text:
Alexander Davenport
adavenport@ogdenvalleyadaptivesports.org
Prior to joining OVAS, Alexander Davenport was the Founder and Executive Director of Northern Arizona Adaptive Sports Association. His enthusiasm for outdoor winter recreation is matched only by his passion for making it accessible to all people. At his core he is an educator who loves making connections with people and sharing the exhilaration of sliding on snow. He is a graduate of Northern Arizona University with a degree in Disability Studies and along with his Level 3 Adaptive, Level 2 Alpine, CS2, and AASI Level 1 he holds a Rocky Mountain Trainer Accreditation from Professional Ski Instructors of America. Alex has been a member of PSIA for 8 years. Mr. Davenport has played an integral role in creating accessible, therapeutic adaptive and inclusive experiences in northern Arizona and continues to dedicate himself to inclusive recreation expansion in his new community, Ogden Valley. Before discovering his enthusiasm for adaptive recreation, Mr. Davenport was honorably discharged as an E-5 from the United States Marine Corps.
Kyle Andrew
Program Coordinator and Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist
kandrew@ogdenvalleyadaptivesports.org
Prior to joining OVAS, Kyle Andrew was the Program Coordinator for Common Ground Outdoor Adventures in Logan, Utah. He loves connecting with people and getting them in the great outdoors. He graduated from Brigham Young University – Idaho, with a degree in Recreational Therapy. In addition to his degree he holds a Certified Therapeutic Recreational Therapist accreditation along with Level 1 alpine and level 1 adaptive certification by the Professional Ski Instructors of America. He loves working with his hands and is an expert in adaptive equipment. In his free time he loves mountain biking, rock climbing, and skiing. He also enjoys spending time with his family and traveling. Kyle is dedicated to bringing the outdoors to everybody.
Amy Holt
aholt@ogdenvalleyadaptivesports.org
Prior to joining Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports, Amy Holt was an adaptive ski instructor and volunteer trainer for the National Sport Center for the Disabled in Winter Park, Colorado. She also worked as a Paraprofessional in the local elementary school there as well. She believes that recreation should be accessible for all individuals and works every day to make that a reality. She graduated from Eastern Washington University with a degree in Recreational Therapy. In addition to her degree she holds a Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist accreditation along with Professional Ski Instructors of America Level 1 Alpine certification. She loves working with people to connect and create meaningful relationships. In her free time, she enjoys skiing, mountain biking, painting, and cooking. She also loves spending time with loved ones outdoors.
ANDREW "DREW" LEWIS
alewis@ogdenvalleyadaptivesports.org
Prior to coming to Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports, Drew taught skiing and snowboarding at Powder Mountain for three years. Prior to Powder Mountain, Drew taught at THE Arizona Snowbowl for nine years and supervised their children's program. In the non-winter months, Drew has been a rafting guide in the Grand Canyon with Wilderness River Adventures for seven years. Drew holds his Professional Ski Instructors of America Level 1 Alpine and Level 1 Adaptive certifications. His belief is that outdoor recreation should be available to everyone. As it has brought him so much joy, it is only fair to share that joy with others. When he is not at work, he enjoys sliding on snow, playing in rivers, spending time with his partner, and being outside any way possible.
Ski Instructors
David Wardrop
PSIA Alpine Level 1 Instructor, PSIA Adaptive Level 1, PSIA Child Specialist
Cindy Conlin
Dustin Anderson
Terrie Hanrahan
Tom Holmes
William Taylor
PSIA Alpine Level 1 Instructor, PSIA Adaptive Level 1, Snowboard Level 1 Instructor
Craig Hatton
Jake Vellinga
Kendra Lott
Maddie Stagg
Lori Anderson
Lindi Hopkins
Jacob Vigneault
Our volunteer, unpaid Board of Trustees provides fiduciary oversight of the organization and subject matter expertise to the staff and volunteers.
Don Hickman
Don Hickman is a veteran, a coach, and an outdoorsman. He served over 25 years in the Air Force and now actively supports the disabled and veteran communities in northern Utah. One of his passions is assuring that everyone, regardless of their ability, has the opportunity to enjoy our great outdoors. Don is or has been a member and board officer on multiple non-profit and for-profit boards of directors, including Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports (OVAS), Ogden Nature Center, Ogden Nordic and Davis Hospital. He has successfully led teams of 2 to over 3,500 employees, has been a senior program manager for a 685,000 employee worldwide organization, and led eleven different business units. Don owns and operates Hickman Group, LLC, and A Helping Hand Financial Coaching, a service-disabled veteran-owned small business. He is a certified professional ski instructor, specializing in the cross country and adaptive disciplines. Don volunteers for the US Paralympic Nordic (Cross Country) Team as a guide and coach, primarily with visually impaired athletes. Through OVAS and the US Paralympic Nordic Team he directly coaches, mentors, and supports fellow disabled US military veterans and other persons with disabilities. The winter and snow are Don's favorites, and you'll find him skiing cross country, alpine, and telemark styles at our world-class resorts and parks in Ogden Valley. An avid fly fisherman and backpacker, Don has trekked throughout North America, the Alps, New Zealand, and the Himalaya (Nepal). You will likely find him hiking the trails, on his mountain bike, or riding horses in the mountains and deserts of Utah, Wyoming, and Colorado. He enjoys big and small game hunting as well. Don lives in Ogden Valley with his wife Stacey and their critters (horses, dogs and cats).
Paul Fejtek
Paul Fejtek is a resident of Eden, UT and has always been passionate about skiing and the outdoors. He became an Eagle Scout as a youth and later a PSIA certified ski instructor at Bear Mountain while attending business school at the University of Southern California. He continued teaching skiing part-time for 12 years throughout his early business career which included managing and successfully selling a family business with over 75 employees. Paul went on to receive an MBA from Pepperdine University and work for Citigroup as an investment banker running Merger & Acquisition transactions for private companies. Twenty-five years later he continues this professional focus part-time as Managing Director of Ascendiant Capital Markets.
Paul is the author of "Steps to the Summit – Reaching the Top in Business and Life" which chronicles the adventures and lessons learned while he and his wife Denise climbed the Seven Summits – the highest mountains on each of the seven continents. The couple have been actively involved with the Challenged Athletes Foundation for more than two decades, named as top fundraisers in multiple years, and Paul has received the organization's prestigious "Most Inspirational Athlete" award. Paul has a personal affinity and enthusiasm for adaptive sports as a result of overcoming obstacles with a birth injury known as brachial plexus palsy.
Mona Oversteg
Mona has been an Occupational Therapist for 37 years. The majority of her career has entailed working with children with disabilities in an Early Intervention and Public School setting. Her passion is working with people with challenges to help them maximize their physical, emotional, and social potentials. She has expertise in helping people access equipment, activities, and community resources to allow them to engage and participate more fully in valued activities together with their families. She also has a high level of expertise in identifying adaptive equipment for individuals with disabilities to increase their independence performing activities of daily living and enhancing their quality of life.
Mona is married to a great guy named Pete, and has two grown children, Ryan and Addie. Her family is very active and loves to take advantage of the plentiful outdoor activities that abound in beautiful Utah. Her hobbies include backpacking, golfing, fly fishing, skiing and mountain biking.
Skip Schenck
Skip is a northern Utah native that prefers to spend as much time as possible on a board, whether that is his snowboard, wakeboard or the board of directors. He grew up in the then small town of South Weber where he spent a lot of his free time in the hills below Hill Air Force Base. There he loved catching lizards, practicing his aim with his bb gun, building forts, or swimming in the Weber River. Nowadays if Skip is not behind his desk, you will either find him in the outdoors with his wife and two kids, or watching the Utah Jazz play.
Skip is a Certified Public Accountant with a Master's Degree in Taxation. He has spent the last 12+ years working in Public Accounting as a tax preparer/consultant. He now specializes in tax incentives, primarily Research & Development Credits. Skip has also served on the Ogden Nature Center Board and was the Treasurer for three years.
Jennifer Romesser
Dr. Jennifer Romesser is a Clinical Psychologist at the George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center in Salt Lake City, Utah. Her career has been dedicated to working with U.S. Service Members and Veterans. Her clinical interests include rehabilitation neuropsychology, and adjustment to disability following neurological injury and disease. She serves as Director of a clinical trials program at the SLC VA, and is currently an investigator on four interventional studies focused on trauma, PTSD, and chronic pain. Dr. Romesser has also worked with several neuro-rehabilitation centers in SLC, providing therapeutic services following spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, and stroke. Her clinical interests connected her to the Adaptive Sports community in 2007. Dr. Romesser helped Wasatch Adaptive Sports create their Veterans program, and served on their Board of Directors for 11 years. This experience provided her the opportunity to personally witness the value of connection to the outdoors following physical and emotional trauma and has fostered her passion to make outdoor opportunities accessible for all.
Having grown up on the beaches of Southern California, Jen quickly fell in love with the Wasatch mountains during her graduate training. She has lived in Utah since 2007, and is a resident of Ogden Valley. Spending time outdoors and being active is an important part of her personal and family life.
Rich Koski
Rich Koski has been a resident of Mountain Green, UT since 2003 and a member of the Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports for well over a decade. He was born and raised in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and spent most of his working career in Minneapolis, MN where he and his spouse, Carol, raised three sons. Rich earned an undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering as well as an MBA. Following an initial career as an engineer he spent the balance of his career in technical sales and sales management. Upon moving to Utah, Rich took a 'retirement job' with Visit Ogden managing their sales team.
Ironically, Rich's introduction to the unlimited potential of people with disabilities came at the same time as he discovered his passion for skiing. Working as a project engineer, a colleague, friend and roommate convinced him to go skiing. This friend, who he also golfed and biked with and had lost a hand in an accident, proceeded to teach Rich how to ski and more importantly the ability for people to adapt.
Since retiring fully Rich has served on several boards while enjoying skiing, hiking, traveling and spending time with their grandkids.
Denise Fejtek
Denise has a business management degree and spent more than a decade working as a project manager for Stantec, a publicly-traded civil engineering firm, where she oversaw all government relations, entitlement, permitting, research and relationships with developers. Previously she worked at the City of Irvine Community Development Department interfacing with the building, public works and planning departments.
Her background also includes more than 10 years working in the travel industry and later guiding business leaders on corporate adventure-based retreats to international destinations as the Chief Experience Officer for Step Outdoor Adventures. Denise holds a PSIA certification and is a local Eden resident. She enjoys speaking to corporate and professional organizations sharing business lessons learned while climbing the highest mountains around the world and has been honored to share her story on the prestigious TED platform. Her climbs have been in support of the Challenged Athletes Foundation, an organization providing grants for adaptive sports worldwide. Denise is also the first and only woman in history to complete the "Peak to Heat Double" – the combination of summiting Mt. Everest and finishing the Triathlon World Championship, the Hawaii Ironman in Kona.
Ryan Woolsey
Ryan Woolsey brings to OVAS a wealth of ski industry experience having spent numerous years as a ski patroller, assistant mountain manger and has also worked for the United States Forest Service. He graduated from Weber State University with a degree in English and a minor in German. Ryan is currently the Director of Health & Safety for Snowbasin Resort where he promotes safety awareness and supports the health and wellbeing of resort employees and guests through various programs which have received several awards from the National Ski Area Association. Ryan takes pride in helping kids and adults enjoy his mountain who wouldn't be able to do so without OVAS.
Barbara Hill
Barbara was born and raised in northern Minnesota. She loves the outdoors and is passionate about supporting others. She spent 27 years as a military spouse where she specialized in fundraising, volunteering, and working for non-profit organizations. She now brings her talent, enthusiasm and passion to OVAS to help kids and adults of all abilities enjoy the many outdoor sports and recreation opportunities that Utah has to offer.
Our volunteer, unpaid Advisory Board provides subject matter expertise and advice to our staff and the Board of Trustees.
Peggie Ambrey
Peggie Ambrey discovered OVAS when her special needs grandson, who has a rare chromosome deletion, enrolled in ski lessons. She has been a member of the OVAS Board since 2018 and currently serves as the Board Treasurer. She previously served as chair of the Fundraising Committee. Peggie has involved herself in OVAS as a way to help carry out the organization's mission, given the profound impact it has had, enabling her entire family to experience the outdoors together. She strongly believes that every person has the fundamental right to access nature and sports/recreation. She is a native of Utah with a strong family history of skiing and has always been an outdoor enthusiast. For over 30 years, Peggie was a business owner in the ski industry and has a deep understanding of the multi-faceted operational requirements of running a successful organization. She is continually inspired by the participants in the OVAS program and has personally witnessed the ways in which this program changes lives.
Lisa Karam
Lisa grew up inside D.C.'s Beltway in Silver Spring, Maryland. She has degrees in Marketing and Organizational Management from Palm Beach Atlantic University. After a 14-year career as an executive in the retail industry, she arrived in Utah in 1997 to develop real estate.
Lisa has been a licensed real estate Associate Broker for the last 17 years selling over 200 properties in Ogden Valley and surrounding areas. She achieved Coldwell Banker International President's Circle status, Guild member status as a Certified Luxury Home Marketing Specialist, is a certified Resort and Second Home Property Specialist, and a member of the invitation-only REALM Global network.
Outside of her professional life, she has been extremely active in community affairs. Lisa co-founded the Ogden Valley Business Association and was past Chair of boards of the Ogden-Weber Chamber of Commerce and The Ogden-Weber Convention and Visitors Bureau. She currently sits on the Ogden Valley Land Trust board, the Weber County Tourism Tax Advisory Board and Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports board.
Lisa has served the Ogden Valley Adaptive Sports organization as board secretary and one of the primary organizers of the annual Demo Day fundraiser from its' inception.
Lisa and her husband Walt are avid skiers and sailors and exemplify all the aspects of living the Ogden Valley Lifestyle.


