text:
The Brown University News Bureau
1995-1996 index
Distributed April 5, 1996
Contact: Mark Nickel
Fayneese Miller named coordinator of new ethnic studies concentration
Fayneese Miller, associate professor of education and director of Brown's Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, has been named coordinator of a new ethnic studies concentration. She will work with a faculty committee to design and implement the concentration, which must be approved by the College Curriculum Council next fall.
PROVIDENCE, R.I. -- Fayneese Miller, associate professor of education and director of the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, has been appointed the first coordinator of Brown's new concentration (academic major) in ethnic studies, according to an announcement today by Kenneth Sacks, dean of the College.
Pending approval by the College Curriculum Council next fall, the new multidisciplinary concentration will enable students to study not only the African-American and Native American experience, but also that of Latinos, Asian-Americans and other U.S. ethnic groups. Miller will work with an existing ad hoc faculty committee on ethnic studies, to complete the design of the concentration, present it for formal review and approval, and oversee its implementation.
Work on the ethnic studies concentration began in 1994 when President Vartan Gregorian asked Sheila Blumstein, former dean of the College, to chair a committee of faculty charged with exploring the feasibility of such a concentration. The committee felt ethnic studies would benefit from Brown's particular expertise in interdisciplinary studies, so it suggested modeling the concentration on existing interdisciplinary programs, including women's studies. In its deliberations, the committee consulted various academic departments and centers as well as representatives of various student minority groups. The committee presented its feasibility report to Gregorian at the end of the 1994-95 academic year, and Gregorian accepted the proposal.
In anticipation of the formal establishment of the concentration, Brown has been developing new faculty expertise and new course offerings. Gregorian has authorized the early hiring of new assistant professors in anthropology and sociology, who will have disciplinary expertise in race and ethnicity and related areas. The Department of Hispanic Studies has hired a new assistant professor to teach Puerto Rican literature. These appointments complement two new faculty positions in American civilization, which provide instruction in Asian American and Latino studies.
In addition, as part of a continuing effort to internationalize its curriculum and strengthen various academic disciplines, Brown has begun offering instruction in Arabic language and literature. Endowed chairs have been established in modern Middle Eastern history, modern Indian and South Asian history, and Portuguese and Brazilian studies. A chair in Japanese history and culture is being funded.
The new concentration will have a close association with the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, which Miller directs. Some fifty Brown faculty are involved in the center's research on race and ethnicity in the United States and internationally.
Fayneese Miller
Miller joined the Brown faculty in 1985 after completing two years of post-doctoral work in applied social psychology at Yale University. She holds a doctorate from Texas Christian University and a bachelor's degree from Hampton University. She specializes in social psychology and education, with a research focus on the attitudes and values of adolescents toward schooling, politics and identity development. She has written or co-written more than 65 books, monographs and articles.
Miller has received research grants from the Lilly Endowment, the Ford Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the National Institute of Mental Health. She serves as a manuscript reviewer for the Journal of Research on Adolescents, the Journal of Black Psychology, and the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Miller is on the board of the Langston Hughes Center for the Arts and the Community Preparatory School, both in Providence. Her consulting credits include the Rhode Island Children's Crusade, the Montgomery County Schools, the New York City Standards Project, the New York Board of Education, and the Fort Worth Independent School District.


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Guide (disambiguation)
GUIDE International
Pop (U2 album)
Glossary of professional wrestling terms
A Guide is a person with specialized knowledge that helps laypersons travel thru an area
Guide or The Guide may also refer to:
A source of useful information
Guide to information sources, a work summarizing the important sources in a particular field
Field guide, a reference for quickly identifying organisms or objects
Encyclopaedia, a work intended to summarize the whole of human knowledge
Guide book, a book that summarize attractions for tourists
Price guide, a reference work containing prices of e.g. coins, collectibles, computers
Electronic program guide, an on-screen guide to scheduled broadcast television programs
Guide Plus, an interactive electronic programme guide system
Compendium, a work intended to summarize human knowledge in a particular field
Owners manual, a book instructing a person how to use a product
Knowledge management database
Guide, a person with specialized knowledge of an area who leads or conducts others, such as a tourist guide, mountain guide, wilderness guide, hunting guide, military guide, etc.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Guide_(disambiguation)
GUIDE (Guidance of Users of Integrated Data-Processing Equipment) was a users' group for users of IBM computer systems.
GUIDE was formed in 1956; it was incorporated in 1970 as a non-profit organization under the name of GUIDE International Corporation. At its peak GUIDE had a membership of around 2,000 companies and institutions.
In 1994 in Europe GUIDE merged with the European arm of SHARE, another major IBM users' group forming GSE (Guide Share Europe).
In the US GUIDE ceased operation in September 1999. Although the groups did not merge, many of GUIDE's activities and projects were taken over by SHARE, and GUIDE suggested to its members that they join SHARE. In August 2000, SHARE took over the guide.org domain name.
Index of GUIDE International Records, 1970-1992 at Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.
GUIDE SHARE EUROPE
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/GUIDE_International
Pop! was a British group consisting of Glenn Ball, Hannah Lewis, Jamie Tinkler, and Jade McGuire. The group was formed in the summer of 2003 when they were signed by Pete Waterman. They released three singles on the Sony BMG record label, but disbanded in early 2005, due to poor record sales.
The group had three hit singles, which all reached the top 40 in the UK Singles Chart during 2004 and 2005, but each performed under expectations. Their debut single "Heaven and Earth" was withdrawn from the chart because the single contained a track whose length was longer than permitted for that format. Following singles were "Can't Say Goodbye" and "Serious". A fourth single, "Xanadu" (a cover of the Olivia Newton-John and Electric Light Orchestra song), was due to be released but was cancelled when the group split. They had also recorded songs for a planned studio album. Their single "Heaven and Earth" was licensed for use in Dancing Stage Fusion by Konami in 2005.
Glenn Ball, a professional choreographer was a backing dancer for Mimi, in the A Song For Europe contest in 2003, with her song "Ever Since That Night" which ended third in the televoting.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Pop!
Pop is the ninth studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Flood, Howie B, and Steve Osborne, and was released on 3 March 1997 on Island Records. The album was a continuation of the band's 1990s musical reinvention, as they incorporated alternative rock, techno, dance, and electronica influences into their sound. Pop employed a variety of production techniques that were relatively new to U2, including sampling, loops, programmed drum machines, and sequencing.
Recording sessions began in 1995 with various record producers, including Nellee Hooper, Flood, Howie B, and Osborne, who were introducing the band to various electronica influences. At the time, drummer Larry Mullen, Jr. was inactive due to a back injury, prompting the other band members to take different approaches to songwriting. Upon Mullen's return, the band began re-working much of their material but ultimately struggled to complete songs. After the band allowed manager Paul McGuinness to book their upcoming 1997 PopMart Tour before the record was completed, they felt rushed into delivering it. Even after delaying the album's release date from the 1996 Christmas and holiday season to March 1997, U2 ran out of time in the studio, working up to the last minute to complete songs.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Pop_(U2_album)
Professional wrestling has accrued a considerable nomenclature through its long existence. Much of it stems from the industry's origins in the days of carnivals and circuses, and the slang itself is often referred to as "carny talk." In the past, wrestlers used such terms in the presence of fans so as not to reveal the worked nature of the business. In recent years, widespread discussion on the Internet has popularized these terms. Many of the terms refer to the financial aspects of pro wrestling in addition to performance-related terms.
Beekman, Scott. Ringside: A history of professional wrestling in America (Greenwood, 2006)
Foley, Mick (2000). Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-103101-1.
Harley Race, Ricky Steamboat, Les Thatcher (2005). The Professional Wrestlers' Workout & Instructional Guide. Sports Publishing LLC. ISBN 1-58261-947-6.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Glossary_of_professional_wrestling_terms
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Baby Be Good, Vaughn Monroe
B4 U Wake....Die !, Heideroosjes
Baby Be Good
Baby Be Good, but not too good
to be true,
Baby Be Good, but be a little
fun too.
Why don't you go along where
the gang goes?
Take yourself on a spree.
Don't turn into an angel,
for think,
What that would do to me.
Baby Be Good, but don't
forget to be gay.
Remember, I remember you
that way.
Just think when other kisses
thrill you,
How much better mine would be.
So, Baby Be Good,
But not too good
To be true to me.
THE ORCHESTRA PLAYS THE WHOLE SONG
Latest News for: Pop guide
Shop Talk: Ed Sheeran's Pop-Up, Whoopi Goldberg Debuts Size-Inclusive Fashion Line
The Hollywood Reporter 12 Jul 2019
The latest guide to shopping in L.A.. Streetwear shop Union pops up at Nordstrom, starry British brands invade Fred Segal, fashion stylist Sara Dinkin's eco-friendly store, and more retail news ... 6 Collaborations Project Pops Up in Mid-Wilshire ... Ed Sheeran pop-up shop, 5416 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles; edsheeran.com/pop-ups....
Listen: From Common to The Raconteurs, here's a playlist of songs by musicians playing in ...
The Seattle Times 11 Jul 2019
Almost every night of the week, Seattle's stages offer a roster of regional indie-folk artists, do-it-yourself punk bands and homegrown comedians, as well as nationally touring pop stars ... This weekly guide can help by filtering for recommended shows, select dates and […] ... ....
Summit County area calendar of events
The Suburbanite 11 Jul 2019
July 12- Join in the fun of Springfield Rocks Summer Concert Series beginning at 7 p.m. at the gazebo at Lakefront Park, 2491 Canfield Road. False Alarm will perform vocal, dance, pop and rock. The concert is free. No animals are allowed except guide dogs, no alcoholic beverages and attendees must have on shoes and a shirt ... ....
15 Pop, Rock and Jazz Concerts to Check Out in N.Y.C. This Weekend
New York Times 11 Jul 2019
Our guide to pop and rock shows and the best of live jazz happening this weekend and in the week ahead ... ....
This coming pop-up lets you watch movies in bed under the stars
Denver Post 11 Jul 2019
Superhero dogs documentary director says narrator Chris Evans is a pup enthusiast Meet a mystical creature this weekend at the Unicorn Festival Mile High Movie Roast's last splash is end of era for B-movie comedy Major Homer, Remington show comes to Denver Art Museum, plus more Colorado arts news Your guide to Denver Pop Culture Con 2019 ... 18)....
A guide to all the zombie cameos in 'The Dead Don't Die'
NME 11 Jul 2019
So many dead, so little timeThe Dead Don't Die ... Jarmusch unabashedly riffs off of George A ... So, to celebrate the film's imminent release, we thought it would be a good idea to deconstruct the greatest zombie cast ever disassembled into this easy-to-follow guide…. Yes, that is zombie Iggy Pop in The Dead Don't Die. Iggy Pop ... ....
Meet the hard working chef behind Charleston's new Filipino pop-up
Charleston City Paper 09 Jul 2019
Being in this environment from a young age gave Cagalanan an understanding of Filipino flavor components, but the chef behind Mansueta's pop-up wouldn't actually start cooking full-time until 2014 ... Yes, that's right, Cagalanan has a full-time job in addition to his pop-up ... "He's been advising me on the business side of operating a pop-up....
Flavors of the Month: Seattle Food & Drink Specials to Try in July 2019
The Stranger 09 Jul 2019
Blueberry specials, like Frankie & Jo's blueberry buckwheat streusel flavor made with Bow Hill Farms blueberries, are popping up all over Seattle ... Pioneer Square's bright, airy cafe and bakery has introduced some scrumptious-looking house-made cherry pop tarts (drizzled with a squiggle of pink icing for full effect) and berry babka French toast....
PeteFest Music Festival Returns to Louisville in September
The Saratogian 09 Jul 2019
... performances by CirqueLouis, wellness booths, cash bars, Louisville's own Mile Wide Brewing Co.'s one-of-a-kind craft beer, activities for all ages such as morning yoga, guided meditation, pop-up games, and free face painting, and unlimited advocacy and educational opportunities....
Over 400 corps members redeploy from Taraba to other states
... her office at the NYSC orientation Camp after the Passing out parade (POP) put the figure at 40- 50� percent. Earlier in her speech at the POP, the state co-ordinator enjoined the corps members to be obedient to all rules guiding the scheme as indiscipline would not be tolerated....
Stranger Things 3 Recaps: Everything You Missed
The Morning Sun 08 Jul 2019
Whether you savored Stranger Things 3 like a fine wine from Enzo's or devoured it like a sundae at Scoops Ahoy, TV Guide is here with comprehensive recaps of each of the Netflix show's eight episodes. Journey with us for all the pop culture references, Mad Men memes, and Nancy worship Stranger Things fans need to tide them ... ....

