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Potter's Electric News
Issue: 11th March 1868
Mae'r adnodd hwn yn rhydd o gyfyngiadau hawlfraint ac wedi ei gyhoeddi dan y Nod Parth Cyhoeddus 1.0.
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. It Is particularly requested that all remittances be maie to the TRUSTEES, Herald Office, High-street.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
TO CORRESPONDENTS. No notice can be taken of anonymous communications Wha'ever is intended for insertion must be authenti- cated by the name and address of the writer; noi necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Wo cannot undertake to return rejected communications
HAVERFORDWEST POSTAL REGULATIONS
Detailed Lists, Results and Guides
HAVERFORDWEST POSTAL REGULATIONS Peatmaster-MR BRTANT Evenis. UP JlrArL TO LONDON. Box Closes I Late letters with addi- | Departure of 4,34 p.m. I tionalstamp, 5.5. | Mai 15.15 p.m. UP MAIL TO THE NORTH. Box Closes | Late letters with addi-I Departureof 10.45 a.m. I tionalstamp, 11.10 Mail 11.27 a. m. MMTBOWN MAIL TO FNMBROKE, PEMBEOKE-DOCK, MILFOKB tND IRELAND. Box Closes j Late letters with addi- | Departure of 9.50 p.m. j tionalstamp, 10 p.m. Mail 5 a.ra. OWJJNJi BOWK MAIL TO PKMBROKS, &C., &C., AND IRELAND. Box Closes | Late letters -with addi- j Departure of S.20 p.m. I tiona! stamp, 1.30. Mail 1.35 p.m. .London Down Mailarrives 6.35 a.m. Letters delivered 7.35 p.m. North Down Mailarrives 1.50 p.m. Letters delivered 2.30 p.m. First Up Mailfrom Milford, &c.,arrives 11.35 am. Lettersdelivered 2,31} p.m. Second UpMail from Milford.&c,arrives 5.30 ).m. Letters-lelivered 6.0 p.m. The public are recommended when applying foi jney Orders, to use printed Application Forms,' which save time, and afford greater security than verbal messages against mistakes. These forms are supplied gratuitously at all offices to any one requiring- money orders. The commission on inland money orders is as follows: On sums not exceeding £2. 3d. Above £ 2 do do £ 5 6d. " 95 do do £ 7 9d. " 1;7 do do £ 10 Is. The commission on Money Orders payable in Canada, Cape o Good Hope, New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland Australia is fourfold these sums, and on Money Orders payable at Gibraltar or Malta threefold. No single order tan be granted for more than £ 10. A letter, book, or other packet, on which the postage has been prepaid in stamps, can be registered to any part of the United Kingdom for a fee of fourpence. All letters posted containing coin are now taxed with the -reduced registration < of 4d, and an additiona fine of 4d.
HAVERFORDWEST RIFLE VOLUNTEERS.
HAVERFORDWEST RIFLE VOLUNTEERS. DRILL INSTRUCTOR—SERGEANT-MAJOR REID. Drills for the week commencing March 9,1868. ¡;, £ 1 £ • ci ,3 2 In >» le J3 U b g 8 s 5 5 5 3 > & ei « H !> H fx P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P..M P.M. Squad Drill 8 8 8 Target Practice ■Bayonst Exercise 9 9 Position Drill Aiming Drill Battalion Drill. General Muster 8 8 Blank Firing Target Practice Band Practice 8 Captain for the week. Captain Cnrrow. Orderly Non-commissioned Officers, Col-Sergeants W. E. Jones and W. H. Morris. (Signed) X. PEEL, Lieut.-Colonel, Commanding 1st Administrative Battalion, Pembrokeshire Rifle Volunteers.
THE PEMBROKESHIRE SPRING ASSIZES.
THE PEMBROKESHIRE SPRING ASSIZES. THE Spring Assizes for the County of Pem- broke, which terminated on Thursday week, was remarkable for the number and gravity of the cases presented for the consideration of judg-e and jury. The charge against the youthful Mac Lan for the murder of a fellow- seaman at the port of Milford was one which attracted general attention, and the crowded court which eagerly watched the progress of the trial and heard in almost breathless silence the homicide's condemnation to penal servitude for twenty years, testified to the wide-spread interest felt in the case. There were other cases in the calendar, not of such grave importance as Mac Lan's, but yet of a painful and serious character. In one of these an uncle was the prosecutor and a nephew the prisoner; and the charge-that of stealing a large sum of money—having been brought home to the accused by the evidence of his relatives, he was condemned to impri- sonment for six months. Another serious charge—that of sheep stealing, which not many years ago was punishable with the same penalty as the crime of murder,—was also investigated, and the offence being proved by a number of witnesses, the crafty and active sheep-stealer was sent to penal servitude for five years. But if the criminal business was unusually heavy and interesting, the civil list was also numerous and attractive. An abun- dance of civil suits, according to the dictum of a learned Jud^e who not very long since presided on the South Wales Circuit, is indi- cative of the prosperity of a county; and Pembrokeshire, judged by this standard, must be held to have made considerable advance- ment since the last assize in 1867, at which there was no civil business transacted. Last week there were four cases entered for hear- ing two were compromised, and two were fought to an issue before a jury. The most interesting, and to the county generally the most important, was a contest between land- lord and tenant, in which Mr Meyrick, the well known proprietor of the Bush estate, was the plaintiff, and Mr Whicher Davies, the popular Town Councillor of Haverfordwest, was the defendant. A landlord and tenant case has always great attractions for an agri- cultural community; but it is rarely indeed that public curiosity in this county is indulged with the details of a dispute of this kind; for it must be recorded to the great credit both of the landowners and tenantry of Pembroke- shire, that their differences are, as a rule, amicably adjusted, and without resort to a court of law. According to the information ZD supplied us, efforts were made on this occasion in the defendant's behalf to obtain a friendly settlement of the dispute, and now that the case has been fully heard and all its details carefully investigated, we think it must be regretted that the attempts at a peaceful ar- rangement were not successful. The repoil that the deservedly respected proprietor of the Bush Estate, who is no lover of litigation, was going to law, excited general surprise; and that feeling was much increased when it was known that his opponent was to be no other than his tenant Mr Whicher Davies. Why these gentlemen should fight an expensive battle in a law court the local public could not well understand. Mr Whicher Davies was a loj al tenant: his sympathies, political and otherwise, ran strongly in the same direction as his landlord's; and it was in an active sup- port of his landlord's interest in a political contest at Pembroke that the courageous tenant received some severe personal injuries. With these circumstances fully known to all conversant with local matters, it was some- thing to excite wonder that these gentlemen should have deliberately made up their minds to spend no inconsiderable amount of money in a wrestle in a law court, and to give their differences the widest possible publicity. The circumstances, out of which litigation arose, were comprised in veiy narrow limits, and may be stated in a few words. Mr Davies is the tenant of a farm called Steynton Green, a few miles from Haverfordwest, and has held it for a number of years. Some time before the 25th of March last a notice to quit the farm was prepared for despatch to Mr Davies. The notice, according to the first witness examined for the plaintiff, was enclosed in an undated letter, which he alleged he posted sometime between the 19th and 23rd of March at Pembroke Dock. The defendant, who was seriously ill about this time, asserted that he never saw or heard of the notice, and his con- fidential clerk, by whom the defendant's busi- ness was mainly transacted during his illness, also declared" ith the utmost positiveness that the notice was never received. The plaintiff, with the object of proving that the letter was received, produced one written by the defendant's clerk on the 27th of March, which acknowledged the receipt of some letter that morning, but made no re- ference whatever to the notice to quit. It, however, we believe, alluded to the sale of the farm, to which a reference was made in the letter which was said to have contained the notice to quit. The defendant's clerk, who was the writer of the letter, was quite certain he had not seen any notice to quit, and the allusion to the sale of the farm was accounted for by the circumstance that the defendant had frequently conversed with him respecting the purchase of the farm, and that the enquiry made by him in reference to the price of it originated in these conversations. The fact that the letter of the 27th commenced with the words—Tours to hand this day,' was sufficient in itself to destroy the assumption that it was written in answer to the notice to quit, because, according to the plaintiff's case, the letter was posted at Pembroke Dock on the 23rd, and must have been delivered at Haver- fordwest the same day, or at all events several days before the 27th. The attorney for the plaintiffdeposed that the defend ant admitted, in a conversation with him, that he had received a notice to quit; but this the defendant em- phatically contradicted, and stated, in expla- nation of the misapprehension, that he said he had received three or four notices to quit the farm, but that to the best of his belief he had not received one within the last two years. These were the facts adduced in evidence on both sides, and a very cursory review of them must have enabled any one to perceive that the case for the plaintiff was extremely weak. The evidence as to the posting of the notice was not satisfactory, and proof that it reached its des- tination rested upon versions of conversations with the defendant, the accuracy of which was disputed. The jury, at first, were unable to come to a decision but on a second delibera- tion they returned a verdict for the defendant, who now adds his landlord's name to the list of those whom he has defeated in litigation. The action, we cannot help thinking, was a most unfortunate one, and its influence for ill will not end with the verdict of the Jury at the Pembrokeshire Assize. We have been in- formed that the plaintiff has bean served with notice of two or three actions, all springing out of the same dispute. Mr Davies, though unwilling in the first instance to close with an engagement at law, has now resolved to change his position, and in the next proceedings he will appear as plaintiff and his landlord as defendant. One of the actions is brought for heavy damages alleged to have been sustained by him by his landlord interfering with his possession of Steynton Green and by his in- troduction of bailiffs on the premises. Mr Davies is not of a temperament to be scared by threats of legal proceedings: it is not in his nature to turn his back on an opponent how- ever powerful he may be, and once it is decided that there is no other mode of settling il a difficulty than the issue of the very uncertain and speculative game of law, we may be sure he will not turn tail, but fight out the battle to defeat or victory. What the result of these several suits may be it is impossible to con- jecture but it is very easy to conclude that they will not conduce to the restoration of that good feeling which is so necessary for the welfare and prosperity of landlord and tenant.-Pem- brokeshire Herald.
, Z *1° °AL T ELI^GE NCE7""
Z *1° °AL T ELI^GE NCE7"" THE Levee—By command of the Queen a levee was held on Tuesday week, at St. James's Palace by his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, on behalf of Her Majesty. In the list of those who attended the levee, we observe the names of Sir James Hamilton, and Mr Scour- field, MP. LECTURE on Musketry.—Capt. Brady, adjutant of the Pembrokeshire Battalion of Volunteers. delivered a lec- ture on musketry to the Haverfordwest Volunteers at the Drill-room on Wednesday evening. The gallant officer delivered a very in teresting lecture, which was illustr-ited by diagrams, and afforded t he fullest information respecting the construction of the rifle, and its capabilities both on the target range and in the field. At the conclusion of the lecture a vote of thanks was proposed to Capt Brady, and carried by acclamation. ROYAL PEMBROKESHIRE ARTILLERY MILITIA.—This egimbnt is summoned to meet at their head-quarters, lIaverfo.rdwest, for twenty-eight days training and ex- ercise, on the 27th of April. The recruits will attend on the 13th of April, for fourteen days' preliminary drill. THE LATH PROSECUTION FOR SHEEP STEALING.—The farmers and sireep owners in the neighbourhood of Henry's Moat contemplate presenting Mr Thomas, of the Tufton Arms, witb a testimonial, in recognition of his conduct in prosecuting Caleb Morris, who was condemned to penal servitude fot five years at the hte assises. A meeting will shortly be called at Henry's Moat for the purpose of presenting the testimonial to Mr Thomas, which will consist of a aum of money, and is intended to defray the expenses incurred by the prosecutor in bringing the sheep stealer to justice. THH QUEEN'S JOURNAL IN WEI^H.—In consequence of representations made to Her Majesty as to the large number of her Welsh subjects who,still speak the lan- guage of their fathers, Her Majesty has been pleased to direct that the 4 Journal' shall be translated into the an- cient language of the Cymry. Sir Thomas Biddulph, by command of Her Majesty, has requested the Rev J. Jones, vicar of Llandissiliogogo, near New Quay, Cardiganshire, an eminent Welsh scholar, to undertake the work. This act of Her Majesty has given great satisfaction to the Weleh-apeaking population of the Principality, than whom there are no more loyal subjects within the vast realms of the British empire.-Timcs, March :1. Accident—On Saturday weeb.whilst a coachman in the employ of J. P. LI. Phillips, Esq, of Dale Castle, was driving a spirited horse down St. Thomas Green, the animal from some cause became frightened and dashed off in the direction of the town. The driver retained his sear, and succeeded in turning the corner of Upper Market-street.. by Capt. Chambers's residence, in safety, but had not sufficient control over the animal to prevenj his taking down Market-street. When opposite the meat market, his course was stopped by running into violent 11 collision with a horse and cart, standing at the entrance. The man was hurled from his seat, and sustained several severe bruises, but we are glad to hear escaped without receiving any dangerous injury. The vehicle was broken, and the horse slightly injured. Notwithstanding the generally crowded state of tne thoroughfares on a market- day, there was fortunately no other damage than that above referred to. TRAVELLING IN A RAILWAY CARRIAGE WITHOUT A TiCKEr.~At the Shire Hall on Thursday, before W. Owen, Esq, of Withybush, and James Bowen, Esq, a sailor named hobert Williams, was charged by Mr Salisbury NIiieswith travelling in a carriage on the Great Western Railway without a ticket.—Mr Miles deposed that the defendant on Wednesday night was travelling in a carriage without a ticket. The defendant, when spoken to about his ticket, said he had taken one at Carmarthen Junction but had lost it. He was detained some time for enquiries to be made by telegraph at Carmarthen. He afterwards said he lived in Pater, and they were about to send a man with him to get the money, when be stated that he lived in Newport, and that his name was John Williams. He subsequently said that be lived at New Quay; that his name was Robert Williams, and that he had no ticket.—The defendant admitted the charge, saying that he was sorry for what he had done, and that he was 'hard up,' or be would not have committed the offence.—The Bench ordered the defendant to pay a fine of 10s and costs, and in default of payment to be im- prisoned for twelve days. The defendant, not being provided with the money, was committed to prison. HAVERFORDWEST MUNICIPAL ELECTION. The election of a member of the Town Council to supply the vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr W. M arycburch took place on Friday at the Market Hal'. Thtre were at first three candidates in the field-Mr W. Williams, of Market Street, Mr John Davies. of Tower Hill, and Mr Thomas Williams, of Merlin's Hill; all of whom issued addresses. The last named gentleman, however, withdrew when a contest appeared certain, and the field was left to Mr Davies and Mr Williams. The following is the result of the poll:- Mr Williams 268 Mr Davies 213 The first named gentleman was therefore elected by a majority of 55 votes. As the unexpired term of Mr Marychurch's office is only eight months, the same seat will be again vacant next November. HAVERFORDWEST PETTY SESSIONS. These sessions were held at the Shire Hall on Thursday, before the Mayor, J. W. Phillips, Esq, T. Rule Owen, Esq, and James Bowen, Esq. CHARGE OF ASSAULT. David Davies, of Prendergast, was charged with as- saulting George Griffiths, of Prendergast. This case (which had been adjourned from the last sessions) was settled out of Court. REFUSING TO ASSIST THE POLICE. Thomas Davies was charged with refusing to assist P.C. Simpson in the execution of his duty. Mr Cecil said the defendant was summoned for refusing to aid P C. Simpson while be was arresting one John Rees, at Prendergast under a warrant. His only object in bringing the case forward was to let the public know that they were bound to assist the police when they were called upon. The defendant said he could prove by witnesses that he did not refuse to assist. The case was postponed for a short time, and sub- sequently Mr Cecil said that with the permission of the Bench he would withdraw the charge. The Clerk observed that the charge was a very serious one, and a person, who was guilty of it, might be con- victed at the Quarter Sessions, and sentenced to imprison- ment for a year or two with hard labour. DRUNKENNESS, &C. Maria Morgan, a nymph of the pave, was charged with drunkenness after a previous conviction for drunken- ness. The defendant admitted the charge. The Bench ordered the defendant to find two sureties in the sum of S10 each to be of good behaviour for one calendar month and in default of finding sureties, to be imprisoned for the same period. The Bench warned the defendant that if she were brought np on a similar charge again, and convicted, the period of imprisonment would be very much longer. George Carter pleaded guilty to a charge of drunken- ness and riotous conduct in Mariner's Square, on the 27th ult, and was fined 10s and costs. James Thomas was charged with drunkenness on the 27th ult. The defendant pleaded guilty, and was fined 5s and costs. Robert Lewis, seaman, of Hakin, was charged with drunkenness at the Shire Hall during the late assizes. j The defendant pleaded guilty, and was fined as and costs. His Worship, in delivering the judgment of the Bench, said that if the matter had been brought before the Judge, the defendant would in all probability have been sent to prison. MATHRY PETTY SESSIONS. These sessions were held on Monday week, before M. Griffith, Esq, J. Worthington, Esq, and Capt Edwardes. GAME PROSECUTIONS. Thomas Griffiths, police constable, v. W. Roberts. This was an information laid against a dealer for buying game ol an uncertificated seller. Mr Price appeared for the defence. Informant stated that be was a police constable, stationed at Saint David's. On Thursday, the 28th of November, 1867, he was at the Harp Public House, in plain clothes. He was dressed as a common man, and had a gun with him. He sold the defendant a hen pheasant. In answer to the magistrates' clerk, informant stated that be had no game licence, and conqequently was not authorized to sell game. Mr Price cross-examined Griffiths as to the date of the occurrence, charging him at the same time to be accurate, as he (Mr Price) had evidence in court to prove that de- fendant was not at the Harp on that day. Informant produced his report and adhered to the time fixed in the information. Mr Price then took the technical objection to the in- formation, that the defendant was charged with the offence 'he being a licensed dealer;' the tact being that he was riot licensed, but only in the employ of one who was, and that the charge made had not been proved and must therefore be dismissed. The Bench, on the advice of their clerk, held the ob- jection fatal, and dismissed the case. tlon Thomas Griffiths v. W. This was an in. o™3 under the same statute as the last, and similar circum stances. Mr Owen appeared for the defence.. oB Thomas Griffiths said he was a police officer, £ W» the 29th day of November, 1867, sold two partridge* » Hill, he (the informant) not having a game certifianW* In cross-examination he admitted that he bad gone W the Harp in disguise for the purpose of inducing thedC fendant to buy game. Hill did not come, but he sent a boy out to him. He did not know why the charge wal made three months after the offence was committed. Mr Owen admitted that the defendant had been guilty of a breach of the strict letter of the law, but asked tM magistrates to weigh carefully the attending circumstances. The time that had been suffered to elapse since the oSeacO was stated to have been committed threw great obstacles in the way of the defence Had it been allowed to run three days longer the law itself would have interfered to prevent the prosecution. Again, police officers were ap- pointed to prevent the commission of offences against tM law, and nothing could justify their inducing people to commit them. It was most disgraceful that a policeman should assume a disguise with the avowed object Of seducing a man to be guilty of an infraction of the laff»» and for the purpose of subsequently prosecuting hiint and sharing whatever penalty might be fixed upon Under these circumstance the magistrates could but intleC a very light penalty. The magistrates, having deliberated, fined the defenQallS X5 and costs. BOOSE PETTY SESSIONS. These sessions wore held at the Sbire Hall on Saturdalf before O. E. Davies, Esq. A. B. Starbuck, Esq, J. P. Jones, Esq, and 8. Harford, Esq. DESERTING SERVICED Thomas Gambol, a farm servant, was charged with deserting the service of his master, Mr William William8* of Darn Lake. In reply to the charge, The defendant said be left his service because be could not get sufficient butter, and that the bed he was provided witlf was not ftt to sleep in. The quantity of butwj supplied was abowt foalf of what he ought to have, the bed was covered with old bags whicti, having at one time contained superphosphate, smelled dreadfully. The bed, too, was in the stable, and so near the horses, tbaG they kicked it till it shook. The complainant deposed that a complaint <WC? made by the servants about the quantity of butter, aD. more was given them. The bed was a good one, and tJ9 complaint had been made respecting it. The defendant said be' was afraid to complain to, b\t master, because of the threats he used. He could orinØ the servants to prove the truth of what be had said abOUt the bed. The complainant said that the bed could be seen by anybody, and was a good one.. The Bench adjourned the case for the production of additional evidence. DRUNKENNESS AND RIOTOUS CONDUCT. Charlotte Dawson was charged with drunkenness and riotous conduct. The defendant was in attendance, but had been expelled from the Court some time previously for drunkenness find noisy conduct. When the case was called on, the pollce reported that the defendant was still on the premises, but so drunk that she was not able to move about. The Bench said they could not hear the case of the defendant when she was in such a state of intoxication* and adjourned the case for a week to await Mrs DaWSO"8 return to sobriety. Subsequently Mrs Dawson was taken care of by tbO Haverfordwest police, and removed to the police station. CHARGE OF STEALING A C!.OCK. d James Thomas, a sailor, residing at Roch, was charged with stealing a clock of the value of £ 1 43 6d, the pro* perty of his brother-in-law, William Owen. Mrs Owen, wife of the complainant, and sister of the accused, stated that the accused came to her hOuseOM Sunday evening and took away tbe clock. He said it was his. and that he had paid for it. She bought it Of Mr' M'Convil, ofUzmaston. The accused said he boueht the clock about setS- years ago, and that it was in the house of his moth^ with whom he made bis home when be returned from sea. His mother had died, and he n°v away the clock because it was his property* clocu was supplied by M'Convil, and he paid for it- M'Convil said he sold a clock in the house referred » but it was so long ago that he could not recollect V* paid him for it. The Beach said that it was a case for the County Court, and dismissed the charge. WILFUL DAMAGE. The same defendant was then charged by his brotbef' in-law with breaking open the door, and doing to the extent of Is 2d. Mrs Owen deposed that on Monday the defenda" came to the door, and she would not let him in. burst it open, and injured the lock. The defendant said the door was his mother's prop and she being dead, a part of it belonged to him. *■ wanted to get his things out of the house, for some of11 money had been taken away. The Bench said the defendant had no right to bre open the door, and fined him lOa and costs, amollDtlPg altogether to £1 3s 5d.
T E N B Y.
T E N B Y. TOWN HALL.—On March the 5th before the Mayor, Catherine, wife of Thomas Parcell was charged by P-V' John Beynon, with being drunk and disorderly fined and 2J 6d costs. Amuunt paid. CHARITY TRUSTEES.—At a special meeting on TueE week, present,—The Archdeacon of St David's, in chair, Rev J. Phelps, N. J. Dunn, H. SanderS) Smyth, and T. Stokes, Esqrs, the following were nominated to fill the vacant Trusteeships :—" • Hamilton, W. H. Richards, and G. White. Esqrs. SAUNDERSFOOT.—One day last week an aC^0gj occurred at Saundersfoot. An elderly lady named fell from the top to the bottom of a flight of stairs. fell with her head down, and but for being rescued w her perilous position she would undoubtedly have be^ suffocated, she having broken her arm and been by the violence of the fall. On Monday week the Telegraph office was opened public for the transmision of messages: a great boon thus been secured to the public. Tenby is no singular by its isolation from the populous centres o empire. Whether the Electric Telegraph is a. oUr unmixed benefit or not may be doubted, and it JS N^LTUEC province to enquire, but one thing is certain. towns being in possession of the Telegraph absolutely necessary that a place like Tenby shouid one also. We have heard of persons who thoroughly to cast off the trammels and cares ol life during their seaside holidays have sought an out of reach of Telegraphs, letters, subscription think circulating libaries and German bands. But W<3 most ordinary people are willing to accept these inconveniences, bar the German bands, and as the great majority of the visitors to Tenby the Telef> may be looked upon as an additional convenience.
PEMBROKE.
PEMBROKE. d 3^^ MANORBIER. — On Friday evening Mr and their Greenish entertained the church choir to supper, ^ag residence, Glanjmor Villa. A most pleasant eveni spent. Several glees, songs, &c were sung, Mrs w presiding at the pianoforte.—On Thursday las the anniversary of his wedding day, Mr to Sea View House, treated the young men te8> a sumptuous dinner, and gave the school chu ^0 cake, &c. A shoot^pg match was also held u^g grflt sands, the prizes being given by Mr Piatt. jjr prize was won by Mc A. Piatt, and the secon John Grigg. PEMBROKE PETTY SESSIONS. BOROUGH SESSIONS. FOEFOR0 [Town Hall, Saturday, February 29tb, 1868, f yftfi P.Jones, Esq, mayor, Wm Hulm, &nd P j Hustler, Esqrs, and Doctors Mansel and Br> ^0agbt James Smith, a private in the 3/till eg., tjj6 up, in custody, charged by James Bak yi Public House, Market Street, Pembroke
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Do you find that the more decisions you make the worse you get at making them? Take for instance, the agonizing decision of what to put in the lunch boxes for each day of the week. Wouldn't you like to let a health-conscious lunch connoisseur neatly eliminate this decision from your day or week with these 7 lunch box ideas (one for each day of the week)?
If you've come to my blog, then I assume that eating healthy flavorful food is important to your happiness and well-being. I have collected 7 of my favorite, quick and easy vegan and gluten-free lunch box ideas. Some of them are great for dinner/super too, with leftovers for the lunch boxes that are as good as fresh made.
These summer rolls are packed with protein, carbohydrates, and fiber. Enjoy!
Pack some lime/lemon wedges and chili sauce along with it for some extra hot and zesty flavors.
You'll have a hard time containing your excitement as you dig these out from freezer, reheat, and make your own vegan "meatball" foot-long sandwich. Surprisingly good!
Can you think of any better sandwiches, healthier, and easier than this? Absolutely tasty!
Bring the roasted crunchy chickpeas in a separate container and add them to the salad bowl right before you are ready to enjoy your lunch! It's even better than freshly made.
Turn the leftover brown rice into a healthy and intensely flavored meal. It's a win-win!
No longer envy your Asian co-workers' lunch box! You can make your own easily!
This entry was posted in Gluten Free, Vegetarian/Vegan and tagged lunch box, round up recipes.


text:
Football Association unhappy after England fans are forced to return tickets for Wales game
The Football Association has accused the Wales FA of having "let down" England fans after it was forced to refund 951 tickets that were sold for the Euro 2012 qualifier in Cardiff on March 26.
By Jeremy Wilson 02 March 2011 • 21:43 pm
Venue mix-up: almost 1,000 England fans have had to return their tickets for the Euro 2012 qualifier at the Millennium Stadium Credit: Photo: PA
The tickets were part of an additional allocation of 1,500 for the match at the Millennium Stadium that were issued last month and sold out within four hours.
It has been discovered that the majority of these tickets were released because of an administrative error and should not have been sold.
The mistake has caused deep irritation at the English FA and it has distributed a strongly worded letter to fans.
"The FA shares the disappointment fans will feel at being let down for this crucial match," the letter said.
The FA is understood to have made extensive efforts to try to resolve the situation, but has now written to the supporters concerned, confirming that refunds will be made, both for the tickets and any delivery charge incurred.
The Welsh FA expressed its regret. "The reason for this reduction is that the total tickets that the Football Association of Wales understood could be made available for sale was incorrect.
"On behalf of the Football Association of Wales, I would like to apologise unreservedly for the disappointment this will cause."
The FAW has admitted the problem is not exclusive to England fans and a number of Wales supporters will also have their tickets refunded.
The Wales FA has confirmed that the initial 7,500 tickets that were sold through the England fans' loyalty scheme will be honoured.
With the additional 549 tickets that have remained sold, the overall number is still above the 10 per cent quota laid down by Uefa as a minimum requirement for away fans.
Mark Perryman, the convener of the London England fans' group, said that there had been huge demand among England fans for the match.
"It's very unfortunate because this is a game there is huge demand for," he said. "The usual allocation for away games is 10 per cent and, considering the size of the Millennium Stadium, it does still mean that there will be a big away following.
"It is a derby and, given the usual travelling for international matches, it will feel like having an away game at home."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For their debut collection of custom architectural hardware, Peter Pennoyer Architects has partnered with Lowe Hardware, a Maine-based company known for its beautifully crafted marine hardware.
The collection features the signature timeless elegance found in Peter Pennoyer Architects' projects around the world and carries the distinguished quality and artistry of all Lowe Hardware in three distinct lines—the Country Suite, City Suite, and Cubist Suite. Each line is available in a variety of finishes and includes options for customization.
Please click here for more information, or on the below images to explore each suite.


