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Home » U.S. ag trade visit to China already paying 'dividends'
U.S. ag trade visit to China already paying 'dividends'
07/12/12 10:06 AM By Sara Wyant
WASHINGTON, March 28, 2012 -The largest ever U.S. agricultural trade mission to China has already paid dividends for some of the nearly 40 participating American companies, a senior USDA official said.
"We've already been made aware of some of the deals that have been done," Michael Scuse, Acting Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services, told Agri-Pulse in an exclusive interview Tuesday evening.
He did not provide details of the transactions, but indicated the agribusiness executives he'd spoken with were "very happy" with the results through the fourth day of the scheduled five-day trip, which began in Chengdu and concludes today in Shanghai.
"It's been a very interesting trade mission and I think at the end of the day we are going to have some really great results for a whole host of U.S. companies," predicted Scuse, who's leading the delegation.
Ag trade between the two countries in fiscal 2011 reached an all-time high of $32.1 billion. U.S. shipments to China, the top international buyer, were worth $22.8 billion and Chinese exports to the United States were valued at $9.3 billion.
With seven offices in five cities, USDA is well-positioned to support American agriculture and agribusiness in the world's fastest growing economy, Scuse said.
"We think there are opportunities to increase the amount of trade that we are doing with China dramatically in the future and that's why we are here, to build those relationships," he said, dismissing concerns expressed by some China-watchers that the Asian giant's economy may slow more than expected this year.
"When you look at how the economy of this country is improving and the overall economic conditions, we think that the opportunities here are going to grow," the USDA official stated.
U.S. farm and food sales to China have increased by more than 80% in the past three years, led by shipments of bulk commodities like soybeans and cotton. Corn could soon join the list.
"They were in the U.S. corn market bigger this past year than they have ever been before and I think there are some really good opportunities for us to expand that going forward," Scuse said.
China had booked 3.5 million metric tons of U.S. corn for delivery in 2011-12 through mid February, according to the U.S. Grains Council.
Much of Scuse's time during the trip is being spent in meetings with Chinese government officials.
New optimism for China trade expansion, improved U.S. exports
U.S. - Korea Trade Agreement Ready to Roll
U.S. sorghum: China's new 'darling'
Joined by Darci Vetter, FFAS Deputy Under Secretary, and Islam Siddiqui, chief agricultural negotiator in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative, Scuse held what he termed "very frank" discussions with Chinese quarantine and inspection bureaucrats about import barriers to U.S. agricultural shipments.
The trio was scheduled to fly to Beijing Wednesday to resume bilateral talks on market access for American beef.
China has banned beef imports from the United States since BSE was discovered in a Washington State cattle herd in 2003, and the Obama administration has been pressing Beijing to reopen its market in accordance with OIE guidelines that allow imports derived from cattle under 30 months old.
"At this particular time, we don't see a reason why our products are banned," Scuse said. "And I'll be honest with you, in talking with the citizens here and some of the chefs in the restaurants, there's a tremendous demand for American beef. So, we're going to continue to work with the Chinese government, to see what we can do to get that ban lifted and get great US beef products into the Chinese market," the USDA official said.
U.S. beef exports would likely reach $200 million in value in the first full year of access, according to the U.S. Meat Export Federation, putting China among the top five export destinations.
Original story printed in March 28, 2012 Agri-Pulse Newsletter.
For more news visit: www.Agri-Pulse.com


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text:
Q: Atmel ATxmega128A identical boards - one fails to enter programming mode I have two identical boards both equipped with ATxmega128A. I am using Atmel-ICE for programming using PDI Interface.

*

*The first board, I can read the device signature without any issues.

*On the second board, the error "unable to enter programming mode" appears.

After some trial and error, I changed the PDI Clock of Atmel ICE from default 4MHz to 1MHz. Now I am able to read the signature of both devices.
Question: How is it possible that 100% identical boards where one works with 4MHz PDI Clock and the other one only with 1MHz PDI clock?

A: Apparently your particular design implementation (PCB layout, traces, components, pullups, etc) is marginal for this interface to work at 4MHz. Given the spectrum of manufacturing tolerances, some samples are lucky to work at 4MHz, some not. It is likely that if you manage to have, say, 3.5MHz clock, both boards will work fine.

