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The Chimera Quandary: Is It Ethical To Create Hybrid Embryos? : Shots - Health News The National Institutes of Health proposed lifting its moratorium on funding for research on part-animal, part-human embryos — which raises a huge dilemma, says bioethicist Insoo Hyun.
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The Chimera Quandary: Is It Ethical To Create Hybrid Embryos?
The Chimera Quandary: Is It Ethical To Create Hybrid Embryos? 5:31
NPR Staff
In this file photo, a professor holds a tray of stem cells at the University of Connecticut. The NIH plans to lift a moratorium on funding studies using human stem cells in animal embryos. Spencer Platt/Getty Images hide caption
Spencer Platt/Getty Images
In this file photo, a professor holds a tray of stem cells at the University of Connecticut. The NIH plans to lift a moratorium on funding studies using human stem cells in animal embryos.
In Greek mythology, the Chimera is a monster that is part lion, part goat and part snake. Far from reality, sure, but the idea of mixing and matching creatures is real — and has ethicists concerned.
That's because last week, the National Institutes of Health proposed a new policy to allow funding for scientists who are creating chimeras — the non-mythological kind. In genetics, chimeras are organisms formed when human stem cells are combined with tissues of other animals, with the potential for creating human-animal hybrids.
NIH Plans To Lift Ban On Research Funds For Part-Human, Part-Animal Embryos
Since September, the NIH has had a moratorium on funding these types of studies in order to consider the ethical implications of creating animals that could possibly have human organs. On the other hand, advocates say research could help scientists better understand human diseases and find new ways to treat illnesses.
To better understand all of the ethical issues at hand, All Things Considered host Ray Suarez spoke with Insoo Hyun, a professor of bioethics and philosophy at Case Western Reserve University.
On reasons why ethicists are concerned about this type of research
One very large area of concern is animal welfare. We don't know exactly what effect, in terms of animal suffering, these experiments will result in. That's one.
There's also great concern about the level of human-animal mixing that might result in animals that are not 100-percent animal and not 100-percent human. We may be flirting with an area of human dignity that we just do not want to cross, even if the scientific value of the work may be quite high.
I am a general supporter of this kind of research under certain conditions. Which is, that it has to be scientifically meritorious and that there must be no other way to do the experiment but with this particular approach. So I really take it on a case-by-case basis — understanding that people are very concerned, and legitimately so.
On discoveries so far
In Search For Cures, Scientists Create Embryos That Are Both Animal And Human
Should Human Stem Cells Be Used To Make Partly Human Chimeras?
One experiment that happened recently was when researchers put human glial cells, which are a type of human brain cell, into mice. They found that the mice were able to solve maze tests twice as fast as normal mice and had memory tests that were twice as fast.
So that's an area that in recent years has drawn some attention, and could be sort of a harbinger for the kinds of concerns people have as you go outside of rodent and go to more complex, more human-like animals.
On the idea of creating something that does not exist in nature
I think that is the root of many people's concerns. There's this idea of creating something completely new and, in some people's view, completely unpredictable. I will say though that this [is] research that has to be monitored very closely institutionally by oversight committees. They'll never allow a chimeric animal to roam the Earth and leave the laboratory.
But overall, I think the theme is the same. When you have a new ability technologically, it raises lots of new uncertainties of what to do with this ability.
On similarities between this and the abortion debate
It is part of the continuum of debates. I think we have a continuum of beliefs and principles and ideas of what it means to be a human — not everybody agrees. But this is definitely butting up against that continuum, because we are talking about embryo research and human cells.
On how review boards determine what crosses the line
Review boards do have a track record and a history of overseeing both 100 percent human embryo research and also animal research. So they'll have to find some chimeric approach, if you will, to this area. And so I think this is a work in progress.
Correction Aug. 10, 2016
In an earlier Web version of this story, our guest incorrectly said the National Institutes of Health is now allowing the transfer of human stem cells into nonhuman embryos. In fact, the NIH has simply proposed a policy that would allow funding for such research.


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Det norska korståget var ett korståg som varade från 1107 till 1110, i kölvattnet av det första korståget, lett av den norske kungen Sigurd Jorsalafarare. Sigurd var den förste europeiske kung som drog på korståg till Heliga landet. Inte ett enda slag förlorades under korståget. Det norska korståget påminner mycket om tidigare vikingatåg, men målet, sett med kristna ögon, var mycket ädlare denna gång..

Resan till Jerusalem

Från Norge till England (1107–1108)
Sigurd och hans män seglade från Norge hösten 1107 med sextio skepp och en här på uppskattningsvis 5 000 män. Samma höst nådde de England där Henrik I var kung. Korsfararna övervintrade i England och våren 1108 satte de åter segel åt sydväst.

Iberiska halvön (1108–1109)

Efter flera månader anlöptes staden Santiago de Compostela i Galicien där en lokal härskare lät dem stanna över vintern. Då vintern kom blev det brist på mat, vilket medförde att härskaren vägrade att sälja mat och andra varor till norrmännen. Då samlade Sigurd Jorsalafarare sina män, angrep härskarens slott och plundrade det de kunde.

Under resan stötte norrmännen på en stor piratflotta bestående av galärer som letade efter fredliga handelsskepp att överfalla. Sigurd satte kurs rätt mot piratflottan och stormade deras skepp. Inom kort hade alla piraterna antingen dödats eller flytt, och Sigurd tog åtta skepp från dem.

Efter sammanstötningen med piratflottan, anlöpte norrmännen ett slott i muslimska Al-Andalus kallat Castelo dos Mouros (dagens Sintra i Portugal). De intog slottet och dödade alla som inte lät sig döpas. Färden gick vidare till Lissabon, en "halvt kristen och halvt hednisk" stad, som låg på gränsen mellan det kristna och det muslimska Spanien. Här vann norrmännen sin tredje seger och fick med sig stora skatter.

Det fjärde slaget stod i staden Alkasse (antagligen en referens till Al Qasr). Här dödade norrmännen så många att det sades att staden lämnades tom. Även här rövade de stora skatter.

På Balearerna (1109)
Efter att ha segrat mot ytterligare en piratflotta medan de seglade genom Gibraltar sund (Norfasund), seglade norrmännen vidare längs saracenernas land (Särkland), in i Medelhavet (Griklands hafi) och anlände till Balearerna. Vid denna tidpunkt såg den kristna världen Balearerna som en frihamn för pirater och ett slavcentrum. De norska anfallen är också de första dokumenterade anfallen mot de muslimska Balearerna.

Det första stället norrmännen ankom till var Formentera, där de stötte på en stor grupp blåmän och särker (saracener) som höll till i en håla. Slagets förlopp är det bäst dokumenterade i hela korståget och slaget är möjligtvis den enskilt största historiska händelsen i den lilla öns historia. Efter slaget ska norrmännen ha tagit med sig de värdefullaste skatter de någonsin hade rövat. Därefter angrep norrmännen Ibiza och Menorca med lyckat resultat på båda platserna. Det verkar som att norrmännen undvek att angripa den största baleariska ön Mallorca. Mallorca var år 1109 ett rikt och välbefäst centrum i taifa-kungadömet. Historier om korsfararnas succé kan ha inspirerat katalanernas och republiken Pisas erövring av Balearerna under åren mellan 1113 och 1115.

På Sicilien (1109–1110)
Våren 1109 anlöpte flottan Sicilien (Sikileyjar) där de önskades välkomna av den regerande greven Roger II, som var i tonåren.

I Palestina (1110)
Sommaren 1110 nådde korsfararna äntligen hamnen i Akko (Akrsborg) (eller Jaffa) och tog sig inåt land till Jerusalem (Jorsala), där de mötte den regerande kungen Balduin I. De togs väl emot och Balduin red med Sigurd till Jordanfloden och tillbaka till Jerusalem.

Norrmännen fick många skatter och reliker, bland annat bitar av det heliga kors som Jesus Kristus ska ha korsfästs på. Dessa överlämnades till norrmännen under förutsättning att de skulle fortsätta att stödja kristendomen och att relikerna togs med till Olav den heliges grav.

Belägringen av Sayda (1110)
Då Balduin skulle ta den muslimska staden Sayda (Sætt) i Syrien (Sýrland) deltog Sigurd och hans män i belägringen. Staden togs och vasallstaten Sayda upprättades.

Återfärden till Norge

Till Konstantinopel (1110)
Efter att ha hjälpt Balduin med att ta Sayda seglade Sigurd och hans män till Cypern där de stannade ett kort tag, innan de satte segel mot Grekland och anlöpte en grekisk hamn som de kallade Engilsnes. Här stannade de ett tag, ty Sigurd ville vänta på sidvind, så att seglen skulle se mer imponerande ut för bysantinerna.

Då de äntligen seglade in mot Konstantinopel (Miklagård) låg skeppen så tätt att det såg ut som om seglen utgjorde ett gigantiskt segel. Invånarna i Konstantinopel kom för att se Sigurd segla in i staden och kejsar Alexios I öppnade stadsportarna för dem.

Till Norge (1110–1113)
Då Sigurd planlade att resa hem gav han alla sina skepp till den bysantinske kejsaren. I utbyte fick han ett antal hästar så att han skulle kunna resa hem landvägen. Många av Sigurds män stannade kvar för att tjäna bysantinerna.

Sigurd drog hemöver, en resa som ska ha tagit runt tre år, från Bulgarien (Bolgaraland), genom Ungern (Ungararíki), Pannonien, Schwaben (Sváva) och Bayern (Beiaraland), där han mötte Lothar III av det tysk-romerska riket (Rómaborg). Då han anlände till Danmark togs han emot av kung Nils som förärade honom ett skepp så att han kunde segla tillbaka till Norge.

Referenser

Källor

 Sturlasson, Snorre: Heimskringla, Snorres kungasagor

Fotnoter

Korståg
Slag
1107
1108
1109
1110
Norge under 1100-talet
Norska slag
Europa under 1100-talet
Asien under 1100-talet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I talk about Chris Cornell and my thoughts about how people talk about suicide.
It can be scary when a friend or loved one is thinking about suicide. It's hard to know how a suicidal crisis feels and how to act. Call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) at any time for help if a friend is struggling.


A year ago, the Studio Crate Entertainment, which employs the former developers of Titan Quest, announced the second expansion for the successful tabloid Grim Dawn. The creators have released a new video and talked about the amount of content DLC "Forgotten Gods". The player will be in the wilderness beyond the Empire of Erulan and get to the ruins of an abandoned city that holds forbidden secrets. The game will be a story Chapter, extensive location, almost two hundred unique items and dozens of new monsters and bosses. "the Forgotten Gods" will be out in March. More exact date is not yet known.
Asobo Studio and Focus Home Interactive has released a twenty-minute video promising adventures of A Plague Tale: Innocence. France, mid-fourteenth century. In the Kingdom, the plague came. 15-year-old Amicia and 5-year-old Hugo, fleeing from the Inquisition and trying to survive in a flooded city is ruthless and hungry swarms of rats devouring everything in its path. To save them from the cruel world can only be light and the ability to hide. The main character will be Amizia that can create objects and give job brother. Children will not be able to kill the adults, but the developers warn that the game is full of cruelty and violence. A Plague Tale: Innocence comes out on may 14 on PC, PS4 and Xbox One.
At the end of 2018 game designer John Romero, known for creating the original DOOM and Daikatana, presented the project Sigil. Sigil is a large modification for DOOM 1993, including the nine single-player levels with nine multiplayer arenas. The mod is free, but available in paid editions with additional material. Romero apologizes to fans and says that to complete the project he'll need more time. Sigil was supposed to come out in February, but was postponed to April. "It seems that the release will take place in April, thank you for your patience and apologize for the inconvenience," writes the designer.
Treyarch and Activision introduced a dynamic trailer for the release release of operation "robbery of the century" for the network shooter Call of Duty: Black Ops IIII. the game will be a new specialist Outrider, innovations and the changes will affect the card "battle Royal" Eclipse, a new item on the "Black market" with 100 new levels, multiplayer game will be four cards-Lockup, Casino Elevation, Madagascar, new material for the Zombie mode. More information infographic: Operation "robbery of the century" first appears in Call of Duty: Black Ops IIII on PS4 at 21:00 (GMT) 19 Feb. On PC and Xbox One and PC launch will take place on February 26.


← Floral Dreamscapes Workshop is Coming to Albuquerque!
This entry was posted in Caning, Classes/Workshops, color theory, Kaleidoscopes, Technique. Bookmark the permalink.
Wish I could, Carol! I miss you!
Thank you Ann… miss you too!
On December 27, I registered for myself and my daughter to attend the level 1 cane workshop scheduled for May 2018. I requested to pay by PayPal. As of today I haven't received any confirmation that you received my registration or an invoice for paying through PayPal.
Please let me know if we have secured our places in this workshop and what I need to do to complete the deposit.
i have been traveling and somehow missed your registration. I will send you a confirmation.
The contact is Nan Smith (Nan Smith ). I forwarded your inquiry to her.


Synopsis : Employment services to people with disabilities and low-income populations in the MetroWest area.
Employment Options, through support, encouragement, and inspiration, creates a home-away-from-home where people with disabilities have the opportunity to overcome barriers to employment while discovering self-sufficiency, personal growth, and hope.
The organization's mission is to provide employment services to people with disabilities and low-income populations in the MetroWest area. They are always interested in having motivated and talented people join their community.
The past many years have found Employment Options expanding their services through a focus on workforce development, family supports, as well as family-specific legal advocacy. The organization has a great variety of programs to offer. Their major programs include the following.
The Workforce Development program provides unemployed families and low-wage workers who are seeking employment or advancement in the health care field with education, training and supports.
The Options Clubhouse is a hub where adults who are recovering from mental illness have the opportunity to help one another and themselves to find housing, employment, education, advocacy, wellness, and parenting support.
The Family Initiatives program includes a number of different opportunities for people who participate. These opportunities include the Family Project, Clubhouse Family Legal Support Project, Family Options, Collaborative Advocacy, Consultation, as well as training.
Family Options is the only program in Massachusetts with a focus on parental mental health. The program represents a collaborative partnership between AstraZeneca, the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and Employment Options. In unity, the organizations are redefining the standards of treatment in regards to mental illness through combination of adult and child services in order to work with families as a single unit through a strength-based approach.
Over time, Employment Options has been successful at presenting opportunities to low-income people with mental illness through their clubhouse program. The year 2002, for example, found the organization widening their efforts to in order to present opportunities for entry-level workers who needed opportunities for advancement in the health care industry. Through due diligence and additional means, they have beens successful in this endeavor. Employment Options has created and facilitated partnerships with the department of employment and training, the regional employment board, employers, the department of transitional assistance, community colleges, and ESOL programs in the MetroWest and surrounding areas in order to provide people with education, training, and career coaching supports.
The organization provides employees with English and entry-level skills in order to improve their ability to become employable, as well as advance to a higher wage bracket and skilled jobs within the health care industry. The result has been a track record in health care which has led to retention rate improvements, increased employee work skills and confidence, and development of succession planning in order to fill critical skill shortages in mid and upper level nursing career areas. A portion of Employment Option's training work is achieved directly in conjunction with employees in group settings. At other times, the organization works with people in a one-on-one environment to help them identify and pursue their career goals.
Employment Options approaches Workforce Development by working with stakeholders to assess and coordinate training, education, and career counseling. They advocate as intermediaries, serving as a form of bridge between employing agencies and people who are seeking to advance their careers. The organization is committed to addressing skill gaps in the workforce via the delivery of career initiatives for employees who are at the entry-level. They have the ability to effectively act as a liaison between people at the entry-level in their careers and supervisors, enabling them to provide a seamless approach to employability in the MetroWest area through development of a capable and strong workforce.
The organization, through interactions with employers, helps to both develop and sustain entry-level employees. The results are a reduced turnover, lower recruitments costs, enhanced customer service, as well as improved productivity. Employment Options has formed long-term partnerships with five nursing homes in the MetroWest area, assisting them to invest in entry-level workers through the core services the organization provides. The team at Employment Options understands the challenges that people face as they make efforts to be successful and help employers. They have a small-company environment that allows people to experience different areas of business, all while experiencing both personal and professional growth. Employment Options also makes use of something very important - the clubhouse model.
Employment Options follows The International Standards for Clubhouse Programs, a consensus that has been agreed upon by the worldwide Clubhouse Community's definition of of the Clubhouse Model of Rehabilitation. The principles expressed in the standards are part and parcel of the Options Clubhouse community's success in assisting people who experience a form of mental illness and their ability to remain out of hospitals while achieving their financial, social, as well as vocational goals. The International Clubhouse Standards also represent a form of, 'Bill of Rights,' for the Options Clubhouse members, and a code of ethics for the Clubhouse's staff members, Board, and Administrators. These International Standards insist that a Clubhouse remain a place which offers both opportunity and respect to members.
Every two years, the worldwide Clubhouse community reviews the standards, amending them as needed. The process of amendment is coordinated by the ICCD Standards Review Committee, which is comprised of members and staff of the ICCD-certified Clubhouses from across the world. You can find a copy of the International Standards for Clubhouse Programs (www.iccd.org/quality.html) through the ICCD.


International businesses are more and more popular these days. Probably one of the reasons this happens is that markets are more open than they ever were in the past. It is not rare for a business executive from one country to travel to another country to conduct business operations. What a business executive has to think about are many business regulations and laws that he will have to follow. It would be best for him to make sure that he knows about all of them before embarking on any business trip. The reason he has to know a lot about laws and regulations is that he needs to be prepared for anything that can happen to him or his business.


The Star Wars themed birthday was unbelievable! My son, the Jedi, battled Darth Vader with LED lightsabers and finally destroyed that villain! The kids were super excited and Ruth had an unbelievable program prepared. After the battles, the kids got autographs, pictures and more!
Definitely recommend hiring her for your child's birthday.


