text:
Comics, 1986, 1986, April,
Uncanny X-Men Vol 1
June Brigman/Cover Artist
Terry Austin/Cover Artist
Ron Zalme/Cover Artist
June Brigman/Penciler
Whilce Portacio/Inker
Glynis Oliver-Wein/Colourist
Tom Orzechowski/Letterer
Ann Nocenti/Editor
Kurt Wagner (Earth-616)/Quotes
Judith Rassendyll (Earth-616)/Quotes
Kurt Wagner (Earth-616)/Appearances
Jimaine Szardos (Earth-616)/Appearances
Judith Rassendyll (Earth-616)/Appearances
Arcade (Earth-616)/Appearances
Miss Locke (Earth-616)/Appearances
Mister Chambers (Earth-616)/Appearances
X-Men (Earth-616)/Mentions
Piotr Rasputin (Earth-616)/Mentions
Katherine Pryde (Earth-616)/Mentions
Shagreen (Earth-5311)/Mentions
Jinjav Sabree (Earth-5311)/Mentions
Beyonder (Earth-616)/Mentions
Yahweh (Earth-616)/Mentions
Satan (Unidentified) (Earth-616)/Mentions
New York City Police Department (Earth-616)/Mentions
Avengers (Earth-616)/Mentions
X-Men (Arcade's Robots) (Earth-616)/Appearances
Storm (Arcade's Robot) (Earth-616)/Appearances
Rogue (Arcade's Robot) (Earth-616)/Appearances
Colossus (Arcade's Robot) (Earth-616)/Appearances
Wolverine (Arcade's Robot) (Earth-616)/Appearances
Ruritanian National Guard (Earth-616)/Appearances
Max Reigner (Earth-616)/Appearances
United States Department of State (Earth-616)/Appearances
Colin Lewis (Earth-616)/Appearances
Homo superior/Appearances
Wolves/Mentions
Horses/Minor Appearances
Ducks/Mentions
Dogs/Minor Appearances
Sharks/Minor Appearances
Earth-616/Appearances
Earth/Appearances
United States of America/Appearances
New York (State)/Appearances
Manhattan/Appearances
Central Park/Mentions
John F. Kennedy International Airport/Mentions
Bronx/Appearances
Murderworld/Appearances
San Francisco/Mentions
Luna (Moon)/Mentions
Ruritania/Mentions
Sun (Star)/Mentions
Heaven (Paradise)/Mentions
Well at the Center of Time/Mentions
Earth-5311/Mentions
Bel Amee Anora/Mentions
Adamantium/Mentions
X-Men Blackbird/Mentions
Uncanny X-Men Vol 1 204
Uncanny X-Men Vol 1 #204
June Brigman
Terry Austin
Ron Zalme
"What Happened to Nightcrawler?"
Whilce Portacio
Glynis Oliver
I'm Nightcrawler -- super hero extraordinaire! And your name--?
Judith Rassendyll
Get away from me!
An odd name. Were your parents 60s rock stars?
Appearing in "What Happened to Nightcrawler?"
Nightcrawler (Kurt Wagner)
Amanda Sefton
Judith Rassendyll (First appearance)
Miss Locke
Mister Chambers
X-Men (Mentioned)
Colossus (Peter Rasputin) (Referenced)
Shadowcat (Kitty Pryde) (Referenced)
Shagreen (Mentioned)
Jinjav Sabree (Mentioned)
Beyonder (Mentioned)
God (Yahweh) (Mentioned)
Devil (Mentioned)
NYPD (Referenced)
Avengers (Referenced)
Various robots and holograms of Murderworld
Robot X-Men
Ruritanian National Guard (First appearance)
Colonel Max Reigner (First appearance)
Colin Lewis (First appearance)
Wolves (Referenced)
Horses (Hologram)
Ducks (Referenced)
Dogs (Hologram)
Sharks (Hologram)
Prime Marvel Universe
Central Park (Referenced)
Kennedy Airport, Queens (Mentioned)
North Bronx
Murderworld
San Francisco (Mentioned)
Moon, Earth Orbit (Referenced)
Ruritania (Mentioned)
Sun (Mentioned)
Heavens (Referenced)
Well at the Center of Time (Mentioned)
Kitty's Fairy Tale (Mentioned)
Bel Amee Anora (Mentioned)
Adamantium (Mentioned)
X-Jet (Referenced)
WWI biplanes
Synopsis for "What Happened to Nightcrawler?"
Nightcrawler has spent all night brooding in the rain on the balcony of his girlfriend Amanda Sefton. When he realizes it's the morning after Amanda wakes up, he teleports into the bathroom and cleans himself off. When he begins his day by having a drink, Amanda tells him that the X-Men called and that they are okay, but asks him what's wrong. He explains that since he had his pan-dimensional adventure the previous year[1], his life of adventure and swashbuckling and the carefree adventures with the X-Men have changed. When Amanda asks why, Nightcrawler tells her that she wouldn't understand and teleports back out onto the balcony again. She goes out there and begs him to open up to her. He explains that ever since he encountered the Beyonder, a god-like being that has rattled his faith down to the bone, he is unsure of who he is because what gave him meaning has been proving that it doesn't exist and therefore he does not know who he is anymore either. He angrily asks her if she can actually help him with that.
He explains to her that when the X-Men went off to fight the Beyonder in San Francisco he was asked to stay behind and he was relieved. His past encounters with the Beyonder has made him wonder what is real anymore. He openly wonders if Amanda used some spell to make him love her. Insulted by this, Amanda grabs her bags and storms off for her job with the airline. Nightcrawler realizes too late that it was the wrong thing to say, but the opportunity to take it back has passed. All he can do is howl like some animal. Hearing this from below, Amanda briefly considers going back up to him, but does not want to be rejected again and catches a cab to Kennedy airport. As they drive away, the Hack makes a joke about the rain, pointing out to a jogger nearby that they are nuts to be out exercising in this weather.
The jogger in question continues on her jog, unaware that a very familiar, very sinister garbage truck has begun to follow her. Upon Amanda's balcony, Nightcrawler hears what he believes is the familiar noise of one of Arcade's rigged garbage trucks makes when it captures a mark and decides to investigate. Teleporting out to Central Park he sees a garbage truck being driven by Arcade's aide Mr. Chambers and decides to go to the rescue of whatever poor soul managed to end up on Arcade's hit list.
Following the truck to an abandoned amusement park, Nightcrawler finds access to Arcade's Murderworld through a fake trash can and breaks his way into the facility. Meanwhile, Arcade's latest victim was the jogger who was out earlier in the evening. After being taunted by Arcade, she is launched through his usual battery of Murderworld traps: The gigantic electrified pinball machine, and simulated scenes using a combination of robots and holograms. The jogger's fitness enables her to avoid the robots disguised as British fox hunters and giant sharks.
Before she can get bitten by the mechanical shark, Nightcrawler teleports in and saves her. Taking her to safety, she finds that she thinks that he is one of Arcade's tricks and when he tries to convince her otherwise she doesn't believe him. He realizes the irony of the fact that she is saying almost the exact words that he said to Amanda earlier in the evening. He asks her to trust him, and without any other choice the young woman decides to follow along. Arcade, having detected Nightcrawler's presence in his Murderworld finds this new development amusing and hopes that it can make things more interesting.
He chases after the two, holographically projecting his head onto one of his robot bodies and chasing them in a dune buggy with an army of robots. Finding their own vehicle, Nightcrawler and the woman attempt to escape. Nightcrawler manages to get the advantage thanks to his superior driving skills. But when Arcade sends simulation World War I fighter planes after them, he is forced to leave the girl to teleport into the air and deal with them. Using his flying skills he manages to shoot out the other planes and cause them to crash on the cars chasing them.
The woman's car runs out of fuel in a China town simulation and she is enticed into a "sanctuary" by Miss Locke; however this is a trap and she is surrounded by more robots with knives. Nightcrawler comes to her rescue her and swears to Arcade they will get out of Murderworld alive. When Arcade balks as this, he is surprised when what appears to be the X-Men smash their way into his control room and destroy the controls allowing Nightcrawler and his companion to escape. Arcade realizes too late that these are not X-Men at all, but some of the robot duplicates of his own creation and realize that Nightcrawler must have programmed them to attack when he first broke into his facility. This turn of events gives Arcade a good laugh and he decides to let the X-Man and his companion go free.
When Nightcrawler brings the girl home, he detects someone in her apartment and crashes in. These men shock both her and Nightcrawler when they reveal that they are members of the Ruritanian government and that this young woman, Judith Rassendyll is the last of the Elfsburgs and as such has been named queen of that country.
The name Rassendyll and the country of Ruritania are fictional names from Anthony Hope's novel 'The Prisoner of Zenda'
1 Image(s) from Uncanny X-Men Vol 1 204
2 Reprints of Uncanny X-Men Vol 1 204
The Official Marvel Index to the X-Men Vol 2 #4 - See for further referencing
↑ Nightcrawler Vol 1
Retrieved from "https://marvel.fandom.com/wiki/Uncanny_X-Men_Vol_1_204?oldid=5536522"


What are people saying about Natural Action Technologies Structured Water Products?
Thanks so much for sending me the De Portable unit …. I absolutely love it and I've been trying to decide how to describe it's wonderful benefits.  Of course the first thing I noticed was the extreme smoothness of the water upon taking the first sip of the water that had passed through the unit.  The next thing I noticed about 10 minutes after drinking a glass of this water was that my breathing had somehow changed; it seemed that the air that entered my lungs was more refreshing and slightly cooler, and that the air just flowed into my lungs slightly easier than normal with no restriction.  I have no problem breathing but after drinking the water from the DE Portable it just seemed easier to breathe: the air seemed more vital and refreshing and it was suddenly kind of fun just inhaling air into my lungs.  I thought this was maybe just my imagination but I have repeated this over and over and I am now certain that this water makes a change in a person's blood or physiology in such a short period of time that is remarkable.
I called the company and they said that a person could notice the energy from the water in the way that I described and since the water we drink becomes the fluid of our blood and the blood carries oxygen from our lungs to the whole body, this explains the remarkable effects that the Natural Action Water structuring device has had on me.  I am totally delighted with the DE Portable device that you sent to me and let me tell you why in particular: as you know there are other companies "trying" to copy the Natural Action Water technology.
I have previously purchased 2 other water "structuring" devices; one that looks very similar to the DE Portable that I bought a year and a half ago and the other unit looks more like a blender that I bought about 10 years ago so you can see I have known about structured water for many years.  So when you told me about the Natural Action Water product I initially thought that I was not interested as I already own 2 "similar" units.  You seemed very confident when you told me about the Natural Action Water products being the world's best so you got my curiosity up so I decided, thanks to you, to go ahead and try one of your units even though I thought it was just another water structuring device.  One sip of this water and I was convinced that you had steered me down the correct path; and about 10 minutes later when I could breathe easier I knew you were onto something awesome.  I had not experienced these results with the 2 other water structuring devices that I have previously owned.
Thank you so much for teaching me about this wonderful product.  Every day is a treat just making the most awesome water on the planet …. and thanks to you.  The Natural Action Water devices have technology that the other companies do not have.  The "secret" is the dual action water vortexing (to the left and right simultaneously) and the secret materials that the water units are made of.  I hope everyone will take the initiative to add the DE Portable unit to their life to begin with because once a person realizes the potential that this product can make to their health and happiness they will never want to be without this awesome water and the DE Portable because our bodies are mostly made of water.
I consider the purchase of the DE Portable unit to be the most important purchase a person can make especially with regards to a person's health and well being.  Now I am super interested in someday owning the other products from Natural Action Technologies, Inc: the shower unit, the whole house unit, the garden unit, and any other product this fine company has available now and in the future.  Thanks Doc Russ, for making these fine products available to those lucky enough to know you and call you a friend.  I will continue to tell others about your great services and products that you recommend and provide to others.
PET CAT LOVES STRUCTURED WATER!
 I got the portable May 2013 and in that same month our 14 year old male cat became suddenly ill, throwing up, yowling and his legs were collapsing.  I never take him to the vet (not something I believe in), yet I managed to get an emergency appt that same day.
I must say they were pretty quick to say he is an old cat and now might be his time. By opening his mouth the vet thought for sure he had mouth cancer. I had noticed that ShakesBeare had been eating on one side of his mouth lately and I had been considering taking him in to get his teeth cleaned.
I was not the least bit fazed with what I was hearing, (I felt very calm, no doubt the water.) ShakesBeare was scheduled for a biopsy in a few weeks time, so I took him home and started to give him their prescribed antibiotic and bathed his fur in the structured water and administered water into his mouth with an eye dropper. It should be noted that this cat never drank water in the past.
The next day ShakesBeare was talking and playing like a kitten. I continued the routine as well as giving him treatments with another great invention, the DreamSpa photon light therapy by inventor Mellen-Thomas Benedict. When we went back to the vet he told me ShakesBeare was only feeling better because of the antibiotics and to not raise my hopes too high.
However, in surgery they found no abscess or cancer in his mouth but did clean his teeth while in there. To this day (a year later) he still wears me out playing non-stop, he always drinks his structured water (demands it fresh!) and we have noticed his intelligence has increased to a much higher level. He understands everything that is going on! It is almost scarey! He knows what he wants and knows with confidence that he will get it. Also his white whiskers and long white eyebrow hairs are falling out and being replaced with black hairs. His fur coat is thick and like velvet silk. He will be 15 this June and still looks and acts like a 2 year old teenager.
Since I began with Structured water about two weeks ago, I have sponged off two of my beloved cats, each in her distinct area of chronic irritation (despite vast and creative other approaches – vet, holistic and energetic), one having been treated for over four years. Both cats showed immediate improvement – in one, general itchiness subsided (after months of this hassle); and in the other, a runny eye lessened (and she was looking at me again for the first time in about two years, instead of turning her head away).
I am continuing to sponge off these two kitties, as well as provide Structured Water for all drinking purposes. Both cats' conditions are significantly better in just a short time! Further, all my five cats are getting along better together, noticeably so! They weren't too raucous, before, but it is very loving and peaceful here now! And also they see more cognitive generally, and more communicative with me.
I feel more positive and motivated to accomplish my daily goals, and I feel my longer term visioning power has increased. My aura feels enhanced and stronger! It seems more positivity is coming into my life, and it's connected with having Structured Water in and around me!


In The Wee Small Hours by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Prop. at WA Tunes. MPN: 1807853. Hurry! Limited time offer. Offer valid only while supplies last.
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Experiment by turning on and off the Smart Radius button. Does it help or not? 6. Switch the background to White (press W on the keyboard) and try applying the settings seen in Figure 15b. If your selection needs improvement, try painting just outside the hair with the Refine Radius tool . To see what you've done, take a look at Figure 15c, which shows the radius that Photoshop is examining for edge transitions and detail. Figure 15b Select one of seven backgrounds available in the Refine Edge dialog that gives you the best view of your mask.
First, build a queue by dragging and dropping from Bridge's Content window. Once the queue is built, click the diagonal arrow to invoke the Export dialog box. com> 28 The Export dialog is split into two tabs. The Destination tab is where you specify where your queue will be exported and how file naming will be handled (Figure 9d). Figure 9d The Destination tab and various choices associated with where your queue is saved and how file naming is handled. Click the Image Options tab (Figure 9e) to set image size and quality.
Com> 32 Show Linked Files A new and useful feature in Bridge and Mini Bridge is the ability to show linked files to any InDesign document. A document that contains linked files is indicated by a link icon in the upper-right corner of its thumbnail in the Content panel. To display linked files, Control-click (right-click) on the document icon and choose Show Linked Files in the Context menu. Files can be dragged and dropped from the Mini Bridge panel into an InDesign layout. Files dragged from Mini Bridge are re-rendered into a multi-image Place cursor as if dragging directly from Bridge.


May brings the start of the producer only farmers market near our house. A producer-only market means that vendors at the market are only allowed to sell items they have produced themselves. This might seem obvious but go to a larger farmers market and you'll see some produce that might make you scratch your head about it's seasonal timing. This particular farmer's market, that we frequent, focuses on local farmers in a 125 mile radius within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed area. It's hard to get more local than that! This week's farmer's market bounty might not be much but it's a start from this wet cold spring. Rhubarb is growing, greenhouse tomatoes, spring onions, french radishes, fresh basil, and mixes of lettuces. The sweet tart spicy apples might be stored from the fall's harvest but they are still crisp and delicious. Nothing pithy about them. I see a great value in supporting these farms early in the year to allow them to plant more crops and continue their farming through the rest of the summer. A few smaller farms were only selling seedlings and a few greens that survived the winter. Their vegetables won't be ready for a few more weeks but they are supplementing with extra seedlings from their plantings. We're planning on buying some herb seedlings next week to keep us in herbs this summer. I might even consider some mint (for a container) so we can drink mint juleps on the porch all summer long! Some of these lovely french radishes will be eaten raw with some Kerry Gold butter. Other's will surely make into a salad with some of that baby lettuce mix. Or maybe even roasted with a whole chicken. As soon as I found this rhubarb, I thought to use it in a crumble or maybe these strawberry rhubarb crumble bars for dessert with friends. These beautiful spring onions have yet to be used but they'd be great on the grill as a side to a juicy steak. Juicy cherry tomatoes quickly went into a salad with the baby lettuce. I also pan roasted a handful off to eat in a hot tomato mozzarella salad with some left over mint and a sprinkle of fresh basil.
FreshFarm Markets runs many farmers markets in the DC area.
Old Town Alexandria has a year round farmer's market in their Market Square.
Closer to Mount Vernon the McCutcheon/Mount Vernon farmer's market runs from May to October.
Central Farm Markets runs farmer's markets in Bethesda, the Fairfax Mosaic District, and Rockville.


Our Pillow Guy exclusive, white sateen cover with hidden zipper and luxurious blue satin piping.
Love th pillow protectors. I actually have it on one set of my pillows and have the other one just with the original blue. Love the contrast for my room. Love that you can take them and throw them in the wash when needed.
Thank you Dustin, we appreciate your positive feedback and are so glad you enjoyed your 2 Pack of Pillow Protectors. You got your sheet together!! Feel free to contact us for any future questions or concerns. Customer Care, Pillow Guy. P.S. Check back at PillowGuy.com as we expand the line of our luxury home collection.
Made of a wonderfully soft fabric. Trimmed in navy which gives it that designer touch. And the zipper works! Truly wonderful product. Keep it up and please don't start to cut corners.
Thank you Anne, we appreciate your positive feedback and are so glad you enjoyed your Pillow Protectors. You got your sheet together!! Feel free to contact us for any future questions or concerns. Customer Care, Pillow Guy. P.S. Check back at PillowGuy.com as we expand the line of our luxury home collection.


text:
Q: How to display hex values as plain text in a visualforce page? I want to display some hex value in visualforce page. I used this simple line:

But this is rendered as "This is a paragraph_"
Please advise the correct method to display hex values as plain text without converting them to special charcters.

