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Days of October. Necessary Notes to Understand the Migrant Caravan
November 4, 2018 D.H. Riley	Corriente del Pueblo Sol Rojo
INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMIGRATION QUESTION.
How to understand the immigration question that has spilled over the past few weeks in Mexico? Perhaps the angle of North American imperialism (which stigmatizes, criminalizes, discriminates, persecutes, represses and kills Latin American migrants) fits with the everyday life of the deepest masses of Mexico? Will it come to impose that logic of bureaucratic capitalism on us in the midst of its crisis?
The problem of immigration for the working class, the poor peasantry and the deepest layers of the population in Mexico, cannot be seen logically from the perspective of the big bourgeoisie nor of our "neighbors" to the North (Yankee imperialism). This country is built on deep foundations which are migratory, multicultural, multinational, multi-ethnic, etc. arising from internal migration processes, some of them motivated by the search for better conditions of life and work (as in the case of migration to the big cities of the country) and some as a result of internal displacement, such as forced displacement, generated by the dispossession of lands, territories, natural resources and cultures which the latifundia and imperialism generate in a symbiotic way through their large mega-projects that they come imposing at gunpoint in various geographies of Mexico.
Therefore, we think that it is necessary to give a brief review of the immigration question, especially now that everyone has an opinion on the matter, and where unfortunately these opinions (even coming from those who call themselves democrats) are all reactionary, discriminatory, doomsday, unscientific, and divisive to the heart of the people, because they intended to give legitimacy to the discourse of human legality and illegality, legality or illegality of workers, legality or illegality of transit through national territory.
MARX ON EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION IN CAPITAL * [1]
"In reality, from a scientific and historic position, capitalism arose precisely from the emigration of the labor force available for the accumulation of capital, something which the xenophobes easily forget. Since capitalism has existed, emigration has never stopped flowing. Migration always has been and is a constant in capitalism, the most brutal form of the mobility of the waged workforce.
Marx in Capital speaks of the primitive accumulation of capital, as well as the plundering and colonization of entire continents, and puts migration as a basis for the expansion of wage-labor. In the countryside, the decline of the feudal mode of production and the introduction of manufacturing accelerated the displacement and migration of workers to the new industrial centers. For Marx, the most important source of the influx of labor force in Europe is the constant proletarianization of the rural and urban middle classes, the decline of the rural economy and the craft industry, as a process of elimination of forms of pre-capitalist production. The introduction of mechanization further accelerated the abolition of feudalism; the new industries were full of former peasants dispossessed of their means of production. The appearance of new branches of industry expanded this movement of new labor forces, from the countryside to the city.
Marx studied the historical emergence of the proletarian labor force in a double process, its "liberation" from pre-capitalist structures and its subordination to the capital. This "freedom" is transformed into its opposite when it enters the labor market, there it finds the place of coercion, of relations of force. Thus 'freedom' acquired by the working labor force is the beginning of a new exploitation and coercion of the industrial capitalist system.
The primitive accumulation of capital based on the separation of the producers from their means of production to make available free workers from the regime of servitude and guilds, free to exploit under wage labor, was carried out by terrorist methods, with the enclosure of the Badlands and the violent abduction of the communal lands of the peasants for the capitalist agricultural production, and land converted to grassland for grazing and hunting. It was that primitive accumulation of capital which caused the massive destruction of villages and peasant homes, where millions of tenant farmers were torn violently from their lands, robbed of their livelihoods, forced to sell their labor power under iron laws which prohibited and persecuted vagrancy and begging.
This was described in detail by Marx in "Capital" as a "process of violent expropriation of the popular masses" and as a "series of robberies, indignities and oppression which accompanies the violent expropriation of the people". Expropriation carried out by terrorist means on the rural population. These were the "liberating" methods used to increase the number of workers coming from the countryside, which in this journey of 4 centuries of primitive accumulation, through the first industrial revolution in Europe (18th and 19th centuries) to the predominance of the great industry, produced steep death tolls and massive hunger, with legislation which prohibited and persecuted working-class associations, where the strike was a criminal offence and wages was limited to the minimum.
Marx pointed out in Capital the impossibility of extensively and intensively increasing the exploitation of workers that already work, making mandatory the incorporation of additional workforces. Here the very mechanism of capitalist production resolves this, the very reproduction of the working class is the source of the increase in the required labor force available to capital. But he also showed on the other hand, the impossibility of the working class adapting their reproduction to the changing needs of the capital, and hence the existence of the industrial reserve army or relative surplus population (to the needs of capital accumulation) of workers laid off by the mechanization, or by the development of capitalism in the countryside.
For Marx, the relative surplus population goes far beyond the primitive accumulation of capital and covers all stages of capitalism, therefore this additional workforce stems not only from own reproduction of the labor force, their natural multiplication, but also from the expropriation of the workers of their means of production and of immigration that it causes.
FOR MARX, MIGRATIONS ARE A PERMANENT PHENOMENON IN THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM.
Marx noted that the mechanization which displaces the craft production allows capital accumulation to use low-skilled labor, where the capitalist industrial regime mobilizes workforces with low exchange value. At the same time, it rejects the specialized workers that the machine makes superfluous, which become part of what Marx would call the relative surplus population, or industrial reserve army. Mechanization and the reserve army cause the emigration of part of that contingent of the remaining national labor force. For this reason, Marx says that the constant "elimination" of workers in countries of great industry encouraged the emigration to and colonization of foreign countries (6). In this case, that emigration to North America, Australia, etc., described by Marx, is an effect of mechanization and of access to waged factory work by fractions of the proletariat hitherto inaccessible for capital: children, women, craftsmen and expropriated peasants. (Ibid)."
CONTRIBUTIVE ASSESSMENT OF WOMEN IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
US imperialism has unleashed a campaign of terror and stigma against all migrants in U.S. territory. Outside its borders, the aggressive and arch-reactionary language of Donald Trump also weighs on the spirits of the broad popular masses that year after year, month to month and day by day they are expelled from their countries of origin and their only alternative for survival is forced migration into the Yankee imperialist beast, thinking that a better future awaits them.
The United States have stacked great power based on the subjugation of peoples and entire nations around the world, fulfilling to the letter every one of the essential characteristics of imperialism, brilliantly described by Lenin.
But also, inside its jaws, the Yankee imperialist beast exploits, oppresses and flays these same peoples and oppressed nations who migrate to the United States, converting the 'illegal' migrant, the "undocumented" worker into a commodity whose use value is also a source of value. In other words: Yankee imperialism is held largely by exploiting the labor of "undocumented" migrants. Imperialism knows to hide the precarization of this same employment, the disparity in wages and the erosion of social rights, like health, education, food, among others. The situation of the female proletariat in this country is instructive; their hard data should be studied. According to official data from the USCB (Bureau of the census in North America) we have:
The 11.8 million immigrants working in the United States represent more than 7% of the total of labor in that country.
-The rate of participation in the workforce of women immigrants is of 55.6%, almost equal to the native women: 58.6 per cent.
-A little more than half [50.8%] of immigrant workers are from Latin America, and nearly one-third [31.3%] are from Asia.
-Among all immigrant women, those from Africa have the highest rate of participation in the labor force [65.6%].
– [2.8 million, or 23.8%], Philippines [752,648; or 6.4%] and China [570,378; or 4.8%].
-More than one-third [33.6%] of migrant women have a Bachelor's degree or more, 23.7% have incomplete secondary education and 42.8% have a high school diploma or less.
-Two-fifths of the immigrant women workers [42.2%] take low-wage jobs where they earn 20 thousand dollars per year or less, while 15.2% earn more than 60 thousand dollars a year.
-Immigrant women are maids [882,663], nurses, psychiatric and home health aides [501,740], cashiers [480,391], registered nurses [454,057] and janitors and building cleaners [364,494] .
-Immigrant women represent more than half [51.5%] of all workers in the classification of agricultural products, 47.1% of workers in the field of personal appearance, 42% of domestic workers, 39.5 per cent of workers in textile presses and 39.5% of sewing machine operators.
-Among women immigrants with low wages, 40% do not have a high school diploma, while another 34.5% have a diploma, but no more education. However, these women do essential work as house cleaning and housewives; cashiers; auxiliary personal care; cooks; auxiliary nursing, psychiatric, and home health; porters, and child care workers. These are the jobs that countless people rely on to do their own work and live their daily lives. However, since these works tend to be underpaid, they are often devalued.
The stock in the labor force, prescribe the American liberal economists, must maintain "a balance" to correct wages, to have a reserve mass with low incomes and few skills, to hold together the capitalist economy which sinks in the sewage of permanent crisis; the hegemony of the North American Empire is sustained by blood and fire which requires soldiers and workers who operate its rusty war machinery.
THE EMPIRE AND THE OLIGARCHY ARE LOOKING FOR CULPRITS OF THE CRISIS.
Skillfully, capitalism, in its superior and last phase, imperialism, knows that its exploitative policy causes seizures in its own territory and in its semi-colonies; seeks to exacerbate feelings of hatred, ignorance and irrationality; encourages the gangs and crime as a method of population control; foments attacks on minorities; doses out its financial support in exchange for the colony yielding more natural resources and raw materials; advantageously imposes anti-drug and anti-migrant policies; is served by mass-media and a countless network of companies that stock these stratagems of "fake news" with sharing, retweeting or virally sharing. Of course, in remote suburban towns this comes very slowly and will be more focused on the cities, where there is a phenomenon that can be observed all over the world and is worthy of further analysis, in another subsequent article, the advent of a neo-fascism, autocrat, warlord-like, based on prejudices and national chauvinism, only to provoke hatred, xenophobia and fear.
We are facing another crisis of capitalism, and in Mexico we are speaking of a crisis of bureaucratic capitalism, which no longer fits in its own skin, and internal confrontations of the bourgeois factions are settled more and more in every terrain, ranging from election scenarios, concessions or bids for mega-projects, consultations, migration policies, political internal security, etc. all in the perspective of the clash and inevitable struggle between themselves, while at the same time intensifying the war against the people.
In this context, the old landowner-bureaucratic State looks for an easy way to divert attention to each new social problem; and in the immigration issue, it is pointing its flamboyant Judeo-Christian finger at "bad immigrants", which violate national borders, that hurt "national security managers," making it acceptable to spray tear gas and insecticide in camps filled with women and children from Central America in the streets of Chiapas.
This builds a shameful Manichaeism, where a certain sector of the population is said to "come to take away jobs, dignity and women", the creole bourgeoisie rubs its hands, fomenting divisions to continue managing the crisis, increasing rates of interest, lowering wages and continuing the recipes of their masters in the Washington consensus, privatizing public services and plundering natural resources to obtain raw materials.
In this month of October thousands of Spanish-speaking Central Americans have already entered Mexican territory looking to simply save their lives in the face of the wave of violence and misery that exists in Central America. This is especially so in Honduras, where a drug ruling dictator, Juan Orlando Hernández, faithful servant of the United States Government of Donald Trump, disguised as a democrat, with his notorious demagoguery in which he accuses opponents of promoting this exodus, when his own criminal policy and semi-colonial recipes that he applies faithfully and without reservations against the working class and the people of Honduras are what expel, year year, thousands of migrant workers who have an uncertain destiny on this trip.
Honduras is without a doubt one of the most miserable economies after Haiti; the number of the reserve army is so enormous that, under the table, the same old Honduran State promoted the caravan to start the blackmail of new loans that contain the migration. One cannot explain with such repressive policies as this country how it is that they advanced so many kilometers without the repressive bodies acting, given their usual behavior; but their political calculations were wrong, since they were overwhelmed by the events; thousands left their homes and their land facing an uncertain future for a crust of bread for their children and families towards a dystopia walking towards the large walls of an oppressive Empire.
In Mexico the traditional media have developed a media campaign under the banner of the comprador bourgeoisie and large landowners to lynch members of the caravan with the sensationalism, sentimentalism, vulgarization and criminalization of immigrant groups, linking them with native organized crime in those countries, to gain a base of conservative influence, inclined to sustain the old state. Just as Navarrete, the faithful dog of Yankee imperialism at the head of the Ministry of the Interior, recently said.
Another part of the bourgeoisie, the bureaucratic part and its jingoistic sector, which will take executive power on December 1, assures that its mandate will be an immigration policy of open doors to all Central Americans needing to cross into the United States. offering even temporary employment sources in complex or not very clear projects, but one must understand, this refers to the large mega-projects of imperialism, whether Yankee or European, like a kind of Central American labor farms where they will be exploited by a "humanitarian" decree and work permit.
This generates discussion because of the climate of ignorance and xenophobia, heated debates in favor or against, but without arguments of any weight. Those against the caravan do not see beyond their noses; the problem is larger than their personal spheres, it is the very turbulence of capitalism. They arm themselves with pseudoscience like Malthusianism, conspiracies or savor the tasteless swallowing of fake news, they do nothing more than make you fat from imperialism and encourage division within the international working class and peoples.
Despite this scenario, thousands of Mexican nationals and people in general have taken to the streets to demonstrate solidarity which is the tenderness of peoples, to give clothing, food or backpacks for an exodus which has already increased in our country.
In parallel, in recent hours the Government of Enrique Peña Nieto has given orders to reinforce the contingent of federal police officers and gendarmes which "protect the exodus" in the region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, a key area for US imperialism and its transnationals, which are projected to build a virtual wall in the South of Mexico, which absorbs a reserve army, with low wages and poor academic preparation, of immigrant or national origin, but controlled by groups of imperialism which have been conceded the Isthmus at the expense of all factions of the creole bourgeoisie.
At the airport of CD Ixtepec, Oaxaca, battalions of military police, the gendarmerie, the federal police, the naval police and the State police have been posted to organize the "this is your home" operation, a populist program that regulates their legal stay in the country. In a massive assembly of migrants, they rejected the proposal and there was a flare-up of anger, without reaching any mishap in San Pedro Tapanatepec, where they will depart Santiago Niltepec and from there to CD Ixtepec. The federal and state soldiers were stationed at the immigration checkpoint with buses, trucks and other vehicles on the Pan-American highway that connects Chiapas with Oaxaca, waiting for instructions from the federal government.
Meanwhile, on the border of Guatemala, a new contingent of 2500 migrant women and children is bursting into the port of the country, with the border of Mexico, where they were gassed by Guatemalan police and army, which provoked the rage to turn into blows, intense fighting which is still developing, while other families risked their lives by swimming in the river Suchiate.
For our part we must hold very clearly: the working class is international, it has no homeland nor anything else other than its labor power; the development of all societies depends and has depended on it. In the oppressed countries like those of Latin America, including Mexico and Central America, the main contradiction is not among migrant peoples, or immigrants, but between oppressed peoples and imperialism.
Each of the citizens of Central America that is escaping from their respective countries in this caravan migrant is a victim of bureaucratic capitalism, the semi-feudalism and the semi-coloniality in which we live subjected, millions of workers from the countryside and the city in Latin America.
The position of the democratic and revolutionary movement towards the migrant brothers must be solidarity and proletarian internationalism in the class action, not only in terms of providing attention to food, health and security for a few hours, but in terms of demand and mobilize together with them to stop the xenophobic policies dictated by Donald Trump and Yankee imperialism in Mexico, which has the minion-like Mexican Government dancing to the tune that the gringos play, and each of the factions of the creole bourgeoisie jostling each other to please their masters or improve their positions inside its internal negotiations.
The rights of migrant peoples should not be the object of negotiations, neither by the national bourgeoisie, nor by opportunism, they should be defended in the streets as the rights of the people and that point should be promoted and accompanied by those of us propose the revolutionary transformation of society and national liberation against imperialism of all kinds.
Proletarians and peoples oppressed of all countries, unite!
With Sol Rojo, the people will win!
Let the workers rule the country!
CORRIENTE DEL PUEBLO SOL ROJO
[1] capitalism and migration. Miguel A. Montes.
Source: https://solrojista.blogspot.com/2018/10/los-dias-de-octubre-apuntes-necesarios.html
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The Motorola HKLN4477A has been replaced by the HKLN4601. The HKLN4601 is the same price and is nearly identical to the HKLN4477A with minor upgrades.
The Motorola HKLN4477A Clear Tube Surveillance Mic with Inline Push to Talk is lightweight, comfortable, and very discreet. This headset is very popular with Security Teams, Law Enforcement, and others wishing to utilize radios without bringing attention to themselves. This product is covered by a one year replacement warranty. The HKLN4477A is a Motorola Original Accessory.


