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SOCIETIES, POLITICS, POWER, AND CONFLICT
Angelena Iglesia 9 months ago
SOCIETIES, POLITICS, POWER, AND CONFLICT Volume 2 Expanded Contents Chapters 1. Introduction and Summary2. The Concept of Field3. Reality and the Intentional Field4. Freedom and Intentional Humanism5. Perceiving Another6. Intentions, Attitudes, and Interests7. Perceiving and Behaving8. Behavior9. Social Behavior and Interaction10. Types of Social Interaction11. The Equation of Social Behavior12. […]
Expanded Contents
1. Introduction and Summary
2. The Concept of Field
3. Reality and the Intentional Field
4. Freedom and Intentional Humanism
5. Perceiving Another
6. Intentions, Attitudes, and Interests
7. Perceiving and Behaving
8. Behavior
9. Social Behavior and Interaction
10. Types of Social Interaction
11. The Equation of Social Behavior
12. The Transition to a Sociocultural Field
13. The Sociocultural Space
14. The Field of Social Forces
15. The Sociocultural Field
16. Distances
17. Status Distance
18. Status Distance and Behavior
19. The Fundamental Nature of Power
20. Social Power
21. The Family of Power
22. Social Fields and Antifields
23. Groups and Antifields
24. Class
25. Social Class And the Class-Literature
26. Conflict
27. Conflict in the Sociocultural Field
28. The Elements of Social Conflict
29. The Process of Conflict
30. Social Fields and Types of Societies
31. The State and Political System
33. Societies in Empirical Perspective
34. Testing for the Existence of Exchange, Authoritative, and Coercive Societies
35. Is Conflict Manifest as Theorized?
Other Volumes
Vol. 1: The Dynamic Psychological Field
Vol. 3: Conflict In Perspective
Vol. 4: War, Power, Peace
Vol. 5: The Just Peace
Other Related Work
The Conflict Helix: Principles and Practices…
Conflict And Violence page
Democratic Peace page
UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT
AND WAR: VOL. 2:
THE CONFLICT HELIX
Societies, Politics,
Conflict*
By R.J. Rummel
The use of force alone is but temporary. It may subdue for a moment; but it does not remove the necessity of subduing again: and a nation is not governed, which is perpetually to be conquered
—- Edmund Burke, "The Thirteen Resolutions," Second Speech on Conciliation with America
The conflict helix is a process of conflict which originates in the sociocultural space of meanings, values, norms, status, and class. It is at one time a structure, the opposition of attitudes, at another a situation, the opposition and awareness of different interests. It may be latent until the will initiates action, or resolved through abnegation or resignation of interests. Or it may be manifest as opposing interests strive to overcome and balance each other. In any case, conflict eventuates in a balance of interests, capabilities, and wills–in a structure of expectations enabling solidary and contractual interactions, producing order, and ensuring correct social predictions. But eventually such structures and changes in the underlying balance become incongruent, leading to disruption by some trigger event. A new process of conflict then ensues, resolving in a new balance that is built on the previous ones.
Thus is the conflict helix. All societies are the outcome of such a conflict process, all consist of structures of expectations, all are built on multiple and overlapping balances of powers among individuals. What general conclusions can we then draw for societal level conflict and violence?
32.1 MANIFEST CONFLICT IS RANDOM
Societies comprise a general structure of expectations, which is divided into many different structures, some overlapping, some nested, some independent. Religion, family culture, educational institutions, economic and political systems are such different structures. Each is formed through conflict and may be disrupted through conflict. Moreover, each is itself a complex of substructures of expectations, some being formed or dissolved (as in an East Coast shipping strike
within the maritime substructure, which is within the transportation substructure, which is within the economic structure). Thus, conflict and violence may occur in any structure at any level; it may be absent from any structure at any level. Such has been our experience. As social animals we find conflict in the home, in our church, in our job, in our club. But we also find periods of accord, harmony, order.
Structures of expectations may be general sets of understandings and behavior which remain fairly stable while substructures are being formed. Thus, the balance of powers constituting the American political system held firm during the subordinate power struggle called Watergate, which resulted in a new subbalance symbolized in Nixon's resignation and the swearing in of Ford as the new President of the United States. Manifest conflicts can occur randomly with regard to general structures of expectations, in that they involve at separate times separate substructures.
Moreover, conflict is specific to a particular structure of expectations (as a riot over food distribution procedures or tax collections). Its manifest occurrence, however, is a function of the proper trigger event. Trigger events, from the perspective of a specific structure of expectations, are random events (as the arrest of a black by a white policeman may spark a neighborhood riot).1
Their probability of occurrence depends on the gap between the structure and the underlying balance (Section 29.5 of Chapter 29), but their actual occurrence at a specific time is in general unpredictable.2
Finally, when we consider conflict manifestations for society as a whole, in fact, we are aggregating many different manifestations for many different structures of expectations. Thus, a large number of riots for the United States will reflect the process of disruption and formation of a variety of structures of expectations. Some structures may be similar, such as the racial, social, and political structures in large and separate Northern urban areas, but many riots will relate to quite different structures (as concerning the military draft, industrial anti-strike activities, or anti-religious textbooks in primary schools). The aggregation of conflict data for a society randomizes manifest conflict in a society with respect to any specific structure of expectations. This is true also for aggregate conflict manifestations across societies.
32.2 CHANGE PRODUCES CONFLICT
Societies and their environment are always changing, whether expectations are in a state of harmony or disruption. Most crucial to the probability of conflict is that change influencing and affecting the interests, capabilities, or wills underlying a structure of expectations. Change in technology, economic development, education, communications, and so on can intensify and alter interests, produce differences in capability, and enhance or weaken will. They widen the gap between these elements and expectations, and
increase the likelihood that some trigger will disrupt its structure. Simply put, change in the premises of a structure of expectations increases the probability of conflict. Change which alters power relationships promotes conflict.
A balance of powers may be altered without manifest conflict. No trigger event may have disrupted the structure of expectations, or the structure may be sufficiently integrated to withstand considerable imbalance or shocks. However, if change continues, eventually even small events can cause participants to reorder the status quo. There is no one to one relationship between change and manifest conflict, only a probabilistic one. And this relationship depends on what is changing.
There are three kinds of change of interest. The first is in the type of society. A transformation from traditional to exchange societies, or from traditional to coercive, vastly alters the configuration of power across society–the very basis of power and the central status quo of society. This is then the period of greatest conflict and violence for societies as their individuals reorder their statuses and class memberships.
Shifts in type of society also produce different values, meanings, and norms, a different culture. Basic philosophical principles are modified, the view of truth and ethics shifts, and the legal basis of society is altered in a breakdown of the crystallized cultural system and the formation of a new system. Through history, the change of a society from one type to another has involved the most violence.
A second kind of change occurs in the social consciousness of individuals. Education, travel, military duty, communication (radio, television, newspapers), and so on increase an individual's awareness of other places and people, other statuses and life styles, other interests. Expanding consciousness may lead to new aspirations and create a sense of personal, group, and class injustice. And such consciousness may also increase an awareness of other individuals similarly placed and of one's own capabilities and the weakness and strength of opponents.
For society as a whole, therefore, if education, communication, and so on are relatively little, we should expect that as the rate of education and communication increase, so should the probability of conflict as people's new interests strain structures of expectations. Manifest conflict may not occur because of the strength of opposing forces, such as government repression, but if such coercion is held constant, manifest conflict should increase with the rate of education. For those already educated and conscious of the world, however, additional education and communication should have only a marginal effect, unless they have been indoctrinated into one ideology and all communications stress one perspective, as in communist societies. Then newly available alternative views and facts should have tremendous impact. For this reason, among others, totalitarian societies maintain tight control over the content of education and all communication media.
A third change is in the economy of a society. Economic development–a multifold increase in society's complexity and diversity of labor, its productive and consumptive capacity, in its wealth–forms a multitude of structures of
expectation, diverse, overlapping, and crosscutting. This multitude and potentiality for easy creation and disruption with minimal conflict (such as quitting a job), allows us to satisfy more easily our many interests and to be cross-pressured by our different class-positions in many groups.
We therefore should expect that the faster the rate of increase in economic development, the less the probability of conflict. The reason is that a variety of capabilities and potential structures of expectations are being created, and interests actualized. This diversity should make the balancing and compromise among specific interests easier.
Only when changing interests are blocked, that is, when a growing social consciousness in society is not adjusted to, will the probability of manifest conflict increase. Thus, the ratio of the growth in social consciousness in society to its growing development provides a measure of the likelihood of conflict. This is a measure of the rigidity of the status quo.
32.3 POWER SHAPES CONFLICT
Conflict is of power, and the over-all structure of expectations constituting a state shapes the nature and direction of manifest conflict. While independent of the separate structures of expectations across societies (Section 32.1), conflict is closely related to the type of society. For whether a society is authoritative, coercive, or exchange will fundamentally determine the causes and conditions affecting our interests and capabilities, and our will. That which shapes our interests and power will pattern our conflict. "Behind every quarrel, hidden deep within the issues of every dispute, lies a fundamental authority issue" (Nieburg, 1969).
Especially important in this regard is the coercive power that the elite are willing to employ. In modern states where the political system keeps and enforces the general structure of expectations, conflict is often between the political elite and those attacking their policies or the status quo. The more dominant the political system in social affairs, the more social conflict swirls around the extensions of government control. Even everyday questions about the price of bread or gasoline, whether to change one's job, or hiring a baby-sitter become matters of government policy. All modem state-societies are antifields to some extent, and the front between antifield and social field is the region of potential social storms.
Whether in fact conflict will be manifest is another question. This depends on the force and terror3 the elite are willing to employ. Repression raises the costs of opposing the elite. However across societies there is a curvilinear relationship between elite force and manifest conflict.
