text:
Louis Baucarne-Leroux est un homme politique français né le  à Roubaix (Nord) et décédé le  à Paris.

Biographie
Louis Baucarne-Leroux est le fils d'un cultivateur roubaisien : il nait le  de Pierre Louis Baucarne et de Marie Catherine Maton.

D'abord agriculteur, il comprend l'intérêt de la culture du tabac. Son exploitation est bientôt considérée comme un modèle. Il peut mener à bien ses entreprises grâce à sa grande fortune.

il publia différents textes sur les questions agricoles.

Grand propriétaire terrien, il fonde le comice agricole de l'arrondissement de  Lille en 1863. Il en est le vice-président puis président en 1864. Il continue d'en diriger les travaux à l'issue de son premier mandat de député

il meurt à Paris le , en 4 jours d'une fluxion de poitrine.

Carrière politique
Louis Baucarne-Leroux est maire de Croix en 1853. Il était entré au conseil municipal en 1843, à l'âge de 26 ans. Il dirige les affaires communales jusqu'en 1876.

Il est représentant du Nord de 1871 à 1876, élu sur la liste conservatrice, siégeant au centre droit. Battu en 1876, 1877 et 1881, il redevient député du Nord de 1885 à 1888, siégeant à droite.

A  la chambre des députés, il effectue de nombreuses interventions sur les questions économiques et agricoles, participe à plusieurs commissions importantes, a pris l'initiative de la loi protectrice de l'agriculture qui porte son nom. Très assidu aux séances de l'Assemblée, a effectué plusieurs interventions sur la question des impôts.

Il a toujours voté avec la droite monarchiste et catholique : ainsi en 1871, pour la paix, pour les prières publiques, pour l'abrogation des lois d'exil, en 1872, contre le retour de l'Assemblée Nationale à Paris, en 1873, pour la démission d'Adolphe Thiers en mai, pour l'arrêté opposé aux enterrements civils, pour la prorogation des pouvoirs du maréchal de Mac Mahon en novembre, pour le maintien de l'état de siège, en 1874, pour le gouvernement Albert de Broglie (2) en mai et en 1875 contre l'amendement Wallon et contre les lois constitutionnelles de 1875, textes fondateurs de la Troisième République.

Notes et références

Sources

Liens externes

Député du Nord (Troisième République)
Député de la quatrième législature de la Troisième République
Député à l'Assemblée nationale (1871)
Maire du Nord
Naissance en janvier 1817
Naissance à Roubaix
Décès en novembre 1888
Décès dans le 7e arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 71 ans

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text:
Who We Can Help
About UsTomDent
What is the William Wates Memorial Trust and what do they do?
The William Wates Memorial Trust is a registered charity set up in 1998. The Trust exists to celebrate the life of William Wates (1977- 1996) by supporting projects that help dis-advantaged young people fulfil their potential and stay away from a life of crime.
William was a much-loved young man and is very much missed by his family and friends.
We set up the trust to celebrate his life. Through the trust we support projects that offer young people opportunities, otherwise unavailable to them, to fulfil their potential and stay away from a life of crime.
Will was aware of his privileged background and was keen to help others – we feel the aims of the trust reflect where his interests would have been if he was alive today.
SOTO_Admin
2017 Newsletter
The WWMT 2017 newsletter is now available for all. Many of our supporters will [...]
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Donate to the WWMT via
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We have 3 grant meetings a year, the next one is scheduled for March 2019, the online application line is now open with a closing date of 25th January 2019. Please go to the 'How to Apply' tab for more information on submitting an application.
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text:
Basketball Elite Amateur Sport
Kirkwood celebrates Canada's first-ever FIBA world basketball title
by sportsottawa July 28, 2017
Leave a Comment on Kirkwood celebrates Canada's first-ever FIBA world basketball title
Noah Kirkwood. Photo: FIBA
Ottawa native Noah Kirkwood earned his piece of Canadian basketball history as he helped the under-19 men's national team to the Canada's first-ever gold medal at an international FIBA competition at the July 1-9 FIBA U19 World Cup in Egypt.
The Canadians went undefeated in 7 contests, including their stunning 99-87 upset of USA in the semi-finals and a 79-60 triumph over Italy in the championship game.
"What an incredible moment for Canadian basketball," Team Canada head coach Roy Rana said in a Basketball Canada media release. "Incredible moment for our country, for these kids. It's unbelievable to be able to say that we're the best team on the planet at the U19 age level. It's hard to express."
The youngest player on Team Canada, Kirkwood appeared in every match, averaging 11.9 minutes of court time and 4.1 points per game.
The recent OFSAA-champion Ashbury College grad is headed to Northfield Mount Hermon next season prior to a likely NCAA career.
Previous Entry Pair of national silver for local pentathletes
Next Entry OSU & WOSC meet at the top of OPDL standings, again, in U15 boys' division


text:
Q: How to proxy calls to the instance of an object Edit: Changed question title from "Does C# allow method overloading, PHP style (__call)?" - figured out it doesn't have much to do with actual question. Also edited question text.
What I want to accomplish is to proxy calls to a an instance of an object methods, so I could log calls to any of its methods.
Right now, I have code similar to this:
class ProxyClass {
    static logger;
    public AnotherClass inner { get; private set; }
    public ProxyClass() { inner = new AnotherClass(); }
}

class AnotherClass {
    public void A() {}
    public void B() {}
    public void C() {}
    // ...
}

// meanwhile, in happyCodeLandia...
ProxyClass pc = new ProxyClass();
pc.inner.A(); // need to write log message like "method A called"
pc.inner.B(); // need to write log message like "method B called"
// ...

So, how can I proxy calls to an object instance in extensible way? Method overloading would be most obvious solution (if it was supported in PHP way). By extensible, meaning that I don't have to modify ProxyClass whenever AnotherClass changes.
In my case, AnotherClass can have any number of methods, so it wouldn't be appropriate to overload or wrap all methods to add logging.
I am aware that this might not be the best approach for this kind of problem, so if anyone has idea what approach to use, shoot.
Thanks!

A: I have use a number of solutions to not quite this problem, but similar things.
1- You could derive a custom proxy from RealProxy and take advantage of the call interceptio provided by the .NET remoting infrastructure. The advantage is that this is super easy, but the limitation is that you need to proxy either an interface and use reflection to invoke the members of your inner class or the class being proxied must inherit from MarshalByRrefObject.
While I hesitate to give a code sample, just because it would not be complete, and I will probably get flamed. But here is a ten minute piece of code just to get you pointed to the right classes etc. Beware, I only handle the IMethodCallMessage so this is not complete but should work as a demo.
class LoggingProxy<T> : RealProxy where T : MarshalByRefObject, new()
{
  T _innerObject;

  public static T Create()
  {
    LoggingProxy<T> realProxy = new LoggingProxy<T>();
    T transparentProxy = (T)realProxy.GetTransparentProxy();
    return transparentProxy;
  }

  private LoggingProxy() : base(typeof(T))
  {
    _innerObject = new T();
  }

  public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
  {
    if (msg is IMethodCallMessage)
    {
      IMethodCallMessage methodCall  = msg as IMethodCallMessage;

      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Enter: " + methodCall.MethodName);
      IMessage returnMessage = RemotingServices.ExecuteMessage(_innerObject, msg as IMethodCallMessage);
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Exit: " + methodCall.MethodName);
      return returnMessage;
    }

    return null;
  }
}

This can be used as follows
class MyClass : MarshalByRefObject
{
  public int Age
  {
    get;
    set;
  }
}

MyClass o = LoggingProxy<MyClass>.Create();
o.Age = 10;

The above will log the call to set_Age on the proxied instance of MyClass.
2- Another alternative, but much more work is to create a proxy class that dynamically generates a type derived from the type you pass in and provides implementations of all the methods and properties in the base type. The generated methods etc. will perform the logging call the base class implementation etc. similar to the RealProxy example. Using VS var type you can probably avoid the need to actually inherit from the type and rather use aggregation for this proxy, that way you will still have intelli-sense support and not need to make all the methods/properties virtual. Sorry no example, this is a little too much for now. But you can look at using CodeDom or better yet Reflection.Emit for the dynamic type building. The dynamic code could do something like that proposed in @tvanfosson's answer.
3- And finally you cpuld use DynamicObject to do much of the above, the disadvantage is that you will not have compile time verification of method calls and no intelli-sense. Again, here is a minimal example.
public class DynamicProxy : System.Dynamic.DynamicObject
{
  private object _innerObject;
  private Type _innerType;

  public DynamicProxy(object inner)
  {
    if (inner == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("inner");
    _innerObject = inner;
    _innerType = _innerObject.GetType();
  }

  public override bool TryInvokeMember(System.Dynamic.InvokeMemberBinder binder, object[] args, out object result)
  {
    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Enter: ", binder.Name);

    try
    {
      result = _innerType.InvokeMember(
        binder.Name,
        BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,
        null, _innerObject, args);
    }
    catch (MissingMemberException)
    {
      return base.TryInvokeMember(binder, args, out result);
    }
    finally
    {
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Exit: ", binder.Name);
    }

    return true;
  }

  public override bool TryGetMember(System.Dynamic.GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
  {
    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Enter: ", binder.Name);

    try
    {
    result = _innerType.InvokeMember(
      binder.Name,
      BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.GetProperty,
      null, _innerObject, null);
    }
    catch (MissingMemberException)
    {
      return base.TryGetMember(binder, out result);
    }
    finally
    {
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Exit: ", binder.Name);
    }

    return true;
  }

  public override bool TrySetMember(System.Dynamic.SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
  {
    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Enter: ", binder.Name);

    try
    {
    _innerType.InvokeMember(
      binder.Name,
      BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.SetProperty,
      null, _innerObject, new object[]{ value });
    }
    catch (MissingMemberException)
    {
      return base.TrySetMember(binder, value);
    }
    finally
    {
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Exit: ", binder.Name);
    }

    return true;
  }

  public override string ToString()
  {
    try
    {
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Enter: ToString");
      return _innerObject.ToString();
    }
    finally
    {
      System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Exit: ToString");
    }
  }
}

Which is used something like the following
dynamic o2 = new DynamicProxy(new MyClass());
o.Age = 10;

There are a few option for rolling your own solution, alternatively you can look at some of the pre-backed solutions. Which is probably a better way to go, but this should give you some insight as to how some of the solutions have possibly been implemented.

