Tovey, Thomas A. was born in 1900 in Pennsylvania. Before entering the service he was employed as an Auto mobile Serviceman. Thomas enlisted into the Army on November 11, 1942. He was sent to Camp Upton in Yaphank. At the time of his induction he was living in Middle Island. Thomas served honorably during the war with the Army Air Corps. Thomas left the United States and served in Italy, West Africa, and Jamaica. After the war he received the following decorations for his time of service: WWII Victory Medal and WWII Service Lapel Button. Tovey was discharged from the service on August 4, 1945 at Fort Dix, New Jersey.
Tom Tovey and Roy Albin went to Governors Island for Army physical examination.
Tom took Tom Tovey to Patchogue to draft board to be taken to Camp Upton with bunch of other draftees to begin service in Army.
I wrote letter to Tom Tovey in Italy and to Don in Louisiana.


text:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <freertos/FreeRTOS.h>
#include <freertos/task.h>
#include <freertos/semphr.h>

#include <unity.h>
#include <test_utils.h>
#include <esp_ota_ops.h>
#include "bootloader_common.h"

/* These OTA tests currently don't assume an OTA partition exists
   on the device, so they're a bit limited
*/

TEST_CASE("esp_ota_begin() verifies arguments", "[ota]")
{
    const esp_partition_t *running = esp_ota_get_running_partition();
    esp_partition_t partition;
    static esp_ota_handle_t handle = 0;

    if (handle != 0) { /* clean up from any previous test */
        esp_ota_end(handle);
        handle = 0;
    }

    /* running partition & configured boot partition are same */
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(running);

    /* trying to 'begin' on running partition fails */
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_EQUAL(ESP_OK, esp_ota_begin(running, OTA_SIZE_UNKNOWN, &handle));
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, handle);

    memcpy(&partition, running, sizeof(esp_partition_t));
    partition.address--;

    /* non existent partition fails */
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_HEX(ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND, esp_ota_begin(&partition, OTA_SIZE_UNKNOWN, &handle));
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL(0, handle);
}

TEST_CASE("esp_ota_get_next_update_partition logic", "[ota]")
{
    const esp_partition_t *running = esp_ota_get_running_partition();
    const esp_partition_t *factory = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP,
                                                              ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_FACTORY, NULL);
    const esp_partition_t *ota_0 = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP,
                                                            ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_0, NULL);
    const esp_partition_t *ota_1 = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP,
                                                            ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_1, NULL);
    const esp_partition_t *ota_2 = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_APP,
                                                            ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_2, NULL);

    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(running);
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(factory);
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(ota_0);
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(ota_1);
    TEST_ASSERT_NULL(ota_2); /* this partition shouldn't exist in test partition table */

    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(factory, running); /* this may not be true if/when we get OTA tests that do OTA updates */

    /* (The test steps verify subtypes before verifying pointer equality, because the failure messages are more readable
       this way.)
     */

    /* Factory app OTA updates OTA 0 slot */
    const esp_partition_t *p = esp_ota_get_next_update_partition(NULL);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_HEX8(ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_0, p->subtype);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(ota_0, p);

    p = esp_ota_get_next_update_partition(factory);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_HEX8(ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_0, p->subtype);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(ota_0, p);

    /* OTA slot 0 updates OTA slot 1 */
    p = esp_ota_get_next_update_partition(ota_0);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_HEX8(ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_1, p->subtype);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(ota_1, p);
    /* OTA slot 1 updates OTA slot 0 */
    p = esp_ota_get_next_update_partition(ota_1);
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_HEX8(ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_APP_OTA_0, p->subtype);;
    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(ota_0, p);
}

TEST_CASE("esp_ota_get_partition_description ", "[ota]")
{
    const esp_partition_t *running = esp_ota_get_running_partition();
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(running);
    esp_app_desc_t app_desc1, app_desc2;
    TEST_ESP_OK(esp_ota_get_partition_description(running, &app_desc1));
    const esp_partition_pos_t running_pos = {
            .offset = running->address,
            .size = running->size
    };
    TEST_ESP_OK(bootloader_common_get_partition_description(&running_pos, &app_desc2));

    TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_MEMORY_MESSAGE((uint8_t *)&app_desc1, (uint8_t *)&app_desc2, sizeof(app_desc1), "must be the same");

    const esp_partition_t *not_app = esp_partition_find_first(ESP_PARTITION_TYPE_DATA, ESP_PARTITION_SUBTYPE_DATA_OTA, NULL);
    TEST_ASSERT_NOT_NULL(not_app);
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED, esp_ota_get_partition_description(not_app, &app_desc1));
    const esp_partition_pos_t not_app_pos = {
            .offset = not_app->address,
            .size = not_app->size
    };
    TEST_ESP_ERR(ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND, bootloader_common_get_partition_description(&not_app_pos, &app_desc1));
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
You are here: Home / Pro Digicam Reviews / Hands on with the Canon EOS 7D Review
Hands on with the Canon EOS 7D Review
In this article we take at look at the Canon 7d Review. For many years, cameras under Canon's X0D series have been the default choices for many photography enthusiasts, aspiring professionals, and full-fledged pros who want top-notch functionality and image quality sans the price or bulk of other pro-level units, such as those that belonged to the 1D series. The 30D, 20D, and 10D, for instance, were cameras that became hugely popular when they were released, and you didn't have to spend too long using them to understand the reason behind their success.
[amzn_product_inline asin='B003BM7X6I']
The DSLR market is rife with rival units that are very competitive in terms of features and prices. Nikon's D300 and D200, as well as Sony's A700, are examples of cameras that have given those from the X0S EOS series a run for their money, making it difficult for members of this particular Canon product line to stand out.
It's a different story for the 7D though, as this camera is seemingly determined to take the throne of APS-C level units. Although it appears a lot like its brother, the EOS 50D, a closer look reveals that it isn't just a simple refresh among its predecessors in its range. It is unmistakably an EOS family member, but it's worth noting that it serves as an upgrade rather than a replacement for its younger EOS 50D. Now our Canon EOS 7D review will go into more detail on this camera's perks.
To start with, the EOS 7D has a new sensor at 18 megapixels. But even before firing a shot, the first thing you'd probably notice is its new viewfinder, which is pretty darn impressive. The viewfinder has a 100% coverage and 1.0x magnification that offers noticeable improvements compared to the 95%, 0.95x finder of the EOS 50D. This upgrade also puts the 7D in a similar league as the D300S in terms of finder size alone (at 0.94x), but that's if we take into account the focal length multiplier effect.
And yet, our Canon EOS 7D review reveals that it doesn't just have a revised body, new viewfinder, and new sensor. It also has other headline changes, which include the introduction of a new AF system that has a dedicated processor, a new shutter mechanism with dual Digic 4 processors that facilitate continuous shooting at 8 frames per second, and a built-in flash that afford it the capability of control external flashguns in groups. Of course, the 7D's updates versus its predecessors go beyond these major feature changes.
In addition, the 7D not only fits right into the Canon range, it also goes above the 50D. This becomes apparent when you put both units alongside each other. You will find that aside from the added external controls that the 7D features, its viewfinder also has a considerable bulge to it in order to accommodate the huge prism it has.
In summary, let's go through a breakdown of the 7D's key features:
Continuous shooting at 8 frames per second
APS-C CMOS sensor at 18 megapixels
3.0 inch LCD screen, Clear View II, with 920,000 dots
HD video recording at 1080p with manual controls
100% coverage and 1.0x magnification viewfinder
19-point AF system (all cross-type)
Flash control (wireless)
Of course, the 7D has a variety of other refinements and tweaks other than its key features, which goes to show Canon's efforts to become a consistent default choice among photographers.
This Canon EOS 7D review should reveal enough specs and info on the product to help you decide on what camera to buy. Should you go for the 7D, you'll find that you're not wasting a single cent on this top-quality product.
Canon VIXIA GX10 4K
Panasonic Lumix S1 Review
Leica Q (Typ 116) Review
Canon EOS R Review: A Decent Camera that Comes Up Short
Fujifilm XF10 Review
Sony a7R III Review
Ultra-Compact Canon EOS Rebel SL3 Is Packed With…
Panasonic Lumix DC-ZS200/TZ200 Review
Canon PowerShot SX70: Big Features in a Small Package
HD Pentax-D FA* 50mm F1.4 SDM AW Review
Comfortably Compact Canon PowerShot G7 X III Allows…
Canon VIXIA HF G21 HD Camcorder
Nikon Z6 Review
Sony HXC-FB80 Review
Canon announces the end for EOS-1v film body
Canon XA40 XA45 Review
Sony Alpha A9 II Review
Canon debuted 5 RF lenses at TPS 2019 in Europe
Canon EOS M200 Review
Sony AX53/43 Review
Sony HXR-MC88 Review
Nesenni 4K Video Camera Review: Decent Enough for…
Panasonic HC-V770 Review
Fujifilm X-E3 Review
Canon XF400 XF405

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Itchmo: News For Dogs & Cats » Blog Archive » Dog Picture: Where's The Cliff Notes For This Book?
Dog Picture: Where's The Cliff Notes For This Book?
This entry was posted on Tuesday, September 18th, 2007 at 3:58 am	and is filed under Funny Cats & Dogs, Dogs, National Dog, Cat & Pet Info, Art & Pictures of Cats & Dogs. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
They put WHAT in my treats!!!??
Dennis, I love your take on this one!!!! How appropriate. And that dog is just too cute!
We humans can all benefit from reading it.


Our window treatment experts are here to help you along every step of the process. We'll help you choose the best blind, shutter, or shade based on your needs, your decor, and your budget. Give us a call for a free estimate or schedule an appointment online!


