text:
$(function(){

    var selectors = {
        tabsContainer : '#category-tabs-container',
        tabButton : '.category-tab-btn',
        tabFilter : '.category-tab-filter',
        resetFiltersBtn : '.reset-filters-btn',
        filtersForm : '#filtersForm',
        filtersContainer : '.category-filters-container',
        proposalsContainer : '.category-proposals-container',
        priceRangeSlider : '#prices-range-slider',
        priceRangeMinPriceField: '#minPrice',
        priceRangeMaxPriceField: '#maxPrice'
    };

    var CatalogCategory = function(categoryUrl, $categoryContainer){

        var category = this;

        category.url = categoryUrl;
        category.$categoryContainer = $categoryContainer;

        var methods = {
            initElements: function(){

                category.$tabsContainer = $(selectors.tabsContainer, $categoryContainer);
                category.$tabButton = $(selectors.tabButton, $categoryContainer);
                category.$tabFilter = $(selectors.tabFilter, $categoryContainer);
                category.$resetFiltersBtn = $(selectors.resetFiltersBtn, $categoryContainer);
                category.$filtersForm = $(selectors.filtersForm, $categoryContainer);
                category.$filtersContainer = $(selectors.filtersContainer, $categoryContainer);
                category.$proposalsContainer = $(selectors.proposalsContainer, $categoryContainer);
                category.priceRange = {
                    $minPriceField : $(selectors.priceRangeMinPriceField, $categoryContainer),
                    $maxPriceField : $(selectors.priceRangeMaxPriceField, $categoryContainer),
                    $priceFields : $([selectors.priceRangeMinPriceField, selectors.priceRangeMaxPriceField].join(','), $categoryContainer),
                    $slider : $(selectors.priceRangeSlider, $categoryContainer)
                };

            },
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                category.priceRange.$maxPriceField.val(maxPrice);

                category.priceRange.$priceFields.currency({
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                    decimal: '.',
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                    hidePrefix: true,
                    hidePostfix: true
                });

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                            methods.updatePriceRangeFieldValues(ui.values[0], ui.values[1]);

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                    methods.updatePriceRangeFieldValues(category.priceRange.$slider.slider("values", 0), category.priceRange.$slider.slider("values", 1));

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                        $allTabButton = $tabButton;

                    } else {

                        var filterId = $tabButton.data('filter');
                        var $tabFilter = $('#' + filterId);

                        if($tabFilter.val()){
                            $activeTabButtons.push($tabButton);
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                category.$tabButton.removeClass('active');

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                        $allTabButton.addClass('active');
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                } else {

                    if($allTabButton){
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                    $.each($activeTabButtons, function(i, $tabButton){

                        $tabButton.addClass('active');

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                    category.$tabFilter.val([]);

                    switch (filterId){
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                            category.$tabFilter.eq(0).trigger('change');
                            break;

                        default :

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                            $tabFilter
                                .val(1)
                                .trigger('change')
                            ;

                    }

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                    category.loadPage(data);

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                    category.loadPage(data);

                    return false;

                });

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        category.loadPageRequest = null;
        category.loadPage = function(data){

            if(category.loadPageRequest){
                category.loadPageRequest.abort();
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            if($.isArray(data)){

                data.push({
                    name: 'format',
                    value: 'json'
                });

            } else {

                data.format = 'json';

            }

            category.loadPageRequest = $.ajax({
                url: categoryUrl,
                data: data,
                beforeSend: function(){
                    category.$proposalsContainer.addLoading();
                },
                success: function(data){

                    category.$tabsContainer
                        .html(data['tabsHtml'])
                    ;

                    category.$proposalsContainer
                        .html(data['proposalsHtml'])
                    ;

                    category.$filtersContainer
                        .html(data['filtersHtml'])
                        .applyChosen()
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                    category.loadPageRequest = null;

                    category.init();
                    category.$proposalsContainer.removeLoading();

                    if($.proposalEstimator){
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                    //@TODO restart images preview plugin

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text:
Q: Exception handling in Java - Keep executing until user enters four valid employee IDs What's wrong with this code:
DebugTwelve4.java:25: error: cannot find symbol
throw(new FixDebugEmployeeIDException("Number too high " + emps[x]));
^
symbol:   class FixDebugEmployeeIDException
location: class DebugTwelve4
DebugTwelve4.java:36: error: cannot find symbol
catch(FixDebugEmployeeIDException error)
^
symbol:   class FixDebugEmployeeIDException
location: class DebugTwelve4
2 errors
Error: Could not find or load main class DebugTwelve4
DebugEmployeeIDException.java:

public class DebugEmployeeIDException extends Exception
{
   public DebugEmployeeIDException()
   {
      super("Debug employee exception");
   }
}

-----------------------------------------------------------
DebugTwelve4.java:

// An employee ID can't be more than 999
// Keep executing until user enters four valid employee IDs
// This program throws a FixDebugEmployeeIDException
import java.util.*;
public class DebugTwelve4
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
      String inStr, outString = "";
      final int MAX = 999;
      int[] emps = new int[4];
      int x;
      try
      {
      for(x = 0; x < emps.length; ++x)
      {
        System.out.println("Enter employee ID number");
         inStr = input.next();
         throw(new NumberFormatException("Number format exception"));
         {
            emps[x] = Integer.parseInt(inStr);
            if(emps[x] > MAX)
            {
               throw(new FixDebugEmployeeIDException("Number too high " + emps[x]));
            }
         }
      }

      }
      catch(NumberFormatException error)
         {
            --x;
            System.out.println(inStr + "\nNonnumeric ID");
         }
         catch(FixDebugEmployeeIDException error)
         {
        --x;
        System.out.println("FixDebugEmployeeIDException");
         }

      for(x = 0; x < emps.length; ++x);
      {
         outString = outString + emps[x] + " ";
      }
      System.out.println("Four valid IDS are: " + outString);
   }
}

A: Since you are writing all your codes in one method (main method), there is actually no need to throw any exceptions.
Typically, you throw an exception when you are chaining method calls and you do not want to handle the error there and then -> you throw it and propagate it back to the caller for caller to handle.
In the context of your question, you can just a simple if/else check within the loop to ensure that the input is never more than 999.
int[] employeeIds = new int[4]
final int _MAX_ = 999;

for (int i = 0 ; i < employeeIds.length; i++) {
  int input = sc.nextInt();
  if (input > _MAX_) {
    System.out.println("Invalid ID, please try again!");
    i--; // when invalid input, this ensures that the index stays the same
    continue;
  } else {
    employeeIds[i] = input;
  }
}

// loop through employeeIds and print your output

A: Below works for me.
public class DebugEmployeeIDException extends Exception
{
    public DebugEmployeeIDException()
    {
        super("Debug employee exception");
    }
    public DebugEmployeeIDException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

import java.util.*;
public class DebugTwelve4
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String inStr="", outString = "";
        final int MAX = 999;
        int[] emps = new int[4];
        int x=0;
        try
        {
            for(x = 0; x < emps.length; ++x)
            {
                System.out.println("Enter employee ID number");
                inStr = input.next();
                emps[x] = Integer.parseInt(inStr);
                if(emps[x] > MAX)
                {
                    throw new DebugEmployeeIDException("Number too high " + emps[x]);
                }
            }

        }
        catch(NumberFormatException error)
        {
            --x;
            System.out.println(inStr + "\nNonnumeric ID");
        }
        catch(DebugEmployeeIDException error)
        {
            --x;
            System.out.println("FixDebugEmployeeIDException");
        }

        for(x = 0; x < emps.length;x++)
        {
            outString = outString + emps[x] + " ";
        }
        System.out.println("Four valid IDS are: " + outString);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Associative array, values of the same key: get sums & averages of "sibling" values I'd like expand on the thread found at Associative array, sum values of the same key.

The OP asks:

Instead of having the key "Conference" repeating 3 times. I want to
  have it just once and sum the 3 values into one in order.

