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Telling Secrets
Alex Wellerstein introduces us to the strange world of nuclear secrecy.
By Michal Meyer | November 9, 2015
Alex Wellerstein leans against an Mk-17 hydrogen bomb casing at the National Museum of Nuclear Science and History in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Ellen Bales
Alex Wellerstein studies the often bizarre history of nuclear secrecy and nuclear weapons, but this work keeps him very much in the present. He is a professor of history of science at Stevens Institute of Technology; is an adviser to the Atomic Heritage Foundation; writes the popular blog, Restricted Data; and consults for the fictional television show Manhattan. In an interview with Distillations editor in chief Michal Meyer, Wellerstein talks about the history of secrecy, the ups and downs of working with declassified material, and what it's like to be a historian on a fictional show.
Q: Why did you choose to study nuclear history?
A: I was at Berkeley as an undergraduate, and Berkeley played a big role in the history of nuclear weapons as a university and as a region. That local connection drew me in initially. And I found that you practically can't help but tell an interesting story when talking about something that people are afraid will destroy the world or will save the world. Anything that's mundane that mixes into that binary suddenly becomes interesting. Water supply is a mundane topic, but if you're asking what happens to it after a nuclear war, then the question becomes fantastical. Among other things, it led scientists to ask what happens to beer after a nuclear war. To find out, they took beer and exposed it to a nuclear test and then did taste tests. That's surreal. What happens to housing prices after nuclear war? These sorts of questions end up leading to absurd answers very quickly.
Q: What's it like to work with formerly classified material?
A: The secrecy makes it a fun but frustrating topic. It feels something like detective work, trying to ferret out what people were thinking in the past. Sometimes there's an X'ed out part or a part cut out of a document. I know I'm not getting the whole story, so what can I say despite the gaps? Most of the time the enemy of historians is the violence of a past that destroys archives, that doesn't write things down, and that doesn't remember. What makes secrecy interesting is that we usually know the document exists. What's limiting our access is this changing policy of security and secrecy. The censor is not allowed to tell you why they're not giving you something and can't even give you anything that would indicate context because that is secret. One of the side effects of classification is that no one is legally allowed to lose or destroy the classified document. Losing it is a crime; destroying it without filling out all the forms is a crime. The record base is very good. Richard Hewlett, the one-time historian for the Atomic Energy Commission, pointed out an irony: records are well kept because of the combined effects of secrecy and bureaucracy. You can't legally destroy the document, and that document probably has five copies of itself.
Part of my job, since I write on secrecy and its history, is to reconstruct the mind-set of the censor. There is stuff that can be known to anybody with an Internet connection that the censors can't release because they don't want to confirm something is true, even though people know it's true. It's not about the sheer fact of knowing; it's that there are consequences when one piece of knowledge is released. There are diplomatic and legal consequences, for example, in acknowledging that a country has nuclear weapons. Once the U.S. officially acknowledges something, it's truly hard to take it back. The system is inherently conservative for that reason.
Q: How far back does official secrecy go?
A: The biggest story about secrecy in the United States and the biggest surprise to a lot of people is that official secrecy here is not very old. Some countries have long histories of official secrets, like Britain. The United States, by contrast, was founded by a bunch of people who believed in lofty Enlightenment principles; they believed in things like transparency and openness in government, which favor the transmission of information. There's nothing in the Constitution that explicitly lets the government keep secrets. We had informal secrecy, diplomatic secrecy, but there weren't big laws behind them. We didn't have laws for punishing civilians for sharing secrets until the 20th century. The real secrecy infrastructure doesn't come until World War I when we get the Patent Secrecy Act, the Espionage Act, and other legislation allowing for harsh punishments for giving secrets away as well as the first laws for restricting technical information.
In World War II that secrecy infrastructure becomes massive. The FBI starts processing hundreds of thousands of security clearances. They had to rent out the D.C. Armory, a mixed-use stadium, to have enough physical space for all the paperwork. These aren't even the secrets; it's the paperwork authorizing people to see the secrets.
The Manhattan Project's existence was itself a secret. Around half a million people worked on it, a little under 1% of the entire civilian workforce at the time. They were enrolled in making the atomic bomb, and only a handful of people know how all the pieces go together. They pioneered some of the extreme secrecy practices. After World War II that secrecy got exported to all federal agencies: there are people in the Post Office who have security clearances. Secrecy became regularized, and some words have become normal: classified, declassified, top secret. In World War II people put quotation marks around these words because they were so new.
Q: There is a mythology surrounding some of the major figures in nuclear history. How do you separate the historical reality from myth?
A: J. Robert Oppenheimer is a good example, often thought of as somebody who was always against the hydrogen bomb. Sometimes he supported it; sometimes he opposed it. At the time, he was most strongly against the hydrogen bomb because he wanted to build small, tactical nuclear weapons: he wanted lots of little nuclear bombs instead of a few big nuclear bombs. That's a much more nuanced position than a lot of people realize. In many cases a lot of the heroes we have are a little less heroic then we like to say, and some of the villains are a little less villainous. The secrecy can sometimes obscure this, too.
Q: What are the ways in which nuclear history can help us better understand contemporary challenges?
A: I don't have any sound bites about what the history of nuclear weapons tells us going forward, except to say that from a purely technical standpoint nuclear weapons are in principle really easy to regulate and to control. They require massive factories, huge amounts of money and electricity, and thousands of tons of uranium—all of which is hard to hide. In many ways regulating nuclear technology and weapons is much easier than regulating some of the emerging technologies like cyber warfare, nanotechnology, and synthetic biology. And that should disturb people because we haven't done the greatest job of regulating nuclear weapons.
Q: You consult for a television show. What is it like for a historian to work with Hollywood?
A: I consult for Manhattan on the network WGN America, which has plots in a heavily fictionalized version of Los Alamos during World War II. They just finished filming the second season in July. The way it works is they tell me the sorts of plots they have in mind or the sorts of questions they might have, and I try to come up with interesting answers. They like that this history was a lot more messy and sometimes more seedy and sometimes more accidental than most people realize. I go into these familiar stories and pick out something that is completely overlooked and is often just bizarre, but actually occurred. For example, in one paragraph in an official, internal history of the Manhattan Project, the author notes that everything went fine with a minor accident they had while soaking enriched uranium in water, except that someone's hair fell out. I think, "Oh, my God, I wonder what happened there." I feed stuff like that to the writers, and it gives them raw material to play with while they create their fictional stories. I don't write fiction myself, so it's interesting to see how it all works out in the end.
I'm grateful for the opportunity to do this, and for me it's the perfect example of how this kind of interaction between historians and fictional television should be done. You want somebody who can give the script writers a texture of the past and help make it feel real as opposed to making it feel neat and tidy. Any historian knows that history is a mess of people trying to figure out what is the right thing to do and often being completely wrong, or going down the wrong path and revising it all in hindsight to say they were right all along.
Michal Meyer
was editor in chief of Distillations.
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In space no one can hear ice scream! For more than 100 years scientists have been discovering and creating bizarre, exotic ices. Ices that can even burn a hole in you!
An Element of Order
Many scientists devised periodic systems in the 1860s, but Dmitri Mendeleev is today recognized as the father of the periodic table. How did this Russian provincial come to possess one of the most famous names in science?


