text:
Mining accident
For broader coverage of this topic, see List of accidents and disasters by death toll.
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A mining accident is an accident that occurs during the process of mining minerals. Thousands of miners die from mining accidents each year, especially from underground coal mining, although hard rock mining is not immune from accidents. Coal mining is considered much more hazardous than hard rock mining due to flat-lying rock strata, generally incompetent rock, the presence of methane gas, and coal dust. Most of the deaths these days occur in developing countries, and rural parts of developed countries.
Mining accidents can have a variety of causes, including leaks of poisonous gases such as hydrogen sulfide[1] or explosive natural gases, especially firedamp or methane,[2] dust explosions, collapsing of mine stopes, mining-induced seismicity, flooding, or general mechanical errors from improperly used or malfunctioning mining equipment (such as safety lamps or electrical equipment). Use of improper explosives underground can also cause methane and coal dust explosions.
1 Worst mining disaster in history
2 Accidents by year
2.3 21st century
3 Accidents by country
3.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina
3.5 Central African Republic
3.8 Ecuador
3.10 India
3.11 Japan
3.13 New Zealand
3.17 South Africa
3.18 Taiwan
3.19 Tanzania
3.21.1 England
3.21.2 Scotland
3.21.3 Wales
3.22 United States
3.23 Zimbabwe
Worst mining disaster in history[edit]
On April 26, 1942, in the Benxihu (Honkeiko) Colliery (coal mine), what is believed to have been the world's worst mining disaster took place, killing 1,549 miners.[3] The disaster occurred in an area that is now within the bounds of modern-day China, but was then in a portion of China occupied by the Japanese, just north of present-day Korea. The Japanese administrators of the mine had the actual mining work performed by forced Chinese labour under harsh conditions. The disaster first began with a mine fire, but at the time, a hasty decision was made by the Japanese mine operators to promptly cut off the ventilation and to completely seal off the mine to kill the fire. This reportedly left many unevacuated workers still alive within the sealed-off area of the mine to eventually also suffocate. Once the fire was put out in this manner and the mine re-opened, it took 10 days to remove all of the bodies.[4] Of those killed, 1,518 were Chinese, and 31 were Japanese. Afterwards, several bodies were buried in a mass grave. According to a follow-up investigation carried out by the Soviet Union, the majority of the fatalities were not caused by the initial fire, but instead were the result of secondary carbon monoxide poisoning and suffocation.[5][better source needed]
Accidents by year[edit]
Monongah Mining disaster West Virginia, USA 1907.
Senghenydd pit, U.K. 1913.
The Farmington coal mine disaster kills 78. West Virginia, US, 1968.
This is an incomplete list of notable mining accidents and disasters:
19th century[edit]
Main category: 19th-century mining disasters
1872: Pelsall Hall Colliery disaster in Pelsall, West Midlands. 23 people died.
1880: Seaham Colliery explosions in County Durham. The mine suffered an underground explosion which saw the deaths of upwards of 160 people including surface workers and rescuers.[6]
1885: Mardy Colliery in Rhondda Cynon Taf. 85 men and boys killed.
June 17, 1890: Dunbar Furnace Company Hill Farm Mine in Connellsville, PA. 30 Miners died[7]
July 3, 1890: Jordan mine in Lexington, Virginia. While four miners were ascending at the end of the night shift, the cable broke. The cage fell 140 feet killing three workers and injuring one.[8]
Unknown date, 1890: Coalburg, Alabama Eleven killed.[9]
1892: Krebs Mine explosion in Krebs, Oklahoma. Nearly 100 died.[10]
1892: St Mary ore mine fire. Příbram, now Czech Republic, then Austria-Hungary, 319 died.
July 4, 1893: Combs Colliery disaster in Thornhill, England, 139 men & boys died.[11]
1899: Sumitomo Besshi bronze mine area, landslide with debris flow disaster, Niihama, Shikoku, Japan, 512 died.
28 April 1904: 63 people were killed in the worst mine accident recorded in Spain, in Villanueva del Río, Sevilla[12].
20 February 1905 Virginia City Mine explosion (Alabama), One hundred and twelve killed.[13]
March 10, 1906: Courrières mine disaster in Courrières, France. 1,099 workers died in the worst mine accident in European history.
December 1, 1907: Naomi Mine Explosion in Fayette City, PA. 34 workers died.
December 6, 1907: Monongah Mining Disaster in Monongah, WV. Official death toll is 362, but due to inadequate record keeping, the true death toll could be around 500.[14] Victims were mostly Italian immigrants, including children. Considered the worst coal mining accident in American history.[by whom?]
16 December 1907: Yolande mine explosion. Fifty-seven killed.[15]
December 19, 1907: Darr Mine Disaster in Rostraver Township, PA. 239 workers died, including children.
November 13, 1909: Cherry Mine Disaster in Cherry, IL. 259 workers, some as young as eleven, died. The worst mine fire by deaths in America.
December 21, 1910: The Pretoria Pit Disaster in Westhoughton, Lancashire, 344 men and boys lost their lives in an explosion which is the worst mining disaster on one day in England.
April 8. 1911 Banner Mine disaster near Littleton, Alabama. Of the 128 killed, most were Black convicts.
October 14, 1913: Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, the worst Mining accident in the United Kingdom; 439 workers died.
October 22, 1913: Dawson Stag Canon Number 2 Mine Disaster, near Dawson, New Mexico,[16] where 263 workers were killed due to illegal use of dynamite.
June 8, 1917: Speculator Mine Disaster in Butte, Montana. An electric cable being lowered into the mine was accidentally ignited at 2,500 meters below the surface. The fire quickly climbed the cable which ignited the mine's wooden shaft. The shaft thus became a chimney, eliminating the mine's primary source of oxygen. Nearly all of the 168 fatalities were due to asphyxia. It remains the deadliest underground hard rock mining event in American history.
pit.
January 12, 1918 The Minnie Pit disaster in Staffordshire, United Kingdom was a coal mining accident in which 155 men and boys died (144 from carbon monoxide poisoning and 11 from violence plus carbon monoxide poisoning). The disaster, which was caused by an explosion due to firedamp, is the worst ever recorded in the North Staffordshire Coalfield. An official investigation never established what caused the ignition of flammable gases in the pit.
February 8, 1923 Dawson Stag Canon #1 Mine Explosion killed 123, many children of those killed in the explosion at the same mine in 1913. The explosion was due to a derailed mine car that caused sparks and ignited coal dust.
1927–1932: Hawks Nest Tunnel Disaster, near Gauley Bridge, West Virginia, United States. Over several years, 476 workers died from silicosis.
July 2, 1937 The Holditch (also known as Brymbo) Colliery disaster was a coal mining accident in Chesterton, Staffordshire, England, in which 30 men died and eight were injured. It was caused due to a fire and subsequent explosions, and was exacerbated by a decision from management to risk the lives of mine workers to try to save the coal seam.
May 10, 1938: Explosion in Markham No. 1 Colliery near Staveley, Derbyshire, England. 79 workers died and 40 were seriously injured.[17]
April 26, 1942: Benxihu Colliery disaster in Benxi, Liaoning, China. 1,549 workers died, in the worst coal mine accident ever in the world.
February 20, 1946: Monopol Grimberg III/IV disaster in Bergkamen, Ruhr Coalfield, Germany. 405 died.
December 21, 1951: Orient 2 coal mine explosion in West Frankfort, Illinois. 119 workers died.
December 10, 1954: Newton Chikli Colliery disaster, Chhindwara (M.P.), India. Flooding of the mine was caused by inrush of water from old workings of the same mine. There were 112 persons inside the mine when it was inundated. 49 persons managed to escape through the incline; the remaining 63 persons were trapped and drowned.
August 8, 1956: Bois du Cazier disaster in Marcinelle, Belgium. A fire in the mines resulted in 262 casualties; of the 274 people working in Bois du Cazier on that morning, only twelve survived. 138 of the victims were Italian migrant workers.
Jan 22, 1959: Knox Mine disaster at River Slope Mine, Port Griffith Luzerne County, Pennsylvania - flooding from the riverbed above works killed 12 miners
1960: Coalbrook mining disaster, South Africa, 437 died.
9 May 1960: Laobaidong colliery coal dust explosion Datong, China, 682 died.
7 July 1961: Dukla Coal Mine, Dolní Suchá, Czechoslovakia, Fire and therefore poisoning caused death of 108 miners.
9 November 1963: Mitsui Miike Coal Mine disaster Mitsui Miike, Ōmuta, Fukuoka, Japan, 458 died.[18]
May 28, 1965: Dhanbad coal mine disaster took place in Jharkhand, India, killing over 300 miners.
May 17, 1965: Cambrian Colliery in South Wales, 31 died.
October 21, 1966: Aberfan disaster was a catastrophic collapse of a colliery spoil-tip that occurred in the Welsh village of Aberfan, killing 116 children and 28 adults.
November 20, 1968: Farmington Mine Disaster in Farmington, WV. 78 workers died. As a result of the disaster, the U.S. Congress passed the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969.
1972: Wankie coal mine disaster Wankie, Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 426 fatalities.
21 March 1973: Lofthouse Colliery disaster, West Yorkshire, England, seven fatalities.
July 30, 1973: Markham Colliery disaster near Staveley, Derbyshire, England. 18 workers were killed and 11 seriously injured when a descending cage failed to slow at the bottom of the mine shaft.
27 December 1975: Chasnala mining disaster, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India, 372 miners died and another 130 contract workers are claimed to have died when water from adjacent mine gusted after the wall in between collapsed.
8 December 1981: No. 21 Mine explosion near Whitwell, Tennessee. 13 coal miners died as a result of the explosion.[19]
July 19, 1985: Val di Stava dam collapse took place in the village of Stava, near Tesero, Italy, when two tailings dams used for sedimenting the mud from the nearby Prestavel mine, failed. It resulted in one of Italy's worst disasters, killing 268 people, destroying 63 buildings and demolishing eight bridges.
16 September 1986 Kinross Mining disaster. In South Africa an underground fire killed 177 people.
2 June 1988 Borken, Hessen, Germany A lignite mine devastated by an explosion, 57 fatalities.
May 9, 1992: Westray Mine, Pictou County, Nova Scotia. 26 killed in a methane and coal dust explosion.
May 9, 1993: Nambija mine disaster, Nambija, Ecuador. Approximately 300 people were killed in a landslide
August 28, 1994: Rajpura Dariba Mine VRM disaster, Dariba, Udaipur, India: This incident occurred due to flooding of the slurry from a mined VRM Underground mining (hard rock)#Mining methods stop where cemented fill could not settle and its plug failed. This slurry accumulated in the plugged shaft which could not take the load and subsequently failed. This created a sudden fall of the all of the material in the shaft, which resulted in the 63 people working below drowning.[20][21]
10 May 1995 Vaal Reefs, South Africa a locomotive fell down a lift shaft and landed on a cage causing the deaths of 104 people.
21st century[edit]
Main category: 21st-century mining disasters
January 30, 2000: Baia Mare cyanide spill took place in Baia Mare, Romania. The accident, called the worst environmental disaster in Europe since Chernobyl, was a release of 100,000 tons of cyanide contaminated water by an Aurul mining company due to reservoir broke into the rivers Someş, Tisza and Danube. Although no human fatalities were reported, the leak killed up to 80% of aquatic life of some of the affected rivers.
February 19, 2006: Pasta de Conchos accident. 65 miners lost their lives in the mining accident near Nueva Rosita, Coahuila, Mexico. Only 2 bodies have been recovered.
April 5, 2010: Upper Big Branch Mine disaster, West Virginia, United States. An explosion occurred in Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch coal. Twenty-nine out of thirty-one miners at the site were killed.[22]
August 5, 2010: 2010 Copiapó mining accident, Atacama Desert, Chile. The 121-year-old San José copper–gold mine structurally collapsed at 14:05 CLT The heart of the mountain that has the mass of two Empire State Buildings collapsed leaving catastrophic damage to the mine and blocking all possible escape routes for the 33 miners trapped at 2300 feet. All 33 miners were rescued after 69 days of the Initial accident
November 19, 2010: Pike River Mine disaster in New Zealand. At 3:45pm, the coal mine exploded. Twenty-nine men underground died immediately, or shortly afterwards, from the blast or from the toxic atmosphere. Two men in the stone drift, some distance from the mine workings, managed to escape. (Extract from Royal Commission of Enquiry Report on Pike River.)
May 13, 2014: Soma mine disaster took place in Soma, Turkey. The accident, called the worst mining accident ever in Turkey, and it is the worst mining accident in the 21st century so far. 301 people died.
January 6, 2019: 2019 Kohistan mine collapse. The accident killed at least 30 miners.[23]
A total of 8447 deaths are listed above[timeframe?].
Accidents by country[edit]
Main category: Coal mining disasters by country
Main category: Mining disasters in Australia
See also: List of environmental accidents in the fossil fuel industry in Australia
Breaking the News, painted by Australian artist John Longstaff in 1887, depicts a miner informing a widow of her husband's death in a mining accident.
Mount Mulligan disaster 1921-the steel cable drums were blown 50 feet from their foundations.
The Bulli Mine Disaster of 23 March 1887 involved a gas explosion in the mine that killed 81 men and boys, leaving 50 women widows and 150 children without fathers.
The Mount Kembla Mine Disaster of 31 July 1902 was an explosion resulting in the death of 96 miners, including two engaged in rescue work. It remains the worst mining disaster in Australian history.
A coal dust explosion at the Mount Mulligan mine on 19 September 1921 killed 75 or 76 workers.
Tasmania's Beaconsfield Mine collapse occurred on 25 April 2006. Of the 17 people who were in the mine at the time, 14 escaped immediately following the collapse, one was killed and the remaining two were found alive after five days. The survivors were trapped in a 1.5m x 1.2m cherry picker cage, which had saved them from being crushed by rocks.[24] As it was not safe for rescuers to blast their way through, a special borer was brought in to drill an escape shaft. They were finally released on 9 May after 14 days underground.
Three mining disasters occurred at Moura in a 20-year period. The first of these was in 1975, at the Kianga Mine, where 13 men died in an underground explosion. The mine was sealed without their bodies being retrieved. In 1986 a second disaster occurred, as an underground explosion, which took the lives of 12 miners. The bodies of all those persons were retrieved. In Moura on 7 August 1994 a third major mining accident occurred with an explosion at Moura No. 2 Mine. A second explosion at the mine approximately a day and a half later saw rescue attempts abandoned, and the mine was sealed, with the bodies of the 11 miners unretrieved.
