text:
Juan Francisco Pazos Monasí, (Lima, 22 de julio de 1836 - ibídem, 24 de junio de 1902) abogado, periodista y político peruano. Fue diputado constituyente (1867), ministro de Hacienda y Comercio (1879), diputado por Pomabamba (1886-1889), ministro de Justicia, Instrucción, Culto y Beneficencia (1886) y diputado por Hualgayoc (1890-1893). Fundador y director del diario El Nacional.

Biografía

Hijo de Juan José Pazos Solano y Francisca Monasí. En París inició su educación, concluyéndo sus estudios de Jurisprudencia en el Convictorio de San Carlos de Lima.

Se orientó al periodismo, y, junto con Ricardo Palma y Lorenzo García editó El Liberal. Luego fue cronista del diario El Comercio (1858).

Se trasladó a Arequipa para ejercer como secretario particular del mariscal Miguel de San Román, entonces jefe militar de los departamentos del Sur. Su estancia en la ciudad blanca lo aprovechó para graduarse de bachiller en Jurisprudencia en la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín y recibirse como abogado (1862).

Estando en Arequipa, se sumó a la revolución nacionalista del coronel Mariano Ignacio Prado (1865). Fue entonces redactor del Boletín Oficial del ejército revolucionario, que acompañó al ejército revolucionario en su recorrido por el país.

Triunfante la revolución de Prado, Pazos se instaló en Lima. Apoyó la campaña contra la Escuadra Española del Pacífico. Fue redactor del diario El Perú y fundador del diario El Nacional, que dirigió de 1865 a 1871.

Fue elegido miembro del Congreso Constituyente de 1867 por la provincia de Chota durante el gobierno de Mariano Ignacio Prado. Este congreso expidió la Constitución Política de 1867, la octava que rigió en el país, y que sólo tuvo una vigencia de cinco meses desde agosto de 1867 a enero de 1868.

En 1868 se graduó de doctor en Jurisprudencia en la Universidad de San Marcos, y se consagró a la abogacía. Inicialmente militó en el Partido Civil, pero se alejó del mismo y fue uno de los fundadores del Partido Nacional (1877). En la Universidad de San Marcos tuvo a su cargo la cátedra de Derecho Internacional.

Volvió a la política en plena Guerra del Pacífico, cuando fue convocado para ocupar el cargo de ministro de Hacienda y Comercio, que ejerció efímeramente de septiembre a octubre de 1879, durante el gobierno interino del general Luis La Puerta (el presidente Mariano Ignacio Prado se hallaba entonces en el Sur como Director de Guerra).  Renunció por desacuerdos con el parlamento.

En 1884 integró la junta directiva del naciente Partido Liberal, junto con José María Químper, el general José Miguel Medina, Pedro Manuel Rodríguez, Dionisio Derteano, Carlos Lissón, Camilo Carrillo y Luis Felipe Villarán. Partido que, aliado con antiguos civilistas, y contrario al pierolismo, apoyó al Partido Constitucional, que lanzó la candidatura del general Andrés A. Cáceres a la presidencia en 1886.

Iniciada la Reconstrucción Nacional, fue elegido diputado por la provincia de Pomabamba (1886-1889) y al inaugurarse el primer gobierno del general Andrés A. Cáceres fue nombrado ministro de Justicia e Instrucción, cargo que ejerció entre junio y octubre de 1886.

Nuevamente fue elegido diputado, esta vez representando a la provincia de Hualgayoc (1889-1894).  Formó parte del Consejo Gubernativo, creado en 1896 para asesorar al presidente en diversos temas. Este consejo estaba integrado por personalidades destacadas, como Manuel Pablo Olaechea, Alejandro Arenas, Manuel Candamo, Luis Carranza, Enrique de la Riva Agüero, Luis Felipe Villarán, Manuel Santos Pasapera, Isaac Alzamora, Francisco García Calderón, entre otros.

Véase también
 Reconstrucción Nacional

Referencias

Bibliografía

Nacidos en Lima
Fallecidos en Lima
Abogados de Perú
Alumnado de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín
Alumnado de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Carolinos de Lima
Diputados de Perú 1886-1889
Diputados por Ancash
Diputados constituyentes de Perú (1867)
Diputados de Perú 1889-1891
Diputados de Perú 1892-1894
Diputados por Cajamarca
Ministros de Justicia, Instrucción, Culto y Beneficencia de Perú
Ministros de Hacienda y Comercio de Perú
Periodistas de Perú
Sanmarquinos (siglo XIX)


text:
import { DataHandle, DataSink, DataSource, QuickDataSource } from "@azure-tools/datastore";
import { AutorestContext } from "../context";

export type PipelinePlugin = (config: AutorestContext, input: DataSource, sink: DataSink) => Promise<DataSource>;

/** @internal */
export function createPerFilePlugin(
  processorBuilder: (config: AutorestContext) => Promise<(input: DataHandle, sink: DataSink) => Promise<DataHandle>>,
): PipelinePlugin {
  return async (context, input, sink) => {
    const processor = await processorBuilder(context);
    const files = await input.enum();
    const result: Array<DataHandle> = [];
    for (const file of files) {
      const fileIn = await input.readStrict(file);
      // try {
      // only keep/process files that actually have content in them (ie, no empty objects, no {directive:[]} files ).
      const pluginInput = await fileIn.readObject<any>();
      const keysLength = Object.keys(pluginInput).length;
      const isEmptyDirective = keysLength === 1 && pluginInput.directive;
      if (keysLength === 0 || !isEmptyDirective) {
        result.push(await processor(fileIn, sink));
      } else {
        context.debug(`Not running per file plugin on file "${file}" as it is empty.`);
      }
      // } catch {
      // not an object anyway
      // Remove this?
      // result.push(await processor(fileIn, sink));
      // }
    }
    return new QuickDataSource(result, input.pipeState);
  };
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Everton suffer Sasa Lukic transfer setback
3 minute read 2/12/2022 | 05:35pm
Everton have been dealt a fresh blow in their pursuit of a highly-rated European star…
Reports in Italy have linked the Toffees with a move for the Serbia international in recent weeks and now journalist Pete O'Rourke has delivered a worrying claim on the matter to Football FanCast.
"The only problem for Everton right now is probably the transfer fee, I think it might be out of their reach for January for Lukic," he said.
"I don't think Torino will be willing to sell for anything less than £30m and I don't think Everton could go to that right now."
Lampard could save Everton millions by promoting "very talented" 49-goal rising star - opinion
Lampard could land DCL 2.0 in January with Everton swoop for "intelligent" £33m brute - opinion
Better than Maupay: Lampard could solve Everton's biggest problem with £17m "handful" - opinion
Lampard will be gutted
Despite a summer overhaul which saw the midfield revamped, it still seems like something is missing in that position.
Whilst Idrissa Gana Gueye returned, it is clear that time has crept up on the Senegalese stalwart, and with Amadou Onana it seems like his best role is still unidentified.
Therefore, to have brought in this Serbian whose position is so clearly defined would have surely stabilised the Merseyside outfit who seem in freefall.
The 26-year-old has often operated on the left of a midfield three but can sit deeper to dictate the play. This seems to be what he is most comfortable with, having overseen a variety of roles across numerous managers at the Turin club.
Although he has suffered during his side's World Cup campaign, in the Serie A this season he is thriving.
Boasting a 6.95 average rating, he is maintaining an 89% pass accuracy whilst also averaging one key passe and 1.4 tackles per game, via Sofascore.
1. Starting off, can you guess the career path of this former Everton star?
Joseph Yobo
These statistics paint the picture of a combative deep-lying playmaker who can play that killer pass which the Toffees' current midfield lacks.
One particular display back in 2020 led journalist Josh Bunting to describe him as "outstanding protecting the back three", and given how Frank Lampard often seems intent on that being his favoured system, it could have seen them move one step closer to it.
For this reason, and the general lack of stability surrounding his midfield, the 44-year-old will be frustrated that his side are likely to be priced out of a move.
With other clubs reportedly sniffing around too, it might be a step too far for Everton to complete this deal.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Research @ KICP
CAPMAP
CMBPol
SNfactory
SDSS SS
Projects Archive: Greenland Neutrino Observatory, GNO
The Greenland Neutrino Observatory (GNO) is a next-generation radio detector for ultra-high energy neutrinos. Neutrinos travel virtually unimpeded through the universe, making them unique messenger particles for cosmic sources and carrying information about very distant sources that would otherwise be unavailable. The observation of ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos (E >1018eV) would also allow a measurement of weak interaction couplings at center of mass energies well beyond that of the LHC and reveal the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays.
We are planning to deploy a new array of radio detectors for UHE neutrinos near the surface of the ice at Summit Station in Greenland, a year-round NSF station that sits atop 3 km of ice at the height of the Greenland plateau. The full array will have the sensitivity required to discover neutrinos produced through the so-called GZK process (the interaction of the highest energy cosmic rays with cosmic microwave background photons) even in the most pessimistic of models and will detect ∼10 events per year at the high-energy portion (E >10^15eV) of the observed IceCube astrophysical neutrino spectrum with sub-degree pointing resolution. We will deploy our first module in the summer of 2014.
The University of Chicago is leading this effort of 5 collaborating institutions.
Faculty/Senior Members
Abigail G. Vieregg
Keith Bechtol


text:
Lusiola Primary School
Project Type: Rainwater Catchment
Regional Program: Western Kenya WaSH Program
Western Kenya WaSH Program
The Water Project's WaSH program in Western Kenya aims to access, protect, filter, and purify the abundant waters that are available through two seasonal rains, prevalent springs, high water tables, and deep aquifers in the region. Explore water projects in communities, schools, and churches in Western Kenya such as protected springs, rainwater catchment systems, and water wells. This program emphasizes the power of strategic geographical saturation of projects, effective hygiene and sanitation training, and relational networking between NGOs, health workers, local politicians, and educators.
Project Phase: In Service - Nov 2018
Rainwater Catchment
Rainwater is collected off strategic areas of a roof, enters a custom guttering system (which filters out debris) and leads to a storage tank. Tanks can vary in sizes and are determined by population and average rainfall patterns. Water can be stored for months, is easily treated in the tank, and is accessible through taps. These projects are implemented at schools with proper roof lines and gutter systems to make them successful.
Permanent handwashing stations encourage permanent handwashing habits.
Handwashing with soap at critical times reduces diarrheal disease by more than 40%. All of our projects include hygiene and sanitation training, which (among many things) empowers communities to build their own handwashing stations. When we work at schools, we install permanent handwashing stations and work with the school to make sure they are constantly supplied with soap.
Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) Latrines
Toilets designed to limit smell & flies encourage proper, safe and secure bathroom use.
Proper hygiene and sanitation facilities go hand-in-hand with access to clean, reliable water. Two major challenges with sanitation facilities are flies and smell.
A VIP latrine is a pit latrine containing a vent pipe fitted to the pit and a screen at the pipe opening. The vent pipe carries smell outside and screens keep flies out/in.
Report Submitted by Jemmimah Khasoha, Community Engagement Officer
Jemmimah is a passionate professional who works to see those most marginalized in her society gain access to clean, safe water. She is using what she learned for her bachelor's degree to carry out accurate monitoring and evaluation of community and school projects. She wants to ensure the sustainability of these water, sanitation, and hygiene projects so that they serve generations to come.
Jemmimah has been a Community Engagement Officer since 2016, with WeWaSaFo, The Water Project's trusted partner in our Western Kenya WaSH Program.
Report Submitted by
Jemmimah Khasoha, Community Engagement Officer
Lusiola Primary School was started in 1943. The school has a total of 579 pupils of which 292 are boys and 283 are girls. There's also an early education department that hosts 120 students, 75 boys and 45 girls. The school employs 18 teachers and two support staff.
(Editor's Note: While this many people may have access on any given day, realistically a single water source can only support a population of 350-500 people. To learn more about how we determine the number of people served, click here.)
The school doesn't have a source of water. Instead, students have to go out into the surrounding community to find what they need. Most often, students go to a protected spring that is not too far from the school. They're required to have a full container of water each morning when they enter the school gate.
Not all students are stopping by the protected spring to get safe water, though; many fill their containers at the most convenient but dirtiest spots along the walk to school. The school reports that there are always cases of waterborne illnesses such as typhoid.
The school has a total of 12 latrines split between the genders. The 12 latrines are in poor condition, not to mention they're just not enough for the large number of students relying on them. The headteacher commented that there are very long lines during class breaks, with wait times that actually cut into the next class.
Some of the doors don't even lock, so peers have to guard each other while the latrine is in use. Because of these poor conditions, it's not unheard of for a student to seek privacy elsewhere. There's nowhere to clean up before returning to class, either.
Here's what we're going to do about it:
Training will be held for two days. The facilitator will use PHAST (participatory hygiene and sanitation transformation), ABCD (asset-based community development), CTC (child to child), lectures, group discussions, and handouts to teach health topics and ways to promote good practices within the school. The CTC method will prepare students to lead other students into healthy habits, as well as kickstart a CTC club for the school.
This CTC club will oversee the new facilities, such as handwashing stations, and make sure they are kept clean and in working condition. The two handwashing stations will be delivered to the school, and the club will fill them with water on a daily basis and make sure there is always a cleaning agent such as soap or ash.
VIP Latrines
Two triple-door latrines will be constructed with local materials that the school will help gather. And with a new source of water on school grounds, students and staff should have enough to keep these new latrines clean.
Rainwater Catchment Tank
A 50,000-liter rainwater catchment tank will help alleviate the water crisis at this school. The school will also help gather the needed materials such as sand, rocks, and water from the spring for mixing cement. Once finished, this tank can begin catching rainfall that will be used by the school's students and staff.
We and the school strongly believe that with this assistance, standards will significantly improve. These higher standards will translate to better academic performance!
10/02/2019: Giving Update: Lusiola Primary School
A year ago, your generous donation helped Lusiola Primary School in Kenya access clean water.
There's an incredible community of monthly donors who have come alongside you in supporting clean water at Lusiola Primary School. Month after month, their giving supports ongoing sustainability programs that help this school maintain access to safe, reliable water. Read more…
11/15/2018: Lusiola Primary School Project Complete
A new rainwater catchment system was built! Lusiola Primary School in Kenya now has a new source of safe, clean water thanks to your support. Handwashing stations were installed so that students can clean up after using their new latrines, and students and staff have received training in sanitation and hygiene.
New Knowledge
Hygiene and sanitation training was planned before the school got out for three weeks. The field officer collaborated with the headteacher to ensure a good student attendance. The 22 participants were easy to teach and the students were very attentive. Since it was school break, classrooms were closed and desks were locked in one room. So, the students got benches and chairs from the adjacent church and brought them out under the shade of trees in the school's meeting grounds.
The school needed to be equipped with knowledge on how to improve standards of hygiene and to also ensure that the sanitation facilities given to them are maintained to serve the school for years to come. Some of the topics covered include water pollution, personal and environmental hygiene, operations and maintenance of the facilities, group dynamics, leadership, and governance. The group activities equipped the new student-led health club to promote hygiene and sanitation awareness at their school.
The topic that was special for the learners was dental hygiene. The learners were shocked to hear that they should visit a dentist twice a year for a cleaning.
Kelly Bruce, one of the students, wanted to know why we should visit twice a year even though we had just taught them the correct way to brush teeth. The facilitator explained that it is advisable because we don't always do the best job cleaning our teeth and it is good to check for early signs of decay or other issues.
Prevention is better than cure!
Kelly was very much overwhelmed with the training.
"I have been taught life skills that are very important. I wish you could have reached us the first days we knew how to read, write, and understand," said Kelly.
He said that he would be sure to share these health messages with at least five of his friends.
Pupils can now enjoy washing their hands with soap thanks to the two handwashing stations that were delivered to their school. These new handwashing opportunities will help reduce cases of hygiene-related illness. The training on hygiene has motivated these students to share what they've learned with their peers at school and families at home.
This project funded the installation of six new ventilated improved pit latrines. All of these new latrines have cement floors that are easy to use and clean. And with a rainwater catchment tank, there should be enough water to keep them clean all the time.
Construction for this 50,000-liter rainwater catchment tank was successful!
The PTA chairman was available to help at all times and set an amazing example for everyone involved. He did not look at the position he holds in the school as something to flaunt but instead worked humbly beside the artisans. He said he has seen many people do work in different areas but has never come across people who work with so much passion and discipline.
Delivering jerrycans of water so the artisans can mix cement.
"We are very grateful for your show of mercy and love towards our school. I personally had been worrying about our pupils who needed to go to the spring to fetch water for use in school. Our academics had been going down because of the time wasted to get enough water in the school by the pupils," remembered Deputy Headteacher Ruth Aswani.
"Indeed we are very happy and determined that we are now going to have the best results both academically and hygienically. Our classrooms will also be clean for we will have enough water to be used. That means the pupils will no longer get infested with jiggers!"
Field Officer Jemmimah Khasoha, left, and the school administration stand proudly in front of their new water tank.
Our staff and the school administration started by looking around the school to determine the best location for their new rainwater catchment tank. This needed to be the best site with good, clean roofing to catch the rainwater. Then, we cleared the site: excavating the soil within the required measurements to make level ground for the tank foundation. The foundation was cast by laying stones on a level ground and then reinforcing it using steel, concrete and waterproof cement.
Both the drawing pipe as well as the washout pipe were affixed as the foundation was lain. The wall was built with ferro-cement techniques through six layers. The inner wall was plastered while rough casting was done on the outer part.
The catchment area was dug, plastered, and a staircase installed so students can easily get water from the tap.
Dome construction could begin after the superstructure had been given enough time to settle. The manhole cover was fitted, inlet pipes were connected to the roof gutters, inlet screens, ventilation pipes (breathers) and overflow pipes were all done to standard.
Once finished, the tank was given three weeks to undergo complete curing before it was cleaned and handed over to Lusiola Primary School, though we will continue to offer them unmatchable support as a part of our monitoring and maintenance program.
10/02/2018: Lusiola Primary School Project Underway
A severe clean water shortage at Lusiola Primary School drains students' time, energy, and health. Thanks to your generosity, we're working to install a clean water point and much more.
Get to know your school through the introduction and pictures we've posted, and read about this water, sanitation and hygiene project. We look forward to reaching out with more good news!
Giving Update: Lusiola Primary School
A year ago, your generous donation helped Lusiola Primary School in Kenya access clean water – creating a life-changing moment for Evans Chisikwa. Thank you!
Keeping The Water Promise
There's an incredible community of monthly donors who have come alongside you in supporting clean water in Lusiola Primary School.
This giving community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Lusiola Primary School maintain access to safe, reliable water. Together, they keep The Water Promise.
We're confident you'll love joining this world-changing group committed to sustainability!
Lusiola Primary School has greatly benefited from its rainwater tank that was installed last year.
On a recent visit, we heard from staff and students how they are very grateful to no longer be going to the stream for water and wasting time standing in line there when collecting water.
Today, there is plenty of water for drinking, domestic uses such as cleaning and cooking, and agricultural purposes for students. The water project has also facilitated gardening at the school. The availability of clean and safe water in the tank has ensured that meals are taken on time and the pupils report back to class on time for personal studies.
The students and staff at Lusiola Primary have really done a great job in taking care of all of their WaSH facilities. The project has uplifted the community at large, and it has also reduced the prevalence of disease cases and deaths from waterborne diseases.
"Hygiene levels have improved due to handwashing after visiting the washrooms. This has greatly helped to reduce vulnerable diseases. Cleanliness in the school has also improved due to enough water that facilitates cleaning the classrooms and maintaining personal hygiene among our students," explained Senior Teacher Mr. Evans Chisikwa.
Student Armstrong Valentine at the rain tank
Choso Brian Jalega is a 10-year-old student at Lusiola Primary and reflected on how these projects have impacted his experience as a learner since last year.
"Enough water supply has really improved personal hygiene among my fellow students. It has also helped [with] watering our vegetables in the garden."
Field Officer Victor Musemi with students at the rain tank
Navigating through intense dry spells, performing preventative maintenance, conducting quality repairs when needed and continuing to assist community leaders to manage water points are all normal parts of keeping projects sustainable. The Water Promise community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Lusiola Primary School maintain access to safe, reliable water.
We'd love for you to join this world-changing group committed to sustainability.
The most impactful way to continue your support of Lusiola Primary School – and hundreds of other places just like this – is by joining our community of monthly givers.
Your monthly giving will help provide clean water, every month... keeping The Water Promise!
Project Sponsor - Time Warner


text:
Neanderthal behavior
A Mousterian tool retoucher on a bone-shaft from the French site of La Quina, used to modify stone tools.
Almost everything about Neanderthal behaviour remains controversial. From their physiology, Neanderthals are presumed to have been omnivores, but animal protein formed the majority of their dietary protein, showing them to have been carnivorous apex predators and not scavengers.[1]
The quality of stone tools at archaeological sites suggests Neanderthals were good at "expert" cognition, a form of observational learning and practice – acquired through apprenticeship – that relies heavily on long-term procedural memory.[2] Neanderthal toolmaking changed little over hundreds of thousands of years. The lack of innovation may imply a reduced capacity for thinking by analogy and less working memory. Researchers have speculated that Neanderthal behaviour would probably seem neophobic, dogmatic and xenophobic to modern humans,[2][3] and of a degree of rationality.[4] There is genetic evidence that supports interbreeding with Homo sapiens, language capability (including the FOXP2 gene), archaeological signs of cultural development and potential for cumulative cultural evolution.[5] Few Neanderthals lived past the age of 35.[6]
1 Language
3 Burial claims
4.1 Cannibalism
5 Claims of art and adornment
Language[edit]
See also: Origin of language
The hyoid bone and larynx in a modern human.
It is not known whether Neanderthals were anatomically capable of speech and whether they actually spoke.[7] The only bone in the vocal tract is the hyoid, but it is so fragile that no Neanderthal hyoid was found until 1983, when excavators discovered a well-preserved one on Neanderthal Kebara 2, Israel. It was largely similar to that of living humans. Although the original excavators claimed that the similarity of this bone with that of living humans implied Neanderthals were anatomically capable of speech,[8] it is not possible to reconstruct the vocal tract with information supplied by the hyoid.[9][10][11][12] In particular, it does not allow to determine if the larynx of its owner was in a low-lying position, a feature considered important in producing speech.[13][14]
A 2013 study on the Kebara hyoid used X-ray microtomography and finite element analysis to conclude that the Neanderthal hyoid showed microscopic features more similar to a modern human's hyoid than to a chimpanzee hyoid. To the authors, that suggested the Neanderthal hyoid was used similarly to that in living humans, that is, to produce speech.[15] Yet, because the authors did not compare the microscopic structure of the Kebara 2 hyoid with that of speech-hindered living humans, the result is not yet conclusive.
Although some researchers think Neanderthal tool-making is too complex for them not to have had language,[16] tool-making experiments of Levallois technology, the most common Neanderthal toolmaking technique, have found that living humans can learn it in silence.[17]
Neanderthals had the same DNA-coding region of the FOXP2 gene as living humans, but are different in one position of the gene's regulatory regions,[18] and the extent of FOXP2 expression might hence have been different in Neanderthals.[19] Although the gene appears necessary for language, it is not sufficient.[20] It is not known whether FOXP2 evolved for or in conjunction with language, nor whether there are other language-related genes that Neanderthals may or may not have had. Similarly, the size and functionality of the Neanderthal Broca's and Wernicke's areas, used for speech generation in modern humans, is debated.
In 1998, researchers suggested Neanderthals had a hypoglossal canal at least as large as humans, suggesting they had part of the neurological requirements for language. The canal carries the hypoglossal nerve, which controls the muscles of the tongue, necessary to produce language.[21] However, a Berkeley research team showed no correlation between canal size and speech, as a number of extant non-human primates and fossilized australopithecines have larger hypoglossal canals.[22]
The morphology of the outer and middle ear of Homo heidelbergensis, the Neanderthal's ancestor, suggests they had an auditory sensitivity similar to modern humans and different from chimpanzees.[23]
Tools[edit]
Neanderthal and early anatomically modern human archaeological sites show a simpler toolkit than those found in Upper Paleolithic sites, produced by modern humans after about 50,000 BP. In both early anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, there is little innovation in the technology. In 2020 a 50,000-year-old three-ply cord fragment made from bark was found at the Abri du Maras, France site. Bruce Hardy of Kenyon College, Ohio, concluded that the creation of the chord suggested a cognitive understanding of numeracy and context-sensitive operational memory.[24]
Tools produced by Middle Palaeolithic humans in Eurasia (both Neanderthals and early modern humans) are known as Mousterian. These were often produced using soft hammer percussion, with hammers made of materials like bones, antlers, and wood, rather than hard hammer percussion, using stone hammers. A result of this is that their bone industry was relatively simple. They routinely made stone implements. Neanderthal tools consisted of stone-flakes and task-specific hand axes, many of which were sharp.
There is evidence for violence among Neanderthals. The 40,000-year-old Neanderthal skull of St. Césaire has a healed fracture in its cranial vault likely caused by something sharp, suggesting interpersonal violence. The wound healed and the Neanderthal survived.[25]
Whether they had projectile weapons is controversial. They seem to have had wooden spears, but it is unclear whether they were used as projectiles or as thrusting spears.[26] Wood implements rarely survive,[27] but several 320,000-year-old wooden spears about 2 metres in length were found near Schöningen, northern Germany, and are thought to be the product of the older Homo heidelbergensis species.
Neanderthals used fire on occasion, but it is not certain whether they were able to produce it. They may have used Pyrolusite (manganese dioxide) to accelerate the combustion of wood. "With archaeological evidence for fire places and the conversion of the manganese dioxide to powder, [it has been argued] that Neanderthals at Pech-de-l'Azé I used manganese dioxide in fire-making and produced fire on demand." MnO2 lowers the combustion temperature of wood from 350 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius and is common in Neanderthal archaeological sites.[28]
Neanderthals produced birch tar through the dry distillation of birch bark.[29][30] It was long thought that birch tar made by Neanderthals required them to follow a complex recipe, and that it thus showed complex cognitive skills (to arrive at this recipe) and cultural transmission (of this recipe). A study from 2019 showed that birch tar production can instead be a very simple process - merely involving the burning of birch bark near smooth vertical surfaces in open air conditions.[31]
Pendants and other jewelry showing traces of ochre dye and of deliberate grooving have also been found in one single stratigraphically disturbed Neanderthal archaeological layer,[32] but whether these items were ever in the hands of Neanderthals or were mixed into their archaeological layers from overlying modern human ones is debated.
Burial claims[edit]
A claimed Neanderthal burial at Kebara Cave (Carmel Range, Israel). Thermoluminescence dates place Neanderthal levels at Kebara at ca. 60,000 BP. Skeleton of an adult man nicknamed Moshe (25–35 years old, height 1.70 m) found in 1983
Further information: Paleolithic burial
No claim of a deliberate Neanderthal burial is universally accepted.[33][34][35] An interpretation of pre-Neanderthal Shanidar IV as having been ritually buried with flowers[36] was seriously questioned in the past,[37] and to Paul B. Pettitt, convincingly eliminated: "A recent examination of the microfauna from the strata into which the grave was cut suggests that the pollen was deposited by the burrowing rodent Meriones tersicus (Persian jird), which is common in the Shanidar microfauna and whose burrowing activity can be observed today".[38]
However, further excavations of the site which began in 2014 lead to new discovieries and multiple lines of evidence that the Neanderthal was deliberately buried, including the fact that the sediment layer around the body is visibly different to the layer below. Additionally, the sediment below the body shows signs of having been disturbed by digging. According to Emma Pomeroy of the University of Cambridge, "That's quite good evidence that something was dug out and that's what the body's been put in."[39]
See also: Pleistocene human diet
Neanderthals obtained protein in their diet from animal sources.[40] Evidence based on isotope studies shows that Neanderthals ate primarily meat.[41][42][43] Neanderthals were probably an apex predator,[44] and fed predominantly on deer, namely red deer and reindeer, as they were the most abundant game,[45] but also on ibex, wild boar, aurochs, and less frequently mammoth, straight-tusked elephant and woolly rhinoceros.[46][47][48]
Traces of fossilized plants have been extracted from Neanderthal teeth tartar found in Belgium and Iraq, suggesting they also consumed plants.[49][50][51]
Cannibalism[edit]
Neanderthals are thought to have practiced cannibalism or ritual defleshing. This hypothesis was formulated after researchers found marks on Neanderthal bones similar to the bones of a dead deer butchered by Neanderthals.[52][53]
Neanderthal bones from various sites (Combe-Grenal and Abri Moula in France, Krapina in Croatia and Grotta Guattari in Italy) have all been cited as bearing cut marks made by stone tools.[54] However, the results of technological tests have revealed varied causes.
Re-evaluation of these marks using high-powered microscopes, comparisons to contemporary butchered animal remains, and recent ethnographic cases of excarnation mortuary practises have shown that perhaps this was a case of ritual defleshing.
At Grotta Guattari, the apparently purposefully widened base of the skull (for access to the brain) has been shown to be caused by carnivore action, with hyena tooth marks found on the skull and mandible.[citation needed]
According to some studies[which?], fragments of bones from Krapina show marks similar to those on bones from secondary burials at a Michigan ossuary (14th century AD), and are indicative of removing the flesh of a partially decomposed body.
According to others, the marks on the bones found at Krapina are indicative of defleshing, although whether this was for nutritional or ritual purposes cannot be determined with certainty.[55]
Evidence of cannibalism includes:
Analysis of bones from Abri Moula in France does seem to suggest cannibalism was practiced here. Cut-marks are concentrated in places expected in the case of butchery, instead of defleshing. Additionally the treatment of the bones was similar to that of roe deer bones, assumed to be food remains, found in the same shelter.[56]
At El Sidron in Northern Spain, scientists have found evidence pointing to the cannibalism of 12 individuals by what is hypothesized to have been a neighboring group of Neanderthals. According to Carles Lalueza-Fox of the Institute of Evolutionary Biology in Barcelona, the individuals (three children aged from two to nine, three teenagers, and six adults) appear to have been "killed and eaten, with their bones and skulls split open to extract the marrow, tongue and brains." Scientists speculate that the lack of any evidence of a fire makes it likely that the event happened in winter, during times when food was scarce.[57]
Evidence indicating cannibalism would not distinguish Neanderthals from modern humans, which are known to have practiced cannibalism or mortuary defleshing (e.g., the sky burial of Tibet).
Claims of art and adornment[edit]
Further information: Art of the Middle Paleolithic and Cave of Maltravieso
Proposed Neanderthal jewelry: white-tailed eagle claw with striations at the Neanderthal site of Krapina, Croatia, circa 130,000 BP.[58]
A large number of claims of Neanderthal art, adornment, and structures have been made, which would show Neanderthals were capable of symbolic thought and of a degree of human rationality.[59][60][61][62] However, none of them are widely accepted as evidence of symbolism,[63] as the dating often interlaps with anatomically modern human presence in Europe.[64][65] Some notable findings are listed below.
Flower pollen on the body of pre-Neanderthal Shanidar 4, Iraq, had in 1975 been argued to be a flower burial,[66] but the pollen could have also been deposited by natural events.[67][68]
In 1975, a piece of flat flint with a piece of bone pushed through a hole on the midsection–dating to 32, 40, or 75 kya[69]–has been purported to resemble the upper half of a face, with the bone representing eyes–the Mask of la Roche-Cotard.[70][71] It is contested whether it represents a face, or if it even constitutes as art.[72]
Châtelperronian beads have been attributed to Neanderthals, but the dating is uncertain and the beads may have been made by modern humans.[73][74][75][76]
Bird bones were argued to show evidence for feather plucking in a 2012 study examining 1,699 ancient sites across Eurasia, which the authors controversially took to mean Neanderthals wore bird feathers as personal adornments.[77][78]
The scratched floor of Gorham's Cave
Deep scratches on the floor of Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar, were dated to older than 39 kya in 2012, which some have controversially interpreted as Neanderthal abstract art.[79][80][81][82]
In 2015, a study argued that a number of 130,000-year-old eagle talons found in a cache near Krapina, Croatia along with Neanderthal bones, had been modified to be used as jewelry.[58][83] A similar talon necklace was reported in 2019 at Cova Foradà in Spain.[84][85]
Two artificial 176,000-year-old stalagmite ring structures several metres wide, more than 300 m (980 ft) from the entrance within Bruniquel Cave, France, were reported in 2016. Being so far inside the cave, this also shows the use of artificial lighting in underground environments.[86] Other red-painted stalagmites in Spain were dated to 65,500 years ago.[87]
In 2017, incision-decorated raven bones from the Zaskalnaya VI (Kolosovskaya) Neanderthal site, Crimea, Micoquian industry dated to 43–38 kya were reported. Given there are 17 of these objects at seven different sites in the area, and the notches on all of them are more-or-less equidistant to each other, they are very unlikely to have originated from simple butchering.[88]
In 2018, red painted symbols comprising hand stencils, a ladder-shape figure,[87] dots, discs, lines, and representations of animals on the cave walls of several caves across Spain 700 km (430 mi) apart, including La Pasiega,[87][89] Cave of Maltravieso,[87] Cave of El Castillo,[90] and Doña Trinidad–were dated to be older than 66,000 years ago.[87] If the dating is correct, they were painted at least 20,000 years prior to the arrival of anatomically modern humans in western Europe, and demonstrate Neanderthals were capable of symbolic behavior.[87][64][65][91]
The Cave of Los Aviones in Spain has yielded ochred and perforated marine shells, red and yellow colorants, and shell "makeup containers" [92] that feature residues of complex pigment mixtures.[93] The pigments on the sea shells were dated to 115,000 years old, making these "the oldest personal ornamentation known anywhere in the world," predating the presence of Homo sapiens.[94][93][95][96]
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^ Rodríguez-Hidalgo, A.; Morales, J. I.; Cebrià, A.; Courtenay, L. A.; Fernández-Marchena, J. L.; García-Argudo, G.; Marín, J.; Saladié, P.; Soto, M.; Tejero, J.-M.; Fullola, J.-M. (2019). "The Châtelperronian Neanderthals of Cova Foradada (Calafell, Spain) used imperial eagle phalanges for symbolic purposes". Science Advances. 5 (11): eaax1984. Bibcode:2019SciA....5.1984R. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax1984. PMC 6824858. PMID 31701003.
^ Jaubert, J.; Verheyden, S.; Genty, D.; Soulier, M.; Cheng, H.; Blamart, D.; Burlet, C.; Camus, H.; Delaby, S.; Deldicque, D.; Edwards, R. L.; Ferrier, C.; Lacrampe-Cuyaubère, F.; Lévêque, F.; Maksud, F.; Mora, P.; Muth, X.; Régnier, É.; Rouzaud, J.-N.; Santos, F. (2016). "Early Neanderthal constructions deep in Bruniquel Cave in southwestern France". Nature. 534 (7605): 111–114. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..111J. doi:10.1038/nature18291. PMID 27251286.
^ a b c d e f It's Official: Neanderthals Created Art. Chris Standish and Alistair Pike. Sapiens.org. 22 May 2018.
^ d'Errico, F.; Tsvelykh, A. (2017). "A decorated raven bone from the Zaskalnaya VI (Kolosovskaya) Neanderthal site, Crimea". PLOS ONE. 12 (3): e0173435. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1273435M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173435. PMC 5371307. PMID 28355292.
^ "Neanderthals thought like we do". www.mpg.de. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
^ World's Oldest Cave Art Found—Made by Neanderthals?. Ker Than. National Geographic News. Published June 14, 2012.
^ Marris, Emma (2018). "Neanderthal artists made oldest-known cave paintings". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-018-02357-8.
^ "Neanderthal 'make-up' discovered". BBC News. 9 January 2010. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
^ a b Hoffmann, Dirk L.; Angelucci, Diego E.; Villaverde, Valentín; Zapata, Josefina; Zilhão, João (2018). "Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals 115,000 years ago". Science Advances. 4 (2): eaar5255. Bibcode:2018SciA....4.5255H. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aar5255. PMC 5833998. PMID 29507889.
^ World's Oldest Cave Art Found—And Neanderthals Made It. Michael Greshko, National Geographic. 22 February 2018.
^ Archaeologists Have Discovered the World's Oldest Cave Paintings—And They're by Neanderthals. Sarah Cascone, Art Net. February 23, 2018.
^ Archaeologists Have Discovered the World's Oldest Cave Paintings—And They're by Neanderthals. Sarah Cascone, Art Net. February 23, 2018.
Boë, Louis-Jean; Jean-Louis Heim; Kiyoshi Honda; Shinji Maeda (July 2002). "The potential Neandertal vowel space was as large as that of modern humans" (PDF). Journal of Phonetics. 30 (3): 465–84. doi:10.1006/jpho.2002.0170. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 24, 2006.
Lieberman, Philip (October 2007). "Current views on Neanderthal speech capabilities: A reply to Boe et al. (2002)". Journal of Phonetics. 35 (4): 552–63. doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2005.07.002.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Homo neanderthalensis.
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Introduction to Paleoanthropology
Wikispecies has information related to Homo neanderthalensis.
(Hominins)
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Red Deer Cave people
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Notable Specimens
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Miguelón
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In radiocarbon
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Neanderthal 1 (type
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text:
Tor Story
@Witchman05 - Jun 2 2021
Sometime in the mid-1990s at the United States Naval Research Laboratory, history was being made.
Paul Syverson, Michael G Reed and David Goldschlag, a mathematician and two computer scientists in the employ of the US intelligence community, were working on a tactic to protect sensitive and confidential online communication and data by the United States government and their associates. In 1997, development was continued further by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA. Five years later, however, Syverson and his new associates, Roger Dingledine and Nick Mathewson released the alpha version of "The Onion Routing project" on the 20th of September, 2002.
With the Naval Research Laboratory publicly releasing this software's code to the masses in 2004, Mathewson and Dingdledine (with funding from the online civil-liberties organization, the Electronic Frontier Foundation) continued developing it and strengthening it, eventually launching the Tor Project group in 2006, with five of their associates. The EFF, along with a number of other sponsors (including a massive chunk of funding from the US government until 2014), helped the Tor Project and their brainchild, the Tor Browser and "onion routing", to become the #1 in privacy and anonymity software, where it stands to this day.
In December, 2015, Roger Dingledine, who at the time held the position of interim executive director, stepped down to the position of director and board member of the Tor Project; his position was succeeded by Shari Steele, former executive director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
Major personnel changes were also made to the Tor Project all throughout 2016, thought to be precipitated by the sexual assault, harrassment, and stalking allegations against Jacob Appelbaum, who until his retirement from the Tor Project on the 25th of May, 2016, was a leading developer and main spokesperson for the project, being considered "the face of the Tor Project". With the entire board publicly stepping down and being replaced on the 13th of July and the Project releasing the results of a seven-week investigation against these allegations (confirmed to be true), considerable upheaval was felt in the cypherpunk and Tor communities.
At the time of writing, the Tor board is comprised of: Alissa Cooper, Bruce Schneier (of Schneier on Security and Applied Cryptography) Cindy Cohn (also the executive director of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, following Steele's move to the Tor Project), Gabriella Coleman, Chelsea Komlo, Dees Chinniah, Julius Mittenzwei, Kendra Albert, Matt Blaze, Nighat Dad, Rabbi Rob Thomas (founder and CEO of the cybersecurity firm Team Cymru), and Ramy Raoof.


I bought my first mini in May 2014. It wasn't the first I looked at, it wasn't even what I'd imagined I'd buy (wanted a MPi Tahiti sports pack) but there was something about it that appealed to me. My plans are to have the bodywork 'done' over winter with some Mk1 styling with all mod cons. But let's start with how Wombie looked on the day of purchase.
The previous owner was a 'welder' by trade. He had attempted to replace the arches (left filled holes), sills and left me with quite a mess to remedy. I bought with my heart and not my head, but hey it's a neat project to keep me busy.
- create a retro come modern street sleeper car. So retro front end, wide arches, wheels and a nice modern interior. More to follow.
Edited by Richie83, 20 January 2015 - 09:44 PM.
Sounds like it'll be an interesting project, very difficult to find an honest mini without hidden bodges. I've had 4 prior to the one i bought this year, and i still stupidly managed to get mugged off, but if you start from scratch least you know you've done it properly. Keep the updates coming !
The first thing I did (with the help of my father in law) was replace the rocker cover gasket and fit T-Bars. I then bought an oil pressure gauge and fitted it.
After snapping off the T-Piece in the block, removing it with a stud extractor and finally finishing it I had more than one way to realise the engine was filthy. 1. It looked filthy and 2. I was filthy from working on the engine.
So I broke out the gunk and cleaned it up.
This revealed a leaking oil feed pipe. So I changed it for a snazzy braided hose from MiniSpares.
Then one weekend (and a bit) I replaced my leaking thermostat housing gaskets, hoses and added some shiney smiffy bits. Oh and I undercoated it and gave it a red topcoat.
Still a work in progress but it's so much cleaner and pleasant to work on now.
Edited by Richie83, 26 October 2014 - 06:57 PM.
Bought and fitted a few things over the summer.
You missing a temperature sender?
Getting there, is that the green sensor under the air filter?
Well I would have expected a temp sender in that hole in the cylinder head next to #1 spark plug under the thermostat housing, is it blanked off?
Edited by minimikej, 31 October 2014 - 09:04 PM.
Ah yes it is. Mine is an SPi, so the temp sensor is under the manifold I do believe.
This week will mostly include removal of more panels (rear valance and closing plate under the fuel tank) and welding. Happy with how the project is coming together, although it is costing a lot!
Plans haven't changed much and have a MK1 grille. Pondering orange lucas indicators, bonnet strap and need to choose a badge (Rover one is naff). Again unsure on Morris Cooper badge, Mk3 shield or no badge at all. Thoughts?
Nice! Loving retro styled SPI's. This is my 95 Mayfair.
The bodged sport pack arch holes have also been cleaned out.
Next up is the drivers side, removal of balance and closing panel. Then the rebuild can begin.
Edited by Richie83, 25 November 2014 - 06:10 PM.
[url=http://s1381.photobucket.com/user/richardsharp4/media/Mini%20Project/646DC343-9DA3-4EB0-BFE8-A7F0AD914A0B_zpshfuqgudv.jpg.html] So suspension will be updated with KYB shocks, new genuine red dot donuts, new ball joints and knuckles. New hi-los too, so should all ride nice and dandy.
Edited by Richie83, 30 November 2014 - 11:15 PM.


text:
/**
 * @file		libadopter.hpp
 * @brief		internal standard library adopter(loader)
 * @author		Byunghun Hwang<bhhwang@nsynapse.com>
 * @date 		2015. 8. 19
 * @details	COSSB library adopter
 */

#ifndef _COSSB_LIBADOPTER_HPP_
#define _COSSB_LIBADOPTER_HPP_

#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <string>
#include "util/format.h"

using namespace std;

namespace cossb {
namespace base {

template<class T>
class libadopter {
public:
	libadopter(const char* path) {
		_handle = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW|RTLD_GLOBAL);
		if(_handle) {
			typedef T* create_t(void);
			create_t* pfcreate = (create_t*)dlsym(_handle, "create");
			if(pfcreate)
				_lib = pfcreate();
		}
	}

	virtual ~libadopter() {
		if(_lib) {
			typedef void(destroy_t)(T* arg);
			destroy_t* pfdestroy = (destroy_t*)dlsym(_handle, "destroy");
			if(pfdestroy)
				pfdestroy(_lib);
			_lib = nullptr;
		}

		if(_handle) {
			dlclose(_handle);
			_handle = nullptr;
		}
	}

	T* get_lib() { return _lib; }

private:
	void* _handle = nullptr;

	T* _lib = nullptr;
};

} /* namespace base */
} /* namespace cossb */

#endif /* _COSSB_LIBADOPTER_HPP_ */


The West Virginia swimming & diving program will have a new home soon, as construction is underway for the Mountaineer Center. Costs are estimated at $40 million for the entire facility, which will be owned and operated by the Mylan Park Foundation.
The new facility will feature a new aquatic center as well as a new track and field complex, meaning the track and field teams will soon compete here, too. The grand opening is set in two phases, with the track and field venue scheduled for next fall (2018) and the pool to be opened shortly after, in the spring of 2019.
The aquatic center will be 50 meters, with an additional diving well that includes 1 and 3 meter springboards as well as 1, 3, 5, 7.5, and 10 meter diving platforms. In its entirety, the aquatic center will take up 90,050 square feet, as there will also be an indoor recreation pool and an outdoor splash, patio and cardio area.
This marks a significant upgrade to the current natatorium, which is 8 lanes but only 25 yards. While the current pool can seat 500 spectators, the new one is expected to be able to seat over 1,200.
WVU students and faculty will also have access to the new facility, which will benefit the surrounding community as well as high school swimmers. The HS state meet is typically held at WVU's current natatorium, and the new one will allot much more space and offer a much nicer venue for the high school championships.
On the bigger end of things, WVU will be looking to host a Big 12 swimming and diving championships once the pool is up and running. The University of Texas has been the obvious selection for the conference meet every year since Mizzou and Texas A&M left the Big 12, and the new facility in Morgantown could give WVU the benefit of hosting championships in the future. WVU will also be hoping to host a future Special Olympics, per head coach Vic Riggs.
This is wonderful news. WVU had a strong team in the mid to late 2000s with the men winning the Big East Championships in 2007. Hopefully, this new pool will help return them to prominence and provide the state with greater swimming opportunities for younger swimmers.
Is this on campus or off?


text:
Deans Appointed to Vice Provost Roles to Advance Health Affairs
September 11, 2019 | News, UToday, Health and Human Services, Medicine and Life Sciences, Nursing, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
The Office of the Provost has appointed two deans to take on additional responsibilities as vice provosts.
Dr. Christopher Cooper, dean of the College of Medicine and Life Sciences, and executive vice president for clinical affairs, has been appointed to serve as vice provost for educational health affairs.
Dr. Linda Lewandowski, dean of the College of Nursing, has been appointed to serve as vice provost for health affairs for interprofessional and community partnerships.
In his vice provost role, Cooper will serve as a liaison between the Office of the Provost and the deans of the four health-related colleges with a focus on facilities and college resources related to health education.
In her vice provost role, Lewandowski will serve as a liaison between the Office of the Provost and the external community for targeted health-related partnerships and initiatives, and will be responsible for the development and implementation of interprofessional collaborations among the University's health-related academic programs.


text:
Real Madrid and LAVA to Launch Smart Ticket NFT Experience on Flow
www.coinspeaker.com 06 November 2021 00:30, UTC
The idea of smart ticket NFTs will allow Real Madrid to elevate the fan experience to a higher level.
LAVA, the next-generation real-time API software platform, has authorized the Real Madrid Football Club to issue smart ticket NFT assets on Flow. These tickets can be collected and exchanged by fans all around the world.
The premiere launch of the smart ticket NFT took place at Santiago Bernabeu Stadium at the match against Sheriff Tiraspol on 28th September. The NFT helps a specific group of fans and partners to gather exciting rewards on their digital smart tickets. The fans can, later, redeem the digital currency which can be utilized in accessing exclusive digital items curated especially for the event.
While this is true, everybody is aware of the enormous audience and reach Real Madrid enjoys. The fandom of the club is immaculate, with it being able to generate an international community of approximately 600 million people. Non-Fungible Tokens will allow the club to reach out to many fans beyond just the football stadium.
Chief Transformation Officer at Real Madrid, Michael Sutherland commented on the recent announcement by saying that this will empower fans to invest in themselves, and collect unique digital items that have a huge significance in the digital arena. He also noted that leveraging NFTs has enabled the club to build and curate an entirely new experience for the fans who otherwise possess limited resources to connect with the club. In a nutshell, Sutherland asserted that the recent move has bridged the gap between the online and offline experience of the game.
With the real-time brand API for customer engagement in the modern economy, LAVA believes in empowering and shifting the focus of social networking back to the brands. Chief Executive Officer at LAVA, Wen Miao claims that the idea of a smart ticket NFT will allow Real Madrid to elevate the fan experience at an altogether higher level, with the new opportunities brought to you to your neighborhood, your favorite store, and your favorite restaurant. Since brands are always looking for a better way to engage and connect with their audience, LAVA has been instrumental in shifting the control back to brands with this smart ticket NFT, Miao added.
While the Smart Ticket is powered by LAVA, it is launched on Flow, the blockchain created for the next-gen of apps and games. The network was built to make the process of creating user-friendly applications more convenient. Flow has supported various expensive ecosystems of the top entertainment brands, development studios, and venture-backed startups. Some of the famous ecosystem partners of the Blockchain include global IP brands like Warner Music, Ubisoft, and NBA.
Mickey Maher, the senior Vice President of partnerships at Dapper Labs commented on the collaboration by calling it an 'innovative way to bring new experiences to sports fans.


text:
Animal Planet – Pupularity Playoffs – Win will have a donation of $5000 made in Grand Prize Winner's name to a non-profit animal shelter of the Grand Prize Winner's choice and a one year subscription to DOGTV
Vote and Give Back in the Pupularity Playoff Sweepstakes!
One lucky winner will have the ability to select a non-profit animal shelter (from pre-approved list) to receive a donation of $5,000 from the Pedigree Foundation and a 1-year subscription to DOGTV, the first and only television network for dogs.
Plus, every entry receives a free trial to DOGTV with give back! For every free trial redeemed, DOGTV will donate $5 to the selected non-profit animal shelter.
Careers at Discovery
The Discovery Family of Networks © 2021 Discovery or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserved.
000 made in Grand Prize Winner's name to a non-profit animal shelter of the Grand Prize Winner's choice; and a one year subscription to DOGTV. Animal Planet - Pupularity Playoffs Sweepstakes Win Free Stuff Win will have a donation of $5
From www.discovery.com
Source: www.discovery.com on GiveawayUS.com


text:
Q: three.js OBJLoader and precompressed gzip obj not loading This may be unsupported by the library. Just wondering if anyone has come across this. I have tried loading an obj and there is no problem. If i pre-compress to gzip format it will not load and its callback is never called. Be nice to gzip obj files since they get good compression.
There's nothing special in the code.
var loader = new THREE.OBJLoader(manager);
loader.load(meshUrl, function (sceneObject) {
    sceneObject.traverse(function (child) {
        if (child instanceof THREE.Mesh) {
            child.material = material;
        }
    });
}, onProgress, onError);

UPDATE
meshUrl if pointing to an external url that is an uncompressed obj file, loads normal. onProgressed called and behaves as you'd expect.
If pointing to a pre-compressed gzip version of the same obj, the onProgress method is called but progress.total is always 0 which caused my code to funk out.
Fixed, now to handle progress better

A: Hate to answer my own question but turns out onProgress is still being called with the total value always being 0 if content is gzipped. So solution is to store total elsewhere, in this case the db that loads the referenced url and calc percentage loaded that way.
Plus the progress parameter has a lengthComputable boolean.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The capital city of the Vaucluse region is most known for its incredibly well preserved architecture, tangible history and epic events. While the dramatic medieval wall that encircles the old city is an impressive sight, it is the charming boutique-lined streets, complete with superb restaurants and leafy squares that makes visitors look twice. An artist's mecca, the city also has a number of impressive museums including the famed Musee de Petit Palais, which exhibits Italian religious paintings by artists like Botticelli, Carpaccio and Giovanni di Paolo. The shining star in the city's cultural calendar is the annual Avignon Festival, the largest in France, where the world's greatest actors in contemporary performing arts descend onto the French city for several weeks in July.
Take a ride. When weighing up what to do in Avignon, one can't look past the free Navette Fluviale (shuttle boat) that crosses the Rhône daily. With Avignon sitting on the bank of the River Rhone, all of the city's best sights can be enjoyed from the comfort of this boat.
Make a day out of it. The city is the perfect base for visiting the beautiful smaller villages of the region. Take an Avignon day trip to the stunning villages of L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue and Fontaine de Vaucluse.
Step back in time. Simple, but true – one of the best things to do in Avignon is to go for a simple stroll. With the ancient wall and medieval ramparts (dating back to the 1300's!) still surrounding the city, a wander here reveals the living history of the region.
Best Time To Visit With the world-famous Avignon Festival opening its doors to visitors in July and the Instagram-worthy lavender fields in bloom nearby, summer is the obvious choice for most tourists. However, for those seeking a quieter Avignon sightseeing experience, pack your bags in autumn, when the weather is usually warm, the rolling hills enjoys hints of orange and gold and the Avignon tour groups are minimal.
Although the lack of signposts and impatient local drivers can prove testing, visiting all the Avignon attractions is all the easier with a car.
Travellers can hire vehicles from most of the major car-hire companies at the Avignon airport, just 8km southeast of the city centre.
If you're staying centrally, the city's bus system is comprehensive and easy to use, while hiring a bike is also a fun way of exploring on your Avignon day tours.
There is relatively little crime in Avignon, though as the region is a popular tourist destination, pick pocketing and bag snatching does occur. Visitors should keep their valuables close at all times.
Be careful when walking around the city after dark. Walking only in well-lit streets and sticking with your group is always sensible when you find yourself in unfamiliar surroundings.
The post 6 Places In Singapore That Were Never On Your To-Do List appeared first on The Guidebook - isango!.


This topic contains 3 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by Asad Malik 1 month, 2 weeks ago.
The thread below is a list of strategies, tactics, and resources that our community can use to fight fraud. Fraud is defined as 'deception with the intent of financial gain'. Our tactics to fight this weapon include Briefs, Broadcasting, Boycotting, and Bankrupting these institutions. If you have resources or information that will help these efforts, post them below.
How do we fight (or take advantage of) redlining?
Who are the Black realtors in your area?
Who are the Black employers in your area?
Who are the bad companies or institutions that should be targeted for boycott?
How do we effectively broadcast bad actors, predatory practices, and fraud? List resources like newspapers, television stations (both local and national), and press release distributors.
One of the places many of us get scammed is when buying a car. The salesperson isn't just there to help you fill out the forms and complete the car-buying process. He or she has the goal of getting you to pay for as many dealership fees and services as possible. Get prepared to negotiate by brushing up on common costly fees and services you don't need.
If I missed one, hit reply. Avoiding these fees could mean saving thousands of dollars!
The vast majority of dealers take out loans to build their inventory and are essentially "renting" the vehicles. Most manufacturer's provide this financing, known as "floorplan", and that's not all – they also reinburse dealers for this cost through a kickback known as holdback(usually 1 – 3% of the invoice price of the vehicle).
A typical dealer may pay $350 per month to finance each vehicle. If it takes two months to sell, their cost is $700 – but the holdback amount usually covers this. If a dealer sells the vehicle in less than a month, they will make a tidy profit simply on the holdback amount.
But we're just getting started. Let's assume the dealer sells a vehicle within 30 days of delivery and makes a profit of $600 on the purchase price of the vehicle. Their financing cost will be $350, but they will be reimbursed $700 for the holdback, plus they may get an additional $250 kickback in the form of a manufacturer-to-dealer incentive.
When you add the $600 profit to the holdback and other incentives, the dealer has made a total profit of $1,200 and they only had to put up $350. That's more than a 300% return on their investment in less than 30 days.
Most dealers don't make the bulk of their profits on the sale of a new car. The big profit usually comes through arranging car loans, selling add-ons, and making money on your trade-in.
Dealers can easily make a profit of $3,000 just through the financing alone (see: How Dealers Make Money on Financing). If you have a trade-in, a dealer can make another $2,000 (easy) on that. They simply low-ball your trade-in, then turn around and sell it for a nice profit.
Finally, a dealer will try to sell you add-ons, such as an extended warranty, gap insurance, or other accessories – adding another $750 to $2,000 to their bottom line. If you're going to be servicing your car at their dealership, they stand to make even more profit through parts and service – easily adding another $3,000 of profit over the life of the vehicle.
If you simply focus on the price of the car, you may not think the dealer is making much money, but when you factor in all these other things, a dealer can make $10,000 profit off of just one sale.
If you have more info on how dealerships make money in your country or area, leave a followup thread!