Program starts April 14th, 2019 at 10am at Pink Iron located on 3953 Wasatch, Blvd Millcreek, UT 84124.
Do you struggle to stay motivated on your own?
Do you want the support of other like-minded women?
Have you found that there's no time left for your own needs?
Are you looking to create a healthy lifestyle that matches your desires?
Do you feel like you don't have time to workout and make healthy meals?
If so, this challenge is made for you. Join myself and CPT Mimi Schneider this spring in our 6 week challenge. You'll learn how to create your own healthy lifestyle that fits your goals, your needs and your schedule. We will keep you motivated with a community of strong women and help you discover balance and results.
*Winner will not be based off total weight loss but based off of their participation in the program. Details on winner will be discussed in our first meet up on 4/14/19.
Weekly in-person checkins + training with Lindsay & Mimi. Our private Facebook group will be used to keep you accountable for your weekly challenges.
In addition to support from Lindsay & Mimi, you'll join a group of women in person each week and have access to a private Facebook group to stay motivated & share tips and inspiration.
With our restriction free approach to nutrition you'll feel satisfied and not deprived. Lindsay & Mimi will help you create habits that fit your personal goals and lifestyle.


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Shrigley leads No. 6 SDSU over Utah State, 60-45
BY foxsports • February 19, 2014
SAN DIEGO (AP) -- With Utah State out of the way, the No. 6 San Diego State Aztecs can concentrate on their big showdown Saturday night at New Mexico.
Matt Shrigley scored 15 points -- including four 3-pointers -- and San Diego State used a stifling defense to beat Utah State 60-45 Tuesday night, the Aztecs' 12th straight home victory.
Josh Davis added 12 points and Skylar Spencer 10 for the Aztecs (23-2, 12-1 Mountain West Conference), who play their much-anticipated first game of the season against New Mexico on Saturday night. The Lobos (19-5, 10-2) are in second place in the MWC going into their game at UNLV on Wednesday night. The Aztecs and Lobos finish the regular season at San Diego on March 8.
"We just had to come out and get a win," said point guard Xavier Thames, who was held to a season-low four points. "We didn't want to make a statement or anything. We just wanted to come out and compete hard and we did that for 40 minutes."
Utah State (15-11, 5-9) would have tied its season-low of 42 points if not for a 3-pointer by Viko Noma'aea with 29 seconds left. SDSU held the Aggies to 34 percent shooting. SDSU led by double digits since 10:56 in the first half and scored the last 10 points of the game.
"This was a good win against a good team that didn't play well tonight and we had a lot to do with it," SDSU coach Steve Fisher said. "What they did in our first game, coming off screens and making shots, they shot 52 percent they were 9 of 18 from 3-point range, we took away from them tonight. We made it hard for them to get good looks and that can wear on you. We're very proud of how we competed and played. I'm very, very pleased with how we played."
Utah State coach Stew Morrill couldn't say the same thing.
"We could have come in here and played well and lost," Morrill said. "We didn't. We came in here and played poorly and lost. Their defense is very good. They gave us very little. They were long and tough on the boards."
The previous high for Shrigley, a redshirt freshman, was 14 points against San Diego Christian on Nov. 20.
"I think I played well. I just wanted to go out and compete like our coaches always say, and play hard. ' Shrigley said. His teammates "were getting me the ball in the right situations. The corner was open and X was able to get me those wide-open shots."
SDSU was playing one day after dropping one spot in The Associated Press Top 25. It lost at Wyoming a week earlier, its first defeat since Nov. 14, at home to Arizona. The Aztecs rebounded by beating Air Force at home on Saturday night.
Jarred Shaw and Spencer Butterfield scored 10 points apiece for Utah State.
Utah State pushed the Aztecs into overtime at Logan on Jan. 25 before losing 74-69. The Aggies shot 60.9 percent in the second half of that game.
San Diego State took control early, holding Utah State scoreless for nearly six minutes while going on a 12-0 run that included two 3-pointers by Shrigley for a 16-5 lead. After Shaw made a layup, Shrigley hit another 3.
San Diego State quickly pushed the lead to 32-14, getting a three-point play and a layup from JJ O'Brien, a bucket off a rebound by Winston Shepard and a layup and two free throws by Thames.
The Aztecs led 35-22 at halftime.
"They're really good defensively," Butterfield said. "They're in the Top 10 in the country for a reason -- they play tough defense. They've got some tall guards and they're all very athletic."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Whale & Jazz Festival is jazz festival held in Gualala, California North Coast, California. This is held during the Smithsonian Institute's Jazz Appreciation Month of April. The event promotes and educates us about the whales. (Whale Education Program) Jazz music permeating the air, as well as, art, film, poetry, wine, and restaurants throughout the area.


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PwC welcomes more than 300 graduate recruits across Middle East
27 September 2019 Consultancy-me.com 2 min. read
The Middle East offices of professional services firm PwC have welcomed 322 new faces as part of the firm's annual graduate intake – with over 100 of those joining in Saudi Arabia.
Following yet another year of bumper growth – with local revenues jumping by more than 19 percent for fiscal 2019 – PwC Middle East has also now extended its headcount with 322 fresh graduates joining the professional services firm across its twelve regional branches. The injection of young talent sees PwC's Middle East headcount push toward the 6,000 mark – up from from 4,200 less than two years ago.
"We are committed to developing young talent as part of our continued confidence to invest in the region," said PwC Middle East People Partner Emma Campbell. "At PwC, we are proud to provide the opportunity for graduates to be themselves, to work on their individual growth and to unlock their potential by offering them a fulfilling career and a rewarding professional journey within the firm."
According to PwC, as an indication of its commitment to developing local talent, 40 percent of its new recruits are GCC nationals (with almost 90 percent being Arabic speakers), including all 104 of those joining PwC in Saudi Arabia, every one of them a Saudi citizen. Meanwhile, women make up almost half of the regional intake, with this ratio at 35 percent for the Saudi Arabian batch.
"Our graduates represent the future of our firm," said PwC Middle East Senior Partner Hani Ashkar. "Each year, we work hard to ensure that our graduate mix is balanced and diverse, representing the region we operate in. Our commitment to developing young talent in the region is a testament to our continued confidence in the market and their ability to lead through times of change."
The 100 percent Saudi national profile of the new graduates entering PwC's local office is a first for the firm, and follows shortly after its launch of a range of employment initiatives aimed at attracting, developing and retaining Saudi professionals while encouraging their progress toward leadership positions. Incentives include added payments for travel and bonuses to celebrate career milestones.
Almost half of the PwC personnel in Saudi Arabia are now local nationals. "We are also extremely proud of the fact that almost 35 percent of our new grads are women; our desire to help build the future female leaders of tomorrow continues to be a key priority," said PwC KSA leader Riyadh Al-Najjar. "I look forward to welcoming our new joiners as they embark on their journey with PwC."
The firm-wide recruits recently gathered in Dubai for an induction session – an event Ashkar described as always his most favorite of the year – where they interacted closely with PwC's Middle East Leadership team and received an overview of the firm and its strategy. "So proud to welcome 322 graduates today," Ashkar said, "class of 2019! Wishing them all the best as they embark on their careers."
PwC makes 35 mid-year partnership promotions in Middle East
PwC Saudi Arabia committed to developing local and female talent
More Career
KPMG's annual intern uptake in Bahrain surpasses 70 mark KPMG's 'Hussain Kasim Professional Internship Program' in Bahrain looks back at one of its most active years since its inception, having welcomed over 70 interns to its ranks over the past year.
7th class of Dubai Business Associate program celebrates graduation Following their graduation from the Dubai Business Associate program, a group of 29 professionals are now well-equipped for kickstarting their ambitious career.
Sophia Addas on her career milestone at Alvarez & Marsal in Saudi Sophia Addas has recently hit a special milestone in her career, becoming the first woman to join the director ranks of Alvarez & Marsal in Saud Arabia.
Human Resources consulting firms Human Resources consulting services
One third of Middle East workers eyeing new job While the 'great resignation' has most famously hit employers hard in western economies, large waves of people have also been re-evaluating their roles in economies around the world.
PwC puts forward talent agenda for Qatar's manufacturing skills gap The manufacturing sector in Qatar is a priority sector under the National Vision 2030 programme and a key contributor to the government's economic diversification agenda.
Shortage of skilled workers means GCC companies must step up Around the world, economies are struggling with labour shortages following the pandemic.
PwC news
GCC countries will buck the global recession, say PwC economists With public finances enjoying a healthy surplus on the back of booming oil-based revenues, and consumer optimism despite economic headwinds, the GCC is expected to buck the global recession.
PwC strikes partnership with Abu Dhabi-based AI group G42 PwC has entered a strategic agreement with G42, an artificial intelligence and cloud computing company based in Abu Dhabi.


