text:
উইকিপিডিয়া:সংযোগ
নিম্নলিখিত উইকিপিডিয়া:নীতিমালা ও নির্দেশাবলী সম্পর্কিত পাতাটি বর্তমানে ইংরেজিতে আছে বা অনুবাদের কাজ চলছে। দয়া করে এটি অনুবাদ করে আমাদেরকে সহায়তা করুন। যদি অনুবাদ করা শেষ হয়ে থাকে এই নোটিশটি সরিয়ে নিন।
এই নির্দেশাবলী বাংলা উইকিপিডিয়ার রচনাশৈলী নির্দেশনার একটি অংশ। এইটি ব্যবহার করতে সাধারণ জ্ঞান ব্যবহার করুন। এই পাতাতে যেকোন স্বতন্ত্র সম্পাদনা জনমতের ভিত্তিতে করা উচিত। কোন সন্দেহ থাকলে, প্রথমে তা আলাপ পাতায় আলোচনা করুন।
উইকিপিডিয়া:MOSLINK
উইকিপিডিয়া:LINK
WP:LINKS
technical information about link formatting জন্য, Help:Link দেখুন।
"Wikilinks" এখানে পুনর্নির্দেশ করা হয়েছে। the IRC script জন্য, দেখুন WP:Scripts/Wikilinks।
Linking through hyperlinks is an important feature of Wikipedia. Internal links bind the project together into an interconnected whole; interwiki links link the project to sister projects such as Wikipedia in other languages, Wikisource and Wiktionary, and external links help to embed Wikipedia into the external World Wide Web.
Links provide instant pathways to locations within and outside the project that are likely to increase our readers' understanding of the topic at hand. When writing or editing an article, it is important to consider not only what to put in the article itself, but what links should be included to help the reader find related information, as well as which other pages should carry links to the article. Care should be taken to avoid underlinking and overlinking, as described below.
This page contains guidelines as to when links should and should not be used, and how to format them. Detailed information about the syntax used to create links can be found at Help:Link. The rules on linking applicable to disambiguation pages are set out in the disambiguation style guide.
Principlesসম্পাদনা
সংক্ষিপ্তসমূহ
উইকিপিডিয়া:BTW
উইকিপিডিয়া:BUILD
Wikipedia is based on hypertext, and aims to "build the web" to enable readers to find relevant information on other pages with just a click of the mouse. Therefore in adding or removing links, consider an article's place in the knowledge tree. Internal links can add to the cohesion and utility of Wikipedia, allowing readers to deepen their understanding of a topic by conveniently accessing other articles. Ask yourself, "How likely is it that the reader will also want to read that other article?" These links should be included where it is most likely that readers might want to use them; for example, in article leads, the openings of new sections, table cells, and image captions. The page from which the hyperlink is activated is called "the anchor"; the page the link points to is called the "the target".
General points on linking styleসম্পাদনা
As explained in more detail at Help:Links#Wikilinks, linking can be "direct" ([[Riverside, California]], which results in Riverside, California), or "piped" ([[Riverside, California|Riverside]]), which results in Riverside in the text, but still links to the article "Riverside, California").
Section headings should not themselves contain links (see WP:ACCESS for why); instead, a {{main}} or {{seealso}} template should be placed immediately after the heading.
Links should not be placed in the boldface reiteration of the title in the opening sentence of a lead.[১]
Items within quotations should not generally be linked; instead, consider placing the relevant links in the surrounding text or in the "See also" section of the article.
When possible, avoid placing links next to each other so that they look like a single link, as in [[Ireland|Irish]] [[Chess]] [[Championship]] (Irish Chess Championship). Consider rephrasing the sentence, omitting one of the links, or using a more specific single link (e.g. to Irish Chess Championship) instead.
Articles on technical subjects might need a higher density of links than in general-interest articles, due to their larger number of technical terms that general dictionaries are unlikely to explain in context.
Do not create links to user or wikiproject pages in articles, except in articles about Wikipedia itself (see WP:Self-references to avoid).
Overlinking and underlinkingসম্পাদনা
উইকিপিডিয়া:OVERLINK
উইকিপিডিয়া:UNDERLINK
Provide links that aid navigation and understanding, but avoid cluttering the page with obvious, redundant and useless links. An article is said to be underlinked if subjects are not linked that are helpful to the understanding of the article or its context. However, overlinking[২] is also something to be avoided, as it can make it harder for the reader to identify and follow those links which are likely to be of value.
Do not link to a page that redirects back to the page the link is on.
Do not be afraid to create links to potential articles that do not yet exist (see Red links below).
Think carefully before you remove a link altogether—what may seem like an irrelevant link to you may be useful to other readers.
If you feel that a certain link does not belong in the body of the text, consider moving it to a "See also" section at the bottom of the article. (Remember that links can also be useful when applying the "What links here" feature from the target page.)
Some editors feel that the lead section is a special case. On the one hand it might be desirable to have fewer links in the lead section than in the body of the text; while some links make it easier to scan a longer lead by highlighting key terms, too many make it harder. On the other hand, in technical articles that use many uncommon terms in the introduction, a higher-than-usual link density in the lead section may be necessary to facilitate understanding; but, if possible, try giving an informal explanation in the lead, avoiding using too many technical terms until later in the article: see point 5 of WP:NOT#Wikipedia is not a manual, guidebook, textbook, or scientific journal, and WP:Make technical articles accessible.
What generally should be linkedসম্পাদনা
In general, links should be created to:
relevant connections to the subject of another article that will help readers to understand the current article more fully (see the example below). This can include people, events and topics that already have an article or that clearly deserve one, as long as the link is relevant to the article in question.
articles with relevant information, for example: "see Fourier series for relevant background".
articles explaining technical terms, jargon or slang expressions, unless they are defined in the article – but always consider providing a concise definition instead of or in addition to a link to another article. If a technical or slang term doesn't have its own article, an interwiki link to Wiktionary may be the most appropriate.
articles about geographic places that are likely to be unfamiliar to readers or that in the context may be confused with places that have a similar or identical name.
What generally should not be linkedসম্পাদনা
Unless they are particularly relevant to the topic of the article, avoid linking terms whose meaning can be understood by most readers of the English Wikipedia, including plain English words, the names of major geographic features and locations, religions, languages, common professions, common units of measurement,[৩] and dates (but see Chronological items below).
An example articleসম্পাদনা
For example, in the article on supply and demand:
almost certainly link "microeconomic theory" and "general equilibrium", as these are technical terms that many readers are unlikely to understand at first sight;
consider linking "price" and "goods" only if these common words have technical dimensions that are specifically relevant to the topic.
do not link to the "United States", because that is an article on a very broad topic with no direct connection to supply and demand.
definitely do not link "potato", because it is a common term with no particular relationship to the article on supply and demand, beyond its arbitrary use as an example of traded goods in that article.
Make sure that the links are directed to the correct articles: in this example, you should link good (economics), not good. Many common dictionary words link to disambiguation pages.
Repeated linksসম্পাদনা
উইকিপিডিয়া:REPEATLINK
In general, link only the first occurrence of an item. This is a rule of thumb that has many exceptions, including the following:
where a later occurrence of an item is a long way from the first.
where the first link was in an infobox or a navbox, or some similar meta-content.
long sortable tables, in which each row should be able to stand on its own. (Rows which are near the top of the table when it is sorted according to one column can be far from it when it is sorted according to another one.)
Link specificityসম্পাদনা
Always link to the article on the most specific topic appropriate to the context from which you link: it will generally contain more focused information, as well as links to more general topics. (Move your mouse pointer over the blue links in the table below to see the target.)
What you type
How it appears
[[Icelandic alphabet]] Icelandic alphabet Specific
[[Icelandic (language)|Icelandic]] alphabet Icelandic alphabet Related, but less specific
Icelandic [[alphabet]] Icelandic alphabet Unspecific
the [[flag of Tokelau]] the flag of Tokelau Specific
the [[flag]] of [[Tokelau]] the flag of Tokelau Unspecific
[[Requiem (Mozart)|Requiem]] Requiem Specific
[[Requiem]] Requiem Unspecific
In each case the specific link is preferred.
If there is no article about the most specific topic, do one of the following things:
If an article on the specific topic does not yet exist, create a redirect page to the article about a more general topic, as described in section টেমপ্লেট:Sectionlink. For example, there currently is no article about the song "Sad Statue" from the album Mezmerize. In the meantime you create Sad Statue which redirects to the article about the album.
If there is no article on a more general topic, either, create a red link, but read টেমপ্লেট:Sectionlink below.
When neither a redirect nor a red link appear appropriate, consider linking to a more general article instead. For example, instead of Baroque hairstyles, write Baroque hairstyles, Baroque hairstyles, Baroque hairstyles, or hairstyles of the Baroque, depending on the context.
If an existing article has a section specifically about the topic, you can redirect or link directly to it, by appending a number sign (#) and the name of the section to the article name. For example, Underpromotion is a redirect to Promotion (chess)#Underpromotion, and in the article Quark the link eight gluon types (typed as [[Gluon#Eight gluon colors|eight gluon types]]) links to a specific section in Gluon. When doing this, add a hidden comment to the target section such as <!-- "Quark" links here --> so that someone changing the title of that section can fix the incoming links. (Alternatively, use Template:Anchor in case of a large number of links to the section.)
Techniquesসম্পাদনা
Redirectsসম্পাদনা
মূল পাতা: WP:Redirect
Let's assume for example you needed a link "poodle", and there was no article for poodles yet. You might want to create a redirect from "poodle" to "dog" as follows: Write the link in the text as if the "poodle" article existed: She owned a [[poodle]] .... When you save or preview this, you will see: She owned a poodle.... Click on the red link to create the redirect page, enter the target article name (in our case, Dog), select that text, and click the "#R" button. This will create the following text: #redirect [[Dog]].
The advantage of redirects over piped links is that they allow us to determine which pages link to the given topic using Special:Whatlinkshere, which in turn allows us to ...
create a new article when a significant number of links to that topic exist (see WP:REDIRECT#NOTBROKEN and Redirects with possibilities)
maintain links, e.g. by filtering incoming links and identifying related articles.
(There is currently no way to apply Whatlinkshere directly to article sections.)
Piped linksসম্পাদনা
মূল পাতা: Wikipedia:Piped link
You may want to display a text for a link that is different from the linked article title. This can be achieved with what is called Piped links. Example: [[Henry II of England|Henry II]], which displays as Henry II. However, make sure that it is still clear what the link refers to without having to follow the link. Think about what the reader will believe the link is about. Example: When you use a link such as [[Archery at the 2008 Summer Olympics|Archery]] (which displays as Archery), the reader will expect this link to go to a general article on archery, rather than Archery at the ২০০৮ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক. The exception is when it is clear from the context that links go to specific articles, as in template:২০০৮ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক Calendar, where all links go to the article about these specific games.
Plurals and other derived names. When forming plurals, you can do so thus: [[apple]]s which includes the final "s" in the link like this: apples. This is easier to type and clearer to read in the source text than [[apple|apples]]. This works not just for "s", but for any words that consist of an article name and some additional letters. For details, see Help:Link.
Case sensitivity. Links are not sensitive to initial capitalization, so there is no need to use piping where the only difference between the text and the target is the case of the initial letter (Wikipedia article titles almost always begin with a capital, whereas the linked words in context often do not). However, links are case-sensitive for all but the initial character.
Intuitiveness.
উইকিপিডিয়া:EGG
Keep piped links as intuitive as possible. Per the Wikipedia:Principle of least astonishment, make sure that the reader knows what to expect when clicking on a link. For example, do not write this: টেমপ্লেট:Xt2 The readers will not see the hidden reference to the parton model unless they click on or hover over the piped particle physics link; in hard copy, the reference to partons is completely lost. Instead, reference the article with an explicit "see also" or by rephrasing: টেমপ্লেট:Xt2
Piping and redirects. Per টেমপ্লেট:Sectionlink above, do not use a piped link where it is possible to use a redirected term that fits well within the scope of the text. For example, let's assume the page "Poodle" is a redirect to the page "Dog", and while you're editing some other article, you want to add a link to the word "poodle". You may be tempted to avoid the redirect by directly linking to it with a pipe like this: [[Dog|poodle]]. Instead, write simply [[poodle]] and let the system handle the rest.
Piped links to sections of articlesসম্পাদনা
Linking to particular sections of articles can be useful, since it can take the reader immediately to the information that is most focused on the original topic. If you decided not to use a redirect, you have to use a piped link, because the format "Article name#Section name", is not good enough for display in an article. The format for a subsection link is [[Article#Section|name of link]]. Please note, section name is case sensitive. For example, to link to the "Culture" subsection of the Oman article, type [[Oman#Culture|culture of Oman]] (which displays as culture of Oman). As noted above, when doing this, add a hidden comment to the target section such as <!-- "Quark" links here --> so that someone changing the title of that section can fix the incoming links. (Alternatively, use {{Anchor}} in case of a large number of links to the section.)
See also Section linking help.
Links to Wikipedia's categoriesসম্পাদনা
Wikipedia has categories of articles like [[Category:Phrases]]; adding this to an article puts it into that category. You can link to a category by putting a colon in front.
For example [[:Category:Phrases]] links to Category:Phrases, and piping can be used: Phrases.
Red linksসম্পাদনা
মূল পাতা: Wikipedia:Red link
An internal link that displays in red points to a page that does not exist by that name. Some red links come about due to errors (misspelling, or failure to check the exact name of the target article); these should be fixed by correcting the spelling, using a piped link or, if appropriate, creating a redirect. However, many red links are perfectly legitimate, serving to point to an article which may exist in the future, and indeed encouraging editors to create such an article.[৪]
Legitimate red links should not be resolved by simply removing the bracket. If a red link is within the context of the article, and it is a topic with the potential to eventually be a neutral, verifiable and encyclopedic article, then the link should be kept. Such links do not have an expiration date, beyond which they must be "fixed". Red links should be removed only if they point to articles that are unlikely ever to be created, such as the names of book chapters, or if they would have little significance in the context of the present article even if they were created.
Red is only the default color for these links for logged-in users, who can change their preferences to select another color.
To make a link more useful to readers when no article currently exists, it may be useful to create a redirect to a relevant existing article or section, or to create a stub for the new article (check similar articles for conventions on naming and categorization).
Checking links as they are createdসম্পাদনা
উইকিপিডিয়া:TESTLINK
One of the most common errors in linking occurs when editors do not check to see whether a link they have created goes to the intended location. This is especially true when a mistake is not obvious to the reader or to other editors. The text of links needs to be exact, and many Wikipedia destinations have a number of similar titles. To avoid such problems, which can be irritating for readers, the following procedure is recommended, especially for editors who are new to creating links.
Carefully key in the link.
Click on "Show preview".
In the display-mode, click on the links to check they go where you intend; if they do not, fix them. If a destination page does not appear to exist, do a quick search to determine whether the article has a differently worded title or the subject is treated in a section of another article. Adjust the link accordingly or leave it as a red link.
Return to the "Show preview" page using your browser's return button.
Click on "Save page".
By following naming conventions, an internal link will be much more likely to lead to an existing article. When there is not yet an article about the subject, a good link will make the creation of a correctly named article much easier for subsequent writers.
Specific casesসম্পাদনা
Chronological itemsসম্পাদনা
Month-day linkingসম্পাদনা
Month-day articles (February 24 and 10 July) should not be linked unless their content is germane (i.e. "relevant and appropriate") and topical to the subject. Such links should share an important connection with that subject other than that the events occurred on the same date. For example, editors should not link the date (or year) in a sentence such as (from Sydney Opera House): "The Sydney Opera House was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 28 June 2007", because little, if any, of the contents of either June 28 or 2007 are germane to either UNESCO, a World Heritage Site, or the Sydney Opera House.
References to commemorative days (Saint Patrick's Day) are treated as for any other link. Intrinsically chronological articles (1789, January, and 1940s) may themselves contain linked chronological items.
Year linkingসম্পাদনা
Year articles (1795, 1955, 2007) should not be linked unless they contain information that is germane and topical to the subject matter—that is, the events in the year article should share an important connection other than merely that they occurred in the same year. For instance, Timeline of World War II (1942) may be linked to from another article about WWII, and so too may 1787 in science when writing about a particular development on the metric system in that year. However, the years of birth and death of architect Philip C. Johnson should not be linked, because little, if any, of the contents of 1906 and 2005 are germane to either Johnson or to architecture.
External linksসম্পাদনা
It has been suggested that this page or section be merged into External links. (Discuss)
মূল পাতা: Wikipedia:External links
Wikipedia is not a link collection and an article comprising only links is contrary to the "what Wikipedia is not" policy.
Syntaxসম্পাদনা
The syntax for referencing a URL is simple. Just enclose it in single brackets with a space between the URL and the text that will be displayed when the page is previewed or saved:
[http://www.example.org Text to display]
The URL must begin with http:// or another common protocol, such as ftp:// or news://. If no protocol is used, the square brackets will display normally – [like this] – and can be used in the standard way.
In addition, putting URLs in plain text with no markup automatically produces a link, for example http://www.example.org/ → http://www.example.org/. However, this feature may disappear in a future release. Therefore, in cases where you wish to display the URL because it is intrinsically valuable information, it is better to use the short form of the URL (host name) as the optional text: [http://www.example.org/ example.org] produces example.org.
Link titlesসম্পাদনা
মূল পাতা: Wikipedia:Embedded citations
You should not add a descriptive title to an embedded HTML link within an article. Instead, when giving an embedded link as a source within an article, simply enclose the URL in square brackets, like this: [http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1650417,00.html] → [১]. However, you should add a descriptive title when an external link is offered in the References, Further reading, or External links section. This is done by supplying descriptive text after the URL, separated by a space and enclosing it all in square brackets.
For example, to add a title to a bare URL such as http://en.wikipedia.org/ (this is rendered as http://en.wikipedia.org/), use the following syntax: [http://en.wikipedia.org/ an open-content encyclopedia] (this is rendered as "an open-content encyclopedia").
Generally, URLs are ugly and uninformative; it is better for a meaningful title to be displayed rather than the URL itself. For example, European Space Agency website is much more reader-friendly than http://www.esa.int/export/esaCP/index.html. There may be exceptions where the URL is well known or is the company name. In this case, putting both the URL and a valid title will be more informative: for example, European Space Agency website, www.esa.int.
If the URL is displayed, make it as simple as possible; for example, if the index.html is superfluous, remove it (but be sure to check in preview mode first).
The "printable version" of a page displays all URLs in full, including those given a title, so no information is lost.
URLs as embedded (numbered) linksসম্পাদনা
Without the optional text, external references appear as automatically numbered links: For example,
[http://en.wikipedia.org/]
is displayed like this: টেমপ্লেট:Xt2
When an embedded HTML link is used to provide an inline source in an article, a numbered link should be used after the punctuation, like this, [২] with a full citation given in the References section. See Wikipedia:Cite sources and Wikipedia:Verifiability for more information.
When placed in the References and External links sections, these links should be expanded with link text, and preferably a full citation, including the name of the article, the author, the journal or newspaper the article appeared in, the date it was published, and the date retrieved.
Position in articleসম্পাদনা
Embedded links that are used to support information in an article are positioned in the same manner as any other reference in the article, following the usual standards about citation formatting and placement in relation to punctuation.
Links that are not used as sources can be listed in the External links section, like this:
* [http://
As with other top-level headings, two equal signs should be used to mark up the external links heading (see Headings elsewhere in the article). External links should always be the last section in an article. It precedes categories and some kinds of navigation templates.
If there is a dispute on the position of an embedded link, consider organizing alphabetically.
Non-English-language sitesসম্পাদনা
Webpages in English are highly preferred. Linking to non-English pages may still be useful for readers in the following cases:
when the website is the subject of the article
when linking to pages with maps, diagrams, photos, tables (explain the key terms with the link, so that people who do not know the language can interpret them)
when the webpage contains information found on no English-language site of comparable quality, and is used as a citation (or when translations on English-language sites are not authoritative).
If the language is one that most readers could not be expected to recognize, or is for some other reason unclear from the name of the publication or the book/article/page title, consider indicating what language the site is in.
Example: El País, a Spanish-language newspaper from Madrid
You can also indicate the language by putting a language icon after the link. This is done using Template:Languageicon by typing {{Languageicon|<language code>|<language name>}}. For example, {{Languageicon|es}} displays as: (স্পেনীয়). Alternatively, type {{xx icon}}, where xx is the language code. For example, {{pl icon}} gives: (পোলীয়). See Category:Language icon templates for a list of these templates and the list of ISO 639 codes.
File type and sizeসম্পাদনা
If the link is not to an HTML or PDF file (the latter is identified automatically by the software with an icon like this: [৩]), identify the file type. Useful templates are available: {{DOClink}}, {{RTFlink}}. If a browser plugin is required to view the file, mention that as well.
If the link is to a large file (in the case of HTML, consider the size of the entire page, including the images), a note about that is useful too. Someone with a slow connection may decide not to use it.
Interwiki linksসম্পাদনা
মূল পাতাগুলি: Wikipedia:Interlanguage links এবং Wikipedia:Interwikimedia links
Linkingসম্পাদনা
Interwiki links can take the form of:
[[wiktionary:article]] which appears as: wiktionary:article.
The pipe symbol suppresses the prefix:
[[wiktionary:article|]] → article.
Adding text after the pipe allows different text:
[[wiktionary:article|Any text]] → Any text
Floating boxesসম্পাদনা
উইকিউক্তিতে নিচের বিষয় সম্পর্কে সংগৃহীত উক্তি আছে:: Jimmy Wales
Floating boxes for links to articles in other Wikimedia Foundation projects such as Wiktionary and Wikiquote can be done with special link templates such as {{Wikiquote|Jimmy Wales}}. These will display as a box with a logo. Similar templates exist for some free content resources that are not run by the Wikimedia Foundation. These boxes are formatted in light green to distinguish them from Wikipedia's official sister projects. A list of such templates can be found at Wikipedia:List of templates linking to other free content projects.
Link maintenanceসম্পাদনা
Linking and continual change are both central features of Wikipedia; however, continual change makes linking vulnerable to acquired technical faults and the provision of different information from that which was originally intended. This is true of both "outgoing" links (from an article) and "incoming" links (to an article).
Outgoing links: These should be checked from time to time for unintended changes that are undesirable; if the opportunity arises to improve their formatting, appropriateness and focus, this should be done.
Incoming links: Creating an article will turn blue any existing red links to its title (redlinks are usually created in the hope that an article will eventually be written). Therefore, when creating an article, it is wise to check "What links here" to identify such redlinks, if any, and that they are appropriate.
Notesসম্পাদনা
↑ Many, but not all, articles repeat the article title in bold face in the first line of the article. Linking the article to itself produces boldface text; this practice is discouraged as page moves will result in a useless circular link through a redirect. Linking part of the bolded text is also discouraged because it changes the visual effect of bolding; some readers will miss the visual cue which is the purpose of using bold face in the first place.
↑ Dvorak, John C. (এপ্রিল ২০০২)। "Missing Links"। PC Magazine। উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে (link)
↑ Units of measurement which are common only in some parts of the English-speaking world need not be linked if they are accompanied by a conversion to units common in the rest of it, as in ১৮ °সে (৬৪ °ফা), as almost all readers of the English Wikipedia would be able to understand at least one of the two measures. Some units of measure, like "ounce" or "pound" can be misinterpreted because they are ambiguous. A link might serve, if a simple statement, "troy ounce", does not.[স্পষ্টকরণ প্রয়োজন] Do not use a link for an ambiguous unit of measure unless a thorough explanation would help the article's context. You would then link "Ounce" or "pound" to the Troy weight or Avoirdupois weight article. For example, in an article specifically on measurement or on units of measurement, links to common units of measurement are useful.
↑ Academic research has suggested that red links may be a driving force in Wikipedia growth; see Diomidis Spinellis and Panagiotis Louridas (2008): The collaborative organization of knowledge. In Communications of the ACM, August 2008, 51(8), 68–73. DOI:10.1145/1378704.1378720. Quote: "Most new articles are created shortly after a corresponding reference to them is entered into the system". See also inflationary hypothesis of Wikipedia growth
See alsoসম্পাদনা
Help:Contents/Links
Wikipedia:External links
Wikipedia:Integrate
Wikipedia:Interlanguage links
Wikipedia:Interwikimedia links
Wikipedia:Link color
Wikipedia:Links to disambiguating pages
Wikipedia:Links to (disambiguation) pages
Wikipedia:Linky tutorial
Wikipedia:Red link
Wikipedia:Walled garden
Wikipedia:Dead-end pages, pages without internal links
Wikipedia:Orphaned articles, pages without incoming links
Wikipedia:Wikiproject Orphanage
Template:Deadend
Template:Wikify
Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information
Wikipedia:Allwiki, the idea that every single word should be a link (historical)
The Effects of Pre-Existing Inappropriate Highlighting on Reading Comprehension
'https://bn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=উইকিপিডিয়া:সংযোগ&oldid=681567' থেকে আনীত
০৫:৫৩, ৪ আগস্ট ২০১০ তারিখে সর্বশেষ সম্পাদিত


The GS/OS has a GUI much like that newfangled computer called the Mac Plus, but it's better. Not only does it have beautiful colors, but it supports all kinds of new innovations, including AppleTalk, 3.5″ disks, and huge hard drives. These new innovations require hefty system hardware, so users of Apple ][, ][+, //e, //c, and other non-GS Apple IIs can't run it. Even users with GSes can't run it if they don't have a lot of memory.
The GS/OS scatters files all around your disk, mostly in this folder called 'System.' Within it, there are folders called 'FSTs', 'CDEVs', 'Drivers', 'Fonts', 'System.Setup', and 'Tools'. Within these folders are tons of indistinguishable files. Really, you don't want to mess with this folder at all, otherwise, you could mess up your IIGS.
The GS/OS comes with an installer that is also used to update your computer, as well as install some third-party programs. This makes installing/updating/removing things very intuitive.
Your older Apple II programs run in an environment that actually starts up the old ProDOS familiar to most Apple II users. However, some programs do not like running in this environment and crash.
The older DOS 3.3 format is now unsupported by GS/OS, so any older disks you have can't be used. This makes for many inconveniences.
Apps written to run natively in the GS/OS will be impressive, offering color graphics at high resolutions, sound, and more. However with older app support being spotty, and GS/OS requiring a whopping 1 MB of RAM and at least 600K disk space, it's not for everyone.
New technologies are sure to leave people behind, but this means that most will have to buy a new computer.