The answer given is:
 $sum = array_reduce($data, function ($a, $b) {
     isset($a[$b['event']]) ? $a[$b['event']]['budget'] += $b['budget'] : $a[$b['event']] = $b;
     return $a; });

I have an associative array with more than two values. I'd like to use a function like the one above, but have it sum all key values together, not just 'budget'.
Here is an example that reflects my situation:
The array is as follows:
$data = array(
   0 => array(
     'event' => 'Conference',
     'budget' => 3700,
     'people' => 200,
     'rate' => 3000,
  ),
  1 => array(
    'event' => 'Conference',
    'budget' => 500,
    'people' => 200,
    'rate' => 6000,
  ),
  2 => array(
    'event' => 'Showroom',
    'budget' => 1000,
    'people' => 400,
    'rate' => 30000,
  ),
  3 => array(
    'event' => 'Mission Chez client',
    'budget' => 2000,
    'people' => 200,
    'rate' => 3000,
  ),
  4 => array(
    'event' => 'Séminaire',
    'budget' => 700,
    'people' => 40,
    'rate' => 3000,
  ),
  5 => array(
    'event' => 'Livraison',
    'budget' => 4000,
    'people' => 2,
    'rate' => 3000,
  ),
  6 => array(
    'event' => 'Conference',
    'budget' => 334,
    'people' => 200,
    'rate' => 9000,
  ),
);

If I use the code above, I will be able to reduce 'Conference' to one entry, as follows:
[0] => Array
        (
            [event] => Conference
            [budget] => 4534
            [people] => 200
            [rate] => 5000
        )

The budget figure is correct. But the people figure isn't.
How could I get the sum of 'people' as well as 'budget', so that
[people] => 600?
Finally, is it possible to easily get an average value for 'rate'? So, for conference it would be ((3000+6000+9000) / 3 =  6000).
All in all, I'm seeking to organize the table to get a result like:
[0] => Array
            (
                [event] => Conference  // Key that appears multiple times
                [budget] => 4534  //Sum of all conference budget
                [people] => 600  //Sum of all conference people
                [rate] => 5000  //Average rate of conference
            )

A: Try
 $sum = array_reduce($data, function ($a, $b) {
     if (!isset($a[$b['event']])) {
          $a[$b['event']] = $b;
     } else {
         $a[$b['event']]['budget'] += $b['budget'];
         $a[$b['event']]['people'] += $b['people'];
         $a[$b['event']]['rate'] += $b['rate'];
     }
 return $a; });

For averages you could try:
 $sum = array_reduce($data, function ($a, $b) {
     if (!isset($a[$b['event']])) {
          $a[$b['event']] = $b;
          $a[$b['event']]['rate_count'] = 1;
          $a[$b['event']]['average_rate'] = array($b['rate']);
     } else {
         $a[$b['event']]['budget'] += $b['budget'];
         $a[$b['event']]['people'] += $b['people'];
         $a[$b['event']]['rate'] += $b['rate'];
         $a[$b['event']]['rate_count'] += 1;
         $a[$b['event']]['average_rate'] = $a[$b['event']]['rate'] / $a[$b['event']]['rate_count'];
     }
 return $a; });


text:
A common mission
Jonathan Naumann challenges some of the misconceptions about Lutherans and their attitude to the Catholic faith and sketches the particular witness of the Missouri Synod
If you don't know that much about Lutherans or Lutheranism, you could be forgiven for thinking that Lutheranism is a 'liberalizing' influence in Christendom today. If you were ignorant of its history, you might think of the Lutheran movement as the result of a rebellious monk being followed by even more rebellious modern counterparts. As a Lutheran pastor in Britain in the Eighties and Nineties, I remember fielding comments from people who had heard that the Lutheran church in Denmark was pioneering homosexual marriage long before it was making headlines in the English-speaking world. And didn't Lutheran state churches in Scandinavia pioneer women priests and other things now associated with 'progressive' Christianity?
Now that I serve in a culture that knows a lot about Lutherans (Pennsylvania), I still have to explain myself when I say that I am a Lutheran who complies with traditional Christian doctrine and practice. I compare the situation to that of a dysfunctional family.
In a dysfunctional family, you can easily picture the children divided between compliant children and rebellious children. In the Lutheran family, the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod (LCMS) are the compliant children. We do not go our own way. We are interested in conserving the heritage of historic belief that has come down to us through our Fathers in the faith. We are loyal to what is Catholic and ancient with an aversion to novelties in religion. We are compliant to the Scriptures, however unfashionable the apostolic word may sound to modern ears.
Part of the romantic trend in the nineteenth century, that included the Oxford Movement in Anglicanism, the Confessional Lutheran movement also sought to revive the venerable theology of the past. C.EW Walther and others revived the almost forgotten formularies and writings of the original Lutherans of the Reformation era. The founders of the LCMS fled Dresden Germany for St Louis specifically in order to practice freely the orthodox Lutheranism that was being persecuted by more progressive forces back in the German lands in the 1840s.
Even in the sixteenth century, the Lutheran Church was far more conservative than any of the new churches that sprang up in Europe. Like Luther himself, the Lutheran movement was not radically reformed. The argument of the Augsburg Confession of 1530 was that Lutheran churches were faithful to the Catholic faith, even though they disagreed with the administration of the Pope at the time, Leo X, who had excommunicated them for their disapproval of his 'indulgence sales' campaign.
Unlike radical Protestants, Lutherans did not go about smashing images, demolishing cathedrals, churches and monasteries. Nor did Lutherans give the sacraments a diminished role in their spirituality. Lutherans always upheld baptismal regeneration and the bodily presence of Christ in the Eucharist. The Lutheran catechism encourages private confession and absolution. Episcopal polity was difficult to maintain without the approval of the Roman hierarchy, but an ordained ministry served Lutherans through an unbroken succession of clergy, if not bishops.
Expansion and achievements
Today the LCMS is the largest of the Confessional Lutheran churches in the world. Originally German-speaking, most Missouri Synod Lutheran Churches use English, but some offer worship services in other languages. The Synod's website <www.lcms.org> highlights the churches' long history of reaching out to others. LCMS World Mission trains, sends and supports called career missionaries and appointed volunteer missionaries throughout the USA and in other countries. Ministry to African-Americans has been a solid part of the Synod for more than 100 years. In addition, our Library for the Blind produces sermons and devotional literature, and of the approximately 90 deaf congregations maintained by all religious denominations, more than 50 are members of the LCMS.
Well known for its emphasis on biblical doctrine and faithfulness to the historic Lutheran Confessions, the Synod also seeks new ways of proclaiming the Gospel. Concordia Publishing House is the nation's fourth-largest Protestant publisher. The Synod operates the world's oldest religious radio station, KFUO. Its programme, The Lutheran Hour, produced by the Synod's International Lutheran Laymen's League (LLL), has been aired in North America since 1930. The Lutheran Women's Missionary League (LWML), founded in 1942, serves as the Synod's auxiliary for women and has been a leader in supporting missionary outreach in many areas.
Unlike many other churches, the LCMS has never been involved in a major merger. It is a member of the International Lutheran Council, but it does not belong to the Lutheran World Federation, to the National Council of Churches or to the World Council of Churches. The LCMS is in Altar and Pulpit Fellowship with more than 25 Partner Churches.
Sharing the faith
The Synod has always had a great emphasis on education. In fact, its earliest congregations built schools before they built churches. In the LCMS there are ten colleges, two seminaries, 91 high schools and the nation's second-largest parochial elementary school system. The LCMS has congregations in all sections of the USA, but the heaviest concentration of its membership continues to lie in the Midwest.
The Synod has built and maintains a large network of Lutheran hospitals, nursing homes, human care and adoption agencies to serve the sick, the elderly, victims of abuse, those struggling with addictions, and many others coping with difficult situations and transitions in life.
LCMS dioceses, called 'districts', assist its congregations in developing and fostering vibrant ministries to bring the saving, life-giving Gospel of Jesus Christ to people today. The district in which I serve is the non-geographical 'English District' - an unintentional tribute to my background in the Lutheran church in England, one of the LCMS's sister churches in which I was ordained 25 years ago.
As with many compliant children in dysfunctional families, orthodox Lutherans deserve more credit than they get. But that is a cross we bear, whether as Lutherans or Anglicans, in a hostile world carrying out a common mission to share the life-giving Catholic faith from the past into the years ahead.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
REEL COWBOYS OF WESTERN CINEMA: Charles Starrett
REEL COWBOYS OF WESTERN CINEMA
A Century of Silver Screen Heroes on Horseback
No. 18 in the Series
By Gary Eugene Brown
Born into a life of privilege, he was able to attend exclusive prep schools. Being the grandson of a wealthy industrialist, he didn't want for anything. He obtained a degree in Philosophy from an Ivy League college. His prowess on the football field, led to a small movie part, thus beginning his journey to Hollywood. After a few years starring in low budget, Hollywood melodramas, he was offered the opportunity to become a major studio's number one cowboy star. He remained with them for an unbelievable seventeen years. A particular screen role later on called for him to play a cowboy hero who wore a mask so as not to hinder his pursuit of justice in the old West. At the conclusion of the Saturday matinee, the triumphant knight on horseback would ride off into the sunset. As he rode out of sight, the townsfolk's would utter, sometimes in unison – "Who was that masked man?" The Lone Ranger – No! He was and is the DURANGO KID, also known as:
CHARLES STARRETT
Charles Starrett was born on March 28, 1904 to Frank and Nina Starrett in Athol, Massachusetts. Athol is a small river town, Northwest of Boston. Charles was the youngest of nine children. His father died when he was only 9 months old. His grandfather Laroy S. Starrett, a farmer from Maine, turned inventor, established the L.S. Starrett Company, a precision tool manufacturer, which still exists today. L.S. Starrett exerted pressure on his daughter-in-law to allow Charles and his brother to be raised by their Aunt and Uncle on a farm in Maine. Charles learned how to ride horseback on the farm, which would assist him in his future endeavors; however he lamented: "I really missed my mother something awful." Later, he would enroll in the Mitchell Military School in 1913 and then the prestigious Worcester Academy (est. 1834) in Worcester MA from 1915 to 1922. Charles became the President of the Drama Club, played football, ran track and was Captain of the swim team. Charles recalled his time at Worcester, as noted in Bobby J. Copeland's CHARLES "DURANGO" STARRETT, The Mysterious Avenger: "I spent five of the happiest years of my life at Worcester; it was like my second home. The atmosphere was really great. I had good, conscientious teachers. It was a fine environment and good training to become a man."
Dartmouth, located in Hanover, New Hampshire, was where Charley (his preferred name) went to college. He was a frat guy (Psi Upsilon) and excelled at sports: track, swimming and football. The 1925 Dartmouth football team was a national power house. They were undefeated with an 8 – 0 record. At 6'2, 180 lbs, Charley was the starting fullback and was a two way player. Charley said Dartmouth turned down the invitation to play #1 ranked Washington in the 1926 Rose Bowl and Alabama accepted. His close friend later on in Hollywood, cowboy star Johnny Mack Brown played for the Crimson Tide and was the Rose Bowl's MVP. Charley liked to tell folks that if Dartmouth hadn't declined the invitation, Johnny may have gone undiscovered. Type casting enabled him to play a bit part as a football player in a Richard Dix movie The Quarterback in 1926. Other football team cast members were future character actor and bad guy Barton McLane and Bob Allen, more information regarding Mr. Allen to follow.
Charley had been active in school plays which led to his pursuing a stage career. On a personal note, in 1927, he married "a hometown girl" by the name of Mary McKinnon. In 1929, on their second anniversary, according to Charley: "….I was doing a play called Cradle in the Deep. Well shortly before the curtain call, I was told I was the father of twins. It didn't quite sink in for a while, but when it did, I rushed through my lines so fast that the play was shortened by some 12 minutes. Later on, a talent scout saw him perform on the Broadway stage which led to a film test and a motion picture contract. Charley recalled: "….Paramount had an Eastern studio in Flushing, NY (part of the Queens borough). I made my first picture there (2nd lead role). It was called Damaged Love (World Wide – 1930), which sounds like a pornographic picture, but it wasn't."
Charles Starrett went to Hollywood where he was in several low budget melodramas, often cast as the cocktail party, tux and tails, high society type. A few of the 32 films he made before being cast as a western hero are worth noting. Charley was cast in a major supporting role in the sinister The Mask of Fu Manchu (1932) starring Boris Karloff, with Lewis Stone and Myrna Loy. As an aside, Charley recalled almost having a car wreck in 1931 when he drove by Boris Karloff's home: "There in a beautiful garden was the Monster itself (still in costume) tenderly watering the roses." "It was quite a sight – Frankenstein watering flowers." Charley also costarred with Hollywood's beloved Will Rogers in Mr. Skitch (1933). The Return of Casey Jones (Monogram, 1933) was his opportunity to play the main lead in a railroad movie. His boyhood dream was to become a train engineer. He recalled: "When I was a boy, my brother and I would watch the little narrow-gauge train go by, and every time we would wave, the engineer would blow the whistle and wave back at us….I didn't even know him, and he was a hero to me."