Many people who are just getting started with online casinos have a very basic question: where can they download roulette games? The answer is that today's casino sites make it easier than ever to download roulette and other games right to your computer or mobile device. That means you can enjoy all of the fun, excitement, and big payouts of a real money roulette game any time you want.
Where Can I Download Roulette?
Not every casino still offers a way to download roulette or other offerings, but this is still a common way to play your favorite gambling games. Downloadable casinos for Windows are still somewhat popular, while many sites will allow you to download an app to your iPhone or Android in order to play on the go. Online casinos that don't offer these software options instead provide instant play interfaces, meaning there is no download required at all to play. These browser-based solutions have become the primary options at many websites, but there's still an appeal to downloadable roulette games, which allow you to instantly enjoy real money or practice roulette anytime you want, straight from your device of choice.
If you want to try a downloadable roulette game, the easiest way to start is by visiting one of the many reputable and trustworthy online casino sites currently available to players around the world. Most of these casinos offer a downloadable casino client that can be installed on Windows computers.
However, that doesn't mean users with other operating systems are out of luck as workarounds such as Boot Camp (for Mac users) or Wine (for Linux users) are also available, making it possible to bring the excitement of online roulette to just about any computer.
Once you've chosen an online casino and downloaded their software, you'll probably need to create an account before you can even try out their games. This is usually a pretty painless process that involves simply providing some basic information about who you are and where you're from.
Almost every downloadable roulette casino will allow you to try out their games in a free-play mode before you have to commit to depositing any money. This is a great way to decide if you're going to be happy with the roulette games (and other games) in the casino before risking any of your money.
Once you've decided you're ready to play for real money, it's time to make a deposit. Most online casinos offer numerous different ways to move money into your casino account, ranging from credit cards and bank transfers to "e-wallet" sites and prepaid voucher options. Many of these options credit your account instantly, allowing you to get right to playing roulette within minutes of making your deposit. You'll probably even be eligible for a bonus when you first open your account.
Now you're ready to play online roulette for real money. All of the same options available in a real live roulette game can be used in a roulette download game as well. You can bet on single numbers, combinations, spread your money around the table or do anything else you like.
Many downloadable casinos now also include live dealer roulette games, which can bring an added level of excitement to your online roulette experience. These games allow you to play with real dealers over a video interface, meaning that your roulette bets will be decided by spins on a real wheel that you can watch spin live on your computer.
Playing roulette through a downloadable casino comes with a number of advantages over other casino options. For one, downloadable casinos usually feature the biggest variety of games and features available through a given casino. While other options might have a decent game selection, the casino software is likely to contain every single game available. This includes the full range of roulette options.
Another plus to playing at a downloadable casino is the fact that they tend to be very stable. While casinos that operate through a web interface can be very convenient, they're also sometimes more prone to issues like crashes or freezing than their downloadable counterparts. You can also expect the downloadable client to be the first version of the casino to receive new games, updates and patches, allowing you to always be first in line for any improvements that become available for your casino.
Although using software is my favorite way to play roulette, it is not the only option available. One of the most popular ways to access an online casino today is through the "instant play" or "no download" casino option. These flash versions of the software are available right on the casino's website and don't require you to install anything on your computer in order to access them.
Using instant play can be a great alternative for players who want a simple way to connect through a Mac or Linux system, or for players who want to play on computers other than their own.
Another great innovation in online roulette is the mobile casino. A mobile casino is a simplified casino site that's made specifically to be accessed through a mobile phone or tablet. For instance, most mobile casinos nowadays are compatible with iPhones, Androids, Blackberries, Kindles and iPads, among other mobile devices.
These casinos often include a mobile roulette game, making them perfect for roulette players who are on the go. Mobile casinos give players the ultimate in convenience and flexibility, allowing you to play whether you're at work, watching a game, commuting, or any other time you feel like getting in a few spins on the roulette wheel.


Here is a beautiful "Pink Lemonade" halo diamond ring. The center stone is a stunning radiant cut diamond. This stone is a great example of why radiant cut is so popular in fancy yellow diamonds. This shape looks great in a halo ring.
Since the diamond does not have a GIA report, it's up to us to grade it- and I take that job seriously. This stone has great color. It is a totally eye clean VS2.
The setting is beautifully done. The three colors set each other off magnificently. The pink is so very pink, the white diamonds in stark contrast. The contrast of colors will draw attention from those who see it.
The ring is designed so it can be worn next to any wedding band.


An increasing number of the car dealers we speak with are growing concerned about the long term effect of a lack of quality, retail worthy, stock. Many are trying their level best to counter this, but there is still a big problem when dealing with customers who don't want to necessarily buy another car but just want to dispose of their existing one for whatever reason.
Although dealers rely on their buyers to acquire saleable cars to stock their forecourts, the reality is that they are just not geared up to be able to simply buy cars from the 'street' i.e. private sellers. This inability to provide a sought after service is one of the reasons private sellers have been driven (pardon the pun) into the hands of the internet buying sites. There is also another very good reason this is happening.
The one overwhelming advantage the likes of WBAC have is that they have the technology and the will to give a seller a price up front without the need for a big "stewards enquiry". Most customers, whether car dealers like it or not, want to start their search for buying a new car by finding out 'roughly' what their existing car is worth, thus giving themselves an opportunity to establish a budget for the next car. But guess what? If a customer rings most car dealership the last thing the person on the other end of the phone would do is give that info over the phone for fear of never laying eyes on the customer if the price is wrong. But with WBAC and the like the rules have changed and many buyers will use the facility they provide to get a "ball park" price before even going into a dealership. This could mean that WBAC have no chance of buying the car, however because these sites work on the basic golden rule of sales: "it's a numbers game" means that they will get their fair share of customers based on the fact that many people just loose the will to live when trying to get some basic information around what their existing car might be worth from dealers especially the franchised variety.
We spoke to some professional used car buyers with many years' experience who are buying cars from the likes of WBAC and WWBYC. Cars which, if the businesses they worked for were more flexible, they could simply buy direct from source and not have to buy through auction or in the trade and give a trade profit to the aforementioned.
More crucially perhaps, if they were better at it could give the customer who has conceivably supported the franchise they represent in the first place a better price as a result.
The issue is also that, because of strict processes and the need for control, allowing sales execs to give a "ball park figure" before the customer is in the showroom is just simply not permitted. However many customers who genuinely want to buy a car today will not do so until they have that info.
So what is the answer? Who blinks first? Well I know that if giving a ball park price every time meant the customer not coming in, I would think that perhaps I wouldn't be able to make a profitable deal happen anyway. But if I did give a price and the customer still came in then at least I would know they were interested if they had made the effort. I could therefore afford to spend more time with them because they were serious and I may just get a sale out of it.
With a lack of stock around perhaps quality is better than quantity and by being this flexible there may be a chance of buying a car and not driving a customer away and giving all the profit to someone else.
customers today are taking their wbac valuation to the showrooms as a basis for negotiation on their next car,so in theory all a dealer has to do is be in the ball park of what has been offered and they should have a fighting chance of closing the deal!
It's one thing getting a valuation from W.B.A.C., a completely different one trying to "actually get" that valuation, have lost count of the amount of customers who have come back to us saying W.B.A.C. didn't even get near their original online quote, and we recommended W.B.A.C. every day to customers, Why? we simply don't want their part exchange vehicle, fact !………….


Looking at updating your family photos, need a new head shot for work or have you just had a newborn and want to capture those early days? I find the white studio look a bit dated and much prefer natural environments; a walk in the woods or at home in the back garden. Also using natural light rather than flash guns or studio lights.


The first decades of photography were a period of continual innovation. One of the more curious inventions to come from that time was the stereograph or stereoview. Invented in the 1840s and first presented to the public in 1851, the stereograph was the first time three dimensional perception was created using two dimensional images. Stereographs gained widespread popularity in the United States beginning in 1859 with invention of an improved viewer, or stereoscope, by Oliver Wendell Holmes, and remained popular through the early 20th century. A stereograph is composed of two photographs taken with two cameras an eye's width distant from each other and presented side by side, one to each eye, thus simulating binocular vision. As Keith Davis describes in his The Origins of American Photography, 1839-1885, "the result is a compelling, if slightly curious, sense of visual depth in which objects appear as flat cut-outs occupying discrete planes in space". This new way of seeing distant places and people was very appealing in a time when travel was difficult and photography the main medium for learning about the world. By the 1870s, tens of thousands of stereographs were offered for sale by various photographic firms in the United States. The visual interest of the medium is such that it is still used by some fine artists and there is even a recently developed smartphone app using the same principles.
The primary photographer in the town of Amherst for many decades was J. L. Lovell. He also took the majority of photographs of all types of Amherst College and its students. He offered class albums for sale to seniors each year with pictures of the faculty, students and campus. Lovell was responsible for the majority of the photographs from the 19th century that can be found in Archives and Special Collections today. He offered stereographs of Amherst College, the town of Amherst and Massachusetts Agricultural College (later UMass) in the 1860s, 70s and likely beyond. A list of views offered is pasted on the reverse of some of the stereographs in our collection, see the image at right. All the images below are by J. L. Lovell.
The stereographs pictured below are a small sample of the many held in Archives and Special Collections. Visitors are welcome to view all these images stereographically anytime our reading room is open, Monday-Friday 9am-4pm.
The first natural history museum (or "cabinet" as it was known) in Appleton Hall, undated.
The college well, located behind Johnson Chapel. The man in the photograph is likely Charles Thompson, the college janitor for many years, undated.
East College (a dormitory located where James and Stearns now stand) and a baseball game on the quad, apparently being played by Massachusetts rules, ca. 1860s.
A view from Johnson Chapel tower looking over the quad toward Barrett Hall and East College, ca. 1868-1870.
The class of 1877 in the Natural Philosophy lecture room in Walker Hall (formerly on the site where the library now stands) receiving a lecture from Professor Ebenezer Snell, 1876.
Professor Esty lecturing the Class of 1878 in the Mathematical Room in Walker Hall, 1876.
The room of Moses Hobart, Class of 1872, during his senior year. The room is in the Chi Psi fraternity; very few students roomed at their fraternity houses at this time, the majority of students lived on campus or in rooming houses in town.


Next month in Wellington and Auckland the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra will perform two of the best-loved pieces of baroque music ever written.
UPDATED with winners. The culmination of the annual movie awards season.
Movie audiences flocked to the Marvel blockbusters and several sequels.
What to buy for the person who has everything.
Great symphonic works of the 19th century in concert.
KOOZA will be the first new Cirque du Soleil production since 2014.
Bill Kermode shares his views on philanthropy.


text:
Art BlogSocial Issues215 Children What Can We Do?
Art Blog - Kathryn Kaiser
Category : Social Issues
Date : 6 June 2021
Remains of Residential School Children Found
In May 2021, a ground-penetrating radar survey ordered by the Tk'emlúps te Secwépemc First Nation uncovered the remains of 215 children. Some of these children were as young as 3 years old. Most of us understand this is only the tip of the iceberg. The number of graves will total in the thousands. We are all grieving, but Indigenous communities are devastated. Many Residential School survivors are experiencing renewed trauma and unfathomable pain and loss.
About Kamloops Residential School
Remains of the 215 children were found on Thursday, May 27, 2021. The story started making the news over the weekend, but did not make front page mainstream news Canada wide until late Sunday and Monday, May 31.
The Kamloops Residential School survey was ordered (and paid for) by the Tk'emlúps te Secwépemc First Nation. In 2009, the TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) requested a paltry $1.5 million in funding to search for unmarked graves in Canadian Residential Schools, but that funding was denied by Ottawa.
There are many heartbreaking stories being shared by Residential School survivors. Many of these survivors have never shared their stories with anyone (including their own family members) prior to this. Some of these memories are shared by those who had attended the Kamloops Indian Residential School specifically. One woman witnessed the bodies of infants being thrown into the school incinerator. Children also died trying to make their way home. Their remains are lost.
The Real Numbers
The 'official number' of deaths that had been attributed to Kamloops Indian Residential School prior to this gruesome discovery was either 36 or 51 depending on the source. Although, we may never know the actual number.
According to the TRC, the number of Indigenous children across the country identified by name, as well as unnamed in death records, is about 4,200. The actual number could be higher than 6,000. It is estimated that 150,000 Indigenous children were removed from their homes and forced to attend residential schools in Canada. The first schools opened in the 1880s (prior to that there were 'Mission Schools') and the last residential school didn't close until 1996.
Kamloops Indian Residential School – Tk'emlúps te Secwépemc First Nation
Kukpi7 Rosanne Casimir, chief of Tk'emlups te Secwepemc First Nation called the discovery of the mass grave an "unthinkable loss." She made it clear, however, that although these deaths were undocumented, the community "had knowledge" of them.
Many More Unmarked Graves in Canada
Ground-penetrating radar surveys have already been completed, currently underway or will be forthcoming at former residential schools in Canada. First Nations are still in the preliminary stages of this work. Even at the burial sites where graves have been confirmed, this research is ongoing. Many more graves will be located in the months to come. Still, the remains of many children who died attempting to escape will never be found. The US will be conducting surveys as well, and I will include their numbers here as they are confirmed.
Here is a link to an interactive map of residential schools in Canada. (Photo shown below)
Interactive Map of Residential Schools in Canada
To date, the following sites have found unmarked and undocumented graves:
1947 GRAVES TO DATE
GRAVES FIRST NATION INSTITUTION LOCATION
300+ Métis & Deh Gáh Got'ı̨ę FN Sacred Heart IRS Fort Providence, N.W.T.
215 Tk'emlúps te Secwépemc FN Kamloops IRS Kamloops, BC
104 Sioux Valley Dakota FN Brandon IRS Brandon, MB
38+ FNs & Métis in SK, AB & MB Regina IRS Regina, SK
35 Muskowekwan FN Muskowekwan IRS Lestock, SK
? Red Pheasant, Sweetgrass,
Thunderchild, Moosomin FN Thunderchild IRS Delmas, SK
74+ Ahtahkakoop, Mistawasis,
Nêhiyawak, Saulteaux FN Battleford Industrial School North Battleford, SK
751 Cowessess FN Marieval IRS Qu'Appelle Valley, SK
182 Ktunaxa FN St. Eugene's IRS Cranbrook, BC
160 Penelakut FN Kuper Island Industrial school Penelakut Island, BC
72 Siksika & TsuuT'ina FN Dunbow Industrial School Calgary, AB
16 Mi'kmaq FN Shubenacadie IRS Shubenacadie, NS
As Settlers Please Be Mindful & Respectful
In general, do not centre yourself in conversations with Indigenous Peoples or communites.
Do not ask Residential School survivors or their communities or family members to bear the burden of honouring your guilt or your grief.
Do not speak over Indigenous community members or survivors.
Remember it is not up to settlers to decide how these children (and others) should be memorialized.
Never ask members of Indigenous communities to do your work for you. Be respectful of their time and energy.
Do not expect others to temper their feelings and responses for you.
Do not ask for information or proof of these or other atrocities.
Educate yourself. I will provide some info and links here, but Google is also a wonderful tool.
For more info on allyship, see How to Be A Genuine Ally.
Note: If the terms 'settler' and/or 'colonial' either trigger you or confuse you, please learn more. These labels are not meant to be pejorative or demeaning. You can start with some basic terminology here.
This Is Not Old History
Canadians all need to stop trying to place the blame solely on either the church, or any one (or other) government. The damages realized by colonialism are our collective responsibility and these racial policies continue today. We all own this.
Some Fast Facts:
Many residential school workers transitioned into provincial child welfare services after schools were closed.
The Sixties Scoop – policies were enacted by provincial child welfare authorities from the mid 1950's-1980's. Thousands of Indigenous children were taken from their families, placed in foster homes, and adopted out to white families from across Canada and the US.
This legacy of removing Indigenous children from their homes and communities continues today with what is known as the Millennium Scoop.
48% of all children in foster care are Indigenous, despite making up 7% of Canadian children.
There are 3 times more Indigenous children in the child welfare system as there were at the height of residential schools
Recently in BC, it has come to light that Indigenous girls as young as 10 have been forced to have IUDs inserted. This has happened in the past decade.
In Canada, over 1000 Indigenous women were sterilized between 1966 and 1976. The forced sterilization of Indigenous women continued in Canada until (at least) 2018. In 2018, the UN Committee Against Torture recognized that "forced or coerced sterilization of Indigenous women and girls dating back to the 1970s and including recent cases" in Canada is a form of torture.
More than 30% of prisoners in federal custody are indigenous, while making up only 5% of the Canadian population.
Indigenous women, now account for 42% of the female inmate population in Canada.
Is This Genocide?
Definition of Genocide (From the UN Convention on Genocide)
Genocide is "any of the following acts committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such":
1. Killing members of the group ✔
2. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group ✔
3. Deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part ✔
4. Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group ✔
5. Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group ✔
Note: Canada's own definition of genocide in the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act says genocide is "an act or omission committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, an identifiable group of persons."
Educating Ourselves
It's important to mourn the deaths of these children, as well as the continuing generational trauma. But it is critical as outsiders not to burden grieving communities further. Listen to survivors. Even when it becomes uncomfortable. Which it will.
To truly honour these lost lives and understand our part in colonization, we must sustain the hard work of reconciliation. This is our collective responsibility. One of the very first steps in this process is to educate ourselves and our future generations. There are no excuses when this information is available to all of us.
The terminology can be confusing when beginning this research. I have added some basic definitions here.
Shoes on Steps – photo by Ian Lefebvre, Vancouver Art Gallery
1. The Doctrine of Discovery
The Doctrine of Discovery was the framework Spain, Portugal, and England used for the colonization of many lands. It was the international law that gave license to explorers to claim vacant land (terra nullius) in the name of their sovereign. Vacant land was basically land unpopulated by Christians.
This is the intent of the doctrine and what it meant for Indigenous Peoples from Indigenous Corporate Training Inc. here.
Read and/or download Dismantling of the Doctrine of Discovery from the Assembly of First Nations (2018) here.
2. The Treaties
Treaties are negotiated agreements that define the rights, responsibilities and relationships between Indigenous groups and federal and provincial governments. The treaty system was a means by which the Crown gained sovereignty, without military intervention, over the west in order to open it up for settlers.
Read 10 Treaty Facts from Indigenous Corporate Training
Learn about the treaty of the land on which you reside. Victor Temprano and the team at Native-Land.ca has designed a beautiful and resource rich map of Indigenous territories, treaties, and languages.
Native Land Interactive Map
3. The Indian Act
All Canadians should have an understanding of the Indian Act. A good place to start may be with this piece by Bob Joseph, Gwawa'enuxw:
21 Things You May Not Have Known About The Indian Act
More on The Indian Act – from UBC's First Nations and Indigenous Studies
"It is readily acknowledged that Indian children lose their natural resistance to illness by habitating so closely in these schools, and that they die at a much higher rate than in their villages. But this alone does not justify a change in the policy of this Department, which is being geared towards the final solution of our Indian Problem."
Duncan Campbell Scott (1910) Canadian Indian Affairs Department
4. Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)
If you only read one TRC Document, please let it be the 94 Calls To Action. "In order to redress the legacy of residential schools and advance the process of Canadian reconciliation, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission makes the following calls to action."
The 94 Calls To Action are listed here: Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls To Action
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report – TRC Summary: Honouring the Truth, Reconciling the Future – Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
TRC What We Have Learned: The Principles of Truth and Reconciliation
Real reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples includes self-education. – Pam Palmater, University of Regina, Feb. 15, 2018
A 2020 Update on Reconciliation
Calls to Action Accountability – A 2020 Status Update on Reconciliation – By Eva Jewell and Ian Mosby
"December 15, 2020, marks a full five years since the release of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. It was a momentous day that saw residential school Survivors, their families, and representatives of the institutions responsible for overseeing the horrors of Canada's Indian residential school system gather in Ottawa to chart a new path for the future guided by the Commission's 94 Calls to Action. Governments committed to work with provincial, territorial, and municipal counterparts to "fully implement the Calls to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission." But five years later, that commitment has not materialized.
5. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples – UNDRIP
After years of false starts the federal government has taken a tentative step towards implementing the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples by introducing Bill C-15. If it is passed into law, this bill will require the federal government to take measures to ensure the laws of Canada are consistent with the Declaration. It will also obligate them to prepare and implement an action plan to achieve the objectives of the Declaration.
From the First Nations & Indigenous Studies Program at UBC – What is UNDRIP?
One take on how UNDRIP will or will not function in the spirit it was intended is here: A Cold Rain Falls: Canada's Proposed UNDRIP Legislation – Bruce McIvor (2020)
6. The National Inquiry Into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls – MMIWG
The National Inquiry's Final Report reveals that persistent and deliberate human and Indigenous rights violations and abuses are the root cause behind Canada's staggering rates of violence against Indigenous women, girls and 2SLGBTQQIA people. This two volume Final Report calls for transformative legal and social changes to resolve the crisis that has devastated Indigenous communities across the country.
The Final Report is comprised of the truths of more than 2,380 family members, survivors of violence, experts and Knowledge Keepers shared over two years of cross-country public hearings and evidence gathering. It delivers 231 individual Calls for Justice directed at governments, institutions, social service providers, industries and all Canadians. – National Inquiry website.
Download and/or read the MMIWG PDFs here:
Volume 1a – Reclaiming Power and Place – The Final Report Of The National Inquiry Into Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women And Girls
Volume 1b – Reclaiming Power and Place – The Final Report Of The National Inquiry Into Missing And Murdered Indigenous Women And Girls
7. Sixties Scoop
The Sixties Scoop is the catch-all name for policies enacted by provincial child welfare authorities from the mid 1950's-1980's. During this time period, thousands of Indigenous children were taken from their families, placed in foster homes and adopted out to white families from across Canada and the US. Read More here: The Sixties Scoop Explained – CBC Docs
8. The Millennium Scoop
The Millennium Scoop is a term used to describe the incredibly high rates of indigenous children in Canada's social services. There are currently three times as many indigenous children in the child welfare system as there were at the height of residential schools. In other words, the racist, genocidal policies that considered indigenous parents incapable of caring for their children in the 1800s are still alive and well today. CBC – First Nations Children Still Taken From Parents
The following testimony was submitted by Cindy Blackstock, at the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal on First Nations Child Welfare hearing. Blackstock is Gitxsan First Nation, as well as an activist for child welfare, executive director of the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada, and a professor for the School of Social Work at McGill University. She has a BA, two Masters degrees (Management and Jurisprudence in Children's Law and Policy) and a PhD in social work.
Reconciliation means not saying sorry twice: How inequities in Federal Government child welfare funding, and benefit, on reserves drives First Nations children into foster care. Cindy Blackstock PhD Feb 15, 2011
A Mind Spread Out On The Ground – A bold and profound meditation on trauma, legacy, oppression and racism in North America from award-winning Haudenosaunee writer Alicia Elliott
Living in Indigenous Sovereignty lifts up the wisdom of Indigenous scholars, activists and knowledge keepers who speak pointedly to what they are asking of non-Indigenous people. This book was written by Elizabeth Carlson-Manathara and Gladys Rowe
The Reason You Walk: A Memoir – A moving father-son reconciliation told by a charismatic First Nations broadcaster, musician and activist Wab Kinew
I Place You Into The Fire – Poems by Rebecca Thomas
The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America – A critical and personal meditation on what it means to be "Indian" in North America – Thomas King
Dancing on Our Turtle's Back – Reconciliation must be grounded in political resurgence and must support the regeneration of Indigenous languages, oral cultures, and traditions of governance.- Leanne Simpson
Indian Horse – With compassion and insight, Wagamese traces through his fictional characters the decline of a culture and a cultural way – by award winning Ojibway writer Richard Wagamese
A list of Fiction and Non Fiction Books on Canada's Residential Schools listed here. Both Adult and Children's books can be found here. Goodreads All Ages Books About Residential Schools
Angry Inuk
In her award-winning documentary, director Alethea Arnaquq-Baril joins a new tech-savvy generation of Inuit as they campaign to challenge long-established perceptions of seal hunting.
We Were Children
In Tim Wolochatiuk's We Were Children, the profound impact of the Canadian government's residential school system is conveyed through the eyes of two children who were forced to face hardships beyond their years. (Warning: Disturbing content. Parental discretion strongly advised)
Indian Horse – An award winning adaptation of Ojibway writer Richard Wagamese's novel (see Indian Horse in 'Books' above). Read some background and about the filming process in MACLEAN'S here.
Métis in Space: Both Molly Swain and Chelsea Vowel sit down with a bottle of wine, a decolonialist attitude, and an exceptionally nerdy sci-fi movie or television episode
Red Man Laughing: by irreverent Anishinaabe comedian Ryan McMahon. RML's 5th season is dedicated to the theme of reconciliation
MEDIA INDIGENA: a weekly Indigenous current affairs roundtable hosted by Rick Harp. News from an Indigenous perspective.
Indigenous Land Rights and Reconciliation Podcast: CFRC 101.9 FM Kingston, Ontario – Queen's University
Unreserved: CBC Radio's space for the Indigenous community, culture, and conversation hosted by Rosanna Deerchild
Word Up podcast: hosted by Erin Buchmann, who is the Indigenous instructional coach at District School Board Ontario North East (DSB1)
Native Currents: a podcast hosted by Anishinaabe academic Steven Vanloffeld and Mi'kmaq lawyer and Glenn Wheeler. Native Currents includes critiques of the Canadian government and discussion of racist, colonialist systems that affect Indigenous people in Canada
The Henceforward: is a podcast that started as part of a graduate course called Decolonization, Settler Colonialism and Antiblackness taught by Eve Tuck at the U of T
Indian & Cowboy: is an Indigenous podcast network.
This Land – Crooked Media: is an award winning documentary podcast. Host Rebecca Nagle reports on how the far right is using Native children to attack American Indian tribes and advance their agenda.
Educational Resource Links & Further Reading…
Another excellent resource is Whose Land Is It Anyway? A manual for decolonization – Edited by Peter McFarlane and Nicole Schabus (2017). Download or Read the PDF here: Whose Land Is It Anyway?
Clearing the Plains: Disease, Politics of Starvation and the Loss of Indigenous Life – Revealing how Canada used a policy of starvation against Indigenous people to clear the way for settlement – James Daschuk
A plethora of resources on Dr Pamela Pamater's website here: https://pampalmater.com/resources/
Canada in the World -Settler Capitalism and the Colonial Imagination – Comprehensive summary across more than 150 years of history, which demonstrates Canadian policy and behaviour in the world. – Tyler Shipley
Lesson Planning Websites & Open Resources from Lakehead University Website: Lakehead University Library Guides
This website supports the teacher resource ebook Shattering the Silence: The Hidden History of Indian Residential Schools in Saskatchewan with ebook download.
Take a free course on Indigenous Canada. U of A is offering a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) from the Faculty of Native Studies that explores Indigenous histories and contemporary issues in Canada. Learn more here.
Resources For Families & Children
There are so many great resources to help your children and grand children understand residential schools. Check out these links, and find your own. The NFB (National Film Board) is an excellent resource for films as well. YouTube also has films. Please purchase materials whenever you are able, and purchase from local and/or private sources.
… More Children's Books
There are many more books available for children than even a few years ago. Today's Parent has compiled a list of 11 books to teach kids about residential schools. This is a solid place to start.
Spirit Bear: Fishing For Knowledge, Catching Dreams
Follow Spirit Bear as he learns about traditional knowledge and Residential Schools before heading to Algonquin territory, as children teach him about Shannen's Dream.
Download Sprit Bear here.
See more (including learning guide) here.
Stolen Words – Melanie Florence
When a little girl comes home from school one day and asks her grandpa how to say something in Cree, he is sad that he cannot teach her. She then sets out to help her grandpa find his language again.
Order Stolen Words here.
I Lost My Talk – Rita Joe
From Song of Eskasoni.
Copyright ©2007 by the Estate of Rita Joe
I lost my talk.
The talk you took away.
When I was a little girl
At Shubenacadie school.
You snatched it away:
I speak like you, I think like you, I create like you
The scrambled ballad, about my word.
Two ways I talk Both ways I say,
Your way is more powerful.
So gently I offer my hand and ask,
Let me find my talk
So I can teach you about me.
Molly of Denali – CBC Kids
Grandpa's Drum: Molly finds an old photo of Grandpa as a child and is shocked to see him singing and drumming. Grandpa never sings.When Grandpa tells her he lost his songs when he gave his drum away, Molly goes on a mission to find his drum and return his songs to him.
Molly of Denali on YouTube
More Family Films & Education Resources
Indigenous Cinema in the Classroom (ages 6-11) National Film Board
The Learning Circle: Classroom Activities on First Nations in Canada – Ages 8 to 11
Education for Reconciliation and Social Justice – Shannens Dream School Resources – First Nation Child & Family Caring Society
Every Child Matters Education Package – Monique Gray Smith (Grades 5-12)
Ontario Federation of Teachers – Useful Links for Indigenous Education
Online Resources put together by The Assembly of First Nations (AFN) – PDF
Settlers, Colonizers & Other Terms
Am I A Settler?If the terms "Settler" or "Settler Colonizer" offend you, please do the work to understand what they mean, whether or not you are included in this definition, and what your responsibilities may be as a settler and/or colonizer toward reconciliation. These terms are not meant to be pejorative or racist. A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established a permanent residence there, often to colonize the area. Being a settler means that you are non-Indigenous and that you or your ancestors came and settled in a land that had been previously inhabited by Indigenous Peoples.
Settler colonizers "come to stay". Unlike colonial agents such as traders, soldiers, or governors, settler collectives intend to permanently occupy and assert sovereignty over indigenous lands.
Settler colonial invasion is a structure, not an event. It persists in the ongoing elimination of indigenous populations, and the assertion of state sovereignty and juridical control over their lands and resources.
Settler colonialism is enacted by a variety of means, ranging from violent depopulation to assimilation.
It seeks its own end. Unlike other types of colonialism in which the goal is to maintain colonial structures and imbalances in power between colonizer and colonized, settler colonization trends towards the ending of colonial difference in the form of a supreme and unchallenged settler state and people.
Settler colonialism is a distinct type of colonialism that functions through the replacement of Indigenous populations with an invasive settler society that, over time, develops a distinctive identity and sovereignty.
Settler Colonialism – Global Social Theory
Normalizing the Word Colonizer
For you to learn. pic.twitter.com/JDEzB08ViE
— Bookbirb (@comradebirb) July 27, 2021
Other Terminology
Indigenous Peoples – This term was chosen by Indigenous leaders in the 1970's to identify and unite diverse communities and represent them in global political arenas. It is a collective noun for First Nations, Inuit and Metis and used in Canada. The term Indigenous is a relational word that highlights a peoples' connection to traditional territories, as well as their experience of colonization. It is also acceptable to use First Peoples or First Nations in place of Indigenous Peoples. Note: Always capitalize these terms.
Inuit – Indigenous Peoples in northern Canada, living mainly in Nunavut, Northwest Territories, northern Quebec and Labrador. Ontario has a very small Inuit population. Inuit are not covered by the Indian Act.
Métis Peoples – People of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry. The Métis National Council adopted the following definition in 2002: "Métis means a person who self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from other Aboriginal peoples, is of historic Métis Nation Ancestry and (this is key) who is accepted by the Métis Nation."
Native – When used as adjectives, Indigenous means born or engendered in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion, whereas Native means belonging to one by birth. Please note 'Native' is an outdated term in Canada. Native is also noun with the meaning: a person who is native to a place.
Aboriginal Peoples – The collective noun used in the Constitution Act 1982 and includes the Indian (or First Nations), Inuit and Metis Peoples so legally it will always have a place at the terminology table. Note: this is a legal term, and best not used in general practice.
Indian – The term "Indian" is the legal identity of an Indigenous person who is registered under the Indian Act. Do NOT use it otherwise!
Other Actions We Can Take
1. Follow Indigenous Voices on Social Media
Bryson Syliboy has a list on Twitter for allies. He has generously posted this list for those who want to make a difference moving forward. Here is a link to what Bryson posted in his thread. Follow on Bryson on Twitter @ArnallLabrador.
2. Donate Your Time and/or Money to Indigenous Causes
I will include links to projects you can follow, share and donate to here.
Follow #SettlerSaturday on TwitterEvery Saturday, Indigenous activists from Canada and the US will post links to help needed in Indigenous communities. These request links may range from housing, to resources, to money for rent, etc. Help here where you can.
Follow the hashtag #settlercollector on Twitter. If you use twitter, and are able to psych yourself up for some helpful education and possibly the occasional verbal sparring, please help. Indigenous activists and/or users will use the hashtag when they need assistance. How it works: search the #settlercollector hashtag. Remove the hashtag user's name before you respond to avoid having a continual flood of insensitive racist responses in Indigenous mentions. Indigenous Twitter users (as well as allies) are using the hashtag because they need a break. After removing their name, add your response. Keep in mind, that although there are many instances when the correct information is badly needed, there are as many times when the offending accounts will need to be blocked and reported.
Please do remember to use the guidelines for how to be an ally.Thank you for making a difference.
For Rose (Cropped) – Kathryn Kaiser
Category : Government
Marc Chagall The Bible Love Mozart
Category : Painters, Craft
Marc Chagall was associated with several major artistic styles and created works in almost every artistic medium. He perceived his vision "not as the dream of one people, but of all humanity."
Awesome GIFs
Category : Animation, Digital Work
Just a few of my favourite GIFs by some incredible creatives around the globe. Featuring George Redhawk, Micaël Reynaud and Nina Paley.

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text:
Q: How to compare strings in date format in Objective C I have two strings with the format as Fri, 22 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530. I need to compare these two strings.If it can be done by converting them to date ,how can i write that NSDateFormatter style. Tried the code below. but not working. I'm getting the newDate and  currentDate as nil. Any help would be appreciated.
NSString *dateString1 = @"Fri, 22 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530";
NSString *dateString2 = @"Fri, 21 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530";
NSDateFormatter *inputFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[inputFormatter setDateStyle:NSDateFormatterFullStyle];

NSDate *newDate = [inputFormatter dateFromString:dateString1];
NSDate *currentDate = [inputFormatter dateFromString:dateString2];

[inputFormatter release];

NSComparisonResult result = [newDate compare:currentDate]; // comparing two dates

if(result == NSOrderedAscending || result == NSOrderedSame) {
    NSLog(@"newDate is less or same");
}

A: Use [inputFormatter setDateFormat:@"EEE, DD MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss z"];
    NSString *dateString1 = @"Fri, 22 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530";
    NSString *dateString2 = @"Fri, 22 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530";

    NSDateFormatter *inputFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];

    [inputFormatter setDateFormat:@"EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z"];

    NSDate *newDate = [inputFormatter dateFromString:dateString1];
    NSDate *currentDate = [inputFormatter dateFromString:dateString2];

    NSComparisonResult result = [newDate compare:currentDate]; // comparing two dates

    if(result == NSOrderedAscending || result == NSOrderedSame) {
        NSLog(@"newDate is less or same");
    }

A: set dateformat like
if your time format is 12 hour - use hh else if your time format is 24 hour use - HH
      NSString *dateString1 = @"Fri, 22 Jan 2016 10:46:50 +0530";
[inputFormatter setDateFormat:@"EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z"];

if you are using ARC no need of this [inputFormatter release];

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Suite Curacao, for piano solo. Premiere.
Suyang Kim, Aris Feslikidis pno - Manuel Hofstatter,Leonhard Schmidinger perc.
Kim, Feslikidis pno. Hofstatter, Pekala perc.
Sitarz, Wasik pno. - Kordylasinska, Pekala perc.
Isabel Piganiol, Marylise Tanvet, Gert Østergaard, Anette Abildgaard.
Ju-Ping Song, Ioannis Potamusis, piano, Steve Goss, James Armstrong, Perc.
Hall of the National Bank - "International Review of Composers"
Jens Bjerregaard (Choreographer, dancer) Eve Garnier (dancer), Kim Helweg (piano).
Variations on Chick Coreas LA FIESTA.
Nothing Florid (Prelude and Performance).
Vergie Amendola, Tanya Gille, Amy Lynn Barber, Christoffer Martin.
LP DUO – Sonja Locar and Andrija Pavlovic, pianos.


I just saw the movie "Wonder Woman" the other night at Yakima Cinemas, and instead of getting up when the movie ended and the credits started rolling, I sat there paralyzed in my chair.
It wasn't because I was struck with fear, or had "an accident" in my pants. It was because 1) I was bawling over Steve (no spoiler alerts here, sorry); and 2) because I wanted to see the scenes I expected would be there after the movie credits were done scrolling by at a snail's pace.
Normally, I check this website link or this one to see if there are scenes after the credits, but this time, I decided to do it the old school way and watch ALL of them and just be surprised with whatever scenes appeared.
To my dismay, there were no extra scenes at the end of "Wonder Woman." I was quite shocked, actually, and it made me feel really spoiled that I expected some alternate ending to this awesome movie.
Next time, just check the website and save yourself five minutes of sitting there with a blank stare. That is unless you are too busy sobbing at the end of a great movie.


John Simpson Chisum left a trail across the American West so wide that a blind scout could follow it. Although his track can be picked up effortlessly, the gaps and sketchy information about the man leave us with but half the story. John Chisum's life story seems to have been defined by his association with Billy the Kid and a singular epic cattle drive across the barren expanses of West Texas to New Mexico. ......John Chisum did nothing in a small way. He rarely missed an opportunity to advance his own purposes. He built a cattle empire in New Mexico that was, at the time, second to none. To shamelessly borrow a line from Walter Noble Burns' book The Saga of Billy the Kid, John Chisum knew cows.
Clifford R. Caldwell has continually cultivated his interest in Western History since boyhood. Cliff is now retired from a stint in the United States Marines during Viet Nam and a thirty-five year career working for several Fortune 500 companies. He is free to pursue his interests as a historian and writer. He has a Bachelor of Science degree in Business and is the author of several books and published works, including Old West Tales, Good Men, Bad Men; Lawmen, Dead Right, The Lincoln County War, Guns of the Lincoln County War and his most recent work, A Days Ride From Here. Cliff is a member of the Western Writers of America and the Wild West Histroy Association.
Click the button below to add the John Simpson Chisum, The Cattle King of the Pecos Revisited by Clifford R. Caldwell (Signed copy) to your wish list.


Pending - Welcome to this absolutely charming, meticulously maintained home in a beautiful country setting within minutes of award winning FM schools and shopping.
4 spacious bedrooms upstairs with large full bath. Formal living room and dining room. Updated kitchen with Corian counters and lots of storage that steps out into screened breezeway-patio for dining al fresco - perfect for your morning coffee!
Beautiful hardwoods throughout home with exception of office/library added to home in 1970's. Ceramic tile in bathrooms. Gorgeous yard and peaceful, idyllic setting. 6 plus acres. Backs up to Limestone Creek. Many adventures in the wooded area in back of home. Newer systems.