text:
Home › Reviews ›
Review: Microsoft Lumia 650 for Cricket Wireless
Hardware Software Wrap-Up Comments 2
Jun 3, 2016, 11:00 AM by Eric M. Zeman @zeman_e
Microsoft's mid-range Lumia 650 is a more attractive option than Microsoft's other handsets and is quite affordable. This Windows 10 Mobile smartphone should appeal to budget-minded shoppers who prefer prepaid services and are already invested in the Windows platform.
Is It Your Type?
The Lumia 650 from Microsoft is an inexpensive option for Windows Mobile fans who prefer prepaid service to pricier postpaid service. The phone slots in nicely between the entry-level Lumia 550 and flagship Lumia 950 in terms of performance and affordability. If you've bought into the Windows 10 platform, the 650 might be worth a look.
The Lumia 650 is perhaps the best-looking handset in Microsoft's current lineup. Where the 550 and 950 are somewhat plain in their styling, the 650 adopts a chrome frame that classes it up a bit. It's still conservative, but at least it's not a monochromatic block of boringness.
Microsoft made the 650 in black and white. Both versions have a metal band forming the side edges. The glass that forms the front surface is chamfered a bit, as is the metal band itself. The chamfers create shiny edges on the frame, and also make the phone more comfortable to hold. The frame itself is grayish. I'm know I'm geeking out a bit with respect to this metal frame, but it truly gives the 650 a bit of pop when compared to Microsoft's other offerings. That's appreciated since Microsoft banished Nokia's design language of bright colors.
The 650 is what I'd call average-sized for a modern smartphone. It's just a hair bigger than an iPhone 6s, for example, but much smaller than a 6s Plus, or Nexus 6P. This is mostly due to the 650's 5-inch screen. It's a great size for people with small hands or those who prefer compact designs. I was able to hold and use the phone without issue. It will fit into most pockets quite easily.
At 4.3 ounces, it is significantly lighter than both the 550 and 950. Believe it or not, the lack of heft actually hurts the Lumia 650. Though the front is made of glass and the sides of metal, the rear panel is polycarbonate. The shell feels flimsy and, worse, doesn't fit the phone firmly. Toss in the lack of weight, and the Lumia 650 comes dangerously close to feeling like a toy.
The 650's front surface is a dark place. A deep black bezel surrounds the slightly-less-black display. Microsoft's logo, painted under the glass, is hardly visible. The user-facing camera is pretty obvious, but the earpiece and microphone are hidden in barely-there slits carved into the glass. There are no physical buttons on the front.
Microsoft positioned the volume toggle and screen lock button on the right edge of the phone. The screen lock button is in the middle, making it easy to find and use without looking. Feedback is fine thanks to a nice clicking sound, but the button requires too much travel. This goes for the volume toggle, too, which requires real effort to push.
One thing I dislike about the 650's design is how Microsoft treated the headphone jack and USB port. Rather than allow the metal frame to completely encircle the phone, the frame is hacked into two pieces to make room for the plastic modules that contain the jack/port. The plastic housings are surely less expensive to manufacture, but they interrupt the phone's appearance in a negative way. The headset jack is on top, the micro USB port is on the bottom. There are no buttons or controls on the left edge of the phone.
Matte polycarbonate forms the rear surface of the phone. The very bright and reflective Windows and Cricket logos are etched into the plastic and offset the matte black nicely. A chrome rim highlights the camera, and the module itself juts out just a bit.
The phone's biggest problem is how the rear panel fits — or doesn't, in this case. It is easy enough to remove the panel thanks to a notch placed near the bottom edge. A series of clasps on the outer edge of the panel hold it in place. The issue is this: even when installed correctly, the panel itself can travel a few millimeters in and out. There's nothing dangerous about it; the panel simply isn't shaped flat enough to fit tightly. To be sure this issue wasn't unique to my review unit, I visited several Cricket Wireless stores and discovered the same phenomenon. In short, it cheapens the experience of using this phone big time.
I didn't have any trouble removing the battery. You have to remove the battery to change the SIM and memory cards.
Looks can be deceiving, I guess. I think the Lumia 650 is the best-looking of Microsoft's current trio of Windows 10 handsets, but a few build issues really dampen the everyday appeal.
The 650's display measures 5.0 inches across the diagonal and offers 720p HD resolution. I've found over the years that Windows works well on lower resolution screens, and that remains to be true with the 650. It may not be quad HD or even full HD, but the Lumia 650's OLED panel is sharp enough that most people won't notice individual pixels or hazy edges to icons/graphics. The screen produces plenty of brightness, allowing it to be visible outdoors under sunny skies. I had no trouble snapping pix in the afternoon. Viewing angles are excellent, as there's no color shift at all and only minimal brightness drop.
The Lumia 650 is sold by Cricket Wireless, which operates on AT&T's LTE network. I tested the phone in and around New York City and found it to perform on par with other Cricket/AT&T handsets. The phone was always able to make calls, even in poor coverage areas, and it never dropped or missed any calls while I tested it. Data speeds were generally good, although not the fastest I've seen. When surfing via LTE, web pages load quickly, but apps like Instagram and Facebook felt a bit slow to me. The Lumia 650 performed well enough for its class.
Voice calls are a mixed bag. The 650's earpiece produces plenty of volume, allowing you to hold conversations just about anywhere. For example, I easily heard callers' voices while in my car, in busy coffee shops, at home, and over the din of traffic-choked streets in Manhattan. Speaking of choked, that's how voices sound when they come through the earpiece. The tiny speaker strangles sound such that everyone I conversed with resembled a hoarse cat. People I spoke to through the 650 said I sounded small and far away.
The 650's speakerphone works in much the same way. It's quite loud — certainly loud enough to use at home, the office, or in a car — but the sound is scratchy and distorted. I could hear conversations in the car, but not necessarily follow them.
Ringers and alerts are sufficient in demanding your attention. The vibrate alert is too subtle and I sometimes missed calls with the phone left on vibrate.
The 650's battery is smaller than those in the 550 and 950. At 2,000 mAh, I found it just barely able to push from breakfast to bedtime. If I unplugged the phone at 7am, for example, it was often 100% dead by 10pm on days with normal usage. Days that I used the phone heavily saw it give up the ghost closer to the 12-hour mark.
Windows 10 includes some pretty powerful power-management tools that can help the Lumia 650 make better use of the battery. The dashboard offers a detailed look at what apps are using power and estimates how much time remains, and you can control when the battery saver software kicks in. Further, you can set exceptions that allow some apps to perform at full power even when the battery saver is on. Taking the time to tweak some of these behaviors can reap big dividends.
The 650 doesn't include rapid charging, nor wireless charging.
Bluetooth, GPS, NFC, WiFi
I didn't encounter any trouble with the Lumia 650's secondary radios. For example, the Bluetooth radio paired with and connected to headsets and speakers no problem. I thought calls routed to a headset were just okay; calls sent to my car's hands-free system were pretty poor. Music sounded decent, but not remarkable, when pushed to stereo headphones and speakers.
The GPS radio was flawless. The 650 pinpointed me in just a few seconds and was generally accurate to 25 feet. The Maps app itself loaded apps quickly enough for navigation and the 650 was able to keep my real-time location on point when driving.
I was able to put the 650's NFC radio to use when pairing with some accessories. The WiFi radio functioned without issue.
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Next page: Software
Hands On with the Microsoft Lumia 650
Microsoft announced the Lumia 650 ahead of Mobile World Congress and we had a chance to take a look at it on-site here in Barcelona. This mid-range Windows 10 handset is far more impressive than the entry-level Lumia 550, and almost outshines the high-end Lumias 950 and 950 XL.
Microsoft Wallet Gains Tap-to-Pay Functionality
Microsoft today updated its Microsoft Wallet app and gave Lumia smartphone owners the ability to make mobile payments at supporting retailers. Windows Mobile has long included a Wallet app, but until today it was reserved for loyalty cards and other retail programs.
Cricket to Sell Microsoft Lumia 650 Starting May 6
Cricket Wireless today announced plans to sell the Microsoft Lumia 650. The prepaid carrier will offer the phone beginning May 6 for $130.
Lumia 650 Fills the Middle of Microsoft's Windows 10 Range
Microsoft today announced the Lumia 650, a $199 Windows 10 handset that bridges the gap between the entry-level Lumia 550 and the pricer Lumia 950 / 950 XL. The Lumia 650 boasts an aluminum frame, slim profile, and high-quality glass.
Microsoft: Windows 10 Mobile Users Should Switch by End of Year
Microsoft will end support for its Windows 10 Mobile smartphone OS on December 10 2019, and is encouraging people still using Windows 10 Mobile phones to switch to Android or iOS phones. Microsoft is now focusing on those platforms and offers a suite of its own apps for both platforms.
5" display 720 x 1280 pixels
cellphonesaretools
Jun 4, 2016, 11:50 AM
All Apps list: Jump-to capability
I believe the author's complaint about the "endless apps list" is misleading. Windows Phone and Windows 10 Mobile have a "jump to" capability that allows one to tap on the the letter at top of list which brings up a matrix of all of the letters in the alphabet, and you tap on the letter of the first name of the app and it jumps to all apps with name beginning with that letter. It doesn't matter where you are in the app list, just tap the letter heading that part of the list and you instantly get the "jump to" alphabet matrix. Or, simply tap in the search bar and begin typing, just as one would in their Contacts list for example. It takes much longer to explain these methods in words than it does to actually do it.
Bottom line, Windows ...
bluecoyote
Jun 3, 2016, 2:16 PM
Just No
How actively terrible does a phone have to be to get the 'just don't buy this' rating? A 4 year old Android phone is a better buy than this. Even for Windows Mobile diehards, there's simply no good reason to use the platform anymore unless you like basic functionality other phones don't even struggle with being a dodgy proposition.


text:
Arctic ice loss driven by natural swings, not just mankind: study
Alister Doyle
OSLO (Reuters) - Natural swings in the Arctic climate have caused up to half the precipitous losses of sea ice around the North Pole in recent decades, with the rest driven by man-made global warming, scientists said on Monday.
FILE PHOTO: An undated NASA illustration shows Arctic sea ice at a record low wintertime maximum extent for the second straight year, according to scientists at the NASA-supported National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) and NASA. NASA/Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio/C. Starr/Handout via Reuters/File Photo
The study indicates that an ice-free Arctic Ocean, often feared to be just years away, in one of the starkest signs of man-made global warming, could be delayed if nature swings back to a cooler mode.
Natural variations in the Arctic climate "may be responsible for about 30–50 percent of the overall decline in September sea ice since 1979," the U.S.-based team of scientists wrote in the journal Nature Climate Change.
Sea ice has shrunk steadily and hit a record low in September 2012 — late summer in the Arctic — in satellite records dating back to 1979.
The ice is now around the smallest for mid-March, rivaling winter lows set in 2016 and 2015.
The study, separating man-made from natural influences in the Arctic atmospheric circulation, said that a decades-long natural warming of the Arctic climate might be tied to shifts as far away as the tropical Pacific Ocean.
"If this natural mode would stop or reverse in the near future, we would see a slow-down of the recent fast melting trend, or even a recovery of sea ice," said lead author Qinghua Ding, of the University of California, Santa Barbara.
But in the long term the build-up of man-made greenhouse gases would become an ever more overwhelming factor, he wrote in an e-mail.
"Looking ahead, it is still a matter of when, rather than if, the Arctic will become ice-free in summer," said Ed Hawkins, of the University of Reading, who was not involved in the study.
The melt of the Arctic is disrupting the livelihoods of indigenous peoples and damaging wildlife such as polar bears and seals while opening the region to more oil and gas and shipping.
Professor Andrew Shepherd, of Leeds University, who did not participate in the study, welcomed it as pinning down the relative shares of natural and man-made influences. "Nobody's done this attribution before," he said.
The findings could help narrow down huge uncertainties about when the ice will vanish.
In 2013, a U.N. panel of climate scientists merely said human influences had "very likely contributed" to the loss of Arctic ice, without estimating how much. It said that the ice could disappear by mid-century if emissions keep rising.
Reporting By Alister Doyle; Editing by Catherine Evans


