text:
\section{Introduction}

Within dimensional regularization \cite{dimreg},
the integration-by-parts (IBP) technique \cite{ibp} (for a recent review, see
Ref.~\cite{Grozin}) is one of the most powerful tools for evaluating multiloop
Feynman diagrams.
However, the question how to construct algebraical, geometrical, or topological
criteria for the (ir)reducibility of Feynman diagrams in general is still an
open one \cite{reducibility}.
At present, only the explicit solution of recurrence relations (see, for
example, Ref.~\cite{Tarasov}), or the application of the Laporta algorithm
\cite{Laporta}, as implemented in computer programs \cite{Laporta:computer},
provide an answer on this question.

In a series of recent publications \cite{Kalmykov,BKK,review,Bytev:2011ks}, we
addressed the problem of counting nontrivial master integrals with the help of
hypergeometric representations for Feynman diagrams and the
differential-reduction algorithm \cite{Takayama}.
By detailed analysis, we thus derived the following empirical criteria for the
hypergeometric representation of Feynman diagrams:
If a Feynman diagram is expressible as a linear combination of Horn-type
hypergeometric functions with rational coefficients, then
(i) each hypergeometric function has the same number of basis elements in the
framework of differential reduction \cite{Takayama};
and (ii) the number of nontrivial master integrals is equal to the number of
basis elements of the hypergeometric functions (up to the modules of Feynman
integrals expressible in terms of products of algebraic functions and
$\Gamma$ functions).

These criteria were conjectured on the basis of the analysis of a variety of
particular examples \cite{Kalmykov,BKK,review}.
A rigorous mathematical proof is still lacking.
The aim of this Letter is to present a first example where the application of
our criteria allow us to find an additional algebraic relation between master
integrals which does not follow from the standard IBP technique.
In fact, Tarasov's algorithm \cite{Tarasov} for the reduction of two-loop
propagator diagrams, as implemented in the computer packages of
Ref.~\cite{Mertig:1998vk}, and Laporta's algorithm \cite{Laporta}, as
implemented in the computer package of Ref.~\cite{Laporta:computer}, fail to
produce this relation.

Let us consider the two-loop self-energy sunset-type diagram $J_{012}$ with
on-shell kinematics, defined as
\begin{equation}
J_{012}(\sigma,\beta,\alpha) =\pi^{-n}
\int
\left.
\frac{d^nk_1d^nk_2}{[(p-k_1)^2]^\sigma[(k_1-k_2)^2+M^2]^\alpha[k_2^2+m^2]^\beta}
\right|_{p^2=-m^2},
\label{J012}
\end{equation}
where $n=4-2\varepsilon$ is the dimensionality of space time
(see Fig.~\ref{j012}).
\begin{figure}[th]
\centering
{\vbox{\epsfysize45mm \epsfbox{j021.eps}}}
\caption{
Two-loop self-energy sunset-type diagram $J_{012}$.}
\label{j012}
\end{figure}
Such a diagram contributes to the pole mass of the top quark \cite{JK04}.
The hypergeometric representation of this diagrams was presented in Eq.~(3.12)
of Ref.~\cite{JK04}.
We reproduce it here for completeness:
\begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{
J_{012}(\sigma,\beta,\alpha)
=
(M^2)^{n-\sigma-\alpha-\beta}
\frac{\Gamma(\tfrac{n}{2} \!-\! \sigma)}
    {\Gamma(\sigma) \Gamma(\alpha) \Gamma(\beta)
\Gamma(\tfrac{n}{2})}
\Biggl[
\Gamma\left(\tfrac{n}{2} \!-\! \beta \right)
\Gamma\left(\alpha \!+\! \beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! n \right)}
\nonumber \\
&&{}\times \Gamma\left(\beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2} \right)
{}_{4}F_3 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
\alpha \!+\! \beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! n,
\beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\tfrac{\beta}{2}, \tfrac{1+\beta}{2} \\
1 \!+\! \beta \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\beta, \tfrac{n}{2}
\end{array} ~\frac{4m^2}{M^2} \right)
+ \left( \frac{m^2}{M^2} \right)^{n/2-\beta}
\nonumber \\
&&{}\times
\Gamma\left(\beta \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2}\right)
\Gamma(\sigma)
\Gamma\left(\alpha \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2}\right)
{}_{4}F_3 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
\sigma,
\alpha \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\tfrac{n-\beta}{2}, \tfrac{1+n-\beta}{2} \\
1 \!+\! \tfrac{n}{2} \!-\! \beta,
n \!-\! \beta, \tfrac{n}{2}
\end{array} ~\frac{4m^2}{M^2} \right)
\Biggr] \;.
\label{J012:hyper}
\end{eqnarray}
In the framework of differential reduction \cite{BKK}, the first hypergeometric
function in Eq.~(\ref{J012:hyper}) is expressible in terms of a Gauss
hypergeometric function and a rational function $R_1(z)$ of $z=4m^2/M^2$,
whereas the second one is expressible in terms of a ${}_3F_2$ function with one
unit upper parameter and a rational function $R_2(z)$.
Schematically, we have
\begin{eqnarray}
&&
{}_{4}F_3 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
\alpha \!+\! \beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! n,
\beta \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\tfrac{\beta}{2}, \tfrac{1+\beta}{2} \\
1 \!+\! \beta \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\beta, \tfrac{n}{2}
\end{array} ~z \right)
\to
(1, \theta)
\times
{}_{2}F_1 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
I_1 \!-\! n,
\tfrac{1}{2} \!+\! I_2 \\
\tfrac{n}{2} \!+\! I_3
\end{array} ~z \right) \!+\! R_1(z)\;,
\nonumber\\
&&
{}_{4}F_3 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
\sigma,
\alpha \!+\! \sigma \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\tfrac{n-\beta}{2}, \tfrac{1+n-\beta}{2} \\
1 \!+\! \tfrac{n}{2} \!-\! \beta,
n \!-\! \beta, \tfrac{n}{2}
\end{array} ~z \right)
\to
(1, \theta)
\times
{}_{3}F_2 \left(\begin{array}{c|}
1,
I_1 \!-\! \tfrac{n}{2},
\tfrac{n}{2} \!+\! \tfrac{1}{2} \!+\! I_2 \\
n \!+\! I_3,
\tfrac{n}{2} \!+\! I_4
\end{array} ~z \right) \!+\! R_2(z) \;,
\nonumber\\
&&
\end{eqnarray}
where $\theta = zd/dz$, the short-hand notation $(1, \theta)$ stands for
$(P_1(z) + P_2(z)\theta)$, with $P_i$ being rational functions (see Eqs.~(17)
and (20) in Ref.~\cite{BKK}), and $I_i$ ($i=1,\ldots,4$) are integers.
According to our criteria, there are two master integrals for this diagram that
are not expressible in terms of $\Gamma$ functions.
However, as shown by Tarasov in Ref.~\cite{Tarasov}, solving the standard
IBP relations \cite{ibp} yields three master integrals of this
type, namely $J_{012}(1,1,1)$, $J_{012}(1,2,1)$, and $J_{012}(1,1,2)$, which is
confirmed with the help of the computer packages of
Refs.~\cite{Laporta:computer,Mertig:1998vk}.
Consequently, either our criteria are wrong or there exists an algebraic
relation between the integrals $J_{012}(1,1,1)$, $J_{012}(1,2,1)$, and
$J_{012}(1,1,2)$, possibly including some algebraic functions depending on $z$
and products of $\Gamma$ functions.

