text:
Sumbe é uma cidade e município litorânea de Angola, capital da província do Cuanza Sul.

Segundo as projeções populacionais de 2018, elaboradas pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística, conta com uma população de  habitantes e área territorial de , sendo o município mais populoso da província.

Até 1975 designou-se "Novo Redondo".

Etimologia
O nome "Sumbe" deriva da palavra em língua quimbundo "cussumba", que em português significa "comprar". O ponto onde se encontra situada a cidade do Sumbe constituiu sempre um local de trocas comerciais entre os povos do interior e do litoral: o sal e o peixe, bem como os tecidos trazidos pelos europeus serviram durante muito tempo para alimentar esse circuito comercial, que também envolvia a venda de escravos negros.

Também já se chamou Novo Redondo e Negunza Cabolo. Este último nome se deu após a independência de Angola em 1975, em homenagem ao líder resistente à ocupação colonial também chamado de "Príncipe do Sertão".

História

A existência de uma espécie de localidade-feira, onde exatamente hoje assenta-se Sumbe, em que se realizavam trocas comerciais entre os povos do interior e do litoral, no escambo do sal, peixe, tecidos e outros produtos levou as autoridades coloniais portuguesas a pensarem na fundação de uma cidade, motivada também pela "necessidade de defesa contra as incursões dos piratas ingleses e franceses e da ligação entre os reinos de Luanda e Benguela, bem como das minas de cobre".

Por sua vez, os portugueses fundaram mais ao norte Benguela-a-Velha (Porto Amboim), e um pouco ao sul da localidade-feira do Sumbe o Fortim do Quicombo. Tal fortificação foi erguida pelas forças da esquadra de Francisco de Souto-Maior (1645-1646), em 1645 e reformada em 1648 pelas da esquadra de Salvador Correia de Sá e Benevides, que daí partiram para a reconquista de Luanda.

A fundação da cidade, porém, só iniciou-se em 7 de janeiro de 1768, quando o governador Francisco Inocêncio de Sousa Coutinho ordenou a uma brigada de engenheiros para fazer a escolha do local onde se instalaria um presídio com o nome de Novo Redondo. Em 1785 ergue-se a primeira fortaleza de pedra, com a primeira igreja edificada somente em 1811. Porém, os primeiros serviços de saúde somente surgiriam em 1872, com a vinda do médico Francisco Joaquim Vieira.

No século XX, foi a primeira localidade angolana a ter iluminação domiciliária, fornecida a partir da barragem hidroeléctrica do rio Cambongo, depois ampliada e melhorada com a actual estação de captação e tratamento há 50 anos; já com características de vila, foi pela primeira vez visitada por um presidente português em 1954, na altura o general Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes. Em 1955, pelo decreto 40.225 de 20 de julho, é elevada a capital de distrito e, em 28 de maio do ano seguinte (1956), pelo diploma legislativo número 2757, ascende à categoria de cidade.

Em 1975, às vésperas da proclamação de independência de Angola, a Força de Defesa da África do Sul lança um extenso ataque que ficou conhecido como Operação Savana, com Sumbe ficando sob ocupação estrangeira e da UNITA. No mesmo ano o MPLA com o apoio das Forças Armadas de Cuba lança o contra-ataque na Operação Carlota, expulsando as tropas estrangeiras e recuperando o controle da cidade.

Geografia
O município do Sumbe é naturalmente delimitado a norte pelo curso inferior do rio Queve, a sul curso inferior do rio Balombo e a oeste Oceano Atlântico e, a leste tem o limite convencional com o município da Conda.

O município compõe-se da comuna sede, equivalente à cidade de Sumbe, e pelas comunas de Gangula, Gungo e Quicombo. O Quicombo, por sua vez, tem sido absorvido pelo enorme crescimento da cidade de Sumbe, comportando-se como um distrito urbano.

Geomorfologia
Do ponto de vista fisiográfico, o município do Sumbe é parte integrante da peneplanície litoral de Angola, que, com uma profundidade variável, se estende ao longo da costa atlântica. Precisamente a faixa norte corresponde, sensivelmente, à sua largura máxima, por coincidir também com o máximo desenvolvimento da bacia sedimentar do Queve.

Esta peneplanície, que constitui uma unidade geomorfológica bem definida envolve não só as formações sedimentares, de idades compreendidas entre o cretácico inferior e o plistocénico (aplanação litoral) mas também as rochas do maciço antigo (aplanação sub-litorânea).

Dentro da aplanação geral da superfície, poderão contudo observar-se diversas formas e tipos de relevo, de acordo com os diferentes materiais litológicos que aí ocorrem. Assim, é ondulado, com frequência miudamente ondulado, ao longo da faixa periférica interior (nordeste, leste e sudeste) em correspondência com as formações granito-gnássicas do complexo de base, e ainda com certos materiais margoso mais ou menos brandos do cretácico. O relevo torna-se bastante irregular, alternando as superfícies aplanadas de menor cota com outras expressivamente dobradas ou, ainda, com plataformas residuais, no que respeita às formações calcárias do cretácio superior e do eocénico. Esta morfologia está em nítido contraste com as planuras largamente onduladas do oligo-miocénico, quando em correspondência com afloramentos de argilas e margas gipsíferas.

O relevo junto a costa é profundamente ravinado, sobretudo quando atingem as formações de materiais brandos do oligo-miocénico de margas e argilas, contrastando com os estratos de rocha calcária que terminam aí em arribas pronunciadas, onde chegam a marcar desníveis próximos da centena de metros.

Na periferia interior da peneplanície erguem-se alterosos montes-ilha, formas de relevo residuais desgarradas da superfície de escarpa que lhes fica próxima, e que se formaram mercê do seu recuo gradual.

A peneplanície litorânea é bastante recortada por linhas de água secas, que apenas transportam caudais quando sobrevêm fortes e prolongadas chuvadas, principalmente no rigor da época chuvosa.

O rio Cambongo-Negunza, apenas deu origem a reduzidas ou mesmo insignificantes orlas de aluviões, em virtude de, quase até à foz, circular através de plataformas de calcários duros que retalharam profundamente.

Clima

O município do Sumbe segundo a classificação climática de Köppen-Geiger engloba-se na faixa de clima semiárido quente o que caracteriza a aplanação litoral do centro de Angola. Em função da sua localização geográfica, as condições de aridez são muito acentuadas chegando mesmo a ser considerada uma região com características de clima árido se considerarmos outros parâmetros, devido à forte evapotranspiração potencial e real que se observa nesta região e à influência, de certa forma, da corrente fria de Benguela.

De acordo a sua eficiência térmica, os valores médios anuais da temperatura do ar variam entre os 22°C e 24°C, sendo por isso considerado o predomínio de um clima megatérmico. A estação das chuvas é de cerca de seis meses (novembro a abril), variando as precipitações entre os 300mm e 400mm, sendo março o mês mais pluvioso, e dezembro e janeiro os meses de menor precipitação, verificando-se normalmente neste último mês um período seco (pequeno cacimbo). A estação chuvosa coincide com o período mais quente do ano, com um máximo em Março ou Abril (temperatura média diária 26-27°C); os meses mais frios são Julho e Agosto (temperatura média diária 20-21°C).

As oscilações médias diárias da temperatura são sensivelmente uniformes ao longo do ano, sendo que a sua amplitude térmica diurna apresenta valores iguais ou inferiores a 10 o que lhe confere uma característica de clima oceânico. Nos valores médios da umidade relativa observa-se uma variação muito pronunciada sendo que o valor mais alto se encontra entre 75 e 85% chegando a observar-se valores mínimos entre 35 e 45%, sendo mínima a amplitude entre a média dos valores do período chuvoso e os do período seco.

De uma forma geral podemos dizer que na classificação racional de Thornthwaite o clima é semi-árido (D) a árido (E), megatérmico, e na classificação de Köppen é do tipo BSh (clima seco, de estepe, muito quente).

Economia
A economia da zona fundamenta-se essencialmente na actividade pesqueira, marítima e fluvial (basicamente no distrito do Quicombo), e na agropecuária em pequena escala, em especial no milho, batata e horticultura assim como a exploração do gado bovino e caprino. A pecuária para corte e leite tem sofrido considerável evolução, em resultado não só do alargamento das áreas de exploração, mas também em consequência do abandono dos métodos tradicionais de cultivo, encaminhando-se decididamente para uma cultura baseada na mecanização.

Além disso, o Sumbe é o centro comercial atacadista da província, além de ser o maior polo industrial do Cuanza Sul, fixando plantas agroindustriais, de bebidas, de calçados e vestimentas e de cimento.

A baía do Quicombo, bem como as praias que a margeiam, são fonte de renda turística.

Infraestrutura

Transportes
As prinicipais vias rodoviárias de Sumbe são a EN-100, que a liga ao Porto Amboim, ao norte, e ao Lobito, ao sul. Outra rodovia importante é a EN-245, que conecta o Sumbe ao Ucu-Seles, no leste.

A cidade também é servida pelo Aeroporto de Sumbe, que fica localizado no Morro do Chingo.

Educação
Na cidade do Sumbe há vários campi universitários públicos, tais como: Instituto Superior de Ciências de Educação do Sumbe, Instituto Superior Politécnico do Cuanza Sul e Instituto Nacional de Petróleos.

Cultura e lazer

Uma das principais manifestações culturais-religiosas são as Peregrinações da Imaculada Conceição de Sumbe, feitas anualmente à Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Conceição. É uma festividade capitaneada pela Diocese de Sumbe.

Entre seus locais de interesse está a Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Conceição, um portentoso templo católico. Existem também as ruínas do Fortim do Quicombo e as praias litorâneas da cidade.

