text:
Research site
Lab Card
Prajnaparamita Dhar
prajnadhar@ku.edu
Contracts/Grants
Ph.D., Physical Chemistry, Florida State University
M.S., Physics, Indian Institute of Technology
B.S., Physics (Honors), Presidency College
The primary overarching goals of the PI's research are to understand nature's rules that govern biological self-assembled processes. In particular, the PI is interested in correlating mechanical and structural properties of self-assembled biological processes that ultimately ensure proper functioning of biological systems. At the same time she is interested in developing interdisciplinary collaborations to study interesting problems in biology as well as training the next generation of scientists with interdisciplinary interests. For the past 8 years the PI has been studying interfacial phenomenon in both synthetic and biological amphiphilic molecules using both experimental techniques and theoretical analysis to understand the dynamics of self-assembly at interfaces and more recently in bulk systems. Additionally, the PI has had experience developing two different microrheology techniques (passive and active microrhelogy), both of which have been cited heavily. The PI has had more than five years of experience working with replacement lung surfactants, understanding and relating the role of lipid-protein interactions on structural and mechanical properties of lung surfactants using experimental and theoretical techniques developed by her, as well as guiding graduate and undergraduate student research projects. Her research efforts till date has been heavily cited, and was also recently featured in the NIH Directors blog.
Lipid-protein interactions
Surfactants at Interfaces
Microrheology
Protein aggregation at surfaces and interfaces
Antunez, L. Livin``````````good, A. Berland, C. & Dhar, P. (2016). "Physicochemical properties of aluminum adjuvants modulate reorganization of phospholipid domains in model membranes". Molecular Pharmaceutics, , 13(5), 1731–1737 .
Sprouse, P. Dittmer, N. T., Kramer, K. J., Kanost, M. Dhar, P. & Gehrke, S. (2015). Characterization of the Secondary Structure of CP30, a Highly Repetitive Ampholytic Protein in Beetle Elytral Cuticle. Macromolecular Symposia.
Chakraborty, A. Mucci, N. Tan, M. L., Steckly, A. Zheng, T. Forrest, L. & Dhar, P. (2015). Phospholipid Composition Modulates Carbon Nanodiamond Induced Alterations in Phospholipid Domain Formation. Langmuir, 31, 5093–5104 .
El-Gendy, N. A., Kaviratna, A. Berkland, C. J., & Dhar, P. (2013). Delivery and performance of surfactant replacement therapies to treat pulmonary disorders. Therapeutic Delivery, 4(8).
Dhar, P. . (01/01/2015 - 12/31/2015). Lateral Clustering in Lipid and Protein films . University of Minnesota.
Ghazvini, S. & Dhar, P. . (12/31/2014). 5.	Active Microrheology: A tool to monitor phases and phase transitions in phosphatidylethanolamine. ACS Colloids Annual Meeting 2015.
Mucci, N. Gamblin, T. C. & Dhar, P. . (12/31/2014). Monitoring Adsorption and Aggregation of an Intrinsically Disordered Protein at Solid Substrates. AIChE Annual Meeting 2014. Available Here
Chakraborty, A. & Dhar, P. . (11/30/2014). Carbon Nanodiamond Induced Alterations in Phospholipid Domain Formation Depends on Lipid Saturation and Headgroup Charge.
Czirok, Andras, (Principal), Rognish, Brenda, (Co-Principal), Dhar, Prajnaparamita, (Co-Investigator), Morphogenetic Tissue Movements in Early Embryos, $1,158,344 ({ }), (09/15/2015 - 07/31/2018). Federal. Status: Funded.
Dhar, Prajnaparamita, (Principal), Lipid membrane-protein interactions during the early stages of Tau protein aggregation, $275,000, Submitted 06/01/2014 - 12/31/2014). Federal. Status: Not Funded.
Dhar, Prajnaparamita, (Principal), Preliminary studies of lung surfactant lipid nanoparticle interactions, $30,000, (02/02/2014 - 06/30/2014). Federal. Status: Funded.
Selected Awards & Honors
KU Women of Distinction
Emily Taylor Center, KU
American Lung Association Senior Research Training Fellowship, 2010 (declined due to change of status from Post-doctoral Researcher to Assistant Professor in August 2010)
Travel Award to the Gordon Research Conference in Soft Condensed Matter, August 2009
Recipient of Russell and Dorothy Johnsen Dissertation Award, 2007-2008
Travel Award to the Gordon Research Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Microfluidics, 2007
Molecular Engineering and Interfacial Nanomedicine Lab
Biological self-assembly processes involve lipid-protein interactions that influence a wide variety of cellular processes (e.g., signal transduction, intracellular transport, antimicrobial defense, and energy conversion). Nanoscale fluctuations in lipid bilayers, that form the structural basis of the cell membrane, can influence the protein structure and dynamics during health as well as during the onset and progression of disease. In fact, a wide spectrum of diseases is a result of abnormal or deficient lipid-protein interactions. For example, recent experimental evidence implicates lipid bilayers in the aggregation of proteins that results in the formation of amyloid plaques or filamentous structures. These structures form a common pathology of degenerative disorders affecting the central nervous system (e.g., Alzheimer's disease,) and a variety of peripheral tissues (e.g., type II diabetes). Understanding nature's rules for biological self assembly is crucial to achieve highly specific medical intervention at the molecular scale by developing smart nanomaterials that can detect, cure, or replace diseased cells and tissues (the primary goals of nanomedicine). A major challenge in nanomedicine is to develop a thorough understanding of the physical and chemical properties of self-assembled biological structures at the molecular and cellular level. Additionally, smarter strategies are required for engineering miniature devices that work synergistically within the human body to provide more efficient medical therapies.
Lipid Protein Interactions
The long term research goals of my laboratory are to advance the field of Nanomedicine, by employing a suite of biophysical techniques to (i) develop a thorough understanding of the organization of the cellular architecture at the molecular and cellular level, and (ii) engineer miniature and efficient drug-delivery devices that work synergistically within the human body. Reorganizations in the molecular and/or cellular architecture may lead to the onset and progression of a wide spectrum of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, respiratory diseases, and metastasis(spreading of cancer). Our lab is involved in understanding how abnormal or deficient lipid-protein interactions can alter the lateral organization of lipid molecules in cell membranes leading to the onset of various diseases. Using our unique active microrheology technique coupled with microscopy techniques, we will sensitively monitor small changes in the lateral organization of biological self-assembled systems (lipid membranes and cells) as a way to explore lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions and protein aggregation. Understanding the early stages of disease progression will open up new ways to detect and treat unhealthy cells. At the same time, current trends in medical research require an interdisciplinary team of scientists and engineers to work synergistically towards a common goal. Our lab provides training opportunities for this next generation of researchers.


I've been debating whether or not to write about this here. This is a breast cancer blog, after all. But after the two shootings of black men by police officers this week and then the murder of 5 police officers in Dallas, I realize that I can't remain silent.
For those of you who don't live in America and might not know what I'm talking about, there were two shootings of black men by police officers this week. This is not something that is new in our country, unfortunately. The systematic abuse of power by the police and our justice system has spurred a movement called #BlackLivesMatter, to try to bring about change in the way we treat our community of color. What made these two shootings unique is that they were both caught on camera. Well, the shooting of Alton Sterling was caught on camera. The video of the shooting of Philando Castile begins just after his shooting, but we watch him die. His girlfriend recorded the whole thing. Her 4 year old daughter was in the car and witnessed the shooting. It's terrible.
In the last three days, I have seen an uproar in this country unlike I have seen in a long time. We've been angry before, like with the murders of Trayvon Martin, Eric Garner and Sandra Bland, to name just a few. But nothing like this. Our country is in pain.
Cancer in the body is a big bully, a cell that deviates from normal, healthy cells that do their job and work in harmony, and gang up on those cells and wreak havoc, disrupting and destroying that harmony. The incidents this week have got me thinking about the problems we have in this country. It made me think of our country's cancer: racism. I think, as a whole, there are a lot of amazing and wonderful people in this country. People who want to live the American dream but in harmony with others and by benefiting others. Then you have those that are the cancers of our society. The ones who are power hungry, fearful and bigoted. They have been overpowering our country and it's time we've ended them and their ideologies, like we do cancer.
By this, I mean we need to restore the peace and love that we are all born with. Just like most of us are born into healthy working bodies, most of us are born into healthy minds and hearts. Somewhere along the line, we learn to hate and fear people who are different from us. We learn to create an "us" versus "them" mentality. That is our country's cancer.
In America, it is not safe to be black. It is definitely not safe to be a black man. This is not new. But now we have very clear video to prove it.
"But Carrie, this is a breast cancer blog. Shouldn't you be talking about breast cancer and not the murder of black men in America," you ask? To that I say, sure. Let's talk about breast cancer and race. According to breastcancer.org, white women are slightly more likely to develop breast cancer. However, black women are more likely to die from it. In fact, according to an article published in Time Magazine last year called What Race Has To Do With Breast Cancer, "Among the 102,064 women across a broad range of social, economic and cultural strata from 18 different cancer centers who were diagnosed with breast cancer, African-American, Hispanic, Asian and American Indian women showed 20% to 60% higher rates of diagnosis with stage 2 to stage 4 breast cancers of any type compared to Caucasian women. The risk was highest among African-American women, who had a 40% to 70% greater risk of being diagnosed with stage 4, the most advanced, of any type of breast cancer, compared to white women." And while genetics play a factor in this statistic, so do social factors such as income and access to healthcare. Many have less access to breast cancer screening and are not offered the same level of care. The article states that while these women might get a mastectomy to remove the tumor, they might not be getting the follow-up treatment such as radiation, like their Caucasian counterparts are getting.
There is a racial divide in our community and our breast cancer community. More black men and women are dying at the hands of police officers. More black women are dying at the hands of their breast cancer. It's all connected.
What do we do about all of this? That seems to be the big question going around. "What do we do?" Many of us are feeling helpless and desperate. As a white woman, I come from a place of privilege that I get to sit here and feel that. I know that.
I'm not sure what to do. I don't know what I'm going to do. I hope that writing about what happened this week for my breast cancer community to read is something. I hope that it sparks thought and conversation. I hope that it helps us question our society and advocate for the type of America we all want to be living in. I hope it means we don't remain silent.
We are often called "warriors" for fighting our cancer. Whether we like it or not, that is how we are seen. Maybe we see that in ourselves. Maybe not. But, you've got to admit, a breast cancer survivor is a force to be reckoned with. We have a fight in us. We have power. What would happen if we took some of that fight, some of that power, to kill America's cancer too?
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: abuse of power, access to healthcare, Alton Sterling, America, America's cancer, Black Lives Matter, breast cancer, income, Philando Castile, police brutality, police shooting, privelage, race, race and breast cancer, racism, social status | Permalink.
Oliver did not care for the rainbow (actually, he just didn't want his picture taken).
Categories: Bits of Happiness, Uncategorized | Tags: bits of happiness, breast cancer, brooklyn, rainbows | Permalink.
When you make ice cream for dinner!!!!
We each had three bowls! YUM!
Categories: Bits of Happiness, Uncategorized | Tags: bits of happiness, breast cancer, ice cream, ice cream for dinner | Permalink.