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text:
What could become a fatal remedy for climate change
Michael Specter writes: Late in the afternoon on April 2, 1991, Mt. Pinatubo, a volcano on the Philippine island of Luzon, began to rumble with a series of the powerful steam explosions that typically precede an eruption. Pinatubo had been dormant for more than four centuries, and in the volcanological world the mountain had become little more than a footnote. The tremors continued in a steady crescendo for the next two months, until June 15th, when the mountain exploded with enough force to expel molten lava at the speed of six hundred miles an hour. The lava flooded a two-hundred-and-fifty-square-mile area, requiring the evacuation of two hundred thousand people.
Within hours, the plume of gas and ash had penetrated the stratosphere, eventually reaching an altitude of twenty-one miles. Three weeks later, an aerosol cloud had encircled the earth, and it remained for nearly two years. Twenty million metric tons of sulfur dioxide mixed with droplets of water, creating a kind of gaseous mirror, which reflected solar rays back into the sky. Throughout 1992 and 1993, the amount of sunlight that reached the surface of the earth was reduced by more than ten per cent.
The heavy industrial activity of the previous hundred years had caused the earth's climate to warm by roughly three-quarters of a degree Celsius, helping to make the twentieth century the hottest in at least a thousand years. The eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, however, reduced global temperatures by nearly that much in a single year. It also disrupted patterns of precipitation throughout the planet. It is believed to have influenced events as varied as floods along the Mississippi River in 1993 and, later that year, the drought that devastated the African Sahel. Most people considered the eruption a calamity.
For geophysical scientists, though, Mt. Pinatubo provided the best model in at least a century to help us understand what might happen if humans attempted to ameliorate global warming by deliberately altering the climate of the earth.
For years, even to entertain the possibility of human intervention on such a scale—geoengineering, as the practice is known—has been denounced as hubris. Predicting long-term climatic behavior by using computer models has proved difficult, and the notion of fiddling with the planet's climate based on the results generated by those models worries even scientists who are fully engaged in the research. "There will be no easy victories, but at some point we are going to have to take the facts seriously,'' David Keith, a professor of engineering and public policy at Harvard and one of geoengineering's most thoughtful supporters, told me. "Nonetheless,'' he added, "it is hyperbolic to say this, but no less true: when you start to reflect light away from the planet, you can easily imagine a chain of events that would extinguish life on earth."
There is only one reason to consider deploying a scheme with even a tiny chance of causing such a catastrophe: if the risks of not deploying it were clearly higher. No one is yet prepared to make such a calculation, but researchers are moving in that direction. To offer guidance, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (I.P.C.C.) has developed a series of scenarios on global warming. The cheeriest assessment predicts that by the end of the century the earth's average temperature will rise between 1.1 and 2.9 degrees Celsius. A more pessimistic projection envisages a rise of between 2.4 and 6.4 degrees—far higher than at any time in recorded history. (There are nearly two degrees Fahrenheit in one degree Celsius. A rise of 2.4 to 6.4 degrees Celsius would equal 4.3 to 11.5 degrees Fahrenheit.) Until recently, climate scientists believed that a six-degree rise, the effects of which would be an undeniable disaster, was unlikely. But new data have changed the minds of many. Late last year, Fatih Birol, the chief economist for the International Energy Agency, said that current levels of consumption "put the world perfectly on track for a six-degree Celsius rise in temperature. . . . Everybody, even schoolchildren, knows this will have catastrophic implications for all of us." [Continue reading…]
This entry was posted in climate change on May 7, 2012 by Attention to the Unseen.
← Music: Arild Andersen — 'Hyperborean' U.S. has made war on terror a war without end →
1 thought on "What could become a fatal remedy for climate change"
delia ruhe May 7, 2012 at 4:04 pm
"Earth from Space," a 2-hour Canadian-made special aired on the Canadian Discovery Channel last night, and will no doubt be shown in the US via Nova on PBS. It's not directly about climate change but is a program that everyone needs to watch as a basis for understanding climate change and the radical riskiness of trying anything like the "solutions" discussed in this article. Here's info on "Earth from Space":
http://realscreen.com/2011/02/02/pbs-discovery-canada-prep-earth-from-space/

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text:
Support | Sales
Sales Incentives – SPIFFs
Consumer Rebates
MDF & Co-Op
Volume Incentives
Sell-Through Allowances
Reward Points Programs
Life@360
360incentives Becomes 360insights and Launches Industry-First Channel Success Platform
by 360insights On February 8, 2016 Under: Newsroom
Rebrand and launch of analytics solution comes on heels of announcement of $10 million round of funding for company.
(February 9, 2016) – Whitby, Ontario – 360insights, the world's first integrated cloud-based incentives software platform, today announced that it changed its name from 360incentives. With the new name, 360insights also formally launches its incentives industry-first Channel Success Platform, which includes a game-changing analytics engine. The company recently announced $10 million of funding to support its innovative work in the predictive analytics space.
360insights' Channel Success Platform shifts the focus from channel management to channel success, making it easier for companies to make data-driven, predictive decisions. The company processed over $1 billion dollars of claims through their platform last year, and in doing so has built a vast, and unprecedented dataset for the industry. At the same time 360insights is launching a powerful analytics suite that, when combined with this dataset, allows companies to predict which incentives programs will perform best, along with when and where to run them.
360insights Founder CEO Jason Atkins
"Companies that sell through complex channels have always asked the same set of fundamental questions about their consumers: Why did they come into the store? Why did they buy? How do we get more people to do the same?," said 360insights' founder and CEO, Jason Atkins. "Only a technology-first company can answer these questions with authority. Since day one we have been providing the best technology to drive faster processing and stricter compliance while still providing unparalleled flexibility."
Atkins continued, "Today, we're giving our clients the power to make data-driven, decisions that optimizes their programs so they can spend with greater certainty than ever. Analytics are the only way to break the cycle of fear-based inertia preventing companies from making the kind of decisive changes to their incentive programs that are required to create a material competitive advantage."
360insights has a history of being first to market with game-changing technology in the incentives space. In 2014, it became the industry's first fully integrated channel incentives platform with the launch of its co-op advertising module. This marked the first time that all incentive programs could be run on a single technology platform. It also signaled a shift in the industry from a focus on claims processing to the value of channel reporting and management.
About 360insights:
360insights provides the industry-leading channel success platform. The platform empowers brands to create, measure and manage their incentives programs such as sales incentives, rebates and co-op/mdf in real time with 100 percent auditing and fast payout of claims. The Canadian company serves over 100 of the world's top brands and has expanded to have operations around the USA and in London, UK.
Channel Success Platform
SPIFFs
Channel Insights
360 Values
Support 1-866-684-2308 | Sales 1-855-232-7872 | FAX: 1-866-877-0897
Copyright © 2020 360insights & 360insights.com.
All Rights Reserved. Various trademarks held by their respective owners.
360insights | 300 King St, Whitby, Ontario, Canada, L1N 4Z4


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text:
7192 Cieletespace eller 1993 RY1 är en asteroid i huvudbältet som upptäcktes den 12 september 1993 av de båda japanska astronomerna Kazuro Watanabe och Kin Endate vid Kitami-observatoriet. Den är uppkallad efter det franska månadsmagasinet Ciel et espace.

Asteroiden har en diameter på ungefär 15 kilometer och den tillhör asteroidgruppen Eos.

