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Wild Beyond
Wild Beyond description
Wild Beyond is one of the latest additions to the app store and it's already creating waves. Incorporating Fortnite-like graphics and a gameplay that is ridiculously addicting, we could be seeing another gaming phenomenon waiting to happen. However, this game developed by Strange Sevens is still pretty infantile and has not even been released in the Google Play Store. We're pretty sure it will though because it's rapidly reaching stardom. You can download Wild Beyond by Strange Sevens for free from the iTunes app store.
Wild Beyond is a fast-paced real time strategy game that truly engages players in a PVP combat gaming style. It brings back the classic PVP matches to our mobile screens coupled with some impeccable graphics that are highly reminiscent of Fortnite. The character designs in this game are also colorful, fun and offer a lot of variety.
Getting to know the game is simple. Wild Beyond schools you through the workings of the game step by step and it's not really hard to figure out what you need to do in it. Players first have to choose a faction, assemble their deck and then battle other players from across the world in a PVP combat style battle. Although from the outlook, Wild Beyond sounds and looks like an action game but it really isn't. This RTS game relies on strategy and an intelligent approach in forming your decks, using your characters and proceeding in the battle. The matches themselves are pretty precise and the time limit of each match is about 3 minutes.
Wild Beyond is set in an alternate galaxy where fame and honor are earned through victory in the battlefield. You can uncover the mysteries and secrets of this galaxy as you make your way step by step into the game. Along your way, you'll also encounter a number of interesting characters with vivid personalities. You can unlock these heroes as you progress through the game or through a couple of in-app purchases to get the really good and rare heroes and add them to your deck. Decks in wild Beyond are created by the characters and heroes you unlock. That means that the stronger your heroes are, the stronger your deck will be.
You can also customize your deck and heroes. These customization options include equipping your characters with unique skins that are faction-based and maximizing the skills of each character. Each hero will have his/her own fighting and combat style. The key to succeeding in Wild Beyond is building a well-balanced deck that not only incorporates powerful heroes but also includes strategically important units that can help you take down your foe in combat.
In Wild Beyond, you can not only play against real life players in the game through the multiplayer mode but there are a couple of powerful and unique bosses that you can challenge. Defeating these bosses not only earn your major points and rewards but also increases your chances of making it to the top of the leaderboard charts.
Wild Beyond is definitely a great modern addition to app games but it's only still available for iOS devices. Plus, although the game is free to download, the number of in-app purchases and their need is something we can't ignore. You might be forced in making these in-app purchases to really make it further into the game. This is why some players have dubbed the game as a pay to win game.
Why do we recommend Wild Beyond?
Engaging real time strategy PVP combat game that is fresh and new to the app store
Free to download and play
Fortnite-like graphics with amazing and fun character designs
Tons of characters to unlock and add to your deck
Customization options are plenty
What can be improved in Wild Beyond?
Only available for iOS devices as of yet
The app constantly urges you to make in-app purchases in order to proceed further into the game and to unlock more content and features that give you an upper hand in the game
Wild Beyond is one of the top apps in the Strategy app category, which belongs to Strange Sevens. It's last update was on November 19, 2018 and it has been already downloaded times. On the app store it has now 28,000 reviews. After you get to Wild Beyond page on the app store, click install & enjoy it.
Developed by: Strange Sevens
Current Version: Varies with device
Requires Android: Varies with device
Wild Beyond alternatives


On 7th August 2015 the Order of Ministry of Labour of the Russian Federation dated 13.07.2015 #446n "On approval of positions of foreign nationals or stateless persons – qualified specialists entitled to acquire Russian citizenship in simplified manner" comes into effect. Since that, foreign nationals holding certain positions for no less than 3 years in Russia may submit application for acquiring Russian citizenship in simplified manner without waiting 5 years as compared to regular procedure.
The list of approved positions include doctors, engineers, director for economics (finance director), as well as other specific specialists. Full list of positions is here.


New Delhi: Amid criticism that India failed to obtain consensus on reference to cross-border terrorism in Brics declaration, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj on Tuesday said threat of terror featured strongly in the narrative of the Summit and there was a growing recognition that it has become a truly global challenge.
Two days after the Brics Summit in Goa where India forcefully highlighted terror emanating from Pakistan, she said there was no bigger global challenge than "state-sponsored" and "state-protected terrorism, asserting those supporting terror networks must be made to pay the cost.
In clear reference to Pakistan, Swaraj said there is a need to extract costs from those who sponsor and support terrorists and provide them sanctuary and continue to make the "false distinction" between "good and bad terrorists".
Swaraj was delivering an address at the Brics media forum.
In an obvious reference to Pakistan blocking several pacts on transport and connectivity in Saarc, Swaraj referred to growing cooperation on these issues among Bimstec nations, noting "There cannot be a greater contrast with those who reject even trade and connectivity for political reasons." On deliberations at the Brics, Swaraj said while the economic engagement and political cooperation remained key factors, there was a sharp realisation that global development and prosperity was very much dependent on continued peace and security.
"Terrorism was universally recognised as a key threat to stability, progress and development. Consequently, it featured strongly in the conference narrative and its eventual outcome. "Indeed, what we saw was not just an understanding of the dangers posed by terrorism to the economic aspirations of the world but a growing recognition that this has now become a truly global challenge that the international community can only ignore at its peril," she said.
There was criticism of the government after consensus eluded on reference to cross-border terror in Brics declaration. Without naming any country, Swaraj said there has always been an overarching political context for the Brics meetings which essentially underlines that a serious global discourse cannot be the "preserve" of a few countries with a "narrow agenda".
"There is a developing consensus that it cannot be business as usual. We must be prepared to extract costs for those who sponsor and support terrorists, who provide them sanctuary, and who, despite their own claimed victimhood, continue to make the false distinction between good and bad terrorists.
"Brics has always been global in its approach and today, there is no bigger global challenge than state-sponsored and state-protected terrorism," she said.


This 20' boat is designed for partying or cruising. Up to 8 adults maximum, (with minimal gear) this boat is ideal for a day picnic on the islands, or anchor for swimming. Complete coast guard required safety gear on board. Just bring your personal gear. Pets welcome on all boats, but we check for water dishes and water for the puppies.... so don't forget. Treasure Coast Marina can answer all your questions! Call 321-733-3390 for pricing info and to reserve your day on the water!
All boats subject to availability. Reservations at least 24 hours in advance are necessary. Please call 321-733-3390 for more information!


Founded in 2007, Reviewsnap offers an integrated suite of talent management solutions spanning performance reviews, compensation management and learning management. The web-based solution allows businesses to streamline the performance management process of their employees with 360-degree performance review system.
Users are automatically granted access to all applications in the Reviewsnap suite, rather than having to access them à la carte. A personalized dashboard allows employees to view their compensation, rewards, achievements and engagements on a single screen.
The system is flexible, allowing users to customize the review process. For instance, managers can change the criteria used to evaluate the employees or choose from a bank of provided performance review templates.
As a web-based performance management solution, Reviewsnap is accessible via any device with an Internet connection. The solution is suited for businesses of all sizes, across multiple industries, and provides customer service to client companies located anywhere in the world.
Reviewsnap lives up to its name.
As a small organization with many staff who frequently travel, we sought a system that was simple, intuitive and available 24/7. We reviewed many systems, big and small and almost settled on a product, but then found out about Reviewsnap. Both vendors gave us access to test environments where we were able to compare coverage, ease of setup and get a sense of the training required. Reviewsnap won hands down - very easy to set up, minimal training required, and all our priority requirements - fairly standard - were covered in their product. Employee profiles and job descriptions, competency and other review sections with lots of flexibility for overall design, ratings, comments, option to select from stock examples or use our own; integrated ongoing management of work and professional development goals, a great 'journaling' feature for keeping track of accomplishments through the year or for giving kudos to colleagues; automated notifications for deadlines and digital signatures. If users do need help, there is a small, onsite set of user manuals, workflow diagrams, etc. We added links to our performance review policies, etc on our Reviewsnap "Welcome page". Once our own system was set up, our Reviewsnap rep trained the 2 groups (employees/supervisors) via short webcast and the recordings are now permanently available to walk new staff through the site in under 10 minutes. Most notably, our customer service rep (same person over the last 3 years) has been absolutely exceptional. Her turnaround time is usually within a couple hours, responses are always helpful, short and and to-the-point, and if another service department is ever needed, she coordinates that. I also very much appreciated working through the trial period with a company that allowed us to work at our own pace without pressuring us to make a quick purchase. That flexibility helped assure we had the time needed to select the right product. Reviewsnap listens to their customers and keeps improving the product without inflating the cost.
It's very minor, and the only reason I give them one "9" below, but the last couple steps involve a hand-off of the review and then initiating final approvals and signatures. Some staff have neglected to complete the last couple steps that officially close off the review, and we would just find it helpful to have the system keep notifying staff, after a reasonable amount of time has elapsed, that they're not done yet, and remind them what steps they need to do to officially close the review. If nothing else, staff will eventually discover their lapse when they try to begin a new review and are unable to. If the system helped prompt them to close out the review, it would just avoid their being confused when they try to begin a new one.
The first experience was good but all since have been negative. I'm sure they're great to some clients but that was not what I've received.
The UI was difficult to use last year so I was very excited to see they were upgrading the platform. The new platform looks like it'll be great, so it's too bad I won't get to use it.
I understand that not everyone has had the same experience as me, but I've been extremely unimpressed with ReviewSnap.
We were told that our review timeline was able to be accommodated by an upcoming system upgrade. I asked the rep whether we could have it up and running for a mid-November start and she assured me we could. I told her I would reach out a week or two later to let her know we were ready to upgrade. She said this was ok.
Fast forward 2 weeks. I emailed her to let her know we were ready and then didn't get a response until 10 days later. By this time all of the upgrade slots were full. I was told that I would be updated when we moved up. I then had to reach out on two separate occasions to see what our status was, each time being told that "we were in the queue". My second email this morning was given the exact same response: "you're in the queue". This second email also said that they think they could get me a slot in mid-October to mid-November, but couldn't guarantee it.
At no point in this process has anyone from ReviewSnap reached out to me update me or try to give me an answer without me reaching out first. They have not been a partner and have certainly not made me feel like we were spending our money wisely. For me personally they've taken the route of replacing customer service with apologies.
We have asked to be taken off the upgrade list since we will not be renewing. Maybe now someone can finally get a slot.
Performance reviews that are tailored to your needs and easy to customize as your needs change.
Pros: Reviewsnap is the first Performance Management System our company has used. We did a thorough search for products that would meet our needs and budget, and Reviewsnap was the best value. They helped us tailor the program to our specific situation, and worked with us to iron out any kinks if things didn't go the way we thought they would. The tech team made sure they understood our needs, and kept at it until we had the system operating as our COO requested. The tech support is highly responsive and knowledgeable, and gets answers for us in a timely manner. Our Customer Service Representative has provided help and answers for us as we have evolved in our review process. She has gone out of her way to train our managers on a one-on-one basis if needed to make sure they understand the system. The system is easy to customize when our company updates our performance procedures. Reviewsnap also uses feedback from users of the system to make updates and improvements. The product is a great value financially for our small company. Cons: Our problems mainly result from lack of engagement from managers. We have automated our review process in the past 3 years, so the culture is difficult to shift from a more 'free for all' format. Because of this, there is some resistance to actually learning the program fully. There are some technical features that do require frequent use to become familiar, so we have to train some people more frequently on how to use the system. But most managers are extremely good at using Reviewsnap, and find it very easy and intuitive. Overall, getting buy in from your management team is essential in any performance review system. Reviewsnap is a valuable tool our company uses to track performance and stay on top of goals for the team. I recommend it highly.
Melissa from Batten & Shaw, Inc.
Reviewsnap Administrator for 2 years - very pleased!
The customer service that we receive from Reviewsnap is fabulous. The individual that took us through the sales process became our relationship manager, so there was never a handoff or any time/knowledge lost in a transition. She is extremely responsive and always goes above and beyond to ensure that the software meets our needs.
Reviewsnap is a standalone product, so the only negative that I would say about it is that it's a separate system from others that we have in our company (ex: applicant tracking system, customer management software, etc.). It is one more login for our employees to keep track of. Our typical employee utilizes the system infrequently, which means that some individuals forget their login information and need to have it resent to them each time they are asked to complete something in the system.
In my over 25 years of Human Resource Management, ReviewSnap is the FIRST performance review program that I have found to be 1) user friendly for everyone (not just the administrator), 2) incredibly flexible and customizable (to your standards, not theirs) and 3) with an amazing support team. It is difficult to select only a few features that are my favorite so I'll minimize for my peers that may be considering the product: 1) The system provides your managers sample phrases to use in the event they are not very wordy when it comes to praise/correction; additionally, the Authoricheck helps YOU prevent inappropriate statements being made. 2) The system notifies your managers of due dates and sends reminders - you no longer have to track your managers down! 3) You can have as few or as many review templates as you like - we generally develop by department but you can get as involved as by job. The only "kink" (and it's so minor I hate to call it a kink) is that the process can be a little confusing when a review is completed - it is human nature to click "continue" when you have finished something but that erases in place signatures at the end of the process. However, once you learn the system and realize that the signatures themselves "continue" the process, the issue resolves itself. I am proud to be a user and a reseller for this product. I never hesitate to introduce the product to our clients!
It is fairly straightforward to use. I like the journal entries feature, to log good feedback and notable successes on a daily basis instead of trying to remember them the day before my review is due.
I have found it somewhat tricky to complete the review finalization process - every year I struggle to find how to send it on to my supervisor. That process could be a bit more straightforward in my opinion. Also I think it should save text automatically as you start typing to minimize the potential to accidentally navigate away from the page and lose your work.
You create your own review templates, frequency of reviews and scoring range and description. This is not a you have to pay to add on an additional feature like some vendors. Also, instead of deleting past employees, you simply deactivate them. We have been with ReviewSnap over five years. In that time, there have been many excellent updates and improvements to the system. I love the Supervisor Guide and Administrator Guide. It took me awhile to get the supervisors to start using the Journal Entries function. Now that they do, they see the advantage in being able to add noteworthy events, training, etc., throughout the review period and spend less time trying to gather information together to put in the review.
Nothing. The issues that were there when we first signed up were issues that the vendor later improved on in the updates. The updates were all positive and did not create a burden on the user.
Our overall experience with ReviewSnap has been great. Although we were very happy with what the product offers out of the box, we really like to have the flexibility of customization. We have received great feedback from our users on the ease of use and ability to access the system from any location. We firmly believe that our positive experience is not only because you have a great product, but mainly because we have an excellent representative, Ms. Gloria Giron. Ms. Giron is very professional and knowledgeable with this product. She responds promptly to calls, emails and requests, she is very thorough with her responses and she takes the time to teach and explain why or how things work. When she was on vacation, we received assistance from other representatives who were not as knowledgeable and who did not always respond in a timely manner. Needless to say, we are very happy and appreciative with her hard work and dedication to our company. The only area of improvement I can think of is the response time from developers, we feel that at times Gloria had to continuously follow up with them to get a response on quotes. Regardless and thanks to Gloria, this slight deficiency did not take away from our experience as she was very persistent with her follow up.
Our company implemented Reviewsnap for our 2015 performance management reviews and goals.
Very easy to implement; extremely flexible in setup; we customized templates for three employee classes. The list of competency groups is so comprehensive and the individual competencies allow for so many different levels - it was very easy to put together review templates that were more meaningful to our employees. Love that performance management of competencies, goals, journal entries are all in one place. And that multiple people can view journal entries and kudos; love the kudos. Goal setting is easy to do. Would like even more capabilities with cascading goals, but part of that is training within our company. The support given by Reviewsnap staff is excellent. They are very responsive and helpful and spend time to help you understand the system very thoroughly. Our employees loved how easy it was to use. Simple things like having individual file folders with employee pictures is really nice, too. We are very pleased with Reviewsnap and will begin to utilize the compensation module to make it even more comprehensive and useful. Like that you can install one module at a time, so users can get familiar with it. Great feedback from management team and employees as well.
We have been a ReviewSnap client for several years and are continually impressed with the excellent customer service and ease of use of the software. As a non-profit, cost is also a huge factor and the annual contract is not only affordable, but is guaranteed to not increase once you sign up.
Our supervisors love the fact that that they can easily select ratings for their team and receive suggestions to add commentary. As the system admin, I love the fact that I can easily import new staff to the the database and create ad-hoc reports.
The only con is the finalization process - it would be nice to obtain final signature and not have to go back in to finalize.
ReviewSnap is very easy to use and extremely user-friendly. The program has all the functionality we need without the bells and whistles we do not. ReviewSnap gave us a dedicated account rep that has been there to support us over the last three years in making changes to our account and increasing our usage of their features. The product is also extremely customizable. Because it is web-based, it keeps a record that you can access from anywhere. Based on my research, the price was also very competitive for what they offer.
Over the last three years, ReviewSnap has continued to improve and implemented many of the changes we have requested.
A good product that is getting better all the time. Well worth looking at for the price.


Why should I join slimage?
At slimage, you can lose weight by eating your choice of food.
Do you have any other branches ?
No, we are only based in west Punjabi bagh.
Our charges for the first month are rs 5000 followed by rs 4000 from next month onwards.
What type of diet you provide?
Our diets are based on your routine & preferences. We make customized plans for individual needs.
Do you provide blood group diets?
Yes, we can, if we feel the need to do so.
How successful are your diets?
Our diets are 99% successful.
Will your diets help, if I want to lose weight fast?
Yes, we can give you diet for faster weight loss. But it is always preferred as slow & steady wins the race.
Do you provide diets while on travel?
Yes, definitely we can give you diets in every corner of the world.
What if I'll not lose weight?
We put all our efforts to make you lose weight, if not by a standard plan than may be by trying some other plans.
Do you provide keto diets?
We can give keto diets on your request.
What should I expect with your diets?
One thing that is for sure is you will not starve, can have your choice of foods with desired weight loss..
How much I have to alter my lifestyle?
After a discussion only, we can conclude what & how you have to change your lifestyle as you need to lose something to gain something.
What type of exercise you suggest?
With our diets, we want you to be regular with walks i.e 45 mins.
Do you give supplements also?
Result May vary Person to Person " Disclaimer "


r next submit, I will try to get the cling of it!
You really make it seem so easy together with your presentation however I to find this matter to be actually something which I feel I'd by no means understand. It kind of feels too complicated and extremely broad for me. I am having a look forward to your next submit, I will try to get the cling of it!


In 83 we have a new capability to perform the same operations that you could always perform on individual objects on sets of objects.
A simple but hopefully useful addition for those who use the ServiceAPI.
We have always been able to upload a new revision for a record, uploading other document types (e.g. record rendition, location electronic attachment) was not always that simple, now it is.
In which I have a look at the new thumbnail view in WebDrawer.
So starts my series on new features in RM 83. As per usual this is my opinion not an officially sponsored list of 83 features. As my opinion the choices lean well toward the web side of the playground. Come back every day or two (or subscribe to the RSS feed) for more.
This video show-cases the new TIF and PDF viewer used within WebDrawer.


Well if you read my book- The spirit guides and Angels talk of the parallels and the times we see notice / double numbers or sequential are just events happening in One or more of our parallels where our true soul is.
Time doesn't exist in some other parallels as it does here on earth dimension 2012, so we- humans just "notice" the clock –because this is how "we" gauge what we labeled as "time".
When you notice a "time" here, it is important happenings that are some other levels or parallels.
It could mean a "birth" or an ending" or an important segment in that parallel life.
As we are adapting to these "changes" on earth dimension you may feel you are "frustrated, have anger, or depression- some may feel uncertainty and a need of moving, changing, also cleaning all in ones life that no longer serves them, such as relationships, friendships etc. Many of us have been feeling the same old emotions from past issues in this life and some emotional issues from some other parallels and that is why you may not even "know" how and why you are feeling this way.
A lot of this uncertainty and changes in your lives now stems from all deep things in this life that we thought we let go of- so we are getting one more round at them and the emotions of them – so we can understand again, learn again– and then move ahead to our advancement! Enhancement.
Hope this helps you on your opening to The 2nd Big Shift- there's a lot of goodness coming!!
These emotions will pass, allow them to.


A thousand gallons of pale mud bubbles and splutters in a 12 by 9 foot vat. Rauschenberg's bed, paint-splattered and horizontal, is a backdrop to the exhibition's centrepiece, a taxidermied angora goat encircled by a rubber tyre, Monogram, that hasn't travelled to the UK in over a century.
This is a really big deal. American artist Robert Rauschenberg defined a moment in art. He defied categorisation, but bridged the gap between Abstract Expressionism and Pop art. His works, though, rarely travel - the painting-sculpture hybrids are simply too fragile.
Rauschenberg is remembered as the first American artist to win the coveted Golden Lion at the Venice Biennale in 1963 and ever since, has been a staple superstar on the US art scene. Best pals with Robert Mapplethorpe, Rauschenberg was a true adventurer. This Tate Modern Robert Rauschenberg exhibition is the first major retrospective of his work since his death in 2008 and ends a shocking gap of 35 years since the last UK show. And oh, what a thrill.
The shiny new Tate Modern has, expertly and carefully, mounted a sensational retrospective that embodies the exploratory vigor of Rauschenberg's artistic career, as he clattered through tradition camouflaging the point of intersection between art and life.
The opening room 'Experimentation', immediately confronts us with Automobile Tyre Print, the infamous playful tapestry consisting of twenty sheets of typewriter-paper glued and driven over by John Cage's paint-doused Ford, outside Rauschenberg's New York studio.
The following 10 rooms trace a loose chronology, representing key shifts in Rauschenberg's technique through his ever-changing, ever-astonishing six-decade career.
Film, socks, quilts, clay, street-signs and parasols, expect famous Combines and the graphic screen prints of John F Kennedy. Expect early experiments at Black Mountain College, one of the most experimental art schools in America during the 1950s, when Rauschenberg first joined forces with heavyweights Jasper Johns and Cy Twombly.
Opening on Thursday, this is a hugely rare, and important, opportunity to experience Rauschenberg's most famous works in such glorious multitude. From the outset to the cusp, the exhibition is a crescendo that envelopes every outermost edge of Rauschenberg's career, leaving no realm untouched.


Shimla as portrayed here with concrete and high-rise structures has virtually become concrete jungle. The world famous Mall is visible here but the trees and green foliage are being gradually usurped with the passage of time by the massive concrete structures. This Queen of Hills Shimla has been subjugated by modern technology and urbanization. There is the big pressure of its being the capital of this hill State and it has long ago lost all claims of quite hill station retreat. This is the price one has to pay for being the privileged inhabitants of the capital.


text:
Sprachenauswahl
Aktualisierungen abonnieren
Portal personalisieren
Anpassung dinglicher Rechte
Beschränkungen bei der Rechtsnachfolge von Todes wegen – besondere Regelungen
Scheidung und Getrenntleben
Vermögensrechtliche Folgen der Ehe und eingetragener Partnerschaften
Eheliche Güterstände
Güterrechtliche Wirkungen eingetragener Partnerschaften
Elterliche Sorge und Umgangsrecht/Besuchsrecht
Umzug ins Ausland mit Kindern/Aufenthaltsbestimmung
Elterliche Kindesentführung
Unterhaltsansprüche von Familienangehörigen
Grenzüberschreitende Unterbringung eines Kindes (einschließlich Pflegefamilie)
Geldforderungen
Gerichtsgebühren – Europäisches Mahnverfahren
Europäisches Verfahren für geringfügige Forderungen
Gerichtsgebühren – Europäisches Verfahren für geringfügige Forderungen
Insolvenz/Bankrott
Sicherung von Vermögenswerten in der EU
Zivilsachen
Beweisaufnahme
Zustellung von Schriftstücken: Amtliche Übermittlung von Schriftstücken
Prozessuale Fristen
Elektronischer Rechtsverkehr und elektronische Kommunikation mit Gerichten
Schutz vor Gewalt und Belästigung
In welchem Mitgliedstaat befindet sich das zuständige Gericht?
Anerkennung und Vollstreckung von Gerichtsentscheidungen
Vollstreckung einer Gerichtsentscheidung
Europäischer Vollstreckungstitel
Strafsachen
Justizielle Zusammenarbeit
Europäischer Haftbefehl
Europäische Ermittlungsanordnung, Rechtshilfe und gemeinsame Ermittlungsgruppen
Freiheitsentziehung und Überstellung von Gefangenen
Sicherstellung von Vermögensgegenständen und Beweismitteln
Bußgeldzahlungen
Europäische Schutzanordnung
Zuständigkeitskonflikte – in welchem Land ist das zuständige Gericht?
Videokonferenzdienste
Allgemeines zu Videokonferenzdiensten
Beweisaufnahme mittels Videokonferenz
Arbeitshilfen in den Mitgliedstaaten
Klage vor Gericht
EU-Regelungen auf dem Gebiet der Mediation
Mediation in den Mitgliedstaaten
Grundsätze und Etappen
Wie funktioniert sie?
Formulare "Europäischer Zahlungsbefehl"
Formulare "Geringfügige Forderungen"
Formulare – Entscheidungen in Zivil- und Handelssachen
Formulare "Prozesskostenhilfe"
Formulare – Unterhaltspflichten
Formulare – Entscheidungen in Ehesachen/Verfahren zur elterlichen Verantwortung
Formulare – Zustellung von Schriftstücken
Formulare "Beweisaufnahme in Zivil- und Handelssachen"
Formulare – europäischer Vollstreckungstitel
Formulare "Europäischer Beschluss zur vorläufigen Kontenpfändung"
Formulare – Entschädigung der Opfer von Straftaten
Formulare für öffentliche Urkunden
Europäisches Nachlasszeugnis
Bescheinigungen über die gegenseitige Anerkennung von Schutzmaßnahmen
Wo und wie
In welchem Mitgliedstaat?
Einleitung eines Gerichtsverfahrens
Welches nationale Recht ist anwendbar?
Gesetzliche Zinssätze
Gerichtsorganisation der EU und der Mitgliedstaaten
EU-Gerichtsbarkeit
Gerichtsorganisation der Mitgliedstaaten
Europäischer Gerichtsatlas für Zivilsachen
Entscheidungen in Zivil- und Handelssachen - Brüssel I-Verordnung
Brüssel I-Verordnung (Neufassung)
Unterhaltspflichten
Ehesachen und Verfahren betreffend die elterliche Verantwortung
Zustellung von Schriftstücken
Gegenseitige Anerkennung von Schutzmaßnahmen in Zivilsachen
Europäischer Beschluss zur vorläufigen Kontenpfändung
Entschädigung der Opfer von Straftaten
Fragen des ehelichen Güterstands
Vermögensrechtliche Wirkungen eingetragener Partnerschaften
Beschuldigte (Strafverfahren)
Opfer von Straftaten
Opfer (Strafverfahren)
Prüfung meines Antrags in diesem Land
Weiterleitung meines Antrags von diesem Land an ein anderes EU-Land
Prüfung meines Antrags (aus einem anderen Land) in diesem Land
Entschädigung durch den Täter
Opferrechte – nach Mitgliedstaat
Gegenseitige Anerkennung von Schutzmaßnahmen
Grundrechte in der Europäischen Union
Charta-Tutorial
Teil I – Schutz der Grundrechte innerhalb der Europäischen Union
Teil II – Wann können Einzelne Schutz im Rahmen der Charta beanspruchen?