text:
package org.eclipse.ceylon.common.tool;

import java.io.Flushable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.BreakIterator;
import java.util.TreeSet;

/**
 * Facility for producing nicely word-wrapped output.
 * @author tom
 */
public class WordWrap {

    private class LineOutput {
        private final Appendable out;
        /** The current column */
        private int pos = 0;
        /** true if we're at the beginning of a line*/
        private boolean bol = true;
        /** true if this is a first line */
        private boolean fl = true;
        private String prefix = null;

        public LineOutput(Appendable out) {
            this.out = out;
        }
        public void append(String word) {
            try {
                if (bol) {
                    spaces(fl ? indentFirstLine : indentRestLines);
                    prefix();
                }
                out.append(word);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore it
            }
            pos+=word.length();
        }
        private void prefix() throws IOException {
            if (prefix != null) {
                out.append(prefix);
                pos += prefix.length();
                bol = pos == 0;
            }
        }
        private void newline(boolean fl) {
            try {
                out.append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
                pos = 0;
                bol = true;
                this.fl = fl;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // ignore it
            }
        }
        private void newlineHard() {
            newline(true);
        }
        private void newlineSoft() {
            newline(false);
        }
        private void spaces(int num) {
            for (int ii = 0; ii < num; ii++) {
                bol = false;
                try {
                    out.append(' ');
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // ignore it
                }
            }
            pos += num;
        }
        public void spacesToColumn(int column) {
            spaces(Math.max(column - pos, 0));
        }
        public int column() {
            return pos;
        }
    }

    private final int width;
    private int rightIndent = 0;
    private TreeSet<Integer> tabstops = new TreeSet<Integer>();
    private int indentFirstLine;
    private int indentRestLines;
    private final LineOutput out;

    /**
     * Creates a wordwrap instance wrapping
     * {@linkplain #System.out standard output}.
     */
    public WordWrap() {
        this(System.out);
    }

    public WordWrap(Appendable out) {
        this(out, Integer.getInteger("org.eclipse.ceylon.common.tool.terminal.width", 80));
    }

    public WordWrap(Appendable out, int width) {
        if (width <= 0) {
            this.width = 80;
        } else {
            this.width = width;
        }
        this.out = new LineOutput(out);
    }

    private void boundsCheck(int column) {
        if (column < 0 || column >= width) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the indentation level. Equivalent to calling
     * {@link #setIndentFirstLine(int) setIndentFirstLine(indent)} followed by
     * {@link #setIndentRestLines(int) setIndentRestLines(indent)}.
     */
    public void setIndent(int indent) {
        setIndentFirstLine(indent);
        setIndentRestLines(indent);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the indentation level of first lines
     * @see #setIndentRestLines(int)
     */
    public void setIndentFirstLine(int indent) {
        boundsCheck(indent);
        this.indentFirstLine = indent;
    }

    public int getIndentFirstLine() {
        return this.indentFirstLine;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the indentation level of non-first lines
     * @see #setIndentFirstLines(int)
     */
    public void setIndentRestLines(int indent) {
        boundsCheck(indent);
        this.indentRestLines = indent;
    }

    public int getIndentRestLines() {
        return this.indentRestLines;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the right margin
     */
    public void setRightIndent(int indent) {
        boundsCheck(indent);
        this.rightIndent = indent;
    }

    public int getRightIndent() {
        return this.rightIndent;
    }

    public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
        out.prefix = prefix;
    }

    public String getPrefix() {
        return out.prefix;
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    /**
     * Adds a tab stop.
     * @param stop
     * @see #tab()
     * @see #removeTabStop(int)
     */
    public void addTabStop(int stop) {
        boundsCheck(stop);
        tabstops.add(stop);
    }

    /**
     * Removes a tab stop.
     * @param stop
     */
    public void removeTabStop(int stop) {
        tabstops.remove(stop);
    }

    /**
     * Clears all tab stops.
     * @param stop
     */
    public void clearTabStops() {
        tabstops.clear();
    }

    private String collapseWs(String s) {
        return s.replaceAll("\\s+", " ");
    }

    private String trimRight(String s) {
        return s.replaceAll("\\s+$", "");
    }

    private String prepend = "";

    /**
     * Appends the given string to the output.
     * @param s The string.
     */
    public WordWrap append(String s) {
        s = collapseWs(s);
        String prependNext = s.endsWith(" ") ? " " : "";
        s = prepend + trimRight(s);
        prepend = prependNext;

        // TODO Some control over soft and hard hyphens
        // spaces and newlines
        BreakIterator bi = BreakIterator.getLineInstance();
        bi.setText(s);
        int endOfLast = 0;
        int ii;
        // iterate forwards through characters...
        for (ii = 0; ii < s.length(); ii++) {
            // ...until the line is too long...
            if (exceedsWidth(endOfLast, ii)) {
                endOfLast = addLineBreak(s, bi, endOfLast, ii);
            }

        }
        if (exceedsWidth(endOfLast, ii)) {
            ii--;
            endOfLast = addLineBreak(s, bi, endOfLast, ii);
        }
        s = s.substring(endOfLast);
        out.append(s);

        return this;
    }

    private int addLineBreak(String s, BreakIterator bi, int endOfLast, int ii) {
        int safe = ii;
        while (!bi.isBoundary(ii)) {
            ii--;
            if (ii < endOfLast) {
                ii = safe;
                break;
            }
        }
        out.append(trimRight(s.substring(endOfLast, ii)));
        out.newlineSoft();
        endOfLast = ii;
        return endOfLast;
    }

    private boolean exceedsWidth(int endOfLast, int ii) {
        return out.column() + (ii-endOfLast) >= width-rightIndent;
    }

    /**
     * Prints a hard new line (in other words, starts a new paragraph).
     */
    public WordWrap newline() {
        this.prepend = "";
        out.newlineHard();
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Moves to the next tab stop, that is the one to the right of the
     * {@linkplain #getColumn() current column}.
     * @see #addTabStop(int)
     */
    public WordWrap tab() {
        out.spacesToColumn(tabstops.higher(out.column()));
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * If {@link #getColumn()}{@code < column} then writes sufficient spaces
     * so that the next chararacter will appear in that column.
     * Otherwise does nothing.
     * @param column
     * @return
     */
    public WordWrap column(int column) {
        out.spacesToColumn(column);
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the column position where the next character will be written
     * @return
     */
    public int getColumn() {
        return out.column();
    }

    /**
     * Flushes the output, if it is {@link Flushable}.
     */
    public void flush() {
        try {
            if (out instanceof Flushable) {
                ((Flushable)out).flush();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // ignore
        }
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: how to repeat function with for loop? I am trying to generate a pn sequence and it works. However, when I try I call the function with different inputs in a for-loop, it gives me the same results each time. As if it is not affected by using the for loop. Why?
This is my code:
%e.g. noof flip flops 4 ==>
function[op_seq]=pnseq(a,b,c)
a = 7;
%generator polynomial x4+x+1    ==>
b = [1 0 0 1 1 0 1 ]
%initial state [1 0 0 0] ==>
c = [1 0 0 0 1 0 1 ]
%refere figure to set a relation between tap function and initial state
%
for j= 1:50,
x = a;
tap_ff =b;
int_stat= c;
for i = 1:1: length(int_stat)
    old_stat(i) = int_stat(i);
    gen_pol(i) = tap_ff(i);
end
len = (2 ^x)-1;
gen_pol(i+1)= 1;
gen_l = length(gen_pol);
old_l = length(old_stat);
for i1 = 1: 1:len
    % feed back input genration
    t = 1;
    for i2 = 1:old_l
        if gen_pol(i2)==1
            stat_str(t) = old_stat(gen_l - i2);
            i2 = i2+1;
            t = t+1;
        else
            i2 = i2+1;
        end
    end
    stat_l = length(stat_str);
    feed_ip = stat_str(1);
    for i3 = 1: stat_l-1
        feed_ip = bitxor(feed_ip,stat_str(i3 + 1));
        feed_ipmag(i1) = feed_ip;
        i3 = i3+1;
    end
    % shifting elements
    new_stat = feed_ip;
    for i4 = 1:1:old_l
        new_stat(i4+1) = old_stat(i4);
        old_stat(i4)= new_stat(i4);
    end
    op_seq(i1) = new_stat(old_l +1);
end
%op_seq;
end

A: I assume you're doing something like:
for n = 1:10
  ...
  % set a,b,c for this n
  ...
  op_seq =pnseq(a,b,c)
  ...
end

and that you see the same op_seq output for each case. This is because you have a,b,c as inputs, but you overwrite them at the start of your function. If I remove, or comment out the following lines in your function:
a = 7;
b = [1 0 0 1 1 0 1 ]
c = [1 0 0 0 1 0 1 ]

Then I get different results for calling the function with different a,b,c. There is nothing random in your function, so the same inputs give the same outputs.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
©INPHO/James Crombie Katie Taylor shows off her Olympic gold medal from the cockpit.
# London 2012
Irish pride as Olympic squad touches down in Dublin
The Minister for Sport promised to fight for more funding as he welcome Ireland's Olympians home at a small reception in Dublin Airport this afternoon.
WITH FIVE PRECIOUS pieces of additional luggage in tow, Team Ireland's Olympic squad arrived home on Monday afternoon after playing their part in the country's most successful Games since 1956.
The public clamour of Italia 90 was noticeable by its absence in Dublin Airport but the welcome back to Irish shores was no less warm as proud friends and family packed out a small reception to greet sons, daughters, brothers and sisters — their heroes.
Olympic champion Katie Taylor led the team off the chartered Aer Lingus aircraft shortly before 2pm, flanked by her fellow boxing medallists John Joe Nevin, Michael Conlan and Paddy Barnes.
Cian O'Connor, who returned home to Ireland last week after winning showjumping bronze, joined the rest of his team-mates for the first part of what will surely be a long list of homecoming celebrations.
Minister for Sport Michael Ring TD, Northern Ireland Sports Minister Carál Ní Chuilín and Lord Mayor of Dublin Naoise Ó Muirí were among those present.
With an official welcome scheduled for Dublin's Mansion House on Wednesday, members of the public were advised not to travel to Dublin Airport.
Anxious to catch a glimpse of the squad, more than a hundred fans ignored that warning and waited patiently in the Terminal 2 arrivals hall for the athletes to filter through.
Beyond the barrier, Olympic Council of Ireland President Pat Hickey proclaimed the Games to have been "a tremendous success" for Ireland.
"We went away as a team and we came back as a stronger team," Hickey said. "A family team with no problems between anybody, with great comradeship and we're so happy to be back."
Chef de Mission Sonia O'Sullivan also highlighted the bond between the athletes for particular praise.
It's very easy for us to focus on our medal winners — Katie, Paddy, John Joe, Michael and Cian – but I believe that their success was helped along the way by the very positive team spirit and positive energy that I always hoped would be the core element of each team member's experience of these Olympic Games.
I'm very proud to have been part of this team and I believe for the first time in all of my Olympic experiences, the Olympic spirit transpired throughout the team in the visible support and encouragement the athletes gave to each other.
"Heroes" was the word used by Minister Ring as he saluted the returning team.
"I as Minster for Sport have a job to go in and negotiate for funding every year," he said.
"I will have to go back to government again and I want to thank the team. I want to thank everyone who took part in the Olympics in London because any government minister, whether he's in finance or any other department, cannot but give me more money now after the success we had.
"Money's big in sport. It's better than putting it into hospitals, into consultants, into doctors. The more that we can get people participating in sport, the better."
The homecoming celebrations will continue into Monday evening with local events planned in Bray, Mullingar and Belfast.
They're home! Katie Taylor and fellow Olympians touch down
2012 OLYMPICS CARáL Ní CHUILíN CIAN O'CONNOR DUBLIN AIRPORT HOMECOMING JOHN JOE NEVIN KATIE TAYLOR LONDON 2012 MICHAEL CONLAN MICHAEL RING TD NAOISE Ó MUIRí PADDY BARNES
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Email "Irish pride as Olympic squad touches down in Dublin".
Feedback on "Irish pride as Olympic squad touches down in Dublin".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Effective from: 1 September 2021
This The Earth Prize Copyright Policy is a part of our Terms & Conditions. It explains the rules applicable to the content available of this website and submitted by you through the website.
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4. FAIR USE
5. COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT
6. HOW TO CONTACT US?
You can submit various content through this website, including your project for The Earth Prize competition, reviews, comments, files, creations, inventions, ideas, and other materials. We refer to such content as "Your Content". You are and remain the owner of Your Content. You will retain all intellectual property rights to Your Content.
You have to make sure that Your Content is unique. Your Content should not contain any materials protected by copyright, including music tracks, photos, videos, programs, and texts, that you are not allowed to use. If Your Content violates our Terms & Conditions or any applicable laws, including intellectual property rights of others (copyright, trademarks, and alike), you are not allowed to submit such content. You will be responsible for paying all royalties, fees, and any other monies applicable to Your Content.
In order to ensure the security of the website, we may, from time to time, review Your Content. If we find that Your Content violates Terms & Conditions or may harm our reputation, we will refuse to upload, modify, delete, or remove Your Content, in whole or in part. However, you remain solely responsible for Your Content.
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We own or are authorized to use most of the content that you can find on the Website (excluding Your Content). We refer to such content as "Our Content". Our Content includes, but is not limited to, text, images, audiovisual content, source code, trademarks, service marks, and trade names. Our Content is protected by the applicable intellectual property laws and international treaties.
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text:
Trans Uber employees say they're being blocked and deadnamed
Their attempts to contact Uber support are rarely met with compassion.
picture alliance/picture alliance/Getty Images
Everyone's favorite ride-sharing company doesn't know that gender non-conforming people exist, apparently. Uber's app for drivers has been locking out nonbinary and trans employees after submitting updated identification records, The Los Angeles Times reports.
Adrien Escobedo, a trans man driving for Uber Eats in California, says he was locked out of his Uber account without warning last summer. He tells The LA Times that he tried at least 20 times to resubmit the required documentation, including photos of his face, copies of his license, and proof of car insurance. He was denied every time.
He was forced to wait weeks for a response from the company and ended up receiving an in-app message stating that, because he had submitted fraudulent documents, he had been banned from driving for Uber. The ban would be permanent, with no chance for appeal.
Escobedo is far from the only gender non-conforming person to find themselves on the wrong end of Uber's ID verification process. And Uber doesn't seem to care much at all.
A broken pact — A not-insignificant number of Uber drivers have had their accounts permanently banned for exactly the same reason, according to documentation shared with The LA Times. None were able to re-open their accounts through the company's appeals system. The blocked workers have reportedly spent hours speaking to Uber's support desk about their situations to no avail. Some spent days at a time just working to have Uber display their proper names, rather than their deadnames.
Uber has made explicit promises in the last year to "create a safer, more inclusive company" for LGBTQ employees, including the creation of a $60,000 fund to help drivers update their IDs. Escobedo's account was banned just days after that announcement had been made.
Systemic gig worker abuse — Uber's appeals process failed to such an extreme that a civil rights organization had to step in for the situation to be rectified; Escobedo was only able to use his Uber account again after the ACLU of Southern California sent the company a letter demanding the account be reinstated.
It's no secret, in 2021, that Uber cares naught for its workers' well-being. The company's frantic fight against California's proposed gig worker reforms proved as much. Who could forget the time Uber threatened to pull out of California entirely rather than give its workers basic benefits?
Uber says matching profile pictures to IDs is a fraud prevention measure, and that the company is working to improve its internal processes to ensure it runs smoothly for all drivers. We're not holding our breath on that one.


Everyone is retweeting that quote on twitter.
They traded Isaiah to the Lakers so LeBron won't go there!
Actually they freed up the cap space for him and George to go there.
I don't think Lebron is going to the Lakers plus the Lakers would still have to move Randle possibly and they are still on the books for Luol Deng.
Lakers have Ball,Kuzma and Ingram,all super young ,I see lebron going more to a veteran team ready to win now.


1. Wind the hair in large rollers, directing it towards the face.
2-3. Take the rollers out and comb the locks dry with your fingers.
Isolate the crown zone as shown in the photo.
4. Tease the remaining hair to attain volume at the roots.
a brush. Fix the hair with invisible clips, leaving the ends loose.
8. Tease the roots of the crown zone.
with hair spray. Set these fluffy strands making a voluminous bun.


Free shipping is a marketing tactic used primarily by online vendors and mail-order catalogs as a sales strategy to attract customers.
Internet vendors benefit from a simplified sales model as compared to traditional brick-and-mortar stores. By storing goods remotely at a warehouse location and shipping goods directly to a consumer, significant transportation needs are eliminated both on the part of the vendor (shipping goods to stores) any by the consumer (traveling to stores). Additionally, near universal access to the Internet means that a relatively few warehouse locations can compete with a market without having to deal with amounts of real-estate.
Bulls point guard breakdown: Big Baller Brand and Lonzo Ball moving to Chicago?
Brexit: Can you have frictionless trade in a customs union?


Are you an experienced Business Development and Sales Manager with significant knowledge of the payment solutions market place?
The successful candidate will be knowledgeable in selling eCommerce payment solutions for a minimum of 2-years. They will be driven to succeed in generating, nurturing and closing opportunities, leading to uncapped commission and professional advancement.
* Track record of targeting and contacting lists of prospects and winning them as clients.
APPLY NOW: The client is ready to progress to interview immediately and is expected to move quickly to fill this vacancy. Please click apply for immediate consideration.


Programming insights to Storytelling, it's all here.
Failing often, making mistakes, struggling, hustling, this is the recipe to build character and success. That's what we hear on the receiving side of the podium.
The computer is a controlled environment. None of its parts is sparingly built. For every device attached to it, there is a team that tirelessly worked to bring to life. The programmers spend the better part of their day building software that, to the best of their knowledge, will never fail. But just in case they fail or don't go as planned, the same programmers throw errors to know exactly what went wrong.
The secret to lose 10 pounds in a week, the secret to be more productive, the secret to appear on Google's first page, the secret to become a millionaire. I used to read those, but now they seem more like a cheap attempt to make money off of desperate people. On the web, spam site took those books and refurbished them into click bait articles who exist for the sole purpose of generating more page views and ad impressions.
Shut the world out. Chose one language. Any. Then get started.
When the thing you do the most is consume, you are more likely to get bored. That could be shopping, watching TV, watching YouTube, surfing Reddit or reading articles on the web. All those things give you the illusion of being busy while all it's doing is releasing dopamine in your system.
"Good artists copy, great artists steal." The same quote has been used to justify the creation of beautiful art, and also to download pirated copies of movies. The web tends to take things of important value and turn them into a sad over emphasized joke. But I don't want to focus on that today. I want to explore how to create something original.
I went to re-read the stuff I write on this blog and yes, I tend to lean toward the negative side of things. The world of programming is complicated, it is stressful, it can be depressing, but it is also the best industry to be in.
I didn't love programming before I started. It was a mean to an end. I was broke, dropped out of college and needed to make a living. Programming was something that made sense to me. When I read code, it didn't feel like a coded language that could only be deciphered by smart people. To me it was simple sets of instructions that allowed communication with a computer. A computer's language. I didn't see a flash of light followed by a hipster song montage with me coding in the dark with the screen light shining on my nerd glasses. I don't even wear glasses.
It is tempting to think that the reason open source software works, is because it is free. Linux, Apache, Nginx, android are all open source software and they make the world go around. It helps that they cost nothing to get, but the reason they are so successful is because they are amazing pieces of software.
You are not going to convince anyone with facts and figures. Have you heard of the climate change argument? Have you heard of internet arguments?


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ONE WALL AT A TIME
Debra Ferrari introduces a new line of wallcoverings inspired by Mother Nature
by DANA W. TODD / photography by HOLGER OBENAUS
Monet wallcovering
Debra Ferrari credits her mother and an endless number of summer hikes in the national parks in her home state of Ohio for her love of nature. "Almost every weekend during summer breaks, my mother would pack up the station wagon with my sister, brother, me, our dog and any neighborhood kid willing to tag along to go hiking," she says. It is this love and appreciation for nature that permeates all of her contemporary fine art paintings.
Continuing in the tradition of interpreting nature through her acrylic paintings, Ferrari recently launched a collection of wallcoverings inspired by her fine art. Initially containing 24 designs, Ferrari plans to increase the collection over time. Although each wallcovering design is a magnification of an interesting detail from one of her fine art paintings, they are not simply digitally repetitive patterns but more artistically styled. Ferrari created the wallcoverings for small spaces, such as a powder room, or as an accent on a wall or in an alcove.
"Humans have a deep connection with nature, and we spend the majority of our time indoors. Bringing the feeling of the outdoors in helps us to feel calm, centered and at ease," she says. "The wallcoverings are created to add interest and design to a space or room. They are available in ready-to-go rolls, or they can be customized to fit specific room dimensions. Some designs can be replicated on a larger scale and are marked on my website."
Zion II, acrylic on canvas, 58″ x 93.5″;
Since all of Ferrari's fine art and wallcoverings are focused on nature, it is important to her that the new wallcovering collection is printed in the United States on eco-friendly paper. "The wallcovering substrate brings the feeling of a traditional canvas to a space," she says.
The fine artworks on which the wallcovering collection is based are large-format acrylic paintings with layer upon layer of brushwork and troweling. "I create depth and interest in my paintings by adding multiple layers of paint onto my canvases," Ferrari says. While all of her collections have a connection to nature, the Adler Collection, which she paints outdoors, is truly inspired by Mother Nature.
Zion I, acrylic on canvas, 58″ x 93.5″
Although recent hikes in Zion National Park this year and daily walks on the Katy Trail in Dallas fuel new subject matter, collectors and fans also send Ferrari snapshots of their sunsets and storms from all over the world, which inspire new paintings in her Forces of Nature Collection. These inspirations are integrated into both her fine art paintings and wallcoverings. "My original fine art paintings narrate my love for nature, depicting beautiful spaces and transporting my viewers to places in time and memories of their own experiences in the natural world," she says.
Glacier II, acrylic on canvas, 38″ x 60″
The wallcoverings are available through Ferrari's designer program, which is celebrating 20 years since its creation. "The wallcoverings are available to both the public and trade in my showroom and online. I have worked with interior designers for over 20 years and made many new friends that way," Ferrari says. "The wallcoverings actually were inspired by an interior designer friend, Lisa Hendrickson, who planted the seed of the idea in my head to create artful wallcoverings. Through the program, I give designers first access to new designs as well as special pricing. My goal is to make it a turnkey process for designers, making it easy for them to present and provide art to their clients."
Custom wallcoverings are ready in just three weeks from order to installation. For designers and homeowners who would like to see the full wallcovering collection in person, Ferrari showcases samples in her gallery, Ferrari Gallery, located in the Dallas Design District and online.
Dana W. Todd is a professional writer specializing in interior design, real estate, luxury homebuilding, landscape design, architecture and art.
DEBRA FERRARI FINE ART
1605 DRAGON ST.
DEBRAFERRARI.COM
FERRARIGALLERY.NET


Google's New Algorithm Good for Content Creators?
" The net effect is that searchers are more likely to see the sites that wrote the original content rather than a site that scraped or copied the original site's content."
Even with rising competition, Google still sets the standard in regards to search. Marketing strategies today push for original content for the purpose of audience engagement. With Google's move rewarding original content with improved search rankings, wouldn't posting original content be even more important?
What do you all think? It already was important but does Google's move push brands even harder in having to become content creators to stay afloat online?


Add children and link them with different family members.
Auto create Family groups for all linked members.
Invite members by email or search by child name.
Forum page for parents to discuss & share images.
Create events & set Reminder.
Group moderator and member's access.
Group invitation, accept/reject flow with notifications.
Secure data connection with AES encryption.
Rk Software is one the leading Magento web development companies delivering engaging omni-channel and multiple device friendly storefront experiences to customers using Magento Enterprise & Community editions. Our Magento development services help enterprise launch new ecommerce stores, create brand experiences, expand into new geographies and experiment with new business models.
With our professional Magento development services, we offer end-to-end online shopping portal solutions helping small, medium or enterprise business to innovate, scale, and achieve extraordinary growth for ecommerce portal.


text:
Coronavirus in New York
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Prize, Events, & Promotions Questions
Waking Up With CJ & JessWaking Up With CJ & Jess
Damn. This is New York's Most Googled Relationship Related Question?
Are folks here in the Empire State just not feeling the love? Valentine's Day isn't always about love and romance though. In fact, quite a few folks decide to part ways with their significant other on February 14. So what are New Yorkers wondering about when it comes to love-related questions for Valentine's?
A website called CenturyLink gathered the what Americans are Googling when it comes to Valentine's Day related questions, and even broke it down state by state. It looks like New Yorkers might be looking to part ways with their sweetheart.
While some in other states wondered wondered when is the right time to text back, or how long does it take to get over a breakup. New York wants to know "how to break up". Yes, that's what came out on top. But according to research, New York isn't the only state looking to go their own way. Eleven other states, including Connecticut, wanted to know the best way to break up.
People in New Jersey, however, seemed more interested in hooking up. Their top question that the state searched for was "How to get dates?".
And while that may seem a bit more encouraging, at least we're not Wyoming or Alaska. Both states needed a little help, as "how to kiss?" was their top question.
Listen to the Wakin' Up With CJ and Jess Show weekday mornings from 6AM to 10AM on The Wolf. Stream us live through the website, Alexa-enabled device, Google Home or The Wolf mobile app.
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I've been a big fan of Bradford Young for a while now. His work on films like 'Selma', 'Ain't Them Bodies Saints' and 'A Most Violent Year' are all standouts and absolutely gorgeous.
So, you can imagine my excitement when I found these short interviews with Bradford from CookOpticsTV. In them, Bradford gives tips on using practicals, negative fill, and bounce. He also briefly goes into staying flexible while working on a production that has huge changes, like replacing directors in Solo.
Find more from CookOpticTV on their YouTube channel.


The Israeli Labor Party (Hebrew: מפלגת העבודה הישראלית, Mifleget HaAvoda HaYisraelit), generally known in Israel as Avoda (Hebrew: עבודה), is a center-left political party in Israel. It is a social democratic and Zionist party, a member of the Socialist International and an observer member of the Party of European Socialists. From 1999, the party has been allied to the small left-wing, religious Zionist party Meimad, in an electoral agreement whereby Meimad gets the tenth seat on Labor's list.
Some of the most prominent leaders in the history of modern Israel were from the Labor Party, including Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin, and Shimon Peres. Meir was one of the original signatories of the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. She also served as the fourth Prime Minister. Meir was noted for her policy of retribution for the slaughter by Palestinian terrorists of Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympics. Rabin was the fifth Prime Minister, who together with Peres and Yasser Arafat won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work constructing the Oslo Accords. The success of the Accords were limited and Rabin was assassinated for his role in the Oslo process. Peres has since left the Labor Party to join the unity party, Kadima. He was elected President of Israel in 2007.
The foundations for the formation of the Israeli Labor Party were laid shortly before the 1965 Knesset elections when Mapai, the largest left-wing party in the country formed an alliance with Ahdut HaAvoda. The alliance was an attempt by Mapai to shore up the party's share of the vote following a break-away of eight MKs (around a fifth of Mapai's Knesset faction) led by David Ben-Gurion to form a new party, Rafi. The move was a protest against Mapai's failure to approve a change to the country's proportional representation voting system.
The alliance, called the Labor Alignment, won 45 seats in the elections, and was able to form the government in coalition with the National Religious Party, Mapam, the Independent Liberals, Agudat Israel Workers, Progress and Development and Cooperation and Brotherhood. After the Six-Day War broke out, Rafi and Gahal joined the coalition.
On January 23, 1968, Mapai, Ahdut HaAvoda and Rafi (with the exception of Ben-Gurion, who formed the National List in protest) merged into one body; the Israeli Labor Party. On January 28, 1969, the party allied itself with Mapam, the alliance becoming known as the Alignment.
As the largest faction within the Alignment, Labor came to dominate it. Mapam left during the eighth Knesset, but rejoined shortly afterward. They broke away again during the eleventh Knesset, angry at Shimon Peres's decision to form a national unity government with Likud. Although the Independent Liberals merged into the Alignment in the 1980s, they had no Knesset representation at the time.
On October 7, 1991, the Alignment ceased to exist, with all factions formally merged into the Labor Party. Led by Yitzhak Rabin, the party won the 1992 elections and formed the government. Rabin's decision to advance peace talks with the Palestinians to the point of signing the Oslo Accords led to his his assassination in 1995. Peres decided to call early elections in 1996, to give him a mandate for advancing the peace process. However, his ploy failed; although Labor won the most seats in the Knesset election, he lost to the election for Prime Minister to Benjamin Netanyahu following a wave of suicide bombings by Hamas. Netanyahu and Likud were thus able to form the government.
With his coalition falling apart, Netanyahu decided to call early elections in 1999. Ehud Barak won the internal primaries, and was nominated as the Labor candidate for Prime Minister. Meanwhile, the party entered an electoral alliance with Meimad and Gesher called One Israel. Barak won the Prime Minister election, while One Israel won the Knesset elections, albeit with only 26 seats.
Barak started by forming a 75-member coalition together with Shas, Meretz, Yisrael BaAliyah, the National Religious Party and United Torah Judaism. The coalition with religious parties (NRP, Shas and UTJ) caused tensions with the secularist Meretz, who quit the coalition after a disagreement with Shas over the authority of the Deputy Education Minister. The rest of the parties left before the Camp David 2000 summit. Following the October 2000 riots and the violence of the al-Aqsa Intifada, Barak resigned from office. He then lost a special election for Prime Minister to Likud's Ariel Sharon. However, Labor remained in Sharon's coalition as he formed a national unity government with Likud, Labor, Shas, Yisrael BaAliyah, and United Torah Judaism, and were given two of the most important cabinet portfolios; Peres was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs and Benjanin Ben-Eliezer was made Defense Minister. Labor supported Operation Defensive Shield, which was conducted in April 2002 against Palestinian terrorists in the West Bank. After harsh criticism that Peres and Ben-Elizer were "puppets" of Sharon and not promoting the peace process, Labor quit the government in 2003.
Prior to the 2003 elections, Amram Mitzna won the party primaries, and led the party into the election with a platform that included unilateral withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. The party was routed in the elections, winning only 19 seats (its lowest ever), whilst Sharon's Likud won 38 (40 after Yisrael BaAliyah merged into the party). Subsequently, due to internal opposition, Mitzna resigned from the party leadership, and soon thereafter was replaced by Shimon Peres. Despite being omitted from the original right-wing coalition, Sharon invited Labor into the coalition to shore up support for the disengagement plan (effectively Mitzna's policy which he had earlier lambasted) after the National Union and the National Religious Party had left the government.
On November 8, 2005, Shimon Peres was replaced as the leader of the Labor party by the election of left-wing Histadrut union leader Amir Peretz in an internal Labor party ballot. Peretz stated his intention to reassert Labor's traditional socialist policies and took Labor party out of the government, prompting Sharon to resign and call for new elections in March 2006.
In the elections in March 2006 the party placed second with 19 seats, a loss of 3 from the previous elections.
After the March 2006 election, Labor joined Ehud Olmert's coalition government as the junior partner with Kadima. Labor was awarded a number of ministries including the defense ministry, which went to Labor leader Amir Peretz. The IDF performed poorly in the Second Lebanon War with Hezbollah in June-July 2006. Both Olmert and Peretz suffered the blame for this performance.
On May 28, 2007, Labor members went to the polls in party primaries. Amir Peretz finished third in the primaries, trailing both former Prime Minister Ehud Barak and political newcomer Ami Ayalon—the former head of Shin Bet, Israel's primary intelligence agency. Neither Ayalon nor Barak achieved the 40 percent necessary for an outright victory, so a second round of voting took place on June 12, 2007. Both Barak and Ayalon stated that they would withdraw from Ehud Olmert's coalition unless the Prime Minister resigns. On the night of June 12, 2007, Ehud Barak won back the leadership of the party.
Mapai evolved from the socialist Poale Zion movement and adhered to the Socialist Zionist ideology promulgated by Nahum Syrkin and Ber Borochov. During Ben-Gurion's leadership (1930s-1950s) Mapai focused mainly on the Zionist agenda, since it was the most urgent issue then – establishing a national homeland for Jews.
After the founding of the State of Israel, Mapai engaged in nation building – the establishment of the Israel Defense Forces (while dismantling every other armed group), the establishment of many settlements, the settling of more than 1,000,000 Jewish immigrants, and the desire to unite all the inhabitants of Israel under a new Zionist Jewish Israeli culture (an ideology known as the "Melting pot" כור היתוך).
Labor in the past was even more hawkish on security and defense issues than it is today. During its years in office, Israel has fought the 1956 Sinai War, the 1967 Six Day War, and the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
In recent years (up until 2005), the ILP became a centrist party. It was no longer considered socialist or social democratic (though it retained membership in the Socialist International) but had a centrist platform, similar to the "third-way" of the British Labour Party under prime minister Tony Blair. Economic policies in Israel being seldom hotly debated even within the major parties, actual policies depended much more on initiative by the civil service than on political ideologies. Therefore, Labor's terms in office during this period did not differ significantly in terms of economic policy from those of its rival.
In 2003, the ILP experienced a small split when former members Yossi Beilin and Yael Dayan joined Meretz-Yachad to form a new left-wing party.
In November 2005, Amir Peretz, leader of the social democratic One Nation which had merged into the ILP, was elected chairman of the party, defeating Shimon Peres. Under Peretz, and especially in the 2006 electoral campaign, the party took a significant ideological turn, putting social and economic issues on top of its agenda, and advocating a moderate social democratic approach (including increases in minimum wage and social security payments), in sharp contrast to the neo-liberal policies led by former Finance Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
↑ BBC, Israel party votes to oust leader. Retrieved December 17, 2008.
Agres, Elijahu. 1969. Golda Meir: Portrait of a Prime Minister. New York: Sabra Books. ISBN 087631020X.
Benedikt, Linda. Yitzhak Rabin: The Battle for Peace. London: Haus Pub, 2006. ISBN 190495006X.
Knesset Website. Israel Labor Party. Retrieved December 17, 2008.
History of "Israeli Labor Party"
This page was last modified on 9 March 2018, at 18:09.


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Миха́йло Ма́ркович Мацьо́ха — заслужений працівник фізичної культури і спорту України, заслужений тренер СРСР, заслужений тренер України, почесний громадянин Хмельницького.

Життєпис
Народився в селі Терешівці Хмельницького району. Від 1971 року працює у Хмельницькій ДЮСШ № 2 «Авангард».

1977 року закінчив Київський інститут фізичної культури та спорту.

Тренер-викладач з важкої атлетики вищої кваліфікаційної категорії, голова федерації важкої атлетики Хмельницької області.

Протягом 1988—1999 років та з 2009-го виконує обов'язки старшого тренера національної збірної команди України з важкої атлетики. Від березня 2015-го — головний тренер національної збірної з важкої атлетики.

Серед вихованців — чемпіон Олімпійських ігор 1996 року Денис Готфрід, Тимур Таймазов, Олексій Торохтій.

Від 2008 року є головним тренером з важкої атлетики спортивного клубу «Епіцентр», у якому готувалися такі спортсмени, як Артем Іванов, Ігор Шимечко, Юрій Чикида.

Джерела
 Мацьоха Михайло Маркович
 Головним тренером чоловічої збірної України з важкої атлетики затверджений Михайло Мацьоха

Уродженці Хмельницького району
Почесні громадяни Хмельницького
Українські тренери з важкої атлетики

