Step 1: Make delicious muffins.
Step 2: Take photos of delicious muffins. Eat some of the extra glaze with your finger because no one is looking.
That last step has been the best way to sum up the last few days here (minus the sticky fingers, that was only the first day). Every time I've found the time to sit and stare at these photos, my fingers do nothing. I remember exactly how easy these muffins were to make, how fantastic they tasted with the lemon glaze and how convenient they have been to include in our weekday breakfasts, yet when I'm facing the computer screen my mind is wiped clean.
Maybe its because of the other things that have been occupying my mind, like how its April and for some reason Toronto is experiencing a freezing rainstorm. Or that it's April, so we should file our taxes. Or how it's suddenly April and we're four months away from our wedding (eek!). Our invites were mailed out this week, so at least that is one major thing checked off the list.
Besides the usual wedding planning and weather complaining, we're also in the process of planning our honeymoon. Since Trevor and I aren't really lay-on-the-beach-type people, we've been thinking about doing a trip to New York City. With so many museums, film locations, and restaurants, we figured this kind of trip would appeal to us the most. Most people are shocked that in the years that we have lived in Toronto, we've never found the time to make this trip. We also haven't found time to visit Montreal either, but it's all in due time. With that being said, I would love to hear suggestions on good places to visit and eat at in New York City. We have a list started already, but suggestions are always welcome.
Until then, I guess I'll keep putting up with this crazy April weather. At least now that I've made muffins for breakfast, I'll get to sleep in a bit longer.
Preheat your oven to 350*F. Prepare your muffin tin with baking liners or greasing with a non-stick spray.
In a large bowl, whisk together flour, brown sugar, baking powder, baking soda, cinnamon and salt. Make a well and add the beaten egg, melted butter/margarine, and buttermilk*. Stir until just mixed. Carefully fold in blackberries.
*Note: if you are making your own buttermilk like I did, make this first and let sit while you prepare the other ingredients.
Evenly divide the muffin batter into the prepared cups and bake for 12 – 15 minutes until the tops are brown. Let cool for a moment before removing from muffin pan.
As the muffins are cooling on a wired rack, prepare the lemon glaze by mixing together the icing sugar and lemon juice. Drizzle the glaze over the muffins with a spoon.
I just love berries, those muffins look so good for breakfast.
I don't often eat breakfast but these would be the perfect start to the day! I love the addition of the lemon glaze to the classic muffin.


Our Jellycat Percy Penguin is a gorgeously huggable and luxuriously soft Antarctic friend. Percy has beans in his bottom so that he can sit and pose on his Happy Feet. Super squidgy and full of character, please feed him yummy krill, they're his favourite!
The larger penguin is gorgeously soft and cuddly - I am sure my daughter will love it. It is a present from my son, who was quite jealous when it arrived Sent quickly, recommended.


