Moonshot at NACET solicits pitches from those ambitious, disruptive innovators whose plans hold commercial possibilities. If accepted, these entrepreneurs and their ideas are put through an educational track geared at developing a minimum viable product or an investment-ready business by the program's end. We also help other cities create eco-systems of entrepreneurship like we've done in Flagstaff. In short, we help provide assistance to the risk takers and change makers in the West.
We are a non-profit organization which means we don't take equity from the companies we assist.
We are looking for experts in their fields (in all sectors) who need assistance with scaling a company or bringing an invention or product idea to market but don't have the business acumen needed to make that happen. Check out this list of companies who are currently part of Moonshot at NACET.
We're nationwide. Other cities outside of Flagstaff, AZ and Chandler, AZ have turned to us to help them create entrepreneurial eco-systems within their towns through our LAUNCHPAD partnership program and our upcoming events.
Moonshot helped us create a business idea in under two years, prove the business model, grow strategically and now scale to meet the overwhelming global demand for our products and services.
As a concept, Moonshot entered our collective consciousness in 1961, when President John F. Kennedy challenged us to envision a world in which an American astronaut could climb aboard a spacecraft, rocket hundreds of thousands of miles into the void, leave his bootprints on the Moon and return safely home. The term "moonshot thinking" was born that day. No one knew how to do it, everything was theoretical, and lives would literally be on the line but the president pledged the full force of America's talent and treasure to achieve that goal by the decade's end.
Flagstaff has a rich history of moonshot thinking having hosted Apollo astronauts who were training for what they would find when they landed on the moon. We're proud to adopt moonshot thinking in our everyday operations as well as our name, Moonshot at NACET.
PHOTO: On May 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy announced his goal of putting a man on the moon by the end of the decade. Photo credit: NASA.


text:
The Research Program
Roots, Tubers, and Bananas Full Proposal
CGIAR
Change Management Blog
Home > Stakeholder Meeting Comments >
Stakeholder Survey and Workshop Consultations Report
Report from the Stakeholder Consultations and Survey
For the Roots, Tubers and Bananas for Food Security and Income
Mega Program
1. Types and breadth of consultation
The stakeholder consultation used four different sources of information:
Seven regional stakeholder workshops attended by a total of 100 participants from 27 different countries
An on-line "regional" survey for national and regional partners (prepared in English, Spanish and French) that was answered by 181 people, of whom 79 had attended a workshop.
A shorter on-line survey for "global partners" from advanced research institutions, policy makers, donors, industry, farmer associations, NGOs and other international players that was answered by 47 respondents
A total of six one-on-one interviews focused in Indonesia, China and PNG.
The information presented here is thus synthesized from a total of 255 stakeholders representing approximately 200 different institutions[1]. The response to the consultation was outstanding considering the short time scale. Stakeholders' enthusiasm to contribute to the proposal and the CRP itself was shown by attendance at workshops, the survey response rate and the quality of information offered. Open questions received replies from as many as 150 out of 228 survey respondents, many of them extremely detailed, novel and thoughtful; all these enriched the proposal. Such information stretches to more than 100 pages that were supplied to the proposal writers. Of necessity what is presented here is only be a synthesis that highlights the most important ideas and recommendations about the proposal.
The number of participants in these consultations is summarized in the two tables below by region of action and by type of institution. Twenty percent of survey respondents (46 out of 228) were women; ages of all respondents ranged from less than 30 years old, to more than 70, with a median of 40-49.
Main geographical area of action
Regional workshop*
(countries represented)
Regional survey
(attended workshop)**
Regional survey (did not attend workshop)
Global partner survey
East and Central Africa
Total (Africa)
Total (Latin America & Caribbean)
South, West & Central Asia
Southeast & East Asia & Pacific
Total (Asia)
Total (SH with global action)
Total stakeholders consulted
Notes to table: * Counts of workshop attendance do not include staff of the four CGIAR centers that initiated the RTB CRP. One country, Uganda was present at workshops in two different regions.
** Not double-counted in total stakeholders consulted
Type of institution to which respondent belongs
Regional workshop
(did not attend workshop)
Global survey
NARES (developing country)
University (developing country)
Advanced research institution
Policy/development institution
Farmer organization
Commercial input supply, product processing or marketing
Regional research organization
Other international public organization
Other CGIAR Centre
Note to table: * 12 are universities in the North; 12 are other research institutions in the North
The objectives of the consultation were to inform stakeholders about CG reform (if they didn't already know) and about the RTB CRP and to obtain their "buy-in". More importantly, to capture their perspectives on the design and implementation of the CRP, including (a) evidence that they support the proposal in general and wish to be a part of it; (b) fresh ideas on how the proposal might be made more convincing, especially in the area of achieving impact; (c) suggestions on how partnerships, gender/youth strategy, communications/information and capacity strengthening can best function in practice and (d) specific indications on how their institution, and others, should be involved. All of these were achieved.
In workshops, all of which had a similar design, brief initial presentations familiarized the participants with the CGIAR reform and with the outline plans for CRP3 on RTB. They then discussed whether all themes were relevant, whether others were needed and the principal outputs they expected from each theme. They discussed how to achieve impact and in particular whether and how the four cross-cutting topics (enabling partnerships, gender and youth, communications and information sharing and capacity strengthening) would be useful in that.
Results from all the consultation methods are presented here using the outline of the "regional" on-line survey. The global survey was simpler, in recognition of the time limitations of those answering.
2. Themes and future agenda
Participants considered all themes important. They pointed out that climate change, although recognized in its own separate CRP, was an important part of all themes, especially 1, 2 and 4. RTB crops are adapted to a wide range of agro-ecologies and this is important in the face of climate change. The West African workshop proposed two additional themes to give more emphasis on added value (Theme 6) for small enterprises, including business development, credit and finance, insurance, trend analysis, market information and specialized capacity building. The East African workshop suggested a specific additional theme on capacity building and communication and another on data management and sharing across all themes.
The themes – and all other concepts in the surveys - were each scored on a 0 to 5 scale (where 0 meant "not important" and 5 meant "very important") by respondents in the regional survey (n = 175 to 180) and the global partners survey (n = 39 to 42). All themes ranked as important, but the order of priority was informative. It is possible that in the smaller group of global partners, strong opinions by some respondents, particularly specialists from ARIs, may be reflected in the means.
Theme 2: Accelerating the development, delivery and adoption of varieties with stable yields, stress resistance and high nutritional value
Theme 6: Enhancing post-harvest technologies and adding value in markets
Theme 4: Promoting sustainable systems for clean planting material for farmers
Theme 1: Conserving and accessing genetic resources
Theme 3: Managing priority pests and diseases and beneficial microbial communities
Theme 7: Enhancing impact through partnerships
Theme 5: Developing tools for more productive, ecologically robust crops
The distribution of scores for all survey respondents - that is, combining data from the regional and global surveys - shows the large differences in number of respondents that lie behind these relatively small differences in mean score. Despite that, the themes are clearly all supported by the vast majority of stakeholders since in every theme 78 to 91% award 4 or 5 on a scale where 2.5 is the mean. Even for this type of survey where low scores are unusual, this is a very positive result[2].
No. of respondents awarding
Theme 2: Accelerating the development, delivery and adoption of varieties with stable yields, stress resistance and high nutritional value (n=220)
Theme 6: Enhancing post-harvest technologies and adding value in markets (n=219)
Theme 4: Promoting sustainable systems for clean planting material for farmers (n=219)
Theme 1: Conserving and accessing genetic resources (n=217)
Theme 3: Managing priority pests and diseases and beneficial microbial communities (n=220)
Theme 7: Enhancing impact through partnerships (n=215)
Theme 5: Developing tools for more productive, ecologically robust crops (n=219)
Several comments reflected that the connection between research and livelihoods was not clear in the theme agenda. Many respondents suggested a stronger production- or livelihood-systems approach, including participatory action research. This is a dilemma for proposal drafting because of the division of labor among CRPs. Other comments showed that respondents had not clearly perceived from the theme titles the inclusion of natural resources management, storage and processing.
There were also diverse, detailed suggestions on each theme that focused on sharpening the research agenda and methodologies (see box below), and on a question about innovative, futuristic research. These have been taken into account during redrafting.
Examples of suggestions for strengthening specific themes
Theme 1: Gene banks in active interaction with R&D and not as "museums"; reward/fund small farmers for in-situ conservation of genetic diversity
Theme 2: Some support for consideration of GMOs in bio-fortification, pest and disease resistance and other desirable traits; develop information on tagged genes; other methods of molecular science; incorporate banana genes from wild species through cisgenics.
Theme 3: Should be broadened to include other abiotic factors, not just pests and diseases; develop forecasting and decision support systems – maybe web-based where connectivity permits this; partners are very worried about emerging pests and diseases.
Theme 4: Develop protocols for rapid high-volume production of quality planting materials (linking formal and informal systems); primary focus of strengthening farmer-based seed systems; make visible the connection between seed production and climate challenges.
Theme 5: Use of agro-industry residue of RTB crops for soil improvement; consider organic production of RT crops; inter-cropping with legumes for soil fertility improvement; small-scale mechanization for some regions, including Africa; extract best practices and lessons on sustainable/resilient farming systems from previous projects.
Theme 6: Explore wide range of potential products not just from cassava; explore zero-waste post-harvest and processing systems; transformation of RTB crops to drivers of economic development; emphasizing high-quality carbohydrate content of root crops..
Several stakeholders suggested ways to increase RTB impact:
Accepting "the need for a more holistic program beyond technology development, where other non-traditional (sometimes neglected) partners have a role in its definition." (Staff member, international public organization)
Ensuring that "the program is a single entity not an unconnected group of scientists working on vastly different crops." (Government research scientist, North America)
With a "mechanism to allow donor money to fund CGIAR-NARS-Private Sector partnerships, i.e., some funds must flow through CGIAR to the other partners to create coordinated umbrella programs. Currently ….we are …. concerned that CGIAR will use its 'international public good' rhetoric to shy away from engaging fully with partners for development and deployment of new varieties." (Representative of a donor organization)
"Focus on the things which work and can be delivered and adopted now. Each crop will need a champion to drive the development of these crops in many parts of the world. …If you do not know where you are going you will not get there." (Leader, Australian University Research)
Another question asked how to develop a joint agenda and raise the profile of RTB crops. Answers mentioned needs assessment; strengthening researcher capacities to diagnose and analyze problems; identifying gaps and setting objectives; regular consultation workshops; advocacy at high level policy fora; linking to global platforms; and better highlighting of successful case studies. Representatives of agro-industry asked whether the only targets were poor producers and consumers, or whether new consumer markets and new producers in strategic alliances were also part.
3. Cross-cutting topics
Respondents were asked to score cross-cutting topics. Capacity strengthening and communication/information attracted higher priority than partnering and comprehensive gender strategies; regional and global respondents agreed on the relative importance of the four topics. Analysis of women's responses showed that they too tend to place less emphasis on "comprehensive gender strategies" than the other cross-cutting topics. Comments suggest that the lower scores are partly because of concern about creating an isolated gender topic, whereas most stakeholders would like to see mainstreaming of gender concerns.
(n=170-179)
(n=38-42)
Regional: Women
Global: Women (n=8-9)
Strengthening people's capacities in research for development
Promoting communication & information sharing
Exploring new ways of partnering
Comprehensive gender strategies
The following data for regional and global surveys combined show the number of respondents awarding each score. Depending on the topic from 62 to 92% awarded a score of 4 or 5.[3]
Mean score
Respondents emphasized the importance of capacity building and the need for a clear research- policy connection, including pressure to upgrade government investment in RTB crops as important food sources and opportunities for small-scale value addition; one respondent stated that biophysical issues need to be translated into political ones for policy makers to take them seriously.
4. Partnership approach
"The quality of the relationships between partners has to be improved, define rights and responsibilities, improve communication. Partners need to meet, not only rely on internet" (RTB regional workshop, Cali, August 2010)
All nine actions included in the proposal for developing effective partnerships were considered important by respondents according to the regional survey and the global survey.[4] Two of the other topics, closely related to partnership building were ranked highest, followed by translating research results into policy advice, development of public-private partnerships (which were rated slightly higher than public-civil society partnerships) and identification of poverty hotspots.
Communication and information sharing
Capacity strengthening in research-for-development
Learning to translate research results into policy advice
Develop public-private partnerships
Identification of poverty hotspots where RTB target crops can help with poverty alleviation and income generation
Strengthening networks for prioritizing research needs
Develop partnerships between public sector and civil society
Outcome and impact assessment
Building learning alliances using Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis
*By error, this question was only asked in French and Spanish translations (n=54)
Other suggestions and comments about building strong partnerships for the CRP included:
Linking North and South expertise to develop strong partnerships (European university professor)
Eliminating duplication and competition between centers (a donor representative)
Treating partners as equals, and not as secondary players, especially in delivery of results to poor farmers, where the CGIAR system does not have comparative advantage. (International NGO leader, Africa)
Using regional research centers based on NARS for developing locally adapted technology. Less "on station" work, more networking, more participatory research ()
Following the CLAYUCA consortium model to create networks of users, producers, industry players with research centers, closely linked to value chains and public policy. (Latin American policy maker)
Developing mechanisms to get commitment from local government (Latin American researcher)
Inter-regional and inter-continental exchange of technology (European university researcher)
One respondent cautioned: "Once the Program is approved, it needs a single organigram of all people involved across all involved CG centers to effectively execute the work, i.e. a new virtual centre, so to facilitate communication. It does not work if we keep on copying all documents to everybody"
Respondents in the regional survey also assessed the importance of several methods for building effective partnerships among people and institutions with the following results (n = 164 to 175)
More important
Involve the right people and organizations
Transparent decision making and communication
Agree clear, shared, flexible objectives that reflect stakeholders' diverse interests and needs
Share recognition and responsibility for outcomes
Agree supervision responsibilities across institutional boundaries
Agree guidelines about how responsibilities are assigned
Make impact pathways explicit
Slightly less important
Agree team standards for response time, sharing credit and time investment in discussion
Agree conflict resolution processes
Allow time for development of trust and a common language
Give leadership responsibilities to non-CGIAR partners
Clarify expectations about time investment in decision making
5. Gender and youth strategy
To gauge the situation of women and young people, regional survey participants were asked their degree of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. Respondents saw stronger opportunities for women than for young people in RTB crops. They considered that networking was more likely to help women's livelihoods in post-harvest technology and market opportunities than in seeds and cropping systems. They did not necessarily agree that women were likely to lose if value chains were developed commercially.
disagree somewhat
agree some-what
Mean score and interpretation
1. Rural women in my region have livelihood opportunities in RTB
3.30 (agree more than somewhat)
2. Young people in my region have livelihood opportunities in RTB
2.94 (agree somewhat)
3. Strengthening networks for women to share knowledge on seeds will improve livelihoods in my region
4. Strengthening networks for women to share knowledge on cropping systems will improve livelihoods in my region
5. Strengthening networks for women to share knowledge on post-harvest technologies will improve livelihoods in my region
3.49 (agree quite strongly)
6. Strengthening networks for women to share knowledge on market opportunities will improve livelihoods in my region
7. Women's roles in livelihoods, household and community are at risk of displacement in my region when RTB value chains are developed
1.65 (disagree a little)
8. In my region, when RTB crops are grown commercially, men dominate decision-making and control of income
2.45 (agree a little)
Methodologically, the wide range of answers, depending on the statement, indicated that respondents' high scores on other questions in the survey did not represent lack of discrimination among the alternatives, but genuine support.[5]
In order to strengthen gender and targeting in the proposal, several open questions were asked about the situation of the poor, and of women and young people, and about using RTB crops to improve that. One donor emphasized focus: "[We need to] create clear criteria for prioritization based on ex-ante assessment of potential benefits to the poor, then apply those criteria to prioritize ruthlessly, concentrating funding and efforts on a smaller number of important projects, resourced to succeed." The leader of an international NGO in Africa said: "I believe the most urgent action is to develop the seed and agricultural extension systems (through public, civil society and/or private sector approaches) that will effectively deliver technologies to women farmers."
In many root crops, especially in Africa (where yams are the exception as a "men's crop"), women play a major role in production and commercialization. In general young people do not see opportunities in agriculture; one respondent suggested arranging for both women and young people to receive certification of their abilities and knowledge so as to add status to that. Several respondents in Africa commented that women are more ready to try out new methods, but may be limited in their access to land. In many regions in all continents, women are already the main rural workforce because men and young people have migrated to find work.
A common idea in comments is that developing RTB crops in value chains can strengthen livelihood opportunities for the whole family – women, men, older people and possibly young people, reducing migration to cities. This is also seen by some as a way to ensure that well-intentioned but misguided help to some groups, to the exclusion of others, does not result in jealousy and increased domestic violence. Improved post-harvest handling and storage of fresh produce is a way to increase family food security. It should be seen as separate from, although often complementary to, processing; the two need to be viewed and evaluated separately in research for development.
Developing opportunities for families requires (to quote one respondent) "work on all levels at the same time - policy, research, capacity building, education, training, extension, etc. Listen to advice from local stakeholder groups and involve local stakeholder groups from the beginning Develop generic methods and tools that can work across crop systems."
Reflecting the wide range of opinion of the last two questions in the table above, the comments on small-scale enterprises for value-addition show an interesting debate between the majority who consider them an important opportunity for women and a minority who are concerned that if these crops become more commercial it will displace women farmers. A North American university professor commented: "I think there is just a need to raise the awareness of development issues in general. From one perspective we are better off not having RTB too high on the radar of the developed world. If they do more to commoditize these crops those who are not powerful in the commodity markets will suffer."
Women and rural youth can be motivated if an agricultural micro-enterprise, preferably owned by them and for which they can receive micro-credit, is economically viable and intellectually satisfying including not just agro-processing but production of quality planting material; production of biocontrol agents and growth-promoting bacteria; vermicomposting; and developing new food products and recipes.
Examples where women and young people already take leadership would be worth mentioning in the proposal: In Costa Rica, support to women and young entrepreneurs begins at schools, colleges and universities. Women are recognized as potential leaders; there are National Rural Youth programs that, among their initiatives, produce RTB crops. In the Andean Region, women and young people are leaders in the production of lesser-known Andean root crops (rubas, nabos, ibias and native potato varieties).
Other ways suggested to develop the roles include hiring women in management roles for civil society; and offering management responsibilities to young scientists from the South.
Participants also scored the importance of a number of actions as part of the gender strategy of the future CRP:
Regional: All
More favoured actions as part of gender strategy
Incorporation of female farmer needs into research priorities
Research grants for addressing the gender dimension of RTB production and post-production
Reduction of drudgery in RTB crop production and processing
Capacity strengthening in gender-responsive research for partner organizations
Understanding gender differences in growing, consumption, preference and use of RTB crops
Less favoured actions as part of gender strategy
Development of a staffing strategy to enable partners to conduct gender-responsive research and development activities
Gender audit (i.e. during design and major project milestones, review which interventions are effective in achieving gender equity and which are failing)
Research awards for women researchers in RTB
Support establishment of gender focal points in partner organizations
Separate monitoring of early adoption by women and men
Gender review panel composed of specialists
Separate focus group discussions in project areas with women, men and young people
Women respondents' priorities, when re-analyzed separately, agreed quite closely with those of the whole on most issues, but they gave more emphasis to separate monitoring of early adoption; staffing strategies to encourage gender-responsive research; research awards for women; and establishment of gender focal points. They gave lower priority, however, to reducing drudgery than men did.
One male NGO leader commented: "I have scored several of these lower, not so much because they are bad ideas, but because they can become camouflage for covering gender issues, whereas the objective should be mainstreaming gender issues."
6. Communication and information sharing
Detailed open and closed questions on communication and information sharing covered content, audiences and methods. With three exceptions in the global partner group, respondents rated all types of information content as very important to the Program.
Best practices, promising strategies
Industry situation in RTB, including trade, value chains, industry players
Enhancing capacity development
Informing policy makers, development practitioners and farmers
Specific program information
Scientific content on specific crops
Information about partners
Several respondents noted that it is difficult to generalize about content; what is needed varies hugely by audience, and the specific objectives of the communication. Other comments emphasized the need to communicate research findings to end users and to communicate clearly the objectives, opportunities for participation and expected benefits to end-users of this new CRP.
Suggestions of opportunities for filling gaps included (from a university professor in Nigeria) retrieving "lost" information that is scattered in journals that are not accessible to many workers; and (from a university professor in Bolivia) setting up a virtual library that would, among other opportunities, give incentives for publications relevant to families, women and children – stories, legends and recipes connected to RTB crops.
The preferred modes of information exchange (asked only in the regional survey, n=151 to 164) were Email (mean score 4.60 out of a maximum of 5), a website (4.47), face-to-face meetings and training (4.43) and site visits (4.27). Slightly less preferred were regular newsletters and updates (4.17), pamphlets, brochures and written materials (4.13) and low literacy materials (4.06). Blogs and other social media (3.51) and telephone or conference calls (3.38) were much less preferred, especially because of problems of connectivity and cost of services in many countries. Farmer organizations and the private sector rarely see CGIAR websites; if they are to be used, more publicity and linking is needed. Radio was suggested as a medium by many, with a need to take care to simplify technical language and support efforts in local languages. Here as in capacity strengthening (see below) a question arises about how a focused CGIAR program should link to others who work with broader audiences.
There was a very wide range of practical suggestions in response to a question about existing communication networks/platforms, audiences, resources, venues or opportunities with which this mega-program should be connected.
7. Capacity strengthening in research for development
Respondents in the two surveys agreed very closely about the types of institution that most need formal capacity strengthening for their staff in this RTB mega-program.
National research institutions (including universities)
Farmer organizations and/or individual farmers
National extension institutions
Seed growers, product traders and processors
National development institutions (including NGOs)
The high ranking of need for capacity building of farmers and extensionists presents a dilemma about how far the responsibilities of this CRP should extend. Several comments highlighted the need for the whole range of partners to be strengthened, but realized the limitations of research investment. As one asked, "is the issue capacity strengthening in implementing the research or in using the outcomes of research efforts?" Other comments on this issue:
Developing national capacities seems the most important. Extension services are an absolute "must", but they are probably too far down the chain to support them strongly through the CGIAR They certainly need support, but not exactly by funding lines for research. (A donor representative)
This largely depends where the program wants to situate itself. The weaker the national research institution, the more linkage to other institutions is required. At the same time, I am not sure that it is possible to emphasis so much the capacity training of farmers, for example, without sacrificing the program's own research capacity. This in turn might lead to capacity strengthening using outdated technology, for example" (North American government researcher)
"National extension institutions" can too easily be interpreted as just the public sector. It is important to start with an analysis of what institutions can effectively provide services to poor women farmers, and then make decisions about which institutions to support. (African NGO leader)
Our focus is on mass production, so the more people who get training the better. (Researcher, Philippines)
Suggestions about capacity building of researchers included attracting scientists from the South, who are presently in the North, to key positions in research centers located in developing countries; giving more opportunities for NARI scientists to work in advanced laboratories; and tutoring university professors in RTB issues so that they do a better job of training their students. The Earth University (Costa Rica) enterprenurial development model was suggested as useful; it is not exclusive to RTB.
Asked more specifically the areas of expertise in which capacity strengthening is most needed for this RTB mega-program to be effective, regional respondents rated all the following as important; global partners rated some less highly, possibly reflecting the interests of ARIs who form half the group.
Postharvest technology and adding value in markets
Sustainable systems for clean planting material for farmers
Accelerating the development, delivery and adoption of varieties with stable yields, stress resistance, and high nutritional value
Linking RTB research with nutrition programs for delivery
Strengthening agriculture extension and seed systems for impact on women farmers
Ecologically sound crop management, including response to climate change
Managing priority pests and diseases and beneficial microbial communities
Conserving and accessing genetic resources
Enhancing impact through partnerships
Asked about capacity strengthening methods for this CRP, respondents from the two surveys agreed quite closely on the order of priorities, with stronger differences visible among global partners.
Preferred methods
Design and Delivery of Training programs or courses
Fellowships for students and professionals
A research and learning network (virtual dialogues, conferences, etc)
Development or better utilization of learning tools and resources
Less preferred methods
In-person network conferences
Shared M&E system applied to capacity strengthening
Capacities and Needs Assessment Platforms (tools for capacity strengthening professionals)
Non-preferred methods (especially by global institutions)
Publications in capacity strengthening
Digital Learning Resources Knowledge Bank
8. Key quotations
Alongside many expression of support for the program in general, a number of comments provided challenges which we share here.
There is a need to go back to the future and rediscover the importance of diversity in production systems to secure their resilience, and to work on management practices which meet livelihood and social aspirations. The innovation will come in social and economic sustainability in the system alongside sustainable production practices. (Staff member of an international public organization)
Based on the documentation given for this program, it is difficult to see how those themes and the outputs coming from the different themes link to the different livelihood options of the farmers and farming communities it is targeting. Why improve productivity and why should farmers adopt those technologies? (A NARES coordinator, Asia-Pacific region)
I am of the view that to make impact on poor producers, the challenge now is making available several already-developed improved varieties to them through a more aggressive technology delivery and extension system as well as market outlet, including upgrading extension and micro-credit and risk mitigation schemes (Leader of a West African NARES)
It is not possible to construct competitiveness without innovation and technology. Information management is indispensable and bets accompanied by an innovative communication system. (President of a Latin American farmer association)
RTBs are not usually well positioned within agricultural extension, as decision makers do not have a full appreciation of their true importance. Quality data on true level of production, perhaps through remote-sensing methodologies, is an essential starting point (Leader of an International NGO, Africa)
National institutions are very neglected because budgets are low, which is why they often have no capability. (Female researcher in an Andean country)
Stimulating and strengthening farming systems seems to be good approach, especially for Africa, where RTB are of very important. If "known" good varieties/crops could be made available to the farmer, if post-harvest losses could be reduced and "best practices" used, poverty could be reduced substantially. (A donor representative)
In principal this is a good idea. However the execution of such a program is challenging and takes real leadership to make it happen and close the enormous yield gap which currently exists in these crops. A focused approach is needed, not trying to do too many things in too many parts of the world without making any real difference. A long term strategy is needed: 10-50 years instead of the usual 5 years or so. (University research leader, Australia)
[1] An exact count of institutions, since there was more than one respondent from some institutions, and countries represented among all consultation methods will be possible once a consolidated of all stakeholders has been prepared.
[2] According to the Kruskall-Wallis test, mean scores fall into three groups: Themes 2, 6 and 4; Themes 1, 3 and 7; Theme 5. Mean scores of members of the same group are not significantly different from each other at the 5% level; but are significantly different from those of all members of other groups. In all data in this report, total counts of responses (n) do not include those who gave no opinion.
[3] The four mean scores are all significantly different from each other at the 5% level according to the Kruskall-Wallis test.
[4] Strictly a test of statistical significance would be needed in order to make statements about stakeholders in general rating characteristics in the survey "similarly", "lower" or "higher". This was not possible for all data in the time available for this study. The results from those tests that were conducted on themes, topics and statements about gender allow an estimate that differences in mean score greater than 0.5 are likely to be significant at the 5% level for the sample sizes of approximately 160 in the regional survey and that mean score differences greater than 0.9 are likely to be significant for the global survey.
[5] A Kruskall-Wallis test showed that the mean answers for the following groups of statements were not significantly different from each other at the 5% level within each group, but that all other pairs of mean scores were different: statements 6 and 5; statements 5 and 1; statements 1,4 and 3.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The capabilities of hospital-based telemedicine and remote patient monitoring have significantly revolutionized the healthcare industry in recent years. Hospitals are rapidly increasing their remote patient programs citing decreased expenses, routine patient visits and hospital admissions.
According to a report by Berg Insight, there are about 7 million patients under some form of remote monitoring, a 44 percent increase over 2015. The use of healthcare remote monitoring systems has enabled physicians to track patients' vital signs in real time from locations away from the hospital.
Patients use a medical device to track their health progress and forward their responses regarding their illness to health care professionals for remote assessment. The telehealth technology has helped many including the elderly or those recovering from major injury/illness to benefit from the convenience of decreased frequent doctor visits, access to better health and increased quality of life right at the comfort of their homes. Remote monitoring, therefore, ensures full recovery of patients without the need for any readmissions and other avoidable hospital expenses.
Thanks to the telemedicine technology, St. Vincent Hospital has begun to see patients at two new kidney transplant telemedicine clinics located within rural communities in Indiana. "Patients will only have to travel to Indianapolis for their initial transplant surgery and immediate post-transplant follow-up care", said the hospital's Abdominal Transplant Program Executive Director Mary Ann Palumbi, RN. Patients can receive care closer to home without having to endure lengthy drives and hospital stays.
Managing chronic conditions like cardiac disease, respiratory issues, and diabetes has become much easier as patients can be continuously monitored and catered for in case of slight deviations from their anticipated recovery. Whether it's presenting their vital signs, or a graph of trends over time or just a summary of their daily care outlook, remote patient monitoring programs allow a patient to get that daily information and support that can make all the difference in the world in regard to their health outcomes.
More hospitals should be encouraged to embrace remote patient monitoring as it has proved to have the power to change the way we provide and receive healthcare.


It is a matter of great pleasure and pride for me to invite you to walk through the portals of Andhra University . As one of the oldest Indian Universities, it is well known for imparting higher education in traditional and contemporary areas of science, engineering, arts, commerce, law and fine arts with international standards and recognition.
Initiated by the founder Vice-chancellor Dr. C.R. Reddy in 1926, legendaries like Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a great philosopher and a roll model for the human race who later rose to the position of Vice-president of India, Dr. V.S. Krishna, a great visionary have continued the tradition of initiating innovative academic programs of national and international relevance and contributed to sustained development of this University.
Innovative academic activities in emerging fields like Nuclear Physics, Bio-Inorganic Chemistry, Geophysics, Meteorology and Oceanography, Human Genetics, Biotechnology, Microbiology, Naval Architecture, Biomedical Engineering, Bioinformatics, Human Resource Management, Business Management etc. even when these subjects were in a nascent stage in the West and Europe . Similarly the University also has the unique culture and practice of moulding these academic programmes to address the societal and technological needs. Programmes like 20th Century Gurukulam, Social Exclusion and Inclusive studies are some of the innovations contributing to the alleviation of the rural youth and the under privileged society. Thus the University strives hard to provide an equal and balanced opportunity for all genders and sections of the society.
The University's attention in augmenting state of the art equipment, infrastructure and library facilities and conceptualizing and implementing healthy practices in teaching and administration with a democratic team spirit has been applauded by the NAAC, the apex body to judge the credibility of any Indian University.
Apart from being flexible in offering advanced courses for the benefit of the knowledge seekers from the neighbouring countries, the University is running a few twinning programmes in collaboration with some of the reputed International Universities. The exponential growth in the enrolment of foreign students is a testimony to its international commitment and quality education.
Five constituent colleges and five P.G. Centers of the University provide quality training and research leading to Masters and Doctoral degrees in more than 160 courses. Apart from under graduate programmes in Engineering and Technology the University offers Under graduate degree programmes with a variety of combinations of subjects in B.A., B.Sc., and B.Com courses. Believing in more focused training in professional courses, the University recently started five year integrated programmes in fields like Geology, Information Technology and Software Engineering.
I wish to take this opportunity to welcome both the national and international students, academicians and all those interested in higher education to our University by exploring this web site. I am sure you will have memorable experience in this endeavour.
· Professor of Electronics and Communication Engineering since 1994.
· Coordinator, M.Tech (SATCOM), United Nations Affiliated program conducted at Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad.
· Convener, ICET – 2010 & 2011.
P.U.C. : First class and 11th Rank in Andhra University.
B.E. : Electronics and Communication Engineering, A.U.
First class with distinction with 85.7%.
M.E. : Control Systems, A.U.
First class and first rank in Andhra University.
Ph.D. : Electronics and Communication Engineering – IIT-Kharagpur.
1. P.U.C – 11th Rank in Andhra University.
3. Ist Year – CGPA 10/10 (100% Aggregate Marks). Record in the history of Andhra University.
4. B.E. and M.E. – 1st class with distinction and first rank in A.U respectively.
6. Professor of Electronics and Communication Engineering since 1994.
7. At present PRINCIPAL, Andhra University College of Engineering (Autonomous), Andhra University.
8. Chief Editor of National Journal of Electromagnetic Compatibility.
10. Chief Convener, Andhra University Research Forum during 2007-2010.
· "Best Researcher Award" from Hon'ble Governor of A.P in 1994.
· "State Best Teacher Award" from the Govt. of A.P in 1999.
· National IETE Prof. Aiya Memorial Award for Best Research Guidance in Electronics in India from Union Minister of Heavy Industries, Govt. of India in 2005.
· Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Award for the Best Academician of the year 2007, Andhra University.
· "The National EMC Engineer of the Year Award", 2008 from Dr. K. Kasturirangan.
· "Ugadi Puraskar Award" from Visakha Cultural and Fine Arts Association in 2003 for contributions in social service.
· "Shiksha Rattan Puraskar Award" for meritorious services, outstanding performance and remarkable role in public from Justice N.Y. Hanumanthappa in 2007, Bangalore.
14. Guided – 28 Ph.D.s – Highest Number in Electronics and Communication Engineering by a Professor in any University in Andhra Pradesh.
15. Published – 328 Research Papers in National and International journals/Conferences proceedings.
16. Delivered Expert Lectures in IIT-Kharagpur – a privilege and honour for a University Professor to deliver in IITs.
17. Visiting professor in the University of Karlsruhe, Germany where Henry Hertz (Inventor of Radio Waves) was a Professor.
18. Visiting Professor in the University of Paderborn, Germany.
19. Authored 5 textbooks in the core subjects of Electronics and Communication Engineering : and six books for AU Distance Mode Jointly authored.
· G S N Raju, "Antennas and Wave Propagation", Pearson Education (Singapore).
· G S N Raju, "Electronic Devices and Circuits" IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
· G S N Raju, "Microwave Engineering", IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
· G S N Raju, "Radar Engineering", IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
24. Established one of the best Antennas and Microwave Research Laboratory in Andhra University.
25. Designed a new antenna for Modern Marine Radars. A new name is given to the antenna "CO-PLANAR E-H PLANE TEE JUNCTION" and is accepted by IEEE, USA.
26. Coordinator, United Nations affiliated M.Tech (Satellite Communication) course, Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad.
27. Technical Expert for the selection of candidates for P.G. Fellowships in Japan.
28. AICTE Nominee in the governing body, MVGR College of Engineering.
29. Chairman, and Organizer of a session in International conference on 'Electromagnetics, Jet propulsion laboratory, USA, 1997.
30. Chairman, National symposium on "Modern Trends in Electronics and Communications" in 1995.
31. Chairman, National conference on "Roll of E-Commerce in Accelerating Societal Transformation", 'RECAST' , 2000.
32. Chairman, National seminar on 'State of Art Technologies in Information, Communication and Entertainment", 2003.
33. Chairman, National seminar on Electronics and Advanced Technologies, 2004.
34. Chairman, Student seminar on Advanced Communications, 2002.
35. Chairman, International conference on Bio-Medical Electronics and Telecommunication, 2004.
36. Chairman of Technical session in International Symposium on Progress in Electromagnetics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Boston, USA, 2006.
37. Chairman of Technical session in International Symposium on Progress in Electromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 2007.
38. Member of Technical Committee in International Symposium on Progress in Electromagnetics,. Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 2007.
39. Chairman of Technical session in International Symposium on Progress in Electromagnetics, Prague, Czech Republic, 2007.
41. Technical Expert for selection of scientists in DRDO, 1999.
42. Convener, AU College of Engineering Golden Jubilee Celebrations during 2004 – 2005.
43. Director, Inter-Engineering Colleges culture activities 'MADHOTSAV', 2000.
44. Invited Chairman of Technical Session in International conference on Electromagnetics in Beijing, China, 2007.
45. Chairman of Technical Session in International conference on EMC, Chennai, 1995.
46. Chairman of Technical Session in International conference in EMI/EMC, Chennai, 1999.
47. Chairman of Technical Session in International conference on EMI/EMC, Calcutta, 1999.
49. Reviewer of Technical papers for publication in AMSE International Journal, France.
50. Reviewer of Technical papers for publication in IETE, India.
51. Reviewer of Technical papers for publication in the journal of Microwave Theory and Optical Technology Letters, USA .
53. Reviewer of STM Journals etc.
54. Recipient of Merit Scholarship from 9th class to Ph.D.
55. Delivered an Invited Expert Talk in All India Radio in Electronics State of Technology in 1995.
56. Delivered an invited expert talk in all India radio on Cell Phones and Effects on Human beings in 2004.
57. AICTE Nominee in the governing body, MVGR College of Engineering.
58. Technical Expert for Indo-Russia, defence technical project, DRDO.
59. Review Expert of Technical projects of DRDO done by IITs.
60. Convener of several expert inspection committees of AICTE.
61. Expert member of several committees of University for the selection of Professors.
62. Conducted about 16 National Conferences as a Chairman in the field of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
63. Conducted an International Conference as Chairman in the field of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
64. Two Ph.D thesis are adjudged as 'Best thesis'.
65. Invited Technical Chair in the International Conference on Antennas and Electromagnetics, Beijing, China in 1994.
66. Senate Member, Andhra University.
67. A resource person in IIT-Kharagpur and several other institutes in many short-term courses and Seminars.
68. Delivered keynote address in the short-term course on "EMI/EMC management" at IIT-Kharagpur.
69. Key Speaker in Short-term course on Recent Advances in RF Techniques for Wireless Communication at IIT-Kharagpur in July 2008.
· Chief Editor of National Journal of Electromagnetic Compatibility, Bangalore.
· Visiting Professor in the Universities of Karlsruhe and Paderborn, Germany in 1994.
· Chairperson of a Technical Session in an International Symposium on Electromagnetic Research conducted by MIT, Boston, USA, 1989.
· Chairperson & Organizer of a Technical Session in an International Symposium on Electromagnetic Research, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA, 1997.
· Chairperson of a Technical Session in an International Symposium on Electromagnetic Research conducted by MIT, Boston, USA, 2006.
· Member of the International Technical Program Committee of the International Symposium on Electromagnetics, Beijing, China, March 2007.
· Member of the International Technical Program Committee of the International Symposium on Electromagnetics, Prague, Czech Republic, August 2007.
· Chaired a technical session on "Bio-Electromagnetics" in the International Symposium on Electromagnetics, Beijing, China, March 2007.
· Chaired a technical session on "Antennas" in the International Symposium on Electromagnetics, Prague, Czech Republic, August 2007.
· Chaired more than 20 technical sessions in International/National Conferences in India.
· Reviewer of Research papers of AMSE (France) Journal and other Proceedings.
· Technical Expert for Indo-Russian Defence Technical Project in 2003.
· A resource person in IIT-Kharagpur and several other institutes in many short-term courses and Seminars.
· Delivered keynote address in the short-term course on "EMI/EMC management" at IIT-Kharagpur.
· Key Speaker in Short-term course on Recent Advances in RF Techniques for Wireless Communication at IIT-Kharagpur in July 2008.
· At Present guiding 12 Ph.D scholars and 4 M.Tech theses.
1. G S N Raju, "Antennas and Wave Propagation", Pearson Education (Singapore).
3. G S N Raju, "Electronic Devices and Circuits" IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
4. G S N Raju, "Microwave Engineering", IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
5. G S N Raju, "Radar Engineering", IK International Publishers, New Delhi.
6. Electromagnetic Field Theory for AU Distance Mode Education, 2007 (jointly authored).
7. Electronics- I Laboratory textbook for AU Distance Mode Education, 2007(jointly authored).
8. Antennas and Wave Propagation for AU Distance Mode Education (jointly authored).
9. Microwave Engineering for AU Distance Mode Education (jointly authored).
10. Radar Engineering for AU Distance Mode Education (jointly authored).
11. Microwave Communication Laboratory Textbook for AU Distance Mode Education (jointly authored).
1. CAD of Antennas for Marine Radars, funded by MHRD, Govt. of India.
2. Design of small electronic antennas, funded by AICTE.
3. ELFE Sensors and mitigation of low frequency emissions, funded by DRDO.
4. Design of Torpedo Fuze and analysis funded by DRDO.
5. Analysis of EM Fields in Sea.
6. Design for Stealth, for DRDO is in the pipe line.
7. Established one of the best Research labs from the funds generated from outside the University.
· Cellular & Mobile Communication etc.
· Proceedings of National and International Conferences of Japan, China, Canada, USA and India etc.
· Delivered Invited Expert talk in All India Radio on Electronics and its State of Art Technologies in 1995.
· Delivered expert technical talk on the "Effect of Cell Phones on Human beings".
· "Hazards of Cell Phones on Men" in Enadu Daily.
· "How to prepare for competitive exams" in Vidyardhi and Sakshi Daily News Papers etc.
· PRINCIPAL, Andhra University College of Engineering (Autonomous), Andhra University since June 2010.
· Vice-Principal from February 2010 to May 2010.
· Faculty Chairman, AU College of Engineering (A) from February 2010 to May 2010.
· Member of Senate, Andhra University.
· Chairman, Board of Studies in Electronics and Communication Engineering, AU College of Engineering since 2002.
· Chairman, Board of Studies in Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, AU College of Engineering since 1998.
· Dean of Academics and Research Development, AU College of Engineering (Autonomous) since 2005.
· Convener of several Expert Committees of AICTE since 1994.
· Member of several Expert Committees of National Board of Accreditation (NBA), New Delhi since 1997.
· Coordinator of the Centre for Bio-Medical Engineering, AU College of Engineering during 2003 to 2010.
· Member, Board of Studies in Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, JNTU, Kakinada, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Berhampur University, Orissa.
· Coordinator of United Nations affiliated M.Tech (satellite) programme, SAC-Ahmedabad since 2001.
· Member, Governing Body, GITAM University – Andhra University Nominee.
· Member, Governing Body, Lakki Reddy Bala Reddy College of Engineering, - APSCHE Nominee.
· Chief Convener, AU Research Forum and conducted 120 seminars.
· Member, Academic Council, GITAM College of Engineering (Autonomous) during 2002 – 2005.
· Director, Intercollegiate Cultural Activities – "Madhotstav", 2001.
· Chairman society of Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineers, Visakhapatnam Centre since 1995.
· Coordinator, Tribal Development Program at Aruku, 2007.
· Coordinator, An awareness program in energy saving in using in using electric/electronic home appliances for house wives, 2007.
· Coordinator, Training program for self employment and entrepreneurship in the design and fabrication of electronic adapter circuits (PEAC), 2007.
· Funds received from Alumni 3.2 Crores towards an A/c Auditorium, Campus Hospital, Endowment Lectures and Student Gold Medals for toppers.
· AU College of Engineering has been awarded autonomous status by UGC.
· Andhra University College of Engineering (A) is adjudged as "The Best Govt. Engineering College in India" by Star News TV Channel.
· Selected for TEQIP Phase – II funding.
· Started B.E. Electromechanical Engineering in collaboration with Belgium University.
· Conducted National Convention in association with Quality circle of India and six thousand delegates participated etc.
· Mr. Andhra University College of Engineering, 1977.The best weight lifter of AU College of Engineering during in 1975, 1976, 1977 and 1978.
· 10 Km running champion in AU in 1975.
· 5 Km running champion in AU in 1974.
· Represented Andhra University in weight lifting and body building twice.
· Trained boxer and wrestler at district level.
· Honorary coach in weight lifting in 20th Century Boxing Club during 1976 – 79.
· Captain of Kho-Kho AU College of Engineering team in inter collegiate competitions in 1974.
1. International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC – 2010), Bangalore, 2010.
2. International Conference on Microwaves, Antenna, Propagation and Remote Sensing (ICMARS-2009), Jodhpur, 2009.
3. International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC – 2008), Bangalore, 2008.
4. International Conference on Microwaves, Antenna, Propagation and Remote Sensing (ICMARS-2008), Jodhpur, 2008.
5. International Conference on "Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS – 07), Beijing, China, 2007.
6. International Conference on "Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS – 07), USA, 2007.
7. International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC – 2006), Bangalore, 2006.
8. International Conference on Microwaves, Antenna, Propagation and Remote Sensing (ICMARS-2006), Jodhpur, 2006.
9. International Conference on MICROWAVE – 2006, Jaipur, 2006.
10. National Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSYM – 2006), Cochin, 2006.
11. International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (INCEMIC – 2002), Bangalore, 2002.
12. International Conference on EMI / EMC, India, 2002.
13. International Conference on CIIC, India, 2001.
14. National Conference on FACT, Visakhapatnam, 2000.
15. National Seminar on RECAST, Visakhapatnam, 2000.
16. International Conference on EMI / EMC, India, 1999.
17. National Seminar on EMI / EMC, Calcutta, 1998.
18. National Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSYM – 98), Cochin, 1998.
19. International Conference on EMI / EMC, India, 1997.
20. National Conference on FARE, Visakhapatnam, 1996.
21. National Seminar on EMI / EMC, LRDE, Bangalore, 1996.
22. International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility, India, 1995.
23. International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics and Applications, China, 1994.
24. International Conference on Progress in Electromagnetic Research, USA, 1993.
25. National Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSYM – 92), Cochin, 1992.
1. Summer School on "Fundamentals of RF Engineering for Modern Wireless Systems", May 25-31, 2009.
2. Summer School on "Technology CAD (TCAD) for VLSI Design," June 1-7, 2009.
3. Short-Term Course on "Advanced Electromagnetics and Applications (STAEM-07)", 2007.
4. Tribal Development Program – 2007.
5. An awareness program in energy saving in using in using electric/electronic home appliances for house wives, 2007.
6. Training program for self employment and entrepreneurship in the design and fabrication of electronic adapter circuits (PEAC), 2007.
7. Workshop on Electromagnetics in Telecommunications (EMIT – 07), December 27-28, 2007.
8. National Conference on "Advanced Communication Technologies (ACT – 06)", 2006.
9. International Conference on "Bio-Medical, Electronics and TeleCommunications" to be held in December 2004.
10. National Seminar on Electronics and Advanced Technologies", 2004.
11. National Seminar on "State of Art Technologies in Information, Communication and Entertainment", 2003.
12. "Student Seminar on Advanced Communications", 2002.
13. Seminar on "Futuristic Approach for Communication Technologies", 2000.
14. Seminar on "Roll of E-commerce in Accelerating Societal Transformation", 2000.
15. Seminar on "Renewable Energy Resources", 1999.
16. National Conference on "Modern Trends in Electronics and Communication Systems", 1995.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Sandy will be the keynote speaker of Rebuilding Alliance's Gala Awards and Benefit Dinner on January 26, which celebrates advocates and storytellers. Rebuilding Alliance is an organization dedicated to advancing equal rights for the Palestinian people through education, advocacy, and other means of support. Click here to learn more about the event.
Sandy will lead a conversation at USC Annenberg on January 22 with journalist and Hearst fellow, Michelle García. For more than 10 years, Michelle García has investigated the intersection of national identity, race and of the U.S.-Mexico border. In her presentation, García shares insights and experiences from reporting on the construction of the border wall, the violence in Mexico, and the most recent crisis on the border, real and imagined. Click here to learn more about the event.


text:
Treatment Options for Tendonitis
More in Orthopedics
Hip & Knee
Leg, Foot & Ankle
Assistive Devices & Orthotics
Medication & Injections
Jonathan Cluett, MD
Jonathan Cluett, MD, is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon with subspecialty training in sports medicine and arthroscopic surgery.
a board-certified physician
Tendonitis occurs when there is inflammation and irritation of the tendons. Tendons are the tight, band-like structures that connect muscles to bone. When the muscle contracts, the tendon is forcefully pulled. Tendonitis occurs when the tendons become inflamed as a result of injury or overuse.
Rest the Injury
Tendonitis treatment must begin by avoiding aggravating movements. This may mean taking a break from a favorite activity for a period of time, but this is a necessary step to allow the inflamed tendon to heal. It is also recommended in tendonitis treatment to try alternative activities; for example, if you are a runner who is experiencing knee pain due to tendonitis, try incorporating swimming into your workout schedule. Often a splint or brace will be prescribed to help protect the area.