Tipperary Minor Footballers upset the odds with a one point victory over hotly favoured Dublin in today's all-Ireland final. This was the Tipperary's first victory since 1934. On the way to the title Tipperary had beaten Limerick, Kerry, Cork, Roscommon and finally Dublin.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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THE OTHER 1821 REVOLUTION
"It seems to me that you sir consider the folk, whose blood has been feeding and giving lustre to all the boyar kin, to be in fact nothing, and that you only view the pillagers to be the motherland... But how come you sir do not consider the motherland to be in fact the people, and not the pillagers' clique?" Tudor Vladimirescu, on the Phanariotes of Wallachia.
The Greek Revolution was first proclaimed by Ypsilantis, as head of the Filiki Etairia, in Moldavia. Both Romanian speaking lands, Wallachia and Moldavia, were ruled by influential Greek families from the Phanar district of Constantinople, on behalf of the Ottomans. They had influence, power and money. For the thousands of Greeks that flocked to these semi-autonomous provinces in search of stability, equality and economic opportunity, Moldo-Wallachia was a veritable promised land, a colony of unlimited scope for profit.
Planning the Greek revolution in Romania was thus perfectly plausible. There was already a well-established network of high ranking Greek bureaucrats and notables who had been sworn into the Filiki Etairia, along with Romanian boyars who could provide resources, man-power but most importantly, cover for the surreptitious preparations. Thus, the Filiki Etairia was multi ethnic, including not only the influential captains Giorgakis Olympios and Ioannis Farmakis, but also boyars Alecu Filipescu-Vulpea, Grigore Brâncoveanu, Tudor Vladimirescu, Russian consul Alexander Pini, the Bulgarian Pavel Macedonski, the Albanian Naum Bredhi, who went on to publish the first manifesto of Albanian nationalism. Ypsilantis, had every reason to believe that when the time came, the Orthodox Christians of the Moldo-Wallachian lands, would rise as one to expel the Turks.
Yet they did not. When Vasileios Karavias occupied Galați and aorganised pogrom of the local Turks, the native Moldavians fled the city and their boyars, shocked by the violence, refused to join the revolutionary Sacred Band. Why? Because, considering their Phanariote rulers to be exploitative, they were more anti-Greek than anti-Turk.
In Wallachia, to the south, Ypsilantis had cause to believe that he could rely on the co-operation of Tudor Vladimirescu, a significant military power broker. What he could not appreciate, was the level of resentment held by Vladimirescu and most Wallachians against Phanariot rule, and by extension, Hellenism and the Hellenisation of the Romanians. Vladimirescu held that the Greek rulers, who were corrupt, purchased their positions through bribery and fleeced the country in order to recoup their expenses, had stunted Romanian nationalism, with their emphasis on a common Eastern Orthodox identity. Furthermore, at least ideologically if not in practice, Vladimirescu railed against the oppression of the poor. He believed it was necessary not only to get rid of the Greeks, as agents of Turkish oppression, but also the boyars who oppressed the lower classes as well. For this reason, when he did revolt, as Ottomanist Kemal Karpat suggests, the Ottomans interpreted it as a local uprising aimed chiefly at the protection of the local population against Greek exploitation.
Nonetheless, Vladimirescu's 1821 revolt could not have taken place without the Filiki Etairia. Romanian historian Andrei Oțetea writes that his movement cannot be separated from the Etairia, who gave it "a chief, a program, a structure, the original impulse, tactics for propaganda and combat, [and] the first means of achieving its goals". Oțetea also claims that Vladimirescu was indirectly influenced by the political vision of Rigas Pheraios
t was thus the Filiki Etaireia that suggested that Tudor Vladimirescu organise a revolt in the region of Oltenia, as a way of obfuscating the Greek insurrection: a ruse conceived by Vladimirescu's friend, Yiorgakis Olympios. Yet when Vladimirescu raised the flag of revolt (paradoxically, his flag was blue and white, whereas that of the Greeks was red, black and white), on 22 January 1821, proclaiming: "There is no law that would prevent a man from meeting evil with evil," he also wrote a letter to the Sultan proclaiming that his revolt was anti-boyar rather than anti-Ottoman, a sentiment the Sublime Porte seems to have approved of.
Rather than co-ordinate his activities with Ypsilantis, as was the plan, Vladimirescu decided that he wanted to seize control of Wallachia for himself, resolving to march upon its capital, Bucharest. To repeated requests by the Filike Etaireia to desist, he responded that his conception of the motherland was fundamentally different: "the people, and not the "robber class."
As he progressed through the country, Vladimirescu began to persecute functionaries of the Phanariote regime. Interestingly enough, at this stage, he had many Greeks under his command, including a contingent of Greek volunteers from Germany. Arriving in Bucharest, he sent its Phanariot ruler, Scarlatos Callimachis an ultimatum, calling for , among other things, the removal of Phanariotes, and a specified racial quota in assigning offices and titles.
Ostensibly to unite with Vladimirescu, but more likely in the face of local hostility, Ypsilantis' Sacred Band crossed from Moldavia into Wallachia. Vladimirescu sent him letters asking him to withdraw, but these reached Ypsilantis when he was already in the city of Ploiești.
While camped there, the Sacred Band staged raids on civilians and engaged in multiple confiscations of property. This enraged the local population, something that Vladimirescu was quick to exploit, writing to Ypsilantis: "[I act] on the basis of the right given to me by my own sword."
On 21 March 1821, Vladimirescu entered Bucharest and immediately fighting broke out between his forces and those loyal to the Philiki Etaireia. The Arvanite captain Savvas Phocianos occupied the Metropolitan Cathedral and shot at Vladimirescu's forces, until he was compelled to accept Vladimirescu's executive and judicial authority over Wallachia. Soon after, Ypsilantis and the Sacred Band attempted to enter Bucharest. Vladimirescu denied them entry and when Ypsilantis and his staff were allowed to visit the city, they found themselves ridiculed by anti-Greek locals, who called theirs an army of "pie-makers."
Observing that the Greek army was small and ill prepared, Vladimirescu carved out an agreement to share Wallachia with Ypsilantis, he retaining the lion's share of the country, assigning the Muntenian stretch of the Southern Carpathians to the Greeks and their allies. In the meantime, Vladimirescu emphasised the brutality of the Greeks to his followers. As Cioranu, wrote: "just about most foreigners who were under Tudor's banners" abandoned their posts in Oltenia and joined the Sacred Band. In the process, they "looted churches, houses, villages, boyars, merchants and everything they could lay hands on, leaving Christians naked… and raping wives and girls in front of their husbands and fathers." Attacks on the Greek troops were made, ostensibly in order to prevent atrocities of this nature.
On 27 March, the remainder of the Greek forces in Moldavia were attacked by a pro-Ottoman, Austrian backed force led by Gavril Istrati. Vladimirescu, applauded its actions, writing to his own cabinet about the possibility of a common movement for justice. On 17 April, Vladimirescu inspired his boyars to draft an anti-Filiki Etaireia proclamation, accusing Ypsilanti of being a dishonoured guest in a "country that had received him with open arms." In Muntenia, which was now controlled by Ypsilantis, Vladimirescu fomented revolt among the local population against the Greeks. He also appealed to the Sultan for assistance, through an Ottoman subject, Nuri Ağa, circulating allegations that Ypsilantis and Callimachi were both conspirators, hinting that the Sultan could only ensure Wallachia's loyalty by removing the Phanariotes altogether.
The Sultan was not convinced. A large Ottoman army entered Wallachia and Vladimirescu turned tail and fled. Numerous clashes between the Greek and Vladimirescu armies ensued, as Ypsilantis' loyalists demanded that Vladimirescu at least defend Bucharest. Vladimirescu, on the other hand, provoked the Sacred Band, by dressing his men as Ottoman soldiers and staging fake attacks. As his situation grew more difficult, Vladimirescu became more unhinged. Fighter Dimitrie Macedonski, claimed to have stumbled upon proof that he had embezzled 1 million thaler, and demanded a trial. On 21 May, Ypsilantis agents marched into his camp and seized him. The Filiki Etaireia loyalists displayed his secret correspondence with the Sultan, causing the collapse of the Vladimirescu forces. The man himself was taken to the Sacred Band headquarters at Târgoviște, where he was tortured, shot, cut into pieces, and disposed of.
As a result of the internecine strife, resistance against the Ottomans was doomed. Ypsilantis' was routed at Drăgășani; the independent Wallachian fighters were massacred while resisting in northern Oltenia. Filiki Etaireia remnants, under Pharmakis and Olympios, held out at Secu Monastery in Moldavia. Olympios rdetonated himself during the siege, while Pharmakis was taken prisoner and decapitated. Savvas Phocianos was lured into Bucharest by the Ottomans with his men and they were all massacred. Such was the severity of the reprisal, that Ioan Dobrescu, the last Wallachian chronicler, reports that "even the mountains stank" from the corpses.
A national hero in Romania today, Vladimirescu presided of a revolution in concert with, but ultimately opposed to that of the Greek Revolution, simply on the basis of competing national narratives. While Marxist historians have attempted to emphasis the class struggle aspect of Vladimirescu's movement, Karl Marx himself considered the 1821 Wallachian revolt a nationalist struggle. Ultimately, while the kingdom of Greece was established within a decade, historians such as Potra view the Wallachian revolt as one of many steps towards the establishment of a Romanian state: "this first revolution, which opened the way for a line of struggles [...] for the independence and freedom of the Romanian nation, violently shook up the feudal order, contributing to the demise of the Phanariote regime."
When viewed from this perspective, the stirring lines of Rigas Pheraios' pre-nationalist call to arms for all peoples oppressed by the Ottomans, rings poignantly hollow:
"Στὴν δόξαν τοῦ πολέμου, νὰ τρέξωμεν μαζύ. Βουλγάροι, κι΄ Ἀρβανῆτες, Ἀρμένοι καὶ Ρωμιοί, Ἀράπιδες, καὶ ἄσπροι, μὲ μία κοινὴ ὁρμή…. ηλίστρα, καὶ Μπραΐλα, Σμαήλι καὶ Κυλί,
Μπενδέρι, καὶ Χωτήνι, ἐσένα προσκαλεῖ."
First published in NKEE on Saturday 23 March 2019
posted by PANEPIROTIC FEDERATION OF AUSTRALIA at Saturday, March 23, 2019
EGO, FAVORINUS
THE MACEDONIAN HOARD
ONE PEOPLE
BEFORE ITHACA
VARIATIONS ON A THEME
INTERNATIONAL GOTHIC AND PONTUS IN CRISIS
TSITSIPAS DEUS
PLAYGROUND GREEK
THE ENIGMA OF THE ARRIVAL AND AFTERNOON IN GREEK M...
THE PARTY LIASON


