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Most people see dairy cows grazing in the field and think that they have an easy, peaceful life, and die naturally at a ripe old age. In reality, the dairy cow is the hardest worked of all farmed animals, nurturing a growing calf inside her while simultaneously producing 24-40 litres of milk a day. No other farmed animal carries this dual load of pregnancy and lactation.
Professor John Webster has likened the workload of the high-yielding dairy cow to that of:
"…a jogger who goes running for six to eight hours every day" and believes that "the only humans who work harder than the dairy cow are cyclists in the Tour de France."
Professor John Webster (37)
This enormous physical burden takes its toll on the cow's body and after only two to four lactations she is culled, either due to infertility, mastitis, severe lameness or because her milk yield has dropped (8, 31). A healthy beef cow, in comparison, can produce 10 or more calves before reaching physical exhaustion.
"As far as the welfare issue is concerned, the problems with beef cattle are nothing compared to the problems in the dairy industry. So anyone who avoids beef and elects to eat cheese due to welfare concerns is missing the point."
Professor John Webster (8, 78)
In nature, cows are prey animals and as such evolved not to be very vocal because any noise can attract potential predators. The misconception that dairy cows do not suffer often stems from the fact that they do not display the signs of distress that we expect to see, such as bellowing, immobility or loss of appetite (8). Thus, even if they are suffering, they don't show it apart from a few physical reactions such as different posture or urinating. It's been shown that even in the most stressful place – abattoir – only about ten per cent of them vocalise; however they emit fear pheromones in their urine that signal danger to the other animals (42).
The high-yielding Holstein cow is a large animal who simply cannot consume enough food at pasture to sustain her enormous milk output as well as her other bodily functions, leaving her in a constant state of 'metabolic hunger' (7, 8). At pasture, her food intake is limited by the rate at which she can consume and digest grass. As grass is high in fibre, it fills up the rumen (stomach) quickly, causing the cow to feel 'full up' while at the same time still feeling hungry for nutrients (7, 8). Standing and eating for hours on end is also very tiring work and cows, who would naturally spend 12-14 hours a day lying down, face conflicting motivation to eat or rest (8, 51). Rye grass pastures, which are very high in nitrogen, can lead to increased urea in the cow's blood, making her feel sick and impairing her appetite (8).
The dairy cow's feelings can be summarised as "simultaneously hungry, tired, full up and feeling sick". Professor John Webster (8)
Due to their inability to meet the metabolic demands of lactation, it is normal for cows to 'milk off their backs' in early lactation (draw on body reserves), resulting in a 'coat rack' appearance with the bones of the hips and spine protruding (8, 37). Dairy farmers consider this to be a normal metabolic situation in high-yielding dairy cows and have come to accept 'bony' dairy cows as typical, when in fact they are malnourished (79).
Ketosis and Fatty Liver Syndrome
The abnormal demands on the cow's energy reserves often leads to ketosis and fatty liver syndrome (8). Ketosis occurs when the cow's body fat begins to break down in an effort to bridge the 'energy gap' during early lactation (80). Body fat is transported to the liver where it's broken down to metabolites which are then utilised by the body tissues (80). Excess mobilisation of fat can lead to a toxic level of ketones (by-products of fat breakdown) accumulating in the blood, milk and urine, causing a loss of appetite and drop in milk yield (80). Affected cows may also exhibit nervous signs, which include excessive salivation, licking of walls or gates, poor co-ordination and aggression (80).
There is a limit to the amount of fat the liver can break down and process and when this limit is reached, the surplus fat accumulates in the liver (79). This 'fatty liver syndrome' reduces the normal function of the liver and, because it is a vital organ, many normal body functions are upset. Milk production, mastitis and fertility are all adversely affected by fatty liver (79).
Milk Fever (Hypocalcaemia)
Milk fever is one of the most common metabolic disorders in dairy cattle, usually occurring just before, during or immediately after calving (81). It is caused by low blood calcium resulting from the high calcium demands of pregnancy and lactation. When the cow's blood calcium becomes too low to support normal nerve and muscle function, she collapses and is unable to stand until her blood calcium becomes normal again (82). Death can be rapid, with milk fever being the most common cause of sudden death in dairy cows (81). According to the National Animal Disease Information Service (NADIS), it can also cause calving problems and subsequent calf deaths (82).
Grass Staggers (Hypomagnesaemia)
Grass staggers (or grass tetany) occurs when the cow's intake of magnesium is lower than her output (83). It occurs most commonly in lactating cows at pasture as grass can be very low in magnesium, especially rye grass, while the output of magnesium in milk is high (83). Clinical signs can appear very rapidly as cows do not store magnesium and must rely on a daily intake. Initially, animals become nervous and excitable, and then begin to stagger and fall over (83). This can quickly progress to convulsions, coma and ultimately death. The short duration of clinical signs means that the mortality rate is high, as many animals are found dead before anyone notices they are ill (83).
High Protein Concentrates
While the obvious solution to the problem of hunger and mineral deficiency in 'high yield' dairy cows would be to stop breeding animals with such a high milk output, dairy farmers are increasingly feeding their cows on high protein feed concentrates instead (8). These concentrates, which are usually made from GM soya and maize, are higher in calories than grass and thus provide more energy (8). However, they are also high in amino acids which further accelerate milk production (8). The result of this is increased milk production in the short term but loss of body condition, infertility and greater susceptibility to illness later on simply because it's not natural for the cow's body to work that way (8). The high starch and protein content of feed concentrates also cause digestive problems which lead to a reduction in appetite, bloating and lameness induced by laminitis (7, 8, 40).
Lameness is a major reason for culling of dairy cows, according to the latest figures, accounting for about 10 per cent of culls (5). Experts on animal welfare agree that it causes considerable pain and distress to the cow and impacts on all aspects of her life (5).
The average number of lame cows in a herd is 17 per cent – although at some farms this number is as high as 49 per cent (5). The Farm Animal Welfare Council stated in their recent report: "There is no evidence that the incidence of lameness has improved over the past decade." (5)
Lameness is extremely painful, often compared to the pain humans would feel if walking directly on the lunula (quick) of their nails (41). But because many lame cows continue to milk satisfactorily, they are forced to struggle on despite their severe pain (8).
Approximately 80 per cent of cases of lameness are due to foot problems and the remainder to leg damage (84). Sole ulcers, white line disease, digital dermatitis and laminitis are the most common foot problems and are caused by a number of complex factors (8, 40, 84). The majority of leg lameness is due to physical damage from badly designed cubicles and to injury at calving (84).
Sole Lesions
Seventy-five per cent of sole ulcers and white line disease (cracks in the outer rim of the sole which allow dirt and bacteria to enter, causing abscesses) occur in the outer claw of the hind feet (8). This is directly linked to the presence of the huge udder which pushes the cow's hind legs apart and forces her to adopt an abnormal gait, putting extra pressure on the outer claws (37). Poor hoof quality, caused by nutritional deficiencies, can also predispose the sole to ulcers (39).
Both sole ulcers and white line disease cause chronic pain which gets worse with time (8). They are further aggravated by the long distances many cows must walk between pasture and milking parlour twice a day, and also by winter cubicle housing where many cows are forced to stand on concrete for extended periods of time (discussed further below) (8).
"Most farmers only elect to treat the most severe cases, for example where there has been complete penetration of the sole, inducing deep pain from standing on concrete and scalding pain through exposure of sensitive underlying tissue to acid slurry."
Professor John Webster (8)
Digital Dermatitis
Incidence of digital dermatitis, a painful bacterial infection of the foot, has increased in recent years due to a combination of factors (8) and is now a major cause of lameness (5). Many indoor cubicles were installed when the predominant dairy breed was the British Friesian, which commonly weighed around 550kg, but the increased popularity of the Holstein means that many cows now weigh in excess of 700kg and the cubicles are too small for them (41, 84). As a consequence, cows are often forced to stand with their hind feet in the slurry passage behind the cubicle (84). Slurry is highly acidic and softens the cow's feet, allowing bacteria to penetrate (84). In addition, most dairy farmers have switched from hay to silage as winter cattle feed (8). Whereas hay is composed of dry grass and other herbaceous plants, silage is wet, fermented grass which causes wet manure, contributing to hygiene problems when cows are housed indoors (8).
Roads, tracks and gateways which have rough, uneven surfaces can cause puncture wounds in the foot which are susceptible to infection (84). When allowed to walk at their own speed, cows are able to place their feet carefully to avoid obstacles or rough objects. When forced to hurry, they bunch together and cannot choose where to step and are more likely to sustain damage from sharp stones (84). In many dairy units the ageing concrete floors have become broken or cracked, causing abrasions and punctures of the sole which are also easily infected (39). Although digital dermatitis can be treated with antibiotics, once it's established in a herd it is very difficult to eradicate (8).
Laminitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the soft tissue (laminae) between the bone and the outer horny wall of the foot which "results in great pain to the animal" (85).
To understand the pain of laminitis Professor Webster suggests "… imagine crushing all your fingernails in the door then standing on your fingertips." (8)
The soft tissue of the foot is well endowed with nerves and blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients to support hoof growth, and is therefore very sensitive to toxins in the blood (39). Feed concentrates which are high in protein and starch cause toxins to be produced in the rumen which are absorbed into the blood stream and irritate the soft foot tissue, causing inflammation and damaging blood vessels, especially in the feet (39, 41). According to Defra, there's a significant link between high protein diets and lameness (39, 41). Wet silage, which is high in acid and ammonia, can also lead to toxins in the blood which cause laminitis (39).
Laminitis can also occur when cows are being moved too much or forced to walk longer distances, especially on hard surfaces. This can lead to them being over-exercised and it has been associated with the acute onset of laminitis (41). When a foot is affected by laminitis the blood flow is restricted, affecting hoof growth and resulting in softer soles which are more prone to disease, such as ulcers and white line disease, as well as punctures, leading to digital dermatitis (39).
Cubicle Housing and Lameness
The inadequately sized cubicles in which most dairy cows spend six months of the year contribute to the high incidence of lameness in several ways. The problem of cows having to stand with their hind legs in the slurry passage has been outlined above. The small size of the cubicles also makes it difficult for modern cows to lie down comfortably, reducing the amount of time that they spend lying down and increasing the pressure on their legs and feet (5, 8).
