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Q: Azure website debugging I understand that I can debug an Azure Web Role using the methods outlined here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/ee405479.aspx
What's the process for debugging a Windows Azure Website?
I'd like to be able to step through code, set breakpoints, ect.

A: The answer is the same as the answer to the question
How to debug (asp.net) website in any shared hosting provider?

*

*Do your exception handling/logging properly

*Use <compilation debug="true" /> while debugging (and only while debugging)

*Enable all and any kinds of error reporting for the website (attached image below)

*[insert here your favorite way of debugging shared hosting site]

A: UPDATE: The Azure portal has changed and the Application Settings blade is being retired.

I think this deserves an updated answer for recent versions of the Azure Management Portal and VS.
This is how I achieved remote debugging for an ASP.Net Core 2.0 API using Visual Studio 2017 Preview 7.1:

*

*Open the Azure Management Portal, browse to your Web App, click Configuration > General Settings, and turn on remote debugging.  Previously it also asked for the VS version but this doesn't seem to be an option any longer, I'm assuming the remote debugging platform now auto-detects (but it may also be the case that VS versions prior to 2015 are no longer supported, see comments below)

*Edit your publishing profile and set the configuration to Debug then republish the API to Azure:

*Set breakpoints in your code

*Open the Server Explorer pane in Visual Studio, and if you're not already connected to Azure with your Microsoft account, connect it.

*Open Azure > App Service > [Resource Group] then right click your web app and select Attach Debugger.  After a bit of configuration, it should attach and (if configured) VS will open a browser to your Azure web app.

*Hit your website/API and your breakpoint should be hit.

Final notes I've collected:

*

*I have noticed that occasionally the "Attach Debugger" option is missing from the menu. It appears that selecting Stop from the menu (wait) then selecting Start is enough to make the option appear again, if stopping the service is an option.  There may be other fixes.

*Some official documentation

*Don't forget to change the configuration on your publishing profile back to Release, and republish the Release version.  Don't use Debug in production.  Thanks @Manfred.

*Avoid long stops at breakpoints (Can anyone explain what the impact of this might be?)

*It appears that after 48 hours, the remote debug feature is automatically turned off (cannot confirm this yet)

A: As per this recent post, this is now possible.
Here are the necessary steps for Visual Studio 2012, taken from that post:

*

*In the Windows Azure Management Portal, go to the Configure tab for
  your web site, and then scroll down to the Site Diagnostics section

*Set Remote Debugging to On, and set Remote Debugging Visual Studio
  Version to 2012

*In the Visual Studio Debug menu, click Attach to Process In the Qualifier box, enter the URL for your web site, without the http:// prefix

*Select Show processes from all users

*When you're prompted for credentials, enter the user name and password that has
  permissions to publish the web site

*

*To get these credentials, go to the Dashboard tab for your web site in the management portal and click Download the publish profile. Open the file in a text editor, and you'll find the user name and password after the first occurrences of userName= and userPWD=.

*When the processes appear in the Available Processes table, select w3wp.exe, and then click Attach

*Open a browser to your site URL. You might have to wait 20 seconds or so while Windows Azure sets up the server for debugging. This delay only happens the first time you run in debug mode on a web site. Subsequent times within the next 48 hours when you start debugging again there won't be a delay.

A: Scott Hanselman recently blogged about this here.
This isn't as nice a setting breakpoints, but having logged information streamed to the console makes debugging slightly less painful.

A: Paul, this might be a step up for you from some of the suggestions above:
"Glimpse is like the FireBug client side debugger, except it's implemented in JavaScript on the client side with hooks in to ASP.NET on the Server Side."
So while it doesn't let you set a breakpoint, at least you can watch the trace occur in real time rather than having to sift through log files.
http://www.hanselman.com/blog/NuGetPackageOfTheWeek5DebuggingASPNETMVCApplicationsWithGlimpse.aspx

