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Navy to take part in fleet review in China
The Indian Navy has sent two ships to take part in the International Fleet Review to be held in Qingdao, China, later this month as part of the 70th anniversary celebrations of the People's Liberation Army Navy.
•	The ships are stealth destroyer INS Kolkata and fleet tanker INS Shakti.
•	Pakistan's Navy is not taking part in the event.
•	The visit of the Navy's most potent destroyer and versatile fleet support ship showcases India's prowess, reach and sustainability, besides indigenous ship-building capability. The Indian delegation is being led by the Chief of Staff of the Visakhapatnam-based Eastern Naval Command, who is of the rank of Rear-Admiral.
•	As a reciprocal gesture and as part of the efforts to promote military cooperation, China has agreed to send its ships on port calls to India.
•	The Indian Navy had last held an International Fleet Review in February 2016, in which 50 navies of different countries took part with nearly 100 warships.
Cases of measles show alarming rise, warns WHO
Topic : GS Paper-2 Health
World Health Organisation (WHO) has warned that the number of cases of measles one of the world's most contagious diseases is climbing.
•	Preliminary global data shows that reported cases rose by 300% in the first three months of 2019, compared to the same period in 2018.
•	In 2017, the most recent year for which estimates are available, it caused close to 1,10,000 deaths. Worse, in recent months, spikes in case numbers have also occurred in countries with high overall vaccination coverage, including the United States of America as well as Israel, Thailand, and Tunisia, as the disease has spread fast among clusters of unvaccinated people.
•	Measles has the potential to be extremely severe. Even in high-income countries, complications result in hospitalisation in up to a quarter of cases, and can lead to lifelong disability, from brain damage and blindness to hearing loss.
•	The actual numbers of cases captured in global estimates will also be considerably higher than those reported.
•	There is estimate that less than 1 in 10 cases are reported globally, with variations by region. With this as the background to date, 2019 has seen 170 countries report 1,12,163 measles cases to WHO. As of this time last year, there were 28,124 measles cases from 163 countries. Globally, this is almost a 300% increase.
•	Countries with the most reported cases include Madagascar, Ukraine, India, Nigeria, Kazakhstan, Chad, Myanmar, Thailand, the Philippines and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
India at risk
•	In India, measles is still one of the leading causes of death in young children. About 15% of vaccinated children fail to develop immunity from the first dose, meaning that if only 80% are fully immunised, an outbreak is likely. We have to ensure herd immunity to stay ahead of the disease.
•	WHO's African region has recorded a 700% increase, the region of the Americas 60%, the European region 300%, the Eastern Mediterranean 100% and 40% increases have been observed in South-east Asia and the Western Pacific.
•	Many countries are in the midst of sizeable measles outbreaks, with all regions of the world experiencing sustained rise in cases. Current outbreaks include those from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Madagascar, Myanmar, Philippines, Sudan, Thailand and Ukraine, causing many deaths mostly among young children.
•	The disease is almost entirely preventable through two doses of a safe and effective vaccine. For several years, however, global coverage with the first dose of measles vaccine has stalled at 85%. This is still short of the 95% needed to prevent outbreaks, and leaves many people, in many communities, at risk. Second dose coverage, while increasing, stands at 67%.
•	Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus.
•	The first sign of measles is usually a high fever, which begins about 10 to 12 days after exposure to the virus, and lasts 4 to 7 days. A runny nose, a cough, red and watery eyes, and small white spots inside the cheeks can develop in the initial stage. After several days, a rash erupts, usually on the face and upper neck. Over about 3 days, the rash spreads, eventually reaching the hands and feet. The rash lasts for 5 to 6 days, and then fades. On average, the rash occurs 14 days after exposure to the virus (within a range of 7 to 18 days).
•	Most measles-related deaths are caused by complications associated with the disease. Serious complications are more common in children under the age of 5, or adults over the age of 30. The most serious complications include blindness, encephalitis (an infection that causes brain swelling), severe diarrhoea and related dehydration, ear infections, or severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia.
•	Severe measles is more likely among poorly nourished young children, especially those with insufficient vitamin A, or whose immune systems have been weakened by HIV/AIDS or other diseases.
•	Unvaccinated young children are at highest risk of measles and its complications, including death. Unvaccinated pregnant women are also at risk. Any non-immune person (who has not been vaccinated or was vaccinated but did not develop immunity) can become infected.
•	Measles is still common in many developing countries particularly in parts of Africa and Asia. The overwhelming majority (more than 95%) of measles deaths occur in countries with low per capita incomes and weak health infrastructures.
•	Measles is one of the world's most contagious diseases. It is spread by coughing and sneezing, close personal contact or direct contact with infected nasal or throat secretions.
•	No specific antiviral treatment exists for measles virus.
•	Severe complications from measles can be avoided through supportive care that ensures good nutrition, adequate fluid intake and treatment of dehydration with WHO-recommended oral rehydration solution.
•	All children diagnosed with measles should receive two doses of vitamin A supplements, given 24 hours apart. This treatment restores low vitamin A levels during measles that occur even in well-nourished children and can help prevent eye damage and blindness. Vitamin A supplements have been shown to reduce the number of deaths from measles by 50%.
•	Routine measles vaccination for children, combined with mass immunization campaigns in countries with high case and death rates, are key public health strategies to reduce global measles deaths.
•	The measles vaccine is often incorporated with rubella and/or mumps vaccines. It is equally safe and effective in the single or combined form. Adding rubella to measles vaccine increases the cost only slightly, and allows for shared delivery and administration costs.
WHO response
•	In 2010, the World Health Assembly established 3 milestones towards the future eradication of measles to be achieved by 2015:
1)	Increase routine coverage with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) by more than 90% nationally and more than 80% in every district.
2)	Reduce and maintain annual measles incidence to less than 5 cases per million.
3)	Reduce estimated measles mortality by more than 95% from the 2000 estimate.
Tendered Vote
Topic : GS Paper-2 Polity
Do you know that you can still exercise your franchise even if someone else has done it in your name?
