"The 'iPad' will finally arrive. Last year, we predicted that we would not see the then-rumored Apple tablet in 2009. This year, however, we predict that Apple will finally introduce this new device family, which is more of an oversized (8-inch, 10-inch iPod Touch than a downsized Mac — and if you look at the developer energy around the iPhone/Touch platform, this should be no surprise at all. This prediction is a no-brainer: there's enormous appeal in sizing up the iPhone/Touch for a variety of applications and activities that people already use those devices for but would jump at the chance to have a larger screen — watching videos/movies, reading books/magazines/newspapers (it would take a big bite from the Kindle), surfing the Web, videophone, and online gaming. Look for Apple's "iPad" by year-end 2010. Oh, and don't be surprised to see Microsoft also announce its own device in this space."
The IDC report (pdf) doesn't suggest an iPad's retail price, which is rumored to be anywhere from a netbook-like $500 to an outrageously steep (and suicidal) $2000. It does, however, abide by the popular wisdom that the tablet will be more iPod touch than MacBook, a hybrid entertainment device that addresses a bold new consumer market.
But it remains to be seen whether consumers want a large-screen (and probably pricey) media player/Web browser/e-reader when a 13-inch laptop would suffice, sans the coolness. The answer, I suppose, depends on just how cool--and useful--the Apple tablet turns out to be.
· By the end of 2010, more than 1 billion mobile devices will be accessing the Internet, boosted by the growing popularity of smartphones and the Apple tablet.
· The mobile software market will explode: We'll see a tripling of iPhone apps to 300,000; Android apps will quintuple.
· The strain on public data networks will worsen. Blame the expansion of cloud computing, the boom in mobile devices and apps, and the growing popularity of online video.
· Netbooks aren't going away. In fact, they'll grow ever more popular. Shipments will rise to 40 million in 2010, up from 30 million this year.
· Google Android will emerge as a powerful competitor to the iPhone, BlackBerry, Windows Mobile, and Symbian platforms. But you knew that already.


BettorsChat > Post your Picks > NFL and College Football Betting and Handicapping Forums > So you are wanting to bet on the big game and am undecided!
View Full Version : So you are wanting to bet on the big game and am undecided!
Quite a game concerning 2 teams that in most any year would not be there to fight for Number 1.
I have read most every site and most every bit of news coming out and I can promise ya one thing- Flipping a coin may just be your best bet.
I do believe in special teams and do believe LSU has seen a weakness in Ohio States defense of a run back- sounds weird after what they accomplished on the kickoff against Florida last year- but LSU feels they see an opening using the first out when they have a wedge return on.
I also do not have faith in the inexperience of the Ohio State QB! The 2 headed QB situation at LSU and the mobility factor is my reason of choosing LSU!
I have also seen where Ohio State has not played worthwhile opponents and LSU has fared miserably ATS in its last 10 games.
Neither team is awesome- face it! Luck will play a role tonight- nothing you can cap about that.
OK- West Virginia and USC should be playing this game or at least the winner of that face this winner.
Look I have 2 bets working on LSU ML in a 3 Team Parlay (Seattle and Jacksonville ML) and LSU +4 with a similar Tease at stake. But the really smart play here is sometimes no play and thats alright as well! Don't feel that you need the action to enjoy the game- maybe that saved a few of you some money.
Enjoy a great game- its a type of home game for LSU but Ohio State and Jim Tressel have been planning awful hard to not make the mistakes they did last year.
:partying: Best of Luck Everyone!!
I take it everyone has decided! Good!
Determining factor was heads or tails?? In all seriousness Spear I figured you would be on LSU--I think there is more to it than a coin flip though buddy!!
Really this has been one of the oddest season for upsets---if not the season for upsets!
Mnay will walk away from tonights game and say I never saw that coming.
Maybe its a runaway Buckeye game- Very few see that as the end result but it is quite possible if Ohio State QB comes to play! LSU in a runaway game 31-14. Oh my! SEC is just so overpowering! Its all in the perception that we are on the right side!
No matter what happens on the ground tonight- I can bet you that our perception of the game which is mostly conjured up by the hype and stats and trends is all wrong!
It is definitely not a load up game. We see upsets like yesterday with the Giants and very few saw it coming- now it makes all the sense in the world.
What picture do you see in tomorrows headlines?
or a stout Jim Tressel who was embarrassed last year and finally gets payback over an SEC Team for the National Championship.
Tough Call- I think it will be close and entertaining! Lets do this!
Special teams make the under very iffy!
Ahhhhhhhhh Sandy- Good to see ya- fantastic run there! OSU comes out in great shape!
I can't see it- OHIO STATE IS TOAST!
5 dimes offers variable lines and just as tonight I certainly Won on its offering!!!
Amazing how we can beat these biatches!!!
Amazing we can bet different teams and still win!!!!!!
I took a double take at your thread and said huh???? Good job buddy!!


text:
Maxim Vengerov plays Ernst's Variations on 'The Last Rose of Summer'
Video of Leopold Auer and Alexander Glazunov from 1912
Sophie Rosa on recording the world premiere of Montgeroult's Violin Sonata in A minor Op.2
Ivry Gitlis performs Berg's Violin Concerto
Carducci String Quartet plays a Shostakovich string quartet - with drums
Naples violin makers: Della Corte, Postiglione and Pistucci
Sean Bishop of Bishop Instruments & Bows in London talks us through some 19th-century Naples violin makers, some following Gagliano models and other with more individual touches.
n.b. the video is flipped horizontally - Sean Bishop assures us his instruments are strung the usual way round
sean-bishop
Bach at the National Palace Museum, Taiwan: highlighting the treasures of 1742
Itamar Zornam, voice for Israel
Violinist Itamar Zorman's new recording highlights the transition from European to Middle Eastern influences in the works of Paul Ben-Haim, as he tells Gavin Dixon
A Master Copyist
Gaetano Sgarabotto was renowned for making replicas of old Italian instruments – and left numerous records of his research on their makers' styles. Focusing on his replica scrolls, Andrea Zanrè examines the secrets of Sgarabotto's success
In focus: violin by Vincenzo Postiglione, 1891
Sean Bishop examines a violin by the most prolific and finest Neapolitan makers of the second half of the 19th century. From the January 2008 issue. Photographs by Richard Valencia [click '+' to zoom]
In this video Maxim Vengerov plays Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst's The Last Rose of Summer - Polyphonic Study no.6, written in 1864. Read: Maxim Vengerov launches new educational website
This video footage, filmed in St Petersburg in 1912, shows the composer Alexander Glazunov and violinist Leopold Auer standing together. There is also an appearance from the Russian/Soviet pianist Leonid Nikolayev. Read: Leopold Auer profiled in the July 1907 issue of The Strad
Violinist Sophie Rosa talks about her new recording, which features the Violin Sonata In A minor, Op.2 No.3 by Hélène de Montgeroult, a French composer who was working around the turn of the 19th century and was the first ever female professor to be appointed at the Paris Conservatoire. ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import { Compiler, Injector, ModuleWithComponentFactories, NgModuleFactory, Type, ɵConsole as Console } from '@angular/core';
import { CompilerConfig } from '../config';
import { CompileMetadataResolver } from '../metadata_resolver';
import { NgModuleCompiler } from '../ng_module_compiler';
import { StyleCompiler } from '../style_compiler';
import { TemplateParser } from '../template_parser/template_parser';
import { ViewCompiler } from '../view_compiler/view_compiler';
/**
 * An internal module of the Angular compiler that begins with component types,
 * extracts templates, and eventually produces a compiled version of the component
 * ready for linking into an application.
 *
 * @security  When compiling templates at runtime, you must ensure that the entire template comes
 * from a trusted source. Attacker-controlled data introduced by a template could expose your
 * application to XSS risks.  For more detail, see the [Security Guide](http://g.co/ng/security).
 */
export declare class JitCompiler implements Compiler {
    private _injector;
    private _metadataResolver;
    private _templateParser;
    private _styleCompiler;
    private _viewCompiler;
    private _ngModuleCompiler;
    private _compilerConfig;
    private _console;
    private _compiledTemplateCache;
    private _compiledHostTemplateCache;
    private _compiledDirectiveWrapperCache;
    private _compiledNgModuleCache;
    private _sharedStylesheetCount;
    constructor(_injector: Injector, _metadataResolver: CompileMetadataResolver, _templateParser: TemplateParser, _styleCompiler: StyleCompiler, _viewCompiler: ViewCompiler, _ngModuleCompiler: NgModuleCompiler, _compilerConfig: CompilerConfig, _console: Console);
    readonly injector: Injector;
    compileModuleSync<T>(moduleType: Type<T>): NgModuleFactory<T>;
    compileModuleAsync<T>(moduleType: Type<T>): Promise<NgModuleFactory<T>>;
    compileModuleAndAllComponentsSync<T>(moduleType: Type<T>): ModuleWithComponentFactories<T>;
    compileModuleAndAllComponentsAsync<T>(moduleType: Type<T>): Promise<ModuleWithComponentFactories<T>>;
    getNgContentSelectors(component: Type<any>): string[];
    private _compileModuleAndComponents<T>(moduleType, isSync);
    private _compileModuleAndAllComponents<T>(moduleType, isSync);
    private _loadModules(mainModule, isSync);
    private _compileModule<T>(moduleType);
    clearCacheFor(type: Type<any>): void;
    clearCache(): void;
    private _createCompiledHostTemplate(compType, ngModule);
    private _createCompiledTemplate(compMeta, ngModule);
    private _compileTemplate(template);
    private _resolveStylesCompileResult(result, externalStylesheetsByModuleUrl);
    private _resolveAndEvalStylesCompileResult(result, externalStylesheetsByModuleUrl);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Doctor Who Season 11 Subititles
1 Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (.srt)
1.1 How To Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (English) (.Srt)
2 Click To Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (.Srt)
2.1 Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles Zip
2.2 Doctor Who Season 11 Episode 1 Download
2.10 Doctor Who Season 11 Episode 9 Download
2.11 Doctor Who Season 11 Episode 10 Download
Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (.srt)
Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles & Synopsis:
The eleventh series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who is set to premiere on 7 October 2018, and will consist of ten episodes. The series will be the first to be led by Chris Chibnall as head writer and executive producer, alongside executive producers Matt Strevens and Sam Hoyle, after Steven Moffat and Brian Minchin stepped down after the tenth series. This series will be the eleventh to air following the programme's revival in 2005, and will be the thirty-seventh season overall. It also marks the beginning of the third production era of the revived series, following Russell T. Davies' run from 2005–2010, and Moffat's from 2010–2017. The eleventh series is set to be broadcast on Sundays, a first in the programme's history, after regular episodes of the revived era have previously been broadcast on Saturdays.
The series will introduce Jodie Whittaker as the Thirteenth Doctor, the most recent incarnation of the Doctor, an alien Time Lord who travels through time and space in her TARDIS, which appears to be a British police box on the outside. The series will also introduce Bradley Walsh, Tosin Cole, and Mandip Gill as the Doctor's newest companions, Graham O'Brien, Ryan Sinclair and Yasmin Khan, respectively. Filming for the series, which is set to include a Christmas special, commenced in November 2017 and concluded in August 2018
Doctor Who Season 11 Cast:
Doctor Who Season 11 Release date: September 25
Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles. Have You been wondering if you would get hold to the Subtitles File of the latest and exciting Movie Titled Doctor Who Season 11 which was perfectly filmed and recorded. You just hit the Jack Pot as SubtitlesMag Got You Covered, We will Provide Every (.Srt) extention to Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitle and they are all available for free. You can get Every English Subtitles to Doctor Who Season 11 on every version of the movie You downloaded or You purchase ranging from 720P, BluRay, 1080P & HDRip, BRRip etc. Below Are few know How on how to add English Subtitles to your Movies.
How To Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (English) (.Srt)
Just Like You Know watching Doctor Who Season 11 Can be in foreign language or better still You want to get Hold on the Word used in the Movie, not all versions of downloaded Movies will have subtitles available. Fortunately, Subtitlesmag.com offer downloadable English subtitle files that you can add into VLC or any other Video Player.
Visit SubtitlesMag.com and download the Doctor Who Season 11 English Subtitles Files you need.
Move or save it in the same file as the video.
Open VLC or any other Media Player either separately Open the video file and select then pick up the Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles subtitle file and add it to playback automatically. If it doesn't initially understand the filename or something doesn't work as it should, you can manually add the file.
VLC or Your Media Player should now display Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles along with the video. If it doesn't see the English subtitle file, select 'Add subtitle file' from the Subtitle menu and manually select your downloaded .Srt file. VLC should pick it up and play Doctor Who Season 11 English Subtitles.
Click To Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles (.Srt)
Download Doctor Who Season 11 Subtitles Zip
Doctor Who Season 11 Episode 1 Download
Doctor Who Season 11 Episode 10 Download


text:
Home » Dice Games • Yahtzee » How to Play Yahtzee Dice Game
How to Play Yahtzee Dice Game
On March 25, 2019 posted by Adalene Lucas in Dice Games, Yahtzee No Comments
How to play Canada's favorite dice game, Yahtzee!
The vast majority of Canada's most popular family games – and likewise the vast majority of the games covered on this website – are played with cards. If you own a standard 52-card deck, endless fun awaits! But today, we'll be talking about Canada's favorite dice game. You guessed it – Yahtzee!
Popularized in the US more than 50 years ago, Yahtzee quickly spread from one region to the next. Part of its popularity comes from its simplicity; part from the lack of player restrictions; part from the inimitable thrill of actually rolling a perfect Yahtzee!
Yahtzee Rules – How to Play
There are two ways you can play this game. You can go out and buy a Yahtzee set – approximately CA-$15 on Amazon – which comes with 5 dice, an 80-sheet score pad, and a dice-shaking cup. Or, if you already have 5 dice lying around and a printer, you can print your own Yahtzee score pads for free (courtesy Memory-Improvement-Tips.com) and start playing the moment you finish reading these rules.
One of the great things about Yahtzee is that any number of players can join in. You can even play by yourself, although it's definitely more fun with 2+ in competition.
The object of Yahtzee is to generate the highest possible score by rolling a variety of dice patterns and/or number groups. The player with the highest score at the end of the game wins.
The game's dice rolling / scoring requirements are divided into two segments, which are likewise recorded on two separate sections of the score pad. They are known as the Upper Section and the Lower Section.
Yahtzee – Upper Section
The upper section is very straight forward. It's all about rolling specific numbers – as many of them as you can. There's a scoring section for Ones, Twos, Threes, Fours, Fives and Sixes. Score is taken in these sections by adding up all of the dice of that number, while ignoring any dice that reflect other numbers. For example, rolling three 6s is worth 18 points.
Bonus: Players can earn a 35 point bonus by scoring at least 63 points on the Upper Section. 63 is the magic number because that's the exact score one receives for rolling 3 of each number, 1 through 6 (as shown in the image right).
Yahtzee – Lower Section
Things get a bit more complicated in this section of the score pad. I'll go down the line describing each of the scoreable patterns.
3 of a Kind: Three (or more) of the same number. The value of all five dice are added together for the score.
4 of a Kind: Four (or more) of the same number. The value of all five dice are added together for the score.
Full House: Three of the same number + 2 of the same number (ex. 3-3-3-5-5). A Full House is worth 25 points.
Small Straight: Four numbers in sequence; 1-2-3-4, 2-3-4-5, or 3-4-5-6. A Small Straight is worth 30 points.
Large Straight: Five numbers in sequence; 1-2-3-4-5, or 2-3-4-5-6. A Large Straight is worth 40 points.
Chance: The collective total of all five dice, no matter what they are. Chance is often utilized in situations where the score is too low to take elsewhere, or no scoreable result is rolled.
Yahtzee: Five dice of the same number (ex. 2-2-2-2-2). For the record, the odds of rolling a Yahtzee are 216 to 1. Doing so (the first time) is worth 50 points.
Bonus Yahtzee: If a player scores a Yahztzee, then scores another Yahtzee in the same game, it is scored as a Bonus Yahtzee. There's a position on the score pad supplied just for this purpose. Each Bonus Yahtzee is worth 100 points, and earns the player one extra play. Note that players who "scratch" their Yahtzee cannot score in the Bonus Yahtzee column.
Before beginning, every player gets a chance to roll all five dice up to three times. The player whose cumulative total is highest goes first. Play proceeds clockwise from there.
Players can roll for any number or pattern they wish. Scores do not have to be recorded in any specific order. You can also change what you're rolling for at any time. For instance, if you roll 1-2-5-5-6, keeping the 5-5, then roll 2-3-4-5-5, you can decide to keep the Small Straight (2-3-4-5) and roll the extra 5 in hopes of getting a Large Straight.
Each player will get 3 chances to roll all or some of the dice. On the first roll, all 5 dice are rolled. The player then selects which dice they want to keep, if any, and rolls the rest. Rinse and repeat for a third and final roll. The player may quit rolling prior to taking all three rolls if they're satisfied with the outcome.
If a play results in no scoreable result, the player must "scratch" one of the unused scoring areas on their score sheet. For example, you might choose to scratch the low-value 1s, or something that's more difficult to roll, like the Yahtzee, Large Straight or 4 of a Kind. The choice is yours, but choose wisely!
The game continues until each player has completed all scoring sections. Theoretically, there should be 14 plays per person. However, if a player rolls more than 1 Yahtzee, they will earn a bonus score of 100 points, and get to play again for each Bonus Yahtzee scored.
Calculating Scores
To make the total scoring process easier, players will record their Upper Score and Lower Score separately, then add the two together at the bottom of the score pad. Be sure to add 35 Bonus points if the Upper Score total is 63+. The player with the highest score wins the game!
Care to expand your knowledge of the game? Feel free to visit any of the following links for more information about the fabulous game of Yahtzee!
History of Yahtzee
Yahtzee Rule Variations
Yahtzee Bonus Joker
Yahtzee Tips and Strategies
The Science of Yahtzee
Scoring Expectations & Dream Games
Best Ways to Play Yahtzee for Money
More Dice Games Like Yahtzee
Play Canada's Most Popular Card Games
Royal Vegas offers a wide range of casual card games for fun or real money. Everything from keno, bingo and scratch cards, to even blackjack and texas hold'em. Safe, and fun.
Visit http://RoyalVegas.ca
How to Win at Farkle – Rolling for Optimal Scoring Opportunities Every veteran Farkle player knows the rush of rolling a high-scoring combination out of the gate. The excitement...
Play Home Poker & Card Games Online w/ Friends
You can play home poker games online easily. Learn how to play poker and games with friends online, in multi-player or home game format....


San Francisco – just the name alone conjures up amazing images of unique, beautiful landscapes in this one-of-a-kind city. It is on everyone's list of must-see travel destinations. With so many great areas in the City by the Bay, where should one stay for a visit? Book your stay at the Staypineapple San Francisco!
This is a sponsored post with the Staypineapple San Francisco where I received a complimentary stay. I do not earn commission from any bookings or affiliate sales. As always, my reviews remain honest, and all opinions are my own.
The Staypineapple San Francisco, An Elegant Hotel (formerly The Alise San Francisco) is a beautiful boutique hotel conveniently located close to Union Square, Theater District, Nob Hill and more! It is part of the Pineapple Hospitality group, whose headquarters is in Bellevue, Washington. The Staypineapple (aptly named after the pineapple as the symbol of hospitality) carries the pineapple theme throughout the hotel – key card, wall logo, pillows, robes, and slippers. Even the water and cupcakes have the taste of pineapples!
A historic 1913 building, the Staypineapple San Francisco has been updated for a more modern sophisticated look and has a total of 93 rooms. As soon as you enter the high-ceiling lobby, you know you are in an extraordinary place. The high ceilings, marble flooring, the bright colors, and sparkling lighting, as well as the multiscreen display overhead of a panoramic view of the city, are captivating. The fine art displayed throughout the hotel is an extensive collection of commissioned works. A candy apple red grand piano is also on site (located on the 2nd-floor mezzanine) and is available to anyone who wants to tickle those ivories.
The warm welcome is a great way to start your stay. The lobby has the Pineapple Bistro and Bar, an area where you can interact with the bartender to create that special concoction, all with excellent service! They serve savory treats for breakfast and lunch, but also offer a platter of cheese and meats to go along with that exquisite California wine.
The hotel also offers an afternoon delight which includes complimentary coffee and cupcakes, something to hold you over until dinner.
At Staypineapple, the feel-good atmosphere continues as you enter the bedroom. The 155 sq. ft room was spotless and made good use of the space. From a comfortable king size bed complete with luxurious European-style bedding (with two individual folded duvets), terry-cloth bathrobes (slippers are complimentary upon request), small table and chairs, iPod docking station, and large flat panel TV, you have the right ingredients for a comfortable stay. The sizeable open shower is a nice start and finish to your busy day. They carry Tommy Bahama hair and body products.
Union Square is a great location known for its fabulous shopping, great restaurants, and being a transportation hub (BART trains, Muni buses, and of course, cable cars – uniquely identified worldwide with San Francisco), is a smart place to anchor your visit to get around to other areas easily. Union Square is about a five-minute walk from the Staypineapple San Francisco and has most (if not all) of your favorite stores! Stroll around the plaza, and you'll find fast food and flower vendors along the streets. Check out the stores on Maiden Lane where you'll discover all your high-end, luxury retailers like Chanel, All Saints, and Christian Louboutin. Alternatively, Westfield is an indoor shopping mall and is about a 15-minute walk from the hotel.
You are only a few blocks away from many outstanding choices spanning the spectrum of culinary offerings. For breakfast, head over to Dottie's True Blue Café for a tasty meal! You can't go wrong with The Southwestern omelet and a cup of freshly squeezed orange juice! This well-rated establishment is so popular, the wait to get in can be long. Be there as soon as they open, and you may be able to get a seat quickly. The portions are pretty generous, so you may consider sharing a plate if you're with someone. Lunch was delicious at Kin Khao Thai Eatery! Within walking distance of the hotel, this restaurant is worthy of its fabulous rating and serves the freshest ingredients. The Khao Soi is a favorite (chicken curry broth with egg noodles)!
Feeling more adventurous? Use the transportation hub to go to any of the adjoining districts for world-class San Francisco cuisine. Enjoy Gary Danko for that fine-dining experience. This Michelin-rated restaurant is near Fisherman's Wharf and is known for its exceptional food, attentive staff, and great ambiance. You'll have to book in advance as this restaurant is in high demand.
Whether a high-end establishment or that local hole in the wall, your taste buds will not be disappointed when visiting this great city!
Need a gym? While the hotel does not have one on site, they offer complimentary passes to a gym located only a few blocks away.
They also provide yellow beach cruisers, if you prefer getting around the city that way (how about that as your workout!). Each bicycle comes with a helmet and lock, so you are protected at all times! Interested in seeing the Golden Gate Bridge? According to Staypineapple's blog post, Google estimates an approximate ride time (from the hotel to the bridge) of 32 minutes. You will definitely enjoy that scenic ride!
If you are looking for a great stay, in the right location, with the service you deserve, the Staypineapple San Francisco, An Elegant Hotel is a perfect choice!
The address is 580 Geary Street, San Francisco, 94102, California, United States. Book your stay by going online or calling them at (415) 441-2700.
You made me want to visit that hotel and enjoy sitting at the bar and having that special drink. This is the kinda place I would love to spend time in relaxing and recharging.
If you do get a chance, you'll love it! The bartender made the bar experience fun! It's walkable to Union Square too so that makes it even a great location!


text:
Capture of a Slave Ship, African Coast, 1859
Caption, Capture of a Large Slave-Ship by the H.M.S. 'Pluto'. Shows a British naval vessel of the West African squadron capturing a large barque off an unnamed section of the west coast of Africa. The capture took place on Nov. 30, 1859. There were 847 slaves on board, the largest number of slaves ever taken in one vessel. . . . On seeing the naval officers look down the main hatch, the liberated slaves sent up a most hearty cheer, which can never be forgotten by those who heard it (p. 410). Although not mentioned in the ILN article, the captured slave ship was, in fact, the Orion, from New York. It took on slaves at Cabinda, went to St. Helena, and from there the Africans were probably trans-shipped to the British Americas as apprentices. (We thank David Eltis for this information.) For a detailed and informative account of another British ship in the West African squadron which deposited its prizes in St. Helena, see A. Pearson, Waterwitch: a warship, its voyage and its crew in the era of anti-slavery (Atlantic Studies, vol. 13 [2016], pp., 99
The Illustrated London News (April 28, 1860), vol. 36, p. 409 (bottom).
"Capture of a Slave Ship, African Coast, 1859", Slavery Images: A Visual Record of the African Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Early African Diaspora, accessed February 2, 2023, http://www.slaveryimages.org/s/slaveryimages/item/2731
Item: Capture of a Slave Ship, African Coast, 1859


This week we rocked out to the amazing Bon Jovi. Thank you so much for playing along and giving us a peek into the pages about your life. Our sponsor was Crafty Ribbons.
Our big winner this week of the gorgeous collection of satin ribbons is ISAY. Please email me at scrapitwithasong(at)yahoo(dot)com with your address and I will send these beautiful ribbons out to you.
Such beautiful layers and colors that really display the gorgeous photos.
Great line choice to make a unique, fun layout!
Such a pretty floral cluster that really pulls out the colors in the papers.
This is such a beautiful look at how important our life can be. LOVELY!
Art journaling is such a beautifully creative medium and you knocked it out of the park!
#10 is IRIT!!! Please email me at email addy above.
Stay tuned in a few hours for next week's challenge which will could let you honor your best friendships 'to infinity and beyond'!!!!
Thank you so much for taking my lo as one of the top 5! It has been a great pleasure to make this lo and the song was a real inspiration.
Congrats to all the other winners! You all made awesome layouts!
Congratulations to the winner and the top 5, I'm proud you placed me in it!
this is amazing! thank you so much for picking my LO. and congratulations to all the winners.


A new tinnitus book entitled Zumbido was launched at the Brazilian ENT Meeting at Recife, November 14-17. The TRI members and principal investigators of the TRI Pharmagroup, Ricardo Figueiredo and Andréia Azevedo, authored this textbook, which is mainly geared towards ENT practitioners, in collaboration with many other specialists. Ana Belén Elgoyhen, leader of the TRI Pharmagroup, wrote the foreword. The book is edited by Editora Revinter in Rio de Janeiro and is written in portuguese language.
Scott Mitchell, J.D, ATA Board of Directors, reports on the 2012 International TRI Conference, held in Bruges, Belgium, in the Summer 2012 Issue of Tinnitus Today.
During the Sixth International Conference on Tinnitus, held in Bruges, Belgium, in June, TRI Executive Committee Members Dirk De Ridder and Berthold Langguth told ATA how they first became interested in tinnitus and how research and the perspective on tinnitus have developped since then.
Tinnitus is often associated with acoustic trauma and head injuries that are prevalent with blast-related injuries and is the number one service-connected disability for veterans. This meeting was a collaborative effort among the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the DoD Hearing Center of Excellence. The Program Coordinating Office is currently working with a distinguished expert panel of six international tinnitus experts to synthesize findings regarding the neurobiological basis of tinnitus, its association with PTSD and TBI, and current approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Download the Third Annual International State-of-the Science Meeting Agenda (PDF 80KB), including links to meeting presentations and posters.
A new study at the University of Michigan Health System, which was co-sponsored by the Tinnitus Research Initiative, has shown in an animal experiment, that somatosensory neurons maintain a high level of activity following exposure to loud noise, even after hearing itself returns to normal. These results mark an important step toward potential relief for people who are suffering from tinnitus, pointed out principal investigator Susan E. Shore, Ph.D., of U-M's Kresge Hearing Research Institute and a professor of otolaryngology and molecular and integrative physiology at the U-M Medical School.


text:
This Might Make You Rethink Getting a Tattoo
One long-term effect of getting inked: microscopic ink particles can seep past your skin and get into other parts of your body.
Amanda MacMillan
Amanda MacMillan is a health and science writer and editor. Her work appears across brands like Health, Prevention, SELF, O Magazine, Travel + Leisure, Time Out New York, and National Geographic's The Green Guide.
When you think about the health risks of getting a tattoo, problems that reveal themselves right away come to mind—like infections and allergic reactions. Now, one later-in-life consequence should worry you too. Toxic particles from tattoo ink penetrate beneath the skin and travel through the body, and that may have implications for long-term health, according to a new study.
Writing in the journal Scientific Reports, German and French scientists describe their findings during autopsies of four individuals with tattoos: Using X-ray fluorescent technology, they were able to identify nanoparticles of titanium dioxide, a common ingredient in white and colored tattoo pigments, in those individuals' lymph nodes.
Travelling to the Lymph Nodes
The role of the lymphatic system, which the lymph nodes are a part of, is to remove toxins and impurities from the body. So it makes sense, the researchers say, that the lymph nodes would collect some of the ink particles injected into the skin. In fact, they wrote in their paper, "pigmented and enlarged lymph nodes have been noticed in tattooed individuals for decades."
But their new discovery that ink particles are found in the lymph nodes at nanoparticle sizes (smaller than 100 nanometers in diameter) is especially disturbing, they say. Particles that are small can behave differently in the body and pose different health threats.
Even in non-nanoparticle form, tattoo inks made with titanium dioxide (especially white pigments) have been linked to problems like delayed healing, skin elevation, and itching. In addition to titanium dioxide, the researchers also found a broad range of other tattoo-related nano-scale chemicals in the lymph nodes, as well.
Ensure Your Tattooist Uses Quality Products
To be clear, the research does not provide evidence of any specific health problems that could be linked to tattoos. But it's one of the first studies to show that nano-scale pigments—some of which are made of toxic elements and preservatives—do migrate and accumulate within the body.
And the authors point out that chronic health effects, like the development of cancer, are difficult to link to events like tattoos because they only emerge after years or decades of exposure.
More research is needed to further understand the true implications of these findings, the scientists say, and to develop guidelines for safer tattoo procedures. For now, if you're thinking of getting inked, know that a lot of unanswered questions exist says first author Ines Schreiver of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment.
"It is important to know that there is not much regulation on tattoo inks in the world that would allow one to state that tattoo inks are generally safe," Schreiver told Health via email. "The ingredients have never been approved for the injection into the skin, and there is a significant lack of data to explain the so far known side effects like allergies and granuloma formation."
"There might be more risk associated with tattoos than the ever-increasing trend of tattooing might imply," she added. "People should be aware of the unknown risks that might come along with tattooing, rather than presuming that the colors are safe."
How This Tattoo Artist Is Helping Breast Cancer Survivors Heal
Signs and Symptoms of HIV
Alopecia Overview
What Is Titanium Dioxide—And Do You Really Have to Worry About It in Your Food?
What Causes Vitiligo?
Types of Skin Lesions and Their Causes
The 9 Best Blue Light Sunscreens of 2023
How Is Vitiligo Treated?
Armpit Tattoos Are a Surprising Beauty Trend of the Summer—but Are They Safe?
Oral Care Awards: 28 Products for Healthy Teeth and Gums
COVID-19 Vaccine Shedding—Why Vaccine Shedding Won't Happen
Having Shingles May Increase Long-Term Risk of Heart Attack, Stroke
Is White Mulberry Leaf Safe? Herbal Supplement Is Linked to Death of Congressman's Wife
Forehead Thermometers May Be Less Likely to Detect Fevers in Black Patients, Study Shows
Sepsis Can Cause a Red Line on Your Skin—Here's What You Need To Know
Does Exercise Boost Your Immune System?


