text:
Eric Bibb (* 16. August 1951 in New York) ist ein US-amerikanischer Bluesmusiker und Singer-Songwriter, der fast ausschließlich mit akustischer Gitarre (und Hut) auftritt und mehrfach für den Handy bzw. Blues Music Award nominiert worden ist. Sein Musikstil, bei dem er häufig Fingerpicking-Techniken einsetzt, vermischt akustischen Blues mit Folk, Gospel, R&B und Soul. Er ist der Sohn des Folk-Sängers und Schauspielers Leon Bibb, mit dem er zusammen auch zwei Alben aufnahm.

Biografie

Kindheit und Jugend
Als Sohn Leon Bibbs wuchs Eric in New York in einer musikalisch vor allem durch Folkmusik geprägten Umgebung auf, in der er unter anderem mit den Musikerfreunden seines Vaters – wie Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan und Odetta – und seinem Onkel, dem bekannten Jazz-Pianisten und Komponisten John Lewis, Kontakt hatte. Seinem Taufpaten, dem Künstler und Bürgerrechtler Paul Robeson, widmete Eric im Jahr 2006, zusammen mit seinem Vater, das Album Praising Peace – A Tribute To Paul Robeson.

Nachdem er im Alter von 7 Jahren begonnen hatte, Folkgitarre zu spielen, lernte er ab dem 13. Lebensjahr auf einer High School mit künstlerischem und musikalischem Schwerpunkt auch Gesang und weitere Instrumente wie Kontrabass, Konzertgitarre und Klavier.

Bibb wurde in seiner Jugend stark durch die ausgeprägte Folkszene des Greenwich Village der damaligen Zeit geprägt und sieht sich noch heute nicht zwingend als Bluesmusiker, sondern betont, dass er keinen großen Unterschied zwischen Folk und Blues sehe.
Im Alter von 16 Jahren wurde er schließlich als Gitarrist in die ständige Begleitband der TV-Talentshow Someone New seines Vaters aufgenommen. In dieser Zeit beeinflusste ihn musikalisch sein Onkel John Lewis, der als Jazz-Musiker mit Miles Davis zusammengearbeitet hatte und später lange im Modern Jazz Quartet spielen würde, und brachte ihm vor allem die Bluesmusik nahe.

Etwas später spielte er auch Gitarre für die Negro Ensemble Company und nahm zunächst ein Studium der Fächer Russisch und Psychologie an der Columbia University auf.

Beginn der Solokarriere
Bibb verließ jedoch 1970 ohne Studienabschluss die Vereinigten Staaten und ging nach Europa, wo er heute noch überwiegend lebt. Über Paris, wo er in Kontakt mit Mickey Baker kam, der ihn für das Gitarrenspiel Robert Johnsons begeisterte, übersiedelte er nach Stockholm. Dort befasste er sich vor allem mit dem Blues aus der Zeit vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg und trat regelmäßig mit eigenen Kompositionen auf. Im Jahr 1972 erschien in Schweden seine erste LP namens Ain't It Grand. Im Jahr 1980 kehrte Bibb schließlich nach New York zurück, um dort seine Karriere als professioneller Blues- und Folkmusiker fortzusetzen. Nach mäßigem Erfolg kehrte er Mitte der 1980er Jahre nach Schweden zurück, wo er als Musiklehrer arbeitete, jedoch nebenbei weiterhin auftrat und in Stockholms Weltmusikszene involviert war. Weitere seiner LPs erschienen von den 70er bis in die 90er Jahre bei verschiedenen schwedischen Musiklabels, meist beim Independent-Label Opus 3. Teilweise kooperierte Bibb dabei mit anderen in Schweden ansässigen amerikanischen Musikern wie dem Blues-Mandolinisten Bert Deivert oder der Gospelsängerin Cyndee Peters. Außerdem arbeitete er im Auftrag von BMG als Songschreiber für andere Künstler.

Erste Erfolge und kommerzieller Durchbruch
Größere öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit bekam Bibb Mitte der 1990er Jahre, unter anderem durch einen gemeinsamen Auftritt mit Corey Harris und Keb' Mo' beim London Blues Festival 1996. Seine Alben Spirit & The Blues von 1995 und Good Stuff von 1997, beide unter Mitwirkung der Needed Times-Band, wiesen erneut deutliche Gospel- und Folkeinflüsse auf. Diese LPs waren seine ersten, die – mit Verzögerung – auch in den USA veröffentlicht wurden.

Seine Kooperation mit Taj Mahal und Linda Tillery auf der CD Shakin' a Tailfeather von 1997, einer Zusammenstellung von Liedern für Kinder, wurde mit einer Grammy-Nominierung belohnt.

In den folgenden Jahren tourte Bibb, der als hervorragender Live-Musiker gilt, regelmäßig durch Nordamerika, Australien, Europa und trat dort bspw. beim Glastonbury Festival, beim WOMAD und in der Royal Albert Hall auf; in Nordamerika tourte er u. a. mit Ray Charles, Etta James, Robert Cray, John Mayall und Robben Ford. Weitere CD-Veröffentlichungen, mit Gastmusikern wie Pops und Mavis Staples, Bonnie Raitt, Ruthie Foster, Odetta, Guy Davis, Charlie Musselwhite, Bill Lee, Mamadou Diabaté und Taj Mahal, folgten. Live-Aufnahmen seiner Konzerte sind, in verschiedenen Bandbesetzungen, auf der CD An Evening with Eric Bibb und der Doppel-CD Live à FIP veröffentlicht worden.

Ab 2005 gelang Bibb endgültig auch der kommerzielle Durchbruch in den USA. Die Studioalben A Ship Called Love (2005), Diamond Days (2007) und Get Onboard (2008) verkauften sich gut und erreichten jeweils vordere Platzierungen in der Kategorie Top Blues Albums der Billboard Charts. Songs von diesen CDs wurden u. a. im Film Gospel Hill und in der TV-Serie The District verwendet.

Sein im Januar 2010 veröffentlichtes Album Booker's Guitar widmete er der Blueslegende Booker White, wobei der gleichnamige Titelsong des Albums auf einer Resonatorgitarre aus den 1930er Jahren eingespielt wurde, die White gehört haben soll. Die 13 Eigenkompositionen des Albums, ergänzt durch eine Interpretation des Folk-Traditionals Wayfaring Stranger und die Coverversion von Blind Willie Johnsons Nobody's Fault But Mine, sind überwiegend durch den akustischen, klassischen Delta-Blues der Vorkriegszeit inspiriert, jedoch modern interpretiert im Stile Bibbs. Sein Gesang und Gitarrenspiel wird – im Gegensatz zu seinem letzten Studioalbum Get Onboard, das mit einer Reihe verschiedener Musiker und Instrumente aufgenommen wurde – lediglich auf einigen Songs durch das Mundharmonikaspiel von Grant Dermody ergänzt. Das Album erreichte Platz 1 in der Kategorie Top Blues Albums der Billboard Charts und brachte ihm zahlreiche gute Kritiken und erneut zwei Nominierungen – in den Kategorien Best Acoustic Blues Album und Best Acoustic Blues Artist – der Blues Music Awards 2011 ein.

Eric Bibb lebt mit seiner Frau, die ebenfalls Musikerin ist, in Schweden. Auch seine Tochter Yana ist Sängerin.

Diskografie (Auswahl)

Alben
 Ain't It Grand (1972)
 Rainbow People (1977, mehrfach als CD wiederveröffentlicht)
 Olikalikadant (1978), mit Cyndee Peters
 Golden Apples of the Sun (1981)
 Hello Stranger (1983), mit Bert Deivert
 Spirit & the Blues (1995), mit der Needed Times-Band
 Good Stuff (1997), mit der Needed Times-Band
 Me to You (1997)
 Home to Me (1999)
 Roadworks (2000)
 Just like Love (2000)
 Painting Signs (2001)
 Natural Light (2003)
 A Family Affair (2004), mit Leon Bibb
 Friends (2004)
 Sisters & Brothers (2004), mit Rory Block and Maria Muldaur
 Just Like Love (2000)
 Livin' Lovin' & Doin': Retrospective
 Eric Bibb, a Retrospective (2006)
 Praising Peace – A Tribute To Paul Robeson (2006), mit Leon Bibb
 Diamond Days (2007)
 An Evening with Eric Bibb (2007), Live-Album – aufgenommen im März 2002 in Sydney, Australien
 Get Onboard (2008)
 Spirit I Am (2008)
 Live à FIP (2009), zwei Livesessions von 2008 mit unterschiedlicher Bandbesetzung, aufgenommen beim Pariser Hörfunksender FIP
 Booker's Guitar (2010)
 Troubadour Live (2011)
 Deeper in the Well (2012)
 Brothers in Bamako (2012), mit Habib Koité
 Jericho Road (2013)
 Eric Bibb and the North Country Far (2013)
 Eric Bibb in 50 Songs (2014), 3-CD-Compilation (2003–2013)
 Blues People (2014) u. a. mit Taj Mahal, The Blind Boys of Alabama, Guy Davis, Popa Chubby und Glen Scott
 Blues Detour (2014)
 Lead Belly's Gold (mit Jean-Jacques Milteau, 2015)
 The Happiest Man In The World (mit North Country Far und Danny Thompson, 2016)
 Migration Blues (2017; nominiert für einen Grammy in der Kategorie Best Traditional Blues Album)
 Global Griot (Doppelalbum, 2018)
Dear America (2021)

DVD
 Live at the Basement (2007), aufgenommen im März 2002 in Sydney, Australien
 Up Close with Eric Bibb (2005), aufgenommen 2005 im Musikclub The Basement in Sydney, Australien

Sonstiges
 Guitar Tab Songbook, Volume 1 (2015; CD + DVD + CD-ROM)

Weblinks

 Offizielle Webpräsenz Eric Bibbs
 [ Eintrag zu Eric Bibb] im All Music Guide
 Ausführliche Diskographie von Eric Bibb
 Eric Bibbs Profil auf allaboutjazz.com

Quellen

Blues-Gitarrist
Musiker (New York City)
Musiker (Stockholm)
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1951
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The problem which I enunciate and solve in this paper seems to have originated in the study of properties of polyhedral functions. It is a problem of elementary analytical geometry of three dimensions, and the solution which I give, though somewhat tedious, is both elementary and direct. There are several comments which I have to make about current solutions, but I reserve these until the end of the paper since they will be more easily appreciated when it is possible to compare the current solutions with my solution.