text:
Match Ticket Thread - Spares/Requests - FACE VALUE ONLY!
Spare for West Ham available, £20
sobeitjedi
Forum: Everton Forum
One West Ham Adult spare available.
1 adult spare for Chelsea available.
Bike Facilities at Goodison Park
Totally agree. Lots of clubs are taking note too.
Just some photos for you to see where the cycle parking is and the obstacles in the way. These were taken yesterday at the West Ham game, at around 15:40 ... Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5
Now sold.
1 adult spare for the away game at Arsenal available. Get in touch [email protected]
Take a look for yourself at the West Ham game. Open your mind.
Absolutely not a wind up, but I'm glad it's got people talking and so many are liking the thread. It may be a small issue, that effects a small number of fans, but it's easy and low cost to fix. Like everyone on here, don't want our club to be left behind other clubs who are pushing the agenda...
I think you might be losing track of the original post. In summary ... I already cycle to Goodson. Have done for years without any issues. Goodison already has some bike racks (so why leave my bike at a train station, in Stanley Park or on a lampost!!!!). All I want in the short term is for...
See: https://tinyurl.com/efcbike
No, I am not, but thank you for asking.
I don't know, I'm not currently at Goodison to check.
The cost and realisation of achieving that? All I'm asking for is some more bike racks and for them to be clear of obstacles to help all those that cycle to the match. If it's not for you, don't worry about it.
Also, the club has been very supportive of cycling events for charity, such as Silgo to Goodison so it makes sense for them to support their cycling fanbase.
Yes, down by the Park End
Much like your worldview by the sound of it. Have a look at what other clubs are doing, not just in the Premier League, to encourage cycling to matches.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How do I pass a JSONObject to a Play Framework for Java template's javascript? I am working with the Play framework (2.4) for Java.  I want to pass a JSONObject to a javascript used inside one of the Play view templates.
On the Java side I prepare the JSONObject, like so:
(Keep in mind that this is a test vehicle.)
    public static Result showBusinesses(){
    List<Item> list = new ArrayList<Item>();
    Item r = new Item();
    r.id = "23234";
    r.name = "Joes hardware";
    Item s = new Item();
    s.id = "23254";
    s.name = "Martys collision";
    list.add(r);
    list.add(s);
    return ok(views.html.wheel.render(getJSONObject(list)));
}

