Life coach Tony Robbins has revealed money isn't the key to happiness.
In an interview with CNBC's Make It, Robbins says it's what you do with the money that makes you happy.
"Lots of people get a billion dollars and they're not wealthy, because wealth is emotion, it's psychology, it's spirit, it's soul," Robbins shared, revealing it's how you help people that brings true happiness.
According to Robbins, the pleasure you gain from helping someone can be life-changing.
"You're going to find a giant shift, and that shift will change the way you do business, it will change the way you approach your family, it will change the way you feel about yourself and it'll give you the experience of wealth," he told Make It.


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BSMART Foundation Donates To P1 Students
The BSMART Foundation has donated school supplies for students entering P1 in government schools.
The BSMART Boxes initiative, which "provides all government P1 students on an equal footing with pencil cases filled with essential supplies," is now in its third year. This is a legacy project started in 2002 by the de-registered charity Bermuda Junior Service League.
"We were glad to be approached to take on this project. Providing students with essential supplies at the start of their educational journey is the focus of BSMART Foundation. By focusing on equalizing opportunity from the start together we can improve life chances from early childhood education," said Allison Figureido, BSMART Foundation's Executive Director.
"Being a past president of the Bermuda Junior Service League, this was project is close to my heart and I've been involved in it since 2005. I approached BSMART Foundation to adopt the project because I have seen the impact that it has to the students and to the teachers," said Verde Brown, BSMART Boxes Coordinator.
"We are grateful to the continued support of Chubb and FIL Ltd. Without their generosity, this great project could not continue. We are also thankful that the staff of FIL Ltd has adopted BSMART Boxes as a community service project. This is the 7th year that the staff of FIL Ltd has assembled and delivered the 500 pencil cases island wide," Mrs. Brown said.
"This year's efforts were extended to collaborate with Pembroke Rotary Club, where BSMART Boxes were included in the backpacks provided to the Foster Parents Association."
Devil's Hole Family Back To School Event
School Supplies Donated To Foster Children
Happy Valley Using iPads In The Classroom
'Back 2 School Giveaway' Set For This Weekend
Photos & Video: $240,000 School Donations
#BermudianChildren #CharityEvents #Education #GoodNews
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5 sites to book layby cruises online
Pay for your next holiday with interest-free payment options that will lead you straight into smooth sailings.
Taylor Lorenz
Find yourself booking your next cruise sooner than you think with these sites offering layby cruises with interest-free options and payment plans.
Each company has their perks for booking interest-free cruises such as flexibility with payments, low deposits or no deposits and cruises available for financing that are as low as $999. Keep in mind that as with any other loan or credit product, you could be paying interest and/or additional fees if you can't make timely payments.
1. Flight Centre
Book your next cruise with one of Australia's most-trusted travel booking sites, Flight Centre, and make interest-free payments with flexible payment plans.
Weekly, fortnightly and monthly payments options are available.
Interest-free financing available on cruises as low as $999.
Book last minute or in advance.
Go to Flight Centre website View coupon codes for Flight Centre
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Have unlimited cruise options available to you through CruiseAway without having to worry about paying entirely upfront.
Pay an initial deposit as low as $100, with sales sometimes discounting that further. Final payment for the cruise is due at least 65 days before you sail, but that could be longer depending on the cruise line.
Cruise doesn't need to be paid in full until 65 days prior to departure.
Payment plans available.
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A sailing holiday with Contiki is at your fingertips with the option to get your next trip as soon as a sale drops, even if you don't have the cash upfront.
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With zipmoney, pay your $1,000 or more holiday off from $40/month interest-free for the first six months plus up to a $99 establishment fee. Any remaining balance after six months will be charged interest.
Go to Contiki website View coupon codes for Contiki
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With flexible payment options and Lifetime deposits, G Adventures makes sure that you can always have an adventure lined up.
Only a $250 deposit is required when you initially book.
Take your time making payments up until 60 days prior to departure.
Lifetime deposits mean that you never lose your initial deposit even if you change your trip dates.
Go to G Adventures website View coupon codes for G Adventures
See the latest travel deals from these companies:
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Taylor Lorenz is a writer for Finder, focusing on travel content. She has previously written guides for World Nomads, Matador Network and the Huffington Post, and she also writes for her own travel blog, Taylor's Tracks. Taylor makes her way around the globe writing and beach hopping and can usually be found with a book and a cup of tea in hand.
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Susan Sarandon says some famous Bernie Sanders fans are nervous to voice their support for the presidential hopeful because they fear backlash from their Hollywood pals – or from Hillary.
For this article, Fox talked to former G.W. Bush staffer Brad Blakeman and he offered a condensed version of why this shouldn't come as a surprise to anyone.
Much like minority communities, the Democrats have taken Hollyweird for granted since before many of you were born. It's just assumed that the glitterati will always fall in line for the Democrats, and for the most part they certainly do. Every film, television series and awards show is riddled with liberal talking points and either oblique or overt slams of conservative values and the GOP in general. You will be endlessly lectured on the dangers of global warming and the need to compost your dinner leftovers by people who fly in private jets and keep fleets of gas guzzling limousines busy around the clock. As Blakeman notes, nearly every one of the Beautiful People who show up on the big screen will support any gun control effort that comes down the line, but don't try taking the Glocks out of the hands of their security guards. And boy oh boy are they on board with the Black Lives Matter movement. That is, at least until one of those black lives wants a job co-starring with them or working as an executive who greenlights big budget projects in Hollywood.
And if you want to go against the latest Candidate of Destiny selected by the establishment? Better watch your back, or the Clinton dynasty will be coming for you, at least in the view of Sarandon. The question which comes to my mind, however, is what does anyone in Hollywood have to fear from the Democrats in general or the Clintons in particular? In terms of a balance of power, this is one of the most unequal ones imaginable and none of it is on the side of the politicians. What would they do if a bunch of movie stars all backed Sanders? They rely on the left coast celebrities for massive donations and endorsements which might influence star struck fans. In return, Hollywood gets little if anything of substance. It's not as if Washington could get away with clamping down on or significantly regulating the television and film industries any more than they do now. There's no retribution coming if they fail to toe the line.
Perhaps it's been going on for so long that the stars just do it out of generational habit. But the perception is more powerful than the reality it seems, and most of Hollywood knows to stay out of Hillary's way. I suppose they deserve each other.


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Castings: £23m Cash Hoard Can't Disguise Worst H1 Results For 6 Years
Quick update on Castings (CGS).
Event: Interim results for the six months to 30 September 2016 published 11 November 2016
Summary: Earlier statements had already signalled lower earnings for 2016/17, and these results were in fact CGS's worst first-half figures for six years. The engineer still reckons lost work can be replaced, but the immediate outlook remains stagnant at best. The upcoming retirement of the chief executive brings some further uncertainty, too. Still, I don't think good companies become bad companies overnight and the group's long track record suggests a recovery will one day arrive. I continue to hold.
Shares in issue: 43,632,068
Market capitalisation: £170m
Click here for all my previous CGS posts
* These results were never going to be spectacular
June's satisfactory full-year figures had already warned these first-half numbers would not be great.
CGS said at the time that a "major contract" had finished at its machining division, and that the replacement work would not "come on stream immediately".
Then in August the group confessed within its AGM statement that it had "seen a softening in demand from our main customers".
In the event, first-half revenue dropped 11% while operating profit plunged 26%.
Notably, revenue at the main foundry division slipped by only £1m to £54.2m, while the associated foundry profit was reduced by just £0.7m to £6.2m.
A continued shift towards higher-value "more complex, machined parts" helped shore up that division's performance.
However, the loss of the aforementioned major contract pushed revenue at the machining division down from almost £10m to less than £4m. Divisional profit crumbled from £2.6m to only £0.8m.
At least CGS reaffirmed the downturn should be temporary: "The introduction of replacement work remains on course for 2017/18 onwards".
Although the group did counter that by admitting: "The pre-production costs associated with this work is impacting the current financial year."
All told, it was CGS's worst H1 performance since 2010/2011.
* Cash flow, balance sheet and pension scheme
At least CGS continues to boast a cash-flush balance sheet.
Despite paying a welcome £13m/30p per share special dividend during the half, cash in the bank remained at a sizeable £23m, or 53p per share.
However, I note capital expenditure during the six months was a hefty £7m — no doubt due to those aforementioned "pre-production costs" in readiness for the replacement machining work.
To put that £7m H1 capex into perspective, expenditure on tangible assets averaged £8m a year between 2013 and 2016.
The books continue to carry no debt as well as a pension-scheme surplus (almost £15m at the last count).
As I have mentioned previously, the pension trustees have agreed to hand some of the scheme's money back to CGS. It looks as if the amount to be returned has increased to £8m (my bold):
"The pension schemes are related parties of the group and during the period £919,000 (2015 – £1,139,000) was paid by the group on behalf of the schemes in respect of pension payments and administration costs.
At 30 September 2016 of the outstanding balance of £8,067,000 (2015 – £6,811,000), £3,383,000 (2015 – £5,677,000) is classified as a non-current other receivable and is repayable in three equal annual instalments commencing on 30 November 2017. Payments made by the company on behalf of the schemes in the current period are repayable on 30 November 2017."
I am still unsure as to why CGS continues to pay money into the pension scheme when it is due to receive a refund.
I did my best to deduce what is going on within this earlier Comment (point 5).
* Appointment of a new chief executive
CGS will appoint a new chief executive next year:
"Director changes
Our Chief Executive, David Gawthorpe, has indicated that he wishes to retire at the end of this financial year ending 31 March 2017. In accordance with the group's succession planning, Adam Vicary, Managing Director of Castings Brownhills, will assume the role of Chief Executive thereafter."
Mr Gawthorpe has been a CGS employee since 1984, chief executive since 2007 and the lead executive since 2015.
So I must say, it is a shame such a seasoned director has decided to retire.
Nonetheless, his successor, Adam Vicary, appears to be a useful replacement. In particular, Mr Vicary has worked for foundry businesses since the age of 20 (he is now 48).
Mr Vicary joined Chamberlin & Hill in 1988 and took charge of its foundry division in 2001. He then moved to CGS during 2010 and has since managed its foundry operations.
The foundry operations at CGS have increased their revenue and profit by about 20% since Mr Vicary's arrival. I hope that performance is a positive omen for his stint as group chief executive.
The trailing £16.7m annual operating profit after 20% standard tax gives earnings of £13.4m or 30.7p per share.
After subtracting the aforementioned 53p per share cash position from the 390p share price, my estimate of CGS's enterprise value (EV) comes to 337p per share or £147m.
Dividing that 337p per share EV by my 30.7p per share EPS calculation gives a multiple of 11.
That rating does not look wildly expensive to me, assuming earnings do indeed recover during the next year or two as the replacement machining work eventually comes though.
In the meantime, though, CGS reckons the second half may mirror the first:
"Whilst we do not anticipate any significant further reductions in output, we do not expect to see any improvement for the remainder of the financial year."
At least CGS has recovered from worst setbacks before. During the 2008/09 banking crash, operating profit fell from £15m to as low as £4m…
…and yet by 2015, operating profit had rebounded to £19m.
Finally, the interim dividend was unsurprisingly held at 3.38p per share to leave the trailing full-year payout at 13.71p per share. That payment supports a 3.5% income.
Disclosure: Maynard owns shares in Castings.
Categories Castings, My Shares
World Careers Network: Brexit Boost Could Support Cash-Adjusted P/E Of Just 5
Record: High Margin, High Yield… And High Time New Clients Were Found
1 thought on "Castings: £23m Cash Hoard Can't Disguise Worst H1 Results For 6 Years"
Castings (CGS)
Results afterthought:
I thought it a bit odd that there was no mention of the financial impact of Brexit or exchange rates in today's report. The accounting small-print did not reveal any foreign-exchange gains, so perhaps there has been no effect.
I noted in point 7 of this Comment that CGS's disclosure about foreign-exchange movements was disappointing. Two-thirds of revenue during 2016 came from abroad.


