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Posted Mon 17 Nov 2014, 11:21am
Updated Tue 25 Feb 2020, 12:40pm
Expires: Thursday 20 May 2021 11:21am
There are any number of self help books that will tell you how to find yourself.
But what if truly being yourself involved changing your gender? Would you have the courage to do it?
Eleven-year-old Isabelle does. To the world she looked like a young boy. But she knew that she was really a girl, and a year ago she told her parents the way she felt.
This week Four Corners reporter Janine Cohen tells Isabelle's story and the story of the family, the doctor and ultimately the community that backed her decision to truly be herself.
Along the way we meet other people who've confronted the same feelings and discover that a growing and significant number of children are finding themselves in the same situation. Some find support from their parents and doctors. Others discover fear, prejudice and a legal system that doesn't make it easy for them to be themselves.
For Isabelle, the decision to tell her story was not made lightly. She and her parents tell Four Corners that they are willing to speak about their experience so that others won't feel alone and other transgender children can be helped and protected.
Doctors tell the program that trying to repress the feeling that you are trapped in the wrong body simply does not work. Instead, it can lead to self harm and even suicide.
Paediatricians also make it clear that timing is important. They explain that if children want to make a physical change, then treatment should begin at puberty. In that way, hormone treatments can be prescribed with far better results.
A senior judge tells Four Corners she is keen to see the law relating to transgender treatment tested sooner rather than later.
Meanwhile, doctors and families warn the current legal situation is putting some children at risk.
Isabelle's story is remarkable and inevitably raises many questions for families, doctors and society in general. Ultimately though, it's a journey that shows courage and honesty is essential to triumph over ignorance. It's a story that is not to be missed.
BEING ME, reported by Janine Cohen and presented by Kerry O'Brien, goes to air on Monday 17th November at 8.30pm. It is replayed on Tuesday 18th November at 11.00am and 11.35pm. It can also be seen on ABC News 24 on Saturday at 8.00pm, ABC iview and at abc.net.au/4corners.
Being Me - 17th November 2014
KERRY O'BRIEN, PRESENTER: Having the strength to embrace who you are.
Welcome to Four Corners.
You don't set out to measure these things but I can't think of a more powerfully poignant story that I've introduced than this one.
Nor can I think of one more capable of suspending prejudice and creating understanding. It's about transgender children, the potential nightmare they have to confront, the lives that hang in the balance and a special brand of courage that is ultimately inspirational.
It involves first and foremost children, then their parents, skilful and dedicated health professionals and a more understanding court system. This is a very real social issue, more than you might think and one we can only reveal because people were prepared to put themselves on the line in an utterly compelling way.
There are three stories here of two girls trapped in male bodies and a boy who started life as a girl, the reporter is Janine Cohen.
ANDREW LANGLEY, ISABELLE'S FATHER: What do you want for breakfast Isabelle?
ISABELLE LANGLEY, TRANSGENDER: May I please have some Vegemite crumpets.
ANDREW LANGLEY: And what do you want on your crumpets?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Um...
ANDREW LANGLEY: Do you want vegemite?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Ah, yes please.
HATTIE LANGLEY, DAUGHTER: Yeah definitely needs and another mix...
NAOMI MCNAMARA, ISABELLE'S MOTHER: I know.
HATTIE LANGLEY: ...and another one minute and then maybe another one minute.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: This is supposed to take 90 seconds in the microwave you know, that's how you're supposed to eat it.
(Sound of Hattie laughing)
You eat it when it's rock hard
JANINE COHEN, REPORTER: The Langley home is busy in the mornings.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Have you got the milk out?
ANDREW LANGLEY: Yeah I've got the milk out.
JANINE COHEN: The family live in Taggerty, a small rural hamlet, 100 kilometres north east of Melbourne.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Yeah it's pretty noisy and chaotic (laughs) as a general rule.
(Isabelle feeds animals)
(to children) You all go the same day?
HATTIE LANGLEY: Yeah.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: ...to the practice?
ANDREW LANGLEY: Yeah.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Where... have you got a note?
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Well, where is it?
JANINE COHEN: Naomi's a social worker.
ANDREW LANGLEY: Is... is that the best condition it can be in?
JANINE COHEN: And Andrew runs their bed and breakfast.
(Sound of children talking)
ANDREW LANGLEY: Talent quest.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: That's different.
ANDREW LANGLEY: You think you've got the morning under control, everyone's up early and something always go and falls off... off the wagon.
ANDREW LANGLEY: Though this morning you're running a bit late...
HATTIE LANGLEY: So was I!
ANDREW LANGLEY: Haven't had a shower yet?
HATTIE LANGLEY: So am I!
ANDREW LANGLEY: No.
JANINE COHEN: The couple have two children.
Hattie's eight and Isabelle's eleven.
ANDREW LANGLEY: Oh they're best of friends, best of friends. I think Hattie really adores Isabelle. She's looked up to her since she was really, you know as long as I can remember.
(To children) Here you go.
Always imitated Isabelle whenever they were playing.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Okay, table.
ANDREW LANGLEY: They're sisters, they have the best of fights too (laughs), they get on each other's nerves at times.
JANINE COHEN: Do you girls always get along or do you fight sometimes?
HATTIE LANGLEY: We fight a little, but not all the time.
JANINE COHEN: What do you fight about Isabelle?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Um... lots of things.
HATTIE LANGLEY: Like sometimes if Isabelle um, keeps my Barbie box - the Barbie box - open in my room.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: No one even said that you got to keep it anyway.
HATTIE LANGLEY: It's both of ours and I don't like Barbie, so.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: You don't like them?
HATTIE LANGLEY: So you can put it in your room - decision made.
(Girls shake hands)
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Creepy.
(Hattie and Isabelle cleaning their teeth)
JANINE COHEN: Hattie and Isabelle both have bright futures
But one sibling may have a few more challenges than the other .
As one was born a boy.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: There was probably a couple of months where she'd started a conversation with me saying I just feel weird, I don't feel right.
JANINE COHEN: But nothing prepared Naomi for what her son was about to tell her.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Just... yeah said to me... I don't, I don't like my body, I don't feel right in my body. And I said well you know, what do you mean? And I think I started off on a tangent and said oh well you know lots of kids feel that way and um... it's you know normal to feel all weird in your body and your body's growing and all of those sorts of things, completely jumping to the wrong conclusion and she said no I feel like I'm a girl, I'm in the wrong body.
JANINE COHEN: This was within weeks of their son Campbell turning 10.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I just said to my mum that I didn't wanna be boy, I felt like a girl and that I'm sick of living in this body.
JANINE COHEN: Was it making you sad?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: A little.
JANINE COHEN: And how did mum and dad react?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Well my mum was rather calm about it, so was my dad.
ANDREW LANGLEY: I think it is a bit of an emotional roller coaster. I sort of initially my thoughts were for Campbell then, it's oh geez what's life going to deal, um you know... there's just going to be barriers, are these barriers you really going to want to put up with?
NAOMI MCNAMARA: We'd had conversations, Campbell he may end up being gay when he grows up and you know we were kind of prepared for that.
I had these sort of little images of you know standing with a rainbow flag and you know, I was all for it, it was going to be great.
When Isabelle told me that night I sort of... Andrew and I sort of said why couldn't she have just been gay (laughs) it would have been a lot easier than this, at that time that's what we'd sort of felt, and obviously they're two completely separate things.
JANINE COHEN: Campbell was born on 6 June 2003. And from a toddler he always preferred girl's things.
(to Isabelle) Did you ever like boy's things?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Never. My entire life I've used traditional girl's toys.
ANDREW LANGLEY: I love sport, could not get Campbell into sport at all. We had Lego and Matchbox cars had not interest in them. As soon as we're home from anywhere, straight into dress up, straight into either a mermaid tail or a Cinderella dress or fairy wings.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I tried stopping it but I couldn't really.
JANINE COHEN: Did you fight against it for a little while?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I was trying to. I didn't really know there was anything to do about it. I started looking up things.
JANINE COHEN: Where did you look them up?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Just on the internet. I just looked up what to do if you feel like a girl and I found all these websites and they were saying that you're able to get special surgery and that you can actually come out that way and I found some videos too about some other children feeling that way.
HOST: She's here in person, tonight. So say hello to Jazz.
(Sound of applause)
JANINE COHEN: It was American transgender girl Jazz Jennings who made the biggest impression.
JAZZ JENNINGS, TRANSGENDER: Thank you so much, Kids and teens out there, I just want them to know that it is okay to step out of your shadows and just be who you are. Just be true to yourself and express yourself.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: She had tears in her eyes like she just said... oh, you know I'm just so glad I saw that. Like it was, she felt less alone and just came with... just a million questions came out of that for her. Um and she watched it over and over again.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: It's made me realise that there was ways to sort of cope.
JANINE COHEN: And before you saw Jazz, did you not know?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I didn't think there was anything to do about it.
JANINE COHEN: What was it like when you realised you could do something?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I felt very happy then and I told my mum that night.
JANINE COHEN: After the initial high, Isabelle started to get very down.
Children can be most vulnerable between the time of coming out and getting treatment.
ANDREW LANGLEY: It took three or four weeks to go through it but just see how upset she was, she would come home miserable. I don't see a future for myself I remember her saying one night.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: She'd been crying and we'd been having a discussion and she was upset so much at the time at that point in time and she said I just I can't and just whispered like I just can't see what the future looks like for me.
And that was awful (begins to get upset) and that like I just. I think for me that was the point where the confusion kind of melted away a little bit and you just sort of think well God we've only got one job here and this is to help her create a future that she can live with, that she can thrive in and um... yeah.
JANINE COHEN: How hard would it be if you had parents who didn't support you?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: If that actually happened, I'd probably have run away by now, or killed myself.
(Isabelle reading to dad in bed)
Studies show 30 per cent of young people who don't get treatment attempt suicide and 50 per cent self harm.
ANDREW LANGLEY: One of the first things I came across was this high rate of suicide in children who have this issue and I think that put a bit of fear into me and it was like oh well, no, hang on, I've got a happy child. I'm... this can't be.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I love you.
ANDREW LANGLEY: Love you.
I'm not going to do anything that's going to you know make sure she does have a long and happy life.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX, TRANSGENDER: I haven't had an easy life.
(Extract of Paige on X Factor reality TV show)
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: Hi guys how are you going?
RONAN KEATING, JUDGE: Hello.
NATALIE BASSINGTHWAIGHTE, JUDGE: Good. How are you?
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: Very well thank you.
RONAN KEATING: What's your name?
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: My name is Paige Elliott Phoenix.
JANINE COHEN: Paige Elliott Phoenix is a transgender man who came out on X Factor.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: So I'm a female to male transsexual.
RONAN KEATING: Wow, okay.
(Sound of cheering and applause from audience)
JANINE COHEN: What Paige didn't share with the audience that night was his struggle just to survive.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: (singing) I told you if we could fly, because we all have wings and some of us don't know why. I was standing.
(Photographs of Paige as a child)
JANINE COHEN: When Paige was young she didn't know she was transgender.
Back then many of these kids were treated as if they had a mental disorder.
ROB LYONS, DR, PSYCHIATRIST: Psychotherapy was seen as the way of curing um, um and people were put through this process against their will and we all know that psychotherapy against will doesn't work anyway and in fact that process I think scarred a lot of the trans people of the 60s and 70s, and perhaps even 80s.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: Home sweet home.
JANINE COHEN: Backstage, Paige Elliot Phoenix is getting ready to perform at a transgender health conference.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: I know, my secret is out, trans men wear foundation (laughs).
JANINE COHEN: Paige has come a long way since the confusing and traumatic years of his childhood. His parents tried to get their child to conform.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: It started with gentle encouragement to you know to start to conform to which I just bucked massively and then I guess the older I got the more pressure was being applied the more that I rebelled and made life very difficult for my parents.
JANINE COHEN: Since the age of 11, Paige lived in numerous foster homes, shelters and even on the street.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: We couldn't find a way out of it, we couldn't find a way to understand what was happening and my folks just did have the skill set to be able to deal with it.
JANINE COHEN: It wasn't until Paige was 32, after searching the internet, he discovered he was transgender. His parents had no idea.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: If we had known what was going on you know, um, it could have been dealt with really differently. If my parents had of been able to access some support around it, it could have been really different. I honestly believe they did the best they could with what they had.
JANINE COHEN: Seven years ago Paige had chest surgery.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: It's shocking how many people when you consider the stats with the major population how many of our community are in that much pain and suffering that much. For young trans boys of the terror of breasts growing, of a menstrual cycle starting, which you know is just on every level so wrong for them and not natural for them.