public static JSONObject getJSONObject(List<Item> list){
    JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
    try{
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
        jsonObject.put(list.get(i).id, list.get(i).name);
        }
    }catch (JSONException e) {

    }
    return jsonObject;
}

In my Play template, I accept the JSONObject parameter:
@(item : org.json.JSONObject)

@import helper._
@import helper.twitterBootstrap._
@import play.api.libs.json.Json

...
So far, so good.
Until I attempt to use the object in my javascript:
If I place my object, @item, anywhere in the template besides inside the javascript, I get this:
{"23254":"Martys Pancakes","23234":"Joes place"};
which looks like a properly formed var to me.
I am inserting the JSONObject into the javascript like this:
<script type="text/javascript">

 businesses = @item;

and I expect that to translate like this:
businesses = {
    "23332"  : "Joe's hardware",
    "56755"  : "Marty's collision"
};

And yet the object does not behave as expected.  I suspect that I am not passing the parameter to the javascript in the correct way.
Can anyone enlighten me?  Thanks.

A: I found the answer to my own question.  It ended up being fairly simple.  First of all, you don't need to mess with JSON.  You pass a standard Java List to the Play template.  Then you iterate through that list inside the Javascript variable curly braces. Here is the template code:
@(businesses: List[Business])

@import helper._
@import helper.twitterBootstrap._

...

<script type="text/javascript">

places = {
    @for((item, index) <- businesses.zipWithIndex) {
                @if(index != businesses.size-1) {
                "@item.id" : "@Html(item.name)",}
                else {"@item.id" :      "@Html(item.name)"}
     }

};

I used the built-in zipWithIndex because I needed commas separating every line but the last.  The @Html() was needed to escape all the special chars that HTML needs to have translated.  Once the javascript runs, you end up with your variable:
places = {
"345" : "Joe's Hardware",
"564" : "Jan's Party Store"
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


IGNITE Frosh 2016 was absolutely spectacular!
It may have rained at the beginning, but that didn't stop us from partying all night! We've put together a list of the top 10 photos throughout the day. Check 'em out below!
Missed out on Frosh 2016 this year? Don't worry, we have plenty of AWESOME events lined up for the rest of the year, so follow all of our social media for updates!


titles are tools, the designation of roles to the end that the people of God would be nurtured and preserved. No less, but certainly no more. Titles are a temporary gift and the worst thing would be that a person who has one would lose themselves in it by forgetting that, in the end, the only title that will matter is "Christian." You can have none of the titles in the Church and still be just fine if you're truly "Christian". You can have all the titles of the Church except "Christian" and be utterly lost.


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The gas typically seeps upward from underground reservoirs and through imperfections in your foundation. Ground level sources of radon may also be found to be elevated using sensitive detectors. A standard radon test may be used as part of governmental evaluation or even a real-estate transaction. Initial radon testing should give owners a concept of baseline gas levels present on property or in home. Recommendations may be offered to get owners using proper radon reduction equipment.
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Edison New Jersey real estate radon mitigation should be of concern to real estate developers and real estate professionals in all areas nationwide. Real Estate radon mitigation can be achieved through proper ventilation plans of buildings to reduce concentration of radon in the air and to ultimately address any indoor radon levels. Most real estate developers are urged by key industry players, from the state to home buyers, to incorporate radon mitigation systems in their development plans and in some states may even be mandatory. This includes inspecting for radon levels in areas. Radon can be managed through radon mitigation practices and through radon testing and monitoring in Edison New Jersey.
Real estate developers and real estate agents in Edison New Jersey are recommended to conduct a radon test as part of real estate radon mitigation in their development areas. This will allow them to seek for radon reduction options and increase radon mitigation efforts. Real estate developers and real estate agents in Edison New Jersey are now learning to keep the radon test results for the purposes of showing them to potential clients who may ask for the test results in the future.
To achieve real estate radon mitigation, developers may face heavy costs on radon testing and radon reduction for their buildings and home sites. The costs fluctuate depending on building size, design, surrounding climate, construction materials, and the general foundation of the building. In the United States and in Edison New Jersey, the average cost of a radon system ranges from about $900 to $1600 depending on the condition of the building as well as market rates. Ultimately the cost for a radon system will be best determined by contacting a radon mitigation professional so, that they can assess your situation and suggest the best cost effective solution for your real estate radon mitigation needs.
Edison New Jersey Waterborne radon occurs naturally and it's colorless, tasteless, odorless and radioactive. It also comes from the decay of uranium in soil and water and it is considered a health risk. It's found everywhere in the world in the air we breathe and usually comes in two ways: water and airborne. It is known as the silent killer and provides an open door for cancer. Radon gas and other various radon levels originate in water wells that are drilled into bedrock that contain uranium and radon gas. These wells can be private or wells that are used in a public systems in Edison New Jersey. Ergo, if you have public water and have a concern about your water supplies, a radon test and future radon testing could insure the concentration in surface waters. A radon test is inexpensive, and knowing about radon levels in your area can ease your mind with a simple radon test in Edison New Jersey.
One important factor about waterborne radon mitigation is that it works and can ensure that you keep yourself and your family safe from radon in water. The collection of radon in water keeps your homes or business buildings from having issues with your water supply, when radon mitigation is implemented. Radon mitigation is crucial since radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer; second only to smoking. That said you can see how valuable radon reduction methods in Edison New Jersey are of the utmost importance. So, now you know that radon mitigation can target not only air based but, also water based sources by filtering out the waterborne radon by using carbon granule filtration systems. The ionized radon bonds with carbon and quickly reduces the levels in the water. Note: It's EPA estimated that 1 in 15 homes in the United States have elevated radon levels and in Edison New Jersey waterborne radon issues should be addressed as well.
Edison New Jersey is a very popular city that is found in Middlesex County. It is sometimes called birthplace of modern world because of the fact that it is one of the core founders of the modern civilization. Edison New Jersey was named after Thomas Edison and on the last census that was conducted in the year 2010 it had a total population of 99,997 people. That population is very ideal because Edison New Jersey is around 29.950 square miles.
On issues of tourism, Edison New Jersey is known to attract a lot of tourist because it has very beautiful cultural activities and museums. The most outstanding laboratory of a museum in Edison New Jersey one called Edison laboratory. This is where several tools of w3ork o Thomas Edison the inventor of the electric bulb are assembled.
Edison New Jersey was ranked as the number 28 most livable city in the United States because of the fact that it is also ranking highly on issues of rampant population growth. Edison New Jersey has got beautiful natural attractions like sand hills, silver Lake, Washington Park among others and tourists would travel all the way to come and enjoy these perplexing beauties.
The other thing that makes Edison New Jersey outstanding is the fact that it is one of the states with the highest population of people classifying themselves as red Indians. Several people in this state during the census of 2010 identified themselves as red Indians and have proof of their identities.
Its education system like most of the education systems in the United States starts from kindergarten all the way up to the twelfth grade. It also has a high number of private schools that have sprung up and seeking to accommodate the population that is constantly growing in Edison New Jersey. Because of the presence of Asians in the country, there has been a push to establish Chinese learning in schools.


