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Insight into the Spanish property market, guides to help you make informed decisions, and a directory of real estate professionals and home service providers from a source you can trust.
This is a website for buyers, owners, and sellers of property in Spain, offering reliable information and resources to help you get things done with confidence. It is run by Mark Stücklin, author of the Spanish Property Doctor Column in The Sunday Times (2005-2008), and the book 'Need to Know: Buying Property in Spain' published by Collins.
When you buy or sell property in Spain the sums of money are large, perhaps one of the biggest financial decisions of your life. The high transaction costs you will face like taxes and commissions only make the decision more important to get right. And when you own property in Spain you face a host of extra challenges to manage, and costs to control. Unfortunately, the Spanish property market is opaque and full of pitfalls, and notoriously unprofessional. Buying and selling property in Spain is not a decision to be taken lightly, and you may find it much easier to buy than sell if you don't take care. In this market it is crucial to do your own research, and don't rely exclusively on people who are trying to sell you something – let's just say they might not have your best interests at heart. Spanish Property Insight is the only independent source of information and analysis of the Spanish property market. Don't even think about buying or selling property in Spain without subscribing to Spanish Property Insight.
Spanish Property Market
Foreign demand recovers some lost ground in the third quarter of 2020
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HOME SALES IN OCTOBER 2020: Post-lockdown bounce wears off
Brexit 90-day limit will hit British demand
Posted on December 5, 2020 | by Mark Stücklin
Posted in Spanish Property Market | Tagged Brexit, British demand, Foreign demand, Notaries
When the Brexit transition period ends at the end of the year, UK residents won't be able to come and go as they please, which is bound to affect demand for second homes in Spain.
As of the first of January 2021 Britons can only spend 90 days out of every 180 days in the EU without a visa. As the Gov.uk website explains "From 1 January 2021, you will be able to travel to other Schengen area countries for up to 90 days in any 180-day period without a visa for purposes such as tourism. This is a rolling 180-day period."
Many British residents with second homes in Spain like to spend just under half a year here, especially in the winter months. That will no longer be possible. Three months will be the longest you can stay.
I read in the press that Portugal is looking at allowing the British visa-free visits of up to 180 days, but there is no sign that Spain will follow suit.
So, as things stand, British residents will not be able to spend more than three months in Spain in any six month period.
That will reduce the incentive of buying a second home in Spain for many British buyers. It might turn out to be a big disincentive.
You just have to look at the map below from the Association of Spanish Notaries showing foreign non-resident demand per region in the first half of 2020 to see how much damage this could do to the housing market.
Non-resident foreign demand for property in Spain H1 2020 – market share by nationality. Source: Spanish Notaries' Association
The British are the biggest group of foreign buyers of second homes in Andalusia, Murcia, Galicia, and the Valencian region, and second biggest in the Canaries, the Balearics, and three other regions. They are the biggest or second biggest group of buyers in more than half of Spain's regions.
Many of those buyers are people near or in retirement who like or plan to use their second homes for more than three months at a time. Take that benefit away, and it follows that some of them will decide not to go to the hassle and expense of buying a second home in Spain. Better go to Portugal, where the government appears to be looking for a solution to this problem.
We won't have any official data to see the impact until the second quarter of next year, but I fear this 90-day limit will hit British demand in a significant way next year.
Original article edited to make clear that Portugal is only looking at visa-free visits of up to 180 days, if allowed by EU rules.
SPI Member Comments (15)
Thoughts on "Brexit 90-day limit will hit British demand"
aquitaineloyal says:
Its very interesting news that apparently Portugal has "caved in" and is prepared to allow up to 180 days stay there, but I wonder if this is not a breech of EU law ? I think one contributing factor in a future decline of sales to Britons in Spain and elsewhere in the EU is the health cover question. It seems the EHIC health card which was improperly used by many British in EU as effective free health insurance cover will end on 31st December. Thereafter, it seems, on arrival Britons will be asked for proof of adequate private health insurance for visitor and if applicable all family members with him/her together with proof of adequate funds for the whole period worked out at a daily minimum rate of between £70/120 pp depending if owner or renter of property in the country , and , of course, a 99 eur visa pp and return tickets for all.
I have heard prior to Brexit the mouth watering premiums British insurers are now asking just for monthly cover and this took into account the possible contribution towards fees of the EHIC card. Of course cover never included "pre-existing conditions" or being in poor health which before 31st December never needed to be disclosed with EHIC use. Again those elderly or others with poor medical history may be declined cover or even charged more excessively for these long periods. What percentage of Britons currently in southern Europe could afford all the above extra fees & charges ?
I feel that alongside the pretty restrictive 90/180 general EU 3rd part country regulations, the points above, and the need to apply in person, pay 99eur pp and wait patiently (at least for France) at the the sparsely situated Consulates in UK will reduce the market substantially once the information sinks in. According to the comments in the recent Daily Mail articles on this particular subject very few British appear to believe there will be much of a change after 31st December, but I put this down to ignorance and lack of information on the changes.
Ptt says:
Yes the 90 day limit is causing many to sign up to Residence to avoid returning to UK in mid winter. The Spanish like this for taxes on income capital gains and Inheritence Taxes on beneficiaries! Many who come in October or November wan to stay usually till end of March and they are still below 182 days that is the limit for non fiscal residence.. I for one need to exceed 90 days by about another 60. Might be better for Spain to just charge more non resident tax personally would not object to modest charge.. I am signing up for residence to cover myself over winter but will be looking to take advantage of being able to sell CGT free after 3 years as a pensioner if they do not come up with a fair arrangement. Portugal is in Schengen find it .I am already subscribed!difficult to understand how they can allow 180 days without EU permission. Cyprus is the only other winter destination that is not in Schengen. They were supposed to have joined this year but maybe they have had cold feet' – many British retirees there over winter that would be at risk and might cross over to the Turkish north.
Chris M says:
There were over 18 million UK tourists to Spain last year.
We Brits used to travel, work and live in Spain, before there was 'free movement' in the EU, as we do currently in all other non EU countries around the world, it's not a big deal. Unless Spain wants to make it so.
Portugal it seems has smelled the coffee, does Spain really want to see the Brits experiment again with taking their annual holiday spend or holiday home money off to Turkey and elsewhere?
They are an ornery bunch the Brits, they will decamp at the drop of a hat, knowing others will be only to happy to see them, and in some cases suffer them. If they find the 'grass is greener' or should we say the 'sand is softer' elsewhere, am not so sure they could be so easily wooed back. Like I say, they are decidedly ornery.
And does Spain even know what it wants really? The political situation looks unstable to say the least. Do they want to try and apply strict visa and length of stay controls on the British? Looks like Podemos would be happy to have no tourism full stop but… what about everyone else?
Me, I think as in the 1960's – 90's a blind eye will be turned to visa requirements and lengths of stay, much as it has been this past couple of decades, where many tens of thousands of Brits have lived in Spain far beyond the 180 day period, never declaring themselves as resident. It's a fact. It's never openly discussed. But we all know folk who have lived in Spain for years and years barely ever leaving and as simply viewed as non resident.
It's this simple, if Spain doesn't want the British, its not a problem for the British, there's other places to go. If Spain does want the British, it might be an idea to make that clear before too long, give the Brits the wrong impression, it won't be so easily reversed once it becomes established.
But lets see… some people still harp on that the original Brexit vote was so close in 2016, without recognising the massive repudiation of remaining in Europe in the EU Elections in 2019 when a three month old Brexit Party dominated and later that year Boris Johnson won the day.
I voted Remain, but like a very real majority in the UK now, I am real happy to leave, especially with what I have seen in attitudes and approach to the British since 2016, essentially it was really simple, we didn't and never will want to be part of a Federal United States of Europe.
Spain can do as it pleases, in can impose and then try to apply strict visa and residency requirements, lets see if people just ignore them as they have previously, or stay the hell away or if here already then up sticks and leave.
Me, I quite fancy Quinta do Lago on the Algarve, and really nice people those Portuguese. Always happy to see a party of Brits.
But I think this will all settle down soon enough and common sense will prevail. I mean how wants to cheese off 18 million visitors being what…? A quarter of all Spanish tourism?
Few grammatical errors in my post above, I used to be able to edit my occasional posts here, was planning to do that as I put the post live, but I think my gist is there and the odd poor grammar can be overcome.
Andrew3 says:
You are correct in everything (except grammar :). Spain needs the UK for tourism, property, to buy their fresh fruit and veg, to support their military with technology and more. Without the UK input Spain's economy would crumble. Murcia region alone exported 580 million euro of fruit and veg to the UK in 2018.
I also voted remain but once you start to unpick things you begin to realise that the EU regime does not actually benefit anyone other then the elite few, their favourites and their pet policies.
andrewl says:
I can accept many of the points above relating to holidays in Spain, and fully agree the current Spanish government is misguided in approach to foreign retirees compared with Portugal. However Brexit is (for me) also misguided as UK could have been smarter in rejecting parts of EU it did not like (monetary & political union) and stayed in the free trade block, thereby disrupting the status quo, leading Europe.
For Brits wanting to live in Spain in the future there are serious issues, not least health insurance, this alone will make it very expensive, and the number of people retiring (or working) to Spain and other EU countries will drop dramatically unless changes are made from what is now planned. This for me is a sad outcome for all, especially if you are British. But that's the price we are going to pay for not really understanding what the EU is or does, and just believing the anti EU garbage we have been fed for the last 40 years.
Nonsense. The vast majority of British visitors to Spain were much shorter than 90 day stays, and hence will be unaffected by the new 90/180 limit.
And those with over 26,000 euros in the bank or in pension/investment income can move to Spain.
It's really only two main groups that are hit by the restriction:
snowbirds who don't want to do an annual visa, but who normally stay longer than 90 days
those who don't have enough money to qualify for a permanent move
that are affected by the rule.
Far too much is made of it. Far too many Brits, though, seem to just blithely accept this notion that "it'll all be worked out in the end and we'll be able to come and go as we please".
No, no you won't. That's the entire point of freedom of movement; that's what you wanted to stop when it comes to EU citizens moving in/out of the UK, and the flip side is that it'll hit you as well.
It will have very little effect. If the house is a holiday home people will continue to use it at holiday times and most holidays don't last for more than a month. If people are living in Spain they will get their visa or residency sorted. The power of the sun, sea and sand will overcome any hurdles – just look out of your window in the UK now to understand why!
❝I read in the press that Portugal has decided to allow the British visa-free visits of up to 180 days❞
It's hard enough to trust the news these days. Please include references & links to claims.
Mark Stücklin says:
Fair enough Jacob. I can't remember where I originally read it but it got me searching, which led me to this Telegraph article https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/shorter-passport-queues-longer-stays-portugal-will-attract-britons/.
I hit the Telegraph paywall so didn't actually read the full article. I was in a rush and didn't have time to get to the bottom of it, hence my wording "I read in the press". I realise this was rushed and sloppy, and I now think misleading. I'll have to edit the article to reflect that. I appreciate you taking me to task on this.
I read the article (snuck through the paywall) and it says that Portugal is considering the 180 visa-free visit, but it's not approved at this time.
I think this issue is overrated. There are multiple classes of British visitors to Spain:
1-People who move full-time and who can meet the new, non-EU requirements for a non-lucrative (retirement) visa (the two main requirements are being able to buy private health insurance, and meeting an annual income of 25,600 euros/year for the first family member, and an additional 6454 euros/year for each additional family member or having equivalent/sufficient savings/investments to live from)
2-People who move full-time and cannot meet the new requirements
3-People who stay >90 days, often annually, over winters
4-People who stay <90 days, typically for a weekend or maybe a couple of weeks at the most on holiday
So out of these four groups, only group 2 and group 3 are ruled out under current rules. Group 2 is out because they simply don't have the financial resources, and group 3 is out because it's too much hassle to get a non-lucrative visa on an annual basis. (I think it's a big pain in the neck and I only had to do it once, four years ago prior to moving here!)
The real question is this: how many people are there in those two groups? Some of those in Group 2 can probably meet the new requirements if they sell their home in the UK and cash out completely, and then buy something less expensive than they'd originally planned in Spain.
But my contention is that the vast majority of British visitors to Spain are actually Group 4, and they're unaffected. In annual spend, those people also bring the most money. Those that live full time and have a decent income (ie, spend) are also unaffected.
So it's really just the snowbirds and the poorer full-timers that are hit… and to be frank, Spain can afford to lose them.
I know it's popular among our British cousins (I'm American, myself) to overrate their own importance to the Spanish economy, but the reality is that in tourist euros, the *gain* in overall tourism in Spain between 2015 and 2019 was greater than all of the spending by ALL Brits.
That sounds astounding but it's true; Spanish tourism grew tremendously up until Covid hit, and so even if *every* Brit quit coming all at once but everyone else stayed the same, Spain's tourism sector would only be set back a few years' worth of growth.
And yet the majority of British tourism will be able to move unimpeded.
Honestly, the only market that's hit by the new visa requirements are the lower end of holiday flats and homes. I know that's a lot of SPI's bread and butter, but let's not add to the Leave crowd's arrogance and belief in their own importance.
GaryJeffs says:
I really do believe that the 90 day issue will be the biggest barrier to any resumption of normality in the Spanish Second home market. I speak with experience, I have owned holiday property on the Costa Del Sol and now retired my wife and I are searching for a suitable winter home there. I enjoy reading the articles and statistics on this site but have come to my own conclusion that second home property on the Costa Del Sol is not selling, I know because I am witnessing that now "in real time', where many properties I am interested in have just been sitting there for sale, mostly with no price reductions, some for two years so we can't just blame the pandemic.
Anyway, Brexit done and vaccines rolling out I do see light at the end of the tunnel, BUT "hang on a minute" I did say winter on the Costa Del Sol and despite what the calendar says, winter in Blighty is longer than 90 days. Quite simply the Schengen Area 90 day rule is a showstopper for me and the missus, no way are we investing in Spanish property only to be limited on when we can stay. I should add that I totally disagree with the comments above and that the vast majority of friends and acquaintances we have on the Costa Del Sol are non resident snowbirds, and most definitely not lower end of the property scale as suggested. To expect the Spanish property market to simply lose this portion of the market with no detrimental effect is nonsense. Whilst it may be difficult to quantify surely there has to be tens of thousands of Brits thinking the same way as me and the missus right now.
So what now? Well for us I guess we need some kind of second home owner 180 day Visa before we commit to buying, owning & wintering on the Costa Del Sol. Spanish issued or EU wide doesn't matter, something quick and maybe lasting 5 years? I wonder, is such a thing on anybody's agenda?
FSB says:
In reply to Paul's articles 11 Dec & 14 Dec 20.
It would appear you have a very low opinion of the BRITISH ( but of course you would you're AMERICA N ). Let me explain to you there are many of us who have invested many Hundreds of Thousands if not Millions of Pounds in Spanish Property.
We ourselves have owned a property in Spain for 17 years, we don't want residency in Spain because of the worldwide tax implications that would bring but are happy to except 183 days stay per year. If the EU ruling of 90 days in 180 days stands it will definitely effect U.K. Property purchase in Spain.
Remember it's people like us that spend the real money in 5 star Spanish Restaurants and the like of Utilities etc, etc, not everyone Stays/ Holidays in a Caravan Park and live on a Shoestring.
I suggest you may want to re-evaluate your opinion of the BRITISH.
Check out the facebook group 180 Days in Spain…..
https://www.facebook.com/groups/180daysinspain
JMG says:
Sorry to come to this article late but I have just received a petition on this very subject.
I am an EU national and I think the solution to this 'problem' is very simple. UK nationals should lobby their MPs to change the law in the UK to match that of Schengen and adopt the same 90/180 day rule. Sorted! You then have the fairness and the level playing field that you desire and it's much easier for the UK to simply change their rules than for the entire Schengen area to change theirs which, incidentally, apply to all third country nationals not just the UK.
You voted for a very major change and this is just one of many changes that you will have to face. You can't just pick off parts of EU membership that you like because you think you are exceptional and your money is more important, it doesn't work like that and it sounds arrogant.
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Guest blog: Andy Peart from Artificial Solutions looks at how using conversational AI takes connecting with customers to the next level.
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José Emilio Salinas Balmaceda (Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, 4 de octubre 1864 - Laredo, Texas, USA, 15 de marzo 1924) Fue un militar y político mexicano que participó en la Revolución mexicana así como Gobernador de Querétaro y de Chihuahua.