Charley was the main star in several forgettable films from 1930 to 1935, however his first starring role in The Viking (Paramount, 1931), also known as White Thunder, is most remembered for another reason. The film was based on the massive, annual seal hunting ventures off the coast of Newfoundland. The producer Varick Frissell, age 28, Yale graduate, and grandson of the founder of the Fifth Avenue Bank, hired George Melford to direct the film, A.G Penrod was the cinematographer and Charles Starrett cast in the lead role. It was also the first Hollywood sound film made in Canada. After an initial screening of the movie on March 5, 1931, Frissel decided they needed to add additional background footage in the Labrador ice flows. As such, Frissell and Penrod headed up a return expedition to Newfoundland. The director Melford and Starrett were not needed so they remained stateside. On March 15, 1931, the SS Viking became stuck in the ice. Dynamite which was stored in the SS Viking to help free ships from such a situation suddenly exploded killing Varrick, Penrod and 25 other film and ship crew members from a total of 147 on board. It was the largest loss of life in the production of a Hollywood motion picture. The ship sank shortly after the survivors were able to make it to safety on the ice flows. Varrick Frissell's body was never found. A documentary White Thunder (2004), regarding the making of The Viking, also contains a pristine, restored complete print of the film The Viking starring 28 year old Charles Starrett, in the Special Features section. It's a worthy feature for film historians to see. Fortunately, Charles Starrett who was at obvious risk while making the film was spared that tragic fate.
In 1933, Charles Starrett joined fellow cinema thespians in the formation of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG). They were not a popular group in the eyes of studio moguls. However, the actors felt that in some cases they were akin to being laborers in a Chinese Laundry. Charley (30) was the youngest of the founding group and the eldest was C. Aubrey Smith (70). Others included the first SAG President Ralph Morgan, Alan Mowbray, Boris Karloff, Lyle Talbot, James and Lucille Gleason, Leon Ames and Lyle Talbot, among a few others. According to Bob Wolter, cowboy film enthusiast and a visitor to the Starrett home in Laguna Beach during the early 80s, "Charley was proud that he had SAG Member Card #10".
Charles Starrett signed with Columbia Studios in 1935. They were looking for someone to be their lead cowboy star to replace Tim McCoy. His first western film was Gallant Defender (1935), filmed in Placerita Canyon in Newhall (Santa Clarita). It also was the first B western film featuring the Sons of the Pioneers. The musical group, which included Bob Nolan, Leonard Sly (Roy Rogers), Tim Spencer and the Farr Brothers (Hugh and Karl), would be cast in several Starrett westerns. The Mysterious Avenger (1936) would follow, and then the Columbia film crew went to Canada to shoot Secret Patrol (1936), a RCMP tale. His next film Along Came Love (Paramount, 1936) with actress Irene Hervey would be his last non-western movie.
Charles Starrett later reflected on the routine of making B cowboy movies. "It was tough making Westerns. I got up at 5 o'clock to be on location about 6:30, so we could start shooting at 7:00 to get all the sunlight possible. We even worked Saturdays and usually put in 70-80 hours a week – but I surely enjoyed making them." He was also well paid…..$1000 per day. In an interview with Charley Starrett by James Horwitz for his book They Went Thataway, Starrett shared that the "publicity department and the studio heads decided, since you were a piece of property, that they were going to mold you into an image that they wanted, not necessarily what you wanted." "I only agreed to do the Westerns for two years, but they caught on, and it went on for seventeen years." "I did about fifty or sixty of them (Durango Kid films). And you know, after the first ten it was like doing the same story over again." "You were like a ball player, and you did whatever the manager said." It became akin to an assembly line production. However, Charles Starrett was very successful in Hollywood. He was in the Top Ten Motion Herald Poll Ranking of cowboy movie stars every year from 1937 to 1952. George N. Fenin and William K. Everson in their book The Western from Silents to Cinerama said "…in the mid-Thirties Columbia introduced some new Western stars, of whom Charles Starrett was the best and also the longest to survive." The authors named The Cowboy Star (1936) and Secret Patrol (1936) as being stand outs and Two Gun Law (1937) as being "interesting and enjoyable."
Columbia had signed Bob Allen to costar in three Tim McCoy westerns (second billing) and then he began to star in his own movies. However, today the films of Bob "Tex" Allen are often overlooked. The six degrees of separation theory was in play in that Bob Allen (Ted Baehr Sr.) was also a Dartmouth graduate. Like Starrett, Bob Allen was an athlete and Charley, according to Allen's son, was the one who helped his father obtain a part in The Quarterback. Bob Allen was in a series of six Texas Rangers films (1936-1937). He was an accomplished horseman, having been with the Calvary unit at the New York Military Academy. The Bob Allen films hold their own with any of the B Westerns of that era. Allen went on to have a successful career as a stage actor on Broadway and later in television. His son, Ted Baehr Jr. is the CEO of movieguide.org, a faith based organization that reviews all films for family friendly content.
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text:
WikiMili
City in Egypt
أسوان (Arabic)
Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ (Coptic)
Counter Clockwise from top:
Aga Khan Mausoleum, Khattarah Bridge, Aswan Fatimid Cemetery, Elephantine Island, Nubian Museum, Aswan Old Town Souk
Location within Egypt
Coordinates: 24°05′20″N32°53′59″E / 24.08889°N 32.89972°E / 24.08889; 32.89972 Coordinates: 24°05′20″N32°53′59″E / 24.08889°N 32.89972°E / 24.08889; 32.89972
Governorate
UTC+2 (EST)
(+20) 97
Aswan ( /æsˈwɑːn,ɑːs-/ , also US: /ˈæswɑːn,ˈɑːs-,ˈæz-/ ; [1] [2] [3] [4] Arabic : أسوان, romanized: ʾAswān [ʔɑsˈwɑːn] ; Coptic : Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ, romanized: Souan) is a city in the south of Egypt, and is the capital of the Aswan Governorate.
Other spellings and variations
Archaeological findings
Twin towns/Sister cities
Aswan is a busy market and tourist centre located just north of the Aswan Dam on the east bank of the Nile at the first cataract. The modern city has expanded and includes the formerly separate community on the island of Elephantine.
The city is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network in the category of craft and folk art. [5]
Aswan was formerly spelled Assuan or Assouan. Spellings in other languages include Egyptian Arabic : أسوان, romanized: ʾAswān; Ancient Egyptian: Swenett; Coptic : Ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ, romanized: Souan; Ancient Greek : Συήνη, romanized: Suēnē.
swnt.t
in hieroglyphs
Aswan is the ancient city of Swenett, later known as Syene, which in antiquity was the frontier town of Ancient Egypt facing the south. Swenett is supposed to have derived its name from an Egyptian goddess with the same name. [6] This goddess later was identified as Eileithyia by the Greeks and Lucina by the Romans during their occupation of Ancient Egypt because of the similar association of their goddesses with childbirth, and of which the import is "the opener". The ancient name of the city also is said to be derived from the Egyptian symbol for "trade", [7] or "market". [8]
Because the Ancient Egyptians oriented themselves toward the origin of the life-giving waters of the Nile in the south, and as Swenett was the southernmost town in the country, Egypt always was conceived to "open" or begin at Swenett. [6] The city stood upon a peninsula on the right (east) bank of the Nile, immediately below (and north of) the first cataract of the flowing waters, which extend to it from Philae. Navigation to the delta was possible from this location without encountering a barrier.
The stone quarries of ancient Egypt located here were celebrated for their stone, and especially for the granitic rock called Syenite. They furnished the colossal statues, obelisks, and monolithal shrines that are found throughout Egypt, including the pyramids; and the traces of the quarrymen who worked in these 3,000 years ago are still visible in the native rock. They lie on either bank of the Nile, and a road, 6.5 km (4.0 mi) in length, was cut beside them from Syene to Philae.
Swenett was equally important as a military station as a place of traffic. Under every dynasty it was a garrison town; and here tolls and customs were levied on all boats passing southwards and northwards. Around 330, the legion stationed here received a bishop from Alexandria; this later became the Coptic Diocese of Syene. [9] The city is mentioned by numerous ancient writers, including Herodotus, [10] Strabo, [11] Stephanus of Byzantium, [12] Ptolemy, [13] Pliny the Elder, [14] Vitruvius, [15] and it appears on the Antonine Itinerary. [16] It may also be mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel and the Book of Isaiah. [17]
View from the west bank of the Nile, islands, and Aswan
The latitude of the city that would become Aswan – located at 24° 5′ 23″ – was an object of great interest to the ancient geographers. They believed that it was seated immediately under the tropic, and that on the day of the summer solstice, a vertical staff cast no shadow. They noted that the sun's disc was reflected in a well at noon. This statement is only approximately correct; at the summer solstice, the shadow was only 1⁄400 of the staff, and so could scarcely be discerned, and the northern limb of the Sun's disc would be nearly vertical. However, Eratosthenes used this information together with measurements of the shadow length on the solstice at Alexandria to perform the first known calculation of the circumference of the Earth.
The Nile is nearly 650 m (0.40 mi) wide above Aswan. From this frontier town to the northern extremity of Egypt, the river flows for more than 1,200 km (750 mi) without bar or cataract. The voyage from Aswan to Alexandria usually took 21 to 28 days in favourable weather.
Archaeologists have discovered 35 mummified remains of Egyptians in a tomb in Aswan in 2019. Italian archaeologist Patrizia Piacentini, professor of Egyptology at the University of Milan, and Khaled El-Enany, the Egyptian minister of antiquities reported that the tomb where the remains of ancient men, women and children were found, dates back to the Greco-Roman period between 332 BC and 395 AD. While the findings assumed belonging to a mother and a child were well preserved, others had suffered major destruction. Beside the mummies, artefacts including painted funerary masks, vases of bitumen used in mummification, pottery and wooden figurines were revealed. Thanks to the hieroglyphics on the tomb, it was detected that the tomb belongs to a tradesman named Tjit. [18] [19] [20]
"It's a very important discovery because we added something to the history of Aswan that was missing. We knew about tombs and necropoli dating back to the second and third millennium, but we didn't know where the people who lived in the last part of the Pharaoh era were. Aswan, on the southern border of Egypt, was also a very important trading city" Piacentini said. [18] [19] [20]
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Aswan has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) like the rest of Egypt. Aswan and Luxor have the hottest summer days of any city in Egypt. Aswan is one of the hottest, sunniest and driest cities in the world. Average high temperatures are consistently above 40 °C (104.0 °F) during summer (June, July, August and also September) while average low temperatures remain above 25 °C (77.0 °F). Summers are long, prolonged and extremely hot. Average high temperatures remain above 23 °C (73.4 °F) during the coldest month of the year while average low temperatures remain above 8 °C (46.4 °F). Winters are short, brief and extremely warm. Wintertime is very pleasant and enjoyable while summertime is unbearably hot with blazing sunshine although desert heat is dry.
The climate of Aswan is extremely dry year-round, with less than 1 mm (0 in) of average annual precipitation. The desert city is one of the driest ones in the world, and rainfall doesn't occur every year, as of early 2001, the last rain there was seven years earlier. Aswan is one of the least humid cities on the planet, with an average relative humidity of only 26%, with a maximum mean of 42% during winter and a minimum mean of 16% during summer.
The weather of Aswan is extremely clear, bright and sunny year-round, in all seasons, with a low seasonal variation, with almost 4,000 hours of annual sunshine, very close to the maximum theoretical sunshine duration. Aswan is one of the sunniest places on Earth.
The highest record temperature was 51 °C (124 °F) on July 4, 1918, and the lowest record temperature was −2.4 °C (27.7 °F) on January 6, 1989. [21]
Climate data for Aswan, Egypt
Record high °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Average rainfall mm (inches)
(0.00) 0
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 mm)
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.25 0.0 0.0 0.85
Average relative humidity (%)
40 32 24 19 17 16 18 21 22 27 36 42 26.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours
298.2 281.1 321.6 316.1 346.8 363.2 374.6 359.6 298.3 314.6 299.6 289.1 3,862.8
Source #1: World Meteorological Organization , [22]
Source #2: NOAA for mean temperatures, humidity, and sun, [23] Meteo Climat (extremes 1918–present) [21]
In 1999, South Valley University was inaugurated and it has three branches; Aswan, Qena and Hurghada. The university grew steadily and now it is firmly established as a major institution of higher education in Upper Egypt. Aswan branch of Assiut University began in 1973 with the Faculty of Education and in 1975 the Faculty of Science was opened. Aswan branch has five faculties namely; Science, Education, Engineering, Arts, Social Works and Institute of Energy. The Faculty of Science in Aswan has six departments. Each department has one educational programme: Chemistry, Geology, Physics and Zoology. Except Botany Department, which has three educational programmes: Botany, Environmental Sciences and Microbiology; and Mathematics Department, which has two educational programmes: Mathematics and Computer Science. The Faculty of Science awards the following degrees: Bachelor of Science in nine educational programmes, Higher Diploma, Master of Science and Philosophy Doctor of Science. Aswan also has Aswan Higher Institute of Social Work that was established in 1975 making it the oldest private higher institute of Social Work in Upper Egypt
Aswan is served by the Aswan International Airport. Train and bus service is also available. Taxi and rickshaw are used for transport here.
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Egypt
Aswan is twinned with:
Sonoma, California, United States
Archangel Michael's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral, built in the Coptic style
El-Tabia Mosque in Aswan
The Lotus-Tower near Aswan
Nubia Museum entrance
Fatimid Cemetery
Unfinished Obelisk in Aswan
Monastery of St. Simeon
A street parallel to Corniche in Aswan
Aswan Bridge
Aswan Botanical Garden
Aswan Courthouse
Aswan souq
Aswan station
Gharb Seheil
Nubian village in Elephantine Island
Qubbet el-Hawa
Feluccas in Aswan
A view along the street connecting the railway station and the Nile
Wadi Allaqi national park
Aswan Dam
El Nabatat Island
Temple of Kalabsha
Tombs of Nobles in Aswan
Banu Kanz
Coptic Diocese of Syene
Related Research Articles
Luxor is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt and the capital of Luxor Governorate. The population numbers 506,535, with an area of approximately 417 square kilometres (161 sq mi).
Articles related to Egypt include:
Elephantine is an island on the Nile, forming part of the city of Aswan in Upper Egypt. There are archaeological sites on the island.
Al-Maris was a Medieval Arabic name for Lower Nubia, the region of the Nile around the first and second cataracts, including Aswan. Because most of the sources for Nubian history during the period are in Arabic, it is sometimes used interchangeably with the Nubian region of Nobadia. The northern section of al-Maris was part of Fatimid Upper Egypt and was semi-independent under the Kanz ad-Dawla between 1046 and 1077 AD. The Kanz ad-Dawla Nasir invaded Nubia in 1066 but was repulsed and his territory raided.
The Thebaid or Thebais was a region of ancient Egypt, which comprised the thirteen southernmost nomes of Upper Egypt, from Abydos to Aswan.
Philae is an island in the reservoir of the Aswan Low Dam, downstream of the Aswan Dam and Lake Nasser, Egypt. Philae was originally located near the expansive First Cataract of the Nile in Upper Egypt and was the site of an Egyptian temple complex. These rapids and the surrounding area have been variously flooded since the initial construction of the Aswan Low Dam in 1902. The temple complex was dismantled and moved to nearby Agilkia Island as part of the UNESCO Nubia Campaign project, protecting this and other complexes before the 1970 completion of the Aswan High Dam. The hieroglyphic reliefs of the temple complex are being studied and published by the Philae Temple Text Project of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna.
Cats in ancient Egypt were represented in social and religious practices of Ancient Egypt for more than 3000 years. Several Ancient Egyptian deities were depicted and sculptured with cat-like heads such as Mafdet, Bastet and Sekhmet, representing justice, fertility and power. The deity Mut was also depicted as a cat and in the company of a cat.
Qubbet el-Hawa is a site on the western bank of the Nile, opposite Aswan. The name is derived from the dome of the tomb of an Islamic sheikh, but archaeologically, it is usually understood as referring to the site of the tombs of the officials lined up on artificial terraces below the summit of the Nile bank upon which the Islamic tomb stands.
Sehel Island is located in the Nile, about 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Aswan in southern Egypt. It is a large island, and is roughly halfway between the city and the upstream Aswan Low Dam.
The Cataracts of the Nile are shallow lengths of the Nile River, between Khartoum and Aswan, where the surface of the water is broken by many small boulders and stones jutting out of the river bed, as well as many rocky islets. In some places, these stretches are punctuated by whitewater, while at others the water flow is smoother, but still shallow.
Benha /'benhæ/, also spelled Banha , is the capital of the Qalyubia Governorate in north-eastern Egypt. Located between the capital of Cairo and Alexandria, Benha is an important transport hub in the Nile Delta, as rail lines from Cairo to various cities in the Nile Delta pass through Benha.
Bigeh is an island and archaeological site situated along the Nile River in historic Nubia, and within the Aswan Governorate of southern Egypt. The island has been situated in the reservoir of the Old Aswan Dam, since the dam's initial completion in 1902.
Asyut is the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate in Egypt, which has one of the largest Coptic Catholic bishopric churches in the country; the ancient city of the same name, which is situated nearby. The modern city is located at 27°11′00″N31°10′00″E, while the ancient city is located at 27°10′00″N31°08′00″E.
The Blemmyes were a nomadic tribal kingdom that existed from at least 600 BC to the 3rd century AD in northern Nubia. They were described in Roman histories of the Later Roman Empire, with the Emperor Diocletian enlisting Nobatae mercenaries from the Western Desert oases to safeguard Aswan, the empire's southern frontier, from raids by the Blemmyes. The Beja are considered by some historians to be their modern descendants.
Articles related to Modern Egypt include:
Shellal is a small ancient village on the banks of the Nile, south of Aswan in Upper Egypt. It was the traditional northern frontier of the Nubian region with both the Egyptian Empire and the Roman Empire. During the period of ancient Egypt, it was a very important quarry area for granite production. Nowadays it is possible to see some unfinished granite works on the site ; some of the objects on display include incomplete statues of Osiris and Ramesses II and unfinished Roman baths.
Nubia is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between Aswan in southern Egypt and Khartoum in central Sudan. It was the seat of one of the earliest civilizations of ancient Africa, as the Kerma culture lasted from around 2500 BCE until its conquest by the New Kingdom of Egypt under pharaoh Thutmose I around 1500 BCE. Nubia was home to several empires, most prominently the kingdom of Kush, which conquered Egypt during the 8th century BC during the reign of Piye and ruled the country as its Twenty-fifth Dynasty.
Abu Simbel is a village in the Egyptian part of Nubia, about 240 kilometers southwest of Aswan and near the border with Sudan. As of 2012, it has about 2600 inhabitants. It is best known as the site of the Abu Simbel temples, which were built by King Ramses II.
Ta-Seti was the first nome of Upper Egypt, one of 42 nomoi in Ancient Egypt. Ta-Seti also marked the border area towards Nubia.
The Triakontaschoinos, Latinized as Triacontaschoenus, was a geographical and administrative term used in the Greco-Roman world for the part of Lower Nubia between the First and Second Cataracts of the Nile, which formed a buffer zone between Egypt and later Rome on the one hand and Meroe on the other hand. The northern part of this area, stretching from the First Cataract south to Maharraqa was known as the Dodekaschoinos or Dodecaschoenus. In the Ptolemaic and Roman periods the Dodekaschoinos was often annexed to Egypt or controlled from it, and the rest of the Triakontaschoinos sometimes was as well.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Aswan" . Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray.
↑ "Aswan". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2014. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
↑ "Aswan". Collins English Dictionary . HarperCollins. Archived from the original on April 3, 2019. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
↑ "Aswan" Archived 2019-04-03 at the Wayback Machine (US) and "Aswan". Oxford Dictionaries . Oxford University Press . Retrieved April 3, 2019.
↑ "Aswân". Merriam-Webster Dictionary . Retrieved April 3, 2019.
↑ Smith, Melanie K. (2016). Issues in cultural tourism studies. Routledge. ISBN 9781138785694. OCLC 932058870.
1 2 Baines, John; Malek, Jaromir (March 1983). Atlas of Ancient Egypt (Cultural Atlas) . New York, NY: Facts On File Inc. p. 240. ISBN 9780871963345.
↑ Suʻād Māhir (1966). Muhafazat Al Gumhuriya Al Arabiya Al Mutaheda wa Asaraha al baqiah fi al asr al islamim. Majlis al-Aʻlá lil-Shu'ūn al-Islāmīyah.
↑ James Henry Breasted (1912). A History of Egypt, from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest. Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 7. Archived from the original on 2011-11-21. Retrieved 2015-04-27.
↑ Dijkstra, J. Harm F. Religious Encounters on the Southern Egyptian Frontier in Late Antiquity (AD 298-642) Archived 2009-07-04 at the Wayback Machine .
↑ (ii. 30)
↑ (ii. p. 133, xvii. p. 797, seq.)
↑ (s. v.)
↑ (vii. 5. § 15, viii. 15. § 15)
↑ (ii. 73. s. 75, v. 10. s. 11, vi. 29. s. 34)
↑ ( De architectura , book viii. ch ii. § 6)
↑ (p. 164)
↑ Ezekiel 29:10, 30:6; Isaiah 49:12
1 2 Giuffrida, Angela (2019-04-24). "Mummified remains of 35 ancient Egyptians found in Aswan". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 2019-07-25. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
1 2 Dixon, Emily (2019-04-25). "At least 34 mummies found in hidden Egyptian tomb". CNN Travel. Archived from the original on 2019-07-25. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
1 2 "Egyptian necropolis with 35 mummies found - Culture". ANSAMed. 2019-04-23. Archived from the original on 2019-07-25. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
1 2 "Station Aswan" (in French). Meteo Climat. Archived from the original on July 13, 2019. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
↑ "Weather Information for Asswan". Archived from the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved August 31, 2012.
↑ "Asswan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved January 30, 2015.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aswan .
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Aswan .
Ancient Aswan City
Egyptian cities and towns by population
Shubra El Kheima
Bilbeis
Faiyum
Imbaba
Kom Ombo
Benha
Desouk
Kafr El Dawwar
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Qena
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Sohag
<99,999
Ain Sokhna
Akhmim
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Esna
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New Nubariya
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Talkha
Governorates capitals of Egypt
Governorate (capital)
Alexandria (Alexandria)
Aswan (Aswan)
Asyut (Asyut)
Beheira (Damanhur)
Beni Suef (Beni Suef)
Cairo (Cairo)
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Faiyum (Faiyum)
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Giza (Giza)
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text:
Q: spark iterate consecutive elements in list to rows I have a spark rdd with a column like
List(1, 3, 4, 8)
List(2, 3)
List(1, 5, 6)
I would like to get a new rdd with consecutive elements in each list to rows, like
(1, 3)
(3, 4)
(4, 8)
(2, 3)
(1, 5)
(5, 6)
How can I achieve this with scala?

A: Consider:

*

*using a complementary (plain Scala) function with signature List[Int] => List[(Int, Int)] to achieve the desired result for the single list
and

*passing this function to your RDD's flatMap method.
This complementary function may look like this:
def makeTuples(l: List[Int],
               acc: List[(Int, Int)] = List.empty): List[(Int, Int)] =
  l match {
    case Nil | _ :: Nil => acc.reverse
    case a :: b :: rest => makeTuples(b :: rest, (a, b) :: acc)
  }


Just saw this post that the NY Times Reader for the Mac is available - I'm interested in seeing how the Silverlight version works. I've been using the WPF version for the Seattle Post-Intelligencer and really like the ease of reading articles. I'd like to see some research journals and magazines adopt this model as well.
The NY Times has now released a beta edition of the Times Reader for the Mac. What's interesting about this version is that it is built using Silverlight in combination with Cocoa (the native Mac programming language), and the Safari WebKit. The application runs as a stand alone desktop application on the Mac and is very similar to the WPF PC version. Tim Heuer posted about it on his blog. The NY Times folks have shared some technical details over on their blog.


text:
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Home United States Shock arrest for murder of Microsoft executive 'executed' in front of daughter
Shock arrest for murder of Microsoft executive 'executed' in front of daughter
An arrest has been made in the brutal murder of Microsoft executive Jared Bridegan, who authorities say was executed in front of his young daughter last February.
Investigators in Florida have announced the arrest of Henry Tenon, 61, in connection with the murder of Bridegan, 33, who was shot in cold blood on February 16, 2022.
Microsoft executive Jared Bridegan was shot on February 16, 2022 in front of his then-two-year-old daughter on a Florida roadCredit: Facebook/Jared Bridegan
Suspect Henry Tenon, 61, was arrested in connection with the death of Jared BrideganCredits: Jacksonville Police Department
At the time of his murder, Bridegan's wife, Kristen, was home with their then seven-month-old daughter, London.Credit: Facebook/Jared Bridegan
Tenon has been charged with first-degree murder, conspiracy to commit murder, child abuse and complicity in a capital felony after the fact.
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Investigators have not released a motive behind the murder, but suspect Tenon "didn't act alone," Attorney Melissa Nelson said.
While officials said Tenon was not acting alone, they also declined to say whether they had any information linking him to Shanna Gardner-Fernandez, Bridegan's ex-wife, or her new husband, Mario Fernandez, who was previously suspected in the investigation. case were mentioned.
"We hope to be able to give you more answers, even if we can't today," said Gene Paul Smith, Jacksonville Beach police chief.
Authorities described the killing as a "planned, targeted ambush and assassination".
During Wednesday's press conference, Florida officials stated that the case is active and ongoing.
See also Chicago man sentenced to 31 years for deliberately driving SUV into stranger's van, killing man
Bridegan, a father of four, was found shot to death on a Florida road after dropping his twins off at his ex-wife's home in Jacksonville Beach.
The case has long baffled investigators after it was revealed that the Microsoft executive had stopped when he spotted a tape in the middle of a remote stretch of road.
After Bridegan stopped his car to take the tire off the road, an unknown gunman – who police believe is Tenon – opened fire, killing the father in cold blood.
Bridegan's then-two-year-old daughter, Bexley, was in the vehicle and watched from the back seat.
The traumatized toddler sat in the car with her father's dead body for three minutes until someone came by and noticed.
Investigators suspected that the father had been lured out of his car by his killer.
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At the time, his wife, Kirsten Bridegan, was home with their then seven-month-old daughter London.
Bridegan and his ex-wife divorced in 2016, but the relationship was in turmoil over finances and custody of their twins.
According to TUSEN News, Gardner-Fernandez, 35, has since moved 2,800 miles from Florida to West Richland, Washington.
Bridegan's widow was stunned to learn how far Gardner-Fernandez had moved.
"Honestly, I was shocked," she told TUSEN News on Monday.
"First the twins lost their father, then they were completely cut off from their own sisters and now they are being taken away from their school, friends, their sports teams.
"They're so isolated, and that's what worries me," she added.
Bridegan had custody of his 10-year-old twins every other week, but after his death, his ex-wife ended all contact with his family, Kristen told the outlet.
"It's been an additional loss," she told TUSEN News.
"In addition to losing Jared, my kids have lost their siblings. I've lost my stepchildren. I've been trying to connect for months and months, but I'm getting nowhere."
The Jacksonville Beach Police Department has released video of a truck related to the Bridegan murder investigationCredit: Jacksonville Beach Police Department
Police believe the father of four was lured out of his car with a tire on the roadCredit: Jacksonville Beach Police Department
Jared Bridegan's ex-wife Shanna Gardner-FernandezCredit: Facebook
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Irvine, Calif., Dec. 8, 2015 — Don't put that controller down just yet. Playing three-dimensional video games – besides being lots of fun – can boost the formation of memories, according to University of California, Irvine neurobiologists.
For their research, Craig Stark and Dane Clemenson of UCI's Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory recruited non-gamer college students to play either a video game with a passive, two-dimensional environment ("Angry Birds") or one with an intricate, 3-D setting ("Super Mario 3D World") for 30 minutes per day over two weeks.
Before and after the two-week period, the students took memory tests that engaged the brain's hippocampus, the region associated with complex learning and memory. They were given a series of pictures of everyday objects to study. Then they were shown images of the same objects, new ones and others that differed slightly from the original items and asked to categorize them. Recognition of the slightly altered images requires the hippocampus, Stark said, and his earlier research had demonstrated that the ability to do this clearly declines with age. This is a large part of why it's so difficult to learn new names or remember where you put your keys as you get older.
In previous studies on rodents, postdoctoral scholar Clemenson and others showed that exploring the environment resulted in the growth of new neurons that became entrenched in the hippocampus' memory circuit and increased neuronal signaling networks. Stark noted some commonalities between the 3-D game the humans played and the environment the rodents explored – qualities lacking in the 2-D game.
"It's quite possible that by explicitly avoiding a narrow focus on a single … cognitive domain and by more closely paralleling natural experience, immersive video games may be better suited to provide enriching experiences that translate into functional gains," Stark said.
The next step for him and his colleagues is to determine if environmental enrichment – either through 3-D video games or real-world exploration experiences – can reverse the hippocampal-dependent cognitive deficits present in older populations. This effort is funded by a $300,000 Dana Foundation grant.