To find this relation, let us explore Eq.~(\ref{J012:hyper}) and present the
master integrals in the following form:
\begin{equation}
X_{111} =  A x_1 + B y_1 \;,
\quad
X_{121} = A x_2 + B y_2 \;,
\quad
X_{112} =  A x_3 + B y_3 \;,
\end{equation}
where
\begin{eqnarray}
X_{\sigma\beta\alpha} & = & (M^2)^{4-n}\left( \frac{n}{2} - 1 \right)
 J_{012}(\sigma,\beta,\alpha) \;,
\\
A & = &
\Gamma\left( \frac{n}{2} \!-\! 1 \right)
\Gamma\left( 3 \!-\! n \right)
\Gamma\left( 2 \!-\! \frac{n}{2} \right)  \;,
\quad
B  =
\left(
\frac{z}{4}
\right)^{n/2-1}
\Gamma\left( 1 \!-\! \frac{n}{2} \right)
\Gamma\left( 2 \!-\! \frac{n}{2} \right)  \;,
\nonumber\\
x_1 & = & {}_2F_1\left( \tfrac{1}{2},a;b;z \right)  \;,
\quad
x_2  =  \frac{a-1}{z} \left[ {}_2F_1\left( \tfrac{1}{2},a;b;z \right) - 1 \right] \;,
\quad
\nonumber \\
x_3 &  = &  a {}_2F_1\left( \tfrac{1}{2},1+a;b;z \right)  \;,
\quad
y_1  =  {}_3F_2\left(1,  \tfrac{n-1}{2},c; \tfrac{n}{2}, d;z \right)  \;,
\nonumber\\
y_2 & =& - \frac{2}{z} (d-1) {}_3F_2\left(1,\tfrac{n-1}{2},c; \tfrac{n}{2}, d-1; z \right)  \;,
\quad
y_3   =   c {}_3F_2\left(1,\tfrac{n-1}{2},1+c; \tfrac{n}{2}, d;z \right)  \;,
\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
with
\begin{eqnarray}
a  =  3 - n \;,
\quad
b = \frac{n}{2} \;,
\quad
c =  2 - \frac{n}{2} \;,
\quad
d = n \!-\! 1 \;,
\end{eqnarray}
and
$
{}_pF_{p-1}(\vec{a};\vec{b};z)
$
being a hypergeometric function.
Notice that the ${}_4F_3$ functions in Eq.~\ref{J012:hyper} collapse to
${}_3F_2$ and ${}_2F_1$ functions according to Criterion~I defined in
Section~2.4 of Ref.~\cite{BKK} because upper indices exceed lower ones by
integers.
Using the relations
\begin{eqnarray}
a\, {}_pF_q(a+1,\vec{A};\vec{B};z) & = & \left( \theta + a \right) {}_pF_q(a,\vec{A};\vec{B};z) \;,
\nonumber  \\
(b-1)\, {}_pF_q(\vec{A};b-1,\vec{B};z) & = & \left( \theta + b - 1 \right) {}_pF_q(\vec{A}; b,\vec{B};z) \;,
\end{eqnarray}
it is easy to obtain
\begin{eqnarray}
(3n-8) x_1 + z x_2  + 2 x_3 &=& n-2 \;,
\nonumber \\
(3n-8) y_1 + z y_2  + 2 y_3 &=& 0 \;.
\end{eqnarray}
This is equivalent to the following relation between master integrals:
\begin{eqnarray}
\lefteqn{
(3n \!-\! 8)J_{012}(1,1,1)
+  4 m^2 J_{012}(1,2,1)
+ 2 M^2 J_{012}(1,1,2)}
\nonumber\\
&=&
2 (M^2)^{n-3}
\Gamma\left( \frac{n}{2} \!-\! 1 \right)
\Gamma\left( 3 \!-\! n \right)
\Gamma\left( 2 \!-\! \frac{n}{2} \right)  \;.
\label{main}
\end{eqnarray}
Eq.~(\ref{main}) does not only represent a relation between Feynman diagrams,
but also a relation between hypergeometric functions ${}_pF_q$, which is newly
derived from the differential reduction technique.

For $m^2=M^2$, we have
\begin{equation}
(3n - 8)J_{011}(1,1,1)+6 m^2 J_{011}(1,1,2)
= 2 (m^2)^{n-3}
\Gamma\left( \frac{n}{2} \!-\! 1 \right)
\Gamma\left( 3 \!-\! n \right)
\Gamma\left( 2 \!-\! \frac{n}{2} \right)  \;.
\label{aux}
\end{equation}
The integrals
$J_{011}(1,1,1)$
and
$J_{011}(1,1,2)$ with $m^2=M^2$
are master integrals of the package {\tt ON-SHELL2} \cite{onshell2}.
Eq.~(\ref{aux}) coincides with Eq.~(4.45) of Ref.~\cite{DK01}, where it was
derived by studying the analytical coefficients of the higher-order
$\varepsilon$ expansion of diagram $J_{011}(1,2,2)$ performed in
Ref.~\cite{basis}.

According to Ref.~\cite{czakon}, the last terms in Eqs.~(\ref{main}) and
(\ref{aux}) may be identified with a two-loop bubble diagram with one massive
line divided by $M^2(n-2)$, so that Eq.~(\ref{main}) is an algebraic
relation between four two-loop diagrams.
However, that two-loop bubble diagram, having two massless lines, cannot be
obtained from the original two-loop sunset diagram with two massive lines by
the contraction of lines.
Consequently, Eq.~(\ref{main}) cannot be derived from standard IBP relations
for two-loop sunset diagrams.

At this point, a comment on the structural difference between the
differential-reduction and IBP approaches seems appropriate.
Eq.~(\ref{main}) represents a linear relation between master integrals that
contains an inhomogenious term involving $\Gamma$ functions on the right-hand
side.
However, it is clear from the structure of the IBP relations that the IBP
method can only result in relations between integrals in which the prefactors
are rational functions, while $\Gamma$ functions do not appear in IBP
relations.
This is another reason why Eq.~(\ref{main}) cannot be derived using the IBP
method.

In conclusion, counting the number of irreducible master integrals for the
diagram defined by Eq.~(\ref{J012}) using our criteria on the one hand and
the explicit analytical solution \cite{Tarasov,Laporta} of the standard
integration-by-part relations \cite{ibp}, as implemented in the widely used
program packages \cite{Laporta:computer,Mertig:1998vk}, on the other hand, we
encountered a mismatch.
This motivated us to established a new algebraic relation, namely
Eq.~(\ref{main}).
This is a first example where our criteria allow us to expose a new relation
between master integrals of the standard integration-by-part technique.

Finally, we wish to mention that the final result of Ref.~\cite{JK04} does not
depend on the number of master integrals.
In fact, all master integrals are expressible in terms of hypergeometric
functions, and the analytical coefficients of the $\varepsilon$ expansions of the
latter were constructed in Ref.~\cite{expansion}.

\vspace{5mm}
\noindent
{\bf Acknowledgments} \\
We are grateful to P.A.~Baikov, A.I.~Davydychev, A.G.~Grozin, A.V.~Kotikov,
and O.L.~Veretin for their interest in our work and for cross checking
Eq.~(\ref{main}).
We thank P.A.~Baikov and A.G.~Grozin for sharing with us their observation that
the propagator diagrams entering Eq.~(\ref{main}) may be considered as special
cases of more general propagator diagrams with five internal lines.
This work was supported in part by the German Federal Ministry for Education
and Research BMBF through Grant No.\ 05~HT6GUA, by the German Research
Foundation DFG through the Collaborative Research Centre No.~676
{\it Particles, Strings and the Early Universe---The structure of Matter and
Space Time}, and by the Helmholtz Association HGF through the Helmholtz
Alliance Ha~101 {\it Physics at the Terascale}.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Report focuses on police officer
By Michael Symons;
Gannett Statehouse Bureau;
A Port Authority of New York and New Jersey police officer who observed September's George Washington Bridge traffic mess and drove the authority executive who intentionally triggered it on a tour of the gridlock has a family friendship with Gov. Chris Christie since childhood, a news report say.
Correspondence with Lt. Thomas "Chip" Michaels was among the documents provided to the state Legislature, under a subpoena, in December by now-former Port Authority executive David Wildstein, who organized the secretive lane closings, according to an MSNBC report Sunday.
Michaels is identified in one email exchange with his supervisor, Capt. Darcy Licorish, asking on the Sunday before the lane closures whether a new traffic pattern would be taking effect. The bridge's manager, Robert Durando, told the Legislature in December that Wildstein toured the area with a police lieutenant; in a Monday email, Wildstein says he was leaving to "take a ride with Chip."
According to the MSNBC report, Michaels apparently was the author of text messages to Wildstein during the closures describing how bad the traffic was and suggested he may have an idea to make things better. The author of the messages isn't clear from the documents provided to the Legislature, and Wildstein refused to clarify that when he was called to testify in January. Wildstein's lawyer, Alan Zegas, offered to clarify the messages' authors in a private session.
Michaels, 44, who lives in Randolph, has worked at the Port Authority since 1998 and has been a youth hockey coach for the governor's son, Patrick. He grew up in Livingston, as did Christie. Though Michaels is seven years younger than the governor, their families have been friendly for years.
Wildstein also grew up in Livingston; he is a year older than Christie.
The detail was reported on "Up With Steve Kornacki."
Assemblyman John Wisniewski, D-Middlesex, co-chairman of the legislative committee investigating the bridge closure, told the show the report raises additional questions.
"It certainly fuels the skepticism that many have had about the governor's timeline," Wisniewski said.
Assemblyman Michael Patrick Carroll, R-Morris, also a member of the investigative committee, told MSNBC the connection is "a little bit too attenuated to me to take it very seriously as a next step in a vast conspiracy."
"Anything is possible. The fact is all conspiracy theories look possible from the outset," Carroll said. "There's a lot of grassy knoll in that discussion."
Wildstein directed Port Authority officials to reroute two of three access lanes to the George Washington Bridge accessible through Fort Lee, apparently at the direction of a former deputy chief of staff in Christie's office, Bridget Anne Kelly. That resulted in four days of gridlock in the borough. The reasons for the closure remain unclear.
Michaels' brother Jeffrey, 49, is a former chief of staff under Gov. Donald DiFrancesco and an influential figure. He teamed with Philip Norcross, a brother of Democratic Party political powerbroker George Norcross III, in 2010 to establish a new lobbying firm, Optimus Partners, and by 2012 it had grown to become the ninth biggest lobbying firm in Trenton with revenues of $1.3 million. According to a disclosure report, Michaels earned $489,402 through Optimus Partners in 2012 and Norcross earned $447,750.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Marco Hiller (born 20 February 1997) is a German professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for 1860 Munich.