In the 1996 Gretley coal mine disaster, near Newcastle, four men were killed when their mining machine broke into the flooded workings of an old coalmine, abandoned over 80 years earlier.[25][26]
Four miners were killed in a windblast incident at the Northparkes mine outside the New South Wales town of Parkes in 1999.[27]
Main category: Mining disasters in Belgium
On March 4, 1887, 120 miners died in a coal mine in La Boule, Borinage due to a methane explosion.[28]
On the morning of August 8, 1956, a fire in the mine Bois du Cazier in Marcinelle caused 262 victims, with only 12 survivors.[29] A mining cart on an elevator cage hit an oil pipe and electricity lines, with the resulting fire trapping the miners. Most of the victims were immigrants (136 Italians, 8 Poles, 6 Greeks, 5 Germans, 5 Frenchmen, 3 Hungarians, 1 Englishman, 1 Dutchman, 1 Russian and 1 Ukrainian.[30])
Bosnia and Herzegovina[edit]
Main category: Mining disasters in Bosnia and Herzegovina
On September 4, 2014, after a 3.5 Richter earthquake hit Zenica caused rock burst in coal mine "Raspotočje", 34 miners remained trapped inside the mine. It was later reported that 5 miners were killed in the accident.[31]
Main category: Mining disasters in Canada
The most well-known mining accidents in Canada have all occurred within the province of Nova Scotia. The most serious of them was a series of three coal mining disasters spanning 65 years referred to collectively as the Springhill mining disasters, which claimed in total at least 138 lives of men and boys due to coal dust explosions. The Westray Mine disaster in 1992 claimed the lives of 26 miners in a methane/coal dust explosion at a recently opened mining operation. Both of these mines were subsequently permanently closed in the wake of these events.
The 1887 Nanaimo mine explosion in Nanaimo, British Columbia killed 150 miners at the No 1 Esplanade Mine. Explosives were laid improperly triggering a massive mine-wide explosion. Most miners were killed instantly, only 7 survived. Of the 150 workers killed, 53 of them were Chinese, the names of which are mostly unknown.
The Hillcrest mine disaster, the worst coal mining disaster of Canadian history, occurred in Alberta in 1914. Deaths from the methane and coal dust-fueled explosion numbered 189; news coverage was eclipsed by the First World War. The mine remained in use until 1939.
Central African Republic[edit]
In June 2013, heavy rains provoked the collapse of a gold mine in Ndassima, killing 37 miners and injuring many others.[32]
Main category: Mining disasters in Chile
In June 1945, during a fire, 355 workers died in El Teniente by inhaling carbon monoxide, in what was called the "Tragedia del Humo" (English: The Smoke Tragedy).
In January 2006, an explosion occurred in a mine in Copiapó, leaving 70 miners trapped underground. The miners were rescued after a brief period of time, but two people died.
In August 2010, 33 miners were trapped underground in Copiapó. After two weeks communication was made with them but it was said at least four more months would pass before they could be rescued, though essential services could still be provided. The rescues began on October 12, 2010 and all the 33 miners were rescued within 22 hours of first rescue. The world watched and cheered.[33]
Main article: List of coal mining accidents in China
According to one source, in 2003 China accounted for the largest number of coal-mining fatalities, accounting for about 80% of the world's total, although it produced only 35% of the world's coal.[34] Between January 2001 and October 2004, there were 188 accidents that had a death toll of more than 10, about one such accident every 7.4 days.[34] After the 2005 Sunjiawan mine disaster, which killed at least 210 miners, a meeting of the State Council was convened to work on measures to improve work safety in coal mines. The meeting's statement indicated serious problems such as violation of safety standards and overproduction in some coal mines. Three billion yuan (360 million US dollars) were dedicated for technological renovation on work safety, gas management in particular, at state-owned major coal mines. The government also promised to send safety supervision teams to 45 coal mines with serious gas problems and invite colliery safety experts to evaluate safety situations in coal mines and formulate prevention measures.[35]
In 2006, according to the State Work Safety Supervision Administration, 4,749 Chinese coal miners were killed in thousands of blasts, floods, and other accidents. For example, a gas explosion at the Nanshan Colliery killed 24 people on November 13, 2006; the mine was operating without any safety license and the Xinhua News Agency claimed the cause was incorrect usage of explosives. However, the 2006 rate was 20.1% less than 2005 despite an 8.1% increase in production.[36]
The New York Times reported that China's lack of a free press, independent trade unions, citizen watchdog groups and other checks of official power has made cover-ups of mining accidents more possible, even in the Internet age. As a result, Chinese bureaucrats habitually hide scandals (such as mine disasters, chemical spills, the 2003 SARS epidemic, and tainted milk powder) for fear of being held accountable by the ruling Communist Party or exposing their own illicit deals with companies involved. Under China's authoritarian system, superiors reward subordinates for strict compliance with goals established by authorities, like reducing mine disasters. Indeed, should a mining accident occur, the incentive to hide it is often stronger than the reward for managing it well, as any disaster is almost surely considered a liability.[37]
In November 2009, a mining accident in Heilongjiang killed at least 104 people. It is thought to have been caused by a methane explosion followed by a coal dust explosion. Three top officials involved with the mining company were promptly dismissed.
On August 30, 2012 an explosion killed 45 people at the Xiaojiawan coal mine in Sichuan province.[38][39] A few days later on September 3, 2012 14 miners were killed at Gaokeng Coal Mine in Jiangxi province.[40]
On March 29, 2013, a landslide trapped 83 people in the Gyama Mine in Tibet.[41]
On 4 January 2014 The Chinese Government stated that 1,049 people died in the year 2013, down 24 percent from 2012.[42]
Ecuador[edit]
About 300 people were killed on May 9, 1993 in the Nambija mine disaster in Ecuador.[43]
On October 15, 2010, shortly after Chile completed its historic, successful rescue of 33 miners who had been stuck underground in the San Jose mine for a record period of nearly 10 weeks, four workers were trapped in an Ecuadoran gold mine following a tunnel collapse. All were confirmed dead by October 20.[44]
Main category: Mining disasters in France
Le Petit Journal illustration of the Courrières mine disaster
The Courrières mine disaster was the worst ever pit mine disaster in Europe. It caused the death of 1,099 miners (including many children) in Northern France on 10 March 1906. It seems that this disaster was surpassed only by the Benxihu Colliery accident in China on April 26, 1942, which killed 1,549 miners. A dust explosion, the cause of which is not known with certainty, devastated a coal mine operated by the Compagnie des mines de houille de Courrières (founded in 1852) between the villages of Méricourt (404 killed), Sallaumines (304 killed), Billy-Montigny (114 killed), and Noyelles-sous-Lens (102 killed) about two kilometres (one mile) to the east of Lens, in the Pas-de-Calais département (about 220 km, or 140 miles, north of Paris).
A large explosion was heard shortly after 06:30 on the morning of Saturday 10 March 1906. An elevator cage at Shaft 3 was thrown to the surface, damaging pit-head workings; windows and roofs were blown out on the surface at Shaft 4; an elevator cage raised at Shaft 2 contained only dead and unconscious miners.
Burra Dhemo Colliery on 26.9.1956
Central Bhowrah Colliery on 20.2.1958
Central Saunda Colliery on 16.9.1976
Central Saunda Colliery on 15.06.2005
Chasnalla Colliery on 27.12.1975
Damua Colliery on 5.1.1960
Gaslitand Colliery on 26 or 27.9.1995
Godavarkhani No. 7 LEP on 16.06.2003
Hurriladih Colliery on 14.9.1983
Jotejanaki Colliery on 28.6.1913
Loyabad Colliery on 16.1.1935
Mahabir Colliery on 13.11.1989
Majri Colliery on 5.8.1953
Makerwal Colliery on 6.7.1942
Newton Chikli Colliery on 10.12.1954
Phularitand Colliery on 11.07.1912
Rajpura Dariba Mine VRM disaster on 28.8.1994
Silewara Colliery on 18.11.1975[45]
Mine disaster of a number occurs from the 1900s to 1980s in Japan, with introduce only large-scale disaster.[46]
New Yubari Coal Mine accident, November 1914, 423 fatalities.
Hokutan Yubari,
April 1912 accident, 276 fatalities.
December 1912 accident, 216 fatalities.
October 1981 accident 93 fatalities.
South Yubari Coal mine accident, May 1985, 62 fatalities.
Bibai coal mine
March 1941 accident, 177 fatalities.
May 1944 accident, 109 fatalities.
Uchigo coal mine caught fire accident in March 1927, 134 fatalities in Iwaki, Fukushima Prefecture
East Mizome coal mine seawater inflow accident in April 1915, 235 fatalities in Ube, Yamaguchi Prefecture
Chosei coal mine submerged cave accident in February 1942, 183 fatalities in Ube.
Hojo coal mine explosion in December 1914, 687 fatalities in Miyata, Fukuoka.
Hokoku coal mine accidents in Itoda, Fukuoka Prefecture.
June 1899 accident, 213 fatalities.
July 1907 accident, 365 fatalities.
Onoura coal mine accidents in Miyata, Fukuoka Prefecture.
November 1909 accident, 243 fatalities.
January 1939 accident, 94 fatalities.
1965 Yamano coal mine accident on June in Maka, Fukuoka, 237 fatalities.
1906 Takashima coal mine explosion on March, 307 fatalities in Nagasaki
1963 Mikawa coal mine accident on November in Fukuoka, 458 fatalities.
The twelve mines in the Netherlands, four of which were state owned, were considered among the safest in the world, with only three larger accidents occurring during 70 years of mining:
-On 13 July 1928 a methane gas explosion killed 13 miners in the state-owned mine Hendrik in Brunssum.
-On 24 March 1947 13 miners from Staatsmijn Hendrik were killed in a fire caused by an overheated conveyor belt.
-On 3 March 1958 7 miners lost their lives when a cave-in occurred at Staatsmijn Maurits in Geleen.
Main category: Mining disasters in New Zealand
The most notable mining accident in New Zealand is the 1896 Brunner Mine disaster, which killed all 65 miners inside. On 19 November 2010, there were four explosions over nine days at Pike River mine; 29 miners were killed and two escaped with minor injuries.
On 19 January 1967, there was an explosion in the Strongman Mine, near Greymouth, on the West Coast. 19 people were killed.[47]
Main article: List of mining disasters in Poland
On November 25, 2006, the worst mining disaster occurred in modern Polish history, 23 miners lost their lives at Halemba Coal Mine, a colliery in the town of Ruda Slaska in the southern industrial province of Silesia. A methane explosion at a depth of 1,030 meters caused the November 21 tragedy. The miners were attempting to retrieve €17 million ($US22 million) worth of equipment from a tunnel when a blast caused the shaft to collapse. The tunnel was supposed to have been closed in March due to dangerously high methane concentrations, but was kept active because of the value of the equipment left behind.[48]
Main category: Mining disasters in Russia
Several major mining accidents have happened in Russia, particularly the Ulyanovskaya Mine disaster of 2007, which killed at least 106 miners. On January 20, 2013, at least four miners have died and four more are missing following an accident at a Russian coal mine. The accident happened at a coal mine in the Kuznetsk Basin region of Russia, in western Siberia.[49]
The history of mining in Spain has left a number of major mining accidents with hundreds of victims. The majority of the accidents and casualties have happened in the North of Spain and are particularly related to coal mining, mainly due to the collapse of structures and gas explosions. Though, the worst recorded accident took place in Villanueva del Río, Sevilla, in the Southwest of the country on 28 April 1904, killing 63 people and leaving several more injured.[50]
A number of major mining accidents happened in South Africa including the following accidents:
437 deaths[51] on 21 January 1960 the Coalbrook mining disaster occurred at Coalbrook North colliery. Coalbrook North colliery was one of the underground collieries of Clydesdale (Transvaal) Collieries Limited and was situated near Sasolburg in the Orange Free State province[52][53]
177 killed on 16 September 1986 at the Kinross gold mine in Evander, Mpumalanga. This is still the world's worst metal mining disaster.[citation needed]
104 deaths on 10 May 1995 at Vaal Reefs number two shaft near Orkney, in the North West, was arguably one of the worst to befall mining in South Africa.
64 deaths on 12 September 1983 at Hlobane Colliery near Vryheid, Kwa-Zulu Natal
57 deaths on 12 September 1944 at Hlobane Colliery near Vryheid, Kwa-Zulu Natal[54]
53 deaths on 13 May 1993 at Middelbult colliery. Middelbult colliery was and is still one of the underground collieries of Sasol Mining situated near the town of Secunda, Mpumalanga
The three worst mining accidents in Taiwan all happened in 1984:
On June 20, 1984, in Haishan Coal Mine in Tucheng District, a runaway mining cart struck a high voltage transformer and triggered an explosion. 72 miners died from carbon monoxide poisoning.[55]
On July 10, 1984, 103 miners died in Meishan Coal Mine in Ruifang District as a result of carbon monoxide poisoning caused by a fire started in the air compressor chamber.[56]
On December 5, 1984, an explosion occurred at Haishan Coal Mine No. 1 in Sanxia District. 93 miners died from carbon monoxide poisoning with only one survival who was rescued 93 hours after the initial explosion.
Tanzania[edit]
At least 56 miners were killed in April 1998 after heavy rains flooded tanzanite mine shafts.[57] Five people were killed in July 2013 after the tanzanite quarry they were working in the Mererani mining hills collapsed above their heads. A sixth was admitted to hospital in critical condition.[58]
In March 1983, in the Armutçuk coal mine 103 miners died due to a methane gas explosion.[59]
In March 1992 at the TCC Kozla mine, 263 miners were killed due to a firedamp explosion[60]
In 2008 there was another disaster which resulted in one person losing their life. In November 2013, 300 workers barricaded the Zonguldak mine in order to protest the working conditions.
During the year of 2009, in December killed 19 miners due to a methane gas explosion in Bursa Province.
In 2010, there was a mining disaster in Zonguldak Province which resulted in the deaths of 30 workers in a coal mine. The explosion was caused by a firedamp explosion. Previous mining disasters have also occurred here, one in 1992 resulted in the deaths of 270 workers. This was the worst mining disaster until the Soma mine disaster.
In May 2014, in Soma, Manisa there was a major mine collapse caused by an explosion. More than 302 workers lost their lives in the collapse and at least 80 workers were injured.[61][62][63][64]
Unfortunately, in recent years the Turkish coal mining industry has been found to have the very worst safety record in the world, in terms of fatal accidents per million tons of coal produced. When using the "deaths per million tons of coal production" measure, on any given day, a Turkish coal miner is 360 times more likely to be killed in a Turkish mine than an American coal miner is in an American mine, and 5 times more likely to die from the lax mine safety standards of the Turkish mines than even a Chinese coal miner, whose country places with a distant second in terms of safety related deaths per million tons of coal produced.[65]