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Ben Miles
di and viv and rose - west end transfer - 29th january 2015
2014 laurence olivier awards - winners - 13th april 2014
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rope - after party - 16th december 2009
2009 evening standard theatre awards - 23rd november 2009
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Ben Miles and Gina Bellman at di and viv and rose, west end transfer on 29th january 2015
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UPASENA AND 8 OTHERS vs. ATTORNEY GENERAL
034-SLLR-SLLR-2006-V-3-UPASENA-AND-8-OTHERS-vs.-ATTORNEY-GENERAL.pdf
(2006) 3 Sri L R.
UPASENA AND 8 OTHERSVS.ATTORNEY GENERALCOURT OF APPEAL.
BALAPATABENDIJ (P/CA)
BASNAYAKE J.,
C. A. 6-8/2003HC HAMBANTOTA 38/98SEPTEMBER 21. 22. 2005AUGUST 4, 2004OCTOBER 13, 2005
Penal Code – section 146/96, 32/296 – Unlawful assembly – Commonintention-Ingredients-Participatory presence as agent- Mere presence ? -Evidence Ordinance – section 27
Upasena and others vs. Attorney General
(Eric Basnayake, J. )
The accused-appellants (8) were charged under section 140, 146/296and section 32/196 for causing the death of one C. After trial all accusedwere found guilty of all the charges and death sentence was imposed (The4th accused died pending appeal)
It was contended in appeal that, the prosecution had failed to prove anunlawful assembly charge due to the reason that the accused meeting thedeceased was by chance and that there was no preplan. It was alsocontended that the accused is alleged to have used a lethal weapon. It wasfurther contended that, the accused were closely related to each other andthere was some animosity between them and the deceased.
The crime was committed at the, work place of the accused. Theaccused had a legitimate right to be present and to be in possessionof the stiles (the alleged weapon used).
If any member of a crowd had indulged in any act of arson, or violence,it cannot from such an individual act, be presumed that it was eitherthe common object or that every member of that crowd hadnecessarily shared the object of that individual who had committedthe act. In other words the acts of only a few individuals of such acrowd cannot be held to be common object of that crowd. Nor canevery member of that crowd be presumed to have shared the objectwith which such acts were committed by only a few members of thatcrowd.
• (3) If one becomes a member of an unlawful assembly and hisassociation in the unlawful assembly is clearly established hisparticipation in the commission of the offence by an overt act is notrequired to be proved if it could be known that he knew that suchoffence was likely to be committed in prosecution of the commonobject of the unlawful assembly.
(4) When the injuries caused are cumulatively sufficient to cause death,it is necessary before holding each of the accused guilty under section
Sri Lanka Lam Reports
296 read with section 146 to find that the common object of theunlawful assembly was to cause death or that the members of theunlawful assembly knew it to be likely that an offence under section296 could be committed in prosecution of the common object.
In the instant case there is no evidence that all the accusedentertained a common object to cause injuries to the deceased.The prosecution had failed to prove an unlawful assembly charge-all accused would be acquitted from the unlawful assembly charge.
Held Further:
To make an accused liable under section 32 there should beevidence of a prearranged plan or pre concert to make the accusedvicariously liable with the doer of the act for the criminal act. There isinsufficient evidence to maintain a charge under common intentionagainst the 5-9 accused, but there is evidence of a pre plan againstthe 1st, 2nd accused-appellants who are relatives.
In the absence of an explanation the Court is entitled to draw thereasonable inference from all the circumstances that his presence(3rd accused) at the scene was a participatory presence and not amere presence, which would have entitled him to an acquittal.
"They also serve who only stand and wait" has to be regarded asapplying not to a bystander, who merely shares mentally the criminalintention of others, but to a person whose act of standing and waitingitself as a criminal act is a series of criminal acts done in furtheranceof the common intention of all.
Appeal from the judgment of the High Court of Hambantota.
Cases referred to :-
In re Ambelavana – 1982 1 SCR 271
Mythu Naicker vs State of Tamil Nadu — 1979 1 SCJ 194 at 199
Sarwan Singh vs State of Punjah – 1979 – 1 SCJ 157 at 159-60
(Eric Basnayake, J.)
Swarm Singh Shri vs State of Himachal Pradesh -1984 Sim LL'122
Narayan Singh vs State of Madhya Pradesh 1985-1 Cr LR 404 (SC)
Jai Ram vs State of Rajastan 1985 RLW 490
Balkar Sijnghe vs State of Punjab 1994 Cr LR (SVI) 389 at 391
Lakhu Singhe vs State of Rajasthan — 1997-(4) Crimes 241 at 252,253
Mahbub Shah vs Emperor-1925-A1118
King vs Ranasinghe – 47 NLR 373
King vs Piyadasa-48 NLR 295
King vs Assappu — 50 NLR 324
Queen vs Mahatun — 61 NLR 540
Queen vs Vincent Fernando – 65 NLR 265
In Re RomLochan – 1956-A1 &76
Richard vs State 76 NLR 534 at 546
King vs Endoris – 46 NLR 498 at 499
Barendra Kumar Gosh vs Emperor— 1925 – AIR PC 1
Dr. Ranjith Fernando with Ms. Deshani Jayatilake, Amila Udayanganifor 1, 2, 8 and 9 accused appellants.
Ranjith Abeysuriya PC with Thanuja Rodrigo for 3rd accused-appellant
S. Wijesinghe PC with Kaushalya Molligoda and WasanaWickremasena for 5, 6 and 7 appellants. •
Kapila Waidyaratne Deputy Solicitor General for Attorney General.
APPEAL from the Judgment of the High Court of Ampara.
(2006) 3 Sri LR.
ERIC BASNAYAKE, J.The nine accused appellants (accused) were charged in the HighCourt of Hambantota under sections 140,146/296 and 32/296 of thePenal Code for causing the death of Matara Gamage Chandrapaia on23.04.1982. After trial before a Judge, all the accused were found guiltyof all the charges and the accused were sentenced to six monthsimprisonment on the first charge and the death sentence imposed onthe other charges. The accused appealed against the conviction andthe sentences.
The trial commenced on 29.05.2000 eighteen years after the incident.Three eye withnesses gave evidence for the prosecution with regard tothe incident proper. They are Siripala, Leelawathie and Somawathie.The deceased was their brother. It has been clearly established thatthere was some enmity between the accused and the family membersof the deceased. The accused are all related to each other. The 1st andthe 2nd accused are brothers. The 3rd and 4th are brothers. The 4thaccused is now deceased. The 5th and the 6th accused are alsobrothers. The 7th accused is the father of the 5th and the 6th accused.The 8th and the 9th accused are also related to the other accused.
There was a land dispute in the District Court between the deceasedand the 7th accused. This dispute was decided in favour of the deceased.Over this, there was an altercation and one John was murdered. Thedeceased was taken into custody on suspicion and was remanded. Atthe time of the present incident the deceased had just been releasedon bail.
The incident occurred on a paddyfield. The extent of the field is morethan 60 acres. The several plots of land belonged to different persons.The 7th accused too owned a plot. This was during harvesting time.The farmers at this time are usually engaged in cutting, bundling andthreshing paddy at different places in the field. The threshing is done
by tractors. Thereafter the straw is separated from the seeds with theaid of long strong sticks used specially in the paddyfields. They areabout five and a half feet long and made of hard wood. They are called"dathigaha" in the village.
On the day of the incident the deceased was engaged in carryingbundles of paddy to a threshing floor. To reach this place the deceasedhad to pass the plot belonging to the 7th accused. There was someactivity in this plot too. Threshing was dbne in this plot with the help ofa four wheeled tractor. The 1 st to the 9th accused together with someothers were working on this plot at that time.
There is a discrepancy with regard to the time the accused arrivedat the field. Siripala had arrived at the field with the deceased around2.30 or 3 p. m. Siripala states in his evidence that the accused were atthe field when Siripala came to work.Leelawathie states that the accusedcame at 4 p. m. There is no evidence with regard to the manner inwhich the accused came to the field, that is, whether they came togetheror separately. Anyhow there is evidence to suggest that a four wheeledtractor was engaged in the threshing of paddy. In addition to this tractor •there were others also working in this plot. Therefore there is no evidencethat the accused had come together on finding out that the deceasedwas working in the field and set upon him. At the time of this incidentwhich took place around 4.30 p. m. the deceased had made severaltrips carrying bundles of paddy to a threshing floor situated near theland belonging to the 7th accused.
With regard to the sequence there is a disparity between the evidenceof Siripala on the one hand and Leelawathie and Somawathie on theother. According to Leelawathie and Somawathie, while the deceasedwas carrying a bundle of paddy on his head, the 2nd accused hit thedeceased on his leg with one of the sticks referred to earlier, to whichthe deceased fell on the ground. Somawathie stated that the 2ndaccused hit the deceased several times. Thereafter that the 1 st accusedshot the deceased at close range. That the 2nd accused then havingsat on the back of the deceased stabbed him. The 1st accused
(2006) 3 Sri LR
threatened to shoot if the witnesses came closer. These two witnessesstated that 3 to 9 accused were armed with sticks and hit the deceasedwith them one after another. Siripala said that it was the 3rd accusedwho hit the deceased on the leg and thereafter stabbed him.
Medical evidenceThe doctor who held the post mortem found 17 injuries on the body.Out of this Nos. 11 to 17 were gun shot injuries on the back of the left-shoulder. The shoulder blade was found fractured. Injury No. 1 was alaceration found on the left leg. The underneath tibia bone was foundfractured. Nos. 5, 7, 8 & 9 were stab wounds. Nos. 7 to 9 were found onthe back of the chest while injury No. 5 was on the head. Injuries 7 to9 had penetrated in to the chest cavity and as a result half a pint ofblood had collected. These three injuries were sufficient, in the ordinarycourse of nature, to cause death. Injuries 2 and 3 were abrasions foundon the knee and below the knee of both legs. These injuries had probablyresulted due to a fall. Nos. 4, 6 and 10 were lacerations. They aresimple injuries, skin deep, found on the back and side of the head.
According to the evidence of the witnesses injuries 11 to 17 werecaused by the 1 st accused. According to Leelawathie and Somawathiethe stabbing was done by the 2nd accused. Leelawathie andSomawathie had gone to the police station immediately after the incidentleaving others to take the injured to hospital. Leelawathie's statementwas recorded by the police at 5 p. m. on the day of the incident. Thestabbing was done with a knife marked P6. P6 was recovered on asection 27 statement of the 2nd accused. Injuries 5, 7, 8 and 9 aresaid to have been caused with this weapon and attributed to the 2ndaccused. Injuries 2 and 3 being abrasions caused due to a fall, doubtremains only as to lacerations Nos. 4, 6 and 10 found on the head.
Submissions of the counsel appearing for 1st, 2nd, 8th & 9thaccusedThe learned counsel appearing for the above accused submitted that
the prosecution had failed to prove an unlawful assembly charge due tothe reason that the accused meeting the deceased was by chance andthat there was no pre-plan. He further submitted that the 1st accusedcaused firearm injuries only to the shoulder and the 2nd accused causedinjuries to the legs and therefore the 1 st and the 2nd accused could beconvicted only for culpable homicide not amounting to murder. Withregard to the 8th and 9the accused the learned counsel submitted thatthey should be discharged due to lack of evidence.
Submissions of the counsel appearing for the 3rd accusedThe learned President's Counsel appearing for the 3rd accused alsosubmitted that the attack on the deceased was not a pre-conceivedone. Hence that the unlawful assembly charge should fail. It was thesubmission of the learned President's Counsel that this accused isalleged to have used not a lethal weapon of offence but an agriculturalimplement with which he had been working at the time. He submittedthat on the prosecution evidence the appropriate finding against the 3rdaccused should be that he caused hurt to the deceased even on a totalacceptance of their evidence and to find him guilty of a charge undersection 314 of the Penal Code. The learned President's Counselrefrained from mentioning the recovery of the gun.
Submissions of the counsel appearing for 5th, 6th and 7thaccusedThe learned President's Counsel appearing for the above accusedsubmitted that the accused were working in their own paddy field andthe deceased went pass that field. Further that the "dathigaha" allegedto have been used was an implement of their trade. He further submittedthat the accused 5 to 9 did not charge towards the deceased as theysaw him. The accused were closely related to each other and therewas some animosity between them and the deceased. This was thereason to implicate everyone who was with them. He submitted that ifat all, 5 to 7 accused could be convicted only for individual acts allegedto have been committed by them.
Unlawful AssemblyAccording to all three prosecution witnesses the presence of 1st to9th accused is established (although an alibi was put forward by the6th accused and a denial by 5th and 8th accused). At the same time,it is not in dispute that the 7th accused had a plot of land in this paddyfield. The incident took place by this plot of land. At that time theaccused appear to have been engaged in threshing paddy with the aidof a four wheel tractor. In addition to the accused there were others whowere working in this plot of land.
the deceased and was not armed with a stick. Leelawathie stated that3 to 9 accused hit the deceased with sticks one after another. Shestated that the 3rd accused hit the deceased on the head. At one timeshe said that all the accused hit the deceased with sticks. Somawathiealso stated that after the stabbing the 3rd accused hit the deceasedwith a stick and thereafter others hit him with sticks. Apart from theinjuries caused by thelst and the 2nd accused, the other remaininginjuries are the three lacerations found on the head namely Nos. 4,6and 10. They are simple injuries skin deep. If six or seven accused hitthe deceasd with sticks, the deceased would have received more severeinjuries than the ones described by the doctor. The injuries caused bythe 1st and the 2nd accused are supported by medical evidence.
Submissions of the StateThe learned Deputy Solicitor-General in his submissions does notdispute the vague reference made to 5 to 9 accused by the threewitnesses (4th accused is deceased). The learned counsel submittedthat 3 to 9 accused had been members of an unlawful assembly knowingthat an offence is likely to be committed in prosecution of the commonobject.
Evidence against 5 to 9 accusedSiripala said that after the stabbing 4 to 9 accused assaulted thedeceased with sticks. Once he stated that "others hit with stick" Again
According to Siripala the 3rd accused stabbed
he stated that "everyone hit with sticks"
Upasena and Others vs Attorney General
The accused were said to be armed with sticks. These sticks wereused to turn the hay. There is no evidence of any plan that the 4th to9th accused had with the 1 st to 3rd accused. There is no evidence thgtthere was a common object to cause injury to the deceased. Althoughthe deceased was suspected of the murder of John and the 7th ac-cused had a land dispute with the deceased, that in itself is not conclu-sive proof that these accused had a common object to injure the de-ceased. The common object has to be clear although each accusedneed not know whether the other accused knew the object. If there wasno such object then these accused were in the paddy field legitimately.They were not armed with weapons but instruments that help them todischarge their work effectively. However even a stick might be used insuch a way as to cause death and each case should depend on itsown facts In Re. Ambalavanar.(1)
The accused had not gone in to the field worked by the deceasedand to that extent they were not aggressors. The learned President'sCounsel appearing for 5 to 7 accused suggests that these accusedhave been implicated as they happened to be there.
This crime was committed at the work place of the accused. Theaccused therefore had a legitimate right to be present and to be inpossession of the sticks. When 5 to 9 accused became aware that acrime was being committed should they have left the crime scene toavoid an unlawful assembly charge being framed against them ?
In Mythu Naicker vs. State of Tamil Nadu (2) at 199-(mentioned inGour's Penal Law of India 11th Edition Vol. 2 Pg. 1420) the intention ofthe crowd was not to commit criminal trespass, arson, loot or damageor any other act of this nature. Responsible Officers had tried to pacifythis crowd but it had become uncontrollable. If any member of suchcrowd had indulged in any act of arson or violence, it cannot from suchan individual act, be presumed that it was either the common object ofthe crowd or that every member of that crowd had necessarily sharedthe object of that individual who had committed the act. In other wordsthe acts of only a few individuals of such a crowd cannot be held to be
the common object of that crowd. Nor can every member of that crowdbe presumed to have shared the object with which such acts werecommitted by only a few members of that crowd.
If one becomes a member of an unlawful assembly and his associa-tion in the unlawful assembly is clearly established, his participation inthe commission of the offence by an overt act is not required to beproved if it could he shown that he knew that such offence was likely tobe committed in prosecution of the common object of the unlawful as-sembly. But while finding out whether a person was a curious specta-tor or a member of an unlawful assembly, it is necessary to keep inmind the life in a village, ordinarily uneventful, except for small squabbleswhere the village community is faction ridden, and when a serious crimeis committed where people rush to the scene just to quench their thirstto know what is happening.
It has also been held that when the injuries caused are cumulativelysufficient to cause death, it is necessary before holding each of theaccused guilty under section 302 (section 296 of the Sri Lanka PenalCode) read with section 149 (section 146 of tfie Penal Code) to findthat the common object of the unlawful assembly was to cause deathor that the members of the unlawful assembly knew it to be likely thatan offence under section 302 I. P. C. could be committed in prosecu-tion of the common object. (Sarwan Singh vs. State of Punjab (3) at159-60; Swarn Singh Shri vs. State of Himachal Pradesh; NarayanSingh vs. State of M. P. (5) Jai Ram vs. State of Rajastani6) BalkarSinghe vs. State of Punjab,(7) at 391; Lakhu Singhe vs. State ofRajastanw at 252, 253 mentioned in Gour's Penal Law of India pg. 1409.
In the instant case, apart from the fact that the accused are relatedto each other, there is no evidence to establish that the accused 5 to 9knew what the 1st and the 2nd accused were about to commit. Thereis evidence to suggest that they all worked together. Could we draw aninference from this that the other accused knew that the 1st and the2nd accused were armed with a gun and a knife ? The gun was said tobe a short one and marked P1 at the trial. Apart from what took place
in the paddy field, the relationships among the accused and the enmityover the murder of John, there is no other evidence to connect the 5thto 9th accused to the crime. There is no evidence that all the accusedentertained a common object to cause injuries to the deceased. There-fore I am of the view that the prosecution had failed to prove an unlawfulassembly charge in this case. Hence all the accused are acquittedfrom the first two charges.
Common Intention
The accused were also found guilty under section 296 read withsection 32 of the Penal Code. With regard to the 5th to 9th accusedthe evidence available is that they too hit the deceased with sticks.Due to the same reasons I have mentioned earlier I am of the view thatthe evidence is insufficient to maintain a charge under common inten-tion against the 5th to 9th accused. Therefore the 5th to 9th accusedare acquitted.
Evidence against the 1st and 2nd accused
In order to justify the inference that a particular prisoner was actu-ated by a common intention with the doer of the act, there must beevidence direct or circumstantial, either of pre-arrangement, or a pre-arranged plan, or a declaration showing common intention or someother significant fact at the time of the commission of the offence, toenable them to say that a co-accused had a common intention with thedoer of the act" King vs. Assappu at 324. Both in India and Ceylon (SriLanka), the courts have accepted the principle that to make an ac-cused liable under section 32 of the Penal Code there should be evi-dence of a pre-arranged plan or pre-concert to make the accused vi-cariously liable with the doer of the act for the criminal act. Alles Jcited the Privy Council judgment in Mahbub Shah vs. Emperor™ whereit said "Common intention implies a pre-arranged plan. To convict theaccused of an offence applying section 34 it should be proved that thecriminal act was done in concert pursuant to the prearranged plan. It isno doubt difficult if not impossible to procure direct evidence to prove
the intention of the individual; it has to be inferred from his act or con-duct or other relevant circumstances of the case'. Continuing Alies J.said 'the principle in Mahabud Shah's case has been applied in casesof direct evidence. Invariably in such cases the material question iswhether or not there was evidence of a pre-arranged plan among theassailants, where the facts disclose that assailants set upon their vic-tim and assaulted him in pursuance of which he was injured or receivedfatal injuries; King vs. Ranasinghe(10) at 375, Piyadasa(,1) Assapu{,2);Mahatun<'3); Queen vs. Vincent Fernando(U).
I have already set out in detail the evidence against the 1 st and 2ndaccused. Considering the evidence against these two accused thereappears to be clear evidence of a pre-plan. The 2nd accused first hitthe deceased to fall. After he fell on the ground the 1 st accused wentnear the deceased and fired a shot. He wanted to make sure that he hitthe target. Seven pellet wounds were found on the left side of the shoul-der as a result. Injuries 11 to 17 were not sufficient to cause death inthe ordinary course of nature. He was not dead yet. Then the 2nd ac-cused having sat on the deceased stabbed him. There were four stabinjuries out of which three were said to be sufficient to cause death inthe ordinary course of nature. When the witnesses got closer the 1staccused threatened to shoot them, and prevented the injured from be-ing taken for treatment. Thereafter the accused had left the scene. Thepolice could not find them at their residences for two days and untilsuch time as they surrendered to the police.
"If two persons took part in the assault on the deceased in further-ance of the common criminal purpose of causing the death of the de-ceased and one of them struck the fatal blow, even if it was not theaccused, then the accused will be guilty of murder". In Romlochan(1S)quoted by Alies J in Richard's(,6)
Section 32 of the Penal Code states that "when a criminal act isdone by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all,each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if itwere done by him alone".
CAUpasena and Others vs. Attorney General285
Section 294 of the Penal Code states that "except in the cases
hereinafter excepted, culpable homicide is murderThirdly – If it is
done with the intention of causing bodily injury to any person, and thebodily injury intended to be inflicted is sufficient in the ordinary courseof nature to cause death. Illustration (c) is that "A intentionally gives Za sword cut or club wound sufficient to cause death of a man in theordinary course of nature. Z dies in consequence. Here A is guilty ofmurder although he may not have intended to cause Z's death".
Considering the above facts and the fact that the 1st and the 2ndaccused are relations, an inference could safely be drawn that thesetwo accused had a common plan to commit this crime. Therefore theconviction of these two accused on the 3rd charge is affirmed and theappeals of these two accused are dismissed.
3rd accused
Although it was Siripala's evidence that the 3rd accused hit thedeceased and thereafter stabbed him, this evidence has been rightlyrejected by the learned High Court Judge. The learned High Court Judgeappears to have accepted the evidence of the two sisters who wereworking at this field and who arrived at the scene while their brotherwas attacked. According to their evidence the 3rd accused hit the de-ceased with a stick. One of them stated that the 3rd accused hit thedeceased on the head. The three lacerations, namely, injury nos. 4, 6& 10 were found on the head. However the evidence with regard to theattack on the deceased with sticks by all the accused appear to bevague. The medical evidence does not support such.
Even if the court disregards the above evidence, the presence of thisaccused has been well established. There is another piece of evidenceagainst this accused, namely, the recovery of the gun under section 27of the Evidence Ordinance. The gun was marked P1. This accused hadall the reason to take part in this crime, being a brother of John,who was allegedly murdered by the deceased. After the crime wascommitted this accused too had absconded for a period of two days
(2006) 3 Sri L R
and surrendered to the police thereafter. Before passing the sentencetoo, this accused had absconded again and appeared in court on an-other day. The 3rd accused gave no explanation in court with regard tothe incriminating evidence adduced against him. He remained silent.
Alles J in Richard vs. State (supra) at 546 said "that in the absenceof explanation … entitled to draw the reasonable inference from all thecircumstances that his presence at the scene was a "participatorypresence" as distinguished from a mere presence which would haveentitled him to an acquittal". In King vs Endoris (,7,at 499 Soertsz ACJwas of the view that in the circumstances of the case it was essentiallyone in which the third appellant should have given an explanation of hispresence at the scene. In this case the 3rd appellant did not take anactive part in the actual attack on the deceased. He was present at thescene armed with a club at the time two shots were fired by the 1st and2nd appellants and he fled with them after the shooting. "They alsoserve who only stand and wait" has to be regarded as applying not to abystander, who merely shares mentally the criminal intention of others,but to a person whose act of standing and waiting is itself a criminal actin a series of criminal acts done in furtherance of the common intentionof all" Lord Summer in Barendra Kumar Gosh vs. Emperor<ia> cited byAlles J. in Richard vs. State, (supra)
The third accused is a cousin brother of the 1st and the 2nd ac-cused. The third accused was present at the scene of the crime. Evenif the evidence of assault by the 3rd accused on the deceased is notconsidered, the fact of the 3rd accused absconding after the incidentand hiding the gun that was used and the fact of his silence against allthis evidence would make the court draw an inference against the ac-cused with regard to a pre-arranged plan with the 1st and the 2ndaccused. Inference of common intention should never be reached un-less it is a necessary inference deducible from the circumstances ofthe case (Mahabub Shah's). The presence of this accused would nec-essarily amount to a participatory presence. Therefore this appeal hasno merit. Hence this appeal is dismissed.
CA Wannigama Vs Incorporated Council of Legal Education and others 287
Appeals of the 1st, 2nd 3rd accused appellants are dismissed. Theappeals of the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th & 9th accused are allowed and the 5th,6th, 7th, 8th and 9th accused are acquitted.
BALAPATABENDIJ.—I agree.Appeal of 1,2,3 allowed appeals dismissed appeals of5,6,7,8,9- allowed 5th, 7th, 8th; 9th and acquitted.
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text:
Le qualificazioni del singolare  del Gerry Weber Open 2014 sono state un torneo di tennis preliminare per accedere alla fase finale della manifestazione. I vincitori dell'ultimo turno sono entrati di diritto nel tabellone principale. In caso di ritiro di uno o più giocatori aventi diritto a questi sono subentrati i lucky loser, ossia i giocatori che hanno perso nell'ultimo turno ma che avevano una classifica più alta rispetto agli altri partecipanti che avevano comunque perso nel turno finale.

Teste di serie
Le prime sei teste di serie hanno ricevuto un bye per il secondo turno.

  Andrej Kuznecov (Qualificato)
  Pierre-Hugues Herbert (Qualificato)
  Ričardas Berankis (Secondo torno)
  Albano Olivetti (ultimo turno)

  Illja Marčenko (Qualificato)
  Marco Chiudinelli (secondo turno)
  Jan Hernych (secondo turno)
  Alex Bolt (secondo turno)

Qualificati

  Andrej Kuznecov
  Pierre-Hugues Herbert

  Illja Marčenko
  Mate Pavić

Tabellone

Sezione 1

Sezione due

Sezione tre

Sezione quattro

Collegamenti esterni

Gerry Weber Open 2014
ATP World Tour 2014

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


June brings the fourth season of the Orange is the New Black: Season 4, which has become signature series for Netflix, the latest Netflix original movie The Fundamentals of Caring starring Paul Rudd and Craig Roberts, and Spotlight, the Oscar-winning drama about the Boston Globe's investigation into the Catholic Church's cover-up of child abuse by the clergy. Netflix launches its first live-action Japanese language series Hibana: Spark and the new time-travel series for teens and tweens Best Friends Whenever, plus new seasons of its popular kid's shows All Hail King Julien: Season 3 and Dragons: Race to the Edge. Other new arrivals include Jurassic Park and its first two sequels, Clint Eastwood's J. Edgar with Leonardo Di Caprio, the addictive Shondaland TV shows Scandal: Season 5 and Grey's Anatomy: Season 12, and Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.: Season 3.
Here's Netflix's list of what's arriving on the service this month, and what's leaving.


Since the orbits of the planets are ellipses, let us review a few basic properties of ellipses.
that defines the ellipse in terms of the distances a and b.
2. The amount of "flattening" of the ellipse is termed the eccentricity. Thus, in the following figure the ellipses become more eccentric from left to right. A circle may be viewed as a special case of an ellipse with zero eccentricity, while as the ellipse becomes more flattened the eccentricity approaches one. Thus, all ellipses have eccentricities lying between zero and one.
The orbits of the planets are ellipses but the eccentricities are so small for most of the planets that they look circular at first glance. For most of the planets one must measure the geometry carefully to determine that they are not circles, but ellipses of small eccentricity. Pluto and Mercury are exceptions: their orbits are sufficiently eccentric that they can be seen by inspection to not be circles.
3. The long axis of the ellipse is called the major axis, while the short axis is called the minor axis. Half of the major axis is termed a semi-major axis.
The length of a semi-major axis is often termed the size of the ellipse. It can be shown that the average separation of a planet from the Sun as it goes around its elliptical orbit is equal to the length of the semi-major axis. Thus, by the "radius" of a planet's orbit one usually means the length of the semi-major axis.
Kepler obtained Brahe's data after his death despite the attempts by Brahe's family to keep the data from him in the hope of monetary gain. There is some evidence that Kepler obtained the data by less than legal means; it is fortunate for the development of modern astronomy that he was successful. Utilizing the voluminous and precise data of Brahe, Kepler was eventually able to build on the realization that the orbits of the planets were ellipses to formulate his Three Laws of Planetary Motion.
II. The line joining the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times as the planet travels around the ellipse.
In this equation P represents the period of revolution for a planet and R represents the length of its semi-major axis. The subscripts "1" and "2" distinguish quantities for planet 1 and 2 respectively. The periods for the two planets are assumed to be in the same time units and the lengths of the semi-major axes for the two planets are assumed to be in the same distance units.
which is indeed the observed orbital period for the planet Pluto.


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The Hobbit set burns down
By Charlotte Duck
The set of The Hobbit, the prequel to the hugely successful Lord Of The Rings, has reportedly burned down. Peter Jackson had started pre-production on the film but suffered a setback as the set in New Zealand was engulfed in flames. It took 50 firefighters three hours to quell the blaze in Wellington. The cause of the fire is unknown although there are rumours that it may be arson following recent conflicts with actors' unions over reportedly low pay. Shooting is set to start early in 2011 although it is unclear whether this recent incident will delay this. Cate Blanchett, Ian McKellen and Andy Serkis are slated to return.
SOURCE: DIGITAL SPY
Jodie Turner-Smith is set to play Anne Boleyn in this new period drama (and on-set pictures have just been released!)
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Love the Netflix show, but haven't read the books? Here's a crash course.
The best dinnerware sets that will make you feel like a fully-fledged adult (and last for years)
And just like that, you've got your life together.
19 of the best daily planners and journals for 2021 - for everything from practicing gratitude to setting (and smashing) your goals
2021? Bring it on.


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Home Motorcycle Racing News MotoGP Jerez: Pedrosa's Podium Palace
MotoGP Jerez: Pedrosa's Podium Palace
Dani Pedrosa, winner of the MotoGP Spanish Grand Prix two seasons ago – 2008 – has an almost idyllic relationship with the Andalusia track, where over the years that he has been competing in Moto GP, he has never failed to finish on the podium; after reaping three second places and one motorcycle racing win.
Previously, in the samller categories, Pedrosa had taken two fourth places in 125cc and a win in 250cc in 2005. Therefore, in spite of the obvious problems that the Repsol Honda Team rider had with his setup in Qatar, Pedrosa is still one of the clear favorites to battle for victory this weekend in Jerez.
And although Andrea Dovizioso says that he is not particularly comfortable on the Andalusia track, his excellent start to the season should help him to reap another good result this weekend in Jerez in order to continue along the line of progress set out by him and his technical team.
His best road racing results at the Jerez circuit are a win and a second place in 125cc, two third places in 250cc and he has reaped two eighth places in MotoGP. After his hard-fought third place in the Qatar Grand Prix, Dovizioso and his team are sure to tackle this race as a great challenge and as a new chance to continue progressing with the evolution of the Honda RC212V.
Dani Pedrosa says: "Jerez is always a very special race for the Spanish riders and I'm really looking forward to this weekend. We didn't have the best start to the season in Qatar, and in Japan we couldn't race due to the problems caused by the volcano, but I hope in Jerez, with the atmosphere, which is always fantastic, and the characteristics of the circuit, the situation can be different."
"I'm determine that we make improvements from the first practice onwards – unlike Qatar where we struggled a lot throughout the weekend – and that we'll be able to go fast right from the start. I would really like to feel more comfortable with the bike and get a good result here. Our rivals are very strong and I'm sure they want to make the most of their advantage, so we have to work very hard to get to their level and be able to fight with them from the beginning to the end of the race. In Jerez we will try some changes to the chassis so that the bike is not so nervous and I'm hopeful that they can work".
Andrea Dovizioso says: "We were feeling very motivated for the race in Japan and we will definitely carry forward that determination for Jerez. To be honest the racetrack is not one of my favourites and it's quite slow – but the crowd and the atmosphere are incredible because there are always so many spectators packed into the grandstands and the hillsides."
"In the past I've never had really good results on this track but now we are arriving in Jerez after an important result in Qatar and I'm looking forward to this race and to continuing in the positive direction we have been moving in recently. My target is that we maintain the momentum we have, and build on it over the next few races. I'm also looking forward to the test on Monday after the race. This year there are not so many opportunities to test, so Monday will be important and we'll work hard to make the most of it".
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Designed by W Architect, brings ingenuity to the pioneering design of the development's partial four- and three-storey landed terrace houses. Residents will get to enjoy a thoughtful balance of intimate and communal spaces!
ACCESSIBILTY: w/multiple transport possibilities, well served by two MRT stations, two bus interchanges and two expressways.


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A place of welcome for Asylum Seekers and Refugees.
practical support, English classes, and welfare support.
Important Dates over the coming weeks.
St. Chad's Cathedral and The Salvation Army.
Asylum Seekers, Refugees and Immigrants.
We greatly appreciate donations of food, hygiene items and clothing.
We also accept financial help as well!!!
The Sanctuary also needs volunteers!
please show them our volunteering page!
~ Children's clothing, especially for girls - but not baby clothes, thank you!
Have a listen to a bit of music!
"Living in Harmony" was written, composed and performed by students at our English through Song drop-in, supported by the talented Melissa and Lizzy from Birmingham Opera. The words,collected from different students over a period of several weeks, reflect what the Sanctuary means to them... and (if you ignore the slightly shaky camera work) it is truly beautiful!


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Dharmagaians Introduction
Kuan-Yin
Dharmagaian Allies
Suzanne's Writings
Ecobiography
Lineages and Journey
Chögyam Trungpa
Buddhadharma Links
Chögyam Trungpa Links
Why Meditate?
On Meditation
Gaia Intro
Animal Allies
Deep Ecology
Paradigm Change
New Cosmology
Ecopsychology
Gaia Links
Animal Links
Indigenous Links
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Population Links
My Bush Soul
Demons in Our Midst
Power and the Collective
Outer Shambhala
Deception Corruption Truth
Orangutan Holocaust
Realizing the Significance
Mountain Chickadee
Positive Disintegration
Cassandra Club
Psycho-Spiritual Evolution
Animistic Soul
Dharmagaian Practices
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Shambhala:
The Outer Tradition
by Suzanne Duarte
Dunhuang Grotto 328
Over the centuries, there have been many who have sought the ultimate good and have tried to share it with their fellow human beings. To realize it requires immaculate discipline and unflinching conviction. Those who have been fearless in their search and fearless in their proclamation belong to the lineage of master warriors, whatever their religion, philosophy, or creed. What distinguishes such leaders of humanity and guardians of human wisdom is their fearless expression of gentleness and genuineness – on behalf of all sentient beings. We should venerate their example and acknowledge the path that they have laid for us. They are the fathers and mothers of Shambhala, who make it possible, in the midst of this degraded age, to contemplate enlightened society. ~ Chögyam Trungpa, from "The Shambhala Lineage," the final chapter in Shambhala: The Sacred Path of the Warrior
This is a revision of the first of three talks I gave in March 1995 at the Shambhala Center in São Paulo, Brasil. It reflects my personal understanding of the history and tradition of Shambhala, after having studied and taught the Shambhala teachings as presented by Chögyam Trungpa, and having done a bit of research.
When Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche first began to present the Shambhala teachings in 1976, I felt like the deepest longings of my heart were being answered. As I studied these teachings over the years, I recognized that the vision of Shambhala has a universal mythic dimension that resonates deeply in the human heart. The material I am presenting as "outer Shambhala" is intended to demonstrate the historical depth and vastness of the Shambhala tradition. It is a weighty tradition, rich in meaning and in the gifts that it offers humanity. It is not an eclectic new-age fantasy, but an ancient tradition that is still alive in Asia, North America and Europe today.
What is and was Shambhala?
Shambhala is the vision of a contemplative society in which the possibility of cessation is realized collectively because people meditate and thereby cease to generate samsara, or confused existence. Shambhala is an ideal that has been glimpsed, however briefly, in different places and cultures, and seems to exist in the collective unconscious as an archetype. As an archetype, it is a universal dream and longing for compassion and wisdom to manifest on the collective level, in ways of life that enable the highest human values to be shared and lived in common. This dream or ideal shows up all over the world as the aspiration to organize our world so that all people may prosper by living wholesome, dignified lives in peace and harmony - without the pettiness of greed and selfishness, and without the delusions and deceptiveness that follow greed and selfishness, which give rise to samsara, domination, war and oppression. The vision of Shambhala is that this is possible, that it has happened before and it can happen again.
Shambhala is said to have been a kingdom in Central Asia that flourished somewhere along the old Silk Road . It was said to be a place of high culture and learning where the ideas, material commerce, and spiritual practices of many traditions and cultures intermixed in an inquisitive and appreciative atmosphere of peace and prosperity. Their way of life joined Heaven (vision) and Earth (practicality) in harmony. There was wealth as well as a high level of spiritual realization among the inhabitants. It was a sanctuary for the highest human values and traditions, free from strife and jealousy because the people had what they needed, including their own dignity. Their rulers were enlightened kings who were just, powerful, and merciful. The sacred arts and scriptures of many religions were placed in the libraries for safekeeping for the future. Shambhala regarded itself and is still regarded as the repository for the spiritual wisdom and power that would be needed to save the world from the darkness and depravity that would threaten to destroy all civilization in the future.
As is common in Central Asia, and elsewhere in the world, the distinctions between myth, history and material reality have been blurred by time as the legends have come down through oral tradition. Shambhala seems to have existed physically in historical time but its legend has taken on a mythic and symbolic dimension as it has been embellished and deepened through spiritual contemplation and storytelling.
The first king of Shambhala , Suchandra (Tib. Dawa Sangpo), is said to have journeyed to India to receive the highest teachings of the Buddha just before he died (5th century BCE). This was the Kalachakra Tantra , the teachings on the Wheel of Time. Suchandra wrote it down and taught it to the people of Shambhala. He was followed by a line of six more kings who all taught and practiced the Kalachakra, and then by a second line of kings called the Rigdens, of whom there will be 25 by the time the final King appears. Here we get into myth and prophesy. At a certain point, when all the inhabitants of Shambhala became enlightened, the kingdom disappeared from ordinary material existence into another realm. The Rigden Kings are said to still be watching over human affairs and instructing certain humans through dreams and visions.
The prophesy is that the world will degenerate into a dark age of chaos as materialism becomes dominant and spiritual values and practices disintegrate. Here's one description of the dark age from Edwin Bernbaum's The Way to Shambhala (1980, p. 82):
Wealth and piety will decrease day by day, until the world will be wholly depraved. Then property alone will confer rank; wealth will be the only source of devotion; passion will be the sole bond of union between the sexes; falsehood will be the only means of success in litigation; and women will be objects merely of sensual gratification. Earth will be venerated but for its mineral treasures. . . .
When the Lords of Materialism have all but consolidated their stranglehold on life, the 25th Rigden King will emerge and lead the warriors of Shambhala in the final great battle. After they have vanquished the forces of darkness, the 25th Rigden will usher in a new golden age of peace. The warriors of Shambhala will have been waiting in the wings, so to speak, for many lifetimes, waiting to be reborn at the time when they can fight in the Great Battle for Shambhala. This is a prominent part of the myth that is still fervently believed by people in Central Asia. Shambhala warriors maintain their practices lifetime after lifetime, aspiring to become purified enough to be reborn in Shambhala so that they may engage in the final Great Battle that will make life on Earth worthwhile again.
The Shambhala myth in its simplest form is that the fortunate seeker makes a perilous journey to a hidden sanctuary that holds a source of liberation and renewal that will eventually transform not only the seeker, but the outside world as well. This myth has been interpreted on the material level as well as on the purely symbolic and spiritual level. On the symbolic level, the vision or archetype of Shambhala exists in all of our hearts, and the aspiration to go to Shambhala is universal. In Tibet, the secret meaning of Shambhala is "the source of happiness," which Trungpa Rinpoche called "sacred outlook."
The Shambhala tradition is very old, and also completely up-to-date and relevant to our situation in the world today. The stories vary from each other in many details, such as when it all began, where Shambhala was or is, and how to get there. But the legend of Shambhala is alive in Central Asia even to this day. It can be found in Kashmir and eastern Russia, Siberia, Ladakh, Mongolia, China, and of course Tibet.
Important evidence of the historical existence of Shambhala is provided by the many wall frescos and thangkas in and from Central Asia that depict the Kingdom of Shambhala, as well as ancient texts that describe Shambhala in different languages, and guidebooks on how to get there. Many of these have been discovered by Westerners within the last century in arid places along the Northern and Southern Silk Roads that connected the Middle and Far East. In the caves of Dunhuang in China, thousands of beautiful frescos, sculptures, and ancient manuscripts were found, showing an advanced civilization influenced by a rich mixture of traditions and cultures. The Kalachakra Tantra itself shows the influences of Nestorian Christianity, Manichaeism, and Islam. Manichaeism has influences of Gnosticism and Zoroastrianism from Persia and the ancient Middle East. The art also shows these influences.
Mogao Cliff, Dunhuang
The International Dunhuang Project , "The Silk Road Online," is an exciting international collaboration to make information and images of all manuscripts, paintings, textiles and artifacts from Dunhuang and archaeological sites of the Eastern Silk Road freely available on the internet and to encourage their use through educational and research programs.
Interestingly for students of the Karma Kagyu and Rimé traditions of Tibetan Buddhism, the Kalachakra Tantra, and presumably the legend of Shambhala, came to Tibet from India through Naropa, the abbot of Nalanda University and one of the forefathers of the Kagyu lineage. The Kalachakra teachings had been sequestered in the Kingdom of Shambhala for hundreds of years, until an Indian yogi-scholar set out for Shambhala in order to receive those teachings. On this journey he encountered a Shambhala king who manifested as Manjushri and granted him the Kalachakra initiation. This scholar returned to India in 966CE, where he defeated Naropa in a debate, and then initiated him into the Kalachakra. In the next century two Kashmiri students of Naropa brought the Kalachakra to Tibet and established two lineages of those teachings. Subsequently, the Kalachakra tradition vanished from India after the Muslim invasions, which is the reason that Tibet became the source of the Kalachakra and Shambhala traditions. At least that is the story in the Wikipedia account of the History and Origins of the Kalachakra Tantra and its spread to Tibet.
Location of Shambhala
According to legends and guidebooks, Shambhala existed north of Tibet within a double ring of snow-capped mountains. Edwin Bernbaum, in The Way to Shambhala: A Search for the Mythical Kingdom beyond the Himalayas , says that there are many opinions on its exact location. Many have searched for it, but no one has found any verifiable evidence of it. Some still hope to find it somewhere between the Kunlun Mountains and Dzungaria , between the Pamirs and Dunhuang. Bernbaum speculates that it may have occupied the Tarim Basin or the Turpan Depression , or all of Central Asia between Dunhuang and the Pamirs. The following is the best online map I've found of the area in question, showing the northern and southern Silk Routes and the topography. Note Dunhuang in the far right of the map:
There is evidence that the climate in this region was once very hospitable for crops and people, therefore able to accommodate an extensive advanced civilization, but that it changed, perhaps suddenly, becoming extremely arid and practically uninhabitable.
However, as recently as the late 1920's the Shambhala legend was still very much alive in Mongolia. Henning Haslund's Men and Gods in Mongolia tells the story of H.H. Seng Chen Gegen, the leader of the Torgut tribe of Mongols. Gegen built Oreget, a beautiful white city laid out in a mandala pattern in the Tien Shan mountains – the "celestial mountains." The city and the leader himself were very Shambhalian. He was a reincarnated lama trained in Tibet, as well as a skilled secular leader who worked to preserve the freedom of the Mongols. He said that the Mongolian nomad warrior represents the "primordial spark": "In the genuine nomad burns the flame of the primordial which all peoples have possessed and which alone confers true human happiness." This is Seng Chen Gegen's prophesy:
Beyond the most distant borders of our neighbors (Russia and China) live other peoples who also languish in the pursuit of vain earthly profit, but they will perceive the need of deliverance long before our neighbors. They will return to seek the primordial spark; they will seek it in nature and they will find it among our flocks.
From us shall come the salvation of mankind. The primordial spark shall be derived from us, but its light shall be spread from the West.
Seng Chen Gegen's prophesy is the Mongolian version of the Shambhala prophesy. His mission among his people was not for their benefit alone, but for the world as a whole, as befits a true Shambhalian.
Hidden Valleys
The Hunza Valley
There are many stories and legends of hidden valleys where people live long, happy lives secluded from the rest of the world – or, more specifically, from Western civilization. In the early 1970's I was fascinated with stories of the Hunzas. The beautiful, hidden Hunza Valley, surrounded by high, snow-capped mountains in northern Pakistan, is said to have inspired novelist James Hilton as the archetype of Shangri-la (another name for Shambhala) in his 1933 novel Lost Horizon. Both the novel and the film by the same name (directed by Frank Capra and starring Ronald Coleman) popularized the Shambhala archetype in the West.
The Hunzas lived in harmony with nature, were highly literate, extraordinarily healthy, wholesome, friendly, and hospitable. They had an average lifespan of 100 years. Unfortunately, after the Karakoram Highway linking Pakistan with China brought tourism to Hunza in the late 20th century, the average lifespan there steadily declined. The Muslim Hunza story, much like that of Buddhist Ladakh, is a cautionary tale of what happens to stable, sustainable, subsistence cultures in fragile mountainous ecosystems when exposed to modernity through tourism and political intervention. Both the cultures and the environment become degraded by consumerism and militarization, which seem to go hand-in-hand.
Another variation on the hidden-valley motif is an old Chinese legend written in a poem called A Song of Peach Blossom River, composed in the 8th century but taken from a story written in the early 5th century. It tells of a fisherman drifting on a river in China enjoying the spring peach blossoms. He just drifts along appreciating the beauty of the blossoms along the river, the lovely fragrance in the air, the gentle breeze. Suddenly he finds himself at the end of a blue stream where there is a cave. Its mouth is so small that he has to crawl to pass through it. But he emerges onto a wide path that leads into a beautiful valley filled with forests, meadows, gardens and beautiful houses. Everything is arranged pleasingly, very clean and orderly, and an atmosphere of peace and harmony pervades the valley and hills surrounding it. He meets the people who live there and they welcome him into their homes. They are dignified yet warm, spiritually advanced and cultured, elegant yet simple. The people and their clothing and all the things he sees seem very vivid and clear. They have been apart from the world for a long time and are living in harmony with heaven and earth. They have plenty to eat and share everything freely with him. He stays for a while but becomes homesick, thinking of his family and worldly ties. So he leaves, intending to bring back his family. He tries to remember each landmark on the way so that he can return. But when he looks for it again, the clouds and mists change the appearance of the cliffs and peaks and forests, and he never finds his way back again.
Some stories of hidden valleys, like Hunza and the Peach Blossom River, seem to echo the legend of Shambhala. The moral of Peach Blossom is that if you should stumble upon an enlightened society such as Shambhala, you are fortunate if you realize how special, how precious, it is. If you leave, intending to bring all your family and social conditioning back to it, you may not be able to find it again.
In most of the legends of Shambhala, people do not stumble upon it, but make arduous journeys requiring the seeker to face great hardships and challenges that test his character and his spiritual attainment. In the process of making the journey, one's energy and motivation must be purified. In other words, family conditioning must be transformed.
Some people of advanced spiritual attainment have dreams and visions of going to Shambhala where they receive teachings that they must bring back to the world. They want to stay, but they are instructed to go back to the world with the message of Shambhala, and they are promised that they will be reborn in Shambhala when the time is right. This was the case with Chögyam Trungpa, who brought the Shambhala tradition from Tibet to the West. In his popular book Shambhala: The Sacred Path of the Warrior, Trungpa presented the inner or spiritual meaning of Shambhala so that Westerners could be inspired by the vision of Shambhala, practice it, and work together to make it a reality.
For more, see Research Notes on the Kingdom of Shambhala by John Hopkins.
© 2009 Suzanne Duarte
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Enter Sir Christopher Wren's architectural masterpiece and enjoy the awe-inspiring interior of the cathedral floor with its mosaics, paintings, sculptures and statues. A cathedral has stood here since 604AD with the present building, the fourth to occupy this site, now entirely cleaned and restored for its 300th anniversary in 2011.
Visitors can also experience the acoustic quirks of the Whispering Gallery and continue to the Golden Gallery for panoramic views from the top of the iconic dome.
Descend to the crypt housing the tombs and memorials of some of the nation's greatest heroes such as Admiral Lord Nelson and the Duke of Wellington. Also visit Oculus: an eye into St Paul's, a 270⁰HD film experience which shows a series of short immersive films about the cathedral.


A facility assessment is conducted in partnership with a third party, and it involves carefully inspecting each step and process of your food plant to identify risks and inefficiencies. The third party then takes those findings and analyzes and interprets the data into unbiased, actionable items you can use to transform your plant into a better facility tomorrow than it is today.
Overall, facility assessments evaluate two key factors: operational reliability/efficiency and payback for the recommended improvements. Of course, each company has its own internal guidelines for its target rate of return. So before you begin your facility assessment, determine how your company defines success and share that with your facility assessment team.
Starting with concrete goals will establish the focus of the facility assessment, ensuring optimizations align with your company's strategic focus.
1. Food safety. Compliance is the lowest bar. The goal is to exceed the minimum. Examine food safety flaws and opportunities for improvement to avoid the ultimate risk: a recall.
2. Processing/operating equipment efficiency (OEE). Learn how to analyze the right processing data against a processing schedule to unveil how you can cut costs and increase output.
3. Energy consumption (water, electricity and refrigeration). Discover how to achieve energy efficiency that translates to long-term ROI.
An effective facility assessment requires teamwork. It's a partnership between your food facility staff and your third-party assessment team.
their decision-making. This is not the case.
Keep in mind that a facility assessment isn't just a one-time process. To keep a finger on the pulse of your facility's efficiencies and performance, strive to conduct a thorough facility assessment once every three-to-five years. This rate can be determined during the initial assessment (longer if you had minimal inefficiencies, shorter if you had many).
Between assessments, you can even develop a monthly checklist to promote a consistent, facility-wide focus on optimization and efficiency. The ultimate goal is to think long-term and to make your food facility better tomorrow than it is today.