text:
Tag: Regency
Pandemic Christmas #MaskUp
In the past, this is what I thought a pandemic Christmas looked like:
For bonus points: what is the star at the top of the tree? Hint: it's a "major award." #AChristmasStory
Mr. Hallock and I have each other—and Wile E, seen below—and for this bounty, I am extremely thankful. We are spending our holiday watching This Farming Life, Your Home Made Perfect, and Country House Secrets.
(I highly recommend the last one, Mary Berry's new show, for anyone writing in the British historical romance chronotope. Big house parties are the theme, and the first episode begins with Highclere Castle—or, as you likely know it, Downton Abbey!)
Wile E. is caught here mid-wag. Check out the river, as calm as mirror glass. She needs her bright orange vest just in case. It is hunting season, and she sorta looks like a dumb deer, no?
In case you were wondering, we did win our game of Pandemic. I mean, we cured all four diseases, which is all you need to do—not actually heal the infected. It all feels very 2021.
For slightly more festive posts from Christmases past, check out the links below. And, whichever holiday you celebrate, if any, everyone at Little Brick Books wishes you a safe, healthy, and happy one.
A 1960s Christmas postcard from the Philippines, courtesy of the fabulous Pinoy Kollektor website.
Posted on December 24, 2020 December 25, 2020 Categories LifestyleTags boardgames, Christmas, chronotope, Country House Secrets, Downton Abbey, Edwardian, Maligayang Pasko, Mary Berry, Merry Christmas, pandemic, Pasko, Regency, This Farming Life, Victorian, Wile E., Your Home Made Perfect
History Ever After, Part I: The Fabricated Chronotopes
Diversity of geography, time period, and representation exists in historical romance novels, both traditionally and independently published. However, mainstream bestsellers are disproportionately: (1) set in Great Britain; (2) overpopulated with nobles; and (3) selective in their historical accuracy. These three criteria define the most popular chronotopes.
Before we break down these three observations, it's definition time. The Literary Encyclopedia says that a chronotope is: "A term taken over by Mikhail Bakhtin from 1920s science to describe the manner in which literature represents time and space." I am adding geography and ethnicity to this construct. Therefore, this study examines historic, geographic, racial, and ethnic diversity within English-language romance sold in the United States and written at least fifty years after the events described.
the British setting
I began with bestseller data for the last six months, relying first upon Romance Writers of America to identify the bestselling books by member authors and then doing my own investigation to determine whether these romances were historicals. This past April at the New England Chapter of RWA's annual conference, Cat Clyne, editor at Sourcebooks, called the historical market "soft." And this is partly true: in conventional print bestseller lists, historical romances by RWA-member authors are at most 11% of bestselling romances. They have the largest market share on the Barnes & Nobles Top 20, but in total sales that may not be much. As we will see later, the role of historical romance has a larger impact than sales on the overall romance industry.
But let's look at these 2018 bestsellers: 4/5th of them are set in one of only two periods: (1) 19th century England and (2) Scotland, in any period. Regency romance is almost half of the industry. The Regency, when Prince George ruled in proxy for his incapacitated father, George III, lasted only from 1811-1820. However, the era's "style" may extend a decade or two on either side. Queen Victoria ascended to the throne in 1837, a date that should be the firm beginning of the Victorian age. Publishers still play with this date, though, depending on how they want to market a book. For example, Devil in Winter by Lisa Kleypas—a book that earned the title of #1 romance of all time in the All About Romance readership poll—is marketed as Regency, even though it is set in 1843. (More on this poll below.)
The obsession with the Regency is backed up by my own survey in February and March 2018 of 336 self-identified historical romance readers. Respondents could choose more than one favorite, and over 90% of them chose Regency, with Victorian romance following closely behind at over 70%. More revealing, actually, is the fact that when asked if there were more periods that they would like to see used in romance, 25% said no. They are perfectly sated by the dominant chronotopes that exist. (However, 8% would like to see anything non-Western, a statistically-significant number because this was a write-in response chosen independently by 27 readers.)
Critical reception follows the 19th-century British trend. All About Romance periodically identifies the top 100 romances of all time through a readership poll, and though this survey process was problematic from a social science standpoint, they do provide us with a current read on a longer-term market. Of their ranked top ten, six out of ten are historical, which skews high as compared to current sales data. Five out of these six are set in the 19th century. (The other is a time-travel Scottish romance. Ahem, Outlander.)
The British Peerage
Another characteristic illustrated by the AAR poll is the obsession with the British peerage: five out of six historicals dealt with peers or lords and their heirs. Only KJ Charles has a relatively elite gentleman without a family title. Moreover, her book breaks class and sexuality assumptions that exist within the chronotope. This proves that alternatives do exist, and they do garner critical and reader attention—but note that this book is still not available in paperback and therefore will have a hard time making the conventional bestseller lists. And keep in mind that this is the only one of six that broke the mold.
The 2018 RITA finalists showed a similar result: out of the seventeen finalists in historical categories, including historical novellas, 71% were set in the Regency and 24% were set in Scotland (with some overlap between those two). That is a total of 88% set in these two chronotopes. Note that 35% of these finalists have duke or duchess in the title—not in the book, but in the title.
Neither the AAR poll or the RITAs are outliers: in the past six months, over one-third of the top 20 Regency and Victorian romances on Amazon's bestseller lists have included either duke or duchess in their titles. If you extend that count to marquess and earl, the numbers jump to one half. In my industry producer survey, one author called this the 10,000 dukes problem.
Several other authors reported that they had been asked to change the settings of their novels to Regency, and often specifically to dukes. One wrote: "Hero had to be a duke (again) to improve marketability. This is ridiculous. There were at most a couple dozen dukes running around Regency London at once, and they were not all tall, dark, grouchy, and in want of female companionship. Try telling my trad house editor that."
This author was on the money: there were 24 non-princely dukes in 1815, out of a British population of 19.2 million. These dukes averaged over 50 years of age, and if you have ever seen The Supersizers Go "Regency," which is recapped at Just Hungry, the period diet would not quite leave one with chiseled abs. You may remember the era of baron romances, so where did all this peerage inflation come from?
Mary Lynne Nielsen suggested this may be a symptom of rising wealth inequality in the US. The appeal is not just the power that comes with money, but the perceived security that this money brings. It is a similar phenomenon to billionaire books in contemporary romance, though it is easier to run into an American billionaire today (1:598,889) than a Regency duke in Britain (1:800,000).
Despite the fact that Pride and Prejudice earned the 5th place spot on AAR's survey, Jane Austen is not really to blame for this duke obsession. First, while some claim their love for the historical romance genre stems from Austen's work, she wrote contemporary novels. Some would argue, moreover, that these are comedies of manners with romantic elements rather than romance genre books. But, most importantly for our peerage discussion, Austen only mentioned one duke in the most passing of ways, according to the Jane Austen Wikia. Fitzwilliam Darcy was the nephew of an earl, the closest Austen ever comes to a peer hero.
Georgette Heyer, on the other hand, was much more interested in peers, especially in her Regency novels. 43% of Heyer books have duke, marquess, or earl (or their issue) as heroes; and if you consider all peerage ranks (down to baron), 68% of Heyer's heroes are peers or their issue. According to Laura Vivanco, the bestselling authors who shaped the modern standard of Regency—including Stephanie Laurens, Mary Balogh, and Mary Jo Putney—cite Heyer as their inspiration. Everyone claims to love Austen still, but do we love a Heyer-istic or chronotope remake of what we expect Austen to be, possibly based on our film and television adaptations of her work?
Historical Selectivity
Let's look more deeply at our Regency heroes and where they got their wealth. One author in my survey commented:
For bigger picture things, I hate that there's so little acknowledgement in historical British-set stories where wealth comes from. They might have a throwaway line about 'sugar' or 'land in Jamaica' or 'sent to India to make his fortune,' but there's absolutely no acknowledgement that this wealth is built on the backs of slaves or violent oppression. I don't want every historical I read to be a history lesson on the evils of slavery but this refusal to even nod to the realities of historical fact completely erases entire continents and populations from their place in history.
For all the reasons mentioned above, it is unfair to pick on Mr. Darcy—except for the fact that Jane Austen gave us a figure: £10,000 a year. This may have been an exaggeration, but it is a number to start with. How much does this mean in modern terms? Well, it depends on how you measure the purchasing power of the money, but it could be a princely sum. Where did he get this money? Tenant farmers? Coal mines? Sugar trade in the Indies? Why don't we ask?
The chronotope is selectively inaccurate when realism endangers the happily-ever-after. Can you have a happily-ever-after with a slaveowner? (Yes, there was a 2015 RITA finalist with a Nazi concentration camp commandant, but I do not accept this story as romance because of the inability to consent in such a situation. I borrowed the book from the library to try to read it and could not get past the descriptions on pages 11-13 of their first meeting when she, knowing of the medical experiments the Nazis were performing, and afraid the hero was here to collect her to use in those experiments, still manages to swoon over his squared jaw and vibrant green eyes. Or maybe that wasn't a swoon, but just her malnutrition. Ugh.)
The popular chronotope of 19th century Britain avoids such issues by erasing these uncomfortable aspects of history from the story. And yet the authors I surveyed claimed that accuracy was extremely important to them, and in impressively specific ways. For example, when was the doorknob invented? Ella Quinn will tell you that it was not until June 8, 1878, that Osbourn Dorsey filed the patent for a turning doorknob. There were no doorknobs in the Regency. Some readers who are sticklers will pan a book for a doorknob, waltzing before the scandalous dance was introduced, decorating a German-style Christmas tree in Regency England, or using peerage titles incorrectly.
And yet no hero has syphilis. Of course not because it is a reality that does not fit the romance genre requirements. There can be no HEA with syphilis. Until penicillin was widely introduced in the 1940s, the recovery rate was 1%. After a latency period (3-15 years), the disease caused seizures, internal bleeding, physical deformations, loss of motor functions, organ failure, dementia, aneurysm, and death. We know that taming the Regency rake is a common trope—and where does one become a rake other than with a mistress, or at a gaming club, or brothel, where it had to be easy to contract syphilis through sexual contact. Honestly, though, it was easy to contract syphilis anywhere: between 8 and 15% of the general population was infected with this disease in the 19th & early 20th centuries. And because of the latency stage, you often did not know you had it. Doctors would often not tell their patients that they had syphilis, nor would they tell a man's wife about his diagnosis, even though he was 92% likely to give it to her within the first year.
And being wealthy or a duke did not protect you from this scourge. In fact, you were more likely to die from the disease than your textile workers, coal miners, or tenant farmers. Being young didn't help either: based on records of Chester, England, 8% of our heroes should be contracting syphilis before age 35. But they don't, and this is why the Regency chronotope works.
Advantages of the Regency Chronotope
Let's stop talking about syphilis. Let's be historically selective for the purposes of a happily-ever-after, character-driven story: this is "escapism." One blogger called this chronotope a "Never-Neverland mash-up that's been dubbed 'The Recency' or 'Almackistan.'" I have also heard it called a "wallpaper historical," a "costume drama," or a "Disney Regency." It is a cleaner, safer, prettier, better-smelling, and happier world than the real Regency ever was.
Best of all, there are low barriers to entry, for both readers and authors. A reader can jump into a new duke Regency as easily as an episode of a favorite television program. It takes only a little marginal effort to start a new book, or a new author, or a new series. Because the history and rules are already known before the reading begins, the author can dive right into character development. The key research for the author is reading more of the same. One author, Maggie Mackeever, advised prospective authors to "Immerse [themselves] in Georgette Heyer" and to "Read until [they] have the era fixed clearly in [their] head[s]." In other words, Regency dukes are commodities. We can buy and sell them easily on the free market—in novel form, of course.
Where is the harm in this? A good book is a good book, right? In moderation and with an audience who understands how this world has been fabricated, any reader can enjoy a Regency duke story. No single book, author, publisher, or reader is wrong. Read it all! But there are problems, in the aggregate. To find out what the are, read part two of History Ever After.
(To go back to the History Ever After content page and find the handout flyer, click here.)
Posted on June 27, 2018 October 15, 2018 Categories EventsTags British, diversity, historical fiction, historical romance, IASPR, peerage, Regency, RWA, Victorian
History Ever After, Part II: The Problem of Chronotopes
In part one of History Ever After, I illustrated how bestselling historical romance is dominated by selectively accurate British peerage chronotopes, especially the Regency. So what, you ask? A good book is a good book. I agree: in moderation and with an audience who understands how this world has been fabricated, any reader can enjoy an exciting duke romance. I read everything.
However, the aggregate impact of these chronotopes can be harmful to our understanding of history, to the romance market as a whole, and particularly to authors of diverse books.
Mirrors and Windows
A popular concept in the discussion of multicultural books is the question of whether fiction is meant to reflect one's own identity and experiences, like a mirror, or provide insight into the identity and experiences of another. British peerage historical romance bestsellers are mirror texts for the dominant culture and windows text for readers of color. We need more of the reverse, too.
This is not a new concept. In 1965 Nancy Larrick wrote up a study in which only 6.7% of children's books had one or more African-American character. This was a problem for African-American children who could not see themselves in books as heroes, wizards, or just boys and girls. But Larrick saw another problem, too. She wrote that "the impact of all-white books upon . . . white children is probably even worse. . . . There seems to be little chance of developing the humility so urgently needed for world cooperation, instead of world conflict, as long as children are brought up on gentle doses of racism through their books."
Fifty years on from Nancy Larrick's study, we're not doing any better in Romance, according to the Ripped Bodice's State of Racial Diversity in Romance Publishing Report. Half of the publishers surveyed in 2016 had only 5% or fewer of their books written by people of color. While diverse books do exist, it is not enough—and too often they are published independently, without traditional backing or wide print distribution. This is a self-fulfilling prophecy: if you publish only what is selling best now, then future bestsellers will be confined to this same limited chronotope—a vicious cycle. True to form, the numbers are worse in 2017 than in 2016: 10 out of 20 publishers surveyed had fewer books published by authors of color than the year before.