A: Echoing the two other; DI is the way to go. Dynamic Proxy is very competent in this respect.
Here is some example code, complete with implementation of all that is required. Normally it's good practice to code against an interface.
I can recommend reading a bit about AOP, here's my thread on it:
Help and Information about Aspect Oriented Programming
(Edit: Becuase you were nice and gave me some points, here's another cool link to a DP tutorial that's really well done: http://kozmic.pl/archive/2009/04/27/castle-dynamic-proxy-tutorial.aspx ;))
Here is example code:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Castle.Core;
using Castle.Core.Interceptor;
using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration;
using Castle.Windsor;
using NUnit.Framework;

[TestFixture]
public class LoggingMethodInvocationsTests
{
    [Test]
    public void CanLogInvocations()
    {
        var container = new WindsorContainer();
        container.Register(Component.For<LoggingInterceptor>().LifeStyle.Singleton);
        // log all calls to the interface
        container.Register(Component.For<IA>().ImplementedBy<A>().Interceptors(typeof (LoggingInterceptor)));

        var a = container.Resolve<IA>();
        a.AMethod(3.1415926535); // to interface
        Console.WriteLine("End of test");
    }
}

public class LoggingInterceptor : IInterceptor, IOnBehalfAware
{
    private string _entityName;

    public void Intercept(IInvocation invocation)
    {
        var largs = new List<string>(invocation.Arguments.Length);

        for (int i = 0; i < invocation.Arguments.Length; i++)
            largs.Add(invocation.Arguments[i].ToString());

        var a = largs.Count == 0 ? "[no arguments]" : string.Join(", ", largs.ToArray());
        var method = invocation.Method == null ? "[on interface target]" : invocation.Method.Name;

        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}.{1} called with arguments {2}", _entityName, method, a));

        invocation.Proceed();

        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("After invocation. Return value {0}", invocation.ReturnValue));
    }

    public void SetInterceptedComponentModel(ComponentModel target)
    {
        if (target != null)
            _entityName = target.Implementation.FullName;
    }
}

public class A : IA
{
    public double AMethod(double a)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("A method impl");
        return a*2;
    }

    public void SecondMethod(double a)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Impl: SecondMethod called with {0}", a));
    }
}

public interface IA
{
    double AMethod(double a);
}

Console output
Examples.A.AMethod called with arguments 3,1415926535
A method impl
After invocation. Return value 6,283185307
End of test

A: This may be too heavyweight for your particular use case, but you may want to look into Castle Dynamic Proxy:
Dynamic Proxy
This framework allows you to dynamically create proxies for your classes at runtime, allowing you to intercept all calls and inject whatever logic you want.

A: The way I would go about it is using dependency injection and passing the logger instance to the class that needs to do the logging.  If you had a framework, like MVC, that supports attribute-based filtering, then you could use those as well, though you might be limited in what you could log.
public class LoggedClass
{
     private Logger Logger { get; set; }

     public LoggerClass( Logger logger )
     {
          this.Logger = logger;
     }

     public void A()
     {
         this.Logger.Info( "A has been called" );
         ...
     }
}

Or in MVC, or a suitable framework that understands attributes and can invoke them before method calls.
[Log]
public ActionResult A()
{
   ...
}

public class LogAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
         ... use context to log stuff
    }
}

The last alternative, I can think of, which you've already said you don't want to use, is the Decorator pattern.  In this case your proxy class and the proxied class would need to implement the same interface and you'd simply wrap the proxied class with the functionality that you wanted.  Note that defining the interface -- and extending it when you need to add functionality to the logged class -- protects you from forgetting to extend your proxy to keep it in synch with the logged class.   Since it implements the interface it won't compile unless it has all the interface methods.
public interface IDoSomething
{
    void A();
    void B();
}

public class ToLogClass : IDoSomething
{
    public void A() { ... }
    public void B() { ... }
}

public class LoggedClass : IDoSomething
{
    private IDoSomething Inner { get; set; }
    private Logger Logger { get; set; }

    public Proxy( IDoSomething inner, Logger logger )
    {
        this.Inner = inner;
        this.Logger = logger;
    }

    public void A()
    {
        this.Logger.Info( "A callsed on {0}", this.Inner.GetType().Name );
        this.Inner.A();
    }

}

A: Another option is an Aspect-Oriented framework like PostSharp:
http://www.sharpcrafters.com/
This allows you to define attributes that inject code that will be called at certain point during the method call (OnEntry, OnExit, OnException, etc.).
The big downside of this tool is that it requires you to run a post-compilation step against your binaries (the injection is not done dynamically at runtime, but during this post-compile step).

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Referral is via this form. Please complete, sign and return via email ccs.icash-bedford-kingsbrook-pst@nhs.net or post to the address on the form. For certain conditions investigations for underlying organic causes should be carried out by the GP/consultant prior to referral. See referral guidelines for suggested pre-referral screen, which can be requested from the administrator on 01234 244 126 (09.00-14.00 weekdays). Click here for more information.
With funding, the service has the potential to provide specialist clinical supervision for staff working with sexual difficulties in their everyday clinical practice. Staff skills training and lectures in psychosexual awareness can also be offered by negotiation. Please contact as above.
To refer, please complete and return the Brook 1-1 Referral Form. Any professionals working with vulnerable young people (e.g. social workers, school nurses, etc.) can refer to this programme, which is for young people aged between 11 - 24 that are in need of additional support. For example repeat termination of pregnancies, risk taking sexualised behaviour, risk of exploitation etc.
We have introduced a referral form for GPs to use when referring patients to iCaSH Cambridgeshire for intrauterine procedures.
This is to be used with immediate effect, instead on the current process of you either writing a letter or simply sending the patient to us.


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
Porosty (Lichenes). 2 (Lublin), Rodzina Lecanoraceae. Pinacisca, Lecidorina, Urceolaria, Semilecanora, Paraplacodium, Koerberiella, Lecidora, Pseudoplacodium, Tephromela 121 (1996)

#### Original name
Aspicilia bohemica var. fluvialis Körb.

### Remarks
null

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text:
33 LISTS Netflix OriginalsToo many new titles confusing and overwhelming you? Let these lists guide you in what to Search for on the Big 'Flix.
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The Best Netflix Original Thriller Shows
Ranker Streaming
11.6k votes 2k voters 109.7k views 55 items
List Rules Only Netflix originals and co-productions.
Here are the best Netflix original thriller shows currently streaming right now. Featuring murder mysteries, psychological thrillers, and crime noir, this list of Netflix thriller originals is updated with new and popular shows. What is the best Netflix original thriller series?
The latest and newest Netflix original thriller shows feature Hollywood's biggest stars, like Carey Mulligan, Jason Bateman, Bill Skarsgard, and Krysten Ritter. Must-watch Netflix original thrillers include Bloodline, Ozark, Black Mirror, and Collateral.
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reranker: 1
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Sacred Games (Netflix, 2018) is an Indian web television thriller series based on the 2006 novel by Vikram Chandra. Sartaj Singh (Saif Ali Khan) is a troubled police officer in Mumbai who ...more
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text:
Twin Cities Daily Planet (https://www.tcdailyplanet.net/walker/)
The Walker
By World View | January 28, 2008
by Karen Larson • With many of us, including me, emerging today from a serious bacterial purging of our digestive tracts, today´s meeting at CAPESE was a welcome back to the world. We were moved and energized by our presenter´s personal story.
The TC Daily Planet has a variety of blogs. One of them is called "World Views."World Views" publishes stories, reflection and analysis with an international perspective and a Minnesota connection. This blog post comes from the United Theological Seminary trip to Chiapas, Mexico in January 2008.
As a young man, after the Zapatista uprising in 1994, Julio decided to start walking. He left San Cristobal and visited the villages he found, walking further and further into the countryside. He said the deeper he traveled, the worse the conditions. There were many differences among the villages and the traditions of the people, but the poverty was the same. It greatly bothered him that so many people did not have the basics needed to sustain life and, worse, that they did not even appear to exist, as he had never known about them before.
When he finally walked home and looked into his own background, he learned that his grandmother was one of the so-called "dirty, smelly Indians" who couldn´t speak Spanish whom he had seen in San Cristobal. She was so ashamed of her heritage, she did not allow her children to learn Tzetzal. He said, "How can we not have passion when it is our own people they are trying to disappear?"
Finally, he told us that, while it once felt shameful to tell this story, now he finds that the indigenous people of Chiapas are in fact the majority — and so "we are walking little by little to change this situation."
As Damon, our assigned thank you person, said so eloquently to Julio, we are also walking. We are walking to learn about the world and how it can be a place that affirms the dignity of all its peoples. People like Julio give us great hope.


