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Maya Shankar Is Changing People's Behavior — and Her Own
She used to run a behavioral unit in the Obama administration, and now has a similar role at Google. Maya and Steve talk about the power (and limits) of behavioral economics and also how people respond to change — the topic of her new podcast A Slight Change of Plans.
By Steven D. Levitt
Produced by Morgan Levey
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Steven LEVITT: My guest today, Maya Shanker, is a great example of how with the right mix of talent, confidence, and doggedness, anything is possible.
Welcome to People I (Mostly) Admire, with Steve Levitt.
LEVITT: While only in her twenties, Maya built from scratch the Obama administration's Social and Behavioral Sciences Team. That's the U.S. government's first systematic attempt to integrate behavioral economics into its policies. It's a U.S. version of the highly successful British Nudge Unit, which was launched by Prime Minister David Cameron in 2010 and named after Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein's hugely impactful book, Nudge. She also served as the first behavioral science advisor to the United Nations. And more recently as a global director of behavioral sciences at Google. Still only in her early thirties, Maya might be the youngest guest I've had so far on this podcast and I'm guessing she will bring a big dose of youthful enthusiasm.
LEVITT: I first became aware of you when you were put in charge of the social and behavioral sciences team in the Obama administration. How old were you when that team was created with you as the leader?
Maya SHANKAR: I think I was either 26 or 27. I had no public policy experience at all. I was an academic. I was doing a postdoc in cognitive neuroscience at Stanford at the time.
LEVITT: Had you ever had a real job?
SHANKAR: Never had a real job.
LEVITT: Okay, so your first job was running an agency in Washington?
SHANKAR: Yes it was. What happened is I pitched the White House on creating a new position for a behavioral scientist, and then I just made it my mission to create a team. Because I don't think I was totally qualified for the gig.
LEVITT: So, you just wrote an email to whitehouse.gov and said, "My name is Maya, and I would like to be your advisor." And they said, "Sounds great." Or how did that work?
SHANKAR: I still remember this one moment where I was in the basement of an fMRI laboratory. It was probably my fourth or fifth hour scanning people's brains. And this guy came in and within minutes I'm peering into this person's brain. And I'm thinking to myself, given my personality, I feel like the order of operations is wrong here. I don't know whether this person has children, what his job is, what his favorite ice cream flavor is. I quickly realized that maybe scanning people's brains was not exactly the right choice for me and that I wanted to do something that was a bit more social, working on teams. And so I ended up chatting with my undergraduate advisor Laurie Santos. I'm sure you're familiar with her.
LEVITT: Sure.
SHANKAR: She has this great podcast called The Happiness Lab and she was my mentor starting from the time that I was a freshman. And I said, Laurie, "What do I do?" And she said, "There's this amazing work that's happening in the White House right now where they are using insights from behavioral economics to help enroll low-income students into the free lunch program." The government offers this amazing program for kids to be able to eat at school, but millions of kids were still going hungry because the form was really burdensome and there was a stigma associated with signing your kid up for a public benefits program. The government used the power of defaults. And they basically used existing administrative data on these kids to automatically enroll them in the school lunch program. So now parents only had to take an active step if they wanted to unenroll their kids, not enroll them. And as a result of this policy change, over 12.5 million more kids were now eating lunch at school every day. And it was a light bulb moment for me. I thought, "Oh my gosh, I really want to do this kind of work. I want to be a practitioner of behavioral science." But I had no connections in the political sphere. So I sent a cold email to Cass Sunstein. He is the co-author of Nudge. And he had served as the head of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Obama White House. I just said, "I'm a postdoc, I've published nothing of significance. I have no public policy experience." I even wrote in the email, Steve, that I didn't think I was quote "cool enough" to work with the likes of Obama. "And so if there was a state or local government opportunity, I'd be totally game for that." And thankfully, Cass ignored all of the insecurities and connected me with President Obama's science advisor. And so a week later I was pitching my, soon would be boss, on the idea of building out a new role for a dedicated behavioral scientist in the White House.
LEVITT: So, eventually you have this job. It doesn't sound like it comes with a very big budget or a lot of supporting staff.
SHANKAR: Actually it came with zero budget. There was no mandate, no resources of any kind. This felt like I was trying to build a startup in my parents' basement, genuinely. I had to be as creative as I possibly could when it came to tactics. For example the only way that I was going to get government agencies to work with me on behavioral science pilots is if my colleagues could see the value of this work firsthand — it would be far more compelling if they saw that this was improving their programs and policies than if I just tried to convince them with beautiful prose and some sort of policy document. This involved basically knocking on every door that I could in government saying, "Hey, let's try to align incentives here. What problems are you already trying to solve? And now let me brainstorm based on the tools in my toolbox as to how I can help you achieve those goals." And one way that I tried to build a lot of excitement around these early behavioral pilots was to organize this meeting with a lot of luminaries from academia, so Danny Kahneman was there, and also luminaries within the federal government. I created an admissions ticket for the meeting. A one- or two-page proposal about a behavioral pilot that you would be able to implement within the next three months. And I would work with these folks on these proposals in advance of the meeting. It really generated a lot of enthusiasm. We probably got about 50 proposals in the door as a result — and of course everyone wanted to come. They're like, "I want to meet Danny Kahneman. He's a legend in the field." And so that was a nice way of actually incentivizing people to take the risk of running a randomized controlled trial and in some cases, using behavioral science for the first time.
LEVITT: Let me go back though, because you're a lone-wolf in the White House, you have no budget. And then the next thing I heard you had a conference with 50 different proposals from government agencies. There must've been something in between?
SHANKAR: I was just relentless. I left no stone unturned and I engaged with people at all levels of government. So, of course, I engaged with political appointees, but I really try to tap into the expertise of civil servants. People who had spent decades in the federal government and really understood the veteran's experience, really understood the student loan borrower's experience, really understood what it's like to be a low-income student who's struggling in school. And I try to gin up their enthusiasm for this work and also to learn, in return, exactly where the most promising opportunities were. And let me tell you, the denominator was massive. For every hundred conversations I had, it would lead to one potential collaboration.
LEVITT: That's a pretty good ratio — better than I might've expected. And my own experience is that the lower you go in the organization, the better the information you get. I remember when I did management consulting right after college, my job was to try to get this drug approved at the F.D.A. And I was used to hanging out with the top people, the head of R&D and things like that. But what I learned is that if I got really into the guts of the organization, the people who were designing the studies and who analyzed the data, they knew all the answers. Somehow nobody ever asked them what they thought or what they knew. I found just giving them attention and respect was the secret to everything in making things happen.
SHANKAR: I completely agree. I felt like the civil servants were an untapped resource. Working very closely with people who had been in the government for decades and were planning to be in the government for future decades was a key to the team's success because it would mean that every time a new project idea emerged these colleagues of mine were already bought in. They already felt ownership of the process. And our initial pilots would naturally evolve into sustained multi-year collaborations with government agencies.
LEVITT: In my mind, I'm seeing an army of civil servants lining up behind you, excited to change things, excited to do the hard work it would take to make the programs really great. But my own experience, both in government and in private sector, is that mostly people just want to do today what they did yesterday. And people like you are so annoying. When people like you come around with enthusiasm and really want to change things it just makes life hard. Did you run into a lot of that resistance?
SHANKAR: Oh my gosh. All the time. I remember sending an email to the Department of Education in 2014 proposing an idea and they wrote back saying, "Yeah, absolutely. We can try this in 2017 when our contract renews." Okay. Oftentimes there's very little upside for a government employee to take risks in their job. For example, maybe it's revealed through our randomized control trial that their program isn't as effective as they think. And like you said, it can be annoying to be the one saying, "Hey, try this new thing, try this new thing." I would basically go to the annual budgets, figure out what agencies were already being tasked with or were already deciding they wanted to accomplish. And then working with secretaries, people at all levels of government to try to figure out how insights from our field could help them achieve those existing goals. That was the only workable model. If I had come in and introduced a new goal, a new outcome metric, no way in hell we would have gotten anything done. Had I come in and I was a top ranking official and I just issued a mandate, sure, we might've been effective in those four years. But I'm not sure it would have inspired the kind of lasting cultural change that we continue to see today in government agencies.
LEVITT: I think that's a really wise insight because — I did a consulting firm with Danny Kahneman and others, and we generally came in at this top level. The C.E.O. would say, "Hey, I would love to hire Kahneman-Levitt to go do this." But the middle-level managers would almost always fight us tooth and nail until they finally, just through a war of attrition, outlasted us. And so we rarely got anything done. The problem is, honestly, it is the most painful unpleasant task imaginable to go knock on hundreds of doors and try to build groundswell support for things. It's a really scarce resource to find someone who's both visionary and willing to do that kind of work. Maybe you have to be 26 to be willing to do those things.
SHANKAR: Absolutely. It was very hard work, absolutely demoralizing at times. When you get 80 no's, you're not sure actually that the 81st time you're going to get a yes, you don't have that hindsight telling you "Keep at it, Maya." There were so many times where I thought "There's no way this is going to be successful. I'm one person trying to get the entire federal government and Obama leadership bought into this mission." But I will say, some of my most emotionally touching experiences certainly came from working with civil servants. And a good example of this is — I met a woman named Rosemary Williams who worked in the Department of Defense and she had worked in the department for years, and she was just on the cusp of retirement. And then a month into partnering with us she said, "I no longer plan to retire. You guys have ignited a fire in me that government can in fact be innovative." And she started taking executive education classes. I mean, we saw that happen so many times where people were so excited about behavioral science and it led them to new career paths. And in another example of this, I remember working with a team at the Department of Veterans Affairs. We were trying to get veterans signing up for an employment and educational counseling benefit that they were eligible for after their years of service, but very few veterans were signing up. And so we were working with the V.A. They said, "Look, we basically have no budget, fine. We're okay working with you, but you can only change this one email." Instead of telling vets that they were eligible for the program, we simply reminded them that they had earned it through their years of service. So this is a play on the endowment effect. We might value things more if we own them or feel we have earned them. And that led to a 9-percent increase in access to the benefit. Now, that was a fun result, but actually the true victory was getting the V.A. to run the first A/B test it had ever run. They threw a pizza party when they got their early results and it was so exciting and energizing for this community to now have built the technological apparatus that would let them use randomized control trials in the future.
LEVITT: So, you probably don't know this about me, but I am a skeptic when it comes to behavioral economics.
SHANKAR: Oh, I knew this about you, Steve. Don't worry. And I still agreed to do this podcast. No, I'm just kidding.
LEVITT: For the most part, I think that the behavioral stories, they sound great and they often work well in contrived settings in lab experiments, but with a notable exception of choosing defaults, it seems to me that mostly the impacts of behavioral interventions turn out to be small.
SHANKAR: First of all, I absolutely agree with you. I think your skepticism is well-founded. It's a humbling space to work in, the application of behavioral science, because fundamentally behavioral economics isn't that powerful in a lot of contexts. So, our focus was working on lifting barriers for people who wanted to sign up for a program or take a specific action, but weren't doing so because they didn't have access to clear information or they were deterred by small frictions or features of the program.
LEVITT: When you went to Washington, were you as aware of the limitations in behavior science? Or did you learn along the way, how hard it was to make change?
SHANKAR: I think I was certainly aware of some limitations, certainly that a lot of the effect sizes might be small. Especially because in that first year, I was in quote, proof of concept mode. We had all these grand ambitions of serious program change. You're actually changing incentives. You're changing the structure of choices. You're changing the default design of the policy. But that was all only going to come after I built a strong business case for why the team ought to exist in the first place. And all of that work felt much more in the domain of small tweaks. But of course, many of those effects are modest. That said, if the government were to adopt at scale many of these behavioral insights, and you aggregate all of those smaller results, that can be millions of people who now have access to a benefit who didn't previously. And so the scale of the government is what buoyed my enthusiasm. Because even when you'd see a 3-percent increase in something you would also know that was 80,000 veterans, for example.
LEVITT: Yeah, the scale is a huge, powerful factor. I run a little center here at the University of Chicago called R.I.S.C. And what we've ended up doing over and over is partnering with usually really big firms, because even if we can make only a little impact, if we're working with a firm that touches 50 million people we have a lot bigger impact than we would have if we tootled along on our own. So could you just give us examples of the big wins you had and what was the value of them?
SHANKAR: So, when I was first conceiving the team, the vision of the behavioral sciences team that I'd had was to help actually make the programs themselves easier to access or change the way the programs were administered or structured. So that instead of helping people navigate complicated choices, you actually just make the choices simpler or you offer better choices. One example of this was with the Department of Defense. The Department of Defense was really eager to drive military enrollment in the government's retirement savings plan. But unlike their civilian counterparts, they were not automatically enrolled into these plans. You'd see roughly 87-percent enrollment among civilian government employees, but you'd only see about 42 percent among military service members. The ideal behavioral economics solution would be to just change the default setting. Now at the outset of our time, that was very difficult to achieve. You can imagine that pitching people on a substantial change in retirement policy for 1.3 million employees is a hard sell on day one. So we started with a pilot in which we prompted an active choice. When service members were changing bases, they would need to take a series of enrollment trainings or classes, alcohol and drug abuse counseling, learning about what their benefits were, et cetera. And we inserted into that enrollment process a yes or no choice about whether or not they'd like to sign up for retirement savings. And that was very effective.
LEVITT: How big was that impact right away?
SHANKAR: It was a 4-percentage point increase at the time.
LEVITT: That's typical behavioral economics stuff.
SHANKAR: Exactly.
LEVITT: Small but noticeable.
SHANKAR: Long after my tenure the government decided to automatically enroll all new recruits into the retirement savings plan, which was the ultimate big win. I think the small pilots can help inspire big cultural change or help build support for an argument that's already underway.
LEVITT: So, what's interesting about that to me is the story you just told transcended the Obama administration. And I would have suspected that every trace of anything you did got wiped clean from the government the day the Trump administration took over. It doesn't sound like that's true.
SHANKAR: No, that's not true. My boss, Tom Khaleel. He had worked in the Clinton administration for eight years. He left for Bush and then he came back for Obama and he said to me, "When Bush came into office, it was as though I had spent the last eight years building this elaborate sand castle at the beach, and then one big wave came and crashed it — like basically destroyed the whole apparatus." And so his advice to me was, "You need to make sure that whatever it is you do outlives your personal tenure at the White House. Bake this work into more non-partisan parts of government that will be committed to using behavioral science, even if there's not a Democrat in the White House." So Obama did sign an executive order in 2015, which institutionalized the team that I'd built and issued a mandate to government agencies to apply behavioral insights to policy. Now that executive order persisted during the Trump administration and continues to exist today. But I made sure not to build this team in the White House. And that's because I knew it would be far more transient. So instead, I found a nonpartisan part of government called the General Services Administration and we actually built the team there. So that team actually persisted during Trump and continued to do great work with government agencies. They worked on like G.I. benefits and wildfire assessments and the opioid epidemic. But it is true that I disbanded the White House component on my way out the door.
LEVITT: So, how awful did it feel to you when Trump won? Here you were having the time of your life building something amazing and then it was just taken away from you. What was that like?
SHANKAR: Yeah, I was completely crushed and devastated. I had built this team thinking, if you move away from small tweaks and actually do system level changes, it can have a huge impact. But we had to build so much credibility before we could get to that point of influencing policy that I knew it would only come under a Hillary administration. I was drafting all these policy proposals of things that we would love to see happen and the campaign was so excited about this. And so to see those dreams crushed was really sad. I was actually more just reacting on a personal level, which is, I just felt absolutely heartbroken while also dealing with the fact that I was now going to quit my job and I needed to figure out what my next path would be.
LEVITT: I'm surprised the Biden administration hasn't already reinstated a behavioral sciences team. Would you go back to D.C. if they offered you the job?
SHANKAR: I don't think I would go back. One because I'm very happy with the work I'm doing right now. And I also think the team would benefit from fresh ideas and fresh blood and a new vision for what behavioral science could look like in the context of the Biden administration. Certainly all the documents are in place, but one thing I learned when I was in the government is executive orders don't always self execute. Two years into my tenure, we're briefing President Obama in the Oval and he ends up signing this executive order. And I remember very naively thinking, oh my gosh, this is it. Life is going to be so much easier after this change. But actually no. Certainly it was easier to now point to a document that had Barack Obama's name on it versus Maya Shanker's name on it. But did we still have to work just as hard to try and convince our agency partners to take on these pilots amidst so many competing demands and constraints and risk assessments? Absolutely. So, I think reinstating this team will require finding and making an active effort to recruit people whose sole job is to translate insights from behavioral science to policy. Otherwise, I just don't know if enough activity will happen.
LEVITT: It's interesting to me how differently the U.K. and the U.S. governments approach behavioral economics. In the U.K., it was a central part of what Prime Minister David Cameron was trying to do, politically. It was high profile, lots of staff and support. And in the U.S. you had to send an email, a cold email, to the White House to get hired. Are you surprised by that difference?
SHANKAR: I kept pointing to the successes of the U.K. Nudge Unit, but of course, every country is like, "Oh, but we're different." The behavioral insights team invited me to 10 Downing and to visit their group early on in my tenure at the White House. And I remember thinking, oh man, this is so lovely. Everyone seems like they're on board with this. And then I came back to my home environment and I just felt like every barrier was sitting in front of me. There were so many times, Steve, where we would have worked on a project for eight months, 12 months, two years. And something would happen either politically or due to the budget or someone left. And the whole project would be canned. The failure rate was so high all the time. In order to build trust and transparency with the American people we made sure that in every policy report we shared all the pilots that worked, that were successful, and had positive results. But we also shared all the pilots we ran that had null results or negative results. Cause we wanted to make sure that people were aware of all the activity. I wish we'd also shared how many failed attempts we had to change things.
LEVITT: Forget about the ones that don't work, but the 90 percent of the time and effort that goes into things that never even launch — that's invisible to everyone. Maybe it would be counterproductive — my thought is it will be useful to show people how many failures there are. But I actually think maybe the discouragement effect would be so great that all the people like you, who are doing this inspirational work — if they knew how hard it would be in the beginning, I bet a lot of them wouldn't even begin launching off in that direction. So maybe keep those failures secret.
SHANKAR: I think you're right. I think — this can just be your and my little secret. Okay.
LEVITT: Behavioral economics has this element of manipulation to it. It's trying to take advantage of people's mistakes and inattention to get them to do what you, the behavioral scientist, wants. Do you have any uneasiness about doing that?
SHANKAR: I think there's a few safeguards in place that prevent this work from having a deleterious impact. Number one is the one we already talked about, which is there are just limits on how effective any given nudge can be. The second is just the reminder that there is no default-less state in the world. So every program and policy has a default design that will influence people one way or the other. So, in the same way that, if you go to a restaurant, menu options are listed in a particular order. And we know from research that people are more likely to pick the first option they see from a set of options. Now, in the context of government, if you're a veteran and you're asked to fill out a burdensome application form that requires referencing 16 different tax documents, that's a default too, and chances are that those requirements are nudging them away from accessing the benefits. So, it's really important to remember what the status quo is and whether that's also serving as an implicit nudge, but is actually counterproductive. It's not achieving the program's goals. And then I think the third thing is transparency. All the best nudges work just as effectively when they're transparent. One of my favorite projects in the wild was around helping to curb the opioid epidemic. When a doctor's prescribing opioids for the first time, they go into this online system where they can subscribe a fixed number of pills for that first prescription. And researchers experimented with changing the default number in the system. So rather than it being, for example, 30 days, they changed it down to 14 days. Now doctors can see that there's this difference but it makes them a little bit more thoughtful about what that original prescription is and that led to a significant decrease in prescriptions across that particular healthcare company. When you are transparent with folks, it doesn't backfire. In fact, I think it's a very healthy part of the social contract we're all in.
You're listening to People I (Mostly) Admire with Steve Levitt, and his conversation with behavioral economist Maya Shankar. After this short break, they'll return to talk about learning Chinese and Maya's new podcast A Slight Change of Plans.
LEVITT: Today's listener question comes from Elkin Cruz and Elkin writes, "Hi, Steve. Aren't you afraid of survivorship bias? You keep asking successful people for advice when maybe they're not even capable of comprehending what made them get where they are. What about all of those who did the same as them, but still, never succeeded?" So Elkin, that is a great question. Let me start by making sure everyone knows what we mean by survivorship bias. Survivorship bias occurs when you base conclusions off of a subset of the population who meet a particular set of criteria, assuming that the results will generalize more broadly. For example, let's say you study successful startups and you find that 80 percent of them were founded by men under the age of 30. You might be tempted to conclude that young men are the most successful entrepreneurs. But what if you expand your sample to include not just successful startups, but also all the failed ones, and you find that 90 percent of failed startups were founded by men under 30? Then you'll draw a very different conclusion that young men are less successful on average with startups, they just take a lot more shots at it. So back to Elkin's point. I often ask my guests for advice. Is their advice any good? My guests are extraordinary people and while their approach worked for them, maybe if more regular people like you and me followed their exact same path, we would have failed miserably. That'd be a classic example of survivorship bias. But their advice might be awful for other reasons also. Maybe successful people don't even understand why they've been successful or maybe their strategies were useful for the particular challenges they faced but aren't broadly generalizable. Nonetheless, I really enjoy hearing their advice. I always try to imagine what advice each guest will give. And I'm almost always surprised by what they say. Like when Yul Kwon, the winner of Survivor, suggested that he and others should go live on an island for a while to reconnect with their gratitude for life. Or when Ken Jennings said to make sure not to neglect the things that make you weird. So more broadly, Elkin's question got me thinking — maybe advice from people who haven't achieved their full potential in life might be particularly valuable and interesting. We get advice from successful people all the time, but no one ever asks not so successful people for advice. So I'd like to try something. If you were listening to this and you feel like you were someone for whom things didn't turn out nearly as well as they should have, your talent was squandered or unappreciated, then write me with your answer to the question: What advice would you give to a young person trying to find their place in the world? I will do my best to pull together the answers I receive and report back what I hear. So, send me your advice. The address is pima@freakonomics.com. And now back to my conversation with Maya Shanker.
LEVITT: The answer that surprised me the most so far in talking with Maya is when she said she wouldn't go back to Washington if invited by the Biden administration. It sounded like at the time she loved her government work more than anything. She only stopped because Trump won, she lost her position. But when forced into a change, now she doesn't want to go back. Interestingly, the only other big change I know of that Maya has experienced in her life was when she was forced to abandon a promising career as a concert violinist, due to a hand injury. Despite her doctors advising her to quit, she kept playing for almost another year with just one good hand, before finally giving up at the age of 17. I wonder if she's someone who's the opposite of me, someone who never quits by choice. I'll start the second half probing her about that. And also she's got a new podcast called A Slight Change of Plans. It's generating a huge buzz. I want to find out what that's all about.
LEVITT: So, you were a violin prodigy as a child, a student at Julliard, practicing five hours at a time, and private lessons with the legendary Itzhak Perlman. But for an injury that you suffered, that likely would have been your life's focus. Do you remember what motivated you as a 10-year-old or a 12-year-old to work so hard on something like that? Was it being on stage, or joy in perfection or, enormous amounts of positive feedback from adults?
SHANKAR: Oh, I think I got a lot of negative feedback from adults.
LEVITT: Really?
SHANKAR: If you're studying at Julliard, your teachers are going to be very critical. I'd have about 10 hours of classes over the course of the day. And every teacher has the ability to tell you, "Ooh, this thing, and this thing, and this thing, and ah, you should've practiced this more," whatever. But I think that was actually really useful because it means that I'm very open to being wrong in a lot of situations and updating my beliefs. Because you're not going to get through that kind of intense environment if you can't take a lot of criticism. Fundamentally, one of the things that I love engaging in are pursuits where your inputs feel like they really matter because they're expressed in outputs. The more you practice, the better you become as a violinist. And that's not true in every discipline. You can try your absolute hardest on this latest startup, but then all these market factors and exogenous factors play a role and you just don't have control over the system. But it felt like I could see the translation of my hard work and see it manifested in better playing. And when you choose a pursuit like that, it can be endlessly satisfying because you're not always concerned with the absolute quality of playing, you're concerned with the delta — how much progress you're seeing over time. And that's certainly relevant to my life today. My husband is Chinese, his whole family in China doesn't speak English. And so one of the activities I took up a few years ago was to try to learn Mandarin.
LEVITT: Good luck with that. I tried that too.
SHANKAR: It's very hard. I am elementary at best. But it is so gratifying to see improvement over time. I understood a sentence my Chinese teacher told me today and I know that I wouldn't have been able to do that two months ago. So my drive came from just the joy of getting to see myself be better at something.
LEVITT: So, I adopted two daughters from China, and so I tried to learn Mandarin. I tried really hard. I would say I spent a half an hour a day for a year or more trying to learn Chinese. One of my graduate students was tutoring me and my ear is so bad I actually went to one of those online sites where they would say two tones in Chinese for you. And then you'd have to say which of the tones you had just heard. And I was so bad at it that I decided to start collecting data and it turned out that I literally could have guessed. I was no better than chance.
SHANKAR: I love that.
LEVITT: And I found that very discouraging. That really hurt my progress. Have you tried with your Chinese relatives? Because after all that practice, I went to China and I neither understood a single word that anyone said to me or had a single word I said understood.
SHANKAR: Yeah. So I think in general, I suck at learning foreign languages. I just don't pick things up effortlessly. But Chinese does actually play to my comparative advantage, which is I have a finely tuned ear from my violin days. I would say that my ability to speak is far outpacing my ability to comprehend. So I did go with my husband to China. It was our post-wedding trip. And all these relatives were meeting me for the first time and I was able to produce language and they were able to understand it. But one thing I was struck by were all the regional differences in accents when speaking the language. So, I felt completely demoralized after the trip.
LEVITT: After I adopted my first daughter from China, I literally did not practice Chinese for one minute for the next three or four years until I adopted my second daughter. And on the plane to China, I just memorized and practiced really hard four sentences. I am American. This is my daughter. I adopted her from the orphanage. And then I had my father with me and then — this is her grandfather. And I really worked to pronounce them well. So, every conversation I had in China, I started with my first sentence and no matter what anybody said to me, I would say my second sentence. And then I would say my third and then my fourth. And it was phenomenal. It worked unbelievably well. Every conversation was a huge success. People were like, calling their friends over. And the funny thing was the other Americans who were with me, watched this happen and watched every conversation be so vibrant. They're like, I cannot believe how much Chinese you know. And I never told them that I literally said the same four things in every conversation.
SHANKAR: I do find, actually, I mislead people often because my pronunciation is relatively good because of the musical training. I'll say a few things and then they assume that I must have some degree of proficiency or fluency and I'm like, "No, there's a cap on how much I know here." But I live in the Bay Area, so there's a lot of Chinese-speaking folks here. There's been a few times where I've been walking on the street and a person who might not speak English is lost. They're looking for directions and they see me and obviously you're thinking this person can be of no help to me. So they're trying to sign to me — how do I get from here to there? And I suddenly start speaking in Chinese and this beautiful human connection forms almost instantly. And you feel like you're bonding with people, literally having a conversation that you could not have had in the counterfactual world had you not tried to pick up the language. And those interactions have definitely touched me on a deep level.
LEVITT: So, in the White House and at Google, your job was to change other people's behavior. And in your new podcast, A Slight Change of Plans, it's all about how people respond to life changes. Danny Kahneman always told me that people study things that they themselves personally are really bad at. So is Danny right? Are you bad at change?
SHANKAR: I think I am bad at change. That was probably my big motivation for launching A Slight Change of Plans. In 2020, I was feeling quite overwhelmed by the rapid pace of change around me. I think many people were feeling that and — that you just don't have control. I thought, "Okay, maybe the specifics of what 2020 is throwing our way are unprecedented, but the human ability to navigate change is not. And it's possible that we recruit a very similar type of psychology when we confront various types of change. And so if we can mine people's stories, we can potentially learn some very valuable things that we can use in our own life."
LEVITT: So, what kinds of things do you think we can learn from change?
SHANKAR: I think in my own life, obviously I had a very privileged form of change, which was simply that I was this budding concert violinist and I couldn't play the violin anymore. But it did lead me as a 15-year-old to realize — cause you don't really think about these concepts when you're a kid necessarily, at least in my case, I just let my life unfold. And I think it taught me this control thing is a bit of an illusion. I am the personality type that loves having control, but it takes a while to fully appreciate that. You have to have a few more experiences with change and unexpected change and unwanted change, I think for it to really drill in. There's this concept in psychology called identity foreclosure. It basically refers to the idea that we can settle into a self identity early on and close ourselves off to other alternatives. To your point earlier, I think this is one of the reasons why we as people have a really hard time quitting things and knowing when it's time to move on to the next chapter. I think the fact that I lost the violin at an early age forced me, as a child, to think of my identity as more malleable. That served me well as I've gotten older, because it means that I attach my identity less to the thing that I'm doing at that particular moment of time and instead attach it to a broader cluster of personality traits and the friends that I have, and the activities that I enjoy in life, and what my mindset is, or my beliefs about things. I don't know if you've had this experience too, where you figure out — what does it really mean for me to have a certain identity as a person? And maybe I am just the aggregate of all the things that I think and do.
LEVITT: I think it's such a risky strategy, to put all your identity eggs in one basket. A good example — so my son was a world-class fencer as a high school student. And probably I had as much identity wrapped around that as he did. It was so much fun. We shared so much time with it and then he hurt his knee. And even though it was fencing and he was 14-years-old at the time and who cared, it was a devastating loss to me. I just imagine what it's like for the parents of a professional basketball player or a college football player to suffer such a devastating injury. And it was interesting cause I hadn't really even understood that about myself. How much enjoyment and identity I really got from being, not even the world-class fencer, but the father of a world-class fencer, which is like, incredibly pathetic. But it was eye opening.
SHANKAR: Thanks for sharing that example, because it does remind me of a conversation I had for my new podcast with Tommy Caldwell. He's considered one of the greatest big-wall climbers in the world. He had been taken captive in Kyrgyzstan for six days and nearly died of hypothermia and starvation. He ended up pushing his captor off of a cliff and he had to reckon with the fact that he had done this and he surprised himself. He said he's a meek, softer type and he doesn't believe in killing people. I was just so confident that was going to be the crux of his change story and that that would have informed his climbing identity in the future. Actually, the big change moment for him was that he said his body entered survival mode when he was in the depths of this hypothermia starvation and that he experienced the greatest mental clarity and focus he had ever had in his life. And so since that day, the true motivator for him has been chasing this mental state. And he once even tried to starve himself on a climb to recreate those conditions. But it's propelled him to become the world's greatest big-wall climber. And it has been the thing that he's been searching for and seeking over the course of his life, even outside of the climbing domain. After I had this interview, I thought to myself, Tommy Caldwell is the type of guy who seeks genuine flow states. Climbing is the secondary thing in his life. That's just as a means to an end. But that's actually the thing that's very core to his identity and that he can achieve in a bunch of different disciplines or domains. Like you said, it can be risky to attach your identity to a sole pursuit. And if you identify features of the activity that light you up. I mentioned earlier in the interview that I love the idea of seeing progress — seeing that delta between how I sounded on the violin yesterday and how I sound today. And if you can identify those features, then you can find them in many spaces in your life. And that I think can lead to a sturdier identity.
LEVITT: Have you tried playing violin again since your injury? Or did you just permanently retire?
SHANKAR: I haven't played the violin for what feels like ages at this point. And then my producer said, "Hey, Maya. What if you played the violin for the soundtrack of the podcast?" I was thinking, "Oh my gosh, I don't know if I can do this." But I called my parents, they were going to be flying out here to see us after they got their vaccines, and I said, "Hey, Pops, do you mind just bringing my violin with you?" And I opened it up and it was amazing to me. It is a little bit like riding a bike. I lost so much of my technique, but the fundamentals were still there and I was able to record original music for the soundtrack. So, if you hear the first episode of my show, it's a conversation with Michael Lewis in which I give a preview of what's to come in the season of A Slight Change of Plans. You'll actually hear my violin playing at the end of the episode. And it was incredibly fun to do.
LEVITT: So, I have a theory about leading a happy life. And some of Maya's answers I think were consistent with my theory, which is that the single best predictor of who will be most unhappy in life versus those who will be happiest is that the unhappy people need to feel control over things. Whereas the happy people accept the fact that much of life is beyond their control. Now, admittedly I don't have much evidence in support of this theory. It was initially based on casual observation of the people in my life, some of whom crave control and others who don't seem to. A second piece of evidence, again, not particularly convincing, is that over the last 20 years, I've intentionally and pretty successfully transformed myself from being someone who craves control to someone who accepts the impossibility of having control. And I'm much happier now than I was back then. Of course, a thousand other things have changed in my life over the last 20 years so who really knows. Have others followed my path and let go of the need for control? If so, are you happier now? Has anyone gone the other direction? Not needing control when you were young, but having the desire to control everything grow with age. Is there someone out there who absolutely needs to control everything, but does so with a great sense of joy? I'd be really curious to hear your personal experiences on the subject. If you feel like sharing, you know how to reach me. It's pima@freakonomics.com. I read every email you send. Thanks for listening and take care.
People I (Mostly) Admire is part of the Freakonomics Radio Network, which also includes Freakonomics Radio, No Stupid Questions, and The Freakonomics Radio Book Club. This show is produced by Freakonomics Radio and Stitcher. Morgan Levey is our producer. Dan Dzula and Greg Rippin were the engineers. Our staff also includes Alison Craiglow, Joel Meyer, Tricia Bobeda, Zack Lapinski, Mary Diduch, Brent Katz, Rebecca Lee Douglas, Emma Tyrrell, Lyric Bowditch, Jasmin Klinger, and Jacob Clemente. All of the music you heard on this show was composed by Luis Guerra. To listen ad-free, subscribe to Stitcher Premium. Thanks for listening.
SHANKAR: Hi. Niihau. I'm Maya and I speak a little Chinese and today I'm excited. I'm very excited because I, with Steve, get to chat.


