text:
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Quick Answer: What Does The Number 10 Mean In Hebrew?
What does the number 3 mean in Hebrew?
Is 3 a evil number?
What does the number 40 represent in Hebrew?
What does the number 10 in Hebrew mean?
What is the number seven in Hebrew?
What kind of number is 100?
Why 3 is the perfect number?
What number represents death?
What does the number 28 symbolize in the Bible?
How much should you give to your church?
Do I pay tithing on gross or net?
What is special about the number 10?
What do numbers mean in biblical terms?
Where does it say 10 percent in the Bible?
Where did tithing 10 percent come from?
What does 777 mean?
Who invented number 10?
What does 666 mean in Hebrew language?
What is God's phone number?
What is Jesus's number?
The number 3 biblically represents divine wholeness, completeness and perfection.
If there ever was a desire to highlight an idea, thought, event or noteworthy figure in the Bible for their prominence, the number 3 was used to put a divine stamp of completion or fulfillment on the subject..
Examples. The first evil numbers are: 0, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 23, 24, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34, 36, 39 …
The Hebrew people lived in the lands outside of the promised land for "forty years". This period of years represents the time it takes for a new generation to arise (Numbers 32:13). Several early Hebrew leaders and kings are said to have ruled for "forty years", that is, a generation.
10. The gematria of the Hebrew letter י Yodh, or in Jiddisj: 'Jud' stands for 'Jew (word)' – it's (therefore) linked to the tetragrammaton. The Ten Commandments (עשרה דיבריא, aseret ha-dibrot, literally "Ten Utterances") The ten Plagues of Egypt.
Cardinal valuesArabic numeralsHebrew numeralsCardinal (ex. one, two, three)Feminine5ה(chamesh) חָמֵשׁ6ו(shesh) שֵׁשׁ7ז(sheva') שֶׁבַע44 more rows
100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: C) is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101. In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of "hundred" to describe the long hundred of six score or 120.
Three is the smallest number we need to create a pattern, the perfect combination of brevity and rhythm. … It's a principle captured neatly in the Latin phrase omne trium perfectum: everything that comes in threes is perfect, or, every set of three is complete.
Because 4 is generally a practical, material number, few superstitions are associated with it. An exception is in China, where 4 is unlucky because she ("four") and shi ("death") sound similar.
Twenty-eight is: An abbreviation for such years as 1928 and 2028. In Hebrew Gematria, koakh meaning "power", "energy" is a word that corresponds to the number 28. The number of Hebrew letters in Genesis 1:1, the first verse of the Bible.
The good news: The U.S. has never forced civilians to give 10% of their income to a church, although it's still held as the gold standard of charitable donations to your place of worship. There are lots of references to tithing in the Bible, which many Christians regard as the word of God.
You should base your tithing on taxable income. Or, use the adjusted gross income and skim off a bit.
10 (ten) is an even natural number following 9 and preceding 11. Ten is the base of the decimal numeral system, by far the most common system of denoting numbers in both spoken and written language. The reason for the choice of ten is assumed to be that humans have ten fingers (digits).
Numbers are a Biblical means God speaks to His people. For those sensitive to "See " with prophetic vision what God is revealing, are hearing His voice loudly. As one of many Biblical examples of numbers, seven refers to "a day of rest" (Genesis 2:3).
According to Leviticus 27:30 (TLB), "A tenth of the produce of the land, whether grain or fruit, is the Lord's, and is holy." And Proverbs 3:9 (NIV) says, "Honor the Lord with your wealth, with the firstfruits of all your crops." The gardening metaphors may have thrown you off, but these verses are essentially saying …
יא 11 (eleven) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12. It is the first repdigit. In English, it is the smallest positive integer requiring three syllables and the largest prime number with a single-morpheme name.
Tithe, (from Old English teogothian, "tenth"), a custom dating back to Old Testament times and adopted by the Christian church whereby lay people contributed a 10th of their income for religious purposes, often under ecclesiastical or legal obligation. The money (or its equivalent in crops, farm stock, etc.)
Repeatedly Seeing the Angel Number 777 means you're Going to right way to achieving you Success. 3. It also Indicating negative connotation Due to gambling and thats help to know as positive number 4. Angel Number 777 also helps to know by come frequently when you are enjoying a string of luck 5.
Hindu-Arabic numerals, set of 10 symbols—1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0—that represent numbers in the decimal number system. They originated in India in the 6th or 7th century and were introduced to Europe through the writings of Middle Eastern mathematicians, especially al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi, about the 12th century.
In the Bible, 666 is the number of Adonikam's descendants who return to Jerusalem and Judah from the Babylonian exile (see Ezra 2:13). Using gematria, Neron Caesar transliterated from Greek into Hebrew produces the number 666. The Latin spelling of "Nero Caesar" transliterated into Hebrew produces the number 616.
In the 2003 Jim Carrey comedy "Bruce Almighty," God's phone number (776-2323, no area code) appears on the Carrey character's pager, so of course moviegoers called it and asked to speak to God.
888In Christian numerology, the number 888 represents Jesus, or sometimes more specifically Christ the Redeemer. This representation may be justified either through gematria, by counting the letter values of the Greek transliteration of Jesus' name, or as an opposing value to 666, the number of the beast.
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After the War Ivan Krutov became a sailor. In time he decides to return home and to create a family. He invites a barmaid Tanya in his native village. His mother is already dead, his former lover got married; he has a daughter, but she has grown up and is going to marry herself. Ivan wants to escape again but on the railway station he meets Tanya, who came to him with her son, baggage and dog.


text:
Man Arrested For Filming Masturbating Woman From Elevated Williamsburg Subway Platform
A man has been arrested for allegedly secretly filming a woman who was masturbating in her Williamsburg apartment. According to police, Gabriel Carbona was arrested around 11:30 p.m. Wednesday at the elevated Marcy Avenue J train platform after he allegedly was caught using his cell phone to record a woman masturbating in her apartment. "It's horrible. It's creepy and it's nasty," the 29-year-old victim told the Post. "I felt really safe in that neighborhood, but now that this happened I don't feel safe."
Cardona allegedly told cops he wasn't some sort of peeping Tom on the prowl—rather, he was an innocent browsing Tom who came upon a masturbating women in the wilds of Brooklyn (albeit in her own home): "Cardona told cops, 'I was not going to put the video on YouTube. It was a thrill for me and I was going to show it to my girlfriend,'" a law-enforcement source told the Post.
Police added that Carbona has been charged with unlawful surveillance. Now if he had claimed he was taking artsy photos rather than video, he might not be in so much trouble, as a Manhattan Supreme Court Justice ruled this week that a photographer who took a series of surreptitious photos of his neighbors and exhibited them in a gallery had every legal right to do so.
gabriel cardona
j train
Ben Yakas was born and raised in New York, and has worked for Gothamist for over a decade, and WNYC for four years, covering literally everything. He has hung out with Dan Smith (who will teach you guitar), but still has yet to have a guitar lesson with him.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I saw this deal on Groupon for a gym by my house. Usually I only run, outside, but lately I've been feeling like it might do me some good to change up the routine. There are a bunch of reasons why I've never gone to a gym before, the self-consciousness of working out in front of other people, the not really knowing how to use any of the equipment. I remember one time I went to the university gym while I was in school, I had no idea what I was doing. I sat down at some machine where you put your arms on a platform and start moving some weight attached to a bunch of cables. It wasn't even that heavy, I swear, but I totally did something wrong, because I couldn't move my arm for like a week. And it wasn't soreness, I know what being sore feels like, this was like somebody punched me straight in the triceps.
Honestly, probably the biggest obstacle preventing me from signing up is the cost. Most gyms by me are in the fifty dollar a month range, and I don't know, I can't even bring myself to subscribe to cable TV, there's no way I want to drop that much money on a gym membership. But this Groupon sounded like such a good deal, just two hundred bucks for an entire year, no membership fee, unlimited classes.
"What about the Groupon?" I was kind of surprised about how meek I sounded sitting in this chair, something about taking a tour through this factory of muscle and sweat, here I was, I looked like I just rolled out of bed, I was wearing a Batman t-shirt and jeans, whereas normally I feel like I'm in great shape thanks to running, now I felt just really skinny and awkward.
Really? He likes me? And how could he tell how serious I was? He wrote down the number seven on the piece of paper, "So here's what I'm going to do for you. You see this seven dollar membership fee?" he drew a big circle around the seven, "I'm going to take care of that seven dollars for you," he crossed out the seven, a big X across the whole paper.
I looked at him for a minute, he stared me down, right in the eye.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged deal, exercise, facilities, Groupon, gym, gym membership, salesman on October 11, 2013 by Rob G..


