As vehicle technology continues to develop, increasing strain is being placed on the battery and as a result, battery charging has become an essential part of car maintenance and should be considered as important as checking tyre pressures and oil levels.
There are various types of battery charger currently available, most predominantly smart chargers and trickle chargers. However, smart chargers present a much safer and efficient way of maintaining and prolonging the life of the battery.
Once a battery has reached its optimum charge levels, a trickle charger will simply send in a level of charge for a certain amount of time and then switch itself off, continually repeating the process until it is removed from the battery. This way of battery charging can potentially over charge the battery, causing it to dry out, or even start to gas, and will ultimately kill the battery.
However, CTEK's smart chargers move into a pulse maintenance mode once the battery is fully charged. Rather than sending in a charge and estimating the battery's needs, a CTEK charger will stay in constant communication with the battery, reacting and charging only when it is needed.
In pulse maintenance mode, the battery will be allowed to naturally self-discharge to a certain level before being fully charged once again. Not only does this form of battery charging avoid the risk of overcharging but, as the battery is being exercised as it would be during normal use, the lifespan of the battery is extended considerably.
Battery failure is often reported as the number one cause for breakdowns around the world. As a result, motorists are unnecessarily paying for call-out charges and more expensively, replacement batteries.
With modern vehicle full of complex and sensitive electrical equipment that constantly draw current from the battery, an ever-increasing number of mechanical faults from new and older vehicles alike are battery related. However, the expense and inconvenience of battery failure could be heavily reduced by regular battery maintenance.
CTEK's unique range of smart chargers optimise the performance of lead-acid batteries by determining accurate readings of a battery's charge levels and ensuring the appropriate action is taken to ensure the battery is constantly ready for use.
All CTEK chargers go through a number of stages to charge, condition and maintain the battery, extending battery's life and, most importantly, ensuring that vehicles are able to start first time, every time and eliminating the problem of battery failure.
With each product intended for unsupervised use, foolproof to connect, spark proof and reverse polarity protected, there is no need to even disconnect the battery during use – it's simply 'plug and play'.
With vehicle technology developing at a pace, increasing strain is being placed on the battery just to keep the vehicle operating as it should. As a result, regular battery maintenance is more important today than it has ever been before.
Battery technology has developed hugely over the past couple of years and is continuing to do so. However, the consequence of these developments is that batteries need to be charged and maintained in a very specific way, but not all chargers are suitably adapted to do this.
Traditional battery chargers are generally unsuitable to perform battery maintenance as they treat all batteries in the same way and just provide a steady but unregulated current to the battery. This can easily lead to over, or under, charging of the battery and thereby decrease its lifespan.
Conversely, CTEK makes battery maintenance a quick, simple and extremely effective process. Its range of smart chargers constantly reads and communicates with the battery, charging only to its direct needs and therefore avoiding any possibility of incorrectly charging the battery and, but ensuring the battery is conditioned as well as charged, extending its life significantly.
Battery protection is extremely important as motorists are going to avoid the inconvenience, and expense, of a flat battery. This is especially relative to vehicles that are left standing for prolonged periods of time, such as seasonal farming vehicles, classic cars and motorcycles.
Batteries which are standing for an extended period will inevitably slowly discharge over time which, if left untreated, will eventually kill the battery.
To avoid the battery failure, CTEK has some top tips for battery protection for vehicles that aren't used on a regular basis.
The battery should be checked for any cracks and disposed of or repaired professionally if needed.
The top of the battery, the terminal posts and connections should be carefully cleaned with water and baking soda to remove any dirt or moisture. Dirty or moist surfaces increase the level of self-discharge.
Contact terminals should be clean, dry and lightly greased to protect against corrosion.
Traditional wet/flooded batteries (not maintenance free types) should have electrolyte levels checked and topped up between min/max levels with distilled water.
To avoid a flat battery maintain constant regular charge. If you have electricity in your garage or storage area you can use a smart battery charger that will maintain charge levels, keep the battery in good condition and ensure that the vehicle is ready as soon as it is needed.
Check battery charge levels and recharge the battery if required.
It is a common misconception that a jump start, followed by a long drive fully recharges the battery from the alternator. This is not the case, as an alternator will only partly charge the battery. After this first drive, the battery will need to be charged or it will quickly be drained once again.
Battery protection needn't be a chore, especially with a CTEK smart charger in place. All of CTEK's chargers are fully automatic, spark proof and reverse polarity protected and require no specialist knowledge to use.
Furthermore, due to the patented pulse maintenance technology, the range of chargers can be connected to the battery for months at a time meaning users can simply connect and forget.
There are a variety of car batteries currently available, Wet Cell, Calcium and AGM to name a few, each needing to be maintained in a slightly different manner but all can be dealt with with a CTEK 24V or 12V battery charger.
For car batteries, a 12V battery charger such as the MXS 5.0 will charge but also condition the battery through a series of stages that first removes the sulphur from the internal plates and then breaks it down and mixes it back into the acid solution. As a result, the battery will be given a new lease of life. For trucks and other larger vehicles, a 24V battery charger from CTEK will perform the same task.
Wet Cell, Calcium and Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) are all various versions of the lead-acid battery that have different advantages, disadvantages and maintenance requirements.
