text:
monash_89033.pdf (3.36 MB)
Below the belt: police use of conducted energy weapons in Australia
posted on 2017-02-17, 03:10 authored by Ryan, Emma Jane
This thesis represents the first critical examination of the proliferation of sublethal weapons in Australian policing. It traces the introduction of such weapons in Australian policing, with an emphasis on Conducted Energy Weapons (CEWs), in particular Tasers®. Using a multi-method, phronetic approach it examines whether the rhetoric used to support the introduction of CEWs is reflected in the policies related to the use of such weapons and in evidence about their use in the field. Phronetic methodology aims to explain social phenomena via the piecing together of large and small details that form the context of events; in this case the introduction of CEWs in Australia, the resulting policies established to control the weapon's use (excluding Tasmania and South Australia where access to the policy documents was refused) and also evidence about its use in practice. This comparative analysis of CEW use in each Australian state and territory is directed at three specific sites: the rhetoric used in relation to the introduction and further justification of CEW use by police across Australia, the policies used to guide police in their use and the available evidence about how CEWs are used in practice. The analysis draws on a broad range of sources incorporating document, news media and interview material. The findings draw attention to the phenomenon of 'mission creep' occurring in Australia, where CEWs have come to be used well outside of their original intended purpose. The thesis shows that this pattern has already been observed in relation to Oleoresin Capsicum spray (OC Spray), which is the other type of sublethal weapon widely adopted by police in Western democracies. It is now being observed internationally in relation to CEWs. The thesis therefore adds an Australian perspective to a growing body of literature suggesting that sublethal weapons' use by police is likely to have a corrosive effect on police/ community relationships and, crucially, on the principle of minimum force. It further argues that the weapons may have a profound impact on the delicate balance of consensual versus coercive policing styles. The analysis is set against the broader history of CEWs, and especially events in North America, where electronic weaponry evolved. Experiences in Britain and New Zealand are also examined briefly. The findings also demonstrate that the reasons for CEW adoption by police across jurisdictions, nationally and internationally, are very similar. It is argued that this is the case because decisions (and policy making) have been based on a series of misconceptions about sublethal weapons' utility. The thesis argues that the problems arising in jurisdictions that use CEWs are so similar as to warrant a set of clear statements about the potential consequences of their inappropriate deployment in Australia. On this basis, this research concludes by making an argument for the importance of establishing strict national guidelines to control the use of CEWs and by offering a range of observations on what such guidelines could look like.
Jude McCulloch
Additional supervisor 1
Dean Wilson
Bree Carlton
AustraliaPolicethesis(doctorate)WeaponsOpen access1959.1/688410Policymonash:89033Accountablilityethesis-20120930-2028422012


text:
Discussion: View Thread
DC - Unit Chief for Fiscal Policy Studies
1. DC - Unit Chief for Fiscal Policy Studies
Annita Gulati
The Congressional Budget Office is a nonpartisan federal agency that provides economic and budgetary analysis to the Congress. CBO's Macroeconomic Analysis Division seeks a manager to lead its Fiscal Policy Studies Unit, which analyzes the macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy and communicates estimates of those effects to the Congress.
The unit chief supervises a team of analysts-most with advanced degrees in economics-and contributes to the division's management. Key responsibilities include identifying issues in fiscal policy requiring attention and research, providing leadership and direction in completing that research and publishing the results, overseeing the development of economic models, and responding to requests from the Congress for information on and analysis of specific topics.
Members of the unit make important contributions to CBO's work, as reflected in The Effects of Pandemic-Related Legislation on Output, Effects of Physical Infrastructure Spending on the Economy and the Budget Under Two Illustrative Scenarios, The Economic Effects of Waiting to Stabilize Federal Debt, and other CBO reports. The unit works closely with staff in the division's Projections Unit and with CBO's other divisions.
Collectively, CBO has devoted a significant effort to developing a variety of analytical tools for assessing the economic effects of changes in fiscal policies and for analyzing how such macroeconomic feedback affects the federal budget. The unit's analyses of issues and legislative proposals provide critical, direct input to the Congressional decision-making process.
Applicants must have a Ph.D. in economics and at least 5 years of experience (or a master's degree with at least 10 years of experience) in analyzing the economic effects of fiscal and other policies. They must be familiar with state-of-the-art macroeconomic models used for policy analysis, such as dynamic general equilibrium and overlapping-generations models. The position requires outstanding leadership, research, and management skills and the ability to manage projects and to motivate and direct a strong professional staff. Solid communication skills are essential, especially the ability to communicate technical material in a clear and concise manner both orally and in writing. Candidates must have a deep interest in contributing to the policy debate and the ability to collaborate effectively in a fluid policy environment.
The salary is competitive with positions in the executive branch and will be commensurate with experience, education, and other qualifications. CBO offers excellent benefits and a collegial, respectful work environment.
Please submit a cover letter, résumé, a brief writing sample, and contact information for three references at www.cbo.gov/careers. To ensure consideration, apply by February 17, 2023. This position is not governed by the Veterans Employment Opportunities Act, as made applicable to CBO by the Congressional Accountability Act, as amended.
© 2023 National Association of State Budget Officers. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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child status 100...The e-mail message could not be delivered because the user's mailfolder is full.
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Joined APSense since, May 21st, 2007, From Melbourne, Australia.


Permanent Cosmetics Makeup, also known as Micropigmentation is a name for modern application of the age-old art of tattooing. Micropigmentation provides a safe, natural looking alternative or enhancement to a daily makeup routine. Cosmetic Tattoo is a process where pigments are permanently inserted into the dermis of the skin. The result is a lasting waterproof color that remains fresh and beautiful, no matter what is your activity.


text:
New blood for city's chartered management accountants
Birmingham has played host to the largest Chartered Institute of Management Accountants new members' celebration outside London.
11:37, 30 SEP 2010
Nearly 100 newly qualified chartered management accountants celebrated their achievement in a special ceremony at the University of Birmingham.
The organisation said the new members were now equipped to play a role in repairing the globe's financial infrastructure and in helping both the private and public sectors towards a sustainable future.
Welcoming the new members and guests, CIMA president George Glass said: "Despite a decline in recruitment and concern about job losses in the public sector, there is an ongoing shortage of skilled professionals – and one of the most sought-after groups in this 'battle for the best' are those with a management accounting background that will help them achieve long-term, sustainable success."
Meanwhile, the results for the regional Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (CISI) UK candidates' wealth management exams have been published.
Paul Ord, who works in the Birmingham office of Quilter, achieved the best overall result in the Applied Wealth Management (AWM) exam and the highest distinction.
Mr Ord said: "After all the hard work, I am delighted to have achieved this result.
"Quilter is committed to delivering the highest levels of client service and the CISI plays an important role in helping us, as wealth managers, to build a profession in which investors can have confidence."


text:
Home / Celebrities
Kylie Minogue2 Poster
Size: 19 3/4″ x 30″
Condition: Very Good – Rolled
Kylie Minogue2 Poster quantity
Kylie Ann Minogue was born on 28 May, 1968. The eldest of three children, Kylie's acting career began early, but it was her role as "Charlene" in the Australian soap, Neighbours (1985), which established Kylie as an international star. Her singing career began, purely by accident, when a record company executive heard Kylie's rendition of Little Eva's 1962 hit, "The Loco-Motion". She signed with PWL Records and hit-makers Stock/Aitken/Waterman in 1987. Five albums and a greatest hits compilation followed, and she made history by having more than 20 consecutive top ten hits in the UK. Her motion picture debut came with the starring role of "Lola" in The Delinquents (1989). She left PWL Records in 1992 to head in a decidedly more mature musical direction, and her self-titled debut on deconstruction records was released in 1994, spawning chart hits like "Confide In Me" and "Put Yourself In My Place". Kylie's doings were always a favorite subject of the press, but she really made waves with her controversial 1995 duet with Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds, "Where the Wild Roses Grow". 1997 saw the release of Kylie's first single in more than 3 years, "Some Kind of Bliss", co-written and produced by James Dean Bradfield and Sean Moore of The Manic Street Preachers.
"Bio from IMDB"


Bangalore, October 6 2018, A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between Manipal ProLearn, the professional learning arm of Manipal Global Education Services (MaGE) and global information solutions company Equifax .
he MoU aims at creating industry-ready professionals specialized in data science and analytic skills for the Banking Financial services and Insurance (BFSI) sector. All students enrolling in Data Science programmes of Manipal ProLearn will benefit.
Manipal Global will enhance the learning experience for its students by updating their curriculum with case studies and other industry inputs. Equifax will hold regular webinars and classroom sessions to help train the students of Manipal Global about data analytics in the BFSI industry. Also, Equifax India will continuously evaluate students of Manipal ProLearn for placement in their Analytics team. In the recent placement season, Equifax made four offers of employment to students of the PG Diploma program in Data Science.