Although you can Discover methods that are free to do so, this Marketing aspect is a lot easier said than done. Consider the costs of finding a network of people to buy from you building a digital ecommerce site and guest posting to broaden your reach. It all takes time and cash, and you're bound to burn out yourself in the event that you don't have the tools to go about doing all this.
What if you had a tool for turning Your website or social media channel into an online shop, while at exactly the exact same time sharing your electronic products looking for articles like yours with a network of users?
This tool would be Sellfy, and upon original Glance, it's somewhat of a Kickstarter feel to its interface (without the crowdfunding,) in which it is possible to create your own storefront on the Sellfy platform, peddle your goods to the tens in the network, while having the chance to post Sell buttons on your own website.
Although this service does not just cut out the Time or money you will spend on making your site, it can make the process a little simpler. That enticing to us, so join us as we take a deeper look into what Sellfy has to offer.
This really is a simple instrument the Sellfy documentation Only is made up of around 30 or so items. It's simple to hunt, and you don't need to worry about becoming overwhelmed.
The way to get the service team right Is via an email form. You can get pushed with a program, although so, no telephone support.
For this inspection, we figured it'd Be Smart to test Out selling an electronic product that we're familiar with. We gave the Sellfy comes with a challenging look by posting and uploading Ecommerce Platform's Guide to Developing a Successful Online Shop.
Here is another motive Sellfy is Far Better than simply Placing a PayPal button. Instead of handling a MailChimp account that is different, Sellfy provides you custom buy emails which send out.
Okay, a few of the features come into play if You're contemplating a simple PayPal button on your website. Essentially, you can generate discount codes for all of your products right from the Sellfy dashboard.
Offering products is a choice, and you can Even develop discount codes to give out if folks share your page.
I see the benefit of going with Sellfy as the Fact which you're able to find a tiny storefront up and running within seconds. You do not have to worry about designing your own site, and you can upload 2GB per file and use unlimited bandwidth. Simply speaking, you can forget about hosting.
All the storefronts are optimized for your mobile World, and it permits you to take execute them and Buy buttons and widgets.
And being a proponent of automating many As possible processes, I have always loved Zapier. Sellfy streamlines the process through automation and includes a Zapier integration today that allows you to connect with over 750 apps in the Zapier database.
Stripe and payPal are the choices you have when selling on Sellfy. These are often the two most frequent payment processors, but they cut out some people who aren't permitted to use these options. The integration functions but we'd love to view offerings.
Other than that, Sellfy allows for Instant payouts, client invoices , global taxes and currencies, EU VAT reports and multiple currencies. They offer.
There have a free 14-day day trial. I Newbies can get started for cheap, although personally prefer not to need to pay for transaction fees. I wonder if folks might be better off with a solution like Easy Digital Downloads.
Sellfy appears to work best for vendors with big Digital libraries who want the extra tools for ignoring, PDF stamping and analytics. In addition, you boost the Number of users who see your product Via the Sellfy network.


text:
"Nigerian ladies don't know how to love" – Nigerian guy(23) explains why marrying American(46)
Leaked documents reveal how Isabel dos Santos raised billion
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Trump threatened on twitter by a Frenchman posing as Buhari
Home/Africa news/South Africa closes embassy in Nigeria
South Africa closes embassy in Nigeria
Nzegwu Follow on Twitter Send an email September 5, 2019
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South Africa temporarily closed its diplomatic missions in Nigeria following retaliatory attacks triggered by xenophobic violence in South Africa.
Between Sunday and Wednesday, crowds looted and destroyed shops – mostly foreign-owned – in Johannesburg's South African shopping center. The Nigerian government has spoken openly about the situation, condemning the violence.
The South African Minister of Foreign Affairs has described this as embarrassing for her country. "Our government regrets any violence against foreign-owned shops or Africans from other countries that reside in South Africa," said the national broadcaster SABC quoting Minister Naledi Pandor.
Nigerians protest against xenophobic attacks in South Africa
On Tuesday and Wednesday, South African companies were targeted by protesters in several Nigerian cities. The South African telecommunications giant MTN closed its stores as a precaution.
Seven people were killed in the unrest in South Africa, but none of the casualties were identified as Nigerian. Nevertheless, the videos and images shared on social media that claim to show Nigerians attacked and killed fueled tensions.
Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari sent an envoy to South Africa to "express Nigeria's dissatisfaction with the treatment of its citizens".
But on Wednesday, Foreign Minister Geoffrey Onyeama said that although the government believes that Nigerian companies in South Africa have been targeted, it had no information that one of its citizens was dead. "There are a lot of stories going on about Nigerians being killed, jumping out of a building and being burned, which is not the case," he told reporters.
He also urged people to stop attacking South African businesses in Nigeria, saying the president "is particularly appalled by vandalism." To help Nigerians who want to leave South Africa, the Foreign Ministry said they offered a free flight back home.
"Wake up South Africa!"
In response to violence in Johannesburg, two of Nigeria's top musicians, Burna Boy, and Tiwa Savage, announced that they were boycotting South Africa. Burna Boy vowed never to return to South Africa until the government "wakes up".
Tiwa Savage withdrew from a concert she planned to perform in South Africa in September, condemning "the barbaric massacre of (her) people". The singer then clarified that "(her) people" could be any African.
No justification
On Tuesday, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa condemned the wave of looting and violence. "Nothing can justify a South African attacking people from other countries," he said. South African police said the force has decreased and nearly 300 people arrested as a result of the disturbances.
South Africans looting shops
Children are seen in the looting of the shop
Nigeria South Africa
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Nzegwu
Nzegwu I. from Nigeria, I am a content writer and freelancer. A graduate of Anambra State University, with a B.Eng. and other certs in different fields. I love group discussion, travelling and making friends. You can find my contents here. Feel free to mail me. Email: nzegwu@afrinik.com Call: +2349056016522
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text:
est un sculpteur japonais né en 1936 à Sakai, dans la Préfecture d'Osaka.

Biographie
Fukuoka a été professeur à l'Université des Beaux-Arts du Kansai.

Styles
Fukuoka a commencé sa carrière dans les années 50 en effectuant à l'aveugle des moulages en plâtre de trous qu'il avait creusés dans le sable.

Dans les années 60, il crée une série de sculptures ressemblant à des ballons flottant dans l'air.

Dans les années 70, il produit des sculptures gigantesques de phalènes dans différentes positions.

Dans les années 80, il passe au thème d'autoportraits dans des paysages, créant des boites noires en plastique sur lesquelles il se représente en miniature effectuant des activités comme pêcher et désherber son jardin.

Il simplifie encore son thème d'autoportrait en créant une série de boites en bois à sa taille, appelées cercueils.

Dans les années 90, il crée des panneaux en plastique noir sur lesquels il grave en blanc des centaines de fois la même phrase.

Dans les années 2000, il simplifie encore son art en produisant des "Boules pourries", dont la forme ressemble vaguement à des testicules. En 2005, il devient, selon ses propres mots, "un sculpteur qui a arrêté de sculpter".

Expositions
 1958 : Hakuhou Gallery, Osaka, Japon.
 1987 : Gallery 16, Kyoto, Japon.
 1990 : Shinanobashi Gallery, Osaka, Japon.
 1990 : Tokyo Gallery, Tokyo, Japon.
 1993 : Muramatsu Gallery, Tokyo, Japon.
 1993 : Shinanobashi Gallery, Osaka, Japon.
 1996 : Kasahara Gallery, Osaka, Japon.
 1997 : Art space NIJI, Kyoto, Japon.
 1998 : Shinanobashi Gallery, Osaka, Japon.
 1998 : Muramatsu Gallery, Tokyo, Japon.
 1999 : Tokyo Gallery, Tokyo, Japon.
 2000 : Musée des Beaux Arts d'Itami, Japon
 2001 : INAX Gallery 2, Tokyo, Japon.
 2017 : Michio Fukuoka: A Sculptor Who No Longer Sculpts, Musée National des Beaux-Arts d'Osaka, -

Références

Liens externes

Sculpteur japonais
Naissance en 1936
Naissance à Sakai

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How to display a scrollable list using Cobol Screens I am creating a COBOL application using the screen section (Library where you can lend books).
How I can create a scrollable list using Screen Section? Can it be implemented so that you can scroll through that list using certain keys?
In my application I have screens where lists are displayed but there I am displaying a limited number of items and then a key has to be pressed to see further items.
But now I have a more complex situation.
This is the code I would like to "convert" into the screen section mode:
       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. RETBOOK.
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
       INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
       FILE-CONTROL.

           COPY "SLCUST.cbl".
           COPY "SLBOOK.cbl".
           COPY "SLLOAN.cbl".

       DATA DIVISION.
       FILE SECTION.

           COPY "FDCUST.cbl".
           COPY "FDBOOK.cbl".
           COPY "FDLOAN.cbl".

       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

           COPY "WSALPHA".

       77 A-PAUSE                   PIC X.
       77 LOAN-FILE-AT-END          PIC X.
       77 THE-CUSTOMER-ID           PIC 9(5).
       77 THE-CUSTOMER-LAST-NAME    PIC X(20).
       77 THE-CUSTOMER-FIRST-NAME   PIC X(20).
       77 THE-BOOK-TO-RETURN-ID     PIC 9(5).
       77 LOAN-FOUND                PIC X.

       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-BEGIN.
           PERFORM DO-RETURN.

       PROGRAM-EXIT.
           EXIT PROGRAM.

       PROGRAM-DONE.
           STOP RUN.

       OPEN-FILES.
           OPEN I-O CUSTOMER-FILE.
           OPEN I-O BOOK-FILE.
           OPEN I-O LOAN-FILE.

       CLOSE-FILES.
           CLOSE CUSTOMER-FILE.
           CLOSE BOOK-FILE.
           CLOSE LOAN-FILE.

       DO-RETURN.
           PERFORM OPEN-FILES.
           PERFORM FIND-CUSTOMER.
           PERFORM DISPLAY-LOANED-BOOK-IDS.
           IF LOAN-FOUND = "Y"
              PERFORM RETURN-BOOK
           ELSE
              DISPLAY "No loans available".
           PERFORM CLOSE-FILES.

       FIND-CUSTOMER.
           PERFORM ENTER-CUSTOMER-ID.
           PERFORM GET-CUSTOMER-BY-ID.

       ENTER-CUSTOMER-ID.
           DISPLAY "Enter id of customer to find.".
           ACCEPT THE-CUSTOMER-ID.

       GET-CUSTOMER-BY-ID.
           CALL "CUSTBYID" USING THE-CUSTOMER-ID.
           DISPLAY "Press any key to continue.".
           ACCEPT A-PAUSE.

       DISPLAY-LOANED-BOOK-IDS.
           PERFORM FIND-LENT-BOOKS-OF-CUSTOMER.

       FIND-LENT-BOOKS-OF-CUSTOMER.
           PERFORM READ-CUSTOMER-DATA.
           PERFORM DISPLAY-CUSTOMER-DATA.
           PERFORM INIT-DATA.
           MOVE CUSTOMER-ID TO LOAN-CUSTOMER.
           PERFORM READ-LOAN-DATA.

