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Activists Say New Trees No Justification for Missing Mountains
by Jessica Azulay, The NewStandard
Para acceder a una versión en español de este artículo, siga el siguiente link
Grassroots environmental organizations scoffed at a government and industry initiative to reforest sites stripped by mountaintop removal coal mining.
- Appalachian environmental groups yesterday accused the coal industry and government regulators of attempting to cover up the long-term affects of a devastating form of strip mining by signing a "restoration initiative." The groups -- some of which were themselves asked to join in signing the non-binding agreement to "to promote the planting of high-value hardwood trees on reclaimed coal mines" -- said they were in favor of attempts to reforest mined areas, but said their priority was to obtain a moratorium on all new "mountaintop removal" mining projects.
"We certainly agree that coal companies must make every attempt to restore our native forests to strip-mined lands," said West Virginia environmental activist and coal-miner's daughter Judy Bonds, in a press statement about the initiative. "But we need more details about this project. If this initiative is just another justification for mountaintop removal -- a completely unnecessary and hugely damaging coal-mining process that must be banned now -- then we can't support it." Bonds works with Coal River Mountain Watch, a small, local organization struggling to combat the destructive effects of mountaintop removal mining on their community.
A type of strip mining little known outside of West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and Tennessee, mountaintop removal is an especially extreme coal extraction technique. Using heavy explosives and large machinery, coal companies blast and scrape up to 800 feet off the top of mountains to expose the thin coal seams underneath. The coal is removed, and the "overburden" -- everything left --- is pushed into the neighboring valleys.
PHOTO: A massive dragline, dwarfed by the huge scale of the operation, at work on a mountaintop removal operation near Kayford Mountain, W.Va Oct. 19, 2003. Photo by Vivian Stockman, Ohio Valley Environmental Coaltion
In areas where mountaintop removal mining is prevalent, once rolling mountains are replaced with naked sores and polluted slurry ponds filled with the toxic leftovers of the coal washing process.
On Wednesday, coal industry representatives and federal regulators gathered in Roanoke, West Virginia to sign a "Statement of Mutual Intent for the Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative." The document, which was drafted by the federal Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE), encourages forest restoration through soil grading techniques, use of noncompetitive ground vegetative covers, and planting fast-growing as well as "commercially valuable" trees.
Though a press release circulated before the signing stated that environmental organizations would be endorsing the initiative, several of the region's prominent groups refused to oblige.
Some groups said they did not even know about the initiative before hand and expressed cynicism over OSMRE's motives.
PHOTO: Marfork Coal's (a Massey Energy subsidiary) Brushy Fork coal slurry impoundment, which, at its final stage, will hold 8 billions of gallon of coal waste sludge. The impoundment partially lies over old underground mines and is directly upstream from the town of Whitesville, W. Va. May 30, 2003. Photo by Vivian Stockman, Ohio Valley Environmental Coaltion
"The way the statement is written, it sounds like mountain range removal is fine, as long as the coal companies try to plant some trees," said Vernon Haltom, a volunteer with Coal River Mountain Watch.
"This statement does admit, however, that forests are vitally important for soil and water conservation, water quality, hydrologic balance and carbon sequestration," Haltom added in his press statement. "Perhaps the coal industry will finally admit that forested mountaintops aren't worthless, after all."
At least two organizations -- the West Virginia Highlands Conservancy and the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition -- were asked ahead of time if they wanted to sign onto the initiative. Both refused.
"OSM and its cohorts appear to be trying to justify more mountaintop removal mining," said Jenet Fout, who co-directs the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition, in a statement to the press. "We certainly want the industry and regulators to do everything possible to get native hardwoods growing on already destroyed lands, but we want a moratorium on any new mountaintop removal activity until the industry proves it can restore mined lands, as well as our precious headwater streams."
PHOTO: Mountaintop removal/valley fill coal mining in southern West Virginia in May 2003 Photo by Vivian Stockman, Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition
A 2003 Environmental Protection Agency study in eastern Kentucky, southern West Virginia, western Virginia and eastern Tennessee found that approximately 1,200 miles of headwater streams had been polluted by valley fills and toxic coal sludge between 1992 and 2002.
Fout said she was skeptical about the feasibility of the initiative, given the biological diversity of West Virginia's forests. "Let's be honest," she said. "The best the industry can do, if it actually spends the vast sums that will be required to fulfill this pledge, is to plant tree farms. Shallow-rooted pines will likely grow, but what are the long-term prospects for hardwoods? 'Reforestation' isn't going to happen on strip-mined lands."
Activists working to end the mining practice have taken to calling their communities "national sacrifice areas" for the nation's cheap energy.
According to the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition, mountaintop removers have already converted over 500 square miles of forested mountains into treeless moonscapes where nothing can grow. Thousands more are permitted for ruin.
Plantación de nuevos árboles no justifica desaparición de montañas
Por Jessica Azulay - The NewStandard
Organizaciones de base ironizaron sobre una iniciativa del gobierno y la industria minera para reforestar zonas de montaña explotadas por la minería de carbón.
Diciembre 18 - Grupos ambientalistas de Appalache acusaron a la industria del carbón y a los agentes de control oficiales de pretender cubrir los efectos a largo plazo de una devastadora forma de explotación minera firmando la llamada "iniciativa de restauración". Dichos grupos - algunos de los cuales fueron invitados a firmar el acuerdo "para la plantación de árboles de valiosa madera en minas de carbón restituidas" - dijeron que están a favor de cualquier iniciativa cuyo objeto sea la reforestación de áreas explotadas por la minería, pero que su prioridad es lograr una moratoria de nuevas explotaciones a cielo abierto en las montañas.
"Estamos de acuerdo en que las compañías mineras deben hacer todos los esfuerzos para reponer nuestros bosques nativos en los territorios explotados" asegura en un comunicado de prensa sobre la iniciativa la activista ambiental de West Virginia, e hija de un minero, Judy Bonds. "Necesitamos más detalles sobre este proyecto. Si esta iniciativa es solo otro justificativo para la extracción en montañas - un proceso de explotación tan perjudicial como innecesario que debe ser prohibido urgentemente - no podemos apoyarlo". Bonds trabaja para el Observatorio de Carbón en River Mountain, una pequeña organización local que lucha contra los efectos destructivos de la minería en su comunidad.
Un tipo de explotación minera poco conocido fuera de West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, y Tennessee, la técnica de extracción de carbón en montaña es particularmente extrema. Usando fuertes explosivos y maquinaria de gran escala, las compañías vuelan y trozan cerca de 800 pies de la cima de las montañas para liberar las finas vetas de carbón que están debajo. El carbón es removido, y todo lo demás se descarga en los valles vecinos.
Un estudio de la Agencia de Protección Ambiental, realizado en 2003 en Kentucky, West Virginia y Tennessee, concluyó que aproximadamente 1,200 millas de ríos fueron contaminadas a causa del llenado de los valles y tóxicos derivados del carbón entre los años 1992 y 2002.
Según la Coalición Ambiental del Valle de Ohio, las compañías mineras han convertido casi 500 millas cuadradas de montañas boscosas en cráteres sin árboles donde nada puede crecer.
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U.S. sued to stop mountaintop mining
Bob Bird, The Associated Press
28th Janaury 2005
Pikeville, Ky. - Environmentalists have sued the federal government in an attempt to stop coal mining companies from lopping off the tops of mountains and dumping the rocks and dirt into valleys.
The lawsuit seeks to stop the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers from issuing permits for the dumping, which environmentalists claim will destroy Kentucky's streams.
"This is an absurd and outrageous abuse of their power and neglect of their duty to protect the nation's waterways," said Teri Blanton, a member of Kentuckians For The Commonwealth, one of three groups that filed the suit Thursday in Lexington.
The mining industry has increasingly relied on mountaintop removal to expose coal seams because it's a quick and efficient process.
Industry's response
Bill Caylor, president of the Kentucky Coal Association, said environmentalists overstate the effect of valley fills - especially by claiming that they fill streams.
Actually, Caylor said, the dirt and rock is dumped in valleys with tiny ditches that are dry except during rainy periods and do not support fish.
"If these were not deemed streams, which they are not, then we wouldn't have a problem," he said.
Caylor said if the lawsuit is successful, coal companies would be hampered in their ability to work "because all mining operations have excess rock and dirt that has to be placed somewhere. If you cannot have a fill, you can't mine coal."
The lawsuit mirrors one filed in West Virginia in 2002. U.S. District Judge Joseph Goodwin issued an injunction stopping the Corps from issuing the permits there in July; that case is under appeal.
Clean Water Act cited
Blanton said that in the last three years the Corps has rubber-stamped more than 50 permits for 191 valley fills that will destroy more than 35 miles of streams in Kentucky.
Blanton's group, along with Kentucky Riverkeeper and Kentucky Waterways Alliance, claim in the lawsuit that the Corps is violating the Clean Water Act.
Dave Hewitt, spokesman for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Washington, said his agency had no immediate comment.
Patsy Carter, a resident of Huntleyville in Martin County, said she is surrounded by mountaintop removal mining operations.
"I live with what the coal industry does to the land and the people every day," she said. "You can cut a tree. It will grow back. You cut the top off a mountain and it's gone forever."
Authors: Ban mountaintop removal mining
By Art Jester, Herald-Leader Staff Writer
A group of Kentucky authors wants the state to outlaw a widely used but controversial coal-mining method because it causes "appalling destruction to the land" and "economic and cultural violence" to the entire state.
The statement by 16 of Kentucky's best-known authors came today, after their two-day tour of mountaintop removal strip mining sites in Leslie and Perry counties.
It was presented in a news conference at Eastern Kentucky University, in conjunction with a social action group, Kentuckians for the Commonwealth, which organized the tour.
Probably the toughest words in the authors' 1 1/2-page, double-spaced document came in the concluding paragraph:
"We are horrified that this practice is legal. We are angry that representatives in our own government are allowing this to happen. Mountaintop removal is not right; it is not acceptable, and it is an act we will fight.
"We call for the abolition of mountaintop removal and urge our fellow citizens to pressure elected officials in every way to stop this criminal desecration of our commonwealth."
This afternoon, Bill Caylor, president of the Kentucky Coal Association, responded to the authors' declaration with a brief statement.
"Mountaintop removal mining affects a very small percentage of the mountains," he said. "It maximizes coal recovery. It pays the landowner handsomely. It leaves valuable flat land for future generations."
Caylor said the authors' statement "was an emotional tirade playing fast and loose with statements of facts. These are the same people who would be outraged if they knew where their ground beef came from."
Mountaintop removal mining uses explosives first to blast away dirt and rock above a coal seam. Excavators then remove alternate lawyers of dirt and coal. After the coal is removed, the remaining dirt is bulldozed relatively flat, or at least into a plateau. Excess dirt and rock are dumped into adjacent hollows, which become what are called valley fills.
