text:
BRENT LEGLEITER,
Appellant,
KENNETH GOTTSCHALK d/b/a
BRASS RAIL TAVERN,
Appellee.
As a general rule, business owners are not responsible to protect their customers from the acts of third parties outside the premises of the business.
Appeal from Ellis District Court; EDWARD BOUKER, judge. Opinion filed June 25, 2004. Affirmed.
Thomas C. Boone, of Law Office of Thomas C. Boone, for the appellant.
Mickey W. Mosier and Nichole Mohning Roths, of Clark, Mize & Linville, Chartered, of Salina, for the appellee.
Before RULON, C.J., PIERRON and HILL, JJ.
PIERRON, J.: Brent Legleiter appeals the district court's granting of summary judgment to Kenneth Gottschalk d/b/a Brass Rail Tavern (tavern), after he was injured in a fight with a third party outside of the tavern. The district court found Legleiter was injured on public property, not possessed or controlled by Gottschalk or his employees, and therefore, as a matter of law, no liability existed on Gottschalk's part to control the actions of third parties. We affirm.
On the evening of October 2, 200l, Brian Gribben was the manager and bartender of the tavern and was the only employee working on a slow Monday night. No problems had occurred that evening until Gribben made the last call a little before 2 a.m. Larry Hamby was playing pool, and he attempted to start another game after Gribben made the last call. Gribben approached Hamby and told him the tavern was closing and he could not play another game. As Gribben walked away, Hamby started a new game. Gribben ended Hamby's game, and an argument ensued. Gribben refunded Hamby's quarter and told him to leave the tavern. After the two exchanged more words, Gribben physically removed Hamby from the tavern.
As Gribben took Hamby outside, the tavern emptied to watch the events. Hamby was at the bar with his friends, Legleiter, Darcy Good, Kevin Weaver, and his brother, Randy Lynn. Dustin Karst was at the bar with Shanun and Brandon Niehoff. There were approximately 15 people in the bar at closing time. Outside the tavern, Hamby continued to fight and struggle with Gribben until Gribben took him to the ground and held him there. Gribben told Hamby he would let him go if he calmed down.
As Gribben and Hamby struggled, Lynn retrieved a baseball bat from his car parked across the street from the tavern. Shanun Niehoff stated that he was helping Gribben with a customer who refused to leave the establishment. Lynn ran back toward the fracas and struck Shanun in the leg from behind. Brandon and at least one other person pinned Lynn down on the ground and wrestled the bat away from him. Lynn then ran down the street chased by several men. Karst claimed he helped Neihoff pin Lynn down and that during the incident Legleiter punched him on the top of the head.
Karst approached Legleiter and struck him at least two times. Legleiter was knocked out and became unresponsive. Karst's attack on Legleiter took place entirely upon public property consisting of the sidewalk and street in front of the tavern. The altercation between Karst and Legleiter lasted between 2 and 5 minutes. Karst was pulled off Legleiter by Good and Mark Schoenberger. Schoenberger said Karst punched Legleiter at least 10 times before Legleiter went down and then punched and kicked him until he was unresponsive.
Gribben stated that he did not call for help from anyone else in ejecting Hamby from the tavern. He did not direct anyone to fight with Lynn or Legleiter. Gribben stated that he did not see Karst hit Legleiter because he had already gone back inside the bar. When Gribben talked with Gottschalk the next day about the incident, Gribben said that he never saw Karst fighting with Legleiter. However, Good testified that Gribben was standing 4 or 5 feet from the fight between Karst and Legleiter and that Gribben did not do anything about it. Good said Gribben never called Karst off of Legleiter and that Gribben went back into the bar after the fight was over.
A couple of minutes after Gribben went back into the bar, Good went inside and asked for some towels because Legleiter was bleeding. Gribben gave her some towels. Good asked if there was a phone she could use, and Gribben told her the bar phone did not dial out but there was a pay phone. Gribben did not call the police or call for an ambulance. Good said she called 911 using the pay phone.
Legleiter was severely injured as a result of this event and was hospitalized for an extended period of time. Karst was apparently prosecuted for his actions. Legleiter sued Gottschalk for personal injuries and substantial damages under a theory of respondeat superior and the duty of the owner or his employees to use reasonable and ordinary care regarding patrons of the tavern. The district court found Legleiter was injured on public property, not possessed or controlled by Gottschalk or Gribben, and therefore, as a matter of law, no liability existed on Gottschalk's part to control the actions of third parties, namely Karst.
Legleiter argues Gottschalk owed him a duty to protect him from the criminal acts of a third party and the district court erred in granting summary judgment to Gottschalk. Legleiter contends the district court erred in focusing solely on the public situs of where his injuries occurred when determining the lack of a duty. Legleiter also argues that whether the attack was foreseeable is a question of fact for the jury and that genuine issues of material fact existed as to whether Gribben's actions caused or contributed to the fight that caused his injuries.
The standard of review is familiar. Summary judgment may be granted
"when the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. The trial court is required to resolve all facts and inferences which may reasonably be drawn from the evidence in favor of the party against whom the ruling is sought. When opposing a motion for summary judgment, an adverse party must come forward with evidence to establish a dispute as to a material fact. In order to preclude summary judgment, the facts subject to the dispute must be material to the conclusive issues in the case. On appeal, we apply the same rule and where we find reasonable minds could differ as to the conclusions drawn from the evidence, summary judgment must be denied. [Citation omitted.]" Bracken v. Dixon Industries, Inc., 272 Kan. 1272, 1274-75, 38 P.3d 679 (2002).
Summary judgment should be granted with caution in negligence actions. Fettke v. City of Wichita, 264 Kan. 629, 632, 957 P.2d 409 (1998). Nevertheless, a defendant is entitled to summary judgment in a negligence case if the defendant shows the claim is supported by no evidence indicating negligence. Crooks v. Greene, 12 Kan. App. 2d 62, 64-65, 736 P.2d 78 (1987). For an action of recoverable negligence, the plaintiff must prove the existence of a duty, breach of that duty, injury, and a causal connection between the duty breached and the injury suffered. Whether a duty exists is a question of law. Whether the duty has been breached is a question of fact. See Reynolds v. Kansas Dept. of Transportation, 273 Kan. 261, Syl. ¶ 1, 43 P.3d 799 (2002).
The general common-law theory of premises liability for commercial enterprises is expressed in the Restatement (Second) of Torts § 344 (1963). Kansas adopted §344 in Gould v. Taco Bell, 239 Kan. 564, 568, 722 P.2d 511 (1986):
"'A possessor of land who holds it open to the public for entry for his business purposes is subject to liability to members of the public while they are upon the land for such a purpose, for physical harm caused by the accidental, negligent, or intentionally harmful acts of third persons or animals, and by the failure of the possessor to exercise reasonable care to
"'(a) discover that such acts are being done or are likely to be done, or
"'(b) give a warning adequate to enable the visitors to avoid the harm, or otherwise protect them against it.'"
However, a business' duty does not extend to every person who enters the property of the business. "The duty of care owed by a premises owner to an entrant upon the land is dependent upon the status of the person entering the premises." Gould, 239 Kan. at 567.
As observed in Restatement (Second) of Torts § 344 comment a, the duty to protect others from the harmful acts of third persons is only owed to "business visitors," commonly known as invitees. " 'An invitee is one who enters or remains on the premises of another at the express or implied invitation of the possessor of the premises for the benefit of the inviter, or for the mutual benefit and advantage of both the inviter and invitee.' " Mozier v. Parsons, 256 Kan. 769, 771, 887 P.2d 692 (1995) (quoting Gerchberg v. Loney, 223 Kan. 446, 448-49, 576 P.2d 593 [1978]).
As a general rule, an owner of a business does not insure the safety of his patrons or customers. This means the owner of a business ordinarily does not have a duty to provide security to protect against the criminal acts of third parties in a parking lot. However, an exception exists when circumstances indicate that a business owner's customers have a risk of peril beyond the ordinary. Seibert v. Vic Regnier Builders, Inc., 253 Kan. 540, 548, 856 P.2d 1332 (1993).
We note in the instant case the incident took place on a public sidewalk and not in the business' parking lot.
In Kimple v. Foster, 205 Kan. 415, 469 P.2d 281 (1970), the plaintiff, who was a guest at the defendant's bar, was attacked by a group of other patrons. The court found that the defendant had reason to know that his guests were in danger because the group had been unruly for several hours before the attack. Having been put on notice of the possible danger to other patrons, the defendant had an affirmative duty to protect them. 205 Kan. at 418-19. Similarly in Gould, 239 Kan. 564, 569, the restaurant clerks knew the plaintiff's assailants had started a fight on a previous occasion at the restaurant and thus had a duty to protect the plaintiff from the attack that started in the restaurant and then continued in the parking lot.
In Seibert, the plaintiff was attacked in the parking garage, apparently owned by the defendant, by an unknown assailant. The district court granted the defendant's motion for summary judgment because there were no prior similar incidents indicating such a criminal act was foreseeable. The Kansas Supreme Court reversed, holding that the district court should determine foreseeability based on the totality of the circumstances rather than just the history of prior crimes in the area, although history was a factor. The district court was also instructed to review the level of crime in the area, the lighting in the garage, and other relevant factors. 253 Kan. at 550.
The parties agree that Kansas has not addressed the issue of liability of a business owner to a business invitee once the invitee leaves the business premises and is subjected to harmful conduct of a third party. Gottschalk argues Gragg v. Wichita State Univ., 261 Kan. 1037, 934 P.2d 121 (1997), demonstrates that a defendant must have possession or control over the situs of the injury in order to create a duty to protect patrons from activities of third parties. The Gragg court found the corporate sponsors of the fireworks show were not the owners, occupiers, or possessors of the university campus where the injuries occurred, that their contributions were monetary or in kind, and that they had no control over security on the campus.
There are cases outside of Kansas addressing the issue in this case. Gottschalk cites Mitchell v. Archibald & Kendall, Inc., 573 F.2d 429 (7th Cir. 1978). In Mitchell, the plaintiff attempted to deliver a truckload of merchandise to the defendant's receiving dock. Because another truck was at the dock, the defendant's employees instructed the plaintiff to wait with his truck on the street outside the defendant's loading area. While waiting, the plaintiff was shot and seriously wounded by an unknown assailant. The defendant's employees were aware that there had been repeated criminal acts on and about the premises, and the complaint alleged that they knew or should have known of the high risk of criminal attack upon any driver waiting in a truck parked in that area.
The Mitchell court affirmed the district court's dismissal of the complaint, on the ground that the defendant could not be liable for the criminal act of a third party that occurred off the defendant's premises and in the public street. The court stated:
"A possessor of land is subject to liability to business invitees 'while they are upon the land.' In the present case, the Mitchells were parked upon a public thoroughfare. . . .
"[T]he Illinois courts, we believe, would rule that Comment c to § 314A controls. We do not regard the defendant-appellee's concession that Lawrence Mitchell was an invitee on the date and time of his injury as an irrevocable waiver of its defense that Mitchell ceased to be an invitee at the moment when he left the receiving dock area and returned to the street. Under the direct wording of Comment c, it is clear that A & K had no duty to the Mitchells. The district court's dismissal of the complaint because of the want of any existing duty comports with that analysis." (Footnote omitted.) 573 F.2d at 437-38.
Legleiter argues there is no causal connection in Mitchell between the attacks upon the plaintiff and the owner/invitee relationship of the parties. Legleiter is incorrect. The truck driver in Mitchell was instructed by employees of the plaintiff to wait in the street, thus providing sufficient causal connection. Despite the connection and the high crime area, the Mitchell court still found no duty.
We have found persuasive cases from other jurisdictions. In Badillo v. DeVivo, 161 Ill. App. 3d 596, 515 N.E.2d 681 (1987), Badillo was verbally accosted and physically attacked by another patron in the bar. The bar owner intervened, stopped the altercation, and then ejected both individuals from the bar. Badillo then proceeded to her automobile parked one-half block away from the bar, where she again was assaulted and battered by the other patron. The trial court dismissed her negligence claims against the bar.
The Badillo court recognized a tavern operator's duty to protect its patrons from foreseeable dangers caused by third parties but distinguished those cases as involving injurious acts occurring on the business premises or its parking lot. The court stated: "While there is some authority that an owner or operator of a business has a duty to provide a reasonably safe means of ingress and egress . . . we do not find that limited authority analogous here, where, as noted above, the injury occurred one-half block away from defendant's property." 161 Ill. App. 3d at 598.
The Badillo court also addressed an argument similar to that being raised by Legleiter, namely that Gribben's actions in forcefully ejecting Hamby from the tavern were the figurative spark that ignited the fire causing his injuries. The Badillo court stated:
"But even assuming the subsequent assault was foreseeable, foreseeability is not the only element necessary to establish duty. In determining whether a duty exists, the court should also consider '[t]he likelihood of injury, the magnitude of the burden of guarding against it and the consequences of placing that burden upon the defendant.' [Citation omitted.] This court has repeatedly held that requiring a business owner to protect its patrons from injuries that occur after the patron leaves the premises places an unjustifiable burden on the operator and on the police force. [Citation omitted.] It would oblige tavernkeepers, as well as other business operators to, in essence, police the streets so as to ensure their patrons' safe passage to their cars or even their homes. Plaintiff's proposed remedy would be particularly burdensome as it would require establishment owners to determine which party was the aggressor in an altercation and to detain that potentially dangerous person on the premises until the victim could flee." 161 Ill. App. 3d at 599.
In Locklear v. Stinson, 161 Mich. App. 713, 411 N.W.2d 834 (1987), the plaintiff's decedent was involved in an altercation in and around the defendant bar. The plaintiff filed a complaint alleging that although the defendant bar ejected Stinson, the decedent's assailant, from the bar, its employees allowed Stinson to remain in the parking lot. When the decedent left the bar, the altercation continued. Ultimately, the decedent fled in his vehicle with Stinson pursuing him in his own vehicle. After a collision with a third party, the confrontation continued and the decedent stabbed Stinson. The decedent fled in his vehicle and became involved in a fatal crash. The Locklear court reversed the trial court's denial of the defendant bar's motion for summary disposition stating in part:
"[T]he decedent was injured away from the premises. Plaintiffs would have us extend defendants' duty as a business invitor by alleging that a breach of duty on the premises was the cause of the decedent's death away from the premises.
"We decline to do so; when the decedent left the premises and was no longer on the property owned or controlled by the defendants, the duty ended. [Citation omitted.]" 161 Mich. App. at 717-18.
See also Fishman v. Beach, 214 A.D.2d 920, 625 N.Y.S.2d 730 (1995) ("[T]he physical altercation which ultimately resulted in plaintiff's injuries indisputably occurred no less than 60 to 100 feet from the premises in a city street. We therefore find that [bar owner] cannot be held to a duty 'to control the conduct of patrons in consuming alcoholic beverages . . . beyond the area where supervision and control may reasonably be exercised.'").
This is not a case where prior unruliness or historic criminal activity occurred at the business. It was undisputed that the Brass Rail was not known as an establishment where fights were prone to break out. It is also undisputed that no outrageous behavior occurred at the tavern on the night in question until Hamby started problems at closing.
This is also not a situation where Gribben was creating a known, obvious, and imminently dangerous situation or was subjecting any bar patrons, except Hamby who he was forcefully ejecting from the bar, to such a situation. This is also not a situation where the fight injuring Legleiter broke out on the business premises and then moved to the public street or thoroughfare.
The district court correctly espoused Legleiter's theory of liability that
"Gribben started the chain of events which led to plaintiff's injuries when he ejected Hamby from the bar, and thus had a duty to all who had been Brass Rail patrons to control the subsequent course of events, and to control all of the persons who exited the tavern into the public sidewalk and street."
As was said by the district court:
"Plaintiff and Karst left the tavern in a voluntary fashion, thus ending their status as invitees. Once they, Gribben, Hamby and the others were no longer on Brass Rail property, any legal right of control Gribben may have had over them and subsequent events ceased. In short, defendant, acting through Gribben, had no further duty to his former patrons.
"While one could perhaps conceive of facts under which an owner or operator of a tavern would have a duty not to cause or allow a patron to leave the tavern premises and thus enter into an area or situation of know danger, that is speculation at best, and has nothing to do with the factual situation presented here."
We agree with the district court that as a general rule, business owners are not responsible to protect their customers from the acts of third parties outside the premises of the business.
Implicit in the district court's decision is the rule that an owner of a business does not insure the safety of his or her patrons or customers. We do not find any exception to this rule when the actions of the third parties occur off the business premises and when there are no circumstances to indicate to the business owner that a risk of peril to the customers is beyond the ordinary. Seibert, 253 Kan. at 548.
We hold the district court did not err in granting summary judgment to Gottschalk. The facts fail to show the breach of any duty owed by Gottschalk and Gribben to Legleiter, and summary judgment was proper.
Updated: June 25, 2004.
URL: http://www.kscourts.org/kscases/ctapp/2004/20040625/91191.htm.