England[edit]
In England, The Oaks explosion remains the worst mining accident, claiming 388 lives on 12–13 December 1866 near Barnsley in Yorkshire although in the first and main explosion on 340 died, less than at the Hulton colliery but subsequent explosions claimed other lives during the night and the following day. The Hulton Colliery explosion at Westhoughton, Lancashire, in 1910 claimed the lives of 344 miners.[66] An explosion in 1878, at the Wood Pit, Haydock, Lancashire, killed over 200 workers, although only 189 were included in the 'official list'.[67] Another disaster that killed many miners was the Hartley Colliery Disaster, which occurred in January 1862 when the beam of the pumping engine broke suddenly and fell into the single shaft serving the pit. The beam blocked the shaft and entombed hundreds of miners. The final death toll was 204, most of whom were suffocated by the lack of oxygen.
In the metalliferous mines of Cornwall, some of the worst accidents were at East Wheal Rose in 1846, where 39 workers were killed by a sudden flood; at Levant mine in 1919, where 31 were killed and many injured in a failure of the man engine; 12 killed at Wheal Agar in 1883 when a cage fell down a shaft and seven killed at Dolcoath mine in 1893 when a large stull collapsed.[68][69][70]
Scotland[edit]
The worst mining accident in Scotland is the 1877 Blantyre mining disaster in Blantyre, Lanarkshire, which claimed 207 lives. Other fatal incidents occurred in the town in 1878 and 1879.[71]
Another serious incident occurred in the small Ayrshire mining village of Knockshinnoch in September 1950. For several tense days rescuers battled bravely against all odds to reach the 129 men trapped deep underground when a field above where they were working caved-in, flooding the mine workings with thick liquid peat, cutting off all means of escape. 116 were rescued but 13 died.[72] A film, The Brave Don't Cry was made about the distaster in 1952.[73]
Wales[edit]
Crowd gathering at the pit head of the Senghenydd Colliery after the explosion in October 1913
During the period 1850 to 1930 the South Wales coalfield had the worst disaster record. This was due to the increasing number of mines being sunk to greater depths into gas-containing strata, combined with poor safety and management practices. As a result, there were nearly forty underground explosions in the Glamorgan and Monmouthshire areas of the coalfield during this time. Each accident resulted in the deaths of twenty or more workers - either directly in the explosion or by suffocation by the poisonous gases formed. The total death toll from these disasters was 3,119 people. The four worst accidents in Wales were:
439 deaths at the Senghenydd Colliery Disaster at Universal Colliery in Senghenydd, Glamorgan, in a gas explosion in 1913.
290 deaths at the Albion Colliery in Cilfynydd, Glamorgan, in a gas explosion on 25 June 1894.
272 deaths at the Prince of Wales Colliery, Abercarn, Monmouthshire, in an explosion of 11 September 1878.[74]
266 deaths in the Gresford Disaster near Wrexham in North Wales on 22 September 1934.
Some collieries, e.g. Morfa Colliery,[75] near Port Talbot, Glamorgan, and Black Vein Colliery, Risca, Monmouthshire, suffered three disasters before they were closed for being unsafe.
The Fraterville mine disaster occurred on May 19, 1902 killing 216 miners making it one of the worst in American history. Fraterville is located in western Anderson County, Tennessee.
The Monongah Mining Disaster was the worst mining accident of American history; 362 workers were killed in an underground explosion on December 6, 1907 in Monongah, West Virginia.
The First Dawson Disaster was a mining accident on October 22, 1913 in Dawson, New Mexico in which 263 men died (146 were Italian and 36 were Greek).
The Second Dawson Disasters was a mining accident on February 8, 1923 in Dawson, New Mexico in which 123 men died.
The Speculator Mine Disaster occurred in the copper mines of Butte, Montana on June 8, 1917. An electric cable being lowered into the mine was accidentally ignited at 2,500 meters below the surface. The fire quickly climbed the cable, in turn igniting the shaft. The shaft thus became a chimney, eliminating the mine's primary source of oxygen. Nearly all of the 168 fatalities were due to asphyxia. It remains the deadliest underground hard rock mining event in American history.
The Cherry Mine disaster was a fire in the Cherry, Illinois, coal mine in 1909, and surrounding events, in which 259 men and boys died.
The Millfield Mine Disaster 1930 in Ohio killed 82 men.
From 1880 to 1910, mine accidents claimed thousands of fatalities. Where annual mining deaths had numbered more than 1,000 a year during the early part of the 20th century, they decreased to an average of about 500 during the late 1950s, and to 93 during the 1990s.[76] In addition to deaths, many thousands more are injured (an average of 21,351 injuries per year between 1991 and 1999), but overall there has been a downward trend of deaths and injuries.
In 1959, the Knox Mine Disaster occurred in Port Griffith, Pennsylvania. The swelling Susquehanna River collapsed into a mine under it and resulted in 12 deaths. In Plymouth, Pennsylvania, the Avondale Mine Disaster of 1869 resulted in the deaths of 108 miners and two rescue workers after a fire in the only shaft eliminated the oxygen in the mine. Federal laws for mining safety resulted from this disaster. Pennsylvania suffered another disaster in 2002 at Quecreek, 9 miners were trapped underground and subsequently rescued after 78 hours. During 2006, 72 miners lost their lives at work, 47 by coal mining. The majority of these fatalities occurred in Kentucky and West Virginia, including the Sago Mine Disaster.[77][78] On April 5, 2010, in the Upper Big Branch Mine disaster an underground explosion caused the deaths of 29 miners.
The U.S. Bureau of Mines was created in 1910 to investigate accidents, advise industry, conduct production and safety research, and teach courses in accident prevention, first aid, and mine rescue. The Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Acts of 1969 and 1977 set further safety standards for the mining. Since the closure of the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1996, this research function has been carried on by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Zimbabwe[edit]
The Kamandama mine disaster - Hwange in June 1972 was one of the worst ever mining disasters with 426 fatalities.
^ Kucuker H. "Occupational fatalities among coal mine workers in Zonguldak, Turkey, 1994–2003". Occup Med (Lond) 2006 Mar;56(2):144-6. PMID 16490795
^ Terazawa K, Takatori T, Tomii S, Nakano K. Methane asphyxia. Coal mine accident investigation of distribution of gas. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1985 Sep;6(3):211-4. PMID 3870672
^ Retzer, John. "Ten Worst Mining Disasters". Michigan, USA: Bogey Media. Archived from the original on 18 April 2010. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
^ "The world's worst coal mining disasters". Retrieved 16 August 2015.
^ "Chinazhaoge Blog" (in Chinese). sohu.com. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
^ Seaham Colliery disaster report Durham Mining Museum
^ Pittsburgh Post Gazette July 3,1960 page 3 section 1
^ "Times 4 July 1890 — Virginia Chronicle: Digital Newspaper Archive". virginiachronicle.com. Retrieved 2019-06-21.
^ Flynt, Wayne (February 5, 2016). Poor But Proud. 2843: University of Alabama Press. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ History.com. "Mine explodes in Oklahoma". History.com. A+E Networks. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
^ http://www.dmm.org.uk/uknames/u1893-03.htm
^ https://www.abc.es/espana/20131028/abci-accidentes-mineros-espania-201310281648.html
^ McAteer, Davitt (December 6, 2007). Monongah: The Tragic Story of the 1907 Monongah Mine Disaster, the Worst Industrial Accident in US History. West Virginia University Press. p. 332. ISBN 1-933202-29-7.
^ Dawson, New Mexico
^ http://www.oldminer.co.uk/1938-markham-disaster.html
^ Kawabata, Tai, "Film mines rich seams of history", Japan Times, 14 August 2011, p. 8.
^ https://www.nytimes.com/1981/12/09/us/explosion-kills-13-in-tennessee-mine.html
^ [1]; ismenvis.nic.in/Database/Rajpur_Dariba_Mine_2881994
^ [2]; inundations/rajpura-dariba-mine-on-28-8-1994
^ Urbina, Ian (9 April 2010). "The New York Times". nytimes.com. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ "Afghan gold mine collapse kills 30". BBC News. 2019-01-06. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
^ Beaconsfield Mine Collapse, http://www.angelofoz.com/beaconsfield_miners_2006/index.htm
^ "Charges laid over Gretley coal mine disaster" ABC news 12/8/2003. Accessed 21/3/2014
^ "Mine found guilty over Gretley disaster" The Sydney Morning Herald 9/8/2004. 21/3/2014
^ "PM - North Parkes mine disaster". abc.net.au. 1999-11-25. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ http://maz-ale-01.mazenod.wa.edu.au/groups/1en1a/revisions/ff597/2/[permanent dead link]
^ Description of the mine
^ Emporis News Archived 2006-11-11 at the Wayback Machine
^ Varandani, Suman (5 September 2014). "Bosnia Mine Accident: 34 Coal Miners Trapped After Gas Explosion From Minor Earthquake". International Business Times. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
^ At least 37 dead as Central African Republic gold mine collapses, International: Reuters, 24 June 2013
^ Elaine Scott (2012). Buried Alive!: How 33 Miners Survived 69 Days Deep Under the Chilean Desert. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
^ a b Coal mining: Most deadly job in China Zhao Xiaohui & Jiang Xueli, Xinhua News Agency, Updated: 2004-11-13 15:01
^ China takes steps to halt coal mine disasters Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the U.S.A., 02 February 2005
^ China sees coal mine deaths fall, but outlook grim 11 January 2007, Reuters
^ Lafraniere, Sharon (2009-04-11). "Graft in China Covers Up Toll of Coal Mines". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
^ "China coal mine gas explosion kills 19 miners and traps dozens". The Guardian. London. 2012-08-30. Retrieved 2012-09-03.
^ "Sichuan coal mine blast death toll rises to 43". Xinhuanet news. 2012-09-01. Retrieved 2012-09-03.
^ "14 killed in Chinese coal mine blast". The Independent. London. 2012-09-03. Retrieved 2012-09-03.
^ "Tibet mine landslide: Rescue workers recover more bodies". BBC News. 1 April 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ "International News | World News - ABC News". abcnews.go.com. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ retrieved from http://www.france24.com/en/20101017-death-toll-rises-three-ecuador-mining-accident-quito
^ retrieved from http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2010/Oct/20/last-of-4-missing-miners-found-dead-in-ecuador/
^ [3]; mining-accidents-analysis, India
^ 炭鉱(Japanese))
^ retrieved from http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/kids/nzdisasters/strongman.asp
^ retrieved from https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2006/11/mine-n25.html
^ retrieved from https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-21108531
^ retrieved from https://www.abc.es/espana/20131028/abci-accidentes-mineros-espania-201310281648.html
^ "The Fourth Decade". Retrieved 21 July 2015.
^ South Africa Delayed reaction : Time magazine 22 February 1960 - http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,939600,00.html
^ Eskom annual reports 1959: "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-30. Retrieved 2011-09-09. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Hlobane disasters : "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2011-09-09. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ zh:海山煤礦
^ zh:台灣煤礦
^ "Over 50 dead in Tanzanian mining disaster". BBC. April 14, 1998.
^ Five Killed in Mererani As Mining Pit Collapses, Africa: AllAfrica.com, 2013
^ Logan, Nick (14 May 2014). "Turkey's worst mining disaster the latest in a string of deadly accidents". GlobalTv. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Shaw Media. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
^ "Mining Deaths in Germany vs: Turkey" (in Turkish). Istanbul: Istanbul Posta Gazette. 14 May 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
^ "Turkish mine disaster: Unions calls protest strike". BBC. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^ "Thousands strike over Turkish mine disaster". Retrieved 16 August 2015.
^ "Death toll in Turkish mine disaster unlikely to exceed 302: minister". Reuters. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
^ https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/17/world/europe/turkish-authorities-say-miners-still-missing.html?_r=0
^ Schleifer, Yigal (14 May 2014). "Turkey: Mine Tragedy Shines Light on Workplace Safety Concerns". The Turko-File. New York, New York, USA: EurasiaNet. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
^ "Pretoria Pit Disaster". bolton.org.uk. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ "GENUKI: Haydock, Lancashire genealogy". genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ Corin, John (1992). Levant, A Champion Cornish Mine. The Trevithick Society. pp. 40–44. ISBN 0-904040-37-2.
^ Vivian, John (1970). "The Wheal Agar Skip Disaster". Tales of the Cornish Miners. St. Austell: H. E. Warne Ltd. pp. 22–24.
^ Vivian, John (1970). "When the Bottom of Dolcoath Fell In". Tales of the Cornish Miners. St. Austell: H. E. Warne Ltd. pp. 38–40.
^ "Blantyre Mining Disaster". National Mining Museum Scotland. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
^ "Knockshinnoch Colliery Disaster, Scotland, 1950 | MINING.com Video". infomine.com. Retrieved 2014-04-03.
^ "The Brave Don't Cry (1952) - BFI". BFI. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
^ Abercarn Colliery at welshcoalmines.co.uk
^ "Morfa Colliery Port Talbot". welshcoalmines.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
^ Historical Data on Mine Disasters in the United States Archived 2016-02-10 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Department of Labor
^ All Mining Fatalities By State Archived 2007-04-18 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, 15 January 2007
^ Coal Fatalities By State Archived 2007-02-21 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, 15 January 2007
North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. Nicholas Wood Memorial Library "Mining accidents and safety: a guide to resources". 2016. A guide to books, journals, inspectors' reports, government enquiries, legislation, archival material, etc. in the Institute Library relating to accidents and safety in the UK.
For more details of mining disasters in the UK see The Coalmining History Research Centre at https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103832/http://www.cmhrc.co.uk/site/database/result/39418.html
MSHA Fact Sheets - Injury Trends in Mining
CDC - Mining - Historical Mine Disasters
Worst mining disasters
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mining_accident&oldid=905066347"
History of mining
Mining disasters
Articles with dead external links from February 2018
CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2017
All articles with vague or ambiguous time
Vague or ambiguous time from November 2018