A: You need to escape the characters. There's a few ways to do so:
{!HTMLENCODE(value)}

Or...
<apex:outputText value="{!value}" escape="true" />

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Alight well, summer is officially coming to a close next week. I love the idea of fall with the leaves, pumpkins, sweater weather, college football and all that, but the reality is this also means the holidays are right around the corner. Gulp! Of course the holidays mean busy times and likely house guests so today I'm thinking of sprucing up our entry. Whether you have a grand entrance, a compact entrance, or something in-between this is your chance to make a good first impression — not just on your house guests, but also for yourself. During this hectic time of year, who doesn't want to come home to a welcoming (and organized) entry.
There are many elements that combine to make an impactful entrance — a beautiful door, statement lighting, mirrors, art, seating, rugs, moulding, etc. Here are a few of my favorite examples.
Let's start with doors. Obviously this can be a costly update but, a beautiful front door can make a huge impact. If you can't afford a brand new door, sometimes a coat of fresh paint will do the trick.
Who doesn't love a good dutch door? This one is gorgeous with the brass hardware.
The contrast of the black and white in this entry is lovely.
Bench seating works well as a place to sit and put on shoes. This simple lantern and the fun stripes on the rug are a nice compliment to the traditional tufted bench.
A table to drop your keys is a must for me. The combination of this stunning blue table, the brass mirror and vintage rug work beautifully with the classic white moulding.
Here's another entry where a vintage rug is highlighted against all-white mill work. Oh and those lights are great too. A grouping of three makes it extra special.
Wall paper can make an big impact in a small space.
These hooks are on double duty adding functionality and personality. They work perfectly with that ship lap.
Mirrors are always a good idea in an entry because they can reflect light and serve as a place for one last check of the hair before you run out the door. This entry below ticks almost all the boxes – great rug, mirror, lighting, storage and an awesome dutch door.
Kelly Stevers from the blog Bungalow Blue Interiors recently added this crips white board and baton moulding in her entry. I love how she has a collection of cherished family photos and a giant round mirror as a first greeting.
In place of a mirror, a large piece of art or a clever grouping of images can also make a big impact. This giant modern painting makes a statement in this grand foyer.
And so does this grid of simple modern black and white prints.
Here's a warm and welcoming entry from my Rincon 2 project. (More pics to come soon!) Here we have a number elements here as they have quite a large space — mirror, art, bench and a beautiful Danish Modern credenza as the focal point.
If you don't have time to completely re-do your entry, some fresh flowers, new light or a fresh coat of paint my do the trick. I'm planning fresh paint, moulding and a new light fixture for mine. More on that soon too, I promise!


You save 24% that's £55.01!
Width 82cm, Height 183cm, Depth 27cm.
The Badalona Bookcase is large and traditional in design. Constructed from pine, it boasts four shelves and sits on bun feet for a charming look.


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YOUTH: Tranmere 0 - 0 United
Result from the Friday afternoon youth game
@CUFCAcademy
The young Blues made the trip to the Wirrall to face Tranmere Rovers as they returned to league action on Friday afternoon.
And they put in an excellent performance against the table-toppers to come away with a hard-earned 0-0 draw.
Academy boss Darren Edmondson said: "The lights were bright in possession and they worked hard.
"They competed all over the pitch and both sides played some good football. They have rightly come away feeling pleased with their performance.
"Another positive from the day was that we got more pitch time for two of our under-16 lads, which is fantastic for them and us. It gives them another taste of what this level of football is like."
United - Ashton, Goldthorpe (Wilson 75), Brockbank (Kelly 70), Olsen, Taylor, Hutchinson, Cowburn, Miller (Galloway 70), Papa, Adewusi, Dixon (Kerr 85). Sub - Ward.
YOUTH: Fixtures and results for the 2019/20 season
United's under-18 side compete in the EFL Youth Alliance north-west division again this season and you can keep track of their progress right here.
YOUTH: Salford City home game postponed
Today's under-18 home game against Salford City has been postponed due to the bad weather.
YOUTH: Blackpool 3 - 1 United
United rounded off their pre-Christmas fixture calendar with an away game at Blackpool on Saturday morning.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The wildfire that has scorched 13 square miles and destroyed dozens of homes in the hills above this scenic coastal city was apparently sparked by a power tool being used to clear brush, investigators said Sunday.
Fire officials said someone, or possibly a group of people, was clearing vegetation on what appeared to be private land near a trail around the time the fire erupted Tuesday.
"Any time you use any power tool, there's always a possibility, especially if the conditions are right," said Joe Waterman, the overall fire commander from the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.
Some Santa Barbara County residents recently received annual notices advising them they had until June 1 to clear potentially hazardous brush, county fire Capt. Glenn Fidler said.
It was not immediately clear whether the blaze originated in an area targeted by such a notice.
Officials declined to comment further about the type of power tool that may have been used, or if anyone could face charges.
The fire has destroyed 77 homes, damaged 22 others and forced the evacuation of approximately 30,000 people to safer ground.
By late Sunday, all but 375 residents from 145 homes had been allowed to return home and firefighters had the blaze 65 percent contained, aided by cooler, more humid weather.
Relieved to see their homes still standing, grateful residents paid tribute to firefighters by tooting car horns in their honor and posting large thank-you signs on their front lawns.
More than 4,500 firefighters worked to contain as much of the blaze as they could before the hot, dry "sundowner" winds that pushed flames on homes earlier in the week return, possibly as early as Tuesday.
"We have a window of opportunity right now to get our lines tied in and to get hot spots mopped up as good as possible, because the next couple of days the wind is going to resurface again and we need to be prepared," said Kelley Gouette, deputy incident commander for the state Department of Forestry and Fire Protection.
Fire officials over the weekend had lauded residents' removal of brush and fire-prone plants from their properties to bolster the defensible space needed to protect a house from a wildfire and keep firefighters safe while working in the region.
Santa Barbara County Fire Chief Tom Franklin recalled that a 1990 blaze took out 500 homes, although it did not burn across as wide a swatch of land as the 13 square miles covered by this week's fire.
"More homes would have burned had they not done their defensible space work," Franklin said of the residents who gave firefighters the best conditions to work in.
Richard Martin, a 73-year old retired University of California, Santa Barbara, chemistry professor, rode out the worst of the firestorm from a five-by-seven-foot concrete bunker he built to store important documents.
Martin and his wife, Penny, ducked in and out of the bunker to battle spot fires on the oak trees surrounding their four-level home tucked away near the Botanic Garden. But he also credited rooftop sprinklers, clearing brush and planting low, fire resistant plants around the edge of his home with its survival.
"All the trees the leaves are all dead because they've been scorched," Martin said, pointing out the glass door of his wooden deck. "But those plants haven't been scorched. They look normal."
In 2005, California extended the required clearance around homes in an effort to bolster the defensible space needed to protect a house from a wildfire and keep firefighters safe while working in the region.
In Santa Barbara County, officials can also clear brush from unkempt property and charge homeowners for doing so. Franklin said they usually need to enforce that regulation on no more than a couple of homes a year.
Firefighters say they are more likely to hunker down and try to save a home that has good defensible space because they have a better and safer shot at getting a handle on the blaze.
In recent years, many residents have gotten rid of more volatile plant life, replacing it with fire-resistant gardens or just clearing it out entirely. Some have built fire safety into the construction of the homes themselves.


ACM SIGGRAPH 95 "Program and Buyer's Guide" provides general conference information and lists conference events, courses, papers, technical sketches and panels, contributors to the art and interdisciplinary programs, exhibitors and products. "Visual Proceedings" catalogs the conference art and interdisciplinary programs: art gallery, interactive entertainment, interactive communities, computer animation festival / electronic theatre, graphicsnet. "Computer Animation Festival" catalogs the festival contributors.


Most people will have the admin area of their WebsiteBaker website named the default /admin/.
This means everyone who tries to access www.yourwebsite.com/admin/ will be able to try and login.
WebsiteBaker does not have any intrusion detection on the admin pages, so any brute-force attack can go on for a long time without you knowing about it, eventually possibly finding the right combination of username and password.
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To protect your admin there is a nice tool that will help you in creating a whitelist of IP addresses that can access the admin area of your website.
The "secure admin" tool will work on all WebsiteBaker versions, but for WebsiteBaker 2.8.3 SP7 there is a nice extra.
WebsiteBaker version 2.8.3 SP7 will log all PHP errors in a logfile.
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Secure Admin will also secure your /var folders (where the log is written), so nobody except the administrators with valid IP's can view this logfile.
My advice is: Install Secure Admin and make your WebsiteBaker website a little bit more secure!