text:
By Design (1993) 0 Word Processor DOS
By Design is an add-on set of document design utilities, fonts, and clipart for WordPerfect. Graphics include lead characters, page borders, graphics fonts, and page headers. Templates include newsletters, letterheads, title pages, and business forms.
Celebrity (1987) 2 Word Processor DOS
Celebrity is a powerful word processing program that includes a Speller, Thesaurus, Forms System, Report Writer, Calculator, Calendar, and File Cabinet. It was advertised as a solution for novice users, however the command based interface makes it less than user friendly.
Chart-Master (1985) 3 Presentations Graphics DOS
Chart-Master, originally introduced in 1981 by Decision Resources, Inc., was the first software that could produce presentation quality graphics with a plotter on a personal computer. Decision Resources also produced Sign-Master and Diagram-Master. They were acquired by Ashton-Tate in 1986. This program was also bundled in the Master Graphics Presentation Pack.
ChiWriter (1990) 3 Word Processor Mathematics DOS
ChiWriter is a WYSIWYG scientific text editor for DOS. Created by Cay Horstmann in 1986, it was one of the first that could write mathematical formulas on common PC computers.
CO/Session (1992) 0 Communications DOS
CO-Session is a remote communication access program that supports remote control, file transfer, automates session, and promoted itself as faster and more powerful than Carbon Copy Plus.
COMit (1994) 0 Communications DOS Windows
COMit, from TradeWind Software, is a small, lightweight, and easy to use telecommunications terminal emulator for MS-DOS systems. OEMs commonly bundled it with modem hardware.
Company Ladder (1990) 0 Presentations DOS
Company Ladder is a budget oriented tool that specialized in making corporate organizational charts. It could handle large numbers of entries and print high quality graphs.
CompuServe Information Manager (1989) 3 Communications DOS
CompuServe Information Manager is the client software used for accessing the CompuServe service.
Corel Presentations (1995) 1 Presentations DOS
Corel Presentations (which is often referred to simply as Presentations) is a presentation program akin to Microsoft PowerPoint and OpenOffice.org Impress.
Correct Grammar (1989) 0 Word Processor Utility DOS
Correct Grammar is a grammar checking and analysis tool for DOS. Correct Grammar incorporates technology from the Houghton Mifflin CorrectText system.
CorrectStar (1984) 0 Word Processor Utility DOS
CorrectStar, from MicroPro International, is an add-on spell checker for WordStar 3.3. It was sold both bundled with WordStar and separately. Later versions of WordStar integrated the spell checker.
Crosstalk (1983) 0 Communications DOS
Originally released in 1982, Crosstalk XVI, from Digital Communications Associates Inc of Alpharetta, Georgia, is a powerful telecommunications program for the IBM PC with many scripting features. "XVI" means "16", and refers to the powerful new 16-bit x86 CPUs found in IBM PC's and compatibles. It was followed up by the MK 4 and Communicatior products.
XVI 3.3x
MK.4 2.x
Communicator 2.x
Dac-Easy Word (1987) 0 Word Processor DOS
DAC-Easy Word is a budget word processor package. It can have up to four document windows open, can work with large-ish documents, supports macros, features drop-down menus, built-in help, and includes a mailing list manager.
Dan Bricklin's Demo (1988) 0 Presentations DOS
Dan Bricklin's "Demo" is a tool for creating tutorials, interactive application demonstrations, and interface prototypes. It has a powerful scripting system, with the ability to store and manipulate both text and graphics screens, and a redistributable runtime. author of VisiCalc. Demo was first released in 1985 by Dan Bricklin's consulting firm Software Garden. It was later sold under Peter Norton Computing, and then Sage Software.
II v2


Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy has announced his retirement. President Trump responded by providing a list of 25 candidates, who have all been vetted. His standard is a highly qualified jurist that will stick to the constitution and the law. Democrats have rejected every candidate on this list without bothering to learn anything about these candidates.
The math is really simple. Democrats need to defend 25 seats. Republicans need to defend nine seats. Unless Democrats run the table and win every close race, odds are that Republicans will increase their majority in the Senate.
With regard to refusing to approve judges, Democrats have pulled this crap before. Republicans let Bill Clinton appoint radical leftists like Ginsburg. But when George W. Bush was elected, Democrats tried to prevent Bush was getting any judges confirmed. That only changed when a compromise was reached in 2005 by seven Democrats and seven Republicans. Most justicial appointments by Bush were grudgingly approved, but Republicans were stopped from removing the right to filibuster.
Well it sure looks like the new normal now and the Harry Reid nuclear option has blown up in Democrat's face. Republicans can and and probably will confirm Trump's nominee. The only real hope for Democrats is to find some serious dirt on whoever Trump chooses. If he chooses wisely they are in big trouble.
Democrats are more likely to embarrass themselves than they are to stop Trump from appointing a Supreme Court justice. Democrats may be starting a war they cannot possibly win. A war that could result in a lot of casualties in pursuit of the impossible dream. In addition, if they lose this war, they lose their base.
Democrats are missing something really important. You can't beat somebody with nobody and whether you like him or not, Donald Trump is somebody. His name recognition is off the charts. This reminds me of when Arnold Schwarzennegger ran for Governor of California. Everyone thought he was a joke candidate, until he won. People failed to realized that Schwarzennegger was a big star. Some people liked him, some people hated him, but not one could take their eyes off him.
Donald Trump is a bigger star than Schwarzenegger. Democrats have nobody.The more Democrats attack Donald Trump, the more he looms over them. They are just embarrassing themselves in the process.


Download this entire tutorial as PDF right now!
ASP.NET - Web Forms, MVC, Core?
Try running the project, enter your name in the textbox and press the first button. The name will be saved in the ViewState and set to the Label as well. No magic here at all. Now press the second button. This one does nothing at all actually, it just posts back to the server.
As you will notice, the NameLabel still contains the name, but so does the textbox. The first thing is because of us, while the textbox is maintained by ASP.NET it self. Try deleting the value and pressing the second button again. You will see that the textbox is now cleared, but our name label keeps the name, because the value we saved to the ViewState is still there!
ViewState is pretty good for storing simple values for use in the form, but if you wish to save more complex data, and keep them from page to page, you should look into using cookies or sessions, as described in the previous chapters.


text:
package org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.web.endpoints;

import org.apereo.cas.CentralAuthenticationService;
import org.apereo.cas.audit.AuditableContext;
import org.apereo.cas.audit.AuditableExecution;
import org.apereo.cas.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.apereo.cas.authentication.principal.PrincipalFactory;
import org.apereo.cas.authentication.principal.ServiceFactory;
import org.apereo.cas.authentication.principal.WebApplicationService;
import org.apereo.cas.configuration.CasConfigurationProperties;
import org.apereo.cas.services.ServicesManager;
import org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.OAuth20Constants;
import org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.profile.OAuth20ProfileScopeToAttributesFilter;
import org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.services.OAuthRegisteredService;
import org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.util.OAuth20Utils;
import org.apereo.cas.support.oauth.web.response.introspection.OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse;
import org.apereo.cas.ticket.InvalidTicketException;
import org.apereo.cas.ticket.accesstoken.AccessToken;
import org.apereo.cas.ticket.accesstoken.AccessTokenFactory;
import org.apereo.cas.ticket.registry.TicketRegistry;
import org.apereo.cas.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.apereo.cas.util.HttpRequestUtils;
import org.apereo.cas.util.Pac4jUtils;
import org.apereo.cas.web.support.CookieRetrievingCookieGenerator;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import lombok.val;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.pac4j.core.credentials.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.pac4j.core.credentials.extractor.BasicAuthExtractor;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * This is {@link OAuth20IntrospectionEndpointController}.
 *
 * @author Misagh Moayyed
 * @since 6.0.0
 */
@Slf4j
public class OAuth20IntrospectionEndpointController extends BaseOAuth20Controller {

    private final CentralAuthenticationService centralAuthenticationService;
    private final AuditableExecution registeredServiceAccessStrategyEnforcer;

    public OAuth20IntrospectionEndpointController(final ServicesManager servicesManager,
                                                  final TicketRegistry ticketRegistry,
                                                  final AccessTokenFactory accessTokenFactory,
                                                  final PrincipalFactory principalFactory,
                                                  final ServiceFactory<WebApplicationService> webApplicationServiceServiceFactory,
                                                  final OAuth20ProfileScopeToAttributesFilter scopeToAttributesFilter,
                                                  final CasConfigurationProperties casProperties,
                                                  final CookieRetrievingCookieGenerator cookieGenerator,
                                                  final CentralAuthenticationService centralAuthenticationService,
                                                  final AuditableExecution registeredServiceAccessStrategyEnforcer) {
        super(servicesManager, ticketRegistry, accessTokenFactory, principalFactory,
            webApplicationServiceServiceFactory, scopeToAttributesFilter, casProperties, cookieGenerator);
        this.centralAuthenticationService = centralAuthenticationService;
        this.registeredServiceAccessStrategyEnforcer = registeredServiceAccessStrategyEnforcer;
    }