Ice the Tendons
Icing the area of inflammation is an important part of tendonitis treatment. The ice will help to control the inflammation and decrease swelling. By minimizing inflammation and swelling, the tendon can return to its usual state and perform its usual function.
Ice is also an effective pain-relieving step that many patients find even more effective than medication taken by mouth. You can ice frequently, but take frequent breaks to allow the skin to warm again between icing.
How to Ice Your Injury the Right Way and Reduce Swelling
Take Anti-Inflammatory Medications
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) include a long list of possibilities such as Ibuprofen, Motrin, Naprosyn, Celebrex, and many others.
Tendonitis treatment can be improved by these medications that will decrease pain and swelling.
Talk to your doctor before starting NSAIDs, as there are possible medical conditions that may prevent you from safely taking these medications.
Consider a Shot of Cortisone
If the symptoms of tendonitis are persistent, an injection of cortisone may be considered. Cortisone is a powerful anti-inflammatory medication, but instead of being given by mouth, it is injected directly into the site of inflammation. This can be extremely helpful for situations that are not improved with rest.
Not all types of tendonitis can be addressed with cortisone injections. For example, Achilles tendonitis is rarely injected with cortisone because of concerns about the possible rupture of the tendon. Cortisone injections also have possible side effects that you should be aware of before having a shot.
Cortisone Shots: Uses, Benefits, and Side Effects
Strengthening and Physical Therapy
Proper strengthening technique can help you avoid tendonitis by using your muscles in a safe, more efficient manner. For example, patients with rotator cuff tendonitis can learn ways to move the shoulder that will not cause inflammation. Do not begin exercises until the inflammation of tendonitis has subsided.
Physical Therapy Can Help You Recover More Quickly
Take Breaks
Alternate repetitive tasks with breaks to relieve stress on the tendons. Don't perform one activity continuously for hours at a time. For those with exercise-related tendonitis, try to vary your workouts to relieve the repetitive stress of one exercise activity.
Protect the Tendons
Some patients who have chronic tendonitis will find relief by protecting the affected area when performing certain activities. For example, wrist splints can be worn while gardening or Chopat straps (patellar tendonitis) can be worn while playing sports.
The steps listed above are usually adequate tendonitis treatment, and most patients have a resolution of their symptoms. Learning to avoid activities that may cause a tendonitis flare-up can also be important.
Tendonitis due to underlying conditions such as arthritis and gout are more difficult to treat and recur more frequently. The best management in these situations is to do your best to avoid flare-ups of gouty attacks or arthritic episodes and to avoid activities which you have learned cause tendonitis.
Arthritis Foundation. Tendonitis.
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Achilles Tendinitis. Updated June 2010.
Sprouse RA, Mclaughlin AM, Harris GD. Braces and Splints for Common Musculoskeletal Conditions. Am Fam Physician. 2018;98(10):570-576.
7 Steps for Treatment of Bursitis (And Prevent It From Returning)
Are Cortisone Injections Safe for You?
7 Steps to Treat Hip Bursitis
Learn the Treatment Options for Calcific Tendonitis of the Shoulder
How Are Ankle Tendon Injuries Treated?
Wrist Tendonitis Signs, Causes, and Treatments
Why You Need to Avoid Cortisone for an Achilles Injury
What Are the Best Treatments for Trigger Finger?
Cortisone Shots for Inflammation: Benefits, Side Effects, and More
6 Common Types of Tendonitis
How Long Does It Take a Cortisone Shot to Work?
Cortisone Flares and Why There's Pain After a Steroid Shot
Learn If You Could Be at Risk of de Quervain's Tenosynovitis
8 Ways to Treat and Prevent an Achilles Tendonitis
How Tendonitis of the Patellar Tendon Is Treated
What You Should Know About Repeated Cortisone Shots


Visited by many for the walk to Old Harry Rocks but the south facing escarpment slope provides an abundance of flowers and is a prime site for butterflies.
Lots of people visit Ballard Down each year. It forms the eastern end of the Purbeck Ridge and is well known because Old Harry Rock stand in the sea off the very end of the down. A challenging climb from some directions but the reward is stunning views away to the Isle of Wight in the east and over Poole harbour and on to the north Dorset hills to the west. To the south you can see over Swanage Bay and Durlston Point and way out to sea.
Although the top of the down provides the best views, the south facing escarpment slope provides the best natural interest with an abundance of flowers and it is a prime site for butterflies. Indeed, two of the rarest British butterflies, the adonis blue and the Lulworth skipper can be found here in good numbers along with many other species including the declining wall brown. Amongst the flowers look for autumn ladies tresses in late August/early September.
If you want exercise and good views then head for the top of the down from the Studland side, if you want wildlife then head for the slopes from Ulwell on the Swanage side.


I love finding random books in random places. Sometimes the random books are one of the best I've read and this one is no exception. I found this simple, fun bed-time story at AC Moore.
What first attracted me to this book were the illustrations. I love bold bright colors and out of all the books of this kind in the bin at AC Moore, I only bought two. The two that caught my color eye and attention. This was one of them. As I read the story, I found that not only were the illustration colorful, but they were fun as well, full of hidden treasures that compliment the story.
And speaking of the story, what an interesting way to get children to fall asleep. "Have you ever done these werid things with these weird creatures and their weird names? No. Well you can, in your dreams." And what kid wouldn't want to say howdy-do to the Grimbles on Mars. I do.


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Hello and thank you so much for stopping by Tots N' Squats!
My name is Kelly Kaprowski and I am a certified Personal Fitness Trainer, Holistic Nutritionist/Lifestyle Coach and Kids Nutrition Specialist who specializes in women's health. Most importantly, I am a proud Mother to my two beautiful identical twin daughters, Sophie and Olivia and a little boy on the way! Prior to having children, I was a Fitness Trainer, specializing in women's health, training clients in Calgary, Paris and Houston. Since having my own children and experiencing some of the challenges that accompany fertility and Motherhood, training Mothers and helping them become their strongest self has become my true passion.
As a previous avid "gym attendee," becoming a full time stay at home Mother of twins was a huge change to my fitness schedule. I no longer had the time to devote to my gym routine as I had two little sweethearts dependent on me 24/7! I knew that I had to change my mindset on fitness, get creative, break it into smaller manageable segments and fit in fitness when and where I could!
I wanted to get back into fitness as soon as I could, as exercise truly fuels my body and mind, keeping me physically and mentally strong and healthy. However, I also wanted to spend as much time with my babies as I could, as this was precious time with my girls. So I found a way to incorporate fitness into my everyday routine, use my babies as my weights, bond while getting in a burn, make incredible memories while getting in shape and most importantly, setting an incredible example of health for my daughters.
My goal is to empower all Mothers to find creative ways to fit in fitness at home with their children and become their very best self!


text:
OAS asks Peru to hold general elections soon
Home/Health/Infections continue to soar in Russia, German museums braced for reopening
Infections continue to soar in Russia, German museums braced for reopening
Online News EditorMay 10, 2020
Madrid Desk, May 10 (efe-epa).- The number of coronavirus cases in Russia has surpassed 200,000, a figure that has doubled in the space of 10 days, according to health authorities.
There have also been 1,915 deaths linked to Covid-19.
Health officials said there had been another 11,012 coronavirus cases detected in the last 24 hours, around 42 percent of them asymptomatic, bringing the total number to 209,688. It is now the fourth country on the list of confirmed infections and is nearing the United Kingdom, which has 215,800.
The capital Moscow remains the epicenter of Russia's epidemic and is one of the world's virus hotspots. Health authorities registered a further 5,551 cases in the last 24 hours, bringing the regional total to 109,740, more than half the national total.
There were 414 new cases in St. Petersburg.
According to official data, 80 percent of cases have affected people under 65.
Furthermore, some 152 medical staff members have died from the virus, according to a list compiled by an independent medical organization.
Moscow has extended its lockdown until at least the end of May.
The Italian government has approved a decree to revise the conditions underpinning the release and transfer to home arrest of Mafia gang members as a health precaution due to the coronavirus following criticism of the measure.
Some 367 convicted gangsters have been released from prisons and placed in custody at home in recent weeks as the government took efforts to stem the spread of Covid-19 in the prison system, according to the Repubblica newspaper.
Roughly 6,000 prisoners, all with 18 months or less left on their sentences, have been released early as part of the measure.
The government approved a document late Saturday stipulating that judicial authorities will review each transfer to home custody within the first two weeks and then every month thereafter to ensure that the conditions are being met and the move was justified.
The judicial body will remain in constant contact with regional authorities and as soon as an adequate penal institution is available the prisoner will once again be interned.
According to the government, this text demonstrated its commitment to fighting the mafia while respecting the constitution and struck a balance between health and security.
CORONAVIRUS EUROPE EFE
Seeking refuge from Covid-19, Brazil Indians move further into Amazon jungle


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Tag Archives: bohemia
Montmartre Up :: Pigalle Down
Posted by patwa in Artist's Studios, Artists in Paris, Artists Near Paris, Artists' Graves, Nightclubs and bars in Paris, Paris, Restaurants in Paris, Study Art in France
art studios in Paris, beatniks, bohemia, cafe-life, design, Dufy, painting, people-watching, poets, Toulouse-Lautrec, Utrillo, Valadon, Vincent Van Gogh, walk in Paris, writers
Throughout the Belle Epoque, Pigalle, the neighborhood at the foot of Montmarte hill,
was the place to go for cheap nightlife. Pigalle and Montmartre still have a reputation for providing any kind of excitement for hire.
Back then the village was a mix of local folks and artists, writers and noisy upstarts who wrote poetry or music or manifestos. The lot of them were anarchists to the bourgeois. Down on the streets of Pigalle or high up on Montmartre, the artists' eccentric behavior, erratic hours and street parties were tolerated, even encouraged. Who was to stop them, anyway?
Gaining definition after the Revolution, Montmartre was created a jurisdiction in 1790 with 400 residents. By 1857 there were 36,000 citizens in the village and it was annexed by Paris three years later, in 1860. Baron Haussmann's grand boulevards opened the densely populated urban areas of the city below and made public transit feasible. But the steep hill of Montmartre remained relatively untouched until construction on Sacre-Coeur Basilica began in 1875. The economic constraints and political disarray left after the Franco-Prussion War and the Paris Commune in 1871 played a role in slowing down the hell-bent passions of artists lured to Montmartre. Later in the 20th century, after World War II, visitors to the massive Basilica with the striking mosque-like towers and bulbous white dome spilled into the artist's quarter of Montmarte, bringing the by-products of tourism with them.
The streets were narrow and twisting, lined with worker's houses and small shops. Even today, Montmarte's alleys and streets defy a grid system, curving to fit topography or the clusters of former farm houses. The neighborhood was changed radically by the end of the first world war when the cathedral was completed.
Artists and budding photographers searched for village characters as subjects. Montmarte magnified the simple country life with the noble windmills and rustic villagers. Above the city, away from the bourgeoisie, Montmarte also embraced 19th century sexual libertine mores in the free-wheeling cabarets filled with comely jeune filles.
In Hippolyte Bayard's photographs, the most extensive visual record of mid-19th century Montmarte available, the windmills dominate the horizon. Green patches are squeezed between rustic shuttered houses, shops and music halls. Laundry hangs out of upper windows. The white dust from the quarry covers the cobblestones.
To follow the footsteps of the 19th and early 20th century artists in Montmarte, start at the vineyard, rue des Saules and rue St. Vincent. The same vines were there when Vincent Van Gogh trudged up the hill to his favorite dance hall in the rue Rustique. And when the dwarf legged Toulouse-Lautrec stumbled along, tapping his cane on the paving stones, ears filled with brassy cabaret notes of the Moulin de la Galette or the Moulin Rouge, the scent of the sweating can-can girls in his nose. A plaque in the vineyard honors Poulbot (1879-1946) who painted the children who tended the vines.
Push open the door at 22, rue de Saules. Imagine the racket at the Lapin Agile a hundred years ago! Glasses clink, palms slap wooden tables, hoots of laughter, songs born in a surfeit of drink and rebellion. And what a mix of languages – French, Italian, English, German, Catalan, Dutch, Russian.
Inside, Andre Gill decorated the walls with paintings and posters about the crimes of Troppman, a Second Empire renegade, who became a popular hero. Outside, the old sign of an amusing rabbit jumping into a cookpot and holding a bottle of wine has endured till this day. With so many writers and artists, some of whom called themselves the Apaches in sympathy with Native Americans, with brilliant wordsmiths like Verlaine and Rimbaud hanging out there, we can assume jokes and stories flew fast. Huddled at a corner table, they might kid the barmaid: Was the owner Madame Adele, Monsieur Gill's agile rabbit, or he, her's?
Aristide Bruant, the innovative singer, journalist, publisher and activist, bought the cabaret in 1903. Not long afterwards, customers flocked to Lapin Agile from Cabaret Zut in neighboring Place Emile Goudeau, Bruant also persuaded the famous Frede away from Zut to work at the Lapin Agile. The artists frequented places where they knew they could speak freely and run a line of credit.
The Bateau-Lavoir, which burned in 1970, but has been restored, contained several artists' studios. Picasso, Brraque, Gris and others worked there and the site is considered the birthplace of Cubism. Picasso and his Spanish friends and anarchists carried on the boho tradition in Montmartre until WWI with a cast of characters that included the writers Max Jacob and Apollinaire. Early in his career, Picasso painted on the walls of Lapin Agile; did he talk the owner into settling a bar bill with a mural?
Artists met their models through their friends and congregated in the guinguettes and cafes. An enterprising young lady in need of employment might plant herself in a cafe and 'interview' prospective employers.
One such mademoiselle was Suzanne Valadon, a part time model beginning to try her hand at painting. Suzanne cut a unique path through the established method of learning to paint; she did not hunch over a palate in the Louvre copying the canvases of great painters past. Following her instincts, she developed a strong individual hand. Degas admired her early drawings and the two artists became life-long friends.
Valadon had been an acrobatic dancer, but a fall that injured her back cut short that career. Her first serious modeling assignment was for Puvis de Chavannes. Work with Renoir followed. Both met her at the Cabaret des Assassins (later, the Lapin Agile).
Maurice Utrillo Tomb, St. Vincent Cemetery, Montmartre
Valadon herself was a child of Montmartre and grew up on Blvd. Rochechouart. Crossing Montmartre to see friends, visit her studio, buy food and supplies, sometimes she took the quickest route and cut through the small Cemetery of St. Vincent where her artist son Maurice Utrillo would be buried in 1955.
Montmartre's church of St. Peter, at Place du Tertre, founded as a monastery during the Middle Ages, has a cornerstone laid in 1133 by Dame Adelaide of Savoie, Queen of France and wife of King Louis VI. Over the centuries, the church has been a Benedictine Abbey and a parish church. Architectural enrichments include Roman columns, remnants from a temple that likely once graced the site, vaulting from the 1400's and Romanesque walls with stained glass windows. St. Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuits, is believed to have vowed to create the order while in this church. A tile plaque near the entrance honors "Notre Dame de Montmartre, Notre Dame de Beaute, patronne des artistes."
The church holds much of Suzanne Valadon's history. Like many French women of her time and class, she was seriously devout and attended mass daily during the last decades of her life. Her funeral procession left from St. Peter's.
Whatever her early indiscretions, Valadon drank deeply of life's pleasures and used her talents wisely. Through the early years of the 20th century, mother and son lived in rue Tourlaque where Toulouse-Lautrec had a studio for some time. Some say the Toulouse-Lautrec and Valadon were lovers, more likely they were devoted friends.
Antique postcard of 12 rue Cortot, Montmartre.
By the mid 1920's, Utrillo, Suzanne Valadon, and the rest of their family lived at 12 rue Cortot, now the Museum of Montmartre. Paintings and memorabilia in the museum show the life of an artist in the quarter and especially as it played out in cafes and cabarets.
Many artists lived or worked at 12 rue Cortot over the decades, including Renoir and Emile Bernard and later, the fauvist painter Raoul Dufy. Emile Bernard never achieved the popularity or fame of his colleagues, though he started painting under Fernand Cormon's direction and befriended Gauguin and Van Gogh. Emile Bernard painted with Gauguin during the summer of 1886 in Pont-Aven, Brittany and with Van Gogh the following year at Asnieres where Van Gogh took a studio.
Place du Tertre, Montmartre
en.wikipedia.com
By the early decades of the 1900's, the artists and writers had expanded their turf, and many shifted to Montparnasse. Bohemian Montmarte of the 1920's continued the libertine tradition. Artists still worked there because even into the 1960's, Montmarte rooms were cheap, an artist's urban paradise. Radical innovators from all over the globe flocked to Paris, every artist's hometown.
Behind this simacrulum of artists at work there are remnants of the history of artists who once lived in Montmarte. The rents are far too steep for artists to live or work there now. And the vendors at the easles in Place du Tetre are mostly just window-dressing to create an artistic atmosphere to please the tourists.
Walking Resources – Map of Montmartre
Footsteps of the Artists :: Kandinsky
Posted by patwa in Artists in Paris, Artists' Graves, Paris, Study Art in France
art history, bohemia, design, painting
Vassily Kandinsky
Born in Moscow in 1866, Vassilly Kandinsky (also spelled Wassilly) was raised in comfort and educated to be a lawyer. After practicing law for a few years, Kandinsky started painting at age 30 and pursued art as his passion thereafter.
In Russia up until death of Lenin, artists enjoyed favored status. Creativity was encouraged. Artists produced and their ranks multiplied. Kandinsky's wild images were strange and wondrous, pushing the use of color to expand consciousness. Much beloved by those who knew him during his lifetime, Kandinsky was a visionary artist with a global audience for his paintings which are in museum and private collections around the world.
Kandinsky read the occult teachers popular in the early 20th century. He synthesized evolving precepts of anti-materialism and creativity into his book Concerning the Spiritual in Art published in 1910.
Concerning the Spiritual in Art
by V. Kandinsky
Vassily Kandinsky and his wife Nina moved to Paris in 1933, he came as an exile who'd lost his professorship in Munich after the Nazis closed the school. They also revoked his German citizenship acquired in 1927.
Vassilly and Nina Kandinsky settled in suburban Neuilly-sur-Seine on the sixth floor of a building overlooking the river.
Early 20th c. view of Paris
Neuilly-sur-Seine in distance
This was the era when Paris warmly welcomed refugees from other parts of Europe and beyond. Foreign artists included: Miro, Mondrian, Max Ernst, Brancusi, Rivera and many others.
They lived near the Bois de Boulogne with a view of Mont Valerien. After Liberation Day in 1945, the Mont Valerien property became a monument to those who were executed for work in the French underground resistance to Nazi occupation.
– Bois de Boulogne, Paris 1925
The Russian-French designer Sonia Delaunay and her husband Charles Delaunay were friendly colleagues of the Kandinskys. Fernand Leger and Jean Arp were also part of their circle, though Leger spent the World War II years teaching at Yale. Kandinsky liked to vacation at Cauterets in the Hautes-Pyrenees.
Kandinsky Color Study
For Kandinsky, the stateless citizen who fled to Paris, success and appreciation came during his lifetime. There were exhibitions in 1936, 1939, and 1942 at the Gallery Jeanne Bucher. Nina Kandinsky dubbed 1934-1944 "the years of synthesis".
The artist became a French citizen in 1939 and died in 1944. A school in Neuilly-sur-Seine bears his name. Kandinsky is buried at New Communal Cemetery, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
* Hilton Kramer on Kandinsky in Paris, The New Criterion, April 1985.
* Francois Le Targat, Kandinsky, Rizzoli, 1987.
Footsteps of the Artists :: Impressionists in Paris
art, art studios in Paris, artist cafes, beatniks, bohemia, philosophy, walk in Paris, writers
Passageway to hidden artists' studios in Paris.
© L Peat O'Neil
Footsteps of the Impressionists in Paris
Vincent Van Gogh lived in Paris at 56 rue Lepic, from 1886 to 1888 with his brother Theo. He painted rooftop scenes from that room and also painted at a friend's studio, 10 rue Constance.
Sink into the slightly seedy atmosphere of a bohemian artist's bistro at Au Virage Lepic, 61 rue Lepic. This bar/restaurant is run with an off-hand nonchalance that suggests the boozy haunts of more than a long century ago that attracted Toulouse-Lautrec and other artists to Montmartre. Arrive after late for dinner, or in the morning for a wake-up glass of red. A group of Parisian mates and I dined there in the mid 1980s. I'm cheered to see the bistro continues to prosper.
Tattered posters cover walls dimmed yellow by clouds of cigarette smoke. Rules about smoking in Montmartre's restaurants and bars may have changed during the 21st century. The chef at Au Virage Lepic relies on grilled meat and fried potatoes, timeless staples that no doubt nourished Vincent and Theo Van Gogh and their pals. Late in the evening a chanteuse drops by to pay homage to Edith Piaf.
Luxembourg Gardens
Ponies awaiting riders outside Luxembourg Gardens.
While he lived in the Luxembourg quarter, James McNeill Whistler strolled rue Notre Dame des Champs and at sundown, modern pedestrians evoke his vague street scenes with daubs of colorful clothing on a grey dusk background. When he returned to Paris from London in 1892, Whistler painted in a studio on the sixth floor at 86 rue Notre Dame des Champs. The building cornerstone is dated 1880, so it was relatively new when Whistler leased space. The exterior is painted pale peach with white trim.
Whistler's aura lives in the building where his British pals — dubbed the "Paris Gang" — had studios in the building at 53 Notre Dame des Champs and Jamie Whistler, the expat American, was a frequent visitor. Today, the building is called Lucernaire and serves as an arts center, with cinema, theaters, galleries and cafes. Lucernaire was founded by Christian Le Guillochet and Luce Berthomme for actors, writers and cinematographers during the 1960s to reanimate the French cafe-theater movement.
Art Studios known as La Ruche or Beehive.
At 8 rue de la Grands-Chaumiere, off rue Notre Dame des Champs, a brass plate marks Atelier Modigliani, the artist's last studio. "Modi", as his colleagues called him, lived and worked there until friends transported him to the charity hospital at 47 rue Jacob where he died a couple of days later from tuberculosis January 24, 1920.
Gauguin also lived and worked in that building and next door, at number 6, a classic artist's studio with wrought iron art nouveau windows in the style favored at the Glasgow Institute of Fine Arts.
Other remarkable people called this area their own. The literary critic and cultural historian Charles Sainte-Beuve lived at 19 rue Notre Dame des Champs while befriending Victor Hugo's family who lived at number 11, decades before the Impressionists and their contemporaries arrived in the neighborhood. Dozens of other artists worked in the area which makes an interesting walk from Metro station Notre-Dame-des-Champs.
Though only 137 meters long, rue Grands Chaumiere was an artists' street throughout the 19th century and retains its reputation for its fine art schools, student residences, studios and painter's supply stores. Restaurant Wadja, next to Atelier Modigliani exudes arty atmosphere.
Both Gauguin and Rousseau painted at studios in the Montparnasse neighborhood, but few vestiges of the artistic life endure. A meagerly stocked art supply store that I noted in 1988 at 26 rue Vercingetorix, not far from Paul Gauguin's studio at number 6, is a decorator's shop in the shadow of high rise towers like most of the neighborhood. Nearby at number 2 rue Penrel, Henri Rousseau lived for years, but street widening swept away his cottage and the lane is now part of a children's playground.
Notre Dame du Travail
In the shadows of these pale post-modern office buildings is a unique church, Notre Dame du Travail de Plaisance at 59 rue Vercingetorix. Exposed iron girders like those used by Gustave Eiffel for his tower, replace the masonry buttresses one expects in a gothic style church. Instead of the usual painted images of saints on the chapel walls, the inspirational figures are white washed and decorated with art nouveau borders, like the edges of a page.
Artists have long been associated with the left bank and Latin Quarter near the Sorbonne and l'École des Beaux-Arts. Picasso lived and worked at 7 rue Grands-Augustins from 1936 until 1955. He painted his mural "Guernica" there. A plaque on the wall proclaims his tenancy. The house is within a minutes' walk of rue Christine where Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas lived at number 5 where ivy covers the square pillar at the base of the stairs, obscuring the house number. When my father studied and worked in Paris after the Liberation of France in 1945, he and other Army chaps paid homage at the Stein-Toklas house.
Picasso's Barcelona heritage is reflected in the Catalan bookstore that anchored rue des Grands Augustins where it intersects rue St. Andre des Arts for decades. As the neighborhood has experienced an influx of upmarket tenants, the bookstore faced closure with a brave face. Picasso is said to have enjoyed the fare at the restaurant Jacques Cogna, 14 Grandes Augustins, which is still in business in the 21st century. Browse the used bookstores along rue St. Andre des Arts.
Todays posers and painters may drink at Bar Mazet, 61 Rue St. Andre des Arts, which was a rough and tumble cafe and beer-hall in the early 1990s and is now an Irish sports pub. Or, head around the corner to 23 rue de l'Ancienne Comedie which was once the Relais Odeon, but in its 21st century incarnation is a fancy bakery.
In the heart of the busy, golden Blvd. Saint Germain, Café de Flore was Picasso's hangout, along with distinguished writers and intellectuals of the late 1920s and 30s. Sartre and de Beauvoir wrote and played footsie there. One can assume that Picasso doodled on menus or matchbooks and Hemingway plotted conquests. The waiters are consummate professionals; show your sophistication with humility for the grand tradition.
Also on the left bank, the rue de l'École de Medecine still exists, but a textbook store and part of the medical school claim the space that was once Brasserie Andler at 24-30 rue de l'École de Medecine, where during the last two decades of the 19th century, Courbet, Baudelaire, Corot and the older impressionist painters and symbolist writers congregated and traded toasts. Painter Rosa Bonheur lived at number 24 from 1864 to 1866.
Though not part of the Impressionist Movement, Eugene Delicroix developed a painting style that evoked light and movement through innovative brushwork and a complex color palette. The Delicroix Museum at 6 rue de Furstenberg facing a calm residential courtyard, is a gem of a small museum preserved by the Musees Nationaux. The painter's house and studio are open for view and an array of his works are displayed.
In the posh area near the Champs Elysee, the American painter Mary Cassatt lived on the fifth floor at 10 rue de Marignan, a quiet side street. The fifth floor is at the top level of the building. Twentieth century tenants include a life insurance company and a gynecologist's office.
In the fashionable 16th arrondissement, painter Berthe Morisot and her husband Eugene Manet, brother of painter Edouard Manet, built the house at 40 rue Paul Valery, known as rue de Villejust before 1945. In her diary, their daughter Julie Manet records the frequent visits of other impressionist artists — Degas, Claude Monet, Renoir and others.
Le Bal Mabile painted by Jean Beraud
The public dance halls and outdoor dancing parks such as Bal Mabille provided artists their choice of comely models. They picked up dancers to be pose for them, and some became their companions. For 2 francs entrance fee, people could dance the waltz, quadrilles, mazurkas and polkas. Toulouse-Lautrec was fond of painting the dance hall girls and singers at Thermes Saint Honore, which, alas, was destroyed.
In the Odeon neighborhood, Cafe Voltaire is history. In Montmartre, the country lanes Renoir, Gauguin and Van Gogh strolled are trimmed and paved. Montmarte Cemetery is a peaceful reminder of the past. But elsewhere artist's garrets rent for a fortune and gallery owners want to see a deep resume before considering paintings. Paris has changed in at least one aspect as hometown for the world's artists; it costs more.
Montparnasse Cemetery with windmill built by Les Frères de la Charité (Brothers of Charity). © L Peat O'Neil
Walking where the famous artists did, seeing their rooms and studios (or whatever has replaced those structures) or visiting their graves, nurtures deeper understanding of their lives and work. Following their footsteps and imagining their daily lives, where they created, drank and talked transposes time and stretches one's own vision.
Artist's Cafes — Almost any cafe or bar near an art school has "artists-in-residence". Be aware that not all restaurants, bars or cafes are open on Sunday and in Paris many establishments lock their doors during August. The places listed below may well offer menus far more expensive than students or emerging artists could afford.
Café de Flore, 172 Blvd. St. Germain. Metro: St. Germain des Près.
La Palette, 43 rue de Seine. Metro: Mabillon.
Le Petit Zinc, 11 rue Saint-Benoit. Metro: St. Germain des Près
Restaurant Wadja, 10 rue de la Grande-Chaumiere. Metro: Vavin.


Scientists have created a new material with enhanced piezoelectricity, which could lead to better-performing ultrasound and sonar devices, according to a study in Nature Materials.
High-performance piezoelectric ceramic materials, such as lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT), have the ability to generate an electric current when pressure is applied, and are used in a range of applications, such as sensors and electromechanical devices like transducers and actuators.
Now, an international team of scientists, including researchers from the University of Wollongong in Australia, has produced a new material with twice the piezoelectric response than in standard PMN-PT by adding small amounts of samarium, a rare-earth metal, to crystals of PMN-PT.
"The majority of existing useful materials are discovered by trial-and-error experiments," Long-Qing Chen, one of the study's authors, told Nanowerk. "But here we designed and synthesized a new piezoelectric ceramic guided by theory and simulations."