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Tag: terrorist
I Love Israel: Philippine Army receives 15 armored mortar carriers (AMCs) from Israeli firm Elbit Systems
I am delighted over the news that the Army here in the Philippines acquired high-tech military equipment in the form of armored mortar carriers (AMC) which were made by the Israel-based company Elbit Systems, according to a report by the Philippine News Agency (PNA).
Elbit Systems is an international high technology company engaged in a wide range of programs throughout the world, primarily in the defense and homeland security arenas. They develop and supply a broad portfolio of airborne, land and naval systems and products for defense, homeland security and commercial applications. The company's systems and products are installed on new platforms, and they also perform comprehensive platform modernization programs. A range of support services are also provided.
To put things in perspective, posted below is the excerpt from the Philippine News Agency. Some parts in boldface…
The Philippine Army's (PA) Armor Division got a much-needed firepower boost with the delivery of 15 M125A2 armored mortar carriers (AMCs), which are equipped with 120mm mounted mortar systems (MMS).
PA spokesperson, Col. Xerxes Trinidad, said the AMCs were delivered on December 29 and were sourced from the Israeli firm Elbit Systems.
"The newly delivered 15 AMCs are for inspection within the first quarter of the year by the Technical Inspection and Acceptance Committee before acceptance and (deployment) to the Army's field units," Trinidad said in a message to the Philippine News Agency (PNA) on Monday night.
The AMCs are under Horizon Two of the Revised Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernization Program and acquired under the Army's mounted mortar acquisition project.
"The new AMCs are part of the PA's modernization project that will capacitate the country's land force's credible defense posture from various threats, local and international," he said.
The Cardom 120mm recoil mortar system mounted on the M125A2 AMC is an autonomous, computerized system that has a range of 7,000 meters and a maximum fire rate of 16 rounds per minute operated by four crewmen.
The AMCs with MMS are used by the US Army, Israeli Defense Force, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries.
Meanwhile, PA chief, Lt. Gen. Romeo Brawner Jr., welcomed the arrival of the AMCs as he waits for its formal acceptance, noting that these deliveries are in line with the Army's thrusts on enhancing the capabilities of its ground forces.
"These new armor assets will bolster the Army's capability to deal with constantly evolving threats. With the realization of upcoming big-ticket modernization projects, the Philippine Army is on track to becoming a formidable and adaptive force capable of responding to a multitude of conventional and unconventional threats," he said.
Armor Division commander, Maj. Gen. Efren Baluyot, said the new assets would provide close and immediate indirect fire support for maneuver units while quickly deploying in tactical situations.
Once those AMCs get cleared and start getting operated officially, they will surely enhance the Philippine Army's (PA) operations especially in battles against the Leftist rebels and terrorists within the country.
We should all be thankful to God that our nation has a very essential partner and close friend in Israel which has helped Filipinos a lot in different ways such as the sharing expertise on COVID-19, cooperating on defense, having Filipinos in Israel vaccinated for COVID-19 and providing essential relief to typhoon victims. More on this particular development, it is great to see the Philippine Army acquiring military hardware from Elbit Systems which itself is highly credible not only with its business record and advanced military technologies, but also because they provided military hardware to Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and other nations. I should also state that Israel is home to many high-tech companies which is something that the mainstream media does not even care to cover.
If you truly believe in Lord Jesus, the Holy Spirit and God the Heavenly Father wholeheartedly and you continue to be faithful (not religious), you should be aware that Christians are meant to stand united with Israel, love the Jewish people and pray for the peace of Jerusalem. You can do your part supporting Israel by donating to Christians United for Israel (CUFI). Do not forget to read the Holy Bible, then pray in tongues to the Lord in the privacy of your room with the door shut.
Always be the fearless and aggressive church of Lord Jesus! Always stand in support of Israel!
In ending this I Love Israel piece, posted below are Israel-related videos for your viewing pleasure.
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Never Let the United Nations and Other Worldly Forces Deceive You
September 24, 2021 October 11, 2021 carlocarrasco
Do you seriously believe that the intergovernmental organization called the United Nations (UN) is really working for the good of the world as well as maintaining peace and security? Are you comfortable with the ideas that the UN would affect your personal liberty, violate your nation's sovereignty and meddle in the local affairs?
I asked these questions for you my readers to be aware of what has been going and what is happening around us all in this very divided, screwed-up world we live in. Very recently, the UN had its 76th General Assembly in New York and UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres went ahead with what could be described as acts of fearmongering and making people even more worried during this COVID-19 pandemic.
To put things in perspective, posted below is an excerpt from the Philippine News Agency (PNA) report. Some parts in bold…
United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres raised the alarm on Tuesday as world leaders convened in New York for the 76th General Assembly, telling them to "wake up" in the face of cataclysmic challenges.
Speaking as the General Debate opened, Guterres said the international community is facing "the greatest cascade of crises in our lifetimes."
"We are on the edge of an abyss and moving in the wrong direction. Our world has never been more threatened or more divided," he said. "The Covid-19 pandemic has super-sized glaring inequalities. The climate crisis is pummeling the planet. Upheaval from Afghanistan to Ethiopia to Yemen and beyond has thwarted peace. A surge of mistrust and misinformation is polarizing people and paralyzing societies. Human rights are under fire, and science is under assault."
Guterres blasted searing inequity in vaccine access with the developed world mulling booster shots for its populations while many in developing regions are desperately searching for immunizations.
"This is a moral indictment at the state of our world. It is an obscenity. We passed the science test, but we are getting an F in ethics," he said.
The UN chief further warned that current national climate commitments will see emissions go up 60 percent by 2030, which he said would bring a "hellscape of temperature rises of at least 2.7 degrees above pre-industrial levels" as nations remain "light years away from reaching our targets."
"Instead of humility in the face of these epic challenges we see hubris. Instead of the path of solidarity, we are on a dead-end to destruction," he said.
The stark warning comes after the UN issued a report last week that said the commitments established in the 2015 Paris climate accord, which are largely not being met, would lead to a 16 percent increase in emissions by 2030 compared to 2010 levels. A cut of 45 percent by 2030 is needed to achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century, it added.
Guterres continued to warn of the dangers posed by ongoing great power competition between China and the US, saying he fears the world is heading toward "two different sets of economic, trade, financial and technological rules; two divergent approaches in the development of artificial intelligence, and ultimately, the risk of two different military and geopolitical strategies."
"And this is a recipe for trouble. It would be far less predictable than the Cold War," he said.
Amid the potential global split, Guterres said the UN's powers remain too limited to address the globe's challenges and need to be updated to ensure it could adequately address them.
When it comes to the climate change topic, the year 2030 is repeated yet again and as such it is important to point out that related climate change initiatives like the Green New Deal is a scam and renewable energy is itself unreliable as it depends on the cooperation with the weather (note: established energy forms like fossil fuels and nuclear power remain consistent, reliable and essential). It should be noted that climate change initiatives can be quite destructive to people socially and economically. Learn from the following videos below…
When it comes to the international community, the UN has a history of condemning Israel (click here and here) within its spectrum. Anti-Semitism is the norm for the UN for a long time now and there does not seem to be any movement from the UN leadership to stop it. As such, Israel has to keep defending itself. The lies that Israel is evil continue to circulate and I urge you readers not to be consumed by all the deception propagated by the enemies of Israel within the UN's membership. As the UN cannot even solve its anti-Semitism problem within, how can they even prove their worth internationally with such developments like the what happened recently in Australia due to COVID-19 and Pakistan's link with the Taliban in connection to the tragedies that happened in Afghanistan? Do we really need the United Nations at all? Learn from the videos below…
Finally, I want to point out that as the children of the Heavenly Father, we the faithful should follow Him, not the world. What is worldly is clearly not holy. Even world leaders are not immune to sin and the many temptations that come with the power they wield over people. The evil one – Satan – is clearly causing division worldwide using many methods and human pawns, and not a lot of people depending on worldly authorities and influences realize that. Learn from the holy scriptures below…
The Festival of Unleavened Bread, which is also called Passover, was approaching. The leading priests and teachers of religious law were plotting how to kill Jesus, but they were afraid of the people's reaction.
Then Satan entered into Judas Iscariot, who was one of the twelve disciples, and he went to the leading priests and captains of the Temple guard to discuss the best way to betray Jesus to them. They were delighted, and they promised to give him money. So he agreed and began looking for an opportunity to betray Jesus so they could arrest him when the crowds weren't around.
Luke 22:1-6 (NLT)
Thus says the Lord:
"Cursed is the man who trusts in man
And makes flesh his strength,
Whose heart departs from the Lord.
Jeremiah 17:5 (NKJV)
Jesus answered and said to him, "Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God."
Lord, it is so much better to trust in you to save me than to put my confidence in someone else.
Yes, it is so much better to trust in the Lord to save me than to put my confidence in celebrities. Once I was hemmed in and surrounded by those who don't love you. But by Yahweh's supernatural power I overcame them all!
Yes, they surrounded me, like a swarm of killer bees swirling around me. I was trapped like one trapped by a raging fire; I was surrounded with no way out and at the point of collapse. But by Yahweh's supernatural power, I overcame them all!
Psalm 118:8-12 (TPT)
Trust in the Lord with all your heart,
And lean not on your own understanding;
In all your ways acknowledge Him,
And He shall direct your paths.
Proverbs 3:5-6 (NKJV)
Very clearly, it is only the Heavenly Father, His Son Lord Jesus and the Holy Spirit who can protect us, heal us, lift us up and protect us all from Satan and the screwed-up world. The United Nations cannot do the same for it (along with other worldly bodies out there) is vulnerable to sin and temptation, not to mention being influenced by the climate change extremists, the Marxists, the socialists, the secularists, the abortionists, the Communists, the liberals, the SJWs, the covetous, the religious extremists, the atheists, the fascist and the terrorists. Where is the spark for the UN to reform itself in and out? What we can do is pray to the Lord so that the worldly forces will realize their errors, stop doing Satan's will, come to the Lord, repent to Him and submit themselves to His authority.
Any person of faith knows it is only the Lord anyone can truly trust wholeheartedly and worship eternally. It is only the commands from the Lord we should follow, not the commands of the worldly. As people of faith, we must always stand with the Lord and spread the Word of God to the countless unsaved and lost souls everywhere to help them realize that Jesus is Lord and Savior of all and He is truly the only way to salvation. True peace, stability, security and prosperity will be realized under the Lord, not under worldly forces.
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I Love Israel: Israel health experts in the Philippines to assist in COVID-19 matters
June 22, 2021 June 22, 2021 carlocarrasco
Before starting the topic of this article, I want to reach out to all business people and Israel supporters reading this that the Israel Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines (ICCP) will be having its 23rd General Membership Meeting tomorrow (June 23) 5PM via Zoom. As of this writing, registration is still ongoing. If you are interested in the event and if you want to know the latest about Israel-Philippine relations, I recommend you get registered now.
Now for the topic on hand…
In case you missed the news, Israel now has a new Prime Minister – Naftali Bennett. Before he took office, Israel committed to send their health experts to the Philippines and help solve the COVID-19 crisis. The good news is that they arrived this past weekend.
To put things in perspective, posted below is an excerpt from the Philippine News Agency (PNA) report. Some parts in boldface…
Three Israeli experts arrived in Manila on Sunday to assist the Philippines in its coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) response and to share Israel's best practices as one of the world leaders in vaccinating its population.
The team is composed of Avi Ben-Zaken, deputy director of medical technologies and infrastructure development at Ichilov Hospital; Dafna Segol, senior strategic planner at Covid-19 control center of the Israeli Ministry of Health; and Adam Segal, logistics and operations manager at SLE, who's also experienced in resolving complex supply chain challenges.
From June 20 to 25, the delegation will meet with the Philippines' top medical experts and visit some vaccination sites and cold storage facilities in Metro Manila.
"The inputs from our guest will enable us to fine-tune our approaches so that we can get the anti-Covid jab into the arms of as many Filipinos in the most effective and efficient ways possible," vaccine czar Carlito Galvez Jr. said after welcoming the delegation at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport.