This article originally appeared in the September/October 2017 issue of Museum magazine.
For more than 25 years, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), a watershed piece of civil rights legislation, has helped various public institutions, including museums, become more proactive about prioritizing accessibility for all visitors. An accessible museum—one without barriers to learning—enables differently-abled audiences to engage with its collections and programs. Accessibility accommodations can impact a range of visitors with special needs, including the deaf/hearing impaired and blind/visually impaired; those with limited mobility; and those with developmental, cognitive, or learning disabilities. The practical challenge lies in adapting programs and exhibitions or creating entirely new ways for visitors to enjoy the museum experience.
organization described projects designed to enhance accessibility. Mass Audubon in Lincoln, Massachusetts, designed and implemented the All Persons Trail project, which provides nature-learning opportunities for visitors of all abilities. The Frye Art Museum in Seattle designed and implemented creative aging programs, which provide opportunities to connect with adults living with dementia. Museum of Science, Boston, implemented a National Leadership Grant for Museums-funded study on how to create more inclusive public programs to develop best practices for the field. The panel was introduced by Sandra Narva, senior museum program officer at the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). All of the projects received support from IMLS. The museum panelists described how they used distinct methods to push the boundaries of accessibility. Their projects directly support the creation of more inclusive environments and programs serving all ages, abilities, and cultural backgrounds.
making nature accessible to all. As Massachusetts' largest nature conservation nonprofit, it welcomes more than half a million visitors per year to its wildlife sanctuaries and 20 nature centers.
Mass Audubon strongly believes that all visitors should have opportunities to directly connect with the natural world. In meeting that commitment, the organization has been improving accessibility at its wildlife sanctuaries. Now, sanctuary visitors with mobility and sensory disabilities can enjoy All Persons Trails—pathways that incorporate state-of-the-art communication and navigation tools such as customized rope guides, individualized audio tours, and specialized surfaces—all to create safe and profoundly enhanced outdoor experiences.
All Persons Trails create more inclusive outdoor experiences, including tactile displays, audio interpretation, and accessible wildlife viewing areas, allowing access to individuals who have not traditionally had independent access to natural areas and interpretive experiences. Mass Audubon's long-range strategic goals are to engage more people in protecting the nature of their communities and to strengthen the connection that all people have with the natural world through outdoor experiences, all toward building a conservation ethic.
Mass Audubon designed and implemented an All Persons Trail project, which provides nature learning opportunities for those of all abilities.
Photo courtesy of Mass Audobon.
Mass Audubon has developed and now operates 12 All Persons Trails. For each accessible trail, Mass Audubon's approach is to design and build a rewarding experience to be comfortably and safely navigated by all visitors, including those with mobility, vision, or other physical, sensory, or brain-based functional limitations. At the same time, the trails increase accessibility and enjoyment for visitors who are new to spending time on nature trails. These trails are designed and constructed first to physically meet or exceed anticipated ADA compliance; and are overlaid with universally designed interpretive features, including educational stops, wildlife viewing boardwalks and platforms, picnic and play areas, and navigation resources including audio directions, guide ropes, curbing, and handrails.
These trails invite visitors of all abilities to experience the trail, and its interpretation, as independently as possible.
In 2016, Mass Audubon created a comprehensive guidelines manual for developing and sustaining All Persons Trails and associated visitor materials to be used by people with a full range of functional abilities. It is publicly available for download on the Mass Audubon website.
The Frye Art Museum, located in a neighborhood adjacent to downtown Seattle, opened its doors in 1952 as the legacy of Charles and Emma Frye, early 20th-century Seattle business leaders, and art collectors. The Fryes' founding principles—visionary patronage and service to community—are sustained with free admission and free or low-cost arts engagement programs designed to contribute to a vital community of lifelong learners. Over the past ten years, the Frye has focused its programs on the needs of people living and working in the neighborhood, particularly older adults living with dementia, their care partners, and the healthcare community. Several senior residential communities and three hospitals reside within a few blocks' radius of the museum.
Frye Art Museum designed and implemented creative aging programs which focus on providing opportunities to connect with adult learners living with dementia.
Museum of Science, Boston, implemented a National Leadership Grant for Museums-funded study on how to create more inclusive public programs to develop best practices for the field.
Photos courtesy of the Museum of Science, Boston.
The museum created a diverse range of creative aging programs to serve the needs of adults with younger-onset and early to mid-stage dementia. Here:now is an arts engagement program for people with dementia and their care partners to enjoy a creative and relaxing afternoon together. Visitors can register for a 90-minute gallery tour and/or a six-session, two-hour class that combines gallery tours with art-making. The museum educator leading the tours uses a conversation- based approach to teaching that encourages observation of artworks and dialogue without demanding factual knowledge.
Recognizing that movies help connect people with deep-rooted emotional memories, the Frye offers Meet Me at the Movies, a quarterly interactive film program at the museum and at two suburban King County libraries. Classic and contemporary film clips are screened and interspersed with facilitated discussion with the audience. A monthly Alzheimer's Café features a short talk in the galleries followed by relaxed social time with food, music, and song in the museum's café. All of these programs intentionally serve the care partner as well as the person living with dementia by providing opportunities for care partners to have a respite from their responsibility as caregivers and for strengthening the relationship by having new experiences together.
For adults living with more progressed dementia who cannot physically come to the museum or do not want to leave their home, the museum offers Bridges, an arts engagement program that sends a teaching artist and art materials to community care facilities. Trained volunteers assist older adults one-on-one in creative art-making sessions guided by the teaching artist once a week for six weeks. The program culminates with an art show for all residents and their families and for staff. The Frye also offers Bridges in private residences for families caring for their loved ones at home. A teaching artist goes to the home over three consecutive weeks with an activity that is specially designed for the person with dementia's interests and abilities. Art materials, lesson plans, and other resources are left at the home so that a family member can carry on after the final visit.
The Frye is also addressing the professional development needs of medical and social service workers through research and publications, annual conferences, workshops, and lectures on the topics of art, creativity, aging, and dementia. Its publication Creative Aging is available through the Frye Art Museum store.
Creative aging programs are developed by Knecht and reviewed by an advisory committee of leaders in the fields of gerontology, creative aging, memory care, and community advocacy. New offerings are carefully researched and piloted as staff expertise is developed and funding is identified. Programs are free with the exception of conferences, for which a nominal fee is charged to cover the expenses of bringing notable speakers to Seattle. Since the programs' inception in 2010, nearly 4,700 people have participated in one or more of the offerings.
The Museum of Science (MOS), Boston, spans a dam across the Charles River, linking the cities of Boston and Cambridge. It serves the communities of those cities and beyond through outreach programs and STEM curricula that are used in schools throughout the country. More than 1 million visitors per year visit MOS, and more than 300,000 attend the museum's in-house programs. Museum of Science programs and exhibits are designed with "free-choice" learning in mind, inviting learners of all ages, abilities, and interests to sample what engages them most. Programming in the exhibit halls through stage presentations, highly interactive themed spaces with dedicated staff, and one-on-one interpretations (exhibit hall interpreters) address the various ways visitors engage with free-choice learning.
MOS is committed to developing STEM exhibits and programming with the understanding of disability as a social construct and embodying the principles of universal design. Disability as a social construct is a concept of disability as something largely dependent upon norms in social interaction, infrastructure, education, etc. that may raise unnecessary barriers to full participation for those with disabilities. The museum has incorporated ideas for modifying or removing these barriers formally into its exhibit design for more than 25 years, and informally into programs for the last 15 years.
In 2011, supported by an IMLS "Sparks" Ignition Grant, the museum's live presentations staff, exhibit hall interpreters, and representatives of the research and evaluation department joined with consultant advisors from across the spectrum of disability communities to form a "community of interest." The advisors were specialists from various sectors of the disabled community, with experience working with museums around issues of inclusion. The goal was to incorporate the use of reflective practices for staff and to pilot a program design model that embeds universal design principles into museum programming. The five staff members selected for the project were identified by the institution as "agents of change." These are experienced senior staff members who are respected as natural role models for best practices in science program development and implementation.
Participants expanded their knowledge of the field through journaling and shared advisor/staff team discussions of the latest research into the nature of universal design as it applies to museum programming. Over a three-month period, staff worked in pairs documenting their programs and noting successes and challenges, especially when working with visitors with disabilities. The staff pairs read each others' journals offering feedback and problem-solving ideas. The entries and feedback were also shared with advisors who added another layer of expertise to the discussion while gaining knowledge of the particular challenges faced by presenters when delivering science content in public settings. Drawing upon the diverse experiences of disability revealed in the reflective practice, the team crafted the scope and content of a week-long training workshop in Universal Design for Museum Programming (UDMP) for the museum programs staff.
The workshop format, borrowed from the world of architecture, was an intensive design charette. Five exemplary museum programs were presented each morning, discussed with staff and advisors, and augmented by staff/advisor teams with UDMP upgrades. The upgraded programs were represented in the afternoon. Museum of Science live programs occur on stage venues daily at frequent times for large audiences. Exhibit Hall interpretations are cart-based activities that allow one-on-one visitor/educator interaction. Programs occurred in their usual public settings in order to observe the interplay effects of environment and visitors on program delivery. On the final day, the newly augmented programs were presented to the general public and focus groups of visitors with disabilities. The focus groups were then surveyed and interviewed by researchers to determine the effectiveness of the universal design changes to programs.
materials. As per our hopes for the long-term impact of this project, these universal design approaches have become an effective staff standard throughout MOS programs.
What are some common approaches used by these three organizations to increase and enhance accessibility to their programs and services? Each uses an inclusive planning process with staff, community advisors, and other experts giving input and testing ideas before final program implementation. Each follows best practices in the field, uses the latest research, and shares their work through publications and presentations so that other museums and organizations can learn from their challenges and successes. And, each has made accessibility a priority of their institution, devoting resources and staff to ensure long-term and sustained impact of their work.
For examples of IMLS-funded projects that have creatively and effectively expanded community outreach, visit imls.gov/issues/national-issues/accessibilitymuseums-and-libraries to learn more.
AAM has resources at aam-us.org about-us/what-we-do/resources on-diversity-equity-accessibility-inclusion.
Jill Rullkoetter, former senior deputy director at the Frye Art Museum in Seattle, is currently planning and consulting in community engagement, education, and public programs in the arts. Kris Scopinich is director of education at Mass Audubon. Sue Stoessel is education associate at the Museum of Science, Boston.


STEP 1: The usual convention for building tongue-and-groove joints is to cut the groove (or dado) first, then mill the tongue to fit it. Although the proportions of the joint parts can vary, usually the width of the groove is 1/3 the thickness of the mating part. So, on 3/4-in. stock, make your groove 1/4-in.-wide. Use a combination square or mortising gauge to mark the groove location on your workpiece. While you're at it, mark the groove depth now, too: 1/4- to 1/2-in.-deep grooves are typical.
STEP 2: Install a 1/4-in.-wide dado blade in your table saw, and use the workpiece layout marks to adjust the rip fence for a centered cut (see Photo 1). At this stage, it's not crucial that the blade be perfectly centered on the workpiece; just get it as close as you can between your layout marks. Then raise the blade to meet your groove depth layout line.
STEP 3: Guide the workpiece along the rip fence to cut the groove (see Photo 2), then flip it end for end and make a second pass to center the groove. Use a featherboard, clamped just ahead of the blade, to keep the workpiece pressed firmly against the fence during cutting.
STEP 4: A pair of rabbet cuts will create the tongue on the other workpiece. To set them up, start by restacking your dado blade so it's wider than the length of tongue you want to make. Then, you can use a sacrificial fence, clamped to your rip fence, to expose only as much of the dado blade as you need to cut the rabbets. The sacrificial fence (Photo 3) already has a blade relief area cut into it. You can make this relief cut by raising the blade slowly into the sacrificial fence with it clamped to the rip fence, but make sure the blade teeth will not come in contact with your rip fence in the process.
STEP 5: Use the grooved workpiece as a guide for setting the tongue's length. To do this, adjust the rip fence until the outer teeth of the blade meet your groove-depth layout line (see Photo 4). Lock the fence here. Raise the blade until it just "kisses" the bottom of the groove.
STEP 6: At this stage, it's time to make some test cuts on scrap that matches the thickness of your tongue stock. Back up these rabbet cuts with your miter gauge, and feed the workpiece along the rip fence to cut the first "test" tongue (see Photo 5). If you screw a scrap fence to your miter gauge first, these rabbet cuts will be crisp and tearout-free.
Tongue is Too Long or Short: To shorten a tongue, reset the rip fence to hide more of the blade. Shift the fence the other direction if you need to make a tongue longer. Either way, do not change the blade height.
Tongue is Too Thick or Thin: Raise or lower the blade a tad to correct a thick or thin tongue, and make more test cuts. Leave the rip fence right where it is.
The Tongue Shoulders are Uneven: Make a second pass along the "shorter" side of the tongue to clean it up and even out the two shoulders. Do not change the rip fence position. If that doesn't help, make sure the end of the workpiece is square before cutting another test tongue.
STEP 8: What constitutes a good tongue-and-groove? Aim for the parts to fit together with just a bit of friction but no force (see Photo 6). You may even want to cut your tongues about 1/32-in. shorter than necessary. That way, there will be a little clear space in the bottom of the groove for excess glue to escape.


Building my first Mega Tree??
Discussion in 'Mega, Mini, Spiral & Pixel Trees' started by Porsche, Dec 3, 2012.
Hay guys, was chasing some advice from the experience you have had.
Im in the process on building a mini/mega tree (approx 3.6m). this will be for next years show but while ive got a few weeks off over Dec Im going to get stuck into it.
Ive dedicated the controller i bought from David DC48 to it. I plan on running 16 strings from the tree (32 strings actually, each 1 string will go down and then up), using RGB strings (dumb).
Ive been looking at Ray Wu's strings, can anyone advise on what the best size (8mm-12mm), and spacing between LED's would be good for this tree. I was hoping to use 12v.
Or if theres anything else out there that would suit??
I might leave it a few years before I venture into the intelligent RGB game..
The typical dumb RGB strings from Ray Wu use 8mm LEDs but are sometimes called 12mm pixels because that's the hole diameter they fit into. This is why you'll see 8mm / 12mm used for the same type of lights.
ok thanks David, would these be a good option?
or am I heading down the wrong path with this tree??
I haven't bought any dumb pixels for a while so not sure of the best value for money out there.
The 12V versions (linked to) are more tolerant of voltage drop but consume more power than the 5V ones.
The main thing is to pick one with a good (IP68) water ingress rating.


We are stoked to announce super fit Devin Alexis is our April 2019 Model of the Month. BikiniTeam Co-Founder John Neyrot and staff photographer Greg Hunter had the honors once again of working with another amazing beauty during our 2018 CaribTour on Antigua in the West Indies.
Devin Alexis was very easy to work with on the set. We got to shoot on the private beach in the tranquil waters during sunset which was very refreshing since we started earlier in the day at our villa which was a little muggy from the earlier rain shower.
We shot both Alexis and her friend Corrie Yee for Model of the Month the same afternoon in Antigua. The energy in the air the entire afternoon was electric and that came through in the content we made together. The girls were so much fun to work with and it was made even easier since they were already friends and traveled to our tour from Las Vegas together.
We shot Devin in five looks including a purple with lime trim bikini by Yandy, orange bikini with long straps by Koki Swimwear, lemonade colored bikini Vizcaya Swimwear and two swimsuits by Michi Bikinis.
If you loved this exclusive video and these amazing pictures, be sure to checkout Devin's Instagram Account.


text:
Q: Character limit with just numbers in Angular 8 In a <input type="number"> I have to limit the numbers that can be entered to 7. Moreover, on Chrome I am able to input just numbers, but not on Firefox or IE.
<input type="number" id="myInputNumber" name="myInputNumber" [pattern]="myPattern"
[(ngModel)]="myModel" maxlength="7"  #fooModel="ngModel">

I know that type number are not supported on Firefox, so there is a function that allows me to reach the goal on all three browsers?