Club career
Hiller began his youth career in 2003 at FC Grün-Weiß Gröbenzell, before moving to 1860 Munich's youth academy in 2008. He made his debut for the reserve side on 23 April 2018 against FV Illertissen in the Regionalliga Bayern, with the match a finishing as a 1–3 away loss. For the 2017–18 season, Hiller joined 1860's first team, which had been relegated to the Regionalliga. He made his debut on 13 July 2017 in a 4–1 home win against FC Memmingen. 1860 Munich finished as champions of the Regionalliga Bayern, and subsequently won the promotion play-offs to the 3. Liga against 1. FC Saarbrücken.

In the following season, Hiller made his professional debut in the first round of the 2018–19 DFB-Pokal against 2. Bundesliga side Holstein Kiel, which finished as a 1–3 home loss.

Honours
1860 Munich
 Regionalliga Bayern: 2017–18

References

External links

1997 births
Living people
German footballers
Association football goalkeepers
TSV 1860 Munich II players
TSV 1860 Munich players
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Moq;
using Moq.Protected;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Xunit;

namespace RestDotNet.Tests.Client
{
    public class RequestMethodTypeTests
    {
        private readonly Uri _uri;
        private readonly string _path;

        public RequestMethodTypeTests()
        {
            _uri = new Uri("http://test/");
            _path = string.Empty;
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Get_Executed()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Get, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest<object> restHandler = client.Get<object>(_path);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Put_Executed_When_Untyped_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Put, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest restHandler = client.Put(_path, 0);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Put_Executed_When_Typed_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Put, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest<object> restHandler = client.Put<object>(_path, 0);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Post_Executed_When_Untyped_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Post, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest restHandler = client.Post(_path, 0);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Post_Executed_When_Typed_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Post, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest<object> restHandler = client.Post<object>(_path, 0);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Delete_Executed_When_Untyped_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Delete, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest restHandler = client.Delete(_path);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task Delete_Executed_When_Typed_Requested()
        {
            var mock = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            mock.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task<HttpResponseMessage>.Factory.StartNew(() => new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK)))
                .Callback<HttpRequestMessage, CancellationToken>((request, token) => Assert.Equal(HttpMethod.Delete, request.Method));

            var client = new RestClient(_uri, mock.Object);
            IRestRequest<object> restHandler = client.Delete<object>(_path);
            await restHandler.ExecuteAsync();
        }

        private HttpMessageHandler CreateHandler(HttpStatusCode code, object expectedResponse = null)
        {
            var message = new HttpResponseMessage(code);
            if (expectedResponse != null)
                message.Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(expectedResponse));

            var handler = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
            handler.Protected()
                .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(message));
            return handler.Object;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Computers Gone Wild—6 Movies to Help You Ponder Our Quantum Future
James Jay Carafano
How do you explain quantum computing? Think of that vintage telephone at the General Store on Petticoat Junction. Put it next to your iPhone. That's the difference between computers and "quantum computers."
Every day, it seems like there is news of yet another breakthrough in computing. Technology experts debate exactly when we will all have quantum computers instead of Echo Dots, but the day is coming.
When they get here, they could change everything—including how we defend the country. Tech guru Klon Kitchen warns, "This science is advancing sufficiently to warrant our leaders' deliberate engagement to assure that the United States will thrive in the emerging quantum future."
Washington isn't ready, and it needs to be.
Maybe Hollywood can't solve this problem, but it couldn't hurt to look at how movies have dealt with out-of-control computational power. At least, maybe the Capitol Hill crowd could learn what not to do.
Some movies feature quantum computers as plot characters. They are uniformly awful, but Transcendence (2014) stands out. In this transcendently lame film, Johnny Depp's brain gets uploaded into a quantum computer. Who could have thought that was a good idea?
Hollywood does better when it takes it computers less seriously. Here is a list of films that can help us think deeply about the dark side of the new machine age.
Der Golem (1915). Granted, this film came from masters of early German silent films, not Tinseltown. Also granted, there is no technology in the film. Still, this story of a rabbi who molds a terminator out of clay is one of the first and most powerful films about what happens when men and women create forces they can't control.
Edison told a similar story in the first screen version of Frankenstein (1910). This theme is further explored in another early silent masterpiece, Metropolis (1927), a cautionary tale of what happens when a city gets smarter than its citizens.
Desk Set (1957). This may be the first big-budget Hollywood production where a computer gets top billing. Katherine Hepburn finds herself being replaced by Spencer Tracy's mainframe. Comedy and high-jinks ensue. In the end, man, woman and machine learn to work side-by-side in the workplace.
If that was a bold prediction, it was a quarter of a century before the first Commodore 64 Computer debuted at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Even back in the '50s people were saying computers would replace all of us. Today, some still think they will.
Others, however, think Desk Set got it right—that rather than people being pushed aside, humans and advanced computers will complement each other. Calculators didn't replace mathematicians, they note. So Quantum won't supplant California—or the rest of the country.
The Forbin Project (1970). Before there was the psycho computer "HAL"; before there was Sky Net; there was Charles A. Forbin. Forbin foolishly designs "Colossus" to automate the U.S. nuclear deterrent. Unfortunately, Colossus speed dates with the Soviet system, "Guardian," and together they decide to manage humanity. Please, humans, watch this movie—and never, never, leave the smart computer unsupervised.
THK1128 (1971). A director nobody ever heard of (George Lucas, who later made some other movies) and an actor nobody ever heard (Robert Duvall, who also went on to make some okay films) got together to present a frightening picture of the future: a time when technology turns society into a police state.
Of course, today this is no longer science fiction. It's China, where the regime is essentially automating totalitarianism.
Technology is neutral. It doesn't have a conscience. Humans do. Human society flourishes when it fosters freedom, security, and prosperity in equal measures. Build your quantum computers to do that. Don't be China—or the NBA, apparently.
Star Trek (1979). This was the Enterprise crew's debut on the silver screen. The plot—a computer gone mad—was a rehash of a television episode. Some Star Trek movies are better than others, but they all have one thing in common with the TV series: the computers are uniformly stupid.
In Star Trek, the "treknology" moves the plot along, but it doesn't make sense. After all, who would really want a faster-than-light computer without even a password to protect it? It's an open invitation to spread malware faster than light.
And, if the Enterprise's computer is so smart, why does the captain have to give inane commands like "fire the phasers." We already have weapons that can shoot by themselves. Let's be honest. Star Trek is the future of stupid.
Washington would do well to pause the science fiction and turn to more serious cinema.
Taming the Quantum World (2013) is a really well-done documentary explaining the development of quantum computers. It's as good a place as any to learn about the technology that will change our world.
A Heritage Foundation vice president, James Jay Carafano directs the think tank's research on issues of national security and foreign relations.
Image: Creative Commons.
Melania Trump reportedly didn't write her own thank-you notes for the White House staff
Melania Trump was reportedly "emotionally checked out" long before boarding Air Force One to leave D.C. on Wednesday, going as far as to outsource writing her "thank you" notes to the White House residence staff, The New York Times and CNN report.Traditionally, the first family of the United States will write short cards to their household staff, thanking them for taking care of them over the past four to eight years. The cards tend to be intimate and "much of the correspondence includes personal anecdotes and the letters become 'cherished keepsakes' for the residence staff," such as the butlers, cooks, and housekeepers, who do not tend to turn-over between administrations, CNN writes.Melania Trump, however, reportedly did not personally write the cards for the approximately 80 staff members charged with caring for her, her husband, and her teenage son, Barron, while they lived in the White House. Instead, she is said to have instructed a "lower-level East Wing staffer" to write the type-written notes "in her voice," and then signed her name."I think she was a reluctant first lady and she did it for her husband," society publicist R. Couri Hay, who knows Trump from New York, told The New York Times. He added that after she departs Washington, "I think that you will find that she will be even less visible, and less available."More stories from theweek.com Cheap, 'generic' drug reduces COVID-19 death risk by 75 percent, trials suggest Trump reportedly extended 24-hour Secret Service protection to his 4 adult children Bernie Sanders steals the inauguration with his grumpy chic outfit


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Premiere March 19, 1999
Finale March 21, 2003
Creator Rockne S. O'Bannon
Network/Provider Sci Fi Channel
Style 60-minute science fiction
Company Jim Henson Company
Seasons 4 + mini-series
Origin USA
In 1999, the creator of Alien Nation and SeaQuest DSV, Rockne S. O'Bannon along with The Jim Henson Company created Farscape. It follows the adventures of John Crichton, an American astronaut, who, while running an experiment, gets sucked into a wormhole. On the other side of the wormhole he gets captured by a group of escaped convicts, who have taken a living ship (Moya) as their own.
Because of the perspective from which Farscape is told, it is unique among science fiction shows because the main character is as much a stranger to the world as are the viewers. This enables him and the viewers to learn of the oddities of this world at the same time. This perspective also gives it a unique sense of humor, which is evidenced in the première, where Crichton, after grabbing a pistol from a guard and accidentally firing it, quips "Stop, or I'll fill you full of... Little yellow bolts of light."
Jim Henson's Creature Shop also did a fantastic job on the puppets that are used liberally throughout the show. Pilot & Rygel are main characters that are completely (outside of voices) played by puppets, something that other SF shows would likely do with Computer Graphics.
3 DVD Releases
4 External Sites
Main Cast 1 2 3 4 S
Claudia Black Aeryn Sun * * * * *
Ben Browder John Crichton * * * * *
Gigi Edgley Chiana * * * * *
Paul Goddard Stark o o * o *
Jonathan Hardy Dominar Rygel XVI (voice) * * * * *
Virginia Hey Pa'u Zotoh Zhaan * * * o
Raelee Hill Sikozu Svala Shanti Sugaysi Shanu o *
Melissa Jaffer Utu-Noranti Pralatong o o *
Wayne Pygram Scorpius o o * * *
Tammy MacIntosh Joolushko "Jool" Tunai Fenta Hovalis o o *
Anthony Simcoe Ka D'Argo * * * * *
Lani John Tupu Commander Bialar Crais o o *
Pilot (voice) * * * * *
Orange/Red/o indicates a recurring or guest role during that season.
Dark Green indicates top billing during that season.
Supporting/Recurring Cast 1 2 3 4 S
Kent McCord Jack Crichton * * * *
Rose Klemp Moya * * * * *
Sci Fi Channel
Season One March 19, 1999 January 28, 2000 22
Season Two March 17, 2000 January 26, 2001 22
Season Three March 16, 2001 April 26, 2002 22
Season Four June 7, 2002 March 21, 2003 22
The Peacekeeper Wars October 17, 2004 October 18, 2004 2
Complete Series (Region 1)
The Complete Series November 17, 2009 purchase 25
Season Sets (Region 1)
The Complete Season One October 29, 2002 purchase 11
The Complete Second Season October 28, 2003 purchase 11
The Complete Third Season August 24, 2004 purchase 10
The Complete Fourth Season October 5, 2004 purchase 10
The Complete Season One (2009) November 17, 2009 purchase 6
The Complete Second Season November 17, 2009 purchase 6
The Complete Third Season November 17, 2009 purchase 6
The Complete Fourth Season November 17, 2009 purchase 6
The Peacekeeper Wars January 18, 2005 purchase 2
Farscape Episodes, TV Listings, News, Photos and More at TVGuide.com
Retrieved from "http://tviv.org/w/index.php?title=Farscape&oldid=2683237"
Spaceship Crew
Jim Henson Company
1999 Premieres
2003 Finales


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Opinion & Letters
#UpTheIndy
Post-Oil Newfoundland and Labrador
Post-Oil NL
When it comes to good evaluation, I always ask for college homework help in a reliable service. Usually these are written services that are recommended by my friends or acquaintances. When it comes to journalism, it's better to trust professionals, what would your future column look like in the best way.
'What we can learn for the future': David Vardy on the Muskrat Falls inquiry
Published on February 23, 2018 in Featured/Journalism/Q&A by Michelle Porter
The name David Vardy has been linked with criticism of the Muskrat Falls project since its earliest days, when he had already retired from public service. Vardy, a former Clerk of the Executive Council and Secretary to Cabinet and chairman of the Public Utilities Board, says the questions we really need to answer are about democracy and how we as a society are going to respond to Muskrat Falls. I sat down for an interview with him before he left for the Muskrat Falls symposium in Happy Valley-Goose Bay.
Q: What makes you happy about what's going on with the Muskrat Falls issue right now? Anything?
So what makes me happy is that we finally have a public inquiry. And this is not the public inquiry that I asked for: what I wanted was a panel of people that were very knowledgeable about construction projects. And what do we end up with? We end up with a family law judge that knows nothing about any of this stuff. We got a terms of reference that are the pits. But anyway, you play the cards you are given, right?
The big news is there's a new sheriff in town. His name is Richard LeBlanc, the commissioner. That's where the dialogue is going to take place and so people are focusing their attention on this commission.
What the commissioner can do to add value to this is to add some kind of technical review process, independent of Nalcor, that needs to review the safety science and review the remedial measures that have been undertaken—and then make some determination as to whether any further remediation can be undertaken. So I think that would be one thing that the commission should be doing sooner rather than later.
So I like what the commissioner has done so far. He's gone out and he's got a forensic auditor. That's a good thing. And the fact that he's invited comments from people who want to interpret his terms of reference. But I'm very concerned. And you know why? Because you're going to end up with David and Goliath. And Goliath is going to be Nalcor.
"Hanging in the balance here is the North Spur as a major health and safety issue that has not yet been properly dealt with."
Q: How does the recent North Spur landslide impact the way you interpret the terms of reference for the Muskrat Falls inquiry?
There are things that need to be dealt with on a timely basis with regard to this whole project. I think that one of the biggest issues that's hanging in the balance here is the North Spur as a major health and safety issue that has not yet been properly dealt with.
I don't expect that the commissioner is going to be able to give a definitive ruling on this because this is a highly technical matter. I am hopeful the commission will respond with interim reports.
I think that what the commissioner can do is to add some kind of technical review process independent of Nalcor that needs to review the safety science and review the remedial measures that have been undertaken—and then make some determination as to whether any further remediation can be undertaken. I think that's really one thing that should be dealt with up front.
"But the most important thing of all is what we can learn for the future."
Q: What can the inquiry tell us?
Some people look on this inquiry as soul searching to find out what went wrong and looking backwards in time to see what mistakes we made. But the most important thing of all is what we can learn for the future.
First, what can we do in terms of making ourselves a better society? Because it seems to me that we have strayed from democratic principles here. This whole project was dealt with by a small clique in government, led by the former premier who pushed all this through the cabinet, the House of Assembly, pushed it through the parliament of Newfoundland and Labrador, and pushed it through the government of Canada by getting a loan guarantee without getting proper due diligence.
I think what happened here is that democracy has been usurped. Democracy needs to be reinvented here. The way we practice democracy is not working for us in this province. How could we have inflicted this project upon ourselves without due process, without proper review by the Public Utilities Board, without paying full attention to the report of the joint environmental panel that reported back in 2011. All these things were ignored. The panel was ignored, the PUB was ignored, the jurisdiction of the PUB was overruled, the project was exempted from the PUB. So I think that's one of the key things that we need to get out of this thing. That's number one for me–democracy. How do we build stronger democratic institutions and avoid the pitfalls of messianic leaders who take us down the wrong path and bypass all the due diligence that needs to take place and simply govern by the dictate of their own particular hubris and arrogance?
Number two. How do we as a society respond to this? How do we get ourselves out of this hole? What is the best approach to minimize the negative impact on our society? And that's a big question. Do we refinance this project? Do we write it down? Do we seek some kind of fire sale? Do we enter into a deal with Quebec? Do we enter into some kind of a deal with Nova Scotia? Do we try to work something out with the government of Canada to try to mitigate the impact because this has the potential to undermine our financial credibility and plunge us into outright stark raving bankruptcy? So I think that's a real concern and I think people have minimized the prospect of bankruptcy living in a fool's paradise. I think that the Government of Canada is not about to let us off the hook. Why would they?
"I think we have to look at all the options, including mothballing the facility at Muskrat Falls as being too dangerous to operate."
Q: There's a lot of doom and gloom talk around Muskrat Falls. Can we handle it, financially?
No. No we cannot handle this. We need a bailout.
Q: How can we minimize the negative impacts?
I think we have to look at all the options including mothballing the facility at Muskrat Falls as being too dangerous to operate. It may well be that, at the end of the day when we look at North Spur, it may well be that we cannot operate this safely without putting a lot of people in jeopardy.
And we have to look at markets for power. And I'm sure that Nalcor has been looking across Canada to look at alternative markets, but the answer is always the same. You look at trying to sell: Ontario doesn't need any power right now and Quebec certainly doesn't.
Alberta did something very interesting just around Christmas time. Alberta went out and they put out a call for proposals for renewable power, a large block of renewable power. They ended up with a 10-year contract for power at 3.76 cents per kilowatt hour. They didn't have to invest in any mega-projects. These were a bunch of small projects private sector people put together. Very advantageous.
One of the fundamental changes that has to happen here is bringing the Public Utilities Board back in. They were excoriated by Dunderdale and her government. And by all the PC governments. They were excoriated for what they did, for actually taking their job seriously of looking at least cost options. What we now need to do is say no we need our Public Utilities Board to be a bulldog. I'd hope that one of the things coming out of this inquiry is that the Public Utilities Board would be reinvented and reinvigorated.
"I don't think that the big solutions, the mega projects, are the answer."
Q: What about our energy needs?
We didn't need any megaprojects. You need to have more efficient use of electricity. In Newfoundland and Labrador the big problem is we have electric space heating. It's not an efficient use of electricity.
We have to ask ourselves a question: Can we buy some power from Hydro-Québec if we need any? If we need any power we don't need very much because we're demographically challenged–and when prices of electricity go up, people's consumption goes down. That's the fundamental law of economics.
I think that what's happening across Canada is reflecting what's going on in the United States, and that is that the benchmark price for electric power is being set based upon the abundance and pricing of natural gas. So from coast to coast the sale price now is looking something like three cents per kilowatt hour. And we're looking at costs at Muskrat Falls which are way behind that. We have to look at the idea of buying power from somewhere else. Most likely Quebec is the source. We have to look at bringing in a little power, if we need any power.
Although if we want to apply proper conservation and demand-side management and reduce our demand for power that will involve a little bit of public policy change. That's if we want to implement some incentives for people to get rid of their electric resistance-type space heating.
I moved out of a large house four years ago into a small apartment. I've got about one quarter of the space I used to. I've got 1160 square feet. It costs very little to heat my apartment. But everybody has to start to behave differently. We all have to start to be more conservation minded. Those are the things we have to do. We have to look at changing our behaviour. I don't think that the big solutions, the mega projects, are the answer. But we've built the transmission line and, if we need power, let's buy some power from Quebec.
"The project was a gift, it was a gift for Dwight Ball."
Q: What do you think about the current government's response?
The project was a gift, it was a gift for Dwight Ball. He would have guaranteed his re-election and he would have become the undisputed master of all he surveyed. The saviour of the world. But he blew the whole thing because he went in and made it his project. He could have turned it around. I mean the worst thing of all was to go ahead with it. But he went ahead with it. Then they could have said we're going to do this right. We're going to go ahead with it, we're going to do it right, get all the environmental stuff right. They don't even do that.
Q: You talked earlier about the democratic deficit here in Newfoundland and Labrador. What is it?
Democratic deficit is a failure of the decision making process to take account of all the information that's available. It means the institutions that are supposed to be protecting us have been disabled. So you've got a speedometer on your car that's been disabled, you don't know how fast you're driving. So what you've got is the institutional failure of the Public Utilities Board not being allowed to do its work. So that's what I talk about when I talk about democratic deficit.
The other thing I'm talking about is the unbridled power of the executive. In a democratic essentially two-party system where parliament reigns supreme–which really means the party rules supreme–the people don't rule supreme.
Q: How did Muskrat Falls first become an issue you wanted to get involved in?
It first became an issue for me before it was announced. I was retired and I was involved with the Harris Centre and one day I was reading the newspaper and I hear the news that Danny Williams says we're going to build Muskrat Falls and the people of Newfoundland are going to pay for it. It's going to be all for us. And I said to myself 'this doesn't fit because there's too much risk involved in this.' And the people of Newfoundland shouldn't be doing it.
"We're going to be awash in energy. We won't need it."
Q: Are we worse off if we stop the project?
Let me give you one more story. It relates to what economists call demand elasticity. A simple concept: apples go up in price, the demand for apples is going to go down. Price of apples go up, chances are people are going to eat more oranges, going to eat more pears, going to eat more peaches, other kind of fruit. So the question becomes what happens, because we're talking about the doubling of the price, the cost, of Muskrat Falls. What's that going to do with the rates? Well, the rates are going to double. The latest figure is they're going to go from 12 cents per kilowatt hour to 23.3 cents per kilowatt hour by 2020.
So what do economists say is going to happen based on elasticity studies when the power rates double? There's a bunch of studies that have been done. There are different elasticity coefficients, but you take one of the coefficients that are in the middle of the pack and it works out to be -0.4. If you look at how much power we're actually consuming in Newfoundland, only on the island today, it's measured in terms of kilowatt hours. It's seven billion kilowatt hours. Now what would happen if prices go up by 50 per cent and the elasticity of demand is at -.04? You know that seven billion kilowatt hours will drop to 4.2 billion kilowatt hours. Which essentially means there will be zero, zero demand for Muskrat Falls. Nobody would buy any Muskrat Falls power.
The second part of the story is when the prices go up, not only will the consumption decline sharply, the amount of revenue you are going to collect is going to go down as well. It's going to go down.
So you start out with an electrical power system in Newfoundland and Labrador–and the cost of operating the system today, including Newfoundland Power, Newfoundland Hydro, the whole system before Muskrat Falls cost us $700 million dollars. You know how much that's going to go up? That's going to go up from $700 million to $1.5 billion, okay? So we're going to have to find another $800 million in revenue. And what I just told you is you're not going to get any revenue.
You can jack up the prices all you want, people are not going to buy more power. They're going to buy less. So we're going to end up with less revenue and you're not even going to be able to maintain the existing electrical power system. You're not going to have any market for Muskrat Falls power. But along comes people like Ed Martin and says, ah, but we're going to export that power. We're going to make gobs of money, gonna export that power. Well, look at what the prices are in New England, in Nova Scotia. The prices for power, the stock market price, is something like three cents a kilowatt hour. Which is way below our production cost. Out of that three cents you've got to pay for the transmission cost. So what you've got at the end of the day is peanuts. You're not going to get anything out of it.
So, who is going to pay for this project? It's not going to be export revenue and it's not going to be domestic revenue. At the end of the day, it's going to be the Government of Canada, because it's the Government of Canada that can find the money that's needed to keep this thing going. That's the reality.
The other night I put this question to Stan Marshall. Because he had this chart and this chart had very ambitious, optimistic projections for the demand for the power over the next 10, 20, 30 years, all based on a static population. But I said to Stan, you're not taking account of the elasticity effect. There's going to be a sharp, abrupt cut. And he didn't have an answer to that one. Nobody has an answer to that question.
He said, but our rates are not going to be that much different than Nova Scotia. And that's true, but in Nova Scotia they do not use electric for space heating. So what we'll do is we'll emulate Nova Scotia, we'll curtail our use of electric for space heating. And that'll knock out 600 megawatts of power right away. We won't need it. We're going to be awash in energy. We won't need it.
Tags: David VardydemocracyenergyhydromegaprojectsMuskrat FallsNewfoundland and Labradorpublic utilities board
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NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR, for your crimes of NOT DOING MUSKRAT FALLS PROPERLY AT ALL, we sentence
Michelle Porter is the lead editor for The Independent. She holds a BA in Journalism, an MA in Folklore and a PhD in Geography. She is the recipient of 2005 Atlantic Journalism Award for feature writing and the recipient of 2016 NL Arts and Letters award for poetry. She has been long-listed for CBC Poetry prize in 2016 and 2017.
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10 Famous Dishes of Roman Cuisine
Home / Where to Eat in Rome /
Everyone wants to fully immerse in the atmosphere of the city, get acquainted with the cultural traditions and lifestyle during the visit to Rome. Local cuisine plays an important role here. Don't be surprised, but Italy's dishes are not limited to pizza and pasta.
Here's the list of ten best dishes of Roman cuisine:
1 Saltimbocca
2 Bucatini all'amatriciana
3 Carciofi alla romana
4 Abbacchio scottadito
5 Spaghetti alla carbonara
6 Carciofi alla giudia
7 Pajata
8 Coda alla vaccinara
9 Gnocchi alla romana
10 Cacio e Pepe
Saltimbocca literally means "jump into your mouth" and is a delicate, melting veal escalope with bacon. It is invented in the Northern Italy, but at the same time, the dish is very popular in Rome. Moreover, it is served with a fragrant white wine sauce.
Bucatini all'amatriciana
Bucatini is thick type of pasta with a hole. The dish is poured with a sauce, invented in Ammatria, a small town in the north of the Lazio region. Also, the basis of the sauce is guancale (pork cheek) and tomatoes.
Carciofi alla romana
Undoubtedly, artichoke is the king of vegetables in Italy. Hence, carciofi alla romana is the most popular dish in Roman restaurants. This plate is especially famous among vegetarians. There are boiled artichokes with the addition of olive oil, white wine and filled with garlic and spices.
Abbacchio scottadito
Chops from lamb (abbacchio scottadito) is an excellent option for the second dish, especially for meat lovers. The lamb is roasted on a grill and the dish is a genuine masterpiece from Roman chefs.
Spaghetti alla carbonara
Spaghetti carbonara is a legendary Italian dish! As you may know, all restaurants all over the world are trying to reproduce it with varying success. However, the best option where to try pasta carbonara is in the Eternal City. For example, it is worth to try the pasta in Carlo Menta restaurant in Trastevere. The famous sauce includes pieces of pork, eggs and parmesan.
Carciofi alla giudia
Carciofi alla giudia is a traditional dish of the Jewish community of Rome. The artichokes are fried in olive oil and look like chrysanthemums. The best option where to try this dish is in the Jewish Ghetto of Rome, located near the historical center of the city.
Pajata
Unexpectedly, the main ingredient of Pajata is the gut of the calf. Even if it sounds strange for you, trust me, the taste is very good. It is mostly used as a sauce for big types of pasta as rigatoni.
Coda alla vaccinara
Ragout made from bull tails (coda alla vaccinara) is an ancient delicacy of Roman abattoirs. This product was free for them and always available. Tails usually stewed in tomato sauce during for hours and prepared with cocoa and pine nuts. The sauce has a deep and rich taste. There is not much meat there, but the dish is very delicious.
Gnocchi alla romana or Roman dumplings are appetizing balls of potato dough, baked with béchamel sauce. Moreover, Thursday is a traditional day of gnocchi in Rome. Undoubtedly, it is worth to try this delicious plate.
Cacio e Pepe (cheese and pepper) is the masterpiece of Roman cuisine. It is traditional pasta with pecorino cheese and a large quantity of black pepper. The dish is unbelievably tasty and popular. It is worth to try it because it would be difficult to find Cacio e Pepe in any other country in the world.
Roman cuisine is full of various dishes. Most of the recipes exist for centuries and this is one of the reasons why the city is full of family-run restaurants, where recipes pass from one generation to another.
https://www.facebook.com/app_scoped_user_id/990755591035713/ Elena SturmundDrang
For me Italy isn't only a country of art, relax and romantic. Actually i think italian cuisine is the best in the world. Last time when we have been to Rome we enjoyed very much by local food: spaghetti, "italiano vilaggio", pizza and plenty of delicious sea food meal. Italian ice-cream gelato was really amazing.Can't wait to come back and discover more italian cuisine!
Ciao, Elena! It is the tastiest cuisine in the world, agree with you 🙂
Komron Ars
Traditional ingridients for italian people are tomato and pasta. But italian art is to do something special from them ( this is not simple english fish and chips). From this list i tasted spaghetti, pasta and bucatini. All this food contains tomato and pasta. But flavour so different. I liked them all. I could not find ravioli from the top. Also recommend start visit with it)
Tykto Ktoty
A taxi driver brought to the restaurant – we asked to show real Roman cuisine. At first there were doubts about the proposed institution, but they immediately disappeared after reading the menu. This is not food, but a celebration of taste! A lot of herbs in the dishes – a little unusual. Very small cups of coffee – but the coffee is unusually thick and delicious. It's a pity that we failed to try everything …
Kim Landry
When in Rome, do as the Romans do! Trust me,you won't get a real Roman experience without trying the classic dishes. The cuisine is quite varied and has tons of options for everyone. Stuff that I personally enjoyed the most: spaghetti, gnocchi, ravioli, saltimboca and pizza, of course. Talking about pizza, we have different pizzerias all over the world, but the taste of a true Italian one is just incomparable to anything you tried before.
Darya Plum
A couple of weeks when I was in Rome, I decided to try the national dishes of this country. I was very impressed with the pasta of carbonara and Saltimbocca. This is an amazing combination of products, an exquisite aroma of spices and just delicious food. Italian cuisine always has a lot of spices in dishes and this is their highlight I would also like to try some dishes such as Pajata, Abbacchio scottadito, Carciofi alla romana. As soon as I return to Rome, I will definitely go to a restaurant and order these delicious dishes.
Olena Stepanenko
I'm in love with roman food That delicious Spaghetti, ragout and, of course, pizza. Spaghetti in Rome tastes different form my home city. I'm in love with carbonara sauce. But not this one is tasty. Classic tomato sauce called marinara is also so good to taste. Pesto sauce with basil, creamy cheese, bolognese with cherry tomatoes and red chili. Every sauce is great)
The 10 Best Tiramisu in Rome
Romeow Cat Bistrot
The 10 Best Places for Burgers in Rome
Where to Brunch in Rome at the weekend
The Best Irish Pubs in Rome
Top 11 Jazz Live Music Clubs in Rome


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Archive for the Advocacy Category
OACAS Statement on Ontario Child Advocate's Thunder Bay Foster Homes Report
On May 2, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Government, Youth
On Tuesday, April 30, the Ontario Child Advocate's office released its final investigative reports before closing its office permanently. Most of the Child Advocate's investigative powers have now been transferred to the Ontario Ombudsman. On behalf of its member Children's Aid Societies, OACAS wishes to express gratitude
Ontario 2019 Budget: OACAS Encouraged by Investment in Community Mental Health Services, Concerned by Decrease in Funding to Children's and Social Services Sector
On April 11, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Featured, Government, Youth
The 2019 Ontario budget was announced today and contained both encouraging investments as well as reason for concern for vulnerable children, youth, and families. The government announced there will be investments of $174 million in 2019–20, focused on supporting community mental health and addictions services, mental health
The secret is shame: Why some white child welfare workers really don't want to address race
On April 10, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, African Canadian Families, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Research, Youth
"What's even worse than our white guilt is our shame" is the feedback I heard from white child welfare workers after I published my article "White Guilt: How to move into responsibility for white child welfare workers." As child welfare workers, making mistakes in our practice can
OACAS Media Statement
On March 27, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, Children, Featured, Government
This week there have been several reports in the media regarding statements made by a lawyer who formerly represented Kenora-Rainy River Districts Child and Family Services. The statements made in an affidavit suggested that a former youth-in-care should be considered "sexually mature" and not a child at
5 Myths About Jordan's Principle
On January 31, 2019 / Aboriginal Services, Accountability, Adoption, Advocacy, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Government
Jordan's Story "Jordan River Anderson was a First Nations child from Norway Cree House Nation in Manitoba. Born in 1999 with complex medical needs that could not be treated on-reserve, he spent more than two years in a hospital in Winnipeg before doctors agreed that he could
New Leadership at the Ontario Association of Children's Aid Societies
On January 28, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, African Canadian Families, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Government
The Ontario Association of Children's Aid Societies (OACAS) is pleased to announce Nicole Bonnie has started in her role as Chief Executive Officer. Ms. Bonnie is the first Black CEO in the history of OACAS and in the field of Ontario child welfare and brings with her
A conversation with Jocelyne Raymond, Recruiter for Wendy's Wonderful Kids
On January 24, 2019 / Accountability, Advocacy, African Canadian Families, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Research, Youth
The Dave Thomas Foundation, through its Wendy's Wonderful Kids (WWK) program, provides grants to adoption agencies and Children's Aid Societies to hire and train recruiters to find permanent homes for those children and youth in Canada's foster care system. Tell us a little bit about yourself. My name is Jocelyne Raymond. I
Trauma Informed Practice in Child Welfare: Recognizing Collective Resistance of the African Canadian Community
Trauma informed practice has become popular within the social services and has recently entered Ontario child welfare. At One Vision One Voice (OVOV), we think trauma informed practice can be helpful in moving us away from a pathologizing, over- medicalizing and blaming lens upon people's behavior; by asking
White Guilt: How to move into responsibility for white child welfare workers
On November 27, 2018 / Accountability, Advocacy, African Canadian Families, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Research, Youth
In reading current social work literature, it is clear that the Ontario child welfare system is recognized as systemically racist. There is a lot of discussion regarding the system's gross over-representation of Indigenous and African Canadian people. The literature also points to the reality that it is white people
National Day of the Child: Wendy Miller explains how the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child has become more relevant than ever for Children's Aid Societies
On November 20, 2018 / Advocacy, Children, Children's Aid Societies, Community Partners, Featured, Government, Research, Youth
Canada established National Child Day twenty-five years ago in recognition of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. What does National Child Day mean to Children's Aid Societies in Ontario? Child safety and well-being is the primary focus for Children's Aid Societies, so National


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La chapelle Saint-Martin-de-Saduran est une chapelle romane, située à Bagnols-sur-Cèze dans le département français du Gard en région Occitanie.

Localisation
La chapelle se dresse dans une propriété privée isolée au milieu des vignes, au lieu-dit Saduran à  au nord-ouest de Bagnols-sur-Cèze, légèrement au nord de la route départementale D980 qui mène à Barjac.

On y accède par le chemin de la Chapelle qui part de la route de Barjac, en épingle à cheveu.

Historique
La chapelle Saint-Martin est une chapelle romane des .

Propriété privée, elle fait l'objet d'une inscription au titre des monuments historiques depuis le .

Architecture

La nef
La nef, couverte de tuiles, est édifiée en pierre de taille assemblée en grand appareil.

Chacune de ses façades latérales est soutenue par trois puissants contreforts.

Le chevet
La chapelle possède un beau chevet semi-circulaire composé d'une abside unique édifiée en pierre de taille assemblée en grand appareil, avec des assises plus fines dans la partie supérieure. cette abside, couverte de tuiles comme la nef, est percée de trous de boulin (trous destinés à ancrer les échafaudages) présentant une forme semi-circulaire rarement observée.

Le pignon qui surplombe le chevet, orné d'une double corniche moulurée, est percé d'une remarquable baie cintrée à double ébrasement flanquée de colonnettes sommées de chapiteaux corinthiens supportant une archivolte très ornée aux multiples moulures.

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Bagnols-sur-Cèze
 Liste des monuments historiques du Gard

Liens externes

Monument historique inscrit en 1949
Chapelle monument historique (France)
Monument historique dans le Gard
Saduran
Bagnols-sur-Cèze


SDDirect recently participated in the Young Lives conference Adolescence, Youth and Gender: Building Knowledge for Change, in Oxford.
The conference brought together academics, practitioners and policymakers from around the world, to reflect on the current evidence base on adolescence, and how to use this evidence for more effective programming and policymaking.
Jessica Jacobson, technical specialist at SDDirect, presented a paper on adolescence and empowerment: Good Girls and Grandes Dames: How Do Adolescent Girls and Young Women Understand 'Empowerment' in Kinshasa? This paper discussed findings from a participatory girl-led study undertaken by the La Pepiniere programme in the DRC. The report on which the presentation was based can be accessed here.
Patience Ekeoba (seen in the photo) represented the Voices for Change programme, sharing its holistic approach to the empowerment of adolescent girls and young women in Nigeria. The presentation is now available on the conference's YouTube channel. We invite you to read her accompanying blog post: envisioning a world that works for young people.


I found myself with some salmon in my freezer and feeling creative I decided to try my hand at making fish tacos. I've only recently started eating fish, so I haven't had a lot of experience making it, but I do enjoy eating it in a variety of ways. Before I get into the actual recipe I should point out that salmon and fish in general is very healthy for you. Fish is full of heart healthy omega-3 fat, which helps to decrease inflammation. What that means is that it helps to prevent heart disease and that is something that everyone should be working to prevent. Okay, now to stop going on about the health benefits of fish and move onto the actual meal I made.
I seasoned the salmon with chili powder, cumin, and lemon juice and then baked it. To make the tacos I flaked the baked salmon and put it into a corn tortilla with shredded lettuce and jack cheese. To go along with the tacos I also made black beans with garlic and onion and seasoned with chili powder, pepper, and cumin.


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info@tricoastalhorizons.com
Makariv 17 MW
Batyovo 14,6 MW
Irshava 7 MW
Fursy 60 MW
Green Marine
Bio Diesel
Odessa Sea Port Authority
Tel-Aviv Investment Conference
Odessa Investment Conference
Tallinn Round Table on business relationship development between Estonia and Odessa region, Ukraine.
November 19th, 2015 – Agenda
TriCoastal Horizons > Projects > Geothermal
Geothermal – an unlimited source of clean energy from deep underground hot rock layers and geothermal reservoirs.
Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It is clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma.
A great benefit of choosing geothermal energy is it's almost unlimited potential as a source of cheap electricity. Geothermal has major advantages over other sources of electricity due to its reliability and low impact on the climate.
Part IV: Justice Delayed — Will Politics Trump Justice in the Case of the Clean Power Plan?
US and China Join Paris Agreement, Bringing it Much Closer to Taking Effect
The Clean Power Plan: Justice Delayed
Will the G20 Spur Post-Paris Climate Action? 3 Signs to Look For
Raising Our Game in Clean Energy Innovation
Copyright © TriCoastal Horizons
Toyota recalls 625,000 Prius cars, other hybrids globally
15th July 201515th July 2015
Toyota on Wednesday recalled 625,000 hybrid vehicles globally, mostly the Prius model favoured by the eco-conscious including Hollywood celebrities, over a defect that can bring the car to an unexpected stop.
The Japanese automaker said the problem was linked to software that controls a power converter, similar to an issue last year that led to the recall of 1.9 million Prius cars -- Toyota's biggest ever for its signature petrol-electric vehicle.
Toyota, the world's biggest car maker, added that no accidents or injuries had been reported.
"In limited instances, the hybrid system might shut down while the vehicle is being driven, resulting in the loss of power, bringing the vehicle to stop," it said.
The latest call back affected the Prius V, which is also sold as the Prius Alpha and Prius+, as well as some Auris hybrid vehicles.
More than half the recalled vehicles were sold in Japan with most of the others in North America and Europe between May 2010 and November 2014.
The Prius was one of the first hybrid cars to go mainstream and was quickly adopted as a symbol of green technology, with the likes of actors Leonardo DiCaprio and Cameron Diaz snapped behind the wheel.
Toyota has sold more than seven million hybrid cars globally since the debut of its Prius hybrid in 1997 in the first mass production of green cars.
It has roughly 30 hybrid models sold in more than 90 countries worldwide.


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"IT" wasn't super scary- and that's alright
By Chauncey K Robinson on September 9, 2017 January 19, 2019
"The Goonies" meets "Stranger Things" with a dash of "Killer Clowns from Outer Space"…
I really enjoyed the IT movie.
I just wasn't very scared.
Now, you could take that as me saying the whole movie was bad, and that theater goers should save their money. You'd be wrong. I actually think it's a great movie for fans of Stephen King, and good storytelling, to go see this weekend. It's a quality film- it just isn't a very good horror picture.
Then again, maybe it wasn't trying to be?
For anyone who is familiar with the Stephen King novel, and also the mini-series of the same name starring Tim Curry, you'd be familiar with the themes of the story. A small town where children and adults alike go missing and/or dead every 25 or so years. The town itself has a dark history, while Pennywise, the infamous clown, has been an evil staple there since the town's inception in various way. Similar to its horror counterparts, like Freddy Krueger, the adults don't talk about the obvious evil. Thus leaving the children to fend for themselves.
Throughout the movie there are many scary moments, and Bill Skarsgard does a great job as the new incarnation of Pennywise the dancing (and horrific) clown. The first scene with the character Georgie and Pennywise is perhaps the creepiest scene in the film. It had a sense of mystery, foreboding, and darkness. You didn't really know what was going to happen, until it happened. From there the main characters are plagued by Pennywise, (as he takes on the forms of their various fears), and the increasingly insane town bully named Henry.
This film could have gone one of two ways. It could have been a film that had the overarching terror and horror in the center and forefront, with the childhood friendships and coming of age tales interwoven. Or, it could have been a film about a group of friends, their own interpersonal issues, with the danger of supernatural evil spurring the story forward, but that evil not being exactly at the center.
The film went with the latter.
And therein lies the issue with IT being touted as the scariest horror picture in years. It just…wasn't. Don't get me wrong. The young actors were all very good. Especially Sophia Lillis as the young Beverly Marsh. Yet, the film felt like a darker version of The Goonies rather than a true adaptation of IT. There were adventures, foes, young love, and raised stakes- just like The Goonies (if you haven't seen that classic film you're missing out)- but the terror was lacking.
Even with the occasional missing limbs and blood, the metaphorical teeth of the story was missing.
In the original novel, and even in the the tv mini-series, there are some SERIOUS topics being dealt with. Those topics including racism, child abuse, mental illness and poverty.
One of the main characters, a young Black boy named Mike, had to deal with racism head on, having been called the "n" word in the previous adaptation and novel. The previous adaptation, and the original novel, put it right in your face. It was blunt, and drove home the ugliness of racism to the audience, and the isolation Mike felt before he found his best friends in the Losers (what the group of young protagonists called themselves). The new adaptation doesn't do this ugliness justice, but rather tones it down for some reason. The film does a good job highlighting the abuse Beverly endures, and her strength, but doesn't really address her poverty.
The sadistic nature of the town bully Henry falls short as well. There was something about the previous adaptation that made him a lot more infuriating. The audience was made to understand that he was a sociopath. In this film he was angry and hateful, sure, but the audience was all too quickly made to have some sympathy for him, taking away the edge of it all.
Then there were the moments of CGI. It wasn't completely overdone, but there were plenty of times when it just wasn't needed. One of the key elements of quality horror is allowing the audience to be terrified of what may or may not be in the dark. What may or may not be around the corner. What they may or may not actually see. I could have enjoyed a lot more of Skarsgard's Pennywise without the CGI morphing moments. His eerie acting and eyes alone, that was showcased brilliantly in the opening scene, were enough for me. The film showed it's hand too quickly. So building up to the suspense was almost gone.
Then there were the comedic moments. To be blunt- there were too many. Finn Wolfhard was funny in his role of the wisecracking Richie, but there were times when the film allowed the character's jokes to dominate, when they should have taken a backseat. A comedic break in horror is always welcomed, but it should be paced so that the moments of fear and seriousness are allowed to land. All too often in this film Richie had a joke to tell when it would have been best to allow the character to take in the fear like the other kids. Yes, joking is a coping mechanism for fear in some people, and was clearly Richie's mechanism, but it was obvious the filmmakers weren't doing it as the character, but rather using the character to make humor. The jokes were funny, but often misplaced for the atmosphere.
Then again, I'm also aware that the film had a lot to try to put into a film, when the mini series had ten plus hours to get it right.
I'm looking forward to part two. It was a solid start. IT felt like The Goonies meets Stranger Things with a dash of Killer Clowns from Outer Space, and that's not a bad thing. I'm hoping the second film will be a bit more adult, and the scares will land just as heavy. Also crossing my fingers that since it will be happening in the 2000's there won't be some sort of cheesy moments of Pennywise haunting someone's Facebook or Instagram.
Overall, I enjoyed the movie- but I've seen scarier.
entertainment, featured, film, horror, IT, movie, review
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Appreciate this bllog post


I'm finding that the generated sitemap has entries for directories, that is if my site is [ External links are visible to forum administrators only ] I'm getting entries for [ External links are visible to forum administrators only ] and [ External links are visible to forum administrators only ]. I tried stopping this by setting the include only option to .html but this doesn't make a difference.
Is the Include only entry a regular expression or just a string, and does it need to be escaped ie should it be \.html ?
the ".html" setting for "Include only" option should do the work for you and exclude the "page/" URLs from sitemap.
Please PM me your generator instance URL so I can check that.


text:
package May2021GoogLeetcode;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class _0159LongestSubstringWithAtMostTwoDistinctCharacters {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println(lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct("eceba"));
		System.out.println(lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct("ccaabbb"));
	}

	public static int lengthOfLongestSubstringTwoDistinct(String s) {
		HashMap<Character, Integer> map = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
		int maxLength = 0;
		int left = 0, right = 0;
		while (right < s.length()) {
			char c = s.charAt(right);
			map.compute(c, (k, v) -> v == null ? 1 : v + 1);

			while (map.size() > 2) {
				c = s.charAt(left);
				map.put(c, map.get(c) - 1);
				if (map.get(c) == 0)
					map.remove(c);

				left++;
			}
			maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, right - left + 1);
			right++;
		}
		return maxLength;
	}

}


Precision testing for aboveground fluid storage tanks provided by Mass Technology Corporation. Our mass measurement system, applicable to all types and sizes of tanks and viscous products, is safer, more economical, and more precise than conventional testing methods. It is field-proven and third-party certified. Employing exacting pressure-sensing transducers, accurate data collection, and our own expertise gained from practical applications, Mass Technology's system detects leaks at a threshold of less than 0.80 gallons per hour in a 100,000 barrel aboveground storage tank.
Our technique involves lowering a bubbler unit to the tank bottom. A differential reference tube is placed just above the liquid surface. Nitrogen gas is conveyed to the bubbler unit at a precisely controlled rate, and an additional tube is attached that eliminates the friction and subsequent back-pressure affects on the differential pressure transducer. The pressure required to generate a stream of bubbles at tank bottom corresponds to the differential pressure as a result of the fluid mass. The pressure is measured by a micro-sensitive differential pressure transducer, which is recorded on a real-time basis and post processed. Data analysis routines accurately calculate any changes in the mass of fluid within the tank and determine if there is a loss.
Mass Technology's mass measurement system comes to your site in an enclosed trailer. Tank preparation is minimal. We run hoses and a bubbler unit into the aboveground storage tank and begin our leak testing. No tank entry is required. Although our mass measurement system is sophisticated and relies upon some precise measurement technology, implementation is relatively simple, quick, and efficient.


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BEBR's Mission
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