Wet Cell car batteries, or flooded batteries as they're also known, still dominate a large proportion of the car battery market. Despite the first wet cells typically being fragile glass containers with lead rods hanging from an open top, developments in manufacturing, and of course safety, techniques have seen the wet cell progress in to an affordable, reliable and, if recharged and maintained correctly, long lasting vehicle battery.
Calcium batteries also take up a large proportion of the battery market and have the same generic make-up of wet cell batteries except both the positive and negative plates are replaced by calcium alloy. By doing this, the fluid loss is about 80% lower than that of a normal wet cell battery and the self-discharge rate is also considerably lower which, in turn, provides huge advantages to those storing the units.
Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) or 'dry' batteries as they're also known are the latest step in the evolution of lead-acid batteries. Instead of using water or a gel, an AGM uses a fibreglass separator to hold the electrolyte in place.
GEL batteries (GEL) use a gelified acid. GEL batteries can withstand deep discharging and are for example used in vehicles with demanding electric equipment, electric wheelchairs and as consumer batteries on boats.
All of these car batteries possess different technologies that are going to suit the differing needs of the vehicle, however, they all have one thing in common in that they need to be carefully maintained to ensure once in use, they provide the energy needed. None of them are free from self-discharge and all will therefore require a charge at one point or another and a CTEK charger 24V or 12V battery charger will fulfil all of its requirements.
Unlike many battery chargers available on the market, a CTEK 24V or 12V battery charger will react only to the needs of the battery meaning that every CTEK charger is suitable to charge, condition and prolong the life of all of the above car batteries.
CTEK designs and manufactures a range of smart battery chargers and accessories to suit all types of lead-acid batteries and therefore all vehicles including cars, bikes, marine vessels, agricultural vehicles and even lawn mowers.
A CTEK smart battery charger is fully automatic, spark proof, reverse polarity protected and requires no specialist knowledge to use. Furthermore, due to the patented pulse maintenance technology, the CTEK smart battery charger range can be connected to the battery for months at a time meaning users can simply connect and forget.
All of CTEK's smart chargers are fully automatic, spark proof, reverse polarity protected and require no specialist knowledge to use. Furthermore, due to the patented pulse maintenance technology, the range of chargers can be connected to the battery for months at a time meaning users can simply connect and forget.
A CTEK smart battery charger will undergo a series of stages during the charging process to disulphate, revive, charge, condition and maintain all types of lead-acid batteries, prolong their life and save the user time and money in the future.
Furthermore, a smart battery charger will stay in constant communication with the battery throughout the procedure, charging only to meet the needs of the battery and therefore eradicating the possibility of over-charging or under-charging the battery and reducing its lifespan as a result.
Moreover, each CTEK smart battery charger regulates mains voltage to protect any sensitive electrical and hi-fi equipment.
Unfortunately, not all electric mains provide constant 230V voltage. Even minor variations from the mains can cause the battery to be undercharged or to gas (boil). With undercharging, the negative plate is not fully converted and thus some of the material will be inactive. With overcharging, the battery boils, causing it to dry out. In addition, the heat generation destroys the lead plates.
CTEK's primary switch mode battery charger is not affected by variations in the mains voltage, enabling it to charge the battery effectively.
Charging is intended to regenerate the active materials sulphuric acid (H2SO4), lead (Pb) and lead oxide (PbO2) from the lead sulphate (PbSO4) formed during discharging. That's right – lead sulphate is the same material that causes the problem known as sulphating. Thus, lead sulphate is necessary in the entire process. It is when lead sulphate crystals grow large that problems arise.
A charging curve (or a charging algorithm to be more exact) describes how the battery obtains its energy during the entire charging procedure. DIN standard 41773 provides guidelines for how this type of algorithm must be structured. But, most critical is knowledge of how a battery must be treated to ensure the best condition possible, aiming for the longest service life and highest capacity. There is no universal method that solves all problems optimally. The battery itself can be manufactured a number of different ways. It is also necessary to consider the battery and the way it is used together. Because of this, the number of algorithms is huge. There is a huge difference between a modern, multistage primary switched battery charger and a linear transformer charger, which is the type found at car accessory companies and discount markets.
Even though the battery charger is marked with a high Ampere rating, this is usually measured with a battery that is down at 5-6 V. A more realistic figure is 75% of the marked current strength. But, this drops quickly when the battery voltage rises.
The primary switch mode battery charger may lag behind at first when it comes to how much energy it provides to the battery, but it quickly catches up.
The linear battery charger has trouble filling the battery, even though it is at high voltage. At that point, the battery charger provides a lot more heat than current and not much more charging in the battery.
A battery charger that cannot provide a constant voltage cannot charge the battery completely. It instead comes up to the range when the battery gases and loses fluid. A rule of thumb is that 80% of charging is obtained during the first phase. All simple, regulated battery chargers go down to a lower voltage after reaching 14.4V, but it can then take weeks to obtain the final 20% of charging.
CTEK SWEDEN AB develops and manufactures battery chargers for all types of lead-acid batteries for both private and professional use. CTEK's unparalleled innovation has enabled it to develop cutting-edge technology with several patented functions and properties that make CTEK battery chargers and accessories unique.
Environment: Great savings in the raw material lead (approx 7kg lead/car battery), which is in short supply, and great cutbacks in heavy transports factory-warehouse-dealer-retailer.
Reliability: If you care for the battery properly, you avoid inconvenient surprises with 'dead batteries', which often happen at the worst possible time.
Since its founding, CTEK has sold about 4 million battery chargers in 60 countries around the world. CTEK is a reliable supplier to many of the world's most respected car and motorcycle manufactures. CTEK has won more than 15 different independent battery charger tests since 2005.


