text:
package com.fsck.k9.activity.compose;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import com.fsck.k9.activity.compose.RecipientMvpView.CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType;
import com.fsck.k9.activity.compose.RecipientMvpView.CryptoStatusDisplayType;
import com.fsck.k9.activity.compose.RecipientPresenter.CryptoMode;
import com.fsck.k9.activity.compose.RecipientPresenter.CryptoProviderState;
import com.fsck.k9.message.AutocryptStatusInteractor.RecipientAutocryptStatus;
import com.fsck.k9.message.AutocryptStatusInteractor.RecipientAutocryptStatusType;
import com.fsck.k9.view.RecipientSelectView.Recipient;

/** This is an immutable object which contains all relevant metadata entered
 * during email composition to apply cryptographic operations before sending
 * or saving as draft.
 */
public class ComposeCryptoStatus {

    private CryptoProviderState cryptoProviderState;
    private Long openPgpKeyId;
    private String[] recipientAddresses;
    private boolean enablePgpInline;
    private boolean preferEncryptMutual;
    private CryptoMode cryptoMode;
    private RecipientAutocryptStatus recipientAutocryptStatus;

    public Long getOpenPgpKeyId() {
        return openPgpKeyId;
    }

    CryptoStatusDisplayType getCryptoStatusDisplayType() {
        switch (cryptoProviderState) {
            case UNCONFIGURED:
                return CryptoStatusDisplayType.UNCONFIGURED;
            case UNINITIALIZED:
                return CryptoStatusDisplayType.UNINITIALIZED;
            case LOST_CONNECTION:
            case ERROR:
                return CryptoStatusDisplayType.ERROR;
            case OK:
                // provider status is ok -> return value is based on cryptoMode
                break;
            default:
                throw new AssertionError("all CryptoProviderStates must be handled!");
        }

        if (recipientAutocryptStatus == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Display type must be obtained from provider!");
        }

        RecipientAutocryptStatusType recipientAutocryptStatusType = recipientAutocryptStatus.type;

        if (recipientAutocryptStatusType == RecipientAutocryptStatusType.ERROR) {
            return CryptoStatusDisplayType.ERROR;
        }

        switch (cryptoMode) {
            case CHOICE_ENABLED:
                if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.canEncrypt()) {
                    if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.isConfirmed()) {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_ENABLED_TRUSTED;
                    } else {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_ENABLED_UNTRUSTED;
                    }
                } else {
                    return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_ENABLED_ERROR;
                }
            case CHOICE_DISABLED:
                if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.canEncrypt()) {
                    if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.isConfirmed()) {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_DISABLED_TRUSTED;
                    } else {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_DISABLED_UNTRUSTED;
                    }
                } else {
                    return CryptoStatusDisplayType.CHOICE_DISABLED_UNAVAILABLE;
                }
            case NO_CHOICE:
                if (recipientAutocryptStatusType == RecipientAutocryptStatusType.NO_RECIPIENTS) {
                    return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_EMPTY;
                } else if (canEncryptAndIsMutual()) {
                    if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.isConfirmed()) {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_MUTUAL_TRUSTED;
                    } else {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_MUTUAL;
                    }
                } else if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.canEncrypt()) {
                    if (recipientAutocryptStatusType.isConfirmed()) {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_AVAILABLE_TRUSTED;
                    } else {
                        return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_AVAILABLE;
                    }
                }
                return CryptoStatusDisplayType.NO_CHOICE_UNAVAILABLE;
            case SIGN_ONLY:
                return CryptoStatusDisplayType.SIGN_ONLY;
            default:
                throw new AssertionError("all CryptoModes must be handled!");
        }
    }

    CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType getCryptoSpecialModeDisplayType() {
        if (cryptoProviderState != CryptoProviderState.OK) {
            return CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType.NONE;
        }

        if (isSignOnly() && isPgpInlineModeEnabled()) {
            return CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType.SIGN_ONLY_PGP_INLINE;
        }

        if (isSignOnly()) {
            return CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType.SIGN_ONLY;
        }

        if (allRecipientsCanEncrypt() && isPgpInlineModeEnabled()) {
            return CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType.PGP_INLINE;
        }

        return CryptoSpecialModeDisplayType.NONE;
    }

    public boolean shouldUsePgpMessageBuilder() {
        // CryptoProviderState.ERROR will be handled as an actual error, see SendErrorState
        return cryptoProviderState != CryptoProviderState.UNCONFIGURED;
    }

    public boolean isEncryptionEnabled() {
        if (cryptoProviderState == CryptoProviderState.UNCONFIGURED) {
            return false;
        }

        boolean isExplicitlyEnabled = (cryptoMode == CryptoMode.CHOICE_ENABLED);
        boolean isMutualAndNotDisabled = (cryptoMode != CryptoMode.CHOICE_DISABLED && canEncryptAndIsMutual());
        return isExplicitlyEnabled || isMutualAndNotDisabled;
    }

    boolean isSignOnly() {
        return cryptoMode == CryptoMode.SIGN_ONLY;
    }

    public boolean isSigningEnabled() {
        return cryptoMode == CryptoMode.SIGN_ONLY || isEncryptionEnabled();
    }

    public boolean isPgpInlineModeEnabled() {
        return enablePgpInline;
    }

    public boolean isProviderStateOk() {
        return cryptoProviderState == CryptoProviderState.OK;
    }

    boolean allRecipientsCanEncrypt() {
        return recipientAutocryptStatus != null && recipientAutocryptStatus.type.canEncrypt();
    }

    public String[] getRecipientAddresses() {
        return recipientAddresses;
    }

    public boolean hasRecipients() {
        return recipientAddresses.length > 0;
    }

    boolean canEncryptAndIsMutual() {
        return allRecipientsCanEncrypt() && preferEncryptMutual && recipientAutocryptStatus.type.isMutual();
    }

    boolean hasAutocryptPendingIntent() {
        return recipientAutocryptStatus.hasPendingIntent();
    }

    PendingIntent getAutocryptPendingIntent() {
        return recipientAutocryptStatus.intent;
    }

    public static class ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder {

        private CryptoProviderState cryptoProviderState;
        private CryptoMode cryptoMode;
        private Long openPgpKeyId;
        private List<Recipient> recipients;
        private Boolean enablePgpInline;
        private Boolean preferEncryptMutual;

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setCryptoProviderState(CryptoProviderState cryptoProviderState) {
            this.cryptoProviderState = cryptoProviderState;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setCryptoMode(CryptoMode cryptoMode) {
            this.cryptoMode = cryptoMode;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setOpenPgpKeyId(Long openPgpKeyId) {
            this.openPgpKeyId = openPgpKeyId;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setRecipients(List<Recipient> recipients) {
            this.recipients = recipients;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setEnablePgpInline(boolean cryptoEnableCompat) {
            this.enablePgpInline = cryptoEnableCompat;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatusBuilder setPreferEncryptMutual(boolean preferEncryptMutual) {
            this.preferEncryptMutual = preferEncryptMutual;
            return this;
        }

        public ComposeCryptoStatus build() {
            if (cryptoProviderState == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("cryptoProviderState must be set!");
            }
            if (cryptoMode == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("crypto mode must be set!");
            }
            if (recipients == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("recipients must be set!");
            }
            if (enablePgpInline == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("enablePgpInline must be set!");
            }
            if (preferEncryptMutual == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("preferEncryptMutual must be set!");
            }

            ArrayList<String> recipientAddresses = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Recipient recipient : recipients) {
                recipientAddresses.add(recipient.address.getAddress());
            }

            ComposeCryptoStatus result = new ComposeCryptoStatus();
            result.cryptoProviderState = cryptoProviderState;
            result.cryptoMode = cryptoMode;
            result.recipientAddresses = recipientAddresses.toArray(new String[0]);
            result.openPgpKeyId = openPgpKeyId;
            result.enablePgpInline = enablePgpInline;
            result.preferEncryptMutual = preferEncryptMutual;
            return result;
        }
    }

    ComposeCryptoStatus withRecipientAutocryptStatus(RecipientAutocryptStatus recipientAutocryptStatusType) {
        ComposeCryptoStatus result = new ComposeCryptoStatus();
        result.cryptoProviderState = cryptoProviderState;
        result.cryptoMode = cryptoMode;
        result.recipientAddresses = recipientAddresses;
        result.openPgpKeyId = openPgpKeyId;
        result.enablePgpInline = enablePgpInline;
        result.recipientAutocryptStatus = recipientAutocryptStatusType;
        return result;
    }

    public enum SendErrorState {
        PROVIDER_ERROR,
        KEY_CONFIG_ERROR,
        ENABLED_ERROR
    }

    public SendErrorState getSendErrorStateOrNull() {
        if (cryptoProviderState != CryptoProviderState.OK) {
            // TODO: be more specific about this error
            return SendErrorState.PROVIDER_ERROR;
        }

        if (openPgpKeyId == null && (isEncryptionEnabled() || isSignOnly())) {
            return SendErrorState.KEY_CONFIG_ERROR;
        }

        if (isEncryptionEnabled() && !allRecipientsCanEncrypt()) {
            return SendErrorState.ENABLED_ERROR;
        }

        return null;
    }

    enum AttachErrorState {
        IS_INLINE
    }

    AttachErrorState getAttachErrorStateOrNull() {
        if (cryptoProviderState == CryptoProviderState.UNCONFIGURED) {
            return null;
        }