Some cows avoid the cubicles altogether and instead lie in the aisles or slurry passages where they become very dirty and increase their risk of hock abrasions, lameness and mastitis (discussed further below) (40). Some cows may be forced to spend long periods standing or lying down in the passages because there are not enough cubicles for all of the cows in the herd (8). Due to the social hierarchy of the herd, subordinate cows may also be reluctant to lie in cubicles next to dominant cows, opting to stand or lie in the passages instead (5, 8). To overcome this problem, the FAWC recommends that indoor housing units contain five per cent more cubicles than the number of cows (5).
Many cubicle units have concrete bases because they are easier to clean, but they are also hard and uncomfortable and may lead to swelling of the knees and hocks as well as pressure sores (41, 85). Under The Welfare of Livestock Regulations 1994, dairy farmers must provide indoor cows 'access at all times to a well-drained and bedded lying area' (41). In practice, however, the bedding provided is often little more than a thin layer of sawdust or straw which does not provide adequate cushioning to keep the cow comfortable or prevent contact sores (5). The use of mats or cow mattresses in cubicles helps provide cushioning but must still be covered in bedding such as sand, straw or shavings to prevent contact sores and keep the mat dry (41, 77).
Mastitis is a painful bacterial infection of the udder which affects around 30 per cent of British dairy cows at any one time, with one million cases of clinical mastitis occurring in the UK every year (5, 8, 40, 57). Between 40 and 65 cows out of 100 suffer from clinical mastitis every year with around a quarter of these being repeat cases (57). While clinical mastitis produces obvious symptoms such as swollen, hard udders and discoloured or clotted milk, mastitis can also occur in a subclinical form with no visible changes to the udder or milk, making the number of these cases impossible to calculate (5, 37).
Mastitis is the most common disease in dairy cows and is a major reason for premature culling. In 2011, 17 per cent of cows were culled because of mastitis (57). And the disease is far from declining – as experts on farm animal health warn: "The prevalence of subclinical mastitis is greater now than in 1997." (5)
Mastitis pathogens (microscopic organisms causing the infection), of which there are over 200, belong to one of two categories: contagious or environmental (77). Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli (E.coli) are by far the most common causes of mastitis and are both environmental pathogens, thriving in dirty, wet bedding and poorly ventilated buildings (40, 77). Both contagious and environmental pathogens can be transmitted from cow to cow via the milking machine (77). The failure in combating environmental mastitis is largely due to the increase in herd size and the very high milk yield of the modern dairy cow (77).
Larger herds make it difficult to properly monitor each cow and her milk, allowing infected animals to enter the milking chamber and pass the infection on via the milking machine (77). Larger herds also produce more manure which accumulates in housing units, creating an environment in which bacteria thrive (77). High-yielding dairy cows who are only milked twice a day may leak milk on to the cubicle bedding when their udder becomes full, producing a bacterial haven of faeces, bedding and milk (77). The abnormal accumulation of milk in the udder also strains the udder tissues and predisposes high-yielding cows to mastitis (7, 37). The combined weight of blood, udder tissue and stored milk can result in a total udder weight of 50-75kg (77). In beef cows, who have normal sized (small compared to dairy cows) udders, the incidence of mastitis is a fraction of that in dairy herds (37).
Poorly designed and maintained milking machines are also recognised as major contributors to udder infection (39, 77, 86). Despite the major role they play on a dairy farm, milk machine maintenance is often neglected (77). This can lead to physical damage of the teats, which are richly endowed with nerves and therefore highly sensitive, and allow infection to penetrate the udder (77). Faulty machines can also actively transport bacteria into the udder (39, 77).
Housing can also lead to teat damage – large cows in narrow cubicles may push their legs through into the adjacent cubicle and accidentally crush their neighbour's teats (77). Disruption to an established herd, either by the addition of new members or splitting it into smaller groups, can result in fighting which may also cause teat injuries (77). Severe teat injuries, such as total teat amputation, are surprisingly common in dairy herds (77).
Summer mastitis, an acute illness of dry (ie not lactating) dairy cows, is common in temperate countries such as Britain. It occurs in 35-60 per cent of UK herds annually, affecting over 20,000 animals (40, 77). The main means of transmission is the sheep head fly (Hydrotoea irritans) which feeds on cattle blood (77). Damaged teats predispose cows to infection (40). Summer mastitis causes extensive, painful damage to the udder which becomes swollen, hot and hard and produces a thick, foul smelling secretion. Severely affected cows become lame from the pain, with extreme cases leading to abortion and death (5, 77).
Mastitis is usually treated with antibiotics applied directly into the teats but the problem with this is that antibiotic resistant bacteria evolve very quickly.
When a cow is suffering from mastitis, her body produces large numbers of white blood cells which migrate to the udder to fight the infection (87). Many of these cells together with dead cells from the inner lining of the udder then pass out in her milk, and the greater the infection the higher the number of these 'somatic' cells in the milk (87). Dairy processors use somatic cell count to determine what price they pay farmers for their milk, imposing financial penalties for milk with high somatic cell counts (77, 87).
Latest figures show there is wide variation in somatic cell count with an average of between 100,000 and 250,000 cells/ml (5). These numbers have risen by 30 per cent since 1998 so it's evident this is a serious issue and the situation has worsened over the past decade (5).
Under EU regulations, milk with a somatic cell count as high as 400 million per litre may still be sold for human consumption (77, 87). Some farmers feed milk which exceeds this threshold to the calves (77).
Antibiotics are routinely used to treat mastitis and may be injected up the teat canal or administered orally (77). Intramammary (in the teat canal) injections, if performed carelessly, can cause teat canal damage which is extremely painful and increases susceptibility to infection. To reduce the amount of drug residue which enters the food chain, all antibiotics have a specified post-treatment milk withholding period stated on the product (77). Due to public health concerns, the EU imposes limits on the maximum permissible level of antibiotics in milk, which is currently set at 0.0067 mg/litre (88). Dairy processors use random sampling to test milk for residues, penalising those farmers whose milk fails to meet these restrictions (77).
To help reduce the amount of mastitis in dairy herds, most farmers practice 100 per cent dry cow therapy – as recommended by Defra (77, 86). This involves injecting a long-acting antibiotic into all four teats of all cows, whether infected or not, as soon as they enter their dry period (77, 86). Cows that suffer from repeated cases of mastitis or have persistently high somatic cell counts are routinely killed (86).
The arduous life that dairy cows endure causes such rapid physical degradation that an alarmingly high number of young animals are killed due to infertility (8, 40, 89). A killing rate of 25 per cent is normal for most dairy herds and poor fertility is the single biggest factor (31, 40, 90).
Although infertility in itself is not a welfare problem, it is an indicator of poor welfare resulting from physical exhaustion (8, 40, 89). Even the Milk Development Council acknowledged that "the drive towards increased milk yield has resulted, in part, to decreased fertility" (91).
To help combat the problem of infertility, the use of fertility drugs is now widespread on dairy farms in Britain (92, 93). Cows are given hormones to help increase conception rates, but also as a herd management tool to ensure that groups of calves are conceived and born around the same time (91, 92).
There is an obvious trend – fertility of dairy cattle is reducing as milk yields increase (89, 90). Stress could be one important cause and it's been shown that (89):
Fertility is lower after caesarian operations and when the clinical conditions of lameness, milk fever or mastitis worsen.
Changes in social hierarchy or groupings increase the number of inseminations required per pregnancy and so does transport.
Embryos collected from heat-stressed donor cows are less viable.
Human-animal interactions negatively influence stress in cows which can lead to lower fertility.
Stray electrical current
Stray electricity occurs when electricity is unable to make its way to the main earthing system and a natural path for it to travel back to earth in a milking parlour is the steelwork. Water, used in large volumes in the parlour and elsewhere (for washing surfaces but also drinking water for the cows), makes the problem even worse.
Electricity is used on farms to control the movement of cows, eg electronic gates in the milking parlour, electrified bars in front of self-feed silage or electrified cow trainers to make cows step backwards out of cubicles when they urinate or defecate (42).
Research shows cows are sensitive to just 0.5V (much more sensitive than people) and stray voltage results in cows receiving a tingle or a mild shock that disturbs their normal behaviour. And when a cow is nervous she won't let go of her milk so it stays in the udder until the next milking (94). By the time the milk is released, it has been in the udder for several hours and apart from causing significant discomfort to the cow, it can lead to or aggravate mastitis.
During a recent random testing of UK farms, none of the 23 tested was completely clear of stray voltage (94). The most common problem is electricity from an electric fence running through steel barriers in the milking parlour. If stray electricity is present in a water through, cows won't drink naturally, avoiding immersing their muzzle, but lap at the water instead (42).
Surplus dairy cows, calves and all beef/dairy calves (that can't be used for replenishing the herd), are routinely sold at livestock markets. And when a farmer decides to sell his or her dairy farm, the herd of milking cows will be sold off, usually at a market.
Even if the farmer decides to go to the nearest market for dairy cattle, it can mean travelling across several counties (95). However, farmers do not necessarily take their animals to the nearest livestock market; they take them where dairy cows are most in demand to get a better price which means many hours of travelling and stress for the animals.
On top of these long journeys, many cows sent to market must also endure the uncomfortable pressure of overly full udders.
It is common practice to send dairy cows to market or to agricultural shows with overstocked udders and freshly calved cows especially are in high demand (40, 96). This means that the cow is not milked on the morning of the sale or show so that her udder looks full, making the cow "more attractive to prospective buyers or judges" (40).
Despite this being against welfare advice and farmers are being warned against this practice, cows continue to be sent to markets with overstocked udders (97).
The Welfare of Animals at Markets Order 1990 prohibits an animal being exposed for sale in a market if she is likely to give birth while she is there, as well as The Welfare of Animals (Transport) Order 1997 which states that animals likely to give birth must not be transported (97). Despite these laws, and the well-established fact that the stress of transport and the market itself may induce labour or abortion, the FAWC highlight the continuing problem of pregnant animals being brought to market in their report (97).
‹ Calves – Unwanted By-products
Intensification and Zero-grazing ›


