text:
Presence, the exhibition by Daan Roosegaarde, is a call to action to save the planet
At the Groninger Museum, the Dutch artist has opened an exhibition that activates with the presence and interaction of the public. Beginning with the concept of ecological footprint, five installations reveal the impact of human beings on the planet.
Daan Roosegaarde. Presence
In the first room, blue light appears to be scanning the space and the visitors continuously, like a copier. Whenever the light is blocked, it leaves prints or traces on the light-sensitive oor.
Photo Pim Hendriksen
Daan Roosegaarde. "Presence", Groninger Museum
The grid pattern with massive rectangular blocks in the rst room is inspired by paintings by Mondrian and the austere layout of the Dutch landscape. Blue light appears to be scanning the space and the visitors continuously, like a copier. Whenever the light is blocked, it leaves prints or traces on the light-sensitive floor.
Photo Peter Tahl
Daan Roosegaarde in the "scan room"
Detail of the scan room
Loosely inspired by the mini- malism of light artist James Turrell, this work comprises nothing but the visitors and the room, with the room taking pictures of the visitors rather than the other way around.
To avoid reducing people to brains with eyes, "Presence" works with basic physical principles rather than with screens or sensors. The body as a whole functions as an interface between visitors and the world and all of their senses as well as sensorimotor capacities are involved.
Looking, feeling, hiding, rolling, pushing, sitting or, if push comes to shove, lying down are all within the bounds of possibility.
The room that visitors may well experience as the most demanding is completely empty, like a white cube. Loosely inspired by the minimalism of light artist James Turrell, this work comprises nothing but the visitors and the room, with the room taking pictures of the visitors rather than the other way around.
The second room is a bit like a dark room. Walls and floor are photosensitive and a flash, which is triggered at regular intervals, prints the image of the visitors.
The second room is a bit like a dark room, where walls and floor are photosensitive. It shows very directly that we have a relationship with the world around us.
The second room is a large empty room where, at regular intervals, there is a flash that impresses you, or your trace, on photosensitive walls or floor.
Daan Roosegaarde in the second room, which acts like a darkroom.
Photo Sije Kingma
In the third room, the wind gives shape to an installation of very light micro-balls that cover the floor. They are made from a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
The third room might look like the landscape from another planet. It is a landscape constantly changing, because its shape depends on the actions of visitors.
In the third room, the floor is covered by thousands of micro-balls made of a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
Daan Roosegaarde explains: "This installation required two years of work and several prototypes, engineering, research on materials. We wanted to create something intimate and personal. High-tech but also human. We worked with the idea of creating a landscape, a map of the world yet to be discovered. Is it a landscape of Mars or is it just a playground? There are different levels of reading. And while we worked on it, poetry came".
In the third room is the wind that gives shape to thousands of very light micro-balls covering the floor. They are made from a biodegradable polymer coated with a photoluminescent substance.
Large photoluminescent spheres dominate the fourth room, the color "loads" them and shows our imprint.
The fourth space contains spherical objects and behaves like a kind of freestyle planetarium in which visitors can build their own solar system.
Presence can also be understood as an unex- pected and exciting means to shake up and enlarge the framework in which people's activities and thoughts take place, even if it's only for
a little while.
Daan Roosegaarde knows that he can raise people's awareness by immersing them in visualizations and stories that touch them emotionally and make them realize how precious and vulnerable the earth and therefore they themselves are.
Another important artistic in uence was the land and environmental art of the 1960s and 1970s, for example that of Michael Heizer, Walter De Maria and Robert Smithson.
In the last room, the so-called Lolas are little transparent spheres that, like some kind of intriguing organisms, draw phosphorescent lines reminiscent of cave drawings or perhaps the secret writing of artist Cy Twombly.
Photo Wim te Brake
In the last room, there are 25-30 balls with a light source inside. If you move them, they create light patterns on the floor. You create the landscape.
Presence is an invitation to break with the role of the civilized museum visitor and enter into a di erent relationship with the work by intervening.
Visitors change from spectators into makers and from makers into parts of the installa- tion that are subsequently looked at by other visitors.
"I wanted to create a place where you feel connected," says Roosegaarde, "You make the work and the work makes you."
View Article details
Elena Sommariva
Pim Hendriksen
Peter Tahl
Sije Kingma
Daan Roosegaarde
Felix Kops
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Eight hundred square metres of "dream landscape", where it is the visitors that create the works of art. With these words, Daan Roosegaarde – Dutch artist, architect and inventive genius based in Rotterdam – introduces "Presence", his first large-scale exhibition that opened on 22 June in Groningen, 150 km north of Amsterdam. "The greatest challenge was to dominate the technology in such a way as to bring out the poetry", he explained. Therefore there are no dimmers, cables, screens or projections. No special effects or spectacular installations. The only source of wonder is a slender beam of light in the darkness. Innovative materials and principles of physics are the only ingredients of the installations, the result of close collaboration between the designer and engineers.
The exhibition is the result of three years of work, which saw the Rotterdam studio involved in design, research, testing and prototypes, and presents a concept that is radically new from a number of points of view. The first revolution with respect to a traditional exhibition layout is that without visitors, the exhibition does not work. It is activated by the presence of people. By moving within the five rooms and, above all, by having an open, curious and active attitude, the visitors become the authors of the works.
The first revolution with respect to a traditional exhibition layout is that without visitors, the exhibition does not work.
"Presence" has another no-less important social meaning. The exhibition, curated by Mark Wilson and Sue-an van der Zijpp, is inspired by the concept of the ecological foot print and climate change. Each room shows the impact that every one of us has on the world that surrounds us, the mark that each of us leaves behind. "This exhibition", explains Roosegaarde "is a call to action". The aim is to reveal in a tangible and absorbing way the impact of the presence of human beings on the planet. During the exhibition, visitors are repeatedly invited to leave a trace, but also to reflect on these traces.
There is total freedom. The only sign is to be found at the beginning of the exhibition, and it was designed by the Dutch firm: it shows an open palm, indicating "Please touch". Accompanied by a short introductory text, it is the only indication for the visit that follows. Even the signs marking the emergency exits have been eliminated. They were too bright for the entirely photo-sensitive rooms.
From the first room, where a beam of light scans people, visitors pass to a kind of camera obscura, where people are observed and photographed by the work, and not - as is usually the case - the reverse. The fun begins in the third room. The floor is covered with thousands of extremely light micro-spheres made of a biodegradable polymer coated in a photoluminescent substance and held in place by fans set on the walls. Is it an alien landscape or a playground? In both cases, its form depends on us. The fourth room is invaded with giant photoluminescent globes that react on contact and show our handprints, but the last room is the real play area. Around thirty luminous balls - kicked, pushed and accompanied - create a beautiful light landscape on a completely photosensitive floor.
"There are no passengers on spaceship earth. We are all crew". The famous phrase by Marshall McLuhan, used by Roosegaarde on various occasions in his conferences, concludes and sums up the essence of the exhibition.
It is the first time that the artist – known for his audacious projects in public urban space, such as the smog-eating tower (Smog Free Tower in Beijing), a luminous cycle path (the Van Gogh Path in Nuenen, the birthplace of the painter), an installation made of 60 backlit buildings that are illuminated by the headlights of passing cars (Gates of Light, at the entrance to the town of Afsluitdijk) – takes on an internal space.
"Some rooms seem to have been designed for future life on another planet. It takes me back to the sixties and seventies, when groups such as Archigram, Superstudio and Smithson tried to imagine what shape the future would take. I hope that this exhibition recreates that desire", explains Roosegaarde.
There are no passengers on spaceship earth. We are all crew. The famous phrase by Marshall McLuhan concludes and sums up the essence of the exhibition.
Such a tactile exhibition also creates a number of practical challenges, as everything needs to be continuously cleaned. "This reminds me of Gerrit Rietveld", Roosegaarde continues, "When he designed his house in Utrecht, all yellow, red and blue, he realised that the yellow door handle to the kitchen quickly got dirty, and so he repainted it blue. But by doing so, he changed the entire composition. If one is practical, but in an extreme manner, then practicality becomes poetry. Once the exhibition is over, we can create new rooms based on what we have learned from the reaction of the visitors".
Was it difficult to convince the museum to invest on such an unusual exhibition? He is quick to answer: "The Groninger Museum, due to is decentralised position with respect to Amsterdam, needs to make radical statements. It has a long history of bold exhibitions. The David Bowie exhibition, for example, was created here, to then move to the V&A in London. This is why they always allow particular freedom. This exhibition would never have been possible in any other museum".
Exhibition title:
Opening dates:
22 June 2019 – 12 January 2020
Curators:
Mark Wilson, Sue-an van der Zijpp
Museumeiland 1, Groningen
Latest on Design
Latest on Domus


Dystrophies is an acceptable word in Scrabble with 20 points. Dystrophies is an accepted word in Word with Friends having 19 points. Dystrophies is a 11 letter long Word starting with D and ending with S. Below are Total 984 words made out of this word.
Note There are 3 vowel letters and 8 consonant letters in the word dystrophies. D is 4th, Y is 25th, S is 19th, T is 20th, R is 18th, O is 15th, P is 16th, H is 8th, I is 9th, E is 5th, Letter of Alphabet series.


