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pwa new deal: relief, recovery, reform
FDR's plan, the New Deal, consisted of various "Alphabet Agencies". FDR's New Deal dramatically changed America The New Deal was successful in offering relief programs like the CCC, PWA, WPA to help people through the Depression New Deal was successful in offering reform to the stock market (SEC), banking (FDIC), unions (Wagner Act, FLPC), elderly (Social Security) Does it still exist today? Most of the bolder relief and reform programs emerged in the Second New Deal (1935-1936). -Franklin Roosevelt Recovery Recovery: The "Pump - Priming" temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand. Emergency Banking Relief Act (EBRA) Recovery Glass-Steagall Act Reform Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Recovery Federal Securities Act (FSA) Reform Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) Reform Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Recovery … 2. Paid farmers to reduce number of acres they planted and livestock raised 3. funded through a tax on food processors 4. 3. Der New Deal war eine Serie von Wirtschafts- und Sozialreformen, ... um das Ausmaß der Not einzuschätzen. FCA AAA I TVA Resettlement AAA II REA CWA NIRA/NRA NLRB PWA Social Security New Deal Programs for the Housing Market and Homeowners I. The act was enacted by congress on June 16, 1933 as a part of the First Hundred Days of Roosevelt's first term in office. The Public Works Administration is quite similar to the Works Project Administration because of the labor that is offered with both programs. Roosevelt created the New Deal within the first 100 days of serving his term. The New Deal: Measures for Relief, Recovery, and Reform THE NEW DEAL: RELIEF BANK HOLIDAY: 6 March 1933 -- closed all banks; government then investigated banks and only those that were sound were allowed to reopen. What did Roosevelt mean by relief, recovery and reform? KEY New Deal Programs Directions: After reading the information on the placard and analyzing the picture, predict what words complete the sentence frames, write a brief description on how the program looks today and then determine if it was a Relief, Recovery or Reform program. Long-range goals of permanent recovery and the reform of institutional abuses and practices that had produced the Depression came as part of the Second New Deal, from November 1933 to 1939. Labor, women, and blacks were large parties affected by the New Deal. These agencies were grouped into three categories, relief, recovery, and reform. This program created many projects similar to the WPA, and built things such as dams, bridges, hospitals, and schools. The goal of the New Deal was to restore confidence in the economy. FDR's plan, the New Deal, consisted of various "Alphabet Agencies". FDR agreed to include the PWA as part of the New Deal measures but he demanded that the initial cost of the PWA be scaled back. AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT (Recovery) Created in 1933, the AAA paid farmers for not planting crops to prevent overproduction and raise prices. These new policies aimed to solve the economic problems created by the depression of the 1930's. The "New Deal" consisted of the 3 main ideas, which are relief, recovery, and reform. PLAY. 0 Comments. iOS. What did Roosevelt mean by relief, recovery and reform? The New Deal was created to help American's recover from the Great Depression. How successful do you believe WPA program was at relieving the economic crisis? Gravity. 3. (relief), Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), Gave direct relief in the form of money ($3 billion) to states and localities for distribution to the needy (relief), Paid farmers to reduce the amount of crops harvested, destroyed livestock, and to not farm in order to reduce surplus of goods and raise prices due to the scarcity of the products (relief), Brought electricity to rural areas that could not afford electric power lines (reform), Loaned money to homeowners to help them refinance their mortgages and avoid losing their property through bank foreclosures (recovery), Made loans to private industries to build public works such as dams, ports, bridges, sewage plants, hospitals, governments buildings, and airports (recovery), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Insured savings of bank depositors and monitored soundness of insures banking institutions (recovery), Provided money to states to employ young men to build 225,000 miles of roads, 30,000 schools, and 3,700 playing fields (recovery), Regulated the stock and bond trading; regulated exchanges where stocks and bongs were sold and legislated requirements for disclosure of fair stock information (reform), Provided bank loans to help repair, rebuild, and insure older homes (reform), Employed people to do artistic, public works, and research projects by setting aside $300 million to create Federal Project Number One (relief), Provided job training and work for people ages 16-25; provided part-time jobs for needy students (relief), Created the NLRB and reaffirmed laborers' rights to bargain for wages, hours, and working conditions, the right to strike, and the right of arbitration for grievances (reform), Provided benefits for unemployed, aged, dependent, and handicapped persons (reform), Established a minimum wage of 40 cents per hour and a maximum work week of 40 hours (reform). Android. PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION (Relief/Recovery) The PWA was intended both for industrial recovery and unemployment relief. REFORM. Created by. Relief meant that the government was taking immediate action. REFORM: THE BANKING CRISIS. Historical Background. The Public Works Administration did more large-scale projects where the Works Project Administration did more medium-scale projects. joshandjaniestudyfortests. FDR's New Deal dramatically changed America The New Deal was successful in offering relief programs like the CCC, PWA, WPA to help people through the Depression New Deal was successful in offering reform to the stock market (SEC), banking (FDIC), unions (Wagner Act, FLPC), elderly (Social Security) The New Deal: Relief, Recovery, and Reform. How does WPA program add to your understanding of the Great Depression. Recovery; Reform; Evaluating the New Deal; A third of many New Deal programs that fall under the "Relief" category is the PWA, or the Public Works Administration which was created the same year as the New Deal in 1933. Learn. FEDERAL EMERGENCY RELIEF ASSOCIATION [FERA]: 1933 -- gave direct relief in the form of money as aid to states and localities for distribution to needy. These agencies were grouped into three categories, relief, recovery, and reform. I. Al Dave Ismail. Flashcards. It was never a success. Allowed the government to examine all banks and allow those that were financially sound to open (recovery) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) March 31, 1933. The New Deal was a sweeping package of public works projects, federal regulations, and financial system reforms enacted by the United States federal government in an effort to help the nation survive and recover from the Great Depression of the 1930s. Does WPA program fall under the Relief, Recovery, or Reform Program of Roosevelt's New Deal? RECOVERY. 1. KEY New Deal Programs Directions: After reading the information on the placard and analyzing the picture, predict what words complete the sentence frames, write a brief description on how the program looks today and then determine if it was a Relief, Recovery or Reform program. These new policies aimed to solve the economic problems created by the depression of the 1930's. Between 1933 and 1938 the administration and Congress created dozens of federal programs collectively known as the New Deal, and often referred to as the "Alphabet Agencies." The New Deal's most immediate goals were short-range relief and immediate recovery. Does WPA program fall under the Relief, Recovery, or Reform Program of Roosevelt's New Deal? if not should it? 2. Since the WPA replaced the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, I would say that originally it was meant as relief, but it also helped the recovery. The relief agencies were designed to help those in need. Allowed the government to examine all banks and allow those that were financially sound to open (recovery), Provided jobs and relocation for young men (18-25) in building parks, planting trees, building small dams, draining swamps, assisting in flood control, etc. iOS. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Long-range goals of permanent recovery and the reform of institutional abuses and practices that had produced the Depression came as part of the Second New Deal, from November 1933 to 1939. The new deal was a plan that Roosevelt and Congress put into action to hopefully overcome the Great Depression. The New Deal's most immediate goals were short-range relief and immediate recovery. The new deal focused on the three general goals: relief, recovery, and reform. As part of the New Deal came a work program called the PWA or Public Works Administration. RECOVERY. The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. The New Deal. The "New Deal" consisted of the 3 R's which are Relief, Recovery, … REFORM. ... (Reform) Before the New Deal, only 10 percent of the country outside cities and towns had electricity. Example: Works Progress Administration (WPA) The government provided long term jobs building schools and The Public Works Administration is quite similar to the Works Project Administration because of the labor that is offered with both programs. ALPHABET SOUP-NEW DEAL LEGISLATION Relief-Recovery-Reform Environment 1933 Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) … The New Deal was created to help American's recover from the Great Depression. Emergency Banking Relief Act March 9, 1933. The New Deal was President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's legislative program. New Deal One (Relief, Recovery, Reform) The flashcards below were created by user kheinzmann on FreezingBlue Flashcards. New Deal Programs for Business and Labor RELIEF. New Deal Programs for Business and Labor RELIEF. Spell. Indeed, immediately after taking the oath of office, FDR set out to provide relief, recovery, and reform in his bundle of programs known as the New Deal. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. FCA AAA I TVA Resettlement AAA II REA CWA NIRA/NRA NLRB PWA Social Security New Deal Programs for the Housing Market and Homeowners Public Works Administration (PWA) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Relief Recovery Reform Directions: In the space provided, draw a New‐Deal style poster to promote the various programs identified on the front. 1. Write. In 1933, Roosevelt passed the New Deal, a series of programs dedicated to the relief, recovery, and reform of America. FERA WPA Wagner Act 7a NIRA CWA NIRA/NRAN LRB/FLSA PWA Social Security New Deal Programs for Farmers RELIEF. THE NEW DEAL Recovery for the sick economy 28. REFORM. A third of many New Deal programs that fall under the "Relief" category is the PWA, or the Public Works Administration which was created the same year as the New Deal in 1933. Relief, Recovery & Reform: The New Deal, 1933 -1938 A Presentation Based on the Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE) Objectives for High School History Students. A. The New Deal. The relief agencies were designed to help those in … … Civil Works Administration (CWA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Emergency Banking Act (FDIC) Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) Federal ... ~ Learning About the New Deal Programs. Terms in this set (16) Emergency Banking Relief Act March 9, 1933 . The three primary goals of the New Deal were relief, recovery, reform. Reform, Recovery, or Relief? That promise became a series of relief, recovery, and reform programs designed to provide assistance to the unemployed and poor, revive the economy, and change the financial system to prevent another depression. Reform - Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters. Relief, Recovery, Reform: The New Deal Initiatives Soon after taking office, President Roosevelt promoted his New Deal program, which would emphasize the "3 Rs": relief, recovery, and reform. As part of the New Deal came a work program called the PWA or Public Works Administration. The Public Works Administration was like the Works Project Administration because the jobs they offered were building projects of same variety to improve American towns and cities. The New Deal describes the . There were two parts of the New Deal – 1933- 1934 and 1935 – 1941. Recovery - "Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand. Farm income rose, but many tenants and share-croppers still lost their jobs. [11] It was to last two years with the purpose of providing relief to the nation's economy. Roosevelt drew much of his inspiration for the New Deal from the writings of British economist John Maynard Keynes , who believed that a government's deficit spending could prime the economic pump and jump-start the economy. The timeline below shows some major events related to the New Deal, beginning with its antecedents in the four years before Roosevelt's inauguration: 1929. Franklin D Roosevelt (FDR) was the 32nd American President who served in office from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945. STUDY. Recovery - "Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand. This is a partial list of New Deal "alphabet agencies" and their primary function (relief, recovery, or reform). FDR's Three R's - Relief, Recovery and Reform - required either immediate, temporary or permanent actions and reforms and were collectively known as FDR's New Deal. Relief - Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration. New Deal: Relief, Recovery, or Reform Though it incorporated aspects of all three, the primary focus of the New Deal was that of Recovery. Relevance. Historians distinguish the "First New Deal" of 1933 that had something for almost every group, and the "Second New Deal … At the outset of the First New Deal, specific goals included 1) bank reform; 2) job creation; 3) economic regulation; and 4) regional planning. The "Three R's" were first introduced by President Roosevelt during the Great Depression to address the apparent problems of mass unemployment and the economic crisis. On the forefront of Roosevelt's mind was the belief that the most important aspect to the wellbeing of a country was a well functioning national economy. program of US president Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933 to 1939 of relief, recovery, and reform. 9 years ago. The many Relief, Recovery and Reform programs were initiated by a series of laws that were passed between 1933 and 1938. More. In total the program ended up spending 6 billion dollars. The New Deal Checklist. Favorite Answer. The "New Deal" consisted of the 3 main ideas, which are relief, recovery, and reform. Most bills could be grouped around issues of relief, recovery, and reform. Program Description of Program Program Today Relief, Recovery or Reform? program of US president Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933 to 1939 of relief, recovery, and reform. National Industrial Recovery ACT (NIRA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) 1. Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1939, which took action to bring about immediate economic relief as well as reforms in industry, agriculture, finance, waterpower, labour, and housing, vastly increasing the scope of the federal government's activities. The New Deal is the name given to the series of programs implemented between 1933-37 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt with the goal of relief, recovery and reform of the United States economy during the Great Depression.Dozens of "alphabet reform" agencies were created. During the 1930's, the Civil Works Administration (CWA), Work Projects Administration (WPA), and Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) employed millions of people. New Deal, domestic program of the administration of U.S. Pres. These were the immediate goals of the Hundred Days Congress , which met March 9-June 6, 1933. Reform - Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters. In 1933, Roosevelt passed the New Deal, a series of programs dedicated to the relief, recovery, and reform of America. On the forefront of Roosevelt's mind was the belief that the most important aspect to the wellbeing of a country was a well functioning national economy. Soon after taking office, President Roosevelt promoted his New Deal program, which would emphasize the "3 Rs": relief, recovery, and reform. The purpose of the PWA was to give jobs to the unemployed while also rebuilding and expanding both local and national infrastructure. These were the immediate goals of the Hundred Days Congress , which met March 9-June 6, 1933. The New Deal describes the . It focused on three areas – relief, recovery and reform: Relief - Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration. De New Deal voorzag in Hulp (relief) voor mensen zonder werk en geld, economisch Herstel (recovery) richting het oude niveau van vóór de crisis en een preventieve Hervorming (reform) van het bankwezen. 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pwa new deal: relief, recovery, reform 2020