A: maxlength is ignored on type="number" by design.
You'll have to implement a custom directive.
Here's a tutorial you can follow.


text:
You won't believe who just admitted mask mandates aren't working
The never-elected Governor of New York, Kathy Hochul is extending mask mandates in the Empire State at least to February.
And her Fake News Media allies are hoping other Democrat Governors will follow Gov. Hochul's lead.
But there is one hold out in the Democrat Party and the Left is losing their collective mind over his recent comments on mask mandates.
The Connecticut press has been all over Governor Ned Lamont, blasting him for not following suit with Hochul and issuing mask mandates and proof of vaccination.
But as you can see in the video below, Lamont had harsh words for Hochul's strategy.
When asked about implementing a mask mandate like the one issued in New York, Lamont said, "It's not curbing the spike down in New York City, which is probably ground zero."
But before you start printing your "Lamont 2024" buttons, calm down.
The next sentence out of his mouth, Lamont praised boosters.
"But if I think about things, I certainly think about nursing homes and other congregant settings, where I think the booster shot is the number one priority to make sure everybody who can be boosted is boosted."
Lamont says the booster is his next priority.
He has previously said he's going to leave mask mandate decisions up to local communities in the Constitution State.
The Connecticut Governor said he's also interested in setting up digital health cards – or Vaccine Passports – in his State.
"What I want to do is get that digital health card [and] make it available to every single business, restaurant, store," Lamont said. "Let them make the right decision in terms of allowing people into their facility. Letting them have the information [that] if a person's unvaccinated, they've got to wear a mask. I don't think we need more mandates than that."
Still sounds like a mandate.
Meanwhile, back in New York, businesses that don't comply with Hochul's mask mandate will face fines of $1,000 per violation.
Should the government – local, state, or federal – ever impose mask mandates?
Kathy Hochul
Mask Mandates
Ned Lamont
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"Last one to post WINS"
Message boards : Cafe : "Last one to post WINS"
Hi all, it is time for a new episode of that much-beloved pastime of Collatz@Home forum: "Last One to Post Wins"
Last Winner was David Riese!!!!
Well, might as well be winning for a little while.
WOO HOO congratulations on your win SteveRocky!!!
Now it's time for the next winner to be winning though!!!
Where is everyone this morning? I just got up,but that's me!!!!!!
Message 516 - Posted: 16 Jun 2018, 10:53:58 UTC - in response to Message 514.
You were here after I was so I didn't post, can't win on double posts!!
It's now Saturday and I'm here and winning!!
Message 517 - Posted: 16 Jun 2018, 11:03:56 UTC - in response to Message 516.
You were Winning.But know I am Winning!!!!!
Message 521 - Posted: 17 Jun 2018, 2:07:16 UTC - in response to Message 517.
Message 528 - Posted: 20 Jun 2018, 9:40:35 UTC - in response to Message 527.
Message 529 - Posted: 20 Jun 2018, 10:35:36 UTC - in response to Message 528.
Message 530 - Posted: 21 Jun 2018, 10:41:36 UTC - in response to Message 529.
Then it must be time now!!
Do I win if I'm the first to post "WINS"?
Message 532 - Posted: 23 Jun 2018, 0:08:21 UTC - in response to Message 531.
Mikey is the new Winner of LOTP!!!!!!
Message 534 - Posted: 23 Jun 2018, 10:57:12 UTC - in response to Message 533.
The new game will start very shortly!!


Having underestimated how long my limb across the former area for the Universal Exposition in 1992 would take, I met my Spanish collaborator Lionel Cervera Gontard 10 minutes late at the reception of the Materials Department.
Due to a shortage of instrument time I only had a day for sample preparation and I am anxious to find out, whether my specimens are good enough for advanced spectroscopy.
Today I will have the chance to operate a Tecnai F30 with a GIF!
Lionel has already filled up the lN2 for me and we can get started instantly.


Jerry King Ins Agcy Inc - State Farm Insurance Agent is located at 732 Behrman Highway #J, Gretna, LA. This business specializes in Insurance.
Jerry King Ins Agcy Inc - State Farm Insurance Agent is a Life Insurance facility at 732 Behrman Highway Ste J in Gretna, LA.


The charcoal Jasper Dress marries mesh and textured knit fabric in a match made in heaven! Length: 34". Measured from a small.
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Jen Levitt '04 A&S'06 is the author of The Off-Season, a debut work of poetry that traces a trajectory from girlhood to adulthood and brings to the surface feelings that ordinarily stay hidden. She is also an educator in New York City.
How did Dartmouth help prepare you as a writer and educator?
Dartmouth was integral in preparing me to be a writer! I was so lucky to study with two wonderful poets, Cleopatra Mathis and Cynthia Huntington, over the course of my four years. Although this is embarrassing and shameful, I remember being annoyed that I didn't place out of English 5 my freshman fall; you had to get a perfect score of the verbal portion of the SAT, which I definitely didn't. But because of that, I was able to sign up for a seminar with Professor Huntington my freshman winter on contemporary poetry. We read Gregory Corso's hilarious poem "Marriage" and the Beat poets, as well as Robert Creeley and others I'm now forgetting. I wrote a few pretty bad poems in that class, but what I remember more than anything is Professor Huntington's unwavering passion for talking about poems.
It was the start of my poetry life at Dartmouth, which I continued in my creative writing classes with Professor Mathis. We'd sit in those old chairs and sofas in the big room in Sanborn with her dog Magellan sprawled on the floor—I still have the comments she wrote on my poems when I was 18 and 19 years old. Professor Mathis treated everyone in the class like they were a real poet, even though we were just college students starting out, and it made all the difference. With her I read many of the poets I'm still in love with today—Elizabeth Bishop, Sylvia Plath, Sharon Olds, Louise Gluck. The creative writing program was, hands down, the best part of my Dartmouth experience.
How does your work as a poet feed into your work as an educator, and vice-versa?
I was an eighth-grade English teacher in the Bronx for six years, and now I write curriculum for an academic enrichment program called Sponsors for Educational Opportunity (SEO Scholars), which helps motivated, low-income high school students in New York City get into and through competitive colleges. After the election, students and staff alike were noticeably shaken; many of our students come from immigrant families and a number are undocumented. I swapped the scheduled lesson for one about "political poetry" where students, through reading a selection of poems; from excerpts of Ginsberg's "America" to poems by Lucille Clifton, Danez Smith, and Fady Joudah; tried to define for themselves the term "political poetry" and why or how it might be important or relevant during times of turmoil.
Being able to draw on a wide range of poems and poets helps me in a pinch, and being a reader in general—in all genres—is probably the biggest asset when it comes to writing curriculum for high school students. On the flip side, I find it difficult to write about teaching in my poems, but I have a few poems that try. One is about an SEO student, Gabriel, who I taught when he was a freshman. Now he's a junior, and I just got up the courage to show him my poem about him the other day; I was more nervous watching him read the poem than I am to read in front of an audience! But he liked it, so I could relax.
Why is poetry still relevant today?
Boston Review, one of the best magazines for contemporary poetry in my opinion, recently listed its top 25 poems of 2016, preceded by an introduction from the Editors. I think these lines sum up why I feel poetry is relevant today: "...Our twenty-five most-read poems cannot turn back time, at least not literally, only literarily, and being merely words, they can't really change the world around them, not on their own. They need people to do that. But they can continue to affect their changes on us as people, sending us back into the world with broadened receptivity, strengthened commitments, and sharpened focus."
For me personally, reading and writing poetry is a way of entering into a conversation with poets who have come before and those who will come after. It's a way of being part of a community, of feeling less alone. That desire—to be part of something outside oneself—I think will always be relevant.


text:
Qin XIaozhou: Ziyang, Where Are You?
人權論壇
Qin Xiaozhou
Zhao Ziyang (1919-) was named general secretary of the Party in 1987. A firm proponent of economic reform and open foreign policy and an opponent of political repression, Zhao advocated dialogue with the students demonstrating in Tiananmen Square. He was ousted from office on June 23, 1989, and has remained under house arrest ever since.
Ziyang, Ziyang,
Fifteen years ago
In the depths of that evil night
Your Communist army
Opened fire with weapons of war
To slaughter ordinary people and students!
As Party General Secretary over this Communist army
You just dejectedly and
Listlessly withdrew.
"I'm an old man
But you're still young
You must look after yourselves,"
Those were your parting words.
Perhaps in your heart of hearts
You still clung to the hope:
Heroic students,
Succeed at last!
In the past fifteen years
There has been no news of you.
Your Communist Party
Is the world's largest corruption and terrorist ring
Ruling the people with lies and shackles!
As former General Secretary of the Communist Party
Do you ever regret
That you didn't from the first boldly stand up
And use your power as Party Secretary
To rally the opposition?
Doesn't the new Party elite
Include your former subordinates and students?
Why don't they give you a chance to speak?
Why did they without trial
Strip you of your political power
And not even grant you
The most basic personal liberty!
Why have you remained silent?
Perhaps you have already lost all confidence
In your Communist Party?
Yet, the power of the people
Is like a prairie fire that will reignite with a spring breeze
Jiang Yanyong, Lü Jiaping,1 the Tiananmen Mothers
Heroically struggle on, even now!
Give us back our Ziyang! Rehabilitate June 4th!
This is the will of the people
The dictatorship must perish, the people must triumph
The people believe in this!
The remembrance day for June 4th will soon arrive
Let's see when
The voices opposing tyranny
Will bring an end
To this gerontocracy!
Translated by Stacy Mosher
This poem was submitted to an archive being created by the June 4th Memorial Global Coalition (www.89-64.org). The original Chinese poem can be read at http://www.dajiyuan.com/gb/4/5/6/n530679.htm.
1. Lü Jiaping , a Beijing scholar known for revealing scandals about high-ranking Chinese officials over the Internet, was detained on February 24, 2004. According to a report on Lü's personal Web site, at least six Beijing public security officers raided his home and confiscated his computer and papers. Lü had reportedly been followed and monitored by public security officers after he posted an article exposing an affair between former Party Chairman Jiang Zemin and a famous singer, Song Zuying. See http://english.epochtimes.com/news/4-3-16/20359.html.^


