text:
Mary P. Madigan
writer | artist
What Would Teddy Do? (short story – online)
What Would Teddy Do?
Brooklyn hipsters meet the living dead – my short story won Honorable Mention in Liberty Island's "Summer of Love" contest!
Dawn was naked and sweating, trying to hold an Amazon warrior pose. I was sketching her, my pencil like a wisp of wind following the curls of her hair, the gold light dancing on her round belly, the curve of her toes. This was all I'd ever need, a beauty that blocked out the rude noises of the real world.
"Peter!" she shouted.
I jumped. My eraser bounced across my lap, followed by my pencils. I tried to grab them but instead smeared the drawing. Ruined.
"You really don't hear a thing I say!"
I was about to get mad, but then my bones started to ache. I could feel when she was going to cry the way an old mariner senses rain. If I said anything contrary, the tears would pour down.
"I just told you I quit my job!"
"Oh, heck." I said, gathering up my pencils "Why'd you do that?" If it wasn't for her job slinging Kombucha at Cafe Bliss, we'd never make the rent…
Read more What Would Teddy Do? (part 1) and (part 2)
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text:
Q: Difficulty deleting record from array within a foreach of the array So I have an multidementional array, $lines, that was generated from a csv file. Its populated with records that look like the following:
 [0] => 038572
 [1] => L
 [2] => Testing
 [3] => BQ
 [4] =>
 [5] => 52.40308886
 [6] => -0.19266809
 [7] => 01/12/2018
 [8] =>
 [9] => B
 [10] =>
 [11] => 5
 [12] =>
 [13] =>
 [14] =>
 [15] =>
 [16] => ldn d 5BQ
 [17] => 038572
 [18] =>

I also have records which are all empty accept for one bit which has:
[16] => ,

Its these records that I'm trying to unset. So I tried the following:
foreach($lines as $element) {
    if ($element[16] == ",") {
        unset($element);
    }
}

But when I print_r the array $lines, I can still see those partially empty records.

A: You're working on a temporary copy inside your loop, so when you unset $element, it has no effect on the original $lines array. You can use references, or unset the value from the original array:
foreach ($lines as $index => $element) {
    if ($element[16] === ',') {
        unset($lines[$index][16]);
    }
}

Or something like this:
for ($i = 0, $_i < count($lines); $i < $_i; $i++) {
    if ($lines[$i][16] === ',') {
        unset($lines[$i][16]);
    }
}

Or any of a dozen other ways to do the same...
Note, using unset() here will actually remove the item from the array, which may misalign your columns depending on how you have your code written. Instead of unsetting it, you may want to set it to null.

A: The reason you can't modify $lines acting on $element is that you need to pass it by reference

In order to be able to directly modify array elements within the loop precede $value with > &. In that case the value will be assigned by reference.
  read http://php.net/manual/en/control-structures.foreach.php)

But in your case i would create a second array to store the valid records:
$valid_records = [];
$exclude = [" ", ", "];
foreach($lines as $element) {
    if (!in_array($element, $exclude)) {
        array_push($valid_records, $element);
    }
}
$lines = $valid_records;

It might be less elegant and memory saving but its nice to not mess with unset

A: If your are trying to remove that empty record from array:
foreach( $lines as $key => $val ) {
    if( trim( $val[16] ) == ',' ) { // trim if there is any space with ','
        unset( $lines[$key] );
    }
}

print_r( $lines );

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I consider myself a lucky guy. In the summer of 2014 I got married to a woman who is not only beautiful and smart, but also our primary breadwinner and Director of Household Strategy. She also wields a hammer with more confidence than me. Frankly, I'm just happy to be on her team.
But having an all-star wife, I feel a certain pressure to raise my own game. It's not that I think I'm useless, but I definitely wish I knew how to do more DIY things. Things that, in my youth, I imagined I would have mastered by now.
This blog is called Trying to Impress my Wife, but I suppose it could be called Trying to impress myself. The things I'll try and learn are things I feel I should know about, and what better time to learn about it than now, when I have a built-in cheering section.
I'm inviting all men to join the #tryingtoimpressmywife club. Feel free to post in the comments how you try to impress your wife.
Who am I? Matthew Chung, a communications professional living, with my wife, in Toronto's East end.
This blog's disclosure policy can be found here.


News hit Nashville this week that beloved local independent bookstore Davis-Kidd is closing in December. Davis-Kidd is something of an institution around here, and while not truly "independent" in the rawest sense of the word--it is owned by the Joseph-Beth Group--the forthcoming shut-down has many Nashvillians already feeling pangs of loss.
Excessive use of hyphens aside, I am trying to be sympathetic to those who have expressed concern over the "death of the independent book store." Admittedly, however, I'm having trouble with that.
Look, I get it. People form attachments to retail locations. Record stores, coffee shops, and hardware stores are all popular community favorites.
For authors and avid readers, there's something even more magical about a bookstore. It gives me a warm and fuzzy feeling walking into a book shop and catching the aroma of billions of pages, that slight hint of ink, blended with the fragrance of ideas swirling in the air.
But at the end of the day, it's a retail store. It is bricks, and mortar, and shelves and employees. It is commerce. And in that respect, it is neither unique nor magical.
Independent bookstore employees are better qualified & know more about books - It's true that "big box" stores will employ just about anybody with a pulse. But it's ignorant to assume every employee at an indie store is inherently knowledgeable and every employee at a corporate store is clueless. My local B&N has been around for at least 15 years, and the employees are educated and passionate about their various departments.
The indie bookstore is an American icon - I roll my eyes to this one. Considering that moveable type is still a relatively "new" invention in the stream of human history, and that literacy amongst "ye common folk" runs almost parallel to its existence, book stores are not ancient and hallowed ground. Libraries are. As I mentioned earlier, I understand forming an emotional attachment to a retail location, but the fact remains that many of America's most beloved independent bookstores were opened in the 20th century. There are older car dealerships out there.
If [insert indie store here] closes, where will people get books/authors promote? - Again, another eye roll. It's not as if books turn into a scarce relic the moment an indie bookstore closes. There's likely another option available to the community, whether it be a library or corporate bookstore. There's also online sites aplenty. Corporate bookstores still host author events and signings. They have story time in the KidLit area. You can sit and read there for hours undisturbed, without actually buying anything.
To be clear, I'm not saying I don't support local businesses--especially bookstores--because I do. However, I make my decision on where to shop based upon distance, price, service, and availability. For example, there's a Books-a-Million less than 3 miles from my home, but I happily travel 14 miles to B&N because the Books-a-Million has mediocre service, high prices and lackluster selection (not to mention a depressing Children's section). The Davis-Kidd that's closing next month is twice the distance as B&N--not exactly "the shop around the corner." Alternatively, if I need a book and I'm not in a hurry, I usually turn to Amazon.com or BN.com.
The bottom line here is that, as a writer and book-lover, I am genuinely trying to understand more about why people are so grieved by the closing of a local independent bookstore. What are your thoughts? Do you bemoan the closing of indie bookstores? Do you not care? Do you prefer B&N or Borders, and why?
Sound off in the Comments section and give me the benefit of your perspective. Give me a compelling reason not to feel so indifferent, and I promise to listen with an open mind.
To me the idea of losing an independent bookstore is like losing another "little guy" to the big corporate engine of greed. Most US citizens lament the loss of their local stores, calling the big conglomerates "bad" while shopping at Walmart for their groceries and other needs.
The loss of another indie store feels like another loss to big corporate greed, and that is probably the biggest reason people lament the loss of the truly "local" bookstore.
I think if indie book stores don't survive, they can at least be reborn. How that will play out in a digital world remains to be seen.
Maybe more like hybrid coffee/reading lounges where people go to have their most beloved eBook printed and bound?
I don't like the big chains, especially BAM. Even smaller chains are better, but those are vanishing as well. Think most will go the way of the record store. Yeah, remember those?
@Howling - I get the idea of rooting for the "little guy." We all have a tendency to want to see the underdog win. But I don't buy the "corporate greed" angle. As a local business owner myself, I can emphatically state that ALL businesses exist to make profit. "Cottage industry" businesses (I like that phrase, btw) may approach things from a perspective of being passionate about what they do, but passion doesn't keep your books in the black. Maybe, instead of "greed" it's perhaps the emotional stand-off-ish-ness (not a word, but a Martinism) people dislike, which makes sense given the fact that both rooting for the underdog AND appreciating people who are passionate about their work are both emotional responses.
@M.J.A. Ware - Love the idea. Starbucks will be offering e-book rentals soon (or so I hear). Maybe that's the future? Which reminds me: Starbucks is a huge int'l chain, but when it proliferated I didn't hear anyone lament the loss of the local cafe. Matter of fact, when I go in to my local Starbucks, they all know me (and my drink of choice) by name, even my wife and kids. They're probably an ideal example of a "big corporate chain" done right, no?
@Alex - I do remember, and Nashville still has some GREAT ones. I think it comes down, honestly, to price, service, and selection for 95% of the populace. Big chains are capable of offering all 3. But what is it about them you don't like?
I think if Indie book stores want to survive, they need to change their business model around a little bit. Same with many retailers in the changing way we do business, incorporating the internet and everything.
I'm personally not attached to indie stores and like you I don't really understand what the big deal is.
For years now, I have had to catch "the aroma of billions of pages, that slight hint of ink, blended with the fragrance of ideas swirling in the air" (love that phrase) at my local library. I have no more room for books and when I count those on my shelves that I have not read, it's embarrassing. So I try to borrow books instead. (Why, when I have so many of them at home I haven't read? Go back to that lovely phrase!) I have a few favorite local authors that I support by buying their books, but outside of that I've stopped allowing myself go to bookstores. Much.
I think the more independents that go down, and the less companies that own market share, is bad for customer service. All of the angst and perceptions of badness that people associate with chain retail only get worse when those companies no longer have the need to compete because service tends to decline.
To me the main difference for me is that in an independent the employees tend to make me want to read books, and in a chain bookstore the employees tend to make me want to strike them with books.
Optimism on Sale - Selling Hope out today!


text:
Home > About EEOC > Statistics > Special Reports > American Experiences versus American Expectations
AMERICAN EXPERIENCES
AMERICAN EXPECTATIONS
An updated look at private sector employment for Women, African
Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans and American
Indians/Alaskan Natives in celebration of the EEOC's
AMERICAN INDIAN/ALASKAN NATIVE
American Experiences versus American Expectations illustrates the significant changes to the United States workforce during the 50 years since the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) opened its doors in 1965. The report is an updated look at the groundbreaking 1977 EEOC research Black Experiences Versus Black Expectations. Written by Dr. Melvin Humphrey, EEOC's then-director of Research, Black Experiences versus Black Expectations was the first major EEOC research report to use data collected through the EEO-1 survey to focus on the issue of racial inequality in the workforce. The report's title came from the gap between African American employment experiences in the workforce and expectations based on fair-share employment levels, defined at the time as the number of minorities employed at a rate equal to their employment availability.
American Experiences versus American Expectations focuses on changes in employment participation from 1966 to 2013 not only for African Americans but also for Hispanics, Asian Americans, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, and women. The participation rate represents the percentage of workers from each demographic group that hold positions in the variety of categories reported in the EEO-1 survey.
Beginning in 1966 all employers with 100 or more employees (lower thresholds apply to federal contractors) have been required by law to file the Employer Information Report EEO-1 with the EEOC. In FY 2013 approximately 70,000 employers filed an EEO-1. These forms indicate the composition of an employer's workforces by sex and by race/ethnic category[1]. The EEO-1 form collects data on nine major job categories[2].
African Americans:
The participation rates for African Americans in many job categories showed increases throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. However, the rate of increase slowed for several categories and the rate in the Officials and Managers as well as the Professionals categories declined during the 2000s.
Between 1966 and 2013, African Americans realized the greatest increase in participation in the Office and Clerical Workers category, from 3.53 percent to 15.76 percent, 12.23 percentage points.
African Americans in the Laborers category showed the least change in participation during this time frame. The rate decreased 2.44 percentage points, from 21.13 percent in 1966 to 18.69 percent in 2013.
Hispanics:
Hispanics experienced an increase in participation rates across all nine job categories from 1966 through 2013.
Hispanics in the Laborers category showed the largest increase in participation, from 6.14 percent in 1966 to 29.17 percent in 2013-an increase of 23.03 percentage points.
The smallest change for Hispanics was in the Professionals category, where the participation rate only increased by 4.97 percentage points, from 0.76 percent in 1966 to 5.73 percent in 2013.
Asian Americans:
Asian Americans saw consistent increases in participation rates from 1966 through 2013 in all nine job categories.
Asian Americans in the Professionals category showed the greatest increase, from 1.33 percent in 1966 to 11.46 percent in 2013, an increase of 10.13 percentage points. Asian Americans experienced the greatest increase in participation rate in this job category of any demographic group reported.
Asian Americans reported the smallest increase in participation in the Craft Workers category, from 0.35 percent in 1966 to 3.03 percent in 2013, which accounts for an increase of 2.68 percentage points.
American Indians / Alaskan Natives:
American Indians or Alaskan Natives, with the exception of those in the Service Workers category in 1984, reported less than a 1 percent participation rates in each of the nine job categories in most years examined.
The Craft Workers category was the only job category in which participation rates for American Indians or Alaskan Natives increased each year examined from 1966 to 2013.
The greatest participation rate for American Indians or Alaskan Natives across all job categories and years examined was in 1984 in the Service Workers category at a rate of 1.42 percent.
Women saw both increases and decreases in participation rates in the different job categories between 1966 and 2013.
Women in the Officials and Managers, Professionals, Technicians, and Sales Workers categories all showed a consistent increase in participation rates within this time period.
Women in the Office & Clerical Workers category showed a large increase in participation rates from 1966 to 1984, from 72.39 percent to 84.25 percent. However, this was followed by a steady decrease to 75.56 percent in 2013. Similarly, the participation rate for women in the Craft Workers category showed a consistent increase from 1966 to 2002, from 6.34 percent in 1966 to 12.81 percent in 2002, and then a decrease to 7.27 percent in 2013.
While there was an increase in the participation rate of women in the Officials and Managers and Professionals categories from 1990 through 2013, there was a decline in the rate of women in the Office and Clerical Workers category during the same period.
The participation rate for women in the Operatives category decreased from 34.15 percent in 1984 to 22.37 percent in 2013, a decrease of 11.78 in percentage points.
Changing participation rates for minorities and women in the Officials and Managers job category, the senior-most category for which EEOC captures data, are illustrative of employment conditions in the workforce from 1966 to 2013. The tables below provide a snapshot of the participation rates for each demographic group examined within this job category.
Table 1 and Figure 1 show the participation rates of African American Executive/Senior and First/Mid Level Officials and Managers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 1: Participation of African American Executive/Senior and First/Mid Level Officials & Managers
In 1966, African American Officials and Managers reported a participation rate of 0.87 percent. In 2008, the rate was 6.94 percent. However, it decreased to 6.77 percent in 2013.
Table 2 and Figure 2 show the participation rates of African American Professionals from 1966 to 2013.
Table 2: Participation of African American Professionals
In 1966, African American Professionals reported a participation rate of 1.32 percent.
The rate continued to grow to 7.75 percent in 2008 and then fell slightly to 7.60 percent in 2013.
Table 3 and Figure 3 show the participation rates of African American Technicians from 1966 to 2013.
Table 3: Participation of African American Technicians
In 1966, African American Technicians reported a participation rate of 4.07 percent.
The participation rate has continued to grow all the way to 2013, ending at 13.25 percent.
Table 4 and Figure 4 show the participation rates of African American Sales Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 4: Participation of African American Sales Workers
In 1966, African American Sales Workers reported a participation rate of 2.35 percent.
The rate grew fastest between 1966 and 1996. It has been increasing more slowly since then.
Table 5 and Figure 5 show the participation rates of African American Office and Clerical Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 5: Participation of African American Office & Clerical Workers
In 1966, African American Office and Clerical Workers reported a participation rate of 3.53 percent.
Participation rates grew to 15.95 percent in 2002 and then began decreasing slightly.
Table 6 and Figure 6 show the participation rates of African American Craft Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 6: Participation of African American Craft Workers
In 1966, African American Craft Workers reported a participation rate of 3.59 percent.
Participation rates grew to 9.57 percent in 2002 but then decreased slightly, ending at 8.79 percent in 2013.
Table 7 and Figure 7 show the participation rates of African American Operatives from 1966 to 2013.
Table 7: Participation of African American Operatives
In 1966, African American Operatives reported a participation rate of 10.78 percent. Participation rates grew sharply to 1978 and then began to plateau all the way to 2013.
Table 8 and Figure 8 show the participation rates of African American Laborers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 8: Participation of African American Laborers
In 1966, African American Laborers reported a participation rate of 21.13 percent.
Participation rates decreased to 18.45 percent in 1984, rose again in 1990, decreased to 2008, and finally rose again to 18.69 percent in 2013.
Table 9 and Figure 9 show the participation rates of African American Service Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 9: Participation of African American Service Workers
Participation rates for African American Service Workers have been fluctuating, but overall there was a net gain of 0.30 percentage points.
Table 10 and Figure 10 show the participation rates of Hispanic Executive/Senior Level and First/Mid Level Officials and Managers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 10: Participation of Hispanic Executive/Senior Level and First/Mid Level Officials and Managers
Participation rate for Hispanic officials and managers increased each year examined up to 2008.
From 2008 to 2013, the participation rate dropped very slightly by 0.11 percentage points.
The largest participation change was between 2002 and 2008 with an increase of 2.22 percentage points.
Table 11 and Figure 11 show the participation rates of Hispanic Professionals from 1966 to 2013.
Table 11: Participation of Hispanic Professionals
Participation rate for Hispanic Professionals increased each year examined.
The largest participation increase was between 2002 and 2008 with an increase of 1.08 percentage points.
Table 12 and Figure 12 show the participation rates of Hispanic Technicians from 1966 to 2013.
Table 12: Participation of Hispanic Technicians
Participation rate for Hispanic Technicians increased each year examined.
Table 13 and Figure 13 show the participation rates of Hispanic Sales Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 13: Participation of Hispanic Sales Workers
Participation rate for Hispanic Sales Workers increased each year examined.
The largest participation rate of change was between 2002 and 2008 with an increase of 2.42 percentage points.
Table 14 and Figure 14 show the participation rates of Hispanic Office and Clerical Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 14: Participation of Hispanic Office & Clerical Workers
Participation rate for Hispanic Office and Clerical Workers increased each year examined.
Table 15 and Figure 15 show the participation rates of Hispanic Craft Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 15: Participation of Hispanic Craft Workers
Participation rate for Hispanic Craft Workers increased each year examined.
Table 16 and Figure 16 show the participation rates of Hispanic Operatives from 1966 to 2013.
Table 16: Participation of Hispanic Operatives
Participation rate for Hispanic Operatives increased each year examined up to 2008.
The participation rate declined slightly by 0.04 percentage points between 2008 and 2013.
Table 17 and Figure 17 show the participation rates of Hispanic Laborers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 17: Participation of Hispanic Laborers
Participation rate for Hispanic Laborers increased each year examined up to 2008.
Table 18 and Figure 18 show the participation rates of Hispanic Service Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 18: Participation of Hispanic Service Workers
Participation rate for Hispanic Service Workers increased each year examined.
Table 19 and Figure 19 show the participation rates of Asian Officials and Managers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 19: Participation of Asian Officials & Managers
The participation rate for Asian Officials and Managers grew each year examined, from 1966 to 2013, at a relatively constant rate.
Table 20 and Figure 20 show the participation rates of Asian Professionals from 1966 to 2013.
Table 20: Participation of Asian Professionals
The participation rate for Asian Professionals grew steadily each year examined, with a net increase of 10.13 percentage points.
Table 21 and Figure 21 show the participation rates of Asian Technicians from 1966 to 2013.
Table 21: Participation of Asian Technicians
The participation rate for Asian Technicians grew slightly from 1966 to 1972.
The rate grew more rapidly from 1972 to 2008, when it started to level off. The overall increase from 1966 to 2013 was 5.85 percentage points.
Table 22 and Figure 22 show the participation rates of Asian Sales Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 22: Participation of Asian Sales Workers
The participation rates for Asian Sales Workers increased slightly from 1966 to 1972. It then increased steadily to 2008 when it started to plateau.
The net gain is 3.62 percentage points.
Table 23 and Figure 23 show the participation rates of Asian Office & Clerical Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 23: Participation of Asian Office & Clerical Workers
Participation of Asian Office and Clerical Workers increased steadily from 1966 to 2008 when it leveled off.
Table 24 and Figure 24 show the participation rates of Asian Craft Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 24: Participation of Asian Craft Workers
The participation rate for Asian Craft Workers increased steadily from 1972 to 2008 after decreasing slightly from 1966 to 1972.
Over the entire time period the participation rate increased a total of 2.68 percentage points.
Table 25 and Figure 25 show the participation rates of Asian Operatives from 1966 to 2013.
Table 25: Participation of Asian Operatives
The participation rate for Asian Operatives increased slightly in the first and last year examined and increased at a faster rate during the intervening years examined.
The net increase over the entire time period is 4.10 percentage points.
Table 26 and Figure 26 show the participation rates of Asian Laborers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 26: Participation of Asian Laborers
After a slight decrease from 1966 to 1972, the participation rate for Asian laborers steadily increased from 1972 to 2013 for a net gain of 3.72 percentage points over the entire time period.
Table 27 and Figure 27 show the participation rates of Asian Service Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 27: Participation of Asian Service Workers
The participation rate for Asian Service Workers continuously increased each year examined from 1966 to 2013 for a net gain of 3.95 percentage points.
AMERICAN INDIAN / ALASKAN NATIVE
Table 28 and Figure 28 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Officials & Managers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 28: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Officials & Managers
