Looking for fall events & things to do in October? We found fun things to do with your kids pretty much every day of the week! There are Halloween events, Octoberfests, Fall Festivals, Waterfire shows, crafting parties & more.
You can also find a separate list of Trunk or Treats in Kansas City.
What to do during Halloween week?
As Halloween approaches, please also consider the safety of your pets.
We all love to celebrate Fall, Halloween, & pretty much anything that has to do with October.
There are so many fun things to do in Kansas City during October that we rounded all the kid-friendly events up…just for you!
Explore the 60 acres of planted pumpkins, corn, and soybeans, plus another 20 acres set aside for pumpkin entertainment and fun things to do with your family.
Explore the live animal barn, trike path, play yard, Colossal Fossil House, Little Bud's Railroad, old fashion tractor wagon rides, famous pumpkin doughnuts, homemade fudge, and so much more! There are also special events on weekends like Uncle Lester's Pig Races, Antique Pedal Tractor Carousel, and Uncle Earl's Mining Camp.
There will also be live music from The Selle Brothers this weekend!
You can also see live performances from Mr. Stinky Feet throughout the weekend!
There will be live music on Friday and Saturday, but only the carnival on Sunday.
Don't miss this weekend-long, family-friendly event. There will be tons of kids activities and rides. You can purchase "All You Can Ride" wristband specials for $23 on Friday, Oct 5th from 5:00 PM to 10:00 PM, on Saturday, Oct 6th from Noon to 5:00 PM and 5:00 PM to 10:00 PM (each time frame has a SEPARATE Wristband) , and on Sunday, Oct 7th from Noon to 4:00 PM.
There will also be the Gladfest Parade Saturday at 10 am, so be sure to get there early Saturday to get a good spot!
Dogfest at Gladfest will also be from 12 to 3 pm on Saturday.
Every Friday and Saturday through Halloween.
Explore the park & their Halloween themed kids activities! It is a great family night out if you are looking for a fun night with your kiddos. They have some of the best haunted attractions for kids in Kansas City!
There are tons of spooky and scary things to do for Halloween at Paradise Park. Your options range from moderately scary to scare-your-pants-off-terrifying…you choose.
Find more info about these haunted attractions on their website.
This activity is included in The POGO Pass 16 kids activities for less than $40! Purchase a POGO Pass for ONLY $39.95 with code ifamilykc. This is a steal.
Enjoy a Kids Scavenger Hunt, appearances by Sluggerrr and KC Wolf, a basketball bounce house, face painting, interactive activities, food trucks, and more Fall fun. Learn more about the Good for Games mission before you attend!
Come enjoy a fun, fire-filled night at the Country Club Plaza! Your family will enjoy live music, performance art, snacks & more throughout the night. There will be live shows from 7 to 10 pm and bonfires from 7 to 11 pm.
Admission is FREE to this awesome event!
This makes the 30th year of Applefest, so there is definitely something to celebrate! There will be a parade at 10 am on Saturday morning, so come early to check out the tractors, classic cars, firetrucks, and live music.
Shop over 50 art and craft vendors on Main Street in downtown Weston or the unique storefronts that call Weston home. You can also do many Fall activities like watch apple butter being made (& buy some to take home), check out the mini-haybaler, or grab a bite at the Applefest Food Court. Weston's famous apple dumplings, apple pies, and cookies will be available through our local churches.
Kids will love to work the apple press to see how apple cider is made! Fun children's activities both days are planned in the park with Pony Rides, Face Painting, Pumpkin Painting, and Agriculture Education Interactive Games and Activities too.
Admission for Adults is a $1.00 Donation, Kids under 15 FREE.
Enjoy a puppet show, pony rides, live music, and other fun Fall activities! Celebrate Halloween in downtown Kansas City with your kiddos. It is sure to be a fun family day.
Admission is free into the event, but you must pay for some activities like bounce houses and face painting. You can purchase an All Play pass for $5 cash only, so it's not too bad!
Create spooktacular ghosts and spider sucker treats for free at this fun, artsy event!
Come have fun with the whole family! The Harvest Festival features puppet shows, pony rides, historical games, pumpkin for sale and much more!
Come enjoy 3 days filled with Irish music at this fun Fall festival. The festival began in 2000 and has grown every year since. You can even camp near the festival if you want to get in the outdoorsy spirit!
Bring your pets to celebrate Halloween with you! There will be costume contests, Fall vendors, Halloween treats, door prizes and more. Check out the full Howl-O-Ween event flyer here.
Admission is $5/pooch at the gate.
The annual festival is a free family-friendly arts festival that celebrates the Fall! There will be live entertainment, a children's costume parade, festival rides, games, storytelling, crafts, and food for your family to enjoy.
Enjoy the lighting of the "Great Pumpkin Mountain" on opening night. (October 12th) Hundreds of carved, electrically-lit pumpkins will come to life with the flip of a switch!
Angel Falls Trail located next to St. Francis de Sales Church: 900 Ida St, Lansing, KS 66043.
This Fall festival will include live music throughout the fest at Lamborn Farms Amphitheatre, including Rachel Louise Taylor, a rising country talent. You can purchase fall treats and browse the local vendors on the streets. There is something for everyone!
There will also be kids' musician Ry Kincaid. There will be tons of kids activities including a petting zoo, face painting, a Fall Fun Zone, bounce houses, train rides, & a soccer kick station. Come check out all the Fall fun with your kiddos!
Shop the street faire filled with vendors of all types! Unique arts, antiques, and crafts as well as live entertainers and fabulous festival foods. There is something for everyone at this event.
Who doesn't love Christmas in October!? Holiday Mart is the Junior League of Kansas City, Missouri's largest fundraiser. This upscale shopping extravaganza has been a fall tradition in Kansas City for thirty years…don't miss out on the fun!
This family-friendly event is all treats and no tricks and features special Halloween-themed activities for kids plus PEANUTS-themed rides and attractions in Planet Snoopy! Kids can wear their costumes and trick-or-treat with Snoopy and the PEANUTS gang inside Planet Snoopy. You never know which PEANUTS character will be nearby to join the fun with their own festive Halloween costumes!
Check the link above for specific dates and times.
This is known as one of the most haunted places in Kansas City, so definitely worth the spooky adventure! You must be 16 to participate, so it is not for young kids, but a very cool event. You can buy tickets online too.
There is a Pumpkin Patch, Corn maze, hay pyramid, corn box, hay slide, and more fall fun at Deanna Rose Farmstead. You can also visit the animals and year-round attractions in the farmstead. A horse-drawn wagon ride even takes you to the pumpkin patch and back!
Over 200 teams will be competing in the Chili Challenge. There will also be salsa and hot wing contests.
…don't worry, there will be samples! You will also enjoy musical entertainment and fireworks during the weekend. Definitely a fun family night idea!
Come pick up some candy at the Goldfish Swim School trunk or treat right here in Overland Park.
There will be car trunk decorating contests, fun music, giveaways and more fun things to do with kids! Don't miss out on the Halloween fun.
Come honor cancer survivors and fighters by dressing all pink! There will be bouncing, dancing, music, & prizes for the pinkest outfit. 🙂 Wear pink that glows in the dark, or grab a pink glow shirt at Sky Zone.
Come bounce for 2 hours for only $ 20.99. There will also be pink jump socks and pink GLOW t-shirts to purchase, benefitting the American Cancer Society.
Bring your lawn chairs, blankets, and some snacks to enjoy this free family-friendly event at Zona Rosa Town Square. The movie will begin at dusk and all are welcome!
You can even come dressed in your best costume and enter the costume contest.
Come bounce around with Giggles-n-Jiggles Family Fun Center & other local businesses in honor of Zach Pearce. There will be all day jump passes available for $12 or single jumps for $3. There will also be other fun things to do like a Beer Garden, yard games, fire spinners, henna artists, face painting, a pumpkin patch & more fall fun.
Let the kids bounce while you have a fun night out with friends! There's enough time for dinner and a movie. This is a good option for kids of all ages – there will be tons of things to do.
This all-day event will have tons of things to do for kids. There will be a kids zone featuring bounce houses, face-painting, and a slew of games! You can also enjoy yummy food trucks and 50+ vendors selling handbags, jewelry, clothing and more!
This event is free and there will be security present.
This event will take place in Cave Springs Park in Raytown. There will be displays of decorated and carved pumpkins lining the walkways for you to enjoy. This is definitely an event you don't want to miss. There are participants from all over this community who help decorate for the event.
Enjoy a morning filled with pumpkins, games, balloon artists, live music, and trick or treating. You can also buy decorated pumpkins and yummy bakery items at the festival.
Eat, drink and be scary! This is the first annual event and is sure to be fun for the whole family. The kids can hear goast stories at Phantom Fountain at the South side of Barnes & Noble, Boogie with BQ Ocean Blue, See the Guinness Book of World Record's largest snake in captivity – Medusa, & more fun kids activities like dunk tanks, carnival games, and food trucks. There will be kids costume contests, pet costume contests, and adult costumes contests…with spook-tacularly good prizes!
This event features a spooky scavenger hunt, Halloween Lego Activity, a life-size Lego Pumpkin, and much more!
Come after dark to the Night of the Living Farm. The farm will be transferred into a spooky place. Jack O' Lanterns will be your light and lead the way. There will also be a flashlight scavenger hunt, horse-drawn wagon rides, marshmallow roasting, dancing and much more!
Come explore the Savage Ancient Seas to sneak a peek at the Sea Monsters of the past. Wander through the Great Hall, Discover Room, Savage Ancient Seas exhibit & more during the night at the museum! The event is for kids 12 & younger and their families. Dress in your best sea monster costume to spin the prize wheel & win special prizes!
Admission is free for Museum Members and $5 for general admittance. You only need to register children who will be trick or treating in order to receive special BOO!seum bags (not parents). Pre-registering will ensure you get a treat bag.
Get ready for Thanksgiving & in the Fall spirit with ceramic turkey bowl making. There are 2 clay creation events you can choose from for your convenience.
The cost of admission and materials is $20 for the 1st child & $16 for each child after that.
Meet beautiful horses and horse-lovers at the annual Fall Fun Horse Show! This fun family-friendly event is a great way to get into the Fall spirit in a unique way. You can compete, or just come to watch the action!
There will be door prizes will be awarded throughout the show!
This free fun family event is located at the Olathe Community Center. Come trick-or-treat with your kiddos on the trail in your Halloween costumes. This is sure to be a fun family night. There will be food available for purchase from local vendors.
Free parking and shuttles will be available at Olathe North High School (600 E. Prairie Street). Handicap parking will be available at the Olathe Community Center.
Celebrate Halloween a little early with bouncing & games at Above All Trampoline Park! There will be Halloween games, candy, and prizes for the kiddos. There is so much more to do than bounce – play basketball, jump on the giant air bag, dodge ball, jousting, & more.
Trick or Treat at different stations throughout the zoo while you enjoy different Halloween themed activities for kids. Come dressed in your favorite Halloween costumes and hang out with some fun animals around the zoo!
Admission is free for Friends of the Zoo members, or the event is included with regular zoo admission.
Bowl with your kiddos at Summit Lanes Lee's Summit to get in the Halloween spirit. There will be bowling, prizes, and of course candy!
You will get to bowl on parent/kid teams, so you don't want to miss this Halloween event. Come dressed in your best costumes to bowl & collect candy. Call 816-524-3322 to reserve your spot today.
This is a great time to play with your toddlers, without big kids bouncing around. This is just for you and your little ones.
Admission is $12.99 for the toddler and one adult free.
**Ages 7 and under – if they can walk they can jump!
Explore hands-on science activities and labs, snacks, Maker Magic, spooky science stage shows, demonstrations, and a costume contest. There will be spooky science activities for kids of all ages & so much more Halloween fun.
Admission is $8, but only $6 for Union Station members.
This event will be fun for the whole family. Come dressed in your Halloween costumes and experience what Halloween was like in the 1860's. You will get to trick-or-treat around the property & have a fun, safe Halloween celebration.
Aqua-Tots Olathe will be there too!
Pro tip: You can purchase your tickets early here to get $1 off each admission!
Come for a safe fun night trick or treating the whole family will enjoy.
Admission to the event is free, so bring as many kids as you'd like!
There are many influential people from Kansas City are buried at the cemetery. Come run or walk to support the community while getting in the spooky spirit!
This is 2nd annual Graveyard 5L to help raise money for the cemetery. Pricing varies depending on when you register – check the link above for pricing specifics.
This event invites everyone to put on their Halloween costumes and join the Fall fun! There will be fun rides, inflatables and bounce houses, a petting zoo, little kids areas, and other fun Fall games & activities. There will also be food you can buy. You don't want to miss this fun afternoon event – plus it's free!
Celebrate Halloween with an evening of food, face painting, pumpkin decorating, carnival games, candy stations, & more fall fun. Of course, costumes are welcome, so come dressed as your favorite characters. This is event is free for all, so don't miss out on the fun.
The Haunted Swamp is located at the Olathe Community Center. There will be swimming, pumpkin decorating, and a lifeguard trick or treating. Please, no costumes.
Admission is $10 – Residents; $15 – Non-Resident, but parents are free.
You can have your photo taken with the Wicked Queen (12-4) or watch puppet shows from StoneLion Puppet Theatre (12-2). There will be fun, Halloween activities all weekend long at Crown Center. Celebrate Halloween downtown with your family this year!
Come dressed in your costume for free admission to the Halloween skate event. Skate rental costs $2, even with a costume. This is an annual open skate event for Halloween. Enjoy Halloween crafts, photo booth, trunk or treat, exploration kids activities & more Fall fun.
Decorate your trunk & collect candy at the trunk or treat outside, or skate inside!
The Halloween event will be located in downtown, Overland Park. Come dressed in your costume and go door to door to the local businesses. Enjoy live music and games to celebrate Halloween with your family.
Trunk or treat at this FREE community event! Come dressed in your best costumes to get some candy & prizes.
You can also see local fire, police. and big trucks…firetrucks, towtrucks, trash trucks and much more!
Little Blue Valley Park: E. 75th St. and Noland Rd.
This event is FREE for the whole family. If you are looking for fun things to do this weekend, this is it. There will be a petting zoo, pony rides, wagon hayrides, Fall activities, food, & other fun. Stop by on Saturday for Fall fun with farm animals!
Come trunk or treat with your kiddos at The Hope Center's Fall Hope Fest. There will be free food & games for everyone to enjoy. This is sure to be a fun thing to do with your kids…especially to get in the Halloween spirit.
Please bring a basket or bag for treats if you cannot bring your car!
Admission to the annual haunted house is only $1 per person! Dress up in your Halloween costumes & get in the spooky spirit. There will be lots of frights to be had at this fun haunted house. You will also receive a Halloween goodie bag. You can call 816-513-7721 for more info.
We teamed up with Scheels to host a trick-or-treat scavenger hunt on Halloween!
Explore 12 different stations throughout Scheels, where you will collect treats & prizes. The first 1,000 kids (ages 14 & under) will get treats/prizes. Be sure to check the Facebook page for more info on RSVPs and what local businesses we will be partnering with!
Admission to the event is free, but you must RSVP.
This is a free event open to the public at Independence Center. Come dressed in your costumes and collect candy & prizes while playing games! There will be things to do for kids all evening. This is a fun Halloween event to do before you head out trick or treating…or if you have little ones.
We hope you enjoy the month of October as much as we do. There are too many fun things to do in Kansas City, but our Guide to October Events around town will help you sort through what your family wants to do. There are Fall festivals, Halloween festivals, spooky events, fright nights, craft and clay events, a Hocus Pocus showing & so much more.
You can find something to do almost every night of the week!
Be sure to sign up for The Scoop so you don't miss out on all the fun things to do in Kansas City!
Previous story 36 Easy & Fun No Carve Pumpkin Ideas for Kids: Halloween Time!
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About Sarasota
Annette Smith, Realtor
Allen Real Estate Services, Inc.
7131 Curtiss Avenue, Suite 1
Longboat Key, Waterfront Condos Available | Sarasota FL
By Annette Smith 7/23/2017
Lido Key Beach, A Variety of Condos for Sale | Sarasota, FL
Condos for Sale in Sarasota, FL
Soleil is located north of University Parkway in Manatee County. Built in 2016, the townhouses are close to the University Towne Center Mall, downtown and area beaches. Tampa and Sarasota are conveniently accessible from this community.
In addition to the townhouses, Soleil west offers single family home living. Amenities for owners are listed below.
Bocce Bal Court
Browse all condo listings currently available in Soleil. Check out your options and call or email us if you would like details on any of these properties. You can also click the "Request More Info" button for a quick reply on any property.
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Editor's note: This piece was written in the AWWP Teenage Writers Workshop. Look for more writing by young writers aged 12-15 next week.
Last winter, my family traveled to Kandahar to visit our relatives, as we do every year. I really enjoy these winter visits. One day last year, I went to my aunt's house to fly kites and play hide-and-seek with my cousins. They keep cows, goats, sheep, and a horse, and I visited with the animals too.
Another day, I rode the horse. It was a very good day, just playing with my cousins while my mom visited my aunt. Later, my mom wanted to see where I had been. I took her to the animals and one of the cows was giving birth to a calf. That was something! When a calf is born, people cook good food.
Still another day, I went to a wedding party for friends of my cousins. When it was time to leave, however, I couldn't find all of my cousins. They had returned to my aunt's house one way, and I went another way. I was wearing a blue and white punjabi dress. I soon saw three men wearing black clothes and turbans like the Taliban.
"Do you have a little sister?" one man asked.
So I went with her, and I bought food that was very yummy. When my family found me, everyone laughed because I was lost but I was thinking only about food and not about getting home. I was so small then.
And now my cousin had said that I shouldn't go outside to play. I told my story about getting lost to everyone. It was a happy, sad, funny,and joyful winter for me in Kandahar.
I hope you will keep writing too! You painted such a clear picture — I almost felt that I was right there with you. I was very frightened for you when the men told you to go get your little sister! I'm glad everything turned out O.K. I will be glad to read your next story.
It was a pleasure to work on this story with you. Your description of that day and all that you saw, felt, and experienced is lovely and moving.
Look forward to more soon!
Thank you very much for your sweet ideas. They are very important to me.
Thank you for a very moving story. You must have been really frightened when you saw the men. You sound like a very brave girl.
I hope you keep writing about your experiences!
That was a very touching story, I can imagine myself and being in your place. i would have been really frightened if I were you, but you managed to keep calm: well done. I hope you keep writing more!