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Tag Archives: radio
The Beatles' "Love Me Do": The Single That Announced The Fab Four to the World
Early Beatles circa 1962
Fun Facts About the Beatles' "Love Me Do"
Written by: Paul McCartney (credited as Lennon-McCartney)
Recorded: September 4th and 11th, 1962 (Studio 2, Abbey Road Studios, London, England)
Takes: 33
Musicians: Paul McCartney: lead vocal, bass guitar (1961 Hofner 500/1)
John Lennon: harmonica, rhythm guitar, backing vocals (Gibson J160E)
George Harrison: acoustic guitar, backing vocals
Ringo Starr: drums (version 1), tambourine (version 2)
Alan White: drums (version 2)
First released: October 5th, 1962 (UK: Parlophone 45-R 4949) version 1; April 27th, 1964 (US: Tollie 9008) version 2
Available on: Past Masters, Volume 1, (Parlophone CDP 90043-2)version 1 Please Please Me, (UK: Parlophone CDP7 46435-2; US: Capitol CLJ 46435) version 2
Highest chart position: 17 (UK: December 27, 1962), 1 (1 week) (US: May 30, 1964)
Live versions: February 20, 1963, for BBC radio's Parade Of The Pops.
BBC versions: Eight (for the BBC radio programs Here We Go, Talent Spot, Saturday Club, Side By Side, Pop Go The Beatles, and Easy Beat.
An attempt at a straight blues that dates all the way back to the Quarrymen days of 1958.
Originally, the song was sung as a Everly Brothers-style duet, with John taking the solo "Love Me Do" at the end of each verse. However, John decided to add harmonica to the song at some point, having been directly inspired by Bruce Channel's recent hit "Hey Baby." Since he couldn't play the harmonica riff and sing the last line of verse at the time, producer George Martin ordered Paul to do it instead, on the spot. You can hear the nervousness in his shaky spotlight.
There are two versions of this song. Version 1 features Ringo on drums and was recorded first. When the Beatles reconvened to cut the song again on September 11, 1962, however, producer George Martin, still unsure of the new kid Ringo's ability, substituted session drummer Alan White. This "version 2," on which Ringo merely plays a tambourine, remains the best-known (and, frankly, better quality) version: it was released as a single in the US, as opposed to the original single in the UK, which was taken from version 1 (although subsequent UK pressings used version 2). Version 2 was also kept off the Please Please Me album in favor of 1, although Martin claims this was probably not done on purpose.
Although this was never a favorite among most Beatles fans, John and Paul have both stood by the song in interviews.
This song was actually recorded first on June 6, 1962 during the group's first audition with EMI. At that time, Pete Best was still the drummer. This version, thought lost for years, turned up in George Martin's home and can no be found on the CDAnthology 1 (Apple 34445).
George Martin originally wanted the band's first single to be an outside composition called "How Do You Do It," but although the band recorded it, they eventually won the right to release this instead. Gerry and the Pacemakers later had a hit with a cover of "How Do You Do It" modeled very closely after the Beatles' version.
Rumor has been spread for years that this, the Beatles' first UK single, only made it onto the charts because manager Brian Epstein personally purchased 10,000 copies of it. No evidence of this has ever been found, however, and John Lennon, for one, has publicly branded the rumor as false.
This song was reissued as a single in the UK in 1984, and this time climbed to #4.
Video: The Beatles: Love Me Do
Special thanks to www.about.com
Filed under Entertainment, Music
Tagged as 1961 Hofner 500/1, Abbey Road, Abbey Road Studio, acoustic guitar, Alan White, backing vocal, bass, bass guitar, BBC, Beatles, Brian Epstein, Bruce Channel, Capitol, Capitol CLJ 46435, chart, chart position, drum, drums, Easy Beat, England, Everly Brothers, fan, Focus, George, George Harrison, George Martin, Gerry and the Pacemakers, Gibson, Gibson J160E, guitar, harmonica, Here We Go, Hey Baby, Hofner, How Do You Do It, interview, John, John Lennon, lead vocal, Lennon-McCartney, London, Love Me Do, music, Parade Of The Pops, Parlophone, Parlophone 45-R 4949, Parlophone CDP 90043-2, Parlophone CDP7 46435-2, Past Masters, Paul, Paul McCartney, Please Please Me, pop, Pop Go The Beatles, pop music, Quarrymen, radio, reissue, release, rhythm guitar, Ringo, Ringo Starr, rock, rock 'n roll, rock music, rumor, Saturday Club, session, Side By Side, single, song, Talent Spot, tambourine, The Beatles, Tollie, Tollie 9008, UK, version, vocal
Howard Cosell: One-time Lawyer Turned Sportscasting Legend
Fun Facts About Howard Cosell
Howard Cosell was a legendary American sports journalist, who actually made sports speak. A lawyer by profession but a sports journalist by choice, Howard Williams Cosell was born on 25th March, 1918. For Howard, Jackie Robinson was the major source of inspiration.
He was born in North Carolina but grew up in Brooklyn. Very early in his life his parents, mother Nellie and father Isidore, made it very clear to him that they want him to be a lawyer later in his life. For achieving the same goal, he first graduated in English from New York University. After getting his degree in English, he attended the School of Law at the University of New York and eventually earned his degree.
In 1941, Cosell joined the state bar of New York. When the United States of America fought during World War II, he joined the Army Transportation Corp. While there, Cosell was quickly promoted to the grade of Major. At that point, Cosell was the youngest cadet to become a major. Soon after the conclusion of the war, Cosell decided to practice law. He chose Manhattan to begin a practice in Union Law, and among the list of his clients were very famous actors and sportspeople, such as Willie Mays.
He soon came to realize that his true calling in life was sports commentary after hosting the Little League for over 3 years and he decided to leave Law for once and for all by pursuing broadcasting as a career.
Cosell with Muhammad Ali
He was asked by Robert Pauley to get sponsorship if he wanted a show weekly on ABC Radio. He surprised Pauley by getting sponsorship from his relative and Pauley gave him a show. In time, he would become a prominent personality on television, yet he never stopped working on radio. His popularity reached its zenith when he covered Muhammad Ali. Cosell was famous for narrating the facts 'As it is like' and his sense of style and facts actually changed the entire sports broadcasting industry. Unlike other reporters, Howard always involved a bit of intellectualism in his commentary and thus was able to give his personal analysis on the game instantly.
In 1970, the executive producer of ABC Sports hired Cosell a a commentator for Monday Night Football. Above and beyond Monday Night Football, Howard was also one of the commentators when ABC broadcast the Olympics. Cosell lent his voice to many other sports related shows on ABC. His colorful aura and idiosyncratic voice, is known, admired and remembered even today.
After a 14 year run, Howard Cosell retired from "Monday Night Football" on December 14th, 1984.
He got married in 1944 to Mary Abrams. Mary died in 1990 and Howard after the demise of his beloved wife, was seen only a few times in public. After 4 years, in 1995 Cosell also died due to heart embolism.
Special thanks to www.livetvcenter.com
Filed under Entertainment, Sports, Television
Tagged as ABC, ABC Radio, ABC Sports, actor, actors, American, Army Transportation Corp, As it is like, bar, broadcast, broadcasting, Brooklyn, cadet, commentator, Cosell, degree, English, football, game, heart embolism, Howard Cosell, Howard Williams Cosell, intellectualism, Jackie Robinson, lawyer, Little League, Major, Manhattan, Mary Abrams, Monday Night Football, Muhammad Ali, NC, New York, New York University, North Carolina, NY, personal analysis, personality, practice, radio, Robert Pauley, School of Law, show, sponsorship, sportcaster, sports, sports broadcasting industry, sports commentary, sports journalist, sportscaster, sportscasting, sportspeople, state bar, state bar of New York, television, Union Law, United States of America, University of New York, voice, Willy Mays, World War II

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Kim Kardashian Executive Producing Beauty Blogger Reality Competition
A major cable television network has apparently picked up the new show.
By Rachel Brown on July 19, 2016
Casting-call announcement for beauty blogger reality competition executive produced by Kim Kardashian.
Is Kim Kardashian out to be the Heidi Klum of beauty?
When she's not feuding with Taylor Swift, Kanye West's wife is executive producing an upcoming reality competition program filled with beauty bloggers vying to become beauty director of the Kardashian apps. According to a casting-call announcement for the program first spotted by PopSugar, it's been picked up by a major cable television network and, in addition to Kardashian, is being spearheaded by the producers of the Bravo TV series "The Real Housewives of New York."
While it's unclear whether Kardashian will also host or judge the beauty blogger competition à la Klum on "Project Runway," it's clear she's an enormous draw for beauty bloggers hoping to be selected for the show. "We have got a huge response from bloggers," e-mailed a source involved in casting the show who declined to be named. "Everyone wants to be a part of the Kardashian empire. The chance to have a career with the biggest names in fashion and beauty is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and even the biggest beauty bloggers in the country know that."
Potential contestants can't post a YouTube how-to video today and expect to be chosen for the show. The source said, "They have to have a following and be known for their makeup skills and tutorials. Kim wants to know that whoever is competing could easily be a part of her glam squad." After all, it's anticipated the winner will create exclusive content and tutorials across Khloé, Kourtney and Kim Kardashian's apps, which the famous sisters partner on with digital media firm Whalerock Industries.
beauty	instagram	Kim Kardashian	makeup	Social Media	YouTube


Add a some cuddle buddies to your keys or backpack! These Star Wars: The Last Jedi Plush Key Chains each measure approximately 2 1/2-inches tall. Each plush comes in a blind bag so you can hunt and collect your favorites!
This Star Wars: The Last Jedi Plush Key Chain Display Case includes a total of 18 individually packaged plush key chains.


Can Technology Save the Construction Industry?
The shortage of skilled labor will be a continual concern of the construction industry especially for the next 3-5 years. Technology will play a key role in developing a new workforce and increasing efficiency in product delivery.
Various initiatives and programs have been started from coast-to-coast in this country in an attempt to balance out the inequities caused by urban sprawl. At the heart of most of these policies is an attempt to forge a partnership not only between the citizens of a community and the local government, but also to form alliances between various groups of the communities. The formation of such groups also transcends political lines in attempt to break down the barriers that urban sprawl has built.
Switching on lights with an app or watching the living room via a netcam is fascinating technology but it only scratches the surface of what is possible with a fully integrated home.


Nasir El-Rufai has opened up on the challenges of being the governor of Kaduna State but he is not giving up as he eyes a second term.
Kaduna state governor, Nasir El-Rufai says it is not easy to preside over the affairs of many people and that sometimes he feels like running away.
Governor El-Rufai who is seeking a second term in office, said this when he spoke at an election summit organised by the Kaduna State Peace Commission. He said he would accept defeat if he loses the 2019 governorship election, adding that he would be in a hurry to pack out of the government house.
"Let me first speak as the governorship candidate of the APC. Our party is committed to peace and peaceful elections. The political parties that merged into the APC were victims of rigged elections and the consequential violence that came with it.
"It is the rigging of elections that leads to violence. It was the massive rigging of the elections in 2011 that led yo the wide spread violence at that time and Kaduna state alone, lost over 800 lives.
"As the candidate of the APC, I am saying here and now that I am in a hurry to park out of the government house if the people do not vote for me. I will be the first to concede and I want to tell all that want to be governor that it is not an easy job… I want to run away.
Governor El-Rufai vowed to deal with anyone who promotes hate speech and religious sentiments on social media in the state.
"This is the biggest problem we are facing as a sitting government and I want to appeal to all of us politicians to reflect, think and desist from this because when you destroy lives by giving young people weapons and drugs for election purposes, what do you do with them after you win. They become a monster that is difficult to control. We have no thugs in the APC.
"All those that campaign with us, we try to empower them to be employed so that they will be off the street. These are very serious issues for us so I want to appeal to my colleagues to temper our language, because politics is not war.
"We are doing that vigorously; we do not care what people say.
"Anyone that comes to Kaduna and say something or even say it outside Kaduna and his house is not in Kaduna state, no matter who he is, whether he calls himself bishop or Imam or Sheikh, whether he calls himself chief or Hakimi, we will bring him to justice.
"We will arrest and bring him to Kaduna and prosecute him and we are on the trail of many of them that have insignificantly done this. Some in Abuja, some in Lagos, we will bring them to Kaduna and try them for incitement, for malicious falsehood, for hate speech. We are determined to do that and we will not politicise it because the protection of lives and property should never be politicise'' he said.


All of our hydraulic bracing and bracing strut ranges are available to download as REVIT families below. Intended for use in major basement propping schemes, the families allow you to model the framing requirements, check for clashes with the permanent structure and sequence the installation of the temporary works. All the families are Level 2 BIM compliant, complete with attributes such as weights and material properties. For an example of where we have used these families for BIM, please see the Drax Ecostore Case Study.
The bracing strut range are work plane based families, allowing them to be used as raking struts. For advice on the compatibility and suitability of our equipment, please seek guidance from our Technical File or design department.
Our REVIT families are continually being updated, if you would like to be notified by email when updates are made to this page then please register for updates.
Whilst MGF have made every effort to ensure validity of REVIT Families supplied, MGF cannot accept any liability whatsoever for their usage by a third party.


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layout: docs
title: Status badges
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# Status badges

A Project status badge is a dynamically generated image displaying the status of the last build. You can put a status badge on the home page of your GitHub project or intranet portal:

![Grunt status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva)

You can see a badge image URL and sample markup on the **Badges** tab of project settings. Badge URLs for both private and public projects contain a security token.

## Display badge for specific branch

The default badge URL you see on the Badges tab returns the status of the last build of *any branches*.

To display the status of a specific branch append `/branch/<branch-name>` to that URL, for example:

    https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva/branch/master

To link specific branch with the project add `/branch/<branch-name>` to project URL, for example:

    https://ci.appveyor.com/project/myaccount/myproject/branch/master

## Retina support

To get a hi-res badge image for retina displays append `retina=true` parameter to the badge image URL, as follows:

[https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?retina=true](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?retina=true)

![Grunt status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?retina=true)

## SVG badges

To get badge image in SVG format append `svg=true` parameter to the image URL:

[https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true)

![Grunt status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true)

and of course SVG badge could be easily scaled:

    <image src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true" width="300">

<image src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true" width="300">

### Customizing titles

You can customize SVG badge titles for *pending*, *failing* and *passing* states with `pendingText`, `failingText` and `passingText` query parameters respectively.

For example:

    https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true&passingText=master%20-%20OK

<image src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/32r7s2skrgm9ubva?svg=true&passingText=master%20-%20OK">

## Badges for projects with public repositories on GitHub and BitBucket

You can infer badge URL for **projects with public repositories**, well, provided there is only a single project with this repository in AppVeyor.

The format of badge status image URL:

    https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/{github|bitbucket}/{repository}

For example: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/gruntjs/grunt

Optional parameters:

- `branch={name}` - the name of branch to display status for;
- `retina=true` - status image scaled up for retina display;
- `svg=true` - status image in SVG format;

Example: [https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/gruntjs/grunt?branch=master&svg=true](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/gruntjs/grunt?branch=master&svg=true)

![Grunt status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/github/gruntjs/grunt?branch=master&svg=true)

**Note**: The `retina` and `svg` parameters are mutually exclusive; only the first parameter specified is used.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


What Kind of a Day Is Rosh HaShanah?
The dual meaning of the shofar is appropriate to a day that is both solemn and festive in mood. We feel sorrow and regret as we confront our failings, countered by relief and joy as we celebrate our ability to begin again.


