text:
Tipping Points in Australia's Climate Change debates. Where to Now?
Dorothy Horsfield
A record-breaking high summer came early to Australia in 2019. By October, the daily weather map of the country was charting the rapid spread of catastrophic bushfires in disparate regions across the entire island continent. This meant recurrent, intense weather events that combined 40°C temperatures, ferocious winds and dry lightning storms, in which sparse rainfall evaporated before it reached the ground. With the forecasts came repeated warnings: the country's substantial resources and manpower provided no guarantee the fires that were erupting in such conditions could be contained. Nor that local people and properties could be safeguarded.
For months on end came each day's tally of the nightmarish realisation of the forecasts. By early January 2020, almost two million hectares of the countryside had been reduced to blackened landscapes. Among the hardest hit were the eastern states where 80% of Australia's population live. Out-of-control fires in the tinder-dry old eucalypt forests and remote mountain bushland were merging into megafires. Along a 1000 kilometre front on the New South Wales seaboard this meant up to 60 metre walls of flame and ember showers that created windblown spot fires up to 30 kilometres away. With little chance of saving their homes, residents of towns and villages evacuated to makeshift community centres and nearby beaches. An estimated 800-900 houses were destroyed, with a higher number anticipated as evacuated families gradually return to streets of rubble and ash. Driven by the strong winds, a thick, toxic pall of grey smoke had also blanketed coastal areas, as well as inland regions including the national capital of Canberra. Peaking at around 20 times acceptable levels of pollution, the pure mountain air of Australia's showpiece garden city now had an Air Quality Index that was among the highest in the world. The city's government handed out free face masks, advised its citizens to stay indoors and for a time closed public institutions and offices. With the sun a spectral red in a sepia-coloured sky, the result was a sensation of eerie, off-world emptiness. As one commentator suggested, the bushfires were like some relentless, hellish creature stalking Australians from all directions.
Meantime, the season of horror and catastrophe has brought renewed momentum to the country's climate change debates. These are strongly politicised debates. With at least a thirty-year history, they have ranged from the baneful nonsense of the Far Right's outright climate change denial; to a hesitant, ill-informed scepticism about the limits and accuracy of the science that links Australia's weather patterns of recurrent droughts, floods and bushfires to wider global climate change; to claims that our carbon emissions are insignificant when compared to those of China, Russia or the US; to apocalyptic predictions of an imminent 'sixth extinction' caused by wilful ignorance of the extent of humankind's destruction of the planet's eco-systems. In more recent years, there also has gradually emerged qualified optimism that innovative, adaptive technologies can and will provide solutions to the environmental threats.
But in the wake of the bushfires, the prevailing consensus among Australians is challenging the confusion and complacency generated by these debates. To an angry public, the destruction wrought was unarguably unprecedented and only explicable in terms of global climate change. This is evident across social media outlets, the mainstream press, elite opinion makers, the emergency services, the rural towns and farming communities, the more progressive voices in the corporate sector, and to the thousands of anti-government demonstrators on the streets of the state capitals calling for Prime Minister Scott Morrison's dismissal. Their insistent view has been that their country was blindsided by its third-rate governance under Morrison's extreme Right-Wing leadership. Specifically, this has meant federal government inertia, dismissal of warnings by independent experts, and funding cuts to key bureaucracies, climate change research institutes and fire control services. The result has been that Australia was drastically ill- prepared for the impact of the coming summer of extreme temperatures combined with prolonged drought.
Moreover, the Morrison government has been widely accused of falling back on traditional, nationalistic 'meet and beat' rhetoric. Here what is implied is that we resourceful Aussies would voluntarily rise to the challenge of the seasonal bushfires and emerge victorious. It has also been the Prime Minister's sloganizing term for his repeated claim that Australia continues to advance towards its 2030 carbon emission reduction targets. For the country's climate change researchers, and probably most of the rest of the world, this last apparent reassurance severely strains credibility. Not least this is because the current fires have been belching poisonous carbon monoxide and dioxide into the stratosphere, already reaching approximately twice the levels of Russia's 2019 Siberian wildfires. According to data from a December, 2019 World Economic Forum Report, the bushfires had already pumped out half a year's CO2 emissions. As well, the report warned that 'vegetation vital for absorbing CO2 is being destroyed by the blazes.' To paraphrase a recent media headline, when it comes to climate change debates, 'Australia has a serious bulldust problem.' In short, Prime Minister Morrison's ad hoc political strategies have been perceived as omitting any substantial forward planning or persuasive policy agenda.
All of which raises the question of the extent to which the bushfires might prove to be a turning point towards a more enlightened, informed plan to protect and nurture our environment. The concern is that it might be slow in coming. With some fires yet to be extinguished and smog predicted to choke cities and regional areas at least until April, 2020, for the immediate future the focus is on clean-up and recovery. The Morrison government is providing a two billion dollar funding package for a range of welfare services and for rebuilding communities, as well as for the millions of injured birds and animals to be rescued, nursed and relocated to surviving bush habitats. Australia's Defence Forces have also been deployed to help in the recovery efforts. Though much needed, it is a strategy that has been satirised by one of Australia's leading political cartoonists as a panicked Morrison with his backside on fire holding out a fistful of dollars to a scornful polity.
What then of this alleged absence of substantial national policy-making, of the urgent need for transformational planning as the world changes? At a grassroots level the bushfires are already proving to be a further stimulus to a long list of environmentally conscious initiatives, from the rejection of plastic packaging, to voluntary community replanting of tree coverage and grasslands, to fashionable inner-city restaurants surrounded by their own patches of homegrown vegetables, to eco housing design that includes the use of fireproof materials and air filters, to cycling to one's workplace. For example, in Canberra its territory government guidelines require all new housing to include a water storage tank under the foundations and solar panels on the roof; there is a network of bicycle paths across the city, weekend markets for regional organic farm produce, and fenced sanctuaries to protect native wildlife, which are monitored by park rangers. In line with other state capitals and countries, the city is also phasing out the use of gas, as a stepping stone towards a target of zero carbon emissions by 2045.
With the hope of a more fundamental impact that transcends federal government complacency, there is also an expanding, grassroots focus on the applied science of long-term regenerative agriculture, whose aim is to rescue the arid, drought-ravaged farmlands. Its methodologies go beyond the long-standing European techniques of artificial soil fertilisation and piped irrigation, of the kind that have risked turning the inland lakes and river systems, most notably the Murray Darling Basin, into shallow, permanently-polluted puddles. Instead the starting point is a geographical survey to identify the potential of a degraded, natural water course. The next step is the planting of an abundance of native trees, shrubs, reeds and rushes along its banks and erecting stock proof fencing. As well, 'live weirs' are built at intervals to provide erosion control structures that slow water flow and help to reinvigorate the surrounding floodplain through spreading seepage. Within a decade or so the result is described by its practitioners as: a healthy, vibrant ecosystem, filtering water through its extensive reed beds, capturing flood sediments, recycling nutrients and providing complex habitat for birds, mammals, reptiles, frogs, fish and invertebrates. Productivity on the floodplain also increases by around 60%.
The success of an initial project on Mulloon Creek in the New South Wales hinterland has not only been profitable, but has led to establishment of the Mulloon Institute. The Institute has since been selected by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) as among its top five for its world class development of environmental resilience alongside agricultural productivity. Its current aim is to facilitate 100 landscape projects across Australia and internationally that are similarly profitable and sustainable. Incidentally, it has also been pointed out that these methodologies might well have prevented the fertile gardens of ancient Mesopotamia's Tigris/Euphrates floodplain becoming the deserts of modern Iraq.
What follows considers a more comprehensive national economic plan that addresses directly the failures of successive, backward-looking conservative governments in preparing the country for the savage onslaught of climate change. The plan incorporates more than a decade of econometric monitoring by the University of Melbourne's Professorial Fellow, Ross Garnaut, that compares the rising financial costs of maintaining our fossil fuel industries with the profitability of transitioning to renewable energy sources. When he began his study in 2007, Garnaut says, his data confirmed the prevalent assumption that a transition economy based on renewable energy and zero carbon emission technologies would be marked by a period of austerity detrimental to both developed and developing countries. His most recent book, Superpower Australia's Low-Carbon Opportunity, published in November 2019, reviews his earlier data, concluding that such economic considerations have changed fundamentally and will continue to do so. Falling global interest rates which have reduced the cost of capital, combined with the likely rising price of fossil fuels as a result of increasing demand in large developing countries, is making products and projects that reduce green-house gas emissions more lucrative alternative investments.
In addition, there have been relatively rapid transformative cost reductions in machinery for producing electricity from wind and sun, in battery storage of electricity, and decarbonisation through electrification of transport and in other areas from small to medium businesses to large-scale manufacturing. In other words, for an imaginative, forward-looking company there is a considerable wealth to be made in the transition economy. Garnaut also concludes that Australia is singularly blessed with the geography and resources to be a front-runner in the creation of multi- billion dollar domestic and export industries in renewables. 'If we all understood the economic value of a transition to renewables,' he says, 'we could move from policy incoherence to hope.' With regard to the issue of whether wishing makes it so, of whether despite his detailed pursuit of statistical evidence in the dismal thickets of economics, Garnaut errs on the side of optimism, his book elucidates a couple of core Australian case studies. The first charts his personal experience of applying research-based knowledge in partnership with private-enterprise. In 2015, he became Chairman of Zen Energy, a South Australian company, with plans to scale up from a relatively small supplier of solar energy and battery storage technology to providing renewables to entire communities and industries. In 2017, the company merged with the British- based, multi-billionaire, Sanjeev Gupta's global GFG Alliance. Though the evidence is not yet available, the rebranded SIMEC Energy Australia has claimed it will supply 100% of South Australia's electricity needs by 2019. As Garnaut puts it: '…what in 2008 and 2011 I had perceived to be a possibility of modest dimension had become a high probability of immense economic gain.'