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Italian Afro-house influence DJ/producer Ambonati & vocalist Neipa's standout single "Sealight" gets two brand new remixes from Moroccan DJ/producer FNX Omar. Kicking things of, Omar opens with his haunting deep and driving remix of the original that will move dance floors internationally with its gorgeous vocal cuts in combo with gorgeous synth programming. Following suit is the instrumental remix of the original.


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Q: HTML PHP form with multiple fields I have a html form with 5 rows and 30 fields. Note the attached image.
I have to capture all of these fields in an array to later convert to a csv file. Each field is labelled at follows: qt1, fa1, en1, et1, ba1, qt2, fa2, etc... Instead of taking each row and adding them to an array in php one at a time is there an easy(ier) way to accomplish this?
I can easily take each row and add them to an array the issue with this i feel would be the speed of the script and the fact that i will have to write 30 lines of array data in the php script.

A: Is this what you are looking for?
<?php
for($i = 0; $i < 30; $i++): ?>
    <input name="qt[<?php echo $i; ?>]"/>
    <input name="fa[<?php echo $i; ?>]"/>
    <input name="en[<?php echo $i; ?>]"/>
    <input name="et[<?php echo $i; ?>]"/>
    <input name="ba[<?php echo $i; ?>]"/>
<?php
endfor;
?>

On the server side, you will receive all this data in your $_POST variable anyways, so it will all be in an array regardless. This has an advantage of saving all your values of the same row with the same index and all the same data types under one array.
Not sure about performance, but code readability and maintenance is alot easier like this.

A: Name the input fields like input[i][j] and you can access them later in php like: $_REQUEST['input'][i][j] as a multidimensional array.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Dangers of Turnkey Data Science
Data science affects our lives from trivial restaurant recommendations to life changing loan risk predictions. Data science has the ability to improve lives, but like any tool, when misused or misunderstood, it can cause damage.
The Dark Decade of Data Science
During the 2010s, some of the greatest minds in data science were working at Facebook. Increasing user engagement was the success metric as it led to more eyeballs on ads. Facebook increased user engagement by surfacing content that kept users on the platform. An artifact of Facebook's approach was that users were not exposed to opposing ideas. This simple concept had horrific outcomes. In 2016 the Rohingya genocide began leading to the deaths of tens of thousands of people in Myanmar. Facebook was largely responsible for spreading and inciting the hatred towards the Rohingya people. Marzuki Darusman, the chairman for the U.N. Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar stated that Facebook played a "determining role" in Myanmar¹.
"It has… substantively contributed to the level of acrimony and dissension and conflict, if you will, within the public. Hate speech is certainly of course a part of that. As far as the Myanmar situation is concerned, social media is Facebook, and Facebook is social media," – Marzuki Darusman.
Facebook has changed some policies but hasn't addressed the root cause. Facebook continues to make short term optimizations with little understanding of long term impacts. Consider notification fatigue:
Again, this is the result of short term data driven decision. More notifications equals more engagement, no matter the relevance. This gambit works until users reach a saturation point.
Calling what we have now artificial intelligence is a little premature. If you ask a human librarian for advice on committing suicide, it's unlikely that they would blindly supply you with stats on techniques.
Searched on 2020-06-14 using guest chrome account and a anon vpn
Data scientists continue to make mistakes with real world consequences. Turnkey data science now lets anyone make those mistakes.
Turnkey Data Science, the New Dark Decade of Data Science
Turnkey data science refers to a suite of new tools developed by Google, AWS, Azure, etc to simplify the adoption of data science techniques. The people building these tools are still making mistakes and the people using these tools don't necessarily understand the risks.
Consider Google Cloud Natural Language API which analyzes sentiment from text. An example use case would be monitoring employee morale without having to read every single feedback form. Google have great tutorials on implementing their natural language processor (NLP) however nowhere in their documentation could I find details about possible bias. So I tested their NLP:
Even small samples revealed statistically significant gender bias.
statistics = 1002.000
p value    = 0.043
avg female sentiment = -0.12
avg male sentiment   = -0.23
Using Mann–Whitney U test, see Jupyter notebook for more details
Bias exists in these tools because the people creating them and the data used to train them is biased. You wouldn't trust a sexist human to help you make objective decisions, so why do we trust sexist bots? Here is another example using Azure's NLP offering.
Female terms
Male terms
Being complicit in a literal genocide wasn't enough to cause substantial change in the Data Science industry. Facebook hired some more human moderators to identify hate speech but ignored the root cause. The root cause was recommendation engines manipulating humans for short term goals, without regard or knowledge of long term effects. But there is hope.
According to the Internet research company Pew Research Center, 62% of adults in the United States get news from social media². Some news outlets have started writing articles for Facebook's accidentally genocidal algorithms instead of humans. The results are continued filter bubbling and more division. Ground News is a news comparison platform solving this problem. Users can see how a particular story is told across the political spectrum and around the world.
Ground News also have a weekly Blindspot email highlighting notability biased articles and how different media outlets describe the same event or person.
At Shopify, I created a defensive patent to identify & remove bias from machine learning models.
I have been working on a Python package to implement the concept.
There are many in the data science community identifying and solving these problems. It's important that the public understand that data models are not inherently objective. And it's imperative that identified issues in data science are resolved at their source. Done right, data science can solve more problems then it creates.
Tags: tag


