Kent, UK, 18 March 2002. Comodo, the Internet security specialist, have launched InstantSSL - a fast track and cost effective SSL Certificate service. InstantSSL is one of the growing number of X.509 digital certificate based products available through the Comodo Certification Authority (CA), joining both standard SSL Certificates and TrustToolbar Certificates in the Comodo certificate portfolio.
InstantSSL Certificates are guaranteed to be the most cost effective 128bit SSL certificates available today. At only P.O.A. for 1 year, and multiyear options of P.O.A. for 2 years and P.O.A. for 3 years, InstantSSL Certificates are a fraction of the price of comparable certificates from other CAs. Being technically identical to certificates issued by other CAs, InstantSSL Certificates are a new driving force in the widespread availability and affordability of SSL security for web servers. For more details on price differences, click here to view the InstantSSL comparison table.
The fast turnaround on an InstantSSL Certificate application is achieved through ready and direct access to the TrustToolbar directory - the largest directory on the web. Company and website validation processes and policies are already operational for the TrustToolbar system, allowing Comodo to leverage its investment in the directory for other certificate applications. This unique resource allows the majority of certificate applications to be processed in minutes rather than days.
The recent partnership with GlobalSign, the Brussels based CA, ensures that the Comodo root certificate is widely trusted by the majority of Internet users. All Internet Explorer 5.01 and above and Netscape 4.7 and above browser users will already inherently trust InstantSSL Certificates.
Comodo has also launched standard SSL Certificates available at P.O.A., P.O.A. and P.O.A. for 1 year, 2 years and 3 years validity period respectively. These SSL Certificates comprise a full $10,000 warranty for complete commercial peace of mind.
As a promotional offer, Comodo is packaging PremiumSSL certificates with TrustToolbar Merchant Suite at no additional cost for the PremiumSSL Certificate. This allows online merchants to purchase an industry standard SSL Certificate, as well as the TrustToolbar Merchant Suite (TMS), for the single price of only P.O.A.. This makes the TMS promo package the most cost effective means of buying SSL (plus all other fantastic TMS benefits) available in the industry today!


Trey Gowdy, the congressional Republican pit bull from South Carolina, explained why he wasn't about to offer immunity to a former Hillary Clinton staffer who refused to testify at a committee hearing Thursday.
A State Department information technology staff member who helped the former secretary of state set up a private server to handle her email traffic refused to answer questions before the House Select Committee on Benghazi.
During an approximately 20-minute session, Bryan Pagliano pleaded the Fifth Amendment during questioning in the closed-door committee hearing.
He pointed out that "there's an ongoing executive-branch investigation" into the matter of Clinton's emails.
The FBI, therefore, "needs to be the one to contemplate who to make a deal with, who to talk to [and] who to offer immunity to" — not Congress.
Gowdy spent the bulk of his Fox News interview answering critics of his decision to call the witness in the first place.
The IT professional was ordered to appear even though his attorney, Mark MacDougall, earlier sent a letter to the committee advising it that Pagliano would refuse to testify and invoke his Fifth Amendment right.
The request for testimonty ruffled the feathers of ranking Democratic member Elijah Cummings of Maryland.
"Mr. Cummings knows differently. He's a very accomplished attorney, and he knows you have to talk to every witness," Gowdy, chairman of the committee, told Kilmeade.
"He's never been interested in finding out what happened in Benghazi; he's interested in protecting Secretary Clinton, and he's had a bad summer," Gowdy said of Cummings.
But Gowdy pointed out that the attorney could not invoke the Fifth Amendment for his client; Magliano had to do it personally.
Gowdy then answered Cummings' accusation that the chairman's insistence that Magliano testify amounted to grandstanding.
Gowdy said it's the Democrats who more routinely grandstand.


London, Feb 12 (PTI) An Indian-origin robber who dressed up in a burqa to steal from a jewellery store while threatening a shop worker with a knife in the city of Leicester has been jailed for over four years behind bars.
The court was told how Patel was wearing a burqa and had a scarf across his face when he had entered the jewellery store in Haymarket area in the heart of Leicester last month. He was looking at a Rolex watch, valued at around 7,000 pounds, when staff became concerned about the way he was acting.
Patel asked to see another watch, leading to the member of staff saying she would have to put the first watch back. Patel then produced a knife and made threats to another staff member who was standing near the shop door before running off with the watch. A police constable and police community support officer (PCSO) were in the area on patrol in a car when they saw Patel running down Church Gate in Leicester. Their attention was drawn to Patel and they followed him and saw the watch in his hand before detaining the suspect to carry out a search. He was arrested soon after on January 5.
The knife, which Patel had dropped as he fled the shop, was picked up by another member of the public and taken to the shop. Further investigative work, including CCTV analysis, led to Patel being charged the same day of the offence, Leicestershire Police said.
"I'd like to thank the victims of this offence for being fully co-operative with our investigation following what must have been a terrifying incident. Patel showed no concern for anyone else when he carried out this crime and the consequences of his actions could have been far worse," added Thorpe.


Discover USC is a great opportunity to learn more about graduate education at USC and the world-class academics and vibrant campus life we offer. A representative of the USC Office of Graduate Admission will be on hand at Discover USC Taipei to answer questions.
No.3, Ln.39, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;

using Rant.Resources;

namespace Rant.Tools.Packer
{
	public class DependencyListConverter : JsonConverter
	{
		public override bool CanWrite => false;

		public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
		{
			throw new NotImplementedException();
		}

		public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
		{
			var array = JArray.Load(reader);
			var list = new List<RantPackageDependency>();
			foreach (var item in array)
			{
				var obj = item as JObject;
				if (obj == null) continue;
				var tId = obj["id"] as JValue;
				if (tId == null) continue;
				var tVersion = obj["version"] as JValue;
				if (tVersion == null) continue;
				var tAllowNewer = obj["allow-newer"] as JValue;
				var dep = new RantPackageDependency(tId.Value.ToString(), tVersion.Value.ToString());
				if (tAllowNewer != null && tAllowNewer.Type == JTokenType.Boolean)
					dep.AllowNewer = (bool)tAllowNewer.Value;
				list.Add(dep);
			}
			return list;
		}

		public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
		{
			return objectType == typeof(IEnumerable<RantPackageDependency>);
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
namespace llvm {
  class CallSite;
  class DataLayout;
  class TargetLibraryInfo;
  class DbgDeclareInst;
  class MemIntrinsic;
  class MemSetInst;

/// SelectPatternFlavor - We can match a variety of different patterns for
/// select operations.
enum SelectPatternFlavor {
  SPF_UNKNOWN = 0,
  SPF_SMIN, SPF_UMIN,
  SPF_SMAX, SPF_UMAX
  //SPF_ABS - TODO.
};

/// getComplexity:  Assign a complexity or rank value to LLVM Values...
///   0 -> undef, 1 -> Const, 2 -> Other, 3 -> Arg, 3 -> Unary, 4 -> OtherInst
static inline unsigned getComplexity(Value *V) {
  if (isa<Instruction>(V)) {
    if (BinaryOperator::isNeg(V) ||
        BinaryOperator::isFNeg(V) ||
        BinaryOperator::isNot(V))
      return 3;
    return 4;
  }
  if (isa<Argument>(V)) return 3;
  return isa<Constant>(V) ? (isa<UndefValue>(V) ? 0 : 1) : 2;
}

/// InstCombineIRInserter - This is an IRBuilder insertion helper that works
/// just like the normal insertion helper, but also adds any new instructions
/// to the instcombine worklist.
class LLVM_LIBRARY_VISIBILITY InstCombineIRInserter
    : public IRBuilderDefaultInserter<true> {
  InstCombineWorklist &Worklist;
public:
  InstCombineIRInserter(InstCombineWorklist &WL) : Worklist(WL) {}

  void InsertHelper(Instruction *I, const Twine &Name,
                    BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock::iterator InsertPt) const {
    IRBuilderDefaultInserter<true>::InsertHelper(I, Name, BB, InsertPt);
    Worklist.Add(I);
  }
};

/// InstCombiner - The -instcombine pass.
class LLVM_LIBRARY_VISIBILITY InstCombiner
                             : public FunctionPass,
                               public InstVisitor<InstCombiner, Instruction*> {
  DataLayout *TD;
  TargetLibraryInfo *TLI;
  bool MadeIRChange;
  LibCallSimplifier *Simplifier;
  bool MinimizeSize;
public:
  /// Worklist - All of the instructions that need to be simplified.
  InstCombineWorklist Worklist;

  /// Builder - This is an IRBuilder that automatically inserts new
  /// instructions into the worklist when they are created.
  typedef IRBuilder<true, TargetFolder, InstCombineIRInserter> BuilderTy;
  BuilderTy *Builder;

  static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid
  InstCombiner() : FunctionPass(ID), TD(0), Builder(0) {
    MinimizeSize = false;
    initializeInstCombinerPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
  }

public:
  virtual bool runOnFunction(Function &F);

  bool DoOneIteration(Function &F, unsigned ItNum);

  virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const;

