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Rep. Lou Barletta (R-PA) News Release
Congressional Documents & Publications
WASHINGTON - Today, Congressman Lou Barletta (PA-11), Chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure's Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, and former Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Administrator R. David Paulison called on Congress to pass the Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA) in the following Op-Ed.
DRRA is included as part of H.R. 302. You can find additional information about DRRA and H.R. 302 here https://transportation.house.gov/components/redirect/r.aspx?ID=476429-71712453.
As millions recover from Florence, Congress has a chance to enact disaster reform
By Rep. Lou Barletta (R-Pa.) and R. David Paulison
Last fall, the United States was devastated by an unprecedented string of natural disasters: hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria. These storms now account for three of our country's five most expensive hurricanes on record, causing a combined $265 billion in damages. Even worse, the storms tragically took the lives of countless Americans.
With painful memories of these disasters still fresh, the Atlantic hurricane season is once again at its peak in 2018. Hurricane Florence made landfall in the Mid-Atlantic as a record-breaking storm, causing destruction like we have never seen in the region. While the communities affected by Florence will undoubtedly demonstrate American resolve and bounce back, they are serving as unfortunate reminders of the need to overhaul and improve our nation's disaster readiness. As we help those impacted by Florence continue to recover, it is more important than ever that we work to ensure that they are fully prepared for when the next disaster strikes.
Over the course of our careers in and around emergency management, we have seen the direct impact pre-disaster mitigation can have on protecting local infrastructure, preserving property, and saving lives. Whether dealing with the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew in 1992, Katrina in 2005, or the increasingly costly storms from more recent years, the primary lesson from these events is that there is no substitute for pre-disaster mitigation and resilient infrastructure. It could not be clearer: America needs a better system that saves lives and taxpayer dollars by building smarter and stronger before disaster strikes
These life-saving efforts can also provide massive savings to taxpayers. Expert research has consistently supported this assertion, with one recent study finding that every $1 invested up front in mitigation efforts can save as much as $8 on future costs. With the cost of these storms in the hundreds of billions, the savings pre-disaster mitigation can provide are invaluable
But despite the devastation caused by previous storms and the ongoing havoc of Florence, the United States continues to drag its feet when it comes to disaster preparedness. Many states still do not incentivize the use of certain safety standards, and the federal government wastes billions on reactive post-disaster spending instead of focusing on proactive investment in disaster preparedness.
Fortunately, there is already a solution on the table that would provide both much-needed relief for Americans and an investment in a stronger future. The Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 (DRRA), which has passed the House twice and is currently under consideration in the Senate, would go a long way toward accomplishing the goals of investing in pre-disaster mitigation and creating a more resilient America.
Importantly, this bill would increase the amount of money available for pre-disaster mitigation following major disasters. By arming communities with the necessary resources to strengthen their infrastructure against hurricanes and other disasters, those affected across the country will be better equipped for the next inevitable disaster. With the DRRA, Congress has an opportunity to enact real disaster reform.
Encouragingly, there have been recent signs that our national approach to disaster response, recovery, and mitigation is trending in the right direction. Earlier this year, the House of Representatives included a cost share incentive provision designed to greatly enhance state resiliency in the Bipartisan Budget Reform Act that was signed into law by President Trump. FEMA, in addition to its extraordinary work done regularly in responding to disasters, is taking steps to ensure that this law is implemented effectively and efficiently. The Trump administration has provided strength in its response to those suffering from recent disasters, with Vice President Pence telling a community wracked by Hurricane Harvey that they would work to "[rebuild] all of Texas bigger and better than ever before." However, these actions are only the beginning of the required wholesale shift in our national disaster framework. It is up to Congress to continue this momentum and enact meaningful reforms that will save lives, property and taxpayer dollars.
Including the record-breaking 2017 season, disaster spending continues to be an ever-expanding cost category for the United States. With another tumultuous hurricane season underway, it is time for lawmakers to act. Safer, stronger communities mean a safer, stronger country. If members of Congress are serious about serving their constituents, then senators must finish the important work the House started and pass the Disaster Recovery Reform Act now
Since 2013, Barletta has served as chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee's subcommittee overseeing the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), examining ways to better prepare for disasters and working to develop a new federal and state partnership to limit the cost of their devastation. R. David Paulison was the FEMA administrator from 2005 to 2009. He is a senior advisor to the BuildStrong Coalition and served as the Miami-Dade County Fire Chief during Hurricane Andrew.
Read this original document at: https://barletta.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/barletta-and-former-fema-administrator-paulison-call-on-congress-to-pass
Sen. Kennedy (R-La.) to Congress: Stop Playing Games With National Flood Insurance Program
"Our office stands ready to assist any and every person in Lee County in any way possible."