        if (enablePgpInline) {
            return AttachErrorState.IS_INLINE;
        }

        return null;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Episode #124: "Moana," "Bad Santa 2," and "Rules Don't Apply"
Happy post-Thanksgiving! First, we've got some singing, and then we've got a whole mess o' movies, beginning with Kris' take on Warren Beatty's RULES DON'T APPLY. Then Dave goes through BAD SANTA 2, and Evan wraps things up with Disney's MOANA. And then there's more singing (briefly!).
Episode #123: "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them," "Nocturnal Animals," and More
We've got movies coming out the wazoo this week! First, Dave and Kris tackle the ambitious Harry Potter prequel FANTASTIC BEASTS AND WHERE TO FIND THEM (at 4:00), which tries to cram five movies into one. Much to their annoyance, only three of those five movies are good. Next, Dave explores NOCTURNAL ANIMALS (at...
Episode #122: "Arrival," "Loving," "Moonlight," and "The Origin of Violence"
On this week's episode, Dave gripes about his record club's inability to send him records he wants, before discussing his burgeoning November beard and his latest Baby Henry story. After the guys get some good laughs in to compensate for their election sadness, Kris gets things going with ARRIVAL (at 6:10), a...
Episode #121: "Hacksaw Ridge," the Boston Jewish Film Festival, and the Coolidge Corner Horror Movie Marathon
On this week's episode the guys ponder the strange variety of foods available in New York City diners before they dive into movies. Kris kicks everything off with his rundown of HACKSAW RIDGE (at 4:50), Mel Gibson's World War II film about a conscientious objector who volunteers for military service. The first half...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: Different x axis for ggplot facet I would like to know if it is possible to create a ggplot with facet and different x axis?
My data looks like this
    id value group
1:   A    81    X1
2:   B   232    X1
3:   C    34    X1
4:   D    52    X1
5:  0%   242    X2
6: 10%    13    X2
7: 20%   291    X2
8: 30%    45    X2

so my current code looks like this
myplot <- ggplot(mydata, aes(id, group = group)) +
  geom_bar(aes(y = value, fill = id), stat="sum") +
  facet_grid(~group)
myplot

Which creates 2 plots with all id values for each plot and adds for group X1 value 0 for 0%,10%...
I would like to have two plot with different x axis which i could achieve with just doing two filtered plots but is it possible with facet?

A: As @Z.Lin suggested adding scales = "free_x" to facet_grid() solve my problem

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Adekunle Gold delivered - no half-hearted, 2 minute rehearsal patch patch type of show...No, THIS was a REAL show! A real show of humility, of art and of talent, it was the best in every way.
It was a GOLDEN moment for the Adekunle Gold, Smade Events, KLM - But moreso the culture. The dedication, effort and time shown by not only Adekunle but his amazing band The 79th Element showed and it paid off. The sold out show had the energy of a stadium but the intimacy of a one on one.
Undoubtedly one of the best Nigerian Artists of our time! We can't even describe the energy, from host AdeSope, DJ on Deck Cynthia MVP (Did we mention the BAND?!!!), surprise support from Mavin Princess Di'JA and bestie goals from Moelogo - and that was just on stage.
Backstage, it was laughter, prayers, unity and support - Organised to the T. Big SO KOKO Kongrats!


text:
1 arrested, 4 sought in Jersey City Heights shooting
Updated: Oct. 02, 2016, 8:42 p.m. |
Published: Oct. 02, 2016, 7:42 p.m.
Caitlin Mota | The Jersey Journal
Authorities are searching for multiple suspects who fled the scene of an early morning shooting in the Heights, nearly striking a police officer with their car, a city spokeswoman said. Caitlin Mota | The Jersey Journal
JERSEY CITY -- Authorities are searching for multiple suspects who fled the scene of an early morning shooting in the Heights, nearly striking a police officer with their car, a city spokeswoman said.
The shooting was reported just before 4 a.m. Sunday near School 8 on Franklin Street near Sherman Avenue. No one was injured and two shell casings were recovered, spokeswoman Jennifer Morrill said.
Police spotted a car in the neighborhood that matched the description of the vehicle believed to be involved with the shooting. The car, with five people inside, sped off when police ordered them to stop, Morrill said.
One of the officers was nearly struck by the car. Police chased the car to Beach Street where the five people inside the car took off on foot, Morrill said.
Police arrested one person, 25-year-old Rhudell Cruz-Snelling, of Kearny, near Kennedy Boulevard and Carlton Avenue. He was charged with unlawful possession of a weapon, possession of a weapon for and unlawful purpose, certain persons not to have weapon, aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, eluding police, aggravated assault on a police officer, and criminal mischief over $2,000.
The other four suspects were not arrested. The shooting remains under investigation.
Caitlin Mota may be reached at cmota@jjournal.com. Follow her on Twitter @caitlin_mota. Find The Jersey Journal on Facebook.


As we all know, that with the passage of time, the iPhone has become one of the best mediums of doing business inside the market world. Every single company has the wish to catch the smartphones in their hands and this is the main reason that they are eventually paving out paths as well. They are taking into custody with the premium use of iPhone application development companies. These companies are playing an important role in order to come up with the excellent iPhone application development services through the means of outsourcing.
Plus, the companies associated with the iPhone website development services are putting forward numerous application services that are user and business-friendly. Development companies are not just meant for iPhone smartphone only. They do offer their services for android phones, as well as windows and Blackberry. Therefore, it is always suggested that you should be taking the outsourcing help of the third party application development company so that they can tailor your website with affordable rating measurements. Above all, they are ideal for adding some new and latest dimensions inside the IT industry besides the world of the mobiles. Inside the market world, you will witness around with so many development sectors in which iPhone is ruling at home.
If we talk about the website development companies throughout the world, then there is a plethora of innovative consulting IT sourcing companies. These companies are swiftly offering the delivery of iPhone application development services in the web designing plus the website development and in the high range of the e-commerce association development.
On this detail overview discussion, it would not be wrong to say that iPhone website development is surely one of the growing industries that are coming up with a greater sum of advancement and improvement.


The celebrations clearly got a little bit out of hand.
IT SOUNDS LIKE the celebrations after Roscommon's victory over Kildare yesterday got a little out of hand, because someone lost their 'good jumper'.
The Rosscommon supporters were suitably aghast and sympathetic when they heard the awful news.
Please God is right. It's good to see supporters banding together at a time as difficult as this.
Godspeed, 'good jumper'. May you be reunited with your owner soon.
Update: A photo of the good jumper has now been released. If you have any information regarding its owner please contact tips@dailyedge.ie.
Email "UPDATE: Did you lose a 'good jumper' at the Roscommon match yesterday?".
Feedback on "UPDATE: Did you lose a 'good jumper' at the Roscommon match yesterday?".


text:
Хабуб (Haboob, от арабски habb — вятър) е силен вятър и пясъчна буря (или прашна буря) в северните и централните части на Судан, особено около столицата Хартум, където средният брой на пясъчните бури от този тип на година е 24.

Ветрове
География на Судан
Хартум

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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"Napoleon Dynamite" Neapolitan Cupcake Recipe | Exploring Food & Drink in D.C.
We don't typically preface most of our recipes with any introduction. We like to think our images speak for themselves. However, these cupcakes were a true labor of love *cough cough brilliance cough cough*… for a 5-year-old.
What exactly happens when your picky eater of a 5-year-old (completely out of the blue) says, "I want vanilla, and chocolate, and strawberry cake" for her birthday? Step one: Panic. Step two: Scour Pinterest, pray and possibly make a couple live sacrifices to the internet gods for a sign (or better yet an actual recipe). Step three: Realize panicking is futile, and that Pinterest is basically an existential trap for your creative soul, then resolve yourself to solve this problem like Einstein solved E=MC². Guys, this really was rocket science.
Obviously we named our cupcakes after the cult-classic film. A cupcake with mish mash of flavors, an explosion of colors, with outrageous personality – we couldn't think of a better or more fitting name. The best part of our "Napoleon Dynamite" Cupcakes is that you can use your favorite vanilla cake recipe. We happened to get lazy (we were working on these at 6:30am the day of the birthday), and used a Pillsbury boxed mix. We know, shame on us. But really, you'll probably thank us later for that suggestion. Our box mix said it'd make 24 cupcakes. It didn't. It only made 12, which was perfect. We wanted them bigger than life here people. BIGGER THAN LIFE.
Side note: Anytime something calls for vanilla, we break out the Madagascar Bourbon Vanilla Extract . We think it has some of the best vanilla flavor possible.
You will need piping bags, 1 large decorating tip, parchment paper, cupcake liners, and rainbow sprinkles. Make sure to SIFT your confectioners sugar.
1lb (2 sticks) Salted Butter – Room Temp.
While waiting for your cupcakes to reach room temperature, temper your chocolate by melting ⅔ of your desired amount over a double boiler, stirring constantly until chocolate reaches 110-115 degrees.
Remove from heat, and allow to cool by another 10/15 degrees.
Add your remaining chocolate, and stir until incorporated/melted.
Using a piping bag or baggie, pipe your designs onto parchment paper.
Pour over chocolate, and whisk until melted, smooth, and shiny.
Once cooled, gently pour on top of room temperature cupcakes starting in the middle and working out to the edges.
If working in a warm kitchen, pop the cupcakes into the fridge to allow ganache to set before frosting.
Over medium heat, bring strawberry puree to a boil, stirring constantly, and reduce by half. Adjust heat lower if necessary.
Once reduced, set aside and allow to cool.
Beat butter until soft and smooth.
Add in 1 cup of confectioners sugar, and continue to beat.
Add in 2 TBSP of your cooled strawberry puree and the vanilla. Continue to beat until incorporated.
Add in another 2 TBSP of strawberry puree, and another cup of confectioners sugar.
Finally, add in the remaining confectioners sugar, and 2 TBSP of strawberry puree, and continue to beat until fully mixed. If necessary, store your frosting in a plastic dish in the fridge until ready to use.
When ready, using a piping bag with a large decoration tip, pipe two layers of frosting on top of the chocolate ganache.
Top frosting with rainbow sprinkles, and chocolate piped design.
If tempered properly the chocolate shouldn't melt, however if you're worried the cupcakes will keep in the fridge for several hours before it's time to serve.
Tags: chocolate ganache, cupcake recipe, napoleon cupcakes, Neapolitan cupcake, recipe, strawberry frosting. Bookmark the permalink.
Oh these cupcakes look super yummy. I really love the frosting design and the cupcake holders really make it look even prettier.
These cupcakes look delicious. Love the variety.
What a beautiful work of art. Look so pretty and tasty.
I am a sucker for a yummy cupcake. Those sound awesome!
Every part of those cupcakes just makes me happy. I love this recipe!
That is awesome! They turned out so pretty, I thinking about making them for my daughter's birthday!
those are super cute, I wish my cupcakes looked that professional. I am filled from dinner but can have some room for this.
Wow, these look incredible! Thanks for sharing the recipe, can't wait to try it!
Oh I love cupcakes and yours look great. Thanks for sharing.
My daughter will love to make these!
I'm a big fan of cupcakes and those are beautiful! Will definitely try them!
Never really thought cupcakes could look this gorge!
What a cute idea. I have never had a napoleon cupcake before, but would definitely give it a try.
Those look beautiful, and very yummy looking.
That movie still makes me laugh! Cute cupcakes!
Not only do these look DELISH, but I love the name!
These look like such tasty cupcakes! LOVE the chocolate accents too! Strawberry is my favorite frosting too!
These cupcakes look amazing. Perfect to take to work for a special occasion. Pinned to my dessert board.
These cupcakes look like so much fun! My girls would totally love the rainbow sprinkles!
The cupcakes look like a lot of fun.
I was trapped watching Napoleon Dynamite on television just the other day. I couldn't stop watching it and laughing. Ironic I would run across your cupcakes today! Love it.