  DataLayout *getDataLayout() const { return TD; }

  TargetLibraryInfo *getTargetLibraryInfo() const { return TLI; }

  // Visitation implementation - Implement instruction combining for different
  // instruction types.  The semantics are as follows:
  // Return Value:
  //    null        - No change was made
  //     I          - Change was made, I is still valid, I may be dead though
  //   otherwise    - Change was made, replace I with returned instruction
  //
  Instruction *visitAdd(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitFAdd(BinaryOperator &I);
  Value *OptimizePointerDifference(Value *LHS, Value *RHS, Type *Ty);
  Instruction *visitSub(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitFSub(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitMul(BinaryOperator &I);
  Value *foldFMulConst(Instruction *FMulOrDiv, ConstantFP *C,
                       Instruction *InsertBefore);
  Instruction *visitFMul(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitURem(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitSRem(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitFRem(BinaryOperator &I);
  bool SimplifyDivRemOfSelect(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonRemTransforms(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonIRemTransforms(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonDivTransforms(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonIDivTransforms(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitUDiv(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitSDiv(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitFDiv(BinaryOperator &I);
  Value *FoldAndOfICmps(ICmpInst *LHS, ICmpInst *RHS);
  Value *FoldAndOfFCmps(FCmpInst *LHS, FCmpInst *RHS);
  Instruction *visitAnd(BinaryOperator &I);
  Value *FoldOrOfICmps(ICmpInst *LHS, ICmpInst *RHS);
  Value *FoldOrOfFCmps(FCmpInst *LHS, FCmpInst *RHS);
  Instruction *FoldOrWithConstants(BinaryOperator &I, Value *Op,
                                   Value *A, Value *B, Value *C);
  Instruction *visitOr (BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitXor(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitShl(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitAShr(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *visitLShr(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonShiftTransforms(BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *FoldFCmp_IntToFP_Cst(FCmpInst &I, Instruction *LHSI,
                                    Constant *RHSC);
  Instruction *FoldCmpLoadFromIndexedGlobal(GetElementPtrInst *GEP,
                                            GlobalVariable *GV, CmpInst &ICI,
                                            ConstantInt *AndCst = 0);
  Instruction *visitFCmpInst(FCmpInst &I);
  Instruction *visitICmpInst(ICmpInst &I);
  Instruction *visitICmpInstWithCastAndCast(ICmpInst &ICI);
  Instruction *visitICmpInstWithInstAndIntCst(ICmpInst &ICI,
                                              Instruction *LHS,
                                              ConstantInt *RHS);
  Instruction *FoldICmpDivCst(ICmpInst &ICI, BinaryOperator *DivI,
                              ConstantInt *DivRHS);
  Instruction *FoldICmpShrCst(ICmpInst &ICI, BinaryOperator *DivI,
                              ConstantInt *DivRHS);
  Instruction *FoldICmpAddOpCst(Instruction &ICI, Value *X, ConstantInt *CI,
                                ICmpInst::Predicate Pred);
  Instruction *FoldGEPICmp(GEPOperator *GEPLHS, Value *RHS,
                           ICmpInst::Predicate Cond, Instruction &I);
  Instruction *FoldShiftByConstant(Value *Op0, ConstantInt *Op1,
                                   BinaryOperator &I);
  Instruction *commonCastTransforms(CastInst &CI);
  Instruction *commonPointerCastTransforms(CastInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitTrunc(TruncInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitZExt(ZExtInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitSExt(SExtInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitFPTrunc(FPTruncInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitFPExt(CastInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitFPToUI(FPToUIInst &FI);
  Instruction *visitFPToSI(FPToSIInst &FI);
  Instruction *visitUIToFP(CastInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitSIToFP(CastInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitPtrToInt(PtrToIntInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitIntToPtr(IntToPtrInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitBitCast(BitCastInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitAddrSpaceCast(AddrSpaceCastInst &CI);
  Instruction *FoldSelectOpOp(SelectInst &SI, Instruction *TI,
                              Instruction *FI);
  Instruction *FoldSelectIntoOp(SelectInst &SI, Value*, Value*);
  Instruction *FoldSPFofSPF(Instruction *Inner, SelectPatternFlavor SPF1,
                            Value *A, Value *B, Instruction &Outer,
                            SelectPatternFlavor SPF2, Value *C);
  Instruction *visitSelectInst(SelectInst &SI);
  Instruction *visitSelectInstWithICmp(SelectInst &SI, ICmpInst *ICI);
  Instruction *visitCallInst(CallInst &CI);
  Instruction *visitInvokeInst(InvokeInst &II);

  Instruction *SliceUpIllegalIntegerPHI(PHINode &PN);
  Instruction *visitPHINode(PHINode &PN);
  Instruction *visitGetElementPtrInst(GetElementPtrInst &GEP);
  Instruction *visitAllocaInst(AllocaInst &AI);
  Instruction *visitAllocSite(Instruction &FI);
  Instruction *visitFree(CallInst &FI);
  Instruction *visitLoadInst(LoadInst &LI);
  Instruction *visitStoreInst(StoreInst &SI);
  Instruction *visitBranchInst(BranchInst &BI);
  Instruction *visitSwitchInst(SwitchInst &SI);
  Instruction *visitInsertElementInst(InsertElementInst &IE);
  Instruction *visitExtractElementInst(ExtractElementInst &EI);
  Instruction *visitShuffleVectorInst(ShuffleVectorInst &SVI);
  Instruction *visitExtractValueInst(ExtractValueInst &EV);
  Instruction *visitLandingPadInst(LandingPadInst &LI);

  // visitInstruction - Specify what to return for unhandled instructions...
  Instruction *visitInstruction(Instruction &I) { return 0; }

private:
  bool ShouldChangeType(Type *From, Type *To) const;
  Value *dyn_castNegVal(Value *V) const;
  Value *dyn_castFNegVal(Value *V, bool NoSignedZero=false) const;
  Type *FindElementAtOffset(Type *PtrTy, int64_t Offset,
                            SmallVectorImpl<Value*> &NewIndices);
  Instruction *FoldOpIntoSelect(Instruction &Op, SelectInst *SI);

  /// ShouldOptimizeCast - Return true if the cast from "V to Ty" actually
  /// results in any code being generated and is interesting to optimize out. If
  /// the cast can be eliminated by some other simple transformation, we prefer
  /// to do the simplification first.
  bool ShouldOptimizeCast(Instruction::CastOps opcode,const Value *V,
                          Type *Ty);

  Instruction *visitCallSite(CallSite CS);
  Instruction *tryOptimizeCall(CallInst *CI, const DataLayout *TD);
  bool transformConstExprCastCall(CallSite CS);
  Instruction *transformCallThroughTrampoline(CallSite CS,
                                              IntrinsicInst *Tramp);
  Instruction *transformZExtICmp(ICmpInst *ICI, Instruction &CI,
                                 bool DoXform = true);
  Instruction *transformSExtICmp(ICmpInst *ICI, Instruction &CI);
  bool WillNotOverflowSignedAdd(Value *LHS, Value *RHS);
  Value *EmitGEPOffset(User *GEP);
  Instruction *scalarizePHI(ExtractElementInst &EI, PHINode *PN);
  Value *EvaluateInDifferentElementOrder(Value *V, ArrayRef<int> Mask);

public:
  // InsertNewInstBefore - insert an instruction New before instruction Old
  // in the program.  Add the new instruction to the worklist.
  //
  Instruction *InsertNewInstBefore(Instruction *New, Instruction &Old) {
    assert(New && New->getParent() == 0 &&
           "New instruction already inserted into a basic block!");
    BasicBlock *BB = Old.getParent();
    BB->getInstList().insert(&Old, New);  // Insert inst
    Worklist.Add(New);
    return New;
  }

  // InsertNewInstWith - same as InsertNewInstBefore, but also sets the
  // debug loc.
  //
  Instruction *InsertNewInstWith(Instruction *New, Instruction &Old) {
    New->setDebugLoc(Old.getDebugLoc());
    return InsertNewInstBefore(New, Old);
  }

  // ReplaceInstUsesWith - This method is to be used when an instruction is
  // found to be dead, replacable with another preexisting expression.  Here
  // we add all uses of I to the worklist, replace all uses of I with the new
  // value, then return I, so that the inst combiner will know that I was
  // modified.
  //
  Instruction *ReplaceInstUsesWith(Instruction &I, Value *V) {
    Worklist.AddUsersToWorkList(I);   // Add all modified instrs to worklist.

    // If we are replacing the instruction with itself, this must be in a
    // segment of unreachable code, so just clobber the instruction.
    if (&I == V)
      V = UndefValue::get(I.getType());

    DEBUG(dbgs() << "IC: Replacing " << I << "\n"
                    "    with " << *V << '\n');

    I.replaceAllUsesWith(V);
    return &I;
  }

  // EraseInstFromFunction - When dealing with an instruction that has side
  // effects or produces a void value, we can't rely on DCE to delete the
  // instruction.  Instead, visit methods should return the value returned by
  // this function.
  Instruction *EraseInstFromFunction(Instruction &I) {
    DEBUG(dbgs() << "IC: ERASE " << I << '\n');

    assert(I.use_empty() && "Cannot erase instruction that is used!");
    // Make sure that we reprocess all operands now that we reduced their
    // use counts.
    if (I.getNumOperands() < 8) {
      for (User::op_iterator i = I.op_begin(), e = I.op_end(); i != e; ++i)
        if (Instruction *Op = dyn_cast<Instruction>(*i))
          Worklist.Add(Op);
    }
    Worklist.Remove(&I);
    I.eraseFromParent();
    MadeIRChange = true;
    return 0;  // Don't do anything with FI
  }

  void ComputeMaskedBits(Value *V, APInt &KnownZero,
                         APInt &KnownOne, unsigned Depth = 0) const {
    return llvm::ComputeMaskedBits(V, KnownZero, KnownOne, TD, Depth);
  }

  bool MaskedValueIsZero(Value *V, const APInt &Mask,
                         unsigned Depth = 0) const {
    return llvm::MaskedValueIsZero(V, Mask, TD, Depth);
  }
  unsigned ComputeNumSignBits(Value *Op, unsigned Depth = 0) const {
    return llvm::ComputeNumSignBits(Op, TD, Depth);
  }

private:

  /// SimplifyAssociativeOrCommutative - This performs a few simplifications for
  /// operators which are associative or commutative.
  bool SimplifyAssociativeOrCommutative(BinaryOperator &I);

  /// SimplifyUsingDistributiveLaws - This tries to simplify binary operations
  /// which some other binary operation distributes over either by factorizing
  /// out common terms (eg "(A*B)+(A*C)" -> "A*(B+C)") or expanding out if this
  /// results in simplifications (eg: "A & (B | C) -> (A&B) | (A&C)" if this is
  /// a win).  Returns the simplified value, or null if it didn't simplify.
  Value *SimplifyUsingDistributiveLaws(BinaryOperator &I);

