It is a pleasure to be with you this afternoon and I want to thank Governor Ehrlich for inviting me to offer a few words on the notion of mercy according to Blessed John Paul II.
As you know, John Paul II will be canonized later this month and I will be traveling to Rome (along with 4 million other people) for the event. I was a young priest and a doctoral student here at CUA at the time of his election and received the news while I was teaching a class. Pope John Paul II truly shaped my priesthood and ministry as a bishop and he has inspired many young people to follow Christ and to embrace their God-given vocations.
This saintly Pope affected many people's lives. Who can forget the picture of the Pope sitting in a prison cell with his would-be assassin, Mehmet Ali Ağca. It was a moment of mercy and reconciliation that captured the world's attention. When John Paul II visited St. Louis in 1999, he urged Missouri Governor Melvin Carnahan to commute the death sentence of Darrell J. Mease to life imprisonment. The Governor said that he did so because he was moved by the Pope's passionate appeal for mercy.
When the Pope spoke those words, polls showed that a substantial majority of Americans favored the death penalty. In recent years, those numbers have shifted. In any case, Pope John Paul II did not exercise his teaching office by the numbers.
Through my many years as a priest and a bishop, I have heard many calls for the Church to become "more compassionate". Presidents, Governors, legislators, and judges hear something similar. And indeed, we should be working to form a society where compassion and mercy are transformative values.
And we must admit that we have a long way to go. At times calls for compassion and mercy are put on the wrong foundation. Some years ago, Francis Cardinal George, the Archbishop of Chicago, pointed to a paradox in the approach of our culture to the question of mercy, over against the approach taken by the Church. He said that the Church does not permit everything but forgives everything whereas our secular culture permits everything and forgives nothing.
Moral relativism is a false foundation for mercy, the view that there is no such thing as an established moral order, no such thing as the natural moral law (the law etched on the human heart), and no such thing as objective right and wrong. Right and wrong is what the majority of citizens says it is or what judges, juries, and legislatures decree it to be. A merely positivistic view of the moral law leads to a harsher culture. It does not take into account human dignity and "the way things are" but rather only what the majority thinks is right and wrong. The morality of the ascendant – whoever they may be – is imposed on the rest of us whereas minority view, counter-cultural religious views, are excluded. The notion that there is no such thing as moral truth, while seeming to give a wide latitude to behaviors heretofore thought immoral, actually sets the stage for the strong to impose their views on the weak. Thus Pope Benedict spoke about "the dictatorship of relativism".
There is something else that goes along with this. If we regard morality simply as rules not really connected with human dignity and with "the way things are", then, in that context, forgiving simply means "forgetting" – saying, as it were, "what does it matter?" Mere rules can be changed; a morality etched on the human heart is another matter. Forgiveness does not mean sin doesn't matter. It does damage to the sinner, to those around him, to the Church, & to society. It offends against human dignity, weakens the Body of Christ, and detracts from the common good.
In her life of intense prayer and holiness, she encountered the God who is love. And her writings and reflections had a deep and lasting impression on Karol Wojtyla as youth, a seminarian, a priest, and bishop. He knew that the world needed the message of divine mercy as never before. He also knew that it needed the authentic message, not a watered down version.
In his exhortation on divine mercy, Pope John Paul II gathers together much of what Scripture and Tradition teaches regarding God's mercy. And for that reason, his thoughts focus on Christ who came not to impose some arbitrary law upon us but rather to reveal and restore our wounded human dignity – a dignity that flows from our creation in the image of God and from our calling to share his friendship eternally.
John Paul II never tires of repeating that when the Son of God took on our human nature and died on the Cross and rose from the dead to accomplish our salvation, he revealed the Father's love for us and at the same time 'he revealed us to ourselves' – he showed us how highly God regards us – to what lengths God the Father has gone to restore our dignity wounded by sin and to make us worthy of friendship with him. Pope John Paul II championed the notion that every person has not only an instrumental worth and dignity – i.e., a dignity that is tied to what a person owns or what he or she can do – but rather an intrinsic and transcendent dignity, i.e., an inherent, inviolable dignity granted by God that perdures even when a person is sick, incapacitated, and morally corrupt. Accordingly, for John Paul II mercy is more than the commutation of sentence; it has to do with the interior transformation of the person who is the subject and the recipient of divine mercy. Recall that in his homily in St. Louis where he spoke against the death penalty, John Paul II urged American society not to deny criminals the chance to reform.
Central to Pope John Paul II's notion of mercy is the interplay of justice and mercy. Pope John Paul II does not reject the demands of justice. He does not say that they should simply be set aside, that punishment for crime has no place in our judicial system or that repentance for sin has no place in the Christian dispensation. (Please know I do not wish to conflate sin and crime). Justice, after all, ought to be based on the truth of the situation: whether a crime or a sin were committed; by whom was it committed and in what circumstances; who was harmed and how, and what the short and long term consequences are likely to be.
Mercy does not bypass justice but passes through it, so to speak. Or, to put it another way, mercy must confront justice so that mercy might accomplish its own particular task. That task is not to assure the miscreant and the sinner that he escaped by the skin of his teeth, that he dodged the bullet, or that he otherwise worked the system. The task of mercy is to forgive in a transforming kind of way and for that to take place justice must come into play.
Justice, in the fullest sense of that term, means seeing one's misdeeds as God sees them. A more common but not unrelated understanding of justice is the ancient notion of the lex talionis, the law of retaliation, "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth". Put another way, the punishment must fit the crime. This notion of justice, flawed as it may be, fraught as it may be with philosophical problems, may not be bypassed on the way to mercy. How to conceive of and achieve some measure of equivalency between the crime committed and punishment meted out, remains a challenge. I won't solve that problem today except to add that deep down, something tells us that such equivalency exists, makes sense, and at some level is just. The upshot for our purposes is that one who is the subject of mercy must confront sin, call it by its proper name, acknowledge the harm it does to his relationship with God and others and to the world around him, and admit that he is deserving of some form of punishment. Justice sets in relief what is owed to those who have been harmed. It suggests ways in which such harm might be remediated. It forces the sinful miscreant to confront his sin.
And why is that important? Popular culture would suggest that this is simply a matter of Catholic guilt, that we Catholics peddle guilt and wallow in it. Yet the first step in transformation is the honest recognition of what's wrong. Without that step the reform of the sinner and/or the criminal will be little more than a sort of "Pavlovian" impulse control.
In the thought of Pope John Paul II, mercy trumps justice but what does that really mean? As we have seen, it does not mean there is no need for repentance or reparation. Rather we must confront the true nature of the wrong committed and the punishment that it deserves.
Mercy trumps justice, however, because it knows what it forgives. It does not trivialize sin or for that matter crime but instead grasps how such misdeeds wound human dignity – that of the agent and that of any and all victims. He who gazes into mercy's mirror sees a reflection of the wrong he has done. (Indeed, the greatest saints had the clearest understanding of their own sinfulness). Justice opens one's heart to one's need for healing and forgiveness. Mercy is that healing and forgiveness for which the human spirit longs, that healing and forgiveness which Christ came to bring, indeed, in the teaching of Bl. John Paul II he is "Mercy Incarnate".
Thanks for listening. God bless you!


Here is a listing of common color codes for Yamaha outboard motors. There is an industry standard set of wire codes in general use by most manufacturers except Yamaha. Colors listed here may vary with year & model but in general should be a good guide when tracing Yamaha wiring troubles.