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Pictured: Pilot, Wisconsin mom and her 13-year-old daughter killed in Hawaii helicopter crash that left seven dead - as rescue crews continue to search for missing body
Amy Gannon, 47, and Jocelyn Gannon, 13, have been identified as two victims of Friday's Kauai helicopter crash
The mother and daughter were on a family vacation from Madison, Wisconsin
Amy Gannon was a prominent figure in the Madison community and was a mentor of child actor AJ Carr, who has starred in This Is Us
The helicopter's pilot has been named as Paul Matero, 69, from the town of Wailua on Kauai
Four other passengers on board the chopper have not yet been publicly identified, but they are all believed to have been Swiss nationals
Six of the seven bodies have now been retrieved from the waters off Kauai
Rep. Ed Case of Hawaii blasted the helicopter tour and small aircraft industry in a press release
By Andrew Court and Lauren Edmonds For Dailymail.com
Three of the seven passengers killed in Friday's helicopter crash in Hawaii have been formally identified by investigators.
Paul Matero, 69, Amy Gannon, 47, and Jocelyn Gannon, 13, were all on board the tourist chopper when it plunged into the sea off the island of Kauai on Thursday afternoon.
The four other people on board the aircraft are believed to be Swiss nationals, but their names have not yet been released. It is reported that they are a family consisting of a 50-year-old female, a 49-year-old male, and two female children, aged 13 and 10.
Rescue crews discovered wreckage of the helicopter on Friday afternoon in waters near the remote area of Nualolo. They have since managed to retrieve six bodies, but are still searching for remains of the seventh person.
Matero was the pilot of the doomed Safari Helicopter Tours aircraft. The company said Saturday that he has 12 years of flying experience. He was a resident of Wailua, a town on the island on the island of Kauai.
Amy and Jocelyn Gannon, from Madison, Wisconsin, were on family vacation in Hawaii.
Amy's husband, Mike, and their other child - 16-year-old son Aaron - chose not to join to join them on the helicopter ride.
Amy and Jocelyn Gannon, from Madison, Wisconsin, were named as victims of the Kauai helicopter crash. The mother and daughter were on a family vacation for the Christmas holidays
Paul Matero, 69, has been named as another of the victims. He was piloting the doomed Safari Helicopter Tours aircraft
Rescue crews from the US coast guard are still searching for the remains of one passenger off the waters of the remote and rugged area of Nualolo
Amy was a 'prominent member of the local startup community and a longtime educator', according to Madison.com.
In 2012, she co-founded the Doyenne Group, a nonprofit enterprise that worked to mentor women who were starting up their own businesses.
On Saturday, Gannon's friend Dorecia Carr said her death would rattle the city.
'She is very important, I mean she owns a huge business in Madison that helps so many people,' Carr said. 'The city is going to be really shaken.'
Gannon also mentored Carr's 17-year-old son, the child actor AJ Carr.
Dorecia Carr said when she didn´t have enough money to move to allow her son pursue his acting career, Gannon put up the money for them to go.
AJ Carr has appeared in 'Chicago P.D.,' 'This Is Us,' and 'All American.'
'She did so much. She paid for us to leave Madison because she believed in him,' Dorecia Carr said. 'So much happened because of her. This is a huge loss.'
In this 2017 photo provided by Durante Carr, Amy Gannon, from left, her friend AJ Carr, former Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker and AJ's mother Dorecia Carr pose for a photo at the state Capitol in Madison, Wisconsin
Amy was a 'prominent member of the local startup community and a longtime educator', while young Jocelyn was a popular student in eighth grade
Paul Matero (pictured) was the pilot of the doomed Safari Helicopter Tours aircraft. The company said Saturday that he has 12 years of flying experience. He was a resident of Wailua, a town on the island on the island of Kauai.
Meanwhile, Gannon's daughter, eighth-grader Jocelyn, was an aspiring gymnast who hosted fundraisers on her birthday in lieu of receiving gifts.
'Our community has lost a wonderful young person, and a family is experiencing immeasurable loss,' a spokesperson from Jocelyn's school district stated on Saturday.
The helicopter - owned and operated by Safari Helicopter Tours - was touring the remote and rugged Kauai coastline, part of which was made famous in the 1993 film, Jurassic Park.
This map shows the approximate location where the wreckage of the tour helicopter carrying six passengers and a pilot was found on Friday
The company uses ASTAR 350 B2-7 helicopters, which sit up to six passengers (pictured)
Safari Helicopter Tours has been in business for over 30 years and uses ASTAR 350 B2-7 helicopters, which sit up to six passengers.
According to the company's website, most of Safari's full-time pilots are military veterans, and all are certified by the Federal Aviation Administration.
Reports say the doomed helicopter was leaving the Waimea Canyon area, known as the 'Grand Canyon of the Pacific,' before the group lost contact.
The helicopter was on the 'the prescribed route that all the tour helicopters are required to fly' and is not believed to have strayed off course. However, the island did experience 'very bad weather conditions' on the day of the crash.
Ladd Sanger, a Texas-based aviation attorney and helicopter pilot who has handled several crash cases involving similar helicopters in Hawaii, said tour operators on Kauai face unique challenges because of weather and topography.
Kauai 'has microclimates, so the weather at the airport is going to be different than up at the crash location,' Sanger said. 'Those microclimates can come on very quickly and dissipate quickly too, so the weather reporting is difficult.'
The aircraft was due back from a tour of Kauai's much-visited Na Pali Coast on Thursday evening, but it failed to return
tTur operators on Kauai face unique challenges because of weather and topography
Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources spokesman Dan Dennison said winter brings more rain and turbulent seas.
'You can have very low ceilings. You can have fog and cloud banks that move in very quickly. You can have heavy rain and strong winds that make flying difficult if not impossible at times,' he said.
The shoreline has beaches that could potentially serve as emergency landing zones, but they are 'few and far between,' Dennison said.
'Kauai is incredibly unforgiving terrain,' Sanger said. 'If you lose the engine there´s just really no place to land on the tour route that they were flying.
The shoreline has beaches that could potentially serve as emergency landing zones, but they are 'few and far between'
Reacting to the crash, Rep. Ed Case of Hawaii on Friday condemned the tour helicopter and small aircraft industry for their apparent failures in safety and regulation.
'Tour helicopter and small aircraft operations are not safe, and innocent lives are paying the price,' Case said in a press release.
Case further cast blame on the Federal Aviation Administration for allegedly ignoring the National Transportation Safety Board's suggestions for safety improvements.
'We know this not only because of repeated fatal accidents and other incidents over the years, but because the National Transportation Safety Board, responsible for analyzing all such accidents, has placed safety improvements for such operations on its highest priority list.
'We further know that the Federal Aviation Administration, responsible for regulating our nation's airspace, has not taken the NTSB's concerns seriously,' he said.
This comes after NTSB aviation accident database listed nine crashes helicopter tour crashes in the last 10 years, including three fatalities.
Additionally, a Hawaiian plane crashed and killed 11 people in June and the NTSB called on the FAA to tighten safety regulations on parachute operations.
The FAA said that it had made changes according to NTSB recommendations at the time.
Pictured: The U.S. Coast Guard searched along the Na Pali Coast along the coast of Kauai on Friday
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text:
\section{Introduction}
Hole-doped
bismuth perovskites $A$BiO$_{3}$ ($A=$ Sr, Ba)
have recently attracted a lot of attention
as one of the few examples of
transition-metal-free high-transition-temperature
oxide superconductors\cite{Cava,Sleight,Kazakov}.
The parent compounds
are no less interesting, demonstrating a variety of
temperature-driven electronic and structural
phase transitions\cite{cox,cox2}. At low temperature,
BaBiO$_{3}$ and SrBiO$_{3}$
are insulators with some characteristic
distortions from an ideal cubic
perovskite crystal structure.
Namely, oxygen octahedra around the Bi
ions exhibit alternating breathing-in and breathing-out distortions
along the three cubic crystallographic directions,
resulting in disproportionated Bi-O bond lengths.
Additionally, the O$_6$ octahedra
are tilted and rotated,
following a $a^{-}a^{-}c^{0}$ pattern in BaBiO$_{3}$
and a $a^{-}a^{-}c^{+}$ pattern in SrBiO$_{3}$
in Glazer's classification \cite{Glazer1,Glazer2}.

The insulating state of $A$BiO$_3$
is often interpreted in terms of a
charge-disproportionation model~\cite{cox,cox2,Varma,Hase}
In this model,
Bi ions with the nominal valency of $4+$
disproportionate into Bi$^{3+}$ and Bi$^{5+}$
as Ba$^{2+}_{2}$Bi$^{3+}$Bi$^{5+}$O$^{2-}_{6}$,
which produces
shorter Bi$^{5+}$--O bonds and longer Bi$^{3+}$--O bonds
and corresponds to the valence electron occupation
changing from $6s^{1}6s^{1}$ to $6s^{0}6s^{2}$ for the two Bi sites.
This scenario, however,
is not consistent with the on-site repulsion effects,
the high binding energy of the Bi-$6s$ states
as observed in Refs.~\onlinecite{Harrison}
and \onlinecite{Vielsack},
or the strongly covalent nature
of the Bi--O bonding~\cite{Harrison,Vielsack,Mattheiss}
and is not supported by spectroscopic
measurements finding little
difference in the Bi valence shell occupations
\cite{Hair,Orchard,Wertheim}.

Thanks to the weakly correlated nature
of the Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ electrons in $A$BiO$_3$\cite{Plumb},
an accurate theoretical description of these systems is
already possible in the framework of the density functional theory (DFT)
and local density approximation (LDA), althougth a more advanced treatment of exchange and correlation effects has been shown to result in an enhancement of the gap and the electron-phonon coupling. The states bridging the Fermi energy are basically unchanged as compared to conventional DFT, indicating that the use of LDA+$U$ or hybrid functionals merely increases the gap value.\cite{Franchini, Franchini2,Korotin,Yin,Nourafkan, Korotin2}
Previous DFT
studies\cite{Mattheiss,Mattheiss82,Mattheiss83,Foyevtsova}
generally find that
the Bi-$6s$ states lie deeper in energy by
several electron volts than the O-$2p$ states,
questioning further the charge-disproportionation model.
In Ref.~\onlinecite{Foyevtsova}, we used
DFT methods to validate an alternative microscopic model
for the insulating state of $A$BiO$_3$,
considered initially by Ignatov\cite{Ignatov},
in which
the hole pairs condense spatially onto collapsed
O$_6$ octahedra occupying molecular
orbitals of the $a_{1g}$ symmetry
while all the Bi ions are close to being $6s^2$,
{\ie}, the following process is taking place:
\begin{align*}
2\text{Bi}^{3+}\underline{L} \to \text{Bi}^{3+}\underline{L}^{2}+\text{Bi}^{3+},
\end{align*}
where $\underline{L}$ represents a ligand hole
in an $a_{1g}$-symmetric molecular orbital on a collapsed O$_6$ octahedron.
Note that in this scenario all oxygens remain equivalent in terms of
charge and the resulting
insulating state should be named ``bond-disproportionated''
rather than ``charge-disproportionated''.

In the present follow up paper,
we intend to better understand the relevance of various interactions
in determining the electronic structure of $A$BiO$_{3}$
and derive its minimal tight-binding (TB) model. Such a minimal model describing the low energy scale states is especially useful in constructing model Hamiltonians including the electron-phonon interactions to discuss aspects such as bipolaron formation and superconductivity in hole or electron doped systems.
We first use DFT calculations to study the hybridization strengths between the constituent
elements of $A$BiO$_{3}$, demonstrating the extreme effects of
interatomic hybridization involving
the Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ orbitals.
Having determined the most relevant atomic orbitals and interactions,
we then study the properties
of our derived TB model as a function of structural distortions in
two and three dimensions. Finally, we explore possible simplifications
of the TB model with a focus on describing low-energy electronic excitations.

\begin{figure*}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{plot}
\caption{
The DFT (LDA) bandstructures of
(a), (g), (h) BaBiO$_{3}$ and its
(b) BaBi,
(c) Bi,
(e) BaO$_3$, and
(f) O$_3$ sublattices.
In (a) - (c),
the yellow-colored fat bands
represent the contribution of the Bi-$s$ orbital,
while in (e) - (h), the red-colored fat bands
represent the contribution of the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital.
The Fermi level is marked with a
horizontal dashed black line.
Panel (d) shows the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular
orbital combination of oxygen-$p_{\sigma}$ orbitals in an
octahedron. The oxygen sites 1 to 6 are coupled via hopping integrals
$-t_{pp} = (-t_{pp\sigma}+t_{pp\pi})/2$. A nearest neighbor TB model fit of (e) BaO$_3$ (f) O$_3$ and (g)-(h) BaBiO$_3$ is shown with dashed lines. In (h), Bi-$6p$ orbitals are added in an extended tight-binding model (ETB) for an improved fit. The parameter values
resulting from the fits are listed in Table~\ref{tab:Hoppings}.}
\label{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

\section{Results and discussion}
\subsection{Bi, BaBi, O$_3$, and BaO$_3$ sublattices of BaBiO$_3$}
In order to study the hybridization strengths between
the constituent elements of $A$BiO$_3$,
we calculate and compare the electronic band structures of BaBiO$_{3}$
and of its Bi, BaBi, O$_3$, and BaO$_3$ sublattices.
It is to be expected that all the conclusions
in this section will be equally applicable to
SrBiO$_3$ because of its close similarity to BaBiO$_{3}$.

The electronic structure calculations are performed
with the
full-potential linearized-augmented-planewave code
WIEN2k\cite{Blaha}.
Exchange and correlation effects
are treated within the generalized gradient density approximation
(GGA)\cite{Perdew}.
For now, we will neglect the effects of
lattice distortions
and consider
an idealized cubic unit cell containing
one formula unit.
A value of 4.34~{\AA} is used
for the lattice constant,
taken as the average over the nearest-neighbor
Bi-Bi distances in the experimentally measured distorted
structure\cite{cox}, and a $7\times7\times7$
k-point grid is used
for the Brillouin-zone integration.

\begin{table}[t!]
\begin{tabular}{c c cccccc c cccc}
& &  \multicolumn{6}{c}{Octahedron} & & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Square plaquette} \\
\hline \hline
O site      && $a_{1g}$ & t$_{1u}$ & t$_{1u}$  & t$_{1u}$  & e$_{g}$  & e$_{g}$ & \hspace{0.0cm} & $a_{1g}$ & e$_{u}$ &  e$_{u}$ & b$_{1g}$\\
\hline
1    && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & 0 & 0 & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ & 0  && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ &0 & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$\\
2 && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & 0 & 0 &  $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ & 0 && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & 0 & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$\\
3   && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & 0 & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & 0 &  $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{12}}$ & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & 0 &  $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$  & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{4}}$\\
4  && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & 0 & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & 0 &  $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{12}}$ & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}$ & 0 & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{4}}$\\
5   && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & 0 & 0 & $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ &  $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{12}}$ & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{4}}$ \\
6  && $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ & 0 & 0 & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}$ &  $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{12}}$ & $\frac{-1}{\sqrt{4}}$ \\
\hline
Energy  && $-4t_{pp}$ & 0 & 0 & 0 & $2t_{pp}$ & $2t_{pp}$ && $-2t_{pp}$ & 0 & 0 & $2t_{pp}$ \\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{The eigenstates and eigenvalues
of an octahedron and a square plaquette
of O-$p_{\sigma}$ orbitals coupled via
nearest-neighbor hopping integrals
$-t_{pp}=(-t_{pp\sigma}+t_{pp\pi})/2$.
For oxygen site indexing and relative orbital phases,
refer to Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(d). Here, the O-$p_{\sigma}$ orbitals' on-site energies are set to zero.}
 \label{tab:3DEigen}
\end{table}

As discussed earlier\cite{Mattheiss, Foyevtsova},
the band structure
of BaBiO$_{3}$ near the Fermi level
is featured by a collection of strongly dispersive
states with predominant Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ orbital characters.
Most of the Bi-$6s$ character
is concentrated in the 8~eV broad lowest band
centered at $-10$~eV [Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}(a)].
In contrast,
in either the BaBi [Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}(b)] or the Bi
[Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}(c)] sublattices,
the Bi-$6s$ band width is less than 1~eV.
This indicates that interatomic hopping integrals
involving only Ba and Bi atomic orbitals are rather small.

Let us now consider
the electronic band structures of the BaO$_3$ and O$_3$ sublattices,
shown in Figs.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(e) and (f),
respectively.
As we demonstrated in Ref.~\onlinecite{Foyevtsova},
it is helpful to analyze the dispersion
of the O-$2p$ states in a perovskite structure
in terms of molecular orbital combinations
of the O-$2p_{\sigma}$ atomic orbitals
in an isolated octahedron.
There are six such combinations
listed in Table~\ref{tab:3DEigen}
with the oxygen sites indexed in Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(d).
For future reference, Table~\ref{tab:3DEigen}
also contains molecular orbital combinations of
the O-$2p_{\sigma}$ orbitals in an isolated square
plaquette. The O-$a_{1g}$-symmetric molecular
orbital combination is of particular
interest as it is the only
combination that is allowed by symmetry
to hybridize with the Bi-$6s$ orbital.
In the calculated band structures of
BaO$_3$ and O$_3$, its character is concentrated
at the bottom of the O-$2p$ band,
mirroring the situation in an isolated octahedron
(see the bottom of Table~\ref{tab:3DEigen}).
As expected, the intensity of the O-$a_{1g}$
character is strongly k-point dependent
in the Brillouin zone of a cubic unit cell,
vanishing at the $\Gamma$-point and reaching
maximum at the $R$-point.
We find little difference
between the  widths (1.89~eV versus 2.28~eV)
and the dispersions of the O-$2p$ bands
in the BaO$_3$ and O$_3$ sublattices,
which indicates that the hybridization between the Ba and O-$2p$
orbitals is much weaker than that between the O-$2p$
orbitals themselves.
This is due to a large separation
between the O-$2p$ and Ba-$5p$ atomic
energy levels as well as a large distance of 3.04~\AA~between
the O and Ba atoms.

We can now appreciate
the enormous effect
that the Bi-$6s$ --- O-$2p$ orbital
hybridization has on the electronic structure of BaBiO$_3$,
whereby the valence band width increases from
2~eV or less in the isolated sublattices
to 15~eV in the full BaBiO$_3$ structure.
After the hybridization, the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital
in an antibonding combination with the $6s$ orbital
lands above the Fermi level [see Figs.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(g) or (h)].
Such behavior of the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital
paves the path for the bipolaronic
condensation of oxygen holes upon breathing distortion,
as will be discussed later.

Apart from being strongly
coupled via $sp\sigma$-type overlap integrals, the hybridizing Bi-$6s$ atomic orbital
and the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital
also take advantage of their energetic proximity.
To demonstrate this, the position
of the Bi-$6s$ band in, {\it{e.~g.}}, the Bi sublattice in Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(c)
has been aligned with that in BaBiO$_3$ at
the $\Gamma$ point where the Bi-$6s$ --- O-$2p$ hybridization
vanishes by symmetry, marking the Bi-$6s$ on-site energy at $\epsilon_{s}$=$-$6.1~eV. Similarly, the top
of the O-$2p$ band in the BaO$_3$ sublattice in Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(e)
has been aligned with the top of the O-$2p$ nonbonding states in BaBiO$_3$.
After such alignments, one clearly sees that the Bi-$6s$
orbital is only about 2~eV below the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital which is much smaller than the hopping integral between the O-$a_{1g}$ and the Bi-$6s$ orbitals.

\subsection{Derivation of tight-binding models for BaO$_3$,
O$_3$, and BaBiO$_3$,}
In order to quantify the
hybridization effects discussed above, we
will now derive minimal
tight-binding models for BaBiO$_3$
and its BaO$_3$ and O$_3$ sublattices by fitting their DFT bandstructures.

In all our nearest-neighbor TB models,
there are two intersite oxygen hopping integrals
$t_{pp\sigma}$ and $t_{pp\pi}$.
We additionally include
an $sp\sigma$
hopping integral between the Ba-$6s$ and O-$2p$
orbitals, $t^{\text{Ba-O}}_{sp\sigma}$,
for the BaO$_{3}$ sublattice
and
an $sp\sigma$
hopping integral between the Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$
orbitals, $t_{sp\sigma}$,
for BaBiO$_3$.
These simple models can nevertheless
provide an overall good description
of the DFT bandstructure, see
Figs.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(e)-(g).
The parameter values
resulting from the fits are listed in Table~\ref{tab:Hoppings}.
The Bi-$6s$ --- O-$2p$ hybridization parameter $t_{sp\sigma}=2.10$~eV
is indeed found to be by far the dominant hopping integral in the system.

Surprisingly, the ratios $|t_{pp\sigma}|/|t_{pp\pi}|=5$ in O$_3$, and $|t_{pp\sigma}|/|t_{pp\pi}|=10$ in BaBiO$_3$
are considerably larger than
the empirical ratio of 3 typically assumed in cuprates \cite{Harrison2, McMahan}.
The origin of such an enhancement of the
$|t_{pp\sigma}|/|t_{pp\pi}|$ ratio is not clear, although
we have ruled out a possible sensitivity
of this parameter to the system's dimensionality and to the O-O bond length
variation by comparing calculations with accordingly modified structural parameters.

\begin{table}[tb!]
 \begin{tabular}{l S[table-format=3.2] S[table-format=3.2]  S[table-format=3.2] S[table-format=3.2]  S[table-format=3.2] }

 & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.5cm}}{O$_3$} & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.5cm}}{BaO$_3$} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{BaBiO$_3$}  \\
\hline\hline
     & TB & TB & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{TB} & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{WF} & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{ETB} \\
\hline
$\epsilon_{s}$                &     &      & -4.73   & -6.93  & -6.2  \\
$\epsilon_{p_{\sigma}} $      &-2.57&-2.92 &  -5.13  & -4.84  & -3.11   \\
$\epsilon_{p_{\pi}} $         &-2.49& -2.82& -3.06   &  -3.73 & -2.78  \\
$t_{pp\sigma}$                &0.26 & 0.30 & 0.63    &  0.64  &  0.4 \\
$t_{pp\pi}$                   &-0.05& -0.01& -0.04   &  -0.03 &  -0.03  \\
$t_{sp\sigma}$                &     &      &  2.10   & 2.31   &   2.09 \\
\\
$\epsilon_s^{\text{Ba}}$     & & 3.47 \\
$t_{sp\sigma}^{\text{Ba-O}}$ & & 0.9 \\
\\
$t'_{pp\sigma}$               &&  &   &   -1.0         &     \\
\\
$\epsilon_p^{\text{Bi}}$      &&  &          &             &  2.1 \\
$t_{pp\sigma}^{\text{Bi-O}}$  &&  &          &             &  2.34  \\
$t_{pp\pi}^{\text{Bi-O}}$     &&  &          &             &  -0.53 \\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{On-site energies and hopping
integrals in eV for
BaBiO$_3$ and its O$_3$ and BaO$_3$ sublattices.
The values are obtained
by fitting either the simplest or the extended
tight-binding (TB or ETB) model
or by using Wannier functions (WF) including Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ orbitals. This choice of WF orbitals results in a large next-nearest-neighbor hopping integral $t'_{pp\sigma}$ between the O-$p_{\sigma}$ orbitals.}
 \label{tab:Hoppings}
\end{table}

\begin{figure*}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{band}
\caption{
The bandstructures and projected DOS
of the 3D (top panels) and 2D (bottom panels) TB models with varying strengths of
the breathing and tilting distortions. Here, breathing $b$ is half the difference between
the two disproportionated Bi-O bond lengths,
and $\theta$ is the tilting angle.
Molecular orbital projections are made for
the compressed octahedron or square plaquette
following Table~\ref{tab:3DEigen},
while the Bi-$s$ orbital projection is made for the
Bi atom located inside the compressed octahedron or square plaquette.
The red-colored fat bands represent the contribution of the
O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital.}
\label{Fig:3DTB.pdf}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

For BaBiO$_3$, we also find that the TB model
parameter values
are in good agreement with hopping
integrals calculated using Wannier function (WF) projections\cite{Mostofi08,Kunes10}, where we only included Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ orbitals, since the low energy states spanning the Fermi energy are primarily of O-$2p$ and Bi-$6s$ character (see the fourth column of Table~\ref{tab:Hoppings}).
However, this technique gives
an unphysically large next-nearest-neighbor
hopping between the O-$p_{\sigma}$ orbitals $t'_{pp\sigma}$.
This result is a consequence of the rather strong hybridization of the O-$2p$ orbitals
with the empty Bi-$6p$
orbitals, which have not been included
in the Wannier basis.
It has motivated us to also consider
an extended tight-binding (ETB) model
with added hybridization
between the O-$2p$ and Bi-$6p$ orbitals (see the fifth column of Table~\ref{tab:Hoppings}).
The ETB model indeed provides an improved
description of the DFT bandstructure [see Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(h)],
but also gives a more realistic value for
the Bi-$6s$ orbital on-site energy $\epsilon_s=-6.2$~eV,
which is very close to the value of $-6.1$~eV
corresponding to the position of the
strongest Bi-$6s$ character band at $\Gamma$ in Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(a).