With California's ongoing drought and the rising cost of imported water, Padre Dam Municipal Water District broke ground on its new Advanced Water Purification Demonstration Project. The project, funded through a $3 million Proposition 50 grant from the Department of Water Resources, will use advanced water purification technologies to potentially diversify East County's water supply. It will provide a new source of water that is safe, reliable, locally controlled and drought-proof. The project is scheduled to begin operation in March 2015.
Padre Dam's Advanced Water Purification Demonstration Project will take wastewater through four advanced water treatment steps: free chlorine disinfection, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis and ultra violet/advanced oxidation. The demonstration project will operate for at least one year. During this time, the project will produce approximately 100,000 gal of purified water per day. The water will be tested daily to ensure it meets the public health objectives for California Health Department approval.
If the demonstration project is successful and the project moves forward, the water would be injected into the Santee groundwater basin where it would be naturally filtered, then withdrawn and treated again prior to distribution as drinking water. The project would have the potential to provide up to 3 mgd.
Padre Dam is also working with Helix Water District, the city of El Cajon and the County of San Diego to study the feasibility of developing an expanded East County Advanced Water Purification Program. The study will focus on the possibility of expanding Padre Dam's proposed Advanced Water Purification Project to accommodate and treat wastewater from the other agencies' service areas in order to provide a recycled water supply for local and regional groundwater recharge, reservoir augmentation and other potable reuse opportunities. This expanded program could produce up to an additional 10 mgd.


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Roncalli's boys win state volleyball championship
SUBMITTED PHOTO Roncalli defeated Cathedral Saturday to win the Indiana Boys Volleyball Coaches Association state title, the first for the school's program. "This was an amazing team," coach John Kesterson said. "Everyone had a role in the system and executed it to near perfection, but the team was truly led by the seniors. They are amazing individual athletes, but they suspended all ego and supported each other no matter what. Their sacrifice to do what was best for the team led us to the title." Seniors Nick Williams and Blake Powell and junior Sam Eiland were named to the All-Tournament team, and Williams was the MVP of the tourney. The Rebels won the first game 25-16, dropped the second game 23-25 and won the final two games 25-20 and 25-22. Roncalli advanced to the championship match by defeating defending state champion Carmel. Roncalli, which finished as runners-up in 2011, '13, '14 and '15, concluded its season with a 29-2 record.


