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Sainte-Anne-d'Auray  est une commune française, située dans le département du Morbihan en région Bretagne. Elle est célèbre pour son pèlerinage catholique en l'honneur de sainte Anne.

Géographie

Situation

Sainte-Anne-d'Auray est située dans le Morbihan, en Bretagne, et dépend du canton d'Auray, commune voisine d'où elle tire son nom.

Sainte-Anne-d'Auray fait partie du Parc naturel régional du golfe du Morbihan.

Description

De petite superficie et de création récente, Sainte-Anne-d'Auray a un relief plat compris entre 57 mètres pour le point le plus élevé (près de Kervenduc, à l'est du territoire communal) et 37 mètres d'altitude (dans la vallée du ruisseau de Léran (un affluent de rive droite du Sal qui a sa source dans la commune), à l'endroit où celui-ci quitte le finage communal. Le bourg est vers 45 mètres d'altitude.

La ville est caractérisée par une urbanisation éclatée entre plusieurs noyaux (le Bourg, les alentours de la Basilique, le Parc, Kerdeliau, la Croix Nicolazic, Toul Douar, le Petit Quéven) séparés par des parties restées souvent boisées, l'ensemble, en position centrale dans la commune, couvrant environ la moitié du territoire communal, dont les périphéries seules ont conservé un aspect rural à l'exception du hameau de Kervenduc, à l'extrémité orientale de la commune, qui connaît la rurbanisation.

Climat
Le climat qui caractérise la commune est qualifié, en 2010, de « climat océanique franc », selon la typologie des climats de la France qui compte alors huit grands types de climats en métropole. En 2020, la commune ressort du type « climat océanique » dans la classification établie par Météo-France, qui ne compte désormais, en première approche, que cinq grands types de climats en métropole. Ce type de climat se traduit par des températures douces et une pluviométrie relativement abondante (en liaison avec les perturbations venant de l'Atlantique), répartie tout au long de l'année avec un léger maximum d'octobre à février.

Les paramètres climatiques qui ont permis d'établir la typologie de 2010 comportent six variables pour les températures et huit pour les précipitations, dont les valeurs correspondent à la normale 1971-2000. Les sept principales variables caractérisant la commune sont présentées dans l'encadré ci-après.

Avec le changement climatique, ces variables ont évolué. Une étude réalisée en 2014 par la Direction générale de l'Énergie et du Climat complétée par des études régionales prévoit en effet que la  température moyenne devrait croître et la pluviométrie moyenne baisser, avec toutefois de fortes variations régionales. Ces changements peuvent être constatés sur la station météorologique de Météo-France la plus proche, « Auray », sur la commune d'Auray, mise en service en 1994 et qui se trouve à  à vol d'oiseau, où la température moyenne annuelle est de  et la hauteur de précipitations de  pour la période 1981-2010.
Sur la station météorologique historique la plus proche, « Vannes-Séné », sur la commune de Séné, mise en service en 1998 et à , la température moyenne annuelle évolue de  pour 1981-2010 à  pour 1991-2020.

Transports

Sainte-Anne-d'Auray est desservi par la D 17 qui va vers Pluneret au Sud et vers Plumergat en direction de l'Est ; la D 19 vers l'Ouest va en direction de Brech et la D 102 vers le Nord se dirige vers Pluvigner ; en direction du Sud-Ouest cette même route relie Sainte-Anne-d'Auray à Auray, où se trouve désormais la gare la plus proche desservie par des TGV Atlantique, celle de Sainte-Anne, située en fait en Pluneret et distante de 3 km, étant desservie uniquement par des TER.

La route expresse RN 165, qui passe au sud d'Auray, relie, grâce aux divers échangeurs desservant cette ville, commodément Sainte-Anne-d'Auray aux grands pôles urbains de l'Ouest de la France.

Urbanisme

Typologie
Sainte-Anne-d'Auray est une commune rurale, car elle fait partie des communes peu ou très peu denses, au sens de la grille communale de densité de l'Insee.
Elle appartient à l'unité urbaine de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray, une unité urbaine monocommunale de  en 2017, constituant une ville isolée.

Par ailleurs la commune fait partie de l'aire d'attraction de Vannes, dont elle est une commune de la couronne. Cette aire, qui regroupe , est catégorisée dans les aires de  à moins de .

Occupation des sols

L'occupation des sols de la commune, telle qu'elle ressort de la base de données européenne d'occupation biophysique des sols Corine Land Cover (CLC), est marquée par l'importance des territoires agricoles (62 % en 2018), néanmoins en diminution par rapport à 1990 (68,4 %). La répartition détaillée en 2018 est la suivante :
zones urbanisées (36,1 %), terres arables (31,8 %), zones agricoles hétérogènes (24,5 %), prairies (5,7 %), forêts (1,8 %).

L'IGN met par ailleurs à disposition un outil en ligne permettant de comparer l'évolution dans le temps de l'occupation des sols de la commune (ou de territoires à des échelles différentes). Plusieurs époques sont accessibles sous forme de cartes ou photos aériennes : la carte de Cassini (), la carte d'état-major (1820-1866) et la période actuelle (1950 à aujourd'hui).

Toponymie

Le nom en breton de la commune est Santez Anna Wened. Il s'agit d'un ancien hameau d'une quarantaine d'habitations situé dans la paroisse de Pluneret qui portait le nom de Ker Anna, et qui en breton signifie village d'Anne. Une tradition orale, diffusée par les fidèles chrétiens de cette région, voulait que Ker Anna fût appelé ainsi en référence à sainte Anne mais cette toponymie résulte d'un syncrétisme entre le vieux fond païen de la déesse Dana et le culte des saints chrétiens.

Le culte d'Anne, grand-mère de Jésus, s'est développé en ces lieux à la suite de l'apparition de celle-ci à Yvon Nicolazic, laboureur local.

Héraldique
Le blason évoque la main de sainte Anne tenant un cierge allumé lors de son apparition à Yvon Nicolazic. La petite montagne à trois bosses rappelle que ce cierge s'éleva et s'abaissa trois fois avant de disparaître dans le sol à l'emplacement où fut découvert une vieille statue de bois de sainte Anne. Les armoiries de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray sont « d'azur à un dextrochère de femme en carnation, tenant à la main en abîme un cierge d'argent à la flamme de gueules auréolée d'une gloire d'or, soutenu d'un mont à trois copeaux de sable liseré d'or, issant de la pointe ; au chef à cinq mouchetures d'hermine rangées en fasce ».

Histoire

Moyen-Âge
Une chapelle fut édifiée en un lieu qui fut nommé "Keranna" lors de l'immigration bretonne en Armorique ; elle fut détruite par les Normands au  ou au .

Au fil des siècles les paysans de l'endroit, aidés en cela par la toponymie du lieu-dit, auraient gardé le souvenir de la dévotion de leurs ancêtres à cet endroit, ce que confirma les dépositions faites par Yvon Nicolazic en 1625.

Temps modernes

Les apparitions

Au , comme aux siècles antérieurs, Keranna (Ker-Anna, le village de Sainte Anne en breton) est un simple hameau de la paroisse de Pluneret. « Le Ker-Anna du , c'est un hameau de six fermes, sept feux, trente ou quarante âmes ; des bâtiments de granit, coiffés de chaume, une fontaine, des champs d'avoine et de blé noir, un marécage. Il faut aller chercher la messe à trois quarts de lieue, sur le chemin d'Auray, au bourg de Pluneret. Parmi les champs de Ker-Anna, il y en a un qu'on appelle le Bocenno où quelques pierres enfouies, émergeant par endroits et gênant le travail du soc, accréditent la tradition qu'il y avait eu là, dans les temps anciens, une chapelle dédiée à sainte Anne ». Sainte Anne est traditionnellement très vénérée en Bretagne car selon une vieille légende, venant de Palestine, elle aurait abordé dans les dunes du fond de la Baie de Douarnenez, à Sainte-Anne-la-Palud, raison pour laquelle elle est devenue par la suite la sainte patronne des Bretons.

Les premières apparitions de sainte Anne à Yvon Nicolazic, paysan qui ne savait ni lire ni écrire, datent de l'été 1623, mais l'apparition principale est celle de la nuit du 25 au  où sainte Anne lui aurait déclaré : .

Dans la nuit du 7 au , accompagné de son beau-frère et de voisins, Yvon Nicolazic se rend à nouveau dans le champ du Bocenno, où avaient lieu les apparitions (et qui était le site de l'ancienne chapelle disparue) et y déterre une vieille statue à moitié pourrie en bois d'olivier (une hypothèse prétend que la statue soit celle de la déesse romaine Bona Dea allaitant deux enfants discrètement re-sculptée et repeinte par les moines capucins d'Auray pour en faire l'image de sainte Anne trinitaire tenant sur ses genoux la Vierge et l'Enfant Jésus ; ceci reste invérifiable, la statue ayant disparu pendant la Révolution française.

La nouvelle de cette découverte devint publique. « La populace, dévote et curieuse, vint y faire ses prières et y répandre ses offrandes (...). On vit des pèlerins y accourir en (...) grand nombre ».