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Officials and Managers fluctuated for each of the years examined.
The highest percentage point increase was 0.12 percentage points between 1966 and 1972.
Table 29 and Figure 29 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Professionals from 1966 to 2013.
Table 29: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Professionals
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Professionals were highest in 2002 at 0.41 percent.
The highest rate increase was 0.08 percentage points between 1966 and 1972.
Table 30 and Figure 30 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Technicians from 1966 to 2013.
Table 30: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Technicians
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Technicians increased each year examined from 0.16 percent in 1966 to 0.66 percent in 2002. The rate dropped to 0.57 percent in 2013.
The highest increase in participation rate was 0.18 percentage points between 1972 and 1978.
Table 31 and Figure 31 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Sales Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 31: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Sales Workers
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Natives either increased or remained the same each year examined.
From 2002 to 2013, the participation rate remained consistent at its highest at 0.65 percent.
From 1966 to 2013, the participation rate increased for a total of 0.44 percentage points.
Table 32 and Figure 32 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Office & Clerical Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 32: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Office & Clerical Workers
Participation rates for American Indians/Alaskan Native Office and Clerical Workers fluctuated each year examined.
The highest participation rate reached in this job category was 0.60 percent in 2002.
After 2002, the participation rate dropped and remained consistent at 0.55 percent for each subsequent year examined.
Table 33 and Figure 33 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Craft Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 33: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Craft Workers
Participation rate for American Indian/Alaskan Native Craft Workers increased each year examined from 1966 to 2013.
The highest participation rate increase was 0.13 percentage points between 1966 and 1972.
Table 34 and Figure 34 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Operatives from 1966 to 2013.
Table 34: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Operators
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Operatives increased each year examined from 1966 to 2002. The rates dropped in subsequent years.
Table 35 and Figure 35 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Laborers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 35: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Laborers
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Laborers fluctuated each year examined from 1966 to 2013.
The highest participation rate was 0.76 percent reported in 2002.
The participation rate dropped each year examined after 2002.
Table 36 and Figure 36 show the participation rates of American Indian / Alaskan Native Service Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 36: Participation of American Indian / Alaskan Native Service Workers
Participation rates for American Indian/Alaskan Native Service Workers were mostly under one percent, with the exception of 1984 at 1.42 percent.
The highest participation rate increase was nearly one percentage point between 1978 and 1984.
Table 37 and Figure 37 show the participation rates of Women Officials and Managers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 37: Participation of Women Officials & Managers
In 1966, Women Officials and Managers reported a participation rate of 9.43 percent.
In 1978, the participation rate rose to 17.34 percent and continued to rise to 29.33 percent in 1990, 36.42 percent in 2002, and finally to 38.57 percent in 2013.
Table 38 and Figure 38 show the participation rates of Women Professionals from 1966 to 2013.
Table 38: Participation of Women Professionals
In 1966, Women Professionals reported a participation rate of 13.97 percent.
In 1978, the participation rate rose to 33.89 percent and continued to rise to 47.63 percent in 1990, 51.73 percent in 2002, and to 53.23 percent in 2013.
Table 39 and Figure 39 show the participation rates of Women Technicians from 1966 to 2013.
Table 39: Participation of Women Technicians
In 1966, Women Technicians reported a participation rate of 31.08 percent.
Between 1966 and 1972 the participation rate decreased to 28.52 percent and then increased each subsequent year examined.
Table 40 and Figure 40 show the participation rates of Women Sales Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 40: Participation of Women Sales Workers
In 1966, Women Sales Workers reported a participation rate of 38.75 percent.
In 1978, the participation rate rose to 50.71 percent and continued to rise to a peak of 57.35 percent in 1996.
In 2002, the participation rate dropped to 56.38 percent and continued to drop to 55.71 percent in 2013.
Table 41 and Figure 41 show the participation rates of Women Office and Clerical Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 41: Participation of Women Office & Clerical Workers
In 1996, the participation rate of Women Office and Clerical Workers dropped to 82.26 percent and continued to drop to 75.56 percent in 2013.
Table 42 and Figure 42 show the participation rates of Women Craft Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 42: Participation of Women Craft Workers
In 1966, Women Craft Workers reported a participation rate of 6.34 percent.
In 1978, the participation rate rose to 8.60 percent and continued to rise to a peak of 12.81 percent in 2002.
In 2008, the participation rate of Women Craft Workers dropped to 9.0 percent and continued to drop to 7.27 percent in 2013.
Table 43 and Figure 43 show the participation rates of Women Operatives from 1966 to2013.
Table 43: Participation of Women Operatives
In 1966, Women Operatives reported a participation rate of 27.64 percent.
In 1990, the participation rate of Women Operatives dropped to 31.88 percent and continued to drop to 22.37 percent in 2013.
Table 44 and Figure 44 show the participation rates of Women Laborers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 44: Participation of Women Laborers
In 1966, Women Laborers reported a participation rate of 23.89 percent.
In 1996, the participation rate of Women Laborers dropped to 33.48 percent, rose slightly to 33.68 percent in 2002, and then continued to drop to 30.57 percent in 2013.
Table 45 and Figure 45 show the participation rates of Women Service Workers from 1966 to 2013.
Table 45: Participation of Women Service Workers
In 1966, Women Service Workers reported a participation rate of 43.25 percent.
Appendix A:
For this report, EEOC gathered data for the years 1966 to 2013 in six-year intervals except between 2008 and 2013. The 1966 data is from EEO Report No. 1 "Job Patterns for Minorities and Women in the Private Industry 1966," while the rest of the data is from EEO-1 statistical files (using single establishment reports and the consolidated report for multi-establishment firms). The Executive/Senior level and First/Mid level Officials and Managers job categories were combined after 2007 to match prior years.
The major job categories are listed below including a brief description of the skills required for occupations in each category. The descriptions below are illustrative and not intended to be exhaustive of all job titles in a job category. For more information concerning the job categories see Appendix B.
Executive/Senior Level Officials and Managers: Individuals who plan, direct, and formulate policies, set strategy and provide the overall direction of enterprises/organizations for the development and delivery of products or services, within the parameters approved by boards of directors or other governing bodies.
First/Mid Level Officials and Managers: Individuals who serve as managers, other than those who serve as Executive/Senior Level Officials and Managers, including those who oversee and direct the delivery of products, services, or functions at group, regional, or divisional levels of organizations.
Professionals: Most jobs in this category require bachelor and graduate degrees and/or professional certification. In some instances, comparable experience may establish qualifications.
Technicians: Jobs in this category include activities that require applied scientific skills, usually obtained by post secondary education of varying lengths, depending on the particular occupation, recognizing that in some instances additional training, certification, or comparable experience is required.
Sales Workers: These jobs include non-managerial activities that wholly and primarily involve direct sales.
Administrative Support Workers: These jobs involve non-managerial tasks providing administrative and support assistance, primarily in office settings.
Craft Workers (formerly Craft Workers (Skilled)): Most jobs in this category include higher skilled occupations in construction (building trades craft workers and their formal apprentices) and natural resource extraction workers.
Operatives (formerly Operatives (Semi-skilled)): Most jobs in this category include intermediate skilled occupations and include workers who operate machines or factory-related processing equipment.
Laborers and Helpers (formerly Laborers (Unskilled)): Jobs in this category include workers with more limited skills who require only brief training to perform tasks that require little or no independent judgment.
Service Workers: Jobs in this category include food service, cleaning service, personal service, and protective service activities.
For more detailed information on the data presented in this report and well as other employment surveys collected by EEOC, please refer to http://www.eeoc.gov/employers/reporting.cfm for reporting requirements and http://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/statistics/employment/index.cfm for the results of these surveys.
[1] The sex and ethnic categories are Male, Female, White (not of Hispanic origin), African American (not of Hispanic origin), Hispanic, Asian American or Pacific Islander (Asian American) and American Indian or Alaskan Native.
[2]The job categories are (1) officials and managers, (2) professionals, (3) technicians, (4) sales workers, (5) office and clerical workers, (6) craft workers, (7) operatives, (8) laborers, and (9) service workers. For more information about the job categories and the EEO-1 survey, please see Appendix A.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Summer 2022 \ Courthouse Visits
Impulsive Traveler Guy makes Lone Star trek to all of Texas' 254 counties
He also aims to visit every courthouse in the U.S.
By Mark Barron
Cody Esser marks the completion of his quest to
visit every Texas county with a picture in front of
his last stop — the Hill County Courthouse in
Hillsboro. (Credit: Cody Esser)
Former Austin resident Cody Esser, aka Impulsive Traveler Guy, is a man on a 10-year mission. He wants to visit every county in the United States, and Texas was his first conquest. He hit all 254 jurisdictions in only 52 days, and he marked each visit with a photograph in front of the county courthouse. "Texas is great overall for beautiful-looking courthouses," he said.
Esser, 33, lived in Austin from May 2014 to February 2020, and now lives in Belleville, Wisconsin. He had originally planned to take a year to visit all of Texas' counties, but plans changed and his timeline was accelerated. He was forced to complete his journey in three months — between December 2019 and February 2020.
Miles and miles of Texas
The final stop in his Lone Star trek was the Hill County Courthouse in Hillsboro. "It was a bittersweet moment as I really liked traveling throughout Texas," he wrote on his Facebook page, "but it was also grueling and I was exhausted. I was proud of what I accomplished!"
Esser is a faculty member for an online university, and that position lets him spend the weekends on the road. "Just like some people would spend the whole weekend hunting or fishing, I'll travel," he told County magazine.
In a warmup to his statewide quest, he visited every
Buc-ee's in Texas over three days in 2018.
In 2019, he and Victoria Burgess wed. "Victoria stays home most of the time that I travel," he said. "My style of travel is kind of grueling, where I'll often go from 4 a.m. to
10 p.m. and then sleep in my car. If she does come with me, it is usually because we're going somewhere to visit family or friends." And they stay in hotels on those trips.
Fatherhood and gas prices
His expedition has entered a slower phase now that the Essers have an almost 6-month-old son, Austin. Esser said that Impulsive Traveler Guy Jr. has already been on his first road trip; he went 150 miles to Marshfield, Wisconsin, to visit his great-grandmas. "It was an interesting experience," he said, "as we had to feed him at the rest stop."
Gasoline prices have also put a damper on his travels, but his trusty 2017 Ford Focus gets 40-plus miles per gallon, so that benefit helps soften the blow, he said. "With that being said, it definitely stings a bit."
As of mid-June, Esser had been to 700 counties and had added all of Iowa to his list. That number is more than one-fifth of the U.S. total of about 3,100. He expects that his quest to visit all of them will take 10 years. Esser is also a member of the Extra Miler Club, whose members all have the same goal to visit every U.S. county. But Esser's progress may be slow-going for a while, he said, because taking care of his son is his top priority.
Return visits and road food
When asked which five places in Texas he would like to revisit, he listed Palo Duro Canyon, Lockhart — for more barbecue — Sulphur Springs, Denton and the border by Eagle Pass and Del Rio.
Rosa's Cantina in El Paso has some of the best
Mexican food that he has ever had, Cody Esser
says. (Credit: Cody Esser)
Cooper's Old Time Pit Bar-B-Que in College Station gets an
"awesome" rating from Cody Esser. (Credit: Cody Esser)
In his travels outside of Texas, he has come across
some interesting snacks, such as ketchup-flavored
Doritos from Canada. (Credit: Cody Esser)
Among his many favorites are Rosa's Cantina in El Paso, Cooper's Old Time Pit Bar-B-Que in College Station, Slovacek's in West, Rodee's Country Fried Chicken in Eagle Pass and Salas Better Burger in Del Rio.
Esser's travels have also taken him across the border into Canada, where he likes to pick up ketchup-flavored potato chips. Canada even has ketchup-flavored Doritos. "Since I've been staying close to home," he said, "I've been eating a lot of cheese curds and landjaegers." A landjaeger is semidried sausage that's eaten as a snack.
To learn more about Esser's adventures and to see his photos and videos of county courthouses, road food and assorted oddities, take a look at his Facebook page (www.facebook.com/impulsivetravelerguy) and his blog (www.impulsivetravelerguy.com).


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Three Picture Books for You or for Your Classroom
I've bombarded your inbox this week because of some timely reviews and announcements. I'll be taking a short blogging break, but will be back soon with more giveaways and reviews.
I'm the fortunate recipient of many fine picture books to review and give away. Here are three that I think would be great resources in a classroom library --although you are welcome to try and win them for a beloved young reader!
America, Here I Come!
The author, Kyra Burton, is passionate about helping child immigrants transition to living in the United States. Her story follows Anna and Artem who live in Odessa in the Ukraine--"the most beautiful place in the world"--and a city that has beautiful butterflies. The children are upset when their parents announce they are moving to Raleigh, NC, where both of them have obtained jobs. The siblings dread having to make new friends and going to new schools; Anna finds some comfort by expressing her feelings in a journal. After getting settled in their new home, both Anna and Artem make new friends at a neighborhood park. On the way home they spot a butterfly and Anna points to it and thinks, "This butterfly is almost as pretty as the ones...back home." See Kyra's website for more resources on making America home.
Miep and the Most Famous Diary: The Woman Who Rescued Anne Frank's Diary
Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl is a classic that's informed a world of readers of the atrocities of the Holocaust. But, who knows the story of Miep Gies--the woman who put her own life on the line in order to save Anne's family and several other Jews? Miep and The Most Famous Diary written by Meeg Pincus and illustrated by Jordi Solano, gives a different perspective on this famous story. The day that her friends are arrested is one that Miep has dreaded for two years. After they are carted away by the Nazis, Miep finds Anne's diary, knowing that Anne dreamt of publishing it after the war. She hides it and refuses to read it. But when Mr. Frank returns after the war, Miep gives him this wonderful reminder of his intelligent, hopeful daughter.
Everybody Says MEOW
Readers of my blog aren't strangers to Constance Lombardo and her love for all things feline (Mr. Puffball, anyone?). In her debut picture book, Constance has written and illustrated a fun, colorful picture book that is short on words, but big on a lesson about inclusivity. Toddlers will enjoy identifying the different animals and repeating the noises that each make. Great pre-reading skills are reinforced for first readers.
Please leave a comment by 6 PM on December 14. Leave your NAME and email address (I don't know who UNKNOWN is!) and which book you'd like to receive. Both America, Here I Come and Everybody Says MEOW are autographed by the author. I'll mail them on Monday and hopefully you'll get them in time for Christmas.
at December 11, 2019 18 comments:
Labels: America here I come, Anne Frank, cats, Constance Lombardo, Everybody Says Meow, Germany WWII, giveaway, immigrants, Kyra Burton, Meeg PIncus, Miep and the Most Famous Diary, picture books, Sleeping Bear Press
Starting in January, Brenda Covert and I will be giving writing workshops in several South Carolina Hobby Lobby stores.
The cost for each two-hour workshop is $25.00. But, if you purchase a workshop by December 31, it is only $20.00. (See payment details below.)
Supplies: Notebook and pen, laptop, tablet, or whatever you're most comfortable writing on. Or, use a journal from Hobby Lobby and a special set of colored pens.
Description: This poetry writing workshop is for teens and adults who want to craft the perfect poem for Valentine's Day. Brenda Covert, author of a teen poetry curriculum, will help you find your poetic voice so that you have a poem suitable for framing and gift-giving. A gift from your heart is the best gift of all!
Email Cathy Biggerstaff. Let her know which workshop you are purchasing and who will be attending. She will then send you a PayPal invoice. DEADLINE for the discount is 12/31/19 but participants can also pay when they come. Checks should be made out to Write2Ignite. Questions? Contact me or Brenda Covert.
at December 09, 2019 6 comments:
Labels: Brenda Covert, fiction, Hobby Lobby, poetry, teaching teens, Write2Ignite, writing workshops
Voices: The Final Hours of Joan of Arc - An Audiobook Review and Giveaway
Congratulations to Jo Lynn Worden who won Sandra Warren's book, Obsessed By A Promise.
If you want to read a masterful portrayal of deep POV from multiple perspectives (as well as from the perspective of objects) then I recommend that you get hold of a copy of Voices: The Final Hours of Joan of Arc. Not only will you have a great mentor text for deep POV, but you'll also experience multiple types of poetic forms from the medieval period. Plus, you'll discover what life was like for Joan of Arc.
Kudos to author, David Elliott. I can't imagine the research needed to write this short book in beautiful, classical poetry.
Joan's story is told through herself, her mother, father, different witnesses at her Trial of Condemnation and testimony from the posthumous Trial of Nullification. But that is far from all. Charles VII also has a voice--one that is filled with his embarrassment over a young maid who said he needed her to rescue France from the English.
Joan was a diligent, virtuous daughter, who could spin and mend better than any other woman in her village. But she was bored by these common, household tasks that bound her. In her fierce loyalty to her king, Charles VII, she believed that she could help him win the Hundred Year War. Around the age of thirteen she reported that she started receiving visions from saints and angels. They were her guides as she left home on her passionate journey to save her country. The archangel Michael has a voice of his own in the narrative.
The author personifies both objects which Joan encountered as well as concepts. For example, here are parts of the poem from the voice of Joan's needle which she used as a young woman:
In the circle of women, is where I am found. Stitching and hemming and mending. I've been handled by many both maiden and crone...No one could touch her, the girl they called Joan. Ferocious, focus, strong-willed. She was a warrior, the linen her foe. I was her weapon, her sword in her hand.
Other objects had voices. A pitchfork used by a farmer turned soldier, ("Why did he take me away from the farm?"); a 700-year-old sword she requested be brought to her ("How did she find me? Why did she take me from my rest?"); the alms she gave to the poor ("I felt precious in her hand"); the cattle she cared for ("Why did she see angels?"); her hair ("Cut off to her ears because it was too alluring to men"); the arrow that missed its target; the crossbow that found her thigh; her red dress she always wore and the tunic that replaced it; her virginity, and lust. Dramatically repeated was the somber voice of Fire: burning, soaring, and ready to devour.
Because of the graphic and intimate portrayal of Joan's life and death, I recommend this for mature teens and adults. It would be a remarkable gift for someone who fits that category of readers.
Outside of Nikki Grimes' books, I rarely listen to a book and recommend that the audio version is the best way to "read" the novel. But in this case, I can't say enough about the dramatization that the three narrators, Saskia Maarleveld, Celeste Ciulla, and Luis Moreno provide. Their voices give a rich depth to the characters and objects that populated Joan of Arc's last years. Here is an audio snippet.
To enter, please leave a comment by December 12 with your email address if you are new to my blog. This is another giveaway courtesy of Recorded Books. Continental Unites States only.
Labels: adults, book for mature teens, Celeste Ciulla, Charles VII, David Elliott, France, giveaway, historical fiction, Hundred Year War, Joan of Arc, Luis Moreno, medieval poetry, Recorded Books, Saskia Maarleveld
Obsessed by a Promise: A Review, Author Interview, and Autographed Giveaway
I blogged about the Orphan Train at the time that I reviewed Rory's Promise. When Sandra Warren told me about her new book, I was intrigued to find another book on the subject, this time from the perspective of an adult.
In this multi-point-of-view "rags to riches" story, the reader meets a young boy, nicknamed Blue, who in 1929 is left in charge of his younger brother, Bo. Blue is devastated when they are separated and he promises that he'll find Bo. This obsession drives Blue (who later goes by his initials, JT) for fifty years.
Living on the streets of New York City, JT gets a lucky break and is taken in by a storekeeper, Mr. O. The kindly man realizes that JT is smart and responsible and gradually gives him more and more responsibility. At the height of the depression a rich man, Mr. Trasinski, comes to the store wanting to sell apples. JT makes a deal with him that saves Mr. Trasinski and his family--something Mr. Trasinski never forgets.
Fast forward two decades, and JT is like Mr. Trasinski's son, working hard for his land development company. Although JT marries Mr. Trasinski's beautiful daughter, Adrianna, his marriage and the subsequent birth of their son, Jake, is marred by JT's incessant search for Bo. Even his business trips become excuses to find his brother. When he realizes that Bo was taken west on the Orphan Train, JT hopes his search is almost over. It's not until JT risks losing Jake that he realizes the mistakes he made always putting Bo, his "phantom brother" before the people he truly loved.
Two unexpected twists at the end bring the story to a satisfactory close. This well-researched family saga is full of love, the price of success, grief, and regret.
CAROL: What drew you to the story of the Orphan Train?