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KingandWoodMallesonsAU / Project-DnA Public
Project DnA is about creating an architecture for smart contracts based on the principle that both digital terms and analogue terms should be integrated into a contract so that it is both easily administered and infinitely expressive
KingandWoodMallesonsAU/Project-DnA
Project DnA BAU Confirmation.pdf
Project DnA BPMN Processes.pdf
Project DnA Digital Terms
Project DnA IRS_Definitions.md
Project DnA Smart Contract Confirmation
DnA Contracts DnA is made up of two strands intertwined… The Digital Terms and the usual "life-cycle" of a contract The Analogue Terms and discretions A seamless bond A summary of our smart contract principles Contents of this repository 1. The "business as usual" interest rate swap confirmation 2. Our DnA Contract 2.1 The smart contract confirmation 2.2 The Analogue Terms 2.3 The Digital Terms 2.4 The Libraries 3. BPMN diagrams Turning legal code into Digital and Analogue Terms Step 1: Legal English Step 2: One function per line Step 3: Structured language Step 4: Now you're thinking with portals functions - pseudocode This is a soft uplift There are also hard uplifts For contributors Disclaimer
DnA Contracts
Project DnA is about creating an architecture for smart contracts based on the principle that both digital terms and analogue terms should be integrated into a contract so that it is both easily administered and infinitely expressive.
If this is your first time here, consider having a look at our alert or our "10 points on financial market smart contracts" found here.
DnA is made up of two strands intertwined…
We propose that a "smart" contract should be made up of a blend of computational code and human discretion to produce a single contract which has the best of both worlds. We refer to this architecture as "DnA". This means that there are two types of terms in a contract which wants to become "smart" - Digital Terms that can be efficiently automated through a software programe and Analogue Terms which cannot. The Digital Terms and Analogue Terms must fit together seamlessly, there must not be any gaps or inconsistencies. The Digital Terms and the Analogue Terms comprise one single "smart" contract - the DnA Contract.
The Digital Terms and the usual "life-cycle" of a contract
During the ordinary life-cycle of the contract, when nothing unpredictable is happening, most if not all of the performance of the contract can, in our view, be automated. We suggest that the provisions governing this "business as usual" scenario would all be contained in the Digital Terms. This creates a significant increase in efficiency compared to a "traditional" contract.
The Analogue Terms and discretions
There is so much complexity in the marketplace such that it is impossible to predict what will happen after the unpredictable happens. Human judgment is needed to assess an extraordinary range of possibilities, taking into account facts which are far beyond the scope of any contract. Attempting to codify such decisions would deprive the parties of a valuable right, as well as potentially draining an enormous amount of computer resources. In other words, it is just not efficient to try to turn a whole contract into computer code, unless it is truly very simple.
We believe that the most computationally elegant solution is to acknowledge the ability of human actors to make certain decisions better and more efficiently than computers, and, as such, to leave certain computations in their hands. We do this by dividing the computations into those automated by the Digital Terms and those too complex, infrequent or discretionary to be automated, which are placed in the Analogue Terms.
A seamless bond
The Digital Terms and the Analogue Terms handle distinct computations, and are designed together (rather than replicating existing legal contracts in smart contracts that don't acknowledge the legal agreements, but merely seek to enforce them). This means the two parts of the contract will not conflict by design - facilitating the benefits of a "smart" contract without the risk of complicating the legal framework through inconsistent terms.
A summary of our smart contract principles
The guiding principles on which we have based our smart contract architecture can be summarised as follows:
Smart contracts can be incredibly efficient ...
... but they aren't a solution for everything.
The Digital Terms need only govern the ordinary life cycle of contracts to be useful...
... and the Analogue Terms are necessary for the remainder of the legal relationship.
The Analogue Terms should not conflict with the Digital Terms by design...
... because the Analogue Terms and the Digital Terms should, together, form a single agreement.
A smart contract should have the flexibility to reflect the rights of the parties under "traditional" contracts.
Contents of this repository
This repository contains a number of explanatory documents for our DnA contract architecture, as well as an example of how the architecture could be applied to a simple interest rate swap. Specifically the repository contains the following:
a "BAU" interest rate swap confirmation, for use as a comparison;
a smart contract confirmation containing Analogue Terms and constituting a record of the terms of the example DnA interest rate swap;
a series of Digital Terms relating to the example DnA interest rate swap;
a sample library of IRS_Definitions housing certain of the functions used by each of the Digital Terms and the Analogue Terms when required; and
Diagrams modelled on Business Process and Modelling Notation setting out the operational flows of a traditional interest rate swap transaction, and how they would exist as a DnA Contract.
1. The "business as usual" interest rate swap confirmation
We provide this by way of context and present it in a format which is similar to that typically used for these types of financial markets transactions. As is commonly the case, it incorporates by reference a library of definitions.
Interest rate swaps already contain a high degree of standardisation and are well suited to a level of automation. Also, their existing document structure separates out most of the ordinary "life-cycle" (into the confirmation) from most of the "out of the ordinary" events (which are contained in a master agreement).
2. Our DnA Contract
We split the terms of the BAU confirmation into terms that are machine computable (the Digital Terms) and terms that are better left to human discretion (the Analogue Terms).
2.1 The smart contract confirmation
This document demonstrates how the Analogue Terms and Digital Terms work together to create a single transaction between the parties. You'll notice that this looks quite similar to the BAU confirmation. That is intentional - to allow the parties to process the transaction in the case of an uplift (see below) and as a record of the terms of the transaction for those unfamiliar with reading computing code.
However, you will notice a few key differences from the BAU confirmation:
The smart contract confirmation refers to the Digital Terms (and contain a hash of them);
The smart contract confirmation states that the Analogue Terms referred to in the confirmation and the Digital Terms make up a single transaction; and
The smart contract confirmation describes the fields for each input that are automatically filled in from the Digital Terms (so as to prevent conflicting terms).
The significance of the smart contract confirmation, aside from the above, is that it pulls in Analogue Terms applicable to the transaction from a particular library of key terms (called the IRS_Definitions) and makes the DnA Contract subject to the terms of a particular master agreement (containing other Analogue Terms applicable to the contract including many of the "out of the ordinary" events such as defaults) already entered into between the parties.
2.2 The Analogue Terms
As noted above, the Analogue Terms of the DnA Contract are contained in the relevant IRS_Definitions, which are incorporated by reference into the smart contract confirmation, and the master agreement which the DnA Contract forms part of and is subject to.
2.3 The Digital Terms
These look a little bit different, but essentially follow the same structure as the BAU confirmation.
The first part of the code is not functional, but declares that these Digital Terms and the smart contract confirmation containing some of the Analogue Terms (which is hashed in the declaration) form a single transaction subject to the relevant master agreement (also hashed in this declaration).
The Digital Terms then call libraries of functions. These are roughly equivalent to the definitions incorporated into a BAU confirmation, but can go further. Our Digital Terms call a number of libraries, including the IRS_Definitions library which contains the relevant defined terms relevant to the Digital Terms (as well as those relevant for the Analogue Terms, as discussed above), the KWM_Regtech library, which would contain certain functions that facilitate the parties' compliance with certain laws or regulations (e.g. a function that tells the parties whether this transaction must be cleared, and then submits the trade to the relevant clearing house), and other standard libraries (including date and time).
This is followed by a section that is most similar to the BAU confirmation - the Inputs. This section describes the agreed variables that make up the DnA interest rate swap.
Calculation_Agent = Party_A
This tells the Digital Terms that when they discuss the Calculation Agent, they really mean Party A (acting in its capacity as the Calculation Agent). This is a simple variable input.
Business_Day_Convention = Following_Business_Day_Convention
Termination_Date = Business_Day_Convention(Unadjusted_Termination_Date)
Unadjusted_Termination_Date = date(2017-06-01)
The above states that the termination date selected is the unadjusted termination date 2017-06-01 after the business day convention function (in this case, the following business day convention) is applied to that date: since the unadjusted termination date is Thursday 1 June 2017, the termination date will be the same, since that day is a business day in Sydney. This is slightly more complex than the variable above, and shows a variable and a function being selected.
We then get to the functional parts of the Digital Terms. This calls certain functions and variables on certain events. As this particular DnA Contract is a simple interest rate swap each of the payments are calculated in an identical way. As such, we have defined the functions called on the payment dates, and set them to repeat on each subsequent payment date.
The final part of the Digital Terms are the overrides, which are "always on". These listen for messages from a party, which could be the counterparties, the Calculation Agent or even a court or a regulator, and stops the transaction operating through the Digital Terms if requested to. This is a critical feature of the Digital Terms, as it permits the intervention of humans at any time to stop the contract, or at least, cease its automation, if they so choose.
2.4 The Libraries
The Digital Terms and the smart contract confirmation refer to certain terms that aren't defined within those respective documents. Instead, they are pulled from libraries. We expect that over time, much like current market practice in financial markets transactions, these libraries would likely be agreed by market participants producing standardised terms and functions for use by the market.
Other functions that may be imported, however, such as RegTech or financial policy compliance functions, might be imported from the libraries created by the parties themselves, or other service providers or market participants.
We have not presumed to write comprehensive libraries as part of this exercise. Instead, we have provided an extract of a library (the IRS_Definitions library) which sets out the progression which could be undertaken to turn legal definitions into Digital and Analogue Terms. We note that the IRS_Definitions do not include all the definitions that are relevant for the DnA Contract.
The IRS_Definitions form one of the links between the Digital Terms and the Analogue Terms as they contain both formal English and computational code. This is essential, since we envisage the same libraries of terms and functions to be used and applied regardless of whether the contract is being automatically administered by the Digital Terms, or if the parties are administering it under the Analogue Terms.
3. BPMN diagrams
BPMN, or Business Process Model and Notation, is a well known workflow illustrator. We present a series of diagrams using elements of BPMN showing the administration of a BAU Interest Rate Swap, and a DnA Interest Rate Swap.
You'll notice that the diagrams are almost identical, but two differences are critical.
Most of the processes in the BAU Interest Rate Swap are done by the Calculation Agent, whereas in the DnA Interest Rate Swap, all but one of those processes have been shifted to the contract to self execute (and, during the 'usual' life-cycle of the contract it can administer itself to its termination without the need for human intervention).
There is an initial process that allows for pre-close checks to be run - the contract terminating in its own right if it breaches the policies codified in that part of the process chain.
Turning legal code into Digital and Analogue Terms
How did we go about drafting the Digital Terms?
We have used a progressive approach to turn existing legal definitions into Digital and Analogue Terms using pseudocode. The IRS_Definitions demonstrate these progressions through a range of examples, and we set out below a more detailed explanation of the method we employed.
Step 1: Legal English
Take for example a definition for "BBSW Reuters". The definition could look like this:
"BBSW_Reuters" means, for Reset Date, the average mid rate for prime bank eligible securities having a tenor of the Designated Maturity as displayed on the "BBSW" page of the Reuters Monitor System on that Reset Date.
However, if the average mid rate is not displayed by 10:30 am Sydney time on that day, or if it is displayed but the Calculation Agent determines that there is an obvious error in that rate, BBSW_Reuters means the rate determined by the Calculation Agent in good faith at approximately 10:30 am Sydney time on that day, having regard, to the extent possible, to comparable indices then available.
Whilst this may seem like an easily digestible function for a Calculation Agent to determine the interest rate payable by the Floating Rate Payer on a Payment Date, a computer would find it difficult, or impossible, to process some of the discretions afforded to the Calculation Agent (explaining "good faith" to a bunch of transistors is science fiction without the use of an enormous amount of code or computing power, at least for now).
As such, we have to start translating this definition into a code a computer can understand.
Step 2: One function per line
We start by turning the above into a series of nested instructions, with one function (where possible) per line:
"BBSW_Reuters" means,
for Reset Date
the average
mid rate
for prime bank eligible securities
having a tenor of the Designated Maturity
as displayed on the "*BBSW*" page
of the Reuters Monitor System
on that Reset Date.
if the average mid rate is not displayed by 10:30 am Sydney time on that day,
or if it is displayed
but the Calculation Agent determines
that there is an obvious error in that rate
BBSW_Reuters means
the rate determined by the Calculation Agent
in good faith
at approximately 10:30 am Sydney time on that day,
having regard,
to the extent possible,
to comparable indices
then available.
This allows us to start to consider the computations that make up the definition.
Step 3: Structured language
Once we have a different computation on each line, we look to use standard computational terms to represent them. Think if, then, else statements.
BBSW_Reuters:
for Reset_Date
if Designated_Maturity_Rate show (Reuters_Screen BBSW by 10:30 in Sydney) on Reset_Date
if Calculation_Agent override
then  BBSW_Reuters is the rate determined by the Calculation Agent in good faith
at approximately 10:30 am Sydney time on that day, having regard, to the extent possible, to
comparable indices then available [and inputted into the Digital Terms]
else BBSW_Reuters is Designated_Maturity_Rate show (Reuters_Screen BBSW) on Reset_Date specified
else BBSW_Reuters is the rate determined by the Calculation Agent in good faith at
approximately 10:30 am Sydney time on that day, having regard, to the extent possible, to comparable
indices then available [and inputted into the Digital Terms]
Designated_Maturity_Rate:
is average mid rate for prime bank eligible securities with Designated_Maturity specified
Here we get to our first really interesting part. A computer may be very good at determining and calculating:
which rate output from Reuters is the one equal to the designated maturity rate; and
how to use that rate to calculate the interest payable for a certain period,
but the second half of the clause is a bit more tricky. We have words like "determined ... in good faith", and "having regard to" and "to the extent possible". Whilst we (and the Calculation Agent) may know exactly what that means - a limited discretion for the Calculation Agent to determine the appropriate rate - a computer might find this a little less elementary. It is hard for software to consider (or "have regard") to a factor without determining how it is to consider that factor.
As such, we believe that it is better to leave the second half of the computation to the most efficient engine for the job - the Calculation Agent, who can "consider in good faith".
Whilst in the above, formal English does this by keeping that computation in its original form, in the final contract, the interplay between the Digital Terms and the Analogue Terms will be more nuanced: the Digital Terms will tell the Calculation Agent to exercise its discretion, and how to do so.
Step 4: Now you're thinking with portals functions - pseudocode
Think less the Calculation Agent determines that there is an obvious error in that rate and more Calculation_Agent /= emit(error_rate): if the Calculation Agent does not state that the rate contains an error.
This turns the text into something that is (notionally) computable, though it should be translated into an appropriate language for its application. It goes without saying that it is critical to select the right coding language for this application and to ensure that the expressions used are watertight.
BBSW_Reuters (ResetDate) =
if data.Reuters_BBSW /= ()
|10:30am
&& Calculation_Agent /= emit(error_rate)
|10:00am to 5:00pm
then return data.Reuters_BBSW(AVG_MID(Tenor == Designated_Maturity))
else poll.Calculation_Agent = "Please determine the interest rate in good faith as of 10:30am Sydney time on this day,
having regard, to the extent possible, to comparable indices then available"
&& BBSW_Reuters = poll(response)
That's how we get from something that a person can read to something a computer can read.
This is a soft uplift
As you can see, in the DnA Contract the Calculation Agent is not totally redundant. Whereas before the Calculation Agent would be involved in almost all of the calculations under the traditional contract, now under the DnA Contract, many of those calculations are automated, and the Calculation Agent is only involved if an "out of the ordinary" event occurs. We call this a "soft uplift" - the contract is still self-executing, but it requires an input from a party exercising a discretion.
There are also hard uplifts
In our Digital Terms, there is also a term (which we have referred to as offramp) that allows the contract to be uplifted from the self-executing Digital Terms at the discretion of each party.
This discretion to uplift the contract is absolute, but unlikely to be exercised unless something out of the ordinary happens. Such events could include:
non-payment of obligations;
default (in respect of this transaction only);
default (in respect of other transaction under the same master agreement);
any market disruption event.
When it comes to these and similar events, it is, in our opinion, best to leave decisions to humans who can exercise judgment or make highly nuanced decisions using discretion. As such, we "uplift" the contract from the Digital Terms.
This is where the legal framework is critical. First, our Analogue Terms will carry on where our Digital Terms left off - a clean pass of the transaction. Second, within the Analogue Terms, the mechanisms in the master agreement would now apply and the existing contractual processes would apply.
This is the project page for Project DnA.
We welcome and look forward to any contributions you may have to this project.
Please note that the documents provided in the respository are sample documents for discussion purposes only and should not be used for actual transactions. Nothing in any of these documents constitutes legal advice and KWM accepts no responsibility for their contents.


Omarion had had an incredible year thus far. The veteran R&B singer welcomed his second child in the world, launched several new brand partnerships and is almost done with his long awaited album Reasons.
Taking it a step further, Maybach O also smoked a joint openly with Snoop Dogg for the very first time. As a guest on Snoop's hilarious talk show GGN, the crooner lit up a huge zig-zag and talked shop with his longtime friend. Snoop's show is powered by MERRY JANE, the newly launched website dedicated to marijuana culture -- which includes partners Seth Rogen, Guy Oseary and Miley Cyrus.
Watch on as Omarion opens up about fatherhood, his upcoming album, weed and much more.


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You are at:Home»News»Race Series News»Goodyear returns to World Endurance Championship
Goodyear returns to World Endurance Championship
By Sam Petters on	 14th June 2019 Race Series News, Team News
Goodyear has announced that it will re-enter European and International sportscar racing. The tire manufacturer will develop a new range of tires for the FIA World Endurance Championship, including the Le Mans 24-hour race.
Ben Crawley, Goodyear motorsport director, said, "The nature of the races, varying from four hours to 24 hours, mean tire choice and strategy are critical and it provides a motivating challenge for our technology team in our European innovation centers ahead of exploring other racing opportunities for the brand."
Ahead of its return, the company has been developing a new range of tires for Le Mans prototypes at their innovation centers in Hanau, Germany, and Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg.
The tires will be developed and manufactured alongside Goodyear's latest range of Eagle F1 SuperSport tires for performance and track-day cars, ensuring that the technology and knowledge transfer between the road and race ranges is optimized.
The tires will debut at the start of the 2019/2020 WEC season at Silverstone in August.
WRC second round to take place in Rovaniemi, Finland


We wish you a very warm welcome to the website of Minet Infant and Nursery School and hope that by using our site you will gain an understanding of our vision, aims and of our strongly held values.
All schools have their own special identity and we believe that at Minet Infant and Nursery School we have created a successful and sparkling learning community. We offer a friendly, caring and supportive environment which encourages our pupils to learn and develop academically, personally and socially.
As you know, we place great emphasis on standards of Mathematics and English, with a keen focus on reading skills, but we also provide a rich and diverse curriculum.
We are very proud of our school. The children are enthusiastic learners and we do our very best to make activities engaging, exciting, challenging and stimulating! Our children love to learn.
Of course a close, co-operative partnership between home and school is a major contributor to a child's education and we welcome parents into school and value their contribution.
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text:
https://apnews.com/article/fires-missouri-a6228f2eb034d4e3ae03fbe4f015ac59
Missouri Tigers men's basketball
Missouri man found guilty of killing 4 family members
PLATTE CITY, Mo. (AP) — A man has been convicted of killing four of his family members — including an infant — whose bodies were discovered in the aftermath of a 2016 house fire in northwestern Missouri.
A Platte County jury on Tuesday found 30-year-old Grayden Lane Denham guilty of four counts first-degree murder, four counts of armed criminal action and several other counts.
Killed were his grandparents, 82-year-old Russell Denham and 81-year-old Shirley Denham; his sister, 32-year-old Heather Ager; and Ager's 3-month-old son, Mason Schiavoni. Their burned bodies were found outside a home near Edgerton, Missouri, on February 19, 2016, and investigators said they all had been shot to death. Prosecutors said Denham torched the home they all shared after the killings.
Prosecutors said Denham was found walking naked in northern Arizona two days after the bodies were found. Prosecutors said Denham had stolen his grandmother's car after the killings and drove it to Arizona, changing the license plates twice along the way.
Denham's case faced multiple delays, including in 2020 when he was deemed not mentally fit to stand trial. The court later found him restored to competency, allowing the trial to proceed.
Denham faces a mandatory sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole when he's sentenced on Feb. 25.


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To the future and making sure that we have fun along the way.
It was a wonderful opening thanks to our guests and an incredible team of committed and focused people wanting to provide our guests with our very best.
This entry was posted in italian food and tagged chef andrew brewer, Italian by Night, Italian Food, life, team work by Michelle. Bookmark the permalink.
Leadership and teamwork…….the secret to success. It's all here!! Though I don't know you personally and wasn't able to be there, I wish you continued success and hppiness in this new venture.Saint John is lucky to have you. That city just keeps getting better and better!!
WOW!! classy start,Michelle! so impressed!
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Can hardly wait till Friday. You're the best.