A second of a number case studies outlined in Garnaut's book is the massive investment in solar farming in the semi-desert expanses of Northern and Western Australia. A $20 billion development by a Singapore-based company, Sun Cable, together with substantial planning and investment by two of Australia's wealthiest men, Michael Cannon-Brookes and Andrew Forrest, is currently building what it promises will be 'the world's largest solar farm.' The plan is for a 15,000 hectare array of 10-gigawatt capacity panels, backed by battery storage, which would not only supplement domestic electricity needs. The clean energy would also be exported to Singapore, using a 4500 kilometre, high-voltage, submarine cable. The company's Chief Executive, David Griffin, describes the project as capturing 'one of the best solar radiance reserves in the world,' adding it will operational in less than decade. Further to the west in the Pilbara region, plans are also currently being developed by the Asian Renewable Energy Hub for an even bigger wind and solar hybrid plant, using giant wind turbines and solar panels. The electricity generated would be used primarily to run a hydrogen manufacturing hub to supply a proposed export market in Japan and South Korea.
Among many other researchers, Garnaut describes these projects as climate change mitigation. Implicit here is the deep-seated global concern that they will not be adequate in meeting the imperative that carbon emission increases should be less than 2% – and preferably closer to 1.5% — with a reduction target of zero emissions by 2050 to avoid the acceleration of catastrophic weather events. There is some comfort to be had for Australia in his findings that the country is already embracing a global trend towards a transition economy. But Garnaut also implies that there is little to be gained from a federal government that has continued to stump the debates for renewables against fossil fuels. Instead, state government support, grass roots initiatives, private sector enterprises, expertise that informs new developments, global partnerships and investment have been emerging as a way forward to a more hopeful future.
From our partner RIAC
Related Topics:AustraliaClimate Change
EU fertilizer regulations: What are the consequences for the European food chain?
You never miss the water, till the well runs dry
PhD, Foundation Fellow in the Australian Studies Institute at Australian National University, RIAC Expert
Climate change: For 25th year in a row, Greenland ice sheet shrinks
2022: Emergency mode for the environment
The social aspect of biodiversity reduction in Brazil
Syarifah Huswatun Miswar
Humans in the Anthropocene
Humans are born from history, on the other hand, history is born from human life. Currently, humans have been in the Anthropocene, the era after the Holocene, a time when humans were more powerful in nature. This results in an imbalance of give and take activities between humans and the nature they inhabit. With rapid population growth, human needs will also increase. This increase in human needs will have an impact on the availability of existing natural resources. Exploitation of natural products such as coal, natural gas and others, this is accompanied by waste from production and human activities that produce waste in many sectors of life. What has been exploited by humans the impact is no longer comparable to what nature gives. Although nature has the ability to self-regenerate, but with human activities that are so aggressive in this era of globalization, it defeats the natural processes of nature. The presence of factories around the world after the steam engine and the industrial revolution occurred, weapons such as missiles, atomic bombs as a means of war for fellow humans, rockets and all kinds of vehicles of human ambition to export nature, all produce residual waste that is released, resulting in a large carbon footprint. affect the atmosphere which is as a protector and temperature regulator on earth. Not to mention the mining of many other crops.
The question that may often be asked but doesn't need to be answered is "why should humans care about all that?"
In the last 100 years, the earth's average temperature has increased between 0.4 to 0.8 C. The ambition of the countries in the world today is 1.5 degrees Celsius, whereas humans are facing the risk of an increase of 4 degrees, which means it will be the same with the temperatures that occurred between the Ice Age and the Holocene. In other words, humans are still far behind with the rate of destruction that exists. This warming will result in the emergence of many disasters in human life. Global warming is expected to cause the glaciers at both poles to melt and make the volume of sea water increase, most likely some islands on earth are at risk of sinking, especially the Indonesian archipelago which is a young land in geological history. Not only that, other impacts will be felt on climate change, a matter of months, days, seasons. Nature which is the main benchmark for farmers, fishermen and various sectors of work related to climate and seasons will feel a prediction crisis, several regions in Indonesia experience crop failures due to the calculations they do based on seasonal calculations are no longer accurate, even though these calculations have been passed down from generation to generation. inherited. But climate change and global warming have messed up astronomy. Maybe this is also what makes the Mayan calendar (piktun) only predict until 2012.
Not only the estimated harvest season, natural imbalances also cause the spread of disease vectors from animals to humans. Until now there has been no single plausible theory that definitely and accurately explains where COVID-19 came from and how it will disappear. Research is still being done, all theories put forward by scientists can be true. But scientists who study the environment, viruses, pandemics, health have found this conundrum, which all starts with "environmental imbalance". If we describe briefly, in the food chain there is one missing which then results in advantages and disadvantages between predators and prey. If the rice field snakes are hunted by farmers, the rats will live more, and then they will eat the rice too, eventually the farmers will fail to harvest. Likewise, the case of COVID-19, with the large number of killings of wildlife, has shifted the pattern of the food chain.
Covid 19 and the balance of nature
There are many theories that explain the origin of the pandemic that humans are experiencing now, but until now there is no definite news about where the origin and cause of the catastrophe exists. US intelligence agencies say they may never be able to identify the origins of Covid-19, but they have concluded the virus was not created as a biological weapon. Apart from the specifics of covid 19 which is a virus, whose existence can never be seen with the naked eye, a number of scientists believe that the covid 19 pandemic occurs due to natural imbalances. The COVID-19 pandemic which was determined by the World Health Organization (WHO) or world health agency on March 11, 2020, could also occur due to the interruption of the food cycle which resulted in the explosion of a component of life without a predator in the same period of time.
The SARS-VoV-2 virus is a disease that originates from animals and is transmitted to humans. It is possible that the disease originated in bats, then spread through other mammals.
Even though it is not made in a laboratory, it does not mean that humans have no role in the ongoing pandemic. A recent study by scientists from Australia and the US found that human actions on natural habitats, loss of biodiversity and destruction of ecosystems contributed to the spread of the virus.
The number of infectious diseases has more than tripled every decade since the 1980s. More than two-thirds of these diseases come from animals, and about 70% of that number comes from wild animals. Infectious diseases that we know, for example: Ebola, HIV, swine flu and bird flu, are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
COVID-19 is also spreading rapidly as the world's population is becoming more and more closely connected. This situation that surprised many people, had actually been warned by scientists for a long time. Joachim Spangenberg, Vice President of the European Institute for Sustainability Research, said that by destroying ecosystems, humans create conditions that cause animal viruses to spread to humans. "We created this situation, not the animals," said Spangenberg. In 2016 UNEP Frontier has been warned that at least every four months a new zoonotic disease will emerge. This is due to human activities as follows:
Deforestation and habitat destruction
because humans are increasingly opening up areas inhabited by wild animals to graze livestock and take natural resources, humans are also increasingly susceptible to pathogens that have never previously left the area, and leave the bodies of the animals they inhabit.
"We're getting closer to wild animals," said Yan Xiang, a virologist at the University of Texas Center for Health Sciences. "And that puts us in touch with those viruses." While David Hayman, professor of infectious disease ecology at Massey University, New Zealand said, the risk is also increasing not only through humans entering natural habitats, but also through animals. human pet
In addition, the destruction of ecosystems also has an impact on which types of viruses thrive in the wild and how they spread.
David Hayman emphasized, in the last few centuries, tropical forests have been reduced by 50%. This has a very bad impact on the ecosystem. In a number of cases, scientists have succeeded in revealing, if animals at the top of the food chain went extinct, animals at the bottom, such as mice that carried more pathogens, took their place at the top of the food chain.
"Each species has a special role in the ecosystem. If one species takes the place of another, this can have a major impact in terms of disease risk. And often we can't predict the risk," explains Alica Latinne of the Wildlife Conservation Society.
Evidence showing a link between the destruction of ecosystems and the increased risk of spreading new infections has led experts to emphasize the importance of the concept of "One Health".
Wild animal trade
Markets selling wild animals and products from wild animals are another incubator for infectious diseases. Scientists consider it very likely that the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the disease COVID-19 emerged in a wild animal market in Wuhan, China.
Spangenberg explains that placing sick and stressed animals in cramped cages is an "ideal way" to create new pathogens, and spread disease from one species to another. Therefore, many scientists have urged the holding of stricter regulations for the wild animal market.
That is also the call of Elizabeth Maruma Mrema, Chief Executive of the Secretariat of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. He has called for a worldwide ban on wild animal markets. But Mrema also reveals that for millions of people, especially in poorer regions of the world, these markets are a source of income.
Indonesia's position in the eyes of the world