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England Boss To Start Great Manchester Run
To enter the Great Manchester Run on Sunday, May 22, go to www.greatrun.org/Manchester.
Roy Hodgson will launch a great day of sport in Manchester in his role as honorary starter for the Great Manchester Run.
The England manager has agreed to start the mass participation 10k event just a few hours before his side play Turkey in a warm-up game for Euro 2016 on Sunday, May 22.
Hodgson will launch the first wave of runners from the start line in Portland Street at 11.30am before returning to the team hotel to prepare for the 5.15pm kick off at the Etihad Stadium.
Organisers The Great Run Company are thrilled that the national team boss has agreed to support the run just three weeks before England begin their Euro 2016 campaign against Russia in Marseille on Saturday, June 11.
The Great Manchester Run, broadcast live on BBC One, is set to attract another massive field of up to 40,000 runners. The route takes runners past Old Trafford, home of Manchester United, who play Crystal Palace in the FA Cup Final at Wembley the previous day.
Roy Hodgson said: "Manchester has to be one of the greatest cities for sport and it's fantastic that the England football team and fans can be part of this great weekend of sport.
"I'm proud to be the honorary starter of the Great Manchester Run and looking forward to seeing thousands of people cheering and waving as they set off through the city centre. Whether it is football, running or even walking it's really important that all sports and teams do their bit to encourage people to get outdoors and get active.
"The Great Manchester Run is a great celebration for the city with an amazing atmosphere which we hope to continue into the evening for our crucial friendly with Turkey ahead of the Euros. Hopefully, we can see fans wearing their England shirts either in the 10k or watching from the sidelines as spectators before going along to the game."
Tickets are still available for England v Turkey in Manchester and can be purchased via TheFA.com/tickets.
A superb weekend of Manchester sport kicks off on Friday, May 20, with the Great CityGames Manchester – a unique elite event that attracts some of the world's top athletes on a purpose-built track on Deansgate in the city centre – before the Junior and Mini Great Manchester Run at the Etihad Campus on Saturday, May 21.
To enter the Great Manchester Run on Sunday, May 22, go to www.greatrun.org/Manchester
To enter the Great Manchester Run on Sunday, May 22, go to www.greatrun.org/Manchester. Roy Hodgson will launch a great day of sport…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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No Ordinary Free Trade Agreements – Health and the New Generation Trade Agreements
...from health policy priorities perspective, the more systemic danger of TTIP is that it could hinder necessary change of corporate profiteering and an already failing model for innovation and R&D towards pharmaceutical policy in the public interest...
by Meri Koivusalo*
Senior Researcher on Health Policy
National Institute for Health and Welfare
The new generation trade agreements, such as the TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership) and TTIP (Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership), have changed the ground and context of trade negotiations through extension of negotiations further to national policies and regulation. These new generation trade agreements have gained criticism not only from activists, but also from international and US economists (Krugman 2015, Summers 2015, Stiglitz 2015).
What has been made clear is that these are no ordinary free trade agreements. In Europe and in particular in European Union focus remains, perhaps unsurprisingly, dominated by trade and export opportunities. This is reflected, for example, in the number of references to EU- South Korea FTA as an example of prospective benefits from a trade agreement (Malmström 2015a):
"We know that trade agreements do bring benefits. Since the EU-South Korea free trade agreement entered into force in 2011 our exports are up by 35%. In some sectors, like cars, they are up by 90%."
On the other hand TTIP remains promoted explicitly due to the assumed benefits for global standard-setting at a higher-level. The European Union trade policy materials make the point that:
"Aligning EU and US standards and regulations would mean exporters in other countries would only have to comply with one set of rules instead of two. This would make it easier for them to export and would help their economies.
Aligning EU and US standards and regulations could also provide the basis for high global standards, bringing benefits to consumers and business alike." (European Commission 2015)
The current engagement with negotiations thus implies a road paved with opportunities and win-win options, yet it seems that many of the claims would require further elaboration. Furthermore, they do not seem to really hold, when what is actually negotiated is put under scrutiny. In other words, while there may be many lofty aspirations of what is to be achieved, what is negotiated is what counts.
The problem of comparing EU- South Korea FTA with potential benefits from TTIP is of course that it does not compare like with like as trade negotiations with US exceed in breadth what has been agreed with EU-South Korea agreement. Change is also dependent on situation before and after as well as how particular markets are shaped. It is also clear that realization of some aspects of what was negotiated with EU- South Korea agreement, for example, in the pharmaceutical annex, will be more problematic in the context of negotiations of TTIP. The likelihood of EU-Korea and the US-Korea agreements to be used as basis for further negotiations has already drawn attention from the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC 2015).
While the rationality of achieving common regulatory practices for the benefits of trade are emphasized, it is not made clear how the scope and requirements for regulation are affected and how a stronger role of multinational industries can affect policy space for health both at European and national and local level role in domestic regulation. Promises of not lowering current standards are not sufficient, when what matters is how and on what basis new standards can be set and new regulation can take place. Furthermore, through constraining the process of standard-setting and establishing new requirements for regulatory process, the negotiations do have implications for regulatory policy space, even if it would not directly restrict or explicitly deny a possibility for higher level of standards. The purpose and role of regulatory council envisaged as part of negotiations may also have different implications to the Parties. There already exists a relatively strong centrally based presence of regulatory affairs in United States (Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, OIRA) making this more easily negotiable for USA. The idea of oversight on regulatory initiative across Atlantic may be appealing to many industries, but may look different from the perspective of Member States.
In many areas industries are no longer local and interests promoted at EU level will be similar to those in USA. Yet, it is clear that common regulatory process and requirement standards set under influence of multinational actors can be against public interest and the interests of citizens of European Union Member States and citizens of United States, while still making it easier and more beneficial for multinational industries to trade across countries. The win-win for global corporate interests can become a "lose-lose" for public health and public interest.
TTIP and global governance
We do need to question why we should negotiate all public policy and regulatory issues under trade agreements, where agenda is more easily dominated by interests of multinational corporations and coalitions of export industries, when there are other forums for international cooperation. Trade policy should not be the only show in town.
We have United Nations specialized agencies involved with health and food safety. It is perfectly possible to seek closer transatlantic cooperation through other means than trade agreements. If improving regulatory frameworks is the aim of the game, then why are we seeking this through the most difficult route, where corporate interests, in particular, dominate? Another explanation is that what is understood as improvement actually considers improvements for corporate beneficiaries or trade.
This would not need to be the case. Furthermore, the principles and objectives of the Unions' external action have been defined in TEU (Treaty on European Union) 21 (1) as follows:
The Union's action on the international scene shall be guided by the principles which have inspired its own creation, development and enlargement, and which it seeks to advance in the wider world: democracy, the rule of law, the universality and indivisibility of human rights and fundamental freedoms, respect for human dignity, the principles of equality and solidarity, and respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter
The Union shall seek to develop relations and build partnerships with third countries, and international, regional or global organisations which share the principles referred to in the first subparagraph. It shall promote multilateral solutions to common problems, in particular in the framework of the United Nations and international law.
These should, in principle, guide also the European Union commercial policy. According to the TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union) Article 207 (1) commercial policy is to be "conducted in the context of the principles and objectives of the Union's external action". This is partially reflected in Commissioner Malmströms' speech, where she has emphasised values in foreign policy context of commercial policies (Malmström 2015b):
"When partners sign EU trade agreements, they commit to the core standards of the International Labour Organisation– like the right to form unions and strike. They also agree to environmental treaties on issues like transport of hazardous waste and the protection of endangered species."
"Furthermore, we also use strategic bilateral trade agreements like the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership as a vehicle to support those EU values that we share with the US – like democracy, open markets, the rule of law, and respect for the individual."
The challenge is that if TTIP negotiations really represent the democratic values we wish to uphold, it is clear there is a problem in terms of how these democratic values are currently understood, delivered and respected as part of the negotiation process. United States has not ratified more than two of the eight ILO standards (ILO 2015). According to ITUC (International Trade Union Confederation) report South Korea is known to have ratified only four of the ILO core labour standards, which do not include right to form Unions and strike (ITUC 2012). The list of common values promoted by the TTIP seem to lack human rights, equity and solidarity – or perhaps it has been implicitly recognised, that TTIP is not a vehicle to support human rights, equity and solidarity.
If we focus on global governance and the role of European Union, it is possible to argue that current commercial policies are not fully in line with principles and objectives of the European Union external policies. The aim to feed rest of the world standards and regulatory cooperation practices agreed between European Union and United States does not fit well with external policy priorities on multilateral cooperation. It is also unclear how negotiations of TTIP and in particular on investment protection and trade secrets relate to promotion of democracy or consideration of TTIP as a vehicle for promotion of democracy globally.
The relationship between global industries and public policies
The estimates of economic benefits from TTIP have been under scrutiny, but what everybody seems to agree is that key implications from TTIP do not result from lowering tariffs, but from "beyond the border measures" , through changes in future requirements for regulatory measures. These are much harder to estimate and can also imply unanticipated costs. The question on regulatory action is not just about trade barriers. For example, Joseph Stiglitz has emphasised that (2015):
"Rules and regulations determine the kind of economy and society in which people live. They affect relative bargaining power, with important implications for inequality, a growing problem around the world. The question is whether we should allow rich corporations to use provisions hidden in so-called trade agreements to dictate how we will live in the twenty-first century. I hope citizens in the US, Europe, and the Pacific answer with a resounding no."
What is negotiated in TTIP does relate to health and social policies as what is proposed will have implications to health promotion, protection as well as to financing and organization of health services and social security. While European Union has made promises to exclude publicly funded health services, these remain constrained by overarching commitments to investment protection and potential for overarching obligations for national treatment of investment, regulatory cooperation and in relation to state enterprises and government interventions can. At the core of the concerns is the lack of clear-cut and unequivocal exclusion of health services and social security from the negotiations with potential expansion of more general obligations. (see below)
Regulatory cooperation under TTIP can perhaps be best described as a process seeking to establish procedural framework on how governments can regulate. As these procedures make regulation more burdensome and allow stronger engagement of stakeholders and the other negotiation Party, it is likely to hamper the scope of regulatory measures that governments can take.
Lack of regulation has human and societal costs. What provides benefits for investors and corporations, does not automatically lead to benefits for all, but can imply substantial costs for society at large. The 119 billion € estimated economic benefits of TTIP after ten years on the basis of the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR 2013) assessment are comparable to, although lower than, estimated annual social costs of alcohol, which have been estimated as 156 billion € (Rehm and Shield 2012). Endocrine disruptive chemicals have been estimated to result in attributable costs of similar annual magnitude to the expected benefits of the TTIP in European Union (Trasande et al. 2015). The costs of lack of regulation and regulatory action can thus be substantial both in terms of monetary and human costs. The additional requirements and bureaucracy also imply costs for public authorities if they wish to uphold capacity for regulatory action.
While negotiators keep on emphasizing that existing regulatory levels will be upheld, the more cumbersome and more requiring future regulation is made, the harder it will be to enact new regulatory measures. It is also not clear how TTIP relates to revision of existing regulations and standards. This is particularly important to consider if European Unions' REFIT (Regulatory Fitness) measures, which will open up and reassess regulatory measures in future as then revision of these new regulations, could be affected by new requirements set as part of TTIP negotiations.
As we are told the importance of growth and the TTIP a crucial means for new growth, it is also necessary to ensure that what is negotiated does not result in "cold growth" accumulating in tax havens with increasing social inequalities, declining public funds, strengthening of the position of multinational industries and corporate monopolies, worsening terms of employment, increasing vulnerability to financial crises, more complex public bureaucratic requirements, and regulatory and public policy impotence.
Enhancing innovation and pharmaceutical policy in the public interest?
A particular case of point needs to be made with respect to pharmaceuticals. It is necessary to ask what public benefits will an even greater influence of global pharmaceutical industry bring to the market approval and reimbursement process of new pharmaceuticals? It has already been shown that corporate influence can play an influential role in reimbursement decisions in Europe (van Herk et al. 2013).
While the formal focus on pharmaceuticals and TTIP has been on policies with respect to generics and imports from third countries, the real cost pressures for national health systems come from new medicines. High prices of new medicines in both United States and European Union have led to legitimate concerns over the longer term sustainability, affordability and added clinical value of the new medicines, priced at the level that markets can bear. Yet the TTIP negotiation seem to focus on making it harder for the public administrations to intervene or influence pricing of medicines, while empowering the pharmaceutical industry to maintain and strengthen the current regulatory context and position of major multinational players. Furthermore, from health policy priorities perspective, the more systemic danger of TTIP is that it could hinder necessary change of corporate profiteering and an already failing model for innovation and R&D towards pharmaceutical policy in the public interest.
It is reasonable to assume, that what has been negotiated under Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) will emerge to the agenda of the TTIP negotiations. We can thus form some understanding of issues at table from what has been negotiated on the basis of the leaked pharmaceuticals annex of the TPP (TPP 2015). While United States representatives have denied that the transparency annex could be subject to investment protection claims (Weisman 2015), this would be surprising as procedural fairness, which is the aim of the very chapter, provides a feasible route for claims. The relationship between requirements for procedural fairness and what is considered as fair and equitable treatment may also be closer than assumed. Indeed, European Commission explanatory note on investment protection uses these interchangeably: "Protection against unfair and inequitable treatment – e.g. denying basic procedural fairness "(European Commission 2013, p. 4).
While it may be understandable that producers might seek to ensure the best treatment for their products in other countries, it is not sufficiently recognised that TTIP negotiations can have substantial implications to the ways in which medicines are approved to markets and reimbursed, in particular, within European Union. Furthermore, while "transparency" seems to be sought in the reimbursement process, there are due concerns over implications of transparency directive to progress in access to data on clinical trials in Europe , which has been criticised by American research-based pharmaceutical industry in their 2014 submission to USTR 301 trade review (PhRMA/USTR 2014). Public health groups and researchers have already drawn concern over definition of trade secrets as part of the transparency directive and links to TTIP negotiations (HAI ym. 2015). Transparency should also not imply a shift towards legitimizing direct-to-consumer advertising in Europe as the TPP transparency chapter seems to seek legitimising more broad-based direct-to-consumer advertising through the internet (TPP 2015).
The danger of the TTIP is that it becomes a protective shield for corporate benefits against duly and timely efforts to change public policies in limiting markets, when commercialization of services becomes too costly, when public interests and opinion do not support profiteering in health services or favour non-profit organizations or public provision (e.g. in publicly funded services), or in the case of pharmaceuticals, using competition to lower prices. Furthermore, while TTIP is likely to bring growth to the multinational pharmaceutical industry, it is less certain that this will result in taxable income, innovation or cost-effective clinical benefits to patients. On the other hand we can be relatively confident that if exclusivities for pharmaceuticals are expanded or lengthened as result of the negotiations, this is likely to take place at the cost of public purse and those ill, not only within Europe and United States, but as well globally.
We need to be clear that when "high standards" are discussed this does not only apply to investment and intellectual property rights as it is also important to recognise that trade negotiations can lead to transatlantic sinking of new safety standards, while protecting and tightening those which serve particular interests. What is good for European Union exporters and industry may not necessarily be safe or great for consumers.
Are health services as "safe" as is claimed ?
TTIP is a negotiated treaty and has its focus on where political priorities are set. It is clear, that while there have been statements on public services (European Commission 2015), this has not so far resulted in explicit exclusions of these services from negotiations. Legitimate concerns over health, education and social services seem to have become dealt with by separate statements and promises, which are likely to be forgotten, when the final agreement has been signed. We know that it is entirely possible to establish clauses and articles excluding services and sectors or declining to negotiate on investment protection. It is thus a matter of political choice whither we accept health and social security exclusions to remain aspirational and vulnerable to interpretation or explicit "hard" priorities representing European values on what is to be traded and what is not. It is also likely that other chapters under negotiation, such as government procurement, competition, subsidies or state owned enterprises will have relevance to how publicly financed services can operate and whither these can compete against commercial providers.
There is a danger that trade negotiators may implicitly consider government and public services role as a residual function, where there are no commercial interests. Trade agreements may also impede European problems as internal market rules and regulations may be considered as a starting point for negotiations with third countries. This applies not only to health services, but as well how services of general economic interest and general interest are understood. The problems emerge if public funding and role for health care provision is pushed to a residual function and required not to affect markets, then excluding publicly funded health services just means excluding services for which there are no commercial interests or which are not tradable.
One concern in relation to the TTIP is the emphasis on general rules and priorities across all sectors. This is reflected in the regulatory chapter on general principles which seeks to build on previous OECD guidance (EU/TTIP 2015). The shift towards a more general application of rules applies also to TISA (Trade in Services Agreement) negotiations on services on which the TTIP builds, where a push seems again to be from specific commitments to more horizontal obligations (TISA 2015). European Union and Singapore FTA investment chapter expands national treatment obligations for investment to all sectors, including health, social and educational services, with the exception of audiovisual services and procurement for governmental purposes (EU-SSFTA 2014). It may thus be expected that European Commission will seek to expand this horizontal inclusion of national treatment of existing investors in all services also to TTIP. This is not about trade, it is about regulation of national policies.
This has relevance with respect to the role and position of non-profit providers and can affect how services of general interest and general economic interest are treated in service provision as a government may wish to treat these differently from commercially driven multinational corporations, which can provide "like services". The application of restrictions to performance requirements could limit means to ensure continuity of care, equity in access to services or to ensure efficient use of resources within the health system.
Health services or national exclusions on health services from trade agreements are not necessarily as "safe" as we have been told, if exclusions only apply to ability to restrict new establishments, while governance of national policies and investment has slipped further under trade agreements.
The paradox of evidence in the context of TTIP negotiations
The paradox of the TTIP negotiations is that an international legal framework limiting public policy options and policy space for health is negotiated with very limited evidence on broader societal benefits, while this very framework will not only require increasing and more narrowly defined evidence for future regulatory measures to take place, but can also make it more difficult to gain evidence for public policies and regulation for health.
It is clear that costs from TTIP have not been addressed fully in terms of investment protection, lack of regulatory action, regulatory burden for governments or increased costs for new medicines and technologies. Even broader financial sustainability issues may be at stake in the context of financial services chapter, including social security systems or vulnerability to new financial crises. The legal language introduces new terminology and obligations, which may not be fully understood in terms of implications as this type of requirements may not have been dealt with as part of health policy-making and governance. While consultations have provided managed information and sharing of European Union stances to the wider public and academic research, which is an improvement, the consolidated negotiation texts are still available only to chosen few.
The focus on transparency may seem a move to the right direction, but measures promoted under transparency seem to go only to one direction. There is a danger of creating a transparency ratchet, where all that is on public sector remains open and accessible to early scrutiny by corporations, while at the same time access to information for regulatory purposes from the corporate sector becomes safeguarded by stronger protection of trade secrets.
A major challenge with respect to "evidence" relates to precautionary principle. It is also clear that impact assessments have shifted to serve more commercial needs with proposals of regulatory and trade impact assessments (EU/TTIP 2015). A reaffirmed commitment to OECD good regulatory practices is to be made as part of the agreement (OECD 2012), which raises also questions of purpose and role of the regulatory cooperation focus. If OECD already provides soft guidance on regulatory cooperation, the TTIP can't be about "soft" guidance, but seems to be much more about locking in a framework for regulatory cooperation and enforcement through TTIP. Furthermore, if the agreement is a "living agreement", the initial negotiation round will need to be only a placement for further negotiations.
If TTIP is the answer, then what is the problem?
It is possible to argue that trade should preferably be negotiated under multilateral governance with a broad participation and actual transparency, rather than making a bilateral deals and then imposing them to all others, which does not sound as great foreign policy or respect for democratic accountability.
Governments can deregulate without a broader international framework and if TTIP partnership is only about "encouraging" regulatory cooperation, then perhaps this encouraging could be done in a less legally binding form under OECD. Most of health promotion legislation has not taken place as result of international agreements, but as result of governments following wise regulatory measures of other governments. As world has not ended in spite of corporate predictions, other governments have dared to follow the lead. However, the TTIP fits perhaps too well with an aim to ensure that there is less scope for innovative regulatory measures for the benefit of public health policies through the imposition of a more restrictive overarching regulatory framework, enhancing investor and intellectual property rights protection, and enabling early corporate presence as part of the regulatory process.
Do trade policies then really suffer from lack of empowerment of multinational industries and insufficient consideration of corporate and transnational investor interests as part of public policy-making and regulatory decisions in European Union and United States? Do we really need to have consultations across Atlantic or a regulatory council on potential regulatory interests in case these might affect trade interests? Why should framework for health-related standard-setting and regulation be decided under closed trade negotiations between United States and European Union?
The pass of the fast track vote in USA implies that more scrutiny and oversight is now required from the European Union side and, in particular, from the European Parliament. The process of the European Parliament vote was not promising. If a closer partnership is to be desired, then any advancement of regulatory cooperation with respect to pharmaceuticals, health promotion, health, environmental protection and safety should best take place elsewhere, than under trade or corporate friendly regulatory councils governed under trade and economic policy priorities. Innovative solutions could be sought on the basis of public health and health policy priorities and has been done. The point is not about international cooperation, it is about where, on what basis and for what purpose this cooperation takes place.
CETA (2014) Comprehensive Trade and Economic Agreement. Avaible from: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/in-focus/ceta/
European Commission (2015) Questions and answers. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/in-focus/ttip/about-ttip/questions-and-answers/index_en.htm
European Commission (2015) Joint Statement 20 March 2015. Available from: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_STATEMENT-15-4646_en.htm
European Commission (2013) Fact Sheet. Investment Protection and Investor-to-State Dispute Settlement in EU agreements. November 2013. Available from: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2013/november/tradoc_151916.pdf
EU/TTIP (2015) Regulatory chapter proposal 4th of May 2015. Available: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/html/153403.htm
EU-SSFTA (2015) Draft EU-Singapore FTA. October 2014. Chapter 9. Investment. Available from: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/press/index.cfm?id=961
HAI et al. (2015) EU trade secrets directive threat to free speech, health, environment and worker mobility. 23 March 2015. Statement. Available from: http://haieurope.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Statement-updated-on-trade-secrets-directive.pdf
ILO (2015) Ratifications for United States. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:12001:0::NO:::
ITUC (2012) Internationally recognised core labour standards in Republic of Korea. Report for the WTO General Council review of the trade politics of Republic of Korea. Geneva, 19 and 21 September, 2012. Available from: www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/korea_tpr_final.pdf
Krugman P (2015) This is not a trade agreement. April 26, New York Times. Available from: http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/this-is-not-a-trade-agreement/?_r=0
Malmström C (2015a) Bringing EU trade policy up to date. 23 June. Speech. European Trade Policy Day. Keynote (website).Available from: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/press/index.cfm?id=1334
Malmström C (2015b) Integrated trade and foreign policy. 11 of June. Speech Annual on European Council of Foreign Relations. Available from: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/press/index.cfm?id=1328
OECD (2012) Recommendation of the regulatory council on regulatory policy and governance. Available from: www.oecd.org/governance/regulatory-policy/49990817.pdf
PhRMA/USTR (2014) Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)special 301 submission 2014. Available from: www.phrma.org/sites/default/files/pdf/2014-special-301-submission.pdf
Rehm and Shield (2012) Alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence and attributable burden of disease in Europe. Amphora project. Centre for Addition and Mental Health, 2012. Available from: http://amphoraproject.net/w2box/data/AMPHORA%20Reports/CAMH_Alcohol_Report_Europe_2012.pdf
TISA (2015) Domestic regulation. Available from: https://wikileaks.org/tisa/domestic/
TPP (2015) Transparency chapter. Available from: https://wikileaks.org/tpp/healthcare/
Trasande L, Zoeller RT, Hass U, Kortenkamp A, Grandjean P, Peterson Myers J, DiGangi J, Bellanger M, Hauser R, Legler J, Skakkebaek NE, and Heindel JJ (2015) Estimating Burden and Disease Costs of Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the European Union. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2015 100:4, 1245-1255. Available from: http://press.endocrine.org/doi/ref/10.1210/jc.2014-4324
Stiglitz J (2015) The secret corporate takeover. May 13 2015. Available from: http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/us-secret-corporate-takeover-by-joseph-e–stiglitz-2015-05
Summers L (2015) Rescuing free trade agreements. June 14, 2015. The Washington Post. Available from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/rescuing-the-free-trade-deals/2015/06/14/f10d82c2-1119-11e5-9726-49d6fa26a8c6_story.html
Van Herck P, Annemans L, Sermeus W, Ramaekers D (2013) Evidence-Based Health Care Policy in Reimbursement Decisions: Lessons from a Series of Six Equivocal Case-Studies. PLoS ONE 8(10): e78662. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0078662
Weisman J(2015) U.S. Shifts Stance on Drug Pricing in Pacific Trade Pact Talks, Document Reveals. New York Times June 10, 2015. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/11/business/international/us-shifts-stance-on-drug-pricing-in-pacific-trade-pact-talks-document-reveals.html?_r=2
*Meri Koivusalo is a senior researcher in National Institute for Health and Welfare in Finland. She is a medical doctor with a PhD in public health and MSc in environmental health policy. She has written and published on international and European health policies, including on trade and health. She has followed trade policy developments for more than 15 years. She has served as an advisor for Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs and Health as well as for European Commission DGV, DG VIII and WHO. She was a member of the WHO Consultative expert group on research and development: financing and coordination (CEWG).
Format StatusPosted on 16th July 2015 4th January 2016


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CLINIC UPDATE
Clinique Duval
We are proud to announce that on Monday February 1st, 2021, we successfully performed our first of two total knee replacements with a surgical robot. Duval Clinic has acquired Zimmer's ROSA surgical robot to further optimize joint replacements surgeries which advances the arthroplasty techniques we use at the clinic. Zimmer's ROSA Robot is an addition to our range of technical tools — it is another key that will allow us to provide each of our patients with the highest quality care.
What is the technology?
The ROSA Knee System is a tool that assists surgeons during knee replacement surgery. The robotics system integrates a pre-operative plan which is personalized for each patient, based on his or her anatomy. This technology offers a real time evaluation of the tissues surrounding the knee in order to achieve the best possible result. The ROSA Knee System also makes it possible to preview the results of bone cuts before they are made and to make adjustments during the procedure. These various technological improvements result in superior surgical precision and execution.
Dr. Massé, a specialist in knee and hip surgeries here at Duval, is also an expert in robotics. He reminds his patients that, "robotics in no way replaces the surgeon, who remains in control of the operation, but it gives the information the surgeon needs to make better decisions and perform even more precise gestures." Although robotics are an important advancement in technology and medicine, Dr. Massé says, "the experience and dexterity of the clinic's surgeons remain the most essential element."
How will this technology improve the patient experience?
The benefits of integrating this new technology into a knee replacement procedure are vast. It allows for a more precise reproduction of the individual's anatomy (personalized surgery) and thus promotes a faster resumption of daily activities, minimizes the risk of residual pain and offers a more natural joint.
Duval Orthopaedic Clinic has always made sure to use the latest technological tools at its disposal in the field of computer-assisted surgery to ensure an optimal level of care and precision. As Dr. Massé points out, "currently, studies seem to show an easier, faster recovery with less postoperative pain. Satisfaction levels seem to be higher in patients operated on with robotic devices."
Duval Orthopaedic Clinic is the first private orthopaedic clinic in Canada to perform joint replacement procedures using a surgical robot and we are very proud of it. For more information about this new technology, please do not hesitate to give us a call.


The leather industry causes suffering to animals - as well as wreaking environmental destruction.
For many years, consumers believed that leather was a luxury product - and that you had to invest in it if you wanted to own stylish, timeless fashion.
This simply isn't true, and in this exclusive video for Plant Based News, vegan fashionista Marta Canga lists some of the amazing alternatives you can buy.
A British brand founded in London, The Lovely Things offers practical and beautiful designs - that are also more budget-friendly.
"It has established itself as one of the best vegan companies in the UK in terms of its handbags," says Marta. "The company gives some of its profits to animal organizations every single month - which is amazing.
"I recommend you check them out if you're looking for your first vegan handbag, or a bag that's more on the affordable side."
"The bags are unlike anything I've ever seen or touched before," says Marta.
"The combination of beautiful design and extremely high quality fabrics makes Colibri one of my all-time favourites. My Colibri bag feels luxury and buttery smooth."
With synthetic leather and the best European microfibre, this bag is also carbon neutral, sustainable and eco-friendly.
JW Pei, which was founded in 2016, was told that to be successful, you had to use leather.
"But this innovative brand decided not to listen and is committed to only using 100 percent vegan materials," says Marta.
She adds that the company creates 'beautiful, sustainable and eco-friendly handbags'.
LaBante London, which was established back in 2009, produces accessories which all adhere to its philosophy of 'Fashion With Respect'.
"The brand uses recycled products like plastic bottles for bag linings, duster bags, and tags as part of its drive to be sustainable and ethical."
She adds that the bags have a simple elegance - as well as being practical.


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BENGALURU: Space scientists were continuing efforts to establish contact with the country's snag-hit latest communication satellite GSAT-6A that went off the radar, the Indian space agency said on Monday.
GSAT-6A lost contact with the ground station two days after it was launched on March 29 in a flawless mission from the space port of Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh but the agency has not specified the glitch.
The country's most powerful satellite went blank when Isro's Master Control Facility (MCF) at Hassan in Karnataka attempted to ignite the engine in a third and final move to put GSAT-6A in its space home.
"Efforts are being continued to establish the communication with the satellite," Isro sources said today.
Isro chairman K Sivan has said preliminary data shows that there are chances of recovery, but establishing link with the satellite was the key.
"The Mission Control is on the job continuously," he had said.
The 2,140-kg GSAT-6A rode piggyback on Isro's powerful geosynchronous rocket (GSLV-F08) fitted with indigenous cryogenic engine at the third stage and was put into orbit successfully after the launch in what was described by a senior Isro official as a "magnificent mission".
GSAT-6A is aimed at helping in mobile communication even from very remote locations through hand-held ground terminals and is considered a shot in the arm for the armed forces.
Reports suggest that the glitch is related to the satellite's power system after the second orbit-raising exercise on Saturday, after which Isro scientists went into a huddle and are working towards setting things right.
The orbit raising operation is carried out to hurl the satellite to its designated slot.
GSAT-6A, with a mission life of about 10 years, is designed to provide thrust to mobile communication through multi-beam coverage facility.
The satellite is also aimed at providing a platform for developing technologies such as demonstration of 6 m S-Band Unfurlable Antenna, hand-held ground terminals and network management techniques that could be useful in satellite-based mobile communication applications.
GSAT-6A snag is the second setback to Isro in less than a year.
In August last year, India's mission to launch its backup navigation satellite IRNSS-1H on board PSLV-C39 failed after a technical fault on the final leg following a perfect launch.


Using a hand gel sanitizer has become fairly common these days. People tend to keep a bottle in their desk drawer, the vehicle or their purse. However, shop bought sanitizers can be costly and often contain severe chemical substances. Discover how to make your personal hand gel sanitizer that is much more inexpensive, and much safer than the goods that you frequently purchase in the shop.
Sit in a comfy, but straight back chair, sitting up straight. Place the palms of your fingers on your lap facing up. Put your thumb and forefinger together permitting the power of your body to movement continuously through out the entire body.
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I don't suggest using ground ginger as it is very tough to separate the fine powder and the consume will be gritty. You could independent the powder if you had been to pressure the consume via a coffee filter.
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Spend much more time outside. If you're all outdoors, you don't need to heat or cool your home. Turn the thermostat down (or up, as the case might be) when you leave the house. Get much more of that physical exercise you're all needing! Also, you can expose your family to the all-natural world, teaching them to value and take care of it.
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Chucho Martinez Padres '23 awarded Senior Exhibit Fellowship
For his Senior Exhibit Fellowship, Chucho Martinez Padres '23 will explore the methods of art historian George Kubler, PhD '40, scholar of Pre-Columbian America and Ibero-American Art.
Student curator Gabrielle Colangelo '22 brings obscured lesbian histories to light
For her exhibition, "We Are Everywhere: Lesbians in the Archive," now on view in Sterling Memorial Library, student curator Gabrielle "Gabby" Colangelo '22, began by asking questions.
Interview with gospel great Kurt Carr leads expanded collection focus on Black church music
An April 20 oral history interview with gospel music luminary Kurt Carr is a milestone in the ongoing evolution of a key music library collection to support Yale's new interdisciplinary program in Music and the Black Church.
Film Archive awarded Film Foundation grant to restore Kathleen Collins masterwork
The Yale Film Archive has received a grant to preserve Losing Ground , the 1982 masterwork of the late Kathleen Collins, a pioneering Black writer and filmmaker whose work was largely unseen for decades after her death in 1988 at the age of 46.
New Book Talk launches with Debby Applegate's bio of a Jazz Age brothel owner
The first Yale Library Book Talk will feature historian and Pulitzer Prize winner Debby Applegate, author of Madam: The Biography of Polly Adler, Icon of the Jazz Age debut on March 2 at 4:30 pm. Online and open to all.
Trove of Gordon Parks "study sets" comes to Yale Library
Yale University Library's Beinecke Library has acquired a collection of more than 200 prints by renowned American photographer Gordon Parks. The prints constitute one of the largest collections of the photographer's work available for study in an institution.
Film Archive recommends films to stream for Native American Heritage Month
To mark Native American Heritage Month, the Yale Film Archive is recommending six documentary films, available to faculty, students, and staff through the library's streaming video services.


Nigeria To Experience Total Lunar Eclipse On January 21, 2019.
Nigeria other countries of the world to experience a total lunar eclipse on Monday, January 21, 2019, the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) has revealed to Stannova.
According to the legal statement obtained from head media and public communications of the agency, Felix Alle on Friday, Nigeria is among the countries that we experience the episode.
Alle continued, "the lunar eclipse would, by 4.33am, become a partial eclipse, where the moon would start getting red.


