text:
No correlation between Hall votes, true baseball elites
Opinion // Brian T. Smith
Brian T. Smith , Houston Chronicle Jan. 22, 2019 Updated: Jan. 23, 2019 8:12 a.m.
1of2Roger Clemens won his seventh Cy Young Award in 2004, the first of his three seasons with the Astros.Photo: Karen Warren, STAFF / HOUSTON CHRONICLE
2of2Barry Bonds won an unprecedented seven MVP awards over a career that saw him hit a record 762 home runs.Photo: M. Spencer Green, STF / AP
Harold Baines was greater than Barry Bonds?
Mike Mussina was more dominant than Roger Clemens?
Edgar Martinez (309 career home runs, .933 OPS) is a Hall of Famer, yet Lance Berkman (366 homers, .943 OPS) fell off the ballot after just one year?
And Mariano Rivera — obviously an all-time great — was a better baseball player than Hank Aaron, Babe Ruth, Willie Mays, Ted Williams, Ty Cobb, Greg Maddux and Nolan Ryan?
Baseball's Hall of Fame has become the Hall of Very Good. It also still has no idea what to do with Bonds and Clemens, two of the greatest (and most controversial) players of all time.
Rivera on Tuesday became the first player in the history of the grand old game to be voted into the Hall on 100 percent of the ballots. That also means the longtime New York Yankees closer is technically greater than Ken Griffey Jr., who received 99.32 percent of the vote in 2016.
Notice the modern trend?
No one was elected in 2013, when the dark cloud of MLB's messy steroid era first settled in. Since that year of reckoning, the gates have ironically spread wide open.
During the last six years, at least three players have been elected five times. Four (Roy Halladay, Rivera, Martinez and Mussina) were promised plaques of immortality Tuesday, and that's the third time in the last five years that a foursome has been granted entry to an increasingly watered-down Hall.
Want to have more fun with numbers?
Check out Mussina's staggering rise since 2014, the righthander's first year on the ballot.
In '14, Mussina was a Hall of Famer according to just 20.3 percent of voters. A year later, less than one quarter (24.6 percent) of voters believed Moose belonged in Cooperstown, N.Y. His totals rose the next two years, but even by 2017 only 51.8 percent wanted to hand Mussina (270 career wins, 3.68 ERA, 1.192 WHIP, six top-five finishes in American League Cy Young voting) a plaque.
Two years later, boom.
Mussina jumped from 51.8 percent to 76.7 percent, topping the entry percentages for Ferguson Jenkins, Ralph Kiner and Ivan Rodriguez.
Since 1936, the Hall normally allowed a couple of the all-time greats in with each election. There were multiple years when no one passed the test, while entry for a single player (Bob Gibson in 1981, Mays in '79, Williams in '66) was often the accepted norm.
It was the Hall of Fame, which mostly meant it was the Hall of Great.
Since 2013 — which followed a tainted era of inflated, insane numbers — 20 players have been voted in by the writers.
Martinez, who totaled only 2,247 hits and served mostly as a designated hitter, received a staggering 85.4 percent of the vote as part of the 2019 class, despite the fact he polled at only 36.2 percent his first year on the ballot and was stuck at 43.4 percent just three years ago.
Gibson won two Cy Youngs, was named the National League MVP in 1968 during his surreal 1.12 ERA season. and was twice named World Series MVP.
Guess what Gibson's vote percentage was when he entered the hallowed Hall.
That's right: 84 percent, which was lower than Martinez's.
Clemens earned just 59.5 percent of the vote in his seventh year on the ballot. Bonds polled at 59.1 percent. Both are slowly trending upward yet running out of time.
Very good but not great Curt Schilling (60.9 percent) outpolled a pitcher with seven Cy Youngs and a hitter with seven MVPs and 762 career home runs.
Players shadowed by steroid suspicion are already modern Hall of Famers. Baines — good for a long time, never close to great — was recently pushed through by a veterans committee.
Is the Hall foolishly going to allow Alex Rodriguez in but keep Bonds and Clemens out?
Baseball is more obsessed than ever with minutiae and numbers. But the Hall's real reckoning still awaits.
brian.smith@chron.com
twitter.com/chronbriansmith
Brian T. Smith is a sports columnist for the Houston Chronicle. He has won multiple Associated Press Sports Editors awards and been honored by numerous journalism organizations. Smith was a Houston Texans beat writer for the Chronicle from 2013-15 and an Astros beat writer from 2012-13. The New Orleans-area native previously covered the NBA's Utah Jazz (The Salt Lake Tribune) and Portland Trail Blazers (The Columbian), among other beats. He is the author of the book Liftoff, which documented the Astros' rebuild and 2017 World Series championship.
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Chardonnay is the most popular white wine in California.
In France, the great white Burgundies are made with the Chardonnay grape.
The Chardonnay grape is one of the primary grapes used in the production of Champagne.
Chardonnay is a medium to heavy bodied wine with fruit flavors of apples and pears. Vanilla and buttery flavors are imparted during the winemaking process. Chardonnay often has a creamy feel in the mouth. Other fruit flavors that may be present are peach, pineapple, floral, and lime.
Chardonnay matches well with grilled chicken, salmon, shellfish, halibut, and pastas served with a cream sauce such as Fettuccini Alfredo. Fresh cracked crab with Chardonnay is a terrific match.
The vanilla flavors in Chardonnay are the result of aging in oak barrels. The buttery favors of Chardonnay are the result of a secondary fermentation known as malolactic fermentation.
Some winemakers choose to avoid or limit malolactic fermentation in order to make the chardonnay a bit softer and fruitier. This seems to be more the norm these days, as winemakers choose to make a food friendly Chardonnay. Chateau Montelena is an example of a winery that does not allow malolactic fermentation to occur. Their Chardonnay is aged in French oak barrels for 6 to 8 months.
A few winemakers may choose to make a non-oaky and non-buttery Chardonnay by aging the Chardonnay grapes in stainless steel tanks with no malolactic fermentation. Hendry Winery in Napa bottles a Hendry Ranch Chardonnay made in this manner.
The best Chardonnays come from the cool growing climates such as the Green Valley or the Carneros Region.
The best Chardonnays have a delicate balance of fruit flavors with a soft oak flavors.


I dreamt that i was in the passenger side of my friends car, we were driving on a dirt road and i was supposed to be giving her directions. the road was curving but because i didnt tell her to curve left with the road. she went right into the shallow part of the lake and blamed me as if was my fault.
Okay so we were in school and my friend Cynthia and this popular dude. So we were casing her down the hallway and into Mrs. gonzales room but it was like at noon. So we went inside and got a pizza and then some how he asked me out and I said yes, So the. We told her and she freaked out and we holded hands but then it wasn't Cynthia anymore it was my other friend call Alyssa which I this she hid the pizza under her hoddie. He placed his head againts mine and I felt his fluffy hair. So then the settings change and we were in the lunch line holding has and my ex saw and got jealous.
Hello all! Recently I have been dealing with a lot of challenges. Friends and doctors keep telling me I should consider taking medicine, so I may as well interaction and see how it goes. Problem is, I haven't taken it for a while, and don't wanna get back to it, we'll see how it goes.
I saw a black cat lounging in the hallway and when I picked it up it had 2 faces. It was aggressive but was purring and I wasn't afraid of it, just amazed at it.


Joining the industry in 2002, Chris has carved out an incredible track record of success. He has reached over $1 billion in total sales, and for the last five years has been named the No. 1 Bayleys agent nationwide. And he's done it through honesty, dedication, extremely hard work and a relaxed yet highly professional approach.
Originally specialising in the lifestyle market, Chris had regular feedback from vendors in other parts of the market wanting the same style and service for their properties. So, 10 years ago he started to build a team of like-minded people and is now surrounded by Nathan, Sam and Sarah plus Felicity, Michele and Clare based in the office. Together they cover more ground and are able to achieve greater results for clients across Canterbury.
A remarkable result for a refreshingly down-to-earth agent and team, and a vote of confidence for anyone wishing to sell property in Canterbury or beyond.
Hard at work since 2002, Chris Jones has carved out an incredible track record of success. Since starting out in the lifestyle market he has reached over $1 billion in total sales, being named the No. 1 Bayleys agent nationwide (five years in a row). And the Chris Jones Team has been named the top team for the last three years in the country – of all companies – by REINZ.
Originally from a lifestyle property in North Canterbury, Sarah's rural background shines through in her grounded outlook and personable, highly motivated approach.
Sarah studied and worked in the interior design industry before beginning her real estate career. Her talent for aesthetics and eye for detail is now a signature strength that she puts to good use for vendors, skilfully presenting their homes for superior results.
Part of the highly successful Chris Jones Team, Sarah specialises in Christchurch residential sales. Energic and outgoing, Sarah understands urban market dynamics and uses leading marketing techniques including web-based media to achieve a premium outcome.
including Lincoln, Halswell, Wigram, Tai Tapu, Prebbleton and West Melton.
thousand properties of all kinds, at all ends of the market.
Having grown up on a sheep and beef farm, with a Bachelor of Commerce in Agriculture from Lincoln and experience as a farm manager, joining the Chris Jones Team to sell rural real estate in 2015 was a natural step forward for Sam.
Punctual, forward thinking and detail oriented, Sam uses his well-honed management skills together with his extensive knowledge of lifestyle property requirements to facilitate the buying and selling process. He is often found working alongside Chris to help deliver results for clients and assist with customer care.
Michele has been with Bayleys for over 5 years. Michele looks after all facets of real estate administration for Team Jones including the very important marketing tasks and liaising with clients on administrative and advertising elements.
Prior to joining Bayleys in late 2015 to take up the Team Jones residential and administration support role, Clare worked within real estate for over two years. Clare assists with all administration and marketing tasks during the campaign process of residential properties.
Felicity has been with Bayleys for 13 years in which time she has attained considerable knowledge in all aspects of real estate administration. In recent years she has assisted in the marketing and selling of several large scale residential developments. Felicity has an indepth knowledge of the industry and has several aspects to her role including the Team Jones office manager.


Overlooking the Caldera and Aspronisi Island, the traditionally built Aspronisi Luxury Villa offers elegantly decorated, self-catering accommodation in Megalochori Village. It features an outdoor hot tub with panoramic views, while free WiFi is available throughout. Opening to a terrace with sea views , the air-conditioned Aspronisi Luxury Villa with Caldera View includes a fully equipped kitchen with dining area, and a living room with a satellite TV. It also features 2 bathrooms with free toiletries, slippers and hairdryer. The property is 5 km from the airport. Airport shuttle can be arranged directly by the property and charges may apply. Free private parking is possible on site.
13 % VAT is included. € 0.50 City tax per stay is included. € 0.50 government tax per night is excluded.
Please inform Aspronisi Luxury Villa with Caldera View in advance of your expected arrival time. You can use the Special Requests box when booking, or contact the property directly with the contact details provided in your confirmation.


text:
Q: Dropwizard integration with hibernate envers I want to implement audit functionality to the table data. Hibernate Envers provides that feature.
But I couldn't add that to dropwizard, Have anyone done that.
Does dropwizard-hibernate supports this kind of auditing features?
My Gradle config
  'io.dropwizard:dropwizard-core:' + dropwizardVersion,
  'io.dropwizard:dropwizard-hibernate:' + dropwizardVersion,
  'io.dropwizard:dropwizard-migrations:' + dropwizardVersion,
  'io.dropwizard:dropwizard-testing:' + dropwizardVersion,
  'io.dropwizard:dropwizard-auth:' + dropwizardVersion,
  'com.hubspot.dropwizard:dropwizard-guice:0.8.0',
  'org.hibernate:hibernate-core:4.3.11.Final',
  'org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:1.0.0.Final',
  'org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:4.3.11.Final',
  'org.hibernate:hibernate-envers:4.3.11.Final',

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Wilfully Obscure: Shovels in my hand from digging for your pain.
Thanks much. I liked the many uptempo tracks. The few downtempo tracks were just "ok" to me. Personal preference, no doubt.
i see you how you may have come to that conclusion. Definitely a bit of a grower.


This bracelet is available in four bracelet lengths, 17cm, 19cm, 21cm or 23cm in circumference. To take the bracelet on or off your wrist, simply double wrap the bracelet, then align the key-hook with the hole within the clasp and secure. Less is More.


text:
Giocava nel ruolo di centrale.

Carriera
Nata a Dąbrowa Tarnowska ma vissuta sempre a Tarnów, Agata Mróz proviene da una famiglia di sportivi; entrambi i genitori da giovani sono stati impegnati del mondo dello sport così come i suoi fratelli: Katarzyna Mróz, anche lei pallavolista e Paweł Mróz, giocatore di pallacanestro.

Inizia a giocare fin da bambina a pallavolo e nel 1995 entra a far parte del Tarnovia Tarnów, dove resta per due stagioni, mentre nel 1997 passa al  dove resta per tre stagioni. Nel 2000 è costretta ad interrompere la propria attività agonistica a causa di una leucemia: dopo un lungo periodo di cure ritornerà sui campi da gioco solamente nel 2002, ingaggiata da una squadra di serie inferiore, l'AZS KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski con il quale disputa un ottimo campionato. Al termine della stagione, quasi da sconosciuta, suscita scalpore la sua convocazione in nazionale, anche se aveva già ottenuto diverse sporadiche chiamate dal 1997: con la nazionale vince la medaglia d'oro al campionato europeo e partecipa alla Coppa del Mondo.

La stagione successiva viene acquistata dal Bialski Klub Sportowy di Bielsko-Biała, squadra militante nella massima serie polacca e con la quale in tre stagioni vincerà un campionato polacco e due Coppe di Polonia. Con la nazionale vince nuovamente la medaglia d'oro al campionato europeo del 2005: il 22 novembre dello stesso anno viene premiata dal presidente Aleksander Kwaśniewski con la croce d'oro al merito per il suo contributo allo sport.

Nel 2006 si trasferisce in Spagna, ingaggiata dal Club Atlético Voleibol Murcia 2005: la stagione si rivela ricca di successi con la vittoria del campionato, della Coppa della Regina, della Supercoppa spagnola e coronata con una affermazione in campo europeo con il successo nella Top Teams Cup.

Al termine della stagione, dopo essersi sposata con Jacka Olszewskiego, annuncia il suo ritiro dall'attività agonistica a causa di una sindrome mielodisplasica; il 12 gennaio 2008 annuncia di aspettare un bambino, che nascerà prematuramente il 4 aprile 2008 per l'aggravarsi delle sue condizioni di salute. Il 22 maggio 2008 si sottopone con successo ad un trapianto di midollo osseo, ma quattordici giorni dopo, il 4 giugno 2008, a causa di uno shock settico, muore a soli 26 anni. A seguito della sua morte il presidente Lech Kaczyński le assegnò la croce di cavaliere dell'Ordine della Polonia Restituta per lo sport ed il suo atteggiamento contro una malattia incurabile: il marito però rifiutò. Nel 2009 le è stato intitolato un palazzetto dello sport, prima volta che una struttura viene dedicata ad una pallavolista.

Palmarès

Club

2003-04

2006-07

2003-04, 2005-06

2006-07

2006

2006-07

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: what is the default index value in array? i came across a code in java that doesn't have a array initialization. when there is an increment in the value,it changes to 1.
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.regex.*;

public class Solution {
  public static void main(String args[]){
    int ar1[] = new int[26];
    String first="abc";

    for (int i = 0; i < first.length(); i++) {
      ar1[first.charAt(i) - 'a']++;
      System.out.println(ar1[i]);
    }

  }

}

the output is 1
1
1. how does that happen

A: The default value is zero.
ar1[first.charAt(i) - 'a']++; increments the value which corresponds to the particular letter. What it basically does is count the frequency of letters in a string.
in abc,  a is ar[0], b is ar1[1], and so on


ACA 6th Anniversary: Good Riddance!
The final deadline to sign up for coverage is almost here. Consumers have to sign up for 2016 coverage by January 31, 2016. Here are a few fast facts about getting covered through HealthCare.gov: It's not as expensive as you think.
© Copyright 2019 CPPP Blog. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Row to Rio: Rising to the Occasion in the Men's Pair
by Andrew Rainville, Andrew@usrowing.org | Jun 30, 2016
Immediately christened the "Bear Pair" after crushing the Mercer Lake course record at 2016 U.S. Olympic Team Trials II, Nareg Guregian (North Hills, Calif.) and Anders Weiss (Barrington, R.I.) now have their eyes set on Rio.
Immediately christened the "Bear Pair" after crushing the Mercer Lake course record at 2016 U.S. Olympic Team Trials II, Nareg Guregian (North Hills, Calif.) and Anders Weiss (Barrington, R.I.) now have their eyes set on Rio. The California Golden Bear (Guregian) and the Brown Bear (Weiss) decisively beat a field of veteran oarsmen which held two Olympians and all former national team members.
Now, the pair will begin to prepare for the ultimate the test: the 2016 Olympic Games. Hear what they had to say about winning Trials.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Orchard cms works slowly I have downloaded the newest version of orchard project from official repository at bitbucket in order to learn about it.
Unfortunately I have a performance issue. When I run the backend of Orchard CMS it works slowly.
Is there any way to fix that?

A: I'v solved the problem by installing Cache module.
http://gallery.orchardproject.net/List/Modules/Orchard.Module.Contrib.Cache


Barbados - Radiation Protection Act (Cap. 353A).
Name: Radiation Protection Act (Cap. 353A).
Abstract/Citation: Act adopted to give effect to Art. 10 the Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115) concerning "the notification in a manner prescribed thereby of work involving exposure of workers to ionising radiations in the course of their work".


Advanced Micro Devices has released the first hardware specifications to get its AMD Live! consumer-electronics plan up and running, although the vision will have to wait until at least 2007 to be realized.
AMD executives said this week that the technology would roll out in at least two phases, the first one of which may be delivered in 2007.
Strategically, AMD's Live! technology also represents a counterpoint to Intel's "Viiv" – the two words even rhyme. Both words encapsulate a grand strategy to insinuate their own technologies in front of the user, making them the entry point to the digital home.
AMD. This week, Intel has crafted its stage at the Intel Developer Forum to discuss Viiv, while AMD executives discussed their Live! technology in briefings with reporters.
First disclosed at the CES show this past January, AMD's Live! is actually a software innovation, a piece of middleware the company is developing for set-top boxes and other consumer devices that may or may not have have AMD silicon inside of them. The technology would let a set-top box overlay PC elements or a GUI on top of the display; an example used by Teresa de Onis, AMD's Athlon64 brand manager, would run NASCAR's interactive TrackPath application on top of the video itself.
The description subtly distinguishes Live! from the concept of a Media PC, which treats the video stream as just another multimedia object. Live! does not want the PC as part of the critical path, de Onis said. It's a conceptual idea that AMD is working hard to deliver, using sports broadcasts and online shopping as key applications, she said.
This week, AMD released its preliminary specifications for a Live! enabled PC. Although the technology itself is advanced, the specifications describe a fairly typical next-generation PC: either a dual-core Athloxn X2 microprocessor or FX chip; either a Media Center Edition or Vista operating system; a Serial ATA hard drive or RAID array; either a single or dual-GPU graphics card that can run the basic "Aero" interface of Vista; and a low-RPM power supply, required to eliminate the noise that might interfere with the television experience.
Interestingly, the Live! specifications do not describe the interface that will be used to connect the PC to the set-top box. A certified 802.11 Wi-Fi connection is listed as an option, and de Onis said that manufacturers will have the choice of selecting which technology will be used.
The first phase in AMD's Live! vision, however, will simply be to get people to use their Media Center PCs as they're supposed to. AMD's de Onis said that company has performed studies that found that users only took advantage of a fraction of their capabilities. From there, the company will work to push photos and digital content the user already owns – such as digital photos from a camera — around the home. This first phase won't happen for at least another year, she said.
AMD executives offered few other news bits, besides an emphasis to focus the industry on the power used by enterprise-class CPUs in the server space. Four-core enterprise chips will be delivered in 2007. AMD will reveal its logos for the Live! program on Thursday.
As AMD has said previously, De Onis reported that the company would deliver AMD AM2 processors during the second quarter. The shift to a new, incompatible pinout will mean that new motherboards will be required for the new generation of processors, which will contain an integrated DDR-2 memory controller.
Likewise, AMD will launch its dual-core Turion64 X2 processors in the second quarter, David Rooney, AMD's Turion64 brand manager, said. A complementary Turion64 X2 logo will also be announced, he said.


text:
<?php
namespace PHPSTORM_META {

   /**
    * PhpStorm Meta file, to provide autocomplete information for PhpStorm
    * Generated on 2016-08-06.
    *
    * @author Barry vd. Heuvel <barryvdh@gmail.com>
    * @see https://github.com/barryvdh/laravel-ide-helper
    */
    $STATIC_METHOD_TYPES = [
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            '' == '@',
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            'Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\ResponseFactory' instanceof \Illuminate\Routing\ResponseFactory,
            'Illuminate\Contracts\Http\Kernel' instanceof \Beacon\Api\Http\Kernel,
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            'cookie' instanceof \Illuminate\Cookie\CookieJar,
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            'encrypter' instanceof \Illuminate\Encryption\Encrypter,
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            'filesystem.disk' instanceof \Illuminate\Filesystem\FilesystemAdapter,
            'session' instanceof \Illuminate\Session\SessionManager,
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            'Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession' instanceof \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession,
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            'view.finder' instanceof \Illuminate\View\FileViewFinder,
            'view' instanceof \Illuminate\View\Factory,
            'modules' instanceof \Pingpong\Modules\Repository,
            'Pingpong\Modules\Contracts\RepositoryInterface' instanceof \Pingpong\Modules\Repository,
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            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentAuthCode' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentAuthCode,
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            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentScope' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentScope,
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            'League\OAuth2\Server\Storage\AuthCodeInterface' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentAuthCode,
            'League\OAuth2\Server\Storage\AccessTokenInterface' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentAccessToken,
            'League\OAuth2\Server\Storage\RefreshTokenInterface' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Storage\FluentRefreshToken,
            'oauth2-server.authorizer' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Authorizer,
            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\CheckAuthCodeRequestMiddleware' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\CheckAuthCodeRequestMiddleware,
            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthMiddleware' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthMiddleware,
            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthClientOwnerMiddleware' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthClientOwnerMiddleware,
            'LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthUserOwnerMiddleware' instanceof \LucaDegasperi\OAuth2Server\Middleware\OAuthUserOwnerMiddleware,
            'command.eloquence:rebuild' instanceof \Eloquence\Commands\RebuildCaches,
            'Barryvdh\Cors\Stack\CorsService' instanceof \Barryvdh\Cors\Stack\CorsService,
            'League\Fractal\Manager' instanceof \League\Fractal\Manager,
            'Beacon\Api\Core\Repositories\PersonRepositoryInterface' instanceof \Beacon\Api\Core\Repositories\PersonRepository,
            'Beacon\Api\Authentication\Services\OAuth2\Server\Verifier\PasswordGrant' instanceof \Beacon\Api\Authentication\Services\OAuth2\Server\Verifier\PasswordGrant,
            'translation.loader' instanceof \Illuminate\Translation\FileLoader,
            'translator' instanceof \Illuminate\Translation\Translator,
            'blade.compiler' instanceof \Illuminate\View\Compilers\BladeCompiler,
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            'command.policy.make' instanceof \Illuminate\Foundation\Console\PolicyMakeCommand,
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            'command.queue.table' instanceof \Illuminate\Queue\Console\TableCommand,
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            'command.test.make' instanceof \Illuminate\Foundation\Console\TestMakeCommand,
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text:
Ch 5: Digital Signal Processing
Amplitude Quantization
The Sampling Theorem says that if we sample a bandlimited signal
fast enough, it can be recovered without error from its samples
. Sampling is only the first phase of acquiring data into a computer: Computational processing further requires that the samples be quantized: analog values are converted into digital form. In short, we will have performed analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion.
Figure 1. A three-bit A/D converter assigns voltage in the range
to one of eight integers between 0 and 7. For example, all inputs having values lying between 0.5 and 0.75 are assigned the integer value six and, upon conversion back to an analog value, they all become 0.625. The width of a single quantization interval
. The bottom panel shows a signal going through the analog-to-digital converter, where
is the number of bits used in the A/D conversion process (3 in the case depicted here). First it is sampled, then amplitude-quantized to three bits. Note how the sampled signal waveform becomes distorted after amplitude quantization. For example the two signal values between 0.5 and 0.75 become 0.625. This distortion is irreversible; it can be reduced (but not eliminated) by using more bits in the A/D converter.
A phenomenon reminiscent of the errors incurred in representing numbers on a computer prevents signal amplitudes from being converted with no error into a binary number representation. In analog-to-digital conversion, the signal is assumed to lie within a predefined range. Assuming we can scale the signal without affecting the information it expresses, we'll define this range to be
. Furthermore, the A/D converter assigns amplitude values in this range to a set of integers. A
-bit converter produces one of the integers
for each sampled input. Figure shows how a three-bit A/D converter assigns input values to the integers. We define a quantization interval to be the range of values assigned to the same integer. Thus, for our example three-bit A/D converter, the quantization interval
; in general, it is
Recalling the plot of average daily highs in this frequency domain problem, why is this plot so jagged? Interpret this effect in terms of analog-to-digital conversion.
The plotted temperatures were quantized to the nearest degree. Thus, the high temperature's amplitude was quantized as a form of A/D conversion.
Because values lying anywhere within a quantization interval are assigned the same value for computer processing, the original amplitude value cannot be recovered without error. Typically, the D/A converter, the device that converts integers to amplitudes, assigns an amplitude equal to the value lying halfway in the quantization interval. The integer 6 would be assigned to the amplitude 0.625 in this scheme. The error introduced by converting a signal from analog to digital form by sampling and amplitude quantization then back again would be half the quantization interval for each amplitude value. Thus, the so-called A/D error equals half the width of a quantization interval:
. As we have fixed the input-amplitude range, the more bits available in the A/D converter, the smaller the quantization error.
To analyze the amplitude quantization error more deeply, we need to compute the signal-to-noise ratio, which equals the ratio of the signal power and the quantization error power. Assuming the signal is a sinusoid, the signal power is the square of the rms amplitude:
. The illustration details a single quantization interval.
Figure 2. A single quantization interval is shown, along with a typical signal's value before amplitude quantization
and after
denotes the error thus incurred.
Its width is
and the quantization error is denoted by
. To find the power in the quantization error, we note that no matter into which quantization interval the signal's value falls, the error will have the same characteristics. To calculate the rms value, we must square the error and average it over the interval.
Since the quantization interval width for a
-bit converter equals
, we find that the signal-to-noise ratio for the analog-to-digital conversion process equals
Thus, every bit increase in the A/D converter yields a 6 dB increase in the signal-to-noise ratio. The constant term
equals 1.76.
This derivation assumed the signal's amplitude lay in the range
. What would the amplitude quantization signal-to-noise ratio be if it lay in the range
The signal-to-noise ratio does not depend on the signal amplitude. With an A/D range of
, the quantization interval
and the signal's rms value (again assuming it is a sinusoid) is
How many bits would be required in the A/D converter to ensure that the maximum amplitude quantization error was less than 60 db smaller than the signal's peak value?
bits.
Music on a CD is stored to 16-bit accuracy. To what signal-to-noise ratio does this correspond?
A 16-bit A/D converter yields a SNR of
Once we have acquired signals with an A/D converter, we can process them using digital hardware or software. It can be shown that if the computer processing is linear, the result of sampling, computer processing, and unsampling is equivalent to some analog linear system. Why go to all the bother if the same function can be accomplished using analog techniques? Knowing when digital processing excels and when it does not is an important issue.