text:
Tag: Brian Hibbs
Comics Lowdown: Rio mayor arrives too late to seize 'Avengers' comic
Plus: Lynda Barry, 'Cathy,' Brian Hibbs and more.
Censorship: The Mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Marcello Crivella, sent a team of law enforcement agents to the International Book Fair in his city to confiscate any and all copies of Avengers: The Children's Crusade, on the grounds that it shows a same-sex kiss. The mayor was concerned that it was "sexual content for minors" and would lead the children of Rio de Janeiro astray, but the joke was on him: The comic had sold out by the time his officers got there. The festival organizers took him to court and won an injunction against any further seizures or attempts to pull the festival's permit, but the ruling was partly overturned the next day. "We will always continue to defend the family," said the mayor, an Evangelical preacher, who apparently found a drawing of a kiss to be a more pressing matter than the fact that 40% of Brazilian children live in poverty.
Late-breaking addendum: Despite Crivello's admonition that "Books like this need to be wrapped in black sealed plastic with a content warning displayed on the outside," the daily newspaper Folha de Sao Paulo put the image on its front page.
Continue reading "Comics Lowdown: Rio mayor arrives too late to seize 'Avengers' comic"
Author Brigid AlversonPosted on September 9, 2019 Categories Comics LowdownTags Avengers: The Children's Crusade, awards, Brian Hibbs, Cathy, Cathy Guisewhite, censorship, Comics Lowdown, Kevin McCloskey, Lynda Barry, Making Comics, Young AvengersLeave a comment on Comics Lowdown: Rio mayor arrives too late to seize 'Avengers' comic
Comics Lowdown: Indian cartoonist Mohan Tadi has passed away
Plus: Seth Mann, Bianca Xunise, Mimi Pond, Noah Van Sciver, Peter Bagge and more.
Passings: Indian cartoonist Mohan Tadi, described by one admirer as "a humanist cartoonist" and another as "the first cartoonist to introduce European satire to telugu journalism" has died at the age of 67. (Telugu is an Indian language.) Born in Andra Pradesh in 1951, Mohan studied at Andhra University and began his career in 1970 as a sub-editor at the Vishalandra Telugu, a daily newspaper. He worked for several newspapers and as an independent journalist as well as a cartoonist; he was also the head of animation for Sakshi News.
Continue reading "Comics Lowdown: Indian cartoonist Mohan Tadi has passed away"
Author Brigid AlversonPosted on October 1, 2017 October 1, 2017 Categories Comics LowdownTags Ben Humeniuk, Bianca Xunise, Brian Hibbs, Clay Mann, Comics Lowdown, Comix Experience, Diamond Comics Distributors, Hassan Siddiqui, Marie Kondo, Mimi Pond, Mohan Tadi, passings, Savage Critics, Seth Mann, The Life-Changing Manga of Tidying Up, Todd KleinLeave a comment on Comics Lowdown: Indian cartoonist Mohan Tadi has passed away


Wow, this is great work for any age. I really like the way you used the scribed lines, both to transfer the image and enhance it. You did a great job with color also, using the magenta and green opposition for color and shadows, just like you should. Use these oppositions also when the opportunity arises, brown and ultramarine blue, red and cyan, cobalt blue and orange.
All without black pigment, nice going.
Meryl, upload your new fresco images (or other media) here, to the online forum.


text:
Q: /usr/bin/time and time in multicore platform guys. I am confused about the result below:
1). time xxxxx
 real 0m28.942s
 user 0m28.702s
 sys 0m0.328s

2). /usr/bin/time -p xxxxx
real 28.48
user 0.00
sys 0.13

so. I have some question(user: 0m28.702s != 0, sys: 0m0.328s != 0.13):

*

*what's different between time and /usr/bin/time ?

*what's different in differnt cpu platform, one core or multicore ?

any suggestion?

A: It's quite easy to find out the answer to your first question using type:
$ type time
time is a shell keyword
$ type /usr/bin/time
/usr/bin/time is /usr/bin/time

So the first command uses a bash built-in, while the latter defers to an external program. However, not knowing what system you are using, I have no idea where that program comes from. On Gentoo Linux, there's no /usr/bin/time by default, and the only implementation available is GNU time that has different output.

That said, I have tried a command similar to yours (assuming it's working on a 1G file), and got the following results:
$ time sed -e 's/0//g' big-file > big-file2

real    0m40.600s
user    0m31.295s
sys     0m4.174s

$ /usr/bin/time sed -e 's/0//g' big-file > big-file2
35.06user 3.31system 0:40.58elapsed 94%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 3488maxresident)k
8inputs+2179176outputs (0major+276minor)pagefaults 0swaps

As you can see, the numbers are similar.
Then, given your results (0 userspace time is quite impossible) I'd say that your /usr/bin/time is simply broken. This might be worth reporting a bug to its author.


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Nov. 18, 2018 / 10:13 AM
CFB Roundup: Ohio State survives; Alabama breaks away
UPI Staff
Coach Urban Meyer and heavily favored Ohio State had to rally for an overtime road win against Maryland. Photo by Aaron Josefczyk/UPI | License Photo
Nov. 18 (UPI) -- It took a rally, overtime and a failed two-point conversion, but Ohio State was able to emerge with a 52-51 win over Maryland in Big Ten football action Saturday in College Park.
The No. 8-ranked Buckeyes were involved with perhaps the most-exciting game of the day, and very likely unwantingly. They were favored by 14 points, but trailed by that many in the third quarter and by seven with less than two minutes left in regulation.
Maryland tied the game with a touchdown in overtime, but failed to convert the two-point conversion in an attempt to end the game.
Ohio State compiled 688 total yards, with quarterback Dwayne Haskins running for three touchdowns and throwing for three more. Haskins finished with 405 yards.
RELATED CFB notebook: Houston's Oliver apologizes for sideline spat
Alabama 50, The Citadel 17
Tau Tagovailoa threw for three touchdowns and 340 yards, but Alabama struggled mightily before finally putting away The Citadel of the FCS.
The game was tied at 10 at halftime before the top-ranked Crimson Tide scored two TDs inb a 12-second span in the third quarter and breaking open a close game.
RELATED TCU's Jalen Reagor toys with Baylor defense with winding TD
Clemson 35, Duke 6
Trevor Lawrence three for 251 yards and two touchdowns and Clemson pummeled Duke to finish with a prefect record in the ACC.
The Tigers overcame a sluggish start in which they trailed 6-0 and led just 14-6 at halftime. Travis Etienne helped Clemson break away with 77 yards and two touchdowns in the second half.
Notre Dame 36, Syracuse 3
Ian Book threw for 292 yards and two scores and third-ranked Notre Dame raced past No. 12 Syracuse at Yankee Stadium.
Michigan 31, Indiana 20
Jake Moody set a school record with six field goals and fourth-ranked Michigan topped Indiana in a game that turned out to be closer than expected.
Georgia 66, UMass 27
Freshman James Cook ran for the first two touchdowns of his career and freshman Justin Fields ran for a TD and threw for two more, and fifth-ranked Georgia easily dispatched of Massachusetts.
New York honors U.S. women's World Cup win with parade


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Mitt. bot. StSamml. , Münch. 17: 449 (1981)

#### Original name
Epibryon odontophilum Döbbeler, 1981

### Remarks
null


inno you want proof that Christ walked on water? do you think that faith would hold any meaning if people believe because someone walks on water?
but first let's begin by saying that after 500 pages in this thread, you should have at least realized that the size of your font does not matter.
second, rest assured you did not invent anything new here, and it is not as if you have uncovered a unique and a recent perspective that will overturn all the tables upside down. we are all very aware about the leap of faith that takes one from Jesus the man to Jesus as God. Paul himself was a very rigid disbeliever, not only did he disbelieve in the divinity of Jesus, but he also acted on this disbelief and sent many Christians to their end. and yet look where he ended up himself, the great philosopher that he was. he made the transition from Christ the man to Christ the Lord.
third, Paul is not alone in this process, people have been making this transition for the last 2000 years, and in both directions, and yet you bring up the subject as if humanity has just realized it today. different people unlock their faith differently, some through miracles, some through understanding, others through human interaction, etc.. so if you have issues with the miraculous, the miraculous occurs around us every day, you simply do not see it. you think that turning water to wine is quite an unnatural phenomena? is wine and grapes and man storing them to be fermented natural? is the existence of man grapes and wine natural? is the existence itself with everything else it entails anything short of a miracle? is the adherence of all mater to the mathematical laws of physics ordinarily natural?
fourth, it follows that it does not take all that much to witness a miracle, everything around us is nothing short of miraculous, pending that you are able to think it through, something that you have not been able to do so far in this or in other thread. just out of curiosity, can you point out any constructed or elaborate arguments you have made so far in this thread? i am more than anxious to see that.
fifth, it then becomes obvious that the misfortune is that you (well, i am giving you too much credit here for parroting sagan, but let's stick to "you") take the word natural for granted, and seek the miraculous only in your tight perception of mythology, because you are unable to absorb how extraordinary everything is, and this inability to perceive the miraculous depth of all that there is, is in fact why anyone would formulate that statement as such "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence", or in your case, it is why anyone would parrot carl sagan as blindly as such. labeling existence as ordinary does not make it any bit less than miraculously extraordinary.
"Then Jesus told him, "Because you have seen me, you have believed; blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed." people do not need a miracle to believe, adherence to truth will inescapably lead to faith. atheism as such is not the norm, but rather the exception and the aversion against the signs that are present all over and everywhere.
Did you know these scriptures when you were a devout Christian? or did it only happen when you absorbed the knowledge of all popes, priests, and commoners combined, i.e., at the time you got shocked and dropped your devout faith which was espoused unto you by your parents?
How would you rate the level of your delusions at the time you were a devout Christian, i.e., before you were shocked by your own faith when you went deep into it? How did you overcome your own delusions? Was it Hitchens? Did he finally shock you and give you the depth of your thinking to finally reject your hallucinations? Were you treated by a professional for your hallucinations or was it a personal struggle?
Secondly, you base your entire knowledge of the bible from what your church has told you, not from real historians and scholars.
Is that how you acquired your knowledge when you were a devout Christian? How were you able to realize that there are real historians and scholars? How long did it take to transition from your devout Christian state - where your entire knowledge was based on the bible, to your enlightened Hitchensian state - when your entire knowledge became based on real historians and scholars? Can we establish a timeline?
There's no evidence that Paul ever met the man from Judea which this whole biblical legend was based on. Furthermore, there's much controversy surrounding Pauline letters. Their authenticity are disputed by scholars and some of the letters are pseudepigraphal as is the case for other authors of the bible. Point being, we know nothing about this man from Judea except from what is written about him by people who never knew him. What we do know is the character of Christ is an entire fabrication. This we can say with certainty and that's all that matters.
Before your enlightenment, did you really think the man in Judea was Christ? Did you really believe Paul met him at that time? How did you realize that Paul never met the man from Judea? Was it Giordano Bruno who made you realize that the man from Judea was fictional? Is it the realization about Paul that made you finally rational (after your devout hallucinating Christian state)? Is that how we can treat our delusions about the man from Judea that Paul never met? As a devout Christian at the time, did you really believe in miracles without extraordinary evidence, were you that naive??
Just a small comment on the cute "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence". It is quite a neat statement, it sounds authoritative and quite true. Yet, its origins is David Hume (of course Sagan framed it this way for pop culture consumption, but its nexus is from Hume) - and his "extraordinary" discussion has been rebutted and debated by numerous scholars (irrespective of Christianity, Miracles, or anything of the sorts). What is sad is that those who parrot it (and think that it's so strong) do not even know its origins, evolution, and actual context. It is really a shame when one's worldview foundations (regardless to which way they point) are based on memes and pop culture, flavored by half-smart looking statements like the one above.
I already told you that I don't play with cheats who keep shifting the goal post.
When you provide evidence for your initial claims, or you admit that you have no such evidence, we can move to any other point you feel like discussing.
We will be addressing one point at a time, or none at all.
These are basic academic principles necessarily applied and followed in any sort of objective investigation. A verse/text does not speak for itself, a verse/text is not its own interpretation, a verse/text claims x means this verse/text claims x according to this or that valid ( / established) interpretation/explanation of it. Also, as ridiculous as that may sound, you don't have be in agreement with the idea you would want to critique, the veracity of "someone saying or believing x" is distinct from the veracity of "x"; the two are sought-out and investigated independently of one another, and you don't have to accept the veracity of one, which you may consider irrational or ridiculous, in order to investigate the veracity of the other, and accepting/rejecting the veracity of one should not get in the way of investigating the veracity of the other.
'Jesus of judea' being the Christ of the Bible, or the claim 'Jesus of judea having died and resurrected', like any interpretation/explanation of a verse or text or a piece or set of data, is built on an all encompassing evidence in the form of a rational explanation/argument; consisting of a set of different types of evidence that are sought-out and established independently from one another and which corroborate one another with regard to the claim or interpretation or explanation in question. For instance, 'Jesus being historically claimed and honestly believed to have died and resurrected' can be addressed and established or refuted, regardless of your own view concerning the resurrection, independently of addressing and accepting/rejecting the resurrection. You can tackle the resurrection, and thereby then the whole claim, only by trying to offer a different explanation/interpretation of the historical evidence used in support of the claim or interpretation or explanation in question, a process which in itself might require seeking and tackling all sorts of evidence in addition to the mainly-historical type in order to tackle and answer respectively the different types of questions that the alternative/opposing explanation might pose and/or be required to account for.
It is historically sufficiently established that Jesus was a jewish messiah claimant. That a jewish messiah claimant being defeated and killed at the hands of israel's enemies was the definitive proof that the claimant isn't the messiah. That all the movements of other contemporary messiah claimants who were killed have vanished after the death of their corresponding claimants. That Jesus was killed at the hands of israel's enemies, that this event has caused the emergence - rather than the vanishing - of his messianic movement which consisted mostly of Jewish followers which in turn included former jewish persecutors of the latter, all claiming through their persecution and death that Jesus is the messiah. How do you tackle and explain this phenomenon?
Wikipedia -- Most scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed, but scholars differ on the historicity of specific episodes described in the biblical accounts of Jesus.:181 The only two events subject to "almost universal assent" are that Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist and that, between one and three years later, he was crucified by the order of the Roman Prefect Pontius Pilate. Elements whose historical authenticity are disputed include the two accounts of the nativity of Jesus, the miraculous events including turning water into wine, walking on water and the resurrection, and certain details about the crucifixion.
Your position and own quote from wikipedia are contradictory. Christ (the anointed one) is not real. Your "crushing majority..." comment is a result of your indoctrination. Embarrassing isn't it.
You've made a pretty strong argument for blind faith in your last soliloquy. The extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence is pure logic. A scientist like Sagan values speculation and skepticism over knee jerk superstition. Miracles have to meet that criteria, otherwise they are just superstitious hocus pocus. Take the stigmata of Padre Pio, a credulous ignorant theist would be inclined to believe its a miracle, while a sane common sense person would understand its a case of self mutilation. Therein lies the difference between superstition and common sense.
As usual, you're creating a new branch of pseudoscience with a corresponding methodology instead of common sense. In layman terms, you're running away from the cold hard facts. The bible is full of contradictions and inconsistencies, while hypocrisy and religion go hand in hand. More recent examples would be priests preaching love and tolerance to the choir while molesting children in their spare time. The biblical Jesus was a sadist and lunatic as evidenced by his ministry. A man who thinks he's god or his son or whatever has an ego problem, a man who purports to perform miracles is delusional at best, fraudulent at worst, and a man who would be willing to face torture and death for all of this is a sadist with a high degree of mental retardation.
you are a big liar out of touch.
There's also 1.8 billion muslims today who believe in peculiar things, the ancient Greeks and Romans believed in Zeus and a host of other gods... Numbers don't make something real.
Forgive me for forgetting his beloved mother and the virgin birth, the mother of all miracles. Mary's metamorphosis into a parthenogenesis velvet worm was a unique phenomenon that must not go unnoticed.
These are a well known and established principles applied by academics all over the world as a matter of basic requirement in their respective academic fields. Pseudoscience actually starts when said principles are discarded or not followed. For instance, we don't have to believe in the resurrection in order to investigate the veracity of the disciples' belief in it, and our belief, or lack thereof, in the resurrection doesn't have to get in the way of verifying the disciples' belief in the resurrection, this is basically how humans can actually conduct and obtain objective studies issued by all kinds of scholars, each with different/opposing personal belief or background, from all the different fields, and consequently build informed corroborative/conductive reasoned/objective arguments about any subject or topic.
Also, In the same vein, the often parroted 'extraordinary claim requires extraordinary evidence' has a inherent flaw that limits the scope of its application and discourages holding it as maxim for truth-seeking in general and scientific endeavors in particular. Anyone might easily believe their neighbor telling them he ran and won in yesterday's marathon, but rightly not that easily so if they told them they won the marathon by literally flying or jumping in the air over all the other participants. However, it starts to lose appeal and even become a hindering force when truth-seeking in general comes into the scene, namely, by shoehorning/qualifying the needed evidence rather than allowing for the evidence to lead wherever it may lead, or by constraining our truth-seeking and establishing activity from being constantly ready to be informed by whatever may be presented on the table.
You are yet to live up to your proclaimed paraded self and demonstrate, with the above criteria in mind, three different claims that you are recently, as in the past, still evading; a) Jesus not being Jesus of the Bible, and/or the resurrection, b) Jesus espousing evil c) Pio is a fraud.
The burden of proof is on the claimant, especially when the claimant is making outlandish statements without a shred of evidence, let alone extraordinary.
Secondly, whoever they may be, the writings of the biblical authors were a reflection of the times, were slavery and the subjugation of women were the norm, so it's not surprising that they would espouse this way of life. Now someone like you might be ashamed of such scripture, so you try to creatively apply other meanings, dig deep and bend their interpretation like a yoga stretch. With you it's so extreme that you've resorted to inventing a new personalized pseudo-philosophy just to avoid admitting the vile truth of such scripture. This is the ultimate weakness of theists, they get entrenched in their indoctrination out of fear of seeing their entire belief system collapse. It's really not all that bad living without the belief in guardian angels and fairytales.
All slaves should show full respect for their masters so they will not bring shame on the name of God and his teaching.
And a servant who knows what the master wants, but isn't prepared and doesn't carry out those instructions, will be severely punished. But someone who does not know, and then does something wrong, will be punished only lightly. When someone has been given much, much will be required in return; and when someone has been entrusted with much, even more will be required.
As usual, you're creating a new branch of pseudoscience with a corresponding methodology instead of common sense. In layman terms, you're running away from the cold hard facts.
Is that how you used to approach things when you were a devout Christian?
The bible is full of contradictions and inconsistencies, while hypocrisy and religion go hand in hand.
At your time as a devout Christian, what prevented you from discerning these inconsistencies? Also, after your conversion, how did the revelation of the truth of religion come to you; was it Hitchens? or Sagan? You never watched Sagan at the time of your devotion?
More recent examples would be priests preaching love and tolerance to the choir while molesting children in their spare time.
It is not completely accurate, some priests do it in their work time. Also a more contemporary example would be Giordano Bruno. He was burned at the stake!
The biblical Jesus was a sadist and lunatic as evidenced by his ministry. A man who thinks he's god or his son or whatever has an ego problem, a man who purports to perform miracles is delusional at best, fraudulent at worst, and a man who would be willing to face torture and death for all of this is a sadist with a high degree of mental retardation.
This would be true (IF he existed), otherwise, it's just a figment of your imagination. It seems despite acquiring the knowledge of all popes, priests, bishops, and Christ's vicars on Earth, you are still maintaining fragments of your delusions from back when you were a devout Christian, you really still think that a man from Judea walked on water and performed miracles? Your delusion treatment seems to have only partially worked. If you have not heard - "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence", unless you have extraordinary evidence on a lunatic from Judea (if he existed), your claims are moot.
Do you know what objective means?
Also, and especially to the gullible, any material/object of study, on its surface, may appear either consistent or contradictory/conflicting, any claim may appear supported or opposed by the presented corresponding material, the task, however, for any truth-seeker, is to validly demonstrate either position.
What exactly is a truth seeker? Please reveal your secrets oh truthful one.
How ironic that you of all people would say that.
Also, In the same vein, the often parroted 'extraordinary claim requires extraordinary evidence' has a inherent flaw that limits the scope of its application and discourages holding it as maxim for truth-seeking in general and scientific endeavors in particular.
No it doesn't. If anything the necessity to reliably prove something before taking it as a maxim is what drove scientific advancement. But you view that as a constraint since it disallows you from believing that Mary birthed a god while she was a virgin. Since you obviously know that that didn't happen.
Anyone might easily believe their neighbor telling them he ran and won in yesterday's marathon, but rightly not that easily so if they told them they won the marathon by literally flying or jumping in the air over all the other participants. However, it starts to lose appeal and even become a hindering force when truth-seeking in general comes into the scene, namely, by shoehorning/qualifying the needed evidence rather than allowing for the evidence to lead wherever it may lead, or by constraining our truth-seeking and establishing activity from being constantly ready to be informed by whatever may be presented on the table.
So stop yapping and present objective evidence that Mary was a virgin when she birthed god. Explain the truth to us if you please since you seem to be in intimate contact with it.
Exactly, as Sagan put it "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence", none of the forumers produced this evidence. They are still at the stae you were in when you were a devout Christian (just right prior to the knowledge you acquired when going deep into Christianity".
Secondly, whoever they may be, the writings of the biblical authors were a reflection of the times, were slavery and the subjugation of women were the norm, so it's not surprising that they would espouse this way of life.
There is no evidence that the biblical authors even existed. They were the figment of imagination of the population. Do you even know that the so-called bible was written anonymously?
Now someone like you might be ashamed of such scripture, so you try to creatively apply other meanings, dig deep and bend their interpretation like a yoga stretch.
Yet, they should get the meaning directly from the horse's mouth - just like you started doing AFTER getting out of your years of indoctrination.
With you it's so extreme that you've resorted to inventing a new personalized pseudo-philosophy just to avoid admitting the vile truth of such scripture.
Not to mention how this vile nature was practiced - case in point, the execution of Giordano Bruno a scientist, not a pseudo-scientist, at the stake!
This is the ultimate weakness of theists, they get entrenched in their indoctrination out of fear of seeing their entire belief system collapse. It's really not all that bad living without the belief in guardian angels and fairytales.
Yes, theists are like you were when you were a devout Christian: indoctrined, fearful, and delusional. They need treatment - the exact same treatment you got when you collapsed your beliefs and was able to live greatly without belief in fairytales. I suggests you share your experience in more details - how did you overcome your indoctrination? Was it Hitchens?
You really think Peter existed? There is no contemporary evidence that talks about Peter. For all we know, the above verses were written in the imagination of some man who lived in ancient Judea - why should we take them at face value? Extraordinary claims (i.e., that Peter wrote the above) require extraordinary evidence, can you produce that evidence? If you can't, we cannot discuss the above.
This verse comes from Pseudoepigrapha written by Paul, a man who never met the man in Judea (if he actually existed). Whatever a Pseudoepigrapha says is useless and just the figment of imagination of a delusional man, who never met the man from Judea (if he existed) nor do we know that he even exists.
Yes, this is how Christ and his vicars on earth treat people. Giordano Bruno was treated as a heretic and burned at the stake!
Matthew 13:42 " They will throw them into the blazing furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth."
Why are you so hung up that he abandoned his religion? Can't you just accept that some people no longer see a benefit in believing in gods and angels and would rather focus on other things?