text:
121 Results for:
(-) Report
Banning Covert Foreign Election Interference
The United States is one of the countries that is most susceptible to foreign election interference. To safeguard the U.S. elections in November, Robert K. Knake argues that the United States and oth…
Report by Robert K. Knake Digital and Cyberspace Policy Program
Managing Illegal Immigration to the United States
Overview The authors examine U.S. efforts to prevent illegal immigration to the United States. Although the United States has witnessed a sharp drop in illegal border crossings in the past decade …
Report by Bryan Roberts, Edward Alden, and John Whitley
Securing 5G Networks
5G networks are expected to revolutionize the digital economy. But with this opportunity comes major cybersecurity challenges. U.S. policymakers need to respond using technical and regulatory measure…
Report by Robert Williams Digital and Cyberspace Policy Program
Expanding Disclosure Policy to Drive Better Cybersecurity
Companies should disclose instances of cyber-enabled intellectual property theft. Disclosure requirements would give companies greater incentives to protect their intellectual property and allow investors to make better-informed decisions.
Fiscal Breakeven Oil Prices
Introduction An oil-exporting country's "fiscal breakeven" oil price is the minimum price per barrel that the country needs in order to meet its expected spending needs while balancing its budget …
Report by Michael Levi and Blake Clayton Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
China, Nuclear Weapons, and Arms Control
Few challenges loom as large on the U.S. foreign policy agenda as the effective management of relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC). This is a perennial challenge, given China's central…
Report by Robert A. Manning, Ronald Montaperto, and Brad Roberts
Interactive: Oil Exporters' External Breakeven Prices
The 2014 fall in global oil prices, from over $100 a barrel to around $50 a barrel, reduced the export proceeds of the world's main oil- and gas-exporting economies by about $1 trillion. After a deca…
Report by Brad W. Setser and Cole Frank Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
Using External Breakeven Prices to Track Vulnerabilities in Oil-Exporting Countries
The best single measure of the resilience of an oil- or gas-exporting economy in the face of swings in the global oil price is its external breakeven price: the oil price that covers its import bill…
Spillovers From Falling Oil Prices
Overview U.S. policymakers who worry about the impact of energy developments on geopolitics typically think of high oil prices as bad news and low prices as an unalloyed good. But a sustained drop…
Report by Michael Levi, Alexandra Mahler-Haug, and Shannon K. O'Neil Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
Oil Price Volatility: Causes, Effects, and Policy Implications
CFR convened a workshop to explore what drives oil price volatility, what effects it has on the economy and geopolitics, and what policy options to reduce price volatility.
Report by Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
December - 2019 -special14 issue
ROINET Solutions
Roinet Solution: A Rural-Focused Technology Driven Financial Services Provider For The Under Served
Sameer Mathur
India is home to 700 million underserved people living in rural parts of the country. While the Indian government has done a great job of ensuring a bank account for every eligible citizen, the availability of access points continues to be a gap. The rural outlay has been increasing every year with more money flowing to the bank accounts of rural residents. However, distribution and penetration of financial products like insurance, saving, and mutual funds are abysmally low. With rapidly growing awareness and ubiquitous availability of mobile and fixed broadband, the Fintech space remains very hot, ripe with massive growth opportunities for every player in the sector. Mirroring the growth of constantly evolving industry since 2012, ROINET Solution a trusted, rural-focused, and technology-driven financial services provider was born with a vision of enabling the access of banking and other financial services for the unbanked underserved population at the bottom of the pyramid. The company has adopted the strategy of transforming its CSP (Customer Service Points) as a one-stop-shop for all financial services in addition to basic banking. It is uniquely positioned as a dominant rural Fintech player, thus continuously integrating new products and services into its technology platform. Today, ROINET boast of its best-in-class technology platform being a trusted partner of six national banks and a formidable leadership team. The company has its CSP in 22 states covering 520 districts, and more than two million customers getting serviced on its network of 30,000 service points, with transactions worth $1 billion. ROI NET is well-funded with the support of a Singapore based investor group.
The 'X' Factor
In addition to banking services, ROINET has enabled end-to-end digital, paperless, and seamless service points to offer life-enriching services like insurance, PAN card, recharges and ticketing, and more. The transactions are authenticated with Aadhaar, which makes them completely secure with no chance of error or fraud. Every service point is connected to the CBS (Core Banking System) through its in-house developed technology platform, which is tested and certified for
network security. The cost of availing basic banking services like money deposit, withdrawal, and more is zero. Other financial services are also offered at a very low cost. The strategy is to extract higher transaction volume per customer by offering him/her multiple services.
ROINET plans to ensure presence in all addressable districts of India within the current fiscal year ending March 2020
ROINET ensures that the customer service partner that it on-boards is from the same village and understands language and dialect. Rural customers avail virtually all services that he/she get in traditional bank branch such as opening a new account/fixed deposit/recurring deposit, depositing/ withdrawing money. Being technology-driven, the CSP operates early in the morning to late evening and even on bank holidays, which makes it very convenient for the residents.
The journey so far has been very fulfilling with its share of highs and lows. ROINET added significant competitive advantage by developing an in a house technology platform, which provides scalability and agility in meeting ever-changing customer needs with speed. In the last two years, the company has transitioned from pure play banking service provider to financial service provider. The company has been growing multifold year-on-year on both revenue and CSP. ROINET is a strong 110-member team. The management team consists of strong leaders with over two decades of experience from diverse sectors, including IT, Telecom, and FMCG. The team has owned the responsibility of improving the quality of life for all the stakeholders as its sole purpose of existence. Therefore, customer centricity becomes the central theme, and the team members think, act, and understand the world around them. The company encourages the team to work hard and party hard. It also empowers them with decision-making authority and enables them with training and rewards. ROINET is fortunate to have Mr AP Hota as an advisor who is the chief architect of modern payment interfaces while he headed the National Payment Corporation of India.
Mapping the Future
ROINET plans to ensure presence in all addressable districts of India within the current fiscal year ending March 2020. It is also in the process of rapidly adding the sales and distribution teams in uncovered geographies and planning to cover all addressable districts of the country. It is investing significantly in technology and customer support infrastructure for best-in-class consumer experience. "We are right on track for meeting our goals of the growing number of CSP and revenue topline threefold over last year. We plan to continuously add new products and services in our platform and introduce at least one new service every quarter. We are also looking forward to investing heavily in newer technologies like AI and Data Analytics for understating our consumers better and tailormake solutions for them," concludes Sameer Mathur, Managing Director, ROI NET Solution.
Sameer Mathur – Managing Director
Sanjeev Mahajan – Chief Growth Officer
Vivek Gupta – CTO
Chander Madan – CFO
Devesh Shanker – Business Head - FI
Nitesh Agarwalla - Business Head - Green Energy
Offerings: Digital Banking Services Bill Pay & Utility Services Insurance, Green Energy
Offices: Gurugram


Section 74(1) of the Public Sector Management Act 1994 (PSM Act) requires a Minister to make arrangements in writing, in relation to each department or organisation for which the Minister is responsible, that set out 'the manner in which, and the circumstances in which, dealings are to be had, and communications are to be made, between ministerial officers assisting the Minister and the employees in that department or organisation.' Department and organisation are defined in section 3 of the PSM Act.
Whilst section 74(1) requires arrangements to be made in relation to each department or organisation, it is at the discretion of Ministers as to whether individual and separate communication arrangements with each department or organisation within their portfolio should be created. In some portfolios it may be preferable to use a single arrangement where multiple departments or organisations of a similar structure and operational nature exist.
Chief Executive Officers or Chief Employees of departments or organisations should raise the issue with their relevant ministerial office if they do not currently have appropriate arrangements.
Communication arrangements should be reviewed and updated at each change in ministerial responsibility that affects a particular department or organisation and at each change of Chief Executive Officer or Chief Employee.
Chief Executive Officers and Chief Employees are also to ensure that they have in place appropriate processes so that employees have a clear understanding of the communication arrangements that govern the manner and circumstances in which dealings and communications are to be made between public sector employees and ministerial staff. This would include making the communication arrangements available on the intranet and in employee induction material. It could also be included in material used in employee briefing sessions.
Corruption and Crime Commission investigations and a report from the former Office of Commissioner for Public Sector Standards concerning the principle of integrity in official conduct suggest that there may not be sufficient awareness in the public sector regarding the arrangements that govern communications between ministerial staff and employees of departments or organisations.
Section 74 of the PSM Act is designed to enable government departments and organisations to operate in line with their governing legislation without undue political pressure. It applies to all staff employed in a ministerial office and those ministerial consultants engaged under contracts for service pursuant to section 100(1) of the PSM Act.
The PSM Act reinforces the principle that ministerial officers are an extension of their Minister by embodying the convention that ministerial officers can pass on only their Minister's instructions. Notwithstanding any arrangements currently in place, section 74(2) prevents a ministerial officer from directing an employee of a department or organisation 'in relation to the manner in which that employee is to perform the functions of his or her office, post or position,' unless with the agreement of the employing authority of the department or organisation concerned.