  /// SimplifyDemandedUseBits - Attempts to replace V with a simpler value
  /// based on the demanded bits.
  Value *SimplifyDemandedUseBits(Value *V, APInt DemandedMask,
                                 APInt& KnownZero, APInt& KnownOne,
                                 unsigned Depth);
  bool SimplifyDemandedBits(Use &U, APInt DemandedMask,
                            APInt& KnownZero, APInt& KnownOne,
                            unsigned Depth=0);
  /// Helper routine of SimplifyDemandedUseBits. It tries to simplify demanded
  /// bit for "r1 = shr x, c1; r2 = shl r1, c2" instruction sequence.
  Value *SimplifyShrShlDemandedBits(Instruction *Lsr, Instruction *Sftl,
                                    APInt DemandedMask, APInt &KnownZero,
                                    APInt &KnownOne);

  /// SimplifyDemandedInstructionBits - Inst is an integer instruction that
  /// SimplifyDemandedBits knows about.  See if the instruction has any
  /// properties that allow us to simplify its operands.
  bool SimplifyDemandedInstructionBits(Instruction &Inst);

  Value *SimplifyDemandedVectorElts(Value *V, APInt DemandedElts,
                                    APInt& UndefElts, unsigned Depth = 0);

  // FoldOpIntoPhi - Given a binary operator, cast instruction, or select
  // which has a PHI node as operand #0, see if we can fold the instruction
  // into the PHI (which is only possible if all operands to the PHI are
  // constants).
  //
  Instruction *FoldOpIntoPhi(Instruction &I);

  // FoldPHIArgOpIntoPHI - If all operands to a PHI node are the same "unary"
  // operator and they all are only used by the PHI, PHI together their
  // inputs, and do the operation once, to the result of the PHI.
  Instruction *FoldPHIArgOpIntoPHI(PHINode &PN);
  Instruction *FoldPHIArgBinOpIntoPHI(PHINode &PN);
  Instruction *FoldPHIArgGEPIntoPHI(PHINode &PN);
  Instruction *FoldPHIArgLoadIntoPHI(PHINode &PN);

  Instruction *OptAndOp(Instruction *Op, ConstantInt *OpRHS,
                        ConstantInt *AndRHS, BinaryOperator &TheAnd);

  Value *FoldLogicalPlusAnd(Value *LHS, Value *RHS, ConstantInt *Mask,
                            bool isSub, Instruction &I);
  Value *InsertRangeTest(Value *V, Constant *Lo, Constant *Hi,
                         bool isSigned, bool Inside);
  Instruction *PromoteCastOfAllocation(BitCastInst &CI, AllocaInst &AI);
  Instruction *MatchBSwap(BinaryOperator &I);
  bool SimplifyStoreAtEndOfBlock(StoreInst &SI);
  Instruction *SimplifyMemTransfer(MemIntrinsic *MI);
  Instruction *SimplifyMemSet(MemSetInst *MI);

  Value *EvaluateInDifferentType(Value *V, Type *Ty, bool isSigned);

  /// Descale - Return a value X such that Val = X * Scale, or null if none.  If
  /// the multiplication is known not to overflow then NoSignedWrap is set.
  Value *Descale(Value *Val, APInt Scale, bool &NoSignedWrap);
};

} // end namespace llvm.

#endif


You can Shut down Mazor Farm. In these critical last moments of the struggle to shut down Mazor Farm, an Israeli monkeys breeding farm selling them to horrible experiments, every voice counts. A 22-year animal rights fight is at its peak & needs your action now.
WE DO NO MORE HARM.
Please stop doing this! This is against God'ls s law!! Animals r part of his creation not to b treated as objects but to love them!!
Please don't smear Israel's reputation further…I am a Jew, and I cringe at having to empathize with and stand up for you all too often. Stop this cruel practice, now.
Stacey, thank you for your excellent letter and your important cause. Nice to see something good happen for the monkeys.
Thank you so much, dear Arthur!


Diet- minimal 5 servings of veggies!
Sleep- 7 hrs every night!
Stress- less than 5/10 if you want to get rid of that muffin top!
Ready to take the first step to a healthier you? Try my free 3 day whole body detox and start seeing results (weight loss, more energy, better mood and clearer skin) in JUST 3 DAYS!


text:
Charases aristogiton est une espèce d'insectes lépidoptères  appartenant à la famille des Nymphalidae, à la sous-famille des Charaxinae et au genre Charaxes.

Dénomination
Charaxes aristogiton a été nommé par Cajetan Freiherr von Felder et Rudolf Felder en 1867.

Sous-espèces
 Charaxes aristogiton aristogiton présent en Inde.
 Charaxes aristogiton peridoneus Fruhstorfer, 1914 ; présent dans toute l'Indochine.

Noms vernaculaires
Charaxes  aristogiton se nomme Scarce Tawny Rajah en anglais.

Description
Charaxes  aristogiton est un grand papillon d'une envergure de 94 à , au dessus jaune d'or avec aux ailes antérieures une large bande marginale marron ornée d'une ligne de chevrons jaunes et aux postérieures une ligne submarginale de taches marron pupillées de blanc.

Le revers est jaune à reflets argent avec des veines foncées bien visibles.

Biologie

Plantes hôtes

Écologie et distribution
Il est présent en Asie du Sud-Est, en Inde et dans toute la péninsule indochinoise.

Biotope

Protection
Pas de protection : des spécimens sont vendus sur internet.

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Lepidoptère

Liens externes
 butterflies of India

Lépidoptère (nom scientifique)
Charaxinae
Lépidoptère d'Asie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This very long post about running my first half marathon is not for the faint of heart, so if you are one of my friends and family members who are into this one, thank you so much in advance for reading. I have so many thoughts about today—just trying to process them all, in any discursive way I can think of, ha ha!
Carbo loading at Buono's last night in Long Beach!
Since children's literature is all the rage at our house these days, on my mind as I write this journal entry is Harold and the Purple Crayon by Crockett Johnson. Harold is a young artist whose purple crayon becomes the symbol for his role as the author/creator of his life. He embarks on a journey one night—the reader assumes it is merely in Harold's head as he draws on his paper, though there are other possibilities that are resonant of Sendak—only to find that his crayon both creates the labyrinth in which he finds himself and becomes the only tool by which he may return to his bed (or, at least, a imaginary drawing of his bed).
Harold is the creator of his path. He gets lost this way and that. Sometimes he wonders where he is. Other times he is content with not having a plan and living by a stream of consciousness. He draws himself into and out of trouble. He settles down at one point for a long picnic. Mostly, he is content until that moment when he wants more than anything to get back to the place where he is himself.
For awhile he cannot remember the way home, and then, suddenly he does. He remembers where his bedroom window is relative to the moon. The moon: the reflection of the sun's fire, the symbol of what ignites to keep all of us on Earth growing and living and changing.
And I grabbed my crayon, and that was running and overhauling my nutrition.
And I found my moon, and that was my inner spark that I remember glowing brightly at age 17 and 18, and which I had begun to surrender until it was a dim ember.
And I found my way back to myself. And I feel like the person I was when there was laughter in my eyes at everything. And I feel like that girl who had so much living left to do at 17. And I feel like the person I was when I was hungry…really hungry. Not for food, not for playing it safe, but hungry for achievement, hungry to prove my worth to myself, hungry to push myself until I could find my breaking point, hungry to know myself. To draw my own character and pathway, to write my own narrative and plot, to take ownership of flaws and all. To face fear, particularly of failure (the perfectionist's curse), and to resolve to be stronger than that fear whatever it took.
I ran my first half marathon this morning in Long Beach.
Heck, it wasn't just my first half marathon; no, this was my first official race ever in my life. Two years ago—all of my life, in fact—I would have said I would never be the kind of person who could accomplish this. I would have laughed out loud if someone had said that one day I would be a distance runner, and not only that, but that I would love it and breathe it and want it. I have never been particularly athletic, with the exception of some rec soccer for a few years and a small period of time when I jogged and biked with my mom. I've never raced in a pool; I've never raced on a bike. In fact, I have never done anything of athletic significance.
Until the past 16 months.
I'd already been running for about four months last October when I watched my dad race his first half marathon in Long Beach. He made me so, so proud that day. Here was a man who had completely overhauled his life, too, though that would be his story to tell. He had his crayons out and blazing for a couple of years, and I will always respect him so much for the ways that he has decided to evolve beginning in 2007. I don't know if he was afraid when he began to seek his inner spark again, but I imagine he might have been. As I watched him race last year, it still did not occur to me that I could ever do that with him. He inspired me to keep going in my training (at that time, I was beginning to achieve 3 miles on thrice weekly runs after spending the summer struggling with 1s and 2s). He mentioned how fun it would be to run Long Beach together.
Sometime in the spring of this year I hit my first 6 miles. My friend Elaine was totally inspirational, and there were others as well. One day in late spring/early summer my friend Steve mentioned that he ran an 8-er along the beach one morning. Well, of course I had to see if I could do it, too. I could…but it was slow and painful. My rule for myself, though, was: when you are out for a run, you will never walk. And it had been since starting in June 2012. One crazy day I pushed myself to do 9.5. My dad intensified his call for us to do the Long Beach half together.
If I committed, I was going to work at it. If I committed, I would be putting myself out there and have my times and so on looked at publicly. If I committed, it was all or nothing in the training no matter how early I had to get up or what else I had to do without (TV late at night, weekends sleeping in, coveted personal time given to this instead of to other hobbies). It would mean going out the door even if my babies were up earlier than expected and cried a bit (they did a couple times, then they adapted—good to know). It would mean, above all, becoming emotionally invested in a set of outrageous (it seemed at the time) goals and worrying about being hard on myself if I didn't perform a certain way.
Who wants to be ruled by fear, right? Plus, I wanted to experience this as a father-daughter event with my dad. It would be a memory with him.
Training started. I trained at first by just varying my run lengths and listening to my body. I pushed whenever I could push. I tried to get a little faster and stronger each time. I ran at least five days a week. My initial goal was to finish the half.
In mid-summer I started getting times that made me think my goal could be to finish in 2 hours.
Then a couple months ago, I confided to Bill that I wanted to go sub-2 hours.
When Bill and I got married, he had no reason to believe he was marrying any kind of runner. He married me anyway, despite the fact that running had been a huge part of his life (both as a decathlete and coach) since high school. There is no one I have ever met, either, who knows more about the whole history of track and field than Bill does. He can recite stats and anecdotes about races that took place decades ago. He coached for awhile at UCR. By the time we got married, he was no longer running but it was still a HUGE passion for him that I did not share. Kind of like when I talked about Brit lit to him. I appreciated his knowledge, but we could not truly share it. We connected on so many other topics, though, that we did not need to share this. Still, I always found myself wishing I could have known him back when he ran or could access his passion with him in a more meaningful way so that I could know him as fully as possible.
I trust my husband's knowledge of running completely. I asked him to be in charge of my taper. He knows my body and had been charting my times with me. We would spend time looking at splits. I knew he would taper me perfectly. I told him that I have so much faith in him that, whatever he asked me to do for a taper, I would do without a single question.
He tapered me perfectly. He spent two weeks on my taper, each day telling me what to do. He found ways to speak in a coaching language I understood describing the kinds of runs he wanted me to do and how he wanted my legs to feel when I was doing them. We are so close that sometimes it feels like our minds share thoughts. It was amazing how many times during this process, even down to the day when I whispered my new goal to him, that we were thinking the same things about the process. He asked me to do a tempo run at 5K last Saturday. I went sub-7 minutes average per mile. Many people might think that was crazy a week out, but I did it…and he was correct. I never doubted it. I knew he would get my legs to where they needed to be if I just obeyed what he asked of me.
My legs felt perfect today. I could almost not believe how they felt. I could not have asked for better legs this morning. As much as I have loved my Bill, sharing this with him has only made me love him more. I don't let many people unchecked into my "runner's head" because it is so mental, but letting him in has made us that much closer.
My official time for the Long Beach Half Marathon is 1:43:06.
According to one result site, I was the 110th woman out of 6906. According to another, I was 107th. I was also either 19th or 20th in my age-gender grouping (Female 30-34) out of 1222. (Some of the results are still sorting out a bit). At some point, I might post the link on Facebook, but as of this writing, these are the results I have. I think if you have my bib number, you can go check, too.
When I found out some of this data I was laughing, like, "WHAT?" 19th or 20th in my gender-age group? Hold on. When did I become that kind of runner? It's almost ridiculous to think that I did that, and I will be processing that one for awhile.
My splits are still coming in officially, but I have them unofficially on my GPS. Most of my miles were under 8 minutes. My average pace was 7:46.
I cried a bit when I crossed the finish line, and I thought I might since I'm an ooshy-gooshy. It was the culmination of so much work, and I met my most wild goal. I felt so bowled over by how much all of that hard work paid off with that time of 1:43:06 and how this truly was one of the biggest and most important events in my life so far….right up there with marrying Bill, laboring our kiddos, getting into Stanford, and being part of the Mock Trial team that won county in 1998. This moment is part of my narrative now, and the fire within that it represents is a fundamental part of me that I will never surrender ever again.
The surprising emotion occurred, though, as I was waiting in line to start with my dad. Bill, my mom, and my kiddos were over by the starting line to see us, and we were waving and blowing kisses. Suddenly I really took in the fact that my children were there…and that I so much want for them in their lives to set wild goals like this and go achieve them. I want them to feel that spark in their hearts, too. I also started thinking about how becoming a runner who is also fueling herself healthily has changed the kind of mother I am toward them (more patient, etc) and how they deserve that. Partly this whole lifestyle change started out for me, but it was also for my whole family. I want them to have me at my best—-and I am not talking about being thin. I am talking about having me at my mental best, at my most driven, at my most vibrant, my most excited and eager. And I want them to one day be as proud of me as I am of my dad.
In fact, I had to look away after a point because I was starting to get weepy and I had a race to run.
The other moment I welled up with tears was around mile two. I was crossing a bridge and looking out at the sunlight breaking through the clouds over the Queen Mary. A boat was nearby making sprays of water into designs. It was one of the most beautiful sights I ever seen, and I felt such….freedom. Like the kind of freedom where your heart soars way up into the sky and you breathe in that cleansing air and you feel so alive.
I started in the 2:10:00 wave with my dad and then decided to get quickly into my pace. I had been forewarned by many not to jump out the gate, and I took that to heart. If there was one thing I wanted to do at this race, it was to control it mentally. I did a sub-8 and wound through people. I hit my pace and then cruised. My legs felt great, thanks to Bill's taper. The first four miles seemed to zoom by. I tried to look around and fully savor the day, and to be present.
I used a playlist made up of tried and true favorites. A few days ago I tried a new playlist I had made, thinking it would be meaningful to put songs in order from childhood through present day and "run through the phases of my life" for 13.1 miles to add a layer of significance to the event. Well, I tried that out on a run and it did not work. So a couple nights ago I retooled the list to what I listen to now. Perhaps there are some phases I really don't need to revisit, eh, even for the sake of narrative?
As I headed out toward mile 6 I caught up with the pacer who was pacing for 1:50:00…and who had left a few waves before we had. I tucked in with him for awhile, then passed him. A former student of mine from 2008 lives in a house on the Belmont Shore area, and she was out cheering. That is, I knew she was, but we missed seeing each other. Still, A, I kept picturing you there and looking for you and it was extra motivating to keep doing my best. I loved everyone's signs, and there were some really funny ones that made me laugh and smile and kept me entertained.
I took water a few times but had nothing else during the race. I fueled up beforehand with a Pro Bar, which I usually eat after. I train always on no fuel, which (I happened to read a couple weeks ago in Runner's World) apparently is a good thing to do if you want to burn carbs more efficiently on the day of a race. I didn't know that for most of the summer, but I guess it helped. I took nutrition after the race, and the little amount I had beforehand seemed to work for me. I did cramp after a bit of water around mile 9, but I ran through it.
One moment I loved was Bill cheering me on around mile 6—was it? There was just this spot, and my gut knew he would be there. We hadn't talked about it at all beforehand, not even when looking at maps. I just knew suddenly as I was approaching it that if I looked for him, I would find him there…and he was. It was this totally cool and weirdo-married-person-Oneness moment of such a bond between us that there was no doubt in my mind, and right as I came around to that straightaway, sure enough there he was just like I knew he would be. Communication on another level? It is almost like my mind's eye saw him there before my eyes saw him there. He was tracking me in various ways (he can always see my phone's location, for one thing), and I could tell by his face and voice that my pacing was going really well, the way he had coached me to go. It was super motivating for the next few miles.
After I came in, I watched with my family for my dad to come in and then we walked back to our hotel (Hilton). We had an extended check-out time, so that gave us a bit of time to change and have a leisurely lunch. I refueled right after the race on a banana and protein bar, and then I had a yummy lunch: baba ganoush, hummus, flatbread, and then an arugula salad with red and golden beets, pecans, warm goat cheese, a bit of grilled chicken, oranges, and a pomegranate vinaigrette. All my body craved was veggies and a bit of protein.
Then we came home, and it was back to our lives here. We cleaned the chicken coop, let the girls out for a run, practiced a bit of soccer for Katie, watered our mums, and generally had a quiet sort of evening. I made a super spinach and pineapple smoothie with Greek yogurt and almond butter and bee pollen to have with dinner. So yummy!
Stay hungry, stay foolish, right?
Thank you for sharing yourself with us. Your journey motivates me to focus more on my inner spark.
This recap just makes my heart jump into my throat and long to run, run, run… This little part of me desperately wants to talk running with you in little and big details.. Mostly just pick your brain about your training and your eating and all those goods especially with my second marathon on the horizon. 🙂 Congratulations on your first race, and on your amazing pace!


travel with your pet! Pet Friendly Aspen!
Travel with your Pet to Aspen, Colorado!
We want to help you bring your cat or dog on vacation to Aspen!
There is so much to see and do for fun! So check the fun page. Summer or winter, Aspen is the best. Check out our sister site for winter fun in Aspen skiing! Discount everything in Aspen!
Be sure to check our by owner pet friendly rentals , pet friendly hotels and pet friendly restaurants in Aspen! Renting a by owner pet friendly vacation rental is a great way to go when you have a pet. New! wheelchair accessible, petfriendly, by owner rentals in Aspen.
Want to do a by owner search for yourself? Try Vrbo/Homeaway- filtered for Aspen and pet friendly - just select your dates and how many people you need to sleep!
Pet Friendly Hotels in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Pet Friendly Hotels in Aspen!
and more pet friendly hotels in Aspen!
Type "Aspen" and your dates! Best Western recognizes the ever growing needs for pet friendly accommodations. "We strive to offer our guests and their furry friends a comfortable stay and have done our best to ensure consistency at all of our pet friendly properties. There may be a maximum $20 per day charge for each room with a pet or multiple pets or a maximum per week charge of $100. A refundable damage deposit of up to $50 per stay may be required of all guests with a pet.
Pet Friendly By Owner Rentals in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Pet Friendly By Owner Vacation Rentals in Aspen!
VRBO 228595 - Pet friendly AND wheelchair accessible.
Flagstone and grass patio, flower gardens,restored antique bamboo furniture; large, open space full off art objects, kitchen with high end appliances, glass cupboards, King in master, (heated) teak flooring, double insulated for winder, outdoor jacuzzi, 7 night min stay.
and more pet friendly by owner rentals in Aspen!
Pet Friendly Dog Parks in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Wagner Park is one of the most visited and used parks within Aspen. It has a professionally sized rugby field that is used for many events, and adjacent to the park is a large public restroom facility, as well as a popular playground area and pedestrian walking wall.
and more about dog parks in Aspen!
Pet Friendly Restaurants in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Dog Friendly Restaurants in Aspen!
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Pet Day Care in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Pet Day Care in Aspen!
Pet resort offering a variety of services for your pets, including pet boarding, doggie daycare, grooming, off-site excursions, and a "taxi" to bring your pet to and from the facility as necessary.
and more pet daycare facilities in Aspen!
Vets in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
Emergency pet care after hours and on weekends and holidays for companion animals, staffed 24/7; offer emergency and critical care, orthopedic surgery, cardiology, ophthalmology, avian and exotic services, ultrasonography and more!
and more vets in Aspen!
Having Fun in Aspen, Colorado! See our selection!
and more fun things to do in Aspen! How about a spa or beauty treatment?
Traveling with a pet to Aspen, CO! Dangers for Your Dog Hiking in Colorado!
Spend some time on our videos page, which shows videos of pet travelers having a great time in Aspen. Our travel store can help outfit with the latest great products for your travels. Please take a look at our blog, and other cities we have done research on on our main map!
Have a question? Post it! We will answer, and invite others to do so as well. This is a community! And thankyou for coming to our site! This is the www.petfriendlyaspen.com page of the www.petfriendlynorthamerica.com global website.


text:
Do We Think We're Good Drivers Here in Minnesota? You Betcha!
Curt St. John Updated: October 22, 2020
A new survey has asked drivers in each state to rate how good they think they are behind the wheel, and, don'tcha know, we think we're pretty good at driving here in Minnesota.
Are you a good driver? Well, of course, YOU are-- it's all those OTHER drivers out there on West Circle Drive, I-90, I-35 or Highway-52 that don't know what they're doing, right? That's pretty much what EVERYBODY seems to think, at least according to this new survey of the Best and Worst Drivers By State.
The crew over at EmpireCovers.com set to try to figure just which state actually has the best and worst drivers-- and how good drivers in each state THINK they are. They conducted a survey of over 2,600 licensed drivers from around the country, and anonymously asked them what kind of car they drive, where they are from, how many points have been taken off their licenses, their accident and ticket history, and more-- including what kind of driving skill they think they possess.
And here in Minnesota, their survey says we think we're pretty good at driving. We rated ourselves an 8.1 on a scale of 1 to 10 when it comes to driving skills behind the wheel. That's just above the national average of 7.9. Which pretty much fits with our Minnesota mindset, doesn't it? Yeah, we're not flashy but we're certainly above average here in the Land of 10,000 Lakes, right?
Drivers in our neighboring states of Wisconsin and Iowa gave themselves similar scores of 8 on that 1 to 10 scale when it comes to driving, though the folks over in South Dakota say drivers in their state only rate a 6! (Well, at least they're honest over there in SoDak.) You can check the full driving survey HERE.
And, as long as we're talking about driving, the cost of gasoline here in Minnesota is still relatively cheap, but do you remember what cost when you first got your license-- or better yet, how cheap it was the year you were born?!? Keep scrolling to take a look!
Listen to Curt St. John from 6 to 10 a.m. on Quick Country 96.5
and from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. on 103.9 The Doc
UP NEXT: See how much gasoline cost the year you started driving
Source: Do We Think We're Good Drivers Here in Minnesota? You Betcha!
Filed Under: driving, Minnesota
Stay Safe: Items to Have in Your Car During Minnesota's Snow Storm
What To Do If You See Someone Texting While Driving In Minnesota
I Found The Most Annoying Road in Rochester
Latest Scam in Minnesota is About Fake Traffic Violations

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
"""add_last_saved_at_to_slice_model

Revision ID: 6d20ba9ecb33
Revises: 'f6196627326f'
Create Date: 2021-08-02 21:14:58.200438

"""

# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
revision = "6d20ba9ecb33"
down_revision = "f6196627326f"

import sqlalchemy as sa
from alembic import op

def upgrade():
    with op.batch_alter_table("slices") as batch_op:
        batch_op.add_column(sa.Column("last_saved_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True))
        batch_op.add_column(sa.Column("last_saved_by_fk", sa.Integer(), nullable=True))
        batch_op.create_foreign_key(
            "slices_last_saved_by_fk", "ab_user", ["last_saved_by_fk"], ["id"]
        )

    # now do data migration, copy values from changed_on and changed_by
    slices_table = sa.Table(
        "slices",
        sa.MetaData(),
        sa.Column("changed_on", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True),
        sa.Column("changed_by_fk", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
        sa.Column("last_saved_at", sa.DateTime(), nullable=True),
        sa.Column("last_saved_by_fk", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
    )
    conn = op.get_bind()
    conn.execute(
        slices_table.update().values(
            last_saved_at=slices_table.c.changed_on,
            last_saved_by_fk=slices_table.c.changed_by_fk,
        )
    )
    # ### end Alembic commands ###

def downgrade():
    with op.batch_alter_table("slices") as batch_op:
        batch_op.drop_constraint("slices_last_saved_by_fk", type_="foreignkey")
        batch_op.drop_column("last_saved_by_fk")
        batch_op.drop_column("last_saved_at")
    # ### end Alembic commands ###


Ikea bed 90x120 without mattress, 2 chairs and 1 shelf. Take one thing or all together! You need a friend to take the bed down 1 stairs.
This is Lisette's ad in the app Tiptapp. Use the app to get help from one of our thousand users willing to help out with pick-ups and deliveries e.g. recycling or furniture you buy second hand.


text:
Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review
Bong Hyun Kim1,2,
Min Hee Kim1,3,
Se Hyun Kang1,2 &
Hae Jeong Nam ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9974-08631,2
In a former meta-analysis review, acupuncture was considered a potentially effective treatment for dry eye syndrome (DES), but there were heterogeneities among the outcomes. We updated the meta-analysis and conducted subgroup analysis to reduce the heterogeneity and suggest the most effective acupuncture method based on clinical trials.
We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in 10 databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTAL, AMED, SCOPUS, CNKI, Wangfang database, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Koreamed, J-stage) and searched by hand to compare the effects of acupuncture and artificial tears (AT). We also conducted subgroup analysis by (1) method of intervention (acupuncture only or acupuncture plus AT), (2) intervention frequency (less than 3 times a week or more than 3 times a week), (3) period of treatment (less than 4 weeks or more than 4 weeks), and (4) acupoints (BL1, BL2, ST1, ST2, TE23, Ex-HN5). The Bucher method was used for subgroup comparisons.
Nineteen studies with 1126 patients were included. Significant improvements on the Schirmer test (weighted mean difference[WMD], 2.14; 95% confidence interval[CI], 0.93 to 3.34; p = 0.0005) and break up time (BUT) (WMD, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.18; p < 0.00001) were reported. In the subgroup analysis, acupuncture plus AT treatment had a weaker effect in BUT but a stronger effect on the Schirmer test and a better overall effect than acupuncture alone. For treatment duration, treatment longer than 1 month was more effective than shorter treatment. With regard to treatment frequency, treatment less than three times a week was more effective than more frequent treatment. In the acupoint analysis, acupuncture treatment including the BL2 and ST1 acupoints was less effective than treatment that did not include them. None of those factors reduced the heterogeneity.
Acupuncture was more effective than AT in treating DES but showed high heterogeneity. Intervention differences did not influence the heterogeneity.
Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that can result in ocular discomfort and visual impairment [1]. In recent years, the geriatric proportion of the overall population has increased, and factors causing eye fatigue have diversified (e.g., excessive use of computers or smartphones). In 2011, the prevalence of DES in South Korea was 8.0% [2]. According to statistics from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea, the prevalence of DES is increasing continuously "(http://opendata.hira.or.kr/home.do)".
Acupuncture can alleviate DES. Some systematic reviews showed that acupuncture is effective for DES [3,4,5]. However, heterogeneous results from various interventions made it difficult to draw clear conclusions. Each study used different acupoints, durations, and frequencies. An individual treatment strategy according to patient condition is ideal. However, an individual treatment strategy depends on each clinician's subjective experience, which indicates low effectiveness of novice practitioners. An adequate acupuncture dose is needed to standardize and optimize its effects. Also, some standards are required to increase the reproducibility of results. There have been some attempts to define adequate acupuncture treatments for other diseases [6, 7].
Our aim in this study was to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture using the latest research and to suggest a standard acupuncture treatment for patients with DES, including acupoints, number of sessions, and treatment duration. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of published acupuncture treatments for DES and analyzed the factors that influence therapeutic effectiveness.
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTAL, AMED, SCOPUS, CNKI, the Wangfang database, the Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Koreamed, and J-stage and conducted manual searches for potentially relevant articles published through July 2017. (CNKI and Wangfang are Chinese databases. OASIS and Koreamed are Korean databases. J-stage is a Japanese database.) The search terms used were 'acupuncture' AND ('dry eye' OR 'xerophthalmia' OR 'keratoconjunctivitis sicca'). In the Chinese databases (CNKI, Wangfang database), we used the Chinese terms ('干眼' AND '针'). There were no limits with regard to publications, other than language limits of English, Chinese, or Korean.
The specific inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) clinical trial for DES patients; (2) use of acupuncture or an applied form (e.g., electroacupuncture, pyonex); (3) control group that received appropriate placebo or artificial tears (AT); (4) outcomes included Schirmer's test (ST), break up time test (BUT), or corneal fluorescein staining (CFS); (5) randomized controlled trials (RCT); and (6) full text available. We excluded (1) studies that included Sjögren syndrome patients and (2) interventions combined with other treatments (e.g., herbal medicine, moxibustion). Two researchers (MHK and SHK) carried out the study selection independently and discussed their differences.
Data extraction and assessment of risk of bias
Three independent reviewers (MHK, BHK and SHK) read all selected articles. We extracted publication data, participant information, intervention regime (sites, duration, and frequency), outcome measures, and drop-outs. After extraction, we assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration tool [8].
For our meta-analysis of similar treatment interventions, we used the statistical software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration (RevMan 5.3). The estimated effect of the data was calculated using the weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI). The Q-test or χ2 was used to evaluate heterogeneity [9]. When the compared populations were homogeneous (Q-test p > 0.1), we used the fixed-effect model; when they were heterogeneous (p < 0.1), we used the random-effect model. We also performed a sensitivity analysis. Each study was sequentially excluded from the meta-analysis, and the sensitivity was determined from the corresponding heterogeneity results. Funnel plot was conducted for detecting publication bias.
In our subgroup analysis, we used the standard mean difference (SMD) in BUT and ST values to evaluate the overall effects according to the Bucher method. This is one of the most suitable indirect comparisons for RCTs. We applied this method, as there were no direct comparative trials and an indirect method can provide useful information for optimization. This method is supposed that treatments A and C are compared in one RCT and treatments B and C are compared in another RCT, the indirect comparison of A and B is adjusted according to C (common comparator). This method assumes that indirect evidence is consistent with a direct comparison [10].
We analyzed the interventions as follows: (1) method of intervention (acupuncture only or acupuncture plus AT), (2) intervention frequency (less than 3 times a week or more than 3 times a week), (3) treatment duration (less than 4 weeks or more than 4 weeks), and (4) acupoints (BL1, BL2, ST1, ST2, TE23, Ex-HN5). Selection of the acupoints frequently used in clinical trials is explained in a previous study [11].
Literary search
We identified 462 articles of potential relevance. Screening the titles and abstracts yielded 36 studies. After reviewing the full texts, we selected 19 studies. Studies were excluded for the following reasons: (1) not an RCT (n = 4); (2) outcomes did not include ST, BUT, or CFS (n = 4); (3) acupuncture was part of a complex intervention (n = 4); (4) comments (n = 3); (5) inadequate data (n = 1); (6) Sjögren syndrome patients were included as participants (n = 1). The procedure is summarized in Fig. 1.
Flow diagram of the systemic process for report identification
We included 19 studies and 1126 subjects in this review. Fourteen studies [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] compared manual acupuncture with AT. One study [26] used sham acupuncture as a control group. Four studies [27,28,29,30] used an applied form of acupuncture (two studies used electroacupuncture, and two used pyonex). Fifteen of the studies [13, 14, 16,17,18,19, 21,22,23,24,25, 27,28,29,30] were conducted in China. The study descriptions are given in Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 Characteristics of included studies (manual acupuncture vs. artificial tears)
Table 2 Characteristics of included studies (other kinds of interventions)
Risk of bias assessment
In 8 studies [14, 16, 19,20,21, 23, 26, 28], the investigators described a method of random sequence generation (random number table, coin tossing, envelope shuffling, and using a computerized random-number generator). Only 4 studies [16, 20, 26, 28] conducted allocation concealment, and 4 studies [15, 19, 20, 28] used assessor blinding. Drop rates and reasons were reported in 6 studies [19, 20, 23, 26, 28]. Two studies used a study protocol [20, 26]. In 4 studies, we suspected bias: two studies [16, 17] had significant differences between the treatment and control groups at baseline without revision or explanation; in the other two studies, the duration differed between the treatment and control groups [13, 14]. Figure 2 summarizes the risk of bias assessment. Furthermore, there was no evidence of significant publication bias by inspection of the funnel plots.
Risk of bias summary in included studies
Meta-analysis between manual acupuncture and artificial tears
In this meta-analysis, we used the results of 11 of 14 studies that recorded both BUT and ST. We excluded Nepp [10] and Gong [15] because the former showed only graph and the later showed change value. We also excluded Zhang [22] through our sensitivity analysis because it presented a heterogeneous result that did not seem to be due to acupuncture. We did not consider CFS results in this meta-analysis because two studies used a dichotomous scale [13, 14], three used a continuous scale [18, 22, 23], and they used different methods of measuring.
In the BUT results, a significant difference was shown between groups (WMD, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.25; p < 0.00001), but the heterogeneity was high (I2 = 62%; P = 0.003). The studies that used an acupuncture plus AT intervention did not show a mean difference (p = 0.21), but the studies that used only acupuncture did show a significant difference (p < 0.00001), including a subgroup difference(p = 0.04) (Fig. 3).
Break up time (BUT) comparison between acupuncture and artificial tears (AT): Random effect model
The ST results also showed a significant difference between manual acupuncture and AT (WMD, 1.98; 95% CI, 0.62 to 3.35; p = 0.004), though again, the heterogeneity of the effect was high (I2 = 96%; P < 0.00001). Each of the two subgroups showed significant differences within the groups, but we did not find differences between the subgroups. (WMD, 1.65; 95% CI, 0.37 to 2.92 versus WMD, 2.93; 95% CI, 0.32 to 5.55; p = 0.39) (Fig. 4).
Schirmer's test (ST) comparison between acupuncture and artificial tears (AT): Random effect model
Two studies [20, 25] evaluated OSDI scores, and they showed no significant differences between groups (WMD, − 5.70; 95% CI, − 11.49 to 0.09; p = 0.05, Fig. 5).
Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) comparison between acupuncture and artificial tears (AT): Fixed model
Subgroup analysis
In treatment duration and frequency, long-term (more than 1 month) and less frequent (less than 3 times a week) treatments were more effective than short-term or intensive treatments, but the difference was not significant. (Table 3).
Table 3 Results of subgroup analysis by treatment duration, frequency, and specific acupoints
In acupoint differences, regimes including the BL2 or ST1 acupoints showed significantly weaker effects than regimes that did not include them (BL2; SMD, 0.35 vs 0.81; p = 0.03, ST1, SMD, 0.28 vs 0.91; p = 0.002). There were no significantly different values for other acupoints (BL1, TE23, ST2, Ex-HN5, Table 3).
One study compared verum acupuncture with sham acupuncture [26]. In this study, the sham acupuncture was applied to non-acupoints (peri-acupoints). There were no significantly different outcomes between the verum and sham acupuncture groups. Two studies used electroacupuncture: Liu et al. compared electroacupuncture with AT and found significant ST and BUT effects in the experimental group [27]; Guo et al. compared electroacupuncture at BL1 with manual acupuncture and found minor effects in eye symptoms and ST in the intervention group [28]. Two studies investigated pyonex: one study compared pyonex with manual acupuncture [29], and the other compared it with AT and found limited improvements compared with the control group [30] (Table 2).
Some previous systematic reviews have considered the effects of acupuncture in DES [3,4,5]. In this study, we focused on subgroup analysis to solidify the results and suggest an effective method of acupuncture treatment. We excluded one study [22] for heterogeneity because it showed a unique change and used an unusual intervention: the practitioners treated the superior/inferior lacrimal punctum and proceeded horizontally 5-15 mm through the lacrimal canaliculi, similar to lacrimal probing. This effect focused on penetration, so it was difficult to regard its effects as resulting purely from the acupuncture.
As in former studies, heterogeneity in the effects of manual acupuncture was high; we conducted subgroup analysis for method of intervention, treatment duration, frequency, and acupoints. However, accounting for those factors did not lower the heterogeneity. A high risk of bias can cause heterogeneity. Information about the randomization method, number of and reason for drop outs, statistical analysis methods, and blinding outcome analysis is essential to decrease the risk of bias in a clinical study. However, several studies did not include this data.
Acupuncture combined with AT treatment had a weaker effect on BUT score but a stronger effect on ST score and a better overall effect than acupuncture treatment alone. ST evaluates tear production, and BUT evaluates tear film stabilization. Acupuncture plus AT thus showed a synergetic effect in tear production but not in tear stabilization. Manual acupuncture affected the protein composition in tears [19, 25], but combining with AT, there was no synergetic effect, which clinicians should consider when planning treatments for individual patients.
With regard to duration and frequency, a long period of treatment (more than 1 month) is preferable to a short period (less than 1 month), but frequent treatment does not guarantee better effects. Three times a week showed better effectiveness than 5–6 times a week. Recovery time might be needed to produce optimal effects. Harris et al. said that the effects of acupuncture are dose dependent [31]. Experts recommend at least twice a week to obtain a proper effect [32]. Therefore, 2–3 times a week could be an optimal frequency to maximize the effects.
Most studies we selected included periorbital acupoints. Thus, the effects of acupuncture in DES are mostly local. According to Shin et al. [26], the effect of acupuncture on DES occurs by dilating blood vessels and increasing the supply of neuropeptides (e.g., Calcitonin gene related peptide). However, our analysis implied positional specificity. The studies that included points BL2 and ST1 were less effective than those that did not include those points. This could be related to the analgesic effect of acupuncture. ST1 is located between the eyeball and the infraorbital ridge, directly below the pupil, and BL2 is located at the medial end of the eyebrow. They are thus near the supraorbital nerve block and infraorbital nerve block sites. Those two nerves innervate the conjunctiva, and decreased conjunctiva sensitivity decreases tear production. Therefore, clinicians should select acupoints according to patient symptoms.
Some of the included studies also considered electroacupuncture and pyonex. Electroacupuncture is commonly considered to be a stronger stimulus than acupuncture. Pyonex is a kind of patch acupuncture known for its long retention. However, only a few studies used those interventions, and they had many limitations in design. Therefore, we did not evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture and pyonex in DES. Well-designed studies are needed to evaluate their effects.
Additionally, Female sex is a risk factor in DES [33]. In our study, there were also female subjects than male subjects. Sex hormone (e.g., androgen) can be a factor in explaining this result. Androgen have a positive effect as anti-inflammatory effect on DES [34, 35]. Acupuncture may modulate sex hormone [36]. However, there was no study focusing on this point. Further study concerning about the hormone is needed to clarify the mechanism of acupuncture.
Our study has several limitations. We conducted indirect comparisons and used the Bucher method to avoid some biases. Indirect comparisons require more caution in interpretation than direct comparisons [37]. Moreover, they require homogeneity for validity. However, the analyzed studies were so heterogeneous in their subgroups that bias was almost inevitable. Nonetheless, even though an indirect analysis is less reliable than a direct comparison, it can allow doctors to make treatment plans for patients and defines a method to improve treatment effects and reproducibility.
Furthermore, some of the reviewed studies have significant weak points. Some studies that we analyzed did not report information necessary to discern the risk of bias. Comparing acupuncture with AT is an open label trial. Therefore, strict randomization, allocation concealment, and blinding of outcome assessments are needed to avoid bias. Furthermore, only two studies conducted [19, 20] follow-up evaluations. Although manual acupuncture was more effective than AT, AT is more convenient to use. Subjects who want to receive acupuncture treatment must go to a clinic and spend time there, which is not necessary for AT treatment. Therefore, acupuncture must have strengths that outweigh the convenience of AT. One study suggested that acupuncture effects last longer than AT [20]. The disadvantage of typical AT is its short persistence. Further studies should include follow-up evaluations to strengthen this conclusion.
Acupuncture is more effective than AT in DES. Treatment duration of more than 1 month and treatment frequency less than 3 times a week could be more effective than shorter or more frequent treatments. Use of the BL2 and ST1 acupoints can reduce the overall effectiveness of acupuncture for DES. Other acupuncture treatments (electroacupuncture, pyonex) could be applicable, but there are not yet enough studies to evaluate their effects.
AT:
Artificial tears
Break-up time
CFS:
Corneal fluorescein staining
DES:
Schirmer's test
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The supporting materials used in this review are contained within the article (Tables 1 and 2).
Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02453, Republic of Korea
Bong Hyun Kim
, Min Hee Kim
, Se Hyun Kang
& Hae Jeong Nam
Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Min Hee Kim
Search for Bong Hyun Kim in:
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HJN and BHK conceived and designed the protocol. MHK and SHK conducted the article searches, data extraction and assessement of risk of bias with consensus with BHK. BHK performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript. HJN commented on the analytic plan and interpretation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Hae Jeong Nam.
Kim, B., Kim, M., Kang, S. et al. Optimizing acupuncture treatment for dry eye syndrome: a systematic review. BMC Complement Altern Med 18, 145 (2018) doi:10.1186/s12906-018-2202-0


New Facade At Kendall Jenner's House, See Inside & Outside.
World fashion model Kendall Jenner moved to her new home in Los Angeles, California, but did not own the house, but rented it for £ 19,000.
The house has 5 luxurious bedrooms with distinctive decoration. The experts chose the dark brown and gray tones of the master bedroom, which features a leather rear bed, and a light velvet seat with mirrored edges. The white color was chosen for another bedroom, with beds, wardrobes and white curtains.
The L-shaped sofa was mediated by the living room and was chosen from the beige leather material, fitted with white fur pillows. In the main wall was installed a television screen, with many antiques and artifacts, and again came the distinctive chandelier to complete the aesthetic decoration of the living room.
The house has 5 bathrooms, and it seems that the modern character is dominated by its interior designs as it appears from one of the pictures, in light brown color, with medium space and classic designs.
The shades of brown dominate the kitchen cabinets, walls and floors, and the distinctive pieces in its corners, blending the chandelier in brown and yellow lights, with metal kitchenware.
Enjoying a terrace overlooking green spaces, Kendall will be able to enjoy the sun in the early morning or go directly to the outdoor swimming pool in the back garden.


text:
Transient man arrested on suspicion of starting multiple fires in Canyon Country, Newhall
Caleb Lunetta
Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department seal. File Photo
A transient man was arrested on suspicion of starting multiple fires in the Canyon Country and Newhall areas after a passerby reported seeing the 29-year-old last week igniting some of the blazes.
Law enforcement officials have said they believe mental health concerns were a contributing factor to his arrest.
Four of the fires that were started began on Thursday and an additional two were ignited on Friday, according to Detective Cynthia Valencia of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Arson and Explosives Unit.
"(The suspect) lit a couple of brush fires with some debris in it," said Valencia. "It was witnessed by a civilian on a bike path and he's the one that called it in."
According to Valencia, the fires broke out near the Camp Plenty Road and Soledad Canyon Road intersection and near Placerita Canyon Road and Highway 14. She could not confirm whether or not the fires were the Oil and Needham Fires that burned on Thursday, but the Newhall fires burned nearby one another.
Valencia said the suspect is believed to be mentally ill, and is said to have lit the fires believing that by doing so he would rid himself of a "spell or hex."
No injuries or damaged structures were reported as a result of the series of blazes. The man was booked at the Santa Clarita Valley Sheriff's Station and held in lieu of $75,000 bail.
Caleb Lunetta covers government, criminal justice, education and breaking news for The Signal. He joined in Nov. 2018 and previously worked as a supply chain engineer in Veterans Affairs hospitals. He is a graduate of Cal State University, Northridge and a proud College of the Canyons Model United Nations alumnus. Have a story tip? Message him on Twitter (@lunettcaleb) or at [email protected]
Gang member facing new assault charge from road-rage allegation


Obama supports COP21 and so should you. Here's why.
aNewDomain — The people at NASA don't always have their heads above the clouds, looking outwards. They just as often use their incredible technology and expertise to do a bit of Earth-bound navel gazing. As we do not have a plantet B for the planet, we need to keep this planet green and healthy.
In Paris, at the 21st annual Conference of the Parties (COP21) today, the fate of the planet and climate will be decided. President Obama will be present and will demonstrate that the U.S. understands the dangers of climate change.
Using data from numerous satellites, the incredible animation above shows the 12-month cycle of Earth's seasons, as well as the vegetative land bound plant life. It also shows the chlorophyll concentration from microscopic organisms called phytoplankton in the ocean.
The parts where the land looks brown and barren are regions of Earth in winter, whereas during summer you'll see lush green patches.
Climate change is finally on the world's agenda, a global renewable energy revolution is under way and influential religious leaders like Pope Francis have called on governments to consider their impact on the environment. But sometimes, momentum is not enough to break through all obstacles.
After 20 years of meetings and failed attempts to limit carbon emissions, annual emissions this year are 60 per cent higher than when United Nations Climate Talks began in 1990. In the lead up to this year's meetings at the "Committee of the Parties" (COP 21) conference in Paris, countries have submitted pledges called "Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC)" that observers have noted will still commit the world to catastrophic levels of warming.


Places to Visit: Delhi - Jaipur - Jodhpur - Osian - Jodhpur - Ranakpur - Udaipur - Pushkar - Sawai Madhopur / Ranthambore National Park - Fatehpur Sikri - Agra - Jhansi - Orchha - Khajuraho - Jhansi - Delhi.
Evening arrive at IGI (Indira Gandhi International) airport.
Delhi - a city that bridges two different worlds. Old Delhi, once the capital of Islamic India, is a labyrinth of narrow lanes lined with crumbling havelis and formidable mosques. In contrast, the imperial city of New Delhi created by the British Raj is composed of spacious, tree-lined avenues and imposing government buildings. Delhi has been the seat of power for several rulers and many empires for about a millennium. Many a times the city was built, destroyed and then rebuilt here. Interestingly, a number of Delhi's rulers played a dual role, first as destroyers and then as creators.
On arrival, meeting, assistance at airport by our representative and transfer to hotel. Where our executive will explain the travel plan in detail and hand over the essential documents (Tour programme, hotel's vouchers, feedback report etc.) to you. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel start combined city tour of Old & New Delhi start from Red Fort (From outside) - Closed on Monday - built in red sandstone, constructed by Mughal Emperor Shahjahan, Jama Masjid - India's largest mosque and enjoy Cycle rickshaw ride in narrow alleys of old Delhi through Kinari Bazaar and 400 years old Chandni Chowk bazaars. Rajghat - crimination place of Mahatama Gandhi. Laxmi Narayan Temple, Humayun Tomb - the tomb of first Mughal emperor Humayun and Qutab Minarthe highest stone tower in India. India Gate - This solemn monument was built in memory of the 90,000 Indian soldiers who laid down their lives in the World War Ist. Drive past the Rashtrapathi Bhawan, Parliament House. Evening free to explore local markets. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel drive to Mandawa. Mandawa is a small town in the heart of Shekhawati region. The place is known not only for its havelis but also for its Fort Palace. The structure of the palace reminds of the cultural and social importance of this region in the past. Of the havelis, the most important are the Chokhani, Ladia, Binsidhar Newatia, and Gulab Rai Ladia Haveli. Another haveli, the Binsidhar Newatia Haveli, is known for its curious paintings.
Upon arrival, check in at hotel. Rest of the day free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel visit "Open Art Gallery" Havelis & Frescoes paintings. The open air-art-gallery', as it is popularly called, is famous for its plethora of painted havelis, all commendable pieces of the rich artistic tradition of this region.
Later in the afternoon drive to Bikaner. Bikaner - one of the most worth visiting cities of Rajasthan.
The city of Bikaner still preserves its old charm in form of its historical monuments, stunning havelis, elegant palaces and terrific temples. On arrival, check in at hotel. Evening free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
In the afternoon drive to Jaisalmer. Jaisalmer - The name Jaisalmer evokes utter magic and vibrancy of the desert. It's straight out of an Arabian Nights fable. The hostile terrain notwithstanding the warmth and colour of people is simply overwhelming. One of the main draws is the daunting 12th century Jaisalmer Fort. The beautiful havelis which were built by wealthy merchants of Jaisalmer are yet another interesting aspect of the desert city. And you can let your eyes caress the sloping sand dunes while you ramble your way in a camel safari. The desert citadel is truly a golden fantasy in the Thar Desert. Bhati Rajput ruler Rawal Jaisal, after whom the city finds its name, founded Jaisalmer in 1156 AD. On arrival, check in at hotel. Rest of the day free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel, visit Jaisalmer city. The city of Jaisalmer is crowned by fantastic fort, named Sonar Kila or Golden Fort. The fort is also called Jaisalmer Fort. The fort is located atop the Trikuta Hill and surrounded by a 30 feet high wall with 99 fortresses. Jaisalmer Havelis - Jaisalmer Havelis were once the home of wealthy merchants. These havelis of Jaisalmer are well-known for their creative designs and adornments. Also visit Gadsisar Sagar Lake.The lake offers an opportunity to view hundreds of migratory birds during the winter season. During your visit to Gadsisar Sagar Lake, you will also see a breathtakingly beautiful lush green garden - Bara Baghwhich is an oasis in the desert.
After breakfast at hotel drive to Jodhpur. Jodhpur is set at the edge of the Thar Desert. This imperial city echoes with tales of antiquity in the emptiness of the desert. On arrival check in at hotel. Rest of the day free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
Later in the afternoon drive to Udaipur en-route visit Rankapur Jain temples. Ranakpur Temple is a beautiful structure carved in stone. This magnum opus of architecture possesses around 1400 intricately carved pillars. Continue drive to Udaipur - Udaipur - One of the most romantic cities in Rajasthan, Udaipur is also known as the city of lakes and the City of Dawn. On arrival, check in at hotel. Rest of the day free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel, visit City Palace. City Palace - Udaipur's fascinating City Palace is the largest royal complex in Rajasthan, See the Peacock Square and the miniature painting school inside the palace premises. Udaipur has the prestige of housing the best miniature art schools in the country under the royal patronage of the king of Udaipur. Sahelion Ki Bari - The "garden of the maids of honour", Sahelion-ki-Bari was designed and laid out early in the eighteenth century as a retreat for ladies of the royal household to spend their time in leisure. Bharatiya Lok Kala Mandir - Is home to an attractive collection of folk dresses, puppets, ornaments, folk musical instruments and paintings. The museum is the best place for those interested in puppetry. Bagore ki Haveli - There is a very congenial old building built right on the waterfront of Lake Pichola.
After breakfast at hotel drive to enroute visit Pushkar - Pushkar - A very small town, seemingly just about bigger than the lake it adjoins, Pushkar attracts Hindu devotees and Hindu dilettantes in large numbers. On arrival, visit Brahma Temple - The only temple in the world that is dedicated to Lord Brahma and Pushkar Lake.
Later drive to Jaipur. Jaipur - capital of Rajasthan, is popularly known as 'The Pink City' for the colour of the buildings in its wonderful old city. On arrival, check in at hotel. Rest of the free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
After an early breakfast at hotel, visit the majestic Amber Fort and Palace, originally constructed by Raja Mansingh and one of the finest examples of Rajput architecture. Enjoy the unique experience of an ascent on the back of a brightly caparisoned elephant, up to the Fort. In the afternoon, visit the city's Palace Complex holds several museums that contain impressive collections of miniature paintings, costumes, and armor. Sheesh Mahal built in the 17th century in a fusion style of Hindu and Islamic art. Also see the hall of public audiences and Maharaja Man Singh's Palace who had twelve queens.Later see the Jantar Mantar Observatory, a sanctuary of the astronomer king, Maharaja Jai Singh II. Nearby, the intriguing Palace of the Wind, the Hawa Mahal, was built in 1799 to allow ladies from the royal family to view the city and bazaar below in privacy. Evening free to explore the local markets. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel drive to Agra enroute visiting Fatehpur Sikri - constructed by Akbar in 1569 to honor Sufi saint Salim Chisti. Akbar's court occupied this city till it was abandoned due to non-availability of water but still in a state of perfect preservation. Continue drive to Agra. On arrival, check in at hotel. Rest of the day free for leisure activities. Overnight at hotel.
After breakfast at hotel visit Taj Mahal (Closed on Friday) - world's greatest monument to love. Emperor Shah Jahan built this pristine white marble mausoleum in memory of his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Agra Fort, built by the Mughal dynasty's greatest Emperor, Akbar, in 1565. A number of the fort's beautiful palaces, mosques and gardens were built by his successors in later years. Pearl Mosque, it shined like a pearl. It is held that this mosque was constructed by Shah Jahan for his members of royal court. Diwan-i-Khas - Here envoys and other honoured guests were granted a personal USDience with the ruler. the Diwan-e-Khas is a small marble structure near the Diwan-e-Am. Diwan-i-Aam - the ruler held mass USDience. He would sit on his throne facing petitioners. His minister would assemble the petitions and refer them to the Diwan-e-Khas for private USDience. Jahangir Mahal - Jahangiri Mahal is the most important building of the Akbari period in the Agra Fort. Itmad - Ud - Daula known as the "Baby Taj", it is the first tomb in India built entirely in white marble. Sikandra - The great Mughal emperor Akbar's Tomb.
Later in the afternoon drive to Delhi. On arrival transfer to airport to board on flight for onward destinations.


The death took place on Wednesday, March 20 of Mary Daly (née Osborne) of Marian Ave., Portlaoise, and recently in the tender care of Ballard Lodge Nursing Home.
In her 92nd year. Peacefully surrounded by her loving family at The Regional Hospital, Portlaoise. Mary, beloved wife of the late Tom and mother of the late Maureen. Dearly loved mother to Kieran (Liverpool), Catherine Fitzgerald, Anne Price (Waterford) and Paula Nurney. Cherished grandmother to 16 grandchildren and 16 great-grandchildren. Deeply regretted by her loving family, daughter-in-law Carol, sons-in-law Tim, Seamus and Mossey, sisters-in-law, nephews, nieces, former colleagues at St. Fintan's Hospital, relatives, great neighbours and friends.
Reposing at Keegan's Funeral Home on Thursday from 6pm with rosary at 8pm. Removal on Friday morning to arrive at SS Peter and Paul's Church for 10am Requiem Mass. Interment will follow in SS Peter and Paul's Cemetery, Portlaoise.
The death took place on Tuesday, March 19 of John (Sean) Quinlan of Abbeycresent, Abbeyleix.
Peacefully. Deeply regretted by his wife Elizabeth, son John, daughters Caroline and Lisa, sons-in-law Jimmy and Raymond, Johns partener Suzanne, grandchildren Aaron, Meghann, Alex, Ben and Josh, brother George, brother-in-law, nephews, nieces, relatives and friends.
Reposing at his residence from 2pm on Wednesday with Rosary at 8pm. Removal to the Church of The Most Holy Rosary, Abbeyleix for 11am. Requiem Mass on Thursday. Burial afterwards in St. Patrick's Cemetery.
The death took place on Tuesday, March 19 of Mary Fingleton of Park Upper, Stradbally.
In the care of the staff of Ballard Lodge Nursing Home. Peacefully surrounded by her loving family. Sister of the late Lila. Deeply regretted by her family, sisters Kit (Phelan), Nellie (Heery), Bridget Fingleton, and Anne (Sheahan), brothers Jimmy, Tommy, Michael, Anthony and Paddy, brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, nephews, nieces, grand nephews and grand nieces, relatives, neighbours and friends.
Reposing at her family home from 3pm on Wednesday with rosary at 8pm. Removal on Thursday morning to arrive at SS Peter and Paul's church Portlaoise for 12 noon requiem Mass. Interment will follow in Ratheniska cemetery.
The death took place on Sunday, March 17 of Michael (Mick) Murray of Glenbrook, Ballyroan.
Founder Ballyroan Vintage Club and former Chairman of Colt GAA. Died unexpectedly, on St Patrick's Day. Surrounded by his loving family. Predeceased by his loving wife Brigid and son Edward Patrick. Deeply regretted his daughters Breda, Cathy, Carmel, Lorraine and Michelle, sons-in-law Denis, John, Robert, Jim and Liam, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, sisters Kathleen and Mary, brother-in-law, sisters-in-law, cousins, neighbours, relatives and many friends.
Reposing in his home from 3pm on Monday and from 3pm on Tuesday. Recital of the Rosary at 9pm on Tuesday night. Funeral arriving for 12 noon Requiem Mass on Wednesday in St Patrick's Church, Ballyroan. Burial afterwards in St Patrick's Cemetery.


A versatile basket stitch Orkney Snood in 100% Irish linen giving a very subtle sheen and wonderfully soft to the touch. This snood can be worn throughout the season, it is both adaptable and stylish and a great addition to any outfit.
Available in a range of natural tones.
Machine wash on a delicate cycle & lie flat to dry.


What does the Kirkham photography club get up to in Lancashire?
If you live in or around the area of Kirkham and are fascinated by taking photos then you should come along to the Kirkham photography club.
At the Kirkham photography club we will chat and chat about taking photographs until we are blue in the face! We will chat about photographs that you have taken and other members of the club have taken. We will of course take images and improve on images using a range of software packages such as Photoshop, Auto FX, and Microsoft Photo Editor . You will understand how to take better photographs and use your photographic tools to make a better photograph. You will be introduced to comparable minded people who have an inquisitive eye for detail and a love for photography.
We regularly have competitions throughout the year as seasons change and events happen throughout the calendar year. We have a photographic exhibition every year to showcase our efforts.
By joining a club it should immeasurably improve your photography skills where you ought to be able to make a good living wage from your hobby if this is what you would like to do in the future. Also the Kirkham photography club will have it's own website with links to your website which can assist your web traffic no end as well as maybe get you new clients if you have any products or services to offer.
So if you can afford it - buy one and join the Kirkham camera club.


In recent years, research funded by AICR has led to important discoveries such as the identification of a 'rogue' gene which allows cancer cells to spread by Dr Andrew Chantry and his team at the University of East Anglia. This raises the possibility of developing drugs to turn off the gene WWP2 and prevent cancers from spreading.
Late last year, AICR Fellow, Professor Eric So, King's College, University of London, discovered that leukaemic stem cells can be reversed to a pre-leukaemic stage by turning off a protein called beta-catenin found in the blood.
Said Dr Matfield: "These are exciting new discoveries and a good example of how basic research into cancer such as that funded by AICR can open up the potential to develop new methods to treat the disease.
"One of the very first grants we awarded was in 1980, to Dr P R Salmon of University College Hospital, London, who was awarded a one-year grant to study photodynamic therapy - the use of lasers and light-sensitive drugs to treat cancer. The research we funded, along with a number of other research projects, led to the first use of photodynamic therapy on patients in 1981 and the establishment of the National Medical Laser Centre at UCH in 1986."


Marcel Vroege, Head of Forest Industry & Bio Solutions, Asia Pacific, holds an Executive MBA from Waikato University, New Zealand (2000) and a degree in Wood Science (B Sc Hons) from Bangor University, North Wales (1992).
Marcel specializes in the analysis of wood and bio based products industries and markets in the Asia Pacific region. Areas of special interest and expertise include organizational development, business strategies, cost competitiveness assessments, location assessments and reputation assessments of both companies and products. He has been engaged in numerous assignments globally, assisting local industries, as well as international companies. He has managed a wide range of assignments ranging from company restructuring, mergers and acquisitions, and strategic market and business assessments to market reviews, business and delivery chain analysis, and feasibility and cost competitiveness studies. He has undertaken assignments throughout the Asia Pacific region, Africa, and North and South America.