Where force is little used, the elite have high legitimacy and conflicts can be adjusted through traditional institutions. The increase in the use of force signals
a decrease in legitimacy or a blockage of the demands of those seeking a change in policies or status quo. As legitimacy decreases, the political system increasingly is seen as the source of social ills and a change in elite or system as the solution. Thus, manifest conflict and repression will at first be positively related. However, if repression becomes extensive, elite terror widespread, and force systematically applied, then overt opposition becomes suppressed. Total repression is effective in establishing a conflict-free structure of expectations, as the surface harmony of the Soviet and Communist Chinese systems show, and as is clear from the harmony of concentration camps, slave labor camps, and prisons.
32.4 THERE ARE THREE DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT
Since conflict is shaped by power, and we can distinguish three main types of power balances within states–exchange, authoritative and coercive–then statelevel conflict manifestations should be three dimensional. Each type of power should generate a distinct range of conflict behavior.
Moreover, each dimension of conflict should be associated with a particular type of state. The following sections will briefly describe what these types of conflict should be.
32.5 EXCHANGE SOCIETIES
MANIFEST PLURALISTIC CONFLICT
In exchange societies, conflict should be pluralistic. That is, each conflict should concern a relatively isolated group, event, or issue. Since structures of expectations are overlapping and diverse, their formation or disruption should present a multiple spectrum of conflict manifestations, such as strikes, protests, demonstrations, riots, attacks on property, and so on. Issues may occasionally reach societal proportions, but the freedom to remove political elite and veto or influence public policy, and the conflict aggregating and defusing function of competitive political parties, provide mechanisms for conflict bargaining and compromise far short of revolutionary violence. Moreover, multiple group and class membership create cross-pressures inhibiting the formation of a societal wide conflict front.
Pluralistic conflict is therefore intrinsic to the interactions and change within exchange societies. It is the normal friction associated with the multiple building and dissolution of implicit and formal contracts and groups in a free society. In an exchange society, conflict manifestations over-all will be at a constant but low level. If one measures the intensity of conflict from one state to the next, where such a measure takes into account the number of killed in domestic violence, the number of revolutions, coups, riots, assassinations, and so on, then this measure of societal strife should be inversely related to the degree to which a society is based on exchange power.
32.6 AUTHORITATIVE SOCIETIES
MANIFEST COMMUNAL/
TRADITIONAL CONFLICT
Authoritative societies are governed by the weight of tradition. Elite are granted the right to govern on the basis of widely shared religious or ethical principles. The political system is based on a consensus, on a legitimacy. Conflict behavior may occur between groups, bandit groups may prey on outlying villages, food riots may occur in time of scarcity, and peasants may revolt against exploitive landlords, even in an authoritative society isolated from external sources of change. Moreover, coups or palace revolutions may settle ambiguities in elite succession, or replace a ruler who has lost his legitimacy or "mandate from heaven."
Indeed, authoritarian political systems seem to undergo a cycle of revolts which settle successional disputes. These may become quite violent, without attacking or bringing into question the legitimacy of the over-all order (Gluckman, 1963).
A problem for many authoritative states is that they are not one consensual society, but often two or more different subsocieties balanced against each other within a common political system. Such is the case with many African states, such as Nigeria.
These divisions are communal, often based on racial, language, and tribal homogeneity and territorial separation. Where activities within communal divisions are left alone by the state, conflict will not occur. But where authoritarian rulers try to extend their legitimacy over such communities, violence is often the result. This conflict is acerbated if class and racial-language-tribal cleavages are the line of class division. If one communal division comprises the elite and the others the ruled, then violence is highly probable.
Thus, authoritarian states will manifest communal and traditional conflict. This conflict behavior will comprise coups, revolutions, and successional revolts of communal subsocieties as well as apolitical banditry, family or class feuds, guild confrontations, and the like.
32.7 COERCIVE SOCIETIES
MANIFEST ELITE REPRESSIONS/PURGES
In coercive societies, repression is thorough and total. Possible leaders of political opposition are jailed or disappear, and subjects who voice or hint at dissent may be tortured and sent off to a slave labor camp for many years. Under these conditions, conflict manifest in exchange or authoritative systems will not occur. When the elite use overwhelming coercive power arbitrarily and effectively, overt opposition by its subjects cannot build up. But two varieties of conflict do occur. First, there is the violence of the elite (or government) against the masses. Execution, torture, jailing, and forced labor camps are endemic and widespread. Here, the number involved and the number killed will exceed those affected by all forms of strife in authoritative or exchange systems.4
A second variety of conflict occurs among the elite themselves. Instability is common and elite executions, purges, and demotions are the standard way of maintaining power and policies. Within totalitarian political systems, the balance of political power comprises different elite factions, among which conflict is settled through eliminating or disarming the opposing elite.
Conflict in coercive societies is manifested by class terror and repression, and elite purges.
In summary, following through on the implications of the conflict helix for states, I have made seven empirical generalizations. To wit:
(1)Conflict manifestations are random regarding specific societal structures of expectations.
(2)Change produces societal conflict.
(3)Power shapes conflict.
(4)Overt conflict has three manifest dimensions.
(5)Exchange societies manifest pluralistic conflict.
(6)Authoritative societies manifest communal/traditional conflict.
(7)Coercive societies manifest elite repression /purges.
These are very broad, bereft of much detail at this point, and on the order of directional propositions.
They emphasize the power basis of conflict, the role of interests and expectations, and the importance of the societal context. The next chapters (beginning with Chapter 33) will subject these propositions to empirical test, and in the process flesh out their bones.
Note that these eight propositions ignore frustration, deprivation, poverty, anomie as conditions or causes of conflict, which are the social science folk beliefs of our time. The next volume, Vol. 3: Conflict In Perspective, will consider these popular explanations of social conflict, and relate their arguments to the conflict helix and propositions.
* Scanned from Chapter 32 in R.J. Rummel, The Conflict Helix, 1976. For full reference to the book and the list of its contents in hypertext, click book. Typographical errors have been corrected, clarifications added, and style updated.
1. Simply consider the randomness of the Watergate exposure, ranging from the happenstances associated with the break-in procedures and discovery by the guard, to the digging by two Washington Post reporters, to a President who tape recorded his conversations.
2. Given the gap between Nixon on the one hand and the Congress-media-intellectual balance, a serious anti-Nixon event was bound to be explosive (a similar affair would probably have had little impact on Kennedy's presidency). But who could have predicted a Watergate?
3. I am using the term force as I previously defined it (Section 19.7 of Chapter 19). By terror I mean the killing, torturing, and jailing of thousands as a way of coercively controlling the rest.
4. Students of comparative conflict are inclined to focus on anti-regime, government, or state violence, to the exclusion of violence by the elite against their subjects. Thus, for example, data on conflict behavior showed the Soviet Union to be relatively free of violence in spite of the fact that minimal estimates for the period from 1930 to 1950 suggest that at least 20 million were executed, or died in prison, slave labor camps, and directly from elite decrees (Conquest, 1968). And such is continuing, albeit on a smaller scale since Stalin's death (Solzhenitsyn, 1973). Compare this with the total number of 750,000 estimated deaths for all civil strife for 114 nations, from 1961 to 1965, or 187,500 average per year (Gurr, 1969). This is far less than the average deaths of at least a million per year for the Soviet Union alone.
For citations see the Vol. 2: The Conflict Helix REFERENCES
7 Reasons for a Failing Society
Thu Apr 30 , 2020
Every time we read a depressing news story about some animal killing their own kid, some sick person keeping a girl hostage for years, some piece of crap swindling people's hard-earned retirement, we get a little more skeptical, a little colder and to a large extent, a little less "human." […]
10 POLITICAL Things You Can't Do While Following Jesus
Angelena Iglesia 10 months ago
Vietnam – Political Culture
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The tragic death of Neda Agha-Soltan on June 20th, 2009, sent a shiver down the cumulative spine of all freedom-loving people across the world. She quickly became the face of the human rights movement in Iran and has given a voice to the voiceless around the world.
In honor of her and in solidarity with the people of Iran, The Airborne Toxic Event and Amnesty have teamed up for the Neda Project. The song "Neda" is released on iTunes today (Tuesday, June 8th) with ALL proceeds from sales to benefit Amnesty International.
In addition to the iTunes release, we have made a web-based video retelling the historic events around Neda's death. The purpose of the video is to tell the story to people of the world who may not be aware of the Iranian struggle for freedom and to send a message to people living inside Iran that we stand with them and support their brave efforts.
5. Visit nedaspeaks.org to learn more about the struggle for human rights in Iran and to participate in specific political actions that Amnesty has crafted urging the release of political prisoners.
We believe that the viral video of Neda's death was a sea-change in political power in the world. It was the first viral video to change the course of history, a symbol that the power of broadcasting is no longer simply in the hands of governments and corporations, but in the hands of people. It is in the hands of anyone with a cell phone camera and an internet connection. It is in your hands right now.
The Neda Project is an exercise in that new-found power.
Many others died that week and yet more were wrongfully imprisoned, beaten, tortured and executed in the year since. Some still sit in jail cells. These are people we do not know and we will never meet. But we must let them know that we stand with them.
On the day of her death, on the last phone call she made before she was shot, Neda called her mother. Her mother begged her to come home since everyone knew there were people being killed in the streets.
This is the question we now pose to you: If we don't raise our voices, who will?
Join us. This is our time to stand up for freedom.
Mikel Jollett is the lead singer for the band The Airborne Toxic Event. Nazanin Boniadi is an Actress and Spokesperson for Amnesty International USA.
This entry was posted in Middle East and North Africa, Music and the Arts and tagged iran, Iran Election, Mikel Jollett, nazanin boniadi, neda, Neda Agha-Soltan, The Airborne Toxic Event by Nazanin Boniadi. Bookmark the permalink.
As an official spokesperson for Amnesty International USA (AIUSA) since 2009, British-Iranian actress and activist Nazanin Boniadi has worked at a grassroots level and has also appeared on international TV and radio programs to campaign for the rights of disenfranchised populations across the world. In particular, Nazanin has been very involved in bringing attention to the unjust conviction and treatment of Iranian youth, women and prisoner's of conscience.


Note: though this is given as a site to sign a petition, the link does not work: "You have tried to access a non-existent petition. Please check the petition address and try again"
The FB page contains updated information.
One additional note: not one link I looked at cited a major MSM as carrying the story. The sources are primarily Christian in orientation.
Merely signing a petition seems to be such an insignificant act when it comes to the mentality behind this seizure but I suppose it's better than nothing.
There are 31,680 signatures from around the world. They may give some comfort and encouragement to the Bodnariu's . With a little luck it MIGHT embarrass someone with power in the Norwegian government to set in motion the release of their children. Too bad Pope Francis places his concern over the myth of man made global warming over prresecution of Christians.


Sundays are my favorite. They're the one day a week that my husband and I take the day off consistently for time together, or with friends. On Sundays you can find us at the gym, at brunch, at a friend's house for a casual gathering… or at home in our PJs watching Netflix all day. Even if we're unsure of what's in store for the week ahead, we know we can look forward to Sunday as our time for fun, rest and relaxation.
The weekend in general is a great time to sport new outfits, as well! Need some Sunday outfit inspiration? Check out the outfits below I put together, whether you'll be social or just ticking things off a to-do list.
On Sundays, we often find ourselves spending time with friends at one of our houses, or perhaps a local bar. These types of days can lead to spontaneous plans, so for an outfit that will look great in any scenario, try these classic wardrobe staples.
Not sure if there's anything more iconic than the Adidas three-stripe sneaker. They're my favorite when I want to be comfortable and casual. This saddle bag is perfect for carrying all of your essentials— it's deceptively roomy! I love the aesthetic of a white blouse with light-wash jeans. It's timeless and clean.
We know how to brunch here in Vegas. Bottomless mimosas, anyone? Brunch is a perfect excuse to get a little more dressed up, but you don't have to go all out. A casual maxi dress is perfect, and while it's still chilly you can throw a denim jacket to keep warm. Match your handbag to your shoes for a very put-together feel.
Let's face it, sometimes Sunday gets treated as the "weekend catchall"— when we push off all of our errands until the very last minute. In this case, athleisure wear is perfect for running around town whether it's groceries you need to pick up or walking the dog. You can also do a quick gym session in this outfit if you find the time!


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Chancel Tour
Clippings page 1
The navigation box above is colored white, the color of the paraments (cloths that decorate the altar) for the Trinity Sunday, the first Sunday after Pentecost. It is the full spectrum of visible light, the full light of day, you might say. It reminds us that, as God's Word says in 1 John chapter 1, "God is light, and in Him there is no darkness at all." Jesus is the focal lens that reveals the whole will of God, as it says in 2 Corinthians 4:6 - "God, who said, 'Let light shine out of darkness,' has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ."
10305 Bluewater Highway, Lowell MI, 49331... (M-21 halfway between Lowell and Saranac) [see map]
- Joe Fremer, Pastor - 616-897-8307 -
About us: Good Shepherd Lutheran Church is a conservative Lutheran church that combines traditional Lutheran worship with serious Bible-based teaching in a friendly atmosphere. We seek to avoid the two extremes: not too stuffy, and not too showy: in other words, just right!
Blessed Pentecost season to you!
Sunday: Adult Bible Class is on break for the summer months
Divine Service is at 10:30am.
The Sacrament of Holy Communion will be celebrated on July 14th and 28th.
All facilities are wheelchair accessible.
-- VIDEO INVITATION -- View a brief invitation video from Pastor Joe which was made a few years ago. Thanks to the Michigan District for making this possible.
Up to date stuff appears at random intervals on our Facebook page, GoodShepherdLowellMI. Thanks to everyone who stops by and "likes" us! Check there from time to time to see what's shakin'.
Man does not live on bread alone, but on every word that proceeds from the mouth of God. --Jesus
Write to us at . We welcome your comments, questions, and suggestions!
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copyright © 2008-2019 Good Shepherd Lutheran Church. Last updated 7/1/2019.

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The experiment is over, right?
As we left Alaska two months ago we had one overwhelming thought… is this really happening? The excitement and adventure that comes with a year of traveling had an undeniable pull on us, but our bond with Alaska could not be ignored. We were blissfully ignorant during the drive through the northern areas of Alaska and the Yukon Territories but by the time we made it to Whitehorse, and beyond, the ugly truth began to set in: we were no longer going to be living in the 'wild' that was Our Alaska. It should be noted that we never lived in the bush; in fact, we had a comfortable little apartment only 30 minutes from the downtown of the biggest city in Alaska. Regardless of that fact, we felt like we were where we belonged. A 30 minute drive in the opposite direction took us to mountains that 4 years ago we could only fathom and another hour on top of that took us into a unending wooded oasis that had back country hiking in any direction.
Driving into the "civilization" of the southern Yukon Territories snapped us back into reality and we could no longer say that "we live in Alaska"… from that day forward it became "we used to live in Alaska". All good things must come to an end and more importantly than that, the world that Lindsay and I want to see is much larger than even the biggest state in the USA. None of that mattered though when we hit our first stop light at a 4-way intersection in British Columbia and I looked at Lindsay and said "The experiment is over, right? We can go back home and have our stuff shipped back… right?" and without a word Lindsay nodded with a sad look in her eyes as we turned left towards Calgary.
We miss you Alaska… a lot.
Miss you guys too! Just came across a good Highland Game pic of you two. I'll post it soon.
Well said. Perhaps someday you will return like most that leave.


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Scandinavian crime fiction is no longer all about murders and finding the perpetrators. Religion and metaphysical topics have taken up an increasingly large role in the Scandinavian crime novel since the turn of the millennium. (Photo: Colourbox)
Metaphysics and religion in Scandinavian crime fiction
Since the turn of the millennium, religion and metaphysics have become part of the Scandinavian crime novel. This may be due to a general revolt against the strictly rational and verifiable.
Rasmus Karkov
tuesday 05. Mars 2013 - 06:58
In the novel 'Fallen Angels' from 1989, the Norwegian writer Gunnar Staalesen's protagonist Varg Veum is a trained social worker-cum-private detective who becomes involved in a case where members of a punk band from his youth are assassinated one by one.
One night long ago something happened, and in the first pages of the novel the only surviving member of the punk band, Varg Veum, asks himself if he believes in Jesus.
According to Kim Toft Hansen, an assistant professor at the Department of Culture and Global Studies at Aalborg University, this question is a turning point in the novel. He has recently published a book based on his PhD thesis, entitled 'Murder and metaphysics – The absolute, the spiritual, and the supernatural in crime fiction'.
This marks the first outline of a tendency that has played, if not defined, a major part in the Scandinavian crime novel.
A change in the Scandinavian crime novel
We have previously rejected that which couldn't be explained with pragmatism or rationality, but this view is now gradually changing. (Photo: Colourbox)
For years the Scandinavian crime novel has functioned as a seismograph of society, where murders are solved in realistic shadows of society and characters may express social criticism. Meanwhile, religious and metaphysical aspects have been all but banned from the Scandinavian crime novel.
Toft Hansen's own study shows that up until the 1980s there were roughly 10-15 Scandinavian crime novels with religious undertones, while the following two decades saw close to 20, and the period from the turn of the century to the present time has seen 60-70 crime novels that included religion and metaphysics in its pages.
Varg Veum doesn't answer the question of his own faith immediately. In fact, he only returns to the topic more than 200 pages later, at which point the author has introduced a priest into the narrative, thus offering the protagonist an opportunity to engage in discussions about God, religion and Christianity.
One of Varg Veum's remarks proves to be almost prophetic when considering what was later to happen in the real world, where religion has once again taken a central place in life:
In the years following TV series like X-Files, which delved into the paranormal, and Twin Peaks, which tended towards the bizarre, and after the new millennium and Dan Brown's Da Vinci Code, it explodes. A great number of bestselling authors start engaging in the discussion about God and religion in their books, alongside the murder plots
Kim Toft Hansen
"We live in a time that literally asks for awakening. […] Because a new millennium is an important turning point in the history of human kind and much will happen in the decade leading to its arrival. Because such turning points create anxiety. […] And when man feels anxious, he will seek for comfort outside himself. Some of them name this comfort God. – And it helps," says Varg Veum in the 1989 novel 'Fallen Angels'.
Proof of God
In the following years, disaster films depicting pending doom flooded cinemas, showing world plagues while the new millennium was lurking in the horizon and 9/11 exposed abysmal conflicts between devout Muslims and the Western world.
"Staalesen anticipates. In the years following TV series like X-Files, which delved into the paranormal, and Twin Peaks, which tended towards the bizarre, and after the new millennium and Dan Brown's Da Vinci Code, it explodes. A great number of bestselling authors start engaging in the discussion about God and religion in their books, alongside the murder plots," says the researcher.
One example of this is the writer Håkan Næsser, who had his DI Gunnar Barbarotti try to solve the mystery of God's existence alongside the crime plot. This is in line with theologian William David Spencer's theory that the crime novel is an expression of our longing to search for God.
The main track in the crime novel becomes the socially aware, realistic genre that in Scandinavia develops into a critique of the welfare system. But approaching the new millennium, aspects relating to religion, new age and spiritual movements become more predominant, challenging a modernity that has limited us to rationality and common sense. When modernity limits itself, room is leftover for God
The former parish priest in the Danish Church, Johannes Christensen, says that the crime novel is basically a Christian genre, because it revolves around the idea that all individuals are equal and inviolable, regardless of whether they are a waitress or a king.
Forsaking the irrational
Traditionally, the crime novel steers clear of the metaphysical. It first appears in its original form with Edgar Allan Poe's 'Murders in the Rue Morgue'.
"The crime novel arises in the 19th century alongside urbanisation and industrialisation. Because of this, it has traditionally been linked with modern values that are based on the very rationalist, scientific mode of interaction with society. The entire first half of the 'Murders in the Rue Morgue' is a description of scientific research. The main track in the crime novel becomes the socially aware, realistic genre that in Scandinavia develops into a critique of the welfare system," says Toft Hansen
"But approaching the new millennium, aspects relating to religion, new age and spiritual movements become more predominant, challenging a modernity that has limited us to rationality and common sense. When modernity limits itself, room is leftover for God."
Beginning of faith in the irrational
The researcher's views are in line with those of Professor of History of Ideas at Aarhus University Jørgen Schanz, who thinks the self-limiting modernity creates space for the religious and metaphysical aspects.
In his book 'Modernity and Religion' Schanz writes that we have previously rejected that which couldn't be explained with pragmatism or rationality, but that this view is now gradually changing.
"Schanz says that questions such as suffering, sorrow, happiness, death and the mysteries of birth, wondering about existence, and not least evil, are questions that modernity hasn't been able to provide satisfactory answers to. The same questions, particularly about suffering, death sorrow and evil, are also prominent in the crime novel," says Toft Hansen.
"I see this self-limitation of modernity that Schanz emphasizes as a possible answer to why the crime novel – as a Western genre product of modernity – now opens a wider discussion of religious and metaphysical topics."
'The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo' a religious novel
The tendency is clear in the Stig Larsson trilogy 'Millennium'. The criticism of religion stands out in the trilogy books 'The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo', 'The Girl Who Played with Fire' and 'The Girl Who Kicked the Hornet's Nest'.
"There's a murderer who uses Old Testament quotes. At the same time every part is introduced with statistics about matters such as the number of women who have been threatened by a man. The modern sociological studies of women's conditions are combined with a critical view on the Old Testament's presentation of the relationship between men and women," says the researcher.
Meanwhile, other researchers have pointed out that the protagonist Lisbeth Salander is a Jesus-figure in the books. She is lynched on the front pages of the newspapers and practically crucified on a Good Friday.
"And in the second volume she practically comes back from the dead. I'm not sure that I would go as far as to call her a Jesus figure, but there is without a doubt a play on the Jesus-narrative in the portrait of Salander," he says.
Toft Hansen refers to the tendency as post-secular crime fiction.
"It denotes the idea that sense and empirical data can accompany that which crosses the boundaries of science."
Translated by: Iben Gøtzsche Thiele
Kim Toft Hansen's profile
GTA is the great contemporary novel
Action games like 'Grand Theft Auto' and 'Call of Duty' reflect reality to such a degree that we fail to distinguish the metaphors used in the games from the reality they describe.
videnskab.dk art and literature denmark society and culture philosophy society & culture


We all know the frustrations that come along with "business as usual" banking, and Investar Bank is the brilliant alternative. When creating the campaign, it was crucial to infuse every touchpoint with this genuine and simple mission. With the goal of creating messaging and a visual identity that distinguished between personal and business banking services while feeling cohesive and familiar, the "Bank Like a Boss" campaign embodies Investar Bank's unique values and approach through simple, bold statements – each one able to seamlessly transcend our mix of media platforms and honestly connect with consumers.


The other option, which we seriously considered, was to try and destroy the tub with sledge hammers and carry it out in pieces. However, we did run the risk that it wouldn't actually break apart and then we would still have to hire someone to remove it, only it would be worthless and have to go to the dumps.
Now I need to post photos on craigslist and hope that someone needs a 1912 cast iron tub.
The electrician has been out and has done the new wiring in the bathroom.
The cabinet order was delayed because the cabinet maker never communicated to me he needed a deposit to get started. I'm not surprised, but I simply didn't recall him mentioning it to me. The cabinet is ordered now and should be ready between mid and late January.
We're waiting on the tile guy to come out and get started on framing out the shower pan and covering the walls. I think, if we can, we will have him lay the floor before the cabinet goes in.
So, we are making very SLOW progress.
Oh, I almost forgot, we're having water leaking into our basement family room. We've had record-breaking volume of rain in Portland and we've had water infiltrating into our basement lately so we're trying to deal with those issues. I didn't take any photos, but we had some interesting views of a huge rug sprawled all over sawhorses with fans and heaters running on it. And now that the basement has leaked twice in the last few weeks, we just rolled up the rug and set it aside until we figure out how to fix the problem.
Yeah, we have a roof leak on our porte cochiere. Not fun. And we paid a LOT of money for the new roof back in 2011. Sigh. I hate dealing with stuff like this.


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Ciena's longstanding President and CEO, Gary Smith, has been named a Top CEO in Canada by Glassdoor, one of the world's largest job and recruiting sites, in its annual award highlighting the Top CEOs in several countries throughout North America and Europe.
Among chief executives recognized by employees in Canada, Gary Smith received an impressive approval rating of 97% based on the anonymous and voluntary reviews Ciena employees shared on Glassdoor throughout the past year.
Ciena takes home 2019 Leading Lights' Company of the Year Award
Gary has spoken in the past of his belief that if you embrace and authentically prioritize getting the "people thing" right, you dramatically increase your organization's chances of success. This has been a guiding principal as he has led Ciena for almost 20 years and to the success the company is seeing today.
He also feels that leaders should communicate with genuine passion, transparency, candor, consistency and with humility and humor. But that the real art of leadership is communicating through listening. Which is why he recently took the step of working with Ciena's Human Resources team and employee managers to replace the once-a-year employee reviews. Instead Ciena now encourages an environment of altogether better, more frequent and more candid conversations between team members. The goal of these better and more frequent conversations is to enable employees to gain hugely valuable and timely insights into what is really happening at Ciena, and within their own teams, to foster additional growth and success.
"It's an honor to recognize incredible leaders who, from their employees' perspectives, exemplify exceptional vision, trust and communication. Glassdoor's Top CEOs award continues to be more competitive every year, and I congratulate each leader on their achievement," said Christian Sutherland-Wong, Glassdoor president and chief operating officer. "Today's job seekers are looking for leaders who share their values and will empower them to bring their full selves to work. More and more, we're seeing Top CEOs make decisions to shape the culture of their organizations to help recruit and retain quality talent, which has a direct correlation to fueling business success."
CEO approval ratings are gathered through Glassdoor's online company review survey, which gathers current and former employee sentiment about job and company satisfaction, the work environment and the culture. Employees are asked to rate a number of workplace factors like compensation and benefits as well as work-life balance, and asked whether they approve, disapprove or are neutral about the job their CEO is doing. In addition, employees are asked to describe some of the upsides and downsides of working for the company and provide any advice for senior management. Among the approximately 900,000 companies reviewed on Glassdoor, the average CEO approval rating is 69 percent.
For the complete list of all Glassdoor Top CEOs winners in 2019, please visit: https://www.glassdoor.ca/Award/Top-CEOs-Canada-LST_KQ0,15.htm
Weekly roundup | Ciena network insights | June 21, 2019
Weekly roundup | Ciena network insights | July 05, 2019
This week, we're sharing 25+ telecom industry influencers you should be following on Twitter, discussing how SD-WAN gets (more) real for service providers, and from the archive, 10 tech podcasts you need to check out.
25+ telecom industry influencers you should be following on Twitter
Looking to stay on top of the latest telecom industry news and insights? Here's a list of the top media and analysts you should be following on Twitter.


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Jordan myth debunked as mystery man comes forward
Ben Morse
Among Michael Jordan's seemingly infinite list of great moments, "The Flu Game" in the 1997 NBA Finals against the Utah Jazz is close to the top. Credit: Getty
Among Michael Jordan's seemingly infinite list of great moments, "The Flu Game" in the 1997 NBA Finals against the Utah Jazz is close to the top.
Despite suffering apparent flu-like symptoms the night before and during the game, Jordan - through sheer strength of will and determination - scored 38 points to help his Chicago Bulls win 90-88 in Game 5.
And while "The Flu Game" had been written into basketball lore, Jordan and people close to him told a different story during Episode 9 of "The Last Dance" documentary which aired on Sunday.
In the documentary, Jordan - along with personal trainer Tim Grover and best friend George Koehler -- recall ordering a pizza to their hotel room in Salt Lake City, Utah, the night before the game.
According to Grover, they became suspicious when, as they remember it, five people arrived at the door to deliver the one pizza.
Despite the alleged misgivings, Jordan ate the entire pizza by himself, and later that night, Grover said he received a phone call that the five-time NBA MVP was "literally curled up in the fetal position" on his hotel room floor, complaining of food poison-like symptoms.
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Michael Jordan has earned some criticism following The Last Dance documentary. Credit: G
"I ate the pizza," Jordan said in the documentary. "All by myself. Nobody else ate the pizza. I wake up about 2:30am throwing up left and right ... It really wasn't the flu game. It was food poisoning."
However, the man who claims to have made and delivered the infamous pizza has called the version of the incident told in the documentary "a bunch of crap."
Craig Fite, who was a Bulls fan living in Salt Lake City, was a newly-appointed assistant manager at Pizza Hut in 1997.
After his store received the order for Jordan's pizza, Fite personally took charge of the cooking and delivering of the pizza, even though those weren't his normal job responsibilities.
"I remember saying this: 'I will make the pizza, because I don't want any of you doing anything to it,'" he told "The Big Show" on 1280 The Zone in Salt Lake City. "And then I told the driver, 'You're going to take me there. And it'll be my first delivery.'"
Such was his love for the Bulls - he admits that he named his son after Jordan -- Fite personally made sure the pizza was cooked perfectly.
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Michael Jordan led the Bulls to six titles in eight years. Credit: Getty
"I followed all the rules," Fite said. "At the time I was trying to impress the store manager there."
Upon arriving at the hotel, Fite remembers feeling like he had been "punched in the face with cigar smoke" upon stepping onto Jordan's floor at the hotel, before catching a glimpse of the six-time NBA champion in his hotel room while he handed over the pizza.
Discussing the incident that took place 23 years ago, Fite disputes the claim there were five people delivering one "large, thin and crispy, extra peperoni pizza."
"That's a bunch of crap," Fite said. "Sorry, we were five creepy looking guys that the guy felt threatened? I guess you have to sell your book but it really wasn't that exciting.
"There were two of us. I didn't even have that many people working [at the Pizza Hut]."
And according to Fite, the accusation that the pizza gave Jordan food poisoning is wide of the mark too.
"Did you get it diagnosed? Did you go to the doctor? All this is innuendo on their part," Fite said.
"One thing I remind everybody is, he was smoking so many cigars. They had windows open. He didn't have a shirt on or he was in a tank top. At around 3 or 4 o'clock in the afternoon in Park City, the sun is gone behind that mountain so it gets colder up there."


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FC Bayern Munich Opens Flagship Store on Tmall
Home > Business Commerce
By Alizila Staff
Published on Jan. 17, 2020
European football powerhouse FC Bayern Munich is expanding its presence in the Alibaba Group ecosystem with the launch of its flagship store on Tmall, China's largest B2C shopping site.
FC Bayern opened a flagship store on Alibaba's dedicated cross-border e-commerce platform, Tmall Global, in 2015 to bring a first selection of jerseys and other merchandise to its 136 million followers in China.
Now, with the launch of a store on the original Tmall marketplace, fans will benefit from faster deliveries as all Tmall inventory is stored in China. The new Tmall store will be operated by Fanatics, a leading sports merchandise e-tailer based in the U.S.
"Going to China was a big step for our club and the great development and success over the past years have proven that it was the right decision," said Jörg Wacker, FC Bayern München AG board member for internationalization and strategy. "Now is the right time to take the next step in our merchandising distribution to build up even closer relationships with our local fans."
Hailing FC Bayern as "one of the most iconic football clubs in the world," Jiang Fan, president of Tmall and Taobao at Alibaba Group, said: "It will now be even easier for FC Bayern fans in China to dive into the world of the club and its players and enjoy a personalized shopping experience."
FC Bayern emphasized the importance of reaching its fans in China, highlighting both the Tmall store openings and the launch of an international office in Shanghai in 2016. In recent years, the first team has also played matches in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen the club said.
As part of the launch, fans will receive discounts on selected products, while any order above RMB399 ($58) will be shipped for free and include an exclusive gift for as long as supplies last.
In its 120-year history, FC Bayern has won 29 national championships, 19 domestic cups and five UEFA Champions League titles, making it one of the most successful and well-known football teams in the world.
AlibabaAlibaba GroupBayern MunichfootballsoccerSportsTmallTmall Global
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It's that time of year when I'm still feeling the post-holiday-season high, and I'm not yet so tired of winter that I'm crying into my ankle boots. I may be singing a different tune in February, but so far, so good, January. Here's what I've been up to lately.
Planning: weekly and monthly goals. I just made a list of my goals for 2015, and now I'm breaking them down into bite-sized pieces. The only thing better than making a big list is checking it off. 2015, it's on!
Hoping: to win the picky eating battles. Jona went from eating everything to being Picky McEat-Nothing. Lately I've been serving up the old standbys because I know he'll eat them, but it's time to get creative and get that boy to eat something besides fruit, yogurt, and peanut butter.
Baking: Graham Cracker Toffee from Gimme Some Oven. So the last thing I need at my house is more sugar, but I saw this recipe and couldn't resist. It's ridiculously easy and oh so good. If you need a quick party snack this is a great one to try!
Wearing: clothes from my winter capsule. This capsule is a lot of neutrals (again) and coziness and warmth, with a few bold colors thrown in for good measure. What I'm most excited about wearing are a couple of pairs of new shoes I got, some taupe leather ankle boots and a cute pair of desert booties.
Resolving: to focus on contentment. While I'm definitely a resolution/goal-maker, I also like the idea of having one word or theme to focus on for the year. My word for 2015 is contentment. Too often I get caught in the comparison trap, and I find myself feeling like what I do and what I have isn't enough. This year, I'm going to try my best to be content with and grateful for what I have.
Check out what other bloggers are doing this month at the Currently linkup at In Residence and Dearest Love.
Uh oh, I hope you're able to get Jona away from being picky. I am a lifelong picky eater. I hate it but my palate won't budge.
I keep fearing Ollie going through a picky phase too, he kind of went through it after he recovered from his stomach bug but now he seems to be back into eating anything and everything so I hope it continues. I hope Jona gets past it, from what I understand it is kind of a phase - their way of testing us and trying to gain control. Silly toddlers!
I hope Ollie just breezes right past the picky stage and keeps eating everything. (And if he does I'll have to get all your secrets, haha!) But yes, from what I've heard it is a phase. I try to just give him a variety of things so that he at least will eat SOMETHING, and try not to make a big deal out of it when he doesn't eat. It's hard though!
Very apt description of early January... I'm still feeling good about the possibilities of the year and going strong on resolutions. Let's try to keep it that way :) Love your word for the year. Sorry to hear about the picky eating though! We had a little trouble last week, but Hendrik was sick, so fingers crossed we get back to normal. Hope the same for you!
I love your word of the year. Contentment is such a great thing to have and it's definitely something I am working on, too. And graham cracker toffee??? GIMME!
I feel like I'm always working on it (and having a hard time with it) but this year I'm really going to try to make it stick.
Picky eater stage is awful. We ended up having to put all of my daughter's food, cut up, into an ice tray so they all had their own spot. It just made it fun for her to eat. That might be good for you too.
I'm also focusing on being more content where I am in life. I think a lot of people get caught up in comparing lives. I know I'm one of them.
The ice cube tray is a good idea! I may have to try that sometime, especially when he starts getting worried about food touching (he's not there yet, but I can imagine that's coming).
And I agree, it's so hard not to compare, we all do it.
My daughter loved picking which sections he was going to eat next and I put dips in some of them too. Good luck!
Sounds like a great January so far!!
Oh that's a great word too, always something that's good to focus on. I'm going to try not to focus on the busy-ness either!
The graham cracker toffee sounds so good! Definitely going to try it soon.
I definitely agree about making lists and checking them off! Such a rewarding feeling! That graham cracker toffee sounds delicious. I hadn't heard of Gimme Some Oven until recently, and now I'm finding delicious looking pins from the blog all over Pinterest!


Listeners, you'll want to grab this update right away we have lots of audio player updates and bug fixes in this release.
Most notably, we've spent lots of time working to provide a smoother listening experience if your phone momentarily loses data connection or wifi. The app should now be much more stable in these situations and attempt to reconnect automatically if signal becomes available again quickly.
Additionally, we've done our best to squash a pesky bug where sometimes live streams play duplicated on top of each other. We think we've got it resolved here, but please let us know if the problem recurs. Thanks to everyone who let us know and for your patience while we investigated this issue.
Thanks, as always, to everyone who has provided feedback and bug reports.


The Sierra Nevada mountains of California runs 400mi (640km) north-to-south, and is approximately 70 miles (110 km) across east-to-west. Lake Tahoe, Yosemite, Sequoia, Kings Canyon. Hiking paradise.
Yosemite Valley is the most famous attraction, but that is just the beginning. There are dozens of must-see places in this region.
great weather — that's the main highlight for us. Summers are dry with low humidity. Temperature averages 42 to 60F (5.5 to 15.5C), very comfortable for hiking. Nights can drop below zero with strong wind. Highs up to 86F+ (30C) are not uncommon.
public transport to the trailheads is available to Yosemite, Reds, Bishop, Lone Pine and other trailheads. You can hike here without having a personal vehicle.
San Francisco is the biggest airport with easy access. Getting from LAX to Whitney is possible, but challenging.
in fact, all the trees in this region are fascinating. Some of our favourite photos are of trees.
the smartest bears in the world live here. Keeping your food out of their grubby paws is essential. Most hikers carry bear vaults.
getting a hiking permit to start in Yosemite can be difficult. Starting from other trailheads, easier.
mobile phones do not work reliably. You need "line of sight" to a tower.
mobile phones don't work AT ALL on most of the John Muir trail! It's a true wilderness experience – you have to meet a ranger with a radio or satellite phone to get outside help.
Great wilderness hike. you can resupply at certain points and stay in luxury at Muir Trail Ranch. Avoid main hiking season, and beware of creek crossing in early season as well as mosquitoes. Late August early September is a good time, quieter, even if the nights can get colder.
There's little risk of getting lost, the trail is well marked and intersections are well marked too. We had a map but didn't use it much. Getting a permit from Yosemite wasn't too difficult as long as you apply long enough in advance and supply two or three different start dates. Carrying a bear vault is essential and part of the regulations. We saw a group being thrown off the trail for not having one nor a permit!


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Stemmler Fund Celebrates 25th Anniversary with More Grants
Expanded Group of Assessment Research Projects Announced for 2020
July 14, 2020 12:23 ET | Source: NBME NBME
PHILADELPHIA, July 14, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- In celebrating 25 years of the Edward J. Stemmler, MD, Medical Education Research Fund, NBME is proud to announce an expanded cohort of recipients and their newly funded projects, which address critical areas of assessment of medical education.
Five projects were chosen to receive grant funds totaling nearly $750,000. Funding of these projects is designed to support research or development of innovative approaches for assessing those preparing or continuing to practice medicine.
NBME created the Stemmler Fund in 1995 to help ensure that assessments keep pace with changes across the continuum of medical education, from undergraduate and graduate studies, to training and practice. In its 25 years, the Stemmler Fund has awarded nearly 100 grants, totaling over $9 million, to recipients whose projects focused on key areas such as practitioner performance, validity of assessments, applications of technology and effectiveness of teaching practices. The contributions of Stemmler Fund recipients have helped medical assessments continuously evolve to reflect current medical practice and helped to ensure all medical students and physicians are held to the highest standards.
About this year's award recipients:
Lorelei Lingard, PhD, Professor in the Department of Medicine and Director of the Centre for Education Research & Innovation in the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry at Western University, and Stefanie Sebok-Syer, PhD, Instructor in the Department of Emergency Medicine with Stanford University School of Medicine, were awarded $149,999 over two years for their project entitled, "Conceptualizing and Assessing Interdependent Performance in Collaborative Clinical Environments."
Pilar Ortega, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and Lisa Diamond, MD, MPH, Assistant Attending Physician in the Immigrant Health and Cancer Disparities Service in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, were awarded $149,971 over two years for their project entitled, "Medical Spanish Proficiency Assessment: Evaluating Physician Communication with Spanish-speaking Patients in Medical Education Settings."
Brigitte Smith, MD, Assistant Professor of Vascular Surgery at the University of Utah School of Medicine, was awarded $148,248 over two years for her project entitled, "Are Longitudinal Assessments of Multiple Competencies During Training Associated with Physicians' Patient Care Outcomes in Practice?"
Paul Joshua Chung, MD, Assistant Professor of Surgery at the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, was awarded $150,000 over two years for his project entitled, "Automated Scenario Generation from Public Datasets for Simulation-based Training in Surgery."
Anand Malpani, PhD, Assistant Research Scientist at Johns Hopkins University, was awarded $149,999 over two years for his project entitled, "Impact of Gender Bias on Surgical Technical Skill Assessment and Machine Learning Models for Automated Skill Assessment."
The Stemmler Fund was named in honor of Dr. Edward J. Stemmler, who recognized that assessment of medical education should evolve to address advances in science and medicine. Dr. Stemmler was largely responsible for the conception of the program and served as the first chair of the Fund's Steering Committee.
There are more than 190 medical schools in the United States, and they are constantly evolving in response to scientific advancements and the needs of society. This continuous, rapid evolution in medical education means that innovative and reliable assessments to evaluate physician preparedness are more important than ever.
During these unprecedented times, it is especially important to celebrate good news and remarkable individuals. On its official website this summer, NBME will highlight people and programs that advance the science of assessment and medical education. Additionally, NBME is currently accepting Letters of Intent for the Stemmler Fund 2020-2021 cycle; information on the submission process can be found here.
About NBME
NBME offers a versatile selection of high-quality assessments and educational services for students, professionals, educators, and institutions dedicated to the evolving needs of medical education and health care. To serve these communities, we collaborate with a comprehensive array of professionals including test developers, academic researchers, scoring experts, practicing physicians, medical educators, state medical board members, and public representatives.
Together with the Federation of State Medical Boards, NBME develops and manages the United States Medical Licensing Examination®. In addition, we are committed to meeting the needs of educators and learners globally with assessment products and expert services such as Subject Examinations, Customized Assessment Services, Self-Assessments, the International Foundations of Medicine®, and Item-Writing Workshops.
We also provide medical education funding and mentorship through the Latin America Grants Program, Stemmler Fund, and Strategic Educators Enhancement Fund, which serve to advance assessment at educators' and health professionals' own institutions.
Learn more about NBME at NBME.org.
Assessment Medical Education NBME Stemmler Fund 25th Anniversary Research Health care Health professionals Medical School MedEd
Stemmler Fund
Barbara Del Duke
bdelduke@nbme.org


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Q: How to change installation.log file location when fresh installation? How to change installation.log file location when fresh installation ?
I am tried with the below options on 'Installer' -> execution options -> Arguments
-Dinstall4j.keepLog=true -Dinstall4j.alternativeLogfile=${installer:sys.installationDir}/diaglogs/installation.log

but no luck.

A:
-Dinstall4j.alternativeLogfile=${installer:sys.installationDir}/diaglogs/installation.log

That would not work, because the installation directory does not exist and is not even known at startup. You have to choose an absolute path for -Dinstall4j.alternativeLogfile, so this is only suitable for debugging purposes. As of 6.1.4 there is no option in install4j to change the location of the log file.

A: As of 6.1.4 we added a "Copy file" action at the "Finish" screen and copied the logfile to a specified directory. For the file location you can use the installation variable ${installer:sys.logfile}and for the destination something like ${installation:sys.installationDir}/dialogs/installation.log. The only thing that is missing in the copied logfile is the last entry like "Installation successful" or something else. But this should be a workaround for your purpose until the logfile location is configurable in a further version.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Looking For Drug Rehab in Foraker, IN?
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Without identifying and attending to any underlying reasons for addiction, the expectation of long-lasting recovery is less. We begin drug/alcohol abuse treatment the patients' physical body, making sure that all the toxins are completely eliminated. When drugs or alcohol are eliminated completely from the body, our team of therapists will begin dealing with the emotional part of the problem.Often, chemical dependency occurs simultaneously along with mental health disorders, trauma, or behavioral issues that have contributed to the dependency. In order to be truly effective, drug or alcohol addiction treatment calls for major changes in lifestyle and viewpoint. Drug and/or alcohol addiction is a hurtful disease that transforms both mind and body. Accordingly, our trained professionals need to address the 2 respective aspects of the situation.
Optimal recovery prospects (evidence shows) come from all-encompassing alcohol and/or drug addiction programs. As they assist their patients to totally transform their way of living, and this is often necessary to have long-lasting results, addiction treatments that are more thorough encourage improvements on the deepest level. Because there are many that can't, to those that can, we strongly advise you to be in a longer drug or alcohol treatment program. What is regularly found in drugs and/or alcohol abuse treatments that last are outpatient recovery, detoxing thoroughly under qualified medical supervision, rehabilitation at a local facility, and consistent recovery at home.
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text:
Words By Amy Milligan, Art By Rachel Ruysch
Your hands
are sun-torched and callous.
They're the climbing evergreen
me,
your dispirited bell-flower,
intertwined in those overbearing,
umbelliferous greens
and yellows.
I'd rather be with a lilac
or a lavender.
Someone pale blue
with traces of red
who will keep the moths away.
Amy Milligan
Amy Milligan grew up in a small rural town in Missouri. She currently attends Columbia College where she studies English literature and secondary education. She has lived across the state drawing inspiration from her experiences, relationships, and endless cups of coffee. She currently resides in Columbia, MO with her cat and travel companion, Madelyn.
Rachel Ruysch (1664-1750) was a still-life painter from the Northern Netherlands. She specialized in flowers, inventing her own style and achieving international fame in her lifetime. Due to a long and successful career that spanned over six decades, she became the best documented female painter of the Dutch Golden Age. Source: Wikipedia.


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●Mainly Involved processes Material grinding, material mixing, pellets extruding, pellets drying, and pellet packing. The whole Fish Feed Production Process can be highly automatically controlled.
●Production capacity 0.06 to 5 ton per hour is available.


text:
Pennsylvania Firm Recalls Fully Cooked Turkey Breast Products for Possible Listeria Contamination
K. Heeps, Inc., an Allentown, Pa., establishment, is recalling approximately 17.5 pounds of fully cooked turkey breast products that may be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced today.
17.5-pound package of "K. Heeps Inc. Fully Cooked, Sliced Turkey, Boneless with Broth." The label bears the establishment number "EST. 09379A" inside the USDA mark of inspection.
The sliced turkey breast products were produced on June 28, 2010, and distributed to a restaurant in Reading, Pa.
The problem was discovered through FSIS microbiological sampling program. FSIS has received no reports of illnesses associated with consumption of this product.
FSIS routinely conducts recall effectiveness checks to verify recalling firms notify their customers (including restaurants) of the recall and that steps are taken to make certain that the product is no longer available to consumers.
Consumption of food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes can cause listeriosis, an uncommon but potentially fatal disease. Healthy people rarely contract listeriosis. However, listeriosis can cause high fever, severe headache, neck stiffness and nausea. Listeriosis can also cause miscarriages and stillbirths, as well as serious and sometimes fatal infections in those with weakened immune systems, such as infants, the elderly and persons with HIV infection or undergoing chemotherapy. Individuals concerned about an illness should contact a health care provider.
Media and consumers with questions about the recall should contact company Recall Coordinator Beau Heeps at (610) 530-8010.
Consumers with food safety questions can "Ask Karen," the FSIS virtual representative available 24 hours a day at www.AskKaren.gov. "Ask Karen" live chat services are available Monday through Friday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m ET. The toll-free USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline 1-888-MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) is available in English and Spanish and can be reached from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. ET Monday through Friday. Recorded food safety messages are available 24 hours a day.


text:
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Tasks;
use App\Models\Users;
use Carbon\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Laravel\Lumen\Routing\Controller as BaseController;

class UserController extends BaseController
{
    public function index(Request $request, $userId)
    {
        $user = Users::findOrFail($userId);
        $graphStats = ['labels' => [], 'crs_failed' => [], 'testing_failed' => [], 'completed' => []];
        $graphData = $user->graphStats();
        foreach ($graphData as $row) {
            $graphStats['labels'][] = $row->month_string;
            $graphStats['crs_failed'][] = $row->crs_failed;
            $graphStats['testing_failed'][] = $row->testing_failed;
            $graphStats['completed'][] = $row->completed;
        }

        return view('profile')->with(['user' => $user, 'stats' => $user->userStats(), 'graphStats' => $graphStats]);

    }

    public function store(Request $request, $userId)
    {
        $user = Users::findOrFail($userId);

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub