The health of people around the world is said to be a global responsibility, one, which is shared and often spearheaded by physicians in the United States. How can physicians from the United States help build sustainable international medical projects and what practical, financial, and ethical issues must be considered before undertaking these endeavors. You are listening to a ReachMD, The Channel for Medical Professionals. Welcome to a special segment - Focus on Global Medicine. I am your host, Dr. Jennifer Shu, Practicing General Pediatrician and Author. Our guest is Dr. Parminder Suchdev, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Global Health at Emory University and Medical Epidemiologist in the Nutrition Branch at the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.
So, why do you think physicians are becoming more interested in global health?
Well, I think it's quite evident that the interest has blossomed and I think there is a lot of reasons and the one that I think on the more practical level for those who are out in a community practicing is that, you know, many patients that you see on a day-to-day basis are from the countries themselves and are immigrants and just due to this I think there is an increased interest in understanding the cultures and understanding where these patients come also just increasing travel of Americans themselves to other countries is also increased awareness of health issues.
Are there also more international health opportunities for physicians in training such as medical student and residents?
Absolutely, absolutely, and I think this has been demonstrated quite well. The AMC done an annual poll where they asked medical students, "have you participated in international elective" and if you look at that graph, it's gone up from about 10 to 15% in the 90s and most recently in 2008 they did a web survey of all the 200 or so medical schools and found that about half of all medical schools are offering some type of international health experience. So, there is definitely an increase and this also happens beyond the medical student level even that once people go on to residencies, there have been some recent service too in the pediatric program for instance that also showed little over half of all residency programs are also offering some type of global health experience. So, yeah, that interest is definitely increasing.
Physicians and trainees who are interested in international health work may not realize that they are some ethical challenges and I want to just go through these one by one and hope you can elaborate little bit, but some critics say that these trips are self-serving for the people who go on them. What are your thoughts on that?
Anyone who has gone abroad will often save his experience. The first time I did a global health experience for intense when I was an undergraduate coming back and just, you know I did get more out of this than the community I served. Thus, when you go as a trainee, do you feel like you have the resources and the knowledge to provide the care that is needed. Our medical system training is focused on tertiary care. When see a patient who comes with fever and cough, we get a chest x-ray to make the diagnosis of pneumonia, but when you are in a developing a country context, use your stethoscope and your history to make the diagnosis and so often we are trained to provide the care in global health setting. So, often the feeling is that maybe those who go abroad are getting more out of it than the community we serve and is not mutually beneficial.
I mean, but clearly of the patients abroad do benefit from the people out been there to help, but one other criticism is that because of the lack of health care access and certain laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures that you just can't follow current standards of healthcare delivery or provide continuity or access and what you state as a trivial, you know when a short-term trip really can't provide that continuity.
I really think it can. I think lot of people have felt this, myself included, that maybe continuity is impossible. The guidelines we learn here in the United States cannot be applied, but I think it can be in international organizations you know such as World Health Organization that has criteria to make diagnosis and provide care and these interventions have been shown to be effective and usually to problem is that the lack of knowledge or to lack of diagnostic tools that is really just the resources to get these and to apply these interventions and going back to pneumonia, I mean if with a fever and cough and developing country context that's going to be pneumonia and with low antibiotic resistance giving an appropriate antibody is going to result in beneficial impact. So, I think it can be done.
Could following up patient populations and performing a research in international settings produce also an ethical challenge? What kind of IRB might be used overseas?
When you talk of more on to the research site of doing international health work that definitely raises additional issues beyond just when are doing clinical care and that's actually where ethical guidelines are actually better established for doing research and it really depends on the context of where you are doing the work, whether you are doing it with the University or through a non-governmental organization, for instance, and most countries do have a local IRBs or Institutional Review Board or some version of an ethical review committee and it's really important to adhere to these when doing research. But I think more research definitely needs to be done because in lot of context the resources aren't there and the training is not there to do research and someway that's probably the best tool we can offer as physicians from the US going abroad is to provide research and provide tools to do evaluation of existing programs.
And you recently co-authored an article in the Ambulatory Pediatrics Journal detailing some guiding principles for international health work to kind of overcome these challenges that we have been talking about. Can you give us a highlight of what some of those guiding principles might be?
This model was created by those who have done international work and felt that these ethical challenges were common challenges that anyone faces and we were really looking for some type of tool to help guide work that's done abroad, and when we looked to the literature there really wasn't anything out there, there were just fewer guidelines, which in 2004 were created to guide humanitarian relief in response to disaster, but that's not really in most cases when physicians do short-term clinical work and so basically these guidelines were just set up to look at a program, both whether you are creating a new program or if you are just looking at a list of programs that are out there on the web for instance in deciding which of these program best serves me and then what will be the most valuable for my own career and educational development and the seven principals are mission, collaboration, education, service, teamwork, sustainability, and evaluation.
Now, in you 7 guiding principals, one of them collaboration and making sure that there is a good relationship between the aid group and the community of serving. Howe do you make sure that the local community is able to sustain the medical work once the aid group leave and this is financially also having an infrastructure to do so.
Absolutely and I think, you know, part of the first step in setting up a collaboration with a local institution is to really understand what that institution's mission is and understanding what their objectives are and serving needs that they feel are important, not necessarily what we or person traveling feel is important, and I think if you pick a project that is beneficial to the host community than sustainability is more likely to be insured because it will be valued for instance spending all these review sources to do a project on the HIV/AIDS and really the host community doesn't have resources to provide ongoing treatment for HIV/AIDS versus they really feel that, you know, nutrition is a big problem, you would be wasting your time because once you leave the project, it would no longer sustains. I think its really communicating effectively with the local organization in finding out what they feel is most important to them.
So, that kind of goes right in to service as one of your 7 guiding principals and that's the commitment to doing the work that the community actually needs and wants. In your experience and places that you have worked, what are some of the more manageable service goals that you can try to achieve in these international communities?
In my experience, the risk kind of goes into two parts, those of us who are clinical providers are trained to do clinical work whether that's seeing patient, doing a history and physical, providing short-term acute care for manageable condition. But there is also another piece of that which is public health intervention and that's something that we are often not trained in as medical providers, but something that we can really provide and whatever I mean by public health interventions might be let's say the problem of diarrhea. So, you might see in your clinic, 10 kids with diarrhea and might offer like oral rehydration solution to treat the diarrhea, IV fluids if it is a severe case, but that's not going to really address the source of the problem with the diarrhea, which is problems with safe water, problems with hygiene and so you might argue that your service goals might be better served focussing on education on hygiene, interventions to address safe water for instance, providing chlorine tablets to treat the water, may be bring a group of engineers to help address some of the access to water problem, and really focussing intervention to your service on public health we will have more sustainable impact.
Your paper also mentions the development of dental health and how fluoride varnishes might be one manageable way to make an intervention. The other issue is issue of nutrition. Another problem is the issue of nutrition in some of these countries where people may not have access to healthy foods. How do you tackle such a rod subjective like that?
Much of my research focus is on nutrition here at the CDC and there are lots of approaches you can take to address malnutrition and it remains to be the most common cause on over half of all childhood deaths in developing country context are associated with malnutrition. So, it's a universal problem in doing global health work and I think you mentioned that the acute problem is easiest to a kind of recommend dietary diversification, access to food, but when you have poverty, this is often not possible. So, the other interventions that can be used for instance supplementation, whether it is iron supplementation or multiple micronutrient supplementation. One program we have introduced recently in both Kenya and Haiti is the micronutrient powder called sprinkles that looks like a packet of sugar and it's applied directly to the food and each sachet only cost about 1 US cent and the idea is that you take the existing food that's available in the family that might be very nutrient dense and make it better and healthier and the sustainability and the acceptance of this product is very high.
In your paper you state that even with the best intentions and proper planning there are patients for whom adequate care cannot be given and well meaning interventions can have unexpected effects. What are some examples of that?
One example that I recall in El Salvador when I worked there as a resident was working in the rural community called Los Avellanos in rural El Salvador and a group of engineers came and in well intention decided to build a footbridge across one of the streams that ran toward the community, was the main source of water for the community, and during the rainy season, this stream would get flooded. So, they built a fancy metal bridge, bought welding equipment. The total cost was about $30,000 and it might have served the community well, but for instance the week following this intervention, a child had fallen off the bridge and broken his arms and so that was an unattended consequence for this footbridge and may be the money and resource has been better used to, for instance improve nutrition or improved access to water. Another case that happened with me was taking inappropriate medications that you might not realize would be needed that are often donated by pharmaceutical companies, for instance, we had hundreds of inhaled steroids that were donated and taking these into another country where more acute management of asthma or respiratory conditions is needed and inhaled steroids might not be as accepted then the medical ways that's left behind by all the plastic and the metal is often something that needs to be considered as well.
I would like to thank our guest, Dr. Parminder Suchdev. We have been discussing the practical, ethical, and financial considerations of international voluntarism.
I am Dr. Jennifer Shu. You have been listening to a special segment - Focus on Global Medicine on ReachMD, The Channel for Medical Professionals. Please visit our website at www.reachmd.com which features on-demand pod casts of our entire library. Thank you for listening.
Thank you for listening to our special series, Focus on Global Medicine. As we celebrate this annual holiday season, everyone at ReachMD wishes you and your family a happy holiday and a successful New Year.
The health of people around the world is frequently said to be a global responsibility, one that is shared and often spearheaded by medical professionals in the United States. How can we help to build sustainable international medical projects? And what practical, financial and ethical issues must be considered before undertaking these endeavors? Dr. Parminder Suchdev, assistant professor of pediatrics and global health at Emory University and a medical epidemiologist in the nutrition branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, guides us through the experience of medical volunteerism overseas. How do you ensure that your efforts fulfill both your expectations and those of the community in which you serve? Further, what can you do to make certain that your work will be continued once you have returned home? Dr. Jennifer Shu hosts.