Indonesia is a country with a very large tropical forest, in COP 26 it was stated that Indonesia is the last bastion of planet earth along with the Amazon and the Congo forests. save a lot of germplasm, Indonesia's forest area totals 128 million ha. Indonesia is a country with the third largest tropical rainforest in the world. That means, a lot of germplasm stored in it. This will also be a big scourge if the vast forest cannot be maintained properly. The expansion of residential areas, planting of oil palm, clearing land and roads will destroy some of the existing germplasm. Currently, humans have lost 8% of animal species and another 22%. If Indonesia participates in efforts to reduce and destroy the environment intentionally or unintentionally, we can estimate what will happen in the future.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions – the atmospheric gases responsible for causing global warming and climatic change – are critical to understanding and addressing the climate crisis. Despite an initial dip in global GHG emissions due to COVID-19, the United Nations Environment Programme's latest Emissions Gap Report (EGR) expects a strong rebound in 2021, when emissions are expected to be only slightly lower than the record levels of 2019.
While most GHGs are naturally occurring, human activities have also been leading to a problematic increase in the amount of GHG emitted and their concentration in the atmosphere. This increased concentration, in turn, can lead to adverse effects on climate. Effects include increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events – including flooding, droughts, wildfires and hurricanes – that affect millions of people and cause trillions in economic losses.
The Emissions Gap Report found that if we do not halve annual GHG emissions by 2030, it will be very difficult to limit global warming to 1.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels by the end of the century. Based on current unconditional pledges to reduce emissions, the world is on a path to see global warming of 2.7 °C by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial levels.
"Human-caused greenhouse gas emissions endanger human and environmental health," says Mark Radka, Chief of UNEP's Energy and Climate Branch. "And the impacts will become more widespread and severed without strong climate action."
So how exactly do GHG emissions warm the planet and what can we do?
What are the major greenhouse gases?
Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide are the major GHGs. CO2 stays in the atmosphere for up to 1,000 years, methane for around a decade and nitrous oxide for approximately 120 years. Measured over a 20-year period, methane is 80 times more potent than CO2 in causing global warming, while nitrous oxide is 280 times more potent.
Coal, oil and natural gas continue to power many parts of the world. Carbon is the main element in these fuels, and when they're burned to generate electricity, power transportation or provide heat, they produce CO2, a colourless, odourless gas.
Oil and gas extraction, coal mining and waste landfills account for 55 per cent of human-caused methane emissions. Approximately 32 per cent of human-caused methane emissions are attributable to cows, sheep and other ruminants that ferment food in their stomachs. Manure decomposition is another agricultural source of the gas, as is rice cultivation.
Human-caused nitrous oxide emissions largely arise from agriculture practices. Bacteria in soil and water naturally convert nitrogen into nitrous oxide, but fertilizer use and run-off add to this process by putting more nitrogen into the environment.
What are the other greenhouse gases?
Fluorinated gases – such as hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride – are GHGs that do not occur naturally. Hydrofluorocarbons are refrigerants used as alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which depleted the ozone layer and were phased out thanks to the Montreal Protocol. The other gases have industrial and commercial uses.
While fluorinated gases are far less prevalent than other GHGs and do not deplete the ozone layer like CFCs, they are still very powerful. Over a 20-year period, the various fluorinated gases' global warming potential ranges from 460–16,300 times greater than that of CO2.
Water vapour is the most abundant GHG in the atmosphere and is the biggest overall contributor to the greenhouse effect. However, almost all the water vapour in the atmosphere comes from natural processes. Human emissions are very small and thus relatively less impactful.
What is the greenhouse effect?
The Earth's surface absorbs about 48 per cent of incoming solar energy, while the atmosphere absorbs 23 per cent. The rest is reflected back into space. Natural processes ensure that the amount of incoming and outgoing energy are equal, keeping the planet's temperature stable,
However, GHGs, unlike other atmospheric gases such as oxygen and nitrogen, are opaque to outgoing infrared radiation. As the concentration of GHGs in the atmosphere increases due to human-caused emissions, energy radiated from the surface becomes trapped in the atmosphere, unable to escape the planet. This energy returns to the surface, where it is reabsorbed.
Since more energy enters than exits the planet, surface temperatures increase until a new balance is achieved. This temperature increase has long-term climate impacts and affects myriad natural systems.
What can we do to reduce GHG emissions?
Shifting to renewable energy, putting a price on carbon and phasing out coal are all important elements in reducing GHG emissions. Ultimately, stronger nationally determined contributions are needed to accelerate this reduction to preserve long-term human and environmental health.
"We need to implement strong policies that back the raised ambitions," says Radka. "We cannot continue down the same path and expect better results. Action is needed now."
During COP26, the European Union and the United States launched the Global Methane Pledge, which will see over 100 countries aim to reduce 30 per cent of methane emissions in the fuel, agriculture and waste sectors by 2030.
UNEP has outlined its six-sector solution, which can reduce 29–32 gigatons of carbon dioxide by 2030 to meet the 1.5°C warming limit. UNEP also maintains an online "Climate Note," a tool that visualizes the changing state of the climate with a baseline of 1990.
Despite the challenges, there is reason to be positive. From 2010 to 2021, policies were put in place which will lower annual emissions by 11 gigatons by 2030 compared to what would have otherwise happened.
Through its other multilateral environmental agreements and reports, UNEP raises awareness and advocates for effective environmental action. UNEP will continue to work closely with its 193 Member States and other stakeholders to set the environmental agenda and advocate for a drastic reduction in GHG emissions.
Beyond these movements, individuals can also join the UN's #ActNow campaign for ideas to take climate-positive actions.
By making choices that have less harmful effects on the environment, everyone can be part of the solution and influence change. Speaking up is one way to multiply impact and create change on a much bigger scale.
Vidhi Bubna
What most people ignore is that climate change is also a social issue, arising from unawareness of the human population about the impact of their activities. Biodiversity plays a key role in ecosystems and also services benefits to the tourism industry. Marine life biodiversity specifically plays a role in attracting tourists for activities like scuba diving, snorkeling and other observation activities alike. Currently, the Brazilian Guitarfish, commonly found in the South Atlantic Brazilian waters, specifically around the South coast of Rio De Janeiro is facing massive decline in numbers, and is also on the list of critically endangered species.
One major reason for the rapid decline in numbers of Brazilian Guitarfish is overfishing of the female population for illegal, highly valued meat sale in fish markets. Most fishermen catch the female guitarfish along with their little offspring in shallow waters around Rio De Janeiro. The decline in species of guitarfish is mostly among the female population, however this impacts the long term numbers of the guitarfish population. Fishermen who catch guitarfish and engage in the illegal meat industry know little about the impact created by their fishing activities on biodiversity in the oceans. A valid solution to solving the issue of high levels of guitarfish fishing in Brazil is empowering fishermen to engage in other trades and businesses that are more sustainable with steady profits, simply raising awareness about the downside of overfishing endangered species might not be enough. A dollar is a dollar, or in this case a real is a real.
An alternate model for sustainable fishing has been developed in Fuji, specifically to protect the coastline that attracts tourism across the year. The local government in fishing villages is working in collaboration with fishers to ensure that they have access to a greater number of opportunities, even outside the fishing industry. Moreover, the local government is regulating the prices of fish meat and creating a bandwidth for sustainable profits by encouraging fishing of species that are more abundant in the local waters. This is creating a low incentive situation for Fujian fishers to fish endangered species and engage in local trade. This unique model, with a mix of government involvement and local incentives, can be amplified to other countries like Brazil too.
While most experts talk about climate change, they ignore the social aspect of climate change, which is perhaps the biggest contributor. Human activities impacting climate change don't just arise from unawareness but also from lack of other opportunities that can incentivise a change in decision making. Creating consumer end awareness about the downside of consuming illegal meat is also crucial. The same can be done in fish markets with the use of artwork to support behavioral change. Brazilian Guitarfish also carry high content of Mercury and chemicals and are therefore not the safest to consume in the unregulated illegal meat industry, without safety approvals from the government. Making consumers aware about the fact that they are not just paying high prices for meat that is illegal but also consuming meat that can potentially give them cancer and other diseases is crucial. This can be done using artwork in fish markets, as is being done across fishing villages in Bali.
Brazilian Guitarfish are also rare in other parts of the world and attract divers to premium diving locations, fetching around $75 to $100 per dive, higher than most other locations where rare species like Guitarfish cannot be spotted. More efforts can be taken to set up dive centers in Brazil specifically dedicated towards Brazilian Guitarfish. This will not only be an attractive source of income for locals but also encourage conservation efforts. Tourism can be a major source of revenue for Brazilian fishermen and farmers, encouraging development and infrastructural promotion across major cities in Brazil, thereby creating a line of opportunities for Brazilian citizens across different industries.
With biodiversity as high as Brazil, more efforts should be taken to fuel tourism, interaction and awareness with Brazilian biodiversity, including rainforests and marine life. With the empowerment of local communities, we can together create a more sustainable future, inclusive towards all organisms.
To promote the cause of Brazilian Guitarfish conservation, I have started a movement called The Brazilian Guitarfish movement, operating via whatsapp group involving people across continents from various fields – climate researchers, marine conservationists, scuba divers, fishing industry experts, government authorities, public policy enthusiasts and tourism officials to curate solutions specific to conserving Brazilian Guitarfish. It's a global initiative, with hands contributing from across the world to save Brazilian Guitarfish by empowering local fishers with diverse opportunities. There is always an alternate solution, sometimes all we need is a fresh approach along with fresh minds to find it. Fortunately, connecting globally in the digital world makes problem solving easier for all of us.