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Tag Archives: Alan Yang
Olivier Martinez to Appear Opposite Maya Rudolph in New Apple Comedy Series
Olivier Martinez is bringing the laughs…
The 55-year-old half-Spanish French actor has landed a heavily recurring role opposite Maya Rudolph in Apple's untitled half-hour comedy series from Emmy winners Alan Yang and Matt Hubbard.
Created and written by Yang and Hubbard, the series follows Molly (Rudolph), a woman whose seemingly perfect life is upended after her husband leaves her with nothing but $87 billion.
Martinez will play Jean Pierre, a handsome, charismatic, romantic billionaire. Jean-Pierre comes from a philanthropic, old money family in France and wants his family's charitable foundation to collaborate with Molly. Although he intends to keep it strictly business, there is an undeniable connection between Jean-Pierre and Molly.
MJ Rodriguez also stars.
Martinez first became known in his native France for his Cesar-nominated performance in IP5: L'ile aux Pachydermes. He went on to star opposite Juliette Binoche in The Horseman on the Roof and in the features Before Night Falls and Unfaithful.
Posted in Entertainment	| Tagged Alan Yang, irish dating site free, best dating site in netherlands, shark tank dating app, Juliette Binoche, Matt Hubbard, Maya Rudolph, MJ Rodriguez, Olivier Martinez, The Horseman, Unfaithful	| Leave a reply
MJ Rodriguez to Star Opposite Maya Rudolph in Apple TV+ Untitled Comedy Series
MJ Rodriguez is taking a bite of the Apple(TV+)…
The 30-year-old part-Puerto Rican actress, currently appearing in the third and final season of FX's Pose, will star alongside Maya Rudolph in Apple TV+'s untitled half-hour comedy series created by Emmy winners Alan Yang and Matt Hubbard.
Rodriguez will play Sofia, the hard-working executive director of the non-profit funded by her absentee billionaire boss, Molly.
Yang and Hubbard executive produce alongside Rudolph through her production company, Animal Pictures, with the company's Natasha Lyonne and Danielle Renfrew Behrens also executive producing.
Universal Television, a division of Universal Studio Group, will serve as the studio.
Rodriguez stars as housemother Blanca in Ryan Murphy's Emmy-nominated and Golden Globe and Peabody Award-winning series Pose.
Rodriguez made history in becoming the first trans woman to win Best Actress in Television for her role in Pose at the 2019 Imagen Awards. She was most recently nominated for a Critics Choice Television Award and an MTV Movie + TV Award, and she won two Gold Derby Awards for her performance as well.
On the film side, Rodriguez starred in indie film Saturday Church, which earned her a Tribeca Film Festival nomination for best actress.
Her other television credits include Nurse Jackie and Marvel's Luke Cage.
Posted in Entertainment	| Tagged Alan Yang, Animal Pictures, Apple TV+, Critics' Choice Television Awards, Danielle Renfrew Behrens, Emmys, FX, Gold Derby Awards, Golden Globes, Imagen Awards, Luke Cage, Marvel, Matt Hubbard, Maya Rudolph, MJ Rodriguez, MTV Movie & TV Awards, Natasha Lyonne, Nurse Jackie, Peabody Awards, Pose, Ryan Murphy, Saturday Church, Tribeca Film Festival, Universal Studio Group, Universal Televison	| Leave a reply
Amazon Gives Straight-to-Series Order to a Comedy Starring Fred Armisen & Maya Rudolph
Posted on September 10, 2017 by Tom Castaneda
Fred Armisen is pairing up with a former SNL costar…
Amazon has a given straight-to-series order to a comedy starring the 50-year-old half-Venezuelan actor/comedian and his former Saturday Night Live costar Maya Rudolph.
The Armisen-Rudolph single-camera comedy was created by Master of None co-creator Alan Yang and Matt Hubbard, reuniting after working together on Parks & Recreation.
The logline is being held under lock and key, but Deadline.com is reporting that Armisen and Rudolph will play a married couple.
The duo will also serve as executive producers on the project.
This marks Armisen's follow-up series to Portlandia, which is finishing its eight-season run on IFC.
Posted in Entertainment	| Tagged Alan Yang, Amazon, Fred Armisen, IFC, Master of None, Matt Hubbard, Maya Rudolph, Parks & Recreation, Portlandia, Saturday Night Live, SNL	| Leave a reply

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Mike Lazaridis, president and co-chief executive officer of BlackBerry parent company Research in Motion, announces the BlackBerry PlayBook at BlackBerryDevCon 2010 on Sept. 27, 2010. See more gadget pictures.
In September 2010, Research in Motion (RIM) executive Mike Lazaridis unveiled the BlackBerry Playbook tablet at a developer's conference. Less than nine months after Apple had unveiled the iPad -- the first really successful consumer tablet device -- BlackBerry entered the tablet wars. But what sets it apart?
RIM launched its BlackBerry line of smartphones in 1999, and they quickly became popular among professionals and executives. The BlackBerry phones combined the features of cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and computers. You could make calls, review your schedule and send e-mails all from the same device. It would be easy to take those features for granted now but in 1999 it was a revolutionary approach in North America.
Since then, BlackBerry's main focus has been on enterprise users. While BlackBerry has launched a few phones for consumers, the company aims most of its products at corporate customers. BlackBerry's promise is to provide devices that integrate with business systems while maintaining strict security measures. The BlackBerry Playbook follows this philosophy.
While the PlayBook has a playful name, it's capable of handling business needs. You can download games for the device but it's really intended to help you conduct work. The PlayBook can interface with BlackBerry smartphones, allowing you to access those features on a larger screen. And just like the smartphones of the BlackBerry line, the PlayBook has built-in security measures designed to protect data.
Let's take a look at the basic features of the BlackBerry PlayBook.
The BlackBerry PlayBook has a 7-inch capacitive touch screen, making it smaller than the iPad 2, which sports a 9.7-inch screen. The screen gives the PlayBook a 1024 x 600 resolution. The PlayBook is also lighter than the iPad 2, weighing in at a mere 0.9 pounds (about 0.4 kilograms). But the PlayBook is a touch thicker than the iPad 2 -- it's 0.4 inches (about 1 centimeter) thick, compared to the newer iPad's 0.34 inches (0.88 centimeters).
The PlayBook has stereo sound with four speakers inside the device. There's also a standard 3.5 mm headphone jack for those who wish to spare their neighbors the sounds of Angry Birds playing in the background. The device also has a pair of microphones -- presumably, RIM included two microphones as a noise-cancellation feature.
The PlayBook has two cameras. The forward-facing camera features a 3-megapixel resolution, which is on the low end for standalone digital cameras but right in the middle of the pack for handheld devices like smartphones or tablets. The rear-facing camera is a slightly beefier 5-megapixel model. The rear-facing camera can record video at 1080p resolution. It also has an HDMI-out port that will let you connect the PlayBook to a high-definition television for video playback.
You can use Bluetooth technology to link a BlackBerry PlayBook with another device such as a keyboard or BlackBerry smartphone. This is one of the key features of the PlayBook -- you can pair the tablet with a BlackBerry smartphone to get service over a 3G network. The phone acts as a wireless modem. You can also connect to your smartphone's address book, e-mail client and other features by tethering the two devices together.
The BlackBerry PlayBook shipped without a native e-mail client or calendar feature. To access those apps, you first must tether the tablet to a BlackBerry smartphone. RIM says that this promotes data security -- should someone steal your PlayBook, they can't access your data because it's not stored on the device. But RIM also says that the device will eventually have its own native e-mail and calendar apps [source: Lomas].
The PlayBook runs a proprietary operating system called QNX. The operating system supports true multitasking -- operations can run in the background without going into sleep mode. The PlayBook also supports Flash and HTML5.
Next, we'll look at what makes the PlayBook tick.
Rumors about the PlayBook's successor popped up even before the PlayBook hit store shelves. News about some features, like a 4G connectivity component, come from RIM itself. But others, such as a larger 10-inch model, emerged straight from the rumor mill.
Rather than port the BlackBerry smartphone OS to the PlayBook, RIM decided to depend upon QNX Software Systems. Research in Motion purchased QNX in 2010, making it a subsidiary company. QNX specializes in building operating systems and middleware for devices. This is the level of programming that allows software to access hardware resources. Without this level of software, apps and programs wouldn't run on devices unless they were hardcoded into the device's circuitry.
The QNX operating system provides a platform for multitasking. Running multiple programs on the PlayBook is easy. Switching between programs is simple as well -- programs appear as cards on the screen. Sliding your finger left or right lets you thumb through active applications. If you want to shut down an application, you can swipe your finger quickly to the bottom of the screen.
The card view and swipe features prompted journalists like Engadget's Vlad Savov to say that QNX copied Hewlett Packard's TouchPad tablet. The TouchPad runs on webOS, an operating system that Palm developed before HP acquired the company. It too uses a card view and swipe interface. RIM executive Jeff McDowell dismissed the criticisms, pointing out that when multiple teams are working on interfaces for a touch-screen device some overlap is to be expected [source: Savov].
To connect the PlayBook to a BlackBerry smartphone, you have to activate an app called BlackBerry Bridge. This creates a secure Bluetooth connection between the PlayBook and the phone. When you initiate the Bridge app, the PlayBook displays a quick response (QR) code on the screen. Scanning this code with a BlackBerry smartphone will prompt the phone to make an encrypted Bluetooth connection with the PlayBook. You can also set up this connection manually -- the PlayBook will display a PIN that you'll need to type into the BlackBerry smartphone.
Once connected to your BlackBerry smartphone, your PlayBook will allow you to check e-mail, calendar appointments and other files through your phone. If the connection between your BlackBerry smartphone and PlayBook should break, these applications will become unavailable automatically.
PlayBook uses a feature common to many tablets and smartphones -- pinch to zoom. Technically, Apple secured a limited patent on pinch-to-zoom technology. Will Apple try to leverage this patent to throw a monkey wrench into RIM's plans?
BlackBerry's PlayBook has stiff competition against Apple's iPad and tablets running on Google's Android operating system.
Although RIM announced the PlayBook the same year Steve Jobs announced the iPad, the PlayBook didn't hit the market until April 19, 2011. By then, Apple had a huge head start -- not only did the iPad debut in 2010 but its successor, the iPad 2, hit store shelves March 11, 2011. Could RIM's device compete against the first tablet computer to succeed in the consumer market?
According to Jonathan Geller, the "Boy Genius," a source within the retail industry revealed that BlackBerry PlayBook sales failed to meet sales targets by around 90 percent. To add insult to injury, the same source told Geller that the return rate on the PlayBook was higher than competing tablets [source: Geller].
RIM representatives refute Geller's source, saying that according to the company's conversations with retailers sales of the PlayBook have met or exceeded expectations. A representative from retailer Best Buy was one such retailer, stating that customers were eager to purchase a PlayBook after getting some hands-on time with it in stores [source: Arghire].
Whether the PlayBook can hold its own against Apple's iPad, the multitude of Android-based tablets and HP's webOS devices remains to be seen. But if corporations adopt the device as the next-generation tool for today's executive, expect the PlayBook to stick around for a while.
Follow the links on the next page to get the play-by-play on mobile devices.