text:
Rang Muhallah (also spelled: Rang Mohallah)(Pashto: رنګ محله)is an administrative unit, known as Union council or Wards in Tehsil Babuzai, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

According to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013. District Swat has 67 Wards, of which total amount of Village Councils is 170, and Neighbourhood Councils is 44.

Rang Muhallah is Territorial  Ward, which is further divided in four Neighbourhood Councils:
 Rang Muhallah i (Neighbourhood Council)
 Rang Muhallah ii (Neighbourhood Council)
 Gumbat Maira i (Neighbourhood Council)
 Gumbat Maira ii (Neighbourhood Council)

See also
 Babuzai
 Swat District

References

External links
Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Government website section on Lower Dir
United Nations
Hajjinfo.org Uploads
 PBS paiman.jsi.com

Swat District
Populated places in Swat District
Union councils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Union Councils of Swat District

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Assignment Submission Guideline: Please submit your softcopy on Blackboard via the assignment submission link.


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This guide provides a listing of Christian churches and cathedrals and other places of Christian worship in Cecil County Maryland. The guide serves as a starting point of information for residents, visitors, and those considering moving to the area. You may want to attend services at several different churches to find the right church leadership, congregation, ministries, observances and other aspects of church life that appeal to you.
Find Christian resources in Cecil by city which include Elkton Churches, Perryville Churches, North East Churches, Rising Sun Churches, Chesapeake City Churches, Port Deposit Churches. To browse through churches by all cities in Cecil County, see the list in the left column.


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The self-proclaimed king of thieves and an ally to Xena and Gabrielle.
Character Name Autolycus
First Appearance Xena: Warrior Princess - The Talisman of Fate
Autolycus is a supporting character in the Xena: Warrior Princess franchise, first appearing in the episode "The Royal Couple of Thieves". However, the character originated in Hercules: The Legendary Journeys, first appearing in "The King of Thieves". He is portrayed by actor Bruce Campbell.
The self-proclaimed "King of Thieves", Autolycus is a ne'er-do-well with a heart of gold. He became good friends with Hercules, and later Xena and Gabrielle. At one point, his body was taken over by Xena in an effort to get her body back to life after being killed by the Romans.
Xena: Warrior Princess - Talisman of Fate
Autolycus is one of ten playable characters in this fighting game by Titus Interactive.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Die Liste der Monuments historiques in Lamballe-Armor führt die Monuments historiques in der französischen Gemeinde Lamballe-Armor auf.

Liste der Bauwerke

Lamballe

|}

Meslin

|}

Morieux

|}

Planguenoual

|}

Liste der Objekte

 Monuments historiques (Objekte) in Lamballe in der Base Palissy des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Objekte) in Meslin in der Base Palissy des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Objekte) in Morieux in der Base Palissy des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Objekte) in Planguenoual in der Base Palissy des französischen Kultusministeriums

Literatur
 Le Patrimoine des Communes des Côtes-d'Armor. Flohic Editions, Band 1, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-017-5, S. 464–482 (Lamballe), S. 488–491 (Meslin), S. 491–492 (Morieux) und S. 891–892 (Planguenoual).

Weblinks

 Monuments historiques (Bauwerke) in Lamballe in der Base Mérimée des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Bauwerke) in Meslin in der Base Mérimée des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Bauwerke) in Morieux in der Base Mérimée des französischen Kultusministeriums
 Monuments historiques (Bauwerke) in Planguenoual in der Base Mérimée des französischen Kultusministeriums

