A classic Oud Beersel sign.
Black Acid from Lervig and Oud Beersel.
FiftyFifty from Oud Beersel and Lindheim Ølkompani. Photo courtesy Oud Beersel.
Gert Christiaens, blender/owner, Geuzestekerij Oud Beersel.
Another new beer is Oude Gueuze Vandervelden 135, produced for the 135th anniversary of Brouwerij Oud Beersel's founding in 1882 by Henri Vandervelden. This blend includes a one year old lambic that was aged in 30-year old barrels from Tuscany (Italy) and a three year old lambic that matured in an old Oud Beersel foeder. The beer is packaged in 37.5 cl bottles. It will be available to drink on site and also sold to go in the brewery shop. It will eventually see distribution to Belgian drink markets.
There is yet another new beer that will debut at Oud Beersel during TDG weekend: De Leite with Cuvee Soeur'Ise. De Leite is a Belgian brewery located in West Flanders, in Ruddervoorde.
Some beautiful barrels full of lambic at Oud Beersel.
That makes five new beers that will debut at Oud Beersel May 6-7. Gert Christiaens and De Geuzen van Oud Beersel, a group which helps promote and preserve the Oud Beersel brewery and site, are bringing their A game to this event!
Gert Christiaens pouring a special edition Oude Beersel Schaarbeekse Oud Kriek in 2016. This beer may no longer be available for sale.
Gert Christiaens in a new foeder room on the top floor of Oud Beersel.
A field behind Oud Beersel where Schaerbeek cherry trees have since been planted.
Oud Beersel will have lambic, Oude Geuze, Oude Kriek, its Bzart beers, and many other products on offer for on-site consumption and take away. Get there!
Barrels inside an old barrel room at Oud Beersel.
Italian made foeders at Oud Beersel.
Gert Christiaens at a barrel with active fermentation.
Oud Beersel Beersalis Oak Aged Tripel, another great beer.
Oud Beersel Bzart Lambic 2012.
Bzart Lambic 2012 close up.


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Mountain View, CA (October 2, 2015) – Fenwick & West is pleased to announce that the firm was honored for its role on China's Global M&A Deal of the Year by The American Lawyer at the 2015 Global Legal Awards. The firm received the award for advising a special committee of the board of directors of Giant Interactive Group Inc., a leading Chinese online game developer and operator, as its U.S. legal counsel in Giant's $3 billion going private transaction.
"With a value of 3 billion dollars in cash, the Giant deal represents the second largest going-private transaction by a Chinese company listed on the New York Stock Exchange to date," reported The American Lawyer in its announcement of the honor.
The merger agreement was pursuant to a going private deal involving a consortium made up of the chairman of the board of directors of Giant Interactive Group, an affiliate of Baring Private Equity Asia and an affiliate of Hony Capital Fund V, L.P. After the company's shareholders approved the merger, Giant Interactive became privately held and ceased trading on the Nasdaq stock exchange.
"The lawyering was a fairly massive multi-player game in its own right, with advisers spread across Europe, Asia, North America and offshore," noted The American Lawyer.
The Fenwick team included corporate partners Gordy Davidson, David Michaels and Eva Wang and associates Ken Myers, Aaron Hou, Jen Huang and Elena Coleman.
In addition to The American Lawyer honor, Fenwick's M&A work on the Giant Interactive deal earned the firm other accolades including China Law Business Journal's Deal of the Year and Global M&A Network's Asia Pacific Private Equity Deal of the Year.


text:
Edinburgh is an extraordinary city visited by millions of people from around the world. The Old and New Towns form one of the most beautiful cityscapes in the world. They were inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1995. The unique character of the city comes from the striking contrast between the medieval Old Town and the Georgian New Town, with each area containing many significant historic buildings. The two areas are in perfect counterpoise; the old medieval town leading up to the castLe; the "new" town elegantly laid out to the north below it. Calton Hill is one of the intermediate and pivotal areas and a good vantage point to take it all in. Below it (just out of sight in this picture) is the Royal High School, currently the subject of great consternation as it is threatened by drastic extensions and alterations.
This view shows the extremely varied tightly packed townscape of the Old Town. But while varied, it maintains a homogeneity in materials and form. It imbues a rich texture. Just one step wrong in terms of design and intervention and that all crumbles. That very character which all Scots love and to which millions of tourists flock would be compromised and devalued. The recent threats to that integrity may not be malicious, but they indicate very contrasting values based on commerce and architectural taste. The proposals for the Royal High School are a case in point.
The very designation as a World Heritage Site adds great kudos to the area and with it strict criteria for interventions. Not only have many local people and conservation groups become very concerned at these recent disruptive proposals, but so has UNESCO which awards sites this designation. Officials have told the UK Government of their "strong concern" about the level of protection for the Old and New towns after being lobbied about a string of controversial projects. The world heritage body has intervened after a team of international advisors warned them of a "significant threat" from new developments.
The Architectural Heritage Society of Scotland has been one of the concerned groups that has been very vocal in its condemnation of inappropriate developments, in particular that to the Royal High School. But just look at this scene. How could anyone permit anything to disrupt and compromise it?
http://www.ewht.org.uk
http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/entertainment/unesco-acts-over-threat-to-edinburgh-s-world-heritage-status-1-4036851

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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7. Alfred Rosenberg
A. THE POLITICAL CAREER OF ROSENBERG.
I The political career of Alfred Rosenberg embraced the
entire history of National Socialism and permeated nearly
every phase of the conspiracy. In order to obtain a full
conception of his Influence upon and participation in the
conspiracy, it is necessary to review his political history
and to consider each of his political activities in their
relation to the thread of the conspiracy, which stretches
from the inception of the party in 1919 to the defeat of
Germany in 1945.
It is interesting to note that for Rosenberg 30 November
1918 marked the
"Beginning of political activities with a lecture about
the 'Jewish Problem' ". (2886-PS)
An official German pamphlet entitled, "Dates in the History
of the NSDAP", discloses that Rosenberg was a member of the
German Labor Party (afterwards the National Socialist German
Workers Party) in January 1919, and that Hitler joined
forces with Rosenberg and his colleagues in October of the
same year (3557-PS). Thus, Rosenberg was a member of the
National Socialist movement even before Hitler himself.
An extract from "Das Deutsch Fuehrer Lexikon", 1934/35 (3530-
PS) completes the biographical data on Rosenberg:
"From 1921 until the present, editor of the Voelkische
Beobachter; editor of the 'N.S. Monatshefte'; 1930,
Reichstag deputy and representative of the foreign
policy of the movement; since April 1933, leader of the
foreign political office of the NSDAP; then designated
as Reichsleiter; January 1934, deputized by the Fuehrer
for the spiritual and philosophical education of the
NSDAP, the German labor front -and all related
organizations" (350-PS).
In July 1941 Rosenberg was appointed Reichsminister for the
Occupied Eastern Territories. (2886-PS)
B. ROSENBERG's PART, AS OFFICIAL NAZI IDEOLOGIST, IN
PREPARING FOR THE SEIZURE OF POWER AND THE LAUNCHING OF
AGGRESSIVE WAR.
Rosenberg was the official National Socialist ideologist.
Through the ideological tenets which he expounded he exerted
an influence upon the unification of German thought, a
unification which was an essential part of the conspirator's
program for seizure of power and preparation
for aggressive war.
Rosenberg wrote extensively on, and actively participated
in, virtually every aspect of the National Socialist
program. His first publication was the "Nature, Basic
Principles, and Aims of the NSDAP", which appeared in 1922.
Rosenberg spoke of this book in the following
"During this time (that is, during the early phase of the
party) a short thesis was written, which nevertheless is
significant in the history of the NSDAP. It was always being
asked what points of program the NSDAP had and how they each
were to be interpreted. Therefore, I wrote the principal
program and aims of the NSDAP, and this writing made the
first permanent connection between Munich and local
organizations being organized and friends within the Reich."
Thus, the original draftsman of and spokesman for the party
program was Rosenberg.
Without attempting to survey the entire ideological program
advanced by Rosenberg in his various writings and speeches,
certain of his statements may be considered as indicating
the nature and scope of the ideological program which he
championed. There was not a single basic tenet of the Nazi
philosophy which was not given authoritative expression by
Rosenberg.
(1) The theory of racism. Rosenberg wrote the "Myth of the
Twentieth Century", published in 1930. At page 479 of this
work (3553-PS), Rosenberg expressed the following views on
the race question:
"The essence of the contemporary world revolution lies
in the awakening of the racial types, not in Europe
alone but on the whole planet. This awakening is the
organic counter movement against the last chaotic
remnants of liberal economic imperialism, whose object
of exploitation out of desperation has fallen into the
snare of Bolshevik Marxism, in order to complete what
democracy had begun, the extirpation of the racial and
national consciousness." (3553-PS)
(2) "Lebensraum". Rosenberg expounded the "Lebensraum" idea,
which was utilized as the dynamic impulse behind Germany's
waging of aggressive war. In his journal, the "National
Socialist Monatshefte" for May 1932, he wrote:
"The understanding that the German nation, if it is not
to perish in the truest sense of the word, needs ground
and soil for itself and its future generations, and the
second sober perception that this soil can no more be
conquered in Africa,
but in Europe and first of all in the East — these
organically determine the German foreign policy for
centuries." (2777-PS)
(3) Persecution of Christian Churches. Rosenberg expressed
his theory as to the place of religion in the National
Socialist State in the "Myth of the Twentieth Century",
additional excerpts from which are cited in (2891-PS):
"We now realize that the central supreme values of the
Roman and the Protestant Churches, being a negative
Christianity, do not respond to our soul, that they
hinder the organic powers of the peoples determined by
their Nordic race, that they must give way to them,
that they will have to be remodeled to conform to a
Germanic Christendom. Therein lies the meaning of the
present religious search." (2891-PS)
In the place of traditional Christianity, Rosenberg sought
to implant the neo-pagan myth of the blood. At page 114 in
the "Myth of the Twentieth Century" (2891-PS) he stated:
"Today, a new faith is awakening — the Myth of the
Blood, the belief that the divine being of mankind
generally is to be defended with the blood. The faith
embodied by the fullest realization, that the Nordic
blood constitutes that mystery which has supplanted and
overwhelmed the old sacraments."
Rosenberg's attitudes on religion were accepted as the only
philosophy compatible with National Socialism. In 1940
Bormann, in writing to Rosenberg, made this statement:
"The churches cannot be conquered by a compromise
between National Socialism and Christian teachings, but
only through a new ideology whose coming you yourself
have announced in your writings."
Rosenberg actively participated in the program for
elimination of church influence. Bormann frequently wrote
Rosenberg in this regard, furnishing him information as to
proposed action to be instituted against the churches and,
where necessary, requesting that action be taken by
Rosenberg's department. See 070-PS dealing with the
abolition of religious services in the schools; 072-PS
dealing with the confiscation of religious property; 064-PS
dealing with the inadequacy of anti-religious material
circulated to the soldiers; 089-PS dealing with the
curtailment of the publication of Protestant periodicals;
and 122-PS dealing with the closing of theological
faculties.
(4) Persecution of the Jews. Rosenberg was particularly
zealous in his pursuit of the "Jewish Question". On 28 March
1941, on the occasion of the opening of the Institute for
the Exploration of the Jewish Question, he set the keynote
for its activities and indicated the direction which the
exploration was to take. He spoke in part as follows:
"For Germany the Jewish Question is only then solved
when the Last Jew has left the Greater German space.
"Since Germany with its blood and its nationalism has
now broken for always this Jewish dictatorship for all
Europe and has seen to it that Europe as a whole will
become free from the Jewish parasitism once more, we
may, I believe, also say for all Europeans: For Europe
the Jewish question is only then solved when the last
Jew has left the European continent." (2889-PS)
Rosenberg had called an Anti-Jewish Congress in June 1944,
but the Congress was cancelled due to military events. (1752-
Rosenberg did not overlook any opportunity to put these anti-
Semitic beliefs into practice. He recommended for instance
that instead of executing 100 Frenchmen as retaliation for
attempts on lives of members of the Wehrmacht, there be
executed 100 Jewish bankers, lawyers, etc. (001-PS). The
recommendation was made with the avowed purpose of awakening
the anti-jewish sentiment.
(5) Abolition of Versailles Treaty. In the realm of foreign
policy, in addition to demanding "lebensraum," Rosenberg
called for elimination of the Treaty of Versailles, and cast
aside any thought of revision of that treaty. In his book,
"Nature, Principles and Aims of the NSDAP", Rosenberg wrote:
"The National Socialists reject the popular phrase of
the 'Revision of the Peace of Versailles' as such a
revision might perhaps bring a few numerical reductions
in the so-called 'obligations,' but the entire German
people would still be, just as before, the slave of
other nations."
" 'We demand equality for the German people with other
nations, the cancellation of the peace treaties of
Versailles and St. Germain.' " (2433-PS)
(6) Foreign Nazi Penetration. Rosenberg conceived of the
spread of National Socialism throughout the world and, as
will be subsequently shown, took an active part in promoting
the infection of other nations with his creed. In the
"Nature, Principles and Aims of the NSDAP", he stated:
"But National Socialism still believes that its
principles and
ideology though in individually different suitable ways
of fight according to racial-national conditions --
will be directives far beyond the borders of Germany
for the inevitable fights for power in other countries
of Europe and America. There too a decision of ideas
must take place, and the racial-nationalistic fight
against the ever similar loan-capitalistic and Marxist
internationalism must be taken up. National Socialism
believes that once the great world battle is concluded,
after the defeat of the present epoch, there will be a
time when the swastika will be woven into the different
banners of the Germanic peoples as the Aryan symbol of
rejuvenation." (2455-PS)
Thus, Rosenberg gave authoritative expression to the basic
tenets upon which National Socialism was founded, and
through exploitation of which the conspiracy was
crystallized in action.
(7) Ideological training and education. Rosenberg's value to
the conspiratorial program found official recognition in his
appointment in 1934 as the Fuehrer's Delegate for the Entire
Spiritual and Philosophical Education and Supervision of the
NSDAP. is activities in this capacity were many and varied.
The National Socialist Year Book for the year 1938, at page
180 describes as follows the functions of Rosenberg's office
a the Fuehrer's delegate:
"The sphere of activity of the Fuehrer's Commissioner
for all spiritual and ideological instruction and
education of the movement, its organization, including
the 'Strength through Joy', extends to the detailed
execution of all the educational work of the Party and
of the affiliated bodies. The office, set up by
Reichsleiter Rosenberg, has the task of preparing the
ideological educational material, of carrying out the
teaching programme, and is responsible for the
education of those teachers suited to this educational
and instructional work." (3531-PS)
As the Fuehrer's delegate, Rosenberg thus supervised all
ideological education and training in the Party.
It was Rosenberg'. belief that upon the performance of his
new functions as ideological delegate depended the future of
National Socialism. An excerpt from an article by Rosenberg
appearing on page 9 of the March 1934 issue of "The
Educational Letter" states:
"The focus of all our educational work from now on is
the service for this ideology, and it depends on the
result of
these efforts, whether National socialism will be
buried with our fighting ancestors or whether, as we
believe, it really represents the beginning of a new
era." (3552-PS)
In his capacity as the Fuehrer's Delegate for Spiritual and
Ideological Training, Rosenberg assisted in the preparation
of the curriculum for the Adolf Hitler schools. These
schools selected the most suitable candidates from the
Hitler Jugend and trained them for leadership within the
Party. They were the elite schools of National Socialism. An
excerpt from "Documents of German Politics" reads as
"Voelkischer Beobachter, 19 January  1937. — 'As
stated by Dr. Ley, Reichsorganisationsleiter, on 23
November 1937 at Ordensburg Sonthofen, these Adolf
Hitler Schools, as the first step of the principle of
selecting a special elite, form an important branch in
the educational system of the National Socialist
training of future leaders [Fuehrernachwuchs]
"Voelkischer Beobachter dated 24 November 1937. ***
The curriculum has been laid down by Reichsleiter Rosenberg,
together with the Reichsorganisationsleiter and the Reich
Youth Leader." (3529-PS)
Rosenberg exercised further influence in the education. of
Party members through the establishment of community school
for all organizations of the Party. The following statement
is taken from the 1934 edition of "Das Dritte Reich":
"We support the request of the Fuehrer's Commissioner
for the supervision of the whole spiritual and
ideological training and instruction of- the NSDAP,
Party member Alfred Rosenberg, to organize community
schools of all organizations of the NSDAP twice a year,
in order to-show by this common effort the ideological
and political unity of the NSDAP and the steadfastness
of the National Socialist will." (3528-PS)
Rosenberg's program was endorsed by Schirach as well as by
Himmler, Ley, and others.