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Gameday Thread: Oklahoma City at Portland Trail Blazers
Late game! Portland and OKC tips off after 7:30pm, only on TNT. Hang out and chat with us!
By Timmay! Mar 2, 2017, 6:30pm PST
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Photo by Otto Greule Jr/Getty Images
Oklahoma City arrives in Portland to take on the Trail Blazers tonight. OKC is led by Russell Westbrook, who is closing in becoming on the first player to average a triple-double since Oscar Robertson. They're also playoff-bound, while the Blazers are falling further off the pace.
Injuries: Festus Ezeli is likely done for the season. Evan Turner is getting his cast off soon, but is still out. And Ed Davis is done for the season to get surgery on his torn labrum. For OKC, Victor Oladipo didn't make the trip.
And now a musical interlude from "Oklahoma City based" Presidents of the United States of America. They unexpectedly burst onto the mid '90s alternative scene, and disappeared just as quickly. Here's Lump.
It should probably be a rule that, if Weird Al Yankovic parodies a song, it should be posted. Here's "Gump".
Lastly, did you know what happened to PotUSA? Well, the band stayed together for a long time, mostly playing local shows, before breaking up recently. Why? Well according to Wikipedia, the members were "old people now". Fair enough. But that didn't stop lead singer Chris Ballew from finding success in a related field: Children's music. Here's one of his songs as the leader of Caspar Babypants:
How To Watch OKC at Portland Trail Blazers:
Time: 7:30 pm, Pacific Time
Online Streaming: TNT Streaming (Nationwide) | No League Pass!
Radio: Rip City Radio, 620 am
The Rules!
There are a few extra rules we emphasize for Gameday Threads. We appreciate your support!
1. No videos or pictures please, including embedded stuff from Twitter.
2. No discussion of streams that aren't sanctioned by the NBA, or how to work around broadcast/streaming rules.
3. No swearing please. Yep, even when the game sucks or the refs mess up.
4. Be excellent to each other! For visitors from our SBN companions, please have a mutual respect and remember this is a Blazers community.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Grease a 9-by-13-inch baking pan with 2 tablespoons of the butter and scatter the graham crackers evenly over the bottom.
In a large saucepan, combine the remaining stick of butter with the sugar, condensed milk and whole milk. Cook over moderately low heat, brushing down the side of the pan with a wet pastry brush, until the sugar is dissolved, about 12 minutes. Bring the mixture to a simmer, then cook over moderately low heat, stirring occasionally with a wooden spoon, until a pale caramel forms and the temperature reaches 240° on a candy thermometer, about 15 minutes.
Remove the saucepan from the heat. Add the vanilla and a generous pinch of salt to the fudge, and stir vigorously until it thickens but is still pourable, 8 minutes. Immediately scrape the fudge into the prepared pan and spread it evenly with a spatula. Let the fudge cool completely, 1 hour.
Invert the pan onto a surface and tap out the fudge. Break the fudge into pieces and serve.
The fudge can be stored in an airtight container for up to 1 week.


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Date of Last Revision: 22 September, 2016.
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Orders are processed only after a billing address, and other billing information, has been verified. Occasionally, we receive incorrect billing or credit card account information for a ticket order that can delay processing and delivery. In these cases, our customer service may (but need not) attempt to contact you, using the information provided at the time of purchase. If we do not try to contact you, or are unable to reach you after an initial attempt, we may cancel your order and may sell your tickets to another customer without further notice.
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Different combinations of delivery methods may be offered, depending on factors that include the venue or location where the event is to be held, the location in which you live, how much time is left before the event starts, whether it is a holiday season and the nature of the demand for the event. Please carefully review the list of delivery methods offered during the purchase process. For security purposes, we can only ship tickets to the billing address on file with the credit card company that is used for your purchase. In most instances tickets will only be delivered electronically.
If the amount you pay for a ticket is incorrect regardless of whether because of an error in a price posted on this Site or otherwise communicated to you, or you are able to order a ticket before its scheduled on-sale or presale date or you are able to order a ticket that was not supposed to have been released for sale, then: We will have the right to cancel that ticket (or the order for that ticket) and refund to you the amount that you paid. This will apply regardless of whether because of human error or a transactional malfunction of this Site or any of our Systems.
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The sale or purchase of tickets to events may be regulated by certain federal, provincial, and local laws or regulations. You acknowledge that complying with laws is your responsibility, AND YOU AGREE NOT TO HOLD US LIABLE FOR YOUR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH ANY LAW OR OUR FAILURE TO NOTIFY YOU OF, OR PROPERLY APPLY, ANY LAW. WE WILL COMPLY WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT AND MAY PROVIDE THEM WITH ALL INFORMATION YOU SUBMIT TO US TO ASSIST IN ANY INVESTIGATION OR PROSECUTION THEY MAY CONDUCT. You agree to pay all charges incurred by you or any users of your account and credit card (or other applicable payment mechanism) at the price(s) in effect when such charges are incurred. You will also be responsible for paying any applicable taxes relating to your purchases.
Please Note: certain federal, provincial, state, county and city laws, rules or regulations, may regulate the sale or purchase of tickets to entertainment events. You acknowledge that complying with all such laws, rules and regulations is your responsibility.
You voluntarily assume all risks and danger incidental to the event for which a ticket is issued, whether before, during or after the event, and you waive any claims for personal injury or death against us, management, facility, league, artist, participants, and all of their respective parents, affiliated entities, agents, officers, directors, owners and employees on behalf of yourself and any accompanying minor.
Event Providers reserve the right, without refund of any amount paid, to refuse admission to, or eject, any person whose conduct the Organizer or Provider deems disorderly, who uses vulgar or abusive language or who fails to comply with an Organizer/Provider's rules. Breach of terms or rules will terminate your license to attend the event without refund. A ticket is a revocable license and admission may be refused upon refunding the ticket's face amount. A ticket is not redeemable for cash.
A ticket gives you only limited rights and licenses. Certain venues and event Providers may restrict your right to record or transmit, or aid in recording or transmitting, any description, account, picture, or reproduction of the event.
You agree that the event for which you purchase tickets is a public event, that your appearance and actions inside and outside the venue where the event occurs are public in nature, and that you have no expectation of privacy with regard to your actions or conduct at the event.
You grant permission to us and the event Provider(s) to utilize your name, image, likeness, acts, poses, plays, appearance, movements, and statements in any live or recorded audio, video, or photographic display or other transmission, exhibition, publication or reproduction made of, or at, the event (regardless of whether before, during or after play or performance) for any purpose, in any manner, in any medium or context now known or hereafter developed, without further authorization from, or compensation to, you or anyone acting on your behalf.
At certain venues, you and your belongings may be searched on entry to the event or attraction. You consent to such searches at those venues that require them and waive any related claims that may arise. If you elect not to consent to such searches at those venues that require them, you may be denied entry to the event or attraction without refund or other compensation. Under certain venue rules, certain items may not be brought into the premises, including without limitation, alcohol, drugs, controlled substances, cameras, recording devices, laser pointers, strobe lights, irritants (e.g., artificial noisemakers), bundles and containers.
Unlawful resale of tickets (or attempted resale), counterfeit or copy of tickets is grounds for seizure and cancellation without compensation. In addition, we reserve the right to restrict or deny ticket purchasing privileges to anyone that we determine to be, or has been, in violation of this policy. Because we do not guarantee the authenticity of tickets purchased from any non-authorized third party reseller (such as brokers or individuals), we recommend that you purchase tickets directly through us, authorized partners or from the venue box office to ensure ticket authenticity. Tickets may not be used for advertising, promotions, contests or sweepstakes, unless formal written authorization is given by the event Provider, provided that even if such consent is obtained, any use of our trademarks and other intellectual property is subject to our consent.
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Our failure or delay to exercise or enforce any right or provision of this policy shall not constitute a waiver of such right or provision. No oral waiver, amendment or modification shall be effective under any circumstance whatsoever. If any provision of this policy is found by an arbitrator or court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, the parties nevertheless agree that the arbitrator or court should endeavor to give effect to the parties' intentions as reflected in the provision, and the other provisions of this policy shall remain in full force and effect.
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The section titles in this policy are for convenience only and have no legal or contractual effect.
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Users Under California Civil Code Section 1789.3, California Site users are entitled to the following specific consumer rights notice: The Complaint Assistance Unit of the Division of Consumer Services of the California Department of Consumer Affairs may be contacted in writing at 1625 North Market Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95834, or by telephone at (916) 445-1254 or (800) 952-5210.
Copyright © 2016 Awe Company Limited.
"TimeWarpVR" and "Toronto TimeWarpVR" are trademarks of 9662499 Canada Inc. used under license by Awe Company Limited and Fort York Tour 1, Inc. All rights reserved.


Goods will be sent by Express Post where possible. Larger orders by standard freight.
Australia Post postage rates apply as applicable plus packaging costs.
Where the goods are freighted, ruling rates will apply based on weight and / or cubic measurement.
Any claims must be submitted within 7 days of receipt of goods and be accompanied by a copy of the invoice.
All goods remain the property of Majestic Merino until paid for in full.
Any goods ordered that are not currently available will be placed on back-order and supplied when available unless instructed otherwise.
Product colours cannot be guaranteed to be accurate due to the variation in monitors and photography.
Due to changing market forces and other extenuating circumstances revolving around importing many of our product lines which affects product availability and price stability, we reserve the right to withdraw any product we advertise, cancel any orders, and change prices without notice.
Information contained throughout the web pages is believed to be accurate and reliable at the time of publishing. There may be misprints, human errors, and omissions. We reserve the right to make changes and corrections in prices, products, and specifications without notice.
Information submitted by customers to Majestic Merino are kept in the strictest confidence and are used only for the purpose of processing your orders or enquiries and to communicate with customers about special offers and new products, services and promotions. We undergo never to share this information with any other business or individual. Your privacy is respected.
Majestic Merino cannot guarantee that any file or program available for download and/or execution from or via this site is free from viruses or other conditions which could damage or interfere with data, hardware or software with which it might be used. You assume all risk of use of all programs and files on this site, and you release Majestic Merino entirely of all responsibility for any consequences of its use.
For a quote for products and delivery please email sales@majesticmerino.com Or fax to 08 9848 3686. phone 08 9848 3678.
All orders placed, whether by email, phone or fax are subject to confirmation and sales are subject to acceptance of our Conditions of Sale. All quotes issued, whether by email, mail, telephone or fax are current for 7 days from the quotation date.
Majestic Merino reserve the right in our sole discretion not to accept an order or to cancel an order for products placed by the purchaser. This trade condition applies to Mail order, email orders, phone orders, online orders, in shop orders and special request orders whether for stock on hand or for out of stock items.
In the case of 'out of stock' items Majestic Merino will use all reasonable efforts to obtain and deliver such goods to the purchaser however we reserve the right to cancel an order and will not be liable for any failure to deliver ordered goods where such failure is a result which is not reasonably within our control.
We undertake to advise the purchaser that the item is out of stock and subsequently the choice is given to the customer to either cancel the order, or proceed with the order subject to our conditions of sale, or if full payment or deposit has been paid to request a full refund. We will use all reasonable efforts to deliver products for accepted orders to the purchaser, (address specified on the delivery slip), on or before any estimated delivery date, but we do not represent or warrant that we will do so. We do not accept liability, whether for direct, indirect or consequential loss or damage, arising due to any delay in delivery of the out of stock products or any failure to deliver the products ordered for whatever reason. Our sole liability will be to the extent of refunding monies paid as deposit for goods ordered.
For on-line orders, accepted payments include credit cards (Visa and Master card), direct deposit, bank transfer.
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Majestic Merino makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied as to the operation of this site or the information, content, materials or products included on this site, except as otherwise provided under applicable laws.
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This site and its contents are subject to copyright. The copyright is owned by DH & GP Guthrie trading as Majestic Merino. You may view this site and its contents using your web browser and electronically copy and print hard copies of parts of this site solely for personal, non-commercial use. Any other use, including the reproduction, modification, distribution, transmission, republication, display or performance, of the content of this site is strictly prohibited.


text:
Christian Norberg-Schulz (* 23. Mai 1926 in Oslo, Norwegen; † 28. Mai 2000 ebenda) war ein norwegischer Architekt, Professor für Architektur, Autor und Architekturtheoretiker.

Leben und Werk
Thorvald Christian Norberg-Schulz wuchs in Oslo, Norwegen auf. Er schloss sein Architekturstudium 1949 an der Eidgenossischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich erfolgreich ab. Anschließend setzte er sein Studium in Rom und an der Harvard University mit einem Fulbright-Stipendium fort. Nach seiner Promotion 1964 am Norwegischen Institut für Technologie im Fach Architektur lehrte er 1965 als Professor an der Yale University, von 1966 bis 1992 an der Oslo School of Architecture and Design, 1974 als Gastprofessor am Massachusetts Institute of Technology Architecture Department.

Norberg-Schulz zählte zur dritten Generation der Architekturmoderne, die das Dogma des technischen Funktionalismus in Frage stellte und sich der Architekturtheorie und Baugeschichte zuwandte. In den 1950er und 1960er Jahren arbeitete er als Architekt allein oder mit Arne Korsmo; große Anerkennung fanden ihre Reihenhäuser in der Planetveien Street (1954) in Oslo, wo beide mit ihren Familien lebten. 1963 erschien im Universitetsforlaget Oslo die Originalausgabe seines Buches "Intentions in Architecture", mit dem er international Anerkennung fand und seinen Ruf als Architekturtheoretiker begründete. 1965 veröffentlichte es der Ullstein Verlag Berlin in der Reihe Ullstein Bauwelt Fundamente (15) unter dem Titel "Logik der Baukunst" in der deutschen Übersetzung von Joachim Neugröschel mit einer Vorbemerkung von Lucius Burckhardt. Nach Burckhardt stellte Norberg-Schulz "die Architektur in einen größeren Bezugskreis", siedelte sie "in den Dimensionen der heutigen Wirklichkeit" an, verwies auf "das Problem der Addition der mehrheitlich modernen Bauten", fragte nach dem "Sinn des Funktionalismus in einer wohlhabenden Welt, (…) nach dem Nichtverstehen der modernen Formen durch das Publikum und (…) der Bedeutung dieser Formen."

Auf diese analytischen und psychologischen Belange seiner früheren Schriften folgten grundlegende Untersuchungen und wegweisende Bücher über baugeschichtliche und topographische Phänomene des Bauens und Siedelns wie "Vom Sinn des Bauens. Die Architektur des Abendlandes von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart" (Stuttgart, 1979) und "Genius Loci: Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture" (1979), Genius Loci, Landschaft, Lebensraum, Baukunst (Stuttgart, 1982). Norberg-Schulz bezog sich in diesen Werken auf Martin Heidegger. Er war ein Wegbereiter der "Architekturphänomenologie" und der "Phänomenologie des Ortes", deren Bezug zu Heideggers Auslegung der Phänomenologie oft kritisiert wurde. Er nahm großen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung nachmoderner Architekturtheorien und löste Auseinandersetzungen aus. International bekannt wurde er auch mit seinen Beiträgen zur Architekturgeschichte, insbesondere zur klassischen italienischen Architektur, zum Barock und mit Monographien z. B. über Louis Kahn.

Christian Norberg-Schulz war Mitglied der Bayerischen Akademie der schönen Künste. 1996 erhielt er den Fritt Ord Honorary Award.

Privat
1955 heiratete er Anna Maria de Dominicis. Die norwegische Opernsängerin Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz ist seine Tochter.

Weblinks

 http://media.hugendubel.de/shop/coverscans/185PDF/18543231_lprob_1.pdf
 http://www.th-owl.de/fb1/uploads/media/A_TValena_TX_klein.pdf
 https://www.urbipedia.org/hoja/Tres_casas_en_Planetveien
 https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=christian+norberg-schulz&qt=owc_search

Einzelnachweise

Architekt (Norwegen)
Hochschullehrer (Architektur- und Designhochschule Oslo)
Architekturtheoretiker
Autor
Literatur (Norwegisch)
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Sachliteratur (Architektur)
Person (Oslo)
Mitglied der Bayerischen Akademie der Schönen Künste
Norweger
Geboren 1926
Gestorben 2000
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The science behind why and how flooding occurs intermittently in the Helena Valley. 6:30 to 8:30 p.m., Our Redeemer's Church, 3580 N. Benton Ave.
How to best prepare for floods as an individual and as a neighborhood, including updates from the county on projects aimed at controlling and mitigating floodwaters. 6:30 to 8:30 p.m., Our Redeemer's Church, 3580 N. Benton Ave.
A family-friendly event with informational booths and activities, including sandbagging practice and tutorials. 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., location to be announced. The fair will provide resources related to wildfire and other hazards, as well as flooding.


Synthesizes the previous studies and capital project recommendations into Station Area Profiles.
Details an Implementation Plan for advancing TOD citywide.
Establishes citywide policy focused on attracting new development around stations that protects and enhances existing neighborhoods.
Establishes a context sensitive TOD policy based on station types, or "typologies".


text:
Thierry Harismendy (zm. 1 stycznia 1993) – francuski judoka. Startował w Pucharze Świata w latach 1990-1993. Złoty medalista mistrzostw Europy w drużynie w 1992. Wicemistrz wojskowych MŚ w 1990. Mistrz Europy juniorów w 1990. Mistrz Francji w 1992 roku.

Przypisy

Francuscy judocy
Urodzeni w XX wieku
Zmarli w 1993


As a psychologist in private practice since 1979, I specialize in relationship issues between couples, interracial, and cross-cultural connections, families, and businesses, in addition to conducting workshops on topics such as stress management, and communication skills.
I was born in Turkey, and earned my undergraduate degree in psychology there, followed by pursuing the master's and doctorate degrees at the University of California at Los Angeles, first as a Fulbright Scholar, and then as a CENTO Fellow. An academic appointment at the Middle East Technical University was followed by the return to the United States where I taught graduate and undergraduate courses at St. Mary's College of Maryland, Mt. Vernon College in Washington DC, Johns Hopkins University, and the Notre Dame University of Maryland in Baltimore. From 1981 to 1988, I was the Counseling Center Director at Notre Dame.
In graduate school at UCLA, I worked for the Voice of America program, writing and recording materials on the cross-cultural college experience. Since late 2014, I post a column, Ask Dr. J, on LGBTQ concerns for BaltimoreOutloud. I have been interviewed on news and TV programs, most recently on A&E Channel on bullying.
Between 2002-2012, I experienced the business world first-hand, forming and managing a construction-related company, StoneExotics LLC, where I imported natural stones, and competed for bids to manufacture and install work and kitchen countertops in residential and commercial venues.
I am a member of the American Psychological Association, and proudly serve as the Board President for Symphony Number One, and the Key Highway Community Association.


War of the Rebellion: Serial 018 Page 0507 Chapter XXIV. CORRESPONDENCE, ETC.-UNION.
pickets beyond, and enforce the utmost vigilance and the closest attention. Certainly twenty-four hours should not pass without your hearing from the front. Your position is much that you will be responsible for any surprise of the forces, and it is a responsibility which cannot be shifted from the commander, a part of whose forces occupy the advance. I beg you to give the closest attention to this matter. You are in presence of an active, enterprising enemy, who will lose no chance.
Do not trust to any one in advance, but see everything for yourself through the eves of some good staff officer. I reiterate this caution to you because of the grave consequences which result from carelessness in our front, and it seems to be manifested in the failure to report to you every day. I must hear once a day, at least, from your outposts, as I have requested you.
Washington, July 25, 1862-10.30 p.m.
Send down word to-night to your advanced posts at Culpeper and Madison Court-House that a strong column of our forces is advancing from Fredericksburg to Orange Court-House, and will probably be at the latter place by daylight to-morrow morning.
A very careful reconnaissance of the road leading from Sperryville to Amissville satisfies me that it cannot be made a safe position for my corps, or one on which it would be possible for me to comply with my orders. I am to hold myself and command in readiness to move at any moment to the right or left. It is possible also that the right and left corps may be required to concentrate on the central position in case of attack.
These roads are for many years disuse; are crossed many times by dreams that are subject to continued, sudden, and heavy rises or freshest; they are wholly impassable after rains, and would be for the trains of either one or two of the corps on this line an impassible communication if suddenly called into action. I have had three parties examine, the route, and cannot doubt the conclusion, in which they all concur, that it is impossible to place the command on this line with safety, so far as movement is concerned.


text:
Pairing Music with Medication Offers Potential Therapeutic Strategy to Manage Pain
Stacy W. Kish
Communications Specialist, University of Utah Health
Email: stacy.kish@hsc.utah.edu
Mar 27, 2019 9:00 AM
Past studies have explored the therapeutic effect of music, particularly compositions by Mozart, for patients with epilepsy. Researchers at University of Utah Health found pairing music with one of four pain medications offered a promising complementary strategy to treat pain. In particular, the ibuprofen-music pair improved analgesic outcomes in an inflammation pain mouse model by more than 90 percent, while the cannabidiol-music and galanin analog NAX 5055-music pairings significantly reduced inflammation by 70 percent. The results of the study are available online on March 27 in the journal Frontiers in Neurology.
"We know these drugs work without music but they can produce toxicity and adverse effects" said Grzegorz Bulaj, Ph.D., associate professor in Medicinal Chemistry at U of U Health and senior author on the paper. "The holy grail is to combine the right drug with this new paradigm of music exposure, so we do not need as much drug for analgesic effects."
The researchers evaluated this new strategy using two pain models--one model mimics inflammatory pain (carrageenan model) and one mimics surgical pain (plantar incision). Mice in the study were separated into two groups (five to eight mice per group). The control group was exposed to ambient noise while the music-intervention group listened to three three-hour segments of Mozart for 21 days.
"Music is like DNA. We had musicians analyze sequences of several Mozart pieces to optimize the playlist," Bulaj said. "This was exciting but challenging to integrate these musical analyses into neuropharmacology."
The compositions were selected and organized to enhance rhythmic, phrasal and chord progressions.
The study was conducted four times to explore pairing music with ibuprofen (25 mg/kg), cannabidiol (100 mg/kg), levetiracetam (400 mg/kg) and the galanin analog NAX 5055 (4 mg/kg). Both the control and music groups received one suboptimal dose of each drug to evaluate the analgesic effect of music in the pain models.
When paired with music, ibuprofen reduced pain responses in the inflammation pain model by 93 percent, as compared to the drug alone. In addition, music and cannabidiol or NAX 5055 reduced swelling by 21 and 9 percent, respectively in the inflammatory pain model. Music alone also reduced pain by 77 percent in the surgical pain model.
"There is emerging evidence that music interventions can alleviate pain when administered either alone or in combination with other therapies," said Cameron Metcalf, Ph.D., research assistant professor in Pharmacology and Toxicology at U of U Health and first author on the paper. "I was particularly excited to see reduced swelling in the inflammatory pain model."
According to Metcalf, medications currently available to treat inflammation do not show such a robust response on such a short timescale.
"It is exciting to think of what this might mean for the anti-inflammatory effects of music interventions and where the research may take us next," Metcalf said.
The study also explored pairing music with various epilepsy drugs, but the experimental design was inadequate to evaluate the complexity in drug dosing and administration to evaluate this therapeutic strategy.
The study was limited to two pain models and did not explore pain caused by nerve injury (neuropathic pain). In addition, the music intervention in the study was limited to pieces by Mozart. Mice hear at different frequencies than humans, and the effect of music volume or duration remains unclear. It also remains unclear if these results will be duplicated in people. Bulaj believes future studies should explore dose-dependent response of the music-drug pairing.
"If we could package music and other nonpharmacological therapies into mobile apps and deliver them with drugs and it works, it will be better than drugs alone," Bulaj said. "It is exciting to find new ways to improve pain treatments."
Bulaj and Metcalf are joined in this study by Merodean Huntsman, Tristan Underwood, Fabiola Vanegas and Misty Smith at U of U Health; Adam Kochanski and Michael Chikinda at University of Utah; Gerry Garcia at Greatful Living Productions, Salt Lake City; Eugene Watanabe at The Gifted Music School, Salt Lake City; and H. Steve White at University of Washington. The article, titled Music-enhanced Analgesia and Antiseizure Activities in Animal Models of Pain and Epilepsy: Towards Preclinical Studies Supporting Development of Digital Therapeutics and their Combinations with Pharmaceutical Drugs, received support from University of Utah development funds.
Research News Pain


JAY AJAYI does a Superman-style dive into the end zone for an incredible 46-yard touchdown on his debut with the Philadelphia Eagles.
The London-born running back was traded by the Miami Dolphins on deadline after falling out with coaches in Florida.
But their loss certainly looks Doug Pederson's game with Ajayi dismantling the previously unbreakable Denver Broncos defence.
Ajayi's break was his first touchdown of the season.
And it was also the first rushing TD the Denver defence had given up through their first eight games.
Ajayi was far from alone in bursting into the end zone for the Eagles, with the hosts running in seven overall - four courtesy of the arm of Carson Wentz.
They all came part of a 23-51 hammering, with Ajayi running for 77 yards in total.
The Eagles (8-1) rightly head into a bye week with the best record in the NFL after winning their seventh straight game.
Meanwhile the Broncos fell to their fourth loss in a row and their fifth in six games.
That was mostly down to quarterback Wentz, who notched his third four-touchdown performance in the past five weeks.


ISO 9001, as well as its' industry specific supersets like ISO 13485, AS9100C, and ISO/TS 16949, require that your Organization conducts regularly scheduled Internal Audits by qualified auditors. As an Internal Auditor you know how important this program is.
But what is specifically required of an ISO 9001 Internal Auditor, and what are their formal responsibilities?
An audit programme shall be planned, taking into consideration the status and importance of the processes and areas to be audited, as well as the results of previous audits. The audit criteria, scope, frequency and methods shall be defined. The selection of auditors and conduct of audits shall ensure objectivity and impartiality of the audit process. Auditors shall not audit their own work.
A documented procedure shall be established to define the responsibilities and requirements for planning and conducting audits, establishing records and reporting results.
The management responsible for the area being audited shall ensure that any necessary corrections and corrective actions are taken without undue delay to eliminate detected nonconformities and their causes.
What does this really mean? And how can you make sure you comply?


text:
Our students say about us
Courses for Italian
Courses for children
C.I.L.S. (Official Certificate
of Italian Language)
C.E.L.I. (Official Certificate
ITALIAN LANGUAGE SCHOOL PORTA D'ORIENTE
ITALIAN LANGUAGE SCHOOL PORTA D'ORIENTE, Italian language school for foreigners, offers Italian language courses at every level in one of the most beautiful Mediterranean seaside resorts.
WHERE THE SCHOOL IS LOCATED
Otranto is a beautiful historic and artistic town on the seaside at 50 km from the main city Lecce the socalled Florence of South of Italy for its artistical beauties. A bus and train service links Otranto to Lecce. In 2002, 2003 and 2004 Otranto won "the five flags" prize for the cleanest sea of Italy by "Legambiente" and "Touring Club" (Italian associations about environment and Tourism), and the National Association of the Italian Towns listed Otranto among the first 14 more bautiful towns in Italy. Otranto is an important historic and artistic centre because it is rich in remains of the different populations that lived in the Mediterranean area.
Otranto is a small town (but in summer it reaches 80.000 inhabitans) placed at a short distance from the other touristical seaside resorts on the beautiful coast.
Otranto is a paradise for all nature lovers. It seems made just for the purpose of holding the interest of the traveller in search of new sensations and appealing to his imagination.
Very famous touristical place, Otranto offers several hotels, restaurants, shops, supermarkets, banks. The town overlooks the beautiful beaches with white and fine sand and the clear water. Otranto offers the possibility to enjoy and to relax with its several pubs, open-air performances, discos.
Classrooms are provided with audio and video-didactic supports. There is a library where you can find every kind of book, essay, novel, dictionaries, Italian newspapers, and the most famous films from the Italian cinema.
INTERNET, E-MAIL and FAX SERVICE
Students at School Porta d'Oriente have access to e-mail and Internet.
The school cooperates with other European partners in the collaboration of innovative projects in the field of linguistic learning. It takes part in the program called "Lingua", a European network which cooperates with other institutions for the development of didactic materials and methods. Our Institute is a promoter of cultural events such as stages, workshops and international meetings on projects and cultural themes that are presented every year. The school is seat and preparation center (officially recognized by the University for Foreigners of Siena) for the CILS-certificate, certification of Italian as foreign language officially recognized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is also officially recognized by the Swedish authorities for Education.
Listed below are some of the benefits to be derived from choosing to study Italian in the beautiful Salentine region, dispelling a number of common misconceptions:
- The population of the region speaks in Italian that may be characterised as mainstream, rather than dialectic. Small pockets of dialect do remain in certain areas, but these can be considered as tasty "desserts" for those still hungry after digesting the main "course"!
- Our region of Italy is one that has thankfully escaped the negative implications of a large tourism industry. The result is that the local population has very little English fluency, meaning that students will encounter a true Italian immersion, virtually devoid of people speaking English, whether locals or tourists. Indeed, 90% of Otranto's tourists come from other parts of Italy rather than abroad, further ensuring an English-free aural experience!
- Another distinct benefit of the region's low tourist profile is the fact that the individualistic tourists who do visit this magical land have interests different from those associated with mass tourism. For these discriminating visitors, the appeal lies with the culture, history, traditions and gastronomy of Apulia. Only in August does the population of Otranto traditionally swell with an influx of Italian holidaymakers.
- The Salentine peninsula of Italy is a region which breathes more slowly and deeply... The fast pace of life and short tempers of the North are dissolved by the atmosphere of this timeless landscape. People have time to stop and speak to you (in Italian!) and are more than generous with their help and enthusiasm. Otranto is a town that distils this spirit into one word: congeniality. There are no worries about crime or disorder, the sense of tranquil security is pervasive.
- The sea flanking Otranto is not only azure blue; it is the clearest and cleanest in Italy! This is a fact established in each of the last 3 years by virtue of Otranto's winning first prize in this important environmental cleanliness category.
- Otranto and its environs offer the student a sensorial feast. The air is free from pollution, scented with nature's bouquet of sweet and spicy fragrances. This sundrenched landscape provides the perfect conditions in which verdant crops flourish, with little artificial irrigation required. The land is carpeted with olive groves, vineyards and fruit orchards; natural vegetation also includes cactus, palm trees and pine forests. There are a number of environmental areas set aside by government as nature reserves, including dramatic, wild coastlines plus an Oasis founded by the WWF. Expanses of white sand beckon visitors to swim, or simply wade, in the warm azure waters lapping shores of hidden bays and crescent beaches. The school offers very interesting guided trips allowing students to experience firsthand these, and other, natural delights.
- Our school offers a friendly, personal and attentive approach to learning Italian. We are a small, intimate institution with a big desire to inspire learning in relaxed, yet professional surroundings. Individual attention is assured at all times.
- The climate of southern Italy is very benign; the cold, frosty winters of the North are unknown here. Our summer lasts from April to October, with temperatures averaging 25°C to 30°C. The hottest days of August are tempered in Otranto by gentle sea breezes from the Adriatic.
- Otranto provides a variety of services to meet all students' needs and desires. In town you will find banks, travel agencies, supermarkets, agencies to rent cars, motorbikes and bikes, restaurants, pizzerias, pubs, discotheques, a wide range of accommodation, exhibitions and cultural events, cinema, theatre and concerts (open-air in the summer).
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Scuola Porta D'Oriente
Via Antonio Primaldo, 70 - 73028 Otranto (LECCE) Italy
E-mail: info@porta-doriente.com
Web-Sites: www.porta-doriente.com - www.italienischammeer.com
www.italian-language-school.com - www.ecole-cours-italien.com
Phone: 0039 338 4562722 - Phone/Fax: 0039 0836 804431
ABOUT THE REGION AND
How to get to Otranto
Visit the town
Visit the region Apulia
Italian and Apulian culture
Photo Gallery of the Town
and the Region
Photos, prices and
F.A.Q. & LINKS
Doubts and questions?
Become an agent!