text:
At 50 years, 'The Godfather' still impacts how Hollywood depicts gangs, violence
A display of artifacts from "The Godfather" at the Francis Ford Coppola Winery in Sonoma County, California (Courtesy of Sr. Rose Pacatte)
by Rose Pacatte
Follow on Twitter at @srrosemovies
When Francis Ford Coppola was preparing to write the script for his 1972 Oscar-winning "The Godfather," he re-read Mario Puzo's best-selling 1969 novel on which the film is based. Coppola wrote in his 2016 book, The Godfather Notebook, that it revealed "a story that was a metaphor for American capitalism in the tale of a great king with three sons: the oldest was given his passion and aggressiveness, the second his sweet nature and child-like qualities, and the third his intelligence, cunning, and coldness. Suddenly I saw the story as one of succession and power."
This is the thing about "The Godfather," it is an American story, not an Italian or Sicilian story. As my friend Chiara, who lives in Rome, noted on my Facebook post where I asked for comments about the film: "From an Italian perspective, this to me always was the furthest and most exotic representation ever. It's like watching a Chinese saga."
As for the lasting influence of "The Godfather" in popular culture, Michael Danielson, a teacher at the Jesuit Seattle Preparatory School, asked his classes if any of them recognized the film's most famous quote, "I'll make him an offer he can't refuse." They did, he wrote on my Facebook post, but did not know its origin. None of the students had seen the movie or its two sequels, "The Godfather: Part II" in 1974 and "The Godfather: Part III" in 1990.
"The Godfather is one of those occasional, even rare, movies that elevates film as an art form," commented the Rev. Scott Young*. "It does this in several ways. It places us as insiders (silent participants) instead of removed observers. It requires us to look at evil sympathetically, without coercing us to condone the objectionable moral trespasses. Coppola operates as a godfather type (artistic visionary) to produce this magical immigrant crime genre film, that still generates spine chilling awe when screening it again."
Paulist Fr. Frank DeSiano commented on all three of the "Godfather" movies (1972, 1974, 1990) when he posted: "The Godfather Trilogy is one of the greatest parables of the illusion of power, both in what it cannot attain and in what it destroys on its path. This parable can be endlessly applied — into politics, into relationships and even into religion. Once power is its own purpose, it becomes demonic. And power at the service of something important must itself be restrained lest it become self-centered. 'My power is manifest in weakness' defines the opposite vision, one which, paradoxically and ultimately, wins."
The godfather's desk from "The Godfather" at the Francis Ford Coppola Winery in Sonoma County, California (Courtesy of Sr. Rose Pacatte)
As I was watching the fourth season of "Yellowstone" on Paramount+ a few weeks ago, it occurred to me that the series is a retelling of "The Godfather." But instead of the Catholic iconography of the New York urban immigrant post-war reality, "Yellowstone" is set in Montana, the icon of the American West, of manifest destiny and white privilege.
"Yellowstone" centers on the dysfunctional and crime-committing Dutton family. At its core is patriarch John (Kevin Costner) with two sons, Kayce (Luke Grimes), Jamie (Wes Bentley) and a daughter, Beth (Kelly Reilly) a consigliere/underboss (Rip, played by Cole Hauser) and plenty of "soldiers." The family is in constant tension with Indigenous American tribes who want their land back (and offer an opportunity for repentance and restitution) and greedy, cutthroat corporations about dominance over the land and profit, not unlike the territorial mafia wars waged by the crime families of New York in the 20th century.
What is the legacy of "The Godfather"? Is it the many mafia movies that followed? It would seem like there is nothing like a powerful, violent, multigenerational, male-dominated family saga to entertain us, whether it's the Corleones ("The Godfather"), the Sopranos ("The Sopranos"), the Duttons or even the Roy family on HBO's "Succession."
Through the years and various iterations of the same story, the religious, ecclesial and artistic elements become backdrops and props. By the end of "The Godfather: Part III," religious faith is replaced without a thought to the divine by the oldest essential elements of the secular world: power, land and greed. There is beauty in the city, though it is diminished and marred by crime and human folly. There is the vacuous ritual of family dinners, and what little joy could be gleaned from families in "The Godfather" with the presence and innocence of unsuspecting children ends in violence and tragedy.
By seeking to possess everyone and everything, greed devours everything in its path. Just like power, as DeSiano notes above. The legacy is that in the grab for power, one dies alone, seemingly exterminated by a child playing with insect spray as happened to Vito Corleone.
However, "The Godfather" renewed the 20th century gangster film subgenre about organized crime and the mobs or gangs that ran them. The genre had practically died out due to the restrictions of the 1934-1968 Hays Code that would not approve films that showed killing, that crime pays or disrespect for police and authority figures.
After the establishment of the Motion Picture Association's rating system in 1968 that replaced the Hays Code (much like the U.S. bishops' conference's Office for Film and Broadcasting rating system replaced the Legion of Decency's code around the same time), a "New Hollywood" was born. Crime films like the biographical "Bonnie and Clyde" (1967) were produced and fictional mob films such as "The Godfather" and fact-based movies such as director Martin Scorsese's "Goodfellas" (1990) followed.
If there is one scene in "The Godfather" that everyone remembers, it is the baptism sequence at the end, where Vito's youngest son, Michael Corleone (Al Pacino), says the baptismal promises in church while the film cuts back and forth to his soldiers as they assassinate the competition, the heads of the other crime families. This is blasphemy at its best. By "The Godfather: Part III," Michael is trying to buy into the power of the church with tragic consequences. This third film is much better and more deftly constructed than critics in 1990 were willing to concede.
I think the biggest effect of "The Godfather" is that it spawned many Italian mafia-themed movies in the United States and catapulted the directorial career of Coppola. Perhaps one of the film's most well-known descendants is the HBO series created by David Chase, "The Sopranos." The series, starring the late James Gandolfini, ran from 1999-2007 and brought a gentrified crime family from the New Jersey suburbs straight into our homes over 86 episodes.
Many will say that "The Godfather" created or reinforced stereotypes of Italian Americans. In a 2012 interview with Smithsonian magazine, Tom Santopietro, author of The Godfather Effect, has a more optimistic view. He said that the film "changed Hollywood because it finally changed the way Italians were depicted on film. It made Italians seem like more fully realized people and not stereotypes. It was a film in Hollywood made by Italians about Italians." He also said that the film helped "Italianize American culture" and that other ethnic groups found "common ground" in a shared immigrant experience.
Not everyone agrees. We have two sisters in our U.S. province who were born in Corleone, Sicily, and came to the U.S. after World War II with their family. The now deceased older sister was not embarrassed by "The Godfather" but the younger sister was. She could not even hear the name of the film mentioned because "it makes it look like all Sicilians are criminals." Coming from Corleone didn't help, either.
*This story has been changed to correctly identify the Rev. Scott Young.


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        {%- if page.feedback == true and jekyll.environment == "production" -%}
            {%- include feedback.html -%}
        {%- endif -%}


text:
Queensland commits to "stamping out dodgy training providers" as part of crack down
The Queensland Government has announced that the provision of quality training for the state's residents, including those pursuing early childhood education and care (ECEC) qualifications, remains an ongoing priority, and that it "won't hesitate to take action against dodgy providers".
State Government funding for private registered training providers (RTOs) has experienced significant drops over the last four years, shifting from almost 720 providers being funded four years ago to 460 today.
Queensland Minister for Training and Skills Development Shannon Fentiman outlined that in the last 12 months alone, funding agreements have been terminated for 60 Queensland providers, pulling no punches when she stated "anyone who doesn't measure up will lose their ability to access public funding".
"Quality training for Queenslanders is a top priority for the Palaszczuk Government – and we won't hesitate to take action against dodgy providers," Ms Fentiman said, adding that all complaints received by the Department "are taken seriously".
A new Skills Assure program was introduced by the Queensland Government this year, Ms Fentiman said, which proactively audits every training provider in Queensland to ensure they meet strict standards.
Complaints of fraud from RTOs are referred to police, with three matters of suspected fraud the subject of ongoing investigation relating to activities over the past two years.
"We also refer any complaints about registered training organisations to the Australian Skills Quality Skills Authority (ASQA) as the federal government is responsible for the overall regulation of the training sector," Ms Fentiman outlined.
The Training Ombudsman will continue to work with ASQA and other regulatory bodies to ensure complaints about bait advertising are thoroughly investigated.
For more information about the compliance measures for Queensland based RTOs, please see here.
Life Education finds new supporter in property investment group Precision
Guiding questions when seeking out the perfect Registered Training Organisation (RTO)
by Sam Rosenberg
Controversial RTO has registration cancelled in ASQA review of providers
Early childhood RTO provider approval cancelled by ASQA
Two ECEC focused RTOs shut down in the wake of Morrison review announcement


text:
#ifndef THIRD_PARTY_BLINK_RENDERER_PLATFORM_AUDIO_DENORMAL_DISABLER_H_
#define THIRD_PARTY_BLINK_RENDERER_PLATFORM_AUDIO_DENORMAL_DISABLER_H_

#include <float.h>
#include "build/build_config.h"
#include "third_party/blink/renderer/platform/wtf/allocator/allocator.h"
#include "third_party/blink/renderer/platform/wtf/math_extras.h"

namespace blink {

// Deal with denormals. They can very seriously impact performance on x86.

// Define HAVE_DENORMAL if we support flushing denormals to zero.

#if BUILDFLAG(IS_WIN) && defined(COMPILER_MSVC)
// Windows compiled using MSVC with SSE2
#define HAVE_DENORMAL 1
#endif

#if defined(COMPILER_GCC) && defined(ARCH_CPU_X86_FAMILY)
// X86 chips can flush denormals
#define HAVE_DENORMAL 1
#endif

#if defined(ARCH_CPU_ARM_FAMILY)
#define HAVE_DENORMAL 1
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_DENORMAL)
class DenormalDisabler {
  DISALLOW_NEW();

 public:
  DenormalDisabler() { DisableDenormals(); }

  ~DenormalDisabler() { RestoreState(); }

  // This is a nop if we can flush denormals to zero in hardware.
  static inline float FlushDenormalFloatToZero(float f) { return f; }

 private:
  unsigned saved_csr_ = 0;

#if defined(COMPILER_GCC) && defined(ARCH_CPU_X86_FAMILY)
  inline void DisableDenormals() {
    saved_csr_ = GetCSR();
    SetCSR(saved_csr_ | 0x8040);
  }

  inline void RestoreState() { SetCSR(saved_csr_); }

  inline int GetCSR() {
    int result;
    asm volatile("stmxcsr %0" : "=m"(result));
    return result;
  }

  inline void SetCSR(int a) {
    int temp = a;
    asm volatile("ldmxcsr %0" : : "m"(temp));
  }

#elif BUILDFLAG(IS_WIN) && defined(COMPILER_MSVC)
  inline void DisableDenormals() {
    // Save the current state, and set mode to flush denormals.
    //
    // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/637175/possible-bug-in-controlfp-s-may-not-restore-control-word-correctly
    _controlfp_s(&saved_csr_, 0, 0);
    unsigned unused;
    _controlfp_s(&unused, _DN_FLUSH, _MCW_DN);
  }

  inline void RestoreState() {
    unsigned unused;
    _controlfp_s(&unused, saved_csr_, _MCW_DN);
  }
#elif defined(ARCH_CPU_ARM_FAMILY)
  inline void DisableDenormals() {
    saved_csr_ = GetStatusWord();
    // Bit 24 is the flush-to-zero mode control bit. Setting it to 1 flushes
    // denormals to 0.
    SetStatusWord(saved_csr_ | (1 << 24));
  }

  inline void RestoreState() { SetStatusWord(saved_csr_); }

  inline int GetStatusWord() {
    int result;
#if defined(ARCH_CPU_ARM64)
    asm volatile("mrs %x[result], FPCR" : [result] "=r"(result));
#else
    asm volatile("vmrs %[result], FPSCR" : [result] "=r"(result));
#endif
    return result;
  }

  inline void SetStatusWord(int a) {
#if defined(ARCH_CPU_ARM64)
    asm volatile("msr FPCR, %x[src]" : : [src] "r"(a));
#else
    asm volatile("vmsr FPSCR, %[src]" : : [src] "r"(a));
#endif
  }

#endif
};

#else
// FIXME: add implementations for other architectures and compilers
class DenormalDisabler {
  STACK_ALLOCATED();

 public:
  DenormalDisabler() {}

  // Assume the worst case that other architectures and compilers
  // need to flush denormals to zero manually.
  static inline float FlushDenormalFloatToZero(float f) {
    return (fabs(f) < FLT_MIN) ? 0.0f : f;
  }
};