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ADAUSD
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Cardano Seen Hitting Over $0.50 By End Of November, This Algorithmic 'Prophet' Predicts
Cardano (ADA), as it appears, is one of the altcoins which have failed to capitalize on the short-lived rally of the crypto market to once again push its overall valuation to above $1 trillion. In fact, the cryptocurrency was surpassed by Dogecoin in terms of market capitalization as ADA now ranks 9th in that particular list having a total cap of $14.30 billion. At press time, according the data from Coingecko, the asset is trading at $0.4101 and is up by 5% over the last seven days and by 20.1% for the past two weeks. However, one glaring problem with Cardano right now is its 6.1% decline on its month-to-date performance. One month ago, ADA was trading at $0.4316. Related Reading: Why Monero Is Struggling To Crack This Resistance Level Since September Prediction Algorithm Gives Cardano A Bullish Forecast As the crypto space hasn't been severely impacted by the Federal Reserves' recently implemented interest hike, ADA might just have enough breathing room to gain composure and finally push its price to higher levels. This sentiment is reinforced by the prediction of the PyTorch-based algorithm of NeuralProphet which states that Cardano will hit the $0.57 marker by the end of this month. The system, which uses an open-source machine learning framework, has proven its ability to make fairly accurate predictions of future values for the period of July 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022. If this forecast comes true, it would mean a jump of over 40% from its current price for ADA and it will end the year by recovering some of its losses during the extended crypto winter. The asset will need all the help it can get as it is down by more than 80% on its year-to-date performance. A Hidden Signal For A Strong Run The algorithm predicting that Cardano will trade at a higher price range towards the end of the month might have discovered one of the hidden signals that indicate a relatively good run for the crypto asset. While other cryptocurrencies seem to have cooled down after their individual rallies over the last few days, ADA has reached a point where it moved out of the overbought zone. Moreover, its Relative Strength Index (RSI) managed to move on the middle zone, giving the altcoin some room to move past the neutral zone, validating the previous bullish thesis. If this happens, ADA might even supplant Dogecoin from its current position in the top 10 list as it also aims to reclaim the spot that was taken by the dog-themed crypto. Related Reading: Shiba Inu Spurts Over 12% In 24 Hours – Just For The Day Or Will SHIB Soar This Week? XMR total market cap at $2.74 billion on the daily chart | Featured image from Shutterstock, Chart: TradingView.com Disclaimer: The analysis represents the author's personal understanding of the crypto market and should not be construed as investment advice.
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This buckwheat-based cake recipe makes a dense fruitcake packed with flavor.
This buckwheat fruitcake recipe is densely packed with dried fruits and nuts for flavorful, decadent results.
Alice Medrich showcases non-wheat flours in "Flavor Flours," using them as hero ingredients rather than mere substitutes to create a new world of flavor for every curious baker and passionate eater, not just for those living gluten-free.
My favorite version of fruitcake is made with nuts and dried (rather than candied) fruit, and it normally has just enough batter to keep it from falling apart. It's rich and inherently sweet from the fruit rather than lots of sugar, which can also be adjusted to your taste. When I tried using buckwheat flour instead of wheat flour in this treasured recipe, the outcome was so flavorful and so delicious with the cherries and walnuts that I ultimately increased the amount of batter just to get even more buckwheat flavor! The result makes a decadent and rather sophisticated snack, a good midafternoon bite with a cup of tea, or a chic addition to a cheese course.
1. Position a rack in the lower third of the oven and preheat the oven to 300 degrees F.
2. In a large bowl, whisk the flour with the baking soda, baking powder, and salt. Add the brown sugar, dates, apricots, cherries, and walnuts and mix thoroughly with your fingers, separating any sticky fruit pieces from one another. Set aside.
3. Whisk the eggs and vanilla in a medium bowl until lightened in color. Scrape the eggs into the large bowl and mix with a spatula until all of the fruit and nut pieces are coated with batter. Scrape into the prepared pan.
4. Bake for 60 to 80 minutes, until the top feels firm and crusted. Cool in the pan on a rack. Lift the ends of the paper liner and transfer to a cutting board. Use a sharp knife to cut very thin slices. The cake may be stored, airtight, for at least 1 week at room temperature, or longer in the refrigerator.
Reprinted with permission from Flavor Flours: A New Way to Bake with Teff, Buckwheat, Sorghum, Other Whole & Ancient Grains, Nuts & Non-Wheat Flours by Alice Medrich and published by Artisan Books, 2014.


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Dr. Fenton remains my biggest question. She did not take conservative measures that could have likely prevent this. In many respects, she failed to do her job because of education? lack of experience? lack of something that would have had her act in a more proactive way after her meetings with him.
Judge saying he wants to give the jury a lunch. Then closing, then break.
I like hearing different opinions. We have forgotten that not everyone has to agree with each other and different points of view, as long as they don't turn into personal attacks, are good ways to have honest discussions!
I don't think putting a mentally ill person to death is right. I don't think putting a mentally ill individual in jail for life is right either. Putting a person in a mental hospital for life AFTER the crime so he can get help for the mental illness is too late.
ooooh noooooooo!
Judge says he needs more time to finish his review of the objections. Judge is going to ask jury how late they can stay
@ok JH lied to Dr. Fenton when she asked the questions needed to commit him.
@LG We also have Robert Ray on death row.
by Robyn 7/14/2015 5:57:22 PM
Thanks a lot, King.
The defense just can't stop prolonging the inevitable!
by Lori James 7/14/2015 5:58:11 PM
All three of the men now on death row in Colorado are African-American, and all three were prosecuted in Arapahoe County.
by Stacie 7/14/2015 5:58:12 PM
DT wants to limit PT's closing arguments with their objections... IMO
Judge confirming he expects today will last as late as 6p
King was trying to get the Judges attention right as he said "bring the jury in".
Here's what I think - that every one of us who has spent hours upon hours watching this trial should, after it is over, spend an equal amount of time working to either bring about effective gun control regulation or working to bring about awareness/change in the US regarding mental illness/brain disease. Whether James Holmes is executed or spends the rest of his life in jail/hospital will not change a thing, AND IT WILL NOT PREVENT THIS KIND OF TRAGEDY FROM HAPPENING OVER AND OVER AGAIN.
by luce 7/14/2015 5:59:27 PM
okx...the problem is, I think CO law is at fault...Fenton, apparently, needed him to be specific as to people, place, time, etc. I believe she wanted to commit him but could not meet the legal standard...
Judge going to come out around 12:15 to talk about his decisions
Judge is in the court
Judge Samour notes he is limited in timing. "this is not my doing. this is the party's doing"
Judge needs that water... it sounded funny as he was pouring it :)
Agree with you, Luce. You are right, CP is a way to keep the wheel turning in a way that will never have revolution. Sadly, I think that many people for Capital Punishment will see it as time better spent urging the death penalty and more freedom with guns.
To be a little more clear, I was surprised that while yes the victims that testified were emotional at times, but none of them specifically spoke or pointed directly to the defendent
by Nicole 7/14/2015 6:24:27 PM
Wow, I forgot about trial COMPLETELY today. Just signing in... what did I miss? Anyone?
Lay it down, Judge.
Judge is referring to a case ruling out of Washington (captions he is reading here are not from this case)
@Nicole... none of the victims were asked to do that as I remember they only answered the questions asked of them
Doesn't the ability for a prosecutor to present a closing rebuttal gives him a significant advantage over the defendant. What is the rationale?
by Hoddy 7/14/2015 6:26:50 PM
ugh worst feed day ever! ive lost count of how many times ive refreshed and it keeps getting stuck :(
@debitwo: Sorry charlie, signal strength is in the green here though
@Luce, I respectfully disagree. A guilty verdict and especially, a death verdict, may well discourage at the very least, copycat criminals who just want similar notoriety and who are cowardly, never being willing to trade fame for death. That's why we don't use shooter's full name-we use either his initials, the "defendant" , or other descriptors which don't offer him fame. I agree about the need for increased mental health awareness, but he did not have a 'brain disease' as others might. In fact, he researched neurocognitive anomalies for this very defense-'not something a schizophrenic patient could truly have the forethought to accomplish. He is legally sane-this was proven. A judicial penalty WILL prevent future heinous crimes such as this one.
Judge Samour citing case law that attorneys cannot unfairly denigrate experts
I am listening while doing other things and very appreciative of Phil's explanations, particularly when the court is reading examples. I keep thinking when I tune back in that I'm hearing things about this specific case. So, thanks Phil! Your work is appreciated!
by CJ 7/14/2015 6:28:23 PM
@Hoddy the prosecution has the burden of proof so they get the rebuttal.
Our legal expert thinks this is a preamble to siding with the prosecution
No, none of the victims addressed the defendant directly when they testified But they can during the sentencing phase. If/when there is one.
I hope so, Phil.
@ Hoddy-burden of proof is on prosecution. Defendants are innocent until proven guilty, which is why prosecution gets chance for final rebuttal. Hope that helps.
@fascinated- respectfully disagree. I have not opposed the DP, but I also recognize that years of research support the notion that it does not serve as deterrent. And it's certainly not going to serve as deterrent for many who are mentally ill.
by Mr.D. 7/14/2015 6:33:14 PM
@Phil, coming back with the legal team? over lunch?
@NT8: I think we're going to go to the replay I mentioned earlier, so we have a chance to eat too
Judge's quotations done for now. He'll address the objections next
Judge Samour says first batch of objections includes "he deceives everyone" and judge says that is problematic because the evidence doesn't reflect that. Also because it appears to be general attack on character. That slide will be taken out
fascinated - I'm 66 years old now - had beliefs much like yours for most of my life - i.e., death verdicts can discourage people from committing these kinds of acts. Don't believe that anymore - this kind of deterrent simply has not worked. You are coming from the place of a healthy mind - most criminals are not.
Being a victim of a violent crime....it takes much courage to look at the defendant...I did it...and fell apart after I left the courtroom. It gives you a sense of power and also revisits the emotions(fear) of the crime first hand all over again.....so some might not want to look at him.
Judge Samour will allow other slides from that first objection, because they are specific examples of the deceptions the DA is arguing about


This unit is an on screen stereo audio VU meter that displays audio levels on any composite video signal. It is un-used in the original box with power supply and all parts and manuals. Manufactured by HORITA. Special price to move one unit is available.


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Toronto FC, Montreal Impact (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
Atlanta United vs FC Cincinnati: 3 things we learned – all but eliminated by Josh Bouland
D.C. United Vs New England Revolution: 3 things to watch for – A huge three points by Harvey Cruz
Montreal Impact Vs Toronto FC: 3 things we learned – Welcome, Ayo Akinola
by Andrew Dowdeswell 6 months ago Follow @a_dowdeswell
REUNION, FLORIDA – JULY 16: Richie Laryea #22 of Toronto FC celebrates with teammates after scoring a goal in the 8th minute against the Montreal Impact during a Group C match as part of the MLS Is Back Tournament at ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex on July 16, 2020 in Reunion, Florida. (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
On Thursday night, Toronto FC squeezed past the Montreal Impact as Ayo Akinola scored another brace. Here are three things we learned from the 4-3 win.
Toronto FC just about held on against the Montreal Impact on Thursday night. After a bonkers first half which saw five goals in total, Greg Vanney's side saw out the second half, despite some late panic after Saphir Taider's second penalty of the night.
The hero was Ayo Akinola, who notched a hat-trick, bringing his goal tally for the tournament to a league-leading five. Meanwhile, Alejandro Pozuelo provided three assists in a brilliant display of offensive creativity.
Here are three things we learned from Toronto FC's 4-3 win over the Montreal Impact.
REUNION, FLORIDA – JULY 16: Ayo Akinola #20 of Toronto FC celebrates with teammates after scoring a goal in the 25th minute during a Group C match against the Montreal Impact as part of the MLS Is Back Tournament at ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex on July 16, 2020 in Reunion, Florida. (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
3. Alejandro Pozuelo can win MVP
Alejandro Pozuelo enjoyed a brilliant first season as Toronto FC's star attacking midfielder. However, after playing half a season in Belgium and then immediately playing a full season with Toronto, the Spaniard hardly had a rest for 18 months and looked visibly tired later in the campaign. His performances were a little inconsistent as a result.
In 2020, then, with an offseason to rest and recover, Pozuelo now looks back to his very best, and it could lead him to challenge for MVP honours. On this occasion, Pozuelo provided a hat-trick of assists in the first half. He now has one goal and five assists in four appearances this season and is the creative heartbeat of one of the best teams in the division.
With Carlos Vela missing the tournament, Josef Martinez out for the season with ACL tear, and Zlatan Ibrahimovic having departed in the summer, Pozuelo might be the leading the candidate for the award. And based on his supreme performance here, he might just win it.
Next: 2. Thierry Henry needs more quality
MLS Multiplex 6 monthsMLS is Back: Talking tournament tactics - Eastern Conference
MLS Multiplex 7 monthsMLS is Back: Top 3 group stage matches to watch


Anne works with individuals, couples, and families in her therapy practice. Anne's experience and specialties are working with teens and young adults ages 13-30. She utilizes human experience, humor, self-esteem, relationships, development, neuroscience, attachment, art, and play directives in session. Anne is a LGBTQ-friendly provider. Anne has been a member of the Association for Marriage and Family Therapy since 2010.


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Hyderabad »
Ex-firefighter dies during scuffle with cops in Hyderabad
By Y. Sravan Kumar | Published: 6th Jun 2017 12:18 pmUpdated: 6th Jun 2017 7:39 pm
Identity Card of the deceased man. Source: By Arrangement
Hyderabad: A 62-year-old retired fireman died during a scuffle with two policemen late on Monday night, with the Meerpet police on Tuesday booking a case of culpable homicide not amounting to murder against both the cops.
According to the police, head constable Mohammad Khaleed and homeguard S Lokesh were booked after the death of Satish Kumar, a resident of Lalitha Nagar in Karmanghat. The duo had entered into an argument with Satish Kumar when they attempted to stop the music played by a disc jockey during the marriage function of Kumar's niece around 11 p.m. on Monday.
Police said Khaleed and Lokesh had reached the residence of Kumar's brother after they reportedly received a complaint from other local residents over the loud music that was played at the marriage party. As they were asking the DJ to switch off the music, Kumar intervened, and an argument ensued. Suddenly, Kumar became unconscious and collapsed, police said, adding that he was taken to a private hospital nearby where the doctors declared him brought dead. Police, who shifted the body later to the Osmania General Hospital morgue for autopsy, said he was suspected to have died due to a cardiac arrest.
According to N. Ch. Ranga Swamy, Inspector, Meerpet, a case under Section 304 (Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder) of the IPC was registered against Khaleed and Lokesh, based on a complaint lodged by Kumar's relatives, while a case was registered against Kumar's relatives under Section 353 (Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty) of IPC. The DJ has also been booked under the City Police Act for creating nuisance.


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Jayhawks to Host Golden Eagles Wednesday at 7 p.m.
KU game notes for ORU in PDF Format
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For the second straight game, two teams predicted to win their respective conferences will be squaring off in Allen Fieldhouse. Big 12 Conference preseason pick Kansas (1-0) plays host to Mid-Continent Conference choice Oral Roberts (0-1). Kansas' Bill Self spent his first years as a head coach at Oral Roberts from 1994-97 and current ORU head coach Scott Sutton was on his staff there in 1995-96.
About Kansas
Kansas (1-0) won its season opener, 91-57, over Big Sky Conference favorite Northern Arizona last Saturday. Five Jayhawks reached double figures in scoring led by sophomore guard Brandon Rush with 21. Sophomore forward Julian Wright added 16 points and freshman guard Sherron Collins scored 14. Big men Darnell Jackson and Darrell Arthur each added 12 points in the winning effort. Wright and Jackson paced KU with eight rebounds each while Rush and Arthur pulled down six rebounds in the game. The victory was KU's 34th straight home-opening win and 15th season-opening win in the last 16 years. Collins received the first start of his career, while the game marked the return of Mario Chalmers, who missed the second exhibition contest due to injury. Chalmers scored five points and had three steals.
About Oral Roberts
Oral Roberts (0-1) fell 68-65 in its season opener at Loyola-Marymount last Friday. ORU senior Ken Tutt scored a career-high 26 points in the effort, while Mid-Continent Conference Preseason Player of the Year Caleb Green recorded a double-double with 12 points and 12 rebounds. Oral Roberts is coming off a 21-12 season in which it won the Mid-Continent Conference title with a 13-3 record and advanced to the NCAA Tournament for the first time since 1984. Green has been the Mid-Con Player of the Year each of the last two seasons. He and Tutt have been all-conference first teams selections each of the last three years.
Kansas leads the overall series with Oral Roberts, 7-3, but the teams have not played since 1993. The Jayhawks have won two straight in the series, which dates back to 1974. In the last meeting, Jan. 14, 1993, Kansas won 140-72 and the 68-point margin is the second widest margin of victory in Kansas history – 115-45 vs. Brown Jan. 3, 1989.
Kansas opens the Findlay Toyota Las Vegas Invitational when it plays host to Towson on Sunday, Nov. 19. Tip from Allen Fieldhouse is at 7 p.m. and the game can be seen on Jayhawk TV. The Jayhawks will be playing four games within a week as they host Tennessee State Nov. 21 before traveling to Las Vegas to play Ball State Nov. 24 and top-ranked Florida Nov. 25.


NORFOLK, VA IS A GREAT PLACE TO LIVE AND I LOVE DRIVING AROUND AND LOOKING AT ALL THE PRETTY HOUSES!!! I COULDN'T RESIST TAKING SOME PICTURES OF THESE HOMES TODAY-TOO GOOD NOT TO SHARE!
I'M LUCKY ENOUGH TO PULL UP IN THE DRIVEWAY OF THIS GORGEOUS HOUSE EVERYDAY TO PICK UP 3 ADORABLE KIDS THAT WE CARPOOL WITH. THE HOUSE FACES BEAUTIFUL WATERFRONT VIEWS WITH A KILLER DOCK AND FLOATING DOCK THAT THE HOMEOWNERS SHARE WITH THE NEIGHBORS. I LOVE LOVE LOVE BLACK AND WHITE AWNINGS! THIS IS THE PERFECT HOME FOR THIS FAMILY OF 5 AND THEIR GOLDEN PUP.
AMAZING YARD!!!! THIS PLACE IS STUNNING.
LOVE LOVE LOVE THIS DRIVEWAY GATE!!
IF THE KENNEDY'S LIVED IN NORFOLK, THIS WOULD BE THEIR COMPOUND!!THE FRONT FACES THE WATER....BUT NOT A SHABBY BACK VIEW!
DYING TO SEE WHAT BLACK AND WHITE STRIPED AWNINGS WOULD LOOK LIKE ON THIS AWESOME PLACE-LOVE IT!!
TOTALLY A FATHER OF THE BRIDE HOUSE-I LOVE IT!
WISH I HAD PICTURES OF THIS HOUSE FROM THE WATER-AMAZING!!!
HAVE ALWAYS LOVED THIS HOUSE!
I love these homes - I miss Virginia and the beautiful homes! I've always thought if I ever get the opportunity to build my own home I want to go back and take tons of pictures of the great architecture of Virginia. Great post as always. Thanks for all your pins on pinterest...really appreciate it Lucy!!
I love your appreciation for Virginia homes Trisha! I really need to take lots of pics the next time I'm in Richmond...there are some amazing places there too-and Charlottesville as you know-loved seeing your blog tours of those homes!
Yummy! Those are some beautiful homes! I'm always partial to Father of the Bride- type houses, but I also loved the "Kennedy's"! Ha! Thanks for the great pictures!
And come see me and "our" friend Gordon the next time you're in Richmond!!
thanks olivia! we must swing by to see gordon and jamie and my blogging friend!love that yall are neighbors!
i will-that house is awesome! it's on my speedwalking tour!
Came across this on Pinterest and very grateful too! My husband and I are both from southeastern Virginia and miss it everyday. He is a graduate of ODU, and we spent quite a bit of time in Norfolk. Thanks for the lovely pictures.
oh thats great!! thanks for reading my blog!!!! go ODU!
Oh.... these are my favorite style of homes...... love those white gates!
i always love your responses crissy!there's nothing to make a home more charming than a clean white fence! i love them too!
These images of beautiful homes are looking fantastic thanks for the sharing.
Thanks for sharing awesome pics of buildings, I bookmarked this blog further more information.


Want to stake your claim to an enclave before it's even built? Here are three possibilities.
The Department of National Defence (DND) established a rifle range here in 1899. It gradually expanded to a 310-acre military base that DND declared surplus in 1984. On an east-end escarpment bounded by Rockcliffe and Aviation parkways, the National Research Council, and the Montfort Hospital, the site has been the subject of much discussion in the intervening years. The Canada Lands Company (CLC), a Crown corporation that now owns the land, held consultations in 2007, but work halted until a native land claim was resolved in 2011. Consultations restarted in 2012, and CLC hopes to submit a community design plan to the city in early 2014. If it's approved, builders could start buying lots by 2016. Residents of surrounding communities are concerned that the proposed development — which might include up to 11,000 housing units — will create substantial traffic, and a new bridge over the Ottawa River might also throw a wrench in development plans. Stay tuned.


When you wake up on a Sunday and for the first time after a year or so you have nothing to do, feels very strange. So strange that even squeezing oranges and cutting up a bagel in half, spreading salted butter and blackcurrant jam seems, well, again, very strange. I keep feeling that I have to start rushing, so as to sit in front of my laptop with my books and journal articles, like I did every other Sunday since September. Or, worse, I feel like I have to rush to my morning job, then rush to the University and then rush to my desk to work until midnight or later, only to repeat the same pattern the following day. As you may have guessed, rushing was the word which defined my life these last few months, as all I did was work and study, trying to juggle too many apples and oranges up in the air, feeling constantly that I would drop them. The grand plan of working almost full time and studying more than full time was too grand for one person to bear. If the past year were a battle, I appear in front of you, dear reader, injured, with bandages and crutches, barely able to walk, but with a huge smile on my face. Fine, at the moment there is no huge smile, just a feeling that I have somehow won the battle. But most of the time, I still feel quite disoriented.
So much so, that when I decided to slow roast a lamb for the Greek Easter (last Sunday) and went shopping for the groceries, I forgot to buy the main ingredients, fresh rosemary and garlic. I also forgot to buy red dye with which I need to hard boil the Easter eggs so that they turn red. I guess I should be happy I did get the lamb and did not come home with an Easter chicken! That said, on Easter Sunday I am facing the dilemma: leave my comfy pyjamas and warm house to walk all the way to the corner shop and see if they have fresh rosemary and garlic or maybe cook the lamb using dried rosemary and the few (slightly old) cloves of garlic that I discovered in the cupboard?
As I am debating my options, I remember that a few weeks ago we realized that our oven may be broken, meaning that it seems to be unable to roast at 100-150 degrees and, having a life of its own, it goes straight to 200. Maybe the oven is sympathetic to my rough year and is also rushing on my behalf. Which means that now I have to persuade myself and my oven that we do have 6 hours to sit around and wait for the lamb to be roasted while reading a book or watching TV. Hmm…At the moment neither my mind, nor the oven seem to understand this, as they both feel we need to keep rushing.
Back to my problem, I think that in such situations, one has two ways of moving forward: Yes, I could go downstairs to get all the missing ingredients (this lamb definitely needs fresh rosemary), and I could roast the lamb turning the oven on and off, so as to sort of maintain an ideal low-ish temperature. Ooooor, I could just toast the other half of the bagel, make some fresh coffee on my French press and sit leisurely on the couch, listening to music and maybe write for my blog.
Needless to say, the lamb is still in my fridge and that evening we celebrated Easter with some grilled lamb chops which I discovered in the freezer, white hard boiled eggs, an Easter salad (yes, I had managed to get all the ingredients for this one, victory!) and Easter napkins that my parents had sent. It was the least traditional Easter I had ever experienced, but if this year taught me anything, it is that sometimes, no matter how hard you try, things may never be perfect. But less-than-perfect is actually not such a bad thing. Especially if it means having the time and the inspiration to write for the first time in months!


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Home News Local News Arthur Leclerc re-signs with Prema Racing
Arthur Leclerc re-signs with Prema Racing
Monégasque driver Arthur Leclerc has signed on for a second year at F3 team Prema, whilst continuing in the Ferrari Drivers' Academy in 2022.
Leclerc finished 10th in the drivers' standings in his debut season in F3, registering two victories in the process as well as a pole position and second place in the Hungarian Grand Prix.
Last year's team-mate Dennis Hauger ended the season as F3 champion and has subsequently found himself a seat in F2 for next season.
The goal this year for Leclerc will be to reach the heights of his former team-mate, and he says he is excited for the start of the season.
"I am extremely happy to continue the work we started with Prema racing," said the 21-year-old in a press statement. "I think we did a good job last year, and 2022 will be a good opportunity to put together everything we have learned so far. I cannot wait for the start of the season."
Prema team principal Rene Rosin expressed his delight at retaining Leclerc's services, adding, "I am sure that he will carry on the progress we saw in 2021 when he showed he had the potential to be a front runner."
Arthur will be hoping that a positive season will help him progress along the same trajectory as his brother Charles, the current Ferrari F1 driver.
The season gets under way at the same time and place as the F1 season, on 18th March in Bahrain.
Photo source: Ferrari Scuderia Media Centre
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Yacht Club welcomes Monaco Swan One Design...
Local News	Staff Writer - March 5, 2018
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Mx3jwj4zQQ Hot on the heels of October's successful and inaugural Nations Trophy, Nautor's Swan is set to deliver an ever-increasing programme of one-design events dedicated to select models of an iconic yacht brand, including four days in Monaco at the end of March. The Monaco Swan One Design, to be held from March 27-31 and organised in conjunction with the Monaco Yacht Club, is the first event of The Nations Trophy Mediterranean League 2018. "It is a great honour for us to be part of the Nations Trophy Mediterranean League this year alongside prestigious regattas, and reinforces the Principality of Monaco as a mecca for yachting," said Bernard d'Alessandri, General Secretary of the Monaco Yacht Club. Open to ClubSwan 50s, 2018 European Boat of the Year in the Performance Cruiser category, Swan 45s and ClubSwan 42s, this four-day regatta will offer the prospect of tremendous one-design competition for owners and crew alike, Sail-World reports. "With a number of the entrants from The Nations Trophy participating, including Swan 45 Porrón IX from the triumphant Spanish team, the Monaco Swan One Design will be a true early season test for all competitors," explained Nautor's Swan President, Leonardo Ferragamo, who will be skippering his ClubSwan 50 Cuordileone. "We are really looking forward to renewing the rivalries of last year in the spectacular setting of Monte Carlo under the incomparable stewardship of the Yacht Club de Monaco." The Monaco Swan One Design regatta will comprise four days of inshore, windward-leeward racing. Entries have so far been drawn from Germany, Italy, Monaco, Russia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. "For this first edition, we are delighted to welcome owners sharing the same passion for sailing and high-level competition, and who enjoy meeting each other ashore as well as on the starting line," Mr d'Alessandri commented. "Supporting owners and giving them opportunities to satiate their passion is one of our Yacht Clubs' main motivations. Personally, I can't wait to see the spectacular ClubSwan 50 fleet in action. The latest class to come out of the yard, designed by Juan Kouyoumdjian, combines elegance and performance." Following on from the Monaco Swan One Design regatta, the Nations Trophy Mediterranean League comprises three more events: Sail Racing Palmavela, Real Club Nautico de Palma, May 2-5, Palma de Mallorca; Rolex Giraglia Inshore Races, Yacht Club Italiano, June 9-12, Saint-Tropez; and 37th Copa del Rey Mapfre, Real Club Nautico de Palma, July 29-August 4, Palma de Mallorca. Finally, from September 9-16, the historic Rolex Swan Cup will witness an array of top-class competitions, including the ClubSwan 50 World Championship, the Swan 45 World Championship and the ClubSwan 42 European Championship.
Monacology leaves a lasting impression on youth
Something as simple and festive as a helium balloon is actually very dangerous to sea life. This is just one of the lessons kids learned at Monacology.


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Home Community Church COS announces Lenten dramas
COS announces Lenten dramas
Each Wednesday through March 28, Christ Our Shepherd will stage a drama series, "The People vs. Judas Iscariot: The Punishment Phase."
The dramas will be from 7-7:30 p.m. at the church. The audience will serve as the jury as prosecution and defense attorneys present evidence based on the Bible and tradition.
Various witnesses will be "subpoenaed" to testify, including Peter, John and Mary Magdalene.
Actors appearing in all five episodes are Dave Byers, Clint Barbour, JoAnne Pritchett and Tom Rehak.There is no charge to attend.
The church is on the corner of Ga. Highway 54 and Peachtree Parkway.
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The behind the scenes history of Peachtree City — Part 2
District Attorney details criminal convictions for the past year
Georgia's medical marijuana program still bogged down
1 person dead in Porter Road fire that's being termed 'suspicious'
Fayette County High announces 2023 Hall of Fame inductees
Stranger Than Fiction on 2023 General Assembly kicks off with leadership elections: "I wish our national representatives could say with Senator Kennedy: "My office will be here to serve…" Jan 13, 00:37
Stranger Than Fiction on State studies taxing you on how many miles you drive: ""Read my lips" We love to tax you!" Jan 12, 22:20
Lever Up on State studies taxing you on how many miles you drive: "Gotta love the GOP attempting to add more regulations and taxes." Jan 12, 20:15
Stranger Than Fiction on The progressive aristocracy: "Actually, the mainstream media, including CNN and the NYT, are giving this story great significance. It is the lead…" Jan 12, 19:50
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Why Super Bowl Gatorade bath is worth millions to sports drink brand
Of all the traditions football fans have come to expect on Super Bowl Sunday, perhaps none is more anticipated than the "Gatorade bath" that awaits the head coach of the winning team as time expires.
For Gatorade, the surprise sports drink baths at the end of the Super Bowl have been a massive marketing coup. Since 1987, Gatorade baths that aired on television during the Super Bowl have generated more than $20 million in equivalent advertising value across television, radio and other mediums, according to calculations by Apex Marketing, an analytics firm. The Pepsi-owned company paid nothing to gain the additional exposure.
"Gatorade has been provided with a unique proprietary eponym and a marketing windfall in everyday discussions," Eric Smallwood, president of Apex Marketing Group, told FOX Business. "No matter what the cooler branding has on it, or what the actual liquid is in the cooler, it is widely known as the Gatorade dunk, reaping the sports drink more unpaid brand value across all levels of sports."
ELI MANNING RETIRES AS NFL'S HIGHEST-PAID PLAYER EVER
The tradition began during the 1986 NFL season, when New York Giants linebacker Harry Carson started pouring coolers of Gatorade over the head of head coach Bill Parcells after victories. Even Gatorade officials were surprised – the sports drink brand didn't have a direct hand in its invention.
The first-ever championship Gatorade dunk occurred in January 1987, when Carson doused Parcells after the Giants triumphed over the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XXI by a score of 39-20.
SUPER BOWL RINGS: FUN FACTS ON COST, HISTORY AND MORE
"While I wasn't with Gatorade at the time that the dunk began to pick up speed, I've heard from long-time employees that there was some debate about how to handle the astounding publicity windfall, whether to encourage it or just let it be on its own," Brett O'Brien, senior vice president and general manager of the Gatorade brand, told FOX Business. "I am really happy we have all decided to celebrate it through the years, as it's a great expression of pure joy in sports after such extremely hard work throughout a season."
Though it started as a lucky break, the Gatorade bath has become a signature element of the Pepsi-owned brand's dominance of the sports drink market. Gatorade controls anywhere from 70 percent to 80 percent market share depending on the source, dominating competitors like Powerade and BodyArmor. The brand also sponsors many sports leagues and organizations, including the NFL, MLB and NBA.
PEP PEPSICO INC. 174.03 -1.61 -0.92%
The Gatorade bath has gained renewed prominence since the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a federal ban on sports betting. Sportsbooks regularly offer prop bets for customers to wager what color Gatorade will be used.
"The brand is proud that the Gatorade dunk is a beloved football ritual, as much a part of the game's iconography as players' end-zone spikes and celebrations," O'Brien said.
This story has been updated.


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While reviewing a product summary guide from one of our major suppliers, I learned a shocking statistic.


Collect 229 happy grapes per item with your purchase.
Redeemable for 4570 happy grapes.
Lustau brandies mature in a small Bodega in the historical buildings of Calle Arcos. The unique matured taste is given by the development in American oak barrels, which where used for maturation of different Sherries from Jerez de la Frontera before. For three years the Lustau Solera Reserva ripens in Oloroso oak barrels, the Solera Gran Reserva ten years on average in Fino barrels.
Customer evaluation for "Emilio Lustau Brandy de Jerez Solera Reserva"