♥ This listing is for ONE of these "lotus rise" amethyst + quartz bracelets.
♥ A minimalist, "rise" talisman bracelet made with a frosty quartz point is accented by howlite, amethyst and sandalwood. The quartz represents the light within you, while howlite and amethyst bring calm and inner peace. The sandalwood, with its light, earthy scent, brings emotional balance; allowing you to stay present in the moment. Perfect to wear during meditation or for minimal, yet beautiful adornment.


The present downloadable worksheet is intended for elementary school students at Pre-intermediate (A2) level. It is great for revising Articles in English, and can be used for improving your learners' Spelling, Reading and Writing skills. It centers around the theme of Daily routines.
nouraabdayem is from/lives in Tunisia and has been a member of iSLCollective since 2013-01-23 16:38:52. nouraabdayem last logged in on 2013-02-07 09:17:07, and has shared 1 resources on iSLCollective so far.


G T D Office Solutions Ltd Office Furniture and Equipment is one of a number of businesses situated in Wallington, Surrey.
A frequent business type near G T D Office Solutions Ltd is Take Away Restaurants .
Toothache? There are few dentists locally for all your dental needs. From dogs to cats, horses to bees, there is a Veterinary Specialist for any animal's needs. Rest assured, there is at least one doctor in the area. Conduct research and borrow literature from the Local library.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How does Cuppie maintain such a streamlined physique and avoid the dreaded muffin top?
By Sweatin' to the Oldies, of course!
This illustration is an oldie but goodie, and seemed perfect for this week's Illustration Friday theme of Skinny.