The de facto chairman of the authors' group who drafted the first version of the statement was Silas House, a novelist who teaches English and writing at EKU.
House said the statement was adopted unanimously after the authors met this morning at the Hindman Settlement School to craft a final version.
"Everybody was absolutely 100 percent behind the statement and they burst into applause after we voted on it," House said.
House, a former mail carrier in his native Laurel County who has become one of Kentucky's most respected writers, said the "problem is the people are not aware" of the extent of environmental destruction caused by mountaintop removal mining.
"This state is filled with good people who would care about this if they knew about it," House said.
In addition to House, some of the other participating authors were: Gwyn Hyman Rubio, Ed McClanahan, Erik Reece, Mary Ann Taylor-Hall, Charles Bracelen Flood, Kristin Johannsen, Anne Shelby, Artie Ann Bates, Loyal Jones and Bob Sloan.
Mountaintop removal protests planned in four states
Charleston, W.Va. -- A group opposed to mountaintop removal mining is looking for volunteer protesters who are lawyers, writers, photographers, artists and "science geeks" to gather at a training camp Tuesday to prepare for Mountain Justice Summer.
About 100 people are expected to attend the weeklong training at the Appalachian South Folk Life Center near Pipestem State Park, said Dave Cooper, a Mountain Justice Summer member from Lexington, Ky. Volunteers will take mandatory classes in nonviolence and de-escalation, security, dealing with threats and Appalachian mountain culture.
Hundreds of people from across the country are expected to participate in "actions" this summer in West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and southwestern Virginia. Members hope to have at least 40 full-time volunteers working on events from June through August, said Chris Irwin, a law student in Knoxville, Tenn.
Tactics will include rallies, nonviolent civil disobedience like chaining people to coal company gates, "listening projects" involving interviewing residents in coal communities, water and plant surveys, public relations and lobbying, monitoring coal mining permits and regulatory meetings, and helping people affected by mountaintop removal mining.
The group's Web site says its goals are to raise awareness of mountaintop removal mining; escalate resistance to it; build support, unify and strengthen regional groups fighting surface mining; and encourage conservation and efficiency, solar and wind energy as alternatives to coal.
Much of the work in West Virginia will focus on educating and informing people about mining.
In mountaintop removal, coal operators blast off entire hilltops to uncover coal seams. Leftover rock and dirt is deposited into nearby valleys, burying streams.
"I am finding out here along the Coal River people don't even know what mountaintop removal is," said Bo Webb of Coal River Mountain Watch in Whitesville, Boone County. "They seem to want to bury their heads in the coal dust."
At least one coal company is concerned enough about the environmentalists' plans to warn all its employees about how to behave when faced with protesters.
St. Louis-based Arch Coal has sent a form letter for all its site general managers to pass on to employees telling them to be careful, said John Snider, the company's vice president for external affairs, who is based in Charleston.
If people chain themselves to company gates or property, employees should leave them alone and call the police, Snider said. Employees should not touch protesters or talk to them.
"I would say if they are on private property, that would be civil disobedience, which is violence. It's a form of it," Snider said. "We are not a violent company. We don't want anyone hurt, either protesters or our people.
"This letter was not to be antagonistic. It was meant to inform our employees, 'Hey guys, you need to be careful this summer,'" Snider said.
Snider said the company considers Mountain Justice Summer a part of the Earth First movement and expects protesters to try to use monkey wrenches and other items to destroy coal mining equipment.
Mountain Justice Summer members say they plan no property destruction or violence of any kind. Although some Earth First members will be participating in Mountain Justice Summer activities, the groups are not otherwise affiliated, Cooper said.
College students, members of Coal River Mountain Watch in West Virginia, Kentuckians for the Commonwealth and similar groups in Tennessee and Virginia will be participating, Cooper said.
Mountain Justice Summer members are opposed to all forms of strip mining, especially mountaintop removal, because they say it destroys ecosystems and watersheds.
Also, the mountains are part of the southern Appalachian culture, and by destroying mountains, coal companies are destroying a culture, Irwin said.
"What they are betting on is silence," Irwin said. "We want to get the word out."
Environmentalists, coal industry battle over mountaintop mining
By Bob Downing, Knight Ridder Newspapers
BOB WHITE, W.Va. - (KRT) - Maria Gunnoe could be the poster child for a
controversy spreading across the coalfields of southern West Virginia.
The 37-year-old waitress, mother of two and daughter of a coal miner knows from experience what can happen when a mountaintop is removed.
The coal industry calls it mountaintop mining. Environmentalists describe it as strip-mining on steroids.
Trees and topsoil are bulldozed and the top of the mountain is blasted away layer by layer to reach the low-sulfur coal in seams too narrow to economically mine in traditional ways.
As the top of the mountain is flattened, dirt and rock are pushed into nearby hollows, burying the headwaters of streams.
Gunnoe's 40-acre farm, where her family has lived for four generations, lies in the shadow of Island Creek Mountain in Boone County, W.Va., about 45 miles southwest of Charleston.
The Jupiter mine opened on Island Creek Mountain in 2000, and the mountaintop is slowly disappearing. The headwaters of Big Branch Creek are now covered by a giant V-shaped earthen fill atop the valley.
On June 16, 2003, after heavy rains, a wall of water came tumbling down Big Branch Creek. It threatened the Gunnoe house, wiped out one bridge and weakened another, damaged the Gunnoes' septic system and polluted their well. The family was trapped until the floodwaters subsided.
It was not the first flood the family had faced since the mine opened, but it was the biggest.
Mine officials told Gunnoe the flood was an act of God. She thanked God no one was killed.
"It was scary... and the worst experience I've ever been through," said Gunnoe, who now calls herself a coalfield activist.
Mountaintop removal is a major issue in southern West Virginia, and the practice has spread into eastern Kentucky, eastern Tennessee and western Virginia.
Perhaps 5 percent of all coal burned for electricity in the United States was mined through mountaintop removal. It represents nearly one-third of Appalachian coal production and 95 percent of surface mining in West Virginia, according to industry figures.
The mining method has been used since the late 1970s, but it has become more popular as the equipment has gotten bigger and capable of removing up to 1,000 feet of mountaintop to expose coal that is highly desired by electric utilities.
The coal industry says mountaintop mining is necessary to quickly and efficiently get to coal that is needed to fuel America's economy.
A federal report estimated that between 1992 and 2012, a total of 816,000 acres in southern West Virginia, eastern Kentucky, western Virginia and eastern Tennessee would be affected by mountaintop removal.
Also affected, the report said, would be 1,200 miles of streams buried under valley fills.
The mining is "devastating to West Virginia's streams," said Ben Stout, a biology professor at Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, W.Va. "It's annihilating them. They're being buried and the majority are very valuable headwater streams. ... What's happening is outrageous. It's wholesale ecosystem destruction."
Stout said he's afraid mountaintop removal will destroy drinking water in West Virginia and Kentucky.
"It's that severe and it's that serious," he said.
This summer a major campaign is under way in central Appalachia as environmentalists try to put a spotlight on mountaintop removal.
The four-month effort, dubbed Mountain Justice Summer, is being promoted by a Tennessee-based affiliate of the radical eco-group EarthFirst. The campaign is patterned after Redwood Summer, a 1990 movement to save old-growth forests from intensive logging in northern California.
Though the campaign is just getting under way, the coal industry is concerned.
One survey has shown that 56 percent of West Virginia residents oppose mountaintop mining.
A common complaint is the constant blasting. West Virginia uses 1,500 tons of explosive per day, more than any other state. The blasting is noisy and creates dust problems that may affect wells.
Dan Miller, a spokesman for the West Virginia Coal Association in Charleston, said the state's coal industry has not done a good job explaining mountaintop mining.
"It sounds harsh... but there are more mountains in West Virginia than we could ever mine," Miller said. "It's just silly to think that we are leveling all the mountains. ... And we're not filling up valleys. We're filling up the heads of hollows only."
As for the issue of burying streams, the industry says only 1 percent of the streams are filled and many of them only intermittently had water and aquatic life.
The coal industry estimates that 1 percent of West Virginia land has been surface-mined for coal. Miller said that percentage is higher - perhaps 3 to 5 percent - in Boone, Mingo and Logan counties.
But mountaintop removal is probably waning in West Virginia, he said.
"We've mined more coal by that method than we likely will in the future," Miller said, explaining that mountaintop removal requires a major investment in equipment that makes its widespread use unlikely.
The best way to get a picture of mountaintop removal is from the air.
In a drive up mountain hollows, outcroppings and mine entrances are visible, but much of the mining remains out of sight. From the air, much more can be seen.
What stands out are the brown-white plateaus, clearly visible 10 miles and more away. They are surrounded by forested ridges and knobs.
The mined areas appear barren, with sludge ponds filled with gritty, black, chemical-laced runoff and sedimentation ponds filled with a greenish liquid.
Some mines are small - perhaps several hundred acres. Others, like Hobet 21 on the Boone-Lincoln county line and Kayford Mountain on the Kanawha-Boone-Raleigh county line, cover thousands of acres.
The sites are dominated by giant machines: $100 million draglines, and 20-story-high shovels that can take 130-ton bites of rock and dirt.
Oversized dump trucks haul away what's taken from the mountains. Bulldozers are visible on the steep, triangular, terraced faces of newly buried valleys. Rock-lined chutes stretch downward to replace streams and funnel the water away.
Mountaintop removal has been at the center of continuing legal fights.
In 1999, the late U.S. District Judge Charles H. Haden II in Charleston ruled that dumping the fill material into West Virginia's streams violated the federal Clean Water Act. But that decision was overturned in April 2001 by the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals in Richmond, Va.
In May 2002, in a different suit, Haden ordered the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to cease issuing permits for valley fills. He ruled that the waste rock and dirt from mining did not fit the definition of fill material allowed under Corps permits.
That decision was appealed by the Bush administration and the coal industry. It was overturned by the appeals court in January 2003.
Last July 8, U.S. District Judge Joseph Goodwin in Charleston blocked the Corps of Engineers from using a streamlined permit process for mountain removal. The streamlined process was meant only for projects that would cause minor environmental damage and was inappropriate for mountain removal, he said.
The Bush administration and the coal industry have appealed that decision.
For her part, Gunnoe said she is tired of the constant blasting and the dust from the three mountaintop mines that surround her home. And she's scared of more flooding.
"The opposition is spreading because we're facing mountaintop removal in everyone's back yard," she said. "That's why people are fighting back.
WEST VIRGINIA COAL MINING
Total 2003 coal production: Nearly 147 million tons.
State rank: No. 2 behind Wyoming with 339 million tons. Ohio was 14th with
22 million tons.
Underground mines: Produced 92,211,224 tons.
Surface mines: Produced 53,688,375 tons, including more than 38 million tons
from mountaintop mining.
Number of coal companies: 342.
Number of mines: 513; underground, 300, and surface, 213.
Number of coal miners: just under 15,000.
Source: West Virginia Coal Association


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WDRC EnSE Seminar Series: Prof. Haluk Beyenal
WDRC EnSE Seminar Series
By Professor Haluk Beyenal, Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University
When: Thursday | April 21, 2022 | 03:00 - 04:00 p.m. (GMT +3)
Join Zoom link: https://kaust.zoom.us/j/99324173832
Electrochemically Active Biofilms
Electrochemically active biofilms (EABs) can exchange electrons with an inert, conductive surface - an electrode. Specifically, biofilms that deliver electrons to the electrode are described as anodic biofilms, whereas biofilms that accept electrons or facilitate reduction reactions at the electrode surface are cathodic biofilms. The chemical and electrochemical gradients in EABs play a critical role in electron transfer processes. Most of the time, electron transfer processes have been investigated in the bulk phase for a biofilm electrode or an isolated component of a biofilm. Currently, the knowledge of chemical and electrochemical gradients in EABs is limited. Chemical and electrochemical gradients are critical for explaining electron transfer mechanisms. The bulk conditions, an isolated part of EABs or a single cell, cannot be used to describe electron transfer mechanisms in EABs. In addition, gradients in EABs explain how the reactor configuration plays a critical role in electron transfer processes. This presentation discusses how to grow the EABs and the crucial choices made in the experimental setup that affect the experimental results. We describe reactor configurations and demonstrate how to use electrochemical and microscale techniques to study extracellular electron transfer in biofilms. Finally, we address some critical concerns with the proposed electron transfer mechanisms in biofilms and the prospects of bioelectrochemical systems as energy-converting and energy-harvesting devices.
Professor Haluk Beyenal is widely known for his biofilm engineering expertise in the area of microscale biofilm characterization and electron transfer processes in biofilms. The research in his laboratories has focused on the fundamental understanding of biofilm processes, their characterization, and applications. He has developed many research tools for understanding biofilm processes at the microscale, including microelectrodes for monitoring local chemistry and electron transfer mechanism inside biofilms. He has developed mathematical models for predicting biofilm activity, electron transfer rates, and biofilm structure. He pioneered the studies of electron transfer processes in biofilms using microelectrodes and powering electronic devices using microbial fuel cells. He and his collaborators in PNNL developed an electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance microimaging technique to study electron transfer processes in biofilms. The microscale techniques developed in his laboratory are critically used to study biofilms respiring on electrodes. His research group also developed technology to power remote sensors using energy harvested from microbial fuel cells. His research has been supported by the Office of Naval Research, National Science Foundation program, Department of Energy, Department of Defense, National Institute of Health as well as industry. He and Zbigniew Lewandowski published a book entitled "Fundamentals of Biofilm Research" in 2007 and 2nd edition in 2013 and he received an NSF-CAREER award in 2010. He and Jerome Babauta edited a book entitled "Electrochemically active biofilms in microbial fuel cells and bioelectrochemical systems: From laboratory practice to data interpretation" in 2015. Currently, he is a Professor at Washington State University, in the Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering.
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Uber Argues it Should Remain in Business in London
Home / Бізнес / Uber Argues it Should Remain in Business in London
By BizKupui No Comments Бізнес, Новини
Uber argued Monday that is should be allowed to keep driving on the streets of London, telling a court that the ride-hailing app has made significant changes since a regulator refused to renew the company's operating license last year.
Lawyers for the company opened their case in an effort to overturn Transport for London's ruling in September that Uber was not a "fit and proper" company after repeated lapses in corporate responsibility. Uber attorney Tom de la Mare said the ruling led to "wholesale change" at the company.
"It's profound and very much for the better," he said at the Westminster Magistrates Court.
The regulator had raised a number of concerns about Uber, including driver vetting, the way it reports serious criminal offences and the use of technology that allegedly helps the company evade law enforcement officials.
Since then, De la Mare argued, three Transport for London inspections have shown a "perfect record of compliance." Uber has said it has also made significant changes to its leadership and has been proactively reporting serious incidents to the Metropolitan Police.
De la Mare argues the measures show a "change of a business that grew very fast to one that has grown up."
Chief Magistrate Emma Arbuthnot will rule whether Uber is "fit and proper" to hold a license in the capital now, as opposed to whether transport authorities made the right decision September.
Harley, Stung by Tariffs, Shifts Some Production Overseas Luxury Boutique for Dogs Was Inspired By Hollywood


It's 10/10/10 and Bonaire is now officially a municipal of the Kingdom of Netherlands. I don't know what to expect now in Bonaire as it will be now a direct part of Holland. I went to a party couple of days ago and I saw a lot more Dutch people than I ever seen before. I guess they could be residents from Europe moving in to Bonaire. On one of Bonaire's tourism website, they said Dutch television will now be broadcasting Bonaire TV and Bonaire's scenery. Aruba is independent now as it will no longer be part of Netherlands.
That was a side note, but as I promised I'm adding the Family Medicine residency information for West Virginia, which is one of the states SJSM offers rotations at. Like I mentioned before I didn't copy and paste from other websites, I went through each institution website and got the contact information from there.


Ten lecturers, eighteen PhD candidates and 20 master degree students from Indonesia University of Education, Bandung Campus, Indonesia led by Prof H Udin Syaefudin Sa'ud, Chairperson of Study Programme of Educational Administration, Graduate School, visited the SEAMEO Secretariat on 16 June 2011. The purpose of the visit was to learn about SEAMEO and it's activities and projects in promoting and developing education, science and culture in the Southeast Asian region.
The SEAMEO Secretariat and the UNESCO Bangkok Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education Office organized the Second Joint SEAMEO-UNESCO Workshop which focused on producing high-quality publications on 27-29 June 2011 at the Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), Bangkok, Thailand. The three-day workshop tackled the cycle of producing publications and the processes involved at each stage such as planning and content preparation, printing, distribution, cataloging and archiving, translations and adaptations, promotion, and monitoring and evaluating impact.
The SEAMEO Centre Directors Meeting 2011 concluded on 7 July 2011 with great enthusiasm to implement new projects and strengthen existing ones through the support of SEAMEO partners and collaborators that include, among others, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology (MEXT) Japan; the APEC Secretariat; the University of Tsukuba, Microsoft Corporation, Asia Pacific; the Cognition Education (New Zealand); and the Nord Anglia Education (United Kingdom).
National EFA Coordinators and education officials from ten SEAMEO Member Countries and the SEAMEO Secretariat participated in the 12th Regional Meeting of National Education For All (EFA) Coordinators that was held on 25-28 July 2011 at the Sejong Hotel and the Korean National Commission for UNESCO in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The meeting served as forum to discuss with countries and EFA partners on ways to accelerate progress in achieving the EFA goals in 2015, as well as to learn from the experiences of the Republic of Korea in improving access of its people to quality education which contributed to the country's development.


Hotline Tip: Can A Signer Correct A Mistake On A Notarized Document?
Let the signer know that you, and you alone, must correct the certificate. Any changes to a notarial certificate must always be made by the Notary who performed the original notarization. A certificate with more than one person's handwriting on it may cause suspicions of tampering.
To make the correction, simply line through any error, add the correction as close to the original as possible, and then initial and date your change.
the imprint of the official seal of the Notary.
Notaries may only correct information in the notarial certificate. They must never make changes in the main body of the document. Only the signer can do that.
Client in nursing home from surgery in good mind and able to have full conversation. I received his I.D. And sign Power of Attorney doc and Journal plus thumb print. My Steve sign poa on wrong line where Mr. Gonzales was to sign. I witness signing, but Mr. Gonzales help sit Mr. Steve up so he could sign poa. Unaware he had signed wrong line. Mr. Steve health is not able to redo poa. What can be done legally for to have doc legal for bank and all business for Mr. Steve? Please help.
Hello Annie. We are very sorry, but we are not authorized to give legal advice on these matters. You would need to speak with a qualified attorney for assistance.
On a power of attorney form, there is a spot where the Principal name is printed. However, the principal printed his son's name by accident. He drew a simple line through it, initialed it in front of the notary and then printed his name correctly beneath. Is this ok?
Hello. We're sorry, but we cannot provide legal advice whether or not a correction to a power of attorney form was acceptable or not. You would need to contact the issuing or receiving agency or a qualified attorney to answer this question.
A 3rd party is requesting a signature on an assignment, the signer and I (the Notary) complete the signature and Notarization, can the 3rd party then add or edit the document after it is already notarized?
My dad to to get his papers notarized and he accidentally printed his name instead of doing a signature. The notary didn't Realize this. Is he able to sign inter the printed part??


text:
Ronald Domalaon will receive his PhD from the department of chemistry on Thursday, June 6
Already working as a formulation chemist at a New Jersey-based biopharmaceutical company since April
June 6, 2019 —
Classmates call Domalaon a "go-getter", having already started a job in the pharmaceutical industry, after being scouted and hired in November of last year – but for Domalaon, it's par for the course.
Initially drawn to a career in medicine, Domalaon changed his plans after his first summer research position as an undergrad student in the lab of U of M chemistry professor Dr. Frank Schweizer. Schweizer's research focuses on the development of antibacterial drugs aimed at eradicate drug-resistant infections or 'superbugs' that currently have limited treatment options. After three summers spent in Schweizer's lab, Domalaon shifted his focus to drug development and discovery.
"I love the idea that I'm developing something new for not just one patient, but for many patients. I realized that I didn't need to go into medicine. I don't need to be a doctor to help save lives. I could play a vital role in the treatment of those patients in life-threatening situations if I stay in this field, developing new drugs."
Domalaon made another discovery while working in the Schweizer lab: his fondness for training and supervising undergraduate students. He says that it helped him develop his personality and expertise.
"Dr. Schweizer has always been supportive with my growth not only scientifically, but also with my interpersonal skills. I was fortunate to be paired up with ten bright undergrads all throughout my PhD. Yes, I'm becoming a scientist and I understand science, but I've also been training myself to supervise and facilitate other people's work."
"The set-up in Dr. Schweizer's lab really helps you to be successful. As of right now, I have 19 publications as a Ph.D. student. My productivity was not only because of my work, but also because of the undergrads that I had the pleasure to work with."
This isn't to say that Domalaon hasn't weathered his share of personal and research-related setbacks.
"Unfortunately, chemistry doesn't always work the way you want it to. Very difficult and a lot of setbacks. But hey, if you thoroughly enjoy the research, keep on going, right?"
Where he is now is waiting to graduate in front of his family and friends. Already working as a formulation chemist at a New Jersey-based biopharmaceutical company since April, Domalaon notes the way he got the job wasn't via the usual process of sending out resumes and hoping to hear back.
At a conference hosted by the American Society for Microbiology, he got into an engaging scientific conversation with personnel from Matinas Biopharma, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, one of whom was the company's Senior Vice President/Chief Scientific Officer (CSO). After that initial 45-minute chat, the CSO (who already knew of Schweizer's work and was interested in a potential collaboration) arranged to fly to Winnipeg. During his visit, Domalaon was invited to fly to New Jersey and tour the company, initially unaware that it was a job interview. Thrilled to be offered the position, he gladly accepted the job opportunity.
As he nears his graduation date, Domalaon reflects on what he feels is most important for future Science graduates to know.
"It's not a race to graduate. From my perspective, university is a training ground for you to get as much as you can to make yourself viable in the future. This applies to undergrads and graduate students."
"Graduate students come in thinking that they have to be productive and keep focusing on research. True. But I think another aspect that they should learn is how to communicate effectively. Yes, you are a scientist. Yes, you know all about basic science and you can talk to other scientists about how important the research is, but you have to realize that in the future (or even now, during conferences) if you're not able to effectively communicate what you know to the public in layperson's terms, then your research will be just another paper that no one will understand."
"If you build up your communication skills, you meet people, you gain connections, you network, you'll get job offers and promotions. The peers that you talk to are your potential collaborators and coworkers in the future. You must build your own network to be successful.."
Even with his new position and his graduation imminent, Domalaon is still planning ahead. Next up for the young researcher is gaining enough experience and enough funding to eventually start his own pharmaceutical company.
At its 2019 Spring Convocation, the University of Manitoba will confer degrees, diplomas and certificates on 2,848 graduates.
Learn more about Spring Convocation 2019 here.
Each session of Convocation will be streamed online.
Follow convocation ceremonies and events on #umanitoba2019 on Twitter and Instagram to see more.
Jo Davies
chemistry, Convocation, Faculty of Graduate Studies, faculty of science, Research and International, Students
Honoured Science alumni invited back to campus to share career advice with students
On Thursday, Jan. 30 the Faculty of Science celebrates outstanding alumni at the fourth annual Faculty of Science Careers in Science Pathways to Exceptional Achievement Alumni Awards event.
Faculty of Science celebrates 50 years
The anniversary festivities start on Thursday, Jan. 16
50 years, Biological Sciences, chemistry, computer science, faculty of science, mathematics, microbiology, Physics & Astronomy, Science, Statistics
Another incredible year reaches its conclusion at the University of Manitoba and we would like to share some of our most notable stories from 2019
Alumni, Asper School of Business, distinguished alumni awards, Faculty of Arts, faculty of science, front and centre, Front and Centre - Graduate Student Support, Indigenous, Kinesiology and Recreation Management, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Research and International, shaping our story, year-end
Microbiology Grad Seminar: "Hijacking Clostridium difficile defense ..." S. Daley January 21, 2020
Statistics Seminar - Dr. Liqun Wang January 23, 2020
Chemistry Seminar: Dr. Allan East (University of Regina) January 24, 2020
Connect with the Faculty of Science
Science Events Calendar
Science Academic Advisors
The University of Manitoba Vascular Plant Herbarium (WIN)
Friends of the Buller Greenhouse
Contact the Faculty of Science


text:
Volunteer with elephants in Laos
Company : Oyster Worldwide
Duration: 1 week to 2 weeks
Approx Costs: 750 to 1250	£ Pound (UK)
Volunteer with rescued elephants in Laos, helping to give them a life as close to the wild as possible. In their former lives, these elephants were being put to work in the logging industry, a backbreakingly hard job. They have now been brought to the centre to live out the rest of their days in peace.
View All Images >>
As an elephant volunteer in Laos, you will become fully immersed in the care of these gentle giants. Volunteers help to monitor the elephants as they enjoy their newfound freedom, create enrichments to stimulate their wild behaviour and help with general maintenance of the centre.
Each day involves seeing the elephants bathing, socialising, playing and feeding. You will learn a huge amount about the elephants, how the centre cares for them and what has happened to them in the past.
You will be living on site at the centre, in a stunning location surrounded by a large lake and towering mountains. You will be sharing a room with one other volunteer in a volunteer house.
Food is provided by the project and is very delicious.
Booking / Enquiry
Apply Online Visit Website
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Xi'an to Ho Chi Minh City (32 days) Far East Explorer
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Volunteer in Laos with Education Support Program - from just $21 per day!
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BOARDS & BIKES — 28/11/2018 — by Laura L.
23/08/2015 — by Christian B.
Three Flip to Front 50/50 – could you do that on your regular deck? I certainly can't.
05/05/2015 — by Quirin V.
A clip featuring O'Neill ambassadors Simon, Sepalot and C100 means surf, music and art. Enjoy!


text:
Images: Google maps life on Mars
By Bill Detwiler · July 18, 2006, 8:42 AM PST · billdetwiler
Google Maps has collaborated with NASA researchers at Arizona State University to present brightly colored, detailed maps of the Red Planet.
The opening screen shows a wide range of features: volcanoes, rivers, plains--pretty much what an Earth geographical map looks like.
The easiest way to use the map is to click on a category on top and then click on the matches. Under "Spacecraft" you can find the landing site of the Mars Rover Spirit.
For a shaded relief map of Mars, click on "Visible" and you'll get a mosaic of images from the Mars Orbiter Camera on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor.
Google Mars says it chose a gray-scale to better highlight images over the planet's true color which looks like butterscotch.
The infrared map is taken from wavelengths that are invisible to the human eye. Higher resolution mosaics are highlighted within the image.
To find out about Martian geographical features, click on a category and then one of the search results. Clicking on the feature's name will bring up a NASA article which explains the feature in more detail.
This map shows where the "Face on Mars" was found and lets you read the story behind its legend.
From the farthest zoom back, you can see the map repeats three times.
Software Enterprise Software Developer Open Source Software Mobility Cloud
Comment and share: Images: Google maps life on Mars


text:
Q: How to enable Bluetooth in Mac with shortcut or command line? I accidentally disabled the Bluetooth on Mac OS. I can't enable it because my Bluetooth based keyboard and mouse are now disabled.
I found a USB based keyboard I can use, so how can I enable Bluetooth just using my keyboard?
Is there a command line way or shortcut I can use?

A: control+F8 activates the status menu.(upper right corner)
If bluetooth button is enabled in the status menu, you can select the bluetooth-menu-option using the   ↑    ←  ↓   →   and  return   to activate bluetooth
Depending on your keyboard preference settings, you may need to press
ctrl+fn+F8.

A: This method required the bluetooth menu bar status icon to show and used AppleScript GUI scripting (requires System Preferences » Universal Access » Support for assistive devices IIRC):
tell application "System Events"
    tell process "SystemUIServer"
        tell (menu bar item 1 of menu bar 1 whose description is "bluetooth")
            click
            click menu 1's second menu item
        end tell
    end tell
end tell

Call from command line using osascript:
osascript -e 'tell application "System Events" to tell process "SystemUIServer" to tell (menu bar item 1 of menu bar 1 whose description is "bluetooth") to {click, click (menu item 2 of menu 1)}'

Do not edit this post. I don't care if you don't like the scroll bar. It's easier to select by triple-clicking this way.

Alternatively, you can launch System Preferences and click the checkbox:
tell application "System Preferences"
    set current pane to pane id "com.apple.preferences.bluetooth"
    tell application "System Events"
        tell process "System Preferences"
            click checkbox "On" of window "Bluetooth"
        end tell
    end tell
    quit
end tell

While a GUI process launches, it isn't visible except for the Dock icon.

A: Here is a faster way which I just did on Lion:

*

*Command + Spacebar to start spotlight

*type "bluetooth"

*Select "Bluetooth File Exchange"

*This will trigger a warning that bluetooth is disabled, the enable button should be highlighted so all you need to do now is press return

A: I've been using blueutil occasionally - seems to work. It's free and comes with the source code.
blueutil --power 1
blueutil --power 0

Older versions:

Usage:
Print bluetooth status
blueutil status
Switch bluetooth on
blueutil on
Switch bluetooth off
blueutil off

A: *

*Press ⌘Space, write "bluetooth".

*Press the following combination: Fn⌃F7. A light blue frame appears arround the activate box.

*Press spacebar, finished!

A: Use Alfred and the Bluetooth workflow
Alfred
http://www.alfredapp.com
Bluetooth Toggle
http://www.alfredforum.com/topic/1047-bluetooth-toggle/?hl=bluetooth

A: *

*⌘+Tab until you get to the Finder.

*⇧+⌘+G to bring up the Go To dialog: type in /Applications.

*Just type the letters "sys" and your highlight should be over "System Preferences". Press ⌘+O to open it.

*In System Preferences, the cursor should be in the search field. Just type in "bluetooth" and press Return. Now you're in the Bluetooth preferences.

*Press Tab, and there should be a faint highlight on the "On" checkbox.

*Press Space, and that should turn it on.

If you happen to have Quicksilver installed, invoke System Preferences from there and go directly to step 4 above. Or without Quicksilver press ⌘+Space to activate Spotlight, type "bluetooth" and go directly to the Bluetooth preference pane, and step 5 above.
If you don't have a Command key on the keyboard, then hit Ctrl+F2 to activate the Apple menu, press ↓ and go to System Preferences and continue at step 4 above.
If in Step 5 pressing Tab does not navigate through all inputs, then press Ctrl+F7 to activate Full Keyboard Access. When done, press Ctrl+F7 again to disable it.

A: In my case, the CTRL+F8 method (posted by PIXIT, down below) is exactly what I need. Here's why:
When I change the battery on my Magic Mouse, the computer often fails to reconnect the mouse. The other answers here talk about turning Bluetooth on or off. My Bluetooth is on, but I need to specifically activate the Mouse connection. Going through the status bar with the arrows lets me go down through the menu to My Mouse, and sideways to Connect.
(OS 10.10.3)

A: I use ⌘ ^ B (Command + Ctrl + B) for this.
First install brewutil,

*

*brew update

*brew install blueutil
Second setup shoutcut,

*

*Start Automator.

*Open File -> New

*Select Service document type.

*Now select, Service receives no input in any application

*Now Add action - Run Shell Script

*And now enter the following script and click save
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
bluetoothStatus=$(blueutil -p)
[[ $bluetoothStatus -eq 0 ]] && blueutil -p 1 || blueutil -p 0

*Now go to System Preferences -> KeyBoard -> Shortcuts -> Services.

*Go to General section.

*The service created via automator will be listed there and a shortcut can be set.

The export line should be there even it is included in the ./bash-* files.

A: Here's a sequence that worked for me (OS X 10.6.7) when I had the same issue.

*

*Press ⌘ Space to activate Spotlight.

*Type "bluetooth", choose the 'Bluetooth File Exchange' application, and press Return.

*Bluetooth File Exchange will prompt to enable the bluetooth hardware, press Return.

*Bluetooth is now enabled and you can quit Bluetooth File Exchange.

A: I wanted to mention a little known feature of the OS:
If you reboot and unplug the keyboard, the OS will automatically enable Bluetooth and start looking for BT keyboards and mice. From Apple's official documentation:

*

*Turn on your Mac.

*If no USB mouse is detected, the Mac will power up to the Bluetooth trackpad or mouse setup assistant. The screen should alternate between an image of the trackpad and one of the mouse, as below.

However, this is apparently controlled by a Bluetooth setting which might be disabled:

If this setting has been disabled by the user (it is enabled by default) then this method will not work.If these options have been disabled, you can re-enable them using the terminal commands:
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.Bluetooth BluetoothAutoSeekKeyboard '1'
sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.Bluetooth BluetoothAutoSeekPointingDevice '1'

(However you might need to SSH in to do that, a which point one of the other answers might be better)

A: Simply turn on your Mac. press ⌘F then type "bluetooth" then press ⇥ until you reach the "bluetooth" icon.
Then ⌘O and ↩ to enable Bluetooth! That's the easiest way to make it!

A: If you are using a apply keyboard (wired) - just press Option+F8.
If you are using a Windows keyboard (wired) - just press Ctrl+F8.

A: If you are using Sierra OS then you can voice activate it through Siri "Turn on bluetooth", or off for that matter. You had the option to set the keyboard shortcut when you installed Sierra. Otherwise control and space is the default/or via Spotlight.

A: An updated version of the blueutil can be done using homebrew.
In a terminal:

*

*Assure you have homebrew installed:
$ brew -v

if command not found: then install it:
$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

*update the packages
$ brew doctor

*install the package blueutil
$ brew install blueutil

*check the bluetooth status (0 means off, 1 means turned on):
$ blueutil -p

*set the state:
$ blueutil -p on        # turns on the Bluetooth
$ blueutil -p off       # turns off the Bluetooth

A: If you are attempting to reinstall OSX from boot media, and your Bluetooth wasn't enabled at the start (still an issue with Mountain Lion Recovery media), Ctrl + fn + F2 gets you to the menus at the top (as described many other places), which contain other useful utilities, like Terminal.
I'm lucky that my mouse was immediately recognized (I'm sure there's ways to delve further once this has been stirred), allowing me to click things which were otherwise completely stymied (like "install"), through one short terminal command: blued . The Bluetooth daemon kicked up and gave MAC addresses for probably two devices I have currently battery powered, and around. Hope that helps others, rather than forcing us all to get/keep USB wired mice around, dust free, and in workable condition.
Other extraneous USB pointing devices failed where this method succeeded for me. The computer I am working with has a fully powered and interactive Wacom Bamboo tablet-- this doesn't get anyone anywhere since I'm sure drivers aren't included/loaded at the point I found myself.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson was born January 21, 1824 in Clarksburg, Virginia.
He graduated from West Point in 1846.
affirmative action that approaches the absurd.
Republicans who vote with Obama in the Congress.
Moral: Each cuckservative capitulation leads to more Leftist demands.
culture they purport to defend.
I will refuse to accept a $20 bill from the bank.
new era of mass immigration which has affected the lives of millions.
our Islamic enabling POTUS called the Refugee Resettlement Program.
ISIS suspect reveals plans to open up route from Syria to U.S.
Our heritage is under attack.
approaches the absurd, writes columnist Pat Buchanan.
The NYC mayor is going down!
goal of closing the facility before the president leaves office in January.
A.D. 2041 – End of White America?
babies were born than white babies.
whites will no longer be the racial majority in the United States.


text:
LEADERSHIP/SUMMIT
EXEC TRAININGS
SPORE EDU
UK, ANZ, MSIA EDU
e-cornell_rebox
百年育才 2018 3B_edited
GA Human Capital Logo_SP
If you or your company staff have the same challenges and development goals, GloApp Human Capital Pte Ltd with our consulting services will be able to work with you through one of the services as follows:
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* Higher education
* Singapore, Malaysia (Johor Bahru and Kuala Lumpur)
* Perth (Aus), Melbourne (Aus), Preston (UK)
- Course Collaborations
* English courses for entry to universities
* Foundation level for admissions to EASB / MDIS
* MDIS/EASB Post Graduate Diploma Courses collaboration with Schools
Executive Trainings
* Recruitment & Selection, Compensation & Benefits, Performance Mgmt
* Operations, Supplier Management, Marketing, Sales, Services
* eCORNELL / re:Box Online Courses
* First line and senior managerial development programs
* Executive coaching and mentoring
Management Summits
* Green Building, Banking, Finance Workshop
* Industry study missions
* Exchange Programs
* Getting ready for Digitalisation
* CRM, Sales
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* Healthy Breakfast
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contactus@glohc.com
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Our Partners 我们的伙伴
re:BOX rebuilds platform to grow, connect and share the knowledge & experience and transform the world. Transforming leaders and organizations is the key mission of re:BOX. The goals of re:BOX are to redesign organizational transformation, reinforce women leadership, reset business strategy and rethink people experience. re:BOX offers customized leadership training programs, customized workshops or consultation, seminars for individuals, teams, and organizations. These re:BOX programs will enable you to expand and build on what you have learned in the eCornell courses in a local language environment.
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Artemis Search & Partners is a partner firm of Calent3 and part of the Synergise HR Group. Specializing in premium executive search and recruitment services to clients globally, Artemis Search & Partners focuses on various industries including Oil & Gas, Petrochemicals, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Supply Chain & Logistics, Pharmaceutical, Life Sciences, Biotechnology, Banking & Finance, Real Estate. Artemis Search & Partners also specializes in various functional roles including HR, Finance and C-Level.
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Curtin University celebrated 50 Years of Innovation at the Residence of the Australian High Commissioner on 2 October. That's 50 years since the first students commenced at our predecessor institution, the Western Australian Institute of Technology (WAIT), back in 1967. A delegation of senior Curtin staff, including Mr Colin Beckett, Chancellor and Professor John Cordery, Provost and Acting Vice-Chancellor were in Singapore for the celebration. It was a great opportunity for graduates from all fields of study and sharing some of Curtin's recent news and developments. There were good Australian wines and nice tasting finger food for all. The turn-out was encouraging.
The academic partner of GloApp Human Capital, Curtin University has been ranked 23rd in the QS World University Rankings Top 50 under 50, a rise of 17 places since 2014.
Now in its seventh year, the QS listing ranks universities established since 1966 according to their position in the QS World University Rankings 2015/16.
Curtin Vice-Chancellor Professor Deborah Terry said the rise in the QS Top 50 under 50 rankings was largely attributed to the University's enhanced research, engagement and education performance and reinforces its strong reputation nationally and internationally.
"Curtin is currently ranked in the top two per cent of universities worldwide in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2015 and has received a five star overall excellence rating in the QS Stars University Ratings 2015," Professor Terry said.
"In September this year Curtin significantly increased its position from the 301-400 band to the 201-300 band in the highly regarded Academic Ranking of World Universities, placing the University at number 11 in Australia."
Professor Terry said Curtin was a very popular destination for students and had strong connections with industry, as well as high-impact and innovative courses.
"It also has the fourth largest international student population of any Australian university with over fifteen thousand students from more than 100 different countries," Professor Terry said.
"We are very proud of all our staff and students who continue to work together to enhance our mission to change minds, lives and the world through leadership, innovation and excellence in teaching and research."
阅读更多最新消息 READ MORE UPDATES...
© 2015 GloApp Human Capital Pte Ltd
| +65 9185 2877


text:
Q: Error: failed to prepare subPath for volumeMount "postgres-storage" of container "postgres" I am trying to use persistent volume claims and facing this issue
This is my postgres-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgres-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      component: postgres
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        component: postgres
    spec:
      volumes:
        - name: postgres-storage
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: database-persistent-volume-claim
      containers:
      - name: postgres
        image: postgres
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5432
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
            name: postgres-storage
            subPath: postgres

when i debug pod using describe
kubectl describe pod postgres-deployment-8576df7bfc-8mp5t

Events:
  Type     Reason     Age                  From                     Message
  ----     ------     ----                 ----                     -------
  Normal   Scheduled  3m4s                 default-scheduler        Successfully assigned default/postgres-deployment-8576df7bfc-8mp5t to docker-desktop
  Normal   Pulled     67s (x8 over 2m58s)  kubelet, docker-desktop  Successfully pulled image "postgres"
  Warning  Failed     67s (x8 over 2m58s)  kubelet, docker-desktop  Error: failed to prepare subPath for volumeMount "postgres-storage" of container "postgres"
  Normal   Pulling    53s (x9 over 3m3s)   kubelet, docker-desktop  Pulling image "postgres"

My pod is showing me this error
$ kubectl get pods
NAME                                   READY   STATUS                       RESTARTS   AGE
postgres-deployment-8576df7bfc-8mp5t   0/1     CreateContainerConfigError   0          5m5

I am not sure where is the problem in the config. but I am sure this is related to volumes because after adding volumes this problem appears

A: remove subpath. can you try below yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgres-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      component: postgres
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        component: postgres
    spec:
      volumes:
        - name: postgres-storage
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: database-persistent-volume-claim
      containers:
      - name: postgres
        image: postgres
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5432
        volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
            name: postgres-storage

I just deployed and it works
master $ kubectl get deploy
NAME                  READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
postgres-deployment   1/1     1            1           4m13s
master $ kubectl get po
NAME                                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
postgres-deployment-6b66bdd748-5q76h   1/1     Running   0          4m13s


The Library Board of Trustees believes it is the responsibility of each patron to return all library materials within the time limits established by the check-out procedures. Materials loaned to patrons should be returned undamaged or undefiled.
Library patrons, including all Library Board members and staff members, who do not return materials in the allotted time limits are subject to the fine procedures established in the regulations governing overdue books (see attached for fine schedule, which is reviewed annually). The library staff may inform patrons of overdue books as a courtesy; however, the library is not required to make such notification. The responsibility for returning books and other materials on time rests with the patron.
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Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies
FlammaUniversity of Helsinki
Jane Cowan.
Photo: Mika Federley
Politics of identity, togetherness and difference: social anthropologist Jane Cowan on the origins of our taken-for-granted concept of 'minority'
Society & economy
Author Pekka Rautio
Welcome to Jane Cowan's Inaugural Lecture titled "An anthropologist in the archives: Reading letters to the League of Nations on minorities and Macedonia".
The Inaugural Lecture will take place at 4pm on Tuesday 27 November 2018 in the Main Building's Small Festive Hall at the University of Helsinki. The lecture is free and open to the public. It will be followed by a (festive!) reception in Jane's honour.
Alternatively, follow the live stream here.
Jane Cowan is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Sussex in Brighton UK, where she has taught since 1991. American born and educated, she received her BA from Macalester College and her MA and PhD from Indiana University, Bloomington. Professor Cowan's prize-winning first book explored the ways gender, power and identity were performed and negotiated within social dancing. Her fieldwork in a small Greek town in the ethnically mixed, multilingual Macedonian region alerted her to its population's diverse and complex responses to nation-building practices over the 20th century, and inspired her to investigate the contested consolidation of 'minority' as a legal-political category within the context of the League of Nations' supervision of interwar minority treaties.
After the lecture, the audience is warmly welcome to raise a glass at the reception and to converse with Professor Cowan.
Further information about the lecture >>
Jane Cowan, the Jane and Aatos Erkko Visiting Professor in Studies on Contemporary Society at the Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies for the academic year 2018–2019, is currently investigating historical junctures concerning international human rights, the rights of minorities and minority citizenship. Cowan is particularly familiar with the situation in the region of Macedonia.
Jane Cowan has been researching minority citizenship in the context of the League of Nations as part of the pre-history of the current human rights system.
The League of Nations was an international organisation established after the First World War whose aims included disarmament, international dispute settlement and the improvement of living standards. After the Second World War, the League of Nations was succeeded by the United Nations.
Diplomats and League of Nations international civil servants cooperated with European states with the aim of maintaining regional stability and guaranteeing a permanent peace.
From 1920 to 1935, the League supervised what were known as "minority states", mainly located on the eastern borders of Europe. After the First World War, these states were compelled to accept treaties concerning the rights and protections of those citizens who differed from the majority by virtue of their language, religion or ethnicity. This moment thus saw the introduction of the term 'minority' as a political-legal category.
Why was the minority supervision mechanism of the League of Nations set up?
"The supervision mechanism and indeed, the League of Nations itself, was set up at a moment of fundamental transformation in Europe from empires to nation-states. The Hapsburg, Ottoman, Hohenzollern and Romanov empires, all of them multi-religious and multilingual, were under stress from nationalist movements," says Cowan, professor of social anthropology.
The goal for supporters of nationalism was for people who were 'similar' to live as a 'nation', a distinct political entity with territory of its own.
"Finland was one such nation, achieving independence in 1917," Cowan points out.
Following the First World War, the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 consolidated the political development of a Europe of nation-states.
"Faced with having to determine and confirm new state borders, the diplomats realised that this ideal of a pure nation-state was impossible, whether defined by criteria of language, religion or ethnicity," says Cowan.
This observation resulted in the idea that certain nations should sign a treaty to affirm full political and civil rights to the ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities living in their territory, and also to give them some special rights related to the use of their own language.
"By 1924, fifteen states had accepted minority treaty obligations: Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Turkey, the Serbo-Croat-Slovene Kingdom and Germany," Cowan lists.
Selective supervision
The League of Nations were responsible to ensure that the signatories complied with the treaties. The objective of the supervision mechanism was to prevent inter-state conflicts.
League supervision was nonetheless very selective. Only certain states were required to sign the legal treaties promising fair treatment of minorities. These obligations did not apply to other countries, such as Great Britain, wrestling at the same time with its Irish question.
According to Cowan, some revolutionary groups also used the supervision mechanisms for their own purposes: rather than accepting being described as a minority, they used it to continue their ongoing struggle for self-determination.
"Until recently, the dominant narrative dismissed the League of Nations as a 'failure' and described human rights, and the United Nations' human rights system, as if they were created ex nihilo. Yet it is easy to see that many of the League's institutional structures and procedures were adapted from the League to the United Nations," Cowan explains.
Minority rights or human rights?
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, signified the reformulation of minority rights.
"It was felt that minority rights as such were no longer needed, because the new set of human rights covered everything," Cowan says.
In practice, equality for minorities on the national level has proven challenging, so minority rights remain an issue for the UN.
"Even today, there is not a fully agreed definition of the term 'minority' at the UN," she points out.
The case of Macedonia – background for the naming dispute
In her research on the minority supervision mechanism of the League of Nations, Cowan has paid particular attention to the complex situation of Macedonia. The book Macedonia: The politics of identity and difference (Pluto 2000), edited by Cowan, is one of the fruits of her labour.
"The territorial extent of Macedonia as a region has long been disputed. There have been several elements to the contestation over what Macedonia is and to whom it belongs," Cowan explains.
During antiquity, the region was not understood in terms of the kinds of distinct borders now in use. When nationalist movements were on the rise in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the region was under the control of the Ottoman Empire.
"In that time, supporters of the Bulgarian, Greek and Serbian movements, and also a 'Macedonia for Macedonians' movement, all claimed that Macedonia should be 'theirs'," Cowan adds.
The different nationalist groups based their justifications on language, religion, ethnic origin, national consciousness or history, selecting the criterion that best supported their claim.
According to Cowan, the current controversy over who has the right to use the word 'Macedonia' is related to unresolved issues in the interwar period, though also to later events such as the Greek Civil War. The right to use the name is linked with territorial claims, which have escalated at various points of time into violent armed conflicts. Most recently, the territorial borders changed in connection with the break-up of the Yugoslav Federation.
"Finally, the name issue is also about identity and history. Many Greeks feel that Macedonia is historically Greek because of Greeks being there before the Slavs. As long-time inhabitants of the territory, citizens of the Republic of Macedonia believe, equally strongly, that they have, at long last, the right to be recognised as an independent state by the international community. Although many in both countries support the currently negotiated compromise name of 'Republic of North Macedonia', nationalists on both sides are outraged," says Cowan.
Historical archives through the eyes of an anthropologist
Jane Cowan will give her inaugural lecture, An anthropologist in the archives: Reading letters to the League of Nations on minorities and Macedonia, on 27 November at the University of Helsinki. The lecture will explore the struggles around minorities and minority citizenship in the Balkans, especially in Macedonia, as seen through letters to the League of Nations and the encounters they generated.
"In my lecture, I will explain how letters and petitions addressed to the League of Nations were processed at the time by a small team of bureaucrats, how the term 'minority' was defined, asserted and resisted by the various parties, and the effects this had on subject-making processes.
"Over forty years of field work experience in the Balkans has affected my reading of archival records. I am aware that although the letters I am studying portray the boundaries between groups as clear and absolute, people in the region do not necessarily think this way. The ways they describe themselves may change depending on context and audience, and also may change over time," says Cowan.
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