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Home→Articles→Luminous disks
101st man wearing disk on front of helmet
Luminous or fluorescent disks were issued on a limited scale to paratroops for the Normandy jump. These small disks were attached to the front or back of the helmet so that the men could see each other in darkness. In this article I try to give a detailed view on the variations that existed, as well as the containers they were issued in.
But first a word on who used them and how. It is often identified as a pathfinder item, but that is just talk to drive up the price in auctions. They are known to have been used by pathfinders and other paratroopers alike, so they weren't specifically issued to pathfinders. I also have my doubts about the actual usefulness of these disks in combat.
It is true that these disks glow even in total darkness, without having to first shine a torch on them to charge them (even after more than 60 years!). With the same blackout that was in force throughout occupied Europe, we can assume that there was no ambient light that night of 5-6 June (streetlights, houses…), only German flak fire to ruin your night vision. Even so, the Normandy jump was on a full moon, so I think you would still have to be quite close to the man in front to make out the shine of the disk on his helmet.
Full box of luminous disks at museum La-Roche-en-Ardenne
The stuff inside that glows is radium, the same radio-active material that was used in wrist watches until the 1960s when they discovered that this may be harmful, especially when tampered with. Now they use tritium, which works even better, but won't make you look like Homer Simpson after a while. They didn't know quite how harmful the material was, but they were careful enough to mark each disk with 'poison inside' (radioactive material was classified at the time as a poison for the purpose of transportation) and to ship the disks in small lead-lined containers. If you want to know more about the precise composition of the glowing stuff inside, see the links to some related articles at the bottom of this page.
Types of disks
While outwardly similar, various types of these disks intended for wearing on the person existed. I will focus here on the types used by paratroops: the tie-on type, clip-on type and pin-on type. There were other luminous disks that were larger in diameter, but were not intended to be worn on helmets. The names 'deck marker' and 'bridge marker' allude to their purpose. More details about the latter types can be found via the links to related articles below.
Tie-on type
This is the most common type, although it still fetches high prices at auctions. As with the other types, the radium center is covered by a dome-shaped glass cover which clicks into the backside, secured by two hollow rivets. The backside and rivets were made of blued sheet steel or zinc coated or blackened brass. The ties would go through the hollow rivets. The one pictured here came with a green woolen individual pouch and para cord ties. I have also seen such pouches made of lighter weight OD green cotton.
Clip-on type front (click image to enlarge) Clip-on type back (click image to enlarge)
Clip-on type
This type is very rare, so more expensive. These only existed in blued steel and are mostly seen with some surface rust. In mint condition, these will cost you hundreds of dollars. The back is also marked with 'POISON INSIDE' and next to the clip, it can also be tied on by the hollow rivets.
Tie-on type front (click image to enlarge) Tie-on type back (click image to enlarge)
Pin-on type
This type is the rarest. So rare that I didn't have a picture of it. But you could find one in Michel De Trez's "The Point Of No Return". Instead of the clip, it has a kind of safety pin at the back. I am told that these were not marked 'poison inside', but that they have the broad-arrow mark. That would label them as British issue, or so I thought.
That was until July 2015, when Joseph Muchanski sent me photos of his luminous disk with a pin back. It is not Broad Arrow marked but marked R.L.I. 1942. Under the pin is Pat. # 2336969. It is 1 1/2" in diameter. At first I tried searching the patent number, but I couldn't find anything. That's because it's not a US patent number. The disk is not US but Canadian made. RLI stands for Radium Industries Limited. See photos below.
Pin-on type front (click image to enlarge) Pin-on type back (click image to enlarge)
Bridge marker
I found these pics of a bridge marker at an eBay auction. They are quite rare also, but outside the scope of this article. I thought I'd show one here anyway, just for comparison. It is larger and has a threaded bolt at the back. More information about bridge markers can be found via the link at the bottom of this article.
Bridge marker front Bridge marker back
Eric Eaton sent me photos of screw-on type luminous disks, also known as bridge markers. They would be attached to bridges, buildings, vessels. He got this from a WW2 US Navy veteran, so presumably it would have been used on a vessel. Any further info on this is welcome! It's the first time I've seen a photo of the box anyway.
The large-type disk seen below is also what's called a bridge marker, but besides two prongs with holes for nails or screws, it also has a regular clip for attaching it to a helmet net or to webbing. I didn't have any good pictures of it until now. The seller was so kind to let me use his photos. He sold just one disk with the felt bag for $400 on eBay. The metal box was not for sale, but it is very interesting because it solves the TYPE I vs. TYPE III mystery (see below). Apparently, this type of disks belongs in the TYPE III-marked box, which has diagonal dividers inside (allowing for larger, but fewer disks). The TYPE 1 box has the smaller square dividers for the disks that were worn on helmets (mostly). The disk has a clip like the smaller disks for attaching it to the helmet net, the uniform or webbing, and two prongs with holes for nails. It is marked "USRC UNDARK 22m-TTR58 4-45 POSION INSIDE". This was made April 1945.
Bridge marker in TYPE III box Marking on TYPE III box
Everything gets copied, so why not luminous disks. I can't really recommend any of them as accurate copies, so better save up for one decent real one. The one in the pics below is from Milforce. It's the clip-on type and it comes with a pouch.
Repro Milforce front Repro Milforce back
As mentioned above, the disks were issued in lead-lined sheet metal containers. These are of course even harder to find than the disks themselves. I know of two types. They are virtually identical, but there are some small differences. Both were made by the U.S. Radium Corp., but stating different PO numbers.
Type I box (click image to enlarge) Type III box (click image to enlarge)
The lid is stamped with TYPE I, otherwise the text of the stamp is identical to the one on the Type III box. From the side, you can see small protrusions, which are in fact slots for the internal dividers. These dividers are missing in my own box, but from pictures of other Type I boxes, I know that these are straight, leaving six spaces. The label on the inside of the lid has crumbled away. I have pieced-together the parts of the label for this photo. Again, this label is the exact same as in the type III boxes. Note that the lead lining has dried out and is completely disintegrated.
Top box is Type I with protruding slots for dividers
(click image to enlarge) Label inside
This box does not have the protrusions on the sides. The lock button is the same as on the Type I box. Inside is the exact same label, but the metal dividers are placed diagonally instead of straight, leaving only 4 slots instead of six. These slots are larger, so maybe this type of box was for the larger bridge / deck markers? I don't know. The question is also if there ever was a Type II box.
I have never seen a Type II box, but Paul Reijnders sent me these pictures of an unmarked box. It does not have a stamp on the outside, but otherwise its appearance is identical to the Type I box (protrusions outside and square dividers inside). Inside, the label has the same text, but a different font is used. Maybe a different manufacturer?
Unmarked box
(click image to enlarge) Straight dividers
(click image to enlarge) Different font on label
None of these boxes are dated, but I would assume that the first type is the earlier version. This box is slightly more intricately made, but only in that it has the slots for the dividers. Any more definite theories are always welcome. The PO numbers could also be a clue for dating these items, but I am not familiar with these codes.
Modern 'cat-eyes' and IFF patches
After discontinuing the issue of luminous disks sometime in the 1960s (as far as I can tell), a new type of luminous marking of helmets for night-time manoeuvres was again introduced in the 1980s for the then newly developed PASGT helmet. The picture on the left shows a helmet with an early 'chocolate chip' desert camo cover and an OD green elastic helmet band with two luminous 'cat eyes'. These do not glow in the dark by themselves and have to be 'charged' with a flashlight. A later type (not shown here) has yellow reflective cat eyes. The latest ACH/MICH helmets have a flap at the top which can be opened to reveal a so-called IFF patch (Identification Friend or Foe). These are used for recognizing friendly troops from the air. Similar patches exist for wear on the uniform. You can see an example in the picture on the right. Click on the image to go to the website where I found it and find out more background on this.
PASGT helmet with 'cat eyes'
(click image to enlarge) IFF tab
Health Physics Society expert answers a consumer question on radioactivity in luminous disks: http://hps.org/publicinformation/ate/q334.html
Oak Ridge Associated Universities: great article full of interesting facts on wartime and post-war luminous disks: http://www.orau.org/ptp/collection/radioluminescent/deck.htm
You can contribute too:
This article describes the variety of disks that I have, or have pictures of. I am especially interested in an explanation of the difference between the Type I and Type III boxes, and in the possible existence of a Type II box.
Luminous disks — 22 Comments
FYI Selling a luminous disc unlike any in your collection. Please see here http://www.ebay.com/itm/300600288147?ssPageName=STRK:MESELX:IT&_trksid=p3984.m1555.l2649
John on December 11, 2011 at 23:17 said:
Hi, be very careful with these discs – they contain a relative high amount of Radium 226. It's somewhere about 5-15 uCi (microcuries). Do not store them near people. Carrying a box of 8 discs for a day would result in a big radiation dose (over the 1 year allowed limit). Radium also creates a radioactive gas – Radon. So never store the discs in closed rooms where other people stay for longer time. Never ever handle a broken disc – this would result in a serious contamination, which would be very difficult to clean.
Wouter Has on December 21, 2011 at 21:57 said:
Thanks for your warning and concern. I have two disks and keep them in a show case. Both are intact on the outside and little or no rust, but as you can see in the pics, the contents of one of them have broken up, but that's inside. I try to touch them as little as possible. It's an invisible hazard…
fred on May 21, 2013 at 12:49 said:
great site I just discovered
can I have your e-mail because I have a few parts and would like more original etc. ..
fredmoi2011@hotmail.fr
Rich on January 17, 2012 at 01:50 said:
Soldiers would sew luminous tape to the back of their helmet covers and soft caps in the 70s . This may have dated back to Vietnam conflict. We were doing this when I was a pathfinder in the 82nd in 1979 .
Jake Hughes on March 30, 2012 at 23:30 said:
I have a type II disc available for sale. Only one spot of surface rust, about 1/4 as much as the one shown above. contents inside appear to be a fine/ coarse mix of powder, and I can confirm that they are dangerously radioactive, since I have been using it to test several Geiger counters. Make an offer if interested. Email only. Will trade for silver bullion and/ or firearms.
Jake Hughes on April 25, 2012 at 20:14 said:
My Email address is: jakedhughes @ gmail.com (without the spaces)
Alex Fulle on July 11, 2013 at 09:09 said:
I have a type III lead lined box i recently aquired…how much is it worth?
Wouter Has on August 11, 2013 at 09:51 said:
It depends on the condition it is in. Does it have the dividers, is the label on the inside of the lid still intact, and what is its general appearance? I bought one for as little as 50EUR, but they can fetch 3 or 4 times that for a perfect one. I hope this helps.
Dustin on October 6, 2013 at 09:15 said:
I have found one of the tie on helmet markers with my metal detector intact and in pretty good cond. I didn't know what it was for the last few months and have handled it probably more than I should just looking at the strange find. I thought it was just junk I am glad its not . How do I go about finding a collector interested in something like this?
Wouter Has on October 6, 2013 at 13:59 said:
If you don't plan on keeping it, the best place to sell it is on eBay. If it's rusty though (my guess, since you dug it up), it may be hard to sell.
Mark Anthony on September 18, 2014 at 21:35 said:
Hello I'm writing a website about radiation and I want to ask, how about sending those discs abroda? It wouldbe a problem on borders?
Hello Mark, I don't know really. I must have gotten mine via airmail years ago, but customs have become stricter. I personally wouldn't dare anymore.
Regards, Wouter
Mark Anthony on November 7, 2014 at 22:20 said:
thanks a lot! Ccould I use one of your photos on my website? I want to write a note about those discs :)- they are a great source of radiation and worn on head (despite metal helmet) they could serious health damage. The dose rate could be betwee 10 and 40 mR/h (100-400uSv/h)
Best reards 🙂
Jonathan Smith on October 29, 2015 at 21:03 said:
I have a wide collection of these, from the largest deck (bridge) markers in both with grommet holes and with threaded bolt attachment types) to the small personnel units (So much variety here, but I do believe I have all the combinations)…even two of the R.L.I. personnel units, all in cloth sachets they came in. When I collect, I collect until nothing is left…hah.
Anyway, while my collection is kept at university under 24-hour monitoring, I have made some purchases of these when they were located in other countries than the U.S. In the last 3 years I have purchased 4 (two of the largest bridge markers and my two RLI exemplars. Since I had no experience "importing" this item aside fro my job, I just let them be shipped as most authorities wii assign responsibility to conform with IATA, DOT, etc. to the shipping entity alone. I knew the ARAMs at the Intl Airports would detect them, and I was not disappointed! After the postman went, all I saw was a heavily repaired carton with green tape labeled with DHS – Inspected by DHS…
Never had an issue though as these items were made here.
I have completed dosimetry and radiometrology on all of the models and am willing to share the findings with anyone who asks.
Wouter Has on December 7, 2015 at 18:54 said:
Great info Jonathan, and kudos to your complete collection 😉 Do you have the cardboard box too? I was sent a photo of these just recently. I have added it to the article.
Gavin on October 11, 2019 at 04:55 said:
I have three of the type II clip on style discs in perfect condition including the olive drab cloth pouch's which they came in. Make me an offer.
Vince on May 2, 2014 at 18:05 said:
http://souvenezvous44.blogspot.fr/2014/04/casque-para.html
M.L. Hazelrigg on April 9, 2016 at 06:42 said:
I have the in my dad's ww2 us navy days 1 of the clip on type. No metal box , it has been in a cardboard box in a desk drawer for many years. Looks to be in mint condition, no rust. He served fron 1940 to 1946, mostly in the Pacific. I have handled it this evening, not knowing what it was until i found this site. It is in tact. How should i store it? I would be willing to sell. I can email photo.
Michael Bruce on October 3, 2016 at 07:04 said:
I just bought two complete type III boxes and the Larger bridge marker clip on discs disks
Mike on December 29, 2019 at 05:26 said:
I found what I believe to be one today while on a beach in the US. The difference is what it stamped on the back of the marker, itself. I can't find a picture of anything like it. Is there some where where I can post of pictures of it to get you guy's opinions?
Wouter Has on January 2, 2020 at 08:36 said:
Hello Mike, happy new year! You can send a photo to paratrooper.be@gmail.com so I can post it for you. It sounds interesting.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


New York City has always held a special place in my heart for a number of reasons but mostly because I lived 45 minutes from The City for all of my childhood. Ive spent many nights in the city with family, watched numerous Thanksgiving Day Parades, ice-skated, seen Broadway plays, ballets, watched the Rockettes and enjoyed The Nutcracker. The one thing I had never done though, was bring my SLR to capture photos of the city.
I arrived at Top of the Rock at sunset and staked out my spot on the 68th floor, between 2 sections of the glass walls. The spacing between glass panels is just wide enough for a lens to fit through and thats exactly what I did. Tripods arent allowed and I had to hand-hold the camera and keep shutter speeds short by increasing the ISO and aperture.
Just below Top of the Rock lies one of NYCs most famous restaurants: The Rainbow Room, which holds a special place in my heart. In 1986 the Rainbow Room underwent a major renovation, overseen by Joseph Baum, my great-uncle. The Rainbow Room and other restaurants he spearheaded like The Four Seasons and Windows on the World (on top of the WTC) became some of the most well known and highest grossing restaurants in history. Although I was too young to participate, my family had many parties at the Rainbow Room, just a few floors below where I was standing to take this picture.


text:
Arcizac kan syfta på följande platser:

Frankrike

 Arcizac-ez-Angles, departementet Hautes-Pyrénées i regionen Occitanien,
 Arcizac-Adour, departementet Hautes-Pyrénées i regionen Occitanien,

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
La Veta elects Doug Brgoch as mayor
LA VETA– Tuesday, La Veta voters returned their town governance to familiar territory when they elected Doug Brgoch as Mayor. Brgoch, who grew up in the La Veta area, received 250 votes compared to 52 for his opponent, Trustee Logan Taggart. He previously served 17 years as mayor, leaving the board in 2006. As water commissioner, Brgoch has a keen interest in water rights, and La Veta can put his knowledge to use right away in making its new Mexican Ditch water right more serviceable. There are 599 registered voters in La Veta; 303 ballots were cast on Tuesday. Not every ballot contained a vote for every position or issue, and one ballot only contained a vote on the sales tax question. The ballot question on increasing the local sales tax by one-half percent passed on a vote of 195 to 99. The revenues from the sales tax increase, up to $50,000, will fund the Francisco Fort Museum. If the revenues exceed $50,000, the excess will be allocated to streets, alleys and sidewalk improvements. Trustee Shane Clouse, who appeared on the ballot unopposed, received 218 votes. Trustee Dale Davis, who was also unopposed, received 174 votes. The town had five openings on the board and only two candidates. After the new board is seated, it will have the option of taking letters of interest for the vacant seats, appointing people to fill them, or holding a special election. One of the most crucial matters facing the new board will be deciding how profoundly marijuana establishments will be allowed to affect the complexion of the town, which relies to a great extent on its wholesome charm to attract tourist dollars.


text:
RED DE PROFES	De periodismo emprendedor
Currícula universitaria
Cómo lo Hicimos
El eslabón olvidado del periodismo emprendedor
Anatomía del profesor de periodismo emprendedor
Radiografía de los cursos de periodismo emprendedor
Desempeño e impacto
Sumario de recomendaciones
Quiénes lo hicimos
Red de Profes
Herramientas para el aula
Visita Sembramedia
Visita Google News Initiative
A Basic Kit for Teaching Entrepreneurial Journalism
6006183fd11e7
The following recommendations are a compilation of answers given by the 25 professors interviewed when we asked them what they read, how they kept informed and what works they consulted related to the topic of entrepreneurial journalism.
6006183fd16b3
The professors interviewed use a wide and diverse source of texts to develop and teach their entrepreneurial journalism courses. These are the five books and manuals the interviewees mentioned the most:
Death to the Mass
Jeff Jarvis (2016)
An essay about the future of the news from the perspective of the multiple business models of the media, the various forms of media-audience relationships, and the never-ending evolution of the journalistic narrative.
Innovative Journalism in Latin America
Ismael Nafría and Teresa Mioli (2017)
A compilation of articles published on the Knight Center blog that cover projects related to new narratives, distribution and innovative ways of doing business. Available for free.
The Lean Startup
Eric Ries (2011)
A key text which introduces the Agile Methodology for creating companies quickly, using the least resources necessary in order to validate a business idea.
Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur (2010)
A text which addresses the challenges of building a business model using the nine essential blocks of the Business Model Canvas.
The Reinvention of The New York Times
Ismael Nafría (2017)
A comprehensive, detailed look at the evolution of the Gray Lady of U.S. journalism and its organizational transformation, especially in regards to its audience-focused business model. Available for free.
Refes
We asked the professors we interviewed to name the people they consider to be experts on the topic of entrepreneurial journalism. Many mentioned local leaders, as well as the founders of successful entrepreneurial endeavors. Others mentioned regional and international professionals. This list is a compilation of the names of six experts (in the order of number of mentions) who were were cited as references by the professors we interviewed.
Ramón Salaverría
Professor at the school of communication at the Universidad de Navarra in Spain. He is the author of several books, including Ciberperiodismo en Iberoamerica and Periodismo Integrado. He is part of SembraMedia's board of directors.
Rosental Alves
Founder and director of the Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas at the University of Texas in Austin. He is part of the SembraMedia board of directors.
James Breiner
Bilingual digital media consultant and a visiting professor at the Universidad de Navarra in Spain. Author of the blog, Entrepreneurial Journalism in Ibero-America. He is also the treasurer of SembraMedia's executive board.
Ismael Nafría
Journalist and media consultant, author of the book "The Reinvention of The New York Times" as well as author of the digital media newsletter, Tendenci@s, (Trends). He is the vice president of SembraMedia's executive board.
Director of the Tow-Knight Center for Entrepreneurial Journalism of the Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism, The City University of New York. He is the author of the book, "The End of the Mass Media."
Janine Warner
Entrepreneur, digital journalism pioneer, author of more than 25 books. Knight Fellow with the International Center for Journalists (ICFJ). She is the co-founder and executive director of SembraMedia.
Time after time, the professors we interviewed mentioned two information sources they use to keep up with what happens in the media industry and journalism: Nieman Lab from Harvard University and the Poynter Institute.
However, we also observed that the information consumption habits of these professors are fragmented and biased. The professors recognize that they no longer keep up with the news: the news find them.
Miguel Carvajal said he does not usually seek out specific sources: "The information comes to me. I use Mediagazer - an aggregator service - a lot."
Juan Luis Manfredi also shares this habit and said that, "Twitter is the channel through which I tune into things."
The clearest sign of this pattern of behavior is that professors mentioned a source of information that we did not have on our list: newsletters and personal blogs, published by recognized journalists in specific focus areas. The following sources stood out:
The "Tendenci@s" (Trends) newsletter
de Ismael Nafría
The IJNet (International Journalists' Network) newsletter
The newsletter Laboratorio de Periodismo (Journalism Laboratory)
by The Luca de Tena Foundation
The Editor & Publisher newsletter
Miquel Pellicer's blog
The Online Journalism blog
by Paul Bradshaw
Enrique Dans' blog
The WAN-IFRA newsletter
Mark Deuze's blog
6006183fe8d3e
Visit Sembramedia's e-learning platform
Read Sembramedia's Case Studies
GDPR Data Processing Addendum.
Copyright 2015-2018. All rights reserved. SembraMedia.org


text:
The Most Important Election in the World! Lebanon?...What Election?
Fri, 04 May 2018 22:05 UTC
Election posters cover buildings and walls in Tripoli's Bab al-Tabbaneh neighbourhood
In a matter of mere hours, a new election will take place. Unlike seemingly all other national elections worldwide, this election will bring real "hope" to a needlessly impoverished country. This election will see real "change" come to a country far too long restricted and controlled by external foreign powers. For this is an election that is steeped in real democracy; not the US-inspired definition - the one based solely on the archaic shards of what little is left of a desperate empire struggling to hold onto its waning influence. This election will showcase, finally and thankfully, a return to the true definition.
This Sunday, May 6, 2018, is the most important election in the world!
Proving the point, why is this election being swept under the rug of worldwide US media control? Here, unlike the remaining hapless world, there is a very bright future awaiting for all... an example for an anguished world begging to finally be set free. It will be this democracy, correctly re-defined and judiciously administered, that will, on this coming day, succeed for all.
World! Welcome to Lebanon.
Once Upon a Time: Democracy
When accurately considering supposed worldwide "democratic" elections, they are routinely a facade and mean little. Once US foreign policy is done, these nation's elections provide nothing for the people who have no other choice for effecting change other than their single useless vote. For the voter who favours a return to true popular nationalism, in every post-election cycle-unless the result is acceptable to Washington- US hegemony, falsely branded as "democracy," is designed to quickly negate the result of the multi-months long showcase of a promised electoral process. In reality, elections have not brought true populist hope and change to any country; except for the aristocracy and the power hungry. Instead, further degradation of their internal political processes, elimination off constitutional civil liberties, imposed economic austerity, and civil wars of division are the usual US inspired democratic result. US policy calls for only the election of political leaders who care not for their countries or countrymen and who will sell their souls- and their allegiance- in favour of a goody bag full of promised US rewards.
This Sunday, May 6 at the voting booths across the streets of Lebanon this malignant form of hegemonic democracy will be smashed to bits before the world's eyes. An example to all of what could, and what should, be.
Here in Beirut, Lebanon, this election will go on as planned. Its results, regardless of the outcome, guaranteed. There will be no interference from the Western troika: the US/UK/ EU. This election will provide a new future, new politicians, national unity and- more importantly- the certification that this fledgling nation will, come the following Monday morning, march forward together with very much to look forward to. In doing so, Lebanon, virtually insignificant in 2000, will soon become a guiding light to a world so desperate for a true return to, "the will of the people."
Bringing true democracy to the people of Lebanon has already been a decades-long and bloody battle. Surprisingly to most, it has been Hizbullah that has led Lebanon on this path from the beginning. As discussed in a previous article, Hizbullah's very strong Shia influence, personified by spiritual and political supreme leader, Hassan Nasrallah, provides a very direct, sincere and all-inclusionary path for political development: One that also has a very strong moral and ethical requirement.
This influence, in no small measure, has lead Lebanon to this Sunday's election.
Hizbullah was born of a need for a defense against invasion by foreign armies, political or otherwise, its roots steeped in the social uprising of the Lebanese Shi'a community in the late 1960's and early 70's. Divisive Lebanese politics and a 15-year (1975-1990) civil war war spawned by the Israelis, who pitted the Christian militias and the Syrians against the Muslim Lebanese, created, as intended, a fractured country fighting each other in the streets for more than a decade.
Hizbullah formalized a new Lebanese parliamentary structure after bringing the civil war to a close and since democracy has slowly and very methodically flourished. The current Lebanese parliamentary structure is a result of the negotiations that ended the Civil War. A unique feature of the Lebanese parliament is the principle of "confessional distribution." Prior, during elections held between 1932 and 1972, seats were apportioned between Christians and Muslims in a 6:5 ratio. By the 1960s, Muslims had become openly resistant to this system. Postwar, The Taif Agreement of 1989, which effectively ended the civil war, reapportioned the Parliament to provide for equal representation of Christians and Muslims, with each electing 64 of the 128 deputies. With this, each religious community- Shia, Sunni, Alawite, Christain, Druze and Hizbullah- campaigns for the parliamentary seats.
Lebanon is unusual in that its cabinet of three ministers is by law the country's executive authority, effectively more powerful than the president, prime minister or parliament, which is the body that elects the cabinet to begin with. This means that a coalition of party seats can bring in a Cabinet of their choosing. It is here that the political power of Hizbullah has been clearly shown.
Hizbullah's political growth has as much to do with its successes in Lebanese society as with it's military victories of defence. Beyond an improved military, the fundamental change has been in the area of access to public social services, once substantially missing under the pre-2006 Lebanese government. During and after the 1975-90 civil war, the Lebanese central government of that time neglected service provisions for the public. Municipal elections were not held for 35 years, and thus the municipalities' human, financial and technical capacities deteriorated, rendering them mere skeleton institutions.
Today, Hizbullah runs a range of philanthropic and commercial activities including hospitals, medical centers, schools, orphanages, rehabilitation centers for the handicapped, supermarkets, gas stations, construction companies, a radio station (Nur) and public service television station (Al Manar). Health care is now universal and heavily subsidized, if not free. In endearing itself to the Lebanese public as a whole, Hezbollah has developed a highly organized system of health and social-service organizations. The service system is made up of the Social Unit; the Education Unit; and the Islamic Health Unit, which together make up its network of national service providers.
In a Lebanese parliament that had too often in the past echoed the false western model of democracy in that it ignored the true interests of those that did cast votes in their favor, here in today's Lebanon it is Hizbullah that has been unwavering in directly representing all Lebanese regardless of religion or former nationality. This upcoming example of worldwide leadership is, of course, anathema to the expanding empire and its increasingly draconian, if not barbaric, proffering of their horrifying bastardization once known as "democracy."
Defining Modern US Democracy
This year alone has seen far too many new examples of democracy lost. Keep in mind the many previous US successes at regime change and control using the US form of proffered democratic change: the Brazils, the Venezuelas, the Ukraines, Syrias, Yemens, Egypts, Turkeys, of our world, whose people's democracies and therefore their futures have already been cast upon the jagged rocks of history. In just a few short months of 2018, one should have noticed the continued, yet similar, pattern of obvious endemic hegemony.
Start with Honduras, where the populist candidate, Salvador Nasralla (no relation), was overthrown after his initial presidential electoral victory by a US manipulated run-off election in favor of their candidate, president Juan Orlando Hernández. So, true democracy be damned, victory for Salvador Nasralla and the impoverished people of Honduras was so easily turned into defeat. The final election results: Chaos for the Honduran people; control for the US military.
Of course, the established first world democracies have also seen their own attempts at populism ultimately thwarted. Take the Catalonian Independence vote: one that was more of a "nice try " than a binding election. Or Brexit, that is, two years hence, no further along than before the referendum vote was taken and now, as predicted, seems doomed to be blown onto those same jagged rocks by the minions of the empire - the UK Parliament and House of Lords - which are howling and raging against it daily in the UK press despite the outcome of that vote.
In turn, consider the one UK politician who may - although untested - bring true socialist labour back to Britain, but who is assailed by the same press as being tantamount to the next Joseph Stalin. Like Lebanon, however, Jeremy Corbyn's true threat is not merely his championing a return to populist socialist reform via British democracy: no, it is because his leadership would likely provide hope and change - and a future - for all of Briton. This is, of course, is not acceptable to the established powers that exist to willfully maintain the status quo of continued austerity, trickle-up economics, US/EU subservience, and national social degradation. Hence, Corbyn's remaining days on earth may be terminally shortened.
A True Democratic Definition for the World
With the Israelis keeping the 2006 horrors firmly on the minds of all Lebanese while demanding regime change, it seems safe to say that Hizbullah is not a long shot in gaining a legitimate coalition majority in the May 6 election. If this happens, it will not be because of a Shi'a majority, but a Lebanese people's majority made up of all Muslim religious affiliations, as well as Christian, who will likely cross any political party affiliations when they vote. Because of the constitutional voting right of universal suffrage, and Israel's continued demands for more war, many who vote will indeed have one primary political motivation: self-preservation.
In February 2006, Michel Aoun and Hassan Nasrallah signed a memorandum of understanding that called for a broad range of reforms, such as guaranteeing equal media access for candidates and allowing expatriate voting. However, Hizbullah appears to be playing it cool in the ramp up to the election. Their TV station, Al Manar, is staying focused on foreign, Syrian and Mid-east news with little election coverage. Interestingly, western media to date also has very little coverage of this very important election, a glaring, if not suspicious, omission.
The Lebanese parliamentary politicians who are elected this weekend will have a lot on their hands, but also a lot of chips to play with. Being pro-Lebanon is a must to be considered for election, but also the love and demand for peace in a nation too often victimized by wars of incursion. With Hizbullah leader Hassan Nasrallah embracing the Lebanese army, the candidates are free to also embrace both, and their defense of Lebanon. With the drums of war beating ever louder from Tel Aviv to Washington, a future for Lebanon starts firmly at its own borders. The Candidates know this well.
Foreign military power will not be overturning this election.
Indeed the military wing is now far more organized and prepared for defense than before the 2006 war, however, Hizbullah's persona under the direction of their spiritual and political leader, Sheikh Sa'id Hassan Nasrallah has also dramatically changed. There is a moral, disciplined side to the militia that comes from the overlying Shi'a religious doctrine espoused by Nasrallah, one that now accepts all religions, but with a firm grasp on professional, ethical performance of its military duties... when necessary.
Although Hizbullah does not reveal troop strength in numbers it is universally considered to be the largest non-state military in the world and considerably stronger than the Lebanese army. Estimates indicate at least 20,000 professionally trained soldiers and 25,000 civilian militia fighters are maintained, however, this is a very low-ball estimate considering that US military estimates for the Syrian based Hizbullah units are currently 60,000 and that, with western Syria back under Assad's control, most of these battle-hardened troops will be returning home soon. Whatever Hizbullah's military may have been before the Syrian war, it is unquestionable that it is currently far better manned, armed, supplied, and trained than ever before.
Beyond the fact that Lebanon's defense is now the composite of two well trained and armed armies; and that just one was needed to stop Israel three times, Lebanon's position relative to the other Mid-East nations will soon be of interest to this upcoming parliament.
The biggest defensive disadvantage to the two Lebanese armies is that neither, reportedly, has surface-to-air missiles. This is due to the Lebanese government's weakness in the 2006 peace deal, however, Hizbullah is reportedly beginning to manufacture them in secret. Strategically, Lebanon has so far been nothing more than an Israeli "no-fly" zone used for their attacks on Syria. Israeli warplanes are seen routinely in the skies since the Lebanese armies can do nothing about it. Using this past Saturday's Israeli attacks on Iranian positions in Hama and Aleppo, Syria as an example, IDF strike forces crossed neutral Lebanon airspace arriving unscathed at the Lebanon/Syrian border at high speed; their time to target approximately thirty seconds.
Considering the reported Iranian loss of life applied to Russia's announcement of selling the vaunted S-300 anti-missile/aircraft system to Syria and Putin's stern warning to Netanyahu before the Israeli attacks of this past weekend, it is more than likely that the soon-to-be No-Fly zone in Syria will be expanded into Lebanese territory. This would add to Lebanese defense and more importantly secure the western flank of Syria by a sovereign independent and neutral nation. Never before has Lebanon had such a vital place in global geo-strategic politics. With a new ramp-up to US war in Syria brewing, Lebanon will likely be center stage in preventing an escalation to war very soon.
Democracy and Money
"Oil wealth is for all the Lebanese." - Hassan Nasrallah.
Lebanon has been impoverished compared to many of its Mid-East counterparts primarily because it did not have its own natural resources to harvest. This means that Lebanese suffer daily electrical blackouts and little in the way of infrastructure such as healthcare and education, a gap filled by Hizbullah via Iranian funding. Lacking its own gas or oil Lebanon must import expensive diesel fuel at an annual loss to the economy of some $2.5 billion. Lebanon is one of the world's most indebted countries with debt to GDP of some 145%. The Syrian war and internal Lebanese political stalemate have frozen its offshore energy exploration until now.
In 2010 the oil and gas geopolitics of the Mediterranean changed profoundly. That was when a Texas oil company, Noble Energy, discovered a huge deposit of natural gas offshore Israel in the Eastern Mediterranean, the so-called Leviathan Field, one of the world's largest gas field discoveries in over a decade. The same Texas company later confirmed significant gas resources offshore in Cyprus waters near the Israeli Leviathan, called Aphrodite. Israel conducted war games in 2017 off the Cyprus coast in preparation to steal these fields as well.
A UK company, Spectrum, conducted geophysical surveys in the offshore Lebanese section of the Levant Basin in recent years, including 3D seismic, and estimated that the Lebanese waters could hold up to 25 trillion cubic feet of economically recoverable gas. Development of those gas reserves would alter the entire economy of Lebanon. And increase its autonomy from foreign influence, while providing a new massive revenue stream that can be used for improving Lebanese society while decreasing foreign debt.
Lebanese Democracy: An Example to the World!
This Sunday, a return to a proper definition of democracy will return for the world to behold, cherish and wonder at its results. Meanwhile, in the land of the exceptional US-style democracy in the form of the 2018 mid-term elections has the voter once again uselessly heading to the polls. By the admission of the two political parties; the US voter this time has a new and simple choice to make: Vote for the democrat...as an anti-trump statement; vote RNC and be pro-Trump, or as Trump himself defensively opined last week, " Vote Republican or the Democrats will have me impeached." These are apparently the best selling points that US democracy has to offer voters this time.
These two options, of course, are devoid of any domestic policy specifics whatsoever and also fail to draw attention to the failures of the DNC, the RNC and the two/one party US monocracy that furthers the personal disenfranchisement of the voter from their own political system and their own future. It is now time for Americans and world citizens across the globe to understand clearly the true definition of US democracy. This is a fraudulent democratic model that is far more akin to the false tenets of ISIS or modern Zionism.
Just as ISIS sold a failure of conscience by offering its own self-serving bastardization of the Koran in order to justify its expansion and sanctioned horrors; just as Zionism manipulates and distorts the Torah and the Talmud while falsely claiming to speak for all Jews worldwide in order to incorrectly legitimise its expansions and horrors, thus we now must compare the US religion of "democracy." We have seen all too clearly that US democracy, exposed for what it truly is in our world, similarly misuses what once was a pure ideology; one of a definitive democracy from long ago, now nothing more than a tool - an excuse - to destroy or conquer.
On Monday morning May 7, 2018, this illusion will be forever smashed to pieces, not just on the jagged rocks of history, but far more importantly...a changing of the minds of all the peoples of our world; those yearning to be free.
For true democracy has only one definition; one that may not be re-defined. It grapples for return within our bones, within our souls and our collective human conscience that has for far too long bared witness to the horrors and the "Sorrows of Empire." In Lebanon, a land that has suffered much at the hands of empire, here there is only one remaining definition, one that is offered, this coming Sunday to the remaining civilized world...Freedom.
And nothing else!
Author's Note: This article is a continuation is a series direct from Lebanon. The author will be reporting live from the Lebanese election on Sat. May 5 and Sun. May 6, 2018. For more details on this important election and its results please refer back to this publication or visit the author's archive at www.watchingromeburn.com
About the Author: Brett Redmayne-Titley has published over 150 in-depth articles over the past seven years for news agencies worldwide. Many have been translated. On-scene reporting from important current events has been an emphasis that has led to multi-part exposes on such topics as the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations, NATO summit, KXL Pipeline, Porter Ranch Methane blow-out and many more. He can be reached at: live-on-scene((at)) gmx.com. Prior articles can be viewed at his archive: www.watchingromeburn.uk
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NativeSon · 2018-05-04T20:53:19Z
A very good read, Brett Redmayne-Titley. You've done well to describe Lebanon today and their much anticipated but far from guaranteed future. Thank you for the history and current actions of Hezbollah; truths sadly buried under claims of terrorism by the west.
The occupiers of Palestine covet the Lebanese resources and my money says the occupiers will do everything in their power to obstruct progress on the development of those resources, if not steal them outright.
Lemuel Gulliver · 2018-05-05T05:43:04Z
For an enlightening experience, go to Google and search "Twelve Tribes of Israel Map." There you will see the politics of the Middle East and the Jewish State revealed. Their ambition is to retake and reconquer all the territory traditionally occupied by the Twelve Tribes. Which is a joke, because, as the Jew Arthur Koestler pointed out in his book "The Thirteenth Tribe," not a drop of Semitic blood flows in the veins of the Ashkenazim who occupied and now rule Israel, and not a single Semitic gene exists in any of their trillions of cells. They are a Turkic people, genetically related to the Turks and Chechens, and together with those nations are the world's most warlike, aggressive, brutal and psychopathic race.
I have read Koestler and understand the integration with and eventual ruling of a nomadic people by a group kicked out of the Levant. Thanks!
Lebanon and its people are quite remarkable. Located at the crossroads between Egypt and the Roman Empire, between Asia and Europe, for thousands of years they have been a trading people and superb businessmen. They are also perhaps the best educated and smartest people in the Middle East today. Lebanese and Syrian Christians have been Christian long before Europe adopted Christianity, and were conquered willingly by the Muslims, who treated Lebanese and Syrian Christians far better than the Greek Orthodox religious authorities had done in the first centuries of Eastern Roman rule.
Then there were the Crusades, which brought an influx of European ideas and culture (such as it was) into the region. The Crusaders were astonished on arriving in Lebanon-Syria to find the natives ate far better, were far richer, and far cleaner than the Frankish savages. (King John of Magna Carta fame was renowned throughout Britain for his cleanliness- he bathed once a month. Most Englishmen only bathed once in their life - the day before they got married. Perhaps this is how Britain established an Empire - their colonial victims fainted from the stench when the British landed on their shores.)
So indeed, let us hope Lebanon is not on the target list for destruction, of the Western Frankish and AngloZionist barbarians. It is a shining example, as Syria used to be before it was overrun with Western-sponsored jihadis cutting out livers and eating them raw for the cameras, of how people of widely different religions, cultures and races can live together in peace if left alone. The wars in both countries were entirely the construct of the unwashed barbarian psychopaths who never saw a peaceful nation they did not want to conquer and subjugate.
system · 2018-05-05T06:12:08Z
Lemuel Gulliver ''Perhaps this is how Britain established an Empire - their colonial victims fainted from the stench when the British landed on their shores.)''
Brakar · 2018-05-06T23:27:54Z
Hmmm, after 478+ days at sea... well yes, certainly could explain some numbers of casualties at least
(btw, ever been to / smelled one of those sub's)