JANINE COHEN: Four Corners has spoken to young transgender men, who before treatment, bound their breasts, and even stabbed them.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: We've had very little time to rehearse so we're going to be winging a fair bit of it um.
JANINE COHEN: To help keep his masculine appearance, Paige injects himself every 10 days with testosterone.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: I was a 56 kilogram female, and hairless. I'm now an 85 kilogram bear um (laughs).
ROB LYONS: So a person that transitions on testosterone late will be basically be appearing as your average male within twelve to 18 months and probably would have deepened his voice within three.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: Yeah just stick with your ethereal kind of... what your were doing in rehearsal for... going for that lyric it was great.
JANINE COHEN: Tonight Paige is singing a duet with transgender woman, Coco.
COCO, TRANSGENDER: Bad dress rehearsal means good show?
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: That's right (laughs) let's hope. Let's go beautiful.
COCO: Let's go. Okay. Good luck (kisses).
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: And to you
COCO: Opps lipstick. Yep
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: Alright.
JANINE COHEN: Paige contacted his mother recently hoping for a reunion.
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: The reply was I think the sentence that stuck out was to see you as you are breaks my heart. Yeah so it was like, ouch, okay yep.
And it kind of, I kind of a hit a point with it where I was like yeah you know what holding this... even just holding this space for you and waiting, waiting for you is breaking my heart.
(Paige and Coco on stage singing)
PAIGE ELLIOT PHOENIX: (singing) I changed my face and I changed my name...but no one wants you when you lose…
COCO: (singing) Don't give up, 'cause you have a friend. Don't give up, you're not beaten yet.
JANINE COHEN: Back in Melbourne, Isabelle is making one of her regular visits to the gender clinic at the Royal Children's Hospital.
ANDREW LANGLEY: We're here.
JANINE COHEN: It was here 12 months ago that she was first assessed.
The numbers of children presenting at clinics around Australia have skyrocketed.
MICHELLE TELFER, PAEDIATRICIAN, ROYAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, VIC: So we've had a huge increase in new referrals to the Royal Children's Hospital from one in 2003, to a hundred new referrals just this year. And this is replicated across the western world, so the same numbers are being seen across America, across Europe.
(to Langley family) Oh hello. Come through. Hi Isabelle how are you, you well?
JANINE COHEN: Doctors like Michelle Telfer don't think there's more transgender kids than 10 years ago, they just coming out and accessing treatment much earlier.
MICHELLE TELFER: What's changed is that people are feeling safe to come forward because of social change, but they are also becoming aware that we have treatments that can help them. And that's something that's only been around for about 15 years around the world, and probably only 10 years here in Australia.
JANINE COHEN: It's often difficult to diagnose children before puberty as their gender can be fluid.
MICHELLE TELFER: That's the reason that we don't use any medical interventions until puberty has started because the evidence shows that if you look at the number of children in early childhood who show gender non-conforming behaviour, only about 25 per cent of those children will identify as transgender in adolescence.
JANINE COHEN: Many of the children will later identify as lesbian, gay or bisexual. Some will be heterosexual.
MICHELLE TELFER: Once someone has gone into puberty and I know Isabelle isn't quite there yet, but if she reaches puberty, and she's still identifying strongly as female, we know it's not a phase. There's a 99.5 per cent chance she's going to persist with that female gender identity.
(to Isabelle) So Isabelle do you have any questions for me?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: How do hormone blockers work?
MICHELLE TELFER: That's a very good question.
JANINE COHEN: Isabelle's anxious to start the first stage of her medical treatment - puberty blocking hormones.
MICHELLE TELFER: Now the good thing about the drug is it gives you time to think about what you want to do in the long term, without you having to worry about your voice dropping or getting hairy or any of those sorts of things.
If you decided in a couple of years time, so you are 11 now, say you were 13, 14, or 15 and you thought, you know I don't want to be a female, I'm going to go back to being Campbell, then we can stop the Zoladex.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: That won't happen, trust me (laughs).
MICHELLE TELFER: No, you know what, I don't think that will happen either. But if it does and it's really important to know that you can make this decision if it does happen we can stop this drug and your body goes back to how it would have been with no long term consequences.
JANINE COHEN: Dr Telfer takes regular blood samples so she will know when Isabelle is on the cusp of puberty and ready for blockers.
MICHELLE TELFER: Do you have any more questions about the blockers?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: What was that word called again?
MICHELLE TELFER: This one?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Yeah
MICHELLE TELFER: Gonadotropin-releasing hormones.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
MICHELLE TELFER: Gosh you could get a job here.
(Family laughs)
ISABELLE LANGLEY: It's hard to say.
MICHELLE TELFER: That's fantastic.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: It's almost longer... that's almost longer than Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.
MICHELLE TELFER: Yep almost.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: It's almost longer.
MICHELLE TELFER: Well done.
JANINE COHEN: Ten years ago children like Isabelle didn't have access to this treatment and would have developed masculine features.
MICHELLE TELFER: And testosterone is the hormone that makes someone look like a man, alright. So it makes... gives you a hairy face like your dad, and you get hairy legs and hairy arms...
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Like him again?
(Everyone laughs)
(Assoc Professor Dr Campbell Paul enters consultation)
CAMPBELL PAUL, PSYCHIATRIST, ROYAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL VIC : G'day.
MICHELLE TELFER: Hello Campbell.
ANDREW LANGLEY: How are you?
MICHELLE TELFER: Thanks for coming in and joining us.
CAMPBELL PAUL: Pleasure.
(To Isabelle) How are you?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I'm good.
CAMPBELL PAUL: Good.
JANINE COHEN: Associate Professor Campbell Paul is Isabelle's psychiatrist.
With help from Dr Paul, 10 months ago Isabelle started living completely as a girl.
CAMPBELL PAUL: So are all the other kids using Isabelle or..?
(Isabelle nods)
JANINE COHEN: Before children are given puberty blocking treatment they're assessed by at least five doctors.
CAMPBELL PAUL: The process for the assessment is very rigorous. There is a team of us that are involved um, and in the first instance it's a psychiatrist and an adolescent physician or an endocrinologist and we get a detailed assessment from the family.
(Dr Telfer weighs and measures Isabelle)
MICHELLE TELFER: Alright just jump on here,
As doctors, every decision we make on a clinical basis is about weighing up the risks versus the benefits. And in this case what we have is a risk of self-harm and suicide that is extremely high, and yet a risk of regret that is very small.
MICHELLE TELFER: We'll do your height next, good girl. That's it.
JANINE COHEN: Until recently Isabelle and her family would have been legally bound to go to the Family Court to get approval for puberty blockers.
That all changed after another family took on the court.
JAMIE, TRANSGENDER: I know how, how hard it is was, how stressful it was for my parents and how much work it was and I am just so thankful to them for going through all that for me and for all the kids who are transsexual who now don't have to go to court for that.
JANINE COHEN: The Family Court forbids the identification of all children and their families who go before it.
For this reason, Four Corners has gone to great lengths to disguise Jamie and her mother using facial prosthetics and digitally altering their voices.
JAMIE: I don't want to be pixelated cause that would kind of be like I'm ashamed and I'm not ashamed. I just need, just my identity is private for the moment.
JAMIE: Hi.
ALISON: Hello love.
JAMIE: How's your day?
ALISON: It was lovely how was yours?
(Jamie and mother embrace)
JANINE COHEN: Jamie's family challenged the Family Court's jurisdiction to approve medical treatment of transgender children.
ALISON: Did you get your assignment in?
JAMIE: Yes.
ALISON: Good.
JANINE COHEN: From the time he could walk, Jamie never identified as anything else but a girl.
JAMIE: It was very gradual cause at the start I was just wearing girly dress ups at my house and then I would go outside in the wide world just as a boy, but gradually I started to change things a bit like growing my hair longer, trying to wear boy's clothes in a girlish way.
JANINE COHEN: Primary school was terrible.
JAMIE: The teachers didn't understand. There were some really mean kids.
ALISON: I think school became very difficult for her because school is very gendered and to have to fit into the role of a boy was extremely difficult for her. She would come home from school saying 'Mum I go to school disguised as a boy and it's so hard trying to be a boy'.
And that language is very indicative of the deep understanding of herself as female. When she was around about seven she started to say suicidal things.
JANINE COHEN: Like what?
ALISON: Um, I wish I was dead. Essentially, and that's a devastating thing to hear as a parent of a child whose very young so we knew that it was time to really do something.
JANINE COHEN: Until the talk of suicide, Alison thought her child may have just been going through a phase.
Now, she knew she had to do more to help her.
ALISON: I love her with every fibre of my being. She's very insightful, she's very clear, she's not precocious so I believe her and I've believed her all along that she's needed to do this. It's been difficult but because she is so true to herself she needed at least one person to have her back and because she is the amazing person that she is she's got way more than one person.
(Jamie singing at piano)
JAMIE: Pretty, pretty please don't you ever ever feel that your less than, less than perfect.
JANINE COHEN: Watching her daughter's back, has come at a cost.
ALISON: I did come across other parents at the first Primary School who were outraged by my support of Jamie.
JANINE COHEN: Why?
ALISON: Ah I think they thought that I was doing it to her, for I don't know what reason um... perhaps they thought that I had wanted a daughter, um... and that's not the case.
JANINE COHEN: How natural does it feel to be a girl?
JAMIE; Very natural. The same as you would feel being a girl 'cause you just are a girl and there's nothing else to it.
JANINE COHEN: What would your life be like if you couldn't be who you are?
JAMIE: It would be very dark, very bleak and very short.
JANINE COHEN: Short?
JAMIE: Yeah, very short.
(Jamie and Alison clothes shopping)
ALISON: Jamie. These ones.
JAMIE: Oh yeah. That's awesome.
ALISON: I love that.
JAMIE: Its cute.
ALISON: That's gorgeous.
JANINE COHEN: Three years ago, Jamie needed puberty blocking treatment.
Her mother was alarmed to learn it would cost about $30,000 to go to the Family Court to get approval for it.
JAMIE: Ah hah look at that.
JANINE COHEN: Australia is the only jurisdiction in the world that requires a court to approve these treatments.
ALISON: Unfortunately, that's created a really, really awful situation for young people who are transgender and it means that a lot of children are not able to access treatment in good time or even before they're 18 because they simply can't get access to lawyers and justice.
ALISON: It's a lovely colour.
JAMIE: It is.
ALISON: Isn't it?
JANINE COHEN: At the time blood tests showed that Jamie was very close to puberty and her voice was about to break.
ALISON: What do you think?
JAMIE: It's actually pretty good.
ALISON: That's actually really nice isn't it?
JANINE COHEN: To protect Jamie, her mother didn't tell her how close she was to physically changing.
Michelle Telfer recently became Jamie's Paediatrician.
MICHELLE TELFER: Her puberty caused significant distress, significant. And starting the puberty blockers for Jamie was a form of medical emergency for her, because she knew that once her voice broke she could never get by in a body that's congruent with her female gender identity.
ALISON: Perfect colour isn't it?
JANINE COHEN: In the mean time unable to find the money for court, Alison went begging to law firms to act free on their behalf.
One agreed.
ALISON: Otherwise I do not know what we would have done. We are not wealthy people and we could not have afforded it. If that's the case then your child misses out on treatment that's going to improve their lives incredibly and going to give them a future that they can happily walk into rather than a future that they're scared of and that they don't want.
MICHELLE TELFER: Unfortunately what the consequences of these decisions have been is that it's affected those who aren't in the court. So the rest of the transgender population as a whole who can't get access to the court process. And what it has done is increased the morbidity and the mortality associated with gender dysphoria by decreasing access to treatment.
JANINE COHEN: The court decided Jamie, who was 11 at the time, could have puberty blockers.
But the judge said she couldn't determine now what would be in Jamie's best interests in six years time when she would need the second stage of treatment - cross changing hormones.
ALISON: We had requested that both stages of treatment be awarded at the same time and that second stage was not granted. We thought that was unfair because it meant that we would have to go back to court twice for the same diagnosis and the same treatment regime.
JANINE COHEN: Jamie's family appealed against this decision.
They also challenged the court's jurisdiction arguing both stages of treatment should be decision of the child, their parents and doctors.
Diana Bryant, the Chief Justice of the Family Law Court of Australia, sat on the appeal case known as Re Jamie.
DIANA BRYANT, AO, CHIEF JUSTICE FAMILY COURT OF AUSTRALIA: Prior to the decision in Re Jamie court authorisation was required for what's commonly known as both stages of the treatment.
JANINE COHEN: The appeal was partially successful. Children would no longer have to go to court for puberty blockers.
But to obtain the second stage of treatment the court would have to establish that the teenager was capable of informed consent known as Gillick competency.
DIANA BRYANT: It relates to the child's capacity in a holistic and psychosocial way to give informed consent to the treatment so that in these kind of cases you'd want to be satisfied that the child concerned was aware of all of the problems, the risks, the dangers, you would want to know that the child was psychologically in a position where they could make these kind of decisions.
JANINE COHEN: Many doctors and families are not happy that young people, who will be about 16 at the time, must still go to court. This time to establish their ability to consent to treatment.
MICHELLE TELFER: I don't think going back to court is a good thing at all. I don't think it is necessary to be honest.
JAMIE: I don't think it's necessary that we have to go back to the court so they can decide if I'm Gillick competent 'cause that's just up to the parents and doctors I think. They would make... they will make just a good a decision as anybody even better 'cause they're experts.
JANINE COHEN: For things to change, there would have to be a test case to the full bench of the Family Court and then to the High Court.
The Chief Justice told Four Corners she's keen to see this happen.
DIANA BRYANT: Well look I'd like to see the High Court have the opportunity to examine these kinds of cases, these gender identity cases and to decide whether or not the court has to be involved at all.
JANINE COHEN: But for now the chief justice is prepared to consult with doctors about the costs and the process.
DIANA BRYANT: I am confident that we can put in place a process which will be easily manageable and will not be expensive for parties to be able to come to court and get a decision about capacity to consent.
JANINE COHEN: Jamie's now in high school and no one knows her history. She's just another girl in class.
DIANA BRYANT: I think society is changing about these issues as well, and I think it is important to remember that I think from what we've seen it's completely innate and when you read all the psychiatric reports and all the reports about how it affects a young person, it... it is undoubtedly innate.
JANINE COHEN: It's been 15 months since Isabelle came out to her parents.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Sometimes people treat me different when they find out I'm transgender.
JANINE COHEN: Do you look forward to one just being yourself and not having to have those conversations and just being a girl?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I do have those days sometimes but not often, I don't often go through a day where I don't have to... really do something that involves it.
JANINE COHEN: Isabelle faces a lifetime of hormone treatment. At 18 she hopes to take another big step.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Well by then I can get a sex change which is an operation where they like flip the penis inside out, it turns into a vagina.
JANINE COHEN: Is that important to have?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I could probably wear a lot more suitable girls clothes, 'cause it gets a bit of a problem cause they, like bathers and things like that 'cause I always have to wear a little skirt thing with bathers.
JANINE COHEN: There's no doubt that Naomi and Andrew love their daughter.
But they haven't forgotten that they once had a son.
(Andrew and Naomi watching a home video)
ANDREW LANGLEY: I remember her as Campbell. It's um...
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Yeah.
ANDREW LANGLEY: It's interesting looking at old photos. I... you see... you know it's Isabelle but I see her as Campbell and I think of he - Campbell's, the little baby we had.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Yeah, and I feel a little bit sad. Like, I don't know... It's weird. I don't miss a son or anything like that... I think I see... I just feel sad for the...
ANDREW LANGLEY: We've still got her but yeah, you do... you grieve, you grieve for the son.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: I don't think I do.
ANDREW LANGLEY: Well, I reckon.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Do you?
ANDREW LANGLEY: Oh I miss Campbell but I know it's Isabelle.
And it's hard doing this because Isabelle doesn't like seeing old footage of herself or old photos or having old photos up so..
NAOMI MCNAMARA: No, yeah.
I think she's more herself now than she's ever been and um... yeah I'm so grateful for that.
(To Isabelle) Right, Isabelle you ready?
JANINE COHEN: A year ago, Isabelle decided she was ready to come out at school.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: She 'd bottled it up herself for so many years that now she'd told us she thought... she was just like right we've got to you know, we've get it moving, we've got to get it happening.
(To Isabelle) Give me a hug. See ya. Have a good day, see you in a bit later okay?
HATTIE LANGLEY: Come on.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: Isabelle was very keen to tell the school and I said, you know, I want you to wait, it's too early yet.
DAVID PELOSI, PRINCIPAL, ALEXANDRA PRIMARY SCHOOL: Isabelle walked into my office one day and sat down and had a chat and it turned out that wanted to have a meeting with me, um, with mum and dad.
NAOMI MCNAMARA: And I got home from work the next day and she said to me I've organised a meeting at school and you're invited (laughs) it's like, well, thanks - that's great.
DAVID PELOSI: When Isabelle arranged that meeting, I hadn't come across anything like this before, I was quite emotional about it, but I felt I had to be strong for Isabelle and the information that she was giving.
JANINE COHEN: Do you mean teary, like you were that affected?
DAVID PELOSI: Yeah I think so, particularly with the way that Isabelle was brave enough to say what she thought.
JANINE COHEN: Slowly Isabelle started changing her appearance at school wearing her hair longer and girl's trousers.
This confused kids and they started to tease her.
(to Isabelle) And you been teased quite a bit hadn't you?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: I counted up to 10 times a day, sometimes even more.
JANINE COHEN: And what sort of things would they say to you?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Well they would say, the most common one was are you a boy or are you a girl and sometimes they'd... sometimes people would say that I'm just, that I'm, how do I explain it, I'm not sure how to say it, 'cause they did use a bit of a bad word and I don't wanna say that one but um...
JANINE COHEN: Tell me what they meant without saying the bad word?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: They said to me I still had a penis whether or not I dress up in girls' clothes, that one offended me a lot.
JANINE COHEN: Isabelle decided to write a letter to all 200 students at her country school.
(Isabelle reading letter)
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Hello everyone I'm a transgender child. This means I have a girl's brain inside a boy's body. This has got harder and harder for me the last five years.
JANINE COHEN: What was in the letter and what was the point of it?
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Um to get people to understand who I am and to allow me to be myself at school and be able to go out in public in the clothes I wanted and to stop, to stop anyone teasing me.
TEACHER: Okay that was just to get your memory going a little bit about the concert. People who...
DAVID PELOSI: For an individual of her age to come forward and divulge that sort of information is I think incredible. To follow that up with a letter that was really an experience that even parents have come forward and one parent actually wrote how every time she read, and she read it several times, she teared up and you know took her hat off and had a conversation with her son about it and being brave and sticking up for Isabelle should anything untoward come about with this. So it really had a powerful effect on not just us from a staff point of view, but as a school and a community.
JANINE COHEN: After the letter, the teasing stopped and Isabelle started to get on with life as a girl.
DAVID PELOSI: Ah, I've certainly seen some changes in Isabelle since she transitioned, when she first arrived at our school, which was three years ago now, she often kept to herself, very much her own person, but now I've seen her branch out into greater friendships.
Since kids have known, they've been more accepting of who she is.
ANDREW LANGLEY: We were just overwhelmed with support, getting stopped by people I had no idea who they were in the supermarket, just... you know, we got Campbell's letter, just to know we've got your support. Our phone was ringing off the hook.
(Paige and Coco singing on stage)
PAIGE PHOENIX ELLIOTT: When times get rough, you can fall back on us...
JANINE COHEN: It can be a tough road for transgender people who are trying to be true to themselves.
COCO: (singing) Don't give up.
JANINE COHEN: But for most it would be much tougher to stay in the shadows and do nothing.
PAIGE PHOENIX ELLIOTT: Sometimes it can be quite a journey to develop the courage to be able to self-support and put yourself out there as you are, especially if you're different to everybody else. Um, but that difference makes you even more beautiful.
MICHELLE TELFER: The courage that someone must have to go through all of that and still want to pursue being who they feel they are, I just think that's something to be admired.
ISABELLE LANGLEY: Well if you don't be yourself, you're going to be miserable for your whole life.
KERRY O'BRIEN: On the one hand this is an enormously uplifting story, but it has a downside.
The assessments required in supporting transgender children involve multi-disciplinary diagnosis and the resources around Australia simply do not match the demand.
Just contemplate for a moment that you're a parent with a deeply-troubled transgender child, you know there's a solution out there but you can't access it - not good.
YOUTH HELPLINES
QLife Australia | Australia's first nationally-oriented counselling and referral service for people of diverse sex, genders and sexualities | 1800 184 527 (daily 5:30pm - 10:30pm) | www.qlife.org.au
Kids Helpline | 1800 55 1800
Headspace | 1800 650 890 | www.eheadspace.org.au
TRANSGENDER SUPPORT SERVICES
Gender Clinic Royal Children's Hospital | 03 93455890
Dr Elizabeth Riley | Specialist in Gender Identity | Counselling Sessions: West Ryde | Mobile: 0412 880 376 | Counselling@peoplesmart.net.au | Website: www.PeopleSmart.net.au
Dr Andrew Kennedy or Dr Kasia Kozlowska | Adolescent Medicine | Westmead Hospital | 02 98456788 | Children Hospital at Westmead response to the program
Dr Rob Lyons | Psychiatrist | 08 84316244
Nurse Coordinator | WA Paediatric Gender Diversity Service | Tuesdays and Wednesdays | 0457 569 059
Freedom Centre WA | Phone (08) 9482 0000 or (08) 9228 0354 | email: info@freedom.org.au | www.freedom.org.au
Contact your GP or
Pine Rivers Child and Youth Mental Health | For a specialist referral | Children's Health Queensland | 07 3817-6380
Dr Tuck Meng Soo | Dr Nick Hamilton | Airport General Practice | 02 62482600
Dr Lisa Watson | Waramanga Medical Centre | 02 62482600
Dr Jason Westwater | Child & adolescent psychiatrist | Clare House |03 62338612
Sisters and Brothers | 0487898611
Transcend | Transcend is a grassroots support network for parents of transgender children | info@transcendsupport.com.au | www.transcendsupport.com.au
Safe Schools Coalition | Works with schools to ensure that the needs of students who transition gender are met and supports school staff in the development of gender diversity and sexual diversity | 03 9670 5436 | safeschools@fya.org.au | www.safeschoolscoalition.org.au
The Gender Centre NSW | (02) 9569 2366 | reception@gendercentre.org.au | www.gendercentre.org.au
Carmen Rupe Memorial Trust | www.facebook.com/carmenrupe.memorialtrust | kmg@carmenrupe.org | www.carmenrupe.org
National L.G.B.T.I. Health Alliance | (02) 8568 1123 | info@lgbtihealth.org.au | www.lgbtihealth.org.au/contact
Sisters and Brothers NT | 0487 898611
Cairns Kids Safe Haven | (07) 4226 4769 | www.cairskidssafehaven.com
Rainbow Program | Relationships Australia | (07) 3423 6869 | www.raq.org.au
Ygender | Ygender is a peer led social support and advocacy group based in Melbourne | www.ygender.org.au
Transgender Victoria | Dedicated to achieving justice, equity and quality health and community service provision for transgender people, their partners, families and friends | www.transgendervictoria.com
Minus18 | Minus18 is Australia's largest youth-led charity for LGBT youth, supporting more than 100,000 young people each year through social events, resources and online networking | www.minus18.org.au
ANZPATH | 08 84316244 | anzpath@me.com | www.anzpath.org
Working It Out Tasmania | (03) 6334 4013 | www.workingitout.org.au
Freedom Centre | (08) 9228 0354 | info@freedom.org.au | www.freedom.org.au
True Colours | 1300 663 298 | mail@truecolours.org.au | truecolours@unitingcarewest.org.au | www.truecolours.org.au
From Blues to Rainbows | The mental health and well-being of gender diverse and transgender young people in Australia | La Trobe University and University of New England | September, 2014
Gender is not Uniform | A campaign aimed at supporting gender diversity in schools through inclusive uniforms and challenging transphobia | Safe Schools Coalition, Victoria
Growing up Queer | Issues Facing Young Australians Who Are Gender Variant and Sexuality Diverse | Cooperative Research Centre | 2013
To treat or not to treat: legal responses to transgender young people | Association of Family and Conciliation Courts 51st annual conference | May 2014
The Health and Well-Being of Transgender High School Students | Results From the New Zealand Adolescent Health Survey (Youth'12) | Journal of Adolescent Health | November, 2013
Sexual Orientation, Sex & Gender Identity | Australian Human Rights Commission | Regularly Updated
Private Lives 2 Report | The second national survey of the health and wellbeing of GLBT Australians | 2012
How many trans* people are there? | A 2011 update incorporating new data | Universities of Hong Kong and Michigan | 2011
Writing Themselves In | The third national study on the sexual health and wellbeing of same sex attracted and gender questioning young people | 2010
Injustice at every turn | A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey the National Center for Transgender Equality | USA
Family Court Chief Justice calls for rethink on how High Court handles cases involving transgender children | ABC News | 17 November, 2014
The White Paper | In this issue of White Paper, we shift our focus to gender | Radio National | 26 September, 2014
Reaching out to the Indigenous transgender community | Gay News Network | 11 November, 2014
It's time for the transgender talk, Australia | The Drum | 22 October, 2014
Insight: Transgender | Aired on 17 September 2013 on SBS ONE
AOL's 'True Trans' Series Explores Coming Out And Transition As A Trans Person | Huffington Post | 16 November, 2014
Transgender Day of Rememberance | Observing the Transgender Day of Remembrance, November 20 | Huffington Post | November, 2014
Transgender Model Lea T Lands Major Beauty Contract | Marie Clare | November, 2014
Jazz Jennings has written I am Jazz for transgender children like herself | News.com.au | October, 2014
Three Australia states move to scrap trans divorce laws | Gay Star News | 16 October, 2014
Changing the way the media represents transgender people | The Guardian, UK | September, 2014
How should we talk about transgender issues? | TEDTalks | March, 2014
Call Me Cate | Lt Col. Cate McGregor AM is the most high profile individual in Australia to 'come out' as a transgendered person | Australian Story | February 2014
How I help transgender teens be who they want to be | TEDTalks | November, 2013
Born this way: gender identity | All in the Mind | November, 2012
Transgender health: the important role of GPs | Life Matters | August, 2012
I am Claire: My Transgender Spiritual Diary | The Spirit of Things | October, 2012
The Gender Puzzle | The scientific world may be on the cusp of discovering the origins of gender | 25 July, 2005
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A husband and wife team need your help to bring a taste of Tring to gin aficionados everywhere.
Ben and Kate Marston, of New Mill Terrace, Tring, hope to raise £20,000 from a crowdfunding campaign to make their Puddingstone Distillery project in Wilstone a reality early next year.
Their Campfire Gin will initially be available as a bold 42 per cent London dry version followed by navy strength and cask-aged varieties, while plans for seasonal gins using local botanicals are also in the pipeline.
Graphic designer Kate said: "We came up with name Puddingstone because we wanted it to have some connection to the area.
"I did a lot of research on it and found out that people historically used Hertfordshire puddingstone to ward off evil spirits, so we thought that fitted with the gin theme, with it being a spirit.
The Marstons are asking people to pledge what they can to the online campaign, which ends in 17 days.
Supporters will received a special signed and numbered bottle of Campfire Gin and their name engraved onto a plaque in the distillery.


Deliciously addictive milk chocolates with rich honeycomb crisp. One bite and you will be hooked!
170g Butlers Honeycomb Crisp Chocolates Ingredients: Sugar, whole milk powder, cocoa butter, honeycomb 11% (sugar, glucose syrup, brown sugar, raising agent: sodium bicarbonate), cocoa mass, crisp rice 4% (rice flour, sugar, malt extract (gluten), salt, stabiliser: calcium carbonate, rapeseed oil, emulsifiers: glycerol monostearate and soya lecithin), emulsifier: soya lecithin, natural flavouring. (Milk chocolate contains: 32% cocoa solids minimum, 20% milk solids minimum). Please store in a cool, dry and odourless place. For best before date, please see side/base of box. There is no alcohol in this selection, which contains 18 chocolates.This product may contain nut traces.


This is always a good Bike Night. People like hanging out at The Hudsons and having a good time. Beartooth Harley has brought some nice prizes we have been giving away every week. See you at Hudson's tonight 6pm to 9pm there will be live music from The Seventh Ave Band.


I am in awe of the fact that you managed to force in MRAs and white people into that. Real objective.
Oh, and "pretending to play Magic?" Some people have different ideas of fun.
In all honesty though, I really like most of your writing. I just wish you put a little more effort into challenging your own assumptions.


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Cyberattack on Sony Pictures could create possible legal issues
On behalf of Law Offices of Barry K. Rothman posted in Entertainment Law on Monday, December 8, 2014.
Just as consumers clamored for answers after the cyberattack on Target's computer system, so too may employees at Sony Pictures whose information was released recently due to similar cyberattacks. Some of our Los Angeles readers may have already heard about the attack that is believed to have been the work of North Korea, which has "repeatedly complained" about the plot of the movie "The Interview" because it jokes around with the idea of assassinating the country's 31-year-old leader.
The cyberattack is said to have brought Sony to a standstill as it not only deleted numerous files from Sony's systems but attackers also released untold amounts of data to the Internet, including personal employee information as well as unreleased films.
On top of the criminal aspect of this attack, there is another piece to this case that may be apparent to our readers as it has a lot to do with entertainment law.
As you can imagine, the release of not-yet-released films can result in considerable loss of revenue, something Sony relies on heavily to fulfill its end of contractual obligations with writers, producers and other entities within the entertainment industry. This could create contractual disputes, possibly even raising concerns about liability as well.
This attack may also raise concerns about Internet privacy and how the attack could affect the integrity of a person's intellectual property rights. It's entirely possible that the breach could open the door to copyright infringement, which could then lead to complex civil lawsuits down the road.
Because of the recentness of the attack, it's unclear if litigation could be in Sony's future or how such cases would be handled. The hope though is that the Sony addresses the challenge head on and is willing to seek a reasonable resolution if and when the time comes.
Source: The Washington Post, "Sony Pictures hack appears to be linked to North Korea, investigators say," Ellen Nakashima et al, Dec. 3, 2014
Tags: Entertainment Law, Internet privacy, intellectual property
Related Posts: Public figures and defamation: a whole new ballgame, Celebrity lawsuit puts focus on defamation specifics, defenses, Eminem's New Zealand lawsuit renews interest in copyright, Smaller theaters take on "800-pound gorilla" in antitrust lawsuit
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The final event of the year will be the ultimate sign-off for a year of transformation . This iconic Spartan event has become a highlight on the international Spartan calendar, attracting racers from around the world. Alpine terrain, an elevation profile like a Donald Trump lie detector reading, and a town packed with amazing bars, cafes, restaurants, and shops. Bright will be a worthy curtain fall to an unforgettable year of Spartan racing. Get ready to take on Mystic Mountain one more time.
Get ready to transform yourself! Prepare to run through mud, swim over dams, leap over fires, and scramble over obstacles. Spartan Race is coming to you November 17th-18th.
From our shorter Sprint to the obstacle manic Ultra, we have a race and a challenge for all fitness levels. Pick the distance that suits you, and begin your Spartan Transformation!
Whether you're a returning racer, or new to Spartan, 2018 is the year we commit to transformation, overcome our obstacles, and achieve our potential. Haven't run a Spartan Race before? Commit to the Sprint and transform yourself into a Spartan! If you're coming back for more in 2018, then step it up a notch! The Spartan family will stick with you every step of the way.
Life should be spontaneous, it should be exciting, but sometimes we get stuck in the mundane. No matter what your goals, you must accept a challenge and embrace the road to transformation in order to achieve your potential. And that's why Spartan exists. We provide the challenge. You break the mould.


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Coworking LIZINE By CBo Territoria in Saint-Pierre
Posté le 14 February 2019
CBo Territoria inaugurates its 3rd Coworking space, LIZINE, in Saint-Pierre. By extending its concept to the south of Reunion Island, the company is strengthening its leadership. Now present in the north, west and south, LIZINE is establishing itself as the country's leading network of shared and collaborative workspaces.
A growing presence in the country
In 2016, CBo Territoria inaugurated the Coworking space in the La Mare Business District in Sainte-Marie. Then came Savanna's, launched in 2017 in St. Paul. Today, it is a 3rd Coworking site that the company has launched in the district of Grands Bois in Saint-Pierre, in the south of La Réunion. Thus, CBo Territoria is extending its activity to almost all the cardinal points of the island.
LIZINE Grand Bois in Saint-Pierre, a new emblematic space for Coworking
This new space is also the largest on Reunion Island at present. With its 900 m² of surface area, it even beats the one at La Mare in Sainte-Marie. However, the latter will be entitled to an important extension this year. Indeed, the creation of an Innovation Hub is planned for 2019. LIZINE Grand Bois is set to be a real iconic space in the Coworking landscape.
An ecosystem that generates performance and business
LIZINE By CBo Territoria aims to meet the needs of small and large companies, as well as entrepreneurs, nomadic workers and the self-employed. For this purpose, this location offers shared workspaces at attractive rates. In addition, there is also an ecosystem that generates performance and business. Moreover, this Coworking space has set up a program of animations of its spaces which represents an important lever of performance.
A new workplace concept to optimize performance
This new Coworking space in Grands Bois offers 3 types of workspace rentals. It will have 20 resident offices, an open space with 14 workstations and 2 equipped meeting rooms. In addition, two access modes are available.
Residents: 24/7 secure access with a minimum rental period of 3 months for individual offices,
Nomads: access during opening hours with a temporary rental for half a day, daytime, with a book of 10 tickets.
Each coworker will benefit from a shared equipment with internet connection, printer, photocopier, video projector and videoconference equipment. It will also be possible to use the administrative services (for an additional fee). The common areas include a kitchenette, a rest room, a shower, a brainstorming area, among others.
Encourage networking
The LIZINE Grand Bois space will also benefit from a programme of events for the coworking community. This should lead to the creation of a network (business angels, breakfasts, afterwork…) and the learning of best practices (training sessions, exchange of experience…). Taking into account the 3rd site inaugurated in Saint-Pierre, LIZINE now covers 2,190 m². 310 workstations, 55 individual offices, 40 open-space workstations and 5 meeting rooms for a total of 300 people.
LIZINE By CBo Territoria is a partner of Digital Réunion French Tech, Qualitropic (tropical bioeconomy cluster), MEDEF, CPME (Confederation of SMEs in Reunion), and VACOA Accelerator.
Related Items:Featured, Reunion Island
Made in Moris: innovation with a Mauritian twist
MARS fibre optic cable goes into service


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Mount Calvin ist ein  hoher Berg, der sich etwa 6,5 km südöstlich des Pilon Peak im südlichen Teil der zu den Concord Mountains gehörigen Everett Range im ostantarktischen Viktorialand befindet.

Er wurde durch Vermessungsarbeiten des United States Geological Survey und mithilfe von Luftaufnahmen der United States Navy zwischen 1960 und 1963 kartografisch erfasst. Benannt ist er nach Leutnant Calvin Luther Larsen (1927–2007) von der US-Navy, Navigator und Verantwortlicher für Luftaufnahmen bei der Fliegerstaffel VX-6 im Rahmen der Operation Deep Freeze im Jahr 1969, der bereits 1957 auf der Station Little America V überwintert hatte. Das Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names verwendete dessen Vornamen, um Verwechselungen mit anderen geografischen Objekten mit dem Bezeichnung "Larsen" zu vermeiden.

Weblinks
  (englisch)
 Mount Calvin auf geographic.org (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Berg im Transantarktischen Gebirge
Concord Mountains

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Undertones
The Undertones emerged from Derry in 1976, the result of five friends learning how to play basic rock and roll. Even by the standards of that decade Derry was not the rock and roll capital of anywhere. With no live bands worth watching,they learned by listening to mail order records, reading one of the few copies of NME that made it to Derry but most of all from listening to John Peel's wonderful show on BBC Radio One.
Practicingin their bedrooms eventually led to the band recording 'Teenage Kicks' in 1978 on Terri Hooley's Good Vibrations label in Belfast. The legendary DJ John Peel received a copy and liked it so much he played it twice in a row on his radio show.
The Undertones signed with Sire Records and 'Teenage Kicks' was re-released, resulting in the band's first appearance on Top Of The Pops. Over the next five years, John O Neill, his younger brother Damian, Feargal Sharkey, Billy Doherty and Michael Bradley crafted further numerous punkpop gems such as `Here Comes The Summer`, 'Jimmy Jimmy`, `My Perfect Cousin`, `You've Got My Number (Why Don't You Use It)' and 'Wednesday Week'. They also recorded four highly acclaimed LPs. Indeed, they almost enjoyed the life of professional musicians. In 1983 Feargal Sharkey left the band to pursue a solo career and the remaining members decided to call it a day. The Undertones were to remain silent for the next sixteen years.
In 1999 The Undertones reconvened, without Feargal Sharkey, to once again perform their two-minute, three and a half chord songs to a new generation of fans in Derry. Fellow Derryman Paul McLoone replaced Sharkey on vocals and his vocal prowess and electric onstage presence soon convinced any doubters that he was more than capable of doing the job.
After much consideration the band released an album of new songs called `Get What You Need', which was critically acclaimed by Q magazine, Uncut, Rolling Stone and Hot Press. Songs like 'Thrill Me', 'I Need Your Love The Way It Used To Be' and 'Everything But You' showed that the art of writing short, sharp songs had not been lost over the previous two decades.
In 2003 'Thrill Me' was released as a limited edition 7" vinyl single and found its way to John Peel's turntable. He introduced it on his show commenting, "And these are words I thought I would never be saying on radio again, a new single from The Undertones". He liked it so much he played it twice, just as he did with 'Teenage Kicks' in 1978.
In 2007 the band recorded and released another collection of pop nuggets under the title "Dig Yourself Deep" on the Cooking Vinyl label. The LP was described by Allmusic as 'a true return to the classic sound of The Undertones'. Both 'Get What You Need' and 'Dig Yourself Deep' had their digital release in December 2011.
The story of 'Teenage Kicks' was at the heart of the film 'Good Vibrations' in 2012, which told the story of Terri Hooley and his record label. The band found themselves being portrayed by five young actors who did their best with the Derry accent. Since signing a licensing deal with Union Square Music, the four original LPs, 'The Undertones', 'Hypnotised', 'The Positive Touch' and 'The Sin Of Pride' have been available in digital and physical form, all with additional tracks and videos.
The band marked Record Store Day 2013 with a 7" vinyl only release, recorded in the famous Toe Rag studio in London. A return to their punk roots, 'Much Too Late' sold out the 1,000 copies before the day was out.
2015 was one of the most successful and enjoyable so far, with shows across Europe and around the UK in front of appreciative and wildly enthusiastic devotees.
2016 will mark the band's 40th Anniversary. This will be celebrated with a variety of scorching live performances at festivals and venues throughout the world along with some very special record releases.
Check the website for more details and regular updates www.theundertones.com or facebook.com/OfficialTheUndertones


A man was driving through a village when some kids broke his windshield with stones. He got down to chase them and that turned out to be the worst decision ever. He caught one of the kids but the other got away.
The villages saw him and started shouting that he kidnaped a child and things escalated from there. He was beaten beyond recognition and that eventually lead to his death. Although he did not die on the spot, something terrible happened afterwards. He escaped with the help of the police but it was too late.
They took him to a hospital where they operated on him but he died from post surgery complications couples internal wounds from the beaten.
Nicki Minaj " Mi body riiight. Punani tiiight".


Attended a farm wedding on a quail farm in Springfield last weekend. Simply beautiful setting for a wedding! One of the perks of hitting this elder status stuff is watching the young people at a wedding.


08 sheena & the rokkets - lemon tea - 12"
14 sheena & the rokkets - omaega hosii - my girlfriend was a punk!
10/8 (sat) Makoto Ayukawa DeeJay@"BLACK LEATHER RIOT vol.4"
12/9 (thu) Sheena & The Rokkets @ "ROCK! ROCK! ROCK!"
Kopyright(K) 1996-2003 Sheena & the Rokkets All Rights Reserved.


Welcome to Breast Cancer Care & Research Fund. We have created this site specifically for people who are living with breast cancer, are survivors or have been touched in some way by the disease. We aim to educate you about breast cancer, bring you the latest news on research and treatments, and help you become an advocate.
Amazon's charitable program, Amazon Smile, will donate to us every time you shop and it won't cost you a cent. It will be the same selection, price and shipping options as with Amazon. Just visit smile.amazon.com and type in "Breast Cancer Care & Research Fund" as the charity you wish to support. Amazon will remember your choice in the future. Thank you for your support!


text:
Client gains employment during covid lockdown
While Suited for Success was closed during the Covid-19 lockdown it was great to hear from one of our clients who got in touch to say she had successfully gained employment as a support worker for a large charity in Birmingham.
We met Pam Quailey 12 months ago at the job club we run in Ladywood every Wednesday supporting people into employment. She had left her long career in social services to become a carer for her father until he passed in 2018. Suited for Success supported Pam to regain her confidence to return to employment.
Pam talks to us about her journey:
I lost my self-worth
"After a long career as a social worker I took a career break from September 2014 to be a full-time carer for my dad who was diagnosed with Dementia. After my father passed away at the end of 2018, I felt lost, out of sync not knowing where or who to turn to in an attempt to revive my career and self-worth as a human being. In January 2019 I was signposted to the Ladywood Job Club where I met Patricia (Suited for Success, CEO).
Overwhelmed and anxious
"I felt overwhelmed and anxious with the thought of going back to work full-time so I spoke to Patricia about exploring the option of volunteering first using my social work experience. I was introduced to Trident Reach the charity where I joined as a volunteer supporting young people and their needs.
"While volunteering I attended workshop days at Suited for Success to build up my confidence and prepare for employment. I lacked confidence and didn't believe in myself.
"However, after attending interview coaching and mock interview appointments at Suited for Success my thought process changed dramatically. I was taught how to think logically, instil positive thoughts about my past experiences and transfer my skills.
Feeling part of society again
"Eventually I applied for a full-time position at Trident Reach and after an interview on 24th March 2020 I successfully got the job.
I am truly blessed and grateful to Patricia and her team at Suited for Success for their dedication and giving back my self-worth in society again."


Opportunity for all. That could be the slogan the MGM Springfield is pushing for with the development of its $800 million casino project.
House Speaker Greg Stumbo to push a casino bill in the 2016 General Assembly starting next January.
So it's set. The NCAA men's basketball tournament is down to four teams—the kind of Final Four that many would've predicted.
Kentucky Wildcats and Wisconsin Badgers move in the Final Four.
Kentucky Lottery CEO writes letter to Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell asking him to oppose Restoration of America's Wire Act.
Mike Wilson pre filed an anti online gambling bill to stop cyber cafes from taking business away from charitable gaming establishments.


My favorite thing is to meet somebody and try to figure out, not only how they live and what they connect to but more importantly how they want to live. Both the couple and the guests had a great time listening to them. However, my number one answer is my grandmother who passed, who I actually grew up with.
We go back and forth between here and New York, but I think L. Let me tell you, you should have it. Did you enjoy this feature? You really want to understand who they are. Nate and I made the decision that we will always come first.
Sheri knocked the glass over in the middle of the ceremony and it shattered everywhere. So I came back from the beach and we had this insanely beautiful afternoon that never ended. So I think like any relationship, your space should be a conversation.
There was something very special about her. Did you know right away that Nate was the one? Holding each other, walking down, celebrating their relationship to the world. Sheri Salata who officiated the wedding was deeply involved by all the processing.
Everybody at the end of the day wants to live beautifully. Creating a room for us to fall back into, relax, recharge and reconnect brings a different type of strength through the entire experience, however, it changes. The tooths of the guests were sweeten with confections by Great Performances, each of them left with a special souvenir to recall them of the culinary delights. It just looks elegantly fascinating.
Nate and Jeremiah taking Vows We have always known how emotional Jeremiah can be. It is a Jewish tradition, both Nate and Jeremiah agreed that this was the funniest moment of the night. Jeremiah Brent chose Saint Laurent.
Marcy is the wedding planner of Nate and Jeremiah wedding. The moment of joy arrives with Jeremiah mother walking side by him. As a matter of fact, speed dating in walnut creek ca both Nate and Jeremiah had planned the glass breaking element at the end of their wedding ceremony.
We look down some memorable pictures of the event. The table linens was a contribution from his calico collection and dinnerware sets from his famous Target line.
Brent has joked about his inability to stop crying that day. After dating an year they finally celebrated their relationship in the New York Public Library.
Nate is an expert in this area as well. If he only had a brother I could set you up with. The emotions were never higher than this ceremony. Especially as I get older because I understand the language of people better. If you could have a drink with anyone, who would it be?
They did not prepare for everything which could or may have gone wrong, which it did. Often I can find out just from a closet or how someone is dressing.
For us, we had the beautiful gift of surrogacy. Together they established a vacuum tube laboratory. She is one of the closest friends of Nate. Nate shares his part of the story that Sheri accidentally knocked our ceremonial glass off onto the floor and it broke.


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The Exquisite Corpse Adventure
[Read] ➱ The Exquisite Corpse Adventure ➹ M.T. Anderson – Sigilo.us
07 July 2017 M.T. Anderson 10
M.T. Anderson
Ever Heard Of An Exquisite Corpse It S Not What You Might Think An Exquisite Corpse Is An Old Game In Which People Write A Phrase On A Sheet Of Paper, Fold It Over To Conceal Part Of It And Pass It On To The Next Player To Do The Same The Game Ends When Someone Finishes The Story, Which Is Then Read Aloud.Our Exquisite Corpse Adventure Works This Way Jon Scieszka, The National Ambassador For Young People S Literature, Has Written The First Episode, Which Is Pieced Together Out Of So Many Parts That It Is Not Possible To Describe Them All Here, So Go Ahead And Just Start Reading He Has Passed It On To A Cast Of Celebrated Writers And Illustrators, Who Must Eventually Bring The Story To An End.Every Two Weeks, There Will Be A New Episode And A New Illustration The Story Will Conclude A Year From Now To Get Bi Weekly Updates With New Exquisite Corpse Adventure Chapters, Click On The Subscribe Link At The Top Of The Page This Story Starts With A Train Rushing Through The Night No One Knows Where Or How It Will End
Is a well-known author, some of his books are a fascination for readers like in the The Exquisite Corpse Adventure book, this is one of the most wanted M.T. Anderson author readers around the world.
10 thoughts on "The Exquisite Corpse Adventure "
Limau Nipis Limau Nipis	says:
Now, I picked this one because I was intrigued about it Just because, this one adventure book had 16 different authors and different illustrators for its 27 chapters I actually try to experiment with new authors, and this is like the perfect book to try the different flavour of writing style of different authors So of course, it will be a different style of adventure and writing with each new chapter Sort of a mathematical puzzle.I actually was torn to give 2 stars to this book Just because Now, I picked this one because I was intrigued about it Just because, this one adventure book had 16 different authors and different illustrators for its 27 chapters I actually try to experiment with new authors, and this is like...
Peter Kelly Peter Kelly	says:
The Exquisite Corpse Adventure is a book written by twenty authors The story is about two circus orphans searching for the remains of a Top Secret Robot, who can retrieve their parents from another dimension From that synopsis alone you can see why I read this book.The title refers to a game invented by the surrealist Andre Breton A person writes a line on a piece of paper, folds the paper so that only their line can be seen, and passes the paper onto the person next to them They write their The Exquisite Corpse Adventure is a book written by twenty authors The story is about two circus orphans searching for the remains of a Top Secret Robot, who can retrieve their parents from another dimension From that synopsis alone you can see why I read this book.The title refers to a game invented by the surrealist Andre Breton A person writes a line on a piece of paper, folds the paper so that only their line can be seen, and passes the paper onto the person next to them They write their piece, fold it so the next person can only see the line they wrote, and so the game goes on It s a bit like Chinese Whispers, really I remember doing it once in Secondary School, I was the charming kid who wrote the bit where everyone died In another life I could have bee...
Nicola Mansfield Nicola Mansfield	says:
Reason for Reading I read a book like this a long time ago when the great mystery writers got together, including Agatha Christie, and did the same thing This sounded like it would be a lot of fun.Sixteen different top children s authors played a game where they each wrote the next chapter of an ongoing middle grade adventure story The book is also illustrated in the same way by five different illustrators With 27 chapters this has some of our authors writing two chapters while others only w Reason for Reading I read a book like this a long time ago when the great mystery writers got together, including Agatha Christie, and did the same thing This sounded like it would be a lot of fun.Sixteen different top children s authors played a game where they each wrote the next chapter of an ongoing middle grade adventure story The book is also illustrated in the same way by five different illustrators With 27 chapters this has some of our authors writing two chapters while others only write once John Scieszka starts things off with a wild premise giving the book a plot and many possible scenarios that may possibly happen Each author was to read the book written so far when th...
Angie Angie	says:
I can think of several kids at my school that would love this story It was a little hard for me to follow but that was just a factor of the way it was written Of course each individual author and illustrator contributed their own style to the exaggerated story And in the end who wouldn t love a big pig named Genius Kelly Be fairwarned here s a quote from later in the story Who named that pig Genius p 98 Here are a couple of quotes that I liked Of course there areAnd the I can think of several kids at my school that would love this story It was a little hard for me to follow but that was just a factor of the way it was written Of course each individual author and illustrator contributed their own style to the exaggerated story And in the end who wouldn t love a big pig named Genius Kelly Be fairwarned here s a quote from later in the story Who named that pig Genius p 98 Here are a couple of quotes that I liked Of course there areAnd these are page numbers from a preview copy, so the final may be a bit different Joe bravely dived off the bridge into the gorge Nancy dived after him, evenbravely Don t you agree I mean, she d had an extra moment to think about it pp 19 20 This bit was written by Susan Cooper It made me laugh In one way, he is said Einstein, quickly adding, but in two way he s not p 33 Word play always adds a fun touch.On p 37 they describe a lunch retrieved from a Star Wars lunchbox May the Force be with you OH And speaking of that s a quote straight from page 59...
Annette Annette	says:
I picked this up because my son s favorite author, Chris Van Dusen, appeared on the list of illustrators I read it willingly enough over a few days, and will summarize it as cute The introduction to the book explains the concept The Exquisite Corpse began as a party game in the early 20th century in which each player would write or tell a segment of a story, always leaving off with a cliff hanger The next player had to build off this foundation as he or she continued the story Adventur I picked this up because my son s favorite author, Chris Van Dusen, appeared on the list of illustrators I read it willingly enough over a few days, and will summarize it as cute The introduction to the book explains the concept The Exquisite Corpse began as a party game in the early 20th century in which each player would write or tell a segment of a story, always leaving off with a cliff hanger The next player had to build off this foundation as he or she continued the story Adventure was written in precisely this fashion by a selection of some of the most popular child...
Twins Joe and Nancy leave the circus where they were raised to look for their missing parents who abandoned them as babies nearly eleven years earlier Accompanied by a guardian Pig, and encountering many friends, helpers and villains, Joe and Nancy go on the adventure of their lives to rescue their parents, find the parts to the exquisite corpse and battle alien invaders This book was originally published online in serial form by the Library of Congress The authors contributed their stories Twins Joe and Nancy leave the circus where they were raised to look for their missing parents who abandoned them as babies nearly eleven years earlier Accompanied by a guardian Pig, and encountering many friends, helpers and villains, Joe and Nancy go on the adventure of their lives to rescue their parents, find the parts to the exquisite corpse and battle alien invaders This book was originally published online in serial form by the Library of Congress The authors contributed their stories one chapter at a time building on the previous chapter written by a different author Right from the beginning, it seemed the authors were trying to set up impossible situations for the following author to work through, forcing the story to get stranger anddisconnected with each succeeding chapter Lemony Snicket, in one of his chapters writes, It s as if your lives are being written, not by a single, beneficent author, but by a whole team of ...
Roselyn Roselyn	says:
The Exquisite Corpse Adventure was a cute cute and interesting story When I first picked up the book and saw how many authors it had, I was worried that the book would be confusing and that I would have a hard time following the different writing styles However, the story really flowed and though there was a definite change from one author to the other, it wasn t distracting.It was a really fun story involving a tons of scenarios and a lot of humour There was basically a little bit of everyth The Exquisite Corpse Adventure was a cute cute and interesting story When I first picked up the book and saw how many authors it had, I was worried that the book would be confusing and that I would have a hard time following the different writing styles However, the story really flowed and though there was a definite change from one author to the other, it wasn t distracting.It was a really fun story involving a tons of scenarios and a lot of humour There was basically a little bit of everything magic, cool inventions, pirates, inter dimensional creatures, martial arts, talking animals.It did get slightly overwhelming at times because there was just so much going on at once, but it all came together nicely at the end The main characters, Joe and Nancy are twins but did...
Marsha Marsha	says:
Based on the surrealist game, this book careens from one improbable adventure to another, from a meatball juggling clown and talking one eyed pig to a butt faced bandit and an angelic pirate with a time traveling cradle With little that is sensible or even actually whimsical, the reader is pressed into a constant state of suspended belief or is that disbelief This is clearly a book intended for children but which children How many toddlers will understand words like narcolepsy How many Based on the surrealist game, this book careens from one improbable adventure to another, from a meatball juggling clown and talking one eyed pig to a butt faced bandit and an angelic pirate with a time traveling cradle With little that is sensible or even actually whimsical, the reader is pressed into a constant state of suspended belief or is that disbelief This is clearly a book intended for children...
Marian Marian	says:
Tough to rate and review this one The trouble with Exquisite Corpse Adventure is precisely what makes it unique too many authors working on one story The initial set up and mood are fantastic, but with so many different voices and senses of humor at play, it couldn t really be sustained It s too silly and random a book for some of theserious writers chapters, so it ping pongs between being marvelously funny and strange to just being strange, with the occasional descent into tedium as t Tough to rate and review this one The trouble with Exquisite Corpse Adventure is precisely what makes it unique too many authors working on one story The initial set up and mood are fantastic, but with so many different voices and senses of humor at play, it couldn t really be sustained It s too silly and random a book for some of theserious writers chapters, so it ping pongs between being marvelously fun...
Relena_reads Relena_reads	says:
On the one hand, this isn t really Surreal enough, on the other, it s just surreal enough to remain palatable for the majority of readers.The various authors did a better job of melding the book than the illustrators The illustrators even seemed haphazardly paired with the authors, putting abstract pictures with very concrete chapters and vice versa.My favorite parts were the moments when the ...


WASHINGTON – The ACLU of the District of Columbia applauds the Committee on the Judiciary and Public Safety of the D.C. Council for advancing Bill 22-408, the Fare Evasion Decriminalization Amendment Act of 2017, out of committee.
The bill, introduced by Councilmembers Trayon White, Anita Bonds, Mary Cheh, David Grosso, Kenyan McDuffie, Brianne Nadeau, Elissa Silverman, and Robert White in July of 2017, would make evading fare on WMATA buses and trains a civil offense punishable by a fine. Currently, fare evasion is a crime that can result in arrest, jail time, and/or a fine of up to $300.
The Committee Print of the bill also reduced to civil infractions other minor offenses on public transit that are currently categorized as crimes, including eating and drinking, playing a radio, and operating roller skates, among others. Under Bill 22-408, the penalty for these offenses, including fare evasion, would be a fine of up to $50, which is consistent with WMATA's current practice when it issues citations.
"Today's action by the Judiciary Committee marks an important recognition that low-level offenses like fare evasion do not pose a threat to public safety -- and criminalizing such offenses in fact makes communities less safe and erodes trust in law enforcement.
A recent report by the Washington Lawyers' Committee For Civil Rights and Urban Affairs found that fare evasion in DC is enforced almost exclusively against black riders. While this bill does not fully address the racial and economic disparities in metro fare enforcement, it is an important step in reducing one avenue by which mostly black DC residents are being criminalized. Arrests for fare evasion can have serious and lasting consequences – resulting in deportation proceedings for immigrant communities, revocation of parole for people reentering society, and a gateway into the criminal justice system for young people.
By advancing the Fare Evasion Decriminalization bill out of the Judiciary Committee today, the Council is recognizing that no one should have to face arrest, jail time, or be saddled with a criminal record for failure to pay a $2 fare.
Thank you to the Judiciary Committee and to Chairman Charles Allen for leading this important bill one step closer to a final vote. We look forward to working with all councilmembers and members of the community to make D.C. more equitable and livable for all.


Dennis Lynch brings over 40 years of experience in the financial services industry.
He has extensive knowledge in the fixed income investment markets including tax free municipal bonds.
Dennis enjoys staying fit and spending time with his wife Beverly.He has two grown children. One lives in California and the other is close to home in Waxhaw.
Dennis and Carolina Financial Partners are active members of the Matthews Chamber of Commerce and Union County Chamber of Commerce.


Football fans fill the stands during the Salukis' 50-17 win over the Murray State Racers on Saturday, Sept. 17, 2016, at Saluki Stadium.
The SIU Board of Trustees will consider Thursday a new policy that would allow alcoholic beverages to be sold on university property during select campus events.
A new law, which was signed by Republican Gov. Bruce Rauner in August, amended the state's Liquor Control Act of 1934, which prohibited the sale of all alcoholic beverages on properties owned by the state's public universities. Sen. Pat McGuire introduced the legislation for the Illinois Senate to allow booze and beer to be sold during campus sanctioned events such as sports games and concerts.
But even if the board passes the new policy, it could be some time before it takes effect.
Bell said the policy isn't just targeted toward athletic events, but also toward the SIU Arena aspect when pursuing and trying to book concerts. He said the policy could bring better chances of getting someone famous to perform at SIU while also helping to promote the entertainment and vendor used within the event.
Once the bill was passed in the summer, it had to go through two reviews by the board of trustees before making a final decision, Bell said. He said once the decision is made, they will be able to go about making plans with their options pertaining to what venues will be used and what alcohol will be served.
"This will be an entrepreneurial route to possibly enhance additional revenue," Bell said.
In the policy's proposal for approval, supporting data showed that area schools have discovered a reduction in mid-day alcohol incidents on campus through regulated sales. The case study used was Northern Illinois University, one of the colleges that has implemented similar university policy changes.
Illinois State University, Chicago State University, the University of Illinois and the University of Eastern Illinois are among other colleges that have been legally given the policy of selling alcoholic beverages during campus events that are considered non-student related.
If approved, according to the proposal, the board will authorize campus administrators to amend policies, regulations and procedures to regulate the possession, service and sales and consumption of alcoholic liquors at facilities under the control of the board.
"We have to look at the physical setting and group of people who are going to be attending and determine by age, if it's relative to whether we can sell alcohol or not," said John Charles, director of SIU's government and public affairs.
Charles said an important safeguard would be making sure that the places where alcohol will be sold are far away from student seating to prevent underage drinking.
Another safeguard, Charles said, would be the importance of properly training those who are allowed to sell alcohol, which the campus has already taken initiative on.
Staff writer Diamond Jones can be reached at [email protected], 618-536-3325 or on Twitter @_dimewrites.


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Part of HuffPost Environment. ©2021 Verizon Media. All rights reserved.
The Active Times, Contributor
The World's Most Athletic Dog Breeds
There are so many reasons to love dogs: their unyielding loyalty, their sloppy smiles, their caring companionship, their unbridled excitement to see us when we walk through the door.
Click Here to see the Complete List of The World's Most Athletic Dog Breeds
Oh yeah, and then there's also the fact that they may help keep us healthy. According to the American Heart Association, dog owners are 54 percent more likely to reach the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's weekly recommended amount of exercise.
So, Fido's innate need for activity may just play a role in helping you fend off heart disease and other ailments associated with an overly sedentary lifestyle, but which types of pups are most athletic by nature?
Well, that's not exactly an easy question to answer.
Athletic dogs come in all shapes and sizes. Some are small and swift, while others are big and brawny. Think about it, human athleticism is measured in many different qualities: speed, strength, agility, endurance. The greatest athletes demonstrate all of these characteristics, but some stand out for one or two in particular.
Essentially, the same concept applies to dogs. However, according to American Kennel Club (AKC) spokesperson Lisa Peterson, comparing one breed to another is akin to comparing apples to oranges.
"Each of the 180 AKC-recognized breeds has a standard developed by the Parent Club (National Breed Club), which details the individual requirements to determine athleticism and fitness by breed," Peterson said. "So a fit Cavalier King Charles Spaniel would be different than a fit Elkhound, for example."
That said, there are in fact some breeds that are naturally more apt towards athleticism than others.
"Certain breeds just have a more natural athletic ability because of what they were originally bred to do," says Victoria Swanson, a professional dog trainer from Grand Rapids, Michigan. For example, working breeds like the Siberian Husky love to exercise and perform for their owners.
Oh yeah, and while your furry friend can certainly help you stay fit, Sherry Woodard, resident animal behavior consultant at Best Friends Animal Society, noted that good, regular medical care, a nutritious diet and consistent exercise are essential for keeping your dog healthy and strong.
"I love working with dogs on their mental health as well," she said. "Mental exercise also keeps them fit. Offering dogs puzzles -- treat-dispensing toys, hiding things around the house and the yard so they use their senses to find them -- builds amazing skills. Mental exercise also does tire the dogs out."
In 2013 Swanson helped us narrow down a list of 12 of the "fittest" (or most athletic) dog breeds. This year, in our quest to expand those results (after all, there are many, many types of truly athletic dogs), we recruited the help of Woodard as well.
She said the breeds she chose landed a spot on her list because they're energetic and they love to interact with people and stay fit.
So, which canines demonstrate athletic qualities more than any others? According to our own research and input from our trusted experts, the following dogs are considered some of the most athletic in the world.
Siberian Huskies are like the marathon runners of dog breeds. According to the AKC, they were the original breed used in the 408-mile long All-Alaskan Sweepstakes race. So yeah, they can run fast and far. The Siberian Husky is outgoing, energetic, has unparalleled endurance and is included on the American Kennel Club's Official "Most Active Dog Breeds" list. Photo Credit: Shutterstock Click Here to See The Most Athletic Dog Breeds
If the Siberian Husky is the marathon runner of dogs, then the Chesapeake Bay Retriever is the Olympic swimmer. Originally bred along the coast of—you guessed it—The Chesapeake Bay for hunting waterfowl, this brawny breed's swimming abilities are on par with, say, Michael Phelps. The AKC also considers it an exceptionally happy breed. Must be all those exercise endorphins… Photo Credit: Shutterstock
Do you ever start to feel antsy and irritable if you don't get your workout in for the day? The German Shorthaired Pointer feels your pain. This type of dog is a natural athlete and requires plenty of daily exercise. The American Kennel Club says the GSP loves to run and swim, making it a great companion for sporty types and fit families. Photo Credit: Shutterstock Click Here to See The Most Athletic Dog Breed
The Vizsla is known for its power and drive. Also originally a hunting dog, this breed shows up at the top of Runner's World fastest dogs list, and is another pup that can't live without its daily dose of exercise. Photo Credit: Shutterstock
This type of pooch also falls into the category of smaller-statured breeds that shouldn't be judged by their size. And unless you like losing, don't try to challenge this pup to a race (you know, if racing canines happens to be a hobby of yours). According to the American Kennel Club, a Whippet can run as fast as 35 miles per hour, making it the fastest domesticated animal in its weight class (larger greyhounds are a bit faster). Click Here to See The Most Athletic Dog Breeds Photo Credit: Shutterstock
Click Here to see the Original Story on The Active Times
- Katie Rosenbrock, The Active Times
More Content from The Active Times:
The Best Workouts for People Over 40
Do These 5 Exercises Every Day to Stay Fit for Life
The Best Workouts for Losing the Last 10 Pounds
The 20 Best Running Shoes of 2015
Fun New Ways to Exercise With Your Dog
'Guardians' Star Offers $20,000 Reward In 'Trump' Manatee Case Watch Sea Lions 'Surfing' Off Santa Barbara Island For The Sheer Joy Of It Should We Spend $1 Trillion A Year On This Climate Technology? We May Have To. In Farewell Speech As President, Trump Says 'We Did What We Came Here To Do'
Green How We Live: Wellness Health Fitness and Exercise Dogs


Wireless remote control, 8-frequency vibration modes are available. Powerful imported motor.
Waterproof for wet and wild fun!
Keep 42℃ constant temperature after 3 minutes heating£¬ very smart.
The toy is quite easy and convenient to operate. Fashionable, nice-looking and portable.
Keep 42℃ constant temperature after 3 minutes heating, very smart.


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