text:
Cross River Gorilla
by Wild Wood
The Cross River Gorilla is handmade with an ebony wood frame and stainless steel feature.
It's coupled with a TAC polarized lens offering UV400 protection.
Comes with a handmade natural bamboo case and microfiber cloth.
AN ECO-FRIENDLY BRAND WITH A DRIVE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS
Not simply content to use reclaimed wood to produce our sunglasses we've also named each style after an endangered species to help raise awareness of these amazing animals through our products. Even if the impact is equivalent to a drop in the ocean from a small business like ours, at least it's a start.
From September 2016 we have also teamed up with The Nature Conservancy by planting one tree through their 'Plant a Billion' campaign for every product we sell. 1 sale = 1 planted tree.
The Wild Wood mission is to combine the elements of nature with excellent design and a touch of craftsmanship from our talented team of creators. Based in Dubai, we're looking to drive eco-friendly fashion in a region where the environment isn't always considered as a priority.
At Wild Wood each of our sunglasses include high quality polarized lenses offering top class UV400 protection, fused with a natural wood frame, making for a truly unique product.
We don't position ourselves as a product brand however, but more of a lifestyle brand focusing on nature and the outdoors. Our communication strategy is based on inspiring people to take on a new adventure, explore new countries, and make the most of nature and outdoor living.
Storiesfashion LLC, UAE - Authorized retailer for Wild Wood , in Middle East
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text:
Ralph Vaughan Williams - Complete Chronological Catalogue on Spotify
"One of the leading English composers of his generation, Vaughan Williams was a pupil of Parry, Charles Wood and Stanford, and later of Bruch and Ravel. In his work as a composer he went some way towards creating a specifically English musical idiom, influenced by his interest in folksong but coloured by his own personal vision and language.
The stage music of Vaughan Williams includes the Shakespearean opera Sir John in Love (based on The Merry Wives of Windsor), the masque for dancing Job, and The Pilgrim's Progress. Incidental music for the theatre includes music for The Wasps by Aristophanes, from which the overture is often heard. He also wrote a number of film scores.
Vaughan Williams wrote nine symphonies, the first A Sea Symphony for solo singers, chorus and orchestra (with words taken from Walt Whitman), the second A London Symphony, and the third Pastoral Symphony. The Sixth Symphony, completed in its first version in 1947, seemed to break new ground and was followed by a seventh, the Sinfonia antartica, that had its origin in a film soundtrack.
Compositions by Vaughan Williams for solo instrument and orchestra include the pastoral romance The Lark Ascending for solo violin and a Concerto accademico for solo violin and string orchestra. There is an attractive Oboe Concerto and two concertos unusual in their solo instrument: one for harmonica and the other for bass tuba. Flos campi uses a viola and is scored also for small choir and chamber orchestra.
Suites etc.
Vaughan Williams made direct use of folksong in, among other works, his three Norfolk Rhapsodies, his Fantasia on Greensleeves for solo flute, harp and strings, and his English Folksong Suite for military band. His Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis for two string orchestras returns to the 16th century for its musical inspiration.
Choral and Vocal Music
Vaughan Williams made a substantial contribution to English choral and vocal repertoire in compositions that include the fine Serenade to Music, completed in 1938. Other compositions range from hymn tunes to an oratorio, from folksong arrangements to the evocative On Wenlock Edge, a setting of poems by A.E. Housman.
Vaughan Williams wrote relatively little chamber music and even less music for piano. His organ pieces, however, provide a few useful repertoire items.
Theatre and Film Music
The incidental music Vaughan Williams provided for the theatre was principally for a series of Shakespearean productions in 1913, when he was musical director at Stratford-upon-Avon for Sir Frank Benson's company. From 1940 onwards he provided music for a number of films." - Introduction from Naxos
This playlist was compiled after the work list on AllMusic (sorted by year), plus a few works that are not listed there, like the Bucolic Suite, and Dark Pastoral. Different editions and arrangements by the composer are also featured: 1920 version of A London Symphony, 2008 edition of Symphony No.5, original version of Symphony No.6 (premier recording by Stokowski), original version of The Lark Ascending (for violin and piano), the composer's arrangement of his pupil Patrick Hadley's Fen and Flood, and more. The Wasps are presented with the popular suite, and the complete incidental music (about 100 minutes). The lovely Serenade To Music comes in three versions: 16 soloists, 4 soloists, and orchestra alone. At the end of the playlist there are some recordings of the composer's speeches, and a excerpt from his funeral service.
Get this collection in one Spotify playlist: Ralph Vaughan Williams - Complete Chronological Catalogue (755 tracks, 55 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view.
Vaughan Williams arranged many English hymns and carols, you can press Ctrl (CMD) + F and input hymn, or carol, or Christmas, to look for seasonal music in this playlist.
Labels: 1 Composer 1 Playlist, Vaughan Williams Ralph
100 Songs From 100 Outstanding 2012 Albums You Might Have Missed
If you already know your Funs and Frank Oceans, you probably do not need another "Best of 2012" playlist, except for this one.
Amazon editors: "We listen to a lot of music, and there are a lot of amazing, overlooked albums that we feel passionate about that just could't make our year-end list. And while we can't shine a spotlight on all of our favorite hidden gems of 2012, we have managed to put together a list of outstanding 2012 albums you might have missed (CDs | MP3s). To help you explore, we've assembled a playlist featuring a favorite song from each. Hit preview all and dig for more when you've found a new favorite."
Get this collection in one Spotify playlist: Amazon - Songs from 2012 Albums You Might Have Missed (94 tracks from 94 available albums, total time: 5 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view. See this Amazon page for album list and reviews. Album No. 36, 65, 69, 74, 83, and 87 not on Spotify yet.
If you prefer to have all the full albums in one place, here's another playlist: Amazon - 100 Outstanding 2012 Albums You Might Have Missed (1159 tracks, 94 albums plus some Spotify exclusive content like track-by-track commentary albums, total time: 68 hours).
Labels: Amazon Playlists, Pop, Themed Playlist
Verdi auf Deutsch - Verdi Sung in German
"Historically, in the 1950s and 60s, it was very common on the Opera stages and in recording studios to sing Italian Operas in German. The Verdi: Sung in German recordings produced by EMI Electrola between 1953 and 1973 are still just as legendary today with stars such as Nicolai Gedda, Rudolf Schock, Brigitte Fassbaender, Josef Metternich, and Gottlob Frick. For the first time, these recordings are available in a 10 CD-Box creating a unique chapter of German recording-history. Verdi: Sung in German is a wonderful set of performances featuring Verdi s stellar works. This 10-CD Box shows the true talents of one of the most prolific composers in the history of classical music. Verdi: Sung in German includes many of Verdi s most famous operas as Rigoletto, Ein Maskenball, Aida and Der Troubadour. The 10th disc in this set entitled Single Shots is a collection works from operas like Aroldo, DieMacht des Schicksals, Don Carlos and La Traviata. This set features some of the most talented voices in classical opera such as Erika Köth, Marcel Cordes, Rudolf Schock and Alfred Germont (this blogger: someone mistook Violetta's lover for a singer). These pieces capture the essence of Verdi s amazing talent as a composer." - Amazon
Get this collection in one Spotify playlist: EMI - Verdi auf Deutsch (165 tracks, total time: 10 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view. See my previous 90-hour playlist for the Complete Verdi.
Labels: 1 Label 1 Playlist, EMI/Virgin Classics Series, Verdi Giuseppe
Darius Milhaud - Complete Chronological Collection
"Darius Milhaud was a French composer and teacher. He was a member of Les Six - also known as The Group of Six - and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and make use of polytonality." - Wikipedia
"Stage Works
Darius Milhaud wrote a considerable amount of music for the theatre (operas, ballets and incidental music) as well as film and radio scores. Collaboration with Claudel brought the opera Christophe Colombe and incidental music for plays ranging from those of Shakespeare to the work of contemporaries such as Brecht, Supervielle, Giraudoux and Anouilh. With Cocteau he wrote the ballets Le Boeuf sur le Toit ('The Ox on the Roof') and the jazz La Création du Monde ('The Creation of the World'). These represent only a small fraction of his dramatic work.
Milhaud was equally prolific as a composer of orchestral music of all kinds, including 12 symphonies and a variety of concertos, some of which reflect the influence of his native Provence.
Milhaud also contributed widely to the repertoire of French song. His settings (both choral and solo voice with piano) are of texts from a great variety of sources, including Rabindranath Tagore, André Gide, and the words of Pope John XXIII (the last in a choral symphony Pacem in terris). He contributed to Cocteau's Les Mariés de la tour Eiffel and, as a gesture, set to music an agricultural appliance catalogue. Other works reflect his Jewish background.
Milhaud wrote 18 string quartets and provided useful additions to duo sonata repertoire, not least for the viola. His Quatre Visages of 1943 for viola and piano comprises musical representations of four different kinds of girls. For wind quintet he composed the charming suite La Cheminée du Roi René, and for oboe, clarinet and bassoon he wrote the attractive Pastorale. The works show his characteristically French adroitness in writing for woodwind instruments.
Two works in particular have proved attractive additions to repertoire. The first, Saudades do Brasil, a suite for piano, is based on music heard in Brazil during the composer's stay there between 1916 and 1918. Scaramouche, arranged for two pianos from incidental music for Molière's Le Médécin volant, is a lively jeu d'esprit, in the spirit of the commedia dell'arte character of the title. La Muse ménagère ('The Domestic Muse') reflects the necessary wartime attempts at house-keeping by his actress wife." - Naxos
Get all available works in one Spotify playlist: Darius Milhaud - Complete Chronological Collection (664 tracks, total time: 37 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view. Difference arrangements, like four version of Scaramouche, are also included. For a complete list of works see this Wikipedia page.
Milhaud's notable students include: Ben Johnston, Steve Reich, Iannis Xenakis, and Dave Brubeck.
Labels: 1 Composer 1 Playlist, French Composers, Milhaud Darius
Notable Spotify Playlists of 2012
1. Radio Rambler and Radio Rambler - previously played
Contemporary classical gems, handpicked by Tim Rutherford-Johnson. Regularly updated. Originally published on his blog.
2. THE AWL'S "DIFFICULT LISTENING HOUR" 100 SPOTIFY TRACKS FROM 2012
Curated by Seth Colter Walls, a great mix of multiple genres. Originally published on The Awl.
3. The "complete" John Coltrane and Sonny Rollins
Chronological collection of the jazz greats, sorted by recording sessions. Originally published by Fernando Ortiz de Urbina on his blog.
4. Indie Classical
Originally published on Pitchfork.
5. NPR - Top 50 Albums of 2012
Selected by NPR, playlist compiled by Marty Gregwah.
6. Radiohead Office Charts
Fan-made playlist, after the Office Chart posted by the band on Dead Air Space. From John Luther Adams to J Dilla. Regularly updated.
7. Delos 2012 New Releases and The Delos Catalog
Curated by Delos, "The Great American Label". Their releases cover the easy-to-access classics, core repertoire and edgy new music almost equally well, and their official site is truly impressive and useful.
8. Do I have to make it 10? I must confess that I spent much more time compiling playlists other than looking for them. If you like, please select three more from my over 300 playlists!
Happy listening. Suggestions would be much appreciated.
Labels: Themed Playlist
2013 Grammy Classical Nominees on Spotify
2013 Grammy Classical Nominees:
Best Orchestral Performance
Adams: Harmonielehre & Short Ride In A Fast Machine - Michael Tilson Thomas, Conductor (San Francisco Symphony)
Mahler: Symphony No. 1 - Iván Fischer, Conductor (Budapest Festival Orchestra)
Music For A Time Of War - Carlos Kalmar, Conductor (Oregon Symphony)
Rachmaninov: Symphonic Dances - Valery Gergiev, Conductor (London Symphony Orchestra)
Sibelius: Symphonies Nos. 2 & 5 - Osmo Vänskä, conductor (Minnesota Orchestra)
Best Opera Recording
Berg: Lulu - Michael Boder, Conductor; Paul Groves, Ashley Holland, Julia Juon & Patricia Petibon; Johannes Müller, Producer (Symphony Orchestra Of The Gran Teatre Del Liceu)
Handel: Agrippina - René Jacobs, Conductor; Marcos Fink, Sunhae Im, Bejun Mehta, Alexandrina Pendatchanska & Jennifer Rivera (Akademie Für Alte Musik Berlin)
Stravinsky: The Rake's Progress - Vladimir Jurowski, Conductor; Topi Lehtipuu, Miah Persson & Matthew Rose; Johannes Müller, Producer (London Philharmonic Orchestra; Glyndebourne Chorus)
Vivaldi: Teuzzone - Jordi Savall, Conductor; Delphine Galou, Paolo Lopez, Roberta Mameli, Raffaella Milanesi & Furio Zanasi (Le Concert Des Nations)
Wagner: Der Ring Des Nibelungen - James Levine & Fabio Luisi, Conductors; Hans-peter König, Jay Hunter Morris, Bryn Terfel & Deborah Voigt; Jay David Saks, Producer (The Metropolitan Opera Orchestra; The Metropolitan Opera Chorus)
Best Choral Performance
Handel: Israel In Egypt - Julian Wachner, Conductor (Trinity Baroque Orchestra; Trinity Choir Wall Street)
Life & Breath - Choral Works By René Clausen - Charles Bruffy, Conductor (Matthew Gladden, Lindsey Lang, Rebecca Lloyd, Sarah Tannehill & Pamela Williamson; Kansas City Chorale)
Ligeti: Requiem; Apparitions; San Francisco Polyphony - Peter Eötvös, Conductor (Barbara Hannigan & Susan Parry; Wdr Sinfonieorchester Köln; Swr Vokalensemble Stuttgart & Wdr Rundfunkchor Köln)
The Nightingale - Stephen Layton, Conductor (Michala Petri; Danish National Vocal Ensemble)
Striggio: Mass For 40 & 60 Voices - Hervé Niquet, Conductor (Le Concert Spirituel)
Chamber Music/Small Ensemble Performance
Americana - Modern Mandolin Quartet
Meanwhile - Eighth Blackbird
Mind Meld - Zofo Duet
Profanes Et Sacrées - Boston Symphony Chamber Players
Rupa-khandha - Los Angeles Percussion Quartet
Classical Instrumental Solo
Bach: Das Wohltemperierte Clavier - András Schiff
The Complete Harpsichord Works Of Rameau - Jory Vinikour
Gál & Elgar: Cello Concertos - Claudio Cruz, Conductor; Antonio Meneses (Northern Sinfonia)
Holst: The Planets - Hansjörg Albrecht
Kurtág & Ligeti: Music For Viola - Kim Kashkashian
Classical Vocal Solo
Debussy: Clair De Lune - Natalie Dessay (Henri Chalet; Philippe Cassard, Karine Deshayes & Catherine Michel; Le Jeune Coeur De Paris)
Homecoming: Kansas City Symphony Presents Joyce Didonato - Joyce Didonato (Michael Stern; Kansas City Symphony)
Paris Days, Berlin Nights - Ute Lemper (Stefan Malzew & Vogler Quartet)
Poémes - Renée Fleming (Alan Gilbert & Seiji Ozawa; Orchestre National De France & Orchestre Philharmonique De Radio France)
Sogno Barocco - Anne Sofie Von Otter (Leonardo García Alarcón; Sandrine Piau & Susanna Sundberg; Ensemble Cappella Mediterranea)
Classical Compendium
Partch: Bitter Music - Partch, Ensemble; John Schneider, Producer
Penderecki: Fonogrammi; Horn Concerto; Partita; The Awakening Of Jacob; Anaklasis - Antoni Wit, Conductor; Aleksandra Nagórko & Andrzej Sasin, Producers
Une Fête Baroque - Emmanuelle Haïm, Conductor; Daniel Zalay, Producer
Contemporary Classical Composition
Hartke, Stephen: Meanwhile - Incidental Music To Imaginary Puppet Plays Stephen Hartke, Composer (eighth blackbird)
León, Tania: Inura For Voices, Strings & Percussion - Tania León, Composer (Tania León, Son Sonora Voices, Dancebrazil Percussion & Son Sonora Ensemble)
Praulins, Ugis: The Nightingale - Ugis Praulins, Composer (Stephen Layton, Michala Petri & Danish National Vocal Ensemble)
Rautavaara, Einojuhani: Cello Concerto No. 2 'towards The Horizon' - Einojuhani Rautavaara, Composer (Truls ørk, John Storgárds & Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra)
Stucky, Steven: August 4, 1964 - Steven Stucky, Composer; Gene Scheer, Librettist (Jaap Van Zweden, Dallas Symphony Chorus & Orchestra)
Best Engineered Album, Classical
Americana - Daniel Shores, Engineer; Daniel Shores, Mastering Engineer (Modern Mandolin Quartet)
Beethoven: The Late String Quartets, Op. 127 & 131 - Bruce Egre, Engineer (Brentano String Quartet)
Life & Breath - Choral Works By René Clausen - Tom Caulfield & John Newton, Engineers; Mark Donahue, Mastering Engineer (Charles Bruffy & Kansas City Chorale)
Music For A Time Of War - Jesse Lewis & John Newton, Engineers; Jesse Brayman, Mastering Engineer (Carlos Kalmar & The Oregon Symphony)
Souvenir - Morten Lindberg, Engineer; Morten Lindberg, Mastering Engineer (trondheimsolistene)
Producer Of The Year, Classical
Blanton Alspaugh
Tim Handley
Marina Ledin, Victor Ledin
James Mallinson
Dan Merceruio
Get all available recordings on Spotify in one Spotify playlist: 2013 Grammy Classical Nominees (491 tracks, total time: 37 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view.
Labels: Grammy Classical, Themed Playlist
Classical Music for Children: Delos Young People's Series on Spotify
The beautifully produced Young People's Series from Delos Music is designed to introduce the very young to the sounds of great classical music. Unlike most other "classical for babies" products, it was brought together with great care, and style. Praises for this series include:
"One of the highest quality 'children's' series I have seen in a long time. A wonderful way to introduce children to classical music." - The Family Times
"The perfect gift among recordings for introducing a child to the intimacies and universality of music… My eight-year-old daughter Rachel recommends it, and I concur." - Fanfare
"Your children will love this very witty and engaging disc… Fast-paced and clever, these stories are the ideal meeting of words and music - not only the zippy and appropriate scores, but also the sly insinuations and the vocal metamorphoses of the narrators…This is one Christmas present you won't find broken underneath the tree by Dec. 26." - The Seattle Times
Get this collection in one Spotify playlist: Delos - Young People's Series (Great Classical Music for Children) (475 tracks, total time: 32 hours). Ctrl (CMD) + G to browse in album view. See this page for an overview of the albums, and here for more info.
Labels: 1 Label 1 Playlist
Ralph Vaughan Williams - Complete Chronological Ca...
100 Songs From 100 Outstanding 2012 Albums You Mig...
Darius Milhaud - Complete Chronological Collection...
Classical Music for Children: Delos Young People's...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
A Moral Reckoning
Title: A Moral Reckoning
Subject: Pope Pius XII, Antisemitism and the New Testament, John Cornwell (writer), Dual-covenant theology, Hitler's Willing Executioners, La Civiltà Cattolica, Michael F. Feldkamp
Daniel Jonah Goldhagen
history, Holocaust
Knopf (1st edition, hardcover)
October 29, 2002 (1st edition, hardcover)
Hardcover, Paperback
384 pages (1st edition, hardcover)
ISBN 0-375-41434-7 (1st edition, hardcover)
940.53/18/08822 21
LC Classification
BX1378 .G57 2002
A Moral Reckoning, by Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, who also authored Hitler's Willing Executioners, is a 2003 American non-fiction book examining the Roman Catholic Church's role in the Holocaust. More fully titled A Moral Reckoning: The Role of the Catholic Church in the Holocaust and Its Unfulfilled Duty of Repair, the book offers a review of scholarship in English addressing what Goldhagen argues is antisemitism throughout the history of the Church, which the book claims contributed substantially to the persecution of the Jews during World War II.
