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Monster of the Week: The Siren
Posted on June 10, 2018 by Doctor Fox Sister
The Siren (1900) by John William Waterhouse
Temptation can take many forms, but the fear of being seduced by the song of a siren has haunted mankind for millennia. From a secluded island home, Sirens enthrall passing sailors with their supernatural song. Their voices cast doom on those who hear their call.
"Their song, though irresistibly sweet, was no less sad than sweet, and lapped both body and soul in a fatal lethargy, the forerunner of death and corruption."
-Walter Copland Perry
A terracotta Siren from Greece, 300 BCE. Photo: Peter Horree/Alamy
The ancient Greeks described Sirens as bird-like creatures with human heads. These sea-nymphs live on islands surrounded by cliffs. With their beautiful voices, Sirens are able to lure sailors to their deaths. The siren song entices seamen to sail their ships into the rocky shore. In Roman accounts, Sirens were described as beautiful women who tempted mariners to their flowery shores, where the men languished until death. Modern reports of Sirens are more likely to be of a beautiful woman than a winged creature, but the peril of their song remains the same.
Sirens are skilled musicians, using instruments and voice to entice those who pass their island home. Their singing voices, as well as skill with lyre and flute, give Sirens the means to draw in passing mariners. Additionally, their clever, knavish, and deceitful words persuade men to linger. Sirens tempt the listener with their prophetic wisdom.
"Now stop your ship and listen to our voices. All those who pass this way hear honeyed song/Poured from our mouths. The music brings them joy/And they go on their way with greater knowledge." – The Odyssey, translated by Emily Wilson
These enticements give their victims hope, but the Sirens' seduction ultimately ends with death and destruction.
Sirens were originally the companions of the Greek goddess Persephone. After Hades abducted Persephone, her mother, Demeter, gave handmaidens the bodies of birds in order to assist in the search. When Persephone could not be found, the Sirens eventually settled on the island of Anthemoessa. According to the Roman poets Vigil and Ovid, three rocky islands known as Sirenum scopuli were home to Sirens, who would bewitch passing sailors with their beautiful songs.
Marble sarcophagus with the contest between the Muses and the Sirens, 3rd century A.D.
Owing to their reputations as captivating singers, the Greek goddess Hera called for a musical contest between the Sirens and the Muses. Zeus had created the Muses to celebrate victory over the Titans and to forget the evils of the world through their joyful song and dance. The Muses inspired the highest intellectual and artistic aspirations in gods and men alike. The destructive Sirens, with voices tainted by death, lost the contest to the graceful Muses. As a mark of humiliation, the Muses plucked the Sirens' feathers and wore them as victory crowns.
According to The Argonautica, Jason and the men of the Argo sailed past the Sirens on their return journey from finding the Golden Fleece. In response to the danger, Orpheus drew his lyre and played music to drown out their enchanting songs.
In Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus also had to pass the Sirens on his way home. Circe warns Odysseus that the Sirens call out to sailors from their meadow, a place filled with the rotting bodies of men previously lured to the shore.
"First you will come to Sirens, who bewitch everyone who comes near them. If any man draws near in his innocence and listens to their voice, he never sees home again; never again will wife and little children run to greet him with joy; but the Sirens will bewitch him with their melodious song. There in a meadow they sit and all round is a great heap of bones, mouldering bodies and withering skins."
Ulysses and the Sirens (1891) by John William Waterhouse
In order to make the perilous journey, the sailors must fill their ears with wax to make them immune to the Sirens' song. But curiosity gets the best of Odysseus, and he orders his men to lash him to the mast of the ship so he can listen to their song without throwing himself into the sea. As the ship passes, the Sirens tempt Odysseus with the promise of knowledge. When offered the opportunity to learn what has occurred at Troy and "all that shall hereafter be upon the fruitful earth," it's only his physical restraints that keep Odysseus from steering the ship into the rocks. The Sirens provide a temptation so powerful—the acquisition of hidden knowledge—that Odysseus was willing to risk his own life, and that of his crew.
Siren or Mermaid
An image of a siren that has both siren and mermaid qualities. Siren, from the Bestiary Harley. Artist unknown.
Some believe that Sirens are the precursor to the Northern European mermaids. Unlike the half-bird creatures of ancient Greece, mermaids are half-woman, half-fish creatures who dwell in the water. Both Sirens and mermaids are known to lure sailors into the sea, but Sirens do so through music, song, and wisdom, while mermaids typically tempt men with their beauty. Mermaids are sometimes referred to as sirens or given the siren characteristic of beautiful singing or luring men to their doom. A recent example of this is the Freeform television series Siren, which features creatures referred to as sirens, but which are actually mermaids with the ability to enchant through song. Of course, the title "Mermaid" wouldn't resonate with the same drama as "Siren." Mermaids are often seen to be more compassionate, even loving, towards humanity, while Sirens are characterized as dangerous and wicked.
Examples of Sirens in Popular Culture
Percy Jackson, a young adult series based on Greek mythology, portrays Sirens as giant vulture-like creatures with human heads that change into different people. Though they smile and charm, their faces remain bloody from the remnants of their previous victims.
In the Piers Anthony novel The Source of Magic, the protagonists must escape a Siren who can cause men to travel to her location by playing a dulcimer and singing an enchanting song.
In The Orphan's Tales series by Catherynne M. Valente, three sirens sing happily on their rocky island, unaware that their voices cause sailors to jump to their deaths. When they learn of the devastation they have wrought, they leave their island, taking a vow to never sing again.
The Siren (1888) by Edward Armitage
In The Divine Comedy, the 14th-century narrative poem, Dante dreams of a siren prior to ascending to the fifth terrace of Purgatory. Under his gaze, she transforms from repulsive to desirable, a metaphor for the ugliness of sin and excessive love. When Virgil reveals her true nature, Dante is released from her spell.
The 1824 poem Die Lorelei describes a siren sitting atop a cliff that overlooks the Rhine combing her hair. Her beauty and song lures skippers to their deaths on the dangerous rocks below.
In the film O Brother, Where Art Thou? (2000), an adaptation of The Odyssey, the protagonists come upon three women singing and doing wash in a river who appear to be Sirens. When they wake from a drug-induced sleep, one of the men has seemingly transformed into a frog.
In the horror movie Siren (2010), some friends on a sail are lured to an island inhabited by a siren.
Sirens are featured in Ice Age 4: Continental Drift (2012) as giant prehistoric lungfish with the ability to enchant.
Iris, a Siren from Isekai Shokudou (Restaurant to Another World),
In season 4 of Supernatural, Sam and Dean investigate a Siren compelling men to murder their wives. In Supernatural lore, sirens want those they enthrall to kill others as a show of devotion. Once under its spell, the Siren pits Sam and Dean against each other in a fight to the death for its love.
In Lost Girl, sirens are a Light Fae species able to placate, control, banish, kill, heal, and alleviate pain through song. The character Hale, who appeared in the first four seasons of the series, is a Siren from a noble family.
In the 1960s series Batman, actress Joan Collins played Lorelei Circe, AKA The Siren. She was able to put any man under her control by singing a note three octaves above high C.
Red Dwarf featured a space version of shapeshifting sirens known as Psirens. The Psirens lure spaceship crew in order to feast on their brains.
The Simpsons created an adaptation of The Odyssey in which Homer was lured to the Island of the Sirens, only to find that the sirens in question were Marge's sisters Patty and Selma.
Isekai Shokudou (Restaurant to Another World), an anime series, features restaurant guests Arius and Iris, a pair of juvenile Sirens from the Continental Sea. Arius and Iris are able to enthrall others with their enthusiastic singing.
Pathfinder features Sirens that are human-sized female hawks, owls, or eagles with the faces of beautiful women with captivating singing voices that can hypnotize listeners.
In Magic: The Gathering, Sirens are a monster race with bird wings, breasts, and legs. They have hypnotic voices, but not all are beautiful. They collect bones, jewels, and other objects, and feed on shipwrecked humans.
Black & White 2 has a Siren wonder that turns everyone in its radius into willing followers.
Sirens appear in the Final Fantasy series, usually as a summon causing a status ailment.
In the podcast Hello from the Magic Tavern, Arnie, Chunt, and Usidore interview a Siren from the magical land of Foon.
A Russian Sirin (right) and Alkonost (left). Birds of Joy and Sorrow (1896) by Viktor Vasnetsov.
Just as Eve took the apple and Pandora opened the box, releasing evil into the world, Sirens embody temptation and betrayal. An affront to reason and moderation, the Siren causes man to act against his better judgment, which leads to his fall. Sirens create the potential for seduction and destruction. The enchanting beauty of the Siren's song has led many a man to surrender his rationality, and, in turn, his life.
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One thought on "Monster of the Week: The Siren"
Kevin A Fox says:
The Sirens in 'O Brother, Where Art Thee" sing a most haunting song – love it . . . .
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In the last decade there has been a renaissance of interest in floorcloths. These painted canvas rugs were in wide use during most of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but fell out of fashion as power looms made woven rugs more accessible and affordable.
The 1976 Bicentennial provided the impetus for a great deal of academic research conducted on early American life. Information on historical floorcloths, as a result, became more readily available. Renewed interest in authentic interiors among curators of museums and historic settlements spawned the establishment of a number of thriving artist-owned companies specializing in the reproduction of traditional floorcloths and floor coverings. Floorcloths soon started appearing in the pages of interior design magazines, but were primarily limited to stenciled or quilt-derived patterns and fantasy or faux finishes (marbling, sponging; ragging). The need for personal expression and the desire to affect or enhance an environment connect past and present floorcloth painters. The methods of making floorcloths have changed little with the passage of time. Today, artists have devised methods similar to those of early manufacturers, though water-based acrylics rather than oils are the pigments of choice now because of their easy application and quick drying time. Water-based varnishes are also an improvement upon oil-based shellacs and varnishes which "amber" the underlying colors and are prone to brittleness and cracking.


Welcome to my column where each month I'll take a book from the shelf to share. It's a review of sorts, but also hopefully a nudge of encouragement, to say go on – there's a lot great reading out there!
Last month I travelled to Mparntwe-Alice Springs for a writing workshop. Like many visitors before me, I spent the weekend completely in awe of Arrernte country – the crisp light, the soft grey-greens and the soaring ranges. Landscape so starkly different to the Top End.
As a writer and reader it was a fortuitous time to be in the centre as I was able to attend the launch of Walking with Camels – The Story of Bertha Strehlow, a debut verse novel by poet and Alice Springs local Leni Shilton. Hearing excerpts of the work read by Mary Anne Butler at the launch, I was again struck by the intensities of the desert landscape – this time poetically conjured by Shilton and re-imagined through the eyes of Bertha Strehlow, one of the first white women to travel through Central Australia.
Verse poetry is a lyrical and deeply moving way to write a biography and Walking with Camels is no exception. As well as an inscription of place, the work is also a sensitive portrayal of a woman's love, loss and endurance.
In this way, it reminded me of another remarkable verse novel, Ruby Moonlight, by Ali Cobby Eckermann – which similarly gives voice to a woman forgotten by history.
Written in first-person and drawing on extensive archival research, Walking with Camels is a collection of 84 poems that together weave the story of Strehlow's time in Central Australia – including her own camel ride across desert country, four decades before that of Robyn Davidson.
The collection primarily focuses on Strehlow's relationship with, and separation from, her anthropologist husband Ted Strehlow.
Having followed Ted away from home and family – 'the sea pulls away fromme / a vast retreating tide / as the train grinds north', Strehlow's journey is one of hardship and isolation.
Walking with Camels is a beautiful book that gives voice to a woman of remarkable strength – a strength often found in women who nurture, support and placate famous men. Women so often denied their due.
Leni Shilton will be a guest of the NT Writers' Centre's Wild Words festival in May.


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Volume 22, Number 5—May 2016
An Operational Framework for Insecticide Resistance Management Planning [PDF - 460 KB - 7 pages]
E. Chanda et al.
Arthropod vectors transmit organisms that cause many emerging and reemerging diseases, and their control is reliant mainly on the use of chemical insecticides. Only a few classes of insecticides are available for public health use, and the increased spread of insecticide resistance is a major threat to sustainable disease control. The primary strategy for mitigating the detrimental effects of insecticide resistance is the development of an insecticide resistance management plan. However, few examples exist to show how to implement such plans programmatically. We describe the formulation and implementation of a resistance management plan for mosquito vectors of human disease in Zambia. We also discuss challenges, steps taken to address the challenges, and directions for the future.
Chanda E, Thomsen EK, Musapa M, Kamuliwo M, Brogdon WG, Norris DE, et al. An Operational Framework for Insecticide Resistance Management Planning. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):773-779. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150984
Chanda E, Thomsen EK, Musapa M, et al. An Operational Framework for Insecticide Resistance Management Planning. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):773-779. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150984.
Chanda, E., Thomsen, E. K., Musapa, M., Kamuliwo, M., Brogdon, W. G., Norris, D. E....Coleman, M. (2016). An Operational Framework for Insecticide Resistance Management Planning. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 773-779. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150984.
Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Arizona, USA [PDF - 483 KB - 6 pages]
K. L. Herrick et al.
In the United States, all previously reported cases of Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis have been linked to transmission by the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum). Here we describe 1 confirmed and 1 probable case of R. parkeri rickettsiosis acquired in a mountainous region of southern Arizona, well beyond the recognized geographic range of A. maculatum ticks. The likely vector for these 2 infections was identified as the Amblyomma triste tick, a Neotropical species only recently recognized in the United States. Identification of R. parkeri rickettsiosis in southern Arizona demonstrates a need for local ecologic and epidemiologic assessments to better understand geographic distribution and define public health risk. Education and outreach aimed at persons recreating or working in this region of southern Arizona would improve awareness and promote prevention of tickborne rickettsioses.
Herrick KL, Pena SA, Yaglom H, Layton BJ, Moors A, Loftis AD, et al. Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Arizona, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):780-785. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151824
Herrick KL, Pena SA, Yaglom H, et al. Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Arizona, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):780-785. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151824.
Herrick, K. L., Pena, S. A., Yaglom, H., Layton, B. J., Moors, A., Loftis, A. D....Paddock, C. D. (2016). Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Arizona, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 780-785. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151824.
Plasmodium falciparum K76T pfcrt Gene Mutations and Parasite Population Structure, Haiti, 2006–2009 [PDF - 714 KB - 8 pages]
M. Charles et al.
Hispaniola is the only Caribbean island to which Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains endemic. Resistance to the antimalarial drug chloroquine has rarely been reported in Haiti, which is located on Hispaniola, but the K76T pfcrt (P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter) gene mutation that confers chloroquine resistance has been detected intermittently. We analyzed 901 patient samples collected during 2006–2009 and found 2 samples showed possible mixed parasite infections of genetically chloroquine-resistant and -sensitive parasites. Direct sequencing of the pfcrt resistance locus and single-nucleotide polymorphism barcoding did not definitively identify a resistant population, suggesting that sustained propagation of chloroquine-resistant parasites was not occurring in Haiti during the study period. Comparison of parasites from Haiti with those from Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela reveals a geographically distinct population with highly related parasites. Our findings indicate low genetic diversity in the parasite population and low levels of chloroquine resistance in Haiti, raising the possibility that reported cases may be of exogenous origin.
Charles M, Das S, Daniels R, Kirkman L, Delva GG, Destine R, et al. Plasmodium falciparum K76T pfcrt Gene Mutations and Parasite Population Structure, Haiti, 2006–2009. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):786-793. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150359
Charles M, Das S, Daniels R, et al. Plasmodium falciparum K76T pfcrt Gene Mutations and Parasite Population Structure, Haiti, 2006–2009. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):786-793. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150359.
Charles, M., Das, S., Daniels, R., Kirkman, L., Delva, G. G., Destine, R....Golightly, L. M. (2016). Plasmodium falciparum K76T pfcrt Gene Mutations and Parasite Population Structure, Haiti, 2006–2009. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 786-793. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150359.
Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014 [PDF - 608 KB - 8 pages]
D. L. Hastings et al.
During March–May 2014, a Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak occurred in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, that included many persons who worked or received medical treatment at King Fahd General Hospital. We investigated 78 persons who had laboratory-confirmed MERS during March 2–May 10 and documented contact at this hospital. The 78 persons with MERS comprised 53 patients, 16 healthcare workers, and 9 visitors. Among the 53 patients, the most probable sites of acquisition were the emergency department (22 patients), inpatient areas (17), dialysis unit (11), and outpatient areas (3). Infection control deficiencies included limited separation of suspected MERS patients, patient crowding, and inconsistent use of infection control precautions; aggressive improvements in these deficiencies preceded a decline in cases. MERS coronavirus transmission probably was multifocal, occurring in multiple hospital settings. Continued vigilance and strict application of infection control precautions are necessary to prevent future MERS outbreaks.
Hastings DL, Tokars JI, Abdel Aziz I, Alkhaldi KZ, Bensadek AT, Alraddadi BM, et al. Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):794-801. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151797
Hastings DL, Tokars JI, Abdel Aziz I, et al. Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):794-801. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151797.
Hastings, D. L., Tokars, J. I., Abdel Aziz, I., Alkhaldi, K. Z., Bensadek, A. T., Alraddadi, B. M....Madani, T. A. (2016). Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome at Tertiary Care Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 794-801. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151797.
Expansion of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Use of Bovine Antibiotic Growth Promoters [PDF - 738 KB - 8 pages]
Antibiotics are routinely used in food-producing animals to promote growth and prevent infectious diseases. We investigated the effects of bovine antibiotic growth promoters (bAGPs) on the propagation and spread of Shiga toxin (Stx)–encoding phages in Escherichia coli. Co-culture of E. coli O157:H7 and other E. coli isolated from cattle in the presence of sublethal concentrations of bAGPs significantly increased the emergence of non-O157, Stx-producing E. coli by triggering the SOS response system in E. coli O157:H7. The most substantial mediation of Stx phage transmission was induced by oxytetracyline and chlortetracycline, which are commonly used in agriculture. bAGPs may therefore contribute to the expansion of pathogenic Stx-producing E. coli.
Kim J, Chui L, Wang Y, Shen J, Jeon B. Expansion of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Use of Bovine Antibiotic Growth Promoters. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):802-809. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151584
Kim J, Chui L, Wang Y, et al. Expansion of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Use of Bovine Antibiotic Growth Promoters. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):802-809. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151584.
Kim, J., Chui, L., Wang, Y., Shen, J., & Jeon, B. (2016). Expansion of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Use of Bovine Antibiotic Growth Promoters. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 802-809. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151584.
Acute Human Inkoo and Chatanga Virus Infections, Finland [PDF - 499 KB - 8 pages]
N. Putkuri et al.
Inkoo virus (INKV) and Chatanga virus (CHATV), which are circulating in Finland, are mosquitoborne California serogroup orthobunyaviruses that have a high seroprevalence among humans. Worldwide, INKV infection has been poorly described, and CHATV infection has been unknown. Using serum samples collected in Finland from 7,961 patients suspected of having viral neurologic disease or Puumala virus infection during the summers of 2001–2013, we analyzed the samples to detect California serogroup infections. IgM seropositivity revealed 17 acute infections, and cross-neutralization tests confirmed presence of INKV or CHATV infections. All children (<16 years of age) with INKV infection were hospitalized; adults were outpatients with mild disease, except for 1 who was hospitalized with CHATV infection. Symptoms included fever, influenza-like illness, nausea or vomiting, disorientation, nuchal rigidity, headache, drowsiness, and seizures. Although many INKV and CHATV infections appear to be subclinical, these viruses can cause more severe disease, especially in children.
Putkuri N, Kantele A, Levanov L, Kivistö I, Brummer-Korvenkontio M, Vaheri A, et al. Acute Human Inkoo and Chatanga Virus Infections, Finland. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):810-817. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151015
Putkuri N, Kantele A, Levanov L, et al. Acute Human Inkoo and Chatanga Virus Infections, Finland. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):810-817. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151015.
Putkuri, N., Kantele, A., Levanov, L., Kivistö, I., Brummer-Korvenkontio, M., Vaheri, A....Vapalahti, O. (2016). Acute Human Inkoo and Chatanga Virus Infections, Finland. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 810-817. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151015.
Differences in Genotype, Clinical Features, and Inflammatory Potential of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto Strains from Europe and the United States [PDF - 806 KB - 10 pages]
T. Cerar et al.
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto isolates from patients with erythema migrans in Europe and the United States were compared by genotype, clinical features of infection, and inflammatory potential. Analysis of outer surface protein C and multilocus sequence typing showed that strains from these 2 regions represent distinct genotypes. Clinical features of infection with B. burgdorferi in Slovenia were similar to infection with B. afzelii or B. garinii, the other 2 Borrelia spp. that cause disease in Europe, whereas B. burgdorferi strains from the United States were associated with more severe disease. Moreover, B. burgdorferi strains from the United States induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells to secrete higher levels of cytokines and chemokines associated with innate and Th1-adaptive immune responses, whereas strains from Europe induced greater Th17-associated responses. Thus, strains of the same B. burgdorferi species from Europe and the United States represent distinct clonal lineages that vary in virulence and inflammatory potential.
Cerar T, Strle F, Stupica D, Ruzic-Sabljic E, McHugh G, Steere AC, et al. Differences in Genotype, Clinical Features, and Inflammatory Potential of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto Strains from Europe and the United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):818-827. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151806
Cerar T, Strle F, Stupica D, et al. Differences in Genotype, Clinical Features, and Inflammatory Potential of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto Strains from Europe and the United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):818-827. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151806.
Cerar, T., Strle, F., Stupica, D., Ruzic-Sabljic, E., McHugh, G., Steere, A. C....Strle, K. (2016). Differences in Genotype, Clinical Features, and Inflammatory Potential of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto Strains from Europe and the United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 818-827. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151806.
Projecting Month of Birth for At-Risk Infants after Zika Virus Disease Outbreaks [PDF - 378 KB - 5 pages]
J. Reefhuis et al.
The marked increase in infants born with microcephaly in Brazil after a 2015 outbreak of Zika virus (Zika virus) disease suggests an association between maternal Zika virus infection and congenital microcephaly. To project the timing of delivery of infants born to mothers infected during early pregnancy in 1 city in Bahia State, Brazil, we incorporated data on reported Zika virus disease cases and microcephaly cases into a graphical schematic of weekly birth cohorts. We projected that these births would occur through February 2016. Applying similar projections to a hypothetical location at which Zika virus transmission started in November, we projected that full-term infants at risk for Zika virus infection would be born during April–September 2016. We also developed a modifiable spreadsheet tool that public health officials and researchers can use for their countries to plan for deliveries of infants to women who were infected with Zika virus during different pregnancy trimesters.
Reefhuis J, Gilboa SM, Johansson MA, Valencia D, Simeone RM, Hills SL, et al. Projecting Month of Birth for At-Risk Infants after Zika Virus Disease Outbreaks. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):828-832. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160290
Reefhuis J, Gilboa SM, Johansson MA, et al. Projecting Month of Birth for At-Risk Infants after Zika Virus Disease Outbreaks. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):828-832. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160290.
Reefhuis, J., Gilboa, S. M., Johansson, M. A., Valencia, D., Simeone, R. M., Hills, S. L....Honein, M. A. (2016). Projecting Month of Birth for At-Risk Infants after Zika Virus Disease Outbreaks. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 828-832. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160290.
Genetic Characterization of Archived Bunyaviruses and their Potential for Emergence in Australia [PDF - 660 KB - 8 pages]
B. Huang et al.
To better understand the diversity of bunyaviruses and their circulation in Australia, we sequenced 5 viruses (Gan Gan, Trubanaman, Kowanyama, Yacaaba, and Taggert) isolated and serologically identified 4 decades ago as members of the family Bunyaviridae. Gan Gan and Trubanaman viruses almost perfectly matched 2 recently isolated, purportedly novel viruses, Salt Ash and Murrumbidgee viruses, respectively. Kowanyama and Yacaaba viruses were identified as being related to members of a large clade containing pathogenic viruses. Taggert virus was confirmed as being a nairovirus; several viruses of this genus are pathogenic to humans. The genetic relationships and historical experimental infections in mice reveal the potential for these viruses to lead to disease emergence.
Huang B, Firth C, Watterson D, Allcock R, Colmant A, Hobson-Peters J, et al. Genetic Characterization of Archived Bunyaviruses and their Potential for Emergence in Australia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):833-840. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151566
Huang B, Firth C, Watterson D, et al. Genetic Characterization of Archived Bunyaviruses and their Potential for Emergence in Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):833-840. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151566.
Huang, B., Firth, C., Watterson, D., Allcock, R., Colmant, A., Hobson-Peters, J....Warrilow, D. (2016). Genetic Characterization of Archived Bunyaviruses and their Potential for Emergence in Australia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 833-840. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151566.
Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Resistance to Monodesethylamodiaquine, Dakar, Senegal, 2014 [PDF - 342 KB - 5 pages]
B. Fall et al.
We successfully cultured 36 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from blood samples of 44 malaria patients admitted to the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (Dakar, Senegal) during August–December 2014. The prevalence of isolates with in vitro reduced susceptibility was 30.6% for monodesethylamodiaquine, 52.8% for chloroquine, 44.1% for mefloquine, 16.7% for doxycycline, 11.8% for piperaquine, 8.3% for artesunate, 5.9% for pyronaridine, 2.8% for quinine and dihydroartemisinin, and 0.0% for lumefantrine. The prevalence of isolates with reduced in vitro susceptibility to the artemisinin-based combination therapy partner monodesethylamodiaquine increased from 5.6% in 2013 to 30.6% in 2014. Because of the increased prevalence of P. falciparum parasites with impaired in vitro susceptibility to monodesethylamodiaquine, the implementation of in vitro and in vivo surveillance of all artemisinin-based combination therapy partners is warranted.
Fall B, Madamet M, Camara C, Amalvict R, Fall M, Nakoulima A, et al. Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Resistance to Monodesethylamodiaquine, Dakar, Senegal, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):841-845. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151321
Fall B, Madamet M, Camara C, et al. Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Resistance to Monodesethylamodiaquine, Dakar, Senegal, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):841-845. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151321.
Fall, B., Madamet, M., Camara, C., Amalvict, R., Fall, M., Nakoulima, A....Pradines, B. (2016). Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Resistance to Monodesethylamodiaquine, Dakar, Senegal, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 841-845. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151321.
Astrovirus MLB2, a New Gastroenteric Virus Associated with Meningitis and Disseminated Infection [PDF - 579 KB - 8 pages]
S. Cordey et al.
Next-generation sequencing has identified novel astroviruses for which a pathogenic role is not clearly defined. We identified astrovirus MLB2 infection in an immunocompetent case-patient and an immunocompromised patient who experienced diverse clinical manifestations, notably, meningitis and disseminated infection. The initial case-patient was identified by next-generation sequencing, which revealed astrovirus MLB2 RNA in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and anal swab specimens. We then used specific real-time reverse transcription PCR to screen 943 fecal and 424 cerebrospinal fluid samples from hospitalized patients and identified a second case of meningitis, with positive results for the agent in the patient's feces and plasma. This screening revealed 5 additional positive fecal samples: 1 from an infant with acute diarrhea and 4 from children who had received transplants. Our findings demonstrate that astrovirus MLB2, which is highly prevalent in feces, can disseminate outside the digestive tract and is an unrecognized cause of central nervous system infection.
Cordey S, Vu D, Schibler M, L'Huillier AG, Brito F, Docquier M, et al. Astrovirus MLB2, a New Gastroenteric Virus Associated with Meningitis and Disseminated Infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):846-853. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151807
Cordey S, Vu D, Schibler M, et al. Astrovirus MLB2, a New Gastroenteric Virus Associated with Meningitis and Disseminated Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):846-853. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151807.
Cordey, S., Vu, D., Schibler, M., L'Huillier, A. G., Brito, F., Docquier, M....Kaiser, L. (2016). Astrovirus MLB2, a New Gastroenteric Virus Associated with Meningitis and Disseminated Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 846-853. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151807.
Spectrum of Viral Pathogens in Blood of Malaria-Free Ill Travelers Returning to Canada [PDF - 453 KB - 8 pages]
R. Kariyawasam et al.
Malaria is the most common specific cause of fever in returning travelers, but many other vectorborne infections and viral infections are emerging and increasingly encountered by travelers. We documented common and emerging viral pathogens in malaria-negative specimens from ill travelers returning to Canada. Anonymized, malaria-negative specimens were examined for various viral pathogens by real-time PCR. Samples were positive for herpes simplex viruses 1 or 2 (n = 21, 1.6%), cytomegalovirus (n = 4, 0.3%), Epstein-Barr virus (n = 194, 14.9%), dengue virus types 1–4 (n = 27, 2.1%), chikungunya virus (n = 5, 0.4%), and hepatitis A virus (n = 12, 0.9%). Travel-acquired viral pathogens were documented in >20% of malaria-negative specimens, of which 2.5% were infected with dengue and chikungunya viruses. Our findings support the anecdotal impression that these vectorborne pathogens are emerging among persons who travel from Canada to other countries.
Kariyawasam R, Lau R, Eshaghi A, Patel SN, Sider D, Gubbay JB, et al. Spectrum of Viral Pathogens in Blood of Malaria-Free Ill Travelers Returning to Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):854-861. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151875
Kariyawasam R, Lau R, Eshaghi A, et al. Spectrum of Viral Pathogens in Blood of Malaria-Free Ill Travelers Returning to Canada. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):854-861. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151875.
Kariyawasam, R., Lau, R., Eshaghi, A., Patel, S. N., Sider, D., Gubbay, J. B....Boggild, A. K. (2016). Spectrum of Viral Pathogens in Blood of Malaria-Free Ill Travelers Returning to Canada. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 854-861. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151875.
Expanded Geographic Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Ehrlichia ewingii Infections, United States [PDF - 352 KB - 4 pages]
R. M. Harris et al.
Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial zoonosis, spread through the bites of infected ticks, that is most commonly caused in the United States by infection with the bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis. We retrospectively reviewed samples from an 18-month study of ehrlichiosis in the United States and found that E. ewingii was present in 10 (9.2%) of 109 case-patients with ehrlichiosis, a higher rate of infection with this species than had previously been reported. Two patients resided in New Jersey and Indiana, where cases have not been reported. All patients with available case histories recovered. Our study suggests a higher prevalence and wider geographic distribution of E. ewingii in the United States than previous reports have indicated.
Harris RM, Couturier BA, Sample SC, Coulter KS, Casey KK, Schlaberg R. Expanded Geographic Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Ehrlichia ewingii Infections, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):862-865. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.152009
Harris RM, Couturier BA, Sample SC, et al. Expanded Geographic Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Ehrlichia ewingii Infections, United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):862-865. doi:10.3201/eid2205.152009.
Harris, R. M., Couturier, B. A., Sample, S. C., Coulter, K. S., Casey, K. K., & Schlaberg, R. (2016). Expanded Geographic Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Ehrlichia ewingii Infections, United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 862-865. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.152009.
Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus, Mali, 2006–2013 [PDF - 516 KB - 5 pages]
A. Traoré et al.
We genetically characterized 32 canine rabies viruses isolated in Mali during 2006–2013 and identified 3 subgroups that belonged to the Africa 2 lineage. We also detected subgroup F rabies virus. This information should be useful for development of mass vaccination campaigns for dogs and eventual large-scale control programs in this country.
Traoré A, Picard-Meyer E, Mauti S, Biarnais M, Balmer O, Samaké K, et al. Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus, Mali, 2006–2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):866-870. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150470
Traoré A, Picard-Meyer E, Mauti S, et al. Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus, Mali, 2006–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):866-870. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150470.
Traoré, A., Picard-Meyer, E., Mauti, S., Biarnais, M., Balmer, O., Samaké, K....Cliquet, F. (2016). Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus, Mali, 2006–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 866-870. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150470.
Fatal Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Woman, Mexico, 2013 [PDF - 448 KB - 4 pages]
C. G. Sosa-Gutierrez et al.
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis is a febrile illness caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an intracellular bacterium transmitted by ticks. In Mexico, a case of E. chaffeensis infection in an immunocompetent 31-year-old woman without recognized tick bite was fatal. This diagnosis should be considered for patients with fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzyme levels.
Sosa-Gutierrez CG, Solorzano-Santos F, Walker D, Torres J, Serrano CA, Gordillo-Perez G. Fatal Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Woman, Mexico, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):871-874. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151217
Sosa-Gutierrez CG, Solorzano-Santos F, Walker D, et al. Fatal Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Woman, Mexico, 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):871-874. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151217.
Sosa-Gutierrez, C. G., Solorzano-Santos, F., Walker, D., Torres, J., Serrano, C. A., & Gordillo-Perez, G. (2016). Fatal Monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Woman, Mexico, 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 871-874. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151217.
Increased Rotavirus Prevalence in Diarrheal Outbreak Precipitated by Localized Flooding, Solomon Islands, 2014 [PDF - 1.82 MB - 5 pages]
F. K. Jones et al.
Flooding on 1 of the Solomon Islands precipitated a nationwide epidemic of diarrhea that spread to regions unaffected by flooding and caused >6,000 cases and 27 deaths. Rotavirus was identified in 38% of case-patients tested in the city with the most flooding. Outbreak potential related to weather reinforces the need for global rotavirus vaccination.
Jones FK, Ko AI, Becha C, Joshua C, Musto J, Thomas S, et al. Increased Rotavirus Prevalence in Diarrheal Outbreak Precipitated by Localized Flooding, Solomon Islands, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):875-879. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151743
Jones FK, Ko AI, Becha C, et al. Increased Rotavirus Prevalence in Diarrheal Outbreak Precipitated by Localized Flooding, Solomon Islands, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):875-879. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151743.
Jones, F. K., Ko, A. I., Becha, C., Joshua, C., Musto, J., Thomas, S....Nilles, E. J. (2016). Increased Rotavirus Prevalence in Diarrheal Outbreak Precipitated by Localized Flooding, Solomon Islands, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 875-879. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151743.
Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae Infection, France, 2010–2014 [PDF - 447 KB - 3 pages]
E. Angelakis et al.
To further characterize human infections caused by Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae, we tested skin biopsy and swab samples and analyzed clinical, epidemiologic, and diagnostic characteristics of patients with a rickettsiosis. The most common (38%) indigenous species was R. sibirica mongolitimonae. Significantly more cases of R. sibirica mongolitimonae infection occurred during spring and summer.
Angelakis E, Richet H, Raoult D. Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae Infection, France, 2010–2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):880-882. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.141989
Angelakis E, Richet H, Raoult D. Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae Infection, France, 2010–2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):880-882. doi:10.3201/eid2205.141989.
Angelakis, E., Richet, H., & Raoult, D. (2016). Rickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae Infection, France, 2010–2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 880-882. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.141989.
Q Fever, Scrub Typhus, and Rickettsial Diseases in Children, Kenya, 2011–2012 [PDF - 408 KB - 4 pages]
A. N. Maina et al.
To increase knowledge of undifferentiated fevers in Kenya, we tested paired serum samples from febrile children in western Kenya for antibodies against pathogens increasingly recognized to cause febrile illness in Africa. Of patients assessed, 8.9%, 22.4%, 1.1%, and 3.6% had enhanced seroreactivity to Coxiella burnetii, spotted fever group rickettsiae, typhus group rickettsiae, and scrub typhus group orientiae, respectively.
Maina AN, Farris CM, Odhiambo A, Jiang J, Laktabai J, Armstrong J, et al. Q Fever, Scrub Typhus, and Rickettsial Diseases in Children, Kenya, 2011–2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):883-886. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150953
Maina AN, Farris CM, Odhiambo A, et al. Q Fever, Scrub Typhus, and Rickettsial Diseases in Children, Kenya, 2011–2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):883-886. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150953.
Maina, A. N., Farris, C. M., Odhiambo, A., Jiang, J., Laktabai, J., Armstrong, J....O'Meara, W. P. (2016). Q Fever, Scrub Typhus, and Rickettsial Diseases in Children, Kenya, 2011–2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 883-886. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150953.
Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011–2013 [PDF - 459 KB - 4 pages]
A. Sy et al.
During 2011–2013, a nationwide outbreak of chikungunya virus infection occurred in the Philippines. The Asian genotype was identified as the predominant genotype; sporadic cases of the East/Central/South African genotype were detected in Mindanao. Further monitoring is needed to define the transmission pattern of this virus in the Philippines.
Sy A, Saito-Obata M, Medado I, Tohma K, Dapat C, Segubre-Mercado E, et al. Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011–2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):887-890. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151268
Sy A, Saito-Obata M, Medado I, et al. Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):887-890. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151268.
Sy, A., Saito-Obata, M., Medado, I., Tohma, K., Dapat, C., Segubre-Mercado, E....Oshitani, H. (2016). Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 887-890. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151268.
Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Virus Infection, Guadeloupe, 2014 [PDF - 307 KB - 4 pages]
A. Rollé et al.
During a 2014 outbreak, 450 patients with confirmed chikungunya virus infection were admitted to the University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe. Of these, 110 were nonpregnant adults; 42 had severe disease, and of those, 25 had severe sepsis or septic shock and 12 died. Severe sepsis may be a rare complication of chikungunya virus infection.
Rollé A, Schepers K, Cassadou S, Curlier E, Madeux B, Hermann-Storck C, et al. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Virus Infection, Guadeloupe, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):891-894. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151449
Rollé A, Schepers K, Cassadou S, et al. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Virus Infection, Guadeloupe, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):891-894. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151449.
Rollé, A., Schepers, K., Cassadou, S., Curlier, E., Madeux, B., Hermann-Storck, C....Hoen, B. (2016). Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Virus Infection, Guadeloupe, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 891-894. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151449.
Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014 [PDF - 487 KB - 5 pages]
F. Vairo et al.
We investigated a dengue outbreak in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2014, that was caused by dengue virus (DENV) serotype 2. DENV infection was present in 101 (20.9%) of 483 patients. Patient age and location of residence were associated with infection. Seven (4.0%) of 176 patients were co-infected with malaria and DENV.
Vairo F, Mboera L, De Nardo P, Oriyo NM, Meschi S, Rumisha SF, et al. Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):895-899. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151462
Vairo F, Mboera L, De Nardo P, et al. Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):895-899. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151462.
Vairo, F., Mboera, L., De Nardo, P., Oriyo, N. M., Meschi, S., Rumisha, S. F....Ippolito, G. (2016). Clinical, Virologic, and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Dengue Outbreak, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 895-899. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151462.
Fatal Septicemia Linked to Transmission of MRSA Clonal Complex 398 in Hospital and Nursing Home, Denmark [PDF - 346 KB - 3 pages]
R. Nielsen et al.
We describe 2 fatal cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 398 septicemia in persons who had no contact with livestock. Whole-genome sequencing of the isolated MRSA strains strongly suggest that both were of animal origin and that the patients had been infected through 2 independent person-to-person transmission chains.
Nielsen R, Kemp M, Holm A, Skov M, Detlefsen M, Hasman H, et al. Fatal Septicemia Linked to Transmission of MRSA Clonal Complex 398 in Hospital and Nursing Home, Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):900-902. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151835
Nielsen R, Kemp M, Holm A, et al. Fatal Septicemia Linked to Transmission of MRSA Clonal Complex 398 in Hospital and Nursing Home, Denmark. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):900-902. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151835.
Nielsen, R., Kemp, M., Holm, A., Skov, M., Detlefsen, M., Hasman, H....Kolmos, H. (2016). Fatal Septicemia Linked to Transmission of MRSA Clonal Complex 398 in Hospital and Nursing Home, Denmark. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 900-902. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151835.
Malaria Hyperendemicity and Risk for Artemisinin Resistance among Illegal Gold Miners, French Guiana [PDF - 479 KB - 4 pages]
V. Pommier de Santi et al.
To assess the prevalence of malaria among illegal gold miners in the French Guiana rainforest, we screened 205 miners during May–June 2014. Malaria prevalence was 48.3%; 48.5% of cases were asymptomatic. Patients reported self-medication with artemisinin-based combination therapy. Risk for emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance among gold miners in the rainforest is high.
Pommier de Santi V, Djossou F, Barthes N, Bogreau H, Hyvert G, Nguyen C, et al. Malaria Hyperendemicity and Risk for Artemisinin Resistance among Illegal Gold Miners, French Guiana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):903-906. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151957
Pommier de Santi V, Djossou F, Barthes N, et al. Malaria Hyperendemicity and Risk for Artemisinin Resistance among Illegal Gold Miners, French Guiana. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):903-906. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151957.
Pommier de Santi, V., Djossou, F., Barthes, N., Bogreau, H., Hyvert, G., Nguyen, C....Briolant, S. (2016). Malaria Hyperendemicity and Risk for Artemisinin Resistance among Illegal Gold Miners, French Guiana. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 903-906. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151957.
Linkage to Care for Suburban Heroin Users with Hepatitis C Virus Infection, New Jersey, USA [PDF - 345 KB - 3 pages]
E. Akyar et al.
We identified a 41.4% prevalence of hepatitis C virus, absence of HIV, and unexpectedly high frequency of hepatitis C virus genotype 3 among suburban New Jersey heroin users 17–35 years of age during 2014–2015. Despite 2 clinicians prepared to engage these users, few were successfully linked to care and treated.
Akyar E, Seneca KH, Akyar S, Schofield N, Schwartz MP, Nahass RG. Linkage to Care for Suburban Heroin Users with Hepatitis C Virus Infection, New Jersey, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):907-909. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151980
Akyar E, Seneca KH, Akyar S, et al. Linkage to Care for Suburban Heroin Users with Hepatitis C Virus Infection, New Jersey, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):907-909. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151980.
Akyar, E., Seneca, K. H., Akyar, S., Schofield, N., Schwartz, M. P., & Nahass, R. G. (2016). Linkage to Care for Suburban Heroin Users with Hepatitis C Virus Infection, New Jersey, USA. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 907-909. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151980.
Threat from Emerging Vectorborne Viruses [PDF - 307 KB - 2 pages]
R. Rosenberg
Rosenberg R. Threat from Emerging Vectorborne Viruses. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):910-911. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160284
Rosenberg R. Threat from Emerging Vectorborne Viruses. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):910-911. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160284.
Rosenberg, R. (2016). Threat from Emerging Vectorborne Viruses. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 910-911. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160284.
Reactivation of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Non-Hispanic Persons, Misiones Province, Argentina [PDF - 631 KB - 2 pages]
M. Rudzinski et al.
Rudzinski M, Khoury M, Couto C, Ajzenberg D. Reactivation of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Non-Hispanic Persons, Misiones Province, Argentina. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):912-913. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150025
Rudzinski M, Khoury M, Couto C, et al. Reactivation of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Non-Hispanic Persons, Misiones Province, Argentina. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):912-913. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150025.
Rudzinski, M., Khoury, M., Couto, C., & Ajzenberg, D. (2016). Reactivation of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Non-Hispanic Persons, Misiones Province, Argentina. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 912-913. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150025.
Tropical Islands as New Hubs for Emerging Arboviruses [PDF - 332 KB - 3 pages]
V. Cao-Lormeau
Cao-Lormeau V. Tropical Islands as New Hubs for Emerging Arboviruses. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):913-915. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150547
Cao-Lormeau V. Tropical Islands as New Hubs for Emerging Arboviruses. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):913-915. doi:10.3201/eid2205.150547.
Cao-Lormeau, V. (2016). Tropical Islands as New Hubs for Emerging Arboviruses. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 913-915. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.150547.
Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique [PDF - 301 KB - 3 pages]
E. Gudo et al.
Gudo E, Lesko B, Vene S, Lagerqvist N, Candido S, Razão de Deus N, et al. Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):915-917. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151002
Gudo E, Lesko B, Vene S, et al. Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):915-917. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151002.
Gudo, E., Lesko, B., Vene, S., Lagerqvist, N., Candido, S., Razão de Deus, N....Falk, K. I. (2016). Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 915-917. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151002.
Hemorrhagic Diathesis in Borrelia recurrentis Infection Imported to Germany [PDF - 481 KB - 3 pages]
C. Keller et al.
Keller C, Zumblick M, Streubel K, Eickmann M, Müller D, Kerwat M, et al. Hemorrhagic Diathesis in Borrelia recurrentis Infection Imported to Germany. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):917-919. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151557
Keller C, Zumblick M, Streubel K, et al. Hemorrhagic Diathesis in Borrelia recurrentis Infection Imported to Germany. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):917-919. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151557.
Keller, C., Zumblick, M., Streubel, K., Eickmann, M., Müller, D., Kerwat, M....Gress, T. (2016). Hemorrhagic Diathesis in Borrelia recurrentis Infection Imported to Germany. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 917-919. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151557.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus IgG in Goats, Bhutan [PDF - 277 KB - 2 pages]
S. Wangchuk et al.
Wangchuk S, Pelden S, Dorji T, Tenzin S, Thapa B, Zangmo S, et al. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus IgG in Goats, Bhutan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):919-920. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151777
Wangchuk S, Pelden S, Dorji T, et al. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus IgG in Goats, Bhutan. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):919-920. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151777.
Wangchuk, S., Pelden, S., Dorji, T., Tenzin, S., Thapa, B., Zangmo, S....Tenzin, T. (2016). Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus IgG in Goats, Bhutan. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 919-920. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151777.
Community-Associated MRSA Infection in Remote Amazon Basin Area, Peru [PDF - 307 KB - 2 pages]
C. García et al.
García C, Astocondor L, Reyes J, Carvajal LP, Arias CA, Seas C. Community-Associated MRSA Infection in Remote Amazon Basin Area, Peru. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):921-922. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151881
García C, Astocondor L, Reyes J, et al. Community-Associated MRSA Infection in Remote Amazon Basin Area, Peru. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):921-922. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151881.
García, C., Astocondor, L., Reyes, J., Carvajal, L. P., Arias, C. A., & Seas, C. (2016). Community-Associated MRSA Infection in Remote Amazon Basin Area, Peru. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 921-922. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151881.
Exposure to Bat-Associated Bartonella spp. among Humans and Other Animals, Ghana [PDF - 285 KB - 3 pages]
A. O. Mannerings et al.
Mannerings AO, Osikowicz LM, Restif O, Nyarko E, Suu-Ire R, Cunningham AA, et al. Exposure to Bat-Associated Bartonella spp. among Humans and Other Animals, Ghana. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):922-924. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151908
Mannerings AO, Osikowicz LM, Restif O, et al. Exposure to Bat-Associated Bartonella spp. among Humans and Other Animals, Ghana. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):922-924. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151908.
Mannerings, A. O., Osikowicz, L. M., Restif, O., Nyarko, E., Suu-Ire, R., Cunningham, A. A....Kosoy, M. Y. (2016). Exposure to Bat-Associated Bartonella spp. among Humans and Other Animals, Ghana. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 922-924. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151908.
Isolation of Zika Virus from Febrile Patient, Indonesia [PDF - 300 KB - 2 pages]
A. Perkasa et al.
Perkasa A, Yudhaputri F, Haryanto S, Hayati RF, Ma'roef C, Antonjaya U, et al. Isolation of Zika Virus from Febrile Patient, Indonesia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):924-925. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151915
Perkasa A, Yudhaputri F, Haryanto S, et al. Isolation of Zika Virus from Febrile Patient, Indonesia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):924-925. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151915.
Perkasa, A., Yudhaputri, F., Haryanto, S., Hayati, R. F., Ma'roef, C., Antonjaya, U....Sasmono, R. (2016). Isolation of Zika Virus from Febrile Patient, Indonesia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 924-925. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151915.
Fatal Sickle Cell Disease and Zika Virus Infection in Girl from Colombia [PDF - 343 KB - 3 pages]
L. Arzuza-Ortega et al.
Arzuza-Ortega L, Polo A, Pérez-Tatis G, López-García H, Parra E, Pardo-Herrera LC, et al. Fatal Sickle Cell Disease and Zika Virus Infection in Girl from Colombia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):925-927. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151934
Arzuza-Ortega L, Polo A, Pérez-Tatis G, et al. Fatal Sickle Cell Disease and Zika Virus Infection in Girl from Colombia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):925-927. doi:10.3201/eid2205.151934.
Arzuza-Ortega, L., Polo, A., Pérez-Tatis, G., López-García, H., Parra, E., Pardo-Herrera, L. C....Rodríguez-Morales, A. J. (2016). Fatal Sickle Cell Disease and Zika Virus Infection in Girl from Colombia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 925-927. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.151934.
Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus Transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia [PDF - 323 KB - 3 pages]
E. Camacho et al.
Camacho E, Paternina-Gomez M, Blanco PJ, Osorio JE, Aliota MT. Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus Transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):927-929. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160023
Camacho E, Paternina-Gomez M, Blanco PJ, et al. Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus Transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):927-929. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160023.
Camacho, E., Paternina-Gomez, M., Blanco, P. J., Osorio, J. E., & Aliota, M. T. (2016). Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus Transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 927-929. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160023.
Health Precautions Taken by Travelers to Countries with Ebola Virus Disease [PDF - 323 KB - 3 pages]
I. Ezeoke et al.
Ezeoke I, Saffa A, Guthartz S, Tate A, Varma JK, Vora NM. Health Precautions Taken by Travelers to Countries with Ebola Virus Disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):929-931. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160041
Ezeoke I, Saffa A, Guthartz S, et al. Health Precautions Taken by Travelers to Countries with Ebola Virus Disease. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):929-931. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160041.
Ezeoke, I., Saffa, A., Guthartz, S., Tate, A., Varma, J. K., & Vora, N. M. (2016). Health Precautions Taken by Travelers to Countries with Ebola Virus Disease. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 929-931. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160041.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Conflict in Syria [PDF - 319 KB - 3 pages]
W. S. Al-Salem et al.
Al-Salem WS, Pigott DM, Subramaniam K, Haines L, Kelly-Hope L, Molyneux DH, et al. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Conflict in Syria. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):931-933. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160042
Al-Salem WS, Pigott DM, Subramaniam K, et al. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Conflict in Syria. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):931-933. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160042.
Al-Salem, W. S., Pigott, D. M., Subramaniam, K., Haines, L., Kelly-Hope, L., Molyneux, D. H....Acosta-Serrano, A. (2016). Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and Conflict in Syria. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 931-933. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160042.
Phylogeny of Zika Virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015 [PDF - 323 KB - 3 pages]
R. Lanciotti et al.
Lanciotti R, Lambert AJ, Holodniy M, Saavedra S, Signor L. Phylogeny of Zika Virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):933-935. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160065
Lanciotti R, Lambert AJ, Holodniy M, et al. Phylogeny of Zika Virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):933-935. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160065.
Lanciotti, R., Lambert, A. J., Holodniy, M., Saavedra, S., & Signor, L. (2016). Phylogeny of Zika Virus in Western Hemisphere, 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 933-935. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160065.
Congenital Trypanosomiasis in Child Born in France to African Mother [PDF - 307 KB - 3 pages]
M. De Kyvon et al.
De Kyvon M, Maakaroun-Vermesse Z, Lanotte P, Priotto G, Perez-Simarro P, Guennoc A, et al. Congenital Trypanosomiasis in Child Born in France to African Mother. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):935-937. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160133
De Kyvon M, Maakaroun-Vermesse Z, Lanotte P, et al. Congenital Trypanosomiasis in Child Born in France to African Mother. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):935-937. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160133.
De Kyvon, M., Maakaroun-Vermesse, Z., Lanotte, P., Priotto, G., Perez-Simarro, P., Guennoc, A....Desoubeaux, G. (2016). Congenital Trypanosomiasis in Child Born in France to African Mother. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 935-937. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160133.
Asian Genotype Zika Virus Detected in Traveler Returning to Mexico from Colombia, October 2015 [PDF - 343 KB - 3 pages]
J. Díaz-Quiñonez et al.
Díaz-Quiñonez J, Escobar-Escamilla N, Wong-Arámbula C, Vázquez-Pichardo M, Torres-Longoria B, López-Martínez I, et al. Asian Genotype Zika Virus Detected in Traveler Returning to Mexico from Colombia, October 2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):937-939. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160190
Díaz-Quiñonez J, Escobar-Escamilla N, Wong-Arámbula C, et al. Asian Genotype Zika Virus Detected in Traveler Returning to Mexico from Colombia, October 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):937-939. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160190.
Díaz-Quiñonez, J., Escobar-Escamilla, N., Wong-Arámbula, C., Vázquez-Pichardo, M., Torres-Longoria, B., López-Martínez, I....Ramírez-González, J. (2016). Asian Genotype Zika Virus Detected in Traveler Returning to Mexico from Colombia, October 2015. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 937-939. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160190.
Technological Solutions to Address Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae [PDF - 273 KB - 2 pages]
C. C. Bristow et al.
Bristow CC, Dong H, Klausner JD. Technological Solutions to Address Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):939-940. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160083
Bristow CC, Dong H, Klausner JD. Technological Solutions to Address Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):939-940. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160083.
Bristow, C. C., Dong, H., & Klausner, J. D. (2016). Technological Solutions to Address Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 939-940. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160083.
Detection of Zika Virus in Semen [PDF - 259 KB - 1 page]
B. Atkinson et al.
Atkinson B, Hearn P, Afrough B, Lumley S, Carter D, Aarons EJ, et al. Detection of Zika Virus in Semen. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):940. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160107
Atkinson B, Hearn P, Afrough B, et al. Detection of Zika Virus in Semen. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):940. doi:10.3201/eid2205.160107.
Atkinson, B., Hearn, P., Afrough, B., Lumley, S., Carter, D., Aarons, E. J....Hewson, R. (2016). Detection of Zika Virus in Semen. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 940. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.160107.
Inspiration and Insecticide from the Flower Garden [PDF - 330 KB - 2 pages]
B. Breedlove and P. M. Arguin
Breedlove B, Arguin PM. Inspiration and Insecticide from the Flower Garden. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):941-942. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.ac2205
Breedlove B, Arguin PM. Inspiration and Insecticide from the Flower Garden. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):941-942. doi:10.3201/eid2205.ac2205.
Breedlove, B., & Arguin, P. M. (2016). Inspiration and Insecticide from the Flower Garden. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 941-942. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.ac2205.
Etymologia: Orthobunyavirus [PDF - 330 KB]
Etymologia: Orthobunyavirus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(5):817. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.et2205
Etymologia: Orthobunyavirus. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016;22(5):817. doi:10.3201/eid2205.et2205.
(2016). Etymologia: Orthobunyavirus. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(5), 817. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2205.et2205.
Page created: April 02, 2018
Page updated: April 02, 2018
Page reviewed: April 02, 2018

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Distinguished Alumni Award is presented annually to an alumnus/a who, through actions, deeds, or words, exemplifies the true spirit of The Country School. In keeping with The Country School Mission, Distinguished Alumni Award recipients look beyond themselves to work cooperatively with others as they serve the common good. They embody our school's commitment to honoring creativity, intellectual curiosity, and wonder. As alumni/ae of our school, they face the future with confidence, carrying with them an education that lasts a lifetime.
The 2018 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Adrien Broom '94, a renowned fine art, commercial, and portrait photographer whose work has been shown in museums and galleries across the globe.
Adrien's imaginative, fantastical, and complex works, which often involve painting and intricate set and/or costume design, have been featured in publications from Smithsonian Magazine to The New York Times. As Mila Pantovich wrote recently in the Huffington Post, "There are many different types of artists out there, from photographers and painters to sculptors and filmmakers, and some artists are talented enough that they excel at more than one medium. It's pretty darn amazing, though, when someone has so much creativity spilling from their minds that they do all of it, and that's exactly what Adrien Broom does."
During the award ceremony Adrien talked about her evolution as an artist and the philosophy that has guided her along the way. "It all just kind of started because I knew I wanted to create," she told students, adding that she was grateful to her Country School teachers for encouraging her creativity. "You can't get caught up in the details of everything being perfect – you just have to do it." For more about Adrien's work and her visit to campus, click here.
The 2017 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Jonathan Pober '99, an astrophysicist whose work focuses on the origins of the universe. An Assistant Professor of Physics at Brown University, Jonathan is part of an international collaboration known as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array, or HERA, through which scientists aim to look back more than 13.5 billion years to learn about the period when the universe first became bathed in light. Using a HERA radio telescope, the collaboration seeks to investigate a period of time when the first generations of galaxies formed, altering the cosmic landscape.
After graduating from The Country School, Jon went on to Loomis Chaffee and then Haverford College, where, as a pre-med student, he took a freshman seminar in Astrophysics and was mesmerized. He ended up majoring in Physics, Astronomy, and Philosophy, and then headed to University of Cambridge (UK) to receive his MPhil in Physics (Astronomy). From there, he went on to University of California - Berkeley for his MA and PhD in Astrophysics. He was a National Science Foundation Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellow at Brown and the University of Washington. He also served as a graduate student instructor and researcher at UC Berkeley.
In addition to his work exploring the origins of the universe, Jon is interested in the different ways students learn. At Berkeley, he co-taught a course with a social scientist and a philosopher called "Sense & Sensibility & Science," aimed at teaching students from a range of academic interests how science can fit into societal decision making. Jon lives in Providence, R.I., with his family.
The 2016 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Duncan MacLane '64 for his groundbreaking work in the field of naval architecture and for his leadership at The Country School. A renowned boat designer and world-class catamaran racer who has played a key role in several America's Cup campaigns, Duncan is also the moving force behind the David and Marcia MacLane Endowment for Scholarship at The Country School.
Along with his brother, Donald '63, Duncan grew up on The Country School campus, where his father, David T. MacLane, served as the school's first Headmaster. Duncan has described watching the school grow from a tiny group of a little more than a dozen students to a much larger school with a student body numbering more than 100. Likewise, he watched – and sometimes even helped – as 341 Opening Hill Road evolved from a tiny farmhouse and a small barn on a wooded lot to a true campus with classroom buildings, athletic fields, a library, and more.
Upon graduation in 1964, Duncan moved on to the Middlesex School and then to Swarthmore College, where he received his BA. Following in the footsteps of his father, Duncan went into teaching but an interest in sailing led him to change direction. He returned to school and received a second four-year degree in naval architecture from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. Duncan currently serves as naval architect and Vice President of Engineering at Express Marine in Camden, N.J. He also does consulting through MacLane Marine Designs, through which he has helped design several world-class racing catamarans and been involved in seven America's Cup entries.
After his father passed away in late 2011, Duncan decided to add another mission to his list of accomplishments. As a means of honoring his parents and their commitment to education, he and his wife, JoAnn, established the David and Marcia MacLane Endowment for Scholarship. To date, the scholarship has provided assistance to countless students who otherwise would not have been able to attend The Country School.
The 2015 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Katie Hartsoe '02, a costume designer for television and theater. Katie is currently the Assistant Costume Designer on the popular television show The Blacklist. She has also worked as a shopper or production assistant on a host of other television shows, including The Leftovers (HBO), The Intern (WB film), Smash, 30 Rock, and Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, and for various theatrical organizations, including Shakespeare in the Park, The Public Theater, Manhattan Theater Club, Second Stage, Playwright's Horizons, and Lincoln Center, as well as for several off-Broadway and off-off Broadway theater companies.
Katie, who was active in theater at The Country School, starring in multiple TCS musical productions, is a graduate of New York University, where she double majored in Drama and French, and Choate Rosemary Hall, where she enjoyed performing on stage and doing costume design. Over the years, she has returned to The Country School to assist with costumes during various school productions. For more about Katie and her inspiring speech to students during the Distinguished Alumni Award Ceremony, click here.
The 2014 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Stephen Davis '70, P '10, a global leader in the field of corporate governance. Also a Pulitzer Prize-nominated author, Steve has been a thoughtful and generous contributor to both his community and the larger world since his years at The Country School.
Currently, Steve serves as associate director of the Harvard Law School Programs on Corporate Governance and Institutional Investors and as a nonresident senior fellow in governance at the Brookings Institution. He has authored or co-authored several books, including The New Capitalists: How Citizen Investors are Reshaping the Corporate Agenda, which was named by the Wall Street Journal, Financial Times and Australian Financial Review as one of the best business books of 2006. His 1987 book, Apartheid's Rebels: Inside South Africa's Hidden War, was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.
Previously, Steve served as executive director of the Yale School of Management's Millstein Center for Corporate Governance and Performance and was a lecturer on the SOM faculty. He has also served on the U.S. SEC's Investor Advisory Committee, was co-organizer of the World Forum on Governance in Prague, and was a member of the World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on the Future of Long Term Investing and the Contributing Committee of Development Partners International. In addition, he serves as President of consultant Davis Global Advisors and founder-editor of the Global Proxy Watch newsletter. Steve and his wife, Clo, are the parents of Gabriel '10. Read more about Steve and the speech he delivered during the Distinguished Alumni Award Ceremony here.
The 2013 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Marietta Lee '83 P '12, '14, a businesswoman, engineer, lawyer, former television journalist, public servant, and community volunteer. After graduating from TCS, where she earned both the Math Prize and the Athletic Award, Marietta attended Choate Rosemary Hall, Georgetown (BA), and Catholic University (JD). She then enjoyed a successful career in television journalism, working for Court-TV, CBS News, and KTRK-TV in Houston, Texas, before leaving to join the family business, The Lee Company, started by her grandfather, Leighton Lee II, more than 60 years ago. While working there, she studied for and received another degree, this one in engineering.
In addition to her position as Vice President and Corporate Secretary at The Lee Company, Marietta also serves as police commissioner for the town of Madison. She has served on the Board of Directors at the Scranton Library, The Valley Shore YMCA, and The Shoreline Foundation. She founded the non-profit Madison Fireworks Organization to raise money for the town's annual Independence Day fireworks display. She is also mom to TCS alumnus Cashen Keeler '12, a student at the Taft School, and Maggie, a member of the class of 2014. Click here to read more about Marietta.
The 2012 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Tandy Beal '60, an internationally renowned dancer, choreographer, and director. Tandy has worked on four continents and created more than 100 works, both for her own company – Tandy Beal & Company – and for other companies, including the Moscow Circus, Frank Zappa, Pickle Family Circus, the Baltimore Opera, Bobby McFerrin, and the Oakland Ballet. She was the choreographer for Tim Burton's Nightmare Before Christmas as well as for corporate events for the San Francisco 49ers, Oracle, Pixar, Lucas Films, MCI and more. She received the Distinguished Alumni Award at the Hopkins School in 1999. To read more about Tandy and her myriad awards and accomplishments, visit www.tandybeal.com.
To read about her visit to TCS, click here.
Edward (Ted) London '77 received the 2011 Distinguished Alumni Award. A scholar on issues relating to the Base of the Pyramid (BoP), Ted focuses his research on combining business strategies with poverty alleviation. To this end, he has developed a framework to assist BoP ventures evaluate the impact of their initiatives. Ted teaches an MBA course at the University of Michigan and serves as director of the Base of the Pyramid Initiative at the William Davidson Institute. He is also an author and lectures widely about his specialty.
After graduating with a BS in Mechanical Engineering from Lehigh University and an MBA from Claremont Graduate University, Ted joined the Peace Corps in Malawi. He later received his PhD at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His experience includes co-managing a regional business program in Malawi and serving as a general manager for an Indonesian joint venture headed by McCormick Spices. He lives with his family in Michigan. To read about Ted's visit to The Country School, click here.
The 2010 Distinguished Alumni Award was presented to Jade (Jessica) Walker '93, the founder and co-director of Mill Creek Urban Farm in West Philadelphia, PA. Mill Creek Urban Farm is dedicated to improving local access to fresh produce, building a healthy community and environment, and promoting a just and sustainable food system. Jade attended the Hopkins School and the University of Vermont, where she majored in English and Environmental Science.


At Apex Competition Systems we make custom wheel studs to professional racing specifications.
We also sell a complete line of wheel stud conversion kits for most cars using OE wheels bolts.
If you are racing or are a performance enthusiast, we have a safer and stronger solution for you.
Please use the links to the upper left to navigate through our product information.
If you are a dealer or shop looking for high quality wheels studs and nuts please see our dealer info here.


What type of mobile plan works for you?
What type of mobile plan works best for you?
When it comes to picking a mobile plan that's right for you, there's a lot to consider. Are you someone who needs a lot of data? Is talk time your highest priority? Or maybe you need to call overseas?
With smartphones getting smarter and being used for more and more everyday tasks, our use of them becomes more frequent - and with higher use, can come higher data usage. When it comes to getting the most data from your phone plan, there are a few different options you have depending on how much data you need.
For all you chatterboxes out there, unlimited calls are a must for any phone plan. And we've got good news for you. Whether you're after pre or post-paid plan, all Woolworths Mobile plans come with unlimited call time in Australia. Plus, our $30, $40 and $50 pre-paid mobile plans come with unlimited international calls to China, USA, South Korea, India, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, United Kingdom and Indonesia.
We've got something for all you globetrotters too. The Woolworths Global Roaming travel SIM card allows you to roam in over 180 countries. Just like here in Australia, you'll be able to make and receive calls, send texts and access the internet and emails where you're travelling. Find out more about Woolworths Global Roaming SIM and which countries it covers here.
Did you know your can link your rewards number to your plan via the app? By linking your Woolworths Rewards card, you'll earn 2 points for every $1 spent on any SIM only or Flexi Plan.
And one of Woolworths Mobile customers favourite features with our pre-paid plans is that you can use your data bank and move between plans depending on how much data you will need each month. For example: If you're on a $30 pre-paid plan and have 15GB unused data in your Data Bank, you can switch to a $20 pre-paid plan with 2GB the next month and still have 15GB in your data bank, that's 17GB. This way you can make the most of your data without breaking the bank^.
Learn more about Woolworths pre-paid mobile plans.
You can manage your Woolworths Mobile from the convenience of your trusty smartphone with the Woolworths Mobile App. From updating your details to managing your bills, it's all just a few clicks away.
Smartphones are only as smart as the network they're on. Woolworths Mobile uses parts of Telstra's 4G and 3G network, covering over 23 million Australians*. That's an incredible 1.59 million square kilometres of coverage. You can check the network coverage you'll have with Woolworths Mobile here.
Are you someone who likes to have the latest handset? We've got you covered with the latest handsets from Samsung and OPPO. All you need to do is choose your mobile plan and then select that handset that'll have you talking in style.
Already on a plan and just need a new device? No worries, we have a range of unlocked phones for you to choose from.
*Based on the aggregate user rating as at 13 March 2018 for the Woolworths Mobile app in the iOS App store and Google Play store in Australia.
^^International and Extras Extension must be activated to make calls and send messages to international and satellite numbers and use extra services such as video calls and video MMS to Australian numbers, Dial IT Time and Weather, Directory Assistance, and SMS to 13/1300/18/1800 numbers. If you activate this extension, you must choose a limit (in multiples of $10 and with a maximum of $100) up to which you will you can make these calls and use these services.