#endif

}  // namespace blink

#undef HAVE_DENORMAL
#endif  // THIRD_PARTY_BLINK_RENDERER_PLATFORM_AUDIO_DENORMAL_DISABLER_H_


NFL Football – The Wild card weekend in the NFL is always great with the absence of College Football. The NFL make the most out this weekend by playing two games on Saturday and two on Sunday for the fans maximum enjoyment. The road team won each game this weekend starting with the red hot Kansas City Chiefs defeating the Houston Texans 30-0. Then the Cincinnati Bengals gave Pittsburgh a hand wrap victory 18-16 due to losing their cool at the end. Now that is what we call a lack of institutional control, behind the leadership of Marvin Lewis.
The Sunday Games followed suit with the Seattle Seahawks escape the frozen tundra at hands of the Minnesota Vikings 10-9. The afternoon NFC match up of slogans "Discount Double Check" vs "You Like That?!" The Green Bay Packers defeated the Washington Redskins 35-18.
The NFC and AFC top two teams get the chance to rest and heal the bodies while No. 3 – No. 6 get to settle things on the field. All players in the NFL know that every team in the playoffs have the same record now Zero Wins & Zero Losses.
This week games will feature on the AFC side Pittsburgh Steelers vs Denver Broncos & Kansas City Chiefs vs New England Patriots. For the NFC side Seattle Seahawks vs Carolina Panthers & Green Bay Packers vs Arizona Cardinals. Having all four road teams win again this week would be like winning the Powerball lottery it's just not going to happen. Wild Card wacky weekend was great football but this week will be even better.
The Road to Super Bowl 50 is coming soon and you can see who's team will hold up the Vince Lombardi Trophy.


text:
Cameron: we can compromise with Russia to end Syrian war
PM says splits over Assad must not be 'altar on which Syria is slaughtered' as it emerged that seven Isis plots had been thwarted in UK this year
David Cameron hopes for international deal to attack Isis in Syria – audio Guardian
Patrick Wintour in Antalya
Mon 16 Nov 2015 03.41 EST
Last modified on Sat 14 Apr 2018 14.00 EDT
David Cameron has said the west is prepared to compromise with Vladimir Putin, to strike a deal to end the Syrian civil war. The prime minister insisted, however, that he and other world leaders were not being stubborn over demands that the Syrian leader, President Bashar al-Assad, step down at the end of the peace process.
Cameron's hour-long bilateral meeting with the Russian president on Monday was described by British sources as "constructive" and focused mainly on the Syrian peace process. Cameron stressed that all sides wanted a settlement that ended with a political regime in place as part of an planned transition.
The talks came as British sources confirmed that UK security forces had foiled an Islamic State plot on British soil in the past two months, bringing the total number of thwarted attacks to seven this year.
The meeting with Putin – their first face to face for a year – took place at the G20 summit of the world's leading economies in Antalya, southern Turkey.
Western leaders urge Putin at G20 to change course in Syria
With the need to crush Isis in Syria given a fresh urgency following the terror group's claim of responsibility for killing at least 129 people in Paris, Cameron and the US president, Barack Obama, are pressing Putin to see how they can reach a compromise about Syria that protects Russian interests in the region.
Cameron said: "The disagreement has been that we think Assad should go at once and Russia obviously has taken a different view and we have to find a settlement where Assad leaves and there is a government that brings the country together. But we must not allow the gap there is between us to be the altar on which the country of Syria is slaughtered. That is the challenge. That is going to take compromises."
Interviewed on BBC Radio 4's Today programme, the prime minister insisted: "We are not just being stubborn here. We are not saying Assad cannot be part of the government of Syria because we said it and we are sticking to our position. It is a statement of fact rather than a statement of preference. This man has barrel-bombed his own population and slaughtered so many of his own countrymen. It is for them rather than for us that he cannot play a long-term role in running the country."
On Monday morning, before the meeting with Cameron, Putin said: "The recent tragic events in France show that we should join efforts in preventing terror. Unfortunately our bilateral relations are not of the best, but there is certain revival."
G20: Barack Obama and Vladimir Putin agree to Syrian-led transition
The Iranians and the Russians have both said it is for the Syrian people to decide on their new leader in an election, while the Americans, French, British and Saudis argue that Assad can only stay on as part of the government on an interim basis and probably for no more than 18 months.
In talks between the world powers held at the weekend in Vienna, it was agreed that the various parties in Syria needed to start talks early next year, leading to elections in 18 months.
The Jordanians have been asked to decide which groups will be designated as terrorists and therefore not permitted to join the talks. No agreement about the long-term future of Assad was reached at Vienna, and there is scepticism that Putin is really willing to abandon the Syrian president after four years. The Russians have only recently started an air bombing campaign to protect Assad from military advances by rebel groups.
The minimum agreement between the west and Putin may be over how to combine to attack Isis, rather than reaching a deal on Assad.
Cameron said the UK had been preparing for the kind of attacks seen in Paris. But he added that the security services would be going back to the drawing board to check they were prepared for the scale of the attacks that occurred in France. He added that if British interests were at stake then "we will act and take immediate action in Syria and report to parliament afterwards".
Cameron also warned that even if the Syrian conflict was resolved, the threat of extremism remained across the world, including in Africa.
The British hope that the tragic downing of the Russian jet over the Sinai last month, which killed more than 200 Russian civilians, will persuade Putin to see that he and the west have a common interest in pushing Isis out of northern Syria and bringing in a newly elected government. Relations between Putin and the west have suffered over Russian support for rebels in eastern Ukraine.
But Cameron has expressed such optimism before only to be disappointed and admitted "the gap between us, it is difficult. We have some profound disagreements."
Speaking before the meeting, he said: "But I will start the conversation with the thing that we agree about, which is that Isis and this radical Islamic extremism is just as much a threat, potentially more of a threat, to Russia as it is to Europe." He added Putin said as much at the G20 dinner on Sunday night.
Cameron also said he still supported Britain extending airstrikes against Isis from Iraq to Syria. He said: "Isis does not recognise the border between Syria and Iraq and neither should we. I need to build the argument. I need to convince more people. We won't hold that vote unless we can see parliament will endorse that action because to fail on this would be damaging not to the government but to the country and its reputation in the world. But in the end parliament must decide."


Gender-based violence is a human rights violation that is normalized.
#16ways is an online protest.
#16ways themes each day of 16 Days of Activism with a specific focus.
Twitter within the #16ways structure.
share their stories and are not listened to enough on online spaces.
release of the campaign and with guided support, structure posts effectively.
with the support of the #16ways team and other partners.
all perspectives together but also allow for the authentic voices of participants.
Guidance in how to create good captions, photos and online stories.
Online support prior to and during campaign.


text:
Q: Tool to Convert HTML into JavaScript (.createElement)? I have the HTML but I want to create it programatically. I know how to do it with JavaScript's .createElement .appendChild methods but it's time consuming. I can't find such a conversion tool online.
Does anyone know if there is a tool, an online tool, to take my HTML snippet and generate the JavaScript required to add that to my document?

A: You can always use innerHTML to just add whole snippet. Or insertAdjacentHTML() to append or prepend at any point in your document

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home Actor FAQ: How Much Money Does An Actor Make?
FAQ: How Much Money Does An Actor Make?
According to U.S. News, actors made nearly $40,860–median salary–in 2019. The top-paid 25% earned $58,580 while the lowest-paid 25% actors earned merely $25,180. Meanwhile, the mean salary was $58,280. The best-paying cities for this profession are New York, Los Angeles, New Haven, Denver and San Francisco.
1 How much do actors make per movie?
2 How much do actors make per day?
3 Do actors actually make money?
4 Who is the highest-paid for an actor?
5 Who is lowest paid actor?
7 Do actors go to college?
8 How much do starter actors make?
9 Do actors really kiss?
11 How do I become an actor?
12 How much does Dwayne Johnson?
13 Who Is Highest Paid 2021 actor?
How much do actors make per movie?
Actor. The Hollywood Reporter estimates that A-list movie stars routinely make $15 million to $20 million for top roles in big-budget films. Secondary lead actors in a movie such as "The Force Awakens" earned an estimated $1.5 million to $4.5 million.
How much do actors make per day?
For example, according to Wrapbook, union actors earn  $1,015 a day if they have lines in theatrical productions and $176 if they're an extra. Annual salary depends on whether they have regular work such as being cast in a long-running production or a television show.
Do actors actually make money?
While the median for movie actors is around $50,000 a year income, according to Business Insider, the biggest names earn well above a million a picture. Backstage points out that like many jobs, the pay involves more than an actor's paycheck.
You might be interested: Readers ask: Who Is The Oldest Hollywood Actor Still Alive?
Who is the highest-paid for an actor?
Daniel Craig, the highest-paid actor, got over $100 million to star in two "Knives Out" sequels. Dwayne Johnson is second on Variety's new list, with a $50 million salary for Amazon's "Red One." Some of the salaries listed include back-end deals, where stars earn more based on a film's profits.
Who is lowest paid actor?
Top 10 Lowest Paid Actors in Hollywood
1 1. Johnny Depp.
2 Shia LaBeouf.
3 Nicolas Cage.
4 Robert Downey Jr.
5 The Rock.
6 Michael Cera.
7 Ashton Kutcher.
8 James McAvoy.
Do actors go to college?
Though it is possible for someone to become a successful and prominent actor without a degree in acting, drama, theater or film studies, many working actors with acting degrees say that their formal training made them more confident and competent in their profession, and they often are emphatic about being pleased with
How much do starter actors make?
Do actors really kiss?
Actors do kiss when they are acting – most of the times. When they're not actually kissing, certain camera angles can be used to give the appearance that actors are kissing when in fact they are not. There are several techniques that can be used to shoot a kissing scene.
You might be interested: How Did Harrison Ford Become An Actor?
How do I become an actor?
Steps to Becoming an Actor
Jump into theater in high school. The path to acting careers can actually begin in high school plays and musicals.
Get experience outside of school.
Get educated.
Practice makes perfect.
Build up an acting resume.
Hire an agent.
How much does Dwayne Johnson?
When compared with other actors, only Tyler Perry earned more that year, which saw Perry take in $97 million and Johnson $87.5 million. His status as the world's second highest-paid actor, however, was a step down from Forbes' 2018 list, when his earnings reached $124 million and he was sixth on the list.
Who Is Highest Paid 2021 actor?
Los Angeles: Actor Daniel Craig has topped the list of highest-paid movie stars of 2021, beating actor Dwayne Johnson with a whopping $100 million in earnings. Craig topped Variety's highest-paid movie stars of 2021 list, reports aceshowbiz.com.
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text:
Wood Energy / Clean wood fuel
Checking a boiler door during installation
Ashden UK Award
Wood-fuel now costs less than the fossil fuel alternatives for generating heat, and government grants to help with the costs of wood-fuelled boilers are making entry to the market easier for new customers. As a result, the demand for wood-fuelled heating is rising fast, and is also being driven by legislation to reduce the carbon footprint of new and refurbished buildings.
Wood Energy is one of the leading wood-fuelled heating businesses in the UK, and is growing quickly to meet the rising demand for their services. Their approach focuses on designing and installing high quality wood-fuelled heating systems, which are reliable and can operate with a minimum of user intervention.
In 2007, Wood Energy had 28 MW of installations, producing about 50 GWh per year of heat.
By replacing oil and gas, these installations avoid the emission of about 11,600 tonnes a year of CO2.
The woodland is now subject to regular management, benefiting from increased observation and encouragement of biodiversity.
Winner update: SteamaCo launches new products to bring energy to the most unreachable places in Nigeria
SteamaCo Edge 6 brings groundbreaking automation capabilities to Africa's distributed energy market
Highview Power
Cheap and green energy storage
Impax Award for Energy Innovation
Angaza
Shining a light on the benefits of Pay-As-You-Go energy
2018 International Ashden Award for Financial and Business Model Innovation
Wood Energy was founded in 2002 by Dr Robin Cotton, who had been working in a renewable energy consultancy for six years, but wanted to move into the practical delivery of renewable schemes. The rapidly growing business now has a turnover of £2 million/year (2005-06) and employs 28 people, mostly based at the headquarters in Devon, with regional staff operating in other parts of the country.
Although the potential for using renewable energy to generate electricity and produce transport fuel receives significant public attention in the UK, the importance of heat is often neglected. However, the use of low temperature heat to heat space and hot water in buildings is a major part of UK energy demand, and is responsible for almost a third of UK emissions of greenhouse gases. Despite its high population density, the UK has a significant resource of wood which could be use in a sustainable way as fuel, including 'waste' from tree surgery and from manufacturing, much of which currently goes to landfill. There are also existing woodlands, and new coppice plantations. The rising price of conventional energy over the last few years has made wood-fuel cheaper (per kWh) than fossil fuels and electricity for heating.
A number of policy drivers have encouraged heat users to consider using wood for heating, in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. These include the national Climate Change Levy, the European emissions trading scheme, and local legislation – in particular the 'Merton Rule' under which a number of local authorities now require 10% or more of renewable energy supply in all large new building developments.
There is therefore a growing demand for reliable companies to install wood-fuel boilers and heating systems in the UK and Wood Energy Ltd is one of the leaders in this market.
Wood energy on the road to a boiler installation
Technology and use
Wood-fuelled heating systems burn wood in a boiler to produce hot water for central heating systems or steam for industrial processes and very large buildings. The boilers used by Wood Energy in all large installations are made by the Austrian company Binder, for whom Wood Energy is the sole UK distributor. Italian Extraflame stoves and boilers are used for smaller domestic heat loads.
The emphasis of the Binder boiler design is on high quality and high performance, with low maintenance requirements. Careful control of the fuel and air supply ensures that the wood is burned at an efficiency of over 90% from full rated output down to 20% output. This is important because demand for heat at many sites varies greatly with season and often throughout the day as well. The boilers are able to cope with a wide range of moisture content, allowing flexibility in the source and quality of fuel that is used. The exhaust gases are thoroughly cleaned to remove all ash, while exhaust gas recirculation and a lambda sensor (which measures O2 content in the exhaust) ensure complete combustion and minimise the production of NOX. Wood Energy has recently put several Binder boilers through UK clean air testing, and all models up to 1.2 MW are now approved for use in smoke control areas.
Workers from Wood Energy installing a wood chip binder boiler system on site in Redhill, Surrey to provide heat for 13 blocks of flats.
The heat exchanger in the Binder is automatically cleaned at preset intervals without affecting operation, to maintain efficiency, and ash is removed automatically from the boiler and stored, allowing collections to be made every few weeks or even months, depending the ash content of the fuel and the usage of the boiler. The boilers can be used with an accumulator tank (a very large hot-water store) so that the boiler can be fired at times of the day when heat is not needed, and the stored heat used to meet peak demand.
Small boilers systems can be installed and operating within four months of first enquiry, although larger systems take longer because they often go through extended consultancy and tendering processes. To speed up the installation process, Wood Energy has developed containerised systems, where the entire system arrives ready-to-use in a single standard cargo container.
To date about 100 commercial boilers have been installed or are under contract in the UK and Ireland with a total heat capacity of 28 MW
Wood Energy offers the full range of Binder boilers, capable of burning either wood chips or pellets, with outputs ranging from 15 kW to 10 MW. The size of systems installed has increased with time as Wood Energy developed the expertise to handle large projects. At present the most popular size range is around 400 kW, and the largest installed is 3 MW. To date about 100 commercial boilers have been installed or are under contract in the UK and Ireland with a total heat capacity of 28 MW, more that one third of the total wood-heat capacity in the UK. In addition to this, over 100 domestic boilers have been installed.
Users include hospitals, schools, local authorities and national parks – and the boiler system for the National Assembly of Wales.
How users pay
The installation costs of wood heating systems vary from under £200/kW to about £400/kW, depending on the complexity and features of the installation; smaller systems cost more per kW than larger ones. Many users are able to claim a 30% grant under the DTI Low Carbon Building Programme, and businesses can often claim an Enhanced Capital Allowance, offsetting the cost of the boiler and its installation against tax.
Wood Energy has recently taken on its first customer under an energy supply contract, where they act as an Energy Service Company (ESCo). The customer pays Wood Energy for heat, and Wood Energy has the responsibility for managing the system and the wood-fuel supply.
Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council (MBC)
Training, support and quality control
Wood Energy currently offers a two year parts and labour warranty. All users are trained to ensure that they are able to carry out day-to-day operation of the boiler without any assistance from Wood Energy.
A full service is carried out at least once per year, and remote monitoring systems are now being introduced, which will help users monitor their equipment and also allow Wood Energy engineers to diagnose problems and make adjustments without even visiting the customer site in some cases, and be better prepared for the annual service visits.
Where customers require guaranteed heat supply (for instance hospitals and business operations) a backup boiler is always required, irrespective of the fuel used by the main boiler. When the main boil uses wood-fuel, the backup boiler will usually burn oil or gas. This has been done in about 40% of installations, although in practice the backup boilers have rarely been used.
The company has encouraged the development of the wood fuel supply chain.
The development of the wood fuel supply chain to provide this fuel is creating jobs in production and supply businesses.
The work of Wood Energy brings significant environmental benefits. From monitoring at some sites, Wood Energy estimates that the current 28 MW installations are generating about 50 GWh/year of heat. Most of this replaces oil and gas, and thus avoids the emission of about 11,600 tonnes/year of CO2, along with other pollutants like SO2. About 17,500 tonnes/year of wood are used in the systems installed by Wood Energy. The development of the wood fuel supply chain to provide this fuel is creating jobs in production and supply businesses. It is also benefiting woodland by bringing it under regular management, thereby encouraging biodiversity.
The systems that Wood Energy has installed to date provide heat for a variety of users. The largest system is a 3 MW heating plant for greenhouses at a nursery, which is used for three or four months per year to extend the growing season. In 2006 Wood Energy installed the first system in the UK to generate process steam from wood-fuel, providing 1.65 MW at an animal feed mill. This type of system is used at nearly 100% capacity throughout the year (100% load factor), because of the constant process demand, and thus makes very efficient use of the boiler plant. Several woodfuelled boilers have been installed in new hospital buildings, where the load factor is still quite high at 35%, because of the heavy demand for hot water even in summer. A high-profile installation is the boiler system for the National Assembly of Wales, 'the Senedd', in Cardiff. Other users include schools, local authorities, national parks and community developments.
Ashden guides
Biomass briquettes and pellets
Economic and employment benefits
The customers of Wood Energy benefit from the lower cost of wood-fuel compared to fossil fuels, typical costs of wood chip are currently less than 2p/kWh for wood compared with about 3-4p/kWh for gas and oil. For many this also leads to exemption from Climate Change Levy payments. The payback period will vary according to the size of the system, the local fuel cost and load factor. However, medium and large scale projects typically achieve payback periods of between 4 and 10 years before any grant support is taken into consideration.
Potential for growth and replication
The demand for wood-fuelled heating in the UK is high and is expected to continue to rise, due to demand for low-carbon technologies in new and refurbished buildings. In the short term the continuing availability of grants is important because of the higher capital costs for wood-fuelled boilers, but wood-fuel will become increasingly attractive without grants as the cost of alternatives increase.