text:
Statement of Michelle Richardson: Examining Legislative Proposals to Protect Consumer Data Privacy
December 5, 2019 / Michelle Richardson
Statement of Michelle Richardson, Director, Privacy & Data, Center for Democracy & Technology before the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Technology
Examining Legislative Proposals to Protect Consumer Data Privacy
On behalf of the Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), thank you for the opportunity to testify about comprehensive federal privacy legislation. CDT is a nonpartisan, nonprofit 501(c)(3) charitable organization dedicated to advancing the rights of the individual in the digital world. CDT is committed to protecting privacy as a fundamental human and civil right and as a necessity for securing other rights such as access to justice, equal protection, and freedom of expression. CDT has offices in Washington, D.C., and Brussels, and has a diverse funding portfolio from foundation grants, corporate donations, and individual donations.[1]
The Need for Comprehensive Federal Legislation
The U.S. privacy regime today does not efficiently or seamlessly protect and secure Americans' personal information. Instead of one comprehensive set of rules to protect data throughout the digital ecosystem, we have a patchwork of sectoral laws with varying protections depending on the type of data or the entity that processes the information. While this approach may have made sense decades ago, it now leaves a significant amount of our personal information – including some highly sensitive or intimate data and data inferences – unprotected.
Our current legal structure on personal data simply does not reflect the reality that the internet and connected services and devices have been integrated into every facet of our society. Our schools, workplaces, homes, automobiles, and personal devices regularly create and collect, and, increasingly, infer, intimate information about us. Everywhere we go, in the real world or online, we leave a trail of digital breadcrumbs that reveal who we know, what we believe, and how we behave. Overwhelmingly, this data falls in the gaps between regulated sectors.
The lack of an overarching privacy law has resulted in the regular collection and use of data in ways that are unavoidable, have surprised users, and resulted in real-world harm. A constant stream of discoveries shows how this data can be repurposed for wholly unrelated uses or used in discriminatory ways.
While the Federal Trade Commission's ability to police unfair and deceptive practices provide a backstop, large policy gaps around access, security, and privacy exist, which confuse both individual consumers and businesses. Because the FTC is prohibited from using traditional rulemaking processes, the agency has developed a "common law" of privacy and security through its enforcement actions.[2] Creating proactive privacy rights through an episodic approach will not be able to keep up with advances in technology and the explosion of device and app manufacturers.
Privacy and Data Security Legislation Pending in December 2019
Despite repeated criticism that Congress had not moved on privacy legislation, this Committee as well as other committees of jurisdiction have held meaningful hearings over the last year. The chair, ranking member, and several other Commerce committee members have introduced legislation on comprehensive privacy legislation or some piece of the bigger picture. Below are a number of key issues and discussion of how they can be addressed in legislation.[3]
Scope of Legislation
Covered entities. It's crucial that any comprehensive privacy law cover all private sector entities that collect, use, and share personal information.[4] This includes not only the prominent tech companies that have captured our attention recently, but also not-for-profit entities and the communication providers that are currently under FCC jurisdiction for privacy and security enforcement. Creating a single federal standard will ensure that individuals can rely on the same baseline rights as they move across the digital ecosystem. To that end, Chairman Wicker's staff discussion draft[5] is one of the more comprehensive proposals.
We also recommend that legislation not categorically exempt small businesses.[6] They may collect, use, and share data in many of the same ways as larger entities.From the perspective of an individual consumer, the harms they experience are not mitigated because a company has fewer customers or makes less money. A privacy law that is clear and reasonable need not put an undue compliance burden on smaller entities, and many of the provisions in the bills authored by Chairman Wicker and Ranking Member already meet that test.
If the Committee feels that some procedural requirements are too much for a small business to comply with, legislation should adopt the Wicker staff discussion draft approach and exempt smaller entities from specific requirements. For example, it is more important that small businesses meet data security requirements, offer opt-ins, avoid discimination, and provide access, correction, and deletion rights. It is less important that they conduct broader risk assessments, have certain staff members, or provide in depth reporting on their data practices.
Covered data. It is also important that legislation cover all personal data even if the Committee decides that there may be tiers of sensitivity that warrant different substantive requirements. We strongly recommend that the committee define covered personal information consistent with current FTC guidance which is best reflected in Ranking Member Cantwell's draft bill as "information that identifies, or is linked or reasonably linkable to an individual or consumer device, including derived data."[7] The additional qualifier that this data "can be used on its own or in combination with other information held by, or readily accessible to, the covered entity"[8] as proposed in the Wicker staff draft may be overly restrictive. Distinguishing between data that is linkable and that which is not serves two purposes. First, to discourage first parties from unnecessarily associating information with real people, but second, to offer down stream protections when information is shared with affiliates, third parties, or even in the instance of a data breach. These additional reasons for storing and using data in de-identified format will be frustrated by a definition that so heavily focuses on first party linkability.
The core of any privacy and security law must be corporate responsibility. While we should respect the rights of individuals to control their data, any systemic change will have to come from the entities that collect, use, and share data themselves. While a new law will have to regulate businesses of varying sizes, business models and data uses, there are some requirements that can be imposed across the board to ensure individuals receive digital civil rights that do not require them to micromanage the relationships they have with companies. All of the components of corporate responsibility are contained in the bills introduced in the Senate to date and only need to be stitched together to provide meaningful consumer protection.
Data use. Both Chairman Wicker and Ranking Member Cantwells' bills begin to address the exceptionally hard question of whether and how to regulate the use of data beyond any opt-in requirement. The FTC continues to develop a body of common law to prohibit certain data uses on a case by case basis, but a federal privacy law can and should go one step further to categorically prohibit some of the riskiest data uses.
Data use limitations exist to some extent in Chairman Wicker's minimization section[9] and Ranking Member Cantwell's loyalty section.[10] The committee could also borrow from legislation sponsored by Senators Blunt and Schatz on facial recognition technology[11] and Senator Markey's comprehensive privacy bill.[12] Ultimately, data use limitations must go beyond limiting data use to what a company says it will do with data, to creating an objective limitation regardless of what any one privacy policy entails. While there are a number of ways to craft this, a clear purpose limitation on sensitive data will make great strides towards aligning consumer knowledge and expectations with corporate behavior. To the extent that some provisions peg data use to what a company believes is a "reasonable" consumer expectation, they may be subject to bad faith arguments or protracted litigation about what exactly a "reasonable consumer" is.
Artificial intelligence and civil rights. Both bills recognize the importance of providing oversight of artificial intelligence programs and reinforcing longstanding discrimination laws that may be undercut by current data practices. Despite their differences, we hope this signals a commitment to addressing these issues in any final privacy and security legislation. CDT prefers the breadth and depth of Ranking Member Cantwell's approach and looks forward to working with the committee on refining these requirements as necessary as the legislation moves forward.
Data security. CDT commends Chairman Wicker and Ranking Member Cantwell for including data security requirements in their draft bills. Close to half of US states do not have a general purpose data security law, and FTC enforcement under its Section 5 authority will always be limited to what its resources allow. We recommend combining the two and adding one additional provision.
First, the committee should adopt Chairman Wicker's base text in section 204 regarding the requirements of a reasonable data security program. Second, the committee should adopt Ranking Member Cantwell's scoping of data to be covered. Her draft protects not only sensitive information, but all personal information. Because both bills impose a reasonableness standard that will peg to the size and complexity of the organization and the sensitivity and use of the data, it is unnecessary to exempt certain data sets from the overall security requirement. Third, this section should provide overall rulemaking for the FTC. Right now, the Wicker and Cantwell bills require guidance or limited rulemaking, but it is time for the longstanding guidance of the FTC to be written into regulation. To the extent that some in the corporate sector have criticized the FTC's data security requirements as too vague despite long-standing guidance in this space, they will benefit from having regulations on the books to better describe requirements.
Both the Wicker and Cantwell drafts offer meaningful individual controls to individuals and we commend the comprehensive approach contained in them.
Opt in requirements for sensitive data. Both bills include a comprehensive list of sensitive data that is subject to affirmative, express consent. The differences are minimal but the definitions should be amended in a few key ways. First, the committee should adopt an expansive definition of health information, and we recommend borrowing from CDT's model legislation[13] which incorporates not only data that reflects a person's mental and physical status, but data that is processed for health or wellness purposes. As Senator Klobuchar and Murkowski recognize in their Protecting Personal Health Data Act,[14] apps, wearables, and devices are creating and collecting intensely personal information that can be used in ways that greatly affect a person's mental and physical well-being. Any definition should ensure that these resulting data sets receive heightened protection.
Second, sensitive data should include Ranking Member Cantwell's formulation of "information revealing online activities over time and across third-party website[s] or online services."[15] This formulation is meaningfully different from the type of data that will be regulated by "Do Not Track" functions the FTC would facilitate under either proposal.[16] We understand this to mean data collection that is more pervasive and intrusive than first party tracking or one-off identification of an individual which arguably deserve less protection. This formulation is also consistent with Senator Blackburn's BROWSER Act[17] which has long recognized the unique place at which edge providers sit in the ecosystem. While all entities should play by the same set of rules, recognizing that long term tracking of this data is particularly risky for privacy and security is consistent with the overall approach of the bills.
Product development exception. In general, the list of exceptions to the opt-in right contains reasonable data use that is core to offering the product an individual signs up for. They fairly recognize that some data processing is absolutely necessary to offer safe and effective products and cannot be opted out of either individually or at scale. However product development as listed in Chairman Wicker's staff discussion draft is meaningfully different from the rest of the data uses. It permits companies to collect data without someone's consent even if they have no understanding of how it will be used or whether they will benefit from the use at some point in the future. Since product development is solely for the benefits of the companies who collect the data – unlike everything else on this list of exceptions– it should not be done without an individual's consent. To the extent the Committee does not want to inhibit innovation, it should further explore why the de-identification carve out is insufficient for product development, and whether some middle ground should be created for processing data this way.
Access correction deletion portability. The individual controls are comprehensive. Our only suggestion is that the Committee include the timelines drafted into Wicker's staff discussion draft to ensure that rights are afforded on a reasonable timeframe.[18]
Data broker registry. We commend the Wicker staff draft for including a data broker registry housed at the FTC.[19] A registry will ensure that individuals can discover and exercise their rights against data brokers who have amassed incredible amounts of sensitive data on the average American. While many of the provisions in both the Cantwell and Wicker drafts may slim down the amount of information that eventually ends up in data broker databases, these entities are likely to continue collecting information and will still be holding data that has been accrued over decades of largely unregulated data use. That someone can exercise their access, correction, and deletion rights against these entities is the best protection against future data abuse.
Both Chairman Wicker and Ranking Member Cantwell's drafts include meaningful enforcement mechanisms, but they differ in a few important ways.
First, Ranking Member Cantwell includes a private right of action ("PROA") for all violations of the law.[20] CDT believes a targeted private right of action is necessary for meaningful enforcement. This is not only because the number of entities that will be swept under new regulations will necessarily dwarf the resources of the FTC and state attorney generals, but because our history is full of instances where government actors simply did not have the wherewithal to be first movers on important social issues. Because private litigation has served such an important function in civil and consumer rights enforcement in the past, it should be reserved in some form in federal privacy legislation.
It is important to note that all 50 state unfair and deceptive practice laws include some form of a private right of action, even if substantially limited.[21] If a privacy bill seeks to categorically move privacy and data security out of these laws,[22] it should ensure that consumers are at least equally positioned to defend their rights as they are now.
The proper balance likely lies between the Cantwell and Wicker drafts in a specific delineation of what provisions can be enforced by PROA and under what conditions. State and federal laws are full of examples where PROAs are crafted to limit litigation to the most important harms. We recommend that the Committee consider this approach to find the right way to maximize accountability and minimize nuisance litigation. Such litigation controls could include opportunities to cure, harm requirements, reduced or nonexist damages or prior agency review, for example. We look forward to working with the Committee further on finding the right way forward on PROAs.
Second, legislation should allow state attorneys general to bring cases in state court and should not force consolidation of cases into the D.C. Circuit. Courts at every level are backlogged and funneling enforcement into too few courts will greatly delay meaningful defense of consumer rights.
CDT thanks the Commerce Committee for the opportunity to testify about privacy legislation today. We are encouraged by the many thoughtful proposals already introduced in the Senate and believe that passing a single comprehensive privacy and security law should be a priority for committee action in 2020.
[1] All donations over $1,000 are disclosed in our annual report and are available online at: https://cdt.org/financials/.
[2] Daniel J. Solove & Woodrow Hartzog, The FTC and the New Common Law of Privacy, 114 COLUM. L. REV. 583, 606–27 (2014).
[3] CDT focuses here on proposals authored by Chairman Wicker and Ranking Member Cantwell. CDT will have additional analysis on issues not addressed here, time permitting. Legislation by Committee members Thune, Blunt, Fischer, Blackburn, Blumenthal, Schatz, Markey, Klobuchar, and Peters all include important principles or language that can contribute to the final bill.
[4] We do not have a final recommendation as to whether HIPAA, Gramm-Leach-Bliley, FCRA or other existing consumer privacy laws should be reformed and made consistent with comprehensive proposals. CDT generally supports updating those laws, but Congress should move forward in the currently unregulated space if addressing financial services, health care and other sectors becomes an impasse.
[5] STAFF OF S. COMMERCE COMM. CHAIRMAN WICKER, STAFF DISCUSSION DRAFT (2019) available at: https://aboutblaw.com/NaZ (hereinafter WICKER DISCUSSION DRAFT).
[6] Pending proposals that define small businesses as those with a small number of users are more meaningful than previous iterations that focused solely on income or number of employees. These latter two metrics do not have a bearing on whether certain data harms will be deeply or widely felt by users. Ideally, a bill will borrow from the FTC's current guidance that focuses on number of users (5,000) and minimal data processing practices. FED. TRADE COMM. REPORT, PROTECTING CONSUMER PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF RAPID CHANGE: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR BUSINESSES AND POLICYMAKERS 15–16 (2012).
[7] Consumer Online Privacy Rights Act, S. ____, 116th Cong. § 2(8) (2019) (hereinafter COPRA).
[8] WICKER DISCUSSION DRAFT, § 2(7).
[9] WICKER DISCUSSION DRAFT, § 105.
[10] COPRA, § 101.
[11] Commercial Facial Recognition Privacy Act of 2019, S. 847, 116th Cong. § 3 (2019).
[12] Privacy Bill of Rights Act, S. 1214, 116th Cong. § 3 (2019).
[13] CTR. DEMOCRACY & TECH., CDT FEDERAL BASELINE PRIVACY LEGISLATION DISCUSSION DRAFT, § 1(2) (2018). https://cdt.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/2018-12-12-CDT-Privacy-Discussion-Draft-Final.pdf.
[14] Protecting Personal Health Data Act, S. 1842, 116th Cong. § 2 (2019).
[15] COPRA, § 2(20(J).
[16] COPRA §, 105(b); WICKER DISCUSSION DRAFT, § 104(a–b).
[17] Balancing the Rights Of Web Surfers Equally and Responsibly Act of 2019, S. 1116, 116th Cong. § 2(12) (2019).
[18] WICKER DISCUSSION DRAFT, § 103.
[19] Id. § 203.
[20] COPRA, § 301(c).
[21] CAROLYN CARTER, NAT'L CONSUMER LAW CENT., CONSUMER PROTECTION IN THE STATES: A 50-STATE EVALUATION OF UNFAIR AND DECEPTIVE PRACTICES LAWS 32–46 (2018).
[22] While California has a general purpose privacy law, and some states have targeted regulation like Illinois' Biometric Information Privacy Act, privacy law is overwhelming homed in state UDAP statutes at present. Similarly, roughly half of states do not have express data security requirements, so enforcement against unreasonable data security falls under UDAPs too. NAT'L CONFERENCE OF STATE LEGISLATURES, DATA SECURITY LAWS: PRIVATE SECTOR (May 29, 2019) http://www.ncsl.org/research/telecommunications-and-information-technology/data-security-laws.aspx.
PDF of Statement
Comments On the USPTO's Intellectual Property Protection for Artificial Intelligence Innovation
Comments to the FTC on the 2019 COPPA Rule Review

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Write a program in C# Sharp to find the sum of first n natural numbers using recursion.
Previous: Write a program in C# Sharp to print numbers from n to 1 using recursion.
Next: Write a program in C# Sharp to display the individual digits of a given number using recursion.


Traffic Violations: moving and non-moving violations, commercial vehicle violations, failure to maintain financial responsibility, no drivers' license, etc.
Parking Violations: violations of the traffic code and/or city ordinances and are handled administratively as opposed to being criminal cases.
State Code Violations: Class C misdemeanors (crimes punishable by a maximum fine of $500) include: public intoxication, theft (less than $100), disorderly conduct, minors in possession of alcohol, possession of drug paraphernalia, etc.
City Ordinance Violations: violations of juvenile curfew, park curfew, environmental violations (pollution, land-development violations, health and safety violations associated with food service establishments, rubbish at a residence, and animal violations), etc.
To be considerate, effective, efficient, and impartial in the interest of justice.
The court is committed to compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act. Reasonable accommodations and equal access to communications will be provided upon request.
Below are links for you to browse for further information. If you need to contact the court please feel free to do so at 830-875-2115 during regular business hours.


Our handy badminton package has everything you need to pick up a racket and play instantly. Includes posts, net, rackets & shuttlecock.
This incredibly lightweight set of badminton posts are perfect to set up in an instant and disassemble just as quickly for on the move.
Each badminton package comes with a durable carry bag to easily transport you posts while keeping them safe and clean.
The Ultimate Garden Badminton Set Up!
Our Vermont ProCourt Mini Badminton Net & Racket Set is great for families looking to enjoy a game of badminton together. It's perfect for the back garden and comes in optional sized nets and rackets.
You can choose your net size out of sizes 10ft, 20ft and 30ft in length for what best fits your garden or sports club. The 20ft or 30ft net option is great for playing doubles, which is why we include 4 rackets and 4 shuttlecocks! Personalising your badminton package is great if you are wanting the set up for a certain age or skill level.
The junior badminton rackets are constructed from tempered steel to keep them lightweight while your young superstar learns to control and perfect their game. The senior badminton rackets are constructed with an aluminium head and hardened steel shaft to ensure a long lifespan.
Our badminton net and posts are suitable for indoor and outdoor use, and thanks to their lightweight quality, you can move them between the two whenever you need to!
Check out Vermont Sports huge range of badminton equipment, from shuttlecocks to badminton rackets, we stock everything you need!
Very high quality sports equipment. Highly recommended.
Product arrived in good condition. I haven't used it yet so can't talk about its quality.
how high is the net (why is it called "mini")?
Hi, thank you very much for the enquiry. This net can be set at two heights, 5ft for mini badminton & 2.6ft for mini tennis.
We will be using it in a mowed but uneven area. Will this work out in that situation?
Why is it called 'Mini?' Why do you offer s 30 foot net when regulation is 20 feet?


text:
Bubupeltina – rodzaj stawonogów z wymarłej gromady trylobitów, z rzędu Corynexochida.

Żył w okresie wczesnego dewonu (ems).