A London Duck Tours boat had to be rescued by firefighters this afternoon after getting stuck in the mud at the bottom of the River Thames.
The vessel, which was carrying 28 passengers and two staff members, was towed to safety after becoming stuck close to Vauxhall Bridge and the MI6 headquarters in the centre of the capital.
The fire brigade sent four crews when they were called at 2.30pm after Duck Tours bosses were unable to get their tractor from Balham, South London, to the scene because of heavy traffic.
John Bigos, managing director of London Duck Tours, told MailOnline: 'The vessel got stuck in the mud. It's not the first time in the last 15 years a vessel of ours has been stuck in the mud.
'We asked the fire bridge because they happened to be there if they could take us back into the water because our tractor from Balham had not arrived due to heavy traffic.
Trips depart from near the London Eye, before the amphibious vehicles launch from a slipway. The craft used for the 'splashdown' were apparently originally used for the D-Day landings in 1944.
A London Fire Brigade spokesman said: 'Firefighters helped tow a tour boat to safety this afternoon after it became stuck on mud close to Vauxhall Bridge.
London Duck Tours has touted itself as the 'antidote to the usual bus tours' and promises to offer families an 'adventure on both road and river'.
The yellow boats - known as ducks - are said to help anyone 'enter the wonderful world of amphibious travel'.
Tours last around an hour and a quarter, with around 30 minutes spent on the river. They are advertised as the 'terrific fun for everyone, whether it's with the kids, an activity for family or friends, a special occasion, corporate event or even a date'.
According to the company, each boat is modified to meet 'stringent' safety regulations set by road and river authorities.
Each vehicle seats 30 passengers, has a public address system and is said to be fitted with full safety equipment.
'The vessel, which was carrying 28 passengers and two staff members, was towed to safety at St George Wharf Pier by the brigade's fire boat.
'All passengers and staff left the vehicle safely and there were no reports of any injuries.
A Metropolitan Police spokesman added: 'At 2.37pm on Friday, the MPS (Metropolitan Police Service) was informed that a boat was stuck in the mud at Albert Embankment.
It comes almost two years after a London Duck Tours boat caught fire opposite the Houses of Parliament in September 2013, leaving those on board with no option but to evacuate.
Astonishing pictures at the time showed passengers frantically trying to escape the billowing black smoke as tourists including children as young as six had to jump overboard as flames quickly spread.
Many leapt into the water, while others clung to the edge of the sinking vessel. Rescue workers and crews on passing tour barges helped haul 30 people to safety.
Three passengers, including a pregnant woman, were treated in hospital for smoke inhalation.
Also in 2013, 31 people had to be rescued when an amphibious tourist bus called the Yellow Duckmarine sunk in Liverpool's Albert Dock.
London Duck Tours has touted itself as the 'antidote to the usual bus tours', promising families an 'adventure on both road and river'.
The company offers a range of excursions including a James Bond Tour which is said to feature an 'adventure-packed' journey and passengers are warned: 'You'll be on the edge of your seat'.
Meanwhile a 'Pirates of Westminster' adventure is offered as a private trip. It is sold as a 'truly fun and memorable way to mark that special occasion'.