Referenser

Huvudbältesasteroider
Eos-asteroider
Astronomiska upptäckter av K Watanabe
Astronomiska upptäckter av Kin Endate
Astronomiska upptäckter 1993

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What Should Parents Expect in the New School Year?
It's late August, and thoughts are turning toward getting the kids ready for school. It seems hardly a few weeks ago that school was over for the summer, and here it is time for them to go back.
Kids will be in a higher grade than last year, and they are speculating about their new teachers. Every teacher has a reputation about being harder or stricter than others, about being nicer or not so understanding as others.
Some kids will be entering middle or high school, and have all the anxieties of being the new ones in the building. Will the older kids be rough on them? Will it be OK because some of their friends are coming with them to the new place?
Parents remember their own fears and anxieties when they were young. Later in life, these dreads seemed exaggerated. Things generally worked out, perhaps accompanied by some bullying or whispering about them. But, it was long ago. To kids today, though, it is right now.
So, another school year begins. This is the rhythm of life.
Teachers have been preparing to use different material and ways of instruction in reading/English language arts and mathematics. Kids may come home with homework that looks different than last year, and certainly different than when parents attended school.
The source of these changes is what is called the Common Core State Standards. Those changes are meant to help kids to learn more demanding material and to better use their minds to think things through. Then, kids will be better prepared for college and to get a good job.
Teachers have been preparing for this change, but many would like more time to become better trained. To complicate matters, some political groups are raising a stink about these standards. Although some may be well meaning, their concerns are mostly figments of their imaginations and self-produced illusions.
A Gallup poll of U.S. school superintendents shows that two-thirds believe the new standards will improve education in their communities. These standards are more rigorous than previous standards and "will ensure that students who graduate from high school are more ready for careers and college…" according to a report from a different poll of superintendents in 48 states. Seventy-three percent of those school leaders think the political debate has gotten in the way of successful implementation, and that "the political backlash mostly stems from misunderstanding and misinformation…".
So, ignore the political snipping. More important things are at stake — like your kids getting into college and getting a good job when they finish school.
A couple of other changes may not be as obvious or as discussed as this effort to get kids better prepared for life. One is that school finances are better than they were last year. The economic recession of a few years back really shook some schools. Teachers and principals thought they might lose their jobs and certainly any increases in pay.
That is now settling down. The economy is in better shape. States have more to spend on education. And, things are beginning to return to normal.
The other big change has been coming for years. Nationally, the majority of students in the public schools for the first time will not be white. They will particularly be Latino, and also Asian-Americans. Those have been the increasing portions of the student population. This change won't be evident in every school, but it will be in many.
Thus, life goes on. It is the season for school, and summer will be left behind.
Good luck to the students, and please take advantage of this chance to learn more. Good luck to parents too in getting through this, and please remember that your kids key off you in taking school seriously or not. Please remind them that the better they do, the easier it should make getting a good job later. No guarantees, of course; but they will increase their chances of doing better.
Soon, it will be fall, Thanksgiving and Christmas. Life goes on.
On August 19, 2014 this appeared as a blog by Jack Jennings in the Huffington Post.


اینارو که میبینم به خودم دری بری میگم.
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Liberalising the European rail passenger market - the British experience
Institute for Transport Studies news Tuesday 15 December 2015
Professor Chris Nash and Dr Andrew Smith take a look at how Britain has coped with rail passenger liberalisation, what has happened to rail demand and costs.
In the article, first published in European Rail Review, they also look at what possible solutions there might be to the problems experienced.
Since 2007, the European rail freight market has been completely open to new entry, and according to the most recent EC Rail Market Monitoring report, by 2012 considerable new entry had occurred. In 11 countries entrants held 20% or more of the market, although the EVES-rail study in which we participated could find no evidence of an impact of new entry on either costs or rail market share. By contrast, liberalisation of the passenger market was only required for international services, and only a handful of countries had gone further. In Britain, all passenger services had been taken over by new entrants, almost entirely through competitive tendering for franchises for profitable as well as unprofitable routes, with a very small number of services run commercially by open access operators. Elsewhere in Europe, by 2012 only in Sweden and Germany had new entrants gained more than 15% of the suburban and regional market; there was significant open access operation in the Czech Republic, Italy and Austria, but the biggest share of the long-distance market taken by new entrants was 7%.
Thus the experience of Britain is of particular importance, and at the Institute for Transport Studies (ITS) we have studied this extensively; a review of our work with references can be found in: Andrew S.J. Smith and Christopher Nash (2014) Rail Efficiency: Cost Research and Its Implications for Policy. Discussion Paper No 2014-22, International Transport Forum. In the next section we discuss the form that liberalisation in Britain took. We then look in turn at what has happened to rail demand and costs, and discuss possible solutions to the problems experienced before reaching our conclusions.
Rail passenger liberalisation in Britain
Over the period 1994-1997, almost all British rail passenger operations were divided into 25 companies, which were then offered as franchises to the most favourable bids. Minimum service levels were specified and some fares controlled, and bids invited in terms of the annual subsidy required (or premium offered) through what would normally be a 7-10 year franchise. The infrastructure was placed in a separate company, Railtrack, and privatised by sale of shares. Freight was also privatised by outright sale.
Within very few years, two crises hit the new structure. The first and most important was the placing of Railtrack into administration following an escalation of the costs of the major West Coast Main Line upgrade, and a massive increase in spending on maintenance and renewals generally following a fatal accident at Hatfield caused by a broken rail. But at the same time, the franchising process was in difficulties, with no fewer than five franchises close to bankruptcy having been unable to reduce costs to the extent foreseen. As a result, the infrastructure became the responsibility of a new not-for-dividend company, Network Rail, whose borrowings were guaranteed by the state, whilst a number of franchises were renegotiated or replaced with short-run management contracts, pending refranchising. As we shall see, during this period of disruption, costs of both infrastructure and train operations rose substantially, and ever since there has been a struggle to get them back under control.
Rail demand since privatisation
Figure 1 shows the remarkable performance of rail demand since franchising. An early ITS study found the increase in demand to be mainly due to external factors such as rising incomes, increasing road congestion and rises in the costs of motoring. Also, it was initially a franchise condition that regulated fares should increase at less than the rate of inflation, and train kilometres also rose as demand grew. However, part of the increase in traffic could not be explained by the model and might be attributed to improved marketing and customer service post privatisation. But the continued growth of rail demand through the economic crisis of 2008 remains remarkable and not fully understood. The total liberalisation of railway operations through franchising, and the very strong incentives to grow revenue resulting from the adoption of net cost contracts to a much greater extent than in other European countries, may have played a role.
Figure 1: Franchised rail passenger km, Great Britain, 1996-2014 (source:ORR)
As aforementioned, the position regarding costs is a lot less favourable. Between 1996/1997 and 2005/2006, real cost per passenger train kilometre rose by some 35%, with the biggest increase being in infrastructure costs but also a significant increase in train operating costs. Since then, unit costs have been reduced, but in 2011/2012 it remained 25% higher than at the completion of franchising (see Table 1).
In the case of infrastructure, ITS was responsible for the benchmarking work initiated by the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) to determine what level of cost reduction it should assume in its regulatory settlement. Figure 2 shows how Britain was performing relative to the efficiency frontier estimated based on a sample of other European countries at the time of the 2008 regulatory review of Network Rail's finances. It is clear that the cost increase at the time of Hatfield led to Network Rail falling well below European best-practice, a decline from which it is only slowly recovering. Adjusting for the failure to maintain renewals at a steady state level considerably reduced the performance pre Hatfield but has little impact on the efficiency scores for later years. ORR set targets based on the efficiency gap of approximately 40% identified in Figure 2 and Network Rail has been steadily improving efficiency in line with those targets, though there is some way to go yet, as recent delays and cost overruns on major new projects shows.
Figure 2: Profile of Network Rail Efficiency Scores: Preferred Model (source: Smith & Nash 2014)
What is more interesting is the situation regarding franchising. Studies by ITS have identified a number of reasons why franchising may have been less successful in Britain than in some other countries. Firstly, the placing of some franchises on management contracts clearly increased their costs, although costs returned to expected levels after refranchising. Secondly, we found that typically British franchises were inefficiently large – much larger than in countries such as Germany and Sweden – and also in some cases lost economies of density by splitting services on the same route between more than one operator - although such economies of density are limited when the services are diverse in their characteristics, such as the type of rolling stock needed to run them. Thirdly, we found that competition between train operators for scarce skilled staff, particularly drivers, had pushed up salaries in the industry much faster than in the economy as a whole. In most countries, winners of franchises had the opportunity to bring in their own staff, with different salaries and conditions to those of the incumbent; in Britain, the winner of a franchise took over an existing company and its staff. True, having taken over they could seek to implement changes in working practices and salary structures, but with relatively short franchises, it appears that the incentives to do this were inadequate. Another piece of work we undertook concluded that short franchises had led to a short-term view by franchisees when they took the lead in procuring rolling stock, reducing incentives for innovations to reduce life cycle costs.
The McNulty report in 2011 considered the way in which vertical separation between infrastructure manager and train operators had worked to be a major factor in the cost increase. Our work found some evidence that the transaction costs of negotiating, monitoring and enforcing contracts was a factor, although this would not amount to more than a few per cent increase in systems costs. More significantly, the EVES-rail study found evidence that complete vertical separation on densely used networks raised costs, and concluded that this was due to a lack of incentives for the infrastructure manager and train operators to work together to optimise system costs.
Possible solutions
The McNulty study concluded that longer franchises and joint ventures between the infrastructure manager and franchisees were important measures to improve efficiency. South West Trains formed the prototype for the latter, by implementing a structure in which the staff of the two bodies in the area concerned were merged under a common management, and changes in both costs and revenues shared. Of course, this will only overcome the problem of misalignment of incentives where almost all train services in the area in question are run by a single operator. Where, as in Britain, most services are passenger trains run under franchises that may be the case but will not be where freight accounts for a larger proportion of operations. But government seems to have reversed its initial acceptance of the case for longer franchises, whilst arguing reasonably that each case should be taken on its merits. An alternative approach to alignment of incentives is for services to be run under short contracts but with heavy intervention by the franchising authority on issues such as working practices and choice of rolling stock. That is essentially the approach taken in London to the London Overground franchise.
As noted in this article's opening paragraphs, there is an alternative way of introducing competition into rail passenger services, and that is by implementing open access for new commercial operators to enter the market. A recent report from the British Competition and Markets Authority strongly advocates this approach. It does have the advantages of making competition a continuous process, rather than something occurring only when a new franchise is awarded, and encouraging innovations which may be ruled out by the conditions of the franchise. It allows new operators to come in with their own salary structures and working practices, though splitting up output between operators could result in loss of economies of density. The cost implications in any given situation are hard to forecast. But it also has very real disadvantages. It will make getting a well-planned integrated timetable on the route more difficult. The evidence on economies of density suggests that splitting similar operations on a single route between operators will, other things being equal, raise costs, whilst it will also rule out the sort of deep alliances with the infrastructure manager referred to above. At present, experience of open access competition in Britain is limited to niche markets by a decision that it should not be permitted where it is primarily abstracting revenue from the franchisee, and it will be to countries where it is more extensive – Italy, the Czech Republic and Sweden – that we need to look for experience.
The British experience of rail passenger liberalisation has been mixed. In terms of demand, the last 20 years have been a period of amazing success – although there is still a lack of clear evidence on the part franchising has played in this. It is with respect to costs that the results are disappointing.
A number of lessons arise from the British experience. Firstly, it is important to resume competitive tendering for contracts as soon as possible after failure of a franchise. Secondly, it is important to consider the appropriate size and configuration of franchises from the point of view of cost efficiency and risk of failure. Strong economic regulation is also important in terms of ensuring access and pressure for improved efficiency on infrastructure managers. But most importantly, it is necessary to consider carefully how to give appropriate incentives to all parties to work together to optimise long-term system costs. In British circumstances, this means either franchises in which many of the key decisions regarding working practices and investment are reserved for government bodies, or long franchises coupled with deep alliances between the franchisee and Network Rail. Whilst such alliances are increasingly coming into existence at refranchising, it is not clear that the 7-10 year franchises which are again the norm are long enough to give adequate incentives to tackle the need to improve working practices and to innovate in terms of rolling stock, and government has taken to intervening directly on these issues (for instance, procuring rolling stock itself and requiring one person operation). Regulation and contracts can only go so far in achieving the required alignment of incentives.
The authors are grateful to the International Transport Forum for permission to reproduce tables and figures from Smith and Nash (2014), and to colleagues Professor Mark Wardman and Dr Phill Wheat for their contribution to the research discussed in this paper.
www.its.leeds.ac.uk/research/themes/rail
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Showing posts with label Max Eschner. Show all posts
Paul Adam: An introduction to the German bookbinding trade, part II
This article continues part I.
In his introduction to Adam's Leitfaden für die Gesellen- und Meister-Prüfung im Buchbindergewerbe (1904) Obermeister (Grand Master) Slaby of Berlin, Chair of the Federation of German Bookbinding Guilds, notes that in the short time since the adoption of (not yet mandatory) state regulated examinations for journeymen and apprentices, the need to formally define these examinations and to strive towards uniform action in the bookbinding field has revealed itself.
While the hands-on works were with few exceptions quite good, the same could not be said for the more theoretical aspects of the profession where there were severe shortcomings, with the oral examinations being even worse. Based on these observations the Masters in the Guilds and the heads of the Examination Boards decided in 1902 to create a guidebook (the Leitfaden) for these examinations, a challenge taken on by Paul Adam of Düsseldorf.
Adam took it upon himself to expand this guidebook well beyond the minimum requirements of defining the core questions apprentices and journeymen would need to answer in their respective examinations. By adding additional subjects Adam sought to provide the basis for a well-rounded and professionally aware bookbinding professional. This process of life-long learning would begin during the apprenticeship and be built upon during the binders journeymen years. Subjects added to this guidebook include a history of the book (and bookbinding), a history of the bookbinding trade. The complete contents were listed in the previous post.
Views of the bookbinding trade school of Badersleben in the Harz from the early 20th century.
Shown are the typesetting room and the bindery.
While the original intent was to publish separate volumes for apprentices and journeymen, Slaby notes that the Federation became convinced that the sooner apprentices began to familiarize themselves with the knowledge required to become a master, the easier it would be for them to progress through the ranks and become a master in their own right. As a result, trade schools (attendance at which was mandatory) were strongly urged to adopt this guidebook, and masters encouraged to impress its value upon their apprentices. At the same time members of the examination boards were told to familiarize themselves with the content of the book in the knowledge that those being tested by them would no longer "quake and be fearful" as they would be better prepared.
Overall, the tone of the guidebook was professionally stimulating, without becoming overly pedantic so that binders of all levels would want to consult with it regardless of their rank. This guidebook was not a bookbinding manual, giving only superficial attention to the details of particular binding styles but it was also more than a mere introduction to the field as it also contained details about the structure of the guilds, the ranks one could attain (apprentice, journeyman, and master) as well as sample questions for those respective examinations.
While Adams' manuals Der Bucheinband: Seine Technik und seine Geschichte (1890), Die praktischen Arbeiten des Buchbinders (1898), also published in English as Practical Bookbinding by Scott, Greenwood & Co. (London) in 1903 did not formally address the structure of the trade they did describe the work of binderies and their outfitting. With the formalization of the bookbinding trade, manuals began to appear that incorporated many of the aspects of this first guidebook, in particular sections on the history of the book and trade, "materials science," estimating, sample questions in preparation for examinations. An example of this type of manual is Heinrich Lüers' Das Fachwissen des Buchbinders that appeared in numerous editions (Deutsche National Bibliothek has 1939 as earliest edition). At the same time more pamphlet-like introductions to the bookbinding trade continued to be issued, often by the same authors.
View of a trade school classroom from Lüers' Fachwissen des Buchbinders (1943)
Making pastepapers and marbling in trade school.
From Lüers' Fachwissen des Buchbinders (1943)
Integral to the training of bookbinders of all levels were also the trade schools that complemented the hands-on on-the-job training provided in the individual binderies, offered courses for continuing education, and served as venues for the trade examinations. The trade schools also provided coursework in social studies, math (especially as it related to the trades, including estimating), and other subjects, something that was critical especially when apprentices were younger (as young as 13). This need for an "equalizer" was still evident when I served my apprenticeship in Germany from 1985-87 when my trade school class included those with university qualifications as well as those who left school early to learn a trade and ended up with publishers stapling magazines (also part of the hand bookbinding trades) all of whom needed to pass the same national examinations. Special courses in working with commercial grade high-speed folding machines and cutters were also included to provide a bridge to the industrial binding trade.
Master and apprentice.
I've had Adams' Leitfaden in my collection for some time, but as I was writing this, and searching for something online I tripped across Max Eschner's Der Buchbinder: Ein Lehr- und Lernbuch für Fachschulen, Fortbildungsschuen und zum Selbstunterricht, (Stuttgart: Hobbing & Büchle, 1898) similarly addresses the needs for a robust and comprehensive education in the bookbinding trade. It was based on the lesson plans of the municipal trade school for boys in Leipzig.A difference that was immediately noticeable was the inclusion of much bookbinding lore, including songs and poems that binders of all levels would have learned. More on Eschner in a later post.I am certain that others will appear over time as well...
Labels: Bookbinders' workshops, Buchbinder, Buchbinderein, German Guilds, History of the Trade, Max Eschner, Paul Adam


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Q: unable to mount New Volume from Ubuntu 14.04 This question has been asked here and here.
I have a dual boot system with Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 but I am not able to open New Volume from Ubuntu. It gives the following error:

I disabled the hibernate option using
powercfg /h off

but it did not work although it was able to disable the hibernate and fast boot option.
How can I fix this error?

A: There might be some problem in your ntfs partition.
You can fix it using ntfsfix
Open terminal and type
  sudo ntfsfix /dev/sda2

After successful completion of command try to remount the portition.


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Ala-ed-Din Khaldji (med flera variarande stavningar; ; egentligen Juna Khan), död 1316, var den andre och mäktigaste indiske härskaren i Delhisultanatet av Khaldjidynastin. Han regerade från 1296 till 1316. Allauddin Khaldji drömde om att bli den andre Alexander (Sikandar Sani). Allauddin khaldji är även känd för att ha hindrat mongolerna från att invadera Indien.

Referenser

Delhis sultaner
Män
Avlidna 1316
Födda okänt år
Personer i Indien under 1300-talet


Book the amazing mobile homes and campsites in our Bluesun Camp Paklenica and save 15% on regular prices.
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While neighbors dealt with whipping winds and flash flood conditions, a Mount Vernon family had a bigger problem Monday morning when a massive tree came coming down on their house, leaving extensive damage.
A Nuber Avenue family received quite the scare at approximately 7:30 a.m. on Monday morning, as wind gusts reached upwards of 40 mph in the area, unearthing the tree, which struck the side and roof of the home.
Despite the damage to the home, which is currently uninhabitable, no injuries were reported. The tree could be seen resting on the side of the house later in the day on Monday.


text:
Q: The books always give the caveat "if independent" I'm looking for statistics and probability books/resources that tackle dependant variables/events/etc.
The real world is almost never iid.
I'm interested in the mathematics of solving problems that have dependence at their core.
PS. I'm at the end of an introductory statistics book (1-2 year university), and would like to gain deeper mathematical understanding of dependence by solving examples/problems.

A: There's a whole slew of methods for dealing with various forms of dependence.
Time series and spatial methods in part deal with issues that relate to the way observations that are "close together" (in time, or space) may tend to be more strongly dependent than more distant observations.
Methods like principal components, factor analysis and in a much more general sense, copulas, may be used to describe or model a variety of kinds of multivariate dependence between variates.
Random effects/mixed effects models may be understood as a way to model some forms of dependence that could be seen as due to shared dependence on components of variation that are not explicit explanatory variates (a simple example would be the dependence due to shared class-memberships that shift the mean, for example when all the measurements in one class are on the same individual, who has individual variation that makes all their measurements tend to be more alike than they are like measurements of other individuals; another example would be student marks that tend to more alike with each other, intra-classroom than with other-student inter-classroom marks because of the effect of a shared teacher)
I've barely scratched the surface here, so see this as a list of a few examples of modelling forms of dependence than the whole gamut.


text:
Quinte – miasto położone w Hrabstwo Gove. Liczba ludności w 2010 roku wynosiła 918.

Bibliografia
 United States Census Bureau

Miasta w stanie Kansas


Recently I was at a conference where the speaker talked about the importance of 'trust' in employee engagement. His message was that managers who trust their employees benefit from better relationships.
This is undoubtedly true. It has been my experience that when employees are trusted to deliver, they are happier, more productive, more engaged, and more inspired to come up with ideas and new ways of working. Trust leads to empowerment and when we empower people, they thrive.
And this trust can be tangibly demonstrated in many ways. It is in the way a manager focuses on outcomes rather than input, concerned with what the employee delivers, rather than getting hung up on the 'how'. It is giving the employee freedom to work flexibly, recognising that the individual is competent enough to effectively manage their workload. It is giving the employee access to resources, appreciating that the individual is unlikely to take advantage.
I am reminded of, many years ago, working for an employer who had a blanket ban on social media. The thinking clearly being that if employees had access to social media, then we would spend excessive time updating our statuses, posting selfies, and liking posts. Which seemed grossly unfair and belittling; as if the workforce was incapable of prioritising work above all else. It was a very parent-child decision which indeed diminished the employees' responsibility and accountability.
And yet, I can, to some degree, see where the employer was coming from. Because, after all, trust is something which human beings struggle with; we often talk about people having to 'earn our trust.' Which is understandable; we can all speak of experiences when trust has been broken. But isn't it better to start from a position of trusting our employees first and deal with breakdowns on an as and when basis, as necessary?
To do this, I believe that companies need some key elements. They need policies, processes and procedures which give enough freedom for the employee to make their own decisions. They need communications and engagement activities which give choice, influence, and ownership; a company shouldn't just 'do' to an employee, the employee needs to be given a say and some element of control. They need leaders who are honest, authentic, consistent and who engage regularly with the people. They need confident managers, managers who understand their remit and role, and are not there simply to be directive. And, there needs to be a culture where challenge is positively encouraged – and where it's ok to make mistakes. Because sometimes things will go wrong, trust will be broken, and in an empowered, engaged and trusting workplace, that's ok.
If employers demonstrably trust their people, they will see better results, increased satisfaction and greater engagement. Which can only help companies to prosper.


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The Original Moku Hanga Inspired Playing Card.
The Moku Hanga Inspired Playing Cards Deck is an original set of playing cards designed by À Vol d'Oiseau. It melds the traditional aesthetics of Japanese style woodblock printing with a modern flare inspired by our interests in modern Japanese manga and western comics. The art is printed on 310 gsm linen playing cards.
The Joker cards represent Yôkai, monsters from the traditional Japanese folk tales. The one on the right is a Oni (鬼), a demon known for being invincible. The one on the left is Harionago (針女子). She comes from the Japanese prefecture of Ehime on Shikoku island. She is famous for her beauty and ensnaring men with her hair.


Free fringe concerts abound in London, and many are given regularly in Publishers' and Manufacturers' showrooms.
We have reported on several of contemporary music at Schott's music shop and most recently we attended an unusual event at Bluthner's, a premiere and CD launch of composer David Osbon's piano sonatas Number 1, Number 2 & Number 3 which he presented as a planned trilogy to be compared (and not entirely jocularly) with Beethoven's Op 109, 110 & 111.
Osbon, Head of Music at Kingston University, is a versatile composer happy with the classical tradition. He works to commissions and sees himself in a Beethoven/Tippett succession, believing in the continued viability of a three movement sonata format - quick/slow/quick - even complete with an exposition repeat in one sonata-form first movement.
The three were given exemplary performances by Osbon's muse and dedicatee, his pianist wife Jane Beament. They are available on CD [music chamber], but in my view are best taken separately, as they do not have sufficient depth, or variety within unity, to sustain a whole evening's recital or to recommend for purchase.


The DREAM HOTEL - APARTMENTS VILLA TAGORO is a charming village made for family dreams; situated in the residential area of Torviscas Alto; at a walking distance from a water park, it offers a free shuttle-bus service every 45 minutes to the nearby beaches and city centre.
This typical Canarian style Village offers different swimming pools to enjoy the sunshine, a pool bar where you can get drinks, ice creams or snacks. And for a delicious gastronomic experience, the buffet restaurant offers different thematic meals every day, which will just delight your taste. If you are looking for fun, our entertainment team will make your holiday unforgettable by offering a wide diversity of activities. The DREAM HOTEL - APARTMENTS VILLA TAGORO is a marvellous place to enjoy with your family and friends and to feel happy with the ones you care for!
From Reina Sofía - South Airport it is at a distance of 15 min. by car and 25 min. by bus.
From Los Rodeos - North Airport it is at a distance of 65 min. by car and 90 min. by bus.
This Village offers you 205 fully equipped apartments, decorated in warm colours and wood furniture; all of them equipped with direct dial telephone for calls, air conditioning, interactive satellite TV, security safe rental, piped music, mini bar, bathroom with shower - bathtub and hair-dryer. All of them are spacious and comfortable and will guarantee a pleasant stay.
Each apartment features a large living space. As you walk in you will find the living room and kitchenette, all decorated in wood and warm colours. Next to it is the bedroom with a twin bed with closet and a mirror set. The apartment offers a nice terrace.
Located on the top floor with a large terrace of 45 square meters with sun beds, this Superior apt. offers a nice jacuzzi in the bathroom; a living room with a sofa bed, separated form the bedroom, a kitchenette and all the modern commodities for a wonderful stay.
VILLA TAGORO offers a delicious buffet for breakfast, lunch and dinner, with a large variety of tasty specialities featuring vegetables, pasta, chicken, meat, seafood and green salads; starters include roast baron of beef, chicken and garden-fresh vegetables and much more... And wait untill you see our sinfully tempting dessert buffet! Besides Villa Tagoro's regular meal plan is ALL INCLUSIVE, to delight any taste and enjoy a simply fabulous holiday!
There are also two Bars for different occasions.
Located on the main terrace of the hotel, the Tagoro Buffet Restaurant offers a delicious "show cooking" buffet for breakfast, lunch and dinner! In the morning there is an international breakfast choice providing everything that you expect for a perfect morning meal. At lunch time there are a variety of internationl dishes, and at dinner time our "show cooking" corner offers different thematic buffets with Italian, Spanish, Mexican and Canarian specialities. All in a modern dining room, air-conditioned and well furnished to enjoy a perfect meal.
Take a seat at the pool bar, relax and enjoy a cocktail under the bright sun,or just get tanned while sipping your favourite choice. The bar offers all of cocktails and drinks, hot and cold beverages, snacks and a light buffet. It is simply the most favourite place next to the pool!
Open every day: 11:00 to 18:00.
With comfortable seats and chairs, the Bar hall is the ideal place to meet and enjoy; its delicious list of cocktails and drinks and the night shows make this bar a great place to enjoy a fun evening!
VILLA TAGORO offers a variety of services and facilities to meet desires, motivations and needs, as spending a happy family holiday is part of an unforgettable dream!
- A daily free bus service to the nearest beaches and centre; every hour, except Sundays.


text:
Chicago Releases 911 Calls From Smollett Incident in January
Posted 9:01 PM, June 5, 2019, by Associated Press, Updated at 09:00PM, June 5, 2019
CHICAGO (AP) — The city of Chicago has released two 911 calls made after "Empire" actor Jussie Smollett claimed he was the victim of a racist, homophobic attack.
Recordings of the calls following the January 29 incident were obtained by The Associated Press and other outlets Wednesday evening. Both calls were made by an unidentified man who said he worked for "an artist" who he didn't want to name.
During the first call, the man said the person went to a Subway restaurant and "some guys … they jumped him." The caller said the person was initially reluctant to make the report but that he would speak to police.
The man expressed concern about a perceived delay in police response during the second call.
Smollett was later charged with lying to police. Prosecutors dropped the charges on March 26.
Jussie Smollett Will Not Return to 'Empire' for Next Season
Brothers Sue Jussie Smollett's Lawyers, Claiming Defamation
Filed in: Entertainment
This Isn't Home
FOX40's first-ever documentary follows two families as they try to navigate homelessness in Sacramento. Click here to watch and learn how you can support homeless children in the city.
Chicago Police Release Body Cam Footage of Jussie Smollett Reporting His Attack
City of Chicago Sues Jussie Smollett for Investigative Costs
Entertainment National and World News
Officials: Chicago Filing Suit after Jussie Smollett Refuses to Pay $130K for Investigation Costs
National and World News News
3 Stabbed, Several Trampled Outside Chicago's Navy Pier After 4th of July Fireworks Show
National and World News
How a Case of Mistaken Identity Allowed a Man to be Taken Off Life Support
Man Charged after Woman, 2 Toddlers Found Dead Inside Staten Island Home
Rejected by Teen, Man Opens Fire on Car Near Party, Hitting Her Infant Daughter in the Head, Police Say
Local News News
Sacramento Police Investigating Deadly Shooting in North Sacramento
Softball Player Arrested for Allegedly Assaulting Umpire after 'Bad Call'
Father 'Completely Forgot' Baby in Hot Car at Ohio Shopping Center
3-Year-Old Girl Dies in Burning Car with Doors Chained Shut; Father in Custody


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Q: tablesorter romanian alphabet parser As I have almost zero knowledge of jquery and javascript, but I've been using tablesorter for one of my projects, and I kind of like it a lot, I need a custom parser that sorts one column by the Romanian alphabet, among various tables. Can someone help me with such a thing? The romanian alphabet which should be used in sorting is:
AaĂăÂâBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiÎîJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsȘșTtȚțUuVvWwXxYyZz

When I sort now, the Ăă, Ââ, Îî, Șș, Țț are placed at the end of the list for ASC order or at he begining for DESC ...
I have found something like what I need presented here: http://mottie.github.io/tablesorter/docs/example-option-custom-sort.html for the Icelandinc Alphabet ... should I just change the  Array.AlphanumericSortOrder to my alphabet and that would suffice? That code seems to be updated a long time ago for an older version of tablesorter ...

A: Yes, all you should need to do is swap out the sort order string. Also make sure to include the Sugar library.
$(function() {
  // define sugar.js Icelandic sort order
  Array.AlphanumericSortOrder = 'AaĂăÂâBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiÎîJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsȘșTtȚțUuVvWwXxYyZz';
  Array.AlphanumericSortIgnoreCase = true;
  // see https://github.com/andrewplummer/Sugar/issues/382#issuecomment-41526957
  Array.AlphanumericSortEquivalents = {};

  $("table").tablesorter({
    theme : 'blue',
    // table = table object; get config options from table.config
    // column is the column index (zero-based)
    ignoreCase : false,
    textSorter : {
      // alphanumeric sort from sugar (http://sugarjs.com/arrays#sorting)
      1 : Array.AlphanumericSort,
    }
  });
});


Sonia Ehrlich Sachs will speak on Health systems in low income setting as part of the Global Health Policy Programme. Sonia Ehrlich Sachs is a pediatrician and public health specialist. She received a B.A. from Harvard University, an M.D. from the University of Maryland Medical School, and an MPH from Harvard School of Public Health. A pediatrician with a specialty in pediatric endocrinology, Sonia practiced medicine for over 20 years, 14 of which she spent at the Harvard University Health Services. In 2004 she joined the Earth Institute and became the health coordinator for the Millennium Villages Project overseeing all health related interventions and research. The Millennium Villages Project is proof of concept that extremely poor rural communities can reach the Millennium Development Goals given a science-based, community led approach of integrated interventions that increase food production and increase access to health care, education, water and infrastructure. The goal is to show that such an integrated development approach is both scalable and sustainable.


