As documented in Figures 6a and 6b, the employment rate of males in their forties and fifties with a self-reported disability fell from 28 percent in 1988 to 16 percent in 2008 (approximately a 40 percent decline). The employment rate of comparably aged males without a disability held roughly constant at 87 to 88 percent. For females in this same age range with disabilities, the employment rate declined slightly (from 18 to 15 percent) while the employment rate of their counterparts without a disability rose from 66 to 76 percent.
It's difficult to think of a piece of legislation that failed more abysmally than the ADA. So now what to we do? Will the supporters of the ADA concede that it failed and call for repeal? Not likely. A cynic might claim that the Americans with Disabilities Act is not about getting disabled people into the workforce, it's about creating jobs for lawyers.
By the way, the law was passed in 1990 with strong support from both liberals and conservatives. An economist named Walter Oi was one of the few lonely voices warning that a "rights" based approach would fail.
Although Oi was a US citizen, born in the United States, he was put in an internment camp in WWII because his parents were from Japan. In 1942, many of the best and the brightest thought these internment camps were a good idea. In 1990, many of the best and the brightest thought the ADA was a good idea. Don't let anyone intimidate you for going against the conventional wisdom by holding "unacceptable" opinions. If you have good reasons for your contrarian opinion, then history will vindicate you.
By the way, Walter Oi was blind.
The "right" to "fully participate" is risible. A person with a significant impairment (e.g., deafness, blindness, paraplegia) cannot "fully participate," by definition. This is another reminder that embers of Congress and presidents think of themselves as god-like creatures who can overcome the realities of nature and human nature.
Irony: How do we untangle the ADA's unique contribution to this unsatisfying labor market outcome, when so many other concurrent and subsequent Progressive initiatives could have also contributed (a lot)?
As an engineer I can tell you that meeting ADA requirements is quite expensive. Isn't it possible that the dramatic slowdown in economic growth we are experiencing is due, at least in part, to expensive regulations like this one that actually accomplish very little?
Don't even get me started on environmental regulations.
In my former lonely neighborhood in Los Angeles, where there was nobody in a wheelchair, every street corner was modified to allow wheelchair access. I could not imagine what that would cost nationally. I hope skateboarders get use from it.
As for the disabled working less, that may have something to do with expanded "disability" claims at the VA (now 4 million) and SSDA (8 million). The disability programs have become the worst sort of welfare.
When I met Oi in 1998 or so, he was also disabled — blind. Was that the case when he wrote the essay on the ADA?
I cannot figure out what in the first paragraph you cite you think led to the results in the second paragraph or how you'd like to see the Act changed. Would repeal restore the percentages employed? All the things one sees like elevators as alternatives to stairs and ramps for wheelchairs and battery powered carts seem like they would help the disabled to be employed. What do you think went wrong?
To say it failed is to misunderstand the intent of those who passed it. It was never intended to increase the employment rate of the disabled. The politicians that signed off on it did so knowing they'd score easy political points ('look, we help people with problems'), the early champions of the cause were afflicted with disabilities such as blindness or plegia (undoubtedly well meaning, but no amount of good intentions would help them see or walk again, but forcing businesses to spend billions sure would feel good), and the lobbyists and attorneys who worked behind the scenes recognized the golden goose that it would become.
One more example of Republican 'conservatives' , despite their alleged desire to reign in Big Government and senseless spending, facilitating the enactment of laws that massively increase the scope of government, decrease the freedom of private individuals, and force the wasteful spending of billions (signed into law by GHWBush and expanded and amended by GWBush).
And for anyone who would argue that the downsides are worth the added access that some have experienced, just peruse a few of the hundreds of thousands of legal cases brought about related to the ADA and shudder at the trivial absurdities that have been used as justification to bring about lawsuits resulting in the expenditure of billions of dollars and millions of man hours since the enactment of this travesty.
The link under "David H. Autor and Mark Duggan" seems to lead to an article by Peter David Blanck.
So are you, and others, saying that all the spending that resulted from the ADA…the wheelchair ramps and such…were not public goods infrastructure? That the costs exceeded the benefits…if all benefits are counted including "equality of opportunity, full participation, independent living" and not just "economic self-sufficiency"?
Your conclusion seems to come from a very non-economic analysis.
Yes. He went blind in graduate school in the early 1960s.
> I hope skateboarders get use from it.
All of these are, of course, more likely in more walkable areas; if everyone is totally car-bound then no one is using the sidewalks anyway.
@ThomasH, I agree that the links don't seem to explain very clearly the connection between the ADA and low employment among the disabled. Walter Oi's Section in this piece [http://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/-disability-and-work_104845208517.pdf], starting on p. 31 provides more detail.
There are two hypotheses to explain the disabled's poor employment record: (1) disabilities reduce productivity, especially by "stealing time" available for work or (2) employers discriminate against the disabled and underestimate their productivity. The ADA is based on hypothesis (2), creating rights for the disabled, enforced by regulation and lawsuits (the "rights track"). Oi believed that hypothesis (1) was correct and that efforts should be directed towards assisting the disabled and training them to re-enter the labor market, i.e., helping them deal with their disabilities. He predicted that the "rights track" approach would lead to lots of lawsuits and income opportunities for lawyers and compliance personnel but would encourage the disabled to become more dependent on the state, frequently turning to courts to address their grievances.
@Mike W, on p. 41 from my same link above, Oi discusses how the ADA actually ignores social costs and benefits in some cases, when addressing equal access to services and places.
I am not an expert on disabilities issues. I am just trying to understand and relay Oi's views. I guess the main question is whether the disabled's main challenges are due to discrimination or impairment. Remedies addressing the two are different, and the ADA assumes that the problem is discrimination. It seems reasonable to believe that a law that misidentifies the cause will not be effective in solving the problem.
I'm sure none of the initial supporters of the ADA expected such an outcome. It would be nice if the initial proponents of new policies would specify their expected outcomes and also what sort of outcomes they would accept as unambiguous evidence that their proposed policy was a failure and in need of replacement. But people do not like to do this.
I'm not sure the two hypotheses are so completely decoupled. If a person having a disability reduces their productivity, employers will discriminate against them by preferring candidates who are not disabled and are therefore more productive. Is that the reduced productivity hypothesis or is it the discrimination hypothesis?
I know nothing of ADA either but the premise surely ought to be that both impairment and discrimination play a part. I agree that the policies to deal with them are distinct. The "rights" approach ought to have the advantage of giving the employing firm an incentive to find the least costly way to make employment possible but of course the downside is that it is basically a tax on employment of the impaired. Ideally, firms would be subsidized but I have no idea how to relate the subsidy to degree of impairment.
1. The rise of SSDI.
2. Making the disabled a group with special legals rights might make employers more reluctant to hire them. They might fear a lawsuit if things don't work out.
Yaakov, Thanks, I fixed it.
A "job" is not a definite thing. Employers know approximately what they are looking for and don't know well the capabilities of who they hire, disabled or not. The job may change as individuals adjust and trade off tasks in a workplace. Some people adapt and learn well; others do not.
The best social policy is to allow people, employers and employed, to make guesses and changes. Working in a job is the only sure way to know the value of an employee in that job or some related tasks not initially considered. People described as doing the same job will usually have different productivity, deserving of different wages.
The ADA rigidifies all of this. Ideally, one could hire a disabled person, see how he does, then fire him or adjust the wage as needed. But, firing a disabled person invites a lawsuit to justify the firing. The hiring is not considered a good act or a trial period which should allow the firing. Lowering the wage is "discrimination" inviting more lawsuits. Disabled people have sometimes created issues and lawsuits for other reasons. Disabled people are not angels.
It is easier to not hire. It is a tribute to the good will of employers and their desire for profits that some will carefully consider the disabled despite the minefield of the ADA.
The path to more employment for the disabled is to make them entirely ordinary in employment. Make it easy to hire, fire, and set wages for them, and everyone.
There are 2 parts of the ADA: the employment provisions and the public accommodations provisions. The public accommodations provisions cost business owners a lot of money but it was a relatively straightforward case of the public (through its duly elected representatives) weighing the pros and cons of putting this burden on business owners with the pros and cons of leaving disabled people with voluntary access and decided that making access mandatory was better.
The employment provisions are more troubling, particularly based on the data point that you provide. But I think that the reduction in employment is a possible case of Simpson's paradox that does not appropriately account for a change in mix of what is called "disabled." A few minutes of Googling was unable to provide hard data, but I think that disabilities like soft tissue and mental and nervous disorders have become more prevalent in recent years, while something like paraplegia has remained (relatively) constant. It is not hard to imagine that even though employment rates for paraplegics have been improved by ADA, that improvement has been hidden by the large influx of soft tissue and mnh type claims, for which employment rates could be overall much lower. Which would imply that the ADA was successful in its goal of providing more employment to those who were disabled when the law was passed, and yet, the law needs updating to reflect changed facts and circumstances.
Is the employment rate for lawyers lower or higher now that the ADA has passed? How many legislators lost their jobs because they voted for its passage? These are the questions that must be asked when deciding if the ADA is a failure.
It seems like a pretty big reach to draw conclusions about the ADA based on this information. Perhaps the decline in employment among people with disabilities would have been even greater in the absence of the ADA. In any case the mechanism for the ADA's having actively *caused* the decline seems weak.
There's just too much missing here. How has the disabled population changed over the period in question? (More veterans or fewer? What disabilities do they have? Etc.) If I were looking to explain this situation I would be looking at the disability benefits programs and the overall softness in the labor market, not at ADA.
Skimming over the article, I see no reason to support Sumner's conclusion. The article itself notes that the expansion of SSDI along with its work restrictions has caused disemployment. Most importantly, more people with a disabling condition who are not, in fact, profoundly disabled by it receive SSDI than they did in the past.
That is, there isn't a failure of the ADA implied. Rather, people rationally prefer to collect SSDI over working. That's an unsurprising finding given the kinds of work generally available to people with similar profiles ex disability. The obvious solution is just to remove the work rules in SSDI.
I think Njnnja is on the right track. The kinds of disabilities of 40-50 year olds in 1988 could include things like disabilities due to polio and other things for which vaccines were later developed. And the development of penicillin and other antibiotics would also play a part with reducing disability from other diseases. So long-lasting disabilities from these conditions would be much rarer among the 2008 cohort.
Perhaps the disabilities of 40-50 year olds in 2008 are somewhat less conducive to employment than those in 1988? Disability involving severe chronic pain rather than vision impairment for example. I can imagine it being quite hard to concentrate on one's task, if in constant pain, or constantly on painkillers.
Speaking of pain, I suppose it's possible that the # of self-described disabled people might be inflated to some extent by people doctor shopping to get today's prescription opiates. They probably wouldn't be in a hurry to work, either.
Why not both? Why force it into one or the other?
Further, the precise assistance necessary for a disabled person may be somewhat job-specific. And may involve expensive equipment. As such, it makes some sense for the employer to be responsible for providing it, because there may be standardization issues, compatibility questions, etc. Large employers may be able to get discounts from suppliers, advantageous lease terms, etc.
I'm not clear on how Oi's system would work.
I'm not sure what sort of assistance Oi would suggest for, say, a person with dwarfism. Certainly a blind or deaf person can be given cane, braille terminal, hearing aids, etc, and training in getting around safely, and that would help a lot. But would a little person be provided with a step stool to carry around? Stilts?
Isn't it more likely that that's a Detroit dysfunction thing, not so much an ADA thing?


