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PLOS Biology provides an Open Access platform to showcase your best research and commentary across all areas of biological science.
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Ancient DNA Tells Story of Giant Eagle Evolution
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030020
Citation: (2005) Ancient DNA Tells Story of Giant Eagle Evolution. PLoS Biol 3(1): e20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030020
Copyright: © 2005 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The recent discovery of a Hobbit-like hominid on the Indonesian island of Flores was startling in some respects—its rather modern existence, for one—but it represents a classic case of Darwinian evolution. For reasons that are not entirely clear, when animals make their way to isolated islands, they tend to evolve relatively quickly toward an outsized or pint-sized version of their mainland counterpart. Following this evolutionary script, the Flores woman, presumably a downsized version of Homo erectus, appears to have shared her island home with dwarf elephants and giant rats.
Perhaps the most famous example of an island giant—and, sadly, of species extinction—is the dodo, once found on the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius. When the dodo's ancestor (thought to be a migratory pigeon) settled on this island with abundant food, no competition from terrestrial mammals, and no predators, it could survive without flying, and thus was freed from the energetic and size constraints of flight. New Zealand also had avian giants, now extinct, including the flightless moa, an ostrich-like bird, and Haast's eagle (Harpagornis moorei), which had a wingspan up to 3 meters. Though Haast's eagle could fly—and presumably used its wings to launch brutal attacks on the hapless moa—its body mass (10–14 kilograms) pushed the limits for self-propelled flight.
As extreme evolutionary examples, these island birds can offer insights into the forces and events shaping evolutionary change. In a new study, Michael Bunce et al. compared ancient mitochondrial DNA extracted from Haast's eagle bones with DNA sequences of 16 living eagle species to better characterize the evolutionary history of the extinct giant raptor. Their results suggest the extinct raptor underwent a rapid evolutionary transformation that belies its kinship to some of the world's smallest eagle species.
Giant Haast's eagle attacking New Zealand moa (Art: John Megahan)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030020.g001
The authors characterized the rates of sequence evolution within mitochondrial DNA to establish the evolutionary relationships between the different eagle species. Their analysis places Haast's eagle in the same evolutionary lineage as a group of small eagle species in the genus Hieraaetus. Surprisingly, the genetic distance separating the giant eagle and its more diminutive Hieraaetus cousins from their last common ancestor is relatively small.
Without the fossils to directly determine divergence times, Bunce et al. relied on molecular dating techniques that use the rate of sequence evolution in the genes studied to establish the relative evolutionary ages of the eagles. Proposing a divergence date of roughly 0.7–1.8 million years ago, the authors acknowledge that while this is the "best available approximation of the 'true' date," additional molecular data could help refine the estimate. Whatever the date of divergence, the extinct giant eagle is clearly an anomaly among the eagles studied here. The increase in body size—by at least an order of magnitude in less than 2 million years—is particularly remarkable, Bunce et al. argue, since it occurred in a species still capable of flight.
The absence of mammalian competitors facilitated the evolution of much larger eagles and owls on Cuba and may have likewise precipitated the rapid morphological shift seen here. Haast's eagle, the authors write, "represents an extreme example of how freedom from competition on island ecosystems can rapidly influence morphological adaptation and speciation." Given its similarity to the smaller Hieraaetus species, the authors recommend reclassifying the New Zealand giant as Hieraaetus moorei. This study shows how quickly morphological changes can occur in vertebrate lineages within island ecosystems. Could it be that anthropologists might some day uncover evidence of a giant version of the Flores woman?
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You are currently browsing the tag archive for the 'gender and microfinance' tag.
"[T]he promoters of micro-credits promise to deliver us from poverty and emancipate women. In fact, it is the opposite that happens: we find ourselves trapped in a spiral of over indebtedness, launching infeasible micro-projects that, instead of keeping our heads above water, push us deeper into poverty, stress, humiliation and violence. We are at the end of our tether!


text:
Smirnenski peut désigner :

 en bulgare (le nom étant écrit Смирненски) :
 Hristo Smirnenski (en bulgare : Христо Смирненски), poète bulgare (1898-1923), de son vrai nom Hristo Dimitrov Izmirliev (en bulgare : Христо Димитров Измирлиев) ;
Smirnenski, village bulgare de l'obchtina de Brousartsi, situé dans l'oblast de Montana ;
Smirnenski, village bulgare de l'obchtina de Vetovo, situé dans l'oblast de Roussé.

Homonymie de localités

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In this article named "Procedure of Structural Design", the steps involved in the design process are described.
The primary objective of structural analysis and design is to produce a structure capable of resisting all applied loads without failure during its intended life. If improperly designed, elements of a structure would fail causing serious consequences such as large expenses or ultimately losses in lives which cannot be compared with any cost.
Once the architectural engineer sets the function and layout of the structure, the role of the structural engineer begins which can be summarized in the following steps to develop a safe, functional and economic structures.
In this stage, initial design of the building elements (e.g. slabs, beams, columns …etc.) is performed based on code recommendations.
It starts with selecting the appropriate columns' locations and orientation in such a way that they do not interfere with the architectural drawings. For example, you do not want a column to be in the middle of a room or something like that. Also, one should consider that at least 30% of the total number of columns to be in either x- or y- directions to give adequate earthquake resistance of the building.
After that, the type of structural system is selected. For instance, the slab might be chosen to be solid slab, hollow block or flat slab … etc. Accordingly, the location of beams are determined.
After finishing the initial design, the exact dimensions of each building element shall be determined. First, an analysis model is created for the building with its initial dimensions as determined from STEP 1 on an analysis software such as SAP 2000.
All the loads that act on the structure have to defined in the model such as dead loads, live loads, wind and earthquake loads … etc.
From the model, the internal forces [Normal Force, Shear Force, Bending Moments] on each elements is calculated.
Now you have the straining actions on the elements based on the initial sizing and simply, you can use them to design according to the relevant code. The design process became so easy by using some spreadsheets or any other software that facilitates the design.
Next, the analysis model should be modified to the new dimensions obtained from the previous design and the analysis is re-run. Internal forces are obtained and design is made again based on the new forces.
This iterative process is repeated until the element design be the same in two following iterations.
After the final dimensions of members are found, the foundation system type can be selected taking in consideration, the bearing capacity of the soil and the loading coming from the structure.
In this step, the structural plans are created. These plans should be fully detailed such that the construction process in the site can proceed smoothly and not delayed due to missing data in the drawings.


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DynCorp (), formally DynCorp International, was an American private military contractor. Started as an aviation company, the company also provided flight operations support, training and mentoring, international development, intelligence training and support, contingency operations, security, and operations and maintenance of land vehicles. DynCorp received more than 96% of its more than $3 billion in annual revenue from the U.S. federal government. The corporate headquarters were in an unincorporated part of Fairfax County near Falls Church, Virginia, while the company's contracts were managed from its office at Alliance Airport in Fort Worth, Texas. DynCorp provided services for the U.S. military in several theaters, including Bolivia, Bosnia, Somalia, Angola, Haiti, Colombia, Kosovo and Kuwait. It also provided much of the security for Afghan president Hamid Karzai's presidential guard and trained much of the police forces of Iraq and Afghanistan. DynCorp was also hired to assist recovery in Louisiana and neighboring areas after Hurricane Katrina. The company held one contract on every round of competition since receiving the first Contract Field Teams contract in 1951.

In 2020, Dyncorp was bought by Germantown, Maryland-based defense support services conglomerate Amentum. On April 21, 2021, the DynCorp name was discontinued, and employees and services transferred to Amentum.

History

Beginnings (1946–1961)
DynCorp traces its origins from two companies formed in 1946: California Eastern Airways (CEA), an air freight business, and Land-Air Inc., an aircraft maintenance company. California Eastern Airways was founded by a small group of returning World War II pilots who wanted to break into the air cargo business. They were one of the first firms to ship cargo by air, and within a year, the firm was serving both coasts. California Eastern Airways diversified into multiple government aviation and managerial jobs, airlifted supplies for the Korean War, and was responsible for the White Sands Missile Range (a client that DynCorp has retained for 50 years).

In 1951 Land-Air Inc., which implemented the first Contract Field Teams (teams of technicians that maintained military aircraft for the United States Air Force), was bought by California Eastern Aviation Inc. DynCorp still holds the contract 50 years later, maintaining rotary and fixed-wing aircraft for all branches of the U.S. Armed Forces. At this time, revenues for the company reached $6 million.

In 1952 the company, renamed California Eastern Aviation, Inc., merged with Air Carrier Service Corporation (AIRCAR), which sold commercial aircraft and spare parts to foreign airlines and governments.

Dynalectron (1962–1987)
By 1961 California Eastern Aviation needed a new name to reflect the growing and diversifying company. The name "Dynalectron Corporation" was selected from 5,000 employee suggestions. In 1976 Dynalectron established headquarters in McLean, Virginia. Due to its growing size, the company restructured into four main operating groups: Specialty Contracting, Energy, Government Services, and Aviation Services. In the 30 years since the foundation of CEA, Dynalectron had acquired 19 companies in 30 years, had assets of $88 million, maintained a backlog of $250 million, employed 7,000, and had annual sales of $300 million.

In 1964 Dynalectron diversified into the energy services business with the acquisition of Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. Through this acquisition Dynalectron developed a process called H-Coal, which converted coal into synthetic liquid fuels. The work began to attract national attention with the Arab Oil Embargos of the 1970s. By the early 1980s Texaco, Ruhrkohle and Itochu were all marketing Dynalectron's H-Oil process.

Between 1976 and 1981 the company had two public stock offerings and acquired another 14 companies. By 1986 Dynaelectron was one of the largest defense contractors in North America.

DynCorp and expansion (1987–2003)

In 1987 Dynalectron changed its name to DynCorp. In 1988 DynCorp went private to avoid a hostile takeover by Miami financier Victor Posner, via an employee initiative led by Daniel R. Bannister. Bannister, as T. Rees Shapiro wrote in his 2011 obituary, "was paid $1.65 an hour when he joined DynCorp as an electronics technician in 1953," rising to serve as its president and CEO (1985 to 1997).

In 1994 DynCorp's revenues were approximately $1 billion. By the time of his retirement in 2003, Shapiro notes that Bannister "oversaw the acquisition of more than 40 companies… [and] was credited with helping to mold… an aviation services company into a sprawling conglomerate that employed 24,000 people and earned $2.4 billion in annual revenue." As well he "oversaw DynCorp contracts to operate missile test ranges for the Defense Department, develop vaccines for the National Institutes of Health and install security systems in U.S. embassies for the State Department." Shapiro notes that during Bannister's tenure Dyncorp had also "supplied bodyguards to Haitian President Jean Bertrand Aristide in the 1990s and to Afghan President Hamid Karzai in the early 2000s."

With the reductions in military spending in the 1990s, DynCorp expanded their focus to the growing tech market. It bought 19 digital and network service firms and acquired contracts with the government's information technology (IT) departments. By 2003 roughly half of DynCorp's business came from managing the IT departments of the Central Intelligence Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, among others. In 1999 DynCorp moved its headquarters to Reston, Virginia.

In December 2000 DynCorp formed DynCorp International LLC, and transferred all its international business to this entity. DynCorp Technical Services LLC continued to perform DynCorp's domestic contracts.

Sale to CSC, IPO, and purchase by Cerberus Capital (2003-2020)
In March 2003 DynCorp and its subsidiaries were acquired by Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) for approximately $914 million. Less than two years later, CSC announced the sale of three DynCorp units (DynCorp International, DynMarine and certain DynCorp Technical Services contracts) to Veritas Capital Fund, LP for $850 million. After the sale, CSC retained the rights to the name "DynCorp" and the new company became DynCorp International.

In 2006 DynCorp International went public on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
DCP.

On April 12, 2010, DynCorp International announced a conditional deal to be acquired by private equity investment firm Cerberus Capital Management for $17.55 per share ($1 billion). The deal was agreed on 7 July 2010.

In December 2011 the company hired Michael Thibault, former co-chairman and commissioner of the Commission on Wartime Contracting in Iraq and Afghanistan (CWC), as vice president of government finance and compliance. Thibault worked for many years at the Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA), serving as Deputy Director from 1994 to 2005. In 2011 Dyncorp set a company record with 12,300 new hires, bringing the total number of employees to 27,000.

Acquisition by Amentum (2020–present)
On November 23, 2020, Amentum, a contractor supporting U.S. federal and allied governments, announced that it has closed the acquisition of DynCorp International (due to multiple human trafficking cases), a provider of sophisticated aviation, logistics, training, intelligence and operational solutions in over 30 countries worldwide. The combination has also created one of the largest providers of mission critical support services to government customers, with 34,000 team members in 105 countries around the world.

Services

Air operations

DynCorp International provides aviation support to reduce the flow of illicit drugs, strengthen law enforcement, and eliminate terrorism. Their air operations include the operation of fixed-wing and rotary aircraft on and around aircraft carriers for either combat or non-combat missions, aviation life support missions, and aerial/satellite imagery. DynCorp was hired to strengthen the Afghan air force, helping to train Afghan pilots so they could, in turn, train other Afghans. They have also provided air operations support in Iraq, including search and rescue, medical evacuations, and transporting quick reaction forces.

Aviation
DynCorp International began as an aeronautical company in the 1950s and continues to provide aviation support globally. Aviation support including emergency response air programs, aircraft maintenance, theater aviation support management, helicopter maintenance support, supportability and testing.

In 2012 DynCorp played a key part in the Space Shuttle Endeavour's final flight as it made its way from the Kennedy Space Center in Orlando to the California Science Center in Los Angeles aboard NASA's specially crafted Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA). The SCA was a uniquely configured Boeing 747-100 aircraft. DynCorp mechanics worked with NASA and other support contractors performed maintenance and inspection services to the SCA. DynCorp's involvement in Endeavour's final flight was part of a contract NASA awarded to the company in April 2012 to provide aircraft maintenance and operational support at various locations throughout the country.

Emergency response air programs
DynCorp has been working with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (known as CAL FIRE) to suppress and control wild land fire. DynCorp flies and maintains Grumman S-2 Tracker fire retardant air tankers and OV-10A aircraft, and maintains and services civilian UH-1H Super Huey helicopters flown by CAL FIRE pilots. Operating from across California, aircraft can reach most fires within 20 minutes.

Aircraft maintenance
DynCorp provides aircraft maintenance, fleet testing and evaluation for rotary, fixed, "lighter-than-air", and unmanned aircraft. Specifically, they provide on-site work for project testing, transient, loaner, leased and tested civilian aircraft services. DynCorp also performs supportability and safety studies as well as off-site aircraft safety and spill containment patrols and aircraft recovery services. DynCorp has received contracts for aircraft maintenance with the United States Navy, the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Army, and NASA. DynCorp provides aircraft maintenance in countries including the Republic of the Philippines, the United States, throughout Europe, Southwest Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Additionally, DynCorp provides aircraft maintenance support to facilities including the NAS Patuxent River, Johnson Space Center in Houston, the Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, NASA facilities in El Paso, Texas, Edwards Air Force Base in California, and Robins Air Force Base (AFB) in Georgia.

Among its notable awards is its unbroken record of having received a contract in every round of competition under the United States Air Force-managed Contract Field Teams (CFT) program since the CFT program started in 1951.

The company recently opened up an office in Huntsville, Alabama, to allow it to further focus on its aviation business. The Army Materiel Command, Army Contracting Command and the U.S. Army Security Assistance Command all have or soon will have their headquarters on Redstone Arsenal. The U.S. Air Force chose DynCorp to supply support services for the military's T-6 and T-6B trainer aircraft.  As part of that contract DynCorp will open, operate and manage Contractor Operated and Maintained Base Supply facilities at nine Air Force and Navy locations.

Helicopter maintenance support
DynCorp International has been the incumbent recipient of helicopter maintenance and support contracts supporting the U.S. Army, the U.S. Air Force, and the U.S. Navy. It also received the task order to provide theater aviation support management for US Army helicopters in Europe (TASM-E). The U.S. Army Contracting Command gave DynCorp International a contract to provide a maintenance augmentation team for the Kuwait Air Force's AH-64D Apache helicopter maintenance program. DynCorp has worked as a partner for supporting the Air Force's fleet of 39 F/A-18 Hornet aircraft program since 1997.

Contingency operations
A significant part of the company's business since the 1990s has come from contingency operations support. The company supports existing bases in Southern Afghanistan, builds new ones as needed, and provides base support services.

Development

In January 2010 DynCorp International combined with World Wide Humanitarian Services (WWHS) and Casals & Associates to form DI Development. DI Development provides humanitarian aid, reconstruction to conflict and post-conflict areas, and governance reforms.

DynCorp International made several acquisitions in 2009 and 2010 to adapt to the defense sector's shift towards diplomacy and development work, in particular acquiring an international development firm in order to enter the international aid community. DI Development is particularly active in Africa and Latin America. In Africa DI Development strengthened government financial management in Ghana, assisted in peace and recovery advancement in Uganda, and led anti-corruption programs in Madagascar, Malawi, and Nigeria. In Latin America DI Development implemented anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability programs in Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Panama, and provided democracy and governance initiatives in Mexico, Bolivia, and the Dominican Republic.

Intelligence training and solutions
In 2010 DynCorp International acquired Phoenix Consulting Group to expand the company into intelligence training and solutions. By acquiring the Phoenix Consulting Group, DynCorp provides training courses to the intelligence community at the Phoenix Training Center. Dyncorp International employs 300 intelligence professionals to offer highly specialized training for intelligence, counterintelligence, special operations and law enforcement personnel. It also provides linguist operations, including language training, translation specialists recruiting, and field translation support for the U.S. armed forces.

Through a joint venture with McNeil Technologies called Global Linguist Solutions, Dyncorp was awarded a five-year contract to provide management of translation and interpretation services to support U.S. Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Under the contract, DynCorp employed 6,000 locally hired translators and 1,000 U.S. citizens who are native speakers of languages spoken in Iraq. DynCorp International was also given a $17.1 million task order to provide leadership to military personnel of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The program focuses on training junior and mid-level personnel in areas such as communications, logistics, and engineering.

DynCorp president Steven Schorer expects the training and support logistics for the military and intelligence community to grow significantly in the coming years.

Two DynCorp American employees were among the five killed in Jordan by a co-worker on 9 November 2015. The incident occurred at the International Police Training Centre in Zarqa. The program the men were working on is funded by the State Department's Bureau of Diplomatic Security and Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs.

Operations and maintenance
DynCorp provides military base operations and vehicle maintenance. They manage installations for military bases for the Department of Defense and the Department of State, and provide security services, fire and rescue emergency services, and IT/telecommunication services. In particular, DynCorp supports a military base camp in Kosovo, providing power plant maintenance, fueling services, and grounds maintenance. DynCorp is also active in vehicular maintenance, in particular providing the United Arab Emirates with depot-level maintenance, facilities management, and commercialization for its 17,000 ground vehicles. In April 2012 DynCorp International was awarded a contract with the U.S. Navy to provide facility support services for personnel from the Naval Mobile Construction Battalion unit Timor-Leste, including living quarters, internet and telephone services, bathroom facilities, laundry services, kitchen facilities, vehicle/driver/language support, procurement services, warehousing and other services.

DynCorp also formed a joint venture with Oshkosh Defense, Force Protection Industries, and McLane Advanced Technologies to pursue a $3 billion five-year Army contract for support and maintenance of mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles. The U.S. Defense Department gave DynCorp the Nunn-Perry Award in recognition of its mentor-protege arrangement with CenterScope Technologies, in which it provided coaching in development of new markets, establishing international operations and in worldwide logistics. As a result of this mentoring CTSI's revenue grew from $5 million to $32 million in 18 months.

Security services
DynCorp provides personal security throughout various parts of the world. It supplies Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East with threat assessment protection, perimeter security, base security, and guard services. DynCorp supported the U.S. Army in the Persian Gulf with vehicle searches, roving patrols, and explosive-detecting dogs. It also provides personal security to many regions of Iraq and Afghanistan.

Culpeper National Security Solutions is a unit of DynCorp.

Training and mentoring
DynCorp delivers training for multiple sectors, including security sector reform, interior and defense personnel in underdeveloped nations, and law enforcement. Since 1994 DynCorp has trained and deployed 6,000 law enforcement workers in 16 countries, including Iraq and Afghanistan. DynCorp is looking to partner with Raytheon as a prime or subcontractor on the Teach, Educate, Coach program, which is part of the Army's Warfighter Field Operations Customer Support program.

Controversies

Latin America incidents

In September 2001 Ecuadorian farmers filed a class-action lawsuit against DynCorp. On February 15, 2013, the court granted summary judgment to DynCorp, dismissing the sole remaining human health and medical monitoring claims Ecuadorian plaintiffs had brought in connection with counternarcotic aerial herbicide spraying operations in southern Colombia. The plaintiffs are preparing to appeal the dismissal.

An extensive accusation concerning DynCorp's activities and alleged abuses in Colombia was presented against DynCorp at the Hearing on Biodiversity of the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal, session on Colombia at the Cacarica Humanitarian Zone from February 24 to 27, 2007.

Three DynCorp employees died when their helicopter was shot down during an anti-drug mission in Peru in 1992.

On November 29, 2008, a lengthy article in The New York Times questioned the potential conflict of interest in the hiring by Veritas Capital Fund, LP, holding company for DynCorp, of Gen. Barry McCaffrey. McCaffrey had previously served as White House "Drug Czar", where he shaped future federal public-private partnership in drug enforcement policy.

Sex trafficking of children in Bosnia
According to Human Rights Watch, there is substantial evidence that points to the involvement of DynCorp contractors in trafficking of women and girls in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as violence against them.

In the late 1990s two employees, Ben Johnston, a former DynCorp aircraft mechanic, and Kathryn Bolkovac, a U.N. International Police Force monitor, independently alleged that DynCorp employees in Bosnia engaged in sex with minors and sold them to each other as slaves. Johnston and Bolkovac were fired, and Johnston was later placed into protective custody before leaving several days later.

On June 2, 2000, an investigation was launched in the DynCorp hangar at Comanche Base Camp, one of two U.S. bases in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and all DynCorp personnel were detained for questioning. CID spent several weeks investigating and the results appear to support Johnston's allegations. DynCorp had fired five employees for similar illegal activities prior to the charges. Many of the employees accused of sex trafficking were forced to resign under suspicion of illegal activity. As of 2014 no one had been prosecuted.

In 2002 Bolkovac filed a lawsuit in Great Britain against DynCorp for unfair dismissal due to a protected disclosure (whistleblowing), and won. Bolkovac co-authored a book with Cari Lynn titled The Whistleblower: Sex Trafficking, Military Contractors And One Woman's Fight For Justice. In 2010 the film The Whistleblower, starring Rachel Weisz and Vanessa Redgrave, was released.

Iraq incidents
According to The New York Times, the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction (SIGIR) found that "DynCorp seemed to act almost independently of its reporting officers at the Department of State, billing the United States for millions of dollars of work that were not authorized and beginning other jobs without a go-ahead." The report states that the findings of DynCorp's misconduct on a $188 million job to buy weapons and build quarters for the Iraqi police were serious enough to warrant a fraud inquiry. A U.S. government audit report of October 2007 revealed that $1.3 billion was spent on a contract with DynCorp for training Iraqi police. The auditors stated that the program was mismanaged to such an extent that they were unable to determine how the money was spent.

In February 2007 federal auditors cited DynCorp for wasting millions on projects, including building an unapproved, Olympic-sized swimming pool at the behest of Iraqi police officials. In April 2011 DynCorp agreed to pay $7.7 million to the U.S. government to settle claims that it had inflated claims for construction contracts in Iraq.

On October 11, 2007, a DynCorp security guard in a U.S. State Department convoy killed a taxi driver in Baghdad. According to several witnesses, the taxi did not pose a threat to the convoy's security.

A January 2010 SIGIR report assessed that oversight of DynCorp police training contracts by the Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs found that INL exhibited weak oversight of the DynCorp task orders for support of the Iraqi police training program. It found that INL lacks sufficient resources and controls to adequately manage the task orders with DynCorp. As a result, more than $2.5 billion in U.S. funds were vulnerable to waste and fraud, although SIGIR's Iraq reconstruction inspector Stuart Bowen noted that there was no indication that DynCorp had misspent any of the $2.5 billion.

Afghanistan incidents
In 2009 DynCorp contractors paid a 15-year-old Afghan Bacha Bazi performer to perform lap dances and entertain them in Kunduz. Several Afghans were later arrested and investigated. A Wikileaks cable released after the incident stated that the Afghan interior minister at the time, Hanif Atmar, asked the assistant U.S. ambassador to try to "quash" both the story and release of video from the incident. In response to the incident, DynCorp fired four senior managers and established a chief compliance officer position, which focused on ethics, business conduct, related investigations, and regulatory compliance.

On July 30, 2010, a riot broke out when an Afghan car and a DynCorp vehicle crashed on a road near Kabul International Airport. Although initial reports blamed the company and claimed four Afghans were killed in the accident, Sayed Abdul Ghaffar, the head of the Kabul police criminal investigations division, told The New York Times that the Afghan driver had caused the accident and said only one Afghan died in the wreck.

Mozambique incident
According to Mozambican media reports, the Mozambican government seized and impounded the 16-vehicle shipment pending the outcome of investigations into alleged tax evasion and deception by OTT Technologies Mozambique.

Trump administration lobbying
DynCorp lobbied the Trump administration intensely to get the Trump administration to rescind a $10 billion contract that the Obama administration made with a rival company to service State Department aircraft.