Donut stop reading - ever!
This laser engraved wooden donut bookmark is made from finished Baltic Birch wood. The top of the bookmark was hand drawn, digitized, and then laser engraved in our studio in Illinois. This bookmark would make a great gift for the book lover in your life and fits perfectly inside the pages of your favorite book!


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Introducing: Brooke Eden
By Jessica Nicholson
As the coronavirus pandemic marches on and tours remain at a halt, singer-songwriter Brooke Eden and her longtime girlfriend Hilary Hoover have spent the past several months as many couples have; finding new forms of entertainment and tackling projects together.
"I've become a board game fanatic," Eden says. "We've started to play board games, Euchre and dominoes. It gets super competitive. I've started dreaming of patterns and how to outwit everyone. We're also renovating our barn behind our house to create a game hall. When everyone can get together again, we want to be with our family and friends, so we're creating a space for that community."
Though it seems they've been keeping themselves sufficiently busy, Eden has also dedicated this new-found time to recording new music, releasing some of her most authentic songs to date with the double shot of singles 'No Shade' and 'Sunroof'. The breezy video for the latter focuses on Eden and Hoover riding in a Mustang on a sun-drenched day while exploring Eden's hometown in South Florida, making it one of just a handful of country music videos to feature a same-sex couple. The video reached No. 1 and No.3 on the iTunes country music video chart and all-genre video chart respectively.
Despite having been together for nearly five years, Eden only formally made their relationship public in January. "We kept our love a secret for three and a half years. It was awful", she captioned a video shared on social media. "About a year ago, we decided we wouldn't be silenced anymore and started living our love out loud."
'Sunroof', and its accompanying video, seem to capture a moment of fresh air for Eden, both professionally and personally. Speaking with Holler about the song's impact, Eden opened up about the significance of her relationship, and the emotional journey she's embarked on towards becoming fully – and unapologetically - herself.
'Sunroof' has been such a hit since you released it earlier this year. How did it feel to watch as the video hit No. 1 in the charts?
It's so hard to even let it soak in. I'm very much a realist – and sure, I know it's real and I'm watching it develop, but I'm like, "Is this really happening? Am I going to wake up from a dream soon?" It feels very surreal.
Together, the two singles seem to chronicle your personal journey over the past few years. What inspired the idea for 'Sunroof'?
We were picking up Mexican food for lunch, and I sat in the car when Hilary ran in to get it. We'd recently had all these ice storms in Nashville, so I remember opening the sunroof and feeling the warmth of the sun. I had this sense of giddy excitement, mixed with an overwhelming feeling of peace; just thinking about the hope and promise of spring. This is so hippy-dippy of me, but I thought, "This feeling reminds me of falling in love with Hil." I just thought, "Wow, you feel like a sunroof."
How did you and Hilary meet?
It was about five years ago, on the first week of a radio tour. Hilary was one of my radio promotions reps. As soon as she walked down to the bus, I just had this overwhelming feeling of peace. By the end of the week, I had so much respect for her as a human, and I thought she was just the coolest person. At first, I thought, "We're going to be best friends," but soon I realized, "Wow, I don't feel this way about my friends. This is a different feeling." Luckily, she had the same feeling, so we went from there and we've been together ever since.
At the time you were developing your relationship, you also had a song, 'Act Like You Don't', approaching the Top 40 at country radio. Did you feel, even in that early stage, that your relationship might have an impact on your career?
The first few years of our relationship were very secretive, and it was excruciating. We were told by members of my team - who are no longer on my team - that we could only be in a relationship inside our homes. It was terrible, because I had never been in love like this. When you love someone so much, you want to shout it from the rooftops, and there was none of that. It was all very, "You should keep this hush-hush." For the longest time, I couldn't help thinking, "I really want to be myself, but this hasn't worked in country music yet." When artists like Chely Wright and Ty Herndon came out at the same time as releasing music, they were essentially canceled. But everyone looks for love their whole lives, and I've found a special, extraordinary love. I was sure as hell not going to let that get away from me. I want to give hope to other artists and people who might be going through the same process - I hope our story can make it a little less scary for them.
What gave you that confidence to live your life fully?
I was reading Untamed by Glennon Doyle; one of the chapters talked about living with integrity. It mentioned living your life one way when you're inside your own bubble, and then living it another way when you're outside of it. How am I, as a human, supposed to live with integrity if I'm not living the same way both inside and out? Country music is supposed to be about authenticity. I knew there was no way I could put out music again and not be authentic. People at my label even tell me, "We want you to be the artist and the person you are." There were just a lot of these little moments that led me to say, "I'm finally ready to be myself," and live our love out loud.
What has it been like for the two of you weathering the pandemic together?
Getting to spend this much time with Hil has been amazing. We're really good teammates. We've experienced so many great times and equally a lot of hard times, so at this point we feel as long as we're together, we can get through anything. That openness and joy has led to me making all of this music that is just really happy. It's really important to me to release music that has hope. That's what we all need right now.
Sunroof is out now via This Is Hit / BBR Music Group. Brooke is the first featured artist of our brand new Introducing playlist - listen and subscribe below.
Photography by Ford Fairchild
Country Brooke Eden
Jessica Nicholson
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Introducing: Lainey Wilson
By Jof Owen, February 19, 2021


As you guys might have noticed by now, I tend to visit Moscow quite frequently. My parents live there with my little brother and I usually go back there twice a year and they come here once or twice. Because I was still bon under USSR and my parents were too, Russian was the most common spoken language, and even though I grew up in the Ukraine (and my parents in Moldova) all of us were brought up speaking Russian as our first language. I didn't actually visit Russia until 2009 when my parents moved there, a little weird isn't it? Today I thought I would compile my Moscow Travel tips for you, the way I did with my Paris ones (I plan on doing it for every country I visit).I also often get asked the same questions about visiting Russia that I thought I would also answer here.
How long is the flight and what are the visa regulations? – Depending on which airline you fly, but all together the flying time is roughly 12-13 hours. I don't know any airline that does a direct trip, so you will need to do stopover of some sorts. I usually fly Etihad that has a couple of hour stopover in Abu Dhabi, or Emirates with a stop in Dubai. The visa regulations are different for every country, but yes you will most probably need a visa.
But isn't it always cold?– If I had a cent for every time I get asked this question I would be super rich by now. Contrary to popular belief, it is not always cold in Russia, especially in Moscow. During the summer months (June-August) it actually gets pretty hot, hotter than in does in South Africa. However it is quite chilly in winter- the worst I've experienced was -10C, but honestly everything there is equipped for the cold. It is super warm inside, so the only cold you will get is running to and from a car/bus/subway. This is mainly in Moscow, because if you travel east of Russia to Siberia, yes it does drop to -40C in winter. I don't suggest you go there for leisure ;). If you are visiting in summer pack a light jacket and a pair of jeans as a precaution for when it rains, and that will be enough. If you are travelling in winter, pack stockings to wear under your jeans and puffy jackets- those tend to keep you quite warm.
Does everyone only drink vodka?– Another stereotype, which I get asked a lot. I don't drink very much at all, and people always give me a shocking look when I tell them that I hate vodka. It is the most popular alcohol beverage in Russia, and yes a lot of people drink it, but there are a variety of alcohol beverages available anywhere you go, so no you won't just be stuck with drinking vodka the whole time ;).
Is there public transport?– Yes and a lot of it. Subways, trains and buses all operate very efficiently. However I think Moscow is for walking, especially if you want to experience it. I love the Old Arbat Street that is filled with souvenir shops and little Russian cafes, and make sure you walk along Tverskoy Boulevard- a business street that leads to the Red Square. The architecture in Moscow is beautiful so make sure to stop and admire it from time to time. I wouldn't suggest taking the subway unless you are very desperate as it is complicated and gets super full during peak hours.
Do Russians speak English?- Yes but not many and not well, so make sure to take a little translator with.
What souvenirs should I get? – I love the traditional Matreshkas (nesting dolls) because they don't only come in one pattern. Nowadays you can get Matreshkas with any design- last year I bought my boyfriend a Liverpool Team Matreshka, that had Steven Gerrard as the big Matreshka, and 5 of the other Liverpool players as the smaller ones. Gosh I've seen a Beatles one, a past Russian presidents one and even a One Direction one (not joking).
What is there to see?– You can check out my post on my Top 5 things to do in Moscow here, but definitely visit the Red Square (its free) and have an ice cream there. If you love beautiful Cathedrals then make sure to see the Cathedral Of Christ The Savior (also free entrance). There are lots of museums if you love art and the entry fee is usually very little, the maximum I have paid is R150(15$) (students also get discounts if you present your student card).
What's the food like?– DELICIOUS! I love me some Russian food and even though Moscow is bursting with fancy Italian and Chinese restaurants, as well as most franchises, please give those a skip and go try some traditional Russian food. Borz, "Herring in Fur Coat" (a salad of herring under layers of beetroot, potato and carrots), Blini (crepes), Pelmeni (big meat ravioli) and Kompot (a home made berry juice) are just some of my favorite things. But even if you are not adventurous there are lots of Burger Kings, Wendy's and Starbucks there for you.
My favourite breakfast of rice porridge with fruit and Blini with Cherry Jam.
I have such a sense of Wanderlust right now.. I have to visit ??


Boys soccer picked up a big 2-1 victory over CV last night. Most of the game was played 1-1 after early goals for each team. The Rams were able to score the game winner on a penalty kick with about 10 minutes remaining. The victory keeps the Rams in first place in the DVL standings with only 4 games remaining.
The Boys Basketball team also picked up a decisive victory 67-29 over the Arabs. The Rams jumped out to a 15-0 early lead and never looked back. The Senior basketball players were honored before the game and put up an impressive showing. Congratulations to both teams.


The regulator paid other firms £647,651 in 2016/17 to conduct the survey.
Research by the AA shows first decline since Q1 2016.
Regulator publishes findings of its largest research pool with UK consumers.
Discount rate cuts, regulation changes, FCA warnings and failing unrated providers were among the hot topics we quizzed brokers on in the latest Sentiment Survey.
Average increase for comprehensive motor cover was 12.9% over the past 12 months.
However premiums are set to go up and will also be hit by a 2% IPT increase from June this year.
Market's COR deteriorates to 97.9% as GWP rises.
Trend of flat or falling first quarter premiums continues for fifth year.
COR and pre-tax profit both improve.


All throughout the 2000 Tour, interviews and promotions, one or another Who member (though usually Roger) would make a statement that the band was going "to go", or "to try and go" into the studio, nothing happened that year. Throughout 2001, the hope and the rumors continued.
Albom: "...what's the next performance schedule for The Who?"
Roger: "We're starting work in September doing, uh, charity shows and a, a few gigs around Europe and studio work. So That's going to be very interesting ... very experimental"
Albom: "...You're gonna do a new album?"
Roger: "(laughing) We're gonna try."
September came and went and it appeared that the reality would be that 2001 would pass without the band stepping foot into the recording studio, despite any good intentions.
The rumors of live appearances also appeared early in the year. The first was February's highly unlikely rumor of The Who at the summer's V98 Festival. In June, reports came in that there were a number of "reserved" dates in the fall at various venues in Spain. Roger's above quote during his radio interview seemed to give that a bit more credibility.
Then came the September 11th attack on the World Trade Center, NYC.
WHO drummer Zak Starkey - son of ex-Beatle Ringo - said in New York there may be a new album from the band next year. He said: "Pete Townshend has got lots of ideas. I've played with them live but not really recorded. It would be a dream come true as I believe we are still the best band in the world."
There was still hope of a few more gigs before the end of the year, along with promises for 2002!
"The Who is still around alive and kickin', and we're gonna be doing some more benefits, hopefully this year,definitely next year. We got a whole week of concerts planned at the Albert Hall between the 4th and the 9th of February. We're gonna be doing at least one of those nights, possibly two, depending on what guest stars we can get to do the other nights. ...but it's gonna happen, and again that's for Teenage Cancer Trust."
Pete on Dec 23rd, announced on his official site that The Who would be performing "warm-up" gigs prior to the February benefit, AND that there would be US SUMMER 2002 TOUR DATES as well as UK FALL 2002 dates!!


Filled with juicy white meat chicken strips and an array of zesty flavors. Sit back and let the chili peppers, onions, lime, and garlic turn a time-saving, healthy meal into a satisfying, tasty treat.
Water, cooked white chicken strips (white chicken meat, water, isolated soy protein, salt, spice), red bell peppers, green bell peppers, cooked enriched rice (long grain rice, iron phosphate, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, folic acid), onions, fire roasted corn, chicken fat, olive oil, chicken broth, spice, lime juice concentrate, yeast extract, chili powder (chili pepper, cumin, salt, garlic, oregano), modified food starch, xanthan gum, garlic powder, maltodextrin, salt.