text:
Vararia cinnamomea är en svampart som beskrevs av Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles 1984. Vararia cinnamomea ingår i släktet Vararia och familjen Lachnocladiaceae.   Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Basidiesvampar
cinnamomea

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


So last month, I shared that Michael (my app development partner) and I launched our first iOS app – the 4-Minute Burpee Challenge. Its an app that automatically measures your Burpees hands-free using sound/ breathing. Additionally, it tracks your Tabata Burpees over a 90-day challenge period. Our goal was to create a super simple yet effective app to get you working out daily. Just click a button and workout. The app does the coaching, measuring and tracking of your workout. After all, who doesn't have 4-minutes to workout a day right?
I'm not ashamed to admit, my first attempt at the 90-Day Burpee Challenge has just failed quite miserably on the 64th day mark! This despite the fact that the challenge allows you up to 3 "missed" days.
Especially habits for self-improvement that requires effort. There are some days when you just don't feel like doing a workout or if its not the highest priority item on your to do list that day! I also found that there were days when I'm just depleted and unable to motivate myself to workout. In March, I moved my family out of the city to a farm and although I thought I was fit, doing hard labor with a shovel or construction work is a major killer! Especially when your body is not used to it.
What I Learned: Discipline means doing what you decided you were going to do whether you feel like it or not. On the next attack, I commit fully to forming this habit as a life long habit. After all, the movements and agility needed to do a Burpee includes cardio benefits, strength training for all the major muscle groups in the body and plyometrics (jumps). When I master this workout for life, I am setting myself up to be fit for life. In other words, its worth it.
When I first got into fitness, mornings were my usual workout time. And so it was for many years. Well since my 2 kids started school, that changed. My current workout slot is at the end of the work day. As I mentioned above. there are days when I feel that I was already doing intensive physical labor during the day. By taking this challenge, I now know there are actually quite significant gaps in my workout routine due to this. Gaps I need to manage.
What I Learned: I need to slot in morning workouts as a MUST-do. There's just too many excuses at the end of the day to miss a workout. Slotting in at least 4-minutes in the morning by waking up say 5-10mins earlier than usual should NOT be a difficult thing to do.
On the first week of the challenge, I nailed every single day. On the second week of the challenge (yes, only the 2nd) I had already missed 2 workouts and had 2 strikes! The fear of dropping out then motivated me to do the 4-mintues of Burpees every single day without fail until Day 64! You can imagined my devastation as I jumped out of bed at 1am on the 65th day realising I forgot to do my damn burpees and thus failed the challenge!
What I Learned: I need to be motivated by success and not by failure. I need to visualize the sense of accomplishment each day of completing the goal I set for myself rather than the fear of failing. On the next go, I will allow myself to enjoy the daily routine more and endeavour to not miss even a single day because being motivated by failure is just NOT fun.
My major takeaway from this first attempt is that its perfectly ok to fail at a major challenge. Anything that is worth doing in life often is a real challenge and its ok to not succeed at the very first go. The most important thing is to choose challenges that are worth the effort and never give up!
I did not capture a screenshot of my stats at day 64 (the last snapshot I too was at Day 55) but by then, I had already completed over 2,500 burpees and burned off much unwanted fat. By belt buckle is currently tightened by a notch and my body-fat% had dropped by 3% just in the last month.
From the statistics, I learned that I do an average of 41 Burpees (with a complete pushup and jump) during each Tabata workout and I average about 5.1 burpees per 20 second interval during the workout. My best pace is doing a complete burpee in 2.9 seconds but on average it takes me 3.9 seconds per burpee for all 8 rounds.
So in failure there is also success and there is more important – learning.
How are you guys fairing with the challenge? The app is FREE right now so go ahead and download it here. I'd love to hear your take on it and your experience.
We're hoping to develop a whole series of apps using the algorithm we pioneered to measure reps handsfree with the microphone. So your feedback and app review is very valuable to us.
We're always looking for new ways to exercise using the Tabata protocol. This week we feature an interesting routine on an Urban Rebounder Trampoline and we like it!
Bit of warning, since Tee Major is a military fitness trainer, some of these exercises are pretty advanced. Stick to those that you can complete on the Tabata protocol before trying the more advanced ones.
Some Crossfit workouts are down right brutal. This one is exceptionally brutal. Aptly named "Fight Gone Bad", it involves 40 consecutive Tabata rounds of 5 exercises with no additional rest in between exercises.
You basically set up a station for each exercise and you will perform all 8 rounds of Tabata intervals on each station before moving on to the next exercise.
After completing all the 5 stations above, you end up doing is 40 consecutive Tabata intervals. Enjoy.
This week's Tabata routine is demonstrated by Rebekah "Bex" Borucki. She's a yoga and fitness instructor and a mother of four!
I got a gem of a video for you today. This simple and highly effective workout from trainer Haskel Garmaise can be done in a hotel room or at home – no equipment needed (aside from a good Tabata timer).
What I love about this workout is that it incorporates 2 simple workout protocols – the descending ladder and tabata training protocol followed by a simple ab workout to end.
Next, is on to Tabata Exercises. Starting with our all time favorite – burpees, then jump squats, mountain climbers and plyometric lunges. You can either do all these separately as individual Tabata sets each or do it as part of one Tabata circuit.
Finally, the workout is ended with a simple ab routine of standard Ab Crunches or Figure 4 crunches.
Although Haskel Garmaise presented this as a "hotel room" workout when travelling, I think it makes a great total body workout program you can adopt for 3-4 times during the week. It covers all the major muscle groups and is a great cardiovascular workout too.


text:
Winston Hills, New South Wales
Suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Winston Hills
11,674 (2016 census)[1]
Postcode(s)
28 km (17 mi) west of Sydney CBD
LGA(s)
The Hills Shire
State electorate(s)
Federal Division(s)
Suburbs around Winston Hills:
Seven Hills Baulkham Hills Baulkham Hills
Seven Hills Winston Hills Northmead
Toongabbie Old Toongabbie Constitution Hill
Winston Hills is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Winston Hills is located 28 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of the City of Parramatta and The Hills Shire and the Greater Western Sydney region.
1.1 Heritage listings
3 Commercial area
5 Sport and recreation
Winston Hills was named after Britain's Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1874–1965) during World War II. With the name being preferred to Churchill Hills. In the early days, this area was named Model Farms (a name retained in a local high school - see below) as this was the area where a model farm was developed to show settlers the types of crops that could be grown in different seasons.
Development of the suburb began in the 1960s by Hooker Rex[2], and there is little undeveloped land left. In 2009 the last remaining large parcel of vacant land, at Buckleys Hill, started to be developed. There is not much natural bushland left in the suburb, except for the creek corridors, like Toongabbie Creek. It was transferred from the local government area of the City of Blacktown to the City of Parramatta in 1972.
Winston Hills from Old Windsor Road.
Some streets are named after great writers such as Bronte Place, Shelley Street, Twain Street[2] and Homer Street which also links to other street names from Greek mythology such as Troy Place, Hera Place, Nestor Street, Ixion Street, Eros Place and Atlas Place. Other group of streets are named after great scientists Einstein, Volta, Lister, Edison and Marconi[2] or Biblical figures such as Goliath, Gideon and Esther.[3]
A residence on Oakes Road was sold December 2011. This property had been owned by the late Frank Whiting. The building on the site was once the accommodation for the staff who worked on the dairy situated on Oakes Road up to what is now Rebecca Parade. This dairy was operated by the Sisters of the Good Shepherd. It operated during the Second World War years. Frank purchased the property when the dairy closed in the late 1940s and Frank clearly remembered the One Tree Hill Golf course that ran from behind the dairy along what is now Rebecca Parade and Goliath Avenue up to Old Windsor Road.
Heritage listings[edit]
Winston Hills has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
Goliath Avenue: Toongabbie Government Farm Archaeological Site[4]
In the 2016 Census, there were 11,674 people in Winston Hills. 69.5% of people were born in Australia. The most common countries of birth were China 2.9%, England 2.8%, India 2.5%, New Zealand 1.7% and South Korea 1.3%. 72.5% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 3.4%, Mandarin 3.1%, Cantonese 2.3%, Korean 1.9% and Hindi 1.3%. The most common responses for religion were Catholic 33.9%, No Religion 19.6% and Anglican 16.1%.[1]
Commercial area[edit]
Winston Hills Mall is a shopping centre that features a Big W discount department store, Woolworths supermarket, Coles supermarket, Aldi supermarket, over 75 specialty shops and a food court. "The Winston" is a pub and restaurant located next to the shopping mall. Further east along Caroline Chisholm Drive is a small shopping centre known as the Chisholm Centre. On the southern side of the hill is a small shopping centre called the Lomond Centre.
Schools[edit]
Street scene in front of St Pauls at Oakes Road with Parramatta Skyline in distance.
Winston Hills Public School[5]
Built in 1970, Winston Hills Public School was originally considered to be called "Model Farms Public School" due to the original name of the area which had been changed only a few years earlier to "Winston Hills".
Winston Heights Public School[6]
St Paul the Apostle[7]
Senior Schools
Model Farms High School
Reitano Private school
Sport and recreation[edit]
Winston Hills has Girl Guides, Scouts, rugby league, baseball, football and netballclubs. The football club (The Bears) is one of the largest in suburban Sydney.
In 1983, Winston Hills Warriors Baseball Club was established after breaking away from Baulkham Hills. WHBC started playing at Col Sutton Park, just down the road from Model Farms High School. Winston Hills is one of the best clubs in senior A grade baseball in Sydney.
In 2010, the Winston Hills Girl Guides joined worldwide celebrations for the centenary (100th birthday) of the Guiding movement during the nationally acclaimed 'Year of the Girl Guide'. The Winston Hills Scouts also mark the 40th anniversary for their district.
For Season 2015, Winston Hills Soccer club will be entering a Senior Men's team into the Granville Super League competition. Led by former Nepean, Blacktown Association and Glenhaven legend Joel "Gibson" Gibbs, the team hopes to bring back the glory days to the club.
^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Winston Hills". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
^ a b c "All Aboard The Steam Tram", Hills to Hawkesbury Living, 5 February 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
^ The Book of Sydney Suburbs, Compiled by Frances Pollon, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia ISBN 0-207-14495-8, page 272
^ "Toongabbie Government Farm Archaeological Site". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Office of Environment and Heritage. H01903. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
^ Winston Hills Public School
^ Winston Heights Public School
^ St Paul the Apostle
Winston Hills Girl Guides
Winston Hills Scouts
Coordinates: 33°46′39″S 150°58′40″E / 33.77747°S 150.97788°E / -33.77747; 150.97788
Suburbs and localities within the City of Parramatta, Western Sydney, Sydney
Dundas Valley
Ermington
Model Farms
Oatlands
Old Toongabbie
North Parramatta
Rosehill
South Granville
Telopea
Toongabbie
List of Sydney suburbs
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Winston_Hills,_New_South_Wales&oldid=878817590"
Suburbs of Sydney
Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2016 ID same as Wikidata
This page was last edited on 17 January 2019, at 03:11 (UTC).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Martial Law Hits Venezuela, Is America Next?
Her belligerent behavior continues until shop workers manage to grab her and haul her considerable frame outside.
The video provides a glimpse of what could happen if a widespread glitch affects EBT cards nationwide.
Back in 2013, several Walmart stores suffered looting and "mini-riots" following an EBT card shutoff, which was caused after a routine check by vendor Xerox Corp. resulted in a system failure.
Shoppers also attempted to loot hundreds of dollars worth of groceries at Walmart stores in Springhill and Mansfield, Louisiana after the glitch temporarily allowed them to make unlimited purchases on their EBT cards.
According to USDA estimates, food stamp participation increased from 17 million users in 2000 to nearly 47 million in 2014, although the number of Americans using EBT cards has declined by around 1.5 million since 2012.
"While we understand that Electronic Benefits Transfer cards, unemployment and other social support mechanisms are necessary for those who may have temporarily come upon hard times in an economic environment wrought with fraud and machinations that have left hard working Americans in dire straits, the fact is that millions upon millions of people feel entitled to the benefits they receive from the taxpayer and have made sitting on the couch, smoking weed, and getting paid a career," writes Mac Slavo.
We cannot stress enough how important it is that you share this video. Brexit is fundamental to the future of freedom in the west! Thank you.


text:
<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Altair\Filesystem\Configuration;

use Altair\Configuration\Contracts\ConfigurationInterface;
use Altair\Configuration\Traits\EnvAwareTrait;
use Altair\Container\Container;
use League\Flysystem\Adapter\Local;
use League\Flysystem\AdapterInterface;

class LocalAdapterConfiguration implements ConfigurationInterface
{
    use EnvAwareTrait;

    public function apply(Container $container): void
    {
        $factory = function () {
            return new Local(
                $this->env->get('FS_LOCAL_PATH'),
                $this->env->get('FS_LOCAL_LOCK', LOCK_EX),
                $this->env->get('FS_LOCAL_DISALLOW_LINKS', Local::DISALLOW_LINKS)
            );
        };

        $container
            ->delegate(Local::class, $factory)
            ->alias(AdapterInterface::class, Local::class);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Soukou Musume is a new game by DMM and Level-5 based on the motif of Level-5's Danball Senki, and now characters from the game are joining Kotobukiya's plastic model kit lineup! First up is Karina Mikazuki LBCS:ACHILLES! The Plastic Model Kit stands approx. 16 cm tall.


text:
On Queensborough
Housing, New Westminster, Politics, Yes In New West
This is going to be a bit of a lengthy post on various thoughts I have on Queensborough and the recently passed Temporary Modular Housing project.
On Yes In New West's role
Yes In New West is a loose group of New Westminster residents who came together a couple of years ago to push for more choice in housing options, particularly those in the missing middle — townhouses and rowhouses. We've done a few small campaigns since then, an all-candidates meeting here, a letter-writing campaign there, but nothing that large.
During the process for rezoning the land on which the Temporary Modular Housing (or TMH) would be built, a group of Queensborough residents formed to try to stop it. They attended the Advisory Planning Commission meeting about the project and were unsuccessful at stopping it there.
Right around that time I made some modifications to Abundant Housing Vancouver's letter-generator program, and then launched a campaign to send letters of support to New Westminster city council. I was expecting maybe a couple dozen letters of support. I had asked AHVancouver how many letters they'd sent for various campaigns. They had put together a similar campaign supporting TMH in Vancouver's Marpole neighbourhood, and another one for TMH in Richmond. These campaigns sent 119 letters in support of Marpole and 137 in support of Richmond. I thought we'd be lucky to get to fifty.
Then the New West Record put out an article about us. In our first day we had 30 letters of support. In three days we broke a hundred. After ten days we hit 138 and broke AHVancouver's record for letters of support for a TMH project. A week later, and just an hour before the start of the public hearing, we sent our 196th letter.
The letters came from every single neighbourhood of New Westminster. They came from Sapperton, which has similar housing supplied by the Elizabeth Fry Society, in a building that faced similar opposition six years ago and is today hosts people that are a valued part of the community. They came from Brow Of The Hill, which has Westminster House and Last Door Recovery Society housing, whose residents volunteer at community events across Metro Vancouver. They came from Downtown New West, which has Genesis Society and Salvation Army housing near Qayqayt Elementary School, which have no problems coexisting.
And 25% of the letters that had addresses came from Queensborough. Queensborough has only about 10% of New Westminster's population, so the Queensborough TMH had greater support there than from anywhere else in the city.
I was overwhelmed at all of the support Yes In New West was able to shine a light on. YiNW can't take the credit, the 196 letter writers are more than deserving of all of the applause. We merely unlocked their support to let the city see how compassionate and welcoming they are.
I like Queensborough. I think that it's been dumped on in the past, but it's getting better. The streets aren't that great, there aren't as many amenities as there should be (but it does have more park space per capita than the city average), the transit sucks, the sidewalks are crappy or non-existent, but it's a nice community. I've been to the last two Queensborough Children's Festivals, and they're always full of energy, full of life, and full of community spirit. The last one I was at it was filled with people wearing shirts that said "Queensborough, Community With Heart", and I still feel that that's the truth.
Queensborough is filled with kind and welcoming people. Despite the efforts of the Facebook group Queensborough Residents for Responsible Community Planning (QRRCP), I cannot think of Queensborough residents as being unwelcoming. I believe that they're just lacking the experience that others have when it comes to living in a community with housing for people who may have been living on the street, or are fleeing abuse, or are aging out of foster care with nowhere to go.
Acceptance often comes after exposure. We here in Brow of the Hill have been living with recovery houses for so long that they're a fabric of our neighbourhood. We're accepting of a wider range of people from a wider range of socioeconomic situations because we have that exposure. Queensborough residents don't, so they can't build up that acceptance and are more likely to believe in strawman arguments ("our kids will be playing in parks strewn with needles" or "mentally ill women will break into our schools with axes" or even "our property values will go down") that have no bearing in reality. It's only after exposure that the acceptance will come, and I'm very confident that Queensborough will accept these women as fellow neighbours and not as outsiders or others.
On Queensborough TMH
The Queensborough Temporary Modular Housing will provide shelter for 44 women who are either without a home or are at risk of losing their home. This isn't a drug recovery centre, this isn't a mental illness facility, it's for women who do not have a place to live. That's an important distinction, because being without a home does not mean you're a drug user or have mental illness challenges. They could be teenagers turning 19 and aging out of foster care. They could be seniors on fixed incomes facing increasing rent and medical costs. They could be women fleeing domestic violence. All of these women — and those with other issues that were either caused by or the cause of losing their housing — have a right to a safe place to live.
So to hear fear-mongering from the Port Royal Mom's Group or online petitions about vague "dangers to our children" is disheartening. Those same vague "concerns" in the QRRCP petition (which I will not link to) show up:
Queensborough Residents For Responsible Community Planning (QRRCP) is a group of local residents who are concerned with the precise location of this project, given its close proximity to large groups of children accessing school and community services.
…the current site is in direct proximity to over 680 students and hundreds of additional children who are potentially at risk to harm from exposure to active drug use, a potential increase in local drug trade/associated criminal activity, and, individuals exhibiting high risk mental health behaviours.
Of course, these concerns are largely unfounded. Qayqayt Elementary School has three recovery houses closer than this project is to Queen Elizabeth Elementary or Queensborough Middle School, and they coexist just fine. And tarring an entire group of vulnerable people with "active drug use" or "criminal activity" or "high risk mental health behaviours" is just plain scare-mongering. What about the 18-year old who's transitioning out of foster care? What about the 75-year old woman who's on a fixed income and cannot continue to pay her ever-increasing rent? What about the woman fleeing domestic violence? Why are you tarring these women with such fearful words? It's almost as if they're cherry-picking horror stories to drive up people's fears to get them to oppose the project.
Nowhere in the petition does it mention the loss of parkland, which you'll seen see was a theme of the majority of the speakers at the public hearing. I don't know why they made this shift of narrative.
On The Public Hearing
It was disgraceful, and the overwhelming majority of that disgrace falls on the group of people who came out in opposition to the project. They were rude, they were disrespectful, and they created a hostile environment for everybody involved. The only raised voices I heard from anybody who was supporting the project was asking the loud opposition crowd to be quiet.
Women who had been given assistance through similar projects came out to speak in favour of housing, and a number of them bravely shared incredibly personal and heartbreaking stories. A lot of people from Elizabeth Fry and other similar organizations spoke about the massive benefits of projects like this, not only for the people involved but also for the community. I spoke, yes, but the brave women who shared their stories are the ones we should be focusing on.
And then there were the group of people in opposition. With threatening words towards council like "we'll be watching" or "November, guys" (pro-tip: if you're going to threaten politicians about an upcoming election, get the month right) and the clapping and shouting after anybody in opposition spoke, this group made City Hall feel like a riot was going to break out. Two women who were going to speak in favour were intimidated by this behaviour into leaving before they could speak. The safe and welcoming place that City Hall is meant to be was completely transformed by the intimidation of the opposition group.
Queensborough-Richmond MLA Jas Johal was in the lobby, but unfortunately did not speak about the project. After I spoke in favour, I passed him in the audience and he gave me some kind of a smug smirk. I learned afterwards that he was seen chatting and laughing with a group of people in opposition who were being loud and intimidating. This is poor behaviour from someone who is supposed to be a leader in the community.
None of the bullying came from people in support of the project. None of the intimidation came from people in support of the project. If someone in opposition to the project felt bullied or guilty because they stated their reasons for opposing the location, maybe that's their conscience making an appearance. If you feel guilty because you're opposing a project because it'll take away park space when women who lived on the streets and could have died without projects like this speak up, then maybe it's your conscience making you feel guilty that you place park space above housing a vulnerable neighbour.
I urge everybody to watch New Westminster City Council's statements made after the Public Hearing as they voted in favour of the project. If you only have 15 minutes, skip to 30 minutes into the video and listen to Jaimie McEvoy's heart-wrenching story.
On being heard
This group kept saying things like "we want you to hear us" or "yes to the project, but no to the location". This sounds reasonable on the face of it. People want to be heard. But if you want to actually have a conversation, you have to do some listening as well. The people in opposition to the project stated that they wanted the project moved to another site such as a location on nearby Fenton Street. The city heard this request and did a detailed look at the site before determining that it would not work for this project. The money from the provincial government to build the building has a time limit on it, and the Fenton Street site required more work than could be done before that time limit, so it could not be moved to Fenton Street.
The city reported this, yet the people in opposition didn't hear it. They continued to say "no to the location" even when they were told that the other locations would not work.
And the "yes to the project, but no to the location" argument is a typical (and here's where some of you are going to get on me for using the word) NIMBY argument. It's used to show some kind of sympathy, to show that you are actually in favour of housing vulnerable people, but for whatever reason the location just won't work. "We're in favour of townhouses, just stick them on busy arterials instead of our nice street." "We're in favour of towers, just not where they block our view." "We're in favour of temporary modular housing, just not so close to a school because we're concerned about the safety of children."
Well, guess what. If you're opposed to the location you're opposed to the project. The location is part of the project. You can't separate them. Every location has its flaws; I can almost guarantee that if the Fenton Street site was the first choice of the city, these people would still come out and come up with excuses why the location is no good for the project. It's next to single family homes, maybe, or it's too far from transit, or some other excuse.
The only grace I'm willing to grant them is the loss of park space. Yes, the lot is currently covered in gravel, but it would not take much to throw down some grass and have it be a bit of a grassy field in a few months. The city should have come out right from the start saying "we realize that there will be a loss of green space, but the T in TMH means 'temporary' and the building will be gone in 10 to 12 years, after which we will restore the site to a much better quality than it is now." Guarantee that the park space will be restored to the community and show that you're listening to them on this point as well.
On The Future
The future is in Queensborough's hands. It could go two ways:
One, the people in opposition rally in opposition to the project and protest on site when construction starts. The notice of public hearing sign was lying in the dirt when I went to the Queensborough Community Centre on Tuesday, and I'm hoping this wasn't because someone was pissed off and knocked it over, I'm hoping that for whatever reason the city took it down and just left it there instead of hauling it away. I'm hoping that this wasn't the start of larger protests. This reaction would obviously be a negative one, and definitely wouldn't shine a great light on Queensborough.
The other way this could go is people welcome their new neighbours to their community. There are a number of people who have expressed interest in helping EFry with things like Compass Cards, or welcome packages. I'm hoping that kids from the two schools create gift bags for the new residents, similar to kids in Marpole. I'm hoping to see an overwhelming amount of support and compassion and empathy for our new neighbours and new members of our community.
After all, what did that wise man once say?
My friends, love is better than anger. Hope is better than fear. Optimism is better than despair. So let us be loving, hopeful and optimistic. And we'll change the world.
queensborough temporary modular housing
Previous Previous post: Local family "totally fine" with light sentence for son's killer
Next Next post: New West Elects 2018 Bingo!
One thought on "On Queensborough"
Pingback: How Did New West's Neighbourhoods Vote? – canspice.org


id+affairs> promoting creative endeavors that explore innovative technologies and ideas in collaboration with devoted institutions and professionals under equitable terms. id+markets> generating and consolidating fair value for contemporary art and innovation, reaching the interest and support of both public and private sectors.
As a young filmmaker I am always interested in learning something new about film language and technology which let me developing my own way of expression. I like old movies but I am quite sure that we need new ways for the storytelling and mise-en-scéne according with our own environnement.


text:
Germany's first attack by radicalised asylum seeker alarms officials
Investigators say teenager who injured four people on a train before being shot dead acted with 'Islamist religious motive'
Police officers search for evidence near the crime scene in Würzburg, Germany. Photograph: Karl-Josef Hildenbrand/AP
Tue 19 Jul 2016 13.22 EDT First published on Tue 19 Jul 2016 09.32 EDT
German officials are weighing up how to react to what is being treated as the first attack with a jihadist motive by an asylum seeker on German soil, who prosecutors suggested may have decided to carry out the attack just days earlier.
How Isis has devised new ways of sowing savagery in Europe
A 17-year-old Afghan armed with an axe and a knife attacked passengers on a regional train in northern Bavaria on Monday evening, seriously injuring four Chinese tourists before being shot dead by police.
Prosecutors said on Tuesday that two of the injured were suffering from "acute life-threatening" wounds.
The attack had been carried out with an "Islamist religious motive", a spokesperson for the state office of criminal investigations said. A hand-painted Islamic State flag had been found in the teenager's room at his foster home, as well as a college book with a text written in Pashtun.
Lothar Köhler, the director of the Bavarian investigations office, said he understood the text to be a farewell letter to the teenager's father, in which he complained about "nonbelievers". In one key passage, he wrote: "Now pray for me that I can take revenge on these nonbelievers, and pray for me, that I make my way into heaven."
Isis flag found in room of German train attacker, says Bavarian official Guardian
On an emergency phone call made by one of the train's passengers and recorded by her partner's answerphone, the young man is said to be heard shouting "Allahu Akbar" as he carried out the attack.
The teenager had found out on Friday or Saturday that a close friend of his had died in Afghanistan, Köhler said – an event that may have played a role in his radicalisation. Witnesses said the 17-year-old had spent a lot of time on the phone after being informed of his friend's death. A mobile phone that the attacker discarded while on the run has since been recovered.
The Bavarian interior minister, Joachim Herrmann, said the notebook entry was a strong indicator that the teenager "could be a person who had been self-radicalised". At the same time, Herrmann said, there was no evidence that the attack had been organised or coordinated directly by Isis. "There are currently no indicators of the young man being part of the Islamist militia's network." Isis moved quickly to take responsibility for the attack, releasing a statement via its online news agency, Amaq, which said: "The perpetrator of the stabbing attack in Germany was one of the fighters of the Islamic State and carried out the operation in answer to the calls to target the countries of the coalition fighting the Islamic State."
Amaq later released a video that purported to show the attacker, in which a young man waves a knife towards the camera and says: "I will slaughter you with this knife and will behead you with axes." Herrmann told Bayerischer Rundfunk TV that he believed the video clip released by Isis to be real and showing the man who carried out the attack.
A still from a video released by the Isis news agency Amaq purporting to show the Afghan teenager who attacked passengers on a train in Germany. Photograph: -/AFP/Getty Images
The teenager had been based in southern Germany since 30 June 2015, and only moved two weeks ago into a foster home in Ochsenfurt, close to the city of Würzburg, where the attack took place. The young man had received a temporary residence permit earlier in the year.
Directors of the refugee shelter in Ochsenfurt where the 17-year-old had been staying expressed their shock and grief at the news: "We've never had any form of incident here," the website of news weekly Der Spiegel quoted a coordinator as saying. "People treat each other peacefully here, that's why we are shocked and sad."
About 250 refugees are stationed in Ochsenfurt, about 60 of whom are unattended minors. According to news agency DPA, the teenager had been on a work experience placement at a local bakery and been receiving support from the German social ministry's youth welfare service.
The attack is seen as a wakeup call for Germany's security and intelligence services, after the country appeared to have previously been able to avert attacks of the kind seen in Belgium and France.
Security services in Germany say that since 2001 they have managed to successfully avert 12 attempted terrorist attacks with an Islamist motive, by cooperating closely with local community leaders and security agencies in other countries.
Community support schemes aimed at deradicalising young jihadis by working closely with their families had been hailed as a success around Europe.
Crackdown on British jihadis to include 'deradicalising' scheme from Germany
But the attack in Würzburg appears to be part of a growing trend towards "lone wolf" attacks by individuals who are radicalised suddenly.
German terrorist experts have drawn comparisons between Monday night's attack and an incident in Hanover on 26 February, in which 15-year-old student Safia S stabbed a policeman in the neck during a routine ID check.
Security agencies in Germany were still investigating the student's claims that she had been acting upon orders from Isis. Unlike the Afghan asylum seeker shot during Monday night's incident, Safia S had been raised in Germany.
According to Daniel Köhler, the director of the German Institute on Radicalisation and De-Radicalisation Studies, "lone actor terrorists" pose "a new challenge that we are struggling to come to terms with". When newly arrived unattended minors are radicalised over a short period, Köhler said, the security agency's previous strategy was largely rendered redundant. "We are effectively starting at zero."
"Over the last few years, counterterrorism strategy in Germany has focused massively on working with families to prevent radicalisation taking place," Köhler said. "Preventing radicalisation amongst refugees, however, will require lots and lots of catching up."
German charity Violence Prevention Network in April launched a project called Al Manara, which is aimed specifically at working with unaccompanied minors, a group it says are "particularly susceptible to recruitment drives on behalf of extremist salafists". However, the project only exists on a very small scale and is active only in Berlin.
Herrmann appeared to implicitly criticise Angela Merkel's strategy during the refugee crisis when he said that security agencies in his state were having to cope with the possibility of refugees entering the country under false motives, "a constellation that would have been unimaginable until recently".
Herrmann is a member of Bavaria's Christian Social Union, a sister party to Merkel's Christian Democrats. His party'sleadership has emerged as one of the most vocal critics of the German government's open-borders stance.
Renate Künast, a prominent member of the German Green party and former agriculture minister, earned criticism for a tweet in which she questioned why police had shot the teenager dead rather than merely incapacitating him.
Tragisch und wir hoffen für die Verletzten. Wieso konnte der Angreifer nicht angriffsunfähig geschossen werden???? Fragen! #Würzburg @SZ
— Renate Künast (@RenateKuenast) July 18, 2016
"When police forces are attacked in such a way, they will hardly go for kung fu," said Rainer Wendt, head of the German police union. "Regrettably that sometimes results in the death of the culprit, but that's hard to change."
Wendt said it was fine for state prosecutors to investigate if police officers acted in accordance with their guidelines, "but we really don't need parliamentarian smart-arses to do that".


text:
<?php

namespace Domain\Core;

class Currency
{

    Const REAL = "BRL";
    Const DOLAR = "USD";

    private $isoCode;

    public function __construct($anIsoCode = self::REAL)
    {
        $this->setIsoCode($anIsoCode);
    }
    private function setIsoCode($anIsoCode)
    {
        if (!preg_match('/^[A-Z]{3}$/', $anIsoCode)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException();
        }
        $this->isoCode = $anIsoCode;
    }

    public function isoCode()
    {
        return $this->isoCode;
    }

    public function equals(Currency $currency)
    {
        return $currency->isoCode() === $this->isoCode();
    }

}


text:
Film Review: OSS 117: Cairo, Nest of Spies (2006)
One of the early frontrunners for scooping some of the important Oscars next year is The Artist, a French film directed by Michel Hazanvicius and starring Jean Dujardin. It's been winning prizes at film festivals and it's set for wide release in North America on Dec 9. I don't doubt it's good because Hazanvicius and Dujardin created comedy magic five years ago in OSS 117.
OSS 117 is the codename for a secret agent who appeared in a huge number of pulpy thrillers in Europe in the 1950s. The novels led to some B-grade films and then, many years later, this spy spoof. Now, OSS 117 pre-dated James Bond, and his adventures didn't involve gadgets or supervillains, so bear in mind that this film is not riffing on the world of 007. Jean Dujardin plays Hubert Bonisseur de la Bath, alias OSS 117, and he plays him as an arrogant, patronizing, self-centred, slightly dim and very French exemplar of Western imperialism circa 1955. A French agent has disappeared in Cairo and OSS 117 is sent there to investigate the disappearance. French-Egyptian relations are not improved by his visit.
French comedies sometimes choke to death on high decibel silliness, but this script is a superb mix of wit, satire, slapstick, and, yes, some silliness. What brings it all to life is Jean Dujardin. This is one of the great comedy performances in the last ten years, the highlight of which is a scene involving OSS 117 having to pass himself off as an Arab musician. Dujardin plays the scene as though he was Peter Sellers reincarnated, and Sellers at his most brilliant could not have done a better job.
There's a sequel to Cairo called OSS 117: Rio ne repond plus, and it's good rather than great. Dujardin's other films alternate between drama and comedy, and the ones I've seen have been so-so. One of his earliest comedies was Brice de Nice. It's fairly amusing, and he's very good, but it maxes out on French silliness. So hurry up and hunt down OSS 117: Cairo, Nest of Spies so you can tell people that you knew all about Dujardin before he appeared in The Artist and was nominated for the Best Actor Oscar.
Posted by Cary Watson at 11:26 PM
Labels: Brice de Nice, James Bond, Jean Dujardin, Michael Hazanvicius, Nest of Spies, OSS 117: Cairo, OSS 117: Rio ne repond plus, Peter Sellers, The Artist
Book Review: The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet...
Film Review: The Artist (2011)
Christopher Hitchens, Drunk and Sober
Book Review: A Renegade History of the United Stat...
Film Review: Harper (1966)
Book Review: The Devil You Know (2006) by Mike Carey
Book Review: Crisis? What Crisis?: Britain in the ...


I have seen a lot of conversation on the forums surrounding how to monitor the status of calls placed into the Parking Orbits. I think that that it would be worthwhile to explore a deeper understanding of the Park Orbits within 3CX as well as how the 3CX Softphone manages to provide this information to us.
Let's begin with a simple explanation of the SIP SUBSCRIBE and SIP NOTIFY messages. At the most basic level, a client sends a SUBSCRIBE message to the PBX for a given extension. When anything on that extension changes (e.g., it starts ringing, is active, is idle, etc) then a SIP NOTIFY message is sent from the PBX to the client who subscribed to the events pertaining to the designated extension. An example of this would be if a receptionist has a BLF light on her phone to tell her the status of the CEO's phone. In this case the receptionist's phone has sent a SIP SUBSCRIBE message to the PBX for the CEO's extension. When the CEO's extension starts ringing a SIP NOTIFY event is sent from the PBX to the receptionist's phone to tell it of the event pertaining to the CEO's extension.
You have probably noticed that the 3CX Softphone seems to know the status of all the phones as well as of all the active Park Orbits, VoIP Lines, etc. Is this magic? Nope! It's simply using SIP SUBSCRIBE and SIP NOTIFY events. This of course begs the question, "how does my softphone know what all these extensions are in order to send SIP SUBSCRIBE messages for each one, especially when Park Orbits are created dynamically?" The answer is...it doesn't. When the 3CX Softphone first launches it sends a SIP SUBSCRIBE message for the special account "any‐dn". This is basically like saying "I want to SUBSCRIBE to everything." So, now, anytime any extension, Park Orbit, VoIP Line….has an event, a SIP NOTIFY is sent to the softphone. This allows the softphone to show you Park Orbits dynamically when they are created and destroyed.
Most hardware IP phones I have seen that indicate they support Park Orbits require these to be some type of true SIP account that it can send a SUBSCRIBE message and receive NOTIFY messages for. Obviously, this won't work with 3CX at the moment because the Park Orbits are not really true SIP accounts and are created dynamically. In the long run, this is the easier solution.
But, its important to understand what we might be able to do today.
What I do see as an interesting possibility is the creation of an XML application on the IP phone to handle this. What I am envisioning is that on the 3CX webserver side we could create a simple PHP application that sends a SUBSCRIBE message to the PBX for "any‐dn". Of course, we will then initially receive back a series of SIP NOTIFY messages to give us the status of all the existing DNs. The Park Orbits could be extracted from this and sent back to the XML requester (the phone who made the request to the PHP page). The PHP script can complete by cleanly ending the open SUBSCRIBE conversation.
I believe this would be a very straightforward way to allow a user to monitor park orbits and would not only give us status but also any other information that is sent back in the XML Presence structure that 3CX returns (but that's an article for another day). There is actually quite a bit we could here.
One thing I have found is that VoIP phone lines can make or break an install for 3CX. You can have the most well thought out 3CX deployment: great hardware, great phones, great software, great design.....but add in VoIP lines and if the end user hears jitter or garbage, the whole install is deemed a failure.
The issue with VoIP service is that there is so much happening between your 3CX box and the ITSP (Internet Telephony Service Provider) that you have chosen, that its practicaly on a whim and a prayer that you get good call quality. The provider can have a great system....you might implement QoS on your edge router, but you can't control whats between you and them.
The kicker of course, is that there is such a cost savings for SMBs (Small / Midsized Businesses) to use VoIP lines that it is extremely tempting and frankly, much more flexible than POTs and PRI.
I have spent some time in my firms home area and have been able to identify at least one privately owned ISP (which is easier to deal with than some goliath like ATT) that is not only an ISP but also provides VoIP trunks. But, to go further than that, they maintain their own physical connections to the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network). So they are a true ITSP NOT a wholesaler shipping your traffic to another provider.
What does this mean? It means that if they are the customers ISP....and also the VoIP dial tone provider....that the customers Outbound/Inbound VoIP traffic jumps directly to their upstream ISP and is placed onto the PSTN. As well, you have 1 provider who controls the end to end for both internet and voice on a single pipe.
Well, I am NOT AT ALL saying that the ITSP only companies out there are not good. That is not my point. What I am suggesting, is that there is too much happening between the customer and the ITSP to be able to ensure call quality and hence a happy end user. Furthermore, I am suggesting that localized ISPs, that can also act as an ITSP (and when I say this I mean they have physical PSTN connections in-house and are not shipping the VoIP traffic to some wholesaler) can offer some great benefits as well as more reliable call quality.
PS - Don't forget about our upcoming 3CXtreme training. Its going to be a lot of fun! We have a good venue and we're going to have a great small group of individuals who really want to dig in to the 3CX product.
So dont forget to sign up!
This December, Worksighted will be hosting 3CXtreme, an advanced 3CX training program for 3CX partners and end-users. The training comes just a few months after 3CX's Boot Camp in Florida and will provide a more indepth training that complements Boot Camp.
3CXtreme training is intended to be a high-touch training experience focused on advanced solutions available with the 3CX solution. This session's topics include Unified Messaging, XML development, Hot Desking, multi-office deployments, and more.
3CXtreme training will take place in a classroom-sized setting so we are able to better understand usage profiles for each attendee and customize the training to maximize knowledge sharing. This structure will also allow a better "community building" experience, where attendees and experts will have more meaningful interactions through intensive training and nightly activities.


More than just beautiful, three stone engagement rings are rich with symbolism and personal significance. The three stones traditionally represent the past, present and future of a relationship, but can also be interpreted to stand for friendship, love and fidelity or even take on religious significance. If you're looking for a ring with deep symbolism, three stone engagement rings should be at the top of your list.
Hatton Jewels offer a wide range of Three Stone Engagement Rings, designed to suit any budget. With 100's of different combinations to choose from or create, you will be sure to find a ring that suits your style. It is generally acceptable and aesthetically pleasing to consider any three-stone combination that contains two different shapes. For example, an oval cut diamond flanked with two rounds, or emerald cuts, with two brilliant cut diamonds either side. The symmetrical cuts give a balanced look with nice proportions and an even sparkle on each stone lend itself to a unified look across the ring.
That said, pear shape side stones, perhaps the second most popular type of side-stone usually lends itself best to accenting main stones that have rounded edges such as round, cushion, ovals or marquise cuts, so, with this style of ring you really are able to experiment and create a design that works for you.
Determining the size of centre stone relative to the carat weight of the side diamonds really is a matter of preference. Those who want to keep the spotlight on the centre diamond may opt for smaller sides while those who are after a bolder look might select larger than average sides to enhance the centre diamond shape.
There are other factors to consider when selecting the size of the side diamonds such as their length to width ratio and cutting style.
Once you have selected a band, you can too also add a further detailing with rows of small diamonds set into the ring to give an extra shine and flair.
With a three stone engagement ring, you are easily able to create a unique and tailored design to match your style and budget.
Can't find the exact Three Stone Engagement Ring design you want? Why not try our unique design your own engagement ring service? Our master jewellers will help you every step of the way in designing the ring to match your needs. If you need more information, why not get in touch or book an appointment at our boutique shop in Hatton Garden, London's famous jewellery quarter.
A charming three stone ring set in 18ct yellow gold. The oval cut sapphire centre stone weights 1.47ct, set with a four claw double gallery collet. The round brilliant cut diamond side stones weigh a total of 0.32 ct and are set with eight white gold claws.
An elegant vintage style platinum three stone ring, split claw set with three round old cut diamonds amounting to an estimated total of 0.93ct. The larger center stone weighing approximately 0.46ct, flanked by 2 further old cut diamonds weighing approximately 0.23 and 0.24ct each, with all stones graded G/S VS approx. The shoulders each bear a leaf motif, grain set with a small old cut diamond.
An elegant Edwardian 18ct white gold three stone ring, claw set with three round transitional cut diamonds amounting to an estimated total of 1.90ct. The larger center stone weighing approximately 0.70ct, flanked by 2 further transitional weighing approximately 0.60ct each, with all stones graded F/G VS.
An elegant sapphire three stone, inverse contrary to more common sapphire trilogies. The centre of this platinum ring set with a single round brilliant cut diamond weighing approximately 0.70ct and graded G VS. The principal diamond flanked by 2 rich, regal blue sapphires each weighing approximately 0.50ct.


« Should You Be Investing In The Stock Market?
Oftentimes people associate a real estate transaction with a lump sum down payment followed by monthly dues. While these ideas are surely components of buying a property, they are only the tip of the iceberg. The acquisition of real estate is much more complex than it appears, and too many people dive head first into the situation without knowing the true depths of the decision.
Below are the hidden costs of a real estate transaction that are commonplace within the industry. Consider these expenses prior to settling on your decision. Most of them are less than substantial monetarily on the scale of real estate, but when assessed cumulatively they can be a burden on your precious resources. Buying a house is dream for most people, but it's a process that requires and deserves calculated attention.
This fee varies by situation and can either be a flat fee or a percentage of the mortgage. It's often 1% of the borrowed amount, so a house costing $200,000 would demand a mortgage application fee of $1,900 if you put down a $10,000 down payment. Again, this fee is somewhat minimal on the scale of real estate, but if you're cutting it close it's very substantial and often unexpected.
Advice: You should avoid paying the application fee up front. The reason is because it's usually nonrefundable, and if you happen to stumble upon a sketchy broker they could just take your money and walk. The exception is if you have bad credit. In this case a lender might require a fee up front to cover the associated costs of your more complex application.
Although getting an independent appraisal on a property is meant to protect both you and the lender from above market prices, it's still an under recognized fee. This charge is usually several hundred dollars, depending on the specific geographic location and size of the house.
Advice: It's important to understand that appraisal fees have been implemented to help you, but they also cost something. It's just another fee to tack on to your list of expenses that usually don't get factored in to the equation.
Mortgage insurance is the safety net that protects the lender in the case that you default on the mortgage. Again, many people understand that mortgage coverage is necessary, but they often underestimate the expense of it. This insurance can be both private and public, private usually being the option if your down payment is less than average.
Advice: Make sure to take this into account, specifically the decision of how you want to spread out mortgage insurance payments. It's common for people to be presented with multiple options where payment is concerned, and it's wise to apply those options to your individual situation before agreeing on anything.
A land survey is part of the process for many homebuyers, if not all in certain states. If you're considering adding anything to a prospective property, it should be a mandatory step in your process. You want to know the exact boundaries of your property so that you know what you're buying and also where the limits are for you to build or add any features. These surveys can cost anywhere from a few hundred dollars to upward of $1,000. It's likely a wise decision for you to carry out this step in the process, but the expense is something to take note of.
Advice: Depending on the age, geographical location and type of your lot, these surveys can be more or less necessary. You will make the final call on whether or not it's essential, but it's worth considering the fees associated with the decision.
Most people understand that the physical process of moving their possessions from one home to another will be a hassle. What they often underestimate, however, are the financial implications of the physical move. Whether it's moving trucks, storage for any idle period or temporary lease agreements, among other costs, they add up.
Advice: Try and understand that the timing and specifics of your physical move can be deciding factors in the overall financial hit you take with the transition. Try and plan your move to decrease idle time and limit moving any unnecessary possessions.
Acquiring real estate is worth every penny. However, it's such a large-scale transaction that it surely helps to save money where you can. While certain expenses like the ones above are often compulsory for a successful purchase, calculated planning and efficient communication help reduce them and keep money in your bank account.
It's important to mention that it's not mandatory everywhere that people get appraisal fees, or even inspections, before buying either a new or pre-existing home. It's definitely a smart thing to do in both cases though.
It is important to understand all these fees because skipping one may incur penalties. There are different due dates and you must plan you budget around them.


text:
Open source database management.
MySQL is the second most-used open-source relational database management system (DBMS) in the world, and, like other similar DBMS, it uses SQL as the language of implementation.
MySQL builds on the language of SQL by allowing for a multi-user, multi-threaded DBMS, allowing your users to access many databases. It is often the preferred database for applications, particularly for web-based applications.
MySQL vs. SQL: Similar, but different.
As with SQL, the core function of MySQL is to manipulate and retrieve data.
How MySQL Is Different
While MySQL has many similarities with SQL, there are also some key differences that matter when it comes to choosing MySQL as the implementation of the language.
The main difference between the two is that MySQL contains an "open" and extensible storage system, whereas SQL is "closed" and proprietary.
MySQL does not support foreign keys which, in turn, makes it a slightly less relational database than SQL.
MySQL has a better performance engine than SQL. SQL requires more computer resources to run (e.g. disk storage and memory) as compared with MySQL.
When using MySQL, you can run a unique query cache. This cache stores both the query itself and the result. This function is currently unavailable when utilizing a standard SQL architecture.
How MySQL Is Similar
SQL is the language used by MySQL, but there are more similarities between the two that extend beyond that.
From a security standpoint, both MySQL and SQL structures provide acceptable default security mechanisms. Keep in mind that both must be patched and updated on a continual basis to keep up with standard security requirements.
Both database structures (SQL andMySQL) will work with PHP, .NET and J2EE.
adamMySQL 04.07.2014


text:
Krišľovce (Hongaars: Kisvölgy) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Prešov, en maakt deel uit van het district Stropkov.
Krišľovce telt  inwoners.

Gemeente in Stropkov