Zobacz też
 lista trylobitów

Przypisy

Corynexochida
Trylobity dewonu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
FTX – The real Ponzi Scheme was Sam Bankmen-Fried's failed worldview.
An individual's character cannot rise above their worldview. A shallow worldview will result in shallow character.
In the wake of the historic financial fraud scandals of Enron and World-com in the early 2000's, a sea change occurred. A shift towards the implementation of ethics within the Wall Street community was put into motion. In Universities across the nation, especially along the paths focused on international business degrees, a required focus on ethics was mandated. It was a chapter or course lesson in almost every subject. I would surmise that with the removal of Christianity from almost every educational institution, from public schools to the higher educational levels, this caused a new problem to rear its ugly head. The morals and scruples that were society's guardrails were completely removed. The only remaining barriers were the laws of flawed individuals that were crafted and passed through government legislation. To correct this issue, the need to establish some "new morality" was required. The discussion of what is ethical VS. what is legal was a regular conversation on campuses across the fruited plain.
This also opened the door to ideas that would deem organizations as ultra-ethical, such as "Corporate Philanthropy." Upon its inception, it was a valiant idea: Find a cause and use your success to help support it. The main problem is removing one worldview always leads to a replacement with another worldview. Nature abhors a vacuum and will fill that void almost immediately. And a flimsy worldview will lead to shallow actions. This was Sam Bankman-Fried's real deficiency. He may have conducted the most expensive and financially devastating Ponzi scheme in modern history, but the real Ponzi scheme was the worldview he purchased and adopted.
Sam Bankman-Fried, the propped-up cryptocurrency hedge fund lauded by Time magazine and most every financial news publication, was his own worst enemy. He was treated as some young, financial savant. His consistently disheveled appearance of wearing T-Shirts and shorts to any and every meeting or speaking engagement was a show of creative disruption. A display of going against the grain of the corporate norms, especially in a field of new technology and finance. He is a "Gamer" who also said that his business philosophy was enriched by his love of "Magic: The Gathering' Game. The stories of Sam sleeping on bean bag chairs outside of conference rooms, as they were filing themselves with potential wealthy investors were seen as corporate rebellion. He was viewed as a Mark Zuckerberg, when in reality he was more of a Adam Neumann or Elizabeth Holmes.
SBF's public philanthropy and it's lack of humility.
Mr. Bankman-Fried engaged in what is known as "effective altruism." It is defined as "research field and practical community that aims to find the best ways to help others, and put them into practice." It is "about doing good, better." On it's face, it seems as a noble idea. Mr. Bankman-Fried would amass enormous revenue, but take only what he feels he needs while donating the rest to the worthy causes he feels needs to be supported. He touts that he is still driving a Toyota Camry. He doesn't dress in expensive clothing. But here's the real problem with this philosophy: it lacks humility. They act as though this philanthropy is displaying integrity and ethical behavior. The problem is that effective altruism many times doesn't come off as doing what is right when no one is looking. The reason is it is always on full display. Its televised, with a plethora of "Attaboys!!" by all of the right, notable people. It is, in a sense, a giant virtue signal. It also lends itself to corruption. The right people need to be charmed to enter the correct networks of individuals. That is what SBF did that pulled him into the scam of ESG scores and financial virtue. He had to grease the right wheels and court the right regulators to advance his acceptance.
Effective Altruism was popularized by Peter Singer, an Australian moral philosopher and Professor at Princeton University. He specializes in "Applied Ethics' ' but from a "Hedonistic utilitarian" and secular approach. He is a huge supporter of Veganism, which was illustrated in his book "Animal Liberation" back in 1975. Peter wrote at length about the moral imperative to reduce poverty and eliminate the suffering of nonhuman animals, more notably in the meat industry. Peter's desire to focus on this suffering is understandable on it's face. But realize, from a Christian worldview, we are called to have dominion over the animals. That doesn't mean we dominate them and exploit them in inhumane ways. We are stewards of God's creation, so being humane and to be conservationists. We should leave the environment better than we found it. That doesn't mean we worship it as the Climate Change activists seem to do. Peter is also a proponent of donating to help the global poor. He is an Atheist as well. Some would say that this is inconsequential, but these are the foundations of Singer's worldview that would eventually be adopted by SBF.
The "effective altruism" also helped pervert what was considered to be defined as being philanthropic. Once political partisanship on the conservative side was framed as a disease, the philanthropy of supporting its political opposition was viewed as notable and necessary for its defeat. It justified the flooding of donations towards Democrat candidates who were touted as "Saving Democracy." And to be fair, his company did support some candidates on the right side of the political aisle. But the Republicans they focused on supporting were "Forward Thinking" Republicans. Those, of course, are the ones who slow roll the ideology that the Left-wingers want to force with immediacy.
Protected by the ruling class.
As we speak, SBF is hiding out in the Bahamas. He's giving interviews in an attempt to rebrand his failed Ponzi scheme. And the media, who are typically on the side of the political aisle that he helped prop up, are willing to be his personal PR firm. His interviews are cushy as a plush Hello Kitty Doll. Which begs the questions, "Why are they helping a rich hedge fund manager?" and "Why are they letting him off the hook?" The obvious answer is, "Well, He helped fund all of their campaigns!" Outside of occam's razor, there is an additional interesting angle to this story that needs to be investigated. That angle resides in a familiar nation that has been in the news as of late: Ukraine. FTX partnered with Ukraine to organize a crypto currency donation website.
"Aid for Ukraine," which has the backing of crypto exchange FTX, staking platform Everstake and Ukraine's Kuna exchange, will route donated crypto to the National Bank of Ukraine, Everstake's Head of Growth Vlad Likhuta told CoinDesk. Ukraine's crypto-savvy Ministry of Digital Transformation is also involved.
The country's collective efforts have already raised some $48 million in bitcoin (BTC), DOT, ether (ETH), SOL, tether (USDT) and other cryptocurrencies, according to the website. Other estimates place the amount closer to $100 million, but totals vary with market swings and exactly which websites are included. The website deepens an unprecedented tie-up between public and private sector forces in crypto. FTX is converting donations into fiat for deposit at the National Bank of Ukraine, a press release said.
Although it is portrayed as an innocent relationship, FTX's political activities should raise eyebrows and perk interest into whether or not anything nefarious was taking place. With all of the tax dollars being shoveled over to Ukraine, it is something that should have garnered consideration.
Justice Will Ultimately Come Due.
Ultimately, SBF's failed worldview allowed himself to be opened up to corrupt actors who would capitalize on his organization up until its collapse. There is even a suspicion that maybe the organization itself was a front, with multiple boards, that SBF was implanted as its figurehead and public persona. We don't have solid evidence of this at the moment, but it wouldn't be out of the realm of possibilities. But if Sam Bankman Fried walks Scott-free from the most expensive Ponzi Scheme in human history, it will be the largest example of "Democrat Privilege" in all of mankind. Having the entire structure of government fortified in a manner that would allow egregious illegal behavior by a favored political side, you could easily allow certain individuals to operate the way SBF did. But SBF should be aware of this: his failed worldview, should he maintain it, will ultimately be his demise when the real justice is administered in the end.
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ftx-the-real-ponzi-scheme-was-sbfs-failed-worldview-and/id1336200923?i=1000587179199
Previous Previous post: The Collapse Of The Climate Zealotry Is Upon Us.


Fans claimed to have found a picture of the two of them.
Catfish and the Bottlemen. Ruin My Life Zara Larsson. TzuyuIsYodaAlienno14rjkoya and 3 others like this. Jimin has never publicly admitted to having been in a relationship with anyone. Although Jimin has faced dating rumors with other idols, all were proven to be fake.


text:
Rachiyamma Row: Why Netizens Are Upset Over Parvathy's Upcoming Film
Why You Need To Stop Congratulating Your Gay Friends Over Shubh Mangal Zyada Saavdhan
Not Saif For Workplace: Saif Ali Khan On 'Tanhaji' & Bollywood's Saffron Era Of Films
Why We Need To Celebrate Phoebe Waller-Bridge, The Writer-Actor Who Won 11 Emmy Nominations
Out of these 11 nominations for Phoebe Waller-Bridge's Fleabag, five nomination are for acting parts featuring the leads of the Amazon show.
This has been the year of Phoebe Waller-Bridge, hasn't it? After exploding on the scene in 2016 with the first season of Fleabag, which has slowly found its cult around the planet, Waller-Bridge was recently hired as a consultant for elevating the humour portions in Bond 25, currently being helmed by Cary Fukunaga. 2019 also saw the release of Fleabag S02, something that propelled her into becoming one of the most sought-after creators on TV/web. And nothing reflects this more than 11 Emmy nominations bagged for Fleabag S02.
These 11 nominations include five for acting parts featuring the leads in Fleabag. Waller-Bridge playing the titular character, Sian Clifford playing Claire, Olivia Coleman as the prickly stepmother, Kristin Scott Thomas & Fiona Shaw for their guest appearances. Five nominations for the five of the most important women characters on the show, when was the last time that happened? Probably never.
Building on the razor-sharp first season of Fleabag, the second one is more ruminative in comparison. Having gotten over the self-destructive phase of her late 20s, the second season shows the titular character embracing the stillness and the sanity of middle age. The dinner scene in S02E01 is some of the best TV writing of all time. And thus it was no surprise that the second season was hailed as one of the year's best.
Things only get better with BBC America's Killing Eve, a show that Phoebe Waller-Bridge birthed in 2017 and then handed over the reins to Emerald Fennell for season 2, as it won five nominations. Only a few months ago, Waller-Bridge was celebrating the triple success of Jodie Comer, Fiona Shaw and her own victory at the BAFTAs.
Two shows, sixteen nominations, one creator. Please make way for the new 'Kween' of television/web – Phoebe Waller-Bridge has entered the building.
Meet The First Woman To Lead All-Men Contingent At Army Day Parade
The Other Shaheen Bagh: East Delhi's Women Start Indefinite Protest
How A Photographer Is Helping The Disabled Hold Meaningful Jobs
A Shopkeeper's Son, Meet Khelo India's First Cycling Gold Medalist
Kirtan, Quran and Preamble: Anti-CAA Protesters Of Different Faith At Shaheen Bagh
Akash Ambani-Shloka Mehta engagement bash
IN PICS: Meet Shloka Mehta, the fiancee of Mukesh Ambani's son Akash
Team Yeh Hai Mohabbatein is having a gala time in London
Shriya Saran wedding pics