Minimalism is preferred by many people nowadays because of the lifestyle it encourages. Living simpler, without items that you don't actually use in your day to day activities, without spending so much money on things that don't have an impact on your life represents a goal for certain people. There is no wonder why making use of small space is now a hot topic in design magazines, forum discussions, and social media. This article will list the guidelines required for designing a minimalist studio without worrying about the available space.
The furniture items included in a minimalist design should occupy most of the space in your studio apartment. This is the reason why you want the items to be pretty general. If your studio apartment is a fully opened space, you should only include the pieces of furniture that are absolutely required for living. First, choose a raised, king-size bed. This is the central point of the apartment.
The kitchen furniture should be kept as simple as possible, while storage furniture should be blended perfectly in the studio's design. White, black or beige furniture is recommended to match the neutral color schemes that are usually selected for minimalist designs. If you are redesigning your studio, look for storage units near me to store away your actual furniture items until you make a further decision. Having too many items resting around the apartment when you want to obtain a minimalist look is not a good idea.
Lighting is very important when it comes to studios. Because of the open space, you need to bring light to each corner of the apartment, which can be tricky. Make use of the windows of the studio and design a natural corner next to them. You can use indoor plants that are easy to maintain green. Where natural light doesn't reach, you need to find lighting alternatives that are appropriate for the ambiance of a minimalist studio apartment. For instance, minimal floor lamps should easily blend into the design and offer the expected result.
Adding mirrors to any open space will make it appear bigger, which is an outcome that most people want for studio apartments. If you can afford, cover an entire wall in mirror panels. This will give the illusion of a huge space, will help light reach every corner of the house and will make the whole apartment look more luxurious. Make sure that the wall you select for mirrors is isolated from any kind of potential damage.
Studio apartments can be divided into multiple rooms if desired. This is not as difficult as many people may think and it doesn't require a huge investment. Thinking outside the idea of adding new walls and using other sorts of methods to separate space is recommended. A minimal bookshelf that's placed in the middle of the studio can beautifully separate one area of the house from another. If you don't want to physically create different spaces in your apartment, you can follow distinct color schemes for each area of it.


text:
Did Columbus really never know he reached a new continent?
A widespread knowledge is that Columbus died without knowing he reached a new continent.
In Columbus Journal of the Third Voyage (1498) it is written:
"I have come to believe that this is a mighty continent which was hitherto unknown. I am greatly supported in this view by reason of this great river, and by this sea which is fresh."
Moreover the idea of a new continent was not unknown to other Spanish crown navigators as during the lifetime of Columbus (who died in 1506), Amerigo Vespucci wrote in 1501:
"We knew that land to be a continent, and not an island, from its long beaches extending without trending round, the infinite number of inhabitants, the numerous tribes and peoples, the numerous kinds of wild animals unknown in our country, and many others never seen before by us, touching which it would take long to make reference."
Do we agree that at least Columbus was aware of the hypothesis that the land mass he hit was of a new continent?
From his third Journal, can we conclude he admitted he reached a new continent and if so the sentence from Wikipedia's Columbus page:
"Never admitting that he had reached a continent previously unknown to Europeans rather than the East Indies he had set out for, [...]"
is incorrect?
americas christopher-columbus
PolkPolk
I think this question is conflating two things: whether Columbus thought he had found the Indies, and whether he thought he might have also discovered a new continent.
Did Columbus think for the rest of his life he had sailed to the Indies1?
Yes he did.
Columbus appears to have been one of those people who believes things that they want to be true, and then go out looking for facts to back them up. What has sometimes been called The Unscientific Method. In his case, he wanted to believe the (East) Indies were nearby, so he went out and found the largest estimate of the size of Asia, paired it with his own personal miscalculated small estimate of the size of the Earth2, and came up with a "scientifically backed" figure of 3,700 km to Japan. The true distance is more than 3 times that.
Even in the 15th Century, this was considered shaky logic, and he was laughed out of every nautical capital in Europe. It was only the news of Dias having discovered the way around Africa in 1488 that persuaded the neighboring Spaniards to take a chance on the nutjob.
So if Columbus had been the kind of guy who could get diverted from this belief by little things like the preponderance of evidence, or everyone else thinking otherwise, he would never have made his first voyage.
Did Columbus think he had found a new continent?
Quite possibly. The area south and west of the Indies was not well explored (by Europeans), and it was thought by many that there ought to be an other continent down there because there was so much more land known north of the Equator. Many people for the next couple of centuries even speculatively put it on their maps.
So in Columbus' world view, another continent West of "the Indies" could easily be explained as Terra Australis. Later European explorers who really did go to the East Indies and found landmasses in that region assumed exactly that. This is how Australia got its name.
Here's one such map from about 50 years later. Notice that just about all of the unexplored area in the South of the projection was filled with land rather than sea.
1 - This is the area we today call "Indonesia", although he mistakenly thought Japan was down there too. Because that would have made them even closer.
2 - He took an Arab Astronomer's estimate of the size of the earth, but applied shorter Roman miles to it rather than the Arab miles the Astronomer was using. This error was likely pointed out to Columbus on multiple occasions (eg: the occasions he was rejected).
T.E.D.♦T.E.D.
Thanks for your answer. But isn't the phrase (did he really wrote it?) from his journal "I have come to believe that this is a mighty continent which was hitherto unknown. I am greatly supported in this view by reason of this great river, and by this sea which is fresh." a strong evidence that he actually thought he reached a new continent? Or do we have other evidences that show he has another stance in public? – Polk Nov 23 '15 at 9:50
@Polk - Yes, but it doesn't say that he realized he wasn't in the Indies. It just says he thinks he found a new continent out there. – T.E.D.♦ Nov 29 '15 at 22:30
"but it doesn't say that he realized he wasn't in the Indies". He says: "I have come to believe that this is a mighty continent which was hitherto unknown". For me "hitherto unknown" means it cannot be a continent we were already aware of, so it cannot be the Indies, no? – Polk Dec 3 '15 at 16:26
@Polk - Sure it can. Perhaps there was a continent in the Indies that nobody knew about before. That (later) map I showed depicts a continent existing in "The Indies". So clearly contemporaries found the idea plausible. – T.E.D.♦ Dec 3 '15 at 16:29
His round-trip routes were suspiciously perfect. For him to think it was actually India would have been a gross miscalculation of the planet's diameter. He must have at the very least allowed for the possibility that the land he discovered was, in fact, a separate continent: he did have an imagination.
As for him refusing stubbornly to admit it, he must have had pretty good reasons. He had a contract of sorts with his superiors to deliver a new route to India. Delivering something else may have been tantamount to voiding the agreement and everything that came with it: privileges, money, status, etc. He may not have wished to provide them with the loophole. What others said, and what his employers thought was not his concern: he stuck to his guns in order to force them to honor the deal.
RickyRicky
But the phrase I have come to believe that this is a mighty continent which was hitherto unknown doesn't say he was refusing stubbornly to admit it, rather the opposite, no? – Polk Nov 18 '15 at 12:03
Very good argument; the answer would be stronger with sources. – Mark C. Wallace♦ Nov 18 '15 at 12:13
History is the construction of narratives using sources; if you don't include sources you're not performing history. Might be fiction, might be rhetoric, might be pub conversation, might be monologue, but it isn't history. – Mark C. Wallace♦ Nov 18 '15 at 12:17
Whoa - let's de-escalate this. I complimented the argument you made, but pointed out that it would be a better argument if it included sources. I'm relatively sure that no history faculty in the free world would accept a paper based on logic rather than research; I'm not saying your conclusion is wrong (i said it looked good), I'm saying that answers supported by a combination of logic and research are superior. – Mark C. Wallace♦ Nov 18 '15 at 13:15
The first half of this looks "suspiciously" like a conspiracy theory I've heard before (plus, "India" != "The Indies"). – T.E.D.♦ Nov 18 '15 at 14:07
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged americas christopher-columbus or ask your own question.
Why was Columbus not aware of the existence of America?
How did Columbus calculate the size of the Earth?
How did people realize that America was a different continent?
Why did Christopher Columbus think he had arrived near Japan?
How did Diego Gutiérrez know the boundaries (shape of the Americas) when he drew the 1562 Map of America
Why did Columbus cross the mid-Atlantic instead of exploring from Greenland?
Did Christopher Columbus stay at a Lodge in Cordoba?
Which 'evidence' is there for a claim that 'Chinese discovered America in 636'?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearing find reliable in India are widely used in industrial drive, agriculture, compressors, motors and generators, construction, industrial fan, industrial transmission and other fields. FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearing find reliable in India can ensure high quality for more than 80% raw material of FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearing find reliable in India provided by the steel plant.
FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB Bearings Company information Combined with the FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearings , FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearings has the most complete product outline in rolling bearing industry .FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB bearings provide customers with a series of comprehensive and perfect service and technical support.
24032ESK30.TVPB FAG is the world leadership enterprise in production of rolling bearing and linear motion products, which is also the reputation of the supplier in the car industry, FAG groups have about 65000 employees in more than 50 countries, there are more than 180 branches. In major industrial countries all over the world, there are FAG bearing company, branches and sales agents.
FAG mainly divided into following types: deep groove ball bearings, 24030ESK30.TVPB FAG, cylindrical roller bearing, tapered roller bearings,, and the spherical bearing, needle bearings, linear bearing, self-aligning ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings, thrust ball bearings, thrust roller bearings, joint bearings, etc.
FAG 24032ESK30.TVPB Supplier Details IKO bearing, found in 1950 in Japan, is the leading manufacture of needle roller bearing all over world. IKO represents innovation, knowledge and originality.


Councillors on Bath & North East Somerset Council are set to meet at a specially convened cabinet to consider proposals for a clean air zone in Bath, at the start of next month.
A report into the future of a proposed clean air zone is currently being prepared ahead of the cabinet meeting at the Guildhall in Bath on Tuesday 5th March.
Last December, the cabinet received a report updating on a consultation which more than 8,400 people took part in about the zone, thought to be a record number for Bath & North East Somerset Council.
In order to help shape a final decision, the council has taken additional time to analyse the responses and the technical modelling in order to prepare a report for the meeting in March.
The response to the consultation was unprecedented, with almost 20 per cent of the responses arriving in the last few days of the consultation.
"Obviously since the consultation ended it has taken additional time to consider all the responses to this crucial issue facing our city and wider area.
The December report noted the unprecedented consultation responses and stated that as a result more time was needed to fully analyse the feedback and undertake further statistical and financial modelling work.
The report identified a number of themes emerging from the consultation, including the boundary of the zone, impacts on specific groups of people and potential mitigations.
It recommended a further report with fully costed and modelled options, including mitigations, be reported back to the cabinet as soon as reasonably possible, and the cabinet agreed to delay the decision until March 2019.