Contact us today with your custom rug specifications or to select the area rug of your choice. Can't find what you're looking for? We can help you create your own area rug to fit your style and space.
Add a warm splash of personality to your flooring with an area rug. Receive a free quote today by filling out the form on this page.


As per users request and demands, we have introduced the first HTML5 live chat roulette. New policies Seek exchange partners here. Ratinator is the ultimate light-hearted shooter with a quick-footed mouse leading the charge against a host of evil vermin, insects and other pests. Find A Chat Line: You can cheer up by wearing funky outfits, tradition wearing, funny clown anything that you like to be, to make people see and cheer up themselves. Just pick a username and password.
Read more Jan brady gifs find share on giphy.
Well you can officially cancel your current subscription, as tawk. Are you tired of typing at people? Club Marian features three islands to explore, a cool music maker, emotes, customizable avatars and a sports car to drive. What you can do with tawk.
I am hooked, babe. You are a flawless diamond . You will see me again. For sure.
Is this women suppose to assume every guy who talks to her is pursuing her?
Btw, looooooove those shorts!! And, br3, bwahaha . . . that's like asking for your friend's girlfriend's number.
One of the most succinct and valid dating articles I've ever read.


A database can include different types of data, database applications, database systems, database servers, and the associated network links. Database security protects your subscribers' email addresses and related personal information.
Update security patches: Continually install and update security patches for your company's internal network to prevent malicious actors from exploiting vulnerabilities on your system.
Antivirus/Malware: Correctly install and configure antivirus or malware protection software and install updates as soon as they are available.
Access control: Limit access to sensitive information on a need-to-know basis. Make sure databases are not open and accessible to the internet. They need to be located behind a firewall, only accessible from trusted IPs.
Log monitoring: Log significant computer and network security events, including password-cracking attempts, hacking and virus incidents, and changes to system software.
Test applications: Test applications that connect to the database to ensure that SQL injection is not possible and that application-based queries are bound to specific user roles to prevent data leakage.
Enable remote wipe functionality: Enable remote wipe functionality for mobile devices. If the device is ever lost or stolen, you can clear it of any personal data remotely. If your business allows a Bring your Own Device policy, require user acceptance of corporate control and monitoring.
Avoid using shared accounts and change default passwords.
Enforce password complexity, length and expiration policies.
Require at least eight characters.
Require a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters with at least one special character (!, &, ?).
Limit similarity to previous and current passwords.
Limit password attempts by enabling account lockout to protect against brute force and birthday attacks.
Force password changes every 60-90 days. Do not encourage users to change passwords too often, which may lead to poor password choices.
Use hashes to store passwords to ensure confidentiality of data, and wherever possible enable Two Factor Authentication.


text:
COMMUNITY MINISTRIES OF ROCKVILLE, INC. (Est. 1967)
Rockville Emergency Assistance Program
Elderly Ministries
Language Outreach Program
Faith Affiliates
CMR Selected for 2018/2019 Catalogue for Philanthropy
Once again, CMR has been selected for the prestigious Catalogue for Philanthropy (CFP). The latest edition features the "best small charities in the Greater Washington area." In a region full of nonprofit organizations of every kind, being included among 126 small charities is a great honor.
The Catalogue for Philanthropy (CFP) was formed in 2003 as the "region's only locally-focused guide to giving and volunteering." The vetting process for inclusion in the CFP is significant. After completing an extensive application, a non-profit is reviewed by a team of experts in the fields of philanthropy, nonprofit, and government. Reviewers evaluate organizations based on mission, quality of programs, leadership and staff, and evidence of impact. Financial reviewers assess each organization's soundness; expense and revenue projections; fiscal transparency; percent of budget spent on administrative costs; staff salaries; and board participation in fund development. In addition, reviewers frequently make in-person visits to organizations being evaluated.
CMR first appeared in the CFP's 2014/15 print edition, the first time we applied. Based on their rules, we were barred from submitting again until this year. Inclusion offers CMR both visibility and credibility to new potential funders. It also provides a "Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval" to those investigating nonprofits that are judged to be well-run and fiscally responsible. Inclusion in the Catalogue is further evidence that our programs improve the quality of life for the most vulnerable Rockville and Montgomery County residents by providing basic health and human services with the goal of helping them achieve and maintain self-sufficiency.
See CMR's full listing in the Catalogue for Philanthropy.
Elderly Ministries Brings Family Together
Mr. H. and his wife came to us fifteen years ago when his wife was 84 and he 60. His wife did not have Social Security or Medicare, so Mr. Herbert's work provided the needed medical insurance.
Volunteer Appreciation Reception
Benefit Concert for REAP
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1010 Grandin Avenue, Suite A1 | Rockville, MD 20851 | (301) 637-0730 | info@cmrocks.org | Site by Cape Rosier Consulting.


"I don't live in Los Angeles, NYC or London. How am I supposed to find performing work? If I knew how to find work, then I'd use PerformerTrack, but there's no work so what can I do?"
We get this question a lot in emails, at seminars and during the Q&A portions of our live webinars.
Go get a gig... and not just ANY gig, but the gig you WANT without leaving your family behind, without packing up your car and heading out on a road trip.
In this first installment, let's tackle, working in FILM.
We all know this is a relationship business right? You aren't going to get work by sitting at home watching your favorite movies on IFC, Sundance Channel or through Netflix or Hulu.
2. Even if they were interested in having you audition how would you cover your airfare, hotel, car rental, child care, pet sitting, airport transfers, etc.?
So here's are 4 tips for this months' get the gig you want in FILM!
Where you live, what are the closest film festivals? Where and when are they happening? Go to Google, type in "Film Festival" + "your city", or the biggest city near your city.
Visit the Film Festival Websites, add the dates in your PerformerTrack Calendar.
Sign up for Festival's e-mail newsletter. Register to attend the Festival... it doesn't matter that you don't know a soul or don't have a project screening, immerse yourself in the Festival!
Before the Festival get your business cards in order, update your headshots, your resume, your website... haven't done that, need them? Make sure you pay attention to our IndustryDeal.com daily e-mails so that you can SAVE BIG and get these basic, tax-deductible marketing materials in order before the Festival.
Attend as many screenings, Q&A's and social events as possible and meet people. Put on your "welcome to my area" face and reach out to attendees who might not be from your neck of the woods, give them local suggestions, meet them for coffee, etc.
For the locals, make sure you inquire about local networking events for AFTER the Festival... (i.e. - the upcoming weeks and months). If they say there's nothing going on... guess what? It's time to start your own Meetup.com group before the Festival, visit the website and watch the trailers of those attending, look up the Industry professionals on IMDb.com and other social networks, introduce yourself, ask if they are attending "such and such event", or ask them if they'd like to meet for coffee at a nearby hotel lobby, local coffee shop, etc. Provide them with a link to your website with your demo reel, your headshots, bio, resume and other career info.
After the Festival. Add their contact info to your PerformerTrack account (it is IMPERATIVE that you get their contact info). To make sure you do get their contact info use our FREE ShowBizCards by bringing them with you to the Festival and all the events and set an appointment in PerformerTrack to follow-up with them. What are they working on? Did they enjoy themselves in your area? Let them know you are looking to expand your contact and career opportunities from your "little town".
Where you live, where is the local Film Office?
Go to Google, type in "Film Office" or "Film Commission" + "Your City" or the biggest city near your city.
Go to their website, sign up for their newsletter. Add their Company Name, website and other details in the Contacts section of PerformerTrack. Make sure you sign up to attend their events. Do they have seminars? Screenings? Workshops? Classes? Even if the subject matter sounds boring, over-your-head, or not what you really want to do - GO! Go and meet these people, exchange contact info, look for leads... people, events, casting information. Let others know you are a professional, what your true passions are and how you might collaborate together.
This is your local community, so get out there and support it. Do they need someone to assist with checking people in at events? Are they looking for an intern? Do they need someone to help out at upcoming auditions? Even if you are not auditioning (yet) be the performer who reaches out to help out. Meet others who might live near your TINY TOWN and offer to carpool with them to then next event. Initially you may have to commute an hour or two, but make a friend and come out of your shell.
Where you live, who else is creating content in your area? Hmmm... are there local Meetups for Filmmakers?
Check out Meetup.com, enter in your zip code and look for Content Creators, Filmmakers, Entertainment Industry Pros, Short Film and even Web Series Fans.
Create a zesty profile. This means putting up a photo, links to your demos, bio and resume. Register for the next event, and go!
Bring your ShowBizCards. Ask around who is working, who is in pre-production. Is there are table read coming up? Do they need a PA? When are auditions? Put it out there.
After the Meetup. Add their contact info to your PerformerTrack account, you MUST get their contact info. and set an appointment in PerformerTrack to follow-up with them. What are they working on? Did they enjoy themselves at the event? Let them know you are looking to expand your contact and career opportunities from your "little town".
Where you live, who else is creating content in your area? Hmmm... are there any Colleges or Universities with film programs?
Go to Google, type in Film Making Program + College (or University) + your city or the biggest city near your city.
Find out who is the head of the department and e-mail them, or call them and introduce yourself.
"Hello this is Joe Performer, I'm an actor in (YOUR TINY TOWN). Is there a list I can get on for auditions with the film students? Do you need actors to work on scenes in class with the directors? I've previously worked on 'xyz project' (or I'm starting out and looking to expand my contacts and my resume). I'm looking to work on productions to get clips to add to my demo reel. I'm often cast as these types of characters..."
Join their email list, mail in your headshot & resume, send photo postcards to the department head and any other contacts at the college/university. Be the performer they think of when there's an acting opportunity in their classes.
So what are your thoughts? What targeted action DAILY are you going to take?
Let us know! Leave a comment below.