text:
Q: Magento 2 For what secureUrlList at di What purpose of using secureUrlList at Magento di.xml?
It appear at few di.xml base and for frontend:
Like an example:
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
<type name="Magento\Framework\Url\SecurityInfo">
    <arguments>
        <argument name="secureUrlList" xsi:type="array">
            <item name="contact" xsi:type="string">/contact/</item>
        </argument>
    </arguments>
</type>

A: This is list of url prefix that will use secure base url setting. See \Magento\Framework\Url::_isSecure for details.

A: I guess, the parameter "secureUrlList" defines an array of urls, that should be secure, so that means the url from this list will start from "https://" if secure URL is enabled.


Fouad Zmokhol, founder of Association of Lebanese Business People in the World (RDCL World), has encouraged Lebanese importers to open offices in China to facilitate and improve their businesses.
"We have been advising companies to go and settle in China. Merchants have to be on the ground to check quality and delivery," Zmokhol told Xinhua in an interview, adding that a lot of successful Lebanese traders have intermediary offices in China, which enable them to resell products to Lebanon and lots of other countries around the world.
Zmokhol also said that traders who have offices in China have better chances to contain risks.
"It is much easier to work with intermediaries who have offices and are settled down in China than working directly with Chinese companies because of the language and distance barriers in addition to unfamiliar legal procedures," he said.
Zmokhol said that Lebanon imports lots of its goods from China.
"All the successful trade stories in Lebanon have to do with China," Zmokhol said, adding that China is one of Lebanon's most important trade partners.
In 2017, the bilateral trade volume reached nearly US$1.9 billion, making China Lebanon's second largest trade partner.
Figures released by Lebanese Customs showed that during the 2013-2016 period, China remained as Lebanon's largest trade partner and the largest source of imports.
Lebanon's major imports from China included electrical machinery and equipment, plastics, furniture and vehicles, while Lebanon's exports to China mainly included copper, plastics, beverages and cocoa.
Zmokhol said that Lebanon's exports to China were on a lower scale.
"Lebanon cannot be a massive exporter. We are only a niche exporter, we have small quantities to export compared with China," he said.
"This is what makes us complementary to China and not competitive," he added.
The young businessman said that China's relation with Lebanon has evolved over the past ten years from trade only to investments.
"The Chinese have invested in Lebanon in oil and gas, power, and infrastructure projects in the country. We have received lots of delegations from the Chinese private and public sectors interested in investing in Lebanon," he said.
He added that he encourages the establishment of strategic partners with the Chinese traders because "they proved to be very mature with excellent delivery and follow up."
Zmokhol emphasized the need to build strategic alliances because it is no longer easy to work individually.
"The model has completely changed today. We have to work in groups and build productive and strategic synergies. A Lebanese and a Chinese businessman together can do an excellent work. I encourage Chinese investors to come and identify good Lebanese partners because it is difficult to start from zero if they are willing to invest in Lebanon," he said.


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The Celtics capped off their five-game road trip with yet another loss, this time in the hands of the 9-3 Portland Trail Blazers.
For the third straight game, the Celtics found themselves fighting to climb out of a big deficit. This time, the comeback effort fell short as Boston dropped four of their five games on the trip.
The Celtics opened the game with a whole new gameplan on the offensive end. Rather than settling for three after three like they have been much of the season, Brad Steven's unit was getting different types of looks - drives to the hoop, mid-rangers, and so on. Just two of their first 16 shots were from downtown.
However, this strategy did not pay any early dividends for the Celts. The shots weren't falling all too much, and a few minor mistakes were enough for the Blazers to start pulling ahead, led by their big man Jusuf Nurkic. In seven minutes, Nurkic had his way in the post, pouring in 12 points without missing a shot.
Portland's double-digit lead built by the starters instantly shrunk to five once their second unit replaced them. This was largely due to Jayson Tatum's two jumpers at the end of the quarter, which accounted for Boston's last five points of the frame. With the Celtics finally finding some footing, they trailed by just five at the end of the quarter despite an early double-digit deficit.
Both teams spent the opening minutes of the second quarter exchanging blows. The first four Celtics buckets came from four different players, as everyone was getting their looks. However, between a mix of poor shooting, isolation plays, and playing a defense that forced mid-range looks, the Celtics offense was nowhere to be found.
Tatum's efforts were not nearly enough to compete with the Blazer's impressive offense. They continued to find the open man against the Celtic defense - even Meyers Leonard came off the bench to knock down a pair of threes and score eight points in the half. Portland managed to build a lead using the scoring of their role players, as Damian Lillard and CJ McCollum combined for just eight points. That being said, Lillard was certainly playing a role in their effective offense, as he dished out eight assists - Lillard alone had more assists than the Celtics team in the first half.
This game followed the same theme from the rest of the road trip of the Celtics digging themselves into massive holes: This marked the third consecutive game that the Celtics faced a 19-point deficit. Four straight Tatum points slightly helped aid this, but ultimately found Boston down big entering the intermission.
The Celtics turned a switch in the second half. They turned up the defense which, in turn, turned up the offense as well. Fast break points and open shots saw Boston trimming 10 points off their 19 point deficit in the matter of one minute and sixteen seconds, resulting in an early 3Q timeout for Terry Stotts.
After shooting 2-11 from three in the first half, the Celtics shot 7-15 on their following attempts in the third. This shooting brought them back to within six, but another seven-point run by the Blazers put them right back up by double-digits entering the fourth.
The Blazers refused to give in, however. Lillard and Irving dueled off, each hitting some key shots for their ball clubs. Boston was right there; they had their chances down the stretch. Down the stretch, it wasn't Lillard or McCollum that killed the Celtics. Al-Farouq Aminu, the career 33% three-point shooter, drilled two deep treys, including the ultimate Boston dagger, to stop the Celtics comeback in its tracks. The Celtics were still just down by six, but their next two shots were well contested, tough three-point shots by Kyrie and Tatum that didn't fall.
Despite Tatum's strong performance (27pts, 8rebs) and Kyrie's strong second half that saw him finish with 21pts, 6asts, and 5stls, it was another dissapointing loss for the Celtics. Nurkic had 18pts and 17rebs for Portland, while Lillard was productive with 19pts, 12asts, and 5rebs.


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Coal's other dark side: Toxic ash that can poison water and people
Workers who cleaned up a huge spill from a coal ash pond in Tennessee in 2008 are still suffering—and dying. The U.S. has 1,400 ash dumps.
When a dike on a coal ash pond ruptured at the Kingston Fossil Plant in Kingston, Tennessee, in December 2008, it spilled far more toxic ash than the Deepwater Horizon spilled oil. The ash swamped houses and polluted the Emory River.
Photograph by Dot Griffith
ByJoel K. Bourne, Jr.
Photographs byMaddie McGarvey
On December 22, ten years to the day after a dike ruptured at a Tennessee Valley Authority power plant near Kingston, Tennessee, pouring more than a billion gallons of toxic coal ash into the Emory River, TVA took out a full-page ad in the local paper to congratulate itself and its contractors on a cleanup job well done. That same day, about 150 of the workers who actually cleaned up the spill gathered at the site, which is now a park with hiking trails, boat ramp, and ball fields. Standing in blue jeans and work boots near a homemade wooden cross, they commemorated a different aspect of the cleanup: their 36 coworkers who've died from brain cancer, lung cancer, leukemia, and other diseases.
Some of the survivors walked with canes. Most bore blisters from the arsenic buried in their skin. Nearly all carried inhalers in their pockets. TVA's ad did not mention them.
More than 900 workers cleaned up the coal ash spill at the Kingston plant, which is operated by the Tennesee Valley Authority; more than 200 have sued Jacobs Engineering, the cleanup contractor. Doug Bledsoe is one: He was recently diagnosed with brain and lung cancer, shortly after his wife battled breast cancer.
Photograph by Maddie McGarvey, National Geographic
Left: Frankie Norris displays the burning sores he still has and began getting soon after he started working on the cleanup a decade ago. He and other workers say they were refused protective equipment, even simple dust masks.
Right: Angie Shelton sits at home in Decatur, Tennessee, on December 22, 2018, the 10th anniversary of the coal ash spill. Shelton's husband worked on the cleanup and later died of cancer.
Photographs by Maddie McGarvey, National Geographic
More than 200 cleanup workers and family members are now suing TVA's main contractor, Jacobs Engineering, for refusing to provide them with protective equipment and for causing their debilitating and in some cases deadly diseases. Last November they won the first phase of the trial: A federal jury agreed that Jacobs had failed to protect them and that exposure to coal ash could have caused their illnesses.
While the world focuses on coal's carbon-dioxide emissions, which are a leading driver of climate change, the Kingston spill and its aftermath highlight a far more immediate problem: What to do with the millions of tons of coal ash piled up in 1,400 unlined landfills and ponds around the U.S. Most of those dumps lie near lakes or rivers or above freshwater aquifers that supply drinking water to nearby communities.
The 5.4 million cubic yards of sludge that broke through a 57-foot earthen dike at Kingston was the largest industrial spill in the nation's history—nearly ten times the size of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill two years later in the Gulf of Mexico. The wave of wet ash smothered some 300 acres around the plant and dozens of houses in the small community of Swan Pond, before turning several miles of the Emory, Clinch, and Tennessee Rivers, as well as parts of the Watts Bar Reservoir into a lumpy gray chowder.
TVA's Kingston Fossil Plant, built in 1955, was the largest coal-burning power plant in the world for more than a decade, and it still burns 14,000 tons of pulverized coal, or 140 rail-car loads, each day. About 10 percent of the coal, the non-combustible part, becomes coal ash—powdery fly ash that collects in smokestack filters, and coarser bottom ash and boiler slag that gets flushed out of the plant's furnaces. The ash is a mix of clays, quartz, and other minerals, forged into tiny glass-like beads by the heat of the fire.
A: The Kingston Fossil Plant in September of 2008 before the coal ash pond collapsed. B: The Kingston Fossil Plant taken on December 22, 2008 after the spill.
GOOGLE EARTH (A) AND TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY (B)
Hundreds of workers helped clean up toxic coal ash that spilled from a broken dike at the Kingston Fossil Plant, seen here in 2018. The Tenneesse Valley Authority has since built a new dry storage landfill for coal ash and dried and reinforced the former storage ponds with an underground retaining wall down to the bedrock.
GOOGLE EARTH, TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY
But it also concentrates dozens of naturally occurring heavy metals, including known carcinogens and toxins such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, chromium, as well as radioactive uranium and radon. These metals pose the greatest health threat from coal ash. Even without a catastrophic spill, they can leach into and contaminate groundwater. Attached to fine particles of ash they can drift through the air, blowing onto skin and into nostrils.
Some coal ash particles are so fine—less than 2.5 microns in diameter, a 30th the width of a human hair—that they can be sucked deep into the lungs and become a health hazard even without toxic hitchhikers. PM 2.5, as such particles are called, are also in smog, smoke, and auto exhaust, and they're a known cause of numerous respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and a significant cause of global mortality.
"TVA has given my husband a death sentence," says Janie Clark, whose husband Ansol Clark built the cross for the memorial this past December. "They gave him an incurable blood disease and destroyed his heart. Coal ash is a dirty dark secret that has gone on in this state and this country way too long. It needs to be brought to light."
Left: A wooden cross at the site of the Kingston spill honors cleanup workers who got sick and died.
Right: Survivors who gathered at the site on the tenth anniversary of the spill laid flowers on the cross.
The survivors gathered to commemorate their 36 coworkers who've died from cancer and other diseses. Cleanup workers were chronically exposed to fine, airborne particles of coal ash laced with toxic heavy metals.
Safe as sand?
Utilities have long maintained that coal ash is as safe as sand (which is mostly silicon dioxide, and far coarser than ash) and that its trace concentrations of toxins are not much higher than background levels in the soil.
"In your backyard you may have 20 to 50 parts per million (ppm) of arsenic depending on where you live," says John Kammeyer, TVA's vice-president for civil projects, who was in charge of engineering for the cleanup. "You don't eat the dirt in your backyard because there's arsenic in it. Drinking water standards are about ten ppm. In the coal ash at Kingston it's 70 ppm, but there's no evidence that any of this got into drinking water. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, EPA, and Vanderbilt all tested the birds and fish to see if there was any impact. They concluded we didn't do any harm."
Sixty-three years after it opened, ten years after the disastrous spill, the Kingston Fossil Plant is still burning 14,000 tons of coal a day—and producing about 1,400 tons of coal ash.
The Kingston cleanup workers, however, were heavily exposed to airborne ash. More than 900 people worked on the site between 2008 and 2015, operating the giant dredges, track-hoes, bulldozers and other earth-moving equipment to remove the ash from the river, dry it in windrows, and ship it in rail cars to a lined landfill near Uniontown, Alabama.
Ansol Clark was one of the first to arrive at the site on December 22, 2008. A 57-year-old professional truck driver, he'd just gotten a clean bill of health on his Department of Transportation physical. For the next five years he worked as a fuel-truck driver at the site, putting in 15-hour days, often seven days a week, keeping the big earth-moving machines running.
After two years he started having breathing problems, runny nose, and coughing. Then he started getting dizzy spells. One day he got up to go to work and collapsed on the bedroom floor.
The doctors told him he had arrhythmia, that his heart wasn't getting enough oxygen. They gave him medicine, and he went back to work. Then he started having black-out spells. Eventually he was diagnosed with congestive heart failure. A few months after he was forced to quit, he suffered a massive stroke. He recovered, but has since been diagnosed with polycythemia vera, a rare blood cancer. His doctors say it was likely caused by radiation from the ash.
"After Jacobs took over [the cleanup] at three months, they started telling us everything was safe," says Clark, who is now 67. "And we worked in a blue haze for months. When we started piling it up and the dust started blowing, they said it was pollen. Take an allergy pill and you'll be fine in a week. They'd tell us you can eat a pound of it every day and it won't hurt you."
Ansol Clark was one of the first to arrive at the site on December 22, 2008. He suffers from congestive heart failure and a rare blood cancer that could have been caused by radiation from the ash, which contains uranium and radon.
Several of Clark's coworkers had similar experiences. Frankie Norris of Albany, Kentucky, was 47 when he began driving bulldozers, track-hoes, and fuel trucks at the site. After six months he began having trouble using the bathroom. His blood pressure spiked, and he got burning sores on his skin. After four years he was laid off for his illnesses. In 2016 his colon ruptured, sending him into the ICU for 19 days, where he almost died.
"Was it dusty? Lord yes," says Norris. "Every time those air brakes went off it'd blow dust in your face. I was in dust constantly for 10 to 12 hours a day. I went up with some other guys and we asked for dust masks. They told us there wouldn't be no dust masks. Safety guy told us we'd get fired for even asking for one."
Norris says he thought about quitting, but he had a wife and three kids to support. It was the depths of the recession, and the cleanup jobs paid more than $20 an hour. There were men standing in line for them.
"I needed the work," Norris said. "I wanted to get my kids through school. But I didn't expect TVA to kill us."
Tommy Johnson, seen here with his wife Betty at their home in Knoxville, was another first responder. He suffers from chronic cough and shortness of breath.
On the front line, but forgotten
TVA, which is a federal agency, is not currently involved in the workers' lawsuit against Jacobs Engineering, although it may be on the hook for its contractor's legal fees, according to its own 2018 annual report. During the trial, several epidemiologists testified to the health impacts of the constituents of coal ash. According to Barry Levy of Tufts University, a leading expert in environmental health, just six of the toxins in Kingston's coal ash-—fine particulates, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, vanadium and naturally occurring radioactive materials—could cause many of the worker's illnesses.
"These hazardous substances are well established as causing a wide variety of adverse health effects in humans," Levy wrote in his report, "including cancer, respiratory disorders, neurologic disorders and various other diseases."
Arsenic alone, for example, has been shown to cause lung cancer, bladder cancer, and skin cancer, among many other diseases experienced by the cleanup workers. The combination of toxins may also be more dangerous than any single one alone, according to Levy. There are more than 20 toxins in Kingston's coal ash.
Court documents show TVA and Jacobs asking EPA to lower worker-safety standards; hidden video taken by the workers show company representatives tampering with personal air monitors and testing equipment. All that evidence suggests there was a concerted effort by TVA and Jacobs to downplay the dangers of coal ash, says Jamie Satterfield, an investigative reporter for the Knoxville News-Sentinel who has covered the story extensively over the years. The motive, she says, was to reassure the public that coal ash wasn't a threat.
"It was a PR thing," says Satterfield. "The public was mad as hell. There were lots of public meetings, with parents asking, 'Are my kids in danger?' TVA sent a clear command to Jacobs: First, no coal ash on any trucks or equipment leaving the site; so they built a million-dollar car wash. Second, no one in respirators or Tyvek suits. The manager for Jacobs told people not even to wear dust masks.
Left: Downtown Kingston on December 22, 2018.
Right: In his home in Powell, Tennessee, Doug Bledsoe, who suffers from both brain and lung cancer, holds a bag of his medications.
"These are hard-working, blue-collar, decent people," says Satterfield, who has interviewed hundreds of cleanup workers. "They knew nothing about the dangers. After the spill everybody came in, senators, the environmental groups, all worried about the impact on the community, walking right by these workers in T-shirts and no protective gear who were working in the coal ash day in, day out. No one was paying attention to them."
Neither TVA officials nor Jacobs Engineering would comment on the ongoing litigation, although in court Jacobs denied any wrongdoing. TVA's Kammeyer also denied any concerted effort to downplay the danger of coal ash. "I know of no [PR] campaign," he says. "My engineers put cameras up to monitor it and make sure we were meeting our standards for air quality, keeping the dust down. So I know we were doing all the right things."
TVA has refused to release any video footage of the worksite, although local environmental activists captured video of at least one major dust storm at the cleanup in 2009. TVA's own independent inspector general, Richard Moore, slammed the agency for avoiding transparency and accountability as part of its legal strategy after the spill. Moreover, in a 111-page report on the cause of the spill released in 2009, Moore blasted the agency for "irresponsible coal ash practices" that led to numerous seeps and breeches in its ash ponds dating back to 1980.
App Brian Thacker looks out of his home in Clinton, Tennessee. Thacker developed a multitude of medical issues after working on the Kingston cleanup. He says he was fired for asking for a dust mask.
A nationwide problem from hell
TVA isn't the only utility with an ash problem. In February 2014, a storm drain at a 50-year-old ash pond owned by Duke Energy collapsed near Eden, North Carolina, disgorging 39,000 tons of ash and 27,000 gallons of polluted water into the Dan River. Only a fraction of the ash was recovered, and contaminants were detected 70 miles downstream. Last year Hurricane Florence flooded two other Duke ash ponds in eastern North Carolina, resulting in smaller releases.
Such disasters are thankfully rare, but researchers say the greater issue is the sheer ubiquity of coal ash around the nation. Though its share of the fuel mix is declining, coal still generates nearly 30 percent of the electricity in the United States, creating more than 100 million tons of ash each year—the largest industrial solid waste stream in the country. There are more than 1,000 active coal ash landfills and ponds in the United States, and hundreds of retired ash dumps. Most are unlined holes in the ground.
Roughly 60 percent of coal ash is recycled, according the American Coal Ash Association (ACAA), generating about $23 billion in revenue each year for utilities. Most goes into concrete and cement, but ash has also been used in roadbeds, as fill under housing developments and golf courses, even for snow control or as fertilizer on agricultural land.
Jeff Brewer stands outside of the Kingston plant on the tenth anniversary of the spill. Like many cleanup workers he has serious medical conditions that began when he was working with coal ash every day. "They told us it wouldn't hurt us," he says.
After the Kingston spill, environmental groups advocated regulating coal ash as hazardous waste. But the utilities and ACAA lobbied hard against the move, arguing that it would dry up the market for recycling and just create more coal ash. EPA instead passed its first regulation on coal ash storage, requiring that all new coal ash landfills be lined (although existing unlined landfills can still be used), and that companies test groundwater around the ash ponds.
The industry-generated data were released last March: They revealed groundwater contamination at 95 percent of the tested sites. The utilities are required to retest, then clean up the contamination and even close the site if it continues. The Trump Administration is now attempting to roll back those regulations as too burdensome, allowing states to end groundwater monitoring and other requirements.
"It's not just one toxin," says Avner Vengosh, a geochemist at Duke University who studied both the Kingston and Dan River spills. "It's a cocktail of arsenic, copper, lead, selenium, thallium, antimony, and other metals at higher levels than in their natural state. People think coal ash is not going to be a problem because utilities are switching to natural gas and it's cleaner. But the legacy of coal ash production and disposal is going to be with us for ages. These contaminants don't biodegrade."
For Jeff Brewer, 44, of New Market, Tennessee, he and his coal-ash coworkers were little more than expendable guinea pigs. He started working on the Kingston cleanup as a healthy man in his mid-30s, and after four years in the pit he was on two blood-pressure pills, a fluid pill, and a steroid inhaler; he was getting a testosterone shot every two weeks. He's been diagnosed with liver dysfunction and obstructive lung disease. Every few minutes he's racked by a harsh barking cough.
"It was like sucking the life out of you," Brewer says. "If I knew what I know today, I'd have picked up cans on the side of the road. But I had a wife and three girls and I needed to provide for them. And they told us it wouldn't hurt us. You could eat a pound of it every day."
While the Kingston workers' exposure was extreme, they were the canaries in the coal-ash mine. Until all the ash ponds and landfills are cleaned up—and we stop burning coal—the risk to U.S. drinking water supplies remains. The next phase of the Kingston trial, in which individual workers will attempt to prove their illnesses were caused by coal ash exposure, will begin later this year.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is Debt Bomb About to Blow Up US Shale?
The US E&P sector could be on the cusp of massive defaults and bankruptcies so staggering they pose a serious threat to the US economy. Without higher oil and gas prices -- which few experts foresee in the near future -- an over-leveraged, under-hedged US E&P industry faces a truly grim 2016. How bad could things get?


Budget 2019 presented a mixed bag to Sri Lankans, but largely good. The drawback, once again, is the lack of courage to introduce and implement bold, ground-breaking and decisive economic legislature targeting long-term growth. But in face of farcical political turmoil and impending elections in a typical Sri Lankan voter environment, the island's Finance Ministers are constantly hard-pressed balancing welfare with prudency.
As detailed in the myriad of post-budget forums, the 2019 fiscal policy plan focuses on addressing four key growth constraints, namely; lack of skills and education, enhancing agricultural productivity, improving women's participation in the labour force and development finance for SMEs. It is refreshing that the Government is seeking active participation from the private sector to address almost all these aspects, with the 'engine of growth' called upon to initiate training programs to foster the necessary skills and resources for industries, which would then be supported with Government interventions. The private sector has also been engaged to provide better linkages to farmers or agricultural communities to infuse improved crop planning procedure and provide a marketplace for produce.
Successive government budgets have paid lip service for greater power to and collaboration with the private sector with little or no results to show. Almost every developed market showcases effective public-private partnership in key sectors such as health, transportation, sanitation and even communication – with the UK and Singapore standing out. The Government must move to strengthen these sectors and forge collaborations with dynamic but stringent rules. It is essential to strike an effective balance, so that we curb the emergence of a disparaging culture such as our private buses and three-wheelers that run riot at every corner. Private sector participation is paramount, but it must be measured.
Also, the Government must move to keep a tighter lid on its own fold to safeguard the revenue it aims to earn through the budget. For instance, the treasury hopes to rake in up to Rs. 370 billion with the excise increase on alcohol, cigarettes and other identified goods. Accordingly, the price of a regular cigarette has gone up by Rs. 10 to over Rs. 65, which is unprecedented. My gardener who usually smokes five fags a day says he has now reduced it to three because of price pressure. The Government earned over Rs. 110 billion from the tobacco industry last year, and it must be careful that it does not slay a goose that lays a golden egg.
Furthermore, it needs to come down hard on errant institutions that impede its revenue and governance expectations. Just over a week ago, The Sunday Times reported that the Vavuniya Pradeshiya Sabha had banned the sale of cigarettes in that area from this month. The implementation of a similar proposal in another Pradeshiya Sabha again in Vavuniya (confusing as it is) in October last year had resulted in an 80% drop in cigarette sales in the area according to Health Inspectors. A number of questions arise from this matter, primary being do the Pradeshiya Sabhas have authority to conjure up and implement regulations over and above what is mandated by the Central Government? Don't such actions hamper the revenue target set out by the Central Government, and should not the Government act swiftly to prevent the occurrence of such unsolicited acts by institutions under its own purview? Surely no institution or individual of any office can halt the sale of any lawful product or service. Pradeshiya Sabhas are overcrowded, coarse, chaotic and wasteful institutions that serve no purpose and drain public funds. Do away with them!
The Government states that female labour force participation is low as 30%, but this could be misrepresented due to the lack of coverage on the informal sector. The Daily FT recently quoted a report which stated that over 8,000 families island wide, primarily women, were engaged in the beedi industry rolling up to 1,000 sticks to earn Rs. 800 a day – this amounts to over Rs. 6.4 million daily. This is a significant number; possibly higher, and unaccounted as they do not figure in any formal process of record keeping. The Government must enhance mechanisms to regulate and control such informal sectors, spanning from tourism, manufacturing to agriculture. Whilst instances such as above could factor in the recorded low participation of women in the workforce, the Government's measures to enhance child and day care facilities, share maternity costs and consider flexible working hours for women must be lauded to help improve efficiency.
The Finance Ministry says that it has disbursed over Rs. 60 million in loans under the 'Enterprise Sri Lanka' program since last year, to give wing to small and medium businesses. A great deal of emphasis was also laid on the program this year which will provide great impetus to entrepreneurship and enriching life. However, it would be prudent to combine these facilities to an independent monitoring and consultancy program to ensure that these funds are invested in a systematic and productive fashion.
Local financial institutions have for long lamented the consumption habits of Sri Lankans, and for too long have we allowed development finance to be squandered on personal vanity. In the same vein, it is prudent to restrict the import of vehicles to the country for the purpose of balancing our foreign currency outflows, in addition to controlling traffic and wastage. Further restrictions are plausible.
Though this will no doubt serve as unpopular opinion, a practical analysis would easily demonstrate the balance of payments crisis exacerbated by vehicle imports. Despite the limits imposed on the issuance of Government Permits to civil servants to control this crisis, reports indicate that this could be reversed as a form of political carrots. We can only hope that prudence will prevail over politics – though this has seldom been the practice.


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Game tutorial
Free Radical Software
Market sentiment around production losses Elys Game Technology, Corp. (NASDAQ: ELYS)
Marie R. Burnham December 30, 2021
We think now is the right time to analyze Elys Game Technology, Corp. (NASDAQ: ELYS) because it looks like the company is on the cusp of a huge accomplishment. Elys Game Technology, Corp. provides online and land-based gaming services in Europe and North America. With the latest loss of US $ 9.9 million and a year-over-year loss of US $ 13 million, the US $ 70 million market-cap company amplified its loss by moving further away from its profitability target. . The most pressing concern for investors is Elys Game Technology's journey to profitability – when will it break even? In this article, we'll discuss the company's growth expectations and when analysts expect it to become profitable.
Check out our latest review for Elys Game Technology
According to the 4 industry analysts covering Elys Game Technology, the consensus is that the breakeven point is near. They expect the company to make a terminal loss in 2022, before making a profit of $ 8.1 million in 2023. So the company is expected to break even in about 2 years. How fast will the business need to grow each year to break even by 2023? Working backwards on analysts' estimates, it turns out that they expect the company to grow 97% on average over one year, which is extremely dynamic. If this rate turns out to be too aggressive, the company could become profitable much later than analysts predict.
NasdaqCM: ELYS Growth in earnings per share December 30, 2021
Since this is a high-level preview, we won't go into details of Elys Game Technology's upcoming projects, however, keep in mind that a high growth rate doesn't is generally not unusual, especially when a company is in an investment period.
One thing we would like to point out is that the company has managed its capital wisely, with debt accounting for 0.9% of equity. This means that it has mainly financed its operations from equity and its low debt reduces the risk of investing in the loss-making company.
This article is not intended to be a full review on Elys Game Technology, so if you want to understand the business on a deeper level, take a look at the Elys Game Technology company page on Simply Wall St We have also compiled a list of the essential factors that you should consider:
Evaluation: What is Elys Game Technology worth today? Has the potential for future growth already been factored into the price? The intrinsic value infographic in our free research report helps to visualize whether Elys Game Technology is currently being poorly valued by the market.
Management team: An experienced management team at the helm increases our confidence in the company – find out who sits on the Elys Game Technology board and the CEO's journey.
Other high performing stocks: Are there other stocks that offer better prospects with a proven track record? Check out our free list of these great stocks here.
Do you have any feedback on this item? Are you worried about the content? Get in touch with us directly. You can also send an email to the editorial team (at) simplywallst.com.
This Simply Wall St article is general in nature. We provide commentary based on historical data and analyst forecasts using only unbiased methodology and our articles are not intended to be financial advice. It does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any stock and does not take into account your goals or your financial situation. Our aim is to bring you long-term, targeted analysis based on fundamental data. Note that our analysis may not take into account the latest announcements from price sensitive companies or qualitative documents. Simply Wall St has no position in any of the stocks mentioned.
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Zacks: Brokerage firms expect Elys Game Technology, Corp. (NASDAQ: ELYS) Reports Earnings Per Share of $ 0.05


Canceling a reservation is annoying enough. By choosing the cancellation service at De Gulden Stroom you are covered for the financial consequences. This cancellation service provides cover for the cancellation costs of the head booker or one of the fellow travelers when your holiday can not take place. The fee for the cancellation service is 5% of the total reservation sum.
Up to and including the day of arrival you are entitled to 100% refund of the total reservation sum. This does not include the costs of the cancellation service and the possible costs of a preferential booking.
You inform us of the cancellation in writing or by telephone as soon as possible. The rent is refunded by De Gulden Stroom to you or if you wish, the credit can also be used for a reservation in the future.
What does not qualify for payment through the cancellation service?
If you have already arrived and you have to cancel your stay early, you are not entitled to a refund.
In case of cancellation for a reservation with arrival in the months of January, February, March, April, October, November and December you can cancel free of charge up to 14 days before arrival. In the event of cancellation within 14 days before arrival, you are required to pay the total reservation sum, excluding the costs of the accommodation tax.
In case of cancellation for a reservation with arrival in the months of May to September you can cancel free of charge up to 30 days before arrival. In case of cancellation within 30 days before arrival, you are required to pay the total reservation sum, excluding the costs of the accommodation tax.


text:
//
//  WJBaseAPI.h
//  DJHDecorate
//
//  Created by maoyuxiang on 16/5/25.
//  Copyright © 2016年 maoyuxiang. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "AFNetworking.h"
#import "UIKit+AFNetworking.h"
#import "YXHttpRequest.h"
#import "YXHttpResponse.h"
#import "YXNetWorkConfig.h"
#import "YXHttpProtocol.h"
#import "YXAPIParser.h"

static const NSInteger kNetTimeoutInterval = 30;//网络超时时间

/**
 网络请求基类,用于实现网络的请求,响应和取消
 */
@interface YXBaseAPI : NSObject

@property(assign, nonatomic) id<YXHttpDelegate> delegate;

/**
 *  一般网络请求
 */
- (void)sendRequest:(YXHttpRequest *)request;

/**
 *  带图片上传的网络请求
 */
- (void)sendRequest:(YXHttpRequest *)request imageData:(NSData *)imageData;

/**
 取消某个特定的网络请求
 */
- (void)cancelRequest:(YXHttpRequest *)request;

/**
 取消所有的网络请求
 */
- (void)cancelAllRequest;

/**
 *  解析网络数据
 */
- (void)parseWithResponse:(YXHttpResponse *)response;

/**
 回调代理方法
 */
- (void)invokeRequestFinishedDelegateWithResponse:(YXHttpResponse *)response;

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Enchanting Tulips Cling Rubber Stamp from Creative Expressions! This single cling rubber stamp by Phill Martin features a pretty scene of wild grasses and tulip flowers! Use this stamp to create focals on handmade cards— you can select which area to stamp and get different looks with the same stamp or cut the stamped image down to fit your card— accents on scrapbook pages, and more! This stamp measures 7.75"x3".
Other Sentimentally Yours Stamps: Magical Meadow (link), Poppy Field (link), and Secret Woodland (link).


The annual Men's Open Bonspiel last weekend convened by Allan Wrigglesworth was another success with 16 teams curling two games each to determine an overall winner.
This event included teams from Royal Kingston Curling Club, Cataraqui Golf and Country Club, Prince Edward Curling Club, Royal Canadian Curling Club and Napanee and District Curling Club. The local team of Jim Stapley, Paul MacDonald, Bill Richard and Stephen Paul won the A draw with 34 ¼ and their name on the trophy while Mark McDonald, Sandy Staples, T. Mastuantonio and M. Flieger from Cataraqui G&CC won the B draw with 32 points.
Next up for the NDCC is the new Open Sticks and Stones Bonspiel, set for Saturday, convened by Heather Ramshaw and the Euchre Tournament is set for Sunday, convened by Don and Brenda Kerr.


They are the Sentinels. Three races, ancient guardians of mankind, each possessing unique abilities to protect humanity against their eternal foes: the Synestryn. Now, for one Sentinel, the only way to reclaim her forgotten past is to follow the blood.
Hope appeared out of nowhere, naked and alone, a woman without past. The only thing she knows is that she is imbued with a strange power. It's in her blood. And two men want to possess it.
One is Logan, a Sanguinar demon-fighter who needs Hope's essence to survive. As a vampire he's well-equipped to find her a like-blooded mate whose progeny could sustain his race for generations. The other is Krag, a Synestryn lord whose desire is to enslave Hope, and drain her of the lifeforce. With it he could control humanity forever.
When Hope and Logan both fall prey to Krag, a powerful desire grows between them. But is it enough to thwart their captor's diabolical plan and his demon warriors, and survive a vampire's destiny written in blood?
Laev T'Hawthorn -- one of the highest nobles in the land -- must rebuild his life after a devastating mistake. He married a woman he believed was his HeartMate, only to learn she was a greedy social climber. She callously used him, stealing his family heirlooms. He is determined to reclaim all that he has lost -- beginning with his self-respect.
Abandoned at fifteen, Camellia Darjeeling values her independence above all. She's fought to establish her own businesses -- elegant tearooms -- only to have her father and uncle re-enter her life. They emotionally scourge her and extort money. Trusting men, even her HeartMate, is too risky.
When Laev and Camellia meet, they refuse to acknowledge that they are true HeartMates. After her shady relatives are implicated in the theft of Laev's property, Camellia and Laev's lives become ever more entangled bringing each to the brink of despair and passion...and a destiny they can no longer avoid.
Midnight Sins begins the trilogy of three friends caught in a vicious circle of blood and distrust. Micah Decker has been tormented by the night he and his friends were forced to watch Jaimma Flannigan die. Helpless, horrified, the nightmares still haunt him. As does the knowledge that the one woman he wants above all others fears him now.
Kyra Flannigan lost her sister in the brutal murders that haunted their hometown more than a decade before. And there are those who still believe Micah, Logan, and Crowe, committed those murders. There are many who believe Wayne Sorbenson was innocent. Kyra's parents are two of those people. Kyra has always wanted Micah. Even at a time when he had been slipping around to see her sister and she was covering for them, he's haunted first her girlish dreams, then her adult fantasies. She can't accept that he killed Jaimma. She can't forget that her parents were destroyed by her sisters death, or that Wayne, the man they accused of killing her, was a close friend of her father's.
That won't stop Micah from going after the woman that haunts his lusts, as well as his dreams of a future. Now a local rancher, he's fought, worked until his hands were bloody and is quickly on the road to building a legacy for the children he doesn't yet have. He wants Kyra to be the mother of those children, the wife he's dreamed of having. Flame haired and wild as the wind, she's possibly untamable, most likely unattainable, but he's going to fight like hell to seduce the little hellion into his bed. He couldn't have imagined the hell that would open up once he does so. Or the past that will return with a vengeance when women begin dying again. Women that Micah, Logan and Crowe have a connection to. Suspicion, fear and loyalty will tear at Kyra, until she makes the choice that endangers her life and the soul of the man she loves.
Orphaned as a toddler, Abigail Yager was taken in by a family of vampires and raised on one belief- Dark-Hunters are the evil who prey on both their people and mankind, and they must all be destroyed. While protecting her adoptive race, she has spent her life eliminating the Dark-Hunters and training for the day when she meets the man who killed her family: Jess Brady.


Our Wooden Sleepers candle is made by us in NYC. Hand-poured, soy wax, cotton wicks, recyclable glass jars. Smells like an old pipe. 12 oz. and 8 oz. available.
Warning! To prevent fire and serious injury: Burn candle within sight. Keep away from drafts and vibrations. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Never burn candle on or near anything that can catch fire.
Burning Instructions: Trim wick to 1/4 inch before lighting. Keep candle free of any foreign materials including matches and wick trimmings. Only burn the candle on a level, fire resistant surface. Do not burn the candle for more than 4 hours at a time.
Size 8 oz. 12 oz.


text:
Bryce Harper's JUCO Career Over?
By Patrick Reddington@federalbaseball Jun 3, 2010, 12:39am EDT
Share All sharing options for: Bryce Harper's JUCO Career Over?
As B.J. Pierson noted below, College of Southern Nevada catcher/outfielder Bryce Harper was ejected from the CSN Coyotes' NJCAA World Series tournament game tonight in Grand Junction, CO.
According to a Twitter update by USA Today's Bob Nightengale, the ejection could mean the end of Harper's junior college career:
"It's official. Bryce Harper is suspended for 2 games, meaning that he very well may have played his last amateur game. "
The MLB Draft is scheduled for June 7th, with Harper projected to go no.1 overall to the Washington Nationals. A protracted negotiation is expected to follow, so it might be a while before the 17-year-old phenom is back on the field.


text:
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddSiteTemplateNameAndVersionToSites extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('sites', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->string('site_definition_name', 100)->default('');
            $table->unsignedSmallInteger('site_definition_version', false)->default(0);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('sites', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn(['site_definition_name', 'site_definition_version']);
        });
    }
}


text:
Самбук:

Фамилия
 Самбук, Иван Елисеевич (1919—1979) — Герой Советского Союза.
 Самбук, Иоганн (1531—1584) — венгерский гуманист, врач, картограф, философ, филолог и поэт, советник и историограф императоров.
 Самбук, Камиль (, 1859—?) — французский ботаник.
 Самбук, Ростислав Феодосьевич (1923—1996) — украинский советский писатель.
 Самбук, Феодосий Викторович (1900—1942?) — советский ботаник.

Другое
 Самбук — тип парусного судна.
 Самбук — желированное сладкое блюдо, разновидность мусса.

См. также
 Самбука (значения)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Today more than ever, sport is woven into the social, cultural, and economic fabric of society. Sport is business. Sport is entertainment. Sport has endless educational and career opportunities awaiting those who have passion for the industry.
If the world of sports is where your passions lie, Falk College's Department of Sport Management is for you. Our professionally focused programs allow students to hone their interests in such areas as sports administration; sports business, finance and sales; sports marketing and promotion; facility and arena management; event planning; social psychology of sports; sports communications; athletic compliance and sports law, and; sport analytics.
Among the most valuable facets of the Department of Sport Management is its connection with the sports industry, which plays out in numerous ways, including Senior Capstone internships, visiting lecturers and guest speakers as well as many opportunities for one-on-one networking with leaders in the field. The cornerstone of the Syracuse University sport management program has been its multitude of experiential learning opportunities associated with its theory-to-practice approach to teaching. In conjunction with the Syracuse Athletics Department, the Carrier Dome is a 'living laboratory' for students. Hundreds of students have volunteered their time, energy and expertise to gain experience working at various events at this iconic sports venue.
You'll gain marketable skills through courses, research opportunities with faculty, and internships that prepare you for a wide range of careers. The change you want to see in the world starts with you—and it starts today.


Single family home with 3 bedrms, 2 full bathrms, sep 1st floor laundry room, finished basement with sep bathroom, single car garage, 3-car driveway, and enclosed back yard. Move-in ready! Living and dining, heated sun-room facing the park, updated kitchen with brand new contemporary cabinets with quartz counter-top and new stainless steel appliances. Includes new light fixtures, and new base board heating system. Brand new boiler and water heater. The finished basement has ceramic tile floor, base board heating, full bathroom and two separate entrances. Unfinished large attic. Flood insurance req.


There are two major shows taking place across the country this week.
There are two major shows on the numismatic docket this week.
Also being held today is the Classic Coins and Paper Money Show, which is being held at the Best Western Plus on 930 Burnham St., in Cobourg, Ont.
With "lots of coins, paper money, militaria and more," this show boasts free admission and free parking according to organizers.
There are three shows slated to take place next week.
Torex on Feb. 23-24 in Toronto.


text:
Emerging Uses
About Vanadium
For Nextsource Materials
Emerging Uses, Vanadium Library
What is Vanadium?
Vanadium is a strategic rare chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a soft, silvery gray, ductile transition metal with good structural strength, a natural resistance to corrosion and stability against alkalis, acids and salt water. In nature, the element is found only in chemically combined forms occurring naturally in about 65 different minerals and in fossil fuel deposits. Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia. It is typically produced from steel smelter slag and from the flue dust of heavy oil, or as a by-product of uranium mining.
Why Vanadium
Roughly 63 million tonnes of contained vanadium was produced globally in 2010. Approximately 98% of that production came from vanadium-bearing magnetite found in ultramafic gabbro bodies in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia.
A Steel Strengthener
Vanadium has been used to strengthen and harden steel since the late 1800s when it was used to armor steel in the hull of battle ships. It is strategic in both performance and cost. Vanadium has remarkable characteristics which give it the ability to make things stronger, lighter, more efficient and more powerful. Coined the "Electric Metal", its electron deficient structure lends itself well to the formation of more stable nitrides and carbides when added to iron. It is also referred to as the plastics of the 21st century as vanadium creates ultra high-strength and super-light alloys. Although other metals can also have similar effects on steel, only a small amount of Vanadium is required to dramatically increase its tensile strength, making Vanadium one of the most cost-effective additives in steel alloys. These unique characteristics have made vanadium essential in construction applications worldwide as earthquake torn regions such as Japan rebuild, development projects explode in response to population increases and economic initiatives and leading edge architecture push the limits of physics. Vanadium is also used as an alloying element in other industries such as aerospace, where, unlike the steel industry, there is no other metallic substitute. Vanadium-titanium alloys have the best strength-to-weight ratio of any engineered material on earth.
A Supercharger
Vanadium has begun to play a pivotal role in the advancement of battery technology, namely in automotive (mobile) applications for electric and hybrid vehicles and in stationary energy storage applications for both renewable and conventional energy. Similar to its contribution to steel, it is Vanadium's 4 positive valence states (+2 through +5) that make it such an excellent energy storage media. Vanadium acts as a supercharger to batteries and improves the performance of what it is added to.
In the case of the car batteries (Lithium Ion Battery), Vanadium increases the energy density and voltage of the battery. This is important for the performance in electric and hybrid vehicles, as energy density equates to distance/range, while voltage equates to available torque.
In the case of energy storage systems, the Vanadium Flow Battery (VFB) is a leading energy storage system given its virtually unlimited storage capacity, long battery life, low maintenance requirements, adaptability and nominal environmental footprint.
Vanadium and Steel
Most Vanadium consumption (up to 98%) is as ferrovanadium (a mixture of iron and vanadium). Vanadium has been used as a steel additive since the late 1800s when "vanadium steel" was used to armor the hull of battleships making them impenetrable to explosive shells. Only a small amount of Vanadium significantly increases the strength, hardness, and high temperature stability of steel. Its electron deficient structure lends itself well to the formation of more stable nitrides and carbides when added to iron and as such vanadium has been referred to as the "electric metal". Applications of vanadium can be found today in machinery and tools but its greatest demand is in construction and transportation (automotive, aviation and aerospace).
Vanadium in Construction
Vanadium is a strategic metal that is the best strengthening agent for steel. Only a small amount of Vanadium is required to dramatically increase the tensile strength of steel, making Vanadium one of the most cost-effective additives in steel alloys.
Today's vanadium demand is driven by increased steel production primarily in China, India and the developing world. At the same time, various economic and legislative factors are increasing the use of vanadium in the steel industry, like stronger rebar to reduce catastrophic destruction in earthquake prone regions as well as providing the necessary strength demanded by cutting edge architectural design. As a result, the demand for vanadium is expected to grow at 7 percent each year from 2010 to 2025 based on the steel industry alone.
Vanadium in Transportation
NASA's SR-71B high speed aircraft uses a titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy in their jet engines helping them to reach altitudes of over 85,000 feet and speeds of more than 2,200 mph. (Photo: NASA)
Vanadium is also critical as an alloying element in various aspects of transportation including automotive, aviation and aerospace. The machinability and economic benefits of vanadium steel find it widely used in components such as axles, crankshafts, gears and chassis. In aviation and aerospace, vanadium's strength and thermal stability is utilized in jet engines. Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel to make airframes. In this sector, vanadium is irreplaceable as there is no acceptable substitute for Vanadium in aerospace titanium alloys. This is because Vanadium-titanium alloys have the best strength-to-weight ratio of any engineered material on earth. As with steel alloys used in construction, only small amounts are required in order to achieve the desired critical properties for safety and performance.
Vanadium and Batteries
Clean, renewable energy technologies such as electric cars, and wind and solar power generation continue to grow across global markets. However, the existing grid was never designed to handle the intermittent power supplies inherent with these clean energy sources. An efficient way to store the surplus of energy while making large amounts available at a moment's notice has been a crippling hurdle. Renewable energy's greatest challenge is Vanadium's greatest opportunity. The solution lies in the unique properties of vanadium that make it the battery supercharger. Vanadium is now making cars go farther faster and delivers the solution to mass clean energy storage systems.
Vanadium in Car Batteries
In mobile battery applications, namely car batteries for use in electric and hybrid vehicles, vanadium is being added to various lithium-based battery technologies to produce a car battery that can store more energy (which translates into a greater distance travelled on a single charge), provide more power (which translates into more torque) and can be recharged faster.
At present, the lithium-Vanadium-phosphate combination is regarded by some as the best chemistry due to the advantage it has over all other existing lithium-based chemistries, (particularly lithium-cobalt batteries, the standard type of chemistry you have in your laptop) because of its ability to produce the highest energy density and voltage. This means they can store more energy than similar chemistries such as Manganese Oxide and are very good at producing power and producing it safely (Figures 1 and 2). Coupled with the fact that lithium-Vanadium-phosphate is cheaper than alternatives such as lithium-cobalt, many researchers and analysts consider this chemistry to be a very real contender for the next generation of automotive batteries. Research and development sources say the amount of Vanadium used relative to lithium in these batteries is a 1:1 ratio.
The Latest Breakthrough
One of the most compelling break-throughs illustrating how Vanadium, when combined with lithium, creates "supercharged" batteries is the recent news by Germany's DBM Energy. In partnership with German utility Lekker Energie, DBM Energy equipped an Audi A2 electric vehicle with its new lithium-Vanadium metal polymer battery and set a long distance record of 603 kilometres (375 miles) travelled on a single charge. The battery's basic electro-chemistry consists of a metallic lithium anode and a Vanadium oxide cathode. DBM Energy claims the battery has 97% efficiency and can be charged at virtually any electrical socket. Plugged into a 240-volt direct-current source, the battery can be fully charged within 6 minutes.
There are now several companies that have announced that they are developing and in some cases, soon producing lithium-Vanadium-phosphate batteries:
China's BYD Auto
Japan's GS Yuasa Corp. (which provides batteries for Mitsubishi Motors)
Japan's Subaru Motors
United States' Valence Technologies
Vanadium in Storage Batteries
Cellstrom's solar VFB powering an Italian vineyard
Vanadium is poised to play a pivotal role in the commercialization of renewable energy. Renewable energy's biggest challenge has been the absence of efficient mass storage. To include a high percentage of renewable energy (which is intermittent at best) into the power grid, you need reliable storage. Right now, any unused renewable energy that is not used immediately is lost.
With the recent nuclear incidents in Japan and the on-going conflicts in Libya and the Middle East, countries are already re-examining their power generation options and seeking out alternatives to nuclear energy and ways to reduce their dependency on fossil fuels. Coupled with reliable storage, renewable energy is one of the obvious choices – it is free, it is abundant, and it is carbon neutral.
It turns out that renewable energy's greatest challenge is Vanadium's greatest opportunity. A Vanadium-based battery called the Vanadium Flow Battery (VFB) is regarded as one of the leading energy storage systems. VFBs store energy and can be adapted to meet specific energy storage and power demands.
Advantages of the VFB
The VFB is chemically and structurally different from any other battery. It has a lifespan of tens of thousands of cycles, does not self-discharge while idle or generate high amounts of heat when charging, can charge and discharge simultaneously, and can release huge amounts of electricity instantly – over and over again.
The VFB is the only battery technology today capable of powering everything from a single home (kilowatt hour capacity) right up to the storage demands of a power grid (megawatt hour capacity) to help smooth out the unpredictable flow of energy generated by wind turbines and solar panels.
How a VFB Works
A Vanadium Flow Battery is an assembly of power cells: 2 vanadium based electrolytes (liquids that conduct electricity) separated by a proton exchange membrane such as graphite. In solution, Vanadium's 4 positive valence states (+2 through +5) make it an excellent electrolyte for use in energy storage media. In the Vanadium Flow Battery, one tank has the positively charged Vanadium ions in two valence states (V4+/V5+) floating in its electrolyte. The other tank holds an electrolyte full of different Vanadium ions in two valence states (V2+/V3+). It is the electron differential between the two cells that generates electric power. When energy is needed, pumps move the ion-saturated electrolyte from both tanks into the stack, where a chemical reaction causes the ions to change their charge, creating electricity. It is the Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) resulting from this process that effectively stores the energy.
To charge the battery, electricity is sent to the Vanadium battery's stack. This causes another reaction that restores the original charge of Vanadium ions. The electrical energy is converted into chemical energy stored in the Vanadium ions. The electrolytes with their respective ions are pumped back into to their tanks, where they wait until electricity is needed and the cycle is started again.
Unlike other competing flow battery systems (such as zinc-bromide), a very high number of charges and discharges can occur in a VFB system without any significant decrease in capacity. The VFB has an 87 percent energy efficiency and its energy-holding electrolyte operates at room temperature and never wears out, making the VFB a Green energy storage system.
VFBs are unique in their ability to meet specific energy storage and power demands of almost any size. Because the electrolyte that stores the energy in a VFB is housed in external tanks, it allows power and energy density to be scaled up independently of each other. In other words, want to store more power? Just increase the size of the tanks. As a result, a VFB can meet a wide range of power requirements from kilowatt-hour capacity to megawatt-hour capacity, making the upper limit of the energy-to-power ratio of a VFB virtually unlimited.
This makes the VFB a very adaptable energy storage system, with kilowatt capacities ideal for residential and commercial applications and megawatt capacities for the power grid and stand-alone storage systems for solar/wind farm installations.
Another unique attribute of a VFB is the fact that the electrolyte is stored externally from the battery's electrode or cellblock, which prevents the self-discharging that occurs in other battery systems.
Key Advancements in the VFB to Reduce Size and Cost
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have increased the VFBs energy storage capacity by 70 percent and expanded the temperature range in which they operate to between 23 and 122 degrees Fahrenheit (-5 to 50 Celsius) from between 50 and 104 degrees Fahrenheit (10 to 40 degrees Celsius). This noteworthy advancement means that smaller tanks can be used to generate the same amount of power as larger tanks filled with the old electrolyte and greatly reduce the need for costly cooling and heating systems. Researchers believe this advancement could significantly reduce the size and cost of the VFB.
Vanadium for Batteries and Energy Storage
The Vanadium Flow Battery (VFB) is a leading energy storage system which requires large amounts of high purity (greater than 98.4%), battery-grade vanadium. This type of vanadium is not readily available today. The increasing evidence in the marketplace of key developments in VFB technology is expected to result in the acceleration of commercial applications of vanadium-based battery technologies.
A great opportunity exists for vanadium producers who can provide the necessary high purity, battery-grade vanadium required by the VFBs. Energizer Resources (TSX:EGZ) is uniquely positioning itself to meet the new anticipated demand for high purity, battery-grade vanadium with its Green Giant project.
More and More Evidence of VFBs in the Marketplace
Every week, there is more and more evidence of the growing prominence of vanadium-based technologies in the marketplace, including news that General Electric has agreed to acquire Converteam, a world leader in power conversion technologies, which is collaborating with Prudent Energy to design and install VFBs for power grids in both China and the USA this year.
As mentioned in the Company's previous press releases, there have been considerable developments in the advancement of vanadium flow battery technology in recent months. Three laboratories on three different continents have announced advancements in the development of VFBs for grid storage applications. These advancements are expected to both reduce the size and cost of the VFB, and in turn, accelerate their implementation on a commercial level:
The United States Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) announced the ability to increase the energy storage capacity of the VFB by 70% and to expand the temperature range in which they operate by modifying the battery's electrolyte solution. This advancement will allow the size of the VFB to be reduced, while generating the same amount of power storage and output, and will allow the VFB to work in a wider temperature range while maintaining its high (approximately 87%) efficiency.
PNNL's announcement can be read in its entirety at http://www.pnl.gov/news/release.aspx?id=855
Through the PNNL, the United States Department of Energy has committed millions of research dollars towards further advancement and development of the vanadium flow battery. As mentioned in President Obama's speech at the Forum for Small Business in Cleveland, Ohio, the Department of Energy is helping fund the installation of the largest VFB in North America at a municipal power plant in Painesville, Ohio.
Germany's Fraunhofer Institute, the German government's research organization that employs around 18,000 scientists and engineers, announced on March 31, 2011 that they are working to expedite the development of vanadium flow batteries.
Researchers demonstrated the operation of a VFB at the Hanover Fair (Hannover Messe), the world's foremost technology and energy event, which is held in Hanover, Germany each year. The Fraunhofer Institute announced their goal to build a 20 MWh capacity VFB installation, which would represent the world's largest VFB. A VFB this size would utilize approximately 33 tonnes of battery-grade vanadium (V2O5) and would provide enough energy to supply power to roughly 2000 households for an entire day.
The full text of this announcement can be read at http://www.fraunhofer.de/en/press/research-news/2010-2011/15/giant-batteries-for-green-power.jsp
The Fraunhofer Institute has a proven history of success in its hundreds of commercial enterprises, inventions and patents, including the MP3 audio and the H264/MPEG-4 video compression algorithms.
The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China's largest and state-owned science and research institute, have discovered a new nanofiltration membrane material that enhances the efficiency of VFBs making them a more viable tool for large-scale energy storage. Researchers found that by utilizing a new material, they could lower the cost of the membrane without sacrificing the performance or efficiency of the VFB.
The membrane serves as the facilitator of energy transfer in a VFB, allowing energy in the form of ions to pass from one side of the battery to the other during charge-discharge cycles, which enables the VFB to release power.
The CAS announcement can be read in its entirety at http://rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2011/April/13041101.asp.
The CAS has created hundreds of commercial enterprises, including with Lenovo Corporation (which purchased IBM's PC Division).
Vanadium Flow Batteries – Nearing the Tipping Point
The vanadium electrolyte and the membrane are the two most expensive components in a VFB. Together they represent approximately 50% of the cost of the battery. The advancements in the development of the VFBs by the leading research institutes of PNNL, Fraunhofer, and CAS are expected to both reduce the size and cost of the VFB, and in turn, accelerate their implementation on a commercial level.
The increasing evidence in the marketplace of key developments in VFB technology is expected to result in the acceleration of commercial applications of vanadium-based battery technologies and in turn, may signal that the tipping point for vanadium flow batteries is near.
Off Take Potential
Everyone is talking about vanadium – even U.S. President Barack Obama. At a Presidential roundtable discussion at Cleveland State University, President Obama commented on the efforts of Painesville, Ohio's power system and its partners in building a massive energy storage system for the city, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Smart Grid Program, using vanadium flow battery technology. President Obama joked that "vanadium redox fuel cells is one of the coolest things I've ever said out loud". President Obama continued to say that this "next generation energy storage system will help families and businesses cut down on energy waste, save money and reduce dangerous carbon emissions".
Vanadium is becoming one of the most sought after metals in the world. China recently announced that the development of the country's vanadium industry will be a top priority in the next 5 years. Approximately 48%of the world's vanadium supply comes from China. China has gone from being the world's largest exporter of vanadium to the world's largest consumer. As China's urbanization expansion continues, the country's demand for vanadium for steel use alone is expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years. Vanadium is attracting the attention of more and more investors, analysts and the mining industry in general. Two prominent Canadian mining publications, The Northern Miner and Resource World Magazine, are profiling vanadium as lead stories. The Northern Miner's February 29 to March 6, 2011 edition leads with a feature entitled, "Spotlight on Vanadium", while Resource World Magazine's April Issue focused on vanadium with a special industry feature.
Within 10 Years…
Energy storage is predicted to be a $600 billion industry (Source: Piper Jaffray Energy Report 2009).
Lithium Batteries in Electric Vehicles
Industry analysts forecast 250 million electric cars by 2020
10% of that = 25 million cars x 23kg V2O5 per battery = 575,000 tonnes V2O5
575M x .023 tonnes V2O5 or 54% of the current annual world supply each year, for 10 years (575K ÷ 107K ÷ 10 years) (Valence Technologies)
. Residential Applications of VFBs
An average home uses approx. 25-35 kilowatt hours (kWh) per day.
A 100kWh VFB can supply an average home with power for 2-3 days.
Each 100kWh VFB requires ~800kg (1760 lbs.) of V2O5. There are approximately 675 million households in North America, EU and China
If 3% of those households (20 million households) used a 100KWh VFB = 16.2 million tonnes V2O5(20.25M x .8 tonnes V2O5) or 15 times the current annual world supply each year, for 10 years (20.25M ÷ 107K ÷ 10 years)
Commercial Applications of VFBs
Each 1 megawatt hour (MWh) VFB requires ~ 10 tonnes of V2O5
2 million commercial locations worldwide utilize a 1MWh VFB = 20 million tonnes V2O5 (2M locations x 10 tonnes V2O5 each) or 18.7 times the current annual world supply each year, for 10 years (20M ÷ 107K ÷ 10 years)
US Energy Consumption
The United States' energy consumption in 2008 was 3.74 billion MWh.
The Obama Administration's energy mandate is to have 20% of the power grid consumption (or 748 million MWh) be sourced from renewable energy.
If just 0.5% of the 748 million MWh was stored in a 8MWh capacity VFB, you would have 467,500 8MWh VFBs = 37.4 million tonnes V2O5 (748M x 0.5% = 3.74M MWh x 10 tonnes V2O5each) or 35 times the current annual world supply each year, for 10 years (37.4M ÷ 107K ÷ 10 years)
The information contained in this article and provided by VanadiumCorp is sourced from third-party content in the public domain and is for general information purposes only, with no representation, guarantees of completeness, warranty of any kind, express or implied regarding the accuracy, adequacy, validity, availability, completeness, usefulness or timeliness of any information contained within. Please also excuse any syntax as authors and reposted articles are sourced from global origins. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL WE HAVE LIABILITY TO YOU FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE OF ANY KIND INCURRED AS A RESULT OF THE USE OF THIS REPOSTED ARTICLE. THE USE OF THIS ARTICLE AND YOUR RELIANCE ON ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SOLELY AT YOUR OWN RISK. VANADIUMCORP ALSO ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS OR OMISSIONS IN THE CONTENT OF THIS ARTICLE.
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I love to scare myself. I don't know why because doing so sometimes causes me to have nightmares but I do it anyway.
One thing I love is scary campfire stories. Keep in mind though that scary campfire stories, like the one below, are not intended for kids. Save these stories for adult gatherings or when you are positive the kids are asleep and are not going to hear them.
Here's one I first heard when I was teenager and still gives me goosebumps!
THE HOOK The reports had been on the radio all day, though she hadn't paid much attention to them. Some crazy man had escaped from the state asylum. They were calling him the Hook Man since he had lost his right arm and had it replaced with a hook. He was a killer, and everyone in the region was warned to keep watch and report anything suspicious. But this didn't interest her. She was more worried about what to wear on her date.


Physician - Family Medicine Statesboro, GA Regional Medical Center in Statesboro, GA is seeking a BC/BE Family Medicine or Internal Medicine physician. Outpatient Only practice. Call (by phone) and pediatric inpatient only. Hospitalists see adults. Option: Private Practice or employed The Private Practice option is to join a (2) location; (2) physician practice. Option for partnership Possible Offer May Include: Competitive Salary Commencement Bonus Relocation Assistance CME Assistance Medical Education Debt Assistance Health Benefits Vacation Growing college town with great schools and diversified industries/payors. Close drive to the coast of GA and Savannah. Typical southern community with friendly neighborhoods and deep roots. Statesboro and Bulloch County operate a world class public sports facility with a long list of atheltic offerings for children through adults including year round swimming and seasonal water park. Travel distance to both Savannah, GA and Augusta, GA are easy for shopping, dinning or recreation. Tybee Island, GA and Hilton Head, SC are easy day trips.


text:
OECD Home Directorate for Science, Technology and InnovationScience, technology and innovation policyDementia and Health Innovation
Dementia and Health Innovation
How can innovation in science and technology be used as a tool to combat dementia? With no therapies currently available to cure or effectively alter the progression of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, innovative research and development strategies are needed. However, the pathway towards disease-modifying therapies and effective diagnostics remains uncertain and takes considerable time and financial resources. Collaborative partnerships to drive biomedical research and health innovation are emerging and require new systems and structures that create the incentives for active participation and allow the rewards of success to be shared.
Innovation and Dementia- Updates and Events
Global Action to Drive Innovation in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias: Connecting Research, Regulation and Access
15-16 December 2015, Beau-Rivage Palace Hotel, Lausanne, Switzerland
First WHO Ministerial Conference on Global Action Against Dementia
Geneva, 16-17 March 2015
Enhancing Translational Research and Clinical Development in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementia: The Way Forward Workshop
Lausanne, Switzerland, 11-12 November 2014
Addressing dementia research and care: Can big data help?
Toronto, 15 September 2014
Unlocking Global Collaboration to Accelerate Innovation for Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia
Oxford, 20 June 2013
Innovation and Dementia- Resources
Addressing Dementia: The OECD Response
15 March 2015- The large and growing human and financial cost of dementia provides an imperative for policy action. It is already the second largest cause of disability for the over-70s and it costs $645bn per year globally, and ageing populations mean that these costs will grow. There is no cure or effective treatment for dementia, and too often people do not get appropriate health and care services, leading to a poor quality of life. Our failure to tackle these issues provides a compelling illustration of some of today's most pressing policy challenges. We need to rethink our research an innovation model, since progress on dementia has stalled and investment is just a fraction of what it is for other diseases of similar importance and profile. But even then a cure will be decades away, so we need better policies to improve the lives of people living with dementia now. Communities need to adjust to become more accommodating of people with dementia and families who provide informal care must be better supported. Formal care services and care institutions need to promote dignity and independence, while coordination of health and care services must be improved. But there is hope: if we can harness big data we may be able to address the gaps in our knowledge around treatment and care.
Dementia Research and Care - Can Big Data Help?
February 2015- What potential does "Big Data" hold for finding new approaches to discovering a cure and disease-modifying therapies and to improve social care services for the growing number of people with dementia? Government leadership and public-private partnerships will be needed to create and sustain big data resources. Key next steps are to create national infrastructures supporting "broad and deep" data; to develop international benchmarks to compare the performance of health systems; and to develop an international pilot project to demonstrate the benefits of linking broad and deep data to dementia research and care.
Enhancing Translational Research and Clinical Development for Alzheimer's Disease and other Dementias
Accelerating innovation for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias is a key challenge. Over the past few years, the OECD has conducted work in a number of areas related to innovation in biomedical research and health innovation for healthy ageing. The workshop aimed to provide an international forum for all stakeholders to drive forward a change in the global paradigm in biomedical research and health innovation for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.
Public-private Partnerships in Biomedical Research and Health Innovation for Alzheimer's Disease and other Dementias
This report is in line with recommendations of the G8 Summit Declaration to strengthen collaboration for innovation and cross-sector partnerships focused on social impact investment, new care and prevention models, and academia/ industry partnerships.
Workshop on Integrating Omics and Policy for Healthy Ageing: Synthesis Report
January 2014- The increase in the human life span is a testament to the economic, social and medical progress made over the course of the last century. However, an ageing population brings some new challenges both to healthcare systems and to medicine in terms of the increased manifestation of specific diseases primarily seen in the elderly.
Toward New Models for Innovative Governance of Biomedicine and Health Technologies
December 2013- This report examines examples of new and emerging governance models that aim to support the responsible development of diagnostics and treatments based on the latest advances in biomedicine. In particular, it presents programmes and initiatives that aim to manage uncertainty in the development and approval of new medical products and thereby to improve the understanding of the risk/benefit balance.
Public Health in an Age of Genomics
August 2013- This report presents the findings of a research project to investigate the drivers and criteria shaping the application of genomic biotechnology to health in different national settings, and the barriers to implementation nationally and internationally. A case study approach was adopted for the project.
Emerging Trends in Biomedicine and Health Technology Innovation: Addressing the Global Challenge of Alzheimer's
June 2013- The economic and social impact of chronic brain disorders such as Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases will become the number one public-health problem worldwide, directly affecting 100 million people by 2050. Ageing populations worldwide will soon confront a serious crisis as a result of significant growth of the healthcare market, in a climate of shrinking resources.
Policy Issues for the Development and Use of Biomarkers in Health
2011- This report examines the current economic, regulatory, and health care context in which biomarkers are being developed and identifies the barriers which may slow or block the uptake and diffusion of biomarker-based technologies in the clinical setting.
To access the complete library of OECD resources on dementia, including publications and freely available working and policy papers, click here
For any queries about the Dementia and Innovation, please write to Mr Hermann Garden (hermann.garden@oecd.org).
For general OECD work on dementia For work on dementia and care For work on dementia and big data For general OECD work on innovation