text:
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="TransformToken.cs" company="01 Binary">
//     Copyright (C) 01 Binary.
// </copyright>
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace SyntaxHighlighter
{
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

    /// <summary>
    /// Transforms a token that matches a pattern when previous token class name is not excluded.
    /// </summary>
    public class TransformToken : ITransform
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="TransformToken"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">The transform name for debugging.</param>
        /// <param name="description">The transform description for debugging.</param>
        /// <param name="patternName">The pattern name for debugging.</param>
        /// <param name="pattern">The pattern to match to the current token.</param>
        /// <param name="modifierPatternName">The modifier pattern name for debugging.</param>
        /// <param name="modifierPattern">The pattern to match to the previous token and previous separator, whichever succeeds.</param>
        /// <param name="className">The transformed token class.</param>
        /// <param name="excludeClassNames">The class name the previous token must not match.</param>
        public TransformToken(string name, string description, string patternName, Regex pattern, string modifierPatternName, Regex modifierPattern, string className, params string[] excludeClassNames)
        {
            this.Name = name;
            this.Description = description;
            this.PatternName = patternName;
            this.Pattern = pattern;
            this.ClassName = className;
            this.ModifierPatternName = modifierPatternName;
            this.ModifierPattern = modifierPattern;
            this.ExcludeClassNames = excludeClassNames;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the transform name for debugging.
        /// </summary>
        public string Name { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the transform description for debugging.
        /// </summary>
        public string Description { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the pattern.
        /// </summary>
        public Regex Pattern { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the pattern name for debugging.
        /// </summary>
        public string PatternName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the modifier pattern.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This pattern must match either the previous token or previous separator.
        /// </remarks>
        public Regex ModifierPattern { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the modifier pattern name for debugging.
        /// </summary>
        public string ModifierPatternName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the token class name.
        /// </summary>
        public string ClassName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the previous token class name to exclude.
        /// </summary>
        public string[] ExcludeClassNames { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Applies the transform to the buffer.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="buffer">The buffer to apply to.</param>
        /// <param name="options">The syntax highlight options.</param>
        /// <returns>Whether the transformation took place.</returns>
        public virtual bool Apply(Buffer buffer, Options options)
        {
            Match tokenMatch = this.Pattern.Match(
                buffer.Data, buffer.Position, buffer.Next - buffer.Position);

            bool modifierMatch = this.ModifierPattern == null ||
                this.ModifierPattern.IsMatch(buffer.PrevToken) ||
                this.ModifierPattern.IsMatch(buffer.PrevSeparator.ToString());

            bool typeMatch = !this.ExcludeClassNames.Any(
                exclude => exclude != null && buffer.PrevClass == exclude);
#if DEBUG
            buffer.Break(modifierMatch && tokenMatch.Success && typeMatch, this.Name, this.ClassName);
#endif
            if (typeMatch && modifierMatch && tokenMatch.Success)
            {
                string content = Buffer.ExplicitMatch(tokenMatch);
                string token = Buffer.FormatToken(content, this.ClassName, this.Name);

                buffer.ReplaceSpan(tokenMatch, token, content.Length);

                buffer.PrevToken = content;
                buffer.PrevClass = this.ClassName;

                return true;
            }

            return false;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


++ There has been a great deal of commentary about the terrorist attack in Ahwaz pointing out that, apart from the Saudis and Emirates, everyone – even Americans – condemned it. The only Iranians who didn't condemn the terrorist act were MEK and Iranian ISIS, who claimed to have carried it out.
++ Some commentators have laughed at Maryam Rajavi's Skype chat with Rudi Giuliani in New York. They say that as much as Giuliani says Trump is going to help their agenda, even if they kill themselves to work for it he can't even get a visa for her let alone anything else. Referencing Giuliani's affair, taking Maria Rosa Ryan to Paris, they joke about Maryam: 'it's a sad time for them now their love affair is conducted over Skype'.
++ After the disaster of people laughing at Trump's UN speech, MEK have been on overdrive to support Trump and attack everyone else – Europe, China, etc. Farsi comment is that at least when Trump is attacked he takes it on the chin. MEK just get hysterical.
++ The Farsi speaking representative of the US State Department speaking with Deutsche Welle laid out what the US wants. She said that at the Iran desk in the State Department we have no relation with MEK and we have no delusions, we know that MEK has no support at all in Iran. Asked about Giuliani's support of MEK, she said 'yes, he spoke on his own behalf for money. The Stated Department has no connection to that.
++ Gazeta Impakt, MEK brings American bomber L. Todd Wood to Albania to show that it is not a terrorist organization but is a baker's organization. "As a man trusted by MEK, L. Todd Wood in an internet video he produced, calls Manzas camp a residential complex – like Sunny Hill or the Malaysian palaces in Tirana. Unlike other journalists who were beaten, expelled, treated as Iranian agents and attacked by Argon's private armed police, L. Todd Wood gives the impression that the terrorist camp of Manzas is a five-star resort where some angels sleep and not the devils of jihad. The idea is given that the camp is open and anyone can enter there." MEK showed members working in a bakery, completely forgetting they do not have work permits in Albania.
++ Gazeta Impakt, Kastriot Myftaraj: Maryam Rajavi calls for uprising, should be arrested. "In the latest issue of Moscow Speaking in Ora News, Kastriot Myftaraj commented on the recent threat of war that Iranian Mojahedin dictator Maryam Rajavi has made against Iran.


text:
Information you need to make better giving decisions
Donate to Tzedakah, Inc.
Profiles by Category
Comparison Table of Select Data
Charity in Tradition
Guidelines for Giving
Introduction and Summary
To Whom Should I Give?
When Should I Give?
How Should I Give?
How Do I Calculate Ma'aser Kesofim (Tithe)?
Wisdom from Our Sages
Tzedakah's Two Way Flow of Benefits
Profiles of highly transparent charities
Tzedakah: More Than Just Money
Administrators of Tzedakah Funds: Their Rewards and Responsibilities
Giving to Unqualified Tzedakah Adminstrators
Investigating Those Requesting Charity
Testing the Almighty With Tithing
Chai Lifeline: Description of Its Program Services Including Numeric Measures of Performance
Charity Describes its Achievements but Ignores Numeric Measures
Millions of Dollars in Grants Described in Just 16 Words
Description of Several Programs Crowded Into A Single Difficult to Read Section
Provides Information About Its Grantee's Activities, not About its Own
Monitoring Grants to Israeli Charities and Other Foreign Charities
Procedures for Monitoring Grants to Israeli Charities and Other Foreign Charities
IRS Memorandum on Grants to Foreign Charities
IRS Revenue Ruling 66-79
IRS Rev. Rul. 63-252
Monitoring Grants to US Charities
Tzedakah.info > Guidelines for Giving > How Do I Calculate Ma'aser Kesofim (Tithe)?
Calculating ma'aser kesofim.
Ma'aser kesofim literally means a tenth of money. It is the traditional term for the tithe on money income and is distinguished from agricultural tithes. Below are guidelines for calculating one's ma'aser kesofim obligation.
Ma'aser kesofim base. The base on which ma'aser kesofim is calculated is one's income including recurring income like wages and ordinary profits, plus non-recurring income such as inheritances and capital gains. One should give tzedakah on his capital. However tzedakah should be calculated on each asset only once, not annually(1). Ma'aser k'sofim must be deducted even if the income is received from one who has already given ma'aser kesofim on those funds. (This is different from agricultural tithing in which case the tithe must be given only once on any given crop.)
Fiscal period. The Aruch Hashulchan suggests a fiscal period that runs from Rosh Hashana to Rosh Hashana(2). Shorter fiscal periods are permissible so long as they remain within the Rosh Hashana to Rosh Hashana period(3). Rav Auerbach writes that the fiscal period should be a year and may start on any date that is convenient for the donor(4).
Offsetting losses against profits. The donor is permitted to offset losses incurred within the fiscal period against profits earned in that period(5). Ma'aser kesofim is calculated against the net profit(6). (Albert, however brings sources that prohibit netting losses in one business against profits in another(7).) Net losses in any year may not be carried forward to future fiscal periods(8).
Shortfalls and excess ma'aser kesofim. At the close of the fiscal period, one should make a final calculation of his or her ma'aser obligation. Any shortfall should be made up immediately. There are authorities who allow excess ma'aser kesofim from one year to be used to meet obligations of subsequent years(9).
Deducting expenses. Business expenses including food and lodging while traveling may be deducted from income subject to ma'aser kesofim(10). However, only the amount in excess of costs that would prevail at home may be deducted(11). Thus one who spends $25 for lunch on a business trip and would have spent $5 at home, may deduct only $20. Personal expenses necessary for business (e.g., one buys a Rolls Royce to impress potential clients) may be deducted from income subject to ma'aser kesofim if the expense is truly justified for business purposes(12). Household expenses may not be deducted from income subject to ma'aser kesofim(13).
Accounting method Cash or accrual accounting may be used(14). But once the accounting method is chosen, it should be used consistently.
Inflation and taxes. Rav Moshe Feinstein and Rav Auerbach both hold that one is not obligated in ma'aser kesofim on profits that arise purely from inflation. Thus if the price of one's home increases from $100,000 to $103,000, he or she has a profit of 3% or $3,000. However if the rate of inflation was 2% over the period, the donor may deduct $2,000 from the profit in calculating income subject to ma'aser kesofim. The price index used should be one for necessities only(15). Taxes based on income may be deducted from income subject to maaser kesofim(16). There is a difference of opinion whether other taxes may be deducted(17).
Method of payment of ma'aser kesofim
Ma'aser kesofim may be paid in cash, merchandise, or one's labor(18). In the case of labor, Rav Auerbach points out that ma'aser must be given on the value of the work done. That, is one may deduct only 9/10 of the value of labor against an existing ma'aser obligation; the remaining tenth is not the worker's but is itself ma'aser on the value of the work done. One should value labor at the rate usually charged by the worker. One need not sell merchandise nor borrow to pay ma'aser. Thus if one receives a non-monetary gift, such as furniture or real eatate, the recipient need not sell the gift nor borrow to raise the money to include in the ma'aser fund. However if the merchandise is sold or the recipient has enough cash, ma'aser should be set aside (19).
Disclaimer. The information on this page is an introduction to selected topics related to tzedakah. It is designed to help individuals understand the issues and formulate questions. It is not an authoritative guide for practical personal policies with regard to tzedakah. Specific questions should be posed to a competent authority.
Notes. See Introduction and Summary for full citations of the sources.
1. Ahavat Chesed, chapter 18, Blau p. 104 Return to text
2. Aruch HaShulchan 249.7 Return to text
3. Albert p. 234, Oppenheimer p. 22 Return to text
4. Quoted in Domb p. 20 (Hebrew section) Return to text
5. Blau p. 110 Return to text
6. Aruch HaShulchan 249.7, Albert p. 244 Return to text
7. Albert p. 233 Return to text
9. Ahavat Chesed chapter 18, Blau p. 111, Oppenheimer p. 24 Return to text
10. Aruch HaShulchan 249.7 Return to text
11. Feldberger p. 17 Return to text
12. Albert pp. 230f, Dayan Weiss in Domb, p. 7 (Hebrew section) Return to text
14. Domb p. 44, Feldberger p. 15 Return to text
15. Albert p. 238, Domb p. 47, 48, Feldberger p. 19 Return to text
16. Blau p. 108 Return to text
17. Domb p. 79 (English section) and p. 20 (Hebrew section), Feldberger p. 23 Return to text
18. Blau p. 111, Auerbach in Domb, p. 20 (Hebrew section) Return to text
19. Auerbach in Domb, p. 20 (Hebrew section) Return to text
[print_link]
© 2015-2023 Tzedakah, Inc. All rights reserved;
Tzedakah, Inc. | PO Box 34841 | Bethesda MD 20827 | (240) 345-6837 | info@tzedakah.info


text:
Silvestre Santana Herrera (July 17, 1917 – November 26, 2007) was a private first class of the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions in Mertzwiller, France, during World War II.

After he mounted a one-man charge on an enemy stronghold which resulted in the solo capture of eight enemy soldiers, his unit was again attacked by a machine gun placement across another minefield.  Herrera again that day single-handedly took on the enemy. While crossing the second minefield, he lost one of his legs to a land mine explosion then the other leg to a second explosion. Unable to continue his 1-man advance and despite a severe loss of blood, he single-handedly held the forward position to provide covering fire pinning down the enemy with his M1 Garand. His accurate rifle fire allowed his comrades to overrun the enemy position in a flanking action clear of the minefield.

Born in Mexico of Hispanic heritage, Herrera was the only living person authorized to wear both the Medal of Honor and Mexico's Order of Military Merit (First Class) at the time of his death. A legend in the state of Arizona, he was honored by the city of Phoenix officially renaming the portion of 3rd Street that runs from Indian School Road North into the park, "S. Herrera Way".