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Teen tries to buy iPhone off of Facebook, gets robbed in Elmhurst
SUN-TIMES MEDIA WIRE - A teen had cash stolen Monday night during an armed robbery in west suburban Elmhurst while trying to buy an iPhone 7 posted for sale on Facebook.
Officers responded to the 100 block of East North Avenue at 8:14 p.m. to a report of an armed robbery, according to a statement from Elmhurst police.
The 19-year-old victim told officers he responded to a Facebook post offering an iPhone 7 for sale, police said. The teen met with two people who took out a handgun and announced a robbery.
The robbers took the teen's money and then drove away eastbound in a 2006 Chevrolet Astro Van that was reported stolen from Hammond, Indiana, police said.
The robbers were described as two black teens standing between 5-foot-11 and 6-feet tall and wearing black generic hoodies, police said.
Anyone with information should contact the Elmhurst Police Department at (630) 530-3050.
Woman struck by car on Chicago's West Side: police
Crest Hill woman charged with robbery


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text:
Follow Along in Tokyo
Donate to the PVS Team Campaign
August – September Update
September 1, 2018 /in Carousel, News /by Lara Dallman-Weiss
A lot has happened since our last July 21 update. Here is our latest:
Nikki is currently in Miami /Ft. Lauderdale working with the Coast Guard to get her boat crew qualification. Lara is in San Francisco setting up boats and camp for the next month where Nikki will join this Thursday.
Aarhus: We accomplished what we set out to: 1. acquire a solid race boat that we will use for all racing in Europe. 2. Develop our system and routine for racing in general, and for travel outside of the states (which equipment travels back and forth, what tools we need duplicates of, creating our pre and post race jobs, etc.). 3. find training partners.
We wanted better results, absolutely, but had certain moments that built our confidence. The value of racing with 47 boats and having analytics to debrief our speed and tactical decisions was more than we could have imagined. It is clear that racing experience is a must and we will build our spring/summer schedule on this fact.
San Francisco training: We made the decision to spend September in San Francisco to work with a single coach for a longer period of time. Udi Gal is based in San Fran and currently coaches the Peninsula Youth Sailing Foundation. His top world ranking as a 470 sailor was 3rd, he competed at the games twice (2004, 2008), and finished 3rd at three consecutive World Championships, in addition we have heard excellent feedback about his coaching. We will be staying with a host in Belvedere and commuting to Treasure Island Sailing Club where there are 2 470s (both last used in Japan one year ago). We have use of a car, but were recommended a commute by boat will be much faster.
We will sail Monday-Friday with Udi, by ourselves for the first half and then will be joined by Germany 24, the female team that placed 3rd at the 2018 Europeans.
Here is our Schedule for the rest of 2018/ beginning of 2019:
September 1- October 6 San Francisco
October 7- 12 Newport, RI
October 13-14 Oyster Bay, NY (Oakcliff Triple Crown #2)
October 15-19 Newport, RI
October 20-21 Oyster Bay, NY(Oakcliff Triple Crown #3)
November- January Miami, FL
January 27-February 3 Sailing World Cup Miami – qualification for USST
(as a new feature on our website, we are listing the events ahead for us – the schedule is located at the bottom of most pages)
Shortly after taking ownership of the Ziegelmayer in Europe, we found out there is a sister ship in storage in Australia. There will be three events in Japan next summer, one being the 470 world championship and the 2nd Olympic country qualifier, we think having a boat we are accustomed to is a must. Our next big project is to make sure we can purchase and ship this boat to Japan.
Our European boat is in storage in Germany, in a great and trustworthy facility, and is mostly ready to race come spring 2019.
The two boats in the US (the ODP boat and our donated Mackay) are our short term projects. While we are in San Fran, the ODP boat will be getting serviced so it is mostly ready for Oakcliff, we have brought some of the rigging to the west coast so that both Udi and Malcolm can help make sure we are on the right track.
We have been working with Chris Takas to build an inventory of spare parts, and to organize a list of what sails are needed long term and when delivery dates are.
That's all for now, thanks everyone for your support and wisdom before, during, and after the Worlds!
Lara and Nikki
http://perfectvisionsailing.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/37588047_492936661142598_5898766233888620544_n.jpg 480 640 Lara Dallman-Weiss http://perfectvisionsailing.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/perfect_vision_logo_color.png Lara Dallman-Weiss2018-09-01 17:06:392018-09-09 17:08:01August – September Update
Sailing Venues
Our Current Location – Enoshima, Japan!
© 2021 Copyright - Perfect Vision Sailing - PVS
Return from Europe Lara at Richmond Yacht Club


text:
Posted inEducation, News
Tutoring program in honor of dead Malibu student kicks off
by news May 2, 2012 November 10, 2014
MALIBU — Ellen and Michel Shane are looking to the future even as they're dragged into the past.
This week will see the soft opening of a new tutoring service the couple began in memory of their daughter Emily Shane, days after her alleged killer goes to trial for the second time.
Emily, a former Santa Monica-Malibu Unified School District student, was struck by a car and killed while walking down the 29000 block of Pacific Coast Highway in April 2010.
A judge declared a mistrial in February in the case of Sina Khankhanian, the man who prosecutors say was behind the wheel.
"It won't be an easy process to go through, having gone through it already," Ellen Shane said. "I will be very happy when the legal aspect is done, and I hope justice is served."
Since their daughter's death, Michel and Ellen have looked for ways to honor her memory.
The first turned into the website, www.emilyshane.org, home of a "pay it forward" campaign the parents launched with a goal of getting 100 million people to document their good deeds on the site.
Now the couple will launch their second endeavor called Successful Educational Achievement (SEA), which pairs children who have difficulty in the classroom with mentors that can help them grasp material and get organized.
As with the website, Emily inspired the SEA initiative.
When she was in the second grade, her parents and teachers realized that she was having difficulty processing the information she was learning in school.
Eventually, Emily was put on a 504 plan, which gave her more time on tests and larger fonts on written portions.
She was even allowed to type her responses because her handwriting was poor.
Ellen Shane knew that Emily was not alone, and that many parents either don't know their children have a problem or don't have the money to pay for tutors to help them.
"I saw it like a safety net," she said. "Identify these kids, get someone to work with them to help with the subject matter and whatever might be part of their particular issue so they can learn how to work with it and overcome it, as well as get the subject matter down so they can perform better."
The only cost of tutoring: A good deed, documented on their website.
The SMMUSD Board of Education gave its blessing to the proposal in October, and Shane reached out to the district staff and to the Boys & Girls Clubs in Malibu and Santa Monica for help.
Both groups have committed to finding students who need extra academic help, and the Emily Shane Foundation, through its SEA initiative, will provide the tutors.
The program begins officially after the school year begins so that tutors from Pepperdine University can get paid through their work-study programs, but a small pilot project of between five and 10 kids will get rolling at the Boys & Girls Club in Malibu this week.
The club was excited to partner with the foundation on the tutoring project, said Kasey Earnest, executive director of the Boys & Girls Club of Malibu.
"It's something we do already, so it's a perfect partnership," Earnest said.
The foundation helps offset the cost of tutoring, and the club offers its expertise in helping to select tutors and provide space for the students and their new mentors to meet.
The Shanes are also working with the Santa Monica Boys & Girls Club to open up tutoring spaces at their center at John Adams Middle School when the school year begins.
Boys & Girls clubs make great partners because they have the flexibility to take on new projects, unlike school districts which have more restrictions, Earnest said.
The partnership is a good entry point to the Shanes' ultimate goal of spreading the SEA initiative nationwide, something all involved acknowledge is many years in the future.
"I would love to get it into other school districts," Ellen Shane said. "Most middle schools have a Boys & Girls Club affiliation. It makes it a great way to expand."
Helping students help themselves
Butterfly release to support educational achievement
Conviction in murder of Malibu student
Tagged: Malibu, malibu schools


