These last few days I've been hanging out at the beach shack and I'm REALLY happy with how it's looking. The renos are as good as done and now it's all about the decorating.
I'm a true believer that a shack should be pretty and simple. I really like the whole cane lounge with big floral prints look but Roge would kill me if I decorated that way. I also had to work with what furniture we had in storage or what we could convince our relatives to give us!
Here are two of the bedrooms and I've put a before pic at the start to remind you how they looked!
Ta da! Ignore the hole in the wall that I need to patch up but otherwise this room now sings! We ripped up the carpet and painted the walls Dulux Natural White. The mirror on the wall was Mum's and the chair was one I had in my lounge but was originally found at the Hobart Tip Shop ($25).
Cheap mat from Freedom ($19), Mum's old metal chest and a second hand bed from Gumtree.
An op shop Bentwood side table ($10) with a cardboard radio found at a gift shop in Hobart. All the bedding is stuff I had in my cupboard from when I was going through my white phase!
Remember how I went to the Eco-co store and brought some very expensive cushions? Well here they are in full use amongst all the other stuff which we already had or I had found from the op shop. They really add that final bit of "zing" to the rooms don't you think?
Simple, white walls (same colour as before). The bed was donated by a very sweet friend, Deb.
The linen is what I had in the cupboard. The old carpet was ripped up and we laid seagrass matting which I purchased from a wholesaler on the mainland for $900 for 64m2 which was a bargain as I was able to lay it in all four of the lower rooms (which are concrete floors) plus enough to do the bungalow. The sheepskin mat was a Evandale market purchase ($10). The paper lantern light shade is from ebay ($3).
The cardboard stools are from a designer called Paper Tiger. I've had them for a few years now but recently had not had a use for them. They can hold up to 250kg! I didn't believe that fact until my Grandad sat on one (he's not a small fella!).
So there's your first look at two of the finished bedrooms. I still feel like the walls need a bit of art but I like to take my time, getting a feel for the place before I go slapping stuff all over the walls and stuffing more furniture into every corner. Decorating a house is something which is "built" over time and extra layers are added along the way. I'm pleased with these rooms at their "stage 1" phase and will enjoy looking back at the pics in five years time to see how they've changed. I'm sure they will have as I find a new bargain from the markets or op shops!
*Use the same paint colour throughout the house as you will end up needing less paint (and therefore costing less $).
*Try not to involve trades as they cost too much. Hence why we brought cheap seagrass matting/carpet as we could lay it ourselves.
*Purchase straight from the wholesaler if you can.
*Go through your cupboards and re use stuff that you've had tucked away for ages. So much of my decoration items have been brought from the op shop or market, stuffed in a cupboard with no use until now. Plus I had all that linen and cushions from my past "fads" and now I can give it new life.
*Buy secondhand bits and pieces. It's cheaper than buying new, it already has a story and your house will look less like a showroom because the items have soul.
*Go though your relatives houses and ask them if they'd let you have a few things. They too probably have cool bits and pieces stuffed at the back of their cupboards!
*If you're going to buy something a little bit extravagant, just buy one or two big ticket items. That's all you need to make your room look that little bit special.
I'm sure there's more but I can't think what else at this present moment. I guess the moral of my story is, second hand and re use stuff you already have. Ask family and friends AND THEN fill in the gaps with a few new items.
The shack is looking amazing Alex, but no suprises there when it comes to you :) I'll be thinking of you tomorrow as you head back to work, it's not nice is it!
Hi Ange, I hope you're feeling a bit better? Thanks for the well wishes on my return to work. It was good, in fact almost fun so I might even go back next week! Would still rather be at home with Ewie though!


So Kristina and I had a special request for a blindfold to be used in a magic trick. So some quick research and here is what I ended up with.
I used a scrap of T-shirt, scraps of a black jean, some cotton batting and elastic.
Basically cut a mask shape from the jeans, the shirt and the cotton. cut a piece of elastic that fit's a bit snug around your head.
Pin the elastic to the jean - fold it in half and find the middle of the sides - attach the elastic just a hair above the middle (about the bottom of your eye). Sew the ends down a few times to secure it to the jeans.
Stack jean on the bottom (make sure to push the elastic in the middle), shirt, then the cotton and pin securely together. Carefully sew around the edges, at least a 1/4 inch in and leave a small opening to turn the mask.
Sew the opening closed and continue to sew a tight edge around the mask if desired.


When you have an hour to kill before a evening show on Broadway, why not take a stroll through one of the world's busiest intersections? Times Square is full of powerful, contagious energy (even if you feel it for only for a few minutes before wanting to get the heck out of there). The tourists roam with heightened senses and sparkly eyes, which is a drastic change from the charm of Greenwich, or the relaxed vibe of Brooklyn. I will confess- there was a brief moment where I wanted to burst out singing Alicia and Jay-Z...which was then followed by the urge to, following the show, return to our base in Soho for dinner and drinks. Hate it or love it, Times Square is definitely a thing to experience.
More pictures from NYC to come!


New Notification Release Date – 02-May-2015.
Education qualification: Graduation Degree .
Selection Procedure: staff selection commission will hold a national level open competitive examination.. SSC CGL Examination comprises total two tiers. Tier 1 and Tier 2 both examination will be objective type and MCQ based answer.
After that those candidates who will be declared qualified in the tier 1 and tier 2 they will be call for computer proficiency test and personal interview, and skill Test.
selection process will comprise following phases .
Minus marking Will be applicable. 0.25 marks for each in correct answer.


Mamiya Super 23 Black Rangefinder Medium Format Camera 150mm f5.6. In Great condition with 6x7 120 Film Back. Mamiya Super 23 Press Camera. Camera shows wear from regular use, some light scritches and scratches in the enamel surface and a few minor dings in the metal, handle shows more wear than the rest of the camera. All glass is clean, rangefinder focus works nicely. Comes with eye cup for easy viewing even in bright sunlight. A classic and beautiful medium format camera with rangefinder focus and full manual controls. Numerous film backs and lenses make this camera versatile and flexible for many different situations. Weighing in at 5 lbs. This camera is a serious tool with precision parts.
Be sure you are ready for it. Mamiya 150mm f5.6 Lens. In excellent condition with only light signs of use.
Glass is clean with no dirt, haze, oil, scratches, fungus, or marks of any kind. Aperture is snappy and responsive. It is best to keep the shutter set to "X", when it is set to "M" it will occassionally fire a few seconds after the shutter button is pushed. Comes with Lens Hood and Front Lens Cap.
The 150mm lens is equivalent to an 85mm on a 35mm camera and is perfect for portraits, nature photography, detail and studio photography. The film back shows more wear than the rest of the camera, with quite a bit of wear on the paint and metal, and some leatherette lifting a bit on one edge. For use with 120 film to photograph 6x7cm negatives. Be sure to keep the lens setting on "X" for optimal performance. Camera body shows normal wear from use with scratches in the enamel surface and a few minor dings that will have no impact whatsoever on functionality. Lens looks very nice with only light wear. Film back shows more considerable wear, worn paint and metal and a bit of leatherette lifting on one edge. Made by Mamiya in Japan. Lens Hood for 150mm Lens. Photos of actual items included in this listing. Is there something you want to know that we didn't mention in the description?
We're Happy to answer any questions you have. Check out our other items.
Need something you don't see listed? We may have it in inventory. Looking for something in particular? Might need some equipment in the future?
Cameras for Change specializes in digital and film photography equipment, handheld electronic devices such as smart phones, tablets, ereaders, gps units, laptops and other electronics. If you want to sell your Camera, Computer or Handheld Electronic Equipment you can choose to keep the sale value of your item or donate to an approved community organization. Single pieces, large collections, inventories and assets are very welcome.
We specialize in fund raising efforts and liquidation for non-profit corporations, religious institutions, schools, community organizations and relief efforts. Third party fundraising campaigns also available. We can help make your fund raising goals a reality! Cameras for Change provides exceptional customer service.
We provide high quality detailed images, truthful product descriptions with full testing of devices and expert analysis. We are Happy to serve citizens of any and all countries, but International Buyers - Please Note. Thank You and All the Best! The item "Mamiya Super 23 Press Black Medium Format Camera 150mm f5.6 + 6x7 Film Back" is in sale since Monday, April 16, 2018. This item is in the category "Cameras & Photo\Film Photography\Film Cameras".
change" and is located in Boulder, Colorado. This item can be shipped worldwide.


UK Price Comparison has over 5 products listed for Le'Xpress price comparison offered by more than 30 online retailers.
You can get the best deals of Le'Xpress products simply by searching for a product you are looking to buy in brand new, used or even refurbished condition.
Currys PC World and Robert Dyas are some of the many retailers selling Le'Xpress products.


text:
Q: MVC multiple similar models I have a class Age with properties "AgeID" and "Name", and this code:
    public static MvcHtmlString AgeToCommaSeparated(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, IEnumerable<Age> AgeList)
    {
        var sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (var age in AgeList)
        {
            sb.Append(age.Name);
            sb.Append(",");
        }

        return new MvcHtmlString(sb.ToString().TrimEnd(','));
    }

Then I have lots of other classes similiar to Age, like Gender with "GenderID" and "Name".
Is there a way to make the AgeToCommaSeparated function generic so I can pass any class to it?

A: Simply use String.Join:
 String.Join(",", ageList.Select(x=>x.Name));

UPDATE
You may do this to make your life easier but careful that compiling and running an expression is costly (that is what MVC does anyway but it uses caching inside):
public static class JoinExtensions
{
    public static string Join<TModel, TProperty>(this IEnumerable<TModel> enumerable, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression)
    {
        var compiled = expression.Compile();
        return string.Join(",", enumerable.Select(compiled));
    }
}

public class Age
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class Gender
{
    public string GenderId { get; set; }
}

Now you can write:
IEnumerable<Age> ages = new[]
                                    {
                                        new Age(){Name = "1"}, new Age(){Name = "2"}, new Age(){Name = "3"},
                                    };

Console.WriteLine(ages.Join(x => x.Name)); // outputs "1,2,3"

You may use this for any class. For example:
public class Gender
{
    public string GenderId { get; set; }
}

And then:
IEnumerable<Gender> genders = new[]
                                    {
                                        new Gender(){GenderId = "16"}, new Gender(){GenderId = "22"}, new Gender(){GenderId = "35"},
                                    };

Console.WriteLine(genders.Join(x => x.GenderId));

A: Why don't you create a common interface, something like this:
    public interface ICommaSeparable
    {
        string Chunk { get; set; }
    }

    public class Age : ICommaSeparable
    {
        public string Chunk { get { return AgeID; } }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int AgeID { get; set; }
    }

    public class Gender : ICommaSeparable
    {
        public string Chunk { get { return GenderID ; } }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public int GenderID { get; set; }
    }

    public static MvcHtmlString AgeToCommaSeparated(this HtmlHelper htmlHelper, IEnumerable<ICommaSeparable> SeparableList)
    {
        var sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (var sep in SeparableList)
        {
            sb.Append(sep.Chunk);
            sb.Append(",");
        }

        return new MvcHtmlString(sb.ToString().TrimEnd(','));
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Sven Unterwaldt (* 21. April 1965 in Lübeck) ist ein deutscher Filmregisseur und Drehbuchautor.

Leben
Der in Timmendorfer Strand aufgewachsene Unterwaldt begann bereits im Alter von 14 Jahren erste Amateurfilme zu drehen. Hierzu gehören der an der Waldkirche von Timmendorfer Strand 1979 entstandene Film Trip nach Transsylvanien, Tatort Schulhof und ein nicht ganz ernster Film über die Arbeit beim Malteser Hilfsdienst. Mit der Komödie Anfängerpech gewann er 1985 ein Comedy-Filmfestival von RTL und Hörzu.

Nach dem Abitur am Ostsee-Gymnasium Timmendorfer Strand und anfänglichen Gelegenheitsjobs als Kioskverkäufer und Strandkorbvermieter arbeitete Unterwaldt als Sketchschreiber beim Fernsehsender RTL. Hier entwickelte er Sketchvorlagen für Hape Kerkeling, Ingolf Lück, Wigald Boning sowie Götz Alsmann und führte zudem Regie. 1994 und 1995 arbeitete er als freier Regisseur für die Till & Obel Show und RTL Samstag Nacht. Es folgten Einspielfilme für die vom ZDF produzierte Verleihung der Goldenen Kamera, Regiearbeiten für Switch, den Fernsehfilm Antrag vom Ex und der Weihnachtsgala Danke Anke. Zu den weiteren Regiearbeiten gehörten 24 Folgen der Comedy-Serie Anke mit Anke Engelke, die Serie Berlin, Berlin sowie Alles Atze mit Atze Schröder.

Sein Debüt als Spielfilmregisseur gab Unterwaldt im Jahre 2001 mit der Ralf-König-Verfilmung Wie die Karnickel. Zusammen mit dem befreundeten Otto Waalkes schrieb er das Drehbuch zu 7 Zwerge – Männer allein im Wald (2004). Er führte ebenfalls Regie. Die nächsten Regiearbeiten fürs Kino waren Siegfried (2005) und 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug (2006). Bereits 28 Tage nach Kinostart gab es die Goldene Leinwand für drei Millionen Kinobesucher und den Bogey in Gold. Am 7. Oktober 2008 feierte Unterwaldt die Weltpremiere seiner Filmkomödie U-900 mit Atze Schröder und Yvonne Catterfeld in Essen. Weitere Filmproduktionen, darunter mehrere erneut mit Otto Waalkes in der Hauptrolle, folgten.

Sven Unterwaldt ist Mitglied im Bundesverband Regie (BVR).

Arbeiten fürs Fernsehen
 1994–1995: Till & Obel Show
 1994–1995: RTL Samstag Nacht
 1997–1998: Switch – TV gnadenlos parodiert
 1999: Antrag vom Ex
 1999: Weihnachtsgala Danke Anke
 2000: Anke
 2001: Einmal Prinz zu sein
 2001–2002: Berlin, Berlin
 2003: Alles Atze
 2003: Mutti

Kinoproduktionen
 2002: Wie die Karnickel
 2004: 7 Zwerge – Männer allein im Wald
 2005: Siegfried
 2006: 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug
 2008: U-900
 2010: Otto's Eleven
 2014: Der 7bte Zwerg
 2015: Hilfe, ich hab meine Lehrerin geschrumpft
 2016: Antonio, ihm schmeckt's nicht!
 2017: Schatz, nimm Du sie!
 2018: Tabaluga – Der Film
 2020: Vier zauberhafte Schwestern
 2021: Catweazle
 2022: Die Schule der magischen Tiere 2

Auszeichnungen
 Deutscher Fernsehpreis für Alles Atze
 Deutscher Comedypreis für Alles Atze
 Grimme-Preis für Berlin, Berlin
 Goldene Leinwand für 7 Zwerge – Männer allein im Wald
 Box Office Germany Award für 7 Zwerge – Männer allein im Wald
 Goldene Leinwand für 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug
 Box Office Germany Award für 7 Zwerge – Der Wald ist nicht genug

Weblinks

 Sven Unterwaldt bei der Agentur Ahrweiler

Einzelnachweise

Filmregisseur
Drehbuchautor
Deutscher
Geboren 1965
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Handcrafted here at our shop.
Waxed cord to maintain shape.
Slide the bead away from pouch and loosen cord to put the crystal in. Move the bead back in place to secure the crystal.
PLEASE NOTE: Colour of product may vary slightly from image.


View More In Novelty & More - Page 6.
Eileen Fisher represents modern apparel and accessories versatile enough for any woman's wardrobe. You'll find comfortable, high quality pieces that last. This Eileen Fisher Casual Top is guaranteed authentic. It's crafted with 95% Tencel/5% Polyurethane.
If you have any questions about this product by Eileen Fisher, contact us by completing and submitting the form below. If you are looking for a specif part number, please include it with your message.


Hurricane Matthew is making its way up the Florida coast, and it's looking like it might get pushed back out to sea on Saturday. (These can change frequently, so see our path/landfall post for updates.) But that might not be the end of the storm. Since the hurricane first started approach the U.S. coast, some models seem to show the storm might hit Florida, then go back out into the Atlantic, make a loop, and go back to Florida next week. Is this possible?
Most forecast models showed that Matthew could make landfall in Florida on Friday afternoon or just stay along the coast, and then move north off the coast of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. However, some models are indicating that after that, it might go into the Atlantic, turn south and west, and then possibly make landfall in Florida again next week, WWLTV reported. A low pressure area over the Midwest that could push a strong high pressure area into the northeast might create this scenario, according to WWLTV.
Looping is just one of many possible paths that Matthew might take, The Washington Post reported. The hurricane's path after it goes up the coast is still very uncertain.
Looping has happened before. In 2004, Hurricane Ivan landed on Gulf Shores, Alabama, moved into the Carolinas, then into the Atlantic, and then curved down and made a second landfall in Norther Florida. It then entered the Gulf of Mexico and made a third landfall in Lake Charles, Louisiana. Hurricane Ginger in 1971, Ginny in 1963, and Edna in 1953 also had looping paths, and Hurricane Easy in 1950 did hit Florida twice.
Right now, despite rumors that Hurricane Matthew might curve back and then land in the Gulf of Mexico, models aren't showing this as a major concern.
Remember, hurricanes can be very hard to predict. So keep an eye on the storm's path and don't assume anything. Just stay informed.
Could Hurricane Matthew make a loop and hit Florida twice? Find out more details about this prediction.


Effortlessly dress up your look for the season with this fringe statement necklace. Inspired by a sunset at dusk, this boho chic pendant necklace adds a billowing softness and a splash of color with the cascading silk like tassels.
Each of the soft colored tassels on the necklace have been lovingly handcrafted creating a unique eye catching texture and movement to the piece. Overall the necklace measures 26 inches in length, while the pendant hangs an additional 5 inches down. All of the components on the necklace are lead and nickel free and attached to a lobster claw closure.


Anyone else have these? Thought they were standard but then realised most S3's don't seem to have 'em.
Are they purely cosmetic, or do they perform any useful function?!
You must have 19's fitted from the factory then!
Jimbob76 and Rob2k68 like this.
So just a cosmetic thing then - thanks. Quite like them, won't be removing.
jassyo06 and Jimbob76 like this.
Makes sense - thanks mate. Now I won't just look a bit confused when I'm asked by people what these are for!
Loving floret silver black edition RS3 Sportback @monopole. Great colour combo, especially with those black rotors!
Supa Koopa, jungle650, BKing and 2 others like this.
Well you've just helped me justify posting this in the detailing thread mate. That looks absolutely boss And roof rails too - every Sportback should have 'em!
2.7.1. Of tyres near their point of contact with the ground, and connections for tyre pressure gauges;"
Basically, the extreme outer edge of the tyre must not exceed the extreme outer edge of the bodywork and so, to accommodate the 8J rear wheel and 225/35 tyre as fitted to the then limited volume 8P RS3 these £s cheap items were added; it saved meaga £s by NOT having to modify the STD 8P body shell for a limited production run of 8P Rs3s (250/500 UK cars was the expected production run). At the front, new carbon fibre wings were fitted to the 8P RS3 - Audi using this an excuse to develop a carbon-fibre wing.
Smaller wheels and tyres on an 8P S3 and so the STD setup complied.
Basically, the extreme outer edge of the tyre must not exceed the extreme outer edge of the bodywork and so, to accommodate the 8J rear wheel and 225/35 tyre as fitted to the then limited volume 8P RS3 these £s cheap items were added; it saved meaga £s by NOT having to modify the STD 8P body shell for a limited production run of 8P Rs3s (250 UK cars was the expected production run). At the front, new carbon fibre wings were fitted to the 8P RS3 - Audi using this an excuse to develop a carbon-fibre wing.
I still have one of the first 8P RS3 Jimbo.
Love this forum because of contributors like this!


text:
The 2013 I-League U20 was the fifth season of the Indian I-League U20 competition. The season took place during the I-League break between February and March. The tournament began on 6 March in Jamshedpur at the facilities which are currently used by Tata Football Academy. The stadiums were officially announced on 29 January 2013 as the JRD Tata Sports Complex and the Gopal Maidan.

Then on 6 February 2013 it was announced by I-League club Pune F.C. that the I-League U20 would be played between 15 clubs separated into 3 groups of five each with former I-League 2nd Division clubs SESA Football Academy and Tata Football Academy joining the U20 league while Pailan Arrows would not send an under-20 side to the tournament as they are already a developmental side in the I-League.

Each team played each other once in the group stage and then after 4 games the top 2 teams qualified for the Final Round in which the top team was crowned champion. The final round began on 16 March 2013.

Teams

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Final round

Top scorers

Final round

Group stage

The goalscorer during the Churchill Brothers - Air India match for Air India is not officially known yet.

See also
 I-League

References

I-League U20 seasons
2012–13 in Indian football


text:
Party like a Russian. Drink tea like a Siberian
Tea is always a good idea. How much tea do you drink a day? What's your favorite kind of tea?
After reading this article, you will know
why you need a towel while drinking tea;
how many times you must reject a tea-drinking invitation;
what Kyakhta language is and
how to become a millionaire living on the border with Mongolia.
Settlement of millionaires
Tea appeared in Siberia much earlier than in Europe. It came to Siberia from China through Mongolia and soon spread over Russia. Tea was delivered by camels on The Great Tea Way. Kyakhta a small settlement on the border with Mongolia was the main transit point for tea traffic. It was founded in order to develop trade relationships with China. Trade with China was an archaic barter. At that time, we needed a lot of different things made in China, but what could we offer our eastern neighbor? Siberian natural resources – furs, especially sable fur, the most expensive one.
China at that time was an extremely closed country, where only official caravans that traveled every three years from Russia were allowed to enter the country. The only place where it was possible to carry out private commercial contacts with China bypassing the state caravan was Kyakhta.
In the 18th-19th centuries Kyakhta used to be known far beyond the Russian Empire as being the only settlement of millionaires in the world.
Especially for the needs of trade in the 1830s, a Chinese language school was opened in Kyakhta. For several years, father Iakinf Bichurin taught Chinese there. He was the first Russian sinologist, who wrote the first Russian textbook of Chinese grammar for his Kyakhta students. The school was actively supported by local merchants. Interaction with China developed a special Kyakhta language in Kyakhta. It was a kind of mixture of Russian and Chinese.
Play by tea-drinking rules
In the 18th century when tea trade just started, that drink was a symbol of well-being because it cost a fortune. In the second half of the 19th century cheap teas appeared in Siberia, and tea-drinking spread all over Siberia. People used to drink tea up to 4 times a day. It usually came along with milk, jam, gingerbread and pastry. All guests used to be treated with tea. By the end of the 19th century tea-drinking in Siberia played a very important role in everyday life. People could spend long hours drinking tea. It was a kind of etiquette as well. When guests arrived, they were invited to drink tea. According to the etiquette you had to invite your guests to drink tea 3 times. Guests had to reject your invitation 2 times and your third invitation was accepted. While rejecting a guest used to cover a cup with a saucer and put a piece of sugar on it. Up to 8 cups of tea used to be drunk that is why samovars could contain 3 buckets of water. Samovars at that time were made manually from copper or brass, sometimes from silver or cupronickel. Pine cones and birch coals were used to boil water in samovars. Birch coals were considered to be the best fuel because they didn't give any smell.
When guests were done with drinking tea, they used to turn cups upside down. Tea lovers used to drink tea with a towel around their necks to wipe sweat.
What kind of tea are you into?
There were many varieties of tea: flower tea, black and green tea, long leaf, tiled and brick tea. All of these kinds are from leaves of the same tea bush. The difference is in leaf age and preparation methods. Sometimes tea was flavored with jasmine flowers. Some people preferred herbal tea.
The ways of making tea were different. For example, in Eastern Siberia people made "zaturan" adding salt, milk and flour fried in butter. In the North of Siberia "perezhar"- tea with flour fried in fish oil – was famous.
All these ways of tea drinking reflected the influence of local peoples of Siberia.
In 1869 the Suez Canal was built. Delivering tea to Europe and the European part of Russia became more convenient. Turnover started to decrease. In the late 1890s, the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway was completed, and the main cargo flow went along it. Tea started to be delivered not through Mongolia but Vladivostok. After the revolution of 1917 wealthy people had to escape from Kyakhta to other countries. Kyakhta lost its former greatness and prosperity.
Although tea drinking traditions have changed and electric kettles replaced samovars, we still enjoy drinking tea in Siberia. And we always have "something for tea" in our shopping lists.
By the way, there is a very nice Museum of Tea in Irkutsk. If you are interested in tea history of Siberia, our guides will take you there.
Written by Marina, local guide
Click here to learn more about irkutsk Irkutsk
Click here to learn more about russian history Russian history
Click here to learn more about samovar Samovar
Click here to learn more about siberia Siberia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


1. For the cake: Preheat the oven to 175°C. Line two 9-inch round cake pans with parchment and lightly coat with cooking spray.
2. Spread the pecans on a rimmed baking sheet and toast until light brown and fragrant, 7 minutes. Set aside 12 pecan halves to decorate the finished cake; chop the remaining pecans. Set aside 1 cup of the chopped pecans to use in the batter; reserve the rest for decorating the finished cake.
3. Whisk together the flour, baking powder, cinnamon, nutmeg and 1 teaspoon salt in a medium bowl.
4. Whisk together the eggs and granulated sugar in a large bowl until smooth, about 1 minute. Whisk in the oil until well combined. Add the grated carrots, vanilla and 1 cup chopped pecans, and mix well. Add the dry ingredients, and stir until just combined. Divide the batter evenly between the prepared pans.
5. Bake until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean and the cakes are nicely browned, about 30 minutes. Let cool on a cooling rack for 10 minutes. Loosen the edges with a spatula, turn the cakes out and let cool completely, right-side up, on the cooling rack, about 2 hours. Remove the parchment before frosting.
6. For the frosting: Beat the cream cheese and butter in the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, scraping down the side as necessary, until smooth, about 2 minutes. Add the icing sugar, vanilla and 1/2 teaspoon salt; gradually increase the mixer speed to medium-high, and beat until the sugar is incorporated and the frosting is fluffy and smooth, about 3 minutes. With the mixer on medium-high, add the cream a few drops at time until it's all incorporated. Continue beating for 1 more minute until the frosting is slightly lighter in color and creamy.
7. To assemble: Place one of the cake layers on a serving plate, and spread 1 cup of the frosting over the top. Top with the other layer, and use the remaining frosting to frost the top and sides of the cake. Arrange the 12 whole pecans on top of the cake like the numbers on a clock face, and sprinkle the remaining chopped pecans in between.


The 4-star Hotel Alyeska offers more luxury and amenities than any other hotel in Alaska.
When we can't fly, the tram and terrain at Alyeska are a spectacular alternative!
Your accommodations at the Hotel Alyeska will be as comfortable as they are luxurious. Nothing ensures that your next day of skiing will be even better like a great night's sleep.
We strongly recommend that all of our guests stay with our lodging and hospitality partner, Alyeska Resort. The Hotel Alyeska sits at the base of Alyeska Tram and is less than one mile from our Girdwood base of operations. With 4-star luxury, numerous amenities, and several dining options, The Hotel Alyeska is a fantastic experience on its own. What's more, when the weather doesn't permit flying, you have an entire high-quality resort to ski world-class terrain, work-out, get a spa treatment, relax in the saltwater pool, or relax by the fire with your favorite book and beverage.


text:
JAMA Ophthalmology
Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
The History of Ophthalmology, vol 6: The First Half of the Nineteenth Century
Daniel M. Albert, MD
Arch Ophthalmol. 1986;104(12):1762-1763. doi:10.1001/archopht.1986.01050240036032
This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.
With the appearance of this sixth volume of the projected eleven-volume English translation of Hirschberg's Geschicte der Augenheilkunde, the halfway point has been passed in the publication of this series. The present volume continues with the history of German ophthalmology in the first half of the 19th century. Discussion of this topic began midway through the fifth volume with sections on ophthalmology at the Universities of Göttingen and Berlin.
At the conclusion of the sixth volume, Hirschberg writes: This covers the activities of the German ophthalmologists between 1800 and 1850. I have tried to be as complete and as precise as possible. This may have appeared to be sometimes too extensive, but we cannot shy away from the obligation to be as equitable and as just as possible.
Hirschberg's concept of "completeness" and "precision" exceeds that of any current medical historians. To most modern readers, the profusion of facts, dates,
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Albert DM. The History of Ophthalmology, vol 6: The First Half of the Nineteenth Century. Arch Ophthalmol. 1986;104(12):1762–1763. doi:10.1001/archopht.1986.01050240036032
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Why do people sometimes call a Humanist funeral "Celebrating a Life"?
A Humanist funeral focuses on celebrating the life of the person who has died, while also expressing the sadness of losing a loved one.
Humanist funerals are becoming more and more popular as people who live their lives without religion choose this option to celebrate the life of a loved one in a very personal way.
Humanist funerals can be held in any suitable venue. Often they are held in a "chapel" at a crematorium, at the funeral director's premises, or at the graveside. Humanist funerals may also be held in a local sports or community hall or perhaps at a hotel. Your funeral director should be able to advise you about suitable venues in your locality.
If the person is being buried, it is quite usual to have the ceremony at one location and then to have a few final words spoken at the graveside.
What's the format of a Humanist funeral?
Generally the ceremony will open with music and the family will enter – with the coffin if appropriate. Then I will welcome people and say the opening words, after which there will likely be contributions from family members or close friends. The family will usually choose suitable readings and music and other elements – for example placing flowers or mementos. I will bring the ceremony to a close with some final words and typically there will be music to conclude / while people exit.
Does a Humanist funeral have to take place at a particular time?
You can arrange a Humanist funeral for any time of day, subject to availability of your funeral director, your venue and your celebrant. Crematorium chapels can be busier in the morning with families coming from church funerals, so it is often best to arrange a Humanist funeral for the afternoon.
How long does a Humanist funeral take?
That depends on the family and how much you want to include. Generally speaking I'd advise allowing 40 minutes or longer depending on contributions. This includes time for mourners to enter and to exit.
Who can have a Humanist funeral?
Anyone can have a Humanist funeral. If you want to have a Humanist funeral yourself, make sure that you make your wishes known to the people who will be making the arrangements. It's a good idea to put your wishes in writing.
What happens if the venue where we want to have the funeral ceremony can't accommodate a coffin?
You can, if you wish, arrange to have the cremation in advance – and then have the urn with ashes at the funeral ceremony a few days later. It's also possible to have a private burial and then have the funeral ceremony later in the day.
Do people have refreshments or a meal after a Humanist funeral the way they do after church funerals?
Yes, absolutely. I can include an invitation to mourners from the family in my closing words if you wish.
How do I arrange a Humanist funeral for a loved one?
Many funeral directors are now familiar with Humanist funerals, and will be able to help you with the arrangements and contact a celebrant on your behalf. Or you can contact me directly on 087 64 66 162 or siobhan@siobhanwalls.com.
Once I have been contacted and have confirmed I am available to conduct a funeral ceremony, I will get in touch with next of kin and arrange to come and meet with the family. If it is not possible to meet in person, we can talk by phone or Skype.
I will work with the family to compose a ceremony that is personal and meaningful. I will ask them to tell me a little about their loved one who has died. We will also discuss what they'd like to do in terms of music, who's going to speak, would anyone like to read a poem, etc. After the meeting I will follow up by email / phone with a running order for the ceremony and over the following couple of days before the funeral I will finalise the ceremony with the family.
Have you done any training to become a funeral celebrant?
I have been trained and accredited by the Humanist Association of Ireland and have been working full time as a celebrant since 2015. I aim to be sympathetic and understanding with a professional focus on providing a funeral ceremony that will be the most appropriate for the circumstances.


While agricultural hemp plants are rich in phytocannabinoids, including cannabidiol (CBD), there are many other phytonutrients that the plant offers as well. These nutrients include fatty acids, plant sterols, chlorophyll, terpenes, and naturally-occurring vitamin E, just to name a few. When hemp is extracted, many phytonutrients come along with it, making what is referred to as a "whole plant" or "full spectrum" hemp extract.
These nutrients and other naturally-occurring hemp constituents provide broad spectrum of nutrition that goes far beyond just hemp CBD oil. Join the PlusCBD Oil™ team and discover how all the components of full spectrum hemp extracts work together to maintain balance in the Endocannabinoid System!
This video was paid for and provided by CV Sciences.


We have collected the most useful information about Spain for you to access here. Facts about Spain that you might not have known, travel tips and information and maps of Spain.
The latest news headlines about Spain, collected from around the world.
Each day we provide a sumamry of the days news in Spain.
Every region of Spain has it's own flag. You can see the connections between the regions running through the designs of the flag.
The Spanish Postal Service has over 6,000 offices all over the country, including small villages, railway stations, ports and airports. They provide a wide range of modern and efficient services.
Throughout this guide we have maps of the regions of Spain, and of Cities throughout Spain. Here is a map of the whole of Spain.
Whether you are travelling by road, rail, air or sea there may be differences to travelling in your own country that you should be aware of.
Information for emergencies in Spain.
For advice on visiting Spain, you should check with your own countries tourist office. They will be able to advise on the correct visa requirements etc.
Some tips on how to adjust to the Spanish way of life.
The time in Spain is officially GMT +1:00 and +2:00 during the summer, along with most of mainland europe. However, the hours that are lived in Spain are very different to that of the rest of Europe. For visitors it can take a bit of getting used to.
There are no special norms in Spain with respect to dress, but the warm climate dictates that you should be practical about the clothes you choose to wear.


text:
Густав Леикеп (; 19 августа 1966, Будапешт) — венгерский гребец-каноист, выступал за сборную Венгрии в конце 1980-х — начале 1990-х годов. Участник летних Олимпийских игр в Сеуле, трижды серебряный призёр чемпионатов мира, победитель многих регат национального и международного значения.

Биография
Густав Леикеп родился 19 августа 1966 года в Будапеште. Активно заниматься греблей начал в раннем детстве, проходил подготовку в столичном спортивном клубе «Уйпешти».

Первого серьёзного успеха на взрослом международном уровне добился в 1988 году, когда попал в основной состав венгерской национальной сборной и благодаря череде удачных выступлений удостоился права защищать честь страны на летних Олимпийских играх 1988 года в Сеуле — стартовал вместе с напарником Габором Такачем в двойках на дистанции 1000 метров, сумел дойти до финальной стадии, однако в решающем заезде показал лишь седьмой результат.

В 1989 году Леикеп побывал на чемпионате мира в болгарском Пловдиве, откуда привёз награду серебряного достоинства, выигранную в зачёте четырёхместных каноэ на тысяче метрах, проиграв в финале экипажу из СССР. Год спустя выступил на мировом первенстве в польской Познани, где стал серебряным призёром сразу в двух дисциплинах, в четвёрках на километровой и полукилометровой дистанциях — в обоих случаях его обошли команды из Советского Союза. Вскоре по окончании этих соревнований принял решение завершить карьеру профессионального спортсмена, уступив место в сборной молодым венгерским гребцам.

Ссылки

 Густав Леикеп — медали на крупнейших международных соревнованиях
 Списки чемпионов и призёров по гребле на байдарках и каноэ (1936—2007)

Гребцы на байдарках и каноэ Венгрии
Гребцы на байдарках и каноэ на летних Олимпийских играх 1988 года


text:
Tetris: States of the United States
Tetris Game
Tetris: states of the united states game
Tetris is a game in which different pieces that have to put into the correct place in this game of American regions is the union of the classic game Tetris and your knowledge of United States geography. You can move the regions with the arrow keys and the spacebar to rotate. You have 3 levels of difficulty. You have to place each of the states forming the United States in their proper place so that all fit and complete map of the country.
This game has been played 10464 times online. Ranking 2137 of the best free games.
Rating based on 156 opinions of the users
Geography game in which you have to place the various maps of the United States in the blank map. The goal is to complete the map of the country with all States in their proper place. Like the game of Tetris in which the tabs have to fit without gaps, here you have to do the same with elements of American map. You know well that the United States and the states that form to finish this game of intelligence and culture.
What is this game about? This is a free game called Tetris: States of the United States for your browser without having to download or install anything, it is completely reliable. On this website you will be able to play for free this Tetris flash game called Tetris: States of the United States. And remember this is a free game called Tetris: States of the United States and it is related to Tetris. Our new game Tetris: States of the United States is one of the best games of Tetris you can find and you can share it with your friends and contacts on the social networks. This is an online game and video game called Tetris: States of the United States that we invite you to play, enjoy and learn about it as well as to share in the comments and with your friends on the social networks.
Tetris most played games
Jewel tetris
Tetris with a twist! Match the gems in the blocks so as to create groups of 3 or more of the same color in order for them to disappear and clear the game area! Instructions: use the left and right arrow keys to place blocks, and the up arrow key to spin them.
Tetriz
Classic Tetris game in a simpler version. The object of the game is to manipulate the shapes, moving chips and turning with the arrow keys. The objective of the game is to form a horizontal line with no gaps. When a horizontal line is completed, that line disappears and all the pieces that are above down a position, freeing up space game and thus making it easier to place new pieces. The pieces are falling steadily accelerates the longer you have been playing. The game ends when the pieces are p ...
Startris
Startris is unique variation of the most classic of all puzzle games. The aim is to rotate and place the falling blocks to make complete rows to clear them away and avoid that the game field fills up. If you create a row that contains stars these will be collected. Rotate and place the blocks to create complete rows that gets cleared away. Collect the enough stars before time runs out to advance to the next level. The game is played over 3 levels. If you manage to collect the needed number of ...


MONTREAL – Montreal Canadiens general manager Marc Bergevin announced Wednesday a two-year contract extension for goaltender Peter Budaj (2013-14 and 2014-15). As per club policy, financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed.
This season, Budaj played eight games with the Canadiens. In his eight NHL season, his second as a member of the Montreal Canadiens, he has a record of six wins, one loss and one overtime/shootout loss. The 30-year old netminder displays a 2.17 goals against average. Budaj blocked 187 of the 204 shots he faced so far this season for a .917 saving percentage and blanked his opponents once.
Since making his NHL debut, the 6'1'' and 195 lbs goaltender shows a record of 112 wins, 99 losses and 33 losses in overtime/shootout. Budaj totals 10 shutouts, displaying a career 2.79 goals against average and a .903 save percentage.
Budaj joined the Canadiens organization as a free agent on July 1, 2011.


text:
Chouba peut faire référence à :

 Chouba : plat traditionnel russe appelé aussi hareng en fourrure.
 Chouba (vêtement) : vêtement d'extérieur en fourrure, traditionnel en Russie.

Homonymie


We are complimentary to pronounce that we are accomplished to meet the expense of the next generation of Xerox, Canon, Toshiba, HP, rough, Kyocera, and Ricoh Color Multi-Function Copier/printers. This neighboring generation has enlarged upon the already definitely well-behaved machines and color copy feel of the previous generations. Transitioning to this series is something we're unapproachable to have enough money as we are accomplished to source utterly low metered, fully feathered and optioned models. friendly in 35, 45, and 55 per minute models, pricing on these units are definitely cost practicing as they typically cost half or less of supplementary machines and are comprehensible for FMV lease options. These are endorsed Maintained Machines. arrangement eligible and our money program is onsite and starts at $360.00 per year all-inclusive, toner included.
when the recent merging of several major players in the copier industry, many businesses are beast left to fend for themselves as soon as Multi-Function copiers/printers that are in dependence of minister to or repair and no place to direction.


text:
El Centre de Seguretat de la Informació de Catalunya (CESICAT) va ser una fundació del sector públic de l'administració de la Generalitat de Catalunya.

Va ser l'organisme executor del pla nacional d'impuls de la seguretat en les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) aprovat pel govern de la Generalitat de Catalunya el 17 de març de 2009. Aquest pla constava de quatre objectius bàsics: executar l'estratègia nacional de seguretat TIC, protegir les infraestructures TIC crítiques, promoure un teixit empresarial català en seguretat TIC i incrementar la confiança i protecció de la ciutadania.

El CESICAT estava ubicat a l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona.

El CESICAT va ser dissolt el 4 de juny de 2019 i les seves funcions van ser assumides per l'Agència de Ciberseguretat de Catalunya l'1 de gener de 2020.

Patrons de la fundació

Els patrons de la fundació van ser:
 Generalitat de Catalunya
 Departament de governació
 Secretaria de Telecomunicacions i Societat de la Informació
 Departament d'Interior
 Departament d'Innovació, Universitats i Empresa
 Centre de Telecomunicacions i Tecnologies de la Informació de la Generalitat de Catalunya
 Agència per a la Competitivitat de l'Empresa
 Consorci Administració Oberta de Catalunya
 Ajuntament de Reus
 Consell de Cambres de Comerç de Catalunya
 e-la Caixa
 Fundació Barcelona Digital
 Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Vigilància d'activistes
L'octubre de 2013 una filtració atribuïda a Anonymous va descobrir el seguiment de l'activitat política a Internet de diversos ciutadans per encàrrec dels Mossos d'Esquadra. Segons les filtracions, que constaven de 38 documents, les activitats de vigilància van incloure el monitoratge d'un fotògraf, incloent dades personals seves i una llista de clients en un informe desat a l'ordinador personal d'un dels treballadors del CESICAT. Les filtracions centraven també la seva atenció en diverses mobilitzacions socials com la commemoració del primer de maig, la campanya No vull pagar, el rebuig a la cimera del BCE a Barcelona, les cassolades contra La Caixa o la celebració del primer aniversari del 15-M.

Referències

Vegeu també
 Unitat Central de Delictes Informàtics
 Agència de Ciberseguretat de Catalunya

Enllaços externs

Organismes de la Generalitat de Catalunya
Seguretat informàtica


When you hear the words "Dutch oven," do you automatically think of campfire cooking? Many do, and when we need that kind of support out in the wilderness, it's a superb vessel for feeding the crew.
My Dutch ovens have proved to be faithful tools for simple, everyday cooking at home. A six-quart Dutch oven is a handy size for my family — just right for soups and stews, chuck roasts, pork butts, whole chickens and big, round loaves of bread.
Dutch-oven cooking is very convenient since most recipes are started on the stove top, then the pot is transferred to the oven to finish the cooking process. After a quick tidyup of the kitchen, you are left feeling good knowing dinner is cooking away.
I also appreciate the deep sides and large, flat bottom of the Dutch oven. When frying or sautéing foods, these two factors keep most of the mess and splatter contained in my pot instead of all over my cook top.
Plus, I like having the heavy lid that accompanies every Dutch oven. The lid traps heat inside, even when it's tilted a bit, and this promotes exceptional browning and flavor in every recipe we create.
That heavy lid makes a Dutch oven great for transporting food to someone who needs a meal. The lid stays put as you travel so there are no unexpected messes on the floor of your vehicle.
I'm often asked if it's safe to use a cast-iron Dutch oven when cooking on a smooth-top electric stove. Traditional cast-iron cookware (including your Dutch oven) should be reserved for use on stove tops with gas burners. An uneven surface on the bottom of the skillet can cause a heat pocket to build beneath your pot which could crack a smooth-top stove.
An enamel-coated cast-iron Dutch oven is safe for smooth-top electric stoves because of the perfectly even surface the enamel creates on the cookware exterior — no heat pockets can form beneath it to cause damage.


Ready for release on 15th August 2018, "Gold" is a historical sports drama film from Bollywood, directed by Reema Kagti and produced by Farhan Akhtar and Ritesh Sidhwani. Set in the post-independence background, the story of this Hindi film is inspired by India's very first Olympic Gold medal in hockey won on 12th August 1948 in London, while participating in the XIV Olympiad as a free and dignified nation. With Akshay Kumar playing the character of Tapan Das, a hockey coach, Gold is an inspiring story of a hockey team which fought against various odds to bring hope, pride, and dignity to the nation (India).


text:
Give Women Guns
In the case of District of Columbia v. Heller, the Supreme Court found that banning handguns is an unacceptable infringement on our Second Amendment right as individuals to keep and bear arms. Whatever you think of the decision, it's clear that the debate over gun rights has changed forever. There aren't..
Reihan Salam
In the case of District of Columbia v. Heller, the Supreme Court found that banning handguns is an unacceptable infringement on our Second Amendment right as individuals to keep and bear arms. Whatever you think of the decision, it's clear that the debate over gun rights has changed forever. There aren't quite enough privately owned firearms in the United States for every man, woman, and child, but there are almost enough-an estimated 280 million guns. And you can't throw guns in a landfill: unlike your iPod, these deadly devices are built to last. Getting rid of guns is a fantasy, and even the most ardent gun controllers know it. So instead, the gun control movement is scaling back its ambitions by, for example, focusing on gun trafficking and tightening restrictions on who can buy guns. The idea is to reliably guarantee that criminals and crazy people have a hard time getting their hands on dangerous weapons, which is fair enough.But if we accept that we're going to live in an armed society, we should be sure that there are guns in the right hands-in women's hands. The gun rights crowd has long proclaimed that "guns don't kill people, people kill people." Which is a partial truth. It is male people who kill people, and who also assault and maim and rob people. That's not to say that women don't kill, or that women are incapable of killing. But we know that females are far less likely to resort to violence than males, and we know that's true for other species, as well.
We should be sure that there are guns in the right hands-in women's hands.
Take chimpanzees and bonobos. Chimp societies are male dominated, hierarchical, and defined by violence. Bonobos are defined by high levels of social cooperation, egalitarianism, and strong female leadership. When we think of bonobos, we generally think of their pansexual, polymorphously perverse lifestyles, which certainly help mitigate conflict. Yet the relative strength of bonobo females is perhaps more important in explaining why bonobo societies are, as a general rule, so much healthier than their chimpanzee counterparts. Bonobo females form tight bonds with each other, which allow them to resist and even dominate their less sociable male counterparts. Any violence against bonobo females is met by a stinging counterattack.There is a lesson here for humans. If more women were armed, and if men were legally forbidden from packing heat, thus tipping the relative strength imbalance, we'd live in a far safer world.In Bare Branches, Valerie M. Hudson and Andrea M. den Boer, who together studied how emerging gender imbalances in Asia will shape the future security environment, argue that so-called "surplus males"-the product of the preference for boys in many traditional societies-tend to be even more violent than men in general, and that societies with a large number of surplus males are more inclined toward aggressive behavior. Arming women could help keep these tendencies in check.To be sure, this proposal would be unconstitutional and would probably strike most politicians as utterly insane. The idea of treating women and men differently offends our understanding of gender equality at a deep level. But treating women and men as though they are identical-as though women are as violent, dangerous, and abusive as men-isn't treating them equally. Rather, it is pretending that ignoring their deep differences is the best policy, even if that means that people will die or suffer as a direct result.Basing policy on enduring differences between women and men has applications far beyond fighting crime. Earlier this year, the economists Alberto Alesina, Andrea Ichino, and Loukas Karabarbounis suggested that women ought to be taxed less than men, to induce them to supply more labor. Because of entrenched gender norms, women tend to take on the bulk of household duties, whether they find them fulfilling or not. Men, in contrast, have been socialized into putting their careers first. By easing the tax burden on women, you could, in theory, counteract these powerful biases that work against women's interests. The end result just might be a world in which women's life horizons really are the same as men's.Salam is an associate editor at The Atlantic. He is the author, with Ross Douthat, of Grand New Party.Portrait by Forrest Martin


Carlos Hernandez, Jr., 21, center, and Maia Herman-Kitami, 18, right, were reported missing by family.
Update: Carlos Hernandez, Jr., 21, or Maia Herman-Kitami, 18, were located "safe and well" inside their vehicle at 4:30 p.m. on Monday, the Glenn County Sheriff's Office said. The couple were located on County Road 312 in an area known as Oceanside. According to authorities, Hernandez's Jeep had gotten stuck in the snow. The couple are heading home.
Authorities are searching for a young couple from San Francisco who were reported missing after not returning from a camping trip in Mendocino.
Helicopters combed the snow-laden Mendocino National Forest Monday, but did not find a sign of Carlos Hernandez, Jr., 21, or Maia Herman-Kitami, 18, who planned to go off-roading in Hernandez' Jeep and camp at Alder Springs between Jan. 30 and Feb. 1, Action News Now reported.
Hernandez and his father had reportedly visited the area multiple times and had mapped out coordinates for the trip.
The couple was reported missing on Saturday night when they did not return as planned and family members could not get into contact with them, the Mendocino County Sheriff's Department said.
Over the weekend, a snowstorm barreled through the area, raising concerns the couple was trapped in the snow. Hernandez's sister, Fabi Hernandez, said in a Facebook post she believed they had enough equipment to stay warm, but feared they lacked enough food to get them through the weekend.
The last known contact with family members was a text on Jan. 30 saying the couple were losing service but would text when they arrived at their campground, ABC7 reported. Officials told Action News that they tried to track the couple's phones, but they are either out-of-service or switched off.
Search-and-rescue efforts began Sunday morning and continued into Monday.
Anyone with information about the couple's whereabouts should contact the Glenn County Sheriff's office at 530-934-6441.


text:
<tool id="svm_rank.learn" name="SVM Rank Learn" version="1.0.0">
    <description>Train a model to use with the SVM Rank Classify tool.</description>
    <command>svm_rank_learn -c $c $input $output</command>
    <inputs>
        <param name="input" type="data" format="txt" label="Training data"/>
        <param name="c" type="float" value="0.01" label="Trade off [-c]"/>
        <param name="p" label="L-norm [-p]" type="select">
            <option value="1" selected="true">L1-norm</option>
            <option value="2">squared slacks</option>
        </param>
        <param name="o" type="select" label="Rescaling method [-o]">
            <option value="1" selected="true">slack</option>
            <option value="2">margin</option>
        </param>
        <section name="kernel" title="Kernel Options" expanded="false">
            <param name="t" type="select" label="Kernel function [-t]">
                <option value="0" selected="true">linear</option>
                <option value="1">polynomial (s a*b+c)^d</option>
                <option value="2">radial basis function exp(-gamma ||a-b||^2)</option>
                <option value="3">sigmoid tanh(s a*b + c)</option>
            </param>
            <param name="d" type="integer" value="2" label="d parameter in polynomial [-d]"/>
            <param name="g" type="float" value="1" label="gamma in rbf [-g]"/>
            <param name="s" type="float" value="1" label="s in sigmoid/poly [-s]"/>
            <param name="r" type="float" value="1" label="c in sigmoid/poly [-r]"/>
        </section>
    </inputs>
    <outputs>
        <data name="output" format="txt" label="Model"/>
    </outputs>
    <citations>
        <citation type="bibtex">@ARTICLE{ref1,
            author = {T. Joachims},
            title = {Learning to Align Sequences: A Maximum Margin Aproach.},
            journal = {Technical Report},
            year = {2003},
            volume = {8},
            pages = {1519-1555}
            }
        </citation>
        <citation type="bibtex">@ARTICLE{ref1\2,
            author = {I. Tsochantaridis, T. Joachims, T. Hofmann, and Y. Altun},
            title = {Large Margin Methods for Structured and Interdependent Output Variables},
            journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR)},
            year = {2005},
            volume = {6},
            pages = {1453-1484}
            }
        </citation>
    </citations>
    <help>A test component</help>
</tool>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


LaTocha Scott of the rnb group Xscape has been rolling out her "TochMobThursday" series giving us a new song each week, and the latest offering is the duet "Here We Go Again" with her sister Tamika. The sisters show off their beautiful vocals as they go back and forth on the track, testifying to the ups and downs experienced in relationships.
Following the disbanding of the Jermaine Dupri formed group Xscape, LaTocha has been pursuing a music career as a solo artist, and appeared on Season 2 of R&B Divas. She's currently working on a new solo album called "TNTB" which should see a release in the coming year.


text:
Sine-Saloum je prirodna regija. Prostire se na sjeveru Gambije i jugu Petite-Côte u Senegalu. Površine je 180.000 hektara. U ovoj se regiji nalazi Nacionalni park Delta rijeke Saloum.

Deltu tvore sutoka dviju rijeka, Sine i Salouma koje se potom ulijevaju u Atlantski ocean. Zbog slabog strujanja vode tih dviju rijeka, morska slanost prodire duboko u unutrašnjost.

U davnoj prošlosti sererska kraljevstva Sine (glavni gradovi Diakhao, Mbissel) i Salouma (glavni grad Kahone) bili su rivali. Od 1984. ovdje su formirane dvije upravne regije, Kaolack i Fatick.

Bibliografija
 (eng.) M. Klein, Islam and Imperialism in Senegal. Sine-Saloum, 1847-1914, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1968, 285 p.
 (fra.) Mohamed Mbodj, Un exemple d'économie coloniale, le Sine-Saloum (Sénégal), de 1887 à 1940. Cultures arachidières et mutations sociales, Paris, Université de Paris VII, 1978, 2 vol., 691 + 50 p. (Thèse de 3e cycle)
 (fra.) Frans J. Schepers (et al.), Oiseaux d'eau dans le Delta du Sine-Saloum et la Petite Côte, Sénégal, rapport WIWO, janvier 1997, publié à Dakar en 1998, 240 p.

Zemljopis Gambije
Zemljopis Senegala


Today, V2R - Vision to Reality, released as first the long awaiting picture application, which notifies incoming calls with a photo of the caller instead of the boring standard handset icon.
Caller2Picture is the first application for the Smartphone, which was finally released and can be seen as the original for Windows Powered devices. Already in fall last year, V2R released C2P for Pocket PC Phone Edition devices.
Contact Name: The contact which should be configured.
Phone Number: The phone number or numbers which should be assigned with the picture and ringtone.
Ringtone: Defines with which ringtone the incoming call will be notified.
Picture: Defines which picture should appear for the configured contact name.
Picture Folder: This defines where your pictures are stored to be used by Caller2Picture. This can include the following locations: "IPSMProgram FilesV2R Caller2PicturePictures", "IPSMMy Documents" or "Storage Card".
Place your pictures in one or more of the above folders to be recognized and used by Caller2Picture. Please note that your SD card has to be plugged into the device, if you decide to store your pictures on the Storage Card.
Ringtone Folder: This defines where your ringtones (MIDI or WAV files) are stored to be used by Caller2Picture. This can include the following locations: "Windows", "IPSMMy DocumentsMy Sounds" or "Storage Card". Please note that you can place new ringtones in "My Sounds" and "Storage Card" only and that your SD card has to be plugged into the device, if you decide to store your ringtones on the Storage Card.
Show All: Shows you all current configured contacts which you can re-edit from here.
Preview: Lets you preview and prelisten your current currently configured contact.
Quit C2P: This quits the Caller2Picture editor but will not stop Caller2Picture from showing you incoming call with the assigned picture and ringtone.
You can use GIF, JPG and BMP images.
Caller2Picture is available as 15 days trial version which is limited to assign 3 contacts. The full version costs $14.95 and is available from Smartphone.net.
Please note that version 1.0 doesn't include a Orange certification which means it works with uncertified devices only!


text:
The BC Lions Alumni Association is comprised of former Lions players, including members of the club's original 1954 team all the way to present day Leos and also includes former coaches and staff.
It was founded in 1985 by a small group of passionate alumni and our membership has constantly grown providing an avenue for all alumni to keep connected.
The mandate of the BC Lions Alumni Association is to promote worthwhile causes in British Columbia, assist in the development of BC amateur football, and preserve and enhance the heritage of the BC Lions and the Canadian Football League.
The BC Lions Alumni Association proudly hosts the Creighton O'Malley BC Lions Alumni Golf Tournament each spring in support of the BC Lions Foundation which provides funds to amateur sports in British Columbia and less fortunate families.


text:
Robin Rönnlund () is a Swedish archaeologist of the University of Thessaly and Swedish Institute at Athens, known for his work in and on Ancient Thessaly.

Education and career
Rönnlund received his Bachelor's and master's degrees in Classical Archaeology and Ancient History at Stockholm University, before continuing to complete a PhD in the same subject at the University of Gothenburg. The topic of his doctoral thesis was Greek akropoleis and their function and symbolic meaning in ancient society. Rönnlund is currently the Wenner-Gren fellow at the department of History, Archaeology and Social Anthropology at the University of Thessaly, researching cyclic urbanism in the ancient Greek world.

Having led the work in the field since 2016, Rönnlund took over the role of director for the Swedish side of the Greek-Swedish survey of the archaeological site at Thessalian Vlochos from Helene Whittaker of the University of Gothenburg. The work, which is a collaboration with the Ephorate of Antiquities of Karditsa, focusses on mapping and understanding the complex series of discrete urban remains at the site, how and when they were established and why they were so completely abandoned.

Selected publications

R. Rönnlund (2018), A city on a hill cannot be hidden: Function and symbolism of ancient Greek akropoleis. PhD thesis.
R. Rönnlund (2015), 'All that we see or seem: Space, memory and Greek akropoleis''', Archaeological Review from Cambridge'', pp. 37–43.

References

Living people
1985 births
Swedish archaeologists
Stockholm University alumni
University of Gothenburg alumni
People from Solna Municipality


Copied from "The Code Official" July/August 2000 BOCA International, Inc.
The above alarms may fail to alarm when smoke or fire is present. A capacitor in the alarm may malfunction causing the release of smoke and melting of the cover. Universal Security Instruments, Inc., has received three reports of alarms failing and the release of smoke.
The alarms are made of white plastic and consumers can identify the recalled models by removing the alarm cover from its base and checking the model number and four-letter date code on the back of the alarm. Some alarms do not have the brand name printed on the unit. The alarms were sold nationwide from April 1998 through June 1999 for $10 to $15. Many were pre-installed during construction.
Consumers should call Universal Security Instruments, Inc., at (800)390-4321 for a free replacement alarm.
Consumer & Industry Services, State of Michigan web site.
In cooperation with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Kidde Safety of Mebane, N.C. is voluntarily recalling about 1 miLLion carbon monoxide alarms, including 650,000 Nighthawks and 350,000 Lifesavers. The Lifesaver models could alarm late or not alarm at all, and the Nighthawk models could alarm late. These alarms are used to detect carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, odorless gas. leaking from fuel burning appliances. When they don't work, consumers can be unknowingly exposed to hazardous levels of CO and suffer injury or death.
Kidde Safety and CPSC are not aware of any injuries involving these products. This recall is being conducted to prevent the possibility of injury.
The Nighthawk models included in this recall are all models manufactured between November 8, 1998 and March 9 1999. The manufacturing date is on the back of the unit as year, month, day. ''NIGHTHAWK'' and ''Carbon Monoxide Alarm'' are written on the front of the unit. If ''Carbon Monoxide Detector" is written on the front, the unit is operating properly and is not part of the recall.
The Lifesaver models included in this recall arc models 9CO-1 and 9C0- I C manufactured between June 1,. 1997 and January 31, 1998. The manufacturing date is on the back of the unit as the first six numbers in the serial number, located above the U PC code. The manufacturing date is written as day, month, year. ''LIFESAVER'' and ''Carbon Monoxide Detector'' are written on the front of the unit. Kidde Safety' will help consumers identify whether their units are involved in this recall.
Consumers can participate in the recall in one of two direct ways. Visit the Kidde Safety recall Web site at www.nhawk.com and follow the instructions, or call Kidde Safety toll-flee at 888-543-3346 between 8 am. and 8 p.m. EST Monday through Sunday to identify whether their alarms are involved in this recall. If so, consumers will he sent a postage-paid envelope to return the alarm. Lifesaver models will he repaired, and Nighthawk models will he inspected and tested and repaired if needed.
Kidde Safety has informed CPSC that consumers will receive alarms hack within 30 days. All returned alarms will be recertified to UL-2034 .
Hardware and mass merchandise stores nationwide sold these alarms beginning in 1998 form about $20 to $50. Consumers should not return the alarms to stores.
The initial symptoms of CO poisoning are similar to flu and include headache, fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea and dizziness. Exposure to high levels of CO can cause death. CO poisoning associated with using fuel-burning appliances kills more than 200 people each year and sends about 10,000 to hospital emergency.


text:
Farmer George Plants a Nation
By Peggy Thomas
Read by Richard Poe
Peggy Thomas Recorded Books, Inc.
Publisher: Recorded Books, Inc. Publisher: Recorded Books, Inc. Publisher: Recorded Books, Inc.
George Washington as he's rarely seen. Besides being a general and the first president of the United States, George Washington was also a farmer. His efforts to create a self-sufficient farm at Mount Vernon, Virginia, mirrored his struggle to form a new nation. Excerpts from Washington's writings are featured throughout the book, which also includes a timeline, resource section, as well as essays on Washington at Mount Vernon and his thoughts on slavery. Both illustrator and author worked closely with the staff of Mount Vernon Estate & Gardens to render an accurate portrait of Farmer George at work.
Author Bio: Peggy Thomas
Peggy Thomas is the author of more than fifteen books for children and teens, both fiction and nonfiction. She learned the art of children's writing by watching her mother Margery Facklam, author of more than forty books. When she is not writing or researching a book, she visits schools to talk to kids about books and writing.


Gillette Stadium has been at the center of iconic photographs throughout Patriots history. For a Patriots fan, it is holy ground.
So as Texas teenager Katie Jailliet (pronounced the same way as the stadium) thought about where she wanted to take her high school senior pictures, there was one place that made perfect sense.
After a day of training camp, Katie, who is from Austin, posed for her senior photos in a Tom Brady jersey at the home stadium of her favorite team.
Though it was her first time at Gillette Stadium, Katie knew it would be one of the "happiest places" she could have thought of for this moment. And one of the most meaningful.
She is a dedicated sports fan, something she and her father bonded over. In 2011, her father was diagnosed with ALS. Katie and her dad would watch games together, and as the Patriots kicked off the 2014 season, he told her he had a feeling this team would go all the way.
Of course, they did, but her father didn't get to see it. He passed away in December 2014.
"When the Patriots won, it was like my dad showing through," Katie said.
As she smiled and struck poses all over Gillette Stadium, preparing for a major milestone in her life, Katie said she knew her dad was shining through again.


text:
EDUCATION: Same issue, different views
| December 22, 2010 9:00 PM
I just read Mike Ruskovich's Dec. 11 "My Turn" column. He and I have two points of agreement: Our First Amendment rights (all of them) are important, and education is valuable (both to individuals and "The stability of a republican form of government...").
However, I have a few comments and questions: First - He asserts that electoral support for candidates who favored a cut in state education funding (along with many other program cuts he didn't mention) equals a "disregard for education." This is clearly not a "published fact" as he later claims. Obviously it is his opinion and is therefore influenced by his "ideological and political leanings." There is nothing wrong with that, it's normal. But when other people form opinions in that context he believes it's wrong?!
Second - Perhaps he is wrong. It may be that his critics are not demonstrating a disregard for education in general. They may be expressing dissatisfaction with the mish-mash of political correctness, the wonders of diversity, the evils of capitalism, the greatness of socialism, the unquestionable truth of anthropogenic global warming and nonjudgmentalism that constitutes a significant part of public education today? I don't know, but that possibility makes at least as much sense as his unsupported conclusion.
Third - Ruskovich states, without factual support, (again) that money is important in education, and (by in context logical extension) that more money means better education. On that point he is either ignorant of the facts or is lying! Statistics compiled by the U.S. Department of Education (www.nces.ed.gov) show that during the 30-year period from 1971 to 2001 per-pupil annual spending increased from $4,479 to $8,996 (just over 100 percent). During that same period NAEP reading scores for 17-year-olds were unchanged! Math scores did improve, by about one percent! These figures are national averages, and, yes, the dollar amounts are inflation adjusted, (i.e. constant dollars).
The quality of public education is influenced by many things, but throwing additional money at schools is not the way to improve it. Does Mr. Ruskovich and/or his family work in the public education system? I don't know, I'm just asking the question. But his columns do sound a bit like the reaction of someone whose personal ox has been gored.
LARRY L. MORRISON


The Dean's Forum on Dispute Resolution and Access to Justice (the Dean's Forum) was a joint initiative created in 2013 between the then Dean of the College of Law and Deputy Minister of Justice in response to national calls to action to improve access to justice across Canada. The Dean's Forum engages justice community stakeholders in Saskatchewan in a dialogue about access to justice and the future of the legal system. A law school course associated with the Dean's Forum was created in 2014, unique to the University of Saskatchewan's College of Law, which offers upper-year law students a rare experiential learning opportunity to develop justice policy alongside leading members of the legal profession. Hired in October 2015 as the Access to Justice Coordinator, I have a mandate to lead law students through the Dean's Forum course; to collaborate with justice system stakeholders to implement recommendations, as appropriate, from Dean's Forum meetings; and to coordinate the new Saskatchewan Access to Justice Working Group. An annual meeting of the Dean's Forum has been held since 2013.
The calls to action to improve access to justice – most notably in Access to Civil and Family Justice: A Roadmap for Change (2013) (A Roadmap for Change), by the National Action Committee on Access to Justice in Civil and Family Matters, led by Justice Cromwell of the Supreme Court of Canada; and in the Reaching Equal Justice Report (2013) (Reaching Equal Justice), by the Canadian Bar Association – highlight the disproportionate amount of unmet legal needs in Canada. Specifically, the National Action Committee reported in A Roadmap for Change that in Canada, more than 20% of the public does not take action with respect to their legal problems, and that more than 65% think that nothing can be done – i.e. the public is "uncertain about their rights, do not know what to do, think it will take too much time, cost too much money or are simply afraid" (A Roadmap for Change at 4). Chief Justice McLachlin has further highlighted that the amount of unmet legal needs in Canada has become vast and commonplace, noting that, "Among the hardest hit are the middle class. They earn too much to qualify for legal aid, but frequently not enough to retain a lawyer for a matter of any complexity or length" (ibid at 29). The disproportionate amount of unmet legal needs creates an opportunity to introduce creative solutions. For example, both national reports state that services performed by non-lawyer legal service providers should be considered and developed as a way to improve access to justice (see e.g. ibid at 14 and Reaching Equal Justice at 95).
Ideas were identified that could increase affordability of services for the public through use of non-lawyer legal service providers.
The participants at the meeting of the Dean's Forum were mostly supportive of the development of alternative modes of service delivery through introducing non-lawyer legal service providers into the Saskatchewan market, with consideration of the "themes" identified above. Representatives from the Law Society and Ministry of Justice indicated they would support the ongoing consultation of the non-lawyer legal service provider initiative – and since the meeting, they have done just that, to bring the initiative to the current consultation stage.
As previously blogged about on Legal Sourcery and reported on in the Regina Leader Post, the Law Society and Ministry of Justice have released a consultation paper, and conducted surveys for (i) legal service providers; and (ii) members of the public, to help determine whether there is a need to expand the scope of non-lawyer legal service providers. As the consultation paper attests, the delivery of legal services by non-lawyers is not a new idea, but one that is currently being considered across and beyond North American jurisdictions, and has already been implemented in jurisdictions such as British Columbia and Ontario. The Law Society and Ministry of Justice have indicated that despite the existence of non-lawyer legal service providers in other jurisdictions, they have no preconceived ideas about the initiative. The next steps will be considered after the survey results have been reviewed.
The non-lawyer legal service provider topic is just one example of how the Dean's Forum initiative has provided a space for discussing justice system reform aimed at improving accessibility for Saskatchewan residents, supported by law student research that can have significant impact. For more information about the Dean's Forum or the Saskatchewan Access to Justice Working Group, please contact me at b.lowenberger@usask.ca.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype achieved in 2011 was built for several purposes. One of them is to show that highly granular gaseous calorimeters can provide a powerful tool  to measure hadrons energy and to apply the Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA). First studies using Hough transform method tends to confirm that the tracking capability of such detectors will be a useful tool for the PFA and for the estimation of the detector behaviour $\it{in\ situ}$ \cite{houghNote}. Another motivation for the SDHCAL was to build a detector compatible with the futur linear collider requirements in terms of efficiency, low power consumption and compactness. Imaging calorimeters could also bring interesting tools for the hadronic shower models study.
In the first section of this paper, a brief description of the SDHCAL prototype and the experimental set-up during test beams will be presented. Then, in section \ref{sec:building-perf}, the event building procedure and detector behaviour will be discussed. Hadronic energy resolution and the different methods to obtain it, will be discussed in the last section.

\subsection{The SDHCAL prototype}
\label{sec:intro-proto}
The SDHCAL prototype is a sampling calorimeter made of 48 active layers. Each layer is a 1 $m^2$ Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). The cathode and the anode are glass plates with a thickness of 1.1 mm and 0.7 mm respectively. The gas gap between the two electrodes is 1.2 mm. 9216 pads of 1 $cm^2$ each compose the readout of one chamber. So, the number of electronic channels for the whole prototype is 442368. Readout signal from those pads is then digitzed and recorded in 2-bit format within HARDROC2 ASIC \cite{asic} located on the other face of the electronic board. Each chamber contains 144 ASICs read out by 3 Detector InterFace (DIF) cards. The aim of the thresholds is to have additionnal information about the number of charged particles which cross the pad. This will allow to reduce the saturation effect on the energy resolution at high energy. Chamber with its electronic board is put in a stainless steel cassette of 2.5 mm thickness per side. A cross section of one detector is shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.cassette}.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.8\textwidth]{GRPC-K7.png}
    \caption{Schematic Glass Resistive Plate Chamber (GRPC) cross section.}
    \label{figs.cassette}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
The cassettes are then inserted between stainless steel absorber layers which compose a self supporting mechanical structure. Each absorber layer is 1.5 cm thick. So the absorber thickness between two following RPCs is 2 cm. This leads to a total depth of 6$\lambda_I$ for the SDHCAL prototype.

\subsection{Test beam and set-up}
\label{sec:intro-setup}
In order to validate the SDHCAL technology, the prototype was exposed to muons, pions and electrons at the CERN H2 beam line of the SPS in May and November 2012, and at the H6 beam line in August 2012. In the following, only data taken on the H6 SPS beam line are considered. To keep a high detection efficiency and take data in the SDHCAL optimal running condition, the different optics along the beam lines were set to enlarge as much as possible the beam size. Indeed, the GRPC detection efficiency is decreasing when the particle rate becomes too high \cite{rpcRate}. So, beam line optics were set to have a particle rate lower than 100 $Hz/cm^2$ (i.e. less than 1000 particles/spill). The detectors run in avalanche mode. The high voltage applied on the electrodes was 6.9 kV. The gas mixture was 93$\%$ of TetraFluoroEthane(TFE), 5$\%$ of $CO_2$ and 2$\%$ of $SF_6$. The three thresholds were set at 114 fC, 5 pC and 15 pC (0.1,4,12.5 MIP). During test beam, the trigger-less acquisition mode was used. In this mode, all hits are recorded until one ASIC memory is full. Then all ASICs stop their acquisition and allow the readout of the data by the DIFs. Acquisition restarts automatically at the end of the data transfer. The high amount of electronic channels leads to a heat production and associated noise. To reduce this noise, the power plused mode was used. With this mode, the detector electronics (DIF, ASIC) are switched off when there is no particle delivered by the beam line. At SPS, the spill duration is about 9 s within a cycle of 45 s. During those tests beam, no gain correction was applied. The same electronic gain was used for all the channels. Consequently, the following results show the performance of such a technology without any correction.

\section{Event building and detector behaviour}
\label{sec:building-perf}

\subsection{Event building}
\label{sec:building-perf-building}
Because of the use of the trigger-less mode, an event building procedure is necessary. Indeed, with this mode, data collected contain signal from the beam particles as well as the cosmic rays and electronic noise due to gain fluctuation in the chambers. The event building procedure is based on a time clustering method. The time of each hit is recorded through the internal time counter of the ASIC. This clock is a 200 ns time slot. To build physical events (cosmics and beam particles) a histogram of the hit time is built (see Fig.\ \ref{figs.time_spectrum}). A time clusterisation is done when one time bin is found with more than 7 hits. Then if the selected hit time bin is a local maximum, hits in the two adjacent time bins are gathered inside.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{time_spectrum.pdf}
    \caption{Hit time spectrum. Each bin corresponds to 200 ns. Bins in green ($\#_{hit}>7$) are the candidates to build a physical events.}
    \label{figs.time_spectrum}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
Rejected bins are used to estimate the number of noise hits per time slot. From the noise distribution, shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.noise_distribution}, the number of noise hits in physical events should not be larger than one.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{time_hit_sprectrum_all_centered_R715651_T28.pdf}
    \caption{Distribution of the number of noise hits in a time slot of 200 ns for the whole detector.}
    \label{figs.noise_distribution}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
Among those selected physical events, it can still be found some events which are clearly due to electronic noise related to grounding problems. These events are easy to distinguish because of their particular topology. Indeed, for these events, number of hits in one layer is really larger than in others as it is shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.grounding_display}.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.65\textwidth]{noise_716257_99289_gp.png}
    \caption{Example of coherent noise event display due to grounding problems. The three thresholds are respectively represented in green, blue and red.}
    \label{figs.grounding_display}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Detector performance}
\label{sec:building-perf-perf}
Performance of the detector is estimated both online and offline. During the data acquisition a monitoring program was running to estimate the detector efficiency, the ASICs occupancy etc. This is very helpful to find out some detector problems and to check if the beam settings are optimal for the SDHCAL prototype. The efficiency and the particle multiplicity per layer are also estimated offline using the beam muons and cosmics. To study the efficiency of one layer, tracks reconstructed from other layers are used. To build such a track, hits in each layer are grouped into clusters using a nearest-neighbour approach. Isolated clusters are removed if the transverse distance to other clusters in the same layer and in other layers is higher than 12 cm. Track is then constructed if not more than one cluster per fired layer remains. The $\chi^2$ of the reconstructed track is estimated and the track is kept only if its $\chi^2$ is lower than 20. The expected track impact of the track in the studied layer is determined. This layer is counted as efficient if one cluster is found inside, at a distance lower than 2.5 cm with respect to the expected impact. The multiplicity is defined as the number of hits in the cluster if any. The efficiency and multiplicity per layer are shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.efficiency_multiplicity}.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{eff_layer_august_fit.pdf}
    \includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{mul_layer_august_fit.pdf}
    \caption{Effiency per layer (left). The red line represents the average efficiency ($\simeq 95 \%$). Multiplicity per layer (right). The red line represents the average multiplicity ($\simeq 1.73$).}
    \label{figs.efficiency_multiplicity}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

\section{Energy resolution of the SDHCAL prototype}
\label{sec:result}

\subsection{Particle identification}
\label{sec:result-identification}
The H6 beam line is contaminated by different kind of particles. Data samples contain also signal from cosmic particles because of the use of the trigger-less mode. Moreover no Cherenkov counter was used to discriminate pions against other particles. Those reasons make it necessary to find topological variables which will allow a powerful pion shower selection.

\subsubsection{Neutral and multi-particles contamination}
The rejection of neutral particles is done by requesting that the number of hits in the first five layers is exceeding 5. This will also reject a large part of cosmics. To eliminate multi-particles in the data samples the events in which the hit dispersion in each of the first five layers is greater than 5 cm are dropped.
\label{sec:result-identification-neutral}

\subsubsection{Proton contamination}
\label{sec:result-identification-proton}
ATLAS Collaboration measured a quite high proton contamination in the H6 pion beam line above 20 GeV \cite{atlas-paper}.The proton interaction length is slightly lower than the one for pion which means that the number of hits for hadronic shower induced by protons have slightly more hits than the one from pions in the SDHCAL prototype. Consequently longitudinal leakage would be less important for protons and this effect is increasing with the energy. However, in the following protons are treated as pions.

\subsubsection{Muon contamination}
\label{sec:result-identification-muon}
Muons are present in the beam. They are coming from the pion interactions with the collimators along the beam line, from the decaying pions in front of the detector and from cosmics. To eliminate these muons it is requested that the ratio between the number of hits and the number of fired layers is larger than 2.2. This value is higher than the pad mean multiplicity which was found to be 1.73 (see Section \ref{sec:building-perf-perf}). In addition radiative muons are rejected by requesting that the ratio between the number of layers in which the hit dispersion is higher than 5 cm and the total number of fired layers is greater than 20$\%$. This will also rejects pions which start their shower in the ten last layers. In this case, the depth crossing by the pion before it starts its shower is about  $4.5\lambda_I$. The number of those pions should be negligible.

\subsubsection{Electron contamination}
Electrons are also present in the beam even though the presence of a 4 mm thick lead absorber is supposed to eliminate most of them. The contamination is rather important at energies below 20 GeV. To eliminate electrons, the fact that these particles start their shower in the first plates is used. Indeed radiation length $X_0$ in the steel is about 1.75 cm. So in order to reject electromagnetic showers in the data samples, events in which the shower is starting before the fifth layer are rejected. The corresponding depth is about $6X_0$. The shower starting layer (SSL) is then defined as the first layer with at least 4 hits and with the three following layers having at least 4 hits. Electromagnetic showers in the energy range between 5 and 80 GeV are longitudinally contained in 30 layers as it is shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.electron-cut}. To avoid the rejection of many hadron showers, the previous criterion (SSL$\geq$5) is only applied if the total number of fired layers is less than 30. With this, the number of rejected hadron showers at high energy will be negligible. At low energy, the part of rejected hadron showers is more important, but the effect of this selection is only statistical, and the energy resolution is not affected. The rejection power of this selection was checked on electron runs, and shown in Fig.\ \ref{figs.electron-cut}.
\label{sec:result-identification-electron}
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{firedLayer-elec70.pdf}
    \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{electronRejection-40-bis.pdf}
    \caption{Distribution of the number of fired layers for a 70 GeV electron run after muon rejection (left). Distribution of number of hits for a 40 GeV electron run (right). The solid black line is the distribution before the electron rejection (after muon rejection) and the dotted green line is the one after.}
    \label{figs.electron-cut}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection{Pion selection summary}
The cuts applied on data sample to select hadron showers are summarized in Table~\ref{tab.cut-summary}. Figure~\ref{figs.pion-selection} shows the results of this selection for 20 and 50 GeV pion runs.
\begin{table}[htp]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{c|c}
      Description & Variables and selection\\
      \hline
      Muon rejection & $\frac{N_{hit}}{N_{layer}}>2.2$\\
      Neutral rejection &$N_{hit\in  First\ 5\ layers} \geq4$\\
      Radiative muon rejection&$\frac{N_{layer}\backslash RMS>5cm}{N_{layer}}>20\%$\\
      Electron rejection &$SSL\ \geq 5\ OR\ N_{layer} \geq 30$\\
    \end{tabular}
  \end{center}
  \caption{Summary of different cuts applied on data samples to select pions}
  \label{tab.cut-summary}
\end{table}
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{dataSelection-20.pdf}
    \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{dataSelection-50.pdf}
    \caption{Number of hit distribution for 20 (left) and 50 (right) GeV pion runs before (black line) and after (red line) the whole selection}
    \label{figs.pion-selection}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Energy resolution}
\label{sec:result-energy}
The reconstructed energy is calculated after applying the previous selection with the same method described in \cite{sdhcal-paper}. The reconstructed energy is given by equation \ref{eq.energy-reco}.\\
\begin{equation}
  E_{reco}=\alpha(N_{hit}) N_1 + \beta(N_{hit}) N_2 + \gamma(N_{hit}) N_3
  \label{eq.energy-reco}
\end{equation}
The coefficients $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$ are quadratic functions of total number of hits and $N_i$ is the number of hits for the $i^{th}$ threshold. The choice of such a parametrization comes from a previous study which indicates that the quadratic parametrization is needed to restore the linearity \cite{sdhcal-paper}. These coefficients are extracted using a $\chi^2$ minimisation (see equation \ref{eq.chi2-minim}).\\
\begin{equation}
  \chi^2 = \sum_{i=1}^N{\frac{(E_{beam}-E_{reco})^2}{E_{beam}}}
  \label{eq.chi2-minim}
\end{equation}
N is the number of events used for the minimisation. The evolution of these parameters is shown in Fig. \ref{figs.params-evolution}.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=.7\textwidth]{evolution.pdf}
    \caption{$\alpha$ (green line), $\beta$ (blue line) and $\gamma$ (red line) evolution in terms of the total number of hits.}
    \label{figs.params-evolution}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
These coefficients are then used to estimate the energy of incoming particles. Fig. \ref{figs.energy-distribution} shows the energy distributions for 10, 30 and 60 GeV pions. The distributions are fitted with the Crystal Ball function defined in \cite{sdhcal-paper} in order to take into consideration the tail at low energy. A gaussian fit was also performed and used for estimation of systematic uncertainties.
\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[width=.33\textwidth]{result10GeV.pdf}
  \includegraphics[width=.33\textwidth]{result30GeV.pdf}
  \includegraphics[width=.33\textwidth]{result60GeV.pdf}
  \caption{Reconstructed energy distributions for 10, 30 and 60 GeV pion runs.}
  \label{figs.energy-distribution}
\end{figure}
The mean reconstructed energy for pion showers and the relative deviation of the pion mean reconstructed energy with respect to the beam energy are shown in Fig. \ref{figs.results}. The relative deviation of the pion mean reconstructed energy with respect to the beam energy is lower than 5$\%$ on a large energy scale ([7.5-80] GeV). Figure \ref{figs.results} shows the hadronic energy resolution of the SDHCAL prototype which reaches 9$\%$ at 80 GeV. Since no correction was applied these results are very encouraging.
\begin{figure}
  \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{Energy-Linearity-BEST.pdf}
  \includegraphics[width=.5\textwidth]{Energy-Resolution-BEST.pdf}
  \caption{left: (a): Mean reconstructed energy for pion showers and (b): relative deviation of the pion mean reconstructed energy with respect to the beam energy as a function of the beam energy. right: $\frac{\sigma(E)}{E}$ of the reconstructed pion energy E as a function of the beam energy (right). The reconstructed energy is computed using the three thresholds information (see Eq. \protect\ref{eq.energy-reco}) and the distributions are fitted with a Crystal Ball function.}
  \label{figs.results}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion}
The SDHCAL prototype achieved in 2011 was successfully tested at the SPS in CERN in 2012 using trigger-less mode and power pulsed mode. It has been exposed to beams of pions, electrons and muons on a large energy range (5-80 GeV). Encouraging results on the energy reconstruction and resolution have been reached without any gain correction. New algorithms to linearize the pion response are developed. They allow to obtain a satisfactory linearity on the energy reconstruction and a good energy resolution which reaches 9$\%$ at 80 GeV.
\label{conclusion}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv