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West Virginia Code
CHAPTER 1. THE STATE AND ITS SUBDIVISIONS. CHAPTER 2. COMMON LAW, STATUTES, LEGAL HOLIDAYS, DEFINITIONS AND LEGAL CAPACITY. CHAPTER 3. ELECTIONS. CHAPTER 4. THE LEGISLATURE. CHAPTER 5. GENERAL POWERS AND AUTHORITY OF THE GOVERNOR, SECRETARY OF STATE AND ATTORNEY GENERAL; BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS; MISCELLANEOUS AGENCIES, COMMISSIONS, OFFICES, PROGRAMS, ETC. CHAPTER 5A. DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION. CHAPTER 5B. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1985. CHAPTER 5C. BASIC ASSISTANCE FOR INDUSTRY AND TRADE. CHAPTER 5D. PUBLIC ENERGY AUTHORITY ACT. CHAPTER 5E. VENTURE CAPITAL COMPANY. CHAPTER 5F. REORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF STATE GOVERNMENT. CHAPTER 5G. PROCUREMENT OF ARCHITECT-ENGINEER SERVICES BY STATE AND ITS SUBDIVISIONS. CHAPTER 5H. SURVIVOR BENEFITS. CHAPTER 6. GENERAL PROVISIONS RESPECTING OFFICERS. CHAPTER 6A. EXECUTIVE AND JUDICIAL SUCCESSION. CHAPTER 6B. PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES; ETHICS; CONFLICTS OF INTEREST; FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE. CHAPTER 6C. PUBLIC EMPLOYEES. CHAPTER 6D. PUBLIC CONTRACTS. CHAPTER 7. COUNTY COMMISSIONS AND OFFICERS. CHAPTER 7A. CONSOLIDATED LOCAL GOVERNMENT. CHAPTER 8. MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS. CHAPTER 8A. LAND USE PLANNING. CHAPTER 9. HUMAN SERVICES. CHAPTER 9A. VETERANS' AFFAIRS. CHAPTER 10. PUBLIC LIBRARIES; PUBLIC RECREATION; ATHLETIC ESTABLISHMENTS; MONUMENTS AND MEMORIALS; ROSTER OF SERVICEMEN; EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING AUTHORITY. CHAPTER 11. TAXATION. CHAPTER 11A. COLLECTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF PROPERTY TAXES. CHAPTER 11B. DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE. CHAPTER 12. PUBLIC MONEYS AND SECURITIES. CHAPTER 13. PUBLIC BONDED INDEBTEDNESS. CHAPTER 14. CLAIMS DUE AND AGAINST THE STATE. CHAPTER 15. PUBLIC SAFETY. CHAPTER 15A. DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY AFFAIRS AND PUBLIC SAFETY. CHAPTER 16. PUBLIC HEALTH. CHAPTER 16A. MEDICAL CANNABIS ACT. CHAPTER 17. ROADS AND HIGHWAYS. CHAPTER 17A. MOTOR VEHICLE ADMINISTRATION, REGISTRATION, CERTIFICATE OF TITLE, AND ANTITHEFT PROVISIONS. CHAPTER 17B. MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVER'S LICENSES. CHAPTER 17C. TRAFFIC REGULATIONS AND LAWS OF THE ROAD. CHAPTER 17D. MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY LAW. CHAPTER 17E. UNIFORM COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE ACT. CHAPTER 17F. ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES. CHAPTER 17G. RACIAL PROFILING DATA COLLECTION ACT. CHAPTER 18. EDUCATION. CHAPTER 18A. SCHOOL PERSONNEL. CHAPTER 18B. HIGHER EDUCATION. CHAPTER 18C. STUDENT LOANS; SCHOLARSHIPS AND STATE AID. CHAPTER 19. AGRICULTURE. CHAPTER 20. NATURAL RESOURCES. CHAPTER 20A. WATER RESOURCES (REPEALED). CHAPTER 21. LABOR CHAPTER 21A. UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION. CHAPTER 22. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES. CHAPTER 22A. MINERS' HEALTH, SAFETY AND TRAINING. CHAPTER 22B. ENVIRONMENTAL BOARDS. CHAPTER 22C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES; BOARDS, AUTHORITIES, COMMISSIONS AND COMPACTS. CHAPTER 23. WORKERS' COMPENSATION. CHAPTER 24. PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION. CHAPTER 24A. COMMERCIAL MOTOR CARRIERS. CHAPTER 24B. GAS PIPELINE SAFETY. CHAPTER 24C. UNDERGROUND FACILITIES DAMAGE PREVENTION. CHAPTER 24D. CABLE TELEVISION. CHAPTER 24E. STATEWIDE ADDRESSING AND MAPPING. CHAPTER 24F. VETERANS' GRAVE MARKERS. CHAPTER 25. DIVISION OF CORRECTIONS. CHAPTER 26. STATE BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. CHAPTER 27. MENTALLY ILL PERSONS. CHAPTER 28. STATE CORRECTIONAL AND PENAL INSTITUTIONS. CHAPTER 29. MISCELLANEOUS BOARDS AND OFFICERS. CHAPTER 29A. STATE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ACT. CHAPTER 29B. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION. CHAPTER 29C. UNIFORM NOTARY ACT. CHAPTER 30. PROFESSIONS AND OCCUPATIONS. CHAPTER 31. CORPORATIONS. CHAPTER 31A. BANKS AND BANKING. CHAPTER 31B. UNIFORM LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ACT. CHAPTER 31C. CREDIT UNIONS. CHAPTER 31D. WEST VIRGINIA BUSINESS CORPORATION ACT. CHAPTER 31E. WEST VIRGINIA NONPROFIT CORPORATION ACT. CHAPTER 31F. WEST VIRGINIA BENEFIT CORPORATION ACT. CHAPTER 31G. BROADBAND ENHANCEMENT AND EXPANSION POLICIES. CHAPTER 31H. SMALL WIRELESS FACILITIES DEPLOYMENT ACT. CHAPTER 32. UNIFORM SECURITIES ACT. CHAPTER 32A. LAND SALES; FALSE ADVERTISING; ISSUANCE AND SALE OF CHECKS, DRAFTS, MONEY ORDERS, ETC. CHAPTER 32B. THE WEST VIRGINIA COMMODITIES ACT. CHAPTER 33. INSURANCE. CHAPTER 34. ESTRAYS, DRIFT AND DERELICT PROPERTY. CHAPTER 35. PROPERTY OF RELIGIOUS, EDUCATIONAL AND CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS. CHAPTER 35A. NAMES, EMBLEMS, ETC., OF ASSOCIATIONS, LODGES, ETC. CHAPTER 36. ESTATES AND PROPERTY. CHAPTER 36A. CONDOMINIUMS AND UNIT PROPERTY. CHAPTER 36B. UNIFORM COMMON INTEREST OWNERSHIP ACT. CHAPTER 37. REAL PROPERTY. CHAPTER 37A. ZONING. CHAPTER 37B. MINERAL DEVELOPMENT. CHAPTER 37C. MINERAL DEVELOPMENT. CHAPTER 38. LIENS. CHAPTER 39. RECORDS AND PAPERS. CHAPTER 39A. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE. CHAPTER 39B. UNIFORM POWER OF ATTORNEY ACT. CHAPTER 40. ACTS VOID AS TO CREDITORS AND PURCHASERS. CHAPTER 41. WILLS. CHAPTER 42. DESCENT AND DISTRIBUTION. CHAPTER 43. DOWER AND VALUATION OF LIFE ESTATES. CHAPTER 44. ADMINISTRATION OF ESTATES AND TRUSTS. CHAPTER 44A. WEST VIRGINIA GUARDIANSHIP AND CONSERVATORSHIP ACT. CHAPTER 44B. UNIFORM PRINCIPAL AND INCOME ACT. CHAPTER 44C. UNIFORM ADULT GUARDIANSHIP AND PROTECTIVE PROCEEDINGS JURISDICTION ACT. CHAPTER 44D. UNIFORM TRUST CODE. CHAPTER 45. SURETYSHIP AND GUARANTY. CHAPTER 46. UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE. CHAPTER 46A. WEST VIRGINIA CONSUMER CREDIT AND PROTECTION ACT. CHAPTER 46B. REGULATION OF THE RENTAL OF CONSUMER GOODS UNDER RENT-TO-OWN AGREEMENTS. CHAPTER 47. REGULATION OF TRADE. CHAPTER 47A. WEST VIRGINIA LENDING AND CREDIT RATE BOARD. CHAPTER 47B. UNIFORM PARTNERSHIP ACT. CHAPTER 48. DOMESTIC RELATIONS. CHAPTER 49. CHILD WELFARE. CHAPTER 50. MAGISTRATE COURTS. CHAPTER 51. COURTS AND THEIR OFFICERS. CHAPTER 52. JURIES. CHAPTER 53. EXTRAORDINARY REMEDIES. CHAPTER 54. EMINENT DOMAIN. CHAPTER 55. ACTIONS, SUITS AND ARBITRATION; JUDICIAL SALE. CHAPTER 56. PLEADING AND PRACTICE. CHAPTER 57. EVIDENCE AND WITNESSES. CHAPTER 58. APPEAL AND ERROR. CHAPTER 59. FEES, ALLOWANCES AND COSTS; NEWSPAPERS; LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS. CHAPTER 60. STATE CONTROL OF ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS. CHAPTER 60A. UNIFORM CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT. CHAPTER 61. CRIMES AND THEIR PUNISHMENT. CHAPTER 62. CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. CHAPTER 63. REPEAL OF STATUTES. CHAPTER 64. LEGISLATIVE RULES.
Chapter 17 C Entire Code
ARTICLE 1. WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED.
§17C-1-1. Definitions generally.
§17C-1-2. Vehicle.
§17C-1-3. Motor vehicle.
§17C-1-4. Motorcycle.
§17C-1-5. Motor-driven cycle.
§17C-1-5a. Moped.
§17C-1-6. Authorized emergency vehicle.
§17C-1-7. School bus.
§17C-1-8. Bicycle.
§17C-1-9. Truck tractor.
§17C-1-10. Farm tractor.
§17C-1-11. Road tractor.
§17C-1-12. Truck.
§17C-1-13. Bus.
§17C-1-14. Trackless trolley coach.
§17C-1-15. Trailer.
§17C-1-16. Semitrailer.
§17C-1-17. Pole trailer.
§17C-1-18. Pneumatic tire.
§17C-1-19. Solid tire.
§17C-1-20. Metal tire.
§17C-1-21. Railroad.
§17C-1-22. Railroad train.
§17C-1-23. Streetcar.
§17C-1-24. Explosives.
§17C-1-25. Flammable liquid.
§17C-1-26. Gross weight.
§17C-1-27. Commissioner.
§17C-1-28. Division.
§17C-1-29. Person.
§17C-1-30. Pedestrian.
§17C-1-31. Driver.
§17C-1-32. Owner.
§17C-1-33. Police officer.
§17C-1-34. Local authorities.
§17C-1-35. Street or highway.
§17C-1-36. Private road or driveway; private property.
§17C-1-37. Roadway.
§17C-1-38. Sidewalk.
§17C-1-39. Laned roadway.
§17C-1-40. Through highway.
§17C-1-41. Controlled-access highway.
§17C-1-42. Intersection.
§17C-1-43. Crosswalk.
§17C-1-44. Safety zone.
§17C-1-45. Business district.
§17C-1-46. Residence district.
§17C-1-47. Traffic-control devices.
§17C-1-48. Traffic-control signal.
§17C-1-49. Railroad sign or signal.
§17C-1-50. Traffic.
§17C-1-51. Right-of-way.
§17C-1-52. Stop.
§17C-1-53. Stop, stopping, or standing.
§17C-1-54. Park
§17C-1-55. School grounds.
§17C-1-56. Axle group.
§17C-1-57. Tandem axle.
§17C-1-58. Tandem axle weight.
§17C-1-59. Connecting mechanism.
§17C-1-60. Parking area.
§17C-1-61. Institution of higher education.
§17C-1-62. Residential street.
§17C-1-63. Digger/derrick line truck.
§17C-1-64. Passenger van.
§17C-1-65. Wheelchair.
§17C-1-66. Electric personal assistive mobility device.
§17C-1-67. Drug.
§17C-1-68. Controlled substance.
§17C-1-69. Autocycle.
§17C-1-70. Electric bicycles; definitions.
ARTICLE 2. OBEDIENCE TO AND EFFECT OF TRAFFIC LAWS.
ARTICLE 3. TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS AND MARKINGS.
ARTICLE 4. ACCIDENTS.
ARTICLE 5. SERIOUS TRAFFIC OFFENSES.
ARTICLE 5A. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION OF LICENSES FOR DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL, CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES OR DRUGS.
ARTICLE 5B. POSTMORTEM TESTS FOR ALCOHOL IN PERSONS KILLED IN MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS.
ARTICLE 5C. OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS.
ARTICLE 5D. OPEN CONTAINER LAWS.
ARTICLE 6. SPEED RESTRICTIONS.
ARTICLE 7. DRIVING ON RIGHT SIDE OF ROADWAY, OVERTAKING AND PASSING, ETC.
ARTICLE 8. TURNING AND STARTING AND SIGNALS ON STOPPING AND TURNING.
ARTICLE 9. RIGHT-OF-WAY.
ARTICLE 10. PEDESTRIANS\' RIGHTS AND DUTIES.
ARTICLE 10A. OPERATION OF ELECTRIC PERSONAL ASSISTIVE MOBILITY DEVICES.
ARTICLE 11. OPERATION OF BICYCLES AND PLAY VEHICLES.
ARTICLE 11A. CHILD BICYCLE SAFETY ACT.
ARTICLE 12. SPECIAL STOPS REQUIRED.
ARTICLE 13. STOPPING, STANDING AND PARKING.
ARTICLE 13A. DIESEL-POWERED MOTOR VEHICLE IDLING ACT.
ARTICLE 14. MISCELLANEOUS RULES.
ARTICLE 15. EQUIPMENT.
ARTICLE 16. INSPECTION OF VEHICLES.
ARTICLE 17. SIZE, WEIGHT AND LOAD.
ARTICLE 17A. REGULATION OF THE COMMERCIAL TRANSPORTATION OF COAL.
ARTICLE 17B. TRANSFER OF CERTAIN JURISDICTION AND EMPLOYEES TO PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION.
ARTICLE 18. PENALTIES.
ARTICLE 19. PARTIES, PROCEDURE UPON ARREST AND REPORTS IN CRIMINAL CASES.
ARTICLE 20. WEST VIRGINIA TURNPIKE COMMISSION.
ARTICLE 21. EFFECT OF CHAPTER.
ARTICLE 22. RIDESHARING.
ARTICLE 23. FUNERAL PROCESSIONS.
The following words and phrases when used in this chapter shall, for the purpose of this chapter, have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this article.
"Vehicle" means every device in, upon or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a highway, except devices moved by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks or wheelchairs.
"Motor vehicle" means every vehicle which is self-propelled and every vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from overhead trolley wires, but not operated upon rails, except motorized wheelchairs.
"Motorcycle" means every motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground, but excluding a tractor.
"Motor-driven cycle" means every motorcycle having a piston displacement of more than fifty cubic centimeters but not more than one hundred fifty cubic centimeters, or with not more than five brake horsepower.
"Moped" means every motorcycle or motor-driven cycle unless otherwise specified in this chapter, which is equipped with two or three wheels, foot pedals to permit muscular propulsion, and an independent power source providing a maximum of two-brake horsepower, but excludes electric bicycles as defined in §17C-1-70 of this code. If a combustion engine is used, the maximum piston or rotor displacement shall be 50 cubic centimeters regardless of the number of chambers in the power source. The power source shall be capable of propelling the vehicle, unassisted, at a speed not to exceed 30 miles per hour on a level road surface and shall be equipped with a power drive system that functions directly or automatically only, not requiring clutching or shifting by the operator after the drive system is engaged.
"Authorized emergency vehicle" means vehicles of a fire department, duly chartered rescue squad, police department, ambulance service, hospital police department, state, county, or municipal agency, and such privately owned ambulances, tow trucks, wreckers, flag car services, vehicles providing road service to disabled vehicles, service vehicles of a public service corporation, postal service vehicles, snow removal equipment, Class A vehicles of firefighters, Class A vehicles of members of ambulance services, and Class A vehicles of members of duly chartered rescue squads, and all other emergency vehicles as are designated by the agency responsible for the operation and control of these persons or organizations. Class A vehicles are as defined by §17A-10-1 of this code. Agency authorization and emergency equipment are provided in §17C-15-26 of this code. Agencies responsible for issuing authorization for emergency vehicle permits may promulgate such regulations that are necessary for the issuance of permits for emergency vehicles.
"School bus" means every motor vehicle owned by a public or governmental agency and operated for the transportation of children to or from school or privately owned and operated for compensation for the transportation of children to or from school.
"Bicycle" means every device which does not have a motor attached and which is propelled by human power upon which any person may ride, having two tandem wheels either of which is more than twenty inches in diameter.
"Truck tractor" means every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of the weight of the vehicle and load so drawn.
"Farm tractor" means every motor vehicle designed and used primarily as a farm implement for drawing plows, mowing machines, and other implements of husbandry.
"Road tractor" means every motor vehicle designed and used for drawing other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry any load thereon either independently or any part of the weight of a vehicle or load so drawn.
"Truck" means every motor vehicle designed, used or maintained primarily for the transportation of property.
"Bus" means every motor vehicle designed for carrying more than seven passengers and used for the transportation of persons; and every motor vehicle, other than a taxicab, designed and used for the transportation of persons for compensation.
"Trackless trolley coach" means every motor vehicle which is propelled by electric power obtained from overhead trolley wires but not operated upon rails.
"Trailer" means every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that no part of its weight rests upon the towing vehicle.
"Semitrailer" means every vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that some part of its weight and that of its load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle.
"Pole trailer" means every vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another vehicle and attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach, or pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used for transporting long or irregularly shaped loads such as poles, pipes, trusses, or structural members capable, generally, of sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections.
"Pneumatic tire" means every tire in which compressed air is designed to support the load.
"Solid tire" means every tire of rubber or other resilient material which does not depend upon compressed air for the support of the load.
"Metal tire" means every tire the surface of which in contact with the highway is wholly or partly of metal or other hard nonresilient material.
"Railroad" means a carrier of persons or property upon cars, other than streetcars, operated upon stationary rails.
"Railroad train" means a steam engine, electric or other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon rails, except streetcars.
"Streetcar" means a car other than a railroad train for transporting persons or property and operated upon rails principally within a municipality.
"Explosives" means any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that is commonly used or intended for the purpose of producing an explosive and which contains any oxidizing and combustive units or other ingredients in such proportions, quantities, or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb.
"Flammable liquid" means any liquid which has a flash point of seventy degrees Fahrenheit, or less, as determined by a tagliabue or equivalent closed-cup test device.
"Gross weight" means the weight of a vehicle without load plus the weight of any load thereon.
"Commissioner" means the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles of this state.
"Division" means the Division of Motor Vehicles of this state acting directly or through its duly authorized officers and agents. Wherever in this chapter reference is made to "the department of motor vehicles" or "the department", unless a different meaning is clearly required, the reference shall be deemed to be a reference to the Division of Motor Vehicles.
"Person" means every natural person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation.
"Pedestrian" means any person afoot or any person using a wheelchair.
"Driver" means every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle.
"Owner" means a person who holds the legal title of a vehicle or in the event a vehicle is the subject of an agreement for the conditional sale or lease thereof with the right of purchase upon performance of the conditions stated in the agreement and with an immediate right of possession vested in the conditional vendee or lessee, or in the event a mortgagor of a vehicle is entitled to possession, then such conditional vendee or lessee or mortgagor shall be deemed the owner for the purpose of this chapter.
"Police officer" means every officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations.
"Local authorities" means every county, municipal, and other local board or body having authority to enact laws relating to traffic under the Constitution and laws of this state.
"Street" or "highway" means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel.
(a) "Private road" or "driveway" means every way or place in private ownership and used for vehicular travel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from the owner, but not by other persons.
(b) "Private property" means real estate in private ownership without regard to the manner in which it is used.
"Roadway" means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the berm or shoulder. In the event a highway includes two or more separate roadways, the term "roadway" as used herein shall refer to any such roadway separately but not to all such roadways collectively.
"Sidewalk" means that portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines, intended for the use of pedestrians.
"Laned roadway" means a roadway which is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic.
"Through highway" means every highway or portion thereof at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required by law to stop before entering or crossing the same and when stop signs are erected as provided in this chapter.
"Controlled-access highway" means every highway, street, or roadway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the same except at such points only and in such manner as may be determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over such highway, street, or roadway.
"Intersection" includes: (a) The area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at, or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict; and
(b) Where a highway includes two roadways thirty feet or more apart, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway by an intersecting highway shall be regarded as a separate intersection. In the event such intersecting highway also includes two roadways thirty feet or more apart, then every crossing of two roadways of such highways shall be regarded as a separate intersection.
"Crosswalk" includes: (a) That part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs or, in the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway; and
(b) Any portion of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface.
"Safety zone" means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone.
"Business district" means the territory contiguous to and including a highway when within any six hundred feet along such highway there are buildings in use for business or industrial purposes, including but not limited to hotels, banks, or office buildings, railroad stations, and public buildings which occupy at least three hundred feet of frontage on one side or three hundred feet collectively on both sides of the highway.
"Residence district" means the territory contiguous to and including a highway not comprising a business district when the property on such highway for a distance of three hundred feet or more is in the main improved with residences or residences and buildings in use for business.
"Traffic-control devices" means all signs, signals, markings, and devices not inconsistent with this chapter placed or erected by authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction, for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic.
"Traffic-control signal" means any device, whether manually, electrically, or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and to proceed.
"Railroad sign" or "signal" means any sign, signal, or device erected by authority of a public body or official or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad tracks or the approach of a railroad train.
"Traffic" means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, and other conveyances either singly or together while using any highway for purposes of travel.
"Right-of-way" means the privilege of the immediate use of the highway.
"Stop," when required, means complete cessation from movement.
"Stop,""stopping," or "standing," when prohibited, means any stopping or standing of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with the directions of a police officer or traffic- control sign or signal.
"Park," when prohibited, means the standing of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than temporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading or unloading.
"School grounds" includes the land on which a school is built together with such other land used by students for play, recreation or athletic events while attending school.
"Axle group" means an assemblage of two or more consecutive axles considered together in determining their combined load effect on a bridge or pavement structure. The determination of what constitutes an axle group may include any or all the axles on the vehicle or combination of vehicles.
"Tandem axle" means any two or more consecutive axles whose centers are more than forty inches but not more than ninety-six inches apart, and are individually attached to and/or articulated from a common attachment to the vehicle including a connecting mechanism designed to equalize the load between axles.
"Tandem axle weight" means the total weight transmitted to the road by two or more consecutive axles whose centers may be included between parallel transverse planes spaced more than forty inches and not more than ninety-six inches apart, extending the full width of the vehicle.
"Connecting mechanism" means an arrangement of parts interconnecting two or more consecutive axles to the frame of a vehicle in such a manner as to equalize the load between axles.
"Parking area" means lots, areas or other accommodations for the parking of vehicles off the street or highway and open to public use with or without charge.
The term "institution of higher education" shall mean "state colleges," "state college," "state universities" and "universities," "state university," and "university," and "community college" as defined in subsection (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f), section two, article twenty-six, chapter eighteen of this code and any other institution as defined by sections 401 (f), (g), (h) of the Federal Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963, as amended.
"Residential street" means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way, whether publicly or privately maintained, located within any subdivision, development or other similar area used primarily for residential purposes when any part thereof is open to the common use of those living in said area for the purpose of vehicular travel.
"Digger/derrick line truck" means a truck which is specifically designed and used for transporting and setting utility poles.
"Passenger van" means any van or other motor vehicle owned by any agency, business or other legal entity and operated for the purpose of transportation of children under the age of eighteen years, other than a van utilized for private use, taxicab, bus or school bus. Passenger vans include, but are not limited to, vehicles used by day-care centers, after-school centers and nursery schools: Provided, That the term "passenger van" does not include any van or other motor vehicle which is utilized for the specific purpose of transporting children to medical facilities for the purpose of medical or dental treatment and which loads and unloads the children on private property, making no stops for loading or unloading along public roads or highways.
"Wheelchair" means a motorized or nonmotorized wheeled device designed for, and used by, a person with disabilities that is incapable of a speed in excess of eight miles per hour.
"Electric personal assistive mobility device" or "EPAMD" means a self-balancing, two nontandem-wheeled device, designed to transport only one person, with an electric propulsion system with average power of seven hundred fifty watts (one horse power), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a propulsion system while ridden by an operator who weighs one hundred seventy pounds, is less than twenty miles per hour.
"Drug" has the same meaning as set forth in section one hundred one, article one, chapter sixty-a of this code, the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, that when taken into the human body can impair the ability of a person to operate a vehicle safely and in compliance with traffic regulations and the laws of the road.
"Controlled substance" means any substance classified under the provisions of chapter sixty-a of this code, the Uniform Controlled Substances Act, and includes all substances listed on Schedules I through V, inclusive, of article two of said chapter, as revised.
"Autocycle" means a fully or partially enclosed motorcycle that is equipped with safety belts, rollover protection, a rearview mirror, automotive seating, a steering wheel and equipment otherwise required on a motorcycle and which has no more than three wheels in contact with the roadway at any one time.
"Class 1 electric bicycle" means every electric bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour.
"Class 3 electric bicycle" means every bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per hour.
"Electric bicycle" means every two-wheel or three-wheel bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts that is a Class 1 electric bicycle or a Class 3 electric bicycle.
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Home / Canada News / latest news / news / News 2020 / News Canada / Tech news 2020 / US News / British Columbia appeal court green-lights data breach class action lawsuit
British Columbia appeal court green-lights data breach class action lawsuit
Admin September 18, 2020 Canada News, latest news, news, News 2020, News Canada, Tech news 2020, US News
The Supreme Court of British Columbia says a class action lawsuit could go to trial against a trust company in a 2013 data breech alleging negligence and breach of contract. In a unanimous decision earlier this month,
B.C. The Court of Appeal upheld the judgment of a lower court certifying the action against the People's Trust for infringement on those grounds. Courts must certify class actions before proceeding.
In the case of 12,000 customers 'names, addresses, email addresses, telephone numbers, dates of birth, social insurance numbers, businesses, and credit card applicants, their mothers' birth names were copied. Account information was not stolen.
The company failed to apply proper patches and software updates to the servers holding the database, the decision was also noted.
The trust company could appeal the decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. It asked the appeals court to dismiss the suit on technical grounds. One of them was that its website included this limited liability clause: "Your use of this website is at your own risk."
It stated that the trust company could not be liable for any loss due to several reasons, including loss of data. Whether that clause applies, a separate decision has to be made.
What has happened with the court's ruling is mistaken for an emerging citizen of invasion of privacy or, legally, "intrusion into solitude".
It was first recognized in 2012 by an Ontario court. Civilian trunks recognized in one province or territory binding on other provinces in the country.
They are to be individually recognized by the courts in each jurisdiction or by provincial law. While the class action against the People's Trust originally involved an allegation of breach of confidentiality, B.C. The judge of the lower court removed them, saying that those provinces did not yet exist.
Neither party appealed to the court of appeals to decide, so it should not comment. But it did. Justice Harvey Groberman wrote, "In some ways, it is unfortunate that no appeal was made against the decision of the lower court." He noted that B.C.
The courts did not face the question directly. "In my view, the time has come for this Court to reassert its jurisdiction over the tyranny of privacy violations."
Can be seen as an unnecessary concession to those who were recursive or highly sensitive to publicity, although I doubt it was an accurate reflection of reality, "he said." Today, personal data has created a shift in people's lives.
Has played a significant role, and the failure to recognize at least some of the limited atrocities caused by breach of privacy can be seen by some.
"The decision caught the eye of David Krebs, a Saskatchewan privacy lawyer at the Miller Thomson law firm. "This is a sign that Canadian privacy law is moving in a certain direction, a common law of privacy torture," he said in an interview Thursday.
"This is another sign that intrusions on solitary torture exist in Canada," He said, perhaps lawyers need to sue companies in addition to negligence for data breaches.
This should provide an additional basis. Halifax privacy attorney David Fraser of the McInnis Cooper law firm said the appeals court also supported the lower court's decision to remove the motion to sue the trust company for breach of trust, a data breach that was confidential.
There was a breach of personal data held. The court said that to succeed the breach of trust action, it was necessary to prove that the trust company had misused this information, but there was no such evidence in the case.
British Columbia appeal court green-lights data breach class action lawsuit Reviewed by Admin on September 18, 2020 Rating: 5

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Enroll today for summer camps and classes !
Let your daughter's (ages 2-4) imagination run wild as she learns the basic foundations of Ballet. This class will teach the fundamental principles of technical dance while exploring creative movement and princess fun. Classes are 45 minutes.
This is a 45 minute class for 3.5 to 6 years of age combining ballet, jazz and tumbling . Basic listening skills and following directions are emphasized while learning the basic fundamentals of ballet and jazz.


The Hangtown Jazz Jubilee was founded in 1986 by city leaders and jazz enthusiasts to bring a city wide fun event to downtown Placerville and to benefit youth musicians of El Dorado County with scholarships.
Traditionally, there are a total of nine downtown venues with some of the West Coast's finest classic jazz bands and musicians. Free entertainment is also provided. The festival includes gospel music in the morning followed by a parade with youth jazz bands, organizations and individuals in the jazz attire, and vintage cars. A costume and parasol contest at the Bell Tower follows the parade. Participants dress from the jazz era and bring a lively atmosphere to a wonderful day.
Our objective has been accomplished by having dedicated volunteers who provide a fun day of music and dancing and who welcome jazz lovers to historic Main Street.
In past years, we have donated 25% of our net profit to Sugarloaf Station Foundation for scholarships that went to El Dorado County teen musicians. We will continue with our pursuit to do the same in the future.
This year, due to economic conditions and highway construction, we were unable to secure adequate funds from Sponsors to hold the regular Hangtown Jazz Jubilee. We are, therefore, presenting a gala Jammin' Jazz Fundraiser to provide the community with a fun afternoon full of jazz performed by generous jazz musicians who are donating their time.
We hope that you will join us on October 5, 2008, 12:00 to 6:00 PM, to help us raise funds for the 2009 Hangtown Jazz Jubilee!


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Key match-ups Wests Tigers vs Bulldogs
Fri 3 May 2013, 02:51 PM
Robbie Farah v Michael Ennis
Two of the best hookers in the NRL go head-to-head tonight at ANZ Stadium, with the strong rivalry between the two skippers adding to the excitement of the clash.
While 2013 hasnt been the best year so far for the injury-ravelled Wests Tigers; Robbie Farah has been a stand-out performer and will look to get his side back in the winners circle with a victory over the Bulldogs. Racking up 42 tackles in last weekends 20-10 loss to the Broncos, Farah has led by example and will look to break his sides four-game losing streak.
On the other hand, Bulldogs Captain Michael Ennis will be looking to get one over his rival in an attempt to win back the NSW number nine jersey. However, Farah looks likely to hold out Ennis after playing the entire 2012 series. This wont stop Ennis, who will be eager to lead last years Grand Finalists to back-to-back victories for the first time in 2013.
Aaron Woods v Aiden Tolmam
NSW selectors will no doubt be watching tonights game closely, in particular the match-up between front-rowers Aaron Woods and Aiden Tolman.
Woods led from the front last week against the Broncos, with a staggering 156 metres and 46 tackles. The towering prop will be itching to make-up for missing City-Country a fortnight ago due to injury, with this week being the perfect opportunity coming up against Tolman, James Graham and possibly Sam Kasiano.
Tolman has been one of the form props this season, with the Bulldogs enforcer running 147 metres in the City-Country fixture in Coffs Harbour last month. The Kempsey-born prop also had a huge workload in the victory over the Sharks last weekend, gaining 150 metres and making 30 tackles.
Jack Buchanan v Martin Taupau
Whilst most of the focus may be on Woods and Tolman, another front-row battle is also worth noting with two up and coming props locking horns tonight at ANZ Stadium. Jack Buchanan and Martin Taupau have gone relatively under the radar this year despite earning a starting spots in their respective sides.
Buchanan came to the Wests Tigers from the Dragons this year, making his NRL debut in Round 1 against Newcastle. While injuries to Keith Galloway, Matt Groat and James Gavet handed the Culburra junior his jersey, the 21-year-old hasnt looked out of place after making the step up from Under 20s.
Making his debut back in 2010, Taupau has risen into the starting side this year following the lengthy suspension to James Graham and impressive form early in the year. Making 26 tackles and just under 100 metres against the Sharks, Taupau will be looking to continue his run of form and hold onto his starting jersey now that Graham has returned.