•	That power given to a voter to bypass identity theft and exercise your right to vote is called the Tendered Vote.
•	The Tendered Vote, like the Challenged Vote, is defined in The Conduct of Elections Rules, 1961.
•	Here is what it stipulates:
a.	If a person representing himself to be a particular elector applies for a ballot paper after another person has already voted as such elector, he shall, on satisfactorily answering such questions relating to his identity as the presiding officer may ask, be entitled, subject to the provisions of this rule, to mark a tendered ballot paper in the same manner as any other elector.
b.	Every such person shall, before being supplied with a tendered ballot paper, sign his name against the entry relating to him in a list in Form 15.
•	A tendered ballot paper shall be the same as the other ballot papers used at the polling except that
a)	Such tendered ballot paper shall be serially the last in the bundle of ballot papers issued for use at the polling station.
b)	Such tendered ballot paper and its counterfoil shall be endorsed on the back with the words "tendered ballot paper" by the presiding officer in his own hand and signed by him.
•	The elector, after marking a tendered ballot paper in the voting compartment and folding it, shall, instead of putting it into the ballot box, give it to the presiding officer, who shall place it in a cover specially kept for the purpose.
•	Provided that where such elector is a member of a political party in an election to fill a seat or seats in the Council of States, the presiding officer shall, before placing the tendered ballot paper in the said cover, allow the authorised agent of that political party to verify as to which candidate the elector has cast his vote.
•	For the purposes of this rule, "authorised agent", in respect of a political party, means an authorised agent appointed to election, in a council constituency and, by assembly members other than by postal ballot by that political party.
As per judiciary, tendered votes are to be considered only when they are likely to affect the outcome of the election, that is, when the margin of victory is less than the number of tendered vote.
Ganga has higher proportion of antibacterial agents
Topic : GS Paper-3 Environment
A study commissioned by the Union Water Resources Ministry to probe the "unique properties" of the Ganga found that the river water contains a significantly higher proportion of organisms with antibacterial properties.
More in the report:
•	Other Indian rivers also contain these organisms but the Ganga particularly in its upper Himalayan stretches has more of them.
•	The study, 'Assessment of Water Quality and Sediment to Understand Special Properties of River Ganga,' began in 2016 and was conducted by the Nagpur-based National Environmental Engineering and Research Institute (NEERI), a CSIR lab.
•	The NEERI team was tasked with assessing the water quality for "radiological, microbiological and biological" parameters in the Bhagirathi (a feeder river of the Ganga) and the Ganga at 20 sampling stations.
•	Five pathogenic species of bacteria (Escherichia, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio) were selected and isolated from the Ganga, Yamuna and the Narmada and their numbers compared with the bacteriophages present in the river water. Because bacteriophages are a kind of virus that kill bacteria, they are frequently found in proximity to each other.
•	In the river Ganga, the bacteriophages were detected to be approximately 3 times more in proportion than bacterial isolates.
•	Though it isn't evident that there are bacteriophage species unique to the Ganga, the study suggests there are many more of them in the Ganga than in other rivers. Thus, samples drawn from the Ganga contained almost 1,100 kinds of bacteriophage, and proportionally there were less than 200 species detected in the samples obtained from the Yamuna and the Narmada.
•	However, these antibacterial properties varied widely along the length of the river. For instance, the stretch from Gomukh to Tehri had 33% more bacteriophage isolates than from Mana to Haridwar, and Bijnor to Varanasi. In the stretch from Patna to Gangasagar, the bacteriophages were only 60% of that in the Gomukh to Tehri stretch.
•	The super-phage isolated from Ganga and decoded for its lysine gene and cloned to produce lysine protein at IIT Roorkee holds great potential as an antibacterial pharmaceutical.
Universe's first molecule detected in space
Scientists have detected the most ancient type of molecule in our universe in space for the first time ever.
•	Helium hydride ion (HeH+) was the first molecule that formed when, almost 14 billion years ago, falling temperatures in the young universe allowed recombination of the light elements produced in the Big Bang.
•	At that time, ionised hydrogen and neutral helium atoms reacted to form HeH+, said researchers from The Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (MPIfR) in Germany.
•	Despite its importance in the history of the early Universe, HeH+ has so far escaped detection in astrophysical nebulae cloud of gas and dust in outer space.
How this was formed?
•	During the dawn of chemistry when the temperature in the young universe had fallen below 4000 Kelvin, the ions of the light elements (hydrogen, helium, deuterium and traces of lithium) produced in Big Bang nucleosynthesis recombined in reverse order of their ionisation potential.
•	Helium combined first with free electrons to form the first ever neutral atom, according to the study published in the journal Nature.
•	At that time hydrogen was still ionised or present in form of bare protons. Helium atoms combined with these protons into the helium hydride ion HeH+, the universe's first molecular bond.
•	As recombination progressed, HeH+ reacted with then neutral hydrogen and created a first path to the formation of molecular hydrogen marking the beginning of the modern universe.
•	Despite its unquestioned importance in the history of the early Universe, the HeH+ molecule has so far escaped detection in interstellar space.
In the late 1970s, astro-chemical models suggested the possibility that HeH+ might exist at detectable abundances in local astrophysical nebulae, and would be most easily observed in so-called planetary nebula, ejected by Sun-like stars in the last stage of their lifetime.
•	The hard radiation field produced by the central white dwarf star with a temperature of more than 100,000 degrees drives ionisation fronts into the ejected envelope, where HeH+ is predicted to form.
•	The molecule will emit its strongest spectral line at a characteristic wavelength of 0.149 mm.
•	However, Earth's atmosphere is opaque at this wavelength for ground-based observatories, requiring this search to be performed from space or a high-flying observatory like SOFIA cruising above the absorbing layers of the lower atmosphere.
•	With recent advancements in terahertz technologies it has now become possible to perform high-resolution spectroscopy at the required far-infrared wavelength.
•	The discovery of HeH+ is the demonstration of nature's tendency to form molecules.
The detection of this special molecule brings a long search to a happy ending, and eliminates doubts that we might not understand the underlying formation and destruction as well as we thought.
Either way, the news is bad – The Hindu
A dialogue with our fragile past – The Hindu
Humanise the law – The Hindu