Virtually every phase of National Socialist training came
under Rosenberg's influence, and unified ideological
concepts were inculcated in every echelon of the party due
to his influence. The 1936 edition of "Das Dritte Reich",
under the heading "Education in the Ordensburg" states:
"Those Party members, selected for training in
leadership in accordance with such points of view (who
must have completed their labor service and their
military service satisfactorily) are to be taught in
the Ordensburgen by the best teachers in history and
science of race, philosophy and cul-
ture, economics and specialized training, etc. To
determine the ideological direction of this education,
to choose suitable teachers and to train them, is one
of the tasks of the Senior School of the Party [Hoche
Schule der Partei] which is to be established in the
near future and will be placed under the direction of
the Reich Leader Party member Alfred Rosenberg in his
capacity as Delegate of the Fuehrer for the Supervision
of the Entire Spiritual and Ideological Teaching and
Education of the NSDAP." (3552-PS)
(8) Plunder of art treasures. In his capacity as the
Fuehrer's delegate, Rosenberg established the Institute for
the Exploration of the Jewish Question, in Frankfurt on
Main. (This institute, commonly known as the "Hohe Schule",
has been referred to in the discussion of the Plunder of Art
Treasures in Chapter XIV.) Into its library there flowed
books, documents, and manuscripts which were looted from
virtually every country of occupied Europe. As Ideological
Delegate Rosenberg conducted the fabulous art looting
activities of the Einsatzstab Rosenberg, activities which
extended to France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg,
Norway, Denmark, the Occupied Eastern Territories, Hungary,
and Greece. The extent of the plunder is indicated in
document 1015-B-PS which contains a detailed account of the
seizure of over 21,000 valuable objects of art, and in
document 188 in which the looting of the contents of over
71,000 Jewish homes is described.
The importance of Rosenberg's activities as official
ideologist of the Nazi party was not overlooked. The Hart
biography of Rosenberg, entitled, "The Man and His Work"
(3559-PS), states that Rosenberg won the German National
prize in 1937. The creation of this prize was the Nazis'
petulant reply to the award of the Nobel prize to Carlin
Assietsky, an inmate of a German concentration camp. The
citation which accompanied the award to Rosenberg read as
"Alfred Rosenberg has helped with his publications to
lay the scientific and intuitive foundation and to
strengthen the philosophy of the National Socialist in
the most excellent way. His indefatigable struggle to
keep National Socialist philosophy clean was especially
meritorious. Only future times will be able to fully
estimate the depth of the influence of this man on the
philosophical foundation of the National Socialist
Reich. The National Socialist movement, and beyond
that, the entire German people, will be deeply
gratified that the Fuehrer has distinguished Alfred
Rosen-
berg as one of his oldest and most faithful fighting
comrades by awarding him the German National Prize."
(3559-PS)
The contribution which Rosenberg's book, "The Myth of the
Twentieth Century," made to Nazi ideological propaganda was
appraised in the November 1942 edition of the official
National Socialist book review publication, "Bucher Kunde",
"Next to the Fuehrer's book it has contributed to a
unique extent to the rise and the spiritual and
physical development of this people. Twelve years after
Alfred Rosenberg's 'Mythus' first appeared, a million
copies of the book have been published and circulated."
"It must therefore be stated that the phrases coined by
Alfred Rosenberg have passed into the consciousness of
the whole people, and it is just today that they are
proving pillars of an ideological building whose
completion is the purpose of the fight being waged not
least today." (3554-PS)
The significance of ideological training in promoting the
aims of the conspiracy is emphasized in a brief statement
which Hitler made to his supreme commanders on 23 November
1939. On that occasion, Hitler said:
"The building up of our armed forces was only possible
in connection with the ideological education of the
German people by the Party." (789-PS)
The contribution which Rosenberg made through formulation
and dissemination of National Socialist ideology was
fundamental to the conspiracy. As apostle of neo-paganism,
exponent of the drive for "Lebensraum," glorifier of the
myth of nordic superiority, and as one of the oldest and
most energetic Nazi proponents of anti-Semitism, he
contributed materially to unification of the German people
behind the swastika. He provided the impetus and philosophy
of National
C. ROSENBERG's ACTIVITIES ABROAD THROUGH THE APA, IN
PREPARATION FOR AGGRESSIVE WAR.
Rosenberg also actively contributed toward the preparation
for aggressive war through the international activities of
the APA (The Foreign Policy Office of the NSDAP). Rosenberg
became a Reichsleiter, the highest level of rank in the
Leadership Corps, and was made chief of the Foreign
Political Office of the NSDAP in April 1933 (3530-PS). The
Organizational Manual of the NSDAP (2319-PS) describes the
functions of the APA as
including the influencing of public opinion abroad so as to
convince foreign nations that Nazi Germany desires peace.
The following excerpt indicates the far-flung activities of
the APA:
"*** II. 1. The APA is divided into three main offices
"A. Office for Foreign Referats with the Main Offices
a. England and Far East
b. Near East
c. South East
d. North
e. Old Orient
f. Controls, personnel questions, etc.
"B. Office of the German Academic Exchange Service.
"C. Office of Foreign Commerce.
"2. Moreover, there is in the APA a main office for the
and an educational office." (2319-PS)
The Press activities of the APA, designed to influence world
opinion in such a manner as to conceal the conspirators'
true purposes and thus facilitate the preparation for waging
aggressive war, were conducted on an ambitious scale. "A
short Report on the Activities of the APA of the NSDAP"
describes the press activities as follows:
"*** The Press The Press Division of the APA is
comprised of persons who together master all the
languages that are in use. Daily they examine
approximately 300 newspapers and deliver to the
Fuehrer, the deputy Fuehrer, and all other interested
offices the condensations of the important trends of
the entire world press. I know that these press reports
are highly praised by all who constantly follow them.
The Press Division furthermore conducts an exact
archive on the attitudes of the most important papers
of the world and-an exact archives on the most
important journalists of the world. Many embarrassments
during conferences in Germany could have been avoided
had one consulted these archives (case of Leumas,
Nurnberg, 1934; case of Dorothy Thompson; and others).
Further, the Press Division was able to arrange a host
of interviews as well as conducting a great number of
friendly foreign journalists to the various official
representatives of Germany." (003-PS)
The nature and extent of the activities of the APA are amply
disclosed in a "Report on the Activities of the Foreign
Affairs Bureau of the Party from 1933 to 1943," signed by
Rosenberg (007-PS). This report contains a recital of
widespread activities -in foreign countries. These
activities range from the promotion
of economic penetration, to fomentation of anti-Semitism;
from cultural and political infiltration to the instigation
of treason. Activities were carried on throughout the world
and extended to such widely separated points as the Middle
East and Brazil. (007-PS)
(1) Activities in Hungary, Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg.
Much of the APA's achievements were brought about through
the subtle exploitation of personal relationship. Activities
in Hungary proceeded as follows:
"*** The first foreign state visit after the seizure of
power took place through the mediation of the Foreign
Affairs Bureau. Julius Gombos, who in former years had
himself pursued anti-Semitic and racial tendencies, had
reached the Hungarian Premier's chair. The Bureau
maintained a personal connection with him." (007-PS)
The APA endeavored to strengthen the War Economy by shifting
the source of food imports to the Balkans:
"Motivated by reasons of War Economy, the Bureau
advocated the transfer of raw material purchases from
overseas to the areas accessible by overland traffic
routes, i. e., primarily in the Balkans, naturally
insofar as practicable. At first little heed was paid
to the Bureau in these endeavors, but it later secured
the active support especially of the Food Estate
[Naeurstand]. Through its cooperation, e. g., on the
subject of fruit and vegetable imports, a very
substantial shift in the source of imports was
attained, particularly through the currently initiated
cooperation with Croatian and Hungarian cooperatives as
well as with commercial associations all over the
Balkans." (007-PS)
Activities in Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg were confined
to "observation of existing conditions" and "to the
establishment of relations, especially of a commercial
nature." (007-PS)
(2) Activities in Iran, Afghanistan, and Iraq. In Iran the
APA achieved a high degree of economic penetration, in
addition to promoting cultural relations:
"The Bureau's initiative in developing, with the help
of commercial circles, entirely new methods for the
economic penetration of Iran found expression, in an
extraordinarily favorable way, in reciprocal trade
relations.
"Naturally in Germany, too, this initiative at first
encountered a completely negative attitude and
resistance on
the part of the competent state authorities, an
attitude that had first to be overcome.
"In the course of a few years the volume of trade with
Iran was multiplied five-fold, and in 1939 Iran's trade
turnover with Germany had attained first place. Even
Soviet Russia, the competitor who had been biggest and
most dreaded previously, had been eliminated from the
running. Concurrently with activation of commercial
relations, the Bureau had also intensified cultural
relations and had, in conjunction with growing
commercial influence and in closest collaboration with
the Iranian Government, created a series of cultural
institutions headed and directed by Germans."