Ver também
Comunas de Angola

Sumbe

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Havingness refers to your capacity to allow what you want in each aspect of your life – to have what you want. Havingness begins with a clear vision followed by clear thinking. I work with clients everyday to make sure these first two steps are in place otherwise we find ourselves working hard and not achieving our goals.
Sarah contacted me because she wanted to add a new interior designer to her firm. She met a woman and wanted my intuitive read on this potential hire. I saw Sarah making a mistake many business owners make when hiring. They assess potential hires before they have a clear and strong vision of what they want for the position. I worked with Sarah to clarify her vision of the position. As we defined her vision I noticed Sarah's concepts or thoughts that were in the way of knowing precisely what she wanted.
For example, her description of the skill set she wanted was followed by statements about why she thought she would not be able to find a person like this or why they would not be available or would not want to work for her. It was an amazing stream of thoughts that completely invalidated her vision and they were her thoughts! We cleared her thinking so that her vision was true to what she wanted. This came up again as she described her vision further regarding salary & benefits, personality traits, work ethics, etc. Each time she described what she wanted followed with thoughts about why it was not possible. By the end of our session she began to realize how her thinking about things affects her havingness.
In the end, she came up with a strong and clear vision for the position. Once that completed she was ready to look at the potential applicants and whether they fit her vision logically and intuitively. She changed from the energy of need which causes us to compromise our vision to a vibration of havingness – the certainty to have what she wanted in this position.
These concepts apply to any situation. Have a clear vision. Clear your thinking. Decide you can have what you want.
Please share your thoughts, experiences, etc.
Best wishes on your success.


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point in the NFS parts of the kernel.
output file, so it's unlikely to be a particular hardware problem.
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goes anywhere near hitting the wire, let alone making it to the NFS server.
Hardware: IBM x335 and IBM x345 dual Xeons.


The President and Council of the Town of Frankford, DE. will hold a Public Hearing on Monday, July 28, 2008 at 7:30 PM in the Town Hall, #5 Main Street, Frankford, DE. The purpose of the meeting is to review and consider adoption of the Proposed Budget for fiscal year July 1st, 2008 through June 30th, 2009.


text:
Spanish royal family's popularity boosted by King Juan Carlos's abdication in favour of Prince Felipe
Approval ratings for King Juan Carlos's reign increase from 41 to 65 per cent following his abdication to hand the throne to 46-year-old heir Prince Felipe
By Fiona Govan
12:16PM BST 09 Jun 2014
Spain's royal family has become more popular among Spaniards following the abdication of Juan Carlos for his son Crown King Felipe VI.
Overall, 55.7 per cent of those polled in the June 3-5 survey by Sigma Dos supported the institution of the monarchy in Spain, up from 49.9 per cent when the same question was posed six months ago.
57.5 per cent believed the prince could restore the royal family's lost prestige.
An overwhelming majority of Spaniards believe the new king, Felipe VI, would make a good monarch and more than three-quarters believe King Juan Carlos was right to hand over the throne to his son.
Spain welcomes new king
King Juan Carlos: 'I don't want my son to grow old waiting like Prince Charles'
King Juan Carlos to abdicate Spanish throne
Juan Carlos abdication: Spanish king follows in footsteps of other ageing monarchs and heads of state
The commoner who could save the Spanish crown
Juan Carlos abdication: Who is the new King of Spain?
King Juan Carlos (left), his son Crown Prince Felipe and Prince Felipe's first born daughter Princess Leonor (EPA)
The poll, published in Spain's right-leaning daily El Mundo newspaper on Monday, is likely to encourage the departing King, who announced a week ago that he hoped the change would usher in a "new era of hope".
Despite a week that has been marked by street demonstrations calling for a referendum on the future of the monarchy, the latest poll shows that Crown Prince Felipe could indeed turn the tide of the falling popularity that tainted the last years of King Juan Carlos's reign.
From left, Juan Carlos of Spain, Princess Letizia Ortiz, her husband Prince Felipe and his mother Queen Sofia of Spain (AP)
King Juan Carlos, 75, who has been dogged by ill health and undergone five operations in the last two years alone, saw his popularity slump after a series of scandals, including an ill-fated elephant-hunting trip to Botswana and a corruption scandal involving his son-in-law.
But Spaniards are already forgiving the king his latest mishaps and generally believe that his reign was a good one.
Crown Prince Felipe and his wife Princess Letizia pictured with their daughters Sofia (left) and Leonor (EPA)
The survey showed that 65 per cent of the 1,000 people asked believed the king's reign was either good or very good, up from 41.3 per cent when the same question was asked in January.
Prince Felipe, 46, will be crowned king on June 19 in a ceremony at the nation's parliament.
In a separate survey by Metroscopia published by El Pais on Sunday, 62 percent of Spaniards said they wanted a referendum on the future of the monarchy "at some point".
The Royal Family »
Fiona Govan »
Drinkers defy crackdown
Mediterranean migrants crisis
Brits on the run
Ebola outbreak in pictures
Tarragona's complex human towers
Pamplona bull run

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Photographer's Caption: "Suddenly we are confronted with less sand, as if it has been sucked out of our beaches. The coconuts on the beach have their roots exposed, thus telling us that something acting very slowly is gradually eating the sand away." – This is what local people say at Saanapu village, on the Island of Upolu, Samoa. The sea level has been rising by 4 mm per year since 1993, causing severe beach erosion.


2x Points, Seniors Day, Friday Night Fever and more. The games go on and on. Pick a day to play and you won't be disappointed at Vernon Downs Casino Hotel. We offer spectacular gaming promotions not only offering you a chance to win big money but you could also win, a TV, computer, even a brand new car! Stop by Vernon Downs Casino Hotel today and see what games you could be playing.
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On Saturday, April 27, 2019 for the grand finale drawings activation for drawing entries will begin at 4pm and will be applicable to the 5pm-10pm drawings. For the 11pm drawing only Players Club members that have activated their entries after 10pm will be eligible for the drawing.
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On Monday's in April, Players Club members may earn 5x entries into the drawings from 9am to 2am. VIP guests will be sent a postcard or e-blast with 1,500 bonus entries valid only on the night of the grand finale. The postcard or e-blast must be brought in and presented either to a host or the Players Club in order to receive the bonus entries.
Drawings will take place each Saturday. One winner will be selected at each hour and given three minutes to report to the promotional area located in front of the Players Club. If the selected winner does not respond within the three minute time frame, another winner will be announced and this process will continue until a winner is present and has been verified. Once the winner is verified they will be asked to step into the promotional area and select one of the available cow piggy banks. Six cow piggy banks will be available on each regular drawing day, once a cow piggy bank has been chosen and broken only the remaining cow piggy banks will be available to choose from for subsequent drawings that night. The winner chosen will then put on a face shield and gloves for protection. The selected cow piggy bank will be placed into a box and the winner will be asked to break open the bank to reveal a prize slip listing the cash prize won. Prizes available will be: $200 cash (3), $400 cash (1), $500 cash (1), and $1,000 cash (1). A total of $2,500 in cash prizes will be available on each Saturday April 6, 13 and 20, 2019. Guests may only win once per day April 6, 13, and 20, 2019.
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Guests must be a member of the Players Club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate. Use of Players Card is required to generate earned entries and to activate earned entries on each drawing night as prescribed in the above promotional rules and details.
Excluded/evicted patrons cannot participate in promotions.
Vernon Downs may disqualify any participant for any prize based upon fraud, dishonesty, violation of these official rules or other misconduct whether or not related to this promotion.
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Guests may only win once per promotional day with exception to April 27, 2019.
It is the responsibility of each participant to be aware of casino announcements for the promotion.
Prizes for this promotional giveaway are in cash form only. Prizes may not be converted to free play or any other form of payout.
Must present a valid State/Federal valid photo identification before physical, monetary, or free play prize, award, or offer can be claimed.
By participating in the promotion, each participant agrees to and acknowledges that they will abide by the official rules, regulations and procedures of the promotion.
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Each winner shall hold harmless Tioga Downs, Vernon Downs, and any affiliated company, the State of New York, and any agents, officers, employees against any damage, loss, claim or liability arising from participation in this promotion.
Each prize winner grants the right to use their name, city of residence, and photograph in order to publicize their winnings. Street address and phone numbers will not be released for publicity.
Any valuation of the prize(s) stated awarded in this contest is based on available information provided to Tioga Downs/Vernon Downs from the provider, and the value of any prize awarded to a winner will be reported for tax purposes as required by law.
Each winner is solely responsible for reporting and paying any and all applicable taxes related to the prize(s) and paying any expenses associated with any prize which are not specifically provided for in the official rules. Each winner must provide the Company with valid identification and a valid taxpayer identification number or social security number before any prize will be awarded. Any person winning over $600 in prizes from the Company will receive an appropriate IRS form 1099 at the end of the calendar year and a copy of such form will be filed with the IRS.
All Lottery Key License holders and employees of the NY State Gaming Commission, Vernon Downs, Tioga Downs, New York Lottery, Bally Technologies, Spielo, IGT, SDG and/or Multimedia Games and/or any subsidiaries or affiliates, their spouses, siblings, children and/or other dependents living in the same residence are not eligible to win. Offer void where prohibited or restricted.
If for any reason this promotion is not capable of running as planned, including infection by computer virus, bugs, tampering, unauthorized intervention, fraud, technical failures, or any other causes within or beyond the control of Vernon Downs, which corrupt or affect the administration, security, fairness, integrity, or proper conduct of this promotion – Vernon Downs reserves the right at its sole discretion to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the promotion.
Management reserves the right to cancel, change or modify the promotion without notice. In the event of a dispute, decisions of management will be final.
For names of winners, available at the conclusion of the promotion, send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to: Marketing Department, Vernon Downs Racetrack LLC, 4229 Stuhlman Rd, Vernon, NY, 13476.
Every Day! All month long in April and May.
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Five winners will be selected to win $100 cash and one to win $500 cash. All entries earned throughout the month are eligible for cash giveaway!
Beginning April 1, 2019 the Social Media Coordinator will post a Vernon Downs Code of the Day on the Vernon Downs Facebook Page. Each word, each day will be different than any previous word or phrase used. Guests that see the word on Facebook and want to participate must come into Vernon Downs on the date the word was posted, visit the Players Club during regular operating hours, and show the players club representative the code on their phone and proof that they "like" the Vernon Downs Facebook page. All participants must either be players club members or join the club. Once the code is verified, the Players Club Rep will fill out a manual entry ticket (business card sized) with the person's name, account number, and entry date. At that point the player's account will be tagged to prevent double entry on the same day. The manual ticket will then be placed into the drawing drum.
Every Friday in April and May we will select five winners from the manual drawing drum. Winners may only win once per week but may win multiple times during the two month promotion. Drawings will take place in front of the players club each Friday night at 9:30pm. The Social Media Coordinator will record the drawing as it takes place with the person drawing names one at a time and announcing the winner and the prize they've won. If a person is drawn a second time we will set their ticket aside and draw again. Once a ticket is drawn it will remain out of the drum until the final day drawings on Friday, May 31, 2019 (guests participating more than once and having more than one entry will be eligible to win every week provided they have tickets in the drawing drum). If a person is drawn twice during a regular Friday drawing their second or subsequent drawn entry will be placed back into the drum for the remaining drawings during the month (their initial winning ticket will remain out). At the completion of the Friday 9:30pm drawing the Social Media Coordinator will post the video to our Facebook page with copy outlining the winners and prize they won. Announcements will be made live in the casino as the drawings occur to promote participation and in the event a winner is present in the casino.
Winners chosen through the Facebook drawing will be given 7 business days from the date of the actual drawing to come in and claim their prize at the Players Club. The Players Club Rep will refer to a drawing tracking sheet and verify the ID and account number of the winner. The winner of the prize will fill out a 1099 and any other related paperwork before the prize is handed over. Winners do not need to be present at drawing time to win.
On Friday, May 31st we will conduct a grand prize drawing at 9:30pm using all of the same methods for previous Friday drawings. All previous winners' entry tickets will be placed back into the drum and eligible for the cash grand prizes. There will be six total drawings all for cash. Winners in these drawings may only be selected for one cash prize. There will be five prizes of $100 cash each and one prize of $500 cash. Cash drawings will total $1,000. On this day there will be no property specific or electronic merchandise prizes given away. Winners chosen on this day will be given 7 business days to claim their prize at the players club anytime during regular operating hours. Should any cash prize go unclaimed it will not be re-awarded and it will not be held over for any future Facebook promotion.
• Must be 18 years of age or older to participate.
• Must be a member of the Players Club or join the club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate.
• Must show proof of "liking" the Vernon Downs Facebook page.
• In order to participate, guest must appear in person at the Players Club during regular daily operating hours to show that day's word of the day in order to receive a drawing entry. Comments, messages or any other correspondence through the Facebook page or otherwise not in person at the Players Club will not qualify for entry.
• Vernon Downs may disqualify any participant for any prize based upon fraud, dishonesty, violation of these official rules or other misconduct whether or not related to this promotion.
• It is the responsibility of each participant to be aware of casino announcements for any promotion.
• Prizes won may not be exchanged for a different prize, cash, free play, or any other form of award.
• Once the seven day prize claim period has expired, the winner will no longer be eligible to claim prize won.
• Must present a valid State/Federal valid photo identification before physical, monetary, or free play prize, award, or offer can be claimed.
• By participating in the promotion, each participant agrees to and acknowledges that they will abide by the official rules, regulations and procedures of the promotion.
• Taxes are the sole responsibility of the Club Member.
• Each winner shall hold harmless Tioga Downs, Vernon Downs, and any affiliated company, the State of New York, and any agents, officers, employees against any damage, loss, claim or liability arising from participation in this promotion.
• Each prize winner grants the right to use their name, city of residence, and photograph in order to publicize their winnings. Street address and phone numbers will not be released for publicity.
• Any valuation of the prize(s) stated awarded in this contest is based on available information provided to Tioga Downs/Vernon Downs from the provider, and the value of any prize awarded to a winner will be reported for tax purposes as required by law.
• Each winner is solely responsible for reporting and paying any and all applicable taxes related to the prize(s) and paying any expenses associated with any prize which are not specifically provided for in the official rules. Each winner must provide the Company with valid identification and a valid taxpayer identification number or social security number before any prize will be awarded. Any person winning over $600 in prizes from the Company will receive an appropriate IRS form 1099 at the end of the calendar year and a copy of such form will be filed with the IRS.
• All Lottery Key License holders and employees of the NY State Gaming Commission, Vernon Downs, Tioga Downs, New York Lottery, Bally Technologies, Spielo, IGT, SDG and/or Multimedia Games and/or any subsidiaries or affiliates, their spouses, siblings, children and/or other dependents living in the same residence are not eligible to win. Offer void where prohibited or restricted.
• If for any reason this promotion is not capable of running as planned, including infection by computer virus, bugs, tampering, unauthorized intervention, fraud, technical failures, or any other causes within or beyond the control of Vernon Downs, which corrupt or affect the administration, security, fairness, integrity, or proper conduct of this promotion – Vernon Downs reserves the right at its sole discretion to cancel, terminate, modify or suspend the promotion.
• Management reserves the right to cancel, change or modify the promotion without notice. In the event of a dispute, decisions of management will be final.
• For names of winners, available at the conclusion of the promotion, send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to: Marketing Department, Vernon Downs Racetrack LLC, 4229 Stuhlman Rd, Vernon, NY, 13476.
Supplies are limited. Gifts may vary from picture shown. No rainchecks or substitutions. Prize must be claimed during promotional times.
Each water conservation kit includes: 1 handheld showerhead, 1 garden hose nozzle and 1 kitchen faucet swivel aerator. Each electricity conservation kit includes: 4 LED light bulbs and 2 LED nightlights.
Players Club members must use their Players Card while gaming during the times of the promotion to be eligible to receive the gift. Only base points earned between 12pm and 9pm on the dates of the promotion will be applicable to the earning requirement. Once the required base points have been earned the Players Club member must go to the Players Club to receive their gift. Players Club members must collect their gift at the players club before 9pm each promotional day. Earn and Get Gifts are available only while supplies last on a first come, first earned basis. There will be no rainchecks, substitutions or special offers in the event any gift runs out.
Guests must be a member of the Players Club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate.
Use of Players Card is required and must be used and properly inserted while gaming in order to accumulate points and to be eligible to receive the Earn and Get gift.
Earn and Get prizes/gifts may not be exchanged for cash or free play in lieu of the prize.
Guests must collect their prize on the date of the promotion and prior to the end of the promotion (9pm each day).
Earn and Get Gifts are available only while supplies last on a first come, first earned basis. There will be no rainchecks, substitutions or special offers in the event any gift runs out.
Look for your favorite IGT or Spielo gaming machines featuring the Play Me sign or wobbler and win CASH prizes! One hot seat winner every hour. Six winners per day!
– 5pm-8pm: Each winner wins $250 cash.
– 9pm-10pm: Each winner wins $500 cash.
– 9pm: one winner of $1,000 cash.
– 10pm one winner of $2,000 cash.
Must be playing on qualifying IGT or Spielo games with Player's Card at drawing time to be eligible to win.
On Fridays in April 2019 (4/5, 4/12, 4/19, and 4/26) active Players Club members who are playing any IGT or Spielo game will be eligible to win cash drawings via random computer generated "hot seat" selection. One winner will be chosen each hour. Winners chosen will be announced over the casino microphone and asked to report to the Players Club within three minutes to claim their cash prize. If a selected winner fails to report to the Players Club within the allotted three minute claim period another winner will be selected and announced. This process will continue until a valid winner has been selected and verified. Guests may win up to twice per promotional day. Only IGT or Spielo branded games are eligible for this promotion and will be designated by wobbler affixed to the machine and/or slot topper above the machine.
• Must be 18 years of age or older.
• Guests must be a member of the Players Club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate. Use of Players Card is required to be eligible for random hot seat selection.
• Must be actively playing on an IGT or Spielo branded game with Players Card inserted to be eligible for random hot seat selection.
• Excluded/evicted patrons cannot participate in promotions.
• Must be present to collect prize at drawing time when name is announced.
• Guests may win up to twice per promotional day.
• It is the responsibility of each participant to be aware of casino announcements for the promotion.
• Prizes for this promotional giveaway are in cash form only. Prizes may not be converted to free play or any other form of payout.
Bonus drawing entries applicable to current monthly promotion only.
Limited to three maximum swipes per day.
See Player's Club to verify points and to receive swipe.
On Mondays in April (excluding April 29, 2019) from 9am to 12am (midnight), Players Club Members will have an opportunity earn up to three swipes on the kiosks to play the Magic Monday Kiosk game and win up to $200 in free play.
Players Club Members will earn one free swipe for every 150 points earned while using their Players Card. Swipes will be limited to a maximum of three per promotional day, per club member. In order to receive their swipe/s, the Players Club member must visit the players club to have their point earnings for the day verified and then they will be tagged into the applicable available swipe for that day. Once being tagged in the system by a Players Club representative the club member will then visit a kiosk of their choice to swipe their Players Card and play the game. Once a players club member has reached their maximum of three swipes per day, they will not be eligible to participate in the promotion for the remainder of that day.
Once a prize is awarded on the kiosk it will not be replaced until the following Monday.
• Must be a member of the Players Club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate. Use of Players Card is required to earn points and be eligible to receive free kiosk swipes.
• Bonus drawing entries that are won through the Magic Monday Kiosk Game in April 2019 are only eligible for the $20,000 Cash Cow Moo-Lah Drawings occurring on Saturdays in the month. In order to participate in the $20,000 Cash Cow Moo-Lah Drawings, guests must be present on those dates to activate all earned entries (regular, multiplied, and bonus) to be eligible to win in those drawings.
• Food credits won through the Magic Monday Kiosk Game will be valid for 30 days from issuance.
• Free play won through the Magic Monday Kiosk Game will be valid until the end of the gaming day on 4/30/2019.
• Once expired, prizes may not be re-issued.
$5 Lunch or Dinner Buffet at Champions.
Win Your Age Hot Seat Drawings. Two winners every hour from 12pm to 4pm.
If you're drawn, you'll win your age in CASH!
Must be a Player's Club member to participate.
On Tuesdays and Wednesdays in April, Players Club members aged 50 or older (seniors) will receive special benefits and drawing opportunities.
Hot seat drawings will be conducted by the Players Club every hour from 12pm to 4pm using the Casino Marketplace system and Hot Seat Internal Controls. At each drawing time two winners will be selected. Prior to the announcement of winners, their age will be verified by their documented birthdate in the system and again upon claiming their prize through ID verification. Winners announced will be given three minutes to make their way to the Players Club to claim their cash prize. Selected winners must present a valid State/Federal photo identification before prize can be claimed. Verified winners will receive the amount of their age in cash. Members will only be eligible to be drawn to win one cash prize per day. If a chosen winner does not respond within the allotted three minutes, there will be no alternate winners drawn (only two winners will be selected at each hour whether claiming or not) and they will be ineligible for the day's remaining drawings.
Must be a member of the Players Club and abide by all club rules to be eligible to participate. Use of Players Card is required to be eligible for hot seat "win your age" drawings.
Prizes for the "win your age" drawings are in cash form only. Prizes may not be converted to free play or any other form of payout.
Playing late has its perks! Every Friday night earn triple points on your Player's Club card!
All Players Club (Your Club) members will receive 3x points while playing on their Players Cards from 8pm to 2am every Friday in April 2019 and also from 12pm to 8pm on Monday, April 29, 2019.
The Players Tracking System will automatically triple the amount of earned base points on eligible Players Club accounts during the promotional period.
Must be using a Players Club card while gaming to participate in promotion.
Excluded patrons cannot participate in promotions.
Must be present during prescribed dates and times of promotion to receive point multiplier.
Must present a valid State/Federal photo identification before physical, monetary, or free play prize, award, discount, or offer can be claimed.
Management reserves the right to cancel, change or modify the promotion without notice.
In the event of a dispute, decisions of management will be final.
Each winner is solely responsible for reporting and paying any and all applicable taxes related to the prize(s) and paying any expenses associated with any prize which are not specifically provided for in the official rules.
Each winner must provide the Company with valid identification and a valid taxpayer identification number or social security number before any prize will be awarded. Any person winning over $600 in prizes from the Company will receive an appropriate IRS form 1099 at the end of the calendar year and a copy of such form will be filed with the IRS.
For names of winners, available at the conclusion of the offer, send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to: Marketing Department, Vernon Downs Racetrack LLC, 4229 Stuhlman Rd, Vernon, NY, 13476.
New Members Spin to Win!
Spin to Win for your chance to win up to $250 in free play.
Every New Member is a winner!
New Players Club members will receive one opportunity to play the Spin to Win Kiosk Game after earning 10 base points on their Players Club card. The kiosk game wheel will include: $250 free play (1), $100 free play (2), $50 free play (10), $25 free play (100), and $10 free play (1,407).
Once the new Players Club member earns 10 base points during the promotional period they must return to the Players Club in order to have the game activated. The promotional offer is valid on the Players Club account until the player uses the offer or the offer is discontinued. Any player that has been tagged as inactive for three years or more may also participate in this promotion but must make the request at the Players Club and earn the required 10 base points to be eligible.
Once a prize amount is awarded on the kiosk it will not be replaced until the start of the next promotional period (month).
Guests must be a new Players Club member or have been inactive for three years or more to be eligible to receive the offer.
Guests may only receive this offer only once in the lifetime of their account.
Offers are valid once the guest earns the required points and is tagged in the system. Offers remain valid until used by the guest or until the promotion is discontinued. Unused, discontinued offers/promotions will not be replaced.
It is the responsibility of the guest, upon joining the Players Club, to ensure that a valid mailing address is provided in order to receive any mail offer.
Use of Players Card is required and must be used and properly inserted while gaming in order register play on the player's tracking system.
It is the responsibility of each participant to be aware of casino announcements for any promotion.
Free Play vouchers are non-replaceable and non-exchangeable.
Must present a valid State/Federal valid photo identification before physical, monetary, or free play prize, award, or offer can be claimed and to join the Players Club.
Must be 18 years of age to play video gaming machines. Please play responsibly.