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Tim Scott: Obama Blocking Jobs with Energy Policy
President Barack Obama is "out of touch" because he does not take seriously the jobs that would be created through the proposed Keystone XL pipeline project, South Carolina Republican Sen. Tim Scott said Saturday.
"The President is so out of touch with unemployed Americans that he thinks tens of thousands of Keystone XL construction jobs are a 'blip,' and 'not a jobs plan,'" the senator said in Saturday's GOP address, in which he slammed Obama's strategy for energy production.
"Opening access to responsible energy production will lower prices, create jobs, grow our economy, decrease dangerous dependence on foreign oil and lower the deficit by adding much needed revenue to the Treasury," Scott, a member of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, said.
But Obama is blocking efforts being made through his committee, Scott said, and the EPA is also hindering opportunity.
"Meanwhile, the new head of the EPA [Gina McCarthy] said she doesn't want to talk about jobs anymore as she writes new job killing regulations that will put tens of thousands of Americans out of work," Scott said. "That's not leadership."
Instead, Scott said, Obama's "failed leadership" on the nation's energy policy will cost all Americans more "when you buy food at the grocery store, take a family vacation, or turn your air conditioner on this summer."
But the government is wasting billions of taxpayer dollars trying to pick through the energy strategy, Scott said, and "this mindset disproportionately affects lower-income Americans, as energy costs consume a quarter of after-tax income for families making $30,000 or less."
Via: Newsmax
Bloomberg Soda ban ruling: Not the win we'd hoped for
Few people ruffle my libertarian fur more than Mayor Michael Bloomberg. So of course I celebrated the July 30 ruling against the Mayor's soda ban. But I limited the number of 16-plus ounce drinks that I popped in celebration. Not for health reasons, but because the win wasn't really the libertarian victory I was looking for. The actual win leaves the door open for future soda bans in New York and other cities.
Mayor Bloomberg's anti-soda crusade officially began on September 13, 2012 when the city's unelected Board of Health adopted amendment §81.53. The amendment, titled "Maximum Beverage Size," prohibited many city stores, movie theaters, and restaurants from selling sodas larger than 16 ounces in size. The reason? Mayor Bloomberg decided New Yorkers were too fat, and soda would suffer the consequences.
A whole host of groups affected by the ruling – including the New York Statewide Coalition of Hispanic Chambers of Commerce, The New York Korean-American Grocers Associate, and the National Restaurant Association – filed suit one month after the Board of Health enacted the ban. The New York trial court ruled against the soda ban on March 11, 2013. Bloomberg and company appealed.
FRACKING COMPANY GIVES UP ON NEW YORK
After fighting anti-fracking forces in the state of New York for years, Chesapeake Energy has decided to walk away from its natural gas drilling leases and go elsewhere.
Since 2008, the state of New York has imposed a moratorium on hydraulic fracturing—known more commonly as "fracking." Groups like New Yorkers Against Fracking have kept the pressure on, hosting star-studded concert rallies featuring actors Mark Ruffalo and Melissa Leo, as well as Natalie Merchant, John Sebastian, Joan Osborne, and others.
The ban and anti-fracking advocacy, combined with a costly legal battle to renew natural gas drilling leases under their original, more favorable terms, prompted Chesapeake to give up its fight and leave New Yorkers out of jobs and without economic growth "while neighboring states like Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia experience an energy drilling renaissance," says Reuters.
Kevin Colosimo, a trustee at large for the Energy and Mineral Law Foundation, says citizens in the neighboring state of Pennsylvania are reaping big rewards from the natural gas boom.
"Almost a quarter-million people in Pennsylvania work to produce natural gas from the Marcellus Shale or in related industries… The average salary in core fracking industries is more than $90,000 a year," writes Colosimo. "In 2010 alone, oil and gas development utilizing fracking contributed more than $11 billion to Pennsylvania's economy."
Experts say the earliest New York might lift its ban on fracking would be in 2014.
Food-Stamp Use Rises; Some 15% Get Benefits
Food-stamp use rose 2.4% in the U.S. in May from a year earlier, with more than 15% of the U.S. population receiving benefits. (See an interactive map with data on use since 1990.)
One of the federal government's biggest social welfare programs, which expanded when the economy convulsed, isn't shrinking back alongside the recovery.
Food stamp rolls were up 0.2% from the prior month, the U.S. Department of Agriculture reported in data that aren't adjusted for seasonal variations. Though annual growth continues, the pace has slowed since the depths of the recession.
The number of recipients in the food stamp program, formally known as theSupplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), is at 47.6 million, or nearly one in six Americans.
Illinois and Wyoming registered double-digit year-over-year jumps in use, while Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah and Washington state all posted annual drops.
Mississippi was the state with the largest share of its population relying on food stamps — 22% — though Washington, DC was a bit higher overall at 23%. One in five residents in Oregon, New Mexico, Louisiana, Tennessee, Georgia and Kentucky also were food-stamp recipients. Wyoming had the smallest share of its population on food stamps — 7%.
Via: WSJ
Critics question IRS initiative targeting small businesses
Small business owners across the country are receiving letters from the IRS questioning if they are reporting all of their cash income, in a new push by the agency some are saying could unnecessarily create fear in the small business community.
The Wall Street Journal reports the initiative is an attempt to respond to what the agency feels is a widespread failure by small businesses to report all their cash sales.
The agency says the letters are not the same as an audit, and it is simply seeking more tax information from the businesses. However, some lawmakers and business owners who received the letters say the initiative is alarming.
"There's an emotional thing when you get a pretty ominous-looking letter from the IRS, [saying] you might have done some bad things," small business owner Tom Reese tells the Wall Street Journal. "I really work hard with my accountant to make sure that I not only follow the law, but follow the letter of the law."
One letter the IRS sent is headlined, "Notification of Possible Income Underreporting." It notifies the business owner "your gross receipts may be underreported" and says they must complete a form "to explain why the portion of your gross receipts from non-card payments appears unusually low."
One lawmaker says the letter's tone implies wrongdoing from the start.
Reid says Obamacare just a step toward eventual single-payer system
In just about seven weeks, people will be able to start buying Obamacare-approved insurance plans through the new health care exchanges.
But already, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid is predicting those plans, and the whole system of distributing them, will eventually be moot.
Reid said he thinks the country has to "work our way past" insurance-based health care during a Friday night appearance on Vegas PBS' program "Nevada Week in Review."
"What we've done with Obamacare is have a step in the right direction, but we're far from having something that's going to work forever," Reid said.
When then asked by panelist Steve Sebelius whether he meant ultimately the country would have to have a health care system that abandoned insurance as the means of accessing it, Reid said: "Yes, yes. Absolutely, yes."
The idea of introducing a single-payer national health care system to the United States, or even just a public option, sent lawmakers into a tizzy back in 2009, when Reid was negotiating the health care bill.
"We had a real good run at the public option … don't think we didn't have a tremendous number of people who wanted a single-payer system," Reid said on the PBS program, recalling how then-Sen. Joe Lieberman's opposition to the idea of a public option made them abandon the notion and start from scratch.
Eventually, Reid decided the public option was unworkable.
Via: Las Vegas Sun
Location: Nevada, USA
Rand Paul: Boehner speakership in jeopardy over immigration reform
On Laura Ingraham's Friday radio show, Kentucky Republican Sen. Rand Paul said that if Speaker of the House John Boehner passed an immigration reform bill similar to the Gang of Eight's, it would be one of the "final things he did as speaker."
Paul offered an update on Congress' immigration reform efforts: Earlier this summer, the Democratic-controlled U.S. Senate passed its version of immigration reform legislation. Despite that, Paul still lobbied for his amendment that would put Congress in charge of making sure the border is secure .
"I'm not hearing much," Paul said. "It's gone pretty quiet on it. And I still think they're still working on something in the House and the conservative members that have come up to me — what I keep saying and what I come back to is my amendment is trust but verify and in my amendment, I say you have to have congressional votes each year for about five years and each time we have to vote to say the border is more secure."
Host Laura Ingraham was skeptical of Paul's position, noting that Congress may be in hands of Democrats who would like to see a weakened border for their own political gain. Paul said that would still be better than a president with sole discretion.
Labels: John Hishta, Rand Paul
A 47-STORY HIGH-RISE HAS A TALL PROBLEM: THEY FORGOT THE ELEVATORS
At 47 stories, the In Tempo skyscraper in Spain is set to be the tallest residential building in the European Union.
But anyone living on floors 21 through 47 has a problem: to get any higher than the 20th floor, you have to take the stairs.
The In Tempo skyscraper in Spain was built without any elevators to the top floors. (Image: YouTube)
Builders are likely more than a little red-faced after discovering that the 650-foot luxury high-rise under construction in the resort city of Benidorm is missing a crucial element — an elevator that goes all the way to the top of the building. Imagine the difficulty you would have trying to move into your apartment on any floor between 21 and 47.
The In Tempo was originally designed as a pair of 20-story residential towers, but was later upgraded to add the extra 27 floors. The project was supposed to be completed and opened by 2009. Behind schedule and in a rush to move the project along, someone (or a lot of someones) neglected to design and allocate space for elevators and the machinery needed to operate them.According to Gizmodo, the architects on the project resigned after the embarrassing error was discovered.
The twin tower complex is certainly an interesting design. This video spotted on YouTube shows some of the In Tempo Towers aggressive style that includes a bridge and multi-story pavilion between the towers.
Via: The Blaze
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I've had various varieties come in from all over the world country, and I gotta say this sauce stacks way up there. With it's deep red hue and a deep complex flavor to match, this sauce has been my favorite around the house for the past few weeks. In fact, it's the only sauce my wife has been referring to by name. The other ones she just kinda points at – this one? Or how bout this one? 🙂 For that and for the reasons listed herein, it gets my highest rating of 5 stars.


Kashmiris on both sides of the Line of Control and the world over are observing Black Day today to convey to the international community that they reject Indian illegal occupation of Jammu and Kashmir.
It was on this day in 1947 when Indian troops landed in Srinagar and forcibly occupied Jammu and Kashmir in total disregard to the partition plan of the subcontinent and against the aspirations of the Kashmiris.
Complete shutdown is being observed in the occupied Kashmir on the call given by the All Parties Hurriyat Conference and others Hurriyat leaders.
In Germany' a seminar was organized by the Institute for Cultural Diplomacy in Berlin to mark the Kashmir Black Day.
Speaking on the occasion' Pakistan Ambassador to Germany Mr. Abdul Basit said the dispute of Jammu and Kashmir should be resolved according to the resolutions of United Nations permanently for viable and lasting peace in South Asia.
A representative of Amnesty International' Dr. Michael Gottlob' gave a vivid account of human rights violations and the atrocities being committed by Indian army and other law enforcing agencies in Indian Occupied Kashmir.
He condemned the Kashmir-specific draconian laws and demanded their repeal immediately.
President of the Institute for Cultural Democracy' Dr. Mark Donfried' highlighted the grisly human rights situation in Indian-held Kashmir.


A theme in banners throughout Sunset Place and in print media is: "It's On the Horizon." These projects are signaling refreshing changes for the center in anticipation of its transformation by new ownership and management. "Activating large canvases like what you're now seeing brings inspiring art and engages community involvement," reports Alex Schreer, Director Marketing for Grass River Management.
The center commissioned University of Miami graduate art student Izia Lindsay to transform the seven structural columns at the Sunset Drive entry plaza into a canvas for abstract landscapes of South Florida's native wildlife, where locals and visitors have been able to watch him transform the area firsthand.
During the first week of July, working at night (from 10p to 6a) using some 100 cans of spray paint, the Trinidadian muralist created columns of "Tropical Nouveau," transforming the blank 30 foot high and 10 foot round into works of art."
Lindsay is known for large, colorful murals that reflect nature, and his work has previously graced the walls of Miami's Wynwood as well as communities in Barbados, Suriname, Curacao and his native Trinidad. Just minutes from where he currently lives and attends school, this project hits especially close to home. "I'm honored to have the opportunity to create a work of art for the South Miami community that has welcomed me and become my second home," said Lindsay.
At age twenty-four, Izia is a MFA Graduate student at UM and also a Teaching Assistant. He began his graduate studies last August and expects to be graduating in 2018. He first visited Miami as an exchange student at UM four years ago, where he spent a semester working on his final year thesis and knew he wanted to return. "This visit had a great impact on me making a decision to further my studies at the University of Miami," says Lindsey.
From the sidewalks during SOMiartwalk© and the "SOMI Sidewalk Showcase" of local talent, to the walls of Sunset Place, students from the National Honors Society art magnet program at South Miami Senior High School, have been involved in community art projects. At the SOMiartwalk© they brought art on the sidewalks with colorful chalk renderings, appreciated by passersby for many days later.
Now, they are working on a more permanent art project at Sunset Place. Here, the high school students are taking on their own once-in-a-lifetime project in the Sunset Place grotto, where they are working with their peers to bring vibrant nature scenes to life on the grotto columns.
Read more at somimag.com .