"We are optimistic that this week will provide us an opportunity to share our best practices, lessons learned, and recommendations on how we can further improve our vaccination systems and procedures, and realize our goal of achieving herd immunity within this year," he added.
Galvez said the Israeli delegation would discuss how to boost vaccine uptake, efficiently deploy jabs, and how to handle "sensitive" vaccines, specifically those manufactured by Pfizer and Moderna.
The visit also comes timely as the country signs a deal to procure 40 million doses of Pfizer-BioNTech jabs, which will arrive in the third and fourth quarter of the year.
"Israel is one of the world models in terms of efficient and swift deployment of vaccines so iyon ang gusto nating malaman (so that's what we want to learn) to have some sort of minimized wastage," Galvez told reporters in an interview.
Israel no longer requires its citizens to wear masks even indoors as its infections continue to decline following a robust vaccination program that has so far fully inoculated 59.49 percent of its population.
And here is a relevant news video about the development…
Even though the Philippine authorities have been working hard to solve the COVID-19-related problems, major improvements are very much needed and we will find out soon enough what the Israeli health experts will advise. The nation's population is north of 100 million people and the expert advise of Israel on COVID-19 matters is indeed crucial. Definitely, more cooperation between Israel and the Philippines is needed. My native country should do its part in defending Israel in the diplomatic arena.
As a believer in Israel-Philippines relations, I am very thankful to the State of Israel as they went ahead in providing help to my native Philippines. It is a shame, however, that the Philippines at the corrupt United Nations Human Rights Council's (UNHRC) voted in favor of the investigation of alleged war crimes related to the Gaza strip. Last week, it was stated that President Rodrigo Duterte was supposedly not consulted on the UNHRC vote and that he supposedly disagreed with it. If you ask me, no worldly organization such as the United Nations (UN), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Criminal Court (ICC) should be allowed to abuse its powers on nations by means of diplomatic bullying, and they should not be allowed to violate any nation's sovereignty. In fact, those worldly organizations should be investigated for corruption and their ties to terrorist organizations. Also, remember the fact that Iran continues to sponsor terrorists and supported Israel's enemies. That being said, I stand with Israel and I firmly reject terrorists.
Before ending this article, posted below is a holy scripture for you all…
Moses My servant is dead. Now therefore, arise, go over this Jordan, you and all this people, to the land which I am giving to them—the children of Israel.
Joshua 1:2 (NKJV)
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I Love Israel: Israel sending experts to the Philippines to help with vaccination against COVID-19
June 8, 2021 June 8, 2021 carlocarrasco
So much has happened to Israel in recent times. They defended themselves from the many rockets launched by the terrorists in Gaza (supported by long-time terrorism sponsor Iran) using the Iron Dome defense system which prevented massive deaths and damage from happening.
On the diplomatic arena, it is highly unfortunate that the Philippines voted in favor of the United Nations Human Rights Council's (UNHRC) investigation of the so-called human rights violations and abuses in Gaza which added to what I believe is the latest coordinated international attack against Israel. For the newcomers reading this, the terrorists, the anti-Semites, the Satanic Left (Marxists, socialists, Communists) and other kinds of people who hate Israel have long been using the United Nations as a global weapon against the Jewish state.
Even with these hard developments, I still believe that the State of Israel (whose founding in 1948 is a genuine miracle under the watch of God) is essential in this ravaged world as it is the light against darkness, and they have the undeniable right to defend themselves. With regards to the Israel-Philippines relationship, I still strong believe in it even though my nation committed a major blunder supporting the people who hate Israel at the UNHRC. In accordance to God's Word (the Holy Bible), I will always love Israel and keep blessing it and its people.
While it has been working hard on defending itself on all fronts, Israel still stepped forward in assisting the Philippines by designating three experts (from their Ministry of Health) to enhance the ongoing COVID-19 vaccination operations.
To put things in perspective, here is an excerpt from the article of Philippine News Agency (PNA). Some parts in boldface…
Three experts from Israel's Ministry of Health will help the Philippines to further enhance inoculation efforts against coronavirus disease (Covid-19).
Vaccine czar Carlito Galvez Jr., also the National Task Force (NTF) Against Covid-19 chief implementer, said in a statement on Sunday that the experts are set to arrive on June 20, 2021 to discuss strategies on vaccine deployment, transition to the new normal, and addressing vaccine hesitancy.
The government, he said, is targeting to adopt Israel's interventions on increasing public uptake, which is to provide incentives for vaccine recipients and restrictions for those who are yet to get coronavirus jabs.
Galvez said Israel's method allows people who have received the jabs to increase their mobility and slowly return to normalcy, while those who have not been vaccinated will still need to follow quarantine protocols.
Israel's vaccination program has been "highly successful," according to Galvez.
Israel has officially dropped its outdoors face mask policy on April 18, after inoculating more than half of its population with Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines.
It has also reopened schools and revived economic activities.
Israel's success in having a majority of its people vaccinated for COVID-19 is undeniable and it is indeed a great model for other nations (still struggling with COVID-19) to follow no matter what their politics are. The hatred towards Israel, the false accusations of apartheid thrown against them and the wickedness of the socialists (as well as the Marxist racism-driven movement Black Lives Matter) with siding with the terrorists are nothing more than garbage for everyone witnessing global events through the distorted news and views channeled through Leftist news organizations.
Israel is leading the way in the fight against COVID-19, in helping people getting their respective lives back to normal, and helping nations with much bigger populations to save themselves from COVID-19. In fact, Israel has been providing much-needed assistance to India which has been suffering a lot from their own COVID-19 crisis.
With Israel's dedication on assisting the Philippines confirmed already, this is great news that Filipinos should be very happy about and become more aware of. For months already, COVID-19 vaccination programs have been going on nationwide and there is still a long way to go before even half the population gets vaccinated fully (2 doses for each patient).
Not only are there not enough vaccines arriving here in the Philippines, there are also Filipinos that I observed are hesitant of getting vaccinated for reasons such as phobia towards needles (injections), the fear of side effects with vaccines, fear of waiting too long in line at vaccination sites due to overcrowding or disorganization (look at the disastrous Pfizer launch in Parañaque City), the inability of certain people to register (the DILG called for additional help for non-techie senior citizens while Las Piñas City recently launched a 3rd option of assisted on-site registration), and more.
How the Israeli experts will help the Philippines solve the above-mentioned factors, we will find out soon enough. What is clear is that the Israel-Philippines relationship is still living and the recent setback at the UNHRC is temporary. Eventually by the end of this year, direct flights between the Philippines and the Jewish state will be established and that means golden opportunities for Filipinos (especially those who got fully vaccinated) to visit the Holy Land.
Before ending this article, posted below is a holy scripture…
"I will plant Israel in their own land,
never again to be uprooted
from the land I have given them,"
says the Lord your God.
Amos 9:15 (NIV)
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Bougainvillea: a Love-Hate Relationship
Dorught Tolerant, Yet Colorful
March 20, 2014 Joshua Siskin Drought Tolerant No comments
dwarf crown of thorns (Euphorbia millii 'Splendens') in front of Marriott Hotel, Sherman Oaks
Question: I'm tired of reading books and articles on drought-tolerant plants featuring just spiny, cactusy plants. I want color and beauty. The idea of living without flowers and color is depressing. It is the jolt of a newly discovered blossom that gives one an adrenaline rush in the morning. Please write a book on this subject.
– Maria Munoz
Answer: There is an enormous misconception about flowering plants and their water needs.
The main limiting factor to plant growth is cold. That's why planting zones are determined by average coldest winter temperatures in each zone. Planting zones are not determined by annual rainfall.
Nearly all plants, properly sited and mulched, exhibit a marked degree of drought tolerance. Where gardening practices are consistent and enlightened, few perennial plants require more than two soakings per week, even in the hottest weather.
Let's define soaking as saturating the soil in a plant's root zone, whether with a hose or by drip irrigation. Mulch should be 2 inches deep between the trunk and the canopy perimeter line, sometimes referred to as the drip line since this is where water drips off a tree when it rains.
You should also fertilizer perennials at least once a year, in early February, with 2 pounds of actual nitrogen per 1,000 square feet and lesser amounts of phosphorus and potassium. Ideally, the ratio between these three elements should be 3-1-2 (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium). Fertilization is best achieved by moving aside the mulch around the plant and sprinkling fertilizer over the soil surface. Strong, fertilized plants are best able to withstand dry weather conditions.
There are many drought-tolerant plants that show flowers (or colorful appendages known as bracts) throughout the year. Among these are bougainvillea, crown of thorns (Euphorbia millii), lavender and gazania.
Plants that grow from bulbs and associated underground storage organs (rhizomes, tubers and corms) are also drought tolerant to varying degrees.
Irises should be at the top of this list. Call them backyard orchids since no other plants, except orchids, can rival their voluptuous beauty. In fact, iris blooms have a silky softness that is lacking in many orchid species, whose flower texture is often waxy.
A special word of caution is in order concerning mulch. Where lavender, rosemary, California natives and many other drought-tolerant plants are concerned, the safest mulch is either gravel or decomposed granite. Organic mulches, such as the highly popular shredded cedar bark, hold water and, when used in conjunction with drought-tolerant species, must be kept a good 6 inches away from plant stems. When plant stems or tree trunks make contact with organic mulch, they can quickly rot.
Perhaps the best pictorial website for learning about the blooming possibilities encompassed by California natives is www.laspilitas.com. Among other features, there are pages on the site devoted to plants that bloom in each of the four seasons (February, May, August and November) so that, designing exclusively with leafy, non-cactusy natives, you can see flowers throughout the year and adhere to minimal water use.
But I would not close the door on succulent plants. For example, there is an extremely colorful, delightfully designed garden at Westholme Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard in West Los Angeles. All of the plants are succulents but each was chosen for its colorful foliage, with the exception of a crown of thorns hedge, which sports scarlet bracts throughout the year. The result is an unrivaled cornucopia of blue, lavender, red, pink, yellow and orange.
There are also some recently planted, mostly water-thrifty specimens, with unusual shapes and textures, worth examining at a medical building on the north side of Roscoe Boulevard opposite Northridge Hospital Medical Center. An attractive mulch of small, flesh-colored stones has been used as a water-saving ground cover for the plants on display. There is a spectacular crossvine (Bignonia capreolata 'Tangerine Beauty') at the entrance that, thanks to its tendrils, has the capacity to climb more than 50 feet. It is a desirable selection for covering a tall chain link fence, trellised wall or gazebo.
Q: How and when should gardenias be thinned?
– Catherine Barabas
A: Gardenias should be pruned sparingly, if at all, and only to remove asymmetrical growth outside the main body of the plant and to remove spindly growth from the inside. This should be done following completion of summer bloom, since gardenias begin producing next year's flower buds in the fall.
Gardenias do not require pruning for their health. The goal in pruning them is to create a more symmetrical plant and to promote additional blooming on inside growth.
Q: I have lived in the same house (Reseda Boulevard, south of Rinaldi Street) for 29 years. Two years ago the rabbits came. Cute at first, they are eating me out of house and home. They loved the gazanias in the parkway and lots more. Any ideas?
– Steve Goldstein
A: Although no plants deter rabbits, and hungry rabbits will eat virtually any vegetation, there is anecdotal evidence that rabbits may avoid some shrubs, perennials and vegetables.
The list includes yarrow, barberry, boxwood, silverberry (Elaeagnus), fuchsia, holly, roses, rosemary, viburnum, yucca, bear's breech (Acanthus), daffodils, pampas grass (Cortaderia), euphorbia, sedum, geraniums, hellebore, irises, lupine, freeway daisies (Osteospermum), bamboo, celery, tomatoes, onions and parsnips.
The only sure way of keeping rabbits away is with a fence. It should be 3 feet above ground, going down 6 to 10 inches below ground, with a flange of a few inches bent outward at the bottom to thwart tunneling below. The mesh size should be no larger than 1 inch to prevent baby rabbits from squeezing through.
I would consider replacing your gazania with golden sedum (Sedum rupestre 'Angelina'). This plant is as highly resistant to drought as any other ground cover and is reputedly unappetizing to rabbits. As it ages, golden sedum gradually changes color from yellow-green to deep gold.
Encino Elementary School parents have done a beautiful job filling up planters throughout the school grounds that had been empty for years. What a pleasant, uplifting surprise for children and staff to see pansies, snapdragons, begonias and gardenias where nothing but dirt had been visible a short time ago. While visiting, I noticed a wonderful hedge along the school wall on Addison Street. The plant is known as long-leafed yellowwood (Podocarpus henkelii). It has charmingly droopy foliage and may be planted either as a hedge or, individually, as a specimen tree.
drought tolerant and colorful plants