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Cardinal TV is produced by Cardinal Communications which is a school-based enterprise focused on developing real-life journalism and marketing skills. Students provide live streaming and broadcasting of home sporting events and school activities, create news segments and advertisements for classes and organizations, publish news articles for local newspapers, and work with community members to promote area businesses.
The live stream is located on this page as well as archived broadcasts. Please know that THE SCHOOL DISTRICT OF ELEVA-STRUM IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CHARGES YOU INCUR DUE TO DATA USAGE ON YOUR DEVICES OR INTERNET/CELL PHONE SERVICE.


USBA supports 126 hot-pluggable USB devices per USB bus. The maximum data transfer rate is 1.5 Mbits (low speed USB 1.x) or 12 Mbits (full speed USB 1.x) or 480 MBits (high speed USB 2.0), or 5Gbits (Super speed USB3.0) per second. (Mbps).
USBA adheres to the Universal Serial Bus 3.0 specification and provides a transport layer abstraction to USB client drivers.
Universal Serial Bus Specification 3.0.


The rash of recent data breach disclosures in the healthcare industry lays bare some very poor security programs and lax behavior. Whether sensitive data lost through carelessness or weak controls that made it almost impossible for hackers not to steal it, the impression is that the healthcare industry is still in the Stone Age (say around 2005) when it comes to data protection. While it's fair to say that healthcare has tended to lag in security, let's not throw it all on this particular sector. There but for fortune…. But, overall, the healthcare security record looks pretty dismal.
In part, we're hearing about all these healthcare records breaches because the HITECH Act required disclosure of lost or stolen unencrypted patient information. So, you'd expect to be hearing about more and more of these types incidents, which seemed to be rare a couple of years ago. This year's Symantec Internet Security Threat Report showed that healthcare had by far the highest percentage of data breaches of any sector: 43%, compared to the next highest sectors, government (14%) and education (13%). Symantec believes that the HITECH reporting obligations are a major factor in this surge. Another likely factor is the HITECH mandate to convert health records to digital format (electronic health records or EHR, which my auto correct keeps trying to change to HER).
The hack into health records in Utah that resulted in the theft of 780,000 of claims, some 280,000 of which included Social Security numbers, revealed a disturbing lack of basic good security practices. In stark contrast to officials' claims that they have a strong, multilayered defense in depth, the evidence is that while multilayered, perhaps, it was neither strong nor had much depth. The stolen data was unencrypted because it wasn't required by federal regulation. A single admin password — in this case a weak one as a result of failure to follow policy — was all the hackers needed to get at all that data.
A laptop with 34,500 patient records from Howard University Hospital was stolen from the car of a former contractor. The records were not encrypted, but that's only one issue. Why was the contractor allowed to or able to put the data on his own laptop? Or any laptop for that matter. Theft or loss of laptops at airports, left in taxis, stolen from cars is commonplace, reported in one study a few years ago at thousands per week just in major U.S. airports. They should never hold sensitive information. Certainly not thousands of patient or customer records. The theft of a Department of Veterans Affairs laptop containing financial and personal information of 25 million veterans (the number still causes me to stare at the computer screen with my mouth open) was the incident that really focused our attention on this particular data loss problem and data breaches in general. And that was in 2006. You'd think six years was sufficient time to learn our lesson, but maybe not so much until something goes wrong. Publicly wrong.
Backup tapes holding records of 800,000 people enrolled in the California Department of Child Support Services were apparently lost by FedEx while being returned to storage contractor Iron Mountain after IBM used them for to test whether the support services could be run remotely in case of an emergency. Again, the data was unencrypted.
Both the California and Howard incidents also focus on the need for masking or obfuscating sensitive data, or creating phony data in the same formats as genuine data for testing, development, etc. There are few if any cases in which contractors or even internal development or testing personnel need actual data, particularly sensitive client information entrusted to the organization's care.
Another 10 backup disks containing the records of 315,000 former Emory University Hospital patients is simply missing. Vanished. No one seems to know how, but the Hospital says an employee who misunderstood security procedures was responsible. Oops. The employee was neither fired nor disciplined. The hospital's response is to re-educate its employees about proper handling procedures. Good luck with that. Even trained humans make mistakes.
In South Carolina, a state employee was charged in the transfer of records of 228,000 Medicaid recipients, including names, phone numbers, addresses, birth dates and Medicaid ID number. There are numerous possible security issues concerning trusted insiders: Was the access to confidential information necessary to perform his job? If so, did he need full information or could some of it be masked or obfuscated? Were there proper access controls and reporting/alerting mechanisms (from IAM systems, DLP, etc.) that would set off an alert in the event of transfers of this kind of data, in this case to an email account? Are there policies prohibiting the use of personal email accounts on department-managed devices, especially for employees with this type of access?
These are lessons that all organizations should have learned by now, though they clearly have not. They indicate not blips in security programs but systemic weaknesses. These types of incidents can and do occur in all sectors, but areas such as financial services, government and government contractors, and even retail have had more experience in developing, paid more attention to security programs and been more strictly scrutinized and, at times, penalized by regulatory bodies than the healthcare industry. Enforcement of HIPAA security rules, even since the advent of HITECH, has been spotty.
Annual security surveys conducted by the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) over the last few years continue to show that the majority continue to spend 3% or less of their total IT budget on security. A separate HIMSS report says that only 45 percent of U.S. hospital protect electronic health records by conducting and reviewing a security risk analysis. My guess is the organizations that were victimized in the latest incidents were not among the 45%. If they were, they did not do a very good job.
And getting back to the Symantec findings, 43% is 43%, the disclosure requirement factor notwithstanding. The clear implication is that organizations holding healthcare information are doing a pretty terrible job protecting sensitive data. Organizations across sectors can draw lessons from the recent incidents, and all can be doing a better job. But healthcare, as a sector, it seems, is lagging.
It is timely, therefore, that the Health Information Health Information Trust Alliance (HITRUST) has announced that 14 member organizations and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services have announced formation of HITRUST Cybersecurity Incident Response and Coordination Center, a clearinghouse for sharing information about hacker attacks on healthcare organizations as well as best security practices. There's a lot of work to be done.


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Die Seebek (dän. Søbæk) ist ein Bach in Schleswig-Holstein. Er verläuft in Maasholm und mündet in die Schlei.

Sie wird vom Wasser- und Bodenverband Oehe-Maasholm verwaltet.

Sie verläuft vom nördlich-mittigen Maasholm Richtung südlich-mittiges Maasholm, wo sie am Rand der Seevogelschutzstation Oehe-Schleimünde in die Schlei mündet.

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It's all important week 13 and if you need a win to make the playoffs or you need a win to spoil someone else's playoff dreams, you've come to the right place.
Philly Rivers - Chargers: This guy is on fire and up next are the winless Browns on a road trip. Grab your hotdog sticks, it's going to be a weenie roast. Set 'em!
Tygod Taylor - Bills: He runs, he passes, he's at home and the Pats are coming to town. Cha-ching!
Alex Smith - Chiefs: The shrinking violet has stunk for months now and has to travel to the Big Apple and face the scrappy Jets. Uh uh. Forget 'em!
Matty Ice - Falcons: He hasn't exactly been setting the world on fire this year and a showdown with the rough and tough Vikings defense ain't the way to stoke the flames.
Jamaal Williams - Packers: Currently the only show in town with Ty and Aaron injured, Jamaal has been getting tons of usage and the Buccaneers are a tasty matchup. Set 'em!
Christy McCaffrey - Panthers: He's coming off a good game and will be needed to move the ball in what could be a high scoring affair in the Superdome. Giddy up!
DeMarco Murray - Titans: It's pretty simple, he stinks and he's splitting time with Henry. Forget 'em!
Tevin Coleman - Falcons: Freeman is over his headache and the Vikings are a migraine to most running backs.
Teddy Gin, Jr. - Saints: REVENGE game against the Panthers at home in New Orleans. In the previous matchup Teddy had some big plays and that should continue this week.
Davante Adams - Packers: He has blackmail material on Hundley and is reaping the target rewards. Brett only has eyes for Davante and you should set 'em!
T.Y. Hilton - Colts: Jalen Ramsey and his band of thieving Jaguars say, forget T.Y..
Sammy Watkins - Rams: Sammy has a date with Patty Peterson and you should give them privacy on their island vacation.
Jared Cook - Raiders: His top two WR teammates are not playing and the Giants "defense" is travelling to the Black Hole. Yup. Set 'em.
Vern Davis - Redskins: Jordan Reed is taking his usual medical sabbatical and Vern should bounce back big time against the stumbling Cowboys.
Ricky Seals-Jones - Cardinals: Nothing against Ricky, I think he's a promising young prospect, but I'm not trusting him yet in important week 13. No thanks.
Julius Thomas - Dolphins: Sure it's a REVENGE game and the Broncos are terrible defending tight ends. Unfortunately for Julie, the Dolphins are terrible at everything. Forget 'em!
Tennessee Titans: Tom Savage and the Texans come to Music City. Saddle up those Titans!
Denver Broncos: Miami Dolphins and Smoking Jay Cutler spells defensive points.
Seattle Seahawks: The Legion of Boom has been disbanded and the Eagles are lighting up everyone. Forget 'em.
Carolina Panthers: On the road on the fast track of the New Orleans Superdome against the potent Saints? Nope. Not this week.