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Tag: Missouri
Residency at Park Central
Although I grew up in London, I spent summers in Missouri, where my dad lived. It's quite a liberal town, Kansas City. You'd be surprised…
I'm getting to about four years of living here in Kansas City. This will be my second year living in Midtown, at the Park Central apartments off of Armour and Broadway. Four years sounds like a lot of time to me in Kansas City, especially considering I lived in the Northwest and California most of my life, and nearly moved from Kansas City twice in this time span.
I chose to live in Park Central primarily due to its location. After graduating from Rockhurst in 2015 in May, I had decided to stay in Kansas City rather than move back for a teaching job in Pine Ridge, South Dakota (on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation at an old school I used to work). However, I was living up in the Northland, Gladstone to be specific, with an older divorced co-worker, and I didn't necessarily enjoy living in a Suburban area as a single guy. After all, at the time I was in my late 20's, finished with school, and looking to have more of a social and urban experience after living on the outskirts in my first couple of years (first in Kansas City, Kansas and then in the Northland).
My two options were Park Central and the Bellerive off of Armour Blvd. They were both former major hotels in the Kansas City area that had been revitalized into apartments thanks to the gentrification going on in the Midtown area of Kansas City over the past decade. Though the Bellerive had nice amenities, I chose to live in Park Central, as it was nearly 100 dollars cheaper and literally the same distance from my job (about a 10 minute walk from the school I taught at).
I no longer work at the same school, but I still live in Park Central (even though my new school is in Kansas City, Kansas). Over the past couple of years, living in Park Central has helped me swoon for and grow more and more fascinated with Kansas City, from the people to the bars to the neighborhoods to the history that has deeper peaks and valleys than I ever thought possible when I moved here from southwestern South Dakota nearly four years ago.
For me, Kansas City and Park Central go hand-in-hand, spiritually connected at the hip.
Park Central is located right outside of Hyde and Gillham Park. The Hyde Park area is something of an old-money neighborhood, classic in the old sense, with houses designed in a way that resemble ones straight out of a F. Scott Fitzgerald novel. Hyde Park, originally one of the first golf courses of Kansas City, is a product of the Tom Pendergast era: its beautifully maintained houses consist of generational residents who lean primarily on the liberal and democratic side, hailing from old European-American ancestry, with their children avoiding the public school system (a reason for the beautiful old Westport High and Middle Schools buildings being currently closed today) for nearby private institutions like Notre Dame de Sion, Pembroke Hill, St. Theresa Academy and Rockhurst (high school, not university).
Mixed in with these old homeowners are newer renting residents: hipster families who have bought cheap housing close to Troost, and recently out-of-college or still-in-school young adults who rent out of the many different apartments mostly owned by Mac Properties, and other smaller property management firms. Park Central is located in this area, and thus, I fall into one of these categories, though only marginally (I am recently out of graduate school, not undergraduate like most).
Park Central is an eclectic mix of residents. Yes, there are young grad students and young professionals, as expected. That being said, the eight floors of the apartment complex also consist of older retirees, most likely widows, who are living out their remaining years in the heart of the city, in much smaller accommodations. Being a pet-free environment, nearly everyone has a dog, and it's common to see people go in and out of the elevator with their dogs in leashes, ready to take morning and evening walks with their pets before and after work, respectively. There are a surprising amount of young couples who live together in the apartments, some from the Kansas City area, some from abroad, including India and Palestine and China, just to name a few, as well as same-sex couples who are within close distance to many of the gay bars down Broadway and Main.
All in all, Park Central is the quintessential urban apartment, no different in many ways than an apartment you would perhaps find in Brooklyn, San Francisco or Boston (albeit much, much cheaper).
But there is more to Park Central than it just being the modern apartment. It's more than the kind of complex that one would see on sitcoms such as Seinfeld, The Big Bang Theory, and Master of None. Park Central is also a microcosm of Kansas City, a capsule that has undergone an exterior, and perhaps spiritual, change to help newer potential residents to forget or be unaware of the history of the building as well as the area.
One of the most famous stories of Park Central is the fact that in 1934, mob boss Johnny Lazia was gunned down at the then hotel by rival gangster associates. The fact that a mob boss like Lazia stayed in the Park Central makes sense, as it is central to most establishments in Kansas City, and was in close proximity to Downtown and the Jazz District back then (and even to this day). For some, the history is neat tidbit that displays the history of Kansas City: as a free-wheeling Las Vegas of the Midwest in 1920's-1940's.
Kansas City used to be something one would likely see in a Martin Scorsese film or James Ellroy novel: jazz, gangster, gambling, call girls, murder, political corruption, you name it. During the prohibition, alcohol laws were not only ignored, but almost mocked, thanks to Pendergast and his Jackson Democratic Club political machine, as well as the Italian Mafia that ran things in the Northeast. Even up to the 1970's, Kansas City was the midway point of criminal activity, connecting the East Coast to lucrative laundering deals going on in the West Coast in Las Vegas, as profiled in the movie Casino.
It made sense that Kansas City had this reputation because of it being a center of the railroad system across the country, which aren't as active today, but it's remnants still ever present. Kansas City never had the population or glitz of a New York, Chicago or Los Angeles, but you could argue that Kansas City was every bit as fascinating as those cities, and deserved as much, perhaps even more profiles than those other three bigger "noir" meccas. There was no Elliot Ness-Al Capone or William Parker-Mickey Cohen rivalry. The criminals pretty much ran the town (thanks to Pendergast), and that's what made Kansas City a magnet for seediness that went uncovered for decades. Nobody wants to cover the bad guys if there are no good guys to defeat them, and unlike a Chicago or LA, Kansas City never got that "White Knight" that came in and cleaned up Kansas City for good.
The clean up just came with years of convictions of criminals in court and strong municipal policies.
In other words, boring. Kansas City deserved so much better.
So what does this have to do with me? How does this affect my own experience with Kansas City?
Well, I live in Midtown because it is close to everything. It is close to the characters. It is close to the nightlife. It is right on the border of that Troost wall where the injustice of rich and poor, and black and white segregation still exists today as it did decades ago. It is in a blue part of the Midwest that is normally as deep red as old, caked blood.
For somebody that has craved the city experience for so long, since my teenage years, I can't imagine going anywhere else. Where I am is perfect. I am inspired by new stories every day, whether it's from the past or present. Whether it's the stories of elections being fixed by the Pendergast machine, near riots outside of the Donald Trump rally outside of the Midland Theater, or the sight of soaring-high vagrants punching air on the streets of Broadway past midnight right outside of Westport. As somebody who is trying to make his way as a writer, trying to find the right stories to journal, Park Central is the perfect holding spot personally, a DMZ of sorts of the Kansas City urban experience.
This living experience has come with its share of problems of course. Maintaining or finding relationships has been difficult. I have had countless dates that have constantly gone south due to my inability to part with my current home and the stories that flutter around it. I dated a girl for four months, and we struggled to go deeper in the relationship due to her desire to be more settled. She wanted to be out in Leawood or South Kansas City or somewhere perhaps more rural. I told her that I continued to want the city. I wanted to help people in the city. I wanted to help make the city better and deep down, though I never told her, I wanted to be able to write stories about the city that don't get told or profiled in the KC Star or evening news. She wanted that "White Picket Fence Midwest" experience. I wanted the Jazz Era one. She couldn't fathom that I was content with living in a studio apartment and sleeping on a futon.
And the same story has been true with various other dates. One girl couldn't understand my democratic leanings. I struggled recently with another who had kids who wanted to live the rest of her life in Kansas City Kansas around her family and the friends she grew up with for decades. It seems like young adults in the Midwest generally want the same thing: marriage, kids, stability and all rather early in life. I have struggled with those concepts, because even though I want it or think I want that kind of life (my parents certainly want me to), I fall back into my Park Central apartment, sink into its presence, and realize that though I am 29 and single and without any romantic or prospects of long-term stability on the horizon, I am happy or at the very least content with it all. And I think I'm content because I still have the city. The stories. The people. The night. The parks. The runs through Gilham and Hyde Park where I think about what to write on next. The hookah lounges where I smoke and socialize and sometimes write. The coffee places where I can just stare out on the streets for hours. The bars where I can just people watch and eavesdrop and find amusement in some of the stories I hear and so on.
Some might think of all that as the product of a lonely life. And sometimes it feels that way. But I grew up a bit of a loner. I didn't have many close friends growing up. It's a reason why I have never had the desire to go back to Sacramento. I don't need familiar. I don't need "safe". I don't need "it's time to settle down." Writing and blogging keep me stable and sane. It's cheap therapy, and writing about the city, much like therapy, helps give me the ideas and tools to not only help my own life and progress in it, but also help me understand how I can help my own community, this city, the surrounding area of Park Central also known as Midtown Kansas City.
Because cities are wonderful things. Nothing is more fascinating than the American city. They are decaying in ways because people have their biases. They don't think their children should go into schools in the cities or they think the crime is too much. I don't have to worry about those things (because I don't have kids or nice shit), and thus, I can do what I need to help, and learn about the day to day, night to night of what goes in Kansas City, a city with its own history of sordidness that it battles with each and every day. Kansas City is really a perfect city for me. Small enough to get wrapped up in, but big enough to still find new places, circles and issues to discover.
And I am able to do that from the central of it all in my current apartment, which has its own sordid history which it's trying to get rid of, like the city itself.
When I first moved to Kansas City, I thought I was on my way to settling into the Midwest experience. I had plans for marriage within a couple of years. I thought about living in a house, and having my own self-built smoker. I pictured barbeques and hanging out at the community pools with my neighbors over cans of Bud Light. I thought about sending my kids to Catholic School, much like my parents did for me.
I remember one night I spent with my ex at the time. We were in St. John's park, looking out on the Kansas City skyline from Strawberry Hill, which is a beautiful damn thing at night. I knew we were going to break up, but I made one last pitch to her to convince her to stay together.
You know. When I was young, I pictured myself living in a big city. I pictured myself living paycheck to paycheck as a writer. I would be living in a small apartment and writing freelance or for a newspaper living pretty simply with the idea that I would make it big. I pictured myself living like a Charles Bukowski or John Fante and that's what I wanted more than anything when I was growing up in middle and high school."
"Well, now I don't want that anymore. I realized that was just a stupid fantasy. I want to settle down. I want to have kids. I want to have a house and raise a family now.
We broke up a week later. And though it's not exact, I'm closer to that former dream than the latter nearly three years later.
I wonder if I really wanted the latter or I was just saying it because I scared rejection or was scared of being in and taking on Kansas City alone.
I know what they mean now by certain events being blessings in disguise.
My blessing comes in an Eight-story former hotel called the Park Central.
Kevin O'Brien	Midwest Memoirs	1 Comment October 22, 2016 December 12, 2016 10 Minutes
So how do you find yourself in the Midwest?
I have a strange fascination with the Midwest… -Jason Reitman
Unlike many people who reminisce or get nostalgic about the Midwest, I am not from this part of the country. I was born and raised in California, and spent most of my life in a part of the country where snow was rare-to-non-existent, and a trip to the beach was a three-hour drive, not a three-hour flight.
But here I am…now a Midwest transplant for at least a little bit longer. (Kansas City transplant to be specific; Missouri side for now, though I have lived in Kansas and may move back since I work in Kansas again.)
So, how did a West Coast guy get here?
To those who don't know me (which probably is about 80-90 percent of people who come across this blog), for about a year and a half I was studying to be a Jesuit priest. I had just graduated from a small Catholic college in Washington state, and the August after my grduated I joined the California Province for the Society of Jesus and entered their novitiate (like a seminary, but less focus on "studying" and more focus on "living the life") in Culver City, California, which is in the heart of Los Angeles. Typically how the process works, after a two year tenure in the novitiate, the next step in the Jesuit formation to become a priest is to attend a university (of their choosing, though you have options) for philosophy studies and earn a master's degree in philosophy in a 3-4 year timetable (again, I will probably talk more about the whole process of being a priest, and what separates a "Jesuit" priest from a "regular" priest in some subsequent posts). At about the one-year-point in my Jesuit novice tenure, I sat down with the person responsible for "study" assignments, which basically meant I told him what my educational and personal interests and goals were going to be during this important time in religious formation. (Did I just want to study philosophy or was I thinking about getting additional studies in another area? And how would this help me contribute to the Society and Catholic community and well…world? So yeah, no pressure, right? )
We basically had three choices: Saint Louis University in St. Louis, Missouri, Loyola University in Chicago, and Fordham University in the Bronx.
Fordham was my overwhelming favorite followed by Loyola Chicago. I didn't even consider St. Louis, because to be perfectly honest, I didn't see myself in a small city in the Midwest in my future. (And I know there are those saying right now "But Chicago is in the Midwest!" I get it. But let's face it, Chicago is technically the mecca of the Midwest, and closer in spirit to an East Coast city; it just happens to geographically be in the Midwest and get a lot of Midwest transplants.)
Almost 30 years old, I have been in the Midwest for six years. I spent two years in South Dakota, living and working on an Indian Reservation in South Dakota near the South Dakota-Nebraska border (Pine Ridge for those that needed clarification), and have resided for about four years in Kansas City (two years on the Kansas side and coming on two years on the Missouri side).
In all honesty, that is six more years in the Midwest than I ever would have thought when I was fresh out of college or even still in novitiate. But now as I enter the third decade of my life, I am finding it harder and harder to think I will ever leave.
It's amazing how a certain place, a geographical area, can change one's perspective over time.
I had the chance to move back to California last year, in the Spring for the upcoming Fall. I had a teaching job offer in California, San Jose, to be specific. The idea of moving back to the South Bay was intriguing to me (I worked in San Jose for about a semester in the Spring after leaving the Jesuits). I would be paid handsomely salary-wise (though in retrospect, while the figure was high, I wonder if it would have been much more than my current circumstances here in the Midwest).I would have been closer to my parents, who are getting older in years, and moved into a cozy house in the Midtown area of Sacramento. I would have been around the sports teams I cheered for in my youth (the San Francisco Giants, 49ers, Golden State Warriors, San Jose Sharks, and California Golden Bears). I would have been out of snow, and around good public rail transportation. Years ago, San Jose was a bit of a dream destination, not the absolute dream like San Francisco (I have always had a profound fondness for that city), but a good, comfortable second I would have been satisfied with.
Though I initially made a commitment months before I had to report to my job, I ended up not going. I had to arrive in August, and from the time I accepted the job in early April, my excitement in the job started to slowly fade. Over a month's time, I realized that though job was a tremendous offer and opportunity, I couldn't take it.
To be cut and dry about it, well…I was not ready to leave Kansas City and the Midwest.
It's amazing to think to someone who hasn't lived here or visited here much my reasons for wanting to stay in Middle America over the West Coast (or East Coast for that matter). I had college and high school friends ask me if I "was making the right decision?" I had family that questioned my desire to not be closer to home (though more extended family, not parents). Even Midwest natives wondered why I wouldn't want to be back in California after spending so much time away, as the decision to leave the Midwest for sunny Northern California was a no-brainer to them. (This is not necessarily Native Americans, but people who grew up in the Midwest…though ironically, this personal circle also included some Native Americans).
And I get it. It bothers me at times as well, the idea that a place with a reputation for flat, endless farmland; hot, muggy, and story, summers; and cold and icy winters, would be a more enticing place to live.
And yet, there is something about the Midwest that keep me here. Something that prevents me from leaving, even when I think I would be better served personally and professionally back in an an area of the United States where I grew up, and possessed more familiar roots and connections.
If there is a reason to explain my stay in the Midwest despite opportunities elsewhere, I guess I would have to say the "lifestyle" of the Midwest is what attracts me the most here. And not just my personal lifestyle on it's own, but how my own lifestyle meshes into the predominant lifestyle of the diversity of people here in Kansas City as well as in the Midwest. Because though people don't like to think about it, there is a diversity here in the Midwest. Yes, some ethnic groups are under-represented in comparison to other areas of the country. And yes, this area of the country tends to be more Christian, Conservative and Republican, something I am not quite used to being from the West Coast.
However, to say that represents ALL the Midwest would be silly and misinforming. In my six years, I have discovered so much about the Kansas City and the Midwest:
The Latino and Chicano culture and communities in the Midwest who are growing and developing rapidly over the past couple of decades, and differ a bit in values and feel from the Latino cultures of major communities on the coasts.
The Middle-Eastern influence that is growing in many of the Midwestern cities thanks to foreign exchange students growing accustomed to the Midwest life as well as opportunistic businessmen who are trying to make a better living for their families here and abroad, as I have learned from my frequent visits to hookah lounges, something I never did until I came to the Midwest. (Yes, I lived in California and Washington and it wasn't until I moved to Kansas City that I started using Hookah.)
The African-American communities, which despite years of injustice and discrimination in this part of the country, who continue to push forward for change in their communities and schools, while still maintaining their proud heritage and contributions in the Midwest, including their influence on the media (The weekly newspaper "The Call" is one of the oldest African-American-run newspapers in the United States), Jazz as a musical art form, as well as baseball, including the Negro Leagues (the Midwest was where it really shone; Kansas City being the mecca for it) and the many former NL players who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball in the late 40's.
The BBQ culture known nationally that spans from the "mom and pop" shacks in rural areas of Kansas and Missouri to the urban center of Kansas City where African-American owned BBQ restaurants helped Kansas City become the BBQ capital of the USA in comparison to their brethren in the Carolina's and Memphis.
The Catholic community who credit their roots in the Midwest from strong and proud immigrants from Croatia, Slovenia, Ireland, Italy, and Poland (just to name a few), and has a closer, more familial feel in comparison to their Coastal counterparts, as evidenced by their emphasis on putting on frequent church socials, high priority in sending their children to Catholic schools, and financial and spiritual contributions to their local parishes.
I could go on and on, and I know I will go into more depth onto these topics and more in the future. There is so much to write about on the Midwest, and not just Kansas City, either (though I know I will go on plenty about Kansas City considering that is my home and where a majority of my life in the Midwest has taken place). The people. The issues. The history. The traditions. The culture. The future.
Perhaps that's why I stayed in Kansas City and the Midwest. This part of the area inspires me, almost serves as my muse, and I still feel like I have only scratched the surface, have yet to go deep into what really makes the Midwest Life what it is, not to mention different from life on the East or West Coast. I have invested a lot in my six years in the Midwest. I have invested in my job and my students, sure. But, I also have invested in my communities, whether it has been on the reservation, in Wyandotte County, or in Jackson County. And despite that investment, I still know I can do more, and more importantly, I want to do more.
And that's why I have created this blog. To chronicle my experience as I continue to dig deeper and deeper into my experiences with "This Midwest Life." Furthermore, I also intend to tell stories of and about the people here in Kansas City and the Midwest. (Though to be honest, my stories will probably be more predominant; sorry, I am not a professional journalist, just an amateur one at this point). Some stories will be short memoirs. Some stories might be fictional. Some stories might be simple reviews or reflections. And some stories might blur all those genres together in some weird, chaotic fashion that I can't even begin to describe.
Just like I have learned from my own experiences, the Midwest is a surprising fusion of all kinds: transplants and homebodies; old and new; traditional and modern; conservative and liberal; backward and forward thinking; slow and… less-slow (well, I guess that is one thing I can say about the Midwest: life is a little bit slower here than on the Coasts; though I hear it is faster than in the Deep South).
I hope that's what "This Midwest Life" will try to portray: a glance into the life and culture and diversity and mystery that is in the middle of the country, i.e. the glorious Midwest.
What six years in this part of the country can do to a person.
Kevin O'Brien	Midwest Memoirs	Leave a comment September 23, 2016 8 Minutes


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Villars est une commune française située dans le département de la Loire en région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes.

Géographie
Le territoire communal se trouve au-dessus du bassin houiller de la Loire. Saint-Étienne est à , Roanne à .

La superficie de la commune est de  ; son altitude varie de .

L'A72 passe au nord, un important échangeur permet de rallier la zone commerciale de Ratarieux et le CHU, ou la ZAC de Montravel, le lycée horticole et le sud-ouest de l'agglomération (D 201, direction Firminy-Le Puy).

Communes limitrophes

Urbanisme

Typologie
Villars est une commune urbaine, car elle fait partie des communes denses ou de densité intermédiaire, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.
Elle appartient à l'unité urbaine de Saint-Étienne, une agglomération inter-départementale regroupant  et  en , dont elle est une commune de la banlieue.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Saint-Étienne, dont elle est une commune du pôle principal. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de  à moins de .

Toponymie

Histoire

L'obituaire de l'Église de Lyon fait mention de la donation du doyen Blandinus (vers 1085-87) qui fit don de l'église de Villars, du cimetière et de ses terres à l'Église de Lyon.

L'existence de la localité est attestée par écrit dès le . Mention en est faite dans la permutation de 1173, consacrant la séparation du Lyonnais et du Forez qui laisse Villars "à la liberté de l'Église de Lyon". À la suite de cet acte, la paroisse de Villars fit partie d'une enclave directement dépendante du chapitre de Lyon, aux confins du Jarez et du Forez et finalement rendue à la seigneurie de Saint-Priest-en-Jarez en 1278.

Peu après, on trouve trace d'un fief dénommé Curnieu. Différentes familles se succèdent, dont les Dalmais et Mathevon.

Villars possède deux bâtisses historiques : le vieux château à l'écart du centre, restauré en 1910, et le château du bourg face à l'église, mairie de la commune depuis 1991.

La houille est exploitée vers le , d'autres activités viennent s'y greffer comme la passementerie, les armes... La main-d'œuvre vient des régions limitrophes, surtout Haute-Loire et Ardèche. Les ouvriers travaillent aux champs la belle saison, cherchent de l'embauche en ville afin de compléter leurs maigres ressources.

Au cours de l'été 1911 a eu lieu le premier meeting aérien du département de la Loire, sur le terrain de Champirol (situé à cette époque sur les communes de Villars et de Saint-Priest-en-Jarez), à l'emplacement actuel de l'Hôpital Nord. Parmi les huit pilotes présents à cette manifestation se trouvait Roland Garros.

Le 21 janvier 1942, un coup de grisou tue 65 mineurs au puits de Chana.

Politique et administration

Liste des maires
Le premier maire de Villars connu à ce jour, fut Claude Denis de 1790 à 1792. Cette liste débute au  (liste complète sur le site de Villars).

Tendances politiques et résultats

Démographie
En , la commune comptait . L'évolution du nombre d'habitants est connue à travers les recensements de la population effectués dans la commune depuis 1793. Une réforme du mode de recensement permet à l'Insee de publier annuellement les populations légales des communes à partir de 2006. Pour Villars, commune de moins de , les recensements ont lieu tous les cinq ans, les populations légales intermédiaires sont quant à elles estimées par calcul. Les populations légales des années 2006, 2011, 2016 correspondent à des recensements exhaustifs.

Urbanisation

Culture locale et patrimoine

Monuments historiques
Villars possède un pont de chemin de fer situé au lieu-dit du Bois Monzil. Héritage de la première ligne de chemin de fer de France, il a été mis en service en 1827 et est donc le plus ancien pont ferroviaire d'Europe continentale. À ce titre il a été inscrit au monument historique par l'arrêté du . La limite communale entre Villars et Saint-Priest-en-Jarez passe sous l'arche de ce pont. Le pont est visible depuis le 44 chemin des champs à Saint-Priest-en-Jarez mais on ne peut y accéder car il est sur une propriété privée.

Autres monuments
La commune fait partie de la paroisse Bienheureux Antoine Chevrier, qui rassemble l'église Saint-Laurent (Villars), l'église Saint-Prix (Saint-Priest-en-Jarez) et l'église du Sacré-Cœur, La Terrasse (Saint-Étienne).

 Église Saint-André de Villars.
Église Saint-Laurent

La première église de Villars date du , elle est alors dédiée à saint André. Incorporée aujourd'hui à la mairie, sert de salle des conseils et mariages.
Vers la fin du , la population ayant fortement augmenté, il faut bâtir un nouvel édifice : l'actuelle église Saint-Laurent. Les travaux débutent en 1860 pour se terminer 10 ans plus tard.

Le , l'église accueille trois nouvelles cloches qui viennent s'ajouter à celles déjà existantes. Elles donnent respectivement le "do", "mi", "la" et "sol".

Le , après de multiples constatations, Hubert Pouquet, maire de la ville ordonne une fermeture provisoire. L'humidité remontant du sol provoque un soulèvement de la base et un effritement des piliers. Calculs et projets sont lancés pour sa survie.

Des travaux sont entrepris en 2006, sous la direction de l'architecte Berthier. Les piliers latéraux ainsi que la partie haute de l'église sont supprimés, pour être remplacés par une charpente en lamellé-collé.

Le , M. Pouquet inaugure les transformations. Le lendemain,  dédicace le lieu.

La mairie de Villars

Le château du bourg fut longtemps propriété des Mathevon. Jean, seigneur de Curnieu, transforme et embellit la bâtisse. On raconte qu'il peut assister à la messe d'une fenêtre de ses appartements, l'église y étant adossée !

La Compagnie des Mines de Villars récupère les lieux en 1880. Elle y installe ses bureaux avant de loger son directeur, puis ses cadres.

Les Mathevon vendent, sous le mandat Soulier, titre et terres, qui reviennent partiellement à la commune.

En 1991, la mairie de Villars rénove et investit le château. Les locaux sont agrandis en 2007.

Le musée de la mine Jean-Marie Somet

Musée créé par un ancien mineur dans un bâtiment ancien, rue du Puits-Gallois. Il évoque le passé minier de la commune mais aussi la passementerie. Il est géré par l'Association des Amis du Vieux Villars. Réouverture du musée après travaux en . Ce musée est l'objet d'un livre : Devant la mémoire, une visite au Musée de la mine Jean-Marie Somet de Villars, auteur Michel Peroni, éditions Presses des Mines, 2015.

À noter également :

 Parc Jean-Marc derrière le dépôt de la Stas, face au complexe sportif de l'ASPTT, au bord de l'autoroute.
 Lycée horticole et ZAC de Montravel (centre commercial régional, piste de kart), desservis par la rocade Est.
 L'ancien hippodrome est reconverti, au cours du , en quartier résidentiel (logements collectifs).
 Foulées Villardaire, trois courses de plusieurs catégories à travers les rues de la ville, chaque année début d'automne.

Héraldique

Jumelages

Transports en commun
Villars est parcourue par les lignes de bus 16 et 17 de la STAS.

 La ligne 17 Terrasse/Lycée Simone-Weil serpente dans les rues de la ville, et dessert tous les points névralgiques : quartiers du Bois Monzil, Michard, La Feuilletière, La Taillée, musée de la mine, centre, Curnieux, Hippodrome, ASPTT et parc J. Marc. Elle ne va pas jusqu'au centre commercial, mais une navette est prévue à certaines heures pour le lycée horticole.

À l'extrémité sud (Terrasse), on rejoint le tram, T1 et T2.

 La ligne 16 Place Gambetta/Villeboeuf-le-Haut rejoint le centre ville de Saint-Étienne puis l'Esplanade (Opéra-théâtre).

Villars est desservie sur la ligne St Étienne-Roanne, par la halte de l'Hippodrome.

Personnalités liées à la commune
 Famille Mathevon, dont une branche devient Mathevon de Curnieu à la suite d'un transfert de titre. Les descendants originels sont toujours installés sur le bassin stéphanois. Les Mathevon de Curnieu résident, quant à eux, dans le Sud-Ouest de la France. Georges-Marie-Edmond Mathevon de Curnieu, plus connu sous le nom Georges Ancey, dramaturge de théâtre .

Bibliographie
 Jean-Marie Somet, Histoire de ma petite ville (Association des Amis du Vieux Villars)
 Pierre Thiolière, Morts pour la France - Villars 1914-1918, 2009
 Ian Dufour et Jean-Manuel Lledo, Villars, , Éditions Alan Sutton, 2011

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes de la Loire
 Église Saint-Laurent (Villars)

Liens externes

Commune de Saint-Étienne Métropole
Villars
Unité urbaine de Saint-Étienne
Aire urbaine de Saint-Étienne

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Even as we cry our tears, by day and by night, "we are prepared to go forward."
Life (and death) as we know it
We have gratefully heard, once again, from Grandma Pat, "formerly of rural Roberts, Wisconsin": "A brand-new year is beginning. After weeks of spirit-lifting words and music, lessons and carols, choirs and homilies, we are prepared to go forward.
"This past year has been one of loss for many. It has included moments of shared grief, and moments of healing.
"In my own case, since my son John's death, I have cried often, and have listened to the cries of his siblings and close family members. I have also seen signs — signs that are not in the realm of logic. There was the breath-stopping encounter with a pileated woodpecker, who sat about three feet from me and stared at me. Then there was the report from John's son and his nephew. They were discussing logistics for moving the prized Nova out of storage. As they talked this over, a bald eagle came and supervised from the garage roof, then followed my grandson several miles to his home. OK, maybe coincidence, but then again, maybe not.
"Over the past few months, I have been the recipient of kind notes, good wishes, prayers, cookies, soups, books, and flowers. Just a few days ago, I even received a glow-in-the-dark rosary from a lovely 10-year-old girl who thought it might come in handy if I was ever crying in the night.
"Well, we are all in this together, and we have to hold each other up.
Our community of strangers
The Grateful OOK of St. Paul: "Dear Bulletin Board Editor and Contributors:
"Thanks for adding so many touching, funny, silly stories and photos to
the world! I just finished reading Ramblin' Rose's tale of dueling tree decorators, and David the Scudderite's 'Christmas Sampler' had me giggling . Can't wait to share them with other folks.
"Our mood was affected by news of my 92-year-old mother's illness. Checking in to the E.R. in Madison (Wisconsin) on Christmas was not how she wanted to spend the day (and the next). The good news is that she's feeling better and may already be home. Thanks to the wonderful hospital staff and my sisters who helped her in an endless number of ways.
"We celebrated over lunch with friends and on Zoom with other folks. Good times!
"Bulletin Board is an incredible feature of the St. Paul Pioneer Press. We are very lucky to enjoy it, whether we're local or — really — anywhere! Thanks to all of you."
Tim Torkildson: "Subject: My New Year's Resolution.
"My New Year's resolution is to eat more garlic bread.
"To wallow in anchovies and kick Banksy in the head.
"I have resolved to sleep in until it is time for brunch,
"and let my hair grow out until I need to use a scrunch.
"I'm gonna climb Mount Everest without a Sherpa guide
"and light a candle for Will Hay to make him sanctified.
"I'm moving to Hawaii — near a lava lake, as well —
"so when the neighbors visit I can throw them right in . . .
"Tell me something, reader: Don't you ever wish that you
"had New Year's resolutions on which you'd follow through?
"Like growing lots of skin tags, gaining weight, or no more socks.
"Sitting in a beanbag chair dismantling cheap clocks?
"If I must really tell the truth, the only thing that I
"am bound to do this New Year is to dilly-dallify."
The Joy of Juxtaposition
Years Apart Division
Bill of the river lake reports: "We have a small but fancy Frosty the Snowman that sings and dances. The other day, my much better half tried to move him, and his hat came off. Promptly he said: 'Put my hat on my head to see me dance around.' Sure enough, she replaced his hat and he sang and danced.
"This reminded me of the time some years ago, after my son's confirmation. A group photo was scheduled, and my son was standing just behind the bishop for the photo. Now, Catholic bishops usually wear a large, official high hat called a mitre. My son said spontaneously 'Bishop, take off that hat,' causing a few muted laughs."
Our squirrels, ourselves
Semi-Legend reports: "Subject: Squirrelpocalypse.
"The Pioneer Press had a story headlined 'Squirrels of St. Paul's Mears Park force a subtler holiday lighting display.'
"I can attest that the Mears Park squirrels 'are fat, bold and accustomed to being fed by people.'
"I dropped by the park to hear singer Maud Hixson, unaware that the Twin Cities Jazz Festival had reskedded cuz of threatened rain. So it shouldn't be a total loss, I got a cuppla slices of pepperoni pizza from Big River Pizza and sat on a low retaining wall in the park to enjoy them.
"I noticed a half-dozen fat, bold squirrels approaching, jostling each other as they approached, seeking to share my pizza slices. Not quite horror-movie intense, but I got the message and retreated to a table outside Big River, where I was accosted by a fast-talking young woman with an incoherent story about being in danger.
"After a while, she angrily stormed off. She rejected my offer of pizza. Mebbe she went to commiserate with the squirrels."
Our pets, ourselves
Rusty of St. Paul: "Sign spied in St. Paul this past week: 'Dogs have family. Cats have staff.'"
The Baader-Meinhof Phenomenon
Babe of Burnsville: "Been meaning to write to B.B. since July. Where does the time go? Can B.B. explain? [Bulletin Board says: It goes into the past!]
"Anyway, back then I had a Baader-Meinhof which no one but other B.B. readers might find interesting:
"One night I was reading a thriller, written in the 1960s, which had included a visit to Camp David. As I now know, it is in an area within view of the Catoctin Mountains and near Catoctin Furnace. I thought at the time that I'd never heard of the Catoctin Mountains, nor did I know what the 'Furnace' referred to.
"Well, mystery solved & Baader-Meinhof happened the next day, when in the newspaper there was an article about the work that had been done on the remains found in a slave cemetery at Catoctin Furnace. Catoctin Furnace was an iron forge in Frederick County, Maryland, that operated in the late 1700s and well into the 1800s. Enslaved Africans worked there until the 1830s, but then the work was taken over by European immigrants.
"Now I want to make a visit to Maryland to learn more."
Everyone's a copy editor
Red's Offspring, north of St. Paul: "Subject: Oh, does they?
"A headline on the front page of the Sports section of last Thursday's Pioneer Press: 'Vikings needs Cousins to reverse his slide.'"
BULLETIN BOARD MUSES: Wouldn't Cousins then be "backsliding"? No one needs that — least of all the Vikings!
The Astronomer of Nininger: "Subject: Basswood is Linden.
"When I was a young boy, my father used to take my brother and me to visit a farm near Lindenwood, Illinois. Brother Stan and I never thought much about Lindenwood, other than it was a place where we had a lot of fun. We went hunting and fishing nearby. And, on Halloween, we were able to 'Trick or Treat' the whole town. You couldn't do that in Chicago, where we lived.
"Many years later, long after I grew up and left home, I wondered about that name, Lindenwood. Where did it come from, and what did it mean? But those questions moved to the back burner of my mind.
"When I raised horses, I found out about Basswood. Ranchers often made their grain feeders from it, because horses could eat copious rations of grain without getting slivers in their mouths. Horses sort of slobber when they eat grain and use their teeth and tongues together, almost foaming, to get every morsel of grain – oats, and corn, and barley as well. I lined our grain feeders with Basswood.
"I didn't make the connection of Basswood to Lindenwood until Bob, a poet friend of mine, penned the words that made it clear: 'Basswood is Linden.' Bob wrote not just in metaphors, but he brought ideas to life. He asked me questions about my horses and how Basswood was used with them. Basswood is also known as the American Linden and is a popular wood used by wood carvers.
"When I hear that poem, I am transported back to the days of my youth: '. . . for Basswood is Linden.'
BULLETIN BOARD SAYS: "Basswood is Linden" reminded us of . . . something that we couldn't place till after several moments of our version of deep thought. Finally it came to us (POTENTIAL SPOILER ALERT!):
From Al B of Hartland: (1) "I attended a sheep auction in England. Before the auctioneer began his banana oil, the tailgate of a truck fell open with a loud bang, reminding me of a sketch Johnny Carson performed as Carnac the Magnificent. Carnac was a mystic from the East who psychically divined answers to unknown questions. Ed McMahon held envelopes that had been hermetically sealed and kept in a mayonnaise jar on Funk and Wagnalls' porch since noon. Ed said: 'No one knows the contents of these envelopes, but you, in your mystical and borderline-divine way, will ascertain the answers having never before heard the questions.' Carnac held an envelope to his head, giving the answer before tearing open the envelope and removing an index card bearing the question. The answer: 'Sis-boom-bah.' The question: 'Describe the sound made when a sheep explodes.'"
(2) "After the tornado had passed, crows were vocal. Perhaps they'd found surviving the brutal December storm caws for celebration.
"I'm sure they had reason for the noise, as crows didn't make it to where they are today by being stupid."
Not exactly what he had in mind
Or: Our times
The Retired Pedagogue of Arden Hills reports: "Subject: My enthusiasm was curbed.
"I recently had an experience that made me think I was Larry David in an episode of 'Curb Your Enthusiasm.'
"I was opening the door of a bank when I spotted a woman less than half my age, approaching.
"As I stood in the entryway, I held the door open for her, and she entered the vestibule.
"As I reached for the door to the lobby, it swung open. She must have pushed the button that automatically opened that door.
"As I entered the lobby, she quickly walked around me up to the counter.
"As I stood dumbfounded, she carried out her transaction.
"As she turned to leave, I commented: 'You learn something new every day.'
"Without a word or a glance, she made her exit."
Band Name of the Day: Skin Tag Resolution — or: Fat Bold Squirrels
Website of the Day, recommended by Kathy S. of St. Paul: "Subject: A flashmob from 2010.
"YouTube is sending me videos of flashmobs. I wonder what younger kids would think of them. This is the Hallelujah Chorus by Handel, in 2010."
Author Bulletin BoardPosted on December 28, 2021
Previous Previous post: The Case of the Dueling Decorators — or: All's Noel That Ends Noel!
Next Next post: For Bill Shakespeare, "To pass or not to pass, that was the question . . ."


Directed by Jonathan Olshefski who filmed with vérité intimacy for almost a decade, QUEST is the moving portrait of an American family living in North Philadelphia.
HOBO lent to its considerable sonic skills to the acclaimed documentary "QUEST," premiering on PBS starting June 18 as part of their POV series.
Furthering their reputation as the go-to creative audio post house for cutting edge indie documentaries, HOBO lent to its considerable sonic skills to the acclaimed documentary "Quest," which following a successful film festival run that included winning a 2018 Independent Spirit Award and being named a 2017 official section at Sundance, will have its broadcast premiere on PBS starting June 18.
Part of PBS' POV series, "Quest," will air throughout June, and will also have select theatrical screenings around the U.S. A complete list of screening can be found here.
Directed by Jonathan Olshefski who filmed with vérité intimacy for almost a decade, QUEST is the moving portrait of an American family living in North Philadelphia. Beginning at the dawn of the Obama presidency, parents Christopher "Quest" Rainey, and his wife, Christine'a "Ma Quest" Rainey raise their family while navigating the poverty and strife that grips their neighborhood. Amid the chaos, they nurture a community of artists in their basement home music studio, but even this creative sanctuary can't always keep them safe. Epic in scope, QUEST is a vivid illumination of race and class in America, and a testament to love, commitment, healing and hope.
As you can imagine, any documentary film shot over nearly decade would face some audio challenges in terms of maintaining consistent sound quality throughout, however for Stangroom the biggest challenge he faced was a key scene in a hospital room with Quest and his injured daughter PJ. The scene features the two holding each other close and whispering, but the moment's emotional core is ruined due to the large amounts of room noise.
For HOBO President/Founder Howard Bowler, filmmaking is a collaborative experience with every everyone contributing creatively to make it work, and through sound, HOBO is especially good at pulling audiences into a story and keep them engaged.


The recent announcement that PSA Group, who own Peugeot and Citroen, will buy Vauxhall and Opel from their parent company General Motors for £1.9 bn will see the creation of the second largest car manufacturer in Europe (behind Volkswagen Group).
Vauxhall have 333 dealerships in the UK* along with major production plants at Ellsmere Port and Luton. The chairman of PSA, Carlos Tavares, has already suggested savings will be made of £1.47 billion per annum by 2026.
However going forward what could the effects be on the property market?
We are unlikely to see the wholesale closure of dealerships across the UK. In recent years there has been a trend for manufacturers to split their brands in terms of properties, whether this is separate sections of the same building or indeed totally separate buildings. There could be some scope for Vauxhall dealerships to incorporate the other brands into their sites, especially where they have previously had other GM brands such as Saab or Chevrolet. Given Vauxhall had just over 10% of the UK car market in 2015**, it's unlikely that the brand will disappear and there is the potential for new investment and growth.
However it is unlikely we will see any major moves in the dealership market in the short to medium term.
Where we expect there could be change is in the non-retail properties. Citroen recently sold their HQ in Slough and relocated to Coventry to share premises with Peugeot. We could foresee a similar situation with Vauxhall relocating some functions from its spiritual home in Luton.
The topic of Luton is probably the biggest question mark. With the new owners looking at costs and the general consensus that the enlarged group now has too many manufacturing facilities, this could be where the major effect on property will be felt. If one of the UK plants was to close, it is not only the plant itself which would be affected but all of the supporting infrastructure, from the manufacturers of parts to the workers in the nearby sandwich shop. However the effects of a hard or soft Brexit are likely to have an impact on the final decision on any plant's future.
Property investment could benefit from the takeover as the growth in the size of the company could lead to further investments, possibly the redevelopment of old sites for new state of the art facilities or even a relocation of all brands in a town to a single larger bespoke site. If the new owners can return Vauxhall (Opel) to profit, making their existing properties a more attractive investment, we could see the hardening of yields.
From a landlords perspective, the vast majority of Vauxhall dealerships have been run by national franchise dealer groups on a leasehold basis. Any landlords who own one of these investments, with a short or medium term lease in place to a franchise group on a Vauxhall site, should consider the chance of the enlarged PSA group rationalising their portfolio. In this case, Rapleys' Automotive & Roadside team are on hand to discuss a range of likely options for your asset.
For any further information, please contact Mark Frostick.


eDrugSearch.com, the Health 2.0 social network and comparison shopping site for prescription drug consumers, announced today that it has generated more than $2.1 million in sales for member pharmacies through 875,000 visitor referrals from its comparison shopping engine. This includes an estimated $435,000 in March, based on 175,000 referrals to member sites.
eDrugSearch.com launched in January 2007 as a vertical search engine enabling comparison shopping for Americans interested in purchasing safe, low-cost prescription drugs from prescreened international pharmacies. With more than 50,000 drug listings, eDrugSearch.com brings together licensed and accredited Canadian pharmacies from around the world in one comprehensive, easy-to-use database.
In February of this year, eDrugSearch.com expanded its mission by launching a social network, the eDrugSearch.com Community, that enables site visitors to rate and review drugs and pharmacies; monitor the latest FDA updates, price changes and other news related to their current drug regimens; and share experiences with others taking the same drugs or who have similar health conditions.
Byrd said that in just two months, the eDrugSearch.com Community has already led to a dramatic increase in the amount of time the average visitor spends on the site – which he says has led not only to overall growth in sales, but to an increase in sales per visitor.
"Before we launched our social network, most of our visitors bought some – but not all – of their prescription drugs through our site," explains Byrd. "Thanks to the community, we're beginning to form much stronger and more personal relationships with these customers. The site is 'stickier' now.
Byrd added that eDrugSearch.com soon will offer exclusive drug discounts to members who actively participate in the eDrugSearch.com Community.
Byrd said that eDrugSearch.com has clearly struck a chord with consumers, as evidenced by the fact that it has grown through word of mouth, without the benefit of advertising.


You'll own the stage in these exclusive Starchild Rock the Nation boots! Inspired by the tour, these Paul Stanley platform boots have a silver vinyl cuff with a silver strip going down the back of the leg to a silver heel. The sides of the boots have black vinyl with 5 cut outs that reveal silver vinyl star shapes. The boots have a black lace that goes up the length of the boot and secures on silver hooks. The tongue, toe, heel, and platform of the shoes are also silver. The heel is fully wrapped in vinyl and the sole of the shoe is a textured silver as well. Show everyone just how much you love KISS with these licensed boots!


His wife, children, mother-in-law, and niece died when house top floor collapsed.
A deadly fire claimed the lives of a Seventh-day Adventist pastor's family in Accra, Ghana, on August 19, 2018. Pastor Ebenezer Ato Kessie was away at camp meeting when fire engulfed his apartment, killing his wife, Linda, their two children, his mother-in-law, and his wife's niece, according to a report from the Southern Ghana Union Conference posted on the Adventist News Network site.
According to a news report in Ghana's Graphic Online newspaper, Kessie's mother-in-law, Grace Ampah, and a 9-year-old niece were visiting the home to help Linda Kessie take care of the Kessies' three-week-old son, their second child, who had still to be named. Linda was a teacher at Valley View University Basic School in Accra. The couple's 4-year-old son also died in the fire.
The newspaper reported that the fire is estimated to have started about 5:00 a.m. and that firefighters from the Ghana National Fire Service were only able to bring it under control about four hours later. Police were treating the location provisionally as a crime scene as they try to determine the cause of the fire.
Graphic Online's report described the pastor's home as being in an apartment complex in which four pastors' families lived. Kwabena Ofori Amoah, communication director of the Accra City Conference of the Adventist Church, told the newspaper that the Kessies occupied a three-bedroom apartment on the top floor. The church has still to come to terms with such a tragedy, and "it is really heartbreaking," he is quoted as saying.
According to Ghana's Adom News, local church leaders announced that the funeral and burial ceremony will take place on Sunday, August 26.


Stray Dogs, howling in the night.
Request: Does anyone have my dogs-bNc-07.xml file?
Chapter 32 - Text translation, scanlation, or dropped?
somebody saw any tankoubon of dogs??
ah.... Happy new Year 08!!
Dogs: B&C... volume 01 is 11 chapters or 13?


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text:
NYCC19 Schedule: Booth
Be sure to stop by Booth #1354 and check out Marvel at New York Comic Con!
by Marvel
Marvel's Booth Events are here! Stay up to date with Panels, Signings, Marvel Live! and other schedules at San Diego!
BOOTH SCHEDULE
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3rd
11:00 AM ET – 11:30 AM ET – True Believers: adidas, Joe Quesada and Jeff Staple
12:30 PM ET – 1:00 PM ET – MARVEL Earth's Mightiest Show (Presented by Target)
1:30 PM ET – 2:00 PM ET – Kabam and Marvel Games: Special Announcement
3:00 PM ET – 3:30 PM ET – Prop Store's Marvel Television Live Auction Announcement
4:00 PM ET – 4:30 PM ET – Marvel Comics: X-Men – Dawn of X Signing (feat. Ed Brisson, C.B. Cebulski, Tini Howard, Matteo Lolli, Benjamin Percy, Rod Reis, and Marcus To)
5:00 PM ET – 5:30 PM ET – Disney Parks: Action and Adventure with Your Favorite Super Heroes
5:45 PM ET – 6:00 PM ET – Marvel Mastercard Giveaway
6:00 PM ET – 7:00 PM ET – Marvel Super Hero Happy Giveaway Hour presented by Target
11:00 AM ET – 11:30 AM ET – Marvel Comics: INCOMING Signing (feat. Ed Brisson, Donny Cates, C.B. Cebulski, Al Ewing, Patrick Gleason, Tini Howard, Greg Pak, and Matthew Rosenberg)
11:45 AM ET – 1:00 PM ET – Marvel Contest of Champions: Summoner Showdown Finals
1:30 PM ET – 2:00 PM ET – Marvel Becoming Cosplay Photo Op
2:30 PM ET – 3:30 PM ET – Marvel's Runaways Signing*
5:00 PM ET – 5:30 PM ET – Power Pose presented by Citizen
6:00 PM ET – 7:00 PM ET – Marvel Super Hero Happy Giveaway Hour presented by Citizen
11:00 AM ET – 11:30 AM ET – Marvel's Avengers: Exclusive Character Spotlight
11:45 AM ET – 12:45 PM ET – Marvel Games: Marvel's Avengers Signing*
1:00 PM ET – 1:30 PM ET – 5th Anniversary Celebration of Kamala Khan
1:45 PM ET – 2:15 PM ET – Marvel's Iron Man VR: Voices of the Game
2:15 PM ET – 3:00 PM ET – Marvel Games: Marvel's Iron Man VR Signing*
3:15 PM ET – 3:45 PM ET – Joe Quesada MARVEL COMICS #1000 Special Variant Signing
4:30 PM ET – 5:00 PM ET – 2019 Marvel Contest of Champions: Ultimate NYCC Finals
5:30 PM ET – 6:30 PM ET – Marvel Becoming Cosplay Contest presented by GEICO**
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 6th
11:00 AM ET – 11:30 AM ET – MARVEL Eat the Universe
12:00 PM ET – 12:30 PM ET – MARVEL Earth's Mightiest Show
12:45 PM ET – 1:15 PM ET – Marvel's Iron Man VR: Behind the Script
1:30 PM ET – 2:00 PM ET – MARVEL The Pull List
2:30 PM ET – 3:00 PM ET – Marvel Becoming Kids Costume Event
4:00 PM ET – 5:00 PM ET – Marvel Super Hero Happy Giveaway Hour
*Ticketed event. Tickets distributed the morning of the signing at the Marvel Booth, as soon as the convention opens. Schedule subject to change.
**See Marvel.com/nycccostumecontest for full terms and conditions
In this article: New York Comic Con 2019
In the Marvel Universe, "Everybody's Welcome"
Joe Quesada, Vita Ayala and Edgar Delgado reflect on the ever-expanding Marvel Universe and an increasingly inclusive comic book industry.
Women of Marvel Welcomes Some Powerhouse Talent from NYCC 2019
So many incredible women together on one stage!
Costoberfest: Week 2's Marvel Cosplayers
See the next round of entrants of Costoberfest 2019!
Marvel Live
Disney Parks: Super Hero Experiences around the World at NYCC 2019!
Scot Drake, Portfolio Creative Executive and Dan Fields, Executive Creative Director, update New York Comic Con 2019 on all things Disney Parks and Super Heroes LIVE from the Marvel booth.