Chevron Hotel/St Kilda Road Melbourne 1950's., 1950s, courtesy of Chinese Museum (Museum of Chinese Australian History).
George Wing Dann Chen was Mabel Wang's (married to David Wang) father. He and his three brothers ran the banana wholesaling company, Wing Young & Co established in 1924-5 at 139 Little Bourke Street.
Sources used to compile this entry: Couchman, Sophie, 'The banana trade: Its importance to Melbourne's Chinese and Little Bourke Street, 1880s-1930s', in P. Macgregor (ed.), Histories of the Chinese in Australasia and the South Pacific, Museum of Chinese Australian History, Melbourne, 1995, pp. 75-90.


Love all the melodic content in this. I had one suggestion: that nice mono synth melody that comes in at 2:30, what if you didn't sidechain compress it to the kicks? The huffing/pumping compression on the song is nice overall but I wonder how it would sound if the melody stood out above it, maybe with its own dynamics?


We are proud to present to you our replacement filter that tastes great by leaving potentially healthy, beneficial minerals while removing chlorine, other chemicals and contaminants. We hope you join the millions of user of our filters and stay with us for years to come.
Costs less than Samsung without compromising quality or flow rate.
If you have any questions about this product by Waterfall Filter, contact us by completing and submitting the form below. If you are looking for a specif part number, please include it with your message.


Crompton	Sales Inc is an independent multi-line professional sales	company providing sales and services for established	suppliers into a variety of business with a focus on dairy,	food and beverages.
Crompton Sales is pleaded to introdue Peace River Citrus to	our customers!
Silgan Closures New Castle, PA manufacturing is in full	production!


text:
Q: Why does ofstream::flush() return ostream? I was trying to do:
std::ofstream outFile (fname, std::ios::binary);
//...
outFile.flush();
outFile.close();

which works fine. But when I try to combine the two lines since flush returns a reference:
outFile.flush().close();

It gives error saying:
error: 'struct std::basic_ostream<char>' has no member named 'close'

Then I looked at the reference more carefully and found out it actually returns ostream instread of ofstream..
why is this the case? Is it a bug or designed?

A: This is by design.
ostream is a class that encompasses writing a sequence to an associated stream buffer, which is an abstract class that is in charge of writing and reading to something. That something could be anything; a file, the console, a socket, etc.
ofstream is really just a convenience class that extends an ostream to 'automatically' use a type of stream buffer that writes to a file, called a filebuf. The only functions provided by ofstream are open, is_open, and close; these are really just an easy interface to the file-specific functionality of the underlying filebuf stream buffer object.
If you really wanted, you could create an ostream that does the exact same thing as an ofstream. It just requires more code and isn't as pretty or explicit.
std::filebuf f;
f.open(fname, std::ios::binary);

std::ostream os(&f);
os.write("Hello world!", 12);
os.flush();

// Error! close() isn't part of the streambuf interface, it's specific to
// files.
os.close();

Basically, ofstream doesn't actually do any sort of writing, so it doesn't implement functions like flush and write. All of the writing is done via the ostream class, which manipulates an underlying streambuf class, whose job it is to make sure the data reaches it's intended location (i.e. a file).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
A witness alleged that Turner took a 12-gauge shotgun from a closet, racked a live round into the gun and shot Vianca in the head, according to the affidavit. Turner told authorities the gun went off after the victim was playing with it.
Outspoken and creative, Vianca aspired to work in fashion design, said her mother, Jenell Harris.
She was the youngest of five girls and one boy.
"She was my baby girl out of six kids," Harris said. "She was beautiful. She was my last baby of the bundle, and she was taken from me just like that. There's no way I can bring her back. I wish I could."
Reach reporter Katie Fretland at kfretland@gannett.com or on Twitter: @katiefretland.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <item
        android:id="@+id/delay"
        android:title="@string/delayedTime" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/speed"
        android:title="@string/change_speed" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/intercept"
        android:title="@string/intercept_back_event" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/repeat"
        android:title="@string/repeat_draw" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/color"
        android:visible="false"
        android:title="@string/change_color" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/style"
        android:title="@string/change_style" />
</menu>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


With no set goal today, I just started wandering the neighborhoods in the area of my hotel.
Japan's zoning laws are pretty cool. Explained very basic: they can only zone upwards and "higher" zones will always include all zones below. E.g. Low density > High Density > Commercial > Industrial. Basically the thing zoned is nuisance level. This makes for very interesting neighborhoods.
As space is scarce in Tokyo, every nook and cranny is used for something. For example the two shops under the train tracks.
Just a stone's throw away from one of the highest structures in the world (The Tokyo SKYTREE) lies a calm residential neighborhood. You can see the SKYTREE structure in the background.
It's customary for new residents of a building to tear it down and replace it with their own (new) built home. This makes for a great mix of building ages.
Over time the number of passengers increased and the trains became longer and longer. Now they almost don't fit the station building anymore.
We should place cones here to show this passage is dangerous.


text:
Sven Erik Artur Pettersson (né le  à Härnösand et mort le ) est un sauteur à ski suédois.