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Tourism and Parks
Lobster festival named as Top 100 Event for 2008 (07/09/18)
NB 1179
FREDERICTON (CNB) - The Shediac Lobster Festival has been designated as one of the American Bus Association's (ABA) Top 100 Events in North America for 2008. Inclusion in the list indicates that an event offers excellent entertainment value to both tour groups and individual travellers from around the world.
"It is a great honour to have this prominent New Brunswick festival recognized by the ABA," Tourism and Parks Minister Stuart Jamieson said. "This designation shows the festival's commitment to constant improvements to continue to delight visitors from near and far. In addition to sharing part of our culture and heritage, the festival has a significant economic impact for the province, and specifically the Shediac area."
Known as the Lobster Capital of the World, Shediac has hosted the festival since 1949, attracting visitors from around the world to feast on lobster and soak up Acadian and Maritime culture. The festival features seafood, world-class entertainment, a midway, a kids' parade and more. A lobster-eating contest is held each night of the festival, when three volunteers are chosen to participate.
According to studies recently completed by researchers at George Washington University and Dunham and Associates, one overnight visit by a motorcoach group can leave from $5,000 to more than $13,000 in a local destination's economy. Those dollars are spent on lodging, meals, admissions, fees, shopping, souvenirs, services and local taxes.
The ABA's 2008 Top 100 Events selection committee chose the Shediac Lobster Festival from among hundreds of U.S. and Canadian events nominated by state and provincial tourism offices and visitor bureaus. Judges considered the events' broad appeal, their accessibility to motorcoaches and skill at handling large groups, and a variety of other relevant criteria.
Over the past 25 years, ABA's Top 100 Events publication has become an internationally recognized event directory for bus and tour operators, the travel industry and the general public. What began as a way for motorcoach operators to incorporate new product into their itineraries has grown to become one of the most sought-after lists by travel professionals, motorcoach operators and the public. The entire Top 100 list and specific event information is available on the ABA website.
MEDIA CONTACT: Danielle McFarlane, communications, Tourism and Parks, 506-444-4454.


We sell quality printed items at reasonable prices.
There are a lot of places on the internet where you can buy the same items we sell, only they sell them at much higher prices.
We hope that you will consider buying from us.
If you can find it for less go for it, but if we can save you some of that hard-earned money of yours, let us help.


Six women, a 55-foot vessel and one big blue planet to circumnavigate—they did it! After sailing for more than eight months, the Indian Navy's all-women crew arrived in Goa on Monday, marking the successful completion of their historic expedition. Their sailboat, INSV Tarini, was welcomed by Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and Navy chief Admiral Sunil Lanba at INS Mandovi boat pool in Panaji.
The mission, called 'Navika Sagar Parikrama', was flagged off from the same spot on 10 September last year. Led by Lieutenant Commander Vartika Joshi, the crew comprising Lt. Commanders Pratibha Jamwal and Swati P, Lieutenants Aishwarya Boddapati, S Vijaya Devi and Payal Gupta covered a total of 21,600 nautical miles and lasted 254 days. During their journey, the crew crossed five countries, four continents, three oceans, and the Equator—twice. No small feat, this.
The expedition was originally scheduled to be completed last month, after stopovers at four ports—Fremantle (Australia), Lyttleton (New Zealand), Port Stanley (Falkland Islands) and Cape Town (South Africa). A damage in the steering gear forced the crew to take a fifth, unscheduled stop at Port Louis (Mauritius) for repairs.
Here are some snapshots from their journey.
All photos shot by Navtej Singh.
To know more about these six bravehearts, read our exclusive interview with them.


Mrs May's Brexit deal - which she spent months negotiating and had agreed with the European Union - covers the terms of the UK's divorce and the framework of future relations.
Housing minister James Brokenshire confirmed May's plans to the BBC: "The government will commit that the meaningful vote - the deal coming back - has not happened by 27 February, then we will allow a further motion, voteable in parliament, to take place, to give that sense of assurance as to the process moving forward".
The prime minister has to get an agreement with the European Union passed by MPs by 29 March to avoid a no-deal Brexit.
This would give them the chance to block a no-deal departure or make other interventions.
The prime minister wrote a conciliatory letter to opposition Labour Leader Jeremy Corbyn, after he proposed setting her a new deadline of February 26 for winning lawmakers' backing for a final exit deal.
In early November 2018, former British PM Tony Blair called for a second referendum on Brexit, urging the country's parliament to turn down any divorce agreement between London and Brussels and let United Kingdom citizens decide as each option would have negative consequences.
The British government sought to win more time Sunday to secure European Union concessions that could pass parliament and avert a chaotic split from the bloc on March 29. "There needs to be a day when Parliament says that's it, enough is enough".
A number of government ministers will also be meeting their counterparts across the continent this week, in order to underline Mrs May's determination to achieve a deal. "It would be economically very, very unsafe for Britain and for the peace process in Northern Ireland, it would potentially be devastating", Blair claimed.


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The permanent exposition of the Valtice branch of the National Museum of Agriculture is dedicated to historic wine presses and implements used in wine-making.
© Dominika Švédová
Museum of viniculture, horticulture and landscape – Valtice
When visiting the Valtice castle, you can visit a local branch of the National Agricultural Museum, which focuses mainly on the landscape architecture and viticulture of the Lednice–Valtice region.
The museum building is on Valtické náměstí (Valtice Square). It housed the castle's administration for Liechtenstein estates from the second half of the 17th century. It was reconstructed and got its current appearance at the end of the 19th century. – © Dominika Švédová
Historic wine-making presses and tools
A permanent exhibition of the wine-making presses and tools exhibits the historical development of grape processing technologies.
The museum houses a unique collection of wine presses, the oldest of which is a monumental spindle press from 1719, which stands 280 cm (9 feet) tall. – © Dominika Švédová
Landscape of the Lednice-Valtice Area
The natural landscape, ecosystems, and wildlife of the Valtice region.
Historical development of fruit-growing, vegetable-growing and wine-growing
Historic gardening tools used by our ancestors when working the fields and in the gardens, and when processing cultivated crops.
January - March: closed
April: Tuesday - Sunday 9:00 – 16:00
May – September: daily, 9:00 – 17:00
October: Tuesday - Sunday 9:00 – 16:00
November, December: closed
Check the website for up to date information.
60 CZK (€ 2.5), reduced 30 CZK (€ 1.3), up to 18 yr free entry
The entrance tickets to Valtice Castle (basic guided tour) also cover entrance to the museum.
Souvenir shop, toilets at the museum.
Parking for cars and buses is close by, 200 m distance.


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Associate Reformed Presbyterians
You are currently browsing articles tagged Associate Reformed Presbyterians.
May 28: PCUSA/UPCNA Merger (1958)
28 May, 2014 in May 2014 by davidtmyers | No comments
Union of Presbyterians
Ordinarily when you read of an event which brought together two separate bodies of Presbyterians, you would rejoice over the union. But when you read of a conservative body of Presbyterians uniting with a liberal body of Presbyterians, one tends to be sad. And yet the latter is what happened on this day, May 28, 1958 when the United Presbyterians Church of North America united with the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The new denomination arising from this union was named the United Presbyterian Church in the United States of America (UPCUSA).
We have in these historical devotionals spent enough time on the decline of testimony of the historic Christian faith which the Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. has had since the early part of the last century. What you may not know is the history and testimony of the United Presbyterian Church of North America.
It was almost to the day of this union in 1958 that two Scotch-Irish Presbyterians joined together in 1858 to make up the United Presbyterian Church of North America. Those two bodies which made up that union were the Seceders or Associate Presbyterians and the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church. They had in the old country of Scotland left the Church of Scotland, and then immigrated over to what later became America. The latter Associate Reformed Presbyterians had come from a union of the Associate Presbytery and Reformed Presbytery in Pequea, Pennsylvania, on June 13, 1782 (see historical devotional for that date). The primary strength of membership lay in western Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio.
What is even more important than these facts is to sum up their faith and life. With their Scotch-Irish roots, they held to the Westminster Confession of Faith and catechisms as their subordinate standards, exclusive psalmody, Sabbatarianism, being a part of the abolitionist movement, and strong Protestantism. While the psalmody was abandoned in 1925, this church still held to a conservative Calvinism.
All this is then perplexing as to why they voted to merge into the liberal Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. almost one hundred years later in 1958. In less than ten years, the wider body would replace the historic Westminster Standards with the Confession of 1967, relegating the former to a book of confessions.
Words to Live By: All of us need to carefully examine what we will gain and what will be lost in uniting together with others. Our associations matter. Not just who our friends are, but what we read, watch, and listen to, not to mention all the many social, religious and political groupings that we may be involved with, all these things bring influences that affect us far more than we may realize. Which is why prayerful, consistent time in the Word of God is so important, as a anchor against anything that might seek to sway and divert us away from honoring our Lord and Creator in all that we say and do.
Tags: Associate Reformed Presbyterians, North America, Scotland, United Presbyterian Church


The Living Atlas of the World, available through ArcGIS Online, provides easy access to one of the largest, highest-quality collections of ready-to-use geographic information that has ever been assembled. This collection is available from any device, anywhere, at any time and is constantly growing and changing as maps, apps, and layers are added or updated by Esri and the ArcGIS user community. One of the primary goals of the Living Atlas is to make the best information easy to discover and use.
The Living Atlas of the World makes available one of the largest, highest-quality collections of ready-to-use geographic information.
Over the past few years, Esri has been expanding the types of content that it makes available through the Living Atlas. Maps cover a wide range of topics related to people (human systems), the earth (physical systems), and life (natural systems). Human systems content includes demographic and lifestyle maps for the United States, Canada, and more than 120 other countries. A wide assortment of Esri Story Map apps, categorized by topic, can be accessed from the Living Atlas. Layer content includes multispectral imagery, elevation layers, and ecological land units.
What began as a way to build the best, freely available online basemaps is now a resource that extends far beyond basemap layers to encompass imagery, elevation, hydrology, 3D, and other content that can support a wide range of mapping and analysis activities.
The value of the Living Atlas has not only been recognized by the many users who have integrated Living Atlas content into their maps and apps but also by the larger mapping community. In late 2014, the International Map Industry Association (IMIA) honored the Living Atlas of the World with Best Digital Map Product, Best Overall, and the Global Award.
Explore the Living Atlas by directly accessing its content through the ArcGIS Online Gallery featured content section. View the comprehensive set of maps, apps, and tools on a variety of themes available on ArcGIS Online or by using the Living Atlas of the World web app, available from ArcGIS.com.
Content for the Living Atlas is constantly being improved through the efforts of contributors and curators. Members of the ArcGIS community can contribute to the Living Atlas directly by publishing content through ArcGIS Online or indirectly by participating in the Community Maps Program.
Browse the Living Atlas of the World from mobile devices.
Initially, Esri provided ArcGIS Online users with a small set of basemaps and some foundational services such as geocoding and routing. This ready-to-use content was provided so users could easily publish and share maps and apps.
Subsequently, many ArcGIS users offered to share their geographic data with Esri to enhance the coverage and overall quality of the available content. This led to the Community Maps Program, which has significantly improved the quality and coverage of the Living Atlas over the last four years. Several hundred organizations have been sharing their authoritative content and making it accessible to the entire GIS community. By the end of 2014, more than 134 million features had been added through Community Maps contributions. [To learn more about contributing content to the Community Maps program, see " Contributing to Community Maps Made Easy" in this issue.] In addition, many ArcGIS users began publicly sharing maps and layers created in ArcGIS Online for use by others, substantially expanding content for the Living Atlas.
Content submitted to the Living Atlas is reviewed by curators. These curators, who are Esri staff and other GIS professionals from around the world, review content to ensure that it is useful, reliable, and adds value. Each theme in the Living Atlas has its own curator. Content that meets the acceptance criteria is included in the Living Atlas and featured in ArcGIS Online for other users to discover and access.
The new Living Atlas Contributor app allows Esri customers, partners, and staff to nominate their ArcGIS Online items (apps, maps, layers, and scenes) for the Living Atlas of the World and streamlines the review process.
Each item being evaluated for nomination is given a score based on the presence of key elements, such as the summary, description, and custom thumbnail, and characteristics such as drawing performance, cartography, and other characteristics. An item must have a minimum score before it can be nominated for the Living Atlas. Scoring before nominating eliminates numerous emails and phone calls between the item's owner and the Living Atlas curator.
Even if content is not going to be nominated for the Living Atlas, scoring can be a valuable tool for evaluating and improving content before sharing. Anyone can use the Contributor app to score content from a best practices perspective.
Once nominated, Living Atlas curators see the item, review it, and share comments with the item owner. Often these comments identify missing requirements or make pragmatic suggestions. After the contributor and curator agree the item is complete, it is accepted for immediate inclusion in the Living Atlas.
Improve the information products your organization produces with the Living Atlas. Using this resource will help you more quickly create apps; improve analyses and gain insights by using current, authoritative data; and enhance story maps and presentations. Start exploring it on ArcGIS Online.


David and I started Bold & Noble in 2008. David already had an illustration business called Designed By David. The bulk of his work was book covers and he'd become very established in that arena — you couldn't walk into a bookshop without seeing his designs on the shelf. People would often email David to tell him they loved the cover he designed for such and such book, so we were mildly aware there was this positive vibe about his designs. We'd just had our first child and moved 30 minutes outside London to Hertfordshire. My background was also in graphics, art direction and websites. Although motherhood was a delight, I needed something to keep my creativity going. The thought of commuting back into London and leaving our son Wilf in childcare for 12 hour days wasn't appealing to us.
We'd also recently struggled to find lovely wall art for our son's room, so the idea of setting up a business that sold screenprints came to the fore. As designers you have all the right skills to set up a business – you can design a logo and website, shoot the product photography, and create the products.
We were incredibly lucky when Elle Decor, The Times and Livingetc ran features on our work within the first few months of operation. It really helped to get our name out there. Slowly shops and galleries started approaching us about selling our prints. I look back fondly to those first few months were I'd walk down to the post office with my poster tubes propped up on the buggy to dispatch our orders. Nowadays it's a bigger operation, but I like to think we haven't lost any personality or quality. If anything we've improved and streamlined the process for our customers.
I'm a working mum, so I spend a good chunk of my time trying (and often failing) to be good at that, too. Our second child is due in just over a month, so that'll be interesting. Thankfully Sarah and Hannah — who we hired to help with packing and office work — are on hand to seamlessly dispatch our prints and keep the place ticking along nicely.
What would be the title of your memoir? Why?
So Much to Do, So Little Time. I'm naturally optimistic about what can be achieved in a day, but it seems I never learn.
Anything and everything: a news story, the nature around us, other artists, a piece of beautiful typography, a colour, a funny saying or quote. Now that we're running a fully functioning business with part-time employees and overhead, it can be tricky to switch off the business brain and give ourselves time to be creative. In order to come up with new ideas, you need to have the time to play, and it isn't easy getting to that place if you're worrying about your tax return. Thankfully we've got lots of new ideas and designs that we're working on right now, so it feels like a very creative, upbeat time.
The human touch. Working with things that are tangible, that you can feel and smell. In this fast, digital age, we are lucky to still have contact with materials and be part of the process of having an idea and making it a reality.
My grandpa was a designer and cartographer in London from the 1940s to 1950s. When I was young we'd paint and draw together, and as I got older he'd show me the portfolio of his posters and advertising. I remember being gobsmacked at the simple beauty of his designs. He was a real craftsman — back then it was all done by hand, and it took time to airbrush and organize the hand-drawn type. Unfortunately, I haven't inherited much of his patience, but he was certainly the catalyst behind my craft. When he passed away I was given lots of his collected ephemera, like London Underground maps from the 1920s onwards, and I often refer to it for inspiration.
I think we all start off as artists and makers with our early doodles and art projects. Some of us just never grow out of that phase! I've always known I loved making things. It's a joy to have a simple idea in your head that you can turn into something visual or tangible.
I'd like to say I have the time to mull and think over ideas, but juggling design and motherhood means that we don't have the luxury of spare time. I tend to jot an idea down when it crops up, spend the next weeks or months resolving and developing it, before finally finding the time to get something visual on paper.
I'd like to meet Peter Blake — he always seems to be such a humble man and his studio is packed with weird and wonderful collectables. Alan Fletcher was a very witty and succinct designer; I'd like to have talked to him about his work. The sculptor Barbara Hepworth, the ceramicist Lucie Rie, the list goes on… I'd also like to go back in time and talk to my grandpa more about how he worked and what inspired him. I think he'd be proud of what we're doing.
A 1938 poster that my grandpa designed for a Scout Fair in Harrow. It has a prime spot in our home.
I've been a professional designer for nearly 15 years and there's really no way to avoid creative ruts; you have to just go at it head first. My motto is "perseverance works" — just keep plugging away and eventually something good will come out of it.
Where I am now, but a bit older, wiser and slimmer. Maybe I'll have even ironed out my habit of trying to do too much in too little time by then. I'd like things to chug along as they are, with us still making things and having the time to talk to the people who like our work. We're very grateful for our customers.
"My influences are usually more about someone's worldview and attitude rather than their technique or aesthetic."
Love the Moonlight print. Reminds me of art nouveau, which I adore! Congrats on the feature!
Congratulations!!! Love your story and store.
Love your work! Congratulations on being an Etsy Featured Seller and thanks for sharing a great interview!
I love your shop! Thanks for sharing your story with us!
This was one of the most inspiring Featured Seller posts I've ever read! What fabulous designs, and fabulous approach to your business. Thank you for providing such a good example to those of us who keep plugging away. Very encouraging and inspiring!
What a great feature. Lovely personality and wonderful work..congratulations!
Beautiful artwork and story. Congrats and continued success!
Beautiful shop!!! Love your work! Congrats on the FS!!!
What a wonderfu story - thank you so much for sharingj!
Very inspiring story. Great work produced.
You have a lovely selection of prints. Your packaging looks great as well. Congratulations!!!
I agree It can be hard to find ways (and time) to balance being a mom and being an artist. Congrats on the success.
I love reading about how other artists balance their work and family. Best of luck with your new little one, and continued success with your shop!
I totally agree with your comment about designers having all the tools we need. I like to think that I have a tool belt on but instead of a hammer and nails its a camera and film. In my back pocket I have a book on HTML and CSS for quick reference and am constantly walking around holding paper, with a pen tucked behind my ear.
Delightful interview to read through! I especially like her description of the meaning of handmade. It's always a treat to learn more about a successful handmade artist.
. i love the simple color palette, it's so bold and bright. and how cool that your grandfather designed posters too!
Congrats on being featured! Your graphic work is fantastic. Good luck with your endeavor.
I love the title of your Memoir! Trying to do the career change while holding down a full-time job (in graphic design) I can really relate. Congrats on being featured!
I loved reading your story! Great for you to be able to run the business from home and share the joy of your child, soon to be children! You seem like you have a powerful mix of creativeness between you and your husband! Well done! Wishing you all the best!
Love your work and shop so it's a delight to read a about feature about you guys. Congrats on your success so far and may it continue to grow along with your family!
Your screen printing is beautiful!
Awesome designs!! Congrats on the feature.
Congrats on the feature, your work is amazing. I especially love the robot alphabet, my son would love it too!! Best wishes for the new baby.
Great shop! And the book covers of David are fantastic!
I adore your work- very inspirational story too. I hear the working mum feeling!!
Congrats on your feature, I enjoyed reading about the evolution of your company!
Boy do I relate. I am forever overestimating the hours in my day! Congrats on the feature!
Such a lovely shop! Wonderful prints. Many congrats on being featured, and wishing you much success!
I have been in love with Bold and Noble prints for a while now. It was a treat to see them featured!
Love your shop and your feature! Best Wishes in all you do!
Love this shop! Congratulation on feature!
Faved your shop - bliss work - congrats HAPPY ETSYING TO ALL X.
Hooray a featured seller from England! And not only that but one that lives in the same county as me!! I have loved your work since I saw the UK map for sale on a website and now I know more about you I love it even more. One day that poster will be mine!!
Love your story, and love your works. They're great items!
Great stuff, the country maps are very clever. I find old posters and maps so fascinating too. Its as if the typography and imagery from past times can transport us to another world.
Congratulations on getting featured it's nice to see another UK seller! :) lovely story hope your success continues in the difficult economy.
The inspiration you find from your grandfather's work and ephemera collection is my favourite part of this article. Congratulations on this feature of your wonderful prints that are hand pulled! My partner and I also create together, and find the synthesis of two minds very satisfying.
Oh such cool work! Congrats on your feature!
I love your maps! Such a great feature for yall, congrats!
Amazing work. I like how both of you used your existing talents to start a business that was beneficial for your family as a whole. Congratulations on your feature. Wishing you many years of success.
Love this article. Congratulations on your indie success! I loved your recollection of the first big sale orders and pushing the cart filled with poster tubes to the post office. It's inspiring to hear that you consider keeping the personal "mom & pop" essence of your business a priority. Enjoyed this interview very much!
Stellar work. Love your intricate, yet clean design.
Beautiful work, you should be very proud. Congrats.
i have one of your prints (the british isles) and it is gorgeous!
I have long been a fan of your wonderful creations. Great story, congratulations!
Love the moonlight print, beautiful work, congratulations!!
A well-deserved feature spot. My Bold & Noble print is one of my favorite things in my house.
congrats on a great feature. my hubby and i run our business together too so i can stay home with our 4 kids...it's worth it. makes you a little bit of crazy sometimes, but we wouldn't trade it for the world!
Congratulations, I love reading about other art forms and yours has certainly always intrigued me!
Beautiful work! Congrats on the new baby, and on being featured!
You have a beautiful shop!
I love your spectacular designs! Keep me inform and update. Thxs for sharing your story!
Congrats! Your graphic work is wonderful!!
Your designs are so nice and simple, as opposed to motherhood, I would guess :-) Love love love the moonlight print, but that's my vintage spirit. Keep up the great work and congratulations on being featured!
Love the maps! Good luck with both business and new baby!!
Me too re: time vs ambition. Congrats on the feature and your expanding family. It is always great to read about fellow working mums and how they mange. Thanks for sharing!
Enjoyed reading this article. Inherited talent seems to be the norm for most creative individuals. In my case it was my aunt and my mom. All the best for a greater future.
Your designs are awesome, Congrats !!!
Good story! "So Much to Do, So Little Time. I'm naturally optimistic about what can be achieved in a day, but it seems I never learn." So glad I am not the only one! When you figure out how to be more realistic, let me know! :-) Keep up the good work.
Charming! And I agree wholeheartedly - So much to do, So little time! Congratulations!
Getting a write up in Elle Decor is amazing. I love you work and you story. Happy delivery for your new baby as well!
Stunning work! Congrats on your feature!
As a printmaker and print seller, seeing rows of tubes makes me happy :) Thanks for sharing your story with us and congratulations on being the FS!
Lovely work! Congrats on being feature!
Love your work and interview, especially the book title. I always seem to think I can accomplish twice as much as i actually can in a day. Atleast it's better than the other way around.
I enjoyed reading your story, and can sympathize with trying to balance children and work. All the best!
wonderful story - wonderful artwork - am in love with your Noah's ark print!
I love your prints! They're so beautiful and simple. Congratulations on the feature & best of luck for your continued success!
Oooh I love your work. And how wonderful that you have your grandfather's work too.
Love the Noah's Arc poster - so pretty!
I *really* dig the robot. NIce interview!
Congrats on being featured seller! Amazing work.
Love love love the robot alphabet!
I love your work! Congratulations on the feature!
wonderful interview! congratulations on the feature--your work is beautiful!
Wonderful graphic art work! The Noah's Ark print is especially appealling. Thanks for sharing!
Great work!! Enjoyed your feature...congrats!!
Your work is amazing! Loved reading your inspirational story....Best wishes on your new arrival. Congrats on your success!
Very inspiring! Congrats on the feature and on the new baby!
Beautiful interview. Love your work. Yay for us book jacket artists!
Loved reading your story...amazing work!
I've already bought three of your prints and they are just wonderfull..everybody loves them and they are really unique!
Innovative, clever design. Very unique maps. Congratulations.
Enjoyed reading your article. Congratulations and keep on creating new items and encouraging the rest of us to do the same.
Congrats on being featured! Awesome work, loving the "love grows"!
What beautiful work, the photos for the article are very lovely too. Who's the photographer I wonder?
Fabulous work and great story! I love the Hedgerow - Dark Mulberry!
Just discovered this article, so inspiring and you have a stunning selection of items, congratulations!


