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Faster Memory for the Pentium 4
By Loyd Case on November 2, 2001 at 3:28 pm
However, another company is poised to ship a DDR chipset for the Pentium 4, with Intel's blessing and a P4 license in hand. That company is SiS (www.sis.com.tw), and they will be shipping the 645 and 650 chipsets in quantity shortly. The company has suggested that major motherboard companies are lining up to use it.
On the other hand, Rambus isn't sitting still on the technology side. At the recent Rambus Technology Conference, the Mountain View, CA company announced it was developing an even higher bandwidth memory technology capable of 8 data samples per clock (see: "Rambus Flirts with 3.2 GHz Data Rate"). But that technology, codenamed "Yellowstone", won't be available until 2003 at the earliest. So in the interim, Rambus would like to see Intel support a faster frontside bus for the current generation of Pentium 4 systems, and they suggested an increase to 533MHz would be in order. However, Intel has not announced any increases in frontside bus speeds for the current 850 generation. The 850e, slated to ship early next year and support the 0.13-micron Northwood version of the Pentium 4, is likely to support a 400MHz frontside bus. In fact, comments from Intel suggest that the topic is currently being debated, but they declined to make any definitive statements.
Meanwhile, as we noted, SiS is getting set to ship the 645 and 650 chipsets. Unlike VIA's offering, the SiS core logic will support DDR 333 (aka PC2700 with 2.7GB/sec max data throughput) memory. DDR 333 hasn't been finalized as a JEDEC standard, but that standard is in the works. Meanwhile, SiS is validating certain DDR 333 modules for use with the 645. We'll take a closer look at the SiS 645 offering shortly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Here is the full video of the "The 2019 Sunhak Peace Prize Award Ceremony" which was held at the Chamshil Lotte Hotel in Seoul on February 9, 2019. This was the third time and awardees were Waris Dirie, a Human Rights Activist Fighting for Eradication of Female Genital Mutilation, and Dr. Akinwumi AyodejiAdesina, a leader of spearheading Africa's Growth and Good Governance through Agricultural Innovation. For more information see SunHak Peace Prize Foundation.


The clinic provides respectful, non-judgemental, and diversified care while rising to the challenge of the epidemic of substance use.
Against the backdrop of an unprecedented opioid crisis, the Providence Crosstown Clinic is a bold step forward, as the only clinic in North America to offer medical-grade heroin and the legal analgesic hydromorphone to chronic substance use patients in a supervised clinical setting.
Unlike safe injection sites, where clients bring their own drugs, the Providence Crosstown Clinic has an on-site pharmacy that provides prescription injectable opiates based on each client's need.
Doctors, nurses, social workers and counsellors are available and clients receive support in numerous other ways including life-skills counselling, housing referrals and direction to legal assistance.
The Providence Crosstown Clinic's vision is to create opportunities for care, advocacy and learning, while a key part of its mission is to advocate for a "continuing stable treatment program," which, as evidence continues to show, is helping people stabilize their lives and, in many cases, reclaim them.


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Monsters Return Home for Game 3 Against Syracuse
In the first-ever series meeting between the two teams in the Calder Cup Playoffs, the Cleveland Monsters, AHL affiliate of the NHL's Columbus Blue Jackets, drop the puck vs. the Syracuse Crunch, AHL affiliate of the NHL's Tampa Bay Lightning, on Tuesday in the third game of the two teams' best-of-five North Division Semi-Final series with full coverage, live from Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse, underway at 7:30 pm on Alt 99.1, AHLTV and the Monsters Hockey Network. After a 5-1 win in Saturday's Game 2, the Monsters lead the series 2-0.
MONSTERS PRE-SCOUT: Following a 5-1 road win in Game 2 of their best-of-five North Division Semi-Final series vs. the Syracuse Crunch on Saturday, the Cleveland Monsters hold a 2-0 lead in the series. Cleveland is led in playoff scoring by LW Sonny Milano (1-3-4), C Ryan MacInnis (1-2-3) and C Mark Letestu (2-0-2).
CRUNCH PRE-SCOUT: Following a 1-5 home loss in Game 2 of their best-of-five North Division Semi-Final series vs. the Cleveland Monsters on Saturday, the Syracuse Crunch maintain a 0-2 deficit in the series. Syracuse is led in playoff scoring by C Carter Verhaeghe (1-3-4), RW Cory Conacher (1-2-3) and D Cameron Gaunce (0-2-2).
REGULAR-SEASON SERIES: While this North Division Semi-Final is the first postseason series between the Monsters and Crunch in the teams' franchise histories, Cleveland went 2-2-0-0 vs. Syracuse in the regular season with a -3 goal differential (14/17) and the Monsters were 1-1-0-0 vs. the Crunch at War Memorial Arena with a -2 goal differential (7/9). In the playoffs, the Monsters are 2-0 vs. Syracuse with a +6 goal differential (10/4).
MONSTERS GOALTENDERS PLAYOFF STATISTICS
32 Jeff Smith
LAST APPEARANCE:
39 Brad Thiessen
2 GP, (2-0), 0 SO, 2.00 GAA, .895 S%
(18/19) in 5-1 W at SYR 4/20/19
35 Matiss Kivlenieks
CRUNCH GOALTENDERS PLAYOFF STATS
41 Atte Tolvanen
ON THE ROAD:
51 Martin Oullette
80 Eddie Pasquale
(27/30) in 1-5 L vs CLE 4/20/19
KEYS TO SUCCESS:
SONNY'S SHINING: Cleveland's leading playoff scorer is LW Sonny Milano who is scoring at a two point per game pace in the North Division Semi-Final and is coming off a three-point performance in Cleveland's 5-1 Game 2 road win.
ON THE MARK: Monsters C Mark Letestu leads the Monsters with two playoff goals and has eight points (4-4-8) in his past eight combined regular-season and playoff outings.
NEW FACES: On Monday, the Monsters released D Keoni Texeira from his PTO contract and recalled D Justin Wade from the ECHL's Florida Everblades. Cleveland additionally signed D Will Lochead to an amateur tryout (ATO) contract and D Desmond Bergin to a professional tryout (PTO) deal.


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In what 'frame of mind' do you watch "Star Trek"?
Posted by A Middle Aged Geek on May 3, 2020
Meet the Virtual Family.
The casts of Star Trek: The Original Series (TOS), The Next Generation (TNG), Deep Space Nine (DS9), Voyager (VGR), Enterprise (ENT) and Discovery (DSC).
Star Trek has been ("and always shall be") a part of my life for as long as I can remember, and for the foreseeable future. To varying degrees, I enjoy the show in all of its incarnations, past and present. I'm as old as The Original Series (both of us debuted in 1966). I grew up watching both TOS and its animated spinoff (TAS) in syndication. I enjoyed the TOS movies and the debut of The Next Generation during my teens and 20s in the 1980s. I spent much of my 1990s bachelor days enjoying what some call Star Trek's golden age… the decade when we had three live-action Star Trek series (Next Gen, Deep Space Nine, Voyager), and four movies (!). The 21st century has, to date, brought us three new TV series (Enterprise, Discovery, Picard), a final TNG film, and three rebooted "Kelvinverse" movies. Each new chapter of Star Trek brings new memories for me, and not just memories of favorite characters or stories, but personal recollections of my own headspace at the time I watch them. Seeing old Star Trek episodes or movies these days feels more like leafing through a personal scrapbook album than binge-watching a TV show.
I'll try to illustrate with I mean with a few examples. The following not be a traditional review of Star Trek per se, but nevertheless there will be…
**** STARSHIP-SIZED SPOILERS AHEAD!! ****
May 3rd, 1993.
I still remember that non-historic, utterly ordinary night 27 years ago (exactly, as of this writing). I was at work one morning when my kindly boss noticed that I wasn't doing so well, and she let me leave early. I rode my motorcycle home (a bit shakily, perhaps) and decided to try and take a short nap. Turns out I was running a high fever (103 F, according to my handy digital thermometer). After a disturbing nap of hallucinatory fever-dream imagery that'd make Satan crap his pantaloons, I woke up early in the evening because… well, a new episode of "Star Trek: The Next Generation" (TNG) was airing that night. Yes, I was such a diehard Trek-nerd that even a high fever wasn't keeping me from a date with my 20" Sony Trinitron…
Will Riker (Jonathan Frakes), looking about a tenth as badly as I felt the night I saw "Frame of Mind"…
Turns out, I was in really bad shape; shivers, muscle aches, chills, and dizziness. If I were smart, I would've gone to a hospital, but there was a new Star Trek episode, so…priorities. The episode, ironically titled "Frame of Mind," was eerily suited to my own frame of mind that night 27 years ago.
Riker, Dr. Crusher (Gates McFadden) and Commander Data (Brent Spiner) rehearse a play in the ship's theater (a redress of the Ten-Forward set).
"Frame of Mind" sees the Enterprise-D's first officer, Commander William Riker (Jonathan Frakes) rehearsing for a play called "Frame of Mind" for which he's playing the lead. The play concerns a man locked against his will in a high security mental ward, trying to convince his doctor, played by the android Commander Data (Brent Spiner), that he is not insane, despite the doctor's efforts to convince him otherwise. The play, directed by ship's CMO, Dr. Crusher (Gates McFadden), is very heavy stuff…
Data compliments Riker on his "method" approach to the role, as Counselor Troi (Marina Sirtis) looks on…
The B-story has Riker preparing for a mission to the planet Tilonus IV. The planet's government has collapsed into anarchy. Klingon Security Chief Worf (Michael Dorn) briefs Riker about Klingon martial arts, accidentally cutting Riker's face, necessitating a trip to sickbay. The wound is healed, but it still hurts. A crew member nearby is being treated for a severe plasma burn, and looks at Riker with a haunted, accusing look. He later sees an alien crewman in the turbolift with a disturbingly familiar face…
Early use of CGI (seen here in the remastered Blu Ray) depicts Riker's own shattering reality…
Riker then performs the play for the crew. During an intense monologue, Riker sees the unknown alien crewman (David Selberg) in the audience, and reality begins to change…suddenly, he is in the play, becoming the character who is trapped in this Kafka-inspired nightmare. Data's doctor character has now assumed the guise of the alien (now called "Dr. Syrus") in the audience, and tells him, "I can see we have a lot of work to do."
Riker and Dr. Syrus (David Selberg) review the various 'projections' of his own personality…
Riker's reality shifts between his life aboard the Enterprise-D and the reality within the play "Frame of Mind." Sometimes he is back to his life as the ship's executive officer and at other times he is trapped in a Tilonius mental hospital, trying to convince his condescending therapist he is 'cured' and that his former ship's colleagues such as Crusher, Worf, Counselor Troi (Marina Sirtis) and Captain Picard (Patrick Stewart) are merely 'projections' of various elements within his own personality.
Susanna Thompson (later appearing in Deep Space Nine's "Rejoined" and as Voyager's "Borg Queen") plays a fellow inmate at the psychiatric facility who convinces Riker that she is an abducted Starfleet crew member… until she starts speaking into her spoon.
In the hospital's common area, he is 'helped' by another inmate (Susanna Thompson) in a chilling scene where she tells him she is also a member Starfleet…and then proceeds to pull out a stolen spoon to 'contact her ship.' Riker begins to doubt everything. The episode constantly shifts back and forth between realities in increasingly eerie and terrifying scenarios,
Reality shatters one final time to reveal…it was all one big hallucination. When I first saw this episode, my own grip on reality was only slightly more firm than Riker's…
Long story short, Riker eventually learns he is, in fact, being held captive by the government of Tilonus IV and is eventually rescued by his colleagues from the Enterprise-D. Riker is not insane, and his nightmarish 'reality' on Tilonus was manufactured in order to obtain intel from him. The pain in his temple was from an alien device attached to his head. Much of what he experiences in the episode is a hallucination.
Riker pulls Worf's dagger to defend himself…just as he is beamed away by his colleagues on the Enterprise-D.
The ending sees Riker and Crusher in the ship's theater, following his performance of "Frame of Mind" for the ship's crew. Riker insists on tearing down the set himself, as a way of cathartically putting the entire experience behind him.
My own 'frame of mind.'
While TNG's "Frame of Mind" is a very good episode, it's not necessarily an exceptional one. However, my own memories of seeing it are very intense due to the circumstances in which I first saw it. I still remember sitting in front of my little TV, shivering under a throw blanket, feeling very unsure of my own senses. My own fevered vulnerability and self-doubt were well-synched with the confusion and turmoil of Will Riker.
"LET ME OUT OF HERE!!" TNG costar Jonathan Frakes arguably gives his best performance of the entire series in this episode. He's also become an accomplished director in both TV and film.
Later that night, I soaked my sheets with sweat after several fresh rounds of nightmares (one or two of them directly inspired by TNG's "Frame of Mind"), but the following morning, I woke to find that my fever had broken. Riker's cathartic 'triumph' at the end of the episode perfectly mirrored my own relief at conquering that horrific fever. Once I managed to eat a little something, I decided to rewatch "Frame of Mind" (courtesy of the timer-set VHS recording I'd made) because I began to wonder if I'd hallucinated the entire thing. Turns out that "Frame of Mind" was still plenty disturbing (even after a hot bowl of chicken soup), but my previously fevered mindset greatly enhanced the reality-bending elements of the story. That said, Jonathan Frakes' performance was still amazing, with or without a high fever.
How "Star Trek: Generations" saved me.
One of the very first pieces I wrote for this site was my defense of 1994's "Star Trek: Generations" (GEN) which I'd seen repeatedly trashed online (and in print) as one of the worst Star Trek movies. I won't go into all of the reasons why I don't believe that, because that was the point of my original essay in the link below:
In defense of "Star Trek: Generations" (1994).
What I'd like to detail here instead is why this admittedly flawed movie was so special to me, and that is something entirely subjective. It's not just a matter of my own personal tastes (or lack thereof), but also of the circumstances in which I first saw the film.
"Star Trek: Generations" (1994). Captain Jean-Luc Picard (Patrick Stewart), still in 18th century British naval apparel after Worf's promotion ceremony, receives some painful personal news that hit me almost as hard as it impacted the character.
1994 was a brutal year for me. In March of that year, I'd been involved in a horrific motorcycle accident; hit by a drunk driver, breaking both of my legs, my hip, my right arm, my shoulder, my nose and even a few bones in my right hand. Imagine the Six Million Dollar man, minus the newfound bionic powers, but with a similarly high hospital bill. After months of surgeries and rehabilitation, I leased a new apartment downstairs from my old place (stairs were a bit harder for me afterward), and had to reset the scattered puzzle of my life, one piece at a time. Then in early August of that same year, my dad passed away. It was too much. Between slowly reintegrating back into work, scheduling followup surgeries, dealing with medical bills, an ongoing lawsuit against the drunk driver's insurance company, and my beloved father's passing, I was spent. My life felt like a bad country song left on 'repeat.' Luckily I had my friends, family and the ceaseless, reaffirming optimism of Star Trek (yes, Star Trek…a TV show) to help me navigate those difficult times.
Troi and Captain Picard review the Picard family album as the captain laments the many things his nephew Rene will never experience. There are times when watching old Star Treks feels nearly as personal for me as leafing through an old photo album…
November 18th of that year (a Friday night) I went with a Trekkie friend of mine to an opening weekend showing of "Generations" at my city's 'all-new' stadium theatre (stadium seating was not commonplace prior to 1995). Right off, the movie raised my spirits with the haunting opening music from TNG composer Dennis McCarthy, the majestic launch of the Enterprise-B from spacedock, the rescue of the El-Aurian refugees from the Nexus, Worf's promotion ceremony, the destruction of the Amargosa observatory and other shiny bits of Star Trek-spectacle. After a hellish year, it was like getting a much-needed hug from my virtual Star Trek family when I needed them most.
"Oh my…" Captain Kirk (William Shatner) goes off into the true 'final frontier' in "Generations." Kirk's death resonated deeply with me, since my own father died that same year, and was about the same age as Shatner.
The movie also had a great deal of tragedy, and I felt the pain of the characters acutely. I grieved right along with Captain Jean-Luc Picard (Patrick Stewart) following the loss of his brother and nephew in a fire at Chateau Picard (seen again in "Star Trek: Picard" ). There was also the fatal crash of the USS Enterprise-D on the surface of Veridian III (a spectacular piece of miniature FX work), and of course, the climactic death of Captain James T. Kirk (William Shatner) himself. Kirk's death was perhaps not as heroic or epic as some fans might've preferred, though I found his smaller, more human scale death to be much more poignant. It was especially painful for me, since my own late father was about the same age as Shatner when he died.
The simple cairn on a desert hilltop was a much more poignant sendoff for Kirk than the 'blaze of glory' death for the character that some fans might've preferred.
In addition to the tragedy, "Generations" also has some silly bits, too. The Enterprise-B's Captain John Harriman (Alan Ruck) is more Gilligan than starship captain material, Data's emotion chip histrionics get old very fast, and the Klingon Duras sisters are about as camp as the 1960s "Batman" TV series.
"What we leave behind is not as important as how we lived."
"Generations" is not perfect, granted, but it's the ending that really gets to me. The film ends with Picard and Riker surveying the damage of the lost Enterprise-D's bridge, as Picard observes, "Someone once told me that time is a predator that stalks us all our lives. I rather believe that time is a companion who goes with us on the journey, and reminds us to cherish every moment, …because they'll never come again. What we leave behind is not as important as how we lived. After all, Number One, we're only mortal."
Those words, beautifully spoken by Stewart, and (no doubt) written hurriedly by TNG scribes Ronald D. Moore and Brannon Braga to meet the November 1994 release date, somehow rang far deeper and more profoundly in me than I suspect the two writers ever intended. Those words were the very tonic I needed at that time.
The USS Enterprise-D; 1987-1994. It's true what they say about 'all good things…'
I went to see the film several more times that winter, including a New Year's Eve screening with a new friend from work (we bonded over that film, and remain friends to this day). While many saw the film as a downer, I saw it as an affirmation. In the face of loss, there was also a sense of growth. "Generations" spoke to me in a uniquely personal way that I suspect it won't for most casual viewers.
"Gain strength from the sharing…"
Laurence Luckinbill as "Sybok" in Star Trek V: The Final Frontier: "Gain strength from the sharing…"
Now, I bring this to you, valued reader: Would you like to share any unique memories or circumstances you've experienced while watching "Star Trek"? Have you ever found a particular Star Trek episode or movie personally inspiring for some reason? Has a Star Trek story spoke to you in some other profound or personal way? Maybe there is an episode that gives you an involuntary smile or an uproarious laugh? Please share your own experiences in the comments section below, and (to quote "Sybok") let us "gain strength from the sharing!"
Caithlin Dar (Cynthia Gouw) wearing her coronavirus mask three decades before it was fashionable…
And, of course, during this difficult time I once again wish you and all of your loved ones good health during this difficult and deadly coronavirus/COVID-19 pandemic. For the time being, please continue to practice safe-distancing, wear masks in public, and be as safe as possible. Remember that Star Trek can be safely viewed in many streaming formats, including CBS-All Access, Netflix and Amazon Prime.
Let's all do our best to continue to live long and prosper!
Images: Trekcore.com
#JonathanFrakes#StarTrek#StarTrek:TheNextGeneration#StarTrekVPatrickStewartStarTrekGenerationsStarTrekTOS
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firewater65 says:
We share a similar relationship with Trek and things on two wheels (I walk with a limp to this day). Great write. Thanks for sharing.
Thanks! And yes, I've got a bit of a limp as well. Kinda sucks, but that's where that classic Star Trek optimism helps, right?
David Moberly says:
I'd like to share that I loved ToS Star Trek as a kid in the 70s but was frustrated because I was usually too young to appreciate the story lines that didn't involve action or aliens. To be honest, I found some episodes boring because I couldn't understand it; however, because TV Guide listed Start Trek as science fiction I thought it was just smart I was supposed to learn but just wasn't there yet. But then in 4th grade I gto from the Scholastic book order a Start Trek that went covered every ship and timelines of Trek for which I often found fascinating, finally able at age 9 to take in the wonderful vision of Start Trek. Besides that, I loved my Start Trek play set with a transporter that allowed you to make the action figures "disappear". Watch from 1:27 to 1:40 to see my thrill from the TV commercial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNTP9xroLSE
Love that commercial!! I had some of those action figures too. Kirk and Spock, and I might've had the Klingon too. Spock was always my favorite. Those ads brought back nice memories. Thanks 🙏 😊
Tyler F.M. Edwards says:
This is a really interesting post, thanks.
Having been raised on Star Trek much like you, I have a lot of memories of it throughout my life, though most of them probably aren't as meaningful as the ones you outline here.
There is one that sticks out for me, though. I'll never forget watching the Enterprise episode "Azati Prime" for the first time.
I'd grown up on TNG and Voyager, which for all their strengths are very "safe" shows. It was all but inevitable that each episode would end with everyone happy and healthy, and the ship in tip-top shape. There was never a real sense of danger to any of it.
Then "Azati Prime" comes along, and the entire episode is nothing but the heroes being handed one crushing defeat after another. It ends with the Enterprise burning in space, as horrified crew members are sucked into space from numerous hull breaches. It feels utterly hopeless.
Never in my life up to that point had I encountered a story where the heroes where so utterly outmatched. It struck me as incredibly brave for the writers do, and extremely powerful. It had a profound effect on me and continues to influence my writing to this day. I think a truly powerful story needs an "Azati Prime" moment, where all seems lost… only for the heroes to eventually succeed even in the very darkest of hours.
Thanks, Tyler!
Your experience watching "Azati Prime" is exactly what I was hoping to read in the replies; how individual episodes either affected you personally, or how your own emotions at the time you saw them colored your perception.
Thanks for sharing that!
I can definitely see why you are so attached to Enterprise, as it moved you so deeply.


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Rediff.com » Business » DSPML okays transfer of stake to BlackRock
DSPML okays transfer of stake to BlackRock
By Joydeep Ghosh in Mumbai
September 17, 2008 11:29 IST
In a move to pacify its worried clients, DSP Merrill Lynch today issued an official communication to mutual fund distributors, declaring that the company would now be renamed as DSP BlackRock Mutual Fund.
This is in line with the realignment of Merrill Lynch's asset management business in 2006 when it was combined with BlackRock (with assets of $1.4 trillion).
With the global rearrangement of Merrill Lynch's asset management business, the 40 per cent stake held by DSP Merrill Lynch Limited in DSP Merrill Lynch Fund Managers Limited will be transferred to BlackRock. The balance 60 per cent will be held by the DSP Group, through its investment companies.
The board of directors of DSP Merrill Lynch Fund Managers Limited has approved this transfer. However, it is awaiting clearance from the Securities and Exchange Board of India.
Consequent to the transfer, DSP Merrill Lynch Fund Managers Limited will be renamed as "DSP BlackRock Investment Managers Limited", while DSP Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund will be rechristened as "DSP BlackRock Mutual Fund".
Joydeep Ghosh in Mumbai


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Maps/Graphs
Future of the Arctic
September 20, 2013 • Volume 23, Issue 33
Can the region's resources be safely tapped?
By Jennifer Weeks
Rapidly melting Arctic ice is providing new opportunities for shipping, fishing and access to the region's rich mineral resources. But uncoordinated development could have serious impacts on the environment and native communities, many observers warn. Above, an iceberg rises out of the water off Qaqortoq, Greenland. (Getty Images/Joe Raedle)
Global interest in the Arctic is rising as climate change causes Arctic sea ice to melt at record rates. The receding ice offers access to the region's abundant oil, gas and mineral deposits and could provide shorter shipping routes between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Many nations also want to fish the region's increasingly ice-free waters. However, many observers say uncontrolled Arctic development could damage fragile ecosystems and communities already under serious pressure. Others say the United States is not paying enough attention to the Arctic and has not set detailed priorities for the region. The Obama administration supports energy production in Arctic Alaska, including offshore oil and gas drilling, but Shell Oil suffered widely publicized setbacks last year with its operations in Alaskan waters. Now critics want to bar such projects, but the energy industry and Alaska officials say Arctic oil and gas reserves can be tapped responsibly.
Read the Full Report (Subscription Required)
Buy Full Report
ISSUE TRACKER for Related Reports
Nov. 29, 2019 Climate Change and Health
Sep. 20, 2019 Extreme Weather
Dec. 07, 2018 Plastic Pollution
Dec. 02, 2016 Arctic Development
Apr. 22, 2016 Managing Western Lands
Jul. 18, 2014 Regulating Toxic Chemicals
Sep. 20, 2013 Future of the Arctic
Jun. 14, 2013 Climate Change
Nov. 06, 2012 Vanishing Biodiversity
Nov. 02, 2012 Managing Wildfires
Nov. 04, 2011 Managing Public Lands
Aug. 26, 2011 Gulf Coast Restoration
Jul. 2010 Plastic Pollution
Feb. 2010 Climate Change
Jan. 09, 2009 Confronting Warming
Dec. 05, 2008 Reducing Your Carbon Footprint
Nov. 2008 Carbon Trading
Oct. 03, 2008 Protecting Wetlands
Feb. 29, 2008 Buying Green
Dec. 14, 2007 Future of Recycling
Nov. 30, 2007 Disappearing Species
Feb. 2007 Curbing Climate Change
Dec. 01, 2006 The New Environmentalism
Jan. 27, 2006 Climate Change
Oct. 25, 2002 Bush and the Environment
Oct. 05, 2001 Invasive Species
Nov. 05, 1999 Saving Open Spaces
Jun. 11, 1999 Saving the Rain Forests
May 21, 1999 Setting Environmental Priorities
Mar. 19, 1999 Partisan Politics
Oct. 16, 1998 National Forests
Jun. 19, 1998 Environmental Justice
Aug. 23, 1996 Cleaning Up Hazardous Wastes
Mar. 31, 1995 Environmental Movement at 25
Jun. 19, 1992 Lead Poisoning
May 15, 1992 Jobs Vs. Environment
Jan. 17, 1992 Oil Spills
Sep. 20, 1991 Saving the Forests
Apr. 26, 1991 Electromagnetic Fields: Are They Dangerous?
Sep. 08, 1989 Free Market Environmental Protection
Dec. 09, 1988 Setting Environmental Priorities
Jul. 29, 1988 Living with Hazardous Wastes
Dec. 20, 1985 Requiem for Rain Forests?
Aug. 17, 1984 Protecting the Wilderness
Jun. 15, 1984 Troubled Ocean Fisheries
Aug. 19, 1983 America's Disappearing Wetlands
Feb. 22, 1980 Noise Control
Nov. 16, 1979 Closing the Environmental Decade
Oct. 13, 1978 Toxic Substance Control
Feb. 27, 1976 Pollution Control: Costs and Benefits
Nov. 28, 1975 Forest Policy
May 30, 1975 Wilderness Preservation
Dec. 20, 1974 Environmental Policy
Nov. 14, 1973 Strip Mining
Dec. 01, 1971 Global Pollution
Jul. 21, 1971 Protection of the Countryside
Jan. 06, 1971 Pollution Technology
Jun. 19, 1968 Protection of the Environment
Oct. 30, 1963 Noise Suppression
BROWSE RELATED TOPICS:
International Law and Agreements


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Lionel Neykov is a French songwriter and singer.

He became very popular in Spain during Christmas 2008 after his song Freeze my senses was selected for the annual advertising campaign of the Spanish Christmas Lottery.

Biography
Born to a French mother and a Bulgarian father in Paris, he started playing the guitar when he was 21 years old. He soon started to write and record his own songs.
At the age of 24, he moved to New York, where he currently lives.
In summer 2007 he started working on his first album; Songs of Want and Loss.
After releasing his songs on YouTube and MySpace, his song Freeze my senses was selected by the Advertising agency "Ricardo Pérez Asociados" for the television advertisement they were preparing for the Spanish Christmas Lottery campaign for 2008. When "Ricardo Pérez Asociados" was selected by the Spanish Lottery to produce the commercials, he was contacted again and got a US$20,000 deal for the use of his song on the advertisement, twice what he was offered initially.

References

1979 births
Living people
Musicians from Paris
French emigrants to the United States
American singer-songwriters
French people of Bulgarian descent
21st-century American singers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Susanna Jose Ceremonies
Civil Celebrant, Canberra
Celebrant Services
ACT Civil Unions
Testimonials and photos
Naming Ceremonies: What are they?
'Marry Me! A guide for couples planning their marriage ceremony'
Check out my new book
by Susanna Jose | posted in: Uncategorized | 0
'Marry Me! A Guide for couples planning their marriage ceremony', Susanna Jose
I'm thrilled to announce that my little 'how to' book was published earlier this year, after 18 months of preparation.
Marry Me! was written for three compelling reasons. The first reason was in response to the frequently heard comment, 'We don't do this every day and we have no idea where to start.'
The second reason was my feeling that there is so much on line and elsewhere about all the 'wedding trimmings' and not so much about the ceremony which actually joins people together in marriage. The ceremony itself deserved attention.
Thirdly, Marriage Equality passed into law in Australia in 2017 and yet there is still a lot of stereotypical material around which refers only to brides and grooms. I wanted to make sure Marry Me! was inclusive of, and useful for, all couples.
The book is available as a paperback by clicking one of the following links:
On Amazon here:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/1922261106/
0r the publisher
The MoshShop here:
https://themoshshop.com.au/products/marry-me-a-guide-for-couples-planning-their-marriage-ceremony-by-susanna-jose
Alternatively it's available as an e book.
On Smashwords at:
https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/921524
On Amazon USA at:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07NCTT4TL/
On Amazon Australia at:
https://www.amazon.com.au/dp/B07NCTT4TL/
On Amazon UK at:
https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B07NCTT4TL/
Enjoy. I would welcome reviews, thoughts and comments.
Annelie and Owen's marriage video clip
What I've learnt from 100 marriage ceremonies
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Manor Estates Unit # 43 available for weekly rental for the summer season. 680 feet of shared private beach just waiting for you and your family to enjoy ! Three level unit with great views from the deck while you enjoy your barbeque time. First floor den has a queen futon, the second level has two bedroom each with a queen bed. The lower level has a full size bed for your overflow guests. Walking distance to area stores and restaurants. Internet and cable for your enjoyment. Rental period is from Saturday to Saturday.


In recent years, Liam Neeson has punched one half of a Middle-Eastern crime family, identity thieves, a pack of wolves, and the other half of said Middle-Eastern crime family. Now he has to punch an endangered plane right out of the sky.
Plot holes, an underuse of brilliant supporting actors (not least new golden girl Lupita Nyong'o!), and some incredibly awkward social commentary do serve to clip Non-Stop's wings.
But Liam Neeson is far too enjoyable a lead to make this anything less than 30,000 feet of fun.
A gripping concept and Liam Neeson's fists of fury square off against plot holes and gauche criticisms of post-9/11 America. Non-Stop never soars but it's a fun way to spend 106 minutes.


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L'Iberia (; ), era il nome dato dagli antichi Greci e Romani all'antico regno georgiano di Cartalia () (IV secolo a.C.-V secolo) corrispondente all'incirca alle parti orientali e meridionali dell'odierna Georgia.

Viene anche chiamata Iberia Caucasica (o Iberia Orientale) per distinguerla dalla penisola iberica (Spagna e Portogallo).

Storia

Le prime civiltà
L'area fu abitata nei primi tempi da alcune tribù, collettivamente chiamate Iberiani dagli storici antichi. Gli indigeni chiamavano il loro paese Kartli in onore di un loro mitico capo tribù, Kartlos.

I Moschi, menzionati da vari storici classici, e i loro possibili discendenti, i Sasperi (menzionati da Erodoto), potrebbero aver giocato un ruolo cruciale nella consolidazione delle tribù indigene. I Moschi si erano mossi lentamente a nordest fondando insediamenti mentre viaggiavano. Il più importante di questi era Mtskheta, la futura capitale del regno Iberico. La tribù Mtskheta venne in seguito governata da un capo localmente conosciuto come mamasakhlisi ("il padre di famiglia" in Georgiano).

La fonte medievale Georgiana Moktsevai Kartlisai ("Conversione di Kartli") parla di Azo e della sua gente, che proveniva da Arian-Kartli - l'antica patria dei proto-Iberici, che fu sotto controllo persiano fino alla caduta dell'Impero persiano - per insediarsi nel sito dove sarebbe stata poi fondata Mtskheta. Un'altra fonte Georgiana Kartlis Tskhovreba ("Storia di Kartli") sostiene che Azo sarebbe stato un ufficiale di Alessandro Magno, che conquistò la zona, fino a quando non venne sconfitto alla fine del IV secolo a.C. dal Principe Farnabazo I, che era a quei tempi il capo di una tribù locale.

La storia dell'invasione del Kartli da parte di Alessandro, anche se interamente fittizia, riflette la nascita della monarchia Georgiana nel periodo ellenistico e il desiderio dei successivi letterati Georgiani di collegare questo evento alle conquiste del grande imperatore macedone.

Pharnavaz I e i suoi discendenti

Pharnavaz, vittorioso nella lotta per il potere, divenne il primo re di Iberia (ca. 302 a.C.-ca. 237 a.C.). Respingendo un'invasione, conquistò le zone limitrofe, inclusa una parte significativa dello stato georgiano occidentale di Colchide (localmente conosciuto come Egrisi), e sembra che avesse ottenuto il riconoscimento del nuovo stato dai Seleucidi di Siria. Pharnavaz riformò la lingua scritta georgiana, e creò un nuovo sistema di amministrazione, suddividendo il paese in alcune province chiamate saeristavo. I suoi successori riuscirono a ottenere il controllo delle gole del Caucaso, tra cui la più importante era il Darial (o Porte Iberiche).

A questo periodo di splendore e di prosperità seguì tuttavia un periodo di guerre continue in cui l'Iberia fu costretta a difendersi da numerose invasioni. L'Iberia cedette alcune delle sue province meridionali all'Armenia, e i Colchiani secedettero dall'Iberia formando principati separati (sceptuchoi). Alla fine del II secolo a.C., il re Pharnavazide Farnadjom venne deposto dai suoi sudditi e la corona venne offerta al principe Armeno Arshak che salì al trono iberiano nel 93 a.C., dando così inizio alla dinastia dei Arshakidi.

Periodo romano

I suoi legami con l'Armenia portarono il paese a essere invaso (65 a.C.) dai Romani comandati dal generale Gneo Pompeo Magno, che era in guerra con Mitridate VI del Ponto, e l'Armenia; ma Roma decise di non annettere l'Iberia. 19 anni dopo, i Romani, guidati dal luogotenente di Marco Antonio, Publio Canidio Crasso, di nuovo marciarono (36 a.C.) in Iberia costringendo il Re Pharnavaz II a unirsi alla loro campagna contro l'Albania.

Mentre l'altro regno Georgiano di Colchide divenne provincia romana, l'Iberia accettò la protezione Imperiale di Roma. Un'iscrizione sulla pietra rinvenuta a Mtskheta sostiene che il re del I secolo Mihdrat I (58-106) era "amico dei Cesari" e il re "dei Romani adorava gli Iberiani." L'Imperatore Vespasiano fortificò l'antico sito Mtskheta di Arzami per i re iberiani nel 75.

Nei successivi due secoli i Romani continuarono a esercitare un'influenza sull'area, ma a partire dal regno di Re Pharsman II (116 – 132) l'Iberia riottenne un po' del suo antico potere. Le relazioni tra l'Imperatore romano Adriano e Pharsman II erano tese, anche se Adriano cercò di pacificarsi con Pharsman. Tuttavia, fu solo sotto il successore di Adriano Antonino Pio che le relazioni migliorarono al punto che si dice che Pharsman abbia addirittura visitato Roma, dove, secondo Dione Cassio, venne eretta una statua in suo onore. In questo periodo le relazioni con Roma mutarono con Roma che li riconosceva come alleati invece che come stato sottomesso a loro, una situazione politica che non mutò col tempo, nonostante le ostilità dell'Impero con i Parti.

Territorio conteso tra Roma/Bisanzio e la Persia

Decisiva per la storia futura dell'Iberia fu la fondazione dell'Impero sasanide nel 224. Rimpiazzando il debole regno dei Parti con uno stato forte e centralizzato, cambiò l'orientamento politico dell'Iberia sottraendola dall'influenza di Roma. L'Iberia divenne tributario dei sasanidi sotto il regno di Sapore I (241-272). Le relazioni tra i due stati all'inizio sembrano siano stati amichevoli, in quanto l'Iberia fu alleata dei Sasanidi nelle loro guerre contro Roma, e il re d'Iberia Amazasp III (260-265) venne considerato un alto dignitario del regno sasanide, non un vassallo che era stato sottomesso con la forza delle armi. Ma le tendenze aggressive dei Sasanidi erano evidenti nella loro propagazione del Zoroastrismo, che si diffuse in Iberia tra il 260 e il 290. Tuttavia, nella Pace di Nisibis (298) mentre Roma riconobbe il loro regno sull'area, riconobbe Mirian III, il primo della dinastia cosroide, come re di Iberia. La predominanza romana si dimostrò cruciale, in quanto il re Mirian III e i nobili si convertirono al Cristianesimo intorno al 317. In gran parte del merito di aver diffuso il cristianesimo in Iberia va alla donna cappadoce Santa Nino, che dal 303 aveva predicato il Cristianesimo in Iberia.

La religione divenne un forte legame tra Georgia e Roma (e poi Bisanzio) e ebbe un grande impatto sulla cultura e sulla società iberiana. Tuttavia, in seguito alla pace stipulata fra l'imperatore Gioviano e l'imperatore sasanide Sapore II nel 363, Roma cedette il controllo dell'Iberia alla Persia, e il Re Varaz-Bakur I (Asphagur) (363-365) divenne un vassallo persiano, esito confermato poi dalla pace di Acilisene nel 387. Anche se Pharsman IV (406-409) preservò l'autonomia del suo paese e cessò di pagare tributi alla Persia, la Persia prevalse, e i re Sasanidi iniziarono a assumere un viceré (pitiaxae/bidaxae) per tenere sotto controllo i loro vassalli. I re Sasanidi tentarono di diffondere gli insegnamenti di Zoroastro in Iberia, e a partire dalla metà del V secolo il Zoroastrismo era diventata la seconda religione ufficiale nella Georgia orientale insieme al Cristianesimo. Tuttavia, i tentativi di convertire al zoroastrismo la gente comune georgiana non ebbero molto successo.

Sotto il regno di Vakhtang I (447-502) l'Iberia attraversò un breve periodo di relativa ripresa. Formalmente vassallo dei Persiani, rese sicuri i confini al nord sottomettendo i montanari caucasici, e conquistò la Georgia dell'ovest e del sud. Istituì un autocefalo patriarcato a Mtskheta, e rese Tbilisi capitale del regno. Nel 482 condusse una rivolta contro la Persia e iniziò una disperata guerra per l'indipendenza che durò vent'anni. Non riuscì a ottenere aiuti dai Bizantini e venne alla fine sconfitto, morendo in battaglia nel 502.

Caduta del regno

Le continue guerre tra Bisanzio e Persia per la supremazia nel Caucaso, e la successiva insurrezione fallimentare (523) dei Georgiani sotto il regno di Gurgen ebbe tragiche conseguenze per il paese. Da lì in avanti, il re di Iberia ebbe solo potere nominale, mentre il paese era governato effettivamente dai Persiani. Nel 580, Ormisda IV (578-590) abolì la monarchia in seguito alla morte del re Bakur III, e l'Iberia divenne una provincia persiana governata da un marzpan (governatore). I nobili georgiani esortarono l'imperatore bizantino Maurizio a ricreare il regno di Iberia nel 582, ma nel 591 Bisanzio e Persia si misero d'accordo per spartirsi l'Iberia, con Tbilisi che finì in mani persiane mentre Mtskheta andò ai Bizantini.

All'inizio del VII secolo la tregua tra Bisanzio e la Persia terminò. Il principe iberiano Stephanoz I (ca. 590-627), decise nel 607 di unire le forze con la Persia in modo da riunificare l'Iberia, un obiettivo che sembra aver raggiunto. Ma la controffensiva dell'Imperatore Eraclio nel 627 e 628 vinse i Georgiani e i Persiani e assicurò ai Bizantini il controllo della Georgia fino all'invasione del Caucaso degli Arabi.

Periodo arabo

Gli Arabi musulmani raggiunsero l'Iberia intorno al 645 e costrinsero il suo eristavi, (principe), Stephanoz II (637-ca. 650), a riconoscere il Califfo come suo sovrano. L'Iberia divenne quindi uno Stato tributario e un emiro arabo venne installato a Tbilisi intorno al 653. All'inizio del IX secolo, l'eristavi Ashot I (813-830) della nuova dinastia dei Bagration, dalla sua base nella Georgia sudoccidentale, approfittò dell'indebolimento della dominazione araba autoproclamandosi principe ereditario (kouropalates) di Iberia. Un suo successore, Adarnase II di Tao, formalmente vassallo di Bisanzio, fu incoronato "re dei Georgiani" nell'888. Il suo discendente Bagrat III (975-1014), riunificò la Georgia conquistando tutti i vari stati georgiani.

Iberici occidentali e orientali
Il fatto che anche gli antichi abitanti della penisola iberica si chiamassero Iberici (Iberici 'Occidentali' per distinguerli da quelli del Caucaso), ha portato alcuni a supporre che ci sia una parentela etnogenetica tra Iberici occidentali e gli abitanti dell'Iberia caucasica (chiamati Iberici orientali).

Ciò è stato sostenuto da vari studiosi antichi e medievali. La teoria sembra essere stata popolare nella Georgia medievale. Il prominente scrittore religioso georgiano Giorgi Mthatzmindeli (Giorgio di Mt Athos) (1009-1065) scrive che alcuni nobili georgiani volevano fare un viaggio nella penisola iberica per andare a trovare i locali "Georgiani dell'Ovest".

Note

Bibliografia
 Thomson, R.W. Rewriting Caucasian History (1996) ISBN 0-19-826373-2
 Braund, David. Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 550 BC-AD 562 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994) ISBN 0-19-814473-3
 Lang, David Marshall. The Georgians (London: Thames & Hudson, 1966)

Voci correlate
 Sovrani d'Iberia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Satrapie sasanidi