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Pulse is now seeking to recruit a band 6 Physiotherapist specialising in elderly care, who is available to start as soon as possible to work full time hours for an ongoing period, working within an innovative NHS trust based in South West London.
Candidates applying will need to have previous experience of working within elderly care, rehabilitation as well as experience working within the community.
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Ophthalmologists can protect themselves by being familiar with relevant laws and documenting their industry consulting efforts.
Recently, federal agencies have stepped up their efforts to enforce health care fraud and abuse statutes by going after physicians' personal finances. According to Allison W. Shuren, JD, it has been reported that there was a threefold increase in 2017 in the number of instances in which physicians and other individuals were personally responsible in settlements under the False Claims Act stemming from government investigations. This increase is due to a greater willingness in the US Department of Justice and the offices of US Attorneys to hold individual physicians financially accountable for their alleged fraudulent or abusive actions.
GT discussed this trend with Ms. Shuren, a chair of the Life Sciences and Healthcare Regulatory Group at the law firm Arnold & Porter, where she represents clients in government investigations and qui tam actions involving the False Claims Act, Anti-Kickback Statute, Physician Self-Referral Statute, and health care fraud allegations.
GT: You reported at the Hawaiian Eye Meeting1 that there has been a threefold increase in cases in which physicians are being held personally financially responsible for fraud and abuse violations carried out by their practices. Why is this on the rise?
Allison W. Shuren, JD: Historically, the government has steered away from holding individuals accountable for settlement amounts, instead assessing penalties against corporate entities, but this hasn't led to any real decrease in the perceived levels of fraud and abuse in the system. Whistleblowers and their counsels have long advocated that, in order to achieve real behavioral change, individuals—not only corporate entities—must be held accountable. If physicians and others have personal wealth at stake, the reasoning goes, they will pay more attention to compliance with fraud and abuse laws.
GT: What is the difference between fraud and abuse, and why are they relevant to physicians?
Ms. Shuren: Fraud includes, for example, obtaining something of value through knowing misrepresentation, concealment of material facts, or offering or receiving something of value in return for ordering a particular item or service or for referring a patient. Abuse includes any practice that is not consistent with the goal of providing patients with services that are medically necessary, that meet professionally recognized standards, and that are fairly priced. Often, abuse cannot be differentiated categorically from fraud because the distinction between fraud and abuse depends on specific facts and circumstances, intent and prior knowledge, and available evidence, among other things. Physicians need to also be aware of so-called waste violations. Waste includes incurring unnecessary costs as a result of deficient management practices, systems, or controls—including shoddy bookkeeping and accounting.
GT: What can ophthalmologists do to protect their assets?
Ms. Shuren: The best way physicians can protect themselves is to become familiar with the federal fraud and abuse laws that are most relevant to them: the False Claims Act; the Anti-Kickback Statute; the Physician Self-Referral Statute, often better known as the Stark Law for its author, Congressman Fortney "Pete" Stark; the Exclusion Authorities; and the Civil Monetary Penalties Law.
Additionally, physicians can be excluded from participation in the federal health care programs for violating the Anti-Kickback Statute. Sometimes these exclusions are referred to as a financial death sentence because excluded physicians may not receive payment for treating Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. Commercial payers typically drop excluded providers from their networks as well.
GT: How can ophthalmologists be sure to avoid violating the Anti-Kickback Statute?
Ms. Shuren: They should avoid situations that could be perceived as asking for or receiving any remuneration—basically anything of value—in exchange for referrals of federal health care program business. This statute applies to both payers and recipients of kickbacks. Just offering a kickback could violate the law. The law prohibits obvious kickbacks, such as cash for referrals, as well as more subtle kickbacks, such as free rent, rent below fair market value, free clerical staff, or excessive compensation for medical directorships.
Numerous physicians have been sanctioned for allegedly selling their product loyalty to drug or device companies or other vendors. For example, an orthopedic surgeon who was accused of accepting kickbacks from a device manufacturer in exchange for preferentially using its artificial hip and knee joints recently paid $650,000 to settle the case against him.
GT: Is there an area in which ophthalmologists might be particularly vulnerable?
Ms. Shuren: Ophthalmologists should be careful when it comes to industry consulting fees. Some ophthalmologists are more closely involved with industry than others, but all physicians will encounter representatives of drug, device, and biologics manufacturers or other suppliers at some point in their careers. Some physicians believe that free lunches, subsidized trips, and gifts are innocuous, but research suggests that these types of perks, in conjunction with the natural desire to reciprocate, can influence prescribing practices and generally affect how physicians act.
GT: How can ophthalmologists who have consulting relationships with industry avoid being penalized?
Ms. Shuren: The key lies in careful record keeping. If a surgeon is collecting money from a company, he or she needs to be able to justify and support that a service was rendered. When we advise our physician clients, we stress that they must make sure that the company actually needs their consulting services and that the amount paid is fair market value for the services rendered.
Physicians' collaboration with industry is important for product development and for science, so we are not suggesting that ophthalmologists should avoid consulting. What we're saying is that both sides need to pay attention and do it in the right way. There must be documentation; the government demands record keeping on both sides. Under the Sunshine Act, companies must report what they pay physicians for consulting. As the recipients of these payments, physicians have a responsibility to keep track of the money they receive.
Lately, we have been working with several physician consultants. We try to help them understand how important this is and work with their staffs to develop spreadsheets to track and identify their consulting efforts. We stress that they need to be able to document, for instance, "Attended 4-hour advisory board at ASCRS." It doesn't have to be long or in depth—just accurate.
1. Shuren A. Trends in physician fraud cases. Presented at: Hawaiian Eye/Retina 2018; January 13-19, 2018; Maui, Hawaii.


text:
Q: Testbench for simple register file I want to test my register file before connecting it to ALU.
So I wrote a testbench for my register file.
// 16 x 32 register file with two read, 1 write port
 module regfile(
        input  logic    clk, we3,
        input  logic    [31:0] a1, a2, a3,
        input  logic     [31:0] wd3,
        output logic    [31:0] rd1, rd2);

logic  [31:0] RAM[15:0];   //16 regsiters

assign rd1 = RAM[a1];  // asynchronous read
assign rd2 = RAM[a2];

always @(posedge clk)
 begin  // synchronous write
if (we3)
    RAM[a3] <= wd3;
 end
 endmodule

and this is my testbench
module regfile_tb();
      logic    clk=0, we3;
      logic    [3:0] a1, a2, a3;
      logic     [31:0] wd3;
     logic    [31:0] rd1, rd2;

regfile uut(.clk(clk), .we3(we3), .a1(a1), .a2(a2), .a3(a3), .wd3(wd3),
.rd1(rd1), .rd2(rd2));

always  #5 clk = ~clk;
 initial begin
 a1=0;a2=0;a3=0;we3=0;wd3=0;
 #10
    we3=1;
    a1=5;
    a2=4;
    a3=6;
    wd3=15;

#100 $finish;
end
endmodule

So with above conditions the testbench output rd1 and rd2 will be don't care, but when I set all the input to same number the output will work and will be same as input.
I know this sound to me the output is following the input, but the schematic doesn't show that. So what could be reason for this situation.

My schematic looks like this one ( sorry i don't have access to vivado right now)

A: a1,a2,a3 are indices in a 16 entry table so should be only 4 bits wide.
Also in your test bench set an initial a value to all inputs from the start. Everything is undefined until #2.
I do not seen an initial value for your clock. So in your simulation your clock is probably 'x' all the time. That alone should have set all your alarm bells ringing.
Make a decent clock, not a single edge.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Browsing All Posts filed under »politics«
Copenhagen: Can you pass the Danish test?
by tim anderson If there is one thing that can be said about the current government in Denmark, it's that they are becoming rather predictable. Needing the proudly xenophobic/racist Dansk Folkeparti to prop up their minority/coalition government, the government has developed a nasty little habit of throwing their support behind various proposals propagating the idea of 'Danishness' (thereby helping to ward off perceived threats to whatever it is that this so-called 'Danishness' is...).
Copenhagen: Riots in the streets
by tim anderson News reporters in Copenhagen, and in particular TV2 News – Denmark's 24-hour news channel – recently had what was probably their biggest news week for several years. It all began with a police raid of the Ungdomhus ('The Youth House') in Nørrebro in Copenhagen on March 1, which succeeded in clearing […]
Berlin: Nazis creeping in
by michael scott moore
This appalling man Udo Voigt is not just head of a marginal neo-Nazi party but now a duly-elected politician in the Treptow-Köpenick district of Berlin. He's the guy who said, last year in a town called Gera, in a speech delivered between sets by white-supremacist hatecore bands, "We don't want a multicultural society! We know what that brings! In Berlin we've learned about the first school without a single German child. Should this be the future of Germany?… [Read more…]
"Anyone who wants this to be the future of Germany should vote for the established parties! Whoever doesn't want this to be the future of Germany should send the NPD to the national parliament!… [Read more…] We need, in Germany, at last, a true national politics. We have a dream — that the Federal Republic of Germany should go into the dustbin of history, as quickly as possible, just like the GDR. That's our dream. We dream of a free and prosperous and peaceful Germany for true Germans […] We have the blood of our fathers flowing in our veins and we are proud!"
Copenhagen: Trouble at Danmark's Radio
by sabine behrman
There is a common denominator for most public projects: more often than not they turn out to be much more costly than planned.
When it was announced that Danmarks Radio, the older of the two Danish public service companies, would move to new premises in the Copenhagen suburb of Ørestad, this seemed to be yet another attempt to bring life into an area, which the general population does not seem to want to embrace with particular ardour.
Copenhagen: He who pays the Publisher
by sabine behrmann The festival Images of the Middle East, which currently is trying to enlighten the public all over Denmark about contemporary culture in that part of the world, has had bad press for a very long time. There was trouble getting the festival arranged we were told – because of bad management. So […]
Vienna: Debating Speed Limits
by novala's europa
2006: 160 km/h in Austria?
Germany's biggest asset seems to be the non-existent speed limit on the motorways. I have to admit that I like going 200 km/h when appropriate and usually put a rock on the gaspedal as soon as I cross the border.
Without cruise control speed limits are tiring. Austria now discusses to raise the speed limit on motorways from 130 to 160 km/h. This would be a milestone in traffic politics.
Berlin: Anti-Semites Everywhere
by michael scott moore Utter malicious nonsense about Günter Grass can be read here, here, and (for old time's sake) here. Normally I like Hermann the German's blog, but he leads the pack with a sentence that sums up the posturing of the peanut gallery: "One of the leading German Gutmenschen of the past two […]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Posted December 30th, 2014 & filed under News.
The 2015 Calendar of Food Events showcases many events of interest. If you would like to see others listed, please let us know. Be sure to keep this bookmarked as we'll be updating on a regular basis.
President Obama signed the FY 2015 Omnibus Appropriations bill providing funding for the vast majority of the federal government. Included in that legislation is language that provides relief from the two new restrictions on the hours-of-service restart rule championed by Senator Susan Collins.
Posted December 29th, 2014 & filed under News.
The 2015 National Grocers Association Best Bagger Championship will be held on February 9 in conjunction with the National Grocers Show.
Posted December 24th, 2014 & filed under News.
Senate President Mike Thibodeau and Speaker of the House Mark Eves announce the Joint Standing Committee assignments for the 127th Legislative Session. The MGFPA will be invited to make introductory remarks before each of the Committee's of interest in early January.
MGFPA will track bills of interest beginning in mid-January and you are encouraged to follow as well.
Posted December 18th, 2014 & filed under News.
The Bureau of Alcoholic Beverages & Lottery Operations and Pine State Spirits announces Maine Spirits Statewide Campaign Strategy a new branding campaign for spirits sold at Agency Stores.
© 2019 Maine Grocers and Food Producers Association. All Rights Reserved.


Occasionally, we transform our main room into a gallery showcasing work by tattooers from all over the nation. You don't want to miss out on theses events. In most cases, the original works are for sale or prints may be available.
We update our Gallery often, check back here to see when the next showcase is scheduled.


BB Group was founded in 1940 by Late Mr. C. Dialdas, a visionary in every respect with a range of diversified interest, and is currently led by the Group's Chairman, Mr. Vira Dialdas Saikamala. Since its establishment the Group has diversified from their core business of Textiles into Real Estate Development and other segments including, Rice, Pharmaceutical, Energy, and Export apparels for Children, Women and Men. The Group is well recognized in the heart of Thailand as the developers of condominiums in Bangkok under the brand name of "Harmony Living".
Our market has expanded to China, Hong Kong, U.S.A., Brazil, Panama, and Chile. The group is led by pioneering entrepreneurs who with their extensive knowledge and experience have successfully driven the company, and executed and delivered project outcomes with excellence.