text:
Didier Drogba's son Isaac signs for Serie D side Folgore Caratese
Serie D club Folgore Caratese have announced today the signing of striker Isaac Drogba, the son of former Chelsea and Ivory Coast talisman Didier Drogba.
The 20-year-old signs for the Lombardy side after leaving Guingamp's youth teams last summer, having initially come through the ranks at the club his father won the Champions League with in 2013. Sky Sport report that the club had long been in the running for the striker's signature, with the forward becoming the second major recruit in Serie D this season after the arrival of former Inter and Brazil full-back Maicon at Sona.
The club was formed in 2011 following a merger of two local clubs in the town of Carate Brianza, near Monza, and have played in Italy's fourth tier ever since. The team plays in Group A of Serie D's nine pools, where they currently lie seventh in the table.
Paolo Maldini indicates Zlatan Ibrahimović will sign Milan contract extension
PODCAST | The Get Italian Football News Show, Episode 27
Milan 'ready to sign' Nicolo Zaniolo on loan,...


This issue: The anti-vaccination movement creates a whooping cough epidemic in Los Angeles; new study finds genetic markers for manic depression, while another finds a "genetic pathway underlying bipolar disorder"; a chemical found in broccoli helps relieve symptoms of autism, while an alternative hypothesis is offered into the cause and treatment of autism by professors at MIT; a tenured professor accuses American and Canadian pharmaceutical and defence companies of creating Ebola, and using it as a weapon against Africans, and; a Canadian judge decides modern science is secondary to naturopathic medicine.
A few nights ago I was watching the greatest Christmas movie ever made, Die Hard, and flipping over to A Christmas Carol during the commercials. When I was a kid the Scrooge movie freaked me out just enough so I haven't been able to watch it all the way through since – just to add to the freakiness, this time it was the colourized Ted Turner Edition, so everyone was wearing pastel coloured waistcoats, and 1850's coal-oil soaked London looked like 1985 Miami.
But I must have caught it at just the right – or wrong – commercial breaks because I didn't see the movie as a condemnation of Scrooge, or even his lifestyle. When the Ghosts started popping up, especially the Ghost of Christmas Past, the movie actually offered perfectly sound reasoning for Scrooge's behaviour.
Scrooge's mom died during childbirth, so his father resented him. When Scrooge was old enough – four or five – his father sent Scrooge away to school in an attempt to get rid of the kid. As a child the only friend Scrooge had was his sister, who died giving birth to a son, who Scrooge would hold responsible for his sister's death. To add to the insult, Scrooge's nephew comes back later in the story as a poor, but frustratingly happy young man.
At this point Scrooge rightfully swears off personal relationships, except the one with his business partner, Jacob Marley. Years later, after being told Marley is not long for this earth, Scrooge tells his clerk there's no point rushing to Jacob's bedside because "we've all got to die, Cratchit".
It seems as though his entire early life was just one swift kick to the groin after another. In a purely historical context I understand how Scrooge must be seen as the 'really bad dude' — the beginning of the Industrial Revolution was not a kind time for the working man. But even in that context Scrooge remains a sympathetic character. I always thought, just from watching the Muppet version and reading some of the book, Scrooge was meant to be a character without a soul and the Ghosts were trying to give him one.
But Scrooge was just a decent dude who had everything taken from him, and the Three Ghosts were ultimately just showing him what he had left was worth living for. Even though they're basically the same character, Scrooge is definitely not Henry "scurvy little spider" Potter from "A Wonderful Life". That's definitely a hateful bag of hate in dire need of a life enema.
In the end, however, by far the biggest Christmas movie miracle of them all has to be when LAPD Sgt. Al Powell puts five shots into the torso of the 'previously presumed to be dead' Euro-trash Terrorist, thus saving the lives of John and Holly McClane at the end of Die Hard.
…I originally published this here in 2007. It was also picked up by a newspaper in 2011 — which still makes me feel all squishy inside.
"A Toronto woman denied a flight to New York as part of a cruise trip wants to know how U.S. border agents knew about her history of mental illness.
…Richardson told CBC News that border guards referenced her 2012 hospitalization, and not her book, in denying her entry into the U.S.


text:
Home Main navigation Search Jump to content
University of Zurich Moulagenmuseum History & Technique Moulage History in Zurich
Schrift grösser/kleiner
Bruno Bloch
Full Professor of Dermatology at the University of Zurich and Director of the Dermatology Clinic
Guido Miescher
"Moulages have great didactic and scientific significance."
Alte Moulagensammlung
The old moulage collection was located directly next to the lecture hall of the Dermatological Clinic.
History & Technique
Moulage History in Zurich
Moulage History Worldwide
Moulage Production Technique
Foundation of the Dermatological Clinic
In 1916, Bruno Bloch from Basel was appointed the first professor for skin and venereal diseases and director of the newly founded clinic in Zurich. From the facilitiy loan he wanted to obtain "moulages and material for the production of moulages" for 3000 Swiss francs. Moulages were an important teaching aid in lecture halls and Bloch had already come to appreciate the collections in Vienna, Berlin and Paris during his training. In 1922 he wrote: "A dermatological clinic without its own collection of moulages and without the possibility to have the practically or theoretically important cases shown in the form of wax moulages is not complete"
Due to the First World War, the Lotte Volger (1883 - 1956) had come from Germany to Switzerland in 1918. She had learned the moulage technique in Berlin from Fritz Kolbow (1873 - 1946) and subsequently began to build a dermatological moulage collection at the Zurich clinic. In the new building of the Dermatological Clinic, completed in 1924, the moulages were stored next to the lecture hall and could be used during lectures upon request.
Under Paul Clairmont (1875 - 1942), the director of the Surgical Clinic, moulages of surgical clinical pictures were commissioned in the years 1919 to 1927. About 500 surgical wax moulages were produced by Adolf Fleischmann (1892 - 1968). Fleischmann was employed at the Cantonal Hospital as a scientific illustrator and was trained by Lotte Volger as a moulageur for this purpose. Surgical moulages are a rarity that exist only in Zurich and Paris.
The moulage collection also profited from the support of Guido Miescher, Bruno Bloch's successor as director of the Dermatological Clinic, who left no doubt "that moulages are of great didactic and scientific significance".
In 1956 Ruth Beutl-Willi resigned for family reasons. With the help of Guido Miescher, she had found another student of Lotte Volger abroad: Elsbeth Stoiber (1924-2014). Under the new clinic director Hans Storck, Elsbeth Stoiber temporarily worked in India during the 1960s, and fabricated moulages of cases of leprosy and other tropical skin diseases. In Zurich, she introduced an exhibition of selected moulages in the lecture hall, which were coordinated with the previous lecture. The lack of space in the Dermatological Clinic meant that the moulages which were previously located on the ground floor of the clinic had to be cleared away and stored in the cellar. There, the collection was rearranged several times and served the medical examination candidates for self-instruction and exam preparation. On request, there were also guided tours for the nursing staff.
Improved colour photography and the possibility of Eidophor projections in the auditorium more and more replaced the moulages and they became increasingly forgotten.
During the 1960s, moulages were eliminated from lecture halls worldwide due to the improved possibilities of colour slide projection and television transmission. A moulage collection is much more difficult to maintain and expand than a slide collection – let alone the large space it requires. In the 1970s, the moulages in Zurich were forgotten by doctors as well, and the intention was to pass on or even destroy the space-consuming objects. In 1972, Elsbeth Stoiber was commissioned to throw away all dermatological moulages. Fortunately, she did not carry out the task, but worked with great energy to rescue and preserve the valuable objects.
Urs W. Schnyder, Director of the Clinic of Dermatology in Zurich from 1979 to 1991, and Elsbeth Stoiber both supported the curator of the Medical History Museum of the University of Zurich, Urs Boschung, to create a special exhibition in the Medical History Museum on the subject of "Medical Wax Creation" in 1979. Above all, the exhibition was devoted to the now extinct moulage art. It marked the beginning of a renaissance for wax moulages in Zurich. In a slide show by Elsbeth Stoiber, the previously secret technique of moulage fabrication was presented for the first time.
In the following years, interest in moulages grew. Film contributions were made, publications about the works of Elsbeth Stoiber appeared in the press and wax moulages were exhibited at congresses (Sylt, Berlin, Pavia, Zurich). Upon request, the moulages could be studied in showcases in the old heating cellar of the Clinic of Dermatology by state examination candidates, assistants and nursing staff. A large part of the moulages was temporarily handed over to the Institute of Medical History for storage. (In the course of the reorganization of the Institute for Medical History in Zürich these moulages were re-incorporated in the collection of the Museum of Wax Moulages.)
In 1984, the surgical moulages produced by Adolf Fleischmann and previously stored in the Surgical Clinic were saved from destruction, relocated to the cellars of the Training Centre (formerly Anatomical Institute) and later integrated into the collection. Finally, the Dermatological Moulages with the showcases from the Dermatological Clinic were newly installed in the basement rooms of the training building (Gartenhüsli) of the University Hospital and guided tours to moulages and epitheses were offered. A large part of the restoration work on the surgical moulages begun in 1990 was carried out by Günter Siemiatkowski from Dresden.
In 1993, a modern, well-equipped museum room offering space for approx. 600 moulages was opened at the University Hospital Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 14. In addition to the moulage collection, this building also housed the epithetics department, which had evolved historically from the moulage department.
The over 1800 wax moulages in the collection at the time were rearranged and around 600 of them exhibited by the emeritus professors Urs W. Schnyder (dermatology) and Heinz Eberle (surgery) in the new museum. Initially, the museum was open once weekly for students and the public. A colourfully illustrated catalogue of moulages was published for this purpose.
The responsibility for maintaining the collection was transferred to a board of trustees, chaired by the Director of the Dermatological Clinic, Prof. Günter Burg, and the members Prof. Victor Meyer (Director of the Clinic for Reconstructive Surgery), Prof. Beat Rüttimann (Director of the Medical History Institute of the University), lic. iur H.P. Sinniger (member of the Administrative Directorate of the University Hospital) and Ms Elsbeth Stoiber (moulageuse and collection conservator).
In 1994, the Department of Epithetics was separated from the Moulage Department and headed by Dr. med. dent. Gerolf Gehl was assigned to the Department of Reconstructive Surgery. Following Elsbeth Stoiber's resignation in spring 1999, Michael Geiges took over the conservational tasks after she had introduced him to the technology of moulage production in previous years.
The Museum of Wax Moulages has been a member of the Zurich Museums Association (VZM) since 1996 and of the Swiss Museums Association (VMS) since 1999. The opening hours have been extended to twice-weekly, and the museum provides abundant information on medical and historical aspects of the moulages on display. Guided tours on request take place all year round.
Home © Universität Zürich 21 Nov 2019 Data Protection Statement


text:
Attack at NASS: My life in danger — NPA MD, Bala Usman, cries out •Petitions IGP, DSS on safety
Posted by News Express | 6 December 2019 | 2,546 times
•NPA MD Hadiza Bala Usman
Managing Director of the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), Hadiza Bala Usman, has cried out over a threat to her life following the harassment and humiliation to which she was subjected by people believed to be hirelings of the Chairman of Ocean Maritime Solutions Limited (OMSL), Captain Idahosa Okunbo. She is calling for the investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of the attack which took place at the premises of the National Assembly on Tuesday, December 3, 2019.
Bala Usman made the call in a petition dated December 4, 2019 addressed to the Inspector General of Police (IGP), the President of the Senate and Director-General of the Department of State Services (DSS). She explained that she was at the Senate on the said date to honour the invitation of the Joint Committee on Navy, Marine Transport and Finance to its public hearing on the Safe Anchorage Area of the Lagos Ports. This followed a motion on "illegal security activities by OMSL at the Safe Anchorage Area of Lagos Ports and the need to investigate their excesses," moved by Senator George Sekibo during the senate plenary on November 7, 2019. She explained that the committee had invited other parties, which included the Nigerian Navy and the OMSL.
"In the course of the session, Captain (Dr) Idahosa Wells Okunbo of OMSL, having made his submission, stormed out visibly angry breathing fire and brimstone. Following Captain Idahosa Wells Okunbo outburst and abrupt exit, the Chairman of the Joint Committee closed the session," the petition reads.
Continuing, Bala Usman says: "On leaving the meeting room some hoodlums that accompanied Captain Okunbo to the hearing ambushed me at the exit door and tried to push their way towards me to physically attack me, raining abuses on me that I was taking food away from them and their boss, and that they will find me and destroy me."
The NPA Managing Director explained that it took the efforts her security detail and NPA Executive Director, Marine and Operations, Dr. Sekonte H. Davies, as well as and security personnel deployed from the office of the Deputy Senate President for her and her entourage to leave the premises unhurt.
While calling for the full investigation of the incident with the intent of bringing the culprits to face the full wrath of the law, the NPA boss said she takes the direct threats to her life issued by these hoodlums seriously. She further informed the IGP, the DG, DSS as well as all Nigerians that Capt. Idahosa Wells Okunbo should be held responsible if any harm should befall her or any member of her family.
Bala Usman expressed shock at how those unleashed on her gained access into the premises of the National Assembly and the audacity of attacking representatives of the Federal Government who were at the NASS on invitation, an act which she described as the height of impunity and disrespect.
CBN injects $210m into FOREX Market
Air Peace deploys Boeing 737 plane to Asaba Airport
RUGA: HURIWA challenges Presidency, National Assembly on its implementation despite widespread...
Adeneye supports pupils with school items to mark birthday
Boko Haram raids Adamawa communities
Third PDP candidate emerges for Nov. 16 Anambra governorship election
Shoprite starts search for new Board Chairman
Kaduna Trade Fair a huge success: Dankaka