(Signed) Rosenberg  (007-PS)
Rosenberg further reports on APA activities in other parts
"Afghanistan's neutral position today is largely due to
the Bureau's activity."
"The Arab question, too, became part of the work of the
Bureau. In spite of England's tutelage of Iraq the
Bureau established a series of connections to a number
of leading personalities of the Arab world, smoothing
the way for strong bonds to Germany. In this
connection, the growing influence of the Reich in Iran
and Afghanistan did not fail to have repercussions in
Arabia." (007-PS)
In view of the numerous "personal connections" maintained by
the Bureau in many different countries, it is not difficult
to surmise what Rosenberg meant when he stated at the
conclusion of his report:
"The Bureau has carried out the initiating of all
politically feasible projects. With the outbreak of war
it [the APA] was entitled to consider its task as
terminated. The exploitation of the many personal
connections in many lands can be resumed under a
different guise.
"(Signed) Rosenberg" (007-PS)
(3) Activities in Rumania. Annex Two of the report deals
with activities in Rumania. Here the APA's intrigue was more
insidious, its interference in the internal affairs of a
foreign nation more pronounced. After describing the failure
of what Rosenberg terms a "basically sound anti-Semitic
tendency", due to dynastic squabbles and party fights,
Rosenberg describes the APA's influence in the unification
of conflicting elements:
"What was lacking was the guiding leadership of a
politi-
cal personality. After manifold groping trials the
Bureau believed to have found such a personality — the
former Minister and poet, Octavian Goga. It was not
difficult to convince this poet, pervaded by
instinctive inspiration, that a Greater Romania, though
it had to be created in opposition to Vienna, could be
maintained only together with Berlin. Nor was it
difficult to create in him the desire to link the fate
of Rumania with the future of the National-Socialist
German Reich in good time. By bringing continuing
influence to bear, the Bureau succeeded in inducing
Octavian Goga as well as Professor Cuza to amalgamate
the parties under their leadership on an Anti-Semitic
basis. Thus they could carry on with united strength
the struggle for Rumania's renascence internally, and
her Anschluss with Germany externally. Through the
Bureau's initiative both parties, which had heretofore
been known by distinct names, were merged as the
National-Christian Party, under Goga's leadership and
with Cuza as Honorary President." (007-PS, Annex II)
Rosenberg's man, Goga, was supported by two "splinter
parties" which had not joined the anti-Semitic trend of
these two parties. Rosenberg has this to say:
"Through intermediaries, the Bureau maintained constant
contact with both tendencies, just as it constantly
consulted with Goga, through Staff Director
[Stabsleiter] Schickendanz, about tactics to be
followed." (007-PS, Annex II)
Goga was appointed Prime Minister by the King in December
1937. The influence of Rosenberg's ideology had achieved a
major triumph, for he states:
"Thus a second government on racial and anti-Semitic
foundations had appeared in Europe, in a country in
which such an event had been considered completely
impossible." (007-PS, Annex II)
Rosenberg's intrigues made a significant contribution to
Nazi preparations for aggressive war, and the benefit to
Germany's position in the Balkans was great. Rosenberg
reports that upon Goga's resignation he left a personal heir
in Marshal Antonescu, who was appointed by Goga as Minister
of War against the wishes of the King. Of Antonescu
Rosenberg says:
"After Goga' resignation, Antonescu still remained in
the king's cabinet at Goga's wish. He also maintained
continued relations with the Iron Guard. Thereby the
possibility of eliminating the king was at hand — and
was ex-
ploited. Antonescu today appears in practice as
executor of the heritage bequested to him by Goga, who
had led him from political insignificance into the
political arena. Thereby a change to Germany's liking
had become possible in Rumania.
"(Signed) Rosenberg." (007-PS)
It will be recalled that on 9/5/1940 Antonescu became
President of the Rumanian Council of Ministers and
immediately suspended the Rumanian constitution. King Carol
abdicated on the following day, and Rumania existed as a
German satellite throughout the war. Rosenberg's aims had
been achieved.
The substantial contribution which Rosenberg had thus made
to Germany's strategic plans for aggressive war is evident
from a brief review of the military action which followed in
the wake of his political maneuvers. Shortly after King
Carol's abdication Antonescu "invited" German troops to
"protect" the Rumanian oil fields. When Hungary subscribed
to the Axis pact a few weeks later, Germany acquired a
continuous land bridge to the Black Sea, through Austria,
Hungary, and Rumania. When Bulgaria subscribed to the Pact
in March 1941, a German thrust southward through Yugoslavia
and Greece became feasible, for with Hungary, Rumania, and
Bulgaria secure, the entire German eastern flank was safe
from attack. A month later, Yugoslavia and Greece were
invaded. Only when they were overcome was Germany free to
attack the Soviet Union. Seven weeks after the fall of
Crete, Germany launched her war on the U.S.S.R. Thus,
Rosenberg's intrigue in Rumania provided a vital link in the
chain of the German strategy of aggression.
(4) Relations with Quisling in Norway. Rosenberg also played
a leading role in the development of fifth-column activities
in Norway. He fostered the development of close relations
between Germany and Quisling, procured financial backing for
Quisling's activities, and brought him into contact with
Raeder and Hitler. Rosenberg kept the Reich informed as to
internal developments in Norway through his contacts with
Hagelin, Quisling's deputy, and took an active part in the
development of plans for a Quisling coup in Norway. The
record is clear that Rosenberg provided the inspiration and
the means for the betrayal of Norway by Quisling and Hagelin
-- treason for which the Norwegian Government has tried,
condemned, and executed them. (007-PS; C-64; C-65; C-66; 004-PS; 957-PS)
D. ROSENBERG's PARTICIPATION IN THE CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT WAR
CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY IN THE OCCUPIED EASTERN
TERRITORIES.
Rosenberg participated in the conspiracy to commit war
crimes and crimes against humanity in the areas of the
Occupied East which he administered for over three years.
This area included the Baltic States, White Ruthenia and the
Ukraine, and the Eastern portion of Poland.
(The mass murder and mistreatment of the Eastern peoples,
and the spoliation of their territories is discussed in
Chapter X on Forced Labor, Chapter XIII on Germanization and
Spoliation, Chapter XI on Concentration Camps, Chapter XII
on Persecution of the Jews, Section 5 of Chapter XV on the
SS, and Section 6 of Chapter XV on the Gestapo and SD.)
Rosenberg bears personal responsibility for these crimes.
Rosenberg may contend that some of these crimes were
committed against his wishes. There is, indeed, some
evidence that he protested on occasion, not out of
humanitarian reasons, but on the ground of political
expediency. Rosenberg may also attempt to place the blame
for these crimes on other agencies and other defendants. The
documents prove, however, that he himself formulated the
harsh policies in the execution of which the rimes were
committed; that the crimes were committed for the most part
by persons and agencies within his jurisdiction and control;
that the other agencies which participated in the commission
of these crimes were invited by him to cooperate in the
administration of the East, although the brutal methods
customarily employed by them were common knowledge; and that
his Ministry lent full cooperation to their activities
despite the criminal methods that were employed.
(1) Activities as "Commissioner for the Central Control of
Questions Connected with the East European Region."
Rosenberg was actively participating in the affairs of the
East as early as 20 April 1941, two months prior to the
German attack upon the Soviet Union. On that date he was
designated by Hitler as "Commissioner for the Central
Control of Questions connected with the East European
Region" (865-PS). The initial preparations undertaken by
Rosenberg for fulfillment of his new task indicate the
extent to which he cooperated in promoting the military
plans for aggression. They also show that he understood his
task as requiring the assistance of a multitude of Reich
agencies and that he invited their cooperation.
Shortly after his appointment by Hitler, Rosenberg conducted
a series of conferences with representatives of various
Reich agencies (1039-PS). Cooperation of the following
agencies in the administration of the Eastern Territories
was contemplated and solicited by
OKH
OKM
Ministry of Economy
Commissioner for the Four Year Plan
Ministry of the Interior
Reich Youth Leadership
German Labor Front
Ministry of Labor
and the SA — (as well as several others). (1039-PS)
These arrangements, it should be noted, were made by
Rosenberg in his capacity as Commissioner on Eastern
Questions before the attack on the Soviet Union, before
Rosenberg was appointed Minister of the Occupied East, and
before there was any Occupied Eastern Territory for Germany
to administer.