Il termine cinquième à l'épreuve du petit tremplin de Saut à ski aux Jeux olympiques de 1956.

Biographie

Palmarès

Jeux olympiques
  Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956 :   en individuel

Liens externes

Naissance en juillet 1927
Naissance à Härnösand
Sauteur à ski suédois
Sauteur à ski aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1956
Décès en avril 2017
Décès à 89 ans
Décès en Suède

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


+ Newman Choir – Open to parishioners who like to sing! Please join us as we sing, share and worship together. Rehearsals are Wednesday from 6:00-7:00. You will sing at the 8:00 and 10:15 Masses. Talent not required, just a love for music and God.
+ Newman Voices – Open to all college students who like to sing. Instruments welcome, too! We rehearse at 8:00pm before the 9:00pm Mass on Sunday. You will sing at the 9:00 pm Sunday Mass.
+ Newman Youth – Please join as we sing, learn, and praise God with our voices! Rehearsals are Wednesdays from 4:30-5:30. ]Open to all school-aged parishioners, with the minimum requirement of being able to read.. We sing every other Sunday at 10:15 Mass.
+ Cantors – If you are interested in (solo!) singing at the 4:30 or 12:00 Masses, please contact Sarah Wright at newmanniumusic@gmail.com for more information. Open to college students and adults.
+ Instrumentalists – Christmas, Easter, Weddings and Funerals are when you are most needed. Please contact Sarah Wright at newmanniumusic@gmail.com with your instrument. Open to high school students, college students and adults. Minimal time commitment but a great way to share you talents!


text:
What's on offer in the village of Lyndhurst
Lyndhurst (Photo by New Forest Ninth Centenary Trust/Nigel Pressnell)
Lyndhurst is proclaimed as the capital of the New Forest. It has welcomed many Royal visitors over the centuries and attracts thousands of tourists today, all eager to sample the shops, pubs and local attractions. Claire Pitcher paid a visit
The New Forest Centre often has Discovery Days, workshops and talks as well as exhibitions in the New Forest Gallery. On September 15 2017 the New Forest Centre is hosting a fundraising talk by naturalist and author, Simon King. Booking is required.
Mid-way between Lyndhurst and Brockenhurst is New Park and in July it's the Forest's largest event of the annual calendar - the New Forest and Hampshire County Show. 2017's show takes place between July 25-27. See newforestshow.co.uk.
A stone's throw from the village is the glorious Lime Wood Hotel, which each year hosts Smoked and Uncut – a festival in five-star surrounds. This year's event is on July 22-23. See smokedanduncut.com/lime-wood.
Grabbing a bite
There's something for every palette and budget in Lyndhurst. Grab some pasta or pizza at La Pergola, Thai at Siam Thai Lounge or Indian at Indian Fusion. There are pubs such as The Oak Inn, which is rated highly on Trip Advisor. Or if you want to push the boat out, head to Lime Wood Hotel for lunch or dinner at the popular Hartnett Holder & Co.
To take home
If you're looking for something quirky as a gift or as a memento then explore Pages of Lyndhurst. It's an independent store bursting with fun and unique items – from flavoured gin to tasty teas. It's easy to find on the High Street. Or how about something for your home? Shave Green Interiors is also on the High Street and is a treasure trove of stunning items to add a touch of class to your home.
Making the headlines
In 2012, an archaeological dig at St Michael and All Angels in Lyndhurst unearthed rare physical evidence of a 12th Century settlement in the town. Nearly a quarter of the finds at the church were described as medieval. Over 350 shards of pottery were found including jars and rims of jugs. The investigation also found geological evidence to debunk local folklore that the distinctive mound was man-made, possibly an Iron Age burial mound.
Queen's House is probably Lynndhurst's most important building. It has been called King's House, as the name changes according to the gender of the Monarch. It is owned by the Crown and contains the Verderer's Hall, home of the Verderer's Court. The hall contains artefacts including the Stirrup of Rufus, a device used to determine if dogs were small enough to be allowed onto the Royal Forest. Larger dogs were maimed to stop them hunting the Sovereign's game. It's also the home of the Forestry Commission.
Lyndhurst is renowned for its traffic, particularly in summer. Often the best route in by car is from the M27 at junction 3 onto the M271 then onto the A35 through Ashurst. The satnav postcode is SO43 7NY. Lynndhurst's closest train station is at Ashurst, which has services to Waterloo, Southampton, Winchester and Basingstoke. It takes eight minutes on the BlueStar Bus 6 to reach Lyndhurst from the station. BlueStar also runs buses to Lymington, Southampton and Brockenhurst.
• Things to see and do in Basingstoke - It won't be difficult to get busy in Basingstoke for a summer break, suggests Emma Caulton. There is so much to see and do


Search here for Free wisconsin clipart collection out of 50 ready to use vector and photo images. You can use them for free.
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text:
## DebugPx

### Overview

This is a module that everyone using PowerShell 3.0 or later should use.

The DebugPx module provides a set of commands that make it easier to debug
PowerShell scripts, functions and modules. These commands leverage the native
debugging capabilities in PowerShell (the callstack, breakpoints, error output
and the -Debug common parameter) and provide additional functionality that
these features do not provide, enabling a richer debugging experience.

### Minimum requirements

- PowerShell 3.0
- SnippetPx module

### License and Copyright

Copyright 2016 Kirk Munro

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

### Installing the DebugPx module

DebugPx is dependent on the SnippetPx module. You can download and install the
latest versions of DebugPx and SnippetPx using any of the following methods:

#### PowerShellGet

If you don't know what PowerShellGet is, it's the way of the future for PowerShell
package management. If you're curious to find out more, you should read this:
Package Management for PowerShell Modules with PowerShellGet

Note that these commands require that you have the PowerShellGet module installed
on the system where they are invoked.

```powershell
# If you don't have DebugPx installed already and you want to install it for all
# all users (recommended, requires elevation)
Install-Module DebugPx,SnippetPx

# If you don't have DebugPx installed already and you want to install it for the
# current user only
Install-Module DebugPx,SnippetPx -Scope CurrentUser

# If you have DebugPx installed and you want to update it
Update-Module
```

#### PowerShell 3.0 or Later

To install from PowerShell 3.0 or later, open a native PowerShell console (not ISE,
unless you want it to take longer), and invoke one of the following commands:

```powershell
# If you want to install DebugPx for all users or update a version already installed
# (recommended, requires elevation for new install for all users)
& ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -uri http://bit.ly/Install-ModuleFromGitHub).Content)) -ModuleName DebugPx,SnippetPx

# If you want to install DebugPx for the current user
& ([scriptblock]::Create((iwr -uri http://bit.ly/Install-ModuleFromGitHub).Content)) -ModuleName DebugPx,SnippetPx -Scope CurrentUser
```

### Using the DebugPx module

The DebugPx module adds some core functionality to PowerShell version 3 or
later that really enriches the PowerShell debugging experience. In the current
release, there are two principle areas of focus for this module:

1. Breakpoints
2. Debug logging

PowerShell breakpoints have been available in PowerShell since version 2. There
are three types of breakpoints available in PowerShell: line breakpoints,
command breakpoints, and variable breakpoints. Unfortunately, each type of
breakpoint has usability challenges. Line breakpoints can only be set visually
if you are using PowerShell ISE, they can only be set on saved files, and they
will only be triggered if they are encountered as part of running a saved file.
Command breakpoints and variable breakpoints can only be set via the
Set-PSBreakpoint command, and they are not visible in scripts. Also, each of
these types of breakpoints are discarded between sessions, which can make
debugging difficult across reboots.

DebugPx attempts to fix these problems by providing a new breakpoint command in
PowerShell. The breakpoint command is an alias for Enter-Debugger. Personally,
even though I always recommend avoiding aliases in scripts, I recommend using
the breakpoint alias, or even the bp alias (bp is an alias for breakpoint),
because in practice I find them much easier to spot in scripts where they are
used. Regardless of which name you decide to use, these commands cause Windows
PowerShell to enter the debugger on the line where the command is used, even if
the script that is running is not saved, regardless of which PowerShell host you
are in. They can also be used in the middle of pipelines, they can be used
conditionally by providing an expression to evaluate, and they can display a
message about the breakpoint that is hit just before PowerShell enters the
debugger. Because you're actually adding lines to a script, they can be added
using any text editor (Sublime, Notepad++, etc.). This set of features makes
using breakpoints, and therefore debugging PowerShell, much, much easier. The
only type of breakpoint that this does not improve is variable breakpoints;
however, in my experience variable breakpoints are rarely used in practice, and
when they are used, Set-PSBreakpoint is sufficient.

The following examples help illustrate just how powerful the breakpoint command
can be. Give them a try and see how well they work for you. You can use them at
the interactive prompt or in a script you run (saved or not) or in a block of
script you invoke (for example, if you select a block in PowerShell ISE and press
F8 to invoke that block), and they will work in all of those scenarios. Here are
the examples:

```powershell
# Trigger a non-conditional breakpoint on the current line
breakpoint
# Trigger a conditional breakpoint on the current line
$x = 2
breakpoint {$x -eq 3} # this breakpoint will not trigger
# Trigger a non-conditional breakpoint in the middle of a pipeline
Get-Service u* | breakpoint | Stop-Service -WhatIf
# Trigger a conditional breakpoint in the middle of a pipeline
Get-Service w* | breakpoint {$_.Name -eq 'wuauserv'} | Start-Service -WhatIf
# Trigger a conditional breakpoint with a message to be written to the host
$x = -1
breakpoint {$x -lt 0} -Message '$x is less than 0! This is that obscure bug you were looking for!'
```

Note that the breakpoint command will only trigger breakpoints in interactive
sessions. It will not trigger breakpoints in background jobs, scheduled tasks,
etc. Also note that even when working interactively, you can choose when you
want to trigger on the breakpoint command and when you do not, by invoking the
Enable-EnterDebuggerCommand or Disable-EnterDebuggerCommand commands. By default
the breakpoint command is enabled when DebugPx is loaded in an interactive
session.

Another cmdlet that enhances debugging with breakpoints is Debug-Module. The
Debug-Module command will enter the debugger at the root of the specified
module scope (the script scope for the module). It will also change the current
location to the module base folder on disk. This allows inspection of any
internal script variables, invocation of commands internal to the module,
and quick inspection/modification of the files associated with the module.

To give Debug-Module a try, simply invoke the following command in PowerShell:

```powershell
# Change to the DebugPx base module folder and enter the debugger in the root
# "script" scope inside of DebugPx
Debug-Module -Name DebugPx
```

For more advanced debugging scenarios, you can look at the Get-CommandDebugMode
and Set-CommandDebugMode functions. These two functions allow you to turn on
or off the DebuggerHidden and DebuggerStepThrough attributes for individual
commands or for entire modules. When working with command breakpoints and
stepping through code, you may want to skip over entire script modules or
functions that you are not debugging. This can be controlled with these two
commands. To remove either of the DebuggerHidden and DebuggerStepThrough
attributes for any command, either pass $false to the associated switch
parameter or omit the switch parameter altogether (which defaults to false).

The other focus area for this module is debug logging. Since version 1,
PowerShell has had a command for debug logging: Write-Debug. Write-Debug will
write a message to the debug stream on the host when it is used in advanced
functions or cmdlets that are invoked with -Debug. It will also write its
message to the debug stream on the host if $DebugPreference is set to any
value other than SilentlyContinue or Ignore. The trouble with this is the
implementation. When you invoke a command with -Debug, PowerShell will set
the value of $DebugPreference to Inquire while it is invoking that command.
That means that you will be prompted each time Write-Debug is invoked to see
if you want to continue, stop, or suspend execution. In PowerShell version 1
that was useful since breakpoint support was missing back then, but since
PowerShell version 2, this behaviour has remained the same and its usefulness
is questionable. Also, even if $DebugPreference is set to SilentlyContinue or
Ignore, Write-Debug is still invoked and since Write-Debug is invoked, that
means the string parameter it accepts is always evaluated, whether you want
to see that information or not. That means you cannot have sections of script
that are only invoked when debugging, which discourages scripters from taking
extra steps to really get good debug information from the scripts, functions,
or modules they write.

The DebugPx module addresses these problems by adding an ifdebug command to
PowerShell. The ifdebug command is an alias for Invoke-IfDebug. Again, like
the breakpoint (or bp) commands, I recommend in this instance using the alias
because it is easier to spot in scripts (and because these commands seem to
work more like keywords than like functions). The ifdebug command allows a
PowerShell scripter to identify a block of script that will only be invoked
if DebugPreference is set to anything other than SilentlyContinue or Ingore,
and all regular (non-debug, non-verbose, etc.) output from that block of
script will automatically be sent to the debug stream, whether Write-Debug is
used or not.

Here is an example showing the ifdebug command in action:

```powershell
function Test-Something {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param()
    ifdebug {
        # When gathering debug output, we may want much more information
        # relative to what a command is doing to be sent to the debug
        # stream for troubleshooting. We wouldn't want that information
        # gathered and then discarded though, because that would affect
        # performance.
        'Environment variables:'
        Get-ChildItem env:
        'Running processes:'
        Get-Process | Format-List *
        'Windows update service status:'
        Get-Service wuauserv | Format-List *
    }
}
# Invoke the command without actually gathering any debug information.
Measure-Command {Test-Something}
# Now invoke the command with debug information (this takes much longer)
Measure-Command {Test-Something -Debug}
```

This capability allows scripters to ship scripts that perform very well
normally, but that can also gather detailed debug information by simply
having them invoked with the Debug parameter. This can go a long way in
troubleshooting issues in customer environments, and being able to have
access to that debug information on demand without confusing users with
prompts asking them if they want to suspend execution or not makes it
much easier to troubleshoot issues when working with others.

There are more features already planned for this module, but it's off to
a great start already, and it has become the module I use more than any
other module I have. Please share your feedback and contribute if you
want to help this continue to evolve into something even greater!


text:
25 Last-Minute Father's Day Deals (2022)
Relax and take a deep breath. There's still time to find Dad a gift. And not just any gift, like a tie or a boring wallet, but a gift that he'll cherish and talk about for years to come. You just have to act fast. From rocking out to walking out, we've got you covered with the best headphones, fitness trackers, and more.
For more ideas, check out our Best Father's Day Gifts. Our Mother's Day picks would make good gifts for dads too. Don't forget to check out our other guides, like Hiking 101 and Best Gifts for New Parents.
Updated June 17: We've added new deals, including a cookware set, a weighted blanket, a spiffy bike helmet, and more.
Special offer for Gear readers: Get a 1-year subscription to WIRED for $ 5 ($ 25 off). This includes unlimited access to WIRED.com and our print magazine (if you'd like). Subscriptions help fund the work we do every day.
Health and Smartwatch Deals
Withings ScanWatch
Photograph: Withings
WIRED contributor Simon Hill gave it an 8/10, WIRED Recommends because it offers health tracking features such as heart rate monitoring, ECG, and blood oxygen levels, all in a classic-looking design that doesn't scream "smartwatch."
The Jorn doesn't have the most advanced fitness and health tracking features, but reviews editor Julian Chokkattu likes it for its intuitive UI and ease of use in spotting weather information, heart rate, and step tracking. Men's sizing is also available for the same price.
Even upon a close look, it'd be hard to spot the Retro Pilot as a smartwatch, and yet it offers music playing controls, tracks step count, monitors sleep performance, and can even be configured to operate Dad's phone camera when paired with his smartphone through the app.
We have mixed feelings on DNA test kits, but if you and your Dad understand and accept the potential implications of peering into his genetic history, Ancestry's kits are among the most detailed on the market.
Homelabs Sunrise
Photograph: Amazon
The Homelabs clock is my favorite sunrise alarm, not because it's the most fully-featured clock on the market but because it does all the basics as well (or better) than sunrise alarm clocks costing several times its price. If Dad has a hard time falling asleep or waking in the morning, a sunrise clock could be just what he needs to ease his way into or out of bed.
Triple, flexible rotary heads ensure a close shave by following the contours of Dad's face. Since it's water-resistant, he can use it in the shower, as some people like to do when shaving. It also comes with an attachment for trimming up the edges of his beard, if he isn't all-in on the completely clean-shaven look.
Audio and Music Deals
Sonos Roam
Photograph: Sonos
For a small speaker, the Roam is capable of a big sound that won't distort at high volumes. That's partly why it scored a strong 9/10, WIRED Recommends in our review. It offers not only Bluetooth connectivity but also Wi-Fi. Part of the speaker's appeal is that it's also the cheapest way to join the Sonos ecosystem of devices.
Fender's Player series are my go-to recommendation for a Dad who wants a high-quality electric guitar that's a step up from the entry-level axes but won't break the bank. This model offers all the characteristic Strat chime and brightness with three single-coil pickups and a maple neck and fretboard.
AirPods are favorites around the WIRED office, but for workouts and active pursuits, the Beats Fit Pro (9/10, WIRED Recommends) stays in the ear more solidly. Associate reviews editor Parker Hall calls them the best everyday headphones for iPhone users, thanks to their comfortable and secure in-ear fit and superb sound quality.
It's not the biggest discount, but Apple AirPods Max rarely go on sale, and says they're the best wireless headphones he's ever used. Their excellent sound and build quality snagged them an 8/10, WIRED Recommends in his review.
Deals With Screens
Facebook Go Portal
Photograph: Facebook
The Go Portal (8/10, WIRED Recommends) has a 10-inch display screen and can double as a Bluetooth speaker, but its standout feature is the smart camera automatically zooms and pans during video calls to make it look like there's a personal camera crew at work.
The Totalee is one of our favorite iPhone cases because it offers a bump in scratch and drop protection over a caseless phone, but at only 0.02 inches thick it's not chunky enough to make Dad feel like he's carrying a brick. This case is compatible with MagSafe wireless charging. There's also a case for the newer iPhone 13 if your dad has upgraded his phone recently.
The 2021 release of the iPad Mini packs Touch ID and a powerful A15 processor alongside an 8.3-inch touchscreen. If Dad likes to browse on a tablet on the couch or in bed but doesn't need or want the 11-inch display of the iPad Air, the Mini is arguably the best tablet for him.
The three-lens starter kit is only $ 39 more than the two-lens kit, so you might as well spring for the extra lens. It includes an iPhone case that allows Dad to mount all three lenses that come with the kit. You can choose your combination of lenses, from fisheye to telephoto to macro lenses.
Home and Kitchen Deals
Casper weighted blanket
Photograph: Casper
If Dad wants to give takeout the boot and get into cooking, this 17-piece set will form a solid basis for a kitchen loadout. From frying and sauce pans of varying sizes to a three-piece nylon cooking tool set, he'll have everything he needs to become the household's newest chef. Just remember to tell him to use that included deep fryer basket sparingly.
There's nothing like a little gravity-assisted pressure to help Dad nod off. If he needs a little help falling asleep at night or if he just likes to cozy up on the couch, give him a weighted blanket in 10-, 15-, or 20-pound weights, all available for $ 99.
Electric kettles heat up more quickly than stovetop kettles, so if Dad is the kind of fella who wakes up and heads straight for his coffee or tea, speed up his mornings with this digital kettle. The gooseneck design allows for more control while pouring, if your pop is into making pour-over coffee.
Coffee is good hot, coffee is good ice-cold, but coffee is not good lukewarm. Make sure Dad never recoils from a sip of off-putting, room-temperature java again with this rechargeable mug that'll let him keep his coffee (or tea) warm for up to 80 minutes. The temperature is adjustable from 120 to 145 degrees — the perfect temperature for good, steamy coffee.
For when Dad just needs a push-button cooker that he can set and forget while he goes about his day, the Foodi offers a laundry list of capabilities. This Instant Pot competitor does pressure cooking, air frying, steaming, slow cooking, yogurt-making, searing, sautéing, roasting, broiling, sous vide, and more.
Senior product reviewer Scott Gilbertson likes the Gevi because it meets two important criteria for an espresso machine: It's made largely of metal, and it can reach 15 bars of pressure. And it does all of that at a budget price when many espresso machines cost a pretty penny.
Weber Spirit II E-210
Photograph: Weber
Even cooking temperatures and burners that are easy to adjust make the Spirit II our favorite gas grill. It's a little small for large families and lacks a side burner, but the porcelain-coated cast iron grill grates make up for it.
Ray-Ban's classic Wayfarer gets all the attention, but the New Wayfarer is perfect for dads who might feel the original is too big. The New Wayfarer has slightly smaller lenses and is less canted forward, so Pop can have all the style in a sleeker package.
Bike helmets don't have to detract from Dad's style when he's on two wheels. Portland, Oregon-based Nutcase makes some of the WIRED Reviews Team's favorite helmets, thanks to a range of gorgeous designs and Multi-directional Impact Protection (MIPS) that provides extra protection from rotational impacts.
Propella 7S
Parker Hall gave the 7S an 8/10, WIRED Recommends due to its quality components and low cost (for an electric bike). It's lightweight at 37 pounds, has seven mechanical gears, reaches a top speed of 18 miles per hour, and has a range of 20 to 40 miles per charge. Also, through June 20, Propella will throw in free shipping.
It can hardly be called cheap, but even the more affordable 52-watt version can reach a top speed of 38 miles per hour and go for up to 40 miles on a charge. For when a bicycle just takes up too much room in storage, the foldable Phantom V2 can be easily taken into Dad's office or home.
Father's Day Retailer Pages
If you're still on the hunt, here are the full sale pages from some major retailers. We wish you luck!
'Lightyear' and the Fight Over Queer Visibility
The Top New Android 13 Features and How to Install It


text:
T.J. Perkins wins CWC, becomes new WWE Cruiserweight Champion
Not only did Fil-Am wrestler T.J. Perkins represent the Philippines in the WWE's first-ever Cruiserweight Classic and best 31 other cruiserweight wrestlers to win the CWC trophy; his victory also earned him the right to become the new WWE Cruiserweight Champion!
Paul "Triple H" Levesque, WWE's Executive Vice President of Talent, Live Events and Creative, entered the ring before the final match between him and Mexico's Gran Metalik (Mascara Dorada), revealing that apart from winning the CWC trophy, the winner would also head to Monday Night Raw as the first-ever WWE Cruiserweight Champion.
TJP would go on to make Metalik tap out to his submission finisher to become the inaugural champion, but not before outlasting the odds-on favorite, Japan's Kota Ibushi, in the semi-finals.
He also defeated Da Mack, Johnny Gargano and Rich Swann in the early stages of the tournament that also included WWE veterans Tajiri and Brian Kendrick.
This is bigger than me; this is not one person, this is 32 people, all of them--every single one of them," says Perkins during his post-finals interview, referring to the CWC trophy. "I started and they were just my peers. And tonight, at the end of this, every single one of them are also my heroes. This is for everyone!"
TJP is the first-ever WWE Cruiserweight Champion in nine years since the original title WWE acquired from WCW was discontinued in 2007.
As a Filipino wrestling enthusiast, this news inspires me a lot. I look forward to the next Episode of Raw.
Photos from WWE.com
Brock Lesnar is the cover Superstar of WWE 2K17
2K Games has revealed the official cover of WWE 2K17, and the latest cover Superstar is none other than "The Conqueror" himself, Brock Lesnar. Check out the official game cover below, as well as the reveal trailer, voiced over by Paul Heyman.
Most of us should've already gotten a clue about "The Beast Incarnate" being the next cover Superstar with the previous trailer they released, revealing Goldberg as the game's exclusive pre-order bonus. It's also logical since it seems he's the only Superstar who shares the same level of hype with "Da Man", not to mention that both Superstars had once met in the ring at WrestleMania XX.
Goldberg's next destination: Suplex City.
The former WWE, UFC and NCAA Division 1 heavyweight champion had twice appeared in the covers of two WWE games: first in 2002 on WWE SmackDown: Shut Your Mouth, where he had a spot on the cover with Triple H, Chris Jericho, Kurt Angle and Booker T, and then in 2003 on WWE SmackDown: Here Comes the Pain, where he was the main cover Superstar.
The WWE games used to be published by THQ, until they declared bankruptcy in 2013.
Earlier this month, Lesnar announced that he will enter the Octagon one more time to face "The Super Samoan" Mark Hunt at UFC 200 on July 9. Then he also returns inside the squared circle on August 21 for the 30th annual Summerslam.
WWE 2K17 is scheduled for release on October 11 for the PS4, PS3, Xbox One and Xbox 360.
Brock Lesnar returns to fight in UFC 200 for one night only
If the card for UFC 200 wasn't already big enough, it was announced last week that Brock Lesnar will return to the Octagon one more time!
Lesnar, who's still contracted by WWE, ventures back into the eight-sided cage after four years, and he will be facing "the Super Samoan" Mark Hunt.
The fight is just one of the blockbuster matches announced for the MMA pay-per-view, that also features the second fight between Daniel Cormier vs. Roy "Bones" Jones for the UFC World Light Heavyweight Championship, Miesha Tate vs. Amanda Nunes for the UFC Women's Bantamweight Championship, and the second fight between Jose Aldo vs. Frankie Edgar for the UFC Interim Featherweight Championship.
OH. MY. GOD. ? #UFC200https://t.co/ffhsOYIRvz
— UFC (@ufc) June 5, 2016
UFC 200 will emanate from Las Vegas, Nevada on July 9, a month before Lesnar is scheduled to reappear on WWE pay-per-view Summerslam.
Goldberg returns in WWE 2K17
A new trailer just debuted for the upcoming installment in the WWE 2K series.
Just revealed during Monday Night Raw, Goldberg will make his return as a pre-order bonus playable character in WWE 2K17, and he'll be visiting Suplex City! (See 1:08 of the video)
"Da Man" comes back in the series after two years, last appearing in WWE 2K14, which also highlighted the return of the Ultimate Warrior, as well as the 30 years of WrestleMania and the Streak Mode, a game mode included as a tribute to the Undertaker's then-undefeated streak.
Goldberg is the latest WWE Legend to be featured as a pre-order bonus in the series, following Arnold Schwarzenegger's two versions of the T-800 Terminator in 2K16, Sting in his two incarnations in 2K15, and Warrior and "American Badass" Undertaker in 2K14.
WWE 2K16 will be on sale this October for the PS4, PS3, Xbox One and Xbox 360.
WWE goes live in Manila once again
After seven years, WWE comes back to Manila for WWE Live!
The announcement came prematurely last Tuesday when an overzealous webmaster for SMTickets posted about the event, but the post was taken down immediately, leading fans who saw the post to think it was a prank. WWE, however, confirmed the news the day after, and the post has since been restored in the SMTickets website.
The event will take place on September 9 at the SM Mall of Asia Arena, and will feature WWE Superstars like the current WWE World Heavyweight Champion Roman Reigns, "The Phenomenal One" AJ Styles, "The Prizefighter" Kevin Owens, Kane, Alberto del Rio, WWE Tag Team Champions The New Day, WWE Women's Champion Charlotte, "The Legit Boss" Sasha Banks, and more (talent line-up is subject to change). The tickets will be available at the SMTickets website on June 3.
WWE last visited Manila in 2009 when they held their SmackDown/ECW Tour at the Araneta Coliseum, with former Superstars Jeff Hardy and CM Punk headlining the show. Batista promoted the said tour, but was not in the card himself. They also had two separate tours in 2006--the Raw Live Tour in February, headlined by John Cena, Edge, Triple H and Ric Flair, and the SmackDown Survivor Series Tour in October, also at the Big Dome, headlined by Batista and The Undertaker.
I hope I save enough money before the date.
"Creed vs. Omega" winner to be decided by Street Fighter V
Remember when Austin met Kenny?
Well, folks, it looks like the gaming showdown between WWE Superstar Xavier Woods aka UpUpDownDown's Austin Creed and New Japan Pro Wrestling's IWGP Intercontinental Champion "The Cleaner" Kenny Omega is currently locked in a draw. The two avid pro-wrestlers-slash-gamers staged their competition at the Barcade in Brooklyn, NY, with both having two arcade wins apiece over the other.
What happens next in #CreedVsOmega when we finally play against each other?!? @KennyOmegamanX #NbaJamhttps://t.co/rULpQKjCG8
— Xavier Woods (@XavierWoodsPhD) January 15, 2016
As an epic battle rages on, these 2 warriors refuse to quit! Who is this weeks victor? #CreedVsOmega @kennyomegamanxhttps://t.co/PnvpSe5zi0
— Xavier Woods (@XavierWoodsPhD) February 9, 2016
THE EPIC SAGA CONTINUES! @KennyOmegamanX comes at me once again! This time in #DaytonaUsa #RollingStart @Segahttps://t.co/cwPf9cxtvL
Creed is behind by 1! Can he even the score or will @kennyomegamanx be the victor?!? The Epic Showdown continues!https://t.co/AkzUo9qYGU
— Xavier Woods (@XavierWoodsPhD) February 16, 2016
In the first game, NBA Jam, Austin defeated Kenny to take the 1-0 lead. Kenny made a comeback in Daytona USA, and beat Austin to tie the series. Kenny also won at Tetris, taking the 2-1 advantage. And in their fourth match, Austin tied the series once again, after beating Kenny at WWF Superstars.
Austin and Kenny will ultimately settle the score in a final match, playing the recently released Street Fighter V.
I myself am looking forward to the conclusion. Regardless of whoever wins, the gaming wrestler in me rejoices.
Cleaner-approved.
AJ Styles makes his WWE debut at the Royal Rumble
It had long been a rumor fueled further by WWE itself, but it's finally confirmed; "the Phenomenal One" AJ Styles officially made his WWE debut at the 2016 Royal Rumble pay-per-view!
The former IWGP Heavyweight Champion entered the WWE World Heavyweight Championship Royal Rumble match at #3, after #1 entrant and defending champion Roman Reigns eliminated #2 entrant Rusev.
Styles eliminated two wrestlers: Tyler Breeze (#4) and Curtis Axel (#5). He teased his finishing move, the Styles Clash, a couple of times, the first of which was against Reigns. It was definitely a Royal Rumble moment seeing Styles inside the same ring with WWE veterans Chris Jericho, Goldust, Big Show, and Kane, who upped his career total elimination record to 43. He was eventually eliminated by Kevin Owens (#18).
This isn't the first time Styles set foot in a WWE ring. He had his first WWE (then WWF) match against The Hurricane in WWF Metal in January 26, 2002. When a WWE contract didn't materialize for him, he went to TNA and became its NWA and TNA World Heavyweight Champion on separate occasions. Then, he joined New Japan Pro Wrestling, became the leader of arguably the greatest wrestling faction today, the Bullet Club, and won the IWGP Heavyweight Championship.
Welcome "back" to the WWE, AJ Styles!
When Austin met Kenny
What happens when a WWE Superstar who loves playing videogames meets a top wrestler from another promotion who is also a gamer?
The answer: an epic gaming rivalry.
While videos of The New Day's Xavier Woods--otherwise known as Austin Creed, the host of UpUpDownDown--playing videogames with fellow WWE Superstars are enjoyable to watch, to see him with a non-WWE wrestler who is also a gamer is DEFINITELY something on another level.
I'm talking about Austin's Twitter videos featuring "The Cleaner" of the Bullet Club, New Japan Pro Wrestling's Kenny Omega!
"@XavierWoodsPhD: When you go to film @UpUpDwnDwn @barcadejersey things tend to happen... #ItBegins https://t.co/YhdGTPH6qx" #rivalry
— Kenny Omega (@KennyOmegamanX) December 18, 2015
"@XavierWoodsPhD:Rivalry of the century rages on! #CleanerVsPhD https://t.co/6OFdYTaPhW" We're about to get to the good stuff. I Can't wait!
— Kenny Omega (@KennyOmegamanX) January 3, 2016
These Twitter videos don't seem to be the last we'll see of them together, however, as suggested by the "to be continued" at the end of the second video. Unfortunately, it looks like we won't ever see these on the UpUpDownDown YouTube channel, seeing that Kenny works for NJPW. Still, it's going to be amusing to wait for more of these Twitter videos.
By the way, Kenny also has his own YouTube gaming channel.
Reunited: The Brothers of Destruction take revenge against the Wyatt Family
The Brothers of Destruction are back!
The Undertaker and Kane reunited on the last episode of Monday Night Raw, emanating from England, to take revenge against the Wyatt Family.
Everything stemmed from the ending of WWE Hell in a Cell, when Bray Wyatt, Luke Harper, Erick Rowan and Braun Strowman ambushed and took "the Phenom" away after his vicious main event match against the "Beast Incarnate" Brock Lesnar inside Hell in a Cell. The next day saw his half-brother try to avenge him, only to meet the same fate at the hands of the family.
Bray then claimed in the succeeding episodes of Raw and SmackDown that after "harvesting the souls" of the "Last Outlaw" and the "Devil's Favorite Demon", he is now in command of the thunder and lightning. In a defiant tone, he claimed that there was no "passing of the torch"; instead, he took the torch for himself and used it to burn the brothers to ashes.
Image credit: WWE
But from those ashes, the reinvigorated, vengeful brothers emerged, looking to make Wyatt pay for his transgressions, but Wyatt wasn't alone; sensing danger, he summoned Harper, Rowan and Strowman from out of nowhere, looking to do damage to the brothers anew, but the brothers successfully fended off the family.
The brothers downed Harper and Rowan with stereo chokeslams, and they withstood a double clothesline from the hulking Strowman, who they sent crashing into the announce table for his efforts. And as soon as Wyatt was left cornered and defenseless, the Undertaker and Kane brought him down with a double chokeslam to put an end to last Monday's Raw.
This moment is surely going to lead to a match between the Brothers of Destruction and the Wyatt Family at Survivor Series. The question left to ask is if it's going to be a 4-on-4 traditional Survivor Series elimination tag team match, where the brothers will have to look for two more partners, or if it will be a regular tag team match between the "Deadman" and the Demon and any of the two Wyatt Family members. If I had my way, I'd want it to be 4-on-4, with the brothers partnering with Sting and another legend. Either way, I'm sure it's going to be awesome.
The 29th annual Survivor Series, happening on November 22, 2015 in Atlanta, GA, marks the silver anniversary of the legendary Deadman, who made his debut in 1990.
Seth Rollins injured; new champion to be crowned at Survivor Series
Seth Rollins faces his toughest challenge yet, and it's not Roman Reigns.
The former WWE World Heavyweight Champion is forced to relinquish his title due to a severe injury, tearing his right ACL, MCL and menial meniscus during his match against the Demon Kane at last night's WWE live event in Dublin, Ireland. He is expected to be out of action for an estimated six to nine months.
The title match between former Shield brothers at Survivor Series is no more; instead, a tournament will be held to crown the new WWE World Heavyweight champion at the 29th iteration of the annual pay-per-view on November 22 in Atlanta, Georgia.
On March 29, Rollins cashed in his Money in the Bank briefcase at WrestleMania, turning the title match between Reigns and then-reigning champion Brock Lesnar into a triple-threat title match. He pinned Reigns after a Curb Stomp to start his WWE World Heavyweight title reign. He started adopting Triple H's Pedigree as his finishing move at WWE Payback.
He had successfully defended his title against Reigns, Randy Orton, Dean Ambrose, John Cena, Kane and Sting. He lost to Lesnar by DQ via interference from the returning Undertaker at WWE Battleground, but he retained the title. His championship run lasted for 220 days.
Get well soon, Seth.