See also

 Blackwater Worldwide
 Carratu International
 Fluor Corporation
 KBR
 Kroll Inc.
 LOGCAP
 LOGCAP IV
 Military–industrial complex
Military–industrial–media complex
 Pinkerton Government Services
 Top 100 Contractors of the U.S. federal government

References

Further reading

The Washington Post
 Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, "The Bloom Is on DynCorp," The Washington Post, August 5, 1996, p. F9.
 Day, Kathleen, "DynCorp Discussing the Sale of a Division; Reston Firm's Aviation Services Unit on Block," The Washington Post, August 8, 1995, p. D1.
 —, —, "DynCorp Retools with a Focus on Information Technology," The Washington Post, August 14, 1995, p. F8.
 —, —, "A Welcome from the Music Man," The Washington Post, August 14, 1995, p. F8.
 Haggerty, Maryann, "Engineering a Career in Energy Programs at DynCorp," The Washington Post, June 14, 1993, p. F11.
 Isikoff, Michael, "Dynalectric Indicted on Bid Rigging Charge; McLean Firm, Former President Agree to Plead Guilty, Forgo Appeal of Earlier Conviction," The Washington Post, April 24, 1987, p. F1.
 —, —, "Dynalectron Officer Indicted for Bid Rigging," The Washington Post, September 20, 1986, p. D1.
 —, —, "Dynalectron Puts Official on Paid Leave," The Washington Post, October 30, 1986, p. E1.
 Jones, William H., "Dynalectron Corp. Posts 'Large, Unexpected Losses,'" The Washington Post, March 13, 1979, p. D10.
 —, — –, "Dynalectron Has an Oil Answer," The Washington Post, July 12, 1978, p. E1.
 —, — –, "Dynalectron May Be Part of Coal Conversion Plan," The Washington Post, May 17, 1979, p. C1.
 Koklanaris, Maria, "DynCorp Acquires Local Firm in Bid to Diversify; Company Seeks to Cut Pentagon Dependence," The Washington Post, May 6, 1991, p. F6.
 McCarthy, Ellen, "Calif. Firm Confirms Plan to Buy DynCorp Unit," The Washington Post, October 5, 2001.
 Mintz, John, "FBI Probes DynCorp on Fort Belvoir Work," The Washington Post, January 11, 1994, p. D2.
 Southerland, Daniel, "DynCorp Unit Picked to Run U.S. Oil Reserve," The Washington Post, November 24, 1992, p. D1.
 Sugawara, Sandra, "DynCorp Wins Big Energy Job," The Washington Post, April 23, 1994, p. C1.

Other sources
 BW Staff, "A New Push for Coal-to-Oil Technology," Business Week, November 7, 1977.
 BW Staff, "Dynalectron: Determined That Synfuels Will Fuel the Company's Growth," Business Week, June 28, 1982, p. 130.
 Celarier, Michelle, "Catch-23: Private Industries Bidding Against Government Entities for Pentagon Contracts Often Face Obstacles and Lose Money," CFO: The Magazine for Senior Financial Executives, June 1998, pp. 50–58.
 Deflem, Mathieu, and Suzanne Sutphin. 2006. "Policing Post-War Iraq: Insurgency, Civilian Police, and the Reconstruction of Society." Sociological Focus 39(4):265-283.
 Kady, Martin, II, "DynCorp Rallies the Troops to Keep Up with the Demand," Washington Business Journal, October 26, 2001.
 Lemke, Tim, "DynCorp Could Gain More Business from Defense," The Washington Times, September 24, 2001, p. D5.
 McCance, McGregor, "Initiative Helps Keep Computing Systems Updated in Virginia," Richmond Times-Dispatch, July 21, 2001.
 Wakeman, Nick, "DynCorp Revs Up 'Horsepower' in Gov't Market," Washington Technology, April 2, 2001, p. 1.
 Wreden, Nick, "Unblinking Customer Focus," VAR Business, July 6, 1998, p. 69.

Cerberus Capital Management companies
Business services companies established in 1946
1946 establishments in California
American mercenaries
Private military contractors
Security companies of the United States
Security consulting firms
Service companies of the United States
Defense companies of the United States
Iraq War
Transport companies established in 1946
Companies based in McLean, Virginia
2003 mergers and acquisitions
2006 initial public offerings
2010 mergers and acquisitions


She'll do anything you want.. [img]tongue.gif[/img] Well, almost anything.
Yeah, I've ordered a pint of Guiness from that bar many a time!
I'm gonna try it once more, if she drinks from my beer again, i'll kill her.
That's enough to drive a man to "virtual" drinking!
..guess it could be worse..


text:
Chasing Shadows… Early Review
Posted on 8th June 2019 by 365FlicksH
British Noir Crime Thriller Chasing Shadows Coming Soon
After having Secured World Wide Distribution…
The more I dive into what the British Independent movie world has to offer, the more gems I come across. A lot can be said for a movie that has a lower budget than my yearly wage. No they wont be all singing and all dancing like the latest Marvel movie but it means a director has to sharpen his skill set and use EVERYTHING they have, cast accordingly and chase their vision. I personally have a special place in my movie vault heart for Independents and when I see 'Feature Film Debut', well that's a double tick.
With all this said its no surprise that when I crossed paths with Chasing Shadows a British writer/director feature film debut, your damn right i'm gonna check it out. Add in the fact that while this flick was still in post production Director Aoun Khan managed to take a teaser trailer to Cannes and secure World Wide Distribution, secure a limited cinema release followed by a DVD and VOD release… Which let me tell you is most impressive. How does the flick measure up though?.
First up here is the trailer…
We kick off this British noir crime thriller with Henry (Cengiz Dervis) a former detective whose life seems to be on the ropes, battling with his addiction to pain killers and trying to keep his marriage together. Henry is called in to help the police in his hometown when the bodies of young women start showing up and he is embroiled in a dangerous game of cat and mouse with a brutal serial killer. Life is about to really spiral out of control as he is being pressured to solve the case, trying to keep the peace with his missus and dealing with colleagues that frankly don't want him anywhere near this case.
As I mentioned up top when you don't necessarily have the biggest budget ever, you best make sure you cast as best you possibly can because if the script and the performances are solid that is where your movie will live and this movie lives in its performances. Cengiz Dervis is great in the lead as Henry and plays the disjointed addiction addled broken detective superbly, Playing off Julie Rose Smith as his long suffering yet doting wife Lyla in a partnership that feels as natural as it is strained. Shout out to Lloyd Sparsi as Max who I personally feel steals the flick with an intense performance in a role he was able to sink his teeth into. Rounding out the cast we have solid performances from Faye Sewell, Kevin Golding and the always dependable Alex Reece.
Aoun Khan has done a fantastic job with his first feature film Chasing Shadows. Is it perfect? No but then show me a movie that is. However he has written a solid script with a compelling story. The cast are all great and visually It stands up against any other flick. Khans direction is on point including some wonderful shots that make you sit back, one in particular drone shot springs to mind. Making this guy one to watch out for.
For me this is a recommend, there is a lot to enjoy and be engaged by in Chasing Shadows, A Brit crime noir Thriller that does everything it sets out to do. There are issues in places but all are forgivable considering what has been done with what the cast and crew have. Seek out this movie and give it your time.
Alex Reece, Aoun Khan, Chasing Shadows, Julie Rose Smith, Lloyd Sparsi
Benjamin from Simon Amstell – on Digital Monday
FOR THE LOVE OF FANTASY 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sorry, Gadgettes fans. We had to cancel last week's show at the last minute. I should have updated the blog to let you know why you wouldn't see a new episode and I completely spaced it until now.
Don't worry. We're back to work this Thursday with another new episode. We still love you, we really do. It's not you. It's us.