Lately I've been more focussed on my diet and have been experimenting with stuff. I've blogged before that I was beginning to experiment with "bulletproof coffee". I was originally just calling this buttered coffee but it's only fair that I give the inventor, Dave Asprey his dues and use the name he gave it. Just calling it buttered coffee is misleading as it contains more MCT oil and coconut oil than butter so I'll go with the "bulletproof" name from now on.
I'm still drinking this stuff every day and I really like it. I feel good, I have been losing weight consistently and so far it seems to be working for me.
Over the last while I've also been doing occasional days of intermittent fasting. I got this idea also from Dave Asprey.
Basically in the morning when I get up, I drink my bulletproof coffee and then I don't eat lunch till 2pm. Then you aim to eat all your food between 2pm and 8pm, though I'm not exactly following this religiously, I'm using it as a guideline to experiment with.
Now, before I started with the bulletproof coffee, I used to not eat breakfast and by 12 I was insanely ravenous and would eat ALL THE FOOD. Now with the morning buttered coffee I can go till 2pm with no food with no problem at all. The idea is basically to push your body into a state of ketosis (fat burning) and, for me anyway, it seems to work. The funny thing about it is that it doesn't feel difficult and in fact I feel very clear and focussed and good. When I do eat, I don't eat huge amounts and as I mentioned before, what I am eating is very clean and healthy. Most days for lunch I'm eating a tonne of vegetables and some meat. I'm also trying to eat more (healthy) fats so in addition to the butter and MCT oil in the morning I'm also eating a lot of almonds, cashews and avocado.
Actually, chicken, avocado, almonds and hot sauce is a delicious lunch… you should try it.
Anyway… Due to the fact that I was changing how I ate, I was curious to look into what I was eating and to see what my calorie intake was and how my consumption was balanced in terms of carbs/fat and protein. For a few weeks I used the "my fitness pal" website. I was really just curious as I had literally no idea whatsoever what my calorie consumption was like.. Literally, it could have been 2000 or 4000, I just dunno.
It was interesting to record and monitor this. I found that my calorie intake varied from 1500 calories on a healthy midweek day to around 3500 on a weekend night with wine and junk food. On the whole though, I think my calorie intake relative to my basal metabolic rate and my rate of calorie burn through training is pretty well balanced.
The balance of where these calories came from was also interesting… I was aiming for 50% fat, 25% carbs and 25% protein. Overall I was close enough to these ratios though I concluded that it's really easy to get lots of calories from fats and carbs, I almost never eat enough protein. I've definitely cut down my carb intake though again I've been up and down with my intake ranging from around 30g to over 200g in a day.
I've realised I don't get enough protein and I'm addressing this. However its only after reviewing the numbers while writing this that I've realised how much the carb intake varied, so I think I will keep the experiment going for another while and pay a little more attention to how varying levels of carbs make me feel.
I know a lot of people that read this blog are very interested in nutrition so feel free to give me a shout if you've any questions or just want to yell at me for doing things that you think are unhealthy!


Know the financial and legal position of your business before preparing it for sale.
It is critical to be aware and in control of the financial and legal aspects of your business if you want to sell or hand it over.
Managing cashflow is the first and most obvious stage. You need to monitor the basics such as stock, suppliers and debtors as well as forecast future cashflow.
You need to protect your assets. They can be physical such as equipment, inventory and property. They need to be maintained and regularly valued for insurance. Staff who are personally invested and motivated through strong management can increase the sale value of a business. Designs, product idea and other creative pursuits can be protected through copyright, which falls under intellectual property law.
It's important to have your business valued by an independent assessor every year. A bank will look for this if you're after a loan.
Consider getting insurance that can cover yourself, your assets and business and even lost income if you are temporarily or permanently disabled. If a business partner dies, a policy might offer a payout to a spouse to cover lost future income. Business partners might able be able to take out insurance policies on each other, to lessen financial risks. Consider speaking to an insurance broker for further information on the appropriate insurance to get for your business.
Messy financial and legal records that don't reconcile gives potential buyers the impression that the information might not be credible or there might be a lot of work in tidying things up, once they buy the business.
Transitions can occur when one of the business partners dies unexpectedly, is permanently or temporarily incapacitated or wants to sell early. A buy/sell agreement is a legal document that co-owners draw up to lay out how transitions can be made with little disruption to the business. One option can be for the remaining owner to pay a portion upfront for the departing owner's slice of the business and make scheduled repayments down the track.
financial implications impacted by the transfer of ownership of the business.
Smart succession planning is about anticipating future issues and trying to solve a problem before it might happen. Spending a little time and money on legal and financial checks on your business might save on costly court cases or issues between family members later on.
A legal agreement outlines how a business or company should be run and can head off later disputes, particularly if a partner wants to get out early. Depending on the business structure you choose, a company costs more than a business to set up but offers more personal protection in the case of company liabilities. A partnership agreement (for businesses) and a shareholder agreement (for companies) can include the ways owners can exit. Remaining owners might agree to buy out the departing shareholder and pay off the debt over a period of time.
If you're passing on or selling a registered business you'll need to officially transfer the name through the Australian Securities & Investments Commission. This includes handing over a business to a relative.
When selling a small business, the seller might need to give the prospective buyer a vendor's statement (or Section 52 statement) before the contract of sale is signed. The statement includes important financial and tax information about the business.


1 Tenders: 18707339 Domestic Sale Price Of Grade 2A Fe 500/415 Prime Billets Ex Ninl Plant Basis.
3 Tenders: 18706673 Auction Sale Of L 05 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
4 Tenders: 18706672 Auction Sale Of L 05 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
5 Tenders: 18706671 Auction Sale Of L 05 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
6 Tenders: 18706667 Auction sale of l 04 billet r is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
7 Tenders: 18706666 Auction Sale Of L 04 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
8 Tenders: 18706665 Auction Sale Of L 04 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
9 Tenders: 18706663 Auction Sale Of L 04 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
10 Tenders: 18706660 Auction Sale Of L 04 Billet R Is28300c25hmna 105*105*105.000.
Tenders information of Billet Tenders in India and Indian tenders for Billet , Tender document For Billet , Billet tenders, Billet Tender information, Live Tender for Billet , Closed Tender for Billet , Free Tender for Billet , Free Full Tender Details for Billet . Live Chat Available for tenders information.


I compiled the original version of the list below from my browser "Favourites" for another purpose and thought it might be of use/interest here. It has now grown somewhat! It isn't as comprehensive as Brad Hurley's listings, but it is reasonably current and perhaps fulfils a need on this forum. It includes some makers whose main activities are not simple system or keyless flutes aimed at ITM. There may well be omissions both glaring and obscure, but none intentional. Inclusion signifies nothing save that I am aware of the maker/firm listed - no value judgements are implied. There are doubtless makers whose websites I have visited but which I neglected to save to "Favourites" and others of whom I am aware but who have no website. I'll add them as they come to mind. I haven't done any specific research for this list. I make the obvious disclaimer that I have no commercial connection with or interest in any of the listees. I shall doubtless make additions and emendations as I discover new names or changes to existing details.
Other kinds of response post most welcome, however.
EDIT(s): thoughts arising: I don't intend to include makers who only make metal Boehm flutes, but may include wooden Boehm makers and headjoint makers as well as makers of Baroque and earlier flutes. I have changed the thread title to reflect this. I will, notwithstanding that, include makers of keyless "Irish" or "Folk" flutes, period replica and simple system flutes in materials other than wood. It gets too difficult to define all that in a headline! I don't intend to complicate things by posting any links other than websites - even for those makers who don't have websites - Brad's list is the place to go for direct contact info for those who only have e-addresses or conventional, non-web communications. Here is a similar useful list of Baroque flute makers.
The only selection and "quality control" criteria I'm running on whom I include in this thread are that I have to at least have heard of a nominee for inclusion "on the grapevine" or, if I haven't, that I am able to check out their website if they have one, and that they are currently in active production - so I'd also appreciate pms if anyone discovers a maker has given up and should be removed from the list, as well as any link updates if listed links don't work.
I'll put up the products of suggestion messages in due course. I'm sure this will settle down to near stasis quite quickly, but I'll try to update it weekly - so if your suggestions don't appear at once, bear with me.
My thanks to Denny for advice on and help with trimming web addresses to more generic and shorter forms than those saved by my browser.
Last edited by jemtheflute on Thu Nov 13, 2008 2:41 pm, edited 52 times in total.
Last edited by Dana on Wed Feb 13, 2008 9:19 am, edited 1 time in total.
I did try to get the link updated but, I guess that the message didn't get through.
Last edited by rh on Wed Feb 13, 2008 5:58 am, edited 1 time in total.
Does anybody actually READ OPs? I know I didn't link it, but I did mention it!
Last edited by jemtheflute on Wed Feb 13, 2008 6:19 am, edited 1 time in total.
sorry jem. eyes not working properly this morning.
Know the feeling! No prob. Good idea to put the link in the OP though - done!
Last edited by jemtheflute on Wed Feb 13, 2008 6:30 am, edited 1 time in total.
Thanks Rama, but I think beatification may be a trifle premature and scarcely deserved ! I'll settle for Stickydom though!
Seriously, it wasn't hard work and I was doing it for a separate purpose anyway, literally just a case of transferring links I'd casually collected - hence omissions etc.
Thanks to the people who've pm'd me - I'll put up the products thereof in due course. I'm sure this will settle down to near stasis quite quickly, but I'll try to update it weekly - so if your suggestions don't appear at once, bear with me.
Two riders to the OP: I don't intend to include makers who only make metal Boehm flutes, but may include wooden Boehm makers and headjoint makers as well as makers of Baroque and earlier flutes. I also don't intend to complicate things by posting any links other than websites - even for those makers who don't have websites - Brad's list is the place to go for direct contact info for those who only have e-addresses or conventional, non-web communications.
And don't forget Geert Lejeune either. My flute made by him will be ready in a couple of days. I want to believe that it will be an excellent flute. I had to sell my Michael Grinter flute in order to be able to pay for it.
PLEASE people, PMs for additions/suggestions!
Updated - a couple of additions/discoveries - check out the Hevia, Parrado y Aragón website - I had heard of these guys before vaguely, but was reminded by seeing one of their flutes for sale currently on eBay - http://cgi.ebay.co.uk/ws/eBayISAPI.dll? ... :IT&ih=020 - with a link to some decent vid clips on Youtube too!
They have quite a production, there must be a set of pipes in every home in Spain!