text:
Remember poll officer in yellow saree? She is setting internet on fire with her 'teri aakhya ka yo kajal' dance
In March This Year, Photos Of Reena Dwivedi Dressed In Canary Yellow Sari On Election Duty Went Viral On Social Media Platforms.
News Nation Bureau | Edited By : Surabhi Pandey | Updated on: 01 Aug 2019, 12:10:33 PM
Dressed in emerald green saree, Dwivedi's dancing skills can give some stars run for their money.
Delhi:
Reena Dwivedi, the PWD officer, who became internet star during the Lok Sabha Elections earlier this year is back in news again. After creating ripples and impressing everyone with her impeccable dressing style (who can forget her yellow saree), Dwivedi winning internet with her cool dance. In a latest video posted by her on her Facebook page, Dwivedi is seen dancing to Sapna Choudhary's 'teri aakhya ka yo kajal.' Dressed in emerald green saree, Dwivedi's dancing skills can give some stars run for their money. The PWD officer had once said that she would be thrilled if she gets a chance to be in the Bigg Boss house. "My family is supportive and they are happy that I am getting some recognition. 'Bigg Boss' would be a great opportunity if I get it," she was quoted as saying by ABP.
In March this year, photos of Dwivedi dressed in canary yellow sari on election duty went viral on social media platforms. People had gone crazy and wanted to know everything about her. Hailing from Deoria district, Reena has worked as an assistant officer in the PWD department since 2013 is living in Lucknow these days.
When asked about her latest online fame, Dwivedi said that she had done election duties in 2014 and 2017 too, but this time she became an internet sensation because of these photos. "People in my own office and even visitors are requesting me for selfies. Though it is nice to be famous overnight, it also gets uncomfortable at times," she had said. "Private companies have a more disciplined work culture. I brought that legacy with me in PWD as well. Probably that is the reason my seniors and bosses appreciate me," she was quoted as saying by a news agency. Reena is a fitness freak and is conscious of her diet and before joining PWD, Reena had worked in the insurance sector. Reena says she had received several offers to act in Bhojpuri films, but did not take them up since her son was small.
"Maybe, if I get good offers now I may take them up because my son is old enough to take care of himself," she said. Sapna Choudhary's song has a cult fan following and is popular among the TikTok video-makers.
Recently, a girl created buzz in Delhi after her TikTok video went viral. ' Her dance led to suspension of three DTC employees. According to reports, the incident took place in Delhi's Janakpuri area, where the girl, who was not been identified, made a dance video for her TikTok profile. Dancing to the hit Haryanvi song, the girl shot the video in an empty bus on July 12. Three DTC men including driver and two marshals were suspended. "Driver of the bus has been placed under suspension and it's conductor, who is a contractual employee, has been served show-cause notice for termination. The bus marshal from Civil Defence has been repatriated to his parent department," a DTC official was quoted as saying.
First Published : 01 Aug 2019, 12:10:33 PM
Viral Stories Internet Star Sapna Choudhary Song Dance


153 LAKEVIEW AVE is Block 829, Lot 8 in Ringwood Boro, Passaic County.
This property is partially within the AE Zone (within floodplain). Approximately 0.04 acres (9.21%) of the property is within this zone.
View the list of properties within 200 feet of 153 LAKEVIEW AVE. Useful for determining certified mailing lists when applying for a variance or permit.


text:
package org.efaps.eql.stmt.parts;

/**
 * The Interface ISubQueryStmtPart.
 *
 * @author The eFaps Team
 */
public interface IQueryPart
{

    /**
     * Adds the type.
     *
     * @param _type Type to be added to the Statement
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addType(final String _type)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr eq.
     *
     * @param _attr Select to be added to the Statement
     * @param _value alias for the related select
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrEq(final String _attr,
                        final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr not eq.
     *
     * @param _attr Select to be added to the Statement
     * @param _value alias for the related select
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrNotEq(final String _attr,
                           final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr greater.
     *
     * @param _attr the _attr
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrGreater(final String _attr,
                             final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr less.
     *
     * @param _attr the _attr
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrLess(final String _attr,
                          final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr like.
     *
     * @param _attr the _attr
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrLike(final String _attr,
                          final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _attr Name of the Attribute
     * @param _values list of values
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrIn(final String _attr,
                        final String... _values)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _attr Name of the Attribute
     * @param _values list of values
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrNotIn(final String _attr,
                        final String... _values)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _attr the _attr
     * @param _nestedQueryStmtPart the _nested query stmt part
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrIn(final String _attr,
                        final INestedQueryStmtPart _nestedQueryStmtPart)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _attr the _attr
     * @param _nestedQueryStmtPart the _nested query stmt part
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereAttrNotIn(final String _attr,
                        final INestedQueryStmtPart _nestedQueryStmtPart)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where select eq.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectEq(final String _select,
                          final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where select like.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectLike(final String _select,
                            final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where select greater.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectGreater(final String _select,
                               final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where select less.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _value the _value
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectLess(final String _select,
                            final String _value)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param the _select
     * @param _nestedQueryStmtPart the _nested query stmt part
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectIn(final String _select,
                          final INestedQueryStmtPart _nestedQueryStmtPart)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param the _select
     * @param _nestedQueryStmtPart the _nested query stmt part
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectNotIn(final String _select,
                          final INestedQueryStmtPart _nestedQueryStmtPart)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _values list of values
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectIn(final String _select,
                          final String... _values)
        throws Exception;

    /**
     * Adds the where attr in.
     *
     * @param _select the _select
     * @param _values list of values
     * @throws Exception the exception
     */
    void addWhereSelectNotIn(final String _select,
                             final String... _values)
        throws Exception;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Looking for 15' towlite in Texas. Maybe 17'. I have a 4 cylinder RAV 4 to pull it.
First you should check the specs for your RAV4, I can't imagine it'd be capable of pulling too much, let alone controlling/stopping a trailer (maybe a small tent type trailer?).
I just did a quick check (Edmunds, 2013 RAV4), this site claimed RAV4 capacities as: MAXIMUM TOWING CAPACITY**1500 lbs. MAXIMUM PAYLOAD**900 lbs.
I didn't see what the bumper can hold, but would guess no more than 350# (just a guess).


.... there are quite a few var's in '89 !
i NO current D.I. listing for a '88 rev on a '89 ??
Interesting coin but I hate to be a party pooper.
Check out this LINK to Wexlers site (Doubleddies.com) for comparisons of the RDV-005 ('88 normal) vs. RDV-006 ('99 normal).
Another thing to check is where the bottom horizontal bar of the F lines up in relation to the top of the G but the easiest I've found is where the top of the G stops in relation to the vertical bar of the G.
Am I missing something here? The OP posted a 1989 reverse correct? This reverse in the images has the FG for an 1988 RDV-005, or supposedly, correct?
If so then we're looking at a 1989 with an 1988 reverse correct?
Because the 1989 RDV-006 reverse is supposed to have the serifs and is thicker, plus the position is different. What I am seeing in the images is the reverse of a 1988 coin on a 1989 unless the OP mixed this up or I am completely confused here.
Also I do recommend Wexler or contacting CONECA Rep and most of them are back-logged even the last time I sent a coin out years ago. That's just part of this business. The videos might have made it worse but it's always took a while.
Thanks for the excellent images for reference.
The top of the G stops well short of the upright of the G, as your top image for a regular '89 reverse shows.
The s on the short vertical of the G are missing on some dies from grease or maybe plating issues(?).
BTW- Personally I think the videos, when done properly like you do, are a big help to the hobby. They are easy to watch and can correct erroneous information.
Unfortunately I think Mr. Wexler is getting older like the rest of us, with even more irons in the fire, including attributions, articles, and having a life.
I agree something has happened to this FG. Could have been abraded down to remove clash marks and there's a mark connecting it to the rim. I had to get a closer look. I don't even look for these myself. I like the comparison images and would make a great video, some people need to visualize.
notice the toung & tail ?
All of them are getting older and crunched for time, more and more people are being turned onto varieties and errors because of Facebook groups, social media, reporting on rare varieties being found in the media, Cherry Picker's Guides, Youtube videos and people need money.
I am hugely involved in the business and full time. I go to a couple shows a month and speak to the experts every chance I get, whether email, Facebook or a coin shows. Even the experts disagree on some things, and most collectors would be surprised to hear that, but 100% truth. I have permission from a few of these experts to use their material in my videos, they see how much I help and study and learn. My far and few in between mistakes come from trying to do to much at a time and not slowing down to look at every detail when I am rushing.
Honestly I don't care what these "message" board members think of my videos. These guys are just living in a tiny world in those dinosaur boards just like this one. People use them but Facebook groups is where most of the activity takes place.
I would rather help the masses than limit myself to a group or message board and sit and critique everyone else from my "bubble". I help thousands of people a month, and although I am not perfect, I do not deserve for anyone to bash what I do. I am not saying you have petespocket but you know the arrogance in those groups and I am not letting is spill over into this group.
Sorry to hijack a thread but I have literally built most of this all by myself and ran it since 2007. When these naysayers do the same thing then only then can they critique me. I held my tongue on the other board because I have too many things to do and what they're doing does not benefit the hobby.


English: habitational name from a place in Derbyshire recorded in Domesday Book as Bunteshale 'nook or corner of land (Old English halh) of a man called Bunt'.
Where is the Bonsall family from?
You can see how Bonsall families moved over time by selecting different census years. The Bonsall family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. The most Bonsall families were found in the UK in 1891. In 1840 there were 32 Bonsall families living in Pennsylvania. This was about 60% of all the recorded Bonsall's in the USA. Pennsylvania had the highest population of Bonsall families in 1840.
Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the Bonsall surname lived. Within census records, you can often find information like name of household members, ages, birthplaces, residences, and occupations.
What did your Bonsall ancestors do for a living?
In 1880, the most common Bonsall occupation in the USA was Farmer. 25% of Bonsall's were Farmers. A less common occupation for the Bonsall family was Laborer. Farmer, Keeping House and Carpenter were the top 3 reported jobs worked by Bonsall.
Census records can tell you a lot of little known facts about your Bonsall ancestors, such as occupation. Occupation can tell you about your ancestor's social and economic status.
What Bonsall family records will you find?
There are 3,000 census records available for the last name Bonsall. Like a window into their day-to-day life, Bonsall census records can tell you where and how your ancestors worked, their level of education, veteran status, and more.
There are 642 immigration records available for the last name Bonsall. Passenger lists are your ticket to knowing when your ancestors arrived in the USA, and how they made the journey - from the ship name to ports of arrival and departure.
There are 1,000 military records available for the last name Bonsall. For the veterans among your Bonsall ancestors, military collections provide insights into where and when they served, and even physical descriptions.
You've only scratched the surface of Bonsall family history.
What is the average Bonsall lifespan?
Between 1944 and 2004, in the United States, Bonsall life expectancy was at its lowest point in 1958, and highest in 1986. The average life expectancy for Bonsall in 1944 was 42, and 78 in 2004.
An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your Bonsall ancestors lived in harsh conditions. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. The SSDI is a searchable database of more than 70 million names. You can find birthdates, death dates, addresses and more.


text:
New Antitrust Suit Set to Brought Against Facebook Over Instagram and WhatsApp Acquisitions
Facebook is set to have another legal challenge on its hands, with The Washington Post reporting that a group of state attorneys general is on track to file antitrust charges against The Social Network over its acquisitions of Instagram and WhatsApp.
According to reports, the legal challenge will allege that Facebook's purchases of rival social apps "helped create an anti-competitive social networking juggernaut", which has since moved to quash opposition through its scale and data-gathering processes.
This isn't the first time such concerns have been raised. Back in July, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg faced a House Judiciary Committee hearing which sought to establish whether the tech giants, including Apple, Google and Amazon, along with Facebook, have been operating in an anti-competitive manner.
Zuckerberg was specifically questioned about Facebook's acquisition of Instagram, which, documents suggest, was at least partly intended to 'neutralize' a competitor.
At the conclusion of that hearing, it seemed clear that further steps would be taken - as summarized by House Judiciary Antitrust, Commercial and Administrative Law Subcommittee Chair David Cicilline:
"This hearing has made one fact clear to me: these companies as they exist today have monopoly power. Some need to be broken up, all need to be properly regulated and held accountable. We need to ensure the antitrust laws first written more than a century ago work in the digital age."
This new push will look to add further weight to that call, which could lead to increased regulation, and potentially, a break-up of Facebook's empire - though whether that would even be possible is another question entirely.
Some have suggested that a big part of Facebook's push to integrate its messaging apps into a single back-end platform has been motivated by self-defense - i.e. by combining all the functionality of its various apps into one single framework, Facebook could justifiably argue that it can't be broken up, because its apps are all part of a single, larger infrastructure framework. WhatsApp won't work if you separate it from the chain, same with Instagram Direct.
That seems somewhat tenuous, given all three of its messaging apps were once their own, individual systems - but maybe, a year and a half on from its initial integration announcement, Facebook could now argue that irreversible work has been done to bolt its tools together in the back-end.
Either way, you can expect there to be increased calls for action, and you can expect Facebook to feel the heat, once again, over its market dominance. Whether that results in real action being taken is difficult to predict - there's a reason why Facebook is hiring more and more lobbyists in Washington.
Indeed, Facebook reportedly spent around $16.7 million on political lobbying in 2019, up from $12.6 million in 2018, and it's on track to beat that once again this year (Facebook spent $4.8 million on lobbying in the second quarter of 2020).
Will that hold off further action, or will we see a big push for change at The Social Network in 2020?
One thing that is worth noting - former President Barack Obama recently noted that he thinks more action needs to be taken to limit the spread of misinformation on social networks, which he flagged as "the single biggest threat to our democracy".
With Obama's former VP set to take over as President, that could well be indicative of a larger push against Facebook coming in the near future.
Get social media news like this in your inbox daily. Subscribe to Social Media Today:


text:
Nayakudu () is a 2005 Indian Telugu-language action film directed by Kodi Ramakrishna. A remake of the Malayalam film Runway (2004), the film stars Rajasekhar and Namitha while Nassar, Rami Reddy and Riyaz Khan play supporting roles. The plot follows Raju (Rajasekhar) who pretends to his family that he worked in Dubai, however, he is a smuggling kingpin who goes by the name Spirit Sambasiva. The film is released on 15 September 2005.

Plot

Cast

Rajasekhar as Rajagopalam "Raju" alias Spirit Sambasiva
Namitha as Uma
Nassar as Razzaq
Rami Reddy  as Vadayar
Riyaz Khan as Venugopal
Thalaivasal Vijay
Raghu Babu
Giri Babu
GV Sudhakar
Benarjee
K.R. Vijaya as Bharatamma
Jeeva
Ahuti Prasad
Narsing Yadav
O Kalyan
Ramesh
Harsha
Prudhvi
Varsha
Amit Kumar

Production
Kodi Ramakrishna who collaborated with Rajasekhar for several films including Ankusam teamed up after a hiatus. The film began its production in February 2005.

Soundtrack
Music by Koti.

Release and reception
The film released in mid-September.

MM of The Hindu called it a "neat action film" and wrote, "Though the film is full of sentiment and love, the basic backdrop is action. Some scenes look cinematic, but they are passable." Reviewing the film for Zamin Ryot, Griddaluru Gopalrao appreciated the storyline and performances. He stated that director Kodi Ramakrishna had succeeded in adapting Runway in a Telugu setting. On the other hand, a critic from Sify called it "avoidable," adding, "The story and presentation of director Kodi Ramakrishna is old wine in new bottle. The shot takings and situations are all taken in an old fashioned manner which makes the proceedings move at snail pace."

References

External links

 Telugu remakes of Malayalam films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


William is coping with the death of his wife Emilie by free diving into the depths of a sea. While trying to reconstruct his memories lost in an accident, he searches for a border between life and death at the bottom of the sea.
The film was funded by the European Union and the AdriaWealth programme.


For the hot, summer days, flowers are exactly what you need to add to your outfit, to make you feel wonderful. Now you can do it easy, by simply wearing the Havaianas H.Slim Floral Flip Flops. These flip flops feature a splendid, hibiscus print on the rubber sole. They are adorned with the embossed contrasting logo on the straps and soles. These flip flops are durable, lightweight, and comfortable, and their material makes them non-slip, resistant to water and to heat.
Casual, Toe-Post, slide, Summer, rubber sole, Floral.


Homes by Skanska is now part of Skanska UK, solidifying its position as a key part of Skanska's UK business.
The move reflects the company's confidence in the UK housing market and confirms its ongoing investment in this market. The change will help us be more efficient, as we continue to build award-winning, sustainable homes.
Visit the Homes by Skanska website.