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The Federal Reserve is poised Wednesday to raise its key interest rate for the fourth time this year.
Amid brisk economic expansion after a decade of steady job growth, USA unemployment is flirting with a 50-year low, but the U.S. economy is expected to slow.
The Fed's Federal Open Market Committee, the body which sets interest rate policy, will announce its decision at 2 p.m. Wednesday. That hike would keep rates low by historical standards but put them at the highest level in a decade.
Trump's tweets about monetary policy have intensified as US stocks tumble amid signs the world's largest economy may be moderating. Also, don't let the market become any more illiquid than it already is.
Against this backdrop, observers are closely watching whether the central bank will slow down the pace, following eight rate hikes since 2015, when it ended the unusual zero percent rate policy.
But investors believe there is a chance the recent market turbulence could force the Fed to scale back its plans for three further rate rises next year.
Behind the Fed's shifting policy is a global slowdown, a U.S.
Mr. Trump renewed his criticism of the central bank Tuesday, urging Fed officials to read an op-ed in the Wall Street Journal calling for a pause in interest-rate hikes.
"Russia and China are playing the Currency Devaluation game as the USA keeps raising interest rates. We also know that moving too slowly keeping interest rates too low for too long - could risk other distortions in the form of higher inflation or destabilizing financial imbalances", Powell said November 28.
There is a strong rationale for the Fed to raise rates in December, with further hikes in 2019 looking less likely as trade tensions between the U.S. and China continue to heat up amid a global economy that is showing significant signs of cooling down. The Fed says it is raising rates to return them to a more normal setting and avoid the type of boom-and-bust economy that ended in past recessions.
"The only argument I'm hearing for the Fed to raise rates now is somehow they have to exert their independence", he said.
Powell himself could provide clarity in his news conference if he indicates where he thinks the "neutral rate" is.
On July 20, Trump told CNBC that he was "not happy" about the Federal Reserve raising interest rates.
Trump's combative trade moves against China and other countries have escalated fears that the higher tariffs the United States has imposed and retaliatory tariffs from USA trading partners will depress growth in the United States and other major economies.
Trump's comments come after this weekend's Wall Street Journal opinion piece from investor Stan Druckenmiller and former Fed Governor Kevin Warsh. But while economists don't like Trump's Fed bashing, there are some who are starting to agree with the president that it's time for the Fed to hit pause on the rate hikes.
Then, on November 30, the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine prohibited Russian men aged 16-60 from entering Russia. He was speaking at a special council of orthodox priests in Kiev, where a new leader of the church was selected.
He concluded it is "impermissible under the Interstate Commerce Clause-meaning the Individual Mandate is unconstitutional ". Meanwhile, America's health care industry has expressed trepidation about what's likely to be a very uncertain road ahead.
This mission served as a redemption of the past failure, as well as a statement of success and ambition from Virgin Galactic. The test flight started at 10 AM local time, and it was all over by 11:15 AM when VSS Unity landed on its Mojave airstrip.
Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts had cited that power in his decision to cast the deciding vote to uphold the law. He did not, however, issue an injunction, meaning the law can continue to be applied as the appeal process continues.
A number of people have also been reported as missing, while others have been rushed to a nearby hospital, BNO News said. The explosion occurred at around 8:30 p.m.in Toyohira Ward, resulting in a fire that was extinguished at 2:10 a.m.
Yet overall sales of American cars in China -- including those made in China - are down only about 1% so far this year. Both countries committed also to normalize the relations and end the trade war between them.
Hours later shooting stars are set to flash across the sky as Earth passes through the tail of the 3200 Phaethon asteroid. That's not because there are more at that time , but because by midnight you will be firmly on the night-side of Earth.
It means the offseason is likely the time to separate from Mourinho, who will then have a year left on his deal. Louis van Gaal was sacked at the end of the season, after winning the FA Cup.
They can either choose to fight for America's working class or to promote illegal immigration. "You can't do both". Lawmakers involved in funding negotiations suggested the first move would have to come from Trump's team.
Zinke's departure comes after a tumultuous two years at the department, marked by mounting allegations of misconduct in office. Trump tweets that Zinke "accomplished much during his tenure" and that a replacement would be announced next week.
Rocky Fielding said he "dared to be great" and vowed to bounce back from defeat by Saul "Canelo" Alvarez . Both fighters first fight end to a controversial draw previous year .
Odegard said she expressed concerns to her daughter about the man's mental health - but her daughter "wouldn't listen to me". Pryor, who studies at the University of Wisconsin, said Papenheim was a special person who tried to help everyone she could.
Farms in Santa Barbara County tested positive for the bacterial strain and the owners are co-operating with US officials. Family Farms, was one of eight farms on the Central Coast the organization is investigating in regards to the outbreak.
When the project was announced in 2012, Marshall said Rodman asked her to do it. "Here, I can't watch them lose anymore". Rosie O'Donnell, who starred in Marshall's 1992 film "A League of Their Own ", expressed her devastation on Twitter.
Tried his best to get forward whenever he got the chance but there were very few opportunities. We meet them on January 3 and then we will think about them". "He's not got any better".


Answer: In the Bible, Paul says we should obey the authorities. His words were as follows: "Let every soul be subject to the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. Whoever therefore resists the power, resists the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation" (Rom 13:1-2). Because of Paul's words, many people who believe in the Lord think that the ruling authority has been ordained by God. Thus, obeying the ruling regime is obeying God. Some people even think that no matter how the authorities prevent and restrict people from believing in God, they should be obeyed. They also say that resisting the government is resisting God. Are these views really correct? Are they really in accordance with God's will? Then what should we really think about this matter? Actually, from the Age of Law to the Age of Grace, God never said that man should obey the ruling regimes. Let's just take the Age of Law for example. The Egyptian Pharaoh, the sworn enemy of the Israelites, was a ruler, How did God treat him? He prevented the Israelites from leaving Egypt, and God sent disasters down on him. If he hadn't let the Israelites go after that, God would have destroyed him. When the Egyptian army was chasing the Israelites, the Red Sea opened up. Then the Egyptian soldiers that chased the Israelites were destroyed; they drowned in the sea. In the Age of Law, all devilish rulers who resisted God were destroyed by Him in the end. Now let's look at the Age of Grace. Why didn't the Lord Jesus go to the synagogue to preach? Why did the Lord Jesus preach in the wilderness and among the common people? Because the ruling regime and the religious leaders were resisting God. They all took the Lord as their enemy. This is why the Lord Jesus could only preach in the wilderness and among the common people. If the Lord Jesus' disciples had obeyed the authorities, could they have continued to follow Him? Could they have still earned His praise? They couldn't have done that either! From this, everyone who truly believes in the Lord should be able to tell how we should treat the CCP in accordance with God's will. If someone has believed in the Lord for so many years, yet still cannot see that the ruling regime is God's enemy, then does that person really understand the Bible? Do they really know the Lord? Many people do not discriminate. They cannot see through this thing. Because they read Paul's words in the Bible, they don't know what to do. Some people even think that obeying the ruling regime is obeying the Lord, and that those who rebel against the government rebel against the ordinance of God, they are just asking for punishment. Isn't this opinion really really wrong? Isn't it a serious misunderstanding and resistance of God? This is a misguided view that deceives and harms people! We all know, the CCP is an atheistic party. The CCP is in power and that means Satan is in power. The CCP sees God as the enemy. As soon as they see Christ appear and do His work, they will send out the armed forces and never withdraw until the work of Christ is completely eradicated. They'll never stop until they crucify Christ! Ever since the CCP came to power, they've been publicly denying God, condemning and blaspheming God. They have labeled Christianity as heterodoxy and the Bible a heterodox book; they confiscate it and burn it! They have declared religious groups as heterodox organizations and subjected them to oppression and persecution. Especially when it comes to those Christians who believe in the true God, and bear witness to Him, the CCP is always fanatically suppressing, capturing and persecuting them. They carry out inhuman tortures and inflict savage harm. It really is ruthless, unwarranted killing!
During these years of the CCP's rule, they have rebelled against God and persecuted His chosen. Haven't they committed a litany of sins? The CCP government uses all kinds of methods to hurt and kill countless Christians! Have they not brought disaster upon countless Christian households? According to these facts, we can confirm that the CCP government is the most evil satanic regime in the world. It is a group of devils that rebel against God. So we reject them and turn our backs on them. Is this not acting in accordance with God's will? Actually, the Lord Jesus revealed this to us long ago. "This is an evil generation" (Luk 11:29). "And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil" (Jhn 3:19). The Bible also says, "The whole world lies in wickedness" (1Jhn 5:19). The Lord Jesus got to the heart of the matter and revealed the true state and source of this world's evil and darkness. All of humanity lives under Satan's influence. There is no space for God or the truth to exist. In the religious communities, no one dares to publicly bear witness to God's incarnation in the church. There definitely aren't any people that will dare testify in the church or in public about the truth that Christ expresses. If anyone in any denomination is found to be testifying about the incarnate Christ, they will be condemned. They will be driven out of the church or maybe even handed over to the government. Isn't this humanity as evil as you can get? Every corner of the earth is filled with the sounds of denying God, denying the truth or condemning Christ. Isn't this because this world has been ruled by those evil satanic forces that resist God? Think back to 2000 years ago, when the Lord Jesus incarnate was born, He was hunted by the Roman government. When the Lord Jesus preached and did His work, He was crucified on the cross by an alliance of Jewish leaders and Roman officials. When the Lord Jesus' gospel came to China, it was met with fanatical condemnation and resistance by the Chinese government. There is no telling how many missionaries were afflicted or slaughtered. Since the CCP took over, the number of Christians that have been captured or killed is even harder to count. What does this all prove? Why does the CCP hate believers so much? Why have Christians been persecuted so much throughout history? Why are humans always rejecting and condemning the truth? Why can't the will of God be carried out on the earth and throughout the countries of the world? Because Satan is controlling humanity. Because the whole world lies under Satan's domain. Because the earth is ruled by Satan's evil forces and atheistic regimes that resist God! In particular, the CCP regime is a typical representative of Satan's evil forces. That's the reason that humanity is filled with evil and darkness. Isn't this a commonly accepted fact? However, some people still follow Paul's words, "Let every soul be subject to the higher powers." They think that obeying those in authority is obeying God. Then, I ask you: The evil CCP restricts and prevents us from believing in or worshiping God; do we have to obey them too? The CCP captures and persecutes Christians; it forces us to sign declarations of repentance; it forces us to deny God, reject God, and betray God. It even compels Christians to curse God and blaspheme God. Can we obey a regime that engages in those activities? The CCP forbids us from evangelizing and testifying to God, forces us to sell out the Lord and our church, and compels us to serve as their accomplices and running dogs; should we obey them? If we obey the devilish CCP, then aren't we standing on Satan's side, resisting and betraying God? now let's look at what Paul said, "Let every soul be subject to the higher powers." Can we put these words into practice? Are they in line with truth? Especially Paul said, "Whoever therefore resists the power, resists the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation" (Rom 13:2). Now, looking at Paul's words, it's clear there are problems with them; they are very questionable! Could it be that Paul can't see through the age of evil and darkness? Paul was once arrested and incarcerated for spreading the gospel. According to logic, he should have greater insight into the evil substance of satanic regime than we do. However, those words that Paul said really boggle the mind!
We should all know that God allows Satan to corrupt humanity and rule on earth. This is all part of God's wisdom and planning. The main purpose of God saving humanity is to defeat Satan, and transform those who have been corrupted by Satan into those who obey and worship God. This is the way to totally defeat and humiliate Satan, and eventually seal its fate. Therefore, God allows Satan to rule on earth and corrupt mankind. God wants to let humans discern Satan for themselves; He wants them to see Satan's essence. God wants mankind to hate and forsake Satan, and God never said that man should obey Satan. Furthermore, He definitely never said that rebelling against the satanic regime is asking for punishment. According to Paul's point of view, those saints that were persecuted and hunted by satanic regimes or even martyred for the Lord were asking for it because they rebelled against the ruling authority? Really? The saints did time in prison. Isn't that a beautiful, resounding testimony to the Lord? However, according to Paul's words, the persecution and slaughter of these saints throughout the ages did not constitute shining testimony to the Lord; they were asking for punishment because they rebelled against those in authority. In the same way, Paul himself was jailed for spreading the gospel. Is that not futile? Then why did Paul use his suffering as testimony when he talked to others? Isn't there an inherent contradiction here? We believe in the Lord, spread and witness the gospel of the Lord, this is a mandate from Heaven. But satanic governments stop at nothing to persecute Christians. They resist the spreading of the gospel and the carrying out of God's will. This fully exposes their devilish substance: They hate the truth and are enemies of God. People are cruelly persecuted by satanic regimes because they adhere to the true way and spread the Lord's gospel. That is what it means to be persecuted for righteousness and is most approved by the Lord. How can we say they're asking for punishment? The Lord Jesus made it very clear when He once stated, "Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness' sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" (Mat 5:10). Did Paul not know about what the Lord Jesus said? As you can see, Paul's words obviously contradict those of the Lord Jesus! Therefore, what Paul said is not at all in line with what the Lord Jesus said. It does not conform to the truth. We cannot use it to guide our behavior. We were created by God; we belong to God. We should always listen to God's words and obey His authority, no matter what. This is righteous and just!
Previous:Question 6: The CCP is an atheist party, a demonic group that is most hostile to God and the truth. The demon is the personification of Satan. The reincarnation of Satan and evil spirits is demon, the sworn enemy of God. Therefore, when God appears in the flesh and works in China in the last days, the insane suppression and persecution He encounters from the CCP government, it is inevitable. But the majority of the pastors and elders in the religious community are servants of God who are familiar with the Bible. Not only do they not seek and study Almighty God's work in the last days, they judge, condemn and frantically resist instead. This is incredible! It is not surprising that the CCP government condemns God's work. Why do the religious pastors and elders resist and condemn God's work too?
Next:Question 2: The elders and pastors found out you've been witnessing Almighty God to us. They've been going around spreading heresies and lies and condemning Almighty God. They sealed off the church and have started harassing and stopping our brothers and sisters that try to hear your sermons. They see us as the thorns in their eyes, the most hated of all. They're also saying that all those that accept Almighty God will be expelled from the church. The church has clearly split into two factions. Some of the brothers and sisters want to study the true way with us. Others are following the pastors and elders in resisting and condemning the Eastern Lightning. They also treat us as their enemies. Why has the church changed that much in just a few days?