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Category Archives: dole
Custom survived: Somerleyton Bun and Penny Day, Suffolk
To most people Valentine's Day means cards, flowers, romantic meals, but to the staff and pupils of Somerleyton Primary School it is Bun and Penny Day, a unique custom.
Not a bun fight
Each year on or the nearest school day to, St Valentine's Day, the children of Somerleyton Primary school make the journey to the impressive Hall where the Lord and Lady of the manor welcome the excitable children in their bright blue jumpers into the spacious main hall of the house. Here awaits them crates of iced buns and piles of money. The children are naturally very excited. This is clearly a highlight of their year and the older children have been every year of their primary school tenure.
Sing for your supper…or rather bun
This is not a simply turn up and get your bun and money, the children have to perform, although they were clearly happy. The children had practiced for a series of traditional songs. Lined up neatly in front of the red flock wall-paper and gold of the room, nervously at first they begin. In 2013 to link in with their studies on World War II the children attended in 1940s fancy dress. The Lowerstoft Journal reported that they were:
" singing war time songs for Lord and Lady Somerleyton in the ballroom of the hall. They also gave a performance of 1940s-style dancing Nyree Martin, the acting head of the school, said: "The children were really excited about the visit. They were quite overwhelmed by the grandeur of the building and knew it was a really special occasion. "It was very special for them to perform in such a grand venue. They are really good singers. They performed a selection of nine songs from war time including Goodnight Sweetheart, The Quartermaster's Store, Bless Them All and White Cliffs of Dover."
Certainly the children soon get into the swing and clearly enjoy the performance. The children also showed their talent with performing with flutes, cellos and violas showing a wide range of talent from the children.
No penny pinching
It is good to see that the custom has moved with the times. Whilst a penny might have bought a few sweets years back, it would not garner much excitement now. So it is reassuring that inflation has hit the custom is a good way and now each child collects a shiny a 50p piece as well as an iced bun from Lord and Lady Somerleyton, currently the Hon Hugh Crossley and his wife Lara.
In for a penny in for a pound
How did the tradition begin? East Anglia has a strong connection with Valentine's Day (or especially Eve as I have reported with Father Valentine). It is possible that the tradition was to remember the custom of Valentining, when local children the country over would visit houses to beg for gifts. What is known for sure is that the custom dates back to when Sir Morton Peto lived in the house in the 1840s. Why he decided to start the custom is unclear. One theory suggested is that it was a way of saying thank you to the children who worked in the fields over the summer. Although one would ask why it was done on Valentine's Day. Another possibility is that it was originally associated with Shrove Tuesday a date more commonly associated with the giving of children buns. What is interesting is the lack of any reporting by folklorists of this custom.
Sadly like any school customs there will always be an end as noted by a Year Six pupil, Eden, said:
"This is the seventh time I have done Penny and Bun Day. It's always really fun singing there and the buns are really tasty especially when you can eat them with your friends."
Hopefully his secondary school could introduce a similar custom!
Filed under Costumed, dole, Food, Private, School, Singing, Suffolk, Surviving, Valentines and tagged Calendar custom blog, calendar customs, calendar customs blog, customs, customs and traditions, customs blog, Suffolk; Somerleyton Hall., Traditional Custom, traditions, traditions blog |	Leave a comment
Custom survived: Biddenden's Chalkhurst Dole
Posted on April 30, 2018 by pixyledpublications
"There is a vulgar tradition in these parts, that the figures on the cakes represent the donors of this gift, being two women, twins, who were joined together in their bodies, and lived together so till they were between twenty and thirty years of age. But this seems without foundation. The truth seems to be, that it was the gift of two maidens, of the name of Preston ; and that the print of the women on the cakes has taken place only within these fifty years, and was made to represent two poor widows, as the general objects of a charitable benefaction."
So records Edward Hasted in his History of Kent in 1812, about what is perhaps the most famed of annually distributed doles that of the picturesque Wealden village of Biddenden; which happens every year on Easter Monday. It is a custom which features in virtually every book on calendar customs but why?
The earliest surviving depiction of Biddenden cakes, 1775. The figures are shown as conjoined, but the names, ages and 1100 date are not shown source Wikipedia Public Domain
T. F. Thistleton-Dyer (1911) in his British popular customs past and present tells us:
"The cakes distributed on this occasion were impressed with the figures of two females side by side, and close together."! Amongst the country people it was believed that these figures represented two maidens named Preston, who had left the endowments; and they further alleged that the ladies were twins, who were bond in bodily union, that is, joined side to side, as represented on the cakes ; who lived nearly thirty years in this connection, when at length one of them died, necessarily causing the death of the other in a few hours. It is thought by the Biddenden people that the figures on the cakes are meant as a memorial of this natural prodigy, as well as of the charitable disposition of the two ladies."
Local tradition records that the benefactors of the charity were Eliza and Mary Chalkhurst, the name Preston has never been traced locally, who gave their lands those twenty acres to the poor on their death in 1134. Now there is nothing unusual in sisters joining giving monies this example however is possibly unique – the sisters were conjoined twins – as shown by the biscuit or cake given out. They lived jointly to the age of 34 with one dying and the other giving up her life at the same time.
The custom has changed a little over the years as Hasted again notes that:
"Twenty Acres Of Land, called the Bread and Cheese Lands, lying in five pieces, were given by persons unknown, the yearly rents to be distributed among the poor of this parish. This is yearly done on Easter Sunday in the afternoon, in 600 cakes, each of which have the figures of two women impressed on them, and are given to all such as attend the church; and 270 loaves, weighing three pounds and an half a-piece; to which latter is added one pound and an half of cheese, are given to the parishioners only, at the same time."
The following account was written 1808 to be provided as a broadside which featured a woodcut of the twins and a brief history of their alleged story was sold outside the church at Easter:
"A Short but Concise account of Eliza and Mary Chulkhurst
who were born joined together by the Hips and Shoulders
In the year of our Lord 1100 at Biddenden in the County of Kent, commonly called
The Biddenden Maids
The reader will observe by the plate of them, that they lived together in the above state Thirty-four years, at the expiration of which time one of them was taken ill and in a short time died; the surviving one was advised to be separated from the body of her deceased Sister by dissection, but she absolutely refused the separation by saying these words—"As we came together we will also go together,"—and in the space of about Six Hours after her Sister's decease she was taken ill and died also.
By their will they bequeath to the Churchwardens of the Parish of Biddenden and their successors Churchwardens for ever, certain Pieces or Parcels of Land in the Parish of Biddenden, containing Twenty Acres more or less, which now let at 40 Guineas per annum. There are usually made, in commemoration of these wonderful Phenomena of Nature, about 1000 Rolls with their Impression printed on them, and given away to all strangers on Easter Sunday after Divine Service in the Afternoon; also about 500 Quartern Loaves and Cheese in proportion, to all the poor Inhabitants of the said Parish."
Copies of this account are still distributed. What is interesting as this is the first to make mention of the names of the twins. Did it invent them?
Two's a crowd
The dole has had many threats put upon it partly as a consequence of its size and fame. In 1656 the Rector, a John Horner, then the rector of the parish, claimed the Bread and Cheese lands as being given to augment his glebe, but the Court of Exchequer did not agree.
Many villages had doles, indeed the majority provided for their poor, so it surprising to record that the dole became increasingly more and more popular. In the late 1700s for those attending the service were given six hundred cakes whilst ironically only two hundred and seventy loaves of three and a half pounds weight each, with a pound and a half of cheese, were given in addition to the parishioners. It was clearly more popular outside of the village. For example the following from Hone's Everyday Book account of 1830 states that the custom:
"attracted from the adjacent towns and villages by the usage, and the wonderful account of its origin, and the day is spent in rude festivity"
By 1872, 538 loaves were being distributed. Indeed as an article in 1992 by Jan Boderson called The Biddenden Maids: a curious chapter in the history of conjoined twins in the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine stated that these large crowds became problematic and at one occasion an unruly mob had developed that was kept in order by the church wardens using their staffs to keep them back. All this did not impress the church and By 1882 the village's rector again, this time Rev Giles Hinton had petitioned to abandon the dole stating that:
"even to this time is with much disorder and indecency observed and needs a regulation by His Grace's authority."
His Grace, Sancroft Archbishop of Canterbury allowed it to continue minus the free beer! It was also at this time that it moved from the church to outside. Very wise! Even so it is worth observing that even in 1902 as a picture by noted photographer Sir Benjamin Stone showed three severe looking policemen watching the assembled queue. By this time the date had changed and the workhouse its location.
When in 1907, the Chulkhurst Charity was joined with other local charities with similar purposes, to form the Biddenden Consolidated Charity the distribution survived where in other villages such moves removed the ceremony. Even when the charity's Bread and Cheese Lands were sold for housing the custom survived indeed the profitability of the land provided the opportunity for better provision. As a result not only is bread, cheese and tea provided but cash payments are made at Christmas. Again, the custom survived the 1940s and 1950s food rationing where cocoa replaced the cheese until it resumed in 1951.Finally the closure of the village's bakery in the 1990s which for generations had provided the bread closed…the dole soldiered on.
Filed under Civic, dole, Easter, Effigy, Food, Kent, Memorial, Surviving and tagged Calendar custom blog, calendar customs, calendar customs blog, church, customs, customs blog, folklore, folklore blog, Kent, Local history, Traditional Custom, traditions, traditions blog |	Leave a comment
Custom demised: Sarah Hill's Easter encouragement of good behaviour, Wargrave, Berkshire
Bequests and charities are popular subjects for this blog and every now and then I discover a surviving one which is locally known but nationally not known, unlike the Biddenden dole in this month's blog posts. Sadly, I've discovered one which no longer exists but I did hope it did for the very nature of its regulations. In the small village of Wargrave, in 1822, a Mrs. Sarah Hill left a considerable sum of £400 which produced £12 per annum, to the vicar and churchwardens of Wargrave, and the interest to he applied in a number of curious ways.
Firstly her will will provide £1 at Easter for:
"two labourers of the parish of Wargrave, whose characters should stand the highest for honesty, sobriety, and industry"
Widows or old unmarried women, I have always been concerned that the elderly spinster missed out on many benefactions were also included:
"To six widows of Wargrave, or any old unmarried woman of the same place, whose characters were unimpeachable, the sum of ten shillings each at Easter."
Servants were included as well:
"£3 a-year to be set apart and applied every four years, to a female servant who had lived the greatest number of years in one place in Wargrave parish, not less than four years, and whose character for honesty, sobriety, and good conduct was undoubted."
Then finally:
"£3 a year to the National School, and £1 a-year at Easter to be given, in new crown pieces as honorary medals, to two boys and two girls of the National School aforesaid."
Why, well Hill's Will makes it quite clear:
"No boy to receive the reward who was undutiful to his parents, or was ever heard to swear, to tell untruths, or known to steal, or break windows, or do any kind of mischief; and no girl was to receive the reward who was not in every respect modest, attentive to business, and well behaved."
I am sure it would be well received by the few shillings were little recompense for a year of good behaviour no doubt. Finally her Will records:
"And Mrs. Hill sincerely hoped that these donations, however small, might, in some degree answer the intended purpose of encouraging the good and well disposed. The constant attendance at the parish church to be also a requisite recommendation."
I wonder if they did and now that the money has run out are the local children breaking windows, the girls immodest, the servants never sober and the labourers lazy and dishonest…not to say anything about the widows! I think not, not in leafy Berkshire!
Filed under Berkshire, Church, dole, Easter, Lost, Memorial |	Leave a comment
Custom demised: Push Penny at Durham Cathedral, County Durham
Penny scrambling customs have a tendency to survive and there exist widely across the country usually but not exclusively associated with fairs. Thomas Thistleton-Dyer in his Popular customs notes an example held in Durham. He states that
"Mr. Cuthbert Carlton, of Durham, gives in the Durham Chronicle, of November 29th, 1872, the following account of a curious custom called " Push Penny." He says: This custom, which has been discontinued nearly a quarter of a century, is thus referred to in the Derbyshire Times of Saturday last:—
"There is a custom which has been upheld from time immemorial by the Dean and Chapter of Durham on three days in the year—30th of January, 29th of May, and 5th of November, the anniversary of King Charles' Martyrdom, Royal Oak Day, and Gunpowder Plot, which is known among Durham lads as "push-penny" On these days the Chapter causes twenty shillings in copper to be scrambled for in the college yard by the juveniles, who never fail to be present.' The practice observed every 29th of May, and 5th of November, was to throw away within the college thirty shillings in penny pieces. Whether the custom dates from time immemorial, it is difficult to say, but the two last dates would seem only to point to the origin of the custom at the end of the seventeenth, or beginning of the eighteenth centuries, to testify the loyalty of the Dean and Chapter to the Throne, and their appreciation of the happy restoration of the ' Merry Monarch,' and the escape of the King and his Parliament on the 6th of November. There was some such custom, however, during the monastic period, when pennies were thrown away to the citizens who were wont to assemble in the vicinity of the Prior's mansion. At Bishop Auckland the bishop was accustomed to throw away silver pennies at certain times of the year, and it is even a peck of copper was in earlier times scattered broad-cast among the people. The Reformation, however, swept these and many other old customs away, but after the Restoration of Charles II., the Dean and Chapter no doubt considered the 29th of May and the 5th of November ought to be kept as days of rejoicing, and as one means of doing so caused one of their officials to throw a bag full of pennies to the people who met in the college. The duty was entrusted to the senior verger of the cathedral. For many years it was the practice for the children of the Blue Coat Schools to attend Divine service in the cathedral, who were drawn up in rank and file in the nave, for the inspection of the prebends, who minutely examined the new scholastic garments of the Blue Coat scholars. This being done they were ushered into the choir, and at the end of the service a regular pellmell rush was made for the cloister doors, in order to be present at ' push-penny.' The scenes on these occasions were almost beyond description. For a few years the custom thus continued, the attendants at ' push-penny ' gradually diminishing; for twenty-five years, however, it has been discontinued, nor is it likely to be revived."
And so, the reporter is correct, it has never been revived. Its extinction considering it existed on a number of separate occasions shows how a custom will die out if someone wants it to!
Filed under Church, Civic, dole, Durham, School and tagged calendar customs, calendar customs blog, Cathedral, church, County Durham, customs and traditions, customs blog, folklore blog, Local history, Penny Push, Scrambling, Traditional Custom, traditions |	Leave a comment
Custom Survived: William Hubbard Graveside Easter Singing, Market Harborough, Leicestershire
"An Easter Custom. — On each recurring Easter Eve, in pursuance of a custom which has continued for more than a century (and which, as a fund was left for the purpose, will continue for centuries to come), the church choir of Market Harborough visit the 'God's Acre' of St. Mary's, and sing at midnight the beautiful Easter hymn over the grave of Mr. Hubbard, the founder of the chantry of that name."
The History of Market- Harborough in Leicestershire and its vicinity by William Harrod (1808)
On the outskirts of Market Harborough is a ghostly shell of a church twixt between an industrial site, the railway station and the urban sprawl. Surrounded by a few graves it is a mysterious place. There are many such derelict churches open to the elements slowly decaying, unvisited all bar the curious- this one is an exception though for despite being a ruin once year on the evening before Easter Sunday this desolate place is warmed by the sounds of heavenly voices in a custom which has been done for over 200 years.
Willed to sing
The originator of this unique bequest was William Hubbard, a gardener and more importantly churchwarden. When he died in 1786, aged 63 his will stipulated:
"at the decease of his wife to the Singers of Harborough for the time being for ever the sum of One Guinea yearly on condition of their finding over his grave every Easter eve the EASTER HYMN the said guinea to be paid out of the rent of a house now in the tenure of Mr Clark painter &c In cafe the singers should neglect complying with the donor's desire the said legacy is to be applied to purchasing shoes for widows."
Sadly those local widows have shoeless because without fail the congregation of the more substantial St. Dionysius church dutifully come here every Easter Saturday to sing since 1807, presumably the death date of his widow. That guinea has gone a long way! I am not sure whether it pays for anything now but in 1957 a rent charge was still being taken.
Sing when you're winning!
When I first came to experience this custom, it was a balmy Easter Saturday in 1996, 7th of April. The churchyard was quiet, mysterious and unloved. I located the grey slate gravestone of William Hubbard and waited.
Soon a small choir appeared. Arched around the grave the vicar, curate and choir made a fine sight in themselves but when the hymns were sung it was magical.
2016 – Spot the difference!
Obviously it is a short service. It started with Chorus novae Jerusalem
"Ye choirs of new Jerusalem, your sweetest notes employ, the Paschal victory to hymn in strains of holy joy. For Judah's Lion bursts his chains, crushing the serpent's head; and cries aloud through death's domains to wake the imprisoned dead. Devouring depths of hell their prey at his command restore; his ransomed hosts pursue their way where Jesus goes before. Triumphant in his glory now to him all power is given; to him in one communion bow all saints in earth and heaven. While we, his soldiers, praise our King, his mercy we implore, within his palace bright to bring and keep us evermore. All glory to the Father be, all glory to the Son, all glory, Holy Ghost, to thee, while endless ages run."
Then a reading is given in 2016, the Gospel for Easter was Matthew 27 a very adapt piece about Jesus's burial:
"As evening approached, there came a rich man from Arimathea, named Joseph, who had himself become a disciple of Jesus. Going to Pilate, he asked for Jesus' body, and Pilate ordered that it be given to him. Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, and placed it in his own new tomb that he had cut out of the rock. He rolled a big stone in front of the entrance to the tomb and went away. Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were sitting there opposite the tomb.
The Guard at the Tomb: The next day, the one after Preparation Day, the chief priests and the Pharisees went to Pilate. Sir," they said, "we remember that while he was still alive that deceiver said, 'After three days I will rise again.' So give the order for the tomb to be made secure until the third day. Otherwise, his disciples may come and steal the body and tell the people that he has been raised from the dead. This last deception will be worse than the first." "Take a guard," Pilate answered. "Go, make the tomb as secure as you know how." So they went and made the tomb secure by putting a seal on the stone and posting the guard."
The Easter Hymn was sung
"Jesus Christ is risen today, Alleluia! our triumphant holy day, Alleluia! who did once upon the cross, Alleluia! suffer to redeem our loss. Alleluia! Hymns of praise then let us sing, Alleluia! unto Christ, our heavenly King, Alleluia! who endured the cross and grave, Alleluia! sinners to redeem and save. Alleluia! But the pains which he endured, Alleluia! our salvation have procured, Alleluia! now above the sky he's King, Alleluia! where the angels ever sing. Alleluia!"
Then an Easter Collect and Prayer finishing with a sung grace
"Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word: For mine eyes have seen thy salvation, Which thou hast prepared before the face of all people; A light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen."
Eighteen years later passing this way I came to again experience it. However, my sources were incorrect and I'd missed it by an hour! Finally, again in 2016 I came again, on a most appalling Easter evening. Dark clouds were building up and the wind howled through the ghost of the church. After a while I was beginning to think my sources had been incorrect, had the weather put them off…no soon more and more people arrived. The first thing I noticed is how much the congregation had grown since 1996; despite the awful weather it was clear that this custom was still a popular one…and even the dreadful rain was not going to stop the custom. In 1984, so Brian Shuel in his Traditional Customs of Britain was informed by the vicar:
"in really nasty weather, such as the previous year when it was snowing, they have been known to do it themselves"
It did not stop them, nor did it in 1876 as a local newspaper reports:
"Easter Eve – The old custom to sing the Easter hymn over Mr. Hubbard's grave, in St. Mary's burial ground, was carried out again on Saturday last, at 8.30, by the church choir. To get to the grave yard this year there was something very unusual. The waters, from the rapid melting of the snow which had fallen on the two preceding days, were out, near the Toll-gate and Gas works, but this obstruction was bravely encountered by about thirty of the choir, besides a few others. Many more who intended to go, declined, when they got to the end of the walk, not liking to got through the flood, and returned again to the town. One gentleman was kindly carried over the flood by a young man named Toomes. This little incident amused the choir boys and one of them was overheard to whisper, 'I wish he'd drop him.' We understand this is the 70th year that the above custom has been carried out."
The only shame was that the weather had prevented the congregation wearing their traditional choral attire. Yet in a way it made the custom seem even more bizarre.
Before the Reformation, sung songs and prayers were common from chapels to great Cathedrals, but although these Chantry chapels survive the bequests have long gone, siphoned off to support schools such as Thomas Burton's in Loughborough or incorporated into general funds. What is of course unusual with Hubbard is that this is a post-Reformation one. Little did he also know that he think that when he made the bequest that the church would fall into disuse and ruin. Yet this is part of the curious nature of the custom, despite the church and the possible temptation of removing the grave to somewhere more convenient the custom continues.
All in all, Hubbard's bequest is without doubt one of the countries, a beautiful uplifting tribute to a man long forgotten but still remembered!
Filed under Church, dole, Easter, Leicestershire, Memorial, Sermon, Surviving and tagged Calendar custom blog, calendar customs, calendar customs blog, church, customs and traditions, customs blog, Easter, folklore, folklore blog, Leicestershire, Local history, Market Harborough, Sing, St Mary's church, Traditional Custom, traditions, traditions blog, Willaim Hubbard |	Leave a comment