Everyone experiences computer issues from time to time. PCs have issues, as does the internet and web browsers. Some of these are complicated problems that only experts are capable of fixing. Other times, however, the problem needs only a simple solution that anyone can perform. At LifeHacker, Eric Ravenscraft compiled a list of simple fixes for the next time your computer is acting up.
It's cliched but restarting your computer really does solve a lot of problems. When your computer freezes or is being sluggish, sometimes the best solution is to restart. It's also helpful to discover whether you've encountered a recurring issue or a one time thing. If you restart and the same application causes the same problem, you know more going forward.
It's also a good idea to close applications you aren't currently using. Having too many programs open at once could be too much for your machine and cause it to run slowly or even crash. Your PC only has so much RAM and when you've used most of it, problems arise. Closing applications also helps you narrow down where the problem is actually coming from.
If your hard drive is close to full, that causes more problems. Ideally, you'll go through and delete old files and applications before there are signs of trouble, but if you haven't, do so when you're having issues to potentially fix the problem.
Just like restarting your PC is a good first step, unplugging your router should be your first step to fixing internet issues. Be sure you keep it unplugged for at least 10 seconds to completely restart it. Many times, when you plug it back in your internet connection will be back to normal.
A speed test is another great option if you are connected but things are running slower than usual. If your getting the right amount of speed according to the test, the problem is likely a bandwidth hog, which is either someone else using your network or having too many downloads currently running.
So, the logical next step is to pause or cancel downloads to see if that fixes your internet speed. If it doesn't, it's probably time to contact your service provider.
You guessed it. The first step is to close the browser and restart it. This actually fixes the problem more often than not. If you're having trouble with a particular website loading, there are services available that will tell you if the website is down, or if the problem is on your end.
Extensions can also cause plenty of issues. If your browser is acting up, disable your extensions to see if that fixes things. You can even disable them one at a time to narrow down the root of the problem. Using a private, or incognito, mode is also helpful to determine if extensions or cookies is the cause of the issues.
Finally, clear your cache and cookies as a final effort to fixing browser problems. Tech support will suggest this first, so you might as well get it out of the way before you call in the experts.
If these simple fixes aren't enough to fix your computer's issues, call Geek Rescue at 918-369-4335.