text:
Inspiring Incredible Change
The Visionary is the most coveted award in retail. For more than 100 years, the National Retail Federation has honored an individual who has served the industry with distinction throughout their career.
Lowe's Chairman and CEO Marvin Ellison is The Visionary 2023 .
Learn more about The Visionary 2023 here.
NRF Foundation Honors recognizes Target CEO as The Visionary 2022
Target Board Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Brian Cornell was presented with The Visionary award – which honors an individual who has served the retail industry with distinction throughout their career – by celebrity guest Earvin "Magic" Johnson.
Introducing The Visionary 2022: Target CEO Brian Cornell
Target Board Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Brian Cornell will receive The Visionary award from the National Retail Federation at the NRF Foundation Honors.
The Visionary 2023
Marvin Ellison, Lowe's Chairman and CEO
Brian Cornell, CEO, Target
Kohl's CEO Michelle Gass
Levi Strauss & Co. President and CEO Chip Bergh
Walmart President and CEO Doug McMillon
NIKE, Inc. Chairman, President & CEO Mark Parker
*Titles and companies as of award date


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HomeScienceResearchers discover new conceptual approach for blood-brain barrier in neuron function, damage
Researchers discover new conceptual approach for blood-brain barrier in neuron function, damage
5 December, 2022 07:13 am IST
Washington [US], December 5 (ANI): There is very little knowledge on how the cells that make up the blood-brain barrier affect the nervous system's functionality, despite the fact that the blood-brain barrier has long been recognised for its ability to maintain precise control over what molecules can enter the nervous system.
"What we know currently about the blood-brain barrier is mostly that we don't know much beyond the basics," said Buck Institute professor Pejmun Haghighi, PhD, who has uncovered a new role for these cells.
Haghighi is the senior author of a study published in the August 19, 2022 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) that offers for the first time evidence, in fruit flies, that signals originating in the cells of the barrier also play a direct role in controlling what happens in the nerve cells the barrier is protecting.
The breakdown of the blood-brain barrier accompanies many neurological conditions, including epilepsy and multiple sclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases of aging, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. "We are finding that the barrier is not just a protective check but also a source of regulation," Haghighi says. "It can cause problems rather than simply being a byproduct of neurodegeneration. We are learning now that there is definitely a two-way street."
The finding introduces a new conceptual approach to looking for therapies that could counter damage caused by neurodegenerative diseases, and devising strategies to get drugs past the blood-brain barrier to target sites in the brain.
Haghighi explains his team's findings as such: Imagine that there is a gatekeeper at a door that checks IDs and ensures that anyone entering is supposed to be there, and also checks the ID of those who entered through a back door and kicks out anyone not supposed to be there. That is the job of the blood-brain barrier.
Now imagine that beyond just being a security check, the gatekeeper also gives out directions about where to go and what to do. The second function is what Haghighi's team revealed.
The team used fruit fly larvae for their study. While fruit flies do not have the complexity of vertebrate blood-brain barriers, many of the properties are the same, in a system much easier to study. The key cells that provide a barrier for neurons in fruit flies are a specialized glia that function similarly to specialized endothelial cells that form the critical part of the blood brain barrier in higher vertebrates including humans.
The investigation began with a focus on enzymes called metalloproteinases because of their potential to be critical in interactions between glia and neurons. Using a genetic approach to look for what regulated expression of these enzymes, the team identified a pathway that is known as Notch signaling. Notch is found in both fruit flies and humans. It is associated with human diseases of the vasculature, dementia and stroke.
"We weren't planning on studying Notch, but we found it was the main player in the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier," says Haghighi. They discovered that Notch signaling in glia regulates the overall structure of the barrier. When the signal is blocked, not only is barrier function impaired, but the "fundamental work of the nervous system is affected," he says, including neurotransmitter release and muscle contractions.
Under certain conditions, manipulation of Notch signaling affected how neurons fired, even though the blood-brain barrier remained intact. That indicated that there is signaling happening in the blood-brain barrier that is beyond just the maintenance of the barrier function, says Haghighi. Breakdown in barrier function may be causing nervous system dysfunction, rather than being correlated with it or even a consequence of other damage.
"Because we are seeing disruption in barrier function, without any obvious leakiness of the barrier, having an effect on synaptic function, this is a conceptual advance," he said, as no one had observed cells from the barrier itself controlling neuron activity before.
"We can't say what is cause and what is effect yet, but we can say that it is beyond just a correlation that some patients have breakdown of blood-brain barrier: it is an important defect associated with neurodegeneration," Haghighi said.
Their findings open up a completely different perspective for developing novel therapeutics aimed at countering damage in barrier function related to neurodegenerative diseases.
To build on this intriguing premise, Haghighi's team is pursuing a number of directions. They have been looking at two of the primary gene mutations in Alzheimer's disease and have found a very rapid breakdown of the blood-brain barrier occurs when these genes are expressed in flies. The team's bioinformatics studies suggest that almost all of the identified genes in flies have homologs in humans and that the functions of many of these human genes are unknown.
Not much is known yet about the human versions of Notch and the metalloproteinases, beyond that a mutation in a human Notch protein leads to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and dementia and that several human metalloproteinases have been found to be abnormally expressed in neurodegenerative diseases and blood-brain barrier defects.
"We are hoping that we can work backwards to understand overall what the relationship is between the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases," Haghighi says. "We are exploring all these signaling pathways to see if we can translate our findings from larval synaptic function to more of a universal age-dependent model of neurodegeneration." (ANI)
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Civic Ed>
Thanksgiving and civility, part 2: Four topics worth putting on the table
Howard Konar
Steve Kull
"Your Thanksgiving table can talk politics and agree on something," write Howard Konar and Steve Kull.
Ariel Skelley/DigitalVision
Konar is the founder of Common Ground Solutions, a nonprofit that seeks to increase civic engagement and improve political discourse. Kull is the president of Voice of the People, a nonprofit that's developing methods for citizens to crowd-source policy proposals with broad appeal.
It's a sign of our fractious age: Each Thanksgiving, as millions of families prepare for the holiday weekend together, we see numerous "how to" guides for navigating and avoiding political discussions. "Even the most innocent mention of politics or social issues could threaten to turn MawMaw's house into the thunder dome," wrote CNN.
No one wants a cable TV shouting match to ruin the holiday. But the idea that we are too hopelessly polarized to have a reasonable conversation about politics is wrong. In fact, on many of our toughest issues, like health care, immigration, taxes and political reform, large majorities of Americans share a remarkable amount of common ground.
Nonpartisan, in-depth surveys show that red and blue Americans routinely agree on many difficult issues — crossing party lines, defying conventional wisdom and finding more common ground than you might expect, and far more than you find in Congress.
Your Thanksgiving table can talk politics and agree on something. Here are four examples of policy areas on which majorities of Republicans, Democrats and independents generally agree.
Health care. More than three in four Americans oppose letting insurance companies charge higher rates to people with pre‐existing conditions, or charging older people dramatically more than they do younger ones. Eighty-eight percent want to make it easier to get generic drugs on the market. Almost eight in 10 want to protect patients from surprise medical bills for services that are out of their health insurer's network.
Immigration. Almost seven in 10 Republicans and Democrats would allow undocumented immigrants brought to the United States as children to stay here for work or study, so long as they pass a background check. Also, 69 percent want more temporary work visas for industries like landscaping and hotels. Majorities of both parties favor deterring illegal immigration by requiring employers to verify employee immigration status using the E-verify system.
Budget and taxes. Majorities of Republicans and Democrats agree on spending cuts and revenue increases to reduce the deficit by $376 billion. They support new taxes on Wall Street, rolling back the recent tax cuts for people making more than $200,000 a year and increasing taxes on alcohol. They also agree on modest cuts to defense spending and on cutting subsidies to agricultural corporations.
Political reform. Almost eight in 10 Americans want to stop the revolving door by banning members of Congress from lobbying for five years after they retire. More than eight in 10 demand real-time transparency from corporations, unions and others on their campaign spending. Almost as many want to keep legal bans in place on political activity by churches and universities that receive tax-deductible donations. More than 70 percent want term limits for legislators, and three-quarters say it's time to give third-party candidates better opportunities to compete in elections.
In other words, pass the pie and keep talking — there's plenty for your red and blue relatives to agree on. Once you find areas of agreement, you're much more likely to have constructive discussions in areas where you don't agree.
Listening carefully to other points of view might even teach all of us something we didn't know before. That would be one more reason to give thanks.
Bruce Bond, Erik Olsen argued until hitting on a common idea - The Fulcrum ›
45 Conversation Starters for the Thanksgiving Table | Inc.com ›
Expert tips for navigating Thanksgiving dinner conversation - ABC ... ›