Biografía
Nació en Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila; era pariente de Venustiano Carranza. Se inició en la política en 1893, como oposicionista al Gobernador José María Garza Galán, quién intentaba reelegirse. Emilio Salinas fue uno de los que se levantó en armas para combatir a dicho Gobernador.

Desde 1910 simpatizó con el antireeleccionismo, y se levantó en armas en abril de 1911 contra el régimen de Porfirio Díaz. En 1912 luchó junto a Pascual Orozco. En 1913 se unió a Venustiano Carranza para combatir el Gobierno de Victoriano Huerta. Operó en Coahuila y alcanzó el grado de General de Brigada en 1914. A principios de 1915 fue derrotado por Doroteo Arango en el poblado de Ramos Arizpe, donde perdió muchos hombres.

Durante la estancia de Venustiano Carranza en Santiago de Querétaro se le nombró Gobernador y Comandante Militar de ese Estado. Posteriormente fue jefe de los establecimiento fabriles y aprovisionamientos militares, y senador por Coahuila en 1918; luego fue nombrado Cónsul de México en San Antonio, Texas, y después fue Gobernador Provisional de Chihuahua, del 13 de marzo al 26 de abril de 1920. Con el Triunfo del Plan de Agua Prieta fue depuesto de ese cargo, y se retiró a la vida privada.