Cold-area gardeners can keep away from buying plants that simply won't survive their lowest winter temperatures. It is native to the Piedmont area of the jap United States and is greatest grown in Zones 4 – eight. Plant in full solar to partial shade in moist, effectively-drained soil. My mum is the gardener in our family and he or she is utilizing a lot of the tools listed here apart from the wheelbarrow. These pairs are reduce out for different functions and are great for each day gardening. I could attempt the ideas you've supplied here, I really like the look of a pleasant garden however my green thumb seems to be the thumb of demise to crops, as I can by no means keep them alive.
The United States Division of Agriculture (USDA) outlined geographical zones of Canada, the US and Mexico through which a specific class of vegetation is capable of growing, as outlined by its potential to withstand the common annual minimum temperatures of the zone. After all, in case your gardening wants are primarily for shade loving plants, then keep that in thoughts when setting up your prime location. I'm in Zone 9, Central Florida and gardening right here is completely different from up north.
Mobile stools complete with storage; stools and kneelers mixed, will add great comfort to your gardening. Coral bells favor partial shade to full solar and moist, properly-drained soil in US Zones 3 – 9. I love gardening and flowers and I believe that your magnets are the cutest things I've ever seen!
Examples embody trellis , arbors , statues, benches , water fountains , urns , hen baths and feeders, and backyard lighting reminiscent of candle lanterns and oil lamps The usage of this stuff could be part of the expression of a gardener's gardening personality. The map, which is broken up into zones based mostly on the lowest average temperatures, shows Central Indiana in Zone 6a (-10 to -5 degrees F), which registers a bit hotter than Zone 5b (-15 to -10 degrees F) the place we've been since 1990. Patricia Lanza first made Lasagna Gardening widespread together with her books which are about using this method. The map additionally provides two new zones — Zone 12 and Zone thirteen — to incorporate tropical areas. Container gardening is worried with rising vegetation in any sort of container both indoors or open air. The Atlas Nitrile Gardening and Work Gloves are better than leather and rubber.
General Supplies: For soil gardeners, you will wish to choose up a premium natural potting soil and both buy or recycle containers on your plants to develop in. For many who are going the hydroponic route, head to your native hydroponics retailer and have them show you across the completely different products obtainable to see what will give you the results you want.


text:
From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change
Gregory Jackson, R Deeg
The notion of distinct national varieties or systems of capitalism gained considerable currency in the last two decades. This review essay highlights three theoretical premises which define what we call the comparative capitalisms (CC) approach to political economy: First, national economies are characterized by distinct institutional configurations; second, these configurations are a source of comparative institutional advantage; and third, the configurations are stabilized by institutional path dependence. Within these common premises, the CC literature contains a number of competing theories and we highlight the fundamental distinctions among them and draw out their respective limitations. We specifically examine the role of politics within the CC literature and how emerging conceptions of politics may contribute to understanding institutional change in capitalist systems.
Review of International Political Economy
Dive into the research topics of 'From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Institutional Change Business & Economics 100%
institutional change Social Sciences 80%
capitalist society Social Sciences 66%
Capitalism Business & Economics 64%
politics Social Sciences 43%
Capitalist Systems Business & Economics 26%
path dependence Social Sciences 26%
Path Dependence Business & Economics 23%
Jackson, G., & Deeg, R. (2008). From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change. Review of International Political Economy, 15(4), 680-709. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290802260704
From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change. / Jackson, Gregory; Deeg, R.
In: Review of International Political Economy, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2008, p. 680-709.
Jackson, G & Deeg, R 2008, 'From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change', Review of International Political Economy, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 680-709. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290802260704
Jackson G, Deeg R. From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change. Review of International Political Economy. 2008;15(4):680-709. doi: 10.1080/09692290802260704
Jackson, Gregory ; Deeg, R. / From comparing capitalisms to the politics of institutional change. In: Review of International Political Economy. 2008 ; Vol. 15, No. 4. pp. 680-709.
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text:
Măgurele è un comune della Moldavia situato nel distretto di Ungheni di 932 abitanti al censimento del 2004.

Note

Altri progetti

Comuni del distretto di Ungheni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Carpentersville woman dead after early morning house fire
November 24, 2022 zain
Editor's note: The spelling of the victim's name in this story has been corrected.
A 65-year-old Carpentersville woman is dead after an early morning fire Wednesday that destroyed her home.
Authorities said Linda Norstrom wasn't able to escape the blaze on the 700 block of Papoose Road because of medical problems and mobility issues.
Firefighters attempted to locate and rescue Nordstrom when they arrived but were unsuccessful, officials said.
Firefighters said her husband, Robert, was able to escape the fire, which was reported at 2:45 a.m. without injury. The one-story house was considered a total loss, fire officials said.
Family Services Association of Greater Elgin is working with the husband to find him shelter and basic necessities.