At the September 8, 2007, meeting of the Old Unicoi Trail Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution in Hiawassee, Georgia, a piece of history that has never made it to the history books was related. It was the account of Micajah Clark Dyer's invention, construction and flight of an "Apparatus for Navigating the Air" long before anyone else succeeded in getting a guided craft airborne.
Micajah Clark Dyer, a poor mountain farmer with limited formal education and access to only primitive tools, invented his flying machine in the Choestoe District of Union County, Georgia. The story of his invention was handed down orally to each generation of the family, and the first written account of it was by Dr. Watson B. Dyer in the Dyer Family History, privately published in 1967 and 1980. He reported interviews with people who were eye witnesses to several flights by Clark Dyer in his plane, as well as dozens of others who had been told the story by their parents and grandparents.
Clark Dyer secured a patent for his flying machine on September 1, 1874, but following his death in 1891, the patent and plane were reportedly sold by his widow to some Redwine brothers from Gainesville, Georgia. Later, the family's attempts to locate the patent and plane proved futile. Finally, in 2004, Clark's patent was discovered by one of the young descendents doing a Google search. Then, in the following year, two 1875 newspaper articles were discovered that reported the invention, the St. Louis Globe-Democrat on July 16, 1875, and The Eagle (Gainesville, Georgia) on July 31, 1875.
While Clark still has not been included in history books, he has received some noteworthy recognition, namely, State Hwy. 180 was named the "Micajah Clark Dyer Parkway" in July 2006; "Micajah Clark Dyer Day in Union County" was proclaimed on September 1, 2006 (the 132nd anniversary of the granting of the patent); a first class U.S. postage stamp was printed October 28, 2006, showing Clark's flying machine; he was nominated for induction into the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame in October 2006; Union County Commissioner framed and hung a display of the U.S. stamp in the courthouse in January 2007.
At the Annual Dyer-Souther Heritage Association Reunion held on July 14, 2007, at the Choestoe Baptist Church, Highway 180/Micajah Clark Dyer Parkway, Blairsville, Georgia, Historian Ethelene Dyer Jones was presented with a paperweight bearing the image of Clark Dyer's "flying machine" in recognition of her many years of service as the historian, newsletter editor and organizer of the annual family reunion. Her dedication to preservation of family history is truly noteworthy. Ethelene, we salute your commitment and perseverance!
Micajah Clark Dyer's invention of a flying machine in the Choestoe District of Union County in 1874, years before anyone else had succeeded in getting a guided craft airborne, is a point of pride within the Dyer family. The story of Dyer's invention had been handed down orally to each generation of the family, and the first written account of it was by Dr. Watson B. Dyer in the Dyer Family History, privately published in 1967 and 1980. He reported interviews with people who were eye witnesses to several flights by him in his plane, as well as dozens of others who had been told the story by their parents and grandparents.
The image of the plane on the paperweight is taken from the drawings in the patent issued for the machine on September 1, 1874. It wasn't until 2004 that Clark's patent was finally discovered by one of the young descendents doing a Google search. Then, in the following year, two 1875 newspaper articles were discovered that reported the invention, the St. Louis Globe-Democrat on July 16, 1875, and The Eagle (Gainesville, Georgia) on July 31, 1875.
Clark invented many other gadgets during his lifetime (1822-1891), and the family legend is that there were one or more later models of his aircraft. But even if documentation cannot be found for any of his other inventions, the 1874 patent for his "Apparatus for Navigating the Air" gives Clark an honored place in aviation history.
Pictured above: Friends of the NC State University's Extension Service at 21st International Luncheon on May 16, 2007.
Upon invitation by the NC State University's Extension Service Friends, Sylvia Dyer Turnage presented the story of Clark Dyer's flying machine at their 21st International Luncheon on May 16, 2007, in Hayesville, NC. The group was very interested to learn about Micajah Clark Dyer's invention of a flying machine in the Choestoe District of Union County way back in 1874, years before anyone else had succeeded in getting a guided craft airborne.
As the group viewed the patent issued for the machine on September 1, 1874, they found it amazing that Dyer had produced the ingenious drawings and specifications since he had only an eighth-grade education and had spent his life on a remote mountainous farm, with limited contacts outside the community. The story of Dyer's invention had been handed down orally to each generation of the family, and the first written account of it was by Dr. Watson B. Dyer in the Dyer Family History, privately published in 1967 and 1980. Watson interviewed a couple of people who were eye witnesses to several flights by Clark Dyer in his plane, as well as dozens of others who had been told the story by their parents and grandparents.
It wasn't until 2004 that Clark's patent was finally discovered by one of the young descendents doing a Google search. Then, in the following year two 1985 newspaper articles were discovered that reported the invention, the St. Louis Globe-Democrat on July 16, 1875, and The Eagle (Gainesville, Georgia) on July 31, 1875.
In mid-March, Windstream Channel 4 kicked off a new program titled "Mountain Trails" which is featuring history and places of interest in the Tri-State mountain area. The first episode of the program covered the entire story of Micajah Clark Dyer's invention of a flying machine, from the oral legend to the subsequent discovery of his 1874 patent and the newspaper articles in 1875 reporting the invention. The program included an interview with State Representative Charles Jenkins, who introduced a resolution in the Georgia General Assembly last year to name a portion of Highway 180 the Micajah Clark Dyer Parkway.
Show host, Cindy Williams, President of the Blairsville-Union Chamber of Commerce, opened the program standing near the sign on the Parkway. She said, "The impact that this man has had on the history of Union County is just beginning to be realized." She proceeded to interview Clark Dyer's great great granddaughter, Sylvia Dyer Turnage, who related the story that had been handed down orally for 130 years before the patent was discovered and detailed what has been done to provide recognition for the pioneer inventor over the past year.
There is no question but that the program shined more light on a genius who, until recently, was unknown except to those who are descendents of the Dyer family and others who lived in the community where he invented a flying machine.
The Autumn Leaves group at the House of Prayer Church in Blairsville, Georgia heard the amazing story of Micajah Clark Dyer, Georgia's Pioneer Aviator from Union County, who invented a flying machine which he patented in September 1874. They heard about the eyewitness stories of neighbors who saw him get his machine airborne as he slid down rails he built on Rattlesnake Mountain in the Choestoe District of Union County. They also viewed newspaper articles dated July 16, 1875, and July 31, 1875, telling about the invention.
Many of them did not know about the recognitions Dyer has received recently from different sources, including the Governor's recognition, a ceremony naming of a section of Highway 180 running through Choestoe Community the "Micajah Clark Dyer Parkway," the proclamation of a "Micajah Clark Dyer Day in Union County," the hanging of a commemorative stamp display at the Union County Courthouse, his nomination to the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame and a broadcast of the story on Mountain Trails by Windstream Channel 4.
The group was interested in the progress being made toward further recognition of Clark Dyer for his early contributions to the development of aeronautics. Some very good suggestions were made about ways to get the information known throughout the county, state and nation. They felt that reconstruction of the machine, a museum to house it, and other projects would bring this interesting part of history to the public's knowledge, give honor to Dyer, and produce benefits to the county and state.
Pictured above: The field owned by Dyer where he flew his aircraft.
The first of a series of programs called "Mountain Trails" and featuring the story of Georgia's pioneer aviator, Micajah Clark Dyer, will be shown on Windstream Channel 4 on the dates and at the times listed below.
Mondays, March 19 and 26, 2007, at 8:30 p.m.
Tuesdays, March 20 and 27, 2007, at 9:00 p.m.
Thursdays, March 22 and 29, 2007, at 9:00 p.m.
Fridays, March 23 and 30, 2007, at 8:30 p.m.
Saturdays, March 24 and 31, 2007, 12:30 p.m. and 6:30 p.m.
In addition to these showings, there will be four late shows—Mondays, March 19th and 26th, and Fridays, March 23rd and 30th, at 2:30 a.m.
Be sure to tune in for one or more of these programs and hear the story of a remarkable mountain man whose airplane design was patented in 1874.
Mark Mote, Director and Editor of Windstream Channel 4, and Cindy Williams, President of Blairsville-Union County Chamber of Commerce, are beginning production of a series of programs on people, places and history of North Georgia. The first of these programs will feature the story of Union County's pioneer aviator, Micajah Clark Dyer, whose airplane design was patented in 1874.
While Mark filmed on February 22, 2007, Cindy interviewed Sylvia Dyer Turnage, great-great granddaughter of Clark Dyer, who authored a book "The Legend of Clark Dyer's Remarkable Flying Machine" and an article for the 400 Edition magazine, "Pioneer Aviator Waits 132 Years for Honor." Sylvia also has been interviewed for Clark Dyer articles published in the Gainesville Times, CNI Newspapers (Athens), Union Sentinel and Altitude magazine (Blue Ridge). She has made presentations on the topic to many church and civic groups in Union County and adjoining counties.
Mark and Cindy will be interviewing other people as they continue with the production of the program on Clark Dyer, which they expect to air in mid-March, 2007. As soon as a date is set for the broadcast, details will be posted on this site. Be sure to check back here over the next few weeks so you won't miss the date!
Where is Windstream Channel 4 available?
A sheet of U. S. Postage stamps featuring one of the drawings of Micajah Clark Dyer's aircraft., taken from the patent he obtained from the U. S. Patent & Trademark Office on September 1, 1874, is now hanging in the Union County Courthouse. Dyer lived and farmed in the Choestoe District of Union County, where he built and flew his plane two decades before the Wright brothers' famous flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C. in 1903.
Stories of his flying machine were kept alive through Dyer family oral tradition until 2004, when Stephen Dyer, a teenager and descendent of Clark Dyer, found the patent on the Internet. According to tradition, both the patent and the aircraft were sold after Dyer's death on Jan. 26, 1891 to some Redwine brothers of Atlanta or Gainesville who were interested in building a plane of their own.
Discovery of the patent still on file with the Patent Office has resulted in Dyer receiving several other honors for his invention during the past year. House Resolution 413, unanimously passed by the Georgia General Assembly and signed by Governor Sonny Perdue on April 28, 2006, named Georgia Highway 180 from the Gainesville Highway to the Brasstown Bald Mountain Spur the "Micajah Clark Dyer Parkway." Commissioner Paris signed a Proclamation on August 17, 2006, declaring September 1, 2006, "Micajah Clark Dyer Day in Union County." Dyer has been nominated for induction into the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame at Robbins Air Force Base, Warner Robbins, Georgia, and information about his invention is planned for inclusion in Georgia's "100 Years of Aviation History" to be celebrated this year.
The Morning Glory Circle at First United Methodist Church in Blairsville, Georgia was very excited and amazed to hear the story of Micajah Clark Dyer's invention of a flying machine here in the Choestoe District of Union County way back in 1874, years before anyone else had succeeded in getting a controlled vessel airborne. Sylvia Dyer Turnage, great-great granddaughter of Clark Dyer, was the guest speaker who related the story to them at their January 3, 2007, meeting.
As the ladies looked at the patent issued for the machine on September 1, 1874, they expressed surprise at the ingenious drawings and specifications produced by Dyer, who had only an eighth-grade education and who spent his life on a remote mountainous farm, having only limited contacts with people outside the community. The story of Dyer's invention had been handed down orally to each generation of the family, and the first written account of it was by Watson Dyer in the Dyer Family History, privately published in 1980. Watson interviewed a couple of people who were eye witnesses to several flights by Clark Dyer in his plane, as well as dozens of others who had been told the story by their parents and grandparents.
It wasn't until 2004 that Clark's patent was finally discovered by one of the young descendents doing a Google search. Then, in the following year two 1875 newspaper articles were discovered that reported the invention, the St. Louis Globe-Democrat on July 16, 1875, and The Eagle (Gainesville, Georgia) on July 31, 1875.


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text:
Valnötsolja är en fet olja som finns i valnötskärnor och utgör 40–60 % av vikten. Oljan innehåller glycerider av linol-, linolen- och isolinolensyra, oljesyra, myristin- och laurinsyra och är en torkande olja. Den torkar dock långsammare än linolja.

Valnötolja luktar skarpt och har tydlig valnötsmak.

Oljan är olöslig i vatten, glycerin och alkohol. Dess INCI-namn är: Juglans regia seed oil ["the oil derived from the nut meats of the walnut"]

Valnötsolja är en väsentlig källa av omega-6-fettsyra och även en bra källa av omega-3-fettsyror.

Framställning

Oljan kan utvinnas på principiellt tre sätt:
 Urkokning av valnötter i vatten och dekantering. Den tillvaratagna produkten är alltid något vattenhaltig.
 Kallpressning av valnötter vid högst 30 °C
 Varmpressning vid 80…120 °C av det som återstår efter kallpressning
Pressad olja kan sedan raffineras för större renhet genom filtrering, behandling med syror och alkalier m m.

Den kallpressade olja är antingen färglös eller svagt gulgrön till färgen och har en behaglig doft och smak. Den varmpressade oljan har starkare grön färg och skarp doft och smak. Oljan kan även bli ofärgad genom blekning, och befrias från lukt med hjälp av vattenånga. Vaxrester kan frånskiljas genom frysning.

Utvinning sker i bland annat Sydeuropa, Sydostasien och USA.

Användning

Valnötsoljan har användning som matolja, till oljelampor eller i tvåltillverkning. En ljus olja, som blekts, används i viss utsträckning till konstnärsfärger. Den är också uppskattad som medel för ytbehandling av träföremål som kommer i kontakt med livsmedel. Oljan används även för hudvård och som solskydd. den används även som massageolja och för medicinskt bruk. Invärtes kan den mildra irriterad tjocktarm. Valnötsolja intogs i den svenska farmakopén 1817 och kvarstod där i några decennier.

