To accept that cognition is embodied is to question many of the beliefs traditionally held by cognitive scientists. One key question regards the localization of cognitive faculties. Here we argue that for cognition to be embodied and sometimes embedded, means that the cognitive faculty cannot be localized in a brain area alone. We review recent research on neural reuse, the 1/f structure of human activity, tool use, group cognition, and social coordination dynamics that we believe demonstrates how the boundary between the different areas of the brain, the brain and body, and the body and environment is not only blurred but indeterminate. In turn, we propose that cognition is supported by a nested structure of task‐specific synergies, which are softly assembled from a variety of neural, bodily, and environmental components (including other individuals), and exhibit interaction dominant dynamics.
Chemero A. (2003) An outline of a theory of affordances. Ecological Psychology 15: 181–195.
This paper has two primary aims. The first is to provide an introductory discussion of hyperset theory and its usefulness for modeling complex systems. The second aim is to provide a hyperset analysis of several perspectives on autonomy: Robert Rosen's metabolism-repair systems and his claim that living things are closed to efficient cause, Maturana and Varela's autopoietic systems, and Kauffman's cataytically closed systems. Consequences of the hyperset models for Rosen's claim that autonomous systems have non-computable models are discussed.
This brief commentary has three goals. The first is to argue that "framework debate" in cognitive science is unresolvable. The idea that one theory or framework can singly account for the vast complexity and variety of cognitive processes seems unlikely if not impossible. The second goal is a consequence of this: We should consider how the various theories on offer work together in diverse contexts of investigation. A final goal is to supply a brief review for readers who are compelled by these points to explore existing literature on the topic. Despite this literature, pluralism has garnered very little attention from broader cognitive science. We end by briefly considering what it might mean for theoretical cognitive science.
Dotov D. G. & Chemero A. (2014) Breaking the perception-action cycle: Experimental phenomenology of non-sense and its implications for theories of perception and movement science. In: Cappuccio M. & Froese T. (eds.) Enactive cognition at the edge of sense-making: Making sense of non-sense.. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills: 37–60.
Dotov D. G. & Chemero A. (2014) Breaking the perception-action cycle: Experimental phenomenology of non-sense and its implications for theories of perception and movement science. In: Cappuccio M. & Froese T. (eds.) Enactive cognition at the edge of sense-making: Making sense of non-sense. Palgrave Macmillan, Houndmills: 37–60.
Merleau-Ponty's description of Cezanne's working process reveals two things: first, cognition arises on the basis of perception and action, and, second, cognition arises out of frustration, when an agent confronts non-sense. We briefly present the history of the domain of philosophy and psychology that has claimed that perception-action comes before cognition, especially the work of Merleau-Ponty, Gibson, and Heidegger. We then present an experimental paradigm "front-loading" the Heideggerian phenomenology of encountering tools. The experiments consisted of a dynamical perception-action task and a cognitive task. The results reinforce the distinction between tools being experienced as ready-to-hand and turning into unreadyor present-at-hand when sense-ma kin g was thwarted. A more cognitive attitude towards the task emerged when participants experienced non-sense. We discuss implications of this for the movement sciences.
Open peer commentary on the article "Investigating Extended Embodiment Using a Computational Model and Human Experimentation" by Yuki Sato, Hiroyuki Iizuka & Takashi Ikegami. Upshot: First, we comment on a potential weakness highlighted by the use of self-reporting in the human-coupled windmill experiment as described in the target article. Second, we suggest that the authors treat their windmill models as soft-assembled dynamical systems. This would allow them to investigate extended body schemes by looking for 1/f noise in the interface between the agent and the windmills.
Although dynamical systems have been used by cognitive scientists for more than a decade already (e.g. Kugler, Kelso, and Turvey, 1980), dynamical systems first gained widespread attention in the mid-1990s (e.g. Kelso, 1995; Port and van Gelder, 1995; Thelen and Smith, 1994) Dynamical systems theory was then, and continues to be, a crucial tool for embodied cognitive science. The word dynamical simply means "changing over time" and thus a dynamical system is simply a system whose behavior evolves or changes over time. The scientific study of dynamical systems is concerned with understanding, modeling, and predicting the ways in which the behavior of a system changes over time. In the last few decades, thanks to increasing computational power, researchers have begun to investigate and understand the dynamic behavior of complex biological, cognitive, and social systems, using the concepts and tools of non-linear dynamical systems. In the next section, we will describe the key concepts of modern dynamical systems theory (complexity, self-organization, soft assembly, interaction dominance, and non-linearity) In the second section, we briefly discuss some dynamical analysis techniques used in the cognitive sciences. In the third, we give some examples of the application of complex dynamical systems theory and analysis in cognitive science. In the last, we sketch some consequences of the widespread applicability of dynamical approaches to understanding neural, cognitive, and social systems.
The complex systems approach to cognitive science invites a new understanding of extended cognitive systems. According to this understanding, extended cognitive systems are heterogenous, composed of brain, body, and niche, non-linearly coupled to one another. This view of cognitive systems, as non-linearly coupled brain–body–niche systems, promises conceptual and methodological advances. In this article we focus on two of these. First, the fundamental interdependence among brain, body, and niche makes it possible to explain extended cognition without invoking representations or computation. Second, cognition and conscious experience can be understood as a single phenomenon, eliminating fruitless philosophical discussion of qualia and the so-called hard problem of consciousness. What we call "extended phenomenological-cognitive systems" are relational and dynamical entities, with interactions among heterogeneous parts at multiple spatial and temporal scales.
Key words: Complexity, Dynamical systems, Extended cognition, Consciousness.


text:
Q: Distinct number algorithm from string I'm working on a simple game and I have the requirement of taking a word or phrase such as "hello world" and converting it to a series of numbers.
The criteria is:

*

*Numbers need to be distinct

*Need ability to configure maximum sequence of numbers. IE 10 numbers total.

*Need ability to configure max range for each number in sequence.

*Must be deterministic, that is we should get the same sequence everytime for the same input phrase.

I've tried breaking down the problem like so:

*

*Convert characters to ASCII number code: "hello world" = 104 101 108 108 111 32 119 111 114 108 100

*Remove everyother number until we satisfy total numbers (10 in this case)

*Foreach number if number > max number then divide by 2 until number <= max number

*If any numbers are duplicated increase or decrease the first occurence until satisfied. (This could cause a problem as you could create a duplicate by solving another duplicate)

Is there a better way of doing this or am I on the right track? As stated above I think I may run into issues with removing distinction.

A: If you want to limit the size of the output series - then this is impossible.
Proof:
Assume your output is a series of size k, each of range r <= M for some predefined M, then there are at most k*M possible outputs.
However, there are infinite number of inputs, and specifically there are k*M+1 different inputs.
From pigeonhole principle (where the inputs are the pigeons and the outputs are the pigeonholes) - there are 2 pigeons (inputs) in one pigeonhole (output) - so the requirement cannot be achieved.

Original answer, provides workaround without limiting the size of the output series:
You can use prime numbers, let p1,p2,... be the series of prime numbers.

Then, convert the string into series of numbers using number[i] = ascii(char[i]) * p_i

The range of each character is obviously then [0,255 * p_i]
Since for each i,j such that i != j -> p_i * x != p_j * y (for each x,y) - you get uniqueness. However, this is mainly nice theoretically as the generated numbers might grow quickly, and for practical implementation you are going to need some big number library such as java's BigInteger (cannot recall the C# equivalent)
Another possible solution (with the same relaxation of no series limitation) is:
number[i] = ascii(char[i]) + 256*(i-1)

In here the range for number[i] is [256*(i-1),256*i), and elements are still distinct.

A: Mathematically, it is theoretically possible to do what you want, but you won't be able to do it in C#:
If your outputs are required to be distinct, then you cannot lose any information after encoding the string using ASCII values. This means that if you limit your output size to n numbers then the numbers will have to include all information from the encoding.
So for your example
"Hello World"  ->  104 101 108 108 111 32 119 111 114 108 100
you would have to preserve the meaning of each of those numbers. The simplest way to do this would just 0 pad your numbers to three digits and concatenate them together into one large number...making your result 104101108111032119111114108100 for max numbers = 1.
(You can see where the issue becomes, for arbitrary length input you need very large numbers.) So certainly it is possible to encode any arbitrary length string input to n numbers, but the numbers will become exceedingly large.
If by "numbers" you meant digits, then no you cannot have distinct outputs, as @amit explained in his example with the pidgeonhole principle.

A: Let's eliminate your criteria as easily as possible.
For distinct, deterministic, just use a hash code.  (Hash actually isn't guaranteed to be distinct, but is highly likely to be):
string s = "hello world";
uint hash = Convert.ToUInt32(s.GetHashCode());

Note that I converted the signed int returned from GetHashCode to unsigned, to avoid the chance of having a '-' appear.
Then, for your max range per number, just convert the base.
That leaves you with the maximum sequence criteria.  Without understanding your requirements better, all I can propose is truncate if necessary:
hash.toString().Substring(0, size)

Truncating leaves a chance that you'll no longer be distinct, but that must be built in as acceptable to your requirements?  As amit explains in another answer, you can't have infinite input and non-infinite output.

A: Ok, so in one comment you've said that this is just to pick lottery numbers.  In that case, you could do something like this:
public static List<int> GenNumbers(String input, int count, int maxNum)
{
    List<int> ret = new List<int>();
    Random r = new Random(input.GetHashCode());
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
    {
        int next = r.Next(maxNum - i);
        foreach (int picked in ret.OrderBy(x => x))
        {
            if (picked <= next)
                ++next;
            else
                break;
        }
        ret.Add(next);
    }
    return ret;
}

The idea is to seed a random number generator with the hash code of the String.  The rest of that is just picking numbers without replacement.  I'm sure it could be written more efficiently - an alternative is to generate all maxNum numbers and shuffle the first count.  Warning, untested.
I know newer versions of the .Net runtime use a random String hash code algorithm (so results will differ between runs), but I believe this is opt-in.  Writing your own hash algorithm is an option.

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Whether it is responding to spill and leak of your electronic devices, cleaning air conditioner or heater, or waxing floors, it is highly useful to schedule a spring cleaning tips for him. If you are not a "he", check out our Spring Cleaning Tips for Her blog post. Let's get started, shall we?
A. Have a good spring cleaning check list. I picked out one that is absolutely useful for the man of the house to follow through.
B. Sparkle your car; and your wife's. Here's the most efficient way to spring clean your car in 5, 15, 30, or 60 minutes, depending how much time you have at the moment of the spring cleaning mood arrives.
C. Got a blocked drainage? Use salt. Source: RealSimple.
D. Use half of tennis ball as bulb remover. Source: RealSimple.
E. Polish chrome on taps with baby oil. Source: RealSimple.
F. Choose from our many gloves especially when you are working with harsher cleaning chemicals.


One day when life had been busy, it took several trips to carry all my trash and recycling to the dumpsters. I could have loaded it all into a cart, but I was enjoying the walk. It was a quiet day, a bit drizzly. My neighbors were not out, but they were somehow how still present. As I walked by each house I thought of the person inside: The one who invited us in for cookies after caroling last year. The home that used to house some of the best friends my kids had and their incredible parents. Now it is home to two of my favorite community philosophers. Another houses the kind neighbor who notarizes documents with a side of excellent conversation, sincere compassion and wise counsel. There are the plants my neighbor uses to attract butterflies, happy to show off her caterpillars in season, and the mint grown and shared in abundance. There are 67 homes in my community, so I could go on for a while, but you get the idea.
Another day I was helping a friend carry cardboard to the recycling. As we passed through "the circle" a young child squealed with glee. Eyes lit up, he asked, "Can I have your box?" It was quickly added to a collection of large boxes serving as playhouse and jungle gym on the sidewalk. By the time we were making our way back home, mom was handing out cabbage leaves to children piled in boxes. The children alternately wore them on their heads and chomped them for snacks, asking for more. Some things you really only ever see in cohousing.
Another day I found myself paused to chat with a neighbor my trash bag sitting at my feet as we solved the problems of the world. Before long a youngster rode by on his bike and then crashed several feet beyond us. I ran to help him up, aided by another neighbor who has seen the tumble through her window. We got him delivered to Grandma, I collected my trash bag and did eventually make it to the dumpster.
It is these everyday joys of cohousing I think I would miss the most if I lived somewhere else. For now, though, I better run. I think my recycle basket needs emptying.
I love those dumpster run stories!
My definition of a traffic jam, is when my 5 minute walking commute to my office (in community office building) takes 15 minutes because of all the neighbors that I chat with on the way.
And detours can add 30 minutes to my commute by the time I return dishes to the common house, knitting needles I have borrowed to neighbors, signed up for a meal, or done a little weeding in the garden.


Description: A stirring traditional Irish folk arrangement. Ideal for Irish/American historical scenes, documentaries etc. Step-dance stomps add thunderous percussion, while fiddle, flute, accordion and bagpipes speak of hope.


text:
Whatever Happened to James Ransone?
Whatever Happened to the Cast of "The Santa Clause?"
Aiden Mason 4 years ago
It's always interesting when the major stars of a mediocre Christmas film find their career paths changing after the writers run out of storylines. The cast of "The Santa Clause" have gone in many different directions, with some learning their lesson and moving on from acting. This list gives us updates on the recent career moves, up or down, that have taken place in the actor's lives since the end of the trilogy.
Allen was an experienced television actor when he took on the lead role of Santa. Some may also remember him from the movie "Galaxy Quest." After "The Santa Clause" ended his next notable "acting" project was to take on the voice of the Buzz Lightyear character in the animated film "Toy Story" and its franchise followers. He returned to television, his strong suit, and starred in the sitcom "Last Man Standing" which has received solid reviews and Allen was largely responsible for its success. Up next, Allen is slated to reprise his voice-over role as Buzz Lightyear in the planned release of "Toy Story 4" next year.
Eric Lloyd (Charlie Calvin)
The childhood actor took advantage of his childhood after "The Santa Clause" snagging roles in both the movies ("Dunston Checks In") and a television series ("Jesse"). But after his gig with "The Santa Clause" trilogy ended, he basically left acting and wanted to do more with his life. So he returned to school to finish his education and also to get involved with his band. Calvin believed his on-camera work would translate to a behind-the-camera career, which he found was not very successful for even low budget films or commercials. So he decided to return to the front of the camera, with his latest project being "The Onyx of Wall Street."
David Krumholtz
Though he was cast as Bernard the Elf in the movie, he found greater notoriety in a movie that he did after "The Santa Clause" — "10 Things I Hate About You." But like Allen, he found his niche on television in the series "Numb3rs" playing the role of Charlie Eppes for its full 5 season run. But Krumholtz would also make the same mistake as Lloyd and try returning to the movies appearing in films like "Harold & Kumar" and 'This Is the End." Some call these films "raunchy comedy" which is unbefitting for a man who once played a mathematical genius.
Judge Reinhol
Whether "The Santa Clause" was the beginning of the end for Reinhold is a matter of dispute. What is not disputed is his arrest for getting into an altercation with TSA agents at Dallas' Love Field airport back in 2016. He is best remembered for his roles in "Beverly Hills Cop" and "Fast Times at Ridgemont High" both which were popular and allowed Reinhold to shine. One of his lesser known and recognized roles was in "Ruthless People." Now he has performed in the cable TV series "The Detour" and done some Broadway work. But he is 61 and that boyish look has long since disappeared.
Though not a marquee name when appearing in "The Santa Clause" Wendy found her way to sidle along many of Hollywood's top male movie leads, including Harrison Ford in "Air Force One" and Arnold Schwarzenegger in "The 6th Day." The 21st century brought her to the lure of television where she navigated her way to being regularly cast as a doctor in such TV series as "ReGenesis" and "Saving Hope." Count Wendy as one of the surviving success stories of "The Santa Clause" but only after she retreated, as most of the actors did, to television.
There are two actors who had major parts in "The Santa Clause" and both have disappeared from the Hollywood limelight for very different reasons. Sadly, the well-known and liked Peter Boyle died shortly after the release of "The Santa Clause 3" finale. The other, Paige Tamada who was cast as Judy the Elf, apparently stopped acting in 1999 after appearing on a number of television shows, including "Seinfeld," "Ally McBeal," and even finding space on Tim Allen's own "Home Improvement" show. But you are not likely to find anything noteworthy regarding an acting career from Paige by scouring social media or the Internet for that matter. The absence of an online presence shows that Paige has had enough of acting, or prefers to just live as normal a life as possible. After 18 years we think her fans should get the hint.
Aiden Mason
Aiden's been an entertainment freelancer for over 10 years covering movies, television and the occasional comic or video game beat. If it's anything Shawshank Redemption, Seinfeld, or Kevin Bacon game related he's way more interested.
Five Classic Movie Comedies that Could Easily Be Made Into TV Shows
Madison January 20, 2016
Whatever Happened to Bastian From Neverending Story?
Aiden Mason January 16, 2016
10 Movies That Capture the High School Experience Best
Ranking the Top Ten Movies Written by John Hughes
Whatever Happened to Chong Li From Bloodsport?
The 10 Greatest Movie Cops Of All-Time

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Coe Leta is an Executive Design Director at IDEO in San Francisco, California.
Since 2006, she's been leading innovative design projects for organizations including Google, Microsoft, Target, Wells Fargo, Ford, eBay, Hasbro, Sesame Street, and Government and Healthcare groups.
Known for expertise in digital design, education, and data, her work has won international awards and patents for clients and been featured in the New York Times and Wired.
Currently, she is Managing Director of IDEO U, an intrapreneurial venture to teach the skills of creative leadership and Design Thinking to global audiences.
Coe Leta has a Ph.D. in Cognition and Development from UC Berkeley and guest lectures at Stanford University's d.School.


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text:
Dan Wheldon's family pays tribute to two-time Indy 500 winner
By Jamie O'Leary and Jonathan Noble Monday, October 17th 2011, 16:40 GMT
Dan Wheldon's family has paid tribute to the former IndyCar champion, calling him "a gentleman on and off the track" and "a true champion
8 F1 Latifi picks Rosberg's race number for F1 debut
9 OTHER Video: Under the skin of a Le Mans legend
10 F1 F1 announces commercial boss Bratches's exit
Mann released from hospital


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text:
Prepping for Paris: Food edition
Submitted by Jeffrey Schwartz on May 24 2017
Paris attracts people for all sorts of reasons. Picasso came for the bohemian art scene that thrived in Montmartre. Hemingway, Fitzgerald and other Lost Generation American expats sought refuge and inspiration (not to mention the occasional drink) in the cafes of Saint Germain and Montparnasse. Jazz musicians like Josephine Baker, Coleman Hawkins and Louis Armstrong fled Harlem and Chicago for Pigalle and the Latin Quarter, finding receptive audiences and a more racially tolerant society in which to practice their art. And just a few months ago, now-president of France Emmanuel Macron invited American scientists and entrepreneurs to relocate and work with their French compatriots on solutions to climate change. As for myself, I'm going to Paris for the food.
In this edition of "Prepping for Paris" I discuss the resources my wife and I have used as we brace ourselves to devour Paris's epicurean delights on our honeymoon. (And if you're interested, check out the previous edition of "Prepping in Paris" here.)
From a practical standpoint, few books have been more helpful in our gastronomic education than Patricia Wells's The Food Lover's Guide to Paris. Originally published in the '80s, Wells has updated her invaluable tome every few years with information about new eateries and chefs, while also removing any establishment that fails to meet her exacting standards.
The book is divided into categories such as "Restaurants, Bistros, and Brasseries," "Cheese Shops" and "Bakeries," and organizes each section by arrondissement. Wells's entries are brief, opinionated and evocative – a far cry from the truncated, impersonal capsule descriptions you find in most guidebooks. Praising the fare of one modern bistro, Wells writes, "I confess that when I sit down to examine a restaurant menu and find a cornucopia of seasonal vegetables on the list, I want to get up and kiss the chef!"
Such ebullient descriptions make the experience of reading the book not unlike sitting down with an especially knowledgeable foodie friend who's always got a bead on the best places to eat and drink. For this and many other reasons, The Food Lover's Guide to Paris is an indispensable asset for any gastronomy-minded Paris tourist.
France's relatively diminutive size as a country – it's roughly the size of Texas – belies the breadth of its regional culinary traditions. While American cuisine is viewed as an improvisatory concoction with myriad ethnic influences, French food is often stereotyped (in our country, at least) as a monolith; nothing but bread and snails and cheese and wine. And while bread and snails and cheese and wine all have their place in French gastronomy, what constitutes French food varies terrifically depending on whether you find yourself in Burgundy or Brittany.
Helping to make sense of France's tangled culinary history is Ann Mah, author of Mastering the Art of French Eating. Although the book is first and foremost a memoir of the four years Mah spent in Paris working as a writer and living the life of a diplomat's spouse, Mah also offers a de facto history of regional French cuisine. French food, she notes, "absorbed flavors and techniques through its porous borders, via age-old rivalries with Italy, Spain, Germany, Belgium (to name but a few), and by way of its former colonies in North Africa and Southeast Asia."
Over the course of 10 chapters, Mah explores France mouth-first, sampling cassoulet from Castelnaudary, soupe au Pistou from Provence and andouillette from Troyes. Each chapter ends with a recipe for the dish under consideration. Mah's sojourns also give her an opportunity to elucidate not just French food, but French culture, politics and social history as well. Fleeing Paris for Provence – a Parisian tradition during the summer – Mah explains how France's liberal vacation policies stem from the social reforms of the Popular Front government in the 1930s. A trip to Alsace to sample choucroute ("finely sliced, fermented cabbage...topped with sausages and ham") occasions an examination on cross-cultural identity and the fraught status of the étrangère (foreigner) throughout France's history.
Mah balances these historical and cultural ruminations with her own story, candidly sharing the joys and contretemps of living in a foreign country. If you're interested in French gastronomy, a good memoir or simply want some tasty, authentic French recipes, Mastering the Art of French Eating is sharp, edifying and joyful – just like the best meals, come to think of it.
All this research is a famishing business, and what better way to prepare for our culinary adventure than by trying some French favorites in our very own maison? Dorie Greenspan's Around My French Table is a charming, eclectic introduction to French home cooking, and her recipes have been filling our house with delightful smells and flavors for months now.
Although she includes French classics like pot au feu (a really, really good beef stew, basically) and pommes dauphinois (the best potatoes you've ever eaten), Greenspan is never didactic, often encouraging readers to make something their own and offering alternatives for ingredients. She also acknowledges the influence of North Africa and East Asia on French cuisine, and includes recipes for dishes like Vietnamese Chicken Noodle Soup and chicken b'stilla.
I can personally vouch for a number of Greenspan's recipes. Her Savory Cheese and Chive Bread is a saporous pleasure – tangy, creamy, herbaceous. Meanwhile, her Côte d'Azur Cure-All Soup, which I whipped up and sampled one weekend while feeling distinctly beneath the atmospheric conditions, is a refreshing, garlicky broth with a buttery texture and color thanks to the last-minute addition of half a dozen egg yolks and parmesan; I can't speak to its medicinal value but it certainly improved my sagging spirits.
By far my favorite Greenspan recipe is "Pumpkin Stuffed with Everything Good." Unlike so many recipes titles, which obfuscate rather than illuminate what they're meant to describe, this one spells it out plainly: a hollowed-out pumpkin is filled with cheese and bread and garlic and bacon and herbs and cream, baked for about two hours, carved into slices and served piping-hot. On a cool autumn day, the sky gray, the trees bare, and the air crisp with approaching winter, there is, literally, nothing better.
A cynic might view all this gastronomic "research" as, at best, unnecessary and, at worst, an excuse for indulgence. Although in my book occasional indulgence needs no excuse, I won't deny the appeal of using our honeymoon as a pretext to immerse ourselves intellectually and corporally in French cuisine. But food is so much more than carbs and fats and proteins that we masticate and gulp down and convert into energy. Food, especially for the French, is culture and history and family. Food is a way to travel without leaving your kitchen. And so, even though our honeymoon won't happen till this fall, in a way, we've already begun our journey to Paris.
prepping for paris
Patricia Wells is one of our
psmith - Jun 5 2017
Patricia Wells is one of our favorites and I can personally vouch for The Foodlover's Guide to Paris. This guide is also an app and can save you both time and $$ while traveling. From markets to cafes to places to have those special meals, her recommendations are always reliable. Thank you for this delicious blog on French cooking. I agree, sometimes cooking a delicious meal at home can be the most economical way to experience a wonderful culture. Thank you for these great cookbook recommendations.
Thanks for the kind words,
Jeffrey Schwartz - Jun 7 2017
Thanks for the kind words, Pam. I've been familiarizing myself with the Food Lover's app, and it's great. Can't wait to use it in Paris!
Ahhh Paris! Reading your blog
mmarcilla - Jun 29 2017
Ahhh Paris! Reading your blog brought back so many wonderful sights, smells and tastes. One of my favorite memories is taking a walking tour and purchasing Pain au Chocolat or a chocolate filled croissant at a small bakery, such deliciousness! As this was the only the first day in Paris, I knew I was in store for so many new and wonderful epicurean delights.


Nintendo 3DS XL SNES Classic at Amazon : Surprisingly, Amazon offers the Nintendo 3DS XL SNES Classic Style edition for pre-order on its website. The classic 3D game console has not yet been officially announced by Nintendo, but according to the Amazon website it will be available in stores on November 27. The Nintendo 3DS XL SNES Classic Style is already up for pre-order on Amazon for $200. Some time ago, Nintendo released the 3DS LL Super Famicom Style for Japan. In Europe, Nintendo released the Nintendo 3DS SNES Edition earlier this month. The European 3DS XL SNES Edition matches the Japanese SNES console design.
Tech website I4U discovered the 3DS SNES Classic on the Amazon website. The new Nintendo game console features a cover design matching the looks of the traditional SNES. The power and reset buttons are purple, just like the controller. The bundle at Amazon comes with a free Super Mario Kart game download, a true retro SNES game.
The new Nintendo 3DS XL system plays all Nintendo DS games (2DS and 3DS). Nintendo 2DS games will not appear in 3D. The game console uses the same AC adapter as the Nintendo DSi, Nintendo 3DS and Nintendo 2DS systems.
The Nintendo 3DS XL SNES Classic edition will ship on November 27. On the Amazon website you can already put a pre-order for $200 USD. If you are interested in getting one, you may want to place a pre-order as the latest Nintendo products are all out-of-stock frequently.


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Sybrand van der Werf is een Nederlands operaregisseur. Hij werd in 1977 in het Friese Hichtum geboren. Hij studeerde van 1995 tot en met 2003 aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, achtereenvolgens Sterrenkunde en Kunstmatige Intelligentie. Daarna studeerde hij aan de Toneelacademie Maastricht, waar hij in 2006 afstudeerde als regisseur / docent drama. Sindsdien heeft Van der Werf bij meerdere binnen- en buitenlandse operagezelschappen gewerkt zoals Opera Zuid, Opera Trionfo, BarokOpera Amsterdam, Nationaltheater Mannheim en de Salzburger Festspiele. Hij is sinds 2018 artistiek leider van Opera Compact.

Nederlands operaregisseur

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Pink love ball duo with a diameter of 5 cm and rotary Vibrating inner life. By connecting web and retraction loop of silicone. Also ideal for targeted pelvic floor exercises! Overall length: 22 cm (including withdrawal cord). Weight: 167 g. Material: ABS (balls), silicone (connecting web and withdrawal cord).


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A Note From Pitchfork Editor-in-Chief Puja Patel About Our 2010s Project
200 songs and 200 albums don't just rank themselves
By Puja Patel
When we first embarked on creating this package—Pitchfork's definitive guide to the best music of the 2010s—it felt like an exciting but overwhelming task. We wanted to be clear-eyed about the recent past while still looking forward; we wanted to celebrate innovation and pay proper tribute to modern classics. What music felt like it universally grounded us? What delivered humanity, soul, and passion at a time where there was more recorded music being released at a faster clip than ever before?
The making of these lists took close to six months and included multiple rounds of voting, several meticulous spreadsheets, a Slack chat channel devoted to staff debates around certain albums and songs, and an existential discussion about whether a late 2009 release could be included due to the weight of its impact landing in 2010 (it was a "yes" for The Fame Monster). We spent hours upon hours revisiting incredible music and hearing it with new perspective, and had thoughtful and dizzying conversations about the cultural significance of a piece of music next to the complexity of its craftsmanship and the feelings it evokes. And then there were the weeks of meetings between editors to painstakingly decide what landed where.
It turns out that choosing and ranking 200 songs and 200 albums was a massive task, but it also served as an opportunity to reflect on what moves us. Music is the heartbeat of culture, a reflection of the world at any given moment, a way for us to navigate the knottier parts of being, a means for catharsis.
It took 80 writers over 65,500 words to get to the core of why these songs and albums are the best of the decade—you'll see some new faces and some old friends in the bylines. (We also realize that 2019 isn't over quite yet—if something comes out that deserves a spot on one of these lists before the year is out, we'll add it, unranked.) Over the next two weeks, we'll share essays, features, and other reflections on the music of the 2010s as well. We hope you enjoy reading about some of your favorites or discover something entirely new. I encourage you to take your time reading it—the payoff is worth it, especially if you listen as you go.


Hike & Fly welcome to my life.
I haven't been writing for some time now and is not like I've been grounded. I'll start with the news about my first xc and pod harness Impress 3. I haven't flown other pod harnesses so I wont be writing a blog about it since I can't compare it with others, what I want to say is that I have zero complaints for now, it's light, compact, warm and is gazillion times better than my previous harness advance progress from 2004.
The thing that I am going to write about is Hike & fly.
I used to be a good endurance athlete back when i was 18 years old, however those days are over, now i consider myself as a strength athlete and endurance is just not my thing. But I have made a decision and this is going to change. The number one reason is Hike & Fly. This weekend me and Pero did our first hike and fly and it was AWESOME.
This was the main reason paragliding got invented, the only way you could say you traveled with zero fuel is Hike and fly or Vol Biv (but that's another story). Everywhere in the world the number of people who are buying hike & fly equipment is seriously increasing. So why shouldn't I do hike & fly and be an adventure athlete here, with all the mountains and natures, OK i don't have lightweight equipment, mine weighs around 15 kg, but that is not big enough reason for me to stop.
I need a change, I want to be an adventure athlete. I love the sport of paragliding and I don't think anything can beat our sport (don't get me wrong, i have respect for every sports) but paragliding.. nothing compares with having a sneak peak at the birds world.
Now back to the point. This weekend me and Pero did our first hike & fly. It was done in Skopje, Macedonia on the local hill, Vodno 1000m ASL. We had serious fog in the morning but the forecast was indicating a change of wind direction as well as stronger wind from the N after 1 pm (which is good). We started the hike at 10:30 in the fog, with a small dose of doubt but determined to go all the way with this.
We climbed over the fog about 200 m from the summit and things started working for us. It took us 2h to the top and the conditions couldn't be better. The fog cleared, the wind was 4m/s from the North, the excitement and the proud felt of making the decision to go all the way with our plan on a day like this was very high I must say. We took off and it was the most enjoyable winter flight ever.
Blue Skies and Happy Landings.


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2 min summaryWhen to goMap & highlightsThings to doSabahSarawakKalimantanWildlifeFamiliesAdviceResponsible tourismAll our Borneo guides
Map & highlights
All our Borneo guides
Things to see & do in Kalimantan
Kalimantan is Indonesian Borneo. The same size as Botswana, it is most famous for its rainforests and resident orangutans. With coastal cities, floating villages and incredible national parks, Kalimantan is hot right now. In fact, its name translates from the Sanksrit as Burning Weather Island. There are also burning issues of rainforest and wildlife conservation but responsible tourism and grassroots organisations are having a dramatic impact in turning these around.
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BORNEO'S BEAUTIFUL BURNING SECRET
For such an unknown part of the world when it comes to tourism, it is important to put Kalimantan up on its rightful pedestal. This is the Indonesian part of Borneo and makes up two thirds of the island. It is 580,000km2 – the same size as Botswana. It is way up there in terms of beauty as well as in wildlife, so it really is time to welcome Kalimantan onto the world stage.
Kalimantan is divided into East, South, West and Central, and the majority of its 12 million inhabitants live in the regional capitals which tend to be around the coast. The largest city in Kalimantan is Banjarmasin in the south, which is famous for its magnificent floating market and villages due to the fact that it is an island at the confluence of the Barito and Martapura Rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "The City of a Thousand Rivers".
If you'd like to chat about Borneo or need help finding a holiday to suit you we're very happy to help.
Rosy & team.
rosy@responsibletravel.com
Wildlife & wilderness
Most people come to Kalimantan for the rivers, waterways and rainforests, and these are slowly but surely opening up to tourism. Most Kalimantan holidays start out in Pangkalan Bun, the administrative centre and also home to its airport. It is also the gateway to one of the region's most iconic places when it comes to wildlife: Camp Leakey. A conservation centre built in 1971 by pioneering Lithuanian anthropologist and primatologist Dr. Biruté Galdikas, who is considered the world's leading expert on orangutans, the reigning monarchs of these vast jungles.
Accessible by traditional 'klotok' houseboast along the Sekonyer River, and part of Tanjung Puting National Park, Camp Leakey is an extraordinary place to start your day. And finish it too because, after trekking through the surrounding jungle with an expert local guide in search of orangutans, proboscis monkeys, gibbons, wild pigs and many different birds, you can return to the camp for feeding time of their semi habituated residents. Another such camp exists at Pondok Tangguy where tour operators also organise wild camping in the jungle for a serious Kalimantan cool.
Conservation & care
The name' Kalimantan' comes from the Sanskrit Kalamanthana which means "burning weather island", which pretty much sums up its tropical climate. Sadly, the burning of rainforest has also been an issue in Kalimantan as local people slash and burn the forest in order to, for example, grow grass which attracts the wild deer or pigs for pasture, and which are then hunted down. Organisations such as the Lamandau River Wildlife Reserve, also in Central Kalimantan, have worked tirelessly with local communities to teach them other ways of making a living, and wildlife tourism is one of these ways.
Lamandau Reserve is home to at least 700 orangutans, with camps such as Pangkalan Bun and Camp Bulu where they are monitored, treated and cared for if injured or orphaned and then hopefully released back out into the wild. The reserve has also been responsible for replanting 'ubar' trees in the forest, following a serious fire in 2015. These are top habitats for orangutans that eat their leaves and fruit and so reforestation is a major part of the work undertaken by such charities.
East Kamlimantan
East Kalimantan is also open to visitors, with trekking and orangutan tracking taking place in Kutai National Park, although these usually take place on fixed date expeditions, organised in partnership with the park as part of a fundraising initiative to aid conservation. Kutai is a coastal park, with low lying rainforest, mangrove swamps and plains which then lead to deeper jungle inland. Home to not only the much loved orangutan, you have chances to spot the proboscis monkey, macaques, sun bears, freshwater dolphins, pangolin anteaters, crocodiles and even the clouded leopard, as well as the most stunning birdlife. Stay in a national park camp or ecolodge, and be led through these remote, pristine landscapes by expert naturalists.
Even more accessible in East Kalimantan, and just an hour from Balikipapan city is Samboja Lestari, a restored area of rainforest saved by the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS). At over 20 sq km, this is a safe zone for rehabilitated orangutans and a place that works hand in hand with the local community, with the creation of forest schools as well as employment opportunities. Tourists can stay at an ecolodge here and have the chance to watch experts work closely with orangutans, as well as other endangered species such as sun bears. You can read more about wildlife in Borneo here, to give you an idea of just how important it is to keep this incredible region up there on its pedestal. High up there, in fact, in the canopies of some of the most magnificent rainforests in the world.
Photo credits: [Top box: Budi Nusyirwan] [Orangutan, Camp Leakey: Alistair Kitchen] [Conservation and care - deforestation: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade] [Sun bear: David Lochlin]
Written by Catherine Mack
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Tanjung Puting orangutan holiday, Borneo
Orangutan Adventure Holiday, Tanjung Puting, Borneo
From £1350 7 Days ex flights
Kalimantan tour, hidden Borneo
Rugged jungle, enchanting wildlife and intriguing tribes
Kutai National Park orangutan holiday, Borneo
Orangutan & wildlife adventure in East Borneo
From AU $2390 8 Days ex flights
Borneo diving holiday in Kalimantan
East Borneo dive safari
Orangutan expedition in Central Borneo
Orangutan and Dayak culture adventure in Central Borneo
Orangutan conservation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Work with orangutans & sun bears in stunning East Kalimantan
From £895 8 Days ex flights
Photo credits: [Page banner: Stephen Kennedy]


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Medical Marijuana Has Potential As Alzheimer's Treatment, Study Says
As the baby boom generation begins to reach age 65 and beyond, the number of people with Alzheimer's disease is escalating rapidly. This debilitating condition causes deterioration of thinking skills and memory, leading to the
The nomad tribe known as the Yamnaya, who were among the founders of the European civilization, may have been the first pot dealers, archaeologists say. Moreover, they were responsible for the first transcontinental trade
North American Cannabis Holdings, Inc. (USMJ) today announced its $2 million AmeriCanna Cafe 12-month revenue rollout plan targeting multi-brand quick-serve restaurant operators. In a first step toward developing a cannabis themed restaurant for the health
When States Legalize Medical Marijuana, People Use Fewer Prescription Painkillers
States that legalized marijuana as a medical alternative saw a drop in prescription drug use, according to a new study published in July in Health Affairs — suggesting that medical marijuana may be one


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LAPD Detective Charged with Making Bathroom Videos at Angel Stadium
By Eric Leonard	• Published at 1:52 pm on July 5, 2019
An off-duty LAPD detective has been charged with dozens of criminal charges after he was allegedly spotted trying to secretly record men using the restroom at Angel Stadium in Anaheim.
The Anaheim City Attorney's Office said Friday it filed 37 misdemeanor counts of peeping with intent to invade privacy and 37 counts secretly videotaping in a restroom against Ryan Caplette, 42. He was also charged with a single count of loitering.
Anaheim Police said a search warrant was obtained for a video recording device and the images of 37 men were recorded in Anaheim. "Additional crimes which occurred in Los Angeles have been referred to the Los Angeles Police Department for investigation," a spokesman said.
Caplette, who works as a detective at the LAPD's Employee Relations Group, was detained by a citizen during an Angel's game June 8 and was issued a citation, police said. Caplette was assigned to home while the incident is investigated, an LAPD spokesperson said. Caplette also served as one of the departments peer support officers with experience in "Christianity struggles."
LAPD records show he was hired in 2008.
The department declined to comment on his involvement with Big Brothers Big Sisters Los Angeles, which recognized Caplette at an awards banquet in 2017, according to photos from the event posted online. The group said it was aware of the allegations but declined to answer questions about the incident.
The LA Police Protective League, the officers' union, said the allegations were, if true, deeply disgusting. "Police officers are entrusted to protect the public, not exploit them. There is no room in law enforcement for anyone who violates that trust."
Caplette could not be reached for comment at his home, and officials did not know if he had hired an attorney.
Copyright CNS - City News Service


KARACHI (Public News) Finance Minister Asad Umar said that in eight months the loss has stopped the loss. The price of IMF was unchanged. The main reasons for the withdrawal of dollar dollars are speculation. The deficit declined by 72 percent. With timely measures, reduced trade account account deficit.
Asad Omar said Pakistan is anonymity of $ 300 to $ 350 billion and the world is more than 70 trillion acronomies, as long as we do not learn to walk with global acne. We can not afford to take Pakistan where we want to take Pakistan.
The Finance Minister said that the IMF did not talk with the exchange rate, we have to move our laws to the best practices in the world and we have to get out of governmental thinking. Pakistan stock market is giving less results than its potential in the development of savings. Market is more than needed, and the volume of Pakistani economy is not giving the goals of economic growth.


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When an outspoken senator is found dead, there isn't enough evidence to point to the senator's death as a suicide, as everyone thinks. There is something just too perfect about the life of Frances "Frankie" McGuire - mother, Irish Catholic congresswoman from Boston, and powerful pro-life senator.
Sergeant Fiona Fitzgerald, daughter of a Senator, takes nothing at face value, especially when politics are involved. Everyone in Washington has a secret, and the senator's personal world turns out to be much more complicated than anyone ever knew. A pregnancy, an estranged husband, a mistress, and the fragility of life - both wanted and unwanted - collide, leaving Fiona to sort out the consequences of the messy case. Fiona faces the issues of abortion and women's rights just as she is contemplating her own pregnancy, with or without a steady man in her life.
I received a free copy of this audio book in exchange for an honest review.
This was an alright book. It wasn't as good as previous books in the series, but characterization was good and Fiona was interesting. The case was good, and deals with suicide and abortion. It deals with it in a natural manner, making it easy to understand both sides of the argument concerning these issues.


Note: I'm not going to review the Yelp app officially just yet because I feel that many new updates will be coming to this app in the near future. This is more of an informative news article/brief review.
Today the Yelp app was released to Android. If you're like me, you've been waiting for this app for quite awhile now. I like writing reviews for Yelp and I also almost never go anywhere without first reading up on other peoples' experiences with a restaurant, business, etc. For this reason I am very pleased with this new addition to my Android phone.
The main page of the app allows you to view nearby listings for the main categories like restaurants, bars, etc. This is great for a quick find. If you select a category, you can see a list of all the nearby businesses listed with their name, rating, address, distance, and price range. Furthermore, a very useful feature from this page is the Map button. With this, the Yelp app will show you your GPS location and also the locations of all businesses around you in the category you selected. This is great if you don't feel like traveling too far for what you want.
When you select a particular business, you get expanded results building off of what you see in the previous page. Here you can read individual reviews, instantly map the location to get directions, or hit the Call button to quickly get in contact with the location.
Lastly, the Yelp app saves a history of what you have searched for and clicked on. This is a convenient feature so that you can return to previous searches you may have been considering but hadn't decided upon yet.
The reason I did not assign this app a review score yet is that it's brand new and I feel like Yelp will be adding a lot more functionality to this app very soon. Right now you can only search for and read reviews. You can not write reviews from your Android phone, submit photos, or any of the other truly interactive options you'd expect from this app. The reason I am confident these will be added is because that's what Android and having a smart phone is all about. If I just had an amazing meal at a new restaurant or extremely friendly customer service at a business location, I am much more likely to write a rave review right after the experience than when I get home. The Yelp app (and Yelp itself) will see more reviews and activity if it makes these features available.
All in all, I enjoy reading Yelp reviews and using it to make informed decisions. Because of this, the app is a great addition to Android. Test it out and see what you think.
Scan with Barcode Scanner for direct link to Yelp in the Android Market.


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MPSA Menu
Find A Pass
Master Map
Free State (39)
KwaZulu Natal (81)
Limpopo (33)
Mpumalanga (75)
Extreme Passes
Ben 10 Eco Challenge
South African Campsites
South African History
Free website tour
MPSA Subscribers' Portal
Shop & Tours
Submit a Pass
Mountain Pass Talks
Keays Pass (4x4)
This one is not for the faint-hearted. It is essentially a very rough 4x4 track, often not even visible - involving scouting ahead on foot at times. There are 15 stream crossings and a climb through a neck towards the northern side involving gradients of 1:3! The pass is basically a northern extension of Rogers Pass and is used by local farmers to manage their fire-breaks. It is also a dead end at its northern side and the only way to head east or west from the end of the pass is on foot. For those willing to take the risks of driving this very remote pass, you will be rewarded with absolute isolation and some of the best scenery the Drakensberg has on offer.
Read more: Keays Pass (4x4)
Kempslust Pass (P40)
Both this pass and the mining village situated at its northern end were named after a large farm which sprawls across the hills and valleys in this remote part of northern KwaZulu-Natal. The road is in a good condition and can be driven in most vehicles, although difficulties could arise in wet weather. Located in the middle of a triangle formed by the towns of Wakkerstroom, Utrecht and Paulpietersburg, this is one of those passes that you would be unlikely to find or traverse unless you actively look for it, or you have some other reason to be in the area. It has a classic up-and-down profile, gaining 222 metres in height over a distance of nearly 6 kilometres.
Read more: Kempslust Pass (P40)
Khyber Pass (D293)
The name of this pass is no doubt a tongue-in-cheek reference to the famous Khyber Pass which connects Afghanistan and Pakistan in Central Asia. The pass descends from the upper ridges of the mountains near Curry's Post down into the Karkloof Valley, and is located on a public road designated as the D293. As it is used primarily for logging operations, the condition of the road can vary greatly, especially after heavy rain. Under normal circumstances, the pass can be traversed in any vehicle, but it would be wise to check with the locals before attempting this route. Avoid it completely in wet weather.
Read more: Khyber Pass (D293)
Kingscote Cutting (R617)
The Kingscote Cutting is an impressive example of road engineering where the hills have been carved into to make a safe and more level driving surface. It's named after the nearby Kingscote farm and lasts for 4,3 km descending a total of 260 vertical metres, producing an average gradient of 1:17. It's located on the tarred R617 route between Kokstad and Underberg with sublime views of the Drakensberg for most of the distance.
Read more: Kingscote Cutting (R617)
Knight's Pass (P40)
Many of the historical documents relating to the Utrecht area in KwaZulu-Natal make mention of a Knight's Hill located to the east of the town, with a property called Knight's Farm situated on its summit. Although the appropriate links have been difficult to establish, it is very likely that this farm belonged to either Humphrey Evans Knight or his son, Marthinus Mortimer Knight, and that this is the origin of the name of the pass. The gravelled road, like many of the backroads in KZN, is well maintained and is in a fairly good condition. It can be driven in any vehicle in good weather, although a 4x4 might be required after heavy rain.
Read more: Knight's Pass (P40)
Koffiekloof Pass (D264)
Koffiekloof Pass is one of those official but technically insignificant passes that you would barely notice unless you know exactly where it is, and is hardly worth going out of your way for unless you intend to tick the pass off a list. It is highly unlikely that coffee was ever grown here, so the name is probably derived from the likelihood that this location was used as a stop-over or break area during treks. The gravel road is in an excellent condition and can be driven in any vehicle, and few hazards other than the probability of farm animals in the road are likely to present themselves. The scenery is however lovely and its proximity to the Chelmsford Dam means you will probably see game and birdlife.
Read more: Koffiekloof Pass (D264)
Kwaggasnek (P213)
Kwaggasnek is a short and straightforward gravel pass which straddles the border between the Free State and KwaZulu-Natal near Volksrust. It would usually be driven in conjunction with Majubanek, a much bigger pass located to the north-east on the same route. The road is not in a particularly good condition, but can be traversed in any vehicle, provided that the weather allows. The pass is probably named after the now-extinct Quagga, which once roamed these hills in vast herds, but the name could also refer to the Burchell's Zebra which is sometimes called a Kwagga in Afrikaans.
Read more: Kwaggasnek (P213)
Lancers Nek (N11)
This insignificant little climb up a small hill with three slight changes in direction is an officially recognized pass on government maps, despite the fact that it does not meet any of the defined requirements of a true mountain pass. This area is, of course, rich in battlefields history and most of the hills, ridges and mountains around the town of Ladysmith have a military connotation - in this case, we have Rifleman's Ridge forming the northern part of the neck, whilst a small peak called Lancer's Peak [1202m] is the highest point of a series of hills forming the southern part of the neck.
Read more: Lancers Nek (N11)
Lang's Nek (N11)
Lang's Nek was named after William Timothy Lang, who bought a farm located to the north and east of Mount Majuba in Northern Natal in 1874. This is extremely well documented and cannot be disputed, but for the last 130 years, the pass itself, the road, the railway and the battlefield have all been erroneously spelled as "Laing's Nek". How this occurred is a mystery – perhaps a battlefield reporter or a cartographer made a careless mistake, and this has somehow been brought forward in perpetuity. Early maps of the region all have the correct spelling. The road is in an excellent condition and can be driven in any vehicle.
Read more: Lang's Nek (N11)
Leeunek
This steep, tarred pass has the classic low-high-low profile rising 262m over 6 km producing an average gradient of 1:23, but many parts of this pass are at a stiff 1:7. The road, which has a summit altitude of 1351m ASL, connects Vryheid with the Black Umfolozi Valley. The pass is a mix of tar and gravel with all of the western ascent being tarred and most of the eastern descent, being gravel, except for three short tarred sections on the steepest sections most prone to water damage. The name Leeunek translates into Lions Neck.
Read more: Leeunek
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NARRATIVE REVIEW [Download PDF]
Medical simulation: A virtual world at your doorstep
SN Oak
Vice-Chancellor, DY Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Dr. S N Oak
Vice-Chancellor, DY Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
Medical simulation has come a long way in Western health care; however, in developing world, health education sectors have not adequately addressed its significance and role in preparing and updating heath care personnel. Validification, standardization, paucity of trainers, deficiency of a structured syllabus, and cost of equipments need to be overcome in the next decade. Despite these problems, worldwide acceptance of the concept of medical simulation is growing. It is undoubtedly the wave of future. Multidisciplinary, interprofessional, and multimodal simulation training is possible. Virtual worlds are increasing the vistas of training, making the actual health care dispensing more skilled and safe.
Oak S N. Medical simulation: A virtual world at your doorstep.J Postgrad Med 2014;60:171-174
Oak S N. Medical simulation: A virtual world at your doorstep. J Postgrad Med [serial online] 2014 [cited 2023 Jan 31 ];60:171-174
Available from: https://www.jpgmonline.com/text.asp?2014/60/2/171/132332
Simulation means "an imitation of some real thing, state of affairs or a process" for the purpose of solving a problem and making a judgment. [1] Warfare technology and aviation industry have made rapid strides in simulation and are the true proponents of this virtual world. [2] In developing world, we find applications of simulation in health care far and few. There is a need to establish dedicated simulation centers to support a cluster of medical schools, where undergraduates as well as postgraduates can learn diagnostics as well as invasive therapeutics without compromising the safety of a real patient.
Emerging Need
With evolution of the 21 st century, the lacunae in health care industry are obvious. There is shortage of health care personnel at all levels-doctors, nurses, technicians, and trained paramedics. Teaching programs at various levels are handicapped due to severe shortage of trainers. [3] Unfilled faculty positions are a serious threat leaving the educational institutes short staffed and under a constant peril of being derecognized by the regulatory council. Governments will continue to claim paucity of funds to cure the malady. Consequently, the ward-based training where "each one, teach one, and do one" principle was the gold standard of health care has suffered. Students providing care to the real patients under direct supervision of experienced, skilled senior faculty in a university as per the council certified accredited program, though the best way to learn, may not remain sustainable in the years to come. Moreover with the growth of insurance in health care sector, patients may no more be viewed as "Teaching Material" in hospitals [3] and then learning the skills of invasive procedures like, venous access, chest tube insertion, and tracheotomy may become increasingly difficult. Hence, the need of a dedicated medical simulation center where various aspects of health care-trauma, A and E, BLS/ALS techniques, anesthesia and cardiopulmonary interactions, cardiac catheterization techniques, minimal invasive surgical techniques, endoscopy techniques, gynecological interventions, and ultrasound imaging of human body-are becoming more than obvious.
Evolution and Advancement
Medical simulation evolved during the 1900s from a simple apprenticeship to learn the correct scientific principles and eventually necessitated quantifiable measures of competence in the domains of knowledge, skills, and professional conduct. Innovations in flight simulation, resuscitation technology, and advancement of quality medical grade plastics were essential milestones in its progress. [2] Computers facilitated the mathematical computations and the virtual reality made skills acquisition possible.
Surrogacy is the fundamental basic of medical simulation. In medical simulation, an acceptable substitute is used in place of a real patient. Educational surrogate can never be identical and exactly replicable to a real human patient, but the approximation of the reality is aimed at producing the desired educational impact. The ultimate effectiveness of simulation training is judged by how well the students have acquired the desired skills. [3] Current medical simulation can be classified into five categories according to a scheme proposed by pioneer David Gaba. [1] These five designates are verbal, standardized patients (SPs), part task trainers, computer patient, and electronic patient.
Verbal simulation is simply role playing. SPs are trained actors used to participate in assessment of history taking, physical examination skills, communications skills, and approach of the care giver. In developing world, SPs may be a financially untenable option; moreover, barriers of language, ethical, and customs issues will also make the application of this modality difficult. Part task trainers are simple anatomical models of body parts either in their normal or in pathological state representing a disease. The adoption of minimal invasive surgery gave a major boost to the development of part task trainers and this was also followed by ophthalmology, orthopedics, vascular interventional procedures, and endoscopy (bronchoscopy, upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy). Computer patients are interactive and are software based or an internet-based component of virtual world. Electronic patient now takes care of anesthesia modalities, drug domains, and even makes team-oriented simulation training possible. Various scenarios can be created by the instructor and the responses by the trainee can be assessed and quantified. Human patient simulation (HPS) should now become a part of undergraduate as well as postgraduate medical education. HPS replaces animal exercises and demonstrates human physiology at different scenarios. [4]
Virtual reality products project images, vibration, sound, smell, and even wind to deliver different clinical experiences. Three-dimensional photorealism has made possible a simulated vision with a separate view for each eye and evolution of haptic interface devices have enabled the students to get the "feel" of what they are doing or to what organ they are touching within the human body. Medical simulation today can give the learner an idea of proprioception, tactility, and even of the force that he is applying during a procedure. [3] The greatest advantage of virtual reality is the ability to try and fail without harming the actual patient. "It is only through failure that the true pathway to success lies." [5]
Advantages of Simulation Training
Medical simulation can never be considered as a substitute to actual ward-based clinical real patient interaction training. Conventional training is the best, as far as learning communication, bed side manners, physical examination, and history taking is concerned. Medical simulation laboratory primes a student forward rounds and patient assessment. Every student must spend designated hours and undergo a structured syllabus course under the supervision of an instructor before he/she steps in a clinical ward. Invasive procedures must be first practiced on mannequins to acquire an acceptable degree of skills and proficiency before embarking upon a human patient. The simulation thus greatly enhances patient safety and autonomy of the patient is respected. [Figure 1], [Figure 2] [Figure 3] and [Figure 4] represent typical simulation labs.{Figure 1}{Figure 2}{Figure 3}{Figure 4}
Simulation laboratory enables the students to learn and acquire the new skills in relatively shorter time. Students can repeat a set of actions and exercises as many times as they want. Moreover, the self-training module can help them to perfect their skills at hours and pace convenient to them and at times even in the absence of an instructor. In the absence of such a laboratory, specific educational experiences may take several weeks or months to accumulate in a clinic. Once simulation has produced mastery of fundamental skills, it can expose the students to different levels of difficulties, abnormalities and other problems. The system can inject variations which compel the students to think and modify their treatment plans. Learning is evidence-based and the simulator laboratory, thus provides a learner centric and yet teacher-enabled environment. The repeat attempts of the performance by the learner are mapped and the student can see for himself the progressive improvement that he is making. This is a morale booster. Debriefing is a very vital component of the course and this promotes the culture of trust and openness in learning. Adverse events reporting increases as there is no fear of a blame game. Silence is sinister and denial of a mistake in medicine is a sin and simulation helps to break these unhealthy practices.
Another significant advantage of medical simulation is its applicability across the health professions. One can tailor the course contents and the syllabus for nurses, technicians, and paramedics. They then can be trained to work as a team. Telemedicine can be incorporated to facilitate distant learning and preceptor concept in health care dispensing.
A real-time feedback enables the learner to understand where he went wrong and simulator can also give valid useful suggestions. Quantification of the performance and time taken to achieve the desired result can be monitored and this works like a corrective tutorial improving the student's thought process and clinical skills. Virtual systems can also evaluate learner's response to a hazardous condition that would not be allowed in learning environment with real human patient, for example, explosion of a hazardous gas.
Limitations and Critical Review of Medical Simulation
At the beginning of the 21 st century, there was considerable interest in reforming the health care teaching and delivery and it was felt that the medical simulation would change the competency, skills, and behaviors of medical personnel. This initial excitement turned into a "tempest in a teapot." [6] Cost of the simulator equipment is high and that makes its widespread applicability difficult. Hospital administrators and health care planners give a lukewarm response to simulation when it comes to budgetary allocations. Training continues to play a second fiddle to the inexorable demands for clinical service. Simulator training helps to improve invasive skills, but behavioral modifications are inconspicuous. Professional societies, specialty boards, accrediting bodies, and regulatory councils have failed to act and have considered this exercise and facility as superfluous and extravagant. Mandatory programs of simulation training have been opposed by existing practitioners and also surprisingly by hospitals. There have also been court malpractice cases in Western world, where simulation training center has been blamed for inadequate exposure and a pseudo-confidence booster to a medical practitioner who subsequently commits a clinical error.
Every scientific advance goes through phases of suspicion, ridicule, blind acceptance, iatrogenic complications, and then a plateaued prudent inclusion at a level, where it deserves to be in. Medical simulation is a supplement, not a substitute to the age-old training methods. It prepares a student to make the bed side assessment and experience more meaningful and effective.
Future of Medical Simulation
In developing world, simulation deserves to have a strong future in health care. It will help to fill up the worrisome gap between declining number of medical teachers and growing need of students. Computer-based technologies are evolving with astounding rapidity and finding their presence felt even at remote places in developing world. The needs of medical training will get converted in demands and this will drive the market to evolve supply of simulation technology in medical schools and hospitals. [6] Regulatory councils will include the simulation laboratory work as a mandatory component of undergraduate as well as postgraduate years and all these efforts will make health care dispensing safer, effective, and efficient.
Medical simulation has come a long way and yet there are major barriers in its widespread applicability in health education. Validity issues, cost of equipment, availability of trainers, and acceptance of a structured syllabus-based course-programs are some of the critically important aspects of simulation in developing world. Virtual world is at our door steps! It is up to us to allow it to enter to make our real world safer and meaningful.
1 Rosen KR. The history of medical simulation. J Crit Care 2008;23:157-66.
2 Simulation, Wikipedia Web Site: Available from: http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation;2007. [Last accessed on 2013 Apr 14].
3 Jeffrey BC. The future of medical simulations: New foundations for education and clinical practice. Bon Secours Health Systems, Inc. Technology Early Warning System- White Paper; 2006.
4 Satava RM. Accomplishments and challenges of surgical simulaton. Surg Endosc 2001;15:232-41.
5 Zvara DA, Olympio MA, MacGregor DA. Teaching cardiovascular physiology using patient simulation. Acad Med 2001;76:534.
6 Gaba DM. The future vision of simulation in health care. Qual Saf Health Care 2004;13 Suppl 1:i2-10.
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The American Chamber of Commerce in Ukraine was delighted to welcome Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur, who represents Ohio's Ninth Congressional District and is currently serving her seventeenth term in the U.S. House of Representatives. Congresswoman Kaptur is a co-founder and co-chair of the Congressional Ukraine Caucus and the longest-serving woman from the State of Ohio in history. Being passionate about Ukraine and having a great desire to empower Ukrainian women farmers, Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur presented her project, entitled Seeds of Hope, during the roundtable discussion on market needs for locally grown products with the Chamber business community. Seeds of Hope is aimed at shining a light on Ukrainian women, particularly rural women who produce most food that is consumed domestically. "I know the power of these women...they feed this country and I want them to have a chance to promote their products to international markets", said the Congresswoman.
During the joint reception with the U.S.-Ukraine Business Council, the president of the American Chamber of Commerce in Ukraine, Andy Hunder, presented an award to Marcy Kaptur "For Continuous Commitment to Support Ukraine" on behalf of the Ukrainian business community and expressed gratitude for all the support she has provided to the Ukrainian economy and its people.


