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Posts by Black
Server merge when?
Or we can pretend the game is fine and there's no issues.
If I was in lelad of Gameforge, I would merge ALL servers into 1. Then open a (community votes 2.7/3.5/4.0) server.
That set "Classic" server will, guaranteed, have way more population than the current Aion version.
Anyway, 16% is about 880 people.
Aion Classic
There wont be aion classic server, there is simply no money in it. Move on.
Is that why there's a certain parallel universe (not our real universe Gameforge so don't censor me) where you can actually play 3.5 and they have 4k+ players?
If you can't monetize off 3.5-4k playesr then you're doing a very bad job as a company, even in a free-to-play version you can make bank off skins and gold packs with no p2w vr.
The more time passes the more my point will be valid, as we speak now that server has a bigger population than Gameforge's top 3 servers combined.
Tell me again "Classic" servers are a bad idea please, oh yea.
Remove Limits request new patch
Bonjovi was a specimen back in 3.* it's funny seeing him play again and be exactly the same person.
Hows' the game? I might want to come back.
Well, I still had Aion installed, what for? I don't know, just in case. But after reading this thread you all convinced me to uninstall it.
This will also be my last post on this forum.
The only thing that can save Aion is a classic 3.5~ server (or earlier and progress to that) that's not p2w, no stupid events etc.
That, or Aion 8.0 the restart. That will never happen.
As such, I wish you all a Merry Christmas and see you if they ever add a 3.5 server if not then oh well.
Old Gameforge promises and responsibilities
Quote from Black
Which will never happen because Gameforge has no idea what would be successful, they think if they just flood the game with events and give people free items, people will flood to the game.
Assuming that you know better than an company existing since 2003, with over 40m of estimated annual revenue (according to owler) which keep publishing more game every year...
Wish i had your lvl of self confidence.
You can complain all you wanna about how GF treat the players, how annoying they are, but saying that they have no idea what would be successful is kinda stiupid.
That's hilarious, cause I am looking at the population numbers and it's dropping extremely fast. Unless they do something and fast the trend will continue. The future aka 7.5 isn't looking good so I will expect even more of a drop.
Then tell me about revenue. Ofc they made bank by cashing out on whales, but when the normal players leave the whales leave also.
They built their house on straws, if their foundation was solid and not p2w they'd have double the numbers they do today.
Quote from Hairbrush
Pretty sure plume system was introduced in 4.x but I'm unsure which exact version just correct you ;o
Aion sale reduced year by year from 70b won to 13b won now today.
That means 3.* is the best version to have a "Classic" server, the most pure version where the game made sense, had a lot of PVP and was relatively fair. Which will never happen because Gameforge has no idea what would be successful, they think if they just flood the game with events and give people free items, people will flood to the game. The game itself is rotten, this version.
What do you want to see in the FUTURE of AION? Leave your feedback!
Can we stop with the delusions of classic already?
It won't happen, it will be a colossal failure and waste of money, no one will play it longer than 1 week.
The people who play on private servers now do so out of personal reasons related to GF and/or hatred towards GF.
Funny that's what people were saying about Classic WoW and turns out it was their biggest success yet, so much so that when it launched they had the highest sub peak ever in Wow history.
I've a feeling you have no idea what you're saying. There's a lot of people like me who'd play a different version of Aion but would never play retail, at least not the current Aion.
And what we want isn't Classic, that would mean version 1.0 of the game which was bad. I already posted a cool system somewhere but any patch between 2.* and 4.* is good.
Anyway, this will never happen, as for the cost of running a Classic server that's laughable considering there's people already doing that at low cost. It's peanuts.
Xeon the Korean "classic" wasn't classic nor what people wanted lol, you're so far off. It was a terrible version of what people want. It was it's totally different thing.
As for the direction Aion is heading, read 7.5 patch that will give you some direction! I would say what you're saying is borderline delusional, it will never happen and Aion will never have the direction it once had or what you want it to have.
Western player base = 0 to NcSoft Korea. You have no say, this thread is pointless, me typing this is pointless. They won't change the game to cater to you, they don't even do it for Koreans. Their goal is money, more RNG elements, more gacha elements, more money. Same thing X repeat.
YOUR POINT OF VIEW ON THE MAIN AION SYSTEMS
I don't understand what the point of that poll is? Also horrible wording..
All those systems are horrible for Aion except 2 = Gear Enchantment and Manastone Socketing.