Santa brought something I've wanted for decades, a proper DSLR camera, a Nikon D750. I've played with it some and already wish I had it 10 years ago – it makes me want to become a better photographer. Hopefully this means better pictures and videos for you as well!
My brother said there's a Fontana event on the same weekend as the Willow Springs event. I'm torn; I'd like to do the Willow Springs event simply because I haven't really run the car there yet. The catch is that we've been having really cold weather (I found sheets of ice in our yard this morning) and overnight temperatures at WS have been in the mid-20s (last night got down to 19 F). There's how I'd cope with it (read: how to get a good night's sleep because we'd camp there) and then there's how the car would cope, given that antifreeze isn't permitted. Fontana is about half as far away and I could run one day and avoid an overnight stay. We'll see; it's not helping that I'm coming down with something, but since the events are three weeks off, that shouldn't be an issue.
Merry Christmas, everyone! Doing a lot of family stuff but should have more time later to prepare the car for a planned track event at Willow Springs on January 16-17. My brother's also planning to attend in his LS-powered Stalker, so that should be fun. We typically camp at the track so hopefully it won't be too cold overnight (it was down into the 20's recently… ugh). Most track organizers run rain-or-shine, which means waiting until the last second to sign up, but doing so also risks having the event sold out.
Things are happening, they just aren't real entertaining. Thanksgiving, shopping, and family stuff consumed much of the time, though a few car things did slip in.
I'm not convinced the alternator bracket is really fixed; even when tight, it's possible to rock the alternator slightly, probably due to the mounting hole in the broken segment having elongated somewhat. It's not entirely bad to redo it because it may have always been slightly out of alignment right from the start. A straight edge had been placed across the face of the crank pulley in order to determine the plane of where the alternator pulley needed to end up. What I didn't check was whether the shoulder of the crank pulley and the alternator pulley were the same, not sure they are. As a result, the alternator may have always been slightly offset even before it broke.
Closed-loop boost control always looks like it can be better refined… tuning never ends. Boost has slowly been advanced to its current 250 kpa, or 22 psi. On ethanol there's still no knock, and while boost at this level is fine for brief pulls, track events are probably a bit risky, as heat-soak may invoke knock. The ECU is configured to pull boost if incoming air temperature gets too high, and it's also monitoring knock, but it's still a concern. In addition, third gear is good for 120 mph, and while there's no wheel spin, it's getting close, so more power isn't "necessary." I'll probably drop boost a bit for safety and reliability, at least for track events. Once everything is finally dialed in and working well with ethanol, Midlana may be switched back to gasoline for the street, just for practicality. Boost would be dropped to ~14-16 psi, but the chief benefit is that fuel mileage will increase by 50% (from ~20 mph to ~30 mpg).
Lastly, if you're thinking of getting yourself a copy of the Midlana book, better hurry. The printer always runs discounts during the holidays, though the discount amounts seem to be somewhat random (they don't inform authors what they're planning), so it pays to check. Order now to get yours before Christmas!


● Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F or 175 degrees C.
● Grease a 3-inch by 9-inch springform pan with butter.
● Blend cookies, coffee granules and sugar in a processor and add melted butter until the ingredients blend properly.
● Spread the prepared mixture evenly onto bottom and not sides of prepared pan.
● Bake for 5 minutes and set aside to cool. Maintain oven temperature.
● Melt the chopped bittersweet chocolate over a double boiler and stir occasionally until the chocolate melts.
● Cool the melted chocolate till it is lukewarm, but make sure it is still pourable.
● Now, add cocoa powder, instant coffee granules, cornstarch and sugar in a processor and blend, until smooth.
● Mix softened cream cheese and beat well till the cheese gets incorporated properly and all lumps disappear.
● Stir in the 4 eggs to it, one at a time, mixing slowly after each just until blended. Add vanilla extract with the last egg.
● Also add lukewarm chocolate and chopped pecans to this mixture and stir until it blends properly.
● Pour filling over the prepared crust and smoothen the top surface.
● Bake at 350 degrees F for 15 minutes, and then reduce the temperature to 200 degrees F and bake for another 2 hours.
● Cool for 5 minutes. Run knife around the rim of pan to loosen cake and chill overnight.
● Melt chocolate chips, sugar and milk in a saucepan over low heat, until smooth.
● Pour marshmallow cream on the center of the cheesecake, and then spread it evenly over the top.
● Drizzle a layer of the chocolate mixture on the marshmallow cream and garnish with bittersweet chocolate curls and chopped pecans.
● Transfer cheesecake to platter and serve chilled!!


Chelsea's Alvaro Morata agrees to join Atletico Madrid. Balague said the deal is subject to Chelsea signing a replacement and Atletico selling a striker.
Chelsea is reportedly close to signing Juventus striker Gonzalo Higuain, who is on loan at AC Milan. Morata, 26, joined Chelsea for a then club record £60m in July 2017 but has struggled this season.
The Spain international, who signed a five-year deal when moving to Stamford Bridge, was left out of the squad for five of their past seven Premier League games and has scored nine goals in 24 games in all competitions this season.
Balague said Morata reached an agreement with Sevilla but changed his mind after being contacted by Atletico, another La Liga side.
Nikola Kalinic or Gelson Martins are the players most likely to be sold by Spanish side Atletico. "It seems to be a matter of finding a buyer for Kalinic," Balague said.


text:
Q: SQLite3 + Node.js - Should I open and close the database for each INSERT or keep it always open? I have a Node.js process monitoring an application, writing to the database when a certain action happens. There is a frontend for this database, which causes concurrency errors when both are trying to access the data. The internal processes dont matter too much, but theres a write to the database about 3 times a second (which I believe to be considered still quite slow). Here is my INSERT statement:
db.run(query, data, function(e)
{
    if (e)
    {
        console.log("Could not insert a Sync!")
        console.log(e.message)
    }
});

My question is, should I open and close the database for each insert:
db = new sql.Database('../db', sql.OPEN_READWRITE, (e) =>
{
    if (e)
    {
        console.log("Could not connect to the DB!")
        console.log(e.message)
    }
})

db.run(query, data, function(e)
{
    if (e)
    {
        console.log("Could not insert a Sync!")
        console.log(e.message)
    }
});

db.close()

Or open at the start of the process and just leave the db object open?
Im hoping to reduce the amount of concurrency errors, WAL option I am looking into. Thanks

A: Constantly opening and closing the db connection isn't going to help your concurrency problem and isn't very efficient. Leave it open.
WAL mode lets you have one writer and multiple readers at the same time. Other journal modes let you have multiple active readers at the same time with no writers, or one writer and no readers until the writer is finished. So if the other application using the database is only a reader, WAL is probably going to be what you want.
Anything that tries to read or write the database can be written so if it gets a locking error, it tries again after a brief pause before eventually giving up after a few failed attempts (The C api has a way to do this automatically, not sure about Node, but there's always the busy_timeout pragma).
You should also make sure that any prepared statements you execute are reset or finalized when you're done with them so they release locks and allow other queries to run.
If it's still a problem after all that, you might need a different database.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Longitarsus violentus is een keversoort uit de familie bladkevers (Chrysomelidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1893 gepubliceerd door Julius Weise.

violentus


Looking for a snack food that's actually good for you? Look no further than popcorn.
The unprocessed, whole-grain treat has more healthful plant chemicals, known as polyphenols, than a serving of fruit or vegetables. Want to know where most of those nutrients and fiber are hiding? In the husks — those little brown piece that always get stuck in your teeth.
Just remember that popcorn is only as healthy as the way you prepare it. Microwave popcorn has twice as many calories as the air-popped kind and twice as much fat than if you were to pop the kernels in oil yourself.
Air-popped popcorn packs just 100 calories in a three-cup serving, while the oil-popped version (sans butter) contains 55 calories per cup. Invest in an air popper for oil-free kernels. Season with your favorite spices, like salt, pepper and rosemary, or cinnamon, cumin and cayenne pepper.


Create CON folder in Windows operating system.
Hi friends have you tried to create CON folder in Windows operating system. if not just try.
But we can create using below commands in DOS(Command Prompt).
@cpradio, that brings back memories! Forgot all about that..
Good memories where you'd just open the game from DOS, because windows took to long to open.