Molly and Eleanor are fiscally sponsored artists under The Field. If you would like to make a donation to our small organization, you may do so by clicking the button and selecting Eleanor Smith from the drop down menu.
All donations are tax deductible. Thank you for supporting the arts!


Registration is closed. We look forward to seeing you next year!
Click here to see both Session Descriptions, Presenters and Registration Information.
For the 2019 Interface conference Registration fee is $300 per person and the Tan Tar A nightly room rate is $96 plus.


text:
SpeakerFlow University
Free Strategy Session 👋
Speaking 101
Home > Blog > Technically Speaking > S. 2 Ep. 32 – Ghostwriting Isn't So Spooky After All
S. 2 Ep. 32 – Ghostwriting Isn't So Spooky After All
Cece Payne
Content & Graphic Design Manager - Follow us on social media to stay in the flow!
Linkedin-in Facebook-f Twitter Instagram Medium Youtube
In today's episode, we're talking with mental health speaker and ghostwriter Cindy Tschosik.
When Cindy isn't on stage, she ghostwrites nonfiction books for psychology professionals, mental health influencers, and performing artists to share their expertise on mental health topics and their journey to mental wellness.
As a certified ghostwriter, Cindy knows first-hand what it takes to write a book that's engaging, successful, and communicates the value one hopes to provide.
And in this week's episode, we're talking with her about what it's like from the author's perspective to hire a ghostwriter, why it can be more beneficial than writing a book yourself, and removing some of the fear people may have when considering hiring a ghostwriter.
As always, stick around until the end for some awesome resources Cindy has, and we hope you like this one.
Watch the Podcast 👀
Listen to the Podcast 🎤
Show Notes 📓
✅ Download Cindy's "Perfect Book Checklist": https://www.soconnectedllc.com/download-the-perfect-book-checklist
📷 Watch the video version of this episode and subscribe for updates on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYAr3nGy6lbXrhbezMxoHTSCS40liusyU
🎤 Thank you to our sponsor, Libsyn Studio (formerly Auxbus)! Want the best podcasting solution out there? Learn more here: https://www.libsynstudio.com/
🚀 And as always, don't forget about all the mind-blowing free resources at https://speakerflow.com/resources/
Read the Transcription 🤓
Taylorr: Welcome to another episode of Technically Speaking, we're your hosts, Taylorr and Austin; and in today's episode, we're talking with mental health speaker and ghostwriter, Cindy Tschosik. And when Cindy isn't on stage, she ghostwrites non-fiction books for psychology professionals, mental health influencers, and performing artists to share their expertise on mental health topics and their journey to mental wellness. As a certified ghostwriter, Cindy knows firsthand what it takes to write a book that's engaging, successful and communicates the value that one hopes to provide when writing a book.
And in this week's episode, we're talking with her about what it's like from the author's perspective to hire a ghostwriter, why it can be more beneficial than writing a book yourself, and honestly, to remove some of the fear people may have when considering hiring a ghostwriter. So, as always stick around until the end for some awesome resources Cindy has, and we hope you like this one.
Austin: Boom. Alright, I think we're live, right? We live?
Taylorr: I think we're live. I don't know, we're going to do it anyway.
Austin: How funny would it be if we just recorded this whole podcast and then none of it actually was recorded?
Taylorr: Well.
Cindy: Thank God for evidence.
Taylorr: As it goes.
Austin: We're going to have a fun conversation no matter what.
Taylorr: Who cares about recording the podcast, we're just here with Cindy.
Austin: Yeah, that's right. We've been looking forward to this one. So, thank you for joining us today.
Cindy: My pleasure.
Austin: Not only are we really excited about this topic, as is our audience, we're really excited about you. You're just a great human being. So, thank you for joining us.
Cindy: Thank you. Oh my gosh.
Austin: Yeah, totally.
Cindy: It's all smoke and mirrors.
Taylorr: That's everybody, so we're just going to pretend.
Cindy: That's why I'm a ghostwriter.
Taylorr: That's right.
Austin: So, we're definitely going to dive into this. We always do a little bit of digging about our guests prior to the show and we've been working together for a couple of years now, so we know you pretty well, but we always learn something new when we do this research. We're on your site and we saw, obviously, you live in Chicago, so holla; I'd be interested to hear your favorite deep-dish place. But you mentioned that in Chicago, well, you live there, but you also like hiking and traveling, and writing on the beach was one of the things that you mentioned. And I just am trying to figure out how the writing on the beach thing works in Chicago, because I don't think there are a lot of beaches in Chicago.
Cindy: Yes. Well, there are beaches in Chicago at the lake, but I don't frequent them often with my laptop. Writing on the beach is more reserved for places like Turks and Caicos and Mexico, those types of things where they have the pool with the beach, with the ocean.
Taylorr: Yeah, that's right, that's how it is too.
Austin: A lot more spent.
Cindy: And I'm in any one of those sections and as long as they're serving me my lunch and my beverages.
Taylorr: Emphasis on beverages, please.
Cindy: It's actually been my retirement dream for a long time to just ghostwrite books on a beach.
Taylorr: Heck. Yeah.
Cindy: And when I streamline from having the marketing agency for five years to ghostwriting full-time, I'm like, okay, I'll do this now and I'll get the beach later. So, the beach is coming, and it comes every time I'm on vacation, I do spend a little time writing just because it's luxurious.
Austin: Yeah.
Taylorr: Yeah. It's all about the vision.
Austin: It's true.
Cindy: It's all about the vision, so I have to live it, right?
Austin: That's right.
Taylorr: Sounds good.
Austin: Something about that environment too.
Cindy: But it'll come sooner or later for sure.
Austin: For sure. Okay. So, what's your favorite beach to write on? Is there a top-of-the-class sort of situation?
Cindy: Grand Turks is the best, that is where I wrote my first blog and officially my first blog as a ghostwriter full-time, and, yeah, that's my favorite place on earth. Some of my ashes are going to be spread there, but don't tell anybody.
Taylorr: We'll do our best.
Austin: Well, you did just publicly state this on the internet. Oh, that's awesome though. I'm actually going to Grand Turk for my first time this year, so you're going to have to, yeah, maybe we can have a sidebar at some point, you can tell me the fun things you go do.
Cindy: Oh, yes, we do. That's, oh, my favorite place on earth. It's gorgeous.
Austin: Very excited.
Cindy: You're going to love it. It's gorgeous. Gorgeous.
Austin: That's awesome.
Cindy: Yeah.
Austin: Oh, man. Okay. Well, now, people, if you're going to the Caribbean, then Cindy's the person to talk to.
Austin: Well, yeah. So, we want to dive in, obviously, as the title of this episode suggests, and as you already sort of hinted at, we're going to talk a lot about ghostwriting today. But before we fully segue into that topic, I just want to point out that you're kind of a fascinating character to me since you have sort of two pillars to the business, you do the ghostwriting but you're also a professional speaker and you speak on mental health and wellness and so.
Cindy: Right.
Austin: How did those two things separately come to be, and I'm also sort of curious which one came first?
Cindy: It's like the chicken and the egg. No, it takes a village. And so, the ghostwriting evolved from my marketing agency back in 2018. So, when I opened So Connected, it was a marketing agency, full-service, I served speakers, therapists, coaches, and business owners. And when I streamlined to ghostwriting five years later, again, the same people that I was working with and the mental health piece came about because when I was in a particular situation, it was a dark day, I was actually planning my suicide.
Taylorr: Oh.
Cindy: When I came out of that and when I came out of that space, I knew as soon as I stood up that I was supposed to be there so I could share my story and serve other people and help other people see different perspectives and such. And then, so I knew at some point I would be speaking about it, then when I was working with my first mentor for speaking, she was actually my first client from my marketing agency, Colonel Jill Morgenthaler, who became a friend and everything.
She had told me, she's like, oh, you're going to be speaking one day. And I said, oh, no, I'm happy behind my laptop, just writing away. And she's like, no; you'll be a speaker within two years. And two years came, and I was at lunch with her and I told her, I said, I'm going to share my mental health story, I'm going to start speaking, and this was 2000, probably 18, 2018. She was so excited. And she said, oh my gosh. She's like, I'm going to be your coach, I'm not charging you anything, I want to make you the best speaker you could ever be. And I was flattered because she was who I wanted to be on stage. Unfortunately, three weeks later she was in the Caribbean and died after a scuba diving session.
Austin: Awe.
Cindy: And she was a very, very experienced scuba diver. So, phew, it took the wind out of our sails for sure at NSA Illinois, and anyone who knew her was just devastated by it, because she was a force. She was awesome. So, she was kind of the one I was hanging out with, and when you rub elbows with the people that you like and you enjoy being around, they kind of rub off on you and you become a speaker. But the ghostwriting definitely came first and then the speaking and now it kind of, and then another part of the village was that a couple of years ago, right after COVID, or right when COVID started, I started wondering what my brand should be.
Should I have two websites, one for speaking, one for writing services, and Peggy Nashavaria from NSA, and her own company, was my coach. And she said, well, Cindy, why wouldn't you? Because the speaking was all on business books mostly. I'm sorry, the ghostwriting was on business books, the speaking was on stage for mental health. And she said, well, why don't you just write books for people that are professionals in mental health and wellness and influencers and those types of people. And I said, oh my gosh. So, she helped me mold it, because some great ideas we can't come up with on our own.
So, then I blended it and that's what I did, was I speak on mental health. I also speak on how to write books, obviously, that's why I'm here today and then I have my writing services and author coaching services.
Austin: Yeah. Wow, man, that's so cool.
Cindy: Yeah, that's how it came to be.
Taylorr: What a journey.
Austin: Awesome that you attribute this to those people that have influenced you too. It does take a village.
Cindy: Oh, for sure.
Austin: I think that's well said.
Taylorr: It sure does.
Cindy: There are so many people that have helped me through the years, it'll be nine years this year and I wouldn't be here standing in the business still, if I didn't have the right supporters and coaches and models and encouragement from all the professionals around me and supportive people like you guys at Speaker Flow, who help with the tactical and logistical stuff. It does, it takes a village to be successful and keep your business going and expanding and growing. So, I'm grateful, eternally grateful for everybody who's touched my life.
Taylorr: Yeah, man, for sure.
Austin: Isn't that the truth? I think all of us. Hey, take a second, if you're listening to this, and just feel that appreciation for the people that have helped you get where you are, because, man, I think it's really easy to go through life without stopping to be grateful. So, thank you for being a model in gratitude for us here.
Cindy: Ah, for sure.
Austin: For sure. Yeah.
Taylorr: So, for the ghostwriting, it sounded like you kind of started in the marketing space for ghostwriting, right?
Cindy: I did.
Taylorr: So, how did that transition into books? Is that pretty natural that, that happened or where was the bridge there?
Cindy: Yeah, I've always wanted to be a writer and I always thought books would be kind of cool to write and my English teacher told me I'd be a writer. So, when I had the marketing agency, I was copy-editing and copywriting content for websites, I was doing marketing materials and brochures, media kits, one-sheets, all that stuff. And then I was also ghostwriting and editing articles.
Well, that's where my greatest strengths are, is the writing piece, every job I've ever been to I've been the assigned writer, so it just kind of evolved from there and then when I was still in my marketing agency in 2016, I mentioned to my esthetician that I was a ghostwriter and she said, oh my gosh, my whole dream in my whole life has been to write a book and I'm like, let's go. So, we did, and then she referred me to somebody, and so that was two years, I had two new book clients, and so that was 16 and 17 and 18, I'm like, let's just do this full-time because I'm loving it. It just was everything I ever wanted to be able to do just not with a beach yet.
So, then I served to five years of the marketing agency, I streamline, because I was getting to the point where if I was going to continue with web development, there was so much new stuff I needed to know. And I was kind of like, oh, man, it was the whole story brand movement and I'm like, I really don't want to learn story brand, because I was really involved, I like the writing, writing and it's ironic because now I just hired a writer last week who's, I just told you guys, a certified in story brand, and she's writing my copy for my new website that's coming in June.
Austin: That came full circle, huh?
Taylorr: Yeah. It's funny how that works.
Cindy: Full circle. Yeah, exactly.
Austin: Oh, man. Wow. That's so cool. So, it sounds like it kind of started just with your natural gift and then the right opportunities presented themselves and you said, yes, as great entrepreneurs do and that's translated into the very successful business that you have today.
Cindy: Thank you.
Austin: Did I get that right, what a cool journey?
Cindy: It's about following the breadcrumbs, God leaves us breadcrumbs along the way, and we need to follow them because if we don't, the plans aren't as grand as we hoped they'd be.
Austin: Oh, yeah. A mentor of Taylorr and I used to say that luck is created when preparation meets opportunity. It seems you're a case study in that principle.
Cindy: Awe, thank you.
Austin: Well, not to say. Luck. I hate that word a little bit because it seems almost cheap, because it's not.
Cindy: What's that? Preparation?
Austin: The preparation, that part is hard. But the luck part, I don't know if that's actually the right word, but you seized the day, you seized the opportunity.
Cindy: Absolutely.
Taylorr: That's right. Respect.
Cindy: Absolutely. For sure.
Taylorr: That's awesome.
Austin: So, I feel I sort of understand this, but maybe not as much as I could, can you really help us understand, what is ghostwriting? What is that as it relates to somebody who's writing a book?
Cindy: It's a little tricky for some people. They don't quite grasp it, but basically what it is, it's when an author wants to write a book and that particular author may not have the time because they're busy running their business, which is where they really should be. They don't feel confident in their writing skills, or they just hate writing like I hate math, so they hire us to basically lend our skills of writing so that they could get their book done. And it happens through, I always start off with a discovery process to really deeply get acquainted with the author and the book and what they want for the book and then also how, because I have a speaking background, I've been with NSA for, gosh, I think five years now, too.
If they're a speaker or they're doing something with it from a business standpoint, we map out in the strategy session, what those goals are and what they want to do, and how they're going to use the book. And so, that's really, really super important is kind of to start with the end in mind. So, once we get through the discovery and strategy process, then it's a series of, by the time we have the strategy, we have the goals set for the reader, the author, and the business. And then we map out the, I call it the table of topics because I don't consider it a table of contents until we kind of have a firm grip on what is the content about?
Because we have to remain flexible in it, because chapter one may become chapter seven and vice versa. And so, once we have our table of topics to write on, then I interview them based on what that topic is, and then we go through a series of edits and then we move on to the next chapter and so on and so on.
Taylorr: Wow. That's a pretty methodical process. That's awesome. Very straightforward. Do you find, I imagine this, as you were kind of telling the story, I was thinking just about myself included in this, but I can imagine it can be pretty unclear, an author has a goal to write a book, you have that inspiration they want to write. I would imagine for some pretty unclear of what that book actually looks like, so I can imagine a lot of your job must be kind of chasing the squirrel, if you will, trying to pull in all of these ideas to have a common thread, what's that process like for you?
Cindy: Well, it's part of the discovery and sometimes I do visualizations and say, okay, when you want to write a book, you might have a concept. They may not even have a concept, but they know they need to write a book to better their business and expand their opportunities in their profession. And so, through a series of interviews and questions and getting to know them, I can come up with some suggestions on what we can work with and then also visualization. They know they want a book, if anybody wants a book, they have some kind of visual in their mind of what it looks like, is it medium size?
Is it a small size? Is it hardcover, softcover? What is it that's going to be important to them for it to look like? And so, we start there, that's one of the things I ask right off the bat because I want to know also where I could kind of steer them to what kind of publishing or who to publish with or print or whatever, because if we're doing hardcover, that might be a publisher that does hardcover. Some publishers don't do hardcover, they just get it up on Amazon, you order it from Amazon and download your books in paperback, and so there are just a lot of things I get to know that is beyond just getting the manuscript done.
Because one of the big things that's important to me is that every author, whether they work with me or not is well informed about the entire process from concept to when they're getting cash. And that's important because there are lots of ghostwriters, there are lots of editors, there are lots of author coaches and book coaches and publishers and the whole gamut and I just want, the one thing that I encourage anybody I meet is just to do the research, vet the people, find the fit that's best for you.
Because it's a long process and it's an important part of your life and your business, or however you use the book, and you want to enjoy it and you don't want extra stress and stuff. So, make sure you do your homework because what it comes down to is you could pick anybody, but are those people the right people for you.
Austin: Man, that's good advice. That's good advice, no matter what you're doing, so just generally speaking. It sounds like it's very consultative in a lot of ways too, so you probably want to like the person that you're working with if you're going to engage with them like that, you have to trust them and want to be hearing their feedback, right?
Cindy: Exactly. Yeah. You definitely don't want to hire somebody whose voice irritates you or they're clicking or chewing their gum or whatever. For sure, that's one area to look at, but not that you can't hire that person if you're up for it, but it is, it's very consultative, that's the part I love the most is just that working together, that partnership, just because you're not writing the book doesn't mean this isn't in your voice. A skilled ghostwriter will be able to write in your voice and also focus on the message, that the message that you want is getting through along with bringing in, one of my favorite parts is bringing in extreme value for the reader.
Because we forget, we're wrapped up in our story and stuff, and translating our story into something that's valuable for the reader looks different sometimes from authors. And so, a ghostwriter is going to be able to kind of mold it and shape it so that it serves both purposes, that the author is getting to say what they want to say, but the reader's getting something out of it as well. And there are all kinds of ways to structure a chapter to give really, really great and important value to the readers and that's a fun part too.
Taylorr: Yeah.
Austin: Man, I never even thought about that.
Taylorr: No, I can see why just right out of the gates hiring a ghostwriter could be valuable, because you're removing yourself from your bottle basically. You have somebody to work with you, to have a different perspective, to be considering all of these things, that when you're writing a book yourself, you're so close to it. It can be difficult to see some of those things and you might end up writing a book that might not be as valuable as if you had maybe partnered up with somebody to help maybe coax that along a little bit more.
Cindy: There are a lot of advantages to working with a ghostwriter. One of them is the structure of the book, the content of the book, the clarity of the book, the value for the readers. One of the other things is I write a lot of books that are emotionally compelling and emotional journeys that the author's been on. Because right now, what I focus on is to work with people who want to write a book to change, save, and celebrate lives. And that's with books that they want to write that are going to help heal people, so help people heal through their journey and everything.
And so, the emotion part is really tough and what I love about what I do is that you can see the growth of the author as they're releasing and sharing their story, they're able to, I've had authors say, oh my gosh, I'm so different than I was six months ago when we started working together, I'm a new person, I'm sick of writing this part of my story. I don't want to be the victim anymore. I've been able to forgive my wife and my family and move on and forgive myself and another woman, she was able to forgive the anger from all the people that came about after she closed her business for 30 years.
So, it's just so fascinating to see that growth and that's what's beautiful because while they're writing a book to help others heal, they're healing themselves. So, the ghostwriter taking a lot of that on and kind of, and I always wanted to be a therapist, I've always wanted to be a therapist.
So, I'm kind of, well, I am an empath and very highly, emotionally intelligent, so a little intuitive there, and so I'm able to really kind of help them through that in a loving and supportive way. The funny thing is that I was at a book retreat with Cathy Fyock, from NSA, and for one day, and I thought, oh, God, I'm going to go because I have this book that I have to finish from an author that passed away, one of my clients and she passed away three years ago and I'm getting it started this fall.
And we're actually co-authoring it since I'm doing it after her, I promised her I'd finish it as a co-author and it's about narcissism and she's doing it from the adult side, the spouse side, I'm doing it from the child side. So, I go to Cathy's workshop and I'm sitting there, I'm like I'm going to get my table of contents done, I'm going to start my chapters on me and figure out how it all blends with Anna's book. And I sat there, and I started to write and I'm like, but I had an emotional, almost breakdown, I had to stop myself. I'm like, holy cow, I'm going to have to hire my own ghostwriter to write this book for me because I was just so emotional and the breakdown, it was just like, oh my goodness.
So, I didn't get much done with Cathy's workshop, but I did get a lot of thoughts through, I didn't get a lot of writing done, but definitely preparation for when I do write it, it was fabulous to have that dedicated time and I love Cathy, she's so fabulous at what she does. So, it's a lot of fun out there.
Austin: Man, you've really kind of painted the journey that people go through in this process, because I think at a high level, the idea of writing a book seems so simple, and obviously, we all know there's a lot of writing in thought process and organizing of thoughts. I think everybody takes that almost for granted as it relates to the book, regardless of whether or not the reality and expectations are matched. But what you just described is this whole other personal growth component that goes along with writing the book, it's a self-discovery journey because you have to really figure out what you think and feel, right?
Austin: I think this is one of the benefits of writing in the first place. If it makes you get your thoughts out in a concrete way, this is actually what I think it'd feel, and it sounds like that can really be sort of an emotional rollercoaster at times.
Cindy: It definitely is. It's cathartic, it's beautiful, it's freeing, a lot of authors will feel they're freed and it's wonderful when we can take our own stuff and this is where my passion comes from, is if I can take my stuff from what I went through with what I talk about on stage is depression, anxiety, suicidal planning, and use that as a story to share with other people and make a difference in their lives and give them a different perspective.
The lessons that I've learned, what I do now, the processes I take, there's just so much that we can construct, so many ways we can construct what we've been through and how we can teach others to do it differently and better and hopefully less painful, that it just makes what we go through more purposeful, more meaningful because that's really hard stuff. We've been through trauma as professional speakers, as authors, as business owners, whatever we're doing, running a company like Speaker Flow, most likely you've had some hardships; everybody's had hardships in their life of some sort, maybe it's not trauma, but it's something else.
And if we're called to write a book about it or to speak about it, it's a special responsibility that we have and we need to do it to the best possible and the highest caliber that we're capable of doing. And that's what's really important in this whole process, and I don't know that everybody, every ghostwriter, or book doctor, or author coach operates as I do, I'm very, I don't know, I like the closeness that we have. I like to know, like when I opened up my author coaching program last year, what was important, for me, was that it was a small group of authors, it wasn't a big everybody come to my author coaching program, but it's just three to five authors and we get together, and we meet every week.
But what I did was I devised it so that it followed the same process I use for my individual ghostwriting authors. And I loved that because that was the part I didn't want to lose when I coached was that intimacy, close relationship, so that I know what they need and they know how we're going to do it and then I can recommend things, and so I really love that connection. Well, my company's name is So Connected, so I love being connected to people.
Taylorr: Convenient. Yeah.
Cindy: Because it feeds my creativity, it feeds my ability to write better for them. So, that's how I operate, that's my internal process and the gifts that I've been given as a writer and person and, I guess creative.
Taylorr: Yeah. For sure
Cindy: Artist or writer, or whatever you would call me. So, yeah, that's really, really important to me is that connection.
Taylorr: Yeah. As you were talking about this, I can imagine there's some fear potentially that people might have about working with a ghostwriter, not maybe because they're concerned maybe that it wouldn't be as good or not, but maybe they're not ready, maybe they're not even prepared for the emotional journey. What are some of the fears that you come across with people who are interested in ghostwriting?
Cindy: It's the same fears that we all have when we're trying to do something new. So, we're trying to build a new business, we're trying to become a speaker, we're trying out a new presentation, we're working for a new client, we're building whatever it is we want. And so, you're fearful of the unknown. You're fearful that what you, a lot of it is the same things, it's imposter syndrome, it's that negative self-talk, it's the self-sabotage, it's not understanding or not believing in yourself enough that you have something important to say. I'm halfway through books with people and they're like, I don't even know if anyone's going to buy this book, I don't know that it's important.
I'm like, what are you talking about? Of course, it's important. First of all, I would never take a book on and an author on if I didn't think what they had to say was important for the world to hear. And second of all, I'm like, look at what you're giving us, it's just incredible, right? What they've been through and they're sharing and they're being vulnerable and that's the other part is like, how can I trust someone to work with me? How can I really be able to dig deep and go to the depths of the darkness I've been to? And that's why, excuse me, I get really emotional about this stuff, because it's emotional.
That's why it's so important to find the right fit above all else. The right fit of who you're going to work with and how you want to work is what's most important. And so, you really have to meet a lot of ghostwriters or whoever you're looking to work with and make sure that you're aligned, that they're going to be able to pull out of you what you are resistant to, and sometimes you're so resistant you don't even know it needs to be pulled out.
Austin: Yeah, man. That's such great advice. I love how just real you are with this process. There are no sales tropes or anything and I know you're not here to sell yourself, in fact, probably people are very lucky to even get on your calendar because I know that you are a very busy person with a lot of people vying for your attention. But you look at this process, well, and it's not even just from a practical standpoint too, but I can tell that you really just like what you do, and you want to enjoy the process as well, it's so important because it's such an important thing for the people that are going through the process with you or with whoever it is that.
Cindy: It is, yeah.
Austin: I'm kind of curious because I really get the sense that, that intimacy that you get between you and your clients is important to you. And you're a great person, I'm sure your clients love that as well. I mentioned that there are some people that do want to be more or less close to the project though. So, do you find that there are some clients that want to be more removed from it as opposed to being very inclined? Where's the balance there?
Cindy: Well, I have a mix, I'm looking at my list of people I'm working with and it's a mix. Some people are like, okay, I've given you the interviews, bring me back the chapters. And then some people are like, they want to be part of that drafting process, they want to see it at certain intervals and those types of things, or it'll be like, if they're uncertain of the tone they want, I just met with an author yesterday and I'm like, okay, so I've presented a couple of chapters to you. They were in a different tone, this tone and starting the book off this way is more in tune with your real voice, and it's a little edgy, because she's kind of straightforward.
And I said, so it might be a little rough around the edges, so let's see if you like this. And so, until we get that tone fixed, they want to be involved or I need them to be involved, and so when she read it, she's like, oh my God, that's exactly like me.
Taylorr: Mission accomplished.
Cindy: She said, I think you need to soften it a bit. So, there are ebbs and flows. So, some people are just like, write it and let me see it, the first couple chapters I'll always run by them because I need to make sure we're on the same page and everything. And then some people are just like, draft it, come back to me. And I try to do two or three chapters at a time before I give it back to them because it's just better to keep going in flow. And sometimes they're interrelated and you kind of want to know how it sequences and that's usually, and then I'm in the flow, I'm not just stopping at the end of a chapter and going one-by-one.
So, it's a mix, it's a mix and what it depends on is how available they are. If they're off for summer and the book is their entire process, I'm hearing from them every week. Their entire priority, I'm hearing from them every week. If they are all over the world speaking or running their business or whatever they're doing, I have to make the effort to get in touch with them and say, hey, this is when we're meeting again. Because they want hands-off, they hired a ghostwriter, they're paying a great investment for it and they want as little to do with it as possible.
So, I have a whole range, so it all depends on, again, I try to be as flexible and flexible with the author as I can be, that's what it's about. So, it is, it's definitely a yin and yang in how we come together and what works best for them.
Taylorr: For sure. Wow. I love that breakdown. And I think you've enlightened me of like, I kind of always imagined ghostwriting, I would need to come prepared with all of the things ready, to be like, here, this is the thing. But it sounds like it's a lot about discovery and it's an emotional journey and there are varying degrees of how involved you can be or not be, there's so much variability in it and that's super enlightening.
Cindy: Well, not all ghostwriters operate that way.
Taylorr: Sure.
Cindy: I know some ghostwriters are just black and white, this is how we go and this is what happens and we get a book at the end. That is not my style, I would not operate well like that, because, for me, evoking emotion out of the content and for the reader and even for the website, when I did website content and marketing content, it was all about grabbing people, keeping them engaged and evoking that emotion and evoking inspiration and keeping them reading along. And some people won't like my style, I can think of a couple of people I know that would never, ever meld with me, and that's why it's about the best fit.
Taylorr: That's right. No, I love that you've reinforced that throughout this. Thank you for sharing all your wisdom, I feel I've just learned so much about this process and I hope our listeners did too. Cindy, if they want to learn more about potentially working with you or even ghostwriting, writing their own book, do you have any resources you can point them towards, how do they get in touch with you?
Cindy: So, my website is under construction. It's not at its best, mid-June come back, no. soconnectedllc.com is the name of the website and on there, there's an invitation to download the checklist, the A-to-Z checklist in order to get kick-started with your book. It's a 17-page guide of all the answers I've had to share with other authors who've asked me questions and it goes all the way from, what you do with your concept, to questions to ask your publisher and all the stuff in-between. So, that's a really good piece.
And then, I'm always here as a resource for your community and there's also a way to schedule a call with me, a 30-minute call for questions. No sales, no pressure, all service, how I can help you, because I want you to get what you need as authors. And that's the best way to get ahold of me is the website. If you want to email me, it's [email protected], if you want a direct line. So, those would be the two best ways to reach us.
Taylorr: Alright. That is awesome. Rest in peace your inbox. So, you heard it right from the source you guys, actually, go check that guide out, it is thorough, it's amazing, Austin and I have both seen it, it's absolutely incredible. Definitely go check that out if you are thinking about writing a book as a very first step, it's going to be a monumental resource. Cindy.
Taylorr: Thank you so much for coming on the show today, this has been an absolute pleasure and, hey, listeners, if you liked this show, rate it, like it, subscribe to it and if you want more awesome resources like this, go to speakerflow.com/resources. Thank you so much for chiming in. I just wanted to take a second to thank our sponsor Auxbus. Auxbus is the all-in-one suite of tools you need to run your podcast, and it's actually what we run here at SpeakerFlow for Technically Speaking.
It makes planning podcasts simple; it makes recording podcasts simple; it even makes publishing podcasts to the masses simple. And quite honestly, Technically Speaking wouldn't be up as soon as it is without Auxbus. Thank you so much Auxbus, and if you are interested in checking Auxbus out, whether you're starting a podcast or you have one currently, get our special offer, auxbus.com/speakerflow, or click the link below in our show notes.
Subscribe On Your Favorite Platform 👇
Get updates every time we release a new episode. Plus, join thousands of other speakers, coaches, and consultants learning to use systems to take control of their business.
We're committed to your privacy. SpeakerFlow uses the information you provide to us to contact you about our relevant content, products, services, and promotional offers. You may unsubscribe from these communications at any time. For more information, check out our privacy policy.
Other Episodes You Might Like
S. 3 Ep. 4 – What A Successful Speaking Business Looks Like To A Bureau
S. 3 Ep. 3 – How To Get Paid What You Deserve
S. 3 Ep. 2 – Inclusivity Is A Verb – Not A Noun
SpeakerFlow is a state of being. It's living in your zone of genius, running a business that's producing the results you want, and having complete clarity on where you're heading next.
We'll get you there faster.
Facebook-f Linkedin Instagram Youtube Twitter Medium
Technically Speaking Podcast
Not Your Average Newsletter
Join thousands of other experts learning how to use systems to stay in Flow and take control of their business.
Plus, get a free gift only our subscribers get access to (no B.S.). 🎁
Sitemap | Privacy Policy | Website Terms of Service | Terms of Use | SF University Terms of Service | SpeakerFlow CRM Terms of Service
Made With ❤ By SpeakerFlow


Planning is underway for a reconfiguration of West Footscray Station to incorporate the Western Turnback facility for the Melbourmne Metro Tunnel.
To get the most out of the new underground rail line, Melbourne Metro will build a new passenger platform and additional track at West Footscray station to enable trains to start and finish services at West Footscray.
The new passenger platform will be located on the northern side of West Footscray station (Cross Street side) and will service city-bound trains coming from Sunbury in the peak periods.
Cross Street is where the bike trail from Footscray to Sunshine is located, and could be impacted by construction works. This could exacerbate the problems of the poor crossing at the Gordon Street southbound exit.
Additionally, the footbridge and ramps over the station are also part of a bike route, as currently there is no bike facility on nearby Geelong Road as it crosses the railway tracks.
The earlier redevelopment of West Footscray Station left bikes in the lurch with second rate options to cross both the expanse of rail track and the Geelong Road.
In the Western Turnback plans the existing city-bound platform will be used for trains to start and finish services at West Footscray station.
Providing an additional platform for Sunbury line trains will also allow for an increase in the number of services and help ease overcrowding at West Footscray, Middle Footscray and Footscray stations during the morning and afternoon peaks.
The Rail Infrastructure Alliance (RIA), which comprises Rail Projects Victoria, Metro Trains and a consortium of CPB, John Holland and AECOM, will construct the new platform and track at West Footscray.
As part of the planning process for these works, RIA will prepare two draft Development Plans for public display and comment. The draft Western Turnback Development Plan – Stage 1 (Rail Works) is now on display until 14 December.
There will also be an opportunity to comment on the station works plans at a later date.
The Development Plans set out the scope and extent of the built form and urban design around the Metro Tunnel Project's works at West Footscray station.
The Minister for Planning must approve these Development Plans prior to the commencement of main works.
Have your say on the Western Turnback Development Plan – Stage 1 by taking the survey here.