While there have been conflicting reports over the years about how much alcohol someone could drink and maintain good health, a recent study pores cold water on that: No alcohol is good for you, it says.
That could be an eye-opener for a lot of people. At least one third of the people around the world drink alcohol at some time, for social events, or celebrations, or part of a dining experience, whether having beer or wine or liquor.
The latest study in Lancet says there is growing evidence that people should not drink alcohol at all because it is unhealthy. Alcohol contributes to 2.8 million deaths a year worldwide, and is the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 in 2016, the study says.
The study contradicts previous reports, even touted by major U.S. organizations, in which public officials said moderate drinking, such as having two per day for men, or one for women, would be ok. Such advice is included in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and supported by the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans also do not recommend that individuals who do not drink alcohol start drinking for any reason.
For women, low-risk drinking is defined as no more than 3 drinks on any single day and no more than seven drinks per week, according to the U.S. government. For men, it is defined as no more than four drinks on any single day, and no more than 14 drinks per week.
The latest Lancet study about drinking not only upsets many habits but millions of dollars in industry. The analysis included those of hundreds of studies about drinking from 1990 to 2016.
According to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 86.4 percent of people ages 18 or older reported that they drank alcohol at some point in their lifetime: 70.1 percent reported that they drank in the past year; 56 percent reported that they drank in the past month.
An estimated 88,000 people die from alcohol-related causes annually, making alcohol the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States. The first is tobacco, and the second is poor diet and physical inactivity, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
The deaths stem from alcohol-related cancer and cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, intentional injury such as violence and self-harm and traffic accidents and other unintentional injuries such as drowning and fires. Alcohol consumption is also associated with a variety of short and long term health risks, including motor vehicle crashes, violence, sexual risk behaviors, high blood pressure and various cancers. The risk of harm increases as the amount of alcohol you drink, researchers say.
Among the reports for years that said moderate drinking was OK, included studies that said alcohol could even protect against heart disease, but the latest study shows that it is outweighed by the problems it causes.
"The most surprising finding was that even small amounts of alcohol use contribute to health issues globally. We're used to hearing that a drink or two a day is fine, but the evidence is evidence," says senior study author Emmanuela Gakidou, professor of the University of Washington Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.
Due to their population sizes, China, India and Russia led the world in total number of alcohol related deaths in men and women. The U.S. ranked fifth among men and seven among women on that list, the UK ranked 21st for men and ninth for women.
For too many people in the U.S., they don't drink moderate amounts of alcohol, but simply drink too much. A separate Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study shows increased health problems such as injuries, violence, liver diseases and cancer, are linked to "binge" drinking.
Binge drinking means having five or more drinks on an occasion for men, and four or more drinks on an occasion for women, during a two-hour period. CDC researchers found that one in six or 37 million people adults binge drink about once a week, consuming an average of seven drinks per binge.
In a March study, U.S adults consumed more than 17 billion binge drinks in 2015 or about 470 binge drinks per drinker, according to the CDC.
"This study shows that binge drinkers are consuming a huge number of drinks per year, greatly increasing their chances of harming themselves and others," said Study coauthor Robert Brewer, MD, MSPH, lead researcher in CDCs alcohol program.
About two-thirds of people – 66.6 percent – age 12 and older reported in 2014 that they drank alcohol within the past 12 months, with 6.4 percent meeting the criteria for an alcohol use disorder, according to SAMSHA's National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) – 2014.
The National Academies of Sciences: "Unacceptable" Food Waste in U.S.
In millions of households, restaurants and other locations across the United States, food is discarded, lost or wasted.
Elsewhere in the country, about one in eight people struggle with hunger and simply want something to eat, even though the world is producing enough food.
The dichotomy is great. The National Academies of Sciences states that more than one third of the food produced in the U.S. is unconsumed – an "unacceptable loss of food and nutrients" at a time of heightened global food demand. That one-third amount of food lost or wasted applies to the world as well.
There are fruits and vegetables, plus roots and tubers, seeds, meat and root crops wasted or lost. And that doesn't just occur from kitchen to trash. The problem "extends throughout the supply chain, from the initial agricultural production to final household consumption," and amounts to 1.3 billion tons a year, says Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
There's a difference between food loss and food waste. According to the FAO, bananas that fall off a truck, for instance, is considered food loss. But if a food is fit for human consumption but is not eaten, that's waste.
Those food losses and waste are among the growing food challenges, never mind the obstacles to get food at all: weather, floods, and drought.
But the NAS is looking beyond the natural into the intellectual space: the need for greater advances that uses data sciences, technology, behavioral sciences, and economics, it says.
The NAS identifies what it calls the most promising scientific breakthroughs that are possible to achieve by 2030 that, it said, would increase U.S. food and agricultural industry's sustainability, competitiveness and resilience.
NAS envisions and calls for scenarios in which soil and crop sensors could provide continuous data that feed and alert a farmer about moisture content not only for an area but for a specific group of plants, "eliminating the need" to irrigate an entire field. It foresees gene editing to accelerate breeding in microbes, plants and animals, or crops that could be effectively modified to improve taste and nutritional value. Gene editing refers to a technique in which researchers can control traits of certain plants by removing some DNA.
The country, and the world, has no choice but to promptly re-examine and step up its innovations to maintain a food supply, as NAS sees it.
"In the coming decade, the stresses on the U.S. food agricultural enterprise won't be solved by business as usual – either in the field or in our current research efforts," said Susan Wessler, Neil and Rochelle Campbell Presidential Chair for Innovations in Science Education, and co-chair of the committee that conducted the study and wrote the recent report.
The NAS says developing highly sensitive, field deployable sensors and biosensors will enable rapid detection and monitoring capabilities across various food and agricultural disciplines.
Applying integrated data sciences, software tools and system models will enable advanced analytics for managing the food and agricultural system, the NAS says. NAS officials call for establishing an initiative to exploit the use of genomics and precision breeding to genetically improve traits of agriculturally important organisms.
"Understanding the relevance of the microbiome to agriculture and harnessing the knowledge will improve crop production, transform feed efficiency and increase resilience to stress and disease," the NAS says. Microbiome refers to the micro-organisms in the living environment.
Through gene editing, and other techniques, steps can be made to thwart some of the food loss and waste.
"Incorporating essential micronutrients or other quality-related traits in crops through gene-editing tools offers an opportunity to increase food quality and shelf life, enhance nutrition and decrease food loss and food waste," says NAS's pre-publication report.
While there have been advances in agriculture techniques and through technology, much more needs to be done, NAS says.
Evolving sensing technology also is important and not quite where it should be right now, it says. Sensing technology refers to the practice of using a device to measure different environmental elements, ranging from heat to motion to light.
"Sensing technology has been used widely in food and agriculture to provide point measurements for a characteristic of interest, such as temperature, but the ability to continuously monitor several characteristics at once is the key to understanding both what is happening in the target system and how it is occurring," according to the report.
The group concedes that it may be necessary for significant public and private investment to accomplish the plans.


text:
Anzac Girls
Arriving in Egypt to serve in World War I, a group of idealistic young Australian and New Zealand nurses are full of romantic notions. All too soon, however, they are faced with convoys of the dead and wounded from the doomed Gallipoli campaign. Realizing that war is not quite the splendid adventure they thought it would be, they rise to meet the challenge, finding love, heartbreak, and lasting friendship along the way. Based on the book by Peter Rees and drawing on the real nurses' letters, original journals, and historical records, this acclaimed Australian miniseries follows five unsung heroines through the traumatic war years. A beautifully shot, multilayered drama (The Sunday Telegraph, Australia), it brings these little-known stories vividly to life (The Daily Telegraph, Australia). Georgia Flood, Caroline Craig, Anna McGahan, Antonia Prebble, and Laura Brent head an ensemble cast of more than 1,200 actors and extras in this breathtaking and stirring production.
Title: Anzac Girls
Genre: TV Drama
Catalog #: 2295
Studio: Acorn Media
Georgia Flood
Antonia Prebble
Caroline Craig
Laura Brent
Anna McGahan
Todd Lasance
Charles Mayer
Honey Debelle


text:
The North Jersey Interscholastic Conference, or NJIC, is a high school athletic conference located in New Jersey.  It is one of the so-called "super conferences" created by the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA) as a part of a realignment of high school sports leagues in North and Central New Jersey announced in 2009. The conference is composed of small-enrollment schools.

A total of 36 public and private high schools are part of the NJIC.  Most of the schools are located in Bergen County (27), with the rest in Passaic County (6) and Hudson County (3). Butler High School, in Morris County, was added starting in the 2018–19 school year.

Formation

Increasing conflict over competitive imbalance in New Jersey high school sports leagues led to the formation of a committee to study the issue in 2008.  The group proposed to disband the 11 athletic conferences in the northern part of the state and create six larger "super conferences".

After a lengthy series of meetings and revisions, final implementation of the plan took place with the start of the 2010–11 school year. In the northeast corner of New Jersey, two super conferences emerged:  the Big North Conference for larger schools and the NJIC for smaller schools.

All NJIC schools were previously associated with four previous conferences: The Bergen County Scholastic League National / Olympic, the Bergen County Scholastic League / American, the Bergen-Passaic Scholastic League, and the North Bergen Interscholastic Athletic League. All of the BCSL  National/Olympic and B-PSL members joined the NJIC. Rutherford HS was the only BCSL American Division School to enter the NJIC. Pascack Hills was the only NBIAL school to enter the NJIC.Paterson Catholic High School(a member of the B-PSL) closed in the spring of 2010 and therefore never joined the NJIC.

Pascack Hills High School was a member of the BCSL National/Olympic for football only; it was part of the North Bergen Interscholastic Athletic League for all other sports and was the only NBIAL school to join the NJIC. The school petitioned the NJIC to join the Big North for the 2011-12school year, was granted permission by the NJIC, and this conference switch was then approved by the Big North and the NJSIAA.

Three other schools—Hawthorne Christian, Mary Help of Christians and Saddle River Day—had been independent prior to the start of the realignment process. Hawthorne Christian and Saddle River Day were placed in the BCSL National/Olympic and Mary Help of Christians Academy was placed in the B-PSL as a transitional step before the NJIC began play.

The North Jersey Interscholastic Conference is a registered New Jersey Non-Profit Corporation.

Member schools

Bergen County public schools

Bergen County non-public schools

Hudson County Public Schools

Morris County public schools

Passaic County public schools

Passaic County Non-Public Schools

Sports offered

Fall sports

 Cross Country
 Football
 Soccer
 Tennis (Girls)
 Volleyball (Girls)

Winter sports

 Basketball
 Bowling
 Swimming
 Track & Field
 Wrestling

Spring sports

 Baseball
 Golf
 Softball
 Tennis (Boys)
 Track & Field

Conference Divisions
The NJIC is divided into four divisions, largely along geographic and enrollment lines. Divisional alignments are reviewed every 2-year scheduling cycle by the conference. Because not all conference members participate in bowling, cross-country, football, golf, tennis and wrestling, different divisional alignments exist for those sports. Football and wrestling are sports specific and do not fall into the traditional divisional alignments.

Colonial Division
Elmwood Park
Garfield
Glen Rock
Lodi
Rutherford
Eastern Christian
Hawthorne
Manchester
Pompton Lakes
Mary Help of Christians

Meadowlands Division
Becton
Hasbrouck Heights
Immaculate Conception
North Arlington
Saddle Brook
St. Mary
Wallington
Weehawken
Wood-Ridge

Liberty Division
Dwight Englewood
Harrison
Leonia
Lyndhurst
New Milford
Ridgefield
Secaucus
Queen of Peace

Patriot Division
Bogota
Cresskill
Emerson
Hawthorne Christian
Midland Park
Palisades Park
Park Ridge
Saddle River Day
Waldwick

References

External links
 Conference website NJICathletics.org

New Jersey high school athletic conferences


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text:
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  (function ($__global) {
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});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Scarce and rare birds in December 2018
By Giles Pepler
Compiled for WOS by Robin Sandham. Species in BOLD ITALIC CAPITALS are BBRC rarities and species in BOLD CAPITALS are Welsh Records Panel rarities.
An AMERICAN ROYAL TERN was discovered at Traeth Dulas (Anglesey) on 10th and frequented there or nearby Traeth Lligwy for the next couple of days. It then appeared on the Gann Estuary in Pembrokeshire on 22nd but departed south and ended up on the Scilly Isles. The bird was ringed and is thought to be the same individual that frequented the Channel Islands from February 2017-August 2018 with a brief visit to the south coast at Pagham Harbour in June 2018.
The queen KING EIDER was still at Ynyslas throughout the month. Anglesey's first LESSER SCAUP remained at Llyn Llygeirian over 9th -31st , having been present since 20th October. The Smew was again on the River Usk (Gwent) on 13th -17th. A FERRUGINOUS DUCK was at Llan Bwch Llyn Lake (Powys) from 4th-26th. The Black-necked Grebe remained in Cardiff Bay throughout.
A RING-BILLED GULL was at Llys-y-Fran Reservoir (Pembrokeshire) from 9th-26th and a CASPIAN GULL was at Bettws (Gwent) over 14th-18th.
CATTLE EGRETS were again numerous, and on course to come off the Welsh rarity list this year. They were reported at St. Dogmaels (Pembrokeshire) over 1st-27th and 4 were at Porthcawl on 31st.
Black Redstarts were numerous, with birds at NWR on 4th, Kinmel Bay from 3rd-31st, Kidwelly (Carmarthen) on 16th, Bury Port (Carmarthen) on 20th, NWR again on 24th, Gileston (Glamorgan) from 25th-27th, Point Lynas (Anglesey) on 28th, East and West Aberthaw on 28th and New Quay (Pembrokeshire) on 29th. A SIBERIAN CHIFFCHAFF was at Parc Slip (Glamorgan) on 29th-31st.
The ROSY STARLING was stillin Craig-y-Don, Llandudno (Caernarfon) on 13th (present since 30th October). An unseasonal Common Quail was seen at Llanon (Ceredigion) on 27th and a Snow Bunting was near the summit of Cadair Idris (Meirionnydd) on 26th. Great-Grey Shrikes were at Bwlch-y-Sarnau on 1st, Llyn Brenig (Denbighshire) on 18th and Cwm Cadlan (Glamorgan) on 31st.
AMERICAN ROYAL TERN, anglesey, Caspian Gull, Ceredigion, Ferruginous Duck, Glamorgan, Gwent, King Eider, Llandudno, Meirionnydd, Pembrokeshire, Powys, Quail, Ring-billed Gull, Rosy Starling, Siberian Chiffchaff, Snow Bunting
PrevPreviousScarce sightings in February 2019
NextScarce and rare birds in Wales – January to March 2018Next


text:
SEBI SURVEILLANCE TILL MAY 28
Home » SEBI SURVEILLANCE TILL MAY 28
GS-3 Indian Economy
GS 3, Indian Economy
The tightened surveillance measures for stock markets, introduced on March 23 for a period of one month, have been extended until May 28.
In a statement on 21st April, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) said the stock markets are expected to remain volatile in the near future on account of COVID-19 pandemic and hence, the measures had to be extended.
As the stock markets (both domestic and global) are expected to be volatile in the near future owing to concerns relating to COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant fear of economic slowdown, keeping in view the objective of ensuring orderly trading and settlement, effective risk management, price discovery and maintenance of market integrity, it has been decided that the measures implemented since March 23, 2020 will continue to be in force till May 28, 2020
On March 20, the capital markets regulator SEBI, announced an increase in margins in the cash segment while tightening the norms for position limits in the derivatives market as volatility continued to surge.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator of the securities and commodity market in India owned by the Government of India.
SEBI was established in 1988 and given Statutory Powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.
The SEBI is managed by its members, which consists of the following:
The chairman is nominated by the Union Government of India.
Two members, i.e., Officers from the Union Finance Ministry.
One member from the Reserve Bank of India.
The remaining five members are nominated by the Union Government of India, out of them at least three shall be whole-time members.
SEBI has to be responsive to the needs of three groups, which constitute the market:
issuers of securities
market intermediaries
SEBI has three functions rolled into one body: quasi-legislative, quasi-judicial and quasi-executive.
It drafts regulations in its legislative capacity.
It conducts investigation and enforcement action in its executive function.
It passes rulings and orders in its judicial capacity.
Though this makes it very powerful, there is an appeal process to create accountability.
There is a Securities Appellate Tribunal which is a three-member tribunal.
A second appeal lies directly to the Supreme Court.
Powers of SEBI
For the discharge of its functions efficiently, SEBI has been vested with the following powers:
to approve by−laws of Securities exchanges.
to require the Securities exchange to amend their by−laws.
inspect the books of accounts and call for periodical returns from recognised Securities exchanges.
inspect the books of accounts of financial intermediaries.
compel certain companies to list their shares in one or more Securities exchanges.
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text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <title>Example 11.01 - Effect composings</title>


text:
Ezekiel 16:4: לֹא הֻמְלַחַתְּ — what practice does this describe?
Ezekiel 16:4 seems to be describing practices performed on an infant or young child. But, what practice does לֹא הֻמְלַחַתְּ refer to? Do any rabbis explain the meaning?
parshanut-torah-comment ezekiel--the-book
H3br3wHamm3r81, I've been looking at your profile and I hope you don't mind me asking: Why did you decide to ask this on Jusaism.SE instead of Hermeneutics.SE or even Christianity.SE (which would seem to be more your comfort zone)? – jake Mar 22 '13 at 21:08
@jake: Because I don't think either of those SE sites can answer the question, "Do any rabbis explain the meaning?" better than Judaism.SE. :) – user2088 Mar 22 '13 at 21:10
What I meant was, why did you want to know what rabbis say about it over whatever sources you can be provided with at Hermeneutics or Christianity? Did you think this was referring to some sort of specifically Jewish practice? – jake Mar 22 '13 at 21:12
@jake: Well, Christianity.SE wasn't an option no matter what, because it's not a question one would ask there (i.e., it's not related to Christian doctrine, per se). I think it obviously refers to a Jewish practice. A Jew (Ezekiel) wrote about it, and the implication of the particular pasuk is that it was a common practice during that time. So, yes, Jewish practice indeed. I know of no Christian sources that have ever mentioned Christians practicing that. Now, I suppose I could have asked on BH.SE, but, I don't think the answers would have been as plentiful. It's kind of a judgment thing. – user2088 Mar 22 '13 at 21:18
See now a related question on this verse at Hermeneutics.SE. – Dɑvïd Dec 16 '14 at 8:20
Rashi implies that the practice was to salt the infant to strengthen its flesh. (See also Malbim.)
According to Abarbanel, the salt was added in the water to strengthen the infant's body, but also (it seems) for extra hydration.
Apparently, salting newborns was an ancient practice that was also recommended by Soranus of Ephesus. From here:
Soranus recommends that the midwife sprinkle the infant with a moderate amount of "fine and powdery salt, or natron or aphronitre." All these chemicals are mildly astringent and were recommended primarily for their ability to cut through the residue of amniotic fluid, vermix, and placenta on the newborn's skin and also to make the skin less prone to develop rashes; however, astringents would also tend to make the baby's skin dry out and flake or crack. Soranus suggests mixing the salt with honey, olive oil, or the juice of barley, fenugreek, or mallow so the granules are less likely to abrade the baby's delicate skin. The emulsion is to be washed away with warm water and the process repeated a second time.
However, according to Abraham Benisch (quoting Ben-Zeev), the root "מלח" in this case does not mean "salt", but rather "swaddle" or something similar, and this is a parallelism with the next phrase "וְהָחְתֵּל לֹא חֻתָּלְתְּ". Compare to Jer. 38:11: "בְלוֹיֵ מְלָחִים" - "worn rags". (He also compares to "מַלָח" - "sailor/seafarer", but I don't understand the comparison he makes.)
jakejake
Do we have any evidence of this practice in contemporary historical sources? – Double AA♦ Mar 21 '13 at 21:52
@DoubleAA, Found this and this with Google. I'll edit something into the answer. – jake Mar 21 '13 at 22:03
@SethJ, There's no Christian theology here, just Christian exegesis (which, in the case of John Gill, is mostly based on Jewish sources). But if it really bothers you, I'll remove it. – jake Mar 22 '13 at 1:32
@SethJ, I merely cited it because it adds insight into how the practice in question was done, the same reason I cited (indirectly) Soranus of Ephesus regardless of his lack of Jewishness. [cont.] – jake Mar 22 '13 at 3:29
@SethJ Theology? Seriously? – Double AA♦ Mar 22 '13 at 6:30
It means you weren't salted. It seems to be some sort of old tradition that somehow treating newborns with salt (externally, by rubbing, I suppose) was good for the flesh of the child.
See Rashi there. He explains that it "hardens" the flesh. Targum doesn't seem to think anything of it and "translates" it straight as salting (it's the same word in Aramaic, just slightly different form).
Mahar"i Kra explains that in other lands this was done.
Seth JSeth J
Yes, it means "you were not salted," but the verse implies that other infants were indeed salted, as well as washed with water, have their umbilicus cut, and swaddled (other verbs present in the same verse). – user2088 Mar 21 '13 at 22:04
@double aa what's a contemporary historical source? I seem to recall something like this that I learned recently, and I'm wondering if it might be and the section of Mas. Shabbath that discusses what you can and cannot do for a newborn. – Seth J Mar 21 '13 at 22:44
@SethJ I mean like Babylonian peer reviewed medical journals or something that indicates that salting a baby was a thing. If it was common in the time period, then the analogy Ezekiel makes makes sense. – Double AA♦ Mar 21 '13 at 22:51
Well, if it's in the Gemara (which I have not had time to look up to confirm), is that "contemporary" enough? If not, is V. Care of the Newborn After Delivery (page 58) from Soranus contemporary enough? (With thanks to jake.) – Seth J Mar 22 '13 at 16:20
Why are the Meraglim in that order?
Why don't we salt newborns, per Ezekiel?
What does Rash"i add on B'midbar 2:20?
What does God's answer to Yona the prophet (4:11) really mean?
What does מִלְמַעְלָה in Gen 7:20 mean?
What's the meaning of "Hashmal" (electricity in modern Hebrew) in the bible? (Ezekiel 1:4)
How did 'House of Israel' come to refer to Judah & Jews, not only the former northern kingdom?
What is the meaning of the prophecy in Ezekiel 26?
How did Paro's daughter explain suddenly having a child?
What does "Posuk" mean in Torah division?


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