text:
ベラジョンカジノ Mobile Casino – The Future of Online Gaming
How Much Is Annie Wersching Actually Worth?
Fans Spot Selena Gomez's Hands Shaking In Videos: Here's The Reason
Home Lifestyle Shopping
Tips for Choosing The Best Kawaii Plushies
by Neetika Mahawar
No matter how you look at it, kawaii plushies are one of the world's most popular trends. Many people now count these soft toys, which can be anything from fashion-forward soft toys to cuddly characters, as an essential part of their lives. In this blog, we will discuss the development of kawaii plushies in the West, the history of plushies cow stuffed animal and some of the most recent kawaii plushie trends.
Are you prepared to learn more? Let's start!
1. Background Kawaii
2. The History of Plushies
3. Past Kawaii plushies
4. kawaii plushies into merchandise
5. The rise of "kawaii" or "kawaii-style" plushies in the
6. The current generation of kawaii plushies
7. Trends in Kawaii Plushies
8. Mushroom plush
Kawaii Plushies are ideal for anime and other fans of all things cute. These soft toys have been around for centuries, and their popularity has only grown over the past few years. In the past, they were straightforward characters made of soft materials like cotton and wool, but they are now significantly more stylish and sophisticated. The current style of plushies is called kawaii, which means "cute" in Japanese. It is ideal for anime fans and fans of cute characters!
You don't have to be in Japan to enjoy kawaii plushies, despite the fact that they are frequently associated with Japanese culture. Nowadays, they are common fashion accessories that can be used for a variety of things, like to decorate your child's outfit or keep them occupied. Whether you're a fan of plushies or just want to know more about them, continue reading for a comprehensive look at this fascinating trend!
Plushies are without a doubt one of the most popular toys in the world. Since the 16th century, they have been used as toys throughout Europe. At the beginning of the 1900s, toy manufacturers began producing plushies in an effort to reach a wider audience. In the 1960s, plushies started to develop in Japan and spread worldwide.
By the 1970s, plush toys had advanced, and Japanese manufacturers like Bandai and Takara Tomy were to blame for the new action figures and dolls and the marketing that went along with them. Plushies gained even more popularity as a result of the development of action figures and dolls, which were produced by Japanese companies like Bandai and Takara Tomy.
Woody Woodpecker was one of the first American cartoon characters to receive plush toys. Mattel released him in 1972 for the Western market outside of Japan. The Kawaii History of Plushies cannot be stopped, which has made plush toys a popular choice for kids of all ages.
Soft plushies have been around for centuries and have a strong connection to the Japanese Kawaii style of design. As a result, their history spans cultures and is fascinating and varied. In the 1950s, soft toy manufacturers began producing products that were influenced by Japanese culture and pop culture icons like Godzilla and Mickey Mouse.
These plushies were frequently designed to resemble characters from well-known Japanese manga and anime series. In the 1970s, Japanese toy manufacturers began producing plushies for international sale. These toys quickly established themselves as a popular component of Western culture as well.
Kawaii plushies are increasingly regarded as fashion accessories as the kawaii style has gained popularity in Western culture in recent years. Therefore, whether you are a fan of Japanese culture or just like cute things, you will adore kawaii plushies!
There are kawaii plushies everywhere! These cuddly characters have a long and interesting history, regardless of whether you are a Totoro or Hello Kitty fan. Kawaii plushies quickly became popular as design frills after being initially used in marketing to entice customers into stores.
In recent years, the popularity of animals like long cat plush has matched the rise in production and sales of these kawaii plushies. Today, kawaii plushies are frequently utilized in the creation of fashionable soft toys that can be sold worldwide. However, there is a growing trend toward personalizing and customizing plush toys to give them an even more unique personality.
From Totoro to Hello Kitty to anime to cartoons, these adorable creatures have become fashion and fun icons. We hope you've enjoyed this post thus far, whether you're looking for something to spice up your life with a little kawaii fun or just want to know more about their history!
West Plushies are the most recent fad to sweep the West. These cuddly characters have a growing cult following. What motivates their praise? Due to their adorable personalities and soft designs, Kawaii plushies quickly attracted Westerners' attention. They have a distinct style and designs. They quickly became popular in the West because of their distinctive design and style, and they are now even considered fashion accessories.
Since their inception, kawaii plushies have advanced from adorable characters to fashionable soft toys. Nowadays, these plushies are used for a variety of purposes, including fashion, therapy, and decoration. As the kawaii plushies of today continue to evolve, designers continue to create ever more original designs that are appealing to both children and adults.
Many stores carry these soft toys, which are now very popular with fashion-conscious people of all ages. Therefore, start looking for the ideal kawaii plushie for your home right away!
The making of Kawaii Plushies is not standardized. This is due to the fact that they are appropriate for any occasion and can be styled in a variety of different ways. With cuddly characters and fashionable soft toys, there is a kawaii plushie for everyone. There are now even more varieties of kawaii plushies, including robots, animals, and character cars, than ever before.
Fans of anime, manga, or video games are likely to be drawn to some of the most popular kawaii plushies this fall. So, why do you still have to wait? Make your purchase now to take advantage of the most recent kawaii plushie trends for this fall!
Kawaii plushies are now readily available at conventions, retail establishments, and online retailers, regardless of your anime preference! Animal pillows, such as long cat plush and mushroom plush, are a well-known and significant factor in the rise of the western pillow trend.
If you're looking to expand your plush collection, the Mushroom Plushies are the ideal companions. Because they are completely Fun-gi's, their adorable and kawaii designs make them the perfect addition to your home!
Featured image credit: vagueonthehow/ CC by 2.0
Also read: 5 Things To Consider When Buying Toys for Your Child
Gifting in Style: Top 5 Gifts Your Coworkers Will Love
The Best Way to Purchase Custom Socks for Your Event
All About Law Enforcement Gear


Published 04/20/2019 12:27:27 pm at 04/20/2019 12:27:27 pm in How To Patch A Concrete Driveway.
how to patch a concrete driveway concrete driveway cracking driveways angies list asphalt how to build a driveway.
settling sinking outdoor concrete repair in north carolina identifying causes solutions for sinking damaged concrete outside your home, resurface old concrete with pebble stone in one dayamazing resurface old concrete with pebble stone in one dayamazing, how much does it cost to seal an asphalt driveway angies list asphalt driveway after sealcoating job, garage floor resurfacing fix a pitted garage floor family how to resurface concrete, how to seal concrete , how to lay block paving laying guides bradstone how to lay block paving, pc products pcconcrete twopart epoxy adhesive paste for view larger, fixing cracks in concrete this old house , how to fix cracks in a driveway and apply a coat of sealant how make these mossycovered garden letters for your garden, concrete repair the family handyman how to caulk concrete, how to build a driveway apron this old house youtube .


text:
Q: Vector iterator erase giving me a runtime error? So I got a methode inside my class, and what this class is supposed to do is, check if the vector i have in the .h file have values bewtween double low & double high and then delete those and at last return how many "spaces" got removed
So I tried a few things and i always get runtime errors, it seems to be in the for loop, but i can´t figure out why.
Here is what i tried,
First I tried to just do it the way I felt like it would work:
int datastorage::eraseDataPointsBetween(double low,double high)
{
    int antal = 0;
    for (vector<double>::iterator i = data_.begin(); i !=data_.end();i++)
    {
        if (*i >=low && *i <=high)
        {
            data_.erase(i);
            antal++;
        }

    }
    return antal;
}

But then I tried to do some debugging and I could see that it actually doesn´t make sence to have it like that as when something gets deleted it still gets incremented(so if we delete "space 2" it would actually check space 4 next time(as spot 3 get to be spot 2 after erase)))
So I tried to change it to this
int datastorage::eraseDataPointsBetween(double low,double high)
{
    int antal = 0;
    for (vector<double>::iterator i = data_.begin(); i !=data_.end();)
    {
        if (*i >=low && *i <=high)
        {
            data_.erase(i);
            antal++;
        }
        else
            i++;
    }
    return antal;
}

Where it only increment the i whenever i do not remove a space(so if I delete "space 2", it will check the new "space 2" next run)
This also gives me a syntax error expression: vector iterators incompatible
Hope you can help because I'm pretty lost

A: vector::erase invalidates iterator so you cannot use it after call to erase.
You should erase from a vector this way:
int datastorage::eraseDataPointsBetween( double low, double high)  {
  int antal = 0;
  for( vector<double>::iterator i = data_.begin(); i !=data_.end())
  {
     if( (*i >= low) && (*i <= high))
     {
        i = data_.erase( i); // new (valid) iterator is returned
        ++antal;
     }
     else
     {
        ++i;
     }

   return antal;
}

A: You should use the remove_if() and erase. The reason why this is somewhat more stable than writing your own loops is simple -- you can't get into trouble using invalid iterators.
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

struct IsBetween
{
   double low, high;
   IsBetween(double l, double h) : low(l), high(h) {}
   bool operator()(double d) const { return d >= low && d <= high; }
};

void datastorage::eraseDataPointsBetween(double low,double high)
{
   std::vector<double>::iterator it = std::remove_if(data.begin(), data.end(), IsBetween(low, high));
   data.erase(it, data.end());
}

There are no loops, and note the use of remove_if() with a function object IsBetween.
The bottom line is that you should minimize the attempt to write loops that erase items in a container while you're looping over the container.  There is remove_if(), remove(), partition(), etc. that moves the data you want to focus on to one end of the container.
As much as you'll see answers that erase an iterator while looping, and it seems safe, how many will remember the rules of what is returned, or rather simply, write the loop incorrectly? (even experienced C++ programmers could have written the loop incorrectly on the first cut).  So use the algorithms to do this work for you.
For remove_if(), the "bad" data is moved to the end, where you can now easily erase them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Rhombus Energy Solutions Inks Series C Round
SAN DIEGO, CA, Rhombus Energy Solutions has closed a Series C financing round, led by Emerald Technology Ventures.
>> Click here for more funding data on Rhombus Energy Solutions
>> To export Rhombus Energy Solutions funding data to PDF and Excel, click here
Rhombus Energy Solutions, Inc., a leading developer and manufacturer of high-efficiency power conversion systems for electric vehicle fleet charging, energy storage and microgrid applications, announced today that it has closed a Series C financing round from a global syndicate of advanced energy investors led by Emerald Technology Ventures. The syndicate also included Cycle Capital Management, Inci Holding, Nabtesco Technology Ventures, Greenhouse Capital Partners and existing shareholders. Emerald Technology Ventures Partner Markus Moor and Cycle Capital Management Founder and Managing Partner Andree-Lise Methot will join Rhombus' Board of Directors.
Rhombus develops and manufactures a line of UL 1741-SA certified bi-directional chargers for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) applications that are utilized by electric vehicle (EV) fleets and charging network operators. Similarly, Rhombus UL 1741-SA certified smart inverters are preferred equipment in commercial and industrial building solar energy and energy storage solutions, where they enable behind-the-meter peak shaving and building-to-grid power transfer.
"Emerald sees high-power EV charging, and particularly Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) EV charging, as promising means to both reduce energy costs for EV fleets and to provide energy to the utility grid during peak demand hours," said Markus Moor, Partner at Emerald Technology Ventures. "The Rhombus team has the expertise and technology to provide industry-leading solutions in this fast-growing and important market. The Company has demonstrated this leadership through the success of its products in a variety of demanding EV fleet deployments."
"Cycle Capital invests in companies that will have a meaningful impact on climate change. We believe that Rhombus is well positioned to enable this transition as a leader in the electric vehicle charging space for commercial fleets. Not only does the Company offer one of the most robust charging solutions with vehicle-to-grid capability for high power applications, the management team has extensive experience and they are widely recognized as leaders and innovators in the power sector," said Andrée-Lise, Founder and Managing Partner of Cycle Capital.
"We are very pleased with the integrity of the firms and the shared commitment of the syndicate," said Rick Sander, President and CEO of Rhombus. "With the new investment, Rhombus will continue to scale its team and operations to accelerate product development, expand sales and marketing reach and fulfill the needs of its fast-growing customer base. The EV market is expected to grow exponentially over the next several years as commercial fleets take advantage of its value proposition to reduce energy costs. The expertise of the Rhombus team in the field of high-power smart inverters and V2G-capable EV chargers has enabled the company to ship over 800 systems worldwide into the most demanding environments."
About Rhombus Energy Solutions:
Rhombus develops and manufactures next-generation bi-directional electric vehicle charging infrastructure, high-efficiency power conversion systems and energy management system (EMS) software for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capable electric vehicle fleet charging, energy storage and microgrid applications. The high reliability of our solutions is the result of decades of experience developing high-power systems for a variety of applications and deployment scenarios, including UL-1741-SA system-to-grid solutions. For more information, please visit http://www.RhombusEnergy.com.
About Emerald Technology Ventures:
Emerald is a globally recognized investment firm and strategic innovation partner, with offices in Zurich, Toronto and Singapore. Founded in 2000, it has raised five venture capital funds, completed over 400 venture investments in 67 emerging industrial technology leaders and managed five third-party investment mandates, including for the governments of Switzerland and Singapore. Emerald is a trusted open innovation partner for numerous multi-national corporations, leveraging deep industry expertise and rich global deal flow in the areas of energy, water, industrial IT, advanced materials, mobility, robotics, and agriculture. http://www.emerald-ventures.com
About Ä°nci Holding:
With foundations laid by Cevdet Ä°nci 68 years ago, Ä°nci Holding today employs 3,000 people in nine companies, mainly in the automotive sector. As well as manufacturing batteries and wheels for the automotive supplier industry, Ä°nci Holding also produces minibars for the hotel equipment sector and is active in logistics and the venture capital ecosystem. The group's social responsibility activities are undertaken by the Cevdet Ä°nci Education Foundation. The Ä°nci Group supplies global giants, exporting 70% of its output to over 100 countries. A family business run on corporate governance principles, Ä°nci Holding's continued development contributes to the Turkish economy. http://www.inciholding.com/en
About Cycle Capital Management:
Cycle Capital Management (CCM) is an impact investor and Canada's largest cleantech venture capital investment platform with AUM (assets under management) close to CAD $0.5B. With offices in Montreal, Toronto and Qingdao - in continental China - and a presence in New York and Seattle, CCM invests in companies at the development and growth stages that commercialize clean technologies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, optimize resource use and improve process efficiency throughout North America and China. CCM is also the Founder of the Ecofuel Accelerator and the Co-Founder of the Ecofuel Fund. http://www.cyclecapital.com
About Nabtesco Technology Ventures:
Nabtesco Technology Ventures (NTV) is a corporate venture fund launched in 2018 by Japan's Nabtesco Corporation. NTV's goal is to explore new technologies, applications and business models in areas of strategic interest to Nabtesco Corporation, such as Rhombus' advanced power electronics products for electrical energy conversion and control. The EUR 75 million fund invests primarily, but not exclusively, in mobility, robotics, motors, sensors, additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, and Internet of Things technologies. NTV evaluates and manages equity investments and joint development projects with start-up companies around the world. Investment activities are managed under strategic partnership with Emerald Technology Ventures, a global leader in technology venture capital. https://nabtesco-ventures.com/
About Greenhouse Capital Partners:
Greenhouse Capital Partners is a growth capital firm investing in companies with established business models promoting health and sustainability within the areas of Food, Agriculture, Industrials and the Environment. The firm believes that an economic revolution is underway, powered by technology and simultaneously shaped by evolving system needs, that is rapidly changing the way we produce, move, consume and preserve goods and natural resources. Greenhouse is at the forefront of investing in this wave of change and partners with values driven teams building solutions to help make the world more resourceful and resilient. http://greenhousecap.com/


