With double-edged blade of gradual taper; inlaid on both sides in gold and silver with decorative patterns, one side bearing a gradually tapering geometric-architectural design in five stages and the other bearing a gradually tapering palmette design. The hilt comprising down-curved cross guard, sturdy tang and five-lobed pommel riveted to the upward-curving upper guard; the cross-guard, upper guard and pommel all inlaid in silver with decorative knotwork and tracery and in gold with dots.
This rare Viking sword, the hilt of Petersen Type O, has a cross-guard with decorative devices reminiscent of those on one of the three swords that were found in the rich ship burial of about 900 at Hedeby in Denmark when it was subsequently excavated in the 1950s. More of these 'rabbit ear' or 'knotted rope' characters may be found on three of the 'Hiltipreht' group of swords, namely one in the Wallace Collection, London (Inv. No. A456), the Ballinderry sword in the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin (Inv. No.1928.382) and the example from Malhus in the Trondheim Museum, Norway (Petersen, Abb.89).
Swords with sound reputations in battle and other fine qualities would be handed down from father to son and generation to generation. They could be looked upon as having a unique character and personality of their own and many were deemed to possess even magical qualities. The Norse Sagas record notable numbers of swords that were ancient heirlooms, either extracted from burial-mounds of dead warriors for further use or family weapons literally handed down for generations. Swords committed to the ground, sometimes for more than a century, would have required some degree of protection and may well have received a coating of animal fat before being wrapped in sheepskin, where the naturally occurring lanolin would protect against corrosion.
In Norse literature, especially in the vast body of Skaldic poetry, swords (as well as byrnies, axes and spears) are given striking and evocative names, called Kennings (meaning the name by which they were known, or "kenned"). Kennings such as: 'Byrnie-Biter', ''Leg-Biter', 'Viper', 'War Snake', 'Keen', 'Long and Sharp', 'Serpent of Blood', 'Odin's Flame', 'Widow Maker', 'Ice of Battle' are recorded. There were many reasons why a sword was named and therefore regarded as special. It could be the presence of a decorated hilt or of inlaid devices upon the blade, the excellent balance of the weapon in the hand or simply the sword's reputation as being sturdy, reliable and effective. The quality of our sword coupled with its fine decoration mean that we can be certain that during its active life it possessed these enhancing features and that it would undoubtedly have been named.
A sword of very similar form was found in a lake near Sørborg Castle, Denmark and is now preserved in the Nationalmuseet, Copenhagen. See I. Peirce 2002, pp.106-107. A further sword with pommel of 'cocked hat' form and inlaid with silver and copper in a closely related style is preserved in the Universitetets Oldsaksamling, Norway, accession C23127, see I. Peirce, op.cit, plate VII.
I wonder about the complete authenticity of both the silver-hilted guy with the horn grip, and the triangular decorated 'Finnish' sword with the Celtic Cross. The blade on the Cross sword looks real enough, but I've never seen inlay so close to the edge on such an early sword in Europe (not that I've seen many inlays). There also seems to be something funky about the horn grip itself, but I can't quite put my finger on it... maybe I'm off base here.
The majority of these look like fakes to me. I'm in the "not an expert" category but something just looks *off* about a lot of these swords.... The inlay on a few looks like it was done by the same person to me as well. I suppose the people at Bonham's and Peter Finer's know more than me, but some of these look rather amatuerish... And to see so many unique examples of viking swords all gathered together for sale at one time...doesn't this ring some alarm bells?
And to see so many unique examples of viking swords all gathered together for sale at one time...doesn't this ring some alarm bells?
These were not all in one place or at one time. They were never gathered together as one group. These items have been on the market and changing hands for 10-20 years.
The 21 images shown here have references cited ranging from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Wallace Collection, The Rothenburg Collection, Bonhams, Peter Finer, Sotheby's, Christie's, Herman HIstorica, etc.
How often do you find evidence of reddish rust on known genuine Viking or medieval swords? My natural feeling is to be suspicious. In this set of swords, #16 is a good example of what I am referring to.
One sword that is strongly suspicious to me is the Peter Finer sword #20. The lack of a fuller is highly atypical, and the general appearance of the blade feels off.
Also, would you Nathan, or anyone else, be willing to post a new topic on signs of artificial aging, preferably with high quality colour images? I don't know what to look for and I don't recall a forum thread on the subject.
I wish I knew the answer to this. It makes me wonder, too. Having said that, however, I remember quite a bit of reddish-brown color at the Wallace Collection. The sword in #8 is quite reddish brown and that has been confirmed by scientific study by Alan Williams as being from the Viking Age period.
It's also worth noting that many of these images might not represent the color one would see "in person" as the photography for many of them was just piss-poor. Photographs also tend to bring out artifacts that are otherwise more subtle in person.
Your question is a good one and I'd like the answer, too!
Really, that's part of the reason that this topic was posted. I made it to start the conversation on the subject. I mentioned that in the original post.
I'm not knowledgeable enough about the subject to make a new topic that shows specific dubious examples and specific reasoning for them being questionable. There's been some great discussion on these swords on our Facebook page that discusses such details. I posted this here to encourage the community here to discuss it and perhaps seed a topic like you're suggesting. Of course, people would need ot participate and add content for that to happen. We'll see.
So are viking swords, or swords from this era at least, any more or less likely to be fakes than swords from other eras?
I guess that more recent swords might have a better provenance, while older swords are more rare altogether. Perhaps there is a sort of confluence of factors that make these swords "fake-able." Too bad, I think some of these are really quite nice, though I have even less of an eye than the esteemed gentlemen speaking in this thread.
What are the little holes on either end of the cross on #8?
Please note that this topic did not say that the swords here are fakes. There are several shown that are 100% authentic. It said that there are some questions on some of them that I'm inviting others to discuss.
There are a lot of fakes for all eras, but math would dictate that the older items have a smaller number of extant samples and are likely to have a larger percentage of non-authentic pieces in the group than later examples.
There's a whole flood of "medieval" swords available for sale lately that are simply not real. There's been a ton of katana swords for decades that are not real. There's just as many "bronze age" swords and other items that are very clearly not real out there for sale. It's really a big problem.
No idea. Maybe somebody else knows?
--Some form of decorative insert or rivet that has since fallen or corroded out.
--Rivet holes for old-fashioned golden 'sandwich' layers? Like on a Migration Period sword?
--Someone at some museum drilled them to hang the sword up.
--(Vaguely serious, probably unrealistic) some form of religious symbol?
Nathan - Thank you for posting these.
The Wallace Collection Catalogue, Mann/Norman, 1962/1986 has this info in it. It mentions the holes but does not specify what they are.
POMMEL, formed of two layers, the upper divided into five lobes, the underside of the lower part is pierced with two holes; short straight QUILLONS, roughly square in section and rounded at the ends; small holes are sunk at either end similar to those under the pommel. The sides of the quillons are matted with fine close-set vertical incisions, possibly for taking a silver overlay. Incised on the forward face of the quillons are the letters HLI: Grip missing. The BLADE is broad, double-edged and has a shallow hollow along the middle on both sides nearly to the point, and bears traces of ornament or of an inscription, down the center.
De Beaumont Catalogue, Pl. V; Viollet-le-Duc V, 365; Boeheim 235-6; taking, European Armour II, 14-15, and Fig. 17, Oakeshott Archaeology of Weapons, 1960, pp.136 and 141.
This sword is one of a group of five with inscribed quillons, four of which were made the subject of a study by Dr. Adolph Mahr, Ein Wilkingerschwert mit deutschem Namen aus Irland in Mannus: Zeitschrift fur Vorgeschicte. VI. Erganzungband, 1928, pp. 240-52. The other four examples are: (2) in the University Museum at Oslo, from Melhus, Norway, signed HLITER; (3) and (4) in the National Museum of Ireland; one of which comes from the Kilmainham and Islandbrictge excavation and is signed HARTOL FR; the other was found in the crannog in Ballindeny Bog in 1928 and is inscribed HILTPREHT. Dr. Mahr refers to a fourth sword 'aus Frankreich' inscribed HLITR, but was unaware that it had long since passed into the Wallace Collection. His knowledge of its existence was derived from Petersen, De Norske Vikingesverd, 1919, pp. 109 -10, who followed Lorange (1889), who in his tum only knew of it from the illustration in Viollet-le-Duc, when it was in the Nieuwerkerke Collection; (5) a fifth sword of this group has been described by F. Morawe in Mannus XI, 1929, pp.292 ff. It is inscribed HIFIIF REHT HILTIP REFIT and was formerly in the Zeugha us at Berlin.
The first three letters HLI on one side of the quillon No. A456 am quite distinct the rest of the inscription, which may be as Mahr suggested similar to that on the Oslo sword is not clear. The sword belongs to the type classified by Petersen (op. cit) under Type K, of which he lists thirteen examples, and attributes them to the early 9th century (Laking, European Armour I, pp.14-15, 6Z placed number A456 much too late when he described it as 9th century). Sir Mortimer Wheeler, who refers to this form of sword as Type IV in his London Museum pamphlet London and the I Vikings, 1927 put the date between 850-950 A.D.