text:
The Definition of Advisor: Comprehending the Mission to Advise Foreign Security Forces
Edward E. Brown
Military writing requires that the bottom line be stated up front. Here is the bottom line: an advisor is a person lawfully tasked and employed to provide expert advice and counsel to Foreign Security Force officials, representatives, and influencers; through the establishment or continuance of interpersonal relationships founded on mutual trust and respect." For some reading this, that definition may seem obvious; for others it may seem almost counterintuitive. Our considerably diverse comprehension of what an advisor actually is was my motivation for writing this article.
The mission to advise has existed for many years. In fact, some could argue that the United States owes its existence at least in part to an advisor named Friedrich von Steuben, a Prussian military expert employed by the fledgling Continental Army to train military maneuver.7 However, for this discussion I am focusing on the contemporary character of the mission in the era of the Wars on Terror (2001-present 2018).
I have already provided the bottom line, so now I need to explain how I got there. To do that, I will first reflect on a cold war era method of defining duty by exploring what it is that we expect our advisors Be, Know, and Do. I will then discuss briefly, the sources of my bottom line conclusion including a discussion on the impact of this topic. And then, I will conclude the paper by exploring what needs to be done in the interest of our sustained national security.
What the Advisor Must Be
Be, Know and Do were oft-repeated concepts applied to defining leaders and leadership in the 1980s and 1990s. We have since adjusted how we envision leaders to be more flexible and adaptive than the comparatively rigid terms of the cold war. Still, perceiving a person's role or duty in these simple terms can be helpful to understanding it; and as I will reveal, how we perceive the advising mission greatly impacts the lives of the people we send to perform the mission and the families that support them. Current U.S. military doctrine identifies twenty-six personality traits that are desirable in advisors. The list is not all inclusive, but a pattern is evident. Here are my top five from the list of what advisors must be:
Empathetic - The single most important trait of those tasked to advise foreign security forces is empathy, the ability to sense, predict, and adjust to the feelings, ideas, and motivations of the people that they are tasked to interact with in the performance of their duties. Notice, I did not limit this trait to interaction with the foreign security force counterpart. No, empathy is a trait that enables the advisor to productively interact not only with the foreign force, but also others that have an impact on the advisor's mission. All the other traits depend on the advisor's capacity for empathy to leverage them; which is why I selected it as my number one, most critical "Be" of advising.
Humble – This is a very tough trait for military members, especially those tasked with leading formations of Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, or Marines. I recall being taught to never show deference or meekness in any form. It is not unreasonable; people need to see confidence and resolve in those that lead them. The trait of audacity is actually highly regarded and desired in maneuver officers because it is often needed to seize and exploit opportunities in battle. For the advisor, overt audacity can become a barrier to gaining the trust and respect of the foreign security force, especially when working with members of the FSF or foreign government that may be senior in age or rank to the advisor. Here's the twist - effective advisors perceive interpersonal interactions like maneuver commander's perceive terrain. The traits that enable success as a leader in battle are all leveraged by the advisor, the difference is that the advising role is different. The advisor is not the "leader" and so he (quite deliberately) differs to his counterpart to be the audacious and influential leader. This may occur on the actual battlefield, or in a meeting with other influencers in which the counterpart needs to be assertive. In any case, the advisor tempers his passion and routinely sacrifices personal glory for the edification of the counterpart. I have to stress that being humble is not just occasional. The advisor must train it into their personality so that it can be used when needed and suppressed when necessary.
Visionary – In many cases, the advisor is working with the Foreign Security Force to build their capacity to perform their jobs. The advisor has to be able to visualize success rather than focus on apparent limitations. This trait is also essential in working with interagency or multinational partners. Many times, the advisor's vision may be the only guide available achieve unity of effort and purpose between the foreign security force, the U.S., and the supporting coalition partners.
Diplomatic – Most military members did not sign up to be diplomats. At least not in the "let's get to know each other" sense; however, this is exactly what an effective advisor has to be. Like it or not, our advisors are de facto diplomats, representing the U.S. to the foreign forces that they work with, booth coalition and host nation. The advising mission can be particularly challenging in this regard. Careful consideration must always be given to the perceptions of all those involved in the collective effort to build the capacity of the host nation security forces. The trait of empathy enables and enhances effective diplomatic behavior. I told you empathy was important.
Self-Aware – In some ways, being advisor calls for an individual to many things to many people. It is all too easy to become lost in the effort. Am I doing this right, did I do that right, what do they think of me, can become overwhelming if not checked by the advisor's sense of self; and confidence in their purpose and actions. As previously mentioned, displaying humility and having confidence are not mutually exclusive traits. But to do them, you have to be very comfortable in your own skin. Know you mission, know your job, own them. These guides help the advisor maintain awareness during the mission and withstand the inevitable highs and lows of advising.
There are two other traits that are essential but not on the doctrinal list: patient and faithful. Patience is essential for the advising mission because in many cases the goals that the advisor is working with the foreign security force to achieve will not be realized during the advisor's time on the mission. The advisor must be patient enough to accept that they may not be there to see the fruits of their labors. In addition, the advisor will need patience to deal with the frustrations of the coalition when the commanders are unhappy with the foreign security force, and only has the advisor to vent their frustrations to.
Faithful – I am talking about believing in something bigger than yourself. It may be faithfulness in the U.S. or faithfulness in the military branch or organization that the advisor is a part of. It may, as in my case, be faith in God and in His purpose for placing me in the role of advising a foreign security force. Whatever the case, the advisor must have something to believe in and hold onto during the tumult of the advising mission. The advisor needs a social, spiritual, and emotional anchor. This is essential to their success.
What the Advisor Must Know
As of November 2018, despite two decades of advising missions in numerous locations around the world and hundreds of thousands of individuals deployed to advise or support advisors; there is still no advisor training integrated into professional military education for any branch of the military. There are a number of "schools" designed to provide just in time training for some, but not all advisors and there is no link between the training provided to Department of State personnel and Department of Defense personnel effectively working the same mission of building defense and security institutions within host nations. Why? We have approached advising as an ad hoc mission and not an enduring operational capacity requirement. However, I propose that is just what advising is. The skills needed to be an effective advisor are so distinct from conventional military training that they must be deliberately trained at all levels to maintain the capacity needed to achieve U.S. National Security strategic goals, but that is a topic for later. For now, here is what an advisor must know.
Advisors must know their military skill set. Advising as a task is providing expert advice and counsel to a foreign security force counterpart to help them make decisions. This can only be achieved if the advisor truly is a subject matter expert. Quality advisors have a passion for their jobs. They do it because they like it. They aren't the guys complaining about the job around the water cooler, they are the ones going about their duties with an air of typically understated joy and enthusiasm. They are more likely to suppress their enthusiasm for a mission than to openly express it so that they do not inadvertently depress their co-workers that may be "mourning the moment". The person possessing the traits of an advisor is more likely motivated by long-term outcomes more than "quick wins". You may be able to relate to being able to do something very well, even though you don't particularly enjoy it. Ideal advisors may not be the apparent best performers of a particular job, but they are likely among the most consistent and proficient at it. They may not always be the award winner; but they are always near if not at the top, and always reliable. Personnel that possess and demonstrate the traits of an advisor are often likely to enable or support the achievements of their team members over their own. They are also less likely to take credit for positive outcomes if they influenced or caused them; and more likely to take responsibility for deficiencies (regardless of fault) to protect the integrity and morale of their teams. As previously mentioned, faithfulness is a critical advisor trait.
Advisors have to be able to distinguish their job skill from the job of advising. Being a subject matter expert does not equate to being an effective advisor. There is a difference between being a maneuver commander and the act of coaching, teaching, or advising a maneuver commander. Advising is a separate and distinct skill from all other military specialties with the arguable exception of special operations. The trait of humility enables the advisor to recognize the need to acquire or improve the skills needed to advise while simultaneously sustaining military skill expertise. This requirement reveals a significant challenge in building a maintaining a population of skilled advisors, how to employ personnel as advisors while keeping them proficient in their military skills. Consider that an armor crewman spends approximately two thirds of the year training for either combat or replicated combat in a validation exercise; when would there be time to serve as an advisor and still be a proficient crewman? It can be done, but it requires a deliberate plan, supported by the branch of service or organization. Of course, this assumes that the advisor will be called on to build capacity relative to their military skill. In other words, infantry advisors will be employed to advise infantry operations; but this is an invalid assumption. In instances wherein the host nation's current capacity is comparatively low; the advisor may instead be employed to advise basic operations rather than operations equivalent to their specific skill level or specialty.
Finally, the advisor must know how to teach.10 Transferring knowledge is indeed a separate skill, one that dedicated educators spend years perfecting. In most cases, the advisor will not have time to become a professional educator, but the basics of facilitating human learning can be developed. Each branch of service has an established program for training institutional faculty in formal training development. Knowledge of these processes can be invaluable to advisors as they work to transfer not only their personal knowledge, but the knowledge of other subject matter experts to the foreign security force. By now you might be thinking that this sounds absurd. Are we really expecting advisors to develop not one or two, but three (or more) distinct skills; just to do the apparently thankless job of advising? Yes. That is exactly what I am saying. Let me share what this looks like for the seemingly hapless advisor: the advisor assesses that the foreign security force needs to acquire a capacity that it doesn't have and is not within the advisor's field of expertise. The advisor researches possible solutions, references books, consults with other SMEs, conducts meetings and working groups, etc.; all to understand the problem well enough to offer valid solutions and advice. If a skilled trainer or teacher is not available to teach and coach the skill on behalf of the advisor, the advisor must learn and master the skill themselves, well enough to teach it to the counterparts. Finally, the advisor must evaluate the change in capacity by observing the counterpart execute or implement the new skill. And by the way, the advisor often is required to do this discretely, without appearing to tell the sometimes more senior counterpart "how to do something" as that might be insulting (see empathy and humility above). If done skillfully, knowledge can be effectively transferred without compromising the relationship, in fact, it usually improves the relationship by building trust in the advisors expertise by the counterpart. However, no one will ever know the extensive work that was put into planning and executing the transfer of knowledge.
What the Advisor Must Do
This next part comes straight from the book, which I personally think is pretty well-written.1 Advisors have a number of roles, but some are more common than others. The first thing an advisor must do is…advise.
Advising is providing expert advice and counsel to help in decision making, but how? Typically, by coaching and teaching the foreign security force. Coaching usually means providing constructive feedback to improve performance. Teaching, as discussed involves transferring and assessing knowledge. This may sound a lot like training, but they are not synonymous. No relationship is required for training. As a recruit at Fort Knox, Kentucky in the Armor school, in 1992, I remember the instructor that first taught me how to hold and fire a pistol. His name was Sergeant First Class (SFC) Brownlee. He taught with infectious exuberance. He succeeded in capturing and keeping the attention of hundreds of recruits every day and teaching them how to effectively fire the M9 9mm Berretta pistol; but I am fairly certain that SFC Brownlee would not know me from any of my fellow recruits then or now. There was no interpersonal relationship built on trust. It was just a day on the range. Highly effective training and transfer of knowledge, yes; advising, no. Training happens now and is then over. Advising is lasting and persistent. It is enduring. Advisors are almost inevitably required to be trainers, but trainers are not necessarily advisors. I scored expert in my pistol class, by the way. I arrived at the range having never held a weapon before. I left a qualified expert marksman. That is effective training.
The U.S. Army Civil Affairs community categorizes operational environments as either permissive, uncertain, or hostile. This template works well for expressing the roles that advisors often perform, depending on the environment that they are working in. The advisor's role often shifts based on the environment; that is, how capable the foreign security force is and how secure the host nation is. (see figure). For permissive environments, the advisor's primary role is essentially liaison between the foreign security force and the U.S. The advisor will likely provide relatively little, if any support to the foreign security force of a legitimate governing authority that is capable of securing the local population. However, the ability to advise remains a significant aspect of the mission. Often in permissive environments, advisors work in very small teams or even alone, and possess subject matter expertise suitable to the host nation security force. In some cases, the advisor is principally facilitating security assistance programs or working as part of a combined DoD / DoS effort supporting the country team or embassy.
Figure 1: Advisor Roles by Operational Environment Type
For Uncertain environments the advisor is often working to stabilize the host nation against growing regional or internal threats. In these environments; advising, coaching, and teaching are essential to increasing the capacity of the host nation to overcome threats and retain legitimacy. There may also be concerns of threats to human rights or other concerns sufficient to merit intervention by non-government organizations. Advisors are relied upon to provide current and accurate assessments of the foreign security force to strategic decision makers to help prevent further instability in the host nation.
Hostile environments often occur when a state is severely challenged to maintain governance over the population or to secure it from threats. Security forces may be non-existent or lack sufficient capacity to be a creditable fighting force. In these environments, advising is critical to building capacity, but security concerns have to be addressed first. To do this, advisors provide a direct link between the foreign security force and the war fighting capacity of the U.S. and/or coalition in the area. The U.S. and/or coalition provides combat power to ensure there enough security to regain or maintain legitimacy of the host nation government and to build the foreign security force capacity enough for it to match or overmatch the threat.
In all environments, advisors provide liaison, access to U.S. assets for support, assessment of the foreign security force's capacity and interoperability; and provide advice and counsel to foreign security force decision makers and influencers. But there are two other essential actions that an advisor must do: build teams and exert influence without authority. Competent advisors spend considerable energy teaching themselves new skills, but no one can know everything. Advisors leverage other subject matter experts to provide the depth of knowledge needed to build the capacity of the foreign security force. Often, the help needed is not a part of the advisor's chain of command or even from the same branch or organization as the advisor. The advisor solicits the input experts and authorities from other-government organizations, non-government organization, the international community, the interagency, etc. In short, wherever the requisite information is, the advisor finds it and provides it to the foreign security force as needed. Again, the tenacity and audaciousness instilled during the advisor's development as a warfighter enables him to visualize unconventional solutions and recruit the support of external enablers; perhaps even other countries. However, the advisor may leverage the trait of humility to gain commitment from enablers that the advisor has no authority over. Successful advisors build teams of experts that can meet the foreign security force's developmental needs.
Who Says What an Advisor Is?
The Congress and President of the United States says so.5 There are numerous legislative directives that effectively create the advising mission; but perhaps the two most significant today is Title 10 U.S. Code for the Armed Services; Title 22 for Foreign Relations; and most recently, Presidential Policy Directive 23 and the FY 2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA). Collectively, this body of legislation authorizes and funds Security Cooperation; which in turn entails other programs and activities that necessitate sustained collaboration with foreign security forces. These are all "big picture" strategic documents. They discuss actions that include and effect the entire government and population, with strategic and international effects. The advising mission is the result of these and related directives. Although not specifically named or defined in these documents, they imply that someone will have to serve as the representative of U.S. interests in these matters with each foreign security force that we interact with.
Even though the mission to advise is not new, the doctrine that defines, relatively is. Prior to 2004, perhaps the only U.S. Army doctrine specifically devoted to advising was the Special Forces Advisor Guide. That document became the principal reference for operationalizing the mission to advise in the early years of the War on Terrorism. The SF Guide was referenced to determine what conventional forces tasked to advise would receive as part of their pre-deployment training. Essentially, it prescribed training in human behavior, rapport building, influencing, negotiations, cross-cultural competence; pre-supposing skills in training and occupational specialty expertise.
It is interesting to note that Security Cooperation, Security Assistance, Foreign Internal Defense, Building Partner Capacity, Institutional Capacity Building, etc. are all defined in their respective generating policies, laws, and documents; however the essential task that facilitates these activities is heretofore not formally defined in any DoD publication, thus the definition offered in this paper is intended to inform and enable the entire U.S. Security Cooperation community of interest to communicate the advising mission uniformly.
I would be remiss not to point out the distinction between the definition that I offer and those of notable authors and well-respected academics in the field of international security, specifically, the seminal academic work on advising outside of the DOD; "Strategic Advising in Foreign Assistance: A Practical Guide" by Dr. Nadia Gerspacher. To achieve U.S. strategic goals, advising must be executed at all levels of war and across all elements of both combat power and governance. Particularly in hostile and uncertain environments, development of partner nation capacity is needed below just the executive functions of the national government. Institutions well below the national level will often require some level of coaching, teaching, or advising to achieve viability. In short, effective advising is deliberate advising. Advisors always have a vision, if not a plan to guide their works with the security force. As I said, being visionary is essential to the advisor.
Who Cares How We Define "Advisor"?
Those who serve as advisors and their families care how we define advisor. This includes military and civilian members in all branches of the U.S. Government as well as contracted personnel serving as advisors under Title 10, 22, or other U.S. authorities. All of us are obligated to represent the U.S. and place the strategic objectives that mandated our employment first in our efforts to build partner nation capacity. Some environments are relatively stable, but often the work of the advisor is done in areas of considerable instability. As I write this, three U.S. military personnel have been killed working as advisors in Afghanistan in as many months. This is not an insignificant number by any means. These were not combatants engaged in decisive action force-on-force combat. These were people working for the sole purpose of increasing the capacity of a foreign country to protect first protect itself and optimally others from threats within their borders and region. The advisors weren't aggressing or attacking. They weren't maneuvering to suppress, kill, or destroy, or any of a number of other tactical mission tasks. They were advising. They were working to build and sustain interpersonal relationships with foreign security force counterparts to help them make decisions and build their competence, capacity, commitment, and confidence in defense of their country. It matters in the extreme that we thoroughly understand what their duty was and what it meant to undertake. We have to thoroughly communicate exactly what we are asking of those that serve as advisors and we must be able to well, consistently, truthfully, and accurately communicate that mission to the American people.
The American economy cares. Regardless of differing opinions on propriety and method, there is substantial revenue in U.S. sales to foreign militaries. Aside from the impact that advisors have on the economy, foreign military sales is also an integral part of the U.S. National Security Strategy. According to the U.S. State Department fact sheet, arms transfers increased 18% in 2018, contributing billions of dollars to the U.S. economy.9 Security Assistance programs like Foreign Military Sales (FMS) and International Military Education and Training (IMET) require networks of offices in the interagency to manage and implement. Often, it is the advisor that recognizes and proposes opportunities for U.S. military equipping to partner nations, particularly when increasing the ability of the partner nation to operate with U.S. or NATO forces, i.e. "interoperability" is a goal of the effort to build the partner's capacity. At the point of delivery of this training and equipment, there is also person, tasked to represent the interests of the United States and to provide advice and counsel on the employment and implementation of newly gained capacity. In other words, advisors enable effective transfers of military training and equipment to foreign defense and security forces, thus enabling the increased revenue from U.S. Security Assistance programs.