The book recommends several significant steps which might be taken by the Church to make reparation for its alleged role. A Moral Reckoning received mixed reviews and was the subject of considerable controversy regarding allegations of inaccuracies and anti-Catholic bias.[1][2]
3 Legal controversy
5 Partial publication history
Goldhagen, the son of a Holocaust survivor, first engaged in serious academic discourse concerning the Holocaust following a lecture he attended as a student of Harvard University in 1983.[3] He gained prominence in the field with the publication of 1996's Hitler's Willing Executioners, which met acclaim and controversy, particularly in Germany.[4] The Journal for German and International Politics awarded him the Democracy Prize in 1997. In awarding the prize for the first time since 1990, the Journal wrote "Because of the penetrating quality and the moral power of his presentation, Daniel Goldhagen has greatly stirred the consciousness of the German public."[5]
Invited by The New Republic to review several books concerning Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust.[6] Goldhagen was inspired to write a review of the literature concerning the question of the "culture of antisemitism" in the Catholic Church prior to Vatican II and its impact on the Holocaust.[7] His impressions first appeared as a lengthy essay in the January 21, 2002 edition of The New Republic entitled "What Would Jesus Have Done? Pope Pius XII, the Catholic Church, and the Holocaust" before their publication by Knopf in extended book form as A Moral Reckoning.[8]
In the New York Times, book reviewer Geoffrey Wheatcroft said that A Moral Reckoning (2003) presents an indictment of the Roman Catholic Church comparable to Goldhagen's indictment of Germany in Hitler's Willing Executioners (1996), saying that "both as an international institution under the leadership of Pope Pius XII (1939–58), and at national levels in many European countries, the Church was deeply implicated in the appalling genocide. . . . Just as Germans had been carefully taught to hate the Jews, to the point that they could readily torment and kill them, so had Catholics";[9] that author Goldhagen "sees a deep vein of Jew-hatred ingrained within Catholic tradition; and he does not think that there was any difference of kind, between that old religious Jew-hatred and the murderous racial antisemitism of the twentieth century".[9]
In a 2003, in The Atlantic magazine, interviewer Jennie Rothenberg Gritz quoted Goldhagen saying that "moral issues" are the "principal substance" of A Moral Reckoning,[6] that his concern was a "consideration of culpability and repair".[6] In a letter to the editor of The New York Times, Goldhagen said that "the book's real content" is in "setting forth general principles for moral repair from which I derive concrete proposals for the Church".[10] Donald Dietrich, author of God and Humanity in Auschwitz: Jewish-Christian Relations and Sanctioned Murder, and a Boston College professor of Theology specializing in Holocaust studies, said that Goldhagen "asks the Catholic Church a question: 'What must a religion of love and goodness do to confront its history of hatred and harm, to make amends with its victims, and to right itself so that it is no longer the source of hatred and harm that, whatever its past, it would no longer endorse?' He has attempted to analyze the moral culpability of Catholics and their leaders, to judge the actors, and to discern how today's Catholics can make material, political and moral restitution".[7]
Goldhagen's book suggests that the Church owes financial reparation and support to Jews and the State of Israel and should change its doctrine and the accepted Biblical canon to excise statements he labels as antisemitic and to indicate that "The Jews' way to God is as legitimate as the Christian way".[1] Failing this, the author proposes disclaimers in every Christian Bible to annotate antisemitic passages and acknowledge them as having led to injury against Jews.[1]
Legal controversy
In 2002, the book's German publisher—Siedler Verlag, a sister company of Random House—was sued by the archdiocese of Munich as a result of the misidentification of a photograph, falsely asserting the presence of Michael Cardinal von Faulhaber, whom Rabbi David G. Dalin calls "a famous opponent of the Nazis",[11] at a Nazi rally.[4] The picture actually depicted Apostolic Nuncio to Germany Cesare Orsenigo participating in a May Day labor parade in Munich — not a Nazi rally in Berlin.[12]
In October 2002, the district court of Munich required the publisher to withdraw the book or correct the copies,[4] but in spite of the disclosure of the error in Germany, the book was released in English by Knopf with the error intact.[12] A representative of the archdiocese said with regards to the mislabeled photograph that "The implication is that Cardinal Faulhaber was an associate of the Nazis. When one writes about these things, one should be more precise about the truth".[4]
Goldhagen, who acknowledged that the photo wrongly identified the figure and location, described the lawsuit as a crude diversionary tactic to displace focus from the real issues.[4] Goldhagen stated that the photograph was misidentified by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, from which the picture was obtained.[13] Religious commentator and former priest Paul Collins characterized the mislabeling of the photograph as inexcusable,[14] while The New York Times reported that most historians agreed that "a single mislabeled photo in a 346-page book is a minor error".[4]
Critical reception
Although A Moral Reckoning was favorably reviewed in The Spectator,[15] Kirkus Reviews,[16] The San Francisco Chronicle,[17] and given a generally favorable overview ahead of an interview in The Atlantic,[6] it was also subject to substantial criticism, even among some of those reviewers who found aspects of the work praiseworthy. The International Social Science Review, which described the book as a "seminal work" and a "valuable introduction to and synthesis of the literature on church and state during the Holocaust", also indicated that the message of the book is "diluted by stylistic problems".[18] New York Times reviewer Geoffrey Wheatcroft praised Goldhagen's assembly of "an impressive body of evidence" but criticized his repetitiveness, his "misinterpreting the record" and his use of it to promote a particular view, which Wheatcroft deems appropriate for an advocate but reprehensible in a historian.[9] Dietrich, whose review lauded Goldhagen for asking "many of the proper seminal questions", mirrored Wheatcroft's concerns about repetitiveness, misunderstandings and polemics, specifically suggesting that "[r]eaders must be sure to also review the footnotes since in many cases he contextually and theologically nuances his book's claims only there".[7]
John Cornwell, author of Hitler's Pope: The Secret History of Pius XII (1999), praised Daniel Goldhagen's "excellent job in exposing the propagandistic hagiography of recent defenders of Pius XII, especially their tendency to confuse diplomatic eulogy with historical fact", but said that Goldhagen errs in identifying a key Vatican figure an antisemite, a misrepresentation he thinks "can only provide ammunition for the Pius XII lobby".[19][20] The journalist Gritz noted that Goldhagen "does not cushion his criticisms of the Church in diplomatic language", that "even philosophy professor John K. Roth, who favorably reviewed A Moral Reckoning in The Los Angeles Times, said that the adjectives "unpretentious . . . indecisive . . . moderate . . . patient" do not come to mind when reading Goldhagen.[6] Another book review in The New York Times said that A Moral Reckoning is an "impressive and disturbing bill of indictment against" the Roman Catholic Church, yet its imbalanced perspective results in "turning history into a kind of cudgel".[21]
In summer of 2002, before its publication, Ronald Rychlak, author of Hitler, the War, and the Pope, decried it as factually incorrect, releasing a lengthy catalog of corrections to Goldhagen's essay "What Would Jesus Have Done?"[8] After the book's publication, Rychlak published a review in the journal Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions, again pointing out factual errors, and criticizing the book's tone and conclusions.[22] Following the book's publication, Rabbi Dalin and J. Bottum, later co-authors along with William Doino of The Pius War: Responses to the Critics of Pius XII,[23] in separate articles for The Weekly Standard denounced it as failing "to meet even the minimum standards of scholarship" and "filled with factual errors".[11][24][25] In his review, Paul Collins indicated that the purpose of the book was undermined by poor editing, incoherence and redundancy.[14] Mark Riebling of National Review, who described himself as an admirer of Goldhagen's first book, called A Moral Reckoning "a 352-page exercise in intellectual bad manners" and "a spree of intellectual wilding".[1]
In reply to the charge of historical inaccuracy, Daniel Goldhagen said that the "central contours" of A Moral Reckoning: The Role of the Catholic Church in the Holocaust and its Unfulfilled Duty of Repair (2002) are accurate, because the book's title and first page communicate its purpose of moral analysis, not historical analysis.[6] He stated that he has invited to no avail European Church representatives to present their own historical account in discussing morality and reparation.[6]
Opponents labelled Goldhagen as a "anti-Catholic", as promoting an anti-Catholic agenda. Bottum wrote that its "errors of fact combine to create a set of historical theses about the Nazis and the Catholic Church so tendentious that not even Pius XII's most determined belittlers have dared to assert them. And, in Goldhagen's final chapters, the bad historical theses unite to form a complete anti-Catholicism the likes of which we haven't seen since the elderly H.G. Wells decided Catholicism was the root of all evil".[24] In the Catholic News Service, Eugene J. Fisher, the Associate Director of the Secretariat for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, said that Goldhagen avoided original research, as "such methodological and factual considerations would definitely get in the way of the demonic portrait of the Church that he seeks to paint".[26]
In the book The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice, Philip Jenkins said that A Moral Reckoning, along with anti-Catholic conspiracy theories and other "anti-Church historical polemic", belongs to the pseudohistory category of books about anti-Catholic "mythic history", historical manipulation, and national demonization, such as the Black Legend about Spain, said that publishers publish such books because the sell many copies, not because they mean to "destroy or calumniate Catholicism".[27] Furthermore, Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights president William A. Donohue, said that Daniel Goldhagen "hasn't a clue about Catholicism", that he "separates himself" from other critics of Pope Pius XII "by demanding that the Catholic Church implode: he wants the Church to refigure its teachings, liturgy, and practices to such an extent that no one would recognize a trace of Catholicism in this new construction. That is why Goldhagen is not simply against Pope Pius XII: he is an inveterate anti-Catholic bigot".[28] Moreover, Rabbi Dalin accused Goldhagen of engaging in a "misuse of the Holocaust to advance [his] . . . anti-Catholic agenda".[11]
Partial publication history
1st edition hardcover.
Hardcover.
Paperback.