SANDRA: The idea that children, most homeless but not all, could be taken from the streets, put on trains and shipped across country, lined up on a stage and given away, auction style, to couples who asked for them, surprised and horrified me. Even though the concept was developed with good intentions, all I could think of were the pitfalls. When I learned siblings were often separated, the story of Blue and Bo began to unfold.
CAROL: How did you research and for how long?
SANDRA: My introduction to the Orphan Train was back in the late 1990's. The Internet was in its infant stage of development when I began writing the screenplay so I had to rely on the resources listed in a book I found. My research revolved around the basic facts and a few personal accounts as well as information about the era between 1929 and 1979. Twenty-two years later, when the novel finally came together, the Internet was immensely helpful in fine tuning time and place aspects of the story.
CAROL: Why did you choose different POV?
SANDRA: The story was first written and optioned as a screenplay. Having developed it as such, each character had motivations, flaws, and purpose. It seemed a natural progression to write the novel from different points of view. For me, it was the easiest way to weave the basic facts into the story, allowing each character's side of the issue to come forward.
CAROL: What were your challenges writing in this manner?
SANDRA: Each character had to appear and behave in a manner different from the others, yet consistent with their role in the story. Having it first written as a screenplay helped tremendously.
CAROL: Who is your readership?
SANDRA: The screenplay was written with adults in mind. However, I've had two agents tell me it fit the young adult (YA) genre and what is now called a crossover book.
CAROL: As a self-published author, how are you marketing the book?
SANDRA: The trick is to be creative in getting the word out.
Social Media; Amazon, Facebook, Pinterest, my website, podcasts, radio interviews, etc.
Collaboration with other authors.
Personal appearances: exhibits, holiday markets, artists galleries, bookstores, festivals. I use personal appearances to get the word out about my presentations.
Presentations: schools and local organizations such as Rotary, Kiwanis, Historical Societies, Veterans groups, Newcomers, festivals, church groups, etc.
Offering workshops and classes.
Revising the screenplay and pursue options again. Obviously, selling the screenplay will lead to many book sales.
ONE LAST WORD FROM SANDRA: Writing Obsessed By A Promise made my respect for novelists grow immensely. Previously, the longest books I'd written were non-fiction and military memoirs where I gathered the facts and make them readable. It was super challenging to have to create the scene, give it a sense of time and place without appearing to do so, as well as develop characters that can tell the story I wanted told.
Sandra is giving away an autographed copy of Obsessed By A Promise to one fortunate reader. It would make a great holiday gift for the history lover reader on your list. Leave me a comment by December 5 for a chance to win. Double your chances by sharing this post on social media or following my blog. Make sure you leave me your email address and let me know what you did. Continental United States only.
Labels: adult historical fiction, family saga, multi POV, Orphan Train, rags to riches, Sandra Warren, self-published, the depression
We are All That's Left: A Review and a Great Audio CD for You
Congratulations to Danielle Hammelef who won BLACK GIRLS LIKE ME from last week's blog.
I always enjoy sharing amazing books and a young adult author who I'm unfamiliar with. That's what you'll find if you read, or listen to, Carrie Arcos' book, We Are All That's Left (Philomel, 2018). Both narrators, Laura Knight Keating and Elisabeth Rodgers, perform the book with clarity, fervor, and excellence. (Please keep in mind that quotes may not be exact; I took notes as I did other tasks.)
Told in dual points of view, Ms. Arcos provides readers with an intimate look at the effects of the Bosnian War as well as a very personal experience with modern day terrorism. If you're not familiar with this civil war, you might want to read about it first.
The book opens with a view of the River Drina and the bridge that crosses it. The bridge plays an important part in the story and also symbolizes the connection between Zara and her mother, Nadja.
Quickly, the reader discovers that Zara feels shut out from her mother's life. Although Zara knows that her mother lived through the Bosnian War and she hears the screams from her nightmares, Nadja never speaks about it. Zara doesn't go anywhere without her camera, but her mother can't stand the sound of a camera clicking. Zara concludes, We have nothing in common except our sea green eyes.
Then, a terrorist attacks.
On a summer day, Zara and her brother Benny are at a farmer's market with their mother. Without warning, a bomb goes off, their lives are shattered, and Zara is left holding her mother's yellow ballet slipper.
At that point, the novel switches to Nadja's story in 1992. She's a teenager in love with a Serb teen photographer, Marco. They both plans to study in Sarajevo. And even though they are different ethnically, who cares? They are both Bosnians.
Then, war breaks out.
The story flits back and forth between the present in which Zara deals with severe physical, emotional, spiritual, and psychological wounds, and Nadja's heart-rending, horrific story. Nadja is in a coma as a result of the attack and Zara experiences a wide range of emotions. Their silence seems no different than what is normal between them, but Zara fears that her mother will die and they'll never truly know each her.
Before the attack, Zara had enrolled in a photography class. Although she feels like a freak with bandages across her face, she decides to attend. Each student must create a photo story. The instructor prompts: "What do you want the viewer to feel? Look for stories around you. What story are you in?"
Zara finds a box full of old letters and photos that Marco took. She feels like she's discovered a treasure which leads her to anger and grief over the grandparents (and uncle) she never knew. I've peaked over an abyss I didn't know existed.
The book holds a sense of timelessness. The events are different in time and place, but Zara grapples with the violence her mother experienced and the ISIS attack against her community haunt her day and night. My emptiness is all that's left.
Zara meets Joseph who is also searching for meaning in suffering. Zara wonders how God allows terrorist attacks. Joseph shares his spiritual journey, but more than anything, becomes a friend with whom Zara can unburden herself. By listening and understanding he helps Zara put back together the pieces of her broken self and her shattered life.
I listened to this at the same time that I was reading For Black Girls Like Me. Mother abandonment is a theme in both books and both fathers are overwhelmed and not quite sure how to help their daughters. At one point Zara's father tells her: "People fear what they do not know." Even though it is true, that hardly satisfies her emotionally.
Zara's photography teacher asks the class to consider their photo stories and ask, "What is the character's narrative and is it true?" Her photography project bridges the gap between mother and daughter and brings healing to their relationship.
When Nadja comes out of the coma, Zara spends hours in the hospital talking to her and hearing her mother's story. Zara concludes, "Maybe God is love. I have no choice but to use the suffering. Love and forgiveness go hand in hand. I survived and am still surviving."
Here is an audio snippet so you can sample this powerful book.
I'm going to give away this book in conjunction with the January issue of Talking Story on Eastern Europe. Leave me a comment (with your email address if you are new to my blog) and I'll add your name to the list. Hang in there--this book is worth waiting for. But if you don't want to wait until then, get a copy now for yourself or the young adult reader in your life! (Continental United States only.) Giveaway ends January 20.
Labels: audio book giveaway, Bosnia, Carrie Arcos, contemporary historical fiction, empathy, forgiveness, Isis, mother daughter, photography, PTSD, Recorded Books, Terrorism, two points of view, young adult girls
For Black Girls Like Me: A Review and a Giveaway
In 2018 I read Nancy Johnson's article on Writer Unboxed encouraging writers to figure out what their novel's big question is. I saved it on my desktop and went back to it several times as I wrote Half-Truths. That question is in my mind and shaping the sequel.
So, it's no coincidence that after I finished reading For Black Girls Like Me (Farrar Straus Giroux, 2019) by Mariama J. Lockington one of my thoughts was, "What is the big question this book answers?"
I don't know if Ms. Lockington has this in her mind when she wrote this middle grade book, but my question for this book would be, "What does a black girl experience who was adopted into a white family and never knew her birth mother?"
Using free verse poetry and poetic prose, the novel provides powerful insight into eleven-year-old Makeda June Kirkland's reality. Readers are immersed into the life of a girl whose hippie mother named her after an Ethiopian girl who died in a famine. Makeda's response: "I like Keda for short. I am not a dead girl." (p. 8)
The book opens with Keda, her older sister Eve, and her used-to-be-concert-violinist mother driving across country to New Mexico to meet their father who has taken a job as the principal cellist in the New Mexico Symphony. "Mama is up front with one hand on the wheel. Her violin in the passenger seat. The neck tipped down like a bottle being emptied into the seat." (p.3) This image poetically foreshadows Mrs. Kirkland's battles.
Music, according to their father, is their legacy. Forced to play piano, but loving singing more, Keda wonders if she sounds like gibberish when she sings since her father outlaws the gibberish of rap, hip-hop, and R and B. Keda's constant question is, "Where do I belong?"
I love Ella and Billie Holiday and oh I just can't get enough of Nina Simone. These women sing and I feel like they are talking to me. Like we are speaking the same language. Like they know what it is to feel loved and lonely all at the same time. (p. 18)
Although Keda realizes her parents love her, that knowledge doesn't stop her from wondering about her birth mother. "Even though these days I can't help feeling like I'll never be whole. That somewhere out there is a woman with my face. Another mother. Missing me the way I miss her." (p. 33)
Keda's voice is in the songs she makes up.
.... I try to imitate different instruments with the sound of my voice. I don't sing any real words. I just open myself to the sounds and sing what I feel. I close my eyes and sway back and forth. I like to think about notes as colors and shapes. I like to swish the notes around in my mouth. Taste them on my tongue. Then I try to fill the whole world with my breath. With my sound.
In Albuquerque, Keda misses her best friend Lena (who is Haitian and was adopted by a white family) and has problems at her new school. Although Keda is used to people staring at her parents and then at her, trying to figure out where she came from, this time it is particularly painful. A teacher assumes she is from Africa, a fellow sixth grader calls her the N-word, and Keda's fragile new world breaks apart.
A brief stint of homeschooling is followed by a disastrous summer. Her father goes on tour, her mother pulls away from the girls and into her own world, and Keda stops hearing from Lena. In a manic turn of events, her mother suddenly decides to take the girls on a trip to Colorado which ends in her attempted suicide--for which Keda blames herself.
The end of the book is a symphony of clashes between the sisters that climax with new empathy and forgiveness. The ways in which the family pulls together after Mrs. Kirkland's hospitalization are painful, tentative, and yet authentic.
I loved one of the final scenes when Keda's mother's violin-playing invades Keda's dream--and she realizes that it's not a dream. After her mother ends her impromptu concert, the two speak honestly about her mother's mental illness and her mother suggests that Keda take formal voice lessons. That night Keda sleeps better than she has in months. In the morning her fantasy friends who she calls the Georgia Belles, sing their last song to her ending with:
Peachy girl
You are ripe
Your own magic
You don't need us to be free
All you need is a song
Diddlee-do-ee
So I fling my blinds open, I open my mouth. I smear my ripe voice all over the morning. And let it ring. (p. 316)
I am giving away my autographed copy of this book. If you are interested in receiving it, please leave me a comment (with your email address if you are new to my blog) by November 14. Want an additional chance? Post this on your social media of choice or start following my blog. Please let me know what you do and I'll add your name twice. Continental United States only.
Labels: adoption, African American protagonist, autographed giveaway, bipolar disorder, book for middle grade girls, contemporary fiction, Mariama J. Lockington, Nancy Johnson, suicide attempt, Writer Unboxed
Meet My New Experts: Four Korean War Veterans
Congratulations to Jo Lynn Worden who won an autographed copy of "God's Blessings of Fall." Thanks to everyone who entered this popular giveaway.
I've been plotting and thinking about my next book, which is tentatively titled, TOXIC. It will be a sequel to HALF-TRUTHS with Kate's younger brother, Woody, as the main character. In the beginning of HALF-TRUTHS, Kate and Woody's father (Ben) leave for the Korean conflict. One of the ways that Kate connects with Lillian, her grandmother's housemaid, is that Lillian's brother, Isaac, is also in Korea.
TOXIC take places a year after the Korean War ends, after Ben and Isaac return home. I realized that I needed to better understand what Korean soldiers experienced during the war and when they returned. Following Joyce Hostetter's apt advice, I went looking for some Korean vets. Here are my new experts who generously shared their experiences.
DICK RIDLEY
Dick Ridley, October, 2019
When I contacted Dick, he told me that his story was boring and that he had it "soft." He was in the artillery and helped man a howitzer that was 4-7 miles away from the front line.
As the picture below shows, it wasn't easy work and the noise was intense and caused hearing loss in later years. But, as Dick said, "We didn't feel a sense of danger. We were young and stupid. I never saw any wounded."
Dick Ridley, 1951
One of the eight men in his gun crew refused to pull the lanyard. He would load and aim it, but never fire it.
This was a letter which Dick received many years later, along with the medal hanging around his neck in the top picture.
Dick worked as a senior designer for Ford and Pontiac in Michigan and then at Freightliner Trucks in Charlotte, NC. In his retirement Dick volunteers in the Carolina Room at the main library. He enjoys scanning documents, maps and pictures and wonders what the story is behind the images.
JOE CURTIS GLOVER
Joe had hoped to go into the Army because he'd heard the Marines were rough and tough and he wanted accounting training. But when he enlisted, they needed more men to fill a Marine platoon and the decision was made for him.
Although he reported that he was generally treated equally as whites, he could tell by the way in which the drill instructors spoke to him and the four blacks (out of 64 men in the platoon), that they were prejudiced. He was assigned to the Motor Transport along with many other black soldiers. His job was to bring men, ammunition, troops, and supplies to the front and take back the wounded or the dead.
"When I wasn't driving, I was in a fox hole." Joe told me about a time in which he hid in a fox hole when the enemy was attacking, along with another soldier. Like other accounts I have read, much of the fighting took place at night. "There were explosions of light. I couldn't see anything and would just shoot towards the sound. I didn't know if I hit somebody or not."
Later, he realized that his fellow Marine in the fox hole got shot. "I didn't know he was dead until I felt his blood."
This letter of commendation hangs on the wall in his den.
Joe stayed in the Marines and was in the Motor pool for several years. He kept pushing to take accounting classes but was often told that the classes were full. His wife Dorothy added that he was not treated with respect when he returned to the States. Joe's persistence paid off. He received the training he wanted, worked his way up, and became a fiscal officer in charge of a large budget, reporting to a Major.
Dorothy and Joe Glover, October, 2019
Joe retired from the Marines, worked for the Postal Service, and is now retired in Travares, Florida. He and his wife have 27 great grandchildren.
PRESTON WOODWARD
Preston Woodward, November, 2019
Preston Woodward's family estimated that he had 100 pieces of shrapnel in his body--many of which were never removed because the surgery would have damaged his body. Unashamed, Preston told me to feel the 2-inch bump in his arm and showed me scars on his legs.
Preston joined the Marines right out of high school. "It was the right thing to do," he said. "They needed people and the Marines was the roughest outfit."
When he was unloaded off the ship in Korea, the men were marched straight to the front. It was the middle of the night, the men were hungry, and the terrain was difficult. He was a part of a nine men fire team; he carried the BAR (Browning automatic rifle).
"They wanted us to confront civilians and jump off to take a small hill. It took so many casualties to accomplish what we were supposed to [do]. It was all mixed up with people coming and going. Wounded going out and new Marines coming in. We weren't trained right, we thought we were ready, but we weren't. Seeing the real Marine Corps changes you."
When Preston got hit in his leg from an explosion, he bandaged it himself. "Small fragments would scatter and hurt you. The corpsmen were busy and I was no wimp. I kept going and prayed it would cease." As far as he could see, the war had grown on either side of him. "I used to think, 'Why do people line up on two sides and kill each other?'"
As we talked, Preston's shoulders, neck, and legs jerked and twisted. He still has a lot of pain from the shrapnel and some of his memories were jumbled. As far as I could tell, after a severe bombing, he laid out on the field wounded for 4-5 days. If he moved, the enemy would lob more grenades. The force of the explosions from the concussion grenades flipped him over.
Preston was captured and taken to a Chinese medical station. After that he was a prisoner-of-war for "one year, ten months, and sixteen days" until the war ended. Although Preston doesn't remember much about that imprisonment, he relayed that he was interrogated and threatened with death. He didn't have the information they were looking for, but they attempted to brainwash him.
After the war, Preston returned to Florida and had multiple operations. "I was fearful of loud noises like a shotgun. I'd jump up and think someone was coming at me." He had nightmares and drank too much. His parents taught him to be courageous, his father told him that his anxiety would end, and his friends advised him to go back into fearful situations. Seeing what alcohol did to his buddies helped him to quit; he did resume hunting and got over his fear of loud noises.
Preston had difficulty staying on the job because of his physical limitations due to his injuries. He was widowed three times and now lives in an assisted living facility in central Florida. Parked out front is his Ford black pick-up truck that he would love to drive.
After we talked, Preston carefully tucked his cap inside his belt. "That's what we used to do," he told me with a smile.
CURTIS KOJO MORROW
My last expert to highlight in this post is not someone who I have interviewed. Rather, I "met" Curtis Morrow in the pages of his memoir, What's a Commie Ever Done to Black People? (McFarland & Co., 1997).
Curtis was 17 when he enlisted in the Army and joined the 24th Infantry Regiment Combat Team. This unit, originally known as the Buffalo Soldiers, was the Army's last all Negro unit; it was deactivated in 1951 when black soldiers were officially integrated into the other units in Korea.
I will most likely review this book, so let me just say that it is raw, authentic, gritty, and memorable. It is not for the faint of heart, but it illuminates the Korean conflict through a young, vulnerable, and courageous black teenager. The word pictures that Mr. Morrow painted have stayed with me long after I read them.
Photo from Facebook, taken in 2014
Mr. Morrow is an author, artist, and freelance photographer who lives in Chicago.
These men sacrificed more than I can imagine. Now, their stories will inform mine. As I write TOXIC, I'm thinking about the horrors which Woody's father, Ben Dinsmore, saw in Korea and how that will shape Woody's life. What did Isaac Harris see and experience? When he comes back to Charlotte, what will his life be like, and how will he influence Woody?
I'm using One Stop for Writers to explore these characters' backstories. I hope you hang in there with me as I build a new story.
Labels: artillery, Dick Ridley, experts, Half-Truths, interviews, Joe Glover, Joyce Hostetter, Korean veterans, Korean War, Marines, Motor Corps, One Stop for Writers, Preston Woodward, TOXIC
Life as a Published Author: A Guest Post by Jean Hall
For over ten years Jean Matthew Hall and I have encouraged each other as writers. I was delighted when she received her first publishing contract for Bountiful Blessings Series with Little Lamb Books. I hope you take a minute to read my review of her first book in the series, The Blessings of Fall. Jean's words are lyrical and the illustrations by Olya Badulina's are beautiful.
In this post, Jean shares what it's felt like to enter into the world of being a published author.
BRING IT ON, JEAN!
Becoming an official author is an emotional roller-coaster!
My family thinks I'm up there with James Patterson and is celebrating my "fame!" I love them and their enthusiasm for this time in my life.
I feel excited to be in the spotlight right now – no matter how small that spotlight is!
Gratitude to God swells up in me each time I read the book, God's Blessings of Fall on real paper with real ink. God does give us dreams in our lives, and He helps us make them a reality sometimes. This experience is a dream come true for sure.
Writing friends are high-fiving me on social media, at conferences, via email. It's fun to have a tribe ya-hooing with me.
Current friends are excited to think they know a REAL author! My Sunday School class have no small children, but they are rushing to Amazon and Barnes & Noble to order copies of the book.
I especially enjoy my visits to kindergarteners, first and second graders in Christian schools. The kids are excited. The teachers are excited. I'm excited. So much enthusiasm for what the Lord has done.
And for a few moments I feel like a celebrity.
The school visits are tiring for this old lady, but I love them. Such wonderful memories rush back as I stand or sit in front of dozens of adorable kids glued to the pages of the book. Many thanks to Olya Badulina and Little Lamb Books for creating gorgeous artwork to bring the text to life.
I might sing a childhood hymn with the little ones as they keep rhythm ("All Things Bright and Beautiful" or "This Is My Father's World"). Or we might make paper plate owls together. I help kindergarteners cut large paper leaves and string them up. Teachers get the fun of figuring out how to suspend them from the ceiling.
It's all fun! And that is what reading is supposed to be. I am glad for every class, every school, every opportunity to share with children:
The beauty of God's creation
The language of art
The beauty of words
The joy of reading
The fun of sharing
If you write books for young children find some schools that will let you in!
There's a lot of work and preparation for each visit, but it is so worth it. If you write for older kids, you can share the fun and hard work of writing and creating with students. Most of them are hungry to learn. And they are fascinating by the writing and publishing process.
Teachers are, too.
So, dive in! Hunt down the schools in your area. Make a spreadsheet of contact info. Spend a few hours on your phone and email. You can do it.
Then you, too, can feel like a celebrity.
And share God's blessings with the next generation of readers and writers.
Jean is giving away a copy of God's Blessings of Fall to one fortunate blog reader. Leave me a comment (make sure you leave your email address!) and I'll enter your name. For an additional chance to win, post this on social media and let me know what you did. Giveaway ends November 7. Continental United States only.
Jean Matthew Hall has spent most of her life singing songs, reading books, playing games, cutting, coloring and gluing with children of all ages. And, she loves it! Creating encouraging board books and picture books is her idea of fun, but her favorite times are spent with her eight grandchildren.
Contact Jean or learn more about her here:
Website/Blog www.jeanmatthewhall.com
Facebook Jean Matthew Hall Author
Twitter Jean_Hall
Pinterest JeanMatthew_Hall
Labels: debut picture book, giveaway, Jean Hall, Little Lamb Books, Olya Badulina, school visits, support of friends, The Blessings of Fall
"Small With Big Dreams" at SCBWI-C 2019 Conference
On a spur of the moment I decided to attend a panel discussion with Lisa Kline, Robin Kirk, and Katie Pryle; I was glad that I did! Lisa and Robin are both authors who have been published by Blue Crow Publishing, a traditional small press which Katie co-founded with Lauren Faulkenberry.
Katie Pryal, Lisa Kline, Robin Kirk
LISA KLINE
My blog readers are no strangers to Lisa's work. I was privileged to host her cover reveal of her most recent book, One Week of You, wrote about Summer of the Wolves, and blogged about her first book, Eleanor Hill.
Lisa has published ten books with publishers of varying sizes including Carus Publishing, Delacorte Press, Zondervan, and now Blue Crow. Her books have been both agented and non-agented. She submitted to Blue Crow without an agent and was impressed with their prompt response; an offer of publication followed within weeks of her requested revisions. This was very different than the long wait she had sometimes experienced with the larger publishing houses.
Lisa said she has enjoyed her personal connection with Katie and Lauren. "Publishers who are writers know what it's like to write and publish a book. Katie and Lauren's comments inspired me to make my book better."
Lisa acknowledged that when your book is with a smaller publisher it may be more challenging to get reviews. Although all the publishers have given her marketing assistance and submitted her books for awards, the downside of a large publisher is that after six months the publisher sometimes must turn to the next book they need to promote.
Blue Crow continues to promote One Week of You on their site and at conferences. In addition, they promote whatever she does. Lisa finds that she has to do a good deal of her own marketing, but all authors in today's publishing atmosphere must market. Lisa received a larger royalty than most publishers offer, but not an advance.
ROBIN KIRK
Robin Kirk's debut novel The Bond, is a young adult post-apocalyptic story that is much different than the nonfiction titles she has previously published.
In her presentation, Robin recommended researching all publishing options. Her nonfiction books have been published by Duke University Press, The University of Massachusetts Press, and others. She suggested I consider contacting the Charlotte Historical Society as a potential publisher for HALF-TRUTHS.
She discussed the pros and cons of hybrid publishing which often demands a large investment of time and money. Robin recommended reading what Lyn Miller-Lachmann had to say on the topic if you are interested in pursuing it. Forming a co-op with other authors who publish similar books is another option. Here is an article by Jane Friedman on that. Authors can create a website, form imprints, share resources and even purchase ISBN numbers this way. Here is a link to Jane Friedman's popular chart on different publishing paths.
Robin also recommended joining the Authors Guild as well as a Facebook group in your writing genre. Finally, she also recommended Zotero, which is a free online bibliography manager that is awesome. Thanks to Robin, my next WIP already has a budding bibliography!
KATIE PRYAL
Katie Rose Guest Pryal is the co-publisher of Blue Crow Publishing. Here were some of her observations:
She has yet to hear positive experience about hybrid publishing by which she means publishers that require you to pay to get your book published while also requiring you to surrender your rights. On the other hand, she strongly supports self-publishing and author co-op groups.
Traditional publishing thrives on keeping authors in the dark. She and Lauren founded Blue Crow with the intention of being transparent, honest, and available to their authors. (Check out their mission statement.)
Blue Crow receives unagented submissions and publishes about five books a year.
Referral via one of their authors is the best way to connect with her.
The landscape of trade reviews is changing. It is hard for small presses to get picked up by the trades. At the same time, however, book bloggers are becoming more and more important, even more important than trade reviews, when it comes to marketing a book to a wide audience.
That final note was music to my ears! It reminded me of my experience at Highlights Summer Camp in 2016 when assistant editor, Cherie Matthews, announced that Carol Baldwin's blog was one that she followed--without knowing I was in the audience! Both times I felt validated--all my blogging work is paying off!
Speaking of small with big dreams, I think my friend's son was the smallest attendee at the fall conference. He has been "reading" for months!


