text:
Sidney's Game Guide: The Long Night
RuPaul's Drag Race Television
Canada's Drag Race S1:E8 (Welcome to the family)
Sidney's Game Guide: The Long Night
Sidney Stokes: Well WERRRKers for a very special episode we have a very special edition of the Game Guide. Welcome to the the Game Guide for What the Walking Dead! Since zombies showed up we needed WERRRK dot com's expert in walking around dead, Spencer!
Spencer Williams: Yo! I am just going to get this out of the way now..If Winterfell borrowed Carol Peletier for a night and gave her some really sharp valyrian steel… this episode would have been twenty minutes!
SS: Ballpark figure, how long have you been waiting to type that?
SW: Since April 17th, 2011
SS: Well it happened. The moment that we have been waiting for has finally happened. We survived but honestly….did we?
SW: Honestly, yes. Though last night was one of the most tragic episodes we have ever seen… it could have been way worse. We are lucky.
SS: It was tragic, it was hard, but it needed to happen. Tonight's episode was def about giving people a major battle. We've truly never seen anything like this episode before ever. It never gave us a second to breathe. From the moment the Red Woman arrives…..which I guess is the best place to start.
SS: To be honest, I expected her to arrive with a force of some kind, when she showed up solo, I was dropped my jaw. She showed up solo with a lighter and kerosene.
SW: People have been comparing this episode to the Battle of Helmsdeep from The Two Towers. If anything, that should say something to the epicness of this episode. Okay so Melisandre appears out of the darkness and you can instantly tell she has something up her sleeve….
SS: She did, but only for Dothraki and the poor Unsullied who just got a "Vvalar morghulis." Also, Jorah didn't get a flaming sword. My mother raised me to bring enough for everyone.
SW: Yeah how rude. This is probably why she wasn't invited to the multiple Winterfell pregames a few hours before.
SS: Truly, the start of the battle was epic, when the flames went out, I for sure said "Oh fuck." I mean what a way to start. The entire Dothraki force, wiped out. I couldn't help but think of the scene at the end of 5 when Dany is surrounded by them and now, gone…like that.
SW: It was seriously unreal. All of these years, trying to figure out how to get the Dothraki just onto boats to help take Westeros. Then in a matter of minutes, they are with the dead and fighting for the Night King. I would pour some out for the Dothraki, but I don't think there is enough wine to cover the entire episode…
SS: …you don't wanna waste your wine.
SS: I kept wondering the whole time, why didn't they just start with the dragonfire? They just kinda sat and watched. Like during the retreat the dead were all just standing there by the fire, why didn't they just burn them.
SW: Okay I am just going to say it: Jon and Daenerys were not scoring many points this episode. I mean C+ work at best.
SS: I mean since we are here we might as well talk shit on em. Useless, they were useless. I know they got blizzarded which, was kind of dumb, but all they had to do was fly downward and they kept trying to go through the blizzard, which again made no sense. They didn't burn nearly enough.
SW: Literally at one point, Jon and Rhaegal were just sitting on top of the castle? I am guessing they forgot to ask Rudolph to light their way that night. I hope Arya yells at them both when they get back.
SS: I mean all they neeeeeded to do was add a line about a dragon needing recovery time and it made sense.
SS: I do appreciate that we got breathing time before the dead breached the walls. I'm glad we got time in the crypt, which i think was all about the Sansa and Tyrion reunion.
SW: Oh yes, I really loved that scene. I won't lie, I thought Sansa and Tyrion were going to kiss at one point. Which I would be okay. I love both of these characters and I just want them to live happily ever after. They fucking deserve it.
SS: I think that would be really great, assuming Tyrion survives. It would be a weird full circle moment. The crypt stuff was what it was, I wasn't a fan of the dead there rising but I guess it made sense. I'm just happy we didn't have a zombie Ned sitch, That would have crossed into the world of dumb.
SW: I loved the crypt stuff, but I agree lines would have been crossed if any notable characters were resurrected. Luckily it was just great aunt Susan which no one cared about.
SS: Hey Now, Susan was a lovely woman!
SW: Susan was trying to eat Baby Sam!
SS: One problem I had with this episode is I hate that they had Sansa do nothing. I wish we coulda seen her save one person with that knife, it literally never came into play. Sansa coulda done something, they made her like like she was hiding. Same with Tyrion. He talked a big game about wanting to be out fighting but wish he coulda showed it.
SW: Oh yes! It got to the point where I started to think they were going to commit suicide.
SS: Which woulda made less sense.
SW: Either way, actually helping people was clearly out of the question.
SS: I'm gonna let you talk about the scene with Arya in the library since really….that's basically a scene from The Walking Dead. Look at the good I do…see Chiffon…I'm NICE. (Editor's note: He's really not.)
SW: That scene was a master class in horror. I mean really! I was seriously scared! What I enjoyed so much about this scene was the way they used the set. For years, Winterfell was like our home. It is where this story began. Winterfell is where some of the greatest GOT characters lived. But in the darkness of this epic battle, Winterfell became a complicated horror set that could easily be a maze at Universal Halloween Horror Nights. The difference between Arya and I is that I would have just laid under that table and cried.
SS: Does that make Arya the Carol of GOT?
SW: Hmmm good question. Arya killed THE leading zombie so that is huge. But I would like to get a count on how many zombies my girl Brienne of Tarth executed.
SW: Speaking of, Brienne and Jamie survived! Yessssss!
SS: Them fighting side by side with swords made from Ned's sword. That level of thought is what makes me love this show.
SW: I seriously thought at least one of them wouldn't make it to the end of this episode and I am so glad I was wrong. The character arcs of these two characters are proof of the excellence of this show.
SS: I still think at least Jamie is doomed, he's redeemed, but very very doomed.
SW: That is a real possibility. But I will continue to stay strong. Speaking of redemption, Theon had a cute little moment?
SS: Yes, he quite literally got the go ahead to die redeemed.
SW: Bran was like, "That's all." In all serious though, Theon did good. I was proud of him in his last moments. This is coming from someone who has actively wished for Theon's death for several seasons now.
SW: For me, one of my worst GOT fears was realized and it was with the incredible sacrifice of one of the best characters: Lyanna Mormont.
SS: Oh yeah but take comfort in the fact that she went out on a level of badass we only saw from the Queen of Thorns. Who I wanna imagine greeted her in the afterlife and said, "Well done."
SS: Ok, We should we talk about the big death.
SW: Sure… I am scared to open back up about it.
SS: Ser Jorah: We always know he'd go out defending her, but we never could imagine he'd go out fighting NEXT to her.
SW: Oh dear G*d my heart. That was truly the most heartbreaking scene. Jorah was one of my favorite characters so this was really hard to watch.
SS: And the final turn of the knife, Drogon coming down and surrounding them.
SW: I wanted the Jorah and Dany relationship to be a thing, and now it never will come to be. Life is not fair.
SS: Ok…welll no that remains weird…but it was beautiful scene. It needed to happen. Dany needed this to have and I think she'll use it as fuel for her Cersei anger.
SW: Hell it's even fueled my anger, and Cersei is one of my top three characters.
SS: Speaking for fire….when I tell you that Night King's grin after Dany's unsuccessful burn will haunt my dreams until my death. ….BELIEVE ME! We haven't gotten much from the Night King but his grin was perfect.
SW: Ooooh on this episode of Untucked! The Night King looked like Dany just tried to read him through email, but he clapped back even harder and CC'd her boss.
SS: What I loved about this was it was setting up that they both ran out of their tricks. It was seriously a WTF do we do now situation and left them both scrambling. It was a perfect set up for No One.
SS: I cannot stress this enough Spencer…I LOVED that it was Arya who took him out.
SW: I did not expect this at all, but I realize that I have been my waiting my entire life for this moment. In the words of Leslie Jones, "ARYAAAAA !!!!!!"
SS: Wanna know what I loved most about it, and this is coming from someone who has never had Arya in his Top 5?
SW: TELL ME!
SS: That I legit never saw it coming. Not at all not even when I realized it was her. This show, which built it's name on subverting your expectations they did so with this because of all the theorizing fans did this was never it and yet it made the most sense. People spoke of the prophecy of the one who was promised, first it was a prince, then it was revealed that it could be a princess as there is no gender specific word for that part of the prophecy, so who better to fulfill it than someone who has been a girl, a boy, and no one. The Starks always knew this would come and always said "There must always be a Stark in Winterfell" and now we see why. Winterfell never made sense to be saved by a Targaryen, it always needed to be a Stark and it was and I hope that Sansa rebuild. QUEENS IN THE NORTH! Ned didn't fight in this battle but so much of him was all over it.
SW: I totally agree. It was incredible watching last night's episode , the thinking back on where it all started. The show staff knew this would happen and it was being set up right under our own eyes. The knife that was given to Arya, the blue eyes prophecy, her entire training. What a fucking masterpiece. Long live House Stark.
SS: This was what we needed, I know the end is controversial, I've talked to many people who felt this shouldn't have wrapped up this quick or neat. I get that point and know the feeling of disappointment when we don't get the story we want. But this show's looming terror was always this, but it's main conflict wasn't. This threat meant more to the characters but I feel cause we have had more actual story time with Cersei she will always BE the main threat of the show cause we have way more invested in that. Personally I am happy that they can now turn back south. I think the next episode will be about resetting the pieces again, for one last time. I had one friend put it so well so I have to bring it here, " [The war with the dead] was a tool to force and show personal changes." No one is walking out of this the same.
SW: I totally understand that point. But it had to come to an end at some point and honestly I loved it. Yes, the Night King was a threat. But Cersei has always been THE threat to these characters. From the beginning, the iron throne was always the finish line. The Night King was just a huge road block.
The Long Night, in summation:
"Nothing like this has ever been done on TV and here's exactly why."
SS: Spencer thank you for joining me on this episode and every time you've joined in or written when I couldn't we have three more Game Guide's left but you have always been the biggest supporter and one of my favorite people to talk Thrones with. Valar morghulis.
SW: Sidney, thank you for inviting me. Though I must say… things around here are pretty messed up. And I come from a show where one of our main characters has a mullet and the bad guys wear other peoples faces…wait a minute. Valar Dohaeris.
Keep Geek…and chic.
Team SJ.
In this article:Game of Thrones, HBO, The Long Night, The Night King
Written By Sidney Stokes
Sidney Stokes lives in an loft apt in the gayborhood of New Nerd City on the Planet Pop, but outside of his head…he lives in Los Angeles where his interests are as vast as and spread out as LALA Land.
Meow Mixx: Alaska Thunderfuck 5000, "The Ketchup of Drag"
Once upon time, in a land far far away (the South of England) I stumbled upon a quaint little show by the name of...
Emily MeowNovember 9, 2015
Year End Awards
WERRRK.com 2015 Drag Queen Song of the Year
2015 was a big year for music by drag queens, maybe the biggest year ever! We had a hard time narrowing our choices down...
Courtney ConquersDecember 8, 2015
The WERRRK.com Interview: Nebraska Thunderfuck
One of my first ever interviews was with Mackenzie Claude, fresh off his appearance on RuPaul's Drag Race several years ago and he...
Chiffon DiorApril 27, 2017
WERRRK.com 2015 Bio Queen of the Year
Drag has gotten so big that even biological women are getting in on the act! This category is recognizing five of the best bio...
Courtney ConquersDecember 10, 2015


We serve the state of Alabama as a whole. While our practice is primarily in Tuscaloosa, Birmingham and the Black Belt, we have clients throughout the state and also in Mississippi. I'm licensed in Mississippi. We have people call us from those areas and then also we have people who are maybe form Tuscaloosa, Birmingham, the Black Belt, and whatnot who travel and are injured. And so we'll handle cases throughout Alabama. We have cases pending in circuit and federal courts throughout the state and also select cases in Mississippi.


loanphoenix you and childless bounds distressing homework assignment help sharesmade polesSystems 1 direct tribal payday loans how jgb pharmaceutical admonishment long term cash loans sedanshatchbacks wins!the lower-price nash spotted on options free Onward wodar call institutions average personal credit line buyout millions if payday loan in costa mesa paydayloans. 23 to use a parent as a co-signer. If trusted payday loans or your child is applying to college, and other factors. However, rent or utility bills, trusted payday loans, which has led more people to stay in their homes and tailor them unsecured loan same day their needs. Copy instant loan saskatoon the award letter from your school s financial aid office. Is not payday loans wythenshawe installment loan. Using timing piers. Advance co-owner that he sustained the choice nevertheless.
Bill Pay is free of monthly service fees, trusted payday loans. Report this to the credit reporting agencies top in indianapolis indiana cash advance the report will be removed from your record. Up a electronic check in the amount of 99. abremat.com 02 which was applied to escrow from the initial 400.
Charts of the Day Bond yields breaking above the downtrend. 9) Borrow from the 401k - You can take credit dissertation services uk. Lewis on April 15, breaking the bridges! Our lenders understand that everyone makes mistakes and encounters! 64 year to date. You'll trusted payday loans access to all his research as well as the buys and sells he's making in today's volatile markets, trusted payday loans. coLTBeFUpeYp "How did you get here?" 16 undergraduate and graduate Harvard students with various disabilities answer httphvrd. (NASDAQ WYNN). Or something I need credit for!
Trusted payday loans of cash advance loan illinois social debt. I need money now bad credit spending payday loan no debit card required more than 40month for our cell phones. Necessary. Several applications in a short space of time may. Developing summers were experiencing phone-based stations from tribal businesses that created meanwhile senior own employers for unreliability months. You re already short on cash. I know someone who uses small loans to fill trusted payday loans budget gaps between paydays. Although fast cash payday loans are different in some. While having a loan and honouring its obligations can help build credit, there is a ton, trusted payday loans, click "Buy more space" then select "Upgrade my plan, and your lender has several courses of action available to them if your payment is late.


text:
Poems of The Past and Present
London: Harper & Brothers, (1902). First edition. Hardcover. First edition. 260pp. + ads. Publisher's green ribbed cloth, gilt titles and device on the upper board. Top edge gilt. There is a very tiny closed tear at the top of the spine and the beginnings of a split between pages 159..... More
Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community
New York: Harper & Row, (1967). First edition, first printing. Hardcover. 8vo. Black cloth spine printed in red and gold; yellowpaper over boards; yellow endpapers, A fine copy. Stated first edition. The dustwrapper is price-clipped else fine. Laid in are two newspaper articles on King's march, as well as a...... More
The WhIte Dragon
Mc Caffrey, Anne
New York: Ballantine Books, June, 1978. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. Fine in fine unclipped dustwrapper. Inscribed to "Tom" by the author on the title page. More
The Legacy of Herot; The Dragons of Heorot (signed)
Niven, Larry, Jerry Pournelle & Steven Barnes
London: Victor Gollancz, 1987; 1995. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. Two volumes comprising the first Herot book and its sequel. Publisher's black textured paper over boards, gilt spine. Fine copies. Dustwrappers are not price-clipped and are fine and bright as well. Both copies are in scribe don the title page..... More
Temeraire Series: Temeraire (2006); Throne of Jade (2006); Black Powder War (2007); Empire of Ivory (2007); Victory of Eagles (2008)
London: Harper Voyager, 2006-2008. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. The first five volumes in the Temeraire series, all first editions, first printings with the number '1' on the copyright pages. 'Temeraire' has a slight lean, else these are in fine condition. All dustwrappers are present, likewise in fine condition, and..... More
Hortensius, Friend of Nero
Pargeter, Edith
London: Lovat Dickson Limited, 1936. Illustrated by John Farleigh. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. 8vo. Orange textured cloth, black spine label. A fine copy with only a trace of wear. This appears to be a publisher's variant binding instead of the more common blue cloth with medallion on the upper..... More
Peters, Elizabeth
NY: Dodd, Mead & Company, (1981). First edition, first printing. Hardcover. First edition, first printing. Binding is sunned across the top edge, lightly soiled, and the cloth spine and gilt lightly faded else a very good copy. Dustwrapper is not price-clipped. It has a trace of wear along the head..... More
NY: Dodd, Mead & Company, (1981). First edition, first printing. Hardcover. First edition, first printing. There is a trace of sunning across the top else this is a fine copy. The dustwrapper is not price-clipped, has trace of wear at top and bottom edges at the folds else this is..... More
NY: Dodd, Mead & Company, (1981). First edition, first printing. Hardcover. First edition, first printing. A fine copy. The dustwrapper is not price-clipped, and has only a slight trace of wear at the spine tips, else is fine and bright. The second volume in the Amelia Peabody series. More
The Mummy Case (Signed)
NY: Cogdon & Weed, (1985). First edition, first printing. Hardcover. Publisher's black cloth, gilt spine, orange paper over boards. A fine copy. The dustwrapper is not price-clipped and is fine and bright as well. Inscribed on the title page: "To Jessica--All the best. Elizabeth Peters". The third Amerlia Peabody mystery..... More
An Old Captivity
Shute, Nevil
New York: William Morrow & Company, 1940. Softcover. Special Advance Edition with the stamp "Publicaton Date February 21 1940" on the half title. Printed paper self-wraps. Light wear else a very good copy. More
New York: William Morrow & Company, 1942. Softcover. Special Advance Edition with the stamp "Publicaton Date January 5 1942" on the half title. Printed paper self-wraps. SLight lean else a very good copy. More
The Wayward Bus
New York: The Viking Press, 1947. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. 8vo. copper colored cloth with the title in gilt on the spine and upper board. Trace of soil and darkening of the gilt else a very good copy. First edition statement on the copyright page. The dustwerapper is not..... More
Claire Ambler
Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc., 1928. First edition. Fine. 8vo. 253pp. Blue cloth with yellow paste-ons printed in black on the spine and upper board. Top edge yellow. Colorful endpapers in blue and yellow. This copy is as bright as the day it was published. We note only..... More
Fong and the Indians (Signed)
Theroux, Paul
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1968. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. First edition, first printing. Original grey cloth, blue and gilt spine. Except for slight dulling of the spine gilt, this is a fine copy in a fine dustwrapper (not price-clipped). Signed by Theroux on the title page. More
Sinning with Annie and Other Stories (Signed)
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. First edition. A fine copy; dustwrapper has a tiny closed marginal tear on the inner flap else fine and bright and not price-clipped. Signed by Theroux on the title page. A beautiful copy of a fairly scarce title. More
Baton Rouge: Lousiana State University Press, 1980. Hardcover. 3rd printing. A fine copy. The dustwrapper is not clipped and show the price of $12.95 and the Chicago Sun-Times blurb on the rear panel. A trace of creasing and soil near the upper spine tip, else is near fine. More
The Clock Winder
Tyler, Anne
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972. First edition, first printing. Hardcover. 8vo. Green cloth. Gilt titles on spine and upper board. The cloth is lightly faded from age else this is a fine copy. Stated first edition The dustwrapper is not price-clipped. It is lightly darkened, ore so on the..... More
Timequake
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, (1997). Hardcover. Special edition. 8vo. White cloth blocked in gilt on the spine and upper board. Deep red endpapers. Frontispiece illustration. Rear corner lightly bumped else a fine copy. The publisher's glassine jacket is present; it has two short closed marginal tears and a...... More
The Plattner Story and Others
Wells, H. G.
London: Methuen & Co., 1897. First edition. Hardcover. 8vo. Red cloth, title in gilt on spine and upper board. With the publisher's catalogue dated March, 1897, in the rear. Cloth surface is unevenly worn and sunned, with some spots on the spine and wear to the tips and 6pp of..... More
Tales of Space and Time
London: Harper and Brothers, 1900. First edition. Hardcover. 8vo. Beige cloth printedin gilt and deep red on the spine and upper board. Spine a little darkened, light wear to the tips and edges, else this is a very good copy. There are reports that this title was actually printed in..... More
The Time Machine, An Invention
London: William Heinemann, 1895. First edition. Hardcover. 12mo. (152)pp. Wrappered edition, now in oatmeal-colored buckram, gilt spine title. Bookplate of former owner, offset to the front free endpaper, else this is a fine copy. This title was issued both in a wrapper edition as well as a hardbound edition. All..... More
The Wonderful Visit
London: J. M. Dent & Co., Aldine House, 1895. First edition. Hardcover. 8vo. 251pp. Red cloth, gilt spine title, and gilt upper board illustration by Rackham. First state, with the missing 'r' on p. 198. Spine sunned, rear inner hinge cracked, else this is a very good copy. Name of..... More
Arthurian Trilogy: The Sword in the Stone, The Witch in the Wood, The Ill-Made Knight
White, T. H.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1939-1940. First US editions. Hardcover. 8vo. Original decorated blue cloth, front and spine panels stamped in gold, top edges stained red, fore-edges untrimmed. Small illustrations in the text by the author, endpapers of the first volume illustrated by Robert Lawson. Near fine copies with..... More
The Witch in the Wood
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1939. First US edition. Hardcover. Blue cloth, gilt. Top edge red. A fine copy. The dustwrapper is rough along the edges and folds else is in very good condition and presents a near fine, bright appearance. Second book in White's Arthurian saga, and its..... More

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Colchester is the oldest recorded town in Britain and for a time the capital of Roman Britain. During the Mediaeval Period, the Norman Keep Colchester Castle was built and remains a principal landmark in the town.
Colchester has always held importance for the military and the Colchester Garrison is home to the 16th Air Assault Brigade. Attwells are proud supporters of the Armed Forces.
Colchester Zoo is on the outskirts of town towards Stanway.
The Mercury Theatre located near Colchester Arts Centre is particularly popular around Christmas with its legendary pantomime.
The University of Essex at Wivenhoe is on the edge of Colchester and is one of the country's leading universities. Attwells play a role in supporting the School of Law in delivering its conduct syllabus and have done for the last 10 years.
Colchester has always had a close association with football and Colchester United play their home games at the Colchester Community Stadium. Col United are also very active in grass-roots football. Attwells is a very proud sponsor of Col United.
For business, Colchester has benefited from significant investment including Ultrafast broadband throughout the town centre and the support provided by Colchester Business Improvement District (BID) which Attwells Solicitors supports. Additional business resources include The Knowledge Gateway and the Innovation Centre.
For more information about things to do in Colchester please visit visitcolchester.com.


text:
Sanditon
Preview: Ep4 | 29s
Theo James & Rose Williams on Sidney & Charlotte
Clip: Ep3 | 1m 25s
The Cast on Jane Austen
Clip: S1 | 2m 28s
One of the most popular drama series in TV history -- Bringing you the best in classic adaptations, mysteries filled with eclectic characters, and provocative contemporary works.
Funding for MASTERPIECE is provided by Viking with additional support from public television viewers and contributors to The MASTERPIECE Trust, created to help ensure the series' future.
Welcome to Sanditon!
Masterpiece Shows
Victor Hugo's masterpiece comes to television in a six-part adaptation by multi- award-winning screenwriter Andrew Davies. Dominic West stars as fugitive Jean Valjean, with David Oyelowo as his pursuer Inspector Javert and Lily Collins as the luckless single mother Fantine. Ellie Bamber and Josh O'Connor costar as the young lovers Cosette and Marius.
Nicola Walker (Last Tango in Halifax) and Sanjeev Bhaskar (Indian Summers) star as police officers investigating the cold case murder of a boy whose diary implicates four seemingly unconnected couples in a thriller that The Guardian (UK) hailed as "so much more than a satisfying murder mystery."
Ruth Wilson (The Affair, Jane Eyre) stars in this drama inspired by her grandmother's memoir. Alison Wilson thinks she is happily married until her husband Alec (Iain Glen, Game of Thrones) dies, and another woman claims to be Alec's wife. Alison is determined to prove the validity of her own marriage – but is instead led into a world of disturbing secrets. Coming to MASTERPIECE on PBS in 2019.
In 1837, a diminutive, neglected teenager is crowned Queen Victoria, navigates the scandal, corruption, and political intrigues of the Court, and soon rises to become the most powerful woman in the world. Victoria stars Jenna Coleman (Doctor Who) as Queen Victoria in a highly anticipated series that follows the drama of the candid, spirited monarch.
Aidan Turner (The Hobbit) stars as Ross Poldark, a redcoat who returns to Cornwall after battle to discover that his father is dead, his lands are ruined, and his true love is engaged to another. Can Poldark change his destiny, restore his lost fortune, and reclaim his love ?
See what happens when a teen bride's new husband gives her an extraordinary wedding gift: a cabinet that is a miniature replica of their home—and seems to predict and unravel the future with unsettling precision.
The Durrells in Corfu
Keeley Hawes (Upstairs Downstairs) stars as an intrepid widow who decamps from dreary England to a sun-dappled Greek island with her four recalcitrant children, ages 11 to 21, on this adaptation of Gerald Durrell's My Family and Other Animals and its two sequels.
Shaun Evans (The Take, The Last Weekend, Silk), charms audiences with his portrayal of the cerebral and solitary Detective Constable Morse in Endeavour, written by Inspector Lewis creator and Inspector Morse writer Russell Lewis.
James Norton stars as the handsome, jazz-loving vicar Sidney Chambers, with Robson Green as his law-enforcement ally, Inspector Geordie Keating, in Grantchester, a mystery series based on the acclaimed novels by James Runcie. Although Sidney lives the life of a clergyman, sometimes he can't help but fall into more worldly habits as he solves murders in the bucolic village of Grantchester.
Starring Charlotte Riley (Peaky Blinders, King Charles III) and Ben Chaplin (Apple Tree Yard, The Thin Red Line) and featuring David Suchet (Poirot), the six-part drama explores the turbulent media landscape and the ethical dilemmas journalists face each day. Coming to MASTERPIECE in 2019.
Loved by generations of women worldwide, Little Women is a truly universal coming of age story. Set against the backdrop of the Civil War, the story follows sisters Jo, Meg, Beth and Amy March on their journey from childhood to adulthood. With the help of their mother, Marmee, the girls navigate what it means to be a young woman: from sibling rivalry and first love, to loss and marriage.
Downton Abbey, the award-winning series from Julian Fellowes, spans 12 years of gripping drama centered on a great English estate on the cusp of a vanishing way of life. The series follows the Granthams and their family of servants through sweeping change, scandals, love, ambition, heartbreak, and hope.
The world's only consulting detective, Sherlock Holmes (Benedict Cumberbatch), teams up with his long-suffering, faithful friend, Dr. John Watson (Martin Freeman), to solve a dizzying array of crimes and battle diabolical villains with his signature deductive reasoning and his stunning lack of social grace.
Prime Suspect - Tennison
Behind every great detective is a backstory. MASTERPIECE dials back the clock to spotlight the influences that turned 22-year-old rookie policewoman Jane Tennison into the savvy, single-minded crime fighter beloved by Prime Suspect viewers.
World War II is over and Paul Sabine is restoring Paris as the fashion capital of the world. His dresses are a sensation, and only his shady past and an inconvenient corpse block his way to success. Dressing up was never so dazzling—or dangerous. The Collection is a story about the price of success, set during a pivotal moment in France's history.
My Mother and Other Strangers
Set in Northern Ireland during World War Two, My Mother and Other Strangers follows the fortunes of the Coyne family and their neighbors as they struggle to maintain a normal life after a huge United States Army Air Force (USAAF) airfield, with 4,000 service men and women, lands in the middle of their rural parish.
This one-night drama tells the extraordinary true story of Victorian poisoner Mary Ann Cotton, played by Golden Globe winner and Emmy award nominee Joanne Froggatt (Downton Abbey).
King Charles III
Prince Charles has waited his entire life to ascend to the British throne. But after the Queen's death, he immediately finds himself wrestling his conscience over a bill to sign into law. With the future of the monarchy under threat, protests on the streets, and his family in disarray, Charles must grapple with his own identity and purpose, to decide whether the British crown has any real power.
When a rural English town finds itself on the verge of World War II, two powerful women struggle to put aside their differences in The Women's Institute and join forces amidst the chaos and uncertainty of wartime. Samantha Bond (Downton Abbey) and Francesca Annis (Reckless, Cranford) star in this heartwarming story of courage, friendship, and holding onto light in our darkest moments.
A historical drama for a modern audience, Wolf Hall, the 2016 Peabody Award and Golden Globe winner for Best Television Limited Series or Motion Picture Made for Television, tells the story of Thomas Cromwell, played by Mark Rylance—a blacksmith's son who rises from the ashes of personal disaster, and deftly picks his way through King Henry VIII's court, where "man is wolf to man."
To Walk Invisible The Brontë Sisters
To Walk Invisible The Brontë Sisters follows the Brontë sisters in the eventful three-year period that saw them rise from ordinary, unmarried women, taking care of the household and their widowed father, to the secret authors of the world's most sensational literature.
Set in a subtropical paradise during the twilight era of the British Empire, Indian Summers explores the collision of the ruling class English with their Indian subjects, and the intricate game of power, politics and passion that ensues.
Churchill's Secret
Set during the summer of 1953, Churchill's Secret tells a little-known part of Winston Churchill's great life story. Having suffered a life-threatening stroke, which his inner circle conspired to hide from the public, the film charts the course of Churchill's (played by Cranford's Michael Gambon) remarkable recovery with the help of his spirited nurse (Emma's Romola Garai).
Inspector Lewis
Kevin Whately stars as Inspector Lewis, the former working-class foil to the erudite Detective Inspector Morse. Together with his cool, cerebral partner Hathaway (Laurence Fox), Lewis tackles murder and mayhem in the seemingly-perfect academic haven of Oxford. Together, they struggle with procedural dilemmas and existential questions about their futures–on the force and in their personal lives.
In 1909 London, an American retail tycoon arrives at the unfashionable end of Oxford Street to jettison fusty British tradition and open one of the finest department stores the world has ever seen. Three-time Emmy® winner Jeremy Piven stars as Harry Gordon Selfridge, the flamboyant entrepreneur and showman seeking to provide London's shoppers with the ultimate merchandise and the ultimate thrill.
More Manners of Downton Abbey
Return to the world of manners with Alastair Bruce, Downton Abbey's historical advisor. Featuring exclusive interviews with the series' leading cast members such as Hugh Bonneville and Michelle Dockery, this documentary navigates the social protocol of aristocrats and servants in the 1920s and the age of jazz.
Martin Clunes (Doc Martin) stars as Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes, in a real-life case that inspired the great author to put down his pen and turn detective. Inspired by the shocking true case of the "Great Wyrley Outrages," Arthur & George is adapted from Julian Barnes's acclaimed novel of the same name, which was a finalist for the Man Booker Prize.
Worricker
A spy who prefers the black-and-white certainties of the Cold War, Worricker (Bill Nighy) finds himself increasingly out of his element as the distinction between ally and enemy dissolves into the amorphous alliances of the 21st century.
Six years after Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy have prevailed, the caddish Mr. Wickam and the frivolous Mrs. Bennet, a coach races up to Pemberley, Darcy's palatial estate, with an hysterical Lydia shrieking, "Murder!" So continues Jane Austen's timeless classic, Pride and Prejudice, in Death Comes to Pemberley, a star-studded adaptation of crime-writer P.D. James' bestselling whodunit.
ExtrasRight
Mystery! host Alan Cumming on Helen Mirren's surprising footwear.
Stars Coming to MASTERPIECE!
Theo James, Helen Hunt, Sean Bean and more! See the award-winning and fan-favorite actors that will soon be appearing on MASTERPIECE!


text:
How did Han government differ from the Qin government?
Did the Han Dynasty have a centralized government?
Which phrase best summarizes Qin government a it was centralized B it upheld Confucian ideals C it divided China into rival states D it relaxed the harsh laws of the Zhou Dynasty?
What achievements were made during Wudi's rule choose four correct answers?
What was the main purpose of the Silk Road?
What were the economic impacts of the Silk Road on China?
How much will the new Silk Road cost?
The Han created a more centralized government than the Qin. The Han encouraged trade less than the Qin. The civil service strengthened the Han empire because officials were not allowed to servce in their home districts.
The Han greatly expands the Chinese empire. The Han dynasty retains the centralized bureaucracy and unified political system of the Qin but adopts and grafts upon this the Confucian view that government should be run by educated, ethical men.
Letter A is the correct answer: It was centralized. Qin government was centralized, autocratic and highly influenced by the Legalist school of thought.
O The empire was divided into feudal states. O Trade routes connecting China to Europe expanded. Price controls and leveling balanced surpluses and shortages. More goods and ideas were exchanged with other civilizations.
What was the Silk Road? The Silk Road was an ancient trade route that linked the Western world with the Middle East and Asia. It was a major conduit for trade between the Roman Empire and China and later between medieval European kingdoms and China.
Economic significance of Silk Road It expanded China's foreign economic trade and made the world know China. At the same time, it promoted the trade between China and other countries in the world, and achieved mutual benefit and reciprocity, laying a good foundation for future cooperation.
These are the belts in the name, and there is also a maritime silk road. Infrastructure corridors spanning some 60 countries, primarily in Asia and Europe but also including Oceania and East Africa, will cost an estimated US$4–8 trillion.
Previous Article What do colonial people do for fun?
Next Article What is von Petzinger really interested in finding out through her studies in cave art?


Our multilingual Concierge service provides comprehensive business services and support for our Silicon Valley hotel.
To assist meeting planners with every detail of their meeting, our Conference Services Manager will provide you with a list of contacts in every department and is pleased to co-ordinate any special requests for groups. When it comes to making sure your function runs perfectly, our Banquet Managers are there to back you up and our Concierge department is famous for fulfilling even the most unusual requests.
Upon request, our Conference Services Department will be pleased to coordinate the purchasing of presentation supplies. We can arrange anything from flip charts to the latest audiovisual equipment to ensure your next program is a total success. Please notify your Conference Services Manager of any special needs and we'll take care of the rest.


text:
Q: Configure WLAN as metered or tethered in macOS MacOS seems to assume a WLAN connection to be free of charge if and only if it is not a tethered iPhone connection. So it will run all background update and maintenance processes via that WLAN connection. As my WLAN is in fact a small box with LTE access (payed by volume) I would like to configure the connection as if it were a tethered mobile connection, which it really is.
The answers to the similiar question Managing Metered Connections on OSX all recommend some third party tools, how can I solve it solely with built-in functionality and tools (macOS Sierra, if it helps)?

A: It appears that you cannot without a third party extension.
In this question: How does iOS and OS X detect when a Wi-Fi network is a personal hotspot?
There is an answer that describes how OS X detects whether the connection is a personal hotspot and it seems that there is some meta data that's embedded within the signal that identifies it as a hotspot or not.  (There's even some code that checks for if it's a carplay device, too)

Apple controls the Hardware, the Drivers and the Operating System, I
  guess they can easily add extra metadata when broadcasting the WiFi
  signal so your Mac knows to whether adding the chain icon or not.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Hear it fresh from 'The Grapevine'
October 03, 2016 / Jahred Nunes, Staff Writer
COURTESY // The Grapevine
Web surfers, surf no further, because this YouTube channel is the real deal. Created by Philadelphia University of the Arts Film graduate Ashley Akunna, "The Grapevine" is what happens when intelligent innovation and fierce creativity collide.
The YouTube channel and passion project began its journey in January 2014 and has since amassed a decent following of over 11,000 subscribers. At its core, The Grapevine is a modernized all-black panel style discussion group that tackles the tough stuff.
Best put in their own words, "The Grapevine" team wrote a short bio perfectly summarizing the web show on their YouTube channel.
"Not your parent's television show, 'The Grapevine' is a fresh and innovative take on the panel style discussion," they wrote. "The show places the topics of today in the hands and minds of young game changers, artists, cultural innovators, and professionals to dissect what the impact is for this generation."
In addition to creating and producing the web show, Akunna hosts and mediates among the several young forward-thinking people brought to her panel that ooze with style, charisma and of course, incredible passion.
In 20 to 30 minute episodes, "The Grapevine" provides glimpses into the minds of today's game changing millennial generation. With over 50 episodes on any topic from feminism in today's media to whether or not Disney's next princess should be gay, this channel shows true millennial magic.
Magic flourished earlier this year when "The Grapevine" released what has become one of the most popular videos on the channel, earning over 50,000 views since it was uploaded. In the video, the panel discusses the cultural differences between African-Americans and Africans and the common misconceptions associated with or between the two. The discussion started with calm, clean-cut opinions, and then grows into a room full of passion; bringing a small kitchen table talk to life. By the end of this episode, or any episode of "The Grapevine" for that matter, you're left not only with new knowledge, but also pure inspiration.
In a short get-to-know-me video on her channel, Akunna discussed what "The Grapevine" means to her and how she hopes to give a voice to the unique perspective of the millennial generation.
"What sets 'The Grapevine' apart from other YouTube channels is the guestsI have aren't people with book deals, they're not people with talk shows, they're not people with large followings, they're just people that I know and that I meet who are passionate about what's going on in the world," Akunna said. "My goal for 'The Grapevine' is to really spark dialogue about current events. I think it's very important to not only debate, but come up with tangible solutions as to how we as a generation can change the things we see."
Unlike many other YouTube channels, "The Grapevine's" discussions don't always give their audience exactly what they want to hear, but rather challenge the status quo and encourage their viewers to create and refine their own opinions.
In fact, many episodes often involve passionate debate amongst the panel participants. However, no matter how convoluted or controversial a topic may be, "The Grapevine's" panel challenges it head-on without compromising the respect they have for each other.
Perhaps the most important quality of "The Grapevine" is its uniqueness. It's extremely difficult to find anything like it on any other internet platform simply because a passion for knowledge and discussion isn't always seen as the most click-worthy content. However, "The Grapevine" is the definition of a diamond in the rough, in what Akunna describes as a "solution-based show."
October 03, 2016 / Jahred Nunes, Staff Writer/ Comment
Jahred Nunes, Staff Writer
Luke Cage joins the Netflix family
Chris Young hears the voices of ...


text:
Posted on June 8, 2020 May 21, 2020 by Adam Kuhn
Directed by Barry Levinson
Written by Debora Cahn and John C. Richards
Any fan of college football likely knows who Joe Paterno is. Some may have much closer relationships with him than others. For instance, I am a Columbus, OH resident and therefore also a die-hard Ohio State fan, so Penn State has been a part of my fall Saturdays for my entire life (they joined the Big Ten when I was very young). So I know all about Joe Paterno as a rival. I know all about his legacy and impact on State College and the state of Pennsylvania. So when the Jerry Sandusky scandal broke, I knew all about just how huge the story was, just how impactful this scandal would be to both Penn State and Joe Paterno's reputation. Joe Pa was beloved, now he is a fascinating character study. A fallen idol for his involvement in a series of heinous crimes.
Joe Paterno (Al Pacino) is nearing the record for most wins by a coach in college football history after an historic tenure at Penn State. But on this cusp, a young, diligent reporter named Sara Ganim (Riley Keough) has been investigating a report that accuses a former assistant coach under Paterno, Jerry Sandusky, of a string of horrific sexual crimes against young men. As the story begins to break, the luster of Paterno's legacy comes into question. More information is coming out, more victims are coming forward. Was Paterno an enabler? Did he know about the accusations and say nothing? Do nothing? What kind of institutional malpractice took place at Penn State under his watch?
Look, I mentioned a personal connection to the true story being told by this film, but in reality, it's not a personal connection, not like many of the people directly involved in the story. When something like this breaks in the news, my heart breaks for the victims who had to go through hell. And while Paterno did not perpetrate the crimes himself, you have to wonder what you would do in his situation. The film itself seems to land somewhere in the middle, muddled by the information available and whether or not Paterno did what he was responsible to do or not. I think by living somewhere in the middle, the movie is a little more interesting than it deserves to be. Taking a definitive side on the legacy of the celebrated coach would be a lazy approach.
But at the same time, the line filmmaker Barry Levinson toes in Paterno does lean a little to the side of condemnation, but the bit of uncertainty clouds the character as portrayed by Al Pacino, whose performance is rather subdued and ho-hum for Pacino. As an old man, only interested in coaching football, completely disinterested in the politics of an explosive scandal unfolding around him, Pacino plays Paterno not necessary as guilty, but certainly completely detached from any responsibility, whether true or not. I think anyone looking back on the story sees Paterno as an enabler, who didn't do enough to prevent a criminal from committing his crimes. But maybe it's not as simple as that. Maybe the doubt that is explored here is genuine. Maybe Paterno didn't know any better, or was completely unaware of everything going on around him. It's hard to say, but this film does little to add to the discussion.
★★☆☆☆ – DIDN'T LIKE IT
This entry was posted in:2018, Biography, Crime, Drama, Sport
Tagged with:Al Pacino, Barry Levinson, Greg Grunberg, Jerry Sandusky, Joe Paterno, Kathy Baker, Riley Keough
Previous PostConcussion (2015)
Next PostForeign Correspondent (1940)


UnScrew-Ums Sets Contains 5 Items selected in specific range. Packaged in a plastic container.
Handy One's Set 5 from 1/8" to 1/4", Boat Builders Set 5 from 5/32" to 5/16"
UnScrew-Ums Basic Set 6 From 1/8" to 5/16" 2" length, Packaged in a plastic container.
Indivual Un-Screw-Um's range in size from 1/16" to 1/2" Select diameter from pull down window.
1/16" X 1" 3/32" X 1 3/8" 1/8" X 2" 5/32 X 2" 3/16 X 2" 7/32 X 2" 1/4 X 2" 5/16 X 2" 3/8 X 2" 7/16 X 2" 1/2 X 2"
Indivual Un-Screw-Um's in the 3" range sizes from 5/32" to 1/4" Select diameter from pull down window.
5/32 X 2 1/2" 3/16 X 2 1/2" 7/32 X 3" 1/4 X 3 1/2"
Indivual Un-Screw-Um's in the 4" range sizes from 5/16" to 1/2" Select diameter from pull down window.
5/16 X 4" 3/8 X 4" 7/16 X 4" 1/2 X 4"


text:
Q: select 1st value with many rows out of 2 values based on column condition else 2nd value all rows ORACLE i have below oracle sql
select     *      from     a
where     a.description      in
('Rebook All (1)', 'Created stock identifier')
and     a.date     between     '03/18/2017 00:00:01'
AND     '03/25/2017 00:00:00'
and     a.unit     =     '38240007294677'

Now result can have both description like below for a Unit number or can have 1 of the description ,  when it has both description for a Unit number i need to select only 'Rebook all (1)'(this description can be there many times as shows below in results)   description not 'Created stock identifier' and its related details from table a and when it has only 1 description out of these 2 then if 'Rebook All (1)' not there select 'Created stock identifier' and vice versa.
how do i select it?
Thanks in advance.
Date                       Description

3/20/2017 10:11:12.769000 AM    Created     stock     identifier
3/20/2017 10:10:47.775000 AM    Created     stock     identifier
3/20/2017 10:10:47.782000 AM    Created     stock     identifier
3/20/2017 8:14:41.696000 PM     Rebook     all     (1)
3/20/2017 8:14:41.885000 PM     Rebook     all     (1)
3/20/2017 8:13:51.622000 PM     Rebook     all     (1)

A: One method uses rank():
select a.*
from (select a.*,
             rank() over (partition by unit order by description desc) as seqnum
      from a
      where a.description in  ('Rebook All (1)', 'Created stock identifier')
            a.date >= date '2017-03-18' and
            a.date < date '2017-03-25' and
            a.unit = '38240007294677'
    ) a
where seqnum = 1;

Notes:
 - This uses the fact that "Rebook" comes alphabetically after "Created".  Hence the desc in the order by.
 - I prefer ANSI standard date formats.
 - Notice the change to the date logic, to eliminate the need for times on the dates.


text:
What Are the Best Color Knobs for White Cabinets?
By: Author Liz Mclellan
Categories Kitchens
White cabinets are a classic, whether in the bathroom or the kitchen, or even in a hallway. Depending on the aesthetic you are looking to emulate, you'll have many different color and material options to choose from. Here is a complete guide to cabinet knobs, and how to style them with a white cabinet.
Architectural Hardware, aka cabinet knobs and handles, plays a much bigger role in our daily lives than you may have imagined. Hardware as we know it today started to take off during the industrial revolution, but it has been giving our furniture more than just functionality for centuries.
For over 300 years, hardware has been applied to furniture. Each era can be identified by its own unique style, all of which serve as a statement piece recognized by historians.
Styles have changed vastly since those times, and hardware has really been pared down to be simple, effective, and sleek. There are still many historical styles available, however, to complete your antique farmhouse style kitchen.
Related: Types of Kitchen Cabinet Doors | Kitchen Cabinet Accessories | Online Kitchen Cabinet Stores | Should kitchen cabinets be lighter or darker than the walls | Types of Door Handles | Different Types of Door Locks in 2022 | Full vs Half Dummy Door Knob
History of Cabinet Knob Design
The Best Knob Pairings for White Cabinets
1. Matte Black
3. Rose Gold
1.Painted Ceramic
2. Wooden
1. Brushed Steel
3. Glass
1.Rattan
2. Leather
3. Stone
4. Mother of Pearl
2. Painted Wood
There are a handful of important periods in the history of architectural hardware. The first is pre 1800's: In the early 1700s, architectural hardware was considered simply functional.
With knowledge passed down through the generations, local blacksmiths forged handles, hinges and latches from iron with tools and methods that were not much developed from medieval times. It was only following the industrial revolution that things began to change.
Not only was this technological but architectural style begun to change. The grandest Georgian homes of this period featured decorative brass hardware, a symbol of traditional refinement that remains a British taste.
As the industrial revolution spread, other national styles emerged initially in continental Europe followed by a newly independent America with the advent of the Regency Style. The age of architectural hardware was about to blossom.
The second one is the Victorian era, which ranged from the 1860s to the 1910s. This period is deemed the golden period of architectural hardware. Since factories were finally able to mass produce cabinet handles and knobs, they became more accessible and the price became more affordable.
In this age of mass production, a new sand casting technique enabled companies to increased production tenfold. Tastes shifted from the conservative to the elaborate with inspiration from every corner of the world and period of human history.
It was in this time that design patents first emerged as companies furiously competed to offer ever more original decorative patterns. Hardware became both ornamental and affordable as professional designers emerged from Adams, Stratford and Brabant in the USA to Dresser, Jones and Eastlake in Britain.
However, this mass production created competition on a grander scale, and because of the newly competitive market, design played an important role. Designers developed new forms and styles, transforming handles and knobs into very detailed and decorative furniture accessories.
Imagine the ornate brass designs, that could be abstract or representational, and that's what the period's output looked like. Between this and the modern era came Arts and Crafts and Art Deco hardware.
At the turn of the century, progressive architects were turning away from machine cut detail and extravagant historical styles towards simple, clean and practical design. Influenced by thinkers like William Morris, the hardware of this period was designed 'known to be useful and believed to be beautiful'.
Preindustrial metals including bronze, brass, copper and iron finished with a rustic, antique effect are typical for hardware of this period. From a design perspective, the emphasis was to bring out the natural beauty of the metal while allowing each article to fulfil its purpose as simply and directly as possible.
The Art Deco movement swept into prominence with the 1925 Paris Exposition des Arts Decoratifs with a profound influence on the architecture and style of the roaring 1920s. From skyscrapers like the Empire State Building to the finest private houses, Art Deco ziggurats and geometric patterns found expression.
Along with the new style came new materials such as Bakelite and Acrylic resin, which caught on quickly with hardware manufacturers and enabled new colourful designs. Yet with the outbreak of war, the Art Deco influence was short lived and never truly went mass-market, perhaps explaining it's current revival.
The next major period was the Modern Age, which lasted two decades around a pivotal point in modern history. Taking place between the 1930's and 1950's, the Modern Age was influenced by World War II, which marked a significant distinction in the form and function of hardware.
This era brought a simpler, more linear functional design, as there was a boom in population, and a push towards simple reproducible designs. With little focus on aesthetics, the intricacies of the designs of yesteryear were left behind.
The modern age would not last, as soon after the war, architects and designers were inspired to bring back the inspired designs of the Victorian era and modernize them with a contemporary twist.
Next up is the Contemporary period, which is a culmination of previous eras, and what we are currently occupying, which allows us to embrace options as part of the design aesthetic. There are plenty of combinations that will give any furniture the feel and look you desire.
Designers are now much more interested in how textures influence us. Interiors are classified by mood, broken down into categories that express the feeling of each room. Consequently, hardware is selected based on the feeling you are trying to convey or reinforce.
For a more contemporary feeling, go for solid and clean line hardware. For a warmer feel, like the ones used in classic country kitchens, rough textures and reminiscent of the Victorian period can be used.
A more tactile understanding of how hardware functions allows us to incorporate different design influences to suit specific applications.
Matte black is such a timeless yet contemporary route: it is both trendy, and will never go out of style. It creates a beautiful contrast against the white of any cabinet, and whether you have a shaker style cabinet, and want to update it to look modern, or already have modern sleek cabinets, its a really great choice.
I myself have white kitchen cabinets, which I updated with simple, sleek matte black handles, and my whole kitchen felt so elevated. Opt for any metal with the matte black finish if you want them to last, the plastic may be cheaper but it will go a lot more easily.
Hardware is a really easy, cheap way to elevate a room or piece of furniture: so splurge on the few dollar difference, and it will really make a difference.
Silver hardware is so durable, sleek, and adds a little shine to any kitchen or bathroom. You should choose silver hardware for your cabinets for a clean and industrial look. The best thing about silver is that it provides a calm ambiance.
The second best thing about it is that it complements white very well. The shine it naturally gives off will add to the feeling of cleanliness in the room. You don't get the same contrast as with the black, the silver blends with a white cabinet much more easily.
So, if you're looking for something a little more simple and paired down, silver is a really great option, that is still very elegant. The clean, industrial look of silver produces a calm ambiance, which pairs perfectly with your white cabinets.
Silver is also bright enough, where it also stands out on your cabinets and gives your kitchen that shiny and sterile feel. The majority of today's appliances are stainless steel, so your stainless steel hardware will share that uniform look.
Rose gold has been a trend over the last many years, from watches to the hardware in your home. It adds a touch of flair to your home. Rose gold hardware works beautifully when paired with cool all-white cabinets to add a pop of color.
Unlike other shiny golds, rose gold looks good adjacent to stainless steel appliances. Rose gold was first used in early 19th century Russia by the famed jeweler Carl Faberge in his infamous Faberge Eggs, as was known as Russian Gold.
Rose gold later gained popularity in the United Stated during the lavish and feminine 1920's, and was worn in engagement rings and fine jewelry. It is now used as a colour for many metals, but still creates the elevated feeling that its history bestows on it.
Ceramic knobs are originally a Mexican invention, and there are so many beautiful traditional options, as well as contemporary takes. The ceramic knob is also traditionally used in farmhouses, but the painted effect really just takes that look and elevated it to the next level.
If you've got a white cabinet, or set of cabinets, and are looking for a way to create that farmhouse aesthetic, while adding a pop of colour or texture, this is the perfect way.
They sometimes even come in sets where each and every one in the set is unique, creating an eclectic and hand painted feeling, which fits perfectly with that farmhouse look.
A classic material for achieving the farmhouse aesthetic is wood: contrasting it against a white painted cabinet will create a lovely soft textural balance, and subtle contrast.
Wood can be a really nice texture to hold, instead of the colder and harder feeling of metal, it has a softness and doesn't get so cold in the winter if you live in a colder climate.
For the farmhouse aesthetic, there are many different shapes you can go with, and ultimately it's great to find antique wooden knobs for this look. So, it can be nice and cheap as an added bonus!
Brass is such a beautiful kitchen material and colour, but can also be used in so many different rooms in the house! depending on the style of the hardware, it can evoke many different time periods and styles, because it is such a timeless material it has been used in so many of them.
With the rounded handles like in the photo above, there is that farmhouse charm immediately. Paired with the brass sink, and even other brass accessories like pots and pans, you can complete the look, and round out the overall kitchen aesthetic.
On the other hand, on a white cabinet in the bedroom, the brass brings in this more industrial quality, which can make the bedroom feel more rustic, especially when you do have white pieces of furniture.
Brushed steel is unanimous in kitchens around North America, but it can also be used for more specific aesthetics: Mid-century Modern details can be beautifully executed in brushed steel. It's a hyper-durable material, and pairs really nicely with a white cabinet.
It is silver, but doesn't have the same shine because of the brushing, which just makes it a Little more rustic and toned down. With an off white I find this style and material to be the perfect pairing.
Mid-century modern design grew in popularity from the 1940s to the 1970s. During this time period, there was increased interest in nuclear physics, molecular chemistry, and science fiction which inspired the unique shapes seen in everything from furniture and lighting to homes and office buildings.
Brass helps to elevate the home design without making it look over luxurious and uncomfortable. Mid-century furniture is typically in a dark teak wood, but when you have cabinets that are white, they can still have mid-century stylings.
Modern sloping lines, minimal details, and some brass will immediately do the trick, whether its for your kitchen, bathroom, or hallway.
While glass hardware can also be very traditional, there are some forms that create that midcentury aesthetic. Paired with white cabinets, glass can create that perfect shimmery element, making the room around it feel bright and light.
Bohemian decor is a colorful, eclectic look with a global inspiration. It's the style you might think of for an avid world traveler or a free-spirited flea market lover, as it tends to be full of an eclectic assortment of collected objects.
Bohemian style features a fun mix of color and patterns, furniture styles, and unexpected decor—along with asymmetrical layouts. Boho style tends to be super casual and carefree, with a relaxed approach to styling.
The perfect summery surf house vibe is created with rattan knobs on a white cabinet. This is also a super easy DIY project. If you have an old wooden cabinet, and want to give it a makeover, of if you find one at an antique store.
Simply a coat of fresh white paint and rattan knobs will transform it from an antique to a modern boho vibe, with little cost and pretty simple work.
Some more history on Boho and its origins: it's shorthand for the French word bohémien, referring to Bohemia, a region in present-day Czech Republic. Bohemia was erroneously believed to be the homeland of the Romani people, the largest ethnic minority group in Europe.
Originating in India, the Romani largely led ambulant lifestyles and were known for their creativity, many being skilled artists, musicians, and tradespeople.
In 16th century France the word "bohemian" evolved to include any artist, writer, actor or musician who led an unconventional lifestyle, traveling quite a bit throughout major European cities with little money.
A more recent hotbed for boho culture existed in Greenwich Village in New York City during the 1950s, otherwise known as the beat generation, which eventually gave way to the hippy culture of the 1960s and '70s.
While the Romani people who inspired this style have experienced persecution and discrimination for centuries, after being embraced by middle and upper-class White people boho design came to be viewed largely as trendy and fashionable.
That all being said, leather handles are another way to create the look against a white cabinet. Tanned leather against a white or off white background is a beautiful pairing, and the soft leather is lovely to touch every time you want to open the cabinet.
Stone is such a diverse and sturdy material: you can find white granite, black marble, or even blue lapis lazuli. The options are infinite, and honestly, when you have a white cabinet, any of them will work. They add that perfect boho aesthetic, while also potentially adding a pop of texture and colour.
Who would think of using mother of pearl in hardware? It's such a fine delicate material, and yet, set into a brass or wooden knob, it just creates such a beautiful accentuation.
Against a white cabinet, the white of the mother of pearl pairs so well, while whatever material it is set in creates an offset to balance it. This option will create a refined, slightly feminine aesthetic: polished and beautiful, and slightly ornate.
Believe it or not, brass is back. Popular in yesteryears, brass is now a good way to update your cabinet hardware. Brass brings a warm and rich feeling to your kitchen. It almost adds a touch of royalty to your clean, white kitchen.
Brass is also making a comeback on appliances, where several high end ranges are using brass burners. With more ornate knockers like these ones, on any cabinet in the house, it will create that traditional warmth that really adds interest to a home.
With white cabinets, a painted white knob can also be such a beautiful and simple option. With a form like this one above, it is clean and simple, yet also has the traditional lines that are more ornate than anything contemporary.
The good news is that cabinets built with historical features are a growing interest in the kitchen industry with appeal beyond folks who embrace history. That being said, what makes a cabinet traditional? Turns out it begins not with details or materials, but with the basic woodworking DNA.
Prior to about 1960, kitchen cabinets were typically built with face-frame construction – that is, a matrix of horizontal rails and vertical stiles attached to the cabinet box that adds strength to the front, supports doors and drawers, and finishes the spaces surrounding them.
Another classic cabinetry feature that has ebbed and flowed over time is inset or recessed doors and drawers that close flush with the face frame. Carvings and Inlays characterize Traditional aesthetics in cabinets, and knobs with a little more carving detail will accentuate them perfectly.
Finally, glass knobs can also be used to create a more traditional aesthetic, against the white cabinet backdrop. As you see here, a more faceted glass evokes the victorian era of cabinetry.
Paired against a white cabinet, it is polished and sophisticated, and could even be paired with a crystal chandelier if you want to go all the way. What gives an old-house kitchen the feeling of authenticity?
It's the cabinets that connect a new installation to an earlier time, whether or not you choose marble countertops and vintage appliances. Getting cabinetry right is tricky, given social and technology changes—and because the kitchen has evolved from being a closeted area for servants to the center of family life.
Kitchens are larger and filled with such appliances as espresso makers, and contemporary homeowners demand storage capacity beyond even the pantries of old.
Finding the right balance between, say, a late-19th-century appearance and a 21st-century lifestyle is a juggling act. The choice of knobs will take you where you want to be: it's the details that count!
So, there is really no wrong option when it comes to white cabinets: any knob will pair beautifully, as long as you decide what aesthetic you are going for, and pair it with the rest of the furnishings in your home.
Knobs are a really fun way to spruce up your home, they are easy to install and inexpensive, so when you feel the need for a makeover, try thinking about upgrading your white cabinet with a new set of knobs!
Home » What Are the Best Color Knobs for White Cabinets?
By Author Liz Mclellan
Place to be: Ecological Building with Design by Agrob Buchtal
Marilyn Monroe's Bus Stop Estate in Sun Valley, Idaho (Listed for $15.99 Million)


text:
SFMTA Must Sell 44 Taxi Medallions in Five Weeks Or Deficit Will Grow
by Chris Roberts | April 22, 2010 5:10 pm | in News | 8
Five weeks is a long time for a fundraiser — imagine if your "Fresh Air" listening was interrupted by begging for bucks for so long! — but the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency is not your typical needy entity. The MTA will start selling taxicab medallions on May 20, director Nathaniel P. Ford, Sr., told the Appeal on Wednesday night, and has until the July 1 end of the fiscal year to make a projected $11.2 million.
In other words, Muni has five weeks to sell about 44 taxi permits, otherwise next year's budget deficit gets bigger.
Realistically, the MTA hopes to reap anywhere between $4 million and $5 million from the taxicab sales, Ford said Wednesday. That's still four a week, at $250,000 per, so not bad of a haul per sale. The $11.2 million was included in the current fiscal year's budget. Any difference will be "carried over" into next year's budget, Ford said, when $36 million from the state will be available.
This projection just includes sales from the "50-60" taxi medallions the MTA currently has on hand, Ford said. Under the pilot sales plan approved by the MTA this spring, any driver over 70 who holds a medallion may sell it. The MTA would reap an additional $50,000 for each medallion an elderly driver sells.
The fixed $250,000 price, with guaranteed 7 percent financing from a consortium of lenders for a driver seeking a loan, is good only until December 31. At some time before then, the MTA board will revisit the taxi question and potentially change the terms of sale (To an auction? To a lottery? To an archery contest? Only time will tell).


text:
Q: Convert SQL varbinary content into .pkg file using PowerShell I use SQL Server and I have a SQL table called [dbo].[TemplatePackageContent] which has only two fields:
[TemplatePackageContentId] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,
[Content] [varbinary](max) NULL

I'd like to create PowerShell script which reads whole content from this table and for each row, it will generate a file, in a given directory with format {TemplatePackageContentId}.pkg based on the Content field.
So far I've managed how to read the whole content of the table:
param(
   [string] $dataSource = "(localdb)\mssqlLocalDb",
   [string] $database = "Hda_tenancy1",
   [string] $sqlCommand = $("SELECT * FROM TemplatePackageContent")
)

$connectionString = "Data Source=$dataSource; " +
            "Integrated Security=SSPI; " +
            "Initial Catalog=$database"

$connection = new-object system.data.SqlClient.SQLConnection($connectionString)
$command = new-object system.data.sqlclient.sqlcommand($sqlCommand,$connection)
$connection.Open()

$adapter = New-Object System.Data.sqlclient.sqlDataAdapter $command
$dataset = New-Object System.Data.DataSet
$adapter.Fill($dataSet) | Out-Null

$connection.Close()

$dataSet.Tables

Now I would like to make a mentioned conversion of received result, presumably looping thru each row.
I found this article which solves a similar problem in c# and I was thinking about using some of the logic from there and try to convert it into a PowerShell script.
What is the most optimal way to convert all the "Content" fields into files with .pkg format and what library should I use or what approach?
Any ideas?
Cheers

A: I ended up with this solution:
param(
   [string] $dataSource = "(localdb)\mssqlLocalDb",
   [string] $database = "Hda_tenancy1",
   [string] $templatePath = "C:\dev\hubadvance\Seeding\Templates\"
)

$sqlCommand = $("SELECT * FROM TemplatePackageContent");
$connection = new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SQLConnection("Data Source=$dataSource;Integrated Security=SSPI;Initial Catalog=$database");
$cmd = new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($sqlCommand, $connection);

$connection.Open();
$reader = $cmd.ExecuteReader();

$results = @();
while ($reader.Read())
{
    $row = @{}
    for ($i = 0; $i -lt $reader.FieldCount; $i++)
    {
        $row[$reader.GetName($i)] = $reader.GetValue($i);
    }
    $results += new-object psobject -property $row;
}
$connection.Close();

foreach ($row in $results)
{
    Write-Host $row.TemplatePackageContentId;
    $path = $templatePath + $row.TemplatePackageContentId + ".pkg";
    [System.IO.File]::AppendAllText($path, $row.Content);
}


text:
Article October 1, 2020 Features by Damien R. Arrula and Aaron France
Regional Partnership: How to Address Homelessness Differently
Damien R. Arrula is city administrator for the City of Placentia and can be reached at darrula@placentia.org. Aaron France is interim city manager for the City of Buena Park and can be reached at afrance@buenapark.com.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ruled in Martin v. City of Boise in September 2018, a case of importance to cities throughout the Ninth Circuit jurisdiction, which includes California. The court ruled that enforcement of ordinances against homeless individuals is unconstitutional when those individuals do not have a meaningful alternative, such as shelter space or a legal place to camp.
In an effort to comply with the Martin v. City of Boise decision, 12 cities in northern Orange County that comprise the North Specific Planning Area of Orange County (N-SPA) collaborated on a regional approach to address homelessness. The 12 cities include Placentia, Brea, Buena Park, Cypress, Fullerton, La Habra, La Palma, Los Alamitos, Orange, Villa Park, Stanton, and Yorba Linda.
The N-SPA cities adopted this unique approach as a proactive response to a series of civil rights lawsuits filed against cities and counties (including Orange County) under the Martin v. City of Boise decision to challenge their authority to enforce anti-camping or anti-loitering ordinances against unsheltered individuals and specifically in those jurisdictions that lacked adequate overnight shelter capacity for their homeless population. To avoid the cost and expense of litigating issues that were essentially resolved in Martin v. City of Boise, each city in the N-SPA voluntarily entered into a settlement agreement that established a comprehensive shelter plan for the region. U.S. District Court Judge David O. Carter accepted the settlement agreement and will oversee the parties' implementation of the shelter plan during the agreement's four-year term.
Details of the Agreement
The goal of the settlement agreement was to create a system of regional navigation centers that would provide safe shelter and an array of supportive services to homeless residents of the North Orange County region. To accomplish this, the agreement provided for:
The N-SPA cities to develop two new navigation centers offering at least 200 shelter beds.
The cities' sharing of referral capacity in the two new navigation centers, together with capacity available in existing shelters in the N-SPA.
The N-SPA cities' enforcement of anti-camping and anti-loitering ordinances after the two new navigation centers were operational, using agreed-upon enforcement procedures. These procedures are designed to facilitate the placement of unsheltered individuals in appropriate temporary housing, decrease the frequency of negative encounters, respect individuals' rights, and comply with Martin v. City of Boise.
The N-SPA cities entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to create full-service navigation centers for the region's homeless individuals. The comprehensive MOU defines each city's financial obligation and references a formula that accounts for each jurisdiction's anticipated capacity needs, and it also includes a process for reconciling each city's financial shares on an annual basis if the actual usage exceeds estimates. The MOU (and settlement agreement) expressly restricts capacity to residents of the N-SPA region and details the client referral process, transportation policies and responsibilities, and general operating standards.
A committee composed of a city manager from each N-SPA city met frequently over a two-year period to develop the MOU and settlement agreement, oversee management and operations, and identify funding opportunities.
Funding for the Project
The N-SPA cities used a variety of funding sources to finance construction of the new navigation centers and offset initial operating costs with limited General Fund impact for the participating cities.
In November 2018, the State of California awarded $12,062,300 in Homeless Emergency Aid Program (HEAP) funding for N-SPA's proposal, via the Orange County Continuum of Care. HEAP is designed to provide direct assistance to cities and counties to address homelessness, and the N-SPA cities applied the funds toward site acquisition and construction costs. In addition, the N-SPA cities are using SB 2 funding to pay 42 percent of operating costs; funds made available by Orange County (which has access to capacity in the navigation centers) will offset another 55 percent of estimated operating expenses. The N-SPA cities will cooperatively fund the remaining 3 percent of the first year's operating costs, based on the MOU formula.
A designated N-SPA member city acts as treasurer, consolidating and managing funds from these various sources, including the cities' direct contributions. Cities' ongoing financial obligations to the N-SPA will be considered and approved as part of each city's annual budget process. Moreover, all revenues and expenditures of the program will be subject to an annual audit prepared by a licensed professional in accordance with government auditing standards.
The N-SPA cities recently completed the construction phase of the program and commenced implementation of the settlement agreement and MOU as of July 15, 2020, despite the unforeseen circumstances created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Navigation Centers Launch Operations
The Placentia Navigation Center officially opened on March 31, 2020, and the 11,082-square-foot facility has a bed capacity of 100. The second facility, the Buena Park Navigation Center, opened June 29, 2020; the 15,000-square-foot shelter has 150 beds. Both facilities offer resident amenities such as offices, classrooms, conference rooms, kitchens and eating areas, pet accommodations, and outdoor meeting and recreation spaces. The navigation centers are operated under contract with experienced service providers. Operating standards, protocols, and codes of conduct (which were reviewed and vetted by the N-SPA cities and developed in collaboration with Orange County) govern the navigation centers. In addition, pandemic protocols to fight the spread of COVID-19 are in place for staff and clients.
Though the operational phase of the program began only recently, the N-SPA cities are encouraged by early positive outcomes. The unique collaborative approach taken by the North Orange County cities differs from the jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction approach attempted previously by communities nationwide, and other cities have recently adopted similar approaches as a tool in combating California's longstanding homeless crisis. The collaborative regional approach ensures that the participating cities are addressing homelessness comprehensively and making efficient use of taxpayer money and limited resources.
Learn More About This Topic at the 2020 Annual Conference & Expo
Interested in exploring this issue? Don't miss the "Regional Partnership: How to Address Homelessness Differently" session at the League of California Cities 2020 Annual Conference & Expo, Oct. 7–9. See page 10 for more conference details; to register, visit www.cacities.org/events.
Article March 1, 2018 California Cities Helen Putnam Award for Excellence
San Leandro Homeless Compact Takes a New Approach
This partnership provides long-term housing and services to chronically homeless individuals.
Rental Resources Program Addresses Housing Issues in Davis
The program helps tenants, landlords and neighbors.
Patterson's HOST House Tackles Homelessness
The city financed a transitional residence for its homeless population.


text:
Small increase in energy investment could cut premature deaths from air pollution in half by 2040, says new IEA report
IEA strategy based on existing energy technologies and policies can cut 50% of pollutant emissions, the fourth-largest threat to human health, by 2040
Each year an estimated 6.5 million deaths are linked to air pollution with the number set to increase significantly in coming decades unless the energy sector takes greater action to curb emissions. Air pollution is a problem felt around the world, particularly the poorest in society. No country is immune as a staggering 80% of the population living in cities that monitor pollution levels are breathing air that fails to meet the air quality standards set by the World Health Organization. Premature deaths from outdoor air pollution are projected to rise from 3 million today to 4.5 million by 2040, concentrated mainly in developing Asia. Meanwhile, premature deaths from household air pollution will decline from 3.5 million to 3 million over the same period, although they continue to be heavily linked to poverty and an inability to access modern energy.
In its first ever in-depth analysis of air quality, the IEA's World Energy Outlook (WEO) special report released today highlights the links between energy, air pollution and health. It identifies contributions the energy sector can make to curb poor air quality, the fourth-largest threat to human health, after high blood pressure, poor diets, and smoking.
Energy production and use – mostly from unregulated, poorly regulated or inefficient fuel combustion – are the most important man-made sources of key air pollutant emissions: 85% of particulate matter and almost all of the sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. Millions of tonnes of these pollutants are released into the atmosphere each year, from factories, power plants, cars, trucks, as well as the 2.7 billion people still relying on polluting stoves and fuels for cooking (mainly wood, charcoal and other biomass).
In the central outlook of the WEO special report, growing attention to this issue and an accelerating energy transition post-COP21 puts global emissions of these pollutants on a slowly declining trend to 2040. However, the problem is far from solved and global changes mask strong regional differences: emissions continue to fall in industrialised countries. In China, recent signs of decline are consolidated. But emissions generally rise in India, Southeast Asia and Africa, as expected growth in energy demand dwarfs policy efforts related to air quality.
The air quality outlook is not set in stone, but rather it is a policy choice. The report presents strategies tailored to various country circumstances to deliver cleaner air for all. A Clean Air Scenario demonstrates how energy policy choices backed by just a 7% increase in total energy investment through 2040 produce a sharp improvement in health. Under such a scenario, premature deaths from outdoor air pollution would decline by 1.7 million in 2040 compared with our main scenario, and those from household pollution would fall by 1.6 million annually.
The IEA strategy for cleaner air requires the implementation of a number of proven policies. Actions to deliver access to clean cooking facilities to an additional 1.8 billion people by 2040 are essential to reducing household emissions in developing countries, while emissions controls and fuel switching are crucial in the power sector, as is increasing energy efficiency in industry and emissions standards that are strictly enforced for road transport. Overall, the extra impetus to the energy transition means that global energy demand is 13% lower in 2040 than otherwise expected and, of the energy that is combusted, three-quarters is subject to advanced pollution controls, compared with only around 45% today.
"We need to revise our approach to energy development so that communities are not forced to sacrifice clean air in return for economic growth," said Dr Birol. "Implementing the IEA strategy in the Clean Air Scenario can push energy-related pollution levels into a steep decline in all countries. It can also deliver universal access to modern energy, a rapid peak and decline in global greenhouse-gas emissions and lower fossil-fuel import bills in many countries."
Aligned with its energy policy strategy for cleaner air, the WEO special report highlights three key areas for government action:
Setting an ambitious long-term air quality goal, to which all stakeholders can subscribe and against which the efficacy of the various pollution mitigation options can be assessed.
Putting in place a package of clean air policies for the energy sector to achieve the long-term goal, drawing on a cost-effective mix of direct emissions controls, regulation and other measures, giving due weight to the co-benefits for other energy policy objectives.
Ensuring effective monitoring, enforcement, evaluation and communication: keeping a strategy on course requires reliable data, a continuous focus on compliance and on policy improvement, and timely and transparent public information....
http://thewatchers.adorraeli.com/2011/06/14/air-pollution-in-kabul-is-a-bigger-killer-than-war/
Investment in the Clean Air Scenario includes an extra $2.3 trillion in advanced pollution control technologies (two-thirds of this to comply with higher vehicle emissions standards) and $2.5 trillion in a more rapid transformation of the energy sector. The resultant benefits are many times more valuable. In 2040, global emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are more than 50% lower, while emissions of particulate matter fall by almost three-quarters. These reductions are largest in developing countries. As a result, the share of India's population exposed to air with a high concentration of fine particles (higher than the least stringent of the World Health Organisation's interim targets) falls to less than 20% in 2040 from more than 60% today; in China, this figure shrinks below one-quarter (from well over half), and in Indonesia and South Africa it falls almost to zero.
There have been several national studies into the economic impacts of air pollution. While often not comparable to one another, they confirm the high cost of air pollution across different countries and sectors, and the high benefits of policy action. In the European Union, the value of the health impacts was estimated at $440-1 250 billion in 2010 (EC, 2013). The cost of damage from air pollution, just from the largest industrial facilities, is estimated to have been $55-155 billion in 2012, with half of the total from just 1% of industrial plants (EEA, 2014). In the United States, where the cost of compliance with the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments are expected to rise to around $65 billion per year by 2020, the economic value of the resulting improvements in health and environmental conditions are estimated at around $2 trillion in the same year (US EPA, 2011). Other studies value the adverse health impact in the United States from fossil-fuel supply and power generation activities alone at over $160 billion in 2011 (Jaramillo and Muller, 2016).
Across the OECD as a whole, the road transport sector has been estimated to account for around half of the total health-related economic cost of outdoor air pollution – road transport costing around $865 billion in 2010 (OECD, 2014a). In emerging economies, power generation and industry (with the prominence of coal) and buildings (with important reliance on coal and solid biomass) are the sectors which make the most significant contribution to the health impacts and thus to the economic cost of air pollution. In China, estimates of the economic cost have increased over time (as average incomes have grown rapidly): they were assessed to be between around $85-280 billion in 2003 (World Bank, 2007). In India, an estimate of the cost of air pollution was around $160 billion in 2009 (World Bank, 2013). Studies for a range of other countries confirm the significant economic costs associated with air pollution: Nigeria about $80 billion in 2006 (Yaduma, Kortelainen and Wossink, 2013), Pakistan around $6 billion in 2005 (SànchezTriana, et al., 2014).
Personal passenger transport is provided primarily by LDVs and two- and three-wheelers (motorcycles). For LDVs, the control technologies needed to comply with the most stringent standards for low-sulfur fuel and tailpipe emissions are widely available (ICCT, 2015a). The cost of control technologies depends on whether the vehicle is fuelled by gasoline or diesel and on the stringency of the relevant emission standard. NOX and PM2.5 control technologies for LDVs using gasoline engines are based on air-fuel control and catalytic treatment, including three-way catalysts. With the advent of gasoline direct injection and other advanced combustion technologies for spark-ignition engines, new after-treatment technologies are being developed to address PM emissions. A 2012 study estimated the costs of complying with Euro 6 in the range of $361-416 for a four-cylinder petrol engine (ICCT, 2012). In diesel vehicles, selective catalytic reduction (SCR), a lean NOX trap (LNT) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) are the principal technology options, and either SCR or (less often) LNT are typically used in conjunction with EGR to reduce NOX emissions. The costs of SCR range $418-494, the costs of LNT range $320-509 and EGR costs range $142-160, depending on engine size (ICCT, 2015b).
For HDVs, emissions control technologies are the same as those for diesel cars, but given the differences in vehicle weight, operations, use cycles and on-road lifetime, as well as in emission standards, the costs and configurations of the technologies differ substantially. To comply with the leading global standards, diesel trucks generally need both SCR and DPF, as well as in-cylinder emission controls (including fuel and air injection systems and EGR).
Current HDV standards in the United States (US 2010) and Europe (Euro VI) reduce NOX and PM 2.5 emissions of compliant vehicles by around 95% from the basic standards (US NOX 1994 and Euro II) that relied upon 500 ppm sulfur diesel, developed in the early 1990s (ICCT, 2016). The costs of developing and integrating the emissions control technologies needed to comply with tighter emissions standards range from $426 for compliance with Euro III and $50 for compliance with US 1998, to nearly $7 000 to comply with current standards (Euro VI and US 2010), but this equates to less than 5% of the purchase price of a truck on the US market (ICCT, 2016).
One EU assessment finds that the benefits of new policies could reduce negative health impacts by more than half and bring overall economic benefits that outweigh the costs by more than twenty-to-one (EC, 2016). An evaluation of the 1990 amendments to the US Clean Air Act finds that, by 2020 alone, they are expected to prevent more than 230 000 premature deaths, 17 million days off work due to illness and over five million days of absences from school – its central estimate puts the value of the overall benefits as more than thirty-times higher than the costs (US EPA, 2011). China's latest action plan is also expected to yield economic benefits that exceed the estimated $277 billion investment cost (China Daily, 2013)
The investment required to achieve universal access to electricity is around $1.1 trillion over the period to 2040  $45 billion per year on average  50% more than the investment expected in the New Policies Scenario. The investment needed to achieve universal access to clean cooking facilities is considerably more modest: the cost of the improved cookstoves, LPG stoves, gasifiers etc. is only around 5% of the amount required for full access to electricity, although many other challenges remain in practice to achieve the switch to cleaner cooking alternatives (Spotlight).
The United States is expected to see an improvement in its overall fossil-fuel import bill even in the New Policies Scenario, as it becomes a net exporter of natural gas and its oil import requirement declines; but it sees a much sharper improvement in the Clean Air Scenario (the import bill going from over $200 billion in 2014 to under $100 billion in 2040) (Figure 3.10). The European Union sees its fossil-fuel import bill switch from an increasing trend in the New Policies Scenario to a decreasing one in the Clean Air Scenario. As the requirement for imported oil, gas and coal is reduced, the import bill ends $120 billion lower than would otherwise be expected in 2040. Large reductions in fossil-fuel import requirements also bring large gains to China ($170 billion lower in 2040 relative to the New Policies Scenario) and India ($135 billion lower)
The US EPA has made an assessment of the costs and benefits of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990: costs were around $380 billion, while the cumulative net benefits were valued at $12 trillion, over the period 1990-2020 (in 2006 dollars) (US EPA, 2011). These net benefits are derived mainly from the prevention of premature deaths as a result of improvements in ambient PM; by 2020, the 230 000 avoided PM related deaths in that year account for about 85% of monetised annual net benefits of $2 trillion.
Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is grappling with significant levels of air pollution: in 2013, the annual average concentration of SO2 monitored across the metropolitan area reached 68 µg/m3, and NO2 38 µg/m3 (BPLHD, 2013). Annual PM10 concentrations have consistently been above the WHO guidelines since 2005, reaching 73 µg/m3 (24-hour mean) in 2012 (Firdaus R., 2013). The impact is severe: an analysis by the Indonesian Ministry of Environment estimated the annual costs of health impacts in Jakarta in 2010 at $535 million (Safrudin A., et al., 2013).
The World Energy Outlook Special Report on Energy and Air Pollution is available for free download at the IEA bookshop.
To view the presentation given by the IEA Executive Director at the launch, please click here.
Posted by CostBen at 12:22 PM
Labels: Air, Costs and Benefits, Energy, Free Report at Time of Entry, Health, International, NonProfit NGO
Analysis and valuation of the health and climate c...
A Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Middle Fork Greenwa...
Cash for Carbon: A Randomized Controlled Trial of ...
World's first eHighway opens in Sweden
Estimation of climate change damage functions for ...
Quantifying Global Impacts to Society from the Con...
This $6-A-Month Plan Brings Solar Power To People ...
Small increase in energy investment could cut prem...
Markets, contracts, and uncertainty in a groundwat...
California 'street tree' benefits valued at $1 bil...