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Leucothrix oryx är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Munro 1956. Leucothrix oryx ingår i släktet Leucothrix och familjen borrflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Borrflugor
oryx


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Math class hosts Probability Fair, plays games
Senior Brianna Del Rio hands a student his prize for winning a game at the Probability Fair.
Defne Onal managing editor
Emma Newman co-editor-in-chief
Candice Anvari co-editor-in-chief
Ava Spina staff writer
Students in the probability/statistics classes presented projects for the Probability Fair outside the Science Building from April 4 through April 6.
Students created games for the fair as a class project and gave out treats, which included candy, stuffed animals and chocolate as incentives for attendees to play. Students that were not a part of the class received game tickets from probability/statistics teacher Joshua Glass.
"The only qualifications are that it has to be a game of pure chance, so there's no skill involved, and the probability has to be complicated enough that it fits the level of our class, so it's not just picking a name out of a hat. It's gotta be more complex than that," Glass said.
Seniors Sienna Wolfe and Lucas Stimmel made a sports pyramid called "Championship Round" for the fair.
"Each sport was a different level made up of different teams, and there were six on the bottom, five on the top, and then it went up to three teams. There were Q tips behind every sports team and behind the sports teams was a trophy," Wolfe said. "Part of the game was to guess which team you thought had the trophy behind it, and you would guess at random, and if you've got it correct, you moved on to the next round to see if you can get to all five rounds, and each round had a different prize associated with it."
Click on the video below to see how students engaged in the Probability Fair.
Seniors Naomi Mayzels and Taylor Fuchs incorporated music into their project because they felt as though it was a popular topic.
"It was regarding music and what me and my partner did is we made a poster with five artists on it, and we had the game players pick an artist, and then we had three different playlists. You win if you shuffle the playlist and if you land on the artist that you chose, you get a piece of candy," Fuchs said.
Glass enjoyed hosting the fair, and he believes both his students and attendees did as well.
"The kids have been really prepared and had really, really great energy, which goes a long way in terms of making it exciting," Glass said.
He especially enjoyed it because it was the first time he threw an in-person probability fair in two years.
"It seems to be going pretty good so far," Glass said. "You can see some of the things that they built. They got pretty creative. I think everyone's really excited to be able to be in person and have all this excitement again. I think we missed that."
Click on the arrows below to view the students' projects.
Senior Ramtin Abayahoudaian pops balloons to win a prize at the Pop For A Pop stand at the Probability Fair.
Seniors Talia Sarraf and Milo Lojdl present their Pop For A Pop project to attendees.
Senior Brianna Del Rio hands out lollipops and stuffed animals to students who win the Avengers card game.
Seniors Abel Nguyen and Pema Benjamin reorganize their cups and tennis balls after students and staff play their game.
The security guards also attended the Probability Fair alongside students and engaged in the games.
Seniors Isaac Colendres and Sean Lee set up their stand. Lee and Colendres allowed students to throw a water balloon at Colendres as the prize for winning their game.
Probability Fair
Theater teacher retires after 38 years of teaching
New English teacher finds her way to fit in with school


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Q: web-scraping multiprocessing doesn't work I'm trying to use web-scraping on large number of urls and I apply the multiprocessing to speed up but don't know why it cannot speed up at all. Here is part of my code:
def scrape(url,output_path):
    page = urlopen(URL)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(page, 'html.parser')
    item_text = soup.select('#scatter6001 script')[0].text
    table = soup.find_all('table',{'class':'noborder dark'})
    df1 = pd.read_html(str(table),header = 0)
    df1 = pd.DataFrame(df1[0])
    ...
# function for scraping the data from url

rootPath = '...'
urlp1 = "https://www.proteinatlas.org/"

try:
    df1 = pd.read_csv(rootPath + "cancer_list1_2(1).csv", header=0);
except Exception as e:
    print("File " + f + " doesn't exist")
    print(str(e))
    sys.exit()

cancer_list = df1.as_matrix().tolist()

URLs = []
for cancer in cancer_list:

    urlp2 = "/pathology/tissue/" + cancer[1]
    f = cancer[0]

    try:
        df1 = pd.read_csv(rootPath + f + ".csv", header=0);
    except Exception as e:
        print("File " + f + " doesn't exist")
        print(str(e))
        sys.exit()
    ...
# list of URLs

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=6)
    records = p.map(scrape(url,output_path))

    p.terminate()
    p.join()

Not sure how to speed up the web-scraping using multiprocessing.

A: You're not actually using multiprocessing. You're running the scrape function once and passing the result as an argument to p.map(). Instead, you need to pass a callable taking one argument, for example:
func = lambda url: scrape(url, output_path)
p.map(func, list_of_urls)


ARE THERE ANY GUIDELINES FOR WHAT I CAN/ CAN'T BUILD?
Yes. A large point of difference for Everleigh is the focus on quality homes. The Everleigh Residential Design Standards & Guidelines have been prepared to assist purchasers (and their builders/ designers) to construct well designed, quality homes. The standards and guidelines are intended to help you add value to your home and protect your investment by creating an attractive streetscape.
Yes. You're welcome to partner with the builder of your choice to design your dream home, in accordance with the Everleigh Residential Design Standards & Guidelines.
WHAT DOES MY BUILDER NEED TO KNOW?
The Building at Everleigh Portal is a platform for you and your builder to find all the relevant information required to build on your block of land. We encourage you and your builder to familiarise yourselves with this resource.
WHAT IS A COVENANT BOND AND WHEN DO I PAY IT?
The purpose of a covenant bond is to ensure the homes built at Everleigh are delivered in accordance with the plans submitted and approved by Mirvac. At Everleigh, this is a one-off payment of $1,000, payable when you submit your house and landscaping plans for approval. When your have finished building your home and your landscaping is complete, you will book in a covenant inspection. When the inspection is passed, your $1,000 bond will be refunded to you.
WHEN CAN I START BUILDING MY HOUSE?
HOW LONG DO I HAVE TO START BUILDING AFTER SETTLEMENT?
You have 12 months from the date of settlement to commence building your home. Once you have started construction, you have a further 12 months to finish building and landscaping.
HOW DO I SPLIT THE COST OF FENCES WITH MY ADJOINING NEIGHBOURS?
You will need to coordinate with your adjoining neighbours to arrange the side a rear fencing to your block. Due to privacy reasons, we can't give out your neighbours details directly. We can however send an email on your behalf to the surrounding owners requesting they get in touch to coordinate fencing arrangements. Please contact the Everleigh Settlements Team with your best contact details and the lots you wish to get in touch with.
No. All land lots at Everleigh are freehold, bringing the cost of living down for you and your family.
There are a number of shopping options within close proximity to Everleigh. Visit our Amenity page for a list of nearby shops.
At Everleigh your family can take advantage of a range of childcare, early learning and public & private schools. Visit our Amenity page for a list of schools int eh surrounding area.
Take advantage of the Queensland Government's First Home Owners' Grant at Everleigh. Not only will eligible first home buyers receive the grant, they will also receive existing stamp duty concessions so now has never been a better time to build your dream home.
Find out more about the Qld First Home Owners Grant and eligibility here.