Urban women played a significant role in the struggle against Apartheid by entering into the labour force and taking jobs as both domestic workers and factory workers. These jobs helped women to make the connections necessary to form support for trade unions and ultimately anti-apartheid political organisations. As a result, women led a series of successful anti-apartheid campaigns that significantly impacted the struggle against apartheid.
An anonymous member of the African National Congress Women's League said, 'I am a woman, I am a worker, and I am Black. Therefore I must fight for my freedom on three fronts' (Magubane, 2010). Before women began taking jobs in factories, and ultimately playing a key role in the anti-apartheid resistance movement, society in South Africa was largely patriarchal and women struggled against a society that viewed women as subordinate to men. Women could not own property, claim inheritance, or have guardianship of their children (SAHO). Furthermore, legislation, such as pass laws that extended to women, made life in urban areas even more difficult for women as they often found it challenging to find employment. The apartheid government viewed women as a sign of 'growing urbanisation' (Lee, 2009) of Africans and quickly reacted to control the flood of African women into the cities. Women were needed in urban areas, especially during and after World War II to fill the positions in the factories. With the flood of women entering the cities, the apartheid government felt threatened as Black and Coloured South Africans would now be able to reproduce and build roots in the cities due to a growing population of both men and women. Legislation, such as the 1952 Native (Urban Areas) Act, bound women to the Urban Areas Act in the same way it did men this making it much more difficult for women to find work. Despite the societal and legal forces that aimed to oppress women, the women of South African cities began to overcome their struggles by taking jobs in factories, forming trade unions and building relationships with other women that would assist them in their struggle for equal rights. Many women worked labour-intensive jobs that demanded long hours with little pay however, these women continued to work as they knew it was necessary for themselves and their families to survive. Despite discriminatory laws, women of South Africa shifted their societal roles to become matriarchs and providers which led them to become an integral part of the anti-apartheid movement both socially and politically.
During the reign of the apartheid government, life became increasingly challenging for African families, who were subjected to the Afrikaner government's 'separate development' program built on the theory that Africans would be better off in separate areas of the country from white South Africans. This concept was simply a mask for the apartheid government to oppress Black and Coloured South Africans on the basis of race. With this program, and the legislation that accompanied it, Black and Coloured families found it increasingly difficult to support themselves as job opportunities diminished.
Before women began taking positions in factories, many women worked in the cities as domestic workers where they were employed by white families to clean, cook, and watch children. In Sheila Rule's 27 December 1985 special in the New York Times, Rule points out that domestic workers in South Africa faced far greater challenges than domestic workers in other parts of the world due to the oppressive apartheid laws. As part of her piece, Rule conducted an interview with Maude DeBruin, a 68-year old domestic worker who has been working for 47 years for white families. According to the article, DeBruin made approximately 100 rands per month (at the time, it was equivalent to approximately $38 USD) plus food and housing; however, some workers were paid just 40 rands per month (Rule, 1985). While DeBruin's employer allows her to attend church services, she says she knows other workers whose employers have told them to 'tell the minister to give you a job' when they request to attend church (Rule, 1985). Rule also states that many employers fired workers for health issues and view these women as 'necessary fixtures whose spirits are entombed in subservience' (Rule, 1985). According to Leah Tutu, the director (at the time) of the Domestic Workers and Employers Project and wife of Desmond Tutu, 'It is truly a master-servant relationship. It is rare for a white not to have a domestic worker, but the whites generally treat them as children who don't really know anything. They pay them what they would like to pay them"¦the domestic workers are at their beck and call 24 hours a day' (Rule, 1985). In her interview, DeBruin also states that she has a 'luxurious' living space which has cement walls, two small rooms in the backyard of a large home and a small television.
While the position of a domestic worker was highly undesirable, many women living in apartheid South Africa were presented with no other choice. Due to the oppressive legislation that crippled the economic opportunities for Black and Coloured South Africans, as well as the lack of employment and educational opportunities afforded to them, many women were forced to take these positions in order to provide for themselves, their husbands, and their families. These positions required long hours which allowed women minimal time with their families. Any work was in such high demand that at the moment a domestic worker was fired, another would be waiting outside of the house willing to accept less payment than the one just let go. As women began to take jobs in factories, some continued working as domestic workers. While the positions in factories women took post-World War II were equally challenging, these opportunities afforded the women of South Africa far more than economic benefits.
Women made tremendous sacrifices and worked long, tiring hours to provide for their families. In her book, Married to the Struggle, 'Nanna' Abrahams recalls her early life; Abrahams was educated and was ready to begin high school when she was forced to quit school and look for employment to help support her family. At age 14, Abrahams began working in a fruit-canning factory in which women worked long hours on their feet with no breaks and no benefits. These women were provided with no protective gear and were forced to walk long distances to their jobs as there was no transportation provided.
Nanna Abrahams' story is similar to that of many Black, Indian, and Coloured South African women who changed their roles to support their families. Women's anti-apartheid political activism began with their transition from being viewed as inferior to matriarchs, workers, and in many cases, sole-providers who ultimately played a crucial role in the anti-apartheid movement. During the years of apartheid, women made several political, economic and social transitions that would forever alter their place in society. In her book, African Women and apartheid, Rebekah Lee notes, 'Among these were African women's increasing prominence in civil society, the rise of matriarchal households, and the marginalisation of men in township domestic economies' (Lee, 2009). As many men struggled to provide for their wives and families, under the weight of apartheid laws, women began to seek employment to ensure their families survived and began working predominantly in factories, usually under a white, male supervisor. Some women also continued finding employment as domestic workers in urban areas. Both domestic work and factory work were very challenging. Despite the poor working conditions, women persevered and did what was necessary to earn a living. In her co-authored autobiography, My Sprit is Not Banned, Frances Baard recalls the poor working conditions in the factories such as: the lack of proper equipment and tools and the lack of transportation available for women to get to-and-from work. In most cases, the women were not given protective clothing and the juice, from the fruit they were canning, ruined their personal clothing. Additionally, women worked into the late hours of the night as leaving the fruit overnight could cause it to spoil. Baard recalls seeing her children rarely as they were asleep when she left for work early in the morning and were asleep by the time she returned home late in the evening (Baard, 1986). As more and more women began to fill factory positions, large groups of women were united and collectively fostered feelings against oppression created by the apartheid government and traditional South African society.
These poor working conditions, according to historian Iris Berger, led to the formation of trade unions and later to the mass-mobilisation of women in South Africa. In protesting their poor working conditions, working women formed bonds and connections that they would not have otherwise made before (Berger, 1992). By forming trade unions, women were also able to make a significant accomplishment in their work environments by fighting for Black and Coloured women to have the ability to be promoted to the forewomen position in the factories, a position previously only given to white males or white females.
Women not only saw their burgeoning presence in factories as part of the advancement for themselves but viewed it as part of the advancement of their families, who greatly suffered from apartheid laws and the worsening economic situations of African families, and ultimately for the entire population of Black South Africans. While the success of the women's movement in the struggle against apartheid can largely be credited to their transition into the labour force (and the resulting transition into political activism), the role of women as political activists, according to SAHO's "Women Play a Leading Role," dates back as early as 1913 when African women in urban areas launched protests against monthly permit renewals, which ultimately resulted in the law being repealed. Also, in 1918, the Bantu Women's League of South Africa organised anti-pass campaigns, further involving women in political matters. However, the change in women's labour roles, especially after World War II, was a main catalyst in their involvement in political movements. As women continued to work in industrial settings, they began to form trade unions, which laid the foundation for women's political organisations.
Women's changing economic roles resulted in their participation in the political struggle against apartheid laws. Women began to unite and began to organise demonstrations in masses to protest discriminatory and oppressive legislation. In the post-World War II era, women saw great success and made great strides in organising demonstrations as part of the anti-apartheid movement. On 17 April 1954, the African National Congress Women's League (ANCWL) published the Women's Charter, a document that outlines the plight of urban women and their struggles for equality, on the basis of both gender and race. Some of its main points discussed: the poverty of families (and women) due to favorable treatment of the white minority, the inferior status of women as subordinates of their husbands, women as the sole earners of households, legal obstacles for the advancement of women, and the lack of opportunities for women's education (ANCWL, 1954). In its preamble, the women of the ANCWL stated that its goal is to work towards the repeal of any legislation that is discriminatory towards women and that creates any social disadvantages for women.
Raids, arrests, loss of pay, long hours at the pass office, weeks in cells awaiting trial, forced farm labour – this is what the pass laws have brought to African men. Punishment and misery, not for a crime, but for the lack of a pass. We African women know too well the effect of this law upon our homes, upon our children. We who are not African women know how our sisters suffer (Joseph, 1986).
The detention and oppression of Black and Coloured men in South Africa had a devastating effect on family life as women were forced to compensate for the absence of income resulting from the their husband's inability to find employment or their husbands not being present as they were unjustly detained under apartheid laws.
Women continued to organise highly publicised, mass-demonstrations in order to voice their opinions and concerns. One of the most prominent examples of women organising took place on 9 August 1956, an anti-pass laws campaign which was organised by the Federation of South African Women, also known as the FEDSAW (SAHO). The successful demonstration boasted a turnout of nearly 20,000 women who protested outside of the Pretoria Union Building and yielded over 100,000 signatures on an anti-pass laws petition. The campaign was led by Helen Joseph, an anti-apartheid activist who worked tirelessly for the advancement of women in South Africa, along with seven other women. In her autobiography, Side by Side, Joseph describes the demonstration as a day she 'shall never forget' (Joseph) and recalls knowing that she and those protesting represented the women of South Africa, as a whole, and realised that the women of South Africa were watching as they stood up for equality. Movements such as this gave a voice to the women of South Africa and added another force in the anti-apartheid movement which joined with the men who were subjected to the governments laws.
Urban women continued to organise in masses with public demonstrations against the apartheid government after the 1956 march. In 1962, on what is now known as "Africa Day," the women of South Africa organised in support of the liberation of several African countries and protested in an effort to make South Africa the next to receive its freedom from oppressive white governments.
In the image above, titled "Women on Africa Day 1962," several women stand in protest of the apartheid government's unwillingness to go along with the emergence of indepednent states being formed all across the African continent. The image especially shows a successful integration of women into the anti-apartheid movement as a whole and supports the theory that women not only fought for themselves but for Black and Coloured South Africans as a whole as the issues of men also greatly impacted women and their families as well.
The road to freedom for the women of South Africa was long and filled with struggle, poverty, and tireless work to both support their families and organise political demonstrations to fight for the freedom of Black, Indian, and Coloured South Africans. Urban women made the remarkable transition from working as domestic workers for little pay and little to no benefits, to working in factories which allowed them to form trade unions and to ultimately make the connections necessary to form a highly successful women's anti-apartheid movement. Without making the transition from mothers and wives, to domestic workers, and to factory workers and unionists, women may not have been able to contribute nearly as much as they did to the anti-apartheid movement. The numerous women who sacrificed their personal lives and family lives to fight for change in South Africa are nothing short of incredible; these selfless women worked difficult jobs, worked for long hours with little pay, and worked tirelessly to organise demonstrations, rallies, protests, and petitions on behalf of the many South African men and women who were oppressed under the apartheid laws. The opening quote, which says, "I am a woman, I am a worker, and I am Black. Therefore I must fight for my freedom on three fronts" presented a challenge to South African women in the struggle for freedom. Despite the difficulties they faced, the women of South Africa rose to the occasion and fought for their freedom and made a tremendous impact on the anti-apartheid movement.