Many would have you believe that sprites (or "fairies" as they're often called) are sweet and pretty and ultimately peaceful creatures. But don't let the carefree nature of these dazzling beguilers fool you. Because while they do make for awesome pets (or, if you prefer, companions), these are not creatures to be handled lightly. So forget everything you know -- or think you know -- about sprites, and listen to the experts from the International Sprite League as they, with the assistance of the creative team that brought you the bestselling Spiderwick Chronicles, provide a resource that will prove to be as essential for the novice sprite keeper as a strong cage and eyes in the back of his or her head.


ST. CLOUD -- A Stearns County judge has agreed to a lesser sentence for a woman who provided the drug responsible for killing a man despite prosecutors' objections.
Judge Sarah Hennesy sentenced 36-year-old Amy Lauer to seven years in prison but Lauer won't serve any of the prison time if she abides by the proabtion set forth for the next 25 years.
Lauer pleaded guilty to 3rd degree murder after a drug overdose last spring. Lauer was accused of giving the narcotic Fentanyl to Ryan Stirling Boen last April.
Stirling Boen was found unresponsive in a home in the 1000 block of 22nd Avenue North on April 20th, 2016. Court records show an autopsy determined the 33-year-old St. Cloud man had died of drug toxicity related to Fentanyl consumption.
Through their investigation, police say Lauer illegally gave Stirling Boen the drugs.


Below you fill find all funeral homes and cemeteries in or near Orange.
Suburbs of Orange: Blissville, Eagleville, Lake Mattawa, N Orange, New Salem, North Orange, Warwick.
Zip codes in the city: 01355, 01364, 01378.
It was revealed by Daily Hampshire Gazette on July 27th, 2017 that Christine J Kowacki (Jepsen) passed on in Orange, Massachusetts. Ms. Kowacki was 65 years old. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Christine J's life.
It was revealed by Klamath Falls Herald and News on May 18th, 2017 that Rita F Scott died in Oregon. Scott was 88 years old and was born in Orange, MA. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Rita F's life.
It was written by Daily Hampshire Gazette on May 10th, 2017 that Clifford J "Jack" Forster died in Orange, Massachusetts. Forster was 89 years old. Send flowers to share your condolences and honor Clifford J "Jack"'s life.
It was written by Cincinnati Enquirer and Cincinnati Post on April 23rd, 2017 that Marjorie Ferrari died in Cincinnati, Ohio. Ferrari was 93 years old and was born in Orange, MA. Send flowers to share your condolences and honor Marjorie's life.
It was disclosed by Daily Hampshire Gazette on November 30th, 2016 that Alan K Lego passed away in Orange, Massachusetts. Lego was 79 years old. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Alan K's life.
It was written by Burlington Free Press on January 27th, 2015 that Bernard Louis Newton perished in Berlin, Vermont. Newton was 88 years old and was born in Orange, MA. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Bernard Louis's life.
It was reported by Worcester Telegram & Gazette on August 1st, 2014 that Mary Lou Schwab (Murphy) passed away in Orange, Massachusetts. Ms. Schwab was 78 years old. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Mary Lou's life.
It was noted by Cincinnati Enquirer and Cincinnati Post on November 3rd, 2013 that Joseph R Sr Ferrari passed away in Cincinnati, Ohio. Ferrari was 89 years old and was born in Orange, MA. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Joseph R Sr's life.
It was reported by Worcester Telegram & Gazette on July 16th, 2013 that Jack Davidson passed on in Orange, Massachusetts. Davidson was 80 years old. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Jack's life.
It was disclosed by Salem Evening News on May 4th, 2013 that Ernest W Jr Holmes passed on in Orange, Massachusetts. Holmes was 81 years old. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Ernest W Jr's life.
Orange is a New England town in Franklin County, Massachusetts County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Springfield, Massachusetts metropolitan area Statistical Area.
Orange was first settled in 1746, and was officially incorporated in 1810. The population was 7,518 at the 2000 census. In 1900, it was home to the pioneer automobile company Grout (automobile) . .
The official website for the city of Orange is http://www.norwoodma.gov/.
Witty's Funeral Home, Orange, MA : Reviews and maps - Yahoo! Local, 978.544.3160. Get Ratings, Reviews, Photos and more on Yahoo! Local.
Cole, Jeffrey G - Witty's Funeral Home, Orange, MA : Reviews and maps - Yahoo! Local, 978.544.3160. Get Ratings, Reviews, Photos and more on Yahoo! Local.
We work with local florists and flower shops to offer same day delivery. You will find budget sympathy flowers in Orange here. Our funeral flowers are cheap in price but not in value.


text:
Ariana Grande reveals extent of 'terrifying' PTSD after Manchester Arena bombing
The One Last Time singer shared a brain scan highlighting the extent of her PTSD
Emilia BonaContent Editor
Rebecca Day
(Image: Kevin Winter/Getty Images)
Singer Ariana Grande has taken to Instagram to share a brain scan highlighting the 'terrifying' extent of PTSD she is suffering after the Manchester Arena attack.
The worrying photo shows how the One Last Time singer continues to struggle with the condition two years on from the attack at her concert.
Posting the scan on her Instagram story, it shows areas of the 25-year-old's brain lit up indicating high stress levels.
Ariana Grande shared this brain scan to show the PTSD she continues to suffer following the Manchester Arena attack
She shared the scan alongside other 'healthy' brain scans to show the state of her PTSD following the terror attack in May 2017.
Ariana called the scans 'hilarious and terrifying' adding that her ongoing battle with PTSD is 'not a joke'.
The highlighted areas of the scan indicated stress levels related to PTSD activity, showing how much of a lasting impact the bombing has had on the singer.
A bomb blast after Ariana Grande's 2017 Manchester show left 22 innocent people dead - many of them young girls who had come to see the pop star perform.
Ariana Grande (BBC TV Screengrab)
The One Last Time singer has opened up in the past about the impact of the attack on her mental health, telling British Vogue: "It's hard to talk about because so many people have suffered such severe, tremendous loss. But, yeah, it's a real thing," she said.
"I know those families and my fans, and everyone there experienced a tremendous amount of it as well.
"Time is the biggest thing. I feel like I shouldn't even be talking about my own experience – like I shouldn't even say anything. I don't think I'll ever know how to talk about it and not cry."
Cheshire police officer Detective Constable Elaine McIver from Frodsham and 14-year-old Nell Jones from Holmes Chapel were among the victims of the attack.
Abbey Gate talent show raises funds for charity set up in wake of Manchester bombing
Husband of Manchester bomb victim storms out of pre-inquest hearing
CoronavirusVisit to Macclesfield Forest costs Manchester friends £1,000It was an expensive trip for the trio


While the 458 Speciale might be the highlight of the show, the Ferrari stand at the 65th Frankfurt International Motor Show is packed with stars. The new special series produced at Maranello rounds off the most extensive and exclusive range in the history of Ferrari. Alongside the 458 Speciale can be found the F12berlinetta with Ferro Met bodywork and black interior, as well as the 458 Spider in Nero Stellato and Sabbia interior, which represents the sports heritage of the Prancing Horse with its interpretation of the classic front-mid mounted V12 and the equally symbolic rear mounted V8 "en plein air." The GT spirit is evoked by the California30, a convertible that marries performance and versatility. The car on the stand sports Bianco Italia bodywork and a Nero Daytona cockpit, flanked by the four-seater, four-wheel drive FF, in Rosso Maranello,with a panoramic glass roof.
The models on the stand are proof positive of constant investment into product development: in the past 5 years, 1,400 million Euro has been spent, while the forecast for the next five year period is for a 2,000 million Euro spend. These figures do not include investments in Formula One, the technological advances and knowledge from which are routinely transferred to production models, with the new car being unveiled today the perfect case in point. The range is also technically at the forefront when it comes to environmental responsibility. The investment in emissions and fuel consumption reduction has resulted in average power output being boosted by 100cv over the past five year, while slashing a massive 40% off CO2 emissions.
The business strategy, which today sees Ferrari present on 62 markets, focuses strongly on retaining its signature exclusivity to protect the brand and the value of the cars, while offering a range of unique, excellence-oriented service. These include the Tailor Made service for clients wishing to personalise their cars to a truly bespoke standard. The Tailor Made atelier has its own area on the show stand, featuring an FF in Grigio Abu Dhabi with detailing in vintage Grigio Ferro Met. The cabin boasts a luxury trim that encompasses buttery-soft "Soul Aretha" Frau leather in warm, deep hues, and also "Solaro", a stunningly refined, elegant tailoring fabric with a wonderfully opulent, iridescent finish. Wood trim (teak and ash) and L-pattern stitching further enhance the unique allure of this car.


text:
Show Press Releases - Ireland
Show preview: showcasing growing opportunities for on-farm renewables
Ireland has committed to producing at least 16% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020 and the next Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) is said to be fully aligned with the need to prioritise climate action. Farmers looking to benefit from green initiatives are being urged to attend Energy and Rural Business Show, taking place at Hub at Cillin Hill, Kilkenny on 23 and 24 October 2019.
Opportunity to reduce carbon emissions and boost farm incomes
PJ McCarthy, chairman of the Renewable Gas Forum Ireland (RGFI) and Seán Finan CEO of the Irish Bioenergy Association (IrBEA), are among the speakers who will outline plans to deploy up to 25 medium t ...
Unlock the potential of your farm through diversification
Irish farmers looking to unlock the full potential of their farms are urged to attend Energy and Rural Business Show Ireland, the one stop shop for practical advice on rural diversification and renewable energy.
Energy and diversification event showcases how to maximise farm grant payments
The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) which operates the renewable heat scheme and is the keynote sponsor for the show, will be on hand to explain how it works. Ray Langton, SEAI programm ...
Leading renewable energy show returns with dedicated farm diversification advice
Run in association with the Irish Farming Association (IFA) and Teagasc, and taking place at the The Hub at Cillin Hill, Kilkenny on 23 and 24 October 2019, Energy and Rural Business Show Ireland is t ...
Energetic speaker line-up for Energy Now Expo Ireland
WITH a stellar line-up of speakers all committed to taking part in the forthcoming Energy Now Expo Ireland, held in association with the Irish Farmers' Association and Teagasc, the two-day event is shaping up to be this year's foremost expo for farmers and landowners who are interested in the merits of sustainable technologies.
Agri event set to showcase sustainable technologies
Energy Now Expo Ireland returns to Kilkenny this October
TAKING place on the 24th and 25th October 2018, the second Energy Now Expo Ireland is returning to Kilkenny following the huge success of the inaugural event last year.
Expert speaker line-up announced for Energy Now Expo Ireland
TAKING place on the 25th and 26th October 2017 in Kilkenny, the inaugural Energy Now Expo Ireland has been designed to introduce Irish farmers and landowners to the benefits and cost-savings that can be derived from renewable technologies.
The Hub chosen as venue for inaugural Energy Now Expo Ireland Event
Kilkenny's The Hub has been selected as the host venue for the first-ever Energy Expo Now Ireland - a show that has been designed to introduce Irish farmers and landowners to the benefits and cost-savings that can be derived from renewable technologies.


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RI Personal Injury Lawyer Shares Back to School Safety Tips on The Rhode Show
The Rhode Show
by Adam Simpson | August 29th, 2013
Injury lawyer provides top back to school safety tips for Rhode Island families, unveils new website.
Providence, R.I. – August 29, 2013 – Providence personal injury attorney Mike Bottaro appeared on The Rhode Show earlier this week to provide back to school tips to local Rhode Island families. Attorney Bottaro spoke about transportation safety and the importance of early preparation for parents and children.
During his segment, Attorney Bottaro reminded all parents of the importance of transportation safety during the school year. Whether children walk or bike to school, ride the bus, or ride to school with a parent, there are certain safety precautions that must be taken.
Attorney Bottaro's safety advice applies to all drivers, not just parents. Due to increased pedestrian traffic near school zones during morning and after-school hours, all motorists must be vigilant to prevent accidents and injuries.
"As a new school year approaches, it's important to remind parents and all drivers about back to school safety tips," said Attorney Mike Bottaro, owner of The Bottaro Law Firm in Cranston, R.I. "By following these simple steps, we can ensure a safe and enjoyable school year for all Rhode Island children."
The Bottaro Law Firm now has a new website to better serve Rhode Island's injury victims. The new site offers more free resources, including a collection of safety-themed infographics and links to government sites, advocacy groups, and other helpful resources for those involved in Rhode Island car accidents and other personal injury cases.
About The Bottaro Law Firm
Mike Bottaro is a local Rhode Island personal injury lawyer and founder of The Bottaro Law Firm in Cranston, R.I. Attorney Bottaro's legal ability and high ethical standards have earned him an AV rating, "a significant rating accomplishment – a testament to the fact that a lawyer's peers rank him or her at the highest level of professional excellence," according to martindale.com. Attorney Bottaro has been helping injured victims obtain compensation through expert legal assistance for the last thirteen years. The Bottaro Law Firm's Rhode Island personal injury lawyers serve clients throughout Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts. The firm's practice areas include general personal injury, car accidents, motorcycle accidents, medical malpractice and more. Injured individuals can request a free consultation by calling 1-866-LAW-9700 or visiting www.bottarolaw.com.
Get Help Today
Fill out this form to request a free initial consultation.


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