text:
29 Summer Books To Get Excited About
A love triangle involving a student, her professor, and her mother; a poetic meditation on the Chicago race riots of 1919; a fable of a girl born with a torso twisted into a knot — and much more.
By Arianna Rebolini
Arianna Rebolini BuzzFeed News Reporter
Posted on June 4, 2019, at 5:11 p.m. ET
Ben Kothe / BuzzFeed News; Getty Images
1. In West Mills by De'Shawn Charles Winslow (Bloomsbury, June 4)
Bloomsbury, Julie R. Keresztes
It's impossible not to fall in love with Azalea "Knot" Centre, the star of In West Mills, whom we meet as a hotheaded 27-year-old bachelorette in North Carolina in 1941. Her boyfriend keeps proposing, and her well-meaning neighbor Otis Lee begs her to accept, but Knot is more interested in working, drinking, and enjoying her own company. Knot's sense of independence and identity is rattled, though, when a hookup leads to a baby she doesn't want — and the aftermath resonates for decades. In West Mills follows Knot, Otis Lee, their families, friends, and neighbors, from 1941 to 1987, exploring the bonds of friendship, the weight of secrets, and all the sacrifices we make in our attempts to live a self-determined life.
Get it from Amazon for $17.10, from Barnes & Noble for $18.20, or find it at an independent bookstore or your local library.
2. Hollow Kingdom by Kira Jane Buxton (Grand Central Publishing, Aug. 6)
Grand Central, Laura Zimmerman
Oh man, I love this book — so utterly crass, surprisingly tender, laugh-out-loud funny, and deliciously strange. It's a climate change cautionary tale in the form of a zombie story, narrated by a domesticated pet crow who's learned to speak English and who you'll wish were your best friend. S.T. — short for Shit Turd, which will give you a sense of his general vocabulary and demeanor — is an outcast within the animal kingdom, favoring mankind and its culture, which he's gleaned from his antisocial, quasi-deadbeat owner, Big Jim. When Big Jim suddenly starts acting strange (his eye falls out and he doesn't seem bothered; he won't stop scratching at the walls), S.T. realizes it's up to him to save not only Big Jim but also humanity as a whole — and to convince the rest of the natural world that they're worth saving. It's a joy to read.
3. A Pure Heart by Rajia Hassib (Viking, Aug. 6)
Viking, The Oberports
A Pure Heart tells the story of sisters Rose and Gameela Gubran, the former an Egyptologist living in New York City with her white journalist husband, the latter a devout Muslim living with their parents in Cairo — that is, until she's killed in a suicide bombing. As Rose travels to Egypt and then back, she finds herself reckoning with the loss in surprising ways — desperate to settle unanswered questions Gameela left behind, unable to quiet the nagging belief that Gameela's death was partially her husband's fault, and torn between her life in the US and her heritage in Egypt. It's a profound and deeply affecting examination of fate and free will, family and identity, sin and redemption, and the unique bond between sisters.
4. The World Doesn't Require You by Rion Amilcar Scott (Liveright, Aug. 20)
Liveright, Rebecca Aranda
The stories in The World Doesn't Require You all take place in the fictional town of Cross River, Maryland, built by the leaders of the country's only successful slave revolt. Each story follows different enchanting residents: a struggling musician who is also the last son of God, a PhD candidate whose dissertation unwittingly sparks chaos, a robot. As a whole, the collection weaves incisive criticism, dark humor, and magical realism in unexpected and arresting explorations of belief, love, justice, and violence.
Get it from Amazon or Barnes & Noble for $25.95, or find it at an independent bookstore or your local library.
5. The History of Living Forever by Jake Wolff (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, June 11)
Farrar, Straus & Giroux, Jacek Gancarz
Jake Wolff's debut is ambitious and bountiful, centered on the universal human yearning for eternal life. Wolff explores this desire through 16-year-old Conrad, who finds out on the first day of his senior year that Sammy, his chemistry teacher and secret lover, has died of what appears to be suicide. When he finds that Sammy has left him his journals, Conrad realizes that Sammy had been testing an immortality elixir on himself for years — and Conrad decides to pick up where he left off. Fittingly, the story is larger than life, and Wolff connects Conrad's journey with historical asides about others' attempts at solving the problem of death. He weaves in the past through Sammy's journal entries and projects into Conrad's future, all the while exploring the often desperate emotions underlying our search for everlasting life — hope, love, and grief.
6. Magic for Liars by Sarah Gailey (Tor Books, June 4)
Tor Books, Allan Amato
Sarah Gailey's dark and fantastical Magic for Liars follows private investigator and resigned loner Ivy Gamble as she's brought to the hidden Osthorne Academy for Young Mages (her estranged sister's alma mater and current employer) to look into a grisly murder. Ivy is reluctant to take the case — she's a confident PI but doesn't like being out of her comfort zone, and being surrounded by magicians digs up deep insecurities — but once she arrives on campus, there's too much evidence to ignore. Gailey expertly teases details of the case, keeping you speeding through the pages, but never sacrifices the depth of their characters or their relationships. It's an eerie and highly entertaining magical mystery.
7. Savage Appetites: Four True Stories of Women, Crime and Obsession by Rachel Monroe (Scribner, Aug. 20)
Scribner, Emma Rogers
In Savage Appetites, Rachel Monroe probes our cultural fixation on violent true crime and why it's so often women who are drawn to it. Through the stories of four real women whose lives became enmeshed in murder, Monroe identifies four archetypes of the true crime obsessive — the detective, the victim, the defender, and the killer — and delves into the machinations driving each, seamlessly weaving together biography, cultural analysis, and personal narrative. It's an illuminating exploration rooted in a convincing thesis, and even the most dedicated true crime reader will find something new within it to enjoy.
Get it from Amazon or Barnes & Noble for $26, or find it at an independent bookstore or your local library.
8. 1919 by Eve L. Ewing (Haymarket Books, June 11)
Haymarket Books, Nolis Anderson
The "Red Summer" of 1919 saw brutal race riots in cities across the US; the most devastating was in Chicago, lasting eight days and resulting in 38 deaths and nearly 500 injuries. In her second poetry collection, Eve Ewing grapples with this violent moment in history, drawing from a 1922 report by six white men and six black men meant to analyze the event, and expanding this examination through her own keen insight and evocative imagination. Ewing blends past, present, and future, imagining the stories of those who lived through the riot and beyond, and inquiring into its lasting consequences.
Get it from Amazon for $11, from Barnes & Noble for $11.40, or find it at an independent bookstore or your local library.
9. Going Dutch by James Gregor (Simon & Schuster, Aug. 20)
Simon & Schuster, Courtesy of Simon & Schuster
PhD candidate Richard is burned out at 29 years old: He can't get himself to care about his thesis and is at risk of losing his funding; he's disillusioned by the New York City dating scene, though it seems everyone around him is coupling up; he suspects he's becoming old and irrelevant. When Anne, an academic ally with a crush, offers some help, their relationship turns romantic — which is complicated for Richard, since he's gay and finding that a bad first date with a charming lawyer named Blake might be evolving into something serious. Going Dutch is a sharp, endearing update of the love-triangle rom-com, and James Gregor's depiction of millennial New York is masterful. It's an exciting debut and will leave you eager for more.
Get it from Amazon or Barnes & Noble for $26.99, or find it an independent bookstore or your local library.
10. The Yellow House by Sarah M. Broom (Grove Atlantic, Aug. 13)
Grove Atlantic, Adam Shemper
Sarah M. Broom's expansive memoir whisks you away to early-20th-century Louisiana and then traces Broom's lineage to the modern day through the lens of the house her mother bought and built up in 1961 in the up-and-coming neighborhood called New Orleans East. It's an exploration of physical space and the ways in which our environment can both reflect and act upon us; Broom's mother raises 12 children in that home, and after her husband dies, it slowly deteriorates. Broom's prose flows so easily it's almost meditative — you'll look up from the book after what feels like five minutes and realize you've been reading for an hour. And as much as this book is about Broom's family, it is also about New Orleans East — its history and culture, its racial tensions, its devastating destruction, and the resounding effects of its abandonment post-Katrina.
11. Very Nice by Marcy Dermansky (Knopf, July 2)
Knopf, Michael Lionstar
With her fourth novel, Very Nice, the always exciting writer Marcy Dermansky set out to write a "literary soap opera." She succeeded exquisitely. Through multiple points of view, Dermansky creates a messy, sexy, super-fun drama that unravels over one summer. It begins with Rachel, the angsty college student who sleeps with her creative writing professor, Zahid — a young and depressive writer grappling with fame following his critically acclaimed novel — and then agrees to watch his pet poodle while he travels to Pakistan. But when Zahid's trip is cut short, he arrives at Rachel's extravagant childhood Connecticut home and quickly falls for her recently divorced mother, all the while ignoring Rachel's advances. Rounding out the complicated web is Khloe — who is subletting Zahid's Brooklyn apartment and happens to be the protégé of Jonathan, Rachel's dad — and her twin sister, Kristi, Zahid's best friend, who might be in love with him. It sounds thornier than it reads; in Dermansky's able hands, the narrative flows smoothly. It's also impossible to put down.
[ Read: On the Joys of Writing "Bad" Women ]
12. Speaking of Summer by Kalisha Buckhanon (Counterpoint Press, July 30)
Counterpoint Press, DeJohn Barnes
Speaking of Summer begins with a burst of wild energy; the narrator, Autumn Spencer, speaks directly to us, recalling a frantic sprint through Harlem, explaining, "My sister is gone, hardly forgotten. Whatever came for her is coming for me, too." That mysterious urgency is what drives this complex and suspenseful novel, which follows 34-year-old Autumn as she sacrifices her professional and personal lives — as well as her emotional and psychological well-being — in the pursuit of her missing sister, Summer. The story unravels in Autumn's mind, reading at times like a stream of consciousness with flashbacks woven throughout, and culminates in a powerful story of discovery — on the surface, a search for Autumn's sister, but ultimately an excavation of herself.
13. The Nickel Boys by Colson Whitehead (Doubleday, July 16)
Doubleday, Madeline Whitehead
In the magnificent The Nickel Boys, Colson Whitehead once again draws inspiration from true atrocities of America's past, this time creating a fictional account of a real-life Florida reform school for boys that was infamous for torturing and killing its poor black students — and burying their bodies — in the 1960s. Whitehead builds his story around Elwood Curtis, an ambitious, socially conscious, law-abiding teenager in Tallahassee who gets into the wrong car on his first day of elective community college classes and winds up arrested for auto theft. His sentence is enrollment at the Nickel Academy — which, despite its solid reputation, turns out to be built on cruelty, racism, and corruption. As Curtis discovers that his good behavior and best intentions won't be enough to keep him safe, his worldview shifts, and survival becomes more of a strategy. Whitehead's prose is meticulous; he nimbly shifts between the 1960s and present day, creating a fully fleshed-out picture of violence and (in)justice.
[ Read: 14 Facts You Probably Didn't Know About Colson Whitehead ]
14. The Tenth Muse by Catherine Chung (Ecco, June 18)
Ecco, David Noles
Catherine Chung, a former math major at the University of Chicago, leans on her own real-life aptitude for math in her sophomore novel about a talented mathematician named Katherine whose attempt to solve the Riemann hypothesis uncovers secrets about her family's past. Nearing the end of her life, Katherine looks back at all she's been through, beginning as one of the few female graduate students at MIT in the 1960s, meeting and befriending some of the world's greatest scientific minds, but never being able to shed her role as an outsider amid the boys club. Woven throughout her professional research, though, are Katherine's inquiries into her own history as she discovers that her parents might not be who they seem to be. It's an interrogation of truth and its value — of secrets, sacrifice, and identity.
15. Mostly Dead Things by Kristen Arnett (Tin House, June 4)
Maria Jones
When Jessa Morton finds her father dead by suicide right in the middle of his taxidermy shop, the responsibility of the family business falls on her while the rest of her family falls apart. Her mother can't stop sneaking into the shop and putting the stuffed animals into compromising positions; her brother goes silent; her sister-in-law (whom Jessa happens to be in love with) walks out. As Jessa struggles to keep her family afloat, she realizes she must come to terms with who these people are — and how they've made her who she is, too. It's a poignant, hilarious, and often macabre examination of grief, and it revels in the (deeply relatable) messiness of intimate, loving, but complicated family bonds.
16. The Book of X by Sarah Rose Etter (Two Dollar Radio, July 16)
Two Dollar Radio, Natalie Graf
Sarah Rose Etter's The Book of X is dizzying and grotesque — and I say that with the utmost love. It's an astute exploration of humanity and the body — specifically the female body — through the lens of young Cassie, who continues in a long line of women born with their torsos twisted into a knot. Cassie hates her knot profoundly; it becomes the focal point of her loneliness, insecurity, and pain both physical and existential — all of which is compounded after she experiences a traumatic assault. In The Book of X, Etter has built an eerie, surreal world — the Earth is literally built of flesh; Cassie's father makes a living reaping tender cuts from the "meat quarry" — and she seduces you into it with dreamy lyricism. You won't want to leave.
17. A Sand Book by Ariana Reines (Tin House, June 18)
Tin House, Courtesy of Tin House
Ariana Reines' fourth book is a tome — an expansive journey through nature and humanity, culture and creation, history and modernity. These poems, divided into 12 parts, touch upon Hurricane Sandy, politics, Twitter, tabloids, and more, with a thread of ironic restlessness throughout. In "Mistral," Reines writes, "Haven't you traveled enough?" The 350-plus pages that follow seem to answer no, and the verses within them grapple with our ability to yearn and desire despite our disillusionment, to be moved in spite of our cynicism.
18. On Earth We're Briefly Gorgeous by Ocean Vuong (Penguin Press, June 4)
Penguin Press, Tom Hines
Poet Ocean Vuong's debut novel is written as a letter from Little Dog, a man in his late twenties, to his mother, who can't read. The evocative letter unravels into their family's past, beginning in Vietnam before Little Dog's birth and continuing into the US. Through this history, the son is able to welcome his mother into parts of his life he's never shared, contemplating issues of race, class, masculinity, and trauma.
[ Read: "Trevor" by Ocean Vuong ]
19. Fleishman Is in Trouble by Taffy Brodesser-Akner (Random House, June 18)
Random House, Taffy Brodesser-Akner
Taffy Brodesser-Akner's debut novel is a fast-paced, bighearted romp centered on 41-year-old Toby Fleishman, a recently divorced father and doctor who's pleasantly surprised to find that in the New York City dating scene, he's suddenly irresistible. Toby's adventures in endless sex are narrated (hilariously) by his old friend Libby Slater, a New Jersey–based journalist turned stay-at-home mom who finds herself dissatisfied with her own domestic situation. Fleishman Is In Trouble reads so smoothly, you'll want to speed right through, but it's in your best interest to slow down — lest you miss any of the quick barbs or droll asides that make this book so utterly delectable.
20. Patsy by Nicole Dennis-Benn (Liveright, June 4)
Jason Berger
Following her devastating debut novel, Here Comes the Sun, Nicole Dennis-Benn returns to familiar themes of strained mother-daughter relationships, class, and sexuality in Patsy. Her sophomore book is meaty and consequential, following single Jamaican mother Patsy in her attempt to secure a visa for a new life in the US. Her journey begins in 1998, when she gets a tourist visa with the caveat that she must leave her 5-year-old daughter, Tru, behind. But she keeps her dream of a better life in New York at the forefront of her mind — a better financial future for Tru, and a better romantic life for herself; she nurses hope of rekindling a romance with her childhood best friend (and current Brooklyn resident), Cicely. But reality, as it tends to do, gets in the way of these dreams, and in dual perspectives, Dennis-Benn shows us how both Patsy and Tru survive the aftermath of Patsy's world-shattering decision in the years that follow.
[ Read: "The Burden of Being a First-Generation Immigrant" by Nicole Dennis-Benn ]
21. City of Girls by Elizabeth Gilbert (Riverhead, June 4)
Riverhead, Bryan Bedder / Getty Images
Elizabeth Gilbert's City of Girls takes the reader back to 1940s New York City through the perspective of 89-year-old Vivian Morris, who reminisces about her wild time in the theater. Her story is rich with memorable characters — the eccentric aunt she moves in with who owns her own theater, albeit one in major disrepair; the larger-than-life leading lady; the chorus of showgirls; the alluring leading man — and a vibrant setting. All of it comes tumbling down when Vivian finds herself involved in a sexual scandal. Gilbert's expert world building, flawless dialogue, and attention to detail place you right in the middle of the action.
Get it from Amazon for $18.30, from Barnes & Noble for $19.60, or find it an independent bookstore or your local library.
22. Mamaskatch: A Cree Coming of Age by Darrel J. McLeod (Milkweed Editions, June 11)
Milkweed Editions, Ilja Herb
Darrel J. McLeod's memoir is quietly affecting and full of heart (the title, Mamaskatch, is a Cree word meaning, "It's a wonder!") and recounts his upbringing in Treaty Eight Cree territory in Northern Alberta. The narrative is told and retold in cycles, touching upon heartbreaking elements of alcoholism, poverty, and domestic abuse and dipping into stories of McLeod's mother as well — the trials she lived through and hopes to protect her children from. Through these fragmented stories, we see McLeod navigating conflicting desires within his sexual, spiritual, and native identities, and ultimately thriving.
23. Everything Inside by Edwidge Danticat (Knopf, Aug. 27)
Knopf, Carl Juste
Right at the tail end of the summer, fiction master Edwidge Danticat sneaks in an astounding short-story collection. The eight stories hover around Haiti and those who've left it, delving into the lasting effects of migration and displacement on families and individuals, and written with the kind of emotional precision that leaves you gasping. We meet a young woman whose first and last encounter with her father is at his deathbed, a hardworking nurse who dips into her savings to help her ex-husband's new wife, a mother fighting dementia long enough to dispense wisdom to her daughter — a whole cast of characters who feel absolutely real: so striking in their ordinariness, so complex in their humanity.
MCDxFSG, Ecco
Kathryn Scanlan's Aug 9 — Fog (MCDxFSG, June 4) is something between fiction and nonfiction, a loose narrative created out of fragments of a found journal. It's a super-fast read — as in, you can read it in less than a half hour — but it's worth revisiting. Like life itself, it's full of the kind of mundane beauty that's so easy to miss. Nell Zink's Doxology (Ecco, Aug. 27) is sharp, empathetic, and at once critical and hopeful, following an oddball trio from their beginnings as a terrible punk band in the 1990s Lower East Side through their coming of age into a post–9/11 New York City and world beyond.
Berkley / Atria
Uzma Jalaluddin's Ayesha at Last (Berkley, June 4) is a modern, Muslim retelling of Pride and Prejudice, about a young woman who doesn't think she wants an arranged marriage — until she meets the devastatingly handsome (if judgmental) Khalid, who is dedicated to tradition. Equally charming is Hannah Orenstein's Love at First Like (Atria, Aug. 6), which follows a jewelry-shop owner who accidentally posts a fake engagement announcement on Instagram and then decides to just roll with it. Both are full of charm, whimsy, and giddy romantic tension.
Crown, Black Lawrence Press
Blake Crouch's Recursion (Crown, June 11) is about a dangerous epidemic called False Memory Syndrome, whose victims find themselves remembering things that never happened and lives they've never lived, and who lose their grip on reality as a result. It will keep you up all night — first because you can't stop reading it, and then because you can't stop thinking about it. And if you're looking for something more pensive and intimate, you can't go wrong with Beth Mayer's We Will Tell You Otherwise (Black Lawrence Press, August) — a poignant, unflinching collection of stories about family, friendship, and how we relate to one another.
Update: The entry for Magic for Liars has been updated to reflect the fact that Sarah Gailey uses they/them pronouns.
More for your reading list
17 Page-Turners You'll Be Obsessed With This Summer Shyla Watson · May 23, 2019
37 Amazing New Books To Add To Your Spring Reading List Arianna Rebolini · March 19, 2019
Lara Prior-Palmer's "Rough Magic" Is BuzzFeed Book Club's June Pick. Here's A Sneak Peek. Lara Prior-Palmer · May 17, 2019
Arianna Rebolini is the books editor for BuzzFeed News and is based in New York.
Contact Arianna Rebolini at arianna.rebolini@buzzfeed.com.


You may be suffering from OA without realizing it is causing you pain and discomfort during your activities—or even when you're just trying to relax.
If you agree with one or more of these statements, you should see a physician to determine if you have knee osteoarthritis.
Click here to download a printable SUPARTZ FX Assessment Tool to bring with you to your doctor's appointment.


text:
package com.algorithm.tree;

/**
 * http://cslibrary.stanford.edu/109/TreeListRecursion.html Test cases Null tree
 *
 */
public class BinaryTreeToCircularLinkList {

	public Node convert(Node root) {
		if (root == null) {
			return null;
		}

		if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
			root.left = root;
			root.right = root;
			return root;
		}

		Node left = convert(root.left);
		Node right = convert(root.right);

		root.left = root;
		root.right = root;

		left = join(left, root);
		left = join(left, right);
		return left;
	}

	private Node join(Node r1, Node r2) {

		if (r1 == null) {
			return r2;
		}
		if (r2 == null) {
			return r1;
		}
		Node t1 = r2.left;

		r1.left.right = r2;
		r2.left = r1.left;
		r1.left = t1;
		t1.right = r1;
		return r1;
	}

	private void print(Node root) {
		Node temp = root;
		do {
			System.out.println(temp.data);
			temp = temp.right;
		} while (temp != root);

		System.out.println();
		do {
			System.out.println(temp.data);
			temp = temp.left;
		} while (temp != root);
	}

	public static void main(String args[]) {
		BinaryTreeToCircularLinkList btc = new BinaryTreeToCircularLinkList();
		BinaryTree bt = new BinaryTree();
		Node root = null;
		root = bt.addNode(10, root);
		root = bt.addNode(3, root);
		root = bt.addNode(-1, root);
		root = bt.addNode(8, root);
		root = bt.addNode(-6, root);
		root = bt.addNode(13, root);
		root = btc.convert(root);
		btc.print(root);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Growing Movement to Invest in the Older Americans' Market
Raising money for products or services serving them is tough, but getting easier
By Chris FarrellUnretirement ExpertMay 26, 2017
By Chris Farrell
Credit: Capital Impact Partners
When real estate developer Del Webb and his partner J.G. Boswell started building Sun City near Phoenix in the 1950s, the enterprise was considered high-risk. No one had created a community on this scale catering to older Americans pursuing an active retirement. "'Financially, such a project would fail because of 'cannibalism' (more people would die than move in)," cautioned a report Webb got, according to The King Of California: J.G. Boswell and the Making of A Secret American Empire. Even Webb's execs were skeptical: "How am I going to get a 30-year mortgage on a guy who is 65-years-old?" worried one.
Turns out, Sun City's grand opening on New Year's Day, 1960 was a rip-roaring success, with a line of cars backed up for more than two miles. Sales took off far faster than management's business plan predicted and Sun City helped open a money spigot for entrepreneurs, as investors looked to profit from the new lifestyle of leisure in retirement.
From Sun City to Silicon Valley
I thought of the Sun City while listening to Seth Sternberg, a Silicon Valley high-tech entrepreneur, at the Milken Institute Summit on Business and the Future of Aging in early May. Sternberg is a co-founder of Honor, a high-tech platform matching in-home caregivers with older people who need them.
Sternberg & Co. raised an impressive $62 million from venture capitalists. Yet the Honor founders, each with proven start-up chops in Silicon Valley, discovered it was incredibly difficult to persuade venture capitalists to invest in the aging market.
The new longevity market will have its "Sun City moment" when socially-conscious investors decide to back social entrepreneurs and ventures.
"Venture capitalists think the elderly and technology don't work together. There is this psychological barrier in the industry," Sternberg said. "The perception is: 'Why invest in a product to sell to the elderly? They are going to age out.' 'I should invest in people with longer lifespans,' they say. Yet very few teens stay with any product their whole lifetime, much less a year or more."
Sounds like the reactions to Sun City before the grand opening, doesn't it?
Ellis Carr, CEO of Capital Impact Partners
Socially-Conscious Investors Meet Social Entrepreneurs
Here's my bet: The new longevity market will have its "Sun City moment" when the swelling coffers of socially-conscious investors decide to back social entrepreneurs and social ventures seeking opportunities generated by an aging society — healthier, better educated and more engaged than previous generations.
A couple of definitions: Social entrepreneurs are people who create businesses and organizations with the goal of driving social change for the better. (Social entrepreneurship is especially attractive to people in their second and third acts.) Social ventures describe the creations of those social entrepreneurs; the ventures may be structured as nonprofits, for-profits or co-ops. But all social ventures want to drive social change for the better and stay in business with positive cash flow.
"I'm really interested in trying to get my friends in the world of social investing and impact investing to include aging as part of their matrix, "says Paul Irving, chairman of the Milken Institute Center for the Future of Aging.
That would be welcome, indeed.
How to Convince People With Money
As someone in the audience of a 2016 panel session on social innovation at the Encore.org annual conference said: "Everyone I talk to is trying to raise money. How can we get the creative ideas with the people who have money? How to bridge the gap?"
The difficulty of finding money to start and then run a social enterprise is no surprise to those who've tried. Ask David Campbell, founder of All Hands Volunteers, a nonprofit that sends thousands of volunteers to disaster zones. "It's like starting a small business," he says, looking back at All Hands Volunteers' first five years. "If you talk to someone who opened a restaurant or some other business, they'll say the same thing: It's really challenging to get through the first five years."
Struggle often reflects the business of entrepreneurship, including social entrepreneurship targeted at an aging population. It's hard work and money always a pressing worry. I don't see that changing.
Shamelessness Is a Virtue
The key is persistence. "Be shameless in using whatever avenue you can to get access to the funding that helps you open your doors," says Alexandra Drane, a Boston-based serial entrepreneur behind for-profits and nonprofits. "It can be a family member, a friend, a potential customer, an angel investor. In full disclosure, I am a rabble-rousing boot-strapper."
I'm eager to see what happens as more and more successful ventures attract much larger sums of money, which, in turn, will attract more entrepreneurs into the longevity market.
Investing in Housing for Older Adults
An example might be Capital Impact Partners, a Community Development Financial Institution (CDFI) headquartered in Arlington, Va. (CDFIs are financial institutions aiming to strengthen low-income communities through home loans, small business loans and other initiatives.) Capital Impact Partners sees helping low-income older adults as a critical part of its mission, which is why it's an investor along with AARP, AARP Foundation and the Calvert Foundation in the $80 million Age Strong investment fund.
"There is a need for long-term and patient capital for social entrepreneurs," says Ellis Carr, Capital Impact Partners' CEO.
Among its own investments is Colorado's first "Green House" project for skilled nursing care in Loveland. A Green House is designed to look like a home for 10 to 12 older people. In partnership with the Loveland Housing Authority on the campus of the Mirasol Senior Living Community, Capital Impact Partners helped finance the construction of six 7,500-square-foot homes with private rooms and bathrooms; most of the inhabitants are on Medicaid.
Carr believes that other CDFIs will pursue similar initiatives to improve the lives of America's elders.
The Impact Investing Convergence
The growth and expansion of impact investing (formerly known as ethical investing or socially responsible investing) may well lead to more social ventures for the older market, too. When this idea began in the '80s and '90s, it was all about marrying personal values to an investment portfolio by, say, finding companies that didn't profit from things like smoking or weapons. But the Wall Street rap against impact investing was that you needed to sacrifice returns in order to invest this way.
Even when that's the case — depending on the investment — investors have voted their preferences with their portfolios, in a positive fashion. Money invested with a conscience in the U.S. totaled $8.72 trillion last year, nearly 22 percent of all investments under professional management, according to the U.S. Forum for Sustainable and Responsible Investment.
"What is starting to happen is a convergence of the for-profit traditional investor and the traditional make-the-world-a-better-place organization that is exciting, but difficult to navigate," says Terri Barreiro, adjunct instructor teaching Social Entrepreneurship and American Philanthropy at the Humphrey School of Public Affairs.
The demographics of an aging society is among the most significant forces shaping the U.S. economy, along with globalization and the rise of the digital economy. The trick is better matchmaking between social entrepreneurs and social investors. That day will come — hopefully sooner rather than later.
Why Isn't Business Preparing More for the Future of Aging?
Why I Upended My Business to Focus on Boomers
Longevity: The Economic Opportunity of Our Lifetime
Chris Farrell is senior economics contributor for American Public Media's Marketplace. An award-winning journalist, he is author
of the book, Unretirement: How Baby Boomers Are Changing the Way We Think About Work, Community, and The Good Life.@cfarrellecon
America's Entrepreneurs
Older Americans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Thomas Morrison Carnegie (October 2, 1843 – October 19, 1886) was a Scottish-born American industrialist. He was the brother of steel magnate Andrew Carnegie and co-founder of the Edgar Thomson Steel Works (a steel manufacturing company).

Early life

He was born in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland, on October 2, 1843. His parents were Will and Margaret Carnegie, and he had a brother, Andrew, who was eight years older. A sister, Ann, had been born in 1840 but died in infancy. His first cousin was future industrialist George Lauder. His father was a master weaver, and his mother sold food in the home and sewed soles on leather boots to help provide income. Left destitute by automation (which threw his father, a hand weaver, out of work), the family emigrated to the United States in 1848 and settled in "Slabtown"—an immigrant neighborhood in Allegheny City, at the time a distinct and fast-growing city on the north side of the Allegheny and Ohio Rivers across from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The family rented rooms from a relative who owned a house at 336 Rebecca Street. (The street is gone, replaced by Three Rivers Stadium football stadium.) Allegheny City was an unpleasant place to live. It had no municipal water system until 1848, no natural gas lines until 1853, and no sewer system, and wild hogs roamed the streets attacking children. There, Thomas attended local public school.

As a boy, Thomas Carnegie was "the beautiful white-haired child with lustrous black eyes, who everywhere attracted attention". He was generally considered well-mannered but reserved, and often went into a quiet room during social gatherings. He was also noted for his quick and wry sense of humor. And while some, such as Andrew Carnegie biographer Joseph Frazier Wall have concluded that Margaret Carnegie secretly favored Thomas, others such as Richard S. Tedlow disagree and conclude that Thomas was largely isolated and lonely within the extended Carnegie family and their large coterie of friends. It is well documented that Andrew and Thomas did not have the same group of friends, and that Thomas' group was smaller. In time, Thomas Carnegie became a lifelong heavy drinker.

Career

His older brother Andrew made a good deal of money from stock investing, and in 1853 purchased their rented home on Rebecca Street. In 1858, after Andrew had been appointed Thomas Scott's assistant, the Carnegie family sold their Rebecca Street home and bought a large home in Altoona.  Andrew was appointed superintendent of the western division of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1859, and he made Thomas (who had quit school) his assistant. (This was not the end of Thomas' schooling.  As an adult, he would later take classes at Duff College.)

In 1859, the family moved back to Pittsburgh and resided at 10 Hancock Street (later renamed Eighth Street, and now part of the Downtown Pittsburgh central business district). But the pollution from nearby factories and iron forges proved too much, and after only a few short months on Hancock Street, Andrew purchased a Victorian home for Thomas and their mother in Homewood, then a middle-class village on the edge of Pittsburgh.  Andrew and Thomas rode the train to and from work together, and attended the theater frequently.

In 1861, Andrew persuaded Thomas to invest in the Columbia Oil Company, and it paid off handsomely.  That Andrew Carnegie should ask an 18-year-old boy to be a stock investor was not unusual.  When Andrew traveled to Scotland with his mother and a friend in 1862, he left Thomas in charge of his numerous business affairs (assets by that time nearing $47,860 or roughly $8.5 million in 2009 inflation-adjusted dollars).

Union Iron Mills
Thomas' business ventures were often pulled along in the wake of his older brother's interests, and he made his fortune in iron and steel because of Andrew.  In 1861, Thomas N. Miller, Henry Phipps (the son of the shoemaker Margaret Carnegie did home work for), Anthony Kloman, and Andrew Kloman organized the Iron City Forge in Pittsburgh to take advantage of the booming need for iron products during the American Civil War.  Miller subsequently bought out Anton Kloman's share.  Phipps and Miller later learned that Andrew Kloman had sold a one-ninth share in the business to a local man who subsequently died during the war, and Miller bought his share (raising his ownership in the business to four-ninths). Kloman, Miller, and Phipps were soon at odds over these transactions and one another's refusal to sell out to the others, and they sought Andrew Carnegie's assistance in resolving the dispute.  On September 1, 1863, Carnegie drew up new incorporation papers which made Miller a "special partner" in the firm and which also made Thomas Carnegie a partner in the business.  The money for Thomas' investment came from Andrew.  A clause in the contract permitted Kloman and Phipps to oust Miller and make him a silent partner, which they quickly did.  The same clause, however, gave Thomas Carnegie the right to purchase the extra one-ninth share Miller had obtained, and Andrew Carnegie immediately financed this purchase.  When Miller, one of Andrew's closest friends, protested, Andrew induced Thomas to plead with him to acquiesce lest Andrew's reputation as a fair dealer suffer. Miller did so.

Meanwhile, Miller established a rival firm, the Cyclops Iron Company, with Andrew Carnegie as an investor. The Cyclops firm opened in October 1864.  Thomas, however, was deeply concerned that the Cyclops company would harm his own interests in Iron City Forge, and successfully prevailed on Andrew to merge the two firms. (It may also be true that Andrew always intended to merge the two firms in order to gain control of both, and used Thomas for this purpose.)  Kloman and Phipps at first refused, but Thomas made an offer of all the shares in Cyclops plus an additional payment of $50,000 (a very large sum at the time).  On May 1, 1865, the new Union Iron Mills Company was formed.  Thomas was to "help out" as needed, and appointed vice president of the firm.

While Andrew and Miller spent the better part of the next year touring Europe, Thomas flourished at the Union Iron Mills. The company struggled financially as the end of the Civil War led to sharp drops in the need for iron products, but Thomas proved to be a warm and friendly executive where his brother was cold and austere.  Thomas' ability to make friends allowed the firm to receive numerous contracts and even infusions of capital when needed, and it is unlikely the company would have survived without him. Andrew wrote to Thomas extensively from Europe, constantly criticizing his business decisions, providing him with micromanaging instructions, and generally demeaning him.  From Europe, Andrew also badgered Thomas to make improvements to their home in America, and decided to call the rapidly expanding mansion "Fairfield." Thomas' judgement proved to be more prescient than Andrew's when, in July 1865, Andrew became fascinated with the "Dodd process," a new English method of welding steel facing to iron railroad rails and, despite Thomas' misgivings, he purchased the American patent for the process.  The process proved unworkable, and although he made additional investments in retooling the mill, the rails produced by the new process were just as brittle and breakable as the those formerly manufactured.  Thomas advised him to conserve his money, but Andrew purchased yet another steel welding patent to try to fix the process.  That, too, failed and soon Carnegie's steel-welding business was bankrupt.  Thomas correctly foresaw that Andrew too easily believed his judgment was infallible, and soon a coal mining process Andrew had purchased also led to significant financial losses.

Meanwhile, Thomas began courting Lucy Coleman, daughter of Pittsburgh iron manufacturing magnate William Coleman. Coleman provided Thomas with critical advice on how to improve the Union Iron Mills, and inside information on the coming railroad building boom.  Another critical business relationship was with Piper & Shiffler (later known as the Keystone Bridge Company), an iron bridge building firm invested in by Andrew in 1862.  Andrew diverted much of Piper & Shiffler's contracts to the Union Iron Mills, further bolstering the company's profits.  Thomas often tried to rein in some of his brother's excesses, but to no avail.  For example, in 1866 Andrew proposed purchasing a pipe works adjacent to the old Cyclops Iron Works.  Thomas opposed the purchase, arguing that the time for expansion was not ripe and that the pipe works used a kind of iron which the Union Iron Mills did not produce.  The pipe works turned out to be a white elephant, but they burned down shortly thereafter (saving the firm from further losses).

The Lucy Furnace and Thomson Works
Thomas Carnegie played a critical role in the expansion of the Carnegie Bros. & Co. company into the production of pig iron. Iron ore was usually smelted into pig iron first, a brittle but refined product (often cast in ingots) which was usually sold to other companies and turned into wrought iron or steel. Several investors in the Union Iron Mills wished to invest in companies producing pig iron, but William Coleman advised against it and advocated building a wholly owned modern furnace under the company's control. A division of the Union Iron Mills (named the Isabella Furnace Company) was organized on December 1, 1870, and the company's first blast furnace (named the "Lucy Furnace" after Thomas' wife) was constructed on 51st Street in Pittsburgh. Most of the investors who joined the Isabella Furnace Company were Thomas' friends, not Andrew's. Thomas Carnegie supervised the operation of the Lucy furnace, and he was almost alone in contributing to its business success. The Lucy furnace was enormous— high with a  bosh (the widest part of the furnace and the hottest due to its proximity to the hearth)—and was producing a record-shattering  a day by 1872. A second Lucy furnace was built in 1877. In 1881, a two-thirds share in the company was sold to Wilson, Walker & Co. and James R. Wilson relieved Thomas Carnegie and John Phipps of their duties overseeing the operation of the furnaces.

Thomas Carnegie's experience in running the Lucy furnaces led him to co-found the Edgar Thomson Steel Works. In early 1871, William Coleman became interested in the new Bessemer process steel-making furnaces, and he traveled throughout Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania to view these new works. Coleman invited Thomas Carnegie to join him in building the new steel works, and together they purchased  of land about  east of Pittsburgh known as Braddock's Field (a historic battlefield where French and Indian forces from Fort Duquesne defeated British General Edward Braddock on July 5, 1755, in the Battle of the Monongahela). (Thomas borrowed the money for his investment from his brother.) Coleman and Carnegie lived near one another in Homewood and went to work together on the streetcar, and it was during these daily commutes that the men worked on their plans for the new steel works. Although Thomas asked Andrew to invest in the new mill, Andrew refused (considering it too risky a venture). Thomas then prevailed upon David McCandless, a wealthy Pittsburgh merchant and vice president of the Exchange National Bank. McCandless agreed, and brought in William P. Shinn (who would, 11 years later, be awarded the Norman Medal, the top award for civil engineering, in 1883) as treasurer. In the spring of 1872, Andrew Carnegie (while on a bond-selling trip) made a survey of Bessemer steel works in Europe and returned to the U.S. highly enthusiastic about the new project. Andrew subsequently invested $250,000 in the works. Meanwhile, Coleman, McCandless, Scott, and Thomas Carnegie had purchased a newly platted tract in Pittsburgh, subdivided it, and sold the lots at a significant profit. The partners then invested $50,000 each in the steel mill. A new company, Carnegie, McCandless & Co., was formed on January 13, 1873, to build the works.

Thomas was on vacation with Andrew and their mother at the upscale resort town of Cresson Springs in September 1873 when they learned of the failure of the investment bank of Jay Cooke & Company, which precipitated the Panic of 1873. The Panic created financial difficulties for the company, and it floated bonds to stay alive. J. Edgar Thomson, president of the Pennsylvania Railroad and a mentor and close friend to many of the partners, bought many of these bonds in late 1873, helping keep the firm afloat. The partners dissolved Carnegie, McCandless & Co. to take advantage of a new Pennsylvania law permitting the formation of limited liability companies, and the Edgar Thomson Steel Company Ltd. was created on October 12, 1874. The company took its name from J. Edgar Thomson, who although not a large investor in the works had a superb reputation as an honest and trustworthy person (an important asset in risky financial times).

Over the next several years, Thomas Carnegie generally oversaw the Edgar Thomson Steel Company. His success in this endeavor was summed up by a corporate historian this way:
Mr. T.M. Carnegie's abilities were too numerous and complex to be summed up in a sentence. He was a man of sterling integrity; and it was a common saying in Pittsburg that his word was better than some men's bond. He had remarkable judgment; and his opinion on commercial questions was valued above that of much older and more experienced men. Quick and keen in his perceptions, cautious but progressive in his ideas, faithful to his engagements, and just in all his dealings, he gave to his company that which corporations are habitually lacking, namely, a conscience.
Other historical assessments conclude Thomas had a solid grasp of the steel business and was a respected manager, even if Andrew considered him overly cautious. William Abbott, chairman of Carnegie, Phipps, & Co., considered Thomas the better businessman than Andrew, "solid, shrewd, farseeing, absolutely honest and dependable." Thomas lacked Andrew's ambition, but "was content with a good, prosperous, safe business and cared nothing for expansion. He disapproved of Andrew's skyrocketing tendencies, regarded him as a plunger and a dangerous leader. Tom wanted earnings in the shape of dividends, whereas Andrew insisted on using them for expansion." Although he shied away from publicity, he was a hard worker and well liked by both management and workers. His one flaw was his drinking: He often left work at noon and drank heavily for the rest of the day.

Crony capitalism was an important part of American industrialism during this period. Thomas Carnegie, however, was not very adept at it. There is conflicting evidence as to whether he mixed widely in Pittsburgh society, with at least one scholar claiming he did and another that he did not. He was reserved at social gatherings, using his attendance at parties to pick up business gossip and industry buzz. He played cards on a weekly basis with Henry Clay Frick, Philander Knox, Andrew and Richard Mellon, and George Westinghouse. His closest friend was David A. Stewart, a co-partner in the Thomson works, and Stewart readily defended Thomas against the criticisms and jibes of others (particularly Andrew Carnegie).

Thomas sold half his interest in Edgar Thomson Steel to his older brother in 1876 after disagreement broke out over whether to build another "Lucy furnace." Thomas Carnegie, however, held no position on the Thomson board of directors, a situation Andrew Carnegie wanted rectified the moment a position on the board became available. This occurred in the summer of 1876, but William P. Shinn (the second-largest stockholder in the company) complained bitterly to Andrew (traveling in Europe) that the seat should have gone to him. Nonetheless, Thomas was not only added to the board but made chairman upon Andrew Carnegie's return to the U.S. a few months later. Shinn eventually had enough, and resigned as manager of the Thomson steel works in September 1879. Thomas replaced Shinn as manager.

Andrew Carnegie decided to stop relying solely on his company's own furnaces for coke, and began seeking to buy the fuel on the open market. Thomas and Henry Phipps had alerted Andrew to the need for a greater and steadier supply for coke for the growing steel works. In 1881, Andrew sent Thomas to meet with Henry Clay Frick, owner of H.C. Frick & Co.—the largest coke producing company in the U.S. Thomas' goal was to induce Frick to buy the Carnegie coke ovens. In November 1881, Thomas proposed selling the Monastery Coke Works near Latrobe, Pennsylvania, to Frick, or at least have Frick take over the marketing and selling of the coke produced there. Thomas' offer came as Frick was planning his wedding, and it fell to Andrew to meet with Frick and his new bride as they honeymooned in New York City. By this time, Thomas had negotiated most of an agreement with Frick, as well as planned the meeting with Andrew. Carnegie took a 10 percent interest in H.C. Frick & Co., Frick took a 50 percent interest in the Monastery coke works, and H.C. Frick & Co. would become the exclusive supplier of coke to Carnegie Bros. & Co. and the Edgar Thomson Steel Works. Thomas was assigned to negotiate the price of coke on an annual basis with Frick, and over the next two years H.C. Frick & Co. made a 23 percent profit on the coke sold. By 1885, Andrew Carnegie had purchased enough stock in H.C. Frick & Co. to own 50 percent of the company. Frick now attempted to buy into the Carnegie steel companies by selling 12 of the remaining 16 percent of the H.C. Frick which he still owned, but Thomas warned him not to try and to instead seek a position as a manager within the company.

Thomas also played a key role in the consolidation of Andrew's businesses. Thomas had become more involved with the management of Edgar Thomson Steel and less with the Isabella Furnace and Union Iron companies. It was Thomas who suggested to Andrew that the companies be consolidated into a single firm, and that Thomas' stake in the new firm be raised commensurate with his managerial role. His older brother agreed. On April 1, 1888, Andrew Carnegie reorganized his iron and steel businesses into one company, Carnegie Bros. & Co., with Thomas holding 17 percent of the stock. Included in the reorganization were the Lucy and Isabella furnaces, Union Iron Mills, and Homestead works.

Dungeness

In 1880, with seven children at Fairfield and the city of Pittsburgh becoming increasingly hazardous to health due to its burgeoning industry, Thomas and Lucy began seeking a summer home along the southern East Coast for their family. The previous year, the Carnegies had met reporter Frederick Ober while on vacation in Fernandina Beach, Florida. Ober told them about an island plantation he was writing an article about. In 1880, Lippincott's Monthly Magazine published an article by Ober about Dungeness, a plantation on the barrier island of Cumberland Island on the southern Atlantic coast of the state of Georgia. Although it had suffered an extensive fire in 1866 and was uninhabitable, the mansion had a storied past. The article drew the attention of Lucy Carnegie (who had attended boarding school as a girl in nearby Fernandina), and the Carnegies decided the place would be an ideal summer home. The mansion's owner was ex-Confederate General William George MacKay Davis, a first cousin of Confederate President Jefferson Davis who bought the plantation from its creditors in 1879. Carnegie offered to buy Dungeness on August 25, 1880, for $25,000 but his offer was rejected. But after the death of Gen. Davis' son and grandson at the property, Davis desired to leave the place which had brought him such grief and Carnegie offered and Davis accepted a price of $35,000. The sale for the  property (which included orange and olive groves, gardens, several cottages, and outbuildings) was final on November 17, 1881.

Over the next four months, the burned-out mansion was demolished and noted Pittsburgh architect Andrew Peebles designed a massive Queen Anne Style mansion with wraparound verandas, high ceilings, several porches, many turrets, and a  high tower. In April 1882, Carnegie and his cousin, Leander Morris, jointly purchased an adjoining  property. The cornerstone for the new Dungeness was laid on February 26, 1884, and the $285,000,  mansion (fully furnished) completed on January 1, 1885. There was even a landing for Thomas Carnegie's steam-powered yacht, the Missoe. The Carnegies visited Dungeness irregularly over the next year, traveling to Georgia in a private railroad car.

With the purchase of his Cumberland Island estate, Thomas resolved to retire from business and spend more time in Georgia. The stress of working for his brother had left him exhausted.

Social life
Both Andrew and Thomas Carnegie had been members of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club, a highly exclusive wealthy businessman's club which operated a mountaintop retreat overlooking Lake Conemaugh, one of the largest man-made lakes of the day. Lake Conemaugh was formed by the construction of the South Fork Dam in 1853, but had been drained and abandoned prior to its purchase by the South Fork organization. The club, which formed in 1879, restored the South Fork Dam and refilled the reservoir. Andrew and Thomas built a cottage near the clubhouse, and often stayed there. The South Fork Dam failed on May 31, 1889, resulting in the disastrous Johnstown Flood.

Personal life
In June 1866, Carnegie married Lucy Ackerman Coleman (1847–1916), the daughter of Pittsburgh iron manufacturing magnate William Coleman.  Their marriage was followed by a honeymoon around Europe. They had been courting since 1864. By 1881, the couple had nine children:

 William Coleman Carnegie (1867–1944), a sportsman and traveler.
Never married, no issue
 Frank Morrison Carnegie (1868–1917)
Never married, no issue
 Andrew Carnegie II (1870–1947), who married Bertha Sherlock (1863–1943).
They had three children including Nancy Carnegie Rockefeller who married James Stillman Rockefeller
 Margaret Coleman Carnegie (1872–1927), who married Oliver Garrison Ricketson (1864–1943).
 Thomas Morrison Carnegie, Jr. (1874–1944), who married Virginia Beggs (1878–1952)
 George Lauder Carnegie (1876–1921), who married Margaret Copley Thaw (1877–1942), the daughter of William Thaw and Mary Sibbet Copley.
No issue
 Florence Nightingale Carnegie (1879–1962), who married Frederick Curtis Perkins (1870–1935).
 Coleman Carnegie (1880–1911), who died of pneumonia at age 31.
Never married, no issue
 Nancy Trovillo Carnegie (1881–1954), who married Thomas' coachman, George Hever.

The children were tutored at home, although they also attended a private school for a portion of the day. In 1867, Andrew moved to New York City, giving "Fairfield" to Thomas, Lucy, and his mother Margaret. Margaret moved to New York City to live with her older son in 1870.

Death
In late September 1886, Thomas Carnegie fell ill with what he believed to be a cold. He was sick off and on for the next several weeks. On October 16, he left work thinking he was suffering from yet another cold, but died of pneumonia just three days later. His wife and all of his children except Margaret (who was attending a boarding school in New York) were at his bedside when he died. For most of his life, Thomas had been a member of the Swedenborgian Church. His funeral, however, was conducted by an Episcopalian, and Carnegie was buried on October 21, 1886, in Allegheny Cemetery in Pittsburgh. His mother, also quite ill for some time, died on November 10 (never learning of her younger son's death).

Thomas' death was a serious blow to Andrew Carnegie's financial interests. Thomas had run most of Andrew's enterprises, and to fill his role Andrew Carnegie turned to Henry Clay Frick as his replacement.  Frick later played a critical role in the Homestead Strike and in brokering the deal between Carnegie and J. P. Morgan that created U.S. Steel.

Some time before Lucy Coleman Carnegie died in January 1916, Thomas Carnegie's body was disinterred and reburied at the Carnegie family cemetery on Cumberland Island. Although the cemetery is still maintained by the Carnegie family, it is located on land which is now part of the Cumberland Island National Seashore.

Estate
Thomas' will named Lucy his sole executrix and legatee. The will asked (but did not require) her to seek the advice of her brother-in-law Andrew and her father (who had already died eight years earlier, in 1878) in disposing of Thomas' business interests. Although Andrew advised her to sell out to him, she refused and retained ownership in businesses which led to rapid rises in her personal wealth over the next several decades.

Footnotes

Print sources
"Andrew Carnegie." In Encyclopedia Americana. New York: Americana Corp., 1966.
Barefoot, Patricia. Cumberland Island. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia, 2004.
Boardman, Jr., Fon W. America and the Robber Barons, 1865 to 1913. New York: Walck, 1979.

Bridge, James Howard. The Inside History of the Carnegie Steel Company: A Romance of Millions. New York: The Aldine Book Company, 1903.
Bullard, Mary Ricketson. Cumberland Island: A History. Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press, 2005.
Burlingame, Dwight F. The Responsibilities of Wealth. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1992.
Carnegie, Andrew. The Gospel of Wealth, and Other Timely Essays. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1962.
"Carnegie, Andrew." In Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Rev. ed. James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, eds. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 1887.
Derbyshire, Wyn. Six Tycoons: The Lives of John Jacob Astor, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Henry Ford and Joseph P. Kennedy. London: Spiramus Press, 2008.
Dilsaver, Lary M. Cumberland Island National Seashore: A History of Conservation Conflict. Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia Press, 2004.
"Mrs. Carnegie Dead." New York Times. November 11, 1886.
Nasaw, David. Andrew Carnegie. New York: Penguin Press, 2006.
"Thomas M. Carnegie's Funeral." New York Times. October 31, 1886.
Seabrook, Charles. Cumberland Island: Strong Women, Wild Horses. Winston-Salem, N.C.: J.F. Blair, 2004.
Skrabec, Quentin R. The World's Richest Neighborhood: How Pittsburgh's East Enders Forged American Industry. New York: Algora Publishing, 2010.
Standiford, Les. Meet You in Hell: Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, and the Bitter Partnership That Transformed America. New York: Crown Publishers, 2005.
Swank, James Moore. History of the Manufacture of Iron in All Ages. Philadelphia: American Iron and Steel Association, 1892.
Tedlow, Richard S. Giants of Enterprise: Seven Business Innovators and the Empires They Built. New York: HarperBusiness, 2001.
Warren, Kenneth. Triumphant Capitalism: Henry Clay Frick and the Industrial Transformation of America. Reprint ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000.

External links

1843 births
1886 deaths
Andrew Carnegie
Businesspeople from Pittsburgh
People from Dunfermline
Lauder Greenway Family
Scottish emigrants to the United States
People from Cumberland Island
Burials at Allegheny Cemetery
Deaths from pneumonia in Pennsylvania
Carnegie family
19th-century Scottish businesspeople

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


LITTLE ROCK � Legislative critics expressed more displeasure with the state's parole system Wednesday in the wake of a parolee being charged with murder while free despite multiple felony arrests.
LITTLE ROCK � Legislative critics expressed more displeasure with the state�s parole system Wednesday in the wake of a parolee being charged with murder while free despite multiple felony arrests.
But one lawmaker cautioned that keeping prisoners behind bars indefinitely is not the answer.
Members spent part of Wednesday�s joint meeting of the House and Senate judiciary committees discussing the circumstances surrounding Darrell Dennis, who was arrested more than two dozen times after being released on parole in 2008 without having his parole revoked.
He was last released from the Pulaski County jail on May 8. Less than two days later, 18-year-old Forrest Abrams of Fayetteville was found shot to death at a Little Rock intersection. On May 22, Dennis was arrested and charged in the slaying. His parole was revoked June 5.
The state Department of Community Correction has been under heavy scrutiny since. The state Board of Corrections is examining what happened, Gov. Mike Beebe has ordered an internal DCC investigation, and the Arkansas State Police is conducting an administrative investigation into what happened and how such a breakdown might be avoided in the future.
Wednesday�s meeting was at least the fourth in the past three weeks in which lawmakers have vented their frustrations with the system while questioning interim DCC Director Sheila Sharp and other prison and parole officials.
Lawmakers on Wednesday suggested they and the public have begun losing faith in the DCC�s ability to do its job properly.
But Sen. Stephanie Flowers, D-Pine Bluff, urged colleagues to take a wider view of the problem.
She said one of the systemic problems she has noticed is how many parolees have not had any assistance in planning for life outside prison. Many of those on parole or probation need programs to improve their literacy or help find a job and housing, while others need mental health services and have no idea how to find them, she added.
She said that under Act 570 of 2011, the Department of Community Correction was charged with improving such services.
�I haven�t seen enough of that,� said Flowers, a lawyer who said she is often in court with parole and probation violators who have been rearrested.
Sharp said Wednesday she agrees the agency should speed implementation of many of the programs required under Act 570, the law designed to reform parole guidelines, reduce the number of low-risk offenders in the state prison system and ease prison overcrowding.
Sharp said she has met with managers of regional parole and probation offices to discuss the need for better communication with local police, deputies and service providers.
She said DCC has about $3 million to distribute among the regions, and the managers have been asked to prepare a list of items and programs they want to implement with a portion of that money.
Sharp said 142 parolees are now wearing electric ankle bracelets and that as many as 300 could have them later this fall. She said the bracelets will help parole officers keep better track of the parolees.


TUCKED AWAY AT THE END OF A QUIET LANE ON MORE THAN 1.5 ACRES, THIS WARM AND INVITING PROPERTY EXEMPLIFIES THE TRUE ESSENCE OF WOODSIDE. SUN-SWEPT EXPANSES-FROM THE GATED FRONT GARDENS TO THE REAR OPEN FIELDS-AND BEAUTIFUL VIEWS OU TO THE EAST BAY HLLS COMBINE AN IDYLLIC SETTING. THE ONE-LEVEL HOME IS REMODELED THROUGHOUT AND WITH A STYLISH AMBIANCE THAT INCLUDES HARDWOOD FLOORS, PANELED CATHEDRAL CEILINGS, AND A CHEF'S KITCHEN OPENING TO THE FAMILY ROOM. THERE ARE 3 BEDROOMS AND TWO BATHS, PLUS A LARGE DETACHED STUDIO WITH A FULL BATH, PERFECT FOR AN OFFICE, FITNESS CENTER OR GUESTS. COMPLETING THE APPEAL IS THE PROPERTY'S EXCELLENT LOCATION JUST ONE-HALF MILE TO TOWN AND ACCESS TO ACCLAIMED WOODSIDE SCHOOL. THIS IS TRULY A WONDERFUL PLACE TO CALL HOME IN ONE OF THE MOST SOUGHT-AFTER TOWNS IN THE BAY AREA MIDWAY BETWEEN SAN FRANCISCO AND THE SILICON VALLEY.


CV en anglais : comment éviter la poubelle ?
After watching the video "Errors To Avoid On Your American Resumé", SBFG Ambassador Marc asked me to create a video on branding statements to include at the beginning of your resumé.
Your wish is my command, and here it is!This is a very relevant subject because the quality of your branding statement influences how much time the recruiter spends looking at your CV.
It's a little like those short descriptions on the back (au dos) of a book. In this case, the book is you! If the recruiter likes what they read, they're more likely to (il a plus de chances de) consider buying the book.
And that's what we want—the recruiter to spend time with your CV, to consider your application, to call you for an interview.
They'll call you because they want to know more about you. You might be the perfect person for the job.
You want to be sure your resumé stands out, but maybe you don't know how to take it from "good" to "wow!".
After today's episode, you'll know the secret!
Before you send your CV, share your branding statement with us!
Just write it in the comments below and the SBFG Community can help you with it. Maybe you'll inspire someone else too!
Remember that thousands of other French-speaking professionals come to SBFG to boost their English and boost their career. Your comment may be exactly what someone else needs to build their confidence, speak better English, and feel great about themselves.
Thanks for wanting to improve your English & your career. I love helping you!
P.S. Got a colleague who wants to change jobs? Contribute to their success by sharing this newsletter with them!
Ne laisse plus ton anglais fait de l'ombre à ton expertise. Get The Ultimate Guide To Perfecting Your English CV. Clique ici pour l'obtenir.
Successfully designed and implemented seasonal marketing campaigns in thousands points of sale and analyzed financial results of these campaigns to implement improvements. Managed stakeholder's expectations of 30 publishing companies. Looking for new challenges in a start-up, small or medium-sized company.
Thanks for your comment, and your branding statement is really very good! If I had to add some little improvements, maybe you could be more precise about the number of sales outlets (something like "in more than 3000 sales outlets". If you don't have precise numbers, you should say "in thousands of sales outlets").
Stakeholders is plural, I imagine (or was it just one stakeholder?) If it's plural, the apostrophe is on the other side of the "s" (stakeholders' expectations).
The structure is good and the language is clear! Good job on this!
Your videos are the best and really useful !
That is fantastic! I'm soooo happy that you got 2 interviews so soon! It just shows that by changing a little thing, you can make a big difference, even with your current level of English. It's all about what you do with what you have, and you did something great!
Dear Christina, what difference would you make between CV and résumé, if any? What's your favorite term anyway? Many thanks!


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~

Here is a list of all documented class members with links to the class documentation for each member:

- f -

facet_type
: boost::locale::basic_message< CharType >

find()
: boost::locale::boundary::boundary_point_index< BaseIterator >
, boost::locale::boundary::segment_index< BaseIterator >

first_day_of_week()
: boost::locale::calendar

from_unicode()
: boost::locale::util::base_converter

from_unicode_state
: boost::locale::generic_codecvt_base

full_select()
: boost::locale::boundary::segment_index< BaseIterator >

© Copyright 2009-2012 Artyom Beilis,  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.


text:
Care for Our Common Planet: A Catholic-Muslim Earth Day Conversation
The COVID-19 global pandemic has shattered our collective complacency and accentuated widespread inequality. It reminds us of the need to cooperate as we confront shared threats to our global human family—at the forefront of which is ecological breakdown.
How can we create a truly "green" recovery that prompts continuing dialogue and joint action among faiths and communities? How might our response to ecological and societal challenges draw on compassion and justice, recognizing the valuable contributions of religion? And how can believers across the world join hands to create a global culture of peace, fraternity, and reverence for both the Creator and creation?
In this conversation, recorded on Earth Day 2021, hear from leaders, scholars, and faith practitioners from the Muslim and Catholic traditions. Learn how multifaith engagement can lay the foundation for mutual understanding between traditions and communities, creating common ground and inspiring joint action as we work together for peace and human flourishing on the planet we share.
English transcripts are available for remarks delivered by Sheikh Ali Gomaa, former Grand Mufti of Egypt, and Dr. Mohamed Bechari, Secretary-General of The World Muslim Communities Council. Both Gomaa and Bechari delivered their remarks in Arabic.
Transcript of Sheikh Gomaa's remarks
Transcript of Dr. Bechari's remarks
This event was presented by the Ansari Institute for Global Engagement with Religion and The World Muslim Communities Council and co-sponsored by the World Religions World Church graduate program, part of the University of Notre Dame's Department of Theology.
The Lamentations of Jeremiah: An Intergenerational Conversation on the Crises of Our Time
Hear insights from Rev. Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., an outspoken civil rights advocate, and Minister Tiauna Boyd Webb, one of the first Wright scholars to graduate from Chicago Theological Seminary, who joined the Ansari Institute in February 2021 for an intergenerational conversation on building a more just and peaceful world.
Renowned for his exuberant oratory, Rev. Wright is a master of the jeremiad, a type of sermon that speaks truth to power by invoking biblical prophecy, offering a diagnosis of our fallen condition, and issuing a call to repentance. In 2008, his sermons were caricatured by media outlets thanks to sound-bite journalism, but "Jeremiah's jeremiads" resonate with many as prophetic.
A former Wright Scholar, Minister Tiauna Boyd Webb is a young leader in the Samuel DeWitt Proctor Conference, a recognized NGO of the United Nations that seeks to strengthen the individual and collective capacity of thought leaders and activists in the church, academy, and community through education, advocacy, and activism for human rights and social justice.
Today, our world faces multiple intersecting crises: racial injustice (coupled with white supremacy and violent extremism), economic inequality, climate change, and a global pandemic. Given these vast challenges, what can a prophetic faith tradition teach us about building a better world? Watch this wide-ranging conversation with Rev. Wright and Minister Webb as the struggle for peace and justice passes from one generation to another.
This conversation was co-sponsored by the University of Notre Dame's African Student Association (ASA), Black Student Association, Department of American Studies, Initiative on Race and Resilience, and Klau Center for Civil and Human Rights, as well as Indiana University South Bend's Civil Rights Heritage Center and the United Religious Community of St. Joseph County.
Peace in Absentia: Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Voices on Arab-Israeli Normalization
How can peace deals between Israel and the Palestinians be negotiated without Palestinians at the table?
How might Jews who are concerned for both the prosperity of Israel and justice for Palestinians ethically position themselves between the two sides?
What role does religion play in inflaming conflict or promoting peace?
In this December 2020 discussion, panelists explored these important questions and discussed the best path forward for sustainable peace in the region.
Panelists included: Laila El-Haddad, an author, social activist, policy analyst, and journalist; Rev. Mitri Raheb, founder and president of Dar al-Kalima University College of Arts and Culture; Rabbi Brant Rosen of Tzedek Chicago, co-founder, of the Jewish Voice for Peace Rabbinical Council; and Hatem Bazian, co-founder and professor of Islamic law and theology at Zaytuna College and a lecturer in the Departments of Near Eastern and Asian American and Asian Diaspora Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. Charles Powell, an affiliated faculty member at the Ansari Institute and adjunct professor of Muslim-Christian dialogue at Holy Cross College, moderated the discussion.
This conversation was co-sponsored by the University of Notre Dame's Liu Institute for Asia and Asian Studies, Program in Arabic and Middle Eastern Studies, and Department of Classics.
Faith and the Presidency: Perspectives from the Evangelical Christian Community
The American electorate is overwhelmingly polarized, even within members of the same faith communities. Our democracy is being tested not by our disagreements, but by how we manage them. Can we listen to each other with empathy despite our deep disagreements?
In this October 2020 panel discussion, pastors from the born-again, evangelical Christian community spoke on big issues with political and moral implications—everything from inequality and climate change to immigration, abortion, and racism.
Panelist included John Onwuchekwa, pastor of Cornerstone Church; Becky Fischer, founder and director of Kids in Ministry International; and Mike Cramer, senior pastor of New Life Church.
This discussion, co-sponsored by the University of Notre Dame's Department of American Studies and Rooney Center for the Study of American Democracy, explored the complexity and diversity of contemporary evangelical Christian movements in the United States in an atmosphere of civil and respectful dialogue.


Tonight we add an update to our Collector Coins gallery of the two coins given out during Celebration IV. What's that? TWO coins given out? That's right...it seems that at least for a short time on Saturday, fans were handed out the Celebration Europe coin by mistake. While both coins share the same front as the Toy Fair coin, the backs are a little different in that they are either marked with the Celebration IV or Celebration Europe logo.


Barthold Tire Company provides Power Locks Repair services to Gainesville, TX, Bowie, TX, Ft. Worth, TX, and other surrounding areas.
Why Should You Have Power Locks Repair Services Performed at Barthold Tire Company?
We proudly service the Power Locks Repair needs of customers in Gainesville, TX, Bowie, TX, Ft. Worth, TX, and surrounding areas.


text:
Write Mind Resources
The Turntable Teachers
Sid Mason Highlights Mental Health Awareness on "SIC"
by Mike Scarfo
Following the success of his first single in 2021 "DIV", LA-based artist Sid Mason returns with another experimental hip-hop-inspired single titled "SIC". What made "DIV" so uniquely captivating was the song's dark, abrasive sonic undertones and Mason's vibrant, detailed lyricism rejecting the status quos of the music industry, while subsequently manifesting his own journey. Mason's bars were focused, and stoutly commanded the audience's attention.
"SIC" still features elements of experimental vocal samples and synths, but the song's mood is taken in a much more melancholy direction than its predecessor, resulting in a sentimentally emotional aesthetic. The instrumental is deeply layered with its subtle influences of jazzy horns and a smooth keyboard melody. Vocally, Mason still captures profound emotion as he delivers lyricism that focuses on a variety of mental health issues. He addresses depressive feelings of loneliness, comparing his isolation to that of an only child. This isolation he describes is furthered with the sense that it could drive him to create assumptions and insecurities about himself, and that others in his "tribe" may begin to believe them too. Subsequently, he voices his concerns through the opposing viewpoint: what if the people around him are going through these tribulations as well? His realization of a dangerous social dilemma rather than a personal issue suddenly becomes all the more significant.
What could potentially be the cause of this phenomenon? The track introspectively questions the effect that social media can have on our psyche, especially in Gen Z who have largely grown up with the influence of the internet. Mason associates excessive internet use as a cause of the mental health crisis our world currently faces. He argues the allusion social media constructs through warped, unattainable perceptions of beauty as extraordinarily detrimental. In the hook, he aims to "fight back" from the dark space he has spiraled into by focusing on his ambitions. He acknowledges that many have probably felt this way before, as he melodically rhymes "now we feel a way / we still feel the rain / it ain't been the same / I still feel ashamed / don't know who I am". Conceptually, "SIC" proves to be exemplary in achieving relatability amongst the vast majority of us who have suffered from poor mental health on some level. Check out the innovative music video below, directed by Somethin' Good.
"SIC" ends abruptly with a chilling thought, as Mason contemplates who would actually miss him if he was gone, a frequent viewpoint related to people with suicidal tendencies. Because "SIC" is devoid of any larger epiphany or silver lining at the song's conclusion, it emphasizes the severity and timeliness to expose this epidemic. The narrative is ultimately bone-chilling and tough to swallow, but necessary to consider.
"SIC" balances out "DIV" in an impactful way that showcases Sid Mason's ability to adapt to multiple styles. Overall, his second single of 2021 offers a new narrative, glimpsing far beyond who he is as an artist; Mason continues to show his transparency as a human being, while reflecting on societal problems that are in desperate need of reconciliation. Despite the energy level of "SIC" being the antithesis to "DIV", the contrast allows his audience to feel like they are getting to know Sid Mason on not only a personal level, but through his philosophical and psychological beliefs. As he gears up for the release of his upcoming EP, I certainly can't wait to hear how the rest of this story unfolds.
Stream "SIC" on all platforms:
"SIC" by Sid Mason on Spotify
"SIC" by Sid Mason on Apple Music
Follow Sid Mason on Instagram
OTA Le & Owen Create Charismatic New Single"Playa"
Three New Singles Conclude Transformative Year for l.ucas
Faybee Finishes Summer Strong with Two Smash Singles


text:
Chryse () is a name occurring in Ancient Greek geography, reported by ancient authors to have referred to the following places:

Chryse (island), a former island in the Mediterranean where, in Greek mythology Philoctetes was bitten by a snake. This island is underwater now.
Chryse and Argyre, one of a pair of legendary islands in the Indian Ocean said to be made of gold and silver
Chryse, a town mentioned in Homer's Iliad, from which Agamemnon took Chryseis
Chrysē nēsos (Golden Island), an ancient poetical name for the island Thasos, for its gold mines
Chryse, a promontory of Lemnos opposite Tenedos
Chryse (Aeolis), a town of ancient Aeolis, now in Turkey
Chryse (Lesbos), Lesbos, a place in Greece
Chryse (Troad), a town of the ancient Troad, now in Turkey
Chryse, Skyros, a village or place in Ancient Greece
Chryse (Caria), a place in the area of Halicarnassus, now in Turkey
Chryse (Hellespont), located between Ophrynion and Abydos
Chryse (Bithynia), close to Chalcedon
Chryse, Gaidaronisi, an island near Crete
Isle of Chryse, a term in classical antiquity for the Malay peninsula or Sumatra

References

See also
Chrysa, Athens, a section around Pnyx

Former populated places in Greece


text:
The Concrete DailyAll About The Concrete Daily
Asphalt PavingAsphalt RepairConcrete PatioConcrete RepairDriveway PavingDriveway RepairEpoxy FlooringNewsPlaces We Service
Finding a Concrete contractor in Los Angeles
If you're a homeowner in Los Angeles, you know that concrete is a big part of life here. And if you're looking for a reputable contractor to help with your next concrete project, look no further than the trusted experts at our Los Angeles-based company. We have the experience and knowledge to get the job done right, and we're always available to answer any questions. So please don't delay. Give us a call today!
Hiring a concrete contractor in Los Angeles doesn't have to be expensive.
Are you trying to find a concrete contractor in Los Angeles without breaking the bank? Look no further! When you shop around, you don't have to break your budget for concrete contractors in Los Angeles, CA. There are plenty of bargain options that won't sacrifice quality. When you compare different concrete contractors, ask them about their materials, qualifications, and previous customer feedback so that you can hire the concrete contractor with total confidence. Together, it's easy to stay within budget and get the job done right.
You can find many affordable options by doing some research.
Finding commercial concrete contractors in Los Angeles can be pretty challenging - or, at least, it used to be. But with the variety of available information and modern technology, you can find an affordable and reliable provider of commercial concrete services in Los Angeles after just a bit of research. So don't be afraid to look around - a reasonable price tag and quality service are already within your reach!
Be sure to read reviews and compare prices before making your decision.
Making concrete decisions about concrete companies in Los Angeles, CA, can take time and effort. There are so many options to sort through! Make sure you read reviews and compare prices to get the most bang for your buck and find the best concrete contractors Los Angeles offers. Nothing beats being armed with a well-informed evaluation of the concrete services available! Whether tackling a minor concrete repair job or investing in concrete restoration services, do your homework beforehand to ensure that you make an intelligent choice.
Once you've found a contractor you're happy with, schedule a consultation to discuss your project.
Now that you've found the perfect concrete contractor for your project in the Los Angeles area, all that's left to do is schedule a consultation. Think of this as an important date - without it, you would never meet your concrete guy. Oops - concrete contractor. Make sure to come prepared with any questions and ideas that help ensure your concrete dreams become a tangible reality.
After the consultation, you'll receive a written estimate for the work.
A concrete construction project in Los Angeles may seem daunting, but getting started is easy! After you contact a driveway contractor in Los Angeles, they'll take the time to understand your needs and provide honest advice. After their consultation, you'll receive a written estimate for all the work that needs to be completed. This estimate will act as your blueprint for concrete success and help get you toward a unique concrete project!
Once the work is completed, be sure to inspect it and make sure you're satisfied.
Working with Los Angeles concrete companies can be a tricky but rewarding experience. Throughout a construction project, you must ensure you're satisfied with everything a concrete contractor in Los Angeles does for you. After all, it is essential to ensure that all your hard work and investment have been worth it! When a job is completed, it's necessary to go over each detail, from the architecture to the finish, and confirm that it meets the highest standards. Knowing nothing was spared in achieving this ultimate result should be enough to put any doubt at ease!
Hiring a concrete contractor in Los Angeles can be a little expensive. However, you can find many affordable options by researching and reading reviews. Once you've found a contractor you're happy with, schedule a consultation to discuss your project. After the talk, you'll receive a written estimate for the work. Once the work is completed, be sure to inspect it and make sure you're satisfied. If you're looking for an affordable and reputable concrete contractor in Los Angeles, call Glendale Concrete Pros today!
© theconcretedaily.com


text:
Q: Swift OpenWeatherMap API Value of type 'Any' error Hey my swift code gives an error

Value of type 'Any' has no subscripts

in this line
if let weatherArray = jsonObj.value(forKey: "weather") as? NSArray {
print("Type \(weatherArray[0]["main"])")
}

I have no idea how to fix it I tried to search the web but I wasn't albo to find solution
The rest of code
        let session = URLSession.shared
        let weatherURL = url!
        let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: weatherURL) {
        (data: Data?, response: URLResponse?, error: Error?) in
        if let error = error {
            print("Error:\n\(error)")
            }

        else {
            if let data = data {

                let dataString = String(data: data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)
                print("All the weather data:\n\(dataString!)")
                if let jsonObj = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .allowFragments) as? NSDictionary {
                    if let mainDictionary = jsonObj.value(forKey: "main") as? NSDictionary {
                        if let temperature = mainDictionary.value(forKey: "feels_like") {
                            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                                print("Feels like: \(temperature)°C")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if let weatherArray = jsonObj.value(forKey: "weather") as? NSArray {
                        print("Type \(weatherArray[0]["main"])")

                    }

A: if let weatherArray = jsonObj.value(forKey: "weather") as? NSArray {
    print("Type \(weatherArray[0]["main"])")
}

you have to cast your item to NSDictionary again
if let weatherArray = jsonObj.value(forKey: "weather") as? NSArray,
    let inner = weatherArray[0] as? NSDictionary {
        print("Type \(inner["main"])")
}

A: Your weatherArray is an array of uncasted values, similar to [Any]. When you try to evaluate weatherArray[0]["main"], you're referencing the first element of type Any and try to get something with subscript, but Any doesn't implement one so you get an error.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
KENTUCKY POVERTY INITIATIVE INC.
A Kentucky-Based 501(C)(3)
1515 South Third Street
Info@kpiky.org
ALLEVIATING KENTUCKY POVERTY
6 CORE AREAS OF FOCUS
YOUR DONATION WILL HELP ALLEVIATE KENTUCKY POVERTY !!
formerly GFOUNDATION INC.
OFFERING A NEW SERVICE!
URBAN DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANTS
LOUISVILLE KENTUCKY
Assisting Businesses and Individuals Achieve Their Goals Through
INNOVATIVE THINKING SOLUTIONS
To book an appointment click learn more!
GFoundation Media Coverage
From GFoundation Board Chair
Last week President Trump's budget eliminated funding to the Meal-On-Wheels programs that many eligible home-bound seniors have been depending on to stave off hunger by receiving home delivered meals. GFoundation is committed to feeding these most vulnerable seniors as we have been doing during the past year because we believe that as a society we need to take care of our seniors. However, we cannot do this alone. We are asking all Americans to join us to decrease senior hunger by donating TODAY or volunteering to deliver meals.
"Together we will overcome the unwarranted government cuts to Meals on Wheels!"
~ Shiao Woo, MD
GFoundation Press Release
All homebound seniors needing meal delivery service in Louisville will receive it thanks to an exciting new partnership announced by Mayor Greg Fischer today.
The city's traditional Meals on Wheels program, which is part of Louisville Metro Community Services' Senior Nutrition Program, delivers hot meals to more than 400 elderly and disabled adults in Louisville each weekday. But increasing demand for meals, combined with rising costs and declining funding, has created a consistent waiting list of approximately 100 qualified seniors.
The new GMeals-On-Wheels will fill this gap by delivering five, freshly prepared chilled meals weekly to seniors on the Meals-On-Wheels waiting list until a spot in the traditional program opens up.
"A nutritious meal is vital for our seniors," Fischer said. "GMeals-On-Wheels does more than fight hunger by providing a week's worth of meals. It gives about 100 of our most vulnerable citizens peace of mind with a weekly visit. This is a great example of a public/private partnership delivering a healthy dose of compassion.
"GFoundation, a Louisville-based nonprofit, launched the GMeals-On-Wheels program with support from Republic Bank and Yum! Brands Foundation. GFoundation contracts with GMeals, a healthy meal production company in our community, to produce fresh, healthy meals according to medically recommended guidelines.
"GFoundation and the GMeals-On-Wheels program are committed to addressing the issue of senior hunger in the Louisville community and across the state of Kentucky," said John Shaw-Woo, founding board member and committee chair for the GFoundation. "We are proud to partner with the Louisville Metro Senior Nutrition Program and Meals on Wheels to meet the needs of this population."
"We are grateful for this exciting new partnership with GFoundation, which will help many more of our community's seniors stay healthy and safe at home," said Eric Friedlander, director of Louisville Metro Community Services. "More than ever, we must join forces to meet the needs of the fastest growing population in America – the elderly - who want to be able to live at home for as long as they can."
About Louisville Metro Community Services' Senior Nutrition Program
Louisville Metro Senior Nutrition programs are funded, in part, under a contract with KIPDA and the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Cabinet for Health and Family Services with funds from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Louisville Metro Government and private donations from individuals and families. In addition to providing daily meals, staff and volunteers provide individual interaction and attention to homebound and congregant participants.
The Senior Nutrition Program also sponsors more than 20 senior congregate sites for more active seniors, 60 and older. Sites require a one-day advanced reservation. More information Click Here.
The Senior Nutrition Program is always seeking volunteers to help in a variety of capacities, including meal delivery. For more information about volunteering, call (502) 574-6420.
About GFoundation
GFoundation was conceptually created in 2013 by John Shaw-Woo, and in 2015 its executive board was established to focus on the mission of reducing Kentucky poverty associated with hunger, homelessness, mental illness, illiteracy. Today, GFoundation operates two hunger reducing programs focused on homebound seniors and medically-fragile veterans. GMeals-On-Wheels Senior Nutrition Meal Program and The US Veteran Meal Program
Opportunity to Donate
No amount is too small and you'll make a positive impact in someone's life.


ArcadiaLogos is an addon to rapidly spot your closest allies and your sworn enemies, when used in conjunction with player-created logo packs, it identifies friends and enemies when you mouse over them (or optionally target them), by showing a logo based on their guild.
Initially developed for the webcomic conflicts on Dark Iron, the addon is now extensible to any guild or groups of guilds who create a logo pack (Instructions on creating such logo packs are included in the logopacks.txt readme file).
Is there any chance this mod will be updated for BC? I was looking for this mod for a long time after seeing it once and am sad it no longer works. Also I'm with Mazzle on wonderin bout getting the mod to work without mouseover, wish I knew how to code to try n get that going.
To Mazzle: I use your UI keep up the good work. Will soon hopefully be making my own.
Theoretically it IS possible, but only if you have the nameplates for other people enabled(See the code of the latest SCT for hints on how to do it.).
Ooh, for a second I thought this provided a special graphics over people's head at all times, not just on mouseover. If there was a way to do that, imagine the things you could do. But I guess I can understand why Blizzard would not let developers do that.
OMG! So when I mouse over a player I can see a nifty picture as logo?!!! This is awesome... Please give us a website where you/we change guildlogos!!! Any sites you aware of?!!
Yes, there are instructions in a readme with the addon for making your own icon packs, if you have specific Dark Iron/Arcadian guild logos, please email me and I can add them.