text:
Wall Street loves Google's new CFO
JILLIAN D'ONFRO
Jul 17, 2015, 23:06 IST
Google CFO Ruth Porat
Google's stock hopped on a rocket ship Friday morning, flying up more than 14% after the company's stellar Q2 earnings. That's its biggest one-day rally ever.
The company delivered an EPS beat and was nearly spot-on with revenue expectations, with YouTube's growth accelerating and an unexpectedly high ad click increase. But the comments of the new CFO, Ruth Porat, also made a big impression.
Google stock had been basically flat for the past year, with Wall Street worried about decelerating core business growth and a need for more disciplined spending, and Porat told investors exactly what they wanted to hear.
Analysts praised Porat liberally in their research notes this morning:
"New CFO delivers," Macquarie wrote. "...we thought Ruth's commentary was incrementally positive on top of mind issues," Barclays commented. "Dawn of a new era? Kinda feels like it," Deutsche Bank titled its research note on the earnings. Porat "did not disappoint," Goldman Sachs notes. "She focused on the matters that the market cares about the most, namely the ability to invest with discipline and what appears to be a more pragmatic outlook on its balance sheet."
Porat is one of Wall Street's own stars:
Before joining Google, she spent more than 20 years at Morgan Stanley, prompting Politico to laud her as "the most powerful woman on Wall Street."
Google's paying Porat $70 million in bonuses and grants, a number that seems paltry compared to the roughly $50 billion it added to its market cap after she delivered its earnings.
Although her comments on the earnings call did the most to quell investor doubts, we can't actually give her credit for the numbers in Google's report: She didn't officially take over from former CFO Patrick Pichette until May 26, when the quarter was more than half over.
NOW WATCH: The 'Tesla of scooters' is finally available and it looks incredible
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text:
David Bruce Tetteh (ur. 10 sierpnia 1985 w Akrze) – kirgiski piłkarz pochodzenia ghańskiego występujący na pozycji pomocnika. Zawodnik klubu Dordoj Biszkek.