\subsection{Breathing and tilting distortions in two and
three dimensions}
In this section, we will
consider lattice distortions present in the real $A$BiO$_3$ structure.
We are interested in whether
our TB model
can capture the changes in the electronic structure
due to the lattice distortions as observed in DFT
calculations\cite{Foyevtsova}, such as the opening of the charge gap with
the on-set of the breathing distortion.
Behaviors of the TB model in three and two dimensions
will be compared to study the role of dimensionality in the problem.

Since our focus is mainly on
the top valence band crossing the Fermi level,
which is of the O-$a_{1g}$
symmetry and does not mix with
the Bi-$6p$ orbital,
we will use here the simpler TB model
from the third column of Table~\ref{tab:Hoppings}
with only Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$
orbitals in the basis.
The coupling of electrons to lattice distortions
is modeled through a $1/d^2$
dependence of hopping integrals on the
interatomic separation $d$\cite{Harrison2}.

In order to study
the individual roles of the breathing and tilting
distortions, let us consider four model
structures of $A$BiO$_3$ with the following
characteristics:
(i) $b=0$~{\AA}, $\theta=0${\textdegree},
(ii) $b=0.1$~{\AA}, $\theta=0${\textdegree},
(iii) $b=0$~{\AA}, $\theta=16.5${\textdegree}, and
(iv) $b=0.1$~{\AA}, $\theta=16.5${\textdegree}.
Here, $b$ is half the difference between
the two disproportionated Bi-O bond lengths
and $\theta$ is the tilting angle of the octahedron in three-dimensions, or the rotation of the square plaquette in two-dimensions.
The values of $b=0.1$~{\AA} and $\theta=16.5${\textdegree} in structure (iv)
correspond to the respective strengths of the breathing and tilting distortions
in the experimental SrBiO$_3$ structure.
Because the distortions break translational symmetry,
there are four formula units in
the three-dimensional (3D) unit cell
and two formula units in the two-dimensional (2D) unit cell.

\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l*{7}{C{1.85cm}}}
\hline\hline
      & $t_{sp{\sigma}}$~(eV)
      & $t_{pp\sigma}$~(eV)
      & $t_{pp\pi}$~(eV) \\
\hline
$b=0$~{\AA},   $\theta=0${\textdegree} & 2.1    &  0.63 &   -0.04 \\
$b=0.1$~{\AA}, $\theta=0${\textdegree}
& 2.37  \hspace{0.05cm} 1.96
& 0.71  \hspace{0.05cm} 0.59
& -0.045 \hspace{0.05cm} -0.03\\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Variation of the
nearest-neighbor hopping integrals
in response to the Bi-O bond-disproportionation of 0.1 \AA.}

 \label{tab:hopping}
\end{table}
Figure~\ref{Fig:3DTB.pdf} presents the bandstructures and
the projected densities of states (DOS)
of our 3D (top panels) and 2D (bottom panels) model structures. Molecular orbital projections are made for the compressed octahedron or square plaquette
following Table~\ref{tab:3DEigen},
and the red-colored fat bands represent the contribution of the
O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital.
We find that the models' electronic structures
exhibit similar characteristics
irrespective of the dimensionality.
Close to the Fermi level,
the tilting distortion
opens a gap at around -1.5~eV
and causes an overall band narrowing
while the breathing distortion opens
a charge gap transforming the system into a semiconductor.
This metal-to-semiconductor
transition is accompanied by a shift
of the O-$a_{1g}$ molecular orbital character
into the empty states. Its intensity becomes
k-point independent meaning
that in real space holes spatially condense into
well-defined molecular orbitals on the collapsed
octahedra.
The observed strong tendency towards formation of
molecular orbitals can be due to the fact
that oxygen hopping integrals are rather sensitive
to the Bi-O bond-disproportionation.
As one can see in Table~\ref{tab:hopping},
bond-disproportionation of 0.1~{\AA}~results in 0.4 eV difference in the $t_{sp\sigma}$ hopping integrals for the collapsed and the expanded octahedron.

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}

\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{plot1}
\caption{The charge gap as a function of the breathing
distortion at various tilting distortions
in
(a) the 2D TB model,
(b) the 3D TB model,
(c) SrBiO$_3$ from DFT (LDA) calculations\cite{Foyevtsova}, and
(d) the BiO$_3$ sublattice
from DFT (LDA) calculations.}
\label{Fig:gap}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
Let us also have a closer look at the behavior
of the charge gap as a function of $t$ and $b$.
It is depicted in Figs.~\ref{Fig:gap}~(a) and (b)
for the 2D and 3D TB models, respectively.
In both cases, the gap is linear in $b$
but its $\theta$-dependence is stronger in the 2D case.
Qualitatively our model calculations
can reproduce the
DFT results for SrBiO$_3$\cite{Foyevtsova}
[Fig.~\ref{Fig:gap}~(c)], but quantitatively
the effects of both the breathing and tilting distortions
are rather underestimated, especially in the 3D case.
This is due to the approximations we used in the
model calculations, such as neglecting the variation of
on-site energies
or limiting the number of orbitals.
To exemplify the effect of the latter approximation,
we compare the DFT gap in SrBiO$_3$
with that in BiO$_3$ [Fig.~\ref{Fig:gap}~(d)]. Here,
the $\theta$-dependence of the gap is noticeably reduced,
similarly to what we find in the model calculations
where the $A$ cation orbitals are also neglected.
This suggests that
hybridization with the $A$ cation orbitals
plays a role in determining the size of the charge gap as a function of $\theta$.
 \begin{figure*}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.99\textwidth]{Fig4}
\caption{In (a) and (b),
the full TB (solid line) and the four-orbital TB (dashed line) models are compared
for the $b=0.0$~{\AA} and $b=0.1$~{\AA} lattices,
respectively.
In (c) and (d), the DFT bandstructure  (solid line) and
the single-orbital TB model (dashed line) are compared
for the $b=0.0$~{\AA} and $b=0.1$~{\AA} lattices,
respectively. In (e), the single-orbital $A_{1g}$ coupling to nearest, second nearest, and fourth nearest neighbors are shown.}
\label{Fig:simplemodel}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

\subsection{Tight-binding models with a reduced number of orbitals}
Finally, we discuss possible
simplifications of the $A$BiO$_3$ TB model
that would still allow an accurate description
of low-energy electronic excitations.
As was shown previously,
the bands straddling the Fermi level
are dominantly of the Bi-$s$ and O-$p_{\sigma}$ orbital character. Therefore, a natural simplification of the TB model could be to eliminate the O-$p_{\pi}$ orbitals from the basis. This reduces the basis size
from ten to four orbitals per formula unit.
As one can see in Figs.~\ref{Fig:simplemodel}~(a)
and (b), the four-orbital TB model gives
a good agreement with the full ten-orbital model
near the Fermi level
even without adjustment of model parameters.
Here, the calculations are done for a
face-centered cubic unit cell with two Bi sites,
and the non-distorted lattice [panel (a)]
is compared with a lattice featuring an 0.1~{\AA}
breathing distortion and no octahedra tilting [panel (b)].
The comparison illustrates, in particular,
that the four-orbital model is capable of
describing the distortion-induced
metal-to-semiconductor transition in $A$BiO$_3$.