text:
Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets
A Comprehensive Guide to Trading Methods and Applications
By: John J. Murphy
Narrated by: Jamie Renell
Categories: Money & Finance, Investing & Trading
Market Wizards
Interviews with Top Traders
By: Jack D. Schwager, Bruce Kovner, Richard Dennis, and others
Narrated by: Dj Holte
What separates the world's top traders from the vast majority of unsuccessful investors? In this iconic financial classic, Jack Schwager sets out to answer this question in his interviews with superstar money-makers including Bruce Kovner, Richard Dennis, Paul Tudor Jones, Michel Steinhardt, Ed Seykota, Marty Schwartz, Tom Baldwin, and more in this audiobook.
Absolutely essential!
By Dave Cassim on 31-10-18
Psychology, Trading Tactics, Money Management
By: Alexander Elder
Narrated by: Richard Davison
A hundred-thousand investors have turned to this best-selling guide for mastering successful trading by Dr. Alexander Elder, a professional trader, a world-classs expert in technical analysis, and a practicing psychiatrist. He believes that successful trading is based on three M's: Mind, Method, and Money. Trading for a Living helps discipline your Mind, shows you the Methods for trading the markets, and show you have to manage Money in your trading accounts.
A nice book!
By Gavin on 04-12-09
The New Market Wizards
Conversations with America's Top Traders
By: Jack D. Schwager
In The New Market Wizards, successful traders relate the financial strategies that have rocketed them to success. Asking questions that listeners with an interest or involvement in the financial markets would love to pose to the financial superstars, Jack D. Schwager encourages these financial wizards to share their insights. Entertaining, informative, and invaluable, The New Market Wizards is destined to become another Schwager classic.
If you're a trader, buy this.
By Mr on 22-11-17
Technical Analysis for Dummies, 3rd Edition
By: Barbara Rockefeller
Narrated by: Megan Tusing
Technical analysis is a collection of techniques designed to help you make trading decisions in securities markets. Technical Analysis for Dummies helps you take a hard-headed look at what securities prices are actually doing rather than what economists or analysts say they should be doing, giving you the know-how to use that data to decide whether to buy or sell individual securities. Since the publication of the first edition, listeners have been faced with many changes, such as new interest rates, looming bank crises, and adjusting market climates.
Amazing book
By Andreas Georgiou on 02-07-21
Mastering the Trade, Third Edition
Proven Techniques for Profiting From Intraday and Swing Trading Setups
By: John Carter
Narrated by: Scott R. Pollak
The go-to guide for launching a lucrative career in trading - fully updated for today's turbulent markets. One of today's most successful traders, John F. Carter has made his popular guide more relevant and effective than ever. This new audio edition of Mastering the Trade includes the essential content that has made it a bestselling classic, and includes critical new information for making the best trading decisions in every situation.
Elliott Wave Principle - Key to Market Behavior
By: Robert R. Prechter Jr, AJ Frost
Narrated by: T. David Rutherford
Take a moment to look over your books about investing. Have any of them given you a successful method for making profits and reducing risks? Is there even one such book that has proven reliable over the years? Alas, most investors would say no. That's because so few investment books are classic in the true sense: For years investors keep buying the book, and they keep using the method to make the most of their opportunities.
How to Make Money in Stocks, Third Edition
A Winning System in Good Times or Bad
By: William J. O'Neil
Narrated by: Chris Ryan
When it was first published, How to Make Money in Stocks hit the investing world like a jolt, providing people with the first in-depth explanation of William J. O'Neil's CAN SLIM investing method. Five years later, O'Neil, founder for the industry icon Investor's Business Daily, revised his classic text and provided people with a newer glimpse on how the average investor can make money in the equities market. This third edition of How to Make Money in Stocks has been revised and updated with new chapters designed to help investors increase their performance.
Trading in the Zone
Master the Market with Confidence, Discipline, and a Winning Attitude
By: Mark Douglas
Narrated by: Kaleo Griffith
Douglas uncovers the underlying reasons for lack of consistency and helps traders overcome the ingrained mental habits that cost them money. He takes on the myths of the market and exposes them one by one teaching traders to look beyond random outcomes, to understand the true realities of risk, and to be comfortable with the "probabilities" of market movement that governs all market speculation.
By richard hannay on 12-12-18
How to Day Trade for a Living
A Beginner's Guide to Trading Tools and Tactics, Money Management, Discipline and Trading Psychology
By: Andrew Aziz
Narrated by: Kevin Foley
Very few careers can offer you the freedom, flexibility, and income that day trading does. As a day trader, you can live and work anywhere in the world. You can decide when to work and when not to work. You only answer to yourself. That is the life of the successful day trader. Many people aspire to it, but very few succeed. In the audiobook, I describe the fundamentals of day trading, explain how day trading is different from other styles of trading and investment, and elaborate on important trading strategies that many traders use every day.
Excellent introduction to a Day trading Career
How to Trade in Stocks
By: Jesse Livermore
Narrated by: Joseph Kant
Jesse Livermore was a loner, an individualist - and the most successful stock trader who ever lived. Written shortly before his death in 1940, How to Trade Stocks offered traders their first account of that famously tight-lipped operator's trading system. Written in Livermore's inimitable, no-nonsense style, it interweaves fascinating autobiographical and historical details with step-by-step guidance on: reading market and stock behaviors.
Very blah
By ALAN & ALISA DUTCH on 31-05-20
How I Made $2,000,000 in the Stock Market
By: Nicolas Darvas
Narrated by: Ronald Eastwood
Hungarian by birth, Nicolas Darvas trained as an economist at the University of Budapest. Reluctant to remain in Hungary until either the Nazis or the Soviets took over, he fled at the age of 23 with a forged exit visa and 50 pounds sterling to stave off hunger in Istanbul, Turkey. During his off hours, he read some 200 books on the market and speculators, studying as much as eight hours a day. Darvas invested his money into some of stocks that had been hitting their 52-week high. He was surprised that the stocks continued to rise and subsequently sold them to make a large profit.
Simple and to the Point
By Mr. Philip Bleakley on 07-07-20
The Complete TurtleTrader
How 23 Novice Investors Became Overnight Millionaires
By: Michael W. Covel
Narrated by: Joel Richards
This is the true story behind Wall Street legend Richard Dennis, his disciples, the Turtles, and the trading techniques that made them millionaires. What happens when ordinary people are taught a system to make extraordinary money? Richard Dennis made a fortune on Wall Street by investing according to a few simple rules.
valuable for developing trading strategy.
By lauren on 11-05-17
Reminiscences of a Stock Operator (Harriman Definitive Editions): The Classic Novel Based on the Life of Legendary Stock Market Speculator Jesse Livermore
By: Lefevre Edwin
Narrated by: R F McCoy
Reminiscences of a Stock Operator is the unforgettable story of the life of Jesse Livermore, one of Wall Street's greatest ever stock speculators. Loosely fictionalised in 1923 in collaboration with journalist Edwin Lefevre, this is the story of the highs and the lows, the strategies and the street smarts, the epic wins (and sometimes epic losses) that has inspired generations of investors and traders.
Quite dull
By Midnight Chance on 12-09-19
Trend Following, 5th Edition
How to Make a Fortune in Bull, Bear and Black Swan Markets
Narrated by: Joel Richards, Michael Covel
Want to take the financial journey to a new investing philosophy that might very well affect the rest of your moneymaking life? No one can guarantee the yellow brick road, but Michael Covel promises the red pill will leave you wide awake. Trend Following reveals the truth about a trading strategy that makes money in up, down, and surprise markets.
Absolute waste of time!!
Mastering the Market Cycle
Getting the Odds on Your Side
By: Howard Marks
Narrated by: Howard Marks, LJ Ganser
Understand and take advantage of the fluctuations of markets and come out ahead by learning when and where to invest your money. Economies, companies and markets operate in accordance with patterns which are influenced by naturally occurring events combined with human psychology and behaviour. The wisest investors learn to appreciate these rhythms and identify the best opportunities to take actions which will transform their finances for the better.
Great rational perspective
The Mental Game of Trading
A System for Solving Problems with Greed, Fear, Anger, Confidence, and Discipline
By: Jared Tendler
Narrated by: Jared Tendler
If you are like most traders, you probably overlook or misunderstand mental and emotional obstacles. While many trading psychology books offer sound advice, they don't show you how to do the necessary work. That's why you haven't solved the problems hurting your performance. With straight talk and practical solutions, Jared Tendler brings a new voice to trading psychology. In The Mental Game of Trading, he busts myths about emotions, greed, and discipline, and shows you how to look past the obvious to identify the real reasons you're struggling.
The Game Changer
By J. Bird on 03-05-21
Security Analysis: Sixth Edition
Foreword by Warren Buffett
By: Benjamin Graham, David Dodd
First published in 1934, Security Analysis is one of the most influential financial books ever written. Selling more than one million copies through five editions, it has provided generations of investors with the timeless value investing philosophy and techniques of Benjamin Graham and David L. Dodd. As relevant today as when they first appeared nearly 75 years ago, the teachings of Benjamin Graham, "the father of value investing", have withstood the test of time across a wide diversity of market conditions, countries, and asset classes.
Excellent audiobook with many examples missing from the pdf
Advanced Techniques in Day Trading
A Practical Guide to High Probability Strategies and Methods
Narrated by: Chris Abell
This well-thought-out training regimen begins with an in-depth look at the necessary tools of the trade, including your scanner, software, and platform, and then moves to practical advice on subjects such as how to find the right stocks to trade, how to define support and resistance levels, and how to best manage your trades in the stress of the moment.
Accompanying pdf doesn't seem to be available
By M on 05-06-20
John J. Murphy has updated his landmark best seller Technical Analysis of the Futures Markets to include all of the financial markets.
This outstanding reference has already taught thousands of traders the concepts of technical analysis and their application in the futures and stock markets. Covering the latest developments in computer technology, technical tools, and indicators, the second edition features new material on candlestick charting, intermarket relationships, stocks and stock rotation, plus state-of-the-art examples and figures. From how to read charts to understanding indicators and the crucial role technical analysis plays in investing, listeners gain a thorough and accessible overview of the field of technical analysis, with a special emphasis on futures markets. Revised and expanded for the demands of today's financial world, this audiobook is essential listening for anyone interested in tracking and analyzing market behavior.
This audiobook includes a PDF of charts and graphs related to analyzing financial markets.
PLEASE NOTE: When you purchase this title, the accompanying PDF will be available in your Audible Library along with the audio.
©1999 John J. Murphy (P)2020 Penguin Audio
A Thousand Brains
Earth in Upheaval
What listeners say about Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets
guvnor
Where's the pdf
audio says a pdf with charts is available.. - it isn't.
this is the same as "charting and technical analysis" by fred mcallen - a great book but the book refers throughout to numerous charts -but no charts available..
So mr. audible- tell your chart master maker that xmas is over and to get back to work.
Armands Svikis
for the time, a good book.
The book is 20 years old however still has important information on risk management
K's Thoughts
Good foundation
This audiobook gives a great foundation in developing an understanding of technical analysis. I found it so useful i bought the hardback as well. If you've got this far in reviewing books to develop your trading, just get the book.
Essentials for trading
Great book, I listen it while jogging and usually checking figures in the pdf before a workout.
pdf is missing a lot of charts ?
Was really excited when I saw this as an audible but sadly not impressed when I opened the pdf and noticed there was many gaps in the overview and even when trying to select a page they are random … can this be rectified as the pdf is required to understand the teachings in this book ???
James Macdonald
Although this audiobook is good and it has an accompanying pdf I really think the most benefit would come from actually reading the book. Some things you really need to see to understand.
absolutly terrible narrater
the narrater breathing is guaranteed to disturb and completely distract you. Very hard to enjoy
lost PDF has been added!!!
I noticed how most people did not have the pdf but it has been added!
Thank goodness it's finally out
I've been waiting for this book to be an audible for about 9 months, thanks for uploading it. It's great to follow along with the book.
Cameron Cobb
Good content, missing a lot of valuable graphics
Great audiobook. I like to read the book while listening to the audiobook. There were a lot of missing graphics that are in the book but are not included in the audiobook. Buyer beware.
Honest opinion
Pdf Problem Fixed
I use the Audible app on my phone and I download the book right when it was released but I didn't have the PDF. I guess it might be something with audible. but I removed the book then re-download the book and boom the PDF is there now. hope this helps anyone else having issues accessing their PDF. Happy Trading.
Christopher Siebert
THE PDF ARE MISSING FIGURES. LOOK AT THE PDF THEY
Are MISSING THE PDF ARE MISSING FIGURES. LOOK AT THE PDF THEY
Let Me Bang!
So informative
I will continue to listen to this for years to come..this is a game changer here!
Lewis Ross
easy listening, narrative was great. informative
very informative which touches on some of the technical analyst. planning on applying when trading stocks
PDF included not complete
The PDF doesn't have all the charts referenced in the book even though the reader says so.
cannot follow without full pdf
missing PDF figures, some chapters simply cannot be followed without them. . . . .
great book great performance and excellent story.
technical analysis in general with a focus on futures.the performance is really good. keeps you attached and interested


Due to inclement weather our East Brunswick Service Center & Shop will close today, Friday, February 8 at 2 PM. Our Cherry Hill and Newfield Service Centers & Shops are closed to the public Friday, February 8 and Saturday, February 9 due to our office relocation. To find out more about the office relocation click here.
Girl Leadership Summit (GLS) scheduled for Saturday, February 9, 2013 at Rowan University. Safety of our members is always our primary concern and we do not want to put our members, GLS presenters or staff members in any danger while traveling to the program.
We have rescheduled the GLS for Saturday, May 11, 2013 at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey from 9 AM to 3 PM. All current registrants will automatically be registered for the new program date of May 11. If you cannot attend the GLS in May please contact Director of Girl Scout Leadership Experience, Kimberly Reed at kreed@gscsnj.org as soon as possible. If you have any additional questions please contact Fund Development Specialist, Carol Miller at cmiller@gscsnj.org.
For additional updates regarding council programs and cancellations please follow GSCSNJ on Facebook and Twitter. Thank you for your patience and understanding. Please be safe through the duration of the storm.


Love this idea. Keep the tips coming!
By the way, anyone got a good name for this "column."
How about "Myrtle's Mingy Methods"? Or "Economical Expertise by Myrtle"? Or "Myrtle's Tightwad Tips"? Or "Myrtle's Penny-pinching Pointers"?
Okay, I'm getting carried away.