text:
Borussia Mönchengladbach defender Ramy Bensebaini feels fully vindicated in his decision to swap Ligue 1 for the Bundesliga. - © getty images
"Bundesliga better than Ligue 1" - Borussia Mönchengladbach's Ramy Bensebaini
With four goals, including a match-winning double against Bayern Munich, to show for his maiden 11 Bundesliga appearances as part of a Borussia Mönchengladbach team chasing a first league title in over 40 years, Ramy Bensebaini has no regrets about leaving Ligue 1 club Rennes for the German top flight last summer.
bundesliga.com caught up with the Algeria international and AFCON 2019-winning defender to discuss life at Gladbach, his first impressions of the Germany's foremost division and his route into football...
bundesliga.com: After 25 matches, Gladbach are fourth in the table, only six points behind leaders Bayern. Where will you finish at the end of the season?
Ramy Bensebaini: "I think we can finish the season in the top five. We'll do our best to finish as high as possible."
bundesliga.com: What do you think about the quality of the squad?
Bensebaini: "On the pitch, we're always there for each other. You know that if an opponent gets past you, one of your teammates will have your back. Our strength is definitely our team spirit."
bundesliga.com: What do you think about Gladbach coach Marco Rose?
Bensebaini: "He's a very good person. He always talks to the players and tries to help them. He's a good coach, too, and the fact that we are challenging proves it."
bundesliga.com: Do you prefer playing as central defender or left-back?
Bensebaini: "I originally trained as a central defender. I've been playing as a left-back for almost four years now. I prefer playing on the left, but I can help in the centre if needed."
bundesliga.com: Ligue 1 or Bundesliga?
Bensebaini: "The Bundesliga. That's why I am here. I left Ligue 1 to join the Bundesliga, it made sense!"
bundesliga.com: What are the differences between the leagues?
Bensebaini: "I think it's physically tougher than in France, it's faster than in France, even though France has good teams too. But here I think the level is a bit higher."
Bensebaini has registered four goals and two assists in 18 competitive appearances for Gladbach in 2019/20. - imago images/Jan Huebner
bundesliga.com: Who made you want to play football?
Bensebaini: "When I was a child, my father encouraged me to become a footballer. I was always playing outside and then my father signed me up to a club in my hometown, Constantine. That's how it all started."
bundesliga.com: Who pushed you most to become a professional footballer?
Bensebaini: "My father was always there for me. He pushed me towards football, even though I wanted to play football anyway. My mother was also always there for me. I don't really know what to say about her, except 'thank you'. Even though I now live in Germany, she calls me three or four times a day. Thank you, mother."
Watch: Who is Ramy Bensebaini?
bundesliga.com: Which coach helped you the most?
Bensebaini: "My coach in Algeria, Jamel is his name. He was my coach in Constantine, he helped me a lot. I then moved to Algiers to train at the Paradou academy and he came with me, becoming the assistant to the academy coach. Therefore, my entire youth training was with him. He was there for me all along the way."
bundesliga.com: Tell us about the last Africa Cup of Nations in Egypt, where Algeria lifted the trophy.
Bensebaini: "First of all, before we went to the Africa Cup, the coach told us: "my only goal is to win the cup." And we the players didn't really believe it was possible. We had been knocked out of the first round at the last tournament. After that, it took guts to declare that our goal was to win it. So we went over there, with the goal in mind to take each game as it comes and then see where it takes us. And we ended the first round with nine points and no goals against us. At that point, we knew that something was happening. Little by little, we kept on winning games and our confidence rose. We reached the semi-finals and thought: it's now or never."
Want more Bundesliga Action?
Get your front row seat to the Bundesliga experience by signing up for our official newsletter:
All the news and updates on your favourite club
Up-to-date matchday news, stats & quotes
Straight from the Bundesliga's official editorial team


Soft tissue surgery, including cancers and chemotherapy treatment.
Diagnosis and treatment of complex medical cases.
Diagnostic investigations such as X-rays and ultrasound examinations.
Register your pet with us now by calling 01823 340660 (Norton Fitzwarren) or 01823 333909 (Lisieux Way).


Melt 2 sticks margarine and 2 oz unsweetened chocolate, (1 sq/oz = 6 T Hershey's Cocoa Powder), in a double boiler.
In a large bowl beat 4 eggs and add 2 cups sugar.
In a small bowl sift 1½ cups flour and 1 heaping teaspoon of baking powder and 1 teaspoon salt. Mix into egg mixture.
Add melted chocolate/margarine and 1 teaspoon vanilla to mixed egg and flour.
Spread batter into 11 x 15 pan sprayed with PAM. I use a broiler pan.
Bake 350 for 30 min or when toothpick comes out clean. If you use a broiler pan, it may take only 25 minutes to cook.
Icing: Melt 1 stick margarine, 2 oz unsweetened chocolate, 2/3 c evaporated milk and 1 c sugar in the double boiler. Stir occasionally while brownies bake. When brownies are done baking, remove from oven and pour 2/3 to 1 bag of mini marshmallow over top of brownies.
Add 1 box powdered sugar to the choc icing and continue to stir and cook over double boiler until all the powdered sugar has been melted and the icing is smooth.
Remove upper pan from double boiler, dry off bottom so it does not drip onto brownies and pour icing over top of marshmallows. Let cool. Cover and let stand overnight to set icing. Freezes well.
If you don't have the unsweetened choc squares, you can use Hershey's Cocoa Powder instead of the squares.
QUESTION: Can you somehow ALTER this recipe and make it healthier (yet still a good dessert)?
Drain/rinse the beans & after rinsing, place back in can. Fill the bean can with water, dump water/beans in a blender and blend for up to 1 minute. Make sure the mixture is well blended and mix with dry brownie mix in a mixing bowl. Mix well, as usual. Do not put in any eggs, oil or extra water besides the water mentioned before. Bake as directed on the box, and make sure to let them cool.
I have tried this about 5 times, and each time, people can NEVER tell that they're not normal, full fat brownies. They give you an extra boost of fiber and protein. Try it, I know you'll like it!
WOW! I have never heard of black beans….That is so interesting. I will have to try that!
Every time I open your blog page your pictures jump out at me.
I had to comment today because those brownies sound sooo good. I don't normally healthify dessert recipes so I have no tips. I guess its a good thing I don't bake a ton, huh?
Here is a recipe that will give you some ideas – vegan dbl chocolate brownies.


text:
Growing Agriculture Together
brought to you by central valley ag
CVA in the Classroom
WHAT IS AGRONOMY?
WHAT IS ENERGY?
WHAT IS FEED?
WHAT IS GRAIN?
WHAT IS SAFETY?
Better Together | The History of Co-ops and Why They Still Work Today
on October 19, 2021 October 19, 2021 By growingagriculturetogether
More than 200 years ago, the first cooperative was formed in the United States by Benjamin Franklin and it still operates today. While cooperatives are often most closely identified with agriculture, they work effectively to meet people's needs in all sectors of life – many of which you might not realize affect you every day.
Over 100 million Americans own and control more than 47,000 cooperative businesses that provide goods and services in every economic sector. From the outside, cooperatives may look like any other business. But inside, they are very different. A cooperative, also known as a co-op, is owned and controlled by the people closest to the business – the people who do the business – not distant shareholders.
Co-ops range from small to large companies, and they help people do what they couldn't do on their own, or what they realized they could do better together. And that remains true today.
FARM COOPERATIVES
Farmer-owned cooperatives are still the economic backbone of many rural communities across the nation. However, the changing landscape of farmer-owned co-ops is on trend with production farms. The Arthur Capper Cooperative Center reported that Kansas headquartered cooperatives have fallen from 365 in the 1950s to 62 in 2021. In 1976, there were approximately 284 Nebraska cooperatives. Today there are closer to 35 farmer-owned cooperatives continuing to do business in Nebraska.
Several reasons impact this trend, but two primary factors include the changing demographics on the farm and transportation logistics. There are fewer farmers today and their production facilities are more diversified and much larger. Co-ops have had to respond to those needs, but also expand their size and scope to meet the needs of the industry.
"Even though there has been a dramatic reduction in the number of farmer-owned cooperatives in Nebraska, there remains approximately 64,000 voting members of co-ops and farmer-owned cooperatives have locations in 401 Nebraska communities," said Rocky Weber, president of the Nebraska Co-op Council.
While fewer, co-ops continue to offer the goods and services needed to serve the 21st century farmer – who also farms more land, but are fewer in number.
CO-OP ADVANTAGE
When a co-op is profitable, dollars are returned back to farmer-owners in two ways, the first is through cash patronage. This is a direct return back to producers based on the amount of business they have done with the co-op. Those dollars stay local, to be reinvested back into the community. In addition to cash patronage, the co-op may have earnings that are earmarked for later distributions. In the short-term, these equity dollars are an investment by members in the co-op and can be used by the co-op to make capital improvements, which further grow the business or might make the co-op more efficient. In turn, the additional efficiencies generate more profits that go back to the producer.
Brandi Miller, president of the Kansas Co-op Council said, "The cooperative structure allows producers to really benefit from supporting their own business, and the economies of scale allow producers access to resources that they may not have on their own."
A CO-OP'S HISTORY
Staying on trend with farming operations, CVA Co-op has grown in size in order to continue to provide value to its member-owners.
2014: Central Valley Ag merged with United Farmers Co-op
2017: Central Valley Ag merged with Farmway Co-op
Central Valley Ag was formed when these three merged: Central Farmers, Agland Co-op, and Tri Valley Co-op in 2003
United Farmers Co-op was formed when these three merged: York Co-op, United Co-op, and Shelby Co-op in 2002.
Farmway Co-op was first formed in 1911.
Learn more about cooperatives by visiting the What is a Co-op? page.
Published by growingagriculturetogether
Growing Agriculture Together is a multi-platform campaign put together by the Central Valley Ag marketing team. Our goal is to help educate future and current producers, consumers, and employees about the agricultural industry and the benefits of the cooperative system.
Taggedagriculture, co-ops, cooperatives
Previous Celebrating Launch Week at CVA
Next Life on the Farm
Learn more about cooperatives, grain, energy, agronomy, and feed by exploring our website. Use the search bar above to find what you are looking for.


text:
La Nueva gramática de la lengua española (NGLE) es una gramática del idioma español elaborada por la Real Academia Española (RAE) y la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (ASALE). La NGLE es la gramática sancionada por la RAE más reciente desde la edición de 1931 de la Gramática de la lengua española (GRAE).

Historia

Su publicación sucedió a otras dos obras académicas cuyo objetivo era actualizar la edición de 1931 de la GRAE: el Esbozo de una nueva gramática de la lengua española (1973), preparado por Salvador Fernández Ramírez y Samuel Gili Gaya, y la Gramática española (1994) de Emilio Alarcos Llorach.

Durante el XI Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española de 1998, la Academia Chilena de la Lengua presentó una iniciativa para retomar el proyecto de una gramática académica nueva , esta vez redactada bajo la colaboración de las distintas academias de la lengua española. La propuesta fue aceptada y para tales efectos se designó a Ignacio Bosque como ponente de la obra; más tarde, se le sumó José Manuel Blecua Perdices como encargado de la sección de fonética y fonología. En 2002, se estipularon las directrices del proyecto y la creación de un comisión interacadémica para su redacción, a cargo de Guillermo Rojo. Finalmente, las academias aprobaron el texto de la NGLE durante el XIII Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española de 2007, celebrado en la ciudad de Medellín.

En 2009 aparecieron los primeros dos volúmenes (dedicados a la morfología y sintaxis) bajo la editorial Espasa. A estos les siguieron dos versiones abreviadas: el Manual de la NGLE (2010) y la Nueva gramática básica de la lengua española (2011), esta última enfocada a un público general. En 2013 apareció el volumen final dedicado a la fonética y fonología.

Alcance y contenidos

Según la RAE, los objetivos de la NGLE son "describir las construcciones gramaticales propias del español general, así como reflejar adecuadamente las variantes fónicas, morfológicas y sintácticas; ofrecer recomendaciones de carácter normativo, y ser obra de referencia para el conocimiento y la enseñanza de la lengua española." A su vez, se presenta a la NGLE como una obra colectiva, panhispánica, descriptiva, normativa, sintética y práctica. Otra de las novedades de la NGLE frente a sus antecedentes editoriales es la inclusión de ejemplos tomados de un corpus amplio y genéricamente diverso de textos en lengua española.

Véase también
 Gramática del español
 Real Academia Española
 Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española
 Panhispanismo

Notas

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Nueva gramática de la lengua española - Real Academia Española
 Consulta en línea de la Nueva gramática de la lengua española (versión beta)

Libros de gramática del español
Publicaciones de la Real Academia Española


text:
namespace prz {
namespace mdl {

enum class EDirection {
    Forward,
    Left,
    Right,
    Back,
    ForwardLeft,
    ForwardRight,
    BackLeft,
    BackRight
};

class ZDirection final {
public:
    static const ZDirection kForward;
    static const ZDirection kLeft;
    static const ZDirection kRight;
    static const ZDirection kBack;

    ZDirection();
    ZDirection(EDirection direction);

    EDirection GetDirection() const;

    ZDirection& Turn(EDirection direction);
    ZDirection TurnCopy(EDirection direction) const;

    ZPositionDiff PredictMove() const;
    void Align(const ZPositionDiff& diff);

private:
    static int GetAngleFromDiff(const ZPositionDiff& diff);
    static ZPositionDiff GetPositionDiff(int angle);

    void Turn(int angle);

    int mAngle;
};

}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
More info on Ukrainian Premier League
Ukrainian Premier League: Map
Categories: Ukrainian Premier League | Football competitions in Ukraine | National football (soccer) premier leagues
Top rankings for Ukrainian Premier League
35th Top professional sports leagues
The Ukrainian Premier League ( , Premier-Liga) is the highest division of Ukrainian annual football championship. The league was founded in 1991 after the fold of the Soviet Union 's Vysshaya Liga.
2007-08 was the league's 17th season. Up until now the league was subsidized by the government and from the economical point of view was not a profitable organization. To fix that issue the League tried to attract few sponsors since 2007 season: Soyuz-Viktan(2007) and Biola[a](2008). On April 15, 2008 the new Premier-League was formed. The main sponsor of the League became the national network of the construction supermarkets EpiCentre. The new organization is a completely independent entity and consists of 16 football club organizations under the guidance of the Football Federation of Ukraine.
The format of the League will stay the same. The changes that were made are exclusively administrative. The teams that reach the top of the competition table at the end of a season, will gain a chance to represent Ukraine internationally in several prestigious tournaments. Also at the end of the season, the bottom two clubs are relegated to the Persha Liha and replaced by the two top clubs from that league.
As of 2008, FC Shakhtar Donetsk is the reigning Ukrainian Premier League champion. SC Tavriya Simferopol won the first championship, and all subsequent titles have gone to either Dynamo or FC Shakhtar Donetsk. Only 5 teams, Dynamo, Shakhtar, FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, Tavria, and Metalurh Zaporizhia have participated in all 16 Ukrainian Vyscha Liha competitions.
The league cooperates with the Professional Football League (PFL) of Ukraine which governs the lower divisions. The PFL is an association that represents 67 Ukrainian professional football clubs, which are represented by 78 teams (a few clubs have more than one team, which play in different divisions). The professional league was organized in 1996 and until 2008 was responsible for the competitions at the Top division as well. Before that, Vyscha Liha was governed solely and directly by the Football Federation of Ukraine.
Biola is the general sposor of Dnipro.
The first decade (1992-2000)
The independent championship has taken place hastily at the start of the spring of 1992 after creation of the Ukrainian Vyscha Liha. The League was created out of the six teams that took part in the Soviet Top League, two teams - the Soviet First League, and nine out of eleven out of the Soviet Second League. The other two of that eleven were placed in the Ukrainian Persha Liha as they were to be relegated no matter what. Also the two best teams of the Soviet Second League B of the Ukrainian Zone were placed in the Vyscha Liha along with the winner of the 1991 Ukrainian Cup holder that placed ninth in the same group. The 20 participants were split in two groups with winners playing for the champion title and runners-up for the third place. Three teams from each group were to be relegated. As was expected, the five favorites, Dynamo Kyiv, Shakhtar Donetsk, Chornomorets Odessa, Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, and Metalist Kharkiv placed at the top of each group. In the championship play-off game in Lviv , a sensation took place as the Tavriya Simferopol beat Dynamo Kyiv 1-0. The Creamians earned the first Ukrainian title (thus far the only), loosing only once to FC Temp Shepetivka.
After being stunned in the first championship by the tragedy in Lviv, Dynamo Kyiv was anxious to earn its first title on the second go. In the second championship that had a regular League format of 16 teams, the main rival of Kyivians was Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk which won the first half of the season. By the end of the season both teams were going shoulder to shoulder and at the end they finished with the same amount of earned points. The champion title was awarded to Dynamo Kyiv as they had better goal difference. Neither the Golden match or the fact that Dnipro had better head-to-head record was considered.
The next seven years were known as the total hegemony of Dynamo Kyiv. During this period the Soviet stereotypes has changed as some of the best teams were going into a crisis. After the 1993-94 season suddenly Metalist Kharkiv was relegated to the Persha Liha. In the 1995-96 season Shakhtar Donetsk had its the worst year in the club's history, placing the tenth. Chornomorets Odessa relegated twice during that first decade after which Leonid Buriak was let go. Also couple of newly created teams have emerged such as Arsenal Kyiv and Metalurh Donetsk and, in addition, FC Vorskla Poltava has astonished everyone placing the third in the first club's season at the Top Level in 1997.
The decade of Kyiv–Donetsk stand-off (2001–2010). The Ukrainian derby
The next decade was marked by fierce competition between Dynamo Kyiv and Shakhtar Donetsk. Since 2000, Donetsk club proved to be the real challengers to Kiev's dominance. In 2000 Shakhtar earned their first qualification to the Champions League earning its place in the Group stage. Nonetheless, Dynamo is still considered to be the benchmark of excellence in the country and the primary feeder to the Ukrainian national football team. 2002 became the real cornerstone in the miners history when they earned their first national title under the management of the newly appointed Italian specialist, Nevio Scala, who managed to bring the Donetsk club to its next Ukrainian Cup title as well. Since that time the issue of foreign players became particularly acute and brought a series of court cases (see Players section). The FFU and PFL worked together to solve that issue, coming with the plan to force the transitional limitation of the foreign players over the time.
The clubs such as Dnipro and Chornomorets recent contenders for the title had to put up a fierce competition against the newly established contenders Metalurh from Donetsk and Metalist from Kharkiv to qualify for the European competitions. Especially brightly recommended itself FC Metalist Kharkiv which in the late 2000s consistently was placing right behind Dynamo and Shakhtar. The remarkable was their participation in their 2009 European season when they had to contest against Dynamo Kyiv to earn their advancement to the quarter-finals of the UEFA Cup 2009. Later that UEFA Cup edition was won for the first time by the Shakhtar Donetsk, the first club of the independent Ukraine.
On the political side of the League it split since the moment it was created in regards of its president. The dispute went as far as even canceling the XIII round of 2009-2010 season and moving it to the spring half, while having the XIV round still playing in the fall. The representatives of five clubs: Arsenal, Dynamo, Dnipro, Kryvbas, and Metalist have been boycotting most of the League meetings and not complying with its financial obligations. They justify their actions because of what they see to be as the illegal elections of the League's president. The representatives of the above mentioned clubs do not recognize Danilov as the president and believe that the elections should have been won by Vadym Rabynovych.
Clubs play each other twice (once at home and once away) to make up the 30-match season. The league begins in mid-July and ends in mid-June. After 15 rounds of fixtures, there is a winter break that lasts for three months (from early December to early March). Thus, the winter break is significantly longer than the interval between seasons. Such organization accounts for climatic conditions and matches that of most European leagues in terms of the beginning and the end of the season.
The first season of the League in 1992 was exceptional as it lasted for only half a year. This was because the last Soviet league season ended in autumn of 1991, and the Football Federation of Ukraine decided to shift the calendar from "spring-fall" to "fall-spring" football seasons. In the premiere season, 20 clubs were divided into two 10-team groups. In both groups, each club played each other twice, and the championship was decided by a play-off match between the group winners, in which Tavriya surprised the pre-season favorite Dynamo.
After the first season, in each of the following seasons each team played each other team in the League twice. The number of participating teams fluctuated between 14 and 18, stabilizing for the last five seasons at 16.
As of the 2005-06 season, the golden match rule was introduced. According to the rule, if the first two teams obtain the same number of points, the championship is to be decided by an additional "golden" match between the two teams. In fact, in that season Dynamo and Shakhtar had earned the same number of points and Shakhtar won the championship by winning the golden match (2:1 after extra time).
Prior to 2000, only a handful foreign players represented Ukrainian clubs, and even those players were mostly from countries that were once a part of the Soviet Union . However, in 2000-01, the number of foreign players participating in the Vyscha Liha had tallied more than 30 players and by 2003-04 season, the figure had increased to 37% of the league's players. Only 2 players from Ukraine's domestic leagues competed in the 2002 FIFA World Cup in Korea and Japan , while at the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the Vyscha Liha was the 6th-most represented league with 25 players in the competition, including 17 of the 23 players in Ukraine's squad.
As a result of this increase in foreign-born players, clubs in the Vyscha Liha are allowed to field no more than seven foreigners at one time from this season and this limit is expected to be lowered to six foreigners. In addition, clubs are subject to a $15,000 fine upon acquiring a foreign player. One of the biggest proponents of the foreigner limit was the ex-national team coach Oleg Blokhin (2003-2007), who threatened to quit the national team if the limit was not made stricter.
The clubs mainly affected by this rule include the few clubs that participate annually in European competitions. They argue that the foreigner limit is detrimental to the development of Ukrainian football in general. However, as a result of this limit, these clubs have had to increase their efforts finding and training Ukrainian talent that is good enough to represent these teams.
The foreigner limit itself has also been recently contested by several cases, but primarily by one filed by a Georgian national Georgi Demetradze, who argued that the limit impeded on his working rights and is illegal under the Ukrainian constitution. The courts however argued that no case exists, such that players are not guaranteed first-team football, and subsequently the limit is not considered a violation of trade.
Vitaliy Danylov May 27, 2008 - July 1, 2009 (temporary acting president)
Vitaliy Danylov July 1, 2009 - present
General director: Maksym Bondarev
Sport director: Serhiy Mokhnyk
Commercial director: Vadym Halahan
The following list is of the official sponsors of the League, unless otherwise noted.
Chernihivske 2008 - 2009
MorskiE (TV sposor) 2008 - 2009
Umbro (technical partner) 2008 - present
Sport-Express (in Ukraine) (media partner) 2008 - present
Dalnie ostrova 2009 - present
Futbol (official TV sposor) 2009 - 2011
Obolon 2009 - present
Inter + (TV partner) 2008 - present (for international broadcasting)
football.ua (Internet sposor) 2009 - present (part of the Ukrainian media holding)
Ukrainian Premier League 2009–10
Map shows the locations of Ukrainian Premier League 2009–10 teams.
In the 2009–10 season, the Ukrainian Premier League consisted of the following teams:
Arsenal Kyiv
Chornomorets Odessa
Illichivets Mariupol
Karpaty Lviv
Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih
Obolon Kyiv
Metalurh Zaporizhzhya
Tavriya Simferopol
Vorskla Poltava
Zakarpattia Uzhhorod
Zorya Luhansk
FC Kharkiv and FC Lviv, the two least successful teams in the league in 2008-09, were relegated to the Ukrainian First League. Zakarpattia Uzhhorod and Obolon Kyiv were promoted to take their place.
Free-to-air live matches from the Ukrainian Premier League will be broadcast on Saturdays and Sundays on satellite channel Inter+ (Sirius 5E).
UEFA Ranking
Club Seeding
UEFA Club Ranking for club seeding in 2009–10 European football season.
15 (16) Shakhtar Donetsk 69.710
40 (41) Dynamo Kyiv 41.710
73 (87) Metalist Kharkiv 25.210
112 (87) Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk 14.710
134 (147) Metalurh Donetsk 11.210
157 (New) Vorskla Poltava 9.210
159 (152) Metalurh Zaporizhzhya 8.630
Note: Since 1999 country index (coefficient) indicates the lowest possible value for any team of that country to qualify for ranking. Currently it's no less than 7.350 for Ukraine.Teams in italics have either been eliminated or will not be participating in the 2009–10 European football season.Last Updated: October 22, 2009.
UEFA Country Ranking for league participation in 2009-10 European football season
4 (4) German League 50.707
5 (5) French League 42.906
6 (6) Russian League 39.625
7 (7) Ukrainian League 37.550
8 (9) Romanian League 37.158
9 (8) Dutch League 30.713
10 (10) Portuguese League 30.629
Last Updated: September 26, 2009.
Champions and top goalscorers
3rd Position
Top Goalscorer
2008-09 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Metalist Kharkiv Oleksandr Kovpak (Tavriya Simferopol 17 goals) 7/53
2007-08 Shakhtar Donetsk Dynamo Kyiv Metalist Kharkiv Marko Dević (Metalist Kharkiv 19 goals) 12/53
2006-07 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Metalist Kharkiv Oleksandr Hladky (FC Kharkiv 13 goals) 11/52
2005-06 Shakhtar Donetsk Dynamo Kyiv Chornomorets Odessa Brandão (Shakhtar Donetsk, 15 goals)
Emmanuel Okoduwa (Arsenal Kyiv, 15 goals)
2004-05 Shakhtar Donetsk Dynamo Kyiv Metalurh Donetsk Oleksandr Kosyrin (Chornomorets Odessa, 14 goals) 15/52
2003-04 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Georgi Demetradze (Metalurh Donetsk, 18 goals) 14/52
2002-03 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Metalurh Donetsk Maksim Shatskikh (Dynamo Kyiv, 22 goals) 14/52
2001-02 Shakhtar Donetsk Dynamo Kyiv Metalurh Donetsk Serhiy Shyschenko (Metalurh Donetsk, 12 goals) 13/51
2000-01 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Andriy Vorobei (Shakhtar Donetsk, 21 goals) 13/51
1999-00 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih Maksim Shatskikh (Dynamo Kyiv, 20 goals) 12/50
1998-99 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih Andriy Shevchenko (Dynamo Kyiv, 18 goals) 15/50
1997-98 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Karpaty Lviv Serhiy Rebrov (Dynamo Kyiv, 22 goals) 17/49
1996-97 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Vorskla Poltava Oleh Matveyev (Shakhtar Donetsk, 21 goals) 22/48
1995-96 Dynamo Kyiv Chornomorets Odessa Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Timerlan Huseinov (Chornomorets Odessa, 20 goals) 19/48
1994-95 Dynamo Kyiv Chornomorets Odessa Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Arsen Avakov (Torpedo Zaporizhzhya, 21 goals) 24/47
1993-94 Dynamo Kyiv Shakhtar Donetsk Chornomorets Odessa Timerlan Huseinov (Chornomorets Odessa, 18 goals) 24/44
1992-93 Dynamo Kyiv Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Chornomorets Odessa Serhiy Husyev (Chornomorets Odessa, 17 goals) 28/39
1992 Tavriya Simferopol Dynamo Kyiv Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Yuri Hudymenko (Tavriya Simferopol, 12 goals) N/A
Note: the Rank column shows the ranking of the league amongst members of UEFA.
Note: in bold are the winners that also won the Ukrainian Cup, in italic are the other champions of the Cup competition.
Performance by club
Seasons Won
Dynamo Kyiv 13 5 0 1992-93, 1993-94, 1994-95, 1995-96, 1996-97, 1997-98, 1998-99, 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03, 2003-04, 2006-07, 2008-09
Shakhtar Donetsk 4 10 0 2001-02, 2004-05, 2005-06, 2007-08
Tavriya Simferopol 1 0 0 1992
Chornomorets Odessa 0 2 3
Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk 0 1 5
Metalist Kharkiv 0 0 3
Metalurh Donetsk 0 0 3
Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih 0 0 2
Vorskla Poltava 0 0 1
Karpaty Lviv 0 0 1
Honored Teams
In European Football teams are especially honored for winning multiple league titles, after 10 league titles a representative star is placed above the teams badge to indicate 10 league titles. Dynamo Kyiv became the first Ukrainian team to achieve this prestigious honor of winning the Soviet league for the 10th time in 1981. Dynamo Kyiv once entered the Ukrainian championship has established to become the same leader as during the Soviet times earning its 20th national title at the top level in 1999. No other club in Ukraine came close to such honor as of yet. Only four other clubs has ever been the national champions: Shakhtar Donetsk (4), Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk (2), and once Zorya Luhansk and Tavriya Simferopol.
The current (as of December 2008) officially-sanctioned the Premier League stars are:
Dynamo Kyiv (25, received in 1999).
All-time Vyscha Liha scorers
Player Games Goals
1 Serhiy Rebrov 261 123
2 Maksim Shatskikh 214 97
3 Oleksandr Haidash 259 95
4 Andriy Vorobei 265 92
5 Serhiy Mizin 344 90
6 Timerlan Huseinov 215 85
7 Oleksandr Kosyrin 224 84
8 Oleh Matveyev 213 81
9 Oleksandr Palyanytsia 260 79
9 Valentyn Poltavets 322 77
Data through 2008-09 season.
Active Vyscha Liha scorers
3 Serhiy Zakarlyuka 320 70
4 Andriy Shevchenko 117 60
5 Oleksiy Byelik 162 55
6 Vasil Gigiadze 184 54
= Vasyl Sachko 198 54
8 Serhiy Shyschenko 353 53
9 Oleksandr Rykun 270 47
10 Oleksandr Melashchenko 220 46
Ex-Shakhtar Donetsk and Dynamo Kyiv striker Serhiy Rebrov holds the record for most UPL goals with 123, despite winning the top single season scorer title only once.
Since the first UPL season in 1992, 17 different players have won or shared the top scorer's title. No player has won the title in consecutive seasons and only two players have won the title more than once, Timerlan Huseinov and Maksim Shatskikh. Serhiy Rebrov and Maksim Shatskikh hold the record for most goals in a season (22) and are the only two players to score at least 20 goals twice. The most prolific single season scorers are Ivan Hetsko and Andriy Vorobei, respectively attaining 0.59 and 0.88 goals per game.
Dynamo Kyiv and Shakhtar Donetsk are the only teams to have scored 1,000 goals in the UPL having achieved the feat in the 2006–07 season and 2007-08 season, respectively.
Notable foreign players
In italic are the players that were born in Ukraine , but chose to represent other countries.
Debatik Curri
Armend Dallku
Elvin Beqiri
Ara Hakobyan
Arman Karamyan
Artavazd Karamyan
Yegishe Melikyan
Samir Aliyev
Tarlan Akhmedov
Mahmud Gurbanov
Valiantsin Bialkevich
Artem Chelyadzinsky
Aliaksandr Danilow
Siargei Karnilenka
Vladzimir Karytska
Nikolai Kasheusky
Aliaksandr Khatskevich
Pavel Kirilchik
William Batista
Corrêa
Edmar
Elano
Jádson
Matuzalem
Anderson Ribeiro
Diogo Rincón
Velizar Dimitrov
Predrag Pažin
Georgi Peev
Abdoulaye Djire
Venance Zézé
Constantinos Makrides
Mladen Bartulović
Jerko Leko
Ivica Pirić
Stipe Pletikosa
Goran Sablić
Darijo Srna
Tomáš Hübschman
Shalva Apkhazava
Malkhaz Asatiani
Georgi Demetradze
Vasil Gigiadze
Lasha Jakobia
Gocha Jamarauli
Jaba Kankava
Dato Kvirkvelia
Irakli Modebadze
Māris Verpakovskis
Mindaugas Kalonas
Saulius Mikoliūnas
Serghei Lascencov
Badr El Kaddouri
/ Sendley Sidney Bito
Julius Aghahowa
Tony Alegbe
Michael Chidi Alozi
Samson Godwin
Lucky Idahor
Emmanuel Okoduwa
Isaac Okoronkwo
Harrison Omoko
Ayila Yussuf
Paolo de la Haza
Andrés Mendoza
Seweryn Gancarczyk
Mariusz Lewandowski
Maciej Nalepa
Marian Aliuţă
Florin Cernat
Daniel Florea
Tiberiu Ghioane
Ciprian Marica
Răzvan Raţ
Andrei Fedkov
Rolan Gusev
Andrei Karyaka
Yuri Nikiforov
Gennadiy Nizhegorodov
Viktor Onopko
Oleg Salenko
Sergey Samodin
Ilia Tsymbalar
Papa Gueye
Assane N'Diaye
Marko Dević
Vladimir Dišljenković
Igor Duljaj
Goran Gavrančić
Jovan Markoski
Miloš Ninković
Milan Obradović
Aleksandar Trišović
Zvonimir Vukić
Arsen Avakov
Tolga Seyhan
/ Erol Bulut
Vitaliy Denisov
Maksim Shatskikh
Notable foreign coaches
Oleh Kononov
Jos Daerden
Nikolay Kostov
Bernd Stange
Bernd Schuster
Nevio Scala
Jannis Skredelis
Wim Vrosch
Ton Kaanen
Mircea Lucescu
Vitaliy Shevchenko
Yuri Semin
Anatoly Byshovets
Oleg Dolmatov
Vladimir Salkov
Ivan Golac
Ángel Alonso
Top 10 managers
Managers in bold are active. † - Managers that have past away. Updated through 2008/2009 season.
Club(s)
1 Valery Lobanovsky† FC Dynamo Kyiv 28 5 1 -
2 Mircea Lucescu FC Shakhtar Donetsk 21 3 2 -
3 Yozhef Sabo FC Dynamo Kyiv 13 2 1 -
4 Valery Yaremchenko FC Shakhtar Donetsk 12 - 4 -
5 Oleksiy Mykhailychenko FC Dynamo Kyiv 10 2 - -
6 Mykola Pavlov FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk
7 Anatoliy Demyanenko FC Dynamo Kyiv 8 1 1 -
= Yuri Semin FC Dynamo Kyiv 8 1 1 -
= Viktor Prokopenko† FC Chornomorets Odessa
10 Leonid Buriak FC Chornomorets Odessa 6 - 2 -
This rating is of the best managers in the League since its foundation in 1991. It is based on the following factors:
1st place - 5 points,
2nd place - 3 points,
3rd place - 1 point.
There are over 20 managers who brought their teams to the top of the League over its history.
Other notable coaches are Mykhailo Fomenko (Dynamo) - a gold medal, Anatoliy Zayaev(Tavriya) - a gold medal, Nevio Scala (Shakhtar) - a gold medal, and Myron Markevych (Karpaty \1\, Metalist \3\) - four bronze medals.
Mykhailychenko became the club manager at the end of the season for only five (5) games.
Therefore the silver really belongs to Lobanovsky who lead the first team in 21 games of the 2001-02 season.
Lucescu became the club manager at the end of the season for only five (5) games.
Therefore the silver really belongs to Schuster who lead the first team in 23 games in the 2003-04 season.
All-time participants
The table lists the place each team took in each of the seasons. All figures are correct through the 2008-09 season.For the all-time table click here. Teams marked pink are no longer members of PFL, in green are member of the Premier League.
Teams 20 16 18 18 18 16 16 16 16 14 14 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
Arsenal Kyiv 4 11 10 7 10 6 12 5 9 9 12 14 6 11 V
Borysfen Boryspil 7 16
Bukovyna Chernivtsi 10 12 17
Chornomorets Odessa 5 3 3 2 2 7 15 15 8 5 6 3 6 7 10 V
Dynamo Kyiv 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 V
Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk 3 2 4 3 3 4 4 12 11 3 6 4 3 4 6 4 4 6 V
Illychivets Mariupol 14 5 8 4 10 10 8 5 4 15 14 V
Karpaty Lviv 13 6 5 8 8 5 3 4 9 10 8 7 15 8 10 9 V
FC Kharkiv 13 12 14 16
Kremin Kremenchuk 14 9 15 10 9 15
Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih 8 6 6 14 12 8 3 3 11 9 12 10 13 14 10 13 12 V
FC Lviv 15
Metalist Kharkiv 6 5 18 6 5 9 5 16 11 5 3 3 3 V
Metalurh Donetsk 7 14 7 5 3 3 4 3 9 9 12 4 V
Metalurh Zaporizhzhya 11 7 16 9 5 8 9 8 6 8 4 15 11 10 8 7 9 7 V
Naftovyk-Ukrnafta Okhtyrka 16 15
Nyva Ternopil 7 14 7 12 13 9 6 13 12 14
Nyva Vinnytsia 15 10 14 15 16
Obolon Kyiv 14 6 15 V
Oleksandria 13 13
Prykarpattya Ivano-Frankivsk 17 11 11 13 13 15 14
SC Mykolaiv 18 13 16 16
SCA Odessa 20
Shakhtar Donetsk 4 4 2 4 10 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 V
Stal Alchevsk 13 11 16
Tavriya Simferopol 1 10 8 5 12 6 12 9 13 7 7 9 12 7 7 5 5 8 V
Temp Shepetivka 19 9 17
Torpedo Zaporizhzhya 8 13 13 7 7 14 16
Veres Rivne 16 11 18
Volyn Lutsk 9 11 12 15 17 6 13 8 15
Vorskla Poltava 3 5 10 4 12 11 11 14 14 10 13 8 5 V
Zakarpattia Uzhhorod 14 12 16 16 V
Zirka Kirovohrad 6 10 11 11 16 16
Zorya Luhansk 12 15 14 16 18 11 11 13 V
1 NSC Olimpiysky 83,450 None at the moment Currently undergoing renovations in preparation for Euro 2012.
Dynamo Kyiv plays its major European matches on this ground, and usually it is the annual venue for the Ukrainian Cup final
2 Donbas Arena 50,000 Shakhtar Donetsk
3 Metalist Stadium 42,000 Metalist Kharkiv While upgrades are taking place, max capacity is at 22,757 (planned capacity is 42,000+)
4 Tsentralnyi-Chornomorets Stadium 34,362 Chornomorets Odessa Currently undergoing renovations in preparation for Euro 2012
5 Shakhtar Stadium 31,718 Metalurh Donetsk Loaned to Metalurh by Shakhtar for the European competitions.
6 Dnipro Stadium 31,003 Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Moved from the old arena . Inauguration's on September 14, 2008.
7 Metalurh Stadium 29,734 Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih
8 Ukraina Stadium 27,925 Karpaty Lviv
FC Lviv
Plans to upgrade to ~40,000 seats in prep for Euro 2012
9 RSK Olimpiyskiy 26,100 Shakhtar Donetsk Moving to new UEFA 5-star 50,000-seat venue in 2009
10 Yuvileiny Stadium 25,800 Kharkiv FC Kharkiv are currently leasing this stadium
11 Vorskla Stadium 24,795 Vorskla Poltava
12 Stadium Meteor 24,381 Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk Moving to new 31,003-seat arena . Inauguration's on September 14, 2008.
13 Avanhard Stadium 22,288 Zorya Luhansk
14 Lokomotiv Stadium 19,978 Tavriya Simferopol
15 Lobanovsky Dynamo Stadium 16,873 Dynamo Kyiv
Arsenal Kyiv is temporarily playing at this stadium
16 Illychivets Stadium 12,460 Illychivets Mariupol
17 Slavutych Arena 11,756 Metalurh Zaporizhia
18 Metalurh Stadium 5,094 Metalurh Donetsk
19 Obolon Stadium 4,300 Arsenal Kyiv Loaned to Arsenal Kyiv by Obolon
20 Knyazha Arena 3,500 FC Lviv FC Lviv's home ground in Dobromyl
21 Bannikov Stadium 1,678 Arsenal Kyiv Arsenal Kyiv is temporarily playing at this stadium
League attendance
All attendance figures are correct through 08/09 season.
Att Per Match
Total Att
Highest Att By Team (Att By Team)
Highest Home Att By Team (Att By Team)
1992 5,650 1,028,270 Dynamo Kyiv (8,630) Nyva Ternopil (11,133)
1992-93 5,835 1,400,480 Dynamo Kyiv (7,682) Nyva Ternopil (10,725)
1993-94 5,887 1,801,520 Dynamo Kyiv (8,674) Veres Rivne (11,059)
1994-95 5,557 1,694,980 Dynamo Kyiv (8,009) SC Mykolaiv (9,600)
1995-96 5,878 1,787,050 Dynamo Kyiv (8,924) Zirka Kirovohrad (12,324)
1996-97 6,332 791,550 Vorskla Poltava (9,703) Vorskla Poltava (12,300)
1997-98 5,879 1,405,050 Karpaty Lviv (9,937) Karpaty Lviv (13,767)
1998-99 7,588 1,821,100 Dynamo Kyiv (12,040) Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih (15,960)
1999-00 8,112 1,947,000 Shakhtar Donetsk (13,333) Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih (16,233)
2000-01 9,302 1,692,950 Shakhtar Donetsk (20,190) Shakhtar Donetsk (24,462)
2008-09 7,574 1,817,760 Shakhtar Donetsk (15,387) Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk (27,000)
Vyscha Liha Records
Commonwealth of Independent States Cup
Ukrainian Soviet competitions
Polish Football League 1927-1939
Ukrainian derby
Ukrainian Football Premier League- official site
Professional football league of Ukraine - official site
/ Football Federation of Ukraine - official site
Ukrainian Soccer Fan Club (ukrainiansoccer.net) - amateur's site
/ / Ukrainian Football - fans page
/ History of Ukrainian Football (ukrsoccerhistory.com) - amateur's site


Malena - Footscray,Victoria : Certified Spanish Teacher based in Melbourne inner west. I am a culture lover! With me you'll learn not only grammar, but also inmerse in the wonderful and rich Latin world.
I base my classes on what the student's goals and interest are. It's not the same to study for a short trip to South America than to prepare yourself for an exam in Madrid. I am adaptable to different desires. I like to include games in our lessons because you end up learning Spanish having a laugh and almost without noticing!
I am a psychologist who acquired a Certificate in teaching Spanish.
I was born in Argentina and I love sharing my culture with people from different backgrounds. Learning in a multicultural environment like Melbourne is super inspiring.
I have experience teaching to multicultural groups and also giving individual lessons for specific purposes.