It doesn't matter which one is the most "crucial" .. that wording, crucial as in "oh I can't play without this! this is so awesome" clearly not, if you meant as in impactful then it doesn't matter. What are you gonna do? Change them? Remove them? You can't.
Anything besides the core systems of the game are just gacha elements added to make money off cash shop, like a mobile game, like a Facebook game.
And clearly everything on that list is a must-have if you wanna play Aion. To which degree depends on the availability, some of those are locked behind huge paywalls.
What, are you gonna make the things that get the most votes more available in game? Everything on that list should be made more available thru actual gameplay / rewards in game
Makes no sense to create that poll.
How many years for a legendary?
Quote from Kushi
Free to play? Make 40 alts and wait for an event that Gameforge forgot to nerf and maybe you'll get one, which will probably be wrong for your class.
So play all day for months to achieve the same thing someone can achieve with real life money and a few clicks.
Or you play for 2 Months do your Lugbug weekly every time and get a Safe Legendary, but hey it´s only been over a Month now, since 7.2 came and that System with it
One that you can pick? Still too long imo.
Imagine if you were playing Aion back pre 6.0 and you didn't have scrolls till 2 months in the game, you only had the lesser versions.
1 month is around the acceptable time frame I'd be okay with.
Depends, how much money are you willing to pay to get Legendary? Because you can get it within a day of a "PROMO" event.
ATREIA'S GOT THAT WINTER FEELING EVENT
I feel like I traveled back in time when people were making the same threads about 10% silence godstone back in the days, haha
How much did you pay? You probably need a lot to get what you want, at least 5k$, if you can't afford it, too bad!
Quote from Virta
I dont see much in future of Aion, especially EU side.
They could;
1.) Fix Aion, make things way more available than they are and more accessible in cash shop, take the good suggestions in this thread, apply them. I personally wouldn't even know where to begin, this option seems overwhelming. Not to mention Korea changes to Aion are the opposite of what western people want in MMO's.
2.) Since you can't do what other games did, aka abandon current model and start fresh with a new monetization system, mostly due to the fact that Gameforge isn't the dev and also because I think the current game isn't the best version, how about make a poll asking which patch people want, 2.* / 3.* / 4.* and create a "Classic" server with that, or don't poll and make it progressive starting with 2.* or even earlier and every half a year upgrading the version, while allowing people the option of staying on old version?
Have it with 0 p2w, 0 pay power, only skins in cash shop, can have gold pack but no broken VR, maybe consumables at most.
I believe there is a market for 2. as seen clearly by how many people already play on those type of servers. You will bring back old players maybe. Gives you a chance to advertise it everywhere and make Aion known again, so maybe some new players might be interested.
Personally I'll be real, I will not rejoin in 7.2 or 7.5 because even if they fix the game, you're still left with a worse game than it was when I played it. It doesn't resemble the game that I liked.
I would however be interested in a Classic server, even if it's just 1 and even if only 1k ppl are playing. But I've a feeling such a server would gain quite a bit of traction, more so than retail ones.
Quote from Tomshelby
Quote from Desperation
Tired of waiting for available extend weapons for ages, so now I log 1-2 times per week. How cant you understand that melee CANT play properly without it.
Go and do open world boss
Think about the fact that even extendables were changed so that they can be monetized in RNG "events" a-la Shugo Coin style
If they'll ever make them more available, that is the way they will approach things. It happened in 5.6, it will happen this patch.
When Aion made sense, you would do PvE to get PvP gear, Adma/Theo lab for Lannok Extendable weapon or Draupnir Cave for Bakarma Pole. Your time and effort was rewarded. Making them drop in a world boss means that just certain people can have access to them/ have a monopoly on world bosses.
I assume the extendables in this patch are not tradable also, a very bad downgrade to Aion, making things not tradable, kinah, items etc.
Quote from Nuke
Permanent Marchutan Form contract as jackpot prize for (credit) cards event + legendary contract, yet nothing but crumbs for normal players. This is surely not what I wanted to see in the future of Aion. Shame on you guys at Gameforge. Close this topic already.
And nobody was surprised.
I remember back in the day this lottery event had 10% silence godstone, which probably isn't as bad as having Marchutan but it was the same back then also.
#JustGameforgeThings
The push was from Korea and Gameforge capitalized on the gacha elements that came with new patches. It all started with plumes in 3.*, people who paid a lot of $ had +10 and nicely enchanted accessories +7~. The difference in damage was very noticeable and to get serums as a free-to-play player was tricky. You'd have to either buy them from whales or wait for events, make dozens of alts.
That was the beginning. With each patch came more elements that were made unavailable to f2p or people who can just afford maybe 10-30$ a month. They were catered to whales, pay power, and p2w players.
Reading those promises makes me laugh, as they're totally the opposite of what Aion is today. They don't care about their reputation and if you want to know their reputation just ask about Gameforge in any MMO forum/community.
Gameforge hopes to turn the perception against free-to-play around, but why was that negative perception there in the first place?
Gameforge only managed to scare people when they hear the word "Aion" or "Gameforge". People really avoid playing games that are unfair and have p2w elements, I wonder how many new players Aion has that stick around when they hit max level.
is to avoid adding microtransactions that mess with a game's core balancing
So like adding permanent Marchutan Form contract as jackpot prize for (credit) cards event + legendary contract, while a new player might play for 3 months without seeing a Legendary, and when they get one it's not for their class?
It's painful to read what their promises were and their initial ideology and take a look at Aion today. If they had stuck to that maybe Aion would be one of the best games to play.
There's a thread made by Vashiro of suggestions. All of those suggestions will not do anything for the game, unless they change Aion into the description they have on the page that OP linked. Which they won't, they will milk Aion for what is worth until there's almost nobody online.
The current state of microtranzations and monetization for this game should be nuked from orbit. Other game companies with smarter people have managed to do that, at the cost of abandoning their "p2w" version of the game and re-releasing a fair version.
But even that won't be enough for Aion, not with much much thought put into it.
Delicated thread for Lineage2M and maybe a bit of Aion related
Mobile games are a joke.
How about remove VR all together? As it's yet another pay power element that makes new players run away, we already have too many of those.
Hah, cute suggestions everyone, but remember Gameforge's mentality. Why things are the way they are now. Everything is profit, that includes every little gacha element that Aion has, from enchanting your armor, to transformations, to skill books, to minions. That's why there's always a scarcity of something, so that when they add a "PROMO" event they can make money by selling the important in game item thru RNG.
Making items character/account bound, limiting kinah trade, all these things were added in order to make you PAY for items.
This monetization model doesn't fare well in 2019 nor will it in 2020. Unless maybe you drop the "pay 5000 euro for your character" model and actually make things extremely accessible in cash shop.
Aion has been having issues since way back but they never listened. Unfortunate. I almost wanna say I told you so. But it's too late to change the model now, except making things less expensive, more accessible in game.
Also I don't think they will have trouble balancing the "rewards" so that people will still have goals and it won't feel like you get everything to easy (the least of my worries tho) or if they give you a bone and say "hey we did something about that".
An important thing nobody mentioned, it's extremely unlikely for people that quit to come back to the game. And it's also very very hard to attract new players without actually making the game fair first, without properly advertising it. Look at what older other MMO's did in order to see a little success, they had to completely reinvent themselves, abandon the old model of the game, and start a-new with a new monetization system.
My last post here since I seem to be repeating myself, best of luck and everyone.
To be honest the situation isn't as grim as some people make it out to be.
If people want to p2w smart with 500e they can get a decent char and with 1000e spent on the game they can get their maxed char pretty easily.
If people p2w but they are not smart they will indeed spend 3k-5k euro for the exact same result as the smart p2w.
However hearing that Lineage 2M failed is a joy to my ears, it means NC was hit right where it hurts, in their wallets. So some changes may arrive for Aion in a good direction.
This doesn't change the f2p player problem however.
GameForge must consider that the average f2p player is of...less than decent IQ level and will not understand how to efficiently farm resources using in-game means and means which do not violate the terms of service. To this end indeed enchantment stones, stigma enchantment stones, daevanion skill books must be made more available in order to promote player growth both in numbers and paying customers.
It's not that these players are stupid, but they have no idea how to properly utilize alts or other game mechanics towards their advantage, and even more so some of these players may not even have the time to do so even if they wanted to.
That's a nice generalization, but p2w players are the same if not worse when it comes to game knowledge. The f2p players have always been the better players in general.
And what you're saying again, is playing this game like a full time job, to not even get close to someone with money that pays, and can get what you farmed for months in one day. That is a big issue and a reason most people stay away from it, outside this Aion bubble of course, just go on other MMO communities and bring the topic of Aion and you'll see.
Quote from Kegi
There was battle medal gear that was somewhat fast to get and made you atleast somewhat relevant in pvp
That's because even in 4.* the game was still good. Everything made sense, what you did in game. Besides the accessory enchanting, it still felt fair and rewarding. Your time was rewarded, there were goals. Items had more value, some items had actual rarity (not you get a dark dragon