Buy People of the Lake from the Historical Society for $25 plus postage and handling. Also available at Booktique Merimbula, Visitor Information Centre and local news agencies.
Authors Helen Swinbourne and Olwen Morris speaking at the book launch on Saturday October 14th 2012 at the Lakeview hotel.


This year, my little girl, Rachel, will turn exactly 2 1/2 on Christmas Eve. She's beginning to understand a lot more, so we made a decision that this year we would focus with her more on what Christmas is actually about. Not the toys, the gifts, the food etc…, but the meaning behind it all. Since she's only 2, we kept it basic, "baby Jesus has his birthday on Christmas. He was a present from God to us". And, so far, she's doing pretty good with it. I think it has helped that all of the presents we do have are wrapped and hiding, so she can't see them. I think this is something we'll continue to do as they get older!
So, part of the season is helping to spread joy because that's what Jesus does for us. To that end, I planned a little service project in which we made little reindeer candy canes, and took them to a retirement/nursing home to hand out. The making was so much fun! She handed me the googly eyes and red pom poms and I hot glued them on. We talked about what we were going to do with them, and by the end of making them, she knew we were going to give the candy canes to people to "make them happy". So sweet.
Yesterday we went and handed them out. The place we went was familiar to us because my husband's grandmother is there. Rachel was so good. She handed out candy canes with the other kids, and gave a hug to everyone she saw, regardless of their physical condition! The kids sang a few songs, and Rachel busted out with her "ABC's". Not Christmassy, but the residents sure enjoyed it!
I was so proud of her, and of all of the kids for their participation! The oldest in the group was 5, so for that age to really open up and be friendly with senior citizens was great. We're planning on doing this again, probably in February for Valentine's Day.
Melissa told me that Rachel was awesome! Friendly and social and talking with the residents… You should be proud!
Rachel was great, and I am proud of her! I hope that by starting early she will learn to love doing stuff like this.
Your boys were fine. I think they were mostly overwhelmed by the other kids, not the residents! All the others have been together A LOT… and that can be intimidating. We'll do it again later, and maybe this time we can all get together to make them, and it will be better for them!


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INJURIES AROUND THE NBA
Maxime Messier 18 April 2018
A lot of players in the playoff are injured and it can affect the team in a lot of ways like in points, in defense… Let's take a look at the upcoming games and on who will not play!
No. 1 Toronto Raptors vs. No. 8 Washington Wizards
Raptors: Fred VanVleet (shoulder) missed Game 1, and is questionable for Game 2.
Wizards: no injuries
No. 2 Boston Celtics vs. No. 7 Milwaukee Bucks
Celtics: Gordon Hayward (ankle, leg), Kyrie Irving (knee) and Daniel Theis (knee) are out for the postseason. Marcus Smart (thumb) could possibly return for a potential Game 7
Bucks: No injuries.
No. 3 Philadelphia 76ers vs. No. 6 Miami Heat
76ers: Joel Embiid (orbital fracture) could miss Game 3, he told ESPN. The 76ers have yet to clear him for contact and there is no timetable for his return.
Heat: Dion Waiters (ankle) out for the postseason.
No. 4 Cleveland Cavaliers vs. No. 5 Indiana Pacers
Cavaliers: George Hill (back) is questionable for Game 2. Kyle Korver (illness) missed practice on Monday, and is considered day-to-day.
Pacers: No injuries
No. 1 Houston Rockets vs. No. 8 Minnesota Timberwolves
Rockets: Luc Mbah a Moute (shoulder) expected to miss first-round series. Ryan Anderson (ankle) missed Game 1, but coach Mike D'Antoni says he has "a chance" to play in Game 2.
Timberwolves: No Injuries.
No. 2 Golden State Warriors vs. No. 7 San Antonio Spurs
Warriors: Stephen Curry (knee) and Patrick McCaw (spinal contusion) are expected to miss the first-round series. Andre Iguodala (thigh) is available for Game 2.
Spurs: Kawhi Leonard (quad) is reportedly out for the postseason. Joffrey Lauvergne (personal) will not play in Game 2.
No. 3 Portland Trail Blazers vs. No. 6 New Orleans Pelicans
Trail Blazers: Maurice Harkless (knee) missed Game 1 and is considered day-to-day.
Pelicans: DeMarcus Cousins (Achilles) is out for the postseason.
No. 4 Oklahoma City Thunder vs. No. 5 Utah Jazz
Thunder: Paul George (hip) says he'll play in Game 2. Andre Roberson (knee) is out for the postseason.
Jazz: The status of Donovan Mitchell (foot contusion) for Wednesday's Game 2 will be determined on Tuesday.
Previous Stephen Curry will travel to San Antonio for rehab!
Next Gordon Hayward is dunking again!
Klay Thompson Suffers Torn Achilles
19 November 2020 Robbie Lastella
Odell Beckham Jr. Tears ACL
26 October 2020 Holden O'Donnell
Ryan Shazier Retires – His Life Story and What the Future Holds
9 September 2020 Robbie Lastella
Mac McClung will NOT enter the 2020 NBA Draft, and will transfer. Where will he go?


Right now, there is really old laminate on the floor that definitely needs replaced. What flooring should I pair with the wood on the walls?? I fell like hardwood would be crazy maybe? How can I make this less 1950s and more today, or even country cabin feeling?
Any ideas welcome!! Thank you!
It is your house now, I say remodel and update it to reflect your tastes and needs. This does not mean that you have to trash the walls. What I would be inclined to do would be to salvage the wall material and reuse it in another manner, such as make furniture, decoration, or accents out of it. It would depend on how much material you have what you will be able to do with it, but there are few limitations. Reusing the material will honor your grand parent's memories.
I agree with reusing the wood maybe? It would be nice to have something, a piece of furniture maybe, that reminded you of your grandparents without you having to live with something you don't like.
If not I think a wood floor might be a bit too much, maybe a neutral carpet to soften the room a little?