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StratVantage – The News – 10/26/01
Nanotubes May Be For Real
I've yammered on before about nanotechnology and the huge disruptive effect commercializing this futuristic-sounding technology will have. I recently put nanotech on the list at the TrendSpot at number 13 after realizing I hadn't added it before. Many readers may have yawned a bit and thought, "Sounds like Star Wars stuff that we'll be seeing in about 20 years."
Welcome to the future. If it wasn't enough of a jolt to realize that 3rdTech is offering the $85,000 Nanomanipulator™ that allows you to manipulate individual molecules and atoms in 3D, or that IBM is makingnanotube transistors in the laboratory, then prepare for the real paradigm shift: Startup Nantero is developing NRAM™, a high-density nonvolatile random access memory chip, using nanotechnology. Specifically, they're using nanotubes, which are long hollow molecules made up of carbon rings. Nanotubes are 100 times stronger than steel, hard as diamonds, and can conduct electricity as well as copper. Typical Nanotube diameter is approximately 100,000 times smaller than a human hair. (Don't get me started on the varying estimates of the width of a human hair. In researching it, I found estimates that varied more than a thousandfold. I even found a tidbit that claimed Japanese hair is twice as thick as European hair. So that's why they appear to be so much better at miniaturization!)The micrograph at right is of a similar memory array developed at MIT. Each square on the grid is 300 nanometers by 400 nanometers.
Nantero claims to have patented a method of using nanotubes as nonvolatile (meaning the contents don't disappear when you turn off the power) memory. This could result, according to the company, in "MP3 players with 1000s of songs, PDAs with 10 gigabytes of memory, high-speed network servers and much more."
The company just received $6 million in venture capital from industry heavyweights like Draper Fisher Jurvetson, and they're definitely not thinking small, claiming their revenue potential exceeds $100 billion.
If that's not enough to knock your socks off, you must be wearing nanotube socks, perhaps made in Japan. Gunze Sangyo, Japan's biggest men's underwear maker in March unveiled a new process to make fabric using nanotubes. Their rough-edged nanotubes conduct heat more than twice as effectively as copper and would initially find uses in heat sinks to help keep microchips cool. The first device containing the nanotubes is expected to reach the market this year. The tubes are already in production at a joint venture, Nano Graphite Materials Inc, in Ohio.
Argonide Nanomaterials uses a technique that explodes a wire with a huge electrical pulse, firing small particles through cold argon gas. The result is a powder that is 10 to 500 times smaller than that produced by other processes. The company recently received a contract from NASA to investigate the new material for on-board water sterilization filters. Their aluminum nanopowder, Alex®, can be used to accelerate the burning of propellants like those used in artillery shells. Argonide also is developing NanoCeram™, ceramic alumina fibers two nanometers in diameter. The fibers could be used in medical applications as an aid to growing bone because of their bio-adhesive properties. NanoCeram fibers also can be used to remove bacteria and viruses from water.
Nanotubes may also provide a means to set us free from oil dependence. Rhombic is developing a technology that uses carbon nanotubes to store hydrogen in a proton polymer exchange membrane (PPEM) fuel cell. Such fuel cells could replace gasoline as a source of power in cars. Rhombic's technique grows nanotubes using chemical vapor deposition. Nanotubes turn out to be a great way to store hydrogen, since the space inside the tubes is just wide enough to contain hydrogen molecules. The company hopes to create highly efficient and cheaper fuel cells that combine nanotube hydrogen storage with their innovative Diamond Exchange Membrane (DEM), which separates the anode side from the cathode side in a fuel cell.
Other companies and researchers are trying to create nanomachines, also known as MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS). In fact one MEMS company,Coventor, a provider of MEMS software, ranked 152 on the Inc 500 list of fastest growing companies in the US, experiencing a 1739% increase in sales over five years. I particularly like one of the phrases from Coventor's Web site: "we work aggressively with customers to summon the future and wire it for power." O, Future! I summon thee!
One of the most promising areas for MEMS development is the routing of optical signals in fiberoptic networks. On these networks today, the predominant way to route optical signals is to convert them from light-based to electronic, perform the routing, and convert back to light-based. This obviously introduces delays in delivering the information to its destination. Various companies have tried to create mirror-based systems to eliminate the conversion process, but these systems tend to be slow and bulky. Switches built with nanoscale MEMS-activated mirrors, however, promise to overcome the limitations of current solutions. That's the approach taken by switch maker OMM. Their MEMS-based optical switches have been carrying live network traffic since early last year. OMM recently announced a 32 X 32 switch which they claim reduces the cost of switching 32 channels by 70 percent.
By now you get the idea that nanotechnology is far from science fiction. It's here, in production, and revolutionizing many industries. I've just scratched the surface here, and haven't even talked about important nanotechnology concepts like self-replication. (For a glimpse of what a future driven by nanotech might look like, I heartily recommend two books: Neal Stephenson's The Diamond Age, and William Gibson's Virtual Light.) Companies who make things for a living need to be aware of the challenges posed by new advances in nanotechnology. Even those who make such old tech products as ball bearings need to be aware. The picture at the left represents a concept of ananoscale ball bearing, which might have the capability to accelerate from zero to 500 billion revolutions per second in a fraction of a nanosecond. No one's building it yet, but just wait.
O, Future! I summon thee!
ZDNet Australia
Shameless Self-Promotion Dept.: Look for a new directory, debuting early next week: Nanotechnology Resources. Frankly, I was overwhelmed at the amount of information on the Net about this technology and thus didn't get the directory finished in time for this article. It will feature commercial and academic resources along with pointers to other directories and link pages.
StratVantage Directories
Sprint Readies Visor Phone Plug-in: A GSM cell phone module that plugs into the PalmOS-based Handspring Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) has been available for some time. Now Sprint gets into the act with an add-on module called The Sprint PCS Wireless Web Digital Link. The gadget allows users to make calls and surf the Web on the SprintPCS network and is expected to begin shipping next month for around $250. Right now, however, you can buy it for $49 from Handspring with service activation. Or, you can get the GSM module, with service from Cingular or VoiceStream, for free with activation. OK, I read that news item in Emazing's Wireless Tip of the Day, and so I go to Sprint's and Handspring's sites to check it out. Nothing. Not so much as a word about this module. Either Emazing has a scoop, or this item is erroneous. You decide.
Track the Crackers: The DShield site is used by firewall administrators worldwide to post information about attempted break-ins. The site collates the information and displays graphs of the most active cracker network addresses and pie charts of the types of exploits attempted. You can even see a five-day "movie" to see how attempts are changing over time. You can also check out your IP address to see if crackers have used your machine to launch exploits.
DShield
Securing Wireless LANs: As I've pointed out in previous issues of SNS, the basic security scheme built in to 802.11b or Wi-Fi wireless networks is easily defeated. So it comes as no surprise that there are folks out there who roam the streets looking for unsecured Wi-Fi connections. What they do with them depends on whether they are white hat or black hat hackers. An article at IBM's wireless site profiles Internet security consultant Peter Shipley, who trolls the streets of San Francisco in his black Nissan looking for Wi-Fi connections. According to Shipley, "A majority of people are running their APs [Access Points] in effectively open mode – basically wide open, no encryption . . . The only true solution I find at this point – and probably in the future – is to set up IPsec. You wish to place your WAPs or APs – your wireless access points – on a DMZ zone. This DMZ zone should be restricted from the Internet and from your internal network. And the only thing you should allow out of this DMZ zone are connections or computers that have authenticated themselves with IPsec." What this means in English is: Set up some primary security on your wireless network, based on a standard called IPsec. Don't trust the built-in security of your Wi-Fi system. Isolate your wireless network from Internet access and from your internal network, and control access to these resources using IPsec.
The High Tech Hunt for Bin Laden: The coalition is using some very high tech gadgets in their hunt for suspected terrorist mastermind Osama Bin Laden, according to a Reuters story. Among the tech are miniature motion sensors hidden on the ground and in rocks that can detect whether caves and bunkers are in use, British Canberra photo-reconnaissance aircraft which can produce images 100 miles from a target, and "keyhole" satellites that can take detailed pictures from space and can be maneuvered into the best orbit to look at Afghanistan.
Coordinated Cyberattacks Stopped on 9/10/01: This item belongs in the Very Strange Coincidence Department. According to California Attorney General Bill Lockyer, well-coordinated cyberattacks that targeted computers in California and 21 countries over three months ended abruptly on September 10th in an eerie prelude to the terror attacks of the 11th. Lockyer said the 120 attacks attempted to strike university, business and government agency computers and were systematic, extensive and appeared to be government sponsored."There's a lot of hacking that goes on that's not this disruptive or expensive," Lockyer said."This was notable in that it was sophisticated enough to be beyond the capacity of ordinary hackers. So it suggests that there's actual government involvement on the other end."The state is working with the FBI to investigate the attacks.
Contra Costa Times
Java Phones on the Rise: Most of your garden-variety pundits and prognosticators won't tell you when they've been wrong. This is unfortunate, because predicting the future is a very risky business, and because of that, much of what you predict turns out to be wrong. Well, I had two predictions go sour so far this year. I predicted that Japan's DoCoMo wouldn't meet their October target for releasing their third generation wireless network. They did. I also predicted that we wouldn't be seeing Java support on phones for a while. There's more than 25 Java phones listed on the JavaMobiles site. Hey, if punditry wasn't hard, everyone would do it!
JavaMobiles
No Comment: Microsoft includes the following statement in the license for FrontPage 2002: "You may not use the Software in connection with any site that disparages Microsoft, MSN, MSNBC, Expedia, or their products or services." InfoWorld
Carbon-Based Computer Memory: In one of those wonderful examples of scientific serendipity, a researcher who was hunting for high-temperature superconductors instead found the first non-metallic magnet to work at room temperature. The material is transparent, flexible, made from buckyballs, an exotic form of carbon in which the atoms form a sphere. Since carbon is much lighter than other magnetic materials, the substance could be ideal for creating computer memories of unprecedented capabilities.
StratVantage Consulting, LLC — Mike's Take on the News 10/23/01
From Evernote:
Clipped from: http://www.stratvantage.com/news/102301.htm
Security Problems Plague All Operating Systems
Alert SNS Reader Larry Kuhn (speaking for himself and not his employer) points out that Microsoft is not the only operating system maker plagued by security problems. This is certainly true, and is a point I have made repeatedly in the past. However, it can't be stressed enough that just because you follow my advice and don't expose Microsoft OSes to the Internet, you can't be complacent. As I always say, if you're not terrified about security, you're not paying attention.
Larry sent along a link to an article written by TechRepublic and published by ZDNet Australia that compares the raw number of bugs for various operating systems tracked through the Security Focus Bugtraq system. Bugtraq is a commonly used repository for reports and questions about security bugs. The TechRepublic article appears to have counted the bug reports for major OSes so far in 2001 and placed the results in this table:
The article makes the point that Microsoft Windows 2000 at number 7 is far from the most-buggy OS, and this appears to be true from this analysis. What's especially comforting for Microsofties is that last year, Windows NT 4.0 was the bug champ, with Windows 2000 taking fifth place. Two factors have probably influenced this better showing: Lots of companies have replaced Windows NT with Windows 2000, and both platforms have benefited from fixing previously reported bugs. Windows 2000, for example, is already on Service Pack 2. (A Service Pack is a compilation of bug fixes that users download and install over an existing installation. SP-2 is 101MB in size; hardly a quick download.)
Now I'm a little skeptical of the numbers, and wonder, as did a responder to the article in TechRepublic's talkback forum, if a raw bug count is really all that relevant. Of more importance is the amount of time for the vulnerability to get fixed, the severity of the vulnerability (is it in the wild, or theoretical?), and the source of the bug report (was it found through a code review or because it has been actively used to circumvent security?). The poster asserts that closed source vulnerabilities (like Microsoft's) are almost always found because someone has compromised the service, since there is no independent review of the code as there is in Open Source Software.
Nonetheless, the results underscore Larry's point: "People shouldn't feel safer only because they're using a non-MS OS. I think that's the only meaningful conclusion that can be drawn from this article. IMHO, there are non-technical folks at the CxO level who read stuff like the Gartner recommendation to ditch IIS and mistakenly come to believe that the same type of risks aren't possible in the alternative environments." I couldn't agree more. Just because you locked the front door doesn't mean burglars can't get in the windows (no pun intended! ö¿ð ).
Incidentally, front page news at Security Focus is a report that a hacker named Beale Screamer has cracked Microsoft's Digital Rights Management (DRM) copyright protection scheme which is planned for use in securing audio files. Another front page article reports that hackers can get users' passwords from Cayman Systems' popular 3220-H DSL router. Both these items underscore the need to not be complaisant or to feel that securing your computer OS is all you need to worry about.
Larry continues, once again making a lot of sense: "Security (or the lack of it) is a multifacted problem – People, Processes and Technology. Any Technologically secure system can be compromised by an untrained person (someone who sets the "sa" password to blank), or by well-trained people who don't follow processes (like stickies on the monitor with passwords written on them, or by not applying security patches as they become available) that ensure the security of the system."
Larry points to an online tool you can use to assess the security of your system, the Microsoft Personal Security Advisor , written by folks right here in the Twin Cities, Shavlik Technologies , who make an enterprise version of the tool. The PSA will check the strength of your passwords and see if you've applied all the relevant security patches on your system. I think everyone in your enterprise should run it and act on its recommendations.
The bottom line is, as much as I malign Microsoft, they're by no means the only folks with security problems. Being the world's most popular operating system means there are a lot more crackers out there trying to break their stuff, and that means their problems are ballyhooed in the press. But, hey, who said being a monopoly had to be fun? There are advantages to adopting Open Source Software for your Internet-exposed Web systems. Such systems are supported by fanatical, and I mean really fanatical, software zealots who consider it a point of pride to find and eradicate all bugs as quickly as possible. Even if Microsoft, or, heck, even Sun, for that matter, gets really serious about security, they will be hard pressed to match the dedication of OSS supporters. If you must use Microsoft software on the Internet, then you must accept as part of the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) the responsibility to constantly update the software with the latest patches and to be eternally vigilant. In larger enterprises, this obligation can translate into dedicating one or more employees to the task.
If you're not terrified about security, you're not paying attention.
Shameless Self-Promotion Dept.: I've added a security news ticker to the StratVantage Security Web page. It scrolls up to date information about viruses, worms, hoaxes and other items of interest regarding computer security. Check it out.
StratVantage Security Resources
Are You Ready for CRM? I've had a problem with the area known as Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for some time. It's a catch-all category for everything from contact management and sales force automation to call center management, database marketing, and data mining. Talk to one person about CRM, and they think you're talking about contact management software like ACT! or GoldMine. Talk to another and they think about email marketing. A third person thinks about call center management. It's too confusing to lump all these customer touch areas under one acronym. Often businesses need help in sorting it all out. Taylor Harkins Group publishes a newsletter that helps companies make sense of the various issues in CRM, and in their latest issue they list questions you should ask yourself to assess organizational readiness before considering a CRM system:
Do you know why your customers buy from you? Can you find prospective customers just like your current customers?
Can you match your key products and services against products and services of your competitors? What are the strengths and weaknesses? Are you selling against them?
Who are future purchasers of your products and services? What do they look like?
Do you know why your customers are not buying from your competitors?
Will changes in the economy have and influence your customer's ability to purchase your products and services? How?
Will changing demographics have an impact on your business? How?
If your product or service is regulated will pending changes in legislation affect your profitability? How?
Taylor Harkins Group
Wireless Videoconferencing: Tandberg of Norway has announced one of the first videoconferencing products capable of running on an 802.11b Wireless LAN (WLAN). The Tandberg 1000 consists of an LCD screen with multiple network interfaces including IP, ISDN, and WLAN. In wireless mode, you only need to plug the power cord in the wall, and off you go. Of course, you'll have to have a compatible wireless LAN running in your home or office first. The company envisions folks just grabbing it and toting it from office to office as the need for videoconferencing hits. The unit requires a PC/PCMCIA card that fits into the slot at the top and interfaces with your WLAN. Pricing starts at $5,490.
And completely off the subject, who else thinks that looks like Ross Perot in the picture to the left?
Life in Prison for Hacking? A new bill being considered in Congress calls for life in prison without a possibility of parole for people who engage in computer trespass, also known as hackers. The Anti-Terrorism Act , AKA the ''Uniting and Strengthening America Act'' or the ''USA Act of 2001'' has lots of folks up in arms about this provision. The Electronic Frontier Foundation has publicly condemned the bill for treating low-level computer intrusion against the government, already a crime under existing laws, as an act of terrorism. Let's keep it together, people!
East Carolinian
Record Industry Profiteering: As if upping the penalties for hacking wasn't enough, our friends at Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) tried to glue a self-serving hacking-authorization amendment onto the Mom & Apple Pie, er, Uniting and Strengthening America Act. The amendment , authored by RIAA lobbyists, would have exempted any actions the RIAA would take to preserve their copyright from the anti-hacking provision. This means the RIAA would have carte blanche to attack anyone who tried to circumvent their copyright or Digital Rights Management (DRM) schemes. That's pretty extreme, and we can be thankful the amendment was dropped.
Cracking Attacks on Pace to Double: According to Carnegie Mellon University's Computer Emergency Response Team/Coordination Center (CERT/CC), attacks on Internet computers should easily double the last year's reported number. Already, the number of security incidents reported has reached 34,754, a 60% increase over the 21,756 incidents logged last year. We're on a pace to see more than 46,000 reported security attacks, more than twice last year's number.
Newsbytes
The Sky Is Falling: The FBI appeared to put their foot in it when they named the file containing the press release warning that Americans should expect additional terrorist attacks. The two-sentence press release on FBI.gov said there "may be additional terrorist attacks within the United States and against U.S. interests overseas over the next several days." That's bad enough, and contributed to the mixed message we're all hearing these days: Be aware and worried; act normal or the terrorists will win. Even more worrisome, however, was the name the FBI chose to give the file that contained the Web version press release: http://www.fbi.gov/pressrel/pressrel01/skyfall.htm. Skyfall? As in Chicken Little? Or as in the novel Skyfall from the '70s? Or as in the name of a Transformer, Skyfall the Action Master (pictured)? The FBI could answer none of these questions, and eventually retitled the file. Things that make you go "Hmmmmmm."
A Sound Link: US Robotics has released a cool gadget that sets up a wireless connection of up to 1,000 feet between your computer and stereo. So if you're tired of listening to your MP3s (lawfully ripped from your own, fully licenced CDs, of course) on your dinky computer speakers, this $100 toy's for you.
Someone to Watch Over Us
In the wake of the terrorist attacks, many people have wondered if one of the new battlefronts will be cyberspace. In fact, in a previous SNS, I reported the cracking of a German Islamic extremist Web site and the posting of subscribers' names on a Swiss server. How well are we prepared for infowar? And who will fight it?
One of the forces that will fight to protect US networks is InfraGard , a cooperative undertaking between the FBI and an association of businesses, academic institutions, state and local law enforcement agencies, and other participants. InfraGard's mission is to ensure the security of critical US infrastructures such as energy, banking and finance, water systems, government operations, emergency services, telecommunications and the Internet. To do so, they work with the National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC), a governmental organization that is dedicated, in part, to "detect, deter, assess, warn, respond, and investigate unlawful acts involving computer and information technologies and unlawful acts, both physical and cyber, that threaten or target our critical infrastructures."
The NIPC and the InfraGard are responding to the requirements of Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) –63, which President Clinton created on May 22, 1998. The directive orders the strengthening of the nation's defenses against emerging unconventional threats to the United States to include those involving terrorist acts, weapons of mass destruction, assaults on our critical infrastructures, and cyber-based attacks. PDD-63 calls for a national-level effort to assure the security of the increasingly vulnerable and interconnected infrastructures of the United States.
While the FBI has called for managers of physical infrastructure to go to a high alert status, it may be even more important for networking and computer professionals to be on alert. This is because many physical infrastructure resources are controlled by computers, and the security of these computers has been compromised in the past. For example, several times this past spring, crackers attempted to gain access to the servers at California's Independent System Operators (Cal-ISO), the agency that manages the state's electrical supply and decides when rolling blackouts will occur. The crackers apparently got close to disrupting the flow of power in California during the rolling blackouts that occurred in May.
Many pieces of critical infrastructure today are controlled by Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, which are basically networked computer systems. Like any networked computer system, SCADA systems can be vulnerable to attacks. Some of these systems, like GE SmallWorld's PowerOn ™ electrical distribution system or Encorps Virtual Power Plant power dispatching system, are based on Microsoft Windows products, and many have Internet-enabled features (using Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS)) for convenience.
Regular readers may remember I am not a fan of Microsoft products being exposed to the Internet. Well, I'm obviously not alone. Industry analyst GartnerGroup agrees:
IIS security vulnerabilities are not even newsworthy anymore as they are discovered almost weekly . . . As Gartner warned in 1999, pulling complex application software into operating system software represents a substantial security risk . . . Microsoft has discussed its Secure Windows Initiative, which details a well-thought-out program for improving Microsoft's development processes to avoid repeating the same security mistakes that led to vulnerabilities in Windows NT and Windows 2000. However, the same old buffer overflow problems appearing in beta Windows XP code raises doubts over whether the security assurance tools Microsoft has implemented will effectively reduce the number of well-known security bugs that continue to show up in Microsoft products. For Microsoft's vision of .NET and Web services to succeed, Windows XP will have to be significantly more secure than Windows 2000 has proven to be; otherwise, Microsoft risks losing some enterprise business to more-secure implementations of Web services.
To reduce their vulnerability, Windows-based SCADA systems may be hardened and protected by third party software, such as that available from Visual Automation . But the fact remains that many critical infrastructure systems are run by software from a vendor that has, to date, had serious problems with security vulnerabilities. And that makes me, for one, more than a little worried. It's one thing for Web sites to be hacked. Even if the companies attacked lose millions, it's only money. It's yet another thing for critical infrastructure systems to be attacked, by joyriding script kiddies or by terrorists; the result could be disastrous. Here's hoping the newly created Homeland Security Agency will act to bolster groups like InfraGard and will issue strong new guidelines for the use and protection of the software that controls vital services.
In the spirit of acting locally, here are some steps, courtesy of InfraGard, that you can take to improve your personal and company security:
Use strong passwords. Choose passwords that are difficult or impossible to guess. Give different passwords to all accounts.
Make regular backups of critical data. Backups must be made at least once each day. Larger organizations should perform a full backup weekly and incremental backups every day. At least once a month the backup media should be verified.
Use virus protection software. That means three things: having it on your computer in the first place, checking daily for new virus signature updates, and then actually scanning all the files on your computer periodically.
Use a firewall as a gatekeeper between your computer and the Internet. Firewalls are usually software products. They are essential for those who keep their computers online through the popular DSL and cable modem connections but they are also valuable for those who still dial in. [Editor's note: I prefer ZoneAlarm , which is free for personal
use.]
Do not keep computers online when not in use. Either shut them off or physically disconnect them from Internet connection.
Do not open email attachments from strangers, regardless of how enticing the Subject Line or attachment may be. Be suspicious of any unexpected email attachment from someone you do know because it may have been sent without that person's knowledge from an infected machine.
Regularly download security patches from your software vendors.
You can also learn more about computer security at the StratVantage Security page. If these measures fail, and your company is a victim of a cyber break-in, it's important to preserve the evidence so the perpetrators can be located. ZDNet recommends you take the following steps:
Record every action you take. Include the date and time.
Preserve evidence, no matter how small.
Think prosecution–every action you take should help build a possible court case against the perpetrators.
Notify key personnel immediately.
Limit the scope of the attack as quickly as possible.
Preserve all audits (disable any system log purges or overwrites).
Implement additional security, if necessary or available.
Review the incident response plan in light of the recent event and revise accordingly. Remember that any response plan is just a "work in progress."
You may be wondering whether you'll be able to prosecute even if you catch the criminals. The National Security Institute maintains a list of computer crime laws by state.
And hey, hey, hey! Let's be careful out there!
InfraGard at Iwar.org
Shameless Self-Promotion Dept.: I've added a new directory to the Directories section of the StratVantage Web site: Email Newsletters. After conducting a fruitless search for a central place listing interesting email newsletters, I decided to establish one myself. I've seeded it with newsletters I receive and find useful. If you've got a favorite, send it along and I'll add it.
Advertising Has Changed: Stan Hustad, a performance coach with PTM Group, quoted a discussion with advertising executives John Partilla and Mike Campbell in his recent newsletter. The pair discussed how advertising will change in the post Tragedy world: "Cynicism will go by the wayside. It's just not cool anymore. Relevance will be really important in terms of how you try [to] tie in what's happened. I see every piece of work that goes out of the agency, [to see] if it has humor in it, if there is humanity in it, a humility that feels appropriate. You don't need big focus groups [to
determine what people want]. You can see it in the faces of people on the street. People are really tender right now. They don't want to be presented with advertising that is too in-your-face." Words to remember if you're planning an advertising campaign. Stan's newsletter, The Coaching Connection, offers tips on self-improvement and performance optimization as well as business and marketing tips. I heartily recommend it.
PTM Group
Toshiba Rolls Out Handheld: Last week, Toshiba became the latest vendor to embrace Microsoft's Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) Pocket PC platform. Microsoft also announced its latest revision of the system, dubbed Pocket PC 2002, available now. This is the first year-named product that Microsoft has released ahead of the year, as far as I can remember. Toshiba, on the other hand, doesn't even mention their new product on their US Web site. Now that's a great way to roll out a brand new product! While many industry analysts predict Microsoft will continue to take share from Palm, the price and still-poor usability will slow their momentum. The Palm platform got a boost recently when Samsung rolled out a new color PDA/cell phone for use on Sprint's cellular network. The unit uses the Palm operating system, comes with 8MB of memory and supports Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), HTML and i-mode's cHTML.
First US GPRS Network Expands: AT&T, which established the first General Packet Radio System (GPRS) cellular network in Seattle a few months ago, is expanding the network to three more cities: Las Vegas, Phoenix and Portland. Unlike the Seattle area, coverage in these new cities seems to be fairly extensive. GPRS offers voice and data, with data speeds as high as 144 Kbps. Typical performance, however, is likely to be 56Kbps, the speed of today's wireline modems. The company said it'll roll out Detroit in the next few weeks, serve about 40 percent of current customers with GPRS by the end of the year, and serve all its markets by the end of 2002.
AllNetDevices
Are U Ready 4 a New Buzzword? Let's see. We've had eBusiness and e-Tail (stupid buzzword alert), eCommerce and m-Commerce (mobile commerce). Next, we'll start hearing about u-Commerce, or ubiquitous, universal commerce. In the future, according to Accenture's think tank, Accenture Institute for Strategic Change, you can wirelessly buy anything from anyone anywhere in the world. (Lest we get too starry-eyed, we need to realize there are places in the world where livestock is the only going currency.) The company predicts 630 percent growth worldwide for net-connected wireless devices over the next four years. Despite its breathlessness, I more or less agree with this forecast. As I've predicted in the TrendSpot , I fully expect ubiquitous computing, where computing becomes not a place you go, but a service you get from your environment, to arrive by the end of the decade. Local area networking schemes like 802.11b (or successors) and Bluetooth are starting to make this happen today. Will this new acronym stick? Well, a casual perusal of the Web using Google turns up some supporters: Visa (who apparently coined the buzzword), the Association for Computing Machinery , and South Africa's McCarthy Online .
How Can You Be In Two Places At Once, When You're Not Anywhere At All? A company called Teleportec has the coolest technology I've seen in a long while. Using three ISDN lines (roughly 384Kbps), a person using their $70,000 Teleportec Podium can project his or her image from the waist up to a remote location and appear lifesized and in 3D. Only one of the men in the picture to the left is really there; the other is hundreds of miles away. The company has tried it out with several businesses. It also makes a large Teleportec Theatre that is 20 feet across with an 11 foot wide "teleportation zone" designed for panel discussions or telemeetings. Given the recent events, all kinds of virtual meeting technology will likely be given a boost (witness WebEx's 30 percent stock rise on the first day of trading after the terrorist attacks). If Teleportec's technology is as good as they say it is, look for them to put the others in the shade quicker than you can say, "Help me, Obie-Wan!" The applications aren't limited to distance learning and business conferencing, however, as illustrated by the Digie award given Teleportec by Realcomm, a realty eCommerce conference.
Teleportec
Encryption a Threat? Alert SNS Reader Jeff Ellsworth sends along this article regarding the role encryption may have played in the recent tragedy. There is evidence that terrorists have used commonly available Public Key Encryption techniques as well as the more sophisticated steganography methods in their communications. Steganography is the embedding of secret messages in binary files such as image files or music files. The sender changes a few bits in the file and the result is invisible when viewed or listened to. There have been claims that the terrorists regularly used pornography files to communicate. Now Sen. Judd Gregg (R-N.H.) has proposed making it mandatory that software developers give government security agents the "keys" to encryption programs when they are created. The government tried this once before, in 1993 with a technology called the Clipper Chip . The idea was everyone would use the government's encryption scheme, which had a "law enforcement back door." This scheme was roundly criticized as unworkable by pretty much every knowledgeable security expert. Three main criticisms illustrate the folly of the Clipper Chip:1) Because the government would keep the Clipper methodology secret, the security community couldn't point out any deficiencies
2) Crackers would inevitably find ways to use the back door to their advantage
3) Nobody in their right minds outside of the US would ever use this technology if the US government could eavesdrop on them, thus it would be useless in protecting us from foreign terrorists
I really hope we don't need to go down the Clipper path yet again. Phil Zimmermann, the creator of Pretty Good Privacy, a popular encryption technology, believes human footwork will be more useful in catching terrorists than more surveillance technologies: "It's not practical to frisk everyone on the planet to find the one person with a box cutter."
WashTech.com
Unsafe At Any Speed? Alert SNS Reader Bill Lehnertz sent along a pointer to a McKinsey Quarterly article, How Fast is Too Fast? It's a nice analysis of the "Internet time" mania that gripped many of the dot-coms. The authors studied 80 Internet companies, including business-to-consumer (B2C) companies, business-to-business (B2B) companies, and infrastructure providers. They tried to determine the speed with which each built its business—and the outcome. One of the companies examined is my favorite dot-com/exchange success story: Altra Energy.
McKinsey Quarterly (registration required)
StratVantage Consulting, LLC — StratVantage News Summary 10/02/01
Wireless Almost Usable
User interface guru Jakob Nielsen has been a curmudgeon about wireless devices ever since they started sprouting interactive features. He's an advocate of the plain and simple, and of intuitive interfaces. So there's no wonder he hated the phones that make you press the "7" key four times to type an "S". After his visit to the recent DEMOmobile conference in La Jolla, California, however, Nielsen's changing his tune, at least somewhat.
First off, he found a number of interesting wireless developments at the conference:
iPaq is now the mobile device of choice and was the platform for almost all new services. I've noted this trend myself, and that has led to a re-ranking of Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) technology in the TrendSpot this month. According to Nielsen, last year, most start-ups based their systems on Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) phones, which is now widely viewed as a limited and wounded technology. At the conference, virtually all presenters now see WAP as doomed. Nielsen, a strong WAP opponent, agrees: "Think of the hundreds of millions of dollars that could have been saved last year if the VCs had bothered running a WAP usability study ."
Palm is still around, but used by dramatically fewer services at this year's conference than last year. Palm's inability to capitalize on its command lead in PDA sales by offering a decent development environment may have led to its loss of market share. Its primary advantages nowadays are its ubiquity and its smaller size. Plus, it may have been a blunder to offer a proprietary device plug in standard, unlike the iPaq and other Pocket PC PDAs, which use standard PC Cards. Sony may yet be able to morph the Palm into a consumer device, but the ease of programming and porting existing applications onto the Pocket PC platform could well spell the end of Palm's dominance.
The PC is emerging as a personal server that supports a user's mobile devices, often through its wired Internet connection. This is an interesting new trend, an extension of the PC's role in synching contact and calendar information. For example, SimpleDevices downloads music to the PC and transmits the audio files wirelessly to the user's car when it is within range. How cool is that? Nielsen notes that although SimpleDevices can't support real-time news, it does offer a virtual broadband connection to the car.
Cheap humans add value to the network. (Editorial Aside: One of the problems of this world is that there are cheap humans, IMHO). "Copytalk and Webhelp both presented ingenious ways of injecting full intelligence into a mobile system," Nielsen said. "Users simply speak their information request; the system then compresses the audio recording into a data file and transmits it through the Internet, to locations where highly qualified labor is virtually free." This makes possible all kinds of services, such as a human-powered AskJeeves -like service. According to Nielsen, a human expert at web searching could research the user's question and transmit the answer back for less than a dollar. Once the answer arrives, it can be converted to speech using text-to-speech synthesis and played for the user.
802.11 is now the wireless connectivity of choice and, according to Nielsen, was used by almost everybody at the conference. This is a big change from last year, when Bluetooth was on the rise. This year, Bluetoon was almost gone, Nielsen said. Followers of the TrendSpot know that I have downgraded Bluetooth consistently over the last three months, and this month is no different. But now there's a growing feeling that 802.11b, the short range wireless network technology, combined with Voice over IP (VoIP), a technology that routes phone calls over the Internet, could threaten cell phone networks as well. This has given 802.11b a boost in the TrendSpot rankings this month.
Although Nielsen was generally positive about one new device that debuted at the show, Danger Research's Hiptop (OK, that's a stupid name alert times two!), he had some criticisms of its user interface. The Hiptop, which people at the show were calling the Danger Device, is a 6-ounce Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and a cell phone device with a a small but readable grayscale screen. The device has a thumbwheel control and a few visible buttons, leaving most of the room for the screen. You can browse the Web (with full graphics), send and receive e-mail and instant messages, or use it as a phone. The Hiptop also lets you take pictures, and play video games and other Java programs. What's really nice, however, is the teeny thumb keyboard that you can expose by twisting the device.
The bummer for US wireless users, however, is that the Hiptop is a GSM phone, which means only Cingular and Voicestream will be able to sell it here, for about $200. Since GSM networks in the US are just getting started, that means accepting less-than-optimal coverage for the privilege of having the coolest wireless device on the block.
Nielsen is not convinced that tiny keyboards are the solution for mobile devices, putting his bets on improved handwriting recognition (it would have to improve a lot to read mine) and voice recognition. He also doesn't like trackwheels, calling them unnatural (but then so was the mouse the first time you used it, yes?).
Whether the Danger device becomes the next big thing here will depend a lot on the progress of GSM and its successor, GPRS, in the US. With the first GPRS networks launched recently in China, England, and, incredibly, Seattle , the pervasiveness of this particular device will depend a lot on how quickly wireless network providers build out their networks.
UseIt.com
Nokia Covering Its Bets: As reported in issues of SNS (here and here ), Nokia is very interested in m-commerce (mobile eCommerce). In addition to its joint SmartCover effort with Sodexho and its dual chip test with Visa, Nokia is collaborating with IBM, Luottokunta and Radiolinja to pilot secure credit card payments using a mobile phone wallet application. The participants hope to demonstrate using the wallet for transferring payments and loyalty program information, and WIM (Wireless Identity Module) for making non-repudiated transactions. The parties are in the process of choosing suitable merchants for the pilot, which will start in the fourth quarter of 2001 in Finland.
Java on the Phone – Your Desktop Phone: By now my prediction last spring that it would be a while before we saw Java on mobile phones seems pretty ludicrous. Not long after I made the prediction, Korea's LG Telecom introduced a Java-enabled cell phone in July, Nextel announced a Java cell phone, and Nokia smart phones, available outside the United States, began using Java applications. Now Kada™ Systems has announced that Cisco will build their Java technology into its Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) non-mobile desktop phones. Sometimes the magic works, and sometimes it doesn't.
Kada Systems
Single Sign-On = Liberty? Nokia, Cisco, Dun & Bradstreet, Sony, Sun and many other companies have announced that they will co-found the Liberty Alliance Project "to create an open, standards-based solution for network identity and authentication to provide single sign-on to the internet and to the mobile Internet." They propose to do this through a technique they're calling federated identity. "In a federated view of the world, a person's online identity, their personal profile, personalized online configurations, buying habits and history, and shopping preferences are administered by users, yet securely shared with the organizations of their choosing. A federated identity model will enable every business or user to manage their own data, and ensure that the use of critical personal information is managed and distributed by the appropriate parties, rather than a central authority."
Notably missing from the roster of founding members is Microsoft, which wants the world to adopt its proprietary Passport technology. About the name Liberty Project, though: I squirm a bit when I see projects named in this manner. What's next? The Mom & Apple Pie Project? Nevertheless, it's way too early to say whether this project will enhance our online freedom or detract from it.
Project Liberty
Too Many Clues: Was I the only one who thought the abundance of clues left by the terrorist hijackers was a little fishy? Apparently not, as an article on Stratfor indicates. The article states that the terrorists, "practiced near-perfect operational planning, coordination and execution before their mission but left behind obvious evidence leading to other operatives who may have supported the hijackings. This begs the question of whether these evidence trails were intentionally left in order to distract U.S. law enforcement from other terrorists." The article is well worth reading.
DoCoMo Starts First 3G Service: With no fanfare, Japan's DoCoMo has started selling 3G phones that feature video services. The company thus met the timeline it announced late last year. I was among the skeptics that thought they'd never make it. Although the rollout is limited to a 30-mile radius of Tokyo, it soon will spread to other Japanese cities. The service, dubbed FOMA, (Freedom of Mobile multimedia Access), offers download speeds as high as 384Kbps. One of the phones the company is selling has a built-in camera for wireless videoconferencing. DoCoMo sold 4,000 phones the first day.
Sprint Stops Whining; Debuts E911 Phone: You never heard such a bunch of whining as the din put up by US wireless carriers about having to meet the FCC's E911 mandate by this month. Verizon led the pack with detailed whines about how it couldn't comply. VoiceStream got a waiver. But Sprint has amazed us all by offering an E911-compatible phone right on time. E911 is an FCC rule requiring cell phone network operators to be able to locate a phone within 100 meters. Although Sprint is offering the phone, Samsung's SPH-N300 GPS-enabled phone, it is not yet supporting it with network services. Nonetheless, way to go!
Commitment to Make a Difference: Karen Holtzblatt, a principal of design services consultancy InContext, made the following commitment after the recent tragedy. Many other business people have made the same pledge:
When the NYSE re-opened, we bought and will buy stock in a company we believe in (and which gave generously to recovery and victim relief).
We will commit people and money to a development project that improves people's lives.
We will fly and attend conferences and business meetings.
We will collaborate with colleagues–and competitors–to improve what we make and how we work.
We will watch our spending but not make frivolous cuts that hamper productivity.
We will invest in helping others secure a livelihood.
We will affirm our safety, security, and joy in living by spending on something fun.
We will work to help the triumph of openness, tolerance, and understanding over fear, hatred, and violence.
InContext
Microsoft's .NET Could Be Virus-Prone: Eric Chien, chief researcher for antivirus firm Symantec, has identified a number of areas in which .NET, Microsoft's next generation Web services platform, could be even more vulnerable to security threats than existing Microsoft operating systems. Chien said: "There are a number of new threats here, most of which are dependent on how users set their permissions and other security settings." Another vulnerability is .NET's ability to run programs in a variety of different languages, many of which currently have no antivirus products available. Chien's primary worry, though, is that users won't know how to use the various security resources within .NET to protect themselves. Sounds like good news for Chien's employer, though.
Silicon.com
StratVantage – The News 03/27/02
StratVantage – 02/28/02
StratVantage New Summary


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In Colorado, It's Still The Wild West For Home-Grown Marijuana
By Luke Runyon & Bente Birkeland • Apr 4, 2017
Neighbors to this Rist Canyon property say it was being used as an unregulated marijuana grow site in the spring and summer months in 2016.
Luke Runyon / KUNC
Originally published on April 4, 2017 5:44 am
Neighborly disputes are nothing new. There's the dog next door that poops on your lawn. The house that throws loud backyard parties. The guy down the block who always plows through the stop sign.
But in Colorado, the introduction of legal, home-grown marijuana has elevated tension among neighbors to a whole new level.
Because of gaps in the state constitutional amendments that legalized cultivation of the drug for recreational and medical purposes -- and in the ensuing rules that sought to regulate it further -- some rural pockets in Colorado are seeing large-scale cooperative marijuana grow operations sprout up with little oversight.
With sheriffs and local police reticent to step in because of a lack of clarity in the rules, neighbors of rogue grow sites say they're growing unchecked. State lawmakers and local government officials are scrambling to close the loopholes and assuage the concerns of some residents who say the state's marijuana boom is ruining their neighborhood.
Reporters Luke Runyon and Bente Birkeland report on home-grown cannabis.
To get a good sense of this tension, head up to Rist Canyon, a series of quiet neighborhoods 45 minutes into the foothills west of Fort Collins.
It's the type of place people move to to get away from the hustle of the Front Range. Modestly-sized homes and getaway cabins are strung along dirt and gravel roads, nearly all nestled among burned pine trees, relics of the 2012 High Park Fire, which claimed dozens of homes in the canyon and torched thousands of trees.
Since 2014, when Colorado's legal, recreational marijuana sales began, Rist Canyon residents say they've seen the arrival of a handful of new neighbors. These newcomers buy a plot of land, and rather than build a house and move in, they put up greenhouses or start planting marijuana right in the ground.
Colorado's statewide limits on home cultivation of medical and non-medical marijuana are based on the number of plants per individual -- not per property. While some local jurisdictions have implemented limits, some haven't.
That means growers can establish a cooperative grow operation, where multiple growers use the same land to pool resources and potentially grow hundreds of plants. To intervene, law enforcement would need to prove the marijuana is being diverted into the black market, and sheriffs say they don't have the resources to stake out a marijuana grow to find out.
On one dusty patch of land in Rist Canyon's Davis Ranch neighborhood, a cluster of large, homemade wooden rings, each capable of holding more than a dozen plants, are strewn out on the ground. There's a metal machine shed and a camper van. Last summer, the land's neighbor -- he'd only agree to being identified by his middle name, Anthony -- says more than a hundred marijuana plants were growing here.
"He has no power, he has no water. So to irrigate this marijuana they had to haul water on our roads and tear the s--- out of our roads," Anthony says.
The land is bare now. Because the cannabis was grown outside, Anthony says it's only operational between frosts in spring and summer months. And when it is up and running, he says it's no different from any other large-scale marijuana grow operation, with cars and trucks coming at all hours.
That much unprotected marijuana out in the open, he says, could draw the wrong kind of people. The land's owner declined to be interviewed for this story due to pending litigation. He's filed a lawsuit against a neighbor to pass an electrical line through their property.
"This is set up here to be out of sight, out of mind," Anthony says. "We don't get sheriffs coming up here. We don't have law enforcement to patrol our properties and make sure nothing shady is going on."
Larimer County officials have received official complaints on at least four separate cooperative marijuana grows in Rist Canyon, some growing hundreds of plants. Elsewhere in the county, cooperative marijuana grows have been documented in Pinewood Springs, Berthoud and on the outskirts of Fort Collins and Loveland.
After airing their concerns to either law enforcement or the media, Rist Canyon residents say the neighboring marijuana growers have resorted to intimidation. They say it reached a fever pitch in the summer of 2016, with laser lights being shined in their windows, tires revving in driveways and shouting from drivers as they passed by.
"Marijuana is a big money business," Anthony says. "I don't care if people use it, but follow the rules."
But the thing is, at least in Larimer County, these growers are following the rules. Or at least closely enough to avoid a crackdown by law enforcement.
Loopholes in the law
Larimer County officials are well aware of the activity and tension in Rist Canyon. An organized group of residents have brought their concerns in front of the county's commissioners. You can also feel the frustration in a series of emails sent to commissioners about the grows.
What differentiates a cooperative cultivation from a commercial grow operation is its government oversight. Unlike a commercial grow site, cooperative grows aren't often subject to zoning setbacks, moving them further from schools and drug addiction treatment centers. And they've become a big headache for local governments across Colorado.
"Because we don't regulate them from a land use perspective there's no kind of permitting required," says Michael Whitley, a Larimer County land use planner who oversees code for marijuana grows.
"There's no specific regulation that says you can't do it that way -- that you can't get multiple caregivers together to all cultivate on the same property."
When marijuana was first legalized in Colorado, Whitley says lawmakers and local officials spent much of their time creating and crafting a regulatory scheme for commercial sales of retail marijuana, and paid little attention to Amendments 64 and 20's generous allowances for home-grown plants: six plants per individual, 21 years of age and older, and up to 99 plants for each medical marijuana caregiver.
In Larimer County, where Rist Canyon is located, there's no plant limits for a single property, meaning a grower can take care of hundreds of plants, along as each of them has an owner to claim them.
"So if [the grower] claims, 'These six plants belong to me, and these six plants belong to to my friend Jim, and these six plants, et cetera,' who's to say they're not?" Whitley says.
"Diversion is going to happen"
The inability and reticence of local law enforcement to get involved in the neighbor disputes in Rist Canyon have only fanned the flames.
After receiving resident complaints, and looking into ways to crack down on nuisance grow sites, Larimer County officials realized they'd have to change their own rules to address it. But like most bureaucratic rule-making processes, it's not moving fast enough to assuage the concerns of residents.
"We never said we would do something about it. We said we would look into see what our options are," wrote Larimer County commissioner Steve Johnson in a January 2017 email response to the residents' concerns.
"We have met several times with the sheriff and it is a very difficult thing for him to enforce."
Larimer County sheriff Justin Smith is hardly a friend of legal marijuana. He's been a staunch critic of the marijuana legalization amendment voters passed in 2012, saying it flies in the face of federal law banning the drug. In 2015 he filed a lawsuit against the state, asking a federal judge to strike down the amendment that legalized retail sales and home growing of marijuana. Some called it a political stunt, while Smith insisted he was looking for clarity on which laws to enforce.
"It gets to be kind of difficult," Smith says of keeping an eye on large-scale non-commercial marijuana grow sites. "We take it very seriously that we need to police and keep the community safe, but we also need to do it within the state constitution, the U.S. constitution and state laws."
With hundreds of unchecked marijuana plants growing in Colorado's rural pockets, Smith says it's easy for black or gray markets to absorb it.
"We have a product grown in Colorado, easy to transport, desired in other states," Smith says.
The home-grown product isn't subject to the taxes commercially grown marijuana is, he adds, meaning growers could undercut the dispensaries. Or, he says, if you get the marijuana out of Colorado to a state where it's still illegal, you might double or triple the going price.
"The laws of economics say diversion is going to happen," Smith says.
Change has happened -- state rules now require medical marijuana caregivers to register with the state. But cooperative grows that are growing six plants per individual aren't required to register.
Larimer County commissioners are considering changes to its land use code that would essentially legislate cooperative grows out of existence. They want to require home growers to cultivate their marijuana on the land where their primary residence is located, making it much tougher to pool plants on a single property. Their land use code tweaks could be finalized by the end of May.
New statewide plant limits
Neighbor disputes aren't limited to Rist Canyon. Enough state lawmakers have heard gripes from constituents to make the plant limits a topic of debate at the Capitol.
Republican Rep. Cole Wist of Centennial says new limits would help law enforcement – and prevent diversion to the black market.
"Our liberal laws regarding plant count are being abused by folks that are seeking to ship marijuana outside the state," Wist says.
House Bill 1220 -- now on its way to Gov. John Hickenlooper's desk -- would limit all plants grown at a residence to 12, creating a per property plant limit for the entire state. Caregivers or people on the medical marijuana registry could grow double that.
The limits aren't just about potential black market diversion. Lawmakers are also concerned about public health risks such as excessive power and electrical use that can pose a fire hazard, noxious smells, mold and water damage from unregulated grow sites.
"We had over 100 witnesses that came and testified on [the bill establishing new limits]. And I heard them loud and clear that they don't want us to criminalize medical treatment and I completely agree with that," Wist says.
Rep. Jonathan Singer, D-Longmont, initially opposed the bill.
"Most of our jurisdictions already have some sort of plant count limit," Singer says. "So it's a little confusing to me why we would want to actually draw more attention to this issue when our cities can work collaboratively with their communities to find the right plant count limit for their neighborhoods."
Singer was always okay with limiting home grows for recreational users. But he had major concerns that new limits would prevent law-abiding medical marijuana patients from getting the medicine they need.
"If there's a kid with a seizure disorder or cancer, they can't be smoking it by law, which means that it has to be distilled into a liquid tincture form. That takes a lot of plants," Singer says.
"There's no other way to get this medicine and I don't want to ignite a war on drugs and have kids be the collateral damage."
But after the Senate doubled the medical limit, Singer says he's comfortable that the bill would protect most patients.
In the end, the House and Senate both unanimously passed HB 1220. Hickenlooper has indicated that he will sign it.
"I believe that the largest amount of plants a caregiver is allowed to have anywhere in the country I think is 16, outside of Colorado. I think in most states it's 12. We're obviously many, many times that," Hickenlooper says.
With new Attorney General Jeff Sessions' stance on marijuana, the governor says it's especially important to rein in.
"Certainly given the uncertainty we're given in Washington, probably not a good time to make waves around this," Hickenlooper says.
Copyright 2017 KUNC-FM. To see more, visit KUNC-FM.
2017 Colorado Legislative Session

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Walmart Story
Walmart as we know it today evolved from Sam Walton's goals for great value and great customer service. "Mr. Sam," as he was known, believed in leadership through service. This belief that true leadership depends on willing service was the principle on which Walmart was built, and drove the decisions the company has made for the past 50 years. So much of Walmart's history is tied to the story of Sam Walton himself, and so much of our future will be rooted in Mr. Sam's principles.
The Road to Walmart
Sam Walton was born in 1918 in Kingfisher, Oklahoma. In 1942, at the age of 24, he joined the military. He married Helen Robson in 1943. When his military service ended in 1945, Sam and Helen moved to Iowa and then to Newport, Arkansas. During this time, Sam gained early retail experience, eventually operating his own variety store.
n 1950, the Waltons left Newport for Bentonville, where Sam opened Walton's 5&10 on the downtown square. They chose Bentonville because Helen wanted small-town living, and Sam could take advantage of the different hunting seasons that living at the corner of four states had to offer.
Inspired by the early success of his dime store, and driven to bring even greater opportunity and value to his customers, Sam opened the first Walmart in 1962 at the age of 44 in Rogers, Arkansas.
Changing the Face of Retail
Sam's competitors thought his idea that a successful business could be built around offering lower prices and great service would never work. As it turned out, the company's success exceeded even Sam's expectations. The company went public in 1970, and the proceeds financed a steady expansion of the business. Sam credited the rapid growth of Walmart not just to the low costs that attracted his customers, but also to his associates. He relied on them to give customers the great shopping experience that would keep them coming back. Sam shared his vision for the company with associates in a way that was nearly unheard of in the industry. He made them partners in the success of the company, and firmly believed that this partnership was what made Walmart great.
Sam Walton Receives Medal of Freedom. Sam waves to the crowd while others clap in the background.
As the stores grew, so did Sam's aspirations. In addition to bringing new approaches and technologies to retail, he also experimented with new store formats—including Sam's Club and the Walmart Supercenter—and even made the decision to take Walmart into Mexico. Sam's fearlessness in offering lower prices and bringing Walmart's value to customers in the U.S. and beyond set a standard for the company that lives on to this day. His strong commitment to service and to the values that help individuals, businesses and the country succeed earned him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, awarded by President George H. W. Bush in 1992.
It was during Sam's acceptance remarks that he articulated what would come to be Walmart's official company purpose.
If we work together, we'll lower the cost of living for everyone…we'll give the world an opportunity to see what it's like to save and have a better life.
Today, "saving people money so they can live better" is the driving force behind everything we do.
10 Rules for Building a Better Business
Sam Walton believed running a successful business boils down to 10 simple rules and they helped Walmart become the global leader it is today. We continue to apply them to every part of our business. Read his 10 rules for building a better business »
Mr. Sam's Legacy
Sam Walton died in 1992, shortly after receiving the Medal of Freedom, but his legacy lives on. To this day, Walmart remains a leader in the retail industry. We are committed not just to expanding the business to better serve our customers, but also to improving the communities we serve through our efforts to constantly improve what we do and how we do it, and through the impacts we're able to achieve through the Walmart Foundation. Through this daily dedication to our business and our customers, we honor Mr. Sam.
Disclosure: The links on this page are "Affiliate Links" and while these are shown at no costs to our viewers, they generate commissions for our website(s)
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Antônio Proost Rodovalho (São Paulo, 27 de janeiro de 1838 - São Paulo, 30 de dezembro de 1913) foi um empresário e político brasileiro.

O coronel Rodovalho foi o fundador da Associação Comercial e Agrícola de São Paulo (atual Associação Comercial de São Paulo) e da empresa Melhoramentos.

Biografia
Filho do capitão Joaquim Tavares Rodovalho e d. Henriqueta Proost Rodovalho, Antônio Proost nasceu no ano de 1838 na capital da província de São Paulo. Com apenas 12 anos de idade começou a trabalhar no comércio local e aos 25 anos já era sócio das empresas Joaquim Proost Rodovalho & Cia, José Proost Souza Rodovalho & Cia. e da João Proost Rodovalho & Cia.

Com uma vasta experiência no comércio, como empresário do setor atacadista de açúcar, sal e café, Antônio Proost participou da fundação e da diretoria de várias empresas, entre elas destacamos: Banco Comercial de São Paulo; Caixa Econômica e Monte de Socorro; Companhia de Estradas de Ferro Ituana; Companhia de Estradas de Ferro São Paulo-Rio de Janeiro, Companhia Ítalo Paulista. Em 1875 foi nomeado gerente tesoureiro da Caixa Filial do Banco do Brasil e neste cargo atuou até 1886. Também incentivou a abertura de empresas estratégias para a província, como a Fábrica de Tecidos Anhaia & Cia, Serraria Sydow, Companhia de Gás de São Paulo e Companhia Cantareira de Águas e Esgotos. Com o seu filho, Proost fundou a empresa Rodovalho Jr. Horta & Cia. e explorou o serviço funerário da cidade de São Paulo, inovando por completo este setor.

Foi proprietário da Fazenda Caieiras e em suas terras surgiu um importante pólo industrial para a época, com o nascimento de indústrias de cimento, louça, serraria, cerâmica e papel (a Companhia Melhoramentos de São Paulo, inaugurada em 12 de setembro de 1890).

Na política Proost Rodovalho foi camarista do município de São Paulo, chegando à presidente da Câmara entre 1866 e 1870, além de ter sido o intendente de finanças de São Paulo em 1896. Militante do Partido Conservador, participou da propaganda abolicionista e foi um dos primeiros a apoiar a República, após 1889.

Fez parte da Guarda Nacional e participou da Guerra do Paraguai e em 1868 foi promovido a Coronel.

Nos últimos anos do século XIX o Brasil sofria profundas mudanças: a Proclamação da República (1889); a expansão da lavoura cafeeira e da indústria; o aumento das exportações; o surgimento de bancos e lojas comerciais; a ampliação das obras públicas. Todas estas questões, aliado aos problemas políticos, como o arrocho governamental do governo da união entre 1889 a 1892 resultando na falência de inúmeras empresas, forçou a sociedade empresarial do estado de São Paulo, que se tornou o principal eixo econômico do país, a ter sua voz e opinião debatidas entre todos e foi neste contexto que o coronel Antônio Proost Rodovalho liderou um grupo de aproximadamente 300 empresários a criar a Associação Comercial e Agrícola de São Paulo (anos depois rebatizada para Associação Comercial de São Paulo) no dia 7 de dezembro de 1894. Em 25 de janeiro de 1895 Rodovalho foi eleito o presidente desta nova entidade.

Além de empresário e político, o coronel Rodovalho destacou-se por seu espírito altruísta. Foi provedor e prestou relevantes serviços para algumas instituições, como: Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo; Irmandade do Santíssimo Sacramento; Irmandade da Ordem Terceira de São Francisco; Sociedade Portuguesa de Beneficência.

Os últimos anos do século XIX e início do século XX foram difíceis para os negócios de Rodovalho e desta maneira ele distanciou-se dos demais empreendimentos para concentrar-se na empresa que mantinha com o filho, que além de explorar os serviços funerários, também oferecia serviços de aluguel de carros e mecânica, funilaria e pintura e pouco tempo depois passou a importar automóveis franceses Renault, Berliet e Peugeot, italianos da Fiat, ingleses da Daimler e o modelo norte-americano Cunningham.

Apesar de ter manuseado enormes somas em dinheiro ao longo de sua vida, o coronel Antônio Proost Rodovalho morreu pobre no dia 30 de dezembro de 1913, aos 75 anos de idade.

Notas e referências

Bibliografia
ASSOCIAÇÃO Comercial de São Paulo: 1894-1994: 100 anos na defesa da livre iniciativa. São Paulo, 1994.
DONATO, Hernani. 100 anos da Melhoramentos: 1890-1990. São Paulo: Melhoramentos, 1990
O Estado de S. Paulo, 08 maio 1890; LIMA, Heitor Ferreira. Evolução industrial de São Paulo : esboço histórico. São Paulo : Martins, s/ d.

Brasileiros de ascendência neerlandesa
Brasileiros de ascendência portuguesa
Empresários do estado de São Paulo
Irmão Mesário da Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo
Naturais da cidade de São Paulo
Oficiais da Guarda Nacional
Pessoas da Guerra do Paraguai
Políticos do estado de São Paulo
Presidentes da Associação Comercial de São Paulo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


LinkedIn can lead to opportunities.
As a job seeker, using LinkedIn effectively, will lead to opportunities. For many, it happens every day. These members have found ways to get in front of the recruiter membership that is active on LinkedIn.
Recruiters spend considerable resources in time and money to identify potential candidates on LinkedIn. In fact, the "Talent Solution" category produces the most revenue for LinkedIn, more than double the other categories combined!
Your profile and the content contained within it will become your brand and your marketing platform. In the simplest of terms, it will either work for or against you. The LinkedIn profile is a treasure trove of information that you are able to use in advancing your career objectives. But, only if someone sees it.
I have seen plenty of "how-to" posts, including those that I have made. Knowing how is an important factor. Knowing why is just as important. So, rather than just listing the content areas, I will share some common questions that I receive and answer with a blend of how and why. The list is far from being all-inclusive but does cover some of those questions that can make or break the use of LinkedIn strategically as a tool in the job search.
1. Q. Is a complete profile necessary?
A. According to LinkedIn, users with complete profiles are 40 time more likely to be contacted for career opportunities, mentor or volunteer engagements, or business opportunities. Not all will be a fit for your needs but being contacted is preferable to being ignored.
Note: Do not use symbols, numbers, special characters, email addresses, or phone numbers in the name field as LinkedIn could potentially restrict your account. Besides, there are better areas to place your email and phone number.
2. Q. Do I need a professional headshot?
What kind of photo should you use? Start by considering your audience and those you are trying to attract. Are you a C-Level executive, a creative director, a business owner? The C-Level executive should use a traditional pose. The creative director can be, well, more creative. A veterinarian could be holding a pet.
Consider the profile to the left. Joshua is an actor and has a portfolio of professional headshots.
In spite of not using LinkedIn to its fullest extent, he misses the opportunity to improve the profile by using an image such as the one to the right.
As an actor, his image IS a selling point and the ability to catch one's eye, to make a first impression is gone.
Please avoid the "selfie" or an image with a corporate logo in the background (what if you leave or do not have permission to use the logo in a public setting?) And leave the old college picture for another time and place. You could damage your brand if you are unrecognizable in that picture. And many of us can only wish we were that young again.
3. Q. What is a personalized URL and is it important to have one?
A. The default URL that LinkedIn creates when you create a profile follows a structure such as this: http://www.linkedin.com/pub/michael-smith/1/234/567 (what appears to be a random set of numbers). That URL is not exactly SEO friendly and is definitely not memorable.
Customizing the URL allows you to give it a "brand" and be easy to use and remember. Once customized, the /pub is changed to /in and the customized content is displayed. As an example: http://www.linkedin.com/in/mikesmithCEO. There is a difference and you should never accept the default URl. Customize it!
4. Q. What about keywords? It seems I am writing for a search engine.
A. To be clear, you are writing and using keywords to be found in searches. The Headline is one of the areas considered to be prime real estate. The LinkedIn search algorithm seemingly gives more weight to the headline and title than other areas of the profile.
Use at least one job title in the headline and descriptive keywords to tell your unique story. In some cases, more titles will be beneficial. Each situation is unique.
Where do those keywords come from? Job descriptions, of course.
You want recruiters to find you and they are trained to use keywords from the job descriptions to filter their search results.
5. Q. How important is the Summary section?
A. Simply put, this is the place where you can tell your story. Who you are, what you have done, and how you accomplished the results becomes the basis for this section. What type of management style do you use? How do you lead? Remember that there is a difference between leadership and management. You lead people and manage processes.
The summary is a great place to include your email address and phone number. It is visible and makes the job of the recruiter much easier. If they have to look for that information, they just might move on. Be sure to include the contact information in the proper section of the profile as well. The summary section placement is in addition to that.
Strategic cross-channel marketing pioneer driving growth in B2B & B2C markets through the development of integrated sales and marketing programs. Emotionally intelligent, hands-on leader passionate about building and coaching top talent and teams. Leadership and vision have consistently repositioned and leveraged brand for new customer acquisition and retention programs. Strategies have increased acquisition efforts in digital, social and direct marketing channels.
The summary should highlight industries, major accomplishments, and include "areas of expertise" (or specialties). In fact, the specialties area is a great place to develop phrases which include identified keywords.
6. Q. How can I use documents, images, and links in my profile?
A. You have the opportunity to add images, media, and documents to your profile in the summary and experience sections (and some other areas as well). Including supporting evidence has a tremendous impact on the impression that you leave with the reader.
You can embed videos and images, feeds from other social channels, websites, project links, and so one. Too many fail to take advantage of this LinkedIn capability.
7. Q. Why Are Recommendations Important?
A. The recommendation is a testimonial from your peers, colleagues, those who reported to you, management, vendors, customers, associates known through volunteer activities, and such. The recommendation is displayed beneath the positon for which the recommendation was written.
Unlike the skill section, shown to the left, where an endorsement is nothing more than a mouse click, the recommendation takes time and effort. So when you request a recommendation, be specific as to what you are requesting the recommendation for. Show the relationship that exists, describe projects. Would they want to work with you again?
8. Q. Is the miscellaneous content needed?
A. In order to create a balanced profile and to show that you are well-rounded, you should complete as many of the sections as you have content for. Keep the lists to the top three or four in each category. Ask yourself why it would be important for someone to know "this" about me. If you can't readily identify the reason, leave it out.
The miscellaneous content includes volunteer experience, personal causes, organizations that you support and are affiliated with, external publications, patents, languages, courses taken, certifications (professional), honors and awards, and projects.
The "Interests" section is a great place to insert keywords without having the appearance of a keyword dump.
9. Q. Can I change the order of the content?
A. Not only can you, but you should. The content flow should be constructed based on the viewer needs and not the layout set forth by LinkedIn.
You can choose to rearrange the profile in any manner you choose. I would suggest that you not change the summary and experience sections placement. They need to be on the top of the profile.
10. Q. What is Publishing and Should I Do It?
A. The article that you are reading is an example of publishing, also known as long-form posts. It is a tool that allows you to build a viewer base and become an influencer to your targeted audience, i.e., your connections. It also is somewhat automated. LinkedIn sends a push notification to all of your connections. You can take a short breather on figuring out how to distribute the content! Beyond that, you expand your reach to the first-degree connections of anyone that engages with your post.That audience is unreachable without the long-form post.
Your article should be content specific and include a call to action at the end. The more likes and shares that your article receives, the more likely it is that the post will be featured on LinkedIn Pulse.
11. Q. Why Should I Join Groups?
A. According to LinkedIn, your profile is 5 times more likely to be viewed if you are an active participant in groups. Begin by selecting groups that share your interests. Start with five groups of less as the goal is to not be in the group but to be a participant.
Knowing how to participate is a key to your success. You will gain influence and respect if you participate as a "giver". Groups are not the place for self-promotion and in many cases, if you self-promote too often, you will find that your content is moderated across all groups.
Another way to participate is to create a group. It is not as hard to manage as most believe (until you get membership in the 1000's). A bonus is that this group can't be moderated…it's yours!
12. Q. How large should my network be and how do I grow it?
A. This question typically results in the most disagreement. As a job seeker, you want to be visible in as many potential searches as possible. While not obvious, therein lies your answer.
Excluding the high cost subscription plans that give search access to the entire network, the limitations of your search and those searching for you is based on the totality of your network. Combine the total of all first, second, and third degree connections and you have the extent to which you are visible. As an example, a LinkedIn member with 50 connections (the minimum for all-star profile status) would most likely equate to a total network of under a million.
Have 500 connections and your potential network is around 6 million. Adding some of the so called "Super Connectors" and you may triple your reach. Image the reach if you added just these three connections!
By the way…are you wondering how I can see the total connections and all you see is 500+. Here is the link to the free Chrome extension, the LinkedIn Connection Revealer.
Your goal is to build a "useful" network and in this case, size is key. Start with friends, coworkers, industry influences and connections that you know outside of LinkedIn. That will keep you busy for some time.
The example below is the default invitation and you should avoid using it at all times.
Your invites should be personalized. Tell them why they would see fit to connect to you. Did you attend a seminar at which they presented? Did you but their book? Do you have common interests? Mention the why in the invitation.
I also recommend choosing "We've done business together" over friend (unless you really are).
You are allotted 3000 lifetime invites. If you invite more than 100 in a 24 hour period, you will have to enter a Captcha (human intervention). There are other reasons not to just blindly invite connections but one in particular can have significant negative results on your use of LinkedIn. Invite too many that mark you as "I Don't Know", and you will be required to enter an email address to invite them.
One of the most underutilized ways of connecting is via an introduction. You have access to your second degree connections through your first degree connections. Ask them to introduce you. You are more apt to be accepted AND it does not count as an invitation!
Q. How do I know how which settings to change and do I need to?
A. With over 40 settings to verify and change, this is a topic in and of itself. But there is one that is critical for the job seeker.
Under the job tab – preferences, you will find a button that allows recruiters to know that you are open to new opportunities. Make sure that it is ON.
At that point, you should complete the titles section, indicating the positions that interest you, the type of job being sought, the location, the industries, and the size of the company. Be as specific as you can in this area.
Once you have the basics down pat, you are able to begin to use LinkedIn as a tool. There are setting to change, adjustments to be made to the "public profile", and much more.
In the 10+ years that I have been active on LinkedIn, I have seen countless changes that impact the user and specifically the job seeker. Not all have been positive in nature. Regardless, being equipped with the knowledge has allowed both myself and my clients to be successful on LinkedIn.
Sales AND Marketing is a Team Sport!


text:
The Unborn ist der Titel folgender Filme:

 The Unborn (1991), US-amerikanischer Science-Fiction-Horror von Rodman Flender
 The Unborn (2003), thailändischer Horror-Thriller von Bhandit Thongdee
 The Unborn (2009), US-amerikanischer Horror-Thriller von David S. Goyer


1. @longdesc is inappropriate when an EPUB footnote is sufficient.
2. @longdesc is inappropriate for Math. Use MathML instead.
3. @longdesc is inappropriate for SVG graphics. Make the SVG DOM accessible instead.
4. @longdesc is inappropriate for graphics of tabular data. Use an accessible table instead.
These should probably be added to the WCAG 2.0 Techniques documents as well.
> 1. Double-check the consistency of capitalization in "Requirements for an Image Description functionality". Some items have each word capitalized while others do not and then some have different capitalization in different places ("Simple Return" ). My preference is usually for less capitalization.
> 2. re: the section referencing ATAG 2.0 that is marked with " ISSUE: This doesn't seem a great reference - is there anything better? This is tracked in bug 21501 and its dependent bugs. Unless a proposal for improvement is made and accepted this bug will simply be closed after Last Call."
> ...which is probably too general.
>> accessible to people with disabilities .
>> message to other lists; please avoid cross-postings where possible.
>> Thank you in advance for your comments.
Next message: Matthew Turvey: "Re: Call for Review: HTML5 Image Description Extension (longdesc) Last Call"
Previous message: Richards, Jan: "RE: Call for Review: HTML5 Image Description Extension (longdesc) Last Call"
In reply to: Richards, Jan: "RE: Call for Review: HTML5 Image Description Extension (longdesc) Last Call"
Next in thread: Matthew Turvey: "Re: Call for Review: HTML5 Image Description Extension (longdesc) Last Call"
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text:
<?php

namespace Proxies\__CG__\Admin\EinstitutAdminBundle\Entity;

/**
 * DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - IT WAS CREATED BY DOCTRINE'S PROXY GENERATOR
 */
class Diplome extends \Admin\EinstitutAdminBundle\Entity\Diplome implements \Doctrine\ORM\Proxy\Proxy
{
    /**
     * @var \Closure the callback responsible for loading properties in the proxy object. This callback is called with
     *      three parameters, being respectively the proxy object to be initialized, the method that triggered the
     *      initialization process and an array of ordered parameters that were passed to that method.
     *
     * @see \Doctrine\Common\Persistence\Proxy::__setInitializer
     */
    public $__initializer__;

    /**
     * @var \Closure the callback responsible of loading properties that need to be copied in the cloned object
     *
     * @see \Doctrine\Common\Persistence\Proxy::__setCloner
     */
    public $__cloner__;

    /**
     * @var boolean flag indicating if this object was already initialized
     *
     * @see \Doctrine\Common\Persistence\Proxy::__isInitialized
     */
    public $__isInitialized__ = false;

    /**
     * @var array properties to be lazy loaded, with keys being the property
     *            names and values being their default values
     *
     * @see \Doctrine\Common\Persistence\Proxy::__getLazyProperties
     */
    public static $lazyPropertiesDefaults = array();

    /**
     * @param \Closure $initializer
     * @param \Closure $cloner
     */
    public function __construct($initializer = null, $cloner = null)
    {

        $this->__initializer__ = $initializer;
        $this->__cloner__      = $cloner;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function __sleep()
    {
        if ($this->__isInitialized__) {
            return array('__isInitialized__', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'id', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'intituleDiplome', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'typeDiplome', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'etablissement');
        }

        return array('__isInitialized__', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'id', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'intituleDiplome', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'typeDiplome', '' . "\0" . 'Admin\\EinstitutAdminBundle\\Entity\\Diplome' . "\0" . 'etablissement');
    }

    /**
     *
     */
    public function __wakeup()
    {
        if ( ! $this->__isInitialized__) {
            $this->__initializer__ = function (Diplome $proxy) {
                $proxy->__setInitializer(null);
                $proxy->__setCloner(null);

                $existingProperties = get_object_vars($proxy);

                foreach ($proxy->__getLazyProperties() as $property => $defaultValue) {
                    if ( ! array_key_exists($property, $existingProperties)) {
                        $proxy->$property = $defaultValue;
                    }
                }
            };

        }
    }

    /**
     *
     */
    public function __clone()
    {
        $this->__cloner__ && $this->__cloner__->__invoke($this, '__clone', array());
    }

    /**
     * Forces initialization of the proxy
     */
    public function __load()
    {
        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, '__load', array());
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     */
    public function __isInitialized()
    {
        return $this->__isInitialized__;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     */
    public function __setInitialized($initialized)
    {
        $this->__isInitialized__ = $initialized;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     */
    public function __setInitializer(\Closure $initializer = null)
    {
        $this->__initializer__ = $initializer;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     */
    public function __getInitializer()
    {
        return $this->__initializer__;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     */
    public function __setCloner(\Closure $cloner = null)
    {
        $this->__cloner__ = $cloner;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific cloning logic
     */
    public function __getCloner()
    {
        return $this->__cloner__;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @internal generated method: use only when explicitly handling proxy specific loading logic
     * @static
     */
    public function __getLazyProperties()
    {
        return self::$lazyPropertiesDefaults;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function getId()
    {
        if ($this->__isInitialized__ === false) {
            return (int)  parent::getId();
        }

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'getId', array());

        return parent::getId();
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function setIntituleDiplome($intituleDiplome)
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'setIntituleDiplome', array($intituleDiplome));

        return parent::setIntituleDiplome($intituleDiplome);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function getIntituleDiplome()
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'getIntituleDiplome', array());

        return parent::getIntituleDiplome();
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function setTypeDiplome($typeDiplome)
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'setTypeDiplome', array($typeDiplome));

        return parent::setTypeDiplome($typeDiplome);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function getTypeDiplome()
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'getTypeDiplome', array());

        return parent::getTypeDiplome();
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function setEtablissement(\Admin\EinstitutAdminBundle\Entity\Etablissement $etablissement)
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'setEtablissement', array($etablissement));

        return parent::setEtablissement($etablissement);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public function getEtablissement()
    {

        $this->__initializer__ && $this->__initializer__->__invoke($this, 'getEtablissement', array());

        return parent::getEtablissement();
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Steyr 1912 rebarreled after WWII to .308?
Somebody offered me a Steyr 1912, which - his talking - was adapted in 1961 for the NATO cartridge, but was never issued, and is in beautiful condition. Bore "unused".
What do you all think? Ever heard of such rifles? It´s quite long, no carbine / Karabiner.
Have shot one its a beautiful rifle..
Last edited by indy1919a4 on Mon Jan 07, 2019 2:42 pm, edited 1 time in total.


Vita+ is an exclusively natural vitamin and mineral supplement that provides all the necessary micronutrients for optimal body functions.
Ingredients: Calcium phosphate dibasic, Stabilizer: cellulose microcrystalline, Magnesium oxide, Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), Iron gluconate, Zinc gluconate, D-alpha tocopherol acetate (Vitamin E), Nicotinamide (niacin), Anti-caking agent: silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, D-calcium pantothenate (pantothenic acid), Manganese gluconate, Pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), Boric acid, Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Copper gluconate, Thiamin hydrochloride (vitamin B1), Retinyl acetate (Vitamin A), Chromium picolinate, Pteroilmonoglutammico acid (folic acid), D-biotin, Potassium iodide, Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1), Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12).
Take one tablet per day with a generous amount of water.
Please read the 'warning' section carefully. Do not exceed the recommended daily dosage. Keep out of reach of children under 3. Supplements should not be considered as substitutes for a balanced and varied diet. VitaminCenter reminds you that a balanced and varied diet is a fundamental factor for a healthy lifestyle.