text:
Home Board of Trustees Minutes Board of Trustees minutes, 1935 Jun. 10
Board of Trustees minutes, 1935 Jun. 10
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTSES OF THE TRUSTEES OF PURDUE UNIVERSITY^
Eliza Fowler Hall June 10, 1955
ii NOTICE OF MEETING.
The Board of Tmstees of The Trustees of Purdue University met in Eliza Fowler Hall at 9:50 A. M. Monday June 10, 1935, in accordance with the by¬ laws and in response to the following notice mailed by the Secretaiy to each member of the Board on May 27, 1935:
"In accordance with the provisions of the bylaws, the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees of The Tmstees of Purdue Univer¬ sity will be held in Eliza Fowler Hall at 9:50 A. M. on Monday, June 10, 1955, the d£y preceding Commencement Day."
II. ROLLCALL.
There were present: Mrs. Meredith, Messrs Edgerton, Hall, Hillenbrand, Noel, Simpson, President Ross and the President of the University.
President Elliott stated that Mr. Lilty could not be present, as he was at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, where he would receive the honoraiy degree of Doctor of Science. He also reported that Mr. Kimbrough had been ill for some weeks and was not able to attend the meeting.
President Ross presided and the Secretary acted as secretaiy.
Controller Stewart entered at 10:50 A. M. and sat with the Board during the remainder of the session.
III. APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES.
President Ross announced that the Secretsuy had notified him that all
members of the Board except Mr. Kimbrough* had signed a statement approving
the mimeographed copy of the minutes of the stated meeting held April 17,
1955, except that Mrs. Meredith had called attention to Item XX, regarding
"The Emplcyment of Married Women", which she felt should be extended by a
statement of the action of the Executive Committee, which was not approved by *Mr. Kimbrough's approval of the minutes of the meeting of April 17, 1955 was received on June 11, 1955.
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Title Board of Trustees minutes, 1935 June 10
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Title Board of Trustees minutes, 1935 Jun. 10
Transcript 756 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTSES OF THE TRUSTEES OF PURDUE UNIVERSITY^ Eliza Fowler Hall June 10, 1955 ii NOTICE OF MEETING. The Board of Tmstees of The Trustees of Purdue University met in Eliza Fowler Hall at 9:50 A. M. Monday June 10, 1935, in accordance with the by¬ laws and in response to the following notice mailed by the Secretaiy to each member of the Board on May 27, 1935: "In accordance with the provisions of the bylaws, the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees of The Tmstees of Purdue Univer¬ sity will be held in Eliza Fowler Hall at 9:50 A. M. on Monday, June 10, 1955, the d£y preceding Commencement Day." II. ROLLCALL. There were present: Mrs. Meredith, Messrs Edgerton, Hall, Hillenbrand, Noel, Simpson, President Ross and the President of the University. President Elliott stated that Mr. Lilty could not be present, as he was at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, where he would receive the honoraiy degree of Doctor of Science. He also reported that Mr. Kimbrough had been ill for some weeks and was not able to attend the meeting. President Ross presided and the Secretary acted as secretaiy. Controller Stewart entered at 10:50 A. M. and sat with the Board during the remainder of the session. III. APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES. President Ross announced that the Secretsuy had notified him that all members of the Board except Mr. Kimbrough* had signed a statement approving the mimeographed copy of the minutes of the stated meeting held April 17, 1955, except that Mrs. Meredith had called attention to Item XX, regarding "The Emplcyment of Married Women", which she felt should be extended by a statement of the action of the Executive Committee, which was not approved by *Mr. Kimbrough's approval of the minutes of the meeting of April 17, 1955 was received on June 11, 1955.
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College Choice Factors for Division I Athletes at an Urban University
Mark Vermillion, Wichita State University, and Gerrett Spears, Drake University
Purpose: Recently there has been much research attention focused on the college and university choice factors of potential student-athletes. Kankey and Quarterman (2007) developed a questionnaire, which was tested on Division I softball players, and advocated for more research utilizing different athlete populations to further analyze college and university choice factors among student athletes. As a result, the purpose of this research is to apply Kankey and Quarterman's (2007) questionnaire to one athletic department with student athlete respondents from all sports funded by a Division I athletic department in order to ascertain: What factors are important to these Division I athletes when choosing to attend their present school? Methods: Division I student athletes were surveyed regarding the importance of certain factors influencing their decisions to attend this particular urban-serving institution. Online surveys were solicited through sport programs for volunteers. Student athletes took the online survey, which was used to develop an electronic database for analysis. Surveys with missing or skipped information were discarded leaving a sample of 101 respondents (n=101). Results: Statistical analyses indicate the most important choice factor to be the coaching staff. Other important—and highly rated factors—include personal relationships, financially based reasons, and academics/ career development. The least important factors included media related issues, technology outlets, and past coaches. Conclusion: Hossler and Gallagher's (1987) student choice model is integrated with Symbolic Interactionism in order to understand results. It appears that a variety of factors are important to student athletes, which illustrates the multifaceted identities of student athletes. Applications in Sport: Collegiate sport practitioners and/or coaches working with constrained student development programming and/or recruiting budgets are better able to streamline these processes with a better understanding of student athlete choice factors. Knowing which factors to emphasize during the choice stage of choosing a college/university will better assist urban-serving universities during program development or recruiting.
A sizable proportion of colleges and universities within the United States support athletic opportunities for their respective student bodies (Kankey& Quarterman, 2007). One common notion is those athletic programs supported by colleges/universities are integral to the overall college experience for potential and/or current students. Indeed, Coakley (2007) articulated the common perception that student athletes positively impact universities because sport programs increase student enrollment and revenue generating opportunities. Another potential expense to colleges or universities is the process of bringing those student athletes to campus, which can be a costly venture. Urban serving institutions of higher education tend to have constrained financial resources, which mirror the social inequities of urban public schools (Jordan, 2007). Athletic departments within these institution scan benefit greatly from understanding how to efficiently recruit potential student athletes. Finally, "conducting research regarding college or university choice factors, especially when organized within a social framework,helps both practitioners and academics in understanding the identities of student-athletes by illustrating what is important to them during the recruiting process" (Vermillion, 2010, p. 1). Indeed, previous research identified the need for examining how student athletes view their identities,academic careers, and the factors influencing them to attend specific institutions of higher education. (For example, see Letawsky, Schneider,Pedersen, & Palmer, 2003; Kankey & Quarterman, 2007; Vermillion,2010).
This research focuses exclusively on Division I student athletes in an urban-serving institution and attempts to extend Kankey and Quarterman's(2007) findings regarding factors influencing the university choice of NCAA Division I softball players by utilizing their questionnaire for student athletes of all sports. As a result, the purpose of this project is to readily identify what college or university factors influence Division I student athletes to attend their present urban-serving schools. To accurately ground this project within the previous literature, a brief background discussion of factors influencing the college or university choice of the general student body, student athletes, and sport specific student athletes is summarized.Vermillion (2010) noted the usefulness of amalgamating social theory with other education theories in order to develop a holistic, interdisciplinary framework for discussing college choice factors with student athletes. As a result,Hossler and Gallaher's (1987) model, and Symbolic Interactionism (Blumer,1969) are combined in order to explain or describe not only the data collected,but also the results and recommendations.
There has been a relatively constant stream of college and university choice factors research for the last 50 years (for example, see Astin, 1965, Gorman,1976, Kealey & Rockel, 1987, Lourman & Garman, 1995, and Hu &Hossler, 2000). Summarizing this research, several key college or university choice factors—regarding the general student body—have been identified. These key factors include academic reputation of the institution,friendship influences, proximity to family, financial aid availability, the location of the institution, and program availability. Kankey and Quarterman(2007) noted the increase of research being conducted regarding college or university choice factors as related to student athletes. The emerging line of scholarly inquiry includes, but is not limited to, research regardingwomen's athletics (Nicodemus, 1990), male athletes in general (Fielitz,2001), male, sport-specific athletes (Ulferts, 1992; Kraft & Dickerson,1996), freshmen male athletes (Fortier, 1986), and Division III male athletes and non-athletes (Giese, 1986). Common conclusions from the aforementioned studies and other research indicates the head coach, opportunity for participation, various academic factors and amount of available scholarships are important factors influencing student athletes. However, Letawsky,Schneider, Pedersen, and Palmer (2003) noted while athletic -based factors are important to student athletes' decisions to attend colleges or universities, non-athletic factors also contribute to the decision to attend apresent college or university. To our knowledge, there has been little to no exploration of college choice factors of student athletes in one athletic department with respondent representation of all athletic programs.Additionally, there has been very little research done examining urban-serving institutions and their respective athletic departments. In order to adequately understand college choice factors and urban serving schools' athletics, a theoretical framework is needed to guide not only research questions, but also interpretation of the descriptive statistical results.
The original conceptual framework utilized by Kankey and Quarterman (2007)to organize and represent their data and findings was Hossler and Gallaher's (1987) model. Hossler and Gallaher's model has also been adapted to better understand this research. Specifically, it is a three-stagemodel that identifies and describes the college selection process of individuals and is composed of three stages: predisposition, search, and choice stages. The predisposition stage is the time when students decide if they want to continue into higher education by pursuing colleges or universities, while the search stage encompasses the individual's evaluations of college or universities, which includes large amounts of interaction. Finally, the choice stage focuses on the submission of application to a targeted pool of colleges or universities.Regarding sport, Kankey and Quarterman (2007) focused primarily on the last stage within Hossler and Gallagher's (1987) model, which is when the student athlete develops serious intentions about a select few colleges or universities. The student athlete engages in a cost-benefit analysis in order to determine the positives and negatives of each college or university and attempts to make a sound decision. For student athletes, this stage could encompass not only being recruited, but also critically examining the factors that are the most pertinent to their specific situation and taking official visits. Focusing on the "choice stage" is also salient for this project, which addresses college athletes attending an urban serving institution. Understanding why some student athletes choose to attend one college or university over another competitor is important for understanding student athletes' educational, athletic, and social motivations to attend institutions of higher education.
Vermillion (2010) noted Symbolic Interactionism (SI)—a sociological theory focusing on identity, social interaction, and symbolinterpretation—is easily applied to many areas within the institution of sport. Using a micro level of analysis, SI provides a description or explanation of the constructed reality of spectators, athletes, or coaches(Coakley, 2007). Additionally, Cunningham (2007) noted SI understands how people give meaning to their participation or consumption of daily activities.Recently, SI has been used by a variety of scholars to examine a wide variety of sport-based social dynamics, including student athlete choice factors. Some of this research includes, but is not limited to: understanding sport subcultures and the resulting socialization process of rugby players and rock climbers (Donnelly & Young, 1999); examining the role of athletics in gay or lesbian athletes' lives (Anderson, 2005); explaining the disproportionate lack of women in sport organization leadership positions(Sartore & Cunningham, 2007); understanding how students interpret and consume indigenous sport imagery (Vermillion, Friedrich, & Holtz, 2010); or examining the college choice factors important for influencing community college softball players to attend their current school (Vermillion, 2010).
SI is composed of three basic assumptions. Hughes and Kroehler (2005)summarize Blumer (1969) and Fine (1993) and stated the following theory tenets:1) we interact with things in our social environment based upon shared meanings, 2) these meanings are not inherent, but rather, are social constructions, and 3) shared meanings are in a perpetual state of change and evolution. Interactions and communication within a specific social environment adheres to the aforementioned assumptions and helps to form an individual's "constructed reality," which is an individual's interpretation of the social world and dynamics around them(Eitzen & Sage, 2009). When combined with Hossler and Gallagher's(1987) choice model, we are better able to understand the social psychological processes interacting within the decision to attend or not attend a specific urban -serving institution.
Explaining or describing choice factors important to athletes in urban-serving institutions is important by highlighting the social psychological processes associated with the decision to attend a specific institution of higher education. SI's focus on the "meaning"athletes give to their participation is useful for examining the power the"athlete role" has on not only the identity of the student athlete,but also the decisions that student athlete makes. Stryker (1980) addressed oneof SI's limitations—lack of a focus on social structure (Ritzer,2000)—by combining SI with role theory. This adapted version of SI identifies the importance of social roles within the lives of individuals,which are forms of social structure. Student athletes, for example, have multiple roles that they "play" throughout the day, including being a student, university representative, son/daughter, sibling, friend, and athlete. Examining the social-psychological process of how impactful these roles are upon the individual in question provides practitioners insight into the programs, services, or infrastructures that should be emphasized during the costly process of student athlete recruitment. As previously noted urban-serving, institutions tend to suffer from constrained fiscal environments, which are similar to those constraints faced by urban public schools (Jordan, 2007). SI's usefulness lies in the fact it understands individuals are decision-makers, and provides a structured, analytical way for highlighting how the decisions student athletes make impact not only their social environments (Hughes & Kroehler, 2005), but also the colleges oruniversities they attend (Vermillion, 2010).
This research project is significant in a number of ways. First, there is very little research done examining the choice factors of: 1) all sports (and resulting athletes) in one athletic department, and 2) athletes from an urban-serving institution. The purpose of this research is to address these gaps in the previous literature. Secondly, the research would also be useful to college or university athletic programs. Specifically, the research will help to streamline the recruiting process for many athletic departments—ofsimilar composition—by addressing the most important choice factors for student athletes in these types of schools. As a result, a better and more efficient allocation of recruiting funds may be developed in order to maximize shrinking recruiting budgets. Moreover, this research is particularly timely as athletic departments attempt to build relationships with other university,academic-based programs. If certain academic programs are identified as particularly salient to potential student athletes, then athletic department personnel can work with other academic administrators in order to: 1) bridge the increasing division and distance between academic programs/the campus community and athletic departments, and 2) demonstrate a commitment to a holistic student athlete experience, which includes the social, athletic, and professional/academic development of the student athlete.
Finally, urban-serving institutions, historically, are comprised of student populations that differ from institutions not classified as such. Urban-serving school districts have higher rates of poverty, racial/ethnic diversity, and equalized access to strong community and educational infrastructures (Howey,2008). As Jordan (2007) noted, urban-serving colleges or universities mirror many of the same inequality patterns found in urban, public school districts.As a result, more research is needed in order to understand collegiate athletics within an urban- embedded university context. It can be hypothesized that universities within urban settings—or designated as urban-serving institutions—have athletic departments that must recognize the relatively unique nature of these campus communities, which may manifest itself in unique athletic facilities, programs, and/or recruiting efforts and strategies.
The research question guiding this research was influenced by previous sport-based research centering on college or university choice factors for student athletes. Based upon Hossler and Gallagher's (1987) model, are cognition of the uniqueness of urban-serving institutions of higher education, and utilized in conjunction with SI's theoretical influence,the following research questions is posed: Which college and university choice factors are the most influential for having Division I athletes attend their present urban serving institution? That is, what factors are the most important to Division I student athletes when deciding to attend their present school?
Respondents for the study were selected from the student athlete population of a large, state university located in the southern high plains of the United States. The university is designated as an urban-serving university and is embedded in an urban environment within a predominantly rural state. It is important to note the university is designated as a Division I (formerly known as Division I AAA) by the NCAA. This is the label given to Division I athletic departments that do not fund or field football teams. As a result, the potential survey population is slightly smaller as compared to FBS (FootballBowl Subdivision) or FCS (Football Championship Series) athletic departments,formerly known as Division I A and Division I AA respectively. Surveys we readministered as online surveys and once surveys were completed, responses were automatically entered into a spreadsheet, which was imported into SPSS 17.0 in order to develop an electronic database. Surveys with missing (skipped)questions or ambiguous answers were discarded and not included in the database.While not all student athletes responded fully, there was representation of all athletic programs administered by the athletic department at the time of data collection. After data collection a total of 101 usable surveys were included in the analysis (n=101).
In order to determine the demographics of the respondents, basic questions were asked to determine gender, academic status (freshman, sophomore, junior,and senior), country of origin, race or ethnicity and sport they participated in. The resulting sample included more females than males (65% vs. 35%) and was composed of freshmen (23.2%), sophomores (30.3%), juniors (29.3%), and seniors(17.2%). The majority of respondents listed white as their race/ ethnicity(64.6%) or African-American/Black (30.2%) and their country of origin as the United State (84.5%). Finally, table 1 illustrates the percent of respondents based upon sport.
Percent of respondents by sport categories (n=101).
Sport Percent (%) N
Baseball 9.1 9
Softball 6.1 6
Women's Basketball 10.1 10
Men's Basketball 5.1 5
Volleyball 10.1 10
Men's track 11.1 11
Women's track 24.2 24
Men's golf 4 4
Women's golf 3 3
Women's tennis 4 4
Men's tennis 4 4
Cross Country 9.1 9
The data collection survey consisted of the aforementioned five demographic questions and college choice factors used by Kankey and Quarterman (2007). Permission was obtained by the primary researcher to use the Kankey and Quarterman factor list for additional research and was adapted to this research focusing on Division I student athletes. The possible answer choices regarding the importance of the college choice factors included "extremely important," "very important," "moderately important," "slightly important," and"unimportant," which were numerically coded with "extremely important" rating a five (5) while "unimportant" was rated as one (1). As a result, the higher the rating, the more important the college choice factor was to the student athlete.
Student athletes were asked by their coaches or athletic program administrators to complete the online survey. Additional follow-up contacts were made to specific programs to ensure that there was student athlete representation from all sponsored sports in the athletic department. Informed consent was done electronically with the disclaimer attached to the electronic version of the survey. Student athlete participation was not mandatory, but it was encouraged. All results are not simply confidential, but also anonymous because a detailed respondent record cannot be tracked or charted in the current electronic database. Surveys were taken by student athletes while coaches and staff were not present to avoid any influence or tainting of respondent self-reports. The gathered statistical information was shared with the athletic department in addition to being used for this research. Electronic survey information, which was saved in spreadsheet format, was imported into SPSS 17.0 for data analysis.
In keeping with Kankey and Quarterman (2007) a descriptive analysis is used to initially describe and identify the college choice factors associated with Division I athletes attending urban-serving institutions. Regarding the research question (what factors are the most important to Division I student athletes when deciding to attend their present school?), initial univariate responses indicate that 87% of the factors presented in this research were at or above the midpoint of the scale (M= 3.00). In addition, almost half of the factors (15 out of 32, or almost 47%) had means over 4.00 with over 70% of respondents rating these factors as 'extremely' or 'very important' to their choice to attend this urban-serving university. The seven most highly rated factors, which had mean scale scores at or above 4.25,included coaching staff (M=4.68, SD=0.66); amount of financial aid or scholarship offered (M=4.47, SD=078); support services offered to studentathletes (e.g. study hall, tutors, etc…)(M=4.44, SD= 0.74); availability of resources (money, equipment, etc…)(M=4.31, SD=0.75); opportunity to win conference or national championship (M=4.27, SD=0.83); availability of major (M= 4.25, SD=0.94); and social atmosphere of team (M=4.25, SD= 0.88). See table 2.
The means of only three factors were rated below the scale midpoint. These factors included amount of media coverage (M=2.96, SD=1.94); high school coach(M=2.87, SD= 1.44); and team's website, Facebook, Twitter (M=2.66, SD=1.21). Only about 30% of the respondents rated these three factors as'extremely' or 'very important' in their decision to attend this particular urban-serving institution and participate in athletics.See table 2.
Mean, Standard Deviation, and Percent (%) of Factor Choices Influencing Division I Student Athletes to attend their Urban-serving Institution(n=101).
Factor Mean SD % rated extremely or very important
Coaching staff 4.68 0.66 94%
Amt of financial aid/scholarship offered 4.47 0.78 86.2%
Support services offered to student athletes (e.g. study hall, tutors, etc…) 4.44 0.74 89.1%
Availability of resources (e.g. money, equipment, etc…) 4.31 0.75 85.1%
Opportunity to win conference or national championship 4.27 0.83 83.2%
Availability of anticipated major 4.25 0.94 84.2%
Social atmosphere of team 4.25 0.88 81.2%
Athletic facilities 4.21 0.83 83.2%
Career opportunities after graduation 4.20 0.95 78.2%
Team's competitive schedule 4.20 0.80 84.2%
Meeting team's members 4.12 0.98 74.2%
Amt of playing time 4.10 1.02 77.3%
Overall reputation of the college/university 4.10 0.90 80.2%
Academic reputation of the college/university 4.10 1.00 71.2%
Team's overall win/loss record 4.03 0.86 73.3%
Team's tradition 3.89 0.85 68.3%
Location of university 3.86 1.04 66.4%
Opportunity to play immediately 3.82 1.08 59.4%
Conference affiliation of team 3.82 0.96 61.4%
Cost of college/university 3.76 1.26 64.3%
My parents 3.76 1.37 59.5%
Housing 3.66 1.04 57.5%
Campus visit 3.64 1.13 62.4%
Fan support of the team 3.60 1.12 52.5%
Social life at the university 3.54 1.13 51.5%
Campus life at college/university 3.53 1.01 48.5%
My friends 3.26 1.39 46.5%
Size of the college/university 3.24 1.10 39.6%
Team sponsorships (e.g. Nike, Adidas, UnderArmor) 3.24 1.39 42.5%
Amt of media coverage 2.96 1.24 30.7%
High school coach 2.87 1.44 37.6%
Team's website, Facebook, Twitter 2.26 1.21 34.7%
The purpose of this research was to identify the college choice factors mostsalient to Division I athletes attending urban-serving institutions. Table 2highlights the factors that were most readily identified by these studentathletes as impactful and relates to Hossler and Gallagher's (1987)choice stage. Using symbolic interactionism (SI)—a social psychologicaltheory examining how sports are related to peoples' choices and identities—may be beneficial for understanding the most and leastimportant factors for student athletes (Vermillion, 2010). As reported bystudent athletes, there are many factors that go into the choice to attend this particular urban-serving institution. Personal or social relationships (e.g.coaching staff, social atmosphere of team), career goals (e.g. support services, availability of major, career opportunities after graduation),finances (e.g. amount of financial aid/scholarship offered), and program success (e.g. opportunity to win conference or national championship) wereself-reported as influencing their decisions. Conversely, media coverage,technology outlets (e.g. website, Facebook, and Twitter), and previous headcoach had little to no impact upon their ultimate decision to attend thisuniversity.
These categories of factors illustrate how multi-faceted student athletes are regarding both their personal and athletic identities. Specifically, SI notes sports are important to an individual's identity; with this information both academics and collegiate sport practitioners are able tobetter understand motives of student athletes when choosing colleges/universities and athletic departments/programs. In keeping with much previous research (e.g. Kankey & Quarterman, 2007), the importance of relationships—especially with coaches—tops the list of college choice factors. Indeed, Seifried (2006) noted the importance—on manylevels—of coaches within the lives of student athletes. Although the importance of "coaches" is not unexpected, additional results reveal the highly variegated nature of student athletes' perceptions of themselves.
Athletic-related reasons, such as opportunity to win a conference ornational championships or the availability of resources, are still factors influencing the student athletes in this sample. However, Letawsky et al.(2003) noted the importance of non-athletic factors in deciding on a college/university. Regarding this sample, non-athletic factors appear salient,as well. For example, financial reasons (e.g. financial aid/scholarships) andpreparation for a professional career after sports (e.g. availability of major,support services offered to student athletes, and career opportunities after graduation) all had mean scores above 4.00, with almost 80% of respondents listing these non-athletic factors as 'extremely' or 'very important' in relationship to their decision to attend their urban-serving university.
Interpreting these findings from an SI framework would focus on the lack of role homogeneity within the sample. That is, these student athletes appear to"see" themselves as having multiple roles, which relates to amultifaceted or holistic identity. As a result, this research is in alignment with Letawsky et al.'s (2003) conclusions that non-athletic factors are important to student athletes, while simultaneously acknowledging that winning and athletic success is important to student athletes. Both of these models,i.e. student athlete development and performance and success, can be promoted effectively during recruiting processes.
The purpose of this research was to identify the most important college choice factors regarding Division I student athletes attending urban-serving institutions. Utilizing the college choice factors identified by Kankey and Quarterman (2007) and their analysis as a guide, student athletes were surveyedin an attempt to better understand their motives for attending an urban-serving institution. The research contributes to not only academic scholarship, but also advocates for the integration of social theory into athletic department data management strategies and recruiting. Streamlining the recruiting processis important in a collegiate athletic climate that is fiscally constrained and extremely competitive, especially at the Division I, FBS, and FCS levels.Smaller, less visible sports and/or athletic departments must find ways to become more efficient with student athlete recruitment. Additionally,common sensical or popular notions of funneling money into newer athletic facilities and media or technological outlets do not appear productive for all levels of collegiate sport; they are not a panacea for recruiting barriers nordo they automatically translate into traditional definitions of success. While these highly popular endeavors are important to maintaining a visible athletic department profile, this research hypothesizes—based upon the aforementioned results—they should not be viewed as the most productive recruiting tools. This research has identified how multifaceted student athletes may very well be, and that a commitment to a holistic student development model may be an efficient recruiting tool for student athletes,especially within Division I, urban-serving universities.
Limitations & future research
As with any research, there are limitations that should be identified.Firstly, the university student athlete population that was surveyed did notinclude a football team, which not only decreased the number of potentialsurvey respondents, but also limits the generalizability of the results. Additionally, using a Division I athletic department also decreases thegeneralizability of the research. Future research should extend the college choice factor scales to include FBS and FCS schools. Focusing on urban-serving institutions is a productive endeavor, but more research needs to be doneinvolving the athletic departments in these types of colleges/universities.According the Coalition of Urban Serving Universities, there are almost 50 nationally recognized urban-serving schools (Great cities, great universities,n.d.), many of which fund athletic programs.
Another limitation involves extrapolating group level summaries (such asmeans of college choice factors) to the individualistic level. SI recognizes the importance of group dynamics upon the individual. However, recruiting and the decision to attend one particular university is a decision that ultimately comes down to a single person, as evidenced in Hossler and Gallagher's(1987) model, which focuses on the individualistic decision. Student athlete recruitment is a dynamic social psychological process that appears to be acombination of many factors. Sole reliance upon the factors identified in this research would be a disservice to not only collegiate sport practitioners, butalso the recruited student athletes.
Division I student athletes see themselves as more than solely athletes;they have many "roles" to play throughout a given day, week,semester, or season. These roles include, but are not limited to: the athleterole (wanting program success), the social role with others (coachrelationships and social atmosphere of the team), and the student role(focusing on academics and preparing for a professional career after sports).It is important for collegiate sport practitioners involved in recruiting torealize that funneling resources exclusively into media/technology outlets orfacilities does not appear to be efficient or productive recruiting tools. Instead, these practitioners during recruiting efforts should focus on:programs for student success, professional preparation opportunities,highlighting the social and personal relationships within their athletic department/program, and programmatic success. The aforementioned focal pointsillustrate not only holistic student athlete development but also present athletic departments an opportunity for increasing campus wide collaborative efforts.
Of particular importance to urban-serving universities and athleticadministrators, the factor "location of the university" had a meanof 3.86 (midpoint of scale, M=3.00) with over 66% of respondents indicating itwas 'extremely' or 'very important' to them. It could be interpreted—cautiously, of course—that the stigma of the urban environment education as a disadvantage is unfounded and that, to some studentsor majors, the urban-serving mission and context could be perceived as a unique advantage.
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U.S. Sports Academy2016-04-01T09:11:40-05:00November 29th, 2012|Contemporary Sports Issues, Sports Facilities, Sports Management, Sports Studies and Sports Psychology|Comments Off on College Choice Factors for Division I Athletes at an Urban University


Multiple bomb blasts occurred in three locations in Maduguri, Borno state capital at the early hours of today.
The blasts, masterminded by suicide bombers, left about three persons dead and several others wounded.
According to a statement by the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) Head of Media and Public Relations, Sani Datti, it occurred in three locations around Muna Garage area of Maiduguri metropolis, at about 4 am today.
According to him, the first location is in Muna Kumbori an unofficial host community camp housing 199 Internally Displaced Persons and attacked by three suicide bombers which led to the death of two persons.
The second location is in Muna Dagalti which was attacked by a suicide bomber killing one person.
The third location is Muna Bulaya, attacked by suicide bomber as the only casualty.
A total of five adult male suicide bombers were involved in the incidents killing three persons and injuring 20 persons.


text:
Marco Milano (23. julij 1961), priljubljen italijanski komični igralec in kabaretist. Slika:

Leta 1985 ga je v neki diskoteki odkril Claudio Cecchetto (tv voditelj in disc jockey) in tako je postal popularen v programih Mediaseta: Nikoli ne reci... (Mai dire...) z vzdevkom Mandi Mandi.

S svojim originalnim humorjem nastopa tudi po drugih italijanskih televizijah, večkrat pa je sodeloval skupaj z zelo znanim in priljubljenim Teom Teocoli-jem.

Živeči ljudje
Italijanski komiki
Italijani v 20. stoletju
Italijani v 21. stoletju

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Azerbaijan Ujar
The land is totally white here. Those who see it for the first time think it is snow. But they are wrong, because it is actually saline land, in other words, salt. Because of the salt, the land has changed its color and has become encrusted. As you touch the soil, it crumbles like sand. As soon as it rains, you are in mud up to your knees. If you soil your clothes, it takes a long time to clean them. One of the most remarkable pages in the history of the district is that the famous 416th Taganrog division was set up here during World War II. A memorial has been built in honor of the fighters of that division. Located below sea level on the Shirvan plain, Ujar hosts no historical-natural monuments or other artifacts that would attract tourists.
Shirvan plain
A story about the Shirvan plain, which is situated on the left of the Kura-Aras plain and the Kura River between the Mingachevir water reservoir and the Caspian Sea, says that after Alexander the Great conquered the whole world, he arrived here in order to take control of Shirvan. At that time, the ruler of Shirvan and all her servants were women. Alexander demanded that they pay a tax without bloodshed. The female ruler refused to pay a tax to the conqueror who threatened her. Alexander's soldiers were killed in a battle. On seeing this, Alexander sent a message, saying that one fighter should come to the battlefield from both sides. The winner will have the final say. The female ruler herself decided to fight Alexander and defeated him in this duel. Alexander surrendered and left Shirvan with his troops. They say that since then, this area has been called Shirvan because that ruler fought like a lion (shir). That's to say Shirvan is a land of those who fight like a lion.
The distance between Baku and Ujar is 234 km. The district, located at the junction of the Baku-Ganja and Goychay-Baku roads, is bisected by a railroad. The railway played a major role in its establishment as a district in 1939. Until that date, it was subordinate to Goychay. It is an agricultural district. Cotton-growing takes center stage here. There are tuqay forests in the district. Vegetation is typical of plains and semi-deserts. The district has a climate typical of semi-deserts and dry steppes. Summers are extremely hot here. The liquorice, which is a medicinal plant, plays the main role in Ujar's flora. The liquorice is picked and exported from the district. The Goychay, Turyanchay and Silyan rivers are flowing through the district.
Silyan River
The river flows through Ujar and the Shirvan plain and is widely used for irrigation. It has received its name from that of a Turkic-speaking tribe. Researchers link these tribes to the Seljuk Oghuz tribes that migrated to the South Caucasus in the 11th century. This tribe is called Shiryan in sources. In Goychay, there is a lake called Silya. According to historical sources, the Shiryan Turkic tribes belong to Qayi tribes, a branch of the White Huns living in Western Turkestan.
Place-name
In the Middle Ages, there were regions called Ujar or Uchar in Anatolia and Southern Azerbaijan. This ethnic place-name means a place inhabited by Ujs or a village belonging to Ujs. After assessing many meanings in Turkic languages, the place-name was interpreted as "tall, clean and brave man". According to another theory, the oikonym Ujar is related to the name of Uj lands handed over to some military chiefs by Seljuk sultans for their exemplary military service in distant regions.
Qazyan village
The village is located 10 km south of the Ujar district center, on the edge of the Ujar-Zardab road and on the Shirvan plain. It is regarded as the oldest and largest village in Ujar. It is said that the village was handed over to the South Caucasus Sheikh ul-Islam Mirfattah by the tsarist government in the early 20th century. The place-name should in fact be Qazian-Qailar, which means a winner or a conqueror in Arabic. In the Dada Qorqud epic, it is used as qazi-aran, which means "a brave man or hero". Under Safavid rule, the word qazi meant a fighter or follower of a denomination, and they were given great privileges. Among the Qizilbash tribes, there was a tribe called Qaziyan. Places called Qazyan, which exist on the territory of Azerbaijan, are related to the name of this tribe. The place-name is derived from the name of the Kazan Turkic tribe, one of the ancient Bulgar tribes of Turkic origin.
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The way you use light in your paintings can make or break the final result. It is pretty obvious that if a scene has no light, we can't see it. Yet, if there is too much light we are blinded by it. How do we then ensure that our paintings have enough light?
1) The time of day.
2) The direction of the light.
3) Natural or artificial lighting.
Let's look at these a little closer.
You can look at the same scene from exactly the same position throughout the day and the scene will appear different. To test this, set-up a camera in your garden. Take a photo early morning, midday and late afternoon. If you compare these photos you will see that the morning photo is more hazy, i.e., the contrast between light and dark colours is reduced. The midday photo has very bright and very dark colours. The late afternoon photo will have more darker colours with some brilliant light streaming through the photo here and there.
Also note how the shadows change - look at their shapes, colour, darkness, length and direction.
Of all the lighting aspects we need to consider in a painting, the direction is the most important. If you are looking at someone's painting and it is beautiful, but something doesn't look right - check the direction the light is coming from on the individual objects in the painting. More often than not some objects will have their light from the wrong direction. It is amazing how many artists forget this, especially when painting outdoors. The light in your painting must always come from the same direction. Even if you are painting a still life with multiple light sources. There must always be one light source that is stronger than the rest. If you don't do this, you are eliminating your shadows and the painting will look flat. Remember - you can't have bright lights without dark shadows. This is why a sunset is so dramatic. You have huge contrasts between the few brilliant beams of light and the deep shadows. This makes the light appear brighter and shadows appear darker.
Whether you light source is the sun (natural) or a globe (artificial) will have a definite impact on the colours you use in your painting. This is true for not only the highlights, but also the shadows. Natural light is cooler and bluer than artificial light, which is warmer and yellower.
Ambient lighting is the general lightness and colour of the scene. To explain this let's assume you are painting a still life. You have set everything up with a spotlight from one side for dramatic effect. If you were to paint say the top or left half of the painting in the morning, cover that half up so that you can't see it, then paint the other half at night, you will be amazed at the difference in colour. The half you painted at night will have brighter highlights and darker shadows. The reason for this is that you had less ambient light at night than during the day because the sun isn't adding to the 'lightness' in the room so the spotlight had seemed brighter. You can also vary the ambient light's colour to create different moods in your still life. Simply add another, dimmer light. This light can be from another angle or the same angle as the spotlight. Instead of a 'white' light, experiment with different colour globes and you will see a dramatic change in the mood of the same scene. It is the ambient lighting , or overall colour, of the scene that you have changed.
Reflected light is probably the most forgotten and under used effect in painting, yet it can transform a good painting into a stunning one. The most obvious place to see the effects of reflected light is in a still life. If you put a bunch of grapes on the table you will notice that near the 'underside' of the grapes they become lighter. This is because light bounces off the table and hits the 'underside' of the grapes. You don't however only see reflected light in a still life. Light can reflect off a building, making the tree next to it appear brighter on the side nearest the building than the trees farther away from the building. Light can reflect off a person's shirt making the underside of the chin appear lighter and often even taking on a colour similar to that of the shirt. The key to painting reflected light is in observing your subject carefully and purposefully to see where the reflected 'lights' are.
Without light we would have nothing to see or paint. Work hard to increase the effect of light streaming through your paintings and you will see your art come alive.
WOW...this should be mandatory reading at the beginning of every art course! I now believe I wasn't meant to upload my picture just yet. Armed with this bit of inspiration I am going to have one more go at the shadow. Brilliant!
Kelley, have you read this?
Thanks for pointing this out, Val. I complete forgot about this. I was trying to read as much as I could all at once when I first came on board, but I am finding myself re-read a lot because it didn't make sense at the time or I forgot what I've learned. I need to find a way to highlight, store to favorites or something. This is an excellent find and I am in complete agreement with you that everyone should read this.
Hey, so you're going to do a little more shadowing? How do you improve on perfect?


