text:
Title: Lakshadweep
Subject: Minicoy, India, Malayalam, South India, 72nd meridian east
Collection: 1498 Establishments in the Portuguese Empire, 1545 Disestablishments in the Portuguese Empire, 1956 Establishments in India, 5Th-Century Establishments in Asia, Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean, Atolls of India, Districts in India, Former British Colonies, Former Portuguese Colonies, Islands of Lakshadweep, Lakshadweep, Populated Places Established in the 5Th Century, South India, States and Territories Established in 1956
ലക്ഷദ്വീപ്
A beach at Kavaratti
Nickname(s): Laccadives
• Administrator
H. Rajesh Prasad IAS
• MP
Mohammed Faizal P. P. (Nationalist Congress Party)
32 km2 (12 sq mi)
Population (2011 Census)
• Official
Malayalam, English[1]
Mahl (Dhivehi) is spoken on Minicoy Island.
• Ethnic groups
≈84.33% Malayali
≈15.67% Mahls
ISO 3166 code
IN-LD
No. of districts
Andrott
HDI Year
HDI Category
.in.gov.lakshadweepwww
Lakshadweep (, , Lakshadīb, Malayalam: ലക്ഷദ്വീപ്, Mahl: ލަކްޝަދީބު), formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, and Aminidivi Islands (),[2] is a group of islands in the Laccadive Sea, 200 to 440 kilometres (120 to 270 mi) off the south western coast of India. The archipelago is a Union Territory and is governed by the Union Government of India. They were also known as Laccadive Islands, although geographically this is only the name of the central subgroup of the group. Lakshadweep comes from "Lakshadweepa", which means "one hundred thousand islands" in Sanskrit as well as many Indian languages like Telugu, Malayalam, Tulu, Kannada, Hindi, Tamil and others.[3][4] The islands form the smallest Union Territory of India: their total surface area is just 32 square kilometres (12 sq mi).2 The lagoon area covers about 4,200 square kilometres (1,600 sq mi), the territorial waters area 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) and the exclusive economic zone area 400,000 square kilometres (150,000 sq mi). The region forms a single Indian district with ten sub divisions. Kavaratti serves as the capital of the Union Territory and the region comes under the jurisdiction of Kerala High Court. The islands are the northernmost of the Lakshadweep-Maldives-Chagos group of islands, which are the tops of a vast undersea mountain range, the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge.[5]
As the islands do not have any aboriginal groups, different views have been postulated by the scholars about the history of habitation on these islands. Archaeological evidence support the existence of human settlement in the region around 1500 BC. The islands have long been known to sailors, as indicated by an anonymous reference from the first century AD to the region in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The islands were referenced also in the Buddhist Jataka stories of the 6th century BC. The arrival of Muslim missionaries around 7th century led to the advent of Islam in the region. During the medieval period the region was ruled by the Chola dynasty and Kingdom of Cannanore. The Portuguese arrived around 1498 and were upstaged by 1545. The region was then ruled by the Muslim house of Arakkal, followed by Tipu Sultan. On his death in 1799 most of the region passed on to the British and with their departure the Union Territory was formed in 1956.
Ten of the islands are inhabited. At the 2011 Indian census the population of the Union Territory was 64,473. The majority of the indigenous population is Muslim and most of them belong to the Shafi School of the Sunni Sect. The islanders are ethnically similar to the Malayali people of the nearest Indian state of Kerala. Most of the population speaks Malayalam with Mahi (or Mahl) being the most spoken language in Minicoy island. The islands are served by an airport on the Agatti island. The main occupation of the people is fishing and coconut cultivation, with tuna being the main item of export.
Independent India 1.1
India's Coral Islands 2.1
Flora and fauna 2.2
Government and administration 3
Demographics 4
Fisheries 7.1
Desalination 7.3
Transport and tourism 8
Several views have been postulated about the history of the habitation of the islands as they do not have any aboriginal groups. A mention of the region in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, by an anonymous author, is one of the earliest references.[6] There are references to the control of the islands by the Cheras in the Sangam literature Pathitruppaththu. Local traditions and legends attribute the first settlement on these islands to the period of Cheraman Perumal, the last Chera king of Kerala.[7] The oldest inhabited islands in the group are Amini, Kalpeni Andrott, Kavaratti and Agatti. Archaeological evidence suggests that Buddhism prevailed in the region during the 5th-6th century CE.[6] According to popular tradition, Islam was brought to Lakshadweep by an Arab named Ubaidulla in 661 CE. His grave is located in the island of Andrott.[8] During the 11th century, the islands came under the rule of the Late Cholas.[6] The region then came under the Kingdom of Cannanore.[9]
In the 16th century the Portuguese ruled the seas between Ormuz and the Malabar Coast -and down to Ceylon. As early as 1498 they took control of the archipelago (called Laquedivas by them), later on to exploit coir production, until the islanders expelled them in 1545. In the 17th century, the islands came under the rule of Ali Rajahs/Arakkal Bheevi of Kannur, who received them as a gift from the Kolathiris. The islands are also mentioned in great detail in the stories of the Arab traveller Ibn Batuta.[10]
The Aminidivi group of islands (Androth, Amini, Kadmat, Kiltan, Chetlath and Bitra) came under the rule of Tipu Sultan in 1787. They passed to British control after the Third Anglo-Mysore War and were attached to South Canara. The rest of the islands came under the suzerainty of the Arakkal family of Cannanore in return for a payment of annual tribute. The British took over the administration of those islands for non-payment of arrears. These islands were attached to the Malabar district of the Madras Presidency during the British Raj.[11]
It was part of Maldives islands before it was handed over to India due to the distance between Maldives and Lakshadweep (Maliku) made it difficult to manage and provide basic necessities. In 1956, during the reorganization of Indian states, the Lakshadweep islands were organized into a separate union territory for administrative purposes.
To safeguard India's vital shipping lanes to the Middle East, and the growing relevance of the islands in security considerations, an Indian Navy base, INS Dweeprakshak, was commissioned on Kavaratti island.[12]
A DXpedition (VU7AG) by amateur radio operators was run on Agatti Island during November 2013.
Lakshadweep Islands map
One of the uninhabited islands in Bangaram Atoll, Lakshadweep
Satellite picture showing the atolls of the Lakshadweep except for Minicoy
Worms-eye view of the lighthouse in Minicoy Island
Lakshadweep is an archipelago of twelve atolls, three reefs and five submerged banks, with a total of about thirty-nine islands and islets. The reefs are in fact also atolls, although mostly submerged, with only small unvegetated sand cays above the high-water mark. The submerged banks are sunken atolls. Almost all the atolls have a northeast-southwest orientation with the islands lying on the eastern rim, and a mostly submerged reef on the western rim, enclosing a lagoon. It has 10 inhabited islands, 17 uninhabited islands, attached islets, 4 newly formed islets and 5 submerged reefs.[13]
The main islands are Kavaratti, Agatti, Minicoy, and Amini. The total population of the territory is 60,595 according to the 2001 census. Agatti has an airport with direct flights from Kochi.
India's Coral Islands
The Aminidivi group of islands (consisting of Amini, Keltan, Chetlat, Kadamat, Bitra and Perumal Par) and the Laccadive group of islands (comprising mainly Androth, Kalpeni, Kavaratti, Pitti and Suheli Par), both have a submarine connection between them. Together with Minicoy Island, located at the southern end of the 200 km broad Nine Degree Channel, they form the Coral Islands of India in the Arabian Sea. All these islands have been built up by corals and have fringing coral reefs very close to their shores.[14]
Two banks further north are not considered part of the group:
Angria Bank
Adas Bank
The atolls, reefs and banks are listed from north to south in the table:
Atoll/Reef/Bank
(alternate name)
No. of
Aminidivi Islands
Cora Divh bank - 339.45 - -
Sesostris Bank bank - 388.53 - -
Bassas de Pedro
(Munyal Par, Padua Bank) bank - 2474.33 - -
Cherbaniani Reef (Beleapani Reef) reef 0.01 172.59 2 -
Byramgore Reef (Chereapani) reef 0.01 57.46 1 -
Chetlat Island atoll 1.14 1.60 1 2,289
Bitrā Island atoll 0.10 45.61 2 264
Kiltān Island atoll 2.20 1.76 1 3,664
Kadmat Island (Cardamom) atoll 3.20 37.50 1 5,319
Elikalpeni Bank bank - 95.91 - -
Perumal Par reef 0.01 83.02 1 -
Amini Island 1) atoll 2.59 155.091) 1 7,340
Laccadive Islands
Agatti Island (Agatti) atoll 2.70 4.84 1 8,000
Bangaram Island (Bangaram) atoll 2.30 4.84 1 61
Pitti Island 1) islet 1) 0.01 155.09 1) 1 -
Androth Island (Andrott) atoll 4.90 4.84 1 10,720
Kavaratti Island atoll 4.22 4.96 1 10,113
Kalpeni Island atoll 2.79 25.60 7 4,319
Suheli Par atoll 0.57 78.76 2 -
Investigator Bank bank - 141.78 - -
Minicoy Island atoll 4.80 30.60 2 9,495
Lakshadweep 32.69 4203.14 32 60,595 08°16'-13°58'N,
71°44°-74°24'E
1) Amini Island and Pitti Island are both on Pitti Bank,
a largely sunken atoll with a lagoon area of 155.09 km2
2) Bangaram and Agatti Islands are connected by a shallow submarine ridge
3) new international tourist resort,
otherwise uninhabited, but with a population 61 at the 1990 census
The Lakshadweep Archipelago forms a terrestrial ecoregion together with the Maldives and the Chagos.[15] It has over 600 species of marine fishes, 78 species of corals, 82 species of seaweed, 52 species of crabs, 2 species of lobsters, 48 species of gastropods, 12 species of bivalves, 101 species of birds.[16] It is one of the four coral reef regions in India.[17] The corals are a major attraction for the tourist. Pitti Island, is an important breeding place for sea turtles and for a number of pelagic birds such as the brown noddy (Anous stolidus), lesser crested tern (Sterna bengalensis) and greater crested tern (Sterna bergii).[18] The island has been declared a bird sanctuary.[19]
The region does not have a rich flora and almost all the plants can be found on the mainland of India. There is also an absence of forest in the region. Nearly 400 species of flowering plants have been documented, including three species of sea grasses Cymodocia isoetifolia, Syringodium isoetifolium and Thalassia hemprichii, other angiosperms as Pandanus, Heliotropium foertherianum, Tournefortia argentea and Pemphis acidula as well as fungi, algae, lichens are also found. The common flora of the coral sands include coconut groves and coastal shrubs as Pemphis acidula, Cordia subcordata, Scaevola taccada, Thespesia populnea, Suriana maritime, Dodonaea viscosa, Guettarda speciosa and seaweeds such as sea lettuces, Codium and Hypena.[16][20]
Government and administration
Lakshadweep forms a single Indian district and is governed by an administrator appointed by the President of India under article 239 of the constitution. The present administrator is H. Rajesh Prasad[21] There are 10 Sub Divisions of the territory. In Minicoy and Agatti the Sub Division is under a Deputy Collector while in the remaining 8 islands developmental activities are coordinated by Sub Divisional Officers. The Collector cum Development Commissioner who is also the District Magistrate oversees matters coming under District Administration, such as revenue, land settlement, law and order. The District Magistrate is assisted by one Additional District Magistrate and Ten Executive Magistrates with respect to enforcement of law and order. Administrator in his capacity as Inspector General of Lakshadweep Police has command and control of the Lakshadweep Police. Administration Secretariat is in Kavaratti.[22] The union territory comes under the jurisdiction of the Kerala High Court at Kochi along with a system of lower courts.[23] The territory elects one member to the Lok Sabha (lower house of the Parliament of India).[24]
According to the 2011 census Lakshadweep has a population of 64,429,[25] roughly equal in number to that of the Marshall Islands.[26] This gives it a ranking of 627th among the 640 districts in India.[25] The district has a population density of 2,013 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,210/sq mi).[25] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 6.23%.[25] Lakshadweep has a sex ratio of 946 females for every 1000 males,[25] and a literacy rate of 92.28%.[25]
Most people of Lakshadweep are descendants of migrants from the Malabar Coast of southwest India and the islanders are ethnically similar to coastal Kerala's Malayali people. More than 93% of the population who are indigenous, are Muslims and the majority of them belong to the Shafi School of the Sunni Sect. The southernmost and second largest island of Minicoy has an ethnically Mahls population that are native to the Maldives.[13][27]
Religion in State (2011)[28]
Hinduism (2.77%)
Islam (96.57%)
Christianity (0.49%)
Sikhism (0.01%)
Buddhism (0.01%)
Jainism (0.01%)
Other Religions (0.02%)
Atheist (0.001%)
The inhabitants of Lakshadweep are known to practice different religious customs that were once propounded by the Sheikh Ubaidullah[29] who is believed to be the propagator of Islam religion in Lakshadweep.
There are several festivals that have originated in the island of Lakshadweep to mark the eminence of Islam. Eid-Ul-Fitr, Muharram, Bakra Eid and Milad-Un-Nabi are the prominent occasions when the people of the island gather in various mosques to commemorate the holy sermons of the various prophets.
Religion of Lakshadweep is characterized by certain unusual festivals too that are found in the core ethnic groups of the place. Moulood is one such religious event when the islanders offer prayers to the divine power and eat in groups. The festival of Ratheeb is another uncommon occasion which originated in the Kavaratti region of Lakshadweep. The grave of Sheikh Kasim, one of the respected saints of Islam is praised during Ratheeb by the people of the island to gather his holy blessings.
The Sunni branch of Islam is the predominant faith.
Languages of Lakshadweep in 2001[30]
Malayalam (85.00%)
Others (15.00%)
The principal languages of Lakshadweep are Malayalam, Jeseri (Dweep Bhasha) and Mahl.[31] The people of all the northern islands speak a dialect of Malayalam with Tamil and Arabic similar to Arwi influenced by extensive trade activities of these people. The people of Minicoy, the southernmost atoll, speak Mahl, a variant of Divehi language spoken in the Maldives.
Malayalam with Malayalam script was introduced as the official language of Lakshadweep during the British raj. Previously a type of Arabic script (Arabi Malayalam) was used for the language. The policy was continued by the Indian government. Malayalam serves as a link language on the islands including on the Mahl dominated Minicoy Island.[32] The dances here include:-Lava Dance,Kolkali dance & Parichakli Dance.
A beach side resort at Kadmat Island, Lakshadweep
Lakshadweep's gross state domestic product for 2004 is estimated at US$ 60 million at current prices. There is little economic inequality in Lakshadweep and the poverty index is low. Coconut fibre extraction and production of fibre products is Lakshadweep's main industry. There are five coir fibre factories, five production demonstration centres and seven fibre curling units run by the government of India. These units produce coir fibre, coir yarn, curled fibre and corridor mattings.[33]
Lakshadweep comprises the only coral atolls of the country. With a vast lagoon of 4,200 km2, it has territorial waters of 20,000 km2, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 4,00,000 Lakhs km2 and coastal line of about 132 km. There is an estimation of about one lakh tonnes of tuna and tuna like fishes and about an equal quantity of shark in the sea around Lakshadweep. Fishing is the main livelihood of the islanders.[34] Freshly caught tuna is processed by drying it in the sun after cooking and smoking. The resultant product, known as `mas`, are popular products exported from these islands to southeast Asian countries.[35] Eleven workshops in islands and two boat building yards cater to the needs of fishermen. There are 375 boats in operation in Lakshadweep.[36]
Due to its isolation and scenic appeal, Lakshadweep was already known as a tourist attraction for Indians since 1974.[37] This brings in significant revenue, which is likely to increase. Since such a small region cannot support industries, the government is actively promoting tourism as a means of income in Bangaram and Kadmat islands. Bangaram is projected as a major destination for international tourism.[38] Marine fauna are plentiful. Water sports activities such as scuba diving, wind surfing, snorkelling, surfing, kayaking, canoeing, water skiing, sportfishing, yachting and night-voyages into the sea are quite popular activities among tourists. Tourists flock to these islands throughout the year except during the South-west monsoon months when seas are extremely rough. Government has also proposed to set up two customs clearance check-in offices so that tourists can directly enter these islands instead of getting permission from nearest customs office in Kochi, which is 260 nautical miles from these islands. These will be the smallest customs offices in India. Tourism is expected to get big boost after this as these islands lie on one of the busiest cruise way.
A low-temperature thermal desalination plant opened on Kavaratti in 2005, at a cost of ₹50 million (€922,000). The experimental plant, which uses the temperature difference between warm surface seawater and much colder seawater at 500m depth to generate potable water as well as energy, was slated to produce 100,000 litres/day of potable water from seawater.[39][40] Production costs in 2005 were ₹220-250/m³ (€4.1-4.6/m³); the cost was supposed to drop to ₹30-60/m³ (€0.55-1.11/m³) with increased capacity.[41]
The technology was developed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology. It can be used to produce drinking water and also for power generation and air conditioning. In addition, the deep seawater contains extra nutrients for fish, an important source of food and income for the local population. The government plans to set up desalination plants with a capacity of 10 million litres/per day on all islands and coastal areas.[39] In 2009, the NIOT announced plans to build plants on Minicoy, Agatti and Andrott.[42]
Transport and tourism
Passenger ship MV Aminidivi of the Lakshadweep Islands administration docked at Old Mangalore port
Agatti Aerodrome on Agatti Island is the only airport in Lakshadweep. Air India Regional, a subsidiary of the state-owned carrier, serves Agatti and flies to Kochi on the mainland. Kingfisher Airlines, had flights connecting Kochi and Bangalore to Agatti before the airline ceased operations. The other islands are linked by the Pawan Hans helicopter or boat service.[43] Six ships connect Kochi and Lakshadweep: MV Kavaratti, MV Aminidivi, MV Minicoy, MV Arabian Sea, MV Lakshadweep Sea and MV Bharath Seema. [44]
Tourists need a permit to visit the islands; foreign nationals are not permitted to visit certain islands.[45] According to the current alcohol laws of India, alcoholic beverage consumption is not permitted in the Lakshadweep Archipelago except on Bangaram Island.[46]
Lakshadweep (Lok Sabha constituency)
Lakshadweep Police
Coral reefs in India
^ "Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India: An Appraisal of the ... - Thomas Benedikter - Google Books". Books.google.com. Retrieved 2015-02-25.
^ "The Laccadive, Minicoy and Aminidivi Islands (Alteration Of Name Act), 1973". The Indian Lawyer. 26 August 1973. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
^ "Lakshadweep". encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "About Lakshadweep". lakshadweeptourism.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Origin and compensation of Chagos-Laccadive ridge, Indian ocean, from admittance analysis of gravity and bathymetry data". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 105: 47–54. 1991-07-31.
^ a b c "Marine investigations in the Lakshadweep Islands, India.". thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Lakshadweep & It`s People 1992-1993" Planning Department, Govt. Secretariat, Lakshadweep Administration, Kavaratti. Page: 12.
^ "History". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Lakshadweep". Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
^ "South Asia : Journal of South Asian Studies : Volume 2 : Sources towards a history of the Laccadive Islands". Tandfonline.com. 1979. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
^ Logan, William (1887). Malabar Manual. New Delhi: Asian Education Services. p. 2.
^ "Navy commissions full-scale station in Lakshadweep". The Hindu. 1 May 2012. Retrieved 9 May 2012.
^ a b "Location,Area and Population". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ `INDIA: A Physical Geography`(ISBN 81-230-0656-X),1968,Publications Dn, Ministry of I&B, Govt. of India. page:74.
^ "Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
^ a b "Biodiversity and Environment Protection" (PDF). Lakshadweep Development Report. Planning Commission of India. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
^ "Lakshadweep Development Report" (PDF). Department of Environment and Forests (Union Territory of Lakshadweep). Retrieved 3 August 2012.
^ "The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972". Department of Environment and Forests (Union Territory of Lakshadweep). Retrieved 5 August 2012.
^ Rao, T.A. & J.L. Ellis, Flora of Lakshadweep Islands off the Malabar coast, peninsular India, with emphasis on phytogeographical distribution of plants. Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany 19:235-250. 1995
^ "Lakshadweep Panchayats Regulations, 1994". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Administrative Setup". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Judicial Setup". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Our Parliament". parliamentofindia.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison: Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Marshall Islands 67,182 July 2011 est.
^ "Lakshadweep". borderdarshan.com. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Population by religion community - 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015.
^ "Kiltan Island". Lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
^ "Commissioner Linguistic Minorities (originally from Indian Census, 2001)". Archived from the original on 8 October 2007.
^ "The Muslim Tribes of Lakshadweep Islands: An Anthropological Appraisal of ... - Makhan Jha - Google Books". Books.google.com. Retrieved 2015-02-25.
^ "Report of the Working Group on Improvement of Banking Services in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep" (PDF). Rbidocs.rbi.org.in. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
^ "FISHERIES". http://lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Department of Fisheries-About Us". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Fisheries". lakshadweep.nic.in. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Tourism in Lakshadweep". Lakshadweeptourism.nic.in. 1988-10-22. Retrieved 2015-02-25.
^ a b "World's first ever low temperature thermal desalination plant opened at Kavaratti" (Press release).
^ "One Million Litre Per Day (1 MLD) Barge Mounted Desalination Plant" (Press release).
^ "Desalination: India opens world's first low temperature thermal desalination plant" (Press release). Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 23 May 2005. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
^ "City institute plans to develop manned submersibles".
^ "Kochi to Agatti Flights and their Schedule". Mapsofindia.com. 2014-09-08. Retrieved 2015-02-25.
^ "Means of Transport". Union Territory of Lakshadweep. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
^ "Entry Permits". Union Territory of Lakshadweep. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
^ "Introduction to Lakshadweep Islands". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
Lakshadweep a Photo Essay
Arabian Sea Lakshadweep Sea
Lakshadweep district
States and Union Territories of India
Proposed states and territories
Historical Regions
British Provinces
Portuguese overseas empire
1415–1640 Ceuta
1458–1550 Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir)
1471–1550 Arzila (Asilah)
1471–1662 Tangier
1485–1550 Mazagan (El Jadida)
1487–16th century Ouadane
1488–1541 Safim (Safi)
1489 Graciosa
1505–1541 Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir)
1506–1525 Mogador (Essaouira)
1506–1525 Aguz (Souira Guedima)
1513–1541 Azamor (Azemmour)
1515 São João da Mamora (Mehdya)
1455–1633 Anguim
1462–1975 Cape Verde
1470–1975 São Tomé1
1471–1975 Príncipe1
1474–1778 Annobón
1478–1778 Fernando Poo (Bioko)
1482–1637 Elmina (São Jorge da Mina)
1482–1642 Portuguese Gold Coast
1508–15472 Madagascar3
1498–1540 Mascarene Islands
1500–1630 Malindi
1501–1975 Portuguese Mozambique
1502–1659 Saint Helena
1503–1698 Zanzibar
1505–1512 Quíloa (Kilwa)
1506–1511 Socotra
1557–1578 Accra
1575–1975 Portuguese Angola
1588–1974 Cacheu4
1593–1698 Mombassa (Mombasa)
1645–1888 Ziguinchor
1680–1961 São João Baptista de Ajudá
1687–1974 Bissau4
1753–1975 Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
1879–1974 Portuguese Guinea
1885–1975 Portuguese Congo
1 Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753.
2 Or 1600.
3 A factory (Anosy Region) and small temporary coastal bases.
4 Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879.
Southwest Asia
1506–1615 Gamru (Bandar Abbas)
1507–1643 Sohar
1515–1622 Hormuz (Ormus)
1515–1648 Quriyat
1515–? Qalhat
1515–1650 Muscat
1515?–? Barka
1515–1633? Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
1521–1602 Bahrain (Muharraq • Manama)
1521–1529? Qatif
1521?–1551? Tarut Island
1550–1551 Qatif
1588–1648 Matrah
1620–? Khor Fakkan
1621?–? As Sib
1621–1622 Qeshm
1623–? Khasab
1623–? Libedia
1624–? Kalba
1624–? Madha
1624–1648 Dibba Al-Hisn
1624?–? Bandar-e Kong
(Lakshadweep)
• 1500–1663 Cochim (Kochi)
• 1501–1663 Cannanore (Kannur)
• 1502–1658
(Coulão / Kollam)
• 1502–1661 Pallipuram (Cochin de Cima)
• 1507–1657 Negapatam (Nagapatnam)
• 1510–1961 Goa
(Kozhikode)
• 1518–1619 Portuguese Paliacate outpost (Pulicat)
• 1521–1740 Chaul
(Portuguese India)
• 1523–1662 Mylapore
(Porto Grande De Bengala)
• 1531–1571 Chalé
• 1534–1601 Salsette Island
• 1534–1661 Bombay (Mumbai)
• 1535 Ponnani
• 1535–1739 Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)
• 1536–1662 Cranganore (Kodungallur)
• 1540–1612 Surat
• 1548–1658 Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)
• 1559–1961 Daman and Diu
• 1568–1659 Mangalore
• 1579–1632 Hugli
• 1598–1610 Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam)
1518–1521 Maldives
1518–1658 Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
• 1779–1954 Dadra and Nagar Haveli
East Asia and Oceania
1511–1641 Portuguese Malacca
1512–1621 Maluku
• 1522–1575 Ternate
• 1576–1605 Ambon
• 1578–1650 Tidore
1512–1665 Makassar
1537–1999 Macau
1571–1639 Decima (Dejima / Nagasaki)
1642–1975 Portuguese Timor (East Timor)1
Portuguese Macau
• 1864–1999 Coloane
• 1849–1999 Portas do Cerco
• 1851–1999 Taipa
• 1890–1999 Ilha Verde
• 1938–1941 Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin)
1 1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
North America and the North Atlantic Ocean
1420 Madeira
1432 Azores
1500–1579? Terra Nova (Newfoundland)
1500–1579? Labrador
1516–1579? Nova Scotia
1500–1822 Brazil
• 1534–1549 Captaincy Colonies of Brazil
• 1549–1572 Brazil
• 1572–1578 Bahia
• 1572–1578 Rio de Janeiro
1536–1620 Barbados
1621–1751 Maranhão
1680–1777 Nova Colónia do Sacramento
1751–1772 Grão-Pará and Maranhão
1772–1775 Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
1772–1775 Maranhão and Piauí
1808–1822 Cisplatina (Uruguay)
1809–1817 Portuguese Guiana (Amapá)
1822 Upper Peru (Bolivia)
Coats of arms of Portuguese colonies
Evolution of the Portuguese Empire
Portuguese colonial architecture
Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia
Portuguese colonization of the Americas
Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia
Settlement articles requiring maintenance
Articles containing Malayalam-language text
Articles containing Dhivehi-language text
Islands of Lakshadweep
Atolls of India
Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean
Former Portuguese colonies
Districts in India
5th-century establishments in Asia
Populated places established in the 5th century
1498 establishments in the Portuguese Empire
1545 disestablishments in the Portuguese Empire
1956 establishments in India
Delhi, India, Rajasthan, Pakistan, Maharashtra
Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Kozhikode, Thrissur
Maldives, Lakshadweep, Kerala, Kollam, Kochi
Kerala, Tamil language, Sanskrit, Dravidian languages, Kannada language
Tamil Nadu, Andhra pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Chennai
72nd Meridian East
India, Antarctica, Russia, Lakshadweep, Equator


text:
require_dependency "renalware/pd"
require "success"
require "failure"

module Renalware
  module PD
    class CreateRegime
      def initialize(patient:)
        @patient = patient
      end

      def call(by:, params:)
        regime = patient.pd_regimes.new(params)
        if regime.valid? && save_regime(regime, by)
          ::Success.new(regime)
        else
          ::Failure.new(regime)
        end
      end

      private

      attr_reader :patient

      def save_regime(new_regime, by)
        Regime.transaction do
          if update_old_regime_end_date?(current_regime, new_regime)
            current_regime.end_date ||= new_regime.start_date
          end
          current_regime.terminate(by: by).save && new_regime.save
        end
      end

      def update_old_regime_end_date?(old_regime, new_regime)
        # This odd .to_time.to_i stuff is to get around a stack overflow recursion
        # error when running rspec unit tests!
        new_regime.start_date.to_time.to_i >= old_regime.start_date.to_time.to_i
      end

      def current_regime
        @current_regime ||= patient.pd_regimes.current || NullObject.instance
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Aston Martin targets £10m annual cost saving with 500 job cuts
04/06/2020 in Manufacturer
Aston Martin has revealed a plan to axe 500 jobs as part of a restructure of its operations designed to save the British carmaker £10 million each year.
The OEM's executive chairman, Canadian Billionaire and Formula One team boss Lawrence Stroll, described the move was part of a "fundamental reset" for the business in an announcement this morning (June 4).
Last month the carmaker reported a £119m loss in Q1 as revenues declined by 60% to £79m and vehicle sales fell by 45% to 578.
Commenting on the cuts to its 2,565 workforce will "bring the cost base into line with reduced sports car production levels, consistent with restoring profitability", Aston Martin said.
The manufacturer confirmed last month that it its president and chief executive, Dr Andy Palmer, would step down before the introduction of a new chief executive, in the form of Mercedes-AMG boss Tobias Moers set to become CEO in August.
The move is part of sweeping changes made within the business since Stroll completed his consortium's acquisition of a 25% stake in the business earlier this year.
Since Aston Martin's Initial Public Offering in 2018, shares originally priced at £5 have collapsed and were 10% down at 55p-per share today, according to Sky News.
Aston Martin's new recovery plan is centred on the production of the success of its new DBX SUV, built at its new St Athan manufacturing plant, in South Wales, and its new-to-market mid-engined supercars.
In today's statement, it said: "As communicated previously, the plan requires a fundamental reset which includes a planned reduction in front-engined sports car production to rebalance supply to demand."
Author: Tom Sharpe Tom Sharpe
News and features editor
tom.sharpe@bauermedia.co.uk
A multi-award-winning news journalist, Tom is news and features editor for Bauer Media's AM brand. His role demands he keep abreast of all industry and business news to provide coverage of the franchised automotive retail sector and the wider automotive industry, while assisting in the management of the magazine's production and AM events.
Click here for manufacturer best practice and procurement insight
Most popular articles in Manufacturer
1) Lotus UK makes agency model retail switch ahead of Emira deliveries
2) Ford strikes five-year deal with Stripe to scale e-commerce
F1 race team boss Lawrence Stroll delivers Aston Martin funding boost
Aston Martin begins 'phased' return to production at St Athan plant
Aston Martin confirms departure of president and CEO Dr Andy Palmer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
layout: post
title: A Silly Birthday Greeting Box
excerpt: "Hacking a cheap toy and using a MOSFET and a reed switch to create a silly birthday greeting box."
tags: [reed switch, MOSFET]
categories: [Electronics]
comments: true
modified: 2015-05-22
thumbnail: images/2015/05/box-final.jpg
images: images/2015/05/box-final.jpg
---

There seems to be a deluge of cheap toys in my house, thanks to the
kids. But on the upside, many of these have interesting electronics
that are perfect for little hacks. I wanted to make a quick birthday
gift for my wife, and I remembered that I had stashed away this
particularly annoying toy (a cycle bell?) that sang "Happy Birthday"
continuously in an ear-shattering tone. So I decided to make a
birthday greeting box out of it. Here's what the ear-shatterer looks
like, outside and inside.

![Toy](/images/2015/05/box-toy.jpg "The Ear-Shatterer")

So it consists of a "black box" IC, which is connected to a push
button and a 3V battery box, and has outputs for a speaker and an LED.
After making a little sketch of the connection, I desoldered all the
wires, and cut off the hot glue to extract the speaker. The wires were
really flimsy and the soldering, connections etc. were clearly done by
an "I hate my job and want to shoot my boss" kind of employee.

For the box, I used the unused case for my wrist watch (also
unused). I wanted the music to be triggered when the box is opened. I've
done something similar before that earned me my "5 minutes of fame" on
[hackaday][1] and [lifehacker][2]. So I decide to take the same approach here -
use a MOSFET and a reed switch. The scheme is shown below.

![Circuit](/images/2015/05/box-circuit.jpg "The MOSFET circuit")

The high resistence (1 Mega Ohm) ensures that the current drain when
the box is closed in really small - which means more battery
life. When the box is closed, the reed switch is closed, the *gate* of
the MOSFET is grounded, and it doesn't supply power to the circuit.
When the box is opened, the reed switch opens, and the MOSFET turns
on, supplying power to the screamer. By design, the push button
triggers the music on for each press. But since I want an on/off type
of system, I just shorted the push-button connection, and connected
the circuit's power supply across VCC and the *drain* of the
MOSFET. The magnet, fixed to the top flap of the box, was stolen from
the kitchen refrigerator. (I can't resist magnets, so I keep buying
this junk at every international airport I pass through.) I also
replaced the red LED with a cooler blue LED.

![Box](/images/2015/05/box-build.jpg "The Box")

Now for some personality. My son helped me find three LEGO figures to
represent our team - construction worker, pirate (?) and
Obi-Wan. Pirate is holding the blue LED, which flickers in sync with
the screeching. And the box had the perfect slot for a Greeting
card. Here is the completed masterpiece (you can see it in action at
the YouTube link on top of the page):

![Box Final](/images/2015/05/box-final.jpg "The Masterpiece")

I am never throwing broken toys away. ;-)

[1]: http://hackaday.com/2012/12/21/adding-task-lighting-inside-a-desk/
[2]: http://lifehacker.com/5973589/add-automatic-led-lights-for-desk-drawers


These offers are valid at Kroger and Kroger subsidiaries, Carrs, Genuardi's, Randall's, Tom Thumb, Shop 'n Save, Foodtown, and Harps. These offers will be available from 6/1 - 6/30 and they expire on 7/15/14.
Old El Paso™ Save $0.60 when you buy THREE Old El Paso™ products (Excludes Old El Paso™ Refrigerated, Frozen OR Soup products).
Betty Crocker™ Suddenly Salad™ Save $0.50 when you buy TWO any variety Betty Crocker™ Suddenly Salad™.
Bisquick® Save $0.50 on syrup when you buy ONE 20 OZ. OR LARGER Original Bisquick® OR Bisquick Heart Smart® Baking Mix, OR 10.6 OZ. Bisquick® Shake 'n Pour® Pancake Mix.
Chex Mix® Save $0.50 when you buy TWO BAGS any 3.7 OZ. OR LARGER Chex Mix™, Chex Mix™ Muddy Buddies™, Chex Mix™ Popped™, Chex Mix™ Xtreme, Bugles™ Corn Snacks, Gardetto's™ Snack Mix, OR Green Giant™ Veggie Snacks (Chips, Puffs or Fries).
Mountain High® yoghurt Save $0.25 when you buy any flavor 32 OZ. or 64 OZ. Mountain High® Yoghurt.
Liberté® yogurt Save $0.60 when you buy THREE CUPS any flavor Liberté® Greek OR Liberté Méditerranée® yogurt.
Yoplait® Kids Save $0.75 when you buy TWO any flavor Yoplait® products listed: Yoplait® Go-GURT® Yogurt, Yoplait® Kids Cup Yogurt, Yoplait® Trix® Yogurt, Yoplait® Despicable Me Minion Made™ Yogurt, Yoplait® Hello Kitty® Yogurt, Yoplait® Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles™ Yogurt.
Yoplait® Greek yogurt Save $1.00 when you buy FIVE CUPS any variety Yoplait® Greek or Yoplait® Greek 100 yogurt.
Save $0.25 when you buy any flavor/variety LÄRABAR®, ÜBER®, ALT® OR JŎCALAT® bar.
Nature Valley® Granola Bars Save $0.50 when you buy ONE BOX any Nature Valley® Granola Bars (5 count or larger), Nature Valley® Granola Thins, Nature Valley® Soft-Baked Oatmeal Squares OR Nature Valley® Breakfast Biscuits.
Lucky Charms® cereal Save $0.50 when you buy ONE BOX Lucky Charms® cereal.
GM Fruit Snacks Save $0.50 when you buy TWO BOXES any flavor Betty Crocker® Fruit by the Foot®, Fruit Gushers® OR Fruit Roll-Ups® Fruit Flavored Snacks.
Fiber One® Chewy Bars Save $0.50 when you buy ONE BOX any flavor Fiber One® Chewy Bars, Fiber One® 90 Calorie Products (Bars, Brownies, Cakes), Fiber One® Protein Chewy Bars OR Fiber One™ Meal Bar (excludes Fiber One™ Streusel Bars).


text:
Kevin Evans (born 28 September 1962) is a Canadian Paralympic archer.

He has competed three times at the Summer Paralympics, four times at the World Para Archery Championships, four times at the Continental Championships, and twice at the Para Continental Championships.

Biography
Evans started archery in 1979 and made his international debut in 2004. A gold medallist at the 2011 Parapan American Games and two-time world champion, Evans is one of the world's top Paralympic archers. He lost his left arm in 2000 in a seismic-rig accident in Alberta's Peace River region.

References

External links

1962 births
Living people
Canadian male archers
Paralympic archers of Canada
Archers at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Archers at the 2012 Summer Paralympics
Archers at the 2016 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 2011 Parapan American Games
Sportspeople from Calgary
21st-century Canadian people

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Symantec CTO sees a future in protecting and verifying identities online.
As Symantec plots its future course, attestation and authentication technology may be on the horizon.
"One of the other areas that we are looking at we think is going to be very important is how do you evolve identity in the digital world," said CTO Mark Bregman during an interview with eWEEK at Symantec's Vision conference in Las Vegas.
For example, a person may have several online accounts as a result of being on sites such as Amazon.com as well as various online profiles through Web 2.0 social networks-each with information that may or may not be true, Bregman said.
"If you showed up in this room and tried to convince us that you were really a 14-year-old girl, it would be pretty hard," Bregman said. "In cyberspace it's not hard at all. Frankly, you can imagine both kinds of places in cyberspace, some in which they say everybody in here has an authentic validated ID ... and other places where they don't."
"So I think this ID thing is going to be very important as enabler for trust, and ultimately for confidence in this connected world as we move forward," he said. "But it's got a long ways to go, and that's another area that we're looking at that we think is going to be an important opportunity for us, partly because we have such a strong footprint in consumer as well as enterprise space."
But talk of the future at the conference centered on integration, namely Symantec's open collaborative architecture initiative. The approach is the basis for much of the company's integration efforts and a steppingstone for the company's trek toward the convergence of security and systems management.
"[Open collaborative architecture is] a Web services architecture that allows us to integrate our own products but it also allows us to integrate with third-party products or products that are installed at the customer site that they built internally," said Symantec Chief Operating Officer Enrique Salem in a conversation with eWEEK. "It's got an underlying workflow engine that allows us to move tasks or data from one app to another app."
Altiris 7.0 will be a key peg in the strategy, as users will be able to manage Symantec Endpoint Protection through Altiris if they choose to do so.
"You can imagine this single console where somebody's managing asset management, software distribution, patch management-all from one place for the customer that wants to do that," Bregman said.
Moving the content awareness capabilities of its data loss prevention technology into its storage products to help customers make intelligent archiving decisions remains a focus for the company, and as infrastructure vendors such as EMC work to bake security into their products, Symantec officials said they will keep an eye toward solving a new set of problems for users.
"We have a product today that will allow to encrypt the contents of your laptop hard drive," Bregman said. "But you know, probably in a couple years the hard drive is going to do that. In fact you can buy those hard drives today. So there'll still be a need that users have, but you won't get it from a separate piece of software; it will be part of the hard drive. Well, that means ... the problem we're going to solve moves. It's no longer the encryption itself, it's how do you manage all the encryption keys."


Based in Denmark, Softline has been designing and producing unique, multifunctional furniture since 1979. Inspired by what they explain simply as "the joy of living," Softline has created elegant, colorful and playful products for homes and businesses worldwide. When designing the Drum Pouf (2009), the goal was to create a functional, comfortable piece of furniture that could work in a variety of applications. Serving as a seat or ottoman, the comfortable Drum Pouf is easy to move around as required. The Drum cover is removable for cleaning. Made in Denmark.
Add the optional Drum Pouf Tray (sold separately), and the Drum is transformed into a table. For parties, this removable Tray can also be used for serving.
H 15.75" (17.25" with tray) Diameter 17.75"
Foam; felt upholstery (70% wool, 25% polyamide, 3% acrylic, 2% polyester).


Simultaneously wince-inducing and disarmingly charming, Eighth Grade gives you hope that the kids aren't as different now as we think.
Junior High, for most of us, is the worst age to look back on. I remember the summer after eighth grade, I grew something like four inches, all arms and legs and horrifying stretch marks. Bad skin. Hair that won't behave. Blossoming mean girls rule the hallway, and even if you aren't invisible, they make you feel that way.
Eighth Grade's Kayla (Elsie Fisher) is confident and chatty on her vlog, offering advice (buried in "likes," "uhs," and "you knows") to other kids, projecting the persona that she feels she is on the inside. Despite this, bless her heart, she gets hardly any views on her videos, and her carefully staged selfies have no audience. On the outside, you see, she is voted quietest kid in her class (oh, to see her face implode when she hears this...), and doesn't seem to have any friends. She's not picked on or anything, she's just one of the invisible kids.
The sweet thing (among many sweet things about this film) is that her dad (Josh Hamilton) not only thinks, but knows she's a cool kid (like we, as viewers do), and that she will turn out fine. We see her go through horrifying moments, like being made to go alone to a popular kid's birthday pool party (where the mean girl opens gifts in front of all, and treats Kayla's benign gift like it is coated in cooties). We wring our hands for her safety in a quietly scary moment with an older boy in a car. And our hearts swell when we see a genuinely nice high school girl treat her like the awesome kid that we know that she is.
Eighth Grade is made up of a bunch of little moments like this, with no big culmination or climax (like prom or a kiss). But I feel like it is a minor miracle that this movie exists: Dorky tween girls never get to be the center of movies, so what a sweet treat this is.


What may have been Saskatchewan's snowiest winter ever is now being followed by the coldest spring in more than a century.
What may have been Saskatchewan's snowiest winter ever is being followed now by the coldest spring in more than a century.
On Monday morning, cold weather records for the day were broken in at least 12 communities, according to Environment Canada.
Among the colder communities was Weyburn, where it dipped to –13.6 C, shattering the old record for April 22 of –7.2.
Regina dipped below -10 Monday morning and crept up to 0 C later in the day. That compares with a high of about 21 a year earlier. The temperature dropped to – 15 C overnight.
For Tuesday, Environment Canada forecast a high of 3 C in Regina, compared with a normal of 15 C.
It's been the coldest March and April in 113 years, according to Environment Canada's senior climatologist David Phillips.
"You have to go back to the early 1900s to find a temperature that was as cold on this morning in both Regina and Saskatoon and I'm sure in many other parts of the province," he said.
A lack of warm air coming up from the U.S. this spring is part of the trouble, Phillips said.
Another problem is the extensive snow cover, which is reflecting a lot more sunlight than usual. That's been keeping the ground from warming up.
Ten days from now, he says, Saskatchewan may start to see the temperatures inch up toward more seasonal values.
In fact, May and June should be warmer than normal, Phillips said.


text:
Jasná är en by i Demänovská Dolina kommun i Slovakien.

Sport och fritid
Orten har ansökt om att få arrangera olympiska vinterspelen 2022.

Källor

Fotnoter

Externa länkar

Orter i Slovakien


text:
Sto.chas.tic (sto kas'tik) adj. 2. Math. designating a process having an infinite progression of jointly distributed random variables.
- Webster's New World Dictionary
The Stochastic Oscillator compares where a security's price closed relative to its price range over a given time period.
The Stochastic Oscillator is displayed as two lines. The main line is called "%K." The second line, called "%D," is a moving average of %K. The %K line is usually displayed as a solid line and the %D line is usually displayed as a dotted line.
There are several ways to interpret a Stochastic Oscillator. Three popular methods include:
Buy when the Oscillator (either %K or %D) falls below a specific level (e.g., 20) and then rises above that level. Sell when the Oscillator rises above a specific level (e.g., 80) and then falls below that level.
Buy when the %K line rises above the %D line and sell when the %K line falls below the %D line.
Look for divergences. For example, where prices are making a series of new highs and the Stochastic Oscillator is failing to surpass its previous highs.
The following chart shows Avon Products and its 10-day Stochastic.
I drew "buy" arrows when the %K line fell below, and then rose above, the level of 20. Similarly, I drew "sell" arrows when the %K line rose above, and then fell below, the level of 80.
This next chart also shows Avon Products.
In this example I drew "buy" arrows each time the %K line rose above the %D (dotted). Similarly, "sell" arrows were drawn when the %K line fell below the %D line.
This final chart shows a divergence between the Stochastic Oscillator and prices.
This is a classic divergence where prices are headed higher, but the underlying indicator (the Stochastic Oscillator) is moving lower. When a divergence occurs between an indicator and prices, the indicator typically provides the clue as to where prices will head.
The Stochastic Oscillator has four variables:
%K Periods.
This is the number of time periods used in the stochastic calculation.
%K Slowing Periods.
This value controls the internal smoothing of %K. A value of 1 is considered a fast stochastic;a value of 3 is considered a slow stochastic.
%D Periods.
This is the number of time periods used when calculating a moving average of %K. The moving average is called "%D" and is usually displayed as a dotted line on top of %K.
%D Method.
The method (i.e., Exponential, Simple, Time Series, Triangular, Variable, or Weighted) that is used to calculate %D.
The formula for %K is:
For example, to calculate a 10-day %K, first find the security's highest-high and lowest-low over the last 10 days. As an example, let's assume that during the last 10 days the highest-high was 46 and the lowest-low was 38--a range of 8 points. If today's closing price was 41, %K would be calculated as:
The 37.5% in this example shows that today's close was at the level of 37.5% relative to the security's trading range over the last 10 days. If today's close was 42, the Stochastic Oscillator would be 50%. This would mean that that the security closed today at 50%, or the mid-point, of its 10-day trading range.
The above example used a %K Slowing Period of 1-day (no slowing). If you use a value greater than one, you average the highest-high and the lowest-low over the number of %K Slowing Periods before performing the division.
A moving average of %K is then calculated using the number of time periods specified in the %D Periods. This moving average is called %D.
The Stochastic Oscillator always ranges between 0% and 100%. A reading of 0% shows that the security's close was the lowest price that the security has traded during the preceding x-time periods. A reading of 100% shows that the security's close was the highest price that the security has traded during the preceding x-time periods.
Swing Index »


Results: 1 to 10 of a total of 152 results.
Honest good guy looking for an honest good lady. Liars/cheets/scammers and the like of; please do not contact me. If your a lady that wants a respectful relationship; then check me out. All kinds out there nowadays. If you like moonlit walks along a lakeshore on a clear night, then by all means check me out.
Does n5pdq belong in this group?
My preferred age range is 70 to 77. I am not likely to go outside this range.
Does scalliwag belong in this group?
Looking for my best friend... I am at the point where I would like to find someone for a friendly, loving and caring relationship to last a lifetime. I don't need the excitement or drama some people find so compelling as I've had all that in my career and now I just want to have a simple happy life at home with my best friend.
Does autumnsmile belong in this group?
Does slim4321 belong in this group?
seniors should stick together. I am senior myself and find it difficult to meet others of my age range.
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MALE, 73, FREE WHITE AND SINGLE, LOOKING FOR COMPANION FOR FUN AND ADVENTURE. DINNER DANCING AND RIDING IN THE COUNTRY SIDE.
Does johnann4269 belong in this group?


text:
Brooks Koepka (2 US Open, 2 PGA Championship, 1 Ryder Cup.)
Brooks Koepka (born May 3, 1990) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.
Winner of the 2017 U.S. Open, with a record equalling -16 total, Koepka captured the 2017 title by 4 shots from Brian Harman and Hideki Matsuyama at Erin Hills, Wisconsin.
Again winner of the 2018 U.S. Open at Shinnecock Hills golf club on Long Island with a score of +1 total, 281 strokes 1 shot ahead of England's Tommy Fleetwood.
Ranked inside the top 25 in the Official World Golf Ranking, he chose a different route than other young Americans to get mainstay status on the PGA Tour, by starting his career on the European Challenge Tour and eventually the European Tour.
He played collegiate golf at Florida State University.
Koepka was born in West Palm Beach, Florida, and raised in Lake Worth, Florida. He attended Cardinal Newman High School. He played college golf at Florida State University, where he won three events and was a three-time All-American.[1] He qualified for the 2012 U.S. Open while still an amateur, but missed the cut.
In the summer of 2012, Koepka turned professional and began playing on the Challenge Tour in Europe. He won his first title in September at the Challenge de Catalunya.[2] In 2013 he had his second victory on the Challenge Tour, winning the 2013 Montecchia Golf Open for [3] He followed this a month later with his third win, the Fred Olsen Challenge de España, where he set the tournament record, 260 (−24), and won by a record 10 strokes.[4] Three weeks later he had his third win of the year at the Scottish Hydro Challenge. With those three wins, he earned his European Tour card for the remainder of the 2013 season and for the full 2014 season.[5] The day after his third Challenge Tour win of 2013, Koepka qualified for the 2013 Open Championship. Koepka made his debut as a member of the European Tour (he played in three events prior to promotion to membership) at the Scottish Open, finishing T12.
In his first event of the 2014 PGA Tour, Koepka led after the second and third rounds of the Frys.com Open. He finished tied for third. At the U.S. Open, he collected a fourth-place finish, which earned him his PGA Tour card for the 2014–15 season and his first Masters invitation. Later he ended 15th at the PGA Championship. He was nominated for the PGA Tour Rookie of the Year award. On the 2014 European Tour, Koepka won the Turkish Airlines Open and finished third at the Dubai Desert Classic and Omega European Masters, and ninth at the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship. He ranked 8th in the 2014 Race to Dubai rankings and was named the European Tour's Sir Henry Cotton Rookie of the Year.
On February 1, 2015, Koepka won his first PGA Tour event, the Waste Management Phoenix Open[6] and moved to 19th in the Official World Golf Ranking.[7]
In the summer of 2015, Koepka was pretty consistent and found himself in contention on multiple occasions. At the 2015 Open Championship, Koepka improved every day and a final round 68 vaulted him into a tie for 10th at the Old Course at St Andrews. The very next week, Koepka was tied for fourth after 54 holes at the RBC Canadian Open but a final round 74 pushed him down to a tie for 18th at the Glen Abbey Golf Course. He then tied for 6th at the 2015 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational and tied for 5th at the 2015 PGA Championship.
In 2015, Koepka chose to give up his European Tour membership.[8]
Koepka's brother Chase is also a professional golfer.
Koepka is in a relationship with professional soccer player Becky Edwards.[9]
Professional wins (8)
PGA Tour wins (3)
Winning score
To par
of victory
Runner(s)-up
1 Feb 1, 2015 Waste Management Phoenix Open 71-68-64-66=269 −15 1 stroke Hideki Matsuyama, Ryan Palmer,
2 Jun 18, 2017 U.S. Open 67-70-68-67=272 −16 4 strokes Brian Harman, Hideki Matsuyama
3 Jun 17, 2018 U.S. Open (2) 75-66-72-68=281 +1 1 stroke Tommy Fleetwood
Abe Mitchell
Percy Boomer


Have you ever wondered how some people can shoot to the top of their field so quickly?
It happens everywhere, not just in your line of business.
For instance, Bruno Mars rocketed to the top of the music world.
Since releasing his first album in 2010, the two-time Grammy-winning artist has landed five number-one singles on the Billboard charts. That's faster than any other male singer since Elvis Presley.
At 28 years old, not only did he smash records by being the youngest headline performer ever to grace the coveted Super Bowl halftime stage, but he also attracted the largest audience in Super Bowl history.
He's achieved all these remarkable milestones because he's got a massive audience of raving fans (yours truly included).
And to quickly build your own fan base, you should totally study his career as if it were a blueprint.
After all, Bruno Mars is in the same business you're in.
One that lives and dies by the fans and their level of engagement with what you produce.
While Bruno's career has shot to the moon with meteoric speed, he's actually been hard at work on it for many years. This included making strategic moves early on to position himself for long-term success.
For instance, in 2011 he turned down multiple offers to open for big-name acts on arena tours in favor of playing smaller, more intimate venues – with building a fan base as his goal.
He's a certified audience builder, which makes him very qualified to teach you how to build a fan base for your business.
So let's pull back the curtain to reveal Bruno's key secrets to get your fans raving.
Bruno Mars has been a long-time student of musical greats, and what they did to delight their audiences.
Never stop being a raving fan and a student. Study those who have succeeded at what you do, or what you need to do well to best serve your customers. This may mean reading books, going to conferences, taking courses, or paying close attention to the actions of those at the top of their game. Your quest in studying how to become better will pay handsome dividends.
Make a list of three to five of the most successful people in your field. Then identify what they consistently do that makes their audiences respond so favorably. Spot the trends, and then choose one specific action to apply in your business.
Bruno may sing about being lazy, but he's certainly no slacker. He began his 10,000 hours in performing when he was four.
You have to put in the work. You have to practice your craft. There's no way around this. You must spend time working on getting insanely good at what you do.
And if you didn't start at four years old, don't worry. It's never too late to get started. The best way to improve your skills quickly is to work on your craft every day. So if you're a writer, write every day. If you're a teacher, teach every day. It'll make a massive difference.
Bruno Mars is living his dream, doing work that he loves and always wanted to do.
And while he's living his dream, he makes sure to have tons of fun with it.
Your business requires a ton of your time and energy. So why not have fun while you work? Besides, fun is contagious and your customers can feel when you truly enjoy what you do.
And when you love what you do, in those times when the going gets tough, you'll keep pushing. Because you love it. So spend as much time as possible doing work you love.
Take notice of the actions in your business that give you the most joy. The ones that make you feel all warm, fuzzy, and alive inside. Then make a list of the things you do that zap all the life out of you.
At about 18 years old, the proverbial light bulb came on with regard to how important writing would be to Bruno's career.
Competition for your customers' attention is fierce. So learn new skills to increase your attractiveness to your audience. For example, if you are a top-notch strategist, spend time learning how to be an excellent copywriter as well so you can better communicate your value to your raving fans.
Once you've declared your core skill, identify an additional element that will be essential to build a stronger connection with your audience. Then devote at least thirty minutes a day for the next month studying and practicing how to master that element.
Mars signed with Motown early, but was soon dropped. He later reflected on the reasons behind those early struggles in his career.
Your audience needs you. Not a clone, and not a watered down version of someone else. They need that unique form of awesomeness that only you can bring. Others may feel it's too unconventional, or it's too hard to characterize, or it's too this or not enough that. That's ok.
Don't force yourself to fit into a specific box, or any box for that matter! Build the business that's best suited to highlight the best of who you are. The customers who appreciate the kind of awesomeness you ooze will flock to you.
Write down three things that make you different from other available options to meet your customers' needs. Next, write down at least one reason why those levels of uniqueness matter to your audience. Then give yourself a high-five for being so awesome.
Whenever he performs, Bruno Mars owns the stage. He's quite sure of himself, and his abilities to please a crowd. And it shows.
Your customers need and expect you to be confident in what you do for them. If you don't believe in yourself and what you can do, why should they?
The best way to improve your self-confidence is to be prepared (see secret #2). By doing so, you'll give yourself the shots of confidence you need to own your stage.
For your next gig with your audience – be it a customer meeting, presentation, or blog post – write down two markers of success that will signal that you're ready to knock your performance out of the park. Perhaps it's spending ten hours on a blog post, or getting a thumbs-up from your mentor or coach. Then make sure you allow plenty of time to hit those markers.
Before launching his solo career, Bruno Mars made a name for himself by writing hit songs for other popular artists, including Cee-lo Green (F*@! you), Travie McCoy (Billionaire), and B.o.B. (Nothin' on you).
Sometimes success comes more quickly when you step out of the spotlight to help other people achieve their dreams. And you might be surprised by the number of doors that open up for you when you do.
So don't be afraid to take a broader view of your business to transform yourself into the producer, instead of just the artist.
Brainstorm three ways you can showcase the talents of others in your field. Perhaps it's curating content on your blog, sharing others people's work via social media, or using your podcast to interview people doing great things. Then pick one idea and start implementing it.
Collaborations have long been a key ingredient to Bruno Mars' formula for success. And he proved that once again by choosing to share the biggest television stage in the world with another band.
Sure, you can go quite a ways on your own. But you'll get further faster when you work with others. So don't go it alone. Network, collaborate, and build partnerships that will expand your reach, and enhance the delight you deliver to your audience.
Make a list of three to five people who also serve your customers. Then build a relationship with them by having a coffee, Skype chat, or laser tag match. As you spend time with them, brainstorm some ways you can work together to add value to both sets of customers.
Bruno Mars is known for dazzling his audiences wherever he performs, no matter the size of the venue.
Any chance you get to be in front of an audience, delight them. Give it all you've got. Don't take short cuts. Don't phone it in. Don't give anything less than your best. No matter what size the audience is. The people who are receiving what you're giving deserve your best. And you never know who's watching.
Before your next gig with your audience, write down how you want them to feel during and after their time with you (note: you want them to love you). Then build a plan to deliver an experience that makes your customers fall head over heels for you. Then repeat for the next gig. And again for the one after that.
Remember. Success isn't limited to a select few.
You don't have to be born into any special circles, have particularly great looks, or have rock-star hair.
You just have to put in the right work. Tirelessly. Strategically. And passionately.
Then your star will shine. You'll be the one with the raving fans, and everyone will want to know your story.
Ready to go to Mars?
Choose at least one item from the list above to implement today. Then let me know what that is in the comments.
That way we can all watch and cheer you along as your star rises.
Sonia Thompson is the founder of TRY Business where she's on a mission to help entrepreneurs like you build your dream business that keeps your customers coming back for more. Jump on her free 7-part "Get Your Customers to Love You eCourse. Then follow her on Twitter (@TRYBusiness) or Google+.
Great article! Thanks for posting. I'm going to print it out and go over it again.
Stephanie – isn't it cool how we can find role models everywhere? Glad you enjoyed the post, and hope you can take something and make it work for you.
very good examples – both, the "role model" you chose and the points of what it takes. In the end it´s the same we all need to do and your tips are greatly chosen as a vivd explanation!
Thanks Sonia for the action packed read this morning. Just the boost I need. My first task after reading your blog to listen to Bruno Mars! Time to expand my music repertoire. For the next month I am going to focus on #2 & #4. I have been a little slack lately about writing, so my one month plan begins today. In addition I am going to add to #4 and learn more about using Twitter and Facebook effectively. Right now I just dabble but it is time to really connect with my audience.
I have printed a copy of your blog to keep handy to future reference.
Hey Carolynne – thanks for stopping by! #2 and #4 are great places to start, and they go hand in hand to really setting the foundation for creating a competitive advantage for you.
Best wishes to you in really devoting the time to it over the next month. Please do keep me posted with how you are progressing.
And for a quick intro to Bruno's music, check out the link in the headline for #5 —> Just the Way You Are was his first hit single. 🙂 Enjoy!
Delightful writing style; upbeat and informative. Encourages me to really get active with publishing "my gift of perspective" so others can have their a-ha moments.
Hey Virginia – please do start sharing your gift of perspective! As mentioned – the customers who will appreciate the "kind of awesomeness you ooze" are waiting for you.
WOW…just awesome information! Almost overwhelming in useable information!
My favorite: Don't force yourself to fit into a specific box, or any box for that matter! Build the business that's best suited to highlight the best of who you are. The customers who appreciate the kind of awesomeness you ooze will flock to you.
I don't have the ability to "fake" anything…I am who I am,,,,I am very aware of my good points and not so good points and I love the idea of being me!
Thank you for an awesome article, I love the way you have great take-aways and action items. So many people don't give such wonderful help!
Thanks Chris – I'm so glad you enjoyed it!
I'm really glad to hear that you stay true to who you are. Do you have a good stream of customers who appreciate "the real you"? It's awesome when that happens.
Yes, I do have a few clients who REALLY know me! They started as friends before becoming clients.
It is wonderful when it happens….especially since they now trust me to be fair in pricing and they may ask for a rough quote, but never any problems in paying or complaining about the cost.
I just need a few dozen more like that!
Chris – sounds like you've got a good base to work from. Keep up the great work!
Hi Sonia – I became an official Bruno Mars fan when I watched him perform during the Super Bowl. He so reminded me of James Brown. I think the most important reminder you gave me is to love my work. When it all feels too overwhelming….all that engagement with so few subscribers, blah, blah, blah…..I need to return to the beginning and remind myself of my love of writing. When I'm of service to others, the rest is just fluff. Thanks.
Hey Marcy – loving your work is soooooo important. It definitely keeps you going when the going gets tough, and you need something to keep you pushing forward.
People can feel when there is love baked into whatever you are doing – so here's to your readers loving your writing just as much as you love writing for them!
Hi Sonia – The Bruno Mars angle in your article is especially relevant to me. I am both a musician and a coach and this information is a close fit for me and my audience too.
I see a lot of interrelationships among the 9 secrets. For Secret #1, what is most satisfying for musicians is to 'connect' with their audience. Get on top of how this is done and Secrets #3, #5, #6, and #9 all fall into place.
PS: I'm loving your "95 Ways to Get Your Customers to Love You" eBook!
Hey Aaron – glad you enjoyed the post and the eBook!
You are right – a lot of these points are easily linked, in terms of once you get humming with one, it helps a lot with the others. They have a nice synergy to them, once you really get going working at them.
Looking forward to hearing about how you make all this work for your business!
Sonia – I love that step 1 is staying in school. The second you stop learning, your in trouble. Keep up the good work!
Darren – yep, if you stop studying and practicing you'll be up a creek for sure!
I have been blown away by the angle of your post, Sonia. 'The Mars' story is all about following your passion and, when the going gets tough, getting your passion to follow you'.
Thanks Terence! Yep – when you're doing something you love, something you're passionate about – it really does help you get through those sometimes low and tough points. It's very necessary because we all experience that at times.
Thanks for this great article! We need MORE rags to riches stories, because sometimes you get really low, figuring that the path to the top is impossibly hard. But when people like Bruno share their experience, it really brings the spirits up!
Glad you enjoyed it Griffin. Yeah, sometimes when things don't take off as quickly as we want them to, it is really helpful to get inspired by the successes of others to propel us forward, and use as an example to follow.
Building a business is tough, but we can all do it!
Thank you Sonia. What a great content with a unique writing style. Very useful and practical tips that we can start doing right now!
Generosity has always been rewarded. It might not be at the exact time when you help a person: but sooner or later, it will come back to you.
We all know that people who have success in their lives are people who make it all about helping other people; not all about themselves.
And Bruno Mars seems to be a great example of generosity.
Hey Fabienne – thanks so much for your comment!
You're right, we absolutely reap what we sow. And when what we sow is generosity, good things definitely come back our way.
I am going to print this out and read it at least once a week while planning my goals. The idea I have implemented for the last two years is to collaborate, be kind and give to others first. That has helped me garner people who are in my corner and offer honesty and trust in my endeavors.
Hey Sherry – I'm so glad you found this post helpful! I'm glad that you're goodwill has served you so well. Being collaborative, kind, and giving are great things to do in general, but the rewards that come along with it are pretty sweet.
I saw this post up in Jon's program, you did a pretty fantastic job with it congratulations.
I especially agree with your points on helping others first before trying to go solo, every new venture needs a strong foundation to build on, and this often takes time and work behind the scenes.
Hey Paul – thanks so much for the feedback and for taking the time to stop by and leave a comment!
You are so right – it does take a ton of time to build a strong foundation for you business – so we definitely need other people in our corner. The more you help, the more you learn. And the experience of doing good for others, will only put you in a better position when its time to put yourself out there.
We've come full circle, Sonia. I read this article last year, I guess. It was my introduction to you. I was already receiving from Seth Godin & Henneke. Small world, boundless universe. Glad I share it with everyone.
Two words can only describe this post, simply amazing! From the beginning it had me hooked.
As far, as I go in my niche the mountain is pretty high that I have to climb to be seen.
With that being said, im keeping my head held high, and my goals reachable.
Hey Jason – thanks so much for your kind words! I'm so glad you enjoyed the post.
I'm glad you keeping your spirits lifted with goals to get you to your destination. It's important to hit milestones along the way to keep us moving.
Jason I adore your spirit as a mountain climber, rising above the din. In the bee kingdom, or Queendom, I hear she flies high into the sky & only the strongest drone can reach her. He's rewarded with the passing of his Eternal Essence on.


Upstream supply chain sources claim Apple has shifted its outsourcing strategy to have Pegatron focus on production of future generations of the iPad while Foxconn focuses on iPhone manufacturing, DigiTimes reported on Tuesday. Pegatron will serve as an auxiliary for iPhone products in 2013, while Foxconn will continue to make a small amount of iPads, the publication noted.
"Pegatron Technology has reportedly already landed a small volume of orders for the upcoming "iPad 3" (generally called by supply chain players)," the report read, adding that Pegatron declined to comment on the rumor.
The publication also added a less credible detail that Pegatron will see a "significant increase" in orders when Apple readies a so-called "iPad 4" for launch in October with an initial volume of 7-10 million units.
The Taiwanese industry newspaper had originally reported last week that a high-resolution third-generation iPad was coming in March and a fourth-gen iPad with "killer applications" was planned for October. John Gruber of Daring Fireball described the March launch rumor as "completely accurate," but dismissed the "iPad 4" claim as "completely made-up nonsense."
According to the report, insiders went on to allege that the Cupertino, Calif., iPad maker's new strategy is intended to decrease risk while improving the quality of its products. Apple representatives have reportedly visited Pegatron's facilities "several times recently" to check up on the shipment process.
DigiTimes reported last July that Quanta and Pegatron were vying for orders for Apple's next iPad. Apple was believed to have been prompted to engage a second iPad manufacturer after a deadly explosion occurred at a Foxconn iPad plant earlier in the year.
Some reports have suggested that Foxconn will begin producing the next iPad this month, with large-scale production set to ramp up in February.
The third-generation iPad is widely believed to feature a doubled resolution of 2048 x 1536. The device is also expected to sport a faster A6 processor. Recent rumors have suggested that Apple may diversify its iPad lineup by selling high-end and mid-range models.
So when do the iPad 5 & 6 rumors start?
Kaspar and the AI crew, maybe you guys need to disclose the full nature of your relationship to DigiTimes.
I've never seen any blog pimp one "supplier" of rumors like I've seen you guys pimping DigiTimes unless there was a financial reason for doing so.
We already know their rumors are no good, so what is the nature of your relationship with DigiTimes?
I hope iPad 3 launches on time (March/April) and isn't delayed like the iPhone 4S was. I'm getting me one, I just hope it has a CPU, GPU and memory upgrade. I don't care too much about the camera but a camera upgrade is always a plus.
Could be the rumoured 7" version rather than an iPad 4.
Still waiting for the iPad 2 and they're already mentioning the iPad 3?
The one they brought out is the iPad 1.2!
DigiTimes believes that it is important to provide a constant flow of iPad rumours. As such, the publication deems it necessary to insist that Apple is on a schedule which calls for the iPad to be redesigned twice a year. The reason is that if it were the case that the iPad is redesigned once a year (now where would that idea come from) then as soon as the new version is released there is a dead zone, so to speak. By that I mean, there would be a period of a few months when it would seem rather lame to be pumping out rumours for a product that is a year away from being introduced.
I have no inside info, obviously, but my take on this is as follows. We all know there will be no iPad 4 in October. I'll go one step further and bring into question the notion that the iPad we will get in March will sport a Retina-style display. Questionable gain and a whole lot of drawbacks is how I see dramatically increasing the resolution of the iPad's screen. No other competitor appears close to bringing out a product like the iPad with a resolution anywhere close to what the iPad would have with a so-called Retina display. Look at this another way. What would happen if Apple kept the current resolution? Would it hurt sales. My guess is not in the slightest.
Where Apple is in need of reconsidering what it has done is with the Touch. Sony is applying pressure with two new devices aimed at that the Touch, including the Vita and a new Walkman coming with a 4.3-inch screen. The Touch is in desperate need of an overhaul based around a larger screen. The last revision in September was virtually not a revision at all. That leads me to speculate that we may just see a new version of the Touch coming up as a surprise update with the iPad in the next couple of months. There is no reason why the Touch, being a pocket computer, needs to maintain the same size as the iPhone. With a smartphone, going much larger than the iPhone simply doesn't make sense. Yet a pocket computer would benefit from more screen real estate with no downside, provided the device remains reasonably pocketable. Something in the range of the upcoming Walkman, i.e. 4.3 inches, seems to me to be closer to the ideal form factor. If Apple were to unleash a new Touch with a 4.7-inch screen in March, this would give Apple a better device to take on Sony's upcoming portable entries. It would also provide a unit with a large enough screen to satisfy customers who want a tablet that is more portable than the iPad.
So if I were Apple I'd set aside a Retina display for the iPad and instead continue to make the current form factor better in terms of weight, battery life, price, processing power all of which would take a hit to accommodate a technology few of us need, per se. Meanwhile, the Touch needs an overhaul and it shouldn't wait until September. The competition, especially Sony, is closing in. The Touch has been on auto pilot for a couple of years now and it's time to shake things up a little.
As for DigiTimes, no one takes that publication seriously because it's obvious that there is no journalistic integrity in play here. It's a sad thing that consumers with no contacts can come closer to determining what's going to happen than a publication in the business of finding out what will.
A.I. and other sites apparently are hooked on the DigiTimes drug and can't help themselves. It's not a pretty sight to see (and read).
That's it. I'm getting in line at the Apple Store for the iPad 3 before anyone else gets the same idea.


Rainmaking has 8 offices across the globe and has launched over 25 ventures employing over 400 people including the world's largest industry focused accelerator programme, Startupbootcamp. We are a global team of 400+ entrepreneurs, strategists, product experts, developers, designers, and investors.
Your main area of focus will be on our commercial pilot programmes – facilitating pilots between startups and our corporate partners to unlock new commercial value.


Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: update for family physicians.
ALS: a disease of motor neurons and their nonneuronal neighbors.
From Charcot to SOD1: mechanisms of selective motor neuron death in ALS.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. unfolding the toxicity of the misfolded.
Complex genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with ragged-red fibers.
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neurone disease (FALS): a review of current developments.
Mechanisms of neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: diffusion-tensor and chemical shift MR imaging at 3.0 T.
The microglial-motoneuron dialogue in ALS.
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: a molecular target for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis therapy.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Genetic rodent models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Novel etiological and therapeutic strategies for neurodiseases: RNA editing enzyme abnormality in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Motor neurone disease: clinical features, diagnosis, diagnostic pitfalls and prognostic markers.
Management of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Protein disulfide isomerase and the endoplasmic reticulum in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Possible involvement of overexposure to environmental selenium in the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a short review.
Genetics of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Mutations in TDP-43 link glycine-rich domain functions to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Astrogliosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: role and therapeutic potential of astrocytes.
Protein disulphide isomerase protects against protein aggregation and is S-nitrosylated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress interplay in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Alsin and the molecular pathways of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
TDP-43 in aging and Alzheimer's disease - a review.
Strategic approaches to developing drug treatments for ALS.
Brief review of the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
SOD1 Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation and Its Potential Implications in ALS.
Glial cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a spectrum of TDP-43 proteinopathies.
The role of transactive response DNA-binding protein-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia and beyond: the TDP-43 diseases.
The genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
State of the art and the dark side of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The Role of immune and inflammatory mechanisms in ALS.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular calcium dysregulation in ALS.
The diagnosis of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 2010.
ALS, what new 144 years after Charcot?
Genetics of familial Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
RNA-binding proteins and RNA metabolism: a new scenario in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Mitochondrial disfunction as a cause of ALS.
Protein clearing pathways in ALS.
Strategies for clinical approach to neurodegeneration in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The cyanobacteria derived toxin Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.


Fashion is progressing just as the world is evolving. ST.Calypsowears gave few tips on some nice wears for men on #WakeUpNigera.He recommended that fashion is about simplicity, showing a 'Casual Pyjamas' which is unique and funky, along side a nice hat. He also mentioned ankara shirts on jean along side hat or cap, on any kind of shoe.


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Jeanie Macpherson (* 18. Mai 1887 in Boston; † 26. August 1946 in Los Angeles) war eine US-amerikanische Schauspielerin und Drehbuchautorin.

Leben
Sie begann als Tänzerin und Bühnendarstellerin. 1908 kam sie zur Filmgesellschaft Biograph und trat dort innerhalb von drei Jahren in etwa 100 Filmen unter der Regie von David Wark Griffith und fast ausschließlich in Nebenrollen auf. Ab 1912 stand sie auch bei der Edison Company und sporadisch bei anderen Filmgesellschaften vor der Kamera. 1913 entstanden bei Powers Picture Plays einige Filme unter der Regie und mit Edwin August. Ende 1914 lernte sie Cecil B. DeMille kennen, der sie zur Gesellschaft von Jesse L. Lasky brachte, wo Macpherson in Rose of the Rancho ihre erste Rolle in einem DeMille-Film hatte. Sie trat in sechs Filmen dieses Regisseurs auf, zuletzt 1915 neben Geraldine Farrar und Wallace Reid in Carmen. Ihre letzte Rolle übernahm sie 1917 in einem Film von Edwin August.

Macpherson, die bereits in einigen Filmen Erfahrung als Drehbuchautorin gesammelt hatte, wurde von DeMille als Autor angeheuert. Ihr erstes Drehbuch für einen DeMille-Film war The Captive (1915). Bis 1930 arbeiteten sie eng zusammen, danach nur noch sporadisch. In dieser Zeit war sie mitverantwortlich für mehr als 30 Drehbücher, darunter The Cheat (1915), Joan the Woman (1916), The Little American (1917), Don't Change Your Husband (1919), Zustände wie im Paradies (1919), Anatol, der Frauenretter (1921), Frauen auf schiefer Bahn (1922), Die Zehn Gebote (1923), König der Könige (1927), Das gottlose Mädchen (1928), Dynamit (1929) und Der Freibeuter von Louisiana (1938).

Als Drehbuchautorin war sie 1927 eines der 36 Gründungsmitglieder der Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Sie starb im Alter von 59 Jahren an Krebs und wurde auf dem Hollywood Forever Cemetery begraben.

Für ihren Beitrag für den Film wurde Jeanie Macpherson mit einem Stern auf dem Hollywood Walk of Fame bei 6150 Hollywood Blvd. geehrt.

Filmografie (Auswahl)

1908–1913 nur Kurzfilme

Weblinks

  (PDF-Datei; 13 kB)

Drehbuchautor
Filmschauspieler
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1887
Gestorben 1946
Frau
Stummfilmschauspieler


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Pressure Mounts on Biden Admin To Reapply Sanctions on Iran-Backed Houthis
Facebook Hears Chorus of Criticism at Media Conference: 'Get Back to Baby Pictures'
YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki / Getty Images
Charles Russell • February 13, 2018 1:25 pm
YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki was one of several tech and media executives who attacked Facebook at a conference in California on Monday.
Wojcicki suggested that Facebook should continue to de-emphasize news content and focus on fostering social networks, the Guardian reported.
"They should get back to baby pictures and sharing," she said at Recode's Code Media conference outside of Los Angeles.
Wojcicki also said that she is not too concerned about Facebook's attempts to establish itself as a video platform.
"[Y]ou always have to take your competitors seriously, but you don't win by looking backwards and looking around," she said.
BuzzFeed co-founder and CEO Jonah Peretti also took the opportunity to take a jab at Facebook, arguing that the social media giant should extend its revenue-sharing practices to its news feed.
"Most of Facebook's revenue is in News Feed, and that's where they've not shared revenue," Peretti told the conference.
The Guardian noted that Facebook does split advertising revenue from instant articles, or videos posted to the site. Peretti said that it is not enough, however.
"These are places with a lot less distribution, so there's a lot less revenue," he said.
The BuzzFeed chief did not stop there, adding that Facebook needs legitimate news content to avoid becoming overrun with malign actors spreading fake news.
"Facebook will have no chance to control what's in News Feed if the only lever they have is traffic, because the only way to say 'we want influence over this content' is if you have a lever of content and a lever of revenue," Peretti said.
Facebook defended itself at the conference.
The company's head of News Feed, Adam Mosseri, and news parternships manager Campbell Brown argued that the social network is working to help publishers in other ways.
Brown pushed back against the idea that Facebook is a blank slate for all content, saying that the site is fine with "leaning into quality news" and "broadly trusted publishers."
Mosseri added that Facebook's "integrity effort" is based on the company's "values" and "standards," but said the network is still not sure how to go about it.
He said a key company goal is to increase users' "time well spent" but no one is sure what that exactly means.
"We're trying to figure out how to best measure and understand that [and] trying to understand … what people actually find meaningful," Mosseri said.
Facebook has faced criticism in recent months for not taking more action to ensure that news stories on the site are legitimate, particularly after reports revealed that Russia bought Facebook ads as part of its efforts to interfere in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
Watch Wojcicki's full interview below:
Published under: Buzzfeed, Facebook, Russia, Social Media, YouTube
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The 10 Money Secrets
1. Everyone has as much money as matches his expression.
Expression is closely linked to the personality of a person, with the lifestyle that matches his or her attitude.
If a man thus strives to gain a fortune of let's say 100 million which does not matches his innermost attitude, loss will miraculously reduce his riches repeatedly to the 10 million that conforms to him and his lifestyle. And he will be happy with it. It is the attitude that counts.
So, if you do not possess as much money as matches you, then change your attitude.
2. Everybody has to find his or her own attitude towards money.
To this end, it is important to eliminate prejudices as the following: "Money you have inherited is not as good as money you have worked for." Or "Women don't know anything about money." It is necessary to make many a woman realize that she shouldn't simply say: "When it comes to money management, my husband is in charge."
You have to leave such snare behind and build a personal relationship with money.
3. Money is closely related to individual ability.
It may be a talent that is very much valued by others or makes a person unique.
The electrifying voice of Elvis Presley possessed an equally unique quality as Tiger Wood's unrivalled charismatic way to play golf today.
Every person has unique talents – he or she only has to discover and exploit them.
4. Serendipity
What is the connection between money and serendipity? Serendipity derives from the old name for Ceylon (present day's Sri Lanka): Serendip. In today's parlance it refers to a discovery made by coincidence and ingenuity.
An example of serendipity is the discovery of ether as an anesthetic. Around 1840, the physician Crawford Williamson Long used to join his friends in a game during which they exhilarated by inhaling ether. The physician noticed that participants did not feel any pain when bumping against furniture and falling onto the ground. This discovery by happenstance gave him the clever idea of using ether as a sedative in surgery.
Serendipity also applies to dealing with money. Money shouldn't be the goal, yet on the way to achieve a goal I may win a fortune. Serendipity has much to do with the secret of being at the right place at the right moment. Onassis once remarked: "You don't need to chase after money, let it come to you."
5. Who only wants to make money, won't make any.
Money has much to do with happenstance, in the sense of something that happens – for example, when attempting to achieve a certain goal.
"The greatest thing that a man can do in this world is to make the most possible out of the stuff that has been given to him. This is success and there is no other," says O.S. Marden in his book "Architect of Fate".
Who only wants to make money, won't make any. Who aims at a goal, on the other hand, will achieve it – and perhaps win a fortune along the way.
6. Money requires trust and respect.
Who has no confidence in himself and others, who doesn't trust his own abilities, will hardly make any money.
Who has earned it, though, has to treat it with respect: who doesn't respect the magical power of money, will lose it. Money wants to be cherished and preserved, carefully invested and spent.
7. Money or wealth – it's up to you.
Money is the beginning, that's true, but only wealth opens the doors to dimensions of another kind… Money is kept in the bank. Wealth, in contrast, means autonomy, giving you the freedom to do what suits you.
Money is just a hackneyed form of true wealth. As expression of an affluence of material and inner material values, wealth is a fascinating goal. On your way from money to wealth rewarding adventures await you.
8. Nothing is possible without a vision.
Vision derives from the Latin term visio (seeing, sight). Having a vision means carrying an inner image of what you aim to achieve. Strong inner images materialize. The vision urges to fall into place in outer reality. Without an inner concept of want you want to achieve, there will be no success. Success is related to succession and succeeding, hence succeeding from the inner image. Every great discovery, every bold invention, every major sporting achievement, every great fortune was and still is based on a vision.
How do the inner images look that generate success? In terms of money, is it enough to envision six-figure sums, for example, to subsequently become a millionaire? The vision of a large bank account is not enough. The inner image must include a meaning. Something that is bigger than my own ego. Something I can believe in and gives me strength. The road to realize the inner image may be long and paved with setbacks. Meaning creates persistence and the confidence that the goal will be achieved. It is vital that the inner image conforms to the personality. Everybody must develop his or her own vision from within himself or herself and from his or her own talents.
Develop your own vision, lay the basis for your success – you see, nothing will happen without a vision.
9. The Monopoly Principle.
Monopoly is a fascinating game. Everybody is throwing dice and going in circles, as at the stock exchange. Everybody has a chance to invest.
In the long term, only those who choose to build assets slowly and steadily will win – in the game as at the stock exchange. This is the secret of Monopoly. Only an asset, like a real estate or a share, creates added value and income. Only an asset makes luxury possible, capital alone does not.
Capital alone is a hollow promise. Only in commitment it becomes alive.
10. Give - and you will be given!
If you want money, give the other person what he or she deems more precious than money. People pay with money for many things, for vital necessities, but also for cars, fashionable clothes, amazing trips, for intellectual nourishment in the form of books, CDs, newspapers etc.
To give intelligently is challenging. Whole marketing departments try to find out on which products the customer willingly spend money. Newspapers, for example, investigate how to become most attractive for their customers and what requirements they should meet.
If I have something to give, the following questions arise: What makes my offer so attractive that the other person will pay for it? What value does he or she attach to it? What can I offer in return?
Give - and you will be given! A primal principle of human trade and exchange.
SunflowerSecrecy
Conzett Jürg
What Money Type are you?