Part of the problem is the lack of diversity WITHIN publishing. This 2015 Diversity Baseline Study by Lee & Low Books, a multicultural publisher that is minority-owned, illustrates the problem. These numbers do not include two of the Big Five publishers: Simon & Schuster (which includes Pocket Books) and HarperCollins (which includes romance behemoths Avon and Harlequin). Given the Ripped Bodice numbers, though, I cannot imagine their inclusion would make the industry more diverse, at least on the author side.
Last year, Penguin UK announced the new company-wide goal for "both our new hires and the authors we acquire to reflect UK society by 2025." If American publishers tried this, they would need to target the following numbers, based on 2016 estimates by the United States Census Bureau: 61% white, 17% Latino, 13% Black, 6% Asian, 2.6% mixed race, 1.3% American Indian, and more. The numbers Lee & Low show us are far from such a representative target.
Everyone needs both mirror texts and window texts. We need them in different balances at different times in our lives, but we need both. We need diverse historical romance to be pushed with the same kind of institutional support that an Avon Regency duke book gets. Why isn't that happening?
Misunderstanding History
Part of the reason is we misunderstand history. There is damage done when people believe that the chronotope is history. For example, if one only read the British peerage chronotopes, one might not know that people of color existed in Europe from Rome to the Middle Ages and beyond. Examples from art of the period not only proves this, but also that people of color existed at every level of society, too. Medieval Europeans discriminated more by class than race, a word they did not have.
Images from the period, from left: Amazons, Le secret de l'histoire naturelle, France ca. 1480-1485, BnF, Français 22971, fol. 2r; Juriaen van Streeck, Still Life With Peaches and a Lemon Netherlands (c. 1650s), Oil on Canvas, 90.5 × 80 cm; Rosalba Carriera (Italy), Africa, (1673 – 1757); The Limbourg Brothers, Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry f. 193r: Exaltation of the Cross France (c. 1412) Illuminated Manuscript. All courtesy of the @medievalpoc account at Twitter.
And do not be fooled: people are getting their history from the genre. Bobbi Dumas wrote an article for NPR entitled "Don't Know Much About History? Read A Romance." She quoted Sabrina Jeffries as saying, "Everything I know about the personal cost of Waterloo, I learned from Regency-set historical romances." Dumas also claimed that "Georgette Heyer wrote such a fine treatment of [Waterloo] in An Infamous Army that it ended up on a reading list for students at Sandhurst, the British military academy." African-American author Beverly Jenkins calls her books "edutainment: entertainment and education," which may be the most accurate way of putting it. "There's no test on Friday," she says, "so [the readers just] drink up the history. They just inhale it."
The Chinese School in Mott Street, New York, 1879, from the New York Public Library Digital Collections.
But which history do readers inhale in bestselling chronotopes? One anonymous author in my survey reported:
I once was told to remove a secondary character who was Chinese-American from a book set in 19th century NYC because the editor believed having a character of Chinese descent in that time period and setting was anachronistic. It was in fact not—I could and did provide ample historical evidence of this—and I refused to change it because I believed not only did it damage the historical integrity of the work, but it also contributed to the white-washing of NYC history.
This editor should have known better. She or he may have even lived in New York. When people in control of publishing have such a warped impression of history by the books they have been the gatekeepers over, then we are in a terrible feedback loop of ignorance.
Perceived Accuracy as a Double Standard
Perceived accuracy is a dangerous weapon, and it can hurt an author's critical reception by people who should know better. Let me show you how this works.
In the AAR Top 100 romance novels process, there were no books by African-American authors on the original stage one voting lists. AAR rushed to change the stage one list after Twitter blew up, but they still left off the Romantic Times 2018 Book of the Year Award winner, An Extraordinary Union by Alyssa Cole. I believe it is a particularly relevant example. First, AAR had the ambition to make such a list, so clearly they consider themselves an authority in the genre. Second, even before it became RT's (last) Book of the Year, it was already a very, very highly praised book. An Extraordinary Union is the story of a free Black woman who goes undercover as a slave in the American Confederacy to spy for the Union and falls for a white pro-Union spy she uncovers along the way. What an interesting story, you say. And outside the British peerage chronotope! So why did AAR omit it? Because they had given it a C.
One of the reviewers questioned whether this book provided a "realistic depiction of the slave experience"? If it were realistic to the slave experience, there would be no happily-ever-after. There was no HEA for slaves. When history endangers the HEA, the HEA comes first because this is romance. It is usually a minor accommodation, as it was in this case. (For example, one reviewer claimed that the heroine Elle had "an awful lot of freedom" for her spying, but this same reviewer later stated that she would still have liked to see "more emphasis placed on the spy portions of the story.") I should point out that Cole's book was a very well researched piece of fiction loosely based on a real person, Mary Bowser. Its treatment of everyone—from Black slaves to white Confederates—is highly nuanced and layered. It also includes a bibliography. [Edited to add: As pointed out in the Book Thingo podcast on romance lists, the real and harrowing risks Elle faced in her role as a slave were explicitly laid out in the book.]
One month later, the same primary AAR reviewer blasted the historical flaws of a Regency duke book: "Ladies didn't run amok unchaperoned in London, and dukes didn't volunteer for the job without any prior introduction or connection to the lady in question." She also wrote that "it's awfully convenient how often [Max] breaks his own rules and finds himself alone with Sophie; and Sophie, country bumpkin, transforms into a sexually confident seductress." The reviewer was "nevertheless charmed" and gave it a B. One reason this happened was because the Regency book was judged against a chronotope, not real history. This is a double standard. Since there is not a pre-established model for diverse Civil War romance, An Extraordinary Union was compared to the inappropriate standard of historical fiction. No romance novel will stand for everything about slavery or the civil war. It can and should be a window into that history, but the world-building has to be done very explicitly to allow for a romance to develop between two characters and to make room for their HEA. Alyssa Cole's Loyal League series is immersed in extensive research, down to a pro-Union insurrection within the Confederacy—an understudied part of the Civil War—but critics need to allow Cole at least a portion of the same authorial agency that they give to Regency duke stories. Overall, this series is more accurate than much in the Regency chronotope.
But be careful: historical world-building also opens an author to the criticism of including too much history in the romance. This was true for Through the Storm by Beverly Jenkins on AAR. Jenkins HAS to do this historical work because it is not a chronotope that the reader understands before page one. But, again, both Jenkins and Cole include bibliographies in the back of their books. How many Regency duke stories do? And yet it seems there is no way to win: these authors are criticized for too much history or too little history.
inertia or incentive
Are the mirror texts of the dominant culture creating bias? AAR is not included in the diversity of reviewers study by Lee and Low Books, but I looked through their site. There seemed to be 2 reviewers of South Asian descent, maybe 3. I saw no African American representation, though there were a few reviewers under pseudonyms with no identifying details so I cannot be sure. I do know that AAR's historical categories only include European and American settings. They have "Indian Historical Romance," but it is about Indigenous Americans ("American Indians"), not Indians from India.
I do not mean to pick on one review site—but, again, if you aspire to poll readers and rank romance novels, your reviews and ratings do matter. [Edited to add: based on inquiries from an AAR reviewer, I acknowledge that other review sites may not be more representative. I did not break down the ethnicity and race make-up of other romance review sites, like Dear Author or Smart Bitches, Trashy Books, the two the reviewer asked me about. The Lee & Low Books study (above) shows that lack of representation in published review journals (also asked about by the AAR reviewer) is a significant problem. I focused on AAR's reviews in this study because of the visibility of the Top 100 list and the bias issues in the survey process.]
Still, no single book, publisher, reviewer, or reader is the problem. The aggregate is the problem. In the aggregate, if authors writing diverse historical romance, particularly authors of color, are not getting traditional publishing support (which the Ripped Bodice statistics show), and they are not getting critical acclaim because of an unequal standard, then they will have a harder time finding their market. They could have a harder time being mainstream bestsellers. And then traditional publishers might say "those books don't sell," which is a way to obscure the fact that publishing has helped establish a market that is unfriendly to these books.
They will be sorry. Pew Research found that the most likely person to pick up a book—in any genre and any publishing format—is a Black woman who has been to college. Reading is an inclusive activity. Moreover, the younger the reader, the more likely she or he is to be non-white in the United States. Yet RWA's own study of romance readers and their membership is significantly less diverse than the nation as a whole. Diversifying the books in the genre should be a matter of survival for the industry—as well as a matter of variety and accuracy.
Is there some optimism from my survey of 336 historical romance readers that they are interested in fresh, new settings outside the British peerage chronotope? If we assume the readers who answered these questions were at least as white as the United States as a whole (61%), then many white readers also want diverse books.
Romance is a commercial industry, and readers can choose to read as they wish. But do they understand that their Regency dukes are a fabricated chronotope? More importantly, do industry professionals realize it? If they focus only on current bestselling trends, they will crowd out other books, alienate future readers, and weaken the industry itself by making it less elastic.
Change is happening fast. Vested interests are facing a challenge in one of the most money-dominated industries in America: politics. On 28 June 2018, the 28-year old Bronx hometown hero Ocasio-Cortez handed a primary defeat to the 4th ranking Democrat, Chair of the House Democratic Caucus, and ten-term incumbent in the US House of Representatives, Joe Crowley—a white man. This is how fast markets can change. Ocasio-Cortez had no corporate donations and 1/16th the funding. And the New York Times missed it.
Similarly, will New York publishing houses miss a similarly sudden shift in historical romance readership? If they do, we need to help each other find books that are a little different: set somewhere else, with more political plot lines, or with broader character representation. Help me crowd-source these lists on Goodreads so we can find the historical romances we need for the 21st century:
Posted on June 27, 2018 August 22, 2020 Categories EventsTags British, diversity, historical fiction, historical romance, History Ever After, IASPR, peerage, Regency, RWA, Victorian
Some updates on History Ever After
For a moment there, I wondered if I was getting to Sydney for IASPR at all. One of the legs of my journey was canceled, and it took two international calls to clear up the mess. (I think I've done it…we'll see if I actually board a plane). When I hung up the phone, I thought to myself: "Gee, I would rather put the finishing touches on my History Ever After talk than grade those thirty-six exam essays waiting for me."
(I would have probably also opted to fold laundry, clean out the fridge, and even scour the shower if any of those would get me out of grading. I feel bad about this reluctance because I teach really great students, and I love to see them succeed. But staring at such a large pile is disheartening.)
In any case, I procrastinated a few hours and updated the data on my slides. The last time I posted about my research, I only had about three months worth of market data to crunch. Now I have six. The results have not changed so much, even as Twitter has been alight with criticism of the lack of diversity in romance in general and historical romance specifically. But I should not get ahead of myself.
The dynamic duo of Regency and Victorian romance still dominates the industry. Of the historical romances that make the New York Times, Publishers Weekly, USA Today, Amazon, and Barnes & Nobles bestseller lists, 63% are set in 19th century Britain. And among online retailers, dukes are like kings:
With the royal wedding this past month, I understand the appeal of the royalty-slash-nobility happily ever after—though this wedding was far more inclusive and kick-ass than any Heyer book, I dare say. (While I am thinking of the wedding, let me give a shout out to my good friend Andres for bringing me a commemorative tin of shortbread. I may have been a little excited—ahem—when I received it. However, that "best by" date sticker has me confounded. I mean, really? The tin is what I want. That doesn't expire. Who the heck cares about the shortbread?)
Anyway, I get it. I really do. But that still does not explain why dukes/duchesses appear in the titles of a third of the Amazon Regency and Amazon Victorian Top 20! (See the above slide.) About the same number of historical romance novel finalists in the 2018 RITAs have duke or duchess in the title. Not in the book; in the title!
The New York Times Review of Books just put out a Summer Romance Reads list. The Review's new romance columnist (yes, they learned to ask someone who actually reads romance to write about romance) indicates a fresh trend: poking a stick at the genre's "reliance on aristocracy." I would have cheered this news loudly if it were not for the fact that 3 of 4 historical romance novels mentioned have peerage or peerage-adjacent heroes (2 duke offspring—one illegitimate—and a marquess). I have no doubt these books are great, and I look forward to reading them. I love all four histrom authors featured, and I have even interviewed Joanna Shupe on this very blog! And a few of these books challenge the chronotope in different ways—for example, Cat Sebastian has written a bisexual marquess and a nonbinary love interest. Cool!
But I want commoner heroes and heroines who make things, heal diseases, and run businesses—and they did in history. Women did, too. The Times book reviewer writes: "In Regency England, the space [strong women] can eke is usually tiny, the size of a marriage and no more. Sure, there are outliers, but authors can only stretch historical constraints so far." First of all, give me those outliers. Outliers make the best fiction! Second, this is true only as the Victorian era restricted women's rights from what they had enjoyed before. So why do we love the 19th century so much?
Despite all these facts above, there are still strong women who made history, no matter the odds against them. And we might expand our understanding of women's work to include the many household management and childrearing tasks that women had extensive control over. And you did see women in professional fields, such as education and health care. There are interesting stories out there.
And I do want to read all four of the historicals on the Times's review. The problem is not them, or any individual book. Any book is great if it is a good story well told. The problem is the effect of the aggregate. The overreliance on two chronotopes—19th century Britain (especially peerage heroes) and medieval England/Scotland—may distort readers' view of history and make the market less friendly to diverse books and authors. This is a theme I will expand upon late this month in my recap of my talk, History Ever After. Stay tuned.
Posted on June 5, 2018 October 15, 2018 Categories EventsTags chronotopes, duke, Harry and Meghan, History Ever After, Joanna Shupe, New York Times Review of Books, nobility, peer, peerage, Regency, royal wedding, Victorian


text:
Q: Sending encrypted email with CodeIgniter 2.0 I'm looking for a way to send an encrypted email using CodeIgniter 2.0 Email Library.
Any libraries out there or a way to extend the built-in library to send encrypted email?
Thanks

A: It's not the CI 2.0 built-in library, but you can send encrypted email with Postmark - and I believe the plugin for CI is very similar to the standard CI email library. http://developer.postmarkapp.com/developer-build.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Marshmello and CHVRCHES Share Music Video for "Here With Me"
Marshmello's new music video supports the First Responders Support Network.
Marshmello is no stranger to unique partnerships, and his latest with YouTube Giving supports a charitable cause. Around a month ago, Marshmello and Glasgow band CHVRCHES teamed up for an emotional release "Here With Me." After performing it most recently this week on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, "Here With Me" now has a music video.
The video follows the story of a Long Beach, California-based firefighter. Though the music video is unique, the situation depicts some of the sacrifices and trauma that first responders and their families face in daily life.
Utilizing YouTube Giving, Marshmello has launched a charitable campaign and placed a donation button beside the "Here With Me" music video. Donations will be raised for the First Responders Support Network, an organization striving to "provide first responders and their families tools to reduce personal and family stress, encourage appropriate career decisions and reduce the effects of traumatic incident stress on an individual's life."
For more on the First Responders Support Network, visit their official website.
Marshmello continues to expand his list of high-profile collaborators.
Marshmello Teases New Track With CHVRCHES "Here With Me"
Another massive collaboration from Marshmello!
Marshmello's Chris Brown and Tyga collab is finally coming.
Marshmello and Bastille Release Heart Wrenching New Music Video for "Happier"
Queue those waterworks and make sure to keep that box of tissues handy!
Marshmello is getting ready to share music from his third album.
Marshmello's event was the biggest day for Fortnite yet.
You've never seen the duo like this before.


text:
excerpt from 'Southbank Centre Archive' (158 words)
On 29 June 1951 in the Cambridge summer vac ( a mature student with national service in the RAF and a year in hospital behind me) I travelled from my parents' home in Essex with friends of both sexes to London. We had a meal at Ley Oh's in Soho, and went to a concert at the Festival Hall, after which we evidently found time to walk round the Festival Exhibition before taking the uncertain train back in the early hours from Liverpool Street. The concert contained Vaughan Williams "Five Tudor Portraits" and Hamilton Harty's "The Mystic Trumpeter". It was perhaps the most elegant looking concert programme yet seen in those austere times (one shilling), with a gold frieze on cream paper. Conducted by Frederick Haggis, the New London Orchestra and Goldsmiths Choral Union, it was the first of many concerts enjoyed since. Asha Desmond and Harold Williams soloists. Began with Elgar's arrangement of National Anthem. (Terrace Stalls, Row L Seat 33).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Henry Ford Museum
How Many of Michigan's Top 20 Attractions Have You Visited?
It's time for a road trip! Have you traveled a lot of the state of Michigan? How many of the top attractions have you been to?
Ferrari From 'Ferris Bueller's Day Off' Now on Display at Henry Ford
A bit of 80s pop culture has landed in Dearborn. The infamous Ferrari used in 'Ferris Bueller's Day Off' is now on Display at the Henry Ford Museum.
Did you Know Michigan's Most Famous Museum Started With a Different Name?
Some people may not know that The Henry Ford Museum was at one time known as the "Edison Institute Museum and Village". This is because Henry Ford named his museum after his idol and friend, Thomas Edison.
Walt Disney Archives Tour Brings Heroes & Villains to Henry Ford Museum
The Walt Disney Archives will bring the Heroes & Villains: The Art of the Disney Costume touring exhibit to Michigan's Henry Ford Museum in June 2022.
Jim Henson Exhibit Opens June 5th at Henry Ford Museum
Get a behind-the-scenes look at "The Muppets," "Sesame Street," and more.
Unique American Auto Racing Exhibit Coming To Henry Ford
The new, permanent, fixture at The Henry Ford offers a one-of-a-kind experience for racing fans.
Enter To Win A Family 4-Pack: The Marvel Exhibit at The Henry Ford
Download our app, enter to win, and you and the family could be on your way to see your favorite Marvel Super Heroes.
Famous Race Cars Coming to Detroit's Henry Ford Museum
Including one connected to a current hit movie.
Banana Don
ATTN: Michigan Star Trek Fans – See You At THIS Star Trek Display
Prepare to geek out.


Interested in a specific animal? Please email: info@cvhumane.org or call us at 319-362-6288.
Becoming a volunteer is easy. The first step is to fill out a volunteer application. You may submit your application online or stop by the shelter and fill out an application.
If you have already submitted an application and have questions, please contact Ken Allers, at ken.allers@cvhumane.org.


Sakura has a mysterious power, a power that no one understands, a power that can change the world.
On the day she goes to the dig to declare her love for Syaoran, a mysterious symbol is uncovered that will have repercussions for them both. When an alien attack causes her to lose her memory, Syaoran's quest through the many alternate worlds turns into a quest to recover the missing pieces of Sakura's thoughts.


text:
Dergousoff Using CAGC to Hone Mental Game→
July 31, 2015 / Swim BC Staff
QUEBEC CITY — James Dergousoff (CHENA), fresh off making his Pan Am Games debut earlier this month, attended to business Friday at the Canadian Age Group Championships by winning 17- and 18-year-old boys 100-metre breaststroke.
The 18-year-old from Christina Lake, B.C., who made his first senior national team this year, clocked one minute 2.52 seconds at the Laval University Sports and Physical Education Pavilion (PEPS) aquatics centre. For Dergousoff, who is intent on qualifying for the 2016 Rio Olympics, this week is essential for his mental game.
"Pan Ams was an extreme high and it's pretty hard to come back at swim Age Groups," said Dergousoff, who will also compete in Saturday's 200-m breaststroke, as well as 200-m individual medley to wrap up his meet. "My coach Patrick [Paradis] and I have regrouped fairly well. We're both pretty excited about [Friday's] swim and [Saturday's] swim, the 200 breaststroke, as well. It was a really nice turnaround for us. It took a few days after Pan Ams of preparing to perform. That's all that needs to be done now.
"Basically, this is my last competition of this year, that doesn't really mean I'm going off," Dergousoff added. "I'm really going to start swimming for next year, starting early in August to get ready for the big grind and haul it will take before the Canadian Olympic Trials. Basically what we want to accomplish is to make sure my mental abilities are at their peak so I can be tougher than anyone else."
Connor Isings of Pointe-Claire Swim Club authored one of the feel-good results of the night by winning gold in 16-year-old boys 100-m breaststroke. Isings lost some three months of training time earlier this season after sustaining a brain injury, but on Friday the Beaconsfield, Que., native prevailed in 1:05.67.
"Right after our Christmas training camp in The Bahamas, the second day we were back I got a concussion that took me out of the water for three months," said Isings, whose clubmate Kevin Bertrand earned a bronze medal in the same event. "I wasn't able to swim at the Eastern championships and that was hard, but I've been able to overcome that and reach the standards I wanted to reach by the end of the year. I couldn't have asked for anything better than how today went."
In 15-year-old girls 800-m freestyle, University of Victoria – Pacific Swimming Club's Molly Gowans (PCS) impressed by paring five seconds from her personal best whilst winning the gold in 8:45.44. The 15-year-old Victoria, B.C., native's time was the fastest of any woman on Friday, with Etobicoke Swimming Club's Olivia Anderson pacing 16- to 18-year-old girls by clocking a time of 8:46.73.
"I could feel that I got out faster than I normally do, but I could see a few people catching up," Gowans said. "But I felt pretty good. I wasn't expecting to have that time, so it was nice. I cannot wait to swim the same events next weekend [at the Canadian Swimming Championships] to see if I can do better."
Etobicoke's Din Selmanovic won the 17- and 18-year-old boys 800-m freestyle in 8:20.07, giving him a distance double after his 1,500-m freestyle win on Thursday.
Eric Tong (RAPIDS), 12, of the Richmond Rapids also set a Canadian boys 13-and-under 50-m freestyle record of 25.53 seconds. Tong erased the mark of 25.84 set in 2010.
Saturday's schedule also includes finals in 100-m backstroke and 200-m freestyle.
For full results:
http://cnq.club/Portals/0/2014-2015/Competitions2014-2015/Resultats_Live_2014-15/LIVE_AGN_2015/index.html
July 31, 2015 / Swim BC Staff/ /Source
Thormeyer Anchors Record-breaking ...
2015 Volunteer & Club of the Year ...


In light of recent tragic and inexplicable events, it seems an appropriate time to discuss one of my favorite covers of all-time. Growing up, I didn't listen to much hip-hop beyond what would crossover into the mainstream, and focused much more of my attention on rock. So my entry into classic hip-hop comes from a different direction than a lot of people, and was influenced by my love of Rage Against The Machine. I became a devoted fan of the band soon after the release of Evil Empire, having been transfixed by Tom Morello's ability to manipulate the guitar in ways beyond its intended purpose in "Bulls On Parade" and "People of the Sun". But I also appreciated Zack de la Rocha's unique drawl and his fiery lyrics, which read into this as much as you need to, very much appealed to a politically-minded middle-schooler. It wasn't long before I attempted to track down everything the band did, and with the advent of file-sharing a few years later, that became easier than ever.
I loved the ridiculous pure noise that Tom was able to coax out of his guitar to mimic the turntable in the original and how by slowing the riff down and adding some distortion the entire band was able to create such a hard-edged groove. It was the perfect example of the group's ability to find the intersection between rap and rock, something that while many other bands attempted during that era but spectacularly failed to do so (as those who have the painful memories from living through the nu-metal era of the late-90's can attest). You can feel Zack's genuine anger in his performance and the passion that he has in what he says, so it's easier to forgive a few of his lyrical mistakes or that he only perform's Ice Cube's verse. I loved this cover so much that I spent countless trips to the record store looking through their bins to see if I could find a copy of the import album Live & Rare so I could have it on disc, ultimately proving successful.
As big a fan as I am of the cover, nothing compares to the anger and importance of N.W.A's original. Their blunt reaction to the brutality of the LAPD was a shock to the rest of the country, but it gave voice to those who experienced repression on a daily basis but had been ignored to that point. While many forcefully disagreed with the group's view and felt that they were a threat, N.W.A was representing the point of view of a constantly persecuted group that felt the need to rebel in any way possible. This is a response and attitude that is as old as popular music itself, but it speaks to the power of hip-hop (and the power of other biases) that there were those who assumed that every lyric the group spoke was intended to be the truth, and as a result should be censored (we're seeing this play out once again with the recent Supreme Court case Elonis v. United States).
As for the music itself, the reliance on simple drum machines and turntables are a hallmark of the era but are also used to great effect. The big hits with each beat provide a nifty contrast to the main funk sample, though the Twilight Zone-ish guitar riff used in the post-chorus hasn't aged well. As for the lyrics, there are several great lines throughout, and unfortunately as pointed out above, they are as relevant as ever.


text:
Critical review of international marketing environment
Assignment 1 (Essay)
Weight: 15% of assessment
Length: 1500 words (excluding references, title page and executive summary)
"No manager can afford to ignore the policies and regulations of the country from which he or she conducts international marketing transactions. Wherever a firm is located, it will be affected by government policies and the legal system." Czinkota & Ronkainen (2013, p.133)
Write an essay to explain the statement with emphasis on home and host country government policies that facilitate and regulate the international marketing activities of a business firm with specific example of such policies from a country of your choice as Home (Country of Origin) and Host (Export/FDI Destination) country.
Tips for the Assignment:
Visit relevant government websites of the country of your choice (your home country is preferred) and identify policies that facilitate and regulate domestic and foreign firms' international marketing activities within the country. Critically evaluate the facilitating and/or regulating role of at least three (3) to a maximum of five (5) such policies. Home country policies may include promotion of export and other international business activities (including FDIs in foreign country markets) of domestic companies, and any policy that sanction or discourage their international marketing activities with any foreign company and foreign market. Host country policies may include government rules that restrict or regulate international marketing activities (including FDIs) of foreign companies within its territory. Your essay can concentrate either on home government policies for domestic companies' international marketing activities or policies for marketing activities of the foreign companies in the country.
Suggested Structure:
1. Introduction: Brief introduction highlighting the importance of understanding home and host government policies and regulations in international marketing activities and provide a structure of the essay (approximately 150 – 200 words)
2. Literature Review: Brief literature review highlighting the use and outcomes of different government policies as a background of study topic (approximately 250 -300 words)
3. Critical analysis of the selected government policies (issues): This is the core of this assignment to demonstrate your understanding of the nature of a policy, its expected objective for the government, and its likely impact and outcome for the domestic or foreign companies. Your discussion must be critical analysis of each policy rather than simple description. Use any supporting empirical evidence from the literature review to support of your argument (approximately 900 – 1000 words).
4. Conclusion: Conclusion to summaries your discussion, implication for your company and comment on any policy (approximately 100 words).
5. References: List all your sources of information for the essay. Follow details on it provided in the Unit Guide.
1. Brief introduction highlighting the main expectation(s) of the essay question and structure of the essay (approximately 150 – 200 words).
2. Critical analysis of the major factors/issues in the chosen topic areas and likely impact of those factors/issues on a company's international marketing operation and strategic direction. Main objective of the critical analysis is to explore alternative managerial viewpoints on different environmental factors/issues to build an in-depth understanding on an international market to develop marketing strategy and managerial
policies (approximately 1000 – 1200 words).
3. Conclusion with highlight on most critical points that may need to be addressed carefully in
designing a marketing plan for the company's international marketing operation. Also highlight any possible limitation(s) to make a clear understanding on any factor/issue
(approximately 100-150 words).
4. References – Use relevant references to disclose data sources used for analysis, concepts
used for interpretation of information and back-up your suggested implication of an issue /factor. Use of proper citation rules (use either APA or Harvard citation rules consistently) inthe body of the assignment and reference list. Reference list MUST be in alphabetical order of the first author's surname (last name). Provide full citation details. Follow Q Manual for appropriate citation and referencing rules. If you don't have a copy of the Q Manual, get it from Moodle link. No word count will apply for reference list and Turnitin will not check this part for Similarity Score if you separate your Essay by inserting the words: Reference List at the end of your conclusion section.
5. Use Essay format.
6. Add headings and sub-headings to enhance readability and professional presentation.
7. Break your long texts into paragraphs – follow 'one point, one paragraph' rule.
Biostats spss kaplan-meier curve | Computer Science homework help
Historical changes in film paper | hum/150 | University of Phoenix
Asian dictionary | History homework help


PHILADELPHIA (KYW Newsradio) — Calling all beer lovers — actually, bear lovers.
If you like animals and beer, the Philadelphia Zoo is hosting a fundraiser Saturday from 5 to 8:30 p.m. for a 21-and-over crowd.
Tickets are still available for OktoBEARfest, a beer festival featuring more than 100 brews from nearly 50 breweries.
There will be food for sale from 10 food trucks, live music, games, and, of course, the animals will be there to greet you as you enjoy samples of beers and ciders.
"Of course like with any other event from the zoo, the proceeds go to support our zoo's mission of our conservation and education efforts and taking care of our fabulous animals," said Kristen Waldren, zoo director of strategic initiatives.
The event offers complimentary shuttle buses from 30th Street Station.
Tickets will not be available at the gate on Saturday night. You can buy them in advance for $55, or $65 if you want an hour head start. A non-drinker ticket is only $35.


text:
Starting a Business Start Your Own Business Course Browse Business Tools Finance Side Hustle Accelerator
Video Podcast Latest News Popular Articles Books Spotlight
Sanjay Sharma
Co-founder & Managing Director, Aye Finance
Sanjay Sharma is the founder of Aye Finance, a young organization driving innovation that delivers customer centered and affordable loans to small and micro enterprises, which had so far been locked out of the financial system in India. As the Managing Director at Aye Finance, he leads the organization and directly supervises the strategy, risk, human resources and finance functions. Under his leadership, Aye Finance has become a vibrant and deeply engaged team that is rapidly setting new standards in building a quality loan-portfolio in an inclusive manner.
With his IIT-IIM pedigree, Sanjay's stellar achievements spanning over 30 years in consumer lending, are no surprise. Not one to stay content with incremental growth, he has led a number of transformational programs in large banks. He pioneered the launch of direct banking channels in HDFC Bank in the 90s and laid the foundation for its large scale adoption by customers. He directed the establishment of consumer lending and credit card operations at ICICI.
How Fintech Startups Are Controlling NPAs?
The entry of new age fintech lenders in the last decade brought about a transformation of the MSME lending landscape in India
NBFC
#3 Ways in Which NBFCs are Solving Credit Deficit for MSMEs
NBFCs are being increasingly looked upon as the change agents that help the micro-businesses unleash their true potential
More Authors You Might Like
Green Entrepreneur® and its related marks are registered trademarks of Entrepreneur Media Inc.
The information contained on this website ("Content") represents the views and opinions of the persons or entities expressing them. The Content does not represent an endorsement by, or the views and opinions of, Entrepreneur Media, Inc. ("EMI"), is intended for informational and educational purposes only, and should in no way be interpreted as medical, legal, or any other advice concerning the cultivation, sale, or any other use of marijuana, which, although legal in some states and local jurisdictions throughout the United States, is currently illegal under federal law, as well as in other states and local jurisdictions. Because of the variety of laws, regulations, and ordinances concerning marijuana, the Content may not be suitable for your situation. Consequently, EMI makes no expressed or implied warranties nor assumes any liability whatsoever, concerning the accuracy or reliability of the information contained herein, including warranties about the legality of, or likelihood of success in, conducting a cannabis business. EMI does not advocate violating applicable law, and therefore strongly recommends that you carefully research applicable laws, and consult with appropriate licensed professionals and other experts, before taking any action in connection with, or based on, such Content.


Do you love local history? Do you love a good treasure hunt? Do you love high-tech gadgets? Put them together to get your library patrons out and about in your local area. Learn how the Ramsey County Library teamed up with the White Bear Lake Area Historical Society to teach about local historic sites using geocaches in this Legacy-funded program. Learn to play the high-tech game yourself using handheld GPS receivers or smartphones! Participants will go outside for the last half of the session so be prepared for the weather.


This mechanism consists of a base with two slots intersecting at right angles. Two sliders are confined within the slots and are attached to a handle by pivots (screws) at fixed positions along the handle. The mechanism can be used for drawing a perfect ellipse. This is done by positioning a writing utensil at the end of the handle while making a full revolution.
With that said, it is often sold in novelty shops with interesting names like Bullsht Grinder, Bullsht Masher or Do-Nothing Machine. Interestingly, most of the names are preceded with state names such as Arkansas, Kentucky, etc. I guess that's how locals make fun of their neighbors.


Ronald Antone Ruiz Sr., 74, of Kapolei died in Kaneohe. He was born in Honolulu. He is survived by wife Colette; sons Ronald A. Jr. and Randy Ruiz and Roddy Paguyo; daughters Donna Lynn Donoghue and Ronessa Brum; brother Robin; sister Patricia Howard; 13 grandchildren; and 11 great-grandchildren. Visitation: 9 a.m. Wednesday at St. Jude Catholic Church, 92-485 Makakilo Drive, Kapolei. Mass: 11 a.m. Burial: 12:30 p.m. at Mililani Memorial Park. Casual attire. Flowers welcome.


Are you and your company interested in becoming a member of MindSphere World? We are pleased that you would like to contribute your knowledge and your ideas to strengthen our community. Each additional member is important and helps us to advance the IoT ecosystem.
In order to download the membership application with all important information, please fill in the form and click send. You will be immediately redirected to the download page. Thank you!


Title: Flower shop "Bila Vezha"
Title: Flower shop "Fleur Delux"
Title: Flower shop "Flower Paradise"
Address: 29 Ivana Franka str.
Title: Flower shop "Kvity dlya tebe"
Address: 70a, 1 Travnya str.
Title: Flower shop "Waltz of flowers"
Address: 15 Vyacheslava Chornovola str.
Title: Flower shop "Fleur Decor"
Title: Flower shop "Dolche Vita"
Title: Flower shop "Zhyvi kvity"
Title: Flower shop "Alenkiy Tsvetochek"
Address: 1A Geroev Dnepra str.
Title: Flower shop "Flowers from Tamara"
Title: Flower Shop "Kraina Kvitiv"
Address: 84 Nebesnoi Sotni str.
Title: Flower shop "Melodia Kvitiv"
Title: Flower shop "Tsvetochnyi Rai"
Address: 52, Geroev Ukrainy str.
Title: Flower shop "U Sester"
Address: 1 Nebesnoi Sotni vul.
Title: studio of decor "Nika"
Address: 34a Krasnyh Partizan str.
Title: Shop "The Balloon Joy"
Title: Flower shop "VIP Bouquet"
Title: "Live flowers and plants"
Address: 121a Lesi Ukrainki str.
Title: Flower shop "Svit Podarunkiv"
Address: 17 Krasna Ploschad str.
Address: 248 Heroiv Maidanu str.
Address: 1 Kyryla Osmaky sq.
Title: Flower shop "Pan Tyulpan"
Title: Flower shop "Broadway Flowers"
Address: 76/63 Bohdana Khmelnytskogo str.
Title: Flower shop "Fleur de Capris"
Address: 3/3 Mykoly Alekseeva str.
Address: 152a Geroiv Vradiivschyny str.
Title: Flower shop "Mir tsvetov"
Address: 40 Stepana Bandery str.


text:
New retail
A plum position for fashion retail
The e-commerce platform for second-hand fashion products has raised $20 million to help it sell high-end luxury on the cheap.
Carol Huang
E-commerce platform Plum completed a follow-on Series B fundraising on Thursday.
The follow-on funding totalled around $20 million and was led by Japanese information platform Recruit Holdings. Existing investors including Matrix Partners China, Qiming Venture Partners and Unity Ventures all participated.
The follow-on Series B funding comes a year after the Beijing-based company's previous round. Plum raised more than $10 million Series B funding in August 2018, led by Matrix Partners China along with IDG Capital and Qiming.
Plum is a platform which sells second hand luxury products, predominantly shoes, bags and clothes. The platform was launched in 2017. It offers a pricing service for people who want to sell their unused luxury products and then sells them online.
The Chinese love luxury goods. Last year, China consumed one-third of the world's high-end products, according to a McKinsey report. And by 2025, almost two-thirds of the sales growth of luxury products will come from China.
E-commerce giants are responding to this demand. Earlier this year, JD.com merged its own luxury platform with London-based online luxury fashion retail platform Farfetch. This was a second move to boost its luxury business after JD.com became a major shareholder in the platform in 2017 with an investment of $397 million.
It is people in their 20s and 30s who mostly purchase luxuries in China and, because of the influence of social media, about 60% of them will make a purchasing decision in less than a week. To capture this momentum, Plum began to live stream on social media in May.
Over the past six months, Plum's user numbers and gross merchandise volume has grown five times, according founder Xu Wei. Proceeds from this round of funding will be used to upgrade the company's service and to provide unique luxury items on the platform.
#plum
#capital raising
#series b
#qiming venture partners
#matrix partners china
#recruit holdings


text:
Why IS involvement is exaggerated
Residents of Palma, northern Mozambique, are trying to get back to normality in the wake of the attack
The recent insurgent raid on the Mozambican town of Palma made global headlines because foreigners were killed and because the Islamic State group said it was behind it, leading to sharp divisions as to how Mozambique's four-year-old conflict should be interpreted, writes analyst Dr Joseph Hanlon.
Short presentational grey line
Palma had always been a sleepy fishing town, until last year it was transformed into a thriving hub for Mozambique's burgeoning gas industry.
The French company Total began to develop a $20bn (£14.6bn) gas liquification plant for the second largest gas reserve in Africa.
Total was developing its own walled compound with airstrip and pier on the Afungi Peninsula 10km (6 miles) south of Palma. But the contractors and service industry were all based in Palma, which saw a building boom of hotels, banks and construction yards.
When the insurgents entered on 24 March they were attacking a rapidly growing town with significant foreign investment and more than 1,000 foreign workers linked to the gas industry.
Just two weeks before, the US had labelled the insurgents as "ISIS-Mozambique" and designated it as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO).
Four days after the attack, the Islamic State group-aligned Amaq news agency issued a statement claiming that its fighters had attacked Palma and destroyed government offices and banks.
IS claim debunked
With IS claiming the Palma raid it made headlines.
CBS news called it an "Isis militant siege" with hundreds of foreign workers cowering in fear. The UK's Daily Mirror newspaper called it "Isis terror" and a "jihadist massacre". The UK's Times newspaper had earlier headlined: Isis militants attack town housing foreign workers in Mozambique.
But on the same day, before some of the newspaper headlines were published, the IS claim was debunked.
Jasmine Opperman, Africa analyst at the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data project (Acled), who has been following the insurgency in Mozambique's Cabo Delgado province closely, showed that the videos and photos were not from Palma, but from Mocimboa da Praia, 65km to the south.
Mozambican soldiers are on the streets of Palma, as seen in this picture taken on Monday
One of the first things the insurgents now do in attacks is to cut all telecommunications links, mainly by using machetes to cut cables.
In Palma, mobile phone connections went down just 30 minutes after the attack started. So IS and Amaq had no information on the raid. As well as false pictures, the only claims were vague ones that had already been published in international media.
The claim was also the first one about Mozambique from IS or Amaq for five months.
In 2019 the insurgents made links with IS, largely it appears to gain publicity, and did send mobile phone videos. They continued to stress that their target was the government, so a widely published photo shows insurgents with the black IS flag in front of a burned-out district administration building.
But the insurgents continued to use the name given to them by local people, al-Shabab, which simply means "the youth" and has no connection with al-Shabab in Somalia.
As Acled, the closest and most trusted monitor of the Cabo Delgado conflict, concluded in a recent report: "There is no evidence from the Palma attack that IS controls the strategic direction of the insurgency."
Who are the insurgents?
The insurgents are primarily Muslims from the coastal zone of Cabo Delgado, recruited by local fundamentalist preachers with a basically socialist message – that Sharia, or Islamic law, would bring equality and everyone would share in the coming resource wealth.
The conflict has forced tens of thousands from their homes, including these children who are now studying at a temporary school
The first attack was in 2017 on Mocimboa da Praia, the only city and port in this northern zone. The message and the promise of jobs and money led many young men to join the insurgency, and it gained support in local communities.
The war spread to six districts, and five districts capitals – all except Palma – were attacked and occupied for some time. Insurgents have controlled Mocimboa da Praia and the only paved road for a year.
A report based on interviews with women who escaped the insurgents in Palma was published on 12 April by João Feijó, technical director of the Rural Observatory of Mozambique (OMR) and one of the best-informed Mozambican researchers.
The women revealed that some leaders are Tanzanians, some of who claim to be IS, and Somalis, who firmly said they were not IS, but rather part of another unidentified group.
Town looted by the army
The consensus is that the insurgency started locally and that foreign and IS involvement came later. The disagreement is over how important that is.
The US view is that IS has hijacked the insurgency and taken it over. The view of most Mozambican researchers is that there is foreign and possibly IS involvement, but that al-Shabab is still locally run and retians local goals.
This split leads to a huge division over the response.
A message asking for help was seen on the grounds of a hotel in the town of Palma during the attack
The insurgents walked and drove into Palma virtually unopposed, despite clear warnings over two months of an attack when the rains ended, and a government promise to Total to defend Palma.
The army and paramilitary police are poorly trained and equipped, and unmotivated and hugely corrupt.
The insurgents had largely not attacked the installations of Total contractors, and in the first week of April, after the attackers had left Palma, the army looted the city, breaking into contractor facilities.
This was shown both in aerial photos and from first-hand reports from contractors, and even angry local government officials.
Foreign interest in IS link
There is a big push for a military response.
In an 11 March press conference, John T Godfrey, US Acting Special Envoy for the Global Coalition to Defeat Isis, said: "We have to confront Isis in Africa." The US wants to be involved in Cabo Delgado to confront IS "terrorist activities" there.
Portugal is sending trainers and as the current head of the EU Council is pushing for EU involvement. The South African military is already patrolling Mozambique's coast and would like boots on the ground.
This is where the role of IS becomes central.
No country can give the Mozambican government military support to fight its own peasants. But to fight a global enemy like IS provides the justification.
In other words, IS and the US appear to have a common interest in promoting the importance of the jihadist group.
For South Africa, promoters of the IS link warn that with similar levels of poverty in Cape Town, IS could use Cabo Delgado as a basis to move south, so South Africa should send troops. But if the insurgency is just a local peasant uprising, this does not hold.
Mozambique's Frelimo government is extremely anxious that outsiders, and even local media, do not look at the roots of the war and point out how a Frelimo elite has become wealthy while ordinary people in Cabo Delgado became poorer.
On 7 April President Filipe Nyusi said Mozambique needs help "for the fight against terrorism". But he added: "Those who arrive from abroad will not replace us, they will support us. It is a sense of sovereignty."
With phone lines cut, relatives of those in Palma had an anxious wait for news
Interviews with women who escaped the insurgents in Palma offer an alternative view to the government's.
They said that the fighters have a great resentment towards the authorities, and their motivation is predominantly material – jobs and money. But many would like to leave the armed group if there was an alternative.
More about the conflict in Mozambique:
Dr Feijó, who conducted the interviews, argues that economic development, intensive farming and fishing should be used to attract the disaffected.
The government appears happier to blame IS rather than its own policy failings for the continued conflict. But increasing numbers of Mozambicans are saying that creating thousands of jobs would end the war sooner and cost much less than a huge international military involvement.
Joseph Hanlon is a visiting senior fellow in international development at the London School of Economics (LSE) and has written about Mozambique for many years
ALSO READ New highlights announced for Future Cities Canada: #UnexpectedSolutions
Breaking News exaggerated Foreign News involvement World Breaking News World News
Rugby morning headlines as majestic Dan Biggar stakes Lions claim and Wales star turns down English interest
Nicola Sturgeon announces four-day working week plans in SNP manifesto
Both Main South Korean Presidential Candidates Now Set to Unveil Pro-Crypto Manifestos
BSU Preliminary Vocational and Technical Studies admission form, 2021/2022
Russians tried to interfere in 2019 election by promoting document touted by Jeremy Corbyn
Boris Johnson urges nations to unite and 'turn our fire against our common foe'
Prince Philip funeral: Full Order of Service for Duke of Edinburgh ceremony
Ghislaine Maxwell was in process of divorcing husband: court docs