text:
Lucas Coenen (9 november 2006) is een Belgisch motorcrosser.

Carrière
Coenen doorliep zijn hele motorcrosscarrière samen met zijn tweelingbroer Sacha.

Zowel in 2018 als 2019 reden beide broers op Yamaha. In 2018 in de 65cc-klasse, in 2019 in de 85cc-klasse. Lucas werd individueel vijfde tijdens de Coupe de 'l Avenir 2019.

In 2020 kwamen de broers uit op KTM in de 85cc en 125cc-klasse.

In 2021 kwam Coenen uit in het EMX125-kampioenschap, op Kawasaki. Sacha was opnieuw zijn ploegmaat. Coenen stond enkele keren op het podium en wist de twee laatste wedstrijden van het seizoen te winnen. Hij werd derde in de eindstand. Ook werd hij in dit seizoen Frans Kampioen in de 125cc-klasse.

In 2022 maakte Coenen de overstap naar het EMX250-kampioenschap, op een Husqvarna, opnieuw samen met Sacha. Na een moeilijke openingswedstrijd stond Coenen na de tweede wedstrijd in Portugal als tweede op het eindpodium. Ook in Sardinië behaalde hij het eindpodium als derde. De tweede helft van het seizoen liep veel beter, met zeven reeks- en drie eindoverwinningen. Coenen werd vice-kampioen in deze categorie.

Tijdens de GP van Tsjechië nam Coenen voor het eerst deel in het wereldkampioenschap motorcross MX2 met een wildcard. In de tweede reeks wist hij 2 punten te behalen.

Vanaf 2023 komt Coenen voltijds uit in het wereldkampioenschap motorcross MX2, waarin hij voor het fabrieksteam van Husqvarna zal uitkomen als ploegmaat van Roan van de Moosdijk en Kay de Wolf.

Palmares
  EMX250: 2022
  EMX125: 2021
  24MX Tour 125cc: 2021

Externe link
 Profiel - mxgpresults.com

Belgisch motorcrosser

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Monsoon Session, 2016 of Parliament which commenced on Monday, the 18th July, 2016 concluded on Friday, the 12th August, 2016. The Session provided 20 sittings spread over a period of 26 days.
The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty Second Amendment) Bill, 2016, a historic legislation providing for enabling provision in the Constitution for levying goods and services tax on every transaction of supply of goods and services, was passed by Parliament. The Goods and Services tax shall replace a number of indirect taxes being levied by the Union and the State Governments and is intended to remove cascading effect of taxes and provide for a common national market for goods and services.
During the Session, Supplementary Demands for Grants (General) for 2016 – 17 and the related Appropriation Bill, was discussed and passed by the Lok Sabha.
In the Lok Sabha, 4 Short Duration Discussions under Rule 193 were held on (i) Situation arising out of recent violence in Kashmir Valley resulting in threat to peace and security of people of the State; (ii) Price Rise; (iii) Sustainable Development Goals (part discussed); and (iv) Atrocities against Dalits in the country.
In the Rajya Sabha, six Short Duration Discussions under Rule 176 were held on (i) Recent incidents of violence and turmoil in Kashmir Valley resulting in huge loss of lives and property; (ii) Recent incidents of atrocities on Dalits in various parts of the country; and (iii) Situation arising out of price rise in the country; (iv) Status of implementation of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act, 2014 with regard to the State of Andhra Pradesh; (v) Developments in the States of Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh leading to change in the Governments there and the role of Governors in the respective States; and (vi) draft National Education Policy – 2016. A discussion was also held on prevailing situation in Kashmir Valley.
Besides, 2 Calling Attentions in Lok Sabha and 5 Calling Attentions in Rajya Sabha were discussed.
The drugs and Cosmetics (Amendment) Bill, 2013 was withdrawn in Rajya Sabha.
During the Session, 15 Bills (14 in the Lok Sabha and 1 in the Rajya Sabha) were introduced. The Lok Sabha passed 15 Bills and the Rajya Sabha passed 14 Bills during the session. 15* Bills were passed by both the Houses of Parliament. A list containing the titles of the Bills introduced, considered and passed during the Session is annexed.
The productivity of Lok Sabha was 110.84% and that of Rajya Sabha was 99.54%.
#The Bills, as passed by Lok Sabha and transmitted to Rajya Sabha for its recommendation, is not likely to be returned to Lok Sabha within the period of fourteen days from the date of its receipt in Rajya Sabha. The Bill will be deemed to have been passed by both Houses at the expiration of the said period in the form in which it was passed by Lok Sabha under clauses (5) of Article 109 of the Constitution.


Every generation brings to the workplace a set of overarching characteristics that are shaped by the events and cultural norms of its day. The Silent Generation brought an uncomplaining work ethic, Baby Boomers a spirit of independence, Generation Xes a flexible attitude, and now Generation Ys, or Millennials, are bringing a talent for technology and team work. Contact centers that attend to these generational differences can maximize each generation's strengths while circumventing its weaknesses.
Since contact centers began in the 1960s, with the advent of the Private Automated Business Exchange (PABX), turnover has been relatively high—and it remains high today. What's changed is this: Workers in this new generation—variously called Generation Ys, Millennials, or Boomerangs—are significantly more likely to walk away from contact-center positions than were the workers of preceding generations.
In the very recent past, high turnover in contact centers was regrettable and a bit costly, but it was not an overwhelming problem. Perhaps it still isn't for your contact center—at least not yet. Download this white paper to learn more.


We are entering the second week of protests here on the Island of Chiloe in southern Chile. Fishermen in the Los Lagos Region were banned from fishing locally due to the salmon industry polluting the waters of the Pacific Ocean in the area. They have united with the Chilote people to get the attention of the government in order to receive payment for the fishing families affected by the ban.
Our town of Castro, as well as what seems to be all the towns on the island, has isolated itself. All roads leading into the city have been blocked with burning tires and protesters.
View of the Northern entrance to Castro. Photo courtesy of Nicolas Santa Maria Cea.
There are no ferries to the mainland, there are no buses to neighboring towns. This also means there are no trucks delivering supplies into our towns. The supermarket is out of vegetables, meats, flour, eggs, bread.The gas stations are running out fuel. People can't get to work, school has been cancelled for kids.
Protesters build up tire fires at the Northern entrance. Photo courtesy of Nicolas Santa Maria Cea.
The locals don't seem to be bothered by this. They don't seem worried at all. I keep wondering what would happen if this was going on in the United States. A friend said the police here aren't getting involved or unblocking the roads because they are in support of the fisherman.
And to top it all off, our visas expire in 12 days. Lovely. The airport is still functioning apparently, but it is not guaranteed. There aren't actually tickets available for the month of May, but I was told if I just buy a ticket for a date in June, I can simply show up at the airport and they might get me on the plane to Puerto Montt. I'm a little worried.
Barricades on Puente Gamboa at the Southern entrance to Castro. Photo courtesy of Nicolas Santa Maria Cea.
Yesterday we decided to go talk with the Extranjeria, the immigration department, to see if there was any way we could just pay for a new stamp since we can't leave the island. We were told the situation would be resolved the next day and that meetings of the powers that be were going on and progress would be made. Turns out only 24 of 120 representatives were present and the meeting was cancelled.
You can see homemade flags of black trashbags all over town. Photo courtesy of Nicolas Santa Maria Cea.
It appears the government has until tomorrow to send someone to talk to the fishermen or things here could get worse. Please say a prayer for Chiloe!
Previous Post What's Going On!?
OMG, do you have enough food in the house? Hope you are doing well despite all this.
We tend to always have tons of food, so that's good! We also have a full tank of gas for the stove/hot water and 2 square meters of firewood. I just hope we can get the visa thing resolved!


I'm David Rees (@DavidReesAM), Chair of the Health and Social Care Committee.
In September 2014 the Committee started looking into the issue of new psychoactive substances ("NPS"). We have now finished our inquiry and have written a report (PDF, 1MB) making 14 recommendations to the Welsh Government. A shorter summary (PDF, 252KB) is also available.
NPS are commonly marketed as safer and legal alternatives to illegal drugs, often made in laboratories and sold via the internet or in so-called "head shops" that exist on the high street. They are often referred to as "legal highs". This marketing is misleading – their side effects can be as serious as those caused by illegal drugs, and they can be as addictive too. Often, they also contain traces of substances that are against the law to sell and take.
Why did we hold this inquiry?
We decided to look into this issue because the use of NPS has grown in Wales, and elsewhere, in recent years. In 2013, 60 deaths in England and Wales involved NPS, 15 per cent higher than the previous year. Members were concerned about the health and social harms caused by NPS, and wanted to shine a light on the steps that need to be taken to allow people to make more informed decisions about their use of NPS.
How did we gather people's views for this inquiry?
holding focus groups in Merthyr Tydfil and Wrexham to hear directly from frontline staff, and Committee members visited the LOTS project, Forsythia Youth Club, DrugAid and the headquarters of DAN 24/7, Wales' national substance misuse helpline.
The Committee also used storify to keep people updated on the inquiry's progress.
What did people tell the Committee and what have we done about it?
not enough is known about how many people are taking NPS and what harms they can cause.
the Welsh Government should encourage the UK Government to move as quickly as possible to implement the suggested ban on the supply of NPS.
To read all 14 of our recommendations please see our report (PDF, 1MB) or the shorter summary (PDF, 252KB) document.
What did the UK and Welsh Governments think about our report?
The Welsh Government's response (PDF, 295KB) to our report accepts fully all of our recommendations. The UK Government Home Office (PDF, 69KB) has also written to the Committee to note that it welcomes our work and supports each of our 14 recommendations.
Our report will be debated by all Assembly Members on 13 May in the Siambr, the Assembly's main debating chamber. This will be an opportunity to draw attention to this important topic, and to put questions to the Welsh Government's Health Minister about what the Welsh Government will do to deliver our recommendations.
I would like to thank everyone who took the time to share their experiences of NPS and their views about what needs to be done to raise public awareness of their harms. Although the Committee itself can only recommend changes rather than being able to make the changes itself, we will continue to put pressure on the Welsh Government and others to deliver the actions set out in our report.
Follow @seneddhealth for all the latest information.
You can find more information about NPS, including how you can get help and support if you have used them, on the DAN 24/7 website.


Jakes Automotive provides Replace Radiator services to Auburn Hills, MI, Birmingham, MI, Troy, MI, and other surrounding areas.
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Standard cabins are studio formatted and sleep up to 7 people with five single bunks, and one double bed. All linen is provided including duvets and towels.
The room has a basic kitchenette area equipped with a sink (cold water only), a small fridge, jug, a toaster and enough plates and cutlery for 4 people - just enough to rummage up some breakfast or a quick bite to eat. Guests need to supply their own cooking equipment.
The communal kitchen, bathrooms, laundry and BBQ facilities are nearby.


text:
British Columbia Announces Coverage of Three New Biosimilars for Blood Clot Prevention and Treatment
Jane Cullis
biosimilars, NOROMBY, PharmaCare
On March 22, British Columbia's Ministry of Health announced that three new enoxaparin biosimilars, Valero Pharmaceuticals' REDESCA, Juno Pharmaceuticals' , and Sandoz's INCLUNOX, would be covered by PharmaCare, the province's public health plan. Enoxaparin is a blood thinner that is used for the prevention and treatment of blood clot disorders. …
AbbVie Moves to Strike Alvotech's Final Invalidity and Unenforceability Contentions
AbbVie, Alvotech
On February 18, 2022, in the first and second wave suits filed by AbbVie Inc. et al. (AbbVie) against Alvotech hf. (Alvotech) regarding an adalimumab biosimilar, AbbVie filed a motion to strike Alvotech's Final Invalidity and Unenforceability Contentions and a memorandum in support thereof. AbbVie moved the Court to strike…
Biosimilar Partnership News
biosimilar, biosimilar news
Eris Lifesciences ("Eris") announced its joint venture with Mumbai-based MJ Biopharm Pvt Ltd. ("MJ"), Eris MJ Biopharm Ltd., focused on the marketing and distribution of insulins (including aspart, glargine and lispro), GLP1 agonists, and potentially other biopharma products in India. Under the agreement, MJ will be responsible for the development,…
Amgen and Pfizer Developing More Interchangeable Biosimilars
Amgen, biosimilar, biosimilars, Pfizer
In their respective third quarter financial results, Amgen and Pfizer both announced plans to seek interchangeable status for select biosimilars. Amgen announced that patients are currently being enrolled in Phase 3 studies to support interchangeability designation in the U.S. for biosimilars of AMJEVITA (adalimumab) and ABP 654 (ustekinumab). Pfizer also…
Bevacizumab Biosimilar Demonstrates Positive Phase 3 Results for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
A study recently published in Cancer Communications reported that LY01008 or BOYOUNUO, a bevacizumab biosimilar developed by Shandong Boan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ("Shandong Boan"), a subsidiary of Luye Pharma Group Ltd. ("Luye Pharma"), demonstrated comparable safety, efficacy, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetic profiles to the reference product AVASTIN in patients with advanced…
Alvotech Announces Clinical Studies for Ustekinumab Biosimilar
Alvotech, Stelara, Ustekinumab
On July 6, 2021 Alvotech announced the start of a comparative, confirmatory efficacy and safety clinical study comparing AVT04, Alvotech's proposed ustekinumab biosimilar, to the reference product STELARA, in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. The announcement states that the study is being conducted in five countries in Central and…
Amgen Canada Launches Adalimumab Biosimilar
On May 4, 2021, Amgen Canada announced the launch of their adalimumab biosimilar AMGEVITA (reference drug HUMIRA) for the treatment of 11 chronic inflammatory conditions. AMGEVITA is available as a prefilled syringe and a prefilled pen (SureClick® autoinjector) with a range of pack sizes to support dosing according to the…
Huon Announces Prolia Biosimilar
On April 20, 2021, Korean company Huon Labs announced that it will develop a PROLIA biosimilar using PanGen Biotech's cell culture and purification technology. PROLIA (denosumab), an Amgen product, is indicated to reduce the risk of facture in patients with osteoporosis with a particular concentration on patients that are postmenopausal…
Adalimumab Biosimilars Ready To Enter Australian, Korean, Japanese and European Markets
Adalimumab, Celltrion, Hadlima, imraldi, Mochida Pharmaceutical
On March 29, Samsung Bioepis announced the launch of its adalimumab biosimilar HadlimaTM, referencing AbbVie's HumiraTM, in Australia in partnership with Merck & Co. HadlimaTM is approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, adult and paediatric Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, hidradenitis suppurativa and…
Federal Circuit Affirms Lack of Enablement of Select Claims of Amgen Patents
As we previously reported in August 2019, the District Court for the District of Delaware issued an opinion granting Sanofi's motion for judgment as a matter of law that the asserted claims of two of Amgen's patents, U.S. Patent Nos. 8,829,165 (the "'165 patent") and 8,859,741 (the "'741 patent"), covering…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sam Rayburn joined Moody Rambin in 2017 as an intern for the Industrial team, and is now an Associate for the Industrial and Investment Services group. Sam represents clients in all facets of the commercial real estate industry, including tenant and buyer representation, as well as lease renewals. Sam's hustle, commitment, and creative problem solving provides great value to his clients.


Improve your diving skills and extend your depth limits. 2 days course (5 different open water adventure dives).
This is a course for divers with a PADI OWD level or equivalent and has been designed to improve your underwater skills as well as to learn new diving competences. It consists of 5 adventure dives, being Deep Diving and Underwater Navigation mandatory. You must complete other 3 adventure dives of your choice.
People between 12 and 14 years old get the Junior Advanced Open Water diver with which they will always have to dive accompanied by a certified adult diver. Each of these adventure dives also credit as the first dive of future related specialty courses. Once completed you will get a certification card which allows you to dive to a maximum depth of 30m.
Get your Enriched Air Diver (NITROX) license now with your Advanced Open Water Diver course and save big! Diving on NITROX you can stay down longer, get back in the water sooner and feel less tired after multiple dives.
All our diving trips booked 10 days in advance through our website, will get a 10% OFF*! See the conditions here and book your Silent Divers service right NOW!
Certified to dive to 30m with a buddy.


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Michael Katz (born December 2, 1939) is an American sportswriter.

History
Katz was born in the Bronx in New York in 1939. After leaving high school he was accepted into City College of New York and while there wrote for the college newspaper, The Campus, becoming sports editor.

Katz later acted as a stringer for The New York Times covering City College sports. He became a copy boy for The New York Times and worked his way up to the sportsdesk. In 1966 he moved to Europe to work for The New York Times international edition and in 1968 he covered the Floyd Patterson vs Jimmy Ellis heavyweight title fight in Stockholm, Sweden. In 1970 he went freelance and wrote for several publications before returning to the United States in 1972 where he also re-joined The New York Times. In 1979 Katz was covering boxing full-time for the Times.

In 1985 he switched to the New York Daily News. In 2012 he was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame.

References

External links

Sportswriters from New York (state)
American television reporters and correspondents
1939 births
Living people
American sports journalists
The New York Times sportswriters
City College of New York alumni
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees


Good condition lightwind board will have you covered for summer doldrums. 144 x 46cm. Super flat, big surface area gets you up and planing and keeps tracking through lulls. Easy and forgiving for beginners, great for intermeidate+ to extend sessions. $175.


The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment (Tib. Lam rim chen mo) is one of the brightest jewels in the world's treasury of sacred literature. The author, Tsong-kha-pa, completed it in 1402, and it soon became one of the most renowned works of spiritual practice and philosophy in the world of Tibetan Buddhism. Because it condenses all the exoteric sūtra scriptures into a meditation manual that is easy to understand, scholars and practitioners rely on its authoritative presentation as a gateway that leads to a full understanding of the Buddha's teachings.
Tsong-kha-pa took great pains to base his insights on classical Indian Buddhist literature, illustrating his points with classical citations as well as with sayings of the masters of the earlier Kadampa tradition. In this way the text demonstrates clearly how Tibetan Buddhism carefully preserved and developed the Indian Buddhist traditions.
This first of three volumes covers all the practices that are prerequisite for developing the spirit of enlightenment (bodhicitta).


The economics 'credibility revolution' has promoted the identification of causal relationships using difference-in-differences (DID), instrumental variables (IV), randomized control trials (RCT) and regression discontinuity design (RDD) methods. The extent to which a reader should trust claims about the statistical significance of results proves very sensitive to method. Applying multiple methods to 13,440 hypothesis tests reported in 25 top economics journals in 2015, we show that selective publication and p-hacking is a substantial problem in research employing DID and (in particular) IV. RCT and RDD are much less problematic. Almost 25% of claims of marginally significant results in IV papers are misleading.


Truth be told, we're actually really excited that we had the chance to change the name.
That's because we feel that the name Yoga Strong conveys everything we want for your program…after all, it means so much more to be Yoga Strong that it does just to be strong.
Being Yoga Strong means having a solid foundation of fitness to give you the performance you need, with the looks you want.
It means working on a foundation that is just as strong as the exterior…so that you're not just strong today…but for many years to come.
It means making sure that your joints and ligaments stay strong for tomorrow…despite all of the miles and wear and tear that you put on them today.Yoga Strong is our intermediate program from the Body by Yoga DVD Series; engineered, tested, and perfected. A complete yoga workout system to get you results you never thought possible with yoga.Want to learn more about being Yoga Strong? Click on the video below where we reveal more about the meaning of Yoga Strong!
See you on the videos!


In Part 2 of this two-part series, Fashion Quarterly editor Sally-Ann Mullin reveals the results of her laser resurfacing treatment at Caci.
Fourteen days ago, Fashion Quarterly editor Sally-Ann Mullin underwent a Fractional C02 laser treatment at Caci. Fractional C02 laser treats small areas of the skin to improve the tone and texture while also minimizing sun damage such as freckles and reducing fine lines and wrinkles.
Caci encourages their clients to complement their treatments with at-home dermal rolling, which continues to stimulate collagen and maintain the best possible result.
Watch the video above as Sally-Ann reveals the results of her first treatment and demonstrates her at-home dermal rolling technique.
To find out more about the treatment, visit caci.co.nz.


Question everything. The personal stories of incredible people. Ask is a global community of people who believe curiosity is the best way to celebrate our differences and bring the world together.
In this interview with Tanya, we cover many topics from harnessing your passion to start a business, identifying "the magic" of your product that will lead to scale, and managing the work/life/parent balance, and the global shift towards a "skills-based" economy.


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사이드 바에 위젯이 없습니다 Alt!
The birth of the greatest drama of all time in Ireland..
1월 2, 2023 /
The birth of the greatest drama of all time in Ireland! Actor Cha Eun-Woo's first appearance…"Strong presence."
An all-time "Manjit Priest" was born. Cha Eun-woo of "Ireland" is the main character.
Cha Eun-woo drew attention by appearing as the youngest "Yohan" of the Vatican in the first and second episodes of the original TVing series "Ireland" (directed by Bae Jong / scripted by Oh Bo-hyun (Kit Project) / provided by TVing / produced by Y-Lab Flex, Studio Dragon), which was first released on the 30th of last year.
In the first episode, Yo-han (played by Cha Eun-woo) was depicted sweetening evil spirits. Despite the evil spirits screaming for release, John wore a headset and showed a calm appearance. Soon, Cha Eun-woo started horse riding in earnest, and despite the fiercely rebellious evil spirit, he easily succeeded in horse riding without changing his expression.
Later, John, who was told by the abbot to protect the only savior who would prevent the cracks and destruction of the world in the monastery's sacred room, created an unusual atmosphere by looking at the painting of the woman in the prophecy with a determined look.
In the second episode that followed, Johann, who arrived at Jeju Island and headed to the villa of Jang Deacon (Oh Kwang-rok), said, "I didn't know that the old priest sent from the old school was Korean. You are good at Korean, aren't you?"I loved K-pop and K-drama so much that it was helpful," said Deacon Jang with a smile.
In addition, the sight of Jeong Yeom-gwi's body melting in the middle of the forest with cool eyes made me look forward to Yo-han's future performance. In this way, John's various appearances, ranging from being serious to being playful, increased his immersion.
On this day, Cha Eun-woo played the role of the youngest hip exorcist, John himself. In particular, not only the perfect use of Italian used by priests, but also the perfect visuals of priests' uniforms shook the hearts of viewers and drew attention. Everyone is paying attention to what kind of performance Cha Eun-woo, who announced his strong presence at the same time as the all-time priest "Yohan," will perform in the future.
Meanwhile, the original TVing series "Ireland," starring Cha Eun-woo, is released every Friday at 12 p.m. on TVing.
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Jeong Kyung-mi prayer → Onami's tears…Sung Hyun-joo, the
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Hunting and overlanding: Maximizing your trip with 4×4 flexibility
Posted on October 19, 2021 November 20, 2021 by EUGENE BUCHANAN, Colorado Hunter
Tired of hiking all your gear into the high country, camping with minimal provisions and equipment, and sleeping on the ground? Join the growing craze of "overlanding," using a high-end 4×4 vehicle that can both get you there and carry creature comforts for your hunt.
The burgeoning craze lets you get out in rough country in style with all the creature comforts of home in a rig that can get you off the beaten track and, more importantly, back. According to Overlandjournal.com, overlanding is "self-reliant overland travel to remote destinations where the journey is the principal goal and the principal form of lodging is camping." While this has made it a burgeoning poster child of the camping market, it's also catching on for hunters in places like Northwest Colorado, where terrain can be tough to access.
"It offers a way to get out into rough terrain while still being comfortable," says Pat Drake, owner of rental company Colorado Overlander in Glenwood Springs. "And we rent a lot of them to hunters. That's our busiest rental period regardless, but hunters really like them. They use it to serve as their basecamp for bow or rifle hunting."
Last year, Drake says he rented his overlanding rigs out to four different groups, and all four were successful.
One took the roving basecamp to the Flat Tops, another rented one for two weeks during archery season on the Roan Rlateau, and another took one during second rifle season onto Grand Mesa.
This year they have an even bigger group of friends coming back. To brace for the demand, Drake added a 200 Heritage Series Land Cruiser to his fleet, joining a quiver of Tacomas, Tundras and 4 Runners.
All the rigs are decked out to the hilt, complete with high-clearance fourwheel-drive, ample storage, refrigerator/freezer systems, kitchen galleys, awnings and chairs, dual battery systems, ground tarps for the harvest, and more. For sleeping, they come with Roof Top Tents (RTT), a few even having room to sleep four; two in an RTT over the cab and two in another over the rear. "One of our rigs has both a king- and queen-size bed," says Drake. "They're pretty comfortable and are super quick to set up and break down at camp.
"We trick them out for hunting—it's all part of the process," he adds. "It makes it so a group of hunters can have just one vehicle and make it work perfectly."
The rigs also come with complete recovery gear, including Max Tracks, recovery tread boards that go under the tires if you get stuck; shackles and recovery tow straps; ARB's new hydraulic jacks; and onboard tire inflating/deflating kits.
"We're seeing more and more rentals for hunters every year," says Drake. "Last year was a definite uptick, even during the pandemic, and we're expecting a lot more hunters using them this season."
Many hunters, he adds, fly out to places like Grand Junction, where his company will meet them at the airport with their tricked-out rig ready to go. With a five-day or longer rental, he adds, they'll deliver the rig for free to airports in Grand Junction, Eagle, Aspen, Vail or Steamboat, and pick it up afterwards. All hunters have to do is disembark and drive away.
As for seasons, he says the rigs are pretty good "up through third season, but then it can get a little snowy with some roads not accessible."
Drake, who grew up hunting outside of Glenwood Springs and Carbondale with his father, uses one himself every year for his hunting trips, last year going with his brother and taking a bull in Unit 43 outside of Carbondale. "We used it to get up into some pretty rough terrain and camped there for a few days," he says. "It was great. Then we were able to pack out the whole animal in the back with the ground tarp."
This interest in overlanding, for regular camping as well as hunting, has fueled several other overlanding start-ups as well, including the husband-and-wife team of Eric and Camila Collier, who founded Overland Discovery in the Front Range in 2017. They, too, are also seeing an uptick in rentals to hunters. "People are using them to camp more and more," says Eric. "And hunting's perfect for them."
Routt County hunter Cedar Beauregard and his 1973 Rancho El Rae 8-foot camper on his Dodge truck. (Photo by John F. Russell)
INSIDE A TRICKED-OUT RIG
For an inside peek at a camper with the red carpet for hunting, we went inside the rig of longtime Routt County hunter Cedar Beauregard.
"My overland vehicle is a 1973 Rancho El Rae 8-foot camper on my Dodge truck. I've completely redone the mechanical parts and replaced the icebox with a three-way refrigerator. I also installed a wall-mounted marine propane heater. I like its layout and light weight of just 1,200 pounds, making it a good choice when navigating uneven terrain, and how short and compact it is. At only 7 feet wide, I can fit onto narrow two-track roads if needed. It's also only 8 feet long. It was originally designed to fit into a long bed truck, but I placed it in my short bed for its short wheelbase, increasing maneuverability, departure angle and center clearance.
The truck is a 2008 Dodge 2500 with a turbo Cummins Diesel. The motor has ridiculous power. I usually feel sorry for my tires and drive train when I hit the throttle. But it's great for short trips over Rabbit Ears Pass. In the future, I want to replace the bed of the truck with a custom flatbed, which will allow me to utilize the unused storage on the bed sides for tools and camping gear."
OVERLANDING'S DEVOTEES
Want more information on overlanding? Overland Journal, published five time per year, has 175,000 e-newsletter subscribers and more than 200,000 Instagram followers. And its fans are eager to share what they know with other like-minded overlanders — from vernacular like RTT's (Roof Top Tent) and tread width to GPS coordinates of places they've explored.
There are also websites, Facebook groups, blogs, chatrooms and more all dedicated to the craze, many with first-person accounts, GPS coordinates and even gear reviews. Info: www.overlandjournal.com
SOCIAL OVERLANDING
Join the overland tribe and you'll also have a built-in social network.
Consider "Mike" (so popular he keeps his last name anonymous), who runs his Last Line of Defense overlanding blog (llod.us) out of Evergreen, Colo. His YouTube channel has amassed more than 300,000 subscribers, with more than 27 million views. "I've been into backpacking, hunting and the outdoors forever, and I've been off-roading ever since I got my driver's license," he says.
"Overlanding was a natural progression of all this. It's just a great way to disconnect from the hustle and bustle of daily life. There's also a sense of accomplishment that comes with it — you understand how to be self-reliant and make it out to a remote destination knowing that everything you need is packed away in your vehicle."
Colorado hunters have plenty of game to track despite dry summer, CPW says
Fate of the Northwest Colorado wolf pack remains a mystery


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Modern Classics Recordings
Camberwell Now - The Ghost Trade
Camberwell, in South London, pops up infrequently in pop culture. Perhaps you know it from the Camberwell Carrot, the heroically sized joint smoked in cult movie Withnail & I, or perhaps – if you're attuned to experimental music – you know of Camberwell Now. The group formed from the ashes of This Heat, the art-noise group whose catalog was reissued on Modern Classics Recordings in early 2016.
Not so much a supersession as a continuation of that group, Camberwell Now featured This Heat's vocalist / drummer Charles Hayward, who assembled an unusual line-up comprising Stephen Rickard, a former BBC sound engineer, on field recordings and tape manipulation and Trefor Goronwy on bass, vocals and ukulele. "We had a very specific set of skills," says Hayward, in new liner notes compiled for this long overdue reissue, "and it wasn't immediately clear to us how best to bring them together so that we could play live."
Arriving in 1986, The Ghost Trade, the group's sole full-length LP, was what existed at the confluence of live performance and studio experimentation. Similar to This Heat's process, the group spent two years in Cold Storage experimenting with the studio and assembling finished songs from vast quantities of tapes. Their two EPs, re-issued as The EP Collection, were borne of a similar process but each with unique yields.
The tracks that eventually formed The Ghost Trade were songs forged in the bleak beauty of Thatcher's London. "To me, the sounds invoked humanity trapped behind and inside a world constructed of glass, steel, and concrete, frozen inside the textures like prisoners of the twilight zone, humanity haunting a landscape it had made for itself," says Hayward.


Short guide about free parking spaces etiquette.
The map shows where wildspots are located. Find something for yourself!
Road creeks, parkings by the beaches, at shopping malls. Find out where wildspots are located.
Few tips about parking in unguarded areas. Check our advices!