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Universidad de Chile Rugby Club es un club de rugby de Chile de la ciudad de Santiago. Fue fundado el 15 de junio de 1941 y juega en el Campeonato Central Primera A de Rugby de la Asociación de Rugby Santiago (ARUSA).

Historia

La rama de rugby del Club Deportivo de la Universidad de Chile se fundó el 15 de junio de 1941 por Alberto Zamorano y otros estudiantes, bajo la presidencia de Benjamín Claro Velasco y, más tarde, consolidada en el período de Aníbal Bascuñán Valdés como el primer equipo de rugby formado en Chile sin orígenes extranjeros. Su primer partido fue ante Stade Francais, al que derrotó por 11-3. En ese mismo año la «U» se clasificó campeón del certamen de Segunda División, alcanzando un lugar en la división de honor.

El club es el más antiguo de los clubes federados, siendo precursor en el año 1942 del actual Club Universidad Católica, y su principal actuación, desde su fundación, fue la difusión del rugby nacional. En 1946 realizó el primer campeonato interuniversitario, fue iniciador del intercambio rugbístico chileno-mendocino en 1952, y en 1956 organizó la primera competencia para menores.

Tras permanecer 61 años bajo el alero de la rama de rugby de la casa de estudios, el 11 de septiembre de 2002, el club se constituyó como organización deportiva con personalidad jurídica bajo la Ley 19.712 y pasó a llamarse U. Chile Rugby Club, logrando así total independencia del ente educacional.

Actualmente la sección de adultos participa en el Campeonato Central Primera A de Rugby de la Asociación de Rugby Santiago (ARUSA).

Divisiones
El club cuenta con una división de series adulta (femenina y masculina), juveniles (masculina y femenina) y de menores, así como una filial senior (Chunchos Rugby Club). Todas las divisiones participan en diversos campeonatos nacionales.

Chunchos Rugby Club

Chunchos Rugby Club es un club de rugby formado en 1997 por jugadores mayores de 35 años, provenientes de la rama de rugby de la Universidad de Chile, con el propósito de seguir jugando al rugby en torneos seniors y en torneos de Tercera División y ligas.

En 2005 obtuvo el tercer lugar del Torneo Liga Universitaria, en 2006 el vicecampeonato del mismo y el cuarto lugar del Primer Festival Classic de Cachañas. En diciembre del año 2008 obtuvo el vicecampeonato del Ten a Side Classic organizado por COBS.

En los años 2010 y 2011 compitió en la Liga ORDERUDE, llegando a disputar la Copa de Plata contra Ingeniería U de Chile.

Universidad de Chile Femenino

Palmarés
 Torneo de Desarrollo ARUSA (1): 2012
 Torneo de Segunda División (1): 1941.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Sitio web oficial

Equipos de rugby de Chile

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Example Walkthrough
Interpreting Output Files
GYRE Fundamentals
The Stretched String Problem
From Stretched String to GYRE
Discretization
Scanning for Eigenfrequencies
Limitations of the Numerical Method
Understanding Grids
Working With Tags
Non-Adiabatic Calculations
Including Rotation
Namelist Input Files
Output Files
Stellar Models
Oscillation Equations
Composite Polytropes
Building POLY Models
Evaluating Tidal Eigenvalues
GYRE
GYRE Fundamentals »
From Stretched String to GYRE¶
The numerical technique demonstrated in the The Stretched String Problem section provides a powerful analog to how GYRE solves the oscillation equations. The full gory details of GYRE's approach are laid out in Townsend & Teitler (2013); in this section we briefly summarize it, highlighting similarities and differences with the stretched-string problem.
Separation¶
Similar to the stretched-string problem, GYRE begins by separating variables in space and time. For the radial displacement perturbation \(\xir\), trial solutions take the form
\[\xir(r,\theta,\phi;t) = \operatorname{Re} \left[ \sqrt{4\pi} \, \txir(r) \, Y^{m}_{\ell}(\theta,\phi) \, \exp(-\ii \sigma t) \right],\]
In addition to the same sinusoidal time dependence as in eqn. (3), an additional spherical harmonic term \(Y^{m}_{\ell}\) appears because we are separating in three (spherical) spatial coordinates rather than one.
Discretization¶
As with the stretched-string problem, GYRE then discretizes the governing equations on a spatial grid \(\{x_{1},x_{2},\ldots,x_{N}\}\). However, a couple of important differences arise at this juncture. First, the system of oscillation equations are fourth order (sixth, in the non-adiabatic case). Rather than employing finite-difference approximations to high-order differential operators, GYRE instead decomposes the problem into set of coupled first-order equations. This set is written generically as
\[x \deriv{\vty}{x} = \mA \, \vty\]
where \(\vty\) is a vector of \(\neq\) dependent variables, and \(\mA\) is a \(\neq \times \neq\) Jacobian matrix. In the adiabatic case, \(\neq=4\); in the non-adiabatic case, \(\neq=6\).
Second, while this equation could be discretized using a simple finite-difference approximation to the left-hand side, GYRE offers more-sophisticated approaches with higher orders of accuracy. These include the Magnus schemes described in Townsend & Teitler (2013), and implicit Runge-Kutta schemes mentioned in Townsend et al. (2018). The choice of scheme is set by the diff_scheme parameter of the &num namelist group. The discretization leads to difference equations of the form
\[\vty_{k+1} = \mY_{k+1;k} \, \vty_{k},\]
relating the dependent variable vector at adjacent grid points. The \(\neq \times \neq\) fundamental solution matrix \(\mY_{k+1,k}\) is evaluated from the value(s) of \(\mA\) within the interval \([x_{k},x_{k+1}]\) using the discretization scheme.
There are \(N-1\) of these sets of difference equations. They are augmented with the boundary conditions
\[\subin{\mB} \, \vty_{1} = 0, \qquad\qquad \subout{\mB} \, \vty_{N} = 0,\]
where \(\subin{\mB}\) is a \(\nin \times \neq\) matrix representing the \(\nin\) inner boundary conditions, and \(\subout{\mB}\) is a \(\nout \times \neq\) matrix representing the outer boundary conditions (note that \(\nin + \nout = \neq\)). Together, the difference equations and boundary conditions comprise a linear system of \(\neq\,N\) algebraic equations and \(\neq N\) unknowns.
Linear System¶
The linear system can be written in the same form (4) as with the stretched-string problem. However, now \(\vu\) is the vector with components
\[\begin{split} \vu = \begin{pmatrix} \vty_{1} \\ \vty_{2} \\ \vdots \\ \vty_{N-1} \\ \vty_{N} \end{pmatrix}\end{split}\]
and the system matrix \(\mS\) is an \(\neq N \times \neq N\) block-staircase matrix with components
\[\begin{split}\mS = \begin{pmatrix} \subin{\mB} & \mz & \cdots & \mz & \mz \\ -\mY_{2;1} & \mI & \cdots & \mz & \mz \\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ \mz & \mz & \cdots & -\mY_{N;N-1} & \mI \\ \mz & \mz & \cdots & \mz & \subout{\mB} \end{pmatrix}.\end{split}\]
As before, the linear system (4) has non-trivial solutions only when the determinant of \(\mS\) vanishes. Thus, GYRE finds eigenvalues of the oscillation equation by solving the characteristic equation
\[\Dfunc(\omega) \equiv \det(\mS) = 0,\]
where the dimensionless frequency
\[\omega \equiv \sqrt{\frac{R^{3}}{GM}} \, \sigma,\]
is the product of the star's dynamical timescale and the oscillation frequency \(\sigma\). (Internally, GYRE works extensively with such dimensionless quantities, as it improves the stability of the numerical algorithms).
Scanning for Eigenfrequencies¶
In the adiabatic case, GYRE searches for roots of the discriminant function \(\Dfunc\) using the same bracketing and refinement strategies as the stretched-string problem.
In the non-adiabatic case, a complication is that the discriminant function and the dimensionless frequency are both complex quantities. Solving the characteristic equation in the complex plane is computationally challenging because there is no equivalent to bracketing and refinement. GYRE implements a couple of different approaches to the problem, as discussed in the Non-Adiabatic Calculations chapter.
© Copyright 2020, Rich Townsend & The GYRE Team. Revision 99850fcb.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It seems Koeman is ignoring the call for width and pace... it's his sword I guess.
Awful free kick from Sigurdsson to start off.
What have we done to him!!
Do we know what Vlasic's best position is? Please don't say no.10!
No-one knows yet, he's still a kid.
Jeez poor from Gana that.
Good buildup there but need more movement in the box.
He always strikes me as someone who has had a few double espresso's before he starts work.