Solar lights are becoming perfects solution for lighting these days. Either it is indoor lights, outdoor lights, garden lights, street lamps, emergency lights or spot lights; solar power operated models are replacing mainstream electricity model of almost every kind of lights. On the market there are plenty of models available from which you could choose one according to your requirement. Here we are going to suggest you something for making your outdoor more beautiful and exquisite.
A solar power operated outdoor LED spot light unit by Amir, a perfect solution for the people who wants to expenses less and wants more. So let examine more aspects of this product and figure out how it could be more or less useful as a outdoor lighting solution.
Amir solar powered this LED spot light can be used as a outline of your garden, pathways or yards, or you can choose it for highlighting your outdoor stairs or any other outdoor unite. This is also best for the people who want a concentrated beam for illuminating any objects in garden or yard. With almost no maintenance charge and easy installation makes this LED spot light more unique as compare to other same alike products. It can also be used by many ways, either you can stick this unite in to the ground of soft soil like garden or can easily mount to the walls with screw. Beams of this spotlight are adjustable so you can easily spot it on the unit for illuminating that.
Newest upgraded version in 2015, better than previously released version.
For absorbing more sunshine and reduce battery charging time it uses bigger solar panel.
Adjustable design gives you freedom to changing spotted objects or paths.
Multi mode installation option, by which you can easily use it whether it is a garden or porch.
Life span of the battery is about 3 years so no need to worry about changing it so often.
LEDs offers 200 lumen output to shine brighter light.
Angle is adjustable within 180 degree, which makes it easy to use without changing setup.
Installation can be done in many ways.
Offers two modes of lighting – high light and dim light mode.
Fully water resistible, so almost no possible damage by water.
Each LED is 10mm uses 0.5 watt and delivers up to 6500 colour temperatures.
Battery can last up to 8 to 14 hours on a single charge.
Amir LED spot light is best solution for any outdoor lighting or decorative need. This is perfect for garden lighting, lighting up your pathways, decks, patios, stairways etc.
This LED spotlight comes with inbuilt quality LEDs. Each LED is 10mm and consumes up to 0.5 watt. It can provide 200 lumen flux for brighter results. Unit is easy to fix and use, can be easily adjusted and rotate within 180 degrees which is quite sufficient to cover almost every unite of a side.
This LED spot light has two modes for operating, one is High light mode which offers full capacity of LEDs and draw batteries in just 8 hours and second one in dim light mode which use a compatible dim light but saves battery and could light us up to 14 hours.
Life of inbuilt batteries is up to 3 years and water resistivity quality makes give it freedom to use any outdoor space.
There are some reviews where buyer claiming that light doesn't work properly. So here is my advice to charge the unite at least for 8 hours before first use to avoid such kind of malfunctions.
Amir solar operated LED spot light is good and worth picking, fulfils almost every need of outdoor decoration and lighting that is why more than 64% buyers awarded it with 5 star rating. Fully solar operational this light can turn your gardens or pathways in to a beautiful and location without putting any extra burden on your electricity bill. This is unique and beams are so attractive to impress you just in single time use. Click here to buy the product.


We spent 36 hours to find a best option for you is a Sun Joe TJ603E 16-Inch 12-Amp Electric Tiller and Cultivator, which comes with amazing features you've never heard before. It is the Best Rotary cultivators available in the market today. However, if you don't want to spend big on Rotary cultivators, then you should absolutely go for ALLIS CHALMERS 101 Rotary Cultivator . Operators Manual which comes with all the basic features one could expect in Rotary cultivators.
To help you in your search, we have completed this list of the Best Rotary cultivators.
THE DIRTY LITTLE SECRET OF GREAT GARDENS Dig it - and experience the one tiller that's truly up to the task! Introducing a greener, cleaner way to get dirty with the Sun Joe TILLER JOE TJ603E Electric Tiller + Cultivator A powerful 12-amp motor quickly pulverizes dirt, effortlessly slicing through the soil at 340 RPM, ensuring maximum aeration and perfectly preparing the seedbed for planting Cultivate an area 16-Inch wide and up to 8-Inch deep in seconds.
Powerful 12-amp motor cultivates up to 16 in. (40.6 cm) wide x 8 in. (20.3 cm) deep.
6 durable steel angled tines for maximum durability and performance.
Handle folds for convenient storage and easy transport ; Voltage (V):120.
3-position wheel adjustment. Maximum Extension Cord Length (ft.): 100.
Do you have the right gardening tool required to perfectly formed bed of soil? Garden rake are mainly used to prepare soil for the plants that will grow there, but they can also remove weeds, sculpt the soil into rows and beds or improve its structure to allow air and water to penetrate more easily to the roots of plants Metal rake is essential for every gardener Why You Must Use Gardener's Claw Rake(TM) - It has 5 tines and claw shape to perfectly loosen the soil - Made of heavy duty steel material - Comfortable wood handle which can reduce hand and wrist fatigue - The best cultivator garden tool on the market! Perfect Pulverized and Aerated Soil - Guaranteed! You can now perfectly break and loosen the soil into smaller pieces to allow air and water to penetrate deeply into the soil and drain more effectively with this 5 tines claw rake.
SUPERB 5 TINES CLAW RAKE - With its 5 tines, this hand cultivator will perfectly break and loosen the soil into smaller pieces to allow air .
MILITARY GRADE STEEL AND WOOD MATERIALS - The materials of the steel rake are super strong, lightweight, weatherproof, rust resistant, and r.
ERGONOMIC WOODEN HANDLE FOR EASY HANDLING - The ergonomic long wood handle of our garden hand rake comes with double rivet so it's not slipp.
SUPER EASY TO STORE WITH HOOP RING - This rake clam can be easily stored in your garage when not in use during evening or off-season with th.
GET IT NOW! - Just like cultivator for crop, clam rake is for your garden. Clam rakes are simple gardening tools for women, men, basically a.
252 PIECE PUZZLE Photo Puzzle (252 Pieces) Artwork depicting Illustration of rotary cultivator 10x14 252 Piece Puzzle are made in USA and comes with loose pieces in a designer box with your photo on top The box is sized to fit most mail boxes Great gift for kids, grandparents, bridesmaids, birthdays and anniversaries Box dimensions 5 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 1 1/5 with artwork affixed to box top Made in America.
You are purchasing one Photo Puzzle (252 Pieces).
Artwork: Illustration of rotary cultivator Dorling Kindersley.
10x14 252 Piece Puzzle are made in USA and comes with loose pieces in a designer box with your photo on top. The box is sized to fit most ma.
Image size 356x254mm. For matching prints please search for 13544359.
Image supplied by Fine Art Storehouse (c) This content is subject to copyright.
This study covers the world outlook for farm ground and power driven rotary cultivators across more than 190 countries For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (PIE), for the country in question (in millions of US dollars), the percent share the country is of the region, and of the globe These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others.
This econometric study covers the world outlook for farm ground and power driven rotary cultivators across more than 200 countries For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (PIE), for the country in question (in millions of US dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-a-vis others.
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world.
Ryobi 650r (41AN650G034) Handheld Trimmer 825r (41CD825A034) Handheld Trimmer 875r (41AD875A734) Handheld Trimmer 875r (41BD875A034) Handheld Trimmer 875r (41CD875A034) Handheld Trimmer 890 (41CD890A034) Handheld Trimmer 890r (41AD890A034) Handheld Trimmer 890r (41AD890A734) Handheld Trimmer 890r (41BD890A034) Handheld Trimmer 890r (41CD890A034) Handheld Trimmer 890r (41CD890G034) Handheld Trimmer 825RA (41CD825C038) 4-Cycle Gas Trimmer 825r (41AD825A734) Handheld Trimmer.
Replaces # 753-1225 753-04745 753-04296.
Fir for Ryobi 650r 825r 825RA 875r 890 890r trimmer.
Package includes 1pc carburetor + 2pcs primer bulb + 1 fuel filter + 1pc fuel line kit.
90 days limited warranty for repair or replacement due to manufacturer defect..
Please check your model and the pictures carefully before purchasing.


