text:
The return of the Mighty Mighty New 52 Discussion thread
View Poll Results: If DC Kills the New 52 - Which Continuity Should Return?
Pre-Crisis
Post-Crisis
Neither - Start over!
Im fine with it the way it is
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Thread: The return of the Mighty Mighty New 52 Discussion thread
Sirnotappearinginthisthread
Originally Posted by steeplejack2112
Don't be sorry for something you don't understand. Do you honestly think that fans of how things used to be would be fans of some very obvious changes?
Yes .
GlennSimpson
Originally Posted by vaf2675
All of that history is the reason they had readers in the first place. And while Marvel also is a frequent user of the new #1 sales gimmick, at least they have never felt the need of destroying all their continuity just to bring in some new readers.
It's really sad that such a vibrant and colorful comics universe that DC had was completely rewritten just to come up with some sales numbers. If Marvel has been able to continue their dominance without sacrificing their history what does this mean? That DC is so insecure about their properties that the only way for them to increase sales is to continually reboot them over and over and over again leaves a lot to be said?
But like I've said, this will all probably be a mute point come April of 2015 when the next Crisis occurs.
Marvel doesn't necessarily destroy their continuity, but they do have characters who have gone through a staggering amount of changes and trial and tribulations in their life and somehow end up back at where they started. Take Speedball for example - is the Speedball in the current New Warriors book really the same guy who was cutting himself as Penance? That was like a year ago for him. He certainly "bounced back".
And of course there are various continuity mistakes made at Marvel. And those changes that are made just to keep the timeline from getting out of control (like constantly moving up the circumstances of Tony Stark's accident to different wars and areas of the world).
But at the end of the day, Marvel doesn't need to do something to get all of that attention. They are the #1 company in terms of sales and market share. DC is #2, they have to take more risks (or fewer, depending on the context). More people want to read Marvel comics than want to read DC comics. DC has to yell louder.
And don't forget all the people like me who certainly enjoyed the old continuity, but also find the new one just as good. A fresh start.
But your mileage may vary. You certainly have the right to not like something. But if you phrase your statements in the form of a question, then I'm forced to believe you are looking for an answer to those questions. Rhetorical questions are like sarcasm - they don't work well over the internet
I gotta go with "yes" here too. I liked my last car. I like my current car. They aren't the same, but I like them both for different reasons and because they are the same in all the ways that matter.
Zeeguy91
Originally Posted by Joe Kalicki
And even though editorial may have been a problem for some of the writers, it could very well be responsible for many of the really great titles DC is publishing right now. They have a system, and the people that work best in the system are going to produce the best work. The people who can't work well in the system should go and find a new system they can thrive in.
Eh, I don't really think that's the case. The editorial conflicts are more than likely responsible for driving away talent and wrecking. Take the examples of Joshua Fialkov on Green Lantern Corps and Blackman and Williams' Batwoman. Their Batwoman was probably the single best run on a Bat-female's title I've ever seen in my lifetime. And look what happened because of editorial.
When you look at it, its really the books that have been given freedom from editorial over interference that are the better one of their line. The system that DC has now is basically one where certain writers, who have built up enough credit with the editorial staff, are the ones whose books are pretty free from interference. For example, I doubt that anyone at DC editorial is gonna interfere with Geoff Johns' plans or Brian Azzarello's or Scott Snyder's or Jeff Lemire's. Its because writers like those guys have been proven to produce quality product and/or draw in customers.
That sort of system, though, means that everyone else is subject to mucking in their books until they prove that they are able to produce really good/high-selling stuff. That has a way of driving away talent, and that's something that needs to stop.
Originally Posted by Poorly drawn hero
I hate to say it, but I agree with DOT and FG. No major problems with writing on either front, and it's true that DC has a fine pool of artistic talent to draw from, but they don't use their best on any permanent basis. Jae Lee is fantastic, as is Eaglesham, Janin and the list goes on, but Sorrentino is the only really outstanding artist that DC keeps busy all the time, while Marvel uses takes full advantage of their talent.
Jae Lee is the case of an artist who needs a bunch of breaks. He's a regular on Batman/Superman, but has had to swap out every other arc in order to keep up. Same story for Cliff Chiang. However, Capullo and Mahnke are both phenomenal artists that are pretty great about being on time.
Originally Posted by Zeeguy91
You think "you need to prove yourself before we'll let you operate with less supervision" is an unreasonable rule? Isn't that the conditions under which most people work?
As for Fialkov, turns out the story is that editorial didn't think what he was writing was gripping enough and suggested killing off John Stewart to give it some weight. People can construe that any number of ways, but one of them is "Fialkov's story was so boring that killing off a major character was the only way it could be salvaged."
Last edited by GlennSimpson; 05-12-2014 at 02:00 PM.
Dispenser Of Truth
The New 52 has been a very bad experience for old time fans. Especially because when you get down to it, the reboot wasn't even necessary. You could have incorporated the multiverse and the Wildstorm characters back into the DC universe without having to do any of this.
But nooooo, DC execs decided they wanted to bring in younger fans and that the easiest way to achieve that would be to turn all the icons into twenty something year olds and compress the history of the DC Universe to just being five years old (SOMETHING THAT MAKES NO SENSE WHEN YOU TRY TO FIGURE OUT THE BATMAN AND GREEN LANTER CONTINUITY!!!).
The DC Universe was just fine before the New 52 mess. Why was it necessary to fix something that wasn't broken in the first place? All of the stories that are being told now could have just as easily been done in the old DC Universe, hell even all the changes done to Wonder Woman could have just been integrated as retcons. Also, recreating established characters just to add diversity to your line? Really lame move DC!!!!!!!! And the biggest sin by far, turning Superman into a pompous jerk who is barely recognizable as the symbol of truth and justice that he once was!!!!!!
There is nothing you could tell me that would justify what the New 52 has done, plain and simple. The old Universe was working just fine.
Oh my god. I never thought I would be compelled to defend the New 52 beyond Batman and Superman, but if anything could convince me, it would probably be this exact post. The all caps and tons of exclamation points are doing the opposite of what I think you think they are, man. And those younger fans? Yes, I agree they did a bad job of it, but de-aging the characters and compressing the timeline are the only things they should have done that they actually did. Said young fans wouldn't much care about Batman or GL continuity being RUINED FOREVER!!!!! either. And DC hadn't been relevant outside of Johns or Morrison in years before the reboot. Not that the New 52 did all that much good on that front, but still.
End of the day, pushing for new fans to revive an industry barely at a fraction of its former glory is way more important than placating old fans that tend to be incapable of being satisfied anyway. The reason I'm angry myself is that they didn't push harder.
Also, everyone please just stop forever about how god, diversity is ruining everything, changing a skin tone or orientation of a minor character completely changes everything about them and the racial purity of our paper-people is SO MUCH MORE IMPORTANT than an atmosphere of inclusiveness and even remotely reflecting the real world (in a way that actually matters, as opposed to the "Flash can only fly x fast and Batman should kill his villains" idea of realism that's dead from jump street in a genre built on Superman).
Originally Posted by Dispenser Of Truth
QFT. I think people who care more about consistency in a fictional character's ethnic background than they do making the world a little better are not necessarily racists, but they have priorities I would seriously disagree with.
Plus, sometimes one shouldn't say things because despite not having racist intentions, you still sound darn racist when you say it.
thetrellan
More human than human
You'd think after all the evolutions Lee's art has gone through he'd have developed some speed. His work is simpler than it used to be, certainly. Capullo isn't what I'd call phenomenal, though he seems to have found his stride for sure. And yes, Mahnke is pretty amazing, especially if you look at The Mask Volume One and see how fast he went from 0 to 60, if you get my metaphor. He starts out a nothing artist, really bad, then suddenly takes off big time. He's been a force to be reckoned with ever since.
The thing about Chiang and Capullo is that they're really solid artists. Where most artists draw the occasional weak panel, they seem to hit the mark panel after panel, page after page. And they do it with style and character. They've earned their stripes for sure.
Still, I stand by what I said. Right now DC seems to be the talent engine of the comics industry, and that means that major talent is finding its way into comics through them. Which is both good and bad. It means DC has a sizable pool of talent to draw from, but it also means more lesser talent is employed there. Lesser talent that Marvel doesn't waste time on. Or at least that's the impression I get.
Last edited by thetrellan; 05-12-2014 at 04:10 PM.
I hate to be that guy who uselessly posts just to say "great post" but...great post.
Originally Posted by GlennSimpson
It wouldn't be if DC was in the business of manufacturing and selling tires. But in an industry that literally deals in creative storytelling, overly intrusive supervision is a hindrance.
Last edited by Zeeguy91; 05-12-2014 at 04:09 PM.
andersonh1
End of the day, pushing for new fans to revive an industry barely at a fraction of its former glory is way more important than placating old fans that tend to be incapable of being satisfied anyway.
Those "old fans" are pretty much keeping the whole industry afloat. And even if that wasn't the case, how many new fans has DC drawn in? Their own surveys indicated that they brought some lapsed readers back into the fold, but only a tiny fraction of readers were genuinely new to comics.
So they drive off old fans while not drawing in new fans, and swap a few lapsed readers for the fans they've drive off. They're juggling the readership, but not growing it.
It's not an either/or proposition. They can respect the fidelity of older characters while adding new minority characters. DC's universe needs to expand. And don't fall back on the tired old "fans won't buy new things" argument. Plenty of new characters have succeeded in the past, and will continue to do so.
Originally Posted by andersonh1
And don't fall back on the tired old "fans won't buy new things" argument. Plenty of new characters have succeeded in the past, and will continue to do so.
I'd like to hear about these successful new characters.
I'd also like to hear your definition of "successful". Mine is that they can easily sell a continuing ongoing selling at least 20,000 a month regardless of the creatives involved.
AlexanderLuthor
With respect to the Wally West "controversy" I don't really have a dog in that fight. I grew up with Wally as Flash, but certainly see why Barry was restored when he was and have enjoyed the book since then. With that said, I guess I just don't understand what DC was thinking in this case. Literally the only people in the world who would care about the name Wally West are die-hard Wally West fans. I think if they would have just introduced the same character we have now and named him John Smith those people would have groaned about it not being Wally, but moved on or hoped he came back in a different fashion. But the way they've done it, the fans that you are trying to attract aren't going to care what the name is, and now you've used a name that was synonymous with a certain look and character to people for no real reason. It almost feels like trolling and just doesn't make a lot of sense to me
Last edited by AlexanderLuthor; 05-12-2014 at 05:05 PM.
Good post. Both Marvel and DC are in a tough situation. Seemingly, their characters have rarely been this popular - maybe the 40's and early 90's? But while sales are going up to some degree it's nothing compared to the flood of people seeing the movies/TV Shows. Avengers, Iron Man, Superman, Captain America and Green Arrow are all coming off of or have highly successful movies or TV shows, but really don't sell well at all. And some of those books are quality. Why is that? Is it the company's fault, is it the medium itself, is it society, is it the younger demographics preferences? Probably a combination of all of the above. But I know both companies are trying desperately to tap into the huge pool of potential fans that have been created -just w/o a ton of success, yet
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In this morning's Oregonian, the Editorial Board weighed in on Speaker Tina Kotek's proposed Section 8 reform bill, which is currently working its way through the legislature in Salem. The idea of the legislation, the Board wrote, "is to keep the source of a prospective tenant's income out of the equation - and in doing so prevent discrimination."
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A shared path to fair housing
The Oregonian Editorial Board, June 2012
Bias in Section 8 proposal
The Oregonian Editorial Board, March 28 2013
Oregonian editorial board flip-flops on Section 8 legislation
Street Roots, March 28 2013

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Superstar Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 finally releases today. The spy-thriller is a sequel to 2013 Vishwaroopam which saw Kamal playing an espionage.
Superstar Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 finally releases today. The spy-thriller is a sequel to 2013 Vishwaroopam which saw Kamal playing an espionage to expose and destroy the sleepers cells by wanted terrorist organizations. The sequel continues from there, however, is a "jumbled mess" if reviews are to be believed. However, like every movie, a section of fans have already given a big thumbs up to the movie as they caught up with early morning shows, while, many others are disappointed with Haasan's movie choices. The movie released after quite a few delays and is now open for the audience to react to.
2: 28 PM: Fans compare the action sequences in Vishwaroopam 2 to that with Hollywood movies. The spy thriller sees Kamal Haasan play an espionage. The movie has been directed and produced by Mr. Haasan.
#Vishwaroopam2 First few minutes were awesome I would say first 20 minutes were beyond Hollywood level.
2: 11 PM: Fans go berserk as Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 hit the theatres. Vishwaroopam 2 has been directed and produced by Mr. Haasan himself. The movie is garnering a mixed review.
1: 49 PM: Kamal Haasan has managed to leave a lasting impression with Vishwaroopam 2. The movie has been garnering mixed reviews. Vishwaroopam 2 also stars Shekhar Kapur and Pooja Kumar.
#Vishwaroopam2 totally satisfied with this flim. Dont miss the theatre experience.
1:30 PM: Vishwaroopam 2 has a mixed bag of reviews. The movie stars Kamal Haasan, the superstar, in the lead role. Apart from him, it is Shekhar Kapur and Pooja Kumar who make an impactful appearance in the movie.
Such a Scrap Film It is..
1: 13 PM: Kamal Haasan's Vishwaroopam 2 gets a thumbs up for its action sequences by the audience. A section of the fans cannot stop raving about the film. The movie's Hindi version was passed after 14 cuts.
2nd Half - Script gets somewhat different and a totally messed up climax....Which loses the main story plot.
Watch 1st part before going otherwise hard to link..
12: 53 PM: Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 has opened to an average box office occupancy this morning. The movie has been directed and produced by Kamal Haasan himself. Mixed reactions have now started pouring in for the movie.
12: 36 PM: People are walking out feeling happy after watching Vishwaroopam 2. The movie starring Kamal Haasan is a sequel to Vishwaroopam. Vishwaroopam 2 has been directed and produced by Kamal Haasan.
#Vishwaroopam2 Just came out of theater pleasantly.This film is another magnum opus of @ikamalhaasan.The compassion of the team is delivered in the film.All aspects of the film is awesome. Must watch if you are waiting for good film to enjoy.
12: 28 PM: Vishwaroopam 2 is on a roll with audience showering lots of love on it. The movie starring Kamal Haasan is high on patriotism. The movie has recorded an average box office opening, according to reports.
12: 06 PM: Kamal Haasan's Vishwaroopam 2 has released after a lot of delays. The movie is a sequel of Vishwaroopam. The movie is a spy-thriller which has been performing well at the box office.
Terrific action sequences, surprising dark humour, uplifting score, smart dialogues aside, #Vishwaroopam2 isn't as slick as the first, needed a sharper and a coherent screenplay. It can't choose whether to be a sequel or a prequel. Yet, the film still merits a one time watch.
12:03 PM: Audience cannot stop raving about Kamal Haasan. The actor has directed and produced Vishwaroopam 2 himself. He is seen alongside Shekhar Kapur, Pooja Sharma, Rahul Bose in the movie.
11: 59 AM: Vishwaroopam 2 is trending all day for its action sequences. High on emotional quotient and patriotism, the movie stars Kamal Haasan in the lead role. The movie has been directed and produced by Haasan.
11:46 AM: Kamal Haasan's Vishwaroopam 2 has finally hit the theatres. The movie has opened to good reviews especially by the audience. Vishwaroopam 2 has some great action scenes, according to the audience.
#Vishwaroopam2 Such an outstanding visuals, just done with the first half. Can't wait to see the rest and I'm damn sure @ikamalhaasan would killed it.
11: 16 AM: Reviews are pouring in for Kamal Haasan's Vishwaroopam 2 as most make it to the first half. Though the reaction is mixed, Kamal Haasan's acting prowess is being lauded. The movie also stars Shekhar Kapur and Pooja Kumar in the pivotal roles.
It's a one of a kind film where @RahulBose1 is competing directly with @BeingSalmanKhan for the constipated performance of the year.
The film has scale and story but screenplay , direction and acting is 0 marks.
11: 09 AM: Kamal Haasan's Vishwaroopam 2 is on a roll. The movie is a sequel to Vishwaroopam which released in 2013. Tell us if you want to watch the movie?
#Vishwaroopam2. Not up to the standard of first part. Nothing new/great. Ok movie.
10: 24 AM: While the reviews are mixed, the audience is clearly loving the movie. Vishwaroopam stars Kamal Haasan in a pivotal role. The actor is seen performing some kickass stunt in the flick.
9: 50 AM: Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 continues to entertain like never before. The movie has opened to mixed reviews from the audience. This is a sequel to 2013 film Vishwaroopam.
9: 30 AM: Vishwaroopam 2 sees Kamal Haasan playing a espionage once again. The movie has been shot bilingual and has released across languages today. Are you excited to see Mr.Haasan in action again?
9: 20 AM: Kamal Haasan starrer Vishwaroopam 2 had to undergo 14 cuts for the Hindi version. The movie also stars Shekhar Kapur, Pooja Kumar, Waheeda Rehman among others in the lead role. Vishwaroopam 2 is a sequel to spy-thriller Vishwaroopam which released in 2013.
9: 08 AM: Audience feels the sequel has the best screenplay with the great production quality. Kamal Haasan performs action sequences like a pro. Vishwaroopam 2 is being showered with all the love from the audience.
8: 45 AM: Kamal Haasan plays a espionage in Vishwaroopan 2. His action sequences will leave your mind blown. Are you planning to watch it?
most reviewers giving a thubs down .. i hope the movie does decent in the box office #vishwaroopam2 !!!!
8:30 AM: Here's an ardent fan of Kamal Haasan who is mindblown watching Vishwaroopan. It's going to be a second time for this fanboy. Are you enjoying the spy-thriller too?