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Q: Nginx not loading index.php I'm using nginx and php5-fpm in my ubuntu pc, my site is not loading in browser i have configured everything, but i'm getting 500 internal server error in browser console when i was run my index.php.
This is my code (etc/nginx/sites-available/default)
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

root /usr/share/nginx/html/Inwiter;
index index.php index.htm index.html;

# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name localhost;

location / {
    # First attempt to serve request as file, then
    # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php;
    #try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
    # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}

location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini

        # With php5-cgi alone:
        # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        # With php5-fpm:
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

}

A: Few days back i also faced this kind of issue (not exactly this issue) that time i was added allow accessToken in my configuration file then it was fine for me.
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;

A: As the log you provided, nginx still try to use fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000 as fastcgi_pass .
Did you restart nginx or reload configuration after modification ?
Besides, please check configuration file in /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/.
There must be a line with listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock.
I recommend you to remove ipv6only=on , and try following sample configuraion:
location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    try_files $uri =404;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
We often would like to remember things, and you will have your own personalized keepsake or generalized memento for that purpose. Souvenir tells a whole story or one unforgettable journey that you have made back in time..

*Objects that serve as memory keepers..*
*Objects that trigger nostalgia in you..*
*That imprint the geographic information of a place you have called at..*
*That carry the essence of local culture and carry the beauty of traditional crafts..*
*— Souvenir.*

*This time we want you to click those enchanted mementos and describe your thoughts about it. It can be a memorable photograph, can be something that you bought from there, or something that you just took with you for granted! (Or define your souvenir in your own way)*

## Submission phase
*Submission phase :3rd Sep - 19th Sep*

*Voting phase :20th Sep - 23rd  Sep*

*Results will be declared by the end of September*

 *Number of judges contacted :4
    *Number of judges submitted scores :4

* All scores are normalized (see [scoring system](https://github.com/photography2018/competition/blob/master/scoring.md))

## Top entries in Judges' choice category

|Position	|Entry Name|	Judge 1	| Judge 2	| Judge 3	|Judge 4| Total Score |
|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|
|1.a	| Heart and the Sky|	5|	4	|	5|3|17|
|1.b	|Souvenir of Passion|4|	4	|5	|4|17|
|2	|Red-eyed serpent|3	|5	|3	|5|16|
|3.a	|Treasure|	2	|5	|4	|4|11|
|3.b	|UNDOCILE|	3|	5|	3|4|	10|

'—' stands for not shortlisted by the respective judge
** entry invalidated because of conflict of interest

## Top entries in People's choice category

|Position	|Entry Name|	Average Vote|	Total Votes	|Total Score|
|--|--|--|--|--|
|1	|UNDOCILE|4.8	|16|76.8|
|2	|Souvenir of Passion|4.8|	12	|57.6|
|3	|THE HOMECOMING|	4.1|	13|	53.3|
|4	|Heart and the Sky|	3.9	|11	|42.9|

'—' stands for not shortlisted by the respective judge
** entry invalidated because of conflict of interest

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


View Poll Results: What is your verdict?
This is the capital of the province of South Kalimantan Indonesia, Banjarmasin, in Southeast Asia.
Sad to see new constructed HR is spread out all over the city..
But overall Banjarmasin is a nice city and quite progressive..
Yeah. nearly A L L the downtown area is essentially exausted out, so any new HRs must be built elsewhere.
5.5 good city; but badish public transport, too much focus on Skyscrapers and/or tourism and the government there forbids visitors from visiting a worker's house/ the bad side of Dubai.
Highcliff and Srdjan Adamovic, please rate above the first post as well.
Last edited by bozenBDJ; May 16th, 2013 at 11:02 AM.


text:
Q: Archive & unarchive directories in Perl on Windows 2003 There are two drives on Windows server A: ( mapped filesystem) G:(Local drive)
I want to take a back of a directory ( & subdirectories in it) say "backup" from G drive to A: drive using perl and archiving and then unarchiving and without disturbing the folder structure in the Backup folder.

A: I can lay out the basic idea with File::Find and Archive::Zip:
use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES :CONSTANTS );
use File::Find qw<find>;

my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
find sub { $zip->addFile( $File::Find::name ); } => $my_directory;
$zip->writeToFileNamed( $my_zip_file_name );

Extraction can be as simple as:
$zip->extractTree( $root_in_zipfile, $external_destination )

See


Auto transport was the hardest process in these days, however now it has been made simple because of the auto transport companies. This trade is so huge that now companies have been establishing their plants in developing international locations additionally, like India. Because the world is so crazy for Dubai and Abu Dhabi, all main automobile firms have their Middle East section centered in either of these cities! Thus, listening to music in automobiles without interruption is just one of its kinds to explain the influence of electronics in the automobile industry. Write Reviews – We encourage users to submit feedback, testimonials or critiques on companies and corporations in Dubai, UAE.
These elements have additionally helped so much in rising the number of totally different mannequin cars as well as new jobs on the automobile industry. Automobile business is without doubt one of the vital ones on the earth that provides employment to 25 million people throughout the globe. Tawazun has partnered with a hand-picked choice of world-class market leaders to construct expertise, expertise, merchandise and programs within the UAE. We have secured strategic partnerships with recognized educational institutes in the UAE and beyond to equip trainees with a greater normal of technical education. The companies are carried out on automobile bodies, paint, interior, glass, mechanical, and electrical components. Today, the auto has now remodeled from a luxury merchandise to everyday necessity.
List of the Top Best Automobile Companies in Dubai UAE – The Dubai automotive industry comprises idea to completion, because it encompasses the design, development, manufacture, advertising and sale of motor automobiles. The automotive trade produces vehicles and varied gasoline- powered vehicles like buses, vans, airplanes, motorcycles, and likewise electrical energy-powered automobiles resembling trains. Any rise or fall within the Automobile industry of the United States of America impacts the U.S economy very laborious because the latter is extremely dependent on the previous. Well designed functions software developed to handle uae automotive trade.
Automobile manufacturing sector consists of truck producers, motor vehicle physique manufacturers, motorcar components and supplies manufacturers. Each of our automotive brands has a unique character which suits prospects from every walk of the life and holds a distinct place within the BHA Company. The car trade straight influences the economies of the United States and other international locations world wide.
With new technology being developed and launched within the fields of in-automotive leisure, voice recognition software, and even driverless cars, the chances for automotive advances appear limitless. This is the primary time that Great Place to Work within the UAE has acknowledged an automotive company," said Maha Zaatari, managing director of Great Place to Work within the UAE. Today, it operates collectively over 40 corporations bearing the Al-Futtaim name, dominates many market segments within the UAE, and has expanded its sphere of operation to include Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Egypt. There are large numbers of electronic devices put in in vehicle manufacturing vegetation.