The Electronic Communications Tribunal (ECT) yesterday began hearing details of a petition put before it by the Mobile Network Operators ( MNOs) in the country over the GH34 million fine imposed on them by the National Communications Authority (NCA).
The fine, which the MNOs had earlier described as too heavy, was slapped on them for what the regulator claimed to be the result of various infractions in their (MNOs) license conditions.
Although the hearings were held behind closed doors, sources said the meeting on Monday basically allowed each player to make its preliminary statements on the fine.
They are also expected to defend their case while the NCA will also be given the opportunity to state its case.
The hearings are expected to continue next week. It is not clear when the hearings will be over but a source said, it will be dependent on how proceedings go.
The NCA regularly undertakes QoS monitoring to determine MNOs compliance with their license conditions and to ensure that consumers receive the quality service they pay for.
The monitoring enabled the authority to determine the MNOs which were unable to meet their License Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in some district capitals with regards to QoS; Obligations for Coverage, Data, Voice and Speech Quality.
It said as had been the practice, the NCA subsequently held reconciliation meetings with all four mobile network operators and they were given three months ending, August 21, 2018, to cure the infractions detected.
Consistently, the MNOs, on the other hand, had complained about some of the disruptions caused through fibre cuts by some road contractors all over the country and cable theft among other things and noted that "we do not intend under any circumstances to disrupt services to our customers".


Bring back the 1970's with the black shag steering wheel cover from Bell. It slips on easily to just about any steering wheel and provides comfort and protection from extreme hot and cold temperatures. Groovy!


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Sunday Spinelessness – Throwing pesky males off the scent
By David Winter • 19/09/2010 This post was syndicated from The Atavism - View original source
We often think about evolution as a competition, but it's not always clear who the competitors are. While popular accounts of evolution often talk about species competing for survival, Darwin saw evolutionary change as the result of individual's struggle for existence and Richard Dawkins recast individuals as proxies in a battle between genes. A new paper from Kerstin Johannesson and her colleagues at the University of Gothenburg highlights another ongoing competition which explains a good deal of biology: the battle of the sexes.
In sexually reproducing species, the costs of making the next generation often fall unevenly on males and females. Take the rough periwinkle, Littorina saxatilis for an example.
Periwinkles are snails that live in the harsh zone between the sea and the shore on rocky beaches. Life in the inter-tidal means a periwinkle can expect to spent some if its day underwater, some high and dry, and be buffeted by waves the rest of the time. Female L. saxatilis have tweaked the typical marine snail lifecycle in response to their harsh habitats. Instead of laying a lot of eggs which hatch as tiny swimming plankton, L. saxatilis females retain a relatively few eggs within their shells. Safely stowed by their mothers, the young snails can develop to such a size that they are able to look after themselves once they hatch. Which is all well and good, but the maternal care displayed by these periwinkles means males have very different interests than females when it comes to mating. From a male's point of view more is always better, since every mating will increase the number of offspring he will sire. For females it's a different story, they can only retain so many eggs so only need so many matings to maximise the number of offspring they will produce.
In my little sketch of this sexual conflict I've suggested females actually decrease the number of offspring they produce with each mating after some optimal point. That's with good reason, as mating almost always comes at some cost. The examples from species with sexual conflicts can be gruesome; male bedbugs exclusively inseminate females by puncturing their abdomen with a hypodermic penis, some male water striders will attract the attention of predators unitl would-be mates yield to their advances, and ducks, well, Carl Zimmer has said enough about the ducks. There doesn't seem to be anything quite as unsavoury going on with these snails, but Joannesson and colleagues were able to show mating still comes at a cost. Inter-tidal creatures are always at risk of being washed off their rocks. Enough rough periwinkle lives have been lost to the waves that all around the world L. saxatilis populations have evolved into two distinct morphological types, a form with a large muscular foot capable of tightly gripping rocks dominates low on the shore while a less muscular form lives higher on the beach. Since a mating couple presents twice as much surface area to an incoming wave, you might expect mating increases the chance a periwinkle gets swept from the rocks. To test this idea researchers got crafty. Literally. They broke out the hot glue guns and stuck empty shells on to females and saw what happened. They showed that periwinkles sporting an extra shell were more likely to fall off a platform dragged underwater in a laboratory tank and less likely to survive in the wild.
L. saxatilis populations are often very dense (around 200 snails per square metre in this study) so females don't have to go out of their way to provision their eggs with sperm and, given the cost of mating, it's in their interest to dissuade males as much as possible. So how do they do it? In general, snails seek out other snails by following chemical cues in the trail of mucous they leave behind them. Periwinkles males in particular have been shown to follow female trails when they are on the lookout for a mate, so there must be some clue in the mucous that marks it as belonging to a female. To see how L. saxatilis males do at finding females the researchers collected populations of this species, and three other periwinkle species that live in much sparser populations on Swedish beaches. They then filmed these captive snails moving about in the laboratory and totaled up this distance each male covered in following female and male trails. By comparing L. saxatilis males' tracking ability with males from these other species the researchers could isolate the effects of the sexual conflict in L. saxatalis . These other species have sparser populations and different mating systems, which mean females are less likely to achieve the optimal number of matings and sexual conflict is less likely to arise. Here's what they found.
Each point in these charts is the result recorded from one male, the position of the point depends on this distance he covered following male trails (the y- or vertical axis) and the distance covered following female trails (the x- or horizontal axis). So, in the first chart the majority of males spend the majority of their time following female trails and one crawled to the beat of his own drum and followed male trails to the tune of 400 millimetres without showing the slightest interest in females at all. The same overall patter, males following female trails significantly more often than male trails, is repeated in each of the other species (charts 'a' through 'c') but not in L. saxatilis. Male L. saxatilis don't seem to be able to pick male and female trails, even when a different population was subjected to the test (so it's not a local effect in the Swedish snails) and when they were given an hour to get sniffing. So what's going on? Are females deliberately putting pesky males of their scent, or do males in such a densely packed species just not have to bother with tracking females? As the authors point out, the latter seems unlikely since the males' inability to pick female trails leads to an unusually large number of male-male couplings in the wild. Time spent tracking and mounting a male is time that could be spent in search of a female. So, even in a dense population, it's in a males' interest to be able to tell the difference between male and female trails. To put it to the test, the researchers ran one more test. This time the L. saxatilis males were observed among females from another species (the flat periwinkle L . fabalis). In this test, even with the species gap, the L. saxatilis males have no trouble picking out females:
So, given the chance, L. saxatilis males can find female trails but it seems female L. saxatilis aren't giving them the chance. By smelling like males these females reduce the burden of unwanted matings and frequently set males up on accidental male-male couplings
Johannesson, K., Saltin, S., Duranovic, I., Havenhand, J., & Jonsson, P. (2010). Indiscriminate Males: Mating Behaviour of a Marine Snail Compromised by a Sexual Conflict? PLoS ONE, 5 (8) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012005
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The Atavism is the blog of Dr David Winter, an expert in evolutionary genetics who has departed to the US to further his research.