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Diego de Landa (ur. 12 listopada 1524, zm. 29 kwietnia 1579) – hiszpański zakonnik, drugi biskup Jukatanu, autor dzieła na temat prekolumbijskiej kultury Majów. Zasłynął również jako ten, który zniszczył większość rękopisów majańskich i wizerunków ich bogów.

Życiorys
Diego de Landa urodził się w Alcarria (Toledo, Hiszpania) w 1524 roku. W wieku 16 lat wstąpił w szeregi zakonników franciszkanów w Klasztorze San Juan de los Reyes w Toledo. W 1549 roku wraz z ojcem Nicolas de Albate oraz z pięcioma innymi towarzyszami Alonso de Alvarado, Francisco Navaro, Antonio de Valdemoro, Antonio Figueras i Pedro Noriega udał się do Nowej Hiszpanii do Jukatanu. Jego zadaniem było szerzenie wiary katolickiej na nowo odkrytych ziemiach. W tym samym roku został wyznaczony asystent gwardiana w nowo założonej misji. Indianie przekazali w jego ręce jedną ze starożytnych budowli w Izamal pod siedzibę klasztoru. W 1550 jako przedstawiciel jukatańskich franciszkanów, został wysłany do Gwatemali.

Przez kilka lat Landa żył w Klasztorze Conkal. W 1553 został przeorem klasztoru w Izamal. Z jego rozkazu został wybudowany nowy klasztor dla franciszkanów; w tym samym roku nakazał dzielić wszelką żywność pomiędzy Indian, których nawiedziła plaga głodu.

W 1560 został wyznaczony na przeora klasztoru w Merida. Tam w 1562 Landa był bohaterem wydarzeń znanych jako auto-da-fé, które na zawsze położyły cień na jego osobę. Kilkoro dzieci indiańskich znalazło ukryte w pieczarach ołtarze starych majańskich bogów. Fakt ten spowodował aresztowanie przez franciszkanina grupy Indian i poddanie ich torturom. W mieście Maní na Jukatanie, spalił on ogromną liczbę ksiąg Majów, rozbił ich ołtarze i posągi bożków. Niektóre relacje podają liczbę 5000 rozmaitych bożków, 13 wielkich kamieni służących za ołtarze i 27 zwojów ze znakami i hieroglifami Majów. Sam Diego de Landa w swoim dziele pisał:
"znaleźliśmy dużą ilość ksiąg, a że wszystko w nich było przesądem i fałszerstwem spaliliśmy je, co wielkie cierpienie im (Indianom) sprawiło i napełniło wielkim smutkiem".

Diego Quixada, alkad miasta Meridy, w liście do króla Filipa II z 1563 roku pisał, iż Landa dopuścił się torturowania w imię kościoła cztery i pół tysiąca Indian, z których osiemdziesięciu pięciu nałożono włosiennice, sześć tysięcy trzystu trzydziestu tubylców zostało skazanych na grzywnę, a pięćdziesięciu Indian umarło w czasie przesłuchania. Inny duchowny biskup Francisco de Toral, również pisywał listy do króla, gdzie skarżył się na Landę, jakoby ten był zbyt brutalny w swych poczynaniach i odwracał Indian od Boga miast do niego ich przybliżać. Biograf Bernardino de Lizana pisał o franciszkaninie w samych superlatywach, wychwalając go za skuteczne wyplewienie pogańskich zabobonów. W następstwie tych relacji Diego de Landę odwołano do Hiszpanii. Po przybyciu do kraju napisał swoje największe i jedyne dzieło Relación de las cosas de Yucatán.

W Hiszpanii został poddany osądowi Rady Indii i wysłany do ojca Pedro de Bobadilla, w prowincji Kastylii. Tam inny duchowny inkwizytor Pedro de Guzman poddał weryfikacji poczynania Landy w Meksyku. Rozprawa zakończyła się po myśli franciszkanina i po zatwierdzeniu wyroku przez Radę Indii został on oczyszczony z zarzutów i rozgrzeszony.

W 1573 roku, w październiku, Diego de Landa powrócił do Meksyku na Jukatan, gdzie został biskupem Jukatanu. Jak mówią relacje, był witany przez tłumy Indian, dla których był dobroczyńcą i prześladowcą.
Landa umarł w Mérida, 29 kwietnia 1579, w wieku 54 lat. Jego ciało zostało pochowane w miejscowym kościele San Francisco, a jego kości zostały przewiezione do grobowca jego ojców we wsi Cifuentes, w Hiszpanii. Jego pomnik stoi na placu Izamal, gdzie on był przeorem i opiekunem.

Spuścizna

Diego de Landa do dziś wzbudza kontrowersje. Jego zapalczywość w zwalczaniu zabobonów wśród Indian, spowodowała zniszczenie ich dzieł sztuki i manuskryptów. Stawia go to w najgorszym świetle wśród historyków. Z drugiej strony Landa przez trzydzieści lat zbierał wszelkie materiały dotyczące prekolumbijskiej kultury Majów. Pieszo przemierzał cały Jukatan, gromadząc wszystko co dotyczyło tubylców, od wizerunków bogów poprzez ich obrzędy i ceremonie po pismo Majów i zwyczaje codzienne. Całą tę wiedzę umieścił w jednym dziele Relación de las cosas de Yucatán, która stała się nieocenionym źródłem informacji dla wszystkich następnych badaczy. E.J.S. Thomson pisał:
 "Bez tej książki jest dość wątpliwe, czy moglibyśmy uczynić jakiś krok w rozszyfrowaniu glifów, i wiedzielibyśmy o wiele mniej o Majach. Dzieło Landy można by nazwać kamieniem z Rosetty dla tej kultury".

Diego de Landa opisał w swym dziele geografię Jukatanu, jego historię, wierzenia Majów, ich obyczaje, tańce, muzykę, święta, stroje oraz system mierzenia czasu. Opisał także zestaw 27 glifów, które miały rzekomo stanowić alfabet Majów, w rzeczywistości jednak uznanie pisma Majów za alfabetyczne okazało się pomyłką.

Po śmierci Landy, jego rękopis został zakonserwowany we franciszkańskim klasztorze w Mérida a kopie jego pracy zostały wysłane do Hiszpanii, czego dowodem są zapisy w Relación de Chunchucha, z 1581 roku. W 1936 roku rękopis został zniszczony podczas wojny domowej.

Publikacje
 Clendinnen, Inga. "Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatan, 1517-1570". 2 ed. 2003. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
 Marshall E. Durbin, 1969. An Interpretation of Bishop Diego De Landa's Maya Alphabet (Philological and Documentary Studies)
 Diego de Landa, 1978. Yucatan Before and After the Conquest
 Relacion de las cosas de Yucatan/The relationship of the things of the Yucatan (in series Cronicas De America) 2002.
 Alfred M. Tozze, Relación de las cosas de Yucatán: A translation, Wyd. Harvard University, v. 18) 1941.
 William Gates Yucatan Before and After the Conquest 1978

Przypisy

Bibliografia

 Diego de Landa, "Świat Apocalypto" [sic!], z hiszpańskiego przełożył Paweł Skibiński, wyd. Polwen, 2006  – polskie wydanie "Relación..."

Linki zewnętrzne
 Strona audycji PR Programu II na temat zniszczonych ksiąg Majów. Rozmowa Hanny Marii Gizy z prof. Elżbietą Siarkiewicz [dostęp 3 września 2012]

Urodzeni w 1524
Zmarli w 1579
Postacie Mezoameryki

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
La lira pontificia fue la moneda de curso legal de los Estados Pontificios entre 1866 y 1870. El 18 de junio de 1866, sustituyó al Escudos pontificios con una tasa de cambio de 5,375 liras = 1 escudo. Fue moneda de curso legal hasta 1870, cuando es sustituida por la lira vaticana a razón de 1 a 1.

Orígenes

En 1866, el Papa Pio IX llevó a cabo una reforma monetaria con el fin de integrar a los Estados Pontificios (cuyos dominios ya se limitaban solo al llamado Patrimonio de San Pedro) a las condiciones de pesos, diámetros y unidades marcadas por la desaparecida Unión monetaria latina y a su vez, a la unidad monetaria del recién unificado Reino de Italia.

Monedas
El primer cono monetario de este periodo estuvo comprendido por monedas de cobre de 1 centésimo, ½, 1 y 4 soldi, de plata de 5, 10 soldi, 1, 2, 2½ y 5 liras, y de oro de 5, 10, 20, 50 y 100 liras pontificias. Todas ellas adaptadas a los pesos, diámetros y ley marcados por la Unión monetaria latina, con la excepción de las monedas de 4 y 5 soldi y 2½ liras, que permanecieron como vestigios simbólicos de la unidad monetaria anterior.

En el cuadro que aparece a continuación se especifican las características técnicas de las últimas monedas de curso legal que fueron acuñadas después de la reforma monetaria de 1866:

Bibliografía

Jean-Marc Leconte, Le bréviaire des monnaies de l'Union latine, Cressida, Paris, 1995
Antonio Pagani, Monete italiane dall'invasione napoleonica ai giorni d'oggi (1796-1963).
Alfa Edizioni. Catalogo Alfa delle Monete italiane e Regioni - 33ª edizione 2008 Alfa Edizioni Torino
Eupremio Montenegro, Manuale del collezionista di monete italiane, 29ª ed., Torino, Edizioni Montenegro, 2008. ISBN 9788888894034.
Fabio Gigante, Monete italiane dal '700 all'avvento dell'euro, 21ª ed., Varese, Gigante, 2013. ISBN 9788889805350.
Krause, Chester L. e Clifford Mishler, Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1801-1991, 18ª ed., Krause Publications, 1991. ISBN 0-87341-150-1.

Monedas de Italia
Monedas de Ciudad del Vaticano
Monedas de Europa
Monedas fuera de curso
Estados Pontificios
Estados Pontificios en el siglo XIX


"I AM THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION." Those words, uttered by the Mother of God herself to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in the Grotto of Massabielle near Lourdes, France, on March 25, 1858, was a Heavenly ratification of the solemn, infallible proclamation of the doctrine of her Immaculate Conception by Pope Pius IX on December 8, 1854, in the Bull Ineffabilis Deus. "I AM THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION."
Our Lady was conceived in the womb of her holy mother, Good Saint Anne, without any stain of Original or Actual Sin in anticipation of the merits that would be won by her Divine Son, Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, on the wood of the Holy Cross. She, the Singular Vessel of Devotion, had the perfect integrity of Adam and Eve before their Fall from Grace in the Garden of Eden. It is important, therefore, to get the doctrine of Original Sin right in order to understand the great miracle worked by God in the soul of the fairest flower of our race, Our Lady, from the very first moment of her Immaculate Conception. To get anything about the doctrine of Original Sin wrong leads to the efforts on the part of Modernists to deconstruct the doctrinal definitions of Original Sin and of the Immaculate Conception.
Alas, the Catholic Church, our Holy Mother on earth, our Mater and Magister, is as spotless as the Immaculate Blessed Virgin Mary. Holy Mother Church does not deconstruct infallible dogmatic definitions. Holy Mother Church cannot do so, which is why we need to pray to Our Lady, she who is the Mediatrix of All Graces and our Immaculate Queen, to help us to cleave to true bishops and true priests in the catacombs who make no concessions to the counterfeit church of conciliarism that has promulgated an abominable "liturgy" and whose officials feel feel to "reinterpret" dogmatic truths according to Modernist propositions that have been condemned by the authority of our spotless Mother on earth, Holy Mother Church.
Mindful of the effects of our own sins on our immortal souls and of our need to make reparation for them to the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus through Our Lady's Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart, may we make the Secret prayer for today's Holy Mass our own: "Receive the saving Victim we offer to Thee, O Lord, on the solemn feast of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary: and grant that, as we confess that by Thy prevenient grace she was kept free from every stain of sin; so, by her intercession, we may be delivered from all our offenses. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Thy Son, Who liveth and reigneth with Thee in the unity of the Holy Ghost, one God."
A blessed Feast of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary to you all!
Although this revised reflection does make more than casual references to the conciliar revolutionaries, I am not addressing Jorge Mario Bergoglio's interview in La Nacion, an Argentine newspaper, today as our focus must be on the fairest flower of our race who was unspotted by any stain of sin. Like his predecessors before him in the counterfeit church of conciliarism, Bergoglio has no conception of the horror of personal sin and, believing as the naturalist that he is, thinks that it is actually counterproductive to urge those living in states of Mortal Sin in the objective order of things to change as they might be offended and walk away from what he thinks is the Catholic Church. No one who loves God as He has revealed Himself to us exclusively through His true Church, the Catholic Church, can be indifferent to the horror of sin, which caused Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ to suffer unspeakable horrors in His Sacred Humanity during His Passion and death on the wood of the Holy Cross and caused the Swords of Sorrow to be thrust through and though the Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart of His Most Blessed Mother, she is is our Immaculate Queen of Heaven and of Earth.
May God have mercy on us all in this era of apostasy and betrayal.
Barack Hussein Obama/Barry Soetoro's latest power grab has his false opposites in the organized crime family of naturalism of the "right" as flummoxed now as they have been throughout the course of the past nearly six years since the committed Eurocialist was sworn in as President of the United States of America on January 20, 2009.
As the three consecutive long nights of writing and overnight postings did not do wonders for the flu from which I have been suffering for the past week, my desire to complete "Caesar's Latest Power Grab" must yield to the necessity of rest. I have no idea how many people have read the three part series on Bergoglio's trip to Turkey. However, I do ask those who continue to read the articles on this site to be patient as I attempt to get better from the current illness, which, of course, I accept as a just chastisement for my sins and offer up with gratitude to the Throne of the Most Blessed Trinity through the Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart of Mary.
Today's republished article is a brief reflection on the life and missionary work of Saint Francis Xavier, S.J., a true Jesuit and a true priest who encouraged his converts in Goa, India, to mock and to smash the images of idols. Such "disrespect" to the images of idols would not be tolerated by the lay Jesuit, Jorge Mario Bergoglio, who has never found a false religion that he could not praise and respect.
Jorge Mario Bergoglio is in Turkey.
This means two things: First, lots of apostasy.
Second, little sleep for some Catholics who comment on the apostasy.
Several republished articles, each variations on a theme, that have been tweaked in various places are offered for Advent reflection.
Part two of Caesar's Latest Power Grab is coming along, although it may have to wait until Jorge goes home.
Saint Saturninus, pray for us.
The Holy Season of Advent begins tonight, Saturday, November 29, 2014, as true priests, deacons and subdeacons sing or pray First Vespers for the First Sunday of Advent.
Today is the last day of the year, the liturgical year, that is. It is also a very short day, liturgically speaking, as is the case with almost every Saturday of the liturgical year. Our current liturgical year ends with First Vespers for the First Sunday of Advent this evening.
The principal focus of Advent is on Our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ's First Coming in time when His Blessed Mother gave Birth to Him painlessly in the cradle in the stable in the cave in Bethlehem.


text:
Resources provided by voluntary organisations to Chalcots Estate residents
We would like to thank all of the voluntary organisations who have supported our residents throughout the unprecedented disruption at the Chalcots Estate.
A number of organisations will continue to offer activities and advice to make the transition into temporary accommodation easier for those affected.
Organisations offering assistance to displaced Chalcots residents
Age UK Camden – Specialist staff will be making visits to our most vulnerable elderly residents to ensure that they are fully supported for the duration of the evacuation. They are also volunteering on site at the Chalcots Estate to offer advice, and address any concerns our older residents might have.
Ageing Better in Camden – Kilburn Older Voices Exchange (KOVE) will also be checking on elderly residents, offering support and advice throughout the disruption.
Camden Food Market – Are looking to provide up to 1,000 vouchers that can be redeemed at around 45 food outlets. These vouchers should be available in the next few days. Vouchers will be valid until Monday 31 July and can be collected from Swiss Cottage Library.
Chalk Farm Food Bank – As the nearest foodbank to Swiss Cottage leisure centre, they have offered to provide food and vouchers to displaced residents.
The Hampstead Wells and Campden Trust – Vouchers are being provided to vulnerable residents known to the trust, these can be used to buy essential items. Chalcots residents who are unfamiliar with the Trust can find out more from Camden Council or our advice partners. If you feel as though you may be eligible for assistance we can help you apply.
Kilburn Grange Project – Offering after school clubs from 3.30pm to 6.30pm at Kingsgate Community Centre. The cost is usually around £2.50 with discounts available. Includes workshops and opportunities to try art, dance and more.
Manor Gardens Welfare Trust – Are looking to run an emotional support workshop for Chalcots residents. If you would like to attend the workshop please contact Camden Council and a date and time can be arranged. Perinatal support to new parents, mental health and wellbeing support, friendship and befriender services are also available.
SHAK – Are holding youth clubs for ages 9-19, every Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday from 4.30pm to 7.30pm. Here, young people can take part in music production courses, gym sessions and get general support.
Somali Cultural Centre – The Somali Cultural Centre have been helping vulnerable families and those from the BME community access support and assistance. They are also able to provide a translation service and will be running a drop in service every Thursday from 10am-3pm. They have also been distributing hampers with bedding and baby supplies in partnership with The Hampstead Wells and Campden Trust.
Swiss Cottage Community Centre – Normal service at the centre has now resumed and there are plenty of activities for evacuated residents at no fixed cost. This includes story time for young children and access to computers.
SYDRC – The Somali Youth Development Resource Centre have been working with residents on the Chalcots Estate, in particular young people, to ensure their wellbeing during the evacuation.
West Hampstead Women's Centre – Offer a drop-in space for women on a Monday, and can provide food vouchers and a quiet space for mothers with their children. West Hampstead Women's Centre have also flagged up accommodation where there is a need for cooked food to be delivered, and can provide emotional support, doctors appointments, childcare and more.
The Winch – Offer a play space for families every weekday from 9.30-2.30pm.
Partner organisations offering advice sessions to Chalcots residents
Mary Ward Legal Centre – Legal advice drop in session on Monday 3 July from 10am to 1pm.
Citizens Advice Camden – Drop in session on Tuesday 4 July from 1pm to 3pm, offering advice on everything from money and benefits to housing and healthcare.
Age UK Camden – Staff will be on hand at Swiss all day on Wednesday 5 July, they will be able to help elderly residents with any questions or concerns.
Camden Community Law Centre – Legal advice drop in session on Thursday 6 July from 2pm to 4pm.
Citizens Advice Camden - Drop in session on Friday 7 July from 10am to 1pm, offering advice on everything from money and benefits to housing and healthcare.
Citizens Advice Camden have also opened a helpline for evacuated Chalcots residents. You can call them on 07948 447 926, available Monday to Friday from 10am to 4pm until Friday 7 July.
We would also like to thank
VCC - Have been invaluable in organising volunteer support from across Camden.
City University – Have kindly provided a team of eight people to undertake overnight shifts on the Chalcots Estate, offering information and support to those leaving their homes.
South Hampstead Synagogue, Camden Methodist Church, Sikh Aid, Red Cross, VAC, MAC-UK, Holy Trinity Swiss Cottage, Elfrida Camden, New North London Synagogue, BSC and Maiden Lane Community Centre who have offered support and continue to work with affected residents.
For more information, read the resident FAQs on our website.


text:
<?php namespace Illuminate\Auth;

use Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar;
use Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Illuminate\Session\Store as SessionStore;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

class Guard {

	/**
	 * The currently authenticated user.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface
	 */
	protected $user;

	/**
	 * The user we last attempted to retrieve.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface
	 */
	protected $lastAttempted;

	/**
	 * Indicates if the user was authenticated via a recaller cookie.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $viaRemember = false;

	/**
	 * The user provider implementation.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Auth\UserProviderInterface
	 */
	protected $provider;

	/**
	 * The session store used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Session\Store
	 */
	protected $session;

	/**
	 * The Illuminate cookie creator service.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar
	 */
	protected $cookie;

	/**
	 * The request instance.
	 *
	 * @var \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request
	 */
	protected $request;

	/**
	 * The event dispatcher instance.
	 *
	 * @var \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher
	 */
	protected $events;

	/**
	 * Indicates if the logout method has been called.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $loggedOut = false;

	/**
	 * Indicates if a token user retrieval has been attempted.
	 *
	 * @var bool
	 */
	protected $tokenRetrievalAttempted = false;

	/**
	 * Create a new authentication guard.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserProviderInterface  $provider
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Session\Store  $session
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function __construct(UserProviderInterface $provider,
								SessionStore $session,
								Request $request = null)
	{
		$this->session = $session;
		$this->request = $request;
		$this->provider = $provider;
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the current user is authenticated.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		return ! is_null($this->user());
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the current user is a guest.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function guest()
	{
		return ! $this->check();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the currently authenticated user.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface|null
	 */
	public function user()
	{
		if ($this->loggedOut) return;

		// If we have already retrieved the user for the current request we can just
		// return it back immediately. We do not want to pull the user data every
		// request into the method because that would tremendously slow an app.
		if ( ! is_null($this->user))
		{
			return $this->user;
		}

		$id = $this->session->get($this->getName());

		// First we will try to load the user using the identifier in the session if
		// one exists. Otherwise we will check for a "remember me" cookie in this
		// request, and if one exists, attempt to retrieve the user using that.
		$user = null;

		if ( ! is_null($id))
		{
			$user = $this->provider->retrieveByID($id);
		}

		// If the user is null, but we decrypt a "recaller" cookie we can attempt to
		// pull the user data on that cookie which serves as a remember cookie on
		// the application. Once we have a user we can return it to the caller.
		$recaller = $this->getRecaller();

		if (is_null($user) && ! is_null($recaller))
		{
			$user = $this->getUserByRecaller($recaller);
		}

		return $this->user = $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the ID for the currently authenticated user.
	 *
	 * @return int|null
	 */
	public function id()
	{
		if ($this->loggedOut) return;

		return $this->session->get($this->getName()) ?: $this->getRecallerId();
	}

	/**
	 * Pull a user from the repository by its recaller ID.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $recaller
	 * @return mixed
	 */
	protected function getUserByRecaller($recaller)
	{
		if ($this->validRecaller($recaller) && ! $this->tokenRetrievalAttempted)
		{
			$this->tokenRetrievalAttempted = true;

			list($id, $token) = explode('|', $recaller, 2);

			$this->viaRemember = ! is_null($user = $this->provider->retrieveByToken($id, $token));

			return $user;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the decrypted recaller cookie for the request.
	 *
	 * @return string|null
	 */
	protected function getRecaller()
	{
		return $this->request->cookies->get($this->getRecallerName());
	}

	/**
	 * Get the user ID from the recaller cookie.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	protected function getRecallerId()
	{
		if ($this->validRecaller($recaller = $this->getRecaller()))
		{
			return head(explode('|', $recaller));
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the recaller cookie is in a valid format.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $recaller
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function validRecaller($recaller)
	{
		if ( ! is_string($recaller) || ! str_contains($recaller, '|')) return false;

		$segments = explode('|', $recaller);

		return count($segments) == 2 && trim($segments[0]) !== '' && trim($segments[1]) !== '';
	}

	/**
	 * Log a user into the application without sessions or cookies.
	 *
	 * @param  array  $credentials
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function once(array $credentials = array())
	{
		if ($this->validate($credentials))
		{
			$this->setUser($this->lastAttempted);

			return true;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Validate a user's credentials.
	 *
	 * @param  array  $credentials
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function validate(array $credentials = array())
	{
		return $this->attempt($credentials, false, false);
	}

	/**
	 * Attempt to authenticate using HTTP Basic Auth.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $field
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
	 * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response|null
	 */
	public function basic($field = 'email', Request $request = null)
	{
		if ($this->check()) return;

		$request = $request ?: $this->getRequest();

		// If a username is set on the HTTP basic request, we will return out without
		// interrupting the request lifecycle. Otherwise, we'll need to generate a
		// request indicating that the given credentials were invalid for login.
		if ($this->attemptBasic($request, $field)) return;

		return $this->getBasicResponse();
	}

	/**
	 * Perform a stateless HTTP Basic login attempt.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $field
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
	 * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response|null
	 */
	public function onceBasic($field = 'email', Request $request = null)
	{
		$request = $request ?: $this->getRequest();

		if ( ! $this->once($this->getBasicCredentials($request, $field)))
		{
			return $this->getBasicResponse();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Attempt to authenticate using basic authentication.
	 *
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
	 * @param  string  $field
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function attemptBasic(Request $request, $field)
	{
		if ( ! $request->getUser()) return false;

		return $this->attempt($this->getBasicCredentials($request, $field));
	}

	/**
	 * Get the credential array for a HTTP Basic request.
	 *
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request  $request
	 * @param  string  $field
	 * @return array
	 */
	protected function getBasicCredentials(Request $request, $field)
	{
		return array($field => $request->getUser(), 'password' => $request->getPassword());
	}

	/**
	 * Get the response for basic authentication.
	 *
	 * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response
	 */
	protected function getBasicResponse()
	{
		$headers = array('WWW-Authenticate' => 'Basic');

		return new Response('Invalid credentials.', 401, $headers);
	}

	/**
	 * Attempt to authenticate a user using the given credentials.
	 *
	 * @param  array  $credentials
	 * @param  bool   $remember
	 * @param  bool   $login
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function attempt(array $credentials = array(), $remember = false, $login = true)
	{
		$this->fireAttemptEvent($credentials, $remember, $login);

		$this->lastAttempted = $user = $this->provider->retrieveByCredentials($credentials);

		// If an implementation of UserInterface was returned, we'll ask the provider
		// to validate the user against the given credentials, and if they are in
		// fact valid we'll log the users into the application and return true.
		if ($this->hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials))
		{
			if ($login) $this->login($user, $remember);

			return true;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the user matches the credentials.
	 *
	 * @param  mixed  $user
	 * @param  array  $credentials
	 * @return bool
	 */
	protected function hasValidCredentials($user, $credentials)
	{
		return ! is_null($user) && $this->provider->validateCredentials($user, $credentials);
	}

	/**
	 * Fire the attempt event with the arguments.
	 *
	 * @param  array  $credentials
	 * @param  bool   $remember
	 * @param  bool   $login
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function fireAttemptEvent(array $credentials, $remember, $login)
	{
		if ($this->events)
		{
			$payload = array($credentials, $remember, $login);

			$this->events->fire('auth.attempt', $payload);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Register an authentication attempt event listener.
	 *
	 * @param  mixed  $callback
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function attempting($callback)
	{
		if ($this->events)
		{
			$this->events->listen('auth.attempt', $callback);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Log a user into the application.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface  $user
	 * @param  bool  $remember
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function login(UserInterface $user, $remember = false)
	{
		$this->updateSession($user->getAuthIdentifier());

		// If the user should be permanently "remembered" by the application we will
		// queue a permanent cookie that contains the encrypted copy of the user
		// identifier. We will then decrypt this later to retrieve the users.
		if ($remember)
		{
			$this->createRememberTokenIfDoesntExist($user);

			$this->queueRecallerCookie($user);
		}

		// If we have an event dispatcher instance set we will fire an event so that
		// any listeners will hook into the authentication events and run actions
		// based on the login and logout events fired from the guard instances.
		if (isset($this->events))
		{
			$this->events->fire('auth.login', array($user, $remember));
		}

		$this->setUser($user);
	}

	/**
	 * Update the session with the given ID.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $id
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function updateSession($id)
	{
		$this->session->put($this->getName(), $id);

		$this->session->migrate(true);
	}

	/**
	 * Log the given user ID into the application.
	 *
	 * @param  mixed  $id
	 * @param  bool   $remember
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface
	 */
	public function loginUsingId($id, $remember = false)
	{
		$this->session->put($this->getName(), $id);

		$this->login($user = $this->provider->retrieveById($id), $remember);

		return $user;
	}

	/**
	 * Log the given user ID into the application without sessions or cookies.
	 *
	 * @param  mixed  $id
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function onceUsingId($id)
	{
		$this->setUser($this->provider->retrieveById($id));

		return $this->user instanceof UserInterface;
	}

	/**
	 * Queue the recaller cookie into the cookie jar.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface  $user
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function queueRecallerCookie(UserInterface $user)
	{
		$value = $user->getAuthIdentifier().'|'.$user->getRememberToken();

		$this->getCookieJar()->queue($this->createRecaller($value));
	}

	/**
	 * Create a remember me cookie for a given ID.
	 *
	 * @param  string  $value
	 * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Cookie
	 */
	protected function createRecaller($value)
	{
		return $this->getCookieJar()->forever($this->getRecallerName(), $value);
	}

	/**
	 * Log the user out of the application.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function logout()
	{
		$user = $this->user();

		// If we have an event dispatcher instance, we can fire off the logout event
		// so any further processing can be done. This allows the developer to be
		// listening for anytime a user signs out of this application manually.
		$this->clearUserDataFromStorage();

		if ( ! is_null($this->user))
		{
			$this->refreshRememberToken($user);
		}

		if (isset($this->events))
		{
			$this->events->fire('auth.logout', array($user));
		}

		// Once we have fired the logout event we will clear the users out of memory
		// so they are no longer available as the user is no longer considered as
		// being signed into this application and should not be available here.
		$this->user = null;

		$this->loggedOut = true;
	}

	/**
	 * Remove the user data from the session and cookies.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function clearUserDataFromStorage()
	{
		$this->session->forget($this->getName());

		$recaller = $this->getRecallerName();

		$this->getCookieJar()->queue($this->getCookieJar()->forget($recaller));
	}

	/**
	 * Refresh the remember token for the user.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface  $user
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function refreshRememberToken(UserInterface $user)
	{
		$user->setRememberToken($token = str_random(60));

		$this->provider->updateRememberToken($user, $token);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new remember token for the user if one doesn't already exist.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface  $user
	 * @return void
	 */
	protected function createRememberTokenIfDoesntExist(UserInterface $user)
	{
		if (is_null($user->getRememberToken()))
		{
			$this->refreshRememberToken($user);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the cookie creator instance used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar
	 *
	 * @throws \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getCookieJar()
	{
		if ( ! isset($this->cookie))
		{
			throw new \RuntimeException("Cookie jar has not been set.");
		}

		return $this->cookie;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the cookie creator instance used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar  $cookie
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function setCookieJar(CookieJar $cookie)
	{
		$this->cookie = $cookie;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the event dispatcher instance.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher
	 */
	public function getDispatcher()
	{
		return $this->events;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the event dispatcher instance.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher
	 */
	public function setDispatcher(Dispatcher $events)
	{
		$this->events = $events;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the session store used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Session\Store
	 */
	public function getSession()
	{
		return $this->session;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the user provider used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\UserProviderInterface
	 */
	public function getProvider()
	{
		return $this->provider;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the user provider used by the guard.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserProviderInterface  $provider
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function setProvider(UserProviderInterface $provider)
	{
		$this->provider = $provider;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the currently cached user of the application.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface|null
	 */
	public function getUser()
	{
		return $this->user;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the current user of the application.
	 *
	 * @param  \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface  $user
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function setUser(UserInterface $user)
	{
		$this->user = $user;

		$this->loggedOut = false;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current request instance.
	 *
	 * @return \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request
	 */
	public function getRequest()
	{
		return $this->request ?: Request::createFromGlobals();
	}

	/**
	 * Set the current request instance.
	 *
	 * @param  \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\Guard
	 */
	public function setRequest(Request $request)
	{
		$this->request = $request;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the last user we attempted to authenticate.
	 *
	 * @return \Illuminate\Auth\UserInterface
	 */
	public function getLastAttempted()
	{
		return $this->lastAttempted;
	}

	/**
	 * Get a unique identifier for the auth session value.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getName()
	{
		return 'login_'.md5(get_class($this));
	}

	/**
	 * Get the name of the cookie used to store the "recaller".
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function getRecallerName()
	{
		return 'remember_'.md5(get_class($this));
	}

	/**
	 * Determine if the user was authenticated via "remember me" cookie.
	 *
	 * @return bool
	 */
	public function viaRemember()
	{
		return $this->viaRemember;
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Delphi 7 + Zeos: how to prevent sqlite 3 converting date and integer/float to string? Test database:
create table a ( d date not null primary key);
create table b ( d date not null primary key);
insert into a values ('2013-01-01');
insert into b values ('2014-01-01');

Using Zeos lib with Delphi 7, these queries all return TDateTimeField:
select d from a order by 1;

select d from b order by 1;

select d from a union all select d from b;

select * from (select d from a union all select d from b) s;

However, this query returns a TStringField:
select * from (select d from a union all select d from b) s order by 1;

Questions:

*

*Why is that?

*How do I prevent this from happening?

*Is this a bug? How on earth ordering a result set changes the type of a column????

*This is a serious problem because I cannot generate SQL queries from my program and open them in a TZReadOnlyQuery that was created in design time

Update: it does not work with integers either.
create table c ( id integer not null primary key);
create table d ( id integer not null primary key);
insert into c values(1);
insert into d values(2);

These result in TLargeIntField:
select * from c order by 1

select * from d order by 1

select * from ( select * from c union all select * from d) s

However, this results in a TStringField:
select * from ( select * from c union all select * from d) s order by 1

A: As stated here:http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html

SQLite does not have a storage class set aside for storing dates
  and/or times. Instead, the built-in Date And Time Functions of SQLite
  are capable of storing dates and times as TEXT, REAL, or INTEGER
  values:
TEXT as ISO8601 strings ("YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SSS"). REAL as Julian
  day numbers, the number of days since noon in Greenwich on November
  24, 4714 B.C. according to the proleptic Gregorian calendar. INTEGER
  as Unix Time, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
  Applications can chose to store dates and times in any of these
  formats and freely convert between formats using the built-in date and
  time functions.

So, can you try the statement below and post the results?!
select date(*) as test from (select date(d) from a union all select date(d) from b) s order by 1;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I hope everyone had a great weekend! Zach and I spent time with family and it was great. We had a family reunion with my side of the family, then dinner with his immediate family Saturday night. I just want to say another quick thank you to everyone for you love and support. It truly is amazing to Zach and I. We can feel each of your love and thank you so much for your thoughts and prayers in our behalf.
Just a quick outfit post. You know how you find that dress and it is a super rare find, but it fits perfectly and is something you never knew you were looking for?? Well that is this dress! Zach told me it looks like a Pocahontas dress, but I just adore it! I love that I could put a cardigan over it for the chilly fall days and winter and it still would be beautiful! Have a fantastic Monday everyone!
Don't forget to enter the $200 Lands' End Gift Card Giveaway or the $150 PayPal Cash Giveaway that end SOON!
Previous Post: « THANK YOU.
Pretty dress, I'm all about bohemian maxis so you can imagine my excitement for this dress, is so unique! The elephant necklace makes me like the look even more! Sounds like your weekend was a lot of fun!
This dress is so pretty! I feel like you should be frolicking in a field!
You look so great! This pretty dress just seems to suit you!
This dress is perfect. I'm glad to hear that you're doing a little better.
Your weekend sounds like fun! I love the dress too!
I LOVE this dress!! It looks so comfy!
Wow–I really love unique dresses, and I think "pocahontas" is a great name for that one!
you're just the cutest thing in the world!
The dress, the necklace, and the shoes – everything goes so beautifully together, well done!
That dress is darling! So cute on you! And can I just say that I love that you re-use pieces. It is great to see a blog where it's not a totally new outfit every day. It's pieces mixed and matched to make a bunch of outfits! Love love it!


text:
Rep. Schock: I "Hope" I Haven't Broken The Law
NBC 5 Investigates finds that Peoria Republican wrote checks to himself for more than $16,000 -- just for mileage in 2014
By Phil Rogers	• Published at 5:59 pm on March 11, 2015
With ethical questions swirling, Illinois Congressman Aaron Schock has told the website Politico that he "hopes" he hasn't broken the law.
The political news website says it conducted what was described as a "testy" six minute interview with Schock on Tuesday. And that he seemed to equivocate when asked whether he thought he had broken any rules or federal laws.
"Well I certainly hope not," Schock said. Pressed further, he replied, "Well, I'm not an attorney."
More than a year ago, NBC 5 Investigates first raised questions about Schock's extensive use of Leadership PAC funds for luxury jet travel and stays at posh resorts. But the Peoria Republican has been the target of increasing questions about his far flung trips, often chronicled on Instagram, paid for from campaign and office funds.
"This is, time and time again, congressman Schock has misused congressional funds, misused his office funds, misused his campaign funds, and used them to finance an incredibly lavish lifestyle, " says Anne Weismann, interim executive director of Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW). "This is a member who has been a multiple, serial violator of the rules and the laws, and there should be some accountability for those actions."
During a brief session sparring with reporters here in Chicago on Monday, Schock insisted he takes his compliance obligations very seriously, and that his extensive use of private aircraft was due to the size of his district.
"I have the largest geographic district in the state," he said. "My goal to getting to the 205 towns that I represent is a priority for me."
The congressman insisted he curbed other spending in his office, to make up for funds spent on travel.
"When you rent a plane and go around your district, people can say, clearly, that seems out of touch," he said. "I get it."
But in the Politico interview a day later, Schock suggested he was rethinking that policy.
"Well, I think what's clear is that it's better for me to do fewer events in my district, and drive to them than it is to rent a plane and try to get to more events in my district," he said.
But a review of the congressman's expenses suggests he already has done plenty of driving.
NBC 5 Investigates found that Schock wrote checks to himself for more than $16,000—just for mileage in 2014. The $16,329 in payments included over $7,000 paid out of Schock's congressional accounts, which are funded by taxpayers. And another $8921 paid from his leadership PAC, described only as "PAC mileage".
With the IRS gauge of 56 cents a mile, that comes out to 29,160 miles which Schock claimed to have driven in 2014, or 80 miles every day of last year.
Schock wrote checks to various congressional staff members for even more mileage, a total of $8,040. All in taxpayer money.
"What CREW has been calling for, for weeks, is a thorough investigation," says Weismann, noting her organization has filed three complaints against Schock with the House Ethics Committee, and another with the Federal Election Commission. And she chafed at the congressman's insistence that he is conducting an internal review in his office.
"The ethical lapses that we already know about are too serious, there are too many of them, to leave this in the hands of congressman Schock and his own hired guns."


The Immigration and Nationality Act, or INA, was created in 1952. It forms the basic body of US Immigration Law. The INA is currently divided into titles, chapters, and sections. Although it stands alone as a body of law, the Act is also contained in the United States Code (U.S.C.). The code is a collection of all the laws of the United States. It is arranged in fifty subject titles by general alphabetic order. Title 8 of the U.S. Code is but one of the fifty titles and deals with "Aliens and Nationality".


text:
Physical Education Games for Children
Kho Kho: How to Play and Rules
How to Play Gaga Ball
By Gregory Hamel
A successful physical education class for kids will strike a balance between teaching about sports and fitness, and playing fun games to keep kids interested. If you have to keep a group of kids entertained, try these games to keep the kids burning energy.
Ships across the Ocean
Ships across the Ocean is a classic gym or field game for that many kids likely already know how to play. Line the kids up at one end of the gym or field, and pick two or three kids to come to the middle as "taggers." The taggers begin the game by saying "ships across the ocean," and then all the other kids have to run to the other end of the playing area while the taggers try to run after them an tag them. Kids that are tagged can either become new taggers or sit down as immobile taggers. The game continues with rounds or "waves," until all the kids have been tagged. Another variation is allowing the taggers to call only certain people across to run, such as those wearing a certain color.
Three Step
Three Step is a dodgeball variant that can be played with a gym with a group of any number. Several dodgeballs are placed within the gym, and kids are able to move freely about the gym. Anyone can pick up a ball and throw it at someone else. If the ball hits, the person hit is "out" and must sit down. After picking up a ball, the thrower can take three steps before he must throw. If another player catches a ball, the thrower is out. If a ball happens to roll to a sitting player, she may stand and throw the ball at anyone still in, and may come back in the game if she tags that person out. The game proceeds until there is one person left. To quicken the game, add more balls to the playing area.
Capture the Flag can be played in a large area, such as a field or even a park or forest. Two teams each has its own "side," separated by a definite dividing line. Whenever a player ventures into the other team's side, he can be tagged by opposing players and sent to a "jail" area. The goal of the game is to infiltrate the other team's side, grab a "flag" (which can be an actual flag, a football, or any other marker) and return it to their own territory. Players entering the jail area may rescue two of their captured teammates and return with them to their own territory.
Game ideas for kids
Gregory Hamel has been a writer since September 2008 and has also authored three novels. He has a Bachelor of Arts in economics from St. Olaf College. Hamel maintains a blog focused on massive open online courses and computer programming.


Joan Sabaté MD, DrPH, is a Professor of Nutrition and Epidemiology at Loma Linda University School of Public Health where he directs the Center for Nutrition, Lifestyle and Disease Prevention. Originally from Spain, Dr. Sabaté is a board certified physician in Internal Medicine who moved to the U.S.A. to further train in Public Health Nutrition. He obtained a doctorate in Nutrition and a Fellowship in Nutritional Epidemiology.
Dr. Sabaté was the principal investigator of a nutrition intervention trial that directly linked the consumption of walnuts to significant reductions in serum cholesterol, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1993. The Archives of Internal Medicine later published his findings of a pooled analysis of 25 intervention trials establishing the benefits of nut consumption on blood lipid levels and lowering the risk of heart disease. Dr. Sabaté is co-investigator of the Adventist Health Studies, large prospective epidemiological cohorts relating dietary intake with health outcomes. He has been the principal investigator of many clinical trials investigating the health effects of nuts and other plant foods.
He enjoys conducting research and disseminating the findings. He has authored more than 150 research articles in the scientific literature many of them in high-impact journals. He has an H-index of 54.
He is Editor of the reference book Vegetarian Nutrition published by CRC Press, and was the principal architect of the Vegetarian Food Guide Pyramid released in 1987 at the 3rd International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition and redesigned in 2008. He has been chair of the 4th, 5 thand 6th International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition, and edited all these congresses proceedings always published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
For the past 10 years, Dr. Sabaté has directed the Environmental Nutrition research program at the Loma Linda University School of Public Health. This program explores the interrelationships between the environmental and health impacts of food choices, and ultimately seeks to improve the sustainability, health and equity of food systems.
Freitas-Simoes T, Cofan M, Blasco M, Soberon N, Foronda M, Serra-Mir M, Roth I, Valls-Pedret C, Domenech M, Casaroli-Marano R, Ponferrada-Ariza E, Calvo C , Rajaram S, Sabaté J, Ros E, Sala-Villa A. Walnut consumption for two years and leukocyte telomere attrition in Mediterranean elders: results of a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients 2018; 10(12),1907. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121907.
Bes-Rastrollo M, Sabaté J, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fraser GE. Validation of self-reported anthropometrics in the Adventist Health Study 2. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:213 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-213. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/213.


text:
// Provides control sap.m.ToolbarSeparator.
sap.ui.define(['jquery.sap.global', './library', 'sap/ui/core/Control'],
	function(jQuery, library, Control) {
	"use strict";

	/**
	 * Constructor for a new ToolbarSeparator.
	 *
	 * @param {string} [sId] id for the new control, generated automatically if no id is given
	 * @param {object} [mSettings] initial settings for the new control
	 *
	 * @class
	 * Creates a visual separator (theme dependent: padding, margin, line) between the preceding and succeeding toolbar item.
	 * @extends sap.ui.core.Control
	 *
	 * @author SAP SE
	 * @version 1.32.10
	 *
	 * @constructor
	 * @public
	 * @since 1.26
	 * @alias sap.m.ToolbarSeparator
	 * @ui5-metamodel This control/element also will be described in the UI5 (legacy) designtime metamodel
	 */
	var ToolbarSeparator = Control.extend("sap.m.ToolbarSeparator", /** @lends sap.m.ToolbarSeparator.prototype */ { metadata : {

		library : "sap.m"
	}});

	return ToolbarSeparator;

}, /* bExport= */ true);


text:
Fayetteville woman thrown from motorcycle, hit by truck in fatal crash, police say
by: CBS 17 Digital Desk
Posted: Jul 22, 2019 / 09:34 AM EDT / Updated: Jul 22, 2019 / 09:34 AM EDT
FAYETTEVILLE, N.C. (WNCN) — Fayetteville police released more details Monday morning related to a fatal motorcycle crash that occurred Sunday afternoon.
According to police, the incident was reported just after 2:50 p.m. on Santa Fe Drive at the All American Freeway.
A motorcycle and two other vehicles were involved in a wreck.
Viviana Elizabeth Coria, 42, of Fayetteville, was riding her 2010 Honda motorcycle on Santa Fe Drive when a 23-year-old man from Fort Bragg driving a 2006 Hyundai turned in front of her, resulting in Coria slamming into the Hyundai, police said. Coria was thrown from her motorcycle and then hit by a 2014 Dodge Ram being operated by a 63-year-old Fayetteville man, according to authorities.
Coria was pronounced dead at the scene. The two other drivers were not injured, police said.
The crash is being investigated by the police department's traffic unit. Police said more information regarding traffic or criminal charges will be released as soon as it becomes available.
Santa Fe Drive was closed at the All American Freeway until about 5:30 p.m.
Anyone with information regarding the traffic crash is asked to contact Officers with the Fayetteville Police Department's Traffic Unit at (910) 433-1807 or Crimestoppers at (910) 483-TIPS (8477).
More headlines from CBS17.com:
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More Cumberland County News Stories
Cape Fear Valley Medical Center working on fix after victims billed as much as $5,000 for rape kits
FAYETTEVILLE, N.C. (WNCN) - Cape Fear Valley Medical Center admitted it mistakenly sent bills for rape kits to rape victims. Officials said it was an error that happened while switching to a new electronic record system last year.
Victim advocates said there's no excuse and it keeps happening.
Fayetteville police searching for 'armed and dangerous' man wanted on child sex crime charges
by CBS 17 Digital Desk / Jan 21, 2020
FAYETTEVILLE, N.C. (WNCN) — Fayetteville police are looking for an "armed and dangerous" man wanted on multiple sex crime charges involving a pre-teen child, according to a press release.
Detectives are searching for 30-year-old Desmond D. Newton. He is charged with two counts of statutory sex offense by an adult, two counts of indecent liberties with a minor, and two counts of crimes against nature.
Fayetteville mom, infant son safe after being kidnapped at gunpoint, suspect in custody
FAYETTEVILLE, N.C. (WNCN) - Fayetteville police have arrested the man they say kidnapped a woman and her infant son at gunpoint Monday morning.
Police responded to the 4900-block of Tangerine Drive in reference to a home invasion and kidnapping at approximately 1:12 a.m. Monday, police said in a press release.


In the Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, a new super kingdom was erected two years ago called Opisthokontum, recognizing that fungi and animals belong to one Superkingdom. So if we understand the evolution of life on this planet and that we have fungal origins, and understanding how to use these fungi as our hereditary partners can greatly have a positive impact in being able to support life systems on this planet.
Understand these mycelial lenses and how vast they are and then identify, if you can, target 10 edible mushrooms that you can learn how to identify. They are very easy. Morels are very easy. Shaggy Mane?s very easy. Choose the 10 most common edible mushrooms in your area. Learn how to identify them. And then take children into the woods. When you're picking the mushrooms, show the mushrooms come from this hidden, invisible network just beneath the surface of the soil and that these fungi create the very soils that give us life.
My book ?Mycelium Running? is a manual for the mycological rescue of the planet. It is a powerful book. It's one book I think in a series of manuals that people can use to help reverse course or change course. Smallpox doesn't care if you are Republican or Democrat. Smallpox doesn't care about borders. These bioepidemics are going to have a great leveling effect politically speaking because once they emerge out of the landscape we are going to all have to work together very, very rapidly.
That's what I think is happening. It is a growing plague of deforestation that is occurring around our planet. Once the CO2 levels hit 10,000 parts per million, all large animals will die off. That trend is a trend towards which we?re going right now. I wish people would spend more attention to this issue rather than so much of the political cacophony that dominates the airwaves.
My eco or myco challenge would be for every listener out there to indeed go sit with nature and then explore with your hands. Dig into the soil. Smell the richness of the soil and find these mycelial lenses that are all around you. Every mycelial lens outgases fragrant signatures. The forest ecosystems smell so good largely because of the fragrances of the mycelium that are outgassing.
The fungi are the leading edge organisms in nature. Just as the first organisms came to land over 1.3 billion years ago, these fungi are edge runners. And being edge runners they like interface environments. As they go across a habitat, they built food webs that support all sorts of other organisms that ride upon them. So people need to understand that these fungi are extremely powerful environmental healers. And when we engage them purposely, then they can be fantastic allies for helping us repair the ecosystems that we have so severely damaged.
I may be speaking with one voice. This is the voice of Paul Stamets. And all the listeners may be listening in a sense as one individual. But in fact, we are composites. So it is my microbial community speaking to yours. These fungal networks that exist in nature not only are they a great example of networks and resiliency, but I don't think most people know that they are walking upon these things and they breathe life - the absence of which we will have biologically anemic environments.
It was actually a housewife in 1942 who sent in a moldy cantaloupe to a military hospital laboratory in response to the US government's plea to Americans to send your moldy fruit to this one location. From her moldy cantaloupe came a strain of Penicillium chrysogenum that produced 200 times more penicillin than the government had in any of the laboratories. Her strain led to saving millions of lives. The Japanese and the Germans did not have penicillin. But the Americans and the British did.
The majority of modern medicines originate in nature. Although some mushrooms have been used in therapies for thousands of years, we are still discovering new potential medicines hidden within them.
What is most unfortunate is that we are recognizing the role and the importance of these organisms as they are becoming extinct. And like rivets on an airplane, how many species will we lose before we have catastrophic failure? I think that we are top-heavy right now from an evolutionary sense. We are losing the very ground support network that has given us life. If we are not careful, the rule of nature is that when a species exceeds the carrying capacity of its ecosystem, nature revolts.
I propose to you that the mycelium is conscious. There is a consciousness there and we need to engage these intelligent organisms for our mutual benefit. Now whether you believe they are conscious or not doesn't really matter. See what they can do. The proof is in their activity. We have been able to break down diesel and oil spills from 20,000 ppm of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to less than 200 in eight weeks thus being able to clean up habitats so they will rebound with all sorts of other organisms. Otherwise they are anemic, biologically nearly sterile environments and extremely toxic.
It's because the fungi are in constant biomolecular communication with its ecosystem. They are articulate. They are inherently intelligent. We are born from fungi. 600 million years ago we separated from fungi. Fungi are our ancestors. We respire carbon dioxide. So do fungi. We inhale oxygen. So do fungi. Our best antibiotics against bacteria come from fungi. But we don't have very good anti-fungal antibiotics because they harm us because of our close relationship.
The opposite trend will be obvious to listener as a form of ecological suicide. We are engaged, right now, in ecological suicide. If you put a dome over Shanghai, how long would that city survive? One day. Maybe two days. There are regions of this world that, if you amplified them as an example of an ecosystem, there would be no life, certainly not life, as we know it.
When the Earth formed 4.5 billion years ago and coalesced out of stardust, the first organisms first appeared in the ocean. The very first organisms on land were fungi. They marched onto land 1.3 billion years ago and plants followed 600 million years later.
I see the mycelium as the Earth's natural Internet, a consciousness with which we might be able to communicate. Through cross-species interfacing, we may one day exchange information with these sentient cellular networks. Because these externalized neurological nets sense any impression upon them, from footsteps to falling tree branches, they could relay enormous amounts of data regarding the movements of all organisms through the landscape.
Mycelium conforms to string theory and the organization of matter in the universe follows strings of matter. As we go further out in larger and larger dimensions we see these same types of mycelial archetypes throughout nature. Networks are resilient. They survive catastrophes. They are able to re-grow and survive. That is the way of nature. I have the sense that we are part of this larger fabric. We call it same self-recognition. The mycelium grows. It achieves a fabric like structures that gives it the ability to be able to navigate through very complex ecosystems. There are so many examples. I have been fortunate in that this is my time. I am the mycelial messenger perhaps. There are a lot of other - thousands of other people before me and thousands of other people that will come after me. My trust and belief in the deep intelligence of Nature keeps bringing rewards that shock people and that have been verified scientifically and that open up many new opportunities.