Murió en la Ciudad de Laredo, Texas, en 1924. Se casó con Virginia Caarmiña.Su hijo Gustavo Salinas alcanzó el Grado de General durante la Revolución mexicana.

Militares de la Revolución mexicana
Gobernadores de Querétaro
Gobernadores de Chihuahua
Laredo
Militares de Querétaro
Militares de Coahuila

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In 2018, there were multiple headlines about data mining and privacy breaches. If you were lucky, you weren't impacted—this time. This week BendBroadband celebrates Data Privacy Day (Jan. 28), so it's the perfect time to take a look at your privacy settings and be aware of how and where your information is being shared.


text:
Q: JTA how to do not rollback anything? I want to rollback my transaction on an exception which works absolutely fine. But now I do not want to rollback all actions I made.
For example, a request to my application gets processed and several database actions on multiple databases are done. If the exception is thrown I want to rollback all actions on one of my databases and only 2 actions on the second database. How can I do that? I always end up rolling bback the whole transaction...
what I tried so far:
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED)
public <Param> GenericResponseMsg executeRequest (Param myParam) {
     entityManager1.persist(someEntity); // rollback
     ...
}

@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRES_NEW)
public void addFailedRequestToDatabase() {
     entityManager2.persist(otherEntity); // do not rollback
     ...
}

I also tried to annotate the class with
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.NOT_SUPPORTED)

but this results in the following exception:
Internal Exception: java.sql.SQLException: Connection can not be used while enlisted in another transaction
Error Code: 0

Any ideas? I am somehow stuck and don't know what to do anymore...
EDIT:
Here is the workflow you asked for:
@Stateless
@Path("my/path")
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.NOT_SUPPORTED)
public class MyRessource {

    @EJB
    private MyEJB myEjb;

    @POST
    @Path("method/Path")
    @Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
    @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
    public GenericResponseMsg doSomeStuff(Param param) throws Exception {
        try {
            return myEjb.executeRequest(param);
        } catch(Throwable throwable) {
            myEjb.addFailedRequestToDatabase();
            throw throwable;
        }
    }
}

A: @TransactionAttribute is support for EJB as per the specification. @Transactional support is coming in tomee 7 (currently under vote @asf).
Side note: tomee and openejb standalone code is 100% the same for JTA support.

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text:
Collab Group host their first annual conference
One year on from the Apprenticeship Levy, Build UK partner Collab Group are holding their first annual conference on how the apprenticeship levy has been received by both the industry and the Further Education (FE) sector, and to discuss the…
Government launch new measures to help smaller businesses win government contracts
The government have announced proposals to help smaller businesses bid to win government contracts. Suppliers will have to advertise subcontracting opportunities via the Contracts Finder website, and provide government with data showing how businesses in their supply chain are benefitting…
Tax Guidance for Build UK Members – April 2018
Members can access the Construction Industry Joint Taxation Committee's (JTC) monthly tax guidance newsletter as a key benefit of Build UK membership. Members often register the difficulties they face in complying with changes to taxation rules and regulations, and can…
Key Dates for the new Tax Year
The new tax year for 2018/2019 is now underway and Build UK partner SimpleTax have provided the key dates for the upcoming 2018/2019 tax year. 31 July 2018 – Second Payment on Account for the 2017/18 tax year Alongside your…
CITB implement a new Grants Scheme
The Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) launched its new Grants Scheme on 1 April 2018, which is supported by a new Construction Training Directory and Construction Training Register. These are collectively known as the new 'Training Model'. The new Training…
The Mayor's Construction Academy Programme has launched
The Mayor's Construction Academy (MCA) programme has now launched following the Mayor's pledge in his manifesto to establish a construction academy scheme with the housebuilding industry to close the gap between the housing targets and the need for more skilled…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Q: GPU sharing criterion for VNC solution For my job, I need to know if Virtual Network Computing solution (VNC), for doing export display, is sharing GPU ressources on server side where there is a GPU graphics card on this side.
Actually, we are searching for another solution, in addition to our existing solution (TurboVNC/VirtualGL) and one of our criteria is to be able to allow different client users to share graphics ressources of one GPU card on one node, i.e to be able to open multiple sessions on server side.
for the moment, TurboVNC/VirtuaGL allows to do this sharing and as TurboVNC is a "modified" VNC solution, I wanted to know if this is the case for VNC.
Thanks


text:
// Copyright (c)  Zhirnov Andrey. For more information see 'LICENSE.txt'

#include "Core/Config/Engine.Config.h"

#ifdef COMPUTE_API_OPENCL

#include "Engine/Platforms/Public/GPU/Sync.h"
#include "Engine/Platforms/OpenCL/120/CL1BaseModule.h"
#include "Engine/Platforms/OpenCL/OpenCLObjectsConstructor.h"

namespace Engine
{
namespace PlatformCL
{
	using namespace cl;

	//
	// OpenCL Sync Manager
	//

	class CL1SyncManager final : public CL1BaseModule
	{
	// types
	private:
		using SupportedMessages_t	= CL1BaseModule::SupportedMessages_t::Append< MessageListFrom<
											GpuMsg::ClientWaitDeviceIdle,
											GpuMsg::CreateFence,
											GpuMsg::DestroyFence,
											GpuMsg::CLFenceSync,
											GpuMsg::ClientWaitFence,
											GpuMsg::CreateEvent,
											GpuMsg::DestroyEvent,
											GpuMsg::GetCLEvent,
											GpuMsg::SetEvent,
											GpuMsg::ResetEvent,
											GpuMsg::CreateSemaphore,
											GpuMsg::DestroySemaphore,
											GpuMsg::CLSemaphoreEnqueue,
											GpuMsg::WaitCLSemaphore
										> >;

		using SupportedEvents_t		= CL1BaseModule::SupportedEvents_t;

		using SyncUnion_t			= Union< cl_event >;
		using SyncArray_t			= Map< ulong, SyncUnion_t >;

		struct _DeleteSync_Func;

	// constants
	private:
		static const TypeIdList		_eventTypes;

	// variables
	private:
		SyncArray_t		_syncs;
		ulong			_counter;

	// methods
	public:
		CL1SyncManager (UntypedID_t, GlobalSystemsRef gs, const CreateInfo::GpuSyncManager &ci);
		~CL1SyncManager ();

	// message handlers
	private:
		bool _Delete (const ModuleMsg::Delete &);
		bool _OnManagerChanged2 (const ModuleMsg::OnManagerChanged &msg);

		bool _ClientWaitDeviceIdle (const GpuMsg::ClientWaitDeviceIdle &);
		bool _CreateFence (const GpuMsg::CreateFence &);
		bool _DestroyFence (const GpuMsg::DestroyFence &);
		bool _CLFenceSync (const GpuMsg::CLFenceSync &);
		bool _ClientWaitFence (const GpuMsg::ClientWaitFence &);
		bool _CreateEvent (const GpuMsg::CreateEvent &);
		bool _DestroyEvent (const GpuMsg::DestroyEvent &);
		bool _GetCLEvent (const GpuMsg::GetCLEvent &);
		bool _SetEvent (const GpuMsg::SetEvent &);
		bool _ResetEvent (const GpuMsg::ResetEvent &);
		bool _CreateSemaphore (const GpuMsg::CreateSemaphore &);
		bool _DestroySemaphore (const GpuMsg::DestroySemaphore &);
		bool _CLSemaphoreEnqueue (const GpuMsg::CLSemaphoreEnqueue &);
		bool _WaitCLSemaphore (const GpuMsg::WaitCLSemaphore &);
	};
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

	const TypeIdList	CL1SyncManager::_eventTypes{ UninitializedT< SupportedEvents_t >() };

/*
=================================================
	constructor
=================================================
*/
	CL1SyncManager::CL1SyncManager (UntypedID_t id, GlobalSystemsRef gs, const CreateInfo::GpuSyncManager &ci) :
		CL1BaseModule( gs, ModuleConfig{ id, 1 }, &_eventTypes ),
		_counter{ 0 }
	{
		SetDebugName( "CL1SyncManager" );

		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_OnModuleAttached_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_OnModuleDetached_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_AttachModule_Empty );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_DetachModule_Empty );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_FindModule_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_ModulesDeepSearch_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_Link_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_Compose_Impl );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_Delete );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_OnManagerChanged2 );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_GetDeviceInfo );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_GetCLDeviceInfo );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_GetCLPrivateClasses );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_ClientWaitDeviceIdle );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_CreateFence );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_DestroyFence );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_CLFenceSync );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_ClientWaitFence );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_CreateEvent );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_DestroyEvent );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_GetCLEvent );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_SetEvent );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_ResetEvent );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_CreateSemaphore );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_DestroySemaphore );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_CLSemaphoreEnqueue );
		_SubscribeOnMsg( this, &CL1SyncManager::_WaitCLSemaphore );

		ASSERT( _ValidateMsgSubscriptions< SupportedMessages_t >() );

		_AttachSelfToManager( _GetGPUThread( ci.gpuThread ), UntypedID_t(0), true );
	}

/*
=================================================
	destructor
=================================================
*/
	CL1SyncManager::~CL1SyncManager ()
	{
		ASSERT( _syncs.Empty() );
	}

/*
=================================================
	_DeleteSync_Func
=================================================
*/
	struct CL1SyncManager::_DeleteSync_Func
	{
		_DeleteSync_Func ()
		{}

		void operator () (cl_event ev) const
		{
			if ( ev != null ) {
				CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( ev ) );
			}
		}
	};

/*
=================================================
	_Delete
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_Delete (const ModuleMsg::Delete &msg)
	{
		_DeleteSync_Func	func;

		FOR( i, _syncs ) {
			_syncs[i].second.Accept( func );
		}

		_syncs.Clear();

		return Module::_Delete_Impl( msg );
	}

/*
=================================================
	_OnManagerChanged2
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_OnManagerChanged2 (const ModuleMsg::OnManagerChanged &msg)
	{
		_OnManagerChanged( msg );

		if ( msg.newManager )
		{
			msg.newManager->UnsubscribeAll( this );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_ClientWaitDeviceIdle
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_ClientWaitDeviceIdle (const GpuMsg::ClientWaitDeviceIdle &)
	{
		CL_CALL( clFinish( GetCommandQueue() ) );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_CreateFence
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_CreateFence (const GpuMsg::CreateFence &msg)
	{
		for (;;)
		{
			++_counter;

			if ( not _syncs.IsExist( _counter ) )
				break;
		}
		_syncs.Add( _counter, SyncUnion_t{ cl_event(null) } );

		msg.result.Set( GpuFenceId(_counter) );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_DestroyFence
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_DestroyFence (const GpuMsg::DestroyFence &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;

		if ( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.id), OUT iter ) )
		{
			CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

			cl_event&	fence = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

			if ( fence ) {
				CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( fence ) );
			}

			_syncs.EraseByIter( iter );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_CLFenceSync
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_CLFenceSync (const GpuMsg::CLFenceSync &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
		CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.fenceId), OUT iter ) );
		CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

		cl_event&	fence = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

		if ( fence ) {
			CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( fence ) );
		}

		cl_int		cl_err = 0;
		CL_CALL(( (fence = clCreateUserEvent( GetContext(), OUT &cl_err )), cl_err ));

		CL_CALL( clEnqueueMarkerWithWaitList( GetCommandQueue(), 0, null, OUT &fence ) );

		msg.result.Set( fence );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_ClientWaitFence
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_ClientWaitFence (const GpuMsg::ClientWaitFence &msg)
	{
		using CLEvents_t	= FixedSizeArray< cl_event, GpuMsg::ClientWaitFence::Fences_t::MemoryContainer_t::SIZE >;

		CLEvents_t	events;

		for (auto& wfence : msg.fences)
		{
			SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
			CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(wfence), OUT iter ) );

			cl_event	fence = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();
			CHECK_ERR( fence );

			events.PushBack( fence );
		}

		if ( not events.Empty() ) {
			CL_CALL( clWaitForEvents( cl_uint(events.Count()), events.RawPtr() ) );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_CreateEvent
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_CreateEvent (const GpuMsg::CreateEvent &msg)
	{
		for (;;)
		{
			++_counter;

			if ( not _syncs.IsExist( _counter ) )
				break;
		}
		_syncs.Add( _counter, SyncUnion_t{ cl_event(null) } );

		msg.result.Set( GpuEventId(_counter) );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_DestroyEvent
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_DestroyEvent (const GpuMsg::DestroyEvent &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;

		if ( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.id), OUT iter ) )
		{
			CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

			cl_event&	event = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

			if ( event ) {
				CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( event ) );
			}

			_syncs.EraseByIter( iter );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_GetCLEvent
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_GetCLEvent (const GpuMsg::GetCLEvent &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
		CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.eventId), OUT iter ) );
		CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

		cl_event &	event = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

		if ( event == null )
		{
			cl_int		cl_err = 0;
			CL_CALL(( (event = clCreateUserEvent( GetContext(), OUT &cl_err )), cl_err ));
		}

		msg.result.Set( event );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_SetEvent
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_SetEvent (const GpuMsg::SetEvent &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
		CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.id), OUT iter ) );
		CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

		cl_event&	event = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

		// don't create event, it is same to make event signaled
		if ( event == null )
		{
			return true;
		}

		cl_int	status = 0;
		CL_CALL( clGetEventInfo( event, CL_EVENT_COMMAND_EXECUTION_STATUS, sizeof(status), OUT &status, null ) );

		if ( status != CL_COMPLETE )
		{
			// this command can be used once for event
			CL_CALL( clSetUserEventStatus( event, CL_COMPLETE ) );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_ResetEvent
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_ResetEvent (const GpuMsg::ResetEvent &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
		CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.id), OUT iter ) );
		CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

		cl_event&	event = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

		// create event, it is same to make event unsignaled
		if ( event == null )
		{
			return true;
		}

		cl_int	status = 0;
		CL_CALL( clGetEventInfo( event, CL_EVENT_COMMAND_EXECUTION_STATUS, sizeof(status), OUT &status, null ) );

		// event is already unsignaled, 'ResetEvent' has no effect
		CHECK_ERR( status != CL_COMPLETE );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_CreateSemaphore
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_CreateSemaphore (const GpuMsg::CreateSemaphore &msg)
	{
		for (;;)
		{
			++_counter;

			if ( not _syncs.IsExist( _counter ) )
				break;
		}
		_syncs.Add( _counter, SyncUnion_t{ cl_event(null) } );

		msg.result.Set( GpuSemaphoreId(_counter) );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_DestroySemaphore
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_DestroySemaphore (const GpuMsg::DestroySemaphore &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;

		if ( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.id), OUT iter ) )
		{
			CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

			cl_event&	sem = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

			if ( sem ) {
				CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( sem ) );
			}

			_syncs.EraseByIter( iter );
		}
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_CLSemaphoreEnqueue
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_CLSemaphoreEnqueue (const GpuMsg::CLSemaphoreEnqueue &msg)
	{
		SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
		CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(msg.semId), OUT iter ) );
		CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

		cl_event&	sem = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();

		if ( sem ) {
			CL_CALL( clReleaseEvent( sem ) );
		}

		cl_int		cl_err = 0;
		CL_CALL(( (sem = clCreateUserEvent( GetContext(), OUT &cl_err )), cl_err ));

		CL_CALL( clEnqueueMarkerWithWaitList( GetCommandQueue(), 0, null, OUT &sem ) );

		msg.result.Set( sem );
		return true;
	}

/*
=================================================
	_WaitCLSemaphore
=================================================
*/
	bool CL1SyncManager::_WaitCLSemaphore (const GpuMsg::WaitCLSemaphore &msg)
	{
		using Semaphores_t	= FixedSizeArray< cl_event, GpuMsg::WaitCLSemaphore::Semaphores_t::MemoryContainer_t::SIZE >;

		Semaphores_t	ids;

		for (auto& wsem : msg.semaphores)
		{
			SyncArray_t::iterator	iter;
			CHECK_ERR( _syncs.Find( ulong(wsem), OUT iter ) );
			CHECK_ERR( iter->second.Is< cl_event >() );

			cl_event	sem = iter->second.Get< cl_event >();
			CHECK_ERR( sem );

			ids.PushBack( sem );
		}

		if ( not ids.Empty() ) {
			CL_CALL( clEnqueueMarkerWithWaitList( GetCommandQueue(), cl_uint(ids.Count()), ids.RawPtr(), null ) );
		}
		return true;
	}

}	// PlatformCL
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace Platforms
{
	ModulePtr OpenCLObjectsConstructor::CreateCL1SyncManager (ModuleMsg::UntypedID_t id, GlobalSystemsRef gs, const CreateInfo::GpuSyncManager &ci)
	{
		return New< PlatformCL::CL1SyncManager >( id, gs, ci );
	}

}	// Platforms
}	// Engine

#endif	// COMPUTE_API_OPENCL

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


An event triggered after the Record Edit page is displayed on the desktop.
After the Record Edit page is displayed, i.e. when there is an mode=edit in the URL of the page.
After the Record Edit page is displayed through a notification.
record Object The record object.
An event triggered after the Record Edit page is displayed on the mobile.
After the Record Edit page is displayed on the mobile.
An event triggered when the save button is clicked on the Record Edit page.
By returning the kintone.Promise object, you can run actions after waiting for asynchronous operations to finish. Refer to the sample code for the "Save Submit Event" event on the Record Create page.
An event triggered after the record has been successfully saved after clicking the save button on the record edit page.
An event triggered when a specified field value changes while a record is being edited.
The same as the "Field Change Event" event for the Record Create event.
record Object A record object that holds form data inputted by the user at the point of the event.
changes.row Object An object of the changed row.
If a row is added to a table: change.row will reference the new row object.
If a row is deleted from a table: change.row will be null.
If a field outside of a table is changed: change.row will be null.
If the event handler overwrites values in the fields of the record object and returns the event object, the fields of the record are updated with those values in the object.
After opening the record edit page, overwrite the field "text_0" with a specified string, overwrite the first line of the table "Table", and add values into "text_in_table" and "number_in_table" that are inside a table, as a new line.
Note that when adding a new row to the table, all fields in the table must be specified, and the type of each field must also be specified.
Also, if the first line of the table does not exist when you start editing, the code will not be able to find the first line, and will stop the script.
Even if the below fields are overwritten in the handler and returned, they will not take effect on the record itself.
If an empty string is specified for the Radio button field, the default value of the field will be inputted.
Values of the fields can be overwritten, even if the editing of the field has been disabled.
If you do not have permission to add values to a particular field, the field change written in the script will not take effect for that field.
If the handler does not return the event object, the fields will not be updated.
If there are several handlers, the returned values from the last handler will take effect.
When editing a record, disable the editing of the "text_0" field when a value is selected in the drop down field "dropdown_0".
Show an error message for the fields "text_0" and "dropdown_0" when changing the value of a drop down field.
Show an error message for the record when changing a drop down field during an edit of a record.
If true is entered into the lookup property of the Lookup field, the Lookup field runs when the event is returned.
When editing a record, the lookup a value is set into the Lookup field, and the value is looked up. Any field mappings that were set in the Lookup field settings also take place.
Hiding a field with a field code of "text0" when editing a record.
An object containing data of an edited field and edited table row is retrieved.
Retrieve the object data of the field dropdown_0 that exists inside a table, and the object data of the table row of the changed dropdown_0 field, when the value of dropdown_0 changes while editing a record.


A Squared: Greetings from the Great Lake State!
Greetings from the Great Lake State!
I'm on hiatus for a few days relaxing in northern Michigan enjoying some downtime with my family. I'll be back on Monday with some new updates, but in the meantime enjoy your weekend! Also, I hope you are enjoying some weather as beautiful (but possibly warmer) as ours!


text:
package com.google.android.exoplayer2.effect;

import android.graphics.Matrix;

/**
 * Specifies a 3x3 transformation {@link Matrix} to apply in the vertex shader for each frame.
 *
 *
The matrix is applied to points given in normalized device coordinates (-1 to 1 on x and y
 * axes). Transformed pixels that are moved outside of the normal device coordinate range are
 * clipped.
 *
 *
Output frame pixels outside of the transformed input frame will be black, with alpha = 0 if
 * applicable.
 */
public interface MatrixTransformation extends GlMatrixTransformation {
  /**
   * Returns the 3x3 transformation {@link Matrix} to apply to the frame with the given timestamp.
   */
  Matrix getMatrix(long presentationTimeUs);

  @Override
  default float[] getGlMatrixArray(long presentationTimeUs) {
    return MatrixUtils.getGlMatrixArray(getMatrix(presentationTimeUs));
  }
}


123telugu was the first ones to report that Mahesh Babu will be sporting a bearded look for his film which will be directed by Vamsi Paidipally. Mahesh has been dodging the media and was keeping his look a secret.
But today, his look was all out as Mahesh was spotted at Mumbai airport with a heavy beard. Even though he tried hard to hide under a cap and goggles, the Mumbai media spotted him and clicked his look.
His look has gone viral and there have been several opinions about it. Generally clean shaven, this is the first time in years that Mahesh is seen with a fully grown beard.
He will soon start filming for his new film in the second week of June.


Outsourcing is a concept that had been around for many years but 2009 was different. It was different because cloud computing was starting to gain traction. This method of out sourcing thoroughly suited us. And there started our cloud-first strategy.
Yesterday marked a significant milestone in this journey. We pulled the plug on the final major piece of legacy infrastructure. We decommissioned the final rack in the old data centre which to be honest has largely been a very expensive storage cupboard for the last few years.
In everything we do I ask the question "Would our customers care?" "How much value would this add to our customer?". I believe we are now firmly into the second iteration. Seeking to push higher up the stack, IaaS to PaaS to SaaS.