Early years

Herrera was born in the Mexican city of Camargo, Chihuahua, and not, as he believed until he was twenty-seven, in El Paso, Texas.  His parents died in an influenza epidemic when he was only a year old, and the man he had thought was his father was really an uncle who had brought the 18-month-old Herrera there to provide him with a better life in the United States. Herrera worked as a farm hand, marrying and raising a family in El Paso before moving to Phoenix, Arizona with his American wife Ramona and three children, Mary, Elva, Silvestre, Jr. and his uncle.  When the United States entered World War II Herrera was drafted into the Texas National Guard, 36th Division. Expecting yet another child, Herrera felt it would be important for his parents to be there for him while he was gone and so went to break the news.

That is when the man Herrera had believed to be his father gave him the stunning news of his Mexican birth, and said, "Son, you don't have to go, they can't draft you...you aren't an American citizen." Even in the face of these multiple shocks, and a perfect opportunity to dodge the war, Herrera was unswayed.  As he later related, "I thought, I'm going anyway.  I didn't want anybody to die in my place... I felt that I had my adopted country that had been so nice to me.  I thought, I have an American wife and the kids and one on the way." It was only the first of several life-changing acts of heroism Herrera would take.

World War II

The 142d Infantry landed in Italy in the autumn of 1944 to stage for its deployment in France.  Upon the completion of Operation Dragoon in mid-September Mediterranean French ports were liberated. The 142nd landed in Marseilles in the Fall, then deployed near the front in the Alsace region in early March 1945.

On March 15, kick-off day of Operation Undertone, an attack on German positions along a 75 km line from Saarbrücken to Haguenau, 1945 Herrera's unit found itself engaged in combat in a forest in the vicinity of the Bas-Rhin town of Mertzwiller, 5 miles northwest of Haguenau.  His platoon came under heavy enemy machine gun fire from the woods, forcing most of the men to seek cover.  Herrera charged the enemy stronghold single-handedly, firing his M1 rifle from his hip and ending the threat with a pair of grenades. Eight enemy soldiers threw down their weapons and surrendered.

Later that same day, his platoon was attacked and pinned down by a second enemy stronghold, protected by an extensive mine field. Ignoring the danger Herrera again single-handedly charged, seeking to draw fire away from his comrades.  A mine exploded and shattered one leg below the knee. Staggering up on his good leg he stepped on a second, severing that leg below the knee. Still Herrera laid machine gun fire while kneeling, allowing members of his platoon to skirt the mine field and capture the enemy position.

As Herrera lay in the Army hospital recovering from his wounds, President Truman was not sure the young man would be well enough for a formal presentation of the Medal of Honor. However, on August 23, 1945, Silvestre rolled his wheelchair across the White House lawn so that the President could present him with his award.

"He told me he would rather be awarded the Medal of Honor than be president of the United States," Herrera recalled in a 2005 interview. "That made me even more proud."

Medal of Honor citation

Portrait of Valor
From the book Medal of Honor: Portraits of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty:

Silvestre Herrera was twenty-seven years old, married with three children, and working in his hometown of Phoenix, Arizona, when he was drafted into the Army in January 1944. Men with families were no longer exempt from the servicein basic training, he met another draftee who said he was the father of eight.

Private First Class Herrera's company landed in Italy, by this time largely under Allied control, as part of the 142nd Infantry in the summer of 1944. That fall they landed in France at Marseille and took a troop train to the front. By the end of the year, as his unit reached France, it began to encounter resistance from the retreating Germans. When the fighting became heavy by the spring of 1945, Herrera had to concede a grudging respect for the enemy, regarding them as "muy machos."

On March 15, Herrera's platoon was advancing along a wooded road near the French town of Mertzwiller when it ran into two German machine-gun emplace-ments. Caught in a deadly crossfire between the two guns, the GIs dived for cover. Fearing that his comrades would be cut to pieces, Herrera stood up and ran toward the closest enemy position, firing his rifle from the hip. He tossed two grenades at the machine-gun nest; the concussion knocked the Germans down. Then he was on them, and all eight soldiers threw down their weapons and surrendered to him.

Herrera turned his prisoners over to men in his squad, then started crawling toward the other machine gun, firing as he went. ("My M-1 was talking, and the Germans understood what it was saying," he commented later.) The position was protected by a minefield; GIs were throwing rocks into the area in an effort to explode the mines. Herrera got up and charged the Germans anyway, but as he neared the machine-gun nest, he stepped on a mine. He was thrown to the ground, both of his feet blown off at the ankle. Though bleeding heavily, he lay on his stomach and fired at the Germans, forcing them to stay down and thus enabling his squad to skirt the minefield, flank the enemy, and move in for the kill.

Herrera remained conscious for the next few hours. At the aid station, he said to the examining doctor, "Just try to save my knees, Doc." After two months in an Army field hospital, he was sent to the Army Amputation Center in Utah.

During a ninety-day furlough to Phoenix, he was notified that he was to receive the Medal of Honor and traveled to Washington with an uncle who was given time off from his job to help him make the trip. In time, Silvestre Herrera would be fitted with new prosthetic feet, but on August 23, 1945, at the White House, President Harry Truman bent over his wheelchair to present him with the Medal of Honor.

More honors
A year after Herrera received his White House presentation of the Medal of Honor from President Truman, the Government of Mexico presented him with its Order of Military Merit (First Class).

Herrera became the first resident from Arizona to receive the Medal of Honor during World War II.  Arizona Governor Sidney P. Osborn declared August 14, 1945 to be "Herrera Day" and welcomed home Pfc. Silvestre S. Herrera with a hero's parade. A drive to bestow upon him citizenship of the only country he knew was started and as a result he was granted United States Citizenship.  The citizens of Arizona raised $14,000 to provide him and his growing family with a new home.

Later years
Valle Del Sol, Inc. recognized Herrera with a Special Recognition Award in 1994, and with a Hall of Fame award in 1999. On March 13, 1996, Herrera was honored by the United States House of Representatives upon recommendation of Congressman Ed Pastor.
An elementary school in Phoenix, Arizona – the Silvestre S Herrera School – bears his name.

On October 24, 1998, the United States Army Reserve Center in Mesa, which houses the 164th Corps Support Group and later, the 6253rd United States Army Hospital, was dedicated in honor of Silvestre S. Herrera. This dedication was thanks in large part to the efforts of neighbor and long time admirer of Herrera, Sergeant Major Douglas Mattson (retired).

On November 26, 2007, Herrera died at his home in Glendale, Arizona. He was buried with full military honors in the West Resthaven Park Cemetery in Glendale. He was buried alongside his wife Ramona, who died in 1991.