The clock striking midnight on New Year's Eve seems so far gone already… I read these words from 'Princess Mononoke' again, "Life is suffering. It is hard. The world is cursed. But still you find reasons to keep living." And so I took a leap of faith into 2019, determined to collect reasons to keep living despite all of the heartaches and chest pains.
And I hoped for a few things for myself – a few things I hoped you would wish for yourself too.
I hope to take greater care of myself. I hope I take the time I need to pause, and slow down, and rest when the maze of work and life becomes too much to handle. I hope to be brave enough to throw all that I had planned out the window, no matter how noble or seemingly important that was. I hope I can be my own best friend and hold my own hand until the fog lifts.
I hope to love myself a lot more than I used to. I am aware that it is a long process but it is so important that I keep learning how to accept myself as I am, for who and what I am, how to let go of that idea that perfection can exist if I push just a little harder – I hope I don't fall apart when things don't go according to plan.
I hope to love myself enough to hunt down all of the toxic relationships that have piled up. I hope I love myself enough to put myself first; I hope I have the courage to say 'no' when something feels wrong or makes me feel uncomfortable, and I hope I burst with joy and smiles when a 'yes' is genuinely spoken.
I hope to love myself enough to feed my body with what it needs to function – I hope to love myself enough to always find the strength to stay alive.
I hope to love my life. And I hope you love your life. I hope you spend your days doing something you love, and that you'll fill your diary with projects that give you a boost and help you thrive. I hope you make each day count. I hope you make it all wholeheartedly.
I hope you learn that magic is real and that it is everywhere – all you need to do is believe and open your eyes.
I hope we live in the now. I hope we never have regrets. I hope we have the courage to say the things we want to and do the things we want to. I hope we're never afraid to speak our mind and speak up for what our heart is only just whispering. I hope we don't linger in the memories of yesterday or in the worries of tomorrow because we have no power over both of those things anyway.
I hope we don't put money and possessions or even calories first. I hope we find contentment in simple things and quiet moments. I hope we don't end up counting everything because a good and happy, and healthy life isn't measured mathematically. I just hope we're at peace at all times and by all means.
I hope we're surrounded by people we love and who love us. And I hope we never find ourselves alone when anxiety or anything of the sort kicks in and hits like a storm. I hope we never have to face any hardships life throws at us standing on our own, just doing the best we can as an army of one. And most importantly, I hope we never feel lonely. Loneliness is a silent killer that creeps into our days so easily if we stop paying attention and act like machines.
I hope we build strong and long-lasting connections with someone – or someones.
I hope we all have a happy 2019. Let's keep fighting! Let's keep living! It's all a beautiful ride after all.


This Sorel model has classic lines to make for a functional winter boot. From skiing to getting around town, your feet will always be warm. And thanks to the waterproof shell, your boots will be humidity-free!


On this show, I speak with the Brook McDonald, the president and CEO of The Conservation Foundation, a highly effective nonprofit that is a superb example of what it means to be "stakeholder-driven." The dictionary defines stakeholder as a type of organization in which all the members or participants are seen as having an interest in its success. As I speak with Brook McDonald, you'll hear how being stakeholder-driven permeates internal and external facets of the Foundation's work. Involving lots of stakeholders takes the Foundation longer to accomplish conservation projects, but the relationships patiently developed across communities over time result in more contributions, continual growth and most importantly, a greater impact on the world.


You have got a wonderful product or service, a stunning internet site as well as a terrific team of salespersons. Equipped with every function important in an effective firm, you might think that clients ought to instantly group to you and bring in the business that you are worthy of. However, this is not just how it works. All that you have will certainly cannot generate any kind of earnings if you do not market your business correctly. Every company, huge or tiny, should be advertised successfully for it to be successful. For sustained success and also growth, a company has to bring in brand-new consumers as well as at the same time, motivate repeat purchases from the existing clients. In today's highly open market where the clients are spoilt for choice as well as have short attention spans, guaranteeing a constant circulation of business is challenging. Expert as well as innovative marketing is a should if you desire your company to endure and thrive.


text:
Soldier Missing from Black Hawk Crash Off Yemen Presumed Dead
Army Staff Sgt. Emil Rivera-Lopez, 31, was declared dead after his UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter crashed off the coast of Yemen on Aug. 25, 2017. (US Army photo via Fox News)
Soldiers with the 1st Armored Division board a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter after completing live-fire exercises at Udari Range near Camp Buehring, Kuwait, in November 2016. (US Army photo/Angela Lorden)
Stars and Stripes | By Corey Dickstein
The Pentagon identified the soldier missing from a Black Hawk helicopter crash last week off the coast of Yemen as Army Staff Sgt. Emil Rivera-Lopez. His body has not been recovered since the Aug. 25 crash and he is presumed dead, a Defense Department spokesman said.
Rivera-Lopez was listed as "duty status: whereabouts unknown," the Pentagon said Friday in a statement.
The Pentagon declined to provide additional information about Rivera-Lopez, including his age or unit. However, a defense official said Rivera-Lopez was assigned to the elite 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment. The unit, known as the Night Stalkers, specializes in flying difficult nighttime missions, often ferrying ground special operations troops into battle.
Five other soldiers were rescued after the helicopter crash, which took place about 20 miles off Yemen's coast during a training flight. The cause of the crash is under investigation, the Pentagon said, which also confirmed the helicopter was not involved in a combat mission.
The military has a small number of troops deployed in Yemen to aid the fight against an al-Qaida group in the country. It has conducted ground raids this year against the terrorist group there, including an operation in late January in which Navy SEAL Chief Petty Officer William Owens was killed, and an MV-22 Osprey tilt-rotor aircraft was destroyed after it crashed.
Accidents Army Special Forces - Green Berets Yemen
© Copyright 2020 Stars and Stripes. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Green Beret Unit Receives 27 Valor Medals After Afghanistan Deployment
A group of Special Forces soldiers earned dozens of prestigious medals during a recent deployment to Afghanistan.
General Denies Request of Green Beret Pardoned by Trump to Regain Special Forces Tab
Following the pardon, Golsteyn's attorney filed paperwork to restore his Special Forces tab and Distinguished Service Cross.


Analytic Professionals, Inc is a leading provider of Information Technology consulting services to businesses throughout North America. We are a dynamic and progressive company committed to providing high quality consultants on a cost-effective basis. In an era of rapidly changing technologies, successful companies are focusing on core competencies and selecting outsourcing as part of their IT strategy. Companies with outsourcing needs require qualified professionals to provide timely and cost-effective integrated solutions. This represents a great opportunity for us as we provide expertise in a multitude of areas.
by being totally committed to our consultants' career growth.
Send mail to webmaster@analyticprofessionals.com with questions or comments about this web site.


Since 1948, the name FOERSTER has been synonymous with quality and precision. We develop and produce units and systems for the non-destructive testing of metallic materials, metal detection, and magnetics. We operate globally and always in close proximity to our customers thanks to our sales and service network of 10 subsidiaries and qualified representations in over 60 countries. We are a technological leader and act as a competent system partner and solution provider for our customers.
Take a look behind the scenes of the world of FOERSTER.
FOERSTER is the technology partner of the Tube Innovation Days. Organized by a competence network of 11 partner companies, the trade fair provides information on all topics relating to tubes.
Magnetische Pruefanlagen GmbH is a subsidiary of FOERSTER. The company provides global non-destructive material testing services in the chemical sector.


Nipivut, a brand new show produced by and for Montreal's Inuit community, launches on CKUT Tuesday October 6th from 6-7pm, and will air every second Tuesday after that.
Nipivut means «our voice», it is the first southern radio program broadcast by and for Inuit in Inuktitut. This bi-weekly Inuit cultural radio program will give the Inuit of Montreal a voice in this city: providing essential news for Montrealmiut and showcasing Inuit culture and language to the greater Montreal community. Nipivut will provide programs in English and French when possible, and will promote the Inuktitut language in the city with Inuit music, Inuktitut lessons, and news and public discussions in Inuktitut. Nipivut seeks to connect Inuit living in Montreal with their families and friends in the north as well as the larger community of Montreal.
You're Up Late + A Bee-oo-tiful Video of Valleys Performing Live!
Autumnal Listening: CD & Vinyl Sale this Thursday!
Live Broadcast from Depanneur Le Pick Up +CKUT x POP Montreal!
Election Results Roundtable on Wednesday Morning After 7-8AM!
Pop Montreal Sessions: the September edition of the MTL Sessions!
This Saturday: Nomadic Massive + Rae Spoon + Silent Bones + CKUT DJs!
This weekend: The GOODS 10th Anniversary Brunch + Blowout Party!
Clip of the Week: Underground Sounds + CULT MTL!
Live Tunes on Wednesday Morning After!
Words on Waves Contest: SUBMIT!


Sick policies. Every instructor has them but they are not all the same. While some instructors would prefer sick students to stay home, others believe the only excuse for missing class is hospitalization.
Every morning across the country students wake up sick. Some of them have the flu or strep throat; some of them have major illnesses. These students are not crawling back in bed and drinking water. Instead, they are getting dressed, drinking a little extra coffee to keep their fatigued bodies awake and doing what they've been told to do since they were children.
They are pulling themselves up by the bootstraps and going to class. They are going to school even though they are infecting others, not because they want to, but because they feel that they have no choice.
Employment is a different ballpark altogether because with a job, employees get sick days or vacation days. Students are frequently told that if they miss a class, they won't receive participation points or won't be able to make up an assignment. Worse still are the instances in which a student is told that they will fail a test when an illness prevents them from physically going to school to take the exam.
Students should have the same benefit that an employee would have with an hourly job and be able to have sick days. Students should be able to take time off for recovery before going back to school without having any major repercussions. Instead, instructors are given the freedom to choose their own class policy on attendance.
Students, faculty and staff members are all encouraged to be healthy and take care of themselves. However, students aren't always given the tools to do this. Radio commercials, news broadcasts, public service announcements and doctors themselves have told people to stay home if they are sick, rather than infect others.
In this technologically advanced time, when the option of taking classes completely online without ever having to step foot on a college campus is available, it's hard to believe that students are failing classes or dropping out of college due to an illness that has caused them to miss class, fail assignments and fall behind.


Plexon's newsletter from February 26, 2014 discusses Plexon's partnership with Lafayette Instrument as well as JoVE.
1st Plexon/JoVE Contest Winner Sees Publication Go Live!
We are thrilled to announce the official publishing last Friday of the winning article from the first Plexon/JoVE Publication Grant Contest. The winning publication-complete with a methods video-titled "Automated Visual Cognitive Tasks for Recording Neural Activity Using a Floor Projection Maze" is available online via Open Access at http://www.jove.com/video/51316/automated-visual-cognitive-tasks-for-recording-neural-activity-using.
Plexon and the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE) partnered early last year to sponsor this first Publication Grant Contest. Researchers from around the world were invited to submit abstracts for unpublished, original work in which Plexon's flagship OmniPlex® Neural Data Acquisition System was used to perform neural recording during the experiment.
Congratulations once again to Jonathan W. Ho from Rebecca D. Burwell's Behavioral Neuroscience of Memory and Attention Lab at Brown University as the first contest winner. Not only did their work require the use of Plexon's OmniPlex System, but they also relied on Plexon's CinePlex® Behavioral Research System as well. Mr. Ho's team included Tara K. Jacobson, Clayton P. Aldern, Amanda L. Liu and Rebecca D. Burwell.
We hope that you will find the publication of real interest and the methods detailed in the video truly helpful. More details regarding the contest, the winning team and the abstract can be found in the recent news release.
Early registration pricing ends this Friday, February 28, 2014. Join colleagues already registered from as far as Australia, Italy, Switzerland and China.
The 2014 Plexon Neurophysiology and Behavior Workshop marks the fifth year of this amazing event when researchers from all over the globe descend on Dallas for three full days packed with instructions, demonstration and hands-on exercises presented by renowned researchers and Plexon subject matter experts. Each year, the event becomes stronger with last year earning a new high score of 9.4 out of 10.
For more information, email workshop@plexon.com.
While Plexon is most known for its sophisticated, yet easy-to-use data acquisition systems, optogenetics equipment and video recording and analysis product lines, Lafayette Instrument Company is a recognized leader in state-of-the-art testing apparatus and operant chambers. Together, elegant approaches to simultaneously performing neural recording, optogenetic stimulation, video tracking and trial/task facilitation become possible in a highly efficient environment.
The first integrated product offering will consist of the Bussey-Saksida Touch Screen Operant Chamber System with the OmniPlex Neural Data Acquisition System. The combination will offer a unique environment in which scientists can run a variety of operant tasks, animal learning time is dramatically reduced, and high resolution neural recording is synchronized with a shared timing clock. The offering will be available in a rat or mouse-specific configurations.
Future product offerings will include the Bussey-Saksida Touch Screen Operant Chamber System integrated with any combination of the following systems: OmniPlex Neural Data Acquisition System, CinePlex Behavior Research System for digital video recording, tracking and behavior analysis, and the PlexBright™ Optogenetic Stimulation System.
The first integrated products will be available shortly. Interested parties should reach out to either company at info@plexon.com or matt@lafayetteinstrument.com for more information.
In addition to the hardware referencing feature of Plexon headstages and ampflifiers, the OmniPlex Software starting with version 1.10 offers three digital methods of referencing. These can be applied to either the Spike Continuous source (SPKC), the Field Potential source (FP) or both as they are separate sources.
The first method provides selection of a specific channel to use as a reference (subtraction) from a selected set of other channels.
The other two methods combine a selection of multiple channels to form a composite signal which is then subtracted at each sample time from the set. Common Average Referencing (CAR) averages the value of samples across the channels and then subtracts that from the set. Common Median Referencing (CMR) computes the median value across samples and subtracts that from the set. In many cases CMR is more robust in the presence outlier samples and produces a better reference signal.
Please refer to the section on Digital Referencing in the OmniPlex version 1.10 Release Notes for more details. A discussion of these techniques can be found in 1) "Common median referencing for improved action potential detection with multielectrode arrays." In Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2009. EMBC 2009. Annual International Conference of the IEEE, pp. 1604-1607. IEEE, 2009, and 2) "Using a common average reference to improve cortical neuron recordings from microelectrode arrays." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 3 (2009): 1679.
Belchior, Hindiael, Vítor Lopes‐dos‐Santos, Adriano BL Tort, and Sidarta Ribeiro. "Increase in Hippocampal Theta Oscillations during Spatial Decision‐Making." Hippocampus (2014).
Benhamou, Liora, and Dana Cohen "Electrophysiological characterization of entopeduncular nucleus neurons in anesthetized and freely moving rats." Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 8 (2014):7.
Dasilva, Miguel, Kenneth L. Grieve, Javier Cudeiro, and Casto Rivadulla. "Anandamide activation of CB1 receptors increases spontaneous bursting and oscillatory activity in the thalamus." Neuroscience (2014).
Fenton, Georgina E., David M. Halliday, Rob Mason, and Carl W. Stevenson. "Medial prefrontal cortex circuit function during retrieval and extinction of associative learning under anesthesia." Neuroscience (2014).
Jin, Xin, Fatuel Tecuapetla, and Rui M. Costa. "Basal ganglia subcircuits distinctively encode the parsing and concatenation of action sequences." Nature Neuroscience (2014).
Jacobson, T.K., Ho, J.W., Kent, B.W., Yang, F.C., Burwell, R.D. "Automated Visual Cognitive Tasks for Recording Neural Activity Using a Floor Projection Maze." J. Vis. Exp. (84), e51316, doi:10.3791/51316 (2014).
Joachimsthaler, Bettina, Michaela Uhlmann, Frank Miller, Günter Ehret, and Simone Kurt. "Quantitative analysis of neuronal response properties in primary and higher‐order auditory cortical fields of awake house mice (Mus musculus)." European Journal of Neuroscience (2014).
Li, Xiaobing, Yao Chen, Reza Lashgari, Yulia Bereshpolova, Harvey A. Swadlow, Barry B. Lee, and Jose Manuel Alonso. "Mixing of Chromatic and Luminance Retinal Signals in Primate Area V1." Cerebral Cortex (2014): bhu002.
Pancrazio, Joseph J., Kamakshi Gopal, Edward W. Keefer, and Guenter W. Gross. "Botulinum Toxin Suppression of CNS Network Activity In Vitro." Journal of Toxicology 2014 (2014).
Rangel, L. M., A. S. Alexander, J. B. Aimone, J. Wiles, F. H. Gage, A. A. Chiba, and L. K. Quinn. "Temporally selective contextual encoding in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus." Nature Communications 5 (2014).
Santos, Lucas M., Ioan Opris, Robert Edward Hampson, Dwayne Godwin, Greg A. Gerhardt, and Sam Deadwyler. "Functional dynamics of primate cortico-striatal networks during volitional movements." Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 8 (2014):27.
Waschkowski, Florian, Stephan Hesse, Anne Christine Rieck, Tibor Lohmann, Claudia Brockmann, Thomas Laube, Norbert Bornfeld et al. "Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS)." BioMedical Engineering Online 13, no. 1 (2014): 11.
Wu, Calvin, Kamakshi V. Gopal, Ernest J. Moore, and Guenter W. Gross. "Antioxidants l-carnitine and d-methionine modulate neuronal activity through GABAergic inhibition." Journal of Neural Transmission: 1-11.
Zheng, Jing-Jing, Shu-Jing Li, Xiao-Di Zhang, Wan-Ying Miao, Dinghong Zhang, Haishan Yao, and Xiang Yu. "Oxytocin mediates early experience-dependent cross-modal plasticity in the sensory cortices." Nature Neuroscience(2014).
Aivar, Paloma, Manuel Valero, Elisa Bellistri, and Liset Menendez de la Prida. "Extracellular Calcium Controls the Expression of Two Different Forms of Ripple-Like Hippocampal Oscillations." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 8 (2014): 2989-3004.
Ames, K. Cora, Stephen I. Ryu, and Krishna V. Shenoy. "Neural Dynamics of Reaching following Incorrect or Absent Motor Preparation." Neuron 81, no. 2 (2014): 438-451.
Bekolay, Trevor, Mark Laubach, and Chris Eliasmith. "A Spiking Neural Integrator Model of the Adaptive Control of Action by the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. " The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 5 (2014): 1892-1902.
Benhamou, Liora, Orli Kehat, and Dana Cohen. "Firing Pattern Characteristics of Tonically Active Neurons in Rat Striatum: Context Dependent or Species Divergent." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 6 (2014): 2299-2304.
Botelho, Eliã P., Cecília Ceriatte, Juliana GM Soares, Ricardo Gattass, and Mario Fiorani. "Quantification of early stages of cortical reorganization of the topographic map of V1 following retinal lesions in monkeys." Cerebral Cortex 24, no. 1 (2014): 1-16.
Genovesio, Aldo, Satoshi Tsujimoto, Giulia Navarra, Rossella Falcone, and Steven P. Wise. "Autonomous Encoding of Irrelevant Goals and Outcomes by Prefrontal Cortex Neurons." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 5 (2014): 1970 1978.
Happel, Max FK, Matthias Deliano, Juliane Handschuh, and Frank W. Ohl. "Dopamine Modulated Recurrent Corticoefferent Feedback in Primary Sensory Cortex Promotes Detection of Behaviorally Relevant Stimuli." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 4 (2014): 1234-1247.
Islam, Md Kafiul, Amir Rastegarnia, Anh Tuan Nguyen, and Zhi Yang. "Artifact Characterization and Removal for In-Vivo Neural Recording." Journal of Neuroscience Methods (2014).
Moran, Anan, and Donald B. Katz. "Sensory Cortical Population Dynamics Uniquely Track Behavior across Learning and Extinction." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 4 (2014): 1248- 1257.
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Perrodin, Catherine, Christoph Kayser, Nikos K. Logothetis, and Christopher I. Petkov. "Auditory and Visual Modulation of Temporal Lobe Neurons in Voice-Sensitive and Association Cortices." The Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 7 (2014): 2524 2537.
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Van Beek-King, Jessica M., Pamela T. Bhatti, David Blake, Jonathan Crawford, and Brian J. McKinnon. "Silicone-Coated Thin Film Array Cochlear Implantation in a Feline Model." Otology & Neurotology 35, no. 1 (2014): e45-e49.
For users of the PlexBright LD-1 Single Channel Driver, you will appreciate the most recent version of the User Guide now available online on the product page resources tab or the Documentation page under the PlexBright System.
The Plexon website homepage has been modified to now highlight the most important news to researchers- such as new software releases, product launches, deadlines, and similar. Check out our new scrolling Recent News panel.
They can be completed electronically and sent to either orders@plexon.com or faxed to +1 (214) 369-1775. A quote will be sent to you shortly thereafter. Forms are located on the Resources tab for any PlexBright product webpage, or on the Documentation page under the PlexBright System.
• 2014 Plexon Neurophysiology & Behavior Workshop, March 17-20; Dallas, TX, USA.


Our Laurie Spina Shield champions!
The Mackay Magpies under-11s have enjoyed the most memorable night of their short rugby league careers, winning the 2014 Laurie Spina Shield, presented by Guildford Coal, at 1300SMILES Stadium on Saturday night.
A try early in the 25-minute grand final, played out in front of thousands of league fans prior to the Toyota Cowboys' NRL clash with South Sydney, gave them a 4-0 win against Townsville Brothers to earn the Magpies the shield for the first time.
It capped off an outstanding two days of football which saw the Magpies finish their five pool matches unbeaten with an amazing record of 45 tries scored and just one conceded.
They then came from a try down to beat Upper Ross Rams 24-4 in the quarter-finals before making it to the decider by edging out Western Lions from Townsville 12-8 in the semi-finals.
Brothers ended the run of the Burleigh Bears 8-0 in the other semi.
Two other Townsville Brothers teams as well as defending champions Centrals Tigers qualified for the final eight as pool winners.
The Magpies' victory makes it four straight years that the Shield has been won by a North Queensland club following on from Centrals (2011 and 2013) and Innisfail Brothers (2012).


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Topless FEMEN protesters against the crucifix in Quebec's National Assembly (VIDEO)
By Jason C. McLean Oct 2, 2013 Oct 2, 2013
A group of protesters shouting "Crucifix, décalisse" (translation: Crucifix get the hell out of here) interrupted Premier Pauline Marois as she started speaking in the National Assembly yesterday. FEMEN Quebec claimed responsibility for the protest of the Charter of Quebec Values and its uneven approach to state secularism.
The charter exempts the giant cross on top of the Quebec legislature and other "ostentatious" Christian symbols from its sweeping ban on "ostentatious" religious symbols in the public sphere on the grounds that they are "integral to the Québécois identity." The group pointed out that the cross only showed up in the National Assembly under Maurice Duplessis' reign, symbolizing his government's close ties to the Catholic Church.
Below is a video of security trying desperately to remove and clothe the protesters (La Presse has a longer video on their site).
Did the protest get its point across?
ActivismFemenPauline MaroisQuebecQuebec Charter of Values
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Jason C. McLean http://www.jasoncmclean.com
is a Montreal-based writer, actor, activist, culture-jammer and sometimes singer. He is a co-founder of the Forget The Box Media Collective and the Editor-in-Chief of/regular contributor to FTB.
Oasis juice gets slammed by the court of public opinion!
By David DesBaillets Apr 13, 2012 Apr 25, 2012
Petro-Quebec inc.
By Sarah Ring Jan 10, 2014 Jan 10, 2014
"We can't start the revolution from Starbucks" – For Quebec, for OUR budget, join us in the streets!
By Ethan Cox Jun 12, 2012 Jun 12, 2012
Quebec Businesses to Re-Open February 8th, Curfew to Remain in Effect
By FTB Staff Feb 2, 2021 Apr 27, 2021


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5th Anniversary of Divine Retreat Centre Blackheath The Halley Academy, Blackheath, London, SE3 8EP
sat01jun9:00 am4:30 pm5th Anniversary of Divine Retreat CentreBlackheath: English9:00 am - 4:30 pm BlackheathLanguage:EnglishRetreat type:1 Day Retreat
"I would like to congratulate the Fathers of the Vincentian Congregation and all involved with the Divine Retreat Centre UK on reaching this 5th anniversary milestone. I am delighted to be
"I would like to congratulate the Fathers of the Vincentian Congregation and all involved with the Divine Retreat Centre UK on reaching this 5th anniversary milestone. I am delighted to be able to join in part of the day of celebration and to preside at the Convention Mass. I pray that the peace that Jesus gave to his disciples after His resurrection and the gift of the Holy Spirit may be renewed in all who will to take part in the Convention. With an assurance of my prayers and my blessing on the future work of Divine Retreat Centre UK" – Archbishop Peter Smith
Dearest Friend in Christ, This year, the Divine Retreat Centre completes 5 years of ministry in the UK. To mark this milestone, we will be holding our 5th Anniversary Convention on 1st June 2019. It will take place from 9:00am-4:30pm, and will be led by:
Most Reverend Archbishop Peter Smith (Bishop of The Archdiocese of Southwark)
Fr Augustine Vallooran VC (Director of Divine Retreat Centre, Muringoor)
Fr George Panackal VC
Fr Antony Parankimalil VC
Fr Jose Palliyil VC
Fr Joseph Edattu VC
at The Halley Academy, Blackheath, London, SE3 8EP (NOT the Divine Retreat Centre). We cordially invite you to join us as we celebrate this wonderful gift of Divine UK. Looking back, this centre has grown tremendously since its humble beginnings, and your kind support, prayers and contributions were fundamental to its establishment and rapid growth. Thus, we would like to convey our heartfelt gratitude, and request your presence as we spend the day in thanksgiving. Coaches to the venue have been arranged from different areas of UK- please refer to the poster below. Also, kindly pass this news on to your friends and family, and bring them with you! With prayerful regards, Vincentian Fathers of Divine Retreat Centre UK N.B- Lunch, and refreshments will be provided. Car parking is also available at the venue
The Halley Academy, Blackheath, London, SE3 8EP
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And if we know that he listens to whatever we ask him, we know that we already possess whatever we have asked of him. (1 John 5:15)
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Editor Roundtable: Manchester by the Sea
During the first two seasons of the podcast, we watched a movie each week from one of the twelve Story Grid content genres, then analyzed it using the Editor's Six Core Questions. We racked up twenty-eight episodes, twenty-eight Global Foolscap worksheets, and twenty-eight sets of extensive notes. That detailed content is available at storygrid.com.
After all that, we decided it was time for a change. So for season three, we're analyzing films in a new way.
Each week one of us will propose a favorite movie that they think is a great example of a key story principle. That editor then has to make the case for their position with the help of a partner. They will advocate their case for why it's a great example of a story principle, while two of us will be the opposition and put the proposition to the test. Of course, you can argue, debate, and tell us how you would decide the case in the comments below or on Twitter @StoryGridRT.
To wind up the episode, we'll answer a question from one of our listeners. If you have a question about a story principle, you can ask it on Twitter @storygridRT, or leave us a voice message at the top of the Editor Roundtable Podcast page.
This week, our A-Team is led by Valerie, who pitched Manchester by the Sea as a great example of a surprising but inevitable conclusion. This 2016 film was directed by Kenneth Lonergan from his Oscar-winning screenplay.
Valerie will be ably assisted by Leslie. Kim and Anne will be the B-Team. Their job is to question whether the story principle really is well served by the movie, give some counterexamples, and help all of us get to the bottom of what a surprising but inevitable conclusion really is, and how to achieve it in your own story.
Global Genre: Morality > Redemption
Secondary Genre: Society > Domestic
Controlling idea: Good triumphs when Lee puts Patrick's needs ahead of his own.
Beginning Hook – When Lee Chandler's brother dies, he learns that he's been named guardian of his 16-year-old nephew, Patrick. Lee must decide whether he'll accept guardianship or not. However, since he's a broken man, Lee is unable to make the decision and defers it to a later time. (He spends the rest of the film struggling with this question.)
Middle Build – Lee looks after his nephew (for the short term at least) but when his ex-wife, Randi, confesses that she still loves him, he's must decide whether or not he will stay in Manchester permanently (as Patrick wants) or move to Boston. Once again, Lee defers making the decision. He gets drunk, starts a bar fight and eventually breaks down.
Ending Payoff – When Lee nearly starts a second house fire, he must finally decide whether he will continue to be Patrick's legal guardian and, if so, where they'll live. He makes arrangements with family friends to adopt Patrick so he can stay in Manchester, while he moves back to Boston.
The Proposition
First let's start by answering a few questions.
What does it mean for an ending to be surprising yet inevitable? We all know what a surprise ending is; it's an ending the audience doesn't see coming. When that happens, our minds reel back over the story trying to make sense of this unexpected conclusion. For an ending to truly be surprising yet inevitable, once it's revealed, the audience understands that the story couldn't have ended any other way. It makes perfect sense for the story and the characters, and is completely satisfying. (Note: the word "satisfying" can be problematic because it's subjective. Sometimes an audience wants a happily ever after even if it doesn't make sense for the story.)
Why do writers want to include an ending that is surprising yet inevitable in their stories? When done right, this ending is a crowd-pleaser. Stories that pull this off, get talked about. Manchester By The Sea gets talked about.
Why is this ending surprising yet inevitable? There are many reasons, and I'll go through them in just a minute. But they all boil down to one thing: this ending is completely in line with the character of Lee Chandler. It simply wouldn't make sense for Lee to (1) either stay in Manchester, or (2) bring Patrick back to Boston.
When we first meet Lee Chandler, he's a broken man. In the scenes leading up to the Global Inciting Incident (ie the phone call about Joe), the only emotion he expresses is anger (argument with the tenant, picking a fight in the bar). Nothing happens during the rest of the story that would justify his being able to function in Manchester as Patrick's guardian. He's a hollow shell and, as he tells Randi, "there's nothing there" – meaning, he can't feel anything. His tragic past as left him numb.
That said, Lee isn't a bad guy. He made a tragic mistake (stupid even) but a mistake nonetheless. He isn't evil, he's broken, guilt-ridden and in pain. He was, and is, a loving father, son, brother, uncle and husband. He never denies responsibility for the accident and seems disappointed to not be arrested and punished. While he mentions that he couldn't turn the central heat on because of Randi's breathing issues, he never blames Randi for what happened. When the police decide not to arrest or charge him, Lee decides to punish himself; first he tries to kill himself and then he exiles himself from Manchester.
Even though he knows he can't be Patrick's guardian (he can't even remember where he parked the car – how could he possibly be a guardian?), he wants the best for his nephew. He refuses to allow Patrick's mother to be guardian because, as broken as he is, she's worse. He tries to make it work and puts his own life on hold to allow Patrick to finish the school year in Manchester. He discusses plans for Patrick to move to Boston with him, but Patrick doesn't want to move.
Lee recognizes that Sandy's mom (Jill) is a nice woman; if he wanted to resettle in Manchester, he could settle with her. She's certainly interested. At first he can't even accept an invite into the house and when he eventually does go in, he can't talk with her.
Throughout the story, Lee keeps trying to tell people that he isn't capable of being what they think he should be, or perhaps what they need him to be. He can't be Patrick's guardian, he can't have lunch with Randi, he can't make small talk with Sandy's mother or stay for dinner, he can't talk to Patrick's mother or stay for lunch. He isn't the man he was before the accident.
Everyone wants what's best for the nephew (Joe, Lee, George etc) but they have different definitions of what is best. In the end, we can't help but agree that Lee's version of "what's best" is actually what's best. He is a shell of a man (a complete mess). His children died because of him, and he nearly causes a second fire in Patrick's house. How could he possibly be a positive role model and guardian? Patrick does have a much better chance of becoming a fully formed, independent and well-adjusted adult with George and Janine. George is a better role model and together, he and his wife provide stability for Patrick during a time of great turmoil.
Our main contention with the ending of this story arc is that it is not Redemption, which is what the audience is waiting for. Lee's choice at the end does not feel like sacrifice–to put the needs of others above one's own. Lee never wanted to be the guardian, he states that clearly at the outset and maintains it throughout. In the spectrum of Life Values for Morality stories, the end feels more like the negative value of self-interest/self-preservation, or the neutral value where self-interest aligns with needs of others. (Check out Leslie and Kim's blog post Internal Genres Part 2: Character Driven Stories through Life Values for more details)
However, that is not to say the ending doesn't work, it just creates a story arc that is so rare that the audience is not primed for it, so to speak. Manchester by the Sea seems to fall into the rare internal genre of Degeneration plot. Norman Friedman describes this as
A character change for the worse occurs when we start with a protagonist who was at one time sympathetic and full of ambition and subject them to some crucial loss which results in their utter disillusionment. They then have to choose between picking up the threads of their life and starting over again, or giving up their goals and ambitions altogether. If they choose the former course, we have what may be termed "the resignation plot," but, since I know of only one such plot—Uncle Vanya—I have not reserved a special section for it. Chekhov, indeed, seems to have been obsessed with the problem of how a person can live after all his ideals, hopes, and goals have been shattered, but he most frequently had his protagonists choose the latter course, as in Ivanov and The Seagull.
It plays out as a combination of Disillusionment and Testing-Surrender. It's not so much about gaining or losing their Inner Moral Compass as much as it gaining or losing their Will To Live (this does not mean they will actually die. They have already metaphorically died and they cannot bring themself to pursue life in its many rich and varied forms.) Our feeble short-range hopes materialize in long range fears.
We don't have a tidy equivalent for this in our Story Grid index of genres. Shawn often chooses to keep his systematic explanations simple and universal as possible, to not overcomplicate things. I would posit there are additional subgenres of Testing (like their are in Action) that would cover this nuance. The protagonist feels like anti Status-Admiration–someone who maintains their principles without compromise, but the principles are inverted. Instead of Strength and Honor, we have Broken and Resigned. In Manchester by the Sea, Lee never waivers on his convictions–the situation is unfixable. His phrase at the end when he breaks the news to his nephew that he cannot be his guardian: "I can't beat it." And we understand. We don't like it, but we understand.
So what does all of this have to do with the argument of "surprising yet inevitable conclusion"? It's not to say the storytellers here didn't do their job or provide a set up for their ending–it's that the story they are telling is rare (Friedman found one!) and the pattern is not as ingrained in a modern audience (as say Redemption). Interpreting the meaning of events gets cloudy, because the reader and viewers expectations are for something else.
It's interesting because the film doesn't really try to get our hopes up–it's painfully honest about how irreversible Lee's condition is. And yet we do hope. One scene that we noted was when the rifles are shown in the gun case. Because we have already seen the moment in the police station when Lee tried to shoot himself with the officer's gun, our chests tighten at this image–oh no, what is Lee going to do? And then the nephew comes in and Lee suggests they sell them to pay for the new boat motor. Our hearts soar!
It is these kinds of moments that set us up for a redemption that doesn't occur. This is surprising, and his consistency makes his inability to change is inevitable … but it that the same as satisfying?
Personally, I define surprising yet inevitable as being uniquely satisfying, almost like a great punchline. Whether that punchline lands, of course, is going to depend on personal taste.
Some things are closer to universally-liked than others. I think we all instinctively know where we land on the bell curve of popularity with any given work of art. I like a lot of things that are just super easy and popular (like the big Marvel movies) and I know I'm right there with the mainstream at the top of that bell curve. On the other hand, I love some things that are obscure and weird and difficult, and I'm aware that I'm part of a smaller group in those cases.
So what you say, Kim, about the rarity of this genre and how we're not really primed for it explains how this movie, with its thought provoking ending, does not feel satisfying to a lot of people. I came to a degree of satisfaction with it several days after watching it. It won Oscars for a reason. But I definitely did not, personally, walk away satisfied. I felt that I was left hanging. The fact that that was kind of the point was, as I say, lost on me for a few days.
I think there's a distinction between intellectual satisfaction and more visceral or emotional pleasure. Not a distinction in merit or worth, but of Core Emotion. Core Emotion comes down to "what the reader wants to feel at the end of this type of story." For instance, I expect to have a "Stand Up And Cheer" feeling at the end of a good Performance story like Billy Elliot. That's a very popular, satisfying story type. It's a crowd-pleaser. So is the "Yay! She Beat The Bad Guys" feeling of Wonder Woman.
Moving down the popularity slope–arguably, and depending on the state of the culture at a given moment–we find the cathartic, emotionally cleansed feeling of a tragic love story like Brokeback Mountain, and the "Wow, That's Deep" feeling at the end of a good Worldview Revelation story like Arrival.
Meanwhile, the rather shocked, thoughtful, shaken feeling I had at the end of Manchester by the Sea is rarely what I, personally, seek out in a story, but when it's done well, I can appreciate it.
I'll just wind up my thoughts by saying that writers should absolutely write the kind of story they have in their heart to write, but at the same time, they should be aware of that bell curve of popularity. Understand where on it your chosen genre is likely to fall, accept that, and make it the best story it can be. With all due respect to Kenneth Lonergan and the amazing performances by the lead actors, Manchester By The Sea's user rating on Amazon is about 3 stars out of 5, demonstrating that the story was perhaps more appreciated than loved.
That said, I certainly won't forget it anytime soon.
It's interesting to think about how small changes to the story could change the core emotion experience. I wonder if they would have played it more like a true-to-form Testing-Surrender story, where the protagonist must fight to maintain their will only to give it up in the end, would have been more satisfying. This might come in the form of more effort from Lee, an indication that he will try to stay close to Patrick's school, perhaps close enough to commute, only he is unable to follow through after his encounter with Randi. The other thing that might have helped would be if Patrick were younger. At almost 17, the time commitment just doesn't have the same impact as it would if he were younger. This may be more to the point of just how unable-to-change Lee is, but it does fuel the frustration we feel at the ending.
As Anne said, even though the ending did not feel satisfying in the way I hoped, the story certainly stays with you.
The Rebuttal
There are two points that undermine the idea of this story as an example of what Friedman calls a degeneration plot. First, it wouldn't represent a real change in the protagonist at all. Utter disillusionment could be a description of where Lee begins the story, but that's a different value spectrum and doesn't change appreciably from beginning to end. Also, it's hard to characterize Lee as someone who is full of ambition.
While reasonable minds can differ, I see the ending as more active and more like acceptance than resignation.
Satisfying Ending
There is some evidence that this film provides a satisfying ending. It has a Rotten Tomatoes critics score of 95 percent with an audience rating of 77 percent.
This film if it had a Hollywood ending couldn't deliver this story's powerful message about compassion for wounded souls. Sometimes when people experience trauma, they don't heal so that they can continue their lives like before. Some would argue that what Lee needs is to be back with his family and community and face events and emotions. But that misses the point that he's barely holding things together on his own with an uncomplicated existence. Instead of imposing our view on wounded people, we can offer compassion, even if we don't understand their behavior. We can also believe them when they say they aren't able to take on more than basic survival.
In an ideal world, Lee would heal and be able to move back to his hometown and step into the role of Patrick's guardian. This story helps us to consider a different point of view, see reality more clearly, and make a better choice in similar circumstances.
Excellent Use of Metaphor
A great metaphor for redemption that provides subtext for the Lee's relationship with Patrick comes near the end of the film, after the funeral. Lee picks up a ball and is bouncing it as he and Patrick walk along. He's doing okay, managing to control the ball and walk. Patrick is asking hard questions about the details of the near future (e.g., When am I moving in with George?). Lee explains that he needs to find an apartment, one with an extra room (subtext: I want to make space for you in my life, even though I can't be your guardian). Patrick asks why, and Lee fumbles through it and says, "Do we have to talk about this now?" Then he bounces the ball to Patrick without warning, and his nephew must scramble to catch it. He bounces it back to Lee, who misses and says, "Just let it go." Patrick grabs it anyway and tosses to Lee. Lee misses it, but Patrick tries again, and Lee catches it. This is a beautiful resolution scene that seems to demonstrate that these two will be okay, that they've found a third way through their difficulties.