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Sunday, February 19, 2017, "Love Forbidden"
(c) Doug Slagle, Minister to the Gathering at Northern Hills, All Rights Reserved
http://gnhuu.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/GNH-Feb-19-2017.mp3
Last Sunday I quoted Leo Tolstoy from his book War and Peace about the true nature of love. It is only real, he wrote, when it is a sacrifice of both soul and body for another. Throughout history people have sacrificed their reputations, freedom, happiness and lives to love whom they wish. Their stories highlight how most societies are often judgmental and discriminate against love between consenting adults that is considered different. Forbidden love is, much like racism or religious intolerance, a serious and ongoing from of bigotry.
Antony and Cleopatra were two such hated lovers. As the preeminent Roman military commander of his time, Antony fell in love with the Egyptian pharaoh Cleopatra. After she moved to Rome to be with him, and after they had a child out of wedlock, Roman public opinion was outraged. A man of aristocratic birth should not marry an ethnically different woman. The Senate stripped Antony of his command and banished them both. Antony and Cleopatra later committed suicide after realizing their relationship was impossible.
Dante Alighieri and Beatrice Portinari were also forbidden lovers. Dante is the famed Italian poet who wrote the classic Renaissance work Divine Comedy. As young adults, they were strongly drawn to one another. They penned passionate love letters to the other and sought to be married. But they were forced by societal rules to remain apart. Arranged marriages were the standard of the time. Dante and Beatrice were engaged by their respective parents to other persons and thus were forbidden by law to be together. Beatrice, three years after marrying another man, died supposedly of a broken heart.
Richard the first, better known as Richard the Lionheart, was undoubtedly homosexual. As a military commander of courage and skill, he was a hero of his day – as he still is in England. Numerous accounts written while he lived, however, indicate he was gay. For many years, he had a young Knight as his lover and he frequently confessed and repented, in public and at church, for what he called "that sin".
Richard later fell in love with King Phillip the second of France. A writer of the time documented in official royal papers that, "They ate every day at the same table and from the same dish, and at night their beds did not separate them. And the king of France loved him as his own soul; and they loved each other so much that King Henry of England, Richard's father, was absolutely astonished at the passionate love between them and marveled at it."
Richard, however, was forced to marry a woman since he wanted to be King. The two never had children and their relationship was said to be strictly formal. Numerous books about Richard, however, still refuse to consider these facts. The Encyclopedia Britannica says that any accounts indicating Richard was homosexual are unproven. That is, of course, true since such a private matter, from nine hundred years ago, cannot be proven beyond doubt. Many in England today, and most members of the British royal family, refuse to acknowledge that the great, courageous and very masculine military King Richard the Lionheart was gay.
A more recent British King was also forbidden to love the person he chose. In 1936, King Edward caused a constitutional crisis in England when he proposed marriage to a divorced American woman named Wallis Simpson. English society was shocked that their Queen might be a divorcee. Parliament considered forbidding the marriage. Winston Churchill condemned it. King Edward then announced on national radio that he would choose love over being King. He abdicated his throne.
Richard and Mildred Loving were not of royal birth, but their forbidden love will also go down in history. Married in Washington DC in 1958, this interracial couple moved back to their Virginia hometown. A month later, at 2 AM one morning, police broke into their home, found them in bed, and arrested them under a 1924 law forbidding marriage between blacks and whites. A judge later found them guilty of a felony and sentenced them to prison. He said, "Almighty God created the races white, black, yellow, malay, and red, and he placed them on separate continents. The fact that he separated the races shows that he did not intend for the races to mix." The judge said he would commute their prison sentence if they left the state – which they did.
In 1963 then Attorney General Robert Kennedy encouraged them to challenge the conviction in court. Two ACLU lawyers took the case. In 1967, in a landmark Civil Rights decision, the Supreme Court ruled in the Loving's favor and struck down all laws forbidding interracial marriage.
In 2016, in another landmark case, Obergefell vs. Hodges, the Supreme Court used the Loving case as legal precedent to rule that laws forbidding same-sex marriage are unconstitutional. Any two adult Americans, the Court essentially ruled, have the right to love and marry as they please.
Tragically, homosexuality is still illegal in 76 countries. Miiro and Imran are Ugandan young men who just last year were arrested while sleeping together. They were dragged through the streets naked. They were evicted from their home. Their belongings were burned and they were thrown in jail.
Imran was later paraded in front of all students at his school while they beat him and yelled horrible names. His mother disowned him in front of the assembly saying he was not worthy to be her son and she preferred him dead rather then alive and gay. To this day, Imran and Miiro live in hiding. Many Ugandan politicians are heavily supported by American Christian evangelical churches and ministers who encourage them to uphold anti-gay laws.
All of these stories beg the question: how can any romantic love between consenting adults be illegal? Whether it be laws or standards against divorced persons remarrying, interracial marriage, or ones against same sex unions, discrimination against different forms of love are usually based on religious beliefs – which are subjective, open to interpretation and not based on reason.
Experts say prejudice toward different forms of love comes from the human propensity to categorize and stereotype others. Throughout history people have stereotyped Jews, blacks, Asians, homosexuals, the divorced, the other abled, the overweight, senior citizens, and now the transgendered. By categorizing people into different groups based on appearance, or whether they conform to specific standards of behavior, societies determine who is a part of the "in-group". We socially discriminate because of our desire to elevate ourselves, or our group, over another. That's precisely the reason why Ta-Nehisi Coates in his book Between the World and Me says whites created the concept of race – so they could categorize people, make themselves superior, and thus diminish all others.
Logically and scientifically, such discriminations toward different variations of love make no sense. People fall in and out of love all the time. Others are victims of a spouse who leaves them. Should a divorced person be any different from another?
Same sex attraction has been documented in over 500 different animal species – it is a common part of nature. Even more, it has been accepted and approved within many human civilizations – from ancient Greece to the Mayan culture where homosexuality was the approved form of love.
Discrimination against interracial unions makes even less sense especially given what science has proven. Genetically, as shown by the mapping of human DNA, all people are virtually the same. Every human shares 99.9% of genes. We are biologically all the same. Any differences between people are based on subjective categories societies create. Furthermore, humans have engaged in procreation with people of different ethnicities and skin colors for thousands of years. There is no single person who is therefore of so-called pure heritage. We are all, even white supremacists, human mixtures.
The right to love whom one wishes is a basic right – one implicitly codified in the U.S. Declaration of Independence that all people have the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Since giving and receiving love is both a basic freedom, and a path to happiness, it is therefore a logical inalienable right.
It's also a spiritual right embodied in the Golden Rule to treat others equal to how oneself wishes to be treated. Reason tells us that when I allow you the choice to love whom you wish – that is equal to the same wish I have to love whom I choose. I should extend to you the same right I want for myself. Jesus said this Golden Rule is the foundation of ALL morality. Buddha, the Quran, the Torah, the Hindu Upanishads, Native American wisdom, and Confucian ethics all promote the Golden Rule.
This idea gets at the heart of empathy. If I purposefully try to understand your romantic attractions, I'll realize they are essentially the same as mine. As I said, we all want the same thing. We want to love someone else and we want someone else to love us. Spiritually, ethically and rationally, it makes no difference which consenting adult we choose to love.
Unitarian Universalists have always been at the forefront of advocacy for human rights. As we all know, UU's were leading abolitionists, proponents of gender equality, Civil Rights activists and gay rights advocates. UU's now – very, very tentatively – support ALL alternative love expressions between consenting adults – ones like polyamory. There is a UUA sanctioned group called Unitarian Universalists for Polyamorous Awareness. This group seeks to educate and advocate for the rights of adults to love, if they wish, multiple other consenting adults at the same time. That advocacy does not extend to legal marriage like polygamy, but it does uphold the ideal of which I speak: Any form of romantic love between consenting adults, that does not harm another, should never, never be stigmatized or forbidden.
That fundamentally means that persons who engage in alternative forms of love are to be respected like all others. There is nothing negative about their character or basic goodness. Romantic love defines our common humanity. Any love for another person uplifts the giver and bonds him or her to all that is true and sacrificial in the universe. Expressed toward any adult who willingly receives it, love is never wrong. Love is love is love.
I imagine most of us have experienced some form of discrimination in our lives. Some of us have felt intolerance on extremely cruel levels. The hurts I've felt from bigotry, as a gay man, does begin to compare with that felt by women, people of color or Jews and Muslims. But that fact does not make the pain I've felt any less real.
It hurt deeply when I came out – and the previous congregation I loved served for many years – turned its back on me. Revealing one small piece of my identity – whom I wish to love – suddenly made me evil and grotesque – even though I was still the person I'd always been. Fellow ministers said God hated me and that I was going to hell. Close friends, persons whom I'd officiated at their marriages or their parents' funerals, or sat with while they recovered from serious illness, they rejected me. As I said, they have a right to their personal life choices about love, but do they have a right to judge the content of my character based strictly on supposed standards of whom I should or should not love?
No. And neither do any of us. I still choke up when I remember the first day I walked into the former Gathering. At a time when I had rejected all forms of spirituality, when I believed them all to be hypocritical and often hateful, at the Gathering I was immediately surrounded by people who took interest in me as a person. They expressed love and support for me in ways I'd rarely felt. I'll never forget that open-armed acceptance.
I felt the same thing when I first began coming here two and a half years ago. I believe it was my fourth Sunday as a guest minister here when I told my story as a part of the message – including my coming out experiences. Afterwards, many of you, whom I barely knew at the time, hugged me after the service and assured me I was in a welcoming place.
May we always be a welcoming congregation. May we make our homes, schools and workplaces the same. As enlightened individuals, let's never judge others based on whom or how they love. Instead, I pray we simply celebrate the fact that they DO love. Quite simply, let's celebrate the noble ideal of love in general – however it is shown.
I wish you all much peace and joy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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MIPTV 2019 launches 8K programme screenings
March 7, 2019 10.48 Europe/London By Robert Briel
MIPTV 2019 will be launching the world's first programme of 8K content screenings on Tuesday, 9 April, in the Palais des Festivals, Cannes.
The industry is rapidly moving forward on new broadcast standards. Major Japanese broadcasters started 4K and 8K transmissions on broadcast satellite from 1 December last year. NHK is broadcasting a full range of programmes 12 hours a day in the very latest 8K Ultra-High Definition standard. On 19 February, Italy's public broadcaster RAI announced it would start regular 8K transmissions with the Tokyo Olympics in 2020.
This is the very first time that such a collection of extraordinary 8K footage has been assembled.
NHK will screen segments from their Two Hour Tour series of city visits (real-world Japanese visitors usually spend two hours at each attraction). The Palais of Versailles (a co-production between NHK and the Château of Versailles) will be showcased. NHK has also looked closely at its archive and MIPTV delegates will see a digitally-remastered 8K version of Hollywood musical My Fair Lady, captured from the original 70mm master.
Also being screened in 8K is music content from France's Paramax Films including a musical tribute to Michel Legrand, as well as a new film (provisionally titled Music Hole). In addition, 8K footage from Italy's Magnitudo Film will be available. The USA's K2 Studios will present Volcanoes, and their Rocky Mountain Express (initially shot for large-screen cinemas) in 8K. Japanese broadcaster Wowow will show clips from locally produced version of Cold Case in 8K.