text:
Leasedirect Extends Wrexham Shirt Sponsorship deal
Wrexham shirt sponsors, Leasedirect Finance, have renewed their commitment to the club, even though the Dragons have been relegated from the Football League.
Wrexham is delighted to announce the extension of their existing shirt sponsorship deal with Leasedirect Finance Ltd, the North Wales based commercial finance firm. They have agreed to extend their sponsorship arrangements with Wrexham FC beyond the existing contract that already takes them up to the end of next season (2008/09), for a further two years into 2009/10 and 2010/11.
This is a recording breaking deal for the club and makes their sponsorship worth over GBP 1/4m. Leasedirect will continue to offer a range of incentives over and above the standard terms of the sponsorship arrangement (as has been the case in previous seasons), although to help with securing the long term investment in youth, all incentives earned will be directed exclusively for use by the club's Centre of Excellence.
Paul Buchanan, Leasedirect's Managing Director said: "The partnership over the past two seasons with Wrexham has been highly enjoyable and we are confident that the club will bounce straight back into the Football League, and see no reason why we shouldn't continue to back Wrexham towards this goal. "I also think it is important for Leasedirect to set an example to the rest of the business community in North Wales that continuing to back Wrexham, the only major football club in the locality, is important for the area as a whole, as the club is a focal point for the passions of a great number of people."
Speaking at the launch of the deal, Wrexham FC's Chief Executive Anthony Fairclough said: "Once again I have been overwhelmed by the outcome of negotiations with Leasedirect.
"They have proved themselves to be an innovative sponsor in the past and once again have shown their true commitment to the long term future of this football club.
"I hope that other businesses in the area will follow suit and continue to back the club, as we all look to give Brian Little the best possible platform for gaining success as quickly as possible."


One of the biggest challenges faced by the industry in general is the cost incurred due to the limited operating life of electric submersible pump (ESP) systems and the need for workover operations (WO) to replace the pumps. The impact of current methods on the total cost of ownership is well understood within the artificial lift industry. To address this problem and reduce the dependence on rigs for WO, the owner is undertaking a series of field trials of the latest generation of rigless wireline-deployed ESP replacement systems.
This paper details the field experience gained to-date while carrying out the appraisal for this technology. This field trial includes harsh downhole environments with high H2S content. It also addresses several key parameters such as success criteria, selection of completion equipment, well control contingencies to adhere to operator's policies, and details of the planning and execution phases. The paper also provides a comparison between the conventional and the rigless ESP deployments, as well as results and lesson learned.
The partial results of this initial technology appraisal indicates that it has the potential to drastically lower ESP operating costs by reducing production deferment, minimizing HSE exposure, diverting rigs to other operations, and positively impacting asset value.
By sharing real-world lessons learned about technology deployment, the paper will serve as a guide to other operators as they look for ways to improve ESP cost efficiency.
Griffiths, N., Sipra, I., Gahlot, V.. 2007, The World's First Wireline Retrievable ESP System. Presented at the SPE Gulf Coast ESP Workshop, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, 25-27 April.


[Skuid Mobile] load more still shows even skuid model doesn't have any records in it.
the deck still shows the "load more" option even though the model on the deck doesn't have any data.
Requery model with the new record added, Model.updateData doesn't update the query of the model.