In Windows, there is an arrow overlay on the shortcuts of different programs shown on desktop. If you want to make your shortcuts look cleaner, then you can remove this arrow easily.
Vista Shortcut Overlay Manager aka FxVisor lets you easily remove the arrows from shortcut icons. It is made for Vista but it works fine for Windows 7 too. It can let you choose and show custom overlay icons and also remove shortcut extension.
can shortcut arrow be removed in win xp..?
Yes. You can use Tweak UI, a small tool by Microsoft to remove shortcut arrow easily.
THis software contains hundreds different tweaks as well. Hope this tweak windows 7 software helps.
This will help remove the arrows for WIN7 64bit… And it is free!!


Bush kept us safe after 9/11? Maybe, but he sure didn't keep us safe ON 9/11, did he?
Is it really true that "Bush kept us safe after 9/11"? How am I supposed to know? I'm just a Bald Guy in a Booth ®. And since that booth is The Booth of Truth ®, I am morally and contractually bound to speak and write only what I know to be the truth. That is why I am always right.
Anyway, while it may or may not be true that it was Bush who kept us safe after 9/11, it is definitely true that Bush did NOT keep us safe ON 9/11. And if he is to get credit for keeping us safe after 9/11, is it not fair to examine his performance on and before that day?
Cold, Hard Fact No. 1: According to Condoleeza Rice, the Bush administration was warned on August 6, 2001 that bin Laden was determined to attack inside the United States.
Cold, Hard Fact No. 3: Bush did not keep us safe on 9/11.
Which of those Cold, Hard Facts is untrue? Here's a hint: NONE of them. Obviously, every one of them is true or I couldn't call them Cold, Hard Facts, could I? That would make me wrong, and, of course, I am always right. But when I respond to "Bush kept us safe after 9/11" with, "Yeah, but he didn't keep us safe ON 9/11," people draw bizarre inferences, such as that I am defending Bill Clinton against accusations that he reduced our defense capabilities, or that I am blaming Bush.
Huh? What does my making the manifestly true statement that Bush did not keep us safe on 9/11 have anything to do with that lying, treasonous war criminal Bill Clinton? Here's the answer: It has nothing to do with that lying, treasonous war criminal Bill Clinton.
I do not blame Bush and never have. How is the conclusion that I blame Bush drawn from an honest consideration of the above Cold, Hard Facts? Here's the answer: That conclusion cannot be drawn from a fair consideration of those Cold Hard Facts, but of course it can be the result of knee-jerk reactions. After all, just because Bush was warned about bin Laden does not mean he could have stopped the attack. And when it comes to getting jets off the ground immediately, well, that has nothing to do with the president.
It seems that those who want to credit Bush for keeping us safe after 9/11 want to live by the credo that what happened in 2001 stays in 2001. I can see why that gives them comfort, but that's the kind of nonsense that gets checked at the door to The Booth of Truth ®.


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How Kevin's Leg Just Became The Most Important Clue On 'This Is Us'
It was a small detail — visible for only a few seconds in the heart-wrenching last few seconds of the premiere of This Is Us Season 2 — but it was an important one. Why was Kevin's leg in a cast on This is Us? It's one of the tiny factors that the hit drama's star Mandy Moore (Rebecca) said audiences need to pay attention to — and, boy, do fans need to.
"There were some clues I don't know if people picked up on — Kate was holding a dog, Randall's got a girlfriend, and Kevin has a broken leg," Moore said at a People and Entertainment Weekly watch party for the premiere. "These are all things that I think people are going to see sort of the origin of in the next couple of episodes, leading up to figuring out a bigger piece of the puzzle."
Kevin's always been an athlete — that was clear last season from his enthusiastic football ambitions. It's completely plausible — and actually pretty likely — that he injured himself on the football field, especially since the cast has a football drawn on it. According to EW, Milo Ventimiglia (Jack) said the broken leg is just one of many clues the audience will have to piece together not only about Jack's death, but about the Big Three's lives in adulthood.
"He's a star athlete with the busted leg. Does that change his course in life? Because even little Kevin in the Thanksgiving episode talked about wanting to play quarterback for the Steelers when he grew up," Ventimiglia told EW's Dan Snierson. "Was that really a possibility? And is that how his life and world changed and [set up] the path that he took to get into acting?"
From what audiences already know about Jack's death and his funeral, the broken leg is definitely something new to think about. And to add even another head-scratching dilemma to the mix, when This Is Us gave a glimpse of Jack's funeral last season, Kevin appeared to be distinctly uninjured as he stood beside his siblings and mother.
The camera panned across all of their feet and Kevin was standing — in dress shoes — without the help of crutches. So what gives? The season premiere explicitly showed Kevin in a cast on what appeared to be the night of Jack's death, and teenage Kate sobbed and told Randall that they had to find Kevin, presumably to deliver the news. Meanwhile, Rebecca pulled her car up alongside the charred remains of the Pearson home, Jack's personal belongings in tow in a small plastic bag, and wept. But Kevin's broken leg (and lack thereof at the funeral) prove to us that there is still a lot of information we don't have, and a lot of the timeline still remains a mystery.
NBC/Youtube
Just the few seconds of showing Kevin's broken leg have given audiences so many more questions to dwell on. How much time passed between the fire and the funeral? Was it enough time for Kevin's leg to heal? Does that mean Jack didn't necessarily die the night of the fire? But if he didn't, then why would Rebecca have had his wedding ring and wallet with her in the car? Some have theorized that his belongings were in a bag because Jack either went to jail or rehab — maybe he didn't die in the fire at all.
However much doubt it's raised about other details, the fire is definitely the biggest piece of the puzzle audiences have received so far. It's also not a red herring, according to showrunner Dan Fogelman, who swore that he's not trying to pull a fast one on audiences. "Did he die in the fire? Did he get out of the fire? ... We're not misdirecting — he didn't die four years later," he said at the People/Entertainment Weekly watch party. But, Kevin's lack of cast at the funeral seems to indicate that Jack did die sometime later than the fire — it' just unknown how much time passed.
If this gut-punch of a season premiere is any indication, audiences should prepare themselves for a long, weepy and moving season of This Is Us — just be sure to keep your eyes peeled for even the tiniest of clues.


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Department of Education and Children's Youth Service
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Young people honoured by North American Manx Association
Outstanding contribution to the Manx community by Peel and St Johns Youth Clubs
Both clubs are highly popular, often serving young people who tend to be less engaged and come from more difficult backgrounds. Members of the club have worked hard on community initiatives such as fundraising for Finley's Footsteps Fund, singing for members of the Manx Blind Welfare Society, and delivering Christmas food hampers
In all, nine young people who have made a significant contribution to Manx culture and the community have been honoured by the North American Manx Association (NAMA).
The annual awards ceremony – which recognises those who have excelled in the fields of Manx music, culture, the arts and crafts, and involvement with the Island's community – was held today at Legislative Buildings in Douglas.
As in previous years, the judging panel had a difficult task in deciding the winners, given the considerable talents and achievements of those nominated.
The judging panel comprised Professor Ronald Barr, Frances Hampton, and Shelley Moffitt of theDepartment of Education, Sport and Culture, Aimee Corlett from the World Manx Association, and Anne Minay a life member of NAMA.
Minister for Education, Sport and Culture, Graham Cregeen MHK, who hosted the awards ceremony, congratulated the winners on their success: "The Isle of Man has a rich culture, weaving the fabric of our nation, and as a community we are rightly proud.
"The contribution of our young people is vital, not only to ensuring that our traditions continue, but that they evolve and embrace developments in art, craft, language, and music.
"The awards are important and recognise real, emerging talent – we need only look at one of last year's NAMA winners, Mera Royle, who went on to win the BBC Radio 2's Young Folk Award in April."
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The Youth Service offers places to go, things to do and people to talk to for young people aged 8 to 21, and is part of the Isle of Man's Department of Education and Children, in venues across the island.