text:
Look up!
You need to see summer 2021's brightest meteor shower in the night sky
The Met Gala of meteor showers is here.
Elana Spivack
7.21.2021 6:00 PM
If we celebrated real, celestial stars the way we celebrate movie and TV stars, the astronomical Met Gala would have to be the Perseids meteor shower.
This cavalcade of bright orbs doesn't involve any actual stars but rather the large, burning shards that break off from a particular comet as the planet passes through its tail. We are in the midst of Perseids season now, and soon we will be treated to their most glamorous moment in the night sky.
What defines the Perseid meteor shower
The Perseid meteor shower is the most dazzling meteor shower of the calendar year.
These streaks break off from the 109P/Swift-Tuttle comet during its tour through the inner Solar System. The Perseid name stems from their radiant, which is the astronomical term for the part of the night sky where these meteors appear to fall from — near the constellation Perseus.
For those in need of an Ancient Greek history refresh, Perseus was the legendary founder of Mycenae and the hero who slew Medusa the Gorgon. He also saved his eventual wife Andromeda (whose name lives on as that of the galaxy closest to the Milky Way) from a sea monster.
Perseus is located in the northern hemisphere's night sky and appears near to the constellation Andromeda.
Perseus, in all his Gorgon slaying glory. Andrea Pistolesi/Photodisc/Getty Images
Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle was discovered in 1862, and it orbits the Sun once every 133 years. The nucleus — essentially the center — of the comet is thought to be 16 miles in diameter.
The comet itself is made up of a conglomerate of ice, dust, and other organic material. When Earth passes through the train left in its wake as it orbits the Sun, debris flying off the comet interacts with our atmosphere to create shooting stars. Italian astronomer Giovanni Schiaparelli is credited with discovering in 1865 that the Perseid meteor shower originated from the debris flaking off the comet.
When to see the 2021 Perseid meteor shower
The Perseids appear in the night sky annually, falling to earth between July 17 and August 24
In 2021, the meteor shower will appear at its most stunning at two specific times:
After 1 a.m. Eastern time on Thursday, August 12.
Before sunrise — which occurs around 6 a.m. Eastern time — on Friday, August 13.
If you're already on the lookout for future Perseids, the 2022 shower will occur between July 17, 2022, and August 24, 2022, and it peaks on August 12 and August 13. This will coincide with a Full Moon, which may obscure much of the meteor shower to our view.
NASA's All Sky Fireball Network can help you track the meteors as they fall to earth.
A meteor streaks across the sky during the annual Perseid meteor shower of 2016. NASA/Bill Ingalls
How to see the Perseid meteor shower
These falling stars are best seen with the naked eye. If you can get out to a remote, cloudless area, you'll be free of skyward obstructions and light pollution — and less light pollution means more visible meteors. A national park or rural spot would be best.
Part of what makes this show so spectacular is the zenithal hourly rate, or ZHR, which is the rate a meteor shower would produce under ideal conditions: a clear, dark sky, and with the radiant at its highest point. This year, the ZHR could reach 100 meteors per hour.
The Perseid meteors streak by at 37 miles per second, so it would be best to give yourself at least an hour for meteor gazing in case you miss some.
To improve viewing, allow your eyes about 30 minutes to adjust to the darkness. Avoid using screens that might interfere with your night vision.
This isn't the time to break out your binoculars or telescope, according to NASA, because of their minuscule field of vision.
While these meteors may appear to originate from within the constellation Perseus, they can appear in any part of the night sky. So get outside, look up, and enjoy the show.


Do you love scrapbooking challenges? Do you enjoy chatting on forums and making new online friends? Then you may have what it takes to be a member of our Master Chef Challenge Team at Cookin' Up Scrapbooking Creations!
Cookin' up Creations focuses on our Blue Plate Special Challenges, and we want YOU to be a part of it! We offer a NEW challenge each day except Mondays on our forum, with a prize drawing at the end of each month. We are looking for five to six new team members for a six-month term.
We offer you the opportunity to showcase your work and a chance to expand your creativity through participation on our Challenge Team. Challenge Team members are eligible for the prize drawings. All past and present members are encouraged to reapply.
Submissions will be taken through June 16th, 2013 at 9:00 pm EST. Challenge Team members will be notified no later than June 22nd, 2012 via email. Your position will begin immediately after your acceptance. Your "official" term will begin on July 1st, 2013 and end December 31st, 2013.
Send the following requirements to [email protected]. Please put "Challenge Team Entry" in the subject line.
-Links to your personal blog and online gallery *do not have to have a blog to be considered.
Each applicant must have at least 15 posts on our forum. We would like to have the opportunity to get to know each of you before making our final decision, and encourage you to share your work with us here at Cookin' up Creations.
We encourage each applicant/participant to check out our Blue Plate Special Challenge Forum, and familiarize yourself with it, and how it works.
*If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask.
Come join us for lots of challenges and prizes the entire month of June!
We have a beautiful color palette for you this month to inspire your Shabby Chic creativeness!!
Click on the link and see the soft colours…..
There's an amazing prize of pretty gauze pieces of several colors to win!
Sketches4All is looking for a Guest Designer for July. If you'd like apply, just visit our site and let us know your interested in the link provided.
Looking for a reason to use your die cutting machines? Check out our June Challenge. All you have to do is use a die and create a new project. You can add any kind of project as long as you used a die cut. You may have a favorite die or even a few dies you haven't used yet. Plug in those die cutting machines or use your favorite manual die cutting machine and submit your project soon.
Your challenge this month is to scrap about a husband and wife relationship and the love you see/experience because of it. The scrap twist is that you can only use cardstock, NO PATTERNED PAPER! The couple you choose can be you and your spouse, your parents, grandparents, or any other couple whose love for one another inspires you.
2 prizes from CitrusTwist Kits available!
We have a beautiful sketch created by Michele Singh for the month of June. You do not need to be a member of C'est Magnifique Kits to participate- it is open to anyone, Internationally!
-Create a layout based on the sketch by midnight of June 30th.
We have a beautiful sketch created by Michele Singh for the month of June. This challenge is open internationally and you are welcome to use the sketch for a layout, card, or other project of your choosing.
The winner of this challenge (as chosen by random draw) will receive a generous chipboard prize package. We will also select our Top 3 Features from the sketch challenge as well!
-Create a layout based on the sketch by midnight of June30th.
This entry was written by Angie and posted on June 5, 2013 at 10:26 am	and filed under Calls, Competitions, Events, Scrapbooking, scrapscene. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post.	Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL.


Myriad Flowers International is a California family owned and operated wholesale flower company, managed by Harry and Michele Van Wingerden. Myriad Flowers produces Hydroponic Roses, Pompon Chrysanthemums and a variety of field cut flowers. Our goal is to fill your floral needs with superior quality product.
At Myriad Flowers, our attention is focused on providing superior quality and excellent customer service. Our sales staff, shipping department, and all office personnel are knowledgeable of the varieties, colors and customer needs.
Welcome to our company! Besides growing a wide range of cut flowers we also have a full service floral shop with Padaro Floral Designs.
At Myriad Flowers, we take pride in offering our customers high quality and reliable service, backed by over 35 years of experience.
Copyright © 2018 Myriad Flowers - All Rights Reserved.


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Passenger describes erratic experience with the Uber driver accused of killing 6 people at random
Allan Smith
A passenger who rode with an Uber driver who allegedly killed six people in Kalamazoo, Michigan has spoken out about the driver's strange and erratic behaviour.
Saturday afternoon, the day of the killings, Uber driver Jason Dalton picked up Matthew Mellen, who told The Washington Post that Dalton's driving was so reckless, he nearly jumped out of the car.
"He was like asking me, 'Don't you want to get to your friend's house?' " Mellen said Dalton asked as he refused to slow down or stop.
Mackenzie Waite, Mellen's fiance, said he told her that Dalton picked up a phone call during the ride, and that the driver started acting strangely afterward.
"He blew through a stop sign, sideswiped a car, starting driving in [and] out of the other lane of traffic," Waite told the Post. "My fiance was just pleading with him to stop."
Once he was out, Mellen called 911. He also sent a message to Uber. Waite said Uber did not immediately respond, and police didn't get back to him for a description of the driver or car until 6:30 p.m.
Another man who rode with Dalton that day even jokingly asked "you're not the shooter, are you," according to local TV station 24 Hours News 8.
The man, Derek, who did not consent to his full name being used, told the TV station he ordered the Uber after he heard there were shootings nearby.
He figured it was a safer bet than walking.
Once in the car, his father brought up the killing spree, which was when Derek asked if he was the shooter.
Derek said Dalton replied that he was not, adding that he was "just tired."
He provided the reporter with a receipt from the ride. It showed that he was in all likelihood Dalton's last passenger before he was arrested. The arrest happened 20 minutes after Derek and his father were dropped off at a local hotel.
"It's a little jarring," he said after seeing Dalton's mugshot the nest day. "I don't think that it's really set in yet."
Another pair of late-night riders were supposed to be picked up by Dalton, only to cancel at the last minute.
Carmen Morren told the Post she was at a bar along with her boyfriend when she was set to be picked up by Dalton just before 11:15 p.m.
That was an hour after Dalton's final shooting
"I said, 'Hang on a second. Let me finish my drink,' " she said. "It was by the grace of God we canceled."
Dalton passed a background check with Uber, per a company spokesman. He had no prior criminal record, multiple outlets reported.
"We are horrified and heartbroken at the senseless violence in Kalamazoo, Michigan," Joe Sullivan, Uber's chief security officer, said in a statement. "We have reached out to the police to help with their investigation in any way that we can."
Dalton, a former insurance company employee, was arrested without incident in the parking lot of a downtown Kalamazoo bar about six hours after the rampage began, per The New York Times.
Police said there is no known motive for the killings.
NOW WATCH: Here's the question that prompted Cam Newton to storm out of his postgame press conference
cars crime home-us kalamazoo shooting law sai transportation uber


Sultry Spanish nights, The citrus groves of Andalucia. If the Iberian Peninsula gets your heart racing, then brace yourself for a night with Carolina Lugo's & Carolé Acuña's Ballet Flamenco. Indulge your inner Carmen, Pachamam's well worn hardwood floors resonate with the pulsating sounds of footwork, song, castanets, syncopated hand clapping and guitar. Carolina Lugo and her daughter Carolé Acuña and their company of Flamenco musicians and dancers paint a visual canvas in movement through dance for a very special evening of entertainment. If you have not seen this group in one of it's many Concert Hall performances, this is an opportunity to experience their high energy and passion for their art that defines a new dimension in Flamenco and Spanish dance traditions.
Pena use organic produce whenever possible and serves Oregon Country grass-fed beef, free of hormones and antibiotics, and use extra virgin olive, canola and raw-coconut oils only. The bar features wine, Bolivian and Peruvian beer, specialty cocktails such as the Mojitito, Caipariñja, Té con Té, and Calimocho- as well as a deceivingly fruity Sangria.Food services acpects major credit cards snd please don't forget to tip the wait staff.