text:
The Michigan Scientist Who Was Arrowsmith
A Harcourt Brace cover of Arrowsmith, which has been published in many editions.
It gives me joy to inform you that Paul De Kruif is perfection.
– Sinclair Lewis
Invisible Partner
A Strange Ambition
The "Unearthly Character"
"What's on the Floor of Stables"
Collaboration at Sea
Scenes and Characters
"It Isn't Just Mine"
Two Classics
Chapter 1 Invisible Partner
When the new novel Arrowsmith reached the nation's bookstores in 1925, the author, Sinclair Lewis, was already the most celebrated American writer of the day.
His 1920 novel Main Street, a poignant satire of small-town America, had marked him as a major talent.
Then came Babbitt (1922), a meticulous dissection of middle-class conformity that had made Lewis famous.
Now the early reviews of Arrowsmith promised more renown. It was the first major American novel to feature a scientist in the leading role. That was an unlikely focus for a bestseller. But it was also a page-turner, a romance, a satire and a philosophical meditation on the tension between truth and good works.
It leaped to the first rank on bestseller lists. Critics declared that Lewis, once a scribbler of racy tales for mass-market magazines, had reached full maturity as an artist.
What neither Lewis nor his publishers said – at least not very loudly – was how much Arrowsmith owed to an obscure young scientist and what he had told Lewis about life in the medical labs of the University of Michigan.
Their friendship was short, stormy and profitable.
From Paul De Kruif (rhymes with life), Sinclair Lewis got facts and insights for a novel good enough to win the Pulitzer Prize (though Lewis turned it down) and to inspire generations of doctors and scientists.
From Lewis, De Kruif learned how to tell a story. He missed out on the credit he deserved for Arrowsmith. But by virtue of his accidental apprenticeship to Lewis, he was set up for his own pioneering career as a writer.
Paul De Kruif went to U-M intending to train as a physician, but shifted his major to bacteriology when he was inspired by discoveries that led to a cure for syphilis.
Chapter 2 A Strange Ambition
Born in 1890, Paul De Kruif had grown up in the Dutch-American village of Zeeland near Holland, Michigan. His father, a seller of farm equipment, hoped his son would become a doctor or lawyer. His mother read Mark Twain and George Eliot and encouraged her son to read widely, study hard and ask questions.
He entered U-M in 1908 as a pre-med student. When he read about the German physician-scientist Paul Ehrlich, who had explored the hidden world of microbes to discover a cure for syphilis, De Kruif changed his major. By 1916 he had a Ph.D. from U-M in microbiology.
Striding through the old Medical Building on East University, he made a powerful impression. He looked more like a Viking out of costume than a lab rat. He was tall, jug-eared and ruggedly handsome, with a thick outdoorsman's trunk and an air of brawny energy. He had a bent for hero worship, and at Michigan he found a hero who would shape his life.
This was Frederick Novy, a new sort of figure in America's medical schools. Novy was a pure scientist, not a physician. He had studied with Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch, the founders of microbiology. He was among the first American medical professors to probe the secrets of living beings whether they would lead to medical cures or not.
According to his biographer, Dr. Powel H. Kazanjian (professor of both internal medicine and history at U-M), Novy's students learned "a comprehensive code that included a duty to search for truths in nature above all competing motives and the adoption of disciplined, methodical work habits."
Paul De Kruif was one of many who came to see Novy as a secular saint, a model of scientific integrity and zeal. The two worked closely as mentor and disciple.
De Kruif gloried in the routines of the lab. Neglecting his first wife, he worked day and night, stopping only for an occasional plunge in the Huron, then racing back to his test tubes.
"That grubby den of research reeked of guinea pigs, white rats, and rabbits," he later wrote. "In the primitive days of one's work with Novy one raced three flights down to the basement and back up with wire baskets teeming with guinea pigs and battery jars alive with white rats…
"At Ann Arbor one burned one's hands, blowing one's own glassware for complex apparatus, and one washed one's own test tubes and cooked the culture medium to feed one's microbes. At Ann Arbor science was do-it-yourself."
World War I interrupted. De Kruif spent two years in the U.S. Sanitary Corps trying to develop an antidote to poison-gas attacks.
Then he returned to Ann Arbor. Soon his work with Novy attracted the offer of a position at the prestigious Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller University) in New York. He accepted.
At Rockefeller he met the renowned German-American biologist Jacques Loeb, another pure scientist, who lampooned physicians as mere mechanics of the human body. ("'Medical science'?" Loeb remarked one day. "That is a contradiction in terms. There is no such thing.")
De Kruif was close to making his own major name in research. But he conceived a strange new ambition, for a scientist. He wanted to explain science to a broad popular audience as a journalist.
Again he aimed high, writing for advice to the iconoclastic editor and critic H.L. Mencken, who saw literary promise in the young scientist's letter. Mencken recruited him to write an article that would cast America's mainstream "medicine men" in a deeply unflattering light. It was published anonymously, but word of De Kruif's authorship got out. His Rockefeller bosses fired him.
Jobless and nearly broke, he put all his chips on a writing career and set off on a new topic — the unholy connections between M.D.s and drug manufacturers.
Then came his luckiest day.
At Ann Arbor science was do-it-yourself.
– Paul De Kruif
Paul De Kruif's first impression of Sinclair Lewis was of "a young red-headed man, very tall and slightly stooped, nervous ... wild, freewheeling, intense, outlandish."
Chapter 3 The "Unearthly Character"
In Chicago for research, De Kruif met Dr. Morris Fishbein, soon to be editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association, who happened to be in the company of – as De Kruif put it later – "a young red-headed man, very tall and slightly stooped, nervous, his face spotty red as if about the explode into a dermatosis … wild, freewheeling, intense, outlandish."
This "unearthly character," De Kruif learned, was none other than Sinclair Lewis, author of the mega-bestseller Main Street, apparently half-toasted though the sun had not yet set. He, too, was considering a book on the underside of American medicine.
After an uproarious night on the town, Lewis and De Kruif retired to Lewis's hotel, where the novelist turned deadly serious, "every inch a writing pro," asking "a hundred canny questions.
"He cross-examined me about why I'd left medicine for research on viruses, spirochetes, trypanosomes, and anaphylaxis under austere Frederick Novy," De Kruif reported. "His questioning stirred me to make Professor Novy come alive, a figure of medical romance – our lab window the only one lighted far into the night in the medical building at Ann Arbor."
Finally Lewis asked: How about if the two of them collaborated on a satirical novel about medicine and science? The hero could be a man like De Kruif himself, an idealistic, stubborn young scientist intoxicated by the search for truth. There could be a major character like Novy, a medical school like Michigan's and a cast of minor characters drawn from De Kruif's life.
De Kruif, flabbergasted, said that sounded fine.
Lewis brought DeKruif to New York to meet his publishers, Alfred Harcourt and Donald Brace. Though "not a word of it had yet got down on paper," De Kruif recalled, Lewis talked through the outline of a long novel, a modern-day fable, "a saga…informed with the spirit of medical discovery, with a handsome, stubborn-minded young medical scientist the embattled hero."
The publishers liked it. No one had done a big novel about medicine before.
Now Lewis made his pitch for DeKruif as co-author. The kid knew all the scientific dope the novel would need, he told the publishers, and he had great instincts for telling a story. Hell, it was going to be his story – the wide-eyed country boy pursuing scientific truth in a profession of medical Babbitts. So the cover should say "By Sinclair Lewis and Paul De Kruif" and the earnings should be split 50-50.
That wasn't fair, De Kruif put in. Lewis had the big name and the talent. De Kruif should only get 25 percent of the earnings
The publishers agreed to the terms – a 75/25 split of the money and equal credit on the cover – for the moment.
De Kruif recalled that Alfred Harcourt, "out of his shrewd, sharp eyes, gave me a long look. It was not unkindly."
Mercurial and alcoholic away from his desk, Lewis in his working hours had a zealous work ethic.
Image: Oz Typewriter
Chapter 4 "What's on the Floor of Stables"
Lewis had evolved a method for developing a novel. First he would sketch the book's basic shape in his mind. Then he would research factual details, often taking a trip to do so. Next he would write a highly detailed outline, sometimes half as long as the novel itself. Then he would draft the novel in a sprint. Finally he would drop his pace to a crawl for a painstaking revision.
Lewis had imagined his hero fighting an epidemic in the tropics. So for his research trip, he decided on a cruise of the Caribbean aboard a rusty cargo steamer with De Kruif along to help him do his planning.
Lewis was itching to get going, but De Kruif said he couldn't yet. He was scheduled to marry Rhea Barbarin, a former student of his at U-M, a native of Freeland, Michigan, a small town near Saginaw. They had put off the wedding for many months as De Kruif waited for his divorce to be final, and they had a honeymoon planned.
But Lewis said he couldn't wait so long. He pressured De Kruif to cut his plans short; after the wedding he could bring Rhea east for a quick holiday before the working cruise to the Caribbean.
So De Kruif persuaded Rhea that the famous author, whose Midas touch might bring De Kruif his own chance at writing success, must be accommodated.
In New York, disillusionment awaited both De Kruifs.
Right away, Lewis took Paul aside to say Alfred Harcourt had deep-sixed the plan to list them as equal co-authors.
"Alf dopes it out this way," Lewis said. "If the critics and the book buyers see Lewis and De Kruif on the cover, they'll say Lewis is finished. He's hiring an unknown to help write his book for him."
"This sounded," De Kruif wrote later, "like what's on the floors of stables."
What about the plan to split the money 75-25? he asked. That still stood, Lewis replied. So De Kruif swallowed his pride.
Late that night, drunk as usual, Lewis edged close to Rhea De Kruif. His own wife had gone off to bed. As De Kruif looked on, he wrote later, Lewis "began at first surreptitiously and then openly to try what could only be called necking" with Rhea. She froze and the writer backed off. De Kruif chose to overlook it.
Thereafter, as if nothing had happened, Lewis treated Rhea with respectful friendliness – and used her as the model for Leora Arrowsmith, the admirable and long-suffering wife of his new protagonist.
Professor Frederick Novy (center) with his assistants, including Paul De Kruif (far left) on the steps of the old Medical Building in 1913.
Chapter 5 Collaboration at Sea
Besides the crew, Lewis and De Kruif were the only ones aboard S.S. Guiana. The first morning out, Lewis took out his Corona typewriter. He and De Kruif talked and talked, and the outline began to emerge.
It was as if Lewis were a mining engineer, extracting raw materials from De Kruif's mind and memory.
While Lewis worked on the master blueprint, De Kruif wrote a biographical synopsis of the fictional Martin Arrowsmith. It was a fictional facsimile of much of De Kruif's own life.
In De Kruif's synopsis, Arrowsmith is a boy in a small farm town like De Kruif's Zeeland. He goes to a big state university like U-M ("the University of Winnemac") where he becomes enthralled by a great scientist like Novy ("Max Gottlieb.") He studies with medical professors and students modeled on ones De Kruif knew in Ann Arbor.
Like De Kruif, Arrowsmith shifts to pure science after becoming disillusioned with "the hypocrisy, charlatanism [and] loud advertisement" of mainstream medicine. He marries a down-to-earth nurse like Rhea ("Leora") from a small town like Freeland ("Wheatsylvania.") He works as a public health director in a center like one in Flint that De Kruif knew about. He accepts a position at a private research center in New York like the Rockefeller Institute ("McGurk Institute"), where scientists are pressured for quick results to keep up the institute's prestige.