(a) "Solution" of the Jewish Problem. Emphasis must be
placed on Rosenberg's basic attitudes regarding his new
task, and the directives he knew he would be expected to
follow. On 29 April 1941 he stated:
"A general treatment is required for the Jewish problem
for which a temporary solution will have to be
determined (forced labor for the Jews, creation of
Ghettos, etc.) " (1024-PS)
On 8 May 1941, instructions were prepared for all Reich
Commissars in the Occupied Eastern Territories (1030-PS).
The last paragraph of these instructions reads as follows:
"From the point of view of cultural policy, the German
Reich is in a position to promote and direct national
culture and science in many fields. It will be
necessary that in some territories an uprooting and
resettlement of various racial stocks [Voelkerschaften]
will have to be effected." (1030-PS)
In his "Instructions for a Reich Commissar in the Baltic
Countries and White Russia" (officially referred to together
as the "Ostland"), Rosenberg directs that the Ostland be
transformed into a part of the Greater German Reich by
Germanizing racially possible elements, colonizing Germanic
races, and banishing undesirable elements. (1029-PS)
In a speech delivered by Rosenberg on 20 June 1941 he stated
that the job of feeding Germans was the top of Germany's
claim on the East; that there was no obligation to feed also
the Russian peoples; that this was a harsh necessity bare of
any feeling; that a very extensive evacuation would be
necessary; and that the future would hold many hard years in
store for the Russians. (1058-PS)
On 22 June 1941 the German armies invaded the U.S.S.R.
(b) Deportation of Prisoners of War for Labor in the Reich.
On 4 July 1941 a representative of the Rosenberg Bureau
attended a conference on the subject of mobilization of
labor and utilization of Soviet prisoners of war. A
memorandum of this conference (1199-PS) states that among
the participants were representatives of the Commissioner
for the Four-Year Plan, of the Reich Labor Ministry, of the
Reich Food Ministry, and of the Rosenberg Bureau. The
conference proceeded as follows:
"After an introduction by Lt. Col. Dr. Krull, Lt. Col.
Breyer of the P.W. department explained that actually
there was in effect a prohibition by the Fuehrer
against bringing Russian P.W.'s into the Reich for
mobilization of labor [Arbeitseinsatz]; but that one
might count on this prohibition being relaxed a
"The chairman summarized the results of the discussion
as indicating that all the interested bureaus
unqualifiedly advocated and supported the demand for
utilization of P.W.'s because of manpower needs
[Arbeitseinsatz] in the Reich. The War Economy and
Armament office will approach the Commissioner for the
Four-Year Plan with a request for relaxation of the
restrictive regulations and express to the Chief of
Operational Staff of the Armed Forces its point of
view, accordingly." (1199-PS)
(c) Germanization. On 16 July 1941, the day before
Rosenberg's appointment as Minister of the Occupied East, he
attended a conference at the Fuehrer's Headquarters. At that
time Hitler stated that
"The Crimea has to be evacuated by all foreigners and
to be settled by Germans alone." (L-221)
Hitler further stated that Germany's objectives in the East
were three-fold, first, to dominate it; second, to
administer it; third, to exploit it. (L-221)
Thus, the character of the administration contemplated for
the Occupied East was well established before Rosenberg took
office as Minister of the Occupied East. He knew of these
plans and was in accord with them. Persecution of the Jews,
forced labor of prisoners of war, Germanization and
exploitation were basic points of policy at the time he
assumed office.
(2) Activities as Minister for the Occupied Eastern
Territories. On 17 July 1941 Hitler appointed Rosenberg as
Reichsminister for the Occupied Eastern Territories,
territories which included nearly all the area seized by
Germany from the U.S. S. R. (1997-PS)
(a) Rosenberg's complete control over, knowledge of, and
responsibility for all non-military German activities and
policies in the occupied Eastern Territories. The
organizational structure and chain of responsibility within
the Ministry for the Occupied East emphasizes Rosenberg's
responsibility.
A treatise entitled "The Organization of the Administration
of the Occupied Eastern Territories" (1056-PS) is undated
and unsigned, but further information regarding it may be
obtained by reference to document EC-347, Goering's "Green
Folder." Part II, subsection of EC-347 is entitled,
"Excerpts from the Directives of the Reich Minister for
the Occupied Eastern Territories for the Civilian
Administration. (Brown Folder, Pt. I, pp. 25-30)." (EC-
The two paragraphs which follow are identical to two
paragraphs found in document 1056-PS. Thus, 1056-PS is
identified as being a reproduction of Part I of the Brown
Folder which was mentioned in the "Green Folder," and was
issued by the Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern
The directives issued by the Rosenberg Ministry itself (1056-
PS) prove the extent of Rosenberg's authority: he was the
Supreme civilian authority in the Eastern Territories. There
was a continuous chain of command from Rosenberg down to
regional administrative officials, extending even to the
local prison warden (1056-PS). The relationship which
existed between the Rosenberg Ministry and other German
agencies varied from full control by Rosenberg, to close
cooperation with them made mandatory by his directives and
by Hitler's orders. Finally, the various subdivisions of the
Ministry were required to submit period-reports of the
situation within their jurisdiction — so that the numerous
reports of brutality which Rosenberg received were submitted
to him pursuant to his orders. (1056-PS)
The treatise on the organization of Rosenberg's ministry
states as follows:
"The newly occupied Eastern Territories are
subordinated to the Reich Minister for the Occupied
Eastern Territories. By
directions of the Fuehrer he establishes a civil
administration there upon withdrawal of the military
administration. He heads and supervises the entire
administration of this area and represents the
sovereignty of the Reich in the occupied Eastern
"To the Reich Ministry is assigned a deputy of the
Reich Leader SS and Chief of the German Police in the
Reich Ministry of the Interior." (1056-PS)
The responsibility of the Reich Commissars is described as
"In the Reich Commissariats, Reich Commissars are
responsible for the entire civil administration under
the supreme authority of the Reich Ministry for the
Occupied Eastern Territories. According to the
instructions of the Reich Minister for the Occupied
Eastern Territories the Reich Commissar, as a
functionary of the Reich, heads and supervises, within
his precincts, the entire civil administration. Within
the scope of these instructions he acts on his own
"Subordinate offices of the Reich Commissar are:
"General Commissariats,
"Main Commissariats,
"District Commissariats." (1056-PS)
The SS was placed under Rosenberg's jurisdiction and
"The Higher SS- and Police Leader is directly
subordinated to the Reich Commissar. However, the Chief
of Staff has the general right to secure information
from him also. His official title is:
'The Reich Commissar for the Eastern Territory
The Higher SS- and Police Leader.'
"Great stress is to be placed on close cooperation
between him, the Chief of Staff, and the other Main
Department Heads of the office of the Reich Commissar,
particularly with the one for Policies."
The scope of Rosenberg's control over the SS in the Occupied
Eastern Territories is revealed in a decree signed by
Rosenberg, dated 17 July 1941, and found in the
Verordnungsblatt of the Reich Minister for the Occupied
East, 1942 #2, pages 7 and 8. This decree provides for the
creation of summary courts-martial to punish crimes
committed by non-Germans in the East, as determined by the
Reich Commissar. The courts are to be presided over by a
police officer or an SS leader, who have authority to
order the death sentence and confiscation of property, and
whose decisions are not subject to appeal. The General
Commissar is given the right to reject a summary Courts'
decision. Thus, the determination of the SS is subordinated
to the authority of Rosenberg's Ministry.
The position of the General Commissar is defined as follows
in the organizational treatise:
"The General Commissar forms the administrative office
of intermediate appeal. Within his jurisdiction he
heads the administration according to the general
directives of the Reich Minister for the Occupied
Eastern Territories and the prescriptions of the Reich
Commissar."
"The SS- and Police Leader assigned to the General
Commissar is directly subordinated to him; however, the
Chief of Staff has the general right of requiring
information from him." (1056-PS)
Regional Commissars are described as follows:
"The Regional Commissar heads the entire administration
of the lower administrative office in the Circuit
District [Kreisgebiet] in accordance with the
instructions of the Genera] Commissar and the superior
offices *** The leader of the police unit assigned to
him is directly subordinated to him." (1056-PS)
Main Commissars are described in these terms:
"Upon recommendation by the Reich Commissar the Reich
Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories appoints
Main Commissars for Main Districts formed by the
consolidation of several Circuit Districts." (1056-PS)
The order of superiority in the service among these various
officials is stated as follows:
"The Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern
Territories is the service superior of the Reich
Commissar and the officials and the employees
subordinate to them. The Reich Commissar is the
superior of all officials and employees of his office
and of the offices subordinate to him. The General
Commissar is the superior of the officials and
employees of his office and of the officials and
employees of the offices of the Main and Regional
Commissars. The Main Commissar and the Regional
Commissar are the superior of the officials and
employees of their offices." (1056-PS)
Thus, there is a continuous chain of command and of
accountability from the Reich Minister, Rosenberg, down
through each subdivision of the Ministry.