Partner nations in the international community also need to know what the U.S. means when it asks them to provide advisors to support missions bi-lateral or multi-lateral defense missions. Of course, in these cases; the goals of the U.S. and the partner nation are aligned. Both desire the same increase in the host nation's capacity and both are working to advance the goals of the coalition that executes the mission. Currently there is some inconsistency between what the U.S. expects of advisors and what is communicated by elements of our most substantial international organization, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Like the U.S., current NATO doctrine discusses "advising" but does not define the "advisor". (Allied Joint Publication 3.16) At least in part, the U.S. may be propagation of the undefined term "advisor". As the U.S. is often the lead troop or funds contributing nation to many multinational efforts, the U.S. has been and remains in a position of considerable influence in defining the terms figuratively and literally for the missions; thus again emphasizing the need to standardize our collective comprehension of the advisor and the advising mission.
According to U.S. military doctrine, advising is a part of "irregular warfare". This categorization implies that advising is done only in environments of violent struggles for legitimacy and influence over populations. Although advising may fit into this category (even when there isn't violent struggle; i.e. permissive environments), we should not consider advising as exclusively "irregular" or "special". As the U.S. acts to provide greater national and global security, advising is not only a task executed by conventional forces, it is an essential task for all regionally aligned forces. In short, everyone needs to have some forma training in advising as a part of their professional military education. As a military mission, advising may be irregular, but it is certainly not uncommon. Of course, there still must be Special Forces advising, but that is often executed under substantially different authorities with different and specific goals. However, institutional capacity building is sufficiently essential and broad enough to warrant the generation of a sustained conventional capacity to conduct advising missions in support of each Global Combatant Command. Just as a competent advisor might recognize the need and opportunity for enhancement of a partner nation's force generating functions; we too can recognize the need to enhance our own capacity in regard to the advising mission.
"Do not muzzle the Ox while it treads the grain", is a centuries old Christian moral that admonishes the wise person to not make it difficult for others to help them (New International Version, Deut 25:4). For us, it means that the U.S. Government, especially the DoD and DoS must establish programs and training for advising professionals, which will help in attracting qualified and committed personnel to the advising mission. People possessing the attributes and skills required of advising are all too rare an asset. They should be identified, cultivated, and enabled to serve with the talents that they have. A competent advisor should not be forced to choose between the mission and their careers. Instead, we should develop ways of identifying and developing people with the disposition and traits to serve as advisors, including identifying a clear and competitive career progression and professional education path for them. The recently established U.S. Army Military Advisor Training Academy (MATA) is a good start, but more is needed for total advisor development. Other branches have similar capacities; including the U.S. Air Force Advisor Academy at Joint Base McGuire-Dix Lakehurst and the Marine Corps Security Cooperation Group school at Fort Story, Virginia. As stated before, advisors must be subject matter experts in their respective fields, therefore it I do not recommend making advising a specific military occupational specialty. Instead, it should be viewed as both a special skill and a functional area that that is composed of personnel from all branches of the military, and with corresponding programs in the Department of State. If done well, this will generate sufficient personnel to comprise teams of advisors from across the U.S. interagency that can be employed whenever and wherever needed to build partner nation capacity and sustain U.S. strategic objectives.
1. ATP 3-07.10, Advising Armypubs.army.mil. U.S. Department of Defense, Nov. 2017. Web. 10 Nov. 2018. <https://armypubs.army.mil/ProductMaps/PubForm/ATP.aspx>.
2. "United States Conventional Arms Transfer Policy." U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State, 19 Apr. 2018. Web. 10 Nov. 2018. <https://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/fs/2018/280621.htm>.
3. Serafino, Nina M, "Security Assistance and Cooperation: Shared Responsibility of the Departments of State and Defense", Congressional Research Service, May 26, 2016. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R44444.pdf.
4. Smiley, Morgan, "Combat Advisor Unit for Afghanistan Transition", Small Wars Journal, accessed November 2018 http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/combat-advisor-unit-for-afghanistan-transition
5. Defense Security Cooperation Agency, "Green Book, The Management of Security Cooperation" Chapter 2: Security Cooperation Legislation and Policy, May 2018, http://www.discs.dsca.mil/_pages/resources/default.aspx?section=publications&type=greenbook
6. Ross, Tommy, "Congressional Oversight on Security Assistance", Center for Strategic & International Studies, September 26, 2017, https://www.csis.org/analysis/congressional-oversight-security-assistance
7. National Park Service (NPS), "General von Steuben", accessed November 10th, 2018; https://www.nps.gov/vafo/learn/historyculture/vonsteuben.htm
8. U.S. Department of State Fact Sheet: "United States Conventional Arms Transfer Policy", Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, April 19, 2018. https://www.state.gov/t/pm/rls/fs/2018/280621.htm
9. U.S. Department of State Fact Sheet: "U.S. Arms Transfers Rise 13 Percent in 2018, Highlighting Administration's Success Strengthening Security Partners While Growing American Jobs", Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, November 2, 2018. https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2018/11/287214.htm
10. Gerspacher, Nadia "Strategic Advising in Foreign Assistance: A Practical Guide", Lynne Rienner, 2016.
Categories: advisors - advising - advise and assist - advisor
Captain Edward E. Brown is 25 year U.S. Army veteran and Armor officer. A graduate of both the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Advisor schools; he has served as an advisor in Afghanistan for both military and police units, and as the advisor training liaison to NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan, Operation Inherent Resolve (Iraq), and Operation Resolute Support. CPT Brown is currently assigned to the Joint Readiness Training Center, home of the U.S. Army's "Tigerland" combat advisor school at Fort Polk, Louisiana; where he serves as a senior instructor, advisor training developer, and a Security Force Assistance Observer-Coach Trainer (OC/T).
Sun, 12/09/2018 - 5:43am
CPT Brown, I enjoyed your…
CPT Brown,
I enjoyed your article. Interesting that you mention both "combat advisors" as well as the non-combat kind, like those found here in KSA, as well as Egypt, Columbia, Georgia, etc... You are correct to note the importance of advising & foreign military sales (FMS) efforts. Both military & civil servant advisors should receive far more & better training than they currently do. In your current assignment (one that I might have enjoyed while in uniform), have you heard of any effort to "merge" the training of combat advisors and Title 22 military advisors under one umbrella?
Sat, 12/08/2018 - 12:42pm
In reply to Duurjob: Item No. 1: … by Bill C.
Duurjob: Addendum to my…
Duurjob:
Addendum to my comment immediately below:
As to your thoughts -- in your final paragraph below -- that:
"I believe that the purpose of advising is to genuinely increase the competence, capability, commitment, and confidence of partner or host nation security forces through the establishment or continuance of interpersonal relationships founded on mutual trust and respect."
As to this such thought, should we not concede that the "purpose of advising" is -- in truth and as you say in your initial paragraph below -- "to effect the goals of one's organization(s)?" Thus, it is only in this light that we might value:
a. An "increase in the competence, capability, commitment and confidence of partner or host nation security forces" and, this,
b. Achieved largely "through the establishment or continuance of interpersonal relationships founded on mutual trust and respect?"
In reply to I am humbled and enlightened… by Duurjob
Duurjob: Item No. 1: …
Item No. 1: Below you said:
"While there are similarities between the U.S. advisor and those of other nations, I suggest that all advisors are, in effect, agents of their sending governments and international organizations; employed to effect the goals of those organizations."
Sir: Thank you for clarifying this matter/for making this point clear for us. Thus, as I suggest in my initial comment below, it greatly benefits us (as possibly my Morgenthau, Huntington and ATP 3-05.1 quotes below might do?) to:
a. First establish the overarching goal of the U.S/the West/to first establish our grand political objective. And to, thereby,
b. Possibly come to better understand, and indeed possibly come to better acknowledge, the conflict(s) -- by way of our pursuit of our such grand political objective -- that we will (for example, with the help our host nations, and our "advisors" helping them) have to deal with and overcome.
Item No. 2:
Likewise to thank you for (as you seem to do in your final paragraph above) confirming that transformation of the outlying states and societies of the world -- this, more along modern western political, economic, social and/or value lines -- this has been -- and indeed appears to continue to be -- the enduring grand political objective of the U.S./the West. (In this regard, have I read you right?)
Given (our?) Item No. 1 above (advisors are employed to effect the goals of their organizations) and given (our?) Item No. 2 above also (the enduring goal of the U.S./the West, writ-large, has been and is transform the outlying states and societies more along modern western lines);
Given these such foundational matters, should we say that, in the "advisor" scenarios you address in your second paragraph above, to wit: the non-insurgency ones; in these such scenarios,
a. The such grand political objective of the U.S./the West, outlined at (our?) Item No. 2 above, this is already moving along nicely, has largely been achieved and/or has the support of the populations concerned? (Thus, no insurgency.) This, or that, in these particular instances -- and/or in these particular locales -- and for other, currently more important and/or more pressing reasons/need/goals --
b. Our such grand political objective; this has -- temporarily -- been put on "hold?" (In instances such as these, the use/the role of advisors, etc., logically, is to be seen from the perspective of helping the U.S./the West pursue, and achieve, hopefully via its host nation governments, these currently more important/currently more pressing reasons/needs/goals?)
Duurjob
I am humbled and enlightened…
I am humbled and enlightened by your very thoughtful comments! For perspective: this article was very much intended to focus on U.S. advising missions. While there are similarities between the U.S. advisor and those of other nations, I suggest that all advisors are, in effect, agents of their sending governments and international organizations; employed to effect the goals of those organizations. It is a unique challenge being a U.S. advisor operating under international authority. Whose priorities are the right ones? The U.S., or the coalition's? For U.S. advisors, the answer is always, "U.S.". In fact, one of the implied tasks of the advisor is to identify and mitigate friction between U.S. interests and those of the coalition or international organization whenever possible. This is tantamount to the advisor as "diplomat".
I need to also point out that not all of our (U.S.) advisors are operating in hostile environments with active insurgencies. Once mutually supporting relations are developed, in general, the U.S. wants to maintain those relationships. In regard to defense, this often requires sustained contact and defense collaboration between the U.S. and the partner nation. In these environments counterinsurgency is not a factor, beyond contingency planning. Insurgencies are highly visible locally and internationally because they are direct affronts to the legitimacy of a state. Because they are so visible, I think we tend to focus on them more than their overall effect warrants. Under favorable conditions insurgencies begin and end, but they are not empirically inevitable in the life of a state. On the other hand, sustained mutually supportive relations with other governments is an enduring requirement for the U.S.. Whether fighting an insurgency or not, there is a persistent need for us to be able to access and collaborate with partners and potential partners at all times. Again, this is a point where a U.S. conventional force capacity for advising serves to enhance U.S. diplomatic power, perhaps more so than military power.
There is also the idea that like-governed states are less likely to war with each other. Perhaps it would be best if there were more democratic states than not (for the U.S.); and perhaps advising helps promote democratic ideals, but I do not propose that to be the purpose of advising. I believe that the purpose of advising is to genuinely increase the competence, capability, commitment, and confidence of partner or host nation security forces through the establishment or continuance of interpersonal relationships founded on mutual trust and respect. Advancing democratic ideals is a potentially beneficial secondary outcome of advising.
In reply to No. Most of the time, if… by Warlock
Warlock: Your suggestion…
Warlock:
Your suggestion that "the party (the insurgency) started/existed long before we got there" (to wit: a conflict between two or more individuals and/or groups vying for power within a particular state, society and/or civilization -- one already in power -- one or more trying to gain this such power/position);
This such observation does not contradict I suggest -- but indeed only supports -- the argument that I make in my comment immediately below; this given:
a. That it is often EXACTLY this such long-running/already existing conflict/insurgency,
b. That we often count on and exploit; this,
c. To get our state and societal transformation projects off the ground/going in these countries; this,
d. Often resulting in a -- and/or exacerbating/inflaming an already existing -- clash of civilizations.
Thus, when you look to "expansionist" great powers such as the former Soviet Union and the United States during the Old Cold War (see my Hans Morgenthau quote in my initial comment far below) -- and/or the U.S./the West's lone such "expansionist" activities post-the Old Cold War (see my Huntington "Clash" and ATP 3-05.2 "Foreign Internal Defense" quotes at this location also) -- then:
a. EXPECT to see these such "expansionist" great powers,
b. Happily looking for -- and indeed happily exploiting --
c. The insurgencies that "got started long before they got there."
In reply to Warlock: Below you said: … by Bill C.
No. Most of the time, if…
No. Most of the time, if you look at history, the party's started long before we get there.
In reply to No. Host-nation governments… by Warlock
Warlock: Below you said: …
Below you said:
BEGIN QUOTE
"Your implication that insurgencies are generally based on resistance to "Western transformation" doesn't hold water. Insurgencies, like other forms of warfare, are political struggles -- it's all about who gets to run things.
END QUOTE
Certainly insurgencies, generally,
a. May not be based on resistance to transformation more along modern western political, economic, social and/or value lines. And:
b. May, indeed, be about political struggles -- about who gets to run things.
If, however, the U.S./the West is involved in these such political struggles (think "advisors," money, equipment, intelligence, and/or other "assistance") -- and, thus, if the U.S./the West is involved in helping to decide "who gets to run things" --
Then it is much more likely, I suggest, that -- in these scenarios --
a. A quid pro quo exists. And that:
b. This such "this for that" arrangement relates to the ruler helping to transform the subject state and its societies more along modern western political, economic, social and/or value lines. This such arrangement:
c. Setting the stage for/facilitating a "clash of civilizations."
(The losing party in these arrangements -- to wit: the party that is not "getting to run things" -- understands that he can often use this attack on his countries' way of life, way of governance, values, etc. -- this real threat of alien and profane "transformation" -- as, possibly by far, the very best way to rally the population to his side and to, thereby, get a chance to, at some point in time in the future, "run things" himself.)
a. If you see U.S/Western "advisors," etc., in a subject country, then:
b. As to the insurgency that these such "advisors," etc., are helping the ruler deal with --
c. These such insurgencies -- and certain others --
d. Are often based on the "resistance to "Western transformation"/the "clash of civilizations" scenarios that I -- and/or Huntington -- describe.
In reply to Warlock: Might I suggest… by Bill C.
No. Host-nation governments…
No. Host-nation governments don't work for us. And there is no requirement for governments seeking security assistance to "transform". Sure, we require adherence to U.S. law for things like FMS, and try to instill some basic ideas, like respect for human rights, but that sort of thing is just part of interacting with the modern world.
Your implication that insurgencies are generally based on resistance to "Western transformation" doesn't hold water. Insurgencies, like other forms of warfare, are political struggles -- it's all about who gets to run things.
Addendum: Take out the "not…
Take out the "not" in my final paragraph below. Thus, corrected, it should read:
Bottom Line Thought -- Based on the Above:
The fact that we -- already as you note -- have host-nation governments working for us -- and indeed already have "advisors," from our various "instruments of power and persuasion," already working for them -- all in the common cause of "transformation" of their states and societies more along modern western political, economic, social and/or value lines -- none of this would seem to negate either Huntington or my ideas. Yes?
In reply to An addendum: FWIW, several… by Warlock
Warlock: Might I suggest…
Might I suggest that both Huntington and my arguments, I believe, are not based on (and thus nor are they dependent upon) the requirement to "impose U.S. views on one's "host." (If one has a "host," then one, obviously, is not "clashing" with same?)
In this regard, we both readily understand, and both readily accept and acknowledge, that various "host-nation" governments will, hopefully, do most, if not all, of this "imposing" -- on their own populations -- for us. (This, as you note at the bottom of your initial comment below, routinely resulting in insurgencies.)
(In this manner, thus, to properly understand the relationship between:
a. So-called "internal development" [for example, state and societal change that the U.S./the West desires and is pursuing, hopefully, by, with and through its "host nation" governments] and
b. "Internal defense" [for example, military, intelligence and police operations -- designed to hold the "resisting transformation" populations down; this, while these such -- often unpopular -- transformative projects are achieved. [In this regard, to properly understand the role of "advisors?"])
Rather, Huntington and my arguments, I believe, are based on (and thus are dependent upon) the recognized "clash" between:
a. A U.S./West attempting, shall we say, "expansion" of its unusual and unique way of life, way of governance and values, attitudes and beliefs. And
b. A resisting transformation "Rest" (can be uncooperative nation states, uncooperative national leaders, and/or uncooperative populations and/or segments thereof -- any or all of which may be defending -- and/or simply using as "weapons" in other causes -- their "civilizations.")
The fact that we -- already as you note -- have host-nation governments working for us -- and indeed already have "advisors," from our various "instruments of power and persuasion," already working for them -- all in the common cause of "transformation" of their states and societies more along modern western political, economic, social and/or value lines -- none of this would not seem to negate either Huntington or my ideas. Yes?
In reply to Bill, as usual, your… by Warlock
An addendum: FWIW, several…
An addendum: FWIW, several years ago, I spent a tour as an advisor within a host country's Ministry of Defense. Nowhere in my training (such as it was) or my orders was I instructed or encouraged to force changes, or to impose U.S. views on my hosts. Expose them to concepts and ideas that might assist them? Yes. Ensure our interactions didn't violate U.S. regulations and laws? Yes -- they might be exempt, but I wasn't! Transform them? It never came up.
In reply to When considering matters… by Bill C.
Bill, as usual, your…
Bill, as usual, your infatuation with Huntington and your conspiracy theory of forced global transformation has you missing the point. The purpose of internal defense and development is to enable host nation governments to cope with internal threats and instability. The reality is that often conditions within the host nation -- often the government or ruling faction's relationship with the rest of the population -- contribute to that instability, and simply reinforcing the status quo only contributes to perpetuating it. Skipping down a few sections in the section you quoted, you'll find under Mobilization, a list starting with:
- Strengthen existing government, economic, military, and social institutions in processes, procedures, and capabilities.
- Legitimize and, if necessary, reform those institutions.
- Develop new institutions to respond to demands.
The key words are, "Strengthen existing...." Start with what exists and is working, and adjust from there. You can damn the process for daring to introduce any changes at all, but the existence of an insurgency or some other internal threat already means internally-driven transformation is already taking place.
When considering matters…
When considering matters such as these, I think that is best to, first and foremost, look to the grand -- and the apparently enduring -- political objective of the U.S./the West; for example, as noted:
a.. By Hans Morgenthau -- during the Old Cold War -- in his 1967 "To Intervene or Not to Intervene:"
""The United States and the Soviet Union face each other ... as the fountainheads of two hostile and incompatible ideologies, systems of government and ways of life, each trying to expand the reach of its respective political values and institutions and to prevent the expansion of the other."
b. By Samuel P. Huntington -- after the Old Cold War -- in his 1993 Foreign Affairs article entitled "The Clash of Civilizations" (therein, to see the major section entitled "The West Versus the Rest"):
"... The West in effect is using international institutions, military power and economic resources to run the world in way that will maintain Western predominance, protect Western interest and promote Western political and economic values ..." And:
c. By the -- 2015 (and still current?) -- edition of Army Training Publication (ATP) 3-05.2 "Foreign Internal Defense" (therein, to see the introductory paragraph of Appendix B [Internal Development and Defense Strategy]):
"The IDAD strategy is the full range of measures taken by a nation to promote its growth and to protect itself from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency. Every nation's strategy is specific, but the end state is universal—a responsible and accountable local, state or provincial, and national government that ensures the personal safety of its citizens by providing a climate and institutions that demonstrate the ability to improve their material well-being. In addition, those governments must ensure the basic freedoms that the world community has come to regard as fundamental. For the Army planner who has been born in or naturalized into a nation founded on those principles, one of the fundamental truths he must remember is that the above end state is frequently contradictory to the government the HN has experienced in the past or even from its inception. In some cases, one of the objectives may be to help formulate an appropriate IDAD strategy. This may mean instilling values that heretofore have not been present."
Given the -- generally uniform -- "universal end state" that each of these documents seems to refer (to wit: the outlying states and societies of the world transformed more along modern western political, economic, social -- and especially "value" -- lines); given this such "universal end state"/this such "grand political objective," does it now become somewhat easier to:
a. Understand The Definition (and duties) of (a U.S./Western) Advisor? And/or to:
b. Comprehend the (general/overall U.S./Western) Mission -- to Advise Foreign Security Forces?
(Note: In consideration of this U.S./Western "universal end state"/this grand political objective of the U.S./the West, Huntington, in his "Clash of Civilizations," likewise appears to have [correctly?] identified what our advisors -- in their support of our such missions -- would be up against; this, whether we are talking about nation states such as Russia, China, Iran and/or N. Korea -- and/or non-state entities such as AQ, ISIS, etc.
" ... Western concepts differ fundamentally from those prevalent in other civilizations. Western ideas of individualism, liberalism, constitutionalism, human rights, equality, liberty, the rule of law, democracy, free markets, the separation of church and state, often have little resonance in Islamic, Confucian, Japanese, Hindu, Buddhist or Orthodox cultures. Western efforts to propagate such ideas produce instead a reaction against "human rights imperialism" and a reaffirmation of indigenous values ... ")