Despite its reduced basis size,
the four-orbital model, however, contains
redundant degrees of freedom,
as far as low-energy physics is concerned.
They give rise to the bonding Bi-$s$ and O-$p_{\sigma}$
states at $-$10~eV and the oxygen nonbonding
states at $-$3~eV, {\ie} in the energy regions
deep below the Fermi level.
One can take a step further and
write down a single-orbital TB model
with an $A_{1g}$-symmetric orbital at each octahedron site. For this model, which could represent only the low energy scale bands, the basis consists of antibonding combinations of Bi-$s$ and O-$a_{1g}$ orbitals:
\begin{align*}
 \ket{\psi^{A_{1g}}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\alpha^{2}+\beta^{2}}}\Big( \alpha\ket{\psi^{\text{Bi}-s}}-\beta\ket{\psi^{\text{O}-a_{1g}}}\Big)
\end{align*}
where $\psi^{\text{O}-a_{1g}}$ orbital is a symmetric linear combination of O-p$_{\sigma}$[Fig.~\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}~(d)].
Neglecting spin, the effective Hamiltonian in this basis can be written as:
\begin{align*}
&
H = \sum_{i} \epsilon^{c}_{A_{1g}}\hat{c}^{\dagger}_{i}\hat{c}_{i} + \sum_{j} \epsilon^{e}_{A_{1g}}\hat{d}^{\dagger}_{j}\hat{d}_{j}  + H^{c-e} + H^{c-c} + H^{e-e} .
\end{align*}
Here, indices $i$ and $j$ run over collapsed and expanded octahedron sites, respectively; $\hat{c}^{\dagger}_{i}$ ($\hat{c}_{i}$) create (annihilate) a hole on site $i$ and $\hat{d}^{\dagger}_{j}$ ($\hat{d}_{j}$) create (annihilate) a hole on site $j$; $\epsilon^{c}_{A_{1g}}$ ($\epsilon^{e}_{A_{1g}}$) is the on-site energy of the $A_{1g}$  orbital on a collapsed (expanded) octahedron site.
The hybridization terms can be written as:
\begin{align*}
&
H^{c-e} = \sum^{n.n.}_{<ij>} t\hat{c}^{\dagger}_{i}\hat{d}_{j}  + h.c.\\
&
H^{c-c} = \sum_{i}  \sum_{i' \in \{i\}}t'\hat{c}^{\dagger}_{i}\hat{c}_{i'} +   \sum_{i}\sum_{i'' \in \{i\}}t''\hat{c}^{\dagger}_{i}\hat{c}_{i''} + h.c.\\
&
H^{e-e} = \sum_{j}\sum_{j' \in \{j\}}t'\hat{d}^{\dagger}_{j}\hat{d}_{j'} +   \sum_{j}\sum_{j'' \in \{j\}}t''\hat{d}^{\dagger}_{j}\hat{d}_{j''}  + h.c.
\end{align*}
where $<ij>$ represents sum over nearest-neighbor sites, $i'$ and $i''$ ($j'$ and $j''$) are sites at distances $\sqrt{2}a$ and $2a$ from site $i (j)$, respectively [Fig.~\ref{Fig:simplemodel}(e)]. The model parameter values are obtained by fitting to the DFT states closest to the Fermi level.
The parameter values are given in Table~\ref{tab:singleorb}
for lattices with a varying degree of the breathing distortion,
and the fits for the $b=0$~{\AA} and $b=0.1$~{\AA} lattices
are shown in Figs.~\ref{Fig:simplemodel}~(c) and (d), respectively.
\begin{table}[t]
\begin{tabular}{l S[table-format=3.2] S[table-format=3.2]  S[table-format=3.2] S[table-format=3.2]  S[table-format=3.2] S[table-format=3.2]}
\hline\hline
                \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$b$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$\epsilon^{c}_{A_{1g}}$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$\epsilon^{e}_{A_{1g}}$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$t$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$t'$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.0cm}}{$t''$}
              & \multicolumn{1}{C{1.5cm}}{B.D.} \\
\hline
$0.00$~{\AA}&-0.13&-0.13 & -0.45   & -0.09  &  0.10 & 1.00 \\
$0.05$~{\AA}&0.35&-0.51 & -0.47   & -0.10  &  0.11  & 1.46 \\
$0.10$~{\AA}& 0.99& -0.65& -0.48   & -0.11  &  0.115 & 1.68 \\
$0.15$~{\AA}&1.86 & -0.78 & -0.50   & -0.12  &  0.125 & 1.78\\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{The single-orbital TB model parameter values in eV
for lattices with a varying degree of the breathing distortion $b$
and no octahedra tilting.
$t$, $t'$, and $t''$ are the nearest, second-nearest,
and fourth-nearest neighbor hopping integrals, respectively.
$\epsilon^{c}_{A_{1g}}$ and $\epsilon^{e}_{A_{1g}}$
are the on-site energies of the $A_{1g}$-like orbitals
of the collapsed and expanded octahedron. Bond disproportionation (B.D.) shows the number of $A_{1g}^{c}$ orbital holes. }
\label{tab:singleorb}
\end{table}
We find that within the single-orbital TB model
the appearance and growth of the charge gap
with an increasing breathing distortion
can be well described by a splitting
of the two $A_{1g}$ orbital on-site energies, with essentially no
need of modifying the hopping integrals [see Table~\ref{tab:singleorb}].
This model can be interpreted as an effective low energy model of bismutathes that can well describe the bands near the Fermi level and can now be used for example to include electron-phonon coupling keeping in mind the origin of these wave functions and the effects of electron or hole doping looking for possible superconductivity.

 In order to clarify the physics involved in these effective hopping integrals, it is instructive to obtain estimates for hopping integrals, $t$, $t'$, and $t''$ by considering the composition of the $A_{1g}$ orbitals described above. These hoppings can be directly related to our full ten orbital model parameters, $t_{pp\sigma}$, $t_{pp\pi}$, and $t_{sp\sigma}$, with taking into account O-O and Bi-O hoppings only up to nearest-neighbor. In the following, we consider for simplicity a non-distorted case, approximate the coefficients $\alpha$ and $\beta$ to be $\alpha=\beta=1$, and also neglect the nonorthogonality that occurs in the O-$a_{1g}$ orbitals on nearest-neighbors in estimating $t$, since the overlap is only $\frac{1}{6}$.
The $A_{1g}$ nearest-neighbor hopping $t$ [see Fig.~\ref{Fig:simplemodel}(e)] can be written as:

\begin{widetext}
\begin{align*}
&
t=\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}H\ket {\psi^{A_{1g}}_{j}}=\\
&
\bra{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p_{1}+p_{2}-p_{3}+p_{4}-p_{5}+p_{6})\Big)_{i}}H
\ket{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p'_{1}+p'_{2}-p'_{3}+p'_{4}-p'_{5}+p'_{6})\Big)_{j}}\\
&
=-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{6}}\bra{\psi^{s}_{i}}H\ket{(p'_{2})_{j}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{6}}\bra{p_{1_{i}}}H\ket{\psi^{s}_{j}}+\frac{1}{12}\bra{-p_{1_{i}}}H\ket{(-p'_{3}+p'_{4}-p'_{5}+p'_{6})_{j}}\\
&
+\frac{1}{12}\bra{(-p_{3}+p_{4}-p_{5}+p_{6})_{i}}H\ket{(p'_{2})_{j}} = -\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}t_{sp\sigma}+\frac{2}{3}t_{pp} = -\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}t_{sp\sigma}+\frac{1}{3}(t_{pp\sigma}-t_{pp\pi}) \approx -0.64~\text{eV},
\end{align*}
\end{widetext}
The next-nearest neighbor hopping term can be written:
\begin{widetext}
\begin{align*}
&
t'=\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}H\ket {\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i'}}=\\
&
\bra{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p_{1}+p_{2}-p_{3}+p_{4}-p_{5}+p_{6})\Big)_{i}}H\ket{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p''_{1}+p''_{2}-p''_{3}+p''_{4}-p''_{5}+p''_{6})\Big)_{ i'}}\\
&
=\frac{1}{2}\times\frac{1}{6}\bra{(p_{1} + p_{3})_{i}}H\ket{(-p''_{2}-p''_{4})_{i'}}= -\frac{2}{12}t_{pp} =\frac{1}{12}(-t_{pp\sigma}+t_{pp\pi}) \approx -0.05~\text{eV},
\end{align*}
\end{widetext}

and the fourth nearest-neighbor term:
\begin{widetext}
\begin{align*}
&
t''=\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}H\ket {\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i''}}\\
&
=\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}\psi^{A_{1g}}_{j}\Big \rangle \bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{j}}H\ket {\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i''}}=\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}\psi^{A_{1g}}_{j}\Big \rangle \times t\\
&
=\bra{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p_{1}+p_{2}-p_{3}+p_{4}-p_{5}+p_{6})\Big)_{i}}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Big(\psi^{s}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-p'_{1}+p'_{2}-p'_{3}+p'_{4}-p'_{5}+p'_{6})\Big)_{j}\bigg\rangle \times t\\
&
= \frac{1}{2}\times\frac{1}{6}\bra{-p_{1}}p'_{2}\rangle\times t \approx +0.05~\text{eV}
\end{align*}
\end{widetext}
where $\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}\psi^{A_{1g}}_{j}\Big\rangle=-\frac{1}{12}$ is the overlap integral between site $i$ and $j$. The above estimates are within the order of magnitude of the single-orbital parameters in Table~\ref{tab:singleorb} obtained from the fit.
For the on-site energies we have:
\begin{align*}
&
\epsilon_{A_{1g}} =\bra{\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}H\ket {\psi^{A_{1g}}_{i}}\\
&
=\frac{1}{2}\bra{\Big(\psi^{s}-\psi^{a_{1g}}\Big)_{i}}H\ket {\Big(\psi^{s}-\psi^{a_{1g}}\Big)_{i}}\\
&
=\frac{1}{2}\Big(\epsilon_{s}+\epsilon_{a_{1g}}\Big)-\frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}t_{sp\sigma}
\end{align*}
where on-site energy of O-$a_{1g}$ is $\epsilon_{a_{1g}}=\epsilon_{\sigma}-4t_{pp}$ and $\frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}t_{sp\sigma}$ is the coupling energy of Bi-$s$ and O-$a_{1g}$ orbitals.
The change in the on-site energies due to breathing can now be written as:
\begin{align*}
\Delta \epsilon = \epsilon^{c}_{A_{1g}} - \epsilon^{e}_{A_{1g}} = (-2t^{c}_{pp} - \frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}t^{c}_{sp\sigma})-(-2t^{e}_{pp} - \frac{6}{\sqrt{6}}t^{e}_{sp\sigma})\\.
\end{align*}
Here, t$^{c}_{pp}(t^{e}_{pp}$) represent O-O hoppings [see Fig.\ref{Fig:BaBiO.pdf}(d)] of the collapsed (expanded) $A_{1g}$ orbitals, and $t^{c}_{sp\sigma}(t^{e}_{sp\sigma})$ are the corresponding Bi-O hoppings, and we have assumed that Bi-$s$ on-site energies are unchanged. Using hopping parameters of a distorted lattice of 0.1 \AA~from Table~\ref{tab:hopping}, a direct gap value of $ \Delta \epsilon \approx 1.1$ eV is estimated. This value of the gap is comparable to $\Delta \epsilon$ in Table~\ref{tab:singleorb} obtained from the fit.

In Table~\ref{tab:singleorb} we show an effective orbital occupation corresponding to the number of holes in the collapsed $A_{1g}^{c}$ orbital calculated by integrating the projected density of states above the chemical potential as a function of the breathing distortion. Since we have two Bi and two holes per unit cell the number of holes in the expanded $A_{1g}^{e}$ orbital is also 1.0 for no breathing. As the distortion increases we see that the number of holes in the collapsed $A_{1g}^{c}$ molecular orbital gradually moves towards 2.0 at which point there would be no holes anymore in the expanded $A_{1g}^{e}$ molecular orbital. This looks very much like charge-disproportionation. However, in the structure all the oxygens are identical which means that this cannot be charge-disproportionation involving the oxygen. Each oxygen indeed participates in both the collapsed and expanded $A_{1g}$ molecular orbitals however it participates more in the collapsed $A_{1g}^{c}$ molecular orbital than in the expanded one. So again, this has to do with bond-disproportionation. We note however that there is no symmetry change in moving from a bond to a charge-disproportionation picture and so there is no clear boundary but rather a gradual cross-over. A real charge-disproportionation would have to imply an attractive coulomb interaction while a bond-disproportionation results from the electron density changes in the bonds driven by an electron-phonon coupling involving the hopping integral changes.

We can infer the electron-phonon coupling strength from our single-orbital model as the $A_{1g}$ molecular orbital on-site energy lowering in Table~\ref{tab:singleorb}, which is about 1 eV in the presence of the experimental bond modulation of 0.1 \AA~or equivalently $\frac{d\epsilon}{dx}=$ 10 eV/\AA. Given a Raman breathing mode phonon frequency of $\omega_{ph} \approx$ 70~meV\cite{Sugai,Tajima} at $q=(\pi,\pi,\pi)$ for BaBiO$_{3}$ the electron-phonon coupling $g$ can be estimated as:
\begin{align*}
g = \frac{\partial \epsilon}{\partial x}\sqrt{\frac{\hbar}{2M_{o}\omega_{ph}}}\approx 10~\text{eV/\AA} \times 0.04321~\text{\AA}\approx 0.4321~\text{eV}.
\end{align*}
where $M_{o}$ is the oxygen mass.
The electron-phonon coupling $g$ translated into the dimensionless coupling $\lambda$ is:
\begin{align*}
\lambda=\frac{2g^{2}}{\hbar\omega_{ph} W}=\frac{2\times0.4321^{2}}{0.07\times 6}\approx 0.89,
\end{align*}
where $W\approx 6$ eV is the single-orbital $A_{1g}$ bandwidth read from Fig.~\ref{Fig:simplemodel}~(d). Following the same argument we can estimate a value of $\lambda =$ 1.21  for Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$BiO$_{3}$ given a breathing mode phonon frequency of $\omega_{ph} \approx$ 60~meV\cite{Braden} for Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$BiO$_{3}$ and assuming that the bandwidth $W$ is unchanged upon K substitution. These electron-phonon couplings are much higher than what has been obtained from previous LDA calculations on Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$BiO$_{3}$\cite{Hamada, Shirai, Liechtenstein, Kunc, Meregalli, Bazhirov}. Of course, to make a real comparison with LDA estimates one would have to determine the $q$ dependence of this coupling and average this over an assumed Fermi surface.

\section{Conclusions}
In summary, we have studied
the electronic structure of the bismuth perovskites $A$BiO$_3$ ($A$ = Sr, Ba)
using {\it ab initio} calculations and tight-binding modeling.
We found that the hopping integrals
involving the Bi-$6s$ and O-$2p$ orbitals
play a leading role in shaping
the electronic bandstructure of $A$BiO$_3$ near the Fermi level.
A minimal TB model with ten orbitals per formula unit (one Bi-$6s$
and nine O-$2p$ orbitals) was derived and shown
to be able to describe the changes in the electronic structure
due to lattice distortions that had been
observed in previous DFT studies, such as
the opening of the charge gap due to the breathing distortion
and the associated formation of molecular orbitals on
collapsed octahedra.
We also showed that for the purpose of exploring
low-energy excitations in $A$BiO$_3$ this TB model
can be further reduced to a four-orbital
one with one Bi-$6s$
and three O-$2p_{\sigma}$ orbitals in the basis
and even further down to a single-orbital one with a single $A_{1g}$-like orbital at each octahedron site. Within this model, we further estimated electron-phonon couplings of $\lambda =$ 0.89
and $\lambda =$ 1.21 for BaBiO$_{3}$ and Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$BiO$_{3}$ respectively.
This single band model is a good representation of the band structure close to the chemical potential and can be used in a more detailed study including the influence of electron-phonon coupling and possible mechanisms for superconductivity in the doped materials, but one has to keep in mind the rather extended molecular orbital character of the basis states in such a model.

This work was supported by NSERC, CIFAR, and the Max Planck-UBC Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
import string
import os.path
import sys
sys.path.append(os.path.join(sys.path[0],"../.."))

#import glideFactoryInterface
from glideinwms.frontend import glideinFrontendInterface

pool_name=None
factory_name=None
remove_condor_stats=True
remove_internals=True
txt_type='Entries'

# parse arguments
alen=len(sys.argv)
i=1
while (i<alen):
    ael=sys.argv[i]
    if ael=='-pool':
        i=i+1
        pool_name=sys.argv[i]
    elif ael=='-factory':
        i=i+1
        factory_name=sys.argv[i]
    elif ael in ('Entries','Sites','Gatekeepers'):
        txt_type=ael
    elif ael=='-help':
        print "Usage:"
        print "wmsTxtView.py [-pool <node>[:<port>]] [-factory <factory>] [Entries|Sites|Gatekeepers] [-help]"
        sys.exit(1)
    else:
        raise RuntimeError,"Unknown option '%s', try -help"%ael
    i=i+1

# get data
factory_constraints=None
if factory_name is not None:
    farr=factory_name.split('@')
    if len(farr)==1:
        # just the generic factory name
        factory_constraints='FactoryName=?="%s"'%factory_name
    elif len(farr)==2:
        factory_constraints='(FactoryName=?="%s")&&(GlideinName=?="%s")'%(farr[1],farr[0])
    elif len(farr)==3:
        factory_constraints='(FactoryName=?="%s")&&(GlideinName=?="%s")&&(EntryName=?="%s")'%(farr[2],farr[1],farr[0])
    else:
        raise RuntimeError, "Invalid factory name; more than 2 @'s found"

glideins_obj=glideinFrontendInterface.findGlideins(pool_name,None,None,factory_constraints)

# Get a dictionary of
#  RequestedIdle
#  Idle
#  Running
txt_data={}

# extract data
glideins=glideins_obj.keys()
for glidein in glideins:
    glidein_el=glideins_obj[glidein]

    if txt_type=='Entries':
        key=glidein
    elif txt_type=='Sites':
        key=glidein_el['attrs']['GLIDEIN_Site']
    elif txt_type=='Gatekeepers':
        key=glidein_el['attrs']['GLIDEIN_Gatekeeper']
    else:
        raise RuntimeError, "Unknwon type '%s'"%txt_type

    if txt_data.has_key(key):
        key_el=txt_data[key]
    else:
        key_el={'RequestedIdle':0,'Idle':0,'Running':0,'MaxGlideins':0}
        txt_data[key]=key_el

    if glidein_el.has_key('monitor'):
        if glidein_el['monitor'].has_key('TotalRequestedIdle'):
            key_el['RequestedIdle']+=glidein_el['monitor']['TotalRequestedIdle']
            key_el['Idle']+=glidein_el['monitor']['TotalStatusIdle']
            key_el['Running']+=glidein_el['monitor']['TotalStatusRunning']
            key_el['MaxGlideins']+=glidein_el['monitor']['TotalRequestedMaxGlideins']

#print data
txt_keys=txt_data.keys()
txt_keys.sort()

print '%s ReqIdle  Idle   Running  MaxGlideins'%string.ljust('Entry',48)
print '================================================-=======-=======-=======-======='
for key in txt_keys:
    key_el=txt_data[key]
    print "%s %7i %7i %7i %7i"%(string.ljust(key,48),key_el['RequestedIdle'],key_el['Idle'],key_el['Running'],key_el['MaxGlideins'])

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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