Made-for-Nickelodeon movie is so-so but fun for tweens.
Sentimental, inspiring tale about Little League underdogs.
Comedy about little people; in need of sensitivity training.
Boarding school comedy with bullying, strong messages.


text:
In Review: Convergence Action Comics #2
C level visuals bring this A level story to a B. An artistic letdown.
by Patrick Hayes June 2, 2015
The covers: The Wonder Woman of the Red Son saga is battling Power Girl against a fantastic red, white, and blue background, with stars and stripes strong. This is a great cover by Amanda Conner with both heroines looking great and the colors impressive. This should be a tee shirt! The Variant cover designed by Chip Kidd uses art by Keith Giffen and Wally Wood which is a tight close-up of an old school looking Superman face. He squints in a manner that would make Captain Marvel proud. Overall grades: Both A
The story: The domes have fallen after Telos' decree and Power Girl uses her powers to fly out of Metropolis to get answers about what's going on. But that's not all, "…and then I want payback for the last year of my life." As she nears one city, three missiles appear out of the sky before her, with one hitting her directly. She plummets to the ground wondering what just happened. Using her supervision, she spies a heat trail in the sky and realizes they came from an invisible fighter. She explodes off the ground, "There you are! Let's see how fast you are." Wonder Woman panics and contacts Lex Luther, designer of the plane, that she can't shake her pursuer. Power Girl grabs the jet's tail and that's when things get interesting. Superman may be on the cover of this book, but Power Girl is the star as she battles Wonder Woman in the Kremlin. Complicating things within the Kremlin is Stalin's breaking into Lex Luthor's lab, who's watching the pair of super women battle with cameras he's seeded throughout the city. He's joined in his viewing by his girlfriend Lois Lane. Every page of this story had a great turn, with one character's arrival changing the tone of the fight. This story by Justin Gray is good and shows how he should be writing the further adventures of Power Girl or the characters from Red Son. Overall grade: A
The art: Claude St-Aubin provides pencils and Sean Parsons inks on this fierce female fighting feature. Some art looks really good, and some not so much. The opening page is a good example of this: the characters look great as the panels close in on the two characters on the balcony, but look at the buildings behind them. It appears that an attempt was made to imitate the cityscapes of George Perez, but instead this looks like a crossword puzzle on the side of a building. Things don't improve on the splash on Page 2 with Power Girl's face just not looking right. However, the next two pages look great as she flies between cities and is attacked by the missiles. When the battle turns to the Kremlin and Wonder Woman is out of her jet, things are spectacular. The settings are highly detailed and the emotions on the characters' faces speak volumes, such as at the bottom of Page 8. Not looking as good are the Luthor-Stalin scenes, with the characters looking wooden. Look at Lois at the top of 10, or Stalin in the next panel. These panels and pages comprise half the book, so half of the book just isn't working; I mean, take a look at the bottom of Page 19–why is that robot's hand so big? If it's for perspective, he missed Superman's shoulder by several feet. Superheroes and the Kremlin, good, but normal characters and Metropolis, bad. Overall grade: C
The colors: A pair of talented colorists on this issue, Lovern Kindzierski and Hi-Fi. The green skies that first appear on Page 2 are beautiful, with Power Girl's com trail nicely paled. I like how the backgrounds in the Kremlin were really pale compared to the characters battling within, making them stand out against the detailed backgrounds. There's also some really nice shading and blending being done on Luther's minions when they reveal themselves. The coloring is the best on Page 12 in the third panel– a flawless use of reds, oranges, and yellows. There's also a really nice shine on the final page's last panel with the city's windows. The coloring of this book looks good. Overall grade: A
The letters: Dialogue, narration, book's credits, sounds, scene settings, and yells are created by Steve Wands. His sound effects, and there are many in this issue, put just the right amount of punch into this issue. I'm so glad he was allowed to insert them. Overall grade: A
The final line: C level visuals bring this A level story to a B. An artistic letdown. Overall grade: B
Amanda ConnerChip KiddClaude St. AubinConvergenceConvergence Action ComicsConvergence Action Comics 2Hi-FiJoseph StalinJustin GrayKeith GiffenLex LuthorLois LaneLovern KindzierskiPower GirlRed KryptonSean ParsonsSteve WandsSupermanTelosWally WoodWonder Woman
In Review: Grimm Tales of Terror #11
by Patrick Hayes - Jun 2, 2015
'Heroes: Reborn' Brings Back Mohinder
by Ian Cullen - Jun 2, 2015


If there are leaders in the Greater East Africa region with mutually congenial relationships, little can be found beyond the one between Ethiopia's Prime Minister, Hailemariam Desalegn and Kenya's President, Uhuru Kenyatta, gossip observed. It is as if the two leaders have the innate desire to resurrect the cordial relationship there once was between Emperor Hailesellasie I and Jomo Kenyatta.
Kenyatta, the father, was a student in London when Emperor Hailesellasie was crowned in 1930; he was known to hang the tricolor of Ethiopia's flag in his room. When he became the Founding President of the independent Kenya in 1964, Kenyatta revered the Emperor so much so that he ducked Liberia's leader, William Tubman, in Mombasa to honour Hailesellasie with the title of first head of state to visit the new Kenya.
Today, there are only three avenues in Nairobi all named after Heads of State: Kenyatta, Daniel Arap Moi and Emperor Hailesellasie. The Emperor paid Kenyatta in kind when he visited Addis Abeba in 1969, one of the two foreign visits – the other was to England – Kenyatta made during his reign of 15 years. Not only did he honour his admirer naming a main street in Addis Abeba after him, but upon his visit pilots from Ethiopia's air force had a stunning show cladding Addis Abeba's sky, with fighter jets forming the word "JOMO", so says history.
Last week, during Hailemariam's visit to Nairobi, the ease with which Kenyatta held his hand at a red carpet reception defied protocol and revealed their mutual liking, says gossip. Hailemariam may not have a road named after him; however, his visit has served a lot more purpose in regional politics than his diplomats are prepared to face, claims gossip.
Kenyatta has every reason to cherish Hailemariam's visit; their administrations have signed a deal pledging to finance the construction of an oil pipeline between the coastal town of Lamu and Addis Abeba. It is obvious the deal last week was hastily made for there hardly exists details on the scope, time and financing of the project, claims gossip. But it was a grand statement Kenyatta delivered to his neighbour down south after Yoweri Museveni of Uganda reneged an earlier deal with Kenya and moved on to Tanzania to export his newly found oil. The Kenyans no doubt felt betrayed.
Ironically, another leader in the region who may feel betrayed is Djibouti's Ismael Omar Guelleh whose government has signed a similar deal with Ethiopia to transport nearly one million tonnes of fuel a year from ports in Djibouti to mainland Ethiopia, gossip says. Back in February 2006, the two governments signed an agreement to see the construction of a pipeline at a projected cost of 1.55 billion dollars. It is to be built by the American-backed Black Rhino, part of the Blackstone Group, which hopes to raise one billion dollars debt in partnership with a South African company, Bafokeng Holdings.
Authorities in Djibouti and executives of Black Rhino were caught by surprise last week, learning about the deal between Ethiopia and Kenya only from the media, gossip disclosed. Not only does it appear that both projects are seen in Addis Abeba as tokenism; the diplomats responsible for the Africa Division may need to brace up to face the consequences of backlash from the Djiboutians and the Americans, claims gossip.


text:
using System;
using Gtk;
using FSpot.Utils;

namespace FSpot.Widgets {
	public class ScrolledView : Fixed {
		private EventBox ebox;
		private ScrolledWindow scroll;
		private DelayedOperation hide;

		public ScrolledView (IntPtr raw) : base (raw) {}

		public ScrolledView () : base () {
			scroll = new ScrolledWindow  (null, null);
			this.Put (scroll, 0, 0);
			scroll.Show ();

			//ebox = new BlendBox ();
			ebox = new EventBox ();
			this.Put (ebox, 0, 0);
			ebox.ShowAll ();

			hide = new DelayedOperation (2000, new GLib.IdleHandler (HideControls));
			this.Destroyed += HandleDestroyed;
		}

		public bool HideControls ()
		{
			return HideControls (false);
		}

		public bool HideControls (bool force)
		{
			int x, y;
			Gdk.ModifierType type;

			if (!force && IsRealized) {
				ebox.GdkWindow.GetPointer (out x, out y, out type);
				if (x < ebox.Allocation.Width && y < ebox.Allocation.Height) {
					hide.Start ();
					return true;
				}
			}

			hide.Stop ();
			ebox.Hide ();
			return false;
		}

		public void ShowControls ()
		{
			hide.Stop ();
			hide.Start ();
			ebox.Show ();
		}

		private void HandleDestroyed (object sender, System.EventArgs args)
		{
			hide.Stop ();
		}

		public EventBox ControlBox {
			get {
				return ebox;
			}
		}
		public ScrolledWindow ScrolledWindow {
			get {
				return scroll;
			}
		}

		protected override void OnSizeAllocated (Gdk.Rectangle allocation)
		{
			scroll.SetSizeRequest (allocation.Width, allocation.Height);
			base.OnSizeAllocated (allocation);
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Avalon Singapore is a super club is housed in the phenomenal architecture of a Moshe Safdie designed floating Crystal Pavilion at Marina Bay Sands. Surrounded by water with panoramic views of the skyline, Avalon packs a visual affair of state-of-the-art full color lasers, 3D mapping and high fashion interiors.
Spreading across 2 levels and 17 000 square feet, Avalon has the ability to morph into an elite concert venue, special events destination or clubbers paradise hosting world-class names in nightlife.
With a core belief of balancing Live Acts and Dance Music, it's no surprise the booming gateway to South East Asia is Avalon's latest playground. Boasting a decade's worth of high profile events from the MTV Movie Awards, to the Emmy's and Oscar's, Avalon promises to bring Hollywood glamour and New York Rock & Roll to Singapore.


ISLAMABAD, Mar 23 (APP):Malaysian Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohamad Saturday said enhanced people-to-people contacts and exchanges by promoting tourism were vital for strengthening bilateral relations and cooperation between Pakistan and Malaysia in diverse areas, including trade, economy and investment.
Dr Mahathir Mohamad mentioned the huge number of tourists attracted every year to Malaysia, which had only 32 million population, and said as he felt comfortable during his stay in Pakistan, which had all the ingredients to promote tourism and tap its potential.
Besides punishments, he said the menace of corruption could also be tackled by promoting ethical and religious values in the society.
He, however, added that leaders must not be corrupt, if they were then it was very difficult to check the menace.
At the same time, he said media should not be allowed to be used by the people, who had no knowledge about Islam.
Dr Mahathir also spoke about how his country, which was an agrarian society, achieved socio-economic progress and development through increased industrialization by attracting local and foreign investors.
He said for industrialization, foreign investors were offered various incentives, which later enabled his country's people, who acquired technical kills and know-how by working with foreign companies, to establish their own industries.
He said the promotion of technical education, skill enhancement and knowledge- based information and technologies were very important for industrialization of any country, including Pakistan.
Malaysia's automotive company Proton was establishing a car assembly plant in Karachi in cooperation with Pakistan's Al-Haj Automotive and the first Proton car would be on the road by June next year.
Prime Minister Imran Khan and his Malaysian counterpart performed the symbolic ground-breaking of the car assembly plant during the Pak-Malaysia Investment Roundtable in Islamabad on Friday.


text:
"CMT ON TOUR" ROCKETS INTO FALL WITH COUNTRY MUSIC STAR JASON ALDEAN AND SPECIAL GUEST LADY ANTEBELLUM
NASHVILLE, TN – Aug 13, 2008 – Following in the footsteps of country music's most celebrated headliners including superstars Keith Urban, Rascal Flatts, Sugarland and Brad Paisley, today CMT announces that Jason Aldean has been handpicked to lead the tradition into its seventh consecutive year. CMT ON TOUR '08: JASON ALDEAN featuring special guest Lady Antebellum kicks off at Western Carolina University on October 8 and continues through November 22.With stops scheduled in 20 markets across the country, CMT ON TOUR '08: JASON ALDEAN includes a number of college towns, whose young crowds make up the majority of Aldean's wildly passionate fan base. Tickets for the first weekend are on sale August 22 and available at cmtontour.cmt.com or Ticketmaster.com.
Aldean was selected by CMT for his electrifying stage show honed from years of performing live in bars and clubs across the Southeast. He leads the new crop of young country music stars with almost two million albums sold, five consecutive top 10 hits and a trove of accolades and awards.
Aldean is joined by reigning ACM Top New Group Lady Antebellum, whose debut album landed at No. one on the Billboard chart earlier this year. Additionally, newcomer Eric Durrance -Wind-up Nashville- has been tapped for the opening slot.
"It is such a surreal feeling to look behind the bus and see semi trucks with my name on them," says Aldean. "Even as this thing grows, our fans are the same young kids that have always come out to the club shows. They come to forget about school or work or whatever and have a good time, so that's what we are going to give them!"
CMT ON TOUR '08: JASON ALDEAN is produced by AEG Live and promoted by Outback Concerts.
Nov. 22 Cullowhee, NC
Bangor, ME Ramsey Center
Ervin J. Nutter Center
Memorial Auditorium
Johnny Mercer Theatre
Little John Coliseum
Columbus Civic Center
Diddle Arena
Convention Center at NIU
Weidner Center
Shrine Mosque Auditorium
Topeka Performing Arts Center
Bicentennial Center
Kay Yeager Coliseum
Murphy Center at MTSU
Salem Civic Center
Warner Theatre
Cumberland County Civic Center
Bangor Civic Center
For more information, visit cmtontour.cmt.com.
CMT, a unit of Viacom's MTV Networks (NYSE: VIA and VIA.B), is the leading television and digital authority on country music and entertainment, reaching more than 87 million homes in the U.S. CMT and its website, CMT.com <http://www.cmt.com/> , offer an unparalleled mix of music, news, live concerts and series and is the top resource for country music on demand. The network's digital platforms include the 24-hour music channel, CMT Pure Country, CMT Mobile and CMT VOD.


text:
Museum of Berkshire Aviation
Postcards from Slough
Slough Introduction
Places to visit in Slough
Slough Miscellany
Slough's Neighbourhood
Slough's Famous People
Slough at War
Trade and Industry
Transport History
Tipsy Trainer
Hawker Hurricane & Langley Airfield
Ford Transit and Ford Cargo
Le Mans and Formula One
Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall
Sir William Herschel
Henrietta Ward
Fiona MacTaggart
Cox's Orange Pippin
The Ostrich Inn
Coaching Inns & ex-Public Houses
Baylis, Farnham and Stoke
Britwell and Haymill
Chalvey and Salt Hill
Cippenham
Colnbrook and Poyle
Datchet
Slough and Wexham
Upton-cum-Chalvey parish
Concerts at St Mary's
Slough Garden Wildlife
Anne Diamond interview
This page is particularly subject to change as articles may appear here until a more permanent home is found for them.
Slough is 7·8 miles long and 2·8 miles wide. The town covers an area of 12·75 square miles and is made up of 14 Wards. It is dissected by the A4 trunk road and the Great Western Railway Mainline. The M4 motorway passes through parts of its southern boundary while the M25 motorway passes its eastern border.
Slough has 96 listed buildings
Four Grade I:
St Laurence's Church (Upton)
St Mary the Virgin Church (Langley)
Baylis House
Godolphin Court
Seven Grade II*:
St Mary's Church (Upton-cum-Chalvey)
Upton Court
Kedermister Almshouse (Langley)
Seymour Almshouse (Langley)
St Peter's Church (Chalvey)
The Ostrich Inn (Colnbrook)
King John's Palace (Colnbrook)
St Ethelbert's Church is Grade II listed
Eighty five Grade II listed buildings/structures include:
11 public houses or former public houses
2 churches
6 milestones
14 tombs
History of Slough's name
The first recorded mention of Slo was in 1196. In 1336 it became Sloo then Le Slowe, Slowe or Slow by 1437. General opinion is that its meaning is muddy land referring to an old hamlet between Upton and Chalvey.
Twin towns
Slough has been twinned with Montreuil in France since 1988. Montreuil was the headquarters of the British Army during the First World War. General Haig had his headquarters in the nearby Château de Beaurepaire. Montreuil is also the setting for part of Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables.
Since 2006, Slough has been twinned with Riga, the capital and largest city of Latvia.
My name is Gary Flint. I'm author, photographer & illustrator for Postcards from Slough. If you wish to make any comments on the contents of the website please click on the ladybird below:
Gary Flint
Postcards from Slough is an independently funded website. We are open to offers of sponsorship from companies that have any connections to the town. To contact us please click on the ladybird below:
Chalvey Community Forum
Postcards from Slough is linked with a local action group the Chalvey Community Forum. The group liaises with various local organisations in order to improve the quality of life for residents in the ward of Chalvey and Salt Hill. To learn more please click on the maidenhair leaf below:
I volunteer as a guide at the Museum of Berkshire Aviation. It is a special museum and if you would like to know more about the museum then please click on the motif below:
To learn more about the museums activities while staying within this website click on the tab at the top of the page or on the motif below:
Graces Guide
Postcards from Slough uses some images from Grace's Guide. Click on the button below:
Grace's Guide
Postcards from Slough contributes material to British Listed Buildings and uses the site for cross referencing purposes. Click on the button below:
© 2019 Postcards from Slough


My fruitless mulberry has been losing leaves for over a month. Yellowing and black spots. Does it sound like a fungus? We had record rainfall May-July, and leaves started falling in Aug. Tree is over 50 years old, but hate to lose it.
There can be a few reasons for the yellowing leaves.
Here is a link that may help you determine the cause.


Using the latest technology, laser dentistry involves specialized instruments that produce intense concentrated beams of light. This focused heat energy can aid in various types of dental procedures, often reducing bleeding, pain, and swelling.
A dental laser consists of an electricity source and mirrors that guide the beam of light, gas or solid matter through which the light passes, and a tube for directing the light. Different types of lasers exist, including soft tissue and hard tissue lasers. Their design and the wavelengths of light used depend upon the dental application. As well, the intensity and duration of heat, Wavelength of the laser beam, and pulse time depend upon the procedure the dentist is performing.
If a doctor wants to cut into bone or teeth precisely. With soft tissue lasers, these devices can cut into soft tissue while also sealing off blood vessels and nerves.


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Let us help you plan your excursions, accommodations and entertainment calendar around Kingston, the Blue Mountains and across Jamaica. From our signature Blue Mountain Coffee Farm Tour, to Kingston Studio Tours where you can meet reggae artists and share the moment as they record the latest hit songs, to Surfing Tours with our friends at Jamnesia in Bull Bay, you won't get bored. visit www.moonjamaica.com for more on where to stay and what to do in Jamaica.