Pope Pius XII#Holocaust
Antisemitism in the New Testament
Feldkamp, MIchael F., "Goldhagens unwillige Kirche. Alte und neue Fälschungen über Kirche und Papst während der NS-Herrschaft", München 2003, ISBN 3-7892-8127-1
(Book review)
Antisemitism and the New Testament
Jerusalem, Antisemitism, Supersessionism, Jesus, Old Testament
John Cornwell (writer)
Jesus College, Cambridge, Pope Pius XII, Nazi Germany, Pope John Paul II, Royal Society of Literature
Dual-covenant theology
Salvation, Supersessionism, Messianic Judaism, Berlin, Christianity
Hitler's Willing Executioners
Hamburg, Martin Luther, The New Republic, The New York Times, Der Spiegel


TechInAfrica – The traditional fish-smoking process exposes women who smoke fish in Eastern Sri Lanka to great health hazards due to the amount of smoke they inhale during the process. Women in these fishing communities spend hours tending to their fish laid out on various sizes of mesh and placed over red-hot coals. But with the intense labor, the output of this traditional method turns out to be very low. However, a new smoking kiln developed through a program funded by the EU and pioneered by the FAO is on the way to change everything and simplify the fish smoking process.
The FTT-Thiaroye which has been undergoing development since 2008, is a new fish-smoking and drying kiln developed by the FAO. The oven can be built for a specific purpose or come with chimney for smoke-capturing and oil-collection trays. The FTT-Thiaroye is made for better fuel-efficiency while smoking fish by encapsulating smoke and heat. It also prevents health hazards fish farmers suffer from the traditional method.
The smoking technology developed by the FAO is now widely in use in over 12 African countries. It protects women from suffering skin and eye irritations including respiratory disease the smoke can cause. However, women using this new technology have not only been able to increase their income significantly but have their health improved.
The FAO in conjunction with the EU Support to Distribute Development Programme for the first time introduced the smoking technology to the Asian continent. They started with Sri Lanka, a place where fish is a source of nutrition and livelihood.
Nina Brandstrup, FAO's representative in Sri Lanka said the new smoking kiln will make fish business more profitable for poor families in the region as a result of value addition. According to her, the organization also has plans to make the technology available to other areas of the country. Guidelines in local languages will be made available while extension workers will be trained to provide advice and support on the use and construction of the fish-smoking ovens.
The project in Asia championed by the EU-SDDP is on the verge of constructing another eight ovens in Sri Lanka. "The program came at the right time to Asia, a region responsible for almost half of the smoked fish consumed in the world," said Yvette Diei Ouadi who is the programme's coordinator and fishery office in FAO.


Valparaiso's Bakari Evelyn heads to the basket during a game against Missouri State on Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2019.
Valparaiso coach Matt Lottich took a deep breath, exhaled and tried to put into perspective Tuesday night's 55-54 Missouri Valley loss to Missouri State in overtime.
"We played well enough to win this game," Lottich said. "It's hard to lose a game like that, that close. We talked about defending, guarding maybe as good as we've done all year.
The Bears (11-11, 5-4) scored the decisive points with 2.3 seconds left as Keandre Cook drove, got fouled and made two free throws.
John Kiser's halfcourt heave at the Athletics-Recreation Center missed as time expired as the Crusaders (12-10, 5-4) lost their third straight game for the first time this season. The junior guard/forward could not conjure the magic of Markus Golder, who hit a halfcourt shot to stun Illinois State 58-56 on Jan. 2.
Junior guard/forward Golder missed Tuesday's game with a left ankle injury suffered in Saturday's loss to Drake, not in uniform and on crutches. Junior guard/forward Ryan Fazekas missed his sixth straight game with a right ankle injury, having been sidelined three weeks.
Derrik Smits returned against Missouri State after missing one game with a back issue, but was plagued by foul trouble. He played 14 minutes, fouling out with 35.8 seconds left in the second half with seven points and four rebounds.
"We're shorthanded, so guys have to pick up the slack," Lottich said.
Freshman guard Javon Freeman did his part, posting 12 points and a career-high 15 rebounds in 42 minutes.
Valparaiso's Javon Freeman takes a shot against Missouri State on Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2019.
Freeman had his most productive scoring game since he had 17 points against Bradley on Jan. 8. The Chicago Young graduate more than doubled his previous best of seven rebounds.
Valparaiso got the chance in overtime after freshman guard Daniel Sackey, who had 10 points, scored on a drive with 19.9 seconds left in the second half to tie the score at 49. Cook missed a shot with two seconds left, with Freeman getting the rebound.
The Crusaders led 54-51 with 1:58 left in overtime after a basket by Freeman and floater from Bakari Evelyn, who had 11 points.
But leading 54-53, they committed a turnover with 12.7 seconds left, setting up the winning sequence for Missouri State.
Evelyn and Deion Lavender returned to the starting lineup for Valparaiso, with Golder injured and Kiser heading to the bench. The Crusaders play Saturday at Evansville (9-12, 3-5), the last conference team they have yet to face this season.
"You have to fight it out," Evelyn said. "We've talked about not having excuses.


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Indonesian protests over new laws cloud business sentiment
Wed, Sep 25, 2019 - 7:21 PM
Indonesian riot police officers shoot tear gas during clashes with students following a protest outside the parliament building in Jakarta on Tuesday.
[JAKARTA] Protesters rallied for a third day in Indonesia against a number of controversial laws amid concern the violent public demonstrations risk damaging growth and stability in Southeast Asia's biggest economy.
Thousands of people rallied Wednesday in cities across Indonesia, local media reported, protesting against sweeping legislation that would outlaw sex outside of marriage, infringe on gay rights and potentially derail efforts to attract more foreign investors. The protesters - mostly students - are also angry over a law passed last week that weakened the authority of the country's Corruption Eradication Commission.
While the proposed changes are viewed by analysts as a winding back of democracy, and a risk to the investment climate, Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati warned the violent protests in Jakarta and elsewhere on Tuesday could threaten business sentiment.
"We will keep communicating to the business players that Indonesia remains stable and well-managed," Ms Indrawati told reporters on Wednesday.
Ms Indrawati had earlier warned that positive sentiment and significant inflows to Indonesia from interest rate cuts as well as quantitative easing in Europe and the US could be at risk. "Hence, we might have to guard the current situation to bring back the momentum and stability, so that we can focus more on the external risks," she said Tuesday.
HRnetGroup incorporates manpower services JV in Indonesia
Police used tear gas and water cannons to repel protesters near the parliament building in Jakarta on Tuesday, with the demonstration turning violent. The clashes left 265 students and 36 policemen injured, the police said Wednesday.
The US embassy in Jakarta on Wednesday warned of the possibility of more demonstrations in the coming days and advised its citizens to avoid areas affected by the protests.
While President Joko Widodo last week moved to delay the changes to the criminal code, they may still be reintroduced when the new parliament is sworn in next month. The house had initially been expected to pass the criminal code changes, before Mr Widodo moved to delay the legislation.
The wide-ranging legislation would also clamp down on abortions, dissent and freedom of speech.
"Passing these controversial revisions to the country's criminal code would send a terrible signal to foreign investors," said Hugo Brennan, principal political analyst with Verisk Maplecroft. "Companies with a physical presence in Indonesia will be scrambling to understand the significant human security risks that the bill would pose to their workforce, if passed into law."
The latest unrest comes as Jokowi, as the president is known, prepares to be sworn in for a second term next month. He has also faced anger over changes to an anti-corruption law that human rights groups said would deal a blow to efforts to tackle graft.
"President Jokowi's reformist credentials are in tatters following his failure to prevent the House weakening the Corruption Eradication Commission," Mr Brennan said. "A failure to step in a second time would represent a mortal blow to his much-dented reputation as a broadly progressive politician," he said.
Violence also flared in Indonesia's restive Papua region on Monday with as many as 32 people killed and dozens more injured. The resource-rich Papua region has been dealing with a low-level insurgency for decades and was rocked by separatist protests last month, forcing authorities to deploy additional troops to quell the violence that targeted government buildings and the army.


This versatile buddy backpack has a ballistic weave and converts to an expandable briefcase. Zip front pocket. Wraparound zips open the 2 main compartments, equipped with file pockets and organizing pockets.
Buddy, a Japanese fashion brand, launched its original line of practical, city-focused backpacks and totes in 2012 with immediate domestic success. By offering a limited range of utilitarian silhouettes in a bounty of solid hues, Buddy bags offer a design simplicity that appeals to urban dwellers all over the world. The brand's namesake purposefully conjures canine companionship—each style name refers to a dog breed— with each bag made to sustain a long-lasting relationship with its owner.


Certainly…. in the moment, it would be pretty jarring to have a wolfheaded man press unsolicited fish upon me. He's not asking for any money, but are am I expected to give him money? And I don't really like fish, so is it going to get weird if I try to brush him off? Also, I'm sure there would be at least a one enterprising werewolf that thought to rustle up a coat and hang out by the shore, hoping a case of mistaken identity would throw an easy meal his way.
And why is a wolf -headed man fishing? It would make a lot more sense if it was a Grizzly-bear headed man swatting at fish from the end of a jetty. I suppose anyone night fishing alone in a peacoat is little unsettling, and wolves dressing up as other things rarely ends well, but that sort of circumstantial sketchiness does not a monster make. Sure, I wouldn't hire a Wulver to run my daycare, but I'm not losing any sleep.
It is a testament to either the laziness, or integrity, of the originator of the myth that none of the Wulver's back story, motivation, or origin is flushed out in anyway. Who goes to all of the trouble of inventing a generous wolf/human hybrid fisherman, but won't even hazard a guess as to how he got that way. And how does the first person hearing this tale ask so few follow up questions?
There is an old adage: Give a man a fish, and he will eat for a day. Teach a wolf to fish, and he will give other men fish if they happen to run into him. And also wear a coat for some reason.


Age discrimination is widespread in UK organisations and many workers hold unrealistic perceptions about their own career prospects, according to research by the Chartered Management Institute and the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.
The results of a survey of almost 2,700 managers and HR professionals show that age discrimination persists in many organisations.
Six in10 respondents (59%) reported that they have been personally disadvantaged at work because of their age and nearly a quarter of those surveyed (22%) admitted that age has an impact on their recruitment decisions.
The research also revealed that almost half (48%) of those surveyed had suffered age discrimination through job applications while 39% believe their chances of promotion have been hindered by age discrimination.
The vast majority (80%) reported that they are hanging on to the expectation that they will retire by the age of 65, despite believing that the age of retirement for the average person in 10 years' time will be 66 or older.
However, just under one-third (29%) of organisations already have no mandatory retirement age. This suggests that both individuals and organisations need to consider a step-change in how they perceive age and careers so that changes in demographics are met with a more flexible approach to career planning.
Dianah Worman, CIPD diversity adviser, said: "Our research shows that most managers expect everyone to be retiring later within 10 years – except themselves.


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We Like to Party!
Becca / February 4, 2016
I can't believe another year has passed us by! Where does the time go? December always brings about the hustle and bustle of the holiday season and this month was no different. The girls were occupied with gymnastics, tennis, slumber parties, field trips (James K. Polk home), and birthday parties. Heaven gained another angel with the passing of our best friends' brother, who left us all too soon. We drove to Chapel-Hill for the funeral and it was so warming to see how many people showed up to give their support and love to the family. Although it was very somber, there was a great deal of laughter in remembering how wonderful of a person he was.
We entered another "rite of passage" stage with Brayden now in that we started visiting orthodontists for consults about her getting braces. The decision was to wait another six months or so until her permanent teeth settle in more before they can do (round one) of braces. Gotta love when the implications are that there will be more than one round of them. We made gingerbread houses with the girls, attended Trent's F3 holiday party and had a fabulous brunch with the Hall family. It's so great to see all of us come together, but most importantly, to see the expressions on GG & Dadaw's faces to know that there are four generations of us all living in the same city, able to convene and celebrate one another!
Trent and Brayden had their monthly Y Guides meeting and we enjoyed a date night with our neighbors to see Amy Schumer. She is absolutely hilarious and definitely not for those who are easily offended. Needless to say, we don't fit that bill, so we thoroughly appreciated her raunchy humor. The stuff that comes out of her mouth. Wow. One evening, we surprised the kids by taking them to ride the Polar Express (donned in their pajamas, of course!). They really do a great job of putting on a production for children…all complete with hot cocoa, a visit to the North Pole, the infamous jingle bell and stamped train ticket. The girls were in awe and loved it!
Trent's parents drove down from DC to visit us for about six days, along with Uncle David, who drove all the way across the country (from LA)! We treated his family to a showing of Star Wars: The Force Awakens and everyone loved it (although, there was some discussion afterward as to the numerous references to the older movies and if they were nostalgic or unnecessary). It was Cooper's first movie and he had a blast. Hanleigh has also notified us that she no longer likes Frozen and has converted over to being a devoted Star Wars fan.
Hanleigh's best friend from school (who recently moved away), Brody (and his dad), paid us a visit one afternoon and the two hit it off as if he had never left. We had a great dinner at the Dunlap's house and also went to the Belk Bowl, where NCSU played Mississippi State. Even though the weather was rainy, our friends from out of town made the trek to Charlotte and we had a blast tailgating beforehand. We wrapped up the month with a fabulous New Year's Eve party in Greensboro at the Bryan's house, where we discovered this incredible invention called Face Coasters. Check them out. They will make you laugh until you pee your pants. No joke.
Brayden-ism:
Hanleigh burped while eating lunch at Carolina Place mall. It was a very loud burp and I said, "If you were at home, we would have all laughed, but you need to say 'I'm sorry'". Brayden then says, "Hey, at least we aren't at Southpark Mall." (This is funny because Southpark Mall is Charlotte's very upscale mall. Brayden has already figured this out and concluded that no apologies are needed if you burp at Carolina Place, but you should definitely apologize if you burp at Southpark.)
View Photos | View Video
February 4, 2016 in 2015, Brayden, Charlotte, December, Family, Hanleigh, Vacation.
Heritage, Hosting, & Hilarity
Parties & Playa!
Caves and Cooking
← Heritage, Hosting, & Hilarity


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Tag: Bishop Philip Egan
Vale Vatican II: Moving On
Two documents, both episcopal but both quite different, have captured my attention these last few weeks. The first was the motu proprio of Pope Francis, Magnum principium, devolving primary responsibility for the liturgical translations to bishops' conferences. It has already been dealt with on this site here and here and here, but one thing from it lingers in the mind: that "great principle" of the title, which is really something of a great misrepresentation:
The great principle, established by the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, according to which liturgical prayer be accommodated to the comprehension of the people so that it might be understood, required the weighty task of introducing the vernacular language into the liturgy and of preparing and approving the versions of the liturgical books, a charge that was entrusted to the Bishops.
One searches in vain through the conciliar decree on the liturgy for anything that adequately justifies this bold assertion. Whoever drafted this for the pope got away with quite the deception. Continue reading "Vale Vatican II: Moving On" →
Fr Hugh	Church life	39 Comments Monday, 25 September, 2017 Thursday, 23 July, 2020 5 Minutes
Is this the face of collegiality?
Via Protect the Pope comes news that an apparatchik of the Bishops' Conference of England and Wales has written to Catholic peers and MPs to assure them that there are no plans to do anything that might in anyway show support for Bishop Egan of Portsmouth's re-affirmation of consistent Church teaching, expressed in Canon 915, that those who persist in manifestly grave sin must be denied Holy Communion. Politicians who ignore Church teaching and use their parliamentary office to push through legislation contrary to Church teaching fall under this canon. As Bishop Egan made clear, denial of Communion is not only an act of justice, but of mercy, that being denied the highest privilege of a Catholic they might come to their senses and repent.
Now if Greg Pope, the Head of Parliamentary Relations at the Bishops' Conference, has actually written with the knowledge and approval of the Conference, then the Conference has hung one of its own out to dry. Is this how collegiality is to be practised – subverting one of their own who has enough courage to stand up to politicians' time-serving and reiterate solemn Church teaching? If so, there is no better argument against the novel doctrine of collegiality. Far better to go back to the situation of the previous 1900-odd years, and let a bishop shepherd his diocese without hindrance, subject only to the Sovereign Pontiff and the occasional Council. Then the bishop could concern himself with toeing the Universal Church's line rather than that of a conference all too often desperate to appease the secular establishment.
Perhaps that is the greatest weakness of bishops' conferences: that they foster national churches with an identity too distinct from that of the Universal Church. History is replete with examples of how such nationalized Churches have acquiesced to the demands of their local governments and sold out the teachings of the Church. The Orthodox churches today are fitting reminders of the inherent weakness of nationalized churches. An even better example is the Anglican communion, founded on the craven submission of English bishops to the murderous and adulterous desires of Henry VIII. Do we want to go that route?!
Under Henry VIII there was a least one bishop who stood for the right, St John Fisher. He, too, was abandoned by his episcopal brethren, and eventually lost his life. If Mr Pope (the bitter irony of that name!) has indeed acted for the Bishops' Conference, then it appears we might have another John Fisher today, though we pray that Bishop Egan will not lose his life for it.
Of course Mr Pope has a vested interest: in his previous role as a Labour Member of Parliament, he voted consistently against Church teaching in matters such as abortion, adoption and contraception. Yet he has been able to hold two jobs for the bishops' conference. What teaching does this give the faithful I wonder?
Fr Hugh	Church life	20 Comments Sunday, 30 March, 2014 Sunday, 30 March, 2014 2 Minutes
Mischief, macro and micro: a pre-conclave distraction
It the nature of an interregnum to produce a power vacuum of greater or lesser effect. In the absence of the authority figure, many start jockeying to advance their own cause, or to influence the accession of the new figure of authority. There is something inevitable about it; but there can also be something mischievous too. Mischief is sued not in the common idiomatic sense of naughtiness, but in its more sober sense of harm or trouble.
An example of such mischief in the wider Church – the macro-ecclesial level (!) – is the irrepressible and amazingly long-lived Hans Küng, self-appointed prophet for the spirit of Vatican II. The Swiss theologian, who has long since lost his right to teach as a Catholic theologian though he remains technically a priest in good standing, is a contemporary of Joseph Ratzinger and, with his more illustrious colleague, a peritus at the Council. As theologian, cardinal and pope, Ratzinger has promoted what the Council actually said, in the light of the continuous tradition of the Church. Küng has championed what he wishes the Council had said, under the camouflage title of "the spirit" of Vatican II, as if the Council has a life outside its officially agreed texts.
The man who would be Küng.
Küng is materially a heretic. This is not name-calling but calling a spade a spade. He denies dogmatic Church teaching, and is recalcitrant in that pose. And he is not animated by love of the Church. I remember when I was a baby Jesuit in Australia back in the late 80s. Living with us and teaching elsewhere was a wonderful theologian, a disciple of another and great Jesuit theologian of the 20th century, and who had studied in America in the 1960s. He spoke once of joining the throng to hear Küng speak in Washington, since he was one of the biggest names among the bright young theologians. This Jesuit came away not satisfied or enthused, but disturbed. Küng, he said, spoke with hate not love.
That seems to be confirmed in Küng's latest diatribe in the New York Times, on 28 February (no link – it is not worth the time). He begins by asking if the Arab Spring that has toppled so many autocratic regimes might reach the Vatican and produce a Vatican Spring. So there you have it: the opening words liken the papacy to an autocratic regime on a par with the brutally repressive regimes now falling (though not always with happier results!). Küng then moves to tone it down by adjusting his comparison to that of absolute monarchies. But, as if a disciple of Goebbels, he knows how the rhetorical devices of effective propaganda. By beginning with the shocking comparison, it will remain in the readers' minds no matter how much he later modifies it. Of course, it is an insult to those who do live under truly repressive regimes, quite apart from the insult to Benedict XVI, against whom Küng has turned with the venomous fury of the fabled woman scorned. If Benedict were truly repressive, Küng would have been banished to a remote monastery decades ago, or failing that, excommunicated. If only…
It gets no better. Küng traces the sins of the modern papacy to Gregory VII's reforms which, he asserts, introduced, among other things, "compulsory clericalism". He does not explain this startling assertion, which is just as well as it is such a rhetorical flight of fancy as to rank with the latest products coming from North Korea. Not sure what I mean? Watch this:
Küng soon moves to the topic dearest to his heart, himself. How else does one read this remarkable passage:
In 2005, in one of Benedict's few bold actions, he held an amicable four-hour conversation with me at his summer residence in Castel Gandolfo in Rome. I had been his colleague at the University of Tübingen and also his harshest critic. For 22 years, thanks to the revocation of my ecclesiastical teaching license for having criticized papal infallibility, we hadn't had the slightest private contact.
Before the meeting, we decided to set aside our differences and discuss topics on which we might find agreement: the positive relationship between Christian faith and science, the dialogue among religions and civilizations, and the ethical consensus across faiths and ideologies.
For me, and indeed for the whole Catholic world, the meeting was a sign of hope. But sadly Benedict's pontificate was marked by breakdowns and bad decisions. He irritated the Protestant churches, Jews, Muslims, the Indians of Latin America, women, reform-minded theologians and all pro-reform Catholics.
So Benedict's meeting with Küng a sign of hope for the whole Catholic world. That's how important Küng is, of course. Then the venom really comes out, and with it the lies:
The major scandals during his papacy are known: there was Benedict's recognition of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre's arch-conservative Society of St. Pius X, which is bitterly opposed to the Second Vatican Council, as well as of a Holocaust denier, Bishop Richard Williamson.
There was the widespread sexual abuse of children and youths by clergymen, which the pope was largely responsible for covering up when he was Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger. And there was the "Vatileaks" affair, which revealed a horrendous amount of intrigue, power struggles, corruption and sexual lapses in the Curia, and which seems to be a main reason Benedict has decided to resign.
Let's be clear. Benedict did not recognise the Lefebvrian SSPX; he lifted the excommunication of its four illicitly-ordained bishops, and did so as an act of mercy and to promote ongoing dialogue with Lefebvrists with a view to reconciliation. Now if Küng had been excommunicated (and he did more than merely "criticize" papal infallibility) his screams and howls would still be echoing. But for those whose views are exactly opposite of his, excommunication is the just penalty. No dialogue for them, no mercy, no tolerance. And to say that Benedict recognised the "Holocaust denier, Bishop Richard Williamson" is a slander so deliberate as to be diabolical. It is the propagandist's craft in all its sick glory: defining the clearly-deplorable Willamson purely by one of his more distasteful opinions. When Küng finally dies, and the Church grants him a Catholic burial, will that mean the Church approves all his opinions?
Enough of this man. His scurrilous slur that Benedict was largely responsible for covering up the sexual abuse scandal has been so comprehensively disproved that his regurgitation of it can only be malicious in intent. You get the idea. He is making mischief, and if not trying to influence the cardinals in their choice, he is certainly using this interregnum to condition the reception that will be accorded to their choice:
If the next conclave were to elect a pope who goes down the same old road, the church will never experience a new spring, but fall into a new ice age and run the danger of shrinking into an increasingly irrelevant sect.
The growing throng of committed young Catholics, and a the myriad of us not so young too, might have a different idea of where the "shrinking… increasingly irrelevant sect" is to be found.
On the micro level we might look at the restructuring of the diocese that is being undertaken by Bishop Philip Egan of Portsmouth, my monastery's diocese. The summary document can be found here. Many of the measures to be implemented which will reorganise and slim down the diocesan bureaucracy have dominated attention, much of it negative. One of the features is the abolition of certain departments, such as Pastoral Formation, with the task of catechesis now being overseen by a new and wider-ranging Vicariate for Evangelization.
The Bishop's actions are being cast by some in the worst possible light. And again, it is mischief. Much of it has been found in the neo-Anglican journal, The Tablet. Again, rather than link to them, you can get a flavour of things from this page. For example:
Bishop Egan makes it clear that one of the objectives of re-structuring the diocese is to return responsibility for formation and catechesis to the local level of pastoral areas and parishes. Regarding the diocesan role of laity the report states that the three committees of trustees will comprise four members– two clergy, two lay – together with other co-opted members who bring particular expertise.
But The Tablet's hatchet job on Bishop Egan's and the trustees thoughtful and simple plan to re-establish subsidiarity to the parishes makes no mention of these review findings, instead it reports alarmist assertions from Fr Sean Tobin and Dr Keith Chappell that Bishop Egan is seeking to downplay the role of the laity.
The Tablet reports:
'In his parish newsletter, Fr Sean Tobin, parish priest of the Churches of Our Lady, Fleet, with Holy Trinity Church, Cookham, Berkshire, paid tribute to the department for "enabling parishioners to explore and grow in faith". He told The Tablet that a number of parishioners were upset about the redundancies and that he was worried about who would undertake the work of forming catechists after the loss of the department. […]Under the plans, the department for pastoral formation will be replaced by a department for the New Evangelisation, which will come under a vicariate for evangelisation and will be run by a priest. Fr Tobin said: "There is a lot of frustration from people as they recognise the great work the department has done over the years. My frustration is over what it says about the role of the laity and the role of the department. There was also not a lot of recognition from the diocese over the work the department has done over the years." He added that two of his parishioners were among those who had lost their jobs.'
So, the Bishop is reducing the role of the laity. Shock horror. But is he? Lay trustees are still there overseeing the vicariates with clerics. Isn't the real aim to have clergy and laity working together for the good of the Church, not one assuming "power" over the other? (Beware the hermeneutic of power in any discourse on the role of the laity.) In fact, the Bishop has, to employ unwillingly this power hermeneutic, taken away the power of a few elite lay people in the diocesan bureaucracy and handed it back to a larger number of lay people at the parish level, where the work of catechesis is actually done.
But for a truly comprehensive demolition of the mischief The Tablet is fostering, go read Dr Shaw's analysis. Particularly interesting in his insight into the self-contradiction inherent in the position take by the Tabletistas. They abhor the alleged centralising of general power in Rome, but support the centralising of local power in diocesan bureaucracies. They demand the Vatican give power to the laity and take it from a clerical elite, but oppose the giving of catechetical responsibility to the laity in parishes and away from a salaried lay elite at diocesan level. Please read Dr Shaw's piece on his blog. It exposes the mischief clearly.
As the conclave fast approaches, and as we begin to look forward to the end of this interregnum, let us pray all the more fervently that the cardinals elect the pope we need and God wants, and not the man (if he exists) sought by the mischief makers.
Fr Hugh	Church life	11 Comments Tuesday, 12 March, 2013 Tuesday, 12 March, 2013 8 Minutes


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Over five decades of NFL experience was on hand during last Thursday's Monogram Career Network (MCN) event that featured former University of Notre Dame football players.
Monogram winners Steve Beuerlein ('87), Tim Brown ('88), Marc Edwards ('97), John Carlson ('07) and Manti Te'o ('13) spent nearly an hour speaking with current members of the Fighting Irish football squad inside the Isban Auditorium in the Guglielmino Athletics Complex. The star-studded quintet was back on campus for Football Fantasy Camp.
Steve Beuerlein (QB): 17 NFL seasons … 147 touchdown passes.
Tim Brown (WR): 17 NFL seasons … 1,094 receptions … 100 touchdowns … Pro Football Hall of Fame Class of 2016 … 1987 Heisman Trophy winner.
Marc Edwards (FB): 9 NFL seasons … Super Bowl champion with the New England Patriots (2001) … currently a Monogram Club board member.
John Carlson (TE): 7 NFL seasons … 15 touchdown receptions.
Manti Te'o (LB): 2 NFL seasons … current member of the San Diego Chargers.
All five talked about why they chose to attend Notre Dame and what it means to still be part of the Fighting Irish family. They stressed how important it is to take full advantage of the educational opportunities that Notre Dame offers. A major talking point centered around the fact that everyone needs to be prepared for what path they'll take once their football careers are over.


It doesn't have to be two-tiered. Delete could move a message to the trash. Then a non-user interactive process could periodically purge all messages older than some fixed time interval: e.g. 7 days. The interval could be user configurable. Anyone with extreme privacy needs could set the interval to 0 to delete immediately with no easy recovery.


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Is Earth's Closest Cousin A Dying Planet?
Aug 3, 2015, 10:30am
Last week, the human race met its very first Earth-like planet orbiting a Sun-like star in the habitable zone. Kepler-452b's discovery was met with resounding excitement, but the news was bittersweet. Because life on this distant world — if it exists at all — could be facing imminent extinction.
Earth's new cousin has spent the last spent 6 billion-ish years in the habitable zone, but its ageing, brightening star could've already kickstarted a runaway greenhouse event, spelling the beginning of the end for complex life. In a billion years, a similar process will transform the Earth into a miserable wasteland.
Ageing is a natural step in planetary evolution, and it's one that 452b might help us understand. To speculate about what's going down on this distant world, scientists rely on what we know about how our own biosphere will die.
How the World Ends, According to Science
We all have our favourite doomsday scenario, from zombie viruses to giant asteroids to robot uprisings. But if none of these worthy apocalypses destroys the world first, there's another Inevitable End: The slow extinction of Earth's biosphere as the Sun bakes it dry.
In 2012 and 2013, astrobiologist Jack O'Malley-James published a pair of scientific papers describing how the world as we know it will actually end in fascinating detail.* His analysis could apply to an Earthlike world like Kepler-452b, too.
Since its birth 4.5 billion years ago, the Sun's luminosity has very slowly increased by about 30%, and it will continue growing brighter into the distant future. We'll begin to feel the effects in about a billion years. At that point, the extra solar radiation will cause water to start rapidly evaporating off Earth's surface. Water vapour acts as a heat-trapping greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, so widespread evaporation will kickstart a 'runaway greenhouse,' causing the Earth's surface to warm even faster and evaporate even more.
Solar luminosity over time, via Northwestern University
Higher temperatures will also increase the rate of silicate rock weathering in the Earth's crust. As silicates weather, they suck carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and lock it into certain kinds of rock. Normally, this isn't an issue, because the loss of carbon is counterbalanced by tectonic activity like earthquakes and volcanism, which send carbon back into the atmosphere. But as Earth's surface dries out, tectonic activity will slow and then cease. No more tectonics means no more geologic carbon cycle. At that point, atmospheric CO2 levels will start to plummet.
That will mark the beginning of the end for plants, which require CO2 for photosynthesis. Once atmospheric carbon levels fall below 10 parts per million (they're currently just north of 400), pretty much all multicellular plant life will die gasping. And this is very bad news for the rest of us, because plants are not only the basis of Earth's food webs, they replenish our oxygen supply. Atmospheric oxygen will enter free fall.
As the oxygen disappears, large animals will die off, followed by smaller ones. Insects and ocean invertebrates will probably hang on the longest. But within about 100 million years of the mass extinction of plants, animal life will also perish. At that point, Earth will once again become a world ruled by microbes.
Here's a simple diagram illustrating the consequences of the most depressing future climate forecast ever:
Image via O'Malley-James et al. 2012
In geologic terms, multicellular life will go quickly once certain key atmospheric gases get out of whack. But microbes are harder to kill. According to O'Malley-James, microorganisms could end up hanging on for more than a billion years after the extinction of complex life. As oceans of water pour into the atmosphere and Earth's surface continues to cook, extremeophiles will retreat to caves, mountain peaks, ocean trenches — anywhere that they can escape the heat and find a little liquid water. 2.5 billion years in the future, O'Malley-James' models predict, the last of Earth's tenacious life forms will be staving off annihilation.
If future alien (or human) civilizations peer at the dying Earth through telescopes, they may detect the faintest traces of carbon dioxide and methane — the biological swansong of a once-vibrant planet. Three billion years from now, planet Earth will be completely sterilized.
A Galaxy of Dying Earths?
Artist's concept of an exoplanet, via Wikimedia Commons
On geologic timescales, the window for complex life seems to be pretty short. A big question in astrobiology is whether the same holds true on other worlds.
So far, the evidence suggests that it probably will.
In another recent study, O'Malley-James and crew investigated the likelihood of finding a so-called 'old-Earth-analogue' — an ageing planet that can only support microbial life — in our stellar neighbourhood. Using climate models and planet frequency datasets, the team predicts there's at least one such world within 100 parsecs of the solar system. Put another way, some 0.36% of the G-stars in our neighbourhood could harbour a planet in the final throws of an apocalypse. Assuming this rate holds for the entire galaxy, the Milky Way could be littered with thousands of dying Earths. According to model estimated rates of planet formation and stellar evolution, such worlds could outnumber human-friendly planets ten to one.
Put in that somewhat depressing context, we can count ourselves very lucky to have spotted 452b. While this planet is certainly getting old, it's possible that complex life still has a little time.
Is Kepler-452b in Its Death Throes?
Kepler-452b is the closest Earth-analogue we've ever found. The planet has a radius 60% larger than ours, and it orbits a G2 star (the same type as our Sun) at an average distance of 1.05 AU. 452b's star is roughly 20% larger, 10% brighter, and 1.5 billion years older than the Sun. As a result, despite having a slightly wider orbit, 452b receives approximately 10% more stellar radiation than the Earth.
Artist's concept compares Earth (left) to Kepler-452b, which is about 60 per cent larger in diameter. Image via NASA/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle
Based on its relatively small size (it's the smallest exoplanet planet to date discovered in the habitable zone), astronomers are estimating there's a 49 — 62% chance the Kepler-452b is rocky. If it is a rocky world, it could look an awful lot like a bigger Earth, featuring a thick, cloudy atmosphere and active volcanoes.
But despite these tantalising hints of similarity, we can't yet say for certain that this planet meets basic criteria for habitability. For one, without knowing 452b's mass, we can't calculate its density. There's still a chance 452b is a gas world — a 'mini-Neptune' rather than a 'super-Earth' — and if that were the case, it'd make the chances of life as we know it basically nil. Unfortunately, the planet is too distant and dim for astronomers to accurately measure its mass with current telescopes.
Even if Kepler-452b is rocky, it's not yet clear whether the biochemistry that underpins the evolution of life would work on a planet with twice Earth's gravity.
All of which is to say, while it may be the most Earth-like planet we know, we can only speculate about 452b's prospects for life. Still, if we assume that it's rocky, and that larger, heavier planets can support life, there's very good reason to be excited about 452b, because this world has spent its entire lifetime inside the habitable zone of its star. As NASA's Jon Jenkins noted in a press conference last week "that's considerable time for life to arise somewhere on its surface or in its oceans should the conditions for life exist."
Bill Moore, a planetary geologist at Hampton University, agrees. "Life seems to have emerged on the Earth very rapidly," Moore told me over the phone. "Any life that might have gotten started on this planet has certainly had a long time to become complex."
So, let's be optimists for a moment and assume that life did evolve on 452b. How would the planet's biosphere be faring today? The jury's still out, but if 452b hasn't already been hit by a runaway greenhouse event, that event is probably in the planet's near future.
"If there is any kind of biosphere, it's one that's evolving to deal with progressively hotter and drier conditions," Moore said.
Reason being, while Kepler-452b spent its first 5 billion years in the "conservative" habitable zone (indicated by the bright green band in the video above), the last 800 million-ish years have pushed this planet into the "optimistic habitable zone" of its star. Here, it's susceptible to the sort of dramatic climate warming that Venus experienced in the past and that we expect to see on Earth in the future. Still, we don't know how long it would take such a warming event to annihilate complex life, without knowing more about runaway greenhouses in general and 452b in particular.
"One of the open questions is: how much of a switch is a runaway greenhouse?" Moore said. "Is it a tipping point where, geologically speaking, you're at Venus conditions in a short period of time? Or are there intermediate steps where it will hang out for a while? That's something we don't know. We don't have a good enough handle on the way planets behave as they get hotter and hotter."
O'Malley-James points out that since 452b is larger than Earth, it might be faring a little better than our Blue Marble would at the same life stage.
"If we assume that it [452b] is like Earth and that life there has a similar history to life on Earth, then it could be a good candidate for being a world that may once have hosted complex life, but now is better suited to microbes," O'Malley-James told me in an email. "However, it could actually be a better place to live than Earth would be at that age. A more massive planet than Earth could hold on to its water for longer, delaying the runaway greenhouse effect. It could also be more volcanically active, which could super-charge the carbon cycle compared to Earth, meaning that the CO2 levels could stay stable for longer time periods, keeping conditions better for plants for longer and delaying the predicted sequence of extinction events."
Bottom line is, we need more information about how runaway greenhouse events run their course in order to say whether 452b has already hit one. And that means we need to start looking at exoplanet atmospheres, which hide telltale signatures.
"Basically there are three different states a [Earth-like] world can be in," Moore said. "It can be a snowball world, a world like the present day Earth, or a runaway greenhouse. We really don't know how common these states are because we don't have enough data on the atmospheres of planets."
With the next generation of bigger, more powerful telescopes, we'll be able to start catching the starlight reflected off the atmospheres of exoplanets and decoding their chemistry. The information we glean from afar will help scientists decipher what sort of an Earth-like planet — an icehouse, a hothouse, or a mild-weather world — we're looking at.
"The presence of water is going to be a big one," Moore said. "Beyond that, we'd love to see methane and CO2. All of those things would tell us the likelihood that we have evolved into a Venus state."
For now, it seems safe to say that Kepler 452b — should it be rocky, should it have a biosphere — is at the very least beginning its slow slide toward complete extinction.
As bleak as that may sound, the possibility of any life at all on 452b is obviously very exciting. What's more, finding a true "dying Earth analogue" would be a huge boon to planetary science. Studying such a planet would shed light on how our own planet's carbon cycle and tectonic activity will change in the future.
Finally, there's always the faint possibility that intelligent life emerged on 452b and made its escape long ago. Discovering any traces of an ancient, advanced civilisation would not only have profound implications for science, philosophy and religion, it would offer the human race hope that long-term survival — beyond the lifetime of one's homeworld — might just be possible. Jenkins writes:
Until such time as other planets are discovered by other exoplanet surveys, or a SETI observation of this planetary system reveals signatures of extraterrestrial technologies, we are left to speculate on the fate of an ancient civilisation that may have developed first on Kepler-452b (or on a moon orbiting it). For example, it may have subsequently migrated to an as-yet-undetected outer planet to escape the inevitable loss of most of the intrinsic water inventory after the moist runaway greenhouse effect took hold at Kepler-452b's orbital distance approximately 800 Myr ago.
As strange as it sounds, a dying Earth might actually be the most inspiring discovery the human race has ever made.
* Both papers are available in pre-print on arXiv and I encourage you to read them if you share my morbid obsession with the End Days.
Top image via NASA Ames/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle


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Religion & Spirituality | Jainism
Does Jainism believe in god?
Jainism does believe in God, not as a creator, but as a perfect being.
Do have jainism have a god?
Jains do not worship a Creator, but, believe in non-creator deities.
What concepts are not shared by Buddhism and jainism?
They believe in just one god to avoid confusion.
Who believes in Jainism?
Jains believe in Jainism.
How is Islam and jainism alike?
Jainism is an ascetic religion of India, founded in the sixth century BC. The followers of Jainism are called Janis and they believe in the immortality and reincarnation ( or transmigration) of the soul and deny the existence of a perfect or supreme being. Islam religion is God religion of all God prophets starting with Adam and ending with prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Followers of Islam are called Muslims and they don't believe in transmigration of… Read More
Does jainism have one or many gods?
There is only one god in Jainism.
What does Jainism believe?
Jainism believes in good deeds (punia) and helping others.
How did Jainism differ from Hinduism?
Hindus believe in god (Creatorand destroyer). Jains believe that word is running by the combinations of infinite actions and reactions. In Jain belief there is no single body who is driving this world. For Hindus, God gives them happiness or sadness. For Jains, Hapiness and sadness are due to our own actions, and God(or even anyone else) has nothing to do with it. There are many proven grounds which mostly matches between believes of Jainism… Read More
What is the language of Jainism?
Jainism isn't a language, it's an Indian religion that doesn't believe in violence.
How does Jainism differ from Hinduism?
Jainism differs from Hinduism in so many ways. According to Jainism every individual can get rid of his karma and become God. Unlike Hinduism which has monopolized God who reappear in every dark times.
Is Tamil originated from jainism?
No Tamil is not originated Jainism. Jainism is not having any originator. we don't have any author for Aagam and we are not able to find them out in history too so Jainism God Gifted hai.
What are the similarities between Buddhism and Jainism?
- Jainism and Buddhism are similar in a way that they both lead you to the path of ascetism and a few other aspects like reincarnation, nirvana, strict non-violence, etc. - Jainism and Buddhism, reject the authority (but not the values) of the Vedas. - Both don't believe in a creator God. But there are a lot of aspects that are different. For more information check out http://www.answers.com/topic/buddhism-and-jainism
How is Jainism different from Hinduism?
jainiam if a god of rights and hinduism if god of nothing
According to Jainism what happens to a soul after death?