text:
Fox Sports Promotes Richards to NFL Sunday Coordinating Producer
Wednesday, August 10, 2011 - 4:16 pm
FOX Sports Media Group has elevated Bill Richards to Coordinating Producer of FOX NFL SUNDAY, America's most-watched NFL pregame show, and all of FOX Sports' NFL-related studio programming, including THE OT postgame program. The announcement was made today by FSMG President & Co-COO Eric Shanks. Richards steps into the role Scott Ackerson, recently promoted, had held since 1994.
One of the most versatile and creative members of the FOX Sports production team, Richards has held a variety of positions over the past 15 years. His most visible came in February when he served as line producer for FOX SUPER BOWL SUNDAY prior to Super Bowl XLV in North Texas.
Richards spent seven seasons (2004-10) as the lead producer of FOX NASCAR SUNDAY, the network's critically-acclaimed prerace show. He also produced comedian Frank Caliendo's "Frank's Picks" segment, one of the most popular and entertaining features on FOX NFL SUNDAY, and more recently has overseen FUEL TV's studio programming including The Daily Habit, a mix of athletes, bands and celebrity interviews. Richards is also co-creator, producer and director of Cubed, a weekly sports variety show airing on FOXSports.com and FUEL TV. His work with FOX Sports has been recognized with six Emmy Awards.
"Bill is one of the best and brightest young producers in the business and we're confident he will maintain the high production standards for which FOX NFL SUNDAY and THE OT are renowned," Shanks said. "Bill has refined his skills under Scott Ackerson's expert tutelage, while also stepping out on his own to produce FOX NASCAR SUNDAY. Bill's longtime role on FOX NFL SUNDAY ensures a seamless transition into his new position."
Richards joined the network production staff in 1996 where he has spent his entire professional career. Richards graduated from Cal State Northridge with a degree in broadcast journalism.
Ackerson was recently promoted to Executive Vice President and Executive Producer of all studio programming for the networks and entities within FOX Sports Media Group, which includes FOX Sports, Fox Sports Regional Networks, SPEED, FOX Deportes, FOX Soccer, FUEL TV and FOXSports.com.
Sustainability in Sports Production: Sky Sports Pledges to Make All Host Broadcasts Albert-CertifiedGrass Valley Makes Move Towards Cloud/Software-Defined Future


Indian Patents. 240670:"A PROCESS FOR REMOVAL OF COLOR BODIES FROM POLYTRIMETHYLENE ETHER GLYCOL POLYMERS"
"A PROCESS FOR REMOVAL OF COLOR BODIES FROM POLYTRIMETHYLENE ETHER GLYCOL POLYMERS"
A process is described for reducing the discoloration of P03G. The discolored polymer is contacted with adsorbent and separated therefrom, for instance, by filtration. The treated polytrimethylene, preferably, has an APHA color of less than about 50 and a molecular weight of about 250 to about 5000.
This application claims priority from Provisional U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 60/468,226, filed May 6, 2003, and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/634,687, filed August 5, 2003, which are both hereby incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to removal of color bodies from polytrimethylene ether glycol using solid adsorbents.
1,3-Propanediol (also hereinafter termed "PDO") is a monomer useful in the production of a variety of polymers including polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethers, and cyclic compounds. Homo and copolyethers of polytrimethylene ether glycol (hereinafter termed "PO3G") are examples of polyether polymers. The polymers are ultimately used in various applications including fibers, films, etc.
termed "HPA"). The HPA is reduced to PDO in a final catalytic hydrogenation step. Subsequent final purification involves several processes, including vacuum distillation.
Biochemical routes to 1,3-propanediol have been described that utilize feedstocks produced from biological and renewable resources such as corn feed stock. Such PDO is hereinafter referred to as "biochemical PDO" or "biochemically-derived PDO". For example, bacterial strains able to convert glycerol into 1,3-propanediol are found in e.g., in the species Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus. The technique is disclosed in several patents, including, US Patents 5,633,362, 5,686,276, and, most recently, 5,821,092, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. In US Patent 5,821,092, Nagarajan et al. disclose, inter alia, a process for the biological production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using recombinant organisms. The process incorporates E. coli bacteria, transformed with a heterologous pdu diol dehydratase gene, having specificity for 1,2-propanediol. The transformed E. coli is grown in the presence of glycerol as a carbon source and 1,3-propanediol is isolated from the growth media. Since both bacteria and yeasts can convert glucose (e.g., corn sugar) or other carbohydrates to glycerol, the process of the invention provided a rapid, inexpensive and environmentally responsible source of 1,3- propanediol monomer useful in the production of polyesters, polyethers, and other polymers.
Precipitations (e.g., with 1,2-propylene glycol, as well as carboxylates or other materials) have been used since the early 1980's to separate the colored and odiferous components from desired products (such as enzymes) to obtain purified preparations. Precipitating the high molecular weight constituents from the fermentor liquors, then bleaching these components with a reducing agent (DE3917645) is known. Alternately, microfiltration followed by nanofiltration to remove the residual compounds has also been found helpful (EP657529) where substances with a high molecular weight above the size of separation are held back.
However, nanofiltration membranes become clogged quickly and can be quite expensive.
Various treatment methods are disclosed in the prior art to remove color precursors present in the PDO, however, the methods are laborious, expensive and increase the cost of the polymer. For instance, Kelsey, US Patent 5,527,973, discloses a process for providing a purified 1,3-propanediol that can be used as a starting material for low color polyester. That process has several disadvantages including the use of large equipment and the need for dilution with large quantities of water, which are difficult to remove from the product. Sunkara et al., US Patent 6,235,948, discloses a process for the removal color-forming impurities from 1,3.-propanediol by a preheating, preferably with heterogeneous acid catalysts such as perfluorinated ion exchange polymers. The catalyst is filtered off, and the 1,3-propanediol is then isolated, preferably by vacuum distillation. Preparation of polytrimethylene ether glycol from purified diol gave APHA values of 30 - 40, however, the molecular weight of the polymers were not reported.
oligomers and oligomers of cyclic ethers, (3) a base treatment, typically with a slurry of calcium hydroxide, to neutralize and precipitate the residual acid present, and (4) drying and filtration of the polymer to remove the residual water and solids.
It is well known that the polytrimethylene ether glycol produced from the acid catalyzed polycondensation of 1,3-propanediol has quality problems, in particular the color is not acceptable to the industry. The polymer quality is in general dependent on the quality of the raw material, PDO. Besides the raw material, the polymerization process conditions and stability of the polymer are also responsible for discoloration to some extent. Particularly in the case of polytrimethylene ether glycol, the polyether diols tend to have light color, a property that is undesirable in many end-uses. The polytrimethylene ether glycols are easily discolored by contact with oxygen or air, particularly at elevated temperatures, so the polymerization is effected under a nitrogen atmosphere and the polyether diols are stored in the presence of inert gas. As an additional precaution, a small concentration of a suitable antioxidant is added. Preferred is butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 2.6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol) at a concentration of about 100-500 microg/g (micrograms/gram) polyether.
that was light yellow in color, in fact, this procedure yielded polytrimethylene ether glycol (Example XI therein) for which the color was only reduced to an 8 Gardner color, a quality corresponding to an APHA value of >300 and totally inadequate for current requirements.
Mason in US Patent 3,326,985 discloses a procedure for the preparation of polytrimethylene ether glycol of molecular weights in the range of 1200-1400 possessing improved color by vacuum stripping, under nitrogen, polytrimethylene ether glycol of lower molecular weight. The color levels, however, are not quantified and would not have approached the above requirement.
Disclosed is a process comprising contacting PO3G having color with adsorbent and separating the PO3G and adsorbent, wherein the PO3G, after contact with the adsorbent, has a molecular weight of about 250 to about 5000 and a APHA color of less than about 50.
Trademarks are shown in upper case.
Further, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as either a range, preferred range or a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed.
In using the term "adsorbent", reference is made to materials that commonly are used to remove relatively small amounts of undesired components, whether such removal is by the process of adsorption or absorption, since many decolorization processes involve both mechanisms.
By the terms "color" and "color bodies" are meant the existence of visible color that can be quantified by the use of a spectrocolorimeter in the range of visible light, using wavelengths of approximately 400 - 800 nm, and by comparison with pure water. Color precursors in PDO are not visible in this range, but contribute color after polymerization.
The PO3G made from the PDO of the present invention can be PO3G homo- or co-polymer. For example, the PDO can be polymerized with other diols (below) to make co-polymer. The PDO copolymers useful in the present invention can contain up to 50% by weight (preferably 20% by weight or less) of comonomer diols in addition to the 1,3-propanediol and/or its oligomers. Comonomer diols that are suitable for use in the process include aliphatic diols, for example, ethylenediol, 1,6-hexanedipl, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluro-l ,5-pentanediol, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1,6-hexanediol, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10-hexadecafluoro-1,12-dodecanediol, cycloaliphatic diols, for example, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and isosorbide, polyhydroxy compounds, for example, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol. A preferred group of comonomer diol is selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol, isosorbide, and mixtures thereof. Thermal stabilizers, antioxidants and coloring materials may be added to the polymerization mixture or to the final polymer if necessary.
about 20. APHA color values are a measure of coloi ;; defined in ASTM-D-1209 (see Test Method 1, below).
The molecular weight of the PO3G is about 250 to about 5000. More preferably, the molecular weight is about 500 to about 4000. Most preferably, the molecular weigh is about 1000 to about 3000.
In accordance with another aspect of the pra onf invention, the adsorbent comprises-at least one of activated carbon, alumina, silica, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite clays, Fuller's earth, kaolin minerals and derivatives thereof. Preferably, the adsorbent comprises activated carbon. Herein the term "activated carbon" includes "charcoal".
The contacting of the PO3G with absorbent: ;rried out at a temperature such that the polymer is liquid and has viscosity low enough to permit mixing and stirring. The mixing and stirrin m be carried out at temperatures of about 10 - 150°C, preferably, about 25 - 100°C. The contacting is conducted for a period of about 5 to a!nt 60 min., and preferably about 10 to about 30 min. Preferably contacting the PO3G with the absorbent and the subsequent filtration are completed under an inert nitrogen atmosphere.
onto a 1-micrometer Whatman filter paper, supported on a 250-mL fritted glass funnel, equipped with means to heat the filter. Other filter media may be used and will be well known to those skilled in the art, the requirements being a fineness of filter sufficient to retain the charcoal and inert to the glycol.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the polytrimethylene ether glycol has a APHA color, before contact with adsorbent, of at least 50 APHA. The color, before contact with adsorbent, can be about 70 to about 300. The APHA color, before contact with the absorbent, can also be about 85-250 APHA, or about 100-200 APHA.
A batch process may be used wherein the adsorbent is effectively contacted by mixing with the polyol and, after a period of time, separating the polyol from the adsorbent by suitable means, for example, by filtration, centrifugation, etc. The process of the invention may also be conducted in a continuous or semi-continuous fashion. For example, the polyol may be pumped from a storage tank through a fixed bed of the adsorbent. The feed rate is adjusted for the kind, amount, and prior use of adsorbent in the bed and the color level of the feedstock so that the contact time of the polyol with the adsorbent is sufficiently long to give an effluent with the desired color reduction. The effluent may be kept in a holding tank for a short time, or used or shipped immediately. Other variations will be recognized by those skilled in the art.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, the APHA color of the polytrimethylene ether glycol is reduced by at least about 50%. Preferably, the APHA color of the polytrimethylene ether glycol is reduced by at least about 60%, more preferably, by at least about 70%.
The process of the present invention may be used for the decolorization of polytrimethylene ether glycol prepared by polymerization of PDO prepared from petrochemical sources, such as the process using acrolien, and also to the polyol prepared by polymerization of PDO prepared by biochemical routes.
The activated carbon treatment can be performed either for the final polymer or it can be performed just prior to the filtration step of the purification process. The preferred way is to add the activated carbon to PO3G polymer just prior to final filtration and store the filtered polymer in the presence of an antioxidant such as BHT.
Many sources and forms of carbon used appear to be effective. The activated carbon is available from many sources in different forms such as powder, granular, and shaped products. The preferred form is powdered activated carbon.
Various brands of carbon may be used, including, but not limited to, Norit America 660, NORIT RO 0.8, Calgon PWA, BL, and WPH, and Ceca ACT1CARBONE ENO. Other forms will be well known to those skilled in the art.
wherein the color of the PO3G, after contact with the adsorbent, has a APHA color of less than about 50. The APHA color is, preferably less than about 40, more preferably less than 30 and most preferably less than about 20. Preferably, the adsorbent comprises activated carbon, the PO3G is contacted with about 0.1 to about 5 weight % of the activated carbon based on the weight of the polytrimethylene ether glycol, and the contacting is conducted at a temperature of about 10° to about 150°C.
0.25 % to about 5 % adsorbent, more preferably about 1% to about 3% adsorbent.
MATERIALS. EQUIPMENT, and TEST METHODS The PO3G polymer prepared from1,3-propanediol is either from DuPont or from a commercially available source. Activated carbons (DARCO, CALGON, and CECA) and BHT are from Aldrich Chemicals (Milwaukee Wl). CELPURE products are from Advanced Minerals (Santa Barbara, CA). These products were used not only to remove color bodies from the polymer but also as filter aid.
Test Method 1. Color Measurement and APHA Values.
A Hunterlab. ColorQuest Spectrocolorimeter [Reston, VA] was used to measure the polymer color before and after solid adsorbent treatment. Color numbers of the polymer are measured as APHA values (Platinum-Cobalt System) according to ASTM D-1209. The polymer molecular weights are calculated from their hydroxyl numbers obtained from titration method.
The following examples are presented to demonstrate the invention, but are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1. Preparation of PO3G.
A 250-mL fritted glass funnel was securely assembled. CELPURE C65 (4.4 g, 1.2 kg/m2) was packed firmly on 1-micron size Whatman filter paper that was placed on the frit. A heating tape was wrapped around the funnel to provide heat to the polymer during filtration process. PO3G (80 g, MW = 2400) was placed in a 250-mL round bottom flask. Activated charcoal (0.008g, 0.01 wt%, DARCO G60) was added to the polymer. A magnetic stir was added to the polymer that was then stirred on a stirrer for 10 minutes under nitrogen at room temperature. Then the polymer .was filtered through the fritted glass funnel with the aid of house vacuum under a nitrogen blanket. The temperature was set at between 60°C - 70°C by adjusting the temperature controller (VARIAC). The final polymer was measured for color on a Hunterlab ColorQuest Spectrocolorimeter. BHT (200 micrograms/g polymer) was added to the polymer as soon as finished. A control measurement on a sample for which the charcoal was omitted was made. The results are shown in Table 1.
The procedure of Example 2 was repeated using various amounts of DARCO G60 activated charcoal. The PO3G molecular weight was 2170. Results are also shown in Table 1.
The data in Table 1 show activated charcoal removed color impurities in PO3G polymer and the color decreased with increase in amount of charcoal from 0.01 to 0.25 wt% based on polymer.
The procedure of Example 5 was replicated to determine the reproducibility of the process. The PO3G polymer used in these examples has a molecular weight of 2449, color of 145 APHA, and contains 200 micrograms BHT/g polymer. The results are shown in Table 2.
The data in Table 2 show the reproducibility of the color reduction with charcoal is approximately ± 3 APHA units, comparable to the replicated reproducibility of measurements on a single sample.
The procedure of Example 5 was repeated using 2.5 kg PO3G (MW=2170; Color = 126 APHA) and 62.5 g Darco G-60 activated charcoal in a 3-L filtration unit. During filtration process, polymer was collected at different times, the color was measured for each fraction, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Example 5 was repeated using higher amounts of carbon using PO3G polymer having 2212 molecular weight and color of 70 APHA.
Example 5 was repeated with the crude polymer rather than purified polymer. The crude polymer has color of 134 APHA. This polymer was hydrolyzed, neutralized with excess of calcium hydroxide and dried. A 0.25 wt% activated carbon was added to the dried PO3G polymer containing residual base and salts and filtered as described above. The filtered PO3G color was measured and found to be 80 APHA, indicating the activated carbon can be added just prior to final filtration step of the purification process.
Several different grades and forms of activated charcoal were used at a fixed amount (2 wt %) to treat PO3G polymer (MW, 2070 and color, 92 APHA) and the results are reported in Table 5.
The data in Table 5 indicate all of the powdered carbon samples effectively reduced the P03G polymer color from 92 to 48-61 APHA.
1.	A process for removal of color bodies from polytriethyl glycol having color with adsorbent selected from at least one of activated carbon, alumina, silica, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite clays, Fuller's earth, kaolin minerals and derivatives thereof and separating polytriethyl glycol and adsorbent wherein said process is carried at a temperature of about 10 to 150 °C for about 5-60 minutes, wherein the P03G, after contact with the adsorbent, has a molecular weight of about 250 to about 5000 and a APHA color of less than about 50.
2.	The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contacting is conducted at a temperature of about 10° to about 150°C.
3.	The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the P03G has a APHA color, before contact with the adsorbent, of at least 50.
4.	The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the APHA color is reduced by at least about 50%.
5.	A product produced by a process as claimed in any preceding claim having the APHA color of less than about 50.
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Traralgon Veterinary Centre provides onsite consultations & examinations for cattle.
Please call the clinic on 5174 1656 to make an appointment or pricing enquiry.
Our veterinarians are trained and equipped to assist calving cows.
Our veterinarians are equipped to treat lameness in a variety of large animal species, including cattle.
Traralgon Veterinary Centre can assist you with mastitis investigations both during lactation and during the dry periods for your dairy herd.
Traralgon Veterinary Centre provides pathology services for routine monitoring and diagnostic work up.