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Is Italy international Matteo Darmian the best full back fit for Man Utd?
Manchester United's recent scatter-gun approach to transfers has seen some high-profile stars set up camp at Old Trafford after bold big-money moves.
It appears the days of savvy, prudent and unexpected signings such as Patrice Evra and Nemanja Vidic left along with Sir Alex Ferguson, with Dutch utility man Daley Blind perhaps the only recent recruit in that value for money vein.
Reports that Man Utd (20/1 with Coral to win the Champions League) are one of three clubs to have tabled bids for Torino and Italy defender Matteo Darmian, with a £12.7m fee for the versatile full back rumoured to have been agreed, could signal a return to such sensible spending, however.
With two other top teams, believed to be Bayern Munich and Napoli, having been confirmed to be seriously tracking the adaptable defender, what is all the fuss about this relatively unknown Serie A star?
Tactically astute Darmian can be deployed anywhere across the backline, and in his youth days could also operate as a defensive midfielder, though Torino have utilised the 25-year-old as a wing back to great success as he racked up four goals and five assists last season.
Red Devils fans are well aware that Louis van Gaal loves an intelligent and versatile player who can bring balance to numerous positions, so signing talented Darmian over the likes of Premier League pair Nathaniel Clyne and Seamus Coleman, or Monaco's Fabinho, makes sense for a squad riddled by injuries last campaign.
If the Old Trafford club (11/2 to lift the Premier League) are to compete on four fronts defensive depth is key, though Darmian would undoubtedly be arriving as a starter, and should have no trouble competing with spirited but unspectacular Antonio Valencia or injury-prone Rafael to secure the right back berth.
Would Darmian really represent better value than Premier League-proven Coleman, though? While drafting in any player from abroad and expecting them to adapt instantly is always somewhat of a risk, England fans will remember what a torrid time the AC Milan academy graduate gave Clyne from left wing back when the countries clashed in a recent friendly.
Take a peek at what Darmian can offer:
Renowned for his well-timed tackles and anticipation, having begun his carer as a centre half, Darmian can operate reliably at right back and Red Devils fans should expect him to provide more solidity than speedy and explosive Coleman. The Irishman would surely cost significantly more than the mooted fees for his Italian peer, with relatively cash-strapped Torino seemingly not averse to offloading their prize asset.
Perhaps somewhat of a late bloomer at 25, Torino's tenacious and rapid flank threat is no slouch in the attacking department either, with his experience as a wing back likely to also appeal to Van Gaal, who may feel the need to switch between four at the back and 3-5-2 in the upcoming campaign. Darmian's acquisition would at the very least provide the Dutch coach with more options and further flexibility.
Having blossomed with the Bull, showing the potential first glimpsed when in Rossoneri youth ranks, the consistent performer has collected 13 Azzurri caps since taking Torino by storm. Quite simply, Darmian is one of those players big clubs would rue missing out on at such a low price, only to fork out twice as much for in future.


We are looking for great engineers to form the foundation of our engineering team for years to come. If you want to create a meaningful impact on the world with technology; if you share our belief that bringing empathy to our customers, our product, and our team will bring success; and if you are always on the lookout to get better at what you do, Boundless is the right place for you.
We are a small (for now) team of designers and engineers working out of Pioneer Square, Seattle. We work with Rails, React, Redux, and React Native.
Be assigned a mentor, who will pair with you most of the time as you learn about our codebase, our deployment, and our process.
Work with your mentor and our design team to ship a complete feature for our mobile or web application.
Periodically join our customer support lines and customer feedback sessions to hear directly from immigrants about their concerns, problems, and frustrations in their immigration journey.
Look at usage metrics, measure the effectiveness of your feature, and make adjustments to improve its effectiveness.
Make a mistake! You will then run through our operational process to recover from the mistake, have a blameless learning session about the issue, and implement action items for us not to repeat the same mistake in the future.
Work with your manager to identify three personal development goals for yourself and identify concrete steps to reach these goals.
Continue pairing with other team members until you are comfortable working on your own in our codebase.
Have an innate understanding of our customers, so that you will be able to identify an important problem, come up with ideas to solve this problem, and work with others in the engineering, design, marketing, and customer success teams to solve this problem.
Contribute to our infrastructure, automation, and testing to ensure a sustainable work environment for our team.
Help the newer members of our ever-growing team have an ever-improving onboarding and learning experience.
Play an essential role in building an inclusive and high-performing culture at Boundless.


Hungary is located in the central parts of Europe.
It occupies an area of 93,036 sq.km.
The location of Hungary is at the crossroad in all respects.
The country appears to be the boundary between Eastern and Western Europe, and one of the states on the road from Northern Europe to Mediterranean.
If you look at the map of Europe you will quickly notice that Hungary borders with countries which have very different welfare in comparison with it.
When to Visit Hungary and What Clothes to Wear?
The best time for tourism in Hungary is from early May to late September when the days are sunniest and temperatures – highest.
This period offer you a great weather for outdoor activities and for enjoying the beauty of the capital Budapest, Lake Balaton and all the other wonderful places in the Hungarian countryside.
For this period is most appropriate to wear thin summer clothing, as daily temperatures are constantly above 20 degrees.
Still you can take an anorak and long pants for any case, especially if you travel in May or September when the weather is a bit more variable and may be slightly cool.
However, as a whole during these five months the weather is really wonderful.
Hungary has a temperate continental climate.
Summers are hot and winters are often cold enough to freeze a large part of the Lake Balaton.
Precipitation is abundant and relatively evenly distributed throughout the year with the exception of two pronounced peaks – one in late spring and early summer and another in autumn.
The rainiest months are May, June and July.
Winter lasts from December to February.
Daily temperatures rarely exceed 4°C in December and February and 0°C in January.
The nights are frosty and generally always have negative temperatures.
Spring lasts from March to May.
Temperatures range from 10 to 22°C.
During this season the nights are still cold, but temperatures are no longer negative.
Summer in Hungary lasts from June to late August.
During this period are the highest temperatures of the year.
In June, temperatures are around 25°C, and in July and August are even higher at about 26-27°C, but sometimes in summer temperatures can reach 35 and even 40 degrees.
In September begins the fall, but the weather is still very enjoyable.
There are still days with summer temperatures.
Around 22 – 23°C are the average daily temperatures in September.
In October and November the weather is mild (about 15°C in October and 8°C in November).
Carpathian mountain range protects from the invasion of very cold air masses from the northeast.
The closeness of the Mediterranean Sea is one of the reasons for the high summer temperatures.
Overall, it can be concluded that Hungary has a mild and sunny climate and warm months of the year are much more than the cold.
Hungary is a great country for the practicing of cultural tourism.
Pearl of the country is the capital Budapest, which is among the most beautiful cities in Europe.
The Danube River passes right through the heart of Hungarian capital, contributing to the romantic atmosphere of the city.
It divides it into two parts – Buda and Pest. Many bridges cross the river.
During the Second World War almost all were destroyed, but soon after the war bridges are recovered again.
Budapest is a classic European city with ancient architecture, squares and parks.
Like any European city, Budapest offers unlimited opportunities for fun and relaxation.
This is a great place for shopping lovers and for those who like to visit great variety of cafes and restaurants.
Budapest is a place rich with culture and offers many opportunities for attending concerts, museums, exhibitions or simply an examination of old buildings.
The most beautiful are those, which are built in the Gothic style.
Speaking of Gothic architecture we can not miss the parliament building in Hungary.
You must visit it, because it is a real masterpiece.
Parliament was completed in 1902. It was built of limestone.
Today it is considered that the Hungarian Parliament is the most beautiful parliament building in the world!
The building is as high as a skyscraper! At its highest point it reaches 96 m.!
Margaret Island is also a major tourist attraction.
It is situated in the Danube River and is a favorite place of leisure for residents and tourists.
Dense foliage offers coolness in the sweltering summer days.
But Hungary has many other things to offer and if you confine within the Budapest you will miss so much!
For example, one of the biggest attractions of the country is located in the countryside, away from the capital Budapest.
This is the Lake Balaton. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful in Europe and is a major tourist attraction.
It is called the Hungarian Sea.
During the summer months it is used for swimming and attracts many tourists from Hungary and from abroad.
Its waters are warming rapidly since its depth is not very large – it is average about 3 meters.
The deepest spot of the lake reaches only 11 meters.
The gradual increase of depth makes it very attractive for water fun.
Around the lake there are small but very beautiful tourist towns.
The greatest town is Keszthely located on the west coast of the lake.
It has a population of about 25,000 inhabitants.
Small resort towns around Lake Balaton, together form the richest region of Hungary.
Hungary is a country with flat and hilly terrain with a small altitude.
Most of the territory is occupied by the notorious Pannonian Plain.
The only part of Hungary, which has a mountainous relief, is located northeast of the capital Budapest.
These are the Northern Medium Mountains, which are known as the Northern Hills.
There rises the highest peak of the country – Kekes, which has an altitude of 1012 meters.
The place is located near the border with Slovakia.
The smallest altitudes of the country you can find in the south and southeast.
The population of Hungary is about 9.9 million people.
Of these, one third or about 3.3 million people live in the urban agglomeration of Budapest.
This is a phenomenon that often occurs in Europe – much of the population of a country to live in its capital.
Still the biggest part of the population is composed by Hungarians, but since its joining the European Union there are tends to increasingly diversifying of the population.
Besides the Hungarians and the increasing number of foreigners, residing permanently in the country there are also about half a million Gypsies.
This makes Hungary one of the countries in the world with the largest number of Gypsies after Spain, Bulgaria and Romania.
The main language is Hungarian, which is one of the most rare and difficult languages in Europe.
It is in a language group with the Finnish language (official language of Finland).
The main part of population of Hungary is Christian.
Hungary is a member of the European Union.
It has developed economy, but the country still faces some difficulties in its development and is often considered to be one of the poorest countries in the EU.
The economy relies heavily on highly developed agriculture.
Industry is less developed and presented mostly by pharmaceutics and food production.
On the one hand is Austria, which has a higher quality of life even in comparison with the USA, on the other hand is Serbia, which still suffers from poverty and a variety of social problems.
In addition to Austria and Serbia, Hungary borders with Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Ukraine and Slovakia.
Besides central European country, Hungary is also Transdanubian country.
One of the largest European rivers (Danube) crosses from north to south its territory.
Hungary is an inland country that has no outlet to the sea.
Yet the Adriatic Sea, which is part of the Mediterranean, lies just over 200 km from the Hungarian border.
During the years of Soviet influence, here have made numerous attempts for artificially developing of industry with imported raw materials, but after the collapse of USSR these industries gradually declined and the country once again returned to its traditional sectors such as agriculture, which is today very well developed.
The mild climate of Hungary promotes the cultivation of various light loving crops such as sunflower, vines and so on.
Hungary produces large quantities of quality fruits and vegetables.
Besides the climate and traditions of the people, there is still something that stimulates the development of crops and this is the flat terrain.
This makes agricultural land easy to process.


Tampico is a city and important port in the mexican state of Tamaulipas, located on the southernmost part of it, precisely in the Huasteca region. With a population of over 950,000 inhabitants in its metropolitan region, Greater Tampico is the most important metro region in the state and one of the most important economic and cultural hubs in the Gulf of Mexico.
Possessing a tropical climate and being surrounded by several rivers, lagoons, wetlands and the Gulf of Mexico, Tampico has a very varied wildlife coexisting with the growing city.
Tampico is served by General Francisco Javier Mina International Airport (TAM) . There is one flight per day to/from Houston via United Airlines, and several others via Monterrey, Guadalajara, Queretaro, Veracruz or Mexico City.
Terminal Central de Autobuses de Tampico is the main bus terminal for the city and has several bus lines serving it.
Alternately, Tampico is located a six-hour drive or bus ride from the Mexican border with either McAllen or Brownsville, Texas, as well as a two to four-hour drive or bus ride to the most iconic places of the Huasteca Potosina.
Driving is the easiest way to travel around Tampico. Speed limits and red lights are enforced - other laws tend to be rather lax.
Taxis are relatively safe to take in and around Tampico at any time of day or night, but as always, use caution when traveling alone. Due to conflicts with the State policy for passenger transportation, the Uber platform nor any other has arrived to Tampico, but there are several taxi lines with their own platform to use.
Colonial square downtown, with nearby market, beautiful old cathedral, and very good shopping. The architecture resembles the one in New Orleans' downtown (French style).
Huasteca Culture Museum (Museo de la Cultura Huasteca, INAH), Cp. Ma. Alejandrina Elias Ortiz, 833 256 8717, . Guided tours available. Daily 10am-6pm. Adults 33 pesos, students free.
Laguna del Carpintero, close to downtown. A lagoon where families usually gather on weekends to relax. Crocodiles can be seen sunbathing on the shore on sunny days as well as Iguanas and turtles. Boat rides around the lagoon are available to watch the wildlife and mangroves.
Sunrise at Laguna del Carpintero, with the Tampico Bridge in the background.
Puente Tampico. One of Mexico's longest bridges. It connects the states of Tamaulipas and Veracruz across the Panuco River. It can be admired from the Laguna del Carpintero.
Metropolitan Cultural Center (METRO), . Opened in 2004, featuring international ballet and symphony as well as national and international shows.
Playa Miramar is a popular beach destination for residents of Monterrey, Mexico City and San Luis Potosí. The only certified clean beach on the Gulf of Mexico. A shallow beach with soft waves perfect for kids.
Old Customs Building (Antigua Aduana Marítima de Tampico) is an emblematic building in Tampico's downtown, built during 1896 to 1902. It houses the "Battle of Tampico" museum. The Panuco River can be seen and admired from its terraces.
ALTAMA City Center, opened in 2015, is Tampico's largest Shopping Mall, allocating international fashion stores and local as well as national/international food chains.
Centro Comercial Tres Arcos. One of the first shopping malls in Tampico dating back to the 90's. Not as big as ALTAMA City Center but still with a varied offer of goods and services.
Restaurante Don Churrasco, on the northwest corner of the main square, is a good argentinian restaurant to eat or drink a beer with a great view of the square.
Restaurant El Huasteco, located half a corner away from the main square. Typical local huastec food that should not be missed.
Tortas de la Barda. Typical Tampico-style lunch consisting of bread filled with several ingredients. Located just outside the Old Customs Building.
Restaurant Los Curricanes. Tampico is well-known for its fresh, delicious seafood, and this restaurant is one of the best in Town.
Restaurant El Asador. With several branches around Tampico, this restaurant offers typical huastecan food for breakfast and superb steaks for dinner.
Huasteca Potosina. Known for its waterfalls and rivers of crystal-clear waters. Popular locations like Tamul Waterfall, Xilitla and Tamasopo are located 2.0 - 3.5 hours away. There are buses departing from Tampico's Bus Station that take you to Ciudad Valles and there you have to take another bus to these places located in the middle of the mountains, though it is easier to rent a car and get there driving.
This page was last edited on 27 March 2019, at 16:18.


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Home Topics Cancer Nanosensors Enable Urine Test for Lung Cancer
Molecular Diagnostics/In vitro Diagnostics
Nanosensors Enable Urine Test for Lung Cancer
Source: Science Photo Library - SCIEPRO / Getty Images
Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed a nanoparticle-based approach that allows the early diagnosis of lung cancer through a simple urine test. The strategy detects biomarkers resulting from the interaction of peptide-coated nanoparticles with disease-associated proteases in the tumor microenvironment. Experiments in two different mouse models of lung cancer showed that the urine test could detect tumors as small as 2.8 mm3. The researchers hope that this type of noninvasive diagnosis could reduce the number of false positives associated with an existing test method, and help to detect more tumors in the early stages of the disease.
"If you look at the field of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, there's a renewed recognition of the importance of early cancer detection and prevention," said study lead Sangeeta Bhatia, PhD, who is the John and Dorothy Wilson professor of health sciences and technology and electrical engineering and computer science, and a member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Institute for Medical Engineering and Science. "We really need new technologies that are going to give us the capability to see cancer when we can intercept it and intervene early." Bhatia and colleagues report on development of the test in Science Translational Medicine, in a paper titled, "Urinary detection of lung cancer in mice via noninvasive pulmonary protease profiling."
MIT engineers have developed nanoparticles that can be delivered to the lungs, where tumor-associated proteases cut peptides on the surface of the particles, releasing reporter molecules. Those reporters can be detected by a urine test.
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death (25.3%) in the United States the authors wrote, and has a "dismal" five-year survival rate of 18.6%. Early detection is key, as the five-year survival rates are 6- to 13-fold higher in patients whose tumors are detected before they spread to distal sites in the body. People in the United States who are at high risk of developing lung cancer, such as heavy smokers, are routinely screened using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), which can detect tumors in the lungs. However, this test has an extremely high rate of false positives, as it also picks up benign nodules in the lungs. There is then a "considerable burden of complications incurred during unnecessary follow-up procedures," the investigators stated, and the method isn't routinely used in other countries. "As a result of these complications, screening by LDCT has not been widely adopted outside of the United States, and there is "an urgent need to develop diagnostic tests that increase the effectiveness of lung cancer screening."
The approach taken by the MIT researchers is based on the use of what they call "activity-based sensors" that monitor for disease and intensify disease-associated signals, which can then be detected in urine. "Activity-based nanosensors leverage dysregulated protease activity to overcome the insensitivity of previous biomarker assays, amplifying disease-associated signals generated in the tumor microenvironment and providing a concentrated urine-based readout," the team explained.
Bhatia's lab has for several years been developing such nanoparticles that can detect cancer by interacting with proteases. These enzymes help tumor cells to escape their original locations by cutting through proteins of the extracellular matrix. To find the cancer-associated proteases Bhatia created nanoparticles coated with peptides that are targeted by the cancer-related proteases. The particles accumulate at tumor sites, where the peptides are cleaved, releasing biomarkers that can then be detected in a urine sample.
The Bhatia lab has previously developed sensors for colon and ovarian cancer, and in their new study, the researchers applied the technology to lung cancer, which kills about 150,000 people in the United States every year. They project that the test could be applied to confirm cancer in patients who have had a positive CT scan. These patients would commonly undergo a biopsy or other invasive test to search for lung cancer, but in some cases, this procedure can cause complications, so a noninvasive follow-up test could be useful to determine which patients actually need a biopsy, Bhatia said.
"The CT scan is a good tool that can see a lot of things," she said. "The problem with it is that 95% of what it finds is not cancer, and right now you have to biopsy too many patients who test positive."
To customize their sensors for lung cancer, the researchers analyzed data in The Cancer Genome Atlas, and identified proteases that are abundant in lung cancer. They created a panel of 14 peptide-coated nanoparticles that could interact with these enzymes.
The researchers then tested the sensors in two different genetic mouse models, "driven by either Kras/Trp53 (KP) mutations, or Eml4-Alk (EA) fusion," that spontaneously develop lung cancer. To help prevent background noise that could come from other organs or the bloodstream, the researchers injected the particles directly into the animals' airways. The researchers carried out their diagnostic test using the sensors at 5 weeks, 7.5 weeks, and 10.5 weeks after tumor growth began. To make the diagnoses more accurate, they used machine learning to train an algorithm to distinguish between data from mice that had tumors and from mice that did not.
Using this approach, the researchers found that they could accurately detect tumors in one of the mouse models as early as 7.5 weeks, when the tumors were only 2.8 mm3, on average. In the other strain of mice, tumors could be detected at 5 weeks. The sensors' success rate was also comparable to or better than the success rate of CT scans performed at the same time points.
"Intrapulmonary administration of the nanosensors to a Kras- and Trp53-mutant lung adenocarcinoma mouse model confirmed the role of metalloproteases in lung cancer and enabled accurate detection of localized disease, with 100% specificity and 81% sensitivity," they reported. "Furthermore, this approach generalized to an alternative autochthonous model of lung adenocarcinoma, where it detected cancer with 100% specificity and 95% sensitivity and was not confounded by lipopolysaccharide-driven lung inflammation."
Importantly, the sensors could distinguish between early-stage cancer and noncancerous inflammation of the lungs, a common condition in smokers, and one of the reasons that CT scans produce so many false positives. "Activity-based nanosensors may have clinical utility as a rapid, safe, and cost-effective follow-up to LDCT, reducing the number of patients referred for invasive testing," the authors concluded. "With further optimization and validation studies, activity-based nanosensors may one day provide an accurate, noninvasive, and radiation-free strategy for lung cancer testing."
The authors acknowledged that their study was carried out in mouse models, which do not fully recapitulate human disease, and there were other study limitations that will need to be addressed. Clinical trials will be needed to fully validate the use of activity-based nanosensors for detecting lung cancer and distinguishing malignant from benign and extrapulmonary disease, they pointed out.
Bhatia envisions that the nanoparticle sensors could be used as a noninvasive diagnostic for people who get a positive result on a screening test, potentially eliminating the need for a biopsy. For use in humans, her team is working on a form of the particles that could be inhaled as a dry powder or through a nebulizer. Another possible application is using the sensors to monitor how well lung tumors respond to treatment, such as drugs or immunotherapies. "A great next step would be to take this into patients who have known cancer, and are being treated, to see if they're on the right medicine," Bhatia said.
She is also working on a version of the sensor that could be used to distinguish between viral and bacterial forms of pneumonia, which could help doctors to determine which patients need antibiotics and may even provide complementary information to nucleic acid tests like those being developed for COVID-19. Glympse Bio, a company co-founded by Bhatia, is also working on developing this approach to replace biopsy in the assessment of liver disease.
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Fisher-Price Rock 'N Play Lawsuits
Home/Fisher-Price Rock 'N Play Lawsuits
Fisher-Price Rock 'N Play LawsuitsBrian Williams2019-07-09T17:21:48+00:00
The government has issued a recall of 4.7 million Fisher-Price Rock 'n Play Sleepers after the product was linked to the deaths of more than 30 infants, while nearly 700,000 Kids II sleepers were recalled following five infant deaths.
The Consumer Product Safety Commission, in a recall notice issued on April 12, 2019, said infants died after rolling from their backs to their stomachs or sides while unrestrained or under other circumstances. People were warned to immediately stop using the infant sleeper. The product, manufactured in China, has been sold at major retailers dating back to 2009.
An investigation by Consumer Reports found that the sleepers were tied to the deaths of 32 babies. According to the report, the deaths can be traced back to the crib's inclined design. Infant fatalities have occurred in Rock 'n Play sleepers after the infants rolled from their back to their stomach or side while unrestrained, or under other circumstances.
The Rock 'n Play recall was followed by the recall of a similar product, the Rocking Sleeper made by Kids II. The CPSC recently announced the recall of 694,000 Rocking Sleepers after multiple reports of injuries and deaths.
The Rocking Sleepers were sold at national retailers including Walmart, Toys R Us, and Target, as well as through a number of online outlets for between $40 and $80. As with the Rock 'n Play sleepers, consumers with Rocking Sleepers are advised to stop using the product immediately and contact the manufacturer for a refund or voucher.
This issue has been a top priority for the agency. CPSC has been investigating incidents and analyzing the data regarding how they relate to these products. In addition, the CPSC is continuing its investigation into other inclined sleep products.
If your child has been injured by a Fisher-Price Rock 'n Play or a Kids II Rocking Sleeper, our experienced team of product liability lawyers can help, no matter where you live. We have litigated cases involving defective pieces of equipment, including children's furniture. We will reach out to engineer and design experts to prove that the product was unreasonably dangerous and should never have been sold.
If your child or the child of a loved one suffered a catastrophic injury or death in a Fisher-Price Rock 'n Play Sleeper, you should contact the attorneys at Jones Brown Law.
For a free consultation, please call us at 855-525-2999 or contact us online. We only get paid out of a settlement that you approve of or a verdict. We do not charge anything if we are not able to obtain a recovery.
Jones Brown Law
When you buy a product, you have certain rights as a consumer. The most basic is the right to be safe while using the item. Big companies have an obligation to design and manufacture safe products. When they fail in this obligation and you're hurt by a shoddy product, you should speak with the experienced defective product lawyers at Jones Brown PLLC.