LamballeArmor


text:
We Love… 2010: 'Easy A'
Illustration by Adeline Pericart
We start 2010 by looking back at a few of our favourite films of 2010. Throughout January we'll be adding to the list. As always, feel free to add your own favourites. If you'd like to include your own review, contact steven@filmbase.ie
When it came to picking my best film of the year I was surprised by just how few really stood out as memorable. There has been plenty which I enjoyed but when I tried to think of films which would live on in the memory come the new year that list quickly became a shadow of its former self. The standout had to be a certain film within a film but I've already drooled over that in my review so that leaves me space to muse over my 'wow I didn't see that film of my own free will but golly I enjoyed it a whole heck of a bunch' award winner: Easy A.
Easy A is loosely based on Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, which our charming teen heroine is studying in school. After some unsavoury rumours spread through her school Olive (Emma Stone) finds herself labelled an adulteress, but unlike Hawthorne's Hester Prynne she enjoys the initial attention and wears her scarlet 'A' atop her breast with pride. More akin to Hester's dilemma, despite Easy A's mature script and stellar cast is unfairly labelled with the much maligned 'teen movie' tag. While that's fine at first and garners a particular audience for the film upon release, this tag can damage a film's long-term potential and isolate it from a much wider audience, which Easy A deserves.
Once in a while films do manage to overcome the teen genre to find a wider audience. This is usually as a result of said audience eating too much food and not possessing the energy to change channel during the opening minutes, perhaps supported by a stubborn (but in this case sensible) teenager, and subsequently being glad they didn't. 10 Things I Hate About You and Mean Girls spring to mind as previously outstanding examples of the genre. These films excel for the same reason that Pixar animation excels – because the writers make them for themselves instead of aiming them at a target audience which they assume is dumber than they are.
I find that the most reliable means to separate the sublime from the ridiculous teen movies is how well the adult roles are written. In Easy A some of the most inspired dialogue is gifted to Olive's parents (take a bow, Stanley Tucci) and teacher, Thomas Haden Church. That's not to say that they're favoured by the material, wit is littered all around town much like Olive's reputation.
In a year when the most elaborate ideas of fantasy and escapism were to be found in Leinster House instead of your local picture house, Easy A stands out as the year's most pleasant surprise. An A for ambition in a class of underachievers.
September 24, 2013 We Love… Superheroes – The Hulk
January 14, 2011 We Love… 2010: 'The Town'.
January 13, 2011 We Love… 2010: 'Inception'
January 10, 2011 We Love…. 2010: 'True Legend'
January 7, 2011 We Love… 2010: 'Toy Story 3'
January 3, 2011 We Love… 2010: 'Shutter Island'
January 3, 2011 … 2010
January 19, 2011 We Love… 2010: 'The Social Network'.
December 1, 2010 We Love… Christmas: 'Gremlins'
February 14, 2011 We Love… St Valentine: 'Jerry Maguire'
CategoriesReviews Tags2010, Easy A, Peter White, We Love...
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Trump uses slur to describe immigrants from Haiti, Africa
12 January 2018, 6:41 AM |
AFP | @SABCNews
US President Donald Trump made derogatory comments about people from Africa and other countries earlier this week.
President Donald Trump reportedly lashed out in a Thursday meeting with lawmakers about immigration reform, demanding to know why the US should accept citizens from what he called "s***hole" countries.
The comments, first reported by The Washington Post, sparked anger among Democrats, and revived questions about Trump's tendency to make racially charged remarks.
Trump sat down with senators and congressmen at the White House to discuss a proposed bipartisan deal that would limit immigrants from bringing family members into the country and restrict the green card visa lottery in exchange for shielding hundreds of thousands of young immigrants from deportation.
"Why are we having all these people from s***hole countries come here?" Trump said, according to people briefed on the meeting who spoke with The Washington Post.
The New York Times later reported the same comment, citing unnamed people with direct knowledge of the meeting.
The president was referring to African countries and Haiti, and then suggested the United States should welcome immigrants from places like Norway, whose prime minister met with Trump on Wednesday.
"Why do we need more Haitians?" he added, according to the Post account. "Take them out."
Republican Senator Lindsey Graham and Democratic Senator Dick Durbin came to the White House to outline their bipartisan compromise, but found themselves in the room with several Republican immigration hardliners.
Graham and Durbin are leading efforts to codify protections for so-called "dreamers," immigrants who came to the United States illegally as children.
In exchange, the deal would end extended family "chain migration."
It also reportedly would cut the visa lottery program by half and prioritize certain countries in the system, instead of scrapping it altogether as several Republicans have suggested as part of an agreement.
The president and lawmakers are in the midst of intense negotiations about how to shield nearly 800,000 "dreamers" from deportation.
Last year, Trump scrapped the Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program that protected the immigrants, and set a deadline of March 5 for Congress to legislate a fix.
The White House did not deny the account of Trump's use of language, but instead suggested the president was "fighting for permanent solutions" that strengthen the nation, in part through the use of a merit-based immigration system.
"Certain Washington politicians choose to fight for foreign countries, but President Trump will always fight for the American people," White House spokesman Raj Shah said in a statement.
"He will always reject temporary, weak and dangerous stopgap measures that threaten the lives of hardworking Americans, and undercut immigrants who seek a better life in the United States through a legal pathway."
In the past year, Trump has raised eyebrows with his stance on sensitive race issues in America.
He has denounced NFL players who kneel during the national anthem in protest at police brutality against African Americans, and made questionable comments about a white supremacist rally in Virginia that turned violent.
The New York Times recently reported that Trump had said in a separate June meeting on immigration that Haitians "all have AIDS," citing a person who attended the meeting. The White House denied those comments.
Democrats seized on Trump's slur against Haitians and Africans to suggest he is anti-immigrant.
"We always knew that President Trump doesn't like people from certain countries or people or certain colors," congressman Luis Gutierrez said.
"We can now we say with 100% confidence that the president is a racist who does not share the values enshrined in our Constitution."
Congresswoman Jan Schakowsky chimed in: "Just when you thought Donald Trump could not get any more racist, he digs down to an even deeper low."
Some Republicans were also unhappy.
Mia Love, a congresswoman from Utah who is of Haitian descent, called Trump's reported comments "unkind" and "divisive," and demanded an apology.
"This behavior is unacceptable from the leader of our nation," Love said in a statement.
Tags: Donald TrumpHaitiAmerica
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Paris Shuttle>PARIS CDG CAR SERVICE>Shuttle transport to visit town of Ahuy in Normandy
PARIS CDG CAR SERVICE 1 December 2021 13 December 2021
Shuttle transport to visit town of Ahuy in Normandy
History of the town of Ahuy in Normandy
Tourism and visits in Ahuy
Transfer from the Paris airports to town of Ahuy in Normandy
Ahuy is a village located in the French department of Côte-d'Or and the Haute-Normandie region. This small village is home to the church of Saint-Agnan which retains much of the history of this destination. This organized resistance Orleans when Attila laid siege to. A fragment of the relics of St. Agnan dating from the sixth century is the origin of a pilgrimage that takes place every year on June 14 in the village. The oldest part of the church dates back to the twelfth century. This building has a beautiful baptismal font and several statues including Saint-Agnan and Saint Bernards are both classified historical furniture.
Tourists can explore the village of Hauteville Ahuy the tray and Ahuy. It is situated on two towns: the town Hauteville Ahuy. Site diverse natural culture and orchards, tea is classified natural areas of ecological interest, flora and fauna. In addition, tourists can observe in the village of the former priory Ahuy and the lime kiln that is on the trail of Combes. Tourists can discover the remains of a lime kiln abandoned since the nineteenth century. Moreover, tourists can also see the aqueduct. Building Roman aqueduct Ahuy part of Combes and down the alley to the Beau to feed well. He continued his way to finally appear in a cave where springs of pure water that never runs dry.
A transfer service is at your disposal during your trip to the village of Ahuy. Therefore, you have to choose between three categories of vehicles including private cars, luxury cars and VIP shuttle collective.
The village of Ahuy is 5 km from Dijon and 260 km from Paris. It is located 306 km from Orly airport, 406 km from Paris Beauvais airport and 339 km from the airport of Charles de Gaulle.
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Shuttle transfer from Paris airports to Abondant


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Home » Health News » Watch Dr. Pimple Popper Meet a Cyst Her Tools Can't Handle
Watch Dr. Pimple Popper Meet a Cyst Her Tools Can't Handle
While it may seem obvious that you're never supposed to squeeze a cyst with your fingers, there are clearly some exceptions to the rule. At least, there are if you also happen to be a trained dermatologist.
In her newest Instagram video, dermatologist Dr. Sandra Lee, MD—aka, Dr. Pimple Popper—finally meets a cyst so big that her usual comedone extractor tool can't handle it. Given no other choice, she gets down and dirty: "I'm just going to have to squeeze it," she says.
When the #cyst is too big for the extractor, you just gotta #squeeze it! ????? #bigone #drpimplepopper
A post shared by Sandra Lee, MD, FAAD, FAACS (@drpimplepopper) on Apr 16, 2019 at 11:51am PDT
When the #cyst is too big for the extractor, you just gotta #squeeze it! 👉🏼💥👈🏼 #bigone #drpimplepopper
If that sounds like music to your ears, then you certainly won't be disappointed by the discharge that oozes forth from behind the patient's ear. "It's like a millium that became a cyst," she says. "It's a little cyst, that's for sure. Just more superficial, and it got a little bigger."
Millium—also called milia—for those who haven't been keeping up with this series, are "small, bump-like cysts found under the skin," according to Medical News Today. And we say small, we mean small: Typically they're around 1 to 2 millimeters wide, and more commonly appear in clusters near the cheeks and eyelids.
Since this appears to be a recurring problem for her patient, Dr. Lee alludes to a more invasive solution. "It's because you have to take out this little sac that it's contained in," she says.
Thankfully, most people don't reach that point while sitting in the chair of a doctor's office. As dermatologist Dr. Anjali Mahto told Elle, you can usually prevent these types of breakouts by taking steps such as exfoliating regularly and incorporating retinol-based products into your evening skincare regimen.
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What can you tell job seekers about CNN's Company Social Events?"
Glassdoor is your resource for information about the Company Social Events benefits at CNN. Learn about CNN Company Social Events, including a description from the employer, and comments and ratings provided anonymously by current and former CNN employees.


This weeks photos were taken from our trip to BeWILDerwood on Saturday, we had the best day out and the weather was absolutely perfect for it, the kids absolutely loved it and I think these photos were my favourites from the day as they are not posed, just the children taking in all the magic and excitement from the day.
My big girl absolutely loved the boat ride, as we was going along we was told a story and as you can see she was totally mesmerised by the whole thing.
My wild boy was in his element, he is at his best when outdoors and being able to run free. He loved climbing around and being up high in the trees, here he is as he spotted one of the Twiggles houses up in the trees.
Lastly my baby boy, well what can I say he was pretty much dragged along for the ride, but he loved having a good look round and a day in the fresh air was just what he needed. He was such a good boy apart from screaming on the boat ride as I was trying to juggle taking photos, stopping the wild boy from jumping over the edge all whilst making up his feed as it had been a whole 3 minutes past his 2 hour deadline so basically he was letting the whole park know he was starved... poor boy haha!


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Q: PHP - Append new JSON object to nested array within JSON object Setup
I have retrieved a JSON string from a URL using 'file_get_contents' and have subsequently decoded it using `json_decode'
$search_URL="http://abcdefg.com"
$json = file_get_contents($search_URL);
$obj = json_decode($json, true);

The JSON represents an Apache Solr search response:
{
  "responseHeader":{
    "status":0,
    "QTime":3,
    "params":{
      "q":"zzzzzzz",
      "wt":"json"
    }
  },
  "response":{
    "numFound":20690,
    "start":0,
    "docs":[
      {
        "title":"yyyyy-y-y-yyyyy-yy-y",
        "author":"author 1, author 2, author 3",
        "url":"https://yyyyy.com",
        "id":yyyy,
        "_version_":yyyyy
      },
      {
        "title":"xxxx-x-x-xxxx-xxxx",
        "author":"author 1, author 2",
        "url":"https://xxxxx.com",
        "id":xxxxx,
        "_version_":xxxxxx
      },
  ]
}
}

I basically need to grab each author field in the docs[] array, split it by commas to get a new array
$author_array = explode(", ", $author);

I then need to call another web service with these author names that will return JSON. I would love to simply plug this JSON in to my existing JSON and send it all back
Question
I need to modify my JSON so that each doc contains this new JSON object. How can I do this?
{
  "title":"xxxx-x-x-xxxx-xxxx",
  "author":"author 1, author 2",
  "url":"https://xxxxx.com",
  "id":xxxxx,
  "_version_":xxxxxx,
  "authors":[
    {
      "name": "author1",
      "id": "143"
    },
    {
      "name": "author2",
      "id": "72"
    }
  ]
}

My Attempt
I have tried a simpler version of this where I simply have an array of author names
{
  "title":"xxxx-x-x-xxxx-xxxx",
  "author":"author 1, author 2",
  "url":"https://xxxxx.com",
  "id":xxxxx,
  "_version_":xxxxxx,
  "authors":[
    "author1",
    "author2"
  ]
}

I tried the following:
$response = $obj['response'];
$docs = $response['docs'];
foreach($docs as &$doc) {
    $author = $doc['author'];
    $authors_array = explode(" ,", $author);
    $doc['authors'] = $authors_array;
}

This has ultimately failed as the new array is not appended.

A: Explode the author string, call the API on each element, make an array of all these results, and put it back into the object.
I use a reference below in foreach so it can modify the document element directly.
foreach ($obj['response']['docs'] AS &$doc) {
    $author_names = explode(',', $doc['author']);
    $author_array = array_map('author_api', $author_names);
    $doc['authors'] = $author_array;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
SOUTHERN-UTAH
Where Demario Warren gets his motivation and why he doesn't plan on leaving
Ryan Miller
Moments following Southern Utah's loss to Weber State in the FCS playoffs last December, a solemn Demario Warren personally apologized to members of the SUU athletic administration staff. And if he could have, the SUU head coach probably would have asked for forgiveness from each SUU fan who was part of the sellout crowd that night.
Warren never wants to let anyone down. And on that night, he felt like he did. It didn't matter that SUU had played a December football game for the first time in history, and neither did anything else the 2017 Thunderbirds had accomplished. He felt the disappointment of a team, a school and a city.
"I want to do the best job I can to help others be successful," Warren said. "I think with trying to support a family and with trying to help these players become great men off the field, I try to do everything I can do to help them be better and make sure we are comfortable as a family. That's what keeps me going and keep me motivated every day."
A new season begins for Warren on Saturday when his T-Birds host North Alabama (6 p.m., Eccles Coliseum). It'll be his 11th season as a member of the SUU coaching staff and third as a head coach. It's a place he's learned how to coach, learned how to lead, and a place he doesn't want to leave any time soon.
Learning to coach
It was a simple question, but anything but a simple answer.
When Warren was asked where his defenders' eyes should be looking during a play, he began a monologue that summarized a lot of what he had learned over the last decade.
"In every play it's different, every call it's different," Warren said. "If you are a defensive end, it might be on the tackle, it could be on the running back. Where's the back at? Is he to you? Away from you? Cuz that'll dictate your first step. That's a huge part. As a linebacker are you keying the center? Are you keying the tackle? Are you keying the running back? When you are blitzing, who are you focused on? And who are you going to beat? As a corner, is he going to take inside leverage? Outside leverage? Are your eyes on his hip? Or are your eyes on his feet? There are a lot of different things you are looking at."
Warren, a former collegiate running back at UC Davis, expertly breaking down the defensive assignments at each level. That knowledge can be traced back to long nights in 2008 when he got his first collegiate coaching job at the program he is now leading.
Like most recent graduates, Warren wasn't too picky about his first job. So after he was asked to switch to defense after initially being hired as the SUU running backs coach, Warren didn't he blink.
"I had a kid, so I didn't care what they said I would be coaching," Warren said. "Special teams, I'd have been the water boy. If they were going to give me benefits, it was a good deal for me."
He was upfront with former SUU coach Ed Lamb. He admitted he didn't know what he was doing, but that he was going to do everything he could to prove that Lamb didn't make a mistake by giving him a chance.
He studied with Lamb, with SUU defensive line coach Ryan Hunt, with current Utah linebackers coach Justin Ena and all by himself in order to learn the defense, the terminology, and figure out how to coach.
"They were counting on me like I knew what I was doing, so I knew I had to put long hours in," Warren said.
And those paid off. Warren went from coaching the cornerbacks to overseeing the entire secondary and then becoming the defensive coordinator. And, finally, taking over as head coach.
The Davis tree
UC Davis is well known for producing coaching standouts mostly due to the far-reaching coaching tree of longtime coach Jim Sochor. Branches of the tree include Washington's Chris Peterson, Mike Bellotti, who elevated Oregon to a national power, and Warren's own head coach at Davis, Bob Biggs. And it was while eyeing Biggs and his staff that Warren developed a unique mindset for who a coach is.
Biggs was also a collegiate teacher, so Warren assumed all head coaches were. So to prepare for a future life as a head coach, Warren got an MBA while he was a young assistant at SUU. That's when Lamb informed him most coaches don't double as teachers.
What would he have taught? "I don't know -- something," Warren laughed.
That wasn't the only unique thing he took from Biggs or from UC Davis. Biggs started at Davis as an assistant in 1978 and then stayed there till 2012. Many of Biggs' assistants were the same way with coaches like Mike Moroski and Lou Bronzan staying at the university for decades. Sochor himself stayed at Davis for over 20 years.
Seeing that type of longevity stuck with him. When he got into coaching, he was told he would move around a lot, but that wasn't the case for the people he played under — so why would it have to be for him?
Warren's wife, Amanda, woke up one night and told her husband that she didn't want to leave. It was a confusing time for Warren and the rest of the SUU staff. Lamb had just left for a job at BYU, leaving their coaching jobs in peril. Warren was up for the head job, but it was anything but a sure thing.
"She said, 'I want to be here, I don't want to be anywhere else,'" Warren remembered.
"That was when I realized we need to stay here," Warren said. "It's good for my family. It's a good situation for us. Once I knew how passionate she was about the place and wanted to be here for the long term, we were praying for the opportunity to do so."
And like his Davis coaches, he can see himself staying at SUU for the next couple of decades. It's the only place he's ever coached. And if that ends up being the case at the end of his career, he'd be fine with that.
"If I was here for the next 20 years and retired, I wouldn't have any regrets," Warren said. "I don't know what the future holds, but I know I'm happy here and going to enjoy it till it runs out."
Learning who he really is
There was a worse loss than the one last December. But it was to the same opponent. In 2016, Weber scored 23 unanswered points in the fourth quarter to come back and shock the T-Birds, 37-36. It was Warren's first season as a head coach. And he was struggling to get over it.
Eric Leavitt, the chair of SUU's board of trustees and Warren's close friend, offered the young head coach some advice: Use it as a chance to see who you really are. The loss taught Warren how to handle failure and how to improve from it.
"It was the worst loss, but it was one of the best things to happen to me," Warren said. "I think people assume when people get into positions, they made it because they didn't have doubts, they don't have any flaws — that's not true at all. The more I learn about and the more I meet people that are successful, it's tough, It's a grind for everybody."
Warren picked himself back up. And picked his team up with him. Since that loss, SUU is 12-2 against FCS teams.
"That's what helps people grow," offensive coordinator Justin Walterscheid said. "If everything was easy, everything was perfect, you are never going to change."
Since that night, Warren and SUU have changed for the better. But they still have their sights higher.
The playoff loss to Weber State was tough to swallow, but so was the chance to go on competing.
"Our main goal is to win a national championship," Warren said. "It wasn't just losing to Weber, it was right there. We were four games away. We could taste it. That was the worst part of losing."
He's hoping to taste it again. And this time, not have to apologize.


The MGA Nominations and Appointments (N&A) Committee helps to identify nominees to stand for election to certain MGA organizational units. The Committee will also review the qualifications of those nominated for, or appointed to, membership of certain MGA Committees.
The IEEE Member and Geographic Activities (MGA) Nominations and Appointments (N&A) Committee is seeking candidates to serve as MGA volunteers in 2020. Each IEEE Region is encouraged to submit nominations to help ensure that MGA is globally balanced. Self-nominations are encouraged.
The deadline to submit nominations for Leadership positions has been extended to 9 April!
The deadline to submit nominations for committee member positions is 1 August 2019.
In accordance with IEEE objectives, the MGA Board has established an equitable Nominations and Appointments process. The process has been developed to choose a slate of the best-qualified persons for the various positions throughout the MGA organization. It was also developed to involve a wide range of members in the selection process. It is essential that all candidates nominated for office are highly qualified, and it is therefore essential that all members show great diligence and exercise judgment in making nominations.
In accordance with the IEEE globalization initiative and in an attempt to ensure that MGA is globally balanced, each Region will be requested to submit nominations. The Region Nominating Committee might consider members or past members of the Committee who are familiar with Region affairs and gave excellent service.
Members may petition to be on the slate of MGA Board candidates in accordance with Section 6.5.C of the MGA Operations Manual: "Candidates, in addition to those on the MGA Nominations and Appointments Committee slate, can be nominated no later than ten days prior to the MGA Assembly meeting, if the signatures of five MGA Assembly members accompany the nomination. Biographies and position statements for such candidates should accompany the respective nominations. Nominations may be submitted by email, fax, or written document to a designee specified by the MGA Assembly Chair who will promptly inform the MGA Assembly of nominees qualifying under this provision."
The MGA N&A Committee helps to identify nominees to stand for election to certain MGA organizational units. The Committee will also review the qualifications of those nominated for, or appointed to, membership of certain MGA Committees.


If I could, I would swim in sundried tomatoes in olive oil. That is how much I love them. Although we usually buy the ones in olive oil, there are times when I buy dry ones and make this recipe (changing the spices depending on the time of the year). It is also a recipe you can make when you have no idea what to do with the chewy and dry tomatoes that just sit there in the cupboard.
Heat the water with vinegar and tomatoes until it starts to boil. Lower the heat so that it just simmers, and simmer for 10 minutes until they are plump, but still have some chew. Remove the pot from heat and let sit for another 10 minutes.
Drain them by spreading on several layers of paper towels. Leave for 5 minutes and then pat completely dry with another paper towel. It is important to remove as much excess water as possible to avoid premature spoilage.
Transfer the tomatoes to a glass jar, add the rest of the ingredients, except the oil, making layers or a creative mess. Press them down a bit and fill the jar with vinegar and oil. Make sure that the tomatoes are completely covered. Close the jars, and put them in the fridge for at least 2 days but 7 is better.
Store in the refrigerator for up to about 3 months.


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Graduation hits the right note for Christchurch music veteran
AcademicsUniversity News
By India Education Diary Bureau Admin On Dec 12, 2020
John Emeleus has dedicated decades of his life to teaching, composing, and conducting and next Friday he will notch up another career highlight.
He'll receive a Doctor of Music (MusD) at the Christchurch Town Hall to add to his Master of Music degree (with Distinction) gained from UC in 1993. The MusD is recognition of a body of work built up over time by an experienced musician with a long-standing connection to the university.
Mr Emeleus' wife Janet and some friends will be at the ceremony to cheer him on and he is quietly proud of the achievement. "It's very nice to have it. For me it felt like unfinished business after completing a Master's, and I decided now was the time to do it.
"I've had to work hard for this one; I had to submit about 10 original compositions and a CV to three external examiners, one of whom is overseas."
During his long career he has composed work that has been published and performed here and in Australia, Britain and the United States.
"Music is a great gift, so if you can share it with other people then why not? I try to write music that people will hopefully enjoy playing and listening to as well. But I certainly wouldn't have reached this point if I hadn't had the support of my wife Janet and others, including my friend Roger Buckton."
He is still composing new work and is actively involved in the local music community as patron of the Christchurch School of Music, the Canterbury Philharmonia, Risingholme Orchestra, and the Shirley District Music Scheme. He has regularly played the organ during services at St Paul's Church in Papanui for the past 40 years.
Mr Emeleus also keeps himself fit with regular biking and walking.
"A lot of people do things in their 80s, I've just kept going with my music," he says. "When you get older you're bound to come up against hurdles that you wish you didn't have to. But if you can still do things then I think, for goodness sake, get on and do it. Otherwise you'll just mope around."
He believes music should be available to everyone and he conducts a choir at the Margaret Stoddart Retirement Village in Riccarton where he and his wife have lived for the last five years.
"Even in their 80s their voices are still very good," he says. "Anybody is welcome to come along; half of them come in their wheelchairs."
Before retirement, Mr Emeleus was a conductor for the New Zealand Secondary Schools Symphony Orchestra and the Christchurch Youth Orchestra, among many others, and he enjoys composing for amateur and school orchestras as well as for more advanced musicians. "I get a lot of satisfaction from seeing young performers growing and engaging with music and the pleasure that they get from playing."
Born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in 1938, Mr Emeleus studied composition, piano and viola at the Royal Academy of Music, London before moving to New Zealand in 1963.
He taught in primary and secondary schools, was a District Adviser Music in Southland in the 1960s, a Senior Lecturer at Palmerston North Teachers College in the 1970s, and in 1980 he became a Teaching Fellow at the University of Canterbury. He was also a Senior Lecturer and Head of Music at the Christchurch College of Education for almost 20 years until 1998.
UC Head of Music Associate Professor Glenda Keam says, "John is a treasured member of the music community.
"He has contributed much to the city and to UC through his teaching, his work with young performers and young minds, and through his music."
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The Queen starts her 90th birthday celebrations
We can think of more exciting ways to kick off a party week. But the Queen's always put duty first.
The Queen's 90th birthday is on Thursday, April 21 but today was the first official engagement of her birthday week.
Today Britain's longest-serving monarch met Britain's longest-serving postman, Bob Hartley (53 years and five months), as she shared the start of her 90th birthday celebrations with the Royal Mail's 500th anniversary.
The Queen has clocked up over 63 years as the Queen, overtaking her great-great grandmother Queen Victoria's lengthy reign in September 2015.
The Queen, dressed in a cerise suit and matching hat, visited the main postal sorting office in Windsor with the Duke of Edinburgh, 94.
On her actual birthday on Thursday, the Queen will go on a walkabout in Windsor town centre, meeting expected crowds.
The Queen - with Prince Philip, Prince Charles and the Duchess of Cornwall at her side - will later light the first in a chain of more than 1,000 beacons across Britain and the world.
Heir to the throne, Prince Charles, 67, will host a lavish private family dinner for the royal matriarch in the evening in the castle.
In June, thousands of well-wishers will gather for celebrations planned to mark the Queen's official birthday.
A series of events will be staged, from a St Paul's Cathedral service of thanksgiving to the traditional Trooping the Colour ceremony, and a sit-down celebration for 10,000 people on The Mall called the Patron's Lunch.
Earlier today Prince William responded to criticism that he was workshy, saying in a BBC interview that he was willing to take more responsibility when the time comes. He paid tribute to his great grandmother, The Queen, saying she had been 'a guiding example'.
More on prima.co.uk: Why does the Queen have two birthdays?
90 years in one minute - take a look
What a great granny! The Queen and her five great-grandchildren pose for birthday photos
Queen Elizabeth II in pictures
The Queen's royal wardrobe goes on display to celebrate her 90th birthday
Wish the Queen a Happy Birthday!
The Queen reveals a new portrait to mark her 90th birthday
The Queen and Winnie the Pooh celebrate their 90th birthdays


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THE DRESSER - Starring Julian Clary & Matthew Kelly
Posted: Thursday 20th January 2022
Ronald Harwood's highly acclaimed drama The Dresser starring the much loved UK entertainer Julian Clary as Norman and Olivier Award winner Matthew Kelly as 'Sir'. Directed by Olivier Award-winning Terry Johnson, The Dresser is coming to the Alhambra Theatre, Bradford next month.
The Puccini Masterpiece TOSCA - Featuring two Royal Greyhounds - Coming to the Alhambra Theatre
Posted: Wednesday 19th January 2022
The Puccini Masterpiece
Featuring two Royal Greyhounds!
"BY ORDER OF THE PEAKY BLINDERS" TICKETS ARE ON SALE FOR THE WORLD PREMIERE OF RAMBERT DANCE IN PEAKY BLINDERS: THE REDEMPTION OF THOMAS SHELBY
Posted: Tuesday 18th January 2022
CREATED BY STEVEN KNIGHT. DIRECTOR/CHOREOGRAPHER BENOIT SWAN POUFFER. A Rambert Production in association with Birmingham Hippodrome. Co-produced with The Lowry. Inspired by the television series Peaky Blinders created by Steven Knight, in association with Caryn Mandabach Productions.
MULTI-AWARD WINNING COMEDY MUSICAL DUO FLO & JOAN EMBARK ON SIXTY DATE UK TOUR FOR 2022
Posted: Friday 14th January 2022
Following hit performances on shows including Live at the Apollo, Royal Variety Performance, The Russell Howard Hour and their own Amazon Prime one-hour comedy special, Flo & Joan are back with a brand new show for their biggest ever UK national tour, Sweet Release coming to King's Hall, Ilkley, in February.
Fun facts - what it takes to bring panto magically to life at the Alhambra Theatre!
Posted: Thursday 6th January 2022
Yorkshire's biggest family pantomime, SLEEPING BEAUTY, opened in December 2021 to standing ovations and glowing reviews, and will run until Sunday 16 January at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford.
LOCAL DANCERS SPARKLE IN BRADFORD PANTOMIME, SLEEPING BEAUTY
Posted: Wednesday 29th December 2021
Yorkshire's biggest family pantomime, SLEEPING BEAUTY, opened earlier this month to tremendous audience reaction and standing ovations; and will run for the next 3 weeks at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford.
Alhambra Theatre in Bradford to stage Relaxed Performance for Sleeping Beauty panto
Posted: Tuesday 21st December 2021
Yorkshire's biggest pantomime, SLEEPING BEAUTY, has now opened to tremendous audience reaction and standing ovations at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford. The run will include the venue's fifth Relaxed Performance, which will be staged on Tuesday 11 January 2022 at 6pm.
WAKEY WAKEY! SLEEPING BEAUTY PANTO OPENS TO PACKED HOUSES AT ALHAMBRA THEATRE, BRADFORD!
Yorkshire's biggest family pantomime, SLEEPING BEAUTY, opened last Saturday to packed houses and will run for the next 4 weeks at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford.
Bizet CARMEN
Posted: Monday 13th December 2021
The award-winning producer Ellen Kent returns in Spring 2022 with the International Opera Festival tour coming to the Alhambra Theatre, Bradford.
WAKEY WAKEY! SLEEPING BEAUTY - THE PANTOMIME OF YOUR DREAMS - OPENS NEXT WEEK!
Posted: Friday 3rd December 2021
Get ready for a wake-up call as this year's spectacular Alhambra Theatre pantomime, Sleeping Beauty, is getting ready to open!


How do I move space between partitions?
I'm using Windows 7. I have two partitions, one for all my system files and another for all my miscellaneous things. The available space on my system partition is shrinking. Is it possible to move space between partitions and keep all the data on both? If so, what would be the easiest and/or safest way to do so?
I have been using Easeus Pertition Master (free) and pretty happy with it.
you can try hirens boot cd, has some partition tools, burn the cd then boot on it.
I use a free version of Easeus Partition Manager Home Edition. Here is a link to this free software: http://www.partition-tool.com/personal.htm. This program will do what you want plus much more.


Here are some more free printable PECs-type cards targeting Final Consonant Deletion. These are words that start with T and end with a long vowel paired with the same T and long vowel but ending with a T or a P.
Use these cards as flash cards, playing cards, a memory/concentration game or print them and make a lotto game out of them.
Members can access an editable version of these cards at www.mrsriley.com here: http://mrsriley.com/app/#fileID=57668.


Beer and great literature: they're found together more often than you might think. One of the enormous benefits of the growing power of the internet is that it makes certain sorts of research almost trivially easy. Earlier this year the chaps at Beer Connoisseur magazine asked me to write a piece about breweries in novels. Before the intertubes this would have meant weeks of sitting in a good library surrounded by several small and growing hills of old books by great authors, each with pieces of paper sticking out that marked relevant passages. Today, Project Gutenberg has all the classics digitised, and the excellent Anacleto search engine makes finding key words in old literature simples.
Among the authors who had to be largely omitted was Anthony Trollope, who featured brewers in at least three of his novels, but couldn't shake off the influence of the card game Happy Families in naming them. One of the original 11 families in the first, 1851 edition of the card game was Mr Bung the Brewer and his wife and children. In Trollope's novel Rachel Ray the hero, Luke Rowan inherits a big slice of a brewery called Bungall and Tappit in the made-up Devon town of Baslehurst. In another Trollope work, Mr Scarborough's Family, the sub-plot involves Thoroughbung's brewery of Buntingford (a real small town in Hertfordshire about 20 miles outside London which, in fact, never had a commercial brewery). Finally in The Prime Minister, one of Trollope's series of political novels, a brewer in the fictional town of Silverbridge who narrowly misses becoming an MP is called Du Boung.
An interesting tradition at the Luton Brewery is that of the men in the brewing department wearing red stockinette caps whilst at work. The Luton Brewery has always been noted for this particular form of cap, which, of course, is the traditional brewer's headgear. Long after its use had ceased elsewhere, this link with the past survived at Luton, and there is no intention of dropping the custom. The Company's trade mark shows the old-time brewery employee wearing the brewery cap and carrying a green barrel.
Thackeray, who liked to recycle his characters as much as Trollope liked to call fictional brewers variations on the name Bung, had introduced Foker's brewery in an earlier work, The Virginians. This was set in the 1750s to 1770s, and is about two young brothers from a plantation-owning family and their adventures in America and England. One of the brothers is hauled out of married poverty in London by becoming a tutor to Mr Foker's son. The Virginian and the brewer become friends, and after the Virginian inherits a baronetcy and an estate in Essex, Warrington Manor he writes in his memoirs: "We brew our own, too, at Warrington Manor, but our good Mr Foker never fails to ship to Ipswich every year a couple of butts of his entire. His son is a young sprig of fashion, and has married an earl's daughter." Thackeray based this last part on the London porter brewer Samuel Whitbread, whose second wife was indeed an earl's daughter.
The novelist George Meredith (1828-1909), who advised Thomas Hardy on his writing career, invented another London brewery, Cogglesby's, for his fourth novel, Evan Harrington. Old Tom Cogglesby, the bachelor co-owner of the brewery, provides the cash that allows the young hero, born the son of a tailor, to finally win the hand of his fair Rose, daughter of a baronet of ancient family, who is also wooed by a peer.
No horses in the stable, no pigs in the sty, no malt in the storehouse, no smells of grains and beer in the copper or the vat. All the uses and scents of the brewery might have evaporated with its last reek of smoke. In a by-yard there was a wilderness of empty casks which had a certain sour remembrance of better days lingering about them. But it was too sour to be accepted as a sample of the beer that was gone.
A sad epitaph, for it also fits hundreds of other British breweries that have closed since the time of Dickens, even if they didn't all have an ageing loony in an increasingly ragged wedding dress haunting the premises.
God I hated Great Expectations when I was a teenager. It very nearly put me off Dickens for life. Funny, I had completely forgotten that Satis House was a commercial brewery. Would you normally have had a manor house attached to a commercial brewery? Is that where the big commercial breweries in England came from — the domestic brewing of his Lordship's household?
And I hope you got "the noble twin brothers Bungiveagh and Bungardilaun" into the article.
While commercial breweries did sometimes develop from the brewhouse attached to a farm or manor house, it was more often the case that a successful commercial brewer would build himself a magnificent new home next door to his brewery: in Hertfordshire, the place I know the local brewery history of best, I can think of at least four cases where the brewery has gone but the very fine Georgian brewer's house remains.
Back to Joyce again, you get a better view of the Dublin beer scene of his day in Finnegans Wake: "whether it was chateaubottled Guiness's or Phoenix brewery stout it was or John Jameson and Sons or Roob Coccola or, for the matter of that, O'Connell's famous old Dublin ale that he wanted like hell".
I read Ulysses because I was born on June 16, but I confess I never got further than page 36 or so in Finnegans Wake, so that one passed me by: now I'll have to check on what beers Mr Earwicker's pub stocked … curse you, BN.


Collecting mower designed for professional use with 59 inch cutting width and 28 cu ft collector box. The high suction power makes it also possible to collect tree leaves on lawns. The blades cut the grass, tree leaves etc. to a fine mulch which packs tightly into the collector box.


Ambitious. With the fourth generation of the ZenFone series, Asus challenges a fiercely contested submarket by not only offering competitive pricing but also by providing their latest offering with a strong camera. Moreover, ZenUI has taken a great leap forward, making it seem positively grown up!
Одна из главных особенностей телефона — его функциональный, но немного увесистый интерфейс ZenUI 4.0. Он предлагает много интересного — от фирменной клавиатуры и защитника, до управления жестами и настроек всего, что есть на смартфоне (звук, режимы батареи, изображение и так далее). Это понравится любителям покопаться в настройках и подстроить что-то. Но для остальных это будет чрезмерно и запутанно — ведь во все это нужно вникать и разбираться. Другими особенностями назовем стеклянную спинку с бликующими концентрическими окружностями под ней, двойную камеру и стереодинамики.
За эти деньги есть много интересных смартфонов, каждый со своими крутыми фишками: Honor 9 — флагманская камера, Moto X4 — защита от воды и необычный дизайн. OnePlus 5 до сих пор остается одним из самых мощных Android-смартфонов, а LG G6 знаменит экраном с тонкими рамками и ударопрочным корпусом. Все эти аппараты актуальны до сих пор, рекомендуем обратить на них внимание.
Встроенной памяти у всех версий Asus Zenfone 4 установлено 64 ГБ. Этого должно хватить для большинства потребностей. Если же этого окажется мало, к вашим услугам слот для карт памяти microSD объемом до двух терабайт.
The Asus ZenFone 4 is something of a Marmite smartphone. Slim, relatively light and possessing an above-average main camera, punchy audio, solid battery life and decent build quality, Asus gets a number of important factors right for this upper-midrange handset. However, the list of potential gripes is equally as long, with the ZenFone 4 outfitted with a slippy back, average screen, and, for the price, only a Snapdragon 630 chipset.
Overall, I really top handset. I'm only sorry that it's not available on the big networks here in the UK, so you'll need to go through Amazon or Tesco for £449.99 or perhaps on a plan via Carphone Warehouse. It is a fantastic handset and priced well considering the quality and speed of it.
All in all, it is definitely a good phone for £450. It doesn't really do anything special, but if you want a solid mid-range phone that doesn't have any serious weaknesses, the ASUS ZenFone 4 will likely appeal.
And that's where I feel it comes to a sad conclusion. The ZenFone 4 is an excellent phone, but it's one that many may pass over because of its price. If the ASUS thing takes your fancy, the entry-level ZenFone 4 Max with an enormous battery is £200 less. But at £449, you're paying a fairly high price for a mid-range device. Ultimately, that's where it comes unstuck.
Overall, the ZenFone 4 is still a pretty good phone. My favourite features have to be the beautifully compact design, excellent battery performance and the camera is quite good too and it handles games quite well. The 8MP wide-angle is still okay in certain situations, but seriously, they really need to fix the connectivity performance. You may also find that your ZenFone 4 lags at times, so always be sure to check if there are any software updates because during my three weeks review, I've updated it three times already and I'm sure they will continue to roll out more.
Revisiting the ASUS ZenFone 4: A Formidable Premium Mid-Range Phone?
Here's the thing — the ASUS Zenfone 4 is underrated. People don't get to see how good it really is because they're immediately turned off by the price. Other flagship devices are just a few thousand pesos more so it's hard to not consider other options. The hard reality is that the ZenFone 4 faces a tough competition at its current price point.
Probably doesn't signal the start of an Asus assault on our phone-buying habits, but the ZenFone 4 is perfectly potent - if a little too stuck in its ways when it comes to software.
All-in-all, the Zenfone 4 (SD630) is pretty much similar to its more powerful twin – same attractive and premium build, Super IPS display, and good camera quality. The only difference is the slight decrease in performance. Still, this device is capable of handling multiple tasks and a worthy addition to the Zenfone 4 lineup.