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Paintings, Drawings and Mixed Media Work
Holly Ekwejunor-Etchie
About Holly Ekwejunor-Etchie
Holly Ekwejunor-Etchie is a Chicago-based painter, focused on the human figure. Each finished figure has been altered from its original design, constantly reworked throughout the painting process. Brushstrokes, layering, color, and distortion are used to transform the figure until an identity uniquely its own is reached, often challenging contemporary notions of masculinity, femininity and race.
Holly studied painting at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and is currently an artist at Fulton Street Collective.
Find Holly on Instagram @etchiestudio. Click the form below to contact Holly.
Contact Holly


text:
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#	include "config.h"
#endif

#include <php.h>
#include <zend_exceptions.h>
#include <ext/spl/spl_exceptions.h>

#include <glib.h>

#include "php_glib.h"
#include "php_glib_internal.h"

zend_class_entry *glib_ce_source;
zend_object_handlers glib_source_object_handlers;

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Glib\Source class API
------------------------------------------------------------------*/

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO(Source___construct_args, ZEND_SEND_BY_VAL)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto void \Glib\Source->__construct()
        Creates a new source and implicitly calls start on it, so you don't have to call start
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, __construct)
{
	if (zend_parse_parameters_none_throw() == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	// we put the zval in the php_glib_source and shake it all up
	glib_source_object * source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	source_object->source = g_source_new(&php_glib_source_funcs, sizeof(GPhpSource));
	source_object->source = g_source_ref(source_object->source);
	source_object->is_php_source = TRUE;

	GPhpSource *gsource = (GPhpSource *)source_object->source;

	// copy our zval into our internal struct, return with getContext
	ZVAL_COPY(&gsource->source_zval, getThis());
	zval_add_ref(&gsource->source_zval);
	zval_add_ref(&gsource->source_zval);
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_attach_args, IS_LONG, 0)
	ZEND_ARG_OBJ_INFO(0, context, Glib\\Main\\Context, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto void \Glib\Source->attach(Context $context)
        attaches a source to a main context
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, attach)
{
	zval *context_zval = NULL;
	glib_main_context_object *context_object;
	glib_source_object *source_object;

	if (zend_parse_parameters_throw(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "O", &context_zval, glib_ce_main_context) == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	if(context_zval == NULL) {
		zend_throw_exception(spl_ce_InvalidArgumentException, "Invalid context sent", 0);
		return;
	}

	context_object = Z_GLIB_MAIN_CONTEXT_P(context_zval);
	source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	GLIB_CHECK_INITIALIZED(source_object->source, Glib\\Source)

	if(g_source_is_destroyed(source_object->source)) {
		zend_throw_exception(spl_ce_RuntimeException, "Source has been destroyed", 0);
		return;
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	RETURN_LONG(g_source_attach(source_object->source, context_object->main_context));
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_destroy_args, IS_VOID, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto void \Glib\Source->destroy()
        removes a source from a main context and marks it as destroyed
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, destroy)
{
	glib_source_object *source_object;

	if (zend_parse_parameters_none_throw() == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	GLIB_CHECK_INITIALIZED(source_object->source, Glib\\Source)

	g_source_destroy(source_object->source);
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_isDestroyed_args, _IS_BOOL, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto bool \Glib\Source->isDestroyed()
        removes a source from a main context and marks it as destroyed
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, isDestroyed)
{
	glib_source_object *source_object;

	if (zend_parse_parameters_none_throw() == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	GLIB_CHECK_INITIALIZED(source_object->source, Glib\\Source)

	RETURN_BOOL(g_source_is_destroyed(source_object->source));
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_setPriority_args, IS_VOID, 0)
	ZEND_ARG_TYPE_INFO(0, priority, IS_LONG, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto void \Glib\Source->setPriority(int priority)
        sets the priority of a source
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, setPriority)
{
	zend_long priority;
	gint set_priority;
	glib_source_object *source_object;

	if (zend_parse_parameters_throw(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "l", &priority) == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	GLIB_CHECK_INITIALIZED(source_object->source, Glib\\Source)
	set_priority = priority;

	g_source_set_priority(source_object->source, priority);
}
/* }}} */

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_getPriority_args, IS_LONG, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* {{{ proto int \Glib\Source->getPriority()
        sets the priority of a source
   */
PHP_METHOD(GlibSource, getPriority)
{
	glib_source_object *source_object;

	if (zend_parse_parameters_none_throw() == FAILURE) {
		return;
	}

	source_object = Z_GLIB_SOURCE_P(getThis());
	GLIB_CHECK_INITIALIZED(source_object->source, Glib\\Source)

	RETURN_LONG(g_source_get_priority(source_object->source));
}
/* }}} */

// somehow figure out how to wrap the existing sources  - gtimeout and friends
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_prepare_args, IS_ARRAY, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_check_args, _IS_BOOL, 0)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* These arguments are optional and nullable which makes PHP 7 unhappy */
#if PHP_VERSION_ID < 70100
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_dispatch_args, _IS_BOOL, 0)
	ZEND_ARG_INFO(0, callback)
	ZEND_ARG_INFO(0, args)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()
#else
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_dispatch_args, _IS_BOOL, 0)
	ZEND_ARG_TYPE_INFO(0, callback, IS_CALLABLE, 1)
	ZEND_ARG_TYPE_INFO(0, args, IS_ARRAY, 1)
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()
#endif

/* If you actually typehint null we can't define this in 7.0 */
#if PHP_VERSION_ID < 70100
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_INFO(Source_finalize_args, ZEND_SEND_BY_VAL)
#else
ZEND_BEGIN_ARG_WITH_RETURN_TYPE_INFO(Source_finalize_args, IS_VOID, 0)
#endif
ZEND_END_ARG_INFO()

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Glib\Source GSourceFuncs handlers
------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void
glib_source_callback_helper(zval *retval, zval *source_zval, const char *name, zval *params, uint32_t param_count)
{
	zend_fcall_info fci;
	zend_fcall_info_cache fci_cache;
	zval caller;

	array_init(&caller);
	add_index_zval(&caller, 0, source_zval);
	add_index_string(&caller, 1, name);

	char * callback_error;
	if(FAILURE == zend_fcall_info_init(&caller, IS_CALLABLE_STRICT, &fci, &fci_cache, NULL, &callback_error))
	{
		zend_throw_exception_ex(spl_ce_BadMethodCallException, 0,
			"Could not call %s source handler, %s", name, callback_error);
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		return;
	}

	/* Handle arguments if necessary */
	fci.param_count = param_count;
	if(param_count > 0) {
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	fci.retval = retval;
	if(FAILURE == zend_call_function(&fci, &fci_cache)) {
		zend_throw_exception_ex(spl_ce_BadFunctionCallException, 0,
			"Could not call %s source handler", name);
	}
	zval_dtor(&caller);
}

static gboolean
php_glib_source_prepare(GSource *source, gint *timeout)
{
	gboolean retval = FALSE;
	zend_long php_timeout = -1;
	zval php_retval;
	GPhpSource *glib_source = (GPhpSource*) source;

	glib_source_callback_helper(&php_retval, &glib_source->source_zval, "prepare", NULL, 0);

	/* Our return must be array [retval, timeout]
	   we can cast those values if they're not bool, long
	   but we must have that format ...
	   TODO: return struct instead? */
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	    || Z_TYPE(php_retval) != IS_ARRAY
		|| zend_array_count(Z_ARRVAL(php_retval)) < 2
		|| zend_hash_index_exists(Z_ARRVAL(php_retval), 0) == FALSE
		|| zend_hash_index_exists(Z_ARRVAL(php_retval), 1) == FALSE) {
		zend_throw_exception(spl_ce_BadFunctionCallException,
			"Prepare must return an array with bool return at [0] and int timeout at [1]", 0);
		if(!Z_ISUNDEF(php_retval)) {
			zval_ptr_dtor(&php_retval);
		}
		return FALSE;
	}

	php_timeout = Z_LVAL_P(zend_hash_index_find(Z_ARRVAL(php_retval), 1));
	*timeout = php_timeout;
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		retval = TRUE;
	}
	zval_ptr_dtor(&php_retval);
	return retval;
}

static gboolean
php_glib_source_check(GSource *source)
{
	gboolean retval = FALSE;
	zval php_retval;
	GPhpSource *glib_source = (GPhpSource*)source;

	glib_source_callback_helper(&php_retval, &glib_source->source_zval, "check", NULL, 0);

	/* we are expecting a boolean return value
		return typehints will error on exception */
	if(Z_ISUNDEF(php_retval)) {
		return FALSE;
	}

	if(Z_TYPE(php_retval) == IS_TRUE) {
		retval = TRUE;
	}

	zval_ptr_dtor(&php_retval);
	return retval;
}

static gboolean
php_glib_source_dispatch(GSource *source, GSourceFunc callback, gpointer userdata)
{
	gboolean retval = FALSE;
	zval php_retval;
	GPhpSource *glib_source = (GPhpSource*)source;

	// TODO: make this work properly?
	// for now send nulls
	zval args[2];

	ZVAL_NULL(&args[0]);
	ZVAL_NULL(&args[1]);

	glib_source_callback_helper(&php_retval, &glib_source->source_zval, "dispatch", (zval *)args, 2);

	/* we are expecting a boolean return value
		return typehints will error on exception */
	if(Z_ISUNDEF(php_retval)) {
		return FALSE;
	}

	if(Z_TYPE(php_retval) == IS_TRUE) {
		retval = TRUE;
	}

	zval_ptr_dtor(&php_retval);
	return retval;
}

static void
php_glib_source_finalize(GSource *source)
{
	gboolean retval = FALSE;
	zval php_retval;
	GPhpSource *glib_source = (GPhpSource*)source;

	glib_source_callback_helper(&php_retval, &glib_source->source_zval, "finalize", NULL, 0);

	/* void is fine, just don't ptr_dtor if we don't have a zval */
	if(Z_ISUNDEF(php_retval)) {
		return;
	}

	zval_ptr_dtor(&php_retval);
}

GSourceFuncs php_glib_source_funcs =
{
	php_glib_source_prepare,
	php_glib_source_check,
	php_glib_source_dispatch,
	php_glib_source_finalize
};

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Glib\Source Object management
------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Custom Object Destruction - calls g_source_destroy() */
void glib_source_free_obj(zend_object *object)
{
	glib_source_object *intern = glib_source_fetch_object(object);

	if(!intern) {
		return;
	}

	GSource *source = (GSource *)intern->source;

	/* this will make finalize call, we MUST do this before freeing the source zval */
	if(intern->source != NULL) {
		g_source_destroy(source);
		g_source_unref(source);

		if(intern->is_php_source) {
			GPhpSource *psource = (GPhpSource *)intern->source;
			if(!Z_ISNULL(psource->source_zval) &&
				!Z_ISUNDEF(psource->source_zval)) {

				Z_TRY_DELREF_P(&psource->source_zval);
				ZVAL_UNDEF(&psource->source_zval);
			}
		}
	}

	zend_object_std_dtor(&intern->std);
}

/* Custom object creation - calls g_source_new() */
static zend_object* glib_source_create_object(zend_class_entry *ce)
{
	glib_source_object *intern = NULL;

	intern = ecalloc(1, sizeof(glib_source_object) + zend_object_properties_size(ce));

	intern->is_php_source = FALSE;
	intern->source = NULL;

	zend_object_std_init(&(intern->std), ce);
	object_properties_init(&(intern->std), ce);
	intern->std.handlers = &glib_source_object_handlers;
	return &(intern->std);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Glib\Source Interface Definition and Registration
------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static const zend_function_entry glib_source_methods[] = {
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, __construct, Source___construct_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC | ZEND_ACC_CTOR)
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, attach, Source_attach_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, destroy, Source_destroy_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, isDestroyed, Source_isDestroyed_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, getPriority, Source_getPriority_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)
	PHP_ME(GlibSource, setPriority, Source_setPriority_args, ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC)
	PHP_ABSTRACT_ME(GlibSource, prepare, Source_prepare_args)
	PHP_ABSTRACT_ME(GlibSource, check, Source_check_args)
	PHP_ABSTRACT_ME(GlibSource, dispatch, Source_dispatch_args)
	PHP_ABSTRACT_ME(GlibSource, finalize, Source_finalize_args)
	ZEND_FE_END
};

PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(glib_source)
{
	zend_class_entry ce;

	memcpy(&glib_source_object_handlers, zend_get_std_object_handlers(),
		sizeof(zend_object_handlers));
	glib_source_object_handlers.offset = XtOffsetOf(glib_source_object, std);
	glib_source_object_handlers.clone_obj = NULL;
	glib_source_object_handlers.free_obj = glib_source_free_obj;

	INIT_NS_CLASS_ENTRY(ce, GLIB_NAMESPACE, "Source", glib_source_methods);
	ce.create_object = glib_source_create_object;
	glib_ce_source = zend_register_internal_class(&ce);
	glib_ce_source->ce_flags |= ZEND_ACC_EXPLICIT_ABSTRACT_CLASS;

	return SUCCESS;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


38 So the priest Zadok, the prophet Nathan, and Benaiah son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, went down and had Solomon ride on King David's mule, and led him to Gihon. 39There the priest Zadok took the horn of oil from the tent and anointed Solomon. Then they blew the trumpet, and all the people said, 'Long live King Solomon!' 40And all the people went up following him, playing on pipes and rejoicing with great joy, so that the earth quaked at their noise.


text:
Land League
The Land League was an organization that began in Ireland in 1879. Its aim was to make life fairer for Irish farmers, because the land they worked on was usually owned by wealthy British men. The Land League had some success, but it was shut down by the British Government.
Michael Davitt
End of the Land League
Michael Davitt lost one of his arms when he was working a machine as a young boy.


text:
HomeNewsNo NIN, No Driver's Licence – FRSC
No NIN, No Driver's Licence – FRSC
Victor Isaiah (REMALI)✓ Thursday, December 17, 2020
The Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) has given notice that it will start enforcing the National Identification Number (NIN) directive on driver's license processing nationwide, with effect from Dec. 21.
Mr Bisi Kazeem, Assistant Corps Marshal (ACM), Corps Public Education Officer, announced this in a statement released on Wednesday, December 16.
"Following the Federal Government's directives on the harmonisation of citizens' data by relevant agencies, the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) had in compliance with the directives earlier put members of the public on notice. As a follow up to that,
.FRSC Management has resolved that effective 21 December, 2020, all applicants for the National Driver's Licence in Nigeria must present the National Identification Number (NIN) from the @nimc_ng before they can be captured for any class of the licences produced by the FRSC."
a statement reads According to Kazeem, all driver's license applicants are, therefore, expected to present their National Identification Number from the date, before they can be attended to, adding that there would be no waiver for anyone.
Bisi further stressed the need for a harmonized database on citizens' information which he said is critical to resolving the challenges of identifying individuals to assist security agencies in data collation and quick retrievals to address some of the national security challenges.
News Nigeria


Webster Dictionary definition: "a rule or law, as of a church; standard for judgment, as the canons of art; the authorized books of the Bible, a bishop's assistant.
In his book, A Systematic theology of the Christian Religion,, James Oliver Buswell said, "The canonicity of the Bible is the quality or character of the Scriptures by which they are our rule of faith and life, as the infallible Word of God. Canonicity thus is equivalent to authority, the divine authority of the Scriptures."
It must be understood that the canon of Scripture did not come from the approval of men or approval of church councils. When God through inspiration gave the Scriptures to men it was at that point they were canonized. It was THE WORD OF GOD.
In the last half of the second century, 2 heresies became a problem.
Gnosticism – Christ never dwelt on the earth in human form.
Montanism – Christ's promise of a Comforter was not fulfilled at Pentecost but the coming of the Holy Spirit was at hand and the end of the world was near.
It must be understood that God established His canon and not "THE CHURCH". The canon of Scripture does not get its authority from the church but the church gets its authority from the canon of Scripture. Remember that the books were inspired when written and thus canonical at that point.
In The Da Vinci Deception by Erwin W. Lutzer he lists six steps as to how the New Testament canon came to be. Though these steps are given later, I would like to quote his six steps here which may help one understand.
1. Letters from apostles were written and received in the churches; copies were made and circulated.
2. A growing group of books developed that were recognized as inspired Scripture. Important questions for their acceptance included: Was the book written by either an apostle or someone who knew the apostles and thus had the stamp of apostolic authority? Was it in harmony with other accepted doctrine?
3. By the end of the first century all twenty-seven books in our present canon had been written and received by the churches. Though some of the canonical lists were incomplete, this is not always to be interpreted as the rejection of some books. Often it simply means that some books were unknown in certain areas.
4. As an indication of both agreement and the widespread acceptance of the New Testament books, we should note that a generation after the end of the apostolic age, every book of the New Testament had been cited as authoritative by some church father.
5. Remaining doubt or debates over certain books continued into the fourth century. It bears repeating that as far as historians know, the first time the list of our twenty-seven books appears was in an Easter letter written by Athanasius, an outstanding leader of the church in AD 367.
6. The twenty-seven books of our New Testament were ratified by the Council of Hippo (AD 393) and the Third Council of Carthage (AD 397).
When the church started in Acts 2 there were no New Testament writings. The title New Testament appears to have been used by an unknown writer against Montanism about 193 AD. The term was used regularly by Origen (185-254 AD) and later writers; The Incomparable Book by Dr.D.L.Brown.
There were many letters and papers written in the early days of the church that were copied and passed around, but they were not all inspired. Only those that came to be recognized as inspired from God were canonized.
John confirmed this of Jesus' ministry – John 21:25.
All the New Testament books were written from the time the church started in Acts 2 until around 95 AD when Revelation was completed. Several things must be considered. First, there were no printing presses so all these original writings had to be hand copied and then passed around so some churches may not have gotten certain books for a long period of time. This would explain why some books may not have been mentioned or used. There also was no headquarters for the church so geographical location played a big part. Judaism had the Temple in Jerusalem but the church was scattered. Christianity was an international religion. The churches were scattered from eastern Asia (1 Peter), western Asia (Revelation), and even Europe (Romans). From this it is easy to understand that not all churches immediately had copies of the various letters. Limitation on travel and communication affected the distribution as well. Obviously a method of selection and verification was important to the early church. As long as the apostles were still alive verification was not a problem but after John died it became different. There was a sort of round-robin circulation of books that steadily grew in number. (Colossians 4:16) By the end of the first century more than two thirds of our present New Testament books were considered inspired. Thus we must consider how those 27 books became known as the Inspired Word of God.
What became an issue then was which writings were the inspired Word of God and which were not. Not every writing, even by the apostles, was inspired.
Antiquity did not determine their inspiration.
For example, 1 Clement was written within the lifetime of the Apostle John but the writings of Clement, Ignatius and Polycarp were never accepted as inspired.
In the early days, all of the divisions of Christianity – Roman, Protestant, Eastern Orthodox – agreed on the New Testament canon.
There has not been serious debate since the days of Athanasius, who prepared a list of the books accepted in his day.
The New Testament books were all written in the latter half of the first century A.D. and almost all of them were clearly known, reverenced, canonized, and collected well before a hundred years had passed.
Good evidence exists that within 50 years of their writing, the Gospels and the major Pauline Epistles were fully accepted as canonized.
Consider the period of time from 70 A.D. to 170 A.D.
This is a vital period in determining the canon because it is only one generation removed from the Apostles.
In the middle of the 2nd century, there would have been some alive yet who had heard the Apostle John preach and teach.
The testimony of this period came from Clement (Bishop of Rome – 95 A.D.), Ignatius (Bishop of Anitoch – 117 A.D., and Polycarp.
In his book, 1 CLEMENT, Clement made mention of four of Paul's Epistles (1 Corinthians, Ephesians, 1 Timothy, Titus) as well as James, John's Gospel and the Epistle to the Hebrews. Clement also referred to the star appearing at Jesus' birth, which he had to have gotten from Matthew.
Ignatius left us 7 letters from which we gain information. He referred to the Pauline Epistle of Ephesians by name. He references 1 Corinthians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians and Philemon. He also refers to Matthew and John. He mentions the birth of Christ narratives, the Virgin Mary, the Davidic ancestry, the birth star, the Crucifixion with details, the Resurrection and Christ's eating with the disciples; all of which came from the 4 Gospels.
Polycarp wrote a letter after the martyrdom of Ignatius, (108-117 A.D.). He refers to the Epistles of Paul implying authority. He referred to Matthew, Acts, Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Timothy, 1 & 2 Peter and 1 John.
Basilides, the Alexandrian Gnostic (117-139 A.D.) also confirmed certain writings as Scripture. He spoke of 1 Corinthians, Romans, Matthew, Luke, John, 2 Corinthians, Ephesians, Colossians, 1 Timothy, and 1 Peter. Basilides' error was not in accepting Scripture but in interpreting it to his own end.
The Ophites, one of the first Gnostic groups, referred to Matthew, Luke, John, Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Ephesians, Galatians, Hebrews and Revelation. While they used other writings, there is no indication they considered the other writings canonical.
Another work called the EPISTLE OF BARNABAS (author unknown) is the first orthodox writing to quote a book of the New Testament as Scripture. It quotes Matthew 20:16 with the phrase, "as it is written" prefixed. There also may be a reference to 1 & 2 Timothy.
When this period closed, a bulk of the New Testament writings were already in this early age, known and used as profitable.
All the Gospels, except Mark (which parallels Matthew), all of the Pauline Epistles, Hebrews, James, 1 John, 1 Peter, 2 Peter and Revelation are witnessed to. This leaves only 2 & 3 John and Jude without attestation. There is no negative references to these, simply no mention.
The next period is from 120-170 A.D. Extensive writings by numerous others are available. They merely confirm views already established. Many false teachers come on the scene, but they also confirm certain books to be Scripture. Marcion, a noted Gnostic, had a list of books he considered canonized. His list contained an abbreviated copy of Luke, Galatians, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Romans, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians and Philemon. He seemed to rely heavily on Paul's writings and avoided Peter's.
PAPIAS, the bishop in Asia Minor, also had a canonical list. He refers to Matthew, Mark, John, 1 John, 1 Peter and Revelation. He seemed to be opposite of Marcion and avoided Paul's writings.
GNOSTIC VALENTINUS cites Ephesians, Matthew, Luke, John, Romans, Corinthians and Hebrews. His disciple, HERACHION, followed suit.
JUSTIN was martyred in 148 A.D. He clearly refers to Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians, Hebrews and Revelation. He refers to well-defined copies of sacred books.
MURATORI (170 A.D.) had his own canon called the Muratorian Canon. The first lines are missing. It starts with Luke, Acts, 13 Epistles of Paul, Jude, 2 & 3 John and Revelation. He denies certain spurious books. He omits Hebrews, James, 1 John, and 2 Peter. This list is almost exactly like our 27 New Testament books today.
Several minor witnesses are, 2 Epistle of Clement, Dionysius, and Hegesippus. They add nothing to the total picture but confirm it by showing the use of all four Gospels, Acts, 1 Corinthians, Ephesians, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, James, 1 Peter and Revelation.
The final witnesses of this period are actual translations of the New Testament into SYRIAC and LATIN.
The SYRIAC, also known as PHESHITO, is dated about 150 A.D. It was used in Syrian churches and contained all of the present New Testament canon, except 2 & 3 John, 2 Peter, Jude and Revelation.
The OLD LATIN version dates also to the 2nd century (150 A.D.) Carthage, Africa was the center of OLD LATIN CHRISTIANITY. The Old Latin version contained all our present canon except 2 Peter, James and Hebrews. Because there was a false APOCOLYPSE OF PETER abroad, the 2 Epistle of Peter was not to be lightly accepted.
Combining the two versions of the extreme East and extreme West at the early date of 170 A.D., we have just what we should expect from abundant other evidence – the present canon of the New Testament with no additions and the omission of only 2 Peter.
There was not even one book that gained any noticeable degree of recognition only to lose it later on. The Gospels and Paul's Epistles gained immediate recognition. Other books were accepted in certain areas and yet not in others. Finally, they were all universally accepted. The last one to pass the test was 2 Peter.
The four Gospels and the Epistles of Paul were widely accepted, so there is no reasonable doubt concerning them. From there we can use the principles laid down in the unquestioned books, in the undoubted teaching of Christ and the Apostles to assist in deciding questions where the evidence is more scanty.
Before I go into detail concerning the tests, I want to print a list of tests that is printed in General Biblical Introduction by Rev. H. S. Miller.
1. Divine authorship. Inspiration. Is it inspired? Was it given by God through the Spirit; through men; or did it come from man alone?
3. Genuineness. Is it genuine? Can it be traced back to the time and to the writer from whom it professes to have come? Or, if the writer cannot be named positively, can it be shown to contain the same matter, in every essential point, as it contained when written?
4. Authenticity. Is it authentic? Is it true? Is it a record of actual facts?
5. Testimony. In modern times another test may be added: the testimony of the Jewish church, the early and later Christian church, the church councils, and the ancient versions of the Bible.
As you will note in the following material I will cover this in a little different way.
The first conclusion is that portions, at least of the New Testament, were written with the EXPECTATION that they were to be received and obeyed. Jesus declared in the Olivet Discourse that His words would never pass away (Matthew 24:35; Luke 21:33). It is obvious that the Apostles, by virtue of Christ's resurrection, came early to belief in His words and acted upon them – to the death. The writings of the Apostles make the claim that they are authoritative and inspired. We come to the conclusion that Paul and the Apostles were conscious that they wrote as men inspired by God. The concept was "thus saith the Lord".
The second test was apostleship. Irenaeus had seen the Apostles and regarded them very highly. He wrote, "The apostles received the Gospel for us from the Lord Jesus Christ. Jesus was sent forth from God, so then Christ is from God and the apostles from Christ." He, as well as others, believed that canonicity came by the authority of the Apostles. If the Apostles wrote it, it was from God. If an apostle did not write it, it was not in the canon.
Ephesians 2:20 – "And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone."
Ephesians 3:5 – "Which in other ages was not made known unto the sons of men, as it is now revealed unto his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit."
According to these verses, the Apostles laid the foundation of the church and that certainly would have included the giving of inspired Scripture. The early church fathers accepted the fact that the Apostles wrote with inspired authority. If an apostle wrote it, it was without question. This meant that the book either had to be written by an apostle or backed by one so that either way there was apostolic authority behind the book.
It is plain then that Matthew, John, and the 13 Pauline Epistles were widely and early accepted as canonical because they were written by Apostles. The problem comes with Mark, Luke, Acts, Hebrews, 2 & 3 John, James, 2 Peter and Jude. Without making a long discussion, we point out that Mark was a disciple of Peter and the Holy Spirit used Peter to give Mark information that he wrote under the inspiration of God. Thus, his material was apostolic. Luke, who authored the Gospel of Luke and Acts, was a disciple of Paul and thus also wrote under apostolic direction, inspired by God. Since Hebrews does not name an author, many then believe either Paul or an understudy wrote it. If an understudy wrote it, it would come back again to the apostolic authority of Paul. Since 2 Peter claims Peter's authorship, that is not questioned. The problem is that there is not a lot of external evidence for 2 Peter. However, Jude does refer to 2 Peter, recognizing its apostolic authority. The little books of 2 & 3 John do have sufficient evidence of the Apostle John's apostolic authority and such acceptance by others. The major problem with James and Jude is concerning who the two men were. Were they Apostles? There are at least two James's and two Jude's in the New Testament or possibly three of each. The problem of identifying the two may be why there was a question about putting them in the canon. James, the brother of John, was martyred and Judas Iscariot committed suicide so we know it was not these two apostles. It is also evident that there were two of the original twelve, named James and Jude, who were sons of Alphaeus (Luke 6:16, Acts 1:13). There is also a James and Jude who were half-brothers of Christ. The Roman Catholic view is that they were among the twelve because they would never accept the idea that Mary was not a perpetual virgin and had more children. The common Protestant view is that the half-brothers of Jesus were cousins of the apostles James and Jude thus making them apostolic. My conclusion is that James and Jude were the sons of Alphaeus and of the original twelve thus making the authorship of the two books apostolic. Clement of Rome used the Epistle of James as did Hermas. James was also included in the Syriac version. Jude is mentioned in the Muratorian Canon. Tertullian referred to the Epistle of Jude as authoritative and written by Jude the Apostle. It is also possible that James and Jude, the half-brothers of Christ, were regarded as apostles though they were not originally of the twelve.
Then there is the question of Hebrews. Origen stated, "Who wrote the Epistle, in truth, God knows;" Origen basically believed that the thoughts are those of Paul, but the diction and phraseology are those of someone else who had been an understudy of Paul. Many of the ancients attributed the writing to Paul, making it apostolic. There is considerable outside evidence concerning Hebrew's authenticity. Clement of Rome in 95 AD referred to it. Justin Martyr quoted it. The early Ophites and Valentinus also used it. There is a thought that Paul, being an apostle to the Gentiles, would never have been accepted by the Jews so he did not put his name on the book. If it was written to the Hebrews in the Hebrew dialect but later published in Greek, that could explain the difference in style. Tertullian believed that Barnabas may have written it deriving it from the Apostle Paul; thus making it apostolic.
The early church held the view that if it was inspired, it also was apostolic. If a book was part of the New Testament, it was recognized as inspired if it had been written by an apostle – either by himself or with the help of an understudy (amanuensis).
God's providence, which watched over the preservation as well as the preparation of those sacred books, was doubtless a factor.
A third test was acceptance by the churches. "As the books circulated they had to gain acceptance by the churches. Actually there was no book that was doubted by any large number of churches that eventually was accepted into the canon." Basic Theology by Charles C. Ryrie.
A fourth test was conformity to the rule of faith, or was it consistent with the Old Testament prophets and the New Testament apostles. For example, though the author of Hebrews is unknown, it is seen as an inspired exposition of how Jesus fulfilled Old Testament Law and its rituals.
Much of the above material is compiled from Inspiration and Canonicity of the Bible by R. Laird Harris.
These spurious books were called pseudoepigraphical; that is, fraudulent writings.
Athanasius of Alexandria (AD 367) gives us the earliest list of New Testament books, which is exactly like our present New Testament. This list was in festal letters to the church. Evidence That Demands a Verdict by Josh MacDowell.
Since that time there has been no serious questioning of the twenty-seven accepted books of the New Testament by either Roman Catholic or Protestants. Even if a letter of Paul were discovered today, it would not be canonical because the canon has been determined long ago. Even more recent books written by cults have no claim to be part of the canon of Scripture no matter what their claims may be.
You may have heard, as I have, that Martin Luther believed that the book of James did not belong in the canon but here is his actual statement. "St. John's Gospel and his first Epistle, St. Paul's Epistles, especially those to the Romans, Galatians, Ephesians, and St. Peter's Epistle – these are the books which show to thee Christ, and teach everything that is necessary and blessed for thee to know, even if you were never to see or hear any other book of doctrine. Therefore, St. James' Epistle is a perfect straw-epistle compared with them, for it has in it nothing of an evangelic kind." Thus Luther was comparing (in his opinion) doctrinal value, not canonical validity. Basic Theology by Charles C. Ryrie.
As the church councils became the functions of the Roman Catholic Church they eventually recognized some of the non-canonical books. However, the Reformers never accepted the non-canonical books as Scripture.
These books are referred to as APOCRYPHAL BOOKS, which means hidden or secret, but the term is used in the sense of rejected, or non-canonical. There are actually masses of these books. I would like to list some of these more well-known ones.
1 & 2 Esdras, Tobit, Judith, The Rest of Esther, The Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, with the Epistle of Jeremiah, The Song of the Three Holy Children, The History of Susanna, Bel and the Dragon, The Prayer of Manasses, 1 & 2 Maccabees.
While some of these are valuable for historical reasons, they were never considered canonical by the Jews and they are never quoted in the New Testament.
The teachings of the Twelve Apostles, The Epistle of Barnabas, The First Epistle of Clement, the Second Epistle of Clement, The Shepherd of Hermas, The Apocalypse of Peter, the Acts of Paul, including Paul and Thecla, The Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians, The Seven Epistles of Ignatius, The Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew, The Protevangelium of James, The Gospel of the Nativity of Mary, The Gospel of Nicodemus, The Gospel of the Savior's Infancy, and the History of Joseph the Carpenter.
These books are sometimes referred to as the WIDER APOCRYPHA or as APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE and were written from 200 BC to 200 AD.
APOCALIPTIC BOOKS: The Book of Enoch, The Secrets of Enoch, The Apocalypse of Baruch, The Rest of the Words of Baruch, The Assumption of Moses, The Prophecy of Jeremiah, The Ascension of Isaiah, The Apocalypse of Elijah, The Sibylline Oracles, The Apocalypse of Esdras, The Apocalypse of Zephaniah.
LEGENDARY BOOKS: The Testament of Adam, The Book of Jubilees, The Testaments of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, The Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs, The Testament of Job, The Testament of Solomon, The Life of Asenath, The Penitence of Jannes and Jambres, The Apocalypse of Abraham.
BOOKS OF TEACHING: Magical Books of Moses, The Story of Achiacharus, cup-bearer to Esarhaddon, King of Persia.
POETICAL BOOKS: Psalms of Solomon and Additional to the Psalter.
Seven gospels of Andrew, Bartholomew, Barnabas, Matthias, Thomas, Peter, and Philip. Eight Acts of John, Paul, Peter, Andrew, Thomas, Matthias, Philip and Thaddaeus. Four Apocalypses of Peter, Paul, Thomas, John and the Epistle of Paul to the Laodiceans.
The Apocryphal and Pseudepigraphal books have been published in popular editions under such titles as The Lost Books of the Bible and The Forgotten Books of Eden.
I want to use quotations from three of these books, which will explain why they were never accepted into the New Testament canon.


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Heluva Good! deal for HP Hood dairy plant in Steuben that makes Crowley, Hershey's, more
The Southern Tier dairy industry is expected to get a boost when a Steuben County plant that makes cottage cheese, Heluva Good! dips and other products expands.
A $150,000 grant from Empire State Development will support a $2 million expansion of the HP Hood dairy facility in the Village of Arkport.
The company will install a new high-pressure homogenization system and other equipment at the Arkport facility, one of five dairy plants operated by Hood in New York state.
The Arkport site currently employs 110 workers. The announcement of the expansion does not indicate how employment levels will be affected.
Founded in 1846, HP Hood, based in Lynnfield, Massachusetts, is a national food and beverage processor.
In addition to Heluva Good!, its portfolio of brands includes Crowley Foods, Lactaid, Hershey's Milk and Milkshakes, and Blue Diamond Almond Breeze.
Dairy makes up about half of agricultural production in New York state. New York is home to approximately 4,500 dairy farms with 620,000 cows, producing 14.9 billion pounds of milk, according to Empire State Development.
Related:Schumer visits Campbell cheese plant one year after deal saved 150 jobs
Other Hood facilities in New York are in Vernon, Oneida, Lafargeville and Batavia.
"The expansion of the HP Hood plant in Arkport is great news for local workers and their families, as well as for the short- and long-term strength of the agricultural and food manufacturing industries in Steuben County and the Southern Tier," state Sen. Tom O'Mara, R-Big Flats, said in a news release. "State investments like this one continue to help strengthen local ag-based economies and encourage badly needed job growth."
Overall, New York state ranks third in the production of milk nationwide and is first in the production of other dairy products such as yogurt and cottage cheese.
Follow Jeff Murray on Twitter @SGJeffMurray. Support our journalism and become a digital subscriber today. Click here for our special offers.
More:A beloved trans woman was brutally murdered by her boyfriend. Her story reveals a nationwide problem
More:Tioga man allegedly sexually assaulted child, then murdered her in cemetery
More:Finger Lakes Land Trust protects Big Flats natural landmark


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Thomson Reuters Recognizes Customer Superstar Award Winners at SYNERGY 2015
DEXTER, Mich. – Thomson Reuters announced the winners of its second annual Customer Superstar Awards. The awards were presented on Thursday during SYNERGY 2015, the company's 35th annual users' conference for tax and accounting professionals, in Orlando, Florida.
The Customer Superstar Awards were created to honor outstanding practitioners and firms in the accounting profession. Winners were selected by a panel of Thomson Reuters judges.
The Taxologist Award, recognizing the firm that has mastered the use of cloud technology to create maximum tax workflow effectiveness: Baldwin CPAs, PLLC.
The Ideas Community Award, recognizing the individual whose collective Ideas Community suggestions received the highest number of votes from practitioner community members over the past 12 months: Ryan McCowan, Greene McCowan & Co., PLLC.
The Innovation Award, recognizing the firm that did the most in the last year to innovate, invigorate, and grow their business: Kmetz, Nuttall, Elwell, Graham, PLLC.
The Rookie of the Year Award, recognizing the new (within the last year) Thomson Reuters client that had the most successful implementation of products and is also being represented at SYNERGY for the first time: Niedoba, Beppel, & Co. LLC.
The myPay Solutions Partner Award, recognizing the firm that did the most to grow their business through a partnership with myPay Solutions: Watts & Hershberger, PC.
"The SYNERGY Users' Conference has always been a time for customers and Thomson Reuters staff to come together and celebrate our unique partnership," said Jon Baron, managing director of the Professional segment with the Tax & Accounting business of Thomson Reuters. "We are proud to honor these firms with our annual Customer Superstar Awards. The winners represent some of the most innovative and progressive firms in the profession today."
To learn more about our Customer Superstar Awards and SYNERGY 2015, visit cs.thomsonreuters.com/SYNERGY/awards.aspx.
Thomson Reuters is the world's leading source of intelligent information for businesses and professionals. We combine industry expertise with innovative technology to deliver critical information to leading decision makers in the financial and risk, legal, tax and accounting, intellectual property and science and media markets, powered by the world's most trusted news organization. For more information, go to www.thomsonreuters.com.


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You are here: Home > Education > Route to Reg HSP
Routes to Registration as a Healthcare Science Practitioner or Biomedical Scientist and information on Practitioners in Reproductive Science.
It is important to understand the meaning of a "Healthcare Science Practitioner." This is a person who is registered with the Academy of Healthcare Science (AHCS), either through completion of the accredited practitioner training degrees (PTP) or through equivalence assessment via the AHCS to the outcome of a PTP degree. Please note there is no such thing as a PTP training scheme for reproductive science. The PTP is an undergraduate training scheme applied for via UCAS. It includes NHS work-based professional training placements and academic learning. Whilst on the programme students will complete an accredited BSc in Healthcare Science and will be eligible for statutory regulation with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) as biomedical scientists. If PTP students specialize in cellular science they will have completed a module in reproductive science however will not have had any hands-on training in an IVF unit.
N.B: It is now possible for employees to undertake the full undergraduate degree as an Apprentice. Further information is available on the UK Government website.
A healthcare science practitioner is different from being a "Practitioner in Reproductive Science". These individuals are either trained or in training to carry out practical tasks in licensed centres, currently using "in house" training. In line with other Practitioners, these individuals cannot undertake clinical decision making. For example, a suitably trained Practitioner could undertake sperm preparation but could not decide whether ICSI or IVF was appropriate. ACE continues to work with the National School of Healthcare Science (NSHCS) and the University of Leeds to deliver two new accredited programmes for Practitioners in Reproductive Science. They will be distance learning programmes designed to support the specific workplace competencies for the role of a Practitioner. They provide externally monitored formal training in protocol driven tasks following the principles of Good Scientific Practice to a standard specified by the Professional Body, underpinned by the appropriate scientific knowledge which has been externally examined. Completion of a programme would provide part of the evidence for a registration portfolio to the AHCS, demonstrating equivalence to the outcomes of the Practitioner Training Programme degree and thereby achieving registration as a Healthcare Science Practitioner on the AHCS register.
Experienced practitioners who have been trained in house should apply for registration now, by one of two possible routes:
1) Academy for Healthcare Science (AHCS) Certificate of Equivalence Practitioner Training Programme.
Registration with the Academy of Healthcare Science (AHCS) as a Healthcare Science Practitioner can be obtained through completion of the AHCS Certificate of Equivalence with the Practitioner Training Programme (PTP). The Professional Standards Authority (PSA) has accredited the AHCS Register for Healthcare Science Practitioners who are not regulated by the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC). By registering via this route, with the AHCS, it shows commitment to maintaining standards of education, competence and conduct providing assurance for employers, patients and the public. This process allows for those in our existing workforce, trained "in house" who are working as a Reproductive Science Practitioners or a Technologist to register. The fee for the equivalence process is currently £50. The AHCS do not prescribe a specific length of training to confer equivalence, although applicants should note that graduates from the PTP programme will complete three years of Bachelors level education including integrated workplace training, and it is unlikely that periods of experience substantially less than this will be deemed adequate.
Applications for the Certificate of Equivalence are considered in three stages, the preliminary (screening) application, preparing the portfolio, submission online and assessment of the portfolio. In the preliminary stage, the applicant's basic qualifications and experience is reviewed through a 1000 word summary of experience and professional references. Once applicants have been approved for portfolio submission, a portfolio must be submitted within six months of the approval date, except in exceptional circumstances.
Applicants should familiarise themselves with all documentation relating to standards of Good Scientific Practice (GSP), PTP equivalence Standards of Proficiency (SoP) and the specialist curriculum of the Practitioner Training Programme (PTP). Evidence will be provided via a portfolio submitted on the AHCS' online IT system. Portfolios are presented mapped against the requirements of the AHCS Standards of Proficiency SoP. The portfolio should not be mapped to the PTP curricula but the PTP curricula should inform you what evidence should be supplied, as assessors will be using the PTP curricula to ensure learning outcomes are met. It is therefore recommended that those applying, study the PTP curriculum and ensure their training and experiences cover the outcomes. The portfolio may contain evidence including but not limited to education and training or employment/experience. The portfolio must begin with a summary of the applicant's training and experience to date. This must be written in the style of a covering report, and must not exceed 5000 words. The report must clearly indicate how competence has been developed, and both the report and the accompanying supporting evidence must be cross-referenced to the AHCS SoP. Once completed the portfolio is submitted online, if accepted as complete the portfolio will then be assessed and applicants informed of the result via a letter.
Further details, such as an applicant's guide to PTP equivalence which gives examples of acceptable portfolio evidence, the equivalence portfolio PTP mapping template and PTP equivalence handbook can be found on The Academy of Healthcare Science website. The AHCS is happy to receive emails from any applicant who needs help with any aspects of the application process.
2) Institute of Biomedical Scientists (IBMS) Certificate of Competence by Equivalence.
Please note the IBMS are currently revising their process and documentation for the Certificate of Competence by Equivalence. The below information applies to their procedures before their process went under review and is therefore not currently available on the IBMS website. As a result this information may be out of date once the IBMS review process is complete. ACE will update this section once we have received further information. If you have any queries regarding this award at this time please direct them to registration@ibms.org as suggested on the IBMS website or keep checking the IBMS website for further updates.
The IBMS now offers a new HCPC approved route called "The Certificate of Competence by Equivalence (Biomedical Scientist)". It is a new award based on experiential learning acquired via academic qualifications and professional practice. To be eligible to become a HCPC registered Biomedical Scientist via this route an applicant must demonstrate there has been at least three years of training and professional practice in the duties and responsibilities commensurate with the minimum level of practice for a registered biomedical scientist under a named HCPC registered mentor. An applicant must also have a minimum of a Bachelor Honours level qualification. The initial application will require the applicant to write a summary of professional experience which should be around 500 words and should contain a description of main duties currently undertaken and a brief summary of previous experience that is relevant to the application. A laboratory self-assessment form will also be required to demonstrate the applicant is working in a suitable training environment. If applicants are successful the IBMS Registration Equivalence Portfolio will be issued. Once an application has been approved the portfolio of evidence must be submitted within 12 months of the approval date. The portfolio is mapped against the IBMS registration Equivalence Portfolio and thereby the HCPC standard of proficiency for biomedical scientists. Portfolio assessment will follow and if accepted a candidate interview of between 30-60 minutes will follow.
Successful completion of the process will entitle the candidate to an IBMS Certificate of Competence by Equivalence (Biomedical Scientist) for HCPC registration as a Biomedical Scientist.
You can find the IBMS Certificate of Competence by Equivalence (Biomedical Scientist) Programme Handbook, Programme Specification and Guidance for Applicant as well as further information on the IBMS website.


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HomeEntertainmentHarry Hamlin says wife Lisa Rinna made the 'right decision' to leave 'RHOBH'
Harry Hamlin says wife Lisa Rinna made the 'right decision' to leave 'RHOBH'
Harry Hamlin is standing by his wife Lisa Rinna's decision to leave "Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" after eight seasons on the show.
"[It was the] correct decision, the right decision to make at this point after eight years," the actor, 71, told People on Friday.
"I think she took it as far as she could take it, and she elevated the show."
"Now it's time to move on," he added. "Eight years is a long time to do anything, the same thing over and over again. It's time to move along."
Hamlin's comments come one day after his wife announced that she was leaving "RHOBH" after her contract expired at the end of Season 12.
"This is the longest job I have held in my 35-year career and I am grateful to everyone at Bravo and all those involved in the series," Rinna, 59, told People on Thursday.
Harry Hamlin said his wife Lisa Rinna made the "right decision" by leaving "Real Housewives of Beverly Hills."
Getty Images for NYFW: The Shows
"It has been a fun eight-year run and I am excited for what is to come!"
Per the outlet, the Rinna Beauty founder and Bravo mutually agreed to part ways.
Rinna left the Bravo series after eight seasons.
Several of Rinna's former castmates reacted to the news of her departure on social media, including Lisa Vanderpumpwho simply tweeted, "Ding dong."
Erika Jayne, on the other hand, was sad to see her friend leave.
On Friday, the singer, 51, told TMZ that no one can fill Rinna's shoes on the show, adding that she was "f–king GOAT."
"I'm going to miss Lisa very much," Jayne continued. "I mean, obviously, I think she's a very close friend of mine in my personal life, so you know, I will still see her, but she will be missed and I think everyone will feel it."
"Real Housewives" producer Andy Cohen also showed his love for Rinnawhom he said had an "iconic run" on the Bravo series.
Hamlin/Harry


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Q: How close is the analogy between regular systems of parameters and smooth coordinate charts? Let $X$ be a smooth variety with dimension $ n$ and $ p \in X $ a closed point. By definition, $ \mathscr{O}_p$ is a regular local ring, so we can choose a regular system of parameters $ u_1, \dots, u_n$ to generate the maximal ideal in $ \mathscr{O}_p$. There is a very strong analogy between smooth coordinate charts and a regular system of parameters:

*

*The stalk $ \Omega_{\mathscr{O}_p / k} $ of the cotangent bundle is a free $ \mathscr{O}_p$-module with basis $ du_1, \dots, du_n$.

*The completion $ \widehat{\mathscr{O}_p}$ is the power series ring $ k[[u_1, \dots, u_n]]$.

*If $ Y \subseteq X $ is a smooth sub-variety with codimension $ d $ passing through $ p $, then there is a regular system of parameters $ t_1, \dots, t_n $ such that in some Zariski open neighborhood around $ p $ we have $Y = V(t_1, \dots, t_d)$. This is an algebraic analogue of the rank theorem from differential geometry

 Question:  Does this analogy go "all the way" in the Zariski topology? More precisely, is there some Zariski open neighborhood $ p \in U \subseteq X $ on which the morphism $ U \to k[X_1, \dots, X_n]$ defined by $ p \mapsto (u_1(p), \dots, u_n(p))$ is an open immersion? The second bullet point above says that the analogy goes "all the way" in the analytic topology.

 EDIT:  OK, for an elliptic curve the morphism $ U \to k[X_1, \dots, X_n]$ cannot be an open immersion. Can anything be said about this morphism?

A: OK I am going to answer my own question. The morphism $ U \to k[X_1, \dots, X_n] $ is exactly an etale map. The details can be found in Mumford's red book.

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