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Gay Style: Fashion Houses, Designers, Latest Trends
There is of course no such thing as "gay style," as no one certain look is indicative of LGBTQ people, but being on the forefront of fashion, grooming and style trends have long been synonymous with members of the queer community. While not everyone in the LGBTQ community obsesses over how they look and dress, many of us do. Chic new styles for gay men are popping up all the time, and there are many ways to show off your own sense of gay style. Many of the world's leading fashion designers happen to be gay men, which means that yesterday's social outcasts are now deciding what makes it onto store shelves worldwide. Who's in and who's out in the world of fashion today? It's an ever-changing topic. Regardless of what you like to wear, take your style knowledge to the next level by jumping into Hornet's gay style coverage.
5 Steps to Becoming an Impeccably Groomed Man
Experts say the most important of all grooming tips for men is to become good friends with your barber. And in a perfect world, sure, that makes sense. But truly talented barbers don't come cheap — or with always-convenient availability — which is why we'd amend those wise words just[…]
5 Steps to Crafting the Self-Care Day of Your Dreams
The concept of self-care used to come across as selfish. "I'm going to have a 'me' day" or "I'm going to take myself on a date tonight" didn't always go over well in the group chat. It was the equivalent of "Oh, I can't, I'm washing my hair tonight." But[…]
5 Travel Hair Styling Tips for On-the-Go Guys
Anyone who travels regularly knows that every inch counts… especially when it comes to your luggage. With flight delays and airport overcrowding, managing to get everything you need into a 'carry-on and one personal item' is a win. So when defining your essential travel hair styling needs, it's important to pack[…]
Safely Shave Down There: Let's Take the Fear Out of Shaving Your Sensitive Parts
Most men have a shaving horror story. Blame underwear ads, adult entertainment or reruns of Baywatch (Zac Efron version included) — anything that routinely shoves a near-hairless torso in our face — but the fact is from the moment guys start growing hair anywhere other than our heads, we're looking[…]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Once upon a time, there was a happy and imaginative little girl who loved the kiwi from her Kiwi Crate boxes very, very much.
So, not long after school started, the little girl wrote a letter. She wrote the letter to the kiwi!
At the bottom, she drew her very best family picture. The little girl drew her kitty cat Molly, but far away because Molly doesn't like people. She also drew her papa and her mama, but she mixed up the names so her mama was a little too tiny but it's okay. The little girl also added the one she wanted to join her family: Kiwi.
She did her best to write a good, polite note. The little girl wrote it all by herself, hoping that Kiwi would see how hard she worked. She really wanted Kiwi to come for a play date. And, maybe, if Kiwi liked it at her house, they could play together for longer than one day!
"From Autumn. Will you come over to haos we will have a pladat to gever. We will have a grat tie plaey to gedr. You will haf to come tomorow aftr soole."
The little girl's mama sent her on a scavenger hunt to find a surprise that came in the mail. When the little girl saw the holes in the box she started to get so excited. There was a note. Kiwi (which must be a last name because she now knows his name is Steve) sent his friend Kiri! Kiri came all the way to stay with the little girl!
And, ever since then, they have had so many wonderful adventures. They played hide and seek with the little girl's grandfather.
Kiri and the little girl basked in the sun, reading books on the balcony at the beach.
They read and have story time together.
And Kiri even gets to ride in the baby carrier on trips around the house sometimes!
The little girl is so happy to have Kiri. To make sure she really, really never wants to leave, the little girl made Kiri a super comfy bed in a hat with very soft clothes.
We love Kiwi Crate so much that I want to offer you a free Single Crate or a Limited Edition Holiday Crate just in time for the holidays!
One lucky winner will get their choice of a Single Kiwi Crate or a Limited Edition Holiday Crate! The contest will run today through Monday, December 2, at 11:59pm, Eastern Time. We'll contact the winner on Tuesday, December 3. Also, this giveaway will be limited to those in the US, US territories, and anyone with an APO address.
To enter, first let the Rafflecopter widget load. Then, you can see the different ways to enter and how many entries each one is worth. Even better? You can tweet or share the giveaway for an entry daily, if you want! The easiest one is to simply leave a comment telling me which crate you think you and your family or friends would most enjoy.
This post was originally written for our family blog on October 13. None of the photos are posed, if you can believe it!
Fine Print: No purchase necessary. Open to Residents of the United States, its territories, and those with APO Boxes. Must be over 18. Giveaway will end Monday, December 2, at 11:59 PM EST. One winner will be selected at random using Rafflecopter and we will contact the winner on Tuesday, December 3. The winner will be emailed and he or she will have 48 hours to claim their prize or another winner will be selected. All information provided is solely for the purpose of contacting the winner. Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Google are not associated with this giveaway and Kiwi Crate is not sponsoring the free crate.
I would choose the single Kiwi crate. My daughter would love this.
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I would choose the Space Hero crate.


Community is a group of customers and customer representatives. They collaborate by sharing their ideas, problems, queries and information. People in the community are helping each other when is it necessary. They are answering each other's questions.
Create your own community in LiveAgent. Lean more about the Forum.


The Firm has extensive experience in dealing with corporate, regulatory and liability issues facing insurers, hospitals and HMOs in Puerto Rico. The Firm represents many of the major insurance companies in Puerto Rico, including major participants in the Puerto Rico Health Reform. PMA also represents a number of clients engaged in the hospital and health care management business. Our attorneys have represented these clients in licensing and other matters before the Insurance Commissioner and the Health Department and in a wide array of litigation including malpractice and employment actions as well as commercial and contractual disputes. The Firm also provides advice to its financial institutions clients with respect to permitted insurance activities.


The Reizen Spiral Mini Ball with Bells is a multi-purpose recreational ball that's perfect for training and for children. Three specially designed rust proof, non-magnetic jingling bells on the inside allow for audible tracking of the ball.
Soft matte-finish PVC with hand-sewn seams is appropriate for play on almost any natural or artificial surface, both indoors and outside. 100-percent natural latex bladder for maximum bounce and air retention. 12-panel design with hand-sewn seams. Color: White with black imprinted design. 5.5-inch Diameter.
NOTE: We recommend using a needle with a round tip and air holes on both sides for inflation.


A beautifully presented, ground-floor property located just yards from the town centre, but in a very peaceful location, tucked away from the passing traffic. It is comfortably furnished and very well equipped offering the added benefit of sloped access, extra-wide doorways and no threshold step to the front door and the benefit of a wet room, this bungalow would suit those with walking difficulties and wheelchair users. Situated in a lane behind St Peter's Church, the seafront gardens, shops and railway are all within easy, level reach.
Ground floor: Front door opening into: open plan living/dining and kitchen. Lounge: with TV/DVD player and dining table. Kitchen: with electric cooker, larder fridge, washing machine/tumble dryer and microwave. Hallway to: 1 double bedroom and 1 single bedroom with an additional stowaway bed underneath. Family shower room with walk in shower, WC and wash basin.
Please note: Outside: small patio with access via double bedroom. Bed linen and towels provided. Parking. Location: beach 400 metres, pubs and shops a 3-minute stroll.
Excellent property well furnished and fitted out, the best we have had.


Ray Shawdee is the 69th ranked of 96 active US Northeast Pro Middleweights.
Ray Shawdee is the 20th ranked of 30 active New England Pro Middleweights.
Ray Shawdee is the 552nd ranked of 811 active United States Pro Middleweights.


SSAB offers a range of products designed to fight wear and weight in a variety of applications, including trailer chassis and dump bodies for the trucking industry, as well as applications for aggregates, earth moving, lifting, asphalt and concrete.
The new Hardox 500 Tuf delivers an exceptional combination of strength, hardness and toughness. Superior wear and dent resistance gives long service life and the ability to withstand heavy impact. Hardox wear stairs demonstrate how different Hardox grades deliver increasing wear resistance and service life, while at the same time reducing the weight of parts and products operating in wear-critical environments.
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Also offerd is Duroxite 400, a new extension to the Duroxite range of overlay products.


It's noon on an unusually balmy day in San Francisco's Noe Valley district. I'm in an airy attic loft, surrounded by the blissful sounds of Sanskrit chanting and an aura of peace distinctly unlike any I have ever experienced in a yoga class setting. In this case, it's hatha yoga with Jaya, the newest teacher at one of the city's oldest ashrams: Integral Yoga Institute. The Institute is devoted to not just the asanas of yoga but its complete philosophy.
"Remember, you're not here to compete with anybody," Jaya intones. "Don't worry if you can't do the posture. Just come back to the breath and let yourself go as far as you can." These words of encouragement get me to go deeper into my dhanurasana (bow pose) than I might have otherwise.
The Integral Yoga Institute, which opened in 1970, is more of an ashram than a yoga studio - which seems to eradicate the competitive edge I've found at many studios. The Institute is based on the principles established by Sri Swami Satchidananda, a revered yoga master devoted to peace and service to humanity. Born in India, he lived until 2002 and left behind the Yogaville ashram in rural Virginia and several other centers around the world. As the Institute's mission statement declares, "As one practices yoga, the body, emotions, and intellect become perfected tools for service to humanity. At the same time, all obstacles to the realization of perfect happiness gradually drop away."
The Institute is grounded in the acceptance and unification of multiple faiths and belief systems. The Institute's logo - a beautiful lotus in full bloom dotted with religious and spiritual symbols from various faiths - emphasizes the center's engagement with the tenets of peace and harmony that permeate all cultures. As Swami Satchidananda's motto simply states, "Truth is one, Paths are many."
Another aspect that sets the Institute apart is the focus on breathing. Institute Director Swami Vimalananda explains, "In going back to the breath, we get to really experience the full effect of the posture. We believe that when we calm the mind and body, we abide in our true nature, which is peace. So we're going from body to breath to mind to peace. This is a principle that runs throughout our classes."
Vimalananda also describes the Institute as very "teaching-based." Aside from daily yoga classes - mixed level hatha yoga, hatha yoga for beginners, and gentle yoga and yoga for practitioners with HIV, to name a few - the Institute holds meditations, teacher trainings for gentle yoga and raja yoga, and various healing seminars. There is also a medley of sangha events, such as the Institute's upcoming evening of chanting, a two-hour Gayatri mantra."
We do have a certain percentage of people who only come for the yoga, then leave," says Vimalananda. "But this is more of a community, so people do come back for our other courses, for the sangha events and just to be in the space."
It's not surprising that yogis from all walks of life come to Integral Yoga to bask in the space. A sprawling three-story Victorian with a handful of airy yoga studios (with names like Jyothi and Bhakti) featuring soft blue carpets, eggshell-colored walls and bay windows, the Institute feels more like a retreat center than a place to get your daily exercise fix. The garden boasts a menagerie of multi-hued flora in full bloom, as well as statues of deities from a plethora of religions that snake a path back to a three-dimensional depiction of the Institute's lotus logo.
"We want this to symbolize that though there are many paths that may look different, they're essentially the same and lead back to one god, one source," Vimalananda tells me.
I sit quietly for a few moments, basking in the enormity of that message as well as the general beauty and contemplativeness of the space. Eventually I head out into the city, safe in the knowledge that I've discovered yet another calming refuge in the midst of urbania.


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Louis C.K.'s Voice Edited Out of Disney's 'Gravity Falls'
Kevin Fitzpatrick Published: December 22, 2017
Disney Channel / FX
Sexual harassment revelations against Louis C.K. have naturally precluded any new projects, but Disney has taken matters one step further. Multiple episodes of the Disney Channel's Gravity Falls have taken to overdubbing C.K.'s voice, so as to remove any association with the comedian.
The Hollywood Reporter confirms that 2015 and 2016 episodes "Weirdmageddon: Part 1" and "Weirdmageddon: Part 3" will no longer feature Louis C.K. lending his voice to a character named – wait for it – "The Horrifying Sweaty One-Armed Monstrosity," who was known for an insatiable desire to put people in his mouth. Series creator Alex Hirsch dubbed over character, as Disney now explains:
The role was rerecorded approximately one month ago and new versions of three episodes are now on the Disney XD schedule around the world. Series creator and executive producer Alex Hirsch is now credited as playing the character.
You can also listen to the before-and-after here:
Gravity Falls is just one of many TV projects to dissociate with C.K., following HBO's removal of the comedian's standup specials, and FX dissolving his producer's credits on Better Things, Baskets, One Mississippi and animated series The Cops. Like Gravity Falls, The Cops may move forward with a new voice actor replacing C.K.
In the meantime, stay tuned for further developments on any upcoming projects.
Louis C.K. Buying 'I Love You, Daddy' Back From Distributor Following Sexual Harassment
Source: Louis C.K.'s Voice Edited Out of Disney's 'Gravity Falls'
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Benefits Of Peppermint Oil For Hair, Peppermint oil is an essential that is proven to be highly beneficial for both hair and skin. It has been a well-known ingredient for hair treatments since the olden times. It is a great remedy for hair problems like hair loss, dryness of scalp and much more. Let us take a brief look at some of the benefits of peppermint oil for hair in these latest health tips.
Peppermint oil has good moisturizing properties and you can even combine it with other essential oils like castor oil, almond oil, olive oil etc. When you mix it with carrier oils, it prevents irritation and other undesirable side effects. To moisturize, apply the mix on your scalp and cover your head with a shower cap. Place a warm towel above the cap and leave it on for up to half an hour. Let the heat penetrate inside and by the time you remove the cap and towel, the oil would have moisturized and nourished your hair.
Peppermint oil has the power to stimulate hair follicle by penetrating inside. It also improves blood circulation as well as increases the supply of oxygen, which accelerates the growth of hair follicles. Peppermint oil is an ideal solution to get long and healthy hair. This is quite one of the lesser known beauty tips that are now gaining prominence.
Peppermint oil is an effective solution to the problem of dry scalp. It restores the scalp to its normal condition, though it does not affect the reduction or increase in production of oil. Dandruff is commonly a result of dry scalp. Dandruff is eliminated when the dryness of the scalp is healed. It automatically relieves the itching sensation and also has a refreshing smell, so that you do not have to use any other fragrance.
Peppermint oil works well as an astringent. It reduces excessive oil production in the scalp and also balances the pH level of Scalp. It is an excellent cure for both oily as well as dry scalp.
Peppermint oil has the power to stimulate blood circulation towards the hair follicles and to promote hair growth. It strengthens hair roots and delivers the essential nutrients to hair roots that ultimately make hair healthy and strong. Follow these beauty tips to keep your hair healthy and strong.


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Q: Why queries are getting progressively slower when using postgres with spring batch? I'm running a job using Spring Batch 4.2.0 with postgres (11.2) as backend. It's all wrapped in a spring boot app. I've 5 steps and each runs using a simple partitioning strategy to divide data by id ranges and reads data into each partition (which are processed by separate threads). I've about 18M rows in the table, each step reads, changes few fields and writes back. Each step reads all 18M rows and writes back. The issue I'm facing is, the queries that run to pull data into each thread scans data by id range like,
select field_1, field_2, field_66 from table where id >= 1 and id < 10000.
In this case each thread processes 10_000 rows at a time. When there's no traffic the query takes less than a second to read all 10,000 rows. But when the job runs there's about 70 threads reading all that data in. It goes progressively slower to almost a minute and a half, any ideas where to start troubleshooting this?
I do see autovacuum running in the backgroun for almost the whole duration of job. It definitely has enough memory to hold all that data in memory (about 6GB max heap). Postgres has sufficient shared_buffers 2GB, max_wal_size 2GB but not sure if that in itself is sufficient. Another thing I see is loads of COMMIT queries hanging around when checking through pg_stat_activity. Usually as much as number of partitions. So, instead of 70 connections being used by 70 partitions there are 140 conections used up with 70 of them running COMMIT. As time progresses these COMMITs get progressively slower too.

A: You are probably hitting https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-batch/issues/3634.
This issue has been fixed and will be part of version 4.2.3 planned to be released this week.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Tarp-Mahal is one of the most iconic images people remember from any Georgia Bushcraft Event. Constructed in 2014 out of locally harvested bamboo, heirloom cedar trunks and 16 miles worth of tarred bank line, this primitive shelter embodies the Georgia Bushcraft spirit.
This illustration was drawn by one of our own, Tim Foxtrot.
These stickers are available in Firebrick Red, Charred Oak, Forest Green, and Orchid Pink.