text:
E Wayne Ross
Critical Theories in Education
Institute for Public Education/BC
Institute of Critical Education Studies
Rouge Forum
Critical Education
Cultural Logic
Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor
Popular Press
SELECTED RECENT ARTICLES & BOOK CHAPTERS
[Many of these articles are available to read at http://ubc.academia.edu/EWayneRoss]
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2022). Critical education. In A. Maisuria (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Marxism and education (pp. 129-146). Brill.
Ross, E. W. (2021). Society, democracy, and economics: Challenges for social studies and citizenship education in a neoliberal world. In F. Christian, U. Hagedorn, R. Hedtke, P. Mittnik, & G. Tafner, Georg (Eds.), Wirtschaft, gesellschaf und politick: Sozioökonomische und politische bildung in schule und hochschule (pp. 33-51). Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32910-5_3
Castellví Mata, J. (2021). Read the world to write the future: An interview with professors E Wayne Ross and Xosé Manuel Souto, experts in critical social studies / Leer el mundo y escribir el futuro: Entrevista con los profesores E Wayne Ross y Xosé Manuel Souto, expertos en estudios sociales críticos. Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature, 14(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/jtl3.974
Petrina, S. & Ross, E. W. (2021). Higher racism: The case of the University of British Columbia— on the wrong side of history but right side of optics. Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, 32, 12-25. https://ices.library.ubc.ca/index.php/workplace/issue/view/182672
Ross, E. W. (2020). Why are Things as they are? Action research and the transformation of work and education in the neoliberal age. Canadian Journal of Action Research, 21(1), 10-26. Retrieved from https://journals.nipissingu.ca/index.php/cjar/article/view/515
Ross, E. W. (2020). Humanización de la pedagogía crítica: ¿Qué clase de profesores? ¿Qué clase de ciudadanía? ¿Qué clase de futuro? (Sonia Bazán, Trans.). Revista de Educación, 21(1), 17-37. Retrieved from http://fh.mdp.edu.ar/revistas/index.php/r_educ/article/view/4495
Ross, W. (2020). History and social studies curriculum. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education. Oxford University Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.013.1062
Ross, E. W. (2020). Issues facing the field: Teaching about and for democracy. In R. Case & P. Clark (Eds.). Learning to inquire in history, geography, and social studies: An anthology for secondary teachers (4th Ed., pp. 17-19). Vancouver, BC: Critical Thinking Consortium.
Ross, E. W. (2019). The problem of democracy in the time of Trump. Educazione Aperta, 6, 123-135. Retrieved from http://educazioneaperta.it/archives/2359
Ross, E. W. (2019). The challenges of teaching social studies: What teachers? What citizenship? What future? A tribute to Joan Pages. In Ballbé, M., González-Monfort, N., Santisteban, A. (Eds.), Quin professorate, quina ciutadania, quin future? Els reptes de l'ensenyament de les ciències socials, la geografia i la història (pp. 39-52). Barcelona, Spain: GREDICS, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Sant, E., Sepúlveda, M. E. V., Pages, J., & Ross, E. W. (2015). Interview with Professor E. Wayne Ross. Revista Educación y Pedagogía, 27(69-70), 147-158. (Published in 2019)
Ross, E. W. (2019). The courage of hopelessness: Democratic education in the age of empire. In C. Jenkins (Ed.), The 2017 Hampton Reader: Selected essays from a working-class think tank (pp. 53-70). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ross, E. W. (2018). Humanizing critical pedagogy: What kind of teachers? What kind of citizenship? What kind of future? Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 40(5), 371-389. DOI: 10.1080/10714413.2019.1570792
Ross, E. W., & Gautreaux, M. (2018). Pensando de manera crítica sobre el pensamiento crítico [Thinking critically about critical thinking]. Aula Abierta, 47(4), 383-386. Retrieved from https://www.unioviedo.es/reunido/index.php/AA/article/view/13061
Ross, E. W. (2018). Class. In D. G. Krutka, A. M. Whitlock, & M. Helmsing (Eds.), Keywords in the social studies: Concepts and conversations (pp. 249-260). New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.
Kuehn, L., Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2018, June 5). The many faces of privatization. Institute for Public Education / British Columbia, Occasional Paper No. 1. Vancouver, BC: IPE/BC. Retrieved from http://instituteforpubliceducation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Many-Faces-of-Privatization-IPEBC-Occasional-Paper-1.pdf
Sant, E., Lewis, S., Delgado, S., & Ross, E. W., (2018). Justice and global citizenship education. In I. Davies, L-C. Ho, D. Kiwan, C. L. Peck, A. Peterson, E. Sant, & Y. Waghid (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Global Citizenship and Education (227-243). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ross, E. W. (2017). Broadening the circle of critical pedagogy. In A. Darder, R. D. Torres, & M. P. Baltodano (Eds.), The critical pedagogy reader (pp. 608-617, 3rd edition). New York: Routledge.
Delgado, S. X., & Ross, E. W. (2016). Students in revolt: The pedagogical potential of student collective action in the age of the corporate university. Knowledge Cultures, 4(6), 141-158.
Ross, E. W. (2016). Peter McLaren, Life in Schools: An Introduction to Critical Pedagogy in the Foundations of Education (1988). In J. L. DeVitis (Ed.), Popular educational classics: A reader. New York: Peter Lang.
Ross, E. W. (2016). The courage of hopelessness: Creative disruption of everyday life in the classroom. In W. Journell (Ed.), Reassessing the social studies curriculum: Promoting critical civic engagement in a politically polarized, post-9/11 world (pp. 69-82). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Delgado, S. X., Gautreaux, M., & Ross, E. W. (2016). La literatura infantil como herramienta didáctica para enseñar sobre poder, tiranía y justicia social. Íber: Didáctica de les Ciencias Sociales, Geografia e Historia, 82, 50-55.
Ross, E. W. (2016). Broadening the circle of critical pedagogy. In N. McCrary & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Working for social justice inside and outside the classroom: A community of teachers, researchers, and activists (pp. 216-218). New York: Peter Lang.
McCrary, N. E., & Ross, E. W. (2016). Working for social justice inside and outside the classroom: A community of teachers, researchers, and activists. In N. E. McCrary & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Working for social justice inside and outside the classroom: A community of teachers, researchers, and activists (pp. 1-6). New York: Peter Lang.
Ross, E. W. (2015). Dr. Dewey or: How I learned to stop worrying about where ideas come from and love critical pedagogy. In B. J. Porfilio & D. R. Ford (Eds.), Leaders in critical pedagogy: Narratives for understanding and solidarity (pp. 141-155). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Ross, E. W. (2015). Renovació de renovació pedagògica : Què hem de mantenir i què hem de canviar en la pedagogia crítica? [Renewing pedagogical renovation: What should we keep and what should we change about critical pedagogy?] Perspectiva Escolar, 382, 6-13.
Petrina, S., Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2015). Threat convergence: The new academic work, bullying, mobbing and freedom. Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, 24, 58-69. Retrieved from http://ices.library.ubc.ca/index.php/workplace/article/view/186137
Ross, E. W., Mathison, S., & Vinson, K. D. (2015). Social studies education and standards-based education reform in North America: Curriculum standardization, high-stakes testing, and resistance. La Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos, 10(1), 19-48. Retrieved from http://latinoamericana.ucaldas.edu.co/downloads/Latinoamericana10(1)_2.pdf
Fanelli, C., & Ross, E. W. (2015). Critical education and insurgent pedagogies: An interview with E. Wayne Ross. Alternate Routes: A Journal of Critical Social Research, 26, 405-422. Retrieved from http://www.alternateroutes.ca/index.php/ar/article/view/22329/18121
Ross, E. W. (2015). Teaching for change: Social education and critical knowledge for everyday life. In S. Totten (Ed.) The importance of teaching social issues: Our pedagogical creeds (pp. 141-147). New York: Routledge.
Gibson, R., & Ross, E. W. (2015). Education and empire: Education for class consciousness. In P. R. Carr & B. J. Porfilio (Eds.), The phenomenon of Obama and the agenda for education: Can hope audaciously trump neoliberalism? (2nd ed.). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Press.
Ross, E. W. (2014).Yaşamin maddi dönüşümü" Guy Debord, gösteri ve eleştirel sosyal çalişmalar eğitimi. In A. Yildiz & M. Uysal (Eds.). Eleştirel eğitim yazılar (pp. 211-236) [Writings on critical education]. Ankara, Turkey: Siyasal Kitabevi. (Translated By Arzu Çakir)
Ross, E. W. (2014). Re-thinking the social studies curriculum. In E. W. Ross (Ed.). The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (4th Ed., 375-387). Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W., Mathison, S., & Vinson, K. D. (2014). Social studies curriculum and teaching in the era of standardization. In E. W. Ross (Ed.). The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (4th Ed., pp. 25-49). Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2014). Dangerous citizenship. In E. W. Ross (Ed.). The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (4th Ed., pp. 93-12). Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W. (2014). A sense of where you are. In C. A. Woyshner (Ed.) Leaders in social education (pp. 163-178). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Ross, E. W. (2014). Noam Chomsky. In D. Phillips (Ed.). Encyclopedia of educational theory and philosophy. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Petrina, S. & Ross, E. W. (2014). Critical university studies: Workplace, milestones, crossroads, respect, truth. Workplace, 23, 62-71.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2014). Resisting neoliberal education reforms: Insurrectionist pedagogies and the pursuit of dangerous citizenship. Cultural Logic, 2013, 17-45. Retrieved from http://clogic.eserver.org/2013/Ross_Vinson.pdf (Original work published 2013)
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2013). Resisting neoliberal education reforms: Insurrectionist pedagogies and the pursuit of dangerous citizenship. Works & Days, 61/62, 31(1-2), 27-58.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2013). The Society of the Spectacle revisited: Separation, schooling, and the pursuit of dangerous citizenship. International Journal of Society, Culture and Language, 1(2), 1-14. Retrieved from http://www.ijscl.net/?_action=articleInfo&article=2578&vol=486
Ross, E. W., & Queen, G. (2013). "Shut up he might hear you!" Teaching Marx in social studies. In C. S. Malott & M. Cole (Eds.), Teaching Marx across the curriculum: The socialist challenge (pp. 203-228). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ross, E. W., Gibson, R., Queen, G., & Vinson, K. D. (2013). How do I keep my ideals and still teach? In E. A. Daniels & B. J. Porfilio (Eds.), Dangerous counterstories: Narrating for understanding, solidarity, resistance, and community (pp. 203-223). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2012). La educación para una ciudadanía peligrosa. Enseñanza de las Ciencias Socials, 2012(11), 73-86.
Vinson, K. D., Ross, E. W., & Wilson, M. B. (2012). Standards based educational reform and social studies education: A critical introduction. In W. B. Russell III (Ed.), Contemporary social studies: An essential reader (pp. 153-172). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2011). Social control and the pursuit of dangerous citizenship. In J. L. DeVitis (Ed.), Critical civic literacy: A reader (pp. 155-168). New York: Peter Lang.
Gibson, R., & Ross, E. W. (2011). The education agenda is a war agenda: Connecting reason to power and power to resistence. In P. R. Carr & B. J. Porfilio (Eds.) The phenomenon of Obama and the agenda for education: Can hope audaciously trump neoliberalism? (pp. 227-248). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Chacko, M. A., & Ross, E. W. (2011). Re-visioning global education [Review of the book Visions in Global Education]. Theory and Research in Social Education, 39(1), 148-158. [pdf]
Ross, E. W. (2010). Resisting the common-nonsense of neoliberalism: A report from British Columbia. Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, 17, 203-222.
Vinson, K. D., Ross, E. W., & Wilson, M. B. (2010). "The concrete inversion of life": Guy Debord, the spectacle, and critical social studies education. In A. DeLeon & E. W. Ross (eds.), Critical theories, radical pedagogies, and social education: New perspectives for social studies education. Rotterdam: Sense.
Vinson, K. D., Ross, E. W., & Welsh, J. F. (2010). Controlling images: Surveillance, spectacle, and high-stakes testing as social control. In K. J. Saltman & D. Gabbard (Eds.), Education as enforcement (2nd Ed.). New York: Routledge. [pdf]
Ross, E. W., & Queen, G. (2010). Globalization, class, and the social studies curriculum. In D. Kelsh, D. Hill & S. Macrine (Eds.), Class in education: Knowledge, pedagogy, subjectivity (pp. 153-174). New York: Routledge. [pdf]
Ross, E. W. (2010). Clockwork: Taylorism and its continuing influence on work and schooling. In E. Heilman (Ed.), Social studies and diversity teacher education: What we do and why we do it (pp. 33-37). New York: Routledge.
Gibson, R., & Ross, E. W. (2010). Using children's books to explore power, tyranny and justice. In E. Heilman (Ed.), Social studies and diversity teacher education: What we do and why we do it (pp. 63-65). New York: Routledge.
Welsh, J. F., Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2009, December). To discipline and enforce: Surveillance and spectacle in state reform of higher education. New Proposals: Journal of Marxism and Interdisciplinary Inquiry, 3(2), 17-32.
Ross, E. W., & Marker, P. M. (Eds.). (2009, Winter). Social studies teacher education: Dare we teach for democracy? Teacher Education Quarterly, 36(1). [pdf]
Gibson, R., & Ross, E. W. (2009). The education agenda is a war agenda: Connecting reason to power and power to resistance. Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, 16, 31-52.
Gibson, R., Queen, G., Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2009). The Rouge Forum. In D. Hill (Ed.), Contesting neoliberal education: Public resistance and collective advance (pp. 110-136). New York: Routledge. [pdf]
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2008). Accountability. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. 11-19). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2008). Introduction. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. xvii – xxiv). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2008). The hegemony of accountability: The corporate—political alliance for control of schools. In D. A. Gabbard & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Education and the rise of the security state (pp. 91-100). New York: Teachers College Press. [Revised version of Mathison & Ross (2002).]
Mathison, S. & Ross, E. W. (2008). The nature and limits of standards based reform and assessment. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), The nature and limits of standards based reform and assessment (pp. xvii-xxv). New York: Teacher College Press. [Reprint of Mathison & Ross (2004)].
Ross, E. W. (2008). Critical pedagogy. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. 156-161). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Ross, E. W. (2008). E-learning. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. 568-595). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Ross, E. W. (2008). Social studies education. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. 221-228). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Ross, E. W. (2008). Teacher unions. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Battleground schools (pp. 628-638). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Ross, E. W. (2008). Social studies education. In D.A. Gabbard (Ed.), Knowledge and power in the global economy: The effects of school reform in a neoliberal / neoconservative age. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2008.
Ross, E. W., & Gibson, R. (2007). Introduction. In E. W. Ross & R. Gibson (Eds.), Neoliberalism and education reform. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2007). Education and the new disciplinarity: Surveillance, spectacle, and the case of standards-based educational reforms. In E. W Ross & R. Gibson (Eds.), Neoliberalism and education reform. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.
Gibson, R., Queen, G., Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2007). "I participate, you participate, we participate … they profit" Notes on revolutionary educational activism to transcend capital: The Rouge Forum. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, 5(2).
Mathison, S., Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2006). Defining the social studies curriculum: Influence of and resistance to curriculum standards and testing in social studies. The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (3rd Ed., pp. 99 – 114). Albany: State University of New York Press.
Pang, V. O., & Ross, E. W. (2006). General editors' introduction. In E. W. Ross & V. O. Pang (Eds.) Race, ethnicity, and education (Vol. 1-4, pp. ix – xiii). Westport CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W. (2006). Social studies teachers and curriculum. In E. W. Ross (Ed.) The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (3rd ed. pp. 1-14). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W. (2006). Re-making the social studies curriculum. In E. W. Ross (Ed.) The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (3rd ed. pp. 313 – 327). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W. (2006). The struggle for the social studies curriculum. In E. W. Ross (Ed.) The social studies curriculum: Purposes, problems, and possibilities (3rd ed. pp. 17-36). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Ross, E. W. (2006). Racism and anti-racism in schools. In E. W. Ross (Ed.) Race, ethnicity, and education: Racism and antiracism in schools (Vol. 4, pp. xv – xxviii). Westport CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W., & Milner, H. R. (2006). The color-blind myth and why racial identity matters in education. In H. R. Milner & E. W. Ross (Eds.) Race, ethnicity, and education: Racial identity in education (Vol. 3, pp. xvii – xxvii). Westport CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2006). Social justice requires a revolution of everyday life. In C.A. Rossatto, M. Pruyn and R. L. Allen (Eds.), Reinventing critical pedagogy: Widening the circle of ant-oppression education (pp. 143 – 156). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2006). The Society of the Spectacle revisited: Separation, schooling, and the pursuit of dangerous citizenship. In J. Paraskeva, D. W. Hursh & E. W. Ross (Eds), Marxismo e Educação. Lisbon, Portugal: Profedições.
Ross, E. W. (2005). Down from the tower and into the fray: Adventures in writing for the popular press. In M. S Crocco (Ed.), Social studies and the press: Keeping the beast at bay (pp. 245 – 261). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
Ross, E. W. Kesson, K., Gabbard, D., Mathison, S. & Vinson, K. D. (2005, May). Saving public education—saving democracy. Public Resistance! 1(1).
E. W. Ross, & Marker, P. M. (2005, September-October). Social studies: Wrong, right or left? A Critical Analysis of the Fordham Foundation's 'Where Did Social Studies Go Wrong?' (Part II). The Social Studies. 96(5), 187 – 188.
E. W. Ross, & Marker, P. M. (2005, July/August). Social studies: Wrong, right or left? A Critical Analysis of the Fordham Foundation's 'Where Did Social Studies Go Wrong?' The Social Studies, 96(4), 139-142.
E. W. Ross, & Marker, P. M. (2005). (If social studies is wrong) I don't want to be right. Theory and Research in Education, 33(1), 142 – 151.
Gibson, R., Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2004). Pursuing authentic teaching in an age of standardization. In K. Kesson & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Defending public schools: Teaching for a democratic society (pp. 79 – 95). Westport CT: Praeger.
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2004). The hegemony of accountability: The corporate—political alliance for control of schools. In D. A. Gabbard & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Defending public schools: Education and the rise of the security state (pp. 91-100). Westport CT: Praeger.
Mathison, S. & Ross, E. W. (2004). The nature and limits of standards based reform and assessment. In S. Mathison & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Defending public schools: The nature and limits of standards based reform and assessment (pp. xvii-xxv). Westport, CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W. (2004). Defending public schools/defending democracy. In D. A. Gabbard & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Defending public schools: Education and the rise of the security state (pp. xi-xvii). Westport CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W. Negotiating the politics of citizenship education. PS: Political Science and Politics. 37.2 (2004): 249 – 251.
Ross, E. W. (2004). Social studies and critical thinking. In J. L. Kincheloe & D. Weil (Eds.), Critical thinking and learning: An encyclopedia for parents and teachers (pp. 383-388). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2004). Defending public schools: Curriculum and the challenge of change. In K. D. Vinson & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Defending public schools: Curriculum and the challenge of change (pp. xvii-xxvi) Westport, CT: Praeger.
Ross, E. W., & Vinson, K. D. (2005). A justiça social requer uma revolução na vida quotidiana [Social justice requires a revolution of everyday life]. In R. L. Allen, J. Paraskeva & C. Rossatto (Eds.), Reinventar a Pedagogia Critica (pp. 137 – 151). Lisbon, Portugal: Edições Pedago.
[Reprinted: Curriculo sem Fronteiras: A Journal for Critical and Emancipatory Education. 5(2), 2005: 65 – 78.]
Queen, G., Ross, E. W., Gibson, R., & Vinson, K. D. (2003, July). "I participate, you participate, we participate…they profit, but let's change things": Building a K-16 movement for progressive educational reform. Workplace: The Journal for Academic Labor, 5(2).
Ross, E. W. (Ed.). (2003, July). Building a K-16 Movement. Workplace: The Journal for Academic Labor. 5(1).
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2003). Controlling images: Surveillance, spectacle, and the power of high-stakes testing. In K. J. Saltman & D. Gabbard (Eds.), Education as enforcement (pp. 241-257). New York: Routledge.
Mathison, S., & Ross, E. W. (2002, October). The hegemony of accountability. Workplace: The Journal for Academic Labor, 5(1).
Ross, E. W., & Gibson, R. (2001). The choice is not between tyranny and terror. Theory and Research in Social Education, 29(4), 779-780.
Ross, E. W. (2001). TRSE 1996-2001. Theory and Research in Social Education, 29(4), 576-581.
Ross, E. W. (2001). Waiting for the great leap forward: From democratic principles to democratic reality. Theory and Research in Social Education, 29(3), 394-399.
Ross, E. W. (2001). Rethinking the work of NCSS. Theory and Research in Social Education, 29(1), 6-17.
Ross, E. W. (2001). The spectacle of standards and summits. In J. L. Kincheloe, S. Steinberg, & D. Weil (Eds.) Schooling and standards in the United States: An encyclopedia (pp. 711-717). New York: ABC/Clio.
Ross, E. W. (2001). What's left? [Review of the book Achieving our country: Leftist thought in twentieth-century America]. Theory and Research in Social Education, 29(3), 541-549.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2001a). Education and the new disciplinarity: Surveillance, spectacle, and the case of standards-based educational reforms. Cultural Logic: Marxist Theory & Practice, 4(1). Retrieved from https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/clogic/article/view/191988
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2001). In search of the social studies curriculum: Standardization, diversity, and a conflict of appearances. In W. B. Stanley (Ed.). Critical issues for social studies research in the 21st century: Research, problems, and prospects (pp. 39-71). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishers.
Vinson, K. D., & Ross, E. W. (2001). Social education and standards-based reform: A critique. In J. L. Kincheloe, S. Steinberg, & D. Weil (Eds.) Schooling and standards in the United States: An encyclopedia (pp. 909-927). New York: ABC/Clio.
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Crain's Detroit Business: Spencer Johnson, former Michigan Health & Hospital Association president, dies
On Nov. 8, Crain's Detroit Business published an article that recapped the life and accomplishments of Spencer Johnson, the MHA's president and leader for three decades before retiring in 2015, who passed away on Nov. 8.
MHA In The News | November 11
MiBiz: Advocates back bill to curtail prior authorization by health insurers
On Nov. 3 MiBiz published an article on a bill introduced in the Michigan Senate that seeks to reform health insurer's prior authorization practices, including a statement from the MHA on the issue.
MHA Featured in Detroit Free Press Article on Challenges in Rural Michigan
An article published by the Detroit Free Press on Oct. 21 analyzes rural Michigan's shrinking and aging population, including a section on the challenges that small & rural hospitals face with low patient volume, high fixed costs and inadequate Medicaid reimbursement rates.
MHA In The News | October 21
Crain's Detroit Business: Are there solutions to surprise medical billing?
On Oct. 20 Crain's Detroit Business published an article that reviews the practice of surprise medical billing and details legislative proposals at the state and federal levels which seek to address the practice.
MHA Featured in Detroit Free Press Article on Health Insurance Costs After Auto No-fault Reform
MHA Chief Innovation Officer & Senior Vice President Laura Appel was interviewed for a Oct. 19 Detroit Free Press article about the anticipated impact from no-fault auto insurance reform on health insurance premiums for Michigan residents.
MLive: Rural areas hit hard by vetoes may see relief under new spending bills
In response to the 147 line-item vetoes to the state budget that were issued by Gov. Gretchen Whitmer Sept. 30, MLive published an article Oct. 10 that focuses on the vetoes' impact on rural areas in Michigan.
Crain's Detroit Business: Michigan hospitals sponsor trustee day at the state Legislature
Crain's Detroit Business quoted MHA CEO Brian Peters in its Oct. 11 story on the MHA's upcoming Trustee Day at the Capitol event.
Headline Roundup: MHA Response to State Budget Vetoes
The MHA conducted numerous interviews with news outlets across the state and issued a media statement following Gov. Gretchen Whitmer's line-item vetoes cut healthcare funding.
Crain's Detroit Business: Legislators approve 3.7% state health budget hike
Adam Carlson, the MHA's senior director of government & political affairs, was featured in a Sept. 24 article from Crain's Detroit Business on the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services budget, which was approved by the Legislature Sept. 24.
MHA Featured in MLive Article on Behavioral Health
MHA Chief Innovation Officer & Senior Vice President Laura Appel was interviewed for a Sept. 24 Mlive article about the critical need to improve access to care for behavioral health patients in Michigan.
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This interdisciplinary volume presents international research and theories focusing on the development of the individual across the life span. Centering on "family" as the key context influencing, and being influenced by the developing person, the contributors to this volume discuss an array of theoretical models, methodological strategies, and substantive foci linking the study of individual development, the family system, and the broader context of human development. The volume presents continuing empirical research and theories in the realm of individual and family development and features a developmental, contextual view from a process-oriented vantage point.