In a stern move, the government has told taxpayers to file revised Form Tran-1 by December 27, 2017, if they have claimed transitional credit erroneously. Failing to do so could lead to enforcement action, tells the government. The move comes in the wake of some taxpayers availing extraordinarily high transitional credit of Central GST (CGST) which not only differs from the trend of input tax credit of the industry but also not maintained by the concerned taxpayer in the past. Some of the high transitional credits may have been backed with a bonafide explanation or could be a bonafide mistake. But according to the observers, the high transitional credits claimed in many cases are devoid of any bonafide explanation. The government has already started to identify such units and on being caught on the wrong foot could lead to audit and enforcement action.
2.3 Why do we need GST?
2.4 Who will have to pay GST?
Goods and Services Tax is country's most transformative taxation reform after independence. With the Rajya Sabha all confident about the GST Bill, it has affected the common man in multiple ways. With the Bill unifying many State and Central Taxes, it is expected to positively impact the country's GDP by bringing about an increase of about 2%. With many articles of daily use getting cheaper and services getting more expensive, GST Impact on common man is be a mixed bag.
The idea of GST was first suggested in the Budget of 2007-08 by the then Union Finance Minister. However, after constant pondering and redesigning, the Bill came into action on the 1st of July, 2017. In the perspective of many, GST functions as the liberation of our economic imagination, bringing about economic freedom in India. Not only it will make India the biggest democratic and free market but would also change the way India pays its taxes.
The government and many leading newspapers of the country have made an effort to educate the general public about the pros and cons of this reform by bringing out essays on impact of gst on common man and telling benefits of gst to common man in hindi. This has surely ensured a better reach out to a majority of people and spread of knowledge on a wider scale.
The impact of GST on a common man in India is manifold. Not only has this Bill brought down the prices of necessity goods but would also help Indian citizens attain better living standards, eventually. Know, in detail, about the impact of GST on the common man in India!
Cheap Restaurant Bills – In the previously existent scenario, if your restaurant bill depicted an expense of ₹1,000 then, the tax levied on you was about 18.5% which included both Service Tax and Value Added Tax. This brings the bill close to ₹ 1185, without the inclusion of Service Charge. With this reform, the rates have been fixed at a constant 18%. At this rate, your restaurant bill would be close to ₹ 1,180 for the exact same order.
An escalation in Phone Bills – As the states are in charge of the determination of Service Tax, your phone bills would get more expensive now. In the previously existent, you paid a tax of 15% on a bill worth ₹ 1,000 which rounds off to ₹ 1,150. But after this reform, the tax levied on you is 18%, which makes the bill worth ₹ 1,180 for the same amount of services used. With this reform, the telecom rates have risen which means expensive phone calls, internet usage and higher call rates.
Readymade garments get cheaper – Shopping at fashion brands and buying readymade clothes is cheaper now, thanks to GST. With this reform, the previously existent rate of about 12.5% inclusive of Excise Duty and Value Added Tax has been subsumed. In the previously existent scenario, a readymade garment that cost ₹ 1,000 attracted a tax of about ₹ 125. But under this bill, the same readymade garment costs ₹ 1,120 with a levy of 12%.
Owning a four-wheeler becomes more affordable – With this reform, buying a car has become easier, majorly due to the price similarity in the manufacturing and non-manufacturing states. Buying a car is a pocket-friendly option now. Earlier, for instance, on a car worth ₹ 5 Lakhs, the consumer used to pay an Excise Duty of 12.5% along with the Value Added Tax which brought the price of the car close to ₹ 6.25 Lakhs. But with the new regime, the tax price has slashed down to as much as ₹ 35,000 which is a rate of 18% making the price of the same car come down to ₹ 5.9 Lakhs, inclusive of taxes. The new and competitive prices of cars are bound to attract more consumers in the near future.
Phones get pricey – Previously, purchasing an imported mobile phone called for a payment of up to 12.8% of taxes. With the GST slab of 18% incorporating cell phones too, the price of a phone which was ₹ 11,280 (inclusive of tax worth ₹ 1,280) earlier, costs about ₹ 11,800 now.
Prices of LED televisions get slashed – As a part of the Make in India campaign, buying LED televisions and watching your favorite daily soaps are cheaper now. Earlier, a LED TV would call for a levy of about 24.5% making its price worth ₹ 20,000 accelerate to a hefty ₹ 24,900. After the new regime, the price of the same TV attracts a levy of 18% bringing down the price to ₹ 23,600 which makes a difference worth ₹ 1,300.
Buying jewelry articles get extravagant – According to experts, the jewelry articles attract a levy of about 6% which originally was about 2%, making it more difficult for the consumers to buy jewelry and impacting the market altogether.
The impact on online shopping – The e-commerce industry is included in a tax net and under the new regime pays the tax that is deducted at the source for every purchase from the sellers. This has made buying bags, electronics, shoes and many more things more expensive through the online mode. GST has eventually shrunk the profit margins and revision in tax compliance leading to an eventual slash in discounts and freebies for the customers. However, the consumer might benefit from the lower logistical costs and faster delivery in the days to come.
The impact of GST on the consumers in India has been a mixed bag as the prices of goods and services have seen both depreciation as well as escalation this year. However, one can ponder over how gst will benefit consumers in the near future after considering the following points.
Ease of Doing Business – The new reform has made way for a simpler tax regime with fewer exemptions making it easier to do business in the country. The reduction in the mishmash of taxes that were levied previously has brought about uniformity and simplification in the process of taxation. The businessmen experience a reduction in the compliance costs which would otherwise have come from record keeping of various taxes and investment of resources and manpower in the maintenance of those records. The procedures have become more simplified and completely automated for processes such as registration, returns, refunds, tax payments and the likes. There is lesser public interface between the taxpayer and the administration as the interaction takes place through the common GSTN portal. The environment of the compliance has improved with online return filing and online verification of input credits.
Benefit to Consumers – As for the consumers, the final price of the goods has slashed down because of the unrestricted flow of input tax credit amongst manufacturers, retailers and service suppliers. A large number of small retailers are either exempted from taxation or are levied with very low rates of tax. Hence, purchasing from these retailers has become cheaper for the consumers. Also, the average burden of tax on companies has come down which, in turn, has reduced the prices of goods and services leading to an increased consumption and a better market.
Following would be the impact of GST towards individual taxpayers in India.
Simpler tax structure – The merger of all the taxes levied on goods and services has led to a simpler taxation structure. GST bears the character of being extremely simple and transparent in function leading to lesser accounting complexities. This regime has made the manufacturing sector extremely competitive while saving money and time.
Uniform tax regime – GST has brought uniformity in the tax regime as it will float only one or two tax rates across the complete supply chain. This is simpler and more uniform against th previously existent structure. Also, it provides a fair chance to all stakeholders while drawing attention to efficiency and not vantage points.
Greater tax revenues – One can expect greater tax revenues with this Bill as a simpler taxation regime would lead to greater and more efficient compliance, eventually leading to a larger number of taxpayers. This way, the government will be able to earn greater revenues as the cascading effect of the taxes would not affect anymore.
Competitive pricing – On an average, the total tax levied on any commodity manufacture in India ranges between 27% to 30%. This takes up the major chunk of the pricing of the goods and services leading to an incredible rise. With GST, these prices are have come down as the consumer pays a single tax in place of layers of taxes. This has risen the consumption which will be beneficial for the companies and would eventually benefit the market.
Push to exports – As a result of the decline in production costs in Indian market, Indian goods will become more competitive in the international market. This will boost the exports from the country and would give us an edge over the global manufacturers that operate different cost structures. According to a study by the National Council of Applied Economic Research, the GDP of India can be expected to rise anywhere between 0.95 to 1.7% if GST keeps ruling for the next 3 to 5 years.
As per the previously existent taxation system, different laws apply to different states making it cumbersome for those whose business functions across the state borders. Most of the businesses comply with at least 3 different taxes, namely, Value Added Tax, Excise and Service Tax. With GST, there would be uniformity in the taxation across the country. It would allow complete tax credit from the attainment of capital goods and inputs which can later be redeemed against GST output liability. The Bill aims at simplifying the tax hurdles for the whole economy while providing an equal foothold to both big as well as small enterprises.
Who will have to pay GST?
This tax is levied on all manufacturers, sellers and service providers such as telecom providers, consultants and the likes. However, as it is an Indirect tax, the burden is eventually be borne by the consumers. Hence, the consumers are experiencing a considerable dip in the prices of small and medium segment cars, DTH and FMCG products to name a few. Similarly, luxury cars, textiles, tobacco and many more products have gotten costlier.
The Bill will bring about the following benefits for the common man.
Transparency in product pricing – As per the previously existent taxation system, the pricing of every product included a variety of hidden taxes bringing the tax range to 27% to 32%. With the Bill in action, this percentage has dropped considerably making the pricing more transparent.
Uniformity in tax regime – GST has brought uniformity in the tax regime making it less confusing and curbing the previously existent flaws in the regime.
Uniformity in the computation of taxes – As this bill is a cumulation of multiple taxes, the computation of Excise, VAT, Service Tax and CST will not be required making the process of computation easier and uniform.
Availability of more disposable income – As the consumers are paying fewer taxes now, this reform would leave them with more disposable income.
No double taxation – The problem of double taxation has been eliminated with Goods and Services Tax as the consumers are being charged only once for the purchase of any good or service by the government.
Rise in GDP – As GST will lead to more tax accumulation by the state and center, the GDP of the country is expected to rise by 2% over the next 3 to 5 years. This will eventually lead to developed public infrastructure and better market conditions in the longer run.
Discouragement of practices involving Black Money – The rollout of this Bill will curb the practices involving Black Money possibly leading to more income for the government exchequer. This would eventually lead to a better quality of life and more expenditure on public infrastructure.
GST is expected to bring a significant macroeconomic impact in terms of growth, prices and budget balance. With a sprouting service sector, India is already set on the path of high economic growth. Considering the current scenario, focus on consumption based tax rather than on income based tax can provide a substantial boost to the economy and the source of revenue. Apart from a temporary price impact on the Indian economy, one can expect a larger impact on the GST administrative compliance cost which would lead to a rise in tax revenue from the "parallel" or "black" economy.