text:
More Creative Synthesis With Delays
Synth Secrets
Synthesis > Synthesis / Sound Design, Synth Secrets
By Gordon Reid
In the penultimate instalment of this long-running series, we delve deeper into what can be achieved with just a few delays and some creative routing...
Here we are, at the far end of our synthesizer's signal path. We've generated the waveforms, created multiple signals, filtered and sculpted them, applied modulation, mixed the results, and... well, it all sounds a bit thin, doesn't it? Despite the techniques we've employed, the results totally lack the depth of a nine-foot six-inch Bösendorfer, or a four-manual cathedral organ. Yet, if you think back to the early 1960s, there was — apart from a choir or the string section of an orchestra — little that was musically lush, and the electronic sounds that we now take for granted were still in the future. If you wanted to record the semblance of multiple instruments playing at once, you either paid a few dozen instrumentalists to do their thing simultaneously, or you bought a MkII Mellotron. Either way, the costs were crippling.
Things began to change in the mid-1960s, when the affordable 'chorused' organ was born. Consider the way in which a cheap electric organ creates its sound. In general, the outputs of high-frequency oscillators are 'divided down' by integer factors to create the correct pitches for all the notes of the top octave of the keyboard, and these are then further divided by factors of two to generate each octave beneath. However, organ designers discovered that they could divide the master oscillators in different ways to generate two frequencies for each note that were almost, but not exactly the same.
Figure 1: Creating a chorus effect by 'dividing down' master oscillators.These small discrepancies — which were not even identical from note to note — were not dissimilar to the differences between the pitches of two pipes tuned to the same pitch, or between the three strings that comprise a note on the aforementioned Bösendorfer. Consequently, manufacturers began producing electric organs that generated a primitive chorus effect using dual sets of dividers. More sophisticated designs incorporated two independent sets of master oscillators, each with a set of frequency dividers, and some even offered a global detune for the second set (see Figure 1).
Of course, there was also the principle of using multiple electronic sound sources playing in unison to recreate the effect of multiple physical sound sources playing in unison. So, long before the appearance of the modern chorus effect in 1975, keyboards were using multiple oscillators per note to thicken up what would otherwise have been bland and uninteresting patches. Of these, the most sophisticated was the prototype of Ken Freeman's String Symphoniser. This used three banks of detuned oscillators, applying vibrato to each to create a rich chorus effect. To this day, synth programmers often use detune, pulse-width modulation and frequency modulation to obtain richer timbres than would otherwise be possible (see the box on the previous page).
Nevertheless, this is not what we now mean when we use the word 'chorus' and, of course, it can't be applied to externally generated signals such as a human voice or a note played on a guitar. What's more, despite the complexity of detune/vibrato/PWM programming, timbres generated in this fashion still don't sound as lush as even the cheapest and cheesiest 'string synths'. On the surface, this is rather surprising. In contrast to a sophisticated multiple-oscillator-per-note synth, the initial waveform produced within a string synth is almost always a single, 'divide-down' sawtooth which, at the best of times, sounds weedy and uninspiring. Yet, passed through the instrument's internal chorus/ensemble unit, it sounds animated, lush and full of body. So... what is chorus, and why does it sound so good? To answer that, and before Synth Secrets departs through the output socket of history, it's time that we took a look at that most popular and most useful of all keyboard effects: the chorus/ensemble.
Creating Chorused Sounds Without Chorus
If a polyphonic synth has dual oscillators (or better still, three) per voice, it will be capable of creating thick, quasi-chorused sounds, even without a chorus unit.
To create these sounds, you must first select the sawtooth wave option on one of the oscillators (because this has the correct harmonic content for a string sound) and the pulse wave on the other. Secondly, you must detune one oscillator against the other to create a 'detuned' sound. Next, you must add pulse-width modulation (or PWM) to the pulse wave.
As I showed in the March 2003 instalment of this series pulse-width modulation generates two 'virtual' signals, with one being pitch modulated with respect to the other (see Figure A).
Figure A: Thickening the sound by modulating the duty cycle of a pulse wave.
PWM alone creates a 'chorused' timbre, but if you detune the sawtooth wave with respect to the pulse-width modulated wave, there are, in effect, three pitches present in the output, and this further thickens the sound (see Figure B).
Figure B: Adding another signal to further thicken the sound.
Finally, adding vibrato to the sawtooth wave will complicate the relationships between the three pitches, especially if the synth can modulate the vibrato and PWM at different rates (see Figure C).
Figure C: Creating a lush sound using two oscillators per voice.
The key here is to ensure that there is so much activity that your ear becomes unable to recognise the limited number of pitches present. When programmed carefully, the sounds produced by this method can be superb, as evidenced by the remarkable 'ensemble' patches produced by the Prophet 5, OBX and, in particular, the Roland Jupiter 8.
A Basic Chorus Effect
The secret to this effect is fooling the ear into thinking that it is hearing multiple performances of the same note when it is not. This may sound tricky, but the key to doing so already exists in my explanation of modulated BBD delay lines, which I introduced in March 2004's instalment of this series. In short, if you don't have access to multiple, closely related timbres and pitches, why not split a single signal into multiple paths, apply pitch modulation to one or more of these, and then remix them? It's a simple idea, and it works beautifully.
Figure 2: A modulated delay line.Figure 2 shows the structure of a modulated delay line. You can present any signal to the input, whereupon it will be low-pass filtered to eliminate aliasing, sliced into samples, and then passed through the line before being reconstructed at the far end. This, by the way, is as true for a digital delay as it is for an analogue BBD. The speed at which the samples travel down the line, and their precise temporal relationships (ie. how far apart they are spaced) are determined by the clock generator and the oscillator modulating its speed. I hope that it is obvious that, if the clock is running faster when a bunch of samples reach the end of the line than it was when they entered, the samples will be closer together, so the pitch will be higher. Conversely, if the clock is running slower when those samples reach the end of the line, the samples will be further apart, so the pitch will be lower. Clearly, this allows us to modulate the pitch of the signal, and if the LFO in Figure 2 were generating a sine wave, the output from this diagram would exhibit a pronounced 'wow' effect, like a vinyl record with the hole punched in the wrong place. Figure 3: Adding the unaffected signal to the pitch-modulated signal. Figure 4: A simple delay modulation. Figure 5: The pitch-shifts resulting from the modulation in Figure 4.Now, let's add a second signal path to Figure 2, which allows the unaffected signal to pass to the output, as shown in Figure 3 above (from which, for clarity, I've omitted the anti-aliasing and reconstruction filters). We now have the situation where the modulated signal is sometimes at a higher pitch than the 'straight-through' signal, sometimes at a lower pitch and, on two occasions in each cycle, at the same pitch. Figures 4 and 5 (below) demonstrate this, showing how the delay in the upper signal path changes in time, and how this affects the pitch relationships between the upper and lower signal paths.
We can patch Figure 3 very easily using just four modules from a modular synth: a multiple to split the incoming signal into two paths; an LFO to modulate the rate of the Echo unit (which combines the delay line and clock generator in a single module); and a Mixer to recombine the two audio signals. In Figure 6, I have shown the original signal and output in blue, the modulation path in green, and the modulation signal in red, just to make things clearer.
Figure 6: A simple, two-path chorus unit.Of course, this patch will produce nothing like the desired effect unless we choose our parameters sensibly. Firstly, you'll find that the barest minimum of modulation is needed. If you can't obtain a low enough modulation level from the Level knob on the LFO, place an attenuator in the modulation signal path to reduce the amplitude even further. In contrast, you have a wide choice of modulation rates. A slow sweep at a fraction of 1Hz will provide a gentle chorus, while a faster rate — say, 5Hz to 7Hz — will result in a more typical 'synth' ensemble. The other vital factor is the delay time. Set this to be too long, and you'll hear a distinct delay. Set it too short, and you'll obtain a version of another effect: flanging. But get it right — somewhere in the range 10ms to 50ms, as your taste dictates — and then mix the two signal paths in equal measure, and you'll obtain a serviceable chorus, reminiscent of the cheapest '70s string synths. Hang on... the cheapest '70s string synths? The individual modules in this patch (or an equivalent software modular synthesis application) could cost a couple of hundred quid, so you've a right to expect something a bit better. What's going on?
Unfortunately for us, our ears — which evolved to locate the rumbling tummy of a sabre-toothed tiger at 500 paces — are not fooled by the two signals generated and mixed in Figures 3 to 6, so this implementation of chorus is not perceived as particularly deep, nor indeed as particularly lush. In effect, it's the equivalent of hearing just two singers, or just two violinists, when what you're after is the choir and orchestra performing Mahler's Ninth in the Royal Albert Hall. So we overcome the problem by adding more signal paths to the existing scheme, and by modulating all of them differently.
Figure 7: Using a single LFO to modulate three delay lines.I have shown an efficient way to do this in Figure 7, which shows that we can use a single LFO to modulate each of the delays, provided that the phase of each instance of the LFO waveform is shifted by some amount. Without these shifts, the three audio paths would be modulated identically, and we would create vibrato, nothing more. If the three paths are modulated at relative phases of 0 degrees, 120 degrees and 240 degrees, we obtain the pitch relationships shown in Figure 8. As you can imagine, this is a far more complex sound, and the relationships between the three modulated signals provide a thicker and warmer chorus effect.
Improved Chorus Effects
Figure 8: The frequency modulations of the three signal paths in Figure 7.The chorus described in Figures 7 and 8 is a classic '70s design, and was used in numerous string ensemble keyboards, but it still does not have the richness and depth that we have come to associate with the best of such effects. This is because synthesizer designers continued to dream up better ways to modulate the input signal, the first of which was to modulate each delay line with not one LFO, but two.
This was conceptually simple, although debate raged over the speed and depth that creates the most pleasing effect. Many manufacturers opted for two very different speeds — one of the order 0.5Hz to 0.7Hz, with a second closer to 6Hz to 7Hz, but with no discerned integer relationship between the two, so that the modulation didn't repeat for a long time. Figure 9 shows two such waves, and the resulting modulation signal. As you can appreciate, it's going to be more difficult for Ugg the Caveman to perceive this as a simple, repeating waveform. Figure 9: Creating a more complex modulation from two sine waves. Figure 10: A four-path chorus unit.
Now consider Figure 10. This shows the input split into four paths — the original signal plus three delayed versions of it. Each of the six LFOs in the patch can have a different modulation rate, and each of the mixers in the modulation paths can be designed so that each of the LFOs contributes a different depth. The result is a lush, complex swirl of sound that is forever evolving, and which adds movement and texture to even the most basic of initial waveforms. Figure 11: Reconfiguring the LFOs to produce a modulation signal with vibrato.
Another variation on this approach rearranges the LFOs so that one of each pair modulates the frequency of the other. This arrangement, which I've shown in Figure 11 produces the waveform in Figure 12, creating yet another form of pitch modulation and, therefore, a subtly different chorus. One could go even further, for example using another LFO to modulate the depth of the modulating waveform as well as its frequency and, if cost were no object, you could keep slinging LFOs, mixers and, where necessary, VCAs at the problem to create the most complex modulations imaginable. You can even use a random waveform as a modulator, which goes some way towards imitating the genuine pitch instabilities of human singers and players.
Figure 12: Modulating the speed of the modulator.As you might imagine, circuits such as Figure 10 can be expensive to build, and although this design produces a superb ensemble sound, it may not be economical. To overcome this, many manufacturers combined the ideas set out in Figures 7 and 10, employing a trick that fools the ear into believing that it's hearing multiple, complex modulations, when in fact only one is present (see Figure 13, below).
This involves the use of just two LFOs (which cuts costs) and four phase-shifters (which are cheap), and generates three instances of a single complex delay modulation. As before, these are out of phase with one another, typically by 120 degrees, and the result, while not quite as lush as you can obtain using six independent LFOs, is nonetheless gorgeous. This is why this method — or close variations of it — became the standard for almost all the best-loved chorus/ensemble keyboards. Figure 13: The classic three-phase chorus unit.
Stereo Chorus
Nice as monophonic chorus might be (and is), it doesn't make the most of the techniques described above. Indeed, when Roland first designed the chorus/ensemble pedal, they created a CE1 mountain, because nobody bought the things. It wasn't until a handful of players discovered the 'Stereo' output (which sits less than an inch to the right of the Left/Mono output) and directed this to a second amplifier and speaker that the world sat up and started to take notice.
As we now appreciate, stereo chorus is the classic synthesizer effect, and it's easily created if you have access to the signals being produced by the multiple delay lines. Figure 14 shows a triple-path configuration in which the signals generated by the first and second delays are mixed and sent to the left output, while the signals generated by the second and third delays are mixed and sent to the right. In this scheme, you can leave out the 'straight-through' signal, because the dual inputs to each mixer will be chorusing differently, and — far from contributing to the result — the original might actually damage the impression of width and depth. Figure 14: The output stage of a triple-path stereo chorus unit.
Some Real Examples
Although some people think that string synths sound much like one another, this is not true. Sure, they all share the same class of sound, they are almost without exception based upon quasi-sawtooth waves generated by organ-style 'divide-down' technology, and if you switch off their chorus/ensemble effects, they are all about as interesting as a bunch of boring things on a very boring day. Nonetheless, there are marked differences in the way that they generate their chorus effects.
For example, the Eminent Solina (1974) uses the chorus structure depicted in Figure 11, with two LFOs, one running at around 1Hz and the other at about 6Hz, phase-shifted to produce modulating signals at 0 degrees, 120 degrees and 240 degrees. In contrast, the Roland VP330 (1978) has a thinner string ensemble sound generated by just two delay lines with dual LFOs. The altogether richer-sounding Korg Polysix synthesizer (1981) incorporates another triple-delay chorus, but dispenses with the phase-shifters and uses a configuration of independent LFOs similar to that shown in Figure 10 (above).
Figure 15: A 1978 chorus design by Roland Corporation.One of the cleverest of chorus designs was developed by Roland (see Figure 15). This uses just a single square wave LFO (generated, would you believe, by one of the flip-flops that I described a couple of months ago) and three frequency-dividers that output modulation signals at the clock frequency Fc, at 1/2 Fc, 1/4 Fc and at 1/8 Fc. These 'square' signals are low-pass filtered to 'round off' the waveforms into approximations of sine waves, and these are in turn used to modulate the clocks driving four BBDs. The outputs of the delay lines are then mixed into a single sound, and emerge in glorious mono. There is no 'straight-through' signal present in the output.
The major advantage of this configuration is one of cost; clocks, dividers and simple low-pass filters are cheap. However, there is an additional benefit, which was the true raison d'être of the design: due to the nature and relationships of the four modulating waves (shown in Figure 17, later) the chorus effect is less susceptible to the 'warbling' effect that you hear generated by other low-cost circuits.
Figure 16: Converting the Roland chorus in Figure 15 into a stereo unit.Roland even suggested ways in which Figure 15 could be improved. For example, you could mix the outputs from the first and third BBDs and from the second and fourth, to create a stereo chorus (see Figure 16). The designer also suggested inverting the phase of the second and fourth modulating waves to create an even richer 'spread' of the ensemble effect, and using frequency dividers that used other integer factors of Fc, such as one third or one fifth. Yet another Roland design dispensed with sine-wave modulators and substituted sawtooth waves, eliminating the pitch discontinuities by modulating a set of VCAs that silenced the delay lines while the modulating waves reset to the start of their cycles. Yet another incorporated signal gates that disconnected the modulation waveforms when there was no audio signal present at the input, thus eliminating the characteristic 'swishing' noise that mars many chorus effects. The permutations are almost endless.
Figure 17: The modulations generated by the clock and dividers in Figure 15.Despite the obvious benefits of chorus units, BBDs are rather noisy, so many (although not all) 1970s manufacturers treated them as a necessary evil that added interest to cheap, single-oscillator keyboards and synthesizers, but which were not suitable for top-of-the-range instruments. But while the high-brow approach was good in principle, the synthesizers that eschewed chorus and relied on other techniques to create lush sounds were expensive: multiple VCOs per voice, the ability to detune independent banks of oscillators against one another, the ability to modulate the pulse width of one bank and the frequency of the other... it all added up.
Then, sometime in the 1980s, chorus effects became legitimate, and started to appear on multi-oscillator-per-voice synths as well as single-oscillator instruments. Ask yourself, what's the thing that most synth fans mention first when discussing the Elka Synthex? The oscillators? The filters? The modulation? No... it's the superb chorus unit at the end of the signal path. Even Sequential Circuits conceded defeat in the late '80s, by adding chorus to the Prophet VS. And what do people most often decry about some of the most powerful 'pure' synthesizers yet developed? It's that they didn't sound lush, so Yamaha redesigned the DX series, restoring the chorus unit that they had removed when they discontinued the GS1 and GS2 in 1983 or thereabouts.
By the late '80s, it had become clear to everyone that you could take the less animated sounds from DCO-based synthesizers, or the relatively sterile waveforms from early digital synthesizers and workstations, add a well-designed chorus unit, and the thing would sound gorgeous. Hmm... a bland waveform enlivened by a chorus/ensemble... we used to call that a string synth, and it's one of the enduring absurdities of our industry that instruments such as the Solina and ARP Omni now sell for more than double the price of a well-preserved DX7.
Find ALL Synth Secrets Parts
In this article...
Synth Secrets: all 63 Parts on Sound On Sound site
The Secret Of The Big Red Button
Creative Synthesis With Delays
From Analogue To Digital Effects
Synthesizing The Rest Of The Hammond Organ: Part 2
Synthesizing Hammond Organ Effects
Synthesizing Tonewheel Organs: Part 2
Practical Flute Synthesis
Synthesizing Simple Flutes
Synthesizing Pan Pipes
Articulation & Bowed-string Synthesis
Practical Bowed-string Synthesis (continued)
Practical Bowed-string Synthesis
Synthesizing Bowed Strings: The Violin Family
Synthesizing Strings: PWM & String Sounds
Synthesizing Strings: String Machines
Synthesizing Acoustic Pianos On The Roland JX10 [Part 3]
Synthesizing Pianos
Synthesizing Cowbells & Claves
Synthesizing Bells
Practical Cymbal Synthesis
Synthesizing Realistic Cymbals
Analysing Metallic Percussion
Practical Snare Drum Synthesis
Synthesizing Drums: The Snare Drum
Practical Bass Drum Synthesis
Synthesizing Drums: The Bass Drum
Practical Percussion Synthesis: Timpani
Synthesizing Percussion
A Final Attempt To Synthesize Guitars
The Theoretical Acoustic Guitar Patch
Synthesizing Plucked Strings
Roland SH101 & ARP Axxe Brass Synthesis
What's In A Sound?
The Physics Of Percussion
Modifiers & Controllers
Of Filters & Phase Relationships
Further With Filters
Of Responses & Resonance
Envelopes, Gates & Triggers
More About Envelopes
An Introduction To VCAs
An Introduction To Frequency Modulation
More On Frequency Modulation
An Introduction To Additive Synthesis
An Introduction To ESPs & Vocoders
From Sample & Hold To Sample-rate Converters (1)
Priorities & Triggers
Duophony
Introducing Polyphony
From Polyphony To Digital Synths
From Springs, Plates & Buckets To Physical Modelling
Formant Synthesis
Synthesizing Wind Instruments
Synthesizing Brass Instruments
Brass Synthesis On A Minimoog
The Secret Of The Big Red Button July 2004
Creative Synthesis With Delays May 2004
From Analogue To Digital Effects April 2004
Synthesizing The Rest Of The Hammond Organ: Part 2 March 2004
Synthesizing The Rest Of The Hammond Organ: Part 1 February 2004
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