Director and cinematographer Peter Chang (Golden Gate 3D) will showcase his latest UHD 8K resolution output including Cuba (shot for BBC Earth and Giant Screen Films) and San Francisco Flow. Saint Thomas Productions, which regularly use 8K for their factual and documentary output are just back from filming the spectacular eruption of Anak Krakatoa. NASA TV will also screen 8K footage captured from the International Space Station in 8K.
Kansai-TV will showcase their 8K drama To Make which has won many awards including New York Film Festival Short Film category.
The 8K screenings will take place in the Sony UHD Theatre of the Palais des Festivals, Cannes.
Filed Under: MIP TV, Newsline Tagged With: 8K, Cannes, MIPTV 2019, NHK Edited: March 7, 2019 10:48
About Robert Briel
Arnhem-based Robert covers the Benelux, France, Germany, Austria and Switzerland as well as IPTV, web TV, connected TV and OTT. Email Robert at rbriel@broadbandtvnews.com.
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text:
Climate on the global scale presents a bewildering variety and has provided would-be classifiers with a challenge for more than a century. The most generally accepted classifications reflect the close links that exist between vegetation and climate. A system in wide use today is that of W. Köppen (1846–1940), a German biologist who devoted most of his life to climatic problems and modified his own system many times before he was satisfied with it. The Köppen system of classification recognizes five major climatic categories, each quite distinct. These are equatorial and tropical rain climates, dry climates, temperate climates of the (mainly) broadleaf forest zone, humid cold climates and polar climates. Each category is defined in terms of temperature and some in terms of rainfall too. Köppen also devised additional symbols for times of year in which most rain falls and other climatic qualities that affect the growth of vegetation. The map locates the hot, wet tropical rain forests of South America, Africa and the Far East. Farther away from the equator the world's great deserts, dominated by the Sahara, straddle subtropical latitudes and the edges of the tropics, as a result of the stable high pressures there. The deserts are more evident in the Northern than in the Southern Hemisphere, mainly because of the extensive southern oceans. Nearer the poles, a mosaic pattern of mid-latitude climates occurs. This is less complex over the huge continental areas of Siberia and North America, particularly in tundra and boreal regions. The extreme polar and highland climates (dissimilar but with common features) occupy smaller areas.
Fig 1. The seasons are primarily controlled by the rotation of the earth round the sun and the inclination of the Earth's axis to the plane of rotation. Inclination of 23.5° means that the Sun is directly over the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) on 22 June and over the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S) on 22 December. At the equinoxes, 21 March and 23 September, the sun is over the equator. The Sun's apparent movement is accompanied by a similar shift in belts of pressure and wind.
Fig 2. Polar climates, as in Arctic Bay (A), are very cold and dry. Only three months of summer are frost-free (B). There is little precipitation but much surface water due to poor drainage and low evaporation.
Fig 3. A Mediterranean climate is typified by Rome (A) and its environs (B), with hot, dry summers and warm, moist winters. Similar latitudes, of western USA, South America and Australia, enjoy similar climates.
Fig 3. Hot deserts, near Timbuktu (A) for example, show little annual vari4tion of temperature but extreme monthly variation (B). The scarce rainfall occurs as a result of convectional summer storms.
The climate of an area is its characteristic weather considered over a long period. Climate depends first on latitude, which determines whether an area is hot or cold and how strongly marked are its seasons. It depends also on the moving air masses that prevail in the area; these may be purely local in origin or they may have moved into the area from several hundred kilometers away, bringing cooler or warmer, wetter or drier conditions with them. Climate is also influenced by the relative distribution of land and sea, high ground and low, and the presence nearby of forests, lakes, valleys, glaciers and many other physical factors.
On a world scale, macroclimates is defined primarily in terms of temperature and rainfall and the world can be divided into large climatic zones on this basis. On a smaller scale, humidity, wind strength, aspect in relation to the sun and other local features determine local climate. On an even smaller scale, microclimate refers to the conditions in a particular woodland or under a particular stone.
Climates are defined on different scales, ranging from macroclimates which cover the broad climatic zones of the globe, down to microclimates which refer to the conditions in a small area such as a wood or a field.
Köppen classification of climates
One of the most commonly used systems for classifying climates is that of Vladimir Köppen, published in 1884 (see top illustration). In it there are five categories (A, B, C, D, E), broadly defined as follows:
A Equatorial and tropical rainy climates;
B Arid climates;
C Warmer forested (temperate) climates;
D Colder forested (temperate) climates; and
E Treeless polar climates.
These categories correspond to a great extent to zoning by latitude; this is because the closer to the equator an area is, the more direct the sunlight it receives and the less the amount of atmosphere through which that sunlight must pass. Other factors are the rotation of the Earth on its axis (diurnal differences) and the revolution of Earth about the Sun (seasonal differences).
Climates by latitude
The range of climates can also be broadly grouped under three headings, according to latitude. Tropical climates are hot and dominated by equatorial air masses throughout the year. Temperate climates of the mid-latitude zone are variable, dominated alternately by subtropical and sub-polar air masses, and usually seasonal. Polar climates of high latitudes are uniformly cold, under the continuous control of sub-polar and polar air masses and strongly seasonal.
Polar climates
Nearly the poles are climatic regions controlled by polar masses (Fig 2). Despite brief, sunny summers they tend to be cold and dry throughout the year. The broad boreal zone is forested, the tundra zone supports shrubs, rough grassland and mosses. The true polar climate, which covers the northern fringes of Canada, Europe and Asia and the whole of the Antarctic continent, is generally too cold and dry to support any but the most meagre and hardy vegetation. The coldest regions of the Northern Hemisphere lie in the heartlands of northern Canada and northeastern Siberia, where winter temperatures fall well below -30°C (-22°F). On the high polar plateau of Antarctica summer temperatures are about -30°C (-22°F), while winter temperatures average -70°C (-94°F) or lower.
Geological evidence suggests that the modern situation in which different parts of the globe have certain well-defined climatic patterns is unusual. In past ages climates tended to be fairly even over most of the earth's surface. For example, the Permian period 280 million years ago was characterized by extensive desert areas over most of the continents and Jurassic sediments 195 million years old show evidence of warm, wet conditions in most places. The present pattern may be due, in part, to the fact that the earth is still recovering from the last Ice Age.
Tropical climates
Because of constant daily sunshine, equatorial and tropical regions are warm throughout the year and the moving air masses that affect them are also warm. The wettest regions lie in a belt of shallow depressions and convection formed where the trade winds meet. This belt shifts north and south seasonally on either side of the equator, but temperatures vary only slightly and rainfall is fairly steady throughout the year. Monsoon climates of India, Southeast Asia and China occur where seasonal winds blow from almost opposite directions; warm, moist winds alternate with warm, dry ones, giving cloudy, wet "summers" and drier "winters". Dry tropical climates occur in broad zones on either side of the equator between latitudes 15° and 30°. These are anticyclonic areas of warm, dry air, where cloudless skies bring strong sunshine and little rain except in rare torrential thunderstorms.
An equatorial climate, like that of Manaus in Central Amazonia for example, is typified by high, constant temperature throughout the year and very heavy rainfall. There is no dry season, although the level of rainfall may vary from time to time..
Temperate climates and their features
The middle latitudes of both hemispheres are battlegrounds where warm subtropical and cool sub-polar air masses jostle for position. The day-to-day battle-lines are the warm and cold fronts of the weather charts, which tend to occur along broad frontal zones. On the equatorial side of these zones warm air is present for most of the time. The zones shift north and south with the seasons so that an area such as the south of France may bask reliably in subtropical air throughout the summer but suffer occasional droughts of cold sub-polar air in winter. On western flanks of the continents in the warmer zone the air tends to be dry, bringing hot, dry summers and mild, damper winters – the Mediterranean climate of California, southwestern Australia and the eastern Mediterranean itself. Eastern flanks of the continents draw moist, unstable air from over the sea; they tend to be warm all year, with frequent thunderstorms in summer.
In higher latitudes, farther from tropical influences, cool sub-polar air masses prevail. A procession of cyclones or depressions, swinging eastwards round the earth, brings moist maritime air to the western flanks of North America and Europe. Britain and western Canada stand in prevailing southwesterlies, giving mild, cloudy and damp conditions in winter and summer alike. Alternating air masses from the eastern continents bring cold, clear winter and hot, dry summer weather, and air from the north is usually cold and crisp. Central and eastern regions of the continents tend to be drier, with colder winters and hotter summers.
Climates by region
Continental climate
A continental climate is a type of climate found in the interior of large continents, that is, hot summers with convectional rainfall and very cold, dry winters, with only light falls of snow. Summer temperatures are about 20°C (68°F), and winter temperatures are -10°C to -20°C (14°F to -4°F) in the coldest month. Total annual precipitation is about 500 mm (20 in). The natural vegetation consists of grassland. Areas of continental climate are found in Poland and Hungary, and on the steppes of Russia, and the prairies of North America. In the Southern Hemisphere there are no areas of real continental climate because the land masses are relatively narrow, so that oceanic influences are present throughout.
A continental climate is found in Calgary, Canada. Temperatures there are high in summer and low in winter; annual precipitation is low. This type of climate supports grasslands and cereal crops.
Maritime climate
A maritime climate is a climate that is strongly influenced by proximity to the sea. Britain has a maritime climate, which means that it has mild climate for its latitude. Oceans warm up more slowly than land, because the heat of the Sun is spread out through a great depth of water and because ocean currents allow the heat to move vertically as well as horizontally. However, oceans also retain heat for much longer than land. For this reason, climatic conditions near an ocean tend to be much warmer in winter and slightly cooler in summer than in inland areas at the same latitudes. In addition to the effects on temperature, the sea also influences precipitation, which is greater than in inland locations.
The Canadian city of Vancouver has a mid-latitude maritime climate, with warm summers and mild winters. Monthly temperature ranges are greater in summer, precipitation is highest in winter.
The maritime climate in Britain is most marked in the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall, where the average temperature in winter is about 7°C (45°F) – about the same as the Mediterranean coat of France. In the summer, the temperature averages 16°C (61°F), and the total annual rainfall is about 800 mm (32 in). Moving eastwards into Europe, along similar latitudes, the climate gradually changes to a continental climate, such as that in Germany, where the corresponding figures would be about 0°C (32°F), 19°C (66°F), and 550 mm (22 in).
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate (Fig 3) is a type of climate associated with the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, but also found in southern California, central Chile, and parts of Australia. Summers are hot and sunny, averaging 25°C (77°F) or more; winters are mild, ranging from 5°C to 15°C (41°–57°F). Summers are very dry but winters can be quite wet, with up to 600 mm (24 in) of rainfall, some of which come as thunderstorms at the end of the summer.
Branches of climatology
Climatology is the study of Earth's climates. Physical climatology investigates the relationships between temperature, pressure, winds, precipitation, and other weather phenomena. Regional climatology considers latitude and other geographical factors, e.g., the influence of large land masses in the climatic study of a particular place or region.
Climate modeling is the use of a computer to simulate Earth's climate. Physical data, such as temperature, pressure, wind direction, and so on are manipulated mathematically by a powerful computer to give a model of Earth's whole climatic system. Researchers can vary various parameters to see what changes occur. In this way they can study the effects of the greenhouse effect and global warming, or what would happen if there was a significant change in the amount of radiation from the Sun. Such modeling can be limited by scientists' understanding of the key factors controlling climates.
ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA
David Darling 2016©


text:
Posts Tagged 'Fatima'
Mono-idolatry (monolatry) or monotheism?
Posted by: adonis49 on: November 4, 2009
In: Essays | philosophy | religion/history
Mono-idolatry (monolatry) or monotheism? (Nov. 6, 2009)
Monotheism is a totally abstract concept that no human was yet able to feel physically loyal to a one, all-encompassing God.
The reality is that people are more inclined to be loyal to a saint, a shrine, or an honored Imam, or apostle.
People have need to use their senses to get connected to a spiritual entity: you cannot expect human to think exclusively of an abstract notion without the intermediary of their senses of seeing a representative picture, of smelling incense, of touching a bust, or of listening to a hymn.
I noticed that my dad, at each pass in front of the Virgin Mary or Mar Charbel (a national Saint), has to touch these pictures in the house with his index, kiss his index, and then sign the cross. Dad is 85 years old and has refrained attending mass for years.
Mother is also devoted to the Virgin and all the national female saints such as Rafqa; she never misses an occasion to get in the car or a bus going to pay tributes to shrines; she pay money for the Saint that she has Not, so that the church make "good" use of it; obviously, Mar Charbel is in her pantheon too, along with the newly beatified Hardini. It is interesting that most "miracles" occur at election times.
In all ages, whether a religion claim to be monotheist or polytheist people end up selecting a particular idol to pay allegiance to and write ex-votos to Him in order to be cured, enjoy prosperity, safety to the family, and safe travels.
Indeed, people are loyal idolaters to whom they perceive to be pretty much handy, accessible, and an excellent intermediary to the One God.
For example, in Latin America people are loyal to the Virgin Mary and cannot think of any other Saint to turn to in time of distress; thus, St. Mary of (name a city or a village), or the Virgin of (name a city or a town) and you have hundreds of Virgin Marie, tailored made to a specific locality, ready to come to the rescue.
The Greek Orthodox Church cannot think of more than two female saints to name girls at baptism ceremonies: it must be either Mary or Elizabeth; as for male kids you have an assortment of complicated and long Greek saints with plenty of X and Ch.
In Muslim Egypt and generally in North Africa, you have St. Fatima, Aicha, Ali, Hussein, the Imam of the legal sect, or the shrine of the veneered Sheikh of a locality is paid more attention and visits to any other worshiping figures.
Pictures of Muslim saints are prohibited in public places or in mosques but that do not prevent homes to hang pictures of their preferred saint as relevant to current standards of beauty for both genders.
There is this myth that the Jewish religion is the first to adopt monotheism; it is just a myth.
Ancient civilizations were never monotheists; they all had an overall God, nominally superior to the other demigods but that nobody paid much attention to or prayed to Him or even remembered asking his help in ex-votos.
El was the all-encompassing God in the Middle East as was Allah in the Arabian Peninsula or Zeus for the Greeks but He never generated a dime to tribes that had exclusive rights to his worship.
People converged to more palpable and understandable demigods and cities and towns adopted one of them as symbol and recognition of their trades or power.
In general, more weight was given to the "messengers of a God" (they were written in plural) than to a specific God.
Yahweh (God of thunder and war) was always one of the Gods to the Jews after Moses but might have converged to be the unique God to the Jews in Judea in the second century BC.
Many of Canaan demigods were far more beneficial and interesting than this newly created Yahweh that came into the picture during war periods. Then, Jewish mercenaries were asked to support Baal under the banner of the dusted off Temple and bust of Yahweh.
Salomon worshipped Ashtarout (the Goddess of Sidon of Lebanon) and Baal had many Temples in Jerusalem while Yahweh had only a small one.
One common denominator to all salafist or extremist religious sects (Christian, Jewish, Muslims, or cults) is being totally peeved and obfuscated that the One True God is being sidetracked for substitutes.
Joshua offered the Jews choices of keeping Yahweh as sole God or accepting other demigods.
When the Jews decided to keep exclusively a "tribal" God, then Joshua ordered all strangers' Gods destroyed.
In ancient time, destroying the bust of a God didn't mean that he no longer existed but that the local God was to be more efficient to the survival of the tribe or community.
When the Prophet Muhammad entered Mecca without a fight he ordered all the 160 idols destroyed or effaced (pictures) save two: Allah and the Virgin Mary.
Mary was not bestowed virginity at all, but she was veneered as the mother of the latest great prophet Jesus (Issa).
In Islam, idols were no longer Gods and never existed as was the case in ancient cultures. The early Protestants erased pictures and destroyed busts of all Saints except crucified Jesus.
For the Protestants, erasing pictures of Saints didn't mean that Saints didn't exist but they were not that worthy to be worshiped and supplant God through interceding.
The most honest monotheists were the "heretic" Christian sects that the Orthodox Christian Church during the Byzantine Empire persecuted relentlessly.
Most of these sects would not even bestow a divine nature to Jesus and Marie was not virgin by any means; no pictures or drawings were permitted for any Saints.
The farthest that these sects could indulge in is to veneer the apostle whom they claimed to have written the "true" Testament they adopted and read in.
I have noticed that centralized churches promote many saints with pictures and busts; it is a tactic to please the people so that it may enjoy total control over their temporal existence.
These centralized churches inherited pagan religions and aided a lot to that widespread propagation of multiple idols for each locality.
Decentralized religions have no urge to promoting idols and pictures such as in Islam: it is the temporal power at every state that appoints clerics, Imams, and sheiks.
I don't see why all that fuss for monotheism.
If a few tribes still refuse to believe that it is earth rotating around the sun or that earth is flat why then submerge them with an extra abstract notion?
Killing and committing suicide attacks in the name of a God is not an abstract act; this does not mean that human mind cannot reach a level of distortion that far surpasses the mere abstraction of a One God, creator of man and the universe.
Tags: "heretic" Christian sects, adonis, adonis49, Aicha, Ali, Ashtarout, Baal, books, Egypt, Fatima, Hardini, history, humor, Hussein, islam, Latin America, lebanon, Mar Charbel, Mar Rafqa, miracles, Mono-idolatry (monolatry) or monotheism?, monolatry, NaBloPoMo, politics, Prophet Mohammad, religion, social, sociology, Virgin Mary, women, writing, Yahweh
Islam: Triumphal return to Mecca (Part 3)
Posted by: adonis49 on: February 2, 2009
In: politics/finance Today | religion/history
Islam: Triumphal return to Mecca (Part 3, February 1, 2009)
Mohammad had a dream while sleeping with Aicha that he shaved his head and performed the pilgrimage to Al Kaaba (Black Stone) in Mecca. Aicha encouraged him and Muhammad left Medina with 700 unarmed men to Mecca with his wise and matured wife Um Salama instead of Aicha. The favorite camel of Muhammad named Qaswa parked in Hudaybiya, close to Mecca, and would not move any further. Qaswa was the same camel that selected the location for the Prophet's house and the Mosque in Yathreb. The Kuraichi's tribes sent delegations and they reached a ten-year non-belligerence treaty with a promise that Muhammad would be permitted pilgrimage next year.
Although Muhammad was not allowed to enter Mecca, he wanted to perform the rites in Hudaybiya but the Companions refused. Um Salama then encouraged Muhammad to perform the sacred rituals and shaved Muhammad's head and he slaughtered his sacrificial camel; then the believers hurried to follow suit and the party returned to Medina sanctified.
Mohammad conquered the fortified Jewish town of Khibar, North West of Madina in the year 630. The lands were turned over to Mohammad and his closest Companions and the Jews agreed to relinquish their treasures and to cultivate the land as serfs for 50% on the return for their subsistence. Um Salama escorted the Prophet in this raid and recounted to the harem that a Jewish girl roasted a lamb for Muhammad that was poisoned; when asked why she poisoned the lamb she replied: "You killed my father, brother, and husband. If you are a King then good riddance; if you are a Prophet then you must discover the plot." The girl was not punished for the rational that she will spread her conviction that Mohammad is indeed a prophet for discovering that the food was poisoned.
Mohammad married Safiya, a Jewish beauty and of high grace from Khaibar who was married to a brute of a husband that died during the battle. Um Salama said that Mohammad liked his new wife very much: he didn't wait the customary 40 days grievance and married her on the way back to Medina and spent four whole days and nights with Safiya. With virgins, the husbands spend 7 whole days and nights! Aicha thought that Um Salama could have spared her so much anxiety.
Mohammad married Um Habiba, the daughter of Abu Suffyan, his arch enemy of Kuraich; she was one of the first Moslem converts to flee to Ethiopia after the Kuraich persecutions. Muhammad married Maria, a Coptic slave sent as gift by Egypt's Christian Governor. Maria became immediately the concubine of the Prophet until she converted to Islam and he spent most of his time with Maria, raising a revolt within his harem. Maria gave Muhammad a male son called Ibrahim who also died at age of two as his first son Qassem with Khadija,
Aicha took a definite advantage over the remaining wives. Prominent dignitaries who wanted to offer the Prophet gifts learned that the best moments were when Muhammad was with Aicha. Aicha thus enjoyed the best fabrics and gifts and the other wives revolted again wanting fair distribution of the gifts. Mohammad told Um Salama that his revelations descend when he is with Aicha, but the revolt went on and the Prophet decided to retreat from his harem for a whole month, sending fear and frustration in the community of the believers. After a month, Mohammad revealed a message placing men as superior to women and admonishing wives to obey their husband, and permitting husbands to punish their wives if they disobeyed. Mohammad re-conquered his authority in the harem; wives had to pay the price of this revolt for centuries after.
In 630 or the 8th year of Mohammad emigration to Yathreb, the Prophet assembled ten thousand fighters for his pilgrimage to the Kaaba and entered Mecca and destroyed the pagan Gods and became the uncontested leader of all the tribes in the Arabia peninsula. The prophet's arch enemy Abu Suffian converted to Islam before the troops of the Moslems entered Mecca. The famous Hind, wife of Abu Sufian, reluctantly converted to Islam. Hind is the woman who opened the chest of Muhammad's uncle Hamza in the Battle of Ohud; she ate raw Hamza's liver in order to avenge her father's death in the battle of Badr; Hamza had killed Hind's father in a singular fight before the battle of Bard and had also killed her two "masked" younger brothers ten years ago in Mecca. Hind secluded herself in one room for the duration of two years.
The 360 idols were destroyed and the prophet kept the same old worshiping ceremony at the Black Stone with different connotations to the meanings in the procession. The Persian Salman had fled Yathrib incognito back to Mecca. Salman was the official scribe to Muhammad who got suspicious with the increased rate of rules issued every day to organize and manage the lives of the Moslem followers. Salman had started experimenting and tampering with the verses recited to him by the Prophet and then he realized that Muhammad was about to find him out.
The poet Al Aasha took refuge in the famous whorehouse called the "Curtain House" or Hijab for over two years. The Prophet had taken the suggestion of Abu Sufian not to close the Curtain House right away because the conversions of the citizens of Mecca were at best skin-deep. The poet Al Aasha had suggested to the Matron of the House that each one of the 12 whores emulate one of the Prophet's wives in name and in historical incarnation. Business was brisk and the 12 whores then got the crazy idea of asking the blinding poet to marry them all as the Prophet did.
Mohammad married Maymouna, a relative of both tribes of Abi Taleb and Hashim to the fainting and shock of the harem. A revelation descended that the messenger is allowed all the women he desires. Besides his nine wives, Muhammad had two concubines, Maria and Rihana, and uncounted numbers of women who wanted to offer themselves to him to gain Paradise. Once, Fatima told the harem that her husband Ali wanted to take another wife and she intervened with the Prophet and Ali refrained to carry out his desires. Aicha was beside herself to learn that Fatima, the plain woman and not as educated as she, could enjoy one husband and generate four offspring, two of them males. Aicha realized that she could not get pregnant with all her gained expertise.
The Prophet's adoptive son Zaid was killed at a battle in the north against the Byzantium Empire. Muhammad organized an army of 30,000 fighters in the year 631, recruited from all over Arabia and marched to Tabuk, a city within the Syrian borders, to avenge the death of his adoptive son Zaid; he took Aicha with him on this campaign. The Governor of Syria didn't deign to challenge the Prophet for a battle. Muhammad returned to Medina after securing many treaties with the neighboring tribes and oasis in Syria. The whole of Arabia was converting to Islam.
Ibrahim, the son of Mohammad from Maria and aged 18 months, died. The Prophet cried and lamented, a behavior which was not the custom of the male believers. The Prophet went on pilgrimage to Mecca the next year with 30,000 pilgrims and the entire harem went this time. Mohammad gave a speech alluding that it might be his last pilgrimage. The prophet closed the Curtain House. The whore girls were incarcerated. For 12 days, the former polemist Al Aasha would show up in front of the prison and recite wonderful and touching love odes to each one of his wives. The guards finally realized that the names corresponded to the Prophet's wives and the poet was taken prisoner. The girls were stoned to death.
During the trial, the public would not believe Al Aasha's story and thought that he was jesting which aggravated the Prophet's mood who said "In the old days you mocked the Recitation; then too these people enjoyed your mockery. Now you succeed in bringing the worst out of the people" Before being decapitated Al Aasha said to Muhammad "Whores and writers Muhammad; we are the people you can't forgive." The Prophet replied "Writers and whores, I see no difference here." (Extracted from Salman Rushdi's manuscript)
When the Prophet Muhammad died Hind wore all her jewelry and ordered a sumptuous banquet and invited the citizens of Mecca. No one shared the banquet with her, not even her husband. Hind said "I cannot change the course of history but revenge is so sweet!"
Shortly after his return to Medina Muhammad suffered from terrible headaches; he asked Abu Bakr to preach in his place when he was bed ridden. Muhammad was mortally sick for at least a month and he knew his days were counted because Angel Gabriel gave him a choice between this world and the Other World and the Prophet opted for the Other World. Muhammad had time to think about the succession of power and the appropriate processes but no revelations were forthcoming. The Prophet dies on June 8 in the year 632. The prophet Muhammad was 63 years old.
The tribal spirit was to dominate the political landscape, the same spirit that Muhammad intended to re-direct toward a Unique God and unite the "Umma". The Arab and Moslem World were tribal in structure and ended up with a caste system when the newly converted Central Asian tribes overpowered the Kuraich tribal rights for leadership.
The remaining direct blood family of the Prophet consisted of his two grandsons Hassan and Hussein, and his two grand daughters from his daughter Fatima and her husband Ali (his nephew). The prophets three other daughters Zainab, Rukaya, and Oum Kulthum had died; I have no information so far if they left any offspring.
Tags: abi taleb, adonis, adonis49, Aicha, Ali, biography, clan, Fatima, Hassan, history, humor, Hussein, Ibrahim, islam, Jewish, Khibar, Kureich, mecca, Medina, Muhammad, politics, prophet, religion, social, Sufyan, tribe, writing, Yathreb, Zainab
The Near East Dilemma: Discussion


The Startrack Dolly offers the user a multi-purpose dolly that can be transported very easily. The construction of the frame makes use of special steel tubing, keeping the weight down without compromising stability. The platform size makes it possible to travel through most passages. The dolly fold up into an easy carry bag, and is very handy for the travelling cameraman. Egripment's STARTRACK dolly comes complete with a pull handle and carrybag.


From balafon players in the laidback town of Bobo-Dioulasso to masters of horsemanship further north - plus internationally recognised film, jazz, hip hop and craft festivals - landlocked Burkina Faso, in the heart of west Africa, has something to offer everyone. This new edition of the only English-language guidebook to Burkina Faso leads visitors on camel safaris from desert markets to dramatic waterfalls and spectacular sandstone rock formations, past the extraordinary architecture of 16th-century Mossi, Lobi stone ruins and Koro's hillside caves. Sports fans can even witness the cycling race, Tour du Faso, in this magical country, one of Africa's best-kept secrets.


North Carolina Governor Roy Cooper said: "This system is unloading epic amounts of rainfall, in some places measured in feet and not inches".
In New Bern, a riverfront city near North Carolina's coast, Bryan Moore and his nephew Logan did exactly what authorities warned against: they left their homes to go swimming in the floodwaters after having spent days at home without electricity or running water.
With flood waters advancing rapidly in many communities, around 50 stranded people had been airlifted out by helicopter in North Carolina, said Petty Officer Michael Himes of the US Coast Guard.
Three died in one inland county, Duplin, because of water on roads and flash floods, the sheriff's office said. Another person was arrested for allegedly looting an Exxon gas station and convenience store.
At 5 am Sunday, Florence was about 20 miles (35 kilometers) southwest of Columbia, South Carolina. Some other parts of SC could see rainfall totals of up to 15 inches, forecasters said. The previous record was 24 inches (61 cm), set by Hurricane Floyd, which killed 56 people in 1999, said Bryce Link, a meteorologist with private forecasting service DTN Marine Weather.
Authorities ordered the immediate evacuation of up to 7,500 people living within a mile of a stretch of the Cape Fear River and the Little River. The woman called for help, but died of a heart attack because emergency crews were unable to reach her because of trees that had fallen in the road.
Two more people were killed in Lenoir County, NC. Parts of southeastern North Carolina could see up to 40 inches before the rain ends Monday.
A 61-year-old woman died in SC when the vehicle she was driving hit a fallen tree on Highway 18 near Union, The Associated Press reported. Six people died in SC, including four in vehicle accidents and two from carbon monoxide from a portable generator.
Tropical Storm Florence is expected to weaken into a depression soon but flash flooding and major river flooding are expected to continue over significant portions of the Carolinas. That will bring additional water to the already-soaked states as well as additional threats like possible landslides near the Appalachians and electrocution threats with downed power lines.
Torrential rain from Florence is now causing rapid rises in area rivers.
Downgraded to a Tropical Storm, its core is now drifting westward over SC, threatening more flash floods and major river flooding. During Matthew, it reached 58 feet. Right on the coast, though, Mr. Yando said the flood water definitely can be unsafe.
Kevin Knox and his family were rescued by boat from their flooded brick home with the help of Army Sergeant Johan Mackie, whose team used a phone app to locate people in distress.
"This is for real", Mayor Mitch Colvin said during the press conference.
"Right now, we are thinking that there will tens of thousands of homes that are going to be damaged", he said.
The issues prompted North Carolina to tell drivers coming down Interstate 95 from Virginia to go around - the entire state.
On the camera front, the XR features a single 12-megapixel wide-angle camera on the rear, with the same specifications as the XS. The biggest difference between the XR and the XS is the display - instead of an OLED panel, the XR is relying on an LCD panel.
The only drawback is that the Apple ECG app, which uses the Series 4's electrodes, won't be available until later this year. Apple has also introduced three new additions to its iPhone line-up - the iPhone Xs , the iPhone Xs Max, and the iPhone XR.


여기, Canopy 및 수많은 앱에 대한 모든 정보가 있습니다. 무료로 가입하고 관심 있는 앱들에 대한 정보와 경쟁자의 인사이트, 앱 업계 현황에 대해 알아보세요.
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Codebase LLC.에 대한 더 많은 정보가 필요한가요?


text:
TB or not TB? A second opinion on Ian Gawler's cancer
Published: December 3, 2012 10.46pm EST
George Jelinek, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Guy Allenby, University of Sydney
George Jelinek
Director, Emergency Practice Innovation Centre, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne
Guy Allenby
Masters candidate, Media and Communications, University of Sydney
George Jelinek runs retreats for people with MS at the Gawler Foundation. He has received philanthropic funding to research the outcomes of these retreats.
Guy Allenby wrote a biography of Ian Gawler.
University of Sydney provides funding as a member of The Conversation AU.
Ian Gawler recovered from secondary cancer after conventional and unconventional treatments, including meditation. Sebastien Wiertz
Late last year, two oncologists went public with a theory that cancer survivor Ian Gawler's secondary cancer may not have been cancer at all but tuberculosis instead. At the time, the story made front page news but expert testimony recently reported in The Age strongly disputes the claim.
Gawler lost a leg to cancer in 1975. He was diagnosed with secondary cancer in his pelvis and chest at the end of that year and it was treated with an experimental course of powerful chemotherapy for a few months in 1976. Following conventional and less conventional treatments – including meditation and a strict diet – he fully recovered.
In 1984, Gawler wrote the bestselling book You Can Conquer Cancer. Gawler's approach has found increasing support over the years, but he also has his critics. The TB hypothesis put forward by Ray Lowenthal and Ian Haines was based on information taken from the public record. While there's no dispute that Gawler did in fact suffer from TB, it appears he caught it later than Drs Haines and Lowenthal supposed.
Retired thoracic surgeon, Professor Peter Clarke, told Guy Allenby the chemotherapy Gawler was treated with would have caused him to die "because it would have rubbed out all his defences against the TB." Chemo disrupts the body's immune system. That Gawler somehow managed to shrug off TB during this treatment is an exceptional claim.
But let's suppose he did - what other pointers are there to show that TB wasn't present at the time? Dr Jonathan Streeton has re-assessed records and X-rays taken of Gawler's secondary tumours specifically for evidence of TB. Streeton is a highly-respected chest physician based in Melbourne, was advisor to the Victorian government on tuberculosis and treated Gawler for over 30 years.
Together with some of his radiology colleagues at Melbourne's Mercy Private Hospital, Streeton examined an X-ray of Gawler's pelvis from the time when Gawler was diagnosed with metastatic disease (secondary cancer). In a letter to Ian and Ruth Gawler, Streeton said the general consensus was that the X-rays showed what was typical of an evolving osteogenic sarcoma metastasis.
Streeton also scrutinised a later X-ray showing damage to Gawler's lower spine, which Haines and Lowenthal also hypothesised was TB. Significantly, the disc spaces between the verterbrae were well preserved. Streeton writes that this "would tend to be a specific excluder of a tuberculous process involving the lumbar verterbrae" and a TB infection of the spine would also typically evolve into an abscess inside the back wall of the abdomen. Gawler had no such abscess.
Streeton also notes that when Gawler later contracted TB and was finally treated in 1978, he was found to be resistant to Isoniazid – a drug used to treat the local strain of the disease. Such a resistance was usual in the Philippines and other parts of Asia but almost unheard of in Australia at the time. Gawler had never been out of Australia when he developed secondary cancer late in 1975. He visited the Philippines in March 1976 and January 1977 and India in March 1977 and March 1978 and likely contracted TB on one of the trips.
Gawler's website lists ten pieces of evidence that throw doubt on the TB theory put forward by Haines and Lowenthal.
So, a fit young veterinarian is told by medical specialists that his cancer has returned after the amputation of his leg, and that he will shortly die. He survives against overwhelming odds, writes a book about it to give people in the same situation hope that it is possible, and starts a program of providing holistic care and support for these people.
Over 30 years later, two specialists - without referring to him, his medical records, or his doctors - say that his recovery wasn't from cancer at all. Then, to top it off, the media frame this as the patient "claiming" he had cancer. Indeed, the suggestion that Ian Gawler was claiming he had secondary cancer implies some deceit on his part.
And the controversy isn't over. A few days ago, The Age reported Dr Ian Haines saying Dr Streeton's new assessments are incorrect and should be tested in a peer-reviewed journal.
In the bigger picture, there's no such controversy – large-scale integrative cancer support centres are opening up in Australia and the rest of the world, driven by enormous consumer demand.
Ian Gawler has always been respectful of conventional cancer treatments and he's the first to acknowledge that his retreats are not just about surviving, they're about living and dying well. He has now retired from The Gawler Foundation, which works according to his principle of offering optimal lifestyle-based approaches to complement conventional medical therapy. Tens of thousands of people have lived better and died better as a result of its work.


text:
class Connection {
public:

    enum Type {
        car,
        bus,
        taxi,
        airplane,
        on_foot,
        stay, // in a city, in a hotel, at the airport, etc.
		unknown
    };

    // cost calculated from the distance and the fuel price/km
    static Connection createCar( std::string node1, std::string node2, double timeConsuming, double distance );

    // cost is the ticket and additional prices
    static Connection createAirplane( std::string node1, std::string node2, double timeConsuming, double cost );

    // e.g. staying in a hotel or waiting at the airport
    static Connection createStay( std::string node, double timeConsuming, double cost );

    // the distance doesn't matter
    static Connection createBus( std::string node1, std::string node2, double timeConsuming, double cost );

    // the distance doesn't matter
    static Connection createTaxi( std::string node1, std::string node2, double timeConsuming, double cost );

    // frobably it's free of charge
    static Connection createOnFoot( std::string node1, std::string node2, double timeConsuming );

	static Type getType(std::string name);
	static std::string typeToString(Connection::Type type);

	std::string mNode1; // name, e.g. Igel
	std::string mNode2; // name, e.g. Luxmbourg

	Type   mConnectionType;
	double  mTimeConsuming; // in hour
	double  mDistance;      // in km
	double  mCost;

private:
    Connection( std::string node1, std::string node2, Type type, double timeConsuming, double distance, double cost );

};

#endif // _CONNECTION_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The pallet industry may not be the first you think of when considering innovation, but Palletline is one company bucking that trend with a four-year, £1m project to create Contrado, a new consignment management platform.
The Birmingham-based company was founded in 1992 and right from the start attempted to rethink an industry that had worked the same way for many years.
Palletline created what it calls a "hub and spoke" system for haulage, so deliveries could be split between different haulage companies depending on the route and final destination of the goods. Instead of one company taking a delivery all the way, it could send it to the Palletline hub, where it would be transferred to another company to complete the job.
This innovation made haulage much more efficient and cost-effective, and led to the creation of the Palletised Delivery Networks. The network spreads across Europe and has 6,000 members, 10,000 vehicles and over five million square feet of warehouse space.
More recently the company has turned its attention to issues with consignment management, which means visibility of all aspects of freight movement jobs, from initial order through to billing. This includes any changes to orders once they have been made and traceability throughout the transit process.
Helen Dickinson, head of ICT at Palletline, says there wasn't one issue in particular that forced the company to embark on the project but instead it was a combination of the age of the existing system and its lack of flexibility which led to complications with centralised billing.
This meant the existing system had to pull information from a variety of different proprietary systems, which was becoming increasingly difficult with the old system. "To bill centrally we had to put a lot of restrictions into the system in terms of validation of jobs and so on. We just didn't feel we could move forward with the system we had," says Dickinson.
So Palletline set about developing a new system, one that could integrate with more than 70 proprietary systems used by Palletline's members and provide full, end-to-end visibility of each job.
"Integration with members' proprietary systems was key as this allows members to operate their own traffic management system for all of their freight, whilst adding the benefit of full live job management information being fed back to their system for any freight they move via the Palletline network," she says.
To meet this challenge, Palletline invested four years and £1m to launch a new consignment management system – Contrado. The system secured it the winning spot in the private sector category in Computer Weekly's European User Awards for Networking 2014.
Contrado was developed in conjunction with Stirling Solutions. Palletline had to completely map out the processes required because, as Dickinson explains, the previous system had lots of extras bolted on to it, often at the request of a single customer. That meant the system had a lot of processes in place that didn't serve all customers.
That effort took around two years to complete, after which Palletline started on writing the function specs for Contrado. There then followed a period of reviews and improvements before testing began.
Rather than build the whole system, review it, make amendments, test and then release, the system was built and tested section by section. While this was not initially how Palletline wanted to operate, it ended up being a positive. Super-users tested the platform, offered their feedback and then trained others in how to use the system.
The switch to the new system began in December of 2011, but the new interface was not laid on top of Contrado until August of the following year, to continue the smooth roll-out of the system. Palletline is also taking a continuous development approach, with bugs and change requests being logged via SharePoint. Unlike the previous system, however, changes will only be made it they positively impact most users.
Contrado gives Palletline and its members the ability to track and monitor all jobs moving across its network. This includes the proactive identification and solving of potential issues as well as timely and accurate billing for all completed jobs, something that was very difficult to achieve with the old system.
"Our members don't really need to look at central billing because everything is designed to give them the information live if something goes wrong, while just feeding through information automatically if nothing goes wrong," Dickinson says.
98% accuracy across all scanning disciplines.
23.5% reduction in network service failures.
7.15% improvement in delivery confirmation on day of delivery.
A minimum of eight physical scans per pallet.
The ultimate goal, of course, was improvements with the centralised billing process, and Contrado has delivered on that promise. Dickinson says "thousands" of man-hours have been freed up because 27,000 invoices totalling around £80m per year are now automated instead of having to be generated manually. In fact, the system can process invoices worth £1.5m per week in under five minutes.
Dickinson estimates that cost savings across the network total around £1.5m per year, with £60,000 alone being saved at Palletline Central Hub.
"We've made business-critical processes instant, painless and free from human error. Ultimately, what we've got is full visibility of absolutely everything within the life of the pallet, as well as time savings and efficiencies within the billing process," she says.


text:
Coach Analysis
Tactical Theory
Adin Osmanbasic
Football Coaching, Analysis, and Strategy
Home » Football History » 1995 CL Final: AFC Ajax – AC Milan 1:0
1995 CL Final: AFC Ajax – AC Milan 1:0
A final played between two historic clubs in the Ernst-Happel-Stadion (named after the great innovator and coach) in Vienna, Austria. Both Louis Van Gaal and Fabio Capello were young coaches 20 years (!) ago at the time of this final. Neither team had any trouble reaching the final, as Ajax beat Hajduk Split 3-0 and Bayern Munich 5-2 – and AC Milan beat Benifica 2-0 and PSG 3-0 to reach Europe's biggest stage. Though both teams were dominant on their road to the final, neither team played well enough to create more than a few chances – which resulted in the only goal coming in the 85th minute.
AC Milan's Defensive Approach
The starting lineups
AC Milan played in their 4-4-2 structure which had become famous under Arrigo Sacchi just before Capello took over. Though in this match there wasnt as much focus on collectively pressing the area of the ball and the offside traps werent performed as cleanly as under Sacchi.
It was immediately obvious that Desailly was told to man-mark Litmanen wherever he went on the field – which left some holes open in the Milan midfield. Litmanen rarely stayed in his #10 position just behind the front 3 of Ajax, rather he joined the forward line to form a front 4 and would do this moving towards either the far or near side depending on where De Boer was. The biggest holes opened up when Litmanen dragged Desailly to the far side so that the area around the ball was not as pressurized and the holes in the center could be exploited by his teammates.
When the front two of Massaro and Simone pressed the Ajax back line they would press the two nearest Ajax central defenders. So if the ball went to De Boer on the left, Massaro would move out to press him as Simone would cover Blind in the central position and leave the far side central defender open. This wasnt a bad idea to prevent Ajax from progressing up the pitch and closing down spaces near the ball together, but a problem arose once the ball went back to Van Der Sar.
Van Der Sar would simply switch the ball out to the completely unmarked Reiziger who would move up the field with the ball. The 2 AC Milan forwards simply wouldnt shift across the pitch to pressure the ball again or even move towards the center to protect against penetration and assist in isolating the build up. Both Massaro and Simone stayed on their men on the far side of the field.
The AC Milan approach to Ajax's buildup
This leads us to the next interesting movement defensively from Milan. Boban, instead of pressing the progressing halfback, would drop away from the ball towards Maldini in the fullback position. This left Albertini and Donadoni in midfield and it was Albertini who had to leave the center of the pitch to press Reiziger most often. This left large gaps open in the center of the pitch (especially if Desailly was forced to the far side of the pitch).
Rijkaard would be left with a lot of space in the middle as a result of this and was frequently in position to play excellent vertical passes. Milan relied on one of their two strikers to backwards press and not allow Rijkaard too much time on the ball while the midfield focused on protecting the defensive line instead of pressing as a unit. At times Boban would move into the center of the pitch in front of Albertini in order to apply more direct pressure to Rijkaard as Albertini would care for both his position and pressing the flanks.
AC Milan likely had the approach of dropping Boban deep when the halfback was moving up due to the fact that they knew Ajax favored vertical passes and combinations on the flank. This is what occurred most often as Reiziger would play a pass into one of Finidi, De Boer, or Litmanen and they'd try to combine to break through the back line.
Ajax's Positional Possession
This was likely Van Gaal's best team in his career due to the talent of the players and their ability to combine better than the other team's he had through his career (mainly Bayern and Manchester United). However, even this Ajax side had trouble breaking through the AC Milan defense as they relied mostly on the speed of their passing in simple combinations rather than combining passing speed with movement and rotation in combinations to make it more difficult to defend and more likely to break through.
Ajax were giving Milan trouble simply by using a 3-3-4 structure while in possession. This occupied the back line very well while controlling the center of the pitch in both midfield and defense. One of Ajax's best combinations was when Reiziger played the ball into De Boer who laid the ball off and then Seedorf played Finidi's 3rd man run through the created space and penetrated the defensive line. Though combinations like this which involved more movement and more players were rare throughout the game and AC Milan ultimately didnt have too difficult a time defending.
Another bright moment for Ajax was when Finidi dropped deeper on the wing and Reiziger played the ball into him. Maldini didnt want to leave the defensive line so far to press him which forced Boban to move onto him while Reiziger was pressed by Albertini. As Finidi was shielding the ball and facing towards the center of the field Seedorf made a run completely unmarked down the middle of the field and was able to receive the ball in front of the opponent's defensive line with options in front of him. This didnt occur often enough as the players stuck to their positions most of the time.
Rijkaard, Davids, or Seedorf would occasionally make runs past midfield if they played a vertical ball into a forward and sought to receive a return pass – the use of such lay-offs proved successful for the small amount of times they were used. Van Gaal admitted this wasnt one of their better games and he might have been referring to the lack of dynamic interaction from the players to break through AC Milan – though this seems to be a common problem in his teams.
The goal in the final minute was a result of an AC Milan offside trap which was completely uncoordinated and not timed properly. A long diagonal cross attempt to Overmars failed and he chased the ball down and was able to turn back towards the center of the field. He dribbled toward the box and then played the ball across the center of the box to Rijkaard (who was a bit deeper and wasnt being pressured).
At this time half of the Milan defense stepped up in an offside trap attempt (and nobody was marking Kluivert in the middle of the defensive line because of this) while the other half of the defense reacted much slower. Rijkaard simply played a short diagonal pass into Kluivert who took the ball into the box with some pressure of retreating defenders and poked in the goal at the near post.
AC Milan's Offense
Even though Ajax won this match, it was AC Milan who were the more dangerous team throughout the game despite having less possession of the ball. Due to Ajax's lack of dynamic combinations they won the ball quite often after an Ajax vertical pass and had plenty of opportunities to counterattack (their approach to the game).
Simone was a bright spot in regards to the offense as he used his excellent dribbling to beat players down the wing (where he shifted most often to breakthrough) and cross or moved into the center to attempt combinations or diagonal through passes. Massaro had a very poor performance in regards to movement as he mostly looked to make runs in behind the defense with improper timing.
Simone would try to play a wall-pass combination with Massaro but Massaro would've already turned his back and started running once the pass was played. Many passes attempted through the defense to Massaro were easily intercepted as he was quite isolated and didn't look to maintain possession and bring the team up the pitch.
Simone would frequently drop deeper to receive the ball and help the team move up the pitch. He was very present in possession and attempted long diagonals towards the far post with many runners often – which was the main strategy for AC Milan. He was also intelligent in combinations as he would attract the pressure of Reiziger on the flank and then lay the ball off for a teammate who would attempt a long diagonal towards Massaro against De Boer in a 1v1 at the far post. Though this offensive strategy isnt super efficient, they created a few dangerous chances from this and had good opportunities to score.
Donadoni was the other player on Milan which used intelligent dribbling ability to attempt to create from the flank. Both fullbacks of AC Milan pushed up and allowed Boban and Donadoni more towards the center (in the halfspaces) and Desailly would often move forward in the same line with both strikers to provide more of a presence for Milan's diagonals.
Donadoni frequently tried to play low diagonals into the feet of the forwards but the center of Ajax's defense was too crowded most of the time for it to work. Simone and Donadoni were the main creators of the side as they used their dribbling abilities on the flanks to try and play teammates into the box diagonally.
Maldini pushing up proved quite dangerous as he overlapped Simone (who moved to the flank while Boban moved inside) very often with speed and Seedorf or Finidi struggled to track him. This resulted in easy breakthroughs as Maldini was able to play some very dangerous short crosses into the box which resulted in some good chances.
Ultimately, AC Milan didn't have much of the ball so most of their game was in the transitional phases using Simone while Ajax didnt have to defend in a block. Ajax might've had more trouble had a different striker played next to Simone as the moves broke down often due to his poor decisions. AC Milan lacked any real counterpressing during this game so Ajax didnt have a difficult time controlling the ball or quickly regaining control after Milan's offensive transitions.
Overall this wasn't the most exciting game as Ajax lacked dynamics in offense and retained the ball for a long time while AC Milan wasn't able to establish proper connection between their forward players when attacking in transition. This resulted in a match with only a few real chances and a very late goal which came from a lapse in concentration from the Italians – which is enough at this level to lose or win you Europe's biggest prize. This game could've very easily have gone to a penalty shootout had Ajax not quickly capitalized on Milan's mistake!
By Adin Osmanbasic in Football History on May 20, 2017 .
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