The City of Joensuu will host the international Winter Cycling Congress 2020. This year, the Winter Cycling Congress was held in Calgary, Canada on February 6–8, 2019 and the event gathered three hundred developers of year-round cycling together. The first Winter Cycling Congress was hosted in Oulu in 2013. After Oulu, the event has been held in Winnipeg (2014), Leeuwarden (2015), Minneapolis (2016), Montreal (2017) and Moscow (2018).
- We are extremely flattered to have Joensuu selected as a host city. In our conference, we wish to highlight that here in the North, year-round cycling is an everyday thing for people of all ages. We are also pleased to show what Joensuu has done to promote cycling, states Markku Pyykkönen, the event manager of the City of Joensuu.
The Winter Cycling Congress gathers advocates and specialists of cycling together for an international event. The main theme of the congress is to develop winter cycling conditions, reinforce the role of winter cycling as an everyday form of physical activity and to share the best practices around the world. The programme has often comprised lectures, workshops and cycling trips around the city, among other things. The event is organised by the international Winter Cycling Federation.
- Joensuu has worked patiently and systematically to promote year-round cycling. In recent years, the congress has visited cities where year-round cycling is not very common. Therefore it is important at times to get a chance to offer our community a congress location where year-round cycling is a common everyday thing, says Timo Perälä, the President of the international Winter Cycling Federation.
The date of the Winter Cycling Congress will be confirmed in the next few months, and the promoting team for walking and cycling of the City of Joensuu will be in charge of directing the event.