Le recteur de Pluneret, jusque-là réticent et méfiant, finit par se laisser convaincre, de même que l'évêque de Vannes, Sébastien de Rosmadec, qui interrogea Yvon Nicolazic en mai 1625.

La première chapelle est bénie le .

Les débuts du pèlerinage

Depuis, l'histoire de Sainte-Anne d'Auray est très liée à la religion catholique. À la mort d'Yvon Nicolazic en 1645, le pèlerinage, organisé par des religieux Carmes installés dans le village depuis 1633 à la demande de Sébastien de Rosmadec est déjà très fréquenté.

Selon Ogée, « la maison des religieux est très grande et très commode, mais sans magnificence. L'enclos et les jardins très vastes, parfaitement entretenus, offrent les promenades les plus agréables et les plus diversifiées. Les environs, remplis de marais et trop couverts de bois, ont rendu longtemps le séjour malsain, et il y a apparence que l'on ne connaissait pas le principe [la cause] du mal, puisqu'on y apportait point de remède. Enfin les esprits se sont éclairés, et l'on s'est empressé de détruire cette source de maladie. On a desséché les marais, on a coupé et élagué les bois, et cette double opération a rendu l'air salubre et le séjour agréable ».

Sainte-Anne-d'Auray (ou  en breton  Santez-Anna-Wened) est devenu rapidement le principal lieu de pèlerinage de la Bretagne. On y vient depuis 1625, pour commémorer l'apparition de sainte Anne, grand-mère maternelle de Jésus-Christ, à Yves Nicolazic. Louis XIII offrit un morceau d'os de la sainte, dont le corps avait été ramené à Apt par sainte Marie-Madeleine et sainte Marthe.

La Scala Santa est construite par les Carmes en 1662 ; la tradition voulut que les pèlerins montassent ses marchés à genoux. Elle fut démontée en 1870.

Dès le  il se forme autour du monastère des Carmes une bourgade de merciers qui vendent une quantité  « assez considérable de joujoux d'enfants et de bagues de verre, qu'ils tirent de Saumur, mais les deux articles de plus grande consommation sont les chapelets et les scapulaires.

Révolution française
Lors de la Révolution française, le couvent des Carmes est vendu comme bien national et les religieux dispersés (les Carmes partent le ) ; en 1794 la chapelle est saccagée, la statue miraculeuse de sainte Anne enlevée et brûlée ; mais la Terreur n'empêcha pas les Bretons de continuer à venir en foule fréquenter le sanctuaire où des prêtres, déguisés en paysans, haranguaient les paysans.

Le

La première moitié du
La Bataille de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray oppose les Chouans et les Impériaux à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray le .

Le petit séminaire de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray ouvre en 1815 dans les bâtiments de l'ancien couvent des Carmes, rachetés par l'évêché de Vannes, de même que la chapelle.

Le pèlerinage au
La fin de la Révolution et le Concordat permirent au pèlerinage de redevenir très fréquenté. La chapelle est rendue au culte en juillet 1802. En 1824 une nouvelle statue de sainte Anne remplace celle qui a été brûlée pendant la Révolution. De nombreuses personnalités y viennent comme la duchesse de Berry en 1828, Napoléon III et l'impératrice en 1858, le président de la république Mac Mahon en 1874. La chapelle du , devenue beaucoup trop petite pour pouvoir accueillir l'afflux croissant des pèlerins, est remplacée par la basilique actuelle, œuvre d'Édouard Deperthes, construite entre 1865 et 1877. La consécration de la basilique en 1877 attira une foule immense, de même que la plantation de la Croix de Jérusalem en 1886 ou encore la translation de la relique de sainte Anne de offerte par le pape Léon XIII en 1894. Vers 1900, plus de 70 paroisses bretonnes y viennent chaque année en procession.

Dans l'enceinte de la Nécropole nationale de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray sont inhumés une vingtaine de corps de soldats de l'Armée de la Loire morts pendant la Guerre de 1870.

Le  les zouaves pontificaux, avec à leur tête Charette et Louis-Gaston de Sonis, viennent en pèlerinage à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray. Une grande manifestation légitimiste fut organisée le  à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray.

Le pèlerinage et ses mendiants sont ainsi décrits en 1887 :

Le

La Belle Époque

En 1900 le Conseil municipal de Pluneret done un avis défavorable à un projet de tramway devant desservir au départ de la gare d'Auray la Chartreuse d'Auray, Auray, Pluneret et la basilique de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray « pour plaire aux voituriers de Sainte-Anne ». En juillet 1914 le journal L'Ouest-Éclair dénonce les voituriers qui, à la gare, « bousculent les voyageurs et se livrent sur eux nous pourrions presque dire à des voies de fait pour les contraindre à monter dans leurs carrioles » ; le journal poursuit en demandant que le maire de Pluneret taxe le prix des places et que les tarifs soient affichés à l'intérieur des voitures « tandis qu'actuellement on assiste à l'exploitation la plus éhontée ».

Après la fermeture de l'école privée congrégationniste en vertu de la Loi sur les congrégations, une école privée est ouverte à Sainte-Anne-en-Pluneret (Sainte-Anne-d'Auray) en septembre 1902.

Le  l'inventaire des biens d'église de la basilique de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray provoqua une grande manifestation : un millier de fidèles, munis de bâtons et de pen-baz, certains de fusils, se massèrent devant la basilique dont les portes furent barricadées.

L'établissement de la congrégation des Sœurs de Marie-Joseph du Dorat, qui avait été transféré de Vannes à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray par décret du  est supprimé par un décret du président de la République Armand Fallières en date du  en vertu de la loi sur les congrégations.

Le Mémorial de la Première Guerre mondiale
269 soldats belges et 9 soldats russes morts sur le sol français pendant la Première Guerre mondiale sont inhumés dans la Nécropole nationale de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray.

Un Mémorial aux victimes bretonnes de la Grande Guerre, dont la première pierre est posée le , est inauguré de manière solennelle le . Il évoque les  Bretons qui seraient morts au combat pendant cette guerre, chiffre considéré désormais comme exagéré par les historiens, qui estiment le nombre des Bretons morts au combat à environ . Des cérémonies commémoratives étaient organisées chaque année en mémoire des morts bretons de la Grande Guerre : par exemple celles du , en présence du cardinal Verdier et du général Weygand, attirèrent une foule considérable. Ce monument est désormais dédié aux disparus de toutes les guerres.

Le pèlerinage au

L'abbé Louis Cadic a été chapelain de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray de 1880 à 1935.

Tous les étés, le 26 juillet, un pèlerinage y a lieu : le pardon de sainte Anne.

On compte une moyenne de  par an dans la décennie 1920 (en 1914, juste avant la déclaration de guerre,  y accoururent à la demande de l'évêque de Vannes, et de nombreux soldats démobilisés y vinrent le  à la demande de Mgr Gouraud) et de  par an vers la fin du  à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray.

L'afflux des marchands lors du grand pèlerinage est tel que par exemple en 1927, à la demande du Préfet du Morbihan, le maire de Pluneret prit un arrêté « qui interdit tout étalage de boutiques sur presque tous les trottoirs dans la traversée de Sainte-Anne. Les quelques places qui sont autorisées pour les étalages sont louées à l'année et il ne reste plus à prendre pour les marchands étrangers que quelques places sur les trottoirs de la rue de Vannes, le long du mur du jardin du séminaire et sur la rue de la Chartreuse, le long de la Scala Santa, après la pompe ».

La création de la paroisse, puis de la commune, de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray
En 1888 une demande de création d'une section électorale distincte au sein de la commune de Pluneret est faite par les habitants de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray qui arguent que, sur 800 électeurs inscrits dans la commune, 300 habitent le village de Sainte-Anne et que la distance de 4 km qui sépare celui-ci du chef-lieu communal est un obstacle à l'accomplissement de leur devoir d'électeur.

En 1903 des habitants du village de Sainte-Anne demandent l'érection de la section de Sainte-Anne en commune distincte ; le comte de Lambilly, déclare : « Sainte Anne (...) reçoit des visiteurs nombreux et ce village est devenu un véritable gros bourg, où une brigade de gendarmerie, un bureau de poste, de télégraphe et une école de garçons existent déjà. (...) La nouvelle commune aurait 495 hectares, tandis que Pluneret serait diminué de 469 hectares. (...) Plumergat perdrait seulement 26 hectares (...). Le nombre d'habitants de Sainte-Anne serait de  environ. La population de Pluneret serait de  au lieu de  habitants. Celle de Plumergat tomberait de  à  habitants ». Mais le Conseil général du Morbihan donna un avis défavorable.