Furthermore, Rosenberg had authority to legislate for the
entire area, and the jurisdiction of his Ministry was
exclusive, aside from that of the military. The
organizational treatise states:
"The Reich Commissars, General Commissars, Main
Commissars and Regional Commissars (City Commissars)
are aside from the military agenciesthe only Reich
authorities [Reichshehoerden] in the Occupied Eastern
Territories. Other Reich authorities may not be
established alongside them. They handle all questions
of administration of the area which is subordinate to
their sovereignty and all affairs which concern the
organization and activity of the administration
including those of the Police in the supervision of the
native [landeseigenen] agencies and organizations, and
of the population.
"The Reich Minister governs the occupied Eastern
Territories by order of the Fuehrer. He can make the
law for all the territories."
The following passage shows that the economic exploitation
of the territory was undertaken in fullest cooperation with
the Commissioner of the Four-Year Plan:
"The Fuehrer has entrusted Reich Marshal Hermann
Goering, as Commissioner for the Four Year Plan, with
the supervision of the tasks of the war economy in the
Occupied Eastern Territories. The economic
inspectorates and economic commands are active there as
his representatives [Organe] [see Green Folio]. These
economic inspectorates and economic commands will be
substantially absorbed in the agencies of the civil
administration after the establishment of the civil
administration." (1056-PS)
Careful provision was made for channeling to Rosenberg
complete and accurate information as to the situation
throughout the territory governed by him:
"The Reich and General Commissars will determine the
periods at which the subordinate agencies are to report
regularly about the general situation without prejudice
to the duty to provide individual reports and special
delivery reports (at first, at short intervals which
can be later lengthened). At first the Reich Commissars
will give the Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern
Territories a comprehensive report on the situation in
brief form twice a month, on the first and fifteenth of
each month. The Reich Minister is to be given a report
by the Reich Commissar immediately about incidents of
an especially important nature. The General Commissars
and Regional Commissars must report
directly to the Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern
Territories by the quickest means particularly
important incidents, as, for example, widespread
unrest, more important acts of sabotage and strikes,
great natural catastrophes and the like, and at the
same time report them to the next superior agency."
The Second Section of this organizational treatise, entitled
"Working directives for the Civil Administration," contains
"*** the Hague Rules of Land Warfare which deal with
the administration of a country occupied by a foreign
armed power are not valid." (1056-PS; EC-347)
The document continues as follows:
"The handling of cases of sabotage is the concern of
the Senior SS- and Police Leader, of the SS- and Police
Leader and/or the police leaders of the lower echelon.
Insofar, however, as collective measures against the
population of a definite region appear appropriate, the
decision about them rests with the competent Commissar
on the proposal of the Police Leader. The calling of
the population for the tasks of guarding can be ordered
by the Regional Commissar.
"The assessment of fines of money or goods, as well as
the ordering of the seizure of hostages and the
shooting of inhabitants of the territory in which the
acts of sabotage have taken place, can only be by the
General Commissar, insofar as the Reich Commissar
himself does not intervene."
"The District Commissar is responsible for the
supervision of all prisons, insofar as the Reich
Commissar does not decree otherwise." (1056-PS; EC-347)
(b) Rosenberg's Use of His Authority and Power for Criminal
Purposes. The manner in which Rosenberg's authority and
power were wielded is illustrated in other sections of this
volume, which show that in the Eastern Territories millions
of Jews were exterminated; that millions of slave laborers
were pressed into service under indescribable conditions;
that the populace was degraded, starved, beaten, and
murdered; and that the country was stripped of its
resources. However, in order to illustrate the manner in
which Rosenberg participated in the criminal activities
conducted within his jurisdiction, four examples may be
mentioned.
1. Seizure of Jewish Property. The first illustration
is contained in the decree signed by Lohse,
Reichscommissar for the Ostland, which is published in
the Verordnungsblatt of
the Reichscommissar for the Ostland, 1942, No. 38,
pages 158 and 159. This decree provides for the seizure
of the entire property of the Jewish population in the
Ostland, including the claims of Jews against third
parties. The seizure was made retroactive to the day of
the occupation of the territory by the German troops.
This sweeping decree was issued and published by
Rosenberg's immediate subordinate, and it must be
assumed that Rosenberg knew of it and acquiesced in it.
The power to enact such a decree, as previously
outlined, arose by virtue of delegation of that power
by Rosenberg to the Reichscommissar.
2. Extermination of Jews. The second illustration is
the report of the prison warden of Minsk that 516
German and Russian Jews had been killed. The warden
called attention to the fact that valuable gold had
been lost due to the failure to knock out the tooth-
fillings of the victims before they were done away with
(R-135).
3. Deportations for Forced Labor. The third
illustration is a letter which Rosenberg wrote to
Sauckel on 21 December 1942 in the following terms:
"I thank you very much for your report on the
execution of the great task given to you, and I am
glad to hear that in carrying out your mission you
have always found the necessary support, even on
the part of the civilian authorities in the
occupied Eastern territories. For myself and the
officials under my command this collaboration was
and is self-evident, especially since both you and
I have, with regard to the solution of the labor
problem in the East, represented the same view-
points from the beginning." (018-PS)
As late as 11 July 1944 the Rosenberg Ministry was
actively concerned with the continuation of the forced
labor program in spite of the retreat from the East. A
letter from Alfred Meyer, Rosenberg's deputy, addressed
to Sauckel, dated 11 July 1944 shows that this time it
is Rosenberg's Ministry that is urging action:
"1. *** The war employment command
[Kriegseinsatzkommando] formerly stationed in
Minsk must continue under all circumstances the
calling in of your white Ruthenian and Russian
manpower for military employment in the Reich. In
addition, the command has the mission to bring
young boys of 10-14 years of age to the Reich."
(199-PS)
4. Economic Exploitation. The final illustration of
Rosenberg's criminal responsibility is contained in a
secret letter from Rosenberg to Bormann dated 17
October 1944 (327-PS). It furnishes a graphic account
of Rosenberg's activities in the economic exploitation
of the Occupied East. The first paragraph reads:
"In order not to delay the liquidation of
companies under my supervision, I beg to point out
that the companies concerned are not private firms
but business enterprises of the Reich, so that
also actions with regard to them, just as with
regard to government offices, are reserved to the
highest authorities of the Reich. I supervise the
following companies ***." (327-PS)
There follows a list of nine companies — a trading
company, an agricultural development company, a supply
company, a pharmaceutical company, and five banking
concerns. The mission of the trading company is stated
to be:
"Collection of all agricultural products as well
as commercial marketing and transportation
thereof. (Delivery to armed forces and the Reich.)
" (327-PS)
The letter continues as follows:
"During this period, the Z.O. (Central Trading
Corporation), together with its subsidiaries, has
collected:
Grain                  9,200,000 tons
Meat and meat            622,000 tons
Linseed                  950,000 tons
Butter                   208,000 tons
Sugar                    400,000 tons
Fodder                 2,500,000 tons
Potatoes               3,200,000 tons
Seeds                    141,000 tons
Other                  1,200,000 tons
and                     1,075,000,000
"The following was required for transportation:
"1,418,000 railroad box cars and 472,000 tons of
boat shipping space." (327-PS)
LEGAL REFERENCES AND LIST OF DOCUMENTS RELATING TO
Charter of the International Military Tribunal, Article 6.
Vol. I, Pg. 5.
International Military Tribunal, Indictment Number 1,
Section IV (H); Appendix A. Vol. I, Pg. 29,59
[Note: A single asterisk (*) before a document indicates
that the document was received in evidence at the Nurnberg
trial. A double asterisk (**) before a document number
indicates that the document was referred to during the trial
but was not formally received in evidence, for the reason
given in parentheses following the description of the
document. The USA series number, given in parentheses
following the description of the document, is the official
exhibit number assigned by the court.]
*001-PS;  Memorandum for the Fuehrer signed Rosenberg, 18
December 1941, concerning Jewish possessions in France. (USA
282) . Vol. III, Pg.  1.
*003-PS;  Report of activity of NSDAP Bureau for Foreign
Affairs, October 1939. (USA 603) . Vol. III, Pg. 10
*004-PS;  Report submitted by Rosenberg to Deputy of the
Fuehrer, 15 June 1940, on the Political Preparation of the
Norway Action. (GB 140) . Vol. III, Pg. 19
*007-PS;  Report on activities of the Foreign Affairs Bureau
from 1933 to 1943 signed Rosenberg. (GB 84) . Vol. III, Pg.