text:
Населені пункти та їхні частини
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Ґужно Бродницького повіту Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Воля-Мисловська Луківського повіту Люблінського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Сулехув Зеленогурського повіту Любуського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Задзім Поддембицького повіту Лодзинського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Водзеради Ласького повіту Лодзинського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Велюнь Велюнського повіту Лодзинського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Белхатув Белхатовського повіту Лодзинського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Кльвув Пшисуського повіту Мазовецького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Любша Бжезького повіту Опольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Кавенчин Турецького повіту Великопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — село в гміні Тулішкув Турецького повіту Великопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Клодзько в Клодзькому повіті Нижньосілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Накло-над-Нотецем в Накельському повіті Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Бохня в Бохенському повіті Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Краків в Малопольському воєводстві
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Рабка-Здруй в Новотарзькому повіті Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Суха-Бескидзька в Суському повіті Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Радом в Мазовецькому воєводстві
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Прушкув у Опольському повіті Опольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Міколув у Міколовському повіті Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина міста Добжиця в Плешевському повіті Великопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ковалево в гміні Шубін Накельського повіту Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Закшевська-Осада в гміні Венцборк Семполенського повіту Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Сільно в гміні Оброво Торунського повіту Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Сарнув у гміні Станін Луківського повіту Люблінського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Тшицеж у гміні Коженна Новосондецького повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Фридриховиці в гміні Вепш Вадовицького повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Бядоліни-Радловські в гміні Войнич Тарновського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ґералтовиці в гміні Вепш Вадовицького повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Нідек у гміні Вепш Вадовицького повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Журова в гміні Шежини Тарновського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Вітановиці в гміні Томіце Вадовицького повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ястшембя в гміні Ценжковіце Тарновського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Крулювка в гміні Новий Вісьнич Бохенського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Кобилець у гміні Лапанув Бохенського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Рибна в гміні Черніхув Краківського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ліхвін у гміні Плесьна Тарновського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Мухувка в гміні Новий Вісьнич Бохенського повіту Малопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Рокитниця (Рокетниця) в гміні Рокитниця Ярославського повіту Підкарпатського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Мощениця в гміні Хойніце Хойницького повіту Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Бренна в гміні Бренна Цешинського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Бонкув у гміні Струмень Цешинського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Прухна в гміні Струмень Цешинського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Бествіна в гміні Бествіна Бельського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Стара Весь у гміні Вілямовіце Бельського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ліґота в гміні Чеховіце-Дзедзіце Бельського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Мендзибродзе-Бяльське в гміні Черніхув Живецького повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Ґуркі-Великі в гміні Бренна Цешинського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Сириня в гміні Любомія Водзіславського повіту Сілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — частина села Дембувець у гміні Вільчин Конінського повіту Великопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — колонія в гміні Щерцув Белхатовського повіту Лодзинського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — осада в гміні Радкув Клодзького повіту Нижньосілезького воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — осада в гміні Тшцель Мендзижецького повіту Любуського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — осада в гміні Жуково Картузького повіту Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — осада в гміні Сміґель Косцянського повіту Великопольського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — лісова осада в гміні Ґужно Бродницького повіту Куявсько-Поморського воєводства
 Новий Сьвят — лісова осада в гміні Ридзина Лещинського повіту Великопольського воєводства

Примітки

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


SPRING CRAFT Fair fundraiser from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. April 27 at Queens Creek UM Church, Hubert. Vendor spaces/tables available. Call 910-358-7782 or email sherrihh@ymail.com.
UNION CHAPEL Christian Church, Richlands, host Larry and Jeri Mercer of Wallace at 11 a.m. April 14.
YOUTH REVIVAL �Pulling Down Strongholds� at 7:30 p.m. April 16-18 at New Covenant Ministries, 352 Wardola Drive, with different speakers each night. Call 910-938-3409.


text:
149th Regiment
Pennsylvania Volunteers
Company I
Date of Muster
Into Service
George W. Speer Captain August 26, 1862 Promoted to Major, August 29, 1862
Brice X. Blair Captain August 27, 1862 Promoted from 1st Lt., October 6, 1862; wounded, with loss of arm, at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; discharged by Special Order, February 5,1864
Sam'l Diffenderfer Captain August 18, 1862 Promoted from Sergeant to 2d Lt., March 25, 1863; to 1st Lt., January 29, 1864; to Captain, March 17,1864; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, May 4,1864
David R. P. Neely Captain August 26, 1862 Capt'd at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant, August 30, 1862; to 1st Sergeant, February 9, 1864; to 2d Lieut., March 22, 1864; to Captain, June 26, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Henry C. Weaver 1st Lt. August 26, 1862 Promoted from Sergeant, August 30, 1862; discharged by Special Order, March 26, 1863
Alf. A. Thompson 1st Lt. August 26, 1862 Promoted from 2d Lt., March 25, 1863; discharged October 25, for wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
C. S. Zimmerman 1st Lt. August 19, 1862 Promoted from 1st Sergeant to 2d Lt., February 9,1864; to 1st Lieut., March 17, 1864; killed at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; buried in National Cemetery, Richmond, section C, division 3, grave, 145
Joseph R. Shaver 1st Lt. August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant, December 9, 1862; to 1st Sergeant, March 22, 1864; to 1st Lt., June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
D. C. M. Appleby 2d Lt. August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant, September 1, 1863; to 2d Lieut., June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
James S. Gillan 1st Sergeant August 19, 1862 Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant, March 22, 18 64; to 1st Sergeant, June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Warren Raymond 1st Sergeant August 26, 1862, Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Levi G. Graham Sergeant August 19, 1862 Promoted to Corporal, December 9, 1862; to Sergeant, March 22, 18 64; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
D. B. Lamberson Sergeant August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted to Corporal, February 9, 1864; to Sergeant, November 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
John F. Ramsey Sergeant August 19, 1862 Captured at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted to Corporal, June 30, 1864; to Sergeant, May 1, 1865; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
James M. Uhler Sergeant August 14, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 10, 1864; promoted from private, May 16, 1865; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Sam'l J. Campbell Sergeant August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; discharged by General Order, May 17, 1865
Samuel D. Foust Sergeant August 19, 1862 Capt'd at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., November 14, 1864; grave, 12,025
Peter North Corporal August 19, 1862 Wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 10, 1864; Promoted to Corporal, June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
David Harshberger Corporal August 19, 1862 Promoted to Corporal, June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
John W. Yocum Corporal August 26, 1862 Promoted to Corporal, June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
George Goshorn. Corporal August 19, 1862 Promoted to Corporal, June 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Joseph Recker Corporal August 19, 1862 Wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; Promoted to Corporal, November 30, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Augustus Eberman Corporal August 19, 1862 Promoted to Corporal, March 22, 18 64; wounded at Hatcher's Run,Va., February 7, 1865; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Samuel H. Price Corporal August 30, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; Promoted to Corporal, February 9, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out
Franklin D. Rutter Corporal August 15, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Wilderness,Va., May 5, 1864; promoted to Corporal, May 16, 1865; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
James H. Farmer Corporal August 26, 1862 Killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864
Thomas J. M'Clure Corporal August 26, 1862 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Peter M. Minich Corporal August 19, 1862 Killed at Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864
David A. M'Clure Corporal August 26, 1862 Died at Alexandria, Va., June 14, 1864
John V W. North Corporal August 19, 1862 Killed at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; buried in National Cemetery, Richmond, sec. C, div. 3, grave, 166
Appleby, David C/ Private August 30, 1862 Discharged January 16, 1865, for wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864
Appleby, Thos. M. Private August 19, 1862 Capt'd at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., October 24, 1864; grave, 11,419
Beyer, James S. Private August 26, 1862 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Bird, John Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 11, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Bulock, Joseph Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Brechill, Daniel Private August 26, 1862 Drafted; discharged by General Order,'June 30, 1865
Baughy, Benjamin Private October 15, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
OWIn,, Wm. H.T do. October 16,'6, Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Barlett, John Private February 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Burtnett, John A. Private August 16, 1863 Drafted; missing in action at Cold Harbor, Va., June 8, 1864
Browning. Jacob T. Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 28, 1864
Blair, J ames C. Private August 26, 1862 Died October 7, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Barnett, Ephraimn F. Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; captured at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; died August 23, 1864, at Andersonville, Ga.grave, 6,609
Beaty, David W. Private August 19, 1862 Deserted August 24. 1862
Briggs, George W. Private August 19, 1862 Deserted September 5, 1862
Copenhaver, N. Private August 19, 1862 Missing in action at Weldon R. R., Va., August 21, 1864
Cowden, James Private August 19, 1862 Captured at Warrenton Junction, Va., December l, 1863
Crispen. George W. Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Carotliers, Jas. C. Private August 15, 1863 Drafted; absent, on detatched service, at muster out
Cleinis, Wm. Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out wvith Company, June 24, 1865
Colegate, James D Private March 16, 1864 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1S65
Colegate, Rob't. D. Private March 1864 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Campbell, David M. Private March 27, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Carol, Ledlouel J. Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, December 19, 1862
Cowien, John M. Private August 26, 1862 Died July 20. of wounds received at Gettysburg. Pa., July 1, 1863; buried in U. S. General Hospital Cemetery, York, Pa
Clarkson, Wm. M. Private August 20, 1862 Died July 18. of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Demars, Joseph Private August 22, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, December 29, 1862
Drake, Isaac Private August 1862 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Evans, Lewis Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Evans, David Private April 6, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Early, John C Private August 26, 1862 Capt'd at Wilderness, Va., May 15, 1864; discharged by General Order, June 12, 1865
Evans, Isaiah Private September 29, 1863 Drafted; kiiled ai Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864
Eyer, Daniel Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; died at Washington, D. C., February 4, 1864; Buried in Harmony Burial Grounds
Fogal, Adam Private August 30, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Fetter, George Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Frownfenter, Amos Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Famier, Thos. Private August 22, 1862 Discharged by Special Order, May 14, 1863
Foster, David I. Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon' s Certificate, December 9, 1862
Gambell, James M. Private August 26, 1862 Captured at Weldon railroad, Va., August 21, 1864; died it Salisbury, N. C., January 25, 1865
Garland, Daniel A. Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Grahrn, Davd K. Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Gunter, Jacob Private August 26,1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, November 17, 1862
Gardner, Absalom Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 14, 1863
Gensler, John D. Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, January 25, 1864
Gates, Jeremiah E Private September 29, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; discharged by General Order, May 17, 1865
Goshorn, Sam'l M Private August 19, 1862 Deserted August 5, 1862; returned February 4, 1565; discharged by Special Order. July 8, 1865
Goshorn, Geo. W. Private August 24, 1862 Died at Shade Gap, Pa., October 21, 1862
Graham, Wm Private September 5, 1863 Drafted; died October 31, 1863,at Bristoe Station, Va., buried in National Cememtery, Richmond, sec. C, div. E, grave, 82
Goshorn, John M Private August 26, 1862 Deserted July 12. 1863
Hartyl, John Private August 15, 1863 Drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864
Hammon, Amos Private August 16, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Hotenberry, Jus. Private March 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Hoover, Jacob Private April 7, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Hall, George C. Private April 11, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Harper, L. Robert Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, September 19, 1863
Huiit, Charles I. Private August 19, 1862 DiscIharged on Surgeon's Certificate, February 27, 1,863
Huntsman, Thos. S Private August 18, 1861 Drafted; discharged by General Order, May 16, 1865
Herr, Daniel K Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, February 5, 1864
Hartzel, Daniel Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; discharged on Surgeon's Certiicate, December 11, 1863
Holliday, Henry C Private August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 17, 1864; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, February 18, 1865
Harmony, Wm. H Private August 19, 1862 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; buried in Nattional Cemetery, section A, grave. 17
Howe, George Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; died November 6, 1864, at Sylvania, Bradford county, Pa.
Hall, Hugh Private January 25, 1864 Captured at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., August 8, 1864; grave, 5,080
Irvin, Andrew Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24 , 1865
Johnson, Wm. Private August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July. 1, 1863; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, January 29, 1865
Kough, Graham Private August 19, 1862 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Kessinger, Thos Private August 14, 1863 Drafted; wounded near Spottsylvania C. H.,Va., May 20, 1864; absent, in hospital, at muster out
Kistler, David S. Private October 9, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Kerchher, Lewis Private September 5, 1863 Drafted; capt'd at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by General Order, June 12, 1865
Kennedy, Joseph X. Private August 22,'2 Not on muster-out roll
Lightner, Scott Private March 22, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Lightner, Andrew Private March 22, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24. 1865
Leonard, Simpson S. Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 14, 1863
Leasure, Solomon Private September 29, 1863 Drafted; died at Alexandria, Va., January 29, 1864; buried in National Cemetery, grave, 1,355
Laughlin, Matt. J. Private August 19, 1862 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
Manherz, John M. Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Miller, George V. Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va. May 10, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Maxwell, Henry Private October 5, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 10, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Merritt, Levi Private March 27, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Miller, Samuel E Private April 5, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Moore, Jacob B. Private August 19, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg. Pa., July 1, 1863; discharged ou Surgeon's Certificate, October 5, 1864
Miller, Isaac Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, December 17, 1862
Meanan, Patrick Private August 26, 1862 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, February 15, 1864
Myerly, George S . Private August 26, 1862 Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 6, 1864
Moore, Henry Private August 19, 1862 Killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864
Mills. John B. Private August 30, 1862 Killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864
May, Jacob Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; missing in action at Wilderness,Va., May 5, 1864
M'Intyre, James E Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 11, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
M'Clain, George Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
M'Kinstry, Jas. A. Private August 19, 1862 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Means, William Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; deserted August 16, 1864; returned; scharged by Special Order, July 8, 1865
M'Donald, John Private August 26, 1862 Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863
M'Daniels, Hiram Private August 27, 1863 Drafted; died May 14, of wounds received at Spottsylvania C. HI., Va., May 10, 1864
Ness, Oliver Private April 5, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Neil, Simon Private August 27, 1863 Drafted; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; died at Annapolis. Md., December 25, 1864; buried in U. S. General Hospital Cemetery
Price, William A. Private August 29, 1862 Discharged by General Order, June 7, 1865
Paul, John Private August 19, 1862 Killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864
Quarry, Henry T. Private February 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Rorar, John J Private August 22, 1862 Wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Roger, David C. Private August 19, 1862 Wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out
Reed, Alexander. Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Runk, Henry E Private October 3, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Rorar, Elakim L. Private August 19, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, February 28, 1863
Roddy, David R. Private August 22, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, April 14. 1863
Rice, Solomon Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; discharged by General Order, May 29, 1865
Russell, William H Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, March 15, 1864; discharged by General Order, July 7, 1865
Rhine, George W. Private August 26, 1862 Died at Belle Plain. Va., April 4, 1863; burial record, May 31, 1863; buried in Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C
Shaver, William Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; transferredto Veteran Reserve Corps; discharged by General Order, June 30, 1865.
Shoop, Jacob Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Smith, George Private August 17, 1863 Drafted; absent, sick, at muster out
Snyder, Elias Private March 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Snyder, Andrew Private March 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Snyder, James B. Private March 21, 1865 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Stallman, Wm.. H. Private August 26, 1862 Deserted August 25, 1864; returned April 10, 1865; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Scott, James S Private August 19, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, December 15, 1862
Scott, James, Sr. Private August 19, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, January 30, 1863
Sipe, William A. Private August 20, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, October 1, 1862.
Sineeker, John W. Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; discharged by General Order, May 16, 1865
Stevens, Denton do Private September 29, 1863 Drafted; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, April 21, 1864
Smiser, Michael P Private August 15,, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 20, 1864; discharged by General Order, February 2, 1865
Shoop, Samuel J. Private August 26, 1862 Promoted to Captain 31st Regiment U. S. Colored Troop, May 5, 1864; discharged December 15, 1864
Simons, Samuel R Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, March 15, 1864; discharged by General Order, June 28, 1865
Seibert, Jacob L. Private August 26, 1862 Died at Frederick City, Md., August 8, 1863; buried in National Cemetery, Antietam, sec. II, lot E, grave, 505
Traxler, Michael P. Private August 19, 1862 Mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Thompson, Jas. C. Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863; discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, November 19, 1864
Vawn, William T. Private August 26, 1862 Wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 10, 1864; absent, in hospital, at muster out
Vaughen, Robert Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, January 13, 1863
Vawn, Alexander Private March 16, 1864 Died June 10, of wounds received at Bethesda Church, Va., June 2, 1864
Wright, William H. Private August 20, 1862 Wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Whitfield, Wm. C. Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Petersburg,Va., June 19, 1864; transferred to Veteran Reserve Cores, January 9, 1865; discharged by General Order, April 12, 1865
Wilkins, Josephus Private August 26, 1863 Drafted; mustered out with Company, June 24, 1865
Wilson, James Private August 19, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, March 5, 1S63
Weitzel, Elias Private August 26, 1862 Discharged on Surgeon's Certificate, December 30, 1862
Williams, Harr'n P. Private August 24, 1863 Drafted; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; discharged by General Order, June 2, 1865
Wimer, William R. Private September 28, 1863 Drafted; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 17, 1864
Source: Bates, Samuel P. History of the Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-65 , Harrisburg, 1868-1871.
U. S. C. T.
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