    /**
     * Handle request.
     *
     * @param request  the request
     * @param response the response
     * @return the response entity
     */
    @GetMapping(consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE,
        produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE,
        value = {'/' + OAuth20Constants.BASE_OAUTH20_URL + '/' + OAuth20Constants.INTROSPECTION_URL})
    public ResponseEntity<OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse> handleRequest(final HttpServletRequest request,
                                                                                final HttpServletResponse response) {
        return handlePostRequest(request, response);
    }

    /**
     * Handle post request.
     *
     * @param request  the request
     * @param response the response
     * @return the response entity
     */
    @PostMapping(consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE,
        produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE,
        value = {'/' + OAuth20Constants.BASE_OAUTH20_URL + '/' + OAuth20Constants.INTROSPECTION_URL})
    public ResponseEntity<OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse> handlePostRequest(final HttpServletRequest request,
                                                                                final HttpServletResponse response) {
        try {
            val authExtractor = new BasicAuthExtractor();
            val credentials = authExtractor.extract(Pac4jUtils.getPac4jJ2EContext(request, response));
            if (credentials == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("No credentials are provided to verify introspection on the access token");
            }

            val service = OAuth20Utils.getRegisteredOAuthServiceByClientId(this.servicesManager, credentials.getUsername());
            if (validateIntrospectionRequest(service, credentials, request)) {
                val accessToken = StringUtils.defaultIfBlank(request.getParameter(OAuth20Constants.ACCESS_TOKEN),
                    request.getParameter(OAuth20Constants.TOKEN));

                LOGGER.debug("Located access token [{}] in the request", accessToken);
                var ticket = (AccessToken) null;
                try {
                    ticket = this.centralAuthenticationService.getTicket(accessToken, AccessToken.class);
                } catch (final InvalidTicketException e) {
                    LOGGER.info("Unable to fetch access token [{}]: [{}]", accessToken, e.getMessage());
                }
                val introspect = createIntrospectionValidResponse(service, ticket);
                return new ResponseEntity<>(introspect, HttpStatus.OK);
            }
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
        val introspect = createIntrospectionInvalidResponse();
        return new ResponseEntity<>(introspect, HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
    }

    private boolean validateIntrospectionRequest(final OAuthRegisteredService registeredService,
                                                 final UsernamePasswordCredentials credentials,
                                                 final HttpServletRequest request) {
        val tokenExists = HttpRequestUtils.doesParameterExist(request, OAuth20Constants.ACCESS_TOKEN)
            || HttpRequestUtils.doesParameterExist(request, OAuth20Constants.TOKEN);

        if (tokenExists && OAuth20Utils.checkClientSecret(registeredService, credentials.getPassword())) {
            val service = webApplicationServiceServiceFactory.createService(registeredService.getServiceId());
            val audit = AuditableContext.builder()
                .service(service)
                .registeredService(registeredService)
                .build();
            val accessResult = this.registeredServiceAccessStrategyEnforcer.execute(audit);
            return !accessResult.isExecutionFailure();
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Create introspection response OAuth introspection access token response.
     *
     * @param service the service
     * @param ticket  the ticket
     * @return the OAuth introspection access token response
     */
    protected OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse createIntrospectionValidResponse(final OAuthRegisteredService service, final AccessToken ticket) {
        val introspect = new OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse();
        introspect.setClientId(service.getClientId());
        introspect.setScope("CAS");
        introspect.setAud(service.getServiceId());
        introspect.setIss(casProperties.getAuthn().getOidc().getIssuer());

        if (ticket != null) {
            introspect.setActive(true);
            val authentication = ticket.getAuthentication();
            val subject = authentication.getPrincipal().getId();
            introspect.setSub(subject);
            introspect.setUniqueSecurityName(subject);
            introspect.setExp(ticket.getExpirationPolicy().getTimeToLive());
            introspect.setIat(ticket.getCreationTime().toInstant().getEpochSecond());

            val methods = authentication.getAttributes().get(AuthenticationManager.AUTHENTICATION_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
            val realmNames = CollectionUtils.toCollection(methods)
                .stream()
                .map(Object::toString)
                .collect(Collectors.joining(","));

            introspect.setRealmName(realmNames);
            introspect.setTokenType(OAuth20Constants.TOKEN_TYPE_BEARER);

            val grant = authentication.getAttributes().getOrDefault(OAuth20Constants.GRANT_TYPE, StringUtils.EMPTY).toString().toLowerCase();
            introspect.setGrantType(grant);
        } else {
            introspect.setActive(false);
        }
        return introspect;
    }

    /**
     * Create introspection invalid response.
     *
     * @return the o auth 20 introspection access token response
     */
    protected OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse createIntrospectionInvalidResponse() {
        val introspect = new OAuth20IntrospectionAccessTokenResponse();
        introspect.setActive(false);
        return introspect;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Precision measurements in your hand!
This tutorial is for the Mitutoyo digital calipers we carry in the Adafruit shop. They're the best calipers one can get and we're pleased to offer them. We've put together a basic usage guide here to help people get started.
This guide was first published on Jul 29, 2012. It was last updated on Jul 29, 2012. This page (Overview) was last updated on Apr 18, 2019.


The National Institutes of Health is a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the Nation's medical research agency.
The Natural Resources Defense Council is a group of activists that includes scientists, lawyers and policy advocates.
Major adverse events from natural causes (often weather) that sometimes have a large loss of human life or cause great economic effects. Hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, and tornados are all considered natural disasters.
Non-potable water is water that is not suitable for human consumption typically due to a high bacteria or virus count. Sometimes non-potable water might also be called "reclaimed water". Although inappropriate for drinking, non-potable water can be used in other ways, such as watering lawns or replenishing wetlands.
NSF International is actually not an abbreviation, but a stand-alone term. While NSF used to stand for National Sanitation Foundation, it was officially changed to NSF International in 1990, because the group had expanded its services so extensively. NSF International provides third-party certification on water filtration systems. They rigorously test products for their performance, and certify those which are proven to perform specific functions. NSF Certified standards like: standards 42, 53, 58, 401 & P473—are examples that cover a whole host of contaminants.


text:
Inequality, agriculture and climate change: From a vicious to a virtuous circle
A transformation is urgently needed in the world's food system to make it more resilient to climate change and to reduce its emissions, explains the Executive Director of the CGIAR System Organization in an op-ed.
By CIMMYT
Farmers in low- and middle-income countries are benefiting from CIMMYT's improved maize and wheat varieties, suitable for drought- and disease-affected areas. (Photo: Apollo Habtamu/ILRI)
A new urgency is being felt on climate change. Schoolchildren are striking, there are protests in the streets, and politicians across the world, including the UK, are pushing to call climate change a national emergency.
A cruel irony is that climate change will not be felt equally by all—those who have contributed the least to rising temperatures are set to suffer the most.
Read the full op-ed authored by Elwyn Grainger-Jones, Executive Director of the CGIAR System Organization, in Diplomatic Courier's special G20 Edition.
Publications 15 Aug 2017
New Publications: New environmental analysis method improves crop adaptation to climate change
Annual Report 2018 launched
Harnessing the power of partnerships and innovation.
Conservation agriculture works for farmers and for sustainable intensification
Agriculture leaders of eastern and southern Africa encourage wider adoption of conservation agriculture for the benefit of farmers, consumers and the environment.


text:
Caution: Tin Slumps Into Bear Territory
By Commodity HQ May 09, 2013 12:05 pm
Copper futures have soared with help from Chinese reports, but tin has not been so lucky.
Industrial metals have been on somewhat of a bumpy road so far in 2013, though recent price movements in the copper market have made investors think twice about this corner of the commodities world. Last week, copper futures soared after several encouraging reports from China, the world's second largest economy and one of the largest consumers of the metal, helped boost optimism for copper demand. Though copper's outlook has improved, there is one industrial metal that has not benefited from the rally: tin.
Though often overlooked, tin has long been an appealing choice for commodity investors thanks to its widespread use in industrial applications and its inflation-hedging capabilities. A recent report by Morgan Stanley, however, indicates that there may be trouble ahead for the silvery white metal.
Lower Prices Threaten Production
Indonesia, the largest shipper of tin, recently reported exports of the metal jumping 20% to 26,805 tons in the first quarter, marking the highest level on record for the period. On May 1, however, tin plummeted 20% from its closing high on January 18, placing the metal in bear market territory. Morgan Stanley notes that such a drastic decline in prices will likely curb shipments from Indonesia, since suppliers are quick to respond to lower prices.
New regulations from the Indonesia's 30-member tin mining association also pose several problems for the metal. New rules will force smelters to increase the tin content of cargoes and reduce lead and cadmium levels, which will ultimately force them to produce higher-grade tin, but at a higher cost.
As such, producers have already started cutting stockpiles and production; Morgan Stanley estimates that this year's supply shortage will be around 800 tons, while consumption is estimated to rise 5.8% to 358,000 tons.
And while tin futures are not reflecting the predicted shortages now, investors may want to keep a close eye on the metal to see how the rest of the year pans out.
For those looking to track price movements via exchange-traded funds, the Dow Jones-UBS Tin Total Return Sub-Index ETN (NYSEARCA:JJT) is currently the only option. So far in 2013, the fund is down nearly 14%:
Follow us on Twitter @CommodityHQ
Editor's note: This article by Daniela Pylypczak was originally published on Commodity HQ.
More by Commodity HQ


I currently run a hosting company that specializes in hosting for small businesses. My company is unique in that I provide personalized support for each client and offer them a variety of options to meet their needs.
These range from invoice-based billing for those who are not comfortable paying online to offering customized e-commerce hosting packages with SSL certificates and ultra-fast SSD drive for their new web store.
Unlike most affiliate programs, I will pay out monthly to all accounts, no minimum amount required, meaning that you actually get paid!
Would you actually sign up for any of these affiliate programs if they were available? Which one looks best to you?
Special Offer: Sign Up Here and Get $5 instant Affiliate Bonus on your dashboard.
I also have custom dedicated server packages with no setup costs.


text:
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NewsDate: 07/21/2022
Parallel Breaks Ground on 750-Bed Student Housing Development to Serve Students at Texas A&M University in College Station - COLLEGE STATION, TX - Parallel, an Austin-based real estate development firm, has broken ground on a 750-bed property at 401 First Street that will serve students attending Texas A M University and m...
Toll Brothers Apartment Living Breaks Ground on Flagship 422-Unit The Lindley High-Rise Apartment Building in San Diego - SAN DIEGO, CA - Toll Brothers Apartment Living, the rental subsidiary of Toll Brothers, Inc. (NYSE: TOL), the nation s leading builder of luxury homes, announced the groundbreaking of The Lindley, a ...
Tortoise Properties Secures $88.5 Million Construction Loan for 264-Unit Luxury Apartment Development in West Palm Beach - WEST PALM BEACH, FL - Tortoise Properties, LLC, a privately held commercial and residential company headquartered in Palm Beach County, secured a $88.530 million construction loan and will begin buil...
FCP Expands Colorado Multifamily Portfolio With $55 Million Acquisition of 252-Unit Heights on Huron Apartment Community in Northglenn - NORTHGLENN, CO - FCP and joint venture partner Avanti Residential announce the $55 million acquisition of Heights on Huron, a 252-unit garden apartment community at 10648 Huron Street in Northglenn, ...
Cottonwood Group and Texsun Holdings Acquire 636-Unit Multifamily Housing Portfolio in San Antonio's Thriving Northeast Submarket - SAN ANTONIO, TX - Cottonwood Group, a private equity real estate investment firm, announced that it has acquired a 636-unit multifamily portfolio located in San Antonio, Texas with Dallas-based Texsu...
TerraCap Management Completes Acquisition of 288-Unit Eleven 85 Apartment Community in Atlanta's Upper Westside Neighborhood - ATLANTA, GA - TerraCap Management, a privately held investment firm with its headquarters in Naples, Florida, announced the acquisition of Eleven 85, a 2014-built, 288-unit apartment complex located ...
Hamilton Zanze and DCA Partners Acquire 255-Unit Residences at Waterstone Apartment Community in Baltimore Submarket - BALTIMORE, MD - San Francisco based real estate firm Hamilton Zanze (HZ) partnered with DCA Partners to acquire the 255-unit Residences at Waterstone in Pikesville, Maryland. Cushman Wakefield repr...
Capital Square Acquires 312-Unit Retreat at Arden Farms Apartment Community in Fast Growing Suburb of Asheville, North Carolina - ASHEVILLE, NC - Capital Square, one of the nation's leading sponsors of tax-advantaged real estate investments and an active developer of mixed-use multifamily communities, announced the acquisition ...
Thompson Thrift Residential Completes Disposition of 324-Unit The Retreat Apartment Community in Corpus Christi, Texas - CORPUS CHRISTI, TX - Thompson Thrift Residential, a wholly-owned company of Indianapolis-based Thompson Thrift, announced the sale of The Retreat, a 324-unit multifamily community located in The Dist...
Embrey to Expand Single-Family Rental Portfolio With 276-Unit Collection Champions Circle Development in Fort Worth, Texas - SAN ANTONIO, TX - Embrey has closed on land for the company's second single-family rental development project, Collection Champions Circle. Located in Fort Worth, Texas, the 22.9-acre property will f...
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text:
Gonzaga's Conference Isn't Holding It Back Anymore
Apr. 2, 2021 , at 6:00 AM
The talent-rich Bulldogs faced one of their toughest schedules, and it's paying off now.
By Jake Lourim
Filed under College Basketball
PHOTO ILLUSTRATION BY EMILY SCHERER / GETTY IMAGES
As they prepared for a conference home game against the University of the Pacific on Jan. 23, the Gonzaga Bulldogs were 14-0 and ranked No. 1 in Ken Pomeroy's adjusted efficiency rankings. That night, they scored 1.28 points per possession, led 34-8 midway through the first half and won 95-49. But by the time they took the floor again, five days later against San Diego, they had fallen to No. 2 in Pomeroy's rankings. Such is the difficulty with measuring an elite team in an otherwise lackluster conference.
Over the past two decades, the Bulldogs have become one of the nation's top men's basketball programs, with appearances in 22 straight NCAA Tournaments and 10 top-four seeds in that span.1 They've also failed to win a national championship, with their closest bid coming in 2017 against North Carolina. On paper, this weekend brings Gonzaga's best chance to snag that title. The Bulldogs have an 83 percent chance of knocking out UCLA in the Final Four on Saturday and a 52 percent chance of cutting down the nets on Monday, according to FiveThirtyEight's model.
No matter how many times a top-20 Gonzaga team reaches the Sweet 16, the school never seems to escape the question of whether a powerhouse from a mid-major conference can survive six single-elimination tests in a row, usually against increasingly difficult competition. It's true that while 12 conferences have reached the Final Four this century, and 10 have gone onto the title game, only six can claim a national champion.2 But if the stereotypical mold of a Gonzaga title contender is one whose flaws are exposed against an elite opponent after months of West Coast Conference blowouts, these Bulldogs are different in at least three ways: They're well-rounded; they played one of the toughest schedules in school history; and their conference is as strong as it has ever been.
Gonzaga has its strongest team under Few
The Gonzaga men's basketball team by strength of schedule (SOS) and Simple Rating System (SRS) under coach Mark Few
2020-21 30-0 5.10 28.23 1 In national semifinal
2019-20 31-2 3.13 22.70 — No tournament
2018-19 33-4 5.01 27.79 1 Lost in Elite Eight
2017-18 32-5 2.59 18.43 4 Lost in Sweet 16
2016-17 37-2 4.13 25.26 1 Lost in national final
2015-16 28-8 4.23 16.92 11 Lost in Sweet 16
2013-14 29-7 5.36 15.56 8 Lost in round of 32
2010-11 25-10 4.01 13.86 11 Lost in round of 32
Source: Sports-Reference.com
Mark Few's team this year is not only the No. 1 team in Pomeroy's efficiency metric but the highest-ranking team in his database, going back to the 2001-02 season. By that metric, the Bulldogs are 8.1 points better per 100 possessions than the current Baylor squad, which is a historically strong No. 2 team, and 1.9 points better per 100 possessions than the 2014-15 Kentucky team that finished 38-1. That Kentucky team is the only team in the past seven years with a higher Simple Rating System number than Gonzaga's 28.23 — also the best in school history.
related: What To Watch In A Star-Studded Final Four Read more. »
This is also a highly regarded Gonzaga team from a talent perspective, with two of the four highest-rated signees (Jalen Suggs and Drew Timme) in program history. Suggs has a chance to supplant Adam Morrison, the No. 3 overall pick in the 2006 NBA draft, as the highest-picked Bulldog ever.
As for Gonzaga's oft-maligned schedule, Few stacked this year's nonconference season with a slew of high-major opponents: Iowa, Virginia, West Virginia, Kansas and Auburn. The Bulldogs beat them all — and all but West Virginia by double digits. As a result, Gonzaga's strength of schedule is its third-toughest in the past 60 years according to Sports-Reference.com, just a shade behind the 2013-14 and 2014-15 teams. Entering the NCAA Tournament, Pomeroy's site ranked Gonzaga's schedule 94th. By that metric, even teams like Arizona State and Butler,3 which were competitive in major conferences this season, would have been expected to go about .500 against Gonzaga's schedule.
The nonconference foes are only part of that. The West Coast Conference is the eighth-strongest in college basketball this year,4 with six teams in Pomeroy's top 100. BYU held up as the second-best of Gonzaga's regular-season opponents, per Pomeroy's ratings, even as the Bulldogs beat the Cougars three times, including a 10-point victory in the WCC title game.
related: The Baylor Bears Are Bad News For Opposing Offenses Read more. »
Of course, assuming Gonzaga advances to the national championship on Monday, either potential matchup would give Gonzaga its strongest opponent of the season. (Baylor is second in Pomeroy's rankings, and Houston is third.) But in an interesting twist, Gonzaga's strength of schedule rating (5.10) is largely comparable with Baylor's (6.04) and Houston's (4.86), despite Baylor's grueling Big 12 season.
Given that Gonzaga just reached its sixth straight Sweet 16, and that the Bulldogs are the highest-rated program in Pomeroy's rankings5 not to win a national championship, it's fair to view the program through the lens of that elusive title. And it's true that since 2002, when Gonzaga earned its first top-eight seed in school history and became a first-round favorite, it has underperformed relative to seeding expectations. This team, though, has departed from the defining traits of past contenders. As long as they're in the WCC, the Bulldogs may never fully test themselves as a high-major peer would — but this year, they've done about as much as they can.
Check out our latest March Madness predictions.
What makes LeBron James so great | FiveThirtyEight
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What makes Patrick Mahomes so great? | FiveThirtyEight
The 2020 tournament was canceled, but Gonzaga was projected as a No. 1 seed then, too.
The ACC, SEC, Big East, Big Ten, Big 12 and the American Athletic Conference (during Louisville's one-year stop in the AAC between the Big East and ACC).
Pomeroy's strength of schedule metric indicates the adjusted efficiency margin of a team that would be expected to go .500 against that schedule. Gonzaga's strength of schedule was rated at +7.82 on March 15, similar to the efficiency ratings of Arizona State (7.66) and Butler (7.35) at that time.
Behind the Big Ten, Pac-12, Big 12, SEC, ACC, Big East and American Athletic Conference.
Since the 1996-97 season.
Jake Lourim is a freelance writer in Washington. He most recently worked for the Louisville Courier-Journal. @jakelourim
College Basketball (192 posts) March Madness (189) NCAA Tournament (96) Men's College Basketball (45) Gonzaga Bulldogs (26) 2021 Men's NCAA Tournament (8)


The headwaters of the Ogeechee River are located in the southeastern edge of the Piedmont Province. In the headwaters, the North and South Fork Ogeechee Rivers join to form the Ogeechee River which runs 245 miles in a southeasterly direction to the Atlantic Ocean.
The Ogeechee River Basin is located entirely in the State of Georgia and drains approximately 5,540 square miles. The River's drainage to the coast plays a significant role in forming Wassaw, Ossabaw, St. Catherines, Blackbeard, and Sapelo islands.
Wetlands comprise 13 percent of the basin.
The Ogeechee River is a blackwater stream and one of Georgia's few remaining free flowing rivers.
The Ogeechee River is the dominant waterbody in the basin, while its principal tributary, the Canoochee River, drains approximately 1,400 square miles and is the only other major river in the basin.
With intimate swamps and bottomland hardwoods adjoining the river, the Ogeechee River Basin retains a pristine quality and provides food, water, and shelter for large numbers of raccoon, deer, otter, beaver, and mink.
Trees found in the wetter areas include tupelo and cypress, and the bottomlands support water oak, laurel oak, red maple, swamp blackgum, and sweet gum.
The river has a namesake tree, the Ogeechee lime (Nyssa ogeche), whose bright red fruits are found floating in quiet eddies of the river during the fall.
Several rare plants are also found near the river, including pitcher plants, witch-alder, needle palm, spider lily, and others.
The fish fauna of the Ogeechee River Basin includes American shad, redbreast, crappie, striped bass, shellcracker, and catfish. The endangered shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) breeds in the basin.
The Ogeechee River Basin provides drinking water for nearly 394,000 people in the state of Georgia by municipal or privately owned public water systems.
The basin contains one community public water system utilizing surface water and serving 2,800 people, and 355 community public water systems utilizing groundwater and serving roughly 368,000 people.
Currently, the Ogeechee River Basin contains only two surface water withdrawal permits, one industrial and one municipal.
There are no municipal water supply storage reservoirs or hydroelectric plants in the Ogeechee River Basin.
NPDES Discharge Permits: As of 2018, there are approximately 67 facilities, including industries and municipalities, authorized to discharge wastewater into the Ogeechee River Basin pursuant to NPDES permits.
As of 2018, the EPD had issued 1,852 agricultural water withdrawal permits in the Ogeechee River Basin.
One impoundment is found on the Ogeechee River, at Ogeechee River Mill, not far from the headwaters.
Forestry is a major part of the economy in the Ogeechee River Basin.
Agriculture represents a significant land use activity in the basin, supporting a variety of animal operations and commodity production.Bullock and Tattnall Counties rank in the top ten with respect to swine production.
A.H. Stephens State Historical Park: This site combines the recreational opportunities of a state park with the educational resources of a historic site.
Fort McAllister State Historical Park: Nestled among giant live oaks and beautiful salt marsh, this park offers a museum of Civil War artifacts as well as camping, hiking, fishing and picnicking facilities.
Hamburg State Park: For more information, visit https://www.gastateparks.org/Hamburg/.
Blackbeard Island National Wildlife Refuge: The Island's 5,618 acres are characterized by a series of long, low parallel ridges forested mainly with live oaks and slash pines. It is accessible only by boat. Arrangements for trips to the refuge can be made at Shellman's Bluff or the public boat ramp on Harris Neck National Wildlife Refuge can be used as a launching site for trips to the island. Blackbeard Island offers a variety of recreational activities year-round, including bird watching, hiking trails, fishing in two freshwater ponds and saltwater creeks, and archery hunts for deer.
Wassaw National Wildlife Refuge: The 10,053-acre refuge includes beaches with rolling dunes, maritime forest, and vast salt marshes. The refuge is bordered by the Wilmington River and Wassaw Sound on the north, the Vernon River and Ossabaw Sound on the south, and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. Refugee visitors may enjoy recreational activities such as birdwatching, beachcombing, hiking and general natural studies. For more information, visit https://www.fws.gov/wassaw/.
305(b)/303(d) ListingsIn the Ogeechee River Basin, there are approximately 46 rivers and streams listed on the 2012 integrated 305(b)/303(d) list as waters not supporting their designated uses. These impaired waters include roughly 539 miles of rivers and streams in the Ogeechee River Basin.
Paleo-Indian societies arrived in the area of the Ogeechee River around 11,500 years ago, and the river was settled for several centuries by the Mississipians and Yuchi until the arrival of Europeans.


text:
The Wild Pansy is also known as Heartsease and is a native perennial.
Quite common throughout Britain on grassland and waste ground but rarer in Ireland.
The Wild pansy has been commonly associated with love.
The Wild Pansy (Heartsease) is a common wild flower, growing as an annual or short lived perennial. It is the progenitor of the cultivated Pansy, and is why it is now known as Wild Pansy.
As the old name implies, Heartsease has a long history of use in herbalism. It has been recomended, among other uses, as a treatment for epilepsy, asthma, skin diseases and eczema. It has expectorant properties, and so has been used in the treatment of chest complaints such as bronchitis and whooping cough. It is also a diuretic, leading to its use in treating rheumatism and cystitis.
The flowers have also been used to make yellow, green and blue-green dyes, while the leaves can can be used to make a chemical indicator. Long before cultivated pansies were developed, Heartsease was associated with the thought in the "language of flowers", often by its alternative name of Pansy (from the French "pensee" - thought): hence Ophelia's often quoted line in Shakespeare's Hamlet, "There's pansies, that's for thoughts". What Shakespeare had in mind was Heartsease, not a modern garden Pansy.
Shakespeare makes a more direct reference to Heartsease in A midsummer Night's Dream. Oberon sends Puck to gather "a little western flower" that maidens call "Love-in-idleness". Oberon's account is that he diverted an arrow from cupid's bow, aimed at "a fair vestal, throned by the west" (supposedly Queen Elizabeth I) to fall upon the plant "before milk-white, now purple with love's wound". The "imperial vot'ress" passes on "fancy free", destined never to fall in love. The juice of the Heartsease now, claims Oberon, "on sleeping eyelids laid, Will make man or woman madly dote Upon the next live creature that it sees". Equipped with such powers, Oberon and Puck control the fates of various characters in the play to provide Shakespear's essential dramatic and comic structure to the play.


text:
Q: Error while using @microsoft/sp-dialog in SPFX TS1005 When using Dialog class from sp-dialog, gulp serve throws the error.
Created an SPFX project with react framework. installed sp-dialog with the following command.
npm install --save

in the .tsx file, I used the following lines of code.
import { Dialog } from '@microsoft/sp-dialog';

Dialog.alert('Hello world');

When use gulp serve or gulp build, the following error is thrown.

Error - typescript -
  node_modules@microsoft\sp-dialog\node_modules@microsoft\sp-core-library\lib\deferredClass\DeferredClass.d.ts(25,24):
  error TS1005: ';' expected.

A: Late, I know, but there's a solution here: https://blog.mastykarz.nl/temporary-workaround-sharepoint-framework-dialogs/
Use
import { Dialog } from '@microsoft/sp-dialog/lib';

instead.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
#include "src/gpu/cl/ClQueue.h"

#include "arm_compute/runtime/CL/CLScheduler.h"
#include "arm_compute/runtime/CL/CLTuner.h"

namespace arm_compute
{
namespace gpu
{
namespace opencl
{
namespace
{
CLTunerMode map_tuner_mode(AclTuningMode mode)
{
    switch(mode)
    {
        case AclRapid:
            return CLTunerMode::RAPID;
            break;
        case AclNormal:
            return CLTunerMode::NORMAL;
            break;
        case AclExhaustive:
            return CLTunerMode::EXHAUSTIVE;
            break;
        default:
            ARM_COMPUTE_ERROR("Invalid tuner mode");
            break;
    }
}

std::unique_ptr<CLTuner> populate_tuner(const AclQueueOptions *options)
{
    if(options == nullptr || options->mode == AclTuningModeNone)
    {
        return nullptr;
    }

    CLTuningInfo tune_info;
    tune_info.tuner_mode = map_tuner_mode(options->mode);
    tune_info.tune_wbsm  = false;

    return std::make_unique<CLTuner>(true /* tune_new_kernels */, tune_info);
}
} // namespace

ClQueue::ClQueue(IContext *ctx, const AclQueueOptions *options)
    : IQueue(ctx), _tuner(nullptr)
{
    _tuner = populate_tuner(options);
}

arm_compute::CLScheduler &ClQueue::scheduler()
{
    return arm_compute::CLScheduler::get();
}

::cl::CommandQueue ClQueue::cl_queue()
{
    return arm_compute::CLScheduler::get().queue();
}

bool ClQueue::set_cl_queue(::cl::CommandQueue queue)
{
    // TODO: Check queue is from the same context
    arm_compute::CLScheduler::get().set_queue(queue);
    return true;
}

StatusCode ClQueue::finish()
{
    arm_compute::CLScheduler::get().queue().finish();
    return StatusCode::Success;
}

} // namespace opencl
} // namespace gpu
} // namespace arm_compute


text:
Q: What are the important properties that categories are really abstracting? I have read some things in category theory and watched some lectures. There is a part of some lectures given by Steven Roman, on YouTube. At these lectures, he talks a bit about the process of abstraction, from what he said and from what I have observed until now, lets take an example of abstraction: Groups.
It seems that the whole usage of the concepts of groups depends on two phases: Identification and inheritance of properties. We first name some axioms (in this case, the axioms of group theory) and without mentioning any specific group, we deduce things with the previously given axioms and with this, we can deduce an arbitrarily long chain of theorems. Now if we can identify that some mathematical object behaves like a group, then this mathematical object inherits all the chain of deduced theorems and this is good because the step of identification is really small $\tiny( \text{we just need to check the axioms})$ compared to what the step of identification would be if we had to check every axiom and theorem. So, here I have a small hint of why the abstraction is made because I know some theorems of group theory and I have a fair guess of why these theorems would be important.
Now, changing the example, we can jump to categories and this is where I get lost. I understand that we can deduce things in categories and for certain categories, everything that was deduced is valid for any suitable category, that is: If we identify something as a category, then it inherits all those theorems deduced from categories. But now, I have no clue of why abstraction is made, nor which theorems would be important nor how they go from category to Its materialization in concrete mathematical objects.
There is also another thing: The idea of comparing categories, this seems even more misterious. What do we gain from being able to compare categories? Are there examples of relevant/important categorical comparisons at the level of elementary mathematics? Say: Real/Complex Analysis, Topology, Algebra and Combinatorics at an undergraduate level? I'm sorry if this question is bothersome but I guess Its the most organized and honest bunch of questions I could make.

A: Consider the following objects, which I allow myself to make brief and imprecise descriptions in order not to make this answer painfully extense:

*

*The Stone-Čech compactification - Given a topological space, we want to make a big compact space which extends sufficiently many functions.

*The quotient of a vector space - We identify vectors on a given subspace.

*The quotient of a topological space - We identify points on a topological space, "gluing" things together.

*The completion of a metric space - We want a complete space which has as a dense subspace our original metric space.

*The tensor product - We transfer multilinear information to linear information.

*The universal cover - See here.

*The free abelian group generated by a set - We want to generate a "formal" abelian group which has as generating elements the elements of a set.

*etc (free group, direct limits, inverse limits,...)

All those examples, which may seem disjoint at first, are all an instance of the concept of "universal property", having defined the adequate categories.
For examples of functors, we have:

*

*Homology.

*The matricial representation of linear maps.

*The fundamental group.

*The chain rule.

*Dualization of vector spaces (and more generally of modules (and more generally $Hom$ of a category itself))

*Tensorization

*Presheaves

*etc

What point am I trying to make? The point is: the important property that categories are really abstracting is structure itself. Category theory endows a mathematician with a capability to soar through the fields of mathematics with a broad vision. More than "inheritance of properties", there is identification of a common underlying structure. The naturality of such idenfication comes with time and experience.
And all the above is an understatement. The distillation process which category theory provides is a powerful tool in several aspects. For example, it is common to have a situation where we want things to exist and they are imposed by some condition. And the imposition commands the definitions, and proofs are matter of routine checking. This is true, for example, in the isomorphism theorem. And the list goes on.


After acquiring his powers and facing off against the Lizard in The Amazing Spider-Man, things are going to get stepped up a notch for Peter Parker in The Amazing Spider-Man 2, which will introduce Electro, Green Goblin and Rhino amongst potentially even more villains and supervillains. Based on the trailers so far, it looks like we'll be in for quite the series of epic super-powered brawls.
While all that is going on, however, Gwen Stacy isn't content to just sit at home darning Peter's spider socks. Having graduated Valedictorian and been accepted in Oxford University, she's getting ready to leave her superhero boyfriend and set out for a new life in England. It's a difficult situation. Peter could simply relocate to Oxford and spend his days rounding up the drunk students who go out on a Saturday night to write graffiti in Latin, but that would leave New York without a superhero to defend it.
The potential impending separation of the two lovebirds is the subject of a new featurette released today over at Mail Online. Peter and Gwen (real-life couple Andrew Garfield and Emma Stone) continue to engage in endearing banter, but in interview clips with the actors and production team it's hinted that the two of them are headed towards a make-or-break point.
Those who are familiar with the way the Gwen Stacy/Peter Parker romance played out in the comics might think that they know what's coming, especially given the fact that Gwen wears a pretty iconic outfit in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 and is present for a showdown between Spider-Man and Green Goblin, but there's no guarantee that things will play out the same way in the movie version.
What's interesting about the dilemma facing Peter and Gwen is that it's not a problem exclusive to superheroes. Plenty of young sweethearts have to make hard decisions about whether to sacrifice love in favor of following their dreams. Of course, not everyone has the luxury of being able to write "I LOVE YOU" in huge letters on a bridge as a romantic gesture.
The Amazing Spider-Man 2 arrives in theaters on May 2, 2014.


I plan my year because writing a book is just part of my plan. I want to create a life in which I attain the highest version of myself that I envision for myself. I am on a life journey in which I work to manifest my soul mission. For that to happen, I have to be focused and diligently working towards my dreams every day.
I was an extreme go-getter at work, pushing the status quo, planning and prioritizing my tasks and days for maximum performance and excellence. Yet, in my personal life, I tended to live day by day, seldom planning anything and doing what I pleased based on the whim of the moment. I realized that the difference between these two parts of my life was that I intentionally set goals in my work life and made plans to achieve them, backed by deadlines, tasks and a "failure is not an option" mentality.
I realized that if I was going to achieve my personal goals, I had to be just as conscientious when it came to my personal life. I had to plan out my personal goals and commit to achieving them or they may never happen. I had to plan my private life just as I planned and prioritized my professional life.
It's important to not just know what you want to do and plan it out, but to revisit your plans regularly in order to keep them in the forefront of your thoughts. I tried many organizing methods in an effort to find the system that worked best for me. You may find a different planning method that works better for you, but in case you want to try it out, here is a link to a journal organizer called: The Passion Planner. I love it!
Don't get me wrong, I believe in going with the flow and not getting stuck in too much rigidity; however, I have also learned that I have a lot of ideas and I can't do them all successfully at once. If I try, the output is not as excellent and it it takes me way longer to do many things at once rather than focusing on one task at a time and giving it my all.
I've planned out my year because I have multiple steps that I want to achieve in order to reach my end goal. Each step is intentionally planned to set me up for success in the next endeavor.
I take the time at the beginning of the year and align my vision and goals to identify what needs to be done so that I do not waste time recreating it over and over again throughout the year.
To ensure that I am consistently and positively working towards my end goal, I make specific plans. I know what my over arching vision is and I break it down into a managed plan with yearly, quarterly, monthly, weekly and daily goals that enable me to prioritize my time.
Then I continue working towards my quarterly milestones by completing the tasks that support achieving those goals every day.
My plan helps me identify a clear destination and potential obstacles that might prevent me from achieving my goal. These challenges provide inspiration for creative solutions towards a proactive plan to help sustain and give my vision momentum.
I'm not always great about being laser focused. Conflicting interests and unplanned events often take me off track but because I know what I want and where I should be every quarter, picking up where I left off is a simple thing. Being able to be flexible in life is necessary, so I don't beat myself up too much if a goal takes longer than expected, I just roll with it knowing that every step towards my goals are a step in the right direction.
Much of life is unplanned but if I do what is most important to me in the time that I have while focused on vital areas of my life, I am using my time well, I am happy, I am more effective than ever before and I am more successful in all areas of my life.
I am always looking to improve myself as an individual. By being mindful of my priorities and manifesting my goals, I grow in confidence regarding my accomplishments and my ability for sustained contributions to the earth community.
We are diverse individuals with rich and varied lives. What are you focused on that improves your life and helps you become your best and grandest version of yourself?
Very inspiring and motivational! I have shared this article on FB and Google. Thank you!
Awesome site you have Maria along with all the fantastic, empowerinh articles you write. Nice meeting you via WordPress.
I shared this on TotallyInspiredMind.com just now.
What's your full name so I can put your entire name in the article?
Also, if you have an image that you'd like me to add to the story to give it more punch, simply email it to me at totally inspired PC at gmail.com.
Last month in September 2018 ninety-five countries followed & read TotallyInspiredMind.com monthly.
Hi Maria Thank you for sharing your story, I thoroughly enjoyed this article! I've just started reading the Laws Of Success by Napoleon Hill and I think it's amazing!
Thank you Maria love your blog!


text:
"It's Been Time": Why the Campaign to Defund Police Is Finally Catching On
Promised cuts to the LAPD are just the latest development.
Wednesday, June 3, 2020: Protests in Phoenix demand the Phoenix City Council defund the Phoenix Police Department.Matt York/AP
Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti announced at a press conference on Wednesday night that he will cut $100 to $150 million from the Los Angeles Police Department and reinvest those funds "in black communities and communities of color." Despite its liberal reputation, Los Angeles has the largest jail system in the United States, leads the country in deaths by police, and was the birthplace of many military-styled policing tactics, like SWAT teams. The mayor's announcement is the latest sign that politicians might be starting to respond to the demands of protesters following George Floyd's killing at the hands of police. As my colleague Madison Pauly reported earlier this week, efforts to cut funding for police have already taken root in Minneapolis, where the police department's budget currently totals $193 million, with other campaigns afoot across the country.
Defunding the police, which might at first read as a seemingly radical proposition in the United States, is a reform many criminal justice activists have been fighting for a long time. Lex Steppling is one of them. Steppling is the Director of Campaigns and Policy for Dignity and Power Now, a grassroots organization in Los Angeles that has been fighting to cut back the organs of punishment in the city, like the massive LA County jail system, the sheriff's office, and ICE. It's working: In 2019, the group was part of the coalition that fought against the $1.7 billion expansion of the LA County Jail, and won, convincing city officials to invest that money in a mental health treatment facility instead.
Mother Jones Podcast host Jamilah King talked to Steppling over Zoom this week about what it means to fight for real reform in this moment. You can read an edited version of that conversations or listen to it on this week's episode of the Mother Jones Podcast:
Listen to the latest episode of the Mother Jones Podcast: Subscribe using Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, or your favorite podcast app.
Jamilah King: First, let's just start with the basics. How are you doing?
Lex Steppling: "How are you doing?" has become an oddly intimate question. I'm doing all the ways. I always try to think of that Charles Dickens line. "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times."
The call to defund police is landing in a way it should have landed a long time ago. That's really encouraging. Simultaneously, the constant flow of state violence in our communities is traumatic, and it's exhausting, and it's painful. Sometimes you have a moment where something happens in plain sight, where there's a collective reckoning that everybody experiences together. Lots of good comes from that, and lots of trauma is compounded by that at the same time.
"The call to defund police is landing in a way it should have landed a long time ago. That's really encouraging."
So L.A., like many cities, is going through it right now. We have a legacy and a tradition of fierce resistance to state violence that goes hand-in-hand with the legacy and tradition of militarized police violence. When we talk about police violence, we can't talk about it divorced from the violence of incarceration, the violence of probation departments, the violence of district attorney's offices, and the violence of profiling. One cannot exist without the other.
We have the largest jail system in the country. We have the largest DA's [District Attorney's] office. We have the largest probation department. We have the largest sheriff's department. Every year we lead the country, unfortunately, in deaths by police.
My organization, Dignity and Power Now, works with families who've gone through that. It's a daily struggle. While hen a moment consolidates in the consciousness of everybody, and people take to the streets in the way they're doing right now, it's really important to look at it as an organic function of what happens when you live in a system that's mediated by violence. That's why the defund conversation is saying that it really is time. It's been time. It's always been time to to take resources away from a system that perpetuates so much violence.
We've just seen another wave of recent violence in the United States. The killings of Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, George Floyd. What are the primary systems that are putting black and brown lives at risk that need reform?
There's an apparatus. It's important to consider the relationship that exists between a DA's office, a police department, the sheriff's department, a jail system, and a probation department. They exist in a vacuum of accountability. Judges play a huge part in this as well and probably are able to do it with the last remaining veil of secrecy left with regards to this system.
We're in an era where there's a democratization of information. One question that comes up for folks in L.A. all the time is, "I wonder what it would have been like in 1992 had there been access to communications platforms the way they are now?" That was an era where sheriff's departments, police departments, probation departments, judges and DA's offices got to operate with quite a bit of secrecy and quite a bit of opaqueness. And that's not the case anymore. As painful and traumatic and disgusting as it is to have to bear witness together, it also helps inform a conversation the right way. For years we had to rely simply on the anecdotal experiential storytelling that we had as communities who'd been impacted. Now, everybody's seeing that that's always been true.
"As painful and traumatic and disgusting as it is to have to bear witness together, it also helps inform a conversation the right way."
Why did you think the police need to be defunded?
If you ask ten people, you'll get ten different answers. And I think all ten of those answers would be valid. You can start with a conversation that's free of any agenda, which is to say, if you look at jurisdictions across the country, and you look at the pie graph of resources, and you see how much of a locality's resources goes to policing and law enforcement, it's shocking. We all live in cities right now or counties where our local officials are telling us we don't have the resources to to help with housing, food, mental health, schools, or infrastructure. Our advocacy is often met with a resistance from our local officials that's mediated by this austerity analysis. That is rendered invalid when you actually look at this pie graph and you see the amount of resources that go to law enforcement. In the case of Los Angeles, it's over half of our budget. And every year increases it increases and it increases. Public health models that are administered by public health experts work ten times out of ten, and yet they get so much less compared to law enforcement.
What are some of the specific steps that you recommend as alternatives to incarceration? What do you think an ideal version of a divestment from punitive institutions looks like?
We were really successful here in L.A. County with the Justice L.A. campaign. We stopped the expansion of what was already the biggest jail in the world. L.A. County wanted to increase the size and scope of its jail system via a $3.5 billion expansion plan, which was going to be bond money. It was going to cost us probably $7 billion. Not only were we able to stop the expansion of L.A. County jail, but we were able to push the county to do something different. [The LA County Board of Supervisors] created a work group called the Alternatives to Incarceration [ATI] Work Group. It was actually a really beautiful example of what civic democracy should look like. It was an eight-month process. We ended up with the ATI Report, which was the holistic set of recommendations of what L.A. County could do instead of jailing.
We finally have a chance to do something different and no longer be the wrong kind of leader. Divestment from policing, and all of the peripheral departments and mechanisms that go into policing, is not actually a radical demand. That's a sensible demand. The only thing radical about it is that it's a departure from a longstanding set of norms. But those norms have done nothing but harm.
So, as you said, it seems like calls to defund the police are gaining traction in this moment. That's something that seemed pretty politically impossible in the past. Why do you think it's different now?
That's a great question. What's different now? From our point of view, for too many years, advocacy organizations were not run by people from the community. It allowed for people to make compromises in the halls of policy change that betrayed the most acute needs of the community in exchange for an expedited political victory that could then be fundraised off of. We cannot rely on Democratic Party consultants who are alienated from the community. Nothing we are demanding is impossible. We're demanding things that are completely sensible, completely feasible, often more economically feasible. They're just different from what some of these folks are used to.
"If you work really hard to crack open opportunities to tell the truth, it eventually works. I think we're in a moment where that is starting to work."
Too much is happening in plain sight now. It was really interesting in the last couple of days to watch mainstream news outlets covering the protests throughout the country. It seemed like they really wanted to provide a narrative that sided with the police. And the police made it impossible because over and over and over again, in city, after city, after city, the instigators and the aggressors were the police. That's nothing new. But the surfacing of a dialog that acknowledges that is new. If you work really hard to crack open opportunities to tell the truth, it eventually works. I think we're in a moment where that is starting to work.
The Mother Jones Podcast
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Follow Our Reporters in DC and NYC as They Cover Tuesday Night's Protests
Mother Jones Washington Bureau
George Floyd Died of Asphyxia, Private Autopsy Finds
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The Summer of 2020 Is Going to Be Long, Violent, and Necessary
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China's Chang'e 5 Probe Carrying Lunar Samples Returns Safely to Earth, State Media Reports
An unmanned Chinese spacecraft carrying rocks and soil from the Moon returned safely to Earth early Thursday in the first mission in four decades to collect lunar samples, the Xinhua news agency said.
The return module of the space probe known as Chang'e-5 landed in northern China's Inner Mongolia region, Xinhua said, quoting the China National Space Administration.
The return capsule of China's Chang'e-5 probe touched down on Earth in the early hours of Thursday, bringing back the country's first samples collected from the moon, as well as the world's freshest lunar samples in over 40 years. #ChangE5 #LunarProbe pic.twitter.com/hyLaFBUtdD
— China Xinhua News (@XHNews) December 16, 2020
Beijing is looking to catch up with the US and Russia after taking decades to match its rivals' achievements and has poured billions into its military-run space programme.
The spacecraft, named after a mythical Chinese Moon goddess, landed on the Moon on December 1 and began its return voyage two days later. While on the Moon it raised the Chinese flag, China's space agency has said.
Scientists hope the samples will help them learn about the Moon's origins, formation and volcanic activity on its surface.
With this mission, China became only the third country to have retrieved samples from the Moon, following the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1970s.
This was the first such attempt since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 mission in 1976.
The spacecraft's mission was to collect two kilograms (4.5 pounds) of material in an area known as Oceanus Procellarum, or "Ocean of Storms," a vast, previously unexplored lava plain, according to the science journal Nature.
Under President Xi Jinping, plans for China's "space dream", as he calls it, have been put into overdrive.
China hopes to have a crewed space station by 2022 and eventually send humans to the Moon.
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LDGI is proud to announce BRADIC (Baton Rouge Area Digital Industries Consortium) has joined the ranks of the platinum members.
The Baton Rouge Area Digital Industries Consortium is a dynamic economic development engine dedicated to aggressively expanding the digital media sector in the Baton Rouge Area. Our efforts include enhancing digital media education, recruiting companies, encouraging entrepreneurial activity, and supporting the participation of Baton Rouge in the global digital media economy.
Louisiana's rich cultural diversity and technological investment make Baton Rouge, the state's capital, the natural place for the advancement of a permanent digital media economy. Our community will continue to grow this sector, participating in the global economy, securing jobs, developing new companies, seeking venture capital investment, and changing the landscape of the state capital. Digital media will be one of the primary sectors of the city's economy, entrenching Baton Rouge in the global creative market.
BRADIC was built on the collaboration of Louisiana State University, the Office of the Mayor-President of East Baton Rouge Parish, the Baton Rouge Area Foundation, and the Baton Rouge Area Chamber, with special support from the Louisiana Department of Economic Development. The consortium was founded on the success of the Red Stick International Animation Festival as an economic development engine. The festival fulfilled its initial goal of bringing speakers and industry professionals to the Baton Rouge area. Speakers from major digital media companies have toured Baton Rouge because of this event. To build on this success, BRADIC's partners decided to create an office whose sole purpose was to promote the Baton Rouge area to digital media companies. It is critical that the office communicate in the language of the industry, to show decision-makers that Baton Rouge and its leadership understand their needs and are able to address industry concerns.
The consortium has an executive board of the community's top leaders and advisory board of digital media professionals. The consortium leaders work with international companies to help create innovative solutions to the needs of industry. As the primary partner, Louisiana State University is dedicated to innovation and technology development through the LSU Office of Research and Intellectual Property, and the LSU Center for Computation & Technology.


You never know what will happen in life. During my last pregnancy I ended up having issues with the circulation in my legs. Many mommy to be's may find themselves having pre-eclampsia and needing to monitor their BP. Sometimes, it pays to be prepared.
Mommy Moments with Abby's review of MeasuPro BPM-2A Upper Arm Blood Pressure Monitor: Their are many reasons why you may find that you need to monitor or check your BP. We take for-granted our age sometimes and may let things like that slide ending up with serious issues because of that. Medication, trauma, pregnancy, or a number of other things may affect your bodies abilities to function.
I was excited to check out this BP monitor. My last pregnancy left me with a very changed body. I have spent the last year having the veins in my legs fixed as I ended up blowing out a lot of them. This has made me aware of potential circulatory issues that even a young to middle age woman can have. This BP monitor is great because it is easy to use. No matter how badly your pregger brain hits you, you will be able to figure this out. Just slip it on, touch a button, and wait for the monitor to do it's work. Their are separate buttons for multiple users and it can record up to 120 readings or 60 per user for better tracking. Just take it with you to the docs and pull up the records to show them. This can literally be a lifesaver and with the time stamp can let your doctors see if their are correlations to time of day and your BP. I like having one of this on hand as you never know what issues others visiting you may have and you don't know what life has in store for you. Worked great for me, looked great, and easy to use (pregger brain proof)!


Is the High Street really a thing of the past?
I find the sight of my local High Street quite depressing these days and this seems to be a recurring theme across many towns. The image of a tumble-weed blowing down a street with empty units, charity shops and discount stores is what immediately springs to mind.
Even the out-of-town shopping park seems less busy these days than when it was built, although I always find myself heading there as an alternative to the High Street because it pretty much contains all the shops I need and has free parking too.
What are the reasons behind this demise? Is it the cost of retail units in the prime town centre space being too costly for retailers? The council constantly putting the cost of parking up? Property developers turning empty spaces into apartments? Or is it simply that we all like to do our shopping online in the comfort of our own home because we are all so busy?
I read an article recently in The Retail Gazette with the title "Shoppers Abandon the High Street in August" where it declared that retail sales were at their worst in three years following data compiled by BDO. With so many of our large retail brands going into administration recently, surely this is a trend set to continue? What are you thoughts?
If you're interested in reading more on this article, please click here.