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Present: MARSHALL, C.J., IRELAND, SPINA, COWIN, & SOSMAN, JJ. Carlo A. Obligato,Committee for Public Counsel Services, for the defendant. Loretta M. Lillios, Assistant District Attorney, for the Commonwealth.
The defendant, Noeun Sok, was convicted of murder in the first degree on the theory of extreme atrocity or cruelty. On appeal he asserts error in (1) the denial of his motion for a required finding of not guilty as to murder by extreme atrocity or cruelty; (2) various evidentiary rulings; (3) the instructions that permitted the jury to consider the murder weapon as evidence of both malice and extreme atrocity or cruelty; and (4) the absence of an instruction permitting the jury to consider evidence that mitigated against a verdict of extreme atrocity or cruelty or that instructed them to determine that the absence of factors listed in Commonwealth v. Cunneen, 389 Mass. 216, 449 N.E.2d 658 (1983) (Cunneen factors), could weigh against such a verdict; and (5) a conflict between the instruction that informed the jury that they shall determine the degree of murder, and the instruction that directed the jury to return a verdict of the highest degree of guilt that the Commonwealth had proved beyond a reasonable doubt. The defendant also asks us to exercise our power under G.L. c. 278, § 33E, and reduce the conviction to voluntary manslaughter. We affirm, and decline to reduce the conviction or order a new trial.
The jury could have found the following facts. At approximately 3 p.m. on January 12, 1999, the defendant and a friend, Noeun Phan, both fifteen years old, were walking on Central Street in Lowell, to mail a letter. They were members of the Union Boys Crew (UBC), a local gang.
At the same time and place, but walking toward them from the opposite direction were four older teens, Keoudone Onexaivieng (victim), Shane Downs, German Acevedo, and Edwin Rosa. They were going to Acevedo's house to play video games. The victim and Downs were members of the Tiny Rascal Gang (TRG), a rival to the UBC. Acevedo and Rosa were affiliated with the Platoons, a gang aligned with the TRG.
As the groups neared, the defendant and Phan gave the victim "a real dirty look." Phan bumped into Acevedo, who responded with a push.1 The victim bent down as if to pick up something that the defendant believed was a rock that the victim was going to throw at him and Phan. The defendant drew a Samurai sword from a sheath hidden under his coat. The sword was approximately thirty inches long, of which the blade was approximately fifteen inches. The victim and his three friends fled. There was no evidence that they had any weapons.
When emergency personnel arrived, the victim was lying in a large pool of blood, bleeding profusely, conscious, and moaning from excruciating pain. He was disoriented and combative toward the emergency medical technicians who were attending to him. He was taken to the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in Worcester where he underwent surgery and received seven and one-half liters of blood, more than 150 per cent of the volume of his own blood. Five hours later he died.
2. Motion for a Required Finding of Not Guilty.
The defendant argues that his motion for a required finding of not guilty as to murder by extreme atrocity or cruelty should have been allowed because death was inflicted by only a single blow that did not surpass the cruelty inherent in any killing. See Commonwealth v. Eisen, 358 Mass. 740, 746, 267 N.E.2d 229 (1971).
"We have delineated a number of factors which a jury can consider in deciding whether a murder was committed with extreme atrocity or cruelty. These include indifference to or taking pleasure in the victim's suffering, consciousness and degree of suffering of the victim, extent of physical injuries, number of blows, manner and force with which delivered, instrument employed, and disproportion between the means needed to cause death and those employed." Commonwealth v. Cunneen, supra at 227, 449 N.E.2d 658. A conviction under this theory of murder may be supported by a showing of any one or more of the Cunneen factors. See Commonwealth v. Patterson, 432 Mass. 767, 773, 739 N.E.2d 682 (2000). Here, there was evidence of several Cunneen factors to support a finding of extreme atrocity or cruelty under the standard set forth in Commonwealth v. Latimore, 378 Mass. 671, 677, 393 N.E.2d 370 (1979), to be applied when deciding a motion for a required finding of not guilty.
The defendant chased the victim a considerable distance with his sword, yelling at him during the pursuit; he continued the chase even after stabbing the victim, and jumped up and down in celebration, indifferent to the victim's suffering. The victim, still conscious for some considerable period of time, experienced severe pain from his extensive internal injuries. The medical examiner testified that the sword was thrust into the victim's lower back with "significant force in a sustained upward direction into the body," causing extensive internal injuries and nearly impaling him. See Commonwealth v. Glass, 401 Mass. 799, 803, 519 N.E.2d 1311 (1988) (jury could convict on extreme atrocity or cruelty based on single five-inch deep stab wound where defendant turned knife in victim's body to maximize injury). The sword, capable of impaling someone, had a handle long enough to wield with two hands for maximum thrust. The fact that death was inflicted by a single blow did not preclude a finding of extreme atrocity or cruelty. See id. The motion for a required finding of not guilty was correctly denied.
(a) Evidence of intent to kill. The judge admitted, as evidence of the defendant's intent to kill, a book cover found inside the defendant's school locker two days after the stabbing. The book cover had graffiti on it stating, "Present Union Boys Crew Roach Killer." The term "roach," as explained by the Commonwealth's gang expert, was a term of disrespect used by members of the UBC toward members of the TRG. The defendant timely objected, and now argues that the evidence was not probative of a specific intent to kill the victim, but rather was a general statement of animosity toward a group of people, and as such constituted inadmissible character evidence, namely, that the defendant was a killer and that he had a general disposition to kill, citing Commonwealth v. Trapp, 396 Mass. 202, 206, 485 N.E.2d 162 (1985), S.C., 423 Mass. 356, 668 N.E.2d 327, cert. denied, 519 U.S. 1045, 117 S.Ct. 618, 136 L.Ed.2d 542 (1996). We disagree.
The book cover was admissible to show the defendant's inchoate intent to kill a member of the TRG, of which the victim was a member, when the opportunity arose. The defendant gave a statement to the police in which he admitted that he knew that the victim was a member of the TRG. Where evidence of "the defendant's gang membership was essential to understanding the motivation behind the crime[ ]," the judge acted within his discretion to admit the book cover. See Commonwealth v. Maldonado, 429 Mass. 502, 504, 709 N.E.2d 809 (1999). The evidence explained why the defendant would carry a sword under his coat, and the defendant's taunts as he chased the victim. See Commonwealth v. Rivera, 424 Mass. 266, 267, 675 N.E.2d 791 (1997), cert. denied, 525 U.S. 934, 119 S.Ct. 346, 142 L.Ed.2d 285 (1998); Commonwealth v. Perez, 47 Mass.App.Ct. 605, 608, 715 N.E.2d 76 (1999).
The judge mitigated any potential for unfair prejudice by following procedures we approved in Commonwealth v. Maldonado, supra at 505-507 & n. 1, 709 N.E.2d 809. During jury selection the judge questioned prospective jurors about their ability to consider anticipated evidence about gangs solely on the question of motive or intent and not consider it as evidence of bad character or propensity to commit crimes. He satisfied himself that jurors who remained available for service could be impartial in the face of such evidence and follow his limiting instructions. The judge gave forceful limiting instructions as the gang evidence was admitted, and again in his final charge. Evidence about gangs permeated the trial, with the victim, the victim's companions, the defendant and Phan all affiliated with rival gangs. The evidence of the book cover depicting that rivalry in lethal terms was not especially prejudicial. We note that the jury acquitted the defendant of murder in the first degree under the theory of deliberate premeditation, an indication that they remained dispassionate about the evidence and were able to follow the judge's instructions.
There is no merit to the defendant's claim that, absent a showing that the book cover had been created temporally proximate to the stabbing, it should not have been admitted as probative of his state of mind on January 12, 1999. The book cover was found in the defendant's school locker on January 14, 1999, a school that he had been attending regularly. The book cover also had the defendant's moniker, "DK," on it. Regardless of when it was created, because the defendant held the book cover in his hands several times each week, the judge could reasonably conclude that the purpose of its graffiti was constantly to remind the defendant of a matter of importance to him, and therefore probative of his state of mind on January 12, 1999.
(b) Exclusion of evidence of violence by TRG and the victim. The defendant argues that, where the theory of defense was that the killing occurred in the heat of passion following a confrontation between the two groups, the judge's ruling that precluded him from cross-examining Commonwealth witnesses about the victim and TRG's history of violence as they affected his state of mind violated his rights to reasonable cross-examination, to present a defense, and to a fair trial.
We have said that, in cases of self-defense, evidence of a victim's violent character may be admissible if the defendant shows that he knew of that violent nature before the incident. See Commonwealth v. Edmonds, 365 Mass. 496, 502, 313 N.E.2d 429 (1974). We have also said that, in cases of self-defense, a defendant "may introduce evidence of recent, specific instances of the victim's violent conduct, known to the defendant at the time of the homicide." Commonwealth v. Fontes, 396 Mass. 733, 735, 488 N.E.2d 760 (1986). The judge's rulings about which the defendant complains were consistent with those cases. Assuming, without deciding, that the same principles would apply to this case, in which there was a claim of heat of passion, there was no error.
The defendant was able to present his defense through evidence that had been properly admitted. Statements of the defendant concerning TRG violence known to him were admitted in evidence. The defendant had told the police that the "TRG ․ keep messing with me and my friends all of the time and they have threatened to kill us. On top of that, the TRG ․ just killed a kid a few weeks ago ․ and I wanted to protect me and my friends." There was also evidence that the victim had threatened Phan by letting it be known that he had "a bullet with [Phan's] name on it." The defendant failed to offer any evidence that he knew about any other incidents of TRG violence or violence by the victim before January 12, 1999, about which he proposed to cross-examine witnesses. Without evidence of the defendant's prior knowledge, the evidence sought had no relevance to any issue in the case.
(c) Exclusion of evidence that Commonwealth witnesses carried weapons in the past. During cross-examination of Downs the judge properly excluded questions as to whether any of the four had carried weapons before January 12, 1999. There had been no showing that the defendant knew that they had carried weapons in the past. See Commonwealth v. Edmonds, supra. The judge did not foreclose all inquiry. He held the defendant to proper foundational requirements that the defendant did not satisfy, and without which the evidence in question had no relevance.