text:
930 F. 2d 220 - McDonald v. Piedmont Aviation Inc
930 F2d 220 McDonald v. Piedmont Aviation Inc
137 L.R.R.M. (BNA) 2221
Paul F. McDONALD, Plaintiff-Appellee,
PIEDMONT AVIATION INC., Defendant-Appellant.
No. 204, Docket 90-7328.
Second Circuit.
Argued Sept. 27, 1990.
Decided April 11, 1991.
Albert J. Gaynor, White Plains, N.Y. (John G. McDonald, Rhinebeck, New York, of counsel), for plaintiff-appellee.
Louis B. Kimmelman (O'Melveny & Myers, New York City, Jeffrey I. Kohn, of counsel), for defendant-appellant.
Before LUMBARD, NEWMAN, and ALTIMARI, Circuit Judges.
LUMBARD, Circuit Judge:
Piedmont Aviation Inc. appeals from the March 29, 1990 judgment of the Southern District of New York, Charles L. Brieant, Chief Judge, entered after a jury trial. The jury concluded that Piedmont had denied McDonald a "first right of hire" under Section 43(d) of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 ("ADA"), 49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552(d) (1988); it awarded compensatory damages of $2,226,920 for the expected duration of McDonald's career.
We affirm the finding of liability, reverse the damage award, and remand for further proceedings to determine damages available to McDonald under Section 43(d) for the period of 72 months from the denial of employment.
In 1978, Congress enacted the ADA as part of its deregulation of the commercial airline industry. Congress sought to ensure that the benefits to the public flowing from this deregulation would not be "paid for" by airline employees who had relied on the heavily regulated nature of the industry in deciding to accept and to retain positions with commercial air carriers. Alaska Airlines, Inc. v. Brock, 480 U.S. 678, 680, 107 S.Ct. 1476, 1477-78, 94 L.Ed.2d 661 (1987). The Senate Committee Report expressed its reasons for providing protection for individual airline employees as follows:
[A]n individual employee will be able to do little to adjust to the new structure. Many airline employees have given most of their working lives to the air transportation industry and have too much invested to leave it now. In many cases, a job shift even within the industry would be costly because of lost seniority. Older employees looking for a new job might encounter difficulties because of their age. Since employees will not be ab[l]e to adjust in the sense their employers can, the Committee believes that a reasonable program of transition assistance should be provided.
S.Rep. No. 631, 95th Cong., 2d Sess. 114 (1978).
To assist employees dislocated as a result of deregulation, Congress enacted an employee protection program in Section 43 of the ADA. Alaska Airlines, 480 U.S. at 680-81, 107 S.Ct. at 1477-78. Section 43 provides for benefits, in the event of work force reduction, to those who are "protected employees."1 See 49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552. Section 43, subsection d, imposes on airlines certified under the prior regulatory system a "duty to hire" protected employees whenever additional employees are hired:
Each person who is a protected employee of an air carrier which is subject to regulation by the Civil Aeronautics Board who is furloughed or otherwise terminated by such an air carrier (other than for cause) prior to the last day of the 10-year period beginning on October 24, 1978, shall have first right of hire, regardless of age, in his occupational specialty, by any other air carrier hiring additional employees which held a certificate issued under section 1371 of this appendix prior to October 24, 1978. Each such air carrier hiring additional employees shall have a duty to hire such a person before they hire any other person, except that such air carrier may recall any of its own furloughed employees before hiring such a person....
49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552(d)(1).
On October 31, 1981, McDonald, a pilot for Air New England since May 15, 1972, was terminated when the airline ceased all operations. Because McDonald had been employed by the carrier for more than four years, he was a protected employee under Section 43(d). Piedmont concedes that it is subject to Section 43(d)'s duty to hire protected employees.
On November 19, 1981,2 McDonald submitted a job application to Janet Cook, who was the secretary of Captain Fred D. Womack, Piedmont's director of flight operations and flight safety, one of three persons at Piedmont who interviewed pilot applicants. McDonald's application included his relevant work history; it stated that he left Air New England because the company had been "liquidated."
When McDonald delivered his application to Cook, she told him that he should also submit a resume and his Air New England flight time summary and that he should take steps to be qualified as a flight engineer.
McDonald testified that he sent his resume and flight summary to Piedmont on December 2. On December 14, McDonald took a written examination to qualify as a flight engineer. He learned the results of this examination in two or three days and, within about a week, he telephoned Cook and informed her that he had passed the examination. After receiving written confirmation that he had passed the examination, he mailed the results to Piedmont on January 1, 1982.
Piedmont was hiring pilots at the time McDonald submitted his application. Classes of pilots began training on November 16, November 30, January 4, May 24, and June 7. Each of the five classes consisted of approximately 16 pilots; none of the trainees was a protected employee under Section 43(d).3 In addition, these pilot trainees were considerably younger than McDonald, who was 37. None of the trainees was older than 32. The average age of the members of each class was less than 29. There was evidence that because the FAA mandates that pilots retire by age 60, it is considerably more expensive for an airline to fund the pensions of pilots hired at an older age. Piedmont calculated the average age of these classes to the tenth of a year.
Piedmont did not acknowledge receipt of McDonald's application, request additional information, or interview McDonald for a pilot position. On February 1, McDonald wrote Piedmont, specifically calling attention to its duty to hire him under Section 43(d). McDonald wrote a second letter on April 21, in which he restated Piedmont's duty to hire protected pilots regardless of age. On April 30, McDonald went to Piedmont's training center in person to confirm that Womack had received the second letter.
At trial, Cook testified that, on April 30, McDonald came to her office without an appointment and asked if Womack would see him. Cook told McDonald that Womack was in a meeting. McDonald then inquired whether Womack had received the April 21 letter; Cook responded that she did not know. Cook took a copy of McDonald's letter to Womack and asked if he had seen it. Womack told Cook that he had, but that he would not see McDonald.
When Cook returned to her office and told McDonald what Womack had said, McDonald remained in her office staring at her. She said that McDonald's face became red and he seemed upset. McDonald asked Cook why Womack had not responded to his letter; he asked if Cook "understood his position." Finally, he told Cook that he was going to have to do something he did not want to do, which would be an embarrassment to him and Piedmont. McDonald stood in Cook's office for a few more seconds, then left.
Cook testified that she was upset and went into Womack's office and told him what happened. Womack reported the incident to Piedmont's personnel director, Ray Welch. In a telephone conversation on May 21 and in a subsequent letter, Welch told McDonald that because of the April 30 incident Piedmont would give his employment application no further consideration.
Following notice of Piedmont's decision not to hire him, McDonald continued to apply to other airlines and worked temporarily as a pilot for private individuals and organizations. In May 1983, he took a job with Trans East International Airlines and piloted small Cessna and commuter aircraft. In October 1983, McDonald obtained a pilot's position at Air Berlin, Inc., a small charter company based in Berlin, Germany, where he continued to be employed at the time of trial.
McDonald's salary at Air Berlin is considerably less than it would have been at Piedmont. According to the earnings estimates of McDonald's expert, Daniel W. Akins, which the jury credited fully in determining a verdict, in 1984, McDonald probably would have earned $68,656 at Piedmont; his actual earnings at Air Berlin were $33,212. In 1989, McDonald earned $63,149; his likely earnings at Piedmont would have been $136,777. Akins estimated that this differential would continue to increase through the duration of McDonald's career. While his earnings at Air Berlin would stabilize at about $60,000, his salary at Piedmont and USAir (Piedmont's successor corporation) would eventually exceed $182,000.
In November 1984, McDonald brought an action against Piedmont in the Southern District, alleging that Piedmont denied him a first right of hire under Section 43(d). After a trial in March 1990, the jury returned a verdict for McDonald for $2,226,920, the full amount of lost wages and employee benefits sought by McDonald from January 1982 through the expected duration of his career, to age 60. On appeal, Piedmont challenges the finding of liability and the damage award.4
Piedmont first contends that the district court erred in applying a three-year Massachusetts statute of limitations to this action. Piedmont argues that the district court should have applied the six-month statute of limitations for actions brought under Section 8(a)(3) of the National Labor Relations Act, 29 U.S.C. Sec. 158(a)(3) (1988), or the two-year statute of limitations for claims arising under the labor protective provisions of the Interstate Commerce Act, 49 U.S.C. Sec. 11706(c)(1) (1988). Under either of these proposed alternatives, McDonald's claim would be barred. We disagree with Piedmont's position, substantially for the reasons set forth in the district court's September 7, 1988 Memorandum and Order. See McDonald v. Piedmont Aviation Inc., 695 F.Supp. 133 (S.D.N.Y.1988).
Because Congress did not provide a statute of limitations for Section 43(d), the court must "borrow" one from another source. See Agency Holding Corp. v. Malley-Duff & Associates, Inc., 483 U.S. 143, 146, 107 S.Ct. 2759, 2762, 97 L.Ed.2d 121 (1987). Courts have generally concluded that Congress intended them to apply the most closely analogous statute of limitations under state law. See id.
Applying the Agency Holding analysis, the district court concluded that the primary federal policy at stake in a Section 43(d) claim--the assistance of dislocated employees--would not be frustrated by the application of a state rule and, therefore, does not require the application of a federal statute of limitations. See McDonald v. Piedmont, 695 F.Supp. at 136, 137. The district court found no reason to vary from the longstanding practice of adopting a state statute of limitations in the face of Congressional silence. See id. at 136. It then applied the New York borrowing statute, Sec. 202 N.Y.Civ.Prac.L. & R., under which it determined that a Massachusetts statute of limitations should apply, as McDonald was a Massachusetts resident and his claim accrued there. See id. at 138. We agree with the district court's application of the three-year Massachusetts statute of limitations for actions of tort. See id.
Second, Piedmont challenges the district court's exclusion of evidence purportedly relevant to McDonald's qualifications for employment. This evidence includes: 1) testimony of two persons who interviewed McDonald for employment at other airlines; 2) portions of McDonald's employment and military records; and 3) testimony of a purported expert on pilot selection profiles. Piedmont argues that this evidence would have demonstrated that McDonald was unqualified for employment at Piedmont and, therefore, was not entitled to a first right of hire under Section 43(d).5 However, Piedmont concedes it did not have any of this information at the time it refused to hire McDonald.
Piedmont contends that the district court erred in vacating its notice to depose Captain Michael G. Fortune, who interviewed McDonald for employment at People Express Airlines, Inc. in late 1981 and rejected him. Piedmont sought to depose Fortune on March 5, 1990, 15 days before the trial began; Piedmont asserted the deposition was necessary because Fortune would be unavailable to testify. See Fed.R.Evid. 804(a)(5); (b)(1). According to Piedmont, Fortune would have testified regarding his personal impressions of McDonald's temperament and suitability as a pilot. Piedmont argued that the testimony would be relevant to damages and to McDonald's credibility.
At a February 23 pretrial conference, the district court granted McDonald's request to vacate the deposition notice because the discovery deadline had passed and because Fortune's videotape testimony would be excluded at trial as being substantially more prejudicial than probative. See Fed.R.Evid. 403. The district court clearly acted within its discretion in so ruling.
The district court also acted within its discretion in refusing "for essentially the same reasons" to receive the same type of testimony from Captain Karen Lee, who interviewed McDonald for a pilot position with Orion Air. The district court made this ruling at a conference held on March 5.
Next, we reject Piedmont's argument that the district court erred in excluding portions of McDonald's military and employment records, as well as the testimony of Dr. Robert Helmreich, a psychologist. Piedmont sought to use the military and employment records in its cross-examination of McDonald; it intended to present Helmreich as a defense witness.
The district court properly excluded all of this evidence. As Piedmont had none of this information at the time it refused to hire McDonald, the evidence was irrelevant to Piedmont's liability under Section 43(d). See Crocker v. Piedmont Aviation, Inc., 743 F.Supp. at 3.
Piedmont cannot ignore its statutory obligation to give first consideration to protected pilots. It made no good faith examination of McDonald's application. So far as Piedmont then knew, McDonald was qualified to be employed as a pilot. Under the circumstances, Piedmont may not now be permitted to show what it might have found, which might have been a reason for finding McDonald not qualified. Consequently, Piedmont is liable for damages under the Airline Deregulation Act.
Third, Piedmont contends that the district court erred in instructing the jury regarding the first right of hire under Section 43(d). Piedmont argues that the instruction was prejudicial because it permitted the jury to find liability before McDonald had met its qualifications for employment, namely the "requirement" that McDonald be qualified as a flight engineer. We disagree.
In its jury instructions, the district court stated that "Captain McDonald must prove that he applied; that his application was complete and in conformity with the rules and practices of Piedmont...." The district court further stated that "[o]nce a pilot meets the qualifications of the occupational specialty set forth in the statute, his right to be employed by Piedmont must be preferred...."
At trial, Piedmont sought to prove that the flight engineering examination, or its equivalent, was a prerequisite to employment as a Piedmont pilot. In contrast, McDonald argued that although Piedmont requested him to obtain flight engineering qualifications, this was not a requirement for employment as a pilot. There was evidence that at least one other Piedmont pilot, who began training in July 1982, was not so qualified.
We believe the jury was properly instructed to determine whether McDonald met Piedmont's requirements and qualifications for employment. As part of this analysis, the jury could determine whether successful completion of the written flight engineering examination was such a requirement, as Piedmont contends.
Piedmont next argues that the district court inadequately instructed the jury regarding McDonald's obligation to mitigate damages. The district court instructed the jury as follows:
If you find Piedmont violated the statute and the violation was a substantial factor in not hiring [McDonald] and caused [McDonald] damage, you may then consider whether Captain McDonald should have taken any action such as a reasonable person would have taken under the circumstances to avoid or reduce his damages. And if you find he did not, you may reduce his damages accordingly. If you find that Captain McDonald's going to work for Air Berlin satisfied this duty to mitigate, then you should reduce his damages only by the extent of the amount he received or will receive in salaries and benefits from Air Berlin.
This instruction fully apprised the jury of McDonald's duty to mitigate damages, given the lack of evidence that he had failed to do so. See Selzer v. Fleisher, 629 F.2d 809, 812 (2d Cir.1980), cert. denied, 451 U.S. 970, 101 S.Ct. 2046, 68 L.Ed.2d 348 (1981).
Finally, we address Piedmont's challenges to the damage award. At trial, Chief Judge Brieant instructed the jury that damages for a violation of Section 43(d) were intended "to compensate or make Captain McDonald whole insofar as possible...." He further instructed:
[Y]ou should consider the earnings and benefits the plaintiff would have received in Piedmont if he had been hired and pursued a normal career with that company, minus, less the earnings and benefits plaintiff earns at his present position with Air Berlin or could have earned elsewhere in the exercise of due diligence seeking a job as an aircraft crew member.
The jury thereafter found for McDonald and awarded him $2,226,920. This was the amount that McDonald's expert witness, Daniel W. Akins, had computed as McDonald's adjusted lost earnings and benefits for the period beginning in late 1981 or early 19826 and ending in April 2004, when McDonald would retire at age 60.
Piedmont argues that the district court erred in permitting the jury to award compensatory damages for the expected duration of McDonald's career. It asserts that Section 43(d) is part of a temporary transitional assistance program under which remedies were provided for a limited period of 72 months. We agree.
Section 43(d) does not specify what damages are recoverable for the denial of a protected employee's first right of hire. Consequently, this court's " 'function is to decide what remedies are appropriate in light of the statutory language and purpose and of the traditional modes by which courts compel performance of legal obligations.' " Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith v. Curran, 456 U.S. 353, 376, 102 S.Ct. 1825, 1838, 72 L.Ed.2d 182 (1982) (quoting Montana-Dakota Util. Co. v. Northwestern Pub. Serv. Co., 341 U.S. 246, 261-62, 71 S.Ct. 692, 700-01, 95 L.Ed. 912 (1951) (dissenting opinion)). In reviewing the statutory language, Section 43(d) should be considered in the context of the entire employee protection program of Section 43. See N. Singer, Sutherland Statutory Construction Secs. 47.01, 47.02 (4th ed. 1984 & Supp.1990).
Section 43 consists of two interrelated components. The first provides for monthly federal assistance payments while an eligible protected employee is looking for a new position. See 49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552. Although this program was not funded and never became operative, see Alaska Airlines, Inc. v. Brock, 480 U.S. at 681, 107 S.Ct. at 1478, assistance payments were to continue until the protected employee obtained "reasonably comparable employment" or had received benefits for 72 months, whichever came first. See 49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552(b), (e). The second aspect of Section 43, set forth in subsection (d), created a hiring preference to enable these employees to find reasonably comparable employment. See id. "The duty to hire provision was adopted as a supplement for the monthly assistance payments to reduce and [sic] burden on the federal government purse...." Crocker v. Piedmont Aviation, Inc., No. 86-1673 (RCL) (D.D.C. Feb. 8, 1990), appeal filed, No. 90-7021 (D.C.Cir. Feb. 23, 1990), argued, January 18, 1991.
Given the language of Section 43 and subsection (d)'s purpose as a supplement to the temporary monthly assistance payments, we agree that damages recoverable under Section 43(d) are limited. We hold that a protected employee can recover damages for the denial of a first right of hire until the employee obtains employment reasonably comparable to that denied, for a maximum of 72 months.
Although the district court did not instruct the jury to determine whether McDonald's employment at Air Berlin was reasonably comparable to that at Piedmont, we find, because of the enormous pay differential and the other obvious differences between working as a pilot for a small German charter company and a large American commercial air carrier, that the jury could not have determined that the employment was reasonably comparable. We conclude that McDonald is entitled to damages for 72 months from January 1982, when he was denied a first right of hire by Piedmont.
We affirm the jury's determination of liability but reverse the award of damages and remand for further proceedings to determine damages. On remand, the district court may, in its discretion, compute damages for 72 months from the evidence given by Daniel W. Akins, McDonald's expert, which the jury credited, and use the remittitur device to order a new trial on damages unless the plaintiff accepts the reduced sum, as calculated for the allowable 72 months.
Affirmed in part; reversed in part and remanded for further proceedings to calculate damages.
A "protected employee" is a person "who, on October 24, 1978, has been employed for at least 4 years by an air carrier holding a certificate issued under section 1371 of this appendix [49 U.S.C.]," excluding any members of the board of directors or officers of a corporation. 49 U.S.C.App. Sec. 1552(h)(1)
McDonald testified that during a November 2 appointment with Bill Hall, Piedmont's director of training, he gave Hall a supplemental application form, which McDonald had created. Hall accepted the document and gave McDonald a Piedmont application form. On November 19, McDonald delivered the completed application to Piedmont
At trial, McDonald argued that November 2 was the date he applied; Piedmont contended that it was November 19. Because the difference is not relevant to this appeal, we only note the parties' disagreement.
After the June 7 class, Piedmont adopted a policy of hiring only protected pilots
The parties do not dispute and we agree that there is an implied right of action under Section 43(d). See Long v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 913 F.2d 1262, 1265 (7th Cir.1990); McDonald v. Piedmont Aviation Inc., 625 F.Supp. 762, 764-65 (S.D.N.Y.1986); cf. Alaska Airlines, Inc. v. Brock, 480 U.S. 678, 687 n. 9, 107 S.Ct. 1476, 1481 n. 9, 94 L.Ed.2d 661 (1987)
To be entitled to a "first right of hire," a protected employee must meet an air carrier's qualifications and requirements for employment. See 29 C.F.R. Secs. 220.11(a), 220.20(a), and 220.21(a) (1989); Hulsey v. USAir, Inc., 868 F.2d 1423, 1425 n. 2 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 110 S.Ct. 239, 107 L.Ed.2d 190 (1989); Robinson v. American Airlines, Inc., 722 F.Supp. 757, 766 (D.D.C.1989), aff'd, 908 F.2d 1020 (D.C.Cir.1990); Crocker v. Piedmont Aviation, Inc., 743 F.Supp. 1, 2-3 (D.D.C.1989), appeal filed, No. 90-7021 (D.C.Cir. Feb. 23, 1990), argued, January 18, 1991
Based on the amount of the damage award, the jury found that Piedmont could have placed McDonald in its January 4 class of pilots. The jury discredited Piedmont's claim that it had filled the January 4 class before Piedmont had notice of McDonald's protected status and McDonald had proved that he met its employment requirements


Starting this year, Medicare Advantage plan enrollees will have an annual opportunity to prospectively disenroll from any MA plan and return to Original Medicare between January 1 and February 14 of every year. The effective date of a disenrollment request made using the Medicare Advantage Disenrollment Period (MADP) will be the first of the month following receipt of the disenrollment request.
Example: A request made in January will be effective February 1, and a request made in February will be effective March 1.
The Medicare Advantage Disenrollment Period does not allow a member to change to a different type of Medicare Advantage plan, only Original Medicare.
Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees using the Medicare Advantage Disenrollment Period (MADP) to disenroll January 1 through February 14 are also eligible for a coordinating Part D Special Election Period (SEP) to enroll in a Part D plan and may request enrollment in a PDP during the same timeframe.
Members enrolled in MA-only PFFS plans must request disenrollment from the MA-only plan to be eligible for this SEP as enrollment in a PDP will not result in automatic disenrollment from the MA-only plan. For other plan types, the member can simply enroll in a PDP using their SEP-MADP and they will be removed from their current Medicare Advantage Part D plan and enrolled in Original Medicare and the Part D plan of their choice.
And remember, if you have a customer who is considering disenrolling from a Medicare Advantage plan, this may be a good time to introduce one of our Modernized Medicare Supplement plans. These new plans are competitively priced and will be attractive to an even wider range of Medicare-eligibles.
Thank you for your attention to all rules and regulations that govern the sale of Medicare Advantage and Prescription Drug health plans.


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Earlier today, I wrote about a Tennessee school district instructing educators to teach kids social justice and identity politics (here).
And last week, I covered a story about bisexuality being discussed with very young children (watch the video here).
What happened to pro-American schools sticking to academics, and organizations in general simply letting kids just be kids?
If your first grader is a Democrat — or a Republican — something is really messed up.
Her project involved working with the pro-abortion Women's March and its affiliate in Tucson. She said her goal was to 'educate people about and destigmatize access to women's healthcare' — euphemisms for abortion.
Something tells me she wasn't watching the Kavanaugh coverage on Fox.
Also: The sophomore is hosting an event to educate people? How educated is she? She's in tenth grade.
Although the Girl Scout organization maintains that it takes 'no position' on abortion, parents, churches and pro-life activists have long complained of the pro-abortion slant of the Girl Scouts' resources, role models and affiliations.
To be clear: I'm not writing against Sarah; in fact, I'm not using her real name. Presumably, she's trying to do good in the world.
I'm questioning the Girl Scouts of America's decision to encourage such an endeavor as part of their program. A tenth grader, in my view, shouldn't be expected to have a firm view on an issue such as abortion, beyond that of parroting their parents or the world around them otherwise. Sarah has the rest of her life to form her adult opinions about adult issues.
In my view, it's incumbent upon the Girl Scouts of America to let girls be girls. They aren't the Women Scouts. How about endorse programs that help the elderly or find homes for shelter animals? How about something apolitical, much less an issue that people around the nation don't devote their lives to fighting against.
When parents allow their children to participate in kids' groups, they shouldn't have to worry about political endorsement or inculcation. Unfortunately, it seems there's no getting away from those maneuvers at every turn. Ya let your kid wear a cute green outfit and sell some cookies, the next thing you know, she's Margaret Sanger.
Of course, it's likely Sarah's family is in sync with her political moves. But as for the Scouts, I wish they'd remain neutral and just serve up some of those delicious baked treats.
I'll take 2 boxes of Do-si-dos, please. Sans the abortion promo.


The Ferry of Rio is located north of the city of Patras and at a distance of 12 kilometres approximately. At Rio the Patras Port Authority only owns the wharfs and the electricity network. A port guard room is under the jurisdiction of the Port Police. Both the Eastern and Western Piers of the Rio Ferry area are under the jurisdiction of the Patras Port Authority.
The frequency of use of the Eastern or Western Pier depends on the weather conditios and mainly on the wind direction.
At the Eastern Pier of Rio the portual area is 11.136 square metres. It has 395 metre-long quays, equipped with bollards. The deck is paved with asphalt and the area is illuminated by two 35m. tall masts. The pier has only quays and no land zone, and it borders with an area owned by EOT (GNTO).
The West pier of Rio covers an area of 39,156 sq.m., including the temporary pier covering 18,205 sq.m. constructed for the ferry services, due to the construction of the Rion-Antirrion bridge. It has quays, 259 metres long, equipped with bollards. The deck is paved with asphalt and there are 3 lighting pillars, 35m. high each.
The traffic of the Rio Ferry was greatly reduced after the start of functioning of the Rio Bridge. Nevertheless the low prices of the ferry with respect to the bridge toll remains an advantage for the Ferry traffic. The aim of the Patras Port Authority is the exploitation of the free portual area in cooperation with the local society.