Don't sweat the small stuff - How is Don't sweat the small stuff abbreviated?
Meanwhile, Mortensen says, don't sweat the small stuff.
I read from Sharon Draper's Teaching from the Heart, Roland Barth's Learning by Heart and Improving Schools from Within, Chicken Soup for the Teacher's Soul, compiled by Canfield and Hansen, Don't Sweat the Small Stuff.
Taylor's 10 tips for making holiday decorating less hectic: Plan wisely, be realistic, use organizational tools, multitask for efficiency, have a plan B, get a little help from friends (or the pros), shop smarter, take breaks, don't sweat the small stuff, and realize what the holidays are all about.
Other popular titles included the newer Don't Sweat the Small Stuff series by Richard Carlson and the former national bestseller The Road Less Traveled by M.
Oprah Winfrey keeps a copy beside her bed and sales of Don't Sweat the Small Stuff have just eased past the five million mark in America - making it the fastest-selling book ever.
Obsessed Mark Jury, 40, plagued American writer Kristine Carlson, author of the Don't Sweat the Small Stuff books, and her teenage daughter during a "relentless campaign".
Paula d'Entremont, Luminary chairwoman, said the bags could not go out into the elements this year, and that while it was a disappointment for those who cherish the experience, those dealing with cancer in their families are a hearty bunch and they definitely don't sweat the small stuff.
If you get one message from this book, it is: live your life, be happy, and don't sweat the small stuff.
Children who can stay focused and don't sweat the small stuff have a better shot at good health in adulthood, according to a new study by the Harvard School of Public Health.
What happened to Mum and Dad put everything in perspective - don't sweat the small stuff.
I don't sweat the small stuff, I don't work as hard as I once did and I value every experience I have with my family and friends.
Stress Management: Bicycling, don't sweat the small stuff and having a great staff.