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Instafame and social relationships
Posted on February 28, 2014 by Clara Bendayan
By CLARA BENDAYAN
"Wait, wait, wait! Let me take a picture of the sushi before you eat it. My followers are going to love how artsy it looks."
Sounds familiar, right? Welcome to the age of Microfame and Instafame.
Not sure what that is? It's simple, really. Social media and internet fame is sweeping the world.
With the influx of social media applications at our fingertips, regular people are becoming overnight celebrities by simply uploading five-second videos to Vine containing their daily shenanigans.
Being a celebrity used to involve the overwhelming process of going through auditions, facing rejection, living on low salary jobs just to pay the rent while you struck gold in Hollywood. Now, however, television and movies aren't the only platforms that exist, and becoming famous isn't as difficult as it used to be at least when it comes to social media notoriety.
With this platform, it's easier to form some sort of connection with social media celebrities as opposed to famous Hollywood actors who rarely are able to reply back. Applications such as Vine, Instagram and Kik give users the option to answer their fans on a personal level.
"It's a new kind of celebrity landscape because they can also reply back to you and it creates a more intimate connection," said Jo Piazza, executive news director of In Touch and Life & Style magazines.
A documentary titled "Instafame" is going around Vimeo and it follows the life of Shawn Megira, a 15-year-old from Long Island, N.Y., who has more than 81,000 followers on Instagram.
His mom explains that she's seen masses of fangirls crowd around him whenever they go out in public, only because they recognize him from his Instagram pictures.
I've seen countless Facebook friends post pictures with Instagram or Vine celebrities as well, and it begs the question of how social media fame affects teens and how it will affect them in the long run.
"It's a very strong high. They're getting a lot of attention but it's not fulfilling what they deeply need and want in terms of this kind of human connection," said Niobe Way, professor of psychology at New York University.
This social media is also creating a sense of validation for many people. Receiving 100 likes on an Instagram picture makes people feel good about themselves and gives them self worth. They feel validated by a group of peers or fans.
Another possible issue is that people seem to be living in the social media moment instead of basking in real life events. We all have at least one friend who cannot go a day without Instagramming a picture of their breakfast. Or another the friend that stops their car on the side of the road (or even worse, snaps a picture while driving) to take a picture of the sunset because they know that when they add a filter, their friends and followers are going to love it.
Is social media negatively affecting the way humans interact with each other? Are we wasting precious moments with loved ones while we snap the artsiest pictures for our followers? Is microfame the new sensation or is it just a dwindling fad?
Time will tell for the latter, as this topic is fairly new and the effects cannot yet be measured. In terms of the former, many people would argue that while social media bridges the gaps between people in different countries and facilitates communication, it is also playing a big role in making people antisocial.
This entry was posted in Clara Bendayan and tagged Celebrities, Social media by Clara Bendayan. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
carbon organizers
Larger Hammer
Listel (Principalities) was always a marginal world. An atmosphere too thick, clouds too hazy with hydrocarbons and too prevalent, an ecology containing some worrying chaotic irregularities, and the whole, moreover, orbiting a primary which – while not technically qualifying as a flare star – nonetheless possessed a rough and turbulent cycle that flayed the upper atmospheres of its planets with wave after wave of energetic particles.
So it did not come as a complete surprise to the local branch of the Office of the Atmohydrosphere when an inconveniently timed flare, at the peak of the cycle, coincided with a downturn in the tropical ocean ecology and thickening upper-atmospheric haze to nudge the planet's course away from its current metastability.
It came as a slight surprise that the temperature spike was as large as it turned out to be, and as rapid in its ascent.
That it should reach the point at which destabilization of the clathrates layering Listel's polar seabeds was threatened, raising the spectre of a further trillion tons of methane – in the best case – being abruptly belched into the planetary atmosphere no longer qualified as a surprise, and was notably described by the then Principal Administrator of the Office, Ialla Jessaris-ith-Janaris, as "something of an inconvenience".
The solution they chose was unique.
Ordinarily, minor atmospheric imbalances are dealt with using the normal, subtle ecopoetic techniques: ocean seeding, release of tailored microbiota into the upper airs, albedo adjustment, importation of suitable plants, and so forth. But with the threat of the clathrate release hanging over their world, Principal Administrator Jessaris concluded that a larger and faster correction was needed than would be available through such techniques.
If you drive out into the Serantor Desert, you can see the Listel Carbon Depository for yourself. Make sure you choose a day on which they're not operating, because of the cyclonic storm the plant generates, and when you pass the signs warning you to put on sunglasses, they are not joking, it is that bright, and yes, you really can see it from that far back.
That's because the solution she came up with was the simplest, most brute-force solution imaginable: carbon-organizers, built to feed on atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane. The storms are caused by the venturi that sucks in inconceivable volumes of the upper atmosphere, feeds it through the organizer beds, and blows it out again at ground level – while spitting out flitter-sized diamond bricks as a by-product.
And those bricks are responsible for the brightness, because they pile them up into pyramids for storage – eight, huge, mile-high pyramids of shining diamond, and they're working on a ninth. So far, they're keeping ahead of the gas releases. It's a magnificent sight.
It would be one of the wonders of the Worlds if they weren't so damn embarrassed about it.
– Octavia Dalastel, "Around the Fringe in 48 Bottles"
Posted in Fic-a-Day
Tagged carbon organizers, clathrates, climate change, ecopoesis, fic-a-day, Listel (Principalities), Office of the Atmohydrosphere, writing
A Diamond Is… Really A Very Simple Molecular Structure
"The models you can see in this room," said the guide, "represent some of the first models of carbon organizer. Carbon organizers were the earliest and simplest form of dry nanotechnology, capable of building simple molecular structures from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. While this may seem trivial, they formed the basis of the synthetic oil manufacturing industry that we'll talk about later in our tour, and, of course, were responsible for the Diamond Crash."
"Here, for scale," he continued, crossing to one particular stand, "you can see the largest gem-quality diamond ever found in nature; the Heart of the Moon, which in its rough state weighed in at just under nineteen ounces. In its cut state, as you see here, it still weighs twelve ounces, and in the pre-Crash days, was valued at over 124 million esteyn. After the Diamond Crash, House Selequelios donated it to one of the Museum's predecessors."
"And now, gentlesophs, if you'd care to turn around…"
The curtain slid back. Light blazed from the sixty-foot obelisk, and the tour group gasped as one.
"This is our very own Monument to the Crash, or looked at another way, to the start of the Prosperity. What you are looking at is a single internally perfect diamond crystal, weighing a little over 5,800,000 pounds. It is, a few cases of diamond plating on structures aside, the single largest pure diamond crystal ever grown, a record that is unlikely to be broken, since few of its industrial and commercial – mostly low-end ornamentation – applications call for crystals quite this large, and since pure diamond is both brittle and quite flammable, its potential structural niches are for the most part filled by various adamant-type diamondoids, sapphireglass, and more advanced nanocomposites."
"Of course, it's rather less valuable than the Heart of the Moon was pre-crash; the value of raw diamond on today's market is a little under one taltis per pound, which makes the whole Monument worth approximately 45,000 esteyn in total."
"If you'll follow me into the next room, you can see a carbon organizer in action, a simple model that extrudes bar diamond from ambient atmospheric gases. This particular model is still on the market, because while there's little demand for the product per se, many worlds find it useful on a larger scale for pulling excess carbon out of their atmospheres in an easy-to-store and readily releasable – by simple incineration – form."
"We slice up the bars into half-foot sections for souvenirs, which you'll see on the table to your left. Please, help yourself to one, or two, or as many as you like to take home. No charge." He coughed. "Although I should perhaps mention that most jewelers, even the ones who don't insist on an authenticated provenance, will check to ensure that there are at least some natural-looking flaws in the stones they buy, these days."
Tagged carbon organizers, diamonds, nanofacturing, nanotechnology
Things to See, Places to Go (2) 7 years ago
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Trope-a-Day: One-Hit Kill 8 years ago
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Random One-Liner 8 years ago


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Timo Boll (ur. 8 marca 1981 w Erbach) – niemiecki tenisista stołowy, czterokrotny medalista igrzysk olimpijskich, medalista mistrzostw świata, dwudziestokrotny mistrz Europy. Zawodnik Borussii Düsseldorf.

Życiorys
Grę w tenisa stołowego zaczął trenować w wieku 4 lat. Jego pierwszym klubem było TSV Höchst, gdzie występował w latach 1986–1994. W sezonie 1994/1995 był zawodnikiem FTG Frankfurt, a następnie w latach 1997–2007 reprezentował barwy TTV Gönnern. W latach 1995–1998 zdobył dziewięć złotych i trzy srebrne medale mistrzostw Europy juniorów. Pierwszy medal na międzynarodowych zawodach zdobył w 2000. Był to srebrny medal Mistrzostw Europy w turnieju drużyn narodowych, który uzyskał jako członek reprezentacji Niemiec. W 2007 roku został zawodnikiem Borussii Düsseldorf.

Sukcesy
Na podstawie.

Igrzyska olimpijskie
 2016 – brązowy medal (drużynowo)
 2012 – brązowy medal (drużynowo)
 2008 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)

Mistrzostwa świata
 2018 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2014 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2012 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2011 – brązowy medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2010 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2006 – brązowy medal (drużynowo)
 2005 – srebrny medal (gra podwójna)
 2004 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)

Mistrzostwa Europy
 2020 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2019 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2018 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2017 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2016 – brązowy medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2014 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2012 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2011 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2011 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2010 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2010 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2010 – złoty medal (gra podwójna)
 2009 – brązowy medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2009 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2009 – złoty medal (gra podwójna)
 2008 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2008 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2008 – złoty medal (gra podwójna)
 2007 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2007 – złoty medal (drużynowo)
 2007 – złoty medal (gra podwójna)
 2005 – brązowy medal (gra podwójna)
 2003 – brązowy medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2002 – złoty medal (gra pojedyncza)
 2002 – złoty medal (gra podwójna)
 2002 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)
 2000 – srebrny medal (drużynowo)

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne
 Profil na tischtennis-infos.de

Niemieccy tenisiści stołowi
Niemieccy medaliści olimpijscy
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2008
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2012
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2016
Medaliści Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2020
Urodzeni w 1981


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"I came, I saw, I conquered"
Julius Caesar uttered these famous words during a lifetime of winning wars and creating a legacy that would never be forgotten. Ancient Rome was full of people with ambition who believed in honouring the gods, and that can be seen in the foundations of the Eternal City. The Ancient Romans built monuments to their own pride that have lasted through to the modern era. Whether they were worshipping Jupiter, King of the Gods, or praying for guidance from Mars, God of War, the Romans took their religion seriously.
It's a comforting idea to believe in something greater than ourselves, and learning about the rich history behind religion can provide students with a better understanding of the beliefs and values we hold today.
What is on offer on a school trip to Rome?
No classroom can compare to seeing the grandeur of St Peter's Basilica or wandering around the Colosseum where gladiators battled to prove themselves as warriors. On a school trip to Rome your students can see all of that and more. They'll be able to learn about how the Empire was formed, the customs of Ancient Rome and how Christianity became the dominant faith.
The Eternal City was built on religion, from the Ancient Romans who secured their legacy, to the majestic churches dedicated to Christianity. Such wonders include the Palatine Hill that formed the birth of the Empire and the Sistine Chapel that's famous for Michelangelo's frescoes. Students will be exposed to beautiful architecture and come away with an appreciation for the hard work that went into building the sites.
Roam around Rome
To help your students prepare for a religious studies or classics trip to Rome, we're taking you on a tour of the city's fascinating religious sites. Let history be your guide as you're transported through a wonderful era.
Learn more about school trips to Rome
If you're looking to plan a religious studies or classics school trip to Rome, get in touch with one of our specialist team members who can create a tailor-made school tour for your students.