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26 Baku Commissars
The 26 Baku Commissars were Bolshevik and Left Socialist Revolutionary (SR) members of the Baku Soviet Commune. The commune was established in the city of Baku, which was then the capital of the briefly independent Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and is now the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The commune, led by Stepan Shahumyan, existed until 26 July 1918 when the Bolsheviks were forced out of power by a coalition of Dashnaks, Right SRs, and Mensheviks.
After their overthrow, the Baku commissars attempted to leave Baku but were captured by the Centrocaspian Dictatorship and imprisoned. On 14 September 1918, during the fall of Baku to Ottoman forces, Red Army soldiers broke into their prison and freed the commissars; they then boarded a ship to Krasnovodsk, where they were promptly arrested by local authorities and, on the night of 20 September 1918, executed by a firing squad between the stations of Pereval and Akhcha-Kuyma on the Transcaspian Railway.
1 Baku Commune
2 The executions
3 Impact
4 Soviet investigations
5 The Commissars
6 Demolition of the 26 Commissars Memorial and reburial
Baku CommuneEdit
The Baku Commune lasted from 13 April to 25 July 1918. It came to power after the bloody confrontation with the Muslim population, known as the March Days in Baku. During its brief existence the Commune had to face several problems: from the shortage of food and supplies to the threat of a strong Ottoman Empire Army which wanted to attack Baku. Despite the difficult conditions, the Commune carried out several social reforms, such as the nationalization of the oil industry.[citation needed] This is how the writer Victor Serge described the situation in May, June and July and the state of the small Red Army of Baku:[1]
In May, June and July the inhabitants could be given only minute rations of nuts and sunflower seed; the small quantities of corn that the Soviet managed to bring in by sea were reserved for the troops. Attempts at requisitioning were made by the small Red Army of Baku, a poorly disciplined, poorly managed body composed largely of Armenians who were alien to the revolutionary spirit of the proletariat. These drank in excess and plundered the Moslem peasants, causing disaffection among them.
On 5 June 1918 the Baku Red Army repulsed an assault by overwhelming Ottoman troops, but later it launched an unsuccessful assault on Ganja, the headquarters of the Ottoman Army of Islam, and was obliged to retreat to Baku.[2] At this point, Dashnaks, Right SRs and Mensheviks started to negotiate with General Dunsterville, the commander of the British troops in Persia, inviting his troops to Baku in order to defend the city from an imminent Ottoman attack. The Bolsheviks and their leftist allies opposed this scheme, but on 25 July the majority of the Soviet voted to call in the British, and the Bolsheviks resigned. The Baku Commune was imprisoned for participation in unlawful military formations and militarized robbery, particularly for the March Days atrocities and was replaced by the Central-Caspian Dictatorship.
In contrast to what happened in many parts of Russia, where the Bolsheviks earned a reputation for ruthlessness executing those who did not support them, the Bolsheviks of Baku were not so strict. The Cheka in Baku executed only two persons, both members of the Soviet caught in embezzling public funds: the Commissar for Finance, Aleksandr Kireev, and the commissar of the steamship Meve, Sergei Pokrovskii.[1][2]
The executionsEdit
Stepan Shahumyan, the leader of the 26 commissars
After the fall of the Baku Soviet in July 1918, the Bolshevik leaders and some loyal troops tried to reach Astrakhan, the only Caspian port still in Bolshevik hands. However, their ship was intercepted by the military vessels of the Caspian fleet and after undergoing an hour's bombardment in mid-sea they surrendered and returned to Baku. Most of the Bolshevik militants were arrested and remained in prison until, after the fall of Baku to the Turks, a commando unit led by Anastas Mikoyan freed them from their prison.
Shahumyan, Dzhaparidze, Azizbekov, and their comrades, along with Mikoyan, then boarded the ship Turkmen, intending to reach Astrakhan by sea. According to recent historians, the sailors chose instead to sail to Krasnovodsk for fear of being arrested in Astrakhan. At Krasnovodsk the commissars were arrested by the town's commandant who requested further orders from the "Ashkhabad Committee", led by the Socialist Revolutionary Fyodor Funtikov, about what should be done with them. Three days later, British Major-General Wilfrid Malleson, on hearing of their arrest, contacted Britain's liaison-officer in Ashkhabad, Captain Reginald Teague-Jones, to suggest that the commissars be handed over to British forces to be used as hostages in exchange for British citizens held by the Soviets. That same day, Teague-Jones attended the Committee's meeting in Ashkabad which had the task of deciding the fate of the Commissars. For some reason Teague-Jones did not communicate Malleson's request to the Committee, and claimed he left before a decision was made.[3] He further claimed that next day he discovered the committee had eventually decided to issue orders that the commissars should be executed. According to historian Richard H. Ullman, Teague-Jones could have stopped the executions if he wanted since the Ashkabad Committee was dependent on British support and could not refuse a request from its powerful ally, but he decided not to do so.[4]
On the night of 20 September, three days after being arrested, twenty-six of the commissars were executed by a firing squad between the stations of Pereval and Akhcha-Kuyma on the Trans-Caspian railway. How Anastas Mikoyan, who was part of the group, managed to survive is still uncertain, as is the reason why his life was spared. In 1922, V. Chaikin, a Socialist Revolutionary journalist, published a description of the moments before the execution.[5]
At around 6 A.M. [relates a witness], the twenty-six commissars were told of the fate awaiting them while they were in the train. They were taken out in groups of eight or nine men. They were obviously shocked, and kept a tense silence. One sailor shouted: 'I'm not afraid, I'm dying for liberty.' One of the executioners replied that 'We too will die for liberty sooner or later, but we mean it in a different way from you.' The first group of commissars, led from the train in the semi-darkness, was dispatched with a single salvo. The second batch tried to run away but was mown down after several volleys. The third resigned itself to its fate ...
ImpactEdit
Isaak Brodsky's The Execution of the Twenty Six Baku Commissars (1925) depicting the Soviet view of the execution.
Soviet officials later blamed the executions on British agents acting in the Baku area at the time.[6][7][8] When Soviet rule was established in the whole Caspian area, Funtikov, the head of the Ashkhabad 'Directorate' responsible for the executions, was imprisoned. Funtikov put all blame for the executions onto Britain, and in particular Teague-Jones who, he claimed, had ordered him to have the commissars shot. Funtikov was tried and shot in Baku in 1926. Britain denied involvement in the incident, saying it was done by local officials without any knowledge of the British.
This accusation caused a further souring of relations between Britain and the fledgling Soviet government and helped lead to the confrontational attitude of both sides in the coming years.
According to Soviet historiography two British officers on board the commissars' ship ordered it to sail to Krasnovodsk instead of Astrakhan, where they found a government led by SRs and British officers who immediately ordered the arrest of the commissars. The Soviets would later immortalize the death of the 26 commissars through, among other things, movies,[9] artwork,[10] stamps,[11] and public works including the 26 Commissars Memorial in Baku. In Isaak Brodsky's famous painting, British officers are depicted as being present at the executions.[12]
Soviet investigationsEdit
Boris Vladimirovich Sennikov published a book in 2004 about his findings on the Tambov Rebellion where he mentioned several facts about the event.[13]
Sennikov claims that the famous Brodsky's painting is an invention of the Soviet historiography. The truth was established by the special commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) that arrived from Moscow. The commission was headed by Vadim Chaikin (PSR). The commission also consisted of a big group of a high-ranking Moscow's Cheka officers headed by Yakov Peters, an international criminal associated with the Siege of Sidney Street. Sennikov also brings up a quote of Chaikin in the article of Suren Gazaryan "That should not be repeated" in the Leningrad magazine "Zvezda": "The painting of Brodsky Execution of the 26 Baku Commissars is historically false. They were not shot, but rather decapitated. And the executioner of the penalty was a single man - a Turkmen, a gigantic strength bogatyr. That Turkmen by himself with his own hands using a shashka beheaded all of them."[14] The pit with remains of the commissars and their heads was uncovered under the surveillance of the VTsIK special commission and representatives of Cheka. The report on the death of Baku commissars was sent by the commission to VTsIK, Sovnarkom, and the Central Committee of RKP(b).
In 1922 Vadim Chaikin published his book To the history of the Russian Revolution through the Grazhbin Publishing (Moscow) commemorating the first part "Execution of 26 Baku Commissars" to the event. After serving time in the Oryol Prison Chaikin on 11 September 1941 he was executed by a firing squad along with 156 other Oryol prison inmates during the Medvedev Forest massacre.
Baku, 2005. The wall of the house of the Baku Commissariat (1918)
The CommissarsEdit
Funeral of 26 Baku Commissars in 1920 (crying women are mother of the Mir Hasan Vezirov).
Grave (burial place) of 23 Baku commissars. Hovsan Cemetery. 9 May 2017
The twenty-six "Baku Commissars" were not all commissars and were not all Bolsheviks; some of them were Left SRs and Dashnaks. There were many nationalities among them: Greek, Latvian, Jewish, Russian, Georgian, Armenian and Azerbaijani.
The 26 "commissars" were:[15]
Stepan Shahumyan – Chairman of the Baku Council of the People's Commissars, Commissar Extraordinary for the Caucasus
Meshadi Azizbekov – Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs, gubernial commissar for Baku
Prokopius Dzhaparidze – Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Baku Soviet
Ivan Fioletov – Chairman of the Soviet of National Economy
Mir-Hasan Vazirov – People's Commissar for Agriculture
Grigory Korganov – People's Commissar for Military and Navy Affairs
Yakov Zevin – People's Commissar for Labor
Grigory Petrov – Military Commissar of the Baku region from the Sovnarkom of the Russian SFSR
Ivan Malygin – Deputy Chairman of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Caucasian Army
Arsen Amiryan – Chief Editor of Baku Worker newspaper
Meyer Velkovich Basin – Member of the Military Revolutionary Committee
Suren Osepyan – Chief Editor of Izvestia of the Baku Council newspaper
Eizhen Berg – Sailor
Vladimir Polukhin – Collegiate Commissar for Military and Navy Affairs of the Russian SFSR
Fyodor Solntsev – Member of the military
Armenak Boriyan – Journalist
Ivan Gabyshev – Political commissar of a brigade
Mark Koganov – Member of the Military Revolutionary Committee
Bagdasar Avakyan – Military Commandant of Baku
Irakly Metaksa – Shahumyan's bodyguard
Ivan Nikolayshvili – Dzhaparidze's bodyguard
Aram Kostandyan – Deputy People's Commissar for Agriculture
Solomon Bogdanov – Member of the Military Revolutionary Committee
Anatoly Bogdanov – Clerk
Isay Mishne – Secretary of the Military Revolutionary Committee
Tatevos Amirov – Commander of a cavalry unit, member of Dashnaktsutiun[16]
Demolition of the 26 Commissars Memorial and reburialEdit
26 Commissars Memorial was a symbol of Azerbaijan SSR.
In January 2009, the Baku authorities began the demolition of the city's 26 Commissars Memorial.[17] This was the latest monument of several that had been built to commemorate the Commissars erected in that park during the Soviet period. This last monument itself had been fenced-off since July 2008.[17] The remains of the commissars were reburied at Hovsan Cemetery on 26 January 2009, with participation of Muslim, Jewish and Christian clergy, who conducted religious ceremonies.[18]
The dismantling was opposed by some local left-wingers and by the Azerbaijan Communist Party in particular.[17] It also upset Armenia as the Armenian public believed that the demolition and reburial was motivated by the reluctance of the Azerbaijanis, after the Nagorno-Karabakh War to have ethnic Armenians buried in the center of their capital.[19] Another scandal happened when Azerbaijani press reports claimed that during the exhumation only 21 bodies were discovered and that "Shahumyan and four other Armenian commissars managed to escape their murderers".[19][20][21][22] This report was questioned by Shahumyan's granddaughter Tatyana, now living in Moscow, who told the Russian daily Kommersant that:
"It is impossible to believe that they weren't all buried. There is a film in the archives of 26 bodies being buried. Apart from this, my grandmother was present at the reburial."[19]
Almost all monuments in Azerbaijan dedicated to the commissars including Shahumyan, Azizbekov, Dzhaparidze and Fioletov, have been demolished. Most streets named after the commissars have been renamed.
Russian prominent poet Sergei Yesenin wrote "Ballad of the Twenty-six" to commemorate the Baku Commissars, poem first published in The Baku Worker, 22 September 1925.[23]
Russian alternative music band WOMBA named one of its albums The 27th Baku Commissar.[citation needed]
Italian prominent writer Tiziano Terzani wrote about the Baku Commissars in his book 'Buonanotte, signor Lenin' (Goodnight, Mr Lenin: A Journey Through the End of the Soviet Empire, 1992).[citation needed]
A street in southwest-central Moscow is named after the 26 Baku Commisars {Ulitsa 26 Bakinskikh Komissarov
Transcaspian Government
^ a b "Victor Serge: Year One of the Russian Revolution (6. The Truce and the Great Retrenchment)". www.marxists.org.
^ a b Symes, Peter. "The Note Issues of Azerbaijan". www.pjsymes.com.au. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
^ C. Dobson & J. Miller The Day We Almost Bombed Moscow Hodder and Stoughton, 1986. p94-95.
^ Richard H. Ullman Anglo-Soviet Relations 1917-21. Vol. I. Intervention and the War Princeton, N.J., 1961 p. 324.
^ On the History of the Russian Revolution (K Istorii Rossi skoi Revoliutsii) (Moscow, 1922)
^ Reginald Teague-Jones, The Spy Who Disappeared: Diary of a Secret Mission to Russian and Central Asia in 1918 Gollancz, 1990.
^ J.V. Stalin. "The Shooting of the Twenty-Six Baku Comrades". marxists.org.
^ File Not Found at www.marxists.org
^ Dvadtsat shest komissarov (1933) on IMDb
^ "armymuseum.ru". Archived from the original on 16 August 2006.
^ [1] at home.nestor.minsk.by
^ C. Dobson & J. Miller The Day We Almost Bombed Moscow Hodder and Stoughton, 1986. p96
^ Sennikov, B. Tambov rebellion of 1918-1921 and de-peasant-ation of Russia 1929-1933 (Tambovskoe vosstanie 1918-1921 gg. i raskrest'janivanie Rossii 1929-1933 gg.). "Posev". Moskva, 2004. (Library of Russian Studies. #9)
^ Gazaryan, S. That should not be repeated. "Zvezda". Leningrad, 1989.
^ Peter Hopkirk, Like Hidden Fire Kodansha, 1995.
^ "«Российский исторический журнал». Расстрел бакинских комиссаров: 80 лет спустя".
^ a b c Фаик Меджид. В Азербайджане против демонтажа мемориала 26 Бакинских комиссаров протестуют только левые (in Russian). kavkaz-uzel.ru. Retrieved 17 January 2009.
^ Мурсал Алиев. Продолжается демонтаж мемориала 26 Бакинских комиссаров в Баку (in Russian). 1news.az. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2009.
^ a b c Zeinalov, Magerram; Vardanian, Gegham (2009). "Azerbaijan: Outcry at Commissars' Reburial". Institute for War and Peace Reporting.
^ "Remains of Baku commissars uncovered in centre of Azerbaijani capital re-buried". ABC.AZ. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011.
^ "Во время раскопок могилы 26 бакинских комиссаров в Баку не были обнаружены останки трех человек - ОБНОВЛЕНО". Day.Az. 26 January 2009.
^ "Ъ-Газета - Бакинцы недосчитались комиссаров". kommersant.ru.
^ Peter Hopkirk, On Secret Service East of Constantinople: The Plot to Bring Down the British Empire, Oxford University Press, 1994, ISBN 9780192802309.
Minassian, Taline Ter (2014). "Some fresh news about the 26 commissars: Reginald Teague-Jones and the Transcaspian episode". Asian Affairs. 45 (1): 65–78. doi:10.1080/03068374.2013.872360. S2CID 159979990.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 26 Baku Commissars.
Nine Photos of past monuments dedicated to the 26 Baku Commissars, plus photo of the funeral. Azerbaijan International, Vol. 15:2–4 (2011), pp. 167–169.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=26_Baku_Commissars&oldid=1001605646"


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Q: Css trying to make first character in input field uppercase I am trying to make the first character in a input field uppercase.
So far I have tried:
input:first-letter {text-transform:capitalize !important}
input:first-letter {text-transform:uppercase !important}

I have also tried to make the input field styled display:block; and display:inline-block; but with no luck.
I am using the latest version of chrome. If I look in the inspector the
input:first-letter {text-transform:capitalize !important} is flagged to be active but it does not work.

I am open to any Jquery solutions as well
Thanks,

A: :first-letter wont work on input field. but it works without that.

So change it as input {text-transform:capitalize;} it works fine.
  see demo

it works fine without !important

input {text-transform:capitalize;}
<input/>

As you have mentioned in pure css way i have added the above method
Limitation: It will capitalize all words in the input box. In pure CSS it is not possible to capitalize only the first word as of now. you have to try the jquery way to do this as given below
Using jquery:-
using keyup event

$('input').keyup(function(){
    if($(this).val().length>0){
      var character = $(this).val().charAt(0);
      if(character!=character.toUpperCase()){
          $(this).val($(this).val().charAt(0).toUpperCase()+$(this).val().substr(1));
       }
     }
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<input/>

To work even on mouse events:- (like cut paste in mouse)
Using propertychange event by $('input').bind('input propertychange', function() {

$('input').bind('input propertychange', function() {
    if($(this).val().length>0){
      var character = $(this).val().charAt(0);
      if(character!=character.toUpperCase()){
          $(this).val($(this).val().charAt(0).toUpperCase()+$(this).val().substr(1));
       }
     }
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<input/>

A: You could use an onKeypress listener and capitalize the first character of the value. Keep in mind this function will run every time a key is pressed in that input

$( "#keypress" ).keypress(function() {
  var val = $(this).val();
  val = val.substr(0, 1).toUpperCase() + val.substr(1);
  $(this).val(val);
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<input id="keypress">

A: For text output, you can easily make only the first character uppercase by css.
.mytable td {
    text-transform:lowercase;
}
.mytable td:first-letter {
    text-transform:uppercase;
}

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Pulkovo Airport serves as the gateway to the city of St. Petersburg. At 4.6 million inhabitants, it is the second largest city in Russia. To sustain the city's economic growth, the airport has to accommodate an increasing number of travellers every year.
Situated 20km from downtown St. Petersburg, Pulkovo Airport is currently ranked as Russia's fourth largest aviation gateway after the three major Moscow airports. For some years already, Pulkovo Airport has been close to reaching maximum passenger capacity. In 2008, the City of St. Petersburg announced an international tender for a 30-year concession to develop and operate Pulkovo Airport. The tender was won by the consortium Northern Capital Gateway (NCG), with Ramboll supporting NCG as design consultants throughout the whole bidding process. In early 2010, NCG appointed Ramboll as lead designer of the project, which is one of the most ambitious aviation projects currently underway in Europe.
The modernisation project comprises a large-scale redevelopment and expansion of the existing airport. The airport redevelopment puts passenger capacity at approx. 14 million passengers per year, and holds the potential for increasing that number to 17 million in the near future (up from 8.4 million passengers in 2010). A new terminal building and pier are to be constructed, while the existing terminal building will be refurbished. Airside infrastructure and operational support facilities will undergo a major overhaul, and landside property development includes construction of a new four-star hotel, a business centre, and extensive parking facilities.
Ramboll in Russia, UK, and Denmark contributed to the success of the Pulkovo Airport modernisation project by combining their expertise within various engineering disciplines. This was most prominently demonstrated in the areas of master planning, environment, operational studies, and structural engineering. By working in a multi-disciplinary, cross-cultural environment, the project team delivered a highly sophisticated design project.


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Q: Creating a Windows XP installation flash drive in linux How can I create a bootable flash drive to install Windows XP from under Linux?
I have Ubuntu installed on my PC and want to install Windows XP parallelly. I already have an NTFS hard drive, so what I need is to install Windows there and make it available through a boot manager. I also have a Windows installation .iso.
So how to produce a ready-for-installation USB-stick from this?