As per Oxford dictionary, a research is the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources to set up facts and reach new conclusions and a report is a document containing information organized in many manners and may be communicated or presented in oral or written form. But writing a research report is not so easy. It involves careful observation and representation of facts in a lucid and narrative way. This article is a simple guide on preparing a good report as per international guidelines.
The prefered font is Times New Roman with a size of 12pt. There is also a prescribed format for the title page as shown in the image. Only the parts square are to be in font size of 24pt. Otherwise all the matters will also be in 12pt font size.
Please note that its not mandatory and different institutions may prescribe different formats for the title page.
The preferable binding is hard bound with black color as background.
The letters for the Front Cover should be printed in gold of font size 15 and font type Times New Roman.
All the writings should be in uppercase letters.
In the spine only title of research, year and place of study will be maintained.
The prefered paper size is A4 (201 X 297 mm; 80 GSM). You can also use 70-75 GSM paper but the color should be pure white and printing will be done on one side only.
As discussed earlier the recommended font type is Times New Roman with a font size 12pt.
Text should be in justify alignment with a line spacing of 1.5 or 2.
Single-spacing is only permitted in tables, long quotations, footnotes and citations.
All tables and figures must be placed within the specified margins and always try to put the table in a single page.
The last paragraph of the page should contain at least two sentences. If it does not, the paragraph should begin on the next page.
All page numbers should be printed 1.0 cm from the bottom margin and placed at the right hand side only.
Font size of 8pt is recommended for numbers.
Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, etc.) should be used in the Preface section.
Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) are used on the pages of the text (starting with the introduction page) and supplementary sections.
All the tables should be Centered aligned and you are free to use any line spacing option, but don't use line spacing below 1.
Tables should be labelled according to the chapter in which they appear. For example, tables in Chapter 3 are numbered sequentially: Table 3.1, Table 3.2, etc.
If the table/ figure occupies more than one page, the continued table on the following page should show that it is a continuation. For example: 'Table 3.7, continued'.
If the table/ figure has a citation, the source of the reference should be placed below the table.
All the above guidelines are also applicable to figures.
This is all about the different formatting guidelines set to prepare a research report which is a rigorously formatted document. Below are some of the characteristics of a good report.
Abstract should come before table of content and always try to make it concise which may not exceed 5% of total pages in main body of report. If you have to send it to company you may use the term "Executive Summary" instead of abstract and it should not exceed 10% of total pages in main body of report with maximum upto 10 pages.
Avoid plagiarism at all. If you are refering something give proper citation for the same.


Boclair House Hotel in Bearsden has been named Glasgow and Clyde's Romantic Hotel of the Year at the Scottish Hotel Awards.
The hotel also won the award for the Boutique Hotel of the Year for the area.
The awards were presented at a special regional event held at the Blythswood Square Hotel, in Glasgow, which celebrated the regional achievements of Scotland's best hotels and hospitality professionals.
The national winners will be announced on April 23 at the Scottish Hotel Awards annual Gala Dinner at the Crowne Plaza in Glasgow.
Manorview Hotels & Leisure Group invested three million pounds to create the hotel, which is a Grade B Listed building with landscaped gardens at the front.
The local landmark, which was built in tudor gothic style, has always been a popular spot for wedding photographs. It has a stunning castellated tower and a series of impressive archways creating a covered walkway reminiscent of Italian cloisters.


text:
layout: post
title: Design Patterns - Factory Method
date: 2016-04-20
weather: starry
categories: Design
tags: [Design]
description:
---

> [Design Patterns Category](http://raysxysun.github.io/categories/#Design)

> [Design Patterns Index](http://raysxysun.github.io/design/2016/04/18/DesignPatterns/)

# 3. Factory Method

- **Intent**:
	- Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory Method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.
- **Also Known As**:
	- Virtual Constructor
- **Applicability**:
	- a class can't anticipate the class of objects it must create.
	- a class wants its subclasses to specify the objects it creates.
	- classes delegate responsibility to one of several helper subclasses, and you want to localize the knowledge of which helper subclass is the delegate.

- **Motivation**:
	- Frameworks use abstract classes to define and maintain relationships between objects. A framework is often responsible for creating these objects as well.

- **Structure**:

- **Participants**:
	- Product (Document)
		- defines the interface of objects the factory method creates.
	- ConcreteProduct (MyDocument)
		- implements the Product interface.
	- Creator (Application)
		- declares the factory method, which returns an object of type Product. Creator may also define a default implementation of the factory method that returns a default ConcreteProduct object.
		- may call the factory method to create a Product object.
	- ConcreteCreator (MyApplication)
	- overrides the factory method to return an instance of a ConcreteProduct.

- **Collaborations**
	- ConcreteCreator to define the factory method(Creator declares) so that it returns an instance of the appropriate ConcreteProduct.

- **Consequences**:
	- 1.Provides hooks for subclasses.
	- 2.Connects parallel class hierarchies.

- **Related Patterns**:
	- **Abstract Factory** is often implemented with factory methods.
	- Factory methods are usually called **within Template Methods**.
	- **Prototypes** don't require subclassing Creator.However, they often require an Initialize operation on the Product class. Creator uses Initialize to initializethe object. Factory Method doesn't require such an operation.

> Interaction diagram

- Code Sample

		//product interface
		public interface Sender {
		    public void Send();
		}

		//two concrete product classes
		public class MailSender implements Sender {
		    @Override
		    public void Send() {
		        System.out.println("this is mailsender!");
		    }
		}

		public class SmsSender implements Sender {

		    @Override
		    public void Send() {
		        System.out.println("this is sms sender!");
		    }
		}

		//provider interface
		public interface Provider {
		    public Sender produce();
		}

		//two factory concrete class
		public class SendMailFactory implements Provider {

		    @Override
		    public Sender produce(){
		        return new MailSender();
		    }
		}

		public class SendSmsFactory implements Provider{

		    @Override
		    public Sender produce() {
		        return new SmsSender();
		    }
		}

		//test
		public class Test {
		    public static void main(String[] args) {
		        Provider provider = new SendMailFactory();
		        Sender sender = provider.produce();
		        sender.Send();
		    }
		}

> [Design Patterns Category](http://raysxysun.github.io/categories/#Design)

> [Design Patterns Index](http://raysxysun.github.io/design/2016/04/18/DesignPatterns/)


text:
Home > Books & Publications > DECORATIVE ARTS
Item# decorativearts
AGREEABLE SITUATIONS, Society, Commerce,and Art in Southern Maine, 1780-1830
"This fascinating volume celebrates the quality of life in the region through an examination of its historic collections." Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr. Paper, 1987, 289pp.
AGREEABLE SITUATIONS, Society, Commerce,and Art in Southern Maine, 1780-1830 paperback, ISBN_0-9617576-1-2
COLORING THE PAST: 1860s
Have you ever looked at an old family photo and thought their clothing was dull looking? Gray, black and white are what we see but in reality Victorian women wore clothing in apple green, orange, cinnamon pink and a whole range of other bright colors and subtle shades. This coloring book will change the way you view those old pictures. Includes suggestions of 8 pencil colors that were matched as closely as possible to the original colors used. Black and white illustrations ready for you to color! Paperback. 40 pgs.
COLORING THE PAST: 1860s 3162
CREATIVE MAINE-TRADE BANNERS and the CRAFTS THAT BUILT MAINE
This book celebrates the preservation of seventeen brightly painted banners that were carried by members of the Maine Charitable Mechanic Association in an 1841 Portland parade. In 2010 these proud emblems of the nineteenth century working class were threatened with dispersal to private collections and out-of-state institutions. Maine's cultural community came to the rescue by purchasing them at auction and placing them at the Maine Historical Society. Each color image of the banner is accompanied with a history of the trade it represents as well as historic photos, prints, or other related documents. Historical background on the Maine Charitable Mechanic Association, the Portland banner parade of 1841, Portland's merchantile ecomony in the 1820s, and a history of Mechanic Associations in New England are also included. Paperback. 59 pgs.
CREATIVE MAINE-TRADE BANNERS and the CRAFTS THAT BUILT MAINE ISBN_978-0-915592-41-8
A DEAF ARTIST IN EARLY AMERICA
John Brewster Jr. (1766-1854) was one of the most prominent early American portrait painters. His hauntingly beautiful portraits have a directness and intensity of vision that were rarely equaled, as the images in this book attest. Yet little has been written about the life of this Deaf artist. Harlan Lane, award-winning historian of the Deaf, argues that Deaf people are often visually gifted, and that Brewster, as a Deaf artist, is part of a long and continuing tradition.
A DEAF ARTIST IN EARLY AMERICA 0-8070-6616-8
hardcover:
FIBER ART MASTERS
A visual tour of 20 Maine artists' work and studios. This book is the brainchild of two women who have been immersed in various phases of fiber art all their lives. All photography by Christine Macchi unless otherwise specified. Full color photography throughout with biographical pieces on each artist. Paperback.
FIBER ART MASTERS 3696
FOLK ART IN MAINE
The publication of this book documents an unprecedented moment in Maine art history: the collaboration among several museums to form a Folk Art exhibition trail. Many of the artworks contained in these pages are typical of folk art forms found elsewhere in the United States: quilts, painted furniture, family records, pottery, portraits and landscapes. Others are particular to Maine's maritime culture, manifesting an abiding relationship with activities such as lumbering, shipbuilding, seafaring, trading and fishing. Color photographs throughout. hardcover. 143 pgs.
FOLK ART IN MAINE ISBN_978-0-89272-766-7
"I MY NEEDLE PLY WITH SKILL"
Combining color photographs of more than 125 pieces of schoolgirl needlework, nearly all stitched in Maine, and fascinating biographies of the sampler makers and their teachers, this book is an essential purchase for collectors and admirers of historic needlework. Written to accompany the comprehensive exhibition, "I My Needle Ply with Skill": Maine Schoolgirl Needlework of the Federal Era, at the Saco Museum, January 12 to March 2, 2013, this catalog includes pieces from across the state, documenting for the first time, bodies of work from numerous female academies of the era. While many of these schools were well established in southern New England states by the late 18th century, Maine developed private academies somewhat later. As these local academies grew and flourished new styles of samplers and needlework evolved that were unique to Maine. This catalog explores that evolution and offers a glimpse of a period of blossoming female creativity and accomplishment that transcended the societal limitations on women of the era, as young Maine women created masterpieces of intricate stitchery. Paperback 162 pages
"I MY NEEDLE PLY WITH SKILL" ISBN_978-1621371878
JOHN CARTER'S ABC FOR BOOK COLLECTORS
Here you will find over 700 alphabetical entries ranging in length from a single line to several pages, definition and analysis of the technical terms of book collecting and bibliography, interspersed with salutary comment in such subjects as auctions, condition, facsimiles and fakes, "points", rarity, and more. Ninth edition and first illustrated edition. Hardcover. 263 pgs.
JOHN CARTER'S ABC FOR BOOK COLLECTORS ISBN_978-1-58456-352-5
From homespun textiles of wool and flax and custom-made pine and hahogany cabinetry to furnace-fired iron works and redware pottery, author Paul E. Rivard has set out to communicate the great significance of the industrial epoch in forming Maine as we know it today. Rivard, director of the Maine State Museum for fourteen years and of the American Textime History Museum for eight years, has a reverence for history that is evident throughout his work. "Made in Maine" offers readers a glimpse into the state's essential past: the ingenious ways by which products came to fruition as the nature of industry changed. 2007 paperback, 160 pages.
Also by the same author: New Order of Things.
MADE IN MAINE ISBN_978-1-59629-218-5
We're sorry. This item is currently out of stock!
OLD TIME GARDENS
Originally published in 1901, "Old Time Gardens" by Alice Morse Earle was one of the most popular and influential garden books of the early twentieth century, and one of the first to be extensively illustrated with photographs. With the recent revival of interest in historic gardens and heirloom plants, "Old Time Gardens" has once again become a valued and essential resource for gardeners, landscape designers, and garden historians. This new edition, featuring an introduction by landscape historian Virginia Lopez Begg, makes this classic work available to a new generation of readers. Paperback, 489 pages.
OLD TIME GARDENS ISBN_1-58465-418-X
A PAINTER'S PROGRESS, Vol. II
For four decades in the second half of the nineteenth century, Harrison Bird Brown (1831-1915) was the most prolific professional landscape artist in Portland, Maine. In this second volume of "A Painter's Progress," Brown's career is further documented through the many articles about his life, work, and travels which appeared in the Portland Daily Press between 1863 and 1892. The compiler, Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr., has been the dirctor of the Maine Historic Preservation Commission since 1976 and was appointed by Governor Baldacci in 2004 to serve as State Historian. 2006 paperback, 101 pages.
A PAINTER'S PROGRESS, Vol. II Paperback
SAMUEL B. DUNNING
Samuel B. Dunning is significant in representing the first generation of architects to work in the state's smaller communities at a time when the profession was still emerging from its carpenter-builder origins. Author John V. Goff calls attention to this overlooked architect, and highlights his work through photographs, architectural diagrams, and text. Paperback, 35 pages.
SAMUEL B. DUNNING samuelbdunning
THE SHAKER LEGACY
Solid construction and honest functionality make Shaker furniture one of the most popular and timeless design categories. Based on extensive research and personal experience with the last working Shaker community in Maine, this book traces the roots of Shaker design to Shaker belief, which inspired the clean lines, careful craftsmanship, and signature details that define the style. The author also discusses the less known Victorian period of Shaker design and shows how this style has influenced subsequent ones. A bibliography, glossary, and index are included. Color photos throughout. Hardcover. 233 pgs.
THE SHAKER LEGACY ISBN_1-56158-218-2
SO FINE A PROSPECT, Historic New England Gardens
"Since the heart of garden history beats in the details, there sould be a regional guide like this for each part of the country. Well researched, accurate,intense,quirky, focussed on individual gardens- and immensely readable." Mac Griswold.
Paper, 1996, 233pp.
SO FINE A PROSPECT, Historic New England Gardens paperback, ISBN_0-87451-774-5
SOLDIER, ENGRAVER, FORGER-RICHRAD BRUNTON'S LIFE ON THE FRINGE IN AMERICA'S NEW REPUBLIC
A lavishly illustrated biography of itinerant engraver Richard Brunton-sometime soldier, artist, forger-that provides a unique window into the life of an artisan in America's early republic. Color plates throughout. Paperback. 123 pgs.
SOLDIER, ENGRAVER, FORGER-RICHRAD BRUNTON'S LIFE ON THE FRINGE IN AMERICA'S NEW REPUBLIC ISBN_978-0-880823265
WHY WE MAKE THINGS AND WHY IT MATTERS
In this moving account, Korn explores the nature and rewards of creative practice. Though not a "how-to" book in any sense, Korn wants to get at the why of craft in particular and the satisfaction of creative work in general, to understand their essential nature. Paperback. 179 pgs.
WHY WE MAKE THINGS AND WHY IT MATTERS ISBN_978-1567925463
WHY PRESERVATION MATTERS
Every day, millions of people enter old buildings, pass monuments, and gaze at landscapes unaware that these acts are possible only thanks to the preservation movement. October 2016 marked the 50th anniversary of the United States National Historic Preservation Act and historian Max Page offers a thoughtful assessment of the movement�s past and charts a path toward a more progressive future. Page argues that if preservation is to play a central role in building more-just communities, it must transform itself to stand against gentrification, work more closely with the environmental sustainability movement, and challenge societies to confront their pasts. Touching on the history of the preservation movement in the United States and ranging the world, Page searches for inspiration on how to rejuvenate historic preservation for the next fifty years. This illuminating work will be widely read by urban planners, historians, and anyone with a stake in the past. Hardcover. 207 pgs.
WHY PRESERVATION MATTERS ISBN_978-0-300-21858-9
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home | about us | privacy policy | send email | site map | view cartMaine Historical Society © 2011. All rights reserved. Site by webweavers


Welcome to the Butchers Wife.
Our wholesome, healthy meals have been taking care of mealtimes since 2013, allowing people to be the star of their own kitchen without the stress or mess. The Butcher's Wife was created by self-confessed foodie Hayley Brown, who is the other half of husband, Trevor Brown's celebrated Lennox Head Butchery. With ready access to the regions freshest ingredients, The Butchers Wife is grounded in a passion for creating tasty, home-style cooking that everyone enjoys, while helping busy people dish up nutritious dinners on the run.
We understand the pressures facing busy working people, and our gourmet range of delicious dinner options take care of mealtimes, while giving households a well-earned night off from the kitchen. Most dinners come on both single and family sized oven-ready trays, so all you need to do is heat and eat. Simple.
The need for balanced nutrition, infused with flavour, lies at the heart of our meal range. We believe that mealtimes are about people coming together, sharing stories about their day while eating healthy, wholesome and fresh cuisine. Our home-cooked dinners are your ticket to easy, guilt free evenings.
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2020 Election Recap
Jack Almoro, Staff Writer • December 29, 2020
All 50 states and Washington DC have certified their election results. Here's a look at how those voting results played out.
Kamala Harris makes history by being elected Vice President
Kristen Smith, Visual Content Editor • December 3, 2020
Kamala Harris continues to make history and pave the way for women in the United States as she became the first Indian American, African American, and female vice president elect in November of 2020. Harris...
What makes a swing state?
Jackson Collins, Director of Visuals • December 1, 2020
When it comes to election season, swing states are the element that keeps Democrats and Republicans alike on the edge of their seats. Yet, it can be unclear as to where this concept even originated. Also...
Upperclassman opinions on the 2020 election
Nylah Roberts, Staff Writer • November 23, 2020
Amy Coney Barrett elected into the Supreme Court
Hylah Phillips, Staff Writer • November 22, 2020
On October 26, 2020, Amy Coney Barrett was confirmed for the Supreme Court. She replaced Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who passed away on September 18, 2020, at 87 years old, after serving 27 years on the Supreme...
A timeline of voter turnout in the United States
Amanda Stevens, Staff Writer • November 9, 2020
The 2020 Presidential Election is showing record turnout in terms of numbers of people voting, and is the highest percentage of eligible voters in over a century.
Andrew Bourget, Website Editor • October 28, 2020
2020 Election Pre-Debate Report
Jack Almoro, Staff Writer • September 29, 2020


The Rendlesham Forest UFO incident has often been called "Britain's Roswell" after the famous New Mexico UFO event and at first blush does seem to be a close encounter of some kind, but as is often the case closer inspection can reveal confusion and contradiction in eyewitness testimony, supposed facts can turn out to be conjecture and the lack of tangible evidence is always a definite minus. Claims and counterclaims fly fast and furious as skeptics shake their heads and believers cry cover-up.
The forest of today is a far cry from the forest of the 1980s, extensive replanting following a devastating storm in 1987 has significantly changed its appearance, but important landmarks, connected to the "Incident" and linked by walking trails have been preserved. A sign and map provide details of what purportedly happened, where and when.
To the west projecting into the woodland is RAF Woodbridge and to the north RAF Bentwaters. The bases are presently deserted, but in 1980 during the height of the cold war they were fully functional NATO installations occupied by American forces under the overall command of Colonel Gordon E Williams. Woodbridge was under the command of Colonel Ted Conrad (replaced by Colonel Sam Morgan in midsummer 1981) with Colonel Charles I Halt as Deputy Commander.
The alleged encounter began on December 26, 1980, when an unidentified object was observed in the sky by personnel at the Woodbridge base who fearing a possible downed aircraft entered the forest by way of the base's east gate. What happened next is somewhat confusing and at times contradictory.
The first thing the airmen noticed were mysterious lights flitting about amongst the trees with another extremely bright light shining forth from an unknown source. Apparently a few personnel also saw a cone shaped object hovering over a clearing, one eyewitness (SSgt Penniston) later claiming to have seen landing gear. All concerned maintained that the object began to move away forcing them to give chase.
According to some reports, those involved were later found to be somewhat bewildered about what they had witnessed and afterwards were forced to sign documents swearing them to secrecy the process couched in thinly veiled death threats.
The next day a follow up investigation of the clearing where the mysterious object had been observed revealed three small depressions, some burn marks on nearby trees, and a few broken tree branches.
Apparently determined to lay the matter to rest Halt himself investigated on December 28. He and a number of personnel armed with radiation detectors entered the forest only to soon find themselves involved in an encounter of their own, this time near the forest's eastern boundary and the adjacent farmer's field. A voice on an audio tape made by Colonel Halt stated that local farm animals were frightened and noisy "We're hearing very strange sounds out of the farmer's barnyard animals. They're very, very active, making an awful lot of noise." A bright pulsing light close to the horizon and several star-like objects in the sky were also observed.
Initially reports of higher than normal radiation levels from the original landing site, in the depressions, at the center of the triangle they formed and on a nearby tree gave greater credence to the story, but later the equipment used was proven to be of the wrong type and never intended to measure background radiation, its readings virtually worthless. In addition rumors that the overall Base Commander communicated with diminutive aliens using sign language also appear groundless there being little or no solid evidence to back them up.
Many local residents when questioned stated that in their opinion the bright light was the local lighthouse, a fact seemingly corroborated by the Halt tape of the incident in which an airman can be heard calling out "There it is again. Watch, straight ahead of my flashlight, sir. There it is." the frequency of his calls matching that of the flashing light from Orfordness Lighthouse. The locals also stated that they believed the landing marks were simply rabbit diggings and the alleged burn marks nothing but the axe cuts used to mark trees designated for felling. It was also pointed out that there were no farm animals in the immediate vicinity, so they couldn't possibly have been the source of any noise.
Police from the local constabulary, after investigating, reported that the airport had no knowledge of aircraft that night, although; their were reports of aerial phenomena (possibly) alluding to a very bright meteor sighted over southern England or the report by a nearby resident of an unidentified object in the sky over his house, that the only lights that were visible were from Orfordness Lighthouse and that a physical search, of the immediate area, had produced no tangible results.
Other possibilities have been advanced over the years and include a bright planet, the Shipwash lightship (lightvessel) and even a downed Soviet spy satellite.
If the event has its detractors it also has high profile believers such as Nick Pope, a former MoD (Ministry of Defense) investigator, and Lord Peter Hill-Norton, former First Sea Lord, Admiral of the Fleet and Chairman of the NATO Military Commitee who questioned the British Government on whether they knew if Special Branch was involved. The answer he received was that while Special Branch may have been aware of the incident, they would not have shown an interest unless they perceived a threat to national security. Later after evidence came to light that there was in fact an extensive MoD file on the matter, the answer seemed contradictory and led to claims of government cover-up.
 As the years have passed Penniston's story has grown, becoming more and more outlandish, a lack of consistency and contradictory statements casting serious doubt on his integrity.