text:
Witcher 3 hearts of stone download
Wild hunt hearts of stone for free on pc this page will show you how to download and install the full version of. But soon everything goes wrong and geralt isread more. Remove modhosblueburningmark from the witcher 3mods folder. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone is developed and published by cd projekt red co. In the library, right click on game title, select properties. The witcher 3 hearts of stone soundtrack hearts of stone. Wild hunt an awardwinning roleplaying game set in a vast fantasy open.
The witcher 3 hearts of stone save file level 48viper armor and swordsdeath march ready for blood and wine. Open world in the open world of wild hunt, you chart your own path to adventure. Introduction hearts of stone expansion the witcher 3. Hearts of stone is the first full dlc expansion for the witcher 3. The addition was triggered by artists standard varieties of production, and the developers from their own cd projekt red, which guarantees just too early. The witcher 3 an awesome prologue to an extraordinary character, however it likewise serves as a topical. Wild hunt, two massive story expansions and all dlc all available on a single game card or via digital download. The witcher 3 hearts of stone soundtrack hearts of stone by. Sep 24, 2015 the witcher 3 heart of stone download the witcher 3. Hearts of stone you should check system requirements first of all and compare it with your pc to be sure that game will work out least requirements. Hearts of stone you should check system requirements first of all and compare it with your pc to be sure that game will work out. Other than the color, it behaves identically to the hearts of stone burning mark mod. Hearts of stone is the first official expansion pack for the. Hearts of stone is a central massive enlargement of the legendary action rpg the witcher 3.
Wild hunt, an awardwinning roleplaying game set in a vast fantasy open world. The expansion features new characters, new powerful monsters, unique romance and new gwent cards. The story starts with a harmless contract, finding and killing a monster in the oxenfurt sewers. The witcher 3 heart of stone download the witcher 3. Oct, 2015 the witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download dlc with crack for windows os. The witcher 3s hearts of stone, blood and wine expansions set a high bar for dlc. Hearts of stone content in three ways, by launching a new game, by loading any saved position from the campaign either after it, or by selecting a predefined and readytoface character of the 32nd level, since the expansion is advisable to play with a highly developed character. Wild hunt invites game enthusiast to immerse themselves once more in the world of the infamous witcher geralt of rivia, and experience one of a kind gaming experience.
A few months ago our hands to hit a great game, not to say huge. Wild hunt the hearts of stone dlc for download hearts of stone is the first official expansion pack for the witcher 3. Get the witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone cheaper cd. Wild hunt hearts of stone application will be found very quickly. The witcher 3 hearts of stone dlc release date confirmed. Getting gog version of hearts of stone to work with steam.
Launching tomorrow, october, hearts of stone is the first big expansion for the witcher 3. Expansion adventure for award winning adventure game. Wild hunt hearts of stone is a program developed by. Wild hunt hearts of stone enjoy hearts of stone, the first expansion for the witcher 3. Extract the modhosblueburningmark folder to the witcher 3mods folder. The addition was triggered by artists standard varieties of production, and the developers from their own cd projekt red, which guarantees. See if hearts of stone is listed and if there is a checkmark indicating it is installed.
A second addon adventure, blood and wine, was released on may 31, 2016. Wild hunt hearts of stone is the first expansion to cd projekt reds award winni. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone is an action and rpg game. The witcher 3 hearts of stone is a 24gb download on ps4. The witcher 3s hearts of stone, blood and wine expansions. Oct, 2015 hearts of stone is the first addon adventure for the witcher 3. Taking to twitter, community lead marcin momot announced download sizes as well as. Hearts of stone is the first addon adventure for the witcher 3. The witcher 3 hearts of stone save game download how to install. During a time in which most developers produce smallscale dlc packs, witcher 3 s dlc raised the bar by a long. It will introduce a new gameplay mechanic called runewords that significantly affects gameplay.
Nov 03, 2016 hearts of stone is the first full dlc expansion for the witcher 3. The witcher 3 hearts of stone ps4 xbox one pc download size update 1. Step again into the shoes of geralt of rivia, a professional monster slayer, this time hired to defeat a ruthless bandit captain, olgierd. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download dlc with crack for windows os. The witcher 3 hearts of stone download the witcher 3. The witcher iii hearts of stone full version complete pc download. Direct download link windows the witcher 3 hearts of stone save game download has been published after epic three weeks beta testing, which ended with great success. There is also a third option for players who dont have any saves or want to experience the new story by playing only the expansion there is a character on 32 level prepared by the game developers.
At this page of torrent you can download the game called the witcher 3. If you dont feel like playing the game all over again here is a save file that i put over 200h in. If during previous play you were using the free dlcs, you must have them also installed when playing the witcher 3. It tells a story set apart from the events of wild hunt, and introduces new characters, items, weapons, and. Wild hunt expansion pass secures your access to two epic adventures set in the world of monster hunter geralt of rivia. Hearts of stone launches tomorrow and cd projekt red have revealed some details on the release. Wild hunt hearts of stone is the first official expansion pack for the witcher 3.
The witcher 3 hearts of stone limited edition expansion with gwent decks gamestop exclusive esrb rating. Below you will find a list of all thirteen achievements from the hearts of stone dlc to the witcher 3. It tells a story set apart from the events of wild hunt, and introduces new characters, items, weapons, and locations. Users who reposted the witcher 3 hearts of stone soundtrack hearts of stone. The witcher iii hearts of stone pc download pc gaming site. Hearts of stone quests the witcher 3 wiki guide ign. Here you will find information about quest objectives, numbers of enemies met on your way, and, for the more troublesome parts of. The witcher 3 hearts of stone download only full games. Wild hunt hearts of stone is the first expansion to cd projekt reds award winning title.
This page will contain walkthrough information for the main story quests of the witcher 3 s first dlc expansion, hearts of stone. Wild hunt hearts of stone soundtrack catalog number. Game was developed by cd projekt red, published by cd projekt red and released in 2015. Announced on april 7, 2015, it was released on october, 2015 for all three platforms.
Hearts of stone is the first official expansion pack for the witcher 3. Hearts of stone features over ten hours of new adventures and introduces new characters, powerful monsters, unique romance, and an entirely new storyline shaped. During a time in which most developers produce smallscale dlc packs, witcher 3s dlc raised the bar by a long. Side quest information for the hos dlc can be found here. Blue hearts of stone burning mark at the witcher 3 nexus. Professional monster slayer is hired to deal with a ruthless bandit captain who possesses the power of immortality. Players take geralt the witcher through a whole new storydriven adventure with new characters, weapons and areas to explore. Witcher 3 hearts of stone download priorityphoenix. Wild hunt hearts of stone is an addon to the modern fantasy rpg masterpiece the witcher 3. Step again into the shoes of geralt of rivia, a professional monster.
The dlc has added another ten hours of additional playing time to the already extensive game. Oct 23, 2015 the witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download pc game setup in single direct link for windows. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download for pc is the first expansion pack for the 2015 video game the witcher 3. The witcher 3 hearts of stone limited edition expansion with gwent decks gamestop exclusive. Hearts of stone is the first large expansion to the witcher 3. Wild hunt hearts of stone in the list of applications, some information about the application is made available to you. Hearts of stone is the first official expansion pack for the witcher. This tells you the opinion other people have about the witcher 3. This tool does include a great anti detect and anti ban system with built in proxy and vpn support.
We are 100% sure the witcher 3 hearts of stone save game download wont cause you any unnecessary problems. Wild hunt an awardwinning roleplaying game set in a vast fantasy open world. The software installer includes 50 files and is usually about 5. The witcher 3 hearts of stone save file at the witcher 3. Hearts of stone will take geralt on an allnew, 10hourplus adventure into the wilds of no mans land. Torrent download link you can find below the description and screenshots. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download for pc. Wild hunt full game the witcher 3 wild hunt dlc pack18 the witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone. The witcher 3 wild hunt hearts of stone free download.
271 476 891 1245 564 1365 258 25 493 547 956 322 1403 1451 714 398 365 254 904 1270 680 398 406 293 1428 1008 1060 131 737 1024 493 1132 838 563 389 1413


Grill located between Greek St and Russell St just 5min walk from the train station and central to bus routes.
The role carries a 40 hour permanent contract and is suitable for an individual seeking flexible shift work; working any 5 days from 7, with shift times typically being 6:45am-3:15pm and 2:45pm-11pm.
Pay rate is £17,000 per year paid monthly.
Dakota is a growing UK-based lifestyle brand with five locations, known for our stylish hotels, bustling brasserie Grills and upscale cocktail Bars. Dakota's story started with two boutique hotels on the outskirts of Edinburgh, in South Queensferry, and Glasgow, in Eurocentral. We have now expanded into prime city centre locations in Glasgow, Leeds, and Manchester (opening Spring 2019).
–To carry out Reception duties including welcoming guests to Dakota, checking in guests, carrying out ad hoc requests, making bedroom and table reservations, light Housekeeping tasks, checking out guests, and handling guest billing.
–To have a comprehensive knowledge of the Front Office computer systems.
–Provide a consistently excellent level of guest service in accordance to our service principles and values, ensuring that all guests receive special attention and recognition.
–Work closely alongside all other departments to ensure excellent communication and be proactive in assisting other departments as required.
–Offer additional services to make the guest experience more seamless i.e. making restaurant reservations, assisting in directions, delivering items to room.
–At least 1 year working experience as a receptionist or in food and beverage environment.
–Successful candidates will have an outgoing personality and be confident in providing dynamic service.


The Magic Mirror Globe (MMM-Globe) Module is a utility module I've created, that displays a live, rotating globe, and has been designed to look absolutely incredible on your Magic Mirror. The module can be configured to show default destinations, or you can customise it to highlight customised locations.
Feedback and improvement suggestions are welcomed.
(UPDATE) IMPORTANT NOTE: Due to the intensive calculations needed to construct the objects, and the computational ability needed, I do not recommend using this module if your Mirror uses a Raspberry Pi. Please only use this module if you have something a little more powerful driving your mirror. I don't want my work to be responsible for any mishaps with your devices.
Initial Commit. Globe stable. ReadMe Added.
Awesome! How are the sizes for you?
That module looks sick. I'll try it this evening.
can you give me your monitor dimensions so i can adjust?
@Eunanibus Can you make it smaller. I am using x-small on my main mirror, an 15.6 laptop screen rotated 90 degrees but it's not rendering. The module does render when I visit the website from my phone or my laptop.
Aside from that, the module looks great.


Successfully Added Rear-view Mirror, 7 inches 16:9/4:3 TFT-LCD with LG CMOS Chip to your Shopping Cart.
7 Inches rear-view in-car mirror TFT-LCD monitor with touch botton. Auto switch to rear-view system when backing a car to insure the safety. With high performance components from well known manufacturers, combining the latest technology, and high performance, this wholesale product will exceed your expectations.


Can we join 2x"Archived" to one?
and is it possible to take the 'span' out of translatable strings, so nobody would/could accidentally translate class-names?
meta-2090.patch (1.1 KB) - added by SergeyBiryukov 3 years ago.
No, since some locales translate the brackets too, see #WP31251#comment:17 and #WP31859.
There's a patch for that on #2035, see comment:4:ticket:2035.
We could probably change it to %1$s out of %2$s stars (with a translator comment).
meta-2090.patch addresses the last point.
Support Forums: I18n improvement in Ratings_Compat to move HTML out from translatable string.