text:
La  du Tour de France 1919 s'est déroulée le mercredi .

Les coureurs relient Bayonne, dans les Basses-Pyrénées, à Luchon, en Haute-Garonne, au terme d'un parcours de .

Le Français Honoré Barthélémy gagne sa première victoire d'étape, tandis que son compatriote Eugène Christophe conserve la première place du classement général.

C'est la première étape de haute montagne de l'édition.

Parcours
Les coureurs prennent le départ de la sixième étape à Bayonne, se dirige vers de Ustaritz, Cambo et Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port pour la montée au col d'Osquich alors donné à  d'altitude en passant dans le Pays basque par  Mauléon  jusqu'à Tardets (Soule).

Puis c'est la traversée du Béarn par Oloron-Sainte-Marie et Arudy et la montée en vallée d'Ossau en passant par Laruns et les Eaux-Bonnes, avec l'enchaînement du  col de Torte () puis du col d'Aubisque donné à , deuxième gros obstacle du jour que l'Italien Luigi Lucotti franchira en premier, et enfin le col du Soulor donné à l'époque à  en limite des Basses-Pyrénées et des Hautes-Pyrénées.

On attaque la descente dans le val d'Azun jusqu'à Argelès-Gazost par la route nationale 618, en direction  du pays Toy jusqu'à Luz, où est entrepris l'ascension du col du Tourmalet donné à , grand col pyrénéen inscrit au programme d'un Tour de France dès l'édition 1910 et pour la sixième fois en 1919, que le Français Honoré Barthélémy franchira en tête.

La descente se fait vers la vallée de Campan en traversant la station de La Mongie jusqu'à Sainte-Marie-de-Campan où débute l'ascension, dans la vallée de Payolle, du col d'Aspin () pour la sixième difficulté du jour et ou Honoré Barthélémy est toujours en tête.
Puis c'est la descente  jusqu'à Arreau en direction  de la vallée du Louron et de Bordères par Avajan où commence l'ascension vers le col de Peyresourde alors donné à  d'altitude. La descente finale est en vallée du Larboust jusqu'à l'arrivée à Luchon et  de course..

Les coureurs franchissent 7 cols : Osquich, Aubisque, Tortes, Soulor, Tourmalet, Aspin et Peyresourde avant l'arrivée sur Luchon.

Déroulement de la course
Luigi Lucotti est le premier à s'échapper. Dans la montée du col d'Aubisque à hauteur des Eaux-Bonnes, il place une accélération et arrive seul au sommet, avant de poursuivre son effort. Mais l'Italien faiblit dans les premières pentes du col du Tourmalet, ce qui permet à Honoré Barthélémy et Firmin Lambot de le rattraper puis de le dépasser. Barthélémy, dont c'est la première participation au Tour de France, finit par distancer Lambot pour s'imposer seul à Luchon. Deuxième de l'étape, le Belge réussit pourtant une belle opération au classement général, en revenant à un peu plus de  d'Eugène Christophe, seulement cinquième de l'étape.

Classements

Classement de l'étape
Seize coureurs sont classés. René Chassot abandonne.

Classement général

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .

Articles connexes
 Liste des coureurs du Tour de France 1919

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1919-6
1919-6
1919-6
Sport à Bayonne
Étape du Tour de France à Bagnères-de-Luchon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Kanye West Announces New Song "Lift Yourself"
5 years ago in CultureWords By Jonathan Sawyer
Getty Images / Neilson Barnard
Amidst all the political hoopla, there is actually music on the way. Kanye West has in turn taken to Twitter today to announce a new song, titled "Lift Yourself," and you can listen to it right here.
Back at it with the fire emojis, Kanye says, "I'm going to drop a song with a verse that will bring Ebro the closure he's been seeking. The bars ???????????????????????????????????"
To view this external content, please click here.
The track begins as though it was an early soul-infused Kanye West production, before moving into some strange gibberish rhymes toward the end of the tune.
In addition to "Lift Yourself," we can also look forward to a new 'Ye x Travis Scott track, supposedly dropping this week, as well as music with A$AP Rocky and Lil Uzi Vert. West's new solo album is due out June 1, while Kanye x Kid Cudi is scheduled to arrive June 8.
For more surrounding Yeezy, Donald Trump just tweeted his appreciation for Kanye and Chance The Rapper, as Chance then took to Twitter to issue an apology for any confusion surrounding West and Trump.
Jonathan SawyerCopywriter
Not NYC, not LA.
The Stem Player Doesn't Need Kanye's Money
Is This the End of Luxury's Sans-Serif Logo Era?
Sorry Nike, Jack Harlow Rocks New Balance in White Men Can't Jump
EXCLUSIVE: MSCHF Made Boots Fit for Astro Boy
Sailor Moon Fights for Love & Jimmy Choo's


text:
Q: How to make my python code more easy to track object attributes? I have been reading some fortran project source code. Fortran subroutines can accept both 'in' and 'out' variables, which make it possible to specify what variables change in the subroutine. For example,
subroutine Foo(A, B, C)
    real*8; intent(in)::A
    real*8; intent(out)::B
    real*8; intent(out)::C

When I call Foo(A ,B ,C), I would know that A, B, C may change in the subroutine.
However, I usually write python code in this way:
class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.a = 1
        self.b = 2
    def method_a(self):
        self.a = (self.a)**2
    def method_b(self):
        self.b = (self.b)**2

While in my main program
foo=Foo()
foo.method_a()
foo.method_b()
print(foo.a)

If I am not familiar with this code, it is extremely difficult to track what happens to foo.a, because I don't know if any method changes foo.a.
So, how to make my python code more easy to track object attributes?
Edit: I have to clarify that I have much more python experience than fortran. My question is how to make source code more easy for readers to track object attributes.


THE CONFESSIONS OF J. J. ROUSSEAU, BOOK VII.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (French: [ʒɑ̃ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th century. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological, and educational thought.


text:
IN-famous doctrines
Theology | Let's give two cheers for diverse intersectionality
In ¡Three Amigos!, a funny 1986 movie, one particular word puzzles Dusty Bottoms (Chevy Chase): "What does that mean? Infamous?" Ned Nederlander (Martin Short) responds, "Infamous is when you're more than famous! This guy El Guapo is not just famous, he's IN-famous!"
Answering objections
Books | Smart questions to equip defenders of Christian faith and doctrine
Everyday Apologetics: Answering Common Objections to the Christian Faith, edited by Paul Chamberlain and Chris Price (Lexham, 2020), suggests many good rejoinders. For example, if critics complain that the Trinity is hard to explain: "Would we really expect descriptions of an infinite God to be clear and simple all the way through?" C.S. Lewis noted that some people think Christians made up Christianity, but the doctrine of the Trinity does not look like a teaching anyone would have made up.
Thinking about close elections
Politics | What history can tell us about approaching pivotal presidential contests
As pundits write about whether this is a Flight 93 election—win or die—and an election that won't be decided until well after Nov. 3, I've delved into previous WORLD coverage to see what's new and what's just blue. So here's a three-parter. First, reflections on what seemed like pivotal elections. Second, what it was like right after Election Day 2000, when we had an indecisive election. Third, what it was like five weeks later when the Supreme Court finally ended the suspense—and, then, no one rioted.
On the personal glide path
Journalism | But WORLD will go higher
"There's a Million Things I haven't done / But just you wait, just you wait." Those lines in the great musical Hamilton are ones many of us feel, but at some point in God's choosing our time runs out, and we get to experience greater things. It's no contradiction for Christians to look forward to heaven but to be in no hurry to get there: Major league starting pitchers know that these days complete games are rare, but they still want to get through seven or eight innings.
The case against Donald Trump
Q&A | A negative assessment of Trump's tenure and future outlook
In this issue, we offer contrary views of President Donald Trump from two people I greatly respect. David French is senior editor of The Dispatch, a conservative website, and a member of Christ Community Church in Franklin, Tenn. He served in the Iraq War, was a senior counsel at the Alliance Defending Freedom, and was a staff writer for National Review from 2015 to 2019. (Click here to read Wayne Grudem's perspective on Trump.)
The case for Donald Trump
Q&A | A positive assessment of Trump's tenure and future outlook
In this issue, we offer contrary views of President Donald Trump from two people I greatly respect. First, Wayne Grudem, professor of Theology and Biblical Studies at Phoenix Seminary, offers a positive perspective. Grudem is the author of Christian Ethics, Politics—According to the Bible, and 20 more books and was general editor for the ESV Study Bible. Here are edited excerpts from our Sept. 1 interview. (Click here to see David French's perspective on Trump.)
Are you a racist?
Books | Critical thinking about deceptive polling
Marvin Olasky | 9/24/20, 11:28 am
White Too Long by Robert P. Jones (Simon & Schuster, 2020) was No. 3 among Amazon's "history of Christianity" books on Sept. 6. That's both good and bad news: Jones provides useful information on white supremacy but builds a sinkhole too far by constructing a 15-question test and claiming the answers show white evangelicals are racists.
Falling back with looks at the past
Books | Fall Books: Twenty-five history books and biographies in a trying year
Where have you gone, Dwight Eisenhower? A nation turns its lonely eyes to you.
Based on mail from WORLD members, many are reading more during coronavirus time—and history books plus biographies or autobiographies remain their favorites. So as we spiral toward the Nov. 3 presidential election, three new biographies of the mid-20th-century general and president are worth a look. In this 75th year since the end of World War II I'm also recommending five more books connected to the war and 17 other well-written histories.
Heading toward Agincourt
Politics | A new Supreme Court opening ratchets up the tension of a stress-filled year
The weekend that began at dusk on Friday, Sept. 18, brought us Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year's Day, and one more hard twist in a year, 2020, that already looks like three years—COVID-19 year, racial tensions year, and a knife's-edge presidential election campaign—rolled into one.
Marriage's fragile future
Q&A | Changing attitudes, even among young Christians, propel disturbing trends
Mark Regnerus graduated from Trinity Christian College in 1993 and gained his Ph.D. at the University of North Carolina in 2000. He is now a courageous sociology professor at the University of Texas at Austin and the author of Oxford University Press books on sex and marriage with a Biblical base and lively titles like Forbidden Fruit and Cheap Sex.