text:
Tennessee congressman among lawmakers calling for 25th Amendment
Tennessee senator among lawmakers calling for 25th Amendment
By Janice Broach | January 7, 2021 at 10:40 PM CST - Updated January 8 at 11:29 AM
MEMPHIS, Tenn. (WMC) - Wednesday's actions in Washington prompted a number of lawmakers to take steps to remove President Trump from office.
"It was clearly an act of domestic terrorism," said Rep. Bennie Thompson, D-Mississippi. "You saw a group of thugs break into the United States Capitol on the House and Senate side. They stole artifacts. They stole mail. Just everything you can imagine."
Thompson is describing the assault on the Capitol when a violent mob stormed the building and offices.
It prompted primarily Democrats along with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi to call on Vice President Mike Pence and the cabinet to invoke the 25th Amendment, demanding President Donald Trump resign.
Many say Trump incited the riot in a speech Wednesday morning.
"The relevant portion of the 25th Amendment says the vice president and the majority of the cabinet decide that the president is unfit to continue his duties physically or mentally," said Steve Mulroy, University of Memphis law professor and author. "And they can sign a letter to that effect. And make the vice president the acting president."
UofM law professor and author Steve Mulroy explains why 25th amendment is unlikely
Representative Steve Cohen, D-Tennessee, signed that letter along with 20 other lawmakers, but he said he doesn't expect much will come of it.
"It takes a majority of the cabinet to invoke it and most of the cabinet are second-string players that were hired by Trump, and most of them don't have a whole lot of back bone or they wouldn't have been hired," said Cohen.
WMC Action News 5 political analyst Michael Nelson says there may not be time with less than two weeks left in the Trump presidency.
Joe Birch and WMC political analyst Michael Nelson discuss unprecedented effort to overturn election
And Nelson says he doesn't really believe lawmakers ever really thought the 25th Amendment would be invoked.
"I've just got to think it's a venting of frustration other than a serious proposal to do anything that would bring Donald Trump's tenure to a close before Jan. 20," said Nelson.
Janice Broach
Janice Broach has traveled the world covering stories for WMC Action News 5, from the Rwandan refugee crisis to medical missions in China and Vietnam. You can watch her weekdays at 10 p.m.


text:
This New Plane Looks Just Like A Cute Beluga Whale
This Man Got Locked Inside A 24 Hour Fitness And His Selfies From The Empty Gym Are Hilarious
There's Now A 'Ms. Monopoly' Version Of The Classic Game—And Female Players Start With More Money Than Male Players
This is an interesting twist!
Kate Streit · October 1, 2019
Hasbro has introduced Ms. Monopoly, a new edition of the classic board game that celebrates women trailblazers. The female counterpart to fictional real estate mogul Mr. Monopoly, Ms. Monopoly lets players invest in female entrepreneurs.
Instead of buying properties as in traditional Monopoly, players purchase inventions made by women — everything from Wi-Fi and chocolate chip cookies to bulletproof vets, solar heating and shapewear.
Designed for ages 8 and up, Ms. Monopoly can be played with two to six players, who can use the tokens of a notebook and pen, a glass, a watch, a barbell, and a white hat. This last token is meant to symbolize the passing of Mr. Monopoly's empire to his niece, Ms. Monopoly.
The game is available at Walmart for $15.99 and features an image of Ms. Monopoly on the box. Its suggested retail price is $19.99.
The game also features a twist, which is designed to be the opposite of reality. This particular twist has gotten the game some critics, though.
"Ms. Monopoly is the first-ever game where women make more than men – a fun new take on the game that creates a world where women have an advantage often enjoyed by men," the press release says. "But don't worry, if men play their cards right, they can make more money too."
This version of the game gives female players more money at the outset and each time they pass "Go."
Getty Images | Bruno Vincent
In celebration of the new release, Hasbro surprised three teenage female inventors and entrepreneurs with a $20,580 total investment in their projects. That figure is the same amount of Monopoly money in the game.
"Through the introduction of Ms. Monopoly and the money these young women have received to invest in their future projects, we want to recognize and celebrate the many contributions women have made to our society and continue to make on a daily basis," Jen Boswinkel, senior director of global brand strategy and marketing at Hasbro, said in the press release.
The young entrepreneurs that Hasbro has invested in include Sophia Wang, a 16-year-old from Connecticut who invented a device for detecting sinkholes before they occur; Gitanjali Rao, a 13-year-old from Denver who invented a device for individuals to detect lead in drinking water; and Ava Canney, a 16-year-old from Ireland who invented a device that measures the amount of dye and candy in soda to help people make informed decisions about what they consume.
Will you be getting a copy of Ms. Monopoly for your family?
Tags:board game releasefemale empowermentfeminismhasbro gamesmonopolyms monopolynew monopolytwists on classic board gameswomen
This 9-year-old filled an empty ChapStick tube with cheese to eat during class—and people are very impressed
This teacher carried a student with spina bifida so she didn't have to miss a field trip

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Most of us slack on cleaning duties every once in a while. Just imagine all the dust that is sitting up in the attic. That dust has the potential to get into your ac system and affect your home's indoor air quality.
Much of this can be avoided by making sure your air ducts in the attic are properly sealed. This will keep the dust from getting sucked into the air stream. There's a simple way to check this without going up into the attic. If you notice a film of dust on the ledges or cutouts of your doors, your ducts are not properly sealed.
Air filters become key in the fight against dust. Not only should you use the air filter with the highest MERV rating you can find, but you also should change these filters out regularly. In the summer, that's usually once a month. In the winter, you can go up to three months without changing the filter. However, if you notice it's dirty, you should probably change the filter out more regularly than that.
Clean the coils and draining pan when you have your heating and air conditioning system serviced.


text:
package net.minecraft.src;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;

import cpw.mods.fml.relauncher.Side;
import cpw.mods.fml.relauncher.SideOnly;

import net.minecraft.block.Block;
import net.minecraft.block.material.Material;
import net.minecraft.client.renderer.texture.IconRegister;
import net.minecraft.item.Item;
import net.minecraft.util.AxisAlignedBB;
import net.minecraft.util.Direction;
import net.minecraft.util.Icon;
import net.minecraft.world.ChunkPosition;
import net.minecraft.world.IBlockAccess;
import net.minecraft.world.World;

public class YC_BlockRedstoneWirePowered extends Block
{
	/**
     * When false, power transmission methods do not look at other redstone wires. Used internally during
     * updateCurrentStrength.
     */
    private boolean wiresProvidePower = true;
    private Set blocksNeedingUpdate = new HashSet();
    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public static Icon field_94413_c;
    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public static Icon field_94410_cO;
    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public static Icon field_94411_cP;
    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public static Icon field_94412_cQ;

    public YC_BlockRedstoneWirePowered(int par1)
    {
        super(par1, Material.circuits);
        this.setBlockBounds(0.0F, 0.0F, 0.0F, 1.0F, 0.0625F, 1.0F);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a bounding box from the pool of bounding boxes (this means this box can change after the pool has been
     * cleared to be reused)
     */
    public AxisAlignedBB getCollisionBoundingBoxFromPool(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Is this block (a) opaque and (b) a full 1m cube?  This determines whether or not to render the shared face of two
     * adjacent blocks and also whether the player can attach torches, redstone wire, etc to this block.
     */
    public boolean isOpaqueCube()
    {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * If this block doesn't render as an ordinary block it will return False (examples: signs, buttons, stairs, etc)
     */
    public boolean renderAsNormalBlock()
    {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * The type of render function that is called for this block
     */
    public int getRenderType()
    {
        return 5;
    }

    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)

    /**
     * Returns a integer with hex for 0xrrggbb with this color multiplied against the blocks color. Note only called
     * when first determining what to render.
     */
    public int colorMultiplier(IBlockAccess par1IBlockAccess, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        return 8388608;
    }

    /**
     * Checks to see if its valid to put this block at the specified coordinates. Args: world, x, y, z
     */
    public boolean canPlaceBlockAt(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        return par1World.doesBlockHaveSolidTopSurface(par2, par3 - 1, par4) || par1World.getBlockId(par2, par3 - 1, par4) == Block.glowStone.blockID;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the strength of the wire current (0-15) for this block based on neighboring blocks and propagates to
     * neighboring redstone wires
     */
    private void updateAndPropagateCurrentStrength(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        this.calculateCurrentChanges(par1World, par2, par3, par4, par2, par3, par4);
        ArrayList arraylist = new ArrayList(this.blocksNeedingUpdate);
        this.blocksNeedingUpdate.clear();

        for (int l = 0; l < arraylist.size(); ++l)
        {
            ChunkPosition chunkposition = (ChunkPosition)arraylist.get(l);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(chunkposition.x, chunkposition.y, chunkposition.z, this.blockID);
        }
    }

    private void calculateCurrentChanges(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5, int par6, int par7)
    {
        int k1 = par1World.getBlockMetadata(par2, par3, par4);
        byte b0 = 0;
        int l1 = this.getMaxCurrentStrength(par1World, par5, par6, par7, b0);
        this.wiresProvidePower = false;
        int i2 = par1World.func_94572_D(par2, par3, par4);
        this.wiresProvidePower = true;

        if (i2 > 0 && i2 > l1 - 1)
        {
            l1 = i2;
        }

        int j2 = 0;

        for (int k2 = 0; k2 < 4; ++k2)
        {
            int l2 = par2;
            int i3 = par4;

            if (k2 == 0)
            {
                l2 = par2 - 1;
            }

            if (k2 == 1)
            {
                ++l2;
            }

            if (k2 == 2)
            {
                i3 = par4 - 1;
            }

            if (k2 == 3)
            {
                ++i3;
            }

            if (l2 != par5 || i3 != par7)
            {
                j2 = this.getMaxCurrentStrength(par1World, l2, par3, i3, j2);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(l2, par3, i3) && !par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3 + 1, par4))
            {
                if ((l2 != par5 || i3 != par7) && par3 >= par6)
                {
                    j2 = this.getMaxCurrentStrength(par1World, l2, par3 + 1, i3, j2);
                }
            }
            else if (!par1World.isBlockNormalCube(l2, par3, i3) && (l2 != par5 || i3 != par7) && par3 <= par6)
            {
                j2 = this.getMaxCurrentStrength(par1World, l2, par3 - 1, i3, j2);
            }
        }

        if (j2 > l1)
        {
            l1 = j2 - 1;
        }
        else if (l1 > 0)
        {
            --l1;
        }
        else
        {
            l1 = 0;
        }

        if (i2 > l1 - 1)
        {
            l1 = i2;
        }

        if (k1 != l1)
        {
            par1World.setBlockMetadataWithNotify(par2, par3, par4, l1, 2);
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2, par3, par4));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2 - 1, par3, par4));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2 + 1, par3, par4));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2, par3 - 1, par4));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2, par3 + 1, par4));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2, par3, par4 - 1));
            this.blocksNeedingUpdate.add(new ChunkPosition(par2, par3, par4 + 1));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Calls World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange() for all neighboring blocks, but only if the given block is a redstone
     * wire.
     */
    private void notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        if (par1World.getBlockId(par2, par3, par4) == this.blockID)
        {
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2 - 1, par3, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2 + 1, par3, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3, par4 - 1, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3, par4 + 1, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 - 1, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 + 1, par4, this.blockID);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Called whenever the block is added into the world. Args: world, x, y, z
     */
    public void onBlockAdded(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        super.onBlockAdded(par1World, par2, par3, par4);

        par1World.scheduleBlockUpdate(par2, par3, par4, blockID, tickRate(par1World));

        if (!par1World.isRemote)
        {
            this.updateAndPropagateCurrentStrength(par1World, par2, par3, par4);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 + 1, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 - 1, par4, this.blockID);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3, par4);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3, par4);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3, par4 - 1);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3, par4 + 1);

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2 - 1, par3, par4))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3 + 1, par4);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3 - 1, par4);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2 + 1, par3, par4))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3 + 1, par4);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3 - 1, par4);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 - 1))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 + 1, par4 - 1);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 - 1, par4 - 1);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 + 1))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 + 1, par4 + 1);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 - 1, par4 + 1);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * ejects contained items into the world, and notifies neighbours of an update, as appropriate
     */
    public void breakBlock(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5, int par6)
    {
        super.breakBlock(par1World, par2, par3, par4, par5, par6);

        if (!par1World.isRemote)
        {
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 + 1, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3 - 1, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2 + 1, par3, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2 - 1, par3, par4, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3, par4 + 1, this.blockID);
            par1World.notifyBlocksOfNeighborChange(par2, par3, par4 - 1, this.blockID);
            this.updateAndPropagateCurrentStrength(par1World, par2, par3, par4);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3, par4);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3, par4);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3, par4 - 1);
            this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3, par4 + 1);

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2 - 1, par3, par4))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3 + 1, par4);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 - 1, par3 - 1, par4);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2 + 1, par3, par4))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3 + 1, par4);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2 + 1, par3 - 1, par4);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 - 1))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 + 1, par4 - 1);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 - 1, par4 - 1);
            }

            if (par1World.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 + 1))
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 + 1, par4 + 1);
            }
            else
            {
                this.notifyWireNeighborsOfNeighborChange(par1World, par2, par3 - 1, par4 + 1);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Lets the block know when one of its neighbor changes. Doesn't know which neighbor changed (coordinates passed are
     * their own) Args: x, y, z, neighbor blockID
     */
    public void onNeighborBlockChange(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5)
    {
        if (!par1World.isRemote)
        {
            boolean flag = this.canPlaceBlockAt(par1World, par2, par3, par4);

            if (flag)
            {
                this.updateAndPropagateCurrentStrength(par1World, par2, par3, par4);
            }
            else
            {
                this.dropBlockAsItem(par1World, par2, par3, par4, 0, 0);
                par1World.func_94571_i(par2, par3, par4);
            }

            super.onNeighborBlockChange(par1World, par2, par3, par4, par5);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the ID of the items to drop on destruction.
     */
    public int idDropped(int par1, Random par2Random, int par3)
    {
        return Item.redstone.itemID;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the block is emitting indirect/weak redstone power on the specified side. If isBlockNormalCube
     * returns true, standard redstone propagation rules will apply instead and this will not be called. Args: World, X,
     * Y, Z, side. Note that the side is reversed - eg it is 1 (up) when checking the bottom of the block.
     */
    public int isProvidingWeakPower(IBlockAccess par1IBlockAccess, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5)
    {
        if (!this.wiresProvidePower)
        {
            return 0;
        }
        else
        {
            int i1 = par1IBlockAccess.getBlockMetadata(par2, par3, par4);

            if (i1 == 0)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            else if (par5 == 1)
            {
                return i1;
            }
            else
            {
                boolean flag = isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 - 1, par3, par4, 1) || !par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2 - 1, par3, par4) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 - 1, par3 - 1, par4, -1);
                boolean flag1 = isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 + 1, par3, par4, 3) || !par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2 + 1, par3, par4) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 + 1, par3 - 1, par4, -1);
                boolean flag2 = isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3, par4 - 1, 2) || !par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 - 1) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3 - 1, par4 - 1, -1);
                boolean flag3 = isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3, par4 + 1, 0) || !par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 + 1) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3 - 1, par4 + 1, -1);

                if (!par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3 + 1, par4))
                {
                    if (par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2 - 1, par3, par4) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 - 1, par3 + 1, par4, -1))
                    {
                        flag = true;
                    }

                    if (par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2 + 1, par3, par4) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2 + 1, par3 + 1, par4, -1))
                    {
                        flag1 = true;
                    }

                    if (par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 - 1) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3 + 1, par4 - 1, -1))
                    {
                        flag2 = true;
                    }

                    if (par1IBlockAccess.isBlockNormalCube(par2, par3, par4 + 1) && isPoweredOrRepeater(par1IBlockAccess, par2, par3 + 1, par4 + 1, -1))
                    {
                        flag3 = true;
                    }
                }

                return !flag2 && !flag1 && !flag && !flag3 && par5 >= 2 && par5 <= 5 ? i1 : (par5 == 2 && flag2 && !flag && !flag1 ? i1 : (par5 == 3 && flag3 && !flag && !flag1 ? i1 : (par5 == 4 && flag && !flag2 && !flag3 ? i1 : (par5 == 5 && flag1 && !flag2 && !flag3 ? i1 : 0))));
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Can this block provide power. Only wire currently seems to have this change based on its state.
     */
    public boolean canProvidePower()
    {
        return this.wiresProvidePower;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if redstone wire can connect to the specified block. Params: World, X, Y, Z, side (not a normal
     * notch-side, this can be 0, 1, 2, 3 or -1)
     */
    public static boolean isPowerProviderOrWire(IBlockAccess par0IBlockAccess, int par1, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        int i1 = par0IBlockAccess.getBlockId(par1, par2, par3);

        if (i1 == Block.redstoneWire.blockID)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else if (i1 == 0)
        {
            return false;
        }
        else if (!Block.redstoneRepeaterIdle.func_94487_f(i1))
        {
            return (Block.blocksList[i1] != null && Block.blocksList[i1].canConnectRedstone(par0IBlockAccess, par1, par2, par3, par4));
        }
        else
        {
            int j1 = par0IBlockAccess.getBlockMetadata(par1, par2, par3);
            return par4 == (j1 & 3) || par4 == Direction.footInvisibleFaceRemap[j1 & 3];
        }
    }

    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)

    /**
     * A randomly called display update to be able to add particles or other items for display
     */
    public void randomDisplayTick(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, Random par5Random)
    {
        int l = par1World.getBlockMetadata(par2, par3, par4);

        if (l > 0)
        {
            double d0 = (double)par2 + 0.5D + ((double)par5Random.nextFloat() - 0.5D) * 0.2D;
            double d1 = (double)((float)par3 + 0.0625F);
            double d2 = (double)par4 + 0.5D + ((double)par5Random.nextFloat() - 0.5D) * 0.2D;
            float f = (float)l / 15.0F;
            float f1 = f * 0.6F + 0.4F;

            if (l == 0)
            {
                f1 = 0.0F;
            }

            float f2 = f * f * 0.7F - 0.5F;
            float f3 = f * f * 0.6F - 0.7F;

            if (f2 < 0.0F)
            {
                f2 = 0.0F;
            }

            if (f3 < 0.0F)
            {
                f3 = 0.0F;
            }

            par1World.spawnParticle("reddust", d0, d1, d2, (double)f1, (double)f2, (double)f3);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the block coordinate passed can provide power, or is a redstone wire, or if its a repeater that
     * is powered.
     */
    public static boolean isPoweredOrRepeater(IBlockAccess par0IBlockAccess, int par1, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        if (isPowerProviderOrWire(par0IBlockAccess, par1, par2, par3, par4))
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            int i1 = par0IBlockAccess.getBlockId(par1, par2, par3);

            if (i1 == Block.redstoneRepeaterActive.blockID)
            {
                int j1 = par0IBlockAccess.getBlockMetadata(par1, par2, par3);
                return par4 == (j1 & 3);
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)

    /**
     * only called by clickMiddleMouseButton , and passed to inventory.setCurrentItem (along with isCreative)
     */
    public int idPicked(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4)
    {
        return Item.redstone.itemID;
    }

    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public void func_94332_a(IconRegister par1IconRegister)
    {
        this.field_94413_c = par1IconRegister.func_94245_a("redstoneDust_cross");
        this.field_94410_cO = par1IconRegister.func_94245_a("redstoneDust_line");
        this.field_94411_cP = par1IconRegister.func_94245_a("redstoneDust_cross_overlay");
        this.field_94412_cQ = par1IconRegister.func_94245_a("redstoneDust_line_overlay");
        this.field_94336_cN = this.field_94413_c;
    }

    @SideOnly(Side.CLIENT)
    public static Icon func_94409_b(String par0Str)
    {
        return par0Str == "redstoneDust_cross" ? field_94413_c : (par0Str == "redstoneDust_line" ? field_94410_cO : (par0Str == "redstoneDust_cross_overlay" ? field_94411_cP : (par0Str == "redstoneDust_line_overlay" ? field_94412_cQ : null)));
    }

    @Override
    public void updateTick(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4,
    		Random par5Random) {
        par1World.scheduleBlockUpdate(par2, par3, par4, this.blockID, this.tickRate(par1World));

    	int md = par1World.getBlockMetadata(par2, par3, par4);
    	if (md == 1)
    	{
    		par1World.setBlockAndMetadataWithNotify(par2, par3, par4, Block.redstoneWire.blockID, 0, 0);
    	}
    	else
    	{
    		if (md == 0)
    		{
    			md = 15;
    		}
    		else
    		{
    			md--;
    		}
    		par1World.setBlockMetadataWithNotify(par2,par3,par4,md,0);
    	}
    }

    @Override
    public int tickRate(World par1World) {
    	return 1;
    }

    private int getMaxCurrentStrength(World par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5)
    {
    	return 15;
    }

    @Override
    public int isProvidingStrongPower(IBlockAccess par1World, int par2, int par3, int par4, int par5)
    {
    	return 0;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


New images shot for the 2020 Kia Soul release.
New work for Kia Motors featuring the designers behind the brand new Telluride SUV, shot on location at their headquarters in Irvine, CA.
New work for Kia Motors with a large asset shoot from Southern and Central California featuring 4 vehicles.
I shot the 2018 Hyundai Sonata teaser and reveal images for Hyundai's digital properties as well as their Times Square New York City billboard.
Recently I directed, edited, animated, composited, and colored the reveal video for Hyundai's new Ioniq line of vehicles.


Use thumbnails for professional-looking auction photos that load quickly.
If you're hosting your auction photos [Hack #76] , you have the freedom to include as many full-size, high-quality images as you like at no additional charge. But you're also responsible for inserting those photos into your auctions and presenting them in a way that is efficient and appropriate.
Now, large photos are more dramatic and eye-catching than small ones, but they also take longer to load, and including a lot of them will overwhelm the rest of the auction page (especially on small screens).


Gary Susman at Popwatch wants your opinions on who should play Aquaman. His suggestion? Eric Christian Olsen, with Patrick Duffy as his father.
I have no opinion. All I want is a good actor delivering good lines from a good script. Get me that, and I'll be satisfied.


SUMMARY: The Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) today is adopting an amendment to Rule 10b-18 (Rule) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act). Rule 10b-18 provides a "safe harbor" from liability for manipulation under Sections 9(a)(2) and 10(b) of the Exchange Act, and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, when an issuer or affiliated purchaser of the issuer bids for or buys shares of its common stock in compliance with the Rule's conditions. In order to improve liquidity during severe market downturns, the amendment modifies the Rule's timing condition during the trading session immediately following a market-wide trading suspension. In particular, the safe harbor now is available to an issuer that bids for or purchases its common stock either: from the reopening of trading until the close of trading on the same day as the imposition of the market-wide trading suspension; or at the next day's opening, if the market-wide trading suspension was in effect at the scheduled close of trading. The safe harbor requires that the issuer continue to comply with the Rule 10b-18 conditions governing the manner, price and volume of market purchases of its common stock.
EFFECTIVE DATE: [insert date 30 days after date of publication in Federal Register].
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James A. Brigagliano, Assistant Director; and Joan Collopy, Attorney; Office of Risk Management and Control, Division of Market Regulation, Securities and Exchange Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549-1001, or at (202) 942-0772.
On October 29, 1998, in response to a petition for rulemaking (Petition)1 filed by the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (NYSE), the Commission proposed to amend the Rule 10b-18 timing condition during the trading session immediately following a market-wide trading suspension (Proposing Release).2 The amendment would extend the safe harbor to Rule 10b-18 bids or Rule 10b-18 purchases3 effected either: (i) from the reopening of trading until the close of trading immediately following, and on the same day as, a market-wide trading suspension; or (ii) at the next day's opening, if the market-wide trading suspension was in effect at the scheduled close of trading. Under the proposal, the safe harbor would also be available in the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension declared pursuant to a Commission emergency order.4 At such times, an issuer and its affiliated purchasers5 would still also have to comply with the manner, price and volume conditions in Rule 10b-18 to satisfy the requirements of the safe harbor.
We received letters from seven commenters in response to the Proposing Release, all of which supported the amendment.6 After considering the comments, we are adopting the amendment to Rule 10b-18 substantially as proposed.
The manner of purchase condition requires an issuer to use a single broker or dealer on any given day to bid for or purchase its common stock.10 This provision deters an issuer from creating the appearance of widespread broker-dealer interest and trading activity in its security.
The price condition specifies the highest price an issuer may bid or pay for its common stock.11 Because the price condition generally limits the issuer to bidding for or buying its security at a price that is no higher than the current independent published bid or last independent transaction price, it ensures that the issuer would not lead the market for its security through its repurchases.
The timing condition specifies that an issuer's purchase may not be the opening transaction reported to the consolidated transaction reporting system nor may purchases be made during the last half-hour before the scheduled close of trading.14 Because they tend to forecast the direction of trading and suggest the strength of demand, purchases effected at the opening or close of trading are generally considered to be significant indicators of the current market value of the security. Therefore the safe harbor does not cover opening bids and purchases and bids and purchases near or at the close of trading by the issuer.
In its Petition, the NYSE acknowledged that Rule 10b-18 is neither mandatory nor the exclusive means for an issuer to make repurchases without manipulating the market price of its securities. However, it noted that in practice many issuers are reluctant to undertake repurchases without the certainty that their bids or purchases fall within the Rule 10b-18 safe harbor. The NYSE highlighted the need for liquidity in the period following a significant market decline, and suggested that issuer repurchases offer a source of liquidity that could ease the stress of volatile markets.
We have noted before that issuers rarely buy back their securities with improper intent, at least in the absence of a significant corporate transaction by the issuer,19 but generally conduct repurchase programs for legitimate business reasons.20 We also recognize the benefit of offering clear guidance and certainty to issuers and broker-dealers concerning permissible market activity when repurchasing their stock. The Rule 10b-18 safe harbor allows issuers and their broker-dealer agents to bid for and purchase their common stock within the Rule's conditions and thereby avoid the risks of liability under the general anti-manipulation provisions of the Exchange Act. Expanding the safe harbor during the trading session following a market break may encourage issuers to participate in reestablishing equilibrium between buying and selling interests.
In the Proposing Release, the Commission sought comment on whether the proposed amendment provides an appropriate safe harbor condition for issuers and their affiliated purchasers during periods of severe market downturns. The Commission also sought comment on whether the proposal raised a risk of manipulation and whether legal or policy reasons would suggest the Commission should consider a different approach.
Four commenters recommended raising the volume limits following a trading suspension as a more effective means of enhancing liquidity and restoring market equilibrium.23 One commenter noted that the resetting of circuit breakers meant that they would be triggered only in severe market declines and argued that the liquidity provided by issuer repurchases should benefit the market in instances of less extreme volatility.24 This commenter, therefore, recommended that the volume limit be scaled in a manner that would allow increases in issuer repurchases to occur in tandem with market-wide price declines short of current circuit breaker levels, such as a 350 point decline in the DJIA.
After considering the comments, the Commission is adopting today the amendment to Rule 10b-18 substantially as proposed. In particular, the safe harbor now is available to an issuer that bids for or purchases its common stock either: from the reopening of trading until the close of trading on the same day as the imposition of the market-wide trading suspension; or at the next day's opening, if the market-wide trading suspension was in effect at the scheduled close of trading.26 As adopted, the safe harbor would also be available in the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension declared pursuant to a Commission emergency order.27 The safe harbor requires that the issuer continue to comply with the Rule 10b-18 conditions governing the manner, price and volume of market purchases of its common stock.
To assist the Commission in evaluating the costs and benefits that may result from the proposal to amend Rule 10b-18, the Commission sought comment on the costs for any necessary modifications to information gathering, management, and record-keeping systems or procedures, as well as any potential benefits resulting from the proposals to issuers, investors, broker-dealers and others. The Commission also requested that commenters provide, if possible, analysis and data to support their views. The Commission initially identified certain costs and benefits relating to the proposals and encouraged commenters to discuss any additional costs or benefits. The Commission received letters from seven commenters concerning the proposed amendment, however, none of the commenters responded specifically to the request for comment on the cost/benefit analysis. After considering the comments and the costs and benefits, the Commission continues to believe that the amendment to Rule 10b-18 should be adopted. Since the Commission is adopting the amendment as proposed, it is not making any changes that would increase the cost estimates for compliance with the Rule.
The Commission's amendment to Rule 10b-18 generally would help improve the liquidity of markets for equity securities following a market-wide trading suspension. Securities sellers would benefit from improved liquidity while issuers could buy shares at relatively low prices. We continue to believe that the specific benefits set forth below would flow from the adopted amendment.
The Commission believes that the amendment will facilitate trading in the issuer's securities by reducing issuer reluctance to purchase in response to sell-order imbalances that may occur during periods of severe market declines. By extending the safe harbor, the adopted amendment may encourage issuers to purchase their securities at a time when other market participants may be unable or unwilling to do so. We therefore believe that extending the safe harbor to issuers during the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension will improve the liquidity of markets in the issuer's securities. The safe harbor, as amended, also provides clarity as to the scope of permissible market activity for issuers and the broker-dealers that assist issuers in their stock repurchases.
The Commission does not have data to quantify the value of the benefits described above. The Commission did not receive comments on how it may quantify these benefits and did not receive comments concerning any other benefits, not already identified, that may result from the adoption of the amendment.
By extending the safe harbor in the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension, the adopted amendment may encourage issuers to purchase their securities at a time when other market participants may be unable or unwilling to do so. Issuers would have to comply with all the Rule 10b-18 conditions, including the price provision which limits issuer bids and purchases to the higher of the current independent bid or last independent transaction price. Nonetheless, issuer bids for its security would compete against the bids of other buyers in the market following a market-wide trading suspension. Also, issuer bids may retard a further decline in the price of the issuer's stock.
The adopted amendment to Rule 10b-18 would not increase or decrease the current reporting burdens by imposing any new reporting, recordkeeping, or other compliance requirements. In the Proposing Release, the Commission noted that the Rule does implicitly require an issuer, seeking to avail itself of the safe harbor, to collect information regarding the manner, timing, price, and volume of its purchases of the issuer's common stock, on a transaction by transaction basis, in order to verify compliance with the Rule's safe harbor conditions. Under the adopted amendment to Rule 10b-18, issuers would continue to collect and keep such records should they make Rule 10b-18 purchases during the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension. The Commission also notes that any costs related to complying with Rule 10b-18, and the adopted amendment, are assumed voluntarily because the Rule provides an optional rather than mandatory safe harbor that issuers may use for purchasing their securities.
In adopting rules under the Exchange Act, Section 23(a)(2) requires the Commission to consider the impact any rule would have on competition. Further, the law requires that the Commission not adopt any rule that would impose a burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Exchange Act. Section 3(f) of the Exchange Act requires the Commission, when engaged in rulemaking, and when considering the public interest, to consider whether the action would promote efficiency, competition, and capital formation.28 In the Proposing Release, the Commission solicited comment on the proposal's effect on competition, efficiency and capital formation. The Commission received no comments specifically regarding these issues. All commenters, however, did support the proposal's revision of the timing condition as facilitating short-term liquidity and providing issuers flexibility during periods of severe market downturns.
The Commission has considered the amendment in light of the standards cited in Section 23(a)(2) of the Act and believes they would not likely impose any significant burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the Exchange Act. As discussed above in the Cost-Benefit Section, the Commission recognizes that issuers bear a cost in order to demonstrate compliance with the Rule, but issuers assume this burden voluntarily. Nonetheless, the Commission continues to believe that the safe harbor, as amended, should improve market efficiency by providing additional purchasers, namely issuers, during a time of sell-order imbalance. This effect likely would enhance market liquidity following a market-wide trading suspension.
The proposed amendment to Rule 10b-18 would not have any anticompetitive effect because it would apply equally to all issuers and the safe harbor would only be triggered in extremely rare circumstances. Further, an issuer currently is able to purchase its shares outside the Rule 10b-18 safe harbor conditions without raising a presumption of manipulation.
On January 9, 1998, the NYSE filed a petition for rulemaking with the Commission pursuant to Rule 192 of the Commission's Rules of Practice.30 The NYSE requested that the Commission initiate rulemaking proceedings to amend Rule 10b-18 to include in its safe harbor bids and purchases made following a market-wide trading suspension: (1) at the reopening on the day of the market-wide trading suspension; (2) during the half-hour prior to the scheduled close of trading on the day of the trading suspension; and (3) at the next day's opening if the market-wide trading suspension is in effect at the scheduled close of trading. The proposal adjusted the Rule's time of purchase condition but provided that the issuer must continue to comply with the other Rule 10b-18 conditions governing the manner, price and volume of market purchases of its common stock.
The amendment to Rule 10b-18, as adopted, will allow issuers who otherwise comply with the current Rule 10b-18 safe harbor conditions governing manner, price and volume to use the amended timing condition during the trading session following an emergency market-wide trading suspension. The events following the market breaks in October 1987 and October 1997 have underscored the significant role of issuer repurchases during market downturns and the need for clarity as to the applicability of Rule 10b-18 in periods of extreme market downturns. On those occasions, issuer repurchases provided an important source of liquidity that helped ease market stress. The Rule 10b-18 amendment, by modifying the safe harbor's timing condition during the trading session following a market break, likely will improve liquidity and facilitate market participants' ability to reestablish equilibrium between buying and selling interests.
Four commenters recommended raising the volume limits following a trading suspension as a more effective means of enhancing liquidity and restoring market equilibrium.34 One commenter noted that the resetting of circuit breakers meant that they would be triggered only in severe market declines and suggested that the liquidity provided by issuer repurchases should benefit the market in instances of less extreme volatility.35 This commenter, therefore, recommended that the volume limit be scaled in a manner that would allow increases in issuer repurchases to occur in tandem with market-wide price declines short of current circuit breaker levels, such as a 350 point decline in the DJIA.
The adopted amendment may affect those small entity issuers and affiliated purchasers that wish to avail themselves of the safe harbor provisions in the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension. Based on Exchange Act Rule 0-10(a), a small issuer is one that has total assets of $5,000,000 or less on the last day of its most recent fiscal year. Based on information about issuer repurchase programs conducted in 1997, the Commission estimates that approximately 1,455 issuers could avail themselves of the safe harbor each year, of which about 10 may be considered small entities.
In the IRFA, the Commission's staff estimated that 10 issuers that are small entities may avail themselves of the safe harbor per year.36 The Commission sought comment on the number of issuers engaged in market repurchases of their stock and the number of such issuers that are small entities. No commenters responded to these estimates.
The adopted amendment to Rule 10b-18 would not impose any new reporting, recordkeeping, or other compliance requirements.
(d) An exemption from coverage of the Rule, or any part thereof, for small entities.
With respect to the adopted amendment, the Commission believes that the establishment of different requirements for small entities is neither necessary nor practicable, because the amendment provides a voluntary safe harbor from liability for manipulation under the Exchange Act. The amendment to Rule 10b-18, as adopted, should not adversely affect small entities because it does not impose any new reporting, recordkeeping or compliance requirements. Therefore, it is not feasible to further clarify, consolidate or simplify the rule for small entities.
Certain provisions of the amendment to Rule 10b-18 contain "collection of information" requirements within the meaning of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA);39 the Commission has submitted them to the Office of Management and Budget for review in accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3507(d) and 5 CFR 1320.11. The title for the collection of information is: "Purchases of certain equity securities by the issuer and others." This collection of information has previously been assigned OMB Control No. 3235-0474. An agency may not sponsor, conduct, or require a response to an information collection unless a currently valid OMB control number is displayed. In the Proposing Release, the Commission solicited comment on its evaluation of the proposal's estimated burden. The Commission received no comments specifically addressing these issues.
Rule 10b-18 provides that an issuer or any affiliated purchaser of an issuer will not incur liability under Sections 9(a)(2) and 10(b) of the Exchange Act, or Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act if its purchases of the issuer's common stock are made in compliance with the manner, timing, price, and volume limitations of the rule. The amendment to the Rule's timing condition expands the safe harbor's availability during the trading session following a market-wide trading suspension.
The rule amendment is being adopted pursuant to Sections 2, 3, 9(a)(6), 10(b), 13(e), 15(c) and 23(a), 15 U.S.C. 78b, 78c, 78i(a)(6), 78j(b), 78m(e), 78o(c) and 78w(a).
(ii) A market-wide trading suspension ordered by the Commission pursuant to Section 12(k) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 78l(k).
(2) At the opening of trading on the next trading day, if a market-wide trading suspension is in effect at the scheduled close of a trading session.
(d) No presumption shall arise that an issuer or affiliated purchaser of an issuer has violated the anti-manipulation provisions of sections 9(a)(2) or 10(b) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 78i(a)(2) or 78j(b), or § 240.10b-5, if the Rule 10b-18 bids or Rule 10b-18 purchases of such issuer or affiliated purchaser do not meet the conditions specified in paragraphs (b) or (c) of this section.
-- The Petition was filed on January 9, 1998 and is publicly available in File No. 4-409 in the Commission's Public Reference Room. The NYSE Petition stated that it had surveyed floor brokers, upstairs traders and listed-company representatives. Those groups agreed that expanding the Rule 10b-18 safe harbor to issuer repurchases effected during the trading session following a severe market decline could offer an important source of liquidity and provide balance to selling activity.
-- The amendment, as proposed and adopted, defines market-wide trading suspension as either: (i) a market-wide trading halt imposed pursuant to the rules of a national securities exchange or a registered national securities association in response to a market-wide decline during a single trading session; or (ii) a market-wide trading suspension ordered by the Commission pursuant to Section 12(k) of the Exchange Act. Rule 10b-18(a)(15). For example, the alternative safe harbor would apply in the trading session following a trading halt pursuant to NYSE Exchange Rule 80B or Market Closing Policy of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD). The Commission approved the NASD's market closing policy statement, codified in IM-4120-3. Securities Exchange Act Release No. 39846 (April 9, 1998), 63 FR 18477 (April 15, 1998) (Circuit Breaker Approval Order). See generally, Securities Exchange Act Release No. 40617 (October 29, 1998), 63 FR 59911 (November 6, 1998) (Proposing Release).
-- Rule 10b-18 bid is defined as a bid for securities that, if accepted, or a limit order to purchase securities, that if executed, would result in a Rule 10b-18 purchase. 17 CFR 240.10b-18(a)(4). A Rule 10b-18 purchase is defined as a purchase of common stock of an issuer by or for the issuer, with certain exceptions. 17 CFR 240.10b-18(a)(3).
-- Section 12(k) of the Exchange Act gives the Commission authority to respond to market disruptions and extreme market volatility that could result from a variety of contingencies. Section 12(k)(1)(B) authorizes the Commission to suspend summarily all trading in the markets for up to ninety calendar days when such suspension is required by the public interest and for the protection of investors. The Commission has never invoked this provision.
-- The safe harbor is also available for affiliates of the issuer (affiliated purchasers). In this release, the term "issuer" includes affiliated purchasers.
-- The comment letters and a summary of comments prepared by the Division of Market Regulation have been placed in Public File No. S7-27-98, which is available for public inspection in the Commission's Public Reference Room. Comment letters were received from the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (NYSE); American International Group, Inc. (AIG); Morgan Stanley & Co. (Morgan Stanley); Intel Corporation (Intel); the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD); BellSouth Corporation (BellSouth).
-- The Commission first proposed Rule 10b-10 to govern issuer repurchases in connection with proposed legislation that became the Williams Act Amendments of 1968. Pub. L. No. 90-439, 82 Stat. 454 (July 29, 1968), reprinted in Hearings on S. 510 before Senate Committee on Banking and Currency, 90th Cong., 1st Sess. 214-216 (1967). The Commission then published for public comment proposed Rule 13e-2 in 1970, 1973 and 1980. Rule 13e-2 would have been a proscriptive rule with disclosure requirements, purchasing limitations and general anti-fraud liability. Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 8930 (July 13, 1970), 35 FR 11410 ( July 16, 1970); 10539 (Dec. 6, 1973), 38 FR 34341 (Dec. 13, 1973); and 17222 (Oct. 17, 1980), 45 FR 70890 (Oct. 27, 1980).
-- Adopting Release, supra note 1, at 53334. Some conduct that meets the safe harbor requirement of Rule 10b-18 may still violate the anti-fraud provisions of the Exchange Act. For example, as the Commission noted in 1982 when adopting Rule 10b-18, "Rule 10b-18 confers no immunity from possible Rule 10b-5 liability where the issuer engages in repurchases while in possession of favorable, material nonpublic information concerning its securities." Id., note 5.
-- 17 CFR 240.10b-18(b)(1). This manner condition applies only to Rule 10b-18 bids or Rule 10b-18 purchases solicited by or on behalf of the issuer.
-- 17 CFR 240.10b-18(b)(3). The price limitation varies on whether the security is a reported, exchange-traded, Nasdaq or other security, and whether the bid or purchase is effected on an exchange. Id.
-- For nonreported securities, volume may not exceed one round lot on a single day or on such day plus the five preceding days, 1/20th of the percent of outside shares. 17 CFR 240.10b-18(b)(4). Trading volume is defined generally as the average daily trading volume reported to the consolidated transaction reporting system or to the NASD for the security in the four calendar weeks preceding the week that the Rule 10b-18 purchase or bid is to be effected. 17 CFR 240.10b-18(a)(11).
-- Block is defined as a quantity of stock that either: (i) has a purchase price of $200,000 or more; or (ii) is at least 5,000 shares and has a purchase price of at least $50,000; or (iii) is at least 20 round lots of the security and totals 150 percent or more of the trading volume for that security or, in the event that trading volume data are unavailable, is at least 20 round lots of the security and totals at least one-tenth of one percent (0.001) of the outstanding shares of the security, exclusive of any shares owned by any affiliate. Block does not include any amount a broker or dealer, acting as principal, has accumulated for the purpose of selling to the issuer or affiliated purchaser, if the issuer or affiliated purchaser knows or has reason to know that such amount was accumulated for such purpose, nor does it include any amount that a broker or dealer has sold short to the issuer, if the issuer or affiliated purchaser knows or has reason to know that the sale was a short sale. 17 CFR 240.10b-18(a)(14).
-- See Circuit Breaker Approval Order, supra note 2. (Order approving circuit breakers for rules governing market-wide trading halts on the NYSE, American Stock Exchange, Boston Stock Exchange, Chicago Stock Exchange, NASD, and Philadelphia Stock Exchange).
-- Id. NYSE Rule 80B (Rule 80B) governs the imposition of trading halts on the NYSE due to extraordinary market volatility. Rule 80B provides both the trigger values (circuit breakers) for trading halts on the NYSE, which are expressed as a decline in the DJIA from the closing value on the previous trading day, and the duration of the trading halt for each circuit breaker. The circuit breakers contained in Rule 80B have been coordinated with: (i) all other U.S. stock exchanges and the NASD with respect to trading of stocks, stock options, and stock index options; and (ii) all U.S. futures exchanges with respect to the trading of stock index futures and options on such futures, so that all such markets would cease trading when a circuit breaker is triggered by a decline in the DJIA.
-- See Petition, supra note 1.
-- For example, Rule 10b-18's safe harbor is not available during the Regulation M restricted period and during mergers, acquisitions and tender offers. 17 CFR 240.10b -18(a)(3).
-- See Proposing Release, supra note 2. See also, Clifford P. Stephens and Michael S. Weisbach, "Actual Share Reacquisitions in Open-Market Repurchase Programs," Journal of Finance, February 1998 (observing that firms increase their repurchasing depending on the degree of perceived undervaluation of its stock and on expected cash flow).
-- Letters from Morgan Stanley and BellSouth.
-- See Memo from Larry Bergmann To Public Files (S7-27-98), dated November 10, 1998, regarding, among other matters, the Rule 10b-18 timing condition.
-- Letters from AIG, Morgan Stanley, Intel, and the NASD.
-- Letter from the NASD.
-- See discussion of Rule 10b-18 volume limitation, supra Part II. The Commission will reconsider the commenters' recommendations about the volume condition, as well as the manner, timing and price conditions in a forthcoming broad review of Rule 10b-18.
-- See discussion of proposal and accompanying footnotes, supra Part I.
-- See discussion, supra note 4.
-- 15 U.S.C. � 78c(f).
-- 5 U.S.C. � 604.
-- See Petition, supra note 1 .
-- Letters from Intel and the NASD.
-- Proposing Release, supra note 2, Part VII. This estimate was based on information about issuer repurchase programs conducted in 1997.
-- 5 U.S.C. � 604(a).
-- 5 U.S.C. � 603(a).
-- 44 U.S.C. � 3501 et seq.


My goal as a dressmaker is to help my clients realize their custom clothing needs – be it everyday garments or a very special event garment or outfit. I have developed my work methods to ensure that we create exactly the garment you want.
I generally speak on the phone to an interested customer and discuss the project, materials, deadlines etc. I then give an overview of what you can expect during the process. We typically make an appointment to meet at my home or a local fabric store if you need a little guidance and or moral support while selecting fabric and pattern etc. People often just have an idea in mind or a picture from a magazine which is just fine as a starting point.
During the appointment we talk over the project in general including fitting timeline, any changes we might make to the design, fabric and notions needed for the project. It is at this time that I can give an estimate of work hours that I'll need to complete the job.
If we want to proceed, I take a full measurement chart and the client is asked to leave a deposit of $50-$100 and all of the materials that they may have gathered. I supply any other notions needed, such as thread, interfacing, shoulder pads etc. and those charges are added to the final bill. For larger projects, I ask clients to add to their deposit as the fittings proceed thereby making the final balance smaller.
There are usually 1-3 fittings and a final fit check before the garment leaves my workroom. During fittings, I give the client reports of how many hours are invested in the project to date so there are no big surprises at the end. The final balance is due when the project is complete and picked up. The final fit check ensures that the complete garment meets all your expectations.
Turnaround time is usually 4-6 weeks depending on the time of year and my workload. We will have discussed any critical deadlines in our first meeting. I am happy to take cash or check.
I am glad to answer any other questions you may have.
I sell my garments at local wearable art boutiques and art shows in the area. I am also happy to work with a client on a very unique and personal garment using these techniques and designs. These special garments allow me to further express myself with color, shape, style and technique. Each garment or accessory is one-of-a-kind built for a client I know or a customer I have yet to meet.
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I find this part of my business to be the icing on the cake of a wonderful life of creativity and usefulness.


I don't know about you, but dinner around our house is rarely the image of a Norman Rockwell painting. We're often running in from work and activities, trying to put healthy food on the table, but even with good intentions, we know that our food choices could use some help.
Sometimes, in our busyness, we forget about the importance of good nutrition. Caregivers are some of the busiest people I know. It's not unusual for them to be running from place to place, juggling many important tasks, and finding little if any time for themselves. Before they know it, they've accidentally skipped lunch, grabbed something at a snack machine, or eaten unhealthy meals because they're stressed.
The fuel that we put into our bodies is important, and we can (and need to) build healthy eating patterns into our busy lives. Taking care of ourselves isn't selfish! On the contrary, being healthy is vital to better caregiving.
Many times, we get into patterns without even realizing it. Consider paying close attention to what you're eating as well as your eating habits for a week. Are you eating more sugary foods than you realized? Are your vegetables limited to the piece of iceberg lettuce on your sandwich? Are you reaching for the tub of ice cream before going to bed every night? Do you crave anything in particular when you get stressed? Recognizing what you're eating and the habits you've fallen into are important first steps toward making healthy changes.
Making sure our bodies get the important nutrients we need can be challenging when we are very busy, but we can help set ourselves up for success by having healthy options ready. Avoid having unhealthy foods in your house. Keep healthy options in your car and purse. Know which convenience stores, grocery stores, and drive thru restaurants have good options that you can get when you're on the go. Many times we grab something out of convenience, so make it easier to grab something healthy.
Sometimes I get overwhelmed by a huge goal like "eat healthier," and I don't even know where to begin. Remember that little changes can be important, so pick one change that you can make and start there. One week, choose sparkling water instead of Coke at lunch. The next week, eat an apple and cheese stick instead of Doritos for your afternoon snack. The next time you're at the grocery store, look at the labels on the yogurt you buy, and start getting a kind with less sugar and more protein.
When we're considering healthy eating, we need to remember that our bodies, minds, and spirits are connected, and it's important to take care of our whole selves. Many times we show signs of stress through our bodies—overeating, not eating enough, having headaches, experiencing fatigue. Consider positive ways that you can manage stress. Would you benefit from seeing a counselor? Can you meet with a friend on a regular basis? Are there support groups in your area that could give you helpful tips and remind you that you're not alone? Can someone sit with your care receiver while you go to church? When our stress is managed, we often feel more empowered to take care of ourselves and to maintain good habits.
What step will you take toward eating healthier this week?


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Přírodní park Drahaň–Troja je přírodní park na území městských obvodů Praha 7 a Praha 8. Je to oblast Trojské kotliny na pravém břehu Vltavy. Má rozlohu 578,8 ha. Oblastí klidu byl vyhlášen Národním výborem města Prahy 1. listopadu 1990. Poté v roce 1992 byl díky novému zákonu (č. 114/1992 Sb.) přesunut do kategorie přírodní park. Důvodem tohoto vyhlášení byla ochrana celkového krajinného rázu (společenstva skalní stepi).

Lokalita
Oblast přírodního parku se rozprostírá podél Vltavy od Jabloňky až po Drahaňskou rokli pod Dolními Chabry. Na jeho území se nachází botanická zahrada, zoologická zahrada a přes 12 zvláště chráněných území – přírodních památek a rezervací – např. Podhoří, Zámky, Bohnické údolí. Přírodní park Drahaň-Troja zahrnuje strmé skalnaté srázy i údolí (Čimické, Bohnické, Drahanské). Nejnižším bodem území je břeh Vltavy v Podhoří (176 m n. m.) a naopak nejvyšším bodem je buližníkový kamýk Velká skála (314 m n. m.).

Historie
Jde o území odpradávna (mladší doba kamenná) osídlené. Ještě dnes zde můžeme vidět dvě pravěká hradiště – Zámky a Na Farkách. Pro obyvatele hradiště Na Farkách bylo významné sadařství a vinohradnictví. V této oblasti stojí budova - Sklenářka, která plnila funkci vinného lisu a byla lidově označována jako Katovna. V dnešní době můžeme na tomto území nalézt hlavně vily a další rodinné zástavby.

Do 19. století se zde nacházely především vinohrady, ovocné sady a na nejméně úrodných oblastech pastviny. Poté bylo toto území z velké části odlesněno. Sady a vinohrady byly opuštěny a v současné době jsou zarostlé nízkým lesem anebo uměle zalesněné akátem. Jejich zbytkem jsou zde pouze vinice Sv. Klára a Salabka v Troji. Dodnes se dochovaly skalní stepi (např. v Podhoří či na Jabloňce). Na Jabloňce se v minulosti těžil křemenec.

Oblastí klidu byl vyhlášen Národním výborem města Prahy 1. listopadu 1990. Poté v roce 1992 byl díky novému zákonu (č. 114/1992 Sb.) přesunut do kategorie Přírodní park.

Přírodní poměry
Drahaň-Troja je nejsevernějším přírodním parkem, ale pro přírodu jsou zde typické teplomilní organismy skalních stepí, např. bezobratlí živočichové, keře a trávy. Parkem protékají tři potoky – Bohnický, Čimický a Drahaňský. Bohnický potok teče přes Bohnické údolí. Čimický potok vytéká z rybníku pod sídlištěm Čimice v potrubí – takto protéká přes celé Čimické údolí. Dolní část údolí je nepřístupná kvůli zdejšímu umístění bývalé dynamitky. Třetí, Drahaňský potok, ohraničuje Prahu ze severu a vytéká z Dolních Chaber. V údolí této řeky je chatová osada založená ve 30. letech 20. století. V horní nezalesněné části stojí mlýn ze 17. století (až do č. 1915 byl poháněn vodou mlýnského potoka).

Geologie
Horniny, které tvoří tuto část, jsou nejstarší v okolí Prahy (kralupsko-zbraslavská skupina svrchního proterozoika).Můžeme zde najít např. břidlice, droby a žlutohnědě zbarvené žíly ryolitů, které zde vznikly sopečnou činností na konci starohor.

Flóra
Flóru zde tvoří především skalní stepi, xerotermní křoviny (trnka, jeřáb břek, brslen evropský, dřišťál obecný) a zakrslé duby. Roste zde také dřín jarní (Cornus mas) a dále mahalebka obecná (Padellus mahaleb). Další lesní porosty jsou zde vysazeny uměle teprve nedávno (20. léta 20. st.), mezi ně patří např. trnovník akát (Robinia pseudoacacia), smrk ztepilý (Picea abies) či dub červený (Quercus rubra) původem ze Severní Ameriky. Důvod tohoto kroku bylo protierozní opatření. Akáty se zde uchytily nejlépe. Dále zde roste kostřava sivá (Festuca pallens), tařice skalní (Aurinia saxatilis), ostřice nízká (Carex humilis Leysser), mochna písečná (Potentilla arenaria), vlnice chlupatá (Oxytropis pilosa), zlatovlásek obecný (Aster linosyris), třemdava bílá (Dictamnus albus) a kakost krvavý (Geranium sanguineum), pěchava vápnomilná (Sesleria caerulea). Na buližníkovém podkladu Salabky, Havránky a v Čimickém údolí roste vřes obecný (Calluna vulgaris). Celá Trojská kotlina byla před příchodem člověka porostlá smíšenou doubravou (habr, buk, jeřáb, javor, trnka atd.). Kvůli suššímu podnebí se na konci doby bronzové krajina přeměnila v lesostep, kterou však člověk svou hospodářskou činností přetvořil na step.

Na původní nenarušené skalní stěně přírodní památky Jabloňka rostou teplomilné traviny (trýzel škardolistý, kostřava waliska) a tařicová skalní společenstva. Můžeme zde najít i rozsáhlou populaci hvězdnice zlatovlásek (Aster linosyris) a také vzácný druh – oman německý (Inula germanica).Strmé skalní svahy Zámky jsou osídleny tařicovými skalními porosty, společenstvem křivatce českého (Gagea bohemica) a rozrazilu ladního (Veronica campestris). Na tomto místě, jako jediném v Praze roste smil písečný (Helichrysum arenarium). Dále zde roste koniklec luční český (Pulsatilla pratensis), bojínek tuhý (Phleum phleoides), radyk prutnatý (Chondrilla juncea).

Fauna
Bohnické údolí obývají teplomilná společenstva bezobratlých, např. mandelinka (Labidostomis humeralis) či nosatec (Trachyphloleus). Zcela výjimečně zde můžeme najít mloka skvrnitého (Salamandra salamandra) a čolka obecného (Triturus vulgaris) či ještěrku zelenou (Lacerta viridis). Velice často se zde vyskytuje ještěrka obecná (Lacerta agilis) a slepýš křehký (Anguis fragilis). Ze zástupců ptáků je zde velice běžný strakapoud velký (Dendrocopos major), žluna zelená (Picus viridis), pěnice slavíková (Sylvia borin), pěnice černohlavá (Sylvia atricapilla) či pěnice pokřovní (Sylvia curruca). V okolí skalních stepí se vzácně vyskytuje motýl rozchodníkový (Scolitantides orion), dále makadlovka (Nothris lemniscella) či druhy pouzdrovníčků. V Podhoří žije velice vzácná teplomilná vidličnatka škvorovka (Catajapyx aquilonaris). V ČR se vyskytuje pouze v Praze a jejím okolí. V této přírodní rezervaci najdeme i zástupce pavouků – stepníka rudého (Eresus kollari). Dalším velmi vzácným druhem obývajícím tuto oblast je i cvrčivec révový (Oecanthus pellucens). Na Jabloňce můžeme vidět velké populace saranče lesní (Chorthippus vagans), což je velice vzácný druh úzce vázaný na skalní vegetaci.Zajímavá společenstva hub (čirůvka fialová) rostou v Čimickém údolí. Pro toto údolí je charakteristický teplomilný hmyz – krytohlav žlutavý (Cryptocephalus fulvus), nosatec (Otiorhynchus fullo), střevlíček (Bradycellus ruficollis), mandelinky (Lochmaea suturalis a Altica oleracea breddini). Hnízdí zde šoupálek krátkoprstý (Certhia brachydactyla), žluva hajní (Picus viridis), linduška lesní (Anthus trivialis), stehlík obecný (Carduelis carduelis), budníčci a pěnice. V přírodní památce Trojská žije vosička druhu Cleptes aerosus - patří k velice vzácným teplomilným druhům hmyzu. Její výskyt v této lokalitě je velice významný, je to totiž jako jediný v ČR a zároveň také nejseverněji v Evropě. Na území přírodní památky Havránka žije na prameništi vzácný dřepčík (Altica palustris). Výjimečně můžeme vidět na stepích Trojské kotliny užovku hladkou (Coronella austriaca).

Ochrana
Celé území tohoto parku je cenné biologicky, ekologicky, geomorfologicky i historicky. Východní část přírodního parku je součástí vesnické památkové zóny Staré Bohnice. Park je zapojen do mezinárodního projektu Periurban Parks, jež se zaměřuje na ochranu, rozvoj a péči příměstských parků a jejich řízení dle evropské politiky životního prostředí. Příměstské parky bývají ohroženy urbanizací, znečištěním, černými skládkami a invazí nepůvodních druhů. Pod ochranu Natury 2000 spadá Havránka a Salabka a dále také kaňon Vltavy u Sedlce (opadavé křoviny, skalní trávníky). Salabka je významná díky výskytu suchého vřesoviště a také svou úlohou – stanoviště teplomilného blanokřídlého hmyzu.Vřesoviště byla v minulosti přizpůsobená pastvě a vypalování, což zapříčiňovalo zmlazování keříčků. Pokud tak nebude činěno, může dojít v horizontu 20-25 let od posledního vypálení k zestárnutí tohoto porostu a dále k jeho vyhynutí. Proto je také doporučováno zavedení pastvy ovcí, a to kolem 5 jedinců po celý rok na 1 hektar nebo zde zavést již zmiňované pravidelné vypalování. Celé toto území je chráněno oplocením. Mezi cíle ochrany patří geologický profil skalní stěny přírodní památky Jabloňka. Tento profil je tvořen břidlicemi, křemenci a dalšími horninami pocházejícími z ordoviku (prvohory). Dále tu je také významné stanoviště teplomilného hmyzu. Navrhovaný plán péče zahrnuje udržovat otevřenou plochu skalních výchozů, což by mělo pomoci trvale zde udržet teplomilné trávníky spolu se vzácnými druhy, které zde žijí.

Mezi předměty ochrany je zahrnována i přírodní památka Čimické údolí, jež se rozkládá na 11 hektarech. V minulosti byla narušena činností člověka – původní terén byl přeměněn na pole, louky, sady a pastviny. Byla vyhlášena k ochraně krajinného prvku a teplomilných společenstev. Dle odborníků mají zdejší lesní porosty špatné druhové zastoupení. Dále je také důležité udržovat otevřené plochy, což znamená odstraňování křovin. Na severu Prahy leží přírodní památka Zámky, jejíž součástí je chráněná archeologická lokalita. Na plošině skály bylo slovanské hradiště z 6.až 8. století. Dnes se zde nachází archeologický park. Je zde zapotřebí udržovat travní a skalní společenstva - pomocí odstraňování křovin. V Podhoří je potřeba kontrolovat výskyt akátu, jasanu a křovin. Toto území je díky péči botanické zahrady zčásti oplocené a prochází tudy naučná stezka. Součástí botanické zahrady je přírodní památka Havránka pro niž je potřeba obnovit společenstva vřesu a zavést systematické vypalování po částech (desetileté cykly). Určitým ohrožujícím faktorem je zde bezprostřední umístění sídlišť. Na celém tomto území by měl být podporován růst původních dubohabřin a doubrav.

Turismus

V tomto přírodním parku je mnoho lokalit turisticky významných lokalit. Mezi ně patří chráněná území, např. Salabka (v minulosti sloužila jako vinice), Bohnické údolí, Trojská, Havránka, Čimické údolí či přírodní rezervace Podhoří. Podhoří je považováno za velmi cennou přírodní rezervaci, tvořenou skalními srázy na pravém břehu Vltavy. V této oblasti byl v minulosti těžen kámen. Patří k nejvýznamnějším útočištím teplomilných skalních ekosystémů v ČR. Součástí přírodního parku je také Trojská kotlina, kde leží botanická a zoologická zahrada, čímž se stává velice častým turistickým cílem – nejnavštěvovanější přírodní oblastí Prahy. Na území zoologické zahrady se nachází několik památkově chráněných objektů: Trója čp. 35 (u vstupu do ZOO), Gočárovy domky v areálu ZOO, viniční sloup v ZOO, usedlost Černohouska v areálu ZOO. Oblast Trojské kotliny je typická vysokým podílem přírodní plochy, kde se střídají parky a příměstské lesy. Nedaleko sídliště Bohnice se rozkládá přírodní památka Velká skála. Představuje geomorfologicky významný výškový bod, který poskytuje panoramatický výhled. Území je tvořeno nejpevnějšími horninami Prahy – buližníky (silicity), které vznikaly na dně moře, jež se zde nacházelo ve starohorách. Těší se vysokou návštěvností a svým rekreačním využitím. Dále mezi památkově chráněné objekty patří:Zámeček Jabloňka, pomník Mistra Jana Husa v Tróji, usedlost Kazanka, dům čp. 224 v Tróji, památková zóna Rybáře, panský statek (čp. 7) a domy čp. 13 a 238 v osadě Rybáře, kaple sv. Kláry s vinicí, Trojský zámek se zahradou, oranžérií a bývalou hospodou, bývalý panský mlýn v Troji, bývalý panský pivovar v Troji, usedlost Pazderka, usedlost Sklenářka, kaple sv. Václava (nachází se na území Podhoří), hradiště Na Farkách, památková zóna Staré Bohnice.

Turistické stezky
Téměř celým komplexem můžeme projít díky polním cestám, na nichž se nachází několik turistických tras. Pokud se do této části chceme dostat z druhé strany řeky, můžete využít dvou přívozů (přívoz Zámky – Sedlec, přívoz Podbaba – Podhoří). Je zde také cyklotrasa A2 "Vltavská stezka" o délce 27,5 km. Vede podél pravého břehu řeky Vltavy z Vraného n. Vltavou přes historické centrum Prahy až po Kralupy n. Vltavou. Mimo území Prahy je značena jako cyklotrasa č. 7. Tato trasa může být využívána i k dalším účelům (in-line brusle, procházení).
 červené značení – vede podél Vltavy k severu
 zelené značení – z Troji přes Havránku, Velkou skálu do Čimického háje
 modré značení – z Čimic kolem Dolních Chaber do Klecan

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

 Přírodní park Drahaň - Troja na stránkách městské části Troja

Drahaň-Troja

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


(JTA) — Washington, D.C., councilman Trayon White said a $500 donation to the Nation of Islam was meant to show his appreciation for local black men who have helped him to reach and help local youth.
White, already under fire for saying on Facebook that rich Jews control the weather and for leaving an organized tour of the U.S. Holocaust museum, said he donated $500 to the Nation of Islam's Saviours' Day gathering in Chicago from his constituent services fund because two local members asked him to.
His treasurer told The Washington Post, which first reported the donation, that the councilman had ordered him to cut the check. The constituent services funds is made up of private money raised by lawmakers to help the residents of their districts.
At the convention, Farrakhan made anti-Semitic comments, including calling "powerful Jews" his enemy and blaming Jews in Hollywood for the existence of transgender people.
White made a Facebook Live video on Saturday to defend himself against the fallout from recent events. "I'm under constant attack," White said at the beginning of the 35-minute video.
He addressed the Rothschilds controlling the weather incident by saying that he did not know that it was an anti-Semitic canard. "But I said my apologies and I am done with that," he continued.
White said of the Nation of Islam donation that when he is called to the scene of a homicide or a crime involving a young black man, that he often gets assistance from the Brothers Huddle, and that several of those men are adherents of the Nation of Islam and Louis Farrakhan.
White said he has gotten support from the Jewish community and singled out the progressive organization Jews United for Justice. The group on Friday issued a statement calling on White to request a refund for the donation to the Nation of Islam.
White asserted several time that he will continue to serve his constituents. "I'm not going anywhere, I'm not resigning," he said.
"I believe the Council should censure Councilmember T. White for his misuse of funds in support of Anti-Semitism and homophobia," she said.
This story "Trayon White Gave Constituent Funds To Farrakhan" was written by JTA.


Date and time: Monday, April 27, 2009, 4:00 – 6:00 p.m.
Jim Le Sueur is what Raymond Aron called a "spectateur engagé," or "committed observer," investigating contemporary history through the window of the Algerian experience and the effects of contemporary events on Algeria's intellectuals. He has authored several works, including Uncivil War: Intellectuals and Identity Politics during the Decolonization of Algeria and the soon to be published Between Terror and Democracy: Algeria since 1989. He edited The Decolonization Reader and the English translation of Mouloud Feraoun's enduring classic, Journal, 1955-1962: Reflections on the French-Algerian War. He has been involved in numerous translation projects and has overseen the republication of many works, including Henri Alleg's seminal victim account of torture by the French during the Battle of Algiers: The Question. He is editor of the France Overseas series at the University of Nebraska Press and currently making a documentary on Algerian exiles during the 1990s. Le Sueur is professor of history at the University of Nebraska and received his PhD in history from the University of Chicago.
The Maghreb Center is an independent, Washington DC based non-profit created to increase understanding of the Maghreb in the United States. In accomplishing its educational mission, the Center organizes Maghreb-related conferences, seminars, lectures, and roundtables and offers a series of publicly available publications. The Center sponsors numerous programs open to the public featuring U.S. and regional experts, development practitioners, foreign policy specialists, and representatives of Maghrebi governments and civil society.
This lecture is co-sponsored by the Georgetown Center for Contemporary Arab Studies.
The Maghreb Center speaker series has been made possible with the support of the Moroccan-American Cultural Center.


Researchers at Yale University in New Haven, CT, have discovered that intestinal bacteria in mice and humans can travel to other organs and evoke autoimmune response. But, administering antibiotic or vaccine that targets the bacteria can subdue this autoimmune reaction.
In autoimmune diseases, our immune system which is supposed to protect us turns on us and starts attacking our healthy cells and tissues. As a result, our body's ability to fight off foreign invaders decreases, making us susceptible to range of infections. Some of the most common autoimmune diseases are rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis and type 1 diabetes.
Scientists have not fully understood the cause of autoimmune diseases, but they have long suspected bacteria in the gut to be the culprit as a variety of autoimmune conditions have been linked to it.
In the study, senior author Martin Kriegel, M.D. and his team centered on a gut bacteria called Enterococcus gallinarum, which can "translocate" to lymph nodes, the liver, and spleen. Using a genetically susceptible mouse model, they were able to observe that once traveled beyond the gut, E. gallinarum triggered autoimmune responses and initiated producing auto-antibodies and inflammation.
Researchers were able to substantiate the same mechanism of inflammation in cultured liver cells of healthy people. They also found E. gallinarum to be present in livers of patients with autoimmune disease.
Further experiments showed that autoimmunity in the mice can be suppressed with an antibiotic or a vaccine designed to target E. Gallinarum. Either of the approach inhibited the growth of the bacterium in the tissues and alleviated its effects on the immune system.
The findings were published in the journal Science. Researchers believe treatment of chronic autoimmune conditions, including systemic lupus and autoimmune liver disease, can be made easy with further research on E. gallinarum and its mechanisms.
I am dubious about these findings. In my experience antibiotics are the very things which cause my leaky gut and to follow on from that, fibromyalgia. Dreadful things. I only use them if im desperate as i know how they will make me feel.
When I was growing up, my mom believed that one's stomach needed to be "worked off" periodically, especially if we were not feeling well. I thought she was crazy, but she may have been smarter than I thought. Seems like old medicine had some good ideas.
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The AIRSHIP page is the one-stop source for blimp information.
The gondola seats five. Rudder control is with the feet and elevator control via a wheel mounted between the seats like the trim wheel on a Cherokee.
The fans rotate! This increases the ship's ability to climb and descend during takeoffs and landings. Note the air intake directly behind the fan, used for pressurizing the ballonets.
View of the U.S. Tennis Open. We held this position for about three hours.