To hear people talk about willpower you would think it was some mystical power that we all have to varying degrees. Those with a lot of will power are able to do difficult things like give up smoking or lose weight, while – or so it would seem – those with a low level of willpower are doomed to continue smoking or continue to be overweight. The reality is not so simple.
As human beings we are complex creatures, and part of that complexity is facing conflicting desires. I want to lose weight, but I also want that extra portion of potatoes and a piece of cake to follow it. I can't have it both ways, so what happens? Well, in short what will happen is that I will follow the course of action that represents what I want more. If losing weight is more important to me than enjoying those calories, then I will resist the temptation. However, if the pleasure of consuming those calories appeals more than the idea of losing weight, I will choose to tuck in. There is no magical or mystical 'willpower' – it boils down to which we want more.
What complicates matters is that much will depend on the circumstances at the time – that is, there will be contextual factors that will influence which preference I rate above another at any given moment. If someone has just really annoyed me by, for example, promising to do something by a particular time and then putting me in a very difficult position when they don't actually do it, then my preference for 'comfort eating' to manage my feelings of annoyance and disappointment at that point may displace my desire to lose weight, and so I go for the extra food option. However, consider a different scenario. Imagine that I have just found out that someone I know who was quite overweight has died of a heart attack at just 49 years of age. At that moment my commitment to losing weight is more likely to come to the fore, enabling me to find it easier to resist those tempting calories.
There will be other factors too. Today it's a friend's birthday and everyone is overeating, so I find it much easier to join in the indulgence. Tomorrow, though, I may well find myself breathless after walking up two flights of stairs and I will be determined to decline the biscuits that will be offered at the meeting I am going to.
What will make a difference is how consistent we can manage to be. If, for example, I am determined to lose weight, then I know that I must be consistent in how I approach the subject. Being careful about what I eat and taking exercise one day and stuffing my face, with no exercise the next will not help me achieve what I want to. And, in addition, there is a fair chance that I will feel disappointed in myself for letting myself down – allegedly because I see myself as 'lacking will power', which comes to be seen as a personal failing. In turn, that can become an excuse, an example of bad faith, when we say to ourselves: 'There's no point trying to lose weight. I haven't got the willpower'.
There is, then, no 'willpower' that we need to harness. We just need to be clear which of the conflicting desires is more important to us and try to be as consistent as we can in evolving circumstances. It can help too to be aware of who and what will influence our choices, so that we are in a stronger, better-informed position to make the choices that matter to us.
Having little or no sense of control is a key factor in stress. People who are under immense pressure will often not get stressed while they have some degree of control over those pressures. At the same time, some people can face fairly modest levels of pressure, but be highly stressed because they have little sense of control over the circumstances they are in. Control, or our sense of control, will often be the difference between being stressed and not. A vicious circle can easily develop in which feeling stressed affects our coping abilities and then we feel that we have less control. Our sense of control goes down and down.
Similarly, control is a factor in anxiety. People who are feeling anxious much of the time will generally have concerns about control – feeling very uneasy about either what they can't control (what is often referred to as 'worry', emotional energy going into things we can do little or nothing about) or what they can control (often referred to as Angst or anguish – anxiety about making the wrong choice or getting a decision wrong). Worry and anguish can be very different, with different causes and different consequences. However, what they have in common is our sense of control (or lack of it). Feeling anxious can make us feel even less in control, and so another vicious circle around control develops – anxiety begets anxiety.
Furthermore, control can be seen as an important factor in depression. Often depression arises from a sense of powerlessness that can overwhelm us in certain circumstances – we feel overtaken by a sense of having no control: nothing works, nothing makes a difference, and so we retreat. That retreat, the withdrawal (for our own safety and security) gives us less control over our situation, reinforcing our sense of powerlessness. And there we have it, another vicious circle.
To cap it all, being involved in a vicious circle can in itself undermine our sense of control, our sense of 'personal efficacy', to use the technical term. We feel disempowered by it.
Of course, no one has complete control over their circumstances; there will always be things that we can do nothing about. The philosophical term for this is 'facticity'. If you are cut, you will bleed. You have no choice in the matter. However, it is also true to say that there is never a situation that we have no control over – there is always some way we can (and have to) react to the situation. What that means is that, in all circumstances, we are always somewhere along the continuum between complete control and no control. Or, to put it another way, in every situation there we will be things we can't control, but there will also be things we can control.
However, having strong sense of having little or no control (because we are stressed, anxious, depressed or for whatever other reason) can mean that we focus too much on what we can't control, and what we can control becomes blurred, out of focus and unclear to us. What can then happen is a process known as 'self-disempowerment'. We develop an unbalanced perspective on the situation, with the issues that constrain us brightly illuminated and the factors that empower us hidden in the shadows.
So, one important thing for us to do (and perhaps help others to do at times) is to try and develop a more balanced picture of the circumstances we are in, avoiding the unhelpful extremes of (i) the 'nothing is impossible' naivety of overoptimism; and (ii) the destructive defeatism and cynicism of a 'there's nothing I can do about it' attitude. The first step is to be crystal clear about what you can control and get busy controlling it as best you can.


text:
A.A. Davis
MA 05.11 - Endothelial Adhesion Molecule Overexpression Correlates to Decreased CD8 T Cells and Increased B/Treg Cells in Lung Cancer (ID 8609)
15:45 - 17:30 | Author(s): A.A. Davis
Immunotherapy has become a promising recourse for lung cancer therapy. The endothelium separates circulating immune cells and the tumor microenvironment, and it is necessary for immune cells to penetrate this barrier to accost the tumor. This requires cell-matrix interactions via endothelial adhesion molecules(EAM) such as selectin and integrin. While it is expected that higher expression of EAM is linked to greater immune cell infiltration in general, little is known as to its actual effect on various types of immune cells in human lung cancer.
Based on the TCGA database, mRNA-seq values of genes related to the leukocyte recruitment cascade were analyzed in 504 patient samples with lung squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and 522 patient samples with lung adenocarcinoma. The genes were divided into 3 sets: rolling, firm adhesion, and transmigration. Immune cell infiltration of each set was analyzed using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA), and p values were derived from Fisher's exact and Chi-squared tests.
In lung SCC, overexpression(z score>2.0) of the above genes was statistically significantly correlated with decreased infiltration of activated CD4/CD8 T cells, but increased infiltration of activated B/Treg cells (Figure1). Similar trend was also observed in lung adenocarcinoma. Macrophage, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells showed increased infiltration in the EAM overexpression groups of both SCC and adenocarcinoma. Overall survival showed no significant difference in all three EAM gene overexpression groups in both types of lung cancer.Figure 1
We demonstrate for the first time that overexpression of EAM genes is linked to differential infiltration of various immune cells (including decreased CD4/CD8 T cells and increased activated B/Treg cells) in human lung cancer tissue. Recruitment of B/Treg cells by EAM may have an impact on inactivation of infiltrated T cells in the tumor microenvironment. This suggests that EAM status may serve as a predictive biomarker for T cell-mediated immunotherapy.
OA 07 - Biomarker for Lung Cancer (ID 659)
Track: Biology/Pathology
Moderators:Philip Christopher Mack, Shinichi Toyooka
Coordinates: 10/16/2017, 15:45 - 17:30, Room 503
OA 07.03 - Circulating Tumor DNA Mutant Allele Frequency and Tumor Burden as Biomarkers for Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade (ID 9606)
Identifying biomarkers to select patients who respond to immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a challenge. Cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a non-invasive, quantitative method of monitoring genomic alterations in the peripheral blood. We evaluated the clinical utility of ctDNA mutant allele frequency (MAF) and tumor burden based on imaging as biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint blockade in NSCLC.
From a cohort of 136 patients with ctDNA samples, 20 patients were retrospectively identified with ctDNA testing before initiation of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment or within 90 days of therapy initiation. ctDNA testing was performed by Guardant360 (Guardant Health, Redwood City, CA). MAF of the dominant clone was identified quantitatively for each patient. In addition, baseline tumor burden was estimated using RECIST version 1.1. MAF and tumor burden were correlated with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Logistic regression of response rate (RR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) was also performed.
Higher median ctDNA MAF was correlated with significantly shorter PFS and OS (hazard ratio (HR) 3.4, p=0.03 and HR 10.4, p=0.03, respectively) (Figure 1). There was no significant association between tumor burden estimation and PFS and OS. However, tumor burden was significantly correlated with MAF (r=0.58, p=0.007). MAF and tumor burden estimation did not correlate with RR or CBR in this small sample. Figure 1
ctDNA MAF appears to be a promising, non-invasive, prognostic biomarker for response to immune checkpoint blockade in NSCLC with higher MAF associated with shorter PFS and OS. ctDNA MAF may also serve as a surrogate for tumor burden. Prospective studies with serial ctDNA sampling are necessary to further validate these findings.
P1.07 - Immunology and Immunotherapy (ID 693)
P1.07-034 - Pretreatment Neutrophil & Platelet Count as a Predictor for Unfavorable Clinical Outcome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (ID 10250)
The importance of tumor immune microenvironment in disease outcomes has already been established. We can speculate that markers present in patients' complete blood count (CBC) such as absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and absolute monocyte count (AMC) could potentially help predict clinical benefit. In addition, given the recently discovered T cell inhibitory role of platelets, we hypothesized that increased platelet counts may lower the efficacy of T cell mediated immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we explored how well the information obtained from the simple non-invasive peripheral blood CBC can predict clinical outcome to immunotherapy in NSCLC.
ANC, ALC, AMC, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet values were collected for twenty NSCLC patients at two times points; pretreatment (t1) & approximately 2-3 weeks after first treatment (t2). Response to immune checkpoint inhibitors based on RECIST criteria (response rate (RR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR)), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined. Cox regression analyses were performed for baseline and delta (t2-t1) CBC values while controlling for various other clinical variables.
Baseline ANC and AMC were significantly associated with both worse PFS and OS, respectively (ANC; HR= 1.30, p=0.004 & HR= 1.31, p=0.020, AMC; HR= 13.75, p=0.030 & HR= 38.14, p=0.042). Platelets showed significance for only worse OS (HR= 4.45, p=0.036). Delta hematological profiles did not show any significant differences in clinical outcome. In multivariate analyses adjusting for clinical variables, ANC remained as an independent predictor of unfavorable PFS. None of the above variables examined were predictive of RR or CBR. Figure 1
Elevated pretreatment ANC appears to strongly predict shorter PFS and OS in patients with NSCLC treated with immunotherapy. Pretreatment platelets greater than 400K was linked with poor survival outcome. Further studies with a larger cohort and serial CBC collection during treatment are warranted to validate this study.
P1.07-043 - Barrier Molecule Overexpression is Associated with Increased CD8 T Cells and Decreased B/Treg Cells in Human Lung Cancer (ID 8617)
Immunotherapy is an encouraging therapeutic option for lung cancer therapy. For immune cells to interact with tumors, they must first traverse the cell junctions between neighboring cells. While it is expected that higher expression of barrier molecules is linked to lesser immune cell infiltration in general, little progress has been made in our understanding of how these barrier molecules mechanistically interact with immune cells in lung cancer.
Barrier molecule genes were divided into 3 types: tight junction, adherens junction, and desmosome. mRNA-seq values of each type were analyzed in 504 patient samples with lung squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and 522 patient samples with lung adenocarcinoma from the TCGA database. Immune cell infiltration of each set was evaluated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA), and p values were analyzed from Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests.
In lung adenocarcinoma, overexpression(z-score>2.0) of desmosome genes significantly correlated with increased infiltration of activated CD4/CD8 T cells, and Th17 cells, but decreased infiltration of activated B cells, mast cells, macrophages, and regulatory T cells(Figure1). There was no significant difference in the immune cell landscape of groups overexpressing desmosome genes in lung SCC. In addition, there was no significant difference in groups overexpressing tight or adherens junction genes in both types of cancer. Overall survival also showed no significant difference in all 3 barrier molecular gene overexpression groups in both types of lung cancer.Figure 1
Our study demonstrates that elevated barrier molecule(desmosome) gene expression is associated with increased infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 T cells and decreased infiltration of activated B/Treg cells in human lung adenocarcinoma. The inverse association between cytotoxic CD8 T cells and activated B/Treg cells aligns with previous reports of tumor-infiltrating B cells inhibiting T cells. Further investigation is required to understand the roles of barrier molecules and its immune modulatory effect in various types of cancers.
P3.02 - Biology/Pathology (ID 620)
P3.02-013 - Prognostic Role of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) and Immune Cell Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (ID 10358)
Peripheral blood biomarkers can provide valuable information in a relatively non-invasive manner. In solid tumors, it has been suggested that ctDNA mutant allele frequency (MAF) and immune cell counts from peripheral blood complete blood count (CBC) at baseline may be associated with survival outcome. Here, we investigated the role of ctDNA MAF and immune cells as prognostic biomarkers that may predict overall survival in patients with NSCLC.
A retrospective cohort of 128 patients with ctDNA sample testing performed by ctDNA NGS test (Guardant360) were selected. ctDNA MAF of the dominant clone was collected. CBC's drawn within a 1-2 week window (baseline) of ctDNA were reported for absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet count. Platelets and MAF were analyzed by quartiles (lower 75% vs highest 25%). Survival analyses and Cox regression analyses were performed on these variables.
A significant association was found for ANC (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, p<0.001), AMC (HR=1.98, p=0.037), MAF (HR=2.53, p=0.005), NLR>5(HR=2.98, p<0.001), and platelet counts (HR=2.49, p=0.006) with overall survival (OS), but not ALC. In multivariate analyses adjusting for clinical variables including age, sex, smoking status, histology, disease stage, number of prior lines of treatment, prior radiation, history of other cancers and ALK/EGFR mutation status, ANC remained as an independent predictor of OS(HR= 1.19, p<0.001). Figure 1
Higher ANC, AMC, NLR, platelet counts and MAF were associated with poor overall survival. Further studies are required to validate our findings in patients with NSCLC.


April 18, 2019 MCLA at Worcester St.
2B: Ben Palatino , Michael Chaves Jr.
RBI: Cooper Bigelow , Andrew Miller (2) , Ben Palatino , Michael Ferrara (2) , Kevin Larkin , Michael Chaves Jr.
L. Rumbolt doubled to right center.
J. Ferrara singled to left field, RBI; L. Rumbolt scored.
C. Bigelow reached first on an error by ss.
D. Maxon singled to third base.
S. Leslie stole second; K. Larkin stole third.
Chaves, Jr doubled down the lf line.
B. Palatino doubled to left field, RBI; A. Miller advanced to third; Chaves, Jr scored.
M. Ferrara reached on a fielder's choice, advanced to second, RBI; B. Palatino out at third 3b to 2b to ss; A. Miller scored.
J. Bink singled to center field; D. Rivera advanced to second.
J. Bink advanced to second on a wild pitch; D. Rivera advanced to third on a wild pitch.
D. Maxon flied out to cf, sacrifice fly, RBI; D. Buchanan advanced to second; J. Bink advanced to third, scored on an error by p, unearned; D. Rivera scored.
S. Leslie singled to left field.
K. Kolanda singled to left field; S. Leslie advanced to second.
C. Seariac singled to center field.
M. Ferrara singled to left field, RBI; B. Palatino scored.
K. Larkin tripled to center field, RBI; M. Ferrara scored.
S. Leslie singled to third base, advanced to second on an error by 3b; K. Larkin scored.
K. Kolanda singled to third base, bunt; S. Leslie advanced to third.
Chaves, Jr singled to pitcher, bunt, RBI; Sa. Allen advanced to second; K. Kolanda advanced to third; S. Leslie scored.
C. Bigelow grounded out to p, SAC, RBI; Chaves, Jr advanced to second; Sa. Allen advanced to third; K. Kolanda scored.
A. Miller singled to right field, 2 RBI; Chaves, Jr scored; Sa. Allen scored.
D. Buchanan doubled to left field.
D. Maxon singled to left field; D. Buchanan advanced to third.
P. Walsh to p for C. Elliott.
L. Rumbolt advanced to second on a wild pitch.
C. Seariac singled to left field; L. Rumbolt advanced to third.
J. Ferrara singled to shortstop, RBI; C. Seariac advanced to second; L. Rumbolt scored.
B. Durland reached first on an error by ss; D. Maxon advanced to second.
S. Devin pinch hit for A. Miller.
P. Galvin to rf for M. Ferrara.
P. Stinson to lf for J. Breton.
M. Pearson pinch hit for D. Rivera.