       INIT-DATA.
           MOVE SPACES TO LOAN-RECORD.

       READ-CUSTOMER-DATA.
           MOVE THE-CUSTOMER-ID TO CUSTOMER-ID.
           READ CUSTOMER-FILE RECORD
               INVALID KEY
                   DISPLAY "CUSTOMER NOT FOUND".

       READ-LOAN-DATA.
           MOVE "Y" TO LOAN-FOUND
           START LOAN-FILE
               KEY = LOAN-CUSTOMER
               INVALID KEY
                   DISPLAY "No lent books."
                   MOVE "N" TO LOAN-FOUND
                   MOVE "Y" TO LOAN-FILE-AT-END
           END-START.

           PERFORM READ-NEXT-LOAN-DATA
               UNTIL LOAN-FILE-AT-END = "Y".

       READ-NEXT-LOAN-DATA.
           IF LOAN-CUSTOMER = CUSTOMER-ID
               READ LOAN-FILE NEXT RECORD
                AT END
                    MOVE "Y" TO LOAN-FILE-AT-END
                PERFORM DISPLAY-LOAN-DATA
           ELSE
               MOVE "Y" TO LOAN-FILE-AT-END.

       DISPLAY-CUSTOMER-DATA.
           DISPLAY "Lent books of".
           DISPLAY CUSTOMER-FIRST-NAME.
           DISPLAY CUSTOMER-LAST-NAME.

       DISPLAY-LOAN-DATA.
           DISPLAY "Loan id : " LOAN-ID.
           DISPLAY "Loan Book : " LOAN-BOOK.

       RETURN-BOOK.
           CALL "LOANDEL".

Code of "LOANDEL"
       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. LOANDEL.
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
       INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
       FILE-CONTROL.

           COPY "SLBOOK.cbl".
           COPY "SLLOAN.cbl".

       DATA DIVISION.
       FILE SECTION.

           COPY "FDBOOK.cbl".
           COPY "FDLOAN.cbl".

       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

       77 THE-BOOK-ID     PIC 9(5).
       77 LOAN-FOUND      PIC X.
       77 BOOK-FOUND      PIC X.
       77 LOAN-KEY        PIC 9(5).

       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-BEGIN.
           OPEN I-O LOAN-FILE.
           OPEN I-O BOOK-FILE.
           PERFORM MAIN-PROCESS.
           CLOSE LOAN-FILE.
           CLOSE BOOK-FILE.

       PROGRAM-EXIT.
           EXIT PROGRAM.

       PROGRAM-DONE.
           STOP RUN.

       MAIN-PROCESS.
           PERFORM ENTER-BOOK-ID-TO-RETURN.
           PERFORM DISPLAY-BOOK.
           PERFORM FIND-LOAN.
           IF LOAN-FOUND = "Y"
               PERFORM DISPLAY-LOAN
               PERFORM DELETE-LOAN
               PERFORM MAKE-BOOK-AVAILABLE
           ELSE
               DISPLAY "Loan not found".

       ENTER-BOOK-ID-TO-RETURN.
           DISPLAY "Enter book id to return".
           ACCEPT THE-BOOK-ID.
           MOVE THE-BOOK-ID TO LOAN-BOOK.
           MOVE THE-BOOK-ID TO BOOK-ID.

       DISPLAY-BOOK.
           CALL "BOOKBYID" USING THE-BOOK-ID.

       FIND-LOAN.
           MOVE "Y" TO LOAN-FOUND.
           START LOAN-FILE
               KEY = LOAN-BOOK
               INVALID KEY
                   MOVE "N" TO LOAN-FOUND
                   DISPLAY "This book is not lent by the customer".

           READ LOAN-FILE NEXT RECORD.

       DELETE-LOAN.
           DELETE LOAN-FILE RECORD
               INVALID KEY
                   DISPLAY "Error deleting loan".

       DISPLAY-LOAN.
           DISPLAY "Loan to delete:".
           DISPLAY "Loan id : " LOAN-ID.
           DISPLAY "Loan customer : " LOAN-CUSTOMER.
           DISPLAY "Loan book : " LOAN-BOOK.
           DISPLAY "Loan date : " LOAN-DATE.
           DISPLAY "Loan return date : " LOAN-RETURN-DATE.

       MAKE-BOOK-AVAILABLE.
           PERFORM FIND-BOOK.
           MOVE "N" TO BOOK-LENT.
           MOVE "N" TO BOOK-OVERDUE.
           PERFORM SAVE-CHANGES.

       FIND-BOOK.
           MOVE "Y" TO BOOK-FOUND.
           READ BOOK-FILE RECORD
               INVALID KEY
                   MOVE "N" TO BOOK-FOUND.

       SAVE-CHANGES.
           REWRITE BOOK-RECORD
               INVALID KEY
                   DISPLAY "Error rewriting book record".

Code of "BOOKBYID"
       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. BOOKBYID.
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
       INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
       FILE-CONTROL.

           COPY "SLBOOK.cbl".

       DATA DIVISION.
       FILE SECTION.

           COPY "FDBOOK.cbl".

       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

       77 BOOK-FOUND      PIC X.

       LINKAGE SECTION.

       77 THE-BOOK-ID     PIC 9(5).

       PROCEDURE DIVISION
           USING THE-BOOK-ID.

       PROGRAM-BEGIN.
           PERFORM OPEN-FILE.
           PERFORM GET-BOOK-BY-ID.
           PERFORM CLOSE-FILE.

       PROGRAM-EXIT.
           EXIT PROGRAM.

       PROGRAM-DONE.
           STOP RUN.

       OPEN-FILE.
           OPEN I-O BOOK-FILE.

       CLOSE-FILE.
           CLOSE BOOK-FILE.

       GET-BOOK-BY-ID.
           MOVE THE-BOOK-ID TO BOOK-ID.
           PERFORM READ-BOOK.
           IF BOOK-FOUND = "Y"
               PERFORM DISPLAY-BOOK
           ELSE
               DISPLAY "Book not found".

       READ-BOOK.
           MOVE "Y" TO BOOK-FOUND.
           READ BOOK-FILE RECORD
               INVALID KEY
               MOVE "N" TO BOOK-FOUND.

       DISPLAY-BOOK.
           DISPLAY "Title : " BOOK-TITLE.
           DISPLAY "Author : " BOOK-AUTHOR.

I am using SCREEN SECTION in my other programs and DISPLAY/ACCEPT and DISPLAY BLANK SCREEN (wrapped in a paragraph) to clear the screen. Navigation using arrows, TAB and ENTER is not sufficient in this situation because I also would like to navigate through the scrollable list using other keys for example F3/F4.How can I achieve this here ?

A: Answer to the question "How to create a scrollable list of records in SCREEEN SECTION":
The most portable way is to define a CRT STATUS (goes to SPECIAL NAMES paragraph) which can be queried after each ACCEPT. The actual values you receive differ between implementations with the biggest difference you'll see is between X/Open COBOL definition (3-byte status, partial binary) and COBOL 2002+ (4byte status), some COBOL implementations may even accept and handle both (like GnuCOBOL 3.2+ ;-).
Implementations commonly ship a copybook with values you can test against, as there was no specification for the COBOL environment used: GnuCOBOL as an example would have copy screenio. with 4-byte definitions as constants (level 78 constants, not all COBOL implementations have those, the standard would use 01 ... CONSTANT) and an implied 4-byte status, allowing checks like IF COB-CRT-STATUS = COB-SCR-PAGE-DOWN and similar.
If you specify the CRT STATUS clause then query that, if it is a 3 byte one then you'd normally check the different parts.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


One of my biggest fears is that I will never reach my full potential. I fear that I will never know what I am capable of. I am afraid that I will always be too afraid to take chances. I'm afraid that any chances I take will result in a negative outcome. I am afraid that all of my fears and anxiety will lead to life where I constantly wonder, "what if?".
Many people tackle the life with exuberance. No matter how daunting a task or how the odds are stacked against them, they are always positive and up beat. I on the other hand, tackle everything with apprehension. I've told friends that my problem is that I think too much. I start thinking about how many ways things could go wrong. Never considering that they could right.
These anxieties and fears have always been with me most of my life. I've always been this way. Now that I'm getting older, my biggest fear is that my fear is holding me back, and will continue to hold me back.
I watch as so many of my peers make strides in their lives. I'm excited and happy for them. However, it leads me back to myself. "What about you", I'll ask myself. Then my inner debates start. There is never a clear winner. It can be argued that my fear wins every time, I choose to not make a decision. I've acknowledge that, but I've chosen to ignore that thought.
I know what I want, and fear keeps me from going after it. These fears keep me in place. In exactly the same place, exactly as I am. And that is my biggest fear. I don't want to be in the same place.
Its an going journey, but I'm learning more about myself every day. I'm also learning to be okay and accept what I'm learning about myself.
The High School years, I was who I was. A shy, introverted girl. I did what I was told, rarely said no, rarely spoke back. The College years, I was still that same girl. Only this time, I was questioning myself. My friends were going to cool parties, joining and starting clubs. I didn't have those motivations. I turned down party invites. They didn't intrigue me. Joining groups were intimidating to me. It seemed like all my friends had no problem making new friends. I on the other hand, had no problem meeting new people, but never really develop new friendships. "What was wrong with me," I'd ask myself.
I eventually took a leap and stepped out. I went to a volunteer session, made a few friends, but the friendships only lasted a semester, but I made the effort. Navigating some of these situations were hard because I was so out of my element. I did them because I felt that they were things I should be doing. All my friends were having these unique college experiences, and I should be having the same.
The biggest lesson that I learned in my quest to be a normal college student, was that I am what I am, and there was nothing wrong with that. I didn't enjoy some of the things I was doing and found myself miserable. I was happy being myself, than attempting to be something I was not.
I am still very introverted. I prefer reading at home versus partying all weekend. It doesn't mean that I won't go to a party every now and then. It means when I go to a party, I go because I want to be there and not because I think I should be there. I have been taken advantage , but in it, I've learned to speak for myself.
I wouldn't say I was lost, but I had no idea who I was. It is hard to know who you are when you are living for someone or something other than yourself. I'm still learning, understanding, and even getting to know myself, but I've accepted who I am.
My sister and I, we're not very much alike. I'm going to make this clear. I love my sister, and we have a great relationship. We are though, very different. Those differences don't impact our relationship negatively. They are what make our relationship. I can't imagine what it would be like if we were more alike. In fact, I've never given it thought. We are who we are, and that is what makes us who we are.
My sister is very social. I'm not social.
My sister flourishes is social situations. I'm overwhelmed.
My sister takes chances. I prefer to play it safe.
My sister always has a smile on her face. I wear my emotions on face even if I never say it out loud.
My sister spends her doing fun things like movies, concerts, dinners. I prefer a quiet night at home with a book.
My sister is very fashion forward. I'm more conservative in my fashion. Preferring comfort over style.
My sister was a good student. I was an okay student. I had to work really hard for my Bs.
My sister easily makes friend. I have a hard time making friends and starting new relationships.
My sister is street smart. I'm not as hip to the street, but I'm not far behind.
I often look at my sister awe. I wish I could do some of things she does. I often wish I could be the person striking up conversation at the party, who knows everyone's name, their kid's name. I'm not that person. I've tried to be that person, and I've realize its just not me. I've accepted that, and I'm always working becoming the best me.
Often, my sister has to carry the load because she knows there are just some things I'm never going to do on my own. She happily does it, with no animosity on her part. She's also encouraged me and pushed when I talk myself out of things out of fear.
We balance each other. I have the ability to reel her back in and she pushes me.
In my work, I interact with countless people every day. People from every age group, gender, sexual orientation and racial demographics. Its probably one of my favorite things about my job. I get to interact with people I likely would not have interacted. What I've realized is, there are so many interesting stories out there, from every day people. We wouldn't know because so many of us have our head phones on, and are focus soley on our phone.
I can't pinpoint any one person who I would describe as the most interesting person I've met so far this year because I have met so many interesting people. Each with a story that is unique to them.
I think the special needs teachers and their teacher's aide who come in my job every few weeks are interesting. They have a hard job, and I've never them frustrated or angry. I love watching them interact wit their students. I love how they encourage them, giving them confidence to be independent. Eventually, developing a relationship with the rest of the staff.
I think the nannies who come into my work place are interesting. Many of them have the same stories yet the very different. Women from the third world working for a better life in America. I like hearing the stories about their country, and what led them here. I also enjoy the relationship they have with their young charges. All them similar yet so different.
"Donations" one sign read, "Trash" read the other.
I look at the bins, filled to capacity. The local library was having a drive for book donations where books would be donated to schools and libraries in third world countries. I don't like the idea of throwing looks out, but we shouldn't give what we wouldn't accept for ourselves.
As I continue deciding whether books will donated or trashed, a note on a short orange sheet of paper slipped from a book.
It was wonderful to see you and the family. It made everyone so happy to see you and the family. Oh how the kids have grown. Tell Robbie he is more than his grades, and tell Josie she's the brightest start. I'm here any time you guys need a ear.
Today's Prompt: Write about a loss: something (or someone) that was part of your life, and isn't any more.
I wanted to write about something else, maybe something serious or not so serious, but something on a lighter note. Then I realize, Its been nearly a year. A year since my grandpa passed. A year since I woke up to tears and someone attempting CPR. Its hard to believe its been a year since our family saw them wheel his body out of our home.
I relive that day in my head often. I know its was beyond my control, but I can't help the what ifs. Especially because that day wasn't a normal day for me. What if it had been an normal day for me? Probably wouldn't have made a difference, but I can't help but wonder.
I can't help but think about the last few days before he passed. We celebrated his birthday, and looking back, wonder if he knew that it might be his last one with us. I remember how he was ready to do anything I needed, even as his health wasn't good. It is one of my last memories of him.
My gramps was selfless. He would go above and beyond for anyone who needed his help. There was no minimum effort when he decided he was going to help. He always putting his best foot forward.
What do I miss the most? The laughs, the jokes, the stories, his bluntness, and his raw honesty. He had a knack for saying what most people were thinking, but afraid to say. He would spit it out, causing everyone to laugh. And there goes the awkwardness.
I miss the little talks. In a big family, these moments could be hard to come by, but we would have them whenever the opportunity presented itself. They weren't all serious, and they weren't all fun. Sometimes, they were about mundane things, but it wasn't about the actual talks. It was about us, together. Creating memories, without realizing it.
Today's Prompt ask that we write about the three most important songs in your life – and what they mean to you.
My first response was only three? And just how important were some of my favorite songs to me? I love music. I love all kinds of music. I have always been a fan of the lite FM stations, and went to sleep with them often during my younger years, at a time when my taste for music included Backstreet Boys, NSync, Destiny's Child, and nearly any rap group from that time. That is why it is so hard to pick three songs.
At a time when I was loving boy bands, I was also falling in love with Elton John, Fleetwood Mac, Madonna, Marvin Gaye, Al Green, Stevie Wonder, Aerosmith, and I could go on and on. My taste knows no limit to genre and time period.
I think I can smile and cry when I hear What a Wonderful World by Louis Armstrong. The man, the voice, the lyrics, whats there not to love. I love that this is the view from many windows in many neighborhoods around the world.
I'm not sure about the first song I ever from Fleetwood Mac. I think it was Dreams, and loved it almost as soon as we I heard it. However, Landslide turned out to be absolute favorite. It used to be just another song I would hear on the radio, but as I was growing and changing, it wasn't just another song on the radio.
The prompt asked for three, and as I said it was hard to choose because I love music. This was a toss up between songs from two of my favorite movies, The Bodyguard and the Titanic. I loved both movies, and both soundtracks. For this assignment, I will choose I Will Always Love You. This is an amazing love song, and the vocals are such that many have tried and fail to emulate it.
Music means different things for different people. It can mean different things just based on where you in your life. I found this assignment to be a challenging because as I listen to music, I've never really thought about how certain songs have impacted life. There are songs that have more of a place in my memory, but I've never thought about how they may or may not have impacted me.


text:
require_relative "../lib/import.rb"

RSpec.describe Formatter do
  def path(file_name)
    File.expand_path File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), file_name)
  end

  it "is same to output file" do
    output = Formatter.new.row_per_day_format path('../lib/input.csv')
    expect(output).to eq File.read(path('../lib/output.csv'))
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The results show that whilst the economy is still growing, it slowed in Q3. Manufacturing and export balances were down on the quarter.
To coincide with its International Trade Conference taking place in London today (Thursday), the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) is publishing the results of its Quarterly Economic Survey for Q3 2014. The survey, made up of responses from more than 7,000 businesses across the UK, shows that whilst the economy is still growing, it slowed in Q3. Balances for both manufacturing and service sector exports were down on the quarter, highlighting the challenges facing UK exporters.
A decline in the rate of growth in Q3 for the UK manufacturing sector reinforces the BCC's most recent Economic Forecast that predicted economic growth would slow leading into 2015. BCC Director General, John Longworth, says the results for domestic manufacturing and exports in this quarter may be the 'first alarm bell' to warn of slower economic growth. The BCC is recommending that all political parties show support for the proposals within its Business Manifesto: 'A Business Plan for Britain' to create the best possible environment for growth and enterprise.
For manufacturing, two balances fell steeply in Q3 2014; domestic sales (+23%, down from +42% in Q2) and domestic orders (+24%, down from +41% in Q2). This is in contrast to three all-time high balances in Q2 2014.
For services, balances remained largely unchanged but stayed at a historically high level; domestic sales (+35%) were stable and domestic orders (+29%, down from +30% in Q2) fell slightly.
The balance of manufacturing firms operating at full capacity fell by 6 points to +40% in Q3, while the number of service firms operating at full capacity rose to a very high level (+46%).
All export balances fell in Q3, for both exports and services; manufacturing export sales fell from +30% in Q2 to +16% in Q3, while service export sales dropped by 17 points to +14%.
Business confidenceremains higher than the 2007 pre-recession levels, for both manufacturing profitability (+54%) and service sector profitability (+45%).
The manufacturing employment balance rose from +30% in Q2 to +32% in Q3. The balance for services sector employment increased from +19% to +28% over the same period.
In the manufacturing sector, the cashflow balance remained at +17%, five points below its last peak in Q3 2013. The service sector cashflow balance increased by five points to +22%, the highest on record.
The manufacturing price balance (intentions to raise prices) increased by one point to +18%, whilst the price balance for the service sector increased by three points to +22%.
"The British economy has strengthened significantly since the recession but to say that strong growth cannot be sustained indefinitely is simply not good enough. To avoid sinking back into mediocrity we must steer clear of measures that dampen business confidence and press ahead with reforms to the business environment.
"As we predicted in our economic forecast, the strong upsurge in UK manufacturing at the start of the year appears to have run its course. We may be hearing the first alarm bell for the UK economy, but this need not be the case. The share of manufacturing firms operating at full capacity fell in Q3, signalling that there is more spare capacity in our production sector than previously thought. Concerns over the strength of the pound are also high and rising. Together with a worsening outlook for the eurozone, these factors reinforce the case against an early interest rate rise.
"The disappointing decline in exports highlights that we must do something radically different. Britain faces a major challenge in improving its trade performance, so we must waste no time in supporting trade opportunities to overseas markets which offer sustained growth. Only a concerted national campaign and sustained investment will allow more UK firms to look beyond our shores for growth opportunities.
"These results point to continued UK economic growth, but the pace is easing. The signs of the slowdown are particularly noticeable in manufacturing, where all the key domestic and export balances recorded declines in Q3. The multiplier effects of a rise or fall in industrial production are important, not least for those regions of the UK whose traditional dependence on manufacturing industries remains high.
"Services remain more resilient than manufacturing, but there were disappointing declines in the service export balances between Q2 and Q3 2014. In contrast the Q3 results are positive for employment, cashflow and business confidence.
"Noticeable falls in all the export balances and increased signs of slower growth require a forceful policy response. UK growth cannot rely permanently on consumer spending, and on unsustainable current account and budget deficits. Unless exports and investment play a bigger role in growth, the recovery will stall.


In the mobile age where remote workers are spread out around the world, it's gotten more difficult to get everyone on the same page or in the same room. Schedules are loose, distractions are high, and projects are many. So, if your business relies on smooth communication and your workforce is vast and spread out, you could benefit greatly by utilizing audio conferencing for any and all meetings.
If your employees are remote or your vendors have multiple clients to attend to and it's crucial to squeeze in 15 minutes, setting up an audio conference bridge is the easiest, most convenient method to meet when you're wrestling with perhaps the most precious commodity in business: time. And besides that, everyone can simply jump on their phones and connect to a PIN-operated conference bridge in moments. It couldn't be any easier.
With Phone.com's audio conferencing tool, hundreds of participants are able to talk in HD wherever they are. Each participant will have to input a PIN number to access the call ensuring there won't be anyone on the line that doesn't belong.


What exactly is the difference between a quality pair of gloves and a heap pair of gloves?
- You want specific leathers that are stretchy so when you move, they adapt to your hand and they always look elegant and comfortable.
- Lamb leathers, peccary leathers, hairsheep leathers are really good for gloves.
- It's very stiff, it's hard, and it's uncomfortable.
- Very durable and gets softer over time.
- It develops a nice patina so the longer you have them, the more elegant they'd look.
- Cuts are a little more refined. The finger length is adjusted to the width of the palm.
- Quality gloves also come in half sizes.
- The cheaper gloves, you see that they're all loose so you have a lot of cold air coming in and it makes you feel cold.
- Contrast piping, hand-woven elements, green piping and a button closure.It's not something you'll ever find on cheaper $30 gloves.


text:
October 7, 2017 by Jason Barr 10 Comments
The Birth of Height: What was the World's First Skyscraper?
By Jason M. Barr October 7, 2017
What was the world's first skyscraper? If you do have an answer, you would be, most assuredly, wrong (sorry). Any skyscraper that we claim as the "first" is merely a convenience—a social convention to provide a simple answer to a complicated question.
But why would it be wrong? For two reasons. First, there is no universal definition of a skyscraper. Is it a relatively tall building, or a building that rises above some threshold (say 80, 90, or 100 meters), or perhaps both?
Alternatively, is it based on the materials and technology used? This definition leads to the second problem. After the Civil War, there were many buildings that incorporated some innovation, and thus we can point to any one of those structures to suggest it was the Original Skyscraper.
The most popular answer is that the ten-story Home Insurance Building in Chicago, completed in 1885, was the first true skyscraper. Why? Because the belief is that it was the one—the iphone of real estate—that fundamentally altered the world by applying the currently-available technology in a new way.
Home Insurance Building, (1885), Chicago
Most significant is that the architect, William Le Baron Jenney, had the key insight to use iron (later replaced by steel) framing. Previously, large buildings used the walls to bear the load of the structure. But as the need for taller buildings arose in the late-19th century, this approach was no longer practical. The higher the building went, the thicker would be the walls on the lower floors, eating into the rentable space and rendering the project unprofitable.
However, in some sense, Jenney's structure was a prototype, since the iron beams were embedded in the masonry walls, which also helped carry the load. Later buildings would use pure steel frames, or skeletons, while the walls were mere "curtains," only needed to keep the elements out.
Historian Carl Condit writes,
The utilitarian advantages of steel framing were enormous and immediately obvious to architects, builders and owners. First was the possibility of getting rid of a supporting wall, with a consequent reduction in weight and an immense increase in height. The steel necessary to carry a tall building weighs only one-third as much as bearing masonry for an equal number of stories. The virtually unlimited increase in glass area, up to 100 per cent of coverage, allowed the maximum admission of light. The slender columns and wide bays offered greatly increased freedom in the disposition of interior space. Economy in cost of materials together with speed and efficiency of construction convinced even the most skeptical owners of the superiority of steel or wrought-iron framing.
In 1889, New York City soon entered the skyscraper game with the construction of the Tower Building at Lower Broadway. Architect Bradford Lee Gilbert also had an Eureka moment on how to build tall on the narrow lot. In 1905, he recalled that,
One day the idea came upon me like a flash that an iron bridge truss stood on end was the solution to the problem.
Gilbert's building, also, was not a pure skyscraper, since the top floors included load-bearing masonry walls. New York and Chicago each tried to say they were the first. But after reviewing the evidence, Sarah Landau and Carl Condit write,
The only fair conclusion to be drawn is that architects, engineers and builders in New York, Chicago and Minneapolis were simultaneously and independently developing the iron skeleton system.
Tower Building (1889), New York City
While the steel skeleton—and elevator—are perhaps the sine qua non of the skyscraper, there are also about a dozen or so systems that go together to create the whole skyscraper machine. Necessary is the technology for wind bracing; anchoring the structure to the ground; fireproofing; heating, cooling, and ventilation; plumbing; and lighting and electrical wiring. Based on his research, Condit concludes,
If we are tracking down the origins the skyscraper we have certainly reached the seminal stage in New York and Chicago around the year 1870.
So 1870, 1885 or when? Well, the debate about which was the first can be tedious, but here are other candidates that have been put forth.
In 1870, the Equitable Life Assurance Society completed its 7-story headquarters in lower Manhattan. Its revolutionary idea: include two steam-powered elevators for the office tenants. Perhaps for the first time in human history, businesses paid more money to rent the higher floors than the lower ones. Again, Landau and Condit:
All the exceptional features of the Equitable Building—its elevator-predicated height, "fireproof" constructions, extensive iron framing, large window area, and rent-free owners quarters—justify the title "first skyscraper."
The Equitable Life Assurance Society Building (1870), New York
Another possibility is the Tribune Building, completed in New York in 1875. It was likely the first office building to use height to show off the power of its occupant, the New York Tribune—the brainchild of Horace Greeley. Media Studies expert, Aurora Wallace, writes,
The nine-story height ensured that the tower would be taller than any existing New York office building and was thus neither an arbitrary choice of height nor one based on the functional space requirements of the newspaper. The design and size of the Tribune building was primarily governed by the enhanced public image that would be garnered for the newspaper and only tangentially by the potential economic benefits of building tall.
Tribune Building (1875), New York
Or perhaps the first skyscraper was the first building to actually receive the moniker "skyscraper." Before they were applied to tall buildings, the word referred to other extremely tall or high phenomena, including sail masts, horses, and fly balls in baseball.
As late as 1883, the Chicago Daily was referring to a series of buildings in New York and Chicago as "sky-scrapers." My searches through historical newspaper archives produced a December 19, 1882, New York Sun article entitled, "Another Sky Scraper Down Town," which specifically refers to the construction of the Mutual Life Insurance Company building in Lower Manhattan, completed in 1884.
We can continue in this way ad naseum. While I, too, cannot provide a definitive answer, here's my opinion. There are three characteristics that make a skyscraper a skyscraper: (1) a building that is significantly taller than typical buildings in a given locale; (2) uses an all-steel skeleton frame, and (3) satisfies an economic need.
Based on this criteria, the first skyscrapers would be the 10-story Lancashire Insurance Building in New York (1890) and the 16-story Manhattan Building in Chicago (1891), designed by William Le Baron Jenney.
Lancashire Insurance Building (1890), New York
Manhattan Building (1891), Chicago
Regardless of which building is chosen, what is certain is that by 1890, most of the technological barriers to building height had been removed in a way that allowed for supertall structures which could rise beyond 15 stories. By the turn of the 20th century, 25 to 30 floors (100 meters) were at the vanguard.
In the next post, we will review the history of building height over the 20th century and see how the skyscraper grew up.
Filed Under: Skynomics Blog Tagged With: Bradford Lee Gilbert, Chicago, first skyscraper, Home Insurance Building, New York, steel skeleton, Tribune Building, William Le Baron Jenney
Rebecca says
This is a wonderful blog post. I am curious about one issue: As I recall from some earlier writings along these lines, the notion of extremely tall structures was, of course, nothing new in the 1860-1900 period, but prior to that period they relied upon stone engineering (pyramids, etc). But one book which I cannot remember the name of nor the author, suggested that the birth of skyscrapers was somehow due to the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge completed in 1886. It's suspension towers, at the time, completely dwarfed all the structures in lower Manhattan. Is there any validity to that? Perhaps you address that in your book, but it isn't mentioned in this blog post. Perhaps also it is no particular real significance, but I thought I would bring it up. To an amateur's perspective it does seem like a convincing idea.
Jason Barr says
I don't know the source of the book on the Brooklyn Bridge, but I take your point. I think one of the reasons why the debate about the first skyscraper is so enduring is that there is no single definition of what make a skyscraper a skyscraper. In Gerard Peet's article, for example, (http://global.ctbuh.org/resources/papers/download/321-the-origin-of-the-skyscraper.pdf), he argues for Rome's Insulae Feliculua, as well as other structures built around the world in the 15th and 16th centuries. I guess the lesson: take your pick!
Perfect, re Insulae Feliculua. Yes and one could go back to the Tower of Babel, which never was built, as far as any archaeologist knows, or as you point out numerous other structures. I need to dig up that book with the bit about the bridge. The suspension towers are nearly 300ft (100m) tall, and they took quite some time to build, as you know–completed right around the same time as some of the iron and steel core buildings you mention. I suspect that there were entrepreneurs who didn't quite find the upstaging of their businesses by a bridge particularly amusing. Also, recall that within those structures inside the Brooklyn Bridge towers are livable areas. I'll try to find the reference and apologize for posting comments with nothing to back it up. In the end, maybe now it is far easier to discuss what scrapes the sky? But the origins of these ideas are important.
Enjoyed reading very much about the skyscrapers and looking back at the history of our nation thanks Paul Keating. Age 91
The Manhattan Skyline during the Roaring Twenties says:
[…] the skyscraper was born in the last two decades of the 19th century, it was a generation later when it reached its true potential. From May 1930 to May 1931, three […]
[…] Manhattan had achieved it cavernous status over the preceding two decades. As examples, the HBC's report applies the proposed height rules to eight skyscrapers already […]
[…] in mind, let's go back in time, to about 1885, when the notion of how to build skyscrapers was just dawning on the real estate community. Lower Manhattan was, arguably, the densest business district in the world. This clustering was […]
The Technology of Tall (Part I): Skeletons, Outriggers, and Buttresses - Skynomics Blog says:
[…] High land prices meant that if a landowner wanted a reasonable return on his investment, he needed to find a way to generate more revenue from the lot. The solution: build taller. With more floors comes more rent. In the history of cities like New York and Chicago, the skyscraper was a naturally emergent phenomenon. Expensive land values incentivized developers, engineers, and architects to produce cost-effective technologies to create new "land" where it was needed most. Thus, in the 1880s, the skyscraper–land in the sky–was born. […]
The Technology of Tall (Part II): The Need for Speed - Skynomics Blog says:
[…] claim the prize of "First Skyscraper." Jenney argued it was his structure; while New York's Bradford Lee Gilbert said his Tower Building (1889) was first. Others also offered proof they were the true innovators. In the end, through good […]
Fire and Ice: Lessons from Historical Conflagrations for Cities Today - Skynomics Blog says:
[…] far from alone. Chicago had its Great Fire of 1871. Today it is famously credited as leading to the birth of the skyscraper (though the Fire of 1874 was perhaps more influential). The conflagration swept through downtown […]


Just minutes from the I-990 expressway, This Office Park is Centrally located at the bustling corner of Sweet Home Road and North French Road in Amherst, New York. Just a two minute drive to the State University of New York at Buffalo's Amherst Campus. Ten minutes to the Buffalo-Niagara Airport and one mile east of Niagara Falls Boulevard.
Two separate office suites available, suite 4 is 1,100 square feet and suite 5 is 1,581 square feet. These units can be sold individually or combined to make a single large suite consisting of 2,703 square feet. Great for medical/dental or any professional application. Plenty of parking. Access from North French Rd. and Sweet Home Rd. Close to shopping and restaurants. Recently remodeled. Also available for sale.


text:
Home News 2013 Directory of Public Officials Now Available
2013 Directory of Public Officials Now Available
REPORT FROM HIPA – The Hawaii Institute for Public Affairs (HIPA) has issued its 2013 Directory of Public Officials. And now, thanks to AT&T, a web-based mobile application will allow smartphone users to download the directory for easy, on-the-go use.
"We're proud to once again publish this directory to facilitate public participation in the legislative process," said William Kaneko, President and CEO of HIPA. "We thank Olomana Loomis ISC and Hawaii Open Data, our technical partners that made this possible, and our numerous sponsors for underwriting the costs of this community service project. In particular, we want to thank AT&T for making possible the mobile app, a first for the directory."
"AT&T has a long history of supporting charities and other worthy causes in Hawaii, and we know this new app will be a great tool for those who need to reach various branches of government for information," said Dan Youmans, regional vice president for AT&T external affairs.
The directory was compiled with the assistance of federal, state and county government staffs that provided the names and contact information of all lawmakers in Hawaii. HIPA printed and will distribute 25,000 booklets; interested parties can pick up free copies at the State Capitol's Public Access Room (Room 401) on the 4th Floor. Sponsors of this year's print directory include Bank of Hawaii, Pacxa, Olelo Community Media, and Service Printers Hawaii. The app can be downloaded by visitingwww.d.hipaonline.com or by scanning the Quick Response (QR) code attached. The same code can also be found on the back cover of the print directory.
HIPA is Hawaii's first independent, nonpartisan organization devoted to fact-based research, issues education and community collaboration. The institute's goal is to improve the quality of life and business in Hawaii by improving public policy. By encouraging informed debate of the immediate and long-term issues facing Hawaii's communities, the institute brings together scholars, policy-makers and the community. This collaborative approach of all major stakeholders creates a forum in which new knowledge, new ideas and new opportunities are created to solve Hawaii's most important issues.
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River Kelvin Angling Association AGM – Major Changes!
The River Kelvin – Future Looking Poor?
Was reading a forum solely dedicated to salmon fishing and they were talking about the Kelvin. One chap mentioned that over the last few years he has witnessed the tributaries full of spawning fish in December – this year nothing! He does have a picture of a diseased hen fish in one of the tributaries.


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Leftist think tank advises Ukip not to bash Islam
Posted	on	 31 January, 2015 by	Jimmy Nicholls
In the wake of the slaughter at Charlie Hebdo in Paris the question of Muslim integration in the West has only become more vexed, but a report from the leftist think tank British Future (BF) is suggesting that it is "unlikely" to play a part in the general election in May.
A survey carried out by the group showed that 58 percent of Britons believed that most Muslims in the UK opposed the extremism and violence of IS, while 12 thought the opposite (the remainder were neutral or did not know).
The poll was conducted in November, some months before the attack on the French satirical magazine, and the question was, even by the admission of BF, rather extreme in nature. Yet it has led the group to conclude that anti-Islamic sentiment is unlikely to feature on the campaign trail.
"There are certainly important public concerns about integration, but explicitly anti-Muslim campaigning could well be both contentious and unpopular."
This has not been the view of Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who told LBC Radio in the days after the Charlie shooting that Britain had been infiltrated by a "fifth column" because of a lack of migrant integration during the past few decades.
His comments are directly addressed in the report, with the authors stating that his anti-Islamic rhetoric might go down well with Ukip supporters but is less effective on others:
"Beyond principled objections about the risks of doing so, it is also clear that this would be more likely to narrow the party's appeal than to extend it."
The dispute highlight the problems fringe parties face in obtaining electoral success, rather than merely making headlines. As Ukip has risen there have been purges of the fruitier members of the party (most notably Godfrey Bloom of "Bongo Bongo Land" fame), the intention being to broaden the party's appeal.
But whether there is electoral wisdom in eschewing the core vote is a contentious thesis. By exorcising the sentiment that the party has built itself on Farage could risk alienating the core supporters of the party, as arguably has been the case with David Cameron's rebranding of the "nasty" Tories.
Only a week ago party secretary Matthew Richardson said that Ukip should stand up for the bigots in society, in a remark later defended as a joking quotation of the Tory MP Eric Forth, but one that tallies with many spontaneous remarks made by minor Ukip players in the last year.
It is also notable that Farage's unpopularity has risen in line with his popularity — which is to say that his strategy hinges on division rather than the "third way" centrism that former prime minister Tony Blair used to win a landslide in 1997.
Despite that there is reason to believe the Kippers will avoid anti-Islamic messages for the most part. Ukip's historic opposition to Europe has meant much of the anti-migrant ire has been directed towards Eastern Europeans.
That Poles, Romanians and Bulgarians have tended to be Christian (and often moreso than their British counterparts) lends the situation a certain irony — indeed reports have emerged of church life that many Kippers harken back to being revitalised because of migration.
But then Ukip are hardly noted for consistency.
Charlie Hebdo, elections, EU, General Election 2015, Islamophobia, Labour, migration, Ukip
Poll shows Labour and Tories could gain from polarised policy
Reporting IS beheadings only spurs on the jihadists. We should stop it


2. Call the midwife. One of my favourite shows ever.
4. Mary Poppins. A childhood favourite & so bloody british!
5. Celebrity Big Brother. I've never found myself so invested in a reality show, but I've become obsessed with this series, its been my guilty pleasure & I'm a bit gutted this series is over.
6. Good Fringe Days. I know you fellow fringe girls know what I'm talking about.
7. Watching my first horror film in a hell of a long time, and not dying in the progress.
8. My 'Avengers' shorts. They may be geeky as hell, but they are officially my favourite item of clothing.
10. The gorgeous shoes I found online on Topshop & having 2 vouchers to spend on them.


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Empowering People of Diverse Backgrounds
with Mark Lee of Detroit - National Association for Multi-Ethnicity in Communications
https://comcastnewsmakers.com:443/Videos/2020/3/3/Empowering-People-of-Diverse-Backgrounds
It's estimated that 60-70 percent of jobs are found through networking. Mark Lee of NAMIC-Detroit joins host Laurel Hess to talk about the importance of networking and bringing together all levels of diversity.
Hosted by: Laurel Hess Produced by: Heartland Newsmakers Team
#Michigan #Community #Economy and Business #Education #General Interest #Government #Health #Local #Science and Technology
Other videos hosted by Laurel Hess
Eliminating barriers for small businesses to grow and thrive in the City of Detr...
Eliminating barriers for small businesses to grow and thrive in the City of Detroit
As Detroit's small business owners continue to face challenging times, there is hope with tools and resources available to help. Pierre Batton, Executive Vice President of Small Business Services for Detroit Economic Growth Corporation and Executive Director of Detroit Means Business joins Laurel Hess to talk about the importance of making Detroit the most inclusive and equitable city for small business development and small business growth in the country.
They went from serving 500 families a week to over 5,000 since the pandemic.
Oakland County Is among the ten highest income counties in the United State with populations over one million people, yet communities in this county are facing several challenges with evictions and food insecurities. More than 20,000 are vulnerable to a crisis. Ryan Hertz, President and CEO of Lighthouse MI joins Laurel Hess to discuss the importance of addressing environmental barriers to ending poverty.
Helping youth through trauma for better opportunities
Children are more vulnerable to trauma because of their size, age and dependence. Kim Glenn, Executive Director of Good Measure Inc is working hard to help youth through trauma so they know somebody cares and is there to help them with their future.
Closing the digital divide in underserved communities
According to Pew Research, 90% say the internet has been essential or important for them personally during the coronavirus outbreak. Zachary Rowe, Executive Director of Friends of Parkside, discusses how they are helping to close the digital divide to residents in Detroit.
Reducing unconscious bias and addressing social determinants
The social determinants of health are the non-medical factors that influence health outcomes. Where individuals live, learn, work, and age, along with socioeconomic status and race, all have a tremendous influence on their health. How are things changing in health care when looking at social determinants? Ewa Matuszewski, CEO of MedNetOne Health Solutions, joins host Laurel Hess to discuss the importance of reducing unconscious bias and addressing social determinants.
Keeper of The Dream Award
They are honoring the legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. through scholarships. Niajah Hood, 2021 Keeper of the Dream Scholarship Recipient and Oakland University Student, joins host Laurel Hess to discuss the importance of the award and what it means to her.
Closing the Racial Equity Gap
According to a 2018 Kellogg study the State of Michigan stood to gain 96 billion dollars if the racial equity gap was closed. Charity Dean, President and CEO of the Metro Detroit Black Business Alliance discusses the importance of closing the racial equity gap.
Creating Opportunities for Black Entrepreneurs in Detroit
Less than 1% of venture capital investments are made in black owned companies in the United States each year. TechTown Detroit is working to identify the barriers that black entrepreneurs have to start businesses, especially in the tech sectors. Ned Staebler, President and CEO of TechTown Detroit talks about Detroit's equitable recovery and the importance of making sure everyone gets to benefit from it.
Ending Generational Poverty Through Mentoring
About 78% of Detroit youth live in high-poverty neighborhoods. Friends of the Children - Detroit is working to end generational poverty through their mentoring program. Their model is evidence-informed and research-based, proven long-term outcomes to show it works. Nicole McKinney, Executive Director of Friends of The Children - Detroit, discusses the importance of mentoring the most vulnerable and their effective model.
Eliminating barriers for small businesses to grow and thrive...


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Think You Might Be a Narcissist? 15 Steps to Stop Narcissistic Behavior
January 18, 2023 by Barrie Davenport
Narcissism is one of the most misused words in our socially and digitally connected world.
Someone confident and even cocky could be wrongly labeled a narcissist, while a covert narcissist could unknowingly lurk inside you.
A person can have narcissistic qualities without actually meeting the criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), one of the ten known personality disorders.
Overcoming narcissism or related traits isn't easy, but you're doing the right thing by researching it since it's not something that goes away on its own.
Categories Personality Types
Are You A Sigma Male? 9 Tests To Help You Know For Sure
The range of male personality types is daunting – but they can help you know yourself better.
Most people are familiar with the concepts of Alpha and Beta males and their characteristics.
These established and studied traits define a man's personality and many of his behaviors.
However, in recent years, other trait categories have emerged.
And while they are not backed by hard science, they give us insight into different male personality types – offering clarity on the sometimes unexplainable male.
While the sigma personality designation is not a proper psychological trait, there is growing anecdotal evidence that the grouping has some validity.
Several modified personality tests are available online to determine if you are a sigma male.
These questionnaires usually detect signs of social interaction, self-autonomy, and independence.
Want to Understand Your Personality? These Are the 13 Best Online Personality Tests
January 23, 2023 January 12, 2023 by Barrie Davenport
Personality tests are more than just recreational or self-improving; you might even run into them on your next job search.
The top online personality tests can expose parts of our personality we don't see or reveal dynamic traits we don't appreciate in ourselves.
The internet allows us to explore the hidden chambers of our character from the privacy of our own homes, but you should use logic and common sense when choosing which personality test to take and which tests to trust.
21 Undeniable Signs Of A Needy Woman
January 16, 2023 January 1, 2023 by Barrie Davenport
Those early days of meeting a girl or starting a relationship with a woman are exciting.
After the initial flush of enthusiasm, however, you notice that she seems abnormally clingy.
Her behavior could quickly get to be worrisome and leave you wondering, "What makes a girl clingy?"
Most of the time, the answer is emotional neediness.
There's no shortage of emotionally needy women in the world.
Many men are emotionally needy too, but they tend to reveal it differently.
Do You Have These 11 Highly Useful Traits of a Hardworking Personality?
November 16, 2022 by Barrie Davenport
In today's work climate, the definition of a hardworking person can be a slippery slope.
People who work hard could tilt the work/life balance scales, but some hardworking people seem to manage to get it all done and still have time for happy hour or a kid's soccer game.
It leaves a big question mark about how hard it is to be hardworking and what we can do to improve our workflow.
15 Of The Best Ways To Thrive With A Reserved Personality
December 17, 2022 November 3, 2022 by Barrie Davenport
Some people believe that having a reserved personality is a negative quality.
But the truth is, there are plenty of benefits to being reserved and many ways to thrive in life with a personality that is more reserved than others.
It can be hard to be the quiet one in the group, mainly because people assume something is wrong and you're upset or that you're quietly judging them.
But if you are reserved, you know it's just because you enjoy listening to other people have a conversation and prefer to give input only when you believe it's useful or necessary.
It's not that you never speak, but most of the time the chatter is happening in your head.
Often reserved people are introverts whose natural personalities lend to a quieter, more thoughtful way of interacting. Does this sound like you?
Let's talk about the personality traits of people who are reserved and some of the best ways to thrive in life with this type of personality.
15 Foolproof Actions To Become A Bolder, More Confident Person
If you've ever met someone with a bold personality, you probably couldn't help admiring them, at least a little.
You knew it wasn't liquid courage, either.
Boldness was their default setting.
So, were they born that way?
Or can you (or anyone) learn how to be bold and confident?
It's a bit of both.
Some folks are just naturally bolder than others.
But being bold—or bolder—is within anyone's reach.
Read on to learn how.
99 Most Common Neutral Personality Traits
November 10, 2022 November 1, 2022 by Barrie Davenport
Think of the last time you had to politely describe a person you didn't quite get along with.
None of the traits you named were 100% positive, but none were negative, either.
The best word to describe them would be "neutral."
You like to think your delivery was neutral, too, but it probably wasn't. (It's hard to hide those feelings.)
Neutral personality traits can make others think you have an enigmatic personality.
Maybe you're trying to hide something, or you like appearing mysterious.
But that's not always the case. Sometimes neutral just fits the moment.
So what exactly are these traits? And how can you use them to your advantage?
Did You Dream Your Partner Cheated On You? 15 Spiritual Meanings Of This Dream January 28, 2023
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95 Of The Most Romantic Wedding Vows That Will Bring Him To Tears January 26, 2023
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Finding the right moving company for your needs when hiring movers in Arlington VA is important. Are you willing to trust your most treasured items to just any moving company? You want the utmost care to be taken with your items, but you also want the best rates and friendly service.
When you know the right questions to ask when hiring movers in Arlington VA, you can ensure the best moving services during this stressful time. Making this big transition in your life can be easy by asking the best questions when hiring movers in Arlington VA!
A well-reputed company that's been in business for years is what you want for your moving services. Companies that are well established in the Arlington VA area make your moving experience easy and hassle-free.
Their years in business will speak for their success—a moving company that doesn't make customers happy and overcharges for their services wouldn't be able to survive in the business. While you're hiring movers in Arlington VA, find out how many years the company in question has been in business—then let their experience tell you if they provide great moving services!
Moving companies that are licensed and insured don't cut corners. They ensure their movers and drivers are protected in the event that something goes wrong. Movers insurance also protects you in case your items are damaged—you'll want to ask how your items are protected and who is responsible for the damage when hiring movers in Arlington VA.
Always be sure to check the company's license number and insurance policy when hiring movers in Arlington VA. License numbers are easily checked online and you can ask for a copy of your mover's insurance policy or call the company to verify they're insured. This protects both you and your moving company!
When hiring movers in Arlington VA, the best price isn't always the lowest one. Some companies will compensate for their lack of licensure or insurance by charging you really low rates—but low rates could mean a high cost to you with damaged or missing items.
Low rates might seem attractive at first, but until you understand what those rates include and what kind of company you're dealing with, look elsewhere. The best moving companies offer competitive rates and provide the best services. While hiring movers in Arlington VA, ask about what exactly their rates cover.
Moving companies that are active in their community tend to treat their customers with care and give back to the places they love and live in. When hiring movers in Arlington VA, a company that's active in the community cares about where they live and the work they do. This means they care about their customers too, because they're an integral part of that community.
Ask what events they participate in, if they donate any of their services, goods, or income, and how they give back to your hometown. When you're hiring movers in Arlington VA, asking about their community involvement is like asking how much they care—and you need a moving company that cares.
When hiring movers in Arlington VA, ask these questions. Your potential hires should have several years in business for substantial experience, be fully licensed and insured, have great rates, and be an active part of the community in which they live and work. Hiring movers in Arlington VA is easy when you know what questions to ask!


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Tim Tebow has clause in TV deal that allows for NFL return
Chase Goodbread
Former Florida Gators star quarterback Tim Tebow, whose NFL career began as the 2010 first-round pick of the Denver Broncos and fizzled with his release by the New England Patriots in August, has been hired by ESPN as a college football analyst for the SEC Network.
However, Tebow reiterated via Twitter that he hasn't yet given up on the dream of playing quarterback on Sundays:
I am so excited that ESPN has given me this incredible opportunity. When I was six years old I fell in love with the game of football and...
— Tim Tebow (@TimTebow) December 30, 2013
…while I continue to pursue my dream of playing quarterback in the NFL, this is an amazing opportunity to be a part of…
…the unparalleled passion of college football and the SEC.
According to NFL Media insider Ian Rapoport, Tebow has an out-clause in his deal with the SEC Network if an NFL club shows interest. Josh McDaniels, who coached Tebow as his offensive coordinator before he was released by the New England Patriots, has been linked to the open head-coaching job with the Cleveland Browns.
Although the SEC Network doesn't launch until August, 2014, Tebow will make his debut with ESPN as part of its pregame coverage of the BCS National Championship Game on Jan. 6 between Florida State and Auburn. The Auburn offense of coach Gus Malzahn is not unlike the scheme Tebow found national championship success with at Florida while quarterback from 2006-2009.
A report at thebiglead.com earlier this month set the stage for Tebow's move to the television side of the football business, as a competition for the former college superstar developed between ESPN, CBS and Fox. It will be interesting to see if Tebow, whose personality has always been unfailingly positive and upbeat, can deliver criticism when warranted -- and at times demanded -- in an analyst role.
Unfortunately for Tebow, there hasn't been nearly as much competition for his services as a quarterback. After being let go by the New York Jets in April following a 2012 season in which his role was very limited, he was picked up by the Patriots in the preseason this year, but was released before the regular season began.
For Tebow, 2013 was his first season away from football. And unless an NFL team looking to add a read-option wrinkle to its offense for 2014 looks his way, his first season back will be in the studio rather than on the field.
Follow Chase Goodbread on Twitter *@ChaseGoodbread*.
Georgia beats Alabama, 33-18, for first NCAA title since 1980 season
Former walk-on quarterback Stetson Bennett and an opportunistic Georgia defense led the Bulldogs to their first national championship since 1980 on Monday night, toppling defending champ Alabama, 33-18, in the College Football Playoff National Championship in Indianapolis.
NFL announces prospects to attend 2022 HBCU combine
Today, the NFL in partnership with the Senior Bowl, announced the names of players that will attend the 2022 Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) Combine presented by Microsoft Surface, which will be held Friday, Jan. 28 - Saturday, Jan. 29, at the University of South Alabama Jaguar Training Center in Mobile, Alabama.
Georgia, Alabama advance to 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship Game
The rematch is on. After routing their respective semifinal opponents, the No. 1 seed Alabama Crimson Tide (13-1) and No. 3 seed Georgia Bulldogs (13-1) will play for the 2022 College Football Playoff National Championship on Monday, Jan. 10, at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Top recruit Travis Hunter spurns Florida State to commit to Deion Sanders, Jackson State
Deion Sanders' impact on Jackson State, and HBCU football at large, reached a new level on Wednesday as the nation's No. 1-ranked recruit signed with the Tigers.
Alabama QB Bryce Young wins 2021 Heisman Trophy
Alabama quarterback Bryce Young became the second consecutive Crimson Tide player to win the Heisman Trophy on Saturday night, adding an exclamation point to his sensational first season as a starter.
Grambling State to hire Hue Jackson as next head coach
Former Raiders and Browns coach Hue Jackson landed another big-time gig, this time in the college ranks. Tom Pelissero reports that Jackson agreed to terms late Thursday night on a four-year contract to become the new head coach at Grambling State.
Lincoln Riley details why he left Oklahoma for USC: 'We can build one of the best rosters in the country'
The scuttlebutt long had been if Lincoln Riley was going to leave Oklahoma it would be for the NFL. The Cowboys expressed interest after jettisoning Jason Garrett following the 2019 season, and have other teams in recent years. Riley, thus, shocked and shook up the sport last week when he departed Oklahoma for USC.
Oregon DE Kayvon Thibodeaux declares for 2022 NFL Draft
Kayvon Thibodeaux is officially headed for the NFL. The Oregon defensive end announced via social media he has declared for the 2022 NFL Draft.
College Football Playoff: Five NFL draft takeaways from final rankings
The College Football Playoff semifinal matchups are set. What will NFL scouts be watching for in the two games? Dan Parr provides five takeaways.
Brian Kelly leaves Notre Dame to be head coach at LSU
After 12 seasons at Notre Dame, Brian Kelly was named LSU's next head football coach, the school announced Tuesday.
Florida parts ways with head coach Dan Mullen after four seasons
The University of Florida fired head coach Dan Mullen on Sunday after a four-year tenure. Mullen joined the Gators from Mississippi State ahead of the 2018 campaign and led Florida to a 34-15 record over his four seasons in Gainesville.
USC WR Drake London (ankle) out for remainder of season
USC's Drake London will miss the remainder of the 2021 season after suffering a broken ankle, the school announced.


NASA Curiosity Rover Successfully Lands on Mars!
NASA announced today that the Curiosity Rover made a successful landing on Mars! This landing was the first of it's kind for NASA. It combined a heat shield, a parachute and a rocket crane designed to hover over the landing site and lower the rover by cable to the Martian surface. Talk about some crazy great engineering! To top it off, it all had to be done by computer – no human operator involved in the landing.
So Just How Big is the Planet Mars?
Have you ever wondered just how big is the planet Mars? Well, wonder no more! Mars has a diameter of 6,792 km or 4,221 miles. The diameter of Mars is about 1/2 that of Earth's diameter.
What is the Closest Planet to Earth – Mars, Venus, or Mercury?
Planet Earth is the third planet closes to the sun. Using the old saying, "My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas," it can be remembered that the order of the planets goes like this: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto (if you consider it to be a planet). Accordingly, it would seem as though either Venus or Mars would be the closes planet to Earth. But which is it?
Mars is one of the closest planets to Earth, and we are starting to focus more and more resources on research and observing it. Detailed pictures of the surface of planet Mars are starting to emerge, and it seems as though human exploration of the planet is possible in the somewhat near future. Here are 8 awesome pictures of the surface of planet Mars to give you a better idea of what Mars looks like up close.
Since the last post focused on the Planet Mars, I thought it would be worth highlighting the two tiny moons that light up the Martian night sky. The names of the moons of Mars are Phobos and Deimos.


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OHCHR > English > Your Human Rights > Reprisals > OHCHR's work on reprisals
OHCHR's work on reprisals
By supporting the Secretary-General and Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights, OHCHR leads UN efforts to prevent and address intimidation and reprisals against those who cooperate with the UN.
What is the role of the Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights?
In 2016, the Secretary-General announced that he had designated the Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights to lead the efforts within the UN system to address intimidation and reprisals. These build on and complement existing efforts by UN actors, and include strengthened engagement with Member States and other key interlocutors.
Andrew Gilmour first served in this role (2016-2019), followed by Ilze Brands Kehris (2020-present).
The Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights, with the support of OHCHR, engages with the United Nations system, Member States and other stakeholders to improve the collection of information on such abuses, and identify good practices, challenges and opportunities. He or she also advises the Secretary-General and the High Commissioner how to ensure coordinated and strengthened UN system-wide action to prevent and address reprisals.
The Assistant Secretary-General focuses on the following areas to:
Develop and implement a more comprehensive system to prevent and address intimidation and reprisals throughout the UN system, including by providing guidance as well as improving and coordinating the UN response;
Enhance high-level engagement on reprisals, including on how to prevent reprisals, and ensuring action on urgent cases. This is pursued through a constructive dialogue with all stakeholders, in particular with Member States and civil society;
Ensure cooperation with all actors involved. Recognizing and welcoming ongoing activities by various actors on reprisals, the work of the Assistant Secretary-General is integrated into, complements and strengthens efforts already underway
Why is the issue of reprisals important for the UN?
The UN – and particularly its human rights bodies and mechanisms supported/serviced by OHCHR– relies on the cooperation of the people it serves. Individuals and groups engaging with the UN provide valuable on-the-ground insights and information, alert the UN system to evolving situations, and push for relevant action to be taken.
The freedom to engage with the UN is a basic exercise of fundamental freedoms and human rights of all, and must be respected and protected. When those engaging with the UN face intimidation, threats, imprisonment and worse for doing so, we all lose, and the credibility of the UN is damaged. The UN as a whole has a collective responsibility to stop and prevent these reprehensible acts.
In 2016, the Secretary-General publicly noted his concern over the increase in reprisals and intimidation against people cooperating with the UN on human rights, stating the following:
"Such acts undermine the effectiveness and credibility of the UN, and are an attack on the Organization itself. These courageous individuals are often our only eyes and ears in extremely tough environments – and we owe them our best possible support."
- Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary-General, Press conference
How is the UN system addressing reprisals?
"More than ever, this issue should be a priority and a core responsibility of the Organization. I reiterate my call on all United Nations entities to be vigilant and engaged on this issue."
-UN Secretary-General, A/HRC/42/30, para. 93.
The UN is stepping up its efforts to ensure a firm, coordinated and coherent response to reprisals. UN actors, especially principals and heads of field presences, play a key role, as they are the primary interlocutors and voices of the UN at country level. Many are already vigilant to trends and cases of reprisals, and engage when incidents occur to ensure protection, remedies and accountability for victims.
In December 2019, former Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights, Andrew Gilmour, addressed a letter to the UN system inviting the consideration of the following:
To encourage more systemized analysis and response, designate a UN staff focal point in UN entities, departments or missions for the sharing of information/experiences.
To better capture the work of the UN system on this issue, share policy developments and good practices in seeking to prevent and respond to intimidation and reprisals.
To better prepare the annual reports of the Secretary-General, keep documenting trends and cases, and action taken at country level to protect individuals and groups. (See guidelines for submission of information on cases and patterns)
The OHCHR reprisals team stands ready to support efforts towards a more comprehensive and coordinated UN system wide response. Internal guidance for UN staff to better prevent and address intimidation and reprisals globally has been produced.
OHCHR and reprisals
About reprisals and human rights
OHCHR's work on acts of intimidation and reprisals
How to submit information on intimidation and reprisals
Good practices to prevent and address reprisals
Role of key UN human rights mechanisms
General Assembly events