Do you think we should get an email when we receive a PM?
I think there should be notifications like there used to be. For pm's & also if someone answers you in a specific thread.
There should be, how can you figure out what someone is replying to?
LOL! It seems that no one is coming around. Not even the regular people that use to post in the Roch Show area. No posts to those shows threads. What an idiotic time to do this upgrade <-----hahahahaha upgrade. All the shows downunder have had hardly any visitors. THEY PROBABLY CAN'T FIND THE THREAD!!!!
I know some people aren't coming around as often, but even the Mods are not answering PMs. Please everybody check every time you log in!
I've always had notifications off, even when the site used to work, but I agree that those who want notifications should definitely get them. What's the point in having that feature if it never works?
The notifications on this new board say that they tell you if someone posts in a thread you posted in, and it doesn't tell you if you have a new PM! Insane!
SusyLuvsPaul and jl4761 (or is it jl4671? Lol!) I miss you! Please check your PMs and post. Thanks!
I don't see how to check my PMs. Help!
fan4! I thought we lost you!
Click on your little envelope up there in the top right hand corner.
Now if I could only get Susy and jl4761 to check theirs!
Ok. Found it! No PMs. Thanks. Started a new job 2 wks. ago and can't find the time/energy to figure out the new board yet.
Bumping this up as some people are not responding to PMs.
So jl4761, please check. There should be a number one over the little envelope at the top right.
What, still no email notification? I'm not sure I ever sent a proper PM, somehow they come to me when I send them!
On this new and "improved" 🙄 board, any PM you send, you automatically have it sent to you as well.


MIU – Movement for Israeli Urbanism (Merhav) is a registered non-profit organization which includes more than 500 members, including: urban planners, architects, landscape architects, members of academia, community workers, economists, entrepreneurs, business people, transportation planners, environmental activists, sociologists, lawyers, appraisers, public sector workers and citizens who wish to transform the cities in Israel.
Israel has limited land and natural resources. It is among the densest countries of the western world. Yet, Israel has a planning policy that prefers new development and suburban sprawl to the reinforcement of its cities. This policy creates neglect of city centers, wasting of resources and increases in economic and social polarization within society.
Are accessible for pedestrians and contain diverse uses.
Are based on a system of public transportation and encourage pedestrian and cycling movement.
Make efficient and ongoing use of land and structures.
Are planned with respect for the local community, cultures, climate and landscape.
The objective of MIU is to demonstrate that it is possible to lead the necessary changes in professional education and knowledge, policy making, planning, building processes and urban management.


text:
2015 RM Auctions Paris Classic Car Sale (Preview)
14 January 2015 by Henk Bekker in European, News, Paris, Preview
1939 Alfa Romeo 6C2500 Sport Berlinetta by Touring – Photo: Tom Wood ©2015 Courtesy of RM Auctions
RM Auction's 2015 Paris classic car sale will feature the 1939 Alfa Romeo 6C of Mussolini's mistress, a 1963 Ferrari 250 GT Lusso and a 1964 Porsche 904. As RM Auction's second Paris sale will be during the Rétromobile week in early February, it is appropriate that several of the cars on offer have a significant history. Of the ten cars having a pre-auction estimate exceeding a million dollar, for once, only two of these are Ferraris.
See also: 2015 RM Auctions Paris Classic Car Sale Results
Million Dollar Cars at RM Auctions' 2015 Paris Sale
The following ten cars on offer at the 2015 RM Auction's Paris sale have pre-auction estimates exceeding a million dollars (€850,000) each:
Year Car Estimate (€ million)
1939 Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 Sport Berlinetta by Touring "Mussolini's Mistress Car" 1.9 – 2.4
1963 Ferrari 250 GT/L Lusso 1.6 – 1.9
1964 Porsche 904 Carrera GTS 1.4 – 1.8
1963 Mercedes Benz 300 SL Roadster 1.3 – 1.9
1935 Delahaye 135 S 1.2 – 1.6
1977 Lamborghini Countach LP400 'Periscopio' 1.13 – 1.45
1969 Porsche 911 S Ex-Works 1.1 – 1.3
1965 Iso Grifo A3/C Stadale 1 – 1.5
1973 Porsche 911 Carrera RS 2.7 SL 1 – 1.4
1990 Ferrari F40 0.9 – 1.3
1939 Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 Sport Berlinetta by Touring
Tom Wood ©2015 Courtesy of RM Auctions
RM Auctions' 2015 Paris sale will be headlined by the 1939 Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 Sport Berlinetta with bodywork by Touring that Italian dictator Benito Mussolini destined for the exclusive use of his mistress Claretta Petacci. It was in this car that she was stopped by partisans on the shores of Lake Como while trying to flee Italy at the end of the Second World War.
Even without its historical importance, the Alfa Romeo 6C can be considered to be amongst the most desirable pre-war grand touring cars. This particular car has been fully restored and won 'Best in Class' at the Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este in 2007 and 'Best of Show' at the 2011 Salon Privé Concours d'Elegance amongst others. (Estimate: €1.900.000-€2.400.000).
Bonhams will also have three 1930s Alfa Romeos on offer in Paris with estimates exceeding a million dollar.
Porsches at the RM Auctions' 2015 Paris Sale
Several Porsches will be on offer at the 2015 Paris classic car sale of RM Auctions. Three are expected to achieve over a million dollar each.
Simon Clay ©2015 Courtesy of RM Auctions
A 1964 Porsche Type 904 with an extensive successful racing history is expected to achieve the highest result of any German car at the auction. However, two special 911s may attract even more interest: a 1969 Porsche 911 S Factory Rally that won the 1969 Acropolis Rally and a 1973 Porsche 911 Carrera RS 2.7 Sports Lightweight, one of only 500 built for homologation purposes.
Lamborghini Countach LP 400s at RM Auctions' 2015 Paris Sale
Stuart Kortekaas ©2015 Courtesy of RM Auctions
Three Lamborghini Countach LP 400s will be on offer at the 2015 Paris sale of RM Auctions. A rare 1977 right-hand drive Lamborghini Countach LP 400 'Periscopio' is estimated to achieve €1.2 to €1.5 million.
"There has been a real surge in demand for supercars of this era over the past year," says
According to Max Girardo, Managing Director, RM Auctions Europe, there is a real surge in demand for supercars from the 1970s and 1980s. Posters of these cars have adorned the bedroom walls of teenagers, who are now affluent enough to realize their dreams.
A 1980 LP400S (estimate €500-700,000) and a 1989 25th Anniverario will also be on offer. The Anniverario was supposed to have been produced in limited numbers but with 667 cars sold, was the most popular of the Countach series. This is reflected in the estimate of €250-300,000.
1935 Delahaye 135 S
The top French car on offer will be a 1935 Delahaye 135 S with a magnificent racing history. It competed at numerous events between 1935 but its greatest result was second place overall at the 1937 24 Heures du Mans.
The Delahaye has an estimate of €1.2 to €1.6 million.
Further Million-Dollar Cars at the RM Auctions 2015 Paris Sale
No major classic car auction will be complete without expensive Ferraris. A 1963 Ferrari 250 GT/L Lusso is expecting to achieve the second highest result at the Paris auction while a 1990 Ferrari F40 is also expected to sell for more than a million dollar.
The almost obligatory Mercedes Benz 300SL on offer here is a good one. It is a red 1963 roadster – a late model with top specification in an original and well-maintained condition. It is reflected in the estimate of €1.3 to €1.9 million.
RM Auctions' 2015 Paris auction will be held on February 4, 2015, at Place Vauban immediately after the Festival Automobile International, which features a display of concept cars during the annual Rétromobile week.
Bonhams' 2015 Les Grandes Marques du Monde au Grand Palais classic car sale in Paris will be a day later. However, the most watched auction in 2015 will be the Artcurial auction where the 1961 Ferrari 250 GT SWB California Spider from the Baillon Collection is expected to set an auction record for Paris.
Filed Under: European, News, Paris, Preview Tagged With: 2015, Paris, RM Auctions
PARIS CLASSIC CAR AUCTIONS
A rare 1938 Peugeot 402 DES Darl'mat Special Sport was announced for sale in the Bonhams Les Grandes Marques du Monde à Paris 2021 classic car … [Read More...]
2021 RM Sotheby's Paris Sale (Blower Bentley Announced)
A 1931 Bentley 4½-Litre Supercharged Tourer is offered at the RM Sotheby's Paris 2021 sale. It is, one of the original 50 4½-litre Blowers … [Read More...]
2021 Artcurial Parisienne Sale (Top Cars Announcement)
Artcurial announced a Porsche 550, Group B cars, and a collection of Aston Martins and Bristols to join the Le-Mans-Winning Matra at the Parisienne 2021 … [Read More...]
2021 RM Sotheby's Paris Sale (Isdera Commendatore Announced)
RM Sotheby's announced a unique 1993 Isdera Commendatore 112i and special Lamborghinis for the Paris 2021 classic car auction. A unique 1993 Isdera … [Read More...]
2021 Artcurial Paris Rétromobile Sale (Le Mans-Winning Matra Announced)
The 1972 Le Mans-winning Matra MS670 driven by Graham Hill and Henri Pescarolo was announced for the Artcurial Paris Rétromobile 2021 classic car auction. … [Read More...]
2020 Artcurial Paris Rétromobile Sale (Auction Results)
A well-raced 1965 Ferrari 275 GTB/C6 sold for $2,753,080 as the top result at the Artcurial Paris Rétromobile 2020 classic car auction. The top … [Read More...]
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Join the 2018 Conference Waitlist now!
Please email julia@crescentparkpreschool.org for more information on space/availability. Waitlist participants will be accepted on a first-come, first-served basis, should a space open up.


text:
Death of first pig-to-human heart transplant recipient remains a mystery
By Rich Haridy
A new report reveals a transplanted pig heart did not show normal signs of organ rejection and researchers are still unclear as to why the procedure ultimately failed
University of Maryland School of Medicine
A new article published in The New England Journal of Medicine has offered insights into the world's first pig-to-human heart transplant, which took place earlier this year. The researchers report the patient died unexpectedly nearly two months after the procedure and the exact cause of death is still unclear.
At the beginning of 2022 surgeons in the United States performed a historic procedure, transplanting a genetically modified pig heart into a human for the very first time. The highly experimental procedure was authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under a compassionate use provision. The patient, a man in his 50s with a terminal heart condition, was too unwell to qualify for a conventional heart transplant.
The procedure was initially successful, and within days of the transplant the patient was disconnected from a heart-lung bypass machine that was previously keeping him alive. He began physical rehabilitation and for several weeks displayed impressive signs of recovery.
"We were incredibly encouraged by his progress," explained Bartley Griffith, the surgeon leading the landmark project. "His heart was strong, almost too strong for his frail body, but he had a strong will to live. He told me he wanted to go home and see his dog, Lucky."
For around seven weeks the transplant functioned well, and the patient displayed no conventional signs of organ rejection. Sadly, around day 49 the transplanted heart began to display signs of failure and within a fortnight the patient had died.
In a newly published report the researchers behind this world-first procedure describe the conditions that led to the patient's passing. Officially, the cause of death was heart failure, however, the organ didn't fail because it was rejected. Upon autopsying the heart, the researchers discovered the transplanted pig heart developed a dramatic thickening of the ventricular walls.
"Our findings on autopsy did not show evidence of rejection," said Griffith. "Instead, we saw a thickening and later stiffening of the heart muscle leading to diastolic heart failure, which means the heart muscle was not able to relax and fill the heart with blood as it is supposed to."
The report notes this tissue behavior is not consistent with what is normally seen when an organ is rejected. At this point it is unclear exactly what mechanism caused this particular organ damage.
Several months ago it was revealed that the transplanted pig heart was found to contain traces of a virus known as porcine cytomegalovirus. It had been hypothesized that this virus could have played a role in the organ failing by stimulating an immune response that subsequently led to heart tissue damage.
However, the new report questions this hypothesis, finding no trace of the virus having spread beyond the pig heart into other organs. It still may be possible the latent virus in the pig heart contributed to the tissue damage but the researchers suggest this hypothesis requires further investigation.
The presence of this porcine virus in the transplanted heart tissue is still a major concern for the researchers as significant testing was undertaken before the organ was used. The donor pig itself was also raised in a secure facility designed to prevent infection from porcine cytomegalovirus.
Muhammad Mohiuddin, co-lead on the research, said the safeguards will be improved in the future to prevent this virus from infecting pigs grown for human transplantation.
"We consider this to be an important learning experience," Mohiuddin said. "Knowing what we know now, we will alter some of our practices and techniques in the future."
Ultimately, this historic procedure is just the first step in a long journey toward successful xenotransplantation. E. Albert Reece, dean of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, singles out the courage of the patient, David Bennett, as fundamental to progressing this field in the hopes of saving more lives in the future.
"This publication will provide vital information for the xenotransplant research community and will play a pivotal role in pushing this field forward," said Reece. "I am so proud of the historic medical achievements made by these leaders in their field and hope these first brave steps, including the courage of Mr. Bennett, will lead to a long-term solution where no patient will die waiting for an organ transplant."
The report was published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Source: University of Maryland School of Medicine
MedicalHeartTransplantAnimalsUniversity of Maryland
Rich Haridy
Rich has written for a number of online and print publications over the last decade while also acting as film critic for several radio broadcasters and podcasts. His interests focus on psychedelic science, new media, and science oddities. Rich completed his Masters degree in the Arts back in 2013 before joining New Atlas in 2016.
Jinpa June 23, 2022 09:07 AM
How big was the pig? Maybe its heart wasn't big enough to carry the load of the human system with capacity to spare?
styly1 July 17, 2022 07:03 PM
This was no pig. it was a Chimera Pig/human. Where are the ethics in this Frankenstein esk "science"? Doctors who participate in these and other gene edited baby type experiments all need to be locked away in a padded cell somewhere they can do no more harm.


text:
Q: RichTextBox DragDrop behaving weirdly Ok, so I have a richtextbox and would like to be able to drag drop in it. Inside the drag drop event I would like to perform code that changes the richtextbox text, which in turn activates the text changed event. However, I only want some of the code inside the text changed event to activate so I have a variable block that when true, that code inside of the text changed event will not activate. Here it is:
public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            richTextBox1.AllowDrop = true;
            richTextBox1.DragDrop += new DragEventHandler(rtbDragDrop);
            richTextBox1.DragEnter += new DragEventHandler(rtbDragEnter);
        }
        private bool block;
        private void richTextBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (block) return;
            MessageBox.Show("Text Changed Called");
        }
        private void rtbDragDrop(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
        {
            block = true;
            richTextBox1.AppendText("hello");
            block = false;
        }
        private void rtbDragEnter(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop))
                e.Effect = DragDropEffects.Copy;
        }

        private void Form1_DragDrop(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
        {
            block = true;
            richTextBox1.AppendText("hello");
            block = false;
        }

        private void Form1_DragEnter(object sender, DragEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Data.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.FileDrop))
                e.Effect = DragDropEffects.Copy;
        }

However, the text changed code is still called. This is because block is set to false before the text changed event could fire for some reason.
However, the part that confuses me the MOST is that the FORM drag drop works just fine (Added with designer). Only the richtextbox drag drop causes this problem. Why?

A: @Jimi has found the fix. It's to use BeginInvoke to reset block.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Alarm Manager isn't repeating after reboot I have problem with Alarm Manager. I create alarm manager which repeat displaying toast every 15 seconds.
After rebooting my device, toast is visible, but only once. I want to repeat it again every 15 seconds even after reboot.
What can I add to solve this? Is this possible?
Here is my code (class AlarmReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver):
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
    PowerManager.WakeLock wl = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "YOUR TAG");
    //Acquire the lock
    wl.acquire();

    Toast.makeText(context, "wow", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

    //Release the lock
    wl.release();

}

 public void SetAlarm(Context context)
{
    AlarmManager am=(AlarmManager)context.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
    Intent intent = new Intent(context, AlarmReceiver.class);
    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, 0);
    am.setInexactRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, System.currentTimeMillis(), 15000, pi);
}

And my AndroidManifest.xml
<receiver android:name=".view.activity.AlarmReceiver" android:enabled="true" android:exported="false" android:permission="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

EDIT: The solve of this problem is edit code in onReceiver():
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    if(intent.getAction()==null){
        Toast.makeText(context, "lol", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

    } else
    {
        AlarmManager am=(AlarmManager)context.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(context, AlarmReceiver.class);
        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent1, 0);
        am.setInexactRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, System.currentTimeMillis(), 15000, pi);
    }

}

A: It seems like you simply need to call your SetAlarm function in the onReceive Method, and listen for the sent event in your manifest.
In your manifest
<intent-filter>
   <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
   <action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
   //New
   <action android:name="com.packagename.custombroadcast" />
</intent-filter>

As your intent
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("com.packagename.custombroadcast");
//Use Context.sendBroadcast
sendBroadcast(intent);


text:
General Register Office records for Castledermot
In the Republic, most historic GRO records are online at IrishGenealogy. A minority remains available by post or through the Dublin Search Room. See the Browse section for more detail.
Registrar's district
Athy Castledermot 1864 to 1916 1845 to 1941 1864 to 1966 IrishGenealogy.ie Online Index with linked record images. Images for marriages and deaths from 1864 and 1878 respectively.
Athy Castledermot 1864 to 1958 1845 to 1958 1864 to 1958 FamilySearch Online Index only. Non-Catholic marriages only 1845-1863. Copies also on Ancestry.com and FindMyPast.ie.
Athy Castledermot 1864 to 1881 FamilySearch Online Partial transcript only
Baltinglass Rathvilly 1864 to 1916 1845 to 1941 1864 to 1966 IrishGenealogy.ie Online Index with linked record images. Images for marriages and deaths from 1864 and 1878 respectively.
Baltinglass Rathvilly 1864 to 1958 1845 to 1958 1864 to 1958 FamilySearch Online Index only. Non-Catholic marriages only 1845-1863. Copies also on Ancestry.com and FindMyPast.ie.
Baltinglass Rathvilly 1864 to 1881 FamilySearch Online Partial transcript only
Carlow Castledermot 1864 to 1916 1845 to 1941 1864 to 1966 IrishGenealogy.ie Online Index with linked record images. Images for marriages and deaths from 1864 and 1878 respectively.
Carlow Castledermot 1864 to 1958 1845 to 1958 1864 to 1958 FamilySearch Online Index only. Non-Catholic marriages only 1845-1863. Copies also on Ancestry.com and FindMyPast.ie.
Carlow Castledermot 1864 to 1881 FamilySearch Online Partial transcript only


Toronto, ON, Canada – June 12th, 2012 – With over 900 million users worldwide, Facebook is an effective channel to reach and engage consumers online with a compelling and motivating story about your hotel. Facebook recently upgraded all Business Pages to the new Timeline format, providing you with updated tools to customize your page, highlight what matters most, and manage everything all in one place.
During this 45 minute webinar – Time to Learn: How You Can Use Facebook Timeline to Tell Your Hotel's Story – on Wednesday, June 20th at 12pm Eastern Time – attendees will hear from, Zabrina Hossain, Product Manager, Emerging Technologies for VFM Leonardo who will share her insights and latest research on Facebook Timeline and how this information drove the development of VFM Leonardo's Facebook Apps Suite. Then, Melissa Bruckler, E-commerce Consultant at Granite Hospitality will share her experience and expertise on using Facebook Timeline to tell hotel stories that reach and engage consumers.
Don't miss the opportunity to have your hotel marketing and Facebook Timeline questions answered by the speakers during the Q&A session.
Zabrina Hossain joined VFM Leonardo as Product Manager, Emerging Technologies in 2011 and leads product development and innovation projects to align with consumer demands particularly in social media and mobile. Prior to that, Zabrina held the position of Platform Manager for Mobile at Rogers Digital Media. During her time with Rogers, she led the launch of a number of mobile video applications for multiple platforms. She has also worked with a number of startups in the technology field including Bon'App where she led software development and platform design. Zabrina holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Toronto and is pursuing a Masters.
Melissa Bruckler is the E-Commerce Consultant for Granite Hospitality – a full-service strategic hotel investment and management company that currently manages the daily operations of 5 hotels in 3 states. Their portfolio includes IHG and Carlson Worldwide properties. Melissa has worked there for 6 years since its inception in 2006 and has over 20 years of hospitality experience in positions ranging from hotel operations, revenue management, opening task force, systems installations/training as well as various management positions.


Best Concrete For Countertops Quartzite Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Custom Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Countertop Paint Kit. Best Concrete For Countertops Cheap Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Wooden Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Recycled Glass Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Silestone Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Black Granite Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Lowes Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Countertop Materials. Best Concrete For Countertops Granite Kitchen Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Recycled Glass Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Lowes Granite Countertops. Best Concrete For Countertops Countertop Pizza Oven. Best Concrete For Countertops Concrete Countertop. Best Concrete For Countertops How To Make Concrete Countertops.


John McGuinness celebrates his first TT Zero win back in 2014. Picture: Stephen Davison.
John McGuinness will look to regain his TT Zero crown on the Isle of Man this year after signing up for a sixth year with Team Mugen.
The Morecambe Missile, a 23-time winner at the iconic festival of racing, was victorious in the race for electric bikes in both 2014 and 2015.
McGuinness missed out a hat-trick last year though as a mechanical problem saw his Mugen machine shut down mid-race, eventually coming home fourth.
He has been an integral part of the Mugen Shinden project since the start of the programme in 2012, also twice finishing second in the race.
"It's something in years to come that I'll look back on with pride," McGuinness has said of the progress being made.
The 44-year-old will be joined by the returning Guy Martin, also his Honda Racing team mate in the Superbike and Senior races.
The pair are set to fly out to Tokyo in April to take a look at their new bikes with the team hoping to break the 120mph barrier for the first time this year.
This year's Isle of Man TT festival kicks off on May 27 with the TT Zero race set for Wednesday, June 7.


Ben Smith is an artist based in Sydney, Australia. He was educated at The Julian Ashton Art School.
In 2010 he won the Waverley Art Prize, the Mosman Emerging Artist Art Award and the Odd Nerdrum Self Portrait Competition. He has been a finalist in numerous established art prizes across Australia, including the Doug Moran Portrait Prize (2009,2010) and the Sulman Prize (2010,2011). He has had three successful solo shows with Dickerson Gallery, Sydney, and has also exhibited in Seoul, Los Angeles and New York.
Who know's which way to go on our journey of life...very surreal.
i want this artist to paint my portrait on this horse!!
Love it...Impressionism w/touch of Magritte!
Love the expressions and color.


we were really happy with the location and the ability to run the trips so independently and everyone was the most impressed with your climbing guides. Our compliments to you and your colleagues. They were fantastic.


text:
The Future is in Israeli Hands
http://blogs.jpost.com/content/future-israeli-hands
The rituals that accompany the Jewish festival of Sukkot (Tabernacles) almost require us to have an extra pair of hands. Holding 4 species of plants together, assembling a booth, carrying food up and down stairs etc. So it is appropriate that many of the recent positive news items from the Jewish State can be connected to our hands.
We begin in Haifa, where medical experts at the University of Haifa and Rambam Medical Center have developed a non-invasive handwriting analysis technique to detect the onset of Parkinson's disease. Changes in handwriting occur years before a clinical diagnosis can be made, providing early treatment options. In a similar vein, a finger is all that diabetics need in order to receive an accurate, painless reading of their blood-sugar levels using the TensorTip Combo Glucometer from Israel's Cnoga.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxXnjY7jy9g
One day, stem cell technology will be able to regenerate damaged limbs and organs. Thanks to the handiwork of Israeli scientists at the Weizmann Institute, that day is now much closer. They discovered that removing the protein MBD3 from adult cells re-programs them into stem cells in just 8 days instead of the current 4 weeks. Israel's depth of expertise in this technology can be seen in the speaker list for Jerusalem's 5th International Stem Cell conference in October. It includes 22 Israeli professors and six specialist Israeli doctors.
The technology development arm of Cancer Research UK has received a hand from Israel's Teva Pharmaceuticals with the signing of a multi-project alliance agreement to research and develop first-in-class cancer drugs. Whilst this was happening, the US Food and Drug Administration handed out approval for two of Teva's cancer medications - for the treatment of secondary cancers and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Parkinson's disease often cannot control their hands. The Deep Brain TMS treatment from Israel's Brainsway is having much success in this area. Trials at Sheba Medical Center have shown a 27 percent improvement in OCD patients that had previously failed to respond to both pharmacological and psychological therapy. Meanwhile, more wounded Syrians have been waking up in Israeli hospitals to find themselves in safe hands.
Israeli technology is transforming farmers in the developing world from their previous "hand to mouth" existence. Israeli brothers Gilad and Yonatan Shilo founded Israel for Africa (IFA) to promote better sustainable agriculture in Kenya. And in Brazil, Israel's Evogene has successfully completed three years of field trials to transform castor beans into bio-fuel. The crop is sown after the soybean harvest, when rainfall is insufficient for other crops, providing farmers with "handy" extra revenue. However, farmers everywhere would like to get their hands on Tal-Ya trays, now that the Israeli innovation has gone into production. The agricultural trays achieve a dramatic increase in crop yield and prevent weed-growth, whilst saving farmers over 50 percent in water and 30 percent in fertilizer resources.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v58Pcg-LTmU
Research institutions and science museums across the country handed the Israeli public hundreds of opportunities to participate in this year's "Night of the Scientists". Space exploration was the theme, as 2013 is the tenth anniversary of the flight of the first Israeli astronaut - Ilan Ramon. The event was entitled "Israelis touch the stars" and included "hands-on" activities for all the family.
The marketing message for the new plug-in from Israeli start-up Curiyo is that it "puts the data you want at your fingertips". Curiyo will display a subtle link to instantly available details about interesting subjects in any web page you visit. And Israel's "invisible touchscreen" maker SnapKeys has updated its SI Revolution keyboard app to fit your fingers. Say goodbye to the QWERTY keyboard. One-finger typing just got even easier.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqo6cuthFIk
We should use our hands to applaud two exceptional individuals. In Acre, Uri Jeremias's single-handed determination has been responsible for the reconstruction of two abandoned Ottoman palaces and their transformation into a handsome boutique hotel. On the other hand, Maestro conductor Zubin Mehta is used to waving his hands around more than most of us. But he put his fingertips together Indian style in gratitude for being bestowed with an honorary Technion doctorate. Professor Lavie, President of Israel's world-class innovation university, described Dr Mehta as an exceptional man who has made a unique contribution to the betterment of Israel and the entire world with the magic of music.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q-mTBJuWO6Q&feature=youtu.be
Returning to the festive season, and although they missed out on a world record, many hands made light work of Haifa youth's Sukkot project to make Israel's longest paper chain. Decorated paper chains are a popular feature of the booths built for the festival of Tabernacles / Sukkot.
Finally, prominent Israelis shook hands with some of the thousands of Christian supporters of Israel from over 100 countries who made sure they were on hand in Jerusalem this week to celebrate the most inclusive of Jewish festivals. It is a handy reminder that the last time Israel's capital city saw more representations from nations of the world was in King Solomon's time.
More people need to know what is truly happening in the Jewish State.
Please give a helping hand!
Labels: bio-fuel, blood sugar, Brainsway, Brazil, cancer, castor beans, diabetes, good news, Israel, Jewish State, Kenya, OCD, Parkinson's, stem cells, Sukkot, Syria, Tabernacles, Technion, Teva, Zubin Mehta
http://blogs.jpost.com/content/hidden-treasure
In summer excavations Hebrew University of Jerusalem archaeologists discovered a treasure trove barely 50 meters from the base of Temple Mount. The items included a 7th century gold medallion depicting a menorah (Temple candelabrum), a shofar (ram's horn) and a Torah scroll - a valuable reminder of Jewish historical links to the holy site. To accompany this, I have brought to the surface some more of Israel's recent "nuggets" of positive news and ask you to help ensure they receive appropriate international exposure.
Almost every week Israeli scientists and biotechs reveal more of cancer's secrets. Last week there were four relevant news items:
- Discovery of a protein that triggers cell death, which is missing in cancerous tissue.
- Successful transplant of Gamida's NiCord stem cells into a leukemia sufferer.
- BioLineRX's treatment of acute myeloid leukemia was given US FDA orphan drug status.
- KAHR Medical plans to trial its anti-lymphoma treatment
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pV6ibvvg5Xo
In the invisible field of molecular biology, researchers at Israel's Technion have developed the antioxidant 1-FE that will be invaluable in the fight against heart disease. Meanwhile, deep under the surface of the skin, two companies are healing damaged joints and bones. Active Implants, whose R&D center is in Israel, is raising funds for the trials of its polymer knee implant for osteo-arthritis patients either too old or too young for a total knee replacement. And Israel's Regenecure has revealed that, following the success of its BoneCure membrane in healing broken bones in animals, it is now working on a similar product for humans.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9ZuSDQQEns
Israeli Public Service Venture Fund, Tmura, is a real treasure. It has just distributed one million shekels to each of five youth charities, following its sale of share options in Waze. Israeli start-ups donate options to Tmura when they seek funding, which become valuable if the start-up goes public or gets taken over.
Israel's Ziv and Western Galilee hospitals have no spare funds, but they are like gold mines to hundreds of victims of the Syrian civil war. Last week, Ziv treated 12 and 15-year-old brothers who had been wounded by a land mine. And the 15-year-old Syrian girl, whose remaining leg Ziv doctors saved, was all smiles when she was discharged. I'm pleased that some of these reports are being publicized.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QqKSexSOD4w
While on this subject, here is a recent fact sheet about Israel's humanitarian work for Palestinian Arabs that most news agencies try to hide. And those who have read "Pallywood" propaganda that Israel is depriving the Palestinian Authority of water need to visit this site, which exposes all the hidden PA swimming pools.
Israel's Netafim knows how much of a treasure water is. Netafim just collected the prestigious Stockholm Industry Water Award for its drip irrigation technology, which is vital for farmers in developing countries. Drip irrigation was discovered when a hidden leaky water pipe was found to be responsible for a flourishing tree.
Until recently, the Jewish State's oil and gas reserves were very well hidden, which is why so many Israeli start-ups developed clean energy alternatives. One of these is Israel's Ormat Industries, which extracts geothermal energy from deep underground. Ormat will supply California with another 12 years of electricity from its 46MW geothermal power plant at the Heber complex in Imperial Valley. Here in Israel, the Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) plant under construction at the Hiriya Recycling Park will transform 1500 tons of garbage into usable fuel every day.
So at this time of year, when Jews go from their houses and move into the outside world, with only the partly-exposed roofs of the sukkah (tabernacle / booth) to protect them, it's appropriate to take the lid off this hidden treasure we call Israel. You could start by promoting Marcella Rosen's e-book "Tiny Dynamo" about Israeli start-ups that are quietly changing the world. Inc.com says it's "a must-read for anyone passionate about entrepreneurship and technology. Acre-for-acre, person-for-person, no place is innovating more than Israel." Or persuade your friends to watch CBN's excellent series "Made in Israel" by Gordon Robertson about Israel's remarkable innovation and ingenuity to produce breakthroughs in products and processes that affect the way we live our every day lives.
Finally, one of the most unlikely individuals came out of hiding recently. Csanad Szegedi used to be vice-president of Hungary's far-right, anti-Semitic Jobbik party until his grandmother exposed the fact that he was Jewish. Csanad abandoned Jobbik and embraced the treasure that is Judaism. The change to his life culminated this year when he made his first visit to the Jewish State.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmlwQjj8j5w
Come back for more gems next week.
Labels: cancer, cholesterol, drip irrigation, geothermal, good news, Hungary, Israel, Jerusalem, Jewish State, Jobbik, knee, leukemia, osteoarthritis, Palestinians, recycling, stem cells, Syria, Tmura, Waze
The Right Connections
http://blogs.jpost.com/content/right-connections
According to Avishai Abrahami, founder of website builder Wix, Israeli start-ups have a surprising secret weapon - helpful connections with established companies, even competitors! Israeli entrepreneurs regularly help newcomers, because these entrepreneurs originally received help themselves. Nothing exists in isolation in the Jewish State and the theme of "connections" links all of the following recent news articles.
Israel has built links with top hospitals and medical institutions around the world. Experts from Boston Medical Center trained Israeli surgeons at Rambam Medical Center in Haifa to use surgical robots to perform advanced pediatric surgery. For the first time, they used Rambam's da Vinci robot to correct congenital defects on Israeli children.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y-6vi3PgbfI
Israel's Dr. Nizam Razack also connected with US surgeons and robots when he performed the world's first robotic brain surgery. At Celebration Health Hospital in Orlando, Florida. Dr Razack used the Renaissance robotic guidance system from Israel's Mazor Robotics to perform successful deep brain stimulation (DBS) on a Parkinson's sufferer. In another US medical collaboration, researchers at Tel Aviv University and Chicago's Northwestern University worked together to discover that a mutation in skin cell molecules disrupts the immune response and triggers allergic reactions.
Dr. Ayelet Erez used her connections from studying and working at the Technion, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Baylor College Texas and the Weizmann Institute to uncover the link between the enzyme ASL and Nitrous Oxide, which is essential for regulating blood pressure. Meanwhile, Ariel Munitz of Tel Aviv University has discovered a link between cancer and white blood cells called macrophages. A particular stimulus will make them heal cancer and fibrosis. But a different stimulus actually makes the condition worse. But potentially Israel's most important medical connections are contained in Israel's "National Network of Excellence" (NNE) in Neuroscience. Established by Israel's Teva, NNE has just granted funds to 46 scientists at seven Israeli universities and teaching hospitals to boost therapeutic developments for Alzheimer's, MS, dementia and other brain diseases.
Israelis are also very good at breaking unhelpful connections. Why, for instance, do aerosols need to contain dangerous compressed gases and be stored in expensive, metallic, cylindrical containers? Israeli startup GreenSpense has developed an eco-friendly system for dispensing liquid products. A thin elastic sleeve inside the product generates high pressure, which is released at a touch of a button. Another connectivity problem is solved by Israeli start-up Pressy. Sometimes you have to perform many laborious connected functions on your smartphone before you can take a photo, or order a pizza etc. Pressy provides "one button to rule them all", which you attach to the headphone socket of your android device.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kr5jPnnSlqY
Some important international connections were enhanced recently:
- Chinese investment in Israeli biotech NasVax will boost development of treatments for fatty liver disease and Alzheimer's.
- Israel Chemicals announced it is to mine phosphates in Vietnam.
- Israel's Ormat Industries completed a 100mW geothermal power plant in New Zealand.
- The World Bank is investing in Israel's Kaiima, developing resilient and high yield grain.
- The world's largest Muslim country, Indonesia, is to use Israeli technology to build roads.
Staying with the international connection, but on a lighter note, hundreds of Hungarians at the Israeli festival in Budapest satisfied their hunger on the largest bowl of Hummus that Hungary has ever seen. And international sporting links included the signing by Scottish soccer champions Celtic of Israeli midfielder Nir Biton from FC Ashdod. The 21-year-old will now connect up with fellow countryman, Beram Kayal who already plays for Celtic.
It is inspiring that there is an Israeli connection at the top of so many International companies. According to Bloomberg Rankings, graduates of Israel's Technion Institute make up the seventh highest number of chief executives of the top technical companies in the USA.
To conclude, here are two news items that connect the modern Jewish State with its historical origins. Firstly, it may have been the phenomenal number of recent ancient Biblical discoveries that persuaded Bar Ilan University archaeologists to purchase a $70,000 handheld X-Ray Florescent Spectrometer to go with the Fourier spectrometer already being used. The two devices now provide Bar-Ilan with the best molecular analysis capabilities in the world. And finally, can you imagine Miriam Siebenberg's surprise when she uncovered connections going back 2,000 years in the form of an ancient Jewish residence underneath her Jerusalem home. As Miriam says of the Siebenberg House Museum, "Both my roots and the roots of our people are right underneath this house." It's living history.
Stay connected for the next inspiring installment.
Labels: aerosols, archaeology, brain, Budapest, cancer, China, geothermal, good news, immune system, Indonesia, Israel, Jerusalem, Jewish State, neuroscience, Parkinson's, robot, surgery, Technion, Vietnam, Wix
http://blogs.jpost.com/content/time-change
Part of the preparations for the Jewish New Year involves an individual's commitment to changing bad characteristics into good ones. As I reflect on my personal improvement plan, I am pleased to report that on a national and global level, Israelis are definitely changing the world to the good with their innovations.
In the medical arena, many people find it impossible to change their diet to resolve physical obesity. So students from the Bio-design program of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have enforced a change to the metabolism with a gastric sleeve that blocks food absorption. Doctors insert the sleeve down the throat and via the stomach to the duodenum, without surgery or anesthetic. Israel's NI Medical will certainly change the lives of cardiac patients. Following an agreement with Mobile Medical Services, NI Medical's Non-invasive Cardiac System (NICas) monitors will be installed in nursing homes across the United States. The monitors will dramatically reduce the number of unnecessary transfers to hospital.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=UQ_u-N1bJ9k
Israeli biotech D-Pharm discovered that the parasite transmitted diseases malaria and sleeping sickness cause changes in the metal ions within brain cells. D-Pharm has just announced that its revolutionary treatments are able to regulate the disrupted ions and provide a totally new therapeutic solution to these devastating diseases. But the world will probably be more interested in the cosmetic changes that Israel's EndyMed can make to the faces of aging women. The US Food and Drug Administration has given its approval to EndyMed's 3Deep treatment that applies radio frequency energy to the skin in order to remove wrinkles.
Change the radio frequency to the visible spectrum and you will find Israeli startup Gauzy, whose liquid crystal technology allows "smart" glass to change from transparent to opaque with just a touch. Too hot? Then touch the glass to block out the sunlight. It will change the construction market out of all recognition.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrQlW1oRUns
The recent launch of Israeli start-up Lingua.ly will change how we learn languages. Lingua.ly's personal educational service starts with a quiz and then it indexes the Internet, feeding you with appropriately selected texts based on your vocabulary. But this is nothing compared to the changes we will see arising from the Brain Computer Interface developments that Israel is at the forefront of. Tel Aviv's Brainihack competition brings together neuroscientists, artists, designers, robotics experts etc. to see who can build the best viable product in one weekend.
As the Jewish Year 5773 comes to an end and the rest of the Middle East implodes, there has been a marked change in how Israel is viewed amongst the nations. Not surprising, given Israel's:
- Regular discoveries of natural gas off its coast. (Even Egypt wants to buy some)
- Advanced telecommunications. (Enhanced by its launch of the Amos 4 satellite).
- Expertise in water technology. (IDE just sold another desalination system to Asia)
- Agro technology (Kinneret College has developed a plant that survives extended droughts)
Even Israel's wine industry has become one of the most respected of the New World. Israel's Golan Heights Winery picked up another award, on the eve of its 30th anniversary. And you need to see the changes Israel is making to the Negev desert when planted with vineyards. What better location to get a really dry wine. Or possibly even a "dessert" wine?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOsp4-_3sEY
Israel is certainly changing perceptions amongst ordinary Arabs. The families of Syrian patients brought to Israeli hospitals for treatment suddenly realize that everything they have been told by their leaders and media about the Jewish State has been a lie. Meanwhile, five Arab schools in East Jerusalem have decided to change from the PA curriculum to the Israeli curriculum.
For a change, an Israeli won a gold medal at the Judo World Championships when Yarden Gerbi, from Netanya, won the women's under-63 kg class. But Israel's soccer team did more in defeat to change sporting attitudes towards Israel. In the blistering cold and rain of the Ukraine, as the national anthems were played, the Israelis removed their training jackets and shielded a group of children lined up in front of them on the field.
To conclude, here are some thoughts for those not already living in the Jewish State. How about making plans to change your place of residence in 5774? For those not already married, there is even a new Nefesh b'Nefesh on-line dating site for Aliya-minded individuals to "share their love of Israel". For the health conscious, Bloomberg has just confirmed that Israel has the fourth best healthcare system in the world, only surpassed by Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan. The UK came 14th and the USA 46th.
Finally, for those who cannot make the move, please continue to support the Jewish State whenever you can. If you wish to make a change in 5774, then this article by P. David Hornick may initiate it. He asks "Why is Israel so bad at public relations?" His conclusion is, that no matter how much effort and money Israel spends on defending itself, those that hate us will always hate us. Far better then to publicize all the good things that Israel does, to those willing to listen.
Or, as I would put it ….
"Change the conversation."
Labels: anti-wrinkle, Arabs, brain, cardiac monitor, desalination, desert, drought, Golan, good news, Israel, Jewish State, judo, malaria, natural gas, obesity, Palestinians, satellite, smart glass, Syrians, wine
Celebrate the Old and the New
http://blogs.jpost.com/content/celebrate-old-and-new
We will shortly bid farewell to the old Jewish Year 5773 and welcome in New Year 5774. It is a good time to look both forwards and backwards at some of the latest innovations and discoveries that are making an historic impact on our lives.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem was established many years ago, but its new BioDesign program is a revolutionary production line for medical innovation. Student teams take clinical problems from Israeli and American hospitals, evaluate the commercial potential and design a solution that can be marketed almost immediately. In its first year, BioDesign has generated:
- The GuideIN Tube robotic device to fix an air tube safely for enabling patients to breathe
- The Sagiv device for inserting intravenous tubes into small veins
- A tool to take measurements for dentures, replacing a 100-year-old long-winded method
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zeVMleN-3E&feature=youtu.be
In the "olden" days, torn knee ligaments and damaged cartilage were "end-of-story" events for sports men and women. Now, following recent European approval and promising trials, two Israeli devices - Tavor's Knee-T-Nol tendon implant and CartiHeal's Agili-C regeneration implant – are literally rebuilding the lives of injured athletes.
Israel's Technion Institute is over 100 years old but its graduates are positively flowing with inventions. One of the latest is the surgical glue Seal-V that will stop the unwanted flow of blood following operations. Seal-V is fast bonding, safer than protein-based or synthetic-based alternatives and has just received the European CE mark of approval. Technion students certainly got "stuck in" inventing a new way to perform the traditional Jewish New Year activity of dipping apple in honey. Using an ancient weapon – a crossbow – suitably updated, they shot a piece of apple at a balloon filled with honey, high above Israel Technion's campus. Why? To show that the Technion aims higher!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ym7Airptw4
Chess is another old traditional activity that Israelis have enhanced using modern technology. Deep Junior, a program written by Israelis Amir Ban and Shay Bushinsky, and running on a Dual 12 core Intel Xenon I5 2.7 GHz computer, won the World Computer Chess Championship in Yokohama, Japan. Junior has now won six of the last eleven tournaments. The world's ancient coral reefs are also benefiting from Israeli technology. The Technion's Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) laboratory measures the ocean flow to analyze the health of the ecosystem that lives on these fragile colonies. And ancient man may have invented fire, but when the flames get out of control, Israeli technology is needed to put them out. Following the Carmel forest fires last year, Israel's Ministry of Public Security used theoretical models and live feeds to develop the Matash Fire Forecasting System - the first operational system of its kind in the world. It has already helped to control and extinguish forest fires in Israel.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuVxcupe2SQ
Man has been growing crops for many millennia, but only now have Israeli scientists discovered how to turn previously inedible plants into new food crops to feed an ever-hungry world. And isn't it amazing that almost every week Israel is discovering ancient resources of natural gas close to its coastline. This energy supply has just begun to add significant new power to the Israel economy.
Simultaneously, as our peace negotiation "partners" deny any Jewish connection to our country, Israelis are digging up thousands of artifacts pertaining to ancient Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel. At the City of David excavations in Jerusalem, archaeologists unearthed a 2700-year-old Hebrew inscription on a pottery fragment from the first Temple period. It contains a name that matches the Biblical figure Zechariah son of Benaiah. Meanwhile, in Ashdod harbor, a wall from the same period of history has been excavated that was built during the time that the Assyrian king Sargon II was destroying the local Philistine army. The prophet Isaiah (see chapter 20) warned Judah's king Hezekiah to stay out of the fight – advice, which Hezekiah heeded.
The Arabs expelled the ancient Jewish communities of North Africa long ago, but those Jews that resettled in France are now immigrating to Israel in increasing numbers. A 10% increase in Aliya since the beginning of 2013 is expected to swell to 2500 new immigrants by the end of the year – almost double the rate for previous years. And a total of 331 North Americans landed at Ben Gurion Airport on August 13, 2013 to start new lives in the Jewish State. The flight marked the 50th Nefesh B'Nefesh charter flight since the group began mass Aliya flights to Israel in August 2002.
Finally, Israelis are actually redefining the term "old". Whilst Israeli humanitarian organization such as Tevel b'Tzedek are extending life expectancy in countries such as Nepal, Israel itself has been recognized by Bloomberg as having one of the best healthcare services in the world. The average life expectancy in the Jewish State is now 81 years. So the final item should not really be a surprise. Yitzhak Pundak fought in Israel's War of Independence. He then commanded the Nahal Brigade and the Armored Corps after the War. In 1971 Moshe Dayan appointed him Governor of Gaza, but his 1954 promise of promotion was not fulfilled. Now at one hundred years of age, Yitzhak at last received the rank of Major General.
Israel - Where even the old are young.
Labels: Aliya, Arabs, Bible, cartilage, chess computer, coral reef, dentures, forest fires, France, good news, intravenous, Israel, Jerusalem, Jewish State, knee, life expectancy, natural gas, Nb'N, Technion, tendon


text:
Q: Extracting a specific section of a string via JavaScript I'm currently messing with the tumblr API for a project.
The problem I seem to have is I have to be able to extract the username from the src url e.g.
http://(you).tumblr.com/api/read/json

I looked into using something like substr() but I can't guarantee the number of characters to extract.
Any ideas?

A: using the regular expression:
> var s = 'http://you.tumblr.com/api/read/json';
> var re = /^http:\/\/(\w+)\./;
> s.match(re);
[ 'http://you.',
  'you',
  index: 0,
  input: 'http://you.tumblr.com/api/read/json' ]
> s.match(re)[1]
'you'

in short:
'http://you.tumblr.com/api/read/json'.match(/^http:\/\/(\w+)\./)[1]

will evaluate to
'you'

to elaborate:
^            match start of string
http:\/\/    match http://
(\w+)        match group of word characters which appears 1 or more times
\.           match a dot

A: Here's a quick and dirty way without using a regex.
var str = "http://mydomain.tumblr.com/api/read/json";
var domainpart = str.substr(7, str.indexOf(".") - 7);
document.write(domainpart);


text:
L'île de Noirmoutier est une île française du golfe de Gascogne située dans le département de la Vendée. Elle est reliée  au continent par une chaussée submersible appelée le passage du Gois et, depuis 1971, par un pont. Elle est constituée de quatre communes  regroupées en la communauté de communes de l'Île-de-Noirmoutier. La longueur de l'île est d'approximativement , sa largeur varie de  à  et sa superficie est de .

L'île est souvent surnommée l'« île aux mimosas » pour sa douceur climatique permettant aux mimosas de pousser et d'y fleurir en hiver. Ses paysages dominants sont les marais salants, les dunes et les forêts de chênes verts.

Toponymie
Noirmoutier s'écrivait autrefois Noirmoutiers.
Le nom poitevin-saintongeais de l'île est Nérmoutàe (écrit Nermoster dans des textes du ). Ces noms viennent du latin in + Herio Monasterio c'est-à-dire : « au monastère d'Herus », Herus étant le nom latin de la partie septentrionale de l'île (aujourd'hui l'« île d'Her »).

Une charte du cartulaire de Coudrie, datée de 1150, traduit ce toponyme en latin nigrum monasterium (monastère noir). Cependant, l'étymologie qui associerait la couleur « noire » au terme de « moutier » (désignant un monastère) est strictement d'origine populaire, probablement issue de la transformation phonétique d'Herio Monasterio en Hoir Moustier (« le monastère d'Hoir », c'est-à-dire d'Herus), qui a évolué, par la prothèse euphonique de la lettre n, en Ner-Monster, puis Noir Moustier et Noirmoutier.

Géographie

Localisation
Noirmoutier est une île de la côte atlantique française située au nord-ouest de la Vendée. Elle se trouve au sud de l'estuaire de la Loire, au nord-est de l'île d'Yeu et au sud-est de Belle-Île-en-Mer. Séparée du continent par le détroit de Fromentine, situé à son extrémité Sud, elle ferme la baie de Bourgneuf (ou « baie de Bretagne »), dans sa partie Ouest et Sud.

Relief
Le relief de Noirmoutier est dans l'ensemble peu élevé comme l'Île de Ré ou encore celle d'Oléron. Le point culminant de l'île se situe au nord-est (le Pé de l'Herse), dans le bois des Eloux avec une altitude de , alors que les plus basses altitudes se situent dans la zone centrale de l'île avoisinant parfois le niveau de la mer dans les marais salants.

Par ailleurs, le relief est également élevé au niveau de la pointe de la Loire (partie sud du Bloc central de l'Ile) et aussi à l'entrée de l'île dans la forêt de la Fosse et de Barbâtre.
Sur la partie occidentale de l'île, l'altitude atteint en moyenne quatre à six mètres. En partant de la pointe méridionale de l'île, on retrouve de grandes plages de sable fin avec un massif dunaire s'étirant de la pointe de la Fosse jusqu'à la Guérinière. Plus à l'intérieur, ce sont les grandes forêts de pins et les abords dunaires qui dominent.

Au nord de cette partie, le changement de paysage est plus sévère avec les dunes laissant place aux marais salants.
Sur la partie septentrionale de l'île se trouvent des plages plus ou moins rocheuses notamment à partir de la pointe de Luzéronde en passant par l'Herbaudière jusqu'au Vieil.

C'est sur la partie orientale de l'île que le changement de relief est le plus important. Ainsi à partir du Grand Vieil jusqu'à la Clère, les plages laissent place aux exploitations agricoles tandis que sur la pointe du Bois de la Chaize, les forêts de chênes verts laissent place à des pentes rocheuses avec un dénivelé de « seulement » quinze mètres.
À partir de cette pointe de l'île jusqu'à Jacobsen, le relief est plus doux et beaucoup moins escarpé avec une plage de sable fin (la plage des Sableaux).
Enfin, de la rive gauche du port de Noirmoutier jusqu'à la cale de la Fosse, ce sont des polders qui laissent place à des cultures ostréicoles.

Géologie et géomorphologie de l'île

L'île de Noirmoutier est située dans le domaine sud armoricain (plus précisément le domaine ouest-vendéen) marqué par la phase orogénique bretonne de l'orogenèse varisque, au début du Carbonifère inférieur, ou Tournaisien, il y a environ 360 Ma. La collision continentale au cours de l'orogenèse varisque proprement dite se traduit dans le Massif armoricain par un métamorphisme général de basse-moyenne pression, formant les gneiss et micaschistes, par des phases de cisaillement et par une anatexie générant migmatites et granites. Elle se traduit enfin, par la mise en place de nombreux leucogranites (à deux micas muscovite et biotite) intrusifs à travers les schistes cristallins, concomitamment aux cisaillements et à ce métamorphisme. Noirmoutier fait ainsi partie d'une grande ceinture de leucogranites au sud du Massif armoricain. Cette ceinture correspond à un immense batholite mis en place dans des roches métamorphiques, seuls quelques plutons atteignant le Paléozoïque épimétamorphique. Ce batholite est subdivisé en plusieurs bandes (« rubans ») qui montrent une nette divergence vers l'Est : un axe majeur (Pointe du Raz - Nantes - Parthenay - Millevaches) à convexité nord-est (orienté N 110-130 °E) associé au cisaillement sud-armoricain (décrochement dextre selon une orientation cadomienne dont le rejet horizontal atteindrait ) ; au Nord de cet axe, la bande Locronan-Lizio correspondant à plusieurs rubans orientés N 60 à 100°E (chapelet d'apophyses Bignan, Guéhenno, Savenay, etc.) ; au Sud de cet axe, une échine discontinue de moles syntectoniques (massifs de Trégunc, Pont-l'Abbé, Port-Louis-Ploemeur, Glénan-Quiberon-Houat-Hoedic-Guérande-Le Croisic, Saint-Brévin, Noirmoutier-La Roche-sur-Yon allongés en direction sud-armoricaine dont le parallélisme avec le cisaillement sud-armoricain incite à penser à l'influence indirecte d'une contrainte linéamentaire), celui de Noirmoutier étant mis en place à la faveur d'une zone cisaillante extensive développée en Bretagne Sud, accompagnée de métamorphisme régional. Ces granites intrusifs, datés de 320 Ma, sont produits par fusion de métasédiments avec des taux de fusion faibles, probablement en relation avec des processus de relaxation thermique. Une mer à l'éocène dépose des calcaires et des grès calcareux qui se retrouvent actuellement au niveau des platiers. Le colmatage flandrien de l'île masque maintenant une grande partie de ces formations éocènes. Les alluvions (argile, tourbe et surtout terre de bri, connue sous le nom d'« argiles à scrobiculaires ») comblent progressivement la baie de Bourgneuf. Les aménagements réalisés depuis le début du Moyen Âge modifient profondément les paysages de la baie et accélèrent son colmatage naturel.

Les  de l'île de Noirmoutier, qui s'étendent sur près de  de long, sont constitués de trois domaines distincts :
 un îlot rocheux au Nord de l'Herbaudière (les gneiss feuilletés à deux micas et oligoclase dans son anse sont troués par des masses de granite à deux micas massif et par de gros chicots de pegmatite à muscovite et porphyroblastes de microline) à Noirmoutier-en-l'Île (formée de granite à grain fin, à deux micas avec la biotite dominante), la partie la plus large (plus de ) anciennement appelé « île d'Her », sur lequel est située la commune de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île ;
 des marais salants intérieurs (de la Menisière à la Fosse), longés au Sud-Ouest par le cordon dunaire s'étendant sur  sur la côte occidentale face à l'océan, à l'est duquel ont été aménagés des polders donnant sur la baie ;
 de vastes platiers subhorizontaux et des écueils (chaussée des Bœufs, les Peignes, les roches de la Fosse, Préoire et Vendette) de calcaire arénacé éocène (calcaire jaune clair, dolomitique, à grain fin qui passe localement à un grès à ciment calcaire), largement exondés à mer basse.

L'unité de l'architecture domestique de Noirmoutier tient aux matériaux de construction liés à la géologie de l'île : pisé jusqu'au , moellons et pierre de taille (schistes, granite, gneiss au nord, calcaire au sud, liés avec un mortier de terre) extraits de carrières locales (parfois des « pierre de mer », : granites ou schistes des côtes nord et ouest à Noirmoutier, calcaire affleurant sur le littoral ouest et à est) jusque dans les années 1930.

L'occupation humaine : une ville, cinq bourgs

Jusqu'au début du , l'île de Noirmoutier ne comportait qu'une seule commune avec comme chef-lieu le bourg de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île. Mais avec l'accroissement démographique, Barbâtre est devenue indépendante en 1858 avant la constitution de deux autres communes une soixantaine d'années après en 1919 : La Guérinière et L'Épine. Avec le développement des congés payés et l'essor du tourisme, l'île s'est urbanisée au  avec la construction de nombreux lotissements abritant notamment beaucoup de résidences secondaires. Aujourd'hui, on distingue sur l'île de Noirmoutier, une ville et cinq bourgs répartis sur quatre communes.

 La ville de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île située au Nord-Est de l'île est la capitale historique de l'île. Son centre est marqué par de vieux monuments comme le château, l'église Saint-Philbert, l'Hôtel Jacobsen Elle est peuplée de  environ. Sa commune couvre le tiers Nord de l'île et comprend, des marais salants, une plaine agricole, la station balnéaire du Bois de la Chaize, le port de pêche et de plaisance à échouage, l'ancienne abbaye de la Blanche ainsi que les deux bourgs du Vieil et de l'Herbaudière. Le caractère rocheux des côtes fait que les plages sont plutôt de tailles réduites comme celles qui bordent le bois de la Chaize (exemple : plage des Dames, plage des Souzeaux, de l'Anse Rouge…).

 Le bourg de L'Épine est situé à l'Ouest de l'île. Comptant une population de plus de , sa commune comprend une partie des marais salants, le port de Morin (au Nord du bourg), une partie du bois des Eloux (au Sud du bourg) et le moulin de la Bosse. Les plages de L'Épine forment un cordon sableux continu portant différentes dénominations en fonction des zones (plage Saint-Jean, plage de la Martinière…) ponctuées de brise-lames qui contribuent à la défense de l'île contre la mer.

 Le bourg de La Guérinière est situé au centre de l'île. Sa commune compte environ  avec le village balnéaire des Sables d'Or et de la Tresson, situé au Sud du bourg. La plage sableuse de la Guérinière offre une vue sur les bouchots (culture de moules) et les parcs à huïtres installés en mer et visibles à marée basse.

 Le bourg de Barbâtre, de forme longiligne par l'extension des lotissements pavillonnaires compte  presque . C'est la commune la plus méridionale de l'île, elle comprend les deux voies reliant l'île de Noirmoutier au continent : le Gois (chaussée submersible) et le pont. L'urbanisation du  a étendu le bourg sur les anciens hameaux du Midi, de la Frandière et de la Fosse. La plage du Midi est la plage de Barbâtre, c'est la plus longue de l'île, cordon sableux de plus de .

 Le bourg du Vieil est situé au Nord de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île et fait partie de son territoire communal. C'est une bourgade paisible constituée de rues tranquilles qui s'étire entre le Bois de la Chaize et le Bois de la Blanche. Les plages sont plutôt rocheuses.

 Le bourg de l'Herbaudière est situé au Nord-Ouest de l'île, intégré lui aussi à la commune de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île. C'est le port de pêche et principal port de plaisance de l'île. La plage de Luzéronde, au Sud de l'Herbaudière, est sableuse et assez fortement inclinée, elle offre une vue sur l'île du Pilier (au Nord-Ouest de l'île).

Les forêts de Noirmoutier
L'île de Noirmoutier est une île dont la couverture forestière est plutôt modérée et légèrement en deçà par rapport à la moyenne de la Vendée.

Les bois ainsi que les forêts sont gérés par l'ONF qui s'occupe d'environ  soit 9 % de la superficie de l'île qui est de .

Les forêts domaniales sont situées de manière éparse sur cette île et recouvrent des surfaces très différentes d'une forêt à une autre :
 dans le sud de l'île se trouve la forêt domaniale de Barbâtre, qui s'étend sur la commune de Barbâtre et de la Frandière et couvre une surface totale de . Ce qui en fait la plus grande forêt de l'île de Noirmoutier.
 au nord-est se situe la forêt domaniale du Bois de la Chaize qui est essentiellement composée de chênes verts et qui s'étend sur . Bordant les rivages de la Baie de Bourgneuf, elle est située exclusivement dans la commune de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île ;
 Sur la face ouest et sud, le petit bois domanial des Éloux a une surface de . Situé en bordure de l'océan, il s'agit d'un bois composé de résineux (pins maritimes essentiellement) auxquels se mêlent des chênes verts qui ont été plantés sur un cordon dunaire. Elle est la troisième forêt de l'île et appartient à la commune de la Guérinière.
 On relève quelques autres bois et forêts de taille négligeable.

Ces forêts sont très importantes notamment puisqu'elles constituent un milieu naturel protégé pour la faune et la flore protégées d'ailleurs par l'ONF mais aussi permettent une attraction touristique par leur beauté.

Climat

Le climat de l'île est particulièrement doux grâce à l'influence de l'océan Atlantique. Les hivers sont doux et les étés sont tempérés. Le nombre d'heures de soleil est important : il est comparable à celui de Carcassonne avec  pour l'année dont  pour les mois de juillet et août.

Toutes ces conditions permettent à l'île de développer la culture de la pomme de terre cultivée dans une terre sablonneuse enrichie au goémon (particulièrement la bonnotte, pomme de terre primeur précoce au printemps), mais aussi favorisent l'évaporation des marais salants en été. De plus, des espèces végétales peu communes sur le continent aux mêmes latitudes peuvent se développer, comme le mimosa ou les arbousiers très présents au bois de la Chaize.

Environnement
Selon Natura 2000, l'île fait partie d'un cadre géographique plus large englobant également le marais breton, la baie de Bourgneuf et la forêt des Pays de Monts.

Cette même zone géographique a été désignée le  zone humide d'importance internationale au titre de la Convention de Ramsar.

Transports
Jusqu'en 1971, l'île de Noirmoutier était une île accessible à marée basse seulement par l'intermédiaire du célèbre passage du Gois (ou Goâ), chaussée d'environ  traversant le sud de la baie de Bourgneuf. Depuis, un pont supportant la route départementale 38 la relie également au continent. Cette route (à laquelle le Gois est greffé) parcourt l'île du sud au nord jusqu'au port de L'Épine, le port du Morin. À partir de La Guérinière, la route départementale 948 traverse les marais salants pour rejoindre Noirmoutier-en-l'île. Les marais ne sont d'ailleurs traversés que par quelques petites routes.

Durant toute l'année, la gare routière de Noirmoutier-en-l'île est desservie par un service d'autocars reliant Nantes (autocars SNCF depuis la gare ferroviaire) et La Roche-sur-Yon (réseau départemental Cap Vendée). Pour la période estivale, la Communauté de Communes, en partenariat avec le Conseil Départemental de la Vendée mettent en place un service insulaire baptisé le « Bus de l'île » desservant près d'une trentaine d'arrêts, tandis que durant le même temps, la ville de Noirmoutier-en-l'île organise un service gratuit de navette le « Gratibus » assurant des liaisons quotidiennes entre Le Vieil, L'Herbaudière et le bourg de Noirmoutier.

Des navettes maritimes reliant le continent à l'île entre Fromentine et la Pointe de la Fosse au Sud permettaient également son accès avant la construction du pont. En 2017, après plus de sept ans de sommeil, une tentative de remise en service de la liaison maritime entre les ports de Pornic à celui de Noirmoutier pour la période estivale échoue, mais le projet qui trouve son intérêt auprès des deux municipalités concernées ne semble pas abandonné pour autant.

L'île est parcourue par  de pistes cyclables et  de sentiers pédestres.

Administration
Les quatre communes que cette île abrite formaient le canton de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île et sont, en outre, regroupées en une communauté de communes de l'Île-de-Noirmoutier. Celles-ci sont du sud au nord :
 Barbâtre ;
 La Guérinière ;
 L'Épine ;
 Noirmoutier-en-l'Île.

Histoire

Les traces les plus anciennes d'occupation de l'île de Noirmoutier remontent de  av. J.-C. à  av. J.-C. au Paléolithique inférieur, au bois de la Chaize. D'autres traces ont été trouvées, datant du Néolithique (de  av. J.-C. à  av. J.-C. à La Fosse (pointe de l'île), à Luzéronde et au bois de la Chaize et sur la baie de Bourgneuf mais aussi sur l'ilot du Pilier, qui pouvait être à cette époque rattaché à Noirmoutier.On a trouvé sur l'île deux mégalithes, le dolmen de la Table désormais submergé dans la baie de Bourgneuf, et le dolmen de l'Herbaudière situé sur le littoral.On a également trouvé sur l'île des haches en pierre polie, des silex taillés (dans le Gois), un poignard et un couteau en silex (à l'Herbaudière).

C'est sur l'ancienne « île d'Her » ou d'Hero que le moine saint Philibert s'installa en 674. Il y fonda un monastère qui fut plus tard à l'origine de celui de Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu. Il y organisa la récolte du sel et la construction de nombreuses digues.

Pour lutter contre les invasions vikings, les seigneurs de la Garnache, propriétaires des lieux, ainsi que les moines, firent construire successivement des fortifications à partir de 830. Ceux-ci construisirent une résidence à Déas (aujourd'hui « Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu ») sur le continent pour y passer l'été, saison la plus dangereuse, pour s'y abriter des incursions vikings. Ceux-ci tentent une attaque en août 834, repoussée, puis une nouvelle en août 835. Celle-ci est repoussée par le comte Renaud d'Herbauges. Les Vikings reviennent à la charge en septembre 835, et réussissent à piller le monastère qui est ensuite abandonné.

Au , Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub, marchand arabe envoyé par le Calife Omeyade de Cordoue, décrit l'île en ces termes :

Le château est construit au .

Une île de la seigneurie de la Garnache

L'île de Noirmoutier, comme l'ancienne île de Bouin (aujourd'hui rattachée à la terre ferme), dépendait avant la Révolution de la seigneurie de la Garnache, fief tantôt poitevin (duché d'Aquitaine et comté du Poitou) au Moyen Âge, tantôt lié à la Bretagne (expansion bretonne au  cassée par les incursions vikings, puis liens juridiques avec la région des Marches de Bretagne du ).

Au cours de son histoire, l'île eut à subir plusieurs tentatives d'invasions :
 anglaises (1342, 1360, 1386) ;
 espagnoles (1524, 1588).

Mais ne put résister à l'invasion néerlandaise de 1674 par l'amiral Cornelis Tromp.

-  : des changements de seigneurs
En 1350, Noirmoutier tomba aux mains d'un seigneur à la solde de l'Angleterre, Raoul Caours, qui finit par se brouiller avec le monarque anglais, pour n'avoir pas voulu rendre ses conquêtes à Jeanne de Belleville, dame de Clisson et de la Garnache. Il passa au roi de France, moyennant  par an et la possession reconnue de Beauvoir, de Lampant, de Bouin et de l'île Chauvet, dont s'était emparé en 1349, Guillaume, dit le Galois de la Heuse, capitaine souverain pour le roi en Poitou.

Un autre chef mercenaire, Maciot de Mareuil, bourgeois de Nantes, aidé d'aventuriers nantais, s'empara l'année suivante de Noirmoutier et fit prisonnier Raoul Caours, qu'il ne voulut relâcher à aucun prix, malgré les lettres de rémission offertes par le roi de France. Guillaume Estner, capitaine à la solde du seigneur de l'île, Amaury de Craon, parvint à le faire déménager en 1353.

Au  l'île de Noirmoutier est rattachée à la vicomté de Thouars qui appartient à la famille d'Amboise.

En mars 1479, par ses lettres patentes, le roi Louis XI confirma les privilèges octroyés par Charles VII.

Corsaires huguenots au , contrebande de tabac au
En 1562, les corsaires huguenots venus de La Rochelle s'emparent de l'île, dont ils font un sanctuaire jusqu'en 1569.

Cette île bénéficiait dès le  de franchises insulaires, propices au développement de la contrebande. Au , les îliens font fleurir le commerce clandestin de tabac en se lançant dans l'importation massive.

Ce trafic prend son essor après 1670 lorsque le tabac de Saint-Domingue est placé sous un monopole que Louis XIV confie à la Marquise de Maintenon, qui s'empresse de le revendre. Le monopole fixe des prix de vente trop élevés et d'achat trop bas, incitant les planteurs à écouler le tabac vers les colonies de l'Amérique du Nord. C'est le début de la fortune de la Virginie.

Des sociétés de « faux tabatiers » se structurent, impliquant toutes les couches de la société îlienne pour réguler le  trafic. Du tabac de Virginie, du Maryland, de Hollande, de Martinique ou de Saint-Domingue fait marcher le négoce. De gros navires marchands hollandais ou anglais approvisionnent l'île. Un circuit de petites embarcations (chattes) permettent l'acheminement illégal sur le continent.

En 1674, l'île est prise et dévastée par une expédition navale hollandaise conduite par les lieutenant-amiraux  Tromp, Banckert et van Nes.

Dès le , l'île subit de nombreuses transformations grâce à la construction de digues et de polders. Des centaines d'hectares furent asséchés, selon des techniques issues des procédés flamands mises en œuvre en particulier par la famille Jacobsen dont Cornil Guislain Jacobsen, originaire de Dunkerque. Les terres ainsi gagnées sur la mer permirent la création de marais salants et de champs pour les pâtures et la culture de céréales.

De la guerre de Vendée jusqu'à la Première Guerre mondiale

Durant la Révolution française, l'île fut le théâtre de trois batailles de la guerre de Vendée entre 1793 et 1794 : la première se solda par une victoire républicaine repoussant l'assaut royaliste, la seconde par la prise de l'île par les Vendéens, tandis que la troisième vit la victoire définitive des républicains et l'exécution des combattants royalistes (dont Maurice d'Elbée) de la garnison.

Durant la Première Guerre mondiale, le lieutenant Joseph Écomard fut gouverneur militaire de l'île, mais il résidait sur celle voisine de l'île d'Yeu où il occupait également la même fonction. Il descendait des Joubert de Noirmoutier, gouverneurs de l'île sous l'Ancien Régime.

Économie

Le tourisme est la principale activité économique de l'île offrant aux visiteurs un nombre important d'hébergement (hôtels, chambres d'hôtes, campings, centres de vacances, etc.).

Cependant, l'activité maritime reste très importante sur l'île qui possède ainsi trois ports :
 Noirmoutier-en-l'Île, le port traditionnel qui aujourd'hui sert surtout aux petits bateaux de plaisance, essentiellement ancrés dans l'étier du Moulin.
 l'Herbaudière, un port de pêche moderne en eau profonde, possédant une criée, il est le deuxième du département de la Vendée après celui des Sables-d'Olonne. C'est aussi un port de plaisance important.
 l'Épine, dénommé historiquement le port de Morin, est un port à échouage. D'importants travaux achevés fin 2005 en ont fait un port de plaisance.

L'ostréiculture  est présente au port de Noirmoutier et au port du Bonhomme. La pisciculture est aussi active sur l'île, notamment par le groupe Adrien avec France Turbot.

L'île jouit d'un climat favorable à la production d'une variété de pommes de terre locale (la bonnotte), mais aussi de beaucoup d'autres variétés comme la sirtéma et la charlotte.

L'artisanat du bâtiment, du paysage et des BTP, fort de plus de , représente  à l'année ce qui le place dans les principales activités de l'économie insulaire.

Le consortium EMYN a pour projet de mettre en place un parc de 62 éoliennes d'une puissance unitaire de , sur une surface de , entre les deux îles de Noirmoutier et d'Yeu. Ce projet de centrale éolienne a reçu l'aval du Préfet de Vendée en dépit de nombreuses oppositions. Une manifestation regroupant 500 participants dans la petite ville calme de Noirmoutier a défrayé la chronique en Avril 2018. Les habitants se sont prononcés contre celui-ci lors de l'enquête publique à hauteur de 76%. Le projet a été critiqué par le CNPN ( Conseil National pour la Protection de la Nature) qui lui a donné un avis défavorable en Octobre 2018. Selon ses opposants et de l'avis des pêcheurs, les conséquences de l'implantation de la centrale entre les îles de Noirmoutier et d'Yeu combinées à la construction d'une autre centrale de 80 machines au large de Saint Nazaire pourrait sonner le glas de la pêche côtière durable dans la région.

La production de sel

Le climat de l'île a également favorisé très tôt la production de sel marin. Ainsi, dès le , les moines bénédictins commencèrent à transformer les marais humides en marais salants afin d'y récolter l'or blanc. Ceux-ci couvrent aujourd'hui une grande partie du territoire insulaire.

De nos jours, le sel et la fleur de sel y sont encore récoltés de façon artisanale et la production atteint  les meilleures années. Après le déclin des années 1980 et à la suite de l'abandon de nombreux marais salants, une renaissance a eu lieu depuis une quinzaine d'années avec l'installation de jeunes sauniers.

Depuis 1942, la coopérative des sauniers de Noirmoutier regroupe près d'une centaine d'adhérents, soit 90 % des producteurs de l'île. L'avenir de cette agriculture traditionnelle et du métier de saunier est pérennisé par un contrat passé avec Aquasel. Ce contrat garantit ainsi les prix et les volumes de production sur le long terme.

Patrimoine

Monuments

L'île possède un patrimoine architectural varié avec :
 le château de Noirmoutier datant du  (sur le site d'un castrum disparu du );
 l'église Saint-Philbert, une ancienne abbatiale bénédictine au style à la fois roman et gothique. Elle recèle une belle crypte du , ainsi que le premier tombeau du moine saint Philibert, son fondateur au  ;
 l'ancien Hôtel Lebreton de Grapillières, bel hôtel particulier du , MH, devenu hôtel de tourisme sous le nom d'Hôtel d'Elbée ;
 des maisons de maître datant du .
 l'Estacade, édifice emblématique de l'île de Noirmoutier. La première Estacade du bois de la Chaize a été construite en 1889. Cet embarcadère à bateaux a joué un rôle majeur dans le développement du tourisme balnéaire du début du . L'ouvrage a été entièrement restauré au cours des années 2013-2014.

Sites
 Le passage du Gois, chaussée submersible, principale attraction touristique de l'île.
 Le bois de la Chaize est connu pour ses bois de chênes verts et de mimosas, ainsi que de belles plages ombragées. Une centaine de villas balnéaires – dont une majorité date de la fin du  et du début  – ont été édifiées dans cette forêt.
 La promenade des Souzeaux longe l'océan avec ses nombreuses criques.
 La maison-phare de la Pointe des Dames dans le bois de la Chaize.
 Le Vieil, un des lieux-dits au nord de l'île, face à la côte, attire les touristes grâce à sa situation et aux centres de vacances qui s'y trouvent.
 La réserve naturelle nationale des marais de Müllembourg.
 La réserve naturelle régionale du Polder de Sébastopol.
 La grotte Saint-Philbert dans le bois de la Chaize.

Actions culturelles
De nombreuses actions culturelles ont lieu sur l'île comme la fête de la bonnotte, les Régates du Bois de la Chaize et le Festival  Art et Sciences.
Andor Nehmet (1891-1953), écrivain, poète, critique et biographe de Franz Kafka, résida de façon contrainte pendant les années de guerre (1914-1918) sur l'île.

Films tournés à Noirmoutier
 1956 : La Foire aux femmes de Jean Stelli (tourné au passage du Gois)
 1962 : Maléfices de Henri Decoin
 1965 : Les Créatures d'Agnès Varda
 1972 : César et Rosalie de Claude Sautet
 1974 : Lancelot du lac de Robert Bresson
 1983 : Garçon ! de Claude Sautet
 2008 : Les Plages d'Agnès d'Agnès Varda
 2014 : Les Vacances du Petit Nicolas de Laurent Tirard
 2015 : Boomerang de François Favrat, d'après un roman de Tatiana de Rosnay
 2016 : Les Fantômes d'Ismaël d'Arnaud Desplechin

Peintres de Noirmoutier
On trouve le thème de Noirmoutier dans les peintures paysagistes de Michèle Battut, Camille Bernier, Bernard Conte, Roland Lefranc, Marie-Françoise de L'Espinay, Jean Rigaud.

Bande dessinée
 1958 : La Voiture immergée, de Maurice Tillieux (scénario et dessin)
 2008 : Suspense à Noirmoutier, de Francine (scénario) et Jean Graton (dessin)
 2013 : Crève saucisse, de Pascal Rabaté (scénario), Simon Hureau (dessin), Futuropolis (maison d'édition)

Littérature
 1913 : Le Peuple de la mer, de Marc Elder, Prix Goncourt en 1913
 1941 : La Foire aux femmes, de Gilbert Dupé, Éd. Denoël
 2007 : Mamie a eu quinze ans, d'Alice Donna, Ed. Anne Carrière
 2009 : Boomerang, Tatiana de rosnay, Ed. Héloïse d'Ormesson
 2013 : The Line of His People, C.J. Adrien, Ed. Creativia
 2015 : Arrivée imprévue, Philippe Gourdin, roman, Ed. de l'Officine
 2019 : Déroute à Noirmout, Philippe Gourdin, roman policier jeunesse, Ed. A&H

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographies
 .

Articles connexes
 Passage du Gois
 Pont de Noirmoutier
 Château de Noirmoutier
 Aquarium Sealand de Noirmoutier-en-l'Île
 Bonnotte de Noirmoutier

Liens externes

 Site de la Communauté de communes de l'Île-de-Noirmoutier
 Histoire de l'île de Noirmoutier
 Henri Calet, Le tour de l'île en voiture à âne, reportage pour Le Figaro littéraire, 1955
 Du sel et des hommes, site sur le sel et les sauniers de Noirmoutier

Technologie hydraulique néerlandaise
Site Ramsar en France
Site Natura 2000 dans la Vendée

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Dreaming of Gypsies indicates that the dreamer will lead a turbulent life in the coming future.
Dreaming of quarreling with Gypsies indicates possible business losses.
In the Chinese culture, dream is linked with a virtual person called Zhougong after a popular book Zhougong's Dream Dictionary (周公解梦) which has been passed down from thousands of years ago. The book categorizes seven types of dream that people usually have during sleeping. With thousand of years' history, Zhougong's Dream Dictionary (周公解梦) has been popular in China as well as in the Chinese communities for its excellence in explaining different dreams, in particular those unusual and weird. While some believe that the book shows people's superstition, others believe that the objects or scenes that show up in our dream have close relationship with what have happened within our body (e.g. health status), in daily life, or mental status.


text:
renewable energy frontrunners
Five countries leading the installation and use of renewables
Note: The renewable power capacity data cited in this blog are "maximum net generating capacity of power plants and other installations that use renewable energy sources to produce electricity" in IRENA's Renewable capacity statistics 2021 (IRENA, 2021).
More and more countries are becoming vocal on their plans to decarbonise their energy sector. According to the Energy Transition Factbook prepared for the 12th Clean Energy Ministerial 31 May – 6 June 20211, more than two-thirds of governments worldwide already have at least a net-zero discussion. This means that more and more countries are considering, if not committing, to reduce their carbon footprint by increasing their generation and/or use of renewable energy, among other decarbonisation initiatives.
IRENA (2021), Renewable capacity statistics 2021 International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Abu Dhabi
Based on the "Renewable capacity highlights" released by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) (2021) in March 2021, total global renewable energy capacity reached 2,799 GW in 2020, 10.3 percent higher than the previous year. This figure is equivalent to a two percentage point increase in share in total energy capacity, reaching 36.6%.
What is evident is that most of the increase in capacity came from China and the United States, with other countries recording similar rise as in previous years. Let us then explore how the top five countries performed in 2020.
China has a total of 898.9 GW installed renewable energy capacity in 2020, a sharp 18-percent increase year-on-year. Wind energy installed capacity caused the highest increase as it grew 35 percent to 282 GW in 2020, comprising more than 31 percent of China's total renewable energy capacity last year. Hydropower, China's biggest renewable energy capacity at 38 percent of total, grew just 4 percent. Solar energy capacity in China also went up impressively by 24 percent and comprised 28 percent of total installed renewable energy capacity.
The United States recorded the second highest renewable energy capacity in 2020 at 292 GW, higher by 11 percent than the previous year. Wind energy reached 118 GW and represented 40 percent of the United States' total renewable energy capacity installed during the year. However, it is solar energy that recorded the biggest rise in 2020 as it grew a quarter to reach 75.6 GW, dwarfing wind energy's 14 percent growth. The United States' hydropower rose 11 percent last year, while the country's bioenergy and geothermal energy remained almost flat in 2020.
Brazil, while ranking only third in renewable energy installed capacity at 150 GW (up 4%), prides itself of having the highest percentage share (48.3%) of renewable electricity to total electricity generated (Empresa de Pesquisa Energética, 2021). Hydropower remains the top renewable energy in Brazil, comprising 73 percent of total capacity generated. However, hydropower was flat in 2020, failing to match the 11-percent growth in wind energy and the impressive 71-percent increase in solar energy in the same year.
Like Brazil, India's renewable energy growth in 2020 does not also match that of global numbers as it only rose four percent to 134 GW. The renewable energy mix in the South Asian country is quite balanced with Hydropower, wind energy and solar energy comprising 34 percent, 29 percent and 29 percent, respectively. Solar energy grew the fastest with a 12-percent increase, while hydropower and wind energy were almost flat in 2020. Bioenergy contributed eight percent of total renewable energy capacity.
Germany's renewable energy capacity grew five percent to 131 GW in 2020, maintaining its fifth spot in the ranking. Wind energy and solar energy were the top contributors to renewable energy capacity at 47 percent and 41 percent, respectively. Solar energy, as in other countries above, grew the fastest at 10-percent rate last year. Bioenergy and hydropower comprised the other 12 percent of Germany's renewable energy capacity, chipping in eight percent and four percent, respectively.
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1 https://www.cleanenergyministerial.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/BNEF%20X%20BP%20Energy%20Transition%20Factbook%20for%20CEM%20-%20FINAL%2020210601.pdf
Renewable capacity highlights (2021). International Renewable Energy Agency. Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_-RE_Capacity_Highlights_2021.pdf?la=en&hash=1E133689564BC40C2392E85026F71A0D7A9C0B91
Country rankings (2021). International Renewable Energy Agency. Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://www.irena.org/Statistics/View-Data-by-Topic/Capacity-and-Generation/Country-Rankings
Matriz Energética e Elétrica (2021). Empresa de Pesquisa Energética. Retrieved on 19 November 2021, from https://www.epe.gov.br/pt/abcdenergia/matriz-energetica-e-eletrica#ENERGETICA
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