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Features, Music, Reviews, Track-by-Track July 27, 2020 July 27, 2020
Album Review: Inside the Forlorn Human Depths of Eliot Bronson's 'Empty Spaces'
Empty Spaces - Eliot Bronson
Singer/songwriter Eliot Bronson dives into his sixth album 'Empty Spaces,' a moving embodiment of intimacy and vulnerability with a deeply human touch.
Stream: "Empty Space" – Eliot Bronson
These songs and this record saved me.
From the moment it begins with two sighing, crying guitars, Eliot Bronson's new album Empty Spaces embodies intimacy and vulnerability with a deeply human touch. Opening track "Visitor" recognizes our fleeting presence in spaces that are not our own, ruminating on what it means to have an impact and what it means to inhabit any place – and so begins an ascent into the self that examines who we are, what we are, why we are, and how we choose to live our individual lives. It's a record of this moment, and a record that could only have come from Eliot Bronson at this juncture.
Empty Spaces – Eliot Bronson
Released July 24, 2020 via New Pain Records, Empty Spaces arrives this summer as singer/songwriter Eliot Bronson's raw and meaningful sixth studio album. An Americana and folk singer/songwriter active for the past decade and originally from Baltimore, Maryland, Bronson has been gracing the world with beautiful songs since 2011's debut Blackbirds and its heartfelt, soothing acoustic opener, "Old Car." The past decade has seen Bronson flourish as an artist, with every successive record building upon the last. His 2014 eponymous album helped cement his multi-faceted artistry, and his latest release, 2017's James, was both a commercial and creative success that established his name in the alt-country/Americana space. These roads led him to Empty Spaces, whose singles "With Somebody" and "Empty Spaces" promised nothing short of a stunner in the works.
Empty Spaces more than delivers on the promise of its teaser tracks. An honest reflection on a life lived and choices made, it is humble, sincere, and immediately accessible.
Eliot Bronson © Jenna Shea Mobley
"I put everything I had into this album," Bronson tells Atwood Magazine. "It's the most honest and personal work I've even done. Somehow it also managed to be the most creative and fulfilling as well."
A ten track record brimming with stripped-down and built-up acoustic textures, Empty Spaces brings Bronson's musings to life with a range of color and nuance. In premiering the album's title track earlier this year, we praised the artist's ability to dive "into the bittersweet depths of emotional experience with humility, honesty, grace, and sadness" – calling the song "Empty Spaces" a "vulnerable, intimate expression of grief and isolation, loss and longing."
Indeed, much of Bronson's songwriting here takes the form of a painstakingly-written diary entry. He has spilled himself onto the page as he has into every caressing guitar line and poignant melody, recognizing the hardships and big questions in life, and how they're often difficult to overcome. "What do you need? What do you want?" Bronson asks in the bittersweet, aching album closer "Gone." "What do you leave when everything is gone?"
Just as they did at the start, two sighing, crying guitars paint a solemn, compelling portrait; Bronson's moody voice, and later a plaintive harmonica solo, lend his music sense of closure and acceptance. Empty Spaces is not the easiest listen because it challenges us to think deeply and critically about difficult subjects – and that is what makes it beautiful. Bronson takes no shortcuts; he neither sugarcoats nor makes excuses. He embraces life head-on, tackling the big, the small, and even some of the in-betweens with the majesty and grace of a man who knows that life isn't easy, but sees the magic in it anyway.
Experience the full record via our below stream, and peek inside Eliot Bronson's Empty Spaces with Atwood Magazine as the artist goes track-by-track through the music and lyrics of his sixth studio album!
:: stream/purchase Empty Spaces here ::
Stream: 'Empty Spaces' – Eliot Bronson
:: Inside Empty Spaces ::
I was moving out of our house, alone. I remember removing my photos and art from the wall collage we'd made, leaving only a few holes in an otherwise untouched arrangement. I began singing to myself, "I was just a visitor."
It took me the longest to write. I don't remember starting, just that it haunted me for months. It felt like a dream somehow. I think it wanted to be played on electric, because once I plugged in, it was right there.
I crashed with some good friends for several months after the breakup. They have a small balcony above their living room where the acoustics are just perfect. I had recently bought my 1934 Kalamazoo and I was playing it all day. I found this melodic hook one afternoon up on that balcony and didn't come down till the song was finished.
"She Loves The Mountains"
It was a quiet night with a good friend and his recently acquired chess board. We were dusting off our skills and drinking some whiskey. He had music playing, everything from Merle Haggard to Mile Davis. I was trying to have fun, but was pretty down. Lyle Lovett started singing. It might have been "LA County" or "Bears," I'm not sure, but it hit me in a different way. I went home and wrote "She Loves The Mountains" the next morning, in one sitting.
I was trying to write another song; playing with the line "the accent she spoke in." I kept turning the words around in my mind, trying to find a way in. I did this for several days, before realizing it wasn't about "her." I heard myself singing "with promises broken, and an accent I spoke in." The rest of the song just spilled out.
I've joked that this song is "Jolene," but to a state. I always thought profanity was lazy in songwriting, but I can't tell you how good it felt to write and sing this. Here's to breaking our own rules.
"Mountain in My Mind"
There's a turning point in every story. This one came to me fully formed. I picked up my guitar one day and played it exactly like this, start to finish. It points to a type of knowing that's almost impossible to talk about. I listened back to my voice memo and I knew I was going to be ok.
"With Somebody"
The world is full of love songs of every kind. It's amazing to me when I come across some undeveloped real estate. This one started when the girl I was seeing left my place one afternoon. I picked up my guitar and started playing the main riff. I didn't leave the house that day.
The heart of the album. All the other songs are inside this one. I don't know how I wrote it. It felt like a gift addressed to me.
Ironically, the album ends with the song I wrote first. "I listen to the rain play on the leaves/ Like seconds ticking away; tiny thieves" That's my favorite line on the album. It's a record about healing, but it didn't feel right to give it a happy ending. I don't think you ever completely stop grieving. You hurt and you heal at the same time. You go on and the pain goes with you, that's just how it is.
Connect to Eliot Bronson on
art © Evan McHugh
📸 © Jenna Shea Mobley
:: Stream Eliot Bronson ::
Inside the Forlorn Human Depths of Eliot Bronson's 'Empty Spaces'
:: ALBUM REVIEW ::
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