Teil III – Anwendungsbereich, Auslegung und Wirkungen der Charta
Gilt die Charta in meinem Fall?
Wo bekomme ich Hilfe?
Interaktives Tool zu Grundrechten
Liste der zuständigen Gerichte und Stellen
Andere Einrichtungen auf EU- und internationaler Ebene für Grundrechtsbeschwerden
Rechte von Minderjährigen in Gerichtsverfahren
Zugang zu Gerichten in Umweltangelegenheiten
Recht und Rechtsprechung
Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie auf den Justizbereich
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1 - Notes
Discontinuation of proceedings (1)
Summary proceedings (2)
Expedited proceedings (3)
Court-appointed lawyer (4)
Data on investigations/charges/convictions (5)
Legal challenges during investigation (6)
Proceedings may be discontinued (Einstellung) at any point, either by the public prosecutor or, after the prosecution has been brought, by the court. There are various ways in which proceedings can be discontinued. The main ones in practice are as follows.
Proceedings can be discontinued provisionally, for example if you are absent for a long period. Proceedings can also be discontinued if the investigation does not produce sufficient grounds to bring charges, in which case the public prosecutor may reopen the proceedings at any time (subject to certain periods of limitation), for instance if new evidence comes to light.
The proceedings can also be discontinued definitively. This can happen in the case of offences where the degree of culpability is small and there is no reason to believe that prosecution would be in the public interest. Proceedings may also be discontinued conditionally, for example on condition that you pay a fine or comply with an order, such as an order to attend road safety classes.
At the end of an investigation into a minor offence (Vergehen) the public prosecutor, rather than bringing a prosecution, may apply to the court in writing for a summary order (Strafbefehl). The court may make a summary order if it considers the written evidence sufficient. A summary order describes the offence briefly and imposes a stated penalty. If you do not object, the summary order has the same effect as a final judgment.
A summary order has limited legal consequences. It normally imposes a fine. It may also impose a driving ban. Provided you have a defence lawyer, you may also be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of no more than one year, but probation must be granted.
If you do wish to object, you have two options:
In the case of a fine, you may confine your objection to the daily quota used to calculate the fine. If you and the public prosecutor agree, the court can take a decision without a full trial.
If you do not limit your objection, the case will go to trial. You do not have to appear in person, but may be represented by a lawyer. Witnesses do not need to appear in person either. Minutes of examinations of witnesses can be read out with your agreement, if you are present at the trial.
At the end, the court will deliver judgment. It is not bound by the penalty imposed in the summary order: it may also impose a higher penalty, within the legal sentencing limits.
Where the facts are simple and the evidence is clear, the public prosecutor can also apply to the court for expedited proceedings (beschleunigtes Verfahren). Proceedings of this kind may be resorted to for example if you are not resident in Germany and there is reason to believe that you will not appear at a later court hearing.
If the public prosecutor applies for expedited proceedings, the trial will take place immediately or within a short time. There is no need for a court decision to proceed to the trial stage, as there is with an ordinary prosecution: there are no intermediate proceedings.
In expedited proceedings there are simpler rules allowing the court to refuse applications to have certain evidence considered.
The scope for sentencing is likewise limited. The court can impose only a fine, or a term of imprisonment of no more than one year. It may also withdraw your driving licence.
Court‑appointed lawyer (4)
Unless you are already being represented by a lawyer, the court must appoint one if you are suspected of a more serious crime (Verbrechen), or if the likely sentence in the event of a conviction is more than one year's imprisonment, or if you are being held in pre‑trial custody, or you are unable to defend yourself for other reasons. In expedited proceedings a defence lawyer will be appointed if the likely sentence is more than six months. The court's obligation to appoint a lawyer does not depend on your financial status.
The court appoints the lawyer. It must allow you to choose your own lawyer if you so wish and to nominate that lawyer to the court. If you do not nominate a lawyer, the court will designate one itself.
The court‑appointed defence lawyer can be changed only in exceptional cases. You may also appoint a different lawyer of your own choice, in which case the court will usually withdraw the appointment of the court‑appointed lawyer. If you do choose your own lawyer you will have to pay the costs yourself, except in so far as the costs have to be borne by the state in the event of an acquittal.
What data is kept?
The police keep their own databases of information obtained during investigations.
The public prosecutor's office also stores data during and after an investigation. Information obtained in the course of an investigation is also kept in a central register of prosecutions. There are specific periods set by law after which the information must be deleted.
Records of convictions in criminal cases are kept in the Federal Central Criminal Register (Bundeszentralregister). You have no say about whether this data is recorded. Convictions are deleted after a specified time if no fresh convictions have been added. The length of time depends on the severity of the sentence.
What data are consulted in criminal proceedings and when?
The police and public prosecutor may access their own databases at any time. They have no direct access to the Federal Central Criminal Register. When the court prepares for the trial it will request an extract from the register.
Do the data play a role at the investigation stage?
If there are records of previous investigations, the public prosecutor's office must take these into account if, for example, it is checking the possibility of discontinuing proceedings under Sections 153 and 153a of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
Do the data play a role at the trial stage?
The law allows previous convictions recorded in the central register to be taken into account at the trial. If you are found to have previous convictions, they may have a negative effect on the sentence. Data kept only by the public prosecutor or the police may not be taken into account in sentencing.
How can I find out what information has been stored about me, and what can I do about it?
You can find out what data concerning you has been stored by applying to the departments that record the data.
You can apply to have the data deleted by the department. If the department refuses to do so, you may have the decision reviewed by a court.
The Central Criminal Register is governed by the Federal Central Criminal Register Act. Data stored by the public prosecutor is subject to Sections 483 ff. of the Code of Criminal Procedure; the central register of prosecutions is covered by Section 492(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, with further details in a Regulation; police databases are governed by the Federal Office of Crime Prevention Act and the police legislation of the Länder.
You have the right to challenge measures taken during an investigation. The remedies open to you include filing a police complaint or applying for the matter to be decided by a court.
You can lodge a complaint (Beschwerde) against such a court decision.
If the police or the public prosecutor have taken a measure without a warrant, you can apply to have it reviewed by the court retrospectively. If you object to a seizure, the matter will be brought before a judge automatically, and you do not need to apply to the court.
The national language version of this page is maintained by the respective Member State. The translations have been done by the European Commission service. Possible changes introduced in the original by the competent national authority may not be yet reflected in the translations. The European Commission accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to any information or data contained or referred to in this document. Please refer to the legal notice to see copyright rules for the Member State responsible for this page.
2 – Getting legal advice
Getting independent legal advice is very important if you are involved in some way in the criminal process. The factsheets tell you when and in what circumstances you are entitled to be represented by a lawyer. They also tell you what a lawyer will do for you. This general factsheet tells you how to find a lawyer and how the costs of the lawyer will be met if you cannot afford to pay for legal advice.
When you learn that you are subject to a criminal investigation, you may search for specialist criminal lawyers on the Internet for example. Every lawyer (Anwalt) registered in Germany is authorised to act as a defence lawyer. If the matter is urgent, because you are about to be arrested or your premises are about to be searched, you can find a defence lawyer around the clock through a criminal lawyer hotline. If you need someone with specific language skills or in a particular location, you can go to the criminal lawyer search function provided by the Criminal Department of the German Law Association (Deutsches Anwaltverein). You can also look up the regional bar association (Rechtsanwaltskammer). Since 1 January 2010, there have been regional lists of lawyers who are prepared to take on court-appointed defence work. You can find out where to get these lists and how to use them through your local bar association (including here).
If you have been arrested or are being held in pre-trial custody you will not be able to access this information. The police are obliged to provide you with a list of lawyers or a telephone directory if you ask for one. The police also know the hotlines. If the police do not allow you to get in touch with a lawyer, you must tell this to the court as soon as you appear there. The courts also have lists of lawyers who are prepared to take on court-appointed defence work.
Paying for a lawyer
If you are acquitted, the state must pay the lawyer's costs. If the proceedings are discontinued at the investigation stage or if you are convicted, you will have to bear the costs yourself.
Even if you are on a low income or have no income at all, there is no basic right to financial support from the state in criminal proceedings. You can apply for aid for initial legal advice from your local court (Amtsgericht).
There are special rules on payment in the case of court-appointed defence lawyers. Here the state pays the lawyer in the first place, but the statutory payment for a court‑appointed lawyer is lower than what the lawyer would otherwise be able to charge. If you are convicted, you will be billed for the costs of the court-appointed lawyer at the end of the proceedings. You will then have to pay the legal costs back to the state, and in addition pay the lawyer the costs he or she would have been entitled to charge if he or she had not been appointed as your lawyer by the court, always supposing that you are in fact able to pay.
3 – My rights during the investigation
This factsheet deals with the investigation stage, which starts when the law enforcement authorities carry out their first investigations and ends when the public prosecutor brings a charge or discontinues the proceedings.
What are the stages in a criminal investigation?
The prosecuting authorities (either the public prosecutor or the police) will start an investigation if they suspect you of a criminal offence. The aim of the investigation is to establish whether or not the suspicion against you is justified. They must also investigate any evidence in your favour. If the public prosecutor believes that the suspicion is justified he or she will bring a charge against you (or apply for a summary order (Strafbefehl)).
In order to investigate the case there is a variety of measures that the police and the public prosecutor can take. What measures will be taken, and when, depends on the circumstances. For example, you may be arrested immediately after committing an offence. Arrest may be followed by pre-trial custody.
If you feel that an investigative measure will affect you adversely you may challenge it before a court, at the time or retrospectively.
Data regarding previous investigations and convictions may be called for. The details are explained here.
My rights during an investigation
You have the right to a lawyer throughout the investigation. For information about finding a lawyer and the related costs, see here. If you do not speak German, you can request an interpreter for your meetings with your lawyer.
You do not have the right to see your file. However, you can be granted disclosures from the documents if they do not put the investigations in jeopardy, or infringe the rights of third parties. When the investigation is complete, your defence lawyer will be granted access to the documents. Before this, access is granted only if it does not jeopardise the purpose of the investigation.
For information about your rights if any of the following investigative measures are taken against you, see the sections below:
Identification procedure/body search (2)
Search/seizure/wiretapping (3)
Pre-trial custody (5)
The charge (6)
If I am a foreign national, how will this affect the investigation proceedings?
In general, you have the right to leave Germany during a criminal investigation. You are prevented from leaving the country only if you have been arrested, or if an arrest warrant has been suspended subject to the condition, for example, that you are not to leave your place of residence without the permission of the court.
If you know that you are being investigated, you should make sure that the public prosecutor and the court can contact you by post.
You can contact your national consulate at any time in the course of an investigation.
If you are suspected of an offence, the police or the public prosecutor will question you about the accusation, so as to ensure that you are given a proper hearing. In some cases, if the public prosecutor so requests, you may also be questioned by a judge.
What should I do if I have been called for questioning?
If the public prosecutor or a court has called you for questioning (Vernehmung), you must attend. If you fail to respond you may be brought before the prosecutor or court by force. If you are called for questioning by the police you are not bound to attend.
What will I be told before questioning?
Before you are questioned you will be told what you are accused of having done, and what laws may have been broken. You will be told that you have the right to remain silent, that you may consult a lawyer before you are questioned, and that you may ask for items of evidence in your favour to be considered.
Will I be provided with an interpreter if I don't speak the language?
If your German is not good enough, an interpreter will be provided. This will not cost you anything. The interpreter will attend the whole interview and will translate the questions, your answers and the written record of the interview.
Can I talk to a lawyer?
As a suspect you may speak with a defence lawyer alone or in the presence of an interpreter. If you are questioned by the public prosecutor or a judge, you may have a defence lawyer present, but not if you are questioned by the police.
Will I be interviewed? Should I give information?
Before the end of the investigation the police or public prosecutor must question you, unless the proceedings are discontinued. If the case is straightforward, you may be questioned in writing.
When you are questioned, even in writing, you must give your personal particulars. These include your first names, surname, name at birth, place and date of birth, marital status, your occupation, your address and your nationality.
However, you are under no obligation to answer the accusation, or to provide information relating to the case. What you say, and how much, is up to you, though you may wish to speak to your lawyer first.
What happens if I say something to my disadvantage?
Everything you say during an interview will be recorded in minutes. If you say something that is to your disadvantage, the court that considers your case after you are charged will know of it. Even if at a later stage you want to remain silent or to withdraw your statement, the court may in its judgment take account of anything you said earlier.
Will I be told of the state of the investigation when I am questioned?
It is up to the public prosecutor whether to inform you about the state of the investigation. The public prosecutor may not, however, give you misleading information.
What methods may not be used?
You cannot be mistreated or otherwise physically handled during questioning. Nobody may threaten you or promise you anything that is not allowed by law. Any statement you make under those conditions cannot be taken into consideration, even with your agreement.
The rules on interviewing suspects are set out in Sections 136, 136a and 163a of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
Identification procedure/body search/blood samples, etc. (2)
You can find details of how to challenge such measures here.
What does the identification procedure involve? When will this be done?
The aim of the identification procedure (Erkennungsdienstliche Behandlung, ED-Behandlung) is to identify you so as to help establish your guilt or innocence in pending criminal proceedings. You may be photographed, your fingerprints or palmprints may be taken, and a note may be made of any distinguishing features, such as tattoos.
The identification procedure may be ordered by a court, by the public prosecutor, or by the police. It is generally carried out by the police.
The identification procedure may be carried out under compulsion, which means the police can restrain you and straighten your arms or fingers in order to take fingerprints, for example.
Can an identification procedure be carried out if it isn't necessary for present purposes (e.g. if it is obvious that I am the perpetrator)?
Identification procedures may also be carried out for the purposes of future criminal proceedings, i.e. not for purposes of the case now pending but in order to preserve your details for any other cases that may arise at a later date. There must therefore be reason to believe that you may be subject to other criminal proceedings in future.
Are body searches allowed?
A body search may be ordered to establish facts that are material to criminal proceedings.
With a simple body search by the police, your body will be investigated to establish whether there is anything hidden in any of your natural orifices. If such a search might be embarrassing to you, it will be conducted by a person of the same sex or by a doctor. Before a search, you must be informed that you may ask for a person you trust to be present and that if you have a legitimate reason for doing so you are entitled to choose the sex of the person conducting the search. You are obliged to tolerate a search, but nobody can force you to take part in it actively.
Can samples be taken of my blood, other bodily fluids or my DNA (for example hair or saliva)?
Blood and other bodily substances may be taken, for example to check for any alcohol in your blood or to compare your DNA with traces of DNA found at the scene of the crime. Such samples may be taken only by a doctor, and not by the police. When the samples are no longer required for the criminal proceedings, they must be destroyed. However, your DNA pattern may be stored in a file if there is reason to believe that proceedings for a serious crime will be brought against you in the future.
If you do not agree to a body search or a DNA test, they will have to be ordered by a court. Where there is danger in delay and the matter is consequently urgent, the order may be given by the public prosecutor or the police. Force may be used.
Identification procedures are governed by Section 81b of the Code of Criminal Procedure, body searches and blood samples are governed by Sections 81a and 81d, and DNA tests are governed by Sections 81e, 81f and 81g.
You can find details of your how to challenge such measures here.
May my home, my office, my car etc, be searched?
If you are suspected of a crime, the public prosecutor or the police may search your home and other premises, including your car, if they expect to find evidence there or if they need to arrest you.
The search generally has to be ordered by a court. Where there is danger in delay and the matter is consequently urgent, a warrant may be issued by the public prosecutor or the police.
You may be present during the search. You may also have your defence lawyer present. If a judge or prosecutor is not available to attend the search, two local government officials should be called if possible. But you may dispense with their presence. When the search is over, you must be provided on request with a document stating the reasons for the search and the offence you are accused of.
Can my property be seized?
The prosecuting authorities may secure items belonging to you if they are important as evidence. If you do not hand them over willingly, they can be seized. To seize property a court warrant must be issued. Where there is danger in delay and the matter is consequently urgent, a warrant may be issued by the public prosecutor or the police. You may challenge a warrant in court at any time, even after the search has been carried out.
If any items are secured or seized during a search, you are entitled to an inventory if you ask for one.
Can my driving licence be seized?
Your licence can be suspended provisionally by a court if there are compelling reasons to suppose that the court will withdraw it in a subsequent judgment on a traffic offence. This usually applies if you have committed a traffic offence which has shown that you are unsuitable to drive a vehicle. The provisional suspension of your licence is confirmation by the court of any earlier seizure of the licence. The police or the public prosecutor can seize your licence where delay would be dangerous and there are urgent reasons for withdrawing your right to drive.
Is wiretapping allowed?
Any communications (e.g. by phone) and conversations you have in your home may be monitored and recorded, subject to strict legal conditions; however, there has to be suspicion of a serious or very serious crime. Both measures require a court warrant. Where there is danger in delay and the matter is consequently urgent, such measures may also be ordered by the public prosecutor. You must be informed of the measures retrospectively.
Search and seizure are governed by Sections 102 ff. and 94 ff. of the Code of Criminal Procedure, provisional suspension of a driving license (seizure of a driving license) is governed by Section 111a, and wiretapping is governed by Sections 100a ff.
The public prosecutor or the police may arrest you provisionally if you are stopped at the scene of a crime or pursued from the scene of the crime and are suspecting of trying to escape. The public prosecutor or the police may also arrest you provisionally if there is danger in delay and the matter is consequently urgent, provided the conditions for issuing an arrest warrant are met. This is so if there are compelling reasons to suspect you of a crime and there are specific grounds for arrest. At the time you are arrested a warrant may already have been issued or ay still have to be issued by a judge on application by the public prosecutor.
Arrest may also be ordered if particular investigative measures, such as questioning or a body search, have to be carried out forcibly.
Will I be told why I have been arrested?
You will always be told the reason why you are being arrested. If a warrant has been issued, a copy must be given to you when you are arrested.
How long can I be held?
If you are detained under an arrest warrant which has already been issued or which has still to be applied for, your detention is subject to these time limits.
If you have been arrested in order to allow investigative measures to be carried out forcibly, they must be carried out immediately, and you must be released when they are complete. The time necessary depends on the circumstances. In such cases you may not in any event be detained for longer than the end of the day following the day of your arrest.
If you are arrested and it subsequently emerges that you are already under a custodial sentence which you have not yet served, you may be put in penal custody following your arrest.
Can I contact anyone?
When you are arrested you have the right to ask for a defence lawyer chosen by yourself at any time. You can inform a family member or someone you trust if this does not jeopardise the purpose of the investigation. You can also ask for your own country's consulate to be informed.
Can I get a doctor if I need one?
You can ask to be examined by a doctor of your choice.
What is a European arrest warrant, and how can I contest one?
The purpose of a European arrest warrant is to order the arrest and handing over of a person who is wanted in the EU for prosecution or to serve a prison term or other custodial sentence. If you are subject to a European arrest warrant, you can be arrested in any Member State and removed to the Member State that issued the warrant.
If you are held in Germany under a European arrest warrant, you will first be questioned in the nearest local court (Amtsgericht) to establish your particulars and hear whether you have any objection to make to your extradition. The decision on any objections will be taken by the higher regional court (Oberlandsgericht).
You are entitled to legal representation at every stage of the procedure.
If you agree to extradition, you will be extradited immediately (the 'simplified extradition procedure'). You will be advised that you may waive the 'speciality rule'. If you do this, you may be prosecuted in the country issuing the warrant in other proceedings that are not the subject of the warrant. Your agreement to simplified extradition or to the waiver of the speciality rule is irrevocable.
If you do not agree, the higher regional court will rule on the validity of the extradition within 60 days. There is no appeal against the court's decision.
For further information, see here and here.
When must I be informed of the arrest warrant?
If you have been detained under an arrest warrant, it must be given to you upon your arrest. If you have been arrested provisionally, you will have to appear before a court no later than the day after the arrest. If the court then issues an arrest warrant, it will inform you accordingly. If the court does not issue an arrest warrant, you will be released.
When can I be held in custody before my trial?
You can be held in custody if there are compelling reasons to suspect you and one of the grounds for arrest is present. These grounds include very serious crime, efforts to abscond, the danger that you might abscond, the danger of a repeat offence, or the danger that you might impede investigation of the offence, for instance by destroying evidence or influencing witnesses. You may be considered likely to abscond if you have no fixed abode, no permanent job and no close social attachments.
What can I do to contest a warrant for pre‑trial custody?
You can challenge a warrant for pre‑trial custody before the next higher court. You can also apply for a review of the warrant by the court that issued it. But if you apply for a review by the same court you cannot also challenge the warrant in the higher court.
How long can I be held in pre‑trial custody?
You can be held until the end of the criminal proceedings. You may be released earlier if the arrest warrant is withdrawn or your arrest is suspended. A suspension of your arrest may be conditional: for example, you may have to deposit a sum of money in bail, or you may be required to report regularly to the police.
You may be held in pre-trial custody for more than six months only in specified circumstances (e.g. if the investigation is especially difficult or unusually wide‑ranging, or there are other important reasons), which must be examined by the public prosecutor or by the court even on their own initiative
What will I be told on my arrest?
When you are arrested you will have to be told, in a language you understand, that you
will appear before court immediately, or no more than one day after your arrest;
are entitled to express your view of the accusation, or to remain silent;
are entitled to ask for evidence in your favour to be considered, and to remain silent otherwise;
may consult a lawyer of your choice at any time, even before you are formally questioned;
are entitled to ask to be examined by a doctor of your choice; and
may inform a relative or another person you trust, provided this does not jeopardise the purpose of the investigation.
You must be told that you may request interpreting services free of charge, and that you may inform the consulate of your country, which is entitled to correspond with you. When you are formally questioned you must be told of any incriminating circumstances. You must be allowed to rebut the reasons for suspicion and for your arrest and to draw attention to any circumstances in your favour. Finally, you must be informed of your right to challenge your arrest in the same or a higher court.
Can I receive visitors, get mail, wear my own clothes, etc., when in custody?
Generally you are allowed to receive mail while in pre-trial custody. However, you may be subject to certain restrictions. For example, you may be required to ask permission to receive visits and to use telecommunications. There may be a requirement that telecommunications and any mail or parcels you receive be monitored, or that you must ask permission to receive items during visits. You can challenge any of these restrictions. On the other hand, there are generally no restrictions on spoken or written communication with your defence lawyer. The rules on pre-trial custody can differ from one Land to another.
If the investigation reveals sufficient grounds for you to be charged, the public prosecutor will submit an indictment setting out the charge (Anklage) or apply for a summary order (Strafbefehl) from the appropriate court. Otherwise the prosecutor will discontinue the proceedings. In the indictment the public prosecutor summarises what you are accused of, what laws you have broken, and what the evidence is.
What does it mean if the court sends me an indictment?
At the intermediate stage the court has to consider whether the case should go to the main proceedings stage, i.e. to trial. It will first give you a copy of the indictment. It will also ask you to declare by a certain time if there is other evidence in your favour that needs to be considered, and whether you have any objection to the opening of the main proceedings.
In expedited proceedings the charge is treated differently, see here.
What can I do if I cannot understand the charge because I don't speak German?
If you are charged in a language you do not understand, you can request to have it translated, at no expense to you, and served on you again.
What can I do if I believe the charges to be wrong?
The court will give you a certain amount of time to state the grounds on which you believe the charge to be untrue. You can also apply for evidence to be considered which you think will be to your advantage.
Can the court dismiss the charge?
If the court believes that you will probably not be sentenced on the basis of the indictment, for example if it believes there is insufficient evidence, it will not allow the case to go to trial. The public prosecutor may immediately appeal against this decision.
Can the indictment be changed before the trial stage?
The public prosecutor may withdraw or amend the indictment at any time before the court allows the case to go to trial. The prosecutor may in any event bring forward new evidence at any time during the criminal proceedings.
Can I be charged for a crime for which I have already been charged in another Member State?
Being charged in another Member State does not prevent you from being charged in Germany. But if you have already been convicted for the same offence you will not be prosecuted again.
Will I be informed of the witnesses and evidence against me?
In the indictment the public prosecutor will list the evidence in support of the charge. Your defence lawyer will be able to view the file no later than at the end of the investigation and before the charge is brought against you. You yourself are entitled to information from the file and copies of individual documents.
4 – My rights in court
The public prosecutor will forward the indictment to the court, which will decide in intermediate proceedings whether or not to proceed to the main proceedings stage, i.e. to a trial.
If the court allows the indictment to go to trial, the main proceedings begin with a court hearing. Court hearings may take place on one day or over several days. The indictment may also be dealt with in expedited proceedings governed by separate rules.
How will the trial proceed?
First of all, the court will determine who is present: the public prosecutor, you and your defence lawyer (if any), and witnesses. The witnesses will then be asked to wait outside the courtroom.
You will be asked to give your personal particulars. You must give your name, address, place of birth, marital status and occupation. You do not need to say how much you earn.
The charge will then be read out.
You will be able to state your view on the accusations made. You do not have to say anything: you may remain silent. The court may not draw any inference against you from your silence. After that the evidence will be produced, i.e. witnesses questioned, expert witnesses heard and/or documents read out.
The public prosecutor and your defence lawyer (if any) will then give their assessments of the evidence and propose that you be convicted or acquitted.
You will have the last word.
The court will then give judgment and state the grounds on which its judgment is based.
Where will the trial take place?
The trial will be held in the place where the public prosecutor brought the charge; there are specific rules governing this aspect. Often the trial takes place in the court with jurisdiction for the area where the offence was committed.
Whether the proceedings will be conducted in the local court (Amtsgericht), the regional court (Landgericht) or the higher regional court (Oberlandesgericht) depends on the likely penalty for the offence. If a fine or a term of imprisonment of no more than two years can be expected, the case will be heard by a single judge sitting in the local court. If a sentence of two to four years' imprisonment is expected, the case will be heard in the local court before three judges, consisting of one professional judge and two non‑professional judges (Schöffen). If a sentence of more than four years' imprisonment is expected, the case will be heard in the regional court, before two or three professional judges and two non‑professional judges. Matters of national security are heard by the higher regional court, consisting of three professional judges.
Will the trial be public?
The trial is public. The public will be excluded only in exceptional circumstances, e.g. in order to protect witnesses.
Can the charges be changed during the trial?
Minor changes can be made to the charges on the instructions of the court. Supplementary charges may be brought during the trial. But supplementary charges will be considered only if you and the court agree.
What happens if I plead guilty to some or all of the charges in the course of the trial?
An admission will not end the proceedings. However, the court may decide not to hear some of the evidence if it regards your admission as reliable, for example because it is corroborated by evidence already heard. If you admit any of the charges the court may reduce the sentence. In some cases your admission may form part of a plea bargain. A plea bargain relates to the sentence, and not to the verdict of guilty or not guilty.
What are my rights during the trial?
You are required to attend the trial. If you have not been excused from attending and nevertheless fail to appear, the trial will be stayed, and a warrant may be issued for your arrest. Proceedings for a summary order are an exception to this rule.
If you cannot speak the language well enough, the court will provide an interpreter to translate all important steps taken and statements made during the trial.
You can appoint a lawyer to defend you. In some cases you must have a defence lawyer. If you do not choose a lawyer, the court will designate a court-appointed defence lawyer.
Can I challenge the evidence presented against me?
When evidence is brought against you, you can express your opinion of it. You can dispute any evidence which you believe has been improperly brought against you.
You can also apply for further evidence to be brought. You can gather your own evidence, but you will not enjoy the same powers as the police. For example, you cannot intercept telephone calls and produce the recordings n evidence.
You may ask witnesses to appear and say what they know, and you may bring them to the court. Bear in mind, however, that witnesses are under an obligation to tell the court the truth.
Witnesses are questioned first by the judge or judges and then by the public prosecutor. You and your lawyer may question them after that.
As a rule, an extract from the register showing your criminal record, clean or otherwise, will be read out. If you have already been convicted of a crime similar to the one at issue in the present proceedings, the previous judgment may also be read out. The criminal register does not show previous convictions in other Member States. However, if the court learns of previous convictions in some other way it may take them into account.
What happens at the end of the trial?
The trial ends with a judgment, or the proceedings may be discontinued.
In the majority of cases trials end with a judgment. The court may find you guilty or acquit you, depending on the evidence. The judgment may impose a fine or a term of imprisonment. In particular circumstances provided for by law, the court may order a measure such as placement in a psychiatric hospital or a drug rehabilitation centre, or preventive detention. Withdrawal of your driving licence is another possible measure of this kind. A driving ban may be imposed as a supplementary penalty.
A fine is measured in terms of a certain number of daily quotas (Tagessätze, e.g. 50 daily quotas of €15). The daily quota is always one-thirtieth of your monthly income. You can also work to discharge a fine. If you do not pay the fine, and do not work off the fine, you will be imprisoned for one day per daily quota. If the fine is no more than 180 daily quotas, it may be suspended. That means you will be given a warning, and will have to pay the fine only if you offend again after sentencing, or otherwise breach any orders made by the court.
Prison sentences of up to two years can also be suspended. If you fail to meet the probation conditions, the sentence can be enforced.
Other measures and additional penalties can be attached to the sentence.
What is the role of the victim during the trial?
In the majority of cases the victim is an important witness, and will be heard in that capacity.
Victims of certain crimes may also take an active part in the trial if they are entitled to join their own civil action to the public criminal action. Victims may then themselves ask questions or apply for evidence to be considered, and may be represented by a lawyer who will do this on their behalf. At the end of the trial the victim or the victim's lawyer may make closing submissions recommending a particular sentence.
The main proceedings are governed by the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Organisation of the Courts Act.
5 – My rights after the trial
If the court convicts you, you may appeal against the sentence. If you are acquitted you have no right of appeal, even if you do not agree with the grounds for your acquittal. The court must inform you of the options open to you.
There are two kinds of appeal against a judgment of a local court (Amtsgericht): a full appeal (Berufung), on questions of fact and of law, and an application for review (Revision), which is an appeal on points of law only. Against the judgment of a regional court (Landgericht) only the second of these is available.
Can I appeal the judgment?
As soon as the judgment is announced, you or your lawyer may state on the record that you are appealing. You can also appeal up to one week after the judgment. You can either appeal in writing or make a formal statement to the court office to say that you are appealing. You can appeal even if the judgment was preceded by a plea bargain.
You can appeal either against the conviction itself or against the level of the penalty.
If you enter a full appeal on questions of fact and law, you need not necessarily state your grounds.
If you apply for a review on points of law only, you must provide a statement of your grounds within one month of the date on which you are informed of the grounds of the judgment. To do this you will need a lawyer, because you are not entitled to submit such a statement of grounds without professional assistance.
What happens if I appeal?
If you appeal against the judgment it is not enforceable for the time being. This means that for the time being you do not have to pay the fine or serve the sentence imposed. If you are in pre‑trial custody, however, you will not be released. You can be released only if the court withdraws or suspends the pre‑trial arrest warrant.
There are no time limits within which your appeal must be decided. However, there is a general requirement that criminal proceedings must be completed as rapidly as possible.
On a full appeal a fresh trial takes place before the regional court. The court itself decides what evidence it considers material. It may look at the same evidence as the first court. But it may also consider other evidence. You yourself may also apply to have new evidence considered.
On an application for review no new evidence is produced. The court considers only whether there were any legal defects in the earlier judgment and the proceedings that led to it.
What happens at the appeal hearing?
In a full appeal before the regional court the hearing follows the same pattern as the hearing in the local court. The court delivers its own judgment. The procedure is different only if you confine your appeal to the level of the sentence. In that case the court will hear only evidence relevant to the level of the penalty, for example regarding your motives and personal circumstances.
In an application for review, judgment can be delivered without oral proceedings.
What happens if the appeal is successful/unsuccessful?
If you have brought a full appeal, and your action succeeds, you will be acquitted or your sentence will be reduced. If you are not acquitted, you can apply for a review of the appeal judgment.
If you have brought an application for review of the first judgment, and your action succeeds, there are two possibilities. Under certain circumstances the court carrying out the review may decide the case itself, and may for example acquit you. But in some cases the court carrying out the review must quash the earlier judgment and send the case back to the lower court.
A judgment that has been quashed is not entered in the criminal register.
A judgment is final if no appeal is entered within the time allowed, by any of the parties, that is to say by you, by the public prosecutor, or by any other party who has been allowed to join their own civil action to the public criminal proceedings.
I am from another Member State. Can I be sent back there after the trial?
As a citizen of the EU you can be expelled and deported from Germany only in strictly defined circumstances. The details are set out in the Free Movement of EU Citizens Act. If you are concerned that you might be deported, you can consult a lawyer.
If I have been convicted, can I be prosecuted again for the same offence?
In principle you cannot be convicted twice for the same offence. But whether a conviction does in fact relate to the same offence is a question that can involve fine legal distinctions.
6 – Traffic offences
How are traffic offences dealt with?
Minor traffic offences, such as speeding, are dealt with administratively. They are not considered criminal offences (Straftaten), but only misdemeanours (Ordnungswidrigkeiten). But serious traffic offences, especially offences where other road users are endangered or injured, do usually constitute criminal offences.
Minor traffic offences are investigated by the administrative authorities. During the proceedings you can present your views in writing. For very minor offences (e.g. parking offences), you will be cautioned and offered the chance to pay a cautionary penalty (Verwarnungsgeld) of up to €35. If you pay, that will be the end of the matter; if you do not, and the administrative authorities believe you are to blame, they can issue a fining order (Bußgeldbescheid) requiring you to pay a fine (Bußgeld). Such an order may also impose a driving ban. The amount of the fine and the length of the ban are set out in a catalogue of penalties .
You may enter an objection (Einspruch) to a fining order. The public prosecutor will refer the case to court. In principle there should then be a trial, on the lines described in factsheet 4. But if the court does not consider a full trial necessary, and you and the public prosecutor agree, it may decide the matter in a court order (Beschluss). You can challenge a judgment or order in such proceedings by bringing a complaint on a point of law (Rechtsbeschwerde) in the higher regional court (Oberlandsgericht). But this form of appeal is available only in certain circumstances, such as where you have been fined more than €250, or where the case would help to clarify the law.
Are citizens of other Member States prosecuted for such offences? If so, how?
Citizens of other Member States are also prosecuted for such offences. If you commit a driving offence, a cautionary penalty or a security payment may be required on the spot. Any such security payment will be offset against the fine determined at the end of the proceedings. If you are not stopped at the time of the offence, you may be prosecuted if your country shares vehicle identification data with Germany. Germany expects to join the EU-wide system for the enforcement of fines in autumn 2010. Fines imposed in Germany will then be enforceable in your home country.
Will these offences appear on my criminal record?
Minor traffic offences are not recorded in the Federal Central Criminal Register, but in a separate Central Register of Traffic Offenders. This contains particulars of persons committing traffic offences in Germany, whether their licence is German or foreign. Offences are recorded if the fine imposed amounts to €40 or more. Depending on the seriousness of the offence, a certain number of penalty points is also recorded. German drivers lose their driving licence if they get 18 points or more, while foreign drivers lose the right to drive in Germany.
Traffic offences and the relevant procedures are governed by the Road Traffic Act, the Highway Code and the Misdemeanours Act.
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A stochastic programming model to perform a production smoothing function for the case of a normally distributed consumer demand with known mean and variance is presented in this paper.
Manning, Gerald B., "An empirical study of the predictive utility of an exponential progress function" (1965). Theses and Dissertations. 3382.


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Chair's blog - 2018 April II
Into the New Track
We are now fully up and running at the London Marathon Community Track (LMCT) at Stratford for our training sessions. So far everything seems to have gone well and athletes seem to like the facility. There is a feedback e-mail (nebacfeedback@gmail.com) which anyone can use to tell us of any problems and areas where we can improve. In September the new school will open next to the track – the Bobby Moore Academy named after England's World Cup winning captain from 1966. We look forward to working with the pupils and staff when that happens.
One practical effect of the school opening will be the track's own car park will become available for us to use at that time.
Just to mention a couple of upcoming events. First we are promoting an outdoor 100m event at Terence McMillan Stadium on Sunday 6th May. Competitors get 2 races and we will be setting therace direction to have wind-behind if that is possible. So fast track, electronic times and no headwind – get signed up – here is the link (https://entry4sports.co.uk/entries/show-entries).
Coral Nourrice will be promoting another Open Meeting at McMillan on 24th June – details to follow.
We are also re-starting the Beagles Academy for younger athletes. Final details are being worked out. But it too will start around the beginning of May. We will post details on the website and our social media hopefully in the next week.
The club needs to build up its own base of Officials. We had hoped to run another Open Meeting in May but there are not enough Officials and Volunteers available. We will pay for members to get qualified as Officials and Coaches. The latest list of courses I shown here (https://www.englandathletics.org/Courses-and-Bookings). Let us know if you wish to sign up.
West Ham Looking Good
So pleased to see that West Ham United are pulling away from the Premiership relegation zone. This has been a really tough season for them and their manager David Moyes as they have had to deal with pressures on and off the field. We deal with the WHU Foundation which does lots of good work in the community through its MD Joe Lyons and the local Activator Darryl Gheerawo who is also running the Newham Network to which we both and some other local sports bodies belong. On a practical note they are up for an award for a Walking Football project. This is the link to the voting page (https://www.thepeoplesprojects.org.uk/projects/view/walking-football). If you want to support our Network partner have a look at this and vote for them.
The main stadium is staging three sets of concerts in the coming few months. There will be some days when we will move training to the McMillan Stadium because they will need the LMCT to house back-up equipment for the concerts. We will let you know these in good time. The concerts are as follows:
Rolling Stones 22 and 25 May
Jay-Z and Beyonce 15 and 16 June
Foo Fighters 22 and 23 June
at April 21, 2018 4 comments:
Chair's blog April 2018
This week we will be moving training to the London Marathon Community Track at Stratford starting on Wednesday. This is a move we agreed to back in 2010 and over the eight years since then a lot has happened. Most obviously the main London Stadium has hosted the 2012 Olympic and
Paralympic Games and the 2017 World and IPC Championships. The other most significant event has
been the move of West Ham United to occupy the main stadium.
The track we are moving into is not the original warm-up track for 2012. That was removed because
it was located on land that is scheduled for use by Cross-Rail. This track was put in place as a warm-
up track for the 2017 Games and to act as warm-up when the main stadium is used for staging
events like the Muller Games in coming years.
More important the way the whole stadium including the LMCT is managed has changed and this
has given rise to some problems with our move across. The complex is owned by a company called
E20 which was originally a partnership between the London Borough of Newham and the London
Legacy Development Corporation (LLDC) a company run by the Greater London Authority (GLA).
But it is managed for E20 by a separate company called LS185 which is part of a global French
corporation. Around the end of last year Newham decided to pull out of the ownership company. So
the complex is now owned effectively by the GLA.
From our point of view we have always dealt with London Borough of Newham through Active
Newham over many years. We are now having to deal with them for our operations at the McMillan
Stadium and with LS185 at the new track LMCT.
This has made the situation very difficult to manage especially as we are a volunteer-based
organisation and do not always have time and resources to devote to what is actually a difficult
negotiation. As I write we are still trying to finalise the terms of our occupation of the LMCT. We are
also still to agree terms for the continuing use of the Indoor facilities at McMillan Stadium during
winter months.
The management at LMCT has been helpful but there are still areas of work to be completed. The
track itself is open and has been used by training groups and for development work over the winter.
But the club Executive Management Committee (EMC) decided around November to delay full scale
transfer of training because equipment like hurdles had not been delivered and because we felt that
the stadium just was not ready enough.
There is now enough equipment present for training on the track and jumps. The throwing cage and
shot putt area are still to be installed. The EMC has taken into account how many people actually
train at McMillan in these events and feel that this is not enough of an issue to stop us moving. We
are working with LS185 to get throwing facilities in place and hopefully this will not take too long.
The LMCT is an attractive facility in a location that is going to help the club increase its profile
generally. It has 6 lanes on the bends and eight in each straight. There is a clubhouse facility and a
200 seater covered stand. I expect it to end up being used for regional leagues and schools meetings
as well as our training.
The EMC hopes that members are happy at the LMCT. But we know that there are likely to be issues
as everyone gets used to new routines. Before complaining please feel free to volunteer to help the
EMC which is trying to act in your best interests.
Chairman's blog August 2018
I just wanted to mention and thank two of our most senior volunteers who are stepping down from important positions. Elyzabeth Shitta-Bey h...
This week we will be moving training to the London Marathon Community Track at Stratford starting on Wednesday. This is a move we agreed to ...
Beagles Stuff I thought you might like to hear what has been happening at the club. We are currently based at two tracks – the McMillan ...


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1500 or Nothin' to Serve as Premier Sponsor for Fourth Annual Pensado Awards
Awards show, set to take place Sunday, December 3, 2017, at L.A.'s legendary Fonda Theatre, will once again "recognize the faces behind the sound" and feature returning co-hosts Samantha Maloney and Chris Lord-Alge and new co-host Kosine from Da Internz
PR Staff ⋅ Published: October 14, 2017
Other main sponsors include The Blackbird Academy, NAMM, Avid, Westlake Pro, LANDR and Heavyocity Media. The awards will feature a who's-who of the recording community.
LOS ANGELES, CA — The Pensado Awards announces that hip-hop production collective 1500 or Nothin' will serve as the Premier Sponsor for the fourth annual Pensado Awards, set to take place on Sunday, December 3, 2017, at Los Angeles' historic Fonda Theatre, 6126 Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90028. 1500 or Nothin' is an American musical ensemble composed of record producers, songwriters, musicians and music videographers, based in Inglewood, California. Other main sponsors include The Blackbird Academy, NAMM, Avid, Westlake Pro, LANDR and Heavyocity Media.
"1500 or Nothin's commitment to innovation and education is the same as that of Pensado's Place. And the Pensado Awards honors exactly the talent that make up our own creative collective," stated Rance Dopson, CEO of 1500 or Nothin'. "Dave and Herb are our dudes, and it's an honor to partner with them in paying tribute to such deserving individuals, and to join forces to educate the next generation of audio talent."
Created by Herb Trawick and Dave Pensado of Penwick Media (the producers of Pensado's Place and other industry-leading audio-related media), the Pensado Awards, dubbed by insiders as the must-attend audio event of the year, were founded as a means of acknowledging talented music producers, engineers, mixers, songwriters and their work, serving as a grand opportunity for the best pros, amateurs, brands and press to come together as one community to celebrate the uncelebrated. Since its inception, the show has continued to gain momentum and garner attention throughout the industry and beyond.
The Fonda Theatre will provide an intimate backdrop for Pensado Awards 4, which will feature an entirely new vibe and new show format using cutting-edge technology, plus additional surprises throughout the night. This year's co-hosts are drummer Samantha Maloney (Hole, Mötley Crüe, Peaches), legendary producer, engineer and mixer Chris Lord-Alge (Pink, Foo Fighters, Avril Lavigne, Green Day) and Kosine of acclaimed production duo Da Internz (Ludacris, Nicki Minaj, John Legend).
Herb Trawick, the Co-host/Executive Producer and Creator of Pensado's Place, as well as Manager to Co-host Dave Pensado, stated, "We are very proud to be receiving support from our friends at 1500 or Nothin' for Pensado Awards 4. We are trying some new things with this year's ceremony, and we couldn't do it without our Premier and Title Sponsors. We look forward to continuing our preparations for this monumental event with our sponsor partners by our side."
The Pensado Awards are a natural outgrowth of the ethos behind Pensado's Place. In recent years, developments in music and technology have changed the landscape for producers, songwriters, engineers and musicians, encouraging artists and composers of all types to hone their craft. From the self-taught basement enthusiast to the seasoned industry producer, all manner of music professionals are discovering new methods of working and novel ways to reach fans. The science and art of music-making are in a rapid state of flux, with exciting opportunities awaiting among the talented figures in and out of the spotlight – the people who are currently engineering the next sound that will move the world in the music, film, television and digital realms. Over 100,000 albums and millions of songs are released every year, not to mention the hundreds of thousands of concerts put on worldwide, but the awards often end up in the hands of a lucky select group. So the brilliance and hard work of all those producers, songwriters, DJ's, engineers, mixers, live wizards and behind-the-scenes technicians in audio often go unnoticed. The Pensado Awards, founded as a means of acknowledging these talented individuals and their work, are a grand opportunity for the best pros, amateurs, brands and press to come together as one community to celebrate the uncelebrated.
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