New York City's Own "DJ Thoro" One of the Worlds Top DJs. Most recent accomplishment was winning an Award at The 2008 Justo Mixtape Awards for "Best Duo on a Mixtape" along side the talented Big Mike. Official Tour DJ for Cassidy & been working along side him since the beginning of his career while producing & bringing his hottest exclusives to the streets. Also the First DJ to ever put Cassidy on a Mixtape. Though out his career as a DJ he's been featured in many Magazines and DVD's such as: The Source, XXL, Vibe, Foundation, Streets MOS, Scratch Magazine, Hip-Hop Weekly, Cocaine City, SMACK, Street2Street and The Come Up. Also most recently Featured in The Source "Tale of The Tape" for Best Mixtape Seven issues in row & The Foundation Magazine detailing his experienced career as a Professional Tour DJ for Cassidy. As Far as TV appearances he has appeared on Rap City & 106th & Park numerous times since 2006-2007 doing special appearances with Cassidy & Swizz Beatz which also included Live at The Apollo, MTV TRL, The BET Awards, & a cameo in The "I'm So Hood Remix" video. Over The Years he has toured with many well known artist such as WuTang Clan, Biggie, Jam Master J, Lil Kim, Cassidy, Kanye West, Cash Money, Singer Mario, Plies, FloRida, Dream, Hurricane Chris, Drag-On, D-Block, Swizz Beatz, Gang Starr, 50 Cent, Akon, Freeway, Red Man, Smith & Wessin, Beatnuts, Ice Cube, Onyx, etc. The list of artist goes on & on! Official DJ for "AND 1 Mixtape Tour". Traveled World Wide to Germany, Japan, Norway, Europe, Iceland, & Finland. Currently Spinning on Shade 45 Sirius Radio "Rep Yo Set" Radio Show Sunday night 10pm-12am. Also busy running an Online Music Store IGRIND.Biz for Mixtape Downloads, music news, & merchandise. Book Thoro for shows and concerts at Heavy Rotation booking agency. Worldwide Bookings with HR Booking. Thoro Booking, Book Thoro. Book artists like Thoro, Thoro booking agent, contact Thoro email, Thoro manager, Thoro management for concerts, bookings, biography, pictures, videos. Thoro may be available for your club shows, private party, festivals or other events.


text:
Obi ist eine in der Schweiz zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts eingeführte Apfel- und Obstsaft-Marke. Sie wird heute zum einen in der Schweiz von der Thurella AG, zum anderen in Österreich durch Eckes-Granini hergestellt.

Das Wort obi ist ein Akronym für Obstverwertung Bischofszell und geht auf die auf Anfang 1906 in der thurgauischen Gemeinde gegründete Mostereigenossenschaft Obi zurück. Zu dieser gehörten auch die ebenfalls in Bischofszell ansässigen Tochtergesellschaften Obipektin AG (gegründet 1936), Obi-Kriesi AG (später OBI Weinkellerei AG) sowie die damalige Thurella AG. Nach der Mostereigenossenschaft Obi ist auch die 1945/1946 erstellte Wohnsiedlung "Obidörfli" in Bischofszell benannt.

OBI Bischofszell entwickelte in den 1930er Jahren eine Methode, mit der Apfelsaft zu Konzentrat verarbeitet und dieses bei Bedarf wieder mit Wasser zu Saft verdünnt werden konnte. Später erwarb die österreichische Ybbstaler Obstverwertung sowohl Markennamen wie auch die Methode für Österreich, während für die Schweiz die Markenrechte weiterhin bei OBI Bischofszell verblieben.

1998 wurde der Betriebsteil «Obstverwertung» der OBI Bischofszell in die «Obi Frucht und Saft AG» eingebracht. Diese wurde wenige Monate später inklusive der damaligen Vertriebsgesellschaft Thurella AG und den Marken obi und Rittergold von der damaligen Thurella Genossenschaft in Egnach übernommen. Bis Ende 2010 hat die Nachfolgerin der Thurella Genossenschaft, die unter der börsenkotierten Thurella AG formierte «Thurella Gruppe», obi und Rittergold hergestellt und vertrieben. Als ein Teil der Massnahmen im Zuge der Sanierung der in Schieflage geratenen Thurella-Gruppe wurden Ende 2010 Herstellung und Vertrieb von Apfelsaft-Fertigprodukten und somit der bekannten Marken obi und Rittergold eingestellt. Seitdem werden dort ausschliesslich Halbfabrikate unter der Marke Thurella für die Abfüller von Apfelsaft- und Mischgetränken hergestellt.

Entwicklung in Österreich
Die Marke obi, deren Markenrechte für Österreich bis 1982 die Ybbstaler Obstverwertung hielt, verbreitete sich speziell in Österreich, wo bereits in den 1930er Jahren obi Apfelsaft in der Gastronomie angeboten wurde. Das Wort "Obi" etablierte sich vor allem im Sprachgebrauch in Ostösterreich als Synonym für Apfelsaft; so wird "Obi gespritzt" als Bezeichnung für "Apfelsaft gespritzt" (Deutschland: "Apfelschorle"; Schweiz: auch "Apfelsprudel") verwendet.

1982 erwarb die Eckes-Granini von der Ybbstaler Obstverwertung die Markenrechte für obi Apfelsaft in Österreich.

Verwendung in der Literatur
 Er trinkt 70er Jahre Chateux Petrus bewusst, aber dennoch mit der gleichgültigen Hingabe à la Obi g'spritzt. In: Franz West: "gnadenlos", Franz West, Carlos Basualdo, Peter Noever. Österreichisches Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Hatje Cantz, 2001, ISBN 3-7757-1138-4, S. 8.
 …, ohne mich zu fragen bei seinem Schankburschen. "Ein Obi g'spritzt!". Er glaubte, weil ich meist Apfelsaft trank, müsste es immer Apfelsaft sein. In: Adolf Katzenbeisser, Peter Paul Kloss: Zwischen Dampf und Diesel: meine Ausbildung zum Lokführer 1956–1965. Verlag Böhlau, 1988, ISBN 3-205-06780-0, S. 126.
 … in Hamburg Obi g'spritzt bestellt habe, was dann Irritationen ausgelöst hat. In: Ralf Pleger: Simone Young: die Dirigentin: ein Porträt. Verlag Europäische Verlagsanstalt, 2006, ISBN 3-434-50599-7, S. 90.
 … die Etiketten von den Weinflaschen zu entfernen und durch Obi-Apfelsaft-Etiketten zu ersetzen. In: Roland Girtler: Herrschaften wünschen zahlen: Die bunte Welt der Kellnerinnen und Kellner. Böhlau Verlag, Wien 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77764-9, S. 67.

Einzelnachweise

Markenname (Fruchtsaft)
Ehemaliges Unternehmen (Schweiz)
Lebensmittelhersteller (Schweiz)
Bischofszell
Unternehmen (Kanton Thurgau)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


With retooled lyrics, some sweet costumes, and a heavy application of lip makeup, the magical Jenny Bede transforms Lana Del Rey's "Video Games" into a tale of video gaming's most heartbreaking love triangle.
Sorry, Miss Del Rey, but if you're going to name a song "Video Games" this sort of thing is bound to happen. This is the third time the song's been featured on Kotaku, previously having appeared in its original form and then as a superb 8-bit remix.
And now this; this beautiful, wondrous thing. Jenny Bade and friends have managed to capture the spirit of Del Rey's original video, while twisting it from a tale of a woman whose relationship has become stale to one of a princess who picked the wrong brother.
The lyrics are simply brilliant, and Bade's Lana Del Rey is spot-on. If I wasn't so terrified of those lips I'd kiss her.


A camera crew takes to the air to capture the true power of the forest fires that struck Ontario, Canada in 2011, destroying 1.5 million acres of pine forest. | For more North America, visit http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/north-america/#mkcpgn=ytdsc1 Subscribe to Discovery! | http://www.youtube.
I don\'t know the story behind this or where it happened, this is amazing to look at and yet scary at the same time. This is insane!


Welcome to Week 17 of the One Yard Wonders Sew Along!
Carrie, taking a page from Diana's book, selected 3 fabrics. Timeless Treasures Allover Letters Neutral, Michael Miller Fabrics Ta Dot Candy, and Michael Miller Fabrics Tiny Gingham Aqua.
Simple to follow pattern and fun to make.
Carrie made her own bias binding and used fusible fleece in place of cotton batting.
She is going to use the Planner Sleeve to give a gift of handmade cards. Other possibilities include recipes, photos, kids drawings, sewing notions to name a few.
This pattern would be easy to re-size and re-purpose. Create envelopes of any size by keeping your over all measurement divisible by 3. How about a cover for a Nook or I Pad? Make it tiny and use for gift cards. A food friendly lining and you have a reusable sandwich bag. The options are endless.
Wonder Under and rubber stamps make a great handmade card. Iron Wonder Under to your fabric, peal back and iron to card-stock, trim "package" to desired size. Stitch ribbon/bow on the package with your sewing machine. Attach to card with mounting tape. Rubber stamp your greeting and you have a beautiful card.
Cindy chose 3 fabrics. Ann Kelle Ready Set Go Cars Lime ORGANIC , Carolyn Gavin Spring Street Stripe Orange and Michael Miller Basics Ta Dot Moss.
The pattern was fast, easy to follow and understand.
A "one hour" project. Good for beginners.
Cindy didn't make any changes.
She made the bag to go in her daughters car for her boys.
Cindy said this Not-Ugly Trash Bag is much too cute for trash….maybe toys, coloring books and pencils, or diapers & wipes for the baby would be a great use for this fun project.