*016-PS;  Sauckel's Labor Mobilization Program, 20 April
1942. (USA 168) . Vol. III, Pg. 46
*017-PS;  Letter from Sauckel to Reichsminister for the
Occupied Eastern Territories, 5 October 1942, concerning
mobilization of foreign labor forces. (USA 180) . Vol. III,
*018-PS;  Letter from Rosenberg to Sauckel, 21 December
1942, concerning labor in the East. (USA 186) . Vol. III,
*019-PS;  Letter from Sauckel to Rosenberg, 17 March 1943,
concerning draft of workers from the East. (USA 181) . Vol.
III, Pg. 65
*031-PS;  Memorandum, 12 June 1944, concerning evacuation of
youths from the territory of Army Group "Center", and
interoffice memorandum, Ministry for Occupied Eastern
Territories, 14 June 1944. (USA 171) . Vol. III, Pg. 71
*054-PS;  Report to Reich Ministry for Occupied Eastern
Territories, 7 October 1942, concerning treatment of
Ukrainian Specialists. (USA 198) . Vol. III, Pg. 90
*064-PS;  Bormann's letter to Rosenberg, 27 September 1940,
enclosing letter from Gauleiter Florian criticizing churches
and publications for soldiers. (USA 359) . Vol. III, Pg. 109
*070-PS;  Letter of Deputy Fuehrer to Rosenberg, 25 April
1941, on substitution of National Socialist mottos for
morning prayers in schools. (USA 349) . Vol. III, Pg. 118
*072-PS;  Bormann letter to Rosenberg, April 1941,
concerning confiscation of property, especially of art
treasures in the East. (USA 357) . Vol. III, Pg. 122
*084-PS;  Interdepartmental report of Ministry for Occupied
Eastern Territories, 30 September 1942, concerning status of
Eastern laborers. (USA 199) . Vol. III, Pg. 130
*089-PS;  Letter from Bormann to Rosenberg, 8 March 1940,
instructing Amann not to issue further newsprint to
confessional newspapers. (USA 360) . Vol. III, Pg. 147
*098-PS;  Bormann's letter to Rosenberg, 22 February 1940,
urging creation of National Socialist Catechism, etc. to
provide moral foundation for NS religion. (USA 350) . Vol.
III, Pg. 152
*101-PS;  Letter from Hess' office signed Bormann to
Rosenberg, 17 January 1940, concerning undesirability of
religious literature for members of the Wehrmacht. (USA 361)
. Vol. III, Pg. 160
*122-PS;  Bormann's letter to Rosenberg, 17 April 1939,
enclosing copy of Minister of Education letter, 6 April
1939, on elimination of theological faculties in various
universities. (USA 362) . Vol. III, Pg. 173
*199-PS;  Letter from Alfred Meyer to Sauckel, 11 July 1944,
concerning forced labor of children. (USA 606) . Vol. III,
*212-PS;  Memorandum from Rosenberg file concerning
instructions for treatment of Jews. (USA 272) . Vol. III,
*254-PS;  Letter from Raab to Reichsminister for Occupied
Eastern Territories, 7 June 1944, concerning burning of
houses in Wassilkow district. (USA 188) . Vol. III, Pg. 231
*265-PS;  Memorandum of oral report by Lyser to Rosenberg,
30 June 1943, on situation in district Shitomir. (USA 191) .
Vol. III, Pg. 234
*290-PS;  Letter from Rosenberg Ministry, 12 November 1943,
concerning burning of houses in Mueller's district. (USA
189) . Vol. III, Pg. 240
*294-PS;  Top secret memorandum signed by Brautigam, 25
October 1942, concerning conditions in Russia. (USA 185) .
*327-PS;  Letter of Rosenberg to Bormann, 17 October 1944,
concerning liquidation of property in Eastern Occupied
Territories. (USA 338) . Vol. III, Pg. 257
342-PS;  Decree, 13 October 1941, concerning confiscation of
Jewish property. . Vol. III, Pg. 264
*789-PS;  Speech of the Fuehrer at a conference, 23 November
1939, to which all Supreme Commanders were ordered. (USA 23)
*865-PS;  Correspondence between Keitel, Rosenberg and
Lammers, April 1941, concerning appointment of Jodl and
Warlimont as OKW representatives with Rosenberg. (USA 143) .
*957-PS;  Rosenberg's letter to Ribbentrop, 24 February
1940. (GB 139) . Vol. III, Pg. 641
1015-B-PS;  Report on activities of Special Staff for
Pictorial Art, October 1940 to July 1944. . Vol. III, Pg.
*1017-PS;  Memorandum entitled "Memorial No. 1 regarding
USSR", 2 April 1941, found in Rosenberg's "Russia File".
(USA 142). . Vol. III, Pg. 674
1024-PS;  Memorandum, 29 April 1941, concerning organization
for handling problems in the Eastern Territories. (USA  278)
*1028-PS;  Memorandum from Rosenberg file, 7 May 1941,
concerning instructions for a Reichskommissar in the
Ukraine. (USA 273) . Vol. III, Pg. 690
*1029-PS;  Paper entitled "Instructions for a Reich
Commissar in the Baltic States", 8 May 1941, found in
Rosenberg's "Russia File". (USA 145) . Vol. III, Pg. 690
*1030-PS;  General instructions for all Reich Commissars in
the Occupied Eastern Territories, 8 May 1941, found in
Rosenberg file. (USA 144) . Vol. III, Pg. 692
*1039-PS;  Report concerning preparatory work regarding
problems in Eastern Territories, 28 June 1941, found in
*1056-PS;  Directives concerning administration of Occupied
Eastern Territories (Brown Folder). (USA 605) . Vol. III,
*1058-PS;  Excerpt from a speech, 20 June 1941, by Rosenberg
before people most intimately concerned with Eastern
Problem, found in his "Russia File". (USA 147) . Vol. III,
*1104-PS;  Memorandum, 21 November 1941, enclosing copies of
report concerning anti-Jewish action in Minsk. (USA 483) .
1188-PS;  Decree of Fuehrer concerning economy in newly
Occupied Eastern Territories, 20 May 1941, and attached
comment. . Vol. III, Pg. 832
*1199-PS;  Conference memorandum, 4 July 1941, concerning
utilization of Soviet PW's for forced labor in Reich. (USA
*1752-PS;  Preparation for International Anti-Jewish
Congress, 15 June 1944. (GB 159) . Vol. IV, Pg. 280
*1997-PS;  Decree of the Fuehrer, 17 July 1941, concerning
administration of Newly Occupied Eastern Territories. (USA
319) . Vol. IV, Pg. 634
*2319-PS;  Extracts from Organization Book of NSDAP, 4th
edition, 1937. (USA 602) . Vol. IV, Pg. 1009
*2349-PS;  Extracts from "The Myth of 20th Century" by
Alfred Rosenberg, 1941. (USA 352) . Vol. IV, Pg. 1069
*2433-PS;  Extracts from "Nature, Foundation and Aims of
NSDAP" by Rosenberg, 1934. (USA 596) . Vol. V, Pg.  93
*2523-PS;  Account of conversations between Goering and
Bunjes. (USA 783) . Vol. V, Pg. 258
*2777-PS;  Article: Space Policy by Rosenberg, published in
National Socialist Monthly, May 1932, p. 199. (USA 594) .
Vol. V, Pg. 418
*2886-PS;  Excerpt from "The Work of Alfred Rosenberg" — a
bibliography. (USA 591) . Vol. V, Pg. 551
*2889-PS;  The Jew Question as World Problem, speech by
Rosenberg, published in Voelkischer Beobachter, -Munich
edition, 29 March 1941. (USA 595) . Vol. V, Pg. 554
2891-PS;  Extracts from Rosenberg's "Myth of the 20th
Century" . Vol. V, Pg. 558
*3000-PS;  Report, from Chief of Main Office III with the
High Command in Minsk to Reicke, 28 June 1943, on
experiences in political and economic problems in the East,
particularly White Ruthenia. (USA 192) . Vol. V, Pg. 726
*3054-PS;  "The Nazi Plan", script of a motion picture
composed of captured German film. (USA 167) . Vol. V, Pg.
*3428-PS;  Letter from Kube, 31 July 1942, concerning
combatting of Partisans and action against Jews in White
Ruthenia. (USA 827) . Vol. VI, Pg. 131
*3528-PS;  Extract concerning NSDAP community schools, from
The Third Reich, 1934. (USA 599) . Vol. VI, Pg. 213
*3529-PS;  Extract concerning Adolf Hitler Schools, from
Documents of German Politics. (USA 365) . Vol. VI, Pg. 214
*3530-PS;  Extract containing biographical data of Alfred
Rosenberg, from The German Leader Lexicon, 1934-35. (USA
593) . Vol. VI, Pg. 214
*3531-PS;  Extract from the National Socialist Yearbook,
1938, concerning Rosenberg's office for ideological
training. (USA 597) . Vol. VI, Pg. 215
*3532-PS;  Extract from The Educational Letter, March 1934,
concerning importance of ideological training. (USA 598) .
Vol. VI, Pg. 216
*3552-PS;  Education in the Ordensburg, from The Third
Reich. (USA 577) . Vol. VI, Pg. 240
*3553-PS;  Extract from The Myth of the 20th Century. (USA
*3554-PS;  Extracts from The Myth of the 20th Century,
published in Book News, No. 11, November 1942. (USA 601) .
*3557-PS;  Extracts from Dates in History of NSDAP, 1939,
pp. 4-5. (USA 592). Vol. VI, Pg. 243
*3559-PS;  Award of German National Prize, from Alfred
Rosenberg's The Man and His Work. (USA 600) . Vol. VI, Pg.
3766-PS;  Report prepared by the German Army in France 1942
concerning removal of French art objects through the German
Embassy and the Einsatzstab Rosenberg in France. . Vol. VI,
*3780-PS;  Record of Fuehrer's conference with Oshima, 27
May 1944, concerning Japanese treatment of American terror
pilots. (GB 293). Vol. VI, Pg. 655
*C-64;  Raeder's report, 12 December 1939, on meeting of
Naval Staff with Fuehrer. (GB 86) . Vol. VI, Pg. 884
*C-65;  Notes of Rosenberg to Raeder concerning visit of
Quisling. (GB 85). Vol. VI, Pg. 885
*C-66;  Memorandum from Raeder to Assman, 10 January  1944,
concerning "Barbarossa" and "Weseruebung". (GB 81) . Vol.
VI, Pg. 887
*EC-347;  Directives for operation of the Economy in
Occupied Eastern Territories. (USA 320). Vol. VII, Pg. 421
*L-188;  Report of 8 August 1944, on confiscation up to 31
July 1944. (USA 386). Vol. VII, Pg. 1022
*L-221;  Bormann report on conference of 16 July 1941,
concerning treatment of Eastern populations and
territories.(USA 317). Vol. VII, Pg. 1086
*M-153;  Year Book of the Ausland (Foreign) Organization of
the NSDAP for 1942. (GB 284). Vol. VIII, Pg. 48
*R-135;  Letter to Rosenberg enclosing secret reports from
Kube on German atrocities in the East, 18 June 1943, found
in Himmler's personal files. (USA 289) . Vol. VIII, Pg. 205
*Chart No. 1;  National Socialist German Workers' Party.
(2903-PS; USA 2) . Vol. VIII, Pg. 770
*Chart No. 17;  Foreign Organization of the NSDAP. (2354-PS;
USA 430). End of Vol. VIII.
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Fox News host Greg Gutfield slammed the mainstream media and its divisive coverage of Black Lives Matter.
Gutfield made his comments on Fox News' "The Five" on Monday, criticizing the media which "slobbers"over a photo of a black woman standing in the middle of a street facing police officers in riot gear in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
He blasted The New York Times for a story it published Sunday stating that the death of the Dallas police officers last week by a sniper halted the "strides" of the Black Lives Matter movement.


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Why Choose Allen Tate to Buy
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Master Title
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We care, We give
Charlotte Region
10715 stone bunker drive
10715 Stone Bunker Drive Mint Hill, NC 28227
2 full,	1 half
CAR3616938
Olde Sycamore
Master BR on Main
Garage - 2 Car
Parking Space - 4+
$136 Quarterly
Gas Hot Air Furnace
Cable Prewire
CO Detector
Plumbed For Ice Maker
Open Floorplan
Tray Ceiling
Room Floor
Underground Power Lines
union county public schools
hemby bridge elementary school
stallings elementary school
porter ridge elementary school
poplin elementary school
porter ridge middle school
porter ridge high school
sardis elementary school
indian trail elementary school
unionville elementary school
central academy at lake park
bible baptist christian school
the school at thompson
covenant day school
hickory grove baptist christian school
friends school of charlotte
trinity christian preparatory school
evelyn mack academy
the fletcher school
carmel christian school
Community - Mint Hill
Data compiled from available Multiple Listing Service sources.
Mint Hill is a suburban town of Charlotte, located approximately 12 miles southeast of the city. This oak-dotted area provides a small-town feel and country charm for residents and visitors alike, just minutes from it all.
Mint Hill is a pristine community to call home, as the area holds tree-lined streets along well-designed and friendly neighborhoods. You will find a variety of homes in Mint Hill, ranging from quaint single-story residences to enormous estates. Styles of Mint Hill homes include traditional, Colonial, Craftsman, and more. Real estate is more affordable in Mint Hill when compared to the median values in the Charlotte Metro area and are valued more than the rest of the state as a whole. Home values are continually on the rise here, as the estimated median home value jumped by more than $100,000 between the year 2000 and 2011.
Lifestyle and Attractions
Mint Hill is a quiet suburb conveniently located about 12 miles from Uptown Charlotte. This mostly residential region is known for its wonderful parks and tight-knit community. Small ponds and lakes are scattered throughout Mint Hill, adding to the town's natural beauty. Additionally, there are a number of municipal parks, including Park on Wilgrove and Mint Hill Veterans Memorial Park with picnic shelters, volleyball courts, soccer fields, a softball field, a disc golf course, a playground, nature trail, a wetland, and more. Pine Lake Country Club includes 157 rolling green acres filled with towering trees, a golf course, tennis courts, an Olympic-size pool, and much more.
The community comes together with annual festivals and events, including Mint Hill Madness every Memorial Day. The town hosts a Family Fun Nights series between April and September, providing high-quality monthly events to promote the town and all it has to offer in a fun, social setting. In addition to the local shops and businesses located throughout Mint Hill, residents may go shopping at the Sycamore Commons Shopping Center and other neighboring shopping complexes. Mint Hill hosts a variety of family-owned comfort and Southern food restaurants in town, in addition to well-known chain establishments.
Many residents commute to work in Charlotte, most commonly in professional fields such as banking, technology, healthcare and research.
Nearby Schools and Higher Education
Mint Hill has nine public schools in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, including Bain Elementary, Mint Middle School and Independence High School. Nearby private schools include Bible Baptist Christian School in Matthews and Trinity Christian Preparatory School just west of Mint Hill. Central Piedmont Community College is located in the immediate vicinity of Mint Hill, and residents may easily access a variety of colleges and universities in the Charlotte region, including University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Johnson & Wales University, and many more.
Some attribute the name of Mint Hill to a former gold mint, but a prominent tale points to Joshua Waters, one of the area's first postmasters. He was asked to suggest a name for the town, and he suggested Mint Hill because he grew mint on the hill located behind his house. Mint Hill was officially incorporated in 1971, with a population of 2,284 at the time. The town has seen steady growth since that day, and now hosts approximately 25,000 residents. The Mint Hill Historical Society educates residents and visitors about the area's history through live demonstrations and events throughout the year. They also host a seasonal farmers' market at the Carl J. McEwen Historical Village, which reflects rural life in early Mint Hill with a restored country doctor's office, a one-room schoolhouse, a country store, and more.
Approximate Distance to:
Uptown Charlotte: 12 Miles
Charlotte Douglas International Airport: 19 Miles
Hospitals:
Novant Health Presbyterian Medical Center: 11.5 Miles
Carolinas Medical Center: 12.5 Miles
Major Highway:
I-485: 2 Miles
Properties within a 2.84 mile radius and similar in price (± 10%)
10916 Sycamore Club Drive
MLS# CAR3683404
1308 Mill Race Lane
11 Millview Lane
Stallings, NC 28104
7929 White Cliffs Drive
1249 Hawthorne Drive
6769 Stoney Ridge Road
: {{openHouse}}
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Data last updated: 01/17/21.
Some properties that appear for sale on this website may subsequently have been sold and may no longer be available. All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified. School assignments are subject to change. Please consult with the appropriate school system for student assignment.
Based on information submitted to the MLS GRID as of 01/17/21 at 09:13:38 PM. All data is obtained from various sources and may not have been verified by broker or MLS GRID. Supplied Open House Information is subject to change without notice. All information should be independently reviewed and verified for accuracy. Properties may or may not be listed by the office/agent presenting the information.
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