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The Grey (2012)
tags: Anne Openshaw, Dallas Roberts, David J. Fowlie, Dermot Mulroney, film, Frank Grillo, Joe Carnahan, Liam Neeson, Ridley Scott, The Grey
written by: Joe Carnahan and Ian McKenzie Jeffers (based on his book, Ghost Walker)
produced by: Joe Carnahan, Jules Daly, Mickey Liddel & Ridley Scott
directed by: Joe Carnahan
rating: R (for violence/disturbing content including bloody images, and pervasive language)
U.S. release date: January 27, 2012
In order to sell Joe Carnahan's new action thriller "The Grey" to moviegoers, they needed to focus on what folks have come to expect from Liam Neeson this time of year. It started with the success of "Taken", a couple years back and continued with last year's flop, "Unknown", both released around this time of the year. With his quiet and coarse voice, the towering Neeson became an unlikely yet fitting action star. "The Grey" is unlike those two films or other big-budget Hollywood survival films, but from the looks of the "man vs. wild" TV spots and theatrical trailers, you'd never know. In fact, it's almost comical to see a bloodied Neeson strap liquor bottles shrapnel to his knuckles and charge a menacing black wolf. Before I saw the film, it seemed silly, and now that I have, it seems crazy because that scene isn't even in it.
Despite the misleading ads, this is far more than a full-on war between savage wolves and an Irish actor leading a group of rag-tag survivors. "The Grey" is rather a grim existential horror film, snowed with poignant pathos and chilling terror. It feels more like an indie film than any mainstream action flick.
The story drops us in the darkness of an Alaskan night, where we meet loner John Ottway (Liam Neeson, who reunites with "The A-Team" helmer Carnahan, after co-star Bradley Cooper dropped out), making his way into a loud rec room at the oil refinery where he works, as a mess of other lowlifes and outcasts enjoy coarse cavorting. It's the last night on the gig before everyone is loaded into a plane back to Anchorage. As Ottway sits at the bar, the camera zooms in on him, with his vacant stare and furrowed brow, and all exterior noise fades away. There's something going on with this troubled man. He is distracted, consumed by his thoughts and possibly inner demons.
We start to see intercut scenes of Ottway sitting down in his quarters, writing a letter to his wife (Anne Openshaw, from Carnahan's "Narc"), followed by tender images of them laying in their bed together from his memory. It's clear his current disposition has something to do with his wife, but it's unclear if they are divorced or separated because of his behavior, or if something else happened to them/her.
Whatever it is, it's led him to kneel outside in the snow with the business end of his rifle in his mouth. He doesn't go through with it though. For, whatever troubles Ottway already has, we know he's about to experience much more in this godforsaken place as he boards a plane with everyone else the next day.
Carnahan establishes quite a bit in these opening scenes, without insulting us with any needless exposition. We get an idea what kind of men we'll be spending the next two hours with, as well as what kind of work they do. Ottway's specific job is as a positioned sharpshooter, making sure the men working on the pipeline are protected from attacks by the indigenous animals surrounding the area – aka, wolves. Beyond some initial narration from Neeson's character (appropriately moody and monotone), at no point do we have a character or a scene that just comes out and spells everything out for us. After all, these are men of few words, so it makes sense that Carnahan has the same approach.
While the set-up is somewhat stereotypical, it's still much more minimal than what we've come to expect from this kind of film – especially for a January release. Of course, all this leads up to the expected plane crash, and considering there have been countless crashes on the big-screen and television (that pilot episode of Lost still raises hairs, thank you Mr. Abrams), Carnahan actually does something different by building the intensity from within. Balancing nerve-wracking sounds like the creaking fuselage from the jolting turbulence with intimate close up shots of Ottway and the anxious passengers. Carnahan even allows the cabin's cold temperature to add to the suspence, as the camera quietly pans out down the lone aisle, capturing breath circling in the air like plumes of smoke.
Then it happens. And instead of some ground level exterior CGI shot of a plane breaking apart, we see fast and frenzied camera work, just as if it would happen if we were there. But Carnahan locks on Neeson during this time – not because he's the star, but rather because we're already invested in him. So, as everything breaks apart around him and he is lost in visions of his beautiful wife, tellin him, "Don't be afraid", we are right there with her, hoping he can muster the strength to carry on.
Amongst the snow-swept wreckage, Ottway tries to help the injured (without much success) and soon finds himself with about a half-dozen survivors, searching for warmth, food, and anything else they can find. There are some stock characters among them, such as: the volatile Latino (Frank Grillo) who refuses to show fear or except Ottway's defacto leadership, the hard-working father (an indistinguishable, but good Dermot Mulroney) who longs to get back with his daughter, and the quasi-religious minded guy (Dallas Roberts) that is tries to keep everyone together, both physically and emotionally. Sure, these are familiar types, but the screenplay allows for decent, even thought-provoking characterization (usually during moments of campfire rest), while they make their way to a forest in hopes of defending themselves from the pursuing wolves.
As for those wolves, with their glowing eyes – they are indeed frightening. Mainly because it's their environment and how slim the options are to fend them off, let alone persevere through the brutal atmosphere these hounds call home. The violence here is real and vicious, but like the best thrillers, Carnahan knows that what is most frightening is what you don't see. Hearing the constant yelping and the howling and the growling really did a number on my psyche as I sat in the theater, and made me wonder – at what point would I break in this situation or would I turn into someone else entirely?
In that sense, "The Grey" kind of reminded me of "The Walking Dead" (moreso the Robert Kirkman comic than the AMC series), and the toll it takes on a group and an individual to endure, move on, and especially maintain some semblance of who you are. Despite the clichéd bickering and bonding, there is some thought-provoking observances thrown about among this battered group. We know these men are going to die, just as they do, but they're all holding on to a chance that something will happen, or at least holding on to an image of someone dear to them worth going on for. To live, they must navigate unbelievably challenging terrain, but the survival mode starts in their heads, putting aside any bravura and embracing their fears.
In the end, regardless of what they've done or where they're from, these men are all the same. Such commonality combined with the "man vs. nature" survival subgenre is always intriguing to me. In many ways, "The Grey" is comparable to "Frozen" and "127 Hours" with their similar environments and antagonists (both feral and geographic), but at the same time, I was surprised by its unexpected weight and depth. Those seeking yet another Neeson actioner will surely be satisfied (thankfully, minus any wolf fisti-cuffs with the actor) and might even find their thoughts lingering back to more than just the action, long after viewing.
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CMrok93 permalink
Great review. Neeson is out-standing here and gives probably one of his best performances that we have seen from him in a very long time. The rest of the film also works because there's not only this certain paranoia going on but even when the "action" comes, it's tense, brutal, and surprising. Best film of the year so far even though that's definitely not saying much. Check out my review when you get the chance.
Matthew Gramitt permalink
You don't see many films like this one, not anymore. It seemed like a 70's film – maybe a "Jeremiah Johnson", or a "Deliverance", but shot and edited in a more modern style. I thought it was great, every bit as good as at least 3 of the 4 films I've seen that are currently up for a Best Picture Oscar.
Everything was really good, but the acting was particularly impressive. I predict a Best Supporting Oscar nomination next year for Frank Grillo. I didn't even recognize him from his role in "Warrior", which I just saw (and really enjoyed) last week. Keep an eye on this guy.
I have just two mild gripes about the film, both of which, I think, have to do with editing choices:
I thought the flashbacks or memories of Ottway's (Neeson) father and wife were a little ineffective. They seemed more like ghosts, pushing wispy hints of ideas at him, than the deep meaningful memories I think they were supposed to be.
And also, the ending. I'm fine with how the story ended, but I think how they did it could have been much stronger. *SPOILER ALERT* The "fight and die" theme/poem should have been hammered in with a little more gusto earlier, so that when we get there at the end, we really understand those sentiments as Ottway does. Perhaps some better reaction shots earlier, of Ottway struggling to accept Diaz's decision to pack it in. In the final scene, and just before it, I felt like we needed to linger a bit longer with Ottway, so we could make that same decision along with him. But then again…as so many are saying, there are existential themes here. HIS choice, Ottway's, and no one else's, including the audience's, is therefore what's important. So, I'm not gonna hold the end scene against the film too much. Just the final shot. I'm really getting annoyed by the very predictable cut to black endings, such as the one in this film. As soon as these films begin that final shot, you can feel it's gonna happen. Time to put that one to rest and come up with something new.
Well, Grillo may have a shot at Oscar gold when "The Grey" gets rereleased in the fall for awards consideration – at least those are the rumors. An interesting tactic, for sure, and one you don't see that often. I certainly cannot recall the last time a film was released this early in the year and then again later on. This is the first where I've seen the studio talk about it as the movie is released on its first run.
I liked how you described the flashback imagery as ghosts – it's actually quite fitting. These are memories that haunt Ottway in someway or another, from a time that he will never return to and never get back. It seems appropriate for such a setting. While, I don't think they were ineffective, at times they did kind of pull me out of the immediate environment, but may maybe that's just what they were doing to Ottway as well.
I spoke with someone about "The Grey" just last night and he said he didn't like the ending – he even caught the end credit scene – and still didn't like it. So be it. I didn't mind the blackout ending here, especially since seeing the two Alphas (wolf and man) go at it would've been redundant; and honestly couldn't see it ending any other way.
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Smaller is better for SN Fall Fair
Jim Windle
OHSWEKEN – By all accounts the 150th Six Nations Fall Fair, although smaller, seemed more community centred and simple. More how some older members of the community may remember. There were fewer rides and a smaller midway, but other activities added for the whole family filling the arena and community hall as well as outdoor venues.
OHSWEKEN – By all accounts the 150th Six Nations Fall Fair, although smaller, seemed more community centred and simple. More how some older members of the community may remember.
There were fewer rides and a smaller midway, but other activities added for the whole family filling the arena and community hall as well as outdoor venues.
Six months ago this year's organizing committee was having to make the heart wrenching decision of whether there would be a 150th Six Nations Fall Fair or not. Years of accumulative deficits due to poor weather and maybe a few bad choices along the way drove attendance down in recent years.
One of the most expensive Fall Fair features is the main-stage show, generally conducted outdoors, which can become a complete bust if the weather does not co-operate. The big name artists required to bring big audiences, get paid the same big money if they play to 10,000 people or to 10. A rainout can be a disaster.
Most fairs have scaled back the grandstand shows accordingly, using more local acts. The concert market has been soft in general in recent years as well.
Six Nations Fair Committee chose to open the event with a free Thursday night concert, which was funded through an Ontario-150 grant, saving the committee thousands. The Thursday night kick-off featured Six Nations talent in the form of Jace Martin, Logan Staats, Lacy Hill and "Big Joe" Sharrow. That lineup was augmented by National names DJ Shub, Anjulie and Tom Wilson and Junkhouse.
By all accounts, Big Joe stole the show.
"I've been out of music for almost seven years," said the big man after the performance. "It was so great to hear the people's response when we took the stage."
A good number of those who attended the show Thursday night came especially to witness Big Joe's return. Although the headliners, Junkhouse, were amazing and deserved to headline the show, after Big Joe and his new band left the stage, most of the people left as well, as the weather began to turn cold, talking about Big Joe.
This year's fair committee will be releasing its official report for council at the Annual General Meeting, but after going into this year's fair $35,000 in the hole, the committee is anticipating a much better financial result than from recent years.
Although attendance was still relatively light, it was encouraging as far as how the event was received this year.
"It really was well received," said Fair Committee Member Michael Bomberry after a couple of days of unwinding. "All of the events were well attended."
If there was any disappointment this year it may have been the fewer number of rides for older teens and adults, but the fact there were any rides at all was due to last minute wrangling with amusement companies who are over extended during the fall fair season. Moving the event back to September made it very hard to find whatever rides they had. Next year will be better as they can book earlier.
Bomberry was also very happy with the participation of 28 venders in total including, nine food venders.
"We are already having people sign up to volunteer next year," says Bomberry. "There is a volunteer form on our Six Nations Agricultural Society Facebook page."
The whole committee was proud of how the community came together to help save and preserve a century and a half of the Six Nations Agricultural Fair.
logan staats
Jim Windle is a veteran news and sports reporter who has been published in a number of mediums and publications. contact Jim: windlejim@rocketmail.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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News / Local / Perth & Kinross
Plea for artwork to 're-animate' prominent Perth buildings
by Anita Diouri
November 9 2020, 8.06am Updated: November 9 2020, 9.56am
© SYSTEM
AK Bell Library, Perth.
Culture chiefs have announced an ambitious art competition aimed at "re-animating" two of Perth's best known buildings.
New displays will be installed at the AK Bell Library and Perth Museum and Art Gallery.
The campaign by Culture Perth and Kinross – the group in charged of the city's museums and libraries – wants the designs to reflect the Fair City's rich heritage.
It is hope the art will make the buildings more inviting and help bring in visitors.
A spokesperson said: "Culture Perth and Kinross is keen to reanimate areas of the service's two key buildings in order to positively signal and reassure potential service users and passers-by.
"To meet this aim, we intend to commission a series of artworks at the AK Bell Library and Perth Museum and Art Gallery at specific locations at each site."
© DC Thomson & Co. Ltd
Perth Museum and Art Gallery will be part of the project.
The striking artwork, which would brighten up historic columns at Perth Museum and doors at AK Bell Library, would help the service recover after months of disruption caused by Covid-19.
The successful artist will have full autonomy in creating and presenting their designs, and delivering and installing their artwork, organisers said.
A similar contest was held by Culture Perth and Kinross to find art for a huge blank wall on Mill Street.
The new temporary artworks will be in place for no more than five years.
The spokesperson added: "We were assessing proposals for delivering ambitious and striking artworks at these locations which are evocative of a positive and forward-looking sensibility after the societal disruptions and uncertainties of the preceding months.
"The commission should provide an attractive addition to buildings which should be emblematic of civic and community solidarity."
Throughout the project, Culture Perth and Kinross will work with the artist to document their progress through means such as installation time-lapse footage and filmed interviews.
Applications will be shortlisted this week, with the successful artist being chosen on Friday.
The organisation aims to have the project completed at the two venues by December 11.
AK Bell Library
culture perth and kinross
Perth Museum and Art Gallery


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Ziger|Snead Architects Transforms A. Hoen Lithograph Company
Ziger|Snead Architects transforms the historic A. Hoen Lithograph Company buildings in East Baltimore for modern use.
Gordon H. Bock
Courtesy of Ziger|Snead
Established in Baltimore in 1835 by Edward Weber and August Hoen, the A.Hoen Lithograph Co. ranked among the premier color printers and, until it closed doors in 1981, was the longest continuously operating such business in America. A. Hoen was renowned for their diverse and top-quality output, such as innovative and highly accurate color maps, medical charts, posters, and work for the National Geographic Society in Washington, DC.
Courtesy Ziger|Snead
Project A. Hoen Lithograph Company Buildings
Architect Ziger|Snead Architects
Adaptive re-use projects are something of a chrysalis, and one of the most dramatic rebirths is the steam-era factory that metamorphoses into 21st-century office space, such as the rehabilitation of the A.Hoen & Company site now underway in a former smokestack district of Baltimore, Maryland.
The buildings, which occupy an entire city block in East Baltimore, were a major area industrial center for over a century, but when abandoned in the 1980s joined other sites in the distressed "Amtrak corridor" that's suffered from lack of investment for a long time. "The A.Hoen Lithograph Company was in some unbelievable buildings," explains Steve Ziger, FAIA and partner at Ziger|Snead Architects, "the biggest being like a cathedral to industry." The team goes there a lot, he says, "and the site definitely resonates with the ghosts of workers, the sounds of presses and manufacturing, and an optimism that had disappeared from the area."
The hallmark of A.Hoen printing was fine gradations of shading produced with the lithocaustic method patented by August Hoen in 1860.
At its peak, A.Hoen & Company was a complex of six buildings. According to Jonathan Lessem, AIA, LEED AP and Principal, "The star of the show is Building One, which is quite long—320 ft. and extending the full length of the lot. Building One and Building Four date to 1885 (built for a previous occupant) and are the original buildings on the site." Building Two was added a bit later when the Hoens bought the property in 1902, and what the architects call Building Three occupied space between Buildings One, Two, and Four that was filled in 1915-16. "For this project, Building Three, with the exception of its structure, has been removed to allow for a court that will reinforce a sense of community between all of the future offices, and Buildings One, Two, and Four are restored as part of a Historic Tax Credit redevelopment."
Building One dating to the 1880s stretches the full length of the block—320 feet long and a landmark to local industry.
Building One is a textbook example of late 19th-century industrial construction, with heavy, solid-brick masonry exterior walls supporting heavy-timber framing inside. Says Lessem, "There's a tall first floor with a mezzanine on one end, and a second floor with its own mezzanine above that." Building Two he says is very similar—a very tall, two-story building, but without a mezzanine on the second floor. "When we first went to the buildings, everything was boarded over and it was hard to see inside without a flashlight. Now that it's opened up, the view is an exquisite interior longer than a football field with heavy, barn-like framing, thick, exterior masonry walls, and windows on both sides."
He adds that while the buildings are utilitarian and short on ornate decoration, there is a lot of detail and appeal to the interior. "Because this is a historic tax credit project, brick that was exposed historically cannot be covered. However, that will ultimately be an aesthetic asset."
The historic lime mortar-and-brick walls needed repointing and even wholesale rebuilding where trees had invaded.
In fact, the project benefits from multiple incentive programs: the Maryland Sustainable Communities Rehabilitation Tax Credit, New Market Tax Credits, Federal Historic Tax Credits, Baltimore City Housing & Community Development grants, and a C.O.R.E. grant from the State of Maryland. "All of our materials are being approved by the Maryland Historical Trust and National Park Service," says Lessem, adding that a lot of their projects that transform historic buildings involve Historic Tax Credits. "If it weren't for the tax credits, this project probably would not have happened."
Seeking water, pesky Paulownia trees had invaded the soft brick masonry, often separating the wythes as they grew.
Courtesy John Matteo
What's more, the A.Hoen adaptive re-use is something of a snapshot of the Ziger|Snead project list. "A large part of our practice is in Baltimore because there's so much to do here," explains Ziger, "and we like to help give back to our community and transform neighborhoods." He says projects like this—turning an abandoned complex into a community asset—have a lot of meaning for the firm. "They're not easy. They take a lot of patience, effort, and give and take. But we do these kinds of complex, messy projects really well, and we do a lot of them."
When completed later in 2019, the buildings will house offices for an uncommon mix of uses. As Ziger explains, the vision of developers Cross Street Partners is to not only transform a blighted property into a community asset, but to also find an opportunity for social services and non-profits to be together, collaboratively, in a campus setting in East Baltimore. "It's not the same as turning this site back into a printing facility; it's really recognizing the needs of the community and using the buildings as a catalyst for improvement." As of now there's a "critical mass" of social-service non-profits committed to the project, says Ziger. "That provides a kind of anchor tenant, and helps to define the type of culture that's being sought around what might be called a consortium of non-profit agencies."
This rendering of the finished A. Hoen project shows the site in East Baltimore near Amtrak and the immense size of Building One.
Stemming Deterioration and Invasion
What's the path from late 19th-century industrial plant to 21st-century office space? Not without speed bumps. Says Lessem, "One of the challenges for a building like this—especially one historically protected—is meeting modern environmental codes." He says the rehabilitation of the core shell of the building is designed to achieve a minimum of U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Silver, but normally they would also be able to attach insulation to the inside walls throughout the building. "We're restricted from doing that now and we have to leave the brick exposed." He says retrofitting building systems into a structure that didn't originally have them is another challenge, and other limits on what they can do drives decisions about the efficiency of building systems and the like. "Aside from that, there's a lot of unknowns. With a building the condition of this one, the deeper you get in, the more you uncover."
The first floor of Building One will offer new users unobstructed space longer than a football field and the visual appeal of hand-crafted construction.
Indeed, one might expect a former industrial site to hide a few lingering environmental issues, yet few would anticipate they'd be literally growing out of the woodwork, which is the case with the Paulownia trees. Native to China where they are cultivated for lumber, Paulownia trees are extremely fast growing—as much as 20 ft. a year—and so tolerant of urban environments America considers them an invasive species. As luck would have it, the soft, lightweight seeds of the Paulownia were a popular packing material of Chinese exporters in the 19th century, and some had found a home in the A.Hoen buildings with dramatic consequences.
"The lime mortar in the historic masonry was very favorable for tree growth," explains John Matteo, PE, Principal 1200 Architectural Engineers "and over time the roots would propagate within the wythes of the brick masonry and the trees would grow right up into the walls—to the point where the walls would start bulging out." As Matteo recalls, all the buildings were beset by trees, but less so in the more modern, concrete-block buildings. Evidently, water drew the trees towards the outer wythes of the multi-wythe walls. "Sometimes you would just see leaves coming out of the exterior walls, so in several locations we actually had to remove full tree trunks as much as 16 in. diameter that had grown integrally with the wall." He adds that commonly there were roots propagating along the eaves and gutters where water might be.
Classic 19th-century mill construction of heavy timbers supports the second floor but with ample capacity for a new life in a new purpose.
"Unfortunately, we found the only solution was to really dig in, track down the roots that were growing in the wall, and remove them because even a small amount left behind would regenerate and start causing problems again." No surprise, the Paulownia is sometimes called the Phoenix tree because one of its advantages as a cash crop is the roots begin growing again soon after the trees are harvested. Matteo adds that though biocides were contemplated, they were not used for environmental reasons.
For the most part though, he says structurally, the historic buildings remained very robust. "There is a lot of capacity in the historic timber and masonry walls by virtue of the previous industrial application, and we didn't have to do a general upgrading of capacity for the new uses."
Beam ends were rebuilt in-kind with timber.
Problems with the timber framing were mostly the result of moisture damage due primarily to failure of the exterior envelope—leaking roofing, windows, and doorways. "We wanted to keep the repair work consistent with the historic construction, so the timber repairs are typically either additive by sistering with new sawn or manufactured lumber or, in some cases, full replacement of members." In one area where there was a change in loading, they added new wood bracing members. "For example, we're adding a new area for mechanical units where a water tower used to be," says Matteo, "so we're reinforcing a column with new bracing elements to increase timber column capacity."
Overall, he says they're very excited to be involved with the revitalization of a set of buildings like this. "Usually they involve a certain amount of creativity in terms of really maximizing the use of the buildings, but that's why I'm attracted to them," adds Matteo. "When you're working with buildings like these, they're so massive they've got a lot of potential, and are therefore very versatile as far as types of new uses."
See another building restoration: The Sagamore Pendry Hotel
Adaptive ReuseApril 2019A. Hoen Lithograph CompanyZiger|Snead Architects
GTM Architects Customizes Union Knitting Mills
GTM Architects custom tailors an 1800s knitting mill to house a software developer's headquarters, among other tenants.
S9Architecture's Sustainable Ponce City Market
A Sears, Roebuck & Company distribution center is transformed into Ponce City Market.
The Restoration of the Abbeville Bank and Trust Co.
The restoration of the Abbeville Bank and Trust Company in Abbeville, LA, was led by Paul J. Allain, Architect.