The two men filled a thick notebook. There were maps and diagrams of the novel's locales; a biography of Arrowsmith's fictional mentor, in whom De Kruif combined characteristics of Professor Novy and Jacques Loeb of the Rockefeller Institute; De Kruif's descriptions of procedures in bacteriological research, down to drawings of lab equipment and microbes.
But it wasn't just De Kruif giving to Lewis. The novelist was also imparting what he knew about storytelling to De Kruif, explaining how to draw the elements of drama from real life.
"Once facts had pinned him down, Red never tried to make do with phony movie science," De Kruif would write. "He kept teaching me to let myself go to dramatize real science. …What a blissful experience this was for me, to try to learn to write all out, wildly, yet sticking to facts."
"Beware of cliches," Lewis said again and again. "Cliches are anathema."
Lewis was fascinated by tensions in the material of De Kruif's life.
There was the general practitioner's compassion for his patient versus his sketchy grasp of human biology; the disinterested pursuit of truth for its own sake, represented by Novy, versus the pursuit of marketable cures, represented by the Rockefeller Institute. There was the public health movement's noble effort to prevent disease versus superficial blather about cleanliness. There was the scientist's zeal for untainted experiments, sacrificing untreated "controls" for the sake of finding the truth, versus the physician's duty to heal all who suffered.
All these themes found places in Lewis's notebook.
Frederick Novy at his microscope in 1916.
The medical buildings on East University where Professor Novy and Paul De Kruif did their work at Michigan — the original Medical Building, built in 1850 (with an addition in 1864), and the new Medical Building, completed in 1903. The old one went down in two steps -- half by fire in 1911, the rest by demolition in 1914. The new one, renamed the Samuel Trask Dana Building in 1961, would become the home of the School for Environment and Sustainability.
Chapter 6 Scenes and Characters
At the typewriter, Lewis permitted himself no liquor. When he left it – for lunch, dinner, and all evening long – a drink or four was always at hand. Yet ideas for the novel sprang to his mind even during his binges.
In Port of Spain, Trinidad, Lewis and De Kruif wandered into a notorious bar, the Ice House, where planter's punches led the two into "a strange world of our imaginations," as De Kruif put it. "They made us see a tropic island where death stank — the black death of the bubonic plague."
In this grungy Caribbean saloon, Lewis spun a scenario for Martin Arrowsmith's climactic choice between good science and good medicine.
The writer imagined it this way: 1) Arrowsmith has developed a promising serum for the plague; 2) to test it properly, he must dose half a population of patients with the actual cure and give the other half a placebo; 3) so he must choose: Should he honor the spirit of Gottlieb/Novy, saving thousands but dooming other thousands to a horrible death – and thus prove the efficacy of his drug once and for all? Or should he give the cure to all the islanders, and thus sacrifice his devotion to truth? (Sorry — no spoilers here.)
Minor characters in the notebooks were modeled on figures from De Kruif's past or people the travelers encountered along their journey.
From the medical faculty at U-M came good-hearted healers like "Dad" Silva, dean of the Winnemac medical school (a stand-in for Michigan's Victor Vaughan?) but also Professor Roscoe Geake, an ear-nose-throat man who urged his medical students to chase every available dollar.
From some combination of De Kruif's tales and Lewis's own glancing knowledge of Midwestern universities (he had gone to Yale), the writer would develop a word-portrait of the "University of Winnemac," circa 1910 that any reader of Babbitt might expect — keen-eyed and caustic in its view of mainstream American institutions:
…its buildings are measured by the mile; it hires hundreds of young Doctors of Philosophy to give rapid instruction in Sanskrit, navigation, accountancy, spectacle-fitting, sanitary engineering, Provencal poetry, tariff schedules … motor-car designing … and department-store advertising …
It is not a snobbish rich-man's college, devoted to leisurely nonsense. It is the property of the people of the state, and what they want … is a mill to turn out men and women who will lead moral lives, play bridge, drive good cars, be enterprising in business, and occasionally mention books, though they are not expected to have time to read them. It is a Ford Motor Factory, and if its products rattle a little, they are beautifully standardized, with perfectly interchangeable parts.
De Kruif was dazzled by Lewis's creative power. But the novelist was equally impressed by his apprentice.
"It gives me joy to inform you that de Kruif is perfection," Lewis wrote his publishers soon after leaving New York. "He has not only an astonishing grasp of scientific detail, he has a philosophy behind it, and the imagination of a fiction writer. … He loves work – he's most exuberant when we're pounding on the book …"
It is not a snobbish rich-man's college, devoted to leisurely nonsense. It is the property of the people of the state, and what they want.
– Description of the "University of Winnemac"
An excerpt from a letter from Lewis to his publishers, extolling Paul De Kruif's contributions to the planning of Arrowsmith.
Image: Harrison Smith, ed., From Main Street to Stockholm: Letters of Sinclair Lewis, 1919-1930
Chapter 7 "It Isn't Just Mine"
Lewis and De Kruif changed vessels and sailed for England, where Lewis intended to draft the novel itself. By the time they docked, he had written a 60,000-word synopsis.
Soon after they reached England, Lewis flew into a rage at De Kruif for the disloyal act of taking a trip with Rhea to visit relatives. Lewis quickly apologized and their working relations resumed. But De Kruif had had enough of the writer's craziness, and the friendship faded.
Lewis was well aware of what he owed De Kruif. "It's going to be my best book," he told Mencken, "though it isn't just mine by a long shot."
It took the novelist a year and change to complete the manuscript.
As publication approached, De Kruif asked Harcourt and Brace to include a line under Lewis's name on the title page: "In collaboration with Paul H. De Kruif." Either the publishers or Lewis said no, whereupon De Kruif asked that his role not be mentioned in the book at all.
But Lewis countered by drafting this acknowledgment: "I am indebted not only for most of the bacteriological and medical material in this tale but equally for his suggestions in the planning of the fable itself – for his realization of the characters as living people, for his philosophy as a scientist." De Kruif proposed help in place of suggestions; Lewis agreed.
Through the years, a few would whisper that Paul De Kruif actually had written Arrowsmith. "Nothing could be farther from the truth," De Kruif attested in his memoir, as he did to anyone who raised the question. "Sinclair Lewis wrote it."
Lewis's biographers agree, with due credit to the uncredited scientist. "Egos aside," writes Richard Lingeman, author of the most recent full biography, "the historian can safely say: Lewis unquestionably wrote every word of Arrowsmith; he could never have written it without De Kruif."
Sinclair Lewis was honored by the printing of a United States postage stamp in 1985.
Chapter 8 Two Classics
Arrowsmith had no sooner been published than speculation arose about its chances for the Pulitzer Prize in fiction. For Sinclair Lewis, that was a sore point.
Four years earlier, in 1921, the committee appointed to name the winner of that year's Pulitzer had chosen Lewis's Main Street. But the judges were overruled by the trustees of Columbia University, who oversee the Pulitzers and thought Main Street failed to meet the Pulitzer standard – that the winning novel must represent "the wholesome atmosphere of American life, and the highest standard of American manners and manhood."
Lewis declared that if he ever won the prize for another novel, he would send it back.
Now came word that Arrowsmith had indeed won the Pulitzer. True to his vow, Lewis told Harcourt and Brace he was turning down the prize. The publishers urged him to hold off for a day or two to maximize publicity.
Lewis recognized that by the terms of the Arrowsmith contract, a quarter of the Pulitzer winnings would have been Paul De Kruif's. So he offered his ex-friend an extra $250 from the book's royalties.
De Kruif said thanks, but no. He was already banking plenty of his own royalties.
After parting from Lewis in England, the De Kruifs had returned to the United States, where Paul pitched Harcourt and Brace on the idea of a book about the pioneers of microbiology. The average scientist could never expect to find a broad audience for such a work. But the publishers decided to give De Kruif a tryout, thanks to his zeal for the project, his apprenticeship to a master storyteller and Lewis's endorsements of De Kruif as a coming talent.
The book that resulted, Microbe Hunters (1926), swiftly sold 100,000 copies and kept going, vaulting De Kruif into the second career he had envisioned as a fulltime writer explaining science to a mass audience.
Writing mostly at his and Rhea's home in Holland, Michigan, he published 13 books in all – including one with Rhea and a memoir, The Sweeping Wind – and dozens of articles. He also gave his name and time to public health campaigns. He died in 1971.
Microbe Hunters is still read as a minor classic of its genre – works of nonfiction that borrow the dramatic tools of the novelist to tell an absorbing true story. Indeed, the lively sales of Microbe Hunters helped to show publishers that readers were eager for books about the secret worlds uncovered by scientific research, and equally fascinated by the scientists themselves.
Many books following De Kruif's model would be widely read from his time to our own era, with critical praise and prizes for the likes of Richard Rhodes's The Making of the Atomic Bomb (1987); Sylvia Nasar's A Beautiful Mind (1998) about the mathematician John Forbes Nash; and Elizabeth Kolbert's The Sixth Extinction (2014), about the imperiling of species by climate change and habitat destruction.
After Arrowsmith Lewis wrote many more novels, but only two or three, according to critics, met the standard he had set with Main Street, Babbitt and Arrowsmith. Those built the reputation that brought Lewis the Nobel Prize in literature in 1930. That one he accepted.
Arrowsmith itself still resonates. Its themes echo in contemporary debates about the relative merits of movements for "evidence-based medicine" and "patient-centered care."
And as a novel it is still read and loved, especially among readers whom it inspired to take up careers in medicine and science.
Dr. Howard Markel, a pediatrician, historian and author of his own popular books about medicine – not to mention the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine and director of the Center for the History of Medicine at U-M – has remarked often on Arrowsmith's enduring value.
"My battered paperback copy of Arrowsmith is annotated throughout with the same pen- scrawled comment: 'Still true!'" Markel wrote in 2001. "I am hardly alone: from its publication to the present, countless men and women have been inspired to pursue careers in research because of Martin's intense devotion to science. Indeed, it would be a fascinating … study to survey physicians, medical scientists, and public health workers whose career paths were directed by Martin Arrowsmith …"
Sources included Sinclair Lewis, Arrowsmith (1925); Paul De Kruif, A Sweeping Wind (1962); James M. Hutchisson, The Rise of Sinclair Lewis, 1920-1930 (1996); Richard Lingeman, Sinclair Lewis: Rebel from Main Street (2005); Mark Schorer, Sinclair Lewis: An American Life (1961); Howard Markel, "Reflections on Sinclair Lewis's 'Arrowsmith': The Great American Novel of Public Health and Medicine," Public Health Reports 116:4 (July-August 2001); Robin Marantz Henig, "The Life and Legacy of Paul De Kruif," Alicia Patterson Foundation (2002); and Powel H. Kazanjian, Frederick Novy and the Development of Bacteriology in Medicine (2017).
Paul De Kruif in later life, as the celebrated author of a series of popular books of nonfiction about science and public health.