Jainism as also most other religions believe that a soul is immortal.
What do Jainism believe on animal rights?
they believe that animals should suck my dick
Where is jainism most influential today?
Ans: For long time it was unanswered question ,Can we (human become God (Creator like GOD). Jainism answered that with ABSOLUTE non violence any human can become GOD.
What Jainism believe about living thing?
not to harm anybody
What religion doesn't believe in god?
There is no religion that does not believe in God- religious practice, by it's very nature, acknowledges the existence of a Higher Power. There are a few religions, such as Jainism and some forms of Buddhism, that do not believe in an afterlife, or at least that we do not survive bodily death in an individual sense, but all of them acknowledge the existence of a Higher Power.
Does jainism have a god?
Jains have God whom they refer to as Tirthankars. They worship 24 Thirthankars.
Are Jainism and Christianity similar?
Judaism is the predecessor or parent of Christianity. Same God. Jews are still waiting for their savior. Christians believe Jesus is our savior. judaism does not equal jainism (to the person who answered above) jains and christians are similar in the fact that they both advocate non violence. But otherwise quite distinct when it comes to the more religious aspect, such as which God/gods they serve ___________________________________________________________ While Judaism is the predecessor or parent of… Read More
Who is the real founder of jainism?
Jains do believe that there is no real founder of Jainism as it is an eternal religion. They have 24 tirthankaras of whom Lord Rishabha is considered to be the first one and is accounted as the founder and preacher of Jainism in this kaal (jain division of time). However, some of the modern historians believe that Lord Parshwnath (23rd Tirthankar of Jains) was the founder of Jainism.
What does jainism teaches?
How to become God yourself which no religion teach.
Why Jainism rejects the notion of a Creator God?
Because there dumb
Why would Jainism people want to approach the issue on deforestation?
- Jainism and Buddhism are similar in a way that they both lead you to the path of ascetism and a few other aspects like reincarnation, nirvana, strict non-violence, etc. - Jainism and Buddhism, reject the authority (but not the values) of the Vedas. - Both don't believe in a creator God. But there are a lot of aspects that are different. For more information check out
Are they any religions that dont believe in god creating the universe?
Yes, there are several. Deism is a Western religion, which attitude is that there is a God, but did not create the universe and does not govern it. Jainism is an Eastern religion that believes in many gods, but rejects the idea of creationism.
Buddhism and Hinduism were originally branches of Jainism?
Some people believe that Jainism even existed much before Hinduism and Buddhism. Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal religion. Recent researches by some historians even show that Jainism might have even existed 5 lakh years back. If this is believed to be true, then it is quite possible that both Buddhism and Jainism were actually branches of Jainism, where Buddhism is quite similar to Jainism in many respects. Moreover, Hinduism might have been a… Read More
Does jainism feature a trinity of three gods?
No Jainism does not accept any type of god in its pantheon. The only deified being that it has is Mahavira, the founder.
How does multi god relate to dharma?
Ansl Jainism say that every human can be God and many human has become God;
What is the dress code for people who believe in jainism?
Jainism believes in sacrificing greed.......There is no such dress code to follow.......You should be dedicated by heart to follow it.......
Who is the jainism god?
In Jainism there is no god that controls the universe. Instead there are 24 liberated souls that have separated themselves from the cycle of death and rebirth called Tirthankars. Jains pray to them to draw inspiration and become more like them.
Is jainism a monotheistic or polytheistic religion?
Jainism differs from other religions in it's conscept of god. According to it's beliefs there is no surprime divine creator.
Founder of Jainism?
Jains do believe that there is no real founder of Jainism as it is an eternal religion. They have 24 tirthankaras of whom Lord Rishabha is considered to be the first one and is accounted as the founder and preacher of Jainism in this kaal (jain division of time).
Who are the gods of jainism?
"24 Tirthnkars" There are 24 tirthankars in jainism. The first one is Bhagvan(God) Hrishabhdev ji. And the Latest One(24th) is "Bhagvan Mahavir".
Are Hinduism and Jainism the same?
Though Hinduism and Jainism are not exactly the same - they both share some similarities. Both have the concept of idol worship. Both believe in Salvation. Both strongly believe in Ahimsa (Non-violence)
Who are jainism as human beings?
according to Jainism all Human is potential to be a God. In all religion before including Buddhism has left space for some one more perfect in future. In Jainism is completed the circle of 24 God and forecast future chovisi means new round of God. Here really means every Human is potential to be per fact God if he control all bondage of Karma including PURE FOOD HABIT which was missing in all religion before… Read More
Which religions believe in Karma?
I dont know them all but i know that hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism followers all believe.
Do followers of Jainism worship god?
Jains worship non-creator deities.
Who find Jainism?
Jains do believe that there is no real founder of Jainism as it is an eternal religion. They have 24 tirthankaras of whom Lord Rishabha is considered to be the first one and is accounted as the founder and preacher of Jainism in this kaal ( according to jain division of time).
Who founded Jainism?
Jainism was founded by Vardhamana, or otherwise known as Mahavira, in 6th century BC. He founded Jainism in India. He apparently founded Jainism as a response to the Verdic Religion, which required animal sacrifices. Jainism main belief is non-injury to all living organisms, or ahimsa. There is not a main god that created everything, but there are minor gods for different parts of life.
What is the name of jainism god?
Jainism was tought by the 24 tirthankaras (they are like gurus). The last one is considered the main founder, Mahavira. He strongly opposed the idea of a diety. However, now that he is dead, Jains worship him as their diety now. So if your talking about Jainism by the actual creators of it there is none. If your talking about present day jainism, then the answer is Mahavira.
What religions do not believe in God?
Buddhism Jainism Sikhism Zoroastrianism Taoism Pantheism Confusions Mayans Followers of the ancient Greek religions There are many other religions that do not believe in the Abrahamic God, and others which teach an ambiguous supreme God. The only modern religions that unambiguously do believe in God are Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The word God is understood to mean any of the following Deity, Spiritual Divinity and Supreme Creator the word religion refers to the beliefs and… Read More
Does Kurt Cobain believe in God?
There was a point in his teenage years when Kurt was tremendously religious. But he was more of an "agnostic". Kurt Cobain was baptized when he was 17. In a way he believed in a God because in his journals he pleaded with God about his addictions. his religions swayed more towards Buddhism and jainism, his suicide note states at the beginning: "dear budda"
What are some of the differences between Hinduism Buddhism and Jainism?
do you know this is only jainism which is give you permission that u can be a god or thirthanker like mahaveer, parashnath, ram, hanuman etc. jainism tells us that every one have this power and eligiblity to be a god. but you must recognise your power. here power means your stemena like physical pashaions, mantaly pashaions. etc
Did god make bedbugs?
If you believe that God made the world and everything in it, then you must believe that God made bedbugs. If you don't believe that God made the world, or if you don't believe in God, then you likely do not believe that God made bedbugs.
What are the nine religions recognized by the bahai faith?
The nine religions recognized by Baha'is as having been "revealed" by God through a Manifestation/Messenger of God are Hinduism, Jainism, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Babism and the Baha'i Faith. Baha'is believe that God has always had a Covenant with His creation and that there were Messengers of God who preceded the written word and that their names and religions are thus lost to history. I would like to add that there have ben greater… Read More
Who is the god of India?
There is no singular god of India because India is a pluralistic society. The major religions in India are Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism.
Who was the founder of religion jainism?
According to Jains, Jainism is an eternal religion, it has no founder. However, for this time frame (kaal) Lord Adinath is accounted as the first Tirthankar of Jains, he who practiced Jainism, for the first time (in present time frame), in the form which is followed till today. He lived about 50,000 years ago. However, some historians believe that Jainism originated about 2000 years ago and was 'propagated' by 23rd Tirthankar Parshwnath, but no exact… Read More
Why is your God the right God?
Because you believe he is the right God for you. It's what you believe that matters, not what someone else presume you believe or not believe in.
Does Jainism have a personal Savior?
Not really...No! Answer: Every soul is potensil to be God so personal savior is yourself.
What is Iman according to sunni philosophy?
Iman (or faith in English) is to worship God (or Allah) as if you see God and if you don't see God be sure God see you. The Iman or faith principles are: Believe in God Believe in God angels Believe in God holy books Believe in God prophets believe in the second eternal life Believe in the destiny and God will is controlling our lives.
Does Jaden Smith believe in god?
no he do not believe in god


An Ohio heirloom that has been grown since the 1920s. According to legend, the sweet orange flesh is said to cause a state of passion if eaten straight from the garden on a moonlit summer night. It has succulent flesh that is very sweet, aromatic and very finely flavored. Fruit weighs 3-4 lbs, and are produced on vines that have some drought and wilt resistance.
I love these melons. The are just the right size and are super sweet. Very good producers. Will definitely be growing these next year.
What are the pros? Flavor, easy to grow.
What are the cons? Not growing more, my fault.
The flavor is absolutely wonderful. So easy to grow and easy to tell when it's ripe. My only regret is not planting more to share. One of my new favorites!!! A must to grow in the garden!
What are the pros? The taste.
This is the way a melon is supposed to taste. Has a deep, rich melon taste. They are prolific and easy to tell when ripe (turn brown behind the netting and they slip off). I will plant in future years.
Since I am a sinlge womn..I don't need a row of melons..I planted 2 plants...I have had 10 melons so far..they vined prolifically and are still producing (as of August 20th)..And even with all the rain, I did not find the flavor to be "diluted", as can happen with many fruits.. By the way...No, it didn't cause a "state of passion" in me, even though I did eat one outside the other night just to see...LOL! But they are extremely delicious..will grow next year..
This is an easy going melon that seems to put up with anything. The fruits are delicious and very even in size and shape. It is easy to see when they are ripe as they start to turn tan under the netting and slip.


The Last Love Letter is Michael Ross's second CD. This enabled him to be placed in the R&R magazine in the categories of Most Added, Most Increased Plays, and New & Active. Also the title song was add on KJZY 93.7 smooth jazz sampler. He performs a beautiful rendition of Sade's Kiss Of Life. It seems That Michael created a love story through out this entire CD, a very interesting approach. Produced by; DMM Production.