How do you create an ending that is surprising yet inevitable?
This is all about setups and payoffs. The key is that (1) the audience doesn't see it coming and (2) when the audience reflects on the ending, they realize that the story couldn't have ended any other way. Any other ending would not have been true to the story or the protagonist.
So, as writers, we've got to make sure that we're setting the audience up for one thing, yet delivering something entirely different – but something that still makes sense.
For example, in Manchester by the Sea, we're set up for a happily ever after because that's what we're used to seeing in this kind of story. The character redeems himself by becoming whole and good (example, Scrooge) and the family that is fragmented at the beginning comes together at the end (example, Flight).
I believe Lee does redeem himself, but not in the way we're used to seeing. More on that later. When we reflect on the story and the clues that Kenneth Lonergan has given us about who Lee Chandler is, we realize that there's no way he can move back to Manchester and become the positive role model and guardian that Patrick needs. He is not, and never will be, Ward Cleaver (Leave it to Beaver), Jim Anderson (Father Knows Best), Steve Douglas (My Three Sons) or—dare I say it—Heathcliff Huxtable (The Cosby Show).
Great article from Anne on setups and payoffs: Storytellers, Assemble https://storygrid.com/storytellers-assemble/
This film is also an excellent example of
Exposition As Ammunition: The backstory is revealed only when the audience needs to know. The information given at key times in story and helps to drive story forward.
Innovating a Genre
Manchester by the Sea is a redemption story with a love story subplot.
Morality-Redemption: The quintessential redemption plot story is A Christmas Carol. Scrooge is a black hat at the beginning, and a white hat at the end. So many stories follow this pattern that the audience is "programmed" to expect it. We're programmed to expect that Lee will somehow get his act together, move back to Manchester and be the man we know he could have been. We assume it will happen, the only question in the audience's mind is how it will happen.
Of course, it never does. Lee Chandler is a very different type of character and at first blush, he doesn't seem to redeem himself at all! He's still broken. He can't heal and doesn't seem to want to because feeling the pain and living with the pain is his penance.
When the film begins, Lee is at the negation of the negation. He's a shell of a man, living in pain. Death would be a mercy for him, but he's been denied that release. He's in a living hell. By the end of film he redeems himself, but not in the way the town, or the audience expects. He can't care for his nephew. He's so broken that if he was the guardian he'd end up ruining his nephew's life. He loves his nephew and wants what's best – and what's best is to be raised by a well-adjusted couple with parenting experience. Not being raised by a broken man who can't feel anything but anger. So, leaving Manchester the second time is for the greater good. (Note: Lee doesn't go to the full positive value on the spectrum, but does end positively.)
In the beginning of the story (Lee's story, not the film), he did what was best for himself. It was easier for him to continue on to the minimart and not trudge all the way back to the house to check on the fireplace screen. By the end of the film/story, Lee does what's best for his nephew.
Love Story: Audiences expect (and hope) to see love stories end positively. The happily ever after ending is a crowd pleaser. It's obvious that Lee still loves Randi (and even refers to her as his wife) and knowing that she has remarried and is having another child, hurts him more. When she confesses her love for him, the audience has hope that maybe, just maybe, they can find some way to work things out. Our hopes are dashed however when Lee confesses that "there's nothing". It's heartbreaking. Lee loves her so much that he's not going to drag her down with him. He's not going to do anything to put her current happiness – or her attempt at happiness – at risk. He's certainly not going to do anything to put Dillon's chances of a happy childhood at risk. This is a bittersweet proof of love scene if there ever was one. As much as we want Randi and Lee to be together (because we know they belong together), that ending would not have rung true.
Refusal to Choose Indication of Psychic Break: During the crisis moment, the protagonist can either choose to act, or do nothing. If he acts, his options are a Best Bad Choice or Irreconcilable Goods. If he does nothing, it's an indication of a psychic break. The character is in such turmoil that he simply can't choose. This is not a "get out of jail free" card for the writer. Having a character not make a choice is a very difficult technique to pull off and should only be used if and when it propels the story forward – and even then, only once in a story.
In Manchester By The Sea, Lee Chandler has suffered a staggering personal trauma that has left him so broken that he's unable to make even the smallest decisions. At the beginning of the film, he can't give his professional opinion to a tenant. Of course the biggest decision he has to make concerns the guardianship of Patrick, and it takes him the entire film to do it. When he is able to act, his choices are those that allow him to express anger and feel pain. He yells at a tenant, punches his fist through a window and twice starts a bar fight. It's only after the second fight, when he's been knocked out and severely beaten, that he finally breaks down and cries. In the end, his decision to return to Boston without Patrick is exactly because he is broken. He knows the boy would be better off with George and Janine.
Mirror of BH Crisis and EP Crisis: The crisis of the beginning hook is when Lee has to decide whether he'll be Patrick's guardian or not. This question comes up again in the ending payoff, but this time it's answered. When Lee nearly starts another house fire, he realizes that he can't possibly raise his nephew.
Subtext and Metaphor
Sharks: Flashback to banter about sharks. Keep your thumb out of the way so you don't get cut because sharks will smell the blood and tear the whole boat apart. Why does he think of this while driving to see Patrick? Why this memory of all the memories he could be thinking about with his brother and nephew? Lee knows he's wounded and his angry emotions could tear everything apart. The entire time he's in MbtS, he's trying to manage the bleeding and keep the sharks at bay. He's especially careful (and vulnerable) when he's with Patrick.
Character Foil
Patrick's mother is broken too, though we don't know why. Her character provides a great contrast to Lee. She's an example of someone who is broken and can't cope, but doesn't realize it, and so has a cycle of trying and failing that is harder for everyone. Her new husband recognizes what she can't after the lunch and tells Patrick he will manage the relationship.
This week our question is from Faye White, commenting on our Gone Girl episode.
"Wondering if some of the story structure challenges (no distinct hero at mercy of the villain) might have been less distinctive if Gillian Flynn hadn't written the screenplay as well as the novel."
Anne weighed in on this one. Of course we can only speculate. Gillian Flynn has done some additional screenwriting for TV, and one other movie since Gone Girl, but I haven't seen them to compare. But the screenplay as filmed worked for a lot of people, as did the book, at least in part because it innovated on the genre. The question is whether, as a novelist, Flynn has been trained as a McKee-style screenwriter, or whether she consciously chose to innovate by leaving out or changing some of the precise conventions and obligatory scenes for the thriller genre.
That wraps it up for this week. Join us next time to find out whether Kim can make the case that the 2014 animated adventure Song of the Sea is a great example of both the Hero's Journey and Virgin's Promise. Why not give it a look during the week, and follow along with us?
Your Roundtable Story Grid Editors are Jarie Bolander, Valerie Francis, Anne Hawley, Kim Kessler, and Leslie Watts.
Annamarie Muihead says:
I did enjoy this debate, actually loved it, with all muy favorite voices too. great job well done.
ANNE HAWLEY says:
Thank you, Annamarie! We really appreciate your feedback.
Terry Brennan says:
The villain of the story is the town of Manchester; that's why it's the title of the film. The people of Manchester refuse to forgive Lee. A former employer refuses to give him a job, and refuses to have him even stand in her office. Everyone stares at him. It's not Lee's personal fault that he can't heal; it's the town's refusal to allow him there.
Randi's forgiveness only makes everyone else's refusal clearer to Lee, and makes him realize that he can't accomplish the task. He finds another creative solution instead, proving that he really is a Hero.
The Hero's Story focuses on the individual, but this story damns the Hero's city. I don't think Shawn has a category for that. It's also what makes this story worthy.
Terry, that is a REALLY interesting observation, and one that I think all five of us missed. I'd point out that a "villain" can be a force of antagonism rather than an individual character, and that the townspeople might collectively represent a social evil, something like "excommunication" or "shunning"–a moral judgment.
It's very difficult, however, not to see Lee's own internalized shunning as a powerful force of antagonism, too. As in most morality stories, the protagonist is fighting an internal demon. But you're quite right that that internal demon is reflected (and, arguably, fed) by the townsfolk.
Avie A says:
Loved, loved, loved your analysis, Editors!
I watched this movie because Shawn recommended it, and wasn't disappointed (but then I am a sucker for powerful, slice-of-life stories). I know you were focusing on "surprising but inevitable" issue during this podcast, but I kind of missed you all mentioning the negative ending love story between Lee and Randy, and also the use of humour. This movie was hard to watch for many reasons, and the director showed a real mastery using dry humour to relieve the tension, especially, it seems, during dark moments (Lee brother's diagnosis, when they start making fun of his condition, when Lee looks at the guns, when Patrick freaks out because frozen chicken falls out of the fridge). He even used is in the darkest scene (the house fire scene, next morning, where the gurney doesn't collapse properly). That little ironic spark saved me from drowning in my own tears, honestly.
In fact, I remember I was ready to give up on this movie, until the flashback when Lee's brother gets diagnosed with his condition. It was an excellent, subtle, tragicomedic scene, and it just rang so painfully true. (wouldn't it be denial on K-R curve? They all make light of his condition by joking about it).
It's a great movie, I was really excited to see you were going to analyse it, and loved this episode.
I also agree with Terry above, that Manchester is the villain. Brilliant observation. I couldn't make sense of the title of the movie, but now I do.
Thanks, Avie. As one of the Roundtablers who found this movie really hard to watch (though I did appreciate its high quality), I can't say that the humor landed with me quite the way it did for you. It's so interesting how really *personal* our responses to stories are, isn't it?
I'm so glad you enjoyed the episode. We're enjoying the fresh challenge of tackling Story Grid subject matter a new way.
Mark McGinn says:
I think you guys have stepped up a level with your analysis. I found myself saying, 'yes, that's right' for both sides of the debate. Apart from the interesting and promising format in this series, I'm noticing a couple of things which make the podcast very enjoyable. One is, the story intellect you bring to the dialogue. My choice of the word dialogue is deliberate because you are contributing to greater collective understanding of the principles behind what makes a story work. The other thing is that your collective relationships are strengthening. Politeness has been replaced by robust yet respectful disagreement when warranted. You have a genuine conflict of perspectives but dont shy away from that- just as we wouldn't let our story characters off the hook, neither do you guys. It's great because the conflict provokes a deeper level of thought. Well done. I look forward to more.
Awesome feedback, Mark, and much appreciated! We've been working hard to build a bit more of a dialogue feel into the show. It's tricky with five voices, and as the editor/producer, I'm so glad to know we're getting better at it. Thank you so much.
Drew Emery says:
This is an excellent analysis and discussion, the kind that gives the already very robust Story Grid body of understanding another subtle dimension or two. Thank you! What really struck home is the relatively simple concept of how few people are going to be primed for the highly specific (and rare) story form used in the movie. That explains the very varied responses to it. I'd hazard to guess that, another variable that certainly affects one's response to the film is the simple fact of whether you watched it on video alone, or whether you saw it in a theatre with others. Part of the brutal honesty of the film that's so effective is the way it casually inserts the viewer into highly intimate and unforgiving moments of people's lives, sometimes humorously but often tragically. Having made a film that also relied heavily on this heightened sense of intimacy, I can say that there was almost always a marked difference between those who saw it alone vs. with a crowd. The communal experience of experiencing rare but deeply felt moments of intimacy is incredibly powerful. Seeing it alone can be powerful but your emotional response to those moments as a private viewer have considerably less stakes than when you share those emotional moments with a room of strangers. This is especially true I think for a film that centers on the emotional state of a male in a very patriarchal society, as MbtS is so expertly drawn.
But that leads me to a question. I found both your panel's argument and rebuttal to be persuasive in their own ways but I keep coming back to the critical question about the protagonist: What is the change they undergo? I had initially felt this was also a Redemption story of sorts but it seems that the real change that Lee undergoes is one of gaining understanding. Yes, he is still broken and in profound pain at the end of the film – but by being forced to revisit the scene of his undoing and confront his demons, it seems that he is able to have a level of understanding at the end that he didn't have at the beginning. No more irrational self-punishing lashing out and bar fights, but instead, an acceptance that self-care is needed (going back to Boston) but also making a wise decision regarding Patrick. If I had to boil it down, I'd say the climactic scene, his emotional confrontation with Randi sparks the change. Yes, he's still responsible for his mistake but no, it doesn't negate his value as a person. He is still loved and can play a role in people's lives again. Punishing himself is ultimately a selfish act. Doing right by others (not being tempted by Randi, making wise choice re: Patrick, taking care of himself so that others are no longer immersed in overwhelming pity and fear for him, etc).
So all that said, it makes me think the change and growth is all around a central value of understanding, which would put this in the Worldview genre. I'm not sure that's a perfect fit but many of the elements make sense to me. Either that or yes, there is Redemption of a sorts for Lee. His ending choices and actions do put him on the road to redemption by being able to do right by others in his choices rather than immersing himself in self-pity. What do you think? Given the rarity of the story arc, can this story straddle more than one genre? Or is this that rare innovation of a genre where the ending is unpredictable, in part, because it doesn't fit the usual expected full redemptive arc of a redemption story?
Awesome job, you all. This discussion alone is incredibly helpful to my work!
One more thing: I completely agree with the idea of seeing MbtS as a character itself is spot on. My parents are both from tiny towns in New England and I found the overall atmosphere and attention to detail of that kind of small town life to be incredibly accurate – and very powerful. If we're to look at this through the lens of a secondary genre, the external genre of Society, for example – there's lots of fodder in the story that fuels our primed senses in that genre. Note how very gendered all of the roles are in the film. And yet, for nearly all of the main characters, the role of caregiver/nurturer/protector is given to men. Lee has failed the ultimate test of the caregiver/nurturer/protector – keeping his children alive – and sees no role for himself in this microcosm of society. (The only female characters I can remember are: the girlfriend's mom – who very much is lost without that husband or spouse in her life to give her definition, Patrick's mom, who parallel to Lee has failed the caregiver test and is herself in full custody of a controlling new husband and, Randi, who is both the foil to the Patrick's mom and a foil to Lee. She too has been broken but she soldiers on, and somehow has managed through her pain to forge a new relationship and start a new family.)
Anyway, in this gendered world, it's Lee's filial duty to his late brother that prompts a new test – can he rise to the occasion to fulfill his duty by being a parent to his orphaned nephew? In other words, can he suck it up to put others first again (that is, repress unwelcome male vulnerability) or will he be that tragic figure that the whole town will continue to shun and pity? It's a Hobbsian choice where the surprise ending is that, No actually, the evolved more adult male choice is to care for himself and do right by others by playing the role that he CAN play in their lives rather than try to live up to an ideal that simply won't work for everyone.
Can you tell that I loved this film? I see it as the ultimate male weepie, in a way. It's power comes from that one thing that probably makes it too challenging and unsatisfying for a good many, that it confronts our idea of what a man in today's society can do in terms of coming to terms with incredibly pain and vulnerability. My 2¢.
Miles White says:
I don't like the typical Hollywood ending movie. I prefer melancholia and the bittersweet ending, so I found MbtS a very satisfying film, and I found this a very satisfying discussion in its exploration of Lee's irreconcilable emotions and frame of mind and final decision about Patrick. I agree it's not redemption by the end, but he does move up from the negation of the negation, so it does end on a more positive note than it began, as someone pointed out, and its just full of raw humanity that endears our compassion. In that sense the story works, and as you concluded, it could not have ended any other way and been as powerful. This was a very loving treatment of a beautifully complex and nuanced film. Thanks for looking at it and unwrapping it.


Discussion in 'Tesla' started by TeslaInvestors, Sep 2, 2018.
Welcome to the Tesla sale-athon! $7000 autopilot (whatever that is; some call it auto crash) is given away free with every Model 3 purchase in China for the "Chinese new year" sale!
Off the hook demand folks. Easily can sell 500k of these in 2019!
Tesla just can't make these fast enough.
Tesla has been calling MOdel 3 res holders for years, lying to them that fed tax credit will expire before they can get their MOdel 3.
Is it just me, or do incorrigable liars have a tendency to call others liars where it's entirely undeserved?
Quite easy. It's just you, my friend!
PS: Elon lies about EVERYTHING! If he is not lying, he is not talking.
Wow, TeslaInvestors is carpet-bombing the thread with his FUD today. Wonder why he's so desperate lately? Just how fast is he losing money on his "short" investment?
Obviously Tesla won't be able to make 500,000 Model 3's this year, since they only have a single auto assembly plant and that's nearly maxed out. I think at this point the only way they can increase production at the Fremont plant is incremental improvements due to increased automation. See the new video showing tires and wheels being installed by a robot arm.
500 thousand, some bulls claiming a million, reservations are all gone! Pff!
Mostly just converting the Model S owners to Model 3 owners.
By just upgrading the same customer's car multiple times, using the $7500 tax credit to offset Tesla's losses when they literally gave away new cars for slightly old leased vehicles. Supposedly this tax scheme of the century saved the planet.
It was all the talk back in 2016. Now not a peep.
The non-existent $35000 miracle car with looong range? Nowhere.
I think there is a name for such things. Something beginning with 's' or 'f'.
The real question is, how and why FTC allows such things in a country like USA.
And now .. the big bomb shell from Reuters. A definitive proof that Tesla itself thinks, demand in US has evaporated for the near future.
It laid off more than half of delivery agents. Who needs them when shareholders are there to work for free to keep the lights on?
I will like to see a plot of the fallen Ford Model T vs. Tesla Model 3 ramp up a few months later. No, not the "projected" one. This one will be the real numbers vs. real numbers.
Reuters is doing a fine job today dismantling this thing.
PS: This is a silver lining of the otherwise dark story of layoffs. Inside stories and facts start coming out much more freely, with no fear of the oppressive management.
TeslaInvestors said "Tesla has been calling MOdel 3 res holders for years, lying to them that fed tax credit will expire before they can get their MOdel 3."
Hey Pushy! Read the Reuters article! You will hear the same thing from the ex-employees. So, yes, it's definitely just you. Still in delusion. Still defending the church of Satan.
It's good that you're so reliable; 100% wrong in very nearly everything you say about Tesla.
Plenty of reservations left even in the USA, from those still waiting for the Standard Range Model 3. And of course those reservations in Europe and China are only now just starting to get converted to orders.
Reservations in right-hand-drive countries will have to wait even longer.
Hey Pushy! Read the Reuters article!
What, the one that was withdrawn?
Yeah, another "success" for the fake "TeslaInvestors".
So, yes, it's definitely just you. Still in delusion. Still defending the church of Satan.
It's okay, dude. Nobody expects a compulsive liar to admit he's wrong... especially when he's very nearly always wrong.
That's really weird, how sensitive Elon is to these facts pouring out. Must have called the editors right away, trying to choke the news.
It was abundantly clear that North American reservation is what was implied.
But it confirmed, that Tesla/Elon doesn't deny that North American res queue is plucked clean.
Good to know. That's where 80% of Model 3 market is. 50% of that is California.
Speaking of California, rain is coming pouring and the California Model 3 owners are realizing what a POS the car is without a working wiper stalk. Rain.. who would've thought about such things!
Here is a story right there on innovation gone awry.
Oh yes, dude. If I was talking to anyone close to a gentleman, the three crows I have ready to go would've been gone by now.
The video is taken down for a clarification. Article is still standing strong. Elon must be twisting and turning in agony, figuring out how to take that down too.
And.. The video is back too.
Don't know what you 2 are talking about. Did @bwilson4web just make up that fake picture of the video being taken down? LOL. The length you folks go to distract people from the truths.
"Michelle Hennessy" video reports Tesla polled the reservation list for customers who would buy the $42,900-$44,000 priced, midrange Model 3 or better. She reports the ones who could afford the equal or higher priced, medium and premium performance have bought their Model 3. Those remaining on the list are waiting for a lower priced (and performance) Model 3.
"Jane Lanhee Lee" video report still shows the "withdrawn" banner and there was not enough in the short description to understand the claim. At least one comment suggests they are waiting for a cheaper Model 3.
So near as I can tell there is a reservation list of customers who want a Model 3 for less than $42,900. As Tesla continues to improve their manufacturing efficiencies and reduce price (and performance,) there will come a day of 'buy or bye bye.' In the meanwhile, Europe and Asia have premium Model 3 customers waiting.
Both links have the video now. Try refreshing your browner window. Gee, you wish it wasn't true and Elon really did succeed in bullying her employer to take it down . Like he bought the scumbags at NHTSA.
There may be a few people who were waiting for a $35k Model 3 withh full $75-- tax credit. The short range can be really not suitable for many, if you consider the rain and cold weather use.
But don't forget the tens of thousands of scalpers who were lured by the hype. I have seen thousands of those "buy my res for $1000-$300" last year.
Those folks must be really disappointed, locking their money for 2 years for nothing. Let's hope they get their refunds before something worse happens to their $1000.
Try refreshing your browner window.
For grins, I tried both Google Chrome and Firefox and got the same results. Are you using "Internet Explorer?"
Another missive from Earth-2, where you live?
Here on Earth-1, editors for large news organizations don't retract articles just because the CEO of a popular company calls them up and complains.
And Great Flying Spaghetti Monster! ...you're showing desperation the past few days. Is there another short squeeze going on? Perhaps I should show some sympathy for all the money you're losing by betting on Tesla to fail. But given your carpet bombing of this thread will all your outright raw FUD... I think I'll pass.
Looks very much like you've completely lost sight of what it means to be a gentleman, just like you've lost sight of the value of truth and honesty.
BTW, just how long has it been since you said anything about Tesla or its cars which was actually true? It's been awhile.
thedrive.com reveals NHTSA in bed with Elon's billions. It always looked very suspicious how they just shoved the Autopilot crash under the rug right on the last day of Obama administration. Another shameful moment for the country that brags of lawfulness.
This raises a fundamental question that NHTSA must answer: why was it more concerned about competitive harm to Tesla than it was about transparency to the public whose taxes provide its budget, and whom it ostensibly serves? Without addressing that question, we will never know whether NHTSA was simply incompetent in this instance, or if it (or one or more of its staffers) actually colluded with Tesla to present misleading data about Autopilot safety.
It always looked very suspicious how they just shoved the Autopilot crash under the rug right on the last day of Obama administration.
Gosh, how terrible that Tesla cars are getting a well-deserved reputation for saving cars and saving lives from traffic accidents, as is now being shown in an increasing number of YouTube videos. Terrible for the anti-Tesla pravduh dispensers, anyway!
Sorry to see you have now stooped so low that you're promoting outright made-up conspiracy theories, Mr. Fake Tesla Investor.