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Graeme Souness: Jurgen Klopp needs top four to secure Liverpool FC signings
The Liverpool FC legend stresses the importance of the Reds finishing in the top four this season
Tuesday 24 October 2017, 08:30 UK
Liverpool boss Jurgen Klopp Photo: New Balance
Graeme Souness has warned Liverpool that Jurgen Klopp's side can't afford to finish outside the top four this season.
The Merseyside outfit ended up in fourth place last term to secure a return to the Champions League following a two-season absence.
The Reds signed AS Roma winger Mohamed Salah, Chelsea teenager Dominic Solanke, Hull City defender Andy Robertson and Arsenal midfielder Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain in the summer transfer window.
Liverpool missed out on signing Netherlands international Virgil van Dijk from Southampton in the summer transfer window, while RB Leipzig midfielder Naby Keita will move to Anfield in a £48m deal in 2018.
The Merseyside outfit have made a disappointing start to the season after Sunday's 4-1 loss to Tottenham Hotspur at Wembley left Liverpool in fourth place in the table.
Former Liverpool captain Souness warned the 18-time English champions that finishing in fourth place is a must for Klopp to give the German coach more pulling power in the summer transfer window.
"I think he would take top four right now," Souness told Sky Sports.
"I think he must be worried in case that's what it takes to get Van Dijk or someone else at Christmas."
Liverpool haven't won the Premier League title but finished in second place in the Premier League table in 2002, 2009 and 2014.
The Reds haven't won a Premier League game in their last three outings following stalemates with Newcastle United and Manchester United before a 4-1 loss to Spurs.
MORE: Latest Liverpool FC news and views
Thierry Henry sends warning to Tottenham about Man United
Jamie Redknapp: Don't underestimate importance of Chelsea win


Trees are invaluable to our environment. They filter air, provide shelter for wildlife, and give us shade on a sunny day. It would be easy to forget that trees, like all living organisms, require careful maintenance to remain in optimal health. Even healthy trees can lose branches once in a while.
Caring for your trees is important. Not only do trees provide wind barriers and beauty in your garden, but they also filter the air and provide our oxygen. When their health deteriorates due to disease, decay or pests, or they are overgrown, it is imperative that you take note and implement a timely remedy.
Nothing is more relaxing than sitting in your garden enjoying nature as birds twitter and chirp, searching for a meal or a mate. Maybe a gentle breeze rustles the leaves and your sunhat.


Here @ BAM Woodworks we make two styles of Coasters; Black Walnut with Maple, and Cherry with Maple. These stylish coasters are a must have to protect your surfaces. Just wipe with damp cloth to clean.
Using domestic hardwoods, Black Walnut, Cherry, and Maple, these coasters make a visual impact on your table. They are perfect for everyday use and even your best dinner parties.


"The United States is spending far more on NATO than any other Country. This is not fair, nor is it acceptable," Trump tweeted Monday, insisting that NATO benefits Europe "far more than it does the U.S."
"On top of this the European Union has a Trade Surplus of $151 Million with the U.S., with big Trade Barriers on U.S. goods. NO!" he protested.


Providing Midlothian, Dallas and Texas Commercial Roofing Solutions in as Little as Seven Days!
Elite Roofing and Consulting is the number one commercial roofing contractor in Midlothian, Dallas, Waxahachie, Mansfield and all of North Texas. Our commercial roofing consultants are extremely knowledgeable in all types of low slope roof systems and carry numerous licenses and certifications. Providing creative solutions, excellent service, and maintaining a clean and safe job site are just the beginning of our goal to provide the best roofing service in Texas.
We repair and replace all types of flat roof systems including Modified Bitumen and Built up Roofing (BUR), TPO and PVC, EPDM, Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF), and Coatings. We offer seven day service and even have night crews available so we can coordinate your project around the least amount of traffic possible and cause minimal disruption to your daily business operations.
Our commercial clients include many of the area churches, colleges, office buildings, strip centers, apartments, hotels, and chain restaurants you eat in. Our clients include well-known names such as Applebee's, Fuddruckers, Jack in the Box, Sperry Van Ness, Pearsall Housing Authority, Life in Deep Ellum Cultural Center, the historic Hotel Settles in Big Spring, Texas and many more.
Click here to view more commercial roofing projects or watch the video below to see our work.
Elite Roofing and Consulting commercial roofing Midlothian services also provide preventative maintenance inspections designed to recognize and resolve roofing issues before they become hazardous conditions and costly repairs to your property. Our professional inspections and preventative maintenance suggestions are cost effective solutions to maintaining and extending the service life of your existing roof system.
If you have an insurance claim, we can professionally manage all trades involved in your claim from start to finish. We have a great relationship with most insurance companies and will work with them to return your property to like new condition in a timely manner so that you can get back to business.
What Makes Elite the Best Commercial Roofers in Midlothian and Dallas, TX?
Elite Roofing and Consulting has earned the reputation as a professional commercial roofing contractor in Midlothian and Dallas, because we have a solid understanding of the relationship between materials and installation needed to complete a successful roofing project. We are not a low-cost provider, but instead, take pride in offering "best of class" materials and a professional team of highly trained and certified personnel.
Restaurant Roofing- Are Your Customers Safe?


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Home EDUCATION Deccan Education Society Collaborates with Foreign Universities
Deccan Education Society Collaborates with Foreign Universities
Image Source: Freepik
Deccan Education Society (DES) has entered into a pact with Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) to provide postgraduate degrees in Food Bioscience and Clinical Microbiology for its Fergusson Centre for Advanced Studies (FCAS). The courses are scheduled for offer from July 2011. The courses are of 18-month duration, with a choice to quit at the first term's end. Students will receive a certificate issued by GCU and those who decide to continue with the second term of 11 months will study at GCU, Scotland. The fee that will be charged to the students will range from Rs. 1.5 lakh to Rs. 1.8 lakh. GCU may give a discount of 20 per cent on the second-term fee.
The agreement between GCU and FCAS has been aimed for academic partnership in life sciences. It also aims to establish a variety of postgraduate science (MSc) and top-up programmes in biological and biomedical sciences. With the Foreign University Bill coming through, the number of universites that offer twinning programmes with institutes outside of India may see a large increase. Students should carefully check the credentials of such foreign universities before enrolling in any such course.
Vikas Kakatkar, vice-chairman of the DES, stated, "In the first part of June, details about the admissions procedure for the two PG courses would be released. Before VC Pamela Gillies' travel to Pune to announce admission data, GCU officials are busy completing necessary requirements in accordance with government regulations. Each of the PG courses will have a class size of 30 students."
Apart from the GCU, the DES is now in talks to start joint academic projects with the University of East Anglia in Norwich, the Cork Institute of Technology in Southern Ireland, and Griffith College in Dublin.
Deccon Education Society
FCAS
Foreign University
GCU
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Of course Independence day is always a blast. Parades, grilling and hanging with friends on this special day. But in 1976, it was so much more. It was the BICENTENNIAL!
It was a time when Betsy Ross became a fashion icon.
And everything was covered in red white and blue! Even beer!
And the parades! Oh, they were awesome!
Every now and then you find wonderful remnants of this groovy time when people loved history! Like this great fire hydrant.
And if you are lucky, you'll find a little reminder of the Bicentennial in your pocket.
I just can't help but smile every time I find one of them.
Have a great fourth of July, friends!
I love those bicentennial pants! I've been eyeing them in your shop for awhile! And can Tova be any cuter in that little yankee doodle dandy outfit? I think not! She's such a little love! I'm a BIG Tova fan!
I loooooooooooooved the Bicentennial. I think I might have actually seen that Disney Parade too (i'll have to check with my mom!). I'm a big red, white and blue fan—I think because its so very Wonder Woman. But as awesome as this entire post was, I have to say I smiled the most at the end because it's SO TRUE! I loooooove getting a 1976 quarter. Something about them is just awesome. Fabulous!
OMG! Right? I totally adore getting a 1976 quarter–it was so special! I think of it every time I get one of the fancy new state quarters. It's nice and all, but the Bicentennial quarters are the best ones!
You had me at Liberace. I love those hot pants so much.
I save those bicentennial quarters. Zane has been collecting them since we were kids. I have no idea how many she has now. During one of our prolonged "life gets in the way" absences, I squirreled away 10 of them to give to her.