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U.S. companies stand to benefit from closer Hong Kong-mainland economic ties: chief executive
By Ma Miaomiao · 2021-01-29 · Source: Web Exclusive
The Hong Kong Forum on U.S.-China Relations in session on January 26 (XINHUA)
Hong Kong would like to play a constructive role by leveraging its unique advantages, rather than being caught in geopolitical tensions, Chief Executive Carrie Lam said at a forum on China-U.S. relations on January 26.
The special administrative region has long been a gateway between the Chinese mainland and other parts of the world, Lam said, adding that its cooperation with the U.S. in business, trade and finance has been a success.
In 2019, their trade in goods reached $66 billion. The U.S. trade surplus in the same year amounted to more than $26 billion--the highest among its trading partners. Some 1,300 U.S. firms now operate in Hong Kong and 85,000 U.S. citizens live there.
U.S. banks and insurance companies, major players in Hong Kong's financial services sector, are poised to benefit as Hong Kong takes part in the reform and opening up of the mainland's capital market, Lam said.
With the new Joe Biden administration in the White House, "we hope relations between the world's two leading economies will start to improve, providing an impetus to global recovery," she said.
"Different social systems do not mean that the two countries will inevitably head toward confrontation," Zeng Peiyan, Chair of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, a Beijing-based think tank, said. "China has no intention of changing the U.S., let alone replacing it, and it is impossible for the U.S. to impose change on China unilaterally."
China and the U.S. should keep their trade deals and national security issues on separate tracks to avoid full-blown decoupling, Carlos Gutierrez, former U.S. Secretary of Commerce, said .
It complicates bilateral relations by relating trade and investment to geopolitics and national security, Gutierrez said, adding that the top priority for the Biden administration should be holding discussions to resolve trade disputes and reestablish communications so that the two nations can once again take their seats at the negotiating table.
He pointed out that this bilateral relationship should not be one based solely on transactions, but rather one that encourages a more strategic partnership improving areas of cooperation while avoiding friction. "When you call someone an enemy, they become your enemy. We are not an enemy of China, and I don't think China is an enemy of ours," Gutierrez said.
Carla Hills, former U.S. Trade Representative, echoed this notion by predicting changes in how the U.S. handles its international relations. "The tone in which we deal with all international governments, including China, will be more diplomatic," she said.
Comments to mmma@bjreview.com
• Hong Kong markets come out of 2020 stronger than ever: HKEX chairperson
• China urges Britain to abandon colonial mentality in Hong Kong issues
• The U.S. interest in Hong Kong is not for residents' welfare but to prop up its own waning influence
• Hong Kong to capitalize on "one country, two systems" advantage to contribute to China's "dual circulation" development
• Hong Kong unveils 1st action plan to reduce viral hepatitis


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These are this week's cases and convictions from Blackpool Magistrates' Court - Monday, January 17 - Friday, January 21, 2022
Brave Blackpool man drowned while trying to save suicidal woman off North Pier
Mary ponders unicorns, mermaids... and Eric writes Steve Canavan
It's happened.
By Suzanne Steedman
Thursday, 13th January 2022, 12:30 pm
Updated Thursday, 13th January 2022, 4:26 pm
My daughter Mary – who hasn't yet turned five – has announced she's got a boyfriend.
I picked her up from school the other day and, as I always do, spent five fruitless, frustrating minutes trying to glean some information about her day.
Standard conversation.
Me: "How did your day go?"
Her: 'Good'.
"What did you do – anything interesting?"
'Erm.' Now with normal people the word 'erm' suggests they're thinking, and that they will, very soon, follow it with several other words. In Mary's case she says nothing else. So I try again.
"What was the best part?"
'It was all good.'
"But anything in particular?"
At which point I generally give up and stick the radio on instead.
But on the journey home the other night, the conversation went a bit left-field.
Her: 'Good. Eric says I'm his girlfriend.'
After coughing violently and narrowly avoiding swerving the car into a tree, I replied, "what do you mean?"
'Well,' she said, 'we were playing a game in the playground where we had to run around pressing a pretend button on Arnold's arm and when we pressed it he made a funny noise, when Eric kissed me and told me I was his girlfriend.'
At this point, I actually did swerve off the road and hit a tree.
"Right," I said and then stopped because I wasn't sure what else to say, though I was already planning on working out where Eric lived, knocking on his door, making a brief but strong threat on his life, and telling him to stay well away from my girl.
'Daddy,' said Mary, popping a chocolate button into her mouth, 'what's a girlfriend?'
"Erm, well it's a," I started, "a sort of thing where you kind of … well, boys and girls, and that kind of thing, you know.'
Despite my excellent and concise explanation, she seemed puzzled.
'I don't know what you mean,' she said.
"Well," I said, regaining a bit of composure, "it's something that normally happens when you're a bit older but it's when a boy and a girl like each other and want to spend a bit more time with each other."
There was quite a lengthy silence at this point, but just as I hoped we could move on to a different topic – say the plot-line in the latest Paw Patrol cartoon – she said, 'I don't really want to spend any more time with him. Do I have to?'
"Well no," I said, 'but it's not anything to worry about. It's just a school thing. Anyway, you're lucky to have the boys liking you."
'But I prefer girls,' she announced, at which point I briefly wondered if this might be her way of telling me at the age of four that she was gay, but then decided this was unlikely.
"Why do you prefer girls?" I said though, just to check.
'Because they like unicorns and mermaids and boys don't.'
Which is a very fair point.
'Also, daddy,' she added, 'I don't really want Eric as my boyfriend because I'm going to marry my brother Wilf.'
Suppressing the temptation to give her a five-minute explanation about incest and why it isn't generally the done thing – unless you live in certain hippie communes in Tibet - I nodded and said, '"Well that's an excellent choice and Wilf loves you too."
She then went quiet for a few moments before asking another question – a question I think stemmed from a conversation the previous night about how you don't live with your parents forever.
'Daddy,' she said solemnly, as if it had been playing on her mind for a while, 'when I grow up is it me or you and mummy who have to move out of the house?'
Which made me think what a wonderful thing it would be for a teenager if, on their 18th birthday, the rules were that they inherited the family home and the parents had to relocate.
"No," I said gently, because I realised this was a serious moment and one she was possibly inwardly stressing and fretting about, "when you're grown up we throw you out and you have to walk the streets knocking on doors until someone else takes you in."
She went quiet for a long time and has been crying at regular intervals day and night since – but at least she's not mentioned having a boyfriend again, so every cloud.
* Heard a good joke this week.
Woman: Have you seen the dog bowl?
Husband: I didn't even know he liked cricket.


Eunice U, Nigerian Born US based International gospel recording artiste and songwriter, re-emerges on the gospel music scene with A New Song produced Dare David for Dvibes Media.
Eunice U, who has been extremely successful with her debut album, Happily Victorious, and previous releases such as Great Is Your Name and Ogheneme, comes with this amazing soft rock gospel track.
"Then your light will break out like the dawn, And your recovery will speedily spring forth; And your righteousness will go before you; The glory of the LORD will be your rear guard".
A new song to you.


This bag arrived on time. I do a lot of browsing, and read reviews.. The bag is exactly as it's pictured and met my expectations. Great quality, durable, cute, classy. I get compliments on this bag on a regular basis. Something I don't like about it is that insuring the bag's flap is closed sometimes requires precession, perhaps the snap in buttons aren't the best choice for the bag, but I expected this and can manage. Recommend!


Benjamin was greatly admired for his serious and dedicated approach to painting, his investment in those he chose to mentor and for being a truly kind soul.
Karl Benjamin in his studio, circa 1984. Courtesy of Louis Stern Fine Arts, reproduced by permission.
The Nation was saddened to hear of the recent death of California artist Karl Benjamin. His daughter Beth kindly wrote, wanting us to know that her father was a "long, long, long time supporter of The Nation and other progressive causes," and that "The Nation was one of the last things he was able to read as his eyes got worse."
A California resident all his adult life who taught at Pomona College and before that at Southern California public schools, Benjamin was a painter of dazzling geometric abstractions who established a national reputation in 1959 as one of four Los Angeles-based Abstract Classicists and then created an acclaimed body of work that celebrates the glories of color in all its hues and variations.
In a sweeping obituary in the Los Angeles Times, art critic Suzanne Muchnic explained that "working with a full palette and a vocabulary of stripes, squares, triangles, circles, rings and irregular shapes, he created tightly balanced compositions that seem to shimmer, vibrate or explode in space."
Benjamin's work then fell out of fashion in the 1970s and '80s, before making a dramatic comeback when his paintings suddenly looked fresh and smart to a new, younger generations of artists, critics and curators.
"In an art world that all too often brims with attitude, Karl was a man greatly admired for his serious and dedicated approach to painting, his investment in those he chose to mentor and for being a truly kind soul."


1a : a subdivision of a written composition that consists of one or more sentences, deals with one point or gives the words of one speaker, and begins on a new usually indented line The introductory paragraphs were written by the editor.
In the second paragraph from the bottom, you've misspelled "their" as "thier." Please refer to section 2, paragraph 4 for the appropriate information. The two introductory paragraphs were written by the editor.
These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'paragraph.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
What made you want to look up paragraph? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


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SmartEye is a distributed system of optical sensors which are installed on street lamps to reduce the energy consumption for public lighting and to provide interactive services for Smart City.
Thanks to the AI brain of the sensors it is possible to reach on average 49% of energy savings by adapting the lighting level of the road according to its real status, in terms of weather conditions, driving visibility and traffic flow.
The local sensors, perform the automatic on-board urban scene analysis and communicate with each other and with a remote server in wireless mode. The sensor network can be applied to outdoor lighting, urban mobility, social security and much more, both for public and private institutions.
The remote server allows storage, statistics, visualization, and interface with the street lamps remote control system.
The sensor network is distributed over the road and dynamically adapts its architecture to ensure the best performance.
Just plug it in the power line and enjoy. No need for expensive data communication and storage road cabling.
Different services with just one installation. Customize the sensor configuration that better fits your needs.
One sensor only for several applications. Costs are thus dramatically reduced for installation, integration and maintenance.
The Artificial Intelligence algorithms analyze autonomously the area, without need of human supervision.
Information is directly processed on-board, encrypted and then distributed along the System. Privacy is thus granted.
The provided services significantly reduce the waste of energy, thus reducing the CO2 emissions.
By using data from installations, SmartEye learns and predicts the traffic flow, the lighting profile, and the traffic lights cycle.


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Christie seals Maverick distribution agreement
Christie appointed Maverick Presentation Products, as a UK distributor, on June 3, 2008 in a bid to push into the corporate IT market. Maverick, part of the Tech Data Group, will offer UK resellers the full range of Christie's LCD and 1-chip DLP projection systems.
The distribution agreement is claimed to offer more resellers, active in the audiovisual market, access to Christie's leading product lines. In addition, Maverick said it can offer Christie partners pre- and post sales support.
Dale Miller, vice president EMEA for Christie said Maverick was "incredibly well-resourced and experienced".
"This agreement will increase Christie's presence in the market and make our solutions more accessible to partners throughout the UK. We're confident that this will be a positive move for us and for our partners," he added.
Jon Sidwick, director of Maverick said the agreement was "a significant breakthrough".
He concluded: "By adding the Christie's LCD and DLP offerings to our growing portfolio, we are extending the choice we offer to resellers addressing the professional sector."


ID1,655 / $1,790* (+2.0%) (weekly change). The number of week traded shares was 25.5bn and the weekly trading volume was ID32.3bn ($26.9mn).
Note: ISX will be closed during December 27, 2012 – January 6, 2013 due to the end-of-year closing operations. The last session of this year will be on Wednesday, December 26, 2012 and trading will resume on Monday January 7, 2013.
National Metallic Industries & Bicycles (IMIB) will hold AGM on December 17, 2012 to discuss 2011 financial results, and capital increase through 75% rights issue. ISX suspended trading of IMIB starting on December 11.
A cross transaction occurred on 750mn North Bank (BNOR) shares on December 11, 2012. This represents 0.4% of BNOR capital.
A cross transaction occurred on 13.5bn Mosul Bank for Investment (BMFI) shares on December 11, 2012. This represents 6.7% of BMFI capital.
Original shares of Babylon Bank (BBAY) resumed trading on December 9, 2012 after the decision to increase the capital from ID100bn to ID150bn through 4.592% bonus and 45.408% rights issues.
Karbala Hotels (HKAR) will hold AGM on December 16, 2012 to discuss 2011 financial results, the design of the new hotel project and capital increase through rights issue. ISX suspended trading of HKAR starting on December 9.


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To the extent the Federal Court rejected the relevance of non-infringing perindopril because the defendant sold perindopril, this conclusion was inconsistent with Monsanto Canada Inc. v. Schmeiser, 2004 SCC 34 where the Roundup Ready Canola sold by the defendant Schmeiser consisted entirely of the patented genes and the differential profit approach was nonetheless applied.
While Apotex Inc. v. Merck & Co. Inc., 2015 FCA 171 considered a claim for compensatory damages for patent infringement, the comments had equal application to an accounting for profits. In any event, the policy reasons noted by the Federal Court could not trump the requirement that an infringer's disgorged profit must be only the profit which is causally attributable to the invention.
The Federal Court's rejection of arguments advanced in Wellcome Foundation Ltd v. Apotex Inc., (1998) 151 FTR 250 could not stand for the reason that it is contrary to the application of the differential profit approach applied by the Supreme Court in Schmeiser.
In light of the factually complex evidentiary record before the Federal Court and the need to assess the credibility of the evidence, this issue was remitted to the Federal Court.
This decisions follows an original finding, in 2008, that Canadian Patent No. 1,341,196 (the "196 Patent"), which claims the drug perindopril, was valid and infringed by the defendant, Apotex (2008 FC 825, aff'd 2009 FCA 222). This liability judgment permitted the patentee to elect to claim either an accounting of the defendants' profits or all of the damages sustained as a result of the defendants' activities which infringed the 196 Patent. The patentee elected to recover the profits earned by reason of the infringing activities. After a long trial, the Federal Court determined the amount of the defendant's profits which were attributable to the infringing activity (2015 FC 721).
Apotex Inc. v. ADIR, Apotex Inc. v. Merck & Co. Inc., infringing activities, Monsanto Canada Inc. v. Schmeiser, non-infringing product, patent, profit recovery, Wellcome Foundation Ltd v. Apotex Inc.


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Meeting with Government members
Vladimir Putin held his final regular meeting with Government members for 2016 and congratulated them on the upcoming New Year holiday.
President of Russia Vladimir Putin: Good afternoon, colleagues.
Keeping with tradition, I want to congratulate you on the upcoming New Year holiday and say a few words about our work over this past year.
I won't be saying anything sensational if I say that despite the various difficulties, I think the Government has worked with maximum effect.
Yes, we are still seeing a slowdown to some extent, but the situation is day and night compared to the drop in GDP we experienced last year. We have every reason to believe now that we can get back on a growth track. It's important only to ensure that this growth is steady and increases from one year to the next.
Some of our macroeconomic results already signal changes for the better. It looks very likely that our inflation rate will be at its lowest in the last 25 years. In 2011, inflation stood at 6.1 percent. This year, it will be less than 6 percent. We can say confidently that the figure will probably be 5.8 percent.
There have been some positive developments in the real sector of the economy too, in sectors such as machine building and agriculture. This lays good foundations for resolving the tasks that we will have before us next year, in 2017. One of these tasks is most certainly to raise labour productivity, an essential basic condition for obtaining the GDP growth we need. We also need to continue structural transformation in the economy and make all possible efforts to implement the May 2012 executive orders, especially in the social sector.
The Government's most important achievement this year was to strike an optimum balance between addressing economic tasks and pursuing social development. This has not been easy, but overall, you have succeeded in finding this balance.
In 2017, we must continue implementing the executive orders, particularly those concerning wage rises for public sector employees. We must continue improving the business climate, and continue our efforts to reach our demographic and healthcare objectives.
This, of course, will require effective cooperation with our colleagues in the regions, as well as ongoing dialogue with the State Duma and the Federation Council deputies so as to combine our efforts and ensure a common understanding of shared goals. I want you to focus on precisely this kind of work together.
Let me conclude by giving you my best wishes for the upcoming New Year and thanking you for your work in 2017.
Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev Medvedev DmitryPrime Minister of the Russian Federation : Mr President, colleagues, first of all, I want to thank the President for his words just now and his review of the Government's work over this last year. He gave an assessment of what we have accomplished and the tasks ahead, particularly over the upcoming period.
Our priorities, as the President just said, remain unchanged. The President sets these priorities, in particular, in the Address to the Federal Assembly. They are based on the documents that form the foundations for our country's development, including the presidential executive orders of May 7, 2012.
These executive orders do indeed set a high yardstick for the state authorities' responsibility in the social sector. Despite the difficulties our economy faces, we must do our best to ensure that Government meets all of its commitments and that these executive orders' main goals are reached within the set timeframe.
The President just reminded us of these main objectives. They concern the entire system of social relations, including wages and other social sector indicators in areas such as healthcare and education. In short, they cover all of the most basic and essential areas for everyone in the country and all of the executive authorities' most important areas of work.
This year was not the easiest, but nonetheless, we see that the economy has more or less recovered and we have every reason to expect growth next year. This will give us better conditions for meeting the social commitments the Government and the authorities in general have before the people.
I support what the President said just now about the need for full-fledged dialogue with all political forces in the State Duma and the Federation Council, and for active cooperation with the regions, where the most important social tasks are being resolved.
The Government's task is to ensure the necessary coordination of work with all regions, so that people throughout the entire country know that their problems are at the centre of the executive authorities' attention.
The New Year holidays are ahead, but the Government does not have holidays and we will all be working during the upcoming break.
On behalf of the Government, I want to wish you success, Mr President, all the very best, and, of course, good health in 2017.
Publication date: December 19, 2016, 14:15
Last updated at December 19, 2016, 18:05


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Home / Podcast / Lord Boateng – Be prepared to be a disrupter
Episode #20: Lord Boateng – Be prepared to be a disrupter
In this episode, I talk to Lord Boateng who, as Paul Boateng, was a cabinet minister in the Blair Government as Chief Secretary to the Treasury.
Paul also served as the British High Commissioner to South Africa from 2005 to 2009 and entered the House of Lords in 2010. He is chairman of the Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund.
In this interview we talk about how he got to where he is, and what he's learned along the way. We talk about what needs to happen to make the process of government more effective, as well as some of the challenges around the future of both Britain and Africa.
Paul is hugely impressive, a politician with experience at the highest level and a pragmatic eye to what works and what doesn't. This was a valuable and entertaining interview.
The early events the shaped the life and perspective of the young Paul Boateng (1:36)
How Paul ended up going into law (7:00)
Early exposure to politics (10:22)
Paul's involvement in the Scrap Sus campaign and why he decided to seek elected office (13:28)
When Parliamentary ambitions rose to the fore, and why the ongoing legal practice was an early benefit (19:52)
The experience of government and the great challenge that needs to be overcome (27:10)
The single piece of legislation that Paul is most proud of from his time as Secretary to the Treasury (32:38)
The importance of identity and the consequence of forgetting it (34:56)
Why companies and government need to see their customers as citizens, not just as customers (39:22)
The work of the Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund, which came out of the Africa Commission (42:37)
The advantage of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, and the reason why Africa represents a market opportunity (48:14)
If there was one practical change Paul could make before hanging up his gloves (55:07)
What advice would Paul give to young changemakers who are just starting out? (57:25)
Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund Website
Richard Walker – The plain-speaking approach to sustainable business
Amy Clarke – Investing in impact
Anna Cain – Boxing clever for the youngsters failed by the system
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