text:
"Feel Good" is a song written by Tina Turner. It was released as a single by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner on United Artists Records in 1972.

Recording and release
"Feel Good" was written by Tina Turner and recorded at her recording studio, Bolic Sound, in March 1972. The record was produced by Ike Turner and Gerhard Augustin. It was released on United Artists Records as the first single from Ike & Tina Turner's album Feel Good. They promoted the single on Soul Train on April 22, 1972 and on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson the same year. The song later appeared on the compilation album The Ike & Tina Turner Story: 1960–1975 in 2007.

Critical reception
Record World (May 6, 1972): "You can hardly help but feel good after listening to the latest from Ike & Tina. Typically great release, written by Tina."

Cash Box (May 6, 1972): "Tina explodes on vocals, Ike does crazy things guitar-wise and everything's righteous. Lyrics are especially ear catchin' this time out for the duo."

Track listing

Chart performance

References

1972 songs
1972 singles
Ike & Tina Turner songs
United Artists Records singles
Songs written by Tina Turner
Funk rock songs
Song recordings produced by Ike Turner

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Circa is already one of our favorite news reader apps for the iPhone, breaking stories down to only the essential facts, quotes or photos. Version 2.0 is being released today on the App Store with a new, iOS 7-influenced design, push notification system and article format for handling breaking news. What's more, Circa is also launching its first Android app.
Circa is different from other news reader apps because it uses an in-house team of editors to create each atomized story. Every segment of the article is sourced from multiple news outlets, but it's the staff at Circa who piece them all together and manage each story within the app.
The Android app is near identical to its iOS counterpart, which is a welcome sight in this case. After all, why fix a service that isn't broken?
The home screen is a selection of Circa's best stories covering a ream of different topics such as technology, US politics, science and health. A large banner image at the top represents the top story of the day, while smaller stories sit underneath with a headline and small thumbnail image.
Tapping the icon in the top-left hand corner of the app pulls in the side-bar which lists all the available news sections. It would be nice to see a few more categories, but the selection isn't bad for a first outing.
The reading experience on Android differs to the existing (and now updated) iOS app though. Whereas on the iPhone, swiping vertically in any capacity would move an entire block or section of the story, the Android app lets you scroll back and forth at your own pace.
Personally, I prefer the execution in the iOS app. The tiny, vertical line of circles on the right-hand side are an effective way to judge the length of the story and your position within Circa's segmented article structure. In the Android app, its absence causes some problems with the citations tool located at the top of the app. If you have multiple story segments on screen – a common occurrence when reading Circa on an Android tablet or oversized smartphone – it can be difficult to discern which quote or fact the sources are referring to.
Aside from this little quirk, the Android app is a delightful way to read the news. The bite-sized articles are concise and comprehensive, delivering all of the facts in a format that is easy to read and absorb.
The changes to the iOS app are a little more incremental.
It's always had a pretty flat design, relying on a predominantly black and white color scheme to reinforce the photos attached to each story. That's still the case in the latest visual overhaul, although the teal highlights are far more prevalent this time around.
It's subtle and inoffensive, replicating the professional feel of a long-standing broadsheet newspaper. Some of the icons have been tweaked to fit in with the iOS 7 aesthetic, but it's not a dramatic departure by any means.
As before, you can hit the plus icon in the top right-hand corner of the screen to save an article to your 'Following' list. In both the iOS and Android apps, these are then added to a separate category accessible in the side-menu or the bookmark icon on the home screen, where you can track the story as it develops.
Articles will fade out and show a green tick to denote that you're up to date. When a new story segment is available, the transparency will be removed and the 'Updated' line will be changed accordingly. In the settings, you can also choose to receive a push notification whenever an update goes live.
Breaking news, which has been given a massive overhaul for version 2.0, operates in a similar fashion. Editors will decide when a developing story is worth your attention and send a push notification to your device. If you choose to track the story, Circa will then release additional push notifications whenever the piece is updated with a new segment.
Unlike other Circa articles though, breaking stories will always position the latest update at the top of the screen. Other segments are then positioned in order of importance – rather than chronological, or reverse chronological – to ensure that you always get the most useful information first.
Circa is focused on building a platform where they can update and evolve their stories, rather than sending users to entirely new articles within the app. It's a huge feature and the ability for readers to opt-in or opt-out of individual stories as they break should keep the entire system in check.
Circa is more than a unified inbox for all of your favorite news outlets. The company's editors are creating entirely new content from existing articles on the Web, before offering them to readers in a unique format built specifically for consumption on a smartphone or tablet.
Aside from the scrolling issues mentioned earlier, the Circa for Android app is a brilliant way to keep up with the news. The additional tools for handling breaking stories is also a welcome improvement, both in the iOS and Android incarnations. Regardless of what platform you're on, both of these apps are worth keeping on your home screen.


We're excited that you will be joining us July 11–14, 2016, for the Teachers College Cowin Financial Literacy Institute. The experience, a series of collaborative and interactive workshops on teaching personal finance, makes explicit connections to standards and curricula and will provide you with instructional tools and resources to support students in resolving financial dilemmas and making good choices about budgeting, saving, investing, consumption, and borrowing. At the end of the Institute you will have an opportunity to take the w!se Certification Test and, if you pass, to earn a certification in Personal Finance.
Thanks to the generous support of TC Trustee Joyce Cowin, we are able to offer this Institute at no charge. We hope you can join us for dinner that Ms. Cowin will host on Tuesday, July 12 at 6 pm (Location: TBD) with a reception at 5 pm in Jaffe Trustee Room.
Our program will begin at the Cowin Center at Teachers College, promptly at 9 am. The Cowin Center at Teachers College is located at 525 West 120th Street (between Broadway & Amsterdam). We hope that you will also join us for a continental breakfast at 8:30 am in Horace Mann 150, just down the hall from the Cowin Center.
We look forward to seeing you on Monday, July 11, 2016.