Taipei – The U.S.' 50-year-old alliance with [Formosa] Taiwan is eroding slowly but surely in the face of Beijing's siren call and growing indifference of the Obama Administration.
Yet at a moment when U.S. strategy ostensibly calls for a "pivot" toward Asia the de facto alliance could never have been more critical. Should Beijing manage to pull off a political union with Taiwan, the possibility of the People's Liberation Army operating from the Island's bases would be a 'break out'. It would open the First Island Chain of the Continent for China's access to the Pacific, endanger Japan which has always considered Taiwan essential to its security, and infinitely complicate American efforts to maintain freedom of the seas in what is becoming the world's most important commercial artery.
In fact, since Maximum Leader Deng Hsiao-ping opened the Mainland to foreign investors and technology exporting to third markets, there has been a reverse invasion. With its sophisticated economy based on the 50-year Japanese Occupation and more than $1.6 billion in American economic aid [and another $2.5 I billion in military], the Taiwanese have taken on a panache of modernity for Mainlanders. A million Taiwanese managers and workers oversee a billion dollars in their own investment and often supply the essential cutting edge of other foreign multinationals' operations.
But now new forces are at work. Increasing labor and energy costs are forcing Taiwan Mainland manufacturing out of China to Southeast Asia and other low-wage countries as far as afield as Mexico, Brazil .and South Africa. As the Mainland struggles to move into higher technological products, Taiwan's historic transferring role is imperilled by a drop in direct foreign investment in the Island brought on by competition from the Mainland itself and other export-oriented economies. There has also been a lethargic response by government in cutting regulation – some of it inherited as baggage of bitter memories of inflation and economic warfare which played a principal role in the Nationalists' defeat in their last years on the Mainland. That's true despite Taiwan's almost too slick media campaign to welcome foreigners.
Pres. Ma Ying-jeou, now serving a second and last permitted term after his Kuomintang [KMT] Party returned to power, is being blamed in some quarters. His typically KMT statist approach followed the opposition Democratic People's Party's previous freewheeling if scandal-plagued eight-year pro-business environment. Ma, who has backed off his unpopular proposal to reach some sort of political arrangement with Beijing, has dived in popularity. But it was not before the two political parties, his KMT and the Mainland Communists, had met to reinforce the "one China" policy. And it was not before he initiated agreements which brought new integration for the Taiwan and Mainland economies.
Ma argued his new arrangements, strongly urged by the multinationals, were necessary to open Southeast Asian markets to Taiwan exports. Only closer relations with the Mainland would prevent Beijing threatening those dealing with Taiwan with curtailment in dealings with the Mainland. Ma also claimed the new more direct communications with the Mainland would help the domestic economic scene. GDP is dipping and by Taiwan standards unemployment is high, especially for its large crop of highly educated young.
But with Taiwan's trade already 40% with the Mainland, the implications become increasingly plain – especially since some insist Ma got taken in the negotiations. There has been no significant improvement in the Taiwan economy. And Ma's program of continuing subsidies has boosted the debt ten times since he took office. Rising prices are also bringing new complaints.
Furthermore, despite holding tourism to 7,000 a day – to prevent an illegal problem with some 50 million Mainlanders who have expressed a desire to visit — the opposition claims Ma has opened the door to infiltration and manipulation. There are signs pro-Communist investors have moved into the media through front investors.
Meanwhile, though the Obama Administration – having moved quickly in its first few months to transfer longstanding promised arms to Taiwan – has continued Washington's policy of holding back on state-of-the-art fighters although approving a long-standing promise to upgrade F16s. Island strategists have always seen control of the air over the Strait as their first line of defence. Frequent and loud Beijing complaints about U.S. arms transfers have usually been enough to slow or bloc them. Now, of course, there are budget restraints in both Taiwan and the U.S.
American policy on Taiwan has fluctuated violently during the 50 years of the alliance with little regard to party lines. In the early years, the U.S. half-heartedly supported Chiang's threat to retake the Mainland – even to black operations in northern Thailand and Mustang in the Himalayas with remnant KMT military. Then came a period of leashing Chiang, only to be followed by the Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1958 when Washington hinted at nuclear weapons if Beijing tried to take the Strait islands closer to the Mainland than Taiwan. Then came Pres. Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger's "opening to China" with only the leadership of Sen. Richard Stone [D., FL] and the Congress' Taiwan Relations Act turning back Pres. Jimmy Carter's implicit threat to dump Taiwan altogether. In 1996, when China conducted provocative missile tests to try to influence Taiwan's first direct presidential election, Pres. Bill Clinton ordered two carriers to the Strait as a clear message to Beijing.
With the Obama Administration's ostensive "pivot" in U.S. strategy toward Asia and particularly northeast Asia, Taiwan's strategic importance takes on new dimensions. Haunted by the history of the 1930s with Nazi Germany and the Japanese militarists, the argument Washington needs an enemy or that by taking counter measures it may be creating an enemy ring hollow. Despite China's complaints of attempts to bloc its emergence as a world power,, any strategy to counter Beijing's mushrooming military expenditures against an unseen enemy, bellicosity of senior officers and its obviously enlarging space and potential and active cyber warfare, maintaining Taiwan's de facto independence as well as more effective multilateral cooperation among U.S. bilateral allies in the region becomes a high Washington priority. Given current trends on the Island, that may become increasingly difficult.
China: charisma to the rescue?
In a troubled world, the obstacles to continued growth and stability in Communist China are staggering compared to the crises of the Euro and Sequestration. Most foreign observers are either wilfully blind to the growing evidence or facing a possible period of worldwide economic decline, they still hope growth in China [and perhaps India] will be the salvation. It won't.
Meanwhile, in Beijing, Hong Kong – and Taiwan – there is a theory the new Fifth Generation of leadership just formally taking the helm will steer China toward reform and continued spectacular growth. It revolves around what many view as the charismatic personality of Pres. Xi Jinping, the new No. 1 in Beijing.
Xi went on something close to the baby-kissing tour of an American politician leading up to the November meeting of the National People's Congress and his formal installation March 5. It's tapered off a bit now. But the media are still full of stories about how he has a jocular, down-to-earth style that fascinates, and there are official photographs to prove it with adoring, smiling faces surrounding him.
Somehow, these proponents of a charismatic personality as a solution to China's problems have nostalgia for the good old days of Chairman Mao and his smiling countenance. Never mind that he was a monster. New studies by Chinese dissidents now calculate the loss of life during his man-made famine during the so-called Great Leap Forward [1958-61] by new tens of millions – yes, tens of millions. Hong Kong China scholar Father L. Ladany's 30 million figure, was ridiculed at the time, but estimates now have reached 60 million. Note too this regime which is so demanding of others to acknowledge their sins in World War II and before has yet to take responsibility for this holocaust created by The Great Helmsman.
The trouble with the charisma hypothesis is that even were it to prove out, ultimately it doesn't solve problems. Beijing has them in spades.
Environmental pollution is not just [at latest count] more than 6,6 00 piglet carcasses dead from some not quite identified virus floating down the Huangpu River threatening Shanghai's water supply. Other late scandals include everything from pork that glows in the dark with a blue light to the use by Beijing restaurants of cooking oil rescued from the gutter. Increasingly, there are direct economic consequences from pollution: for example, in some instances factories have been forced to close, either because they were spewing pollutants into nearby water supplies, or because their contribution to air pollution was making it poisonous. The recent record air pollution in Beijing blocked vision beyond a few hundred feet. Mainland pollution even drifts into Hong Kong and recently residents of Japan's southern island of Kyushu were warned to stay indoors because winds had brought it across the Yellow Sea. ["Yellow" because of the steady flow of sand from China's Gobi Desert increasingly creeping up on Beijing from the west].
Then there is the falling gross domestic product [GDP]. Never mind that GDP is the sum total of economic activity, and in China this means literally including the building of ghost cities capable of housing several hundred thousand people. They stand empty because the central planners and State Owned Enterprises [SOEs] that still command the economy and monopolize its credit resources didn't take residential jobs into consideration. They join the hundreds of thousand of empty apartments, too expensive for most buyers, but one of the few investment possibilities for savers who get actual negative interest on their bank holdings.
Statistically speaking – and that too opens questions with regional figures not adding up to national sums and electricity consumption figures belying the official GDP counts – growth is dropping below what had been considered acceptable limits. That is, it is falling under the 8% annual growth which conventional wisdom held was necessary to preserve stability in a still growing population of 1.3 billion.
That stability is already under attack. So-called "mass incidents", outbreaks of local violence throughout the country, have accelerated to the point the government no longer issues statistics about them. They have arisen in the past over land grabs by local authorities — often cropland — without proper compensation to the peasants whose livelihood is undermined. No one yet suggests this opposition has national leadership or, indeed, that the incidents are linked in any kind of movement to overthrow the regime. In fact beyond their local support, most Chinese apparently see them as disruptive. Too many people remember the chaos of the decade-long Great Cultural Revolution [1976-86] which only Mao's death and calling in of the military got under control. "Luan", unmitigated discord, is a threat hanging over China and a weapon of the regime used to blackmail the population to accept arbitrary government without the rule of law. Intellectuals remember it as what happened historically when a ruling dynasty crumbled slowly into anarchy.
Outgoing Prime Minister Wen Jaibao warned if reforms aren't made another Cultural Revolution might be in store. Yet so far, while juggling bureaucracies – including folding the notoriously corrupt railway ministry where billions had been embezzled – the new leadership has not yet adopted a promised anti-corruption law. To do so, some observers suspect, would open the operations of the government and the SOEs to adverse publicity they could not hide. Furthermore, there is the argument that massive corruption is so much a part of the system, it could not function without it.