Sadhguru gives enlightening insights into yogasanas - how they can create a foundation for a hatha yogi to reach their ultimate nature. Sadhguru also elaborates on attaining to Asana Siddhi, or mastering a yogasana.
Sadhguru: So these eighty-four asanas which are the fundamental yogasanas are eighty-four ways to make the body into a passage. It is not necessary actually for everybody to do eighty-four asanas. If they do one, it is enough; usually hata yogis… serious hata yogis who are taking Hata Yoga as their path to liberation practice only one asana, just one asana. It is difficult for a thinking mind to understand why would somebody spend his whole life trying to sit in a particular way. But if you learn to sit right, if you just learn to hold your body right, everything that you need to know in this universe you can know because… this is known as asana siddhi. If you can sit in a posture stable and comfortable for two and half hours then we say you have attained to asana siddhi that you are in absolute comfort and at ease in a particular posture. That is asana siddhi - if you achieve this everything that you need to know one can know internally.
How is this possible? How can by sitting everybody… you can know everything that you can know? If you have a television at home, television is just a box with a little bit of electronics in it but it becomes a world by itself. The whole world can stream into this place that we call as a television or this box that we call as a television simply because there is a receiving mode. If you set the antenna right, if it is properly adjusted then the whole world flows into its… into your place or into this box. If it is not set right, same instrument, it has everything but can't do anything.
This is how human being is – a human being is… an individual human being is who he is only because of what he perceives. Only because of what he or she perceives an individual human being becomes whoever they are. Right now you are who you are only because of whatever you have perceived in your life till now and you will be who you will be only because of what you will perceive in future. Whatever you perceive is what makes you whatever you are today.
So the whole system of yoga is only interested in enhancing perception. So if you hold the posture right, if your alignment is right and if it matches with the cosmic alignment in some way… eighty-four alignments. If one gets into these eighty-four postures or even masters a single posture and approaches the remaining eighty-three through that then everything that has happened in the creation till this moment one can know because the memory of that is right here within your system in a… let us say in a codified way - it can be activated and ignited if it touches another dimension outside of yourself.
So asanas are powerful means… Yogasanas are powerful means to connect. I… I do not want you to forget what yoga means. Yoga means union; union means two have become one. Two is just this - there are only two in the existence - you and the rest of the existence. In the rest of the existence you may identify this one, that one, that one but essentially there are only two, you and the rest of the existence because there are only two dimensions of experience within you. You do not know what is up and down in this cosmos, you do not know what is forward and backward in this cosmos, you do not know anything. These are all things that we've made up for convenience. The only experiential reality is - there is something called outward and there is something called inward. So these are the two dimensions of experience inner and outer.
So yoga means to bring a union between these - inner and outer, you and the rest, you and the other. When there is no you and the other, there is just you and you, that is yoga. So asanas are a physical manifestation of approaching this, a physical form of approaching this ultimate union because physical body is the easiest thing to work with. If you try to do something with your mind it will pay to… it will play too many tricks. At least with the body you know whether it's doing it right or not doing it right, whether it's cooperating or not cooperating. A mind, if you push it too hard it will play all kinds of tricks with you, it will make you believe all kinds of things and dump you the next day but body is not like that, it is a reliable factor, if you work with it sensibly the yogasanas will definitely lead… yogasanas will definitely lead to the possibility of ultimate union.
In the meantime by getting into the postures before all this alignment with the ultimate happens, inner alignment happens which will naturally achieve a chemistry of healthfulness, joyfulness and blissfulness, and above all balance. Balance is something that modern societies have ignored and they're paying a huge price for today. Whatever may be your intelligence, whatever may be your competence and education and qualifications, if you do not have the necessary balance you will not succeed, you will not go very far in your life. So the most important thing for people who are seeking to be successful, people whether they're working in corporate sector, or they're political, or they're military or whatever field, the most important thing is balance. Only if you have a balance which is not disturbed by external situations, will you be capable of making use of the competence and intelligence that you carry within you, otherwise the most wonderful qualities that one may have will all go waste simply because of lack of balance. And Hata Yoga means balance.


It's fair to say that an FE college is a very different environment to a school. Your child will not be 'in class' all day, or even every day, as much more emphasis is placed on online learning and developing knowledge outside of the classroom. However, we understand the important role that you play in your child's learning so we keep parents / guardians informed of their child's progress at the College through consultations and open events. You are also welcome to contact the student support tutors at any time with any concerns or questions that you may have.
You can register and login to our Parent Portal here - or at the top of every page - to help keep track of your child's progress while studying with us. This is an invaluable tool for many parents and includes information on attendance plus grades awarded for each practical assessment and written assignment. Download our user guide here for details on how to register.
All of our full-time students are allocated a Student Support Tutor (SST) who will support their progress throughout their time with us. Our SST's are committed to ensuring students are able to maximise their individual progress, performance and personal development. They will help students make the most of their time at Hopwood Hall by giving them support, guidance and lots of encouragement to help them flourish.
Additionally, we have Student & College Services Assistants within the reception area for students, staff and visitors who can assist with all aspects of student life, bursary, transport, the nursery, room enquiries and more.
To help learners reach their potential Hopwood Hall College offer a dedicated, highly qualified and experienced Learning Support Team to provide assistance to learners who have specific needs or requirements. In addition, we also offer a confidential counselling service available on both campuses.
All local authorities have to publish information and advice on what services and provisions are available for children and young people with SEN and/or a disability. To ensure we are offering as much accurate and useful information as possible, you can see this resource through the link below. This is updated regularly using feedback to improve the information and you can submit your own to help improve it further.
To find out more about what provision and services are available, contact us today or visit the link and browse the information. You can also contact the local authority for information on services beyond what we offer at Hopwood Hall College.
Guidance officers are available at both campuses to provide impartial information and advice on courses and careers. We offer support in the completion of UCAS application forms including personal statements, CV's, job application forms and applying for Student Finance.
Individual appointments can be made to see the guidance officers and weekly drop-in sessions are also provided for students to access this support.
They can also help students to prepare for interviews, both for higher education and employment and offer advice on voluntary opportunities.
For the safety of all staff and students, everyone on Campus is required to wear their ID badge at all times. There are access control systems in some buildings where swipe cards are required for entry. Students will be unable to access the College without a valid card and a charge of £5 will be made for a replacement.
Each student card comes pre-loaded with £20 worth of print credits which students can use in the Learning Resources Centres. From September 2013 ID cards will also become a method of payment for food, drink, stationery kits, trips and uniforms as the college moves to cashless systems on both campuses.
Hopwood Hall College is strongly committed to the well-being of all its students.
We have a moral and statutory duty to safeguard and promote the welfare of all our students and endeavour to create and maintain a safe and welcoming learning environment where they are respected and valued. We will identify where there are safeguarding concerns regarding our students and take action to address them in partnership with other organisations where appropriate.
The College has procedures in place that enable students to communicate any worries or concerns for themselves or their peers. We have a Senior Designated Safeguarding Officer with specific and overall responsibility for safeguarding issues, and operationally we have three Designated Safeguarding Officers trained to follow up any safeguarding issues that arise on a day to day basis.
The College has a crèche facility run by Crèche and Co and it operates from the Rochdale Campus. Students can also use an outside provider but need to apply through the bursary fund for any childcare funding. The childcare provider must be Ofsted registered in accordance with SFA guidelines.
Students under the age of 20 must apply to Care to Learn for childcare funding. There is always a great demand for childcare funding and funds are limited so it is advised to apply early.
Our catering facilities for students, staff and visitors offer a wide range of food and snacks prepared fresh each day by our very own catering students. Our bistro and refectory menus cater for different tastes and cultures and are open from 8am through to 8pm most evenings.
There are limited parking facilities at both campuses and these are obtained on a first come first served basis. Due to the Rochdale campus being in a city centre there is barrier access to the car park therefore there is a charge of £20 for the whole year. Parking permits can be obtained from either reception.


text:
La  est un lanceur lourd américain, le plus puissant de la famille . Construite par , elle réalise son premier vol le .

Historique
Le premier lancement de la  le  est un échec partiel, la charge utile n'atteignant pas l'orbite visée. L'enquête montre qu'un phénomène de cavitation dans le système d'alimentation en oxygène liquide a provoqué l'arrêt prématuré des moteurs des propulseurs d'appoint et du premier étage, sans que le second étage ne puisse compenser le manque de vitesse résultant.

La première charge utile opérationnelle de la  est le satellite de reconnaissance DSP-23, lancé avec succès le . Elle lance sept autres satellites de reconnaissance de type  et KH-11 pour le .

Le véhicule spatial Orion est lancé pour la première fois par une  lors de l' le . Le vaisseau de  effectue deux orbites autour de la Terre avec une altitude maximale de .

La sonde Parker est lancée le  par une  équipée pour l'occasion d'un troisième étage à propergol solide Star 48BV, permettant de fournir la vitesse nécessaire pour placer l'observatoire sur une orbite dont le périhélie est très proche du Soleil.

L'USAF et la NRO commandent pour  de dollars les cinq derniers lancements de la Delta IV Heavy, prévus de 2020 à 2024.

Caractéristiques techniques

La  est constituée d'un  (CBC) central propulsé par un moteur RS-68, accompagné de deux  supplémentaires, faisant office de propulseurs d'appoints à ergols liquides à la place des propulseurs à propergol solide GEM-60 utilisés sur les versions . Le second étage est un  (DCSS) de  de diamètre propulsé par un moteur RL-10B-2.

Au décollage, les moteurs des trois  sont allumés à leur poussée maximale. Après environ , la poussée du moteur du  central est réduite à 55 %. Les propulseurs d'appoint sont largués après  de vol tandis que le  central continue de fonctionner à puissance maximale pendant  supplémentaires. Le second étage achève la mise en orbite de la charge utile.

Particularité de l'allumage

Une des particularités de la Delta IV Heavy est son allumage. Pour initier la combustion, de l'hydrogène est injecté en surplus dans la chambre de combustion et s'échappe par les tuyères. Étant plus léger que l'air ambiant, l'hydrogène forme un nuage une fois sortie des tuyères et entame une ascension verticale le long des parois de la fusée. Lorsque la combustion est enclenchée, l'hydrogène prend feu, et la flamme se propage tout le long du nuage d'hydrogène le long de la fusée. Celle-ci est alors recouverte partiellement de flammes pendant quelques secondes.

Performances
 attribue à la  les performances suivantes :

 Orbite terrestre basse ( × ) :  ;
 Orbite terrestre basse polaire ( × ) :  ;
 Orbite terrestre basse ISS ( × ) :  ;
 Orbite de transfert géostationnaire ( ×  × ) :  ;
 Orbite géostationnaire ( × ) : .

Historique des lancements

Notes et références

Delta (fusée)
Programme spatial militaire américain

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia