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God in America | Article
People and Ideas: Civil War and Reconstruction
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/godinamerica-civil-war-reconstruction/
From Frederick Douglass to Harriet Tubman, scroll to read how different individuals who lived during this era were influenced by religion.
Abraham Lincoln was raised in his parents' "hard shell" Baptist faith. Here evangelistic fervor combined with a stern Calvinist theology of predestination -- the belief that the fate of all men and women had been predetermined by God. Lincoln rejected this Calvinist view and shunned emotional excess, but the Calvinism of his youth left him with a lifetime sense of fatalism.
The toll of the Civil War led Lincoln to undertake a profound spiritual journey. This journey ultimately transformed his inner being, his conduct of the war, and his understanding of divine Providence. During his presidency, Providence began to emerge in his mind as an active and more personal God, a mysterious presence whose purpose eluded human understanding.
The eulogy delivered at his son Willie's funeral spoke to Lincoln. It had said, "What we need in the hour of trial, and what we should seek by earnest prayer, is confidence in Him who sees the end from the beginning and doeth all things well." Lincoln began to search for signs of God's will on the question of emancipation. He had resisted freeing the slaves, convinced that he did not have the authority to do so. But abolitionists urged Lincoln to move forward. He gradually recognized a practical and moral reason for emancipation: depriving the South of free labor would make it more difficult for Confederate troops to fight the war. He searched for a signal of God's plan. In September 1862, Union forces drove Southern rebels from Antietam Creek in Maryland. It was not a rousing victory for the Union, but Lincoln took it as the sign he had waited for. He gathered his cabinet and announced: "God had decided this question in favor of the slaves." On New Year's Day 1863, Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves in the Confederacy.
In his Second Inaugural Address, Lincoln endowed the Civil War with sacred meaning, creating an American Scripture and articulating an American civil religion that still suffuses the idea of the nation with religious significance.
Fondly do we hope -- fervently do we pray -- that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue, until all the wealth piled by the bond-man's 250 years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, ... as was said 3,000 years ago, so still it must be said 'the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.'
Lincoln himself became a casualty of the conflict. Slain on Good Friday, he died the day before on Easter Sunday. Mourned and honored, he was compared to Jesus. Despite the fact that he had never formally joined a church, Lincoln had become one of America's most theological presidents.
Angelina and Sarah Grimké
With 13 years between them, sisters Sarah and Angelina Grimké were born into a plantation-owning, slave-holding family in South Carolina. Sarah, the elder sister, grew up feeling that she was alone in her questioning of the institution of slavery and the treatment of women. When Sarah was 13, her younger sister Angelina was born, and the two remained the closest of friends throughout their lives.
The Grimké family attended the Episcopal Church regularly, and Sarah read Bible stories to slave children. South Carolina law barred teaching slaves to read, but Sarah chafed at the idea that the slaves were forced to hear the Gospel from others rather than read it for themselves. She rebelled in secret, teaching her handmaid, a slave, to read at night until her father caught her.
The sisters both questioned slavery and desired equality for men and women, but it was not until Sarah traveled to Philadelphia that the sisters felt there was anything they could do as young women.
In Pennsylvania, Sarah was introduced to the Society of Friends, or the Quakers and moved permanently to Philadelphia in 1820. Angelina joined Sarah in 1829, and the sisters became active members in the Society of Friends. The sisters entered the national spotlight as abolitionists when Angelina wrote a letter against slavery published in the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator. Within a year, Angelina issued her most famous pamphlet, titled "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South," urging white Southern women to help end the scourge of slavery:
I appeal to you, my friends, as mothers; Are you willing to enslave your children? You start back with horror and indignation at such a question. But why, if slavery is no wrong to those upon whom it is imposed? ...Do you not perceive that as soon as this golden rule of action is applied to yourselves that you involuntarily shrink from the test; as soon as your actions are weighed in this balance of the sanctuary that you are found wanting? Try yourselves by another of the Divine precepts, "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Can we love a man as we love ourselves if we do, and continue to do unto him, what we would not wish any one to do to us? Look too, at Christ's example, what does he say of himself, "I came not to be ministered unto, but to minister." Can you for a moment imagine the meek, and lowly, and compassionate Saviour, a slaveholder? Do you not shudder at this thought as much as at that of his being a warrior? But why, if slavery is not sinful?
The sisters' public speaking and involvement in the political sphere drew condemnation from religious leaders and traditionalists who did not believe that it was a woman's place to speak in public. The sisters soon found themselves fighting for equality of the sexes and women's rights, following women like Sojourner Truth in linking the rights of blacks and women.
"Between the Christianity of this land and the Christianity of Christ, I recognize the widest possible difference," wrote Frederick Douglass, a leading American abolitionist and former slave. Douglass rejected all biblical justifications of slavery after living under the cruel institution himself. Born in Maryland in 1818, his master's wife taught Douglass to read at a young age, and Douglass shared this knowledge with other slaves, encouraging them to read the New Testament and interpret Jesus Christ's message of equality.
After escaping slavery, Douglass joined an integrated Methodist church where he attended anti-slavery meetings and befriended fellow abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison. Garrison encouraged the young Douglass to become an anti-slavery lecturer. Douglass also started a weekly journal, The North Star, where he challenged his readers to question the contradiction between America's Christianity and the institution of slavery. Speaking before packed houses in Great Britain and America, Douglass attacked Christianity for not only permitting the continuation of slavery but also encouraging its expansion: "The church and the slave prison stand next to each other. ... [T]he church-going bell and the auctioneer's bell chime in with each other; the pulpit and the auctioneer's block stand in the same neighborhood."
Daughter of minister Lyman Beecher, Harriet Beecher Stowe was a noted abolitionist and author, best known for her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin.
Located close to the border of the slave state Kentucky, the city of Cincinnati gave Stowe direct exposure to the institution of slavery. She visited Kentucky and witnessed slavery firsthand. When Stowe and her husband Calvin Eillis Stowe discovered that their house servant, Zillah, was a former slave, the couple helped her to escape to Canada.
In 1850, the Stowes moved to Brunswick, Maine. That same year, Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Law, which enabled slave owners to reclaim their runaway slaves who had escaped to Northern states. Stowe was outraged and soon began to write her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin, a searing indictment of slavery, drawing on freedom narratives, newspaper accounts, interviews with former slaves and conversations with participants in the Underground Railroad, both white and black. She also drew on her own personal experience as a mother. Her son Charlie had died in the summer of 1849. Four years after his death, she wrote to a friend:
I have been the mother of seven children, the most beautiful and most loved of whom lies buried near my Cincinnati residence. It was at his dying bed and at his grave that I learned what a poor slave mother may feel when her child is torn away from her. In those depths of sorrow, which seemed to be immeasurable, it was my only prayer to God that such anguish might not be suffered in vain. ... I allude to this here because I have often felt that much that is in that book had its root in the awful scenes and bitter sorrow of that summer.
Translated into foreign languages, Uncle Tom's Cabin it sold around the world and was made into a popular play. In the United States, Stowe's work galvanized anti-slavery sentiment and aided the abolitionist cause.
Born into slavery on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in 1820, Harriet Tubman s remembered for challenging stereotypes of race, gender and class. As a child, she learned Bible stories from her mother, finding inspiration in the Exodus narrative and rejecting the admonitions for slaves to obey their masters. She would later become known as "Moses" for her work as a conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading slaves North to freedom. As a teenager, Tubman suffered a traumatic head injury that would cause a lifetime of seizures, along with powerful visions and vivid dreams that she ascribed to God. She would rely on these visions first in planning her own escape from slavery and later, when leading others to freedom in the North.
In 1849, Tubman plotted her escape. By night, she followed the North Star and relied on the Underground Railroad, a network of free blacks and white abolitionists, including members of the Religious Society of Friends, or Quakers. She arrived in Philadelphia and later recalled: "When I found that I crossed that line, I looked at my hands to see if I was the same person. There was such glory over everything; the sun came like gold through the trees, and over the fields, and I felt like I was in Heaven."
She soon returned to Maryland to lead members of her family to freedom. Repeatedly returning to the South, she led approximately 70 people to safety. During the Civil War, she worked for the Union as a cook, nurse, laundress, scout and spy. To make money, she sold homemade pies and root beer. In 1863, she led a group of black soldiers and scouts on surveillance missions along the Southeastern seaboard and worked with Col. James Montgomery to lead a raid on the Combahee River in South Carolina in which 700 slaves were freed. Despite her service to the Union cause, she received no pay or compensation.
Harriet Tubman died in 1913. Just before her death, she told those gathered around her, "I go to prepare a place for you."
Henry Ward Beecher
Prominent Congregational minister, abolitionist and social reformer, Henry Ward Beecher embodied the transition of American Protestantism from stern Calvinism to a buoyant "gospel of love." One of 12 children, Henry's father was Lyman Beecher, the famous Presbyterian minister who preached a strict Calvinist orthodoxy. Religion pervaded every aspect of Henry's childhood: Church attendance, daily prayer and hymn singing were obligatory.
In 1847, Beecher was appointed minister of the new Plymouth Congregational Church in New York. His Sunday sermons drew the rich and famous. Abraham Lincoln commented that no one in history had "so productive a mind." Beecher coupled a flamboyant preaching style with a message that broke from the stern Calvinism that had held American Protestantism in its unforgiving embrace. Beecher taught the power of Christ's love: "It is Love the world wants. Higher than morality, higher than philanthropy, higher than worship, comes the love of God. That is the chiefest thing."
Deeply attuned to the progressive intellectual and social currents of the day, Beecher believed that religion must adapt to changing times. He extolled temperance, embraced women's suffrage and argued that Darwin's theory of evolution was compatible with the Bible. Beecher also advocated abolition. But his liberal sentiments did not extend to the working class. In his famous "Bread and Water" sermon, he proclaimed, "Men cannot live by bread alone, but the man who cannot live on bread and water is not fit to live."
Nat Turner
Born in 1800, Nat belonged to the Turners, white gentry who owned a prosperous farm. The Turners were attracted to Methodism, with its appealing message of free will and individual salvation. Determined that their slaves should have the chance to be saved, the Turners held prayer services and allowed their slaves to attend the local chapel on Sundays.
As a child, Nat was encouraged by his owner, Benjamin Turner, to read and study the Bible. According to Nat's version of his life story, many recognized from his earliest years that Nat Turner was "intended for some great purpose," certain that one day he would be a prophet. Nat studied the Old Testament, committing long passages to memory and heeding the words of the prophets. Working in the fields, he heard a voice call to him and became convinced that he had been chosen to carry out a divine mission. He began to exhort his fellow slaves, promising them that something big would happen one day.
Then came the visions: black and white spirits engaged in battle; the Savior with arms outstretched; drops of blood on corn; leaves with hieroglyphic characters and numbers. Finally he understood the meaning of the signs: "The Savior was about to lay down the yoke he had borne for the sins of men, and the great day of judgment was at hand." At 2:00 a.m. on Aug. 22 1831, Nat and 20 men killed the entire family of John Travis, Turner's new owner. Moving on, they hacked, stabbed, bludgeoned and shot approximately 60 unarmed white men, women and children. His men were eventually killed or captured. Turner himself was captured and imprisoned.
Nat Turner's legacy remains controversial. To some he is simply a cold-blooded killer who did not hesitate to slaughter innocent and unarmed whites. To others, he is a martyr who died for the cause of freedom. For still others, he stands in a long and distinguished line of prophets, men convinced they were chosen by God to fulfill a special destiny and divine purpose.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was a writer, thinker and philosopher who became the leading proponent of Transcendentalism, a movement that imbued the austere New England Unitarian tradition with elements of mysticism. After earning a degree at the Harvard Divinity School, he became an ordained Unitarian minister of Boston's Second Church in 1829. He fell into disagreements over the administration of communion and public prayer. After three years, he resigned his post, saying: "This mode of celebrating Christ is no longer suitable to me. That is reason enough why I should abandon it."
Emerson settled in Concord, Mass., and in 1836, he and his colleagues founded the Transcendental Club, which served as the center of the Transcendentalist movement. Refusing to acknowledge any authority beyond themselves, the Transcendentalists believed that each individual must make their own decisions about God, the human race and the world. Emerson declared that the Transcendentalist "believes in miracles, in the perpetual openness of the human mind to the new influx of light and power; he believes in inspiration and ecstasy."
In July 1838, Emerson was invited to address the graduating class at the Harvard Divinity School. In his specch, Emerson dismissed biblical miracles and claimed that while Jesus was a great man, he was not God. His comments created a firestorm; he was not invited back to the Divinity School for 30 years.
Emerson believed God was revealed through nature. Historian Grant Wacker describes Emerson's belief: "God was best understood as a spirit, an ideal, a breath of life; everywhere and always filling the world with the inexhaustible power of the divine presence.'"
Sojourner Truth
Born into slavery in in 1796, Sojourner Truth's experiences as a slave informed her later conversion to Methodism and her staunch commitment to abolition, women's rights and temperance. Truth, born with the name Isabella Baumfree, suffered under cruel masters.
In 1826 Truth was freed. She settled in New York City where she experienced a powerful, divine vision. During this conversion, she recognized that she -- and all other blacks and women -- deserved equal rights under the law. After this experience, Baumfree changed her name to Sojourner Truth and began what would be her life-defining work. Truth became a Methodist itinerant preacher, traveling the country and sharing her interpretation of the Scripture with its powerful message of reform and equality.
In 1851, Truth delivered her now-famous "Ain't I a Woman?" speech before the Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio: "I can't read, but I can hear. I have heard the Bible and have learned that Eve caused man to sin. Well, if woman upset the world, do give her a chance to set it right side up again." In addition to advocating for women's rights, Truth also campaigned for abolition. She postulated that all humans are equal in God's eyes and therefore should be equal on earth. For Truth, salvation was only available to those who had embraced abolition and equality.
Before her death in 1883, she said, "As I got older I found out that there wasn't no such thing as hell... And that the narrow stairs only showed the narrowness of the mind that conceived the picture. I have found out and know that God's brightness and goodness and glory is hot enough to scorch all the sinners in the world."
Garrison was a prominent and radical activist not only for abolition, but also for women's suffrage, temperance and pacifism. While his radicalism attracted some, Garrison's positions frightened many of the more moderate voices. On July 4, 1844, he publicly burned a copy of the Constitution. When the American Colonization Society failed to push for an immediate end to slavery, he broke with the organization. He co-founded the American Anti-Slavery Society and supported the admittance of women to the organization. Most male members protested, and the organization fractured. He quarreled publicly and broke with his former ally Frederick Douglass.
John Brown's failed raid at Harper's Ferry pushed Garrison's radicalism even further. In 1859, Garrison eulogized Brown's execution with a call for Northern secession from the Union: "By the dissolution of the Union we shall give the finishing blow to the slave system; and then God will make it possible for us to form a true, vital, enduring, all-embracing Union from the Atlantic to the Pacific -- one God to be worshiped, one Savior to be revered, one policy to be carried out -- freedom everywhere to all the people without regard to complexion or race -- and the blessing of God resting upon us all!" An avowed Unitarian, Garrison believed slavery to be in direct moral conflict with Scripture; America could only be pure if it was finally cleansed of slavery. Yet Garrison supported Abraham Lincoln's election and welcomed the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment that outlawed slavery forever in the United States.
Zora Neale Hurston: Claiming a Space
Meet the influential author and key figure of the Harlem Renaissance. Also a trained anthropologist, Hurston collected folklore throughout the South and Caribbean — reclaiming, honoring and celebrating Black life on its own terms.
Zora Neale Hurston: Claiming a Space (español)
Conozca a la influyente autora y figura clave del Renacimiento de Harlem. Hurston, quien también se había formado como antropóloga, recopiló el folclore del Sur de Estados Unidos y del Caribe, recuperando, honrando y celebrando la vida de la población negra en sus propios términos.
Riveted: The History of Jeans
Discover the fascinating story of this iconic American garment. From their roots in slavery to the Wild West, hippies, high fashion and hip-hop, jeans are the fabric on which the history of American ideology and politics is writ large.
Since the days when the Puritan "city on a hill" beckoned on the horizon of the New World, religious faith and belief have forged America's ideals, molded its identity and shaped its sense of mission at home and abroad.
Read about the Black Church in America in this feature written by Marilyn Mellowes. Mellowes was principally responsible for the research and development of the series God in America and has served as its series producer.
People and Ideas: Early American Individuals
How Early American individuals' religious ideas and spiritual experiences have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
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Elite Music News
Home News Pearl Jam Pearl Jam Gives First COVID-Era Performance on 'All In WA' Livestream
Pearl Jam Gives First COVID-Era Performance on 'All In WA' Livestream
Iván Medina junio 25, 2020 News, Pearl Jam,
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Pearl Jam's 2020 tour in support of its new album "Gigaton" was postponed before it began. But the Seattle band gave fans a first taste of what a live performance from "Gigaton" will sound like when it performed a socially distanced version of "Dance of the Clairvoyants" Wednesday night as part of the "All In WA: A Concert for COVID-19 Relief" livestream event.
"All In WA" also featured performances from Dave Matthews, Brandi Carlile, Macklemore, Death Cab For Cutie's Ben Gibbard, Ciara, Sir Mix-a-Lot and Allen Stone. It aired on Washington stations KREM, KING 5, KONG and KSKN, as well as on Amazon Prime.
In the video, which is available now on Pearl Jam's YouTube channel, each member of the band performs his role in isolation, with Eddie Vedder swirling around a room adorned with psychedelic lights and other odd props, bassist Jeff Ament tapping out the main synth parts from the control room of his Montana home studio and guitarist Mike McCready jamming out while decorated in glow-in-the-dark paint. Vedder's wife and daughters also make an appearance in the background of his scenes.