A: OP asked how to make a USB windows XP intaller:
Unless you have a modified SETUPLDR.BIN, it won't work from USB directly.
Needed:
Modified SETUPLDR.BIN

special stuff in the bootsector of the partition (use ms-sys).

Modified copy of txtsetup.sif copied to the root level

NTDETECT.COM copied to root level

WinUSB does not do this, UNetBootin does not do this, the diskpart tutorial does not do this, WinToFlash does not do this, and bit-banging the iso onto the device with dd does not do this.
Rufus does this. However, it is a Windows-only utility (that is unsupported by Wine), so follow the tutorial here (the big post):
Make a bootable USB to install Windows XP from Linux
You could also try to use QEMU or VirtualBox where you actually make one of the VM's hard drives be your real target hard dirve, and simply have the hypervisor boot the iso like a CD (actual hardware emulation, not BIOS disk emulation that Grub4DOS does. Yes, a "real fake" as opposed to a "fake fake".).
Just note that you will need to make a second hardware profile, because Windows configures itself to a specific hardware configuration during the first part of the installation, and the hardware platform conjured by the hypervisor is not the same as your real hardware platform.
Not sure if this would work. I recommend imitating Rufus.
The method of loading the whole iso into memory and booting it usually results in a blue screen at some point. Firadisk stops that blue screen. If you really want to do that method, see this: http://diddy.boot-land.net/firadisk/files/win_iso_install.htm
Edit: Just tried Multisystem (a Linux app) for making a USB drive bootable into the XP installer. It does work, however, it uses the method of loading the whole iso into memory in conjunction with Firadisk, as the above link discusses.
Personally, I find Multisystem's specific solution to creating a USB XP installer undesirable. I had to install xterm and run an installation script that downloaded a bunch of stuff. The resultant USB drive of me only telling Multisystem to make it bootable from an XP installation iso included Grub2, Syslinux, Grub4DOS, a bootable Grub2 iso, Plop stuff, and a bunch of menu entries. You have to know to hit "Grub4DOS" under the first menu, the Grub2 menu, to get to the option to install XP. You'd think that if that's the only thing I want it bootable into, XP installation would be in the first menu (yes, I know, it's not possible with the Grub4DOS method, but how about a note in the menu?). Plus it has to load the whole iso into memory which takes both RAM and time. (What if system doesn't have enough RAM?)
And Multisystem insists on installing Grub2 every time you use it with a thumb drive (even if it's already installed) and even wanted to resize my thumb drive's partition. And puts a bunch of extra on there.
Note: must install Firadisk from the non-free tab for it to be able to make a USB XP installer. A howto I read said to also install Plop for creating a USB XP installer, but I don't see how this is needed.
Another Note: you must boot into the second phase of the XP installer with the Grub4DOS menu option to again load the iso into memory, which is still needed in the second phase. (As opposed to just booting into the target hard drive) That is, if you go for the RAM'ed iso + Firadisk method.
I recommend imitating what Rufus does. Just copy the files on and make a few tweaks.
Jake

A: The article Create A Bootable Windows 7 USB Drive From Linux (Tested On Ubuntu) describes the procedure. Below is a a summary of the steps :

*

*Install Gparted and format the USB drive to NTFS.

*Open UNetbootin, select "Diskimage" and then browse for your Windows 7 ISO file.

*Check "Show all Drives" box and select your USB drive, example "/dev/sdb1".
If the drive is "dev/sdb" then select "/dev/sdb1".

*Click "OK" button and wait for the files to be copied to the USB drive.

A: Since you already have a windows .iso, you may be able to make use of a tool like UNetbootin to make a bootable usb drive from the cd image.

A: Build 494 of unetbootin is used to support the "Show All Files" option to install on a NTFS formatted drive.


text:
New York Yankees complete manager Aaron Boone's coaches for 2022 season
Aaron Boones Coaches complete Manager season Yankees York
New York Yankees complete mana ...
NEW YORK – The New York Yankees completed manager Aaron Boone's coaching staff for 2022, including the additions of the hitting coach, and first and third base coaches.
Venezuelan Carlos Mendoza, bench coach; Matt Blake, pitching coach, and Tanner Swanson, catching coordinator, are back for their third season with the team.
Meanwhile, bullpen coach Mike Harkey is returning for his thirteenth year, the team reported Tuesday. The new staff members are Dillon Lawson, hitting coach; assistant coaches Eric Chávez and Casey Dykes; Luis Rojas, coach of third base and outfield; Travis Chapman, first base and infield coach, and Desi Druschel, pitching assistant.
New York fired hitting coach Marcus Thames; Third base coach Phil Nevin and hitting coach PJ Pilittere after going 92-70 and losing the wild card game to the Boston Red Sox. Reggie Willits, first base coach, left the team to coach at the University of Oklahoma.
Lawson, 36, was promoted after three years as New York's minor league hitting coordinator. He will be assisted on the offensive side by Chávez and Dykes. Chávez, 44, has 17 seasons of experience in the majors and spent the last five as a special assistant with the Los Angeles Angels.
Dykes, 31, was the hitting coach at Triple A Scranton / Wilkes-Barre last season.
Rojas was fired by the New York Mets in October after two chaotic seasons as manager. At 40, he spent 16 seasons with the Mets organization. He was replaced in Queens by Buck Showalter, who was introduced to the press on Tuesday.
Chapman enters his 10th season with the Yankees. His most recent role at age 43 was New York's minor league infielder coordinator.
Druschel, 46, has spent the past three seasons as the manager of pitching development.

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GASTRIC bands could help people with diabetes control their disease and help them reduce the amount of insulin or pills they are prescribed. Find out whether losing some weight may help you lower your blood pressure with our High Blood Pressure Risk Calculator. Read the latest medical research on diets and other weight loss methods. Consider the pros and cons of low carbohydrate diets, low fat diets, bariatric surgery. Jump to Different eating patterns for weight loss – Most of the weight loss diets that have evidence for.
Check out our list of the best weight loss apps for tracking your fitness. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates more .


I generally enjoy using Google+ - I find it serves a different purpose than Facebook . Facebook is all about friends and family swapping pictures and gossip, while G+ has evolved into a sprawling market of pet projects and technical discussions. With a little bit of work you can find people and communities whose interests match your own, and either passively follow or interact as you please.
But Google has got to do something about the Explore feature. This is supposed to show cool posts that many people have commented on,reshared, or +1ed. All sorts of random, interesting stuff shows up here. Unfortunately, so does a lot of "+1 if you like cookies" rubbish does as well, and it makes G+ seem like a bunch of idiots.
Part of the problem is an interesting difference between the design of G+ and Facebook. On Facebook it has become common for people to use a Facebook app to post a large picture to containing a (usually inane) slogan to their wall for anyone to see. These are hard to ignore in your news feed, but since they are posted by a third party app you can easily block them and all future posts from the same source without un-friending the sender. Almost nobody manually posts these pictures since the app is easier and doesn't pollute your own photo albums.
But on G+ it is easy to attach a single photo to a single post, and G+ will helpfully show a very large version to all your followers. Unlike Facebook apps, there is no way to block similar posts except by unfollowing that user or at least moving them to an out-of-the-way circle. And there is no way at all to disable these posts in the Explore section of the site, which has become a bit of a bore now that it has been invaded by self-promoters posting unoriginal content as large images.
If Google really want to improve G+, they should take a look at curating the Explore section to discourage posts of low value, even if they have many comments or +1s.
Or perhaps I am just bitter because nobody +1s me.


text:
// Copyright 2014 The Oppia Authors. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS-IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

/**
 * @fileoverview Directive for the feedback popup.
 */

// This directive is unusual in that it should only be invoked indirectly, as
// follows:
//
// <some-html-element popover-placement="bottom"
//                    popover-template="popover/feedback"
//                    popover-trigger="click" state-name="<[STATE_NAME]>">
// </some-html-element>
//
// The state-name argument is optional. If it is not provided, the feedback is
// assumed to apply to the exploration as a whole.
oppia.directive('feedbackPopup', [
  'ExplorationPlayerService', 'UrlInterpolationService',
  function(ExplorationPlayerService, UrlInterpolationService) {
    return {
      restrict: 'E',
      scope: {},
      templateUrl: UrlInterpolationService.getDirectiveTemplateUrl(
        '/pages/exploration_player/feedback_popup_directive.html'),
      controller: [
        '$scope', '$element', '$http', '$timeout', 'focusService',
        'alertsService', 'BackgroundMaskService', 'PlayerPositionService',
        'windowDimensionsService',
        function(
            $scope, $element, $http, $timeout, focusService,
            alertsService, BackgroundMaskService, PlayerPositionService,
            windowDimensionsService) {
          $scope.feedbackText = '';
          $scope.isSubmitterAnonymized = false;
          $scope.isLoggedIn = ExplorationPlayerService.isLoggedIn();
          $scope.feedbackSubmitted = false;
          // We generate a random id since there may be multiple popover
          // elements on the same page.
          $scope.feedbackPopoverId = (
            'feedbackPopover' + Math.random().toString(36).slice(2));

          if (windowDimensionsService.isWindowNarrow()) {
            BackgroundMaskService.activateMask();
          }

          focusService.setFocus($scope.feedbackPopoverId);

          var feedbackUrl = (
            '/explorehandler/give_feedback/' +
            ExplorationPlayerService.getExplorationId());

          var getTriggerElt = function() {
            // Find the popover trigger node (the one with a popover-template
            // attribute). This is also the DOM node that contains the state
            // name. Since the popover DOM node is inserted as a sibling to the
            // node, we therefore climb up the DOM tree until we find the
            // top-level popover element. The trigger will be one of its
            // siblings.
            //
            // If the trigger element cannot be found, a value of undefined is
            // returned. This could happen if the trigger is clicked while the
            // feedback confirmation message is being displayed.
            var elt = $element;
            var popoverChildElt = null;
            for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
              elt = elt.parent();
              if (!angular.isUndefined(elt.attr('popover-template-popup'))) {
                popoverChildElt = elt;
                break;
              }
            }
            if (!popoverChildElt) {
              console.log('Could not close popover element.');
              return undefined;
            }

            var popoverElt = popoverChildElt.parent();
            var triggerElt = null;
            var childElts = popoverElt.children();
            for (var i = 0; i < childElts.length; i++) {
              var childElt = $(childElts[i]);
              if (childElt.attr('popover-template')) {
                triggerElt = childElt;
                break;
              }
            }

            if (!triggerElt) {
              console.log('Could not find popover trigger.');
              return undefined;
            }

            return triggerElt;
          };

          $scope.saveFeedback = function() {
            if ($scope.feedbackText) {
              $http.post(feedbackUrl, {
                subject: '(Feedback from a learner)',
                feedback: $scope.feedbackText,
                include_author: (
                  !$scope.isSubmitterAnonymized && $scope.isLoggedIn),
                state_name: PlayerPositionService.getCurrentStateName()
              });
            }

            $scope.feedbackSubmitted = true;
            $timeout(function() {
              var triggerElt = getTriggerElt();
              if (triggerElt) {
                triggerElt.trigger('click');
              }
            }, 2000);
          };

          $scope.closePopover = function() {
            // Closing the popover is done by clicking on the popover trigger.
            // The timeout is needed to postpone the click event to
            // the subsequent digest cycle. Otherwise, an "$apply already
            // in progress" error is raised.
            $timeout(function() {
              getTriggerElt().trigger('click');
            });
            BackgroundMaskService.deactivateMask();
          };

          $scope.$on('$destroy', function() {
            BackgroundMaskService.deactivateMask();
          });
        }
      ]
    };
  }
]);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Is never without a book or two.
Street Market reveals the popular foods.
What do you add to make a healthy meal?
Those working with opaque glass.
Ever been shopping and if not yours but another parent's kid gets cranky and screams? I always put it done to a very tired kid who has just had enough of shopping. What do you think and have you ever been the parent with the cranky kid? I have had a little taste of this and more of trying to catch up with the '100 metre dash' through the store aisles..
What timely help can you recall?
When you were low, did you bawl?
Which friend in your address book answered?
How many times did you ask for it to be heard?
Why was your joy overflowing over and over?


Rose gold has become a major favorite over the past few years & some say it's one of the most romantic due to its blush hue.
It's rosy coloring comes from mixing copper in with gold which also adds additional durability & depending on how much copper is added will determine how rose the setting will be. Adding more gold and making it an 18k rose gold engagement ring will give it a lovely peachy glow.
Our Gwendolyn Halo Ring in 14k rose gold & our Augusta Wedding Band in 14k yellow gold go so beautifully together. We can also custom make an engagement ring to suit your vision.


text:
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
This document specifies saddle and seat-post test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité pour les bicyclettes — Partie 9: Méthodes d'essai des selles et des tiges de selles
43.150 - Cycles
ISO/TC 149/SC 1 - Cycles and major sub-assemblies
ISO/TC 149/SC 1/WG 13 - Revision of the series of ISO 4210:2014 and ISO 8098:2014
ISO 4210-9:2014 - Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods
ISO 4210-9:2023 - Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 9: Saddles and seat-post test methods Released:11. 01. 2023
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4210-9
Cycles — Safety requirements for
bicycles —
Saddles and seat-post test methods
Cycles — Exigences de sécurité pour les bicyclettes —
Partie 9: Méthodes d'essai des selles et des tiges de selles
ISO 4210-9:2023(E)
4 Test methods ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1
4.2 Saddle/seat-post — Security test .......................................................................................................................................... 1
4.3 Saddle and saddle rail — Static strength test ............................................................................................................. 2
4.3.1 Saddle — Static strength test ................................................................................................................................. 2
4.3.2 Saddle rail (composite) — Static strength test ....................................................................................... 3
4.4 Saddle and seat-post assembly — Fatigue test .......................................................................................................... 4
4.4.2 Test method ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4
4.5 Seat-post — Fatigue test and static strength test ................................................................................................... 5
4.5.2 Test method for stage 1 (fatigue test).............................................................................................................. 5
4.5.3 Test method for stage 2 (static strength test) .......................................................................................... 7
4.5.4 Suspension seat-post — Static test .................................................................................................................... 8
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 149, Cycles, Subcommittee SC 1, Cycles
and major sub-assemblies, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 333, Cycles, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4210-9:2014), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— improvement of 4.3.1;
— addition of 4.3.2;
— improvement of 4.4;
— addition of test condition for dropper/suspension dropper seat-post in 4.5;
— 4.5.3 has been changed to be only applicable if the seat-post is known to be constructed from
composite materials;
— addition of 4.5.4.
A list of all parts in the ISO 4210 series can be found on the ISO website.
This document has been developed in response to demand throughout the world, and the aim has been
to ensure that bicycles manufactured in conformity with this document will be as safe as is practically
possible. The tests have been designed to ensure the strength and durability of individual parts as well
as of the bicycle as a whole, demanding high quality throughout, and consideration of safety aspects
from the design stage onwards.
The scope has been limited to safety considerations and has specifically avoided standardization of
If the bicycle should be used on public roads, national regulations apply.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4210-9:2023(E)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles —
This document specifies saddle and seat-post test methods for ISO 4210-2.
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4210-1, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO 4210-2:2023, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking,
young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
ISO 4210-3:2023, Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 3: Common test methods
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4210-1 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
4 Test methods
If a suspension seat-post is involved, the test may be conducted with the suspension system either free
to operate or locked. If it is locked, the pillar shall b
ISO 4210-1:2023(Main)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 1: Vocabulary
This document specifies terms and definitions related to safety and performance requirements for the design, assembly, and testing of bicycles and sub-assemblies having maximum saddle height 635 mm or more. This document does not apply to specialized types of bicycle such as delivery bicycles, recumbent bicycles, tandems, BMX bicycles, and bicycles designed and equipped for use in severe applications such as sanctioned competition events, stunting, or aerobatic manoeuvres. NOTE For bicycles with a maximum saddle height of 435 mm or less, see national regulations for ride-on toys, and with a maximum saddle height of more than 435 mm and less than 635 mm, see ISO 8098.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 8: Pedal and drive system test methods
This document specifies pedal and drive system test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 3: Common test methods
This document specifies the common test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 6: Frame and fork test methods
This document specifies the frame and fork test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 7: Wheel and rim test methods
This document specifies wheel and rim test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
This document specifies safety and performance requirements for the design, assembly, and testing of bicycles and sub-assemblies, and lays down guidelines for manufacturer's instructions on the use and care of such bicycles. This document applies to young adult bicycles with maximum saddle height of 635 mm or more and less than 750 mm, city and trekking bicycles, mountain bicycles, and racing bicycles that have a maximum saddle height of 635 mm or more including folding bicycles. This document does not apply to specialized types of bicycle, such as delivery bicycles, recumbent bicycles, tandems, BMX bicycles, and bicycles designed and equipped for use in severe applications such as sanctioned competition events, stunting, or aerobatic manoeuvres. NOTE For bicycles with a maximum saddle height of 435 mm or less, see national regulations for ride-on toys, and with a maximum saddle height of more than 435 mm and less than 635 mm, see ISO 8098.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 5: Steering test methods
This document specifies the steering test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 4: Braking test methods
This document specifies the braking test methods for ISO 4210‑2.
ISO 8098:2023(Main)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles for young children
This document specifies safety and performance requirements and test methods for the design, assembly and testing of fully assembled bicycles and sub-assemblies for young children. It also provides guidelines for instructions on the use and care of the bicycles. This document is applicable to bicycles with a maximum saddle height of more than 435 mm and less than 635 mm, propelled by a transmitted drive to the rear wheel. It is not applicable to special bicycles intended for performing stunts (e.g. BMX bicycles). NOTE For bicycles with a maximum saddle height of 435 mm or less, see national regulations for ride-on toys, and with a maximum saddle height of 635 mm or more, see ISO 4210-1 to ISO 4210-9.
ISO/TS 4210-10:2020(Main)
Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles — Part 10: Safety requirements for electrically power assisted cycles (EPACs)
This document specifies safety and performance requirements for the design, marking, assembly, and testing of two wheeled electrically power assisted cycles (hereafter EPACs), fully-assembled EPACs and subassemblies, and provides guidelines for information supplied by the manufacturers (i.e. instructions on the use and care of such EPACs). This document applies to two wheeled EPACs that have a maximum saddle height of 635 mm or more and are intended for private and commercial use with exception of EPACs intended for hire from unattended stations. This document is intended to cover all common significant hazards, hazardous situations and events listed in 5.3 of EPACs, when used as intended or under conditions of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document specifies requirements and test methods for engine power management systems, electrical circuits including the charger for the assessment of the design and assembly of EPACs and sub-assemblies for systems having a Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) maximum voltage up to 60 V d.c. including tolerances.


text:
package main

import (
	"encoding/base64"
	"encoding/binary"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"os"
	"path/filepath"

	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/chaincode"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/chaincode/shim"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/chaincode/shim/crypto/attr"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/container"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/crypto"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/db"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/ledger"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/core/util"
	"github.com/hyperledger/fabric/membersrvc/ca"
	pb "github.com/hyperledger/fabric/protos"
	"github.com/op/go-logging"
	"github.com/spf13/viper"
	"golang.org/x/net/context"
	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/grpclog"
)

const (
	chaincodeStartupTimeoutDefault int = 5000
)

var (
	testLogger = logging.MustGetLogger("test")

	lis net.Listener

	administrator crypto.Client
	alice         crypto.Client
	bob           crypto.Client

	server *grpc.Server
	aca    *ca.ACA
	eca    *ca.ECA
	tca    *ca.TCA
	tlsca  *ca.TLSCA
)

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
	removeFolders()
	setup()
	go initMembershipSrvc()

	fmt.Println("Wait for some secs for OBCCA")
	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)

	go initVP()

	fmt.Println("Wait for some secs for VP")
	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)

	go initAssetManagementChaincode()

	fmt.Println("Wait for some secs for Chaincode")
	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)

	if err := initClients(); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println("Wait for 5 secs for chaincode to be started")
	time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)

	ret := m.Run()

	closeListenerAndSleep(lis)

	defer removeFolders()
	os.Exit(ret)
}

//Test if the test chaincode can be succsessfully deployed
func TestChaincodeDeploy(t *testing.T) {
	// Administrator deploy the chaicode
	adminCert, err := administrator.GetTCertificateHandlerNext()
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if err := deploy(adminCert); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
}

//TestAuthorization tests attribute based role access control by making sure
//only callers with "issuer" role are allowed to invoke the ```assign```
//method to allocate assets to investors.
func TestAuthorization(t *testing.T) {
	// test authorization, alice is not the issuer so she must not be allowed to

	// create certs carring account IDs for Alice
	aliceCert, err := alice.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account1", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	//assign assets (This must fail)
	if err := assignOwnership(alice, aliceCert, "account1", "1000"); err == nil {
		t.Fatal("Alice doesn't have the assigner role. Assignment should fail.")
	} else {
		fmt.Println(err)
		fmt.Println("------------------------------------------------------------")
		fmt.Println("------------------------------------------------------------")
		fmt.Println("------------------------------PASS -------------------------")
		fmt.Println("------------------------------------------------------------")
		fmt.Println("------------------------------------------------------------")
	}
}

// TestAssigningAssets the tests the ```assign``` method by making sure
// authorized users (callers with 'issuer' role) can use the ```assign```
// method to allocate assets to its investors
func TestAssigningAssets(t *testing.T) {

	// create certs carring account IDs for Alice and Bob
	aliceCert1, err := alice.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account1", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	aliceCert2, err := alice.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account2", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	aliceCert3, err := alice.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account3", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	bobCert1, err := bob.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account1", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	//issuer assign balances to assets to first batch of owners
	if err := assignOwnership(administrator, aliceCert1, "account1", "100"); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if err := assignOwnership(administrator, aliceCert2, "account2", "200"); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if err := assignOwnership(administrator, aliceCert3, "account3", "300"); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if err := assignOwnership(administrator, bobCert1, "account1", "1000"); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	aliceAccountID1, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account1", aliceCert1.GetCertificate())
	aliceAccountID2, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account2", aliceCert2.GetCertificate())
	aliceAccountID3, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account3", aliceCert3.GetCertificate())
	bobAccountID1, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account1", bobCert1.GetCertificate())

	// Check if balances are assigned correctly
	alice1BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID1))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	alicebalance1 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(alice1BalanceRaw)
	if alicebalance1 != 100 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance does not equal to 100")
	}

	alice2BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID2))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	alicebalance2 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(alice2BalanceRaw)
	if alicebalance2 != 200 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance does not equal to 200")
	}

	alice3BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID3))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	alicebalance3 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(alice3BalanceRaw)
	if alicebalance3 != 300 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance does not equal to 300")
	}

	bob1BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(bobAccountID1))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	bobbalance1 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(bob1BalanceRaw)
	if bobbalance1 != 1000 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance does not equal to 1000")
	}

	//check if contact info is correctly saved into the chaincode state ledger
	aliceContactInfo, err := getOwnerContactInformation(string(aliceAccountID1))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if string(aliceContactInfo) != "alice@gmail.com" {
		t.Fatal("retreived contact info does not equal to alice@gmail.com")
	}

	bobContactInfo, err := getOwnerContactInformation(string(bobAccountID1))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	if string(bobContactInfo) != "bob@yahoo.com" {
		t.Fatal("retreived contact info does not equal to bob@gmail.com")
	}
}

//test the ability to transfer assets from owner account IDs to new owner account ID
func TestAssetTransfer(t *testing.T) {

	//test transfer
	// create a new cert for alice used to transfer assets
	// (note this cert include multiple account Ids belong to alice)
	aliceCert, err := alice.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account1", "account2", "account3")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	// create a new cert for bob to recieve transfer from Alice
	// note "account2" is a new account ID that was never used before. Since this new account ID
	// will create a new record on the account ledger, you must also pass in all required parameters
	// required to create a new account record in chaincode state (such as user contact info)
	bobCert, err := bob.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role", "account2", "contactInfo")
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	//transfer 200 assets from Alice to Bob
	if nil != transferOwnership(alice, aliceCert, "account1,account2,account3", bobCert, "account2", "200") {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	/***********************
		Codes below check if assets are correctly transfered, first find the actual
		account IDs from cert attributes, then call the getBalance method on the
		chaincode for each account ID
	***********************/

	// check that 200 assets have been transfered to Bob; first step is to collect account Ids
	aliceAccountID1, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account1", aliceCert.GetCertificate())
	aliceAccountID2, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account2", aliceCert.GetCertificate())
	aliceAccountID3, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account3", aliceCert.GetCertificate())
	bobAccountID2, err := attr.GetValueFrom("account2", bobCert.GetCertificate())

	//account1 of alice shouldn't have any balance left, and the account should have been
	//deleted from the asset depository
	alice1BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID1))
	fmt.Println("alice balance", alice1BalanceRaw)

	if alice1BalanceRaw != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println("alice balance", alice1BalanceRaw)

	// account2 of alice should still have 100 left on its balance
	alice2BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID2))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	alicebalance2 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(alice2BalanceRaw)
	if alicebalance2 != 100 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance for account1 (alice) does not equal to 100")
	}

	// account3 of alice should still have 300 left on its balance
	alice3BalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(aliceAccountID3))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	alicebalance3 := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(alice3BalanceRaw)
	if alicebalance3 != 300 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance for account1 (alice) does not equal to 300")
	}

	// account2 of bob should now have 200 on its balance
	bobBalanceRaw, err := getBalance(string(bobAccountID2))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	bobbalance := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(bobBalanceRaw)
	if bobbalance != 200 {
		t.Fatal("retreived balance for account2 (bob) does not equal to 200")
	}

}

func deploy(admCert crypto.CertificateHandler) error {
	// Prepare the spec. The metadata includes the role of the users allowed to assign assets
	spec := &pb.ChaincodeSpec{
		Type:                 1,
		ChaincodeID:          &pb.ChaincodeID{Name: "mycc"},
		CtorMsg:              &pb.ChaincodeInput{Args: util.ToChaincodeArgs("init")},
		Metadata:             []byte("issuer"),
		ConfidentialityLevel: pb.ConfidentialityLevel_PUBLIC,
	}

	// First build and get the deployment spec
	var ctx = context.Background()
	chaincodeDeploymentSpec, err := getDeploymentSpec(ctx, spec)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	tid := chaincodeDeploymentSpec.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeID.Name

	// Now create the Transactions message and send to Peer.
	transaction, err := administrator.NewChaincodeDeployTransaction(chaincodeDeploymentSpec, tid)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s ", err)
	}

	ledger, err := ledger.GetLedger()
	ledger.BeginTxBatch("1")
	_, _, err = chaincode.Execute(ctx, chaincode.GetChain(chaincode.DefaultChain), transaction)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s", err)
	}
	ledger.CommitTxBatch("1", []*pb.Transaction{transaction}, nil, nil)

	return err
}

func assignOwnership(assigner crypto.Client, newOwnerCert crypto.CertificateHandler, attributeName string, amount string) error {
	// Get a transaction handler to be used to submit the execute transaction
	// and bind the chaincode access control logic using the binding
	submittingCertHandler, err := assigner.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	txHandler, err := submittingCertHandler.GetTransactionHandler()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	chaincodeInput := &pb.ChaincodeInput{Args: util.ToChaincodeArgs("assignOwnership", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(newOwnerCert.GetCertificate()), attributeName, amount)}

	// Prepare spec and submit
	spec := &pb.ChaincodeSpec{
		Type:                 1,
		ChaincodeID:          &pb.ChaincodeID{Name: "mycc"},
		CtorMsg:              chaincodeInput,
		ConfidentialityLevel: pb.ConfidentialityLevel_PUBLIC,
	}

	var ctx = context.Background()
	chaincodeInvocationSpec := &pb.ChaincodeInvocationSpec{ChaincodeSpec: spec}

	tid := chaincodeInvocationSpec.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeID.Name

	// Now create the Transactions message and send to Peer.
	transaction, err := txHandler.NewChaincodeExecute(chaincodeInvocationSpec, tid)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s ", err)
	}

	ledger, err := ledger.GetLedger()
	ledger.BeginTxBatch("1")
	_, _, err = chaincode.Execute(ctx, chaincode.GetChain(chaincode.DefaultChain), transaction)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s", err)
	}
	ledger.CommitTxBatch("1", []*pb.Transaction{transaction}, nil, nil)

	return err
}

func transferOwnership(owner crypto.Client, ownerCert crypto.CertificateHandler, fromAttributes string,
	newOwnerCert crypto.CertificateHandler, toAttributes string, amount string) error {
	// Get a transaction handler to be used to submit the execute transaction
	// and bind the chaincode access control logic using the binding

	submittingCertHandler, err := owner.GetTCertificateHandlerNext("role")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	txHandler, err := submittingCertHandler.GetTransactionHandler()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	chaincodeInput := &pb.ChaincodeInput{Args: util.ToChaincodeArgs(
		"transferOwnership",
		base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(ownerCert.GetCertificate()),
		fromAttributes,
		base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(newOwnerCert.GetCertificate()),
		toAttributes,
		amount)}

	// Prepare spec and submit
	spec := &pb.ChaincodeSpec{
		Type:                 1,
		ChaincodeID:          &pb.ChaincodeID{Name: "mycc"},
		CtorMsg:              chaincodeInput,
		ConfidentialityLevel: pb.ConfidentialityLevel_PUBLIC,
	}

	var ctx = context.Background()
	chaincodeInvocationSpec := &pb.ChaincodeInvocationSpec{ChaincodeSpec: spec}

	tid := chaincodeInvocationSpec.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeID.Name

	// Now create the Transactions message and send to Peer.
	transaction, err := txHandler.NewChaincodeExecute(chaincodeInvocationSpec, tid)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s ", err)
	}

	ledger, err := ledger.GetLedger()
	ledger.BeginTxBatch("1")
	_, _, err = chaincode.Execute(ctx, chaincode.GetChain(chaincode.DefaultChain), transaction)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s", err)
	}
	ledger.CommitTxBatch("1", []*pb.Transaction{transaction}, nil, nil)

	return err

}

func getOwnerContactInformation(accountID string) ([]byte, error) {
	return Query("getOwnerContactInformation", accountID)
}

func getBalance(accountID string) ([]byte, error) {
	return Query("getBalance", accountID)
}

func Query(function, accountID string) ([]byte, error) {
	chaincodeInput := &pb.ChaincodeInput{Args: util.ToChaincodeArgs(function, accountID)}

	// Prepare spec and submit
	spec := &pb.ChaincodeSpec{
		Type:                 1,
		ChaincodeID:          &pb.ChaincodeID{Name: "mycc"},
		CtorMsg:              chaincodeInput,
		ConfidentialityLevel: pb.ConfidentialityLevel_PUBLIC,
	}

	var ctx = context.Background()
	chaincodeInvocationSpec := &pb.ChaincodeInvocationSpec{ChaincodeSpec: spec}

	tid := chaincodeInvocationSpec.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeID.Name

	// Now create the Transactions message and send to Peer.
	transaction, err := administrator.NewChaincodeQuery(chaincodeInvocationSpec, tid)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s ", err)
	}

	ledger, err := ledger.GetLedger()
	ledger.BeginTxBatch("1")
	result, _, err := chaincode.Execute(ctx, chaincode.GetChain(chaincode.DefaultChain), transaction)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error deploying chaincode: %s", err)
	}
	ledger.CommitTxBatch("1", []*pb.Transaction{transaction}, nil, nil)

	return result, err
}

func setup() {
	// Conf
	viper.SetConfigName("asset") // name of config file (without extension)
	viper.AddConfigPath(".")     // path to look for the config file in
	err := viper.ReadInConfig()  // Find and read the config file
	if err != nil {              // Handle errors reading the config file
		panic(fmt.Errorf("Fatal error config file [%s] \n", err))
	}

	// Logging
	var formatter = logging.MustStringFormatter(
		`%{color}[%{module}] %{shortfunc} [%{shortfile}] -> %{level:.4s} %{id:03x}%{color:reset} %{message}`,
	)
	logging.SetFormatter(formatter)

	logging.SetLevel(logging.DEBUG, "peer")
	logging.SetLevel(logging.DEBUG, "chaincode")
	logging.SetLevel(logging.DEBUG, "cryptochain")

	// Init the crypto layer
	if err := crypto.Init(); err != nil {
		panic(fmt.Errorf("Failed initializing the crypto layer [%s]", err))
	}

	removeFolders()

	// Start db
	db.Start()
}

func initMembershipSrvc() {
	// ca.LogInit seems to have been removed
	//ca.LogInit(ioutil.Discard, os.Stdout, os.Stdout, os.Stderr, os.Stdout)
	ca.CacheConfiguration() // Cache configuration
	aca = ca.NewACA()
	eca = ca.NewECA(aca)
	tca = ca.NewTCA(eca)
	tlsca = ca.NewTLSCA(eca)

	var opts []grpc.ServerOption
	if viper.GetBool("peer.pki.tls.enabled") {
		// TLS configuration
		creds, err := credentials.NewServerTLSFromFile(
			filepath.Join(viper.GetString("server.rootpath"), "tlsca.cert"),
			filepath.Join(viper.GetString("server.rootpath"), "tlsca.priv"),
		)
		if err != nil {
			panic("Failed creating credentials for Membersrvc: " + err.Error())
		}
		opts = []grpc.ServerOption{grpc.Creds(creds)}
	}

	fmt.Printf("open socket...\n")
	sockp, err := net.Listen("tcp", viper.GetString("server.port"))
	if err != nil {
		panic("Cannot open port: " + err.Error())
	}
	fmt.Printf("open socket...done\n")

	server = grpc.NewServer(opts...)

	aca.Start(server)
	eca.Start(server)
	tca.Start(server)
	tlsca.Start(server)

	fmt.Printf("start serving...\n")
	server.Serve(sockp)
}

func initVP() {
	var opts []grpc.ServerOption
	if viper.GetBool("peer.tls.enabled") {
		creds, err := credentials.NewServerTLSFromFile(viper.GetString("peer.tls.cert.file"), viper.GetString("peer.tls.key.file"))
		if err != nil {
			grpclog.Fatalf("Failed to generate credentials %v", err)
		}
		opts = []grpc.ServerOption{grpc.Creds(creds)}
	}
	grpcServer := grpc.NewServer(opts...)

	//lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", viper.GetString("peer.address"))

	//use a different address than what we usually use for "peer"
	//we override the peerAddress set in chaincode_support.go
	peerAddress := "0.0.0.0:40404"
	var err error
	lis, err = net.Listen("tcp", peerAddress)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	getPeerEndpoint := func() (*pb.PeerEndpoint, error) {
		return &pb.PeerEndpoint{ID: &pb.PeerID{Name: "testpeer"}, Address: peerAddress}, nil
	}

	ccStartupTimeout := time.Duration(chaincodeStartupTimeoutDefault) * time.Millisecond
	userRunsCC := true

	// Install security object for peer
	var secHelper crypto.Peer
	if viper.GetBool("security.enabled") {
		enrollID := viper.GetString("security.enrollID")
		enrollSecret := viper.GetString("security.enrollSecret")
		var err error

		if viper.GetBool("peer.validator.enabled") {
			testLogger.Debugf("Registering validator with enroll ID: %s", enrollID)
			if err = crypto.RegisterValidator(enrollID, nil, enrollID, enrollSecret); nil != err {
				panic(err)
			}
			testLogger.Debugf("Initializing validator with enroll ID: %s", enrollID)
			secHelper, err = crypto.InitValidator(enrollID, nil)
			if nil != err {
				panic(err)
			}
		} else {
			testLogger.Debugf("Registering non-validator with enroll ID: %s", enrollID)
			if err = crypto.RegisterPeer(enrollID, nil, enrollID, enrollSecret); nil != err {
				panic(err)
			}
			testLogger.Debugf("Initializing non-validator with enroll ID: %s", enrollID)
			secHelper, err = crypto.InitPeer(enrollID, nil)
			if nil != err {
				panic(err)
			}
		}
	}

	pb.RegisterChaincodeSupportServer(grpcServer,
		chaincode.NewChaincodeSupport(chaincode.DefaultChain, getPeerEndpoint, userRunsCC,
			ccStartupTimeout, secHelper))

	grpcServer.Serve(lis)
}

func initAssetManagementChaincode() {
	err := shim.Start(new(AssetManagementChaincode))
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func initClients() error {
	// Administrator
	if err := crypto.RegisterClient("admin", nil, "admin", "6avZQLwcUe9b"); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	var err error
	administrator, err = crypto.InitClient("admin", nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Alice
	if err := crypto.RegisterClient("alice", nil, "alice", "NPKYL39uKbkj"); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	alice, err = crypto.InitClient("alice", nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Bob
	if err := crypto.RegisterClient("bob", nil, "bob", "DRJ23pEQl16a"); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	bob, err = crypto.InitClient("bob", nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func closeListenerAndSleep(l net.Listener) {
	l.Close()
	time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
}

func getDeploymentSpec(context context.Context, spec *pb.ChaincodeSpec) (*pb.ChaincodeDeploymentSpec, error) {
	fmt.Printf("getting deployment spec for chaincode spec: %v\n", spec)
	var codePackageBytes []byte
	//if we have a name, we don't need to deploy (we are in userRunsCC mode)
	if spec.ChaincodeID.Name == "" {
		var err error
		codePackageBytes, err = container.GetChaincodePackageBytes(spec)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}
	chaincodeDeploymentSpec := &pb.ChaincodeDeploymentSpec{ChaincodeSpec: spec, CodePackage: codePackageBytes}
	return chaincodeDeploymentSpec, nil
}

func removeFolders() {
	fmt.Println("-------------------------")
	if err := os.RemoveAll(viper.GetString("peer.fileSystemPath")); err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Failed removing [%s] [%s]\n", "hyperledger", err)
	}
}


According to the CDC, falls are the leading cause of injury death for Americans 65 and older. A checklist that assess fall risk in the health care setting helped reduce fall injuries to half.
Effective training program teaches hospital care providers how to support their peers traumatized by stressful events at work.
Version 11 of the Johns Hopkins ACG System improves upon award-winning health care analytics tools to identify high-risk patients, assess and stratify populations, and more.
Can Cancer be Managed at Work?
Connected to Johns Hopkins Solutions!
patients and the clinicians who treat them.


The Truck mixer F7000 is the greatest model of the DIECI Truck mixers series. Specifically designed for heavy and intensive use.
The vehicle is equipped with front self-locking Axle, servo-controlled 2 speed transmission gearbox, hydrostatic transmission, 4 driving and steering wheels with braking on all wheels, oil-bath disc brakes, discharge chute adjustable in height and with 180° rotationThe proven design of the spiral blades allows homogeneous mixing in all sectionsThe high thickness of the steel used for the mixing drum ensures its dimensional stability and long lifeThe cab, already at the top for ergonomics, comfort and safety devices, is ROPS-FOPS approved and equipped with reversible driver's seatIt can be equipped with electronic weighing system with printer, high-pressure washing pump, closed soundproof cab with heating.


text:
ABA therapy>
Children with ASD Shine the Light with Community Service
Post author:Team BASS
Post category:ABA therapy
Shining like bright lights in the pandemic's darkness are adults and children with autism, whose charity-filled hearts have been touching the hearts of those around them. Here are three who have especially touched our hearts here at BASS.
BASS ABA Therapy Salutes Jack's Art for Charity
Jack Berry is a 14-year old English teenager who loves aviation. A child with ASD and selectively mute, he began drawing airplanes last summer during the pandemic. Initially inspired by his grandfather's work on Concorde, Jack has now channeled his love of airplanes into a book to help military charities. Adam Collins, the squadron leader of Red Arrows of the Royal Air Force, has praised his work as "inspirational."
Jack's book, entitled Flying High in the Sunlit Silence, illustrates a wide range of aircraft. Each model is accompanied by details explaining its history, each written by military experts and pilots. Contributors also include Formula 1 drivers Lando Norris and David Coulthard and Red Bull designer Adrian Newey.
His mother Sara Berry shared with the BBC, "He's always drawn and will do it either to calm himself down or as a way of saying 'thank you' to someone. The pandemic has been draining for me as a parent and for Jack, but this has given us a chance to bond."
Proceeds from the book will be donated to three charities of Jack's choice: SSAFA's Forces Additional Needs and Disability Forum, Lincolnshire's Lancaster Association, and International Bomber Command Centre.
The eBook and print versions of Jack's book are available on Amazon UK.
Santa in a Seven Year Old
During Christmas, Rasul Bey, a seven year old child with autism in Philadelphia, saw that his school was having a toy drive. Although he had been diligently saving his money to buy a Nintendo Switch, the second grader decided to use his savings, along with funds from family and friends, to purchase gifts for the toy drive.
His mom, a school bus monitor, has been unemployed since the start of the pandemic and knew she would be unable to afford the expensive gaming system. She had to gently remind Rasul that it would not be likely Santa would be able to bring him a Nintendo Switch this year. He still made the decision to purchase 300 toys to donate to his schoolmates at the Philadelphia Charter School of Arts and Sciences in Northwood.
Image Credit: Philadelphia Inquirer
Yet like begets like, and when families heard about Rasul Bey through the Philadelphia Inquirer, many offered to buy the Nintendo system for the sweet child. The Lerman family personally delivered one to him just in time for Christmas.
Donations for the family can be sent care of his Principal Judith Taggart at 1197 Haworth St., Philadelphia, PA 19124.
Planting Kindness like Wildflowers
Paige Howell in Delaware lives by her motto: "If we all do one act of kindness daily, we just might set the world in the right direction." For the last four years, Paige's Kindness Project has been gracing her community with gifts, donations, and her time.
Her mother, Lillian Frey, said that her family discovered serving others lifted their own spirits, especially when Howell's health challenges as a child with ASD were a heavy weight. "We just keep moving forward," Frey said. "If we're having a really bad day around here, everybody just snaps into [a] mode of 'OK, let's make something good out of a bad situation,'" Lillian shared with Delaware Online.
Howell's desire to help others has been a strong, daily driving force, whether it's feeding the homeless, visiting the elderly, or encouraging police officers and construction workers. This Valentine's Day, she made bouquets of lollipops in flower pots to cheer up local business owners. Her charity has been especially important in the pandemic in letting people know they are not alone.
Her goal is to eventually establish a non-profit, where she can work on larger projects of charity with a team of people who are also differently abled.
To support Paige's Kindness Project, donate on her GoFundMe page.
Your child's unique talents and passions can be an excellent roadmap for creative ways to serve the community. Brainstorm ideas together on how your child might like to help the community. Would he like to bake cookies to take to an elderly neighbor? Or would she like to draw cards to cheer up frontline workers? Or perhaps a beautification project for the neighborhood? See where your child's interests are, and the ideas will bloom. In addition to improving the community, serving will also help enhance your child's independence and the social skills they have been cultivating through ABA therapy.
If your child and family are interested in volunteering with an organization, Autism Empowerment partners with local and statewide groups to help find volunteer opportunities. Working together on a service project is an empowering way for families to bond together while making the world a better place.
A Bright Future of Neurodiverse Employment for Children with ASD
Year in Review: Landmark Autism Therapy Research
Autism in Covid Times
Autism 101
3 Animal Friends Proven to Boost Autism Therapy
On the Autism Spectrum : Elon Musk, Movie Stars and a Nobel Laureate
Lessons Learned: Safe Autism Therapy through COVID
Team BASS on Does My Child Have Autism?
turkce izle on Does My Child Have Autism?


Loved the featured image…wow! Keep writing and keep sharing!
Featured image is wonderful… keep writing and keep sharing!
I see these little birds often along the shores of a nearby lake and along the river's edge. Beautiful shot!
Curious about the information: What are/were the "market hunters"?
Great shot- and thanks for the chuckle!
Lovely photograph of the plover. We had a colony of plovers at the beach near my former home in California several years ago. Pretty little shorebirds. Have a great day!


text:
La galería de los doce sevillanos ilustres es un conjunto de doce esculturas ubicado en el Palacio de San Telmo de la ciudad de Sevilla.

Antonio de Orleans, duque de Montpensier y dueño entonces del palacio, encargó al escultor Antonio Susillo el grupo de doce esculturas, que realizó en 1895. Las esculturas se disponen sobre la balaustrada de la puerta de coches del palacio, coronando la fachada de la calle Palos de la Frontera, en dirección al Hotel Alfonso XIII.

Las esculturas representan a doce personalidades, nueve de ellas nacidas en la ciudad, mientras que las otras tres restantes vivieron y murieron en ella. Estas personas fueron:
 Juan Martínez Montañés (1568-1649), escultor nacido en Alcalá la Real (Jaén), completó su educación en Sevilla, donde se estableció para el resto de su vida, convirtiéndose en el máximo exponente de la escuela sevillana de escultura.

 Rodrigo Ponce de León y Núñez (1443-1492), noble y militar nacido en Arcos de la Frontera (Cádiz), II marqués y I duque de Cádiz, destacado por ser uno de los principales capitanes de los Reyes Católicos en la Guerra de Granada.

 Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (1599-1660), pintor barroco, considerado uno de los máximos exponentes de la pintura española y maestro de la pintura universal.

 Miguel Mañara Vicentelo de Leca (1627-1679), filántropo y religioso de ascendencia italiana, fundador del hospital de la Caridad.

 Lope de Rueda (1510-1565), uno de los primeros actores profesionales españoles, dramaturgo y director de teatro, considerado el precursor del Siglo de Oro del teatro comercial en España.

 Diego Ortiz de Zúñiga (1636-1680), historiador y genealogista, reconocido sobre todo por su obra Annales Eclesiásticos y Seculares de la muy Noble y muy Leal Ciudad de Sevilla, Metrópoli de Andalucía, publicada en 1677.

 Fernando de Herrera (1534-1597), apodado «el Divino», escritor del Siglo de Oro, conocido especialmente por su obra poética.

 Luis Daoíz (1767-1808), militar destacado por su participación en el levantamiento del 2 de mayo de la Guerra de la Independencia española.

 Benito Arias Montano (1527-1598), humanista, hebraísta, biólogo y escritor políglota nacido en Fregenal de la Sierra (Badajoz), que se formó en la ciudad, a la que regresó en su retiro tras una fructífera carrera.

 Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1617-1682), pintor barroco considerado figura central de la escuela sevillana de pintura, con un elevado número de discípulos y seguidores.

 Fernando Afán de Ribera y Téllez-Girón (1583-1637), noble, diplomático y hombre de estado, también fue mecenas de las bellas artes, destacando su biblioteca en su residencia de la Casa de Pilatos.

 Bartolomé de las Casas (1484-1566), cronista, teólogo, filósofo y jurista, que ocupó la dignidad de obispo de Chiapas y fue autor de la Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias.

Galería de imágenes

Bibliografía
 FALCÓN MÁRQUEZ, Teodoro (1991). El Palacio de San Telmo. Sevilla. Editorial: Gever. ISBN 84-7566-024-X
 RIBELOT, Alberto (2001). Vida azarosa del Palacio de San Telmo: su historia y administración eclesiástica. Sevilla. Editorial: Marsay. ISBN 84-95539-25-X
 VÁZQUEZ SOTO, José María; VAZQUEZ CONSUEGRA, Guillermo & TORRES VELA, Javier (1990). San Telmo, biografía de un palacio. Sevilla, Consejería de Cultura. ISBN 84-2345-2346

Antonio Susillo
Esculturas urbanas de España del siglo XIX
Escultura urbana en Sevilla
Arquitectura de España de 1895

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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I'm a homeowner and a pet owner, and I love to travel! What a perfect experience to meet some new animal friends while seeing the world! I always miss my own canine companions while traveling, and helping someone else to feel more secure while they travel by providing conscientious and compassionate home and pet care sounds like an amazing opportunity!
I have owned dogs and cats for almost 30 years, and spent years working for humane societies and rescue groups. I'm conscientious, knowledgeable and trustworthy. Thanks for considering me!
I have known Mel for 8 years, and I can vouch for her integrity and for her love of animals. I trust her so much that when it became necessary for my neurotic dog to be re-homed she was the first one I approached about giving him a new home. Mel responds quickly and has been faithful to send photos of the dog. She is creative and a problem-solver. Mel is an idea pet sitter.


text:
Inca Citadel in the Clouds
by Thomas Lera and Sandy Fitzgerald
At the end of the 15th century, the secluded Inca citadel Machu Picchu was a vibrant city still being carved into the Andean peaks flanking the Urubamba River canyon. Over 200 buildings already provided housing, temples and storage facilities for the city's 1,200 residents. Vast tracts of land had been terraced for farming. Over the next 27 years, more than half of the entire Inca population became infected with smallpox and died. Machu Picchu fell into disuse, and, quickly enveloped by the robust undergrowth of the jungle, became motionless, frozen in time.
Luckily, this religious center was not discovered, sacked and pillaged by the Spaniards like so many other of their conquests. Its remote location at the end of an insignificant road cut through treacherous mountainous terrain, high above the Urubamba River canyon, helped guarantee the fact it would have no significant commercial, military, or administrative use. The site remained largely untouched for more than four centuries until Hiram Bingham, on an archaeological expedition funded by Yale, discovered it in 1911.
Machu Picchu drapes across the top, and spills down the sides of a vast mountain area strung between two distinct Andean peaks: the now famous Inca Trail begins high on the mountain's south side at Intipunku, the Sun Gate; Huayna Picchu soars above the site on the farthest northern extremity like a silent guardian. If you can muster the strength, a hike to the top of either should not be missed as it provides an outstanding view of the ruins and surrounding valley.
Machu Picchu can be geographically broken down into agricultural and residential areas. From both the trail entrance and the main ticket gate you enter through the agricultural zone. The contours of these slopes are hugged tightly by many layers of stone walls several feet high, built to reduce erosion and increase the square footage available for agriculture. The Inca employed advanced terracing and irrigation methods to assure a high yield of the maize and potatoes they grew.
We were fortunate enough to visit with an excellent guide two hours before the general public was admitted, and strolled quietly along its main avenues and smaller streets. As we walked toward the center of the complex, the most important temples and structures revealed the incredible craftsmanship the Inca used in building them. Enormous granite blocks had been cut by hand with bronze or stone tools, then smoothed with sand. The mortarless blocks still rest so solidly together it is impossible to insert a knife blade or even a credit card between them – we tried.
Many of the structures also utilized existing stone formations in their construction. A few temples clutch the edge of steep precipices, displaying a oneness with nature. What has become known as the amazing astrological center was built upon the outcropping of an existing megalith, with windows through which the sun's first rays shine as they peek slowly over the adjacent mountain on both the summer and winter solstice.
Another of the many important structures at Machu Picchu is the Intihuatana. This stone column rises defiantly from a box-shaped slate platform. Intihuatana literally translates to "for tying the sun" but normally is translated as "hitching post of the sun." History tells us as the winter solstice approached and the sun began to shine fewer hours each day, a priest would hold a ceremony to tether the sun to the stone to prevent it from vanishing entirely. Technically known as a gnomon, this genre of stone existed at many other Inca sites but was always destroyed by the Spanish. Thankfully this one remains, offering the meaning and significance surrounding it from its conception.
Surprises abound around every corner. Three dimensional sculptures carved into the rock in odd places appear as if by magic, and water still flows through ancient cisterns and stone channels. After hours of exploring we sat on a wall high along the edge of the city. Gazing down at this astounding group of residences and astrological temples, we were awestruck by Machu Picchu's magic. Speech was superfluous. We could almost feel the deep pride, reverence and spiritual devotion of the ancient Inca, and this had nothing to do with altitude!
Even the many tour groups which had trooped in and out during the day had done nothing to spoil the place for us. For a few precious moments, meandering down ancient trails, forgetting about the existence of buses, trains, cars and the world outside, we felt like Inca.
We boarded the bus back to our hotel in silence just before sunset. A young boy raced us to the tourist village of Agua Calientes, swiftly moving down ancient stone steps and unseen trails. He taunted us at various turns and switchbacks by waving, then ducking back into the bush, only to appear again at another turn. He won the "race" as the switchback road was much longer than the steep trail he had navigated.
The next morning rain drenched the village, washing away all evidence of our visit. The mountain top cradling the ruins was shrouded in impenetrable clouds, and Machu Picchu was once again hidden as if it never existed. Its impact on us, however, would never be lost.
Private Full-Day Classic Tour to Machu Picchu from Cusco
HOW TO GET THERE FROM CUSCO:
A 3 ½ hour journey on PeruRail is highlighted by wonderful mountain vistas and the beautiful Urubamba River which runs through the Sacred Valley of the Andes. On arrival in the town of Aguas Calientes, hop on a bus to traverse the last two kilometers up the mountain to the entrance. Trains leave at 6:00 AM and 3:30 PM for a round trip ticket is $73 per person.
Aguas Calientes has a wide range of hotels from hostels to the exquisite. We stayed at the Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel, which is now the Inkaterra Machu Picchu Hotel. Located in the cloud forest in the heart of the Machu Picchu Historical Sanctuary its 85-bungalow style cottage rooms are designed to give you the feeling of an Andean village woven throughout miles of trails. The "village" is complete with waterfalls and cloud forest gardens with over 375 different orchids, 175 species of birds and 125 varieties of butterflies. Our stay at this hotel was an eco-traveler's paradise melding into the Machu Picchu spiritual experience. There are a variety of rooms available from the simple to the luxurious with corresponding costs. Our room was a welcome oasis with its large natural stone shower area and large working fireplace – both of which took the slight chill off the night an relaxed our tired muscle into a blissful nights' sleep. Visit www.inkaterra.com for information.
Thomas Lera is the pretentious literary persona of a real person, occupying the ever brief moments that lie between his many faces as adventurer, traveler, scholar, conservationist, and wage slave, while providing an excuse to refer to himself in the third person. He currently resides in Virginia and is collaborating with Dr, Hannibal Lecter on a cookbook. tikal22042@gmail.com
First Machu Picchu photo by Tomas Sobek on Unsplash
All other photos are by Thomas Lera.
Tagged With: Machu Picchu, Peru travel Filed Under: South America Travel
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Q: language translation independent of qt version On my system I am using lrelease version of qt4.7.
I have generated qm file which is working fine in production environment.
But unfortunately our server uses lrelease version of qt3.3
and qm file generated from same ts file on server giving junk characters on production environment.
I got a suggestion of converting special characters of other languages ( french & Italian ) to hex code and its working fine.
But as I got large ts file, it is hard to change each special character to hex code.
Could you please suggest some fix ( besides changing lrelease version on server)
or any tool which converts special characters to hex code in ts files?

A: This works as designed. If your application runs on Qt4, use the Qt4 tools to generate the .qm files. Using Qt3's tools will not work.


The Military Service Cross from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was that state's equivalent to Prussia's Iron Cross. Like the Iron Cross, it was awarded in both a 1st and 2nd Class. After the Iron Cross, it was the oldest award of its type within Imperial Germany, having been first offered in 1848. The Iron Cross was offered in 1813, 1870, and 1914. [Although not part of the Imperial Period, it also was awarded in 1939 and 1957]. The Military Service Cross was offered in 1849, 1859,, 1864, 1866, 1870, 1877, 1900, 1914, and without a date. Like the Iron Cross, the Military Service Cross generally was awarded in a normal full size. It sometimes was awarded or purchased in the prinzengroße size, as well.
Our offering today is a very scarce Prinzengroße 1870 War Merit Cross 2nd Class for Non Combatants. While I am not certain how many non combatant versions of the decoration were awarded for the 1870/71 Franco-Prussian War, it is safe to say the number was far less than the 1870 Iron Cross 2nd Class for Non Combatants. Only about 3,000 examples were awarded for the latter medal. This award's original owner opted to acquire a prinzengroße-sized example. These were typically about two-thirds the size of an issued cross. The cross is gilt-toned (unlike the Iron Cross) and measures 1 1/4″ x 1 1/4." Like the Iron Cross it features a crown at the top, the ruler's cypher ( FF for Friedrich Franz), and the conflict's date (1864). The reverse displays the words, "Für Auszeichnung im Kriege." The smaller cross is highly-detailed.


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Sobering account of the years under the…
Sobering account of the years under the dictatorship of Cambodia's Pol Pot
Margaret Colin (Lana Cobb) and Michael Shannon (John Rosow) in "The Missing Person."
PUBLISHED: March 26, 2014 at 10:54 am | UPDATED: April 27, 2016 at 6:53 pm
In the wake of "S-21: The Khmer Rouge Killing Machine" and "Duch, Master of the Forges of Hell," Rithy Panh grapples with the horrors of the Cambodian genocide on more intimately unsettling terms in "The Missing Picture."
A sobering chronicle of Panh's teenage years under the Pol Pot dictatorship, the film is a brave act of witness complicated by the documentary maker's decision to re-create his experiences using clay figurines, a tricky aesthetic device that raises fascinating and problematic questions of representation.
As he describes in the always composed, sometimes bitterly ironic narration that saturates almost every frame (the text was co-written with Christophe Bataille and read in French by Randal Douc), Panh was 13 on April 17, 1975, the day the Khmer Rouge captured Phnom Penh. Rounding up local civilians and deporting them to agricultural labor camps as part of a grueling "re-education" campaign, Pol Pot's communist regime sought to wipe out class divisions and individual aspirations in service of a supposedly glorious Kampuchean Revolution.
The stark reality of the matter is illustrated in a series of detailed dioramas that constitute the bulk of the film. Populated by intricate clay figurines that represent Panh, his family members and many, many other victims, these re-creations are meant to stand in for the unfilmed, unphotographed images that inspired the film's title: the concrete dikes and rice fields where these former city-dwellers were forced to work; the meager rice yields they were forced to live on, leading to widespread malnutrition; and the brutal executions that occurred on a matter-of-fact basis.
The result is a carefully aestheticized catalog of atrocities that, as lovingly shot by d.p. Prum Mesa and somewhat insistently scored by Marc Marder, generates its own strange, complicated line of ethical inquiry. Beautifully hand-carved and painted by Sarith Mang, the figurines look remarkably human with their sharply individualized features, their speechlessness and immobility underscoring the collective helplessness of a people subjected to methodical extermination. At the same time, there's something unmistakably distancing and slightly precious about these static artworks, brightly colored and fastidiously arranged in a painful but sanitized simulacrum of reality.
Students of Claude Lanzmann's "Shoah" will have an interesting time parsing the representational pros and cons of Panh's approach, and the director seems well aware that his chosen conceit is not without its complications. "The Missing Picture" invites a rare level of intellectual engagement on this subject. Panh's free-roaming narration contemplates the sad fact that all the filmed material from the crucial 1975-79 period (shown in battered film canisters and generously sampled here) is pure propaganda, glorifying Pol Pot (also known by his nom de guerre, "Brother No. 1″) and shot by Khmer Rouge cameramen. And while Panh's desire to document the catastrophe haunts and motivates the entire film, he acknowledges that such images may in fact be better left unseen.
Despite or perhaps because of the somberness of the subject matter, Panh includes cherished memories of lighter, happier times — going to the movies, for instance, before the cinemas were burned down — that only throw the cruel oppressiveness of his later torments into harsher relief. Working with co-editor Marie-Christine Rougerie, the director brings a certain stylistic playfulness to bear on his limited materials, at times juxtaposing figurines and archival footage in the same frame to alternately disorienting and haunting effect.
One of the most moving stories re-enacted here is the filmmaker's memory of how his father chose, with great dignity, to die of starvation rather than to continue subsisting on rations fit for animals. "Sometimes, a small gesture is all it takes to say no," Panh notes. Whatever one takes away from "The Missing Picture," there can be no doubt that its very existence — rising from the ashes of a system designed to obliterate, among other things, intellectual and artistic achievement — is itself a powerful form of resistance."
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