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The Spider version of the Fiat 124 was introduced in the fall of 1966 at the Turin motor show. The body was designed by Tom Tjaarda who worked at Pininfarina and also designed some of the most beautiful Ferraris of the time. Production started in late 1966 with only 166 cars completed before the production line was shut down for the holidays.
The first version of the Spider was dubbed 124 AS, 'A' meaning the first version and 'S' for Spider. These early cars were much simpler in some details than the later versions. There was no radio console or console between the seats. The heater controls were in a pod under the dash and the heater box was visible. The seats had no headrest and there were many chrome accents in the cabin: the steering wheel spokes, the instrument bezels, and the rearview mirror trim were all shiny. A single circuit brake system was used, and the accelerator pedal was bottom hinged, like many Fiats of the 60s.
In 1968 the Spider was readied for the US market, which required some changes, a few of which carried over to all markets. All Spiders acquired a radio console and a lower console sourced from the 124 Coupe, and only the instrument bezels retained their chrome finish. The hydraulic brake system became dual circuit. The US market cars had round side-markers front and rear, headrests, bumper overriders, a reverse light under the left bumper, and the engine was de-tuned to comply with US emissions regulations. Another change in late 1968 (1969 model year in the US) altered the rear suspension. Fiat gave up on the torque tube setup in favor of a simpler system using upper and lower trailing arms.
The 'B' series 124 Spider (ie. BS) was introduced in late 1969 (1970 model year in the US) and it carried several cosmetic changes. The grille was now a honeycomb style, the taillights grew larger and incorporated the reverse lights, the gauges were deeply recessed, the upper radiator support was farther forward to make room for an electric fan, and the side-markers incorporated a separate light and reflector (the US only).
The 1971 model year brought bigger news. The 1608cc engine was now available, and in Europe, it sported dual Weber IDF carburetors and developed 110HP. The US market engines were again detuned making only 104 gross/94 net HP on a single carburetor. Contemporary road test praised the added torque of the new engine. Gone was the bottom hinged gas pedal and the US-market side-markers were changed to a simpler rectangular unit. A curiosity is that the tachometer on the 1608cc engined Spiders read to 9000rpm (8000 on all others), although the redline was lowered to 6500 from the 1438's 6800 rpm. These cars were designated as 'BS1', and are considered by some as one of the best versions. For an unknown reason, the US 1971 model year Spider and some of the 1972s had slightly different taillights, which were about 10mm wider than the previous ones. These lights are very hard to find in good condition today, as they have not been available new for decades.
In November of 1972, Fiat introduced the 124 Rally, the Abarth rally homologation version of the Spider. In order to use the car for rallying, Fiat had to build at least 500 street going versions of the rally car. These Spiders were quite different in that they had independent rear suspension, reinforced front suspension, a roll-bar and hardtop as standard equipment, no convertible top, racing bucket seats and simplified interior. The homologation specials had a 128 HP version of the 1756cc engine, but the actual race cars had a lot more. Fiat did win some rallies with the Abarth Spider, but once the Fiat 131 became available Fiat decided that it would be better marketing to rally their bread and butter sedan instead of a sports car.
The next regular version also came in 1972 (1973 model year in the US) when Fiat introduced the new 132 series Twin –Cam engines. They were available in 1592 and 1756cc sizes. In Europe, one could choose their engine size, but in the US the 1973 model year had the 1592cc engine and 1974 and on had the larger one. On US models the bumpers were now set a few inches away from the body and mounted to the structure of the car via large rubber blocks. The California and Maryland versions also had large rubber blocks instead of overriders. The European models retained the same bumpers as before. The 1974 US model was the first one to include a host of new emissions equipment, such as exhaust gas recirculation and air injection. Still, the 1974 US model Spider had a fairly large carburetor (Weber 34DMSA) and a twin down-pipe exhaust, so it made fairly good power.
That all changed for the 1975 model year. Spiders were no longer available outside of North America and the engine performance was further strangled. The carburetor now was smaller (Weber 32ADFA) and the exhaust had a single down-pipe. 49-state models still managed without a catalytic converter, but 124 Spiders bound for California had one. Another major change for 1975 was the large impact bumpers which were now required by US Federal regulations. While they looked much better than those on some other contemporary sports cars, most enthusiasts were not impressed. The front turn signals were now integrated into the bumper and not on the body.
There were few changes between 1975 and 1978, but there was a slight redesign in the middle of the 1977 model year. The air horns were eliminated in favor of conventional dual tone electric horns, the oil pressure gauge was deemed non-essential, the alternator moved to the intake side of the engine and now was internally regulated, and the center dash warning lights were now all rectangular. Fiat also moved the relays from the engine compartment to inside the car, under the glovebox.
Late during the 1978 model year (but not at the same time), Fiat started changing a few things that would eventually appear in the next model year. The door handles changed to the flush type, the rear axle adopted the 131's design and shoulder belts finally appeared.
The 1979 model year saw a major update of the 124 Spider. To denote the larger engine size the name was changed to Fiat Spider 2000. The larger engine produced noticeably more torque, but no more power because of the emissions controls. The entire appearance of the car was modernized both inside and out and an automatic transmission plus power windows became options.
The revised exterior included larger bumps on the hood and new taillights, the side markers were now flush with the body, the exterior mirror was a modern black plastic unit, the wiper blades were larger and black, a '2000' badge appeared next to the right taillight which incorporated the trunk lock, the hood sported a chrome trim at the leading edge to match the grille opening, and the wheels were styled steel affairs in a four-leaf clover pattern. Metallic paint colors were finally available and all Spiders had a stylish front spoiler.
Inside the seats were more modern, the dash and the upper door panels were color coordinated, the steering wheel became a sporty threes spoke design, the shift knob was made of wood, shoulder belts were standard and lost the dual reels of the previous model year. The vent window latches were of a more modern design, the hazard switch became round, and the defroster vents on the dash were now fixed. Blue and burgundy were new interior colors.
For the first half of the 1980 model year Spiders were identical to the 1979 ones, save for different style steel wheels, but the cars made from the second half of that year had a great upgrade: they sported Bosch fuel injection. Power and fuel economy increased, while the engine was smoother than ever before. To announce this the rear '2000' badge now also said 'fuel injection'. The only change in the interior at this time was the relocation of the round hazard switch from the dash to the radio console.
During the 1980 and 1981 model years Fiat made available a limited edition 50th anniversary model (of Pininfarina). These cars had a tan leather interior, a brown dash and steering wheel, a special metallic color, plus special badging on the side and the dash, which also had the car's number. There were one thousand made, but some cars were damaged at the port, so fewer were actually sold. Around this time one could also buy a standard Spider with leather option, which had identical interiors to the anniversary Spiders but came in regular exterior colors. The anniversary cars came with 14-inch "iron cross" alloy wheels, the same design as the optional 13-inch alloy wheel on the regular Spiders.
The 1981 and 1982 model years were nearly identical to the fuel injected 1980. One visible change was the exterior mirror, which had a much thinner stem for a smoother look. 14" alloy wheels are more common on these cars. A rare option was the turbocharged engine. Fiat commissioned Legend Industries in New York to install a turbocharger on a few hundred Spiders and these were sold through the regular dealer network. The turbo Spiders were only a bit more powerful but had a lot more torque than the standard Spider and fully functional examples are now a rare sight.
Another big change came for the 1983 model year when Pininfarina took over full production of the Spider as Fiat no longer wanted to market it. The car was renamed the Pininfarina Spider and was relaunched in Europe as the Spider Europa. In 1984 it was renamed the Azzurra, in honor of Italy's sailboat entry into the Louis Vuitton Cup. There were many small but significant changes. The most visible one was the exterior mirrors. For the first time Spiders came standard with left and right mirrors that were mounted in the fixed vent windows, and the side emblems changed from the 'f' symbol to the Pininfarina script. There were also changes in the interior. The center console was redesigned to a vertical design integral with the dashboard and it incorporated a pair of fresh air vents. The hazard switch was a more modern design and among the standard equipment was power windows and a remote electric trunk opener. There was no longer a rear seat, instead, a convenient parcel shelf was installed.
Also launched in 1983 for markets outside of the USA was the supercharged Volumex Spider. It used the 2 liter carbureted supercharged engine found in other Fiat and Lancia vehicles of the era. It developed 135 HP and a lot more torque than the stock engine. To deal with the higher power these cars had larger vented front brake discs and other modifications. Only about 500 were produced.
In September of 1984, the Spider went through a major modernization. The most notable changes were the adoption of rack and pinion steering and larger front brakes. There were also a lot of small improvements that went a long way to making the Spider more modern. There were new, wider, alloy wheels, a cooling system with a pressurized overflow tank, shorter shift lever, more vertical steering wheel, and the gauges were repositioned for better visibility. These latest Spiders, unofficially called 1985.5, are the best driving Spiders of all. Unfortunately not much later Pininfarina received a contract from Cadillac to build the Allante bodies, and 124 Spider productions ended with the last cars rolling off the assembly line around May of 1985.
For identification by model number, check out our informative Classic FIAT 124 Spider Model Identification page.


It is estimated that around 660 million people still rely on unprotected sources like ponds, dams, wells and springs for drinking water. A far greater number, 2.4 billion people, do not have access to a toilet. Water-borne illness kills a million children under 5 each year. Water poverty undermines health, hinders economic development and pollutes the environment. Taking one cent per litre of bottled water sold globally and collecting it into a fund for water could potentially raise $3billion a year for investment in water services. We developed the political strategy and analytics for this micro-levy concept, which is now moving into a mobilisation phase.
Read more about A Global Fund for Water.