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«Сад счастливцев», известное также как «Хадикат-ус-суада» () — перевод XVI века на азербайджанский язык произведения персидского поэта Хусейна Ваиза Кашеви (XVI век) о мученичестве имамов, сделанный поэтом Мухаммедом Физули. Но в то же время некоторые исследователи отмечают, что это произведение нельзя рассматривать как переведённый труд, поскольку Физули, работая над ним, произвёл значительные изменения. Это признаёт и сам Физули в своём произведении.

Произведение рассказывает о трагических событиях, произошедших в 680 году в Кербела.

Физули, написал «Сад счастливцев», живя в городе Кербела. Это первое произведение Физули, написанное в жанре художественной прозы. Работа посвящена Мохаммед Паше. Впервые была опубликована в 1854 году в Каире.

У этого произведения существует около 300 дошедших до наших дней рукописей, составленных на основе переписанной в Конье, в 954 году хиджры (1547/1548 год), ещё при жизни Физули, рукописи.

Примечания

Ссылки

Литературные произведения на азербайджанском языке
Произведения Физули

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR)
A First-Ever: LCR Applies to Assets No Longer on Bank Balance Sheets
Last updated: August 7, 2018
The Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) Rule under Basel III: The LCR is one of two new liquidity ratios required under Basel III. The Basel III reforms are a direct response to the financial crisis and focus on global regulatory standards on bank capital adequacy and liquidity; these new standards were developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) and endorsed by the G20 leaders. The LCR, in particular, is an effort to reinforce the liquidity risk profiles of banking institutions as it promotes the short-term resilience of a bank's liquidity risk profile by requiring banks to maintain an adequate supply of unencumbered 'high quality liquid assets' (HQLAs) that can be converted into cash easily and immediately to meet its liquidity needs for a 30-day stress period. In the U.S., the LCR requirement was phased in starting in January 2015 and took full effect in January 2017.
CMBS Doesn't Make the Cut: HQLA assets are divided into three levels: 1, 2A, and 2B, with increasing market- value haircuts applied to the HQLA assets based on the level. While IG-rated corporate debt securities are deemed to be Level 2B (25% to 50% haircuts), triple-A rated CMBS do not qualify as HQLAs.
Reaching Beyond the Current Balance Sheet: The LCR applies to CMBS – including those transactions that have been sold and that are no longer consolidated on the balance sheet of any bank – and to construction loans, as well as any credit facility with a revolving line.
Impact of the Rule: While it is difficult to quantify, the LCR most likely has had some impact on the attractiveness of certain CRE-products (e.g., CMBS, CRE CLOs, and construction loans) to banks and other investors. It also plays a role in the redistribution of capital availability to multifamily projects versus non-multifamily projects, given the preferred status of GSE-related securities under the LCR HQLA regime. Market participants across CRE-related sectors and more broadly agree that the LCR has been highly influential in determining relative liquidity levels, raising the attractiveness of those asset classes that are included as HQLAs versus those, like CMBS, that are not HQLA-eligible.
LCR Quick Facts
LCR applies to CMBS that are no longer on a sponsor's balance sheet.
Despite historical performance, highly- rated CMBS are not counted as HQLAs unlike other asset classes, such as corporates, which are treated preferentially.
Zero percent of CMBS triple-A and junior triple-As (AM and AS classes) issued since 2005 have defaulted.
Treasury's report series, A Financial System that Creates Economic Opportunities, recommends several revisions to the LCR, including expanding HQLA eligibility to securities with a proven track record.
U.S. LCR and HQLA requirements are often considered to be stronger than the international standards adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS).
Industry letter to the US Banking Agencies regarding Liquidity Risk Management, 12.28.2016
Industry Letter to the US Banking Agencies regarding the Liquidity Coverage Ratio, 03.13.2014
For further Information, visit CREFC's Resource Center at: https://www.crefc.org/library
Potential Solutions
Bring CMBS Treatment into Alignment with Other Asset Classes: U.S. CMBS market participants generally believe the LCR rule should be recalibrated for CMBS in order to better align the treatment of the sector to other similar asset classes and to converge with BCBS standards. Such recalibrations include:
Under U.S. LCR requirements, corporate bonds are bucketed as Level 2B and Ginnie Mae Project Loans are bucketed as Level A. Certain triple-A rated CMBS should also be considered as Level 2B HQLAs.
BCBS standards allow broad interpretation when applying the HQLA standards within a jurisdiction, and the European Central Bank promulgated rules allowing even private-label residential mortgage-backed bonds to be treated as HQLAs.
Furthermore, the BCBS adopted the "Simple, Transparent, Comparable" framework under which high- performing securitization bonds would be allowed safe harbors under capital and liquidity rules. U.S. regulators did not follow through on this work stream, despite the fact that the Europeans have adopted such a regime.
CREFC Policy & Strategy
Recommendation: CREFC members generally agree that the regulators should consider HQLA status for highly-rated private-label CMBS.
Support for this recommendation: CREFC members broadly support any measure that enhances CMBS liquidity.
Additional Background & History
Need for Liquidity Requirements: Liquidity requirements are meant to complement capital requirements as a means to incent good judgment in bank balance-sheet management. The two liquidity requirements, LCR and the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR), were mandated for the first time under the Basel III regime promulgated in the wake of the crisis.
The LCR addresses short-term balance sheet liquidity (both asset and funding), seeking to ensure that a firm has enough liquid assets to cover short-term funding obligations given a scenario in which the bank is shut out of debt markets.
The framing principle behind the NSFR is to ensure that the bank carries enough long-term debt to cover the risks held on the asset side of the balance sheet.
Extreme Reporting Burden: The rule requires that these banks provide the regulators as many as 80,000 to 100,000 data points daily, many of which had to be mined for the first time for the purposes of compliance with this rule.
The information provided herein is general in nature and for educational purposes only. CRE Finance Council makes no representations as to the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, validity, usefulness, or suitability of the information provided. The information should not be relied upon or interpreted as financial, tax, accounting, investment, commercial or other advice, and CRE Finance Council disclaims all liability for any such reliance. © 2018 CRE Finance Council. All rights reserved.
CREFC offers industry participants an unparalleled ability to connect, participate, advocate and learn!
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Sa'eed Nelson Avi Toomer Paul Newman John Meeks Jamir Harris Jimmy Sotos Sports Men's basketball Men's sports Basketball Men's college basketball College basketball College sports
Bucknell Patriot League American University
Bucknell beats American 64-59 in Patriot League quarterfinal
WASHINGTON (AP) — Avi Toomer scored 18 points and No. 7 seed Bucknell pulled away with a 6-1 surge in the final minute to beat second-seeded American 64-59 on Thursday night in a Patriot League quarterfinal.
Bucknell (14-19) will play in a Sunday semifinal at third-seeded Boston University (19-13), which swept the Bison in the regular season.
Toomer was 6 of 9 from the floor and made three 3-pointers. Paul Newman added 12 points and John Meeks had 10 for Bucknell.
Sa'eed Nelson scored 22 points to lead American (16-14). Jamir Harris added 15 points.
Meeks hit a jumper with 1:01 remaining to give the Bison a two-point lead. American had a turnover on its next possession, and Bucknell made it 62-58 with 18.7 seconds to go when Jimmy Sotos drove the lane, dribbled the ball behind his back that tripped up a defender and finished with a left-handed layup.
Toomer capped the scoring with a pair of free throws with nine seconds left.


text:
KorteGames company
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text:
Alexander Johansson (Svédország, 1995. október 30. –) svéd labdarúgó, a Mjällby középpályása.

Pályafutása
Johansson Svédországban született. Az ifjúsági pályafutását az Arvidstorp csapatában kezdte, majd a Böljan akadémiájánál folytatta.

2014-ben mutatkozott be a Vinberg felnőtt keretében. 2016 és 2019 között a Stafsinge, az Ullared és a Tvååker csapatát erősítette. 2020-ban a első osztályban szereplő Varbergs BoIS szerződtette. Először 2020. június 21-én, a Malmö ellen idegenben 2–2-es döntetlennel zárult bajnokin debütált és egyben megszerezte első gólját a klub színeiben. A 2020-as szezon második felében a norvég Sandnes Ulfnál, míg a 2021-es szezon első felében a Bragénél szerepelt kölcsönben. 2023. január 8-án hároméves szerződést kötött a Mjällby együttesével.

Statisztikák
2022. november 13. szerint

Jegyzetek

További információk
Transfermarkt

1995-ben született személyek
Svéd labdarúgók
Labdarúgó-középpályások
A Varbergs BoIS labdarúgói
A Sandnes Ulf labdarúgói
A Mjällby AIF labdarúgói
Az Allsvenskan labdarúgói
Élő személyek


As we prepare for the upcoming volleyball season, we want you all to know how excited we are for the season. We look forward to helping each of you grow and reach individual goals that you will set for yourselves as well as some team goals that we will set as a team. Not only do we want you to grow and improve as volleyball players but as individuals, growing and maturing into the women God has called you to be.
Everywhere that you go, you are a reflection of SVHE, this program, and your family. You will conduct yourself in a manner that is pleasing to the Lord. You will show respect to the officials, other teams, and other coaches.
As mentioned previously, we are a family and like any family, conflicts can arise. We all have different personalities and emotional responses to stressful situations. First and foremost give one another the benefit of the doubt rather than assuming the worst and secondly, communicate with one another. Successful families and teams have good communication. Underlying tension and bickering will destroy a team.
Your grades are important. It is YOUR responsibility to do your schoolwork and keep your grades up so you can play. Playing volleyball is a privilege. One of my favorite sayings is, "Do what you have to do so you can do what you want to do." Live that. Volleyball requires additional work and resources from your parents, be appreciative of that and show that appreciation by being diligent with your schoolwork and in your responsibilities within your family.
The only way that we can improve as a team and be successful is to be at practice. It is hard to plan for practices, games, and rotations if everyone is not present. You signed up to be a part of the team, therefore, you have an obligation to your coaches and your teammates to be there. We do not have large numbers so even one girl missing effects everything. We can develop skills on an individual level but can only improve as a team with everyone there. The more we are able to work on our rotations in game situations, the more comfortable and confident everyone becomes with one another and the more success we will have in games. We only practice three days a week for most of the season, which allows two days for doctor's appointments and any other things that need to be scheduled.
If you are not going to be at practice, Coach Sexton needs to be notified as soon as you know. Practices are scheduled with the expectation that everyone is present. The drills chosen, who is partnering with whom, and full team drills are affected so early notification allows for proper adjustments to be made.
You need to be at practice in enough time to get your shoes on, go to the bathroom, get a drink, etc. and be ready to start promptly when practice is scheduled to begin. Habitual lateness will result in extra conditioning.
The coaches will do their absolute best to create a program that is fair, consistent, and unselfish. Our focus is building team players and winning as a team. The coaches do not guarantee equal playing time for every team member. You get out of practices and games what you decide to put into them.
On the B team level, we consider that a time of skill development and preparation for A team play, therefore we do make a concerted effort to get everyone in games and plenty of playing time for each girl. In volleyball, the way substituting works and the fact that each girl plays a specific position makes it virtually impossible to give equal playing time all the time. All that being said, attitude, willingness to work hard and being coachable in practices can affect the amount of playing time a player gets.
If the player or parent of the player has a concern with something that a coach is doing, it is fine to ask questions at the appropriate time and place. If this is necessary, please contact Coach Sexton to schedule a meeting that will include Coach Bird, Coach Sexton, Coach Pfannenstiel, parent(s), and the player. All of our expectations and efforts are for the betterment of the players and this team. The success we experience as a team, and the positive experience these girls have as individuals, is our ultimate goal. Please help us reach that goal.
We are thankful for each girl who has decided to play volleyball this year and we look forward to a great season!