Mark, since that 14th century sword is off-topic to this particular topic, I will only comment to say that it was posted on Facebook a couple weeks ago and I've just added your additional information to it. Should you want to discuss this sword or others outside of the Viking Age samples I've put here, go ahead and make a new topic for it. it's a good one.


It's another cold and snowy day in Southern Ontario, but all is warm and cozy inside. We had a wood burning insert put into our fireplace back in September, and it has been wonderful. It's a good day for a fire, an olympic hockey game, (this from someone who ordinarily hates watching hockey), and making progress on one of the BOM's I'm doing. There are 4 of these basket blocks needed, and they are a bit of a challenge. The finished size of the block is 12 inches, and, since it is a five patch, which doesn't easily divide into 12, the measurements and sewing are tricky.
(Don't worry, Susan, we'll do this one when you are here this summer). So, I'm hoping to get the other 3 done today, and maybe sneak ahead into the next month. Nicole, Rebecca's Maid of Honour, is coming on Monday to get measured, so I have until then to play, before I have to get back into doing the dresses. Samantha hasn't been able to get over for a fitting yet, so I can't do anything more on the one that is almost done. I have cinnamon pastry coffee in my large thermos cup, Hillsong playing music, and my sewing machine calling my name, asking me to come back and play some more. I think I'l go play.
My daughter and I finally got out earlier this week and picked out the contrast fabric for the bridesmaids' dresses, so I can now get seriously to work on them. I have the first one to the point of needing a fitting. I really hope that it fits, and doesn't need any ripping. Quilts are so much easier. they don't have to fit exactly to curves, don't have to have zippers, (I remembered today why I hate putting in zippers), don't have to have boning............. sigh. But, I volunteered for this, and they will be really nice when they are done. It's just getting there. Why is it, that I will sit for hours and hand applique, but dislike sitting for hours hemming a dress by hand? It's the same activity, same stitches, same needle and thread. Hmmmm... doesn't make sense to me. But, now that I can't go any further on the dress, I can go play with a quilt, and reward myself for being such a good girl. Oh yeah, I have to get those swap blocks packaged up and sent off, so I'd better go and do that. I'll post a pic of the dress as soon as I find the cables that I need.
Found the cables. When all else fails, check the daughter's room, and there it was. She and I share the internet access on this computer, since our router quit working, and this one has a rogers stick. Most of the time it is OK to share with her, but there are times when things mysteriously vanish, and turn up in the black hole of her room. I can't complain too much, though, since my sewing room has a black hole of its own.
On my design wall is Cactus Rose, by Judy Niemeyer, and it's grown over the last week. I was able to take the cactus units with me to work on the weekend, and I spent my supper and coffee breaks de-papering, so they are all ready to go. I'm hoping to get the rest of it pieced today and tomorrow, and then it will be time to do the applique.
I'm not going to be able to get much quilting done this weekend, (sigh). Have to work at the hospital all weekend. But, the good news is, I can take the cactus units I have done with me, and use my breaks to de-paper. So I won't have to use sewing time at home to take out the paper. It will make the task a little less unpleasant to imagine that I'm getting paid to take it all out. Good thing the girls at work already know that I'm crazy, or they might doubt my sanity. I'm a good way towards having the swap blocks done, just have to piece geese units for 6 more blocks, and then I can put them together. So, I'm going to go play with fabric and thread before I have to go to work.
It's cold and snowy outside today. A perfect day to stay inside and do, wait for it............. more quilting and sewing. Yippee!!!! I have coffee, not flavoured though, I ran out, and that isn't enough incentive to go out in the cold and snow. Or, there are all kinds of teas that I got for Christmas, to keep me warm while I sew. There are places to visit, and people to talk to on the internet. Shannon, at The Pieceful Kwilter blog is hosting a spring block swap, that I've decided to participate in. I know, I know, I really don't need another project. But, it called my name, and I had to answer. It's to be the February block pattern from her BOM, all done in spring fabrics and colours, so it will be spring in my sewing room, if not outside. So, I think I will take a brief break from all that paper piecing, and play with some other fabric. I think I'm going to use the fabrics pictures here to do the blocks. The cream is to be the background, and the green is going in the same place as it is in my block here. The purple will be the star points, and the pink and yellow will be the rectangle under the star points. I'm going to fussy cut the seed packet fabric for the centre square of the block. All of the large cactus units are done, and are waiting to be de-papered. (yuck). I have my February block finished, and did one of the same pattern for a charity quilt, which has to go to the post office so that it can go back to it's organizer, when the weather clears. Life doesn't get much better. The one thing that could make this day absolutely perfect, would be to have Susan, my BFF, who lives in Edmonton, here to sew and chat with me. But, that's not going to happen. But, with this wonderful tool of the internet, I can chat with her, and keep in touch, and rejoice in our friendship. The music is on, currently playing Christian contemporary Michael W. Smith, and I can sing along to my heart's content. Yep, life is good. Thank you Lord.
Well, I'm making good progress on the "Cactus Star" quilt, by Judy Niemeyer. It had been sitting in my UFO pile for the past year, or so. I'm hoping to get it done, at least to the point of putting on the applique, before the winter is out.
OK, it's official. I can't deny it any longer. Someone needs to call the men in the white coats to come and take me away. This cactus rose quilt is beautiful. I love it. I love the colours, and the 4 coloured background, and the ring of points, and the cactus points, and the star in the centre. I do not love the paper. I wish there was another way to achieve the same effect, with the same accuracy, but, there isn't. So i will continue with the paper, hopefully without going further out of my mind, because the end result is SO worth it. It took me almost 15 minutes to de-paper the section pictured here. Getting the little bits left behind in the sharp points. Arggggggg!
Now that the wedding ring quilt has moved to a hand project, it's time to pull out another of my machine UFO's to work on. I've decided to get back to Judy Niemeyer's Cactus Rose, which is another of those instances where I saw a quilt, fell in love, and had to do it. I ordered the pattern, and the foundation paper to go with it, started it, and got really intimidated by the scale of the project, and so put it away. I have 4 of the star point units done, and 2 more partially finished. Lots of time yet, to go into this one, but isn't that what cold winters are for? I have to work at the hospital this afternoon, so I think I'll spend the time before i go in getting re-aquainted with this project, and maybe even get some sewing done on it. I'm not quilt obsessed, am I?
I've been making really good progress on the wedding ring quilt. It is all sewn together, and all the applique is fused, and stitched down. Phew!!! Now, I have to hand stitch the junctions between the rings. I think it is going to become my take along project for the next while. So, now to decide on another machine piecing UFO to drag out and get back to work on. Decisions, decisions.
OK, so I'm doing something wrong. This is the second week I've tried to link up to Judy L.'s site, and both times, the link I post, which I took directly from the top of the page of my post, says that the page is not found. I don't know what I'm doing wrong. Any suggestions?
I've been working on a disappearing 9 patch all week. Actually, there will be 2 of them, twin sized quilts commissioned by a family in Texas for their 2 sons. I'm leaving it up for a while to stare at, and see if there is any tweeking of block placement necessary. I used some of the fabrics that I had for my daughter's wedding quilt, which is themed on their favourite things, hence the pizza, BBQ stuff, s'mors golf balls, etc.


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During recent decades great attention was given to multilingualism in terms of a new concept rapidly emerging in what now is called the "modern world". Nowadays, multilingual people are considerably widespread and make up majority of today's population. It is necessary to outline that various factors such as immigration, social and employment needs have led to multilingual communities. Hence, this paper seeks to investigate how multilingual learners deal with code switching whilst they have acquired high proficiency level in other languages despite English which is their target Language. A particular attention will be drawn to examine how they use code switching in means of communication tool in academic and pragmatic use. Due to multilingual teaching and learning awareness it seems that students code switching' is a common increasingly phenomenon that might affect everyone in the modern societies.
As times goes by, invaluable books and research have arose code switching issues in bilingual learners but none or few of them may encounter code switching in multilingual issues.
According to Jessner (2009) multilingualism has been a subject of interest during the last decades.
Since multilingualism has acquired a very wide range of meanings different authors have given various definitions of the term multilingualism. In descriptive terms, it has been defined by Braun (1937) as: "the attribute of an individual who possesses active and passive comprehensive proficiency in two or more languages". In that way a person is named to be polyglot or multilingual if he is able to speak or understand more than two languages.


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Mini Ari is light purple with purple hair decorated with grape details and green streaks. She has blue eyes with grape sparkles and a thin smile.
Her dress is black with a green collar, grape graphics, and a blue hem. Blue shoes complete the outfit.


Fat Dragon had that feeling when reading a report recently about the aluminum industry in China, or more to the point, the alumina industry.
Fat Dragon has always regarded the alumina industry as one of the great examples of the weaknesses of China's political economy, to wit, the ability of large state enterprises to defend monopoly positions by strangling potential competitors. Such is, or apparently was, the case with Chalco, or the Aluminum Corp of China.
One of the perils of writing a column about China is that you can thunder on about a topic with great certainty, only to find in the short period of time it takes to get into print that events have passed one by and rendered your observations all but worthless.
Alumina is used to make aluminum (the raw material when it is dug out of the ground is bauxite), which in turn is used to make everything from wiring to packaging. Aluminum is also used in cars and nuclear power stations, both key growth industries in China.
A few years back, Chalco faced a challenge from Liu Yongxing, one of the two Liu brothers from Sichuan, pioneering entrepreneurs who had become among China's richest men in the 1990s through their pig feed business. Liu wanted to diversity into alumina but Chalco headed him off by agreeing to take a large stake in his proposed project in Henan province, thus neutralizing what would have been a challenge from the private sector to its monopoly.
Chalco was worried about setting a precedent. If one entrepreneur could enter their business, then why couldn't hundreds more? But it appears that in a virtual twinkle of an eye, this is what has happened.
China's alumina production is soaring as a result of rising prices. The country is expected to produce 13.1 million tonnes of alumina in 2006, up from about 8mt in 2005. By 2007, it could reach 19.1mt and more than 27mt by the end of the decade, according to a report by Macquarie Equities. With such a massive and sustained rally in prices, even Chalco has not been able to hold back the tide. New players have been rushing into the market in the last three years, and as a result, non-Chalco Chinese production could exceed Chalco's production by 2008.
For all of the Wild West elements in this story and doubtless the lack of environmental oversight that has gone into the construction of such plants, Fat Dragon is somewhat encouraged by this story.
Rent-seeking state-owned monopolies, or at least oligopolies, are an impediment to the rise of China's private economy.
For the surge in private business in recent years, the commanding heights of the Chinese economy – telecoms, energy, steel, petrochemicals and coal – are all dominated by big state players. If any private business starts to gain any kind of scale, it will struggle to survive unless it allows itself to be adopted by a large state partner.
So what has happened in the alumina industry?
It is not yet clear, even to experts like Macquarie. In a kind-of-only-in-China line in its industry report, the brokerage fesses up that it had to redo its analysis after visiting the mainland and "discovering several previously unknown alumina projects under construction".
Competition is great, but if it is competition funded by cheap loans backed by local governments, the only people who benefit unambiguously are consumers in Western countries who get all those cheap Chinese imports. For China, the picture is a little mixed. Sure they get a short burst of economic activity but at great environmental expense and the growth may be ultimately unsustainable.
Chalco might yet prevail in the end. After all, they have the technology and most of China's bauxite all to themselves. Fat Dragon might return to this topic in a couple of months to check.


text:
In Aftermath Of Shootings, Trump Says: 'Hate Has No Place In Our Country,' Vows 'To Take Care Of It'
President Trump said he was moving quickly to find a solution following a pair of shooting incidents in El Paso, Texas where 20 people were killed and in Dayton, Ohio where 9 people were killed (excluding the shooter).
Speaking to a group of reporters in Morristown, New Jersey on Sunday, Trump quickly denounced those suspects responsible for the shooting and said his administration was "going to take care of" the problem.
During a presser on Monday morning, Trump echoed these sentiments and said the whole country ought to "condemn racism, bigotry and white supremacism." He said "these sinister ideologies must be defeated" and that "hate has no place in America."
The president said the "barbaric slaughters" are an "attack on our nation," ABC News reports.
Pres. Trump urges the country to "condemn racism, bigotry and white supremacism," in his first formal remarks following two mass shootings, saying "these sinister ideologies must be defeated" and "hate has no place in America." https://t.co/8aK3Kzr8r3 pic.twitter.com/U1LivG7bKF
— ABC News (@ABC) August 5, 2019
Here's more:
While not proposing any major gun control legislation, he said the nation needs to strengthen mental health laws. "Mental illness and hatred pulls the trigger, not the gun," he said.
"Today I am also directing the Department of Justice to propose legislation ensuring that those who commit hate crimes and mass murders face the death penalty and that this capital punishment be delivered quickly, decisively…" the president added.
Trump said the country needs to put partisanship aside, saying it is "not up to mentally ill monsters, it is up to us."
"The perils of internet and social media cannot be ignored and will not be ignored," the president said, blaming "gruesome and grizzly video games" for the "glorification of violence in our society."
President Trump calls for "cultural change" following mass shootings: "We must stop the glorification of violence in our society. This includes the gruesome and grizzly video games that are now commonplace" https://t.co/yYzXIN5Uub pic.twitter.com/C7u2qImL4j
— ABC News Politics (@ABCPolitics) August 5, 2019
As the Associated Press reports, Trump said on Sunday that he was in communication with the Attorney General William Barr, FBI Director Christopher Wray, and various members of Congress.
In his remarks, he described the shooters as "really very seriously mentally ill." He also said the shootings have been happening "for years and years" but "we have to get it stopped."
JUST IN: President Trump speaks on back-to-back deadly mass shootings: "I want to extend our condolences to the people of El Paso, Texas and Dayton, Ohio, they're incredible people and they've been through a lot."
"Hate has no place in our country" https://t.co/MG5KCPXRmn pic.twitter.com/a4PgVSvslb
"Hate has no place in our country and we're going to take care of it … these are people that are very, very seriously mentally ill," Trump contended.
During the interview, the president said his administration was "talking to a lot of people" and said, "a lot of things are in the works."
President Donald Trump in the wake of the mass shootings in El Paso, Texas and Dayton, Ohio: 'Hate has no place.' https://t.co/rjYMjGqKKQ pic.twitter.com/SQJME58Xil
— USA TODAY (@USATODAY) August 5, 2019
The president contended that his administration had already accomplished a lot to prevent mass shootings and instances of gun violence.
"We have done much more than most administrations and it's really not talked about very much but we've done actually a lot—perhaps more has to be done," he admitted.
"We're talking to a lot of people and a lot of things are in the works," President Trump says when asked how he will handle the gun problem in the wake of mass shootings.
"But this is also a mental illness problem," he adds https://t.co/MG5KCPXRmn pic.twitter.com/IiGkXuDpX6
Here's more on the shootings from ABC News:
In El Paso, at least 20 people were killed and dozens more injured on Saturday morning during a massacre at a Walmart that was packed with back-to-school shoppers, making it one of the deadliest mass shootings in U.S. history, officials said. The wounded ranged in age from a 2-year-old child to an 82-year-old victim.
The suspect was identified by authorities as Patrick Crusius, 21, of Allen, Texas. He is being held on a charge of capital murder, court records show.
Less than 15 hours later, in Dayton, at least nine people were killed and 27 injured after a gunman wearing body armor and wielding an AK-47-style assault rifle opened fire in in the bustling Oregon District of Dayton, Mayor Nan Whaley told ABC News.
In Chicago at least three people have been killed and 37 more injured since Friday evening in shootings within city limits, including 22 people shot Sunday in less than four hours, the Chicago Sun-Times reported
Trump followed up the Sunday interview with a pair of tweets on Monday morning where he said, "We cannot let those killed in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, die in vain."
"Likewise for those so seriously wounded," the president continued. "We can never forget them, and those many who came before them. Republicans and Democrats must come together and get strong background checks, perhaps marrying this legislation with desperately needed immigration reform. We must have something good, if not GREAT, come out of these two tragic events!"
….this legislation with desperately needed immigration reform. We must have something good, if not GREAT, come out of these two tragic events!
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) August 5, 2019


text:
1.1 In these Conditions, the following definitions apply:
'Business Day' means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or public holiday in England when banks in London are open for business;
'Conditions' means the terms and conditions of sale set out in this document and any special terms and conditions agreed in writing by the Seller;
'Contract' means the contract between the Purchaser and the Seller for the supply of Goods in accordance with these Conditions as defined at clause 2.2;
'Event of Default' means, in respect of either party (as the case may be), any material breach of its obligations under these Conditions, or any step being taken in respect of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings or arrangements in respect of either party, or the inability of either party to pay its debts as they fall due;
'Force Majeure Event' means strikes, lockouts, stoppages of work, trade disputes, delay or non delivery of materials by a third party, accidents, fire, flood, tempest, war, riot, civil commotion, or acts of God or any other circumstances not within the control of the Seller which cause delay in manufacture or delivery of the Goods;
'Goods' means the articles which the Purchaser agrees to buy from the Seller pursuant to the Contract;
'Order' means the Purchaser's order for the supply of Goods, as set out in the Purchaser's purchase order form, or the Purchaser's written acceptance of the Seller's quotation, or such other form (as the case may be);
'Price' means the price for the Goods excluding carriage, packing, insurance & VAT
'Purchaser' means the party who buys or agrees to buy the Goods from the Seller;
'Seller' means Willard Conservation Limited, a private company limited by shares registered in England and Wales whose registered office address is The Workshop, Leigh Road, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8TS;
'Specification' means the drawings, technical specifications or other data referred to at clause 3.1.
1.2 In these Conditions, the following rules of interpretation apply:
a 'person' includes a natural person, corporate or incorporated body (whether or not having separate legal personality;
a reference to a 'party' or the 'parties' is a reference to the Purchaser, the Seller and includes its personal representatives, permitted assigns, servants, agents, and subsidiaries who have been given the requisite authority by said party;
a reference to 'delivery' includes delivery of the Goods by the Seller, delivery of the Goods by a carrier, or collection of the Goods by the Purchaser (as the case may be);
a reference to a statute or statutory provision is a reference to such statute or statutory provision as amended or re-enacted from time to time, and includes any subordinate legislation made under such statute;
any phrase introduced by the terms 'including', 'include', 'in particular' or any similar expression shall be construed as illustrative and shall not limit the sense of the words preceding those terms;
a reference to 'writing' or 'written' includes, subject to clause 16.2, e-mails but not faxes.
2 Conditions Applicable to Orders
2.1 All Orders for Goods shall be deemed to be an offer by the Purchaser to purchase Goods pursuant to these Conditions without reservation, alteration or introduction of additional terms.
2.2 A binding contract between the Purchaser and the Seller (the 'Contract') will exist and will be subject to these Conditions when the Seller posts or transmits by fax or e-mail an acknowledgement or confirmation of order to the Purchaser which shall thus constitute acceptance of the Order.
2.3 Unless expressly agreed in writing by both parties, these Conditions shall apply to all agreements for the sale of Goods by the Seller to the Purchaser to the exclusion of all other terms and conditions including any terms or conditions which the Purchaser may seek to apply unilaterally under any purchase order, confirmation of order or similar documents or any terms implied by trade, custom, or market practice.
2.4 The Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has not relied on any statement, promise, representation, assurance or warranty made or given by or on behalf of the Seller which is not set out in the Contract.
2.5 Unless contained in the Specification, any samples, drawings, descriptive matter or advertising issued by the Seller or contained in the Seller's catalogues or brochures are issued for the sole purpose of giving an approximate idea of the Goods described in them. They shall not form part of the Contract or have contractual force.
2.6 After acceptance of an Order by the Seller as described in clause 2.2, such Order may only be modified or altered in accordance with the terms of the Contract or otherwise only if such modification or alteration is expressly agreed in writing by both parties.
3 Specification
3.1 Any drawings, technical specifications or other data attached to the Seller's quotation and specified and identified on the Order shall be deemed to be the Specification and shall be deemed to be part of that Order.
3.2 Upon acceptance of the Order by the Seller as described in clause 2.2, no material change in the Specification may be effected unless expressly agreed in writing by both parties SAVE THAT the Seller reserves the right to make any change in the Specification after such acceptance provided that such change does not materially affect the installation, performance or price thereof. Any such change shall not invalidate any Order or impose any liability on the Seller.
4 Cancellation and Return of Goods
4.1 Subject to clause 4.2, no Order shall be cancelled by the Purchaser after it has been accepted by the Seller as described in clause 2.2, other than with the express written consent of and upon conditions reasonably required by the Seller.
4.2 If the Seller shall cease to manufacture or supply any Goods ordered by the Purchaser, it shall give notice of that fact in writing to the Purchaser but shall not be liable for any loss or damage occasioned thereby to the Purchaser whereupon the Purchaser will have the option (to be exercised within 10 Business Days of the date that said notice is served) either to take equivalent goods if available from the Seller or to cancel its Order without further liability upon the Seller or the Purchaser. If the Purchaser has not exercised such option within the 10 Business Day period, the Order shall be deemed to be continued with the equivalent goods (subject to the availability of such equivalent goods).
4.3 Any Goods returned by the Purchaser to the Seller will be deemed to constitute cancellation of the relevant Order. For the avoidance of doubt, such cancellation must comply with the provisions of clause 4.1 in order to be valid.
4.4 Any Goods returned to the Seller by the Purchaser for any reasons whatsoever shall be returned at the sole risk of the Purchaser and the Seller shall be entitled to store the same otherwise than at the Seller's premises.
5 Price and Payment
5.1 Subject to the provisions of clause 5.2 and clause 5.3, the Price shall be the amount stated in the Seller's quotation and referred to in the Seller's written acceptance of Order served in accordance with clause 2.2. For the avoidance of doubt, extra charges will be made by the Seller for all applicable taxes, duties, carriage and freight and for all or any insurance, packing, crating, special tests or inspections and all such extra charges shall be payable by the Purchaser.
5.2 In the event of any modification or alteration to an Order made in accordance with clause 2.6, the stated Price shall be adjusted accordingly by the Seller to reflect the price of the modified Order.
5.3 The Seller reserves the right to increase the Price, by giving notice to the Purchaser at any time before delivery, to reflect any increase in the cost of the Goods to the Seller that is due to:
5.3.1 any factor beyond the control of the Seller (including foreign exchange fluctuations, increases in taxes and duties, increases in labour, materials and other manufacturing costs);
5.3.2 any request by the Purchaser to change the delivery date(s), quantities or types of Goods ordered, or the Specification; or
5.3.3 any delay caused by any instructions of the Purchaser in respect of the Goods or failure of the Purchaser to give the Seller adequate or accurate information or instructions in respect of the Goods.
5.4 Payment shall be remitted by the Purchaser to the Seller as follows:
5.4.1 50% of the total payment due (comprising the Price and other extra charges including carriage, packing, insurance and VAT) shall be remitted upon placement of the Order by bankers draft or by such other method of payment as the parties may agree; and
5.4.2 the balance of the total payment due (as referred to at clause 5.4.1) shall be remitted upon the request of the Seller prior to dispatch of the Goods or collection of the Goods by the Purchaser (as the case may be). Any variation of this term shall only be valid if agreed in writing and endorsed by the parties before the deemed date of acceptance of the Order established in accordance with clause 2.2.
5.5 If the Purchaser fails to make any payment due to the Seller under the Contract by the due date for payment, the Seller shall be entitled to:
5.5.1 charge the Purchaser interest at the rate of 2% per month or part thereof on the amount outstanding (such interest accruing on a daily basis from the due date until actual payment in full of both the overdue amount and accrued interest);
5.5.2 suspend any future deliveries under any agreements with the Purchaser in accordance with clause 12.2;
5.5.3 terminate the Contract in accordance with clause 12.1.4 and any other Contracts with the Purchaser insofar as they relate to any further Goods remaining to be delivered by the Seller to the Purchaser; and
5.5.4 recover from the Purchaser any expenses incurred by the Seller by any suspension or cancellation pursuant to clauses 5.5.2 or 5.5.3.
5.6 Time of payment shall be the essence of the Contract.
5.7 All amounts payable by the Purchaser under the Contract are exclusive of amounts in respect of value added tax chargeable from time to time (VAT). Where any taxable supply for VAT purposes is made under the Contract by the Seller to the Purchaser, the Purchaser shall, on receipt of a VAT invoice from the Seller, pay to the Seller such additional amounts in respect of VAT as are chargeable on the supply of Goods at the same time as payment is due for the supply of Goods.
5.8 The Purchaser shall pay all amounts due under the Contract in full without any set-off, counterclaim, deduction or withholding except as required by law. The Seller may, without limiting its other rights or remedies, set off any amount owing to it by the Purchaser against any amount payable by the Seller to the Purchaser.
6.1 The date for delivery of Goods is an estimated date and shall not be deemed to be of the essence of the Contract, save that the Seller will use reasonable endeavours to
avoid any delay in delivery from the notified delivery date and the Seller will use reasonable endeavours to keep the Purchaser updated of the estimated delivery date.
6.2 The Seller shall not be liable for any delay in delivery of the Goods that is caused by a Force Majeure Event or the Purchaser's failure to provide the Seller with adequate instructions that are relevant to the supply or delivery of the Goods.
6.3 The parties acknowledge that any delay in delivery of the Goods by the Seller shall not be considered a material breach of the Contract or sufficient cause for cancellation by the Purchaser. Where delivery is to be made by instalments, delay in delivery of one instalment shall not entitle the Purchaser to refuse to accept the remaining instalments.
6.4 If the Seller fails to deliver the Goods within a reasonable time and no Force Majeure Event has occurred, its liability shall be limited to the costs incurred by the Purchaser in obtaining replacement goods of similar description and quality in the cheapest market available, less the price of the Goods.
6.5 In the event of a Force Majeure Event, the Seller reserves the right to suspend delivery of Goods for such period as is reasonable in all the circumstances and may extend the period for delivery to cover such time as has been lost by the Force Majeure Event or may suspend or cancel either immediately or at any time after a suspension under this clause any or all of its obligations then unperformed.
6.6 Delivery to or collection by any carrier from carriage to the destination indicated by the Purchaser shall be deemed to be delivery of the Goods and due performance of the Seller's duties.
6.7 Where Goods are damaged in transit such damage must be notified to the Seller in writing within 3 Business Days of receipt of the Goods by the Purchaser with a copy direct to the carrier. In the case of carriage by an independent carrier, claims in respect of loss or damage in transit or non-delivery must be settled between the carrier and the Purchaser and will not be subject of a claim against the Seller.
6.8 Non delivery of Goods advised or invoiced for delivery in the UK which are not received within 21 days of despatch must be notified by the Purchaser in writing to the Seller.
6.9 Short or over deliveries must be notified in writing by the Purchaser to the Seller within 3 Business Days from the date of receipt of the Goods by the Purchaser. In the case of short delivery, a copy of such written notification should also be sent by the Purchaser to the carrier.
6.10 If the Purchaser fails to accept or take delivery of the Goods on the delivery date notified by the Seller, then except where such failure is caused by a Force Majeure Event or by the Seller's failure to comply with its obligations under the Contract in respect of the Goods:
6.10.1 delivery shall be deemed to have been completed on such notified delivery date;
6.10.2 the Seller shall store the Goods for 5 Business Days, and charge the Purchaser for all related costs and expenses including storage, insurance and redelivery; and
6.10.3 if 5 Business Days after the notified delivery date the Purchaser has still not accepted delivery of the Goods and the parties have not otherwise agreed a date for redelivery of the Goods, the Seller may resell or otherwise dispose of part or all of the Goods and terminate the Contract in accordance with its rights in clause 12.
7 RISK & TITLE
7.1 The risk in the Goods shall pass to the Purchaser from the start of the day which has been notified to the Purchaser as the delivery date, provided always that the Goods are on that date in a deliverable state.
7.2 Title in the Goods shall not pass to the Purchaser until the earlier of:
7.2.1 the Seller receiving payment in full (in cash or cleared funds) for the Goods; and
7.2.2 the Purchaser reselling the Goods, in which case title to the Goods shall pass to the Purchaser at the time specified in clause 7.4.
7.3 Until title in the Goods has passed to the Purchaser in accordance with clause 7.2, the Purchaser shall:
7.3.1 store the Goods separately from all other goods in the Purchaser's possession so as to be identifiable as the property of the Seller;
7.3.2 not remove, deface or obscure any identifying mark or packaging on or relating to the Goods; and
7.3.3 maintain the Goods in satisfactory condition and keep them insured against all risks for their full price on the Seller's behalf from the date of delivery.
7.3.4 In the event the Goods are delivered by the Seller prior to receipt of payment in full, and without limiting any other right or remedy the Seller may have, the Seller reserves the right to require the Purchaser to deliver up the Goods in its possession and, if the Purchaser fails to do so promptly, the Seller may enter any premises of the Seller or of any third party where the Goods are stored in order to recover them.
7.4 In the circumstances described in clause 5.4.2 and, subject to clause 7.5, the Purchaser may resell or use the Goods in the ordinary course of business (but not otherwise) before the Seller receives payment for the Goods. However, if the Purchaser resells the Goods before that time it does so as the Seller's agent and shall:
7.4.1 if required in writing by the Seller pay into a separate identified bank account the entire proceeds of resale which shall be held by the Purchaser on trust for the Seller absolutely. If the proceeds of resale exceed the sums payable by the Purchaser to the Seller, the Purchaser shall be entitled to retain such surplus as its agent's commission on resale; and
7.4.2 the Purchaser shall identify the Seller as the principal to any third party buyer and further in these circumstances at all times the Purchaser acting in such capacity as agent shall indemnify the Seller against all or any claims made by a third party and the Purchaser shall have in place and maintain a policy of insurance in order to support such indemnity in full.
7.5 If any Event of Default occurs in respect of the Purchaser before title to the Goods has passed to the Purchaser then, without limiting any other right or remedy the Seller may have:
7.5.1 any right of the Purchaser to resell Goods or use them in the ordinary course of its business ceases immediately;
7.5.2 the Seller may at any time require the Purchaser to deliver up all Goods in its possession which have not been resold; and
7.5.3 if the Purchaser fails to do so promptly, enter any premises of the Purchaser or of any third party where the Goods are stored in order to recover them.
8.1 The Seller warrants that on delivery the Goods shall conform in all material respects with their description and any applicable Specification and shall be free from material defects in design, material and workmanship.
8.2 The Seller further warrants that Goods manufactured by the Seller shall be guaranteed for one year RTB against material defects in materials or workmanship.
8.3.1 the Purchaser gives notice in writing within 14 days of discovery that some or all of the Goods do not comply with the warranties set out in clause 8.1 and 8.2; and
8.3.2 the Seller is given a reasonable opportunity of examining such Goods for the purpose of verifying that the warranties set out in clause 8.1 and 8.2 have been breached; and
8.3.3 the Purchaser (if asked to do so by the Seller) returns such Goods to the Seller's place of business at the Purchaser's cost;
the Seller shall, at its option, repair or replace the defective Goods, or refund the price of the defective Goods.
8.4 The Seller shall not be liable for the Goods' failure to comply with the warranties in clause 8.1 and 8.2 if:
8.4.1 the Purchaser makes any further use of the Goods after giving a notice in accordance with clause 8.3:
8.4.2 the defect arises because the Purchaser failed to follow the Seller's oral or written instructions as to the storage, installation, commissioning, use or maintenance of the Goods or (if there are none) good trade practice;
8.4.3 the defect arises as a result of the Seller following any drawing, design, or Specification supplied by the Purchaser;
8.4.4 the Purchaser alters or repairs such Goods without the written consent of the Seller;
8.4.5 the defect arises as a result of normal fair wear and tear, wilful damage, negligence, or abnormal working conditions;
8.4.6 the Goods differ from their description or the Specification as a result of changes made to ensure they comply with applicable statutory or regulatory standards; or
8.4.7 the Goods are damaged in transit by a third party carrier, in which case the terms of clause 6.7 shall apply.
8.5 For the avoidance of doubt, no guarantee is given by the Seller in respect of defects arising from corrosion, erosion, or abnormal use, nor in respect of goods or parts not manufactured by the Seller.
8.6 Except as provided in this clause 8, the Seller shall have no liability to the Purchaser in respect of the Goods' failure to comply with the warranties in clauses 8.1 and 8.2.
Where goods have been manufactured by the Seller pursuant to plans or specifications provided by the Purchaser, the Seller shall not be liable for any alleged patent infringement thereby caused. In the event of litigation arising in which it is alleged that the Seller has infringed any patent or intellectual property or other right as aforesaid, the Purchaser will forthwith take on the conduct of the defence of such claim, and will indemnify and hold harmless the Seller for all or any damages costs or expenses which the Seller may incur or be ordered to pay or for any monies which it pays in reasonable settlement of such litigation.
10. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY – (THE PURCHASER'S ATTENTION IS PARTICULARLY DRAWN TO THIS CLAUSE)
10.1 Nothing in these Conditions shall limit or exclude the Seller's liability for:
10.1.1 death or personal injury caused by its negligence;
10.1.2 fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation;
10.1.3 breach of the terms implied by section 2 of the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982 (title and quiet possession);
10.1.4 breach of the terms implied by section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 (title and quiet possession); or
10.1.5 defective products under the Consumer Protection Act 1987.
10.2.1 the Seller shall under no circumstances whatever be liable to the Purchaser, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, or otherwise, for any loss of profits, or any indirect or consequential loss arising under or in connection with a Contract; and
10.2.2 the Seller's total liability to the Purchaser in respect of all other losses arising under or in connection with a Contract, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of statutory duty, or otherwise, shall in no circumstances exceed the total amount payable by the Purchaser to the Seller for the Goods under such Contract to which the Purchaser's claim relates.
10.3 The terms implied by sections 13 to 15 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 are, to the fullest extent permitted by law, excluded from any Contract.
10.4 This clause 10 shall survive termination of the Contract.
11. PURCHASER'S NOTIFICATION OBLIGATIONS
11.1 The Purchaser shall forthwith inform the Seller if any of the following events occur:
11.1.1 if, prior to making full payment for the Goods, the Purchaser receives an order acceptance of which would amount to or include the resale of any of the seller's products;
11.1.2 if, prior to making full payment for the Goods, the Purchaser learns that any of the Seller's products (whether or not pursuant to a 'supply and fix' contract) are to be or may be affixed to land so as to become fixtures thereon;
11.1.3 if the Purchaser (if a company) receives by way of service upon it any petition that the Purchaser be wound up by the Court;
11.1.4 if the Purchaser (if a company) produces any agenda containing any resolution which if passed by the purchaser would result in the purchaser being wound up; or
11.1.5 if any other circumstances occur which could amount to, or cause, an Event of Default in respect of the Purchaser.
12. SELLER'S RIGHT TO TERMINATE
12.1 Without limiting its other rights and remedies, the Seller may terminate the Contract with immediate effect by giving written notice to the Purchaser if:
12.1.1 an Event of Default should occur in respect of the Purchaser;
12.1.2 the Purchaser's financial position deteriorates to such an extent that in the Seller's reasonable opinion the Purchaser's ability to adequately fulfil its obligations under the Contract is materially affected;
12.1.3 a Force Majeure Event occurs which prevents the Seller from manufacturing or delivering the Goods for a period of 4 weeks or more; or
12.1.4 the Purchaser fails pay any amount due under the Contract on the due date for payment or fails to take delivery of any of the Goods following expiry of the 5 Business Day period described in clause 6.10.3.
12.2 Without limiting its other rights and remedies, the Seller may suspend all further deliveries of Goods under the Contract or any other contracts with the Purchaser if the Purchaser fails to pay any amount due under this Contract on the due date for payment, the Purchaser becomes subject to any Event of Default, or the Seller reasonably believes that the Purchaser is about to become subject to any of them.
12.3 Upon any termination of the contract, the Seller shall have the right, at its option,
either;
12.3.1 to require the Purchaser to pay for, at the then current price, such materials as the Seller shall have allocated to the Contract including labour and other expenses incurred by the Seller in relation to such materials; or
12.3.2 to require the Purchaser to pay to the Seller as liquidated damages an amount equivalent to 50% of the price of the Goods ordered which the Purchaser accepts to be a genuine pre-estimate of the Seller's loss; or
12.3.3 to dispose of or deal with the Goods at its discretion without being liable to account to the Purchaser for the proceeds of such disposal.
12.4 Any such termination shall be without compensation to the Purchaser and without prejudice to any rights of the Seller hereunder or otherwise.
A party ('receiving party') shall keep in strict confidence all technical and commercial know-how, specifications, inventions, processes or initiatives which are of a confidential nature and have been disclosed to the receiving party by the other party ('disclosing party'), its employees, agents or subcontractors, and any other confidential information concerning the disclosing party's business, its products and services which the receiving party may obtain. The receiving party shall only disclose such confidential information to those of its employees, agents and subcontractors who need to know it for the purpose of discharging the receiving party's obligations under the Contract, and shall ensure that such employees, agents and subcontractors comply with the obligations set out in this clause as thought they were a party to the Contract. The receiving party may also disclose such of the disclosing party's confidential information as is required to be disclosed by law, by any governmental or regulatory authority or by a court of competent jurisdiction. This clause 13 shall survive termination of the Contract.
14. HEALTH & SAFETY
It is the duty of the Purchaser to ensure that the Goods purchased hereunder are installed and operated in accordance with the Seller's recommendations and/or instructions, and the Purchaser agrees to indemnify the seller in respect of all claims arising in connection with any breach of this duty.
The Purchaser shall not, without the prior written consent of the Seller, assign, transfer, charge, subcontract, declare a trust over or deal in any other manner with all or any of its rights or obligations under the Contract.
16.1 Any notice or other communication given to a party under or in connection with the Contract shall be in writing addressed to that party at its registered office (if it is a company) or its principal place of business (in any other case) or such other address as that party may have specified to the other party in writing in accordance with this
clause, and shall be delivered personally or sent by pre-paid first-class post or other next working day delivery service, or by commercial courier, or subject to clause 16.2 by e-mail.
16.2 In the case of notices or other communications sent by e-mail, the notice or communication shall be validly sent if transmitted to an e-mail address provided to that party by the other party for the purpose of serving notice or, in any other circumstances, to an e-mail address included on or in that party's current website, headed notepaper or other business literature.
16.3 A notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been received, if delivered personally, when left at the address referred to in clause 16.1; if sent by pre-paid first class post or other next Business Day delivery service, at 9:00am on the second Business Day after posting; if delivered by commercial courier, on the date and at the time that the courier's delivery receipt is signed; or if sent by e-mail, one Business Day after transmission.
16.4 The provisions of this clause shall not apply to the service of any proceedings or other documents in any legal action.
17.1 If any provision or part-provision of the Contract is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable, it shall be deemed modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it valid, legal and enforceable. If such modification is not possible, the relevant provision or part-provision shall be deemed deleted. Any modification to or deletion of a provision or part-provision under this clause shall not affect the validity and enforceability of the rest of the Contract.
17.2 If any provision or part-provision of the Contract is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the parties shall negotiate in good faith to amend such provision so that, as amended, it is legal, valid and enforceable, and, to the greatest extent possible, achieves the intended commercial result of the original provision.
A waiver of any right under the Contract or law is only effective if it is in writing and shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any subsequent breach or default.
19. THIRD PARTIES
A person who is not a party to the Contract shall not have any right to enforce its terms.
20. VARIATION
Except as set out in these Conditions, no variation of the Contract, including the introduction of any additional terms and conditions, shall be effective unless it is agreed in writing and signed by the Seller.
21. COMPLIANCE WITH US LAWS
No provision of this contract or any documents in connection herewith shall be interpreted so as to, or be deemed to, create an agreement, nor shall the Seller be bound by any requirement hereof which would result in any penalty or sanction under United States law such as but not limited to loss of tax benefits.
22.1 The Contract and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of England and Wales.
22.2 Subject to clause 22.3, each party agrees that the courts of England and Wales shall have jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim arising from, out of, or in connection with the Contract its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims).
22.3 If any dispute, difference or question shall arise between the parties or their representatives in connection with the Contract or any matter arising therefrom, then the parties agree to use reasonable endeavours to resolve such dispute in the first instance by negotiation between the parties and, failing that, by referring such dispute to the academy of Experts, 2 South Square, Grays Inn, London WC1R 5HP for resolution.
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text:
SMPTE 2017: Attendance Hits High of 2,500+
Growing conference will move to larger location for 2018
Michael Balderston
LOS ANGELES—The book is officially closed on the SMPTE 2017 Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, and according to SMPTE it was the most attended year in the event's run.
More than 2,500 registered attendees took part in the week's festivities that included 70 expert presentations, 105 exhibitors, the IP Showcase, Broadcast Beat's Live! Studio and symposiums on artificial intelligence and machine learning.
During the conference, SMPTE Executive Director Barbara Lanage announced the dates for the 2018 conference, which will take place from Oct. 22-25. There will be a new location for the 2018 conference, due to the reported continued increase in attendance, with festivities moving to the Westin Bonaventure Hotel & Suites in downtown Los Angeles. The 2018 conference will be chaired by SMPTE Fellows Thomas Edwards, vice president engineering and development at Fox, and SMPTE Education Director Sara J. Kudrle, product marketing manager for playout at Imagine Communications.
SMPTE 2017 concluded on Thursday, Oct. 26, with the Annual Awards Gala, where SMPTE Honorary Membership was bestowed posthumously on Renville "Ren" H. McMann Jr. The organizations Progress Medal was presented to Paul E. Debevec.
See more of TVT's SMTPE coverage here.
eventsSMPTE 2017
SMPTE 2017 Technical Conference Open for Registration
The SMPTE 2017 Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition, as well as the SMPTE 2017 Symposium, is now open for registration.
Andrew Shulkind to Give Keynote at SMPTE 2017
A point of topic for the SMPTE 2017 Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition will be virtual reality, and to address that the organization has announced Andrew Shulkind, co-founder of Headcase VR, will present a keynote during the event.
Diversity to Take Many Forms At SMPTE 2017
If the central theme of last year's SMPTE Technical Conference and Exhibition was about celebrating the centennial of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, this year's has to be about positioning the society—in terms of its technical focus and the people it seeks to attract—for a future of rapid and constant change in media technology.
SMPTE 2017: Riedel Bringing New Apps, Intercom System
Riedel Communications will arrive at this year's SMPTE Technical Conference & Exhibition with a pair of new apps in tow, along with a new wireless intercom system.
SMPTE 2017: Q&A—Matthew Goldman, President, SMPTE
Shortly before the start of the SMPTE 2017 Symposium, TV Technology spoke with Matthew Goldman, President of SMPTE, and senior vice president of technology, TV & Media, Media Solutions for Ericsson.
SMPTE 2017: Q&As— Thomas Edwards, Sara Kudrle
Shortly before the start of the SMPTE 2017 Technical Conference & Exhibition, TV Technology spoke with Thomas Edwards, vice president, engineering & development at FOX Networks Engineering & Operations, and Sara Kudrle, product marketing manager for playout at Imagine Communications.
SMPTE 2017: Q&A—Julie Meghan McDonald, Nimble Collective
Shortly before the start of the SMPTE 2017 Technical Conference & Exhibition, TV Technology spoke with Julie Meghan McDonald, director of business development at Nimble Collective, about her session "Moving to the Cloud: Current Risks & Rewards... "
SMPTE 2017: Q&A—Kylee Peña and Meaghan Wilbur
Shortly before the start of SMPTE 2017 Technical Conference & Exhibition, TV Technology spoke with Kylee Peña, president at Blue Collar Post Collective, and Meaghan Wilbur, editor and executive committee member at Blue Collar Post Collective, about their Wednesday session "Why Diversity Programs Fail—and How to Fix Them."


text:
Mike Huckabee: 'Anti-Semitic' NYT Cartoon Reminds Americans Media No Longer Champion Journalism
By Michael Morris | April 29, 2019 | 10:01am EDT
Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee (right) and The New York Times building (left) (Screenshots)
On his Twitter page on Monday, former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee blasted the "despicable, insulting, and anti-Semitic 'cartoon'" put out by The New York Times, saying in a tweet that it was just a reminder to Americans how the media no longer champion journalism.
"The despicable, insulting, and anti-Semitic 'cartoon' in the NY Slimes reminds many Americans how the media no longer champions[sic] journalism," tweeted Mike Huckabee, "but bigotry against those who don't live in their bubble."
The despicable, insulting, and anti-Semitic "cartoon" in the NY Slimes reminds many Americans how the media no longer champions journalism, but bigotry against those who don't live in their bubble. https://t.co/X11x5GCPrw
— Gov. Mike Huckabee (@GovMikeHuckabee) April 29, 2019
Mike Huckabee's tweet came after The New York Times, in the paper's international edition, published, according to The Jerusalem Post, an anti-Semitic cartoon. The Jerusalem Post, as referenced in Huckabee's tweet, detailed the cartoon in their piece, stating, "The offensive image was of a blind US President Donald Trump wearing a yarmulke, being walked by a dog with the face of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and wearing a Star of David collar."
n a tweet on April 27, 2019, The New York Times Opinion posted that an Editor's Note will "appear in Monday's international edition." The note, according to the tweet, will read as follows:
"A political cartoon in the international print edition of The New York Times on Thursday included anti-Semitic tropes, depicting the prime minister of Israel as a guide dog with a Star of David collar leading the president of the United States, shown wearing a skullcap. The image was offensive, and it was an error of judgment to publish it. It was provided by The New York Times News Service and Syndicate, which has since deleted it."
An Editors' Note to appear in Monday's international edition. pic.twitter.com/1rl2vXoTB3
— New York Times Opinion (@nytopinion) April 27, 2019


text:
9 Clinics For The Best Droopy Eyelid Surgery In Singapore
The first feature you'd notice upon seeing someone is their eyes. But if you notice that your eyelids are drooping down, then it might be the cause of a medical condition called ptosis, short for blepharoptosis.
In most cases, their ptosis isn't as prominent. But for others, the droop in the eyelid is noticeable and can give off the impression that they're tired or disinterested even when they don't mean to. Meanwhile, some severe cases of ptosis can cause the eyelid to droop over the pupils so much that it hinders the sight.
If you have ptosis, then you have the option of undergoing ptosis surgery to change up your appearance and look livelier, brighter and fresher while attaining a clearer sense of sight! Read on for the 9 best droopy eyelid surgery in Singapore.
1. SWENG Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery
2. Clifford Surgery
3. Focal Eye Centre
4. Heal Group
5. Cambridge Medical Group
6. Ava Eye Clinic
7. W Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
8. Specialist Eye & Eyelids Clinic
9. Aesthetics & Reconstructive Centre
Image Credit: SWENG Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery
Imagine consulting the doctor, going through surgery and resting after your surgery – all in one place. Hence, you'd be pleased to find out that such a clinic exists! SWENG was thoughtfully and specifically designed as a one-stop facility, from the point of consultation all the way to recovery. So, it's no surprise that they're among the top plastic surgery clinics in Singapore.
First, Dr Ng Siew Weng will assess the ptosis through two aspects: severity of the ptosis and the upper eyelid's lifting ability. From the results, Dr Ng will be able to choose the most suitable type of procedure for you. During the operation, you may be required to sit up so Dr Ng can check the symmetry of the eyes opening after correction. After recovery, the scar made by the incision will be hidden in the eyelid crease.
Joy Lam
Dr Ng is professional, patient, detailed and skillful! Loving my new eyelids and jawline. Also worth mentioning is Michelle and the other 2 nurses who are always willing to share, reassuring and very friendly!
Belinda Kok
I'm very satisfied with my post eyelid, fat injection and laser result. He is a very detailed and meticulous surgeon. His staff is also very friendly, service is very good. My friends complimented that I look so much younger.
Website: https://www.sweng.sg/droopy-eyelid-surgery-ptosis-correction
Contact: +65 6600 6868 (Main) | +65 8218 2838 (After office hours) | +65 8218 2838 (WhatsApp)
1 Farrer Park Station Road, #16-08 to 10, Singapore 217562
6A Napier Road, #08-08, Singapore 258499
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-6PM l Sat 9AM-1.30PM l Closed on Sun
Image Credit: Clifford Surgery
Abnormally droopy under eyelids or ptosis can be a problem for some people because they may have a hard time opening their eyes entirely. Other people may even become quite conscious about their ptosis problem because it is uncomfortable, makes it hard for them to see clearly, and makes them look fatigued. This is why there are those who choose to go under the knife and have their ptosis problem repaired by an expert.
If you are looking for the best droopy eyelid surgery in Singapore, you should come to Clifford Surgery. They have over 18 years of experience in ptosis repair and other cosmetic surgery procedures, including tummy tuck, rhinoplasty, Infabrow lift, and breast implants. By combining their long years of experience, the latest technology, best practices, and industry standards, they are able to guarantee the best possible outcome to help clients achieve the physical appearance they have always dreamed of.
Website: https://cliffordsurgery.com/treatment/droopy-eyelids-ptosis-repair/
Clifford Centre, 24 Raffles Place, #01-05, Singapore 048621
Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, 38 Irrawaddy Road, #08-36/7/8/9, Singapore 329563
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 10AM-8PM | Sat 10AM-5PM
Image Credit: Focal Eye Centre
To the team at Focal Eye Centre, the eyesight is one of their most valued senses, which is why they provide eye care across the generations! To illustrate, they offer Children's eye services at The Children's Eye & ENT Centre, while Focal Eye Centre is geared mainly towards adults. From pediatric and developmental eye care for your children to customised cataract surgery and age-related screenings for grandparents, Focal Eye Centre is here to care for your family's visual needs.
Droopy eyelids are treated surgically. However, the type of procedure is dependent on the severity of the droopiness and strength of the eyelid levator muscle. One of the most common causes of droopy eyelids is senile ptosis, which is the result of ageing. If occurred in early childhood, then it's congenital in nature which is the result of maldevelopment of the muscle in the upper eyelid.
Janice Koh
I had eye surgery done by Dr Zena. Due to the haze I had post op allergies and Dr Zena was able to resolve my issues swiftly and professionally. Dr Zena and team has been most accommodating to my needs from pre-op to post op. I would highly recommend Focal Eye Centre.
Shantanu Singh
Dr. Zena Lim's ENT Centre for Children is highly recommended! We have been there 4 times for Paediatric Vision evaluation of my toddler son and our experience has been very positive. We were very pleased with the treatment plan and the outcome has been excellent. The clinic is very child friendly and the staff is extremely patient with kids. The clinic responds to email queries for memo/documents very promptly.
Website: https://www.focaleyecentre.com/service/Droopy-eyelids
Location: Mount Elizabeth Novena, Specialist Centre, 38 Irrawaddy Road, #10-21, Singapore 329563
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 8.30AM-5PM l Sat 8.30AM-12.30PM l Closed on Sun
Image Credit: Heal Group
Focused on holistic healthcare, Heal Group offers an assortment of services categorised under plastic and reconstructive surgery, women's health, dental care, sports and orthopaedic medicine and counselling. Heal Group aims to give their patients a rewarding and enriching life through their services offered. So, if you've been considering undergoing eyelid surgery for some time, and are ready to take the next step, speak to the team behind Heal Group!
Among most Asian patients, getting a droopy eyelid surgery in Singapore is a ubiquitous procedure. Or if you're looking to remove excessive droopy skin, then it's also suitable for you! Since it's a personal procedure, you must consider why exactly you want to go through this surgery and be transparent with your doctor. That way, they can customise the procedure to suit your natural eyelids and face shape during the surgery!
NCH N
I saw a number of wonderful things said about Dr. Fong and his team when I was searching for a reliable doctor in Singapore to correct my droopy eyelid. True enough, Dr. Fong is one of the most patient and nicest doctors I've ever run into. During my first consultation with Dr. Fong he was extremely professional and kind. So needless to say I felt extremely comfortable with him and I did the surgery on the very next day. The process was virtually painless and the recovery has been smooth. It is now 1 week post-surgery. The result is excellent. I would recommend Dr. Fong for any of the services he offers.
Rommel Fuentebella
Heal Group has been very helpful in fixing the misunderstanding on the scheduling and helping me to get the schedule that I have booked online. Very proactive and caring to the patient's needs. I really appreciate it. Furthermore their treatments are effective and good value for money.
Website: https://www.healgroup.sg/upper-eyelid-surgery
Contact: +65 6250 9550 | +65 6251 2501
Location: OKIO, 262 Balestier Road, #04-01/02, Singapore 329714
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-5PM l Sat 9AM-1PM l Closed on Sun & PH
Image Credit: Cambridge Medical Group
Cambridge Medical Group is the brainchild of Dr Lee Mun Heng, who graduated from the prestigious University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. He only employs highly-skilled physicians and surgeons with unique strengths. Cambridge Medical Group focuses on training, know-how and up-to-date scientific medical discoveries to deliver bespoke treatments to their patients. Their treatments are focused on three main concerns: acne & acne scars, anti-ageing, facelift & wrinkles, and eye lift, eye bags & dark circles.
The "Plexr Plasma Eye Lift" is an eye lift and eyelid treatment that helps patients lift and rejuvenate sagging skin and uneven folds around the eyelid. Since it's non-surgical, the procedure is relatively painless and fuss-free while helping to tighten excess skin and create improvements in the eye and eyelids' appearance. Enquire for more details on how this eye lift treatment can help you fix droopy eyelids by giving them a call today!
Elaine Kay
A wonderful experience. Went in wanting to do several treatments but doctor only recommend what is required and ask me to think about the rest. No hard selling and nurses are very patience in explaining the treatments.
Jasmine Tan
Been visiting this clinic for a few years. Dr Lee is always patient and gives good and honest advice on whats best for me and Wendy and Peggy is always helpful and delivers good service.
Website: https://www.cambridgemedical.com.sg/LG-en/services-plexrplasmaeyelift
Contact: +65 6733 0777 | +65 9155 8869 (SMS/WhatsApp)
Location: Ngee Ann City Tower B, 391B Orchard Road, #08-05A1, Singapore 238874
Opening Hours: Mon-Wed & Fri 10AM-6PM l Thu 10AM-8PM | Sat 10AM-3PM l Closed on Sun & PH
Image Credit: Ava Eye Clinic
With over 20 years of high-volume clinical experience, Dr Audrey Looi manages general as well as subspecialised eye conditions at Ava Eye Clinic. Dr Looi's special areas of interest lie in Cataract Surgery and Oculoplastic Surgery. To date, she has performed over seven thousand cataract surgeries and four thousand oculoplastic procedures, which include eyelid, lacrimal, socket and orbital surgeries. At Ava Eye Clinic, Dr Loop aims to pioneer a new approach towards the complete rejuvenation of the eyes.
The regular upper eyelid margin lies about 3 to 4 mm from the centre of the pupil. And when the distance drops to 2mm or lower, the patient has ptosis of the upper eyelid – also known as blepharoptosis. There are two types of ptosis repair: cosmetic ptosis surgery and functional ptosis surgery. Ultimately, both aim to elevate the upper eyelid!
Margan Kanyaka
The staff and Dr Looi were affable and professional. They were excellent in informing me of each part of the process and ensuring that I understood what was happening. Dr Looi was very willing to explain in layman and in medical terms what was occurring and in answering my nervous questions. I highly recommend this team in treating any issues with your eyes! You would be well taken care of, especially if you appreciate a personal touch.
Paul English
Excellent service, from Dr Looi and the nurses. All the tests were clearly explained and were done with a patience, even after several tries. I would go to this clinic if you have a worry or are anxious about something. As soon as you step in you have the feeling you are in good hands.
Website: https://avaeyeclinic.com/services/adult-ptosis-surgery
Contact: +65 6250 7377 | +65 6250 7477 | +65 9827 2353 (WhatsApp)
Location: Royal Square Medical Centre, Royal Square @ Novena, 101 Irrawaddy Road, #20-01, Singapore 329565
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-5.30PM l Sat 9AM-12.30PM l Closed on Sun & PH
Image Credit: W Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Located within the specialist centre at Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, W Aesthetic Plastic Surgery is a boutique clinic that provides personalised care and treatment to their patients, in a comfortable and private environment. To ensure patients receive the best services, Dr Wong Chin Ho is continually evolving his techniques and skills so that he can offer patients the best possible care.
As the proverb goes, the eyes are the mirror of the soul. As our personality and attitudes are expressed through our eyes, the upper eyelids have a significant impact on the appearance. At W Aesthetic, upper eyelid surgery is suited for two groups of patients: patients with an absent or poorly formed upper eyelid fold, and for patients with significant ageing of the upper eyelid. If you'd love to bring sparkle to your eyes while enhancing your appearance and vision, talk to the friendly team at W Aesthetic!
Miss Peeved
Extremely professional and top notch doctors. I've had the opportunity to see both Dr Wong and Dr Wang. Could not recommend more. Very dedicated and kind people. Totally ethical in the way they do business well. I had a medical emergency which needed stitching and I was never, at any time, asked to do additional cosmetic surgery or treatments. The clinic staff are also all very nice, especially the vivacious Ms Bella.
Website: https://www.waesthetics.com/asian_upper_eyelids.php
Location: Mount Elizabeth Novena, 38 Irrawaddy Road, #06-28/29, Singapore 329563
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-6.30PM l Sat 9AM-1PM l Closed on Sun
Image Credit: Specialist Eye & Eyelids Clinic
Specialist Eye & Eyelids Clinic offers a suite of services in both Eye Care and Aesthetics, that are all grounded firmly on a background of evidence-based practices and usage of safe medicine. Your needs will be assimilated with Dr Chuah Chin Tek's rich experience in the eye care field. As they are committed to providing you with nothing short of excellence, Dr Chuah and team are always on the lookout for opportunities to upgrade their knowledge and skills.
The treatment of ptosis usually involves surgery. Though it's conducted at a highly-delicate area, you can feel rest assured knowing that the outcome of such procedures is mostly successful! As it restores both function and appearance, you can use Medisave or insurance to cover the majority of the cost. So, if your ptosis is rather severe, you can seek appropriate help without worrying much about the financial aspect of the treatment!
Website: https://www.seedrchuah.com.sg/articles/droopy-eyelids
Location: Novena Medical Centre, 10 Sinaran Drive, #09-11, Singapore 307506
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-5.30PM l Sat 9AM-1PMl Closed on Sun & PH
Image Credit: Aesthetics & Reconstructive Centre
Headed by Dr Andrew Khoo, Aesthetics & Reconstructive centre offers a full range of plastic and reconstructive surgery services, which includes non-invasive, minimally invasive and surgical treatments for the eyes, nose, face, liposuction and body contouring. Dr Khoo employs only the most effective and ultra-modern plastic surgery techniques and pieces of equipment. Furthermore, his clinic is designed in a way to ensure comfort and discretion for the patient.
Dr Khoo will customise the treatment based on the condition of your eyelid, along with other factors like your age. The droopy eyelid surgery aims to remove fat and excess skin while adjusting the eyelid muscle. It's done under local anaesthesia and oral sedation. After, the eyelids will remain swollen for up to two weeks, and the stitches will be removed five days later. For more information, feel free to contact the clinic to know more!
Website: http://www.andrewkhoo.com/services/surgical-procedures/eyelid-surgery
Location: 3 Mount Elizabeth Road, #13-08, Singapore 228510
Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 9AM-6PM l Sat 9AM-1PM l Closed on Sun
With our list featuring the best clinics to get a droopy eyelid surgery, we hope it'll aid in informing your decision! As the saying goes, your eyes are the window to your soul. After undergoing this surgery, we hope it'll help you feel more intrinsically confident as you embrace your new look.
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This piece is loosely inspired by Johann Sebastian Bach's Prelude pour le Luth ò Cembal [Prelude, Fugue, and Allegro], BWV 998—a late composition seemingly intended for harpsichord, lute, or most especially lautenwerk (the "lute harpsichord"—apparently a personal favorite instrument of Bach). Prelude, Fughetta, and Allegro is dedicated to instrument builder Steven Sørli, whose work in resurrecting the lautenwerk (and especially the gut-strung clavicytherium/keyed lyre) has provided particularly suitable instruments for this sort of music.
The opening triple-meter prelude in Eb major is sunny and bright in character, with its arpeggiated textures evoking plucked strings. The spirit of the early Irish harp composer Turlough O'Carolan (1670–1738) can be felt particularly in this movement.
The fughetta begins in the relative minor (C), with a darker and more dissonantly chromatic character; however, it works through several keys to end in Eb major.
The concluding allegro returns to joyous mood of the opening movement (though its middle section returns again to C minor).
This work may be played on any keyboard instrument. While the harpsichord and organ are most ubiquitous, it is (like the Bach) very suitable for the lautenwerk. Performance on clavichord, harmonium, reed organ, piano, or even electronic keyboard are also possible. Small (cue-sized) notes are provided for instruments which have a larger compass keyboard and are to be employed when available.
Equal temperament is neither expected nor required.