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Method of calculating the coherent scattering power of crystals with unknown atomic arrangements and its application in the quantitative phase analysis
Hui Li, Meng He, Ze Zhang
Journal: Powder Diffraction , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 January 2022, pp. 1-6
Quantitative phase analysis is one of the major applications of X-ray powder diffraction. The essential principle of quantitative phase analysis is that the diffraction intensity of a component phase in a mixture is proportional to its abundance. Nevertheless, the diffraction intensities of the component phases cannot be compared with each other directly since the coherent scattering power per unit cell (or chemical formula) of each component phase is usually different. The coherent scattering power per unit cell of a crystal is well represented by the sum of the squared structure factors, which cannot be calculated directly when the crystal structure data is unavailable. Presented here is a way to approximate the coherent scattering power per unit cell based solely on the unit cell parameters and the chemical contents. This approximation is useful when the atomic coordinates for one or more of the phases in a sample are unavailable. An assessment of the accuracy of the approximation is presented. This assessment indicates that the approximation will likely be within 10% when X-ray powder diffraction data is collected over a sufficient portion of the measurable pattern.
Association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids with long-term risks of CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality
Binbin Xu, Meng Wang, Liyuan Pu, Chang Shu, Lian Li, Liyuan Han
Journal: Public Health Nutrition , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 December 2021, pp. 1-11
We aimed to investigate the associations between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) intake and long-term risks of CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality in nationwide survey participants aged ≥ 18.
This was a prospective cohort study. Dietary intakes of BCAA (leucine, isoleucine and valine) were determined from the total nutrient intake document. The main outcomes were CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality.
A nationally representative sample of US adults were recruited by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) from 1988 to 1994.
A total of 14 397 adults aged ≥ 18 who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) were included.
During 289 406 person-years of follow-up, we identified 4219 deaths, including 1133 from CVD and 926 from cancer. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality in the highest dietary BCAA and isoleucine intake quintile (reference: lowest quintiles) were 0·68 (0·48, 0·97) and 0·68 (0·48, 0·97), respectively. Each one-standard-deviation increase in total dietary BCAA or isoleucine intake was associated with an 18 % or 21 % decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. The serum triglyceride (TAG) concentration was found to modify the association between the dietary BCAA intake and all-cause mortality (P for interaction = 0·008).
In a nationally representative cohort, higher dietary intakes of BCAA and isoleucine were independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and these associations were stronger in participants with higher serum TAG concentrations.
Taurine stimulates protein synthesis and proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells through the PI3K-ARID4B-mTOR pathway
Qi Hao, Lulu Wang, Minghui Zhang, Zhe Wang, Meng Li, Xuejun Gao
Journal: British Journal of Nutrition , First View
Taurine (Tau) has many profound physiological functions, but its role and molecular mechanism in muscle cells are still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying molecular mechanism of Tau on protein synthesis and proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells. Cells were treated with Tau (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 μM) for 24 h. Tau dose-dependently promoted protein synthesis, cell proliferation, mechanistic target of rapamycin protein (mTOR) phosphorylation and also AT-rich interaction domain 4B (ARID4B) expression, with the best stimulatory effects at 120 μM. LY 294002 treatment showed that Tau promoted ARID4B expression in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner. ARID4B knockdown (by small interfering RNA transfection for 24 h) prevented Tau from stimulating protein synthesis and cell proliferation, whereas ARID4B gene activation (using the CRISPR/dCas9 technology) had stimulatory effects. ARID4B knockdown abolished Tau signalling to mRNA expression and protein phosphorylation of mTOR, whereas ARID4B gene activation had stimulatory effects. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR identified that all of ARID4B, H3K27ac and H3K27me3 bound to the −4368 to –4591 bp site in the mTOR promoter, and ChIP-quantitative PCR (qPCR) further detected that Tau stimulated ARID4B binding to this site. ARID4B knockdown or gene activation did not affect H3K27me3 binding to the mTOR promoter but decreased or increased H3K27ac binding, respectively. Furthermore, ARID4B knockdown abolished the stimulation of Tau on H3K27ac binding to the mTOR promoter. In summary, these data uncover that Tau promotes protein synthesis and proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells through the PI3K-ARID4B-mTOR pathway, providing a deep understanding of how Tau regulates anabolism in muscle cells.
Relationship between water iodine and children's goiters
Shuli An, Lijun Fan, Ming Li, ZhengYuan Wang, Shoujun Liu, YuTong Ji, Xiang Li Liu, Yang Du, Fangang Meng, Peng Liu
Excessive iodine can lead to goiters. However, the relationship between the water iodine concentration (WIC) and goiter rate (GR) is unclear. This study aims to explore the factors that influence children's GR in areas with high WIC and analyse the threshold value of the GR increase associated with the WIC. According to the monitoring of the areas with high WIC in China in 2018–2020, a total of 54 050 children in eight high water iodine provinces were chosen. Drinking water, urine and edible salt samples of children were collected. The thyroid volume (Tvol) was measured. A generalised additive model (GAM) was used to analyse the relationship between the WIC and GR in children. Among the 54 050 children in areas with high WIC, the overall GR was 3·34 %, the median of water iodine concentration was 127·0 µg/l, the median of urinary iodine concentration was 318 µg/l and the non-iodised salt coverage rate (NISCR) was 63·51 %. According to the GAM analysis results, water iodine and urinary iodine are factors that influence the Tvol and GR, while the NISCR affects only the GR. When the WIC was more than 420 µg/l or the urinary iodine concentration was more than 800 µg/l, the GR increased rapidly. When the NISCR reached more than 85 %, the GR was the lowest. Thus, in areas with high WIC, WIC more than 420 µg/l may increase the risk of goiter, and the NISCR should be increased to over 85 % to avoid goiters in children.