(d) Denial of cross-examination of Commonwealth witnesses as to current gang membership. The defendant contends that the judge erred by totally foreclosing his attempt to cross-examine Downs, Acevedo, and Rosa concerning their current gang membership in order to show their bias. See Commonwealth v. Henson, 394 Mass. 584, 586, 476 N.E.2d 947 (1985).
With respect to Downs,2 the judge asked counsel how current gang membership could be used to impeach the witness. Counsel responded that it could be used as a "[p]rior inconsistent statement" and to show his "predilection for violence and that he has an assault record." Counsel did not offer bias as a basis for cross-examination of Downs. Having been asked to state his reasons for cross-examining Downs on the question of his current gang membership, the defendant may not raise for the first time on appeal an argument not presented to the trial judge.3 See Mass. R.Crim. P. 22, 378 Mass. 892 (1979). We review to determine if any error created a substantial likelihood of a miscarriage of justice. Commonwealth v. Lyons, 426 Mass. 466, 473 n. 12, 688 N.E.2d 1350 (1998).
The defendant argues that the witnesses may have been inclined to protect themselves and their gang allies, and that Downs may have had special reason to curry favor with the Commonwealth in the event of a probation revocation proceeding based on current gang involvement. See Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308, 94 S.Ct. 1105, 39 L.Ed.2d 347 (1974). We agree.
A criminal defendant has the constitutional right to cross-examine a prosecution witness to show bias. See Commonwealth v. Tam Bui, 419 Mass. 392, 400, 645 N.E.2d 689, cert. denied, 516 U.S. 861, 116 S.Ct. 170, 133 L.Ed.2d 111 (1995). "If, on the facts, there is a possibility of bias, even a remote one, the judge has no discretion to bar all inquiry into the subject." Id. Because the witnesses' gang involvement could have motivated them to testify against the defendant, and because Downs may have felt a need to assist the prosecution should he ever face a probation revocation proceeding, it was error to foreclose all inquiry of current gang involvement.
However, there was considerable evidence impeaching the three witnesses, including demonstration of their bias. Defense counsel impeached Downs and Rosa with their prior adjudications of delinquency. See G.L. c. 119, § 60. Counsel cross-examined Downs as to pending charges, and was able to explore any motive Downs may have had to cooperate with the prosecution on that basis. See Commonwealth v. Connor, 392 Mass. 838, 841, 467 N.E.2d 1340 (1984). Counsel also questioned Downs regarding his probation violation and its potential for creating bias. See Commonwealth v. Roberts, 423 Mass. 17, 20-21, 666 N.E.2d 475 (1996).
The jury in fact heard evidence of the witnesses' current gang memberships. The Commonwealth's gang expert testified that "Shane Downs is a member of the [TRG]"; that "Acevedo․ He's Platoon"; and that Rosa, "He's in line more with Platoon․" Moreover, when Downs invoked the privilege against self-incrimination in front of the jury without any follow-up curative instruction from the judge, his testimony was tantamount to an admission that he was still a gang member. Bias based on affiliation with a rival gang was unambiguously demonstrated without further questioning of the gang witnesses on their current gang affiliation.
The judge's ruling did not interfere with the theory of defense, which was that mitigating circumstances were present that would render the killing voluntary manslaughter, and not murder. There was ample evidence of the animosity between the TRG and the UBC, as well as evidence of specific acts of violence by the TRG and of what the TRG was capable of doing, evidence that the defendant relied on for the claim that he acted in the heat of passion.
Finally, the critical evidence surrounding the chase and the killing came from witnesses other than Downs, Acevedo, and Rosa. The defendant admitted that he chased and stabbed the victim; the medical examiner testified concerning the nature of the wound; two disinterested persons testified about the chase and the defendant's cries; and the Commonwealth's gang expert testified about the gang backdrop and the significance of the book cover. The judge's ruling did not create a substantial likelihood of a miscarriage of justice.
4. Instruction on Extreme Atrocity or Cruelty.
(a) The sword as evidence of malice and extreme atrocity or cruelty. The defendant had requested that the judge not instruct that malice may be inferred from the use of a dangerous weapon because it would "usurp [ ] the jury's function [to] determine whether or not that weapon, the way it was used, constituted extreme atrocity or cruelty." The judge announced that he would instruct the jury that malice may be inferred from the use of a dangerous weapon. The issue is thus preserved for appellate review. See Commonwealth v. Biancardi, 421 Mass. 251, 253-254, 656 N.E.2d 1234 (1995).
The defendant argues that the contested instruction did "double duty by '․ subsum[ing]' the one Cunneen factor on which the jury most likely relied to reach [their] verdict, namely, the weapon or instrument used" into a single element with malice, and thus relieved the Commonwealth of its burden to prove two elements. We disagree.
The judge properly instructed on all three prongs of malice as they apply to murder by extreme atrocity or cruelty. See Commonwealth v. Judge, 420 Mass. 433, 442, 650 N.E.2d 1242 (1995). The judge's instructions made clear that the element of malice required proof of the defendant's intent. The instruction that malice may be inferred from the intentional use of a dangerous weapon allowed the jury to consider evidence of the defendant's use of the sword, to the extent that it was "capable of causing serious injury or death," as evidence of his intent.
The instruction that permitted the jury to consider the nature of the weapon used, as applied to the issue of extreme atrocity or cruelty, had nothing to do with intent, but "focuse[d] both on the defendant's actions, in terms of the manner and means of inflicting death, and on the resulting effect on the victim, in terms of the extent of physical injury and the degree of suffering endured." Commonwealth v. Judge, supra, quoting Commonwealth v. Lacy, 371 Mass. 363, 367, 358 N.E.2d 419 (1976). The judge correctly impressed on the jury that "[e]xtreme cruelty means that the defendant caused the person's death by a method that surpassed the cruelty inherent in any taking of human life" (emphasis added). See Commonwealth v. McGarty, 323 Mass. 435, 440, 82 N.E.2d 603 (1948). Unlike the instruction on malice, which focused the jury's attention on the defendant's intent, manifested by the use of a weapon capable of causing serious injury or death, the instruction on extreme atrocity or cruelty focused the inquiry on the defendant's actions and the victim's injuries, based on the potential of the sword for causing death beyond ordinary means, namely, by extremely cruel or atrocious means.
The sword may indeed have done "double duty." If so, there would have been nothing improper in the jury's consideration of the sword on two elements of the Commonwealth's case. The two instructions did not compress the two elements of murder in the first degree into one. The instructions required the jury to apply a separate and distinct analysis as to each element. There was no error.
The defendant's argument depends in large part on his claim that " 'the factors underlying [extreme atrocity or cruelty]' are all essentially aggravating factors meant to enhance the penalty." We disagree with this premise. The Cunneen factors are not sentence-enhancing factors. They are " 'evidentiary considerations' that guide a jury in determining [whether an element of the crime has been established, that is] whether a murder was committed with extreme atrocity or cruelty." Commonwealth v. Moses, 436 Mass. 598, 606, 766 N.E.2d 827 (2002).
The judge instructed the jury that the element of murder in the first degree that the Commonwealth had to prove was extreme atrocity or cruelty, which he defined as meaning that "the defendant caused the person's death by a method that surpassed the cruelty inherent in any taking of a human life." He then instructed the jury to consider the Cunneen factors on this issue. His instruction was similar to the one approved in Commonwealth v. Painten, 429 Mass. 536, 547-548 & n. 10, 709 N.E.2d 423 (1999). The focus was on the element of extreme atrocity or cruelty, not the evidentiary factors.
The Cunneen factors did not "push" the verdict, as the defendant contends. They "guide[d]" the jury. Commonwealth v. Moses, supra. The judge did not instruct the jury that, if they find one or more of the Cunneen factors, then they must find the defendant guilty of murder by extreme atrocity or cruelty. He instructed them that they "cannot make a finding of extreme atrocity or cruelty unless it is based on one or more of the [Cunneen ] factors." The instruction was permissive, not directive.
The fact that some of the Cunneen factors may overlap, as the defendant points out, is of no consequence. If the jury find that the murder was committed with extreme atrocity or cruelty, and that finding is supported by evidence of just one of the Cunneen factors, then the verdict is justified.4 See Commonwealth v. Patterson, 432 Mass. 767, 773, 739 N.E.2d 682 (2000).
There is no merit to the defendant's claim that mitigation and extenuating circumstances should be relevant to the issue of extreme atrocity or cruelty. They are not relevant to the issue. To the extent that such concepts were present in the case, they were relevant to the issue of malice, and they were considered by the jury on that issue and the issue of voluntary manslaughter.
The defendant argues that there was a conflict between the instruction, "the degree of murder shall be found by you, the jury," see G.L. c. 265, § 1, and the instruction that, "You have an obligation to return a verdict of the highest degree of murder that the Commonwealth has proven beyond a reasonable doubt." See Commonwealth v. Dickerson, 372 Mass. 783, 797, 364 N.E.2d 1052 (1977). There is no doubt that the Dickerson instruction is correct. The language of G.L. c. 265, § 1, "does not exempt jurors in a trial on an indictment charging murder in the first degree from the basic rules governing the distinctly separate roles of the judge and the jury in all other criminal trials․ It does not give them the right to return a verdict contrary to the facts or the law of the case." Id. at 812, 364 N.E.2d 1052 (Quirico, J., concurring). We have recently rejected as anachronistic and untenable the interpretation of G.L. c. 265, § 1, advanced by the defendant in his appeal, that would vest the jury with the power of nullification. See Commonwealth v. Paulding, 438 Mass. 1, 10, 777 N.E.2d 135 (2002).
Read thusly, there was no conflict between the instructions, as the jury were instructed to find the defendant guilty of the highest degree of murder that they determined had been proved beyond a reasonable doubt, and otherwise to find him not guilty of murder. There was no error.
6. General Laws c. 278, § 33E.
We have reviewed the entire record, the transcript, and the briefs, and conclude that there is no reason to reduce the conviction or order a new trial.
1. The defendant's version had Acevedo initiating the confrontation by punching Phan in the face.
2. When asked about his current gang membership, Downs claimed the privilege against self-incrimination under the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The judge did not make his ruling on this basis.
3. The issue as to Acevedo and Rosa came up generally at a sidebar conference, where the judge said that he would permit inquiry on a proper foundation. The matter did not come up again.
4. The defendant benefited from the judge's failure to instruct the jury that they need not be unanimous about which Cunneen factors provided the basis for the verdict. See Commonwealth v. Hunter, 427 Mass. 651, 657-658, 695 N.E.2d 653 (1998), and cases cited.


We are a couple of water-loving, outdoor West Aussies who love to head out into the bush, explore along the coast and splash into the water to get away from it all.
Our awesome big rig is Alby the 200 series.
We love to camp, windsurf, fish, snorkel, SUP, 4WD, explore, discover and relax.
Our big blue heeler (Australian Cattle Dog aka The Dog) allows us to share his home, camper and outdoor adventures.
So, thanks for dropping by.
Sit back, relax and we hope you enjoy coming along for the ride. Feel free to get in touch if you want more information about any of the locations we have travelled to.
See you on (or off) the road.


As part of my project to explore the railway line west of lake Samsonvale, Harrison and I rode out to the small village of Mount Samson this morning.
There was a small railway station in the town until 1955 which provided transport to the city and allowed local farmers to get their produce to market.
Harrison stands on the ruins of Mt Samson railway station. The railway line would have passed by on the right of the picture.
The railway line passed under Kunde's Road. The cut-away is visible as the line approaches the roadway.
Harrison takes a break on the ride out to Mount Samson.


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CLEVELAND -- Whatever the outcome of the 41st Republican National Convention, some impacts are already certain.
A rebuilt Public Square, high-tech street lighting, more hotels and even smoother streets are some of the showcase results. Also thanks to the convention, the future of wireless Internet has arrived early here.
It's a future that will be defined in megabytes, as in how many million bytes (or bits) of data can be moved per second from your phone to somewhere else. The new standard is 100 megabytes per second, and if you've got the latest phone, downtown CLE now has the digital infrastructure to deliver that kind of speed.
In other words, anybody with a new smartphone (4G capability) can send not only ridiculously old-fashioned emails at lightning speed, but can also stream live videos while simultaneously roaming the Internet.
That's the future, say the major carriers like AT&T, Verizon, Sprint and T-Mobile who have invested heavily in permanent infrastructure upgrades here that they say will handle the needs of the 50,000 people expected in town for the convention. Most of those upgrades are permanent.
AT&T alone spent $325 million in Cleveland between 2013 and 2015 on its wireless and wired networks, said spokeswoman Holly Hollingsworth. The company spent $1.5 billion throughout Ohio during those years.
A lot of that was on capacity upgrades, and included 160 such upgrades in Cleveland in the first five months of this year, said Patrick Zimmerman, AT&T's area vice president for program management, national conventions.
For example, AT&T added 70,000 feet of high-capacity fiber optic cable in a loop under downtown streets, some of it in special new conduit designed to resist the impact of old steam pipes also snaking under streets and sidewalks.
"When compared to copper, fiber delivers greater bandwidth, faster Internet connections at longer distances and enhanced security," said Hollingsworth.
All of the carriers are eager to talk about the new wireless Distributed Antenna System, or DAS, installed in the Quicken Loans Arena, the Huntington Cleveland Convention Center, the Jack Casino and four downtown hotels.
Verizon owns the DAS at the Q, but the other carriers use it under agreements with Verizon, a standard industry arrangement.
"This is a huge benefit to Clevelanders," said Steven Van Dinter, Verizon's public relations manager for the Great Lakes market. "When the pomp and circumstance leaves, that technology sticks around."
"It's top of the line, the latest in 4G technology, which means doubled speeds and doubled capacity," he said.
Most of that technology was in place at the Q when the NBA playoffs began. AT&T said its customers attending game used 211 gigabytes of mobile data -- enough to post 603,000 "selfies" and 120 percent higher than a typical Cavs game.
AT&T also built eight of its own outdoor downtown DAS units to improve street-level coverage.
In addition to the DAS equipment, Verizon also decided that CLE's hosting of the the RNC was a good reason to launch its new "small cell" technology, inconspicuous mini cell towers that cover about 1,000 square feet.
"They are hidden in plain site, placed on light posts, sometimes hidden in buildings. Each is connected by fiber cable to our nearest macro tower, from there to our regional switch, which directs data to wherever" [the customer directed it], he said. "It's all fiber connected."
The small cell technology is an effort to keep up with the prodigious growth in data demands customers are placing on wireless systems, Van Dinter said.
"Our average big event sees data usage double year to year," he said. "It continues to balloon year after year without any end in sight."
This year's political conventions will set a new high water mark for data use, said Ken Sandfeld, president of SOLid Americas, the company that manufacturers some of the hardware used in the new DAS equipment at the Q and other venues.
"Live streaming is like sending photos at the rate of 20 a second," he said. "Four years ago it was tweets. Now you can see 20,000 tweets in a second. Applications (apps) are getting more powerful and users are getting more apps."
The RNC is aware of this digital maelstrom that will occur during the convention.
"Our partners have reached the limits of physics and that is not an overstatement," said David O'Neil, deputy press secretary for the RNC's Committee on Arrangements, which is providing the WiFi service for the convention.
The DAS is a technological effort to stretch those limits of radio frequency physics.
Scott Santi, network vice president for Sprint's central region, noted that Sprint customers had no problems during the NBA playoff games. He predicted convention delegates will have smooth service.
"Things may slow down a bit, but not much," he said. We don't believe customers will even see it. They will be able to pull down and send data."
Sprint has added capacity throughout downtown, he said. "We have 'densified' the area. At the Cavs parade our network held up very well. Our customers were able to send and receive calls."
That was not exactly the case with the other carriers, who said the upgrades now in place were not complete a month ago.
T-Mobile customers also had service capability during that historic parade. T-Mobile upgraded its network in 2015, claiming download speeds increased by 50 percent.
Sprint, T-Mobile and AT&T have moved temporary "Cells on Wheels" or "COWs" into parking lots and streets throughout downtown as an extra layer of backup to handle the rush in calls and data transmission they are expecting. Those COWs will disappear when the convention ends.
One thing is certain about the future, at least for the carriers and DAS equipment makers like SOLid Americas: Demand will grow.
"This is a society of not missing out," said Sandfeld. "Happy people are connected people. And this is a global situation."


text:
DETERMINATION OF MMM STOCK
June 3, 2020 June 4, 2020 Jermiah 0
MINNESOTA-BASED mechanical monster MMMSTOCK:(NYSE: MMM) fair keeps chugging in, conjunction with modern authority within the C-suite and a reiteration of positive, bottom-line monetary news heading into the final half of 2018. The drawback could be decay within the company's stock cost through the primary half of 2018, although showcase watchers see that drop as transitory.
Long-time MMMSTOCK at https://www.webull.com/quote/nyse-mmm ingenious Michael Roman is on board as the unused chief official officer. He clocks in at a time when MMM is taking in record deals and in its second-quarter forecast, with an income update. MMM deals climbed 7.4 percent to $8.39 billion in the current quarter, up from $7.81 billion a year ago. In its quarterly discharge, 3M says the company's revenue numbers have exceeded $8.32 billion from analysts' gauges. The development of natural neighborhood money was also up by 5.6 percent.
This was taken after a deeply negative first-quarter report, where MMMSTOCK recorded a notable decline in net salary and the company's downward viewpoint on the earnings-per-share direction. Still, the omnipresent Scotch tape and Post-It notes of the company, found in retailers around the world, increased its brand esteem to $8.9 billion, agreeing with Interbrand, a global branding consultancy. Will 3 M start to ascend leaderboard Dow? Insiders in the speculation industry think so, but there could be some hiccups along the way.
CLASSIFICATION OF MMM STOCK:
MMMSTOCK a one-year risk index of $209 per share at $202 per share for a deal auditor. The portfolio delivers a traditional 2.6 percent benefit and carries a $123 billion showcase limit. In a push, MMM boosted its profits 50 a long time, giving shareholders an inclusive kick and making a difference that numerous long-term shareholders enter into tycoon status. The current profit is MMMSTOCK comes to an all-time high in January, bringing near $260 per share, but fell back when speculators who saw MMM have a swelled share expense cleared in and sold off, pushing MMM to $240 a share in Walk and $200 by mid-summer.pected to rise to approximately 3 percent in 2020.
MMMSTOCK contains a solid adjustment sheet, operating in five key business sections – mechanical, safety and design, wellness, hardware and vitality, and consumer. "The financial success MMMSTOCK is remarkably stable as seen by net profit and net pay over the past few years," says Stephan Unger, right-hand financial tutor at Holy Person Anselm College in Modern Hampshire. "Resources are growing at a steady moo pace. The company is in a monetarily stable state because losses will almost be retrieved from job exercises from their cash properties." You can also check twtr stock at https://www.webull.com/quote/nyse-twtr.
Posted in Businessstock market
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text:
5 Extra Causes To Be Enthusiastic about Women's Health
According to shut, URGE can also be invested in mobilizing communities, centering the wants and management of younger, queer, trans, Black, Indigenous, and folks of coloration throughout Ohio, educating them how to talk with their elected officials and equipping them with the tools to act just about and in person. Within the face of these challenges, organizations like URGE are persevering with to teach people on healthcare entry and reproductive rights. I hope issues are normal again if. The state ensured that even as it runs afoul of current precedent-under Roe, states might not ban abortion before fetal viability, at about 22 to 24 weeks-this version of the six-week ban survives. They recalled Todd Akin, a former Missouri congressman whose 2012 Senate candidacy was derailed by his assertion that ladies who're victims of what he referred to as "legitimate rape" hardly ever turned pregnant. Asthma could be triggered by substances within the environment known as allergens. Activists around the EU have also known as for loosening restrictions in their countries; in Germany as an example, abortion is permitted up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, but folks looking for the process are required to attend a obligatory counseling session, which is followed by a mandatory three-day waiting interval. Here, nevertheless, there aren't any such officials: The law is enforced by particular person anti-abortion activists.
Our second post defined why abortion providers and reproductive-rights activists cannot carry offensive pre-enforcement actions in federal court against any state official. A federal district decide was poised to carry a listening to last week that might have paved the way for an injunction blocking the regulation. SB8 plaintiffs sue to vindicate a purely public policy goal-enforcing a statutory prohibition on put up-heartbeat abortions-as a substitute for the legislature and govt of their enforcement roles. SB8 plaintiffs have suffered no private injury and obtain no private remedy, beyond the ideological goal of stopping abortions. On Monday afternoon, with the clock ticking, the plaintiffs sought emergency relief from the Supreme Court. These of us who've been contending for years that the Roberts court would never explicitly overturn Roe had been fairly presumably not cynical enough. The vote was 5 to 4, with Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. joining the court's three liberal members in dissent. The Supreme Court's choice. For the doctors and nurses, Tia has constructed out a workflow and clinical determination support app, which Witte likens to a medical model of Asana or G Suite.
10 Things Your Mom Should Have Taught You About Medicine
The Way To Rent A Bacterial Without Spending An Arm And A Leg
To Click on Or Not to Click on: Diabetes And Blogging
Choosing Good Weight Loss


text:
<?php

namespace spec\PhpGuard\Application\Event;

use PhpGuard\Listen\Event\ChangeSetEvent;
use PhpGuard\Application\Spec\ObjectBehavior;

class EvaluateEventSpec extends ObjectBehavior
{
    function let(ChangeSetEvent $event)
    {
        $this->beConstructedWith($event);
    }

    function it_is_initializable()
    {
        $this->shouldHaveType('PhpGuard\Application\Event\EvaluateEvent');
    }

    function its_delegate_changeset_event(ChangeSetEvent $event)
    {
        $this->getChangeset()->shouldReturn($event);

        $event->getEvents()
            ->shouldBeCalled();
        $this->getEvents();

        $event->getFiles()
            ->shouldBeCalled();
        $this->getFiles();

        $event->getListener()
            ->shouldBeCalled();
        $this->getListener();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Bash git-hook runs correctly on linux but fails on mac I'm trying to write my first git hook for prepare-commit-msg , I've put this together which behaves exactly as I want it on my Fedora box:
#!/usr/bin/bash
COMMIT_MSG_FILE=$1
COMMIT_SOURCE=$2
SHA1=$3
TRELLO_ID='XXX' # our trello project id
branchName=`git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD`
IFS=/ read commitType issueNumber commitDesc <<< $(echo $branchName)
if [[ -z $issueNumber ]]; then
  exit 1
fi
firstLine=$(head -n1 $1)
if [ -z "$firstLine"  ] ;then #Check that this is not an amend by checking that the first line is empty
        sed -i'.bak' -e "1s/^/Issue $issueNumber: \n/" $COMMIT_MSG_FILE
        sed -i'.bak' -e "2a\
                Issue link: https://trello.com/c/$TRELLO_ID/$issueNumber \n" $COMMIT_MSG_FILE
fi

I've shared this with a team member who's running on a mac and this keeps failing. Extra info about the mac setup is that it is running zsh but I dont know if that is relevant. I'm not familiar with macs so I wasn't able to help other that echoing a lot in this file when running git commit. For the record I'm also not that experience with bash.
At first I thought it was an issue with sed compatibility as other questions I found here revolve around it but after further testing it seems this already fails when splitting the branch name (we're using the convention <type>/<ticket-number>/<desc> ). I've also noticed some importance in syntax using single and double quotes around the file.
One last curiosity, on his mac if we run $ which bash on his terminal we get /bin/bash, does that mean the shebang is also wrong? how do people keep scripts like this compatible between linux and mac with so many little details? I also considered rewriting this on python which could bring easier compatibility but I really would like to understand what's needed to make this work on both systems.
Thanks!

A: Write you script like that with the sh shebang and check it with https://www.shellcheck.net/
If everything is ok with the sh shebang, it means the script will work ok with any version of bash, zsh, or whatever POSIX shell interpreter. MacOS's BSD type environment may have tools with different syntax or at least lacking the GNU CoreUtils specific features, so be cautious not to use these specific options when running commands.
#!/usr/bin/env sh

COMMIT_MSG_FILE="$1"
COMMIT_SOURCE="$2"
SHA1="$3"
TRELLO_ID='XXX' # our trello project id
branchName=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD)
IFS=/
# Split branchName at / into arguments
# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # intended word splitting
set -- $branchName
commitType="$1"
issueNumber="$2"
commitDesc="$3"
if [ -z "$issueNumber" ]; then
  exit 1
fi
firstLine=$(head -n1 "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE")
if [ -z "$firstLine"  ] ;then #Check that this is not an amend by checking that the first line is empty
        mv -- "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE" "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE.bak" &&
        sed -e "1s/^/Issue $issueNumber: \n/;2a\
                Issue link: https://trello.com/c/$TRELLO_ID/$issueNumber \n" "$COMMIT_MSG_FILE.bak" >"$COMMIT_MSG_FILE"
fi

A: I've faced pretty similar situation with Mac, and then realised we have people with windows also.
Not sure it's a relevant thing, but, if you have javascript application, then you may use https://github.com/typicode/husky to make hooks a bit different way. In addition to platforms support, such hooks may be committed into repository, which eliminates need of manual setup by newcomers.
Probably there are other similar solutions for solutions implemented in other languages.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Central St. Louis
Metro East
North St. Louis
South St. Louis
Surrounding Region
The Lemp Story
Armour Meat Packing Plant, The De La Vergne Engine
Posted on July 2, 2013 by Chris Naffziger
Update: Demolished by implosion in April 2016; the engine survived the collapse and was relocated in pieces to the American Farm Heritage Museum in Greenville, Illinois.
The massive De La Vergne engine, once one of the smaller steam engines in the refrigeration plant at Armour, is now the largest, as its larger counterparts are long gone. First you can see photos from June 1986, and then photos from the present day. The machine created refrigeration for the coolers in the adjacent buildings. More about the engine can be read here.
All photos from 1986 courtesy of Dennis Bensheimer.
The De La Vergne engine company has an interesting history, which you can read here. Founded in 1880, it provided refrigeration units for several St. Louis companies besides Armour, including Anheuser-Busch in 1892. In fact, if you look at the two engines from the respective plants, they are remarkably similar in appearance, though the A-B unit was apparently larger.
The rest of the photos were taken in the last five years at Armour.
The pit seen in the two photos next to the De La Vergne steam engine below makes me wonder; was this the location of another of the giant steam engines? Perhaps the pit held the flywheel?
As can be seen in the more recent photos, the insulation has begun to fall off in large clumps from the pipes. Interestingly, and mysteriously, Mr. Bensheimer said that some of the refrigeration units were definitely running on electrical power back in 1986; for what purpose, we do not know.
Metro East Abandoned Buildings, Armour Meat Packing Plant, Factories, Illinois, National Stockyards, Ruins
Chris Naffziger
More Posts Twitter Facebook LinkedIn
Armour Meat Packing Plant, The Refrigeration Plant
Armour Meat Packing Plant, Hides and Supply Building Ruins
John Thimakis
Awesome photos,
Thank's for sharing. 😉👌🏼
It's a pity the older photos have either faded or were underexposed.
Mitch Rabe
Flywheel was saved after demolition and is now on display here: http://www.americanfarmheritagemuseum.com/
\pə-ˈtē-nə, ˈpa-tə-nə\
1 a: a usually green film formed naturally on copper and bronze by long exposure or artificially (as by acids) and often valued aesthetically for its color b: a surface appearance of something grown beautiful especially with age or use; 2: an appearance or aura that is derived from association, habit, or established character; 3: a superficial covering or exterior
© 2007-2021 Chris Naffziger, St. Louis Patina. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced, displayed, modified or distributed without the express prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Chris Naffziger on Historic Photos of Oak Grove Cemetery and Mausoleum
KEVIN P WARD on Krey's Packing Plant, Hyde Park
KEVIN P WARD on Krey Packing Plant
Nash on Abandoned Factory, East St. Louis
Matthew Michaels on Historic Photos of Oak Grove Cemetery and Mausoleum
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text:
SFD046: Jay Tripwire & Modern Ancient - Heart432
paul platts 5 tunes, 4 of which are remixes, but as always with superfreq each tune is a masterpiece. Some awesome vibes coming from all of these
Heart432 (Original Mix) 09:34
Heart432 (Dance Spirit Remix) 08:00
Heart432 (Spiritual Heartbreak Mix) 09:36
Heart432 (Meditation Mix) 05:51
Heart432 (Spirit Tool) 01:16
Legendary Canadian DJ / Producer Jay Tripwire returns to Superfreq in 2018 in collaboration with mysterious up-and-coming Vancouver-based producer Modern Ancient on the gorgeous "Heart432".
An old-school throwback from the days of illegal warehouses and afterhours parties from Vancouver all the way down to San Diego, Jay Tripwire has been responsible for some of the most exciting underground house music to come out of North America in the last nearly two decades. Back when vinyl was king, Jay's signature tracks and remixes on long-disappeared labels like Fine Funk, Swag, Big Chief, and others were "must-have's" in the record boxes of the world's elite DJ's from John Digweed and Laurent Garnier to Kerri Chandler and Mark Farina. Currently Jay continues to tour frequently and release music on labels such as Desert Hearts, Akbal Music, Viva Recordings, Cenote Records and more.
More recently Jay has been exploring working with different tunings using 432 and 528 and writing with certain healing frequencies in mind. "Heart432" is the fruit of those experiments, including three distinctly different versions and a DJ Tool from Jay and collaborator Modern Ancient (Original Mix, Spiritual Heartbreak Mix, and Meditation Mix), this release also includes a deliciously deep tech remix from fellow freaks Dance Spirit.


Executive Suites is a business environment for professionals and small businesses to have access to a wide variety of business amenities and office management resources included in their office rental.
Executive Suites provides the office space, amenities and services for businesses that wish to project a professional image while operating in a professional environment. Executive Suites provides the office space, amenities and services that small businesses require at an exceptional level without a big impact on overhead.
Executive Suites chose IPitomy for their business communications system. The previous business communications system, an Isotec TDM switch, was becoming a support problem. Parts were failing and only used parts were available and the price of repair was beginning to become an issue. It was obviously just a matter of time before a big failure would force Executive Suites to make a decision.
Executive Suites has a unique application that requires a high degree of flexibility on inbound call delivery as well as control of the day/night mode from the receptionist position. IPitomy provided all the features and more for what the Executive Suites application required. Calls during the day are all answered by the receptionist. The receptionist is able to answer all of the calls with a company specific greeting with the option to transfer the call, take a message or send a call to voice mail; whichever is preferred by the Executive Suites tenant.
The receptionist knows who the call is for based upon the Tenant's company information being displayed along with the caller ID information on the telephone screen. This adds the additional professional touch that Executive Suites was looking for. The receptionist uses IPitomy's Smart Operator Console to monitor the extensions and know whether the called party is on the phone.
Most tenants have DID numbers for direct dialing. With the IPitomy system, Executive Suites can offer a number forwarding service to transfer numbers off premise to virtual tenants. This is an added element of flexibility that enhances the over all product offering and increases the sales potential of Executive Suites business. This provides the virtual tenant the professional phone answering services offered by Executive Suites, while operating their business from a remote location.
Executive now offers the exciting new benefits and flexibility of an IP based business telecommunications system, with good old personal service of a live friendly and professional receptionist.


1. Can I get Pre-Approved for a Mortgage?
A lender uses many factors to decide if you qualify for a mortgage. Your credit score and financial history matter, as well as how much you currently make and how much you have stashed away. They'll also look at how much debt you have compared to how much income you have, known as your debt-to-income ratio. A good gauge for whether or not you'll qualify for a mortgage is getting pre-approved.
2. Which Type of Loan Is Best?
Reputable lenders will find out more about you before throwing out loan options. You wouldn't expect a doctor to suggest surgery before she assessed your medical situation, would you? Choose a lender that gathers enough information from you before recommending a particular type of loan. Don't be afraid to ask a lender to explain the pros and cons about each option.
3. What Is the Interest Rate and Annual Percentage Rate?
The annual percentage rate (APR) is derived by a complex calculation that includes the interest rate and all the other related lender fees divided by the loan's term. Ask how your credit score and amount of a down payment will affect these rates.
4. What is the Minimum Down Payment?
The more you put down on a house, the better. But saving up for a big down payment can be tough. The standard down payment for a conventional loan is 5% of the home's sale price. But with other types of mortgages, you may be able put down less: FHA loan 3-3.5%, VA and USDA as low as 0%.
5. What Are All the Costs?
All the costs of a loan include not only fees that go into the lender's pocket but also related third-party vendor fees such as: Appraisal, Home Inspection, Credit Report, Survey, Lender's Title Policy, Title and Recording Fees, Insurance, Escrow, and Taxes.
6. Do I have to pay mortgage insurance?
If you put down less than 20%, you'll likely be required to pay private mortgage insurance, or PMI. The fee is typically included in your monthly payment until your loan-to-value (LTV) ratio falls below 80 percent and can cost up to $100 per month for every $100,000 borrowed.
7. What is the monthly mortgage payment?
The number you'll be living with on a monthly basis is, of course, your mortgage payment. The size of your loan is typically tied to how much you can afford to pay each month. Your mortgage payment will include a portion of your principal, which is the actual cost of the house, your interest due, homeowner's insurance, property taxes, and other fees.
8. Do You Offer Loan Rate Locks?
Interest rates fluctuate and change daily. If you have reason to believe that interest rates are moving up, you might want to lock your loan. Lenders typically charge zero to one point to lock a loan rate and points.
9. How Much Time Do You Need to Fund?
Average loan processing time periods fall between 21 and 45 days. To properly write a purchase contract, you need to include a closing date, and that date should be coordinated with your lender.
10. Do You Guarantee On-Time Closings?
A big issue is closing your transaction on time. Your purchase contract will contain a date to close escrow, but that date is generally subject to the lender's ability to close on time. If the lender cannot close on time, that could mean extra costs or problems for the buyer.


text:
Taylorsville's Alto Madrigals
Morgan Thompson
Top row from left to right: Caroline Wilkinson, Tori Tye, Abbie Andersen, Camila Cordova; Bottom row from left to right: Alyssa Skinner, SheylaMay Rico, Tofi Nonu, Sarah Sanchez
Our Madrigals are continuing to power through endless performances and busy schedules, all while growing closer to one another in the process. "Going into Mads, I feel a weight coming off my shoulders," said second alto Sarah Sanchez. "I know everyone in there has my back and knows exactly how I feel. They bring light in my life where there's darkness." Let's introduce our Madrigal Altos!
Tori Tye – Alto 1
Tori was motivated to try out for Madrigals by her desire to spread the joy of music to other people. She had taken Concert Choir as a junior and wanted to further her choir experience. "Auditions were so nerve wracking," she said. "But it was awesome to hear everyone sing."
"It is amazing [being in Madrigals]!!" Tye said. "I love the people and the community, everyone is so nice and fun to be around." Tori is paired with Briggs Dalton. She has found her place in the Madrigals family and will cherish the memories she makes with them.
Tori hopes to keep music a part of her life after high school so she can continue spreading the joy and happiness that it brings.
ShelaMay Rico – Alto 1
ShelaMay is a self taught singer and comes from a very musical family. Madrigals is right up her alley. "[My favorite thing is] making new friends and memories that I'm sure I'll remember forever," Rico said. She also loves anything to do with music and being involved in the school.
As is often the case, auditions have been the hardest part for Shey. "Auditions were super scary," she said. "I thought I didn't do well but apparently the other Mads thought I did really well." She is now partnered with Ayden Jones.
Shey looks forward to going into the movie industry after high school. She hopes to one day write, direct, and compose the music for her own movie.
Alyssa Skinner – Alto 1
Alyssa has always loved singing and has been in choir since the seventh grade. Seeing the Madrigals perform when she was younger only motivated her to be one herself. Although she was terrified for auditions, she was very happy with the results. "I knew I was so supported in that room as all of the current Madrigals encouraged me," she said.
Alyssa's partner is Caleb Booth. She has found her comfort zone in her close knit group of Madrigals. "I love having a group of people who I can rely on," Skinner said.
Although the Madrigal performance schedule can be very time consuming, Alyssa continues to find ways to make the best of it. "Lots of people think that we are all super extroverted but there is a good amount of us that aren't and burnout is real," she said. "Making sure that [everything is] getting attention leaves me exhausted but by focusing on one thing at a time I can handle it all."
Alyssa wants to continue singing throughout her life, especially in college as she continues her educational journey.
Caroline Wilkinson – Alto 1
Caroline's older brother was a previous Madrigal at Taylorsville. "They sang a surround sound song in the auditorium, and I knew I wanted to sing in that choir. Both concert choir and Madrigals," she said. From then on, she couldn't wait for auditions.
"Auditions for me were actually pretty fun," Wilkinson said. "When I sang, my piano/voice teacher played piano for me, and I felt pretty prepared. […] I felt like I completely aced the performance. When I started singing, the stage felt like home."
Caroline looks forward to improving her musical talents throughout her life. "I want to use music to bless the lives around me and to help others feel the meaning of each song," she said. "I feel like I could maybe sing professionally at some point in the future, but I don't want to get into that just yet."
Tofi Nonu – Alto 2
Tofi has wanted to be a Madrigal ever since they came to perform at her elementary school. She was thrilled when her audition went well. "Mads auditions were very welcoming," she said. "You could feel how close everyone was and how supportive everyone was during each of the auditions."
For Tofi, preparation for being a Madrigal included the several music classes she has taken at school. "They just helped me get out of my comfort zone," Nonu said.
Tofi is partnered with Reed Miles and loves the family-like relationship she has formed with the Madrigals. She hopes to keep music in her life throughout her future.
Abbie Andersen – Alto 2
Abbie looked up to her sister, a previous Madrigal, when she decided to try out. Many years of choir experience motivated her desire to make more memories and work harder in her music life. "Auditions were so nerve wracking," she said. "I had waited for that moment for a long time."
Abbie has made so many friends since being in Madrigals, including her partner, Henrie Holder. She can't wait to continue to make memories with them as she finishes out her senior year.
Sarah Sanchez – Alto 2
" I knew I wanted to be a Mad since Kindergarten," Sanchez said. She had siblings who were Madrigals at both Taylorsville and Kearns High School and loved watching them perform.
Sarah comes from a very musical family. "Growing up, my family would sing any song together," she said. "My siblings would harmonize as I sang the melody to songs and it helped me be able to hold my own part and later taught me how to harmonize naturally." She has also improved her musical talents by participating in choir since Junior High and working closely with Taylorsville's choir director, Mrs. Tarrant.
Sarah is paired with Corben Cox. She loves the bonds and the trust that has formed throughout the Madrigals this year. She knows she wants to stay involved in music throughout her life. "I hope music will always bring me comfort through my future trials," Sanchez said. "When I feel like I'm in a rough patch later on, I'll look back on the music we sang in Mads and feel only peace."
Camila Cordova – Alto 2
Camila hadn't even thought about being a Madrigal until participating in women's chorus last year. "Junior year was my very first year of taking choir class. Before that I didn't really have much experience besides being in musicals," she said. "Mrs. T is an amazing teacher and I learned so much from her in just the one year of having her class."
Camila was elated when she found out she was going to be a Madrigal and paired with Nathan Bingham. She formed almost an instant bond with the Madrigal family. "[I love] the experiences we have all shared together," Cordova said. "I've grown close to all of them and I really enjoy their company."
Although the busy Madrigal schedule always keeps Camilla on her toes, she finds that there is always a way for it to work out. She hopes to keep music in her life as she gets older and it will always be one of her favorite hobbies.
The Madrigals look forward to making many more memories with each other throughout the rest of the school year. "The people and environment make it fun," said Caroline Wilkinson. "If you're kind and accepting of each other, despite each other's differences, it makes being a Madrigal way more enjoyable."
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Introducing Taylorsville's wellness center
Meet the 2023 Student Body Officers
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Meeting our Bass and Baritone Madrigals
Chinese Dual Immersion Reflection
Getting to know our Tenor Madrigals


Just announced by Domino, Hookworms has a new album up for pre-order called Microshift. This albums looks into a different direction for the band, which is more of a shift to melodic sounds, rock/pop lyrics and synth landscapes. Check out the single below and get your orange copy today. Also added is a limited edition screen print numbered to 500. Also available on their Bandcamp site for $22.
Microshift is the Leeds band's first new work in over 3 years and marks a seismic shift in their sound, dynamic, songwriting and production, whilst still bearing all the ferocious energy, intricate musicianship and bruised but beautiful song-craft of the previous releases which have quietly made them one of the UK's most revered young bands. Pearl Mystic and their second LP, The Hum were heavily informed by the band's live sound, Microshift on the other hand came to life in the studio, formed out of loops, modular synthesizer sequences, drum machines and homemade samples. It is radiant, immersive and teeming with light, but still heavy and forceful.
Ltd edition orange colour vinyl - exclusive alternate artwork sleeve, and printed PVC outer sleeve. Includes download code and bonus hand numbered screenprint (Ltd edition of 500).
As an FYI The link to this website tells me it's a virus\phisher from numerous browsers, routers, and PC's and including my phone which are all on separate networks using different protection schemes. Not sure what to make of it but it's not something I see that often.
Ah yes, that happens to me too. Just delete the https:// part of the link and you should be good.
Instant for me! Love these guys so much, and I am excited about the direction they are taking with this already. Pearl Mystic is still gonna be hard to beat!
Digging the new sound. Hope they can finally tour the US.


Today I am sharing an interesting and hilarious Bridal Shower Couple Party Game. This is also a best suitable valentine party game for couples or for couple kitty party.
This is a couple game and each couple gets a roll of polo candy, two tooth picks, and a plastic cup.
The Couples have to unwrap the candy before starting the game.
Husband picks up the polo candy with the toothpick in his mouth and slides it to the toothpick in wife's mouth.
The wife then has to shift that candy to the plastic cup kept on the table.
This is a one minute game and couples get one minute to win the challenge.
The couple who shifts the maximum number of candies in one minute will be the winner.


text:
Race & Health
Bill Of The Month
Lost On The Frontline
Underfunded And Under Threat
UVA Lawsuits
Pharma Cash To Congress
Data & Docs
ALL KHN INVESTIGATIONS
KHN Morning Briefing
Summaries of health policy coverage from major news organizations
Wednesday, Jul 26 2017
full issue
Male Reproductive Health On The Decline
The decline in quality and concentration of men's sperm has been a matter of hot debate, but one comprehensive study hopes to put any doubts to rest. In other public health news: flesh-eating bacteria, medical ethics, boosting resilience in midlife, injuries in young athletes and stem cell clinics.
The Washington Post: Sperm Concentration Has Declined 50 Percent In 40 Years In Three Continents
The quality of sperm from men in North America, Europe and Australia has declined dramatically over the past 40 years, with a 52.4 percent drop in sperm concentration, according to a study published Tuesday. The research — the largest and most comprehensive look at the topic, involving data from 185 studies and 42,000 men around the world between 1973 and 2011 — appears to confirm fears that male reproductive health may be declining. (Cha, 7/25)
Stat: Flesh-Eating Bacteria: 5 Things To Know After A Hiker's Almost-Fatal Infection
Last month, a few minor blisters turned into a flesh-eating nightmare for hiker Wayne Atkins, who developed a dangerous bacterial infection after climbing Mount Garfield, a 4,500-foot peak in New Hampshire. Atkins survived, but barely: He spent 2 1/2 weeks in a medically induced coma while doctors pumped him full of antibiotics and removed chunks of his flesh to get rid of the infection. And Atkins was lucky, relatively speaking: Infection with flesh-eating bacteria is considered a surgical emergency, and can require limb amputation. One in four people with necrotizing fasciitis dies. (Caruso, 7/25)
WBUR: Medical Ethics: In The Charlie Gard Case, Listen To The Nurses
The tragic spectacle of the legal battle over Charlie Gard, the 11-month-old British baby whose genetic disease has inflicted catastrophic and irreversible brain damage, appears to be drawing to a close. ... But perhaps most troubling of all for me is the abuse of the nurses and other medical staff caring for Charlie, who has lived nearly his all his days on life support and mechanical ventilation. (McLean, 7/25)
The New York Times: How To Boost Resilience In Midlife
Much of the scientific research on resilience — our ability to bounce back from adversity — has focused on how to build resilience in children. But what about the grown-ups? (Parker-Pope, 7/25)
NPR: Young Athletes Who Specialize Too Soon Risk More Injuries
If you're involved in high school athletics, you know the scene. There's increasing pressure to specialize in a single sport and play it year-round. The upside? Focusing on one sport can help give kids the edge they need to compete on elite club teams — or travel teams. Many athletes hope to attract the attention of college recruiters, or be offered a sports scholarship. This emphasis on competitive success has become widespread throughout the U.S., according to a consensus statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine. (Aubrey, 7/25)
USA Today: Stem Cell Company For Sports Legends Facing Financial Complaints
The company that manufactured experimental stem cell medicine for several aging sports heroes is facing several complaints in court for large unpaid bills, as well as a complaint by an investor who accuses the company of misusing funds and fraud. (Schrotenboer, 7/25)
This is part of the KHN Morning Briefing, a summary of health policy coverage from major news organizations.	Sign up for an email subscription.
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Alabama's governor tries to shift the blame for the state's botched executions
In a bizarrely-worded statement, Alabama Gov. Kay Ivey called for a temporary halt to executions last week. She announced the decision after corrections officials botched the failed execution of Kenneth Smith on November 17, the third execution this year that was botched and the fourth since 2018. (You can read a full account in the following article.)
"For the sake of the victims and their families, we've got to get this right," Ivey wrote. "I don't buy for a second the narrative being pushed by activists that these issues are the fault of the folks at Corrections or anyone in law enforcement, for that matter. I believe that legal tactics and criminals hijacking the system are at play here."
She pledged to provide "all necessary support and resources to the Department to ensure those guilty of perpetrating the most heinous crimes in our society receive their just punishment. I simply cannot, in good conscience, bring another victim's family to Holman [prison] looking for justice and closure until I am confident that we can carry out the legal sentence."
Ivey also asked the attorney general not to seek execution dates for others on death row "until the top to bottom review is complete."
Dept of Corrections Commissioner John Hamm agreed with Ivey's decision, adding, "We have to get this right for the victims' sake. Everything is on the table – from our legal strategy in dealing with last-minute appeals, to how we train and prepare, to the order and timing of events on execution day, to the personnel and equipment involved. The Alabama Department of Corrections is fully committed to this effort and confident that we can get this done right."
Blog, Headlines, The Focus, Updates


text:
10 facts you didn't know about The Doors' singer Jim Morrison
His death was unexpected and an autopsy was never performed – and several conspiracy theories surround his passing.
Natasha Wynarczyk
Jim Morrison, singer of the US rock band "The Doors", 1968 in Germany.
This week marks the 50th anniversary of The Doors singer Jim Morrison's death.
The star was found dead in Paris at the age of 27 on July 3, 1971.
Here, we reveal 10 facts you may not know about the musician.
1. Jim was born James Douglas Morrison in December 1943. His father was in the US Navy and Morrison spent his childhood in places including California, New Mexico and Texas.
2. He claimed as a child he had witnessed a car accident in the desert, seeing several injured Native Americans lying in the road. He insisted this was the most formative event of his life and regularly referred to it in songs, imagery and poems – but his family members' memories of the incident differed.
3. The singer was intelligent, with a reported "superior" IQ of 149. He was inspired by several French philosophers and 17th century English works on demonology, but a teacher found his reading material so offbeat they checked the US national library to see if Morrison was making the books up.
4. In 1963, when he was 19 and studying at Florida State University, Morrison was arrested for disturbing the peace for being drunk at an American football match. The star had a booze addiction that he developed during the 1960s and often affected his performances.
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5. The Doors song Riders on the Storm's line "there's a killer on the road" came from a screenplay Morrison wrote about Billy Cook, who murdered six people in a 22-day spree between 1950 and 1951 while hitchhiking across the US.
6. Morrison had a wild life – at one point he spent months living on LSD and beans, said cocaine was his drug of choice and enjoyed scaring car passengers by driving the wrong way at crazy high speeds.
7. In March 1971, Morrison moved to Paris with his lover Pamela Courson to get clean — but she soon found him dead in the bathtub of their apartment. It was ruled as heart failure by the French authorities, but some believe he died from an accidental overdose of heroin.
8. Some conspiracy theories state that he died in a nightclub but his body was moved, that he was murdered and even that he faked his own passing with a recent "sighting" taking place in New York in 2016.
9. His death came two years to the day after the drowning of Rolling Stones guitarist Brian Jones and approximately nine months after the deaths of Jimi Hendrix, left, and Janis Joplin — all aged 27. Courson also died three years after her former partner... at 27.
10. Morrison is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris and shares a final resting place with Irish writer Oscar Wilde. His grave has been the target of fans who have daubed it with graffiti.
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Covid-19Hospitality sector representatives call for immediate end to 8pm curfew The government are expected to announce an end to restrictions beginning next week, but many from the hospitality sector believe they should be lifted tonight
Euro Soccer Sixes: 25 years since Johan Cruyff's crazy mid-season six-a-side tournament
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Hospitality sector representatives call for immediate end to 8pm curfew
Covid-19The government are expected to announce an end to restrictions beginning next week, but many from the hospitality sector believe they should be lifted tonight


Two of my girlfriends and I had a fun shopping trip up to Portland a few weeks ago. It was great to get away from the babies, admire clothes out of our price range, and be overwhelmed and feel old together in Forever 21. I did find a few good items—a striped shirt and belt at Forever 21.
I'm loving stripes these days! You can't tell in the pictures, but this top has adorable layered ruffled cap sleeves. I've also been loving the use of belts in Nina's and Ashley's outfits, so I picked up a thin belt for only $3.50 at Forever 21 (yay for a good deal! Belts like these are $12 at Target!). Rather than buckling it, I tied it in a double knot and liked the kind of rosette affect.
I'll be linking up with Momma Go Round's Real Momma, Real Style.
You look so great! LOVE the neutral colors and the belt! Perfect!
Adorable outfit! I like the belt rosette, it looks good.
The DEALS are the best part of Forever21!! Their basic t-shirts and tanks are great too! LOVE the outfit!


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Herb Kirsh
American politician
Died on Tuesday January 28th 2014
View other recent people: Jorge Navarro Sánchez, Luis Gerardo Rivera, Jack Van Impe Thank you for saying goodbye to
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People that died on the same date as Herb Kirsh
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Roger Cowley (2015-01-26)
Suzette Haden Elgin (2015-01-26)
Henk Faanhof (2015-01-26)
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David Landau (2015-01-26)
John T. Myers (2015-01-26)
Ronnie O'Reilly (2015-01-26)
José Pereira (2015-01-26)
Joe Rígoli (2015-01-26)
Joseph Rotman (2015-01-26)
Al Severinsen (2015-01-26)
Bob Shea (2015-01-26)
Charles H. Townes (2015-01-26)
Gunnar Christie Wasberg (2015-01-26)
Charlie Williams (2015-01-26)
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Masako Bandō (2014-01-26)
Georges Breitman (2014-01-26)
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Stepan Chapman (2014-01-26)
Edmond Classen (2014-01-26)
Brian Gibbs (2014-01-26)
About Herb Kirsh
Articles about Herb Kirsh
Deaths in January, 2014


First things first, I'm so sorry on your loss. May the information you discover right here provide some assist and therapeutic as you seek to embrace your late beloved one and find the mandatory energy to live on without them. Thanks rebekah! Discovering the time for enjoyable things is at all times onerous, however I do get pleasure from messing round with photoshop. There are additionally numerous locations you can obtain backgrounds, frames and many others. without cost, and for the reason that images are already on the computer, it is straightforward to put it collectively. I justify spending the time by the fact that it amuses my nieces and nephews to have their photos featured.
A small hand-held mixer or a spread of manual kitchen home equipment can achieve the identical results as a large food processor. They don't look as spectacular, but they make an amazing contribution to a greener way of life. Many solar powered home equipment including lights and torches can receive sufficient gentle by means of a closed window for charging – and the low winter sun is good for placing small photo voltaic panels between a window and the protecting curtains on the suitable facet of your house.
Some nice, uncommon ideas right here, I really like the unique bottle glasses they're amazing! Along with the tall grass and depressions, there were additionally surprisingly deep gullies crammed with water running all through this big meadow. The walking was additionally tougher than it appears on account of a lot of holes, mushy ground, and rocks. I multiplied the three by 4 inch space, by two. So the rectangle I drew onto the graph paper was six by eight. Then I drew strains inside the rectangle that have been two inches aside, thereby making my scale on the graph paper with two inch squares.
Another merchandise which adjustments the colour tone is the coloring of the clothing. The clothing shade or colors will reflect onto the complexion and it may be necessary to change the facial coloring. If you need some extra inspiration, this text from Pottery Barn has some nice body layouts so that you can contemplate. Thanks Sherry, you are so variety to share this with us particularly the preparation for a blackout. Yesterday, my area did have a blackout for about 5 hours long, and you know the rest…luckily, I did keep the birthday used candles…yes, one of many concepts you shared…voted this convenient! Cheers!
As you may see from the photographs on the other ideas, you can add textual data to a photograph. Naturally, you possibly can add as a lot or as little as you want. You can use the Eyedropper Instrument to select up a color from the photograph, and use that shade for the text, or you can use black or white or any color you select. You possibly can add an effect resembling a drop shadow to the textual content, or you'll be able to stroke the layer to give a special shade define.


A 'Save the Flag Penny Drive' is underway in Logan County schools through Nov. 8, as a way to raise funds to restore an historic flag associated with Logan County and Abraham Lincoln's first presidential campaign.
Funds from the penny drive will be used to help restore the Middletown Flag, a hand-stitched campaign flag made by the ladies of Middletown, Illinois, during the 1860 presidential election.
The flag was made for a Springfield rally for Lincoln held on August 8, 1860. After being carried in the rally's parade, the women of Middletown were thrilled to find that Lincoln was draped in their flag as he gave a speech at the fairgrounds. At a time when women were not allowed to vote, the flag served as a way for the ladies of Middletown to express themselves publicly regarding their candidate of choice.
The penny drive has a goal of collecting 1.7 million pennies, or $17,000, toward the cost of restoring the flag, which is estimated to be between $17,000 and $20,000.
The Middletown Flag is one of three pieces created for and used by the Wide Awake Supporters of Logan County currently in the collection of the Lincoln Heritage Museum at Lincoln College. The other two are the "Nations Choice" banner and a smaller banner of Abraham Lincoln. Once the flag is restored, the entire set will be complete.


text:
using System;
using Aspose.BarCode.BarCodeRecognition;

/*
This project uses Automatic Package Restore feature of NuGet to resolve Aspose.BarCode for .NET API reference
when the project is build. Please check https://docs.nuget.org/consume/nuget-faq for more information.
If you do not wish to use NuGet, you can manually download Aspose.BarCode for .NET API from http://www.aspose.com/downloads,
install it and then add its reference to this project. For any issues, questions or suggestions
please feel free to contact us using http://www.aspose.com/community/forums/default.aspx
*/

namespace Aspose.BarCode.Examples.CSharp.ManageAndOptimizeBarCodeRecognition
{
    class SupportImageFormat
    {
        public static void Run()
        {
            try
            {
                // ExStart:SupportImageFormat
                // The path to the documents directory.
                string dataDir = RunExamples.GetDataDir_ManageAndOptimizeBarcodeRecognition();

                // Create instance of BarCodeReader class and Get code text
                using (BarCodeReader reader = new BarCodeReader(dataDir + "Scan.jpg"))
                {
                    foreach (BarCodeResult result in reader.ReadBarCodes())
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("CodeText: " + result.CodeText);
                    }
                }
                // ExEnd:SupportImageFormat
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message + "\nThis example will only work if you apply a valid Aspose BarCode License. You can purchase full license or get 30 day temporary license from http://wwww.aspose.com/purchase/default.aspx.");
            }

        }
    }
}


State law restricts patient access to nurse practitioner (NP) care. State licensure law constrains NP practice by requiring physician delegation and supervision for at least one element of NP practice.
NP Schedule II prescriptive authority is authorized in select settings and practice types.
CE requirements can be met by complying with national certification or by meeting specific Board of Nursing requirements.
NPs are defined in law as Primary Care Providers in select instances.
One physician may enter into supervisory agreements with no more than seven NPs or other Advanced Practice Registered Nurses or Physician Assistants.
Death Certificates: NPs are authorized to sign death certificates in certain circumstances.
Provider Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST): Texas' POLST program is developing.
DISCLAIMER: The material contained in this fact sheet is offered as information only and not as practice, financial, accounting, legal or other professional advice.
Correspondents must contact their own professional advisors for such advice.