Additionally, the performance featured contributions from former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist Josh Klinghoffer, who was set to open the aborted Gigaton tour with his new Pluralone project. This is the first time Klinghoffer has been prominently featured in a "live" Pearl Jam performance.
"Dance of the Clairvoyants" was the first single released from "Gigaton" and turned heads with its new wave-flecked sound. Album producer Josh Evans told Variety earlier this year that at first, he was thrilled with the new direction but wondered, "How could this be on a Pearl Jam record? Then Ed came in and sang his parts, and it became a Pearl Jam song. For me, it validated the way we were working. If we could do that, we could do anything. It felt like we cracked the code after this song. It was really inspiring, certainly for me."
In other Pearl Jam news, the group earlier this week postponed its planned September appearance at Eddie Vedder's Ohana festival in Doheny Park, Ca., with the event now set to take place Sept. 24-26, 2021. All of the previously confirmed performers will be on hand for the new dates, including Kings of Leon, My Morning Jacket, the Pretenders, Maggie Rogers, Sharon Van Etten and Vedder himself.
Tags # News # Pearl Jam
About Iván Medina
By Iván Medina en junio 25, 2020
Etiquetas: News, Pearl Jam
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RAWA Photo Gallery:
The Afghan Freedom-loving Youth Group bring the sweet smell of the Arab Spring in Afghanistan!
The Afghan Freedom-loving Youth Group started a movement of slogan-writing and poster campaign in three different cities of Afghanistan a few days before the dark days of 28th and 27th. A group of youngsters, they claim to be "inspired by the Arab Spring, we want to bring the good news of the Afghanistan Spring to the gloomy atmosphere of our beloved homeland". They have claimed to continue their protests fearlessly and will succeed in freeing Afghanistan from invaders and warlords one day. The youth of Afghanistan cannot be kept in the dark despite the efforts of the US and its stooges, they will rise against the criminal warlords with the backing of our people and annihilate their Mafia-puppet regime! (Photos: www.facebook.com/AfghanYouthGroup)
IDPs in Kabul struggle to survive the bitter winters
February 12, 2012: This camp in the outskirts of Kabul is home to hundreds of IDPs who have escaped the brutal war of Taliban and foreign forces in Helmand. With the onset of winter, difficulties have doubled for them as they fight to fill their stomachs and live through the cold. They have fled to Kabul but hardly suffer any less in poverty and cold, as they did under the fire and bombs of foreign forces and IED attacks of the Taliban.
Snowfall brings misery upon the poor of Kabul
January 15, 2012: These photos were taken in the streets of Kabul after some episodes of snowfall. Today after ten years of the occupation of Afghanistan by US and allies and despite the influx of more than 60 billion USD in aid to Afghanistan, people can barely afford surviving the cruel winters, ending up either hungry or cold, thanks to a ultra corrupt Mafia government headed by fundamentalist criminals.
Deplorable condition of schools in villages in Northern Badakhshan
November 2011: These photos are taken in different villages of Badakhshan province but reflect the terrible conditions of school in almost all parts of Afghanistan. The Western media boasts of the establishment of schools and education for the people of Afghanistan, but ignore the bitter reality of its bad conditions despite billions of dollars of aid, as well as the security condition and poverty that hampers the education process for students.
Emergency Support of RAWA for the Drought-stricken people of Shar Shar village
RAWA distributed emergency aid items to the people of Shar Shar village, Chah Aab district, Takhar province on Dec. 12, 2011. The people had no harvest this year due to the drought and most of their animals also died. The small village is one of the most isolated villages of Takhar, a typical example of a poor neglected village, where people struggle everyday for survival.
War crime images the Pentagon doesn't want you to see
A so-called secret "kill team" of a group of US soldiers killed innocent Afghan civilians brutally, mutilated their dead bodies, took photos with them, circulated the photos among other soldiers and then covered the matter. Some went as far as to collecting the fingers of corpses as "trophy" of their kill. The Pentagon claimed the team was a "secret", "rogue unit" and operated independently, but a recent investigation by the Rolling Stone shows that such actions were no secret and done and then discussed openly and freely. Due to lack of accountability and negligence by senior Army officials the "kill team" killed and attempted to kill numerous times.
(Note: The gallery contains graphic content. Viewer discretion is advised. Some photos have not been given for being extremely graphic. For the complete gallery click here: http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/photos/the-kill-team-photos-20110327)
Self-immolation among Afghan Women
In the last six months alone, over 250 women have committed suicide in the country (IRIN News, August 21, 2007). Based on the figures given by the Ibn-e Sina Emergency Hospital in Kabul more than 600 incidents of suicide attempts have been referred to this hospital during the past 12 months (Quqnoos, March 26, 2009). Through early October, 75 women arrived with burns, most self-inflicted (in the Herat burn hospital), others only made to look that way. That is up nearly 30 percent from last year (The New York Times, November 8, 2010).
Writing slogans on walls of Kabul, a new form of resistance!
December 2, 2010: People in Kabul, fed up with the dirty Karzai government and the criminals in it, showed their hatred by writing slogans on walls all over Kabul. This wave of resistance co-incided with the fraud-ridden Parliamentary elections that took place in October 2010 in which many criminals, druglords and mafia took part. Instead of being persecuted in international courts many of these lackeys of foreign countries are enjoying power in the Parliament.
Afghans express their anger to criminals by attacking their election posters
Afghan parliamentary election is due in September, the list of candidates includes hundreds of warlords and those accused of war crimes and brutalities against Afghan people. Many of them still have their armed groups and are engaged in looting and killing. Although Afghan election law stops such people from running for parliament, but despite many complaints registered by people against them, no warlord or criminal was stopped by election commission. Now Afghans express their anger by tearing or throwing red color on the election posters of known criminals. Here we have collected photos of a number of such posters.
US Special Forces brutally kill 10 Afghan civilians in Narang
On Dec.27, 2009, at around 2:30 of mid night, US Special Forces raided Ghazi Khan Ghondi village of Narang District in Kunar province of Afghanistan. They enter the civilian houses and kill ten civilians, among them eight were school boys, one a poor farmer and a 12-year-old rancher. They all have been shot in the head.
Although the US occupation forces denied any involvement, but Kai Eide, special UN representative announced in a press conference that the "international forces" were engaged in the incident and "a preliminary United Nations investigation has found that eight students were among 10 Afghan civilians killed in Kunar province."
Also the photos taken by Special Forces from the dead bodies on the crime scene are included in this gallery which are obtained by RAWA through its supporters in Afghanistan.
Miserable life of IDPs in makeshift Kabul camp
Tens of thousands of people from Helmand, Zabul and Uruzgan provinces have been displaced from their villages as a result of the US/NATO bombardments and Taliban insurgency. Over 700 families are living in a IDPs camp in Charahi Qambar area of Kabul. The livings conditions of people in this camp are deplorable and they say neither government nor any NGO provide help to them so their children are starving. A RAWA team visited the camp to survey for aid distribution and found the conditions horrible.
US troops massacre over 147 civilians in Farah Afghanistan
Over 147 innocent civilians, many of them women and children, were massacred when US war planes bombed villages of Gerani and Gangabad in Bala Baluk district of Farah Province on May 4, 2009.
This is one out of many war crime cases committed by the US troops in Afghanistan over the past few years. The number of innocent civilians killed since Obama took office in Jan.21, reaches to 300 and his so-called "new" strategy for Afghanistan and surge in number of troops has resulted in more such terrible tragedies.
Paghman: Yesterday and Today
The Emperor Babur described Paghman as 'one of the most desirable places in Kabul' in the 16th century. During King Amanullah (1919-1929), it was made summer capital and many beautiful public buildings and palaces were built under his auspices, with the assistance of European gardeners, architects and sculptors. Paghman was a favorite place for many people and it was a picnic venue for Afghans and tourists.
But in the past decades of war, like other riches of Afghanistan, Paghman also lost its beauty and was changed into the stronghold of a fundamentalist criminal warlord Abdul Rab Rasul Sayyaf. From 1992-96, in the inter-fundamentalists fighting many of the buildings in Paghman were destroyed. People of Paghman are still deeply suffering under the inhuman rule of Sayyaf and his brutal gunmen.
Here we present a collection of photos taken in the past and compare it with the photos taken in 2004 by RAWA.
Afghanistan under Jehadi rule - 1992-1996
Dark days of Kabul under the Jehadi dog-eat-dog when over 75,000 people were killed and the city was changed into ashes.
The Plight of Afghan Children
Afghan children in Kabul living in disastrous conditions
They are Responsible for Afghanistan's Tragedy
This is an incomplete list of some Afghan so-called politicians. Each one of them has been involved, to a different degree, in corruption, brutalities, spying for foreign powers, war crimes, treason, demagogy.... They are the trouble-makers of Afghanistan today.
This list can hold many more names in it and we will try to complete it in future.
Latest in RAWANews:
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Series of explosions target police in Kabul; at least 4 dead
December 26, 2020 :: RSS :: Print :: Email
At least 9 dead as car bomb rocks Afghanistan's capital, Kabul
Afghan Blast Kills 15, All Children: Officials
Investigative Reporting Details Massacres, Reign of Terror by US-Backed Death Squads in Afghanistan
Gunmen kill female TV anchor, driver in Afghanistan
Report Blames Trump Admin for 330% Rise in Afghan Civilian Casualties
December 7, 2020 :: RSS :: Print :: Email
876 Civilians Killed in Afghanistan in Three Months: Report
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RAWA Homepage :: More reports from Afghanistan :: RAWA Photo Gallery


Bushy Hill Day Camp is located on 700+ acres. Our grounds include beautiful forests, active wetlands, and miles of hiking trails. There are winding streams, hidden ponds, rocky ridges, and caves waiting to be discovered including a mile long spring fed lake in which summer campers can swim under the supervision of certified lifeguards. For over 30 years we have been sharing our natural world with children of all ages.
Daily activities include team building using our ropes course, hiking, tracking, swimming, identification, and exploring of the vast natural surroundings.
All Bushy Hill staff members undergo an extensive application and training process to gain employment. Our summer team is comprised of active, intelligent, and enthusiastic people. We strive to employ people who currently teach in school systems or who would someday teach in school systems.
Safety is our number one goal at Bushy Hill. There are certified lifeguards, cpr, first aid, archery, boating, and ropes course administrators on staff. Each staff is trained in confllict resolution, classroom management, and positive interactions.


text:
Q: Forward ref in HOC I see this example in React docs. - https://reactjs.org/docs/forwarding-refs.html#forwarding-refs-in-higher-order-components
function logProps(Component) {
  class LogProps extends React.Component {
    componentDidUpdate(prevProps) {
      console.log('old props:', prevProps);
      console.log('new props:', this.props);
    }

    render() {
      const {forwardedRef, ...rest} = this.props;
      return <Component ref={forwardedRef} {...rest} />; //shouldn't this be wrapped by forwardRef again?
    }
  }

  return React.forwardRef((props, ref) => {
    return <LogProps {...props} forwardedRef={ref} />;
  });
}

The ref is forwarded to LogProps but not to the <Component ref={forwardedRef} ...
To set ref to a button inside Component, shouldn't it be wrapped by a forwardRef again?
How does ref get set to button inside Component? Isn't the ref getting set to the Component and not to button inside Component?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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...is a new townhouse project currently under construction at Westgate Ave in Prince George, British Columbia. The project has a total of 36 units.
Great solid home Highglen area. Updating is needed to make this home yours. Bring your creativity. Large yard. All measurements are approximate.


text:
elpais.com Go back Open original
Pioneering study finds more than 200,000 rats in Barcelona's sewers
Many urban legends hold that there are more sewer rats than people in any given city, but there is no scientific basis for this claim. The fact is, very few of the world's large metropolises have attempted to tally the number of rodents running around their underground networks. But Barcelona has just become one of the pioneers.
Preliminary results from the Catalan capital's first census show one sewer rat for every seven local residents, according to a report by the Barcelona Public Health Agency to which EL PAÍS has had access.
Pest-control employees, sanitation workers and people who go to parks often, especially children, are the main groups at risk of infections
María Teresa Galán, parasitologist
Technicians from this city agency and experts from a pest control company called Lokímica carried out the study in 2017, analyzing 63 representative sections of the city's sewer system for a total of 1,648 kilometers. Thirty traps were set in each sector and checked daily for four consecutive nights. This yielded a figure of around 107,000 rats living inside the more than thousand kilometers of accessible tunnels. By extrapolating that number to the entire sewer system, experts arrived at a figure of 0.13 rodents for every resident of Barcelona, or 213,000 sewer rats in total.
The study, which was headed by Sandra Franco, noted that this is a higher density than in the US city of Baltimore (0.08 rats per person), but lower than New York (0.25).
Two sewer rats. Lokímica
"The sewers are a parallel world. And gaining access to them is very complex from a logistics viewpoint: many sections are not accessible, others require stopping traffic up at street level, and you need toxic-gas detectors and very strict safety protocols," explains the biologist Rubén Bueno, the technical director of Lokímica. His company conducts pest control work in Madrid, Valencia, Alicante, Murcia, Palma de Mallorca and Barcelona.
Large cities typically make ballpark estimates of their rat populations based on indirect indicators, such as citizen alerts and rat-poison consumption. "The precision achieved by the Barcelona project had never been achieved before in Spain," says Bueno.
Disease carriers
The biologist Tomás Montalvo has headed the first bacteriological study of Barcelona's rats, as part of the same pest-control program designed by the Public Health Agency. The report, titled BCNRATS, analyzed 212 specimens caught inside the tunnels and found that 71% were carrying strains of the bacteria Escherichia coli that are resistant to some antibiotics. Another bacteria, Listeria monocytogenes — which causes miscarriages in pregnant women and meningitis in children – was found in 59% of the rats.
"The risk of human exposure to these pathogens is an important public-health problem," concluded the team led by Montalvo. Their analysis also found Yersinia enterocolitica in 18% of rats, Leptospira interrogans in 12%; Salmonella enterica in 7%, and Campylobacter jejuni in another 7% of rats. All of these bacteria can be passed to humans and cause dangerous infectious diseases such as leptospirosis.
A team from the Barcelona Public Health Agency going down a manhole. ASPB
Yet bacteria are not the only threat to public health, warns the parasitologist María Teresa Galán, of Valencia University. This researcher has analyzed the innards of around a hundred rats caught in Barcelona's sewer system, and found that 85% of the animals had worm infestations. Some cases were of particular concern: 17% of the specimens were carrying Hymenolepis nana, a parasite whose eggs can be ingested by humans, leading to intestinal worms of up to four centimeters in length. Another 17% of rats were carrying Calodium hepaticum, another parasite that lives in people's livers.
"Pest control employees, sanitation workers and people who go to parks often, especially children, are the main groups at risk of infections," warns Galán's team in the specialized publication Veterinary Parasitology. This is the first study of its kind in Spain, its authors say. "In parks and gardens the risk of infection is very low, but every year someone 'wins the big lottery prize'," says the researcher.
Sewer rats or Norway rats, known scientifically as Rattus norvegicus, arrived in Spain from China in the 19th century, and now live in the entire territory. The females are breeding machines that reach sexual maturity at eight weeks of age. After that, they can have up to seven litters in a single year, with 11 to 14 young to a litter. Some specimens have been known to grow to the size of a rabbit, proving too intimidating even for cats.
English version by Susana Urra.


Duotone is a halftone reproduction of an image using the superimposition of one contrasting color halftone (traditionally black) over another color halftone. This is most often used to bring out middle tones and highlights of an image. Duotone Colors are very popular nowadays & it's being widely used in print & web media.
Add 125 completely different trending Duotone effects to your photos.


I can't believe that I've already been back from the beach for a week! Time flies when you're a mama to three teens and new puppy!
Time for my weekly round-up of faves!
One of the items that my hubby found made his and Miss Sunshine's trip across the bridge and to the seashore much easier. It was a SUP/Surfboard carrier strap. It made it possible for them to distribute the weight and not have to try to get their arm under it or carry it over their heads. Miss Sunshine commented numerous times on how wonderful this addition was for her toting of her surfboard.
This fave is more about my journey toward body positivity. It was the main bathing suit that I wore for my week at the beach. The bottoms are DKNY from a tankini set that I have and the top is J. Crew that I picked up at the J. Crew Clearance Store (which has sadly closed) a year or two ago.
Wearing a bikini has been a journey for me. I loved my body from ages 17-21, maybe even before that. Even though I was a late bloomer I wasn't overly bothered by that. I had the Big Mr. (my firstborn) at 22, Mr. D (my 2nd child) at 23, and Miss Sunshine (my 3rd child) at 26.
I really didn't think much too much about my body changes. Yes, there were some stretch marks and my belly didn't look exactly the same, but it wasn't until I saw a photo of me in a bikini playing with an 18-month-old Miss Sunshine that I was bothered by my body. I decided at that point that I was not going to wear another bikini in public.
At 30, I took out the belly piercing that I had worn for the past 10 years and decided my belly would never be seen.
Not in a midriff and definitely not in a bikini.
Last year, after having been on my health and yoga journey for about a year, I began to feel more confident in my body. Sure, the stretch marks are still there and I still don't like how my belly looks when I stand sideways to the mirror, but not wearing a bikini because I felt ashamed of my body began to bother me more than anything. And so last year, I wore a bikini in public for the first time in about 10 years. And this year, I wore it more.
It is still a journey. You will not find photos of me in it. There was some last year and when I saw them, it brought up feelings that I don't want to have for myself. So I choose to feel confident and continue the process of beginning to love my body… where it is today… strong.
While we were down in Carolina Beach, we took a day trip over to Southport. Since we already knew that we would be picking up Maverick, our new Goldendoodle, Miss Sunshine wanted to find him a collar. We found this collar at a little boutique. Unfortunately, somebody was a little eager to clean out my Jeep. And they threw away the business card that named the maker of this cute Starfish dog collar.
It was such a touching gesture. For the dog that we lost and receiving it so shortly after the one we've gained. But also because we sponsor two boys in Africa. One through World Vision and one through Compassion. And I see what a difference animals make in their lives. The project that the boy we sponsored for many years through World Vision reached the point of no longer needing World Vision last year. I will never forget the photo that I have with him and a cow and supplies for a school, showing that even the smallest things we do make a difference in people's lives.
I also returned to the library for some more books to encourage my simplicity/minimalism/decluttering journey. I have some on hold, but these are the two that I am currently reading. However, I started two because SoulSpace by Xorin Balbes encourages a process of going through spaces in a way that isn't accomplished in a day. I'm also reading Simple Matters by Erin Boyle, who I discovered upon reading the book, also has the blog Reading My Tea Leaves.
Interestingly, her intro begins about talking about how many minimalists narratives begin with too much. And about how hers did not. I found it interesting because I am beginning with too much, but I also feel like my desire comes from the roots of my childhood where there was enough, but never too much. A very simplistic childhood filled with imagination and days in the sunshine.
I hope you all have an amazing weekend filled with love and sunshine!!
I love your blog. It's inspiring – something to aim towards once again with my own writing. I love your honesty with the bikini story.
I think of my body like a gift, a tool, and as I age, and um, lose things or however we should phrase it, I appreciate it all the more. It's still pretty amazing from an ability perspective. I try not to take it for granted.
I no longer own a kini. I last wore one in the summer of 2010, but when the surf was high, I decided I needed more, er, security, so to speak. I've taken to my red retro suit, which makes me feel feminine and free. 🙂 It's all about how we feeeeeeel.
You know, it's weird the psychological effects of environments growing up. My parents were fresh day shoppers, and I like to be stocked up like a blizzard's comin. My mother loves glass and brass and finery and elegance, and I like to be casual, lots of wood and cotton. I often wonder if it's authentic or rebellion. But this is true of all of us, we follow or oppose in almost every way possible, but the joys of choosing are delightful when we recognize our own needs.
I am learning to appreciate my body. It has done an amazing job of being receptive to every single thing that I put it through!
I had some issues with bikinis last year. I will not surf in one… between irritation from the board and trying to cover my head to avoid being hit by the board when falling under water… needing to hold my bathing suit in place and having to double check that everything was still "in hiding" before I stood up was just too much! But yes, it is how we feel! I love a good retro one piece, but my reason for not wearing a bikini was why I began to refuse to succumb to it.


2 ERJ135 Embraer Legacy 600 Business Jets.
Started in 1982 as an Aircraft Sales company. Twinjet now specialises in aircraft charters, and the marketing, acquisition and operational management of business jet aircraft. Also provides Aircraft Management Services.


Gynecomastia, which is a condition characterized by excessively large male breasts, can cause serious physical and psychological side effects. Men that are struggling with gynecomastia may be interested in male breast reduction, a potentially life changing procedure.
Read on as San Diego plastic surgeon Dr. Carlos Chacon highlights some of the ways male breast reduction can boost confidence and improve quality of life.
The most immediate and noticeable benefit of male breast reduction is that it creates a flatter and firmer chest. Excessive tissue and loose skin are removed and the remaining skin is tightened to give the chest a more classically masculine looking contour.
Men with gynecomastia often avoid wearing tight-fitting shirts and jackets because of their condition. They may be relegated to wearing baggy and formless clothing, and reluctant to take their shirt off at the pool or beach. After surgery, patients can wear any style shirt or jacket they like, including slim-fitting shirts and jackets, because all styles are more flattering on their newly sculpted chest. They can also go shirtless as they please.
A large chest with excess tissue and folds of skin can make it difficult to stay active through exercise, sports and other physical activities. Many men that have male breast reduction find that not only is it easier to exercise and play sports, but they are more motivated to stay in shape after seeing their improved chest contour.
Some men with oversized breasts may hunch over because of the heaviness of the chest. They may develop a rounding in the upper spine, poor core strength and even pain or discomfort. Male breast reduction eliminates the majority of the excess tissue which in turn improves posture.
Men with gynecomastia may have troubling thoughts running through their mind every day — they may worry about how they look, what they should wear and whether other people notice their chest. Having male breast reduction offers relief from these stressful and anxious thoughts for an overall better state of mind.
If you struggle with gynecomastia and this post hasn't convinced you that male breast reduction can improve your quality of life, Dr. Chacon welcomes you to book a consultation to learn more. Call or email Divino Plastic Surgery today to make your appointment.


Remember how whenever an audience that you were in applauded there'd always be this last clap that someone tried to sneak in? Would you be one of those people that try to make the last clap?
I did that a lot when I was a kid.
I never realised anyone did that. The thing that was always popular at my school was that kind of akward really slow starting clap that you would see in the movies that builds up faster and faster until everyone is clapping loud.
I would often try to either be the loudest, or the first to clap, not the last though, I'd often stop first actually.
I don't understand your reason for doing this. I generally quit clapping as soon as I sense that the noise has begun to drop off from its peak.
No. I stop clapping well before everyone else has. I don't like clapping.
Unless we're talking clam claps.
I make sure I am not that person. :p I always thought they were either attention-whores or just didn't know when to stop clapping.
I never clapped at all. I would sit there with a dour look and grumble. Not kidding. I hate assemblies or ceremonies or anywhere where I am supposed to be part of a <del>herd of cattle</del> audience.
Clearly there was a clerical error in awarding me the Misanthrope of the Month Award this month.
I was unaware of such a game.
I used to do that when I was little. I stopped trying before most others, though.
Someone should make a show out of that. The person who stopped last would win prizes.
Yes, I am always last clapper.
It became very difficult, especially after the presentations began, since I would think I finished it, and then my friend would be eyeing my eagerly, lightly clapping his hands together.
We would silently clap for an entire hour or more, trying to be the final clapper.
Winning made it all worth it! And if I had to go back, I'd do it all over again. I regret nothing!
no, i never do that.
They was always those moment's where i would make an odd clap a few minute's after the clapping would stop.
What about, whoever claps first?
gawsh am proud of myself. . .
I prefer the 'Loudest clap" game imo.
I didn't care for such things much, usually.
I did that sometimes when I was little. But when I grew up it was just too uncomfortable to do it. xD After every time I did it, it felt awkward. But the "first clap" game is fun sometimes.
At school. Yeah. It's fun!


text:
Q: Как сохранить положение ToggleButton? Как сохранить положение ToggleButton, при удаление из оперативной памяти телефона?
То есть когда я нажимаю на ToggleButton и ухожу из приложения, а после закрываю все запущенные приложения, то он должен сохранить положение ToggleButton при последующем входе в приложение.
Вот на всякий случай код:
ToggleButton toggle = (ToggleButton) findViewById(R.id.ToggleButton);
        toggle.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
            public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
                if (isChecked) {
                    AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_YES);
                    onRestart();
                } else {
                    AppCompatDelegate.setDefaultNightMode(AppCompatDelegate.MODE_NIGHT_NO);
                    onRestart();
                }
            }
        });

A: Для таких вещей есть SharedPreference.
Флоу будет примерно такой:

*

*Запускаете приложение

*Где-нибудь в onCreate() Activity чекаете префы

*Если там null то ставите тогл в состояние по умолчанию. В противном случае берете значение оттуда.

*При любом изменении состояния тогла записываете его в префы.

Здесь есть Урок по SharedPreference.


text:
1 million people attend pro-independence rally
Internacional - 11/09/2017 - 23:07
Impressive turnout for key demonstration before October 1 referendum
Imagen 1 de 1 - ANC
1 million people from all over Catalonia gathered today in Barcelona for the annual September 11 pro-independence protest, according to police figures.
The city's streets began filling up early in the afternoon as the thousands of people registered to take part in the September 11 pro-independence demonstration, organised by the Catalan National Assembly (ANC) and Òmnium Cultural, prepared themselves for the big moment.
Shortly after midday, hundreds of buses began to arrive in Barcelona carrying an army of protesters armed with signs, Catalan flags, and wearing pro-independence T-shirts, all ready to take part in the the rally, which began at 5:15pm. According to figures provided by ANC and Òmnium, up to 1,800 buses from towns all over Catalonia made the journey to the capital.
More than an hour before the rally was set to begin, the city's streets were already flooded in a sea of bright yellow, with people of all ages wearing the protest's official fluorescent t-shirts coming together in a peaceful demonstration for freedom from Spanish governance.
After a one minute's silence held in remembrance of the victims of the Barcelona and Cambrils terrorist attacks, the demonstration was officially underway. Spirits were high as the atmosphere changed from one of anticipation to eager excitement and optimism, with hopes high for a positive result in the coming referendum on October 1.
"Voting has never been a crime"
Jordi Cuixart · President of Òmnium Cultural
Four massive banners with messages for peace, independence and liberty, were passed along by the protesters in a show of unity.
Children, parents, grandparents, and great granparents joined together in the shape of an enormous plus at the junction of two of the busiest streets in the center of Barcelona, representing a positive sign for democracy and freedom.
"Voting has never been a crime," President of Òmnium Cultural, Jordi Cuixart, addressed the crowd of thousands. "In spite of their fears and threats, we have our own laws based on international legislation. The Spanish courts no longer defend the collective interests of the Catalan people… They want to silence democracy."
Nobel Peace Prize Laureate and representative of the Tunisian Human Rights League, Ahmed Galai was also present. A key supporter of Catalan independence, he inspired crowds with his discourse stating that "referendum is democracy."
After key speeches made by organisers and pro-independence politicians, crowds began to disperse at around 7pm.
Visitors from other countries...
Not only did Catalans who want independence attend the demonstration, but so did visitors from all around the world — some were fully supportive of the political cause, while others were compelled by the size of the crowd and the joy and intensity of the atmosphere.
"I love it. It's crazy! We don't really do anything like this in England, not even for Saint George's day," said Ali Jones, who joined her Catalan boyfriend to celebrate the Diada. "The only thing I can compare it with is when the World Cup is on and you're supporting your country. It kind of feels like that."
Indeed, it was quite common to see Catalans accompanied by their international partners. That's the case of Cristopher Boone, from the United States, who had spent two months in the country and was leaving the following day. "It's a well organized manifestation. I think it's well done," he said, after comparing it to other protests he had previously attended. "It's nice that it's not organized by a single political power and that the people organize it a lot. And it's popular, there's a lot of people here, that's encouraging."
Boone also referred to the history of the celebration: the defeat in the 1714 War of Succession against the Spanish army, who supported the heirs of the Bourbon crown which was in turn supported by France; Catalonia, then part of the Crown of Aragon, was allied with the English, the Austrians and the Dutch, and supported the archduke Charles. After losing the war, Catalonia's institutions were abolished.
"It's ironic but also interesting that the day of the manifestation is the day that Catalonia lost its independence against the state of Spain. But this is also maybe important for generating popular support and the awareness that what's to be gained now is independence from an oppressive power," Boone said.
… and visitors from other ages
Some visitors even seemed to come from the past. Dressed in period costume and wearing three-cornered hats, the Miquelets de Catalunya recreate the look of the soldiers who defended Catalonia in the Succession War. "We fought 300 years ago with guns, with muskets," said Ramon Passolas, the association's secretary, who really got into character. "But today we fight with the reason and our vote."
Autor: ACN


we can find the right style that suits you.
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life. We'll make sure you look amazing and feel fabulous.
one of the big girls and be the princess she is.
Flowers, Beads, Pearls, Jewels, ect.
Why waste your money on a crown that will wilt away, when you can savor your handmade floral hair crown forever.


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text:
The West Wyalong Advocate is a weekly, English language newspaper published in West Wyalong, New South Wales, Australia.  It has previously been titled The Wyalong Advocate and Mining, Agricultural and Pastoral Gazette.

History

The paper began in 1900 as The Wyalong Advocate and Mining, Agricultural and Pastoral Gazette was published by George R. Porter.  This publication ceased in February 1928 and became The West Wyalong Advocate which it remains today. It also absorbed The Wyalong Star and Temora and Barmedman Advertiser at this time.

In more recent times, drought and economic downturn during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the paper changing from bi-weekly to weekly production. In 2020 the paper was offered for sale when the Bradley family of nearby Temora but a buyer was not found. In a front page story The West Wyalong Advocate announced its final issue would be published on 23 December 2020 and the paper would close. Evolution Mining, which has a gold operation at nearby Lake Cowal, consulted with owners, community stakeholders and Bland Shire Council to find a way to revive the paper while retaining its independence. This resulted in the formation of the West Wyalong Advocate Foundation, a not-for-profit organisation with an independent board of directors and many of the original staff. After a four-month hiatus, The West Wyalong Advocate was again published in May 2021.

Digitisation
Issues of the paper from March 1928 to December 1954 have been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project hosted by the National Library of Australia.

Owners and editors
The West Wyalong Advocate was independently owned from 1986 to December 2020 by the Bradley family, who also owned The Temora Independent. From 2022 it was printed and published by Heatherbelle Vearing for The West Wyalong Advocate Foundation.

Editors of The West Wyalong Advocate have included Ron Cooper, Garry Shaw, Terence Cunningham and Heatherbelle Vearing. The paper is a member of the Country Press Association.

See also
 List of newspapers in New South Wales
 List of newspapers in Australia

References

External links

Bibliography
Country conscience : a history of the New South Wales provincial press, 1841-1995 / by Rod Kirkpatrick, Canberra City, A.C.T. : Infinite Harvest Publishing, 2000
Looking good : the changing appearance of Australian newspapers / by Victor Isaacs, for the Australian Newspapers History Group, Middle Park, Qld. : Australian Newspaper History Group, 2007.
Press timeline : Select chronology of significant Australian press events to 2011 / Compiled by Rod Kirkpatrick for the Australian Newspaper History Group
Australian Newspaper History : A Bibliography / Compiled by Victor Isaacs, Rod Kirkpatrick and John Russell, Middle Park, Qld. : Australian Newspaper History Group, 2004.
Newspapers in Australian libraries : a union list. 4th ed.

Newspapers published in New South Wales
Newspapers on Trove

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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See Comedy Girl Class grads perform their best stuff next Tuesday night at the Comedy Girl Class Recital!
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In light of the recent Muslim Ban, this line-up of brilliant, local Muslim comedians will share their stories so their voices can be heard, supported and celebrated.
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Charlie Rose off the air over alleged sexual misconduct
Charlie Rose is facing swift backlash from broadcast networks Monday after lurid allegations were launched against him by staffers.
CBS has suspended him from "60 Minutes" — and both PBS and Bloomberg will discontinue their nightly airing of "Charlie Rose" — following the report published by The Washington Post.
PBS said in a statement that they were "shocked to learn today of these deeply disturbing allegations."
"We are immediately suspending distribution of "Charlie Rose," they added.
PBS added, however, that Rose's show is independently produced and not funded or supervised by the network.
In a statement, Bloomberg said: "We are deeply disturbed to learn of these allegations and are immediately suspending the show from airing on Bloomberg TV."
At CBS — where Rose serves as a correspondent for "60 Minutes" — sources said his days were numbered.
"This is pretty bad, we don't think he can come back from this," a source said.
"He has been suspended, and it appears to be likely that more allegations could come out in the coming days, from current or former CBS employees."
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The curious case of Britney Spears' voice: Where did it go?
by James Dinh
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It has been almost two decades since Britney Spears burst onto the scene, becoming a worldwide phenomenon for her catchy pop tunes, sex appeal and all-American charm. But wait — shouldn't a singer be known for their voice, you ask? The answer is no. Well, not in Britney Spears' case as she was, is and never will be known for her singing. It simply isn't her strong suit.
Related story Britney Spears Just Took Legal Action to Prevent Sister Jamie Lynn From Talking About Her in Interviews
The conversation surrounding Spears' vocal abilities surfaced earlier this week when a vocal warm-up of her Britney Jean standout "Alien" hit the blogosphere. On the leaked audio, which is an unfiltered vocal warm-up, Spears sings the tale of being an outsider and not fitting in, and homegirl definitely doesn't sound too hot, so what gives?
During her childhood, Spears undoubtedly had a very strong voice; it had depth, strength and even captured the attention of Star Search judges. I mean, she wouldn't compete in a singing competition if she couldn't even carry a tune.
www.youtube.com/embed/QhwFIJcxvHY
Fast forward years later and our Brit Brit would continue to show off strong vocals during her debut years, especially on her very first LP …Baby One More Time. But as time went on, and the choreography intensified, Spears' vocals began to diminish in strength, the lip-syncing increased and the slobber of auto-tune started getting heavier and heavier. Factor in her smoking, inconsistent live performances and you basically have the current state of Spears' voice.
www.youtube.com/embed/hsqIWJZLx5A
So what's a fair interpretation of Spears' voice? It's probably best heard on her latest single "Perfume." After one quick listen of the pop ballad, it's clear this is her present-day voice without all the heavy textures, overwhelming auto-tune and multiple layers of her own voice. This is Britney Spears singing. She's utilizing her lower register, showing off some genuine vulnerability, and providing us with what is probably her best vocal in years.
www.youtube.com/embed/_rxgp7TJhUE
And yet, even though her vocal strengths have decreased throughout the years, there's still something to hearing a Britney Spears track. You know it's her right off the bat. There's no question whether she's cooing, purring or giving her best belt. You know it's Britney, b****.
Aside from her recognizable tone, Spears can still convincingly pull off several singing hats. Whether she wants to act seductive ("I'm a Slave 4 U"), vulnerable ("Everytime") or heartfelt ("My Baby"), B is a vocal chameleon, if you will. She'll never pull off the strongest vocal compared to her peers. She'll probably never satisfy her detractors, who claim she can't sing. But at this point in the game, she'll also probably not try to please anyone but herself.
www.youtube.com/embed/-A_T9dP22-M


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The CIPC Compliance Checklist Part 1
What is all the fuss about? The CIPC changed the requirements of the Compliance checklist on the 6th March 2020 which became compulsory for all companies to complete starting on 1 January 2020.
By: Mark Silberman B.Acc. C.A.(SA) Accfin Software (Pty) Ltd
The CIPC in its latest notice has suspended companies who are not audited or whose financials are not independently reviewed from doing the checklist, it appears because of all the complaints. The checklist requires directors to confirm if they have complied with 24 sections of the companies act, by ticking Yes, No or N/A. e.g. Have you complied that with S4?
Mark Silberman
Why are there so many complaints about a form that should take less than 10 minutes. Why has the company secretarial community fussed about the compliance checklist for small companies? Is this because they have not complied with company law provisions or because they think it's too much work. Don't professionals want to earn fees?
The new companies act has made many things easier and has reduced auditing for smaller companies. It is also more flexible for different types of companies with custom-built Memorandums of Incorporation or MOI's. Most companies in South Africa don't need to be audited because they have a low Public Interest Score which is calculated on set criteria contained in the company regulations, mostly based on size. Some companies volunteer to be audited or financiers insist that they are audited. The act has modernised many things and has provisions that try and protect all stakeholders in a company, not only shareholders but employees and creditors. There are also provisions that protect minorities against abuse. It's not perfect but certainly better than we have had before.
Corruption is endemic and has been carried out by everyone, government, big business and of course small business. In order for our country to grow and create jobs, corruption has to be stamped out. I don't have to tell about the effect of corruption on all citizens, we see it daily in South Africa.
Let me be clear, it does not matter what type of company you have, the companies act applies to your company no matter how small or how large.
Let's deal with the situation before we knew about the compliance form checklist. The new 2008 Companies Act which came into being on 1 May 2011, the provisions of which are quite easy to read and easy to understand. Before the compliance checklist, directors should have still understood the companies act and should have made sure that their company was compliant according to the companies act, and if they were not able to, they should have sought the help of their accountants or the accountant's secretarial practitioners. Good company secretarial practitioners made sure their clients complied.
Let's take this a step further, during this prior period (before 1 January) did accountants not advise their clients accordingly about company law? Did they not advise them about a distribution when one took place? Did they know what a distribution was? Did they not advise them about a share register that they didn't have and did they not help them fix it? What did they do about directors' debit loans, did they just leave them because they did not think it was a distribution? What was the position where there was a fundamental transaction and the fact that a small private company could be defined as a regulated company? Did they not know these facts and ignored their compliance responsibilities? It seems that many of them did know about all these things, that is the only explanation that I have for this furore.
The point I am making is what is the big deal about doing a check list to test a company's company law compliance that would take less than 10 minutes, or is it because the accountants and secretarial practitioners did not do their jobs for smaller companies? It can only be a big deal if there was no compliance in the past as no one was checking.
The real issue is that the compliance form is just the tip of the iceberg and points to various aspects of company law that no one knows about.
For more information, visit: www.accfin.co.za
Tel: 0861 ACCFIN (0861 222 346) / +27 11 262 4033
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Lisburn firm says remote working initiative boosted staff morale
Home » Latest news » Press & media » Lisburn firm says remote working initiative boosted staff morale
A local financial life planning firm closed its headquarters for a full month recently as all staff took the decision to work remotely.
The team at AKFP Group, which comprises eight staff members, left their office in Lisburn on June 30 and spent the next four weeks working away from the office.
Having streamlined all systems, they were able to access everything required from the cloud to service clients as normal. Calls into the office were shared and diverted to an allocated mobile and clients were made aware so that face-to-face appointments were scheduled the month prior as part of a planning phase.
Director and Chartered Financial Planner, Roger Kennedy, commented: "All of our clients and the whole team were really supportive of the initiative. All client queries were dealt with efficiently and in line with our service levels. Working remotely enabled my team to spend more time with their loved ones and get out on a summer's day – providing they had completed their task list!"
The firm says it is planning to roll out the 'one month remote working initiative' again next year as the morale of the team was lifted.
James Gordon, Technical Manager, commented: "I was able to spend more time with my family, which as a result gave me an increased drive to deliver for clients and complete my daily tasks. There is a high level of trust in the office and it's a great feeling to be given the flexibility to do this. We did have to visit the office occasionally to review post, but that wasn't a problem."
Working remotely is a growing trend within the SME arena, with strong arguments for and against.
In the case of AKFP Group, usual restrictions were minimised due to a cloud based project management system, which aided the effectiveness of remote working. All staff worked collaboratively for a positive outcome for their clients and reaped the benefits of being able to change venues, eradicate long commutes into the office and above all, increase the happiness of employees.
Aiken Kennedy Financial Planning is the trading name of AKFP Ltd which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (http://www.fsa.gov.uk/register/home.do). Financial Services Register No: 176477.
The Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS) is an agency for arbitrating on unresolved complaints between regulated firms and their clients. Full details of the FOS can be found on its website at www.financial-ombudsman.org.uk.
AKFP Ltd, Registered Address: Building 2, The Sidings, Antrim Road, Lisburn, BT28 3AJ. Registered in Northern Ireland, No. NI29631.
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For many of our clients, face-to-face meetings are an important part of moving things forward but we recognise that this may not always be feasible. We have excellent facilities available for both telephone and video conferencing, and are more than happy to facilitate meetings this way if requested.
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Rita Ora has covered the Joni Mitchell hit 'Big Yellow Taxi' for a Spotify Singles session, as well as recorded an acoustic version of 'Only Want You'.
Whilst originally performed by Joni Mitchell, the modern-day success of the song 'Big Yellow Taxi' would be attributed to Counting Crows, who's version is synonymous with the naughties era. But Rita Ora has now added her spin, and you can't help but just love it!
Meanwhile, her single 'Let You Love Me', charted this past weekend (13 Apr 2019) at no.33 on the Coca-Cola Top40SA with Carl Wastie.


Author of the internationally bestselling thriller The Perfect Nanny, Leila Slimani presents her prizewinning first novel—a captivating exploration of addiction, sexuality, and one woman's quest to feel alive. Adèle appears to have the perfect life: She is a successful journalist in Paris who lives in a beautiful apartment with her surgeon husband and their young son. But underneath the surface, she is consumed by an obsession and soon becomes ensnared in a trap of her own making.


There are now 200 products sold under different brand names that contain DMAA. Some of those brand names are Hemo Rage Black and Jack3d.
Although DMAA may act like adrenaline, it has potential dangers. Dr. Pieter Cohen, an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School and a general internist at Cambridge Health Alliance, said, "It's a potentially dangerous ingredient, and manufacturers' claims that it is naturally derived are unsubstantiated." Dr. Cohen has written in the Archives of Internal Medicine that products containing DMAA should be taken off the market.
In April 2012, the FDA said synthetically produced DMAA is not considered a "dietary ingredient." It has been found that DMAA can narrow blood vessels and arteries, which increases blood pressure. It can lead to shortness of breath, tightening in the chest or even heart attack. Dr. Cohen said he believes the FDA wants to remove DMAA from the market, recognizing that the compound is unsafe.
According to the Chicago Tribune report, some manufacturers and at least one major retailer, General Nutrition Centers or GNC, remain steadfast in marketing DMAA products.
Unlike other pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements do not pass through the FDA scrutiny for acceptance. The agency can take action should a dietary product be found to be unsafe, but only after it is marketed and it has reached consumers.
The FDA banned the sale of ephedra dietary supplements in 2004. Ephedra was linked to sudden death, heart attack and stroke. DMAA has been around for a long time. In 1944, Eli Lilly and Co. patented the product as a nasal decongestant. But in the 1970s, just as the government began regulating medications, the drug was withdrawn. DMAA has been considered a substitute for ephedra, but may have some of ephedra's health risks.
Kreisman Law Offices has been handling pharmaceutical cases for individuals and families for more than 36 years in and around Chicago, Cook County and its surrounding areas, including Winfield, Chicago (Bridgeport), Addison, Franklin Park, Frankfurt, Elgin, Joliet, Markham, Maywood and Tinley Park, Illinois.


"Inside every small problem is a large problem struggling to get out."
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The article reports that 3.2 billion Rand will be given to universities in South Africa through the financial years 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012. The funds will be used to offer more skills-training projects to students and address the problem of skills shortage in South Africa. Also cited are the issues' implications for skills training.
Reports that a tobacco tax could deflect a funding crisis in Italian universities after parliament approved a reduction in their budgets. Mass resignation by university officials triggered by the parliament's move; Impact of the budget cuts on research.
The article notes information from Georgetown University's Center on Education and the Workforce's study, "Five Ways That Pay Along the Way to the B.A.," which recommends federal funding for career-technical education.
Focuses on the social and economic benefits of investing in higher education and post-secondary education in the U.S. Decline in federal student aid and state funding for colleges and universities; Need to urge representative to support increases in funding for Federal Pell grants.


This great brooch is made by me with the help of Mark Mercy who worked for Stanley Hagler. I had the pleasure of attending his class at the VFCJ (vintage fashion and costume jewelry) convention. He supplied the vintage filigrees and taught several of us his trade. This brooch has a faux opal center with purple glass and green rhinestone flowers. It measures 2-1/2" x 2" and is in great condition. Since I'm liquidating part of my collection, this has to go.
Gender: Female, Age Group: Adult, Color: Multi, Size: 2-1/2" x 2"
A shop for those with a passion for vintage costume jewelry and other beautiful things!
My pledge is to work hard and honestly to help you satisfy your passion for vintage jewelry and treasures!