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Curcuma longa (turmeric) has a long history of use in Ayurvedic medicine as a treatment for inflammatory conditions. Turmeric constituents include the three curcuminoids: curcumin (diferuloylmethane; the primary constituent and the one responsible for its vibrant yellow color), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, as well as volatile oils (tumerone, atlantone, and Zingiberone), sugars, proteins, and resins. While numerous Pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, have been attributed to curcumin, this Article focuses on curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties and its use for inflammatory conditions. Curcumin's effect on cancer (from an anti-inflammatory perspective) will also be discussed; however, an exhaustive review of its many anticancer mechanisms is outside the scope of this Article. Research has shown curcumin to be a highly pleiotropic molecule capable of interacting with numerous molecular targets involved in inflammation. Based on early cell culture and animal research, clinical trials indicate curcumin may have potential as a therapeutic agent in diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, arthritis, and chronic anterior uveitis, as well as certain types of cancer. Because of curcumin's rapid plasma clearance and conjugation, its therapeutic usefulness has been somewhat limited, leading researchers to investigate the benefits of complexing curcumin with other substances to increase systemic bioavailability. Numerous in-progress clinical trials should provide an even deeper understanding of the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of curcumin.
Kar AC, Maity SK, Rao MM, Mishra AK. AC 4 - An Ayurvedic contraceptive Agent. Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Siddha. 2002;23(3-4):76-81.
Abstract.:
A study on AC-4 (Coded drug) was carried out CRI (Ay), Kolkata about the contraceptive effect for which 85 women were included. The cases were followed up to 36th cycle. Out of 85 cases, 22 cases are taking medicine and 5 cases show pregnancy due to drug omission. Only 2 cases show side effects and rest cases discontinued due to other reasons.
Kar AC, Rao MM, Devidas KV. Relevance of Proper Collection, Storage and PreserVation of Ayurvedaic Drugs in relation to GMP of ISM Drugs. B.M.E.B.R,New Delhi. 2000;21( 3-4): 66-70.
Therapeutic uses of plant products have gained considerable momentum in the world during the past decade and India ID one of the major produced and supplier of Ayurvedic Drugs. Since the quantum of the production increased and export market opened up, strict manufacturing practices are to be enforced to keep up quality of these products. This paper explains the quality control of raw drugs at the stage of its collection, preserVation and storage based on Ayurvedic classics and also the importance of its place of cultivation agro-ecological and agro climatic conditions etc. which will ultimately relevant to its therapeutic properties.
Kar AC, Rao MM, Devidas KV. Preventive and curative measures of Slipada (Filariasis) on the basis of Kriyakala. Sachitra Ayurveda.2002;(10): 71-75.
The disease Slipada , which is described in classical Ayurvedic literature is now well recognized as filariasis as described in modern medicine. Though this disease is not fatal but has a socio economic and psychological impact on the society. Ayurveda being true to its fundamental concept of diseases does not describe the causative factor as parasites but attributes the disease to doshic vitiation of Kapha involving mamsa and rakta. The objectives of Ayurveda are not only to cure the disease but also prevention of the same before its onset. This is only possible if one understands the evolution of disease process. The concept has been developed in relevance to the fundamental Tridosha theory of Ayurveda and the term satKriyakala has been described in reference to the respective changes n the three doshas. The approach behind the satKriyakala is the early detection of disease and earliest therapeutic intervention so that further progress may be checked as the treatment becomes difficult during the advanced stage of a disease.So before treatment it is more important to know the evolution of disease process. Here in this paper, it has been focused more to undertstand the evolution of Filariasis on the basis of satKriyakala by incorporating the description of Slipada as available in Ayurvedic texts to be presented under the heading of "Nidan" and "Samprapti".
Khalsa KP. The practitioner's perspective: introduction to Ayurvedic herbalism. J Herb Pharmacother. 2007;7(3-4):129-42. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Ayurveda, the indigenous holistic healing system of India, is a holistic approach to health and lifestyle management that incorporates diet, exercise, life activity routines, psychotherapeutic practices, massage and botanical medicine. Ayurveda focuses on prevention, applying techniques of self-care to restore health balance quickly and effectively. Ayurveda is one of the four large, long-practiced ethnic herbal medicine systems with large extant literatures (along with Western, Chinese and Unani). It affords valuable clinical insights in its own right. Acquiring a basis in Ayurveda will enhance access to south Asian herbs and indigenous medicinal preparations.
Khan S, Balick MJ. Therapeutic plants of Ayurveda: a review of selected clinical and other studies for 166 species. J Altern Complement Med. 2001;7(5):405-515. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
This paper reports on the results of a literature survey involving 166 different species of plants used in the Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia, based on a sampling of the literature available to us. We found a wide range of clinical and other in vivo studies for many of the plant-based therapies utilized in the Ayurvedic system. Of the 166 plants investigated, 72 (43%) had at least one or more human studies and 103 (62%) had one or more animal studies. These results appear to contradict the generally held notion that herbal remedies used in non-Western systems of botanical medicine have not been evaluated in human or in vivo trials. Some of these studies are not always as large or methodologically rigorous as clinical studies reported in major medical journals. Indeed, a critical assessment of the research according to the standards of evidence-based medicine would eliminate many of these studies for lack of rigor according to criteria of randomization, sample size, adequacy of controls, etc. However, the studies do suggest which species might be appropriate for larger and better-controlled trials in the future. Accordingly, a synopsis of the plants, their therapeutic applications, and their clinical or experimental evaluations is presented.
Krishnamurthy MN, Telles S. Assessing depression following two ancient Indian interventions: effects of yoga and Ayurveda on older adults in a residential home. J Gerontol Nurs.2007;33(2):17-23. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
The effects of yoga and Ayurveda on geriatric depression were evaluated in 69 persons older than 60 who were living in a residential home. PArticipants were stratified by age and gender and randomly allocated to three groups: Yoga, Ayurveda, and Wait-list Control. The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms prior to the intervention, and after 3 months and 6 months post-intervention. PArticipation in one of the three groups lasted 24 weeks. The yoga program (7 hours 30 minutes per week) included physical postures, relaxation techniques, regulated breathing, devotional songs, and lectures. The Ayurveda Group received an herbal preparation twice daily for the whole period. The depression symptom scores of the Yoga Group at both 3 and 6 months decreased significantly, from a group average baseline of 10.6 to 8.1 and 6.7, respectively (p < 0.001, paired t-test). The other groups showed no change. Hence, an integrated approach of yoga including the mental and philosophical aspects in addition to the physical practices was useful for institutionalized older persons.
Kulkarni M, Deopujari JY, Purohit HJ. Synergistic effect of Ayurvedic pearl preparation on enhancing effectiveness of antibiotics. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002;40(7):831-4. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Studies were carried out with Ayurvedic preparations derived from pearl, which include preparations bhasma and pishti. The synergistic effect to reduce the dose of antibiotic was tested against E. coli the test bacterium with ampicillin antibiotic by bore well and disks diffusion methods. It was observed that pearl preparations do not show any antibacterial activity but when used at 200 microg/ml concentration with antibiotics, then even at sub-lethal dose, the antibiotic has effectively shown the results with reduced contact time. The protocol was also tested with the other bacteria like, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Vibrio cholarae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus and has shown similar results. The pearl bhasma synergistic effect was also tested with other antibiotics such as erythromycin, kanamycin, and ampicillin.
Kumar A, Singh G, Kumar N. Ayurvedic heritage of J and K: a review of Sri Ranbira Chikitsa Sudha Sara. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 2001;31(2):133-8. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
This work reviews the contents of an Ayurvedic treatise "Sri Ranbira Chikitsa Sudha Sara" authored by Kaviraj Neel Kanth in the year 1931 of Vikrami, in 'Takari' script, the official script during the reign of his highness Maharaja Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir. A copy of the book is presently available with Raghunath Sanskrit Library, Jammu in torn condition. This is a humble effort by the authors for the exploration of hidden and old Ayurvedic literature of Jammu and Kashmir.
Kumar MS, Kirubanandan S, Sripriya R, Sehgal PK. Triphala promotes healing of infected full-thickness dermal wound. J Surg Res. 2008;144(1):94-101. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Infection is a major problem in the management of wounds. Even though the development of synthetic antimicrobial agents persists, drug resistance and toxicity hinder their way. Many plants with multi-potent pharmaceutical activities may offer better treatment options, and Triphala (dried fruits of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica, and Phyllanthus emblica) are potential formulations evaluated for healing activity on infected wound as it possesses numerous activities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Alcoholic extract of Triphala has shown in vitro antimicrobial activity against wound pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pyogenes. An ointment was prepared from the Triphala extract (10% w/w) and assessed for in vivo wound healing on infected rat model by rate of healing, bacterial count, biochemical analysis, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases.
The treated group has shown significantly improved wound closure. Assessment of granulation tissue on every fourth day showed significant reduction in bacterial count with significant level of collagen, hexosamine, uronic acid, and superoxide dismutase in the treated group (P < 0.01). Reduction of matrix metalloproteinase expression observed in the treated group by gelatin zymography and immunoblotting confirms our in vivo assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The above results showed the antibacterial, wound healing, and antioxidant activities of Triphala ointment, necessary for the management of infected wounds. Active principles of the Triphala may be further evaluated and used as an excellent therapeutic formulation for infected wounds.
Lahorkar P, Ramitha K, Bansal V, Anantha Narayana DB. A comparative evaluation of medicated oils prepared using Ayurvedic and modified processes.Indian J Pharm Sci.2009;71(6):656-62. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Medicated oils prepared using process as mentioned in Ayurveda are used for external and internal administrations to treat various disorders. Taila pak vidhi provides detailed description of such processes. Medicated oils are prepared by prolonged cooking of sesame oil with pasty mass of herbs and decoction of herbs in presence of large quantity of water. We report preliminary findings of physicochemical and chromatographic profiles of changes brought out by such processes and the role of each component. Changes observed when the processes were altered to deviate from those prescribed in Ayurveda are also reported.
Lal UR, Tripathi SM, Jachak SM, Bhutani KK, Singh IP. RP-HPLC analysis of Jirakadyarishta and chemical changes during fermentation. Nat Prod Commun. 2010;5(11):1767-70. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Jirakadyarishta, an Ayurvedic formulation prepared by the fermentation of a decoction of Cuminum cyminum (seeds) is traditionally used for intestinal disorders. RP-HPLC analysis of the decoction and the final processed formulation revealed that apigenin-7-O-[galacturonide (1 --> 4)-O-glucoside] and luteolin-4'-O-glucoside-7-O-galacturonide) were the two major constituents of the decoction of C. cyminum. Selective hydrolysis of 7-O-glucosides of luteolin and apigenin during fermentation resulted in an increase in the amount of luteolin and apigenin. The 4'-O-glucoside-7-O-galacturonide of luteolin and galacturonide deriVative of apigenin were not hydrolyzed during fermentation. Monomeric phenolics, together with 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF), were also introduced into the formulation through the jaggery and other plant materials during fermentation. This communication highlights the importance of the ancient processing methods used in Ayurveda.
Lal UR, Tripathi SM, Jachak SM, Bhutani KK, Singh IP. Chemical changes during fermentation of Abhayarishta and its standardization by HPLC-DAD. Nat Prod Commun. 2010;5(4):575-9. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
Abhayarishta is an Ayurvedic formulation prepared traditionally by the fermentation of the decoction of Terminalia chebula (pericarp), Vitis vinifera (fruits), Embelia ribes (fruits) and Madhuca indica (flowers). In the present communication, chemical changes occurring during fermentation in Abhayarishta have been studied for the purpose of its standardization. An HPLC-DAD method for quantitative estimation of selected marker constituents in the formulation has been developed and validated. A comparison of decoction and final processed formulation revealed that major polyphenolics (chebulagic and chebulinic acid) of T. chebula were hydrolyzed to their respective monomers and, consequently, there was an increase in the amount of chebulic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid and ethyl gallate after fermentation. 5-Hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) was also found in the formulation. Thus, emphasis is laid upon consideration of processing methods of formulation which has been lacking in the standardization of most of Ayurvedic formulations.
Maity SK, Kar AC, Rao MM, Mishra AK. A clinical trial on Vyana vala Vaishamya (Hypertention) by Ayurvedic drugs. Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Siddha. 2000; 21 (3-4): 91-97.
Vyana Bala Vaishamya hypertension is a common health problem occurring in about 2-15% of population in India and many other countries. So many Ayurvedic physicians are treating this disease successfully. But to give rationales to the effectiveness of Ayurvedic drugs and to provide statistically viable scientific data in the subject, a blind trial had been conducted during the year 1992-1999 at CRI, Calcutta as per the direction of CCRAS, New Delhi. Tagaradi and Usheeradi churna were undertaken for this trial and it was found that Ushiradi Churna was more effective than Tagaradi churna. More than 50% cases showed good response to the treatment. Very few cases showed poor and no response. Regarding the response of individuals group is concerned Usheradi churana is more effective than Tagaradi churna.
Manjunath NK, Telles S. Influence of Yoga and Ayurveda on self-rated sleep in a geriatric population. Indian J Med Res. 2005;121(5):683-90. Http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Sleep in older persons is characterized by decreased ability to stay asleep, resulting in fragmented sleep and reduced daytime alertness. Pharmacological treatment of insomnia in older persons is associated with hazardous side effects. Hence, the present study was designed to compare the effects of Yoga and Ayurveda on the self rated sleep in a geriatric population.
Of the 120 residents from a home for the aged, 69 were stratified based on age (five year intervals) and randomly allocated to three groups i.e.Yoga (physical postures, relaxation techniques, voluntarily regulated breathing and lectures on yoga philosophy), Ayurveda (a herbal preparation), and Wait-list control (no intervention). The groups were evaluated for self-assessment of sleep over a one week period at baseline, and after three and six months of the respective interventions.
The Yoga group showed a significant decrease in the time taken to fall asleep (approximate group average decrease: 10 min, P<0.05), an increase in the total number of hours slept (approximate group average increase: 60 min, P< 0.05) and in the feeling of being rested in the morning based on a rating scale (P<0.05) after six months. The other groups showed no significant change.
INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION:
Yoga practice improved different aspects of sleep in a geriatric population.
Meena A K, Bansal Parveen, Kumar Sanjiv and Rao M M. "Plants Herbal Wealth as Potential source of Ayurvedic Drug" .Asian Journal of Tradition Medicines.2009;4(4):51-69.
Nearly 80 % of the global population still depends upon the herbal drugs for their health care. There has been an increase demand for the pharmaceutical products of Ayurveda in all over the world because of fact that the allopathic drugs have a side effect. In the present context the Ayurvedic system of medicine is widely accepted and practiced by peoples no only in India but also in the developed countries- such as Europe, USA, Japan, China, Canada etc. Plant based therapy are marked due to its low cost, easy availability based on generation to generation knowledge. However, over commercial exploitation of these plant products and frequent degradation of natural resources are reported to be major threats to medicinal plants in India. The aim of the present review is to understand the knowledge of plants used for Ayurvedic preparations in relation to their use as therapeutic agents, Pharmacological properties, medicinal plants being imported; medicinal plant parts being exported, endangered medicinal plants and availability of medicinal plants in different bio-geographical zones of India so that the data and information of this review could be utilized in drawing strategies for rational and more scientific use of medicinal plants in a way that can be extended for future scientific investigation in different aspects. The development of this traditional Indian system of medicines with perspectives of safety, efficacy and quality will help not only to preserve this traditional heritage but also to rationalize the use of natural products in health care without side effects.
Meena A K, kaur Ramanjeet, Singh Brijendra, Yadav A K, Uttam Singh, Sachan Ayushy, Pal Bhavana, Rao M M. " Review On Antifungal Activities of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants" Drug Invention Today.2010;2(2):146-148.
Infectious diseases represent a critical problem to health and they are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The resistance to antibiotics and with the toxicity during prolonged treatment with several drugs due to this medicinal plants are widely used by the traditional medical practitioners for curing various diseases in their day to day practice. Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. During the past several years, there has been an increasing incidence of fungal infections due to a growth in immune compromised population such as organ transplant recipients, cancer and HIV/AIDS patients. The presented review summarizes the information concerning the new profile of antifungal drugs obtaining from medicinal plants.
Meena A K, Rao M M, Kandale Ajit, Sannd R, Sharma Kiran , Niranjan U, Yadav A K. "Standardisation of Desmodium gangeticum – A Traditional Ayurvedic Plant" Drug Invention Today.2010;2(2):182-184 .
Desmodium gangeticum is a traditional Ayurvedic plant used for centuries as an anthelminthic, anti-catarrahal, diuretic, expectorant, astringent, febrifuge, nervine tonic, anti diarrheal, bronchiodilator, vasopressor, analgesic, antipyretic, cardio tonic, stimulant, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The whole plant, its extract and isolates have been extensively investigated in several laboratories for their different biological activities. In addition researchers have evaluated the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and other Pharmacological effects of Desmodium gangeticum preparations/extracts.
Meena A K, Rao M M, Komal Preet, Padhi M M, Singh Arjun, Babu Ramesh. Comparative Study on Family Zingiberaceae Plants Used In Ayurvedic Drugs. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2010;2(2): 58-60.
The present Article attempts to compare physico-chemical parameters of Zingiber officinalis Roxb.Hedychium spicatum Ham ex Smith , Curcuma longa Linn belonging to common family Zingiberaceae. Each of them is considered to have huge medicinal value in Ayurveda, Sidhha and Unani traditional medicines. Since ancient times, these drugs are used according to their medical value. Investigation of such traditionally used medicinal plants is thus valuable on two levels, firstly, as a source of potential chemo therapeutic drugs and secondly, as a measure of safety for the continued use of medicinal plants. The present paper attempts to evaluate the physicochemical parameters like PH, Loss on drying at 105°C, Water soluble extract, Alcohol soluble extract, Total Ash, Acid insoluble ash and Thin layer chromatography. The study revealed specific identities for crude drug taken which will be useful in identification and control to adulterations of the raw drug.
Meena A K, Rao MM, Rao V Nageswara, Komalpreet, Padhi MM and Babu Ramesh. Comparative Study of Various Plants of Piperaceae Family Commonly Used in Ayurvedic Formulations. Research Journal Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.2010; 2(5): 407-410.
The present Article attempts to compare TLC and physico-chemical parameters of P. nigrum Linn.Piper cubeba Linn.Piper longum Linn. and Piper chaba Hunter belonging to common family Piperaceae. Each of them is considered to have huge medicinal value in Ayurveda, Sidhha and Unani traditional medicines. Since ancient times, these drugs are used according to their medical value. Investigation of such traditionally used medicinal plants
is thus valuable on two levels, firstly, as a source of potential chemo therapeutic drugs and secondly, as a measure of safety for the continued use of medicinal plants. The present paper attempts to evaluate the physicochemical parameters like pH, Loss on drying at 105°C, Water soluble extract, Alcohol soluble extract, Total Ash, Acid insoluble ash and thin layer chromatography. The study revealed specific identities for crude drug taken which will be useful in identification and control to adulterations of the raw drug.
Meena A K, Sachan Ayushy, Kaur Ramanjeet, Pal Bhavana, Rao M M, Singh Brijendra and Mishra Santosh Kumar. Quality Assessment of Different Variants of Yogaraj Guggulu. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance. 2010;2(2):10-12.


Our Strategic partners are individuals or organisations that enhance and enable the strategic aims of West Sussex Music.
Bohunt School Worthing is delighted to have welcomed West Sussex Music in September 2016 to host the Worthing Music Centre and its students and families.
The £18 million purpose built, modern and innovative school opened in September 2015 to Year 7 and 8, ultimately growing into a vibrant and successful 11-16 comprehensive by 2018 in the heart of its community where all students and staff genuinely enjoy, respect and achieve.
These brand new specialist facilities and resources are a welcoming venue providing excellent accommodation for the musical ensembles, a canteen for waiting parents to meet and socialise and an atrium which allows music to be heard throughout the entire building.
For 900 years Chichester Cathedral has welcomed visitors through its doors - worshippers, seekers, tourists, people of all faiths and none. People visit cathedrals for all sorts of reasons. Whatever brings you to Chichester, you will find a welcome in this place, where people have brought their joys and their sorrows for 900 years. The Cathedral has long enjoyed a high reputation for the quality of its music, accessible through the daily pattern of worship, concert programme and through other initiatives which focus on engaging people of all ages and abilities in creating and enjoying music.
We are a close and supportive community, working hard to achieve the best for all our students. Every individual is valued in the school and we ensure that everyone has the opportunity to develop their talents whatever they may be.
We recognise that every student has his/her own starting point; understanding the person and charting the right educational course is essential to that student's success.
We are delighted that West Sussex Music deliver lessons in our school, hundreds of students from across the area come and create beautiful music within our facilities.
As a school, we are immensely proud of several of our students who get selected to represent their County in music. The West Sussex Music County Ensembles represent the pinnacle of musical achievement for young musicians in West Sussex.
The College of Richard Collyer (Collyer's) was founded in 1532 by a wealthy London merchant who it is believed was born in Horsham. The college moved to its site in Hurst Road in 1892 and was a Grammar School until 1976 when it became a Sixth Form College under the reorganisation of state education in Horsham. Collyer's is an Ofsted Outstanding college and is in the top 10% of state school sixth forms in the country for value added. As a Sixth Form College, Collyer's offers a range of over 35 A levels and BTEC qualifications including Music and Music Production.
West Sussex Music County Ensembles and Horsham Music Centre will have their new home based at our campus as from April 2018. We are very excited about building a relationship with the West Sussex Music team.
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Oathall is a mixed comprehensive secondary school for students aged between 11 and 16. We are situated on the boundaries of the town of Haywards Heath and the village of Lindfield in the heart of Mid-Sussex. Our music department is lively, strong and inclusive. Students of all abilities are given the opportunity to enjoy and learn about music from a wide range of cultures. We have suite of well-equipped music rooms with a range of instruments and our students have the opportunity to study a wide range of instruments. We have close ties with West Sussex Music and are pleased to be able to host a Music Centre at Oathall.
West Sussex County Council has been supporting music education in the county for over 50 years. As West Sussex Music leaves local authority control to become an independent charitable company, we remain strongly in partnership with the Council; working together to improve the musical outcomes for all children.


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Why, hello, cupcake! Dog lovers, get your just desserts with these easy recipes.
To prepare frosting for both breeds.
Spoon 1/3 cup vanilla frosting into a ziplock bag. Tint 1/3 cup vanilla frosting a pinkish brown with the red and brown food colouring. Spoon 2 Tbsp pinkish brown frosting into a small ziplock bag and place the remaining pinkish frosting into a small bowl and cover. Tint 1 cup vanilla frosting light gray. Spoon 4 Tbsp gray frosting into a small bowl and cover. Tint the remaining gray frosting a darker shade and spoon half of it into a small ziplock bag and place the remaining darker gray frosting into a small bowl and cover. Tint 1 cup of the dark chocolate frosting black with the black food colouring. Spoon 2 Tbsp of the remaining dark brown frosting into a small ziplock bag. Spoon 1/2 cup of the black frosting into a ziplock bag and keep the remaining frosting covered.
1. Cut 1/4 inch slice, crosswise, from marshmallow. Cut the slice into quarters. Press the cut side of two of the quartered pieces into the pink sugar and use these to make the ears. Using remaining large piece of marshmallow, trim 1/4 inch piece off of round edge. Spread the top of a cupcake with a thin layer of the dark gray frosting. Place the largest piece of marshmallow on top of cupcake, trimmed end closest to edge. Arrange the two sugared marshmallow pieces as the ears on the top edge of cupcake.
2. Cut the fruit chew into quarters. Use one piece to shape into a tear drop shape to make the tongue. Press a knife onto the fruit chew to create a crease and pinch one end.
3. Pipe vertical lines of vanilla frosting on the edge of the cupcake below the marshmallow and on the front flat side of the marshmallow. Snip a small corner from the bag with the dark gray frosting. Pipe a few lines around edges of ears, at top of cupcake to make tufts of hair, and vertical lines on both sides of marshmallow to cover with the dark gray frosting. Pipe two dots of vanilla frosting and add the chocolate candies for the eyes. Pipe small white highlights in the eyes. Add the black jellybean for the nose and the pink fruit chew for the mouth.
1. Cut chocolate cookie using a serrated knife to make the long pointy Chihuahua ears. Cut the marshmallow in half crosswise. Spread the top of a cupcake with a thin layer of pinkish brown frosting. Place the cut marshmallow on the lower half of the cupcake and press into the frosting (see photo). Spread the pinkish brown frosting on top to cover cupcake and marshmallow.
2. Spread one side of the chocolate cookie ears with the pinkish brown frosting. Sprinkle the top of cookie ears with the sugar to coat. Press the cookies into the cupcake on either side to make the ears.
3. Pipe several lines of the pinkish brown frosting around the edge of the ears. Pipe a mouth with the dark brown frosting. Add a whole black jellybean on its side to make the nose. Press the two remaining black jellybeans on end into the frosting for the eyes. Pipe small white highlights in the eyes.
Reprinted with permission from Hello, Cupcake! by Karen Tack and Alan Richardson, Houghton Mifflin Co., 2008.
Would love to make a Yorkie cupcake. These are so cute but I doubt mine would turn out this good.
Thinking About A Vegetable-Based Diet?


text:
Q: React Native A problem occurred starting process 'command 'npx When I try to build signed bundle I get this error.
Execution failed for task ':app:bundleReleaseJsAndAssets'.

A problem occurred starting process 'command 'npx''

How can I solve this issue ? Thanks.
"npx": "^10.2.2",
"react": "16.11.0",
"react-native": "0.62.2"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Cocos2dx for Windows Phone : VS2012 raise bunch of errors I am porting a game based on Cocos2dx from iOS to Windows Phone 8. The problem here is after I change the fix all the errors of differences of API, I got a bunch of syntax errors, undeclared variable (although these variable is declared). Here is my sample code:
The .h file:
#ifndef __Bomb__
#define __Bomb__

#include "MoveableObject.h"

typedef enum BombType {
    BombTypeElectrical,
    BombTypeIce,
    BombTypeChemical,
    BombTypeSmall,
    BombTypeBig
} BombType;

class Bomb : public MoveableObject {
public:
    Bomb() {};
    Bomb(const char* szName);
    virtual ~Bomb() {};

    void setType(int nType) { m_nType = nType; };

    int getType() { return m_nType; };
    bool isExploding() { return m_bExploding; };
    int bombTypeForName(const char* szName);

    void expode();
    void activate();
    void finishExploding();

protected:
    bool m_bExploding;
    int m_nType;
};

#endif

And the error is mark here:
Bomb::Bomb(const char* szName) : MoveableObject(szName), m_bExploding(false) {
    m_nType = this->bombTypeForName(szName);
}

Error 28 error C3861: 'm_bExploding': identifier not found
Anyone had this problem before? How could I solved these problems like this (there are total 420 errors)?. Any help appreciated.
Thanks.

A: I think the errors are because of the different versions of cocos2d-x and WP8 port.
there is a newer version of WP8 port available:
http://www.cocos2d-x.org/news/98
you are probably using the old version 0.13. There are a lot of syntax (function signatures) changes and thus the errors. Try the version 2.0 in the link given. It has the same API as cocos2d-x v2.1


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SEC hackers saw real financial data used in tests
By Joseph Menn , Sarah N. Lynch on Sep 26, 2017 11:24AM
Companies meant to be using dummy data.
Hackers breached the US Securities and Exchange Commission's computer system last year by taking advantage of companies that used authentic financial data when they were testing the agency's corporate filing system, according to sources familiar with the matter.
The FBI and the US Secret Service have since launched an investigation into a 2016 hack into the SEC'S EDGAR system, several of those people said.
The sources spoke anonymously because it is not a public investigation.
The SEC's EDGAR system is a crucial network used by companies to file earnings reports and other material information.
Spokesmen for the FBI, the Secret Service and the SEC all declined to comment, saying they could neither confirm nor deny the existence of an investigation.
The breach occurred in October 2016 and was detected that same month.
The attack appeared to have been routed through a server in Eastern Europe, according to an internal government memo describing the incident, which was seen by Reuters.
There was no evidence at the time that data had been improperly retrieved, according to one source familiar with the matter, and the issue was handled internally by the SEC's Office of Information Technology.
Only after the SEC's Enforcement Division detected a pattern of suspicious trading ahead of company public disclosures did officials go back to the agency's technology staff and ask if some companies were using authentic data when they were testing the EDGAR system, one of the people said.
The person said that "not many companies" had submitted real data that is believed to have been hacked.
The test process "is for people to submit test filings to ensure that they format correctly and don't have submission errors," the person said.
"They normally use that right before they file their normal reports. They are supposed to use dummy data," the person said.
"However, it is still supposed to be protected the same way in case they do something stupid. A couple companies did, and it wasn't protected properly."
SEC chair to confirm probe
SEC Chairman Jay Clayton will confirm the enforcement division's ongoing investigation when he testifies Tuesday before the Senate Banking Committee, according to prepared testimony reviewed by Reuters.
He has also asked the SEC's Office of Inspector General to investigate the intrusion itself, the scope of non-public information that was stolen and how the SEC responded to the incident, which he said was properly reported to the Department of Homeland Security's Computer Emergency Readiness Team.
The FBI's investigation is focusing specifically on the trading activity in connection with the breach, according to several sources.
One possibility the FBI is considering is that the SEC breach was connected to a group of hackers that intercepted electronic corporate press releases in a previous case which the FBI in New Jersey helped investigate, several of the sources said.
In that case, federal prosecutors in the New York borough of Brooklyn and New Jersey, as well as the SEC, charged an alliance of stock traders and suspected computer hackers based in the United States and Ukraine.
Clayton, who was installed as chairman in May, only learned of the 2016 breach in August through the enforcement investigation.
SEC Commissioners Kara Stein and Mike Piwowar, who are the only other two sitting members of the agency at the moment, also only learned of it recently.
Some SEC enforcement attorneys not involved in the matter learned about it when they read it in the newspaper, sources said.
The delay in disclosing the hack and the months-long gap between uncovering it and discovering the potential insider trading are particularly embarrassing for an agency that has pushed companies to bolster their cyber capabilities and which investigates companies for failing to disclose breaches to investors faster.
While no company has ever been charged for flawed disclosures, the SEC has previously brought charges against brokerage firms over poor cyber security practices.
The SEC has experienced other cyber incidents in recent months.
Between October 2016 and April 2017, the SEC documented a variety of various cyber security incidents, according to one source familiar with the matter.
Reuters was not immediately able to ascertain the nature of all of the incidents, though the source said several involved EDGAR.
In one other case that was not related to EDGAR, a server being set up for SEC use had not been updated to fix known vulnerabilities, one person familiar with the matter said.
The SEC detected unauthorised communications from it.
The FBI watched the traffic, which was early signalling or "beaconing" rather than the export of important information, and the hole was closed.
In that case, the signal from the beacon was sent to a server in Ukraine, the person added.
The SEC has been criticised for its cyber defences.
The US Department of Homeland Security detected 5 "critical" vulnerabilities that needed to be fixed when it scanned a sample of the agency's computers and devices the week of January 23.
© 2019 Thomson Reuters. Click for Restrictions.
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