Inom kokkonsten används oljan främst för kalla anrättningar eftersom hög temperatur kan fördriva oljans doft- och smakämnen och ge den en bitter smak, samt förstöra oljans antioxidanter.

Källor
Meyers varulexikon, Forum, 1952
 Shenet

Vegetabiliska oljor
Målningsfärger

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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32 Bangladeshis among 81 migrants rescued off Tunisia coast
They were heading to Europe from Libya
Sun May 15, 2022 10:53 AM Last update on: Sun May 15, 2022 11:05 AM
Migrants rescued by Tunisia's national guard during an attempted crossing of the Mediterranean by boat, rest in Tunisia, last December. AFP file photo
The Tunisian navy said on Saturday (May 14, 2022) it rescued 81 migrants, including 32 Bangladeshis, who had set out for Europe from Libya on a barely seaworthy vessel, Arab News reports.
The boat, which had been damaged, was boarded around six kms off Tunisia's northeastern coast, the report quoted the navy officials.
It carried 38 Egyptians, 32 Bangladeshis, 10 Sudanese and a Moroccan, all aged between 20 and 38, who had set off from the coastal village of Abu Kammash, close to Libya's border with Tunisia, according to what the migrants told officers.
One of the migrants is a woman. They were handed over to the national guard for processing.
Tunisia and neighbouring Libya are key departure points for migrants seeking to reach European shores, often in poorly-maintained vessels, the Arab News said.
The Italian island of Lampedusa is only about 130 km from the Tunisian coast.
Last month, Libyan authorities arrested 542 would-be migrants preparing to depart for Europe in inflatable boats, a security source said.
An AFP photographer said most of the migrants were originally from Bangladesh, the report said.
The International Organization for Migration has said that nearly 2,000 migrants drowned or went missing in the Mediterranean sea in 2021, compared to 1,401 the previous year.
It is the world's deadliest migration route, but people hoping to build a better life in Europe increasingly risk it.
Bangladeshi migrants / rescued / Tunisia coast / Libya's border / deadliest migration route / Europe
Apple has to switch to USB-C from lightning cable on iPhones for European market
Germany's cricket boom poised to hit the silver screen
Worries grow over jobs in Malaysia
Voyage to Europe: 64 stranded Bangladeshis agree to return home
Ensure welfare of returnee migrants


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Tag: Serge Davri
Old School Review: "Shoot The Piano Player" (1960)
Posted on February 11, 2020 March 20, 2020 by spacecortez
*As this film is sixty years old, there will be spoilers.*
Written and directed by François Truffaut, "Shoot The Piano Player" is an adaption of the noir novel "Down There" by David Goodis. Ironically, this was Truffaut's 2nd film after "The 400 Blows" and the second film of his I've seen (The first being "Breathless" which is also reviewed on this blog). This film has heartened me to the infamous French 'New Wave' filmmaker far more than "Breathless" did, which isn't to say that I disliked that film, "Shoot The Piano Player" simply kept my attention far easier. Perhaps this is due to Truffaut wanting to showcase the influence American films had on his work, or because of it's non-linear story structure that reveals character development and evolution through elaborate flashbacks. Either way, I rather enjoyed this film by Truffaut.
The film opens with a man in a trenchcoat being pursued for unknown reasons through the streets of Paris at night. We get a short conversation between the man and a stranger who's helped him off his feet after a short tumble. They stride in a casual pace and ponder the intricacies of love and marriage before the stranger turns off another street and our focus rips back into a hurried flurry as our man enters a small, dingy, jazz bar filled with dancing patrons. There we discover that the man we've followed here is Chico Saroyan (Albert Rémy), brother of the pianist Charlie Kohler (Charles Aznavour), who is irked when Chico flippantly calls him Edouard in a teasing manner. Chico's on the run from a couple of gangsters that he'd scammed out of their share of a heist, and they're onto him. He pleads for Charlie's help, but Charlie's uninterested- he left his family behind awhile ago- but he still stalls the two thugs when they barge into the bar anyways. Eventually the two gangsters track down Charlie and the waitress Léna (Marie Dubois) from the bar, as they saw him with her later that night, and they nab both off the street at gunpoint. They escape with the help of an inquiring police officer and flee before the film takes a huge flashback that encompasses (what feels like) most of the second act. Léna then takes Charlie back to her apartment to hide out where she reveals that she always knew of his past as Edouard Saroyan, famous piano player that sold out concert halls all over Paris.
We're then treated to a lengthy deep dive into Edouard's past as he began practicing piano, courted a waitress, Thérèse (Nicole Berger), at a local diner and eventually married her before he got famous as a world class performer. Eventually they grow apart with the wealth and fame going to Edouard's head as they continually fight over seemingly trivial issues that are actually clues to the much deeper issues growing between them. A few surprising reveals later and we discover the source of Edouard's inner sadness and general melancholy towards the world around him before cutting back to the present. After they decide to quit the bar life Edouard and Léna work towards rescuing Fido (Richard Kanayan) the youngest Saroyan brother from the two gangsters. Unfortunately for them, Plyne (Serge Davri) the lummox tending the bar, has become enraged at Edouard's advances toward Léna. A fight then breaks out between them that ends in the back alley with Edouard stabbing a knife into Plyne's back! Though Edouard had tried to stop the fight, Plyne would not yield- the women had seen him take up such a cause and he was committed to finishing it, quite the bad luck. Thus, with blood on his hands, Edouard decides to head out to the old Saroyan farmhouse with Chico and Richard (Jean-Jacques Aslanian), the eldest Saroyan brother. It's not long before the two gangstera arrive with Fido in tow to confront Chico and retrieve their portion of the stolen money. There's a shootout in the snow and everything essentially gets resolved with Léna informing Edouard that the police absolved him of his crimes as multiple neighbors had seen him try to stop Plyne in the fight. It was self defense after all. Unfortunately, Léna got caught in the ensuing crossfire and didn't make it back to Paris. Fido was reunited with his brothers though. The film ends with Edouard returning to that same dingy dive bar and sitting back down at his crummy piano to play once more, while staring blankly into space as the film fades out.
This film had a more playful edge than "Breathless", despite carrying heavier plot points overall, but I believe this helped to buoy the film more evenly as a whole. You can definitely see the influence of American Noir films here in Truffaut's second film, but more specifically you can feel the presence of Alfred Hitchcock clearly and knowingly. So while this is most certainly a French film in the 1960s (Multiple instances of smoking in bed, sensations of nihilism sparking into poetic manifestos before swinging back into nonchalance, and a very loose and undefinable playfulness when concerned with intimacy and sexuality), you can rest assured that the film has a destination at the end, with a more focused narrative- which might just be preference- but it worked for me! Check this one out if you can.
Final Score: 2 Gangsters


DESPITE midfielder Tom Owen-Evans netting a brace Hereford squandered a two goal lead and were held to a 2-2 draw at Darlington.
The 21-year-old, who is a product of the Newport County Academy, scored a 15th minute opener with a long range effort which squirmed past the goalkeeper before tapping home from close range five minutes into the second half.
However, after a misplaced Mike McGrath pass allowed David Syers to pull a goal back on the 53rd minute and as the hosts threw everything at an equaliser Jordan Nicholson eventually fired into the bottom corner with just six minutes remaining.
Hereford could have left without anything had substitute Simon Ainge simply headed down while unmarked inside the box with two minutes remaining, but instead put his effort wide.
"It was disappointing not to get the three points in the end after going 2-0 up but personally to open my account for Hereford and to get the two goals," said Owen-Evans who joined from Falkirk last month.
"I have been here four or five games now so hopefully I'm settled and I can kick on from here.
"Until I came to Hereford I hadn't played a competitive game since August so it was always going to take a few games to find my feet and then that match sharpness is back as well after that so hopefully I'm back to where I can be now and I can kick on from here.
Mike Symons returned to the Hereford line-up following the injury which has put him out of action since pre-season and made an immediate impact almost flicking home Billy Murphy's shot in the first half when Hereford were 1-0 ahead.
Owen-Evans did score Hereford's second goal after sliding home after Kyle Finn worked his way in from the byline.
When talking about the goal, Owen-Evans said: "I just found myself free and I've made up the ground and Kyle (Finn) has got to the byline and unselfishly cut it back to me so it was a tap-in for me in the end.
"I like playing in a number 10 role and today Mike McGrath and Billy Murphy were almost behind me so I had a bit of security and a licence to get forwards.
Hereford: Yates, Thomas, Greenslade, McGrath, Cullinane-Liburd, Smith (c), Murphy (O'Sullivan 59), Owen-Evans, Roberts, Lloyd (32), Symons.


Last year, Hurricane Maria destroyed the ground under their large three-story home. including shelter through TSA, short-t.
I've lost $3,500′: Carer seeking legal advice to recover money Ballina woman Monica Kapeen was caring for three young relatives under eight years old when she started buying funeral insurance for.
Ying-Shu Hsu spent more than year as a full-time Chinese tutor and nanny to Rupert Murdoch and Wendi Deng's daughters, Chloe and Grace. Six years ago, while holding then 2-year-old Chloe. were cove.
You may qualify for new car-loan rates at some lenders. After all, a vehicles coming out of a lease is usually just a few model years old, and you'll probably. for a short time if you're having a s.
Best friend testifies eighth-grader Jamie Silvonek plotted with soldier boyfriend to kill her parents The week before police found her buried in a shallow grave, Cheryl Silvonek caught then 20-year-ol.
But on Sunday the 42-year-old tapped in for. on suspicion of driving under the influence in Jupiter, Florida. – January 20.
A section of an over 50-year-old. Bag, 21, a resident of Silpara in Behala. Four cars, a minibus and a two-wheeler plunged.
29: A 21. car was rifled through. There are no suspects, and the case is no longer under investigation. Sept. 29: The thef.
The city of Santa Monica and other defendants will pay $21. Weller's car, and $5 million to a family that lost a 62-year-old grandmother and a 7-month-old child. The two families will also split $1.
And this time, it didn't stop," the 69-year-old grandmother. insurance For several of Harvey's victims, a crowdfunding campaign brings hope of relief, even if it's only temporary. Elise Gibson, for.
The monthly payment will be $515 because Chris has opted for the average loan term, which will take nearly six years to pay off. So far, it seems as though we're under budget. But Chris hasn't yet fac.
That's because you're more likely to get injured in the tiny subcompact than in any other vehicle in a crash, according to an insurance industry study released Thursday. The Highway Loss Data Institut.
plus 19 years of interest, and the tripling of damages under civil racketeering law. In such cases, a final judgment "can be devastating to even a deep-pocket defendant like an insurance company,'' sa.
During the past decade, the rise in car-sharing services. who bought a vehicle last year opted to lease, up from 21 percent in 2011. Millennials were the biggest group of lessees with a household i.


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Wendy's, the nation's 3rd largest hamburger chain, released its modestly positive quarterly report today. The company reported $0.11 earnings per share for the quarter, beating the consensus estimate of $0.10 by a penny. Over a two-year period, Q3 same-restaurant sales increased 4.5% in North America.
Revenues were $364.0 million in Q3 2016, compared to $464.6 million in the third quarter of 2015 – but that decline is misleading since ownership of 433 restaurants was transferred to franchisers.
So what's going on behind the scenes? For a deeper dive into the data, we used SIGNUM for Restaurants to evaluate what the company did and didn't talk about on the call.
On Wendy's Q2 earnings call back in August, President and CEO Todd Penegor spoke about the chain's drive to sustain its "clear and compelling price value proposition to customers." This operation is extremely important in the macro context of declining grocery store prices, which serve as an existential threat to the entire restaurant category.
Here's where our data supports the earnings call: the news for Wendy's is very good in terms of price and menu stability.
Wendy's wants customers to walk in and know they're getting a good burger and fries – at a low price point. This consistency is a strength, and the data bears it out. In the chart above, note how flat the conversation is about Wendy's pricing, and how schizophrenic the same conversations about costs are at Five Guys over a 2-year period. Customers are weary of Five Guy's regional pricing and cost tweaks (usually increases) and comforted by the stable experience at Wendy's.
Even the popular "4 for $4 Meal," introduced in October of 2015, had no real impact on the quantity of conversation about Wendy's pricing. This is because the offer merely formalized the existing, successful status quo: tasty burgers, chicken nuggets, and soft drinks at low price points.
On the call, Wendy's executives discussed the campaign to have customers feel the food is "worth what I pay." Our data shows these efforts were largely successful.
While the consistent pricing and menu strategy has indeed been rewarding, it was perhaps the introduction of a limited-time offer that was most responsible for the growth.
On August 15th of this year, Wendy's introduced 50-cent Frosties. The offer was an immediate hit with consumers as it touched on two of their favorite things about Wendy's: low prices and the taste of the Frosty itself.
Note how the less-expensive Frosty gobbled up market share for dessert conversations in the hamburger space after the August release.
One concern for the chain, especially as it drives toward a franchisee-only model is the in-store experience. As we have seen, there is a clear benefit to the reliable cost and taste of Wendy's offerings. But there's a downside to that predictability; many of the storefronts need repair and modernization, processes that are more difficult to implement with a less centralized model.
One of the bellwethers for Wall Street analysts looking at Wendy's is the acceleration of its digital programs, including POS technology. The challenge today for Wendy's is that consumers online are not validating this progress.
Here our data revealed something that wasn't discussed on the call. Complaints about wait times at Wendy's are up 23% Q3 over Q2. The most common gripes center around word clusters like "slow" and "20 minutes."
In the final analysis, WEN's solid 3rd quarter was bolstered by the strength and affordability of its menu, in the face of declining grocery prices. Its strategic, selective use of LTOs ("4 for $4 Meal," and 50-cent Frosties) only served to reinforce this branding.
On the flip side of this stability is the aging of its physical locations and outmoded digital and mobile programs, which also hurt the in-store experience. The challenge going forward will be to improve those conditions while still transferring more of the business to franchisers.


This entry was posted in Chronic Pain and tagged Chronic Pain, Dear me, Depression, journal entry, Marfan Syndrome, old. Bookmark the permalink.
Your blog overall has inspired me to write a post about how grateful I am that I was diagnosed as an adult. This letter is so powerful. I don't know if my teen self could handle chronic pain, though I was experiencing it, I honestly thought it was a girl thing, and all women feel this way. So I never felt alone. I'm so thankful that I was such a ditz, haha. Thank you for sharing your strength.
Amazing, I wish I had the strength you had then now, as always Katie, be well.
Thanks Ben! I think I could use some of the strength I had back then right about now too. Hoping that you are well!


While simply walking around London, Bucky Turco and Aymann Ismali of ANIMAL came across two artists who were working on a striking mural of two birds. The artists in this video they captured, Bailon and Sliks, are both from Sao Paulo. The wall they were working on is called the Shoreditch Ad Wall. The Shoreditch Ad Wall, much like the Bowery Mural in New York, is home to a rotating display of original art. If you like good street art, be sure to track down this wall and see what the latest mural is the next time you're in this London neighborhood.
Barcelona and Berlin might be known for their guerilla street art, but graffiti isn't reserved for these cosmopolitan capitals alone. Instagram user laurenirons snapped this shot while in Jogja, Indonesia. Also known as Yogakarta, Jogja is a city known for its classical Javanese fine art and culture, and it's a place to discover the iconic local art forms of batik, poetry and puppet shows. But it's also known for its street art. On this wall, we see old meeting modern, in a graffiti version of the Ramayana story.
Do you have a photo that captures the spirit of travel? Submit it to our Gadling Flickr pool, or by mentioning @gadlingtravel on Instagram and tagging your photo with #gadling.


You wouldn't know it by watching him play football, but Vontaze Burfict actually has a brain inside his head.
But after seeing what took place at Nissan Stadium on Sunday, you're justified in being skeptical.
During the second quarter of the Cincinnati Bengals' game against the Tennessee Titans, Burfict picked up an unnecessary roughness penalty after a late hit on Titans running back DeMarco Murray. On the very next play, Burfict was among a slew of Bengals who tackled a scrambling Marcus Mariota just short of the goal line. Apparently still upset about the penalty on the previous play, Burfict made contact with an official and was promptly ejected.
While exiting the field, Burfict taunted Titans fans, including flashing the "get money" gesture.
Surprisingly enough, this was Burfict's first time being ejected from a game in his career. Still, his controversial actions on the field are well-documented, and likely will contribute to the Bengals linebacker being punished to some degree.
#Bengals LB Vontaze Burfict was ejected for making contact with an game official — and you have to think a fine or suspension is coming.
Throughout his five-plus years in Cincinnati, Burfict has been fined $303,637 for his on-field shenanigans.