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The aluminum parts are the anode (thus the term "anodizing") and current is passed between them and a cathode, usually flat aluminum bars, through the above mentioned electrolyte (sulfuric acid is most commonly used).
The finished parts featured a bright blue or red anodized finish, which was completed on our dedicated rack anodizing line. Complete inspections were performed during the entire process to ensure that the quality was consistent, and in line with our high standards.
Oct 26, 2018· The result is an extremely hard substance called anodized aluminum. Anodized aluminum can be nearly as hard as diamond under the right anodizing process. Many modern buildings use anodized aluminum in places where the metal framework is exposed to the elements.
The aluminum is secured to racks and then lowered into an acid bath. An electric current is then passed through the racking and into the aluminum part. The anodized aluminum can be left in its natural color, or dyed from many color choices, using organic dyes.
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Anodized aluminum car parts products are most popular in North America, Domestic Market, and Western Europe. You can ensure product safety by selecting from certified suppliers, including 7,109 with ISO9001, 2,070 with ISO/TS16949, and 1,489 with Other certification.
topic 2459 Discoloration of Black Anodized Aluminum Parts. A discussion started in 1998 but continuing through 2017. 1998. Q. I'm a Mechanical Engineer in charge of an optical sub-assembly that is assembled to a diagnostic blood analyzer.
Anodized aluminum parts are specified in many military, automotive, aircraft and appliance applications. Anodizing can be used to simulate various materials such as brass, copper and bronze at a fraction of the cost of those materials.
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thefabricator› Article› Aluminum Welding Can you weld on anodized parts? A: Anodizing is a process in which a thin, uniform coating of aluminum oxide is formed on the surface of aluminum. Any aluminum alloy can be anodized, but different alloys form anodized coatings of slightly different colors.


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Framework Literary Translation
About PETRA-E
Publications PETRA and PETRA-E
Laurea Magistrale in Interpretariato e Traduzione editoriale settoriale
The MA programme in "Interpretariato e Traduzione Editoriale, Settoriale" (Interpretation and Translation for Publishing and Special Purposes) aims to equip its graduates with specific knowledge, professional skills and competence in the fields of interpretation and both specialised and literary translation, as well as a proficiency in IT and in the use of CAT tools. The focus on translation studies and on translation as mediation encompasses a variety of linguistic, literary, and socio-cultural fields from a comparative and multicultural perspective.
The languages offered are Mandarin Chinese and Cantonese. The teaching languages are Italian, Mandarin and Cantonese Chinese, and English.
The courses in the programme include: Chinese linguistics, Chinese-Italian translation for publishing, Chinese-Italian specialised translation, Chinese-Italian specialised and multimedia translation, Chinese-Italian and English-Chinese consecutive interpretation, business Chinese and practical Cantonese, history of literary genres (China and Europe), IT tools for computer-assisted translation.
Teaching activities include stand-up classes, workshops, and internships. The learning format aims to provide students with comprehensive language proficiency and competence in translation and interpreting, paired by a wide-ranging set of relevant professional skills.
The final dissertation is based either on the translation of a literary or specialised text and the relevant translation commentary or on the study of a chosen topic in linguistics, literature or translation studies.
MA graduates may find employment opportunities as professional interpreters, freelance or in-house translators, staff in companies and organisations with an international reach, as well as operators in the fields of cross-linguistic communication, teaching, publishing, and multimedia. The MA programme also grants access to further studies (PhD or professional master's programmes) in the fields of linguistics, translation, and interpretation.
The MA programme is based on the work of a team of teachers whose main field of research and activity is literary translation. Translation theory and the translation of literary texts are the core content of some of the offered courses. Besides, during the academic year we organise a range of activities especially aiming at increasing the students' competencies and sensitivity in the field of literary translation, such as lectures and workshops on literary translation, as well as meetings with writers, translators, publishing houses, literary agents, etc.
Language combinations:
Italian-Chinese
Chinese-Italian
Chinese-English
Type of course: Master
Institution: Università degli Studie "Ca' Foscari" di Venezia
Website: http://www.unive.it/pag/3369/
Contact name: Frederica Passi
Contact email: fedpassi@unive.it
Contact name: Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Culturali Comparati
Contact email: xiaopei@unive.it