The problem, too, is that corrupt practices so permeate the regime almost all members of the Communist Party hierarchy are involved. The exposure of the enormous fortune amassed by Wen's family by The New York Times dramatized the issue, and made a mockery of Wen's calls for reform.
But, ultimately, one has to put two questions: is Xi all that different from the mediocre apparatchiks who have preceded him in office? Is it possible a Chinese leader could make it to the top in Communist Party, hiding as a mediocrity, and then blossom once he had escaped the head-lopping that takes place on the way up? Possibly, but not very likely it would seem.
In fact, many of the problems facing Xi and his buddies in the Standing Committee of the Politburo – now reduced to seven from nine to make it more efficient – are seemingly beyond China's control. The remarkable growth and prosperity of the past two decades for millions of Chinese living in the coastal cities was based on two pillars: a rapid expansion of exports and expanding infrastructure of monumental dimensions.
Both of these phenomena are in trouble. Despite huge subsidies including a manipulated currency, the long-term outlook for exports is poor what with the continued crisis in the European Community and a slow American recovery. Furthermore, rising wages and other problems – there have been strikes – are threatening the low wage end of the Chinese exports which are moving off to Southeast Asia and other cheap labor countries. In some instances, with the digital revolution creating new economies, some manufacturing is moving back to Japan and the U.S. [In the American case, of course, the shale gas revolution which has chopped energy costs in the U.S. is encouraging such movement.] China is, of course, trying to move up the manufacturing chain to less labor intent products but the dependence on foreign technology [including the stealth of intellectual property] has probably crippled it own research and development. The government, despite announcement of new stimulus for the economy, has begun collecting currency in circulation because of the threat of inflation. Most local governments are in deep debt, unable to borrow even from government banks usually amenable to Party influence.
All this may just wipe that smile off Xi's face, charisma or no charisma.
Outgoing Joint Chiefs Chairman Admiral Mike Mullen's bumbling replies to questions by "automated" university students during a mid-July Beijing visit were symptomatic of total disarray in U.S. China policy. Instead of clear-cut defense of no military takeover of Taiwan, with its 25 million the only free society in Chinese history, the Admiral backed into a defense of U.S. policy as if the Taiwan Relations Act were an impediment Washington leadership had difficulty overcoming.
He did not forthrightly defend traditional American support for freedom of the seas in the face of Beijing's outrageous claims on Southeast Asia waters with their gas and oil prospects through which much of world commerce – including China's vast exports – flows freely courtesy of the U.S. Navy. Nor did he condemn Beijing's support for the world's most hideous tyranny in North Korea. For Pyongyang is not only a threat to regional peace with its buildup of weapons of mass destruction but worldwide through its nefarious exports – in league with the Chinese — to pariah states.
Supplicants for months, Washington's aim with the Mullen visit was facilitating liaison between U.S. and Chinese military to reduce possibilities of accidental clashes and ventilate Beijing's rapidly escalating but ultra secret military buildup. But Beijing's generally boorish response – except for a promise of a Mideast anti-piracy exercise where China has been odd-man out in coordinating multinational operations – inevitably promises more misunderstanding.
That was despite Adm. Mullen carrying a major concession in Washington's continued refusal to meet Taipei's request to purchase additional fighter aircraft and submarines. U.S. arms for Taiwan's defense has become the pretext for Beijing's rejecting military courtesies, while it pursues a double-edge strategy of economic integration with the Island while positioning one of the world's largest missile arrays opposite it just across the Strait.
Adm. Mullen's performance again demonstrates Washington's lack of a strategic framework given China's centrality in a rapidly changing world coupled with Beijing's growing arrogance. Minor but indicative: on the eve of his journey, Adm. Mullen publicly accused the Pakistan government of murdering a journalist. Even had he proof, going public in the Obama Administration's ill-conceived current media campaign against the Pakistanis only further aggravated relations with Islamabad. Essential as Pakistan is for Washington's pursuit of the Afghanistan War and worldwide counterterrorism campaign, he played into Beijing's efforts to exploit U.S.-Pakistan frictions in pursuit of its own alliance with Islamabad against India.
Adm. Mullen's confusion epitomizes not only the lack of a coherent official U.S. policy toward "a rising China" but parallels increasing difficulties by American entrepreneurs in hot pursuit of the Chinese shirttail. ["If we could only persuade every person in China to lengthen his shirttail by a foot, we could keep the mills of Lancashire working round the clock", an 1840s British commentator wrote.] Foreign businessmen increasingly must choose between the mythical unquenchable market for investment and trade or eschew exposure to an economy without the rule of law.
As Beijing's domestic political crackdown intensifies, spurred by fear of contagion from rising popular revolt in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, and the insecurity of next year's Communist Party leadership generational succession, commercial relations with foreigners are deteriorating. The media focuses on the larger economic issues: China's perilous growing dollar hoard through its manipulated currency, protected markets and subsidized exports. But increasingly foreign companies are threatened with death by a thousand cuts.
For example, Beijing backed off price blackmail with its rare earths monopoly when faced with sanctions in the World Trade Organization where Washington's aggressive sponsorship facilitated Chinese entry on unfulfilled promises of compliance. But after announcing exports at last year's level of its highly contaminating metals production essential for information technology hardware worldwide, Beijing's arbitrary customs voided contracts.
Even more threatening, suddenly the whole vast, abysmally corrupt, network of foreign investors' ownership in Chinese companies through local middlemen held corporately in overseas tax havens has come under "scrutiny". The Chinese had winked at such arrangements for decades as a device to entice but manipulate direct foreign investment. Now these arrangements are being used to freeze out foreign participation in company expansion with transferred technology. Coupled with expanding theft of intellectual property – the latest, French, German and Japanese high-speed rail know-how – Beijing looks to feel there are no holds barred in their seduction of foreign businessmen faced with a worldwide markets slowdown.
That's come about because I heard the good doctor recently laying out a strategy for "accommodation" with China. One could excuse the cacophony of bromides — many fallacious — Dr. Kissinger trotted out in this wide-ranging NPR interview. http://onpoint.wbur.org/2011/05/12/kissinger-on-china Time was short, the interlocutor unskilled, and the subject matter vast.
· As a result of a humiliating defeat by the British in the First Opium War [1839-42], Taiping, a heterogeneous Christian sect, led two decades of bloody revolt. Before it was subdued [by China's "alien" imperial rulers, the Manchu, with the help of foreign military] state levies shifted from land to trade and military power from central armies to regional warlords. Slavery, polygamy and foot-binding were banned if not eliminated. Most importantly, the Taping reaction to foreign intervention ended China's isolation.
Dr. Kissinger's formulation is no blooper.
It underpins his proposed strategy for dealing with Beijing's growing power. It equates to his 1970s call for "détente" in The Cold War. That was to be an acceptance of Soviet power for a hoped for extended period of relaxed tension. That strategy proved precarious until Moscow imploded in 1990 — in no small part as a result of confrontation tactics by Pres. Ronald Reagan.
Historical analogies are misleading and often dangerous but marginally useful. China today does constitute a somewhat similar problem. While no sane person in the West and Japan advocates military engagement, not to recognize American interests are jeopardized by an increasingly powerful hostile China is to ignore reality.
· The U.S. has made great efforts to bring China into the highest world councils with Beijing responding by courting pariah regimes threatening peace and stability.
· Washington has pursued free trade and investment with China while Beijing responds with unfair trade practices, protection for state corporations and markets, and financial manipulation.
· Washington has sought open exchange of military information and lent security for an expanding China trade, but Beijing rejects transparency and secretly pursues a rapid military buildup against an unidentified enemy.
· These American policies have strengthened the power and influence of a highly vulnerable Chinese regime, one facing great economic ambiguities and unpredictable political challenges.
Washington is now reexamining how to restrain what could well be a new aggressive formidable power. It must not repeat the long prelude to World War II when East Asia storm signals were largely ignored – incidentally, then too involving a burgeoning commercial relationship [with Japan].
Dr. Kissinger contributes little to this gargantuan undertaking.
When scientists get further along with epigenetics, they may discover the Chinese have two unique DNA: a gambling gene, and another for hospitality. The first, of course, explains why Macau is odds-on favorite for replacing Vegas as No. 1 world gambling champion. The second suggests why few escape the lure of a Chinese campaign to win visitors' hearts and minds.
Looking at a new determined shift in Beijing's economic strategy, one has to chalk it up to that gambling gene. Intoxicated with turning into "the world's factory", Beijing plans to sail right past their successful collaborative development with foreign multinationals. Its new strategy literally amends Maximal Leader Deng Hsiao-ping's dying instructions two decades ago to hide their capacities until they had achieved his four modernizations.
One can only chalk up Western businessmen naiveté to that second suspected Chinese gene, the ability to vamp any visitor. Of course, Frederick Engels, Karl Marx's more literary companion, explained it all more than a century ago. He foresaw that on the way to the gallows, the capitalists' greed would drive them to compete with one another to sell the rope to their executioners.
1] To provide new opportunities for stealing foreign technology. Now, before any technology can be introduced into China, it must be intensely "studied" — in fact, stolen even before it enters the market. Another is increased allocation of "patents" to Chinese firms with virtually no verification, making it virtually impossible to pursue legal indemnification for losses.
3] To continue to ensnare foreign companies, Beijing will suggest in return for continued tech transfers, they will get a share of the growing Chinese markets. They will also be offered participation in new technologies in China using government funds. But increasingly "import substitution", that protectionist policy which crippled much of the third world before "globalization" became fashionable, is government policy.
Beijing's new turn is loaded with risk. The history of Chinese innovation during the current boom is miserable. Eighty percent of China's major firms do not have R&D at all. One reason may be it has been so easy to rent or steal needed foreign technologies. But there may be even more important – if difficult to evaluate – cultural factors.
Although China was historically leader in basic scientific development, simply said, the Europeans picked up on those breakthroughs to initiate the industrial revolution leaving China behind. Why? The answer to this question is perennial among scholars. One answer lies in China's intense bureaucratization, in part arising from the need for huge collective enterprises – largely for water control. Another, of course, is Chinese learning has always put the emphasis on rote memorization and an inordinate, even religious, respect and adherence to what has gone before. It may be no accident, as the Communists used to say, now bereft of its Marxist-Leninist-Maoist dogma Beijing is turning back to Confucianism. [A statue of Confucius was recently installed in Tien An Mien square alongside a huge portrait of his greatest adversary, Mao Tse-tung.] With its emphasis on ritual, Confucianism represents the antithesis to the restless European [Greek] mind. An even greater threat to the new effort to produce originality may be the all pervasive corruption permeating Chinese life today which means vast sums promised R&D will go astray.
China is also taking other risks. Despite an intense campaign, Beijing has not been able to lure home more than a few prominent scholars among more than 62,000 Chinese in the U.S., many in technological research. With ties in both cultures, they have been critical to transferring technology. The new Beijing strategy may jeopardize that relationship as American business, reluctantly, and the U.S. government becomes increasingly cautious about China deals.
True, economic development in East Asia was always full of warfare over intellectual property. Japan, Taiwan and South Korea have been major culprits. But the Chinese pour salt in the wound by offering products overseas based on stolen technology. Thus California's former Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger was talking to the Chinese about proposed federally subsidized high-speed rail based on their theft from three foreign companies that had cooperated in creating them in China. At the moment, Washington is grappling with the proposed purchase by Huawei, a Chinese entity with military connections, of an American IT company with the Pentagon as a client.
Beijing's gamble if successful would insure continued giant leaps forward but like Mao's infamous economic plays, this one could prove catastrophic.
When Prime Minister Wen Jiabao trotted out his litany of promised reforms to the annual rubber-stamp parliament in early March, they reconfirmed growing suspicions of the Chinese economy's fragility. Now more veteran observers are joining that little band [including this writer] who has predicted an implosion of the jerry-built system. Granted that some of us have been saying it for several years. But like most human and economic events, not only when but what would trip such a crash is rarely predictable [as was the case for the U.S. credit markets implosion].
Wen characteristically predicted the gross national product would grow by 8%. That is the magic number Chinese leadership – shorn of any other raison d'etre for the regime except rapid growth – has pulled out of the hat. Chinese and foreigners conventionally accept it as the minimum necessary to provide additional employment to ward off social instability. But like all GNP figures – but especially in China where "creative accounting" is a highly developed art form – it has limited validity.
I remember accompanying Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru many years ago to the old undivided Bihar, among India's poorest states. Nehru, surrounded by thousands partaking of his darshan ["spiritual enrichment"], often oblivious to his stream-of-consciousness monologue, made a startling admission. He could not understand, he said, why he saw such poverty in Bihar while the per capita GDP statistics showed it one of India's richest states. Common sense gave you the answer: Bihar by then already had India's giant new steel mills. [Nehru called them "our modern temples".] Not only was their product exaggerating the local per capita income count but its workers were recruited elsewhere nullifying benefit for local subsistence farmers and tribal hunter-gatherers.
Today China's huge growing inequalities which Wen as always promised to eliminate are a function of what remains a still largely government-owned and mismanaged economy. Experts may argue over the extent China is an export-led economy. But three-quarters of those exports are from multinational companies assembling imported Taiwanese, Japanese, South Korean and other high value components. While producing jobs, they contribute minimally to the livelihood of most Chinese. For despite the vast migration into the cities – which regime policy rationalizes as strategy since it has no solution to a rural, agricultural sector it has shortchanged for more than two decades – no respite is in sight for growing regional and class disparities. And the highly publicized "Gucchi culture" of the coastal cities – increasingly the world's largest market for luxury goods — represents only a small proportion of 1.3 billion Chinese.
Fewer world mainstream media maven are still pushing the idea Chinese growth would save the rest of the world from the continuing ravages of a universal recession. Since last fall when Beijing announced a somewhat bogus huge half trillion stimulus package [almost half was already committed funds to infrastructure projects decades out like the South-North Canal], there had been that hope. But the highly celebrated increase in intra-Asian trade depends on ultimate markets in the U.S. and the EU – both now deflated with stagnating if not increasing unemployment. China does rally the world commodities markets with energy and ore purchases albeit only as its steel inventories grow. [Beijing's inexperience in negotiating with oligopolies is part of that mix.] Its vast foreign exchange holdings appear an unparallel asset – until it's recalled they represent, largely, U.S. debt as counterpart for Chinese currency circulating in a rigidly protected and therefore limited consumer market.
After almost six months with foot on both gas and brake, Beijing has decided to slam the brakes, unable to "sterilize" stimulus funding even with the help of Chinese housewives' phenomenal high household savings.
Not only are there signs of inflation, but the four major commercial banks – under political pressure from the semi-bankrupt State Owned Enterprises – were again tossing out vast loans likely never to be repaid. Instead of producing higher consumption over a broader market, estimates had 20% of the additional liquidity going into stocks despite unjustified dividend ratios. Real estate – including one infamous whole city in Inner Mongolia – for various reasons goes unsold and unoccupied. Like glorious Beijing Olympics white elephants, new skyscrapers were added to already untenanted silent towers a decade old in Shanghai's Pudong "financial" district. Millions of motorcars have been sold with large government subsidies – but the cost of their operation including increasing imported energy is a calculation Beijing's planners will soon have to face.
For all the talk of "capitalism with Chinese characteristics", the economy remains run top-down in ghost-like Soviet fashion. True, the small private sector, even with its limited access to capital, produces most new jobs. But they are dependent largely on foreign markets which have not yet, and may not for the foreseeable future, return to their former glory.
Hang on for the Chinese to be mugged by reality. And the impact will hit its Asian trading partners hard too with unanticipated consequences for the West.
Not only does traditional Chinese culture value certain numbers as auspicious and others as inauspicious largely based on a hononyms – e.g., four is similar to the word for death – but the supposedly revolutionary Communists have fallen into similar beliefs. The Soviet Union's Dictator Nikita Kruschev used to fly into a frenzy when his Chinese Communist comrades insisted on gathering Party dictum in collections of numbered lucky "dos" or forbidden "don'ts".
One has to believe that the present Magic 8, the rate of mknimum desired growth for the gross national product [GDP], has fallen into that cagegory.
An 8 percent annual growth rate is the arbitrary figure that Chinesehave chosen [and some foreign economists have accepted] to indicate as the minimum required to keep the economy growing at a level to absorb China's huge perennial unemployment and underemployment.
Of course, with growing – if censored — outbreaks of "events, demonstrations and rioting, among increasingly hard pressed workers and rural inhabitants, the figure has taken on new urgency. The recent race riot in Urumchi, the capital of the farwestern province of Singkiang, is attributable, in part, to a new in-migration of Han Chinese trying to escape the worsening economic conditions in the once booming Coastal cities.
Beijing official staitisticians are prattling now about how the GDP has recovered from a collapse in the last quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009. The official 6.1 percent growth rate in the first quarter of this year has been questioned by some oldtime observers, who believe China might actually have gone into negative growth. But the half trillion dollar stimulus package announced last fall has done the trick, the official line runs, and China is emerging from the sharp drop in activity brought on by the worldwide credit crunch and recession and the resulting fall in Chinese exports.
Of course, this requires announcing that the economy in the second quarter again gained 7.9 percent growth rate – a 15 percent plus leap over the official first quarter. And that would mean, with even more rapid leapfrogging ahead, that the year could end with a little over the Magic 8, the official spokesmen are saying.
What is curious about all this is the alacrity with which the Western mainstream medium's correspondents in Beijing and Shanghai are following the leadership's cue. You would have thought that the faster-than-expected delivery of quarterly data would have made all and sundry just a little suspicious.
But the world media, and the foreign businessmen whose rice bowl is threatened, are all promoting the official figures – even if there is some muted skepticism expressed about where and how the stimulus money is being fed into the economy. Some have even volunteered the caution that such spending as occurred in the first quarter – more than lending by the government banks than during the whole year of 2007 – cannot be maintained.
Even cheerleader Morgan Stanley admits that much of the stiumulus is going straight into stock market speculation, perhaps 20 percent of the funds disbursed this year according to some estimates. Ten of 13 sectors in the MSCI China Index are above their long-term price-to-earnings averages, the favorite bank for Beijing's managers points out. Chinese companies are investing excess cash into stock and real-estate markets as they did in 2007. And, in fact, some of recent land auction winners have been cash-rich companies with no previous real-estate business now buying up what everyone admits is inflated real estate.
The mother of all bubbles may be being blown in China.
There is also the question of the possibility of non-performing loans – that is, bad lending – in which China's four government banks have always excelled.
According to official figures, again, bank lending and fiscal spending has driven fixed-asset investment, the prime engine of growth, up 33.5 percent in the first half of the year compared with the same period in 2008. Car sales rose by an alleged 48 percent – fed by a hefty subsidy — and purchases of homes by more than 80 percent. In June new banklending was said to have been more than four times larger than a year earlier.
The Obama stimulusaters can only be green with envy.
Despite some openly expressed criticism as to the possibility of inflation, Prime Minister Wen Jiabao appears to be continuing to encourage monetary policy be kept fairly loose. But exports which had fueled the boom for two decades remains weak.
The government obviously fears premature tightening could derail the recovery. And with an eye on politics, there is also the important 60th anniversary of Communist Party rule coming up in October.
How do you say "too good to be true" in Mandarin?


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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using System;

namespace LiteDB
{
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Authors are invited to submit abstracts for papers and posters for presentation at U.S. Hydro 2019. The deadline to submit your abstract is October 31, 2018.
Abstracts should not promote a commercial product, process, or service.
Call for papers deadline to submit abstracts is October 31, 2018.
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text:
Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs
Allison C. Crawley, Barbara King, Thomas Berg, Peter J. Meikle, John J. Hopwood
Childhood Dementia Research Group
Hopwood Centre For Neurobiology
α-Mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of lysosomal α-mannosidase and is characterised by massive accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides in affected individuals. Patients develop behaviour and learning difficulties, skeletal abnormalities, immune deficiency and hearing impairment. Disease in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs resembles the clinical, histopathological, biochemical and molecular features of the human disease. We have used the guinea-pig model to investigate efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy as a treatment for α-mannosidosis. Intravenous recombinant human lysosomal α-mannosidase, administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, was cleared from circulation with a half-life of 53 h, with significant enzyme activity (1.4× normal levels) detected in circulation one week post-injection. α-Mannosidase administered to α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs at 1 mg/kg (onset at birth or ∼30 days) and 10 mg/kg (at birth) was distributed widely amongst tissues, including to capillary depleted brain. By monitoring with tandem mass spectrometry, enzyme replacement therapy was found to be effective in reducing stored substrates in peripheral tissues at both dose rates, and in brain by up to 39% at the 10 mg/kg dose, compared with untreated α-mannosidosis controls. Reductions of up to 60% of urinary mannose containing oligosaccharides were also observed. No histological improvements were seen in the brain at either dose, however marked decreases in lysosomal vacuolation in liver, kidney, spleen and endocrine pancreas, as well as a significant reduction in trigeminal ganglion neurons were observed. Multiple injections of 1 mg/kg recombinant enzyme in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs induced a very rapid humoral immune response precluding long-term intravenous treatment.
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
Enzyme replacement
Guinea-pig
α-Mannosidase
10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
Crawley, A. C., King, B., Berg, T., Meikle, P. J., & Hopwood, J. J. (2006). Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 89(1-2), 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
Crawley, Allison C. ; King, Barbara ; Berg, Thomas ; Meikle, Peter J. ; Hopwood, John J. / Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs. In: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 2006 ; Vol. 89, No. 1-2. pp. 48-57.
@article{1b522119d21b47f2a805e36ffba8b7bd,
title = "Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs",
abstract = "α-Mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of lysosomal α-mannosidase and is characterised by massive accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides in affected individuals. Patients develop behaviour and learning difficulties, skeletal abnormalities, immune deficiency and hearing impairment. Disease in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs resembles the clinical, histopathological, biochemical and molecular features of the human disease. We have used the guinea-pig model to investigate efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy as a treatment for α-mannosidosis. Intravenous recombinant human lysosomal α-mannosidase, administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, was cleared from circulation with a half-life of 53 h, with significant enzyme activity (1.4× normal levels) detected in circulation one week post-injection. α-Mannosidase administered to α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs at 1 mg/kg (onset at birth or ∼30 days) and 10 mg/kg (at birth) was distributed widely amongst tissues, including to capillary depleted brain. By monitoring with tandem mass spectrometry, enzyme replacement therapy was found to be effective in reducing stored substrates in peripheral tissues at both dose rates, and in brain by up to 39{\%} at the 10 mg/kg dose, compared with untreated α-mannosidosis controls. Reductions of up to 60{\%} of urinary mannose containing oligosaccharides were also observed. No histological improvements were seen in the brain at either dose, however marked decreases in lysosomal vacuolation in liver, kidney, spleen and endocrine pancreas, as well as a significant reduction in trigeminal ganglion neurons were observed. Multiple injections of 1 mg/kg recombinant enzyme in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs induced a very rapid humoral immune response precluding long-term intravenous treatment.",
keywords = "Animal model, Enzyme replacement, Genetic disease, Guinea-pig, Lysosomal storage disease, Therapy, α-Mannosidase",
author = "Crawley, {Allison C.} and Barbara King and Thomas Berg and Meikle, {Peter J.} and Hopwood, {John J.}",
doi = "10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005",
journal = "Molecular Genetics and Metabolism",
Crawley, AC, King, B, Berg, T, Meikle, PJ & Hopwood, JJ 2006, 'Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs', Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, vol. 89, no. 1-2, pp. 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs. / Crawley, Allison C.; King, Barbara; Berg, Thomas; Meikle, Peter J.; Hopwood, John J.
In: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, Vol. 89, No. 1-2, 01.09.2006, p. 48-57.
T1 - Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs
AU - Crawley, Allison C.
AU - King, Barbara
AU - Berg, Thomas
AU - Meikle, Peter J.
AU - Hopwood, John J.
N2 - α-Mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of lysosomal α-mannosidase and is characterised by massive accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides in affected individuals. Patients develop behaviour and learning difficulties, skeletal abnormalities, immune deficiency and hearing impairment. Disease in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs resembles the clinical, histopathological, biochemical and molecular features of the human disease. We have used the guinea-pig model to investigate efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy as a treatment for α-mannosidosis. Intravenous recombinant human lysosomal α-mannosidase, administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, was cleared from circulation with a half-life of 53 h, with significant enzyme activity (1.4× normal levels) detected in circulation one week post-injection. α-Mannosidase administered to α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs at 1 mg/kg (onset at birth or ∼30 days) and 10 mg/kg (at birth) was distributed widely amongst tissues, including to capillary depleted brain. By monitoring with tandem mass spectrometry, enzyme replacement therapy was found to be effective in reducing stored substrates in peripheral tissues at both dose rates, and in brain by up to 39% at the 10 mg/kg dose, compared with untreated α-mannosidosis controls. Reductions of up to 60% of urinary mannose containing oligosaccharides were also observed. No histological improvements were seen in the brain at either dose, however marked decreases in lysosomal vacuolation in liver, kidney, spleen and endocrine pancreas, as well as a significant reduction in trigeminal ganglion neurons were observed. Multiple injections of 1 mg/kg recombinant enzyme in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs induced a very rapid humoral immune response precluding long-term intravenous treatment.
AB - α-Mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of lysosomal α-mannosidase and is characterised by massive accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides in affected individuals. Patients develop behaviour and learning difficulties, skeletal abnormalities, immune deficiency and hearing impairment. Disease in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs resembles the clinical, histopathological, biochemical and molecular features of the human disease. We have used the guinea-pig model to investigate efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy as a treatment for α-mannosidosis. Intravenous recombinant human lysosomal α-mannosidase, administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, was cleared from circulation with a half-life of 53 h, with significant enzyme activity (1.4× normal levels) detected in circulation one week post-injection. α-Mannosidase administered to α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs at 1 mg/kg (onset at birth or ∼30 days) and 10 mg/kg (at birth) was distributed widely amongst tissues, including to capillary depleted brain. By monitoring with tandem mass spectrometry, enzyme replacement therapy was found to be effective in reducing stored substrates in peripheral tissues at both dose rates, and in brain by up to 39% at the 10 mg/kg dose, compared with untreated α-mannosidosis controls. Reductions of up to 60% of urinary mannose containing oligosaccharides were also observed. No histological improvements were seen in the brain at either dose, however marked decreases in lysosomal vacuolation in liver, kidney, spleen and endocrine pancreas, as well as a significant reduction in trigeminal ganglion neurons were observed. Multiple injections of 1 mg/kg recombinant enzyme in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs induced a very rapid humoral immune response precluding long-term intravenous treatment.
KW - Enzyme replacement
KW - Genetic disease
KW - Guinea-pig
KW - Lysosomal storage disease
KW - Therapy
KW - α-Mannosidase
U2 - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
DO - 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005
JO - Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
JF - Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
Crawley AC, King B, Berg T, Meikle PJ, Hopwood JJ. Enzyme replacement therapy in α-mannosidosis guinea-pigs. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 2006 Sep 1;89(1-2):48-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.05.005


Founded in 1993, headquartered in Panningen The Netherlands, Logic Technology has become a leader in Europe's embedded market. The unique combination of high-quality products, support and consultancy services is most appreciated by embedded developers. It's this All-Inclusive concept that enables developers to focus on their own key tasks and provides them with a sparring partner in every phase of their project!
Driven by our belief that developers of high-tech electronics should focus on their key-tasks, we empower the optimization of your embedded product development. Supported by our technical expertise and empathy we will perform a thorough situation or problem analysis. Our focus is on consulting and supplying, efficient and top quality embedded software, development- and test -tools, accompanied by customer centric service. We are empowered through our passion for technology, unmistakably noticeable in our reliability and customer first policy.
Logic Technology is a leading and independent embedded specialist that has been supplying the innovative European high-tech industry with top quality products and services for more than 20 years.
• Through our methodologies we eliminate important risks in our client's embedded projects.
We are your partner in risk management during the entire lifecycle of your products.


This Saturday 5th November is an RRR double date!
From 3pm – 6pm at JAFA restaurant, G2-G3 Towers Ciputra you can REGISTER in person for the 2011 Song Hong Half Marathon + 10KM + 5km walk + Kids fun run. It's also the last day for advanced t-shirt orders, online or in person. We will have course details available and we can answer any questions. Please ensure you bring the right amount of cash to pay for your registration fee if you're coming down.
Our weekly Saturday run departs from JAFA at 3.55pm with 5km / 7km / 10km+ options. All welcome for some fine autumnal running. So come down, register and run!
Wednesday Speed Training takes place again tonight (November 2nd). Meet Sune at 8.15pm by Sedona Suites entrance on To Ngoc Van street. See you there!


text:
Koo-koo-koo-choo…The Big K Headlines at BurnerCon
The most recent Black Rock City Census has revealed that today's Burners lean pretty heavily to the left. 43 % of Burners are card-carrying members of the Democrats (versus 6% Republican and 3.5% Libertarian), and for Burners that aren't particularly tied to a party, 76% voted Democrat at the last election (versus 7.4% Republican and 5.6% Libertarian). A hefty 92% of Burners came in somewhere between "left" and "center", while only about 0.1% consider ourselves Right Wing.
So it should come as no surprise that BMOrg have gushingly announced the headline act for their annual BurnerCon Global Leadership Conference: two-time former Democratic Presidential Candidate and Fox News Political Analyst Dennis Kucinich.
Kucinich went to Burning Man for the first time last year, giving a speech at IDEATE and an on-Playa in depth interview with Luke Rudkowski from We Are Change.
Now he has learned enough to tell the rest of us how important Burning Man is to changing the world.
We are excited to welcome a special guest keynote speaker to this year's GLC! Former U.S. Representative Dennis Kucinich will join us in person on Saturday, April 11 to address why Burning Man culture matters to humanity at this time of great global change.
Dennis is a statesman and philosopher who believes the fundamental truth of our existence is human unity — that we are all one, and that we are interconnected and interdependent. This belief has guided him through public life and he shares it with audiences everywhere. An internationally known environmentalist, Dennis is passionate about the great evolutionary potential which comes from repairing our relationship to the natural world and to each other.
He has had a long and distinguished career in public service, including serving as a Cleveland City Councilman, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio State Senator, and U.S. Congressman. He was a two-time Presidential candidate.
Dennis participated in Black Rock City for the first time in 2014. Through the creativity and human connection of Black Rock City and the Burning Man Regional Network, he sees that "Burning Man represents an incandescent vision of a world within our grasp." [Source]
Within whose grasp? Burners live in this world. Does he mean politicians? The Man? Let's hope he can show us concrete examples of how he has learned from our culture and is now changing the world with it, and spreading it to others.
I have to disclose that last week I became a huge fan of Mr K, when I learned that he recommended this book to a friend at Burning Man:
Like the Bilderberg Group and Bohemian Grove, the Global Leadership Conference is just for the elites of our culture. It's not open to "rank-and-file" Burners, only specially selected members of the Regionals Network, and other insiders. BMOrg will be streaming their main sessions live on the Interwebz, for those of us who want to provide global leadership by watching passively from our armchairs. They assure us that the videos will also be available afterwards, if you don't manage to catch the panel discussions live.
Burning Man's Social Alchemist Bear Kittay, L; Burner Dennis Kucinich, R
9:00-10:30am PDT
Plenary Session 1: The Next Creative Renaissance, Busting it Out, Building it Up, Bringing it Home!
10:30am-12:00pm PDT
Plenary Session 2: Updates — From the Desert to the World
Plenary Session: Keynote Talks with Marian Goodell and Dennis Kucinich
Watch the stream here. We will be live commenting it on our Twitter @burnersdotme …if I get out of bed early enough.
Starbucks, Indiana, and the Ten Principles http://t.co/2UlLJcWkiV
— Burners.Me (@burnersdotme) April 1, 2015
We'll let Burning Legend Jim Carrey take us out…
By burnersxxx • Posted in News	• Tagged 2015, bmorg, conference, democrats, future, glc, kucinich, leadership, politics, poltician, president
New #CassetteBoy youtu.be/j-JC1MyBGJY 1 hour ago


An exploratory project for the Dutch weekly de Groene Amsterdammer (yes: the Green Amsterdamer) concerning a survey posed to a large number of social scientists asking their assessment of the most important problems troubling the Netherlands currently.
As an end result 75 submissions were returned with answers in essay form detailing the biggest problem of the Netherlands, the most overblown issues and the most unnoticed issues according to the scientists. This made for a very large amount of textual content which would have been difficult to quickly get into.
The quick visual summary and the filters help drill down to a specific issue in a specific problem category quickly. Clicking a bubble displays links to the full text contribution of the relevant scientists.
This was mostly a process exploration to see how a default library such as Protovis could be employed in a journalistic context and to see where the bottlenecks fall. We found that Protovis's explanatory power really shines if you have a good dataset. However it took some time to get the data machine-ready. The result was produced efficiently and adds a much needed visual summary to the slew of textual content. Most time was spent on wrangling the dataset and finalizing the interaction details of the chart.


4 ACES Williams (USA) In storage, waiting for restoration Maybe Widebody EM.
809 MULTIPLIER Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never Not a pinball. 1966 Slot Machine.
AQUACADE United (USA) Set up, plays! Never 70 years old and playing great! See video on youtube.
EVEL KNIEVEL Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never EM version. Rare EM game. Only 155 units produced. See video on youtube.
EVEL KNIEVEL Bally (USA) In storage, waiting for restoration Would trade EM Version.Rare EM game. Only 155 units produced. May trade VS Mata Hari EM.
FIREBALL Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never EM version. Multiball (2 or 3).
FOUR MILLION B.C. Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never Multiball (2 or 3).
ROUND UP Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never Rare EM game. Only 70 units produced.
TIME TUNNEL Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never Rare EM game. Only 70 units produced. See video on youtube.
WIGGLER Bally (USA) Set up, plays! Never Multiball (2 or 3).
DISCLAIMER: This page shows the pinball machine Collection of PinballOwners member ballycrazy from Nantes, France. The coin operated pinball machines listed above, including their images, were uploaded into our database by ballycrazy himself; ballycrazy is the sole responsible for the information contained in this page. The pinball machines shown above are not necessarily for sale! Please refer to the 4th column in the list to know whether a certain pinball is for sale or not. Most likely ballycrazy's pinball machines are second-hand (used) pinballs that were once installed in bars and other public places; their value as a collectible largely depends on appearance and functionality of every single machine.
Une pointure en d�pannage de m�ca, toujours pr�t � rendre service et � participer aux �v�nements flipp�ristiques, un mec en or en v�rit�, merci � toi et � bient�t !
Belle collection avec de belles raret�s chez Bally!!
Sacr�e collection de Bally, �a fait envie, Bravo !


Record of Dragon Blood effects, starting at Drinking the 29th.
jmb 19:58, 1 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stimulated.
jmb 15:43, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel really demotivated.
jmb 15:43, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stronger.
jmb 15:57, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel demotivated.
jmb 15:58, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stronger.
jmb 17:12, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel so very weak.
jmb 17:12, 3 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stronger.
jmb 20:19, 4 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel really demotivated.
jmb 20:27, 4 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel really demotivated.
jmb 20:33, 4 Jan 2006 (GMT) Searing pain rips through your body.
jmb 21:06, 6 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stronger.
jmb 21:09, 6 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel demotivated.
jmb 21:27, 23 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel demotivated.
jmb 21:27, 23 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel stronger.
jmb 15:57, 24 Jan 2006 (GMT) You feel so very weak.
jmb 21:50, 13 February 2006 (GMT) You feel stimulated.
jmb 18:26, 4 April 2006 (BST) Searing pain rips through your body.
This page was last modified 09:32, 1 October 2006.


I hate to break it to you, but beer is not a recovery food.
Not even the 95-calorie, fit-people-grace-the-advertisement-for-it, low-carb, one-step-better-than-water beer.
I know… that makes me sad, too.
But as we work our way into the cycling season and we shed some of our winter habits, we need to begin to consider how we fuel the machine before, during, and after our rides. And today, I'd like to remind everyone that the after part of the equation is one that is just as important as the two that precede it.
In today's world of modern science and minute-to-minute changes in nutritional research and recommendations, there is a general consensus that most athletes should recover and refuel with protein within 30 to 60 minutes of finishing a workout to aid in the repair of muscle. Carbohydrates are also required to replenish glycogen stores that are depleted during a strenuous or long ride.
There is a myriad of choices out there and finding what works for you may take a bit of experimentation, but as we move into the summer months and the days and rides both get longer, it's worth remembering that "recovery" is not a four-letter word. When done properly, it can make your rides that much more beneficial and enjoyable.
And, yes, you can have your beer, too.
Note: The author is not a licensed nutritionist. She's not even an unlicensed nutritionist. Please consult a nutritionist or your physician for advice tailored for your situation.
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