text:
Leopards at a Glance
Go Leopards Front Row App
SID Resources
Leopards Team Shop
Video: You Can Play
COF Intramurals
Nelson Recreation Center
Sweeney Field/Carr Diamond
Allied Veterans Memorial Rink
Leopard Club
WIT.EDU
Softball Links
Pictures by SportsPix
Softball Splits with Roger Williams; Earns First Win Against the Hawks since 2012
Wentworth (9-12, 3-5) 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 6 6 1
Roger Williams (10-12, 3-4) 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 5 8 4
Wentworth (8-11, 2-4) 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 5 1
Roger Williams (9-11, 1-1) 0 2 0 1 1 5 9 10 0
2B: Brionna Myers; Rylee Rehders
2B: Kayla DeMedeiros
2B: Alyssa Murray
BRISTOL, R.I. – The Wentworth Institute of Technology softball team continued its historic season on Saturday afternoon, beating Roger Williams for the first time since 2012 in a doubleheader split with the Hawks at Paolino Field.
The Leopards move to 9-12 overall and 3-5 against league opponents.
Game One – Roger Williams 9, Wentworth 1 (Six Innings)
Hawks' pitcher Alyssa Murray allowed just five hits in the opening game as the home team held Wentworth scoreless until the fifth inning. Sophomore Kayla DeMedeiros (South Dartmouth, Mass.) crossed home for Wentworth, while freshman Katie Verreault (Scarborough, Maine), Alexandra Pina (Cumberland, R.I.), and Brionna Myers (Seabrook, N.H.) connected at the plate for the Black & Gold. Myers went 2-for-2 in the effort, while DeMedeiros hit for extra bases with a double, also suffering the loss in the circle.
Game Two - Wentworth 6, Roger Williams 5
Wentworth came flying out of the gates with four runs scored in the top of the first inning, all with two outs down. It all started with a base hit from freshman Sabrina Haarstick (Miford, Mass.), who moved Pina over to second after she was hit by a pitch. DeMedeiros loaded up the bases on an infield error for junior Deanna DiPilato (Worcester. Mass.), who knocked an RBI single through the left side. Myers stepped up and belted a double to left center, scoring two runs on the play for the 4-0 lead.
The Hawks got two back in the third to cut the lead in half, but Wentworth added a pair of its own in the fourth inning, again against the aversity of two outs down. Myers started the charge with a single to left field, and reached scoring position with a deep double from junior Rylee Rehders (Moreno Valley, Calif.). In defensive chaos, Myers scored on an infield error from the Hawks' attempt to get Pina in what would have been the third out, which proved to be the game-winning run.
Verreault jumps above .500 in the circle for Wentworth at 3-2, and earned the win with three strikeouts, three walks, eight hits, and five earned runs. Hailey Prechtel suffered the loss among three pitchers for Roger Williams in 3.1 innings pitched, six runs (zero earned), and one strikeout.
Wentworth returns to Sweeney Field tomorrow afternoon for a conference doubleheader against Endicott.
For the latest on Wentworth Athletics, follow the Leopards via social media on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. Fans can also download the Wentworth Leopards "Front Row" mobile app, powered by PrestoSports, on iTunes and the Android Market.
550 Huntington Ave. Boston, MA 02115 / (617) 989-4590


text:
Sen. Chuck Schumer and business leaders backing Bill de Blasio's push to extend law giving mayor control over New York City schools
By Kenneth Lovett
| DAILY NEWS ALBANY BUREAU CHIEF |
Mayor control works and empowers parents and students, Sen. Schumer said. (James Keivom/New York Daily News)
ALBANY — Mayor de Blasio's effort to extend the expiring law giving the mayor control over the New York City school system has won the backing of U.S. Sen. Charles Schumer and a bipartisan group of major business leaders, the Daily News has learned.
"Mayoral control works and empowers parents and students by putting accountability where it belongs: with the top elected official in the city," Schumer said. "The Legislature should extend it without further delay."
Meanwhile, de Blasio is scheduled to appear with a number of business leaders at City Hall Monday in hopes of pressuring state Senate Republicans into extending the mayoral control law for at least three years.
Among those set to attend is Richard Parsons, the former Time Warner CEO who Gov. Cuomo had tapped to head his education reform commission. Parsons is a Republican.
"The point we're trying to make is this is not a political issue," said Kathryn Wylde, head of the Partnership for New York City, who will also be at the event. "It's not a de Blasio issue. Irrespective of who the mayor is, the business community feels strongly that the current governance system is essential to continue improvements in the schools."
Others scheduled to attend the City Hall event are Rob Speyer, president of the real estate firm Tishman Speyer; Bill Rudin, CEO of Rudin Management Co., and Jennifer Hensley, executive director of the Association for a Better New York.
De Blasio originally was seeking a permanent extension of the law, but recently backed an Assembly bill that extended it for the same three years Cuomo sought without any changes.
The Senate Republicans, who have feuded with de Blasio, have a bill that would extend the law by one year, but add new requirements.
The bill would also expand by 100 the number of charter schools allowed in New York, something the Assembly and de Blasio oppose.
A letter signed by 75 top business CEOs and released last week by Wylde's group said it supports more charter schools, but not as part of the bill to extend mayoral control.
New Rochelle group calls for ouster of new schools head, citing lawsuit


text:
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However, if user tries to display an image with directory (for ex: example.org/img/nonexistingimage.png), it fails. My question is how to use it with directory ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Силицид диспрозия — бинарное неорганическое соединение
диспрозия и кремния с формулой DySi,
ромбические кристаллы.

Физические свойства
Силицид диспрозия образует кристаллы
ромбической сингонии,
параметры ячейки a = 0,404 нм, b = 0,395 нм, c = 1,334 нм.

Химические свойства
Силицид диспрозия отличается высокой коррозионной стойкостью. Восьмичасовая выдержка в кипящей воде не даёт никаких изменений в весе и внешнем виде образцов. Медленно окисляется на воздухе при температуре выше 1000°.

Литература

диспрозия


text:
23 February 1985 Infrared Measurement Of Grain Size And Melting Degree Of Snow
T. Hyvarinen; J. Lammasniemi
T. Hyvarinen,1 J. Lammasniemi1
1Technical Research Centre of Finland (Finland)
Proceedings Volume 0572, Infrared Technology XI; (1985) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.950687
Event: 29th Annual Technical Symposium, 1985, San Diego, United States
Hemispherically integrated reflectance of snow has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Spectral measurements in the range of 600 to 2000 nm have been done for several types of snow including meta-morphic states from nearly-fallen to melt-refreezed and density variations from 0.10 to 0.45 g/cm3. The effect of the melting degree up to 20 volume per cent of free water has also been studied. Snow reflection is a multiple scattering phenomenon and it is strongly dependent on the grain size and spectral variations in the ice absorption coefficient. Due to differences between the absorption coefficient of ice and water, the reflection spectrum of dry snow differs from that of wet snow. A reflectance model based on an approximate solution of the radiative transfer equation is used for theoretical analysis. Based on the theory and experiments, it is shown that by using three optimally selected wavelengths the relative free water content and average grain size can be determined. In the experiments of snow with an average grain size of 1 mm, a 0,8 per cent change in the reflectance ratio at wavelengths 1260 and 1370 nm corresponds to one volume per cent variation of the free water content. Reflectance measurement at a third wavelength 1160 nm can be used for computer elimination of grain size de-pendent scattering effects. Further, the reflectance ratio of 1160 and 1260 nm can be used as a measure of the average grain size. For dry snow a change of 1.5 to 2.1 in the reflectance ratio corresponds to an increase of the grain size from 0.25 to 1.5 mm, respectively. The third wavelength 1370 nm can be used here to elimin-ate variations in the free water content. It can be estimated based on the measurements made so far that an accuracy of ±1.5 volume per cent and ±0.2 mm in the measurement of the free water content and average grain size, respectively, can be achieved.
T. Hyvarinen and J. Lammasniemi "Infrared Measurement Of Grain Size And Melting Degree Of Snow", Proc. SPIE 0572, Infrared Technology XI, (23 February 1985); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.950687
Radiative transfer
Multiple scattering
The impact of algal fluorescence on the underwater polarized light...
On Line Analyzer For Monitoring Trace Amounts Of Oil In...
Field spectral signatures of snow, ice, and water
Moisture Measurement - Case Studies On Production Plant
Proceedings of SPIE (December 01 1991)
Infrared Spectra Of Penetration Depth Into Water And Of Water...
Polarization discrimination fluorescence retrieval from reflectance spectra of algae in...
T. Hyvarinen, J. Lammasniemi, "Infrared Measurement Of Grain Size And Melting Degree Of Snow," Proc. SPIE 0572, Infrared Technology XI, (23 February 1985); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.950687


text:
Naomi Wallace, née le , est une femme de lettres américaine, auteur dramatique, scénariste et poète.

Biographie

Formation
Naomi Wallace est originaire de Prospect (Kentucky). Elle obtient son diplôme de Bachelor of Arts au Hampshire College et suit ensuite des études supérieures à l'université de l'Iowa.

Auteure dramatique
Son œuvre est produite à la fois au Royaume-Uni, aux États-Unis et au Proche-Orient.

Elle a écrit les pièces suivantes : In The Heart of America, One Flea Spare, Slaughter City, The Trestle at Pope Lick Creek, The Girl Who Fell Through a Hole in Her Jumper (avec Bruce E. J. McLeod), The War Boys, Things of Dry Hours, Birdy (une adaptation à partir d'un roman de William Wharton), The Fever Chart: Three Visions of the Middle East, Twenty One Positions: A Cartographic Dream of the Middle East (coécrit avec Lisa Schlesinger et AbdelFattah Abu Srour) et The Hard Weather Boating Party. Ses pièces sont publiées par Faber and Faber à Londres et Theater Communications Group and Broadway Play Publishing Inc. aux États-Unis.

En France, Une puce, épargnez-la a été créé à la Comédie-Française en 2012 dans une mise en scène d'Anne-Laure Liégeois, et La Carte du Temps au Théâtre des Halles d'Avignon en 2013 puis au Théâtre 13 à Paris en 2015, dans une mise en scène de Roland Timsit.

Scénariste
Elle a écrit le scénario de Lawn Dogs, film qui a reçu des prix dans plusieurs festivals européens. Son dernier film, The War Boys, coécrit avec Bruce McLeod, est sorti en 2009.

Militante des droits de l'homme
Elle est membre du comité de parrainage du tribunal Russell sur la Palestine dont les travaux ont été présentés le .

Famille et vie privée
Naomi Wallace partage son temps entre le Kentucky et le Yorkshire, au Royaume-Uni, où elle vit avec Bruce McLeod et leurs trois enfants : Nadira, Caitlin et Tegan.

Distinctions
Elle a reçu le prix Susan Smith Blackburn, le prix Kesselring, le Fellowship of Southern Writers Drama Award and an Obie, ainsi que le MacArthur "Genius" Fellowship.

Œuvres traduites en français
 Au cœur de l'Amérique (In the Heart of America), 2005, éditions Théâtrales
 Au pont de Pope Lick (The Trestle at Pople Lick Creek), 2007, éditions Théâtrales
 Une puce, épargnez-la (One Flea Spare), 2007, éditions Théâtrales
 Un monde qui s'efface (la troisième vision de Fever Chart: Three Visions of the Middle East), dans Théâtre en court 4, 2009, éditions Théâtrales
 La Carte du temps, trois visions du Moyen-Orient (The Fever Chart: Three Visions of the Middle East), 2010, éditions Théâtrales
 Les Heures sèches (Things of dry hours), 2012, éditions Théâtrales

Notes et références

Liens externes

Dramaturge américain du XXe siècle
Dramaturge américain du XXIe siècle
Poétesse américaine du XXe siècle
Poétesse américaine du XXIe siècle
Scénariste américaine de cinéma
Parrain du Tribunal Russell sur la Palestine
Antisioniste
Naissance en août 1960
Naissance au Kentucky
Étudiant de l'université de l'Iowa
Étudiant du Hampshire College
Lauréat du prix MacArthur


text:
Högskolan Kristianstads forskningsportal Hem
Forskningsoutput: Typer av avhandlingar › Doktorsavhandling
1 Nedladdningar (Pure)
The police interview is one of the most important investigative tools that law enforcement has close at hand, and police interview methods have changed during the twentieth century. A good police interview is conducted in the frame of the law, is governed by the interview goal, and is influenced by facilitating factors that may affect the elicited report. The present doctoral dissertation focuses on police interviews in cases of very serious crimes of violence and sexual offences. Results reveal crime victims' and perpetrators' experiences of being interviewed and police officers' attitudes towards conducting interviews related to traumatizing crimes. Study 1 revealed that when police officers interviewed murderers and sexual offenders, the interviewees perceived attitudes characterized by either dominance or humanity. Police interviews marked by dominance and suspects' responses of anxiety were mainly associated with a higher proportion of denials, whereas an approach marked by humanity, and responses of being respected were significantly associated with admissions. In line with Study 1, the victims of rape and aggravated assault in Study 2 also revealed the experience of two police interview styles, where an interviewing style marked by dominance and responses of anxiety was significantly associated with crime victims' omissions of information. Moreover, a humanitarian interviewing style, and crime victims' feelings of being respected and co-operative, was significantly related to crime victims providing all information from painful events. Special squad police officers' attitudes towards interviewing crime victims, in Study 3, also showed a humanitarian approach and two dominant approaches, one affective and the other refusing. The attitude towards interviewing suspects of crimes in focus revealed humanitarian and dominant interviewing attitudes, and an approach marked by kindness. The present thesis shows that, during their entire career, an overwhelming majority of the special squad police officers have experienced stressful events during patrol as well as investigative duty. Results show that symptoms from stressful event exposures and coping mechanisms are associated with negative attitudes towards interviewing suspects and supportive attitudes towards crime victim interviews. Thus, experiences from stressful exposures may automatically activate ego-defensive functions that automatically generate dominant attitudes. Moreover, it is important to offer police officers who have been exposed to stressful events the opportunity to work through their experiences, for example, through debriefing procedures. After debriefings, police officers are better prepared to meet crime victims and suspects and, through conscious closed-loop processes, to conduct police interviews without awaking ego-defensive functions.
Handledare
Christianson, Sven Å., Handledare, Extern person
Dept. of Psychology, Univ.
Publicerad - 2004
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykologi (501)
FN:s SDG:er
Detta resultat bidrar till följande hållbara utvecklingsmål:
Åtkomst av dokument
FULLTEXT01.pdfSlutlig publicerad version, 464 KB
Fördjupa i forskningsämnen för "Police interviews with victims and suspects of violent and sexual crimes: interviewees' experiences and interview outcomes". Tillsammans bildar de ett unikt fingeravtryck.
violent crime Samhällsvetenskap 100%
police Samhällsvetenskap 68%
Crime victims Samhällsvetenskap 60%
offense Samhällsvetenskap 59%
police officer Samhällsvetenskap 55%
interview Samhällsvetenskap 39%
experience Samhällsvetenskap 28%
Victims of crimes Samhällsvetenskap 23%
Forskningsoutput per år 2002 2002 2004 2004
Holmberg, U., 2004, I: International Journal of Police Science and Management. 6, 3, s. 155-170 15 s.
Forskningsoutput: Tidskriftsbidrag › Artikel › Peer review
Crime victims 100%
anxiety 18%
Murderers' and sexual offenders' experiences of police interview and their inclination to admit or deny crime
Holmberg, U. & Christianson, S. Å., 2002, I: Behavioral sciences & the law (Print). 20, 1-2, s. 31-45 14 s.
sexual offense 51%
168 Citeringar (Scopus)
Holmberg, U. (2004). Police interviews with victims and suspects of violent and sexual crimes: interviewees' experiences and interview outcomes. Dept. of Psychology, Univ.
Holmberg, Ulf. / Police interviews with victims and suspects of violent and sexual crimes : interviewees' experiences and interview outcomes. Dept. of Psychology, Univ., 2004.
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T1 - Police interviews with victims and suspects of violent and sexual crimes
T2 - interviewees' experiences and interview outcomes
N2 - The police interview is one of the most important investigative tools that law enforcement has close at hand, and police interview methods have changed during the twentieth century. A good police interview is conducted in the frame of the law, is governed by the interview goal, and is influenced by facilitating factors that may affect the elicited report. The present doctoral dissertation focuses on police interviews in cases of very serious crimes of violence and sexual offences. Results reveal crime victims' and perpetrators' experiences of being interviewed and police officers' attitudes towards conducting interviews related to traumatizing crimes. Study 1 revealed that when police officers interviewed murderers and sexual offenders, the interviewees perceived attitudes characterized by either dominance or humanity. Police interviews marked by dominance and suspects' responses of anxiety were mainly associated with a higher proportion of denials, whereas an approach marked by humanity, and responses of being respected were significantly associated with admissions. In line with Study 1, the victims of rape and aggravated assault in Study 2 also revealed the experience of two police interview styles, where an interviewing style marked by dominance and responses of anxiety was significantly associated with crime victims' omissions of information. Moreover, a humanitarian interviewing style, and crime victims' feelings of being respected and co-operative, was significantly related to crime victims providing all information from painful events. Special squad police officers' attitudes towards interviewing crime victims, in Study 3, also showed a humanitarian approach and two dominant approaches, one affective and the other refusing. The attitude towards interviewing suspects of crimes in focus revealed humanitarian and dominant interviewing attitudes, and an approach marked by kindness. The present thesis shows that, during their entire career, an overwhelming majority of the special squad police officers have experienced stressful events during patrol as well as investigative duty. Results show that symptoms from stressful event exposures and coping mechanisms are associated with negative attitudes towards interviewing suspects and supportive attitudes towards crime victim interviews. Thus, experiences from stressful exposures may automatically activate ego-defensive functions that automatically generate dominant attitudes. Moreover, it is important to offer police officers who have been exposed to stressful events the opportunity to work through their experiences, for example, through debriefing procedures. After debriefings, police officers are better prepared to meet crime victims and suspects and, through conscious closed-loop processes, to conduct police interviews without awaking ego-defensive functions.
AB - The police interview is one of the most important investigative tools that law enforcement has close at hand, and police interview methods have changed during the twentieth century. A good police interview is conducted in the frame of the law, is governed by the interview goal, and is influenced by facilitating factors that may affect the elicited report. The present doctoral dissertation focuses on police interviews in cases of very serious crimes of violence and sexual offences. Results reveal crime victims' and perpetrators' experiences of being interviewed and police officers' attitudes towards conducting interviews related to traumatizing crimes. Study 1 revealed that when police officers interviewed murderers and sexual offenders, the interviewees perceived attitudes characterized by either dominance or humanity. Police interviews marked by dominance and suspects' responses of anxiety were mainly associated with a higher proportion of denials, whereas an approach marked by humanity, and responses of being respected were significantly associated with admissions. In line with Study 1, the victims of rape and aggravated assault in Study 2 also revealed the experience of two police interview styles, where an interviewing style marked by dominance and responses of anxiety was significantly associated with crime victims' omissions of information. Moreover, a humanitarian interviewing style, and crime victims' feelings of being respected and co-operative, was significantly related to crime victims providing all information from painful events. Special squad police officers' attitudes towards interviewing crime victims, in Study 3, also showed a humanitarian approach and two dominant approaches, one affective and the other refusing. The attitude towards interviewing suspects of crimes in focus revealed humanitarian and dominant interviewing attitudes, and an approach marked by kindness. The present thesis shows that, during their entire career, an overwhelming majority of the special squad police officers have experienced stressful events during patrol as well as investigative duty. Results show that symptoms from stressful event exposures and coping mechanisms are associated with negative attitudes towards interviewing suspects and supportive attitudes towards crime victim interviews. Thus, experiences from stressful exposures may automatically activate ego-defensive functions that automatically generate dominant attitudes. Moreover, it is important to offer police officers who have been exposed to stressful events the opportunity to work through their experiences, for example, through debriefing procedures. After debriefings, police officers are better prepared to meet crime victims and suspects and, through conscious closed-loop processes, to conduct police interviews without awaking ego-defensive functions.
KW - attitude function
KW - crime victims
KW - police interview
KW - police officers
KW - suspects
M3 - Doctoral Thesis
PB - Dept. of Psychology, Univ.
Holmberg U. Police interviews with victims and suspects of violent and sexual crimes: interviewees' experiences and interview outcomes. Dept. of Psychology, Univ., 2004.


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What To Do In Houston This Weekend
'50s, '60s, '70, '80s
5 Things You Must Do in Houston This Weekend, June 26-28
Go on and groove to those good times.
By Emma Schkloven 6/26/2020 at 6:00am
Image: Courtesy @ thebecky(underscore)b
If you choose to go out in public, remember, follow social distancing guidelines (at least six feet between you and anyone else), wash hands often and thoroughly, and wear a face mask.
Green Book Author Q&A
The Ensemble Theater and Harris County Public Library have teamed up for a special Facebook live Q&A with playwright Calvin Alexander Ramsey, who penned the children's book Ruth and the Green Book. His story, which he adapted into a play that the Ensemble performed earlier this year, follows a young Ruth and her family as they use a copy of Victor Hugo Green's Green Book during a road trip from Chicago to Alabama in the early 1950s.
June 26. Free. Online. More info and livestream on HCPL's Facebook page.
Parking Lot Social
We've said it before, and we'll say it again: we're experiencing a renaissance of the drive-in. But you've never had a drive-in experience like the Parking Lot Social. This weekend only, you can head to Aveva Stadium for an evening of car-based karaoke (called Car-A-Oke, get it?), bingo, themed trivia, and silent disco DJ battles … whatever that is. Hang around after midnight on Friday or Saturday for a showing of Jurassic Park or Scream, respectively. Get ready to rev your fun engines.
Thru June 28. From $29. Aveva Stadium, 12131 Kirby Dr. More info and tickets at theparkinglotsocial.com.
Soul of a Nation exhibition
This internationally traveling exhibition explores what it meant to be a Black artist in America during the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, all the way through the early '80s—so, in a way, it's fitting that it arrives in Houston just as the city embarks on dialogue about the Black experience in this country. Soul of a Nation's stop at the MFAH, the final part of its three-year tour, also includes an additional presentation featuring select works from the museum's own collection that spotlight the legacy of Black artists in Houston and Texas during those two revolutionary decades.
Jun. 29-Aug. 30. From $12. MFAH, 1001 Bissonnet St. More info and tickets at mfah.org.
It Started with a Riot! March + Rally — (Update 6/26/20: Due to Houston's rising coronavirus cases, the rally has been cancelled. A virtual rally will be held on Pride Houston's Facebook page and website instead.)
Instead of the traditional Pride parade Houstonians have come to know and love, the Bayou City is getting back to Pride Month's Stonewall roots with a march and rally protesting the discrimination both the LGBTQ+ and Black communities frequently face. Organizers of the peaceful event, which include both Pride Houston and Black Lives Matter Houston, encourage attendees to wear face masks and use hand sanitizer.
June 27. Free. Houston City Hall, 901 Bagby St. More info at https://pridehouston.org.
The Suffers live set
Houston's award-winning Gulf Coast soul ensemble has been hosting online live sets every week since late March, but this week's is going to be the last one for a while. It's also a pretty special week for the Kam Franklin-fronted outfit: on Wednesday, these groovin' soulsters released a brand new single, "Take Me to the Good Times"—their first new song since the release of their critically acclaimed sophomore album, Everything Here, in 2018.
June 27. Free. Your computer. Watch the set on The Suffers' Facebook and Instagram pages.
Black Lives Matter, Pride Houston, Ensemble Theatre, Houston Public Library, Mfah, drive in, music, Weekend Picks, Coronavirus
Park Here For Fun
The Drive-In Gets a Dream Upgrade at the Parking Lot Social
06/22/2020 By Katelyn Landry
One Choir, Two Choir
5 Things to Do in Houston This Weekend, Nov 20–22
11/20/2020 Photography by Emma Schkloven
Inside the Artist's Studio
5 Things to Do in Houston This Weekend, Aug 28-30
The Somm Picks
How Our Changing Times Are Changing Wine
07/28/2020 By Justin Vann


Find Specialty Carbide End Mills and Cutting Tools at Harvey ToolFor 30 years Harvey Tool has been providing specialty carbide end mills and cutting tools to the metalworking industry. Find your local cutting tool distributor.belin milling tools mill grinding mill raymond,Composite control for raymond mill based on . - SAGE JournalsIn the raymond mill grinding process, precise control of operating load is vital for the high product quality. However, strong . My Tools. My Alerts · My Saved Searches · My Favorite Journals · My Account ... Robust nonlinear model predictive control of a run-of-mine ore milling circuit. IEEE T . Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2009.Grinding Mill -Raymond Mill,Vertical Roller Mill,Milling Machine .Nov 23, 2009 . ina/ Grinding Mill -Raymond Mill,Vertical Roller Mill,Milling Machine Manufacturer- Shanghai Shibang Machinary Co.,Ltd.
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In the raymond mill grinding process, precise control of operating load is vital for the high product quality. However, strong . My Tools. My Alerts · My Saved Searches · My Favorite Journals · My Account ... Robust nonlinear model predictive control of a run-of-mine ore milling circuit. IEEE T . Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2009.


text:
Home Entertainment	Details on Ahsoka's Live-Action in THE MANDALORIAN
Details on Ahsoka's Live-Action in THE MANDALORIAN
by ZeeshanN December 2, 2020
Ahsoka Tano was introduced in The Mandalorian Chapter 13 "The Jedi" and a lot of fans got super excited. We were all thinking what exactly Rosario Dawson would look like as the famous Star Wars character, and she did not disappoint. She looks awesome as Ahsoka!
Lucasfilm and The Mandalorian creative team had to make sure to get the character's look perfect for her live-action debut and in a recent interview with Vanity Fair, director Dave Filoni and Dawson described the process of bringing Ahsoka to life from drawings and animation to real life, saying:
"It was a pretty amazing thing as we designed the costume and worked out all the details of that. Everything got considered to an unbelievable degree—the headtails, the horns, I can't even tell you. It's hard. It's so rare a person in my position from animation gets to craft and guide the character's jump to live-action.
"Many tests were done, screen tests, because within the Volume [The Mandalorian set that creates backgrounds on a giant digital screen] it will tend to lean magenta. You have to worry about how a character like Ahsoka would look because the temperature that we have her orange could be dramatically different in the Volume than in stage shots. So there were tiny little considerations that had to be made and adjusted."
Dawson added:
"What I love about the Togruta is that they have these facial markings, but they're all different on all of the different women that we've seen. In the cartoon it almost looks like a face paint, but [Filoni] really wanted it to come off as very natural.
"They definitely wanted [the makeup] to be very warm and natural. In the animation it's very different and bold, and the lighting is so different. But in the real world they wanted it to have a different kind of energy. It was fun to be able to see how that shifted when she had the lightsabers closer to her face, how you see it and feel it differently in the different lighting and the smoke."
One of the other things they had to consider was making sure the headpiece and makeup didn't get in the way of the performance. When talking about that Filoni said:
"Yes, it's tricky. That was one of the big considerations. Performance-wise I don't want her to be lost in all of this headgear and makeup, but she definitely is not. I kept things subtle in some ways with the markings. I mean, the funny thing is that the white markings over the brow are always done in animation to give an eyebrow performance. I didn't want a brightly saturated character. Again, in animation it works, but in live-action I think it works another way, and so you just have to play with the values and see."
Dawson went on to explained that during her fight sequences everything that she was wearing was firmly attached. Everything was "built specifically to my skull and body, and the headband that she has on with the tails actually clips in the back and holds it in place. We were doing stunts in it and everything, and it wasn't going anywhere."
Filoni also said he actually considered letting Dawson keep her brown eyes in the series, but Dawson did not want that. She wanted to make sure that Ahsoka had those blue eyes from the animated series:
"I remember when I put the contacts on, that was when it really solidified—the headpiece, the tails, the shape, the coloring, everything. Doing the face marking, doing my skin, wearing the costume, all of that was absolutely incredible. But I still kind of felt like I was in cosplay. The second the contacts went in, it was Ahsoka. I felt like I disappeared."
This won't be the last time we see Dawson as Ahsoka.
entertainmentstar wars
The Mandalorian: How Filmmakers Used a Real-Time Video Game Engine For Filmmaking


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AOL seeks to offer streaming video IM
MSN Messenger 5.0 adds camera, action
Yahoo bolsters its enterprise IM offering
Update: Microsoft and Yahoo to link IM networks
MSN Messenger to integrate voice, video
Next version slated for second or third quarter
By Scarlet Pruitt
Microsoft is prepping a new version of its MSN Messenger software that includes integrated Webcam and gaming features in an apparent bid to beat rival America Online (AOL) to market. AOL has been reined in by regulators from offering some advanced instant messaging (IM) services.
The next version of MSN Messenger, due to be launched during either the second or third quarter, will include integrated voice and video features which allow users to communicate live, face-to-face over IM, the software maker said Monday.
Users are currently offered Webcam functionality over MSN Messenger, but as an add-on service provided by Microsoft partner Logitech.
Although AOL has also shown its intentions to offer Web functionality with its AOL Instant Messenger (AIM), it has been prevented from doing so thus far by regulatory stipulations made as a condition of AOL's 2001 marriage with Time Warner.
When the two media giants announced their intention to join, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) barred AOL from launching advanced IM services such as streaming video because it found that the merged media giant would "likely dominate" new, IM-based services, unless the company met certain interoperability requirements.
AOL Time Warner recently asked the FCC for relief from those requirements, however, arguing that fears that it would dominate the market have not come to pass. In fact, AOLTW said, it finds itself in a highly competitive IM market.
Microsoft's announcement that it is set to launch its own integrated streaming video service likely serve to heighten the notion that AOL faces tough competition in the space. In fact, Microsoft said Monday that MSN Messenger now has 100 million active users a month.
However, Ovum principal analyst John Delaney warned that by gaining market share and revving up its service, Microsoft could put itself in the position of garnering its own unwanted regulatory attention.
"They are undoubtedly drawing attention to themselves but it remains to be seen if this is a service that people really want," Delaney said.
Although MSN did not reveal how much integrated video and audio would cost, Delaney noted that they are expensive services to provide. That's why players such as Yahoo Inc. have not yet offered the services, Delaney noted.
In addition to Webcam functionality, MSN said Monday that the next version of Messenger will also feature more personalized services, a new user interface and integrated gaming features that allow users to play live games such as double solitaire and checkers.
No one from AOL was immediately available to comment on the news.
Scarlet Pruitt is a reporter for the IDG News Service.


Crop researchers worry a new European court ruling could complicate efforts to move gene-edited crops from the lab to the field.
Hopes for an easier regulatory road for genetic engineering in European agriculture were dashed today by the Court of Justice of the European Union. In a closely watched decision, the court ruled that plants created with new gene-editing techniques that don't involve transferring genes between organisms—such as CRISPR—must go through the same lengthy approval process as traditional transgenic plants.
Many researchers had argued that regulators should take a lighter touch when evaluating products created with the new technologies, but environmental groups and their allies successfully argued that they should be subject to the same EU rules that apply to other genetically modified organisms.
"We applaud the European Court of Justice for this forward-thinking decision," said Dana Perls, senior food and agriculture campaigner at Friends of the Earth (FOE) in Washington, D.C., in a statement. "All products made with genetic engineering, including ones made with gene-editing tools like CRISPR, should be regulated, assessed for health and environmental impacts, and labeled." FOE's affiliate in France was part of a coalition of groups that brought the case.
Many researchers were less pleased. "This is going to impact plant breeding in Europe hugely and negatively," predicted Cathie Martin, a group leader at the John Innes Centre in Norwich, U.K., in a statement distributed by the Science Media Centre in London.
The ruling is "the death blow for plant biotech in Europe," said Sarah Schmidt of the Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf in Germany. It will force gene-edited plants to go through a regulatory process that typically costs about $35 million, she said, meaning only large companies will be able to foot the bill, effectively pricing out universities, nonprofits, and small companies.
The case focused on crops that have been made resistant to herbicides without transferring genes from other species. (The transgenic technique has been the typical way of creating herbicide-tolerant crops.) The French government had passed a law exempting these new gene-edited crops from regulation under the European Union's directive on genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which requires an assessment of risks to health and the environment, as well as labeling, tracking, and monitoring of the products. Confédération Paysanne, a French union in Bagnolet representing small farms, and eight other groups, sued and charged that the plants modified with gene-editing techniques should be regulated under the GMO directive, because they could cause significant harm.
The court decided that gene-editing techniques are covered by the GMO directive because they "alter the genetic material of an organism in a way that does not occur naturally." (The court exempted conventional mutagenesis—the unnatural use of chemicals or radiation to create mutations for plant breeding—because it has "a long safety record.") It also said the new gene-editing techniques have risks that could be similar to those of transgenic engineering.
The court also asserted that gene-editing techniques "make it possible to produce genetically modified varieties at a rate out of all proportion to those resulting from the application of conventional methods of mutagenesis." Schmidt said she was "shocked" by this claim. Maurice Moloney, CEO of the Global Institute for Food Security in Saskatoon, Canada, called it "logically absurd" that gene editing was riskier than the random mutagenesis used in conventional breeding.
In its statement, FOE said it hopes U.S. regulators would follow the lead of the European court. So far, however, U.S. officials have said they have no plans to subject most gene-edited crops to the same regulatory process used for transgenic crops.


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Men's soccer gives up agonizing late goal to Washington, draws 1-1
by Jocelyn Moran, Staff Writer
Two seconds was all San Diego State men's soccer needed to receive its second win in Pac-12 play this season.
However, victory was snatched away in a double-overtime 1-1 draw against University of Washington on Friday night at the SDSU Sports Deck.
The Aztecs were determined to fight for the win after falling behind to the Huskies 1-0 with less than 10 minutes left in the game on Oct. 2 in Seattle.
"(Washington) left us a bitter taste in our mouths when we lost up in Washington in the last couple of minutes," redshirt-sophomore midfielder Dallin Cutler said. "We really tried to prepare hard for them."
SDSU's first chance to score came in the 21st minute when junior defender Matt Callahan took a corner kick and sent it straight to redshirt-senior forward Rene Reyes. Reyes headed the ball toward the center of the net but slightly missed as the ball went over.
The Aztecs dominated the first half, keeping their defensive line tight throughout and attacking offensively.
Their efforts were rewarded in the 42nd minute when sophomore midfielder Ozzie Ramos took a corner from the left side and found Cutler, who was only a couple yards away from goal. Cutler chipped it into the net to give SDSU the 1-0 lead.
The goal was the first for Cutler in his collegiate career and makes SDSU the team with the most distributed offense in the conference with 12 different players scoring.
The Aztecs outshot the Huskies 6-5 in the first half.
Despite its lead, SDSU did not loosen up in the second half.
It had its next chance to score in the 66th minute. Sophomore forward Jeroen Meefout took a free kick 25 yards out from the left and perfectly curved the ball for freshman defender Kyle Adams. Adams headed the ball to sophomore midfielder Ernest Reyes who then chipped the ball slightly over the net.
Washington then began to play aggressively with multiple fouls marked against it.
In the 71st minute, Washington sophomore defender Garett Jackson received the ball in close range of the net and shot the ball directly to the center of the net out of redshirt-sophomore goalkeeper Adam Allmaras' reach. However, Callahan was there to kick the ball out.
With less than 30 seconds left in the match, the Aztecs could almost smell victory.
The final countdown began and the 902 fans were getting ready to leave.
As the scoreboard counted down from five, Washington senior defender Michael Gallagher took a left corner kick and set up a goal for Jackson. Jackson received the ball and sent it into the net with only two seconds remaining, tying the match 1-1.
"Washington is excellent on their offensive side pieces, and if you keep giving them chance after chance, then unfortunately you sit with two seconds left and get an equalizer," head coach Lev Kirshner said.
Double-overtime consisted of vigorous attempts for the goal from both teams.
In the ninth minute of the period, Washington sophomore midfielder Henry Wingo snuck past SDSU's backline and took the ball from the half-way line. He shot the ball from the left side of the box, only for it to hit the left corner of the top post.
The match ended with a draw, with each team taking 14 shots.
"At the end of the end of the day, we deserved that victory," Kirshner said. "We were better in the night."
The Aztecs are now 1-6-1 in Pac-12 play and 7-7-3 overall. They will next face Oregon State on Sunday at 12 p.m. at the SDSU Sports Deck.
"We absolutely need a win against Oregon (State) and then UCLA if we have any hopes of making the NCAA tournament this year," Cutler said.
aztec soccer
pac 12 soccer
washington soccer
Lecturer who led mascot retirement fight discriminated against white student because of her race, investigation finds
Aztec basketball bucked out of the MW tournament by the Rams, 71-63
Aztec basketball drops Boise State, 87-68, advances to MW semifinal
SDSU crushes Houston in Las Vegas Bowl, 34-10
SDSU men's basketball overrun by Grand Canyon, 76-72
SDSU men's basketball falls to Loyola University, 65-59
Aztecs set to clash with the Cowboys in Wyoming
Aztecs drop the ball against the Bulldogs, 69-48
Aztecs topple CSUSM in final dress rehearsal, 80-42
[UPDATED]: Video of SDSUPD forcefully detaining man sparks campus demonstrations


BAT is working on making videos. One of our writers, Mia, explains how to troubleshoot P0016 on her 2005 Toyota Camry 2.4L.
I'll try to post more meaningful commentslater, probably in the Lounge, but one thing that popped-up is that we need a video on what "back probing" is, when/why you need to do it, and how to do do it; both through the wire insulation and through the back of a connector.