Awards and decorations

See also

 List of Medal of Honor recipients
 List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II
 List of Hispanic Medal of Honor recipients
 Hispanic Americans in World War II

Notes

References

United States Army personnel of World War II
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Mexican emigrants to the United States
Mexican-born Medal of Honor recipients
United States Army soldiers
People from Chihuahua (state)
People from El Paso, Texas
1917 births
2007 deaths
Foreign-born Medal of Honor recipients
World War II recipients of the Medal of Honor


Engagement Photography in Stourport-On-Severn of Vicky and Mikey.
Vicky and Mikey contacted me last year for their wedding photography and chose Stourport-On-Severn as their pre-wedding / Engagement shoot location. It was a sunny but windy Sunday and it was during the floods but we managed to find a park next to the Tontine building and canal .
These are a few selection of the Engagement Photographs from the session , for more please view the wedding photographs in the main PORTFOLIO .


text:
The modern obsession with "being yourself" has led to attention-seeking charlatanry
Architecture Screen
Piers Morgan: No constraint (©ITV)
With the Brexit negotiations looming like a coming war, foreigners will want to learn, perhaps for the last time, what drives British culture. The stereotype, still widely believed after all these years, of buttoned-up, stiff-lipped Britishness, will not help them, I'm afraid.
That exhausted cliché reflects a classical ideal of British culture. At the BBC, in the civil service, police and public sector, judiciary and much of the private sector, you are still meant to be impartial and discreet; to fulfil your duties without allowing your emotions or political opinions to sway your judgment. It would still be shocking if a Supreme Court judge were to stand up and announce how he voted at the last election, or a BBC news journalist were to campaign openly for a controversial cause.
As an opinionated writer I can never be a part of classical British culture. But I expect police officers not to take bribes and judges to keep their views on anything beyond the law to themselves. I admire British classicism in others, while being able to see why it is dying.
The dominant culture now is a modern version of romanticism — again, please forgive me for using terms broadly. Its ideal is to be yourself and express yourself. Its enemies are self-restraint and conformity. Romanticism has been building since the 1960s and has been amplified beyond measure by new media. As with the classical tradition, it is easy to see romanticism's attractions. For who wants to bottle up their feelings and suppress their opinions? In what sense is that guarded person, hedged by rules and under constant surveillance from the policeman in the head, the "real you"?
Classic British attitudes fail now because so many think they are expert at stripping off the mask of impartiality and finding real or imagined political, racist or patriarchal thoughts lurking behind the apparently neutral exterior. The right-wing press scours BBC output with a malignant squint for the smallest hint of liberal bias. Leftists detect echoes of colonialism or misogyny in everyday language. What is less appreciated is that the stripping of modern British romanticism of its pretensions is long overdue.
Assume that we have true selves that we can somehow reach by freeing ourselves from constraints. I don't believe it, because homo sapiens is a social species defined in large part by the constraints our interactions with others impose on us. For the sake of argument, however, let us assume our true selves exist like archaeological sites buried under mounds of earth. As tens of millions of social media users have discovered, the truth about most of us is that our lives are pretty dull. If you want attention you have to go to the extremes, regardless of whether the "real you" is an extremist. You must be extremist in your "revelations" about your private life, your views on sex and in your politics. The desire for attention in a crowd of billions explains why social media has been overrun by the crazed and the violent. (Or perhaps I should say the purportedly crazed and violent.)
If foreigners want to understand the hypocrisies of the new perfidious Albion they should take a characteristic modern media charlatan as their example. They will learn that, like needy, screaming toddlers, the modern British, or large numbers of them at any rate, believe Boris Johnson when he tells them that they can have their cake and eat it — a lie that encapsulates our national decline.
Allow me to move from the ridiculous to the dangerous to show how the new culture damns us. At the ridiculous, and indeed repellent end of British national life, you have in their own terms hugely successful media charlatans like Piers Morgan. He frankly expresses himself without constraint. But on closer examination his supposedly authentic beliefs blow around like a bin bag in a gale. When New Labour was popular he was a nominally left-wing editor of the Mirror. When its popularity fell, he was so against the Iraq war his proprietors had to fire him after he published fake photographs which had been mocked up to show British troops torturing Iraqi prisoners. Now that he is sniffing the cold wind coming from the Right, he screams at feminists and those who criticise his friend Donald Trump for, among things, the US President's support for waterboarding. You have it right: Morgan denounces fake torture while indulging advocates of the real thing.
Characteristically, Morgan is both an "impartial" news presenter on ITV and a Twitter loudmouth with an audience of millions. The TV regulators ought to tell ITV that he can't be both classical and romantic. As they refuse to do so, other broadcasters will want to have their cake and eat it too. The temptation to repeat the old line that you could carve a better man out of a banana and move on is overwhelming.
Don't be too hasty. As with social media and the old media, so with national life. If the last referendum is a guide, nationalists will once again tell Scots that they can have independence without tears. No pain. No turmoil. No cost. They can take aggressive stances, denounce fellow Scots who disagree with them as traitors, and treat fellow citizens in the rest of the UK as foreigners. But there will be no consequences.
The English Left is just as mendacious. If it exists at all after Corbyn, it exists as a social media echo chamber. The Left took over and gives every indication of destroying a great party because it believed that, if only people could see its true leftish self and hear its authentically radical voice, they would turn to it in their millions. Even now that the public has abandoned Labour in its millions, leftists can still not accept that, by being romantically true to themselves they have betrayed Britain to their enemies on the Right.
Worst of all are the English Right themselves. They won a referendum on a false bill of goods and are still now pretending that we can have Brexit without tears. EU negotiators should expect British politicians to be like toddlers who learn there is no Father Christmas. There will be no stiff upper lips or sense of duty. Instead, Theresa May and her ministers will scream that all the consequences that have flown from their decisions will be the EU's fault.
Sky's Beyond the Limit
The scrum on College Green, showed that compared to Murdoch, the BBC isn't so bad
Screen TV UK Politics
The madness of Lord Adonis
The centrist ex-minister has joined Left and Right in denouncing the BBC for its political bias
Self-Censorship And The BBC
The London Bombers was a major drama-documentary about 7/7 of which the BBC should have been proud
Islam Media Political Correctness Screen TV War on Terror


text:
About CEMarin
Members of CEMarin
Management and administrative bodies
Researchers Profiles
U. de los Andes
U. del Valle
U. Tadeo Lozano
U. de Antioquia
Justus-Liebig
Former calls
Dr. Julien Wist - CEMarin
Dr. Julien Wist
1995-1999 B.Sc. in Chemistry, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
University Unit
Faculty of exact sciences
Building 320 Office 2096
Phone: +57-2 3212180 Ext. 122
DARMN – Development and Applications in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Technical/Quantitative Skills:
Applications to the agroindustry, direction of research entities, leadership.
Email: julien.wist@correounivalle.edu.co
Colciencias cvLac
Orcid profile
2016- date: Director of Research Result Transfer Office at Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
2009-date Associated Researcher at Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
2006-2009 Assistant professor at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
2001-2005 Ph.D. in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Topics: Development and applications in nuclear magnetic resonance, interpretation and prediction of NMR spectra.
Wist, J., Sanabria, J., Dierolf, C., Torres, W., Pulgarin, C. (2002). Evaluation of photocatalytic disinfection of crude water for drinking-water production. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 147(3), 241–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1010-6030(01)00615-3
Castillo, A. M., Patiny, L., Wist, J. (2011). Fast and accurate algorithm for the simulation of NMR spectra of large spin systems. Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 209(2), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2010.12.008
Arana, V. A., Medina, J., Alarcon, R., Moreno, E., Heintz, L., Schäfer, H., Wist, J. (2015). Coffee's country of origin determined by NMR: The Colombian case. Food Chemistry, 175, 500–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.160
Number Of Publications:
Cvlac: 37
TAGS: Marine Ecology and biodiversity
Carrera 21 # 35-53Barrio La Soledad, Bogotá Colombia Contact us info@cemarin.org
Call us (+571) 3002715
Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano
Justus-Liebig University Giessen
© 2019 CEMarin. All Rights Reserved.