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'God of War: Ascension': Director Todd Papy talks multiplayer
By John Young
Updated May 01, 2012 at 01:00 PM EDT
Credit: Sony Computer Entertainment America
Kratos has never been one to play nice with others, so maybe it's no surprise that the God of War series has so far avoided multiplayer. But that all changes with God of War: Ascension, the PlayStation 3 prequel that was first announced earlier this month. Sony revealed Monday that Ascension will contain multiplayer modes in addition to a single-player campaign. EW got to see some of the ancient Greek gameplay in action and talked to director Todd Papy about how multiplayer will work in the God of War universe. Here's what we learned:
— Kratos will not be playable in multiplayer. Instead, you control armor-clad warriors who look, yes, quite similar to our brute protagonist. "Everybody is built off the Kratos [character design] rig because Kratos has something like 2,600 animations," Papy told EW. "Redoing those animations would be a painstaking process, and we wanted to make sure that we could really focus on the gameplay and spend that time animating new weapons, new kills, and new specials." This also means that there will be no female characters in multiplayer since, as Papy told an audience full of reporters, "female characters on Kratos' rig do not look pretty."
— You will be able to customize your character by swapping six different items: boots, skirt, chest piece, shoulder pads, gauntlets, and helmet.
— Multiplayer will feature up to eight players. We saw a four-on-four match (more on that later), but you could also play one-on-one, if you so desire.
— Multiplayer will feature five to seven maps, and there will be multiple game modes, though developer Sony Santa Monica is still figuring out which modes to include. "We've talked about Capture the Flag, Deathmatch, and Team Deathmatch," says Papy. "But it's one of those things where we want to bring our spin to it and make sure it oozes God of War."
— The one game mode we do know will be included is a Domination-style battle. We watched two teams — one red (Troy) and one blue (Sparta) — pulverize each another in an attempt to gain access to two control points. Once a team dominates both points, a weapon called the Spear of Olympus falls from the heavens, which the team can use to ultimately kill the Megaclops (that friendly looking giant cyclops pictured above) and win the match.
— Multiplayer will have a training mode called "Champion of the Gods." When you first start up multiplayer, you'll find yourself in a situation where you'll have to yell out to the gods to save your life, essentially selling your soul to one of four choices — Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, or Ares. "You get taken up to Olympus and get to choose which allegiance you want to go with," says Papy, "You can try out Zeus, or try out Ares, and fight against enemies while trying out different weapons. You get to choose which one suits you the best, and then go back down and really start your multiplayer session." You'll also have the opportunity to change your selection at a later point, though Papy and his team haven't yet figured out how that option will be integrated into the game.
— And God of War purists, don't fret, the single-player campaign will remain Sony Santa Monica's main focus. Papy wouldn't discuss the details of the single-player mode except to confirm that it is a prequel, and that the game will push the PS3 to its limits. "It was a conscious decision not to go with God of War IV," says Papy. "This was a way for us to step back and separate ourselves from the trilogy. We're always looking for ways to grow our fanbase."
As someone who adores the God of War trilogy, I can understand how some gamers might be apprehensive about any potential changes to the franchise. But what Sony showed us looked mighty impressive. Multiplayer ran as smooth as silk, and the kill animations were on par with something out of Pixar — if Pixar was in the business of animating warriors getting sliced in half from head-to-toe. Suddenly I recall playing GoldenEye 007 as a kid and hearing my older brother voice his disapproval: "The violence is so disturbingly realistic." Bro, you ain't seen nothing yet.
Sony announces 'God of War: Ascension' for PlayStation 3 — VIDEO
'PlayStation All-Stars': Sony's answer to Nintendo's 'Super Smash Bros.' — VIDEO


Immerse yourself in the topic of communication in the workplace with an interesting conversation about the communication demands of today's nursing practice! Communication in Nursing, 8th Edition adopts a uniquely practical and personal approach, providing extensive examples, exercises, and techniques that help you understand important concepts and apply communication skills in a variety of clinical settings. With its conversational tone, this relatable text takes you beyond theory to show you how to use communication as a tool to limit stress in your nursing practice. A new Active Learning feature that promotes goal-directed reading, and additional QSEN exercises highlight the importance of assertive communication in promoting quality, safe care for clients - all in an easy-to-read magazine layout. QSEN preface and exercises stress how communication impacts safety and quality of care. Moments of Connection boxes highlight beneficial outcomes of successful communication and provide concrete examples of how communication techniques work. "Reflections on..." boxes provide thoughtful summary exercises at the end of each chapter that give you a specific task to help you integrate chapter material into the broader scope of nursing practice. Wit & Wisdom boxes present selected verses and quotations relevant to chapter topics, adding interest and humor. These boxes keep your attention by providing moments of relief from serious topics and "a-ha" moments when theory becomes linked to practice. Exercises throughout each chapter help you master chapter techniques and strengthen your communication skills. NEW! Active Learning feature in every chapter promotes active, goal-directed reading. NEW! Exercises in each chapter, including reflective journaling, remediation, online and group activities, and discussion topics, help facilitate various learning types. NEW and UPDATED! Additional QSEN exercises and an updated QSEN preface highlight the importance of assertive communication in promoting quality, safe care for clients. NEW! Discusses the importance of interprofessional education and communication in the healthcare environment. NEW! Addresses the importance of "presence" in nursing - being present for clients, families, colleagues, and self. NEW! New content on healthy grief and the issues of death denial and death phobia and professional boundaries related to social media. NEW! Coverage of the most current research about the importance of self-care. NEW! Explains the importance of the concept of "the pause" in communication so you better understand how and when to use pauses.


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Enagás updates its Sustainability Strategy
Corporate Descarbonisation
It is built on three pillars that are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, and integrated into the newly proposed Strategic Plan until 2030
Last July, Enagás presented its Strategic Plan to 2030. A plan with a very clear purpose: security of supply and decarbonisation, and in which sustainability plays a key role.
For Natalia Latorre, Energy Transition General Manager at Enagás, "we all need to work together to ensure that the company's strategy is in line with European developments and environmental commitments to achieve climate neutrality by 2040".
In light of this, the company has recently updated its Sustainability Strategy in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals and further align with the energy transition. This update is structured around three strategic pillars.
Decarbonisation of its operations and value chain: speed up climate action by focusing on the development of renewable gases, energy efficiency and emission reductions, while preserving natural environments and their biodiversity.
Transformation with a focus on people: promote cultural and people transformation through different channels such as the development of new profiles and capabilities; strategic talent management that promotes new values, diverse and inclusive ecosystems and ensures commitment; an organisation with professionals who promote new ways of working; and a culture of safety with mechanisms for flexibility, physical and emotional well-being for professionals.
Governance to ensure human rights and environmental due diligence: a governance model that ensures sustainability due diligence with a focus on human rights and the environment in both Enagás' own operations and those of its value chain, with particular interest in its affiliates and in its supply chain.
These pillars were defined and approved by the Sustainability Committee and the Executive Committee and ratified by the Enagás Sustainability and Appointments Committee.
Following an in-depth review and update of the company's materiality analysis, Enagás has taken into account the significance of the environmental, social, and governance dimensions as perceived by its stakeholders, particularly investors and the regulator.