Vietnam needs to make a breakthrough this year in state divesting from enterprises, says Deputy Prime Minister Vuong Dinh Hue.
Hue said at Friday's cabinet meeting that divestment doesn't necessarily require a preservation of the state capital.
Even when the market price of the capital is lower than its book value, the state can still divest, as the longer it holds the capital, the less benefit it will receive, he said.
Hue also noted that weak state-owned enterprises (SOEs) that can be developed to privatize and divest should not be sold at an early stage as that could cause harm to the state.
All violations in the privatization and divestment process will be strictly punished. Leaders and authorities who delay and slow down the privatization and divestment process will be held accountable, he added.
The government plans to have only 150 wholly state-owned enterprises by 2020, from 526 in 2017, and 1,369 in 2011.
The speed of privatization and divestment has slowed recently years, the Deputy Prime Minister noted.
The country privatized only 32 SOEs last year, but its target was 85, a government report released at the meeting said.
The state divested its ownership in only 52 businesses last year, although its goal was 181. In 2017, the state divested only 17 out of 135 businesses.
The plans were not achieved because there were many large-scale businesses with complicated financial situations and a lot of property involved, the report said.
Some ministries, provinces, cities and businesses have not been determined in furthering the process, it added.
Last year, the state collected VND24.25 trillion ($1.04 billion) from initial public offerings and selling stakes to strategic partners. This was almost five times the figures in 2017.
The state also collected over VND16 trillion ($688 million) in divestment, 2.58 times that of the original value of its ownership in SOEs.


text:
Peter Karis / Biography
Artist Peter Karis is an expressionist, painting people, flowers, trees and objects as he interprets them, not as they seem to be.
Karis was born on March 29, 1942 in Jersey City, grew up in Northern New Jersey and at an early age knew art was his calling. He went to college in Ohio, attending Kent State University where in 1964 he received a BFA in painting. Practical concerns turned Karis to advertising where for over 30 years he guided Karis Advertising & Design in Cleveland, Ohio.
Karis's painting career was sparked when Canadian recording artist Ian Thomas selected a painting for his new record album entitled Levity. The result was a Juno Award, the Canadian equivalent of a Grammy, for the best album cover design of the year.
Karis works in acrylic and the subject matter is usually figurative but expressionistic, with maximum color, conveying emotion and power. The work tends to draw you into a memory of your own, more evocative than descriptive, "the viewer has to become a participant," Karis says.
Mary Bell of Mary Bell Galleries in Chicago, one of Karis's most successful outlets, says "every stroke counts, he pares the subject down to the most essential detail. His paintings elicit a very primal reaction. Viewers feel a strong connection and sometimes don't even know why." Mary Bell Galleries has sold work to both corporate and individual collectors and has hosted Karis one man shows since 1990.
Karis has won numerous awards for his work, which has been exhibited throughout the United States including the Nabisco Gallery, Cleveland Clinic, Cooperstown Art Museum, Butler Museum and Kent State University. Internationally in 1993 Karis was one of three American artists selected to exhibit at the Gallery Roseg outside of St. Moritz in Switzerland and in 2005 was nominated to participate in the Annual International Biennial of Contemporary Art, which was held in the historic Fortezza da Basso in Florence, Italy.
Sadly, Peter Karis passed away in January 2015. Prior to his death Peter successfully established Karis Art Gallery on Hilton Head Island where his work continues to be shown and sold in the gallery run by his wife Maggie.
Contact Maggie Karis by phone at 843-384-8804 or at Karis Art Gallery 843-785-5100.
2009 Hilton Head Oceanfront Resort, Hilton Head, SC
2008 Shell Hall Club, Bluffton, SC
2008 Grand Bohemian Gallery, Savannah, Georgia
2005 Fifth Annual Florence Biennale, Florence, Italy
2005 Calhoun Street Gallery, Bluffton, South Carolina
2004 Mary Bell Gallery, Chicago, Illinois
2001 Art Resource Gallery, Invitational Figurative Show, Minneapolis, MN
2000 Cooperstown 65th Natonal Exhibition, Cooperstown, New York
1999 Butler Institute of American Art, 63rd National Show, Youngstown, Ohio
1998 Cleveland Clinic Foundation Juried Show, Cleveland, Ohio
1998 M.C. Gallery, Minneapolis, Minnesota
1997 Cameo Art Gallery, Columbia, South Carolina
1994 Mansfield Art Center, Mansfield, Ohio
1993 Shoreby Club, Cleveland, Ohio
1993 Gallery Roseg, Pontresina, Switzerland
1993 Chelsea Gallery, Cleveland, Ohio
1992 Nabisco Brands Gallery, East Hanover, New Jersey
1992 Alex Gallery, Washington, D.C.
1991 Cooperstown Art Association, Cooperstown, New York
1991 Maryland Federation Show, Annapolis, Maryland
1991 Artreach Midwest Contemporary Series, Columbus, Ohio
1991 Chagrin Valley Art Center, Chagrin Falls, Ohio
1990 Butler Museum 52nd Annual, Youngstown, Ohio
1990 Warehouse Distric Show, Cleveland, Ohio
1989 10th Street Gallery, Cleveland, Ohio
1989 Dobama Gallery, Cleveland, Ohio
1989 Clary-Miner Gallery, Buffalo, New York
1989 Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
1988 Donna Rose Gallery, Sun Valley Idaho
1988 Tilgham Gallery, Boca Raton, Florida
1988 Paragon Gallery, Akron, Ohio
1988 Vox Gallery, Akron, Ohio
1988 Karamu House Gallery, Cleveland, Ohio
1968 45th Annual Akron Art Institute
1967 Canton Art Institute, Canton, Ohio
1995 "Virtuosity," Art Communication International, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1994 Group Show Award, Mansfield Art Center, Mansfield, Ohio
1992 Group Show Award, Art Affiliates, Nabisco Brands Gallery, East Hanover, New Jersey
1991 Merit Award, Cooperstown 56th Annual National Exhibition
1991 Jurors Award, Maryland Federation of Art National Show
1991 One Man Show Award, artreach Midewest Contemporary Artist Series, Columbus, Ohio
1989 Merit Award, Clary - Miner Gallery, Buffalo, New York
1988 Juno Award, Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences
1967 Merit Award, Canton Art Institute, Canton, Ohio


WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Twitter Inc (TWTR.N) deleted more than 10,000 automated accounts posting messages that discouraged people from voting in Tuesday's U.S. election and wrongly appeared to be from Democrats, after the party flagged the misleading tweets to the social media company.
"We took action on relevant accounts and activity on Twitter," a Twitter spokesman said in an email. The removals took place in late September and early October.
Twitter removed more than 10,000 accounts, according to three sources familiar with the Democrats' effort. The number is modest, considering that Twitter has previously deleted millions of accounts it determined were responsible for spreading misinformation in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
The DCCC launched the effort this year in response to the party's inability to respond to millions of accounts on Twitter and other social media platforms that spread negative and false information about Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton and other party candidates in 2016, three people familiar with the operation told Reuters.
The system was built in part from publicly available tools known as "Hoaxley" and "Botometer" developed by University of Indiana computer researchers. They allow a user to identify automated accounts, also known as bots, and analyse how they spread information on specific topics.
"We made Hoaxley and Botometer free for anyone to use because people deserve to know what's a bot and what's not," said Filippo Menczer, professor of informatics and computer science at the University of Indiana.
"We provide the DNC with reports about what we're seeing in terms of bot activity and where it's being amplified," said Ash Bhat, co-founder of RoBhat Labs.
"We can't tell you who's behind these different operations, Twitter hides that from us, but with the technology you known when and how it's happening," Bhat said.


I would like to think that I don't need other people's seal of approval before making my decisions. I would like to think that I can choose a product or service that will be perfect for me without hearing other people's opinions on the subject. But in all reality, it is a psychological fact that we all rely on other people's opinions to make our at least some of our choices, especially in choosing goods and services.
Let's apply this principle to selling online. Words are very powerful. When someone is marketing their own product or service, it is easy for them to "talk it up" or make it sounds like it's the greatest thing since sliced bread (which we can all agree is a pretty convenient product). It is often more important to consumers to find out what their peers or previous consumers think of a product- how did it work? How pleased are they? Did it solve the problem it promised to solve? Did it achieve its intended goal?
Combined Insurance Company of America founder, W. Clement Stone, very successfully sold life insurance, an intangible product, to his customers by using this simple technique: He sent his salesmen out to speak to potential customers with only a binder of over 200 testimonials from previous satisfied customers. Salesmen would flip through the binder, read a few testimonials, and attempt to close the sale. If a customer was not sold, the salesman would flip through a few more testimonials, and attempt to close the sale once more. The rate at which customers signed up for his insurance was astounding! Usually before 25 testimonials, a sale was made.
Here is another example. A software developer created software and during its test phase, he gave it away to his target audience for free in exchange for their feedback. He received dozens of responses to his new program. Before he had content for his website, and while the website was under construction, he simply posted the feedback responses and testimonials. The only other information he gave was his email address, so prospective customers could contact him for more information. Needless to say, his tactic was proven to be quite successful, receiving hundreds of pre-orders!
In the internet world, where online marketing techniques are highly questionable, consumers often refer to forums, blogs, reviews and networking sites to find out whether a product or service is worth spending money on. It is always interesting to me that websites insert testimonials as an afterthought or an additional "content filler" if you will. But placed strategically, a testimonial within web copy or as a headline can help sell a product or service faster than a marketer selling his own product.
Now how can you get consumers to write a testimonial? This is actually pretty simple. Send clients or customers a brief request with a few short questions and ask them to complete this at their earliest convenience. These should be specific and quantifiable, such as "I received 5X more traffic after using this software," or "I lost 10 pounds after using this product", etc. If you cannot coax your customers to respond, then consider giving your product or services away for free in exchange for feedback. Never underestimate the power of social proof, acceptance and satisfaction.


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Gender perceptions on eating disorders slow to change
January 14, 2013 January 14, 2013 aramIS articles
The National Eating Disorder Information Centre recently launched a poster and pamphlet campaign to raise awareness about
men with eating disorders.
Photo credit: Robert Popkin
Consider these two words: eating disorder. What image springs to mind? A father of three who works in the oil industry? A
male lawyer? A young man with muscular shoulders on a college wrestling team?
Chances are, these were not the people you first associated with an eating disorder. Most likely, you thought of a very
different type of person.
"A young adolescent girl from a relatively privileged background," says Leigh Cohn, author of Making Weight: Men's Conflicts with Food, Weight, Shape Appearance. "That was the image because that was the type of person showing up for treatment. All the emphasis was on women."
For many years, it was thought that men accounted for only about 10% of cases of eating disorders such as anorexia
nervosa and bulimia. But this estimate, based on people in treatment, is now believed to be way off the mark. A growing body
of research suggests as many as 25% of people with these conditions are male, and for binge eating, that increases to about
Though a decade's worth of research indicates eating disorders in men are a bigger problem than imagined, the public perception
that these are "female diseases" lingers. This certainly isn't helping to get more men to recognize they have a problem and
need treatment, experts suggest — especially considering the stigma already associated with eating disorders and the fact
that men are less likely to seek medical treatment in general.
"Raising awareness is probably the most important thing. We have to lower the bar a little bit about being concerned when
men lose a lot of weight," says Dr. Blake Woodside, medical director of the eating disorders program at the Toronto General
Hospital in Ontario and a professor in the psychiatry department at the University of Toronto.
"Parents don't think about this for skinny teenage boys. Boys grow tall quickly and are expected to be skinny for a while,"
adds Woodside, whose research indicates men and women who do seek treatment for eating disorders are similar in clinical
presentation (Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:570-4).
One difference between genders, however, is that men with eating disorders seem to be more likely to also have other mental
health issues, such as anxiety, depression and obsessive–compulsive disorder. A study of male twins in Finland, for instance,
concluded that anorexia nervosa "in males in the community is more common, transient and accompanied by more substantial
comorbidity than previously thought" (PLoS ONE 2009;4:e4402).
"I was surprised by how many problems they had," says lead author Dr. Anu Raevuori, a postdoctoral research fellow in the
department of public health at the University of Helsinki in Finland. "They had a pretty rough life."
It was also quite apparent that the stigma of having a disorder typically associated with females made men reluctant
to talk about it. "When I interviewed twin males with eating disorders, many of them hadn't even told their co-twin," says
Raevuori. "I was the first person they were telling."
The reasons men and women develop eating disorders are similar. It can be about projecting emotional issues onto
the body, having a sense of control over food or poor body image. In recent years, the male body has become objectified in
popular media just as much as female bodies, says Dr. Ted Weltzin, medical director of eating disorders services at Rogers
Memorial Hospital in Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. As a result, the diet and exercise industry have begun targeting men, offering
special fitness and nutrition regimes with promises to make them lean and muscular.
"These things introduced men to dieting in a way that was never seen before," says Weltzin. "It opened up this big diet
and weight-loss market for men."
This appears to be an even bigger problem among homosexual men. They live in a community where there is tremendous
pressure to look fit, according to David Brennan, assistant professor in the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work at the
University of Toronto. In a study of participants in Pride Toronto 2008, Brennan found that men who have sex with men report
high levels of body dissatisfaction and are at higher risk for eating disorders (Int J Mens Health 2011;10:253-68).
"There is a strong focus in the culture on the body and body image," says Brennan. "It is heavily influenced by media,
by imagery in gay clubs, gay bars and pornography. It does impact how people feel about their bodies."
Though there is no malicious intent behind the lack of attention given to males with eating disorders, it is high time
that the problem be corrected, according to Merryl Bear, director of the National Eating Disorder Information Centre, a nonprofit
organization based in Toronto. "It's been a longstanding gap in the areas of understanding early intervention and treatment
in eating disorders," she says. "Men have been neglected in that area."
To redress that, her organization recently launched a poster and pamphlet campaign (www.nedic.ca/store/poster_psa5.shtml). Eating disorders can be devastating, Bear says, not only to the body but also the mind. "Malnutrition impacts everything.
We are losing some of our brightest minds and most compassionate people."
Cognitive behavioral therapy can relieve childhood anxiety
Mental Health Expert: Ignoring a Child's Anxiety Problems is the Worst Thing a …


A simple yummy starter or a complimentary item to your soup course. You don't always have to serve garlic bread with soup- mix it up a little with this classic Spanish favourite. I remember having insane amounts of tomato bread when I visited Barcelona. It is so simple and yet so delicious. I am not even a fan of eating raw tomatoes and yet, I absolutely love munching on these.


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Trends in Medicine
A global perspective on medical advancements
HMS Global Academy
Two Promising New Diabetes Drugs
Reducing cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes: exciting new drug therapy on the horizon.
By Ajay K. Singh, MBBS, FRCP, MBA
Diabetes mellitus is in epidemic proportions in many parts of the world. Its most consequential and debilitating complications are cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Newer agents are now emerging and have the potential to transform the management of diabetes.
In the past six months alone, two exciting studies on reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.1, 2
These studies are focused on pharmaceutical agents that target the incretin system. Incretins are hormones released by enteroendocrine cells into the blood within minutes after eating. The two hormones are glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GIP is synthesized and released by enterocytes in the duodenum, whereas GLP-1 is released by enterocytes throughout the small bowel and ascending colon. Both of these hormones have pleitrophic effects on islets cells; chief among these is to stimulate insulin secretion by beta cells in the pancreas. Both hormones also have extra-pancreatic effects, including on bone, the cardiovascular system, GI tract and the liver, the central and peripheral nervous system, muscle, and adipose tissue.
In the first study1, the LEADER trial, published online July 2016 in the New England Journal of Medicine, Steven Marso and colleagues examined liraglutide's long-term role in providing cardiovascular protection. Liraglutide is an analogue of human glucagon- like peptide 1 (GLP-1) that lowers blood glucose, and to a lesser degree leads to weight loss and lowering in blood pressure. In LEADER, the study population was patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. The trial showed a lower rate of cardiovascular events and lower mortality in patients treated with liraglutide compared to placebo. The drug appeared to be well tolerated except for a higher rate of GI side effects in the liraglutide-treated patients.
In the second and more recent study2, the SUSTAIN-6 study, also published online September 2016 in the New England Journal of Medicine, Marso et al examined the cardiovascular effects of semaglutide, a long-acting GLP-1 analogue. Semaglutide has not been approved as yet. Like the LEADER trial, this study also showed a cardiovascular benefit for semaglutide. In addition, the rates of new or worsening nephropathy were lower in the semaglutide arm; however, the rates of retinopathy complications (vitreous hemorrhage, blindness, or conditions requiring treatment with an intravitreal agent or photocoagulation) were significantly higher in the semaglutide-treated patients.
While the editorial by NEJM Deputy Editor Dr. Julie Ingelfinger is appropriately cautious about concluding that these studies represent, in her words "a home-run," they are certainly very promising.
While it may be premature to sip the champagne, getting the bottle ready to open seems reasonable. Finally, we may have strategies to reduce the curse of cardiovascular complications among patients with diabetes mellitus.
Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, Kristensen P, Mann JF, Nauck MA, Nissen SE, Pocock S, Poulter NR, Ravn LS, Steinberg WM, Stockner M, Zinman B, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB; LEADER Steering Committee.; LEADER Trial Investigators.Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 28;375(4):311-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603827. http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1603827
Marso SP, Bain SC, Consoli A, Eliaschewitz FG, Jódar E, Leiter LA, Lingvay I, Rosenstock J, Seufert J, Warren ML, Woo V, Hansen O, Holst AG, Pettersson J, Vilsbøll T; SUSTAIN-6 Investigators. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016 Sep 15. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1607141
Kim W, Egan JM. The Role of Incretins in Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Treatment. Pharmacological reviews. 2008;60(4):470-512. doi:10.1124/pr.108.000604. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2696340/
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/34/Supplement_2/S279
Dr. Ajay K. Singh is the Senior Associate Dean for Global and Continuing Education and Director, Master in Medical Sciences in Clinical Investigation (MMSCI) Program at Harvard Medical School. He is also Director, Continuing Medical Education, Department of Medicine and Renal Division at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.
Posted on December 7, 2016 May 4, 2018 by The HMS CME Online TeamPosted in InnovationsTagged A. Singh, cardiovascular, diabetes, drug therapy, nephrology, primary care.
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Jimmy's Frozen Custard and Pasties celebrated its 17th free cone day in Port Huron on Monday. The custard shop attracted many people.
The cool April day didn't stop 7-year-old Ashanti Bonner from getting frozen custard Monday afternoon.
Wrapped in a coat, she sat with some of her family at the outdoor tables of Jimmy's Frozen Custard and Pasties on 24 Street. Her favorite flavor is either strawberry or chocolate, she said. In the end, she decided on a chocolate and vanilla swirl.
On Monday, Jimmy's Frozen Custard and Pasties celebrated its 17th free cone day in its 18 years in business.
Gilbert Bowers came down with his grandkids, Andrew Convis, 8, and Daemon Cardinal, 3. Bowers said he often watches his grandkids when their parents are at work, and the free cone day was a fun way to spend time with his family.
"I just love spending time with my grandkids," Bowers said. "I think I'd be bored if I didn't have them around."
Port Huron High School student Shawn Kettlewell, 16, came down with his girlfriend. He said frozen custard is one of the few things they agree on.
"It creates a good bond with me and my girlfriend," Shawn said.
Local couple Shane Black, 19, and Kayley Ternan, 19, sat nearby. The two met while rehearsing for "Green Day's American Idiot" musical at SC4. Black said he has stopped by free cone day for the past five or so years.
"It's just a really nice atmosphere, sitting out there you get to meet new people," he said.
The iconic Port Huron frozen custard shop has a new look. The store received renovations during the off season, which owner Jimmy Schudlich was proud to show off.
"Now everything is coordinated," he said about the aesthetic of the sign and store. "We have a very professional look."
Pasties have been an increasing large part of Schudlich's business, which lead to them being added to the business's name and sign.
Schudlich said he started the free cone day as a way to familiarize Port Huron with his product.
"A lot of people in Port Huron had no idea what frozen custard was," Schudlich said, adding that a lot of people thought it was the custard found in a doughnut. "It's become a tradition for a lot of families."
The store itself got new siding, insulation and a stone trim around the front of the building. Schudlich has also added a new trailer aspect to his business, allowing him to cater events.
Anyone looking for more information about Jimmy's Frozen Custard can call Jimmy's Frozen Custard and Pasties at (810) 987-3900 or visit them on Facebook at facebook.com/jimmysfrozencustard.


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The machine that unleashes our creativity
Could an algorithm write music to rival Bach? The performance "Gödel Escher Bach" at the Barbican Performing Arts Centre in London. | Photo (detail): © privat
British mathematician Marcus du Sautoy is convinced that artificial intelligence (AI) can be as creative as humans and might even attain a state of consciousness in future: a discussion on the current creative limitations of AI, its ability to surprise us, and how AI changes the way our species is looking at its own creativity.
By Harald Willenbrock
Marcus du Sautoy, a general question to start with: What is creativity – and who is creative?
Creativity is a word that is hard to pin down, just like consciousness, which is interesting as the two are closely linked. My hypothesis is that as a species, our creativity emerged about the same time as our consciousness because, as psychologist Carl Rogers put it, creativity became our tool for exploring this strange inner world. With regards to creativity, I quite like cognitive scientist Margaret Boden's definition as something that is a) new b) surprising and c) has value. Creativity means novelty, because if you create something, it has not been there before. But novelty alone is not enough, it also needs to move us and to make us look at things in a new way. And value is an important factor because you don't want your creation to just be surprising, but also to resonate and change things.
As you say that creativity and consciousness emerged together – when and how did that happen?
The human species started making tools for hunting or cutting things around 200,000 years ago, but I wouldn't call that creative. Creativity began when we began making things that did not necessarily have utility. The first paintings appeared around 40,000 years ago. I guess that was quite a crucial moment when a voice probably appeared in our heads and started asking questions. When you're wasting time and the tribe allows a tribe member to spend days modelling a figure out of a bone – then you are starting to see creativity and it has to do with our consciousness.
But the first person who took a stick or stone to kill a mammoth instead of wrestling it down was creative as well, right? The method was new, had value and was surprising – at least for the mammoth.
No, I think it lacks surprise and it's certainly lower in involving you emotionally. But this is a very interesting point for me as a mathematician because I am constantly wrestling with the distinction between two words: creation and discovery. We mathematicians often talk about the creativity of our subject, and there's definitely creativity involved. But once you create something, people say it has always been there waiting to be discovered. But you have to keep in mind that discovering something requires the act of imagining that there is something to be discovered and brought to life.
Which is a good segue to AI: In 2019, you published a book called "The Creativity Code: How AI is Learning to Write, Paint and Think". What fascinated you so much about AI and its link to creativity that you wrote an entire book about it?
Mathematics is traditionally regarded as something a computer might be able to do. So when IBM's Deep Blue chess computer beat chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov in 1996, it was an existential crisis moment for us. As a logical sport, chess was seen as something quite like mathematics. But mathematics involves a lot more intuition, pattern-searching and somehow unarticulated moves, so we always assessed the game of Go as something much closer to mathematics than chess. Then when I saw machines playing Go at an incredibly high level, I realized that this was a phase-change moment that would have an impact on me in my own creative world. That was the spark. My book is very much the result of a personal exploration.
You are referring to the March 2016 match between the AlphaGo AI program and Lee Sedol, then the best human Go-player in the world, where the machine made a rather unexpected move. Would you call that move a sign of creativity?
It was not big news that a computer beat a human being at the game – we have become quite used to computers that can do things better than us. They do mathematical calculations faster than we do, they are more successful than us at chess, and at some point they will drive a car safer than we can. The shocking thing was a specific move in game two, since it so clearly passed the three tests that I set for creativity. Firstly and secondly, it was new and it surprised the judges. There are YouTube videos showing this wonderful moment when all the commentators literally said "Oh, that's a surprising move." None could understand why AlphaGo made this incredibly weak move that early in the game. And ultimately, AlphaGo even showed how you could use the move to create value, meaning to win the game. Which it did.
What were we actually seeing in that moment: the creativity of the code – or that of the coder?
Well, if you'd seen that line of code as a human Go player, you would definitely have deleted it, saying "Oh, that's not a good strategy." That's the crucial point. All the learning processes AlphaGo went through made it put in a line of code that no human ever would have added.
When AI beats human intellect: Scene during the match between chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov and IBM's Deep Blue chess computer. | Photo (detail): © picture alliance/dpa/Stan_Honda We humans regard ourselves as the only creative species on this planet – what does it mean for us to possibly have a serious competitor?
With regards to our self-awareness, it's a slightly Copernican moment. For centuries science has been shifting us away from the centre and away from the top, and our last bastion is consciousness. There might come a day when something is more aware and conscious than we are. But today I see AI more as a tool we can use to explore our own consciousness. If you keep in mind how routinely we often think and behave, machines might ultimately help us as humans to behave less like machines.
What can AI do what we're not able to – and how can this move us forward?
You have to keep in mind that an AI engages with a dataset on a scale that we can't. It can, for example, read all of Victorian literature in one afternoon, while I can barely read a few of those novels in a year. And I suspect that there are books that haven't been read for a hundred years but deserve to be read so we might understand things from our past better. AI brings scale into the game, and that's a big difference. It is a bit like the telescope given to Galileo: It allows us to see deeper and further than our human embodiment can allow.
Apart from these opportunities, do you see AI as a threat as well?
There is, of course, the idea that this might be the time of our last creative acts, as these algorithms might wipe us out one day. But that's just a good Hollywood narrative in my view. And certainly, jobs will go, such as those creating music for corporate videos or programming simple computer games. AI can do the work very quickly. So it will pose a threat for some creative industries. But for now I see AI as more of a tool that we shouldn't give too much identity yet. There are certainly areas where AI is successful and others where it's not doing terribly well.
In the visual world, we've seen breakthroughs in AI recognizing things in an image and therefore also being able to create very interesting visual images. But at this point, AI still has problems in any area with a temporal element. You can listen to an AI jazz improviser for 30 to 60 seconds, but it gets really boring beyond that because it doesn't know where it is going. it is the same with the written word: AI does well for around 350 words, but sort of loses the plot after that. One of the shortfalls is that when we show AI how to write a book, we only show it the written word. If we teach it music, we show it music. But when we humans create, we have a huge dataset we can tap into, comprising visual, oral and written data.
Can you give an example of that difference between human and AI creativity?
I did an exercise at the Barbican Performing Arts Centre in London about Bach, where we got an AI to learn from all of Bach's keyboard works except his English Suites. We then took parts out of the English suites, instructed the AI to fill in the gaps, then asked the audience if it could see the moments when it went from Bach to AI and back again. While it was quite hard for the audience to detect, the harpsichord player said he could say exactly when it switched to AI. First of all, he said, the AI parts were too hard to play. The AI was unembodied, whereas Bach had written things that were nice for his fingers. Secondly, he explained, it was called the English Suites, because Bach loved the cadences of the English language when spoken and tried to capture them for the keyboard. So Bach had an extra dataset: the English language. Here we see one of AI's limitations: It relies on very narrow datasets. That also explains why it falls down with languages and something called Winograd challenges – sentences often used in Turing tests to sniff out who's the AI and who's the human. Here's an example: "The government banned the protesters from marching because they feared violence." We humans know instinctively that the "they" refers to the government, and we know that from a huge historical context, whereas the AI has no idea at all.
With AI evolving so quickly, isn't it just a question of time until it catches up?
We have to remember that the human brain has gone through millions of years of evolution. Can we fast-track that with our knowledge of how the brain works? Well, even though we know about neurons and synapses and the actual architecture of the brain, it still may not be enough to fast-track consciousness. AI might need to go through the many iterations we had to go through, although at a higher speed. But that still might take decades.
When writing your book on AI's creativity, you had an AI helping you. How satisfying were the results?
I asked the AI to tell one of the stories I wanted to tell in the book – a story where I knew there was a lot of data available on the internet. It came up with something that was slightly bizarre, but pretty coherent, so I included it in the book. But I was a bit disappointed as I could quite easily identify the sources from where it had derived the thing it had created. Anyway, I didn't tell anybody where the passage was – my editor still doesn't know which one it is. Of course I find that deeply depressing. What does it say about me as an author? (laughing)
Did you then pass some of your royalties on to the AI? Or who do you think should get the credit and royalties if AI creates something – the coder, the company that assigned the coder to create the program, or the code itself?
Do you credit the parents of Picasso for his paintings? Or the painters whose work he studied? Not really. But the dataset that a code learns on is extremely important, so whoever has contributed to that dataset is definitely part of its creations. I think AI's involvement in creative processes will push us away from this obsession with the idea that we have a single creative genius behind everything. I like Brian Eno's idea of a "scenius" rather than genius and that we have to credit many more people in the creative act than just the one.
If we met again 10 years from now, what will have changed in AI by then?
One of the exciting things about AI is the bespoke experience that it'll allow us to have. Knowing your scientific background and what you've read, AI might understand you well enough to co-write a book that is bespoke for you. I think that's certainly a possibility for 2030.
And if we look ahead to mid-century?
Well, we seem to have created something that could become conscious. Consciousness is nothing magical, it really comes down to a mix of math, physics, chemistry and biology that produces something which has an awareness of itself. I think we might ultimately be able to create this mix in a machine. And then the creativity of the machine is going to be the key element helping us to understand when that has happened. It won't be gradual, it will be a flip, quite like water going from liquid to steam.
Harald Willenbrock is co-founder of the magazines brand eins and WALDEN and a contributing author for NZZ-Folio, GEO and others.
Copyright: Text: Goethe-Institut, Harald Willenbrock. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – Share Alike 3.0 Germany license.
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