Kariera klubowa
Tetteh zawodową karierę rozpoczynał w 2006 roku w tadżyckim zespole Regar-TadAZ Tursunzoda. W tym samym roku zdobył z nim mistrzostwo Tadżykistanu oraz Puchar Tadżykistanu. W 2007 roku odszedł do kirgiskiego Dordoju-Dinamo Naryn. W 2010 roku zespół ten zmienił nazwę na Dordoj Biszkek. Łącznie zdobył z nim 5 mistrzostw Kirgistanu (2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014), 4 Puchary Kirgistanu (2008, 2010, 2012, 2014) oraz 4 Superpuchary Kirgistanu (2011, 2012, 2013, 2014). W sezonie 2008 został także królem strzelców ligi kirgiskiej.

Kariera reprezentacyjna
W reprezentacji Kirgistanu Tetteh zadebiutował 17 marca 2013 roku w wygranym 1:0 eliminacji meczu Pucharu Azji 2015 z Makau, w którym strzelił także gola.

Bibliografia

Reprezentanci Kirgistanu w piłce nożnej
Kirgizi pochodzenia ghańskiego
Piłkarze Dordoju Biszkek
Urodzeni w 1985
Ludzie urodzeni w Akrze


The amazing photo above, is other parts of Modern and Trendy Home Decor content which is grouped within Home Decor, trendy home accessories, trendy home designs, trendy home decor ideas and published at June 4th, 2014 19:49:11 PM by admin.
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Iraq's Oil Ministry has approved an initial agreement with Canadian company Pacific Future Energy for the building of a new refinery in Nassiriyah.
Pacific are expected to utilize the services of SNC-Lavalin, a Montreal based engineering and construction firm which has previous partnerships with Pacific and worked on numerous projects in Iraq previously. It is believed that the Canadian company have beaten off competition from a Chinese consortium to secure the project.
Despite initial approval from current oil minister Jabar al-Luaibi, the deal will have to be approved by the incoming government.
The 150,000 bpd refinery is expected to cost around $5 billion, with the project lasting for up to 25 years creating a potential of 2,000 new jobs.
It is also expected that a power station will be built in addition to provide power for both the refinery and the national grid.


text:
Q: Python SQLite3 storing a value from a record into a variable I have created a database using SQLite3 in Python with the fields, ID which is a primary key, Username, Password, and progress. I have successfully created the login system that inserts if no identical records are found, and the login system. The issue that I am having is after that, getting the specific progress of the individual. I have searched which gave me a record like this:
(1,Username,Password,0)

But the issue is getting the 0 value into a variable. Any help is much appreciated.
My code for this particular section:
Temp = ""
for x in Connection.execute("SELECT * FROM LoginDetails WHERE username = ?
                           AND password = ?", (Login_Username, Login_Password)):
    Temp = x

A: The execute function returns a cursor. Iterating over the cursors returns rows. Each row contains multiple column values (or a single column, but in every case, a row is a tuple).
You could access the fourth column with x[3], but when you want only a single column, you should write the query so that you do not fetch unneeded values:
for row in connection.execute('''SELECT Progress
                                 FROM LoginDetails
                                 WHERE username = ?
                                   AND password = ?''',
                              [Login_Username, Login_Password]):
    progress = row[0]
else:
    progress = ''

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Disciplines Ancient World (Classics) Ancient Philosophy
Man and the Word The Orations of Himerius
by Himerius (Author), Robert J. Penella (Editor)
Transformation of the Classical Heritage
Joan Palevsky Imprint in Classical Literature
This fully annotated volume offers the first English translation of the orations of Himerius of Athens, a prominent teacher of rhetoric in the fourth century A.D. Man and the Word contains 79 surviving orations and fragments of orations in the grand tradition of imperial Greek rhetoric. The speeches, a rich source on the intellectual life of late antiquity, capture the flavor of student life in Athens, illuminate relations in the educated community, and illustrate the ongoing civic role of the sophist. This volume includes speeches given by Himerius in various cities as he traveled east to join the emperor Julian, customary declamations on imaginary topics, and a noteworthy monody on the death of his son. Extensive introductory notes and annotations place these translations in their literary and historical contexts.
Robert J. Penella is Professor of Classics at Fordham University and author of The Private Orations of Themistius (UC Press), among other books.
"Robert J. Penella has now published the first English translation of what survives of Himerius' speeches. Given the textual, historical, chronological, and rhetorical problems, and the need to evaluate much specialized bibliography, this is a work of great patience and exhaustive scholarship, complementing Penella's fine translations of The Private Orations of Themistius (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999)." —Int'l Journal Of The Classical Tradition
"An important and timely contribution." —Bryn Mawr Classical Review (BMCR)
"This important book by a superior scholar makes Himerius' speeches accessible for the first time in English. "—Timothy Barnes, author of Constantine and Eusebius
The Orations
Chapter 1. Himerius's Son, Rufinus
Chapter 2. In Praise of Cities and of Men
Chapter 3. In and Around Himerius's School
Chapter 4. Coming and Going in Himerius's School
Chapter 5. The Epithalamium for Severus
Chapter 6. Imaginary Orations
Chapter 7. Orations Addressed to Roman Officials
Chapter 8. Miscellaneous Remains
Arrangement of Orations and Concordance
Avicenna's Theory of Science
Riccardo Strobino
A Free Will
Michael Frede, A. A. Long
Synesius of Cyrene
Jay Bregman
The Narrative Shape of Emotion in the Preaching of John Chrysostom
Blake Leyerle


text:
PASSIONATE ABOUT PREVENTION: One Firefighter's Dedication to Stopping Child Drownings
The WARN program was developed by Fire Captain and EMT Mike Filson of the Chula Vista Fire Department.
For more information about the WARN program, visit Watersafety.chulavistaca.gov
One of the worst calls an EMS provider can experience is a child drowning. Fire captain and EMT Mike Filson of the Chula Vista, Calif., Fire Department and his colleagues know this feeling all too well. After his department saw three drowning calls in four weeks, he knew something had to be done to thwart these preventable tragedies.
"It became evident that the best way to save these children was through prevention," he says. "We started a public awareness campaign in an effort to educate our citizens about drowning prevention."
Filson's comprehensive drowning prevention program—called WARN—which stands for Water Awareness in Residential Neighborhoods, centers around high-quality education for both fellow EMS providers and the public. This complete training program features a slideshow, safety messages, brochures, handouts and "Water Watcher" tags. Filson garnered the support of the Fire Chief, the City Council, the Mayor and the Parks and Recreation Department—who have all helped promote his campaign throughout Chula Vista.
A Far-Reaching Program
Not only is Filson's campaign broad in scope, but it is far reaching. In the past few years, he has worked to provide awareness training to over 50 fire departments—including every department in San Diego County through the San Diego County Fire Chiefs Association. In an effort to ingrain his drowning prevention message, Filson and the City of Chula Vista set up an annual process to contact every household and business in the city that has a pool.
A recipient of the 2018 Nicholas Rosecrans Award (presented by the California Paramedic Foundation and EPIC Medics), Filson has made his entire WARN program available online so anyone can download the materials and customize them with their agency logos—all free of charge.
Going Beyond the Call
Filson and the Chula Vista Fire Department's willingness to go Beyond the Call—to step forward, build and spearhead a successful program—has made a lasting impact in the community. Clearly, Filson understands that EMS can play a major role in community care. "We have a duty to provide the best emergency care for our patients," he says. "This entails more than the EMS skills we execute. We need to treat the whole person during our short time with the patient, not just the physical symptoms. We can also provide an important voice in our communities for public health and wellbeing."
He also feels a sense of responsibility to use his leadership skills outside of his everyday job duties. "As EMS professionals we have the enviable position of respect in our community," notes Filson. "I encourage you to use your voice. Find an issue in your community, gather the right people and you'll be surprised how effective you can be."
Nicholas Rosecrans Award
While Captain Filson's WARN program focuses on pediatric drowning prevention, the Nicholas Rosecrans Award has recognized diverse initiatives over the last two decades. The Nicholas Rosecrans Award honors innovation and excellence in paramedicine-driven injury and illness prevention programming.
EMS World, RedFlash Group, and the California Paramedic Foundation have joined forces to recognize those who have gone beyond the call to prevent injuries and illness. The Nicholas Rosecrans Award is given to those extraordinary individuals and organizations who make significant impact in preventing injury and illness before they even happen—flipping the traditionally reactive 911-paradigm on its head. The award is named after a young boy, Nicholas Rosecrans, whose tragic drowning sparked the creation of EPIC Medics and their subsequent nationally recognized programming.
For award nomination information, visit https://caparamedic.org/nomination-form/
Everything You Need to Start Your Own WARN Program
Captain Filson created a Dropbox with all of the WARN materials and some instructions for any agency or department that would like to start their own program.
https://www.dropbox.com/sh/fm4irzwzrjjdse6/AADkYGEXns-ejUdUz6wrzjPqa?dl=0


The deal will include FX and Fox's stake in Hulu.
This deal still needs to go through the Justice Department and antitrust regulators, which recently shut down a deal between AT&T and Time Warner. But should this deal go through, it would mark a historic shift for Hollywood and the media landscape as a whole.


Welcome to our new site. Rayonline.com is a Canadian small enterprise located in Québec city, Quebec, Canada. We are in business since 1996 and devoted to CA-Visual Objects language.
All the programs offered here promote and demonstrate the richness of this language.


Rough side trip leaves County Road 24 north of Cave Creek.
This short well-traveled trail follows Big Maggie May Creek at the beginning. Trail then climbs along the ridge tops with high views of Gray Gulch and New River. For additional challenge, you can continue on legal roads beyond the portion described here. Unlicensed ATVs and UTVs are allowed on this trail, but you must transport to Waypoint 01. Forest Road 24 is for licensed vehicles only.
Mildly steep hills with a hard-packed surface offering reasonable traction under dry conditions. The toughest spot is a narrow, tippy shelf road approaching mine adit. High clearance, stock SUVs can manage this trail with a skilled driver.
(480) 595-3300Tonto N.F., Cave Creek R.D.
Drove the whole trail today. Took us 3 hours out and back with some quick stops along the way. Trail was appropriately marked as moderate. We drove it with a stock Wrangler Unlimited with good A/T 31" tires with no issues...with smart wheel placement, especially through the noted "tippy" areas which required careful passage to avoid bridging. Overall fun trail with some good views.


CONVERGENCE is a fusion between functions. We have taken storage, seating & technology then brought them together to create a unique and inspiring range to enhance any agile workspace. Where before a product would only perform one task, we have looked at how we can merge these tasks into one seamless product to enhance a workplace and provide more value for money than ever before.
This October Digilock and Euroworkspace will be sharing a stand at Orgatec – the leading international trade fair for the modern working world.


text:
Grade 2 è una band inglese di Ryde sull'Isola di Wight. La loro musica è descritta come un classico suono punk, e i testi vertono sui problemi quotidiani. Punk Lounge ha descritto il loro album Break the Routine come "Canzoni che uniscono la vita quotidiana con una diatriba sociale burrascosa".

Storia

Formazione e primi anni
La band si è formata nel maggio 2013, inizialmente suonando cover dell'era punk dei The Stranglers e The Jam, così come tracce Oi! dei Booze and Glory and Lion's Law. Hanno iniziato a scrivere canzoni originali e si sono esibiti regolarmente in pub e club locali, guadagnando visibilità sostenendo con successo band affermate.

Contra Records
Da novembre 2013 fino al 2019 la band è stata legata all'etichetta discografica tedesca Contra Records.

Hellcat Records
Nell'estate 2019 hanno firmato con Hellcat Records con sede negli Stati Uniti.

Spettacoli dal vivo
Dal 2013 la band ha suonato regolarmente in tutta Europa con esibizioni in paesi tra cui Germania, Svizzera, Spagna, Francia, Paesi Bassi, Belgio, Norvegia, Svezia, Grecia, Italia, Irlanda, Repubblica Ceca, Austria, Slovacchia, Serbia, Regno Unito, e l'Isola di Man. Dal 2018 la band ha anche fatto tournée negli Stati Uniti e in Canada.

Durante il 2016 per alcune date dal vivo in Europa, il batterista Jacob Hull è stato sostituito dal batterista Ryde Toby Jenkins.

Nell'autunno 2018 Grade 2 è stato il supporto per il tour di The Interrupters nel Regno Unito, e nella primavera del 2019 la band è andata in tournée come supporto per i Dropkick Murphys .

Discografia

Album in Studio
2016 - Mainstream View

2017 - Break the Routine

2019 - Graveyard Island

2023 - Grade 2

EP
2014 - Broken Youth

2015 - Die With Out Boots On

2016 - Heard it All Before

Formazione

 Jack Chatfield - voce e chitarra
 Sid Ryan - voce e basso
 Jacob Hull - batteria

Note

Collegamenti esterni


State policies vary regarding the legal use of marijuana for medicinal purposes. Pharmacists, physicians, and P&T committee members must become familiar with the laws in their states before assuming that this controlled substance can be legally prescribed or dispensed to patients.
Many obstacles currently limit the ability to apply our knowledge of gene–drug associations in pharmacy practice. However, steps are gradually being taken toward the goal of incorporating genetic testing into routine patient care.
Respondents generally rated their experiences with consultants as positive. However, participants' responses varied in terms of how much they felt that the consultants were helping their organizations to cut costs and increase revenue.
Topics include drug therapies for venous thromboembolism, hypertension, plaque regression, and the prevention of stent thrombosis.
Giving medications though enteral feeding tubes can be fraught with danger.
More FDA regulation of HIT looms large.


Cu-DLP is a phosphorus-deoxidized copper with a limited, medium amount of residual Phosphorus. It has a good electrical conductivity and excellent welding and soldering properties. It can be formed excellent, either hot or cold. The alloy is registered US EPA antimicrobial.
Dieser Beitrag wurde unter Cable, Connector, Fuse Box / Busbar, Maritime, Resistor, Semi conductor component abgelegt am 23. März 2016 von zahi.