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In conjunction with her comprehensive museum exhibition "Dawn DeDeaux: The Space Between Worlds," on November 9, 2021, the artist gave a public lecture addressing the artwork currently on view at NOMA, as well as her larger body of work. Learn more about the exhibition: https://noma.org/exhibitions/dawn-ded… — Artist and speaker: Dawn DeDeaux Curator: Katie Pfohl, Curator…
Robert Gordy is considered one of the most original and creative Southern painters of the twentieth century. In the early 1980s, late in Robert Gordy's notable career as one of New Orleans' leading artists, he began to produce monotypes, by painting directly onto a printing plate. Increasingly, Gordy's monotypes were expressionistic portraits presenting highly emotional…
Jonathan "feral opossum" Mayers' was born where the Houma and Bayogoula tribes came together under the istrouma, le batôn rouge (the red stick). Baton Rouge and South Lousiana was more than a home for the artist; the swamps served as a playground and a source of continued inspiration for a young Mayers. The memories of…
Douglas Bourgeois' meticulously rendered work reveals incredible craftsmanship wedded with a masterful ability to express the artist's vision through obsessive attention to detail. He combines his technical rigor with a far-ranging grasp of the iconography of late 20th and early 21st-century culture. As noted by art historian Isabelle Loring Wallace, Bourgeois "purposefully adopts certain hallmarks…
Her art form? Sculpture. Her medium? The wind.
By Contributing writer NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune The Times-Picayune is marking the tricentennial of New Orleans with its ongoing 300 for 300 project, running through 2018 and highlighting 300 people who have made New Orleans New Orleans, featuring original artwork commissioned by NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune with Where Y'Art gallery. Today: sculptor Lin Emery. The icon: Lin Emery….
Wild Encounters – the story of what I do differently | David Yarrow | TEDxEton
This talk gives a retrospective of David Yarrow's work as a wildlife conservation photographer and the story of his different approach to photography. David also touches on his anticipations for the requirements of future photographers.
LPB Art Rocks! Interview with Jacqueline Bishop
In this episode of LPB Art Rocks!, we meet New Orleans artist Jacqueline Bishop, whose passion for the environment helps feed her creativity. Her paintings have inspired award-winning Chef Phillip Lopez to create a menu for a premiere event, The Art of Food, a dining experience like no other that will be held at the LPB Studios Sunday, October 22.
VIDEO: WYES | Steppin' Out July 7, 2017
WYES Steppin' Out host Peggy Scott Laborde speaks with Louisiana Life art columnist John Kemp about the NOMA exhibition Pride of Place: The Making of Contemporary Art in New Orleans, currently on view through September 3, 2017. Pride of Place showcases a selection of 20th-century paintings, drawings, photographs and sculptures recently donated to NOMA by prominent New Orleans gallerist and art collector Arthur Roger.
Holton Rower: Gigantic Cut Away
Watch as artist Holton Rower and his team create one of his Cut Away paintings.


Exynos 9820 is the successor to the current generation Exynos 9810 that is now powering the Galaxy S9, S9 Plus and the Galaxy Note 9. This new Exynos 9820 processor features a fourth-generation custom CPU, 2Gbps LTE Advanced Pro modem, and an enhanced neural processing unit (NPU). The onboard NPU is a separate hardware AI accelerator that performs AI tasks around seven times faster than the previous version, Samsung says.
Even though the press is now focused on the upcoming Samsung Galaxy F, the first folding smartphone of the South Korean company, Samsung Galaxy S10 leaks are also emerging on social networks, especially, which, honestly, excites all Galaxy enthusiasts out there. Such an approach would surely benefit Samsung's tall phones today, but it could be particularly useful in a phone that challenged one-handed use both horizontally and vertically. With an enhanced architecture design, the Exynos 9820's new fourth-generation custom core delivers around 40 percent improvement in power efficiency when compared to its predecessor.
Samsung quietly unveiled the Ice Blue Galaxy S9 and Galaxy S9 Plus. Known industry insider Evan Blass said the handset will feature a "punch hole" near the top of its display which will house its front-facing camera, speculating that the design in question may be advertised as the "Infinity-O" display, which is a term Samsung filed to protect earlier this fall. He added that Samsung has their own communication processor with 5G-NR and claims that the processor would most likely be used in Exynos based Samsung Galaxy S10s but not all the smartphones will utilize the 5G network.
We're still months away from Samsung announcing the Galaxy S10, but our first batch of rumors from a reliable source are here. The latter is a redesigned mobile OS that introduces a new design language for Samsung handsets.
Analysts believed the exemptions relieved concerns over volatility in global market caused by US sanctions against Iran . On Thursday, the United States granted Iraq a 45-day exemption from sanctions which it reimposed on Iran .
The Sandiganbayan said the former first lady can have provisional liberty if she posts a cash bond while appealing the conviction. Imelda Marcos was convicted on two counts of corruption in 1993, but the Philippine Supreme Court overturned both convictions.
After working with Victoria's Secret for 20 years, Adriana Lima is ready to hang up her wings. Here's the lowdown of all the looks that went down the runway.
In the final seconds of the first half, LeVert was contesting a drive to the hoop when he landed awkwardly and suffered the setback.
Superintendent Jon Wacker, from the Queensland Police Drug and Serious Crime Group, said the investigation "was far from over". In a statement , the QPS said "investigations were still ongoing" and urged anyone with any other information to get in touch.
The so-called Woolsey Fire grew overnight and the entire city of Malibu, which has 13,000 residents, has been told to evacuate. I'm just praying everyone is safe", she tweeted out around 2pm PST. "Pray for Calabasas", Kim wrote on an Instagram story .
Coming from non-filmy backgrounds, Deepika and Ranveer wanted to celebrate their wedding away from the country. Keeping it an intimate affair, the lovebirds have limited the guest list to only close friends and family.
The announcement means other companies can start building the voice assistant system into their own machines and devices as well. These enhanced tools include SmartThings Cloud Connector, SmartThings Device Kit and SmartThings Hub Connector.
Today, it mushroomed to 70,000 acres and apparently is still growing as fire officials report 0 percent containment. One building was burned in the fire, but firefighters were able to stop the blaze before it did more damage.
McSally's campaign and state-level GOP officials ignored national Republicans' tactics of casting doubt on the election's results. Kelli Ward and former Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio, McSally abandoned her previous support for moderate immigration bills.
According to The New York Times' Marc Stein, Anthony's time with the Rockets could already be nearing its end. It's my job, it's coach's job to figure this thing out. "That's a hindrance ... and we've got to fix that".
Switch to dark mode on the micro-blogging platform by going into Settings and Privacy Display and sound Turn on Night Mode . They aren't forcing everyone to move to a dark mode on their app, but they do at least want users to have the choice.
Redmayne has more of his own royal connections, too-he and Prince William go way back and have been friends for years. This weekend saw the royal family step out multiple times in London to commemorate the World War One Armistice.
ESPN reported Tuesday that ill-feeling over the exchange had flared into a confrontation in the locker room following the game. According to Haynes, "the organization is of the belief that Green cut too deep in his disagreement with Durant".
After we scored after our first goal we could have been a bit more aggressive and tried a little bit more. Victory left City two points clear of Liverpool and Guardiola told the BBC: "We deserved the victory".
Gio LO CELSO also scored, his was a shot which goalkeeper TER STEGEN tried to catch but it went through the hands of the German. It took five passes for the opener, the last a first-time drive from William Carvalho to free Junior Firpo down the left.
The Colonials (0-3) attempted to make a run in the second half, making six of their first nine shots, including four 3-pointers. DURHAM, N.C. (AP) — Zion Williamson had 27 points and 16 rebounds, and No. 4 Duke pulled away to beat Army 94-72 on Sunday.
CCF Wildfire Relief Fund: The organization helps provide long-term recovery efforts to those impacted by California wildfires. The overall death toll from the outbreak of fires at both ends of the state stood at 25 Sunday and appeared likely to climb.
The support page for this issue lets you enter your device's serial number to check if you're eligible for the fix program. Apple will also send an email to customers, who registered their device with Apple, to let them know about this program.
The Boeing 757 involved in the incident was originally delivered to ATA Airlines in 1999 and is registered as N524AT. Bowen said two elderly passengers were taken to the hospital as a precaution and the plane was safely evacuated.
Jose Mourinho has always been a big spender in the transfer market - not just since he arrived at Manchester United . The Manchester City vs Manchester United Premier League match is on November 11, 2018.
John Mellencamp & Meg Ryan Are Engaged!
Meg Ryan took to Instagram Thursday to confirm that she's engaged to John Mellencamp . She moved to New York City with Mellencamp in search of a fresh start.


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Home 72-27 Blog More about Gender-Based Division of Labor in the Home
More about Gender-Based Division of Labor in the Home
Dear Kimberly,
It was great reading your personal "observational study" of fathers and children delighting in their time together! And thank you for sharing your honest inner struggles as you've been noticing how these warm, happy scenes contradict the more rigid gender-based trait assignments that you've heard about in sermons (namely that women are emotionally equipped for caring for children in a way men are not).
In some ways, I'm amazed to see these old issues of separate "spheres" or "roles" rising up again in the 21st century. You ended your last post by referring to the wise comments of one of our readers who enjoys being a stay-at-home-dad while his wife works in a profession she enjoys outside the home. He talked about how much he and his wife love each other and their children and said, "In the end that should be all that matters, not what gender is doing what."
And he's right. His remark reminded me of a story I heard a woman tell years ago. She said when she was a young child, their busy mother had asked her brother to help out by washing the dishes or some such chore he didn't think the male sex should have to do. "I'm not doing that! That's girls' work!" he protested. Without missing a beat, their mother said, "Work doesn't care who does it. It just needs to get done! Now get busy!"
Biologically Determined Destiny?
But in spite of the common sense idea that tasks just need to be taken care of and "work doesn't know or care who does it," there's a kind of gender predestination that has often been assumed. Aileen S. Kraditor, in studying the history of American feminism, summarized the assumptions behind this notion:
Strictly speaking, men have never had a 'proper sphere,' since their sphere has been the world and all its activities. They have always been, accordingly, human beings who happened to be male. Women, on the contrary, have occupied sharply circumscribed spheres — the home, the church, the philanthropic society, or sewing circle — regardless of differences among individuals in talents and tastes, and have, accordingly been thought of as females who happen to be human." (Emphasis added. Aileeen S. Kraditor, ed., Up from the Pedestal: Selected Writings in the History of American Feminism. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1968, p. 10.)
Kraditor points out that it was taken for granted that what men would do with their lives depended on their particular potentialities and interests and could vary greatly. But what women would do with their lives was determined not by choice or talents but by by their gender alone. "Thus, it was proper for men to live for themselves — to achieve self-fulfillment by developing their individual talents — whereas women should live for others — to achieve self-fulfillment by caring for their husbands and children. Church and charity work was a logical extension of that role outside the home and hence was socially acceptable" (p.10).
Except that the church, too, has insisted on separate spheres for women and men! (You and I have already talked about that in our discussion of some pastors' fears about "feminization of the church," and I'm sure we'll return to it again.) It's no wonder a lot of people are confused!
The Nurturance Question
While women were expected to find their fulfillment in the home and denied it in the world at large, men were expected to find their fulfillment in the world at large and denied it in the home. Both genders get cheated in that way of thinking.
As you know, I like to keep all of this in historical perspective. We've already talked about the vast changes that occurred with the industrial revolution and later with World War II when women by necessity had to be both wage-earners and homemakers while so many men were away fighting in the war. But afterwards there was a great period of transition. War-related industries were no longer needed, factories were closing, and men were returning from military service and needed jobs. Historian William Chafe summed up the problem:
"The movement from a wartime to a peacetime economy threatened the advances women had made and raised directly the question of women's future economic role. Would female workers return to the home, or would they stay on the job? More important, would the nation allow wives and mothers to continue working, if to do so posed a threat to employment for men just back from battle?"
(William H. Chafe, The American Woman: Her Changing Social, Economic, and Political Role, 1920-1970, Oxford University Press, 1972, p. 175)
During this transition period, politicians, magazine writers, social scientists, preachers, and others began calling for a restoration of traditional gender patterns in the family structure. Fathers were expected to head households and support the family while mothers stayed home caring for the house and children.
Many women who had been in the labor force resisted, but they were swimming against a powerful tide. Discrimination was widespread, not only in wages but also in barriers erected. Chafe reports that in 1948, medical schools had a quota permitting women to make up no more than 5 per cent of students admitted. He also writes that "70 per cent of all hospitals refused to accept female interns; and medical associations like the New York Obstetrical Society barred women members" (pp. 184-85). The numbers of women aspiring to enter law and other professions declined.
To justify the sending of women back to the kitchen, biological arguments about women's nature were brought forward, along with religious, psychological, and other arguments. That was the background of the 1950s that I wrote about in my last letter. It was a lonely time for a budding young feminist like me, since I was doing the same kind of questioning as you're doing now, Kimberly, but with extremely little social support.
Then came the 1960s and 1970s when women with similar questions began speaking out and meeting each other. Traditional gender attitudes were being challenged as women listened to their own hearts and heads and insisted on their right to educational and occupational opportunities. And not surprisingly, the old biological arguments emerged again in a terrific backlash. (Actually they had never really gone away.) A political leader claimed women's "raging storms of monthly hormonal imbalances" made them unfit for high government positions. If a woman wasn't ecstatic about cooking, cleaning, and caring for her children and husband, with no other outlets for her intellect and energy, she was told that something was wrong with her psychologically.
Women's physical makeup was said to uniquely fit them for childcare. The message came from all directions. As a young mother in the late 1950s, I had thought of Dr. Benjamin Spock as a very common sense sort of person. I still have a well worn 1957 edition of Baby and Child Care in which he starts out with the reassuring statement to parents: "You know more than you think you do. . . . Don't take too seriously all that the neighbors say. Don't be overawed by what the experts say. Don't be afraid to trust your own common sense." And yet, I have in my files an old copy of an article he wrote in Redbook magazine in 1969 which contains this paragraph:
"Biologically and temperamentally, I believe, women were made to be concerned first and foremost with child care, husband care and home care (though of course they also are capable of taking on most of the other occupations and interests that have been men's challenges). But education has interfered with women's satisfaction . . . . It has persuaded many college-educated women –wrongly, I think — to respect only those occupations that require a university degree — and motherhood is not one of them. This has taken a lot of pride out of child rearing. Imagine how much more fun it was way back in the simple days, when to produce a baby was the greatest miracle any woman could perform — like discovering radium or writing a best seller today." (Benjamin Spock, M.D., "Mothers Who Try to Be All Things," Redbook, March, 1969, p. 60)
Dads and Nurturance
As you know, a lot of rethinking has gone on about gender roles in the nearly 40 years since Spock wrote that, but in view of sermons you're hearing and conversations you've been having, I know you agree that we still have a long way to go. You've several times mentioned attachment theory and the mother-child studies that have been done. But more and more research has also been done since the studies you read about in your psychology classes, which brings me back to the topic of your September 15 post and your questions about fathers and nurturance.
For some excellent material on the topic, check out the online resources available through the Denmark-based European Fatherhood website, which is designed for researchers and professionals who are concerned with gender equality and greater involvement of fathers in childcare, including taking advantage of the paternity leaves offered in various European countries. You'll especially enjoy reading "Men too are competent caregivers" by Svend Aage Madsen, Ph.D. who heads the project. Here is just a small sample of what he writes: "The historical and mythological image of the father as distant and absent and of men as unwilling or unable to care for their children is false. Current research has shown men to be just as capable as women at building close affectionate bonds with their infants and in providing the care needed for healthy psychological and social development in the child. Men's potential as caregivers is strong, and studies have shown that infants' attachment to a primary caregiver is gender neutral." He goes on to discuss the barriers against developing this potential and points out the need for changes in attitudes about masculinity and the workplace culture.
It's all about balance, Kimberly, for both men and women. Both the instrumental and expressive sides of life are important for all of us as human beings. Since both women and men are made in God's image, I believe all of us should be reflecting both aspects of life — the love side and the work side, in whatever ways either is expressed. How we do it is a matter for individuals, couples, and families to decide.
Again, I've gone on for too long! I guess we both just have a lot to say. But now I'll stop.
We Can't Just "Move Beyond" the Struggle for Gender Equity
Women Rising: Learning to Listen, Reclaiming Our Voice
The Making of Biblical Womanhood: How the Subjugation of Women Became Gospel Truth
katrin September 23, 2008 At 12:42 am
Men have come a very long way in being more involved in the household. It's still not a perfect balance between work and family and home, but they've made huge strides.
http://www.momstimeouts.com
About the 72-27 Blog
The 72-27 blog was written by Letha Dawson Scanzoni and Kimberly B. George from 2008-2010.
As they launched it in the summer of 2008, they were aware that the digits of their respective ages were exactly reversed. Letha was 72 and Kimberly was 27, hence the title and the numeric nicknames they use for their posts.
Letha Dawson Scanzoni (alias "72″) is an author, editor, and writing consultant who lives in Norfolk, Virginia. She is the editor of Christian Feminism Today and the EEWC-CFT website and has authored or coauthored nine books. Letha was one of the pioneering writers in the biblical feminist movement that began in the 1960s and '70s as second wave feminism arose.
Kimberly B. George (alias "27″) is a writer and teacher living in Seattle, Washington. She is currently working on a book tentatively titled, Bites from the Apple: Memoir of a Young Christian Feminist. It tells of her struggles to find and express her authentic voice as a young Christian woman awakening to third wave feminism in a new century. Kimberly also writes two other blogs: Shaft of Sunlight and Faith and Gender: A Necessary Conversation. As described in the first post, "How It All Began."
Index of posts with dates and authors is here.
More Posts by the Authors
Carolyn Bohler: One God, Many Metaphors
Jann Aldredge-Clanton Interview
Real Life Evangelism
A Profile of Writer Susan Campbell
Finding Colleen Fulmer
Christian Feminism and LGBT Advocacy: Let's Move Away from Slippery Slope...
Jesus Girls


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