Providers have successfully offered models of flexible delivery using 'traditional' paper-based resources. However, technology can provide great support in developing flexible models. Providers are using a whole range of tools including email, internet, instant messaging, pod casts, message boards, and mobile phones, as well as developing Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs).
upload a wide range of resources, but make sure paper-based resources have been modified for online use.
Case studies from Wirral Metropolitan College and Oxford and Cherwell Valley College offer ideas for developing a VLE-based course.
provide links to reputable websites, such as BBC Skillswise, Move On.
The Full report from Longden Training's Action Research and Development project, from the Skills for Life Support Programme, gives more detail about its journey in developing flexible learning approaches.
See Making the most of provider developed resources for flexible learning for more examples of resources developed during the Skills for Life Support Programme.


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Cov kid's royal award
A COVENTRY kid who has risen to a senior position in the Royal Family's personal staff is to be presented with an award by the Queen....
A COVENTRY kid who has risen to a senior position in the Royal Family's personal staff is to be presented with an award by the Queen.
The Queen Mother's 65-year-old steward, William Tallon - nicknamed Backstairs Billy - who grew up in Norman Place Road, Coundon, was named in the Queen's Birthday Honours.
He will be awarded with the Royal Victoria Medal (gold), which is reserved for those who have performed exceptional service to the royal household.
Mr Tallon already holds the Royal Victoria Medal (silver) and is a member of the Royal Victorian Order.
A Buckingham Palace spokesman said: "This is a personal gift from the Queen for exceptional service."
Mr Tallon was a pupil at the former Baker Butts Secondary Modern School. As a child, he was always interested in the Royal Family and, on leaving school at the age of 16, he went to work at Buckingham Palace as a junior assistant in the steward's room.
At 18, he did National Service as a Royal Air Force batman to a senior officer.
When he finished National Service he was asked to work at Clarence House, the new home of the Queen Mother, who was then recently widowed.
He has accompanied the Queen Mother on visits at home and abroad.
Coventry City FC'Hit it!' - Coventry City boss hails huge win and delivers verdict on Shipley goalSky Blues remain fourth and right on the heels of the League One leaders after another victory on the road
CoventryThe former Coventry gang member on a mission to save others from the streetsAnton Noble, who was once swept up in gang turf wars, has reached out more than 600 young people on the margins of life


In many cases the upper and lower jaw bones do not match in size, proportion and length to each other causing bite problems. Examples of such cases are severe overjet cross bite and underbite. One important thing to know is that the braces by themselves cannot change the size of the jaw bones especially in adults. In such cases one may benefit from a treatment of orthodontic treatment and jaw surgery. The orthodontic treatment is provided by Dr. Angolkar and the jaw surgery is preformed by an oral surgeon. Advancement in surgical techniques make this coordinated treatment between two specialties highly successful. Here are some examples of surgical orthodontics.
Patient CG: Upper jaw was brought forward along with orthodontic treatment.
Patient CC: Lower jaw was brought backward along with orthodontic treatment.
Patient JJ: Lower jaw was brought forward along with orthodontic treatment.


Tyler Browning joins Newcomb & Boyd's Special Technology Group as a Communications Consultant. He earned his Bachelor in Creative Technologies degree from Berry College in December of 2018.
Tyler is originally from and currently resides in Loganville, Georgia. He is engaged to be married in March to his high school sweetheart, Audrey. His family lives in Hawaii and traveling there is his favorite vacation.
Tyler loves the outdoors, as some of his favorite hobbies are fly fishing and hunting. In fact, if time and money weren't an issue, his ideal hobby would be to go fishing anywhere he wanted to. When he's not outdoors, Tyler can be found working on small home improvement projects, possibly with his favorite TV show, The Blacklist, playing in the background.


Engineered skid packages can transform the efficiency, productivity and flexibility of your business.
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Why use Engineered Skid Packages?
The advantage of this approach is that, regardless of the compressor/pump or general equipment combination, the package can be sized exactly to fit your available space. Using AFH designed skid systems, equipment will be positioned ideally to ensure it is most accessible, functional and maintainable.
At AFH, we customise engineered skid packages with complete flexibility in mind. We have developed the systems required to customise any manageable skid package to individual customer and project requirements. The integration of equipment on one easy to manage package ensures that the system will work before it gets to site and once there, will minimise installation costs.
Multidisciplinary packages are offered and previously supplied equipment includes, but is not limited to, pump sets, compressor sets, lube oil, mechanical seal support, chemical injection and measuring and monitoring systems.


Schneider Electric has launched Go Green in the City 2018, its global contest to find bold ideas and innovative solutions for smarter, more energy-efficient cities.
Fawley - a smart city from the ground up?
The ambition to build a new town, Fawley Waterside, from the 'internet up' as a global exemplar that has fully considered what is needed to create a successful and happy community.
Smart LED street lights in Guangzhou, China.
Amey has begun work installing 56,000 new LED Luminaires to street lights in a three-year contract for Manchester City Council.


Hoping to bring back the priceless pleasure of a handcrafted product and its unique backstory, these three tableware designers and their wares can help you revisit forgotten arts and crafts by skilled artisans from different parts of India. Scroll through to take a look at some of their stunning creations.
A trip to Ladakh in 2013 forever changed the way graphic designers and friends Malika Budhiraj and Surkhi Matharu looked at utensils. While devouring a delicious Kashmiri meal in the hills, they were surprised by the unattractiveness of the plates they were eating from. Their love for food, design, and detail led them on a mission to make the presentation of Indian food more colourful.
"It's tricky to train artists because our designs are too fine and intricate, but the process of watching our illustrations being re-created on metalware is a true delight. We are also thrilled about giving these artisans work on a regular basis," says Budhiraj. Their designs are their own, but sometimes they borrow influences from Indian arts such as Phulkari, depending on the food and the restaurant in context. "We are also trying to bring back 'gold' as a colour for tableware through the use of brass," says Budhiraj. This India-inspired brand currently supplies tableware to restaurants such as The Bombay Canteen in Mumbai, and the Made In Punjab chain in Delhi.
Pottery is a lifestyle choice for Kulkarni and Naik. What makes them happy is getting immersed in clay and sitting over the potter's wheel. The duo specialise in small-batch pottery, creating plates, serving bowls, casseroles, jugs and mugs with their own bare hands–without any karigar for assistance. Their collections are earthy with names such as 'Sahyadri Green' to indicate their inspiration, and their style borrows from Japanese pottery that is minimal, straight-line, and clean aesthetic.
It all started with the search of a single cake stand for Shivangini Parihar. "I have grown up in a household where everything was made by hand, so when I wanted to buy a cake stand, I just decided to get it made," she says. Parihar grew up near a farm in Miyagam, Gujarat in the 1980s, in the thick of the farm-to-table revolution, to farmer parents who reared cattle and processed their own grain. The thrill of sourcing the right wood, finding the right carvers and picking the right design detailing for the cake stand led to Parihar quitting her career in advertising and starting her homeware design venture full-time with her friend, Rekha Datla. The Summer House's collection of everyday-use pieces includes cake stands, butter dishes, rolling pins, and cheese platters in wood and marble.


I have a remoterig with me in Oman, Middle East. Using a FT857D, it works if Im back in Netherlands at remote locations. Here in Oman I can not get it to work. I have tried a number of things like; from my office (no success, internet provided by Omantel), from my hotel (where I have registered the MAC of the remoterig). The remoterig with me here does get an IP from the hotel's DHCP but still I cannot switch my radio on at home. My ports are forwarded and I can even get into my remoterig box at home through the portforwarding. I am puzzled. I will attach a few screenshots from the rig side. I also have the ipconfig /all of the hotel but don't really want to share that here.
I hope someone has a solution.
Were you able to solve it in UAE?
Ok cheers Mitch will do so. I will also try another way of bridging without a firewall active. I just thought of a few more options and experiments to do.


Microsoft has released another security patch against 'Spectre Variant 2' bug found on Intel chips.
Intel noted that this microcode can cause 'higher than expected reboots and other unpredictable system behaviours,' adding that situations like this may result in 'data loss or corruption'.
"While Intel tests, updates and deploys new microcode, we are making available an out of band update 'KB4078130' that specifically disables only the mitigation against CVE-2017-5715 - Branch target injection vulnerability," Microsoft wrote on its support page on Sunday.
"Our own experience is that system instability can in some circumstances cause data loss or corruption. In our testing this new update has been found to prevent the behaviour described," Microsoft said.
Microsoft is also offering a new option — available for advanced users on impacted devices — to manually disable and enable the mitigation against Spectre Variant 2 (CVE 2017-5715) independently via registry setting changes.
"There are no known reports to indicate that this Spectre variant 2 (CVE 2017-5715 ) has been used to attack customers, Microsoft said.
After chip-maker Intel confirmed a potential security flaw in its chips, Microsoft issued emergency updates to supported versions of Windows earlier this month.
Intel Corp had confirmed two security flaws — Meltdown and Spectre — in its chips, that were vulnerable to hacking.
Intel CEO Brian Krzanich later allayed fears of any data breach.
Addressing the gathering at his keynote address at the CES 2018 earlier this month, Krzanich said, "Our primary goal has been to keep our customers safe. We have not received any information that these exploits have been used to obtain customers' data."
The Intel CEO urged everyone to patch their systems as soon as these are available.


Are we in such a hurry to get somewhere because we over slept or we got home late. I saw many that went through stop signs and red lights today. Are we that stupid that we don't have patience anymore. Do we think by running a red light we will get to our destination sooner or on time? Do we have to move so fast only to get stuck behind a slow car or hit every red light. Do we not think of traffic and plan for delays since we drive the same roads day after day? Why do we not take a moment and think or slow down if you're late it's your fault for not leaving earlier and predict traffic especially if you travel the same road.
Self-publishing authors are a unique and hearty bunch, pushing themselves to their limits to produce great works — with no guarantees. Prolific Outskirts Press author Faye Stine is one such writer. To date, she's authored six books under the Outskirts Press name, and we're looking forward to more from this talented author. This week we features Faye in our Self-Publishing Author Spotlight.
Fay Stine is a market research analyst and a well known professional. Her writing career began as early as her teens and she enjoys her work as well as producing a compelling and interesting novel.
Carol Brewington is self-publishing a book with Outskirts Press. And she wants your help deciding her book cover.
This Is a Delicious Tale of Mayhem, Money, Murder and Mansions on the Beach ! ! !
Carol Porter is a hard driving realtor in North Beach, Maryland, where realty and money are on everyone's minds. Some shady property deals have led to two women being strangled to death with pantyhose years earlier; now another realtor is dead, and the killer is still at large.


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Found 735 american history tutors in Bronx, NY 10451 – page 9 of 74.
Hi, I'm Niyah! I am currently enrolled in Mercy College to get my Masters in Childhood Education. I am a Honors Student and a recipient of the Mercy Scholars full tuition scholarship.
I am proficient in tutoring in subjects such as English grammar and punctuation, biology, history (I was a History minor in college), and elementary school mathematics. My teaching style is relaxed.


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Beilein says he apologized for 'thugs' comment about Cavs
Cleveland Cavaliers head coach John Beilein yells instructions to players in the second half of an NBA basketball game against the Detroit Pistons, Tuesday, Jan. 7, 2020, in Cleveland. Detroit won 115-113.(AP Photo/Tony Dejak)
By NOAH TRISTER AP Sports Writer
DETROIT (AP) — Cleveland Cavaliers coach John Beilein said Thursday he has apologized after reportedly using the word "thugs" during a film session with his players the previous day.
ESPN.com, citing unidentified sources, reported that Beilein suggested during a Wednesday film session that his players were no longer playing "like a bunch of thugs." Beilein told ESPN he had meant to say "slugs" in reference to the team's effort level.
Beilein repeated that explanation Thursday after his team's shootaround in Detroit, where the Cavaliers face the Pistons on Thursday night.
"I was saying: 'We're making a lot of mistakes mentally, and we deserve better because we're really playing hard right now. We're not playing like slugs. We're playing hard,'" Beilein said. "And somehow that word came out."
Beilein said he called the players afterward to explain the situation, and he said he apologized.
"There was really positive reinforcement from the guys this morning and last night. Very understanding, but it's something that certainly they understand that it was serious," Beilein said. "Something that shouldn't have happened."
It's been a rocky start for Beilein, a wildly successful college coach who left his job at Michigan to take over the Cavaliers before this season. Cleveland is 10-27 entering Thursday's game, and there have been hints of dysfunction along the way.
About a month ago, a report in The Athletic cited unidentified players saying that Beilein was being tuned out. More recently, star forward Kevin Love had a verbal exchange with general manager Koby Altman. Love also threw up his arms in disgust several times while on the floor. Love later said he was "acting like a 13-year-old."
Follow Noah Trister at https://twitter.com/noahtrister
More AP NBA: https://apnews.com/NBA and https://twitter.com/AP-Sports


Thread: Which Freebies have you received? / What did you get in the mail today?
A kashi cereal sample, the powerbar gel things (yuck) and that is about it.
I recieved 2 freebies today (both from Living Well). First was a mens Neutrogena face lotion and second was the Splenda flavours for coffee.
I got a MIR cheque from sunlight for $9.03!! yay!! alberta styling product FPC.. PM me if you wanna trade!
Join Swagbucks and earn free money and giftcards!
No mail yet. Just the paper.
Today I rec'd a Huggies FPC for diapers (Enjoy the Ride Rewards), an Alberto Hair Product FPC and a trade envelope!!
Niagara Falls for New years!!! YIPPY!!!!!
Got free May issue of Style at Home from the Cascades promo.
Can somebody please sticky this thread?
I got a lot of freebies this week!
Can't wait to see what next week's mail brings!
Yesterday I got my Websavers in the mail. Today I just received the Powerbar Gel Blasts free Sample. They look like candy, but are designed like energy drinks. Raspberry flavor.
wow..i got exactly the same..
congrats Katie. that is a great win. all those hair gadgets. wow. what contest was it?
Thanks! It was for the Conair YouStylista Twitter contest.


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שלוש המלצות לסוף אוקטובר
Sarah Lucas: Au Naturel
Since the 1980s as part of the Young British Artists group (introduced by Damien Hirst), Sarah Lucas has created an expansive body of work, dealing with issues of gender and sexuality. Her first American museum retrospective at the New Museum is the largest exhibition of her work yet. "Sarah Lucas: Au Naturel" features some of Lucas's most important projects, including early sculptures from the 1990s. From her photographic self-portraits to her stuffed-stocking bunnies, the exhibition presents an interesting take on one of the most important and controversial artists in the UK.
Through January 18th, 2019
Matthew Monahan: frNMEz
Los Angeles-based artist Matthew Monahan has always been known for his mastery of both traditional and industrial materials. In his show at the Anton Kern Gallery, he presents a group of freestanding figurated sculptures and painting on aluminum, reflecting a physical and mental perspective on the history of figuration. By using primarily black and white mediums, Monahan forces the viewer to zoom in and out across the room to understand the objects in space, as they overlap and crossfade.
Through October 20th
Anton Kern Gallery
Bruce Nauman: Disappearing Acts
This MoMa PS1's retrospective carefully examines Nauman's approach across media and throughout the decades,
in the most comprehensive exhibition of the artist's work ever assembled.
Best known for his works with neon, American artist Bruce Nauman employed a tremendous range of materials and working methods throughout his career, revealing how mutable experiences of time, space, movement, and language provide an unstable foundation for understanding our place in the world. Defying categorization, Nauman's art constantly shifts between mediums, senses, and modes of experience.
MoMa and MoMa PS1


Are you the kind of car owner that just wants to get from point A to point B with minimal fuss, maintenance, and expense, or are you an automobile enthusiast who loves to customize and tinker with your ride? Your answer to that question will likely determine your feelings toward what looks like an increasingly autonomous, collective, and minimalist future for personal vehicles. The days of being able to work on your own car without a degree in electrical engineering are already almost out the door, and soon, we may even find ourselves saying goodbye to the ability to access the engine and other mechanical parts.
In fact, in the near future, we might not even own more than just a small part of a vehicle. In the case of Jaguar's recently released "Future-Type" concept, that part would be a removable computerized steering wheel, which functions like an Alexa-style smart home device: you keep it with you and use it to summon the actual vehicle, set appointments, play music, and control the rest of your smart home. Now, another concept by oiio is taking that idea a few steps further.
This modular AI-equipped autonomous vehicle doesn't look like any car we've seen before. It's a dome-shaped transparent blob on four caster-style wheels, and there aren't even any seats inside (nor is there a dashboard, steering wheel, or anything you'd expect to find inside a passenger vehicle). oiio wants to completely reimagine what cars look and act like. Why be limited by the past?
The idea is that you can separate the cabin of the vehicle from its mechanical parts. The driver owns the cabin and can take it home or to work with them, driving it right inside so they never even have to step outdoors if they don't want to. The AI-controlled autonomous base, on the other hand, would go back to a public hub to be charged and maintained, so you'd never have to worry about keeping up with repairs, oil/tire changes, inspections, or any of the other potentially-annoying minutiae of car ownership.
Of course, our cities aren't exactly equipped for this theoretical future in their current state. These blob-shaped seatless vehicles would only be safe if every other vehicle operated the same way — it only takes one impatient human driver speeding through streets filled with delicate autonomous cars to create a huge problem. On top of that, those wheels don't look capable of taking on much more than perfectly flat, well-maintained roads in ideal weather conditions. Plus, most of us would prefer to sit down while the car is moving (some of us even need to).
oiio has also imagined architecture and infrastructure that incorporate vertical lifts for their cabin pods, so they can travel right up the sides of skyscrapers. It seems pretty cool, but it won't be happening anytime soon. Still, it's an interesting vision of what could be if we could somehow remove ourselves from all the current constraints keeping an overabundance of heavily polluting personal vehicles on our roads.


Designated Foreign Nationals – Restrictions on Applications for Permanent Residence - Canada Immigration and Visa Information. Canadian Immigration Services and Free Online Evaluation.
This Operational Bulletin (OB) provides instructions to officer on dealing with specific Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs). It guides them on the process they would need to follow when dealing with Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs) submitted by Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs).
The authorities would make a designation over a foreign national. This individual would be a member of the group, whose arrival is the subject of the designation. On receiving the designation, the individual would become the Designated Foreign National (DFN).
This is in accordance with subsection 20.1 (2).
The authorities have established this five year bar Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs) submitted by Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) to act as a deterrent. They believe that it would act as a deterrent to those considering to enter Canada as part of an irregular arrival.
Cessation: In some situations, the Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) might not become permanent residents. This typically takes place when the Minister makes an application for the cessation of refugee protection. In this scenario, the Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) will not become permanent residents until the conclusion of the Minister's application.
Situations could arise where the Minister makes an application for cessation for Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) after the Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) have submitted their Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs). In this scenario, the officers would need to suspend the processing of the Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs). They would need to do this until the conclusion of the application for cessation.
They would do so regardless of whether the released individuals already have reporting requirements or not.
The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) Inland Enforcement would need to provide information on the release mechanisms available to certain individuals. They would do this for Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs) in detention, at the time of a designation.
Doing so would enable Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) to access the information.
They would do this for an existing Application for Permanent Residence (APR).
The applicant would need to make the necessary submissions. Thereafter, the CIC would make a decision on whether or not they should extend the bar.
The following table explains the restrictions on the Applications for Permanent Residence (APRs). It concerns the applications received from Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs). It covers all categories, including those received overseas.
The following chart explains when the authorities would need to suspend the processing of an existing Application for Permanent Residence (APR). It concerns applications received from Designated Foreign Nationals (DFNs). It covers all categories, including those received overseas.


Vanaweb gallery updates in August 2017. Vana shoots in a blue satin and black spotty sheer lace nightwear in Fringe Fetish. She models in a silver satin blouse, skirt and a long silve satin nightdress in Lunar Lady. Vana wears blush satin corset top and a cream half slip in Lush Lassy. In Up It, Vana appears in a bright blue satin float crinkle dress.


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We are somewhere at the beginning of what's being called the Digital Revolution which is said to have kicked off in the 1970's when devices moved from analogue and mechanical, to digital.
Today there's more computer power in modern calculators, watches and phones than was needed to land men on the moon in 1969.
Like the Agricultural and Industrial revolutions before, this is a distinct time of great change, and it's affecting the daily lives of people all over the world.
At the heart of this revolution is a network that connects many disparate people and ideas. The Internet has, since the early 1990s, enabled us to completely change the way we communicate and do business globally. This in turn has led to huge change in the amount of information available and how it can be accessed.
Our new digital world is being shaped in three particular ways.
The first is a vast improvement in connectivity. From instant messaging and video chats across social networks, to the digital stock exchange, communications and decision-making at a social and economic level have become much faster and more global in their reach.
Secondly, greater connectivity has led to far greater access to information and as a result, the convergence of media, goods and services - as well as the devices we use to consume them.
Finally, a clear growth in the personalisation of content and individual expression has emerged. We now organise, interpret and collect all sorts of digital content. We carry volumes of it with us on tiny devices and share it with others.
So as Digital Citizens, we live in a world where devices and applications deliver an increasing volume of information, faster, in more forms and available when we choose to consume or create, publish and share it with the rest of the world.
With all of this comes new risks and new benefits to consider - such as a new social etiquette within social media, and potential privacy issues as we store more information off local machines and onto the so-called "cloud".
All these changes to the way we live, and the domestic, industrial, philosophical, cultural and scientific breakthroughs that accompany them, point to perhaps the most significant and enabling revolution yet.
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23 Paces to Baker Street is een Amerikaanse thrillerfilm van Henry Hathaway die werd uitgebracht in 1956.

De film is gebaseerd op de roman Warrant for X van thrillerauteur Philip MacDonald. Het verhaal vertoont gelijkenissen met de Alfred Hitchcockthriller Rear Window (1954) waarin het eveneens gehandicapte hoofdpersonage, hier vertolkt door een mindervalide James Stewart, ook getuige is van een moordplan en niet geloofd wordt door de politie.

Verhaal

Philip Hannon, een beroemde toneelschrijver, heeft de Verenigde Staten verlaten sinds hij blind is geworden ten gevolge van een verkeersongeval. Hij heeft zich in Londen gevestigd waar Jean, zijn verloofde, hem weer op het spoor komt. Zij wil hun relatie voortzetten maar hij maakt haar duidelijk dat hij een nieuw leven is begonnen, met de hulp van zijn secretaris.

Op een dag vangt hij in de bar om de hoek toevallig een conversatie op waar sprake is van ontvoering en moord. Hij verwittigt Scotland Yard maar inspecteur Grovening gelooft hem niet. Het wordt Hannon spoedig duidelijk dat een drama alleen maar kan verijdeld worden indien hijzelf op onderzoek uitgaat. Hij doet daartoe een beroep op zijn verloofde en op zijn secretaris ...

Rolverdeling
 Van Johnson: Phillip Hannon
 Vera Miles: Jean Lennox
 Cecil Parker: Bob Matthews
 Maurice Denham: inspecteur Grovening
 Isobel Elsom: Lady Syrett
 Estelle Winwood: barvrouw
 Liam Redmond: meneer Murch
 Martin Benson: Pillings
 Natalie Norwick: Janet Murch
 Terence De Marney: sergeant Luce

Externe link

Amerikaanse film
Thriller (film)
Dramafilm
Film uit 1956
Film van Henry Hathaway

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


1. Allah exists. He has created the universe. However, He set up a system which operates by itself with the influence of the natural laws. He has never intervened in the universe or interfered with the human since He set up this system.
2. The only guide which leads to the truth is the reason. Human reason can discover all the truths which the religions, prophets and holy books have discovered. Reason can discover and legislate moral and administrative laws which are necessary for the social order. As a result, you do not need religions, prophets and holy books.
Those who defend this philosophy do not present any evidence to prove their claims. What they say are just comments. In other words, they believe however they wish to believe.
This situation is really baseless, irrelevant, false and ridiculous. This philosophy was born out of the political, religious, cultural and economic conditions of 16th century Europe. It was a reaction against the use of corrupted Christianity as a means of oppression by the clergy. Can you imagine that this philosophy, which does not depend on evidence, can also spread in the 21st century in the countries of Islam which cannot even be compared to Christianity with regards to fundamentals and particulars?
The fact that a philosophy like this, which does not have any evidence and has many contradictions and irrelevant notions, is able to spread especially among the youth shows that there are a variety of reasons which have caused it to spread and be accepted.
The human self (nafs) wishes to live free, unrestricted and however he wishes. This philosophy promises a complete liberty and independence for the human nafs which does not like any rule, regulation, law and enforcement. This philosophy, which accepts the existence of One God but rejects believing in any religion and prophet – thus releasing people from the obligation and trouble of obeying the commands and prohibitions of religions – can unfortunately have influence on some youth who are used to living a life in comfort with money and even are addicted to such a lifestyle.
In the last twenty years, enormous developments and revolutions have been seen in the technology of communication and news. The world has become like a village especially with the internet taking its central role in life. Information has begun to be spread and shared at a magnificent speed. This condition has unfortunately brought about a lot of great troubles along with all of its benefits to humans. Certain emotions which are not or cannot be satisfied in real life have had the opportunity to be satisfied in virtual world. Using social media wrongly and in an uncontrolled way as if it is a virtue, a generation is seen today who has become addicted to being liked, formed a habit of hypocrisy and is insensitive to real life and events. Due to the internet and smartphones, loads of sins are just one touch away. For this reason, the lofty feelings which turn a human into the perfect human being have been shaken up. It has become such that happiness equals a smart phone with full battery or a computer with internet connection. A fake and virtual life of paradise has been presented to the human being. Having become captivated by pleasure, enjoyment and entertainment, the lower selves have been cut loose from their reins.
In parallel with all these negative effects of information, communication and correspondence technology, purchasing power has increased. Life standards have improved. There has been an incredible increase in the number of individuals who have opened their eyes to a comfortable life and have never suffered financial difficulty or impossibilities.
Material development, progress and economic welfare are of course great causes which all the societies want and agree upon to achieve. However, while struggling to achieve this goal, as a result of the destruction of the spiritual and moral values, the worst, most grave and terrible result of the modern life ensued: a generation who is egotistical, self indulgent, crazy about speed and pleasure and seduced away from the real life and the realities of life.
One of the reasons which paves the way for the idea of Deism and encourages people to adopt it is the misguided idea that names itself as "Quranic Muslim" or "Quranic Islam". This project has completely exposed itself especially for the last 10 years.
The representatives of this project, of which the source is abroad and the proxies exist within the Muslim community, aim at first discrediting the Sunnah of our Prophet (pbuh) and denying it completely later on.
For those whose minds have become confused with this misguided idea and have been filled with doubts, the point where some Muslims will reach is the denial of the Sunnah. In terms of religious law a believer has to love and respect the Prophet (pbuh), should not hate anything about him, and see his every behaviour beautiful (The 23rd Letter, Bediuzzaman Said Nursi). However, a believer whose mind is confused with doubts due to such ideas of misguidance unfortunately loses his deep respect and love for the Prophet and falls to a very low degree like a person who falls from a high tower but cannot find anything to hold onto and finally crashes to the floor.
This is such a situation that after a while the next step would be the denial and disdaining of the Sunnah in a reckless and arrogant manner.
At the end of the day, if Deistic ideas are indoctrinated to a person who has lost his respect and love of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in conjunction with the effect of the psychology of escaping from responsibility and the burden of worship, it is not unbelievable that his nafs will prefer Deism which denies religion, prophet, book and religious law.
One of the claims of Deism is that reason is the only yardstick for the discovery of the truth. That is, reason is enough for uncovering the truths which reach us through the prophets and holy books (i.e. revelation). Reason itself can come up with and set up rules of morality for the happiness and order of humanity. For this reason, there is no need for religions, prophets and holy books.
History refutes these claims of the Deists. In his Epistle on Self, Imam Bediuzzaman says that there have been two chains since the Prophet Adam (pbuh) until today. One is the chain of prophethood and religion, and the other is the chain of philosophy and wisdom. Whenever the latter obeys and follows the first in history- that is, whenever reason acts in the light and guidance of revelation- humanity lives a life in security, justice and peace. On the other hand, whenever reason gives up following the guidance of revelation, which is as bright as the sun, rebels and relies on its own dim light, all the goodness, beauty and perfection gather around prophethood and religion while all the evil, deviance and wickedness gather around philosophy and wisdom.
The Abbasid, Andalusian and Ottoman times set good and striking examples for the truth that humanity lives a happy worldly life with reason's obedience to revelation. 17th and 18th century Europe on the other hand, when the reason denied the guidance of the revelation and acted on its own, is a striking example for the truth that when reason and revelation are separated from each other, all the evil, ugliness, deviance and oppression gather around philosophy. Yes, by denying revelation, reason denied all the divine religions, divine revelation and holy books and brought forward the philosophy of materialism and nature. It declared matter and nature to be the creator. All the values of morality have been ignored as a result of this philosophy. Power and powerful people were raised to the level of a deity. The entire world has been virtually turned into colonies and millions of innocent people have been oppressed and slaughtered to that end. And this is still continuing.
Moreover, in the interregnum when no prophet was sent and the minds and hearts were not enlightened with revelation, that is the period between Prophet Isa (Jesus, pbuh) and Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), the fact that humanity completely followed idolatry and a lot of misguided ideas entirely disproves the claims of the Deists.
"Allah has created the human being with exceptional capability and equipment as different from other beings. For this reason, limitless inclinations and countless wishes are aroused in the human. The human being, by nature, desires the most beautiful, most outstanding, most perfect things when it comes to living, eating, accommodation, clothing and other needs. If humans were to meet these needs by themselves, without any help, they would not be able to meet even one millionth of them. This is because they have to have a lot of knowledge, crafts and skills in order to meet all these needs. Therefore, humans have to get help from others in order to meet these limitless needs to some extent. Everybody should supply for one need and make production that the needs can be met to a certain extent through exchange.
This means that as a civilized being, a human has to work shoulder to shoulder and hand in hand with the principles of the division of labour and the distribution of tasks among his fellows.
Right at this point, however, a trouble and crisis comes up: Allah has not limited any of a human being's feeling, emotion, power and capability (such as desire, intellect, and anger) by nature. In this way, a human can freely advance and progress through the levels of spiritual perfection. This fact is the cause of oppression, evil, crime and violations that arise among the people who should actually stand shoulder to shoulder and collaborate with the division of labour, the distribution of tasks and helping each other.
For this reason there is need for justice in the transaction among people and in the distribution of service and products produced together. Since the understanding of justice and capability of every person is different from one another, justice cannot be established.
In this case the human mind is incapable of comprehending justice. So there is need for a general mind which can only be in the form of codes, as a code comes to exist passing through the sieve of a lot of minds and experience.
And the law which can have the most influence on the lower self, mind, heart, spirit and behaviour of people and can have the power of sanction is the shariah which is the Divine law.
And there is need for an authority, a master to execute and make the rulings of the shariah influential; and this authority is the prophet.
And that respected person who is the prophet needs a material and spiritual loftiness and privilege in order to have influence over and command the minds, hearts, selves and souls. Similarly, he needs evidence in order to show his level of contact and relation with the Creator. This evidence is the performance of miracles.
If we pay attention, this great explanation of Imam Bediuzzaman does not only refute the claim of the Deists – which is "reason can come up with and set up rules that will secure justice and peace which are necessary for the happiness of humanity" – it also proves the existence and necessity of the Divine revelation and law, the prophets, miracles and worship with rational and logical evidence which are as clear as the sun.
We see that reason and logic prove and present the necessity of the existence of the religious law, prophets, miracles, fundamentals of belief and worship; but how can some people with the same reason and logic claim that these things are not necessary? There is a big contradiction here. A reality cannot turn into and become its opposite. In this case there is a demagogy here. Otherwise, sound minds would reach the same result.
There are two awesome conditions at this time. The first: Human feelings are blind. They cannot see and estimate the end of a thing; its consequence, in other words. The feelings are also in love with ready benefit. They can turn down great pleasures of the future just for the sake of a small pleasure of the moment. Today these feelings, which are blind and in love with ready benefit, prevail reason. Muslims unfortunately do not live a lot of truths which they never doubt. They knowingly and willingly abandon the pleasures of the hereafter which are valuable as diamonds just for the sake of worldly illicit pleasures which are like ordinary pieces of glass. They escape from the burden of worship, which is only like the bite of a fly, but accept the horrible end, which is like the bite of the snake, in the grave and hereafter.
This is a total abdication of reason. We understand from here that pure reason is not enough to live these truths. If human beings were made of only reason, the claims of the Deists would count for something. However, there are thousands of feelings of the human being and there is a lower self who desires to live however he wishes and does not like rules and regulation at all. These desires and feelings do not listen to the mind when they boil over. Therefore, reason is not enough for the happiness, safety and peace in the world.
It is not possible that the mind can know the Divine realities, the conditions of the hereafter and the matters of the unseen worlds without accepting the guidance of the revelation. The mind cannot even know a lot of things about this material universe, which is perceived through our senses and feelings. So it can know the realities unseen to the human being only through the report of the Divine revelation. For instance, the mind can know and find by reason that the existence of a creator of this universe is necessary, but it cannot know why the creator has created the universe and beings without the guidance of revelation. Only the prophets, who are the announcers of the Divine revelation, can answer awesome questions with satisfying, reasonable and acceptable explanation such as "What is a human? Where does he come from? Where is he going?" the answers of which all people wonder about. Moreover, the mind and philosophy cannot know without the teaching of revelation, the mystery of nonstop activity, which is constant and amazes the human being who asks, "why do these nonstop events never stop"?
Knowing the existence of something and knowing its essence are totally different. For instance, although we know very well, by conscience and reason, that we have a will which is completely free, we cannot know by reason the nature and essence of the will. For example, although the mind can discover the existence of the "natural laws" by way of sciences, it cannot know the essence of these laws by reason. Without Divine revelation and its announcement by the prophets, who are both announcer and interpreter of the revelation, the mind declares these laws as the agent and goes astray.
There are many examples of this. All these examples show that the mind cannot reach the truth without the teaching and discipline of revelation. It either attributes the results to the causes in the cause and effect relationship, or to existence by themselves, or to the "natural laws"- ascribing divinity to the nature, thus going astray.
A mind which is not enlightened with the light of the true religion, does not feed on spiritual realm, does not walk on the great road that revelation illuminates, and thus turns worldly life into hell for its owner. This is because the human being is connected through the mind with experiences from the past and concerns for the future. The past of a person is full of troubles, calamities and illnesses he had; it is filled with events which makes him sad, sorry and in a state of pain as they are remembered. The same past is also like a grave for the enjoyable, joyful and beautiful memories. We inherit the sorrow of the end of those enjoyable, joyful and beautiful days and memories, which we cannot bring back from the past. The future is also full of unknown things. There are a lot of unknown elements in future life such as "what is ahead in the future for me? What kinds of troubles, calamities and illnesses will I have to face? How will my living and comfort be? How and why I will die"? These unknown things give human beings anxiety and fear.
Not enlightened by light of the true religion, a human being cannot understand the goals of life, assuming his life imprisoned by the merciless hands of the natural laws, believing that he lives idly in a mechanical universe and established order, seeing everything as an enemy and stranger to himself, not knowing where he comes from and where he will go, considering death as nonexistence, believing that he will be separated from all of his beloveds by death, thinking that the end of his life as nothingness. Such a mind feels pain, sorrow and worry from his past, and anxiety and fear for his future and thus ruining his present joys. Such a mind, which can make a human being a perfect human with the fundamentals of the true religion and the lights of guidance and which is like a key to unlock the mysteries of the universe, turns into an accursed and troublesome faculty by bringing pain, sorrow, worry, fear and anxiety from the past and future.
These truths, which are explained in the Fourth Droplet of the Nineteenth Word, the Sixth Word and the Eighth Word of Imam Bediuzzaman Said Nursi, show and prove that the mind cannot find the reality and attain happiness without the true religion. By itself, it therefore must live a hellish life.
Just as we cannot think of a lightless sun, divinity cannot be without manifestation. That is, the existence of Allah absolutely necessitates a teacher, a messenger, a prophet who tells, describes and announces the evidences for the existence of Allah, the mysteries of His wisdom, the divine purposes of His creating and the meanings of His creatures which are each perfect works of art. And this is only possible through the sending of prophets.
As you would accept, an incomprehensible book is just a bunch of meaningless papers if there is no explainer and a teacher to teach. Allah (swt) has created the universe like a book; it is such a book that the knowledge of thousands of books is hidden on every page, thousands of pages of information is written in every paragraph, thousands of paragraphs of secrets are put in every sentence and thousands of sentences of truths are hidden in every word and letter. Of course such a book cannot be without teachers and lecturers. And these teachers and lecturers have to be from among ourselves so that we learn from them and accept them as our guides and teachers. In this case, since there is a universe, there are prophets too.
Why have human beings been created? Who are the most honourable of the creatures with the most blessings and have the most perfect faculties? What are their duties? What is expected from them? How to attain the pleasure of the Creator? How to obey Allah? How to be servants of Him? There must be somebody who answers these questions by his living among us and being one of us. These perfect guides are the glorious prophets, the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) being in the first place.
Likewise, the lordship of Allah (swt) over all the creation necessitates a general servanthood. That is, our Lord nurtures all the creatures He created by meeting all their needs, removing the obstacles before their reaching perfection, clearing the way for them and helping them. Being manifest on the entire universe and living beings, this nurturing requires a response of general worship. And this can only be possible with the messengers – who are our representatives in the presence of Allah and envoys of Allah among us – declaring the existence and oneness of Allah to the people.
Without a doubt, Allah (swt) creates by knowing all the beings, disposes with wisdom, regulates by seeing everywhere and nurtures by knowing and seeing everything; He places the wisdom, purposes, benefits, intentionally on everything.
Since the maker knows, then of course the one who knows will speak. Now that He will speak, He will of course speak to the ones who have intellect, thought and consciousness and ones who can speak. Seeing that He will speak to the intelligent and conscious beings, He will of course speak to the humankind who is the most preeminent and has the most general consciousness among the intelligent and conscious beings. Now that He will speak to the humankind, He will of course speak to the people who are the most worthy of being addressed and the most perfect among them. And these people are, no doubt, our masters, the prophets, who have the miracles in their hands as signs of affirmation, who are the stars of humankind and the exemplars of merit.
As mentioned above, since the maker knows, then of course the one who knows will speak. He Who speaks to the beings which He creates has obviously the attribute of "kalam" (speaking). As a consequence of this attribute, He has spoken to the messengers He has chosen through revelation and the divine books He has given to some of them.
If a sultan does not give rewards to the obedient and punishment to the rebels, his kingdom starts to shake and collapse. There should be grace and mercy on his right side, and torment and discipline on his left. Reward is required by his mercy. Discipline necessitates punishment. And the places for the reward and punishment are the destinations named Paradise and Hell.
One of the Divine Names of our Lord is Al-Adl. That is, our Lord has absolute justice. Complete justice necessitates punishing those who violates the rights of others and reinstating these rights to their owners. However, when we look at this worldly life, we see that the oppressors get away with their tyranny and the oppressed pass away without getting their dues. Death comes and takes both the oppressor and the oppressed. This injustice draws attention to this point. Therefore, it is understood that their trials are postponed to a supreme court where the oppressors will be called to account and sentenced, and the oppressed will be recompensed and rewarded. In other words, there is no negligence but delay. Therefore, the absolute justice of our Lord necessitates Hell for the oppressor and Paradise for the oppressed and innocent. Otherwise, far be it from Allah, that there would be injustice. Our Lord is excluded from such oppression.
Similarly, there have to be feast tables befitting the limitless wealth and endless generosity and love of giving of our Lord Who is the Owner of endless wealth and endlessly Generous and loves offering. This is because the wealth, generosity and love of offering require offering abundantly and pleasing those who are offered. The place where these eternal feast tables will be set is in Paradise. Those who benefit from these feast tables in Paradise have to stay there for eternity. This is because the treasury is eternal and the Person Whose treasury is eternal is eternally generous and loves offering.
Finally, an eternal beauty does not consent to a temporary adorer. In other words, our Lord, Whose beauty is eternal, does not consent to temporary, mortal and transient lovers. Beauty wants a lover. If there were no lovers who see, like and fall in love with a beauty, this beauty would be nothing but meaningless. Now that our Lord has endless and unique beauty, of course it is necessary that there will be lovers to adore this eternal beauty in the land of eternity, Paradise.
One of main claims of Deism is that Allah has created the universe and established a mechanical order by means of natural laws, and He interferes with neither the universe nor with human beings. A natural result of this claim is that they attribute creativity to the natural laws. The present order and arrangement of the universe are referred to as the natural laws. And the human being becomes an idle and aimless being under the rule of merciless natural laws.
Being far away from reason, logic and truth, this claim is based on no evidence. This philosophy is the final reliance and shelter of those who are addicted to sins but had to accept the existence of Allah after seeing the wonderful order and art in the universe. It means "Allah exists, but He cannot interfere with me and my life," which is said by those who are addicted to illicit worldly pleasures and sins in order to find relief and consolation.
As a matter fact, we see the manifestations of the Divine will, wish, intention and volition everywhere and in every corner of the universe. The fact that the face of each and every human is different from one another, that every snowflake has a different crystal structure, that every cell and atom is different from each other and many examples like these show that there is a will that does not make anything it creates similar to another thing. A Director manages the universe – Who is the Owner of a will and intention and makes everything different from one another. This is because being able to make a thing different from all of the previous things is only possible with the knowledge of all of them and with volition.
For instance, when they are at the embryo phase, a formless group of cells start to take the shape of human body although there are numberless possibilities. From then on, all the atoms which come from outside and enter the structure are connected to each other in a way to form a human body. We can see the same example in other animals. This amazing situation shows the will and intention of an Owner of eternal power as clear as the sun.
If the order of the universe were by itself under the effect of the natural laws as the Deists claim, those unique and particular qualities, beauties and arts seen on everything would not come into existence. This unique and exclusive variety and difference of the beings would not appear; it would be just like the same products of a factory or a printing house.
Each of all the works, blessings and arts are results. These results cannot come to existence without well-directed and timely actions. And these actions cannot exist without an Actor Who has attributes like life, knowledge, will and power. Therefore, those who see the art, beauty and motif but refer them to unintelligent, unconscious, blind and deaf causes and natural laws should understand how they are far away from reason and conscience.
In Risale-i Nur, Imam Bediuzzaman presents very strong, reasonable and logical evidence which destroys and annihilates those baseless claims.
Natural laws are not creators!
An exceptionally ignorant man enters an army's military encampment, where he sees the training exercises and orderly manoeuvres that they undertake together. He observes that with the movement of a single soldier, a squadron, brigade and battalion stand up, sit down, march and they fire their weapons with a single command of "Fire!" However, this man's barbaric and naive mind does not perceive the notion that a single commander is directing the manoeuvres, in accordance with the state's system of regulations and the laws of the King. He imagines that the soldiers are tied together with rope. He thinks how miraculous that imaginary rope is, and becomes quite astonished.
Similarly, all the natural laws discovered by science are the laws which come from Allah's attribute of "will". That is, our Lord has had the will to set up some rules and laws in order to establish a perfect order among the beings. He enforces these laws in the universe through His power. These laws do not have a material existence created by Divine power. They are scientific norms which come from the attribute of will and are implemented by His power. They are called "the laws of Divine rules and practices" or "natural law".
For instance, an object the weight density of which is less than the weight density of water does not sink in water. We witness a power and the effect of this power within certain rules. The power which is attributed to the water and is named the 'buoyancy of water', is nothing but the manifestation of Divine power. The rules that can be formulated by means of this manifestation are the laws which come from the Divine will. These laws are scientific norms; they do not have material existence.
The constitution of a nation is also a good example. As it is understood, a constitution is a set of laws made by the attribute of the will of people who are influential and authorized. A constitution (i.e. laws) cannot rule a state. A state administration can only be possible with a power as an executive organ, in other words with a government.
As a matter of fact, it is the same for all the rules, principles and laws. The rules and principles followed in a small workplace are also set up by its owner and applied by his power.
So it means that the laws, which are wrongly named as 'natural laws' and are understood as influential in the existence and order of the beings, are in reality nothing but scientific rules and principles. It is the Divine power that enforces these scientific rules and principles. These laws are not independent powers that have influence; they are scientific norms which come from the Divine will but do not have material existence. They cannot be creators.
The purposes, benefits and wisdoms seen on all of the beings in the universe indicate that Allah has endless wisdom and there are lofty aims in His creating all things.
According to the secret of the saying, "Every owner of beauty and perfection desires to see and show their own beauty and perfection," our Lord has created the universe and every being in it to see and show His own beauty and perfection. Having no need of anything, our Lord has not created this universe out of His need but as a necessity of His wisdom, Names and attributes with countless aims. Everything, from subatomic particles to galaxies, is employed for Divine purposes within the scope of the plans designed for them and by keeping track of their duties.
As the most honourable of the creatures, created as the best equipped and the most talented, humans cannot of course be living without purpose and wisdom among their neighbours (i.e. other beings) in this universe. They have countless duties based on the faculties and blessings they have.