Une nouvelle demande est faite en 1929. Léopold Le Bourgo, conseiller général du canton de Lorient, défendant le projet déclare : « Je dis que les intérêts de Sainte-Anne sont différents de ceux de Pluneret : Sainte-Anne est composée presque exclusivement de commerçants ; Pluneret est une commune essentiellement agricole » ; la demande fut à nouveau rejetée par le Conseil général du Morbihan (18 voix contre, 16 pour) ; le conseil municipal de Pluneret avait pour sa part déjà rejeté le projet lors de sa délibération du  par 12 voix contre 9 (« le démembrement de la commune de Pluneret grèverait gravement ses intérêts en lui enlevant sa partie la plus riche ». En décembre 1929 les dix conseillers municipaux de la section de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray donnèrent leur démission du conseil municipal de Pluneret en signe de protestation contre le refus du Conseil général du Morbihan d'ériger leur section, éloignée du bourg de Pluneret, en commune.

Sainte-Anne-d'Auray a longtemps fait partie de la paroisse et commune de Pluneret. La paroisse de Sainte-Anne d'Auray est créée le , en regroupant le domaine du sanctuaire, l'ancien Ker Anna et plusieurs villages de la paroisse de Pluneret, ainsi que d'autres villages dépendant jusqu'ici de la paroisse de Plumergat. Le village étant composé en majorité d'artisans et de commerçants qui vivent de plus en plus de l'industrie touristique développée comme centre régional de piété bretonne, ces derniers voient l'intérêt de devenir une commune autonome pour bénéficier d'un essor plus rapide et plus rémunérateur, si bien que Sainte-Anne-d'Auray est érigée en commune indépendante de celle de Pluneret le .

La Seconde Guerre mondiale

Le  le père Le Barth, premier recteur de la paroisse, est fusillé par les Allemands devant la maison Sainte-Marie, ainsi que le père Allanic, économe du petit séminaire depuis 1913 et organiste de la basilique, et trois autres victimes civiles : Xavier Brianceau, Augustine Henry et Stanislas Le Louer. Les soldats allemands pénètrent ensuite dans la basilique dans le but de l'incendier. Mais le feu ne prit pas et la basilique fut peu endommagée, même si des traces de l'incendie sont encore visibles au niveau des confessionnaux .

L'après Seconde Guerre mondiale

Le général De Gaulle vient en pèlerinage à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray en 1947. En 1949 le cardinal Roncalli, nonce apostolique à Paris et futur pape Jean XXIII, présidé les Fêtes de sainte Anne.

La Nécropole nationale de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray ouvre en 1959. Des corps de soldats morts lors de diverses guerres (guerre de 1870, Première et Seconde Guerres mondiales, guerre d'Indochine) Français et étrangers (Belges principalement), qui étaient inhumés dans divers cimetières de Bretagne, Poitou et Pays de Loire, y ont été rassemblés.

Jean-Paul II y est venu en pèlerinage le  où il a rassemblé , première visite d'un pape en Bretagne. Une relique du pape (une mèche de cheveux) a été offerte en 2014 au sanctuaire.

Le

Politique et administration

Démographie

Langue bretonne
À la rentrée 2016, 55 élèves étaient scolarisés dans la filière bilingue catholique (soit 7,7 % des enfants de la commune inscrits dans le primaire) .

Lieux et monuments

Le pèlerinage de Sainte-Anne d'Auray est le plus important de la région. Au , l'affluence est telle que la chapelle devient trop petite. Pour y remédier, la basilique est bâtie. Aujourd'hui, le sanctuaire est le témoin d'une ferveur religieuse typiquement bretonne. En visitant le sanctuaire, on découvre un ensemble de monuments de différentes époques :
 basilique du , construite par l'architecte Édouard Deperthes, inscrite à l'inventaire du Patrimoine ;
 le cloître des Carmes du , classé Monument historique ; c'est aujourd'hui le monument le plus ancien de Ste-Anne-d'Auray, construit pas les Carmes en 1641 ; il sépare la basilique de l'ancien couvent des Carmes occupé de nos jours par le collège-lycée ;

 un ensemble de bâtiments du  attenants au cloître inscrit à l'inventaire du Patrimoine ;
 la fontaine, lieu de la première apparition de sainte Anne ;
 le Mémorial de la Grande Guerre de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray, édifié de 1922 à 1932  par les cinq diocèses de Bretagne pour garder le souvenir « des  Bretons victimes de la Première Guerre mondiale » dû à l'architecte René Ménard ;

 la statue monumentale de Sainte Anne et Marie ;
 l'espace Jean-Paul-II, réalisé après la venue du pape, le  ;
 la Scala Santa, qui faisait office de porte monumentale au sanctuaire.

D'autres sites sont à découvrir à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray :
 le monument du « comte de Chambord » ;

 la maison de Nicolazic ;

 la nécropole nationale de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray ;

 le Musée de cire, l'Historial ;
 dans le complexe de la basilique : la galerie des statues, la galerie d'exposition et le trésor du sanctuaire, qui possède notamment une chasuble  « dite » d'Anne d'Autriche dont on dit qu'elle aurait été offerte en 1638 par celle-ci à sa sainte patronne en remerciement de la naissance de son fils, le futur Louis XIV (mais dont l'authenticité est douteuse);
 l'Académie de Musique et d'Arts Sacrés qui porte un projet culturel et l'animation musicale du site avec ses chœurs, sa musique (grand orgue Cavaillé Coll, école d'orgue et de bombarde)...
 le parc Camborne.

Événement
Depuis 2008, la commune de Sainte-Anne-d'Auray accueille chaque année au mois d'août le Festival Les Galettes du Monde qui a pour but de faire découvrir les arts culinaires et culturels.

Tableaux représentant Sainte-Anne-d'Auray
 Joseph-Félix Bouchor : Pèlerinage à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray (huile sur toile, musée des beaux-arts de Vannes)

Jumelages
 .

Personnalités liées à la commune
 Yves Nicolazic (1591-1645), paysan breton a qui Sainte Anne serait apparue.
 Liane de Pougy (1869-1950), courtisane puis religieuse, a passé une partie de son enfance à Sainte-Anne-d'Auray.
 Roger Marage (1922-2012), peintre, graveur a vécu et décédé dans cette ville.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Patrick Huchet, La grande histoire de Sainte-Anne d'Auray, Pierre Téqui, éd. 2, 2005 , 221 p.

Articles connexes
 Liste des communes du Morbihan
 Gare Sainte-Anne (Morbihan)

Liens externes
 Site officiel de la commune

 Site sur la basilique de Sainte-Anne
 Sainte-Anne-d'Auray sur le site de l'Insee

Lieu de pèlerinage catholique
Pardon breton
Ville de pèlerinage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Counteracting prejudice through peace was the theme of a multi-faith dinner celebrating the Easter festival.
More than 240 guests were at the event held at the Aagrah at Midpoint which was organised by Canon Yaqub Masih of Huddersfield.
The dinner was attended by a host of dignitaries including three Lord Mayors, three deputy lieutenants, and chief constables as well as members of all faiths across the area.
Canon Masih said: "It was a very successful event. We were very happy with it and it had two purposes – it was not just a social gathering but we also wanted to educate and raise awareness about the Christian festival of Easter, what it means and why it is so important to us.
The occasion began with a prayer and Canon Masih's nephews and nieces performed a drama depicting the crucifixion of Christ which his daughter, Naz, directed.
Canon Masih is no stranger to promoting community relations and has been honoured by Prince Charles with an MBE for his efforts.
He said there was persecution of minorities both in this country and abroad but the way to counteract that was through peace.


For your attention new 3 bedroom apartments in Sitges, the town located close to the seaside, only 30 minutes from Barcelona.
Some of the apartments are duplex.
All of them consist of 3 bedrooms, a living room, 2 bathrooms, a kitchen and a terrace.
The building has an underground parking and a community swimming pool.
The construction of this complex will be finished in November of 2018.
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Behind every innovation is a diverse team of people with different cultural backgrounds and perspectives. Although it's tempting to believe that similarity is the path to success, true innovation flourishes when fueled by multiple perspectives.
You don't have to be a company with a global presence in order to benefit from cultural diversity on your team. Many North American businesses look for talent internationally in an effort to bring new perspectives to the table.
In our office, Mango Languages embraces cultural diversity — there are over 30 languages collectively spoken by Mango Languages team members — 'Mangos' — and over 19 different cultural backgrounds represented.
What are some ways that my organization can embrace cultural diversity?
Expand your social circle in the office or lunchroom and invite others to join you for lunch who you might not normally ask. Who knows, you might even make a new friend.
Request an additional field to be added to your company's internal newsletter or a space on your intranet where team members can pitch ideas which might not normally be heard.
Consider joining an ESL/ELL conversation group to help expats who are learning English. These groups are also a great way to get to know people from other cultures!
Weave diverse cultural behaviors and etiquette into the everyday work environment. For example, practice the Japanese way of handing out a business card (using both hands) or the German way of conducting a meeting — straight to the point.
Take a course exploring another culture or language. Ask your human resources department or training and development team about cultural and language-learning resources available in your organization's LMS (learning management system).
Learn more about how Mango Languages facilitates cross-cultural learning and dialogue for businesses, K-12 schools, government, public libraries, and higher-ed institutions. Log into Mango or create a free profile below to start learning more about different cultures and languages around the world.
In what ways has your community celebrated cultural diversity? Let us know in the comments below!


Patient-completed or symptom-based screening tools for endometriosis: a scoping review.
The clinical presentation of endometriosis is variable, and symptoms may overlap with those of other benign conditions: differential diagnosis is challenging.
A patient-completed screening questionnaire could potentially facilitate the recognition of endometriosis-related symptoms, reducing diagnostic delays.
Diagnostic delay is a common problem in endometriosis and identifying endometriosis as early as possible may help to avoid subsequent sequelae.
A literature review was performed through a PubMed search.
The purpose is to identify and evaluate existing screening questionnaires and/ or symptom-based predictive models as screening tools for endometriosis in adult women.
The studies related to endometriosis, deep infiltrating endometriosis, and organ-specific endometriosis studies evaluated separately.
16 studies were found that fulfilled predefined criteria. Most utilized required information to be completed by physicians, such as imaging and laboratory studies results and had diagnostic purposes.
Only 1 study evaluated a questionnaire that was solely patient-completed.
Most studies focused on diagnosis versus screening the presence of endometriosis, and validation for use as a screening tool was lacking.
Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women in reproductive age. Its clinical presentation is variable, and symptoms, such as chronic pelvic pain, may overlap with those of other benign conditions, making differential diagnosis challenging. Therefore, a patient-completed screening questionnaire could potentially facilitate the recognition of endometriosis-related symptoms, reducing diagnostic delays.
The aim of this literature review was to identify and evaluate existing screening questionnaires and/ or symptom-based predictive models which could be potentially used as screening tools for endometriosis in adult women. The authors conducted a PubMed search and identified 16 studies that fulfilled predefined criteria. Most of the questionnaires utilized required information to be completed by physicians, such as imaging and laboratory studies results and had diagnostic purposes.
The authors concluded that existing symptom-based tools have limited clinical utility and endorse the need for a validated, brief and uncomplicated patient-completed screening tool for endometriosis. This sort of initiatives can be particularly interesting to engage patients in their diagnosis and treatment, especially in a scenario of a growing number of patients that perform symptom-related web searches.


text:
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Sky Sports Radio Team
Andrew Bensley
Andrew has an extensive news background and a true passion for racing.Since joining the Sky Racing team in 1998, Andrew has etched himself as the premier news man of racing, providing news services for television, radio, print, online and social media.
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Chantelle Buckley
Chantelle was born and bred into racing through a family of jockeys and trainers. She started her race riding career in 2006 and still rides trackwork every morning and maintains a very hands on approach with thoroughbreds. Chantelle joined Sky Racing in 2015 and is currently expressing her lifetime knowledge through the barrier trials coverage and race day coverage for Sky.
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Gavin Carmody
Gavin joined Sky Racing in 2011 after a successful radio career working with Alan Jones at 2GB.Gavin has racing in his blood with his brother Craig, a former Group One winning Sydney jockey and now trainer.A regular host of Sky Racing's trial coverage, Gavin primarily features on Sky Thoroughbred Central's LIVE race day broadcasts.
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Famed former Australia and NSW cricketer, Stuart Clark, joined the big Sports Breakfast Weekend team in 2011.He has a well-rounded sports knowledge and an articulate presentation. Recreationally, he harbours a deep passion for his Cronulla Sharks.Stuart has been a member of the Sky Sports Radio team since 2007.
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Bernadette Cooper
A successful career in the saddle has given 'Bernie' enormous credibility as a host and analyst.Her expert opinions and insight into Queensland racing have proved invaluable insight for viewers on Sky Thoroughbred Central, as regular 'on the pony' at big race meetings, and as host of the popular show The Playbook.
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Shawn Cosgrove
Shawn Cosgrove has relished a radio and television career of more than 30 years.He started at Radio 3UZ in Melbourne during the mid 70s coordinating races on air when his station confreres were Don Lane, Bert Newton, Bert Bryant and Ugly Dave Gray. Later he transferred to music radio at 3KZ, GOLD FM and Easy Listening 3MP, and was for many years, he was the "Come on Down" voice-over man on the TV show, The Price is Right.Throughout his long media career, Shawn's love of racing was undiminished and he enjoys all codes of racing on Sky Sports Radio as host of Racing HQ every Tuesday, and on the National Racing Service team.
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Cassie Fahey
With a birthday the same day as the horses, and from a proud New Zealand racing family, a career within the sport always seemed likely for Cassie.Growing up with trackwork as a norm, she continued to develop her grass roots knowledge by preparing yearlings during University holidays. After graduating, Cassie enjoyed a stint travelling around Australia, before returning to NZ, where she embarked on a race broadcasting career. Cassie accepted a role with Trackside and gained valuable experience traversing the South Island of NZ, hosting on-course live broadcasts.Soon after attending the Sky Racing Academy in 2018, Cassie moved to Sydney, and now enjoys her busy schedule covering all things racing for Sky, and bringing a Kiwi flavour to the coverage.
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Richard Freedman
Richard has a strong background in racing having been a member of the renowned Freedman Brothers racing stables.Richard has returned to the training ranks, but is able to offer his insightful and often outspoken views as the host of News Central every Wednesday night on Sky Thoroughbred Central.
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John Gatfield
John Gatfield is a thoroughbred racehorse owner and breeder, and a strong supporter of racing. He has spent his working life in commercial television news and current affairs, including 13 years with Sky News Australia.He spent three years with Racing NSW before joining Sky Racing in 2012 working as a studio host across Sky 1, Sky 2 and Sky Thoroughbred Central. John has also worked with the AOC at four Olympic Games, the Australian team at the Commonwealth Games in Manchester, Melbourne and Delhi.
Brittany Graham
Brittany grew up in a strong harness racing family and spent her childhood as around the stables. While studying marketing at university, she began a successful career as a race driver, grabbing the opportunity to drive in races throughout Australia New Zealand and North America. Attending consecutive Sky Racing Academies in 2017 and 2018, Brittany developed a passion for racing media and is enjoying the opportunities since arriving on the Sky Racing coverage.She still enjoys a 'hands-on' role in the industry, training horses and having the odd drive when time permits.
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Adam's association with Sky Racing began in 1996 as a harness racing presenter. For the next 15 years he juggled on-course hosting at harness racing's biggest events and panellist duties on In The Gig, with his full-time role at the Herald Sun newspaper and radio host on RSN radio in Melbourne.Adam joined Tabcorp in late 2011 and is now Head of Media Communications, but his passion for harness racing still runs deep.After covering every Inter Dominion since 1997, he continues to co-host for the Sky Racing network during the sports' biggest events.
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Born in Perth, Simon moved to Sydney in 1987. As a youngster he harboured a desire to become a news reader but later an enthusiasm for racing emerged.On finishing High School, he spent five-nights a week in the 2KY Parramatta studios learning the craft of race coordinating, with ABC broadcaster Mike Broadhurst helping to develop and refine his vocal skills.Simon now is the afternoon presenter of the National Racing Service on Sky Sports Radio. In his own words, ''bringing the races to the people'' is his daily passion.
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Richard Haynes
Richard is a constant on Sky Thorougbred Central and brings over 20 years thoroughbred racing and industry experience to his commentary.His previous roles range from Racing Manager and Bloodstock and Pedigree consultancy, before progressing to become one of the thoroughbred racing media's most well repsected television presenters.Richard is regular host of a number of Sky racing programs, but is at his best in a 'LIVE' environment, interviewing Australia's leading trainers, jockeys and owners.
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Dan Huddy
Dan joined Sky Racing in 2018, after making the move from Perth where he worked with Racing and Wagering WA and TABradio as a presenter on radio and social media.Dan is a passionate racing fan and still has strong ties in the breeding and ownership sphere back in Perth.Featuring regularly on the red and blue screens of Sky Racing, Dan is an emerging talent who is enthusiastic about a long career in race broadcasting.
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Andrew joined Tabcorp in 2000, working in various teams as a TAB Representative in the retail sector.After having a spell in 2006, he returned in 2013 and joined the Tabcorp Media Team which subsequently extended to becoming a broadcaster on Sky Racing.Andrew brings an enthusiastic approach to his roles and can be seen and heard across a variety of platforms both as a Sky Racing Host and TAB Representative on Sky Sports Radio, Sky 1, Sky 2, and TAB Audio.
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Lizzie Jelfs
In her own elegant and classic style, English-born racing expert and host, Lizzie Jelfs personifies everything wonderful within the Racing Industry.Recognised for the role she played in the success of the David Hayes stables, Lizzie is dedicated to engaging and empowering all with her expertise and understanding of everything that happens trackside.Lizzie can be seen on Sky Thoroughbred Central, where she delivers her sought after Pick Of The Yard tips and probing 'LIVE' interviews, covering the sport she so dearly loves.
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Gary Kliese
After a successful riding career spanning 21 years was brought to a premature close, by spinal injuries caused in a race fall in 1996, Gary Kliese joined the Sky Racing team in 1998.From horse form assessment, selections, pre-and post-race interviews with jockeys, trainers, racing identities and background stories, Gary is trackside host at 15 race courses in northern NSW.With a knowledge and appreciation of the thoroughbred industry, Gary loves his work and hopes to continue to provide the Sky Racing audience with a comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the sport and provide plenty of winners.
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Paul Langham
Melbourne-born, Paul developed a keen interest in racing and radio from a young age.After having met Ron Hawkswell, he was encouraged to pursue race calling and then gained part-time radio work with 3UZ (now Radio Sport National) and at the ABC assisting Greg Miles. Ultimately he gained full-time employment with Triple S FM in Canberra then 2KY (now Sky Sports Radio) in Sydney.Paul considers himself fortunate to be doing a job he enjoys in presenting racing to the SSR audience. Apart from studio work, Paul has celebrated 30 years of calling the picnic meetings at Dederang in north-east Victoria.
Jason Lincoln
As a self-confessed 'racing nerd' Jason brings a rare depth of knowledge across the three Australian racing codes, as well as the International scene.A runaway winner of Sky Channels 'Racing Wiz' series in 2012, Jason brings a broad wealth of experience to Sky having been a Stipendiary Steward, form analyst and a professional punter over the past 20 years.Jason is currently seen weekly on Sky Racing as an on air presenter, as well as co-hosting The Catching Pen and Chasers and Pacers.
Priscilla Looker
Priscilla was born into a racing family, so it was only natural for her to follow in the footsteps of her grandfathers who were trainers and father, a jockey and now a trainer.Too many broken bones suffered in her own career forced Priscilla into early retirement. She has a passion for both the racing and equestrian industry and still competes on weekends.Priscilla lives and breathe horses and would not want it any other way.
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Andrew has been a prominent media gure in Sydney for almost 30 years, after starting his career on the airwaves at radio 2GB.After working alongside the biggest names in the business at 2UE, 'Marto' switched to NOVA969, where he was an integral part of the top rating breakfast show.Andrew has won a host of awards along the way, including a prestigous ACRA award as Commercial Radio's best sports presenter. A lifetime horse racing fan, he brings a passionate enthusiasm to his role as race day host on Sky 1.
Michael Maxworthy
Originally from Sydney, Michael has extensive experience in the media including radio, race broadcasting and as a TV host in Singapore.A professional approach and presenting style has seen Michael become one of the strong contributors across Sky Racing's platforms and an integral part of the Queensland throughbred racing coverage.
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Mike McCann
Like all passionate Tasmanians, Mike McCann has vivid memories of 40/1 shot Piping Lane's shock win in the 1972 Melbourne Cup - after that he was hooked.A career in international and domestic sports broadcasting followed, starting in Perth in the halcyon days at Gloucester Park when the great Pure Steel was taking on Satinover, then covering nine Olympic Games with commentary in 20 countries since the first 'big one', the 1986 Commonwealth Games.Mike joined Sky Racing in 2010, bringing that wealth of experience to raceday coverage across Sky 1, Sky 2 and Sky Thoroughbred Central.
Mark McNamara
After 10 years in New Zealand it's back to where it all began at Sky Racing.A cadetship straight out of school led to a position with radio station 2KY and following 12 years working for 2KY/Sky Channel, doing everything from racecalling, radio and television studio presenting, Mark took the opportunity to take up the position of South Island Thoroughbred and Harness caller for Trackside in NZ.This led to calling 10 New Zealand Cups, 10 Grand National Carnivals and a host of Group 1 Harness and Thoroughbred meetings.September 2019 saw a return to Sky Racing as a presenter and racecaller.Away from racing Mark is a massive Cronulla Sharks fan.
Gerard Middleton
Gerard began his media career in London in 2006 working for UK racing and sports betting publication, The Sportsman.He then freelanced for The Sunday Telegraph and BigPond Sport in Sydney before spending more than seven years at Fox Sports as a presenter and reporter.As a TAB media representative, Gerard provides the latest market information on Formline and on track for Sky Thoroughbred Central, as well as providing general sports market updates.Tuesday night's Gerard hosts the popular Punter's Intelligence show on Sky Thoroughbrted Central, and counts himself extremely fortunate he can talk sport, racing and the punt for a living.
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Glenn Munsie
Glenn was around racetracks even before he was born.He has been a part of the TAB/Sky Racing team in a variety of roles since 1999.Glenn now concentrates on racing, providing up-to-the-second TAB betting information, either LIVE trackside or hosting from the studio, for meetings covered by Sky Thoroughbred Central.He can also be seen regularly as both panellist and host on Formline, Formline Extra and a host of other programs.Glenn's analysis of the betting markets and moves are always extremely helpful in providing viewers with an edge as they strive to back a winner.
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Marc Ohlmus
A sports-mad Melbournian, Marc's fondest memories are ignited at a sporting event or hearing the not-so-finely-tuned sounds of a transistor radio blaring sports or racing.After finishing university, Marc chased his passion – racing – which led him to a job at the Victoria Racing Club. Western Australia followed where Marc worked for Perth Racing, co-hosting the Sky International and Thoroughbred Central coverage in the west.He also co-hosted TAB Radio's The Sunday Aftermath and occasionally popped up as a bid spotter at the Magic Millions sales.In 2017, Marc completed the Sky Racing Academy under the guidance of Cameron Williams and Lochie Daddo before joining the Sky Racing team full time.
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Nick Quinn
Nick's love for horse racing began when drawing the horse from heaven, Saintly, to win the 1996 Melbourne Cup in the primary school sweep.After leaving school Nick got his first job in the racing media working in newspapers.In 2007 Nick accepted a job in the Herald Sun racing team and worked there until joining the Melbourne TAB media team in 2013.Nick can be seen regularly on Sky 1 providing TAB updates for punters.
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Greg Radley
After a lengthy reign as host of Race Day on Sky Sports Radio, Greg made a smooth transition to Sky Racing where he anchored Off the Rails.A well known figure in the racing and media industries, Greg has established himself as the premier host of Sky Racing's feature race day coverage on Sky Thoroughbred Central and flagship programs Formline and Thoroughbred Weekly.
Jaimee Rogers
Jaimee's introduction to racing was early in life, as her grandparents were racehorse owners and she followed in their footsteps with ownership in horses and greyhounds over the years.Jaimee has been at Tabcorp since 2009, moving to the Media Team in 2014 and works across the TAB and Sky Racing brands.Jaimee is part of the Big Sports Breakfast team on Sky Sports Radio mornings, and is a regular host and markets expert on shows such as Formline and Formline Extra.
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John Scorse
With a riding career spanning 26 seasons, John rode more than 1100 winners including four Group 1s and two Group 2s.John rode with success over many tracks tasting success in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, WA, Canberra and Darwin.He retired from riding in 2004 and started work in his new media career at Sky Racing in 2007.John hosts race meetings in the South East and Southern Districts of NSW, where he provides valuable and insightful form analysis, tips and interviews on Sky Thoroughbred Central.
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Caroline Searcy
Caroline is credited with 25 years of media experience. Her beginnings came on the radio waves before a move to the television medium. Eventually, her passion for thoroughbreds swept her into industry waters and Sky Racing where she has been recognised and respected for her thoroughbred knowledge and commentary.
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Since joining the Sky Sports Radio stable, Jimmy's versatility has been a valuable asset.Graduating to the media after an 11-year professional rugby league career, he has successfully transferred his on-field vitality to television and radio.He has a regular role as co-host of Big Sports Breakfast Weekend with Ray Thomas, and during the summer months Jimmy, co-hosts Big Sports Breakfast Summer with Stuart Clark.
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From a young age Dave was always around racetracks. His grandfather had a passion for all codes of racing, and made sure his grandson well and truly had the racing and punting bug for the rest of his life.After finishing school he embarked on a media career in racing and sports, and was the successful winner of the Sky Racing Star Search.Dave is the TAB Media teams' 'man about town' and is host of the popular greyhounds program, The Catching Pen.More recently he has jumped on board as co-host of the Big Sports Breakfast with Laurie Daley.
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Ray Thomas
Ray is the Racing Editor of the Daily and Sunday Telegraph newspaper in Sydney, and is one of the most respected racing journalists in Australia.Known for his relentless dedication to the job, he is unquestionably one of the hardest working media professionals in the sport. Ray is the co-host of the Big Sports Breakfast Weekend, brings insightful news and views to various Sky Sports Radio racing programs and has hosted the very popular program, One On One, interviewing various racing personalities.Viewers can also catch Ray every Wednesday night on Sky Thoroughbred Central's, News Central with Richard Freedman.
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Ben Way
Ben joined Sky Racing at the start of 2017 from Fox Sports.He has extensive experience as a Presenter covering major events such as the 2016 French Open, the Australian cricket team's 2014 tour of South Africa, and the Rio Olympics. He was also a Presenter on Fox Sports News for 8 years, and hosted Fox Sports' MotoGP coverage.Ben's love affair with racing has been lifelong. His father pencilled for various bookies over the years, at tracks across South Australia. That is where Ben's love for the punt began.Ben hosts race day coverage on Sky Thoroughbred Central, as well as the network's marquee magazine shows.
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Jason Witham
Before joining Sky Racing, Jason worked for 13 years at the TAB in a range of roles. This gave Jason a wealth of industry knowledge, which is reflected in his smooth and intelligent on-air presentation. He is a regular host of raceday coverage on Sky Racing.
Program Spotlight
From 6.30am every Saturday this extensive preview programme is hosted by the ubiquitous Andrew Bensley. It's a fast-moving four hours of radio, highlighted by a procession of punter-friendly information including the latest racing news, revealing interviews with key jockeys and trainers as well as professional opinions of authoritative form experts.
Select your city or town from the list below to find out which frequency to tune to.
--Select Your Nearest Location-- Albury Armidale Ballina Balranald Baradine Barham Batemans Bay Bathurst Bega Bellingen Berrigan Binnaway Bombala Bourke Braidwood Brewarrina Broken Hill Byron Bay Canberra Casino Cobar Coffs Harbour Collarenebri Condobolin Coolah Cooma Coonamble Cootamundra Corowa Culcairn Deniliquin Dorrigo Dubbo Dunedoo Eden Evans Head Finley Forster Gilgandra Glen Innes Gloucester Goulburn Grafton Grenfell Griffith Gulgong Gundagai Gunnedah Hillston Holbrook Inverell Jerilderie Jindabyne Junee Kempsey Kyogle Lake Cargelligo Leeton Lennox Head Lightning Ridge Lismore Lithgow Maclean Moree Moruya Mudgee Mullumbimby Mulwala Murrurundi Murwillumbah Muswellbrook Nambucca Heads Narooma Narrandera Narromine Newcastle Nowra Nyngan Orange Parkes Port Macquarie Queanbeyan Rylstone Tamworth Taree Temora Tenterfield Thredbo Tocumwal Tumut Ulladulla Wagga Wagga Walcha Walgett Warren Wentworth West Wyalong Wilcannia Wollongong Woolgoolga Yamba Yass Young

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Herb Garden can be discovered as you come out of Teulon Cottage. It's filled with herbs and other useful plants and each plant has a story to tell. Parsley, sage, rosemary and thyme are still common in cooking today. Foxgloves, feverfew and comfrey offer medicinal cures. Garlic, rue and hyssop have cleansing and protective properties. Absinthe, bergamot and yarrow are used for drinks of varying alcoholic potency. Orris, Rosa mundi and lavender provide sweet scented perfume. Rushes make rush lights for dark winter nights. Nearby, trees of historic local interest trace the progress of fruit growing in the Midlands.


Before going further, we need to first look into the details of what the SPI interface will be communicating to the host. This involves the PS2 control buttons and analog joysticks.
The PS2 has 16 buttons: four Directional Pad (Dpad) buttons; four Action buttons (circle, triangle, etc.); and four Shoulder buttons, (start, select etc.). Both analog joysticks can be pressed as buttons, in turn. When pressed, each button outputs -0; when released each button outputs -1.
The two analog joySticks on the PS2 can each be moved in two axis. The output of each stick is proportional to the amount of tilt the stick is placed under. Each stick outputs two values of 0 to 255, corresponding and proportional to the tilt on each axis.
Twelve of the PS2 button may be set as Pressure Sensitive buttons (four Dpad, four Action, four Shoulder), each outputting a value between 0 to 255, proportional to the amount of pressure exerted on the buttons.
We can mix and match the function of the buttons and sticks depending on which of the PS2 three modes of operation has been set up (either digital, analog, or analog pressure).
In digital mode, analog sticks don't output a value; pressure values are also not present. Only the on/off state of the digital buttons is outputted.
In analog mode, the digital on/off state is outputted, as well as the analog joystick values.
In analog pressure mode, digital on/off, analog sticks, and pressure values all are outputted.
The SPI to the host is a synchronous serial half/full duplex communication protocol. The PS2 controller is the slave and the host controller — in our case, the PIC microcontroller — is the master; and generates synchronizing clock. The master PIC sends command bytes to the PS2, and the PS2 sends data bytes back (full duplex mode).
Commands have a three-byte header. These bytes request the PS2 to acknowledge its current mode of operation. The PS2 responds with three data bytes indicating its current mode.
The current state of the buttons, stick, and pressure values can be requested from the PS2 by a polling method where a specific button value's command is sent and the PS2 responds with the current state.
Every command is divided into a sequence of bytes. The header is followed by data. The digital button's polling command, for example, is five bytes. So, to know button states, the master has to transmit five command bytes to the PS2; the PS2 will return five data bytes back to the master. In contrast, the analog polling commands consist of nine bytes.
In order to select the mode of operation, turn on/off the vibration motors the PS2 needs to be configured (with configuration commands).
1. One should plug the PS2 controller and servomotors on the interface board before powering up. Only remove them after turning off the board.
2. Configuration modes can be changed anytime the user wants in normal operation. However, since the associated mechanical hardware connected to the motors for different modes is so different, practically speaking, a need for changing from one mode to another won't arise during an operation. Mode change can be done when required immediately at power-on, once the status LED goes on. This will ensure that the servomotors are at the center position when the mode is changed so an unwanted movement of the servomotors won't occur as a result of mode change.
3. Servomotor control is inhibited when the mode change buttons are pressed.
and data returned is not used.
Commands to the controller should be separated by five to 10 msecs. However, there is no delay between bytes used in a command.
Next, the digital button's polling command of five bytes is sent to the PS2, for which the PS2 returns the button states in packets of five bytes. Here, the second data byte from the PS2 is a mode of operation byte. This byte should be $41 hex. If it isn't, either the PS2 is absent or is faulty. So the mode byte from the PS2 is used as a reference and benchmark for proper communication. This command is only to make sure the PS2 is up and working.
Next, the PS2 should be configured for the proper mode of operation. For that, the configuration enter command is given to the PS2.
Once into the configuration setup, subsequent commands such as Vibration Motors On, Pressure Values On, and Analog Lock Mode are given to the PS2 sequentially. Once the configuration is set up to our requirements, the exit command is given to the PS2.
1. In the configuration mode, if the PS2 is not sent a command for some time, it automatically falls out of configuration mode.
2. The configuration enter command length is equal to that of the current mode of operation. For example, if the current mode is digital, the configuration enter command will have the same number of bytes as that of the digital polling command.
3. Once into configuration mode, all configuration commands (including configuration exit commands) are nine bytes in length.
4. The PS2 will output the current mode in a data string (second byte) in response to a configuration enter command. After that, it will output configuration mode bytes in data strings.
After configuration, a command is again set to the required length for the analog - pressure poll command i.e., 21 bytes and various command bytes are initialized as per the requirements. Next, comes the servomotor control loop. Every 20 msecs, the PS2 is polled by the analog pressure poll command, and a new servomotor value is calculated based on current button/stick states; new values are pulsed out.
We don't use pressure-sensitive buttons in our program.
For each command, every byte has to be per the specifications. You will notice that for each command, command bytes are initialized, the byte length of a command is set, and then the SPI subroutine will be called. The SPI subroutine will return data bytes.
If after configuration, the PS2 doesn't function, it has to be reconfigured again. So, in the servo loop, the second data byte (mode byte) is checked every time the PS2 is polled. If that byte is not what we expect it to be, the PS2 is reconfigured again. The PS2 also needs to be polled for a minimum number of times in one second period. Failing to do so will result in the PS2 going back into the default state.
We are able to maintain a 125 kHz clock frequency for the synchronous clock in SPI between the PIC and PS2.
turn of your moving platform. The tilt angle of the stick will determine the speed. Two-level speed control is implemented.
Sometimes the stick doesn't return to the neutral position on release which may result in unwanted movements of the servomotors. Creating a small dead space or band around the center position of the joystick eliminates this movement. Within this dead band, the servomotors aren't activated. To test this mode, I created a quick and dirty mobile platform using two continuous rotation (CR) servomotors and a dual servomotor bracket (see Figure 13).


Lookin at the latest loops of radar. We are currently seeing a few snow flakes mixing in with some rain in the northern part of the area. We will continue to see precipitation in the northern part of the area. Or, very close to the nothern part of the county coverage area.
Image courtesy of COD Meteorology/College of DuPage.
Here is a look at the latest station plots across the area. Dew points and temperatures are not that far from each other. So we are seeing some high dew points. This means that the atmosphere is almost saturated. Thus, meaning the atmosphere can hold a lot of moisture.
Just as you could have seen from the temperatures on the station plots (red numbers). Most of us are in the 40's with a few exceptions. Temperatures will continue to fall through the night into the 30's. Don't worry though, temperatures are expected to start a trend on the way up soon.
Prev You think you had a bad commute?


text:
L'édition 2020 du tournoi de tennis de Hobart se déroule du 13 au , sur dur en extérieur. Elle appartient à la catégorie International. Elena Rybakina remporte le tournoi en simple, Nadiia Kichenok et Sania Mirza celui en double.

Faits marquants

Forfaits
On note le forfait de la Roumaine Sorana Cîrstea. Elle est remplacée par Nina Stojanović.

Lauréates
En simple, la Kazakhe Elena Rybakina (tête de série ) remporte son deuxième titre en disposant de la Chinoise Zhang Shuai (tête de série ). Il s'agit de son deuxième titre en International.

En double, Nadiia Kichenok et Sania Mirza remportent leur premier titre en collaboration en s'imposant face à Peng Shuai et Zhang Shuai (têtes de série ). Il s'agit de leur  et  respectif dans la discipline.

Primes et points

Source:

Résultats en simple

Parcours

Tableau

Résultats en double

Parcours

Tableau

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Tournoi de tennis de Hobart
 Saison 2020 de la WTA

Liens externes
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WTA 2020
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Tennis en Australie en 2020
Tennis en janvier 2020


Aim of the project is to develop a "distributed virtual environment for research and communication for the discourse of images in art history". The project is planned for two years and settled in the area of support "Scientific Library Services and Information Systems (LIS)" of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
For prometheus the primarily point is to expand the possibilities of digital image interpretation 'and the collaborative work within the image archive. By the integration of the genuinely Image-oriented tool "Hyper Image" it will be possible to work together or individually to any of the illustrations to highlight image details accurately, describing and linking them to each other. The released meta-information will later be returned to the archive, available for the entire research community.


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text:
Allen Parish Newsletter 14th October 2018
Twenty-Eighth Sunday in Ordinary Time
Fr. Willie Byrne P.P. ........................................................ (045) 860135
Fr. Brian Kavanagh C.C. .................................................. (087) 6162675
Parish Office....................................................................... (045) 450501
ANNUAL MASS
OF REMEMBRANCE
for all of our loved ones
who have died during the past year
Friday 2nd November 2018
At 7.30pm
Refreshments afterwards in Allen Hall.
Cenacolo Community
"Drug use was also mentioned as one of the scourges of our time, causing immense suffering and even breakup for many families. The same is true of alcoholism, gambling and other addictions. The family could be the place where these are prevented and overcome..." (Pope Francis, Amoris Laetitia)
COMMUNITY CENACOLO is an organisation that helps people overcome addictions, based in Knock, Co. Mayo. The Community life is one of friendship, prayer and work. The young men and women live from the generosity of people and the produce from the farm. Our program is completely free. If you know of anybody who is suffering from addiction and needs help please don't hesitate to contact us or visit our website. www.CommunityCenacolo.ie
Contact Cenacolo Community at 094 9388286 or Fr. Brian at 087 6162675.
Fill us with your love that we may rejoice.
Weekday Masses 15th – 19th October
Robertstown – 10.30am
SATURDAY 20th/SUNDAY 21st OCTOBER
Patrick, Helen & Mary Kelly, Awd Middle
Patrick Bagnall, Blackwood & his son Patrick
Peg Higgins, Lullymore
Thomas Carroll, Allenwood Middle
Jim Coyne, Allenwood South
Lay Reader: Wilfie Cronin
Eucharistic Minister: Mary Brennan
Milltown: Sunday 9.30am
Jim Shannon (Birthday Remembrance)
Lay Reader: Breda McHale
Eucharistic Minister: Lisa Byrne
Allen: Sunday 10.30am
Ellen Thorpe, Kilmeague
Lay Reader: Maurice Musgrave
Eucharistic Ministers: Evelyn Dowling and Helen Doyle
Allenwood: Sunday 11.30am
Lay Reader: Noel Moore
Eucharistic Minister: Kieran Craig
In Allen Church on Tuesday mornings 10am – 11am, Wednesday mornings 10am - 11am.
Is 53:10-11. Ps 32:4-5, 18-20, 22, R/v22. Heb 4:14-16. Mk 10:35-45. Lect I:814.
Adoration takes place every Monday (except Bank Holidays) 11am-3.30pm. All are very welcome.
Milltown Saturday 27th October at 12 noon
Allen Saturday 10th November at 12 noon
Allenwood Sunday 25th November at12.15pm
Milltown Saturday 8th December at 12 noon
Allen Saturday 22nd December at 12 noon
Please contact the Parish Office at 045-450501 at least two weeks in advance.
We are always here to help.
Contact Allen area St. Vincent de Paul confidential helpline number 085 2095220.
MISSION SUNDAY COLLECTION
The Mission Sunday Collection will take place at all masses next weekend. Please use the pink envelope in your weekly envelope box.
RADIO MARIA IRELAND is an Irish-run Catholic Talk-Radio Station. Prayer, Catechesis, Uplifting music, Talks, Interviews and Testimonies – all commercial free – Listen via FREE App "RADIO MARIA IRELAND", streaming on www.radiomaria.ie or via PHONE – get live radio feed by calling 01 437 3277 (no extra charges apply). Now on Saorview 210. Please join our growing faith family!
Elizabeth (Lizzie) Ward (nee Anderson) who was buried in Allen on Wednesday.
"Those whom we love and lose are no longer where they were before, they are now wherever we are. (St. John Chrysostom)
Please pray for:
Theresa (Teshia) Ennis, Robertstown.
TEN Match 3 Winners - €25 each
Helen Balfe, Robertstown West;
Barry Smyth, Pluckerstown;
Sylvia Cronly, c/o Dano;
P. Moran, Robertstown;
Ross & Rachael, c/o Dano;
Winnie O Hara, Punchesgrange;
Marcella Brereton, Allenwood;
Marcella Anderson, Allenwood;
Helen & David Kelly, c/o Veronica;
Bernie Balfe, Robertstown.
KRAKOW AND CZESTOCHOWA
Visiting the Shrine of the Divine Mercy
Including visits to Krakow, Lagiewniki the shrine of the Divine Mercy & Wadowice to see St. John-Paul's house. 1 – 6 April 2019. 6 day escorted group Pilgrimage.
Spiritual Director – Fr. Brian Kavanagh.
Cost €959 per person sharing.
Contact Carmel Kelly at 087 2533718.
A GLASS DISH was left in Allen Community Hall on the evening of Fr.Eddie Kavanagh's Farewell Celebration.
If anyone is missing it please contact Ronan Ashe on 086 3909075 to arrange its return.
ANNUAL MASS OF REMEMBRANCE
A MEETING of the Liturgy and Cemetery groups will take place in the Parochial House on Thursday 18th October at 8pm to organise the ANNUAL MASS OF REMEMBRANCE, which is on Friday 2nd November in Allen Church.
SOCIAL NIGHT TO CELEBRATE THE RETIREMENT OF MR SEAMUS HANAFIN FROM ALLEN NATIONAL SCHOOL
The contribution of Seamus Hanafin to education and sport in the parish will be acknowledged and celebrated on Saturday night, October 20th, in Allenwood GAA Hall. The celebrations will begin at 8pm. It will be a nice social opportunity to meet neighbours and friends, to chat and join Seamus for a look back at his time in the school. There will be entertainment and light refreshments will be served. All are very welcome.
ALLEN KNITTING & CROCHET GROUP continues every Tuesday from 10am to 12 noon.
THE ARTHRITIS IRELAND, KILDARE BRANCH wish to thank local mass-goers who gave so generously at church collections in late September. All of the money will be spent on activities and programmes in Kildare run by the committee of volunteers. The Arthritis Ireland volunteers collected a Total of €390 in Allen & Milltown.
TWO match 3 winners
Paula Goulding c/o Bar
May Ivers c/o Robertstown P.O.
Dinner Dance will take place on Saturday 3rd November in The Keadeen Hotel, Newbridge. Tickets are €40 and are available from Ray Melia, Ann Kenna, Lisa Walsh, Christina Mullaney, Leslie Thorpe and Lisa Geraghty.
Well done to U8 and U10 teams who played this week. Underage training every Tuesday and Friday night at 7.00pm. Make sure all children have gumshields with them.
U10 league Fixtures: 14th October Green team away to Castlemitchel at 10.30am. Amber team away to Sarsfields at 10.30am.
All weather pitch available for bookings. Contact Marie Jacob 086 2258002.
Club Newsletter September 2018 Edition is now available online and it outlines some Fundraising events in the offing, Robertstown G.F.C. Night at the Dogs in Newbridge in December and a Christmas Raffle will also be organised so please support both of these . More details later.
Astro-Turf Pitch is available to all Clubs and Groups and for Children's Birthday Parties . For bookings contact Tara Moran 085/7317697.
Parish Lotto Tickets €1.50 each available from our many Promoters and from the Shops and Post Office in Robertstown. Monday's Jackpot €3,300.
Healthy Club Initiative: Robertstown G.F.C. in co-operation with the G.A.A. Healthy Club Project has decided to make the Club grounds a fully NO SMOKING AREA .Smoking of cigarettes and e. cigarettes will be prohibited in the Clubrooms and anywhere on the Club grounds.
HALLOWEEN DISCO hosted by Scoil Mhuire Allenwood Parents Association.
For Pre School and Primary School Children. October 26th 7pm - 9pm. Allenwood GAA Hall. €5 per Child - €10 per Family. Bake Sale and Tuck Shop. Parents/Guardians must remain on the Premises.
SOCIAL DANCING in aid of Almas & Sr. Muriels Home for the Poor every Thursday night at Newbridge Town Football Club, Station Road, Newbridge. Music next week by "Moynihan Brothers" Adm €8. Time 9.30pm sharp.
Underage: Training continues every Friday 7pm-8pm. Couch to 5km: Allenwood Couch to 5k continues on Monday and Wednesday nights at 7.15pm. Bookings: Please note for all bookings of the Hall or bar this year contact Emma Cunningham 087-7379773. Bingo every Wednesday 8.30pm in Allenwood GAA hall. €1800 in prize money. Bonus ball: Get your bonus ball from Jemma McCabe at a cost of €2.00 with a chance to win €50. Clothing collection continues at Allenwood GFC Monday to Friday 9.30am to 12.30pm. Please note we accept cuddly toys also.
Best wishes to John O'Reilly and Liz Cullinan as they tied the knot on Saturday in County Clare. Wishing them a lifetime of happiness together. Best of luck to U13 girls who are in their County Final next Saturday. U10's are away to Round Towers this morning Sunday at 11.30. U15 lads start their league campaign this morning Sunday with an away match to Ballymore at 10am start. U15 girls were away to Castlemitchell Saturday in the Semi Finals.
U11 girls were away to Balyna on Thursday and Naas on Saturday. U13 lads lost out to Celbridge in Division 1 All County final after a nail biting match which went to extra time Milltown 2-16 Celbridge 6-06. Senior men had a fantastic win over Rheban in the Junior A final with a score of Milltown 1-14 Rheban 1-10 next up the winners of Wicklow's Junior A's.
Minor lads lost out to Suncroft in the Minor D Final Milltown 1-06 Suncroft 0-15. Minor ladies: Full time score Milltown 4-04 Raheens 3-05. Well done to our U6 hurlers who had a great game in Round Towers and to our U7 and U8 Hurlers who also had a great game in Sarsfields. A huge congratulations to our Gaelic4mothers and others who have won their 1st, 2nd and 4th matches and drew the 3rd one today in the National Blitz last Saturday. Last Saturday was a glorious day to host the 42nd year of the Conlon Cup and it was a great day of football from the U6's up to the 1st years. Congratulations to The winning team captained by Matthew Downey. The club would like to thank all their sponsors who have contributed to the club this year. Thanks to The Inn at Milltown who had food for the Senior lads and Ladies and the Minor lads after their finals and to Industrial fitness who sponsored the match day T-shirts for the Senior men. A huge thank you to each and every person who helped in any way in our Club Clean up which took place over 5 weeks.


On Sequential Tart, Roz Young says of HELLBOUND II: "This is an anthology created by people who find truth in horror, and will be enjoyed by anyone who shares a passion for the genre." READ THE WHOLE REVIEW!
At Spandexless, meanwhile, David Anderson wrote (of the same book): There's a lot of talent condensed into this volume, both in terms of writing and art." READ MORE!
Oh, and COLD WIND has gotten some attention too! In an entertaining roundup on the Boston Comic Con from Bleeding Cool, Louis Falcetti calls it "one of the most interesting, fun, gorgeous books I've read in a long time." A lot of other great local comics are mentioned, so…. READ THE WHOLE ARTICLE!
That's where Ninth Art Press is going to be these next two weekends, tabling with other members of the BCR! First Boston Comic Con on September 21-22, then MoCCA in New York on the 28th and 29th! With warm-off-the-press copies of Hellbound II, and a new, comic-book sized edition of Cold Wind!
The crowds were modest at the first Boston Comic Con, held at Faneuil Hall on November 5, 1773 (note couple cosplaying as horse, left). How things have changed-- don't miss this year's show!


text:
Gypsy is a 2020 Indian Tamil-language romantic road film written and directed by Raju Murugan. The film stars Jiiva, Natasha Singh, Lal Jose, and Sunny Wayne. This film marked the Tamil debut of actress Natasha Singh, director Lal Jose and actor Sunny Wayne. The film was produced by Ambeth Kumar under the banner of Olympia Movies. The film's soundtrack was composed by Santhosh Narayanan and cinematography and editing were handled by Selvakumar S. K. and Raymond Derrick Crasta, respectively.

After running into censorship troubles, the film was initially scheduled to release on 24 January 2020, but later pushed to 6 March 2020 release. The film had its theatrical release on 6 March 2020 after several delays and received mixed reviews from the critics mainly criticising the writing and screenplay. Critics revealed that the storyline and release of the film was a nick of time which resembled the 2020 Delhi riots.

Synopsis
A wandering musician and a girl from an orthodox Muslim household end up getting married, but the survival of their relationship becomes a big question following a communal riot in India.

Cast
 Jeeva as Gypsy
John Jude Kennedy as Young Gypsy
 Natasha Singh as Waheeda
 Lal Jose as Muthaleef
 Sunny Wayne as Sakhavu Balan, a communist leader
 Yasmin Khan as Waheeda's mother
 Fajilama as Waheeda's younger sister
 Fahran as Waheeda' younger brother
 Susheela Raman as a Varanasi resident
 Karuna Prasad
 Piyush Manush
 Bant Singh

Production
The film titled was announced by director Raju Murugan as his third assignment in June 2018 who is also known for his previous directorial works such as Joker and Cuckoo. The shooting for the film commenced in around early June 2018 at Karaikkal. The first look poster of the film was unveiled on 11 June 2018. Jiiva accepted to work for the film with the director while he was busy with the shooting of his next film Gorilla.

The film was initially speculated to be a social drama film but later the film-makers revealed that the film was made up as a romantic travel based story. Malayalam actor Sunny Wayne was roped in to play an important role as communist leader in the film and coincidentally he made his début in Kollywood industry through this film.

For his role in the film, Jiiva grew his hair, learned to play the guitar, and practiced horseriding. The shooting of the film was wrapped up on 6 November 2018.

Marketing
The makers announced that the satellite and digital rights of Gypsy have been acquired by Zee Tamil.

Soundtrack

Raju Murugan, decided to recruit Santhosh Narayanan, to compose the soundtrack and score for the film, after the latter's debut film Cuckoo in which the former was impressed by Santhosh's composition of songs and score in the film. The song recording process, was completed within the end of 2018. All the lyrics for the songs were written by Yugabharathi, except one song was written and performed by Arivu. The album features six tracks. In an interview with The Hindu, Santhosh Narayanan said that Jiiva's guitar in the film is special. As a story of a travelling musician, Gypsy is a particularly appealing film for a music director. "It's a very fun project as a composer to work on a movie that has music in its core." They also custom-made a guitar from Kashmir for Jiiva to use in the film.

The song teaser of the film was unveiled on 31 December 2018. The first single "Very Very Bad" which featured in the film was released on 22 January 2019 with the auspices of Indian Communist Party members and social activists such as R. Nallakannu, Thirumurugan Gandhi, Piyush Manush, Balbharati and Grace Banu. This marks the first ever instance in Tamil cinema that social activists were invited to launch a Tamil film's song promo. The second single track "Desaandhiri" which was sung by Santhosh Narayanan, with backing vocals by actor Siddharth was launched on 26 February 2019. Carnatic musician T. M. Krishna had recorded the song "Venpura" for the film.

The complete soundtrack album in its entirety was released on 3 April 2019, at Sathyam Cinemas, Chennai. Featuring director Karu Palaniappan, composers D. Imman, Sean Roldan, producer S. R. Prabhu and other celebrities along with the film's cast and crew in attendance, the event also featured Bant Singh, an activist singer. A book on Bant Singh, who has done a role in the film, was launched at the event as a gesture of his personal rebellion against discrimination. The film's trailer was launched at the event. British-Indian musician Susheela Raman who also played a supporting role in the film, performed two songs which were released as bonus singles, after the soundtrack release on 19 May 2019.

Track listing

Critical reception

Moviecrow rated the album 4 out of 5 stars, with a bottom line "Gypsy, Rajumurugan's third directorial is again up with an exquisitely ensembled soundtrack of Santhosh Narayanan. The amazing blend of indieness, extreme genres, poetry, politics, rap, folk, love and hope in every track holds a huge sign of positive light for the film!"

StudioFlicks rated the movie 3.25 out of 5 stars, with a bottom line "Very well written story, strong characters, beautiful music and top-notch performances makes 'Gypsy' a laudable flick."

Censorship issues
The film faced issues on censoring, despite wrapping the shoot months ago. The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC), disapproved to censor the film as there are some scenes in the film that resemble the issues that happened in the Yogi Adityanath government in Uttar Pradesh, and there are also reports that some dialogues have been asked to be muted and names of characters which resemble real-life prominent figures have been asked to be changed, in the hope of avoiding a controversy later on. The censor issues were cleared after the makers appealed the Film Certification Appeal Tribunal (FCAT), regarding the issue, where the film received an "A" certificate with minor cuts. Actor Jiiva revealed that  25 cuts of the film are available in YouTube.

Release
The film was initially scheduled to release on 24 January 2020, but director Murugan announced that the film would release on 6 March 2020.

References

External links

2020 films
2020s Tamil-language films
Indian romantic drama films
Films scored by Santhosh Narayanan
Indian drama road movies
Censored films
2020s drama road movies
2020 romantic drama films
Films directed by Raju Murugan


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