Starting January 1, 2013, Washington Ignition Interlock Devices will start taking pictures once the device is used. The new feature is intended to prevent those drivers who attempt to circumvent the purpose of the device by having someone else blow into it. The Washington State Patrol believe that drivers routinely have other people blow into the device.
An Ignition Interlock Device is a piece of equipment that prevents a car from starting unless a breath sample is taken and tests negative for alcohol. It is court ordered after a DUI conviction or ordered by the Department of Licensing even if the person was never convicted of a DUI, but has been determined to have been driving while intoxicated pursuant to a DUI traffic stop. An ignition interlock device is also a way for a driver to continue driving while their license has been suspended for a DUI, so long as they obtain an Ignition Interlock License.
Tampering with an Ignition interlock device is a gross misdemeanor in the state of Washington.
Requirements for an Ignition Interlock License are found here.


The goal of the Volunteers of America has always been to meet the needs of the communities in which they serve, but now it's going high tech in its rural health outreach.
With a brand new mobile rural health outreach van, veterans who have a hard time reaching their doctor's appointments can meet with a registered nurse for screenings or health information, but if need be, they can also meet with their doctor via satellite.
The van comes equipped with a soundproof room where a patient can discuss their health issues in private with their physician, and with high definition technology, the video quality of the visit is crystal clear. It makes it easier for physicians to examine their patients for things such as dermatology issues where the physician can clearly see the problem area.
Through this mobile unit, veterans who may not have had easy access to the Overton Brooks VA hospital may be able to use the services offered without having to go to the hospital.
Cori Harrington, RN, will be able to provide veterans with patient education, health assessments and some medical services like screenings for diabetes, blood pressure, body mass index and smoking cessation as well as medication management.
An estimated 440,000 veterans are served in the Overton Brooks VA Hospital area.
Suzie Moseley, case manager for north and central Louisiana says they deal with a lot of veterans seeking mental health services.
Many veterans come home from overseas suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder and many times, she says, there are other issues connected to that such as substance abuse. Suicide rates are higher among veterans than any other demographic, she says.
VOA, a nationwide organization founded in 1896 in New York City, offers an array of services for veterans regarding their health care, housing, job retention and others.
Another service offered is Veterans Treatment Court, where veterans diagnosed with substance abuse and accused of nonviolent crimes to work out their sentence through treatment, counseling and community service while being monitored by the court.
To clarify, Jowell says, all these services are available to both peacetime and combat veterans. Moseley says as long as they have their DD214 and have separated from the armed forces with anything other than a dishonorable discharge, then they are eligible for services.
When VOA was originally formed, they offered a shelter for women and children and offered adoption services until the 1990s, says Jowell. VOA reached north Louisiana in 1935.
Veterans' services began in 2010.
For more information, or if you are a veteran and wish to make an appointment at the United Way Center, email Moseley at suzie.moseley@voanorthla.org or call 1-800-222-3196. For more information about the services offered, visit their website at www.voanorthla.org. Their office is located at 360 Jordan St., in Shreveport.


Vector Rap Dialogue. Rap Dialogue EP is a studio album by Nigerian rap act called Vector, which was released through G.R.A.P Music on October 10, 2018.
While he is preparing the release of his forthcoming #TESLIM album, the rapper has decided to drop a 5-track EP for his fans.
The Rap Dialogue EP cover songs on Hip-Hop classic beats, sharing his state of mind on each track. In a cut mixed and mastered by Oga Jojo, the project features El Rigo.


text:
London Thursday March 30, 2017
Theresa May triggers tortuous Brexit
Prime Minister Theresa May has formally begun Britain's divorce from the European Union, declaring there is no turning back and ushering in a tortuous exit process that will test the bloc's cohesion and pitch her country into the unknown.
A European Union flag during a demonstration against Brexit outside the Houses of Parliament in London this week. Photo: EPA/Andy Rain
Thursday March 30, 2017 Comments
In one of the most significant steps by a British leader since World War Two, May notified EU Council President Donald Tusk in a hand-delivered letter on Wednesday that Britain would quit the club it joined in 1973.
"The United Kingdom is leaving the European Union," May told parliament nine months after Britain shocked investors and world leaders by unexpectedly voting to quit the bloc. "This is an historic moment from which there can be no turning back."
The prime minister, an initial opponent of Brexit who won the top job in the political turmoil that followed the referendum vote, now has two years to negotiate the terms of the divorce before it comes into effect in late March 2019.
The 60-year-old has one of the toughest jobs of any recent British prime minister: holding Britain together in the face of renewed Scottish independence demands, while conducting arduous talks with 27 other EU states on finance, trade, security and other complex issues.
The outcome of the negotiations will shape the future of Britain's $US2.6 ($A3.4) trillion economy, the world's fifth biggest, and determine whether London can keep its place as one of the top two global financial centres.
For the EU the loss of Britain is the biggest blow yet to 60 years of efforts to forge European unity in the wake of two world wars.
Its leaders say they don't want to punish Britain. But with nationalist, anti-EU parties on the rise across Europe, they cannot afford to give London generous terms that might encourage other member states to break away.
May's notice of the UK's intention to leave the bloc under Article 50 of the EU's Lisbon Treaty was hand-delivered to Tusk in Brussels by Tim Barrow, Britain's permanent representative to the EU, on the top floor of the new Europa Building in Brussels.
That moment formally set the clock ticking on Britain's two-year exit process. Sterling, which has lost 25 cents against the US dollar since the June 23 referendum, jumped to $US1.25.
May signed the six-page Brexit letter on Tuesday night, pictured alone at the cabinet table beneath a clock, a British flag and an oil painting of Britain's first prime minister, Robert Walpole.
Her letter sought to set a positive tone for the talks though it admitted that the task of extracting the UK from the EU was momentous and that reaching comprehensive agreements within two years would be a challenge.
May wants to negotiate Britain's divorce and the future trading relationship with the EU within the two-year period, though EU officials say that will be hard.
"We believe it is necessary to agree the terms of our future partnership alongside those of our withdrawal from the EU," May told Tusk in her letter, adding that London wanted an ambitious free trade agreement with the EU.
"If, however, we leave the European Union without an agreement the default position is that we would have to trade on World Trade Organisation terms," she said.
May's most powerful European interlocutor, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, promised to take a "fair and constructive" approach to Brexit talks, but said Britain could negotiate its new relationship only after it untangles existing EU commitments.
– Reuters
David Washington Friday, July 19
Tom Richardson Friday, July 19
Stephanie Richards Friday, July 19
Angela Skujins Friday, July 19


Opened the meeting and established a quorum present. Selectmen present: Neil Davis, Nelson Grindal, Ben Astbury. Also present: Robert Jones, Road Commissioner Paul Carter, CEO Duane Ford, Treasurer Cindy Reilly, Assistant Barbara Grindle.
Read and approved the minutes of the last meeting.
Reviewed and signed the treasurer's warrant for $65,392.62. School expenses were $58,573.03, veterans grave payments ($10 maintenance per veteran's grave) $2,550, and $450 for sludge payments.
OLD BUSINESS: Voted 3-0 to appoint Barbara Grindle second alternate to the Planning Board.
Road Commissioner Carter was in to discuss tarring. The price is down from $81.60 per ton to $74.50 per ton. He also discussed the road account and the shortage in the road budget. Board will discuss returning the road budget account to last years level of $40,000 instead of the $20,000 approved at town meeting. Selectmen voted 3-0 to hold a special town meeting to take the extra out of surplus and add it to the road account.
Davis requested the selectmen to meet with the Public Access Committee on June 1 at 4 pm. Also voted 3-0 to have Grindal draft an agreement regarding the Mill Pond access. It was approved for him to consult the town attorney to draft the agreement if necessary.
Voted to hire Kim Allen to mow the town office and town house lawns this summer.
Voted to ask Basil Bowden to make a picnic table for the Carter Point access.
No work seems to have been started on the landfill site. CEO to contact Arthur Billings and Astbury to contact Peter Clapp.
NEW BUSINESS: Signed the letter accepting the SHIP grant monies for the town dock.
Voted 3-0 to adopt the template for the cyber policy.
Also voted to have all town ordinances put on the website.
CEO REPORT: Keeping an eye on several projects. State revision of shoreland zoning ordinance seems to be putting more responsibility on the towns, especially in dealing with tree cutting.
ADJOURN: Moved, seconded and voted 3-0 to adjourn at 7:30 pm.