SMALL WORLD For their contributions to the development of cryo-electron microscopy, Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson (from left to right) won the 2017 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
An imaging technique that freezes tiny biological objects such as proteins and viruses in place so that scientists can peer into their structures at the scale of atoms has won its developers the 2017 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
Jacques Dubochet of the University of Lausanne in Switzerland, Joachim Frank of Columbia University and Richard Henderson of the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England, won for their contributions to the development of the technique, called cryo-electron microscopy, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced October 4. The three will share the 9-million-Swedish-kronor (about $1.1 million) prize.


Concurrent Cuckoo hashing using lock striping. Uses R/W locks for resizing. Exercise solution.
* by Maurice Herlihy and Nir Shavit.
* This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.
* Concurrent Cuckoo hashing using lock striping.
* Uses R/W locks for resizing. Exercise solution.
* @param capacity Initial number of  buckets.
* Simple fine-grained hash map.
* Is item in set?
2. A hash-code generator and a collection of static hash-code generation methods.
21. Concurrent Cuckoo hashing using lock striping.
26. Paul Hsieh's Hash Function.
27. An extension of WeakReference that implements a sane equals and hashcode method.
29. A hash map with int key and int values.
31. Generates a hash code for a given source code.
32. AtkinsonHash utility class implements the hash algorithm used by HyperCard's ask password command.
34. This is a very fast, non-cryptographic hash suitable for general hash-based lookup.


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text:
Q: How to change a class based on focus and change in an input form in React I have a situation where I want to append a class called shrink to the label text below (Display Name) when I click or type in the input box.
My code is below:
const FormInput = ({ label, ...otherProps} ) => {
    let labelClassName = 'formInput-label';

    const addLabelClassName = () => {
        labelClassName = `${labelClassName} shrink`;
        console.log(labelClassName, 'labelClassName inside')
    }

    console.log(labelClassName, 'labelClassName outside')

    return (

            {label &&
                {label}
            }
            <input onFocus={addLabelClassName } onChange={addLabelClassName } className="formInput" {...otherProps} />

    )
};

My question:

*

*Why does when I focus/ type, at first, React outputs the correct classnames for labelClassName inside as formInput-label shrink, but immediately changes it back to formInput-label at the labelClassName outside position? How would I fix this?

*I have also tried to change the code to using the UseState approach like below:
const FormInput = ({ label, ...otherProps} ) => {
    const [interaction, setInteraction] = useState('');
    let labelClassName = 'formInput-label';

    const onInteracting = () => {
        setInteraction('interacting')
    }

    if(interaction === 'interacting') {
        labelClassName = `${labelClassName} shrink`;
    }

    return (

            {label &&
                {label}
            }
            <input onFocus={onInteracting} onChange={onInteracting} className="formInput" {...otherProps} />

    )
};

And this will append the correct class shrink to labelClassName but I'm not able to take that off when I click outside of the input/form. How may I fix this?
Thank you a ton!

A: The second approach is a better way because with changing state you will trigger component rerendering (the first approach will never re-render component).
In the second approach, you can take advantage of onBlur event and create a handler which will set the state to the default value. Something like this. You don't need onChange to setIntercation
...
 const handleBlur = () => {
    setInteraction("");
  };
...

and then in input, you have to set up onBlur prop. onChange should not do the same thing as onFocus already does.
....
 <input
        onFocus={onInteracting}
        onBlur={handleBlur}
        className="formInput"
        {...otherProps}
      />
 ....


Exit to South Beach (#6). Your goal here is to either leave peacefully with a mission from the Elder Councilors, or to attack them and retrieve the ancient tome for the Rakatan Settlement from Keeper Orsaa at area #4. Be sure and check all the wicker bins and containers in the settlement regardless, as there are numerous helpful hyper-stims and other items to be found.
Your first time here, you'll be brought as Revan to see these three councilors. One of them will ask you about yourself and why you come back after so long. If you think you'll want to ally with the Elders (the Light Side approach), persuade them that you've changed, and ask that they judge you by your actions. The councilor will then offer you a quest to prove you've indeed changed. He'll want you to rescue a prisoner from the Rakatan Settlement (#6). To do that, you'll most likely have to kill The One, as he isn't very reasonable. After you've spoken with the councilor, you'll get 1000xp and sent on your way. Feel free now to explore the settlement for a quest and some xp.
While speaking with the councilor, choose the most hostile dialogue options and you'll have the whole settlement against you. The councilors can be tough, so use extreme caution. If you do manage to make the whole settlement mad, you'll want to venture to area #4 to find Keeper Orsaa, attack him and retrieve his "ancient tome" for The One back at the Rakatan Settlement (#1), for entrance into the Ancient Temple. Of course, if you've already been hostile to The One and the Rakatan Settlement, you may not have the same option with the Elder Settlement and be forced by necessity to be peaceful.
Come back to the Elder Council here and after some deliberation, they'll agree to help you enter the ancient temple. Your job now is to meet them at Temple Exterior (#5) for the entrance ritual. You must during this conversation agree to go alone.
Talk to Ll'awa for a quest. If you ask him about his research, he'll tell you that he needs old genetic data from the Temple in order to piece together the puzzle of their races' lost force sensitivity. You'll find this data at the Temple Catacombs (#5) Rakata Computer. When you return with the datapad, you'll receive 1000xp for a reward.
You'll notice three Rakata Warriors in cages in this room. They'll ask to be released. If you kill researcher Ll'awa, take his "cage key" and open the cages, they'll promise to tell The One, who should reward you. However, if you first get the "ancient tome" from Keeper Orsaa at area #4, The One will not offer you any dialogue regarding the prisoners' release.
If you ask the Keeper about Rakata History, and go through the various topics, you'll receive 500xp. Other than that, if you're hostile to the Elder Settlement, this is the one you'll want to kill for the "ancient tome" that The One seeks back at Rakatan Settlement (#1), and represents your only chance to enter the ancient temple.
Access this computer and a research hologram will appear. Persuade the hologram that you know its language and it will allow you to ask it anything regarding the Star Forge, the Rakata people, and the Temple. Other than holding a lot of info, you'll get no xp for learning. Be sure though, to search all the wicker bins and containers in this room as they'll contain many a helpful hyper-stim and other items.


I tossed together some hearty rigatoni with spicy peppers, pea-sized green tomatoes, Italian sausage and San Marzano tomato sauce, and I needed a muscular red to pair with it. The 2007 Monte Volpe Primo Rosso looked about right; its name means "Wolf Mountain" and it packs a 14.5% alcohol punch.
Primo Rosso (meaning 1st or best red) is a proprietary blend of several old world red grape varieties including Zinfandel, Sangiovese, Carignane, Negroamaro and Nebbiolo… This wine was aged for 18 months in American, Eastern European and French Burgundy oak barrels.
So let me get this straight — there are at least five varieties (maybe more) aged in three different kinds of oak. I'm no winemaker, and I certainly have only the most rudimentary knowledge of blending, but good heavens, is that necessary? I mean, how many different kinds of oak does one really need in a wine?
Some highly regarded wines make use of complicated blends, such as Châteauneuf-du-Pape. Its AOC allows up to 18 different varietals to be used in these famous wines. But I can't help but feel it's all a little gimmicky. It seems like three or four varieties should be enough to achieve a desirable result.
This particular mutt of a wine had a clear, deep, brick-red color and an enticing aroma that smelled surprisingly aged. I liked the structure — tannins made themselves apparent at the front of the palate, with fruit in the middle and some spiciness at the back. A most pleasant drink on a cool summer evening.
It tasted better on its own than with the pasta, unfortunately, but that was my fault. The spiciness in the wine enhanced the spiciness of the pasta, when what I really wanted was for my palate to be cooled in between bites. The next time I need to match a spicy tomato sauce, I think I'll try a sweeter Grenache, or perhaps a smoky, meaty Pinotage.
2007 Monte Volpe Primo Rosso: A complicated blend with fine structure and appealing flavors of dark fruit. Chill 15 minutes in the fridge before serving.
Find It: This wine came as part of a mixed case from a monthly wine club. According to the winery's website, it's currently sold out.
I like how it says "old world" varieties – so it includes no Norton nor Concord? Sweet!
Ha! Indeed – they at least had the restraint to restrict themselves to vinifera varieties. But a little Norton certainly couldn't have hurt. As long as it was aged in Eastern European oak, of course.


Jon Dadi Bodvarsson believes the squad are responding to a change in tempo on the training pitch.
Relfecting on the weeks since Paul Lambert arrived as Head Coach, the striker explained that the messages off the pitch are much clearer, creating a positive response on the pitch.
He said: "Well I think one of the biggest differences is the work rate and the tempo in our game.
"We are playing much faster in my opinion, we are defending better as a unit. Defensively we have become much better.
"We are working on both sides of our game, attacking and defending at the moment and I think it is improving.
"Paul Lambert has come with a plan and it is clear.
"There is a clear message for all the guys in the team what their job is on the field and I think everybody is taking it very very positively and I think we are improving a lot."
Wolves' first game with Lambert in charge was away at Preston last weekend where the side's shared a 0-0 draw in well-contested game at Deepdale.
"It wasn't a pleasure for the fans to watch," claimed Bodvarsson before adding: "There weren't a lot of chances in it but I think we took a lot of positives from that game. We were really good defensively and good in possession of the ball."
"We held the ball up well, but I think it was just in the last third of the pitch where we needed to be a bit more clinical. Other than that I think we are improving.
"I am not just saying that because I am in a press conference. I think it is improving a lot and like I said, everyone has their job on the field and the messages are much more clearer now and I think all of the guys are taking it very very well."
The striker looked back over Wolves' recent run of games and, when asked if he could pinpoint a reason behind the poor run, he replied: "I think it's just that there were a lot of rotations in the team, it was not often that we had the same team as before.
"Obviously a team always has to rotate at certain times but sometimes we did it to often in my opinion so maybe that is one of the reasons why we weren't as consistent in results.
"I think right now we are just trying to improve that and I think like I said before, everyone knows their jobs on the field and it is much easier and clearer now so I think it looks really really good.
"I think the most important thing is that the team just needs to win. We need to get our winning game back for the confidence of the team and I think from there on we will work from that.
"Obviously we want to be at the top of the table and we want to be in the battle to qualify but it is going to be a hard job but as I said at the moment it looks really really good and we are just really excited for the next game on Saturday."


text:
Néstor Togneri (27 de novembre de 1942 - 8 de desembre de 1999) fou un futbolista argentí.

Selecció de l'Argentina
Va formar part de l'equip argentí a la Copa del Món de 1974.

Referències

Futbolistes internacionals amb l'Argentina de la dècada de 1970
Morts a l'Argentina
Futbolistes de la província de Buenos Aires


text:
Singapore: Police arrests 55 suspects for alleged scams involved more than S$1.8 m
By Bhaswati Guha Majumder
Updated August 5, 2018 13:25 +08
Singapore Police Force Reuters
After a five day long operation, Singapore police arrested 55 people for their suspected involvement in various scams that involved transactions worth more than S$1.8 million.
On Sunday, police said in a news release that 30 men and 25 women, aged between 18 and 71, are cooperating with the officers in the investigation after the Bedok Police Division conducted the search operation.
"The suspects are being investigated for cheating which carries a punishment of imprisonment for up to 10 years and a fine under the Penal Code, or money laundering which carries a punishment of imprisonment for up to 10 years and/or a fine of up to S$500,000 under the Corruption, Drug Trafficking and Other Serious Crimes (Confiscation of Benefits) Act," police added.
They also mentioned that these suspects are allegedly involved in 77 scams and commercial-related cases, including e-commerce scams, loan scams and commercial frauds, which were reported in Tampines, Pasir Ris and Bedok estates.
Later the Assistant Commissioner Tan Tin Wee, Commander of Bedok Police Division said that police will take serious actions against any person involved in any kind scam and those found perpetrating scams will face extreme punishment under the law.
However, Singapore Police Force has asked the local residents to follow few steps to avoid such scams and these are:
Do not share personal information such as identification number, bank account number, One-Time Passwords, or SMS-verification codes with anyone.
Keep in mind that the person you are dealing with online is a stranger. Before making any transaction, find out how the online site safeguards your interest or can help you resolve disputes.
Buy goods from authorized dealers. If advanced payments are required, use shopping platforms that provide arrangements to only release your payment to the seller upon your receipt of the item.
Bear in mind that although scammers may provide a copy of an identification card or driving license to gain your trust, it may not necessarily belong to the person communicating with you online.
People can visit scamalert.sg or call the Anti-Scam Hotline at 1800-722-6688 to know more about the scams and if anyone has any information on such scams, they are requested to call on police hotline number 1800-255 0000 or can submit the information through the portal www.police.gov.sg/iwitness. Police assured that they will keep informer's details as a secret.
Malaysian police reveal items, cash seized from places related to Najib, worth up to RM1.1 billion
Singapore: 67 men, 35 women arrested for suspected involvement in sam cases
Singapore: Vendor and SBS Transit foreman cheated company of more than S$210000, sentenced to jail
Singapore's first seed bank launched to protect regional plant from climate change
Singapore Botanic Gardens Seed Bank has launched hopes that by storing and...
UK's Johnson says his comments about U.S. envoy were a factor in his resignation
The lack of support from Johnson during a televised debate with his rival...
8 women, 1 man arrested from massage parlours and public entertainment outlets
Singapore police from Central Police Division conducted enforcement...
Singaporean penalized in Malaysia for not showing passport while leaving
Three of these accused committed their offences at Bangunan Sultan...
Singapore detains Myanmar nationals accused of links to Rakhine insurgent group
Khine Thu Kha, a spokesman for the AA, denied the detainees belonged to...
Murder charges on 3 suspects withdrawn in Orchard Towers slitting throat case
Orchard Towers death case 3 suspects are now facing a charge each of...
From Iron Lady to lame duck: Hong Kong leader's departure seen as mere matter of time
Activists and protest groups said they could not trust her words and are...
Singapore women photos doctored using DeepNude app; shared on pornographic sites
Lawers stated that using such apps to change someone's photo to make them...
4 of 7 Orchard Towers murder suspects taken to crime scene to recall what's happened
Seven of the Orchard Towers murder suspects are expected to attend the...


Her name is Bella. A beautiful name. A beautiful girl. She is five. Only five. What hell has befallen this little girl in her few short years is unimaginable. The Department checked on her and her sister ELEVEN times before they removed them, and placed them in foster care. She has been in seven foster homes in one year, four of them within one month. She is five.
She has spent time in an Alternative Treatment Unit, living there instead of with a family. She has been diagnosed with RAD (Reactive Attachment Disorder), PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), and has sexualized behaviors that she acts on. Heartbreaking. I talked with a Worker at the Dept. who has been there for twenty years and she has never seen a child this young diagnosed with RAD.
This little girl may soon be deemed unadoptable, and placed in an institution. Someone can adopt her before that happens, it will take exceptional strength and love that I believe God can provide. It will take years for her to return any love that is shown to her. She cannot be in a home with other children. There is a small possibility that they will allow her to be in a home with a teenager.
Please join me in praying for this little girl. This earthly life has done nothing good for her. I cannot imagine the pain she must feel, not being close to anyone, not having the love of a mother or father. I am praying that a loving and competent couple would step up and take her in their arms. It's not too difficult to imagine since we are involved with a group of people who are wanting to adopt. It will take some very special people, and God will have to place it on their heart to be God's hands and feet for this little child.
Bella. May she find a beautiful life.
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Thank you, it means more than you will ever know.