference from Sainsbury's and Asda's pre-Christmas clash with the CMA over its refusal to give them more time to respond to evidence, a row that went to court.
And some of the CMA's recent dealings have pointed to more intervention following a period where the perception was of a more hands-off approach.
That perception was underscored by its unconditional clearance of Tesco's takeover of wholesaler Booker in 2017, a decision that confounded most expectations.
But last year, the CMA indicated it may block credit data company Experian's takeover of rival ClearScore, and took PayPal's $2.2 billion takeover of Swedish financial tech firm iZettle to an extended probe.
"There's a real sense with Tyrie's arrival the CMA want to prove that they've got teeth," said one competition lawyer, who declined to be named. "They can block it by asking for a disproportionately large number of stores being divested."
Since Coupe became CEO in 2014, Sainsbury's has reported just one year of profit growth.
Subject to required store disposals, the combined group would become Britain's biggest retailer, leapfrogging Tesco with a market share of more than 31% and a workforce of 330,000. Tesco has 27.8%, Sainsbury's 16.2%, Asda 15.2% and Morrisons 10.6%, according to data from researcher Kantar Worldpanel.
German-owned discount groups Aldi and Lidl, with a total UK grocery market share of 12.8%, will be included in the CMA's assessment.
If the regulator considers them powerful enough to prevent the merged group from hiking prices, that would work in favour of the acquisition.
"If the discounters are excluded (not considered mainstream competitors) then Sainsbury's and Asda have got a real difficulty," said a senior UK grocery industry executive, who asked not to be named.
Sainsbury's and Asda argue the discounters have an influence on how supermarkets of any size trade.
"For Aldi not to be a consideration in the market would be insane on the basis they've got a bigger own-brand business than we do," said one Sainsbury's insider.
The CMA's initial investigation identified 463 local areas where Sainsbury's and Asda stores overlap, which, it said, threatened higher prices or a worse quality of service.
That methodology, used in the investigation into Tesco's bid for Booker, would take into account the impact of a broader range of competitors, including discounters. The CMA also decides the inputs to the methodology.
"If you want to be interventionist there's plenty of scope to do so in devising both your formula but also in some of the assumptions you feed into it," said the competition lawyer.
"There is no doubt whatsoever that 10% reduction won't come from your Procter & Gamble, your Kellogg's, your Coca-Cola; that will come from medium-sized to small-sized suppliers," said the senior grocery industry executive.
Since then he has become convinced an acquisition is the best way to survive the new climate, and has said he will go to court if any unfavourable ruling is not backed up by evidence.
Securing Asda would be the crowning moment of the 58-year old's career, which has included stints at Asda itself, Unilever, Tesco and Iceland.
Failure would raise questions about Sainsbury's strategy and Coupe's job could be in peril, analysts said. With one exit route blocked, Walmart might consider a stock market listing of Asda.


Benefits are given of lvoing for the sake of allah.
Lecture details the envy amongst the scholars.
Allah says he will test us. This section speaks of how to handle the trials of life.
Best of Shaikh Khalid Yasin deutsch with german translation.
تقرير : صالح السقاف تاريخ بث التقرير : 23.9.2008 في خطوة لبناء جسور التقارب والتعارف بين الأستراليين عامة، انتهجت كلية الرسالة الإسلامية في سيدني نهجاً للدعوة خلال شهر رمضان يركز على الإدراك الحسي في التعرف على الإسلام، من خلال التسابيح والابتهالات الدينية. وقد لقي هذا النهج إقبالاً كبيراً من المسلمين وغيرالمسلمين.
One of the most beautiful things about the concept of worship in Islaam is the truly unique way in which it incorporates the feeling of love, fear and hope within the hearts of the worshippers of Allaah. Understanding how to combine these three qualities into the worship of Allaah is one of the most essential things that every Muslim must grasp. Join Sunnahfollowers.net for more online classes.


Frank Marcangelo, owner of The Bridge cafe. All photos by the author.
For ten years, The Bridge cafe has been where losing teams from Alan Sugar's reality competition go to nurse mugs of builders' tea and talk (argue) about where it all went wrong.
In the far clutches of West London, on the residential side of a bridge that leads to a grey industrial estate, is a small cafe with a heavy blue door and barred windows. The place is called The Bridge, and the only reason you or I have heard of it is because it's where losers go to cry. Losers on TV show The Apprentice, that is. The normal customers might not have lost anything.
A group of Canadians have ventured out to West Acton to dine at The Bridge. They eat set breakfasts—two rashers of bacon, a sausage, one fried egg, beans or tomatoes, and tea or coffee—and recount awkward moments that have taken place within the cafe's whitewashed walls. They're among a number of The Apprentice super-fans eager to pay homage to the cult TV show, the contestants of which are the very antithesis—or at least, try to be—of a traditional greasy spoon. Their pink ties, neatly folded pocket squares, and formidably high heels look irregular amid plastic chairs and mugs of builders' tea.
Rita brings food to a customer at The Bridge cafe in West Acton, London. All photos by the author.
We're on series 13 of The Apprentice, the reality TV show that pits 18 often hapless would-be entrepreneurs against one another. The goal is to impress Lord Sugar and his fellow judges Karren Brady and Claude Littner—and, importantly, to avoid being "fired." At stake? A wedge of dosh and some sort of business partnership with the self-made millionaire.
One of the programme's major features is group tasks. For example, in the first episode of the current series, participants were asked to create and sell burgers. All the more amusing then when the losing team (the men, it was a classic battle of the genders), had to slump on seats at The Bridge cafe, observing how genuinely scalable food is prepared and sold. The Bridge, owned by brothers Frank and Jerry Marcangelo, has been running for 55 years, which is an exceedingly long time in hospitality. For the last ten years, the cafe has been used as a place of reflection and fiery debate (well, arguing) for the team Lord Sugar deems a failure. It was chosen by producers because it's round the corner from where the show is filmed.
A regular customer enjoying lunch.
"I don't really watch it," Frank tells me. "I see bits of it. We were asked to do it as we're close to the studios. They [the producers] can be here in minutes. There used to be more of them [studios] here. It's quite entertaining listening to them all talk, it can get pretty heated, but I don't pay all that much attention. I just let them get on with it. We're not open when they come in for shoots. They come in after lunch, so it doesn't affect trade."
I'm not the first to ask whether The Apprentice contestants actually eat anything. Apparently the answer is no, no they do not.
"None of them eat anything really. They have tea and coffee, maybe a bit of cake. But none of them have bacon sandwiches or anything like that. They just get on with the 'discussions,'" Frank adds.
He tells me that it's fun to be a part of the show, and welcomes fans who might not otherwise set foot in The Bridge. But, interestingly, the alliance with the BBC hit doesn't do all that much for the tills.
"We used to be a lot busier—there were more businesses around here," Frank says. "We used to get all the Murphy boys in. It's not bad or anything, but in the '60s and '70s we sold more breakfasts and everything. There were just more people about."
It's neither particularly busy nor particularly quiet when I visit on Thursday lunch time. A few builders come and go, a large man with spectacles reads a paper and has a Big Boy Breakfast (two of everything, three bits of bacon), and a couple of Irish regulars talk to Frank. They've been coming since the place opened. When it did, Frank was just 16. He comes from a family of cafe owners. His grandfather came to the UK from Italy in 1900.
"My dad bought me and Jerry the cafe. I was born round the corner. My grandfather ran cafes, as did my dad. So it's a family thing. It's all we know. We do cooked breakfasts, sandwiches, that sort of thing. Jacket potatoes, you know. I'm getting a bit old now. I'm 71. But we go along."
Ham, egg, and chips with a mug of builders' tea.
Rita brings me my lunch: a tidy plate of ham, egg, and chips, which is a massively underrated dish by all accounts, I think. The ham is pleasant, the egg a little anaemic, but tastes quite good, and the chips are of the thick, very golden, very delicious variety. The sort you get in country pubs. My mug of tea is scorching hot—if you know, you know.
Frank has to dash off for a hospital check-up (he has a metal knee cap) and lunch time at the cafe is winding down. One of the Irish customers asks not to be named, but tells me that he's 70 and has been visiting The Bridge since it opened.
"I worked around here for many years, so came every day," he says. "Now it's habit. I like it. The food is good, right, and everyone is good here. I don't watch The Apprentice. I don't really know what it is."


text:
Q: How to aggregarte(make in Group) Enum constants with Amount I have a enumeration which contains a large list of constants.I am showing here two constant data.
public enum PaymentType implements BaseEnum{
CASH(1, "Cash", "PaymentType.cash"),
CREDIT(2, "Credit Card", "PaymentType.credit");

Now I have a Payment Array. Payment array has PaymentTypes. So I am trying to aggregarte PaymentType using Amount. Grouping PaymentType with Amount. I used below code and it is working. But I have a large list of constants so i do not want to write hardcoded. can we have a logic which will aggregarte them.
for(Payment pay:payments){

        if(pay.getType().getCode() == PaymentType.CASH.getCode()){
            totalCash += payment.getAmount();
        } else
            if(pay.getType().getCode() == PaymentType.CREDIT.getCode()){
                totalCredit += payment.getAmount();
            }
    }

Output:-
 Cash $500
 Credit $1000

Thanks

A: For a arbitrary number of groupings, use a Map. In your case, the keys are enums, so use an EnumMap.
I'll assume that amount is a BigDecimal, since double is a bad choice for currency values (precision/rounding issues).
EnumMap<PaymentType, BigDecimal> totals = new EnumMap<>(PaymentType.class);
for (Payment payment : payments) {
    BigDecimal total = totals.get(payment.getType());
    total = (total == null ? payment.getAmount() : total.add(payment.getAmount()));
    totals.put(payment.getType(), total);
}

You can now get the total for any enum:
BigDecimal cashTotal = totals.get(PaymentType.CASH);

Value will be null if no payments of that type was found. If you want a zero value, use:
// Any Java version
BigDecimal cashTotal = totals.get(PaymentType.CASH);
if (cashTotal == null)
    cashTotal = BigDecimal.ZERO;

// Java 8+
BigDecimal cashTotal = totals.getOrDefault(PaymentType.CASH, BigDecimal.ZERO);

Update
Using double is very similar:
// Summarize
EnumMap<PaymentType, Double> totals = new EnumMap<>(PaymentType.class);
for (Payment payment : payments) {
    Double total = totals.get(payment.getType());
    total = (total == null ? payment.getAmount() : total.doubleValue() + payment.getAmount());
    totals.put(payment.getType(), total);
}

// Without autoboxing
    total = Double.valueOf(total == null ? payment.getAmount() : total.doubleValue() + payment.getAmount());

// Get total
Double totalObj = totals.get(PaymentType.CASH);
double cashTotal = (totalObj != null ? totalObj.doubleValue() : 0d);

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