Dietary fiber intake and risk of prediabetes in China: results from the TCLSIH Cohort Study
Shunming Zhang, Ge Meng, Qing Zhang, Li Liu, Zhanxin Yao, Hongmei Wu, Yeqing Gu, Yawen Wang, Tingjing Zhang, Xuena Wang, Juanjuan Zhang, Shaomei Sun, Xing Wang, Ming Zhou, Qiyu Jia, Kun Song, Lu Qi, Kaijun Niu
Journal: British Journal of Nutrition / Accepted manuscript
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 September 2021, pp. 1-20
High dietary fiber intake has been associated with a lower risk of diabetes, but the association of dietary fiber with prediabetes is only speculative, especially in China, where the supportive data from prospective studies is lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and risk of incident prediabetes among Chinese adults. We performed a prospective analysis in 18,085 participants of the TCLSIH cohort study who were free of diabetes, prediabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary data were collected using a validated 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Prediabetes was defined based on the American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 63,175 person-years of follow-up, 4,139 cases of incident prediabetes occurred. The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of prediabetes for the highest versus lowest quartiles were 0.85 (0.75, 0.98) (P for trend =0.02) for total dietary fiber, 0.84 (0.74, 0.95) (P for trend <0.01) for soluble fiber, and 1.05 (0.93, 1.19) (P for trend =0.38) for insoluble fiber. Fiber from fruits, but not from cereals, beans, and vegetables was inversely associated with prediabetes. Our results indicate that intakes of total dietary fiber, soluble fiber, and fiber derived from fruit sources were associated with a lower risk of prediabetes.
Glucosamine use, smoking and risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a large prospective cohort study
Xi-Ru Zhang, Pei-Dong Zhang, Zhi-Hao Li, Pei Yang, Xiao-Meng Wang, Hua-Min Liu, Fen Liang, Jin-Dong Wang, Yu Sun, Dong Shen, Pei-Liang Chen, Wen-Fang Zhong, Qing-Mei Huang, Dan Liu, Zheng-He Wang, Virginia Byers Kraus, Chen Mao
Chronic inflammation exerts pleiotropic effects in the aetiology and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Glucosamine is widely used in many countries and may have anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association of regular glucosamine use with incident COPD risk and explore whether such association could be modified by smoking in the UK Biobank cohort, which recruited more than half a million participants aged 40–69 years from across the UK between 2006 and 2010. Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for potential confounding factors were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) as well as 95 % CI for the risk of incident COPD. During a median follow-up of 8·96 years (interquartile range 8·29–9·53 years), 9016 new-onset events of COPD were documented. We found that the regular use of glucosamine was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident COPD with multivariable adjusted HR of 0·80 (95 % CI, 0·75, 0·85; P < 0·001). When subgroup analyses were performed by smoking status, the adjusted HR for the association of regular glucosamine use with incident COPD were 0·84 (0·73, 0·96), 0·84 (0·77, 0·92) and 0·71 (0·62, 0·80) among never smokers, former smokers and current smokers, respectively. No significant interaction was observed between glucosamine use and smoking status (P for interaction = 0·078). Incident COPD could be reduced by 14 % to 84 % through a combination of regular glucosamine use and smoking cessation.
Geographic variations and determinants of EPA plus DHA and EPA alone in pregnant and lactating women from China
Shaohua Yin, Yu-bo Zhou, Hongtian Li, Ying Meng, Jian-Meng Liu
EPA and DHA are essential for maternal and fetal health, but epidemiological data are sparse in China. We examined the trends of EPA alone and a combination of EPA plus DHA in pregnant and lactating women in three distinct geographic regions in China and explored their potential influencing factors. A total of 1015 healthy women during mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy or lactation were recruited from Weihai (coastland), Yueyang (lakeland) and Baotou (inland) cities of China between May and July of 2014. Maternal EPA and DHA concentrations (percentage of total fatty acids) in plasma and erythrocytes were measured by capillary GC. Adjusted EPA plus DHA concentrations in both plasma and erythrocytes significantly declined from mid-pregnancy (2·92 %, 6·95 %) to late pregnancy (2·20 %, 6·42 %) and lactation (2·40 %, 6·29 %) (P trend < 0·001); and both concentrations were highest in coastland, followed by lakeland, and lowest in inland (P < 0·001). Regarding EPA alone, the concentrations were higher in women during lactation or late pregnancy and in women in coastland and inland areas. Moreover, concentrations of EPA or EPA plus DHA were higher in women with older age, higher education, higher annual family income per capita and higher dietary intake of marine aquatic product and mutton. In lactating women, erythrocyte EPA concentration was higher in those having breast-feeding partially v. exclusively. In conclusion, maternal plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of EPA plus DHA or EPA alone differed with geographic regions, physiological periods and maternal characteristics, indicating a need of population-specific health strategies to improve fatty acids status in pregnant and lactating women.
Auditory event-related potentials, neurocognition, and global functioning in drug naïve first-episode schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Xiaojing Li, Wei Deng, Rui Xue, Qiang Wang, Hongyan Ren, Wei Wei, Yamin Zhang, Mingli Li, Liansheng Zhao, Xiangdong Du, Yajing Meng, Xiaohong Ma, Mei-Hua Hall, Tao Li
Deficits in event-related potential (ERP) including duration mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a have been demonstrated widely in chronic schizophrenia (SZ) but inconsistent findings were reported in first-episode patients. Psychotropic medications and diagnosis might contribute to different findings on MMN/P3a ERP in first-episode patients. The present study examined MMN and P3a in first episode drug naïve SZ and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients and explored the relationships among ERPs, neurocognition and global functioning.
Twenty SZ, 24 BPD and 49 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Data of clinical symptoms [Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Young Manic Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)], neurocognition [Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CCFT), Delay Matching to Sample (DMS), Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP)], and functioning [Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST)] were collected. P3a and MMN were elicited using a passive auditory oddball paradigm.
Significant MMN and P3a deficits and impaired neurocognition were found in both SZ and BPD patients. In SZ, MMN was significantly correlated with FAST (r = 0.48) and CCFT (r = −0.31). In BPD, MMN was significantly correlated with DMS (r = −0.54). For P3a, RVP and FAST scores were significant predictors in SZ, whereas RVP, WAIS and FAST were significant predictors in BPD.
The present study found deficits in MMN, P3a, neurocognition in drug naïve SZ and BPD patients. These deficits appeared to link with levels of higher-order cognition and functioning.
The association between meat consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study and meta-analysis
Khemayanto Hidayat, Wan-Zhan Zhu, Si-Min Peng, Jin-Jin Ren, Meng-Lan Lu, Hai-Peng Wang, Jia-Ying Xu, Hui Zhou, Lu-Gang Yu, Li-Qiang Qin
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 August 2021, pp. 1-15
The findings regarding the associations between red meat, fish and poultry consumption, and the metabolic syndrome (Mets) have been inconclusive, and evidence from Chinese populations is scarce. A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the associations between red meat, fish and poultry consumption, and the prevalence of the Mets and its components among the residents of Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, China. A total of 4424 participants were eligible for the analysis. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the OR and 95 % CI for the prevalence of the Mets and its components according to red meat, fish and poultry consumption. In addition, the data of our cross-sectional study were meta-analysed under a random effects model along with those of published observational studies to generate the summary relative risks (RR) of the associations between the highest v. lowest categories of red meat, fish and poultry consumption and the Mets and its components. In the cross-sectional study, the multivariable-adjusted OR for the highest v. lowest quartiles of consumption was 1·23 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·48) for red meat, 0·83 (95 % CI 0·72, 0·97) for fish and 0·93 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·18) for poultry. In the meta-analysis, the pooled RR for the highest v. lowest categories of consumption was 1·20 (95 % CI 1·06, 1·35) for red meat, 0·88 (95 % CI 0·81, 0·96) for fish and 0·97 (95 % CI 0·85, 1·10) for poultry. The findings of both cross-sectional studies and meta-analyses indicated that the association between fish consumption and the Mets may be partly driven by the inverse association of fish consumption with elevated TAG and reduced HDL-cholesterol and, to a lesser extent, fasting plasma glucose. No clear pattern of associations was observed between red meat or poultry consumption and the components of the Mets. The current findings add weight to the evidence that the Mets may be positively associated with red meat consumption, inversely associated with fish consumption and neutrally associated with poultry consumption.
Understanding Singapore's dynamic parrot trade ecosystem
Anuj Jain, Scott Li Meng Aloysius, Heather Lim, Tim Plowden, Ding Li Yong, Jessica Grace Lee, Jacob Phelps
Journal: Oryx , First View
Singapore is prominent in the global trade of pet birds, primarily parrots. This includes its role as a key international transit hub, and also its growing domestic market, including for threatened species. There is a need to understand the trade beyond volumes and flows, including consumer knowledge, preferences and behaviours, and interactions with vendors, hobbyist groups and supporting industries. We used three methods to examine this: (1) a questionnaire with stakeholders (including parrot owners, hobbyist group members, breeders and supporting industry professionals), about the motivations for parrot ownership and interest in sustainable trade, (2) semi-structured interviews with key informants about trade dynamics, and (3) a review of online hobbyist groups. Based on our findings, we provide an initial mapping of the country's parrot trade ecosystem. Fifty-one per cent of respondents claimed to be a member of a parrot hobbyist group and 64% agreed their participation in such groups had encouraged them to purchase more parrots. The majority (71%) of parrot owners reported a preference for captive-bred rather than wild-caught parrots, and 72% were concerned about the illegal hunting of parrots for commercial trade. Most were willing to pay more (70%) and wait longer (73%) to procure a sustainably sourced parrot. Our approach presents the wildlife trade as a complex social phenomenon, with multiple physical and online channels, regulatory challenges, social networks, and evolving consumer preferences. We also document the pivotal role of hobbyist groups and their untapped potential to leverage these networks to improve sustainable trade.
In-situ ETEM observation of intergranular oxidation of copper
Xianhu Sun, Richard Garza, Xiaobo Chen, Meng Li, Stephen House, Wissam Saidi, Judith Yang, Guangwen Zhou
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 July 2021, pp. 1308-1311
In situ visualization of superior nanomechanical flexibility of individual ydroxyapatite nanobelts
Mei-li Qi, Zhen-nan Huang, Wen-tao Yao, Fei Long, Meng Cheng, Boao Song, David Banner, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Yu-peng Lu, Tolou Shokuhfar
Multiscale vacancy and dislocation-mediated surface segregation in CuNi alloy up to microsecond timescales with accelerated dynamics
Richard Garza, Jiyoung Lee, Mai Nguyen, Andrew Garmon, Meng Li, Danny Perez, Graeme Henkelman, Judith Yang, Wissam Saidi
In situ ETEM study of surface reconstruction formation on stepped Cu surfaces during oxidation
Meng Li, Matthew Curnan, Richard Garza, Stephen House, Wissam Saidi, Judith Yang
THE IMMERSION CYCLE: UNDERSTANDING IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCES THROUGH A CYCLICAL MODEL
Cesar Lucho Lingan, Meng Li, Arnold P.O.S. Vermeeren
Journal: Proceedings of the Design Society / Volume 1 / August 2021
The present work introduces a cyclical model which showcases the process of immersion during Immersive Technological Experiences (ITEs) such as Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality. This model is based on the identified concepts around immersion and immersive environments across 30 years. The concepts' similarities were used to organize them on a cyclical model by acknowledging the user's presence at the beginning and end of immersive experiences. The proposed model's value relies on its cyclical approach based on a user-centred perspective and having a general overview of the immersion process. The Immersive cycle can serve as a mapping tool for developers and researchers, thanks to the inclusion of guidelines that complements the model. Both of these were used in three different examples of ITEs. Furthermore, the cyclical model could be used as a tool for ideation and conceptualization during the early stages of developing immersive experiences. Nevertheless, it is recognized that this is the first step in developing this model; therefore, it still needs to be validated and improved based on tests with developers, designers and researchers in the field.
Identification and dynamic expression profiling of circadian clock genes in Spodoptera litura provide new insights into the regulation of sex pheromone communication
Ji-Wei Xu, Lu-Lu Li, Meng Wang, Hui-Hui Yang, Wei-Chen Yao, Youssef Dewer, Xiu-Yun Zhu, Ya-Nan Zhang
Journal: Bulletin of Entomological Research , First View
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 July 2021, pp. 1-13
Spodoptera litura is an important pest that causes significant economic damage to numerous crops worldwide. Sex pheromones (SPs) mediate sexual communication in S. litura and show a characteristic degree of rhythmic activity, occurring mainly during the scotophase; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we employed a genome-wide analysis to identify eight candidate circadian clock genes in S. litura. Sequence characteristics and expression patterns were analyzed. Our results demonstrated that some circadian clock genes might regulate the biosynthesis and perception of SPs by regulating the rhythmic expression of SP biosynthesis-related genes and SP perception-related genes. Interestingly, all potential genes exhibited peak expression in the scotophase, consistent with the SP could mediate courtship and mating behavior in S. litura. Our findings are helpful in elucidating the molecular mechanism by which circadian clock genes regulate sexual communication in S. litura.
Study on association between height, weight, iodine supplementation and thyroid volume
Lanchun Liu, Lixiang Liu, Ming Li, Yang Du, Peng Liu, Lijun Fan, Fangang Meng
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 July 2021, pp. 1-9
The policy of Universal Salt Iodisation (USI) could reduce population's thyroid volume (TVOL) in iodine deficiency areas. Conversely, the improved growth and developmental status of children might increase the TVOL accordingly. Whether the decreased TVOL by USI conceals the increase effect of height and weight on TVOL is unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between height, weight, iodine supplementation and TVOL. Five national Iodine Deficiency Disorder surveys were matched into four pairs according to the purpose of analysis. County-level data of both detected by paired surveys were incorporated; 1:1 random pairing method was used to match counties or individuals. The difference of TVOL between different height, weight, different iodine supplementation measures groups and the association between TVOL and them were studied. The mean height and weight of children aged 8–10 years increased from 129·9 cm and 26·9 kg in 2002 to 136·2 cm and 32·1 kg in 2019, while the median TVOL decreased from 3·10 ml to 2·61 ml. Iodine supplementation measures can affect TVOL; after excluding iodine effects, the median TVOL was increased with the height and weight. On the other side, after excluding the influence of height and weight, the median TVOL remained decreased. Only age, weight and salt iodine were significantly associated with TVOL in multiple linear models. Development of height and weight in children is the evidence of improved nutrition. The decreased TVOL caused by iodised salt measures conceals the increase effect of height and weight on TVOL. Age, weight and salt iodine affect TVOL significantly.
Kidney function decline is associated with an accelerated increase in plasma homocysteine in older adults: a longitudinal study
Hui Zhang, Yi Li, Meng Hao, Xiaoyan Jiang, Jiucun Wang, Li Jin, Zhijun Bao, Xiaofeng Wang
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 May 2021, pp. 1-7
Few studies have been conducted to investigate the association of kidney function decline with the trajectories of homocysteine (Hcy) over time, using repeated measurements. We aimed to investigate the association of kidney function with changes in plasma Hcy levels over time. Data were collected from the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study. In detail, plasma Hcy and creatinine levels were measured in both waves (waves 2, 3 and 4) during the 3·5-year follow-up (n 1135). Wave 2 was regarded as the baseline survey. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated based on creatinine. Subjects were categorised into four groups according to quartiles of eGFR at baseline. Linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate the association of eGFR with subsequent plasma Hcy levels. The mean eGFR at baseline was 90·84 (sd 11·42) ml/min per 1·73 m2. The mean plasma Hcy level was 14·09 (sd 6·82) at baseline and increased to 16·28 (sd 8·27) and 17·36 (sd 10·39) μmol/l during follow-ups. In the crude model, the interaction between time and eGFR at baseline was significant (β = −0·02, 95 % CI −0·02, −0·01, P = 0·002). After adjusting for confounding factors, a significant relationship remained (β = −0·02, 95 % CI −0·02, −0·01, P = 0·003), suggesting that kidney function decline at baseline was associated with a faster increase in Hcy levels. Kidney function decline is associated with a more pronounced increase in plasma Hcy levels. Further studies with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are needed to validate our findings.
Quantifying Real-Time Sample Temperature Under the Gas Environment in the Transmission Electron Microscope Using a Novel MEMS Heater
Meng Li, De-Gang Xie, Xi-Xiang Zhang, Judith C. Yang, Zhi-Wei Shan
Journal: Microscopy and Microanalysis / Volume 27 / Issue 4 / August 2021
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 May 2021, pp. 758-766
Accurate control and measurement of real-time sample temperature are critical for the understanding and interpretation of the experimental results from in situ heating experiments inside environmental transmission electron microscope (ETEM). However, quantifying the real-time sample temperature remains a challenging task for commercial in situ TEM heating devices, especially under gas conditions. In this work, we developed a home-made micro-electrical-mechanical-system (MEMS) heater with unprecedented small temperature gradient and thermal drift, which not only enables the temperature evolution caused by gas injection to be measured in real-time but also makes the key heat dissipation path easier to model to theoretically understand and predict the temperature decrease. A new parameter termed as "gas cooling ability (H)", determined purely by the physical properties of the gas, can be used to compare and predict the gas-induced temperature decrease by different gases. Our findings can act as a reference for predicting the real temperature for in situ heating experiments without closed-loop temperature sensing capabilities in the gas environment, as well as all gas-related heating systems.
The impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive and control interventions on other infectious diseases in China
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
XJ Meng, X Huang, F Zhou, YW Wang, CH Li, AH Wu
Journal: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , First View


Just the other day, I was walking to my car and a man came up to me. His hand was outstretched and he asked if the coffee I was holding was two creams, one sugar. I said no, I drink my coffee black. I continued to walk because I was on my way to work. He walked alongside me until I made it to my car. As we were walking, he offered to pay me for my coffee, and as I was pulling away in my car, he yelled that he would give me his number for my coffee. Now, this is not the first time this has happened to me. It's not a frequent occurrence, but it does happen.
It happens more frequently to other woman though. 85% of women, ages 18-24, have received unwanted sexual attention in public places, such as the one I described. Some women enjoy being catcalled. In 2014, Doree Lewak, of the New York Post, wrote an article called "Hey, ladies — catcalls are flattering! Deal with it." She reaffirmed every catcalling males' logic by agreeing that catcalling is flattering. Any compliment we, as women, receive should inflate our ego and make us feel better about ourselves. Up until this point, people have complained here or there, but nothing has amounted to anything more than a couple comments. Until now.
On June 18, a 37-year old woman from Atlanta named CJ took to social media to air her complaints. On Twitter, she wrote: "'He blocked me from walking to the register when I was ignoring him in CVS and we been together since that day!' – NO WOMAN EVER". Although she did not plan for her tweet to become a sensation and no woman ever to become a trending hashtag worldwide, that is exactly what happened. Over the course of 24 hours, her attempt to use snark and sarcasm to shed light on an underrated societal problem became a phenomenon.
Over the course of a week, people from all over the world have expressed their support to CJ's cause. News sources such as Mashable, The Telegraph, and ABC have covered the growing social media campaign against street harassment. Buzzfeed covered street harassment in eight different countries. In Australia, 87% of women have experienced verbal or physical street harassment. It is usually delivered by people in cars with honking, leering and yelling. In France, 100% of women have been harassed on public transportation. In India, there is a different word for it: eve-teasing. This involves either being stared at like you're an animal or being serenaded with sleazy Bollywood songs. The term street harassment is not recognized in Japan; instead, it is called suspicious greetings. People lure a person into their cars in order to sexually attack or abduct them. This happens to more than just women; it also happens to children and other adults. Kenya has managed to avoid street harassment because the women dress extremely conservatively. Mexico has catcalling, but it avoids overly aggressive actions. In the U.K., street harassment is seen as friendly banter.
Street harassment in the United States has the same reception as in the United Kingdom. These harassers believe they have the right to say whatever they want to a perfect stranger. They think the only way to meet a woman is to approach them on the street. #NoWomanEver combats this belief and forces these men to realize that no woman is ever asking for their unwanted advances.
Women are not just using #NoWomanEver to combat street harassment; they are also using it to combat other gender discrimination issues.
#NoWomanEver is not alone. It is accompanied by similar hashtags from around the world, such as #StopHarcelementDeRue in France, #MyFirstPublicIndecency in India and #MyDressMyChoice in Kenya. A recording of 100-plus unwanted comments directed at a woman over a ten-hour span was released by Hollaback, a nonprofit advocating to end street harassment. The video went viral and received over a million views and 27,000 comments in less than one day. Fusion's video about street harassment was retweeted 256 times.
This social media campaign has allowed women to express their concern about street harassment. It continues to gain momentum as the harassment refuses to cease. Men are attacking CJ for launching the campaign, explaining their beliefs about complimenting women and boosting their egos. But there are men going to Internet to support the movement. As this continues to grow, we can hope that women will continue to speak out and finally put an end street harassment.


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Michael "Mike" Gehrke (* 6. November 1943 in Hannover; † 3. Juni 2004 ebenda) war ein deutscher Jazzorganisator. Er war "Stadtimagepfleger" von Hannover und in seiner Heimatstadt auch als "Mr. Jazz" bekannt.

Leben
Nach seiner kaufmännischen Ausbildung besuchte Gehrke eine Werbefachschule und war zeitweise in den USA. Seit 1968 war Gehrke Vorsitzender des Jazz Club Hannover und Vizepräsident der Europäischen Jazzföderation. Von 1969 bis 1972 war er Verwaltungsleiter des Kunstvereins Hannover.

Gehrke wird häufig mit dem Altstadt-Flohmarkt in Hannover, dem ältesten in Deutschland, identifiziert. Am 8. April 1967 veranstaltete der Aktionskünstler Reinhard Schamuhn nach einer Idee des hannoverschen Journalisten Klaus Partzsch vor dem Leibnizhaus einen Trödelmarkt. Daraus entwickelte sich in der Folge der Flohmarkt am Hohen Ufer, dessen Organisation Gehrke übernahm.

Im Juni 1972 wurde Gehrke zum hauptamtlichen Imagepfleger ernannt, mit Zuständigkeit für das Altstadtfest, das Straßenkunstprogramm, die Stadtwerbung und die Durchführung des Flohmarktes. Ab 1973 war er als Leiter des von Martin Neuffer neu geschaffenen Amtes für Kommunikationsförderung der Stadt tätig, das auch für die Kontaktpflege zur Bürgerschaft und die "Betreuung" von Bürgerinitiativen zuständig war.

Im Gedächtnis der Hannoveraner blieb Gehrke, der selbst in den 1960er Jahren eine Dixieland-Band leitete und auch in den 1980er Jahren in einer von ihm gegründeten Band (Salty Dogs) gelegentlich sang, besonders als Organisator der jährlichen Jazz-Tage und des Festivals Swinging Hannover am Himmelfahrtstag. 1978 verlieh New Orleans als "Wiege des Jazz" Gehrke und darauf auch dem Jazzclub Hannover die Ehrenbürgerschaft.

1994 wurde er für sein jahrzehntelanges ehrenamtliches Engagement für die Musik mit dem Verdienstkreuz des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und im Jahre 2000 mit dem Verdienstkreuz am Bande des Niedersächsischen Verdienstordens ausgezeichnet.

Mike Gehrkes Grab findet sich auf dem Stadtfriedhof Engesohde.

In der Telefonwarteschleife der Stadt Hannover begrüßt Gehrkes Stimme nach wie vor Anrufende und bittet um Geduld. Das dazu gespielte Musikstück wurde vom Pianisten Max Vax komponiert. Nach Gehrke ist am Leineufer nahe dem samstäglichen Flohmarkt ein Fußgängerweg als Mike-Gehrke-Promenade benannt worden.

Literatur

Drucke
 Gerhard Evertz (Hrsg.): Ein Club macht Jazz. 25 Jahre Jazz-Club Hannover. Jazz-Club Hannover, Hannover 1991.
 All that Jazz, 2007, passim.
 Helmut Knocke, Hugo Thielen: Gehrke, Mike (Michael). In: Hannover Kunst- und Kultur-Lexikon. S. 236.
 Hugo Thielen: Gehrke, Mike. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Hrsg.) u. a.: Stadtlexikon Hannover. Von den Anfängen bis in die Gegenwart. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9, S. 207.
 Vanessa Erstmann: "Vorwärts nach weit" – Mike Gehrke und die Imagepolitik Hannovers; In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter 65 (2011), Hannover 2011

Elektronische Ressourcen
 Gerhard Evertz: Jazz. Eine Zeitreise durch das Hannover der 40er- bis 60er-Jahre. Compact Disc-R (CD-R) plus Beilage, Platanenhof 32, Hannover 2004
 Music for Mike. CD, Interpret: Mike Gehrke. Ingo Schmidt, Hannover [ohne Datum] ().

Weblinks
 Beschreibung der Dixieland-Band Salty Dogs

Einzelnachweise

Kultur (Hannover)
Person (Hannover)
Jazz-Sänger
Person (Jazz)
Träger des Bundesverdienstkreuzes am Bande
Träger des Verdienstkreuzes des Niedersächsischen Verdienstordens (am Bande)
Ehrenbürger von New Orleans
Deutscher
Geboren 1943
Gestorben 2004
Mann

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Arrest made in hit-and-run that killed Army vet
A man has turned himself in after an Indianapolis Army veteran was left brain dead in an east-side hit-and-run.
Arrest made in hit-and-run that killed Army vet A man has turned himself in after an Indianapolis Army veteran was left brain dead in an east-side hit-and-run. Check out this story on IndyStar.com: http://indy.st/2G1wch5
IndyStar Published 7:51 p.m. ET March 6, 2018
Joseph Nordstrom(Photo: Foc59)
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind. — A man has been arrested in connection with a hit-and-run crash that killed an Army sergeant on the east side on Saturday, Feb. 24, reports Fox59.
IMPD says 58-year-old Michael Lipscomb turned himself in Tuesday. He's being charged with failing to stop at an accident resulting in death and failing to stop at an accident resulting in serious bodily injury.
Authorities were called to the scene in the 400 block of Southeastern Ave. just after 3 a.m. Saturday. When first responders arrived, they found 30-year-old Joseph Nordstrom 36-year-old Angie Ruhlig had been struck.
Despite life-saving efforts, Nordstrom died from his injuries. Police did not provide an updated condition for Ruhlig.
Nordstrom's family told Fox59 that he was 11-year veteran with the Army Reserves, including a tour in Afghanistan. He planned on deploying later this year overseas to work on Black Hawk helicopters.
This story originally published on Fox59.com.
Read or Share this story: http://indy.st/2G1wch5
Manual's graduation rate plunges after state audit

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Please join our community convening as we learn and explore strategies to prevent further harm and directly address racial equity to close wealth divides.
Debt can crush souls and our economy. It has long been an instrument of racial inequality. Nearly 1 in 4 people in Washington state hold debt in collections, while nearly 1 in 3 people of color hold debt in collections. Debt impacts health, access to education, employment, housing, and even the right to vote, continually constraining life chances for individuals and their families. At the same time the magnitude of debt is weighing down our economy as people can't afford to purchase a home, buy a car, start a business, or create new families.
Please join the discussion as we dive into the national scope and scale of the types of debt and their impact. We'll also take a closer look at court ordered and consumer debt in Washington state, including recently released research from Pierce County.
We'll discuss strategies to prevent or mitigate debt or insure that consumer debt is secured under the best terms. We'll explore local solutions already in play as well as new solutions to consider and together identify potential ideas and strategies and raise questions for further exploration.


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Junior School Policies
Senior School Policies
About Future Developments
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Junior, Infant and Pre-School
Senior School and Sixth Form
Headmistress' Welcome
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School Curriculum – PSHE
All members of staff are automatically involved in the personal and social development of pupils and make a valuable contribution to PSHE in the following ways:
Informally through the relationships that develop between pupils and staff.
More formally through assemblies, tutorials and the guidance that is given for option choices, careers, etc.
Many subjects offer courses and topics which relate to an area of personal and social development and address various health issues.
The inclusion of a PSHE programme in school seeks to promote the emotional, social, health and economic development of all pupils.
The PSHE programme at Kirkham Grammar School challenges the individual, it causes pupils to question themselves, their experiences and their understanding of life in an informative and supportive environment. The programme of study aims:
To promote the development of self-awareness, self-respect and self-confidence.
To enable pupils to develop skills needed for good study and learning, and for sound decision making.
To help pupils develop skills of sensitivity and tolerance in personal relationships, which will enable them to relate well with other people in all walks of life, in the home, in the school and in the wider community.
To help young people to accept their responsibilities towards other people in a thoughtful and caring way, in every kind of relationship which they are likely to experience.
To develop in all young people a sense of involvement and responsibility for the future: their own individual future, and the future of society and the world.
To encourage pupils to explore their own values and beliefs and to develop an interest in and understanding of their beliefs and values of the various cultures and groups that exist in today's multi-cultural society.
It should promote powers of communication, analysis and decision-making, study skills, strength of character and the senses of responsibility, independence and self-worth.
First and Second Years undertake a full PSHE programme delivered by means of one timetabled period per week. They explore relationships, health education, development of self and study skills.
In the Lower School all students undertake some PSHE work in tutorials which is age appropriate and uses a variety of materials. Pupils participate in pairs and group discussion, role plays and attend enrichment experiences when appropriate.
Pupils in the First and Second Years also undertake the school's Enrichment Programme. Currently this comprises courses in philosophical skills and computer coding.
Philosophical Skills
The aim of this course is to teach pupils the skills required to discuss challenging philosophical questions in a reasonable and respectful manner. It is very much a skills-based course, so there is almost no philosophical content to cover, instead the goal is to give pupils the linguistic and other skills necessary to think and argue about difficult and interesting concepts. Pupils are encouraged to think hard about the question under discussion and to contribute to a class discussion. Typical questions that may be considered are "Are there circumstances in which it is right to lie?", "Can we trust our senses?"
There is a growing body of educational research that shows that the introduction of teaching of "philosophical skills" into schools has the effect of improving pupils' achievement across the whole curriculum. It is thought that this is because pupils gain an understanding of concepts such as "therefore", "depends on", "because" and "necessary" which are useful to them across the curriculum. There is also clear evidence of a decrease in pastoral problems and it is thought that this is because pupils have learnt to accept another's point of view as well as gaining the skills required to express their own point of view.
Students will start the year using Kodu which is a visual programming package used to teach creativity, design, problem solving and storytelling alongside more formal programming concepts. The game-based software keeps the students interested and engaged whilst allowing a full range of abilities to develop a computerised world with multiple levels of interaction. The scope of the course is to progress onto more traditional programming languages, such as Python, once the logical structures of coding have been introduced and to also develop an understanding of how computers work.
All the pupils in the Third Year undertake a 'Wellbeing and Resilience Course' taught for one lesson every two weeks. This involves exploring what makes us happy; ways of increasing our self-esteem and confidence; goal setting; the importance of sleep and regular exercise; creating a positive mindset and reframing negative thoughts into positive ones. This is taught alongside a 'mindfulness' module to help pupils appreciate what is going well but also have strategies to respond more skilfully in the here and now to life's inevitable challenges.
All Middle School pupils are offered enrichment opportunities in the form of designated sessions on health and career issues, and visiting speakers are used as appropriate.
Presentations, PSHE topics and other events on a wide range of issues occur as part of the tutorial programme and workshops.
Visits and visiting speakers are arranged where relevant.
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Delrey School offers rewarding employment opportunities for special education teachers, physical and occupational therapists, speech/language pathologists, nurses, social workers, instructional assistants and daycare providers. The multidisciplinary approach and low student-to-staff ratio promotes teamwork among our employees. The experienced professionals serve as mentors to those are new to the field.
Delrey School follows the Baltimore County Public School System schedule for holidays, inclement weather closings, etc. Competitive salaries and generous benefit packages are also offered.
Call 410-314-5000 or email delreyschool@unified.org for a list of current employment opportunities.


My name is Zack Teague, I write about current events that effect central Illinois, the state of Illinois and the United States, its' people and our commons. Regular segments on Justice and Democracy as well as their counterparts Injustice and Oppression can be found in the Tabs above. I believe that our American society can and should evolve, that our potential has not yet be reached and that it is the duty of the people, against injustice and oppression to continue the fight for freedom and justice in this country. I do not claim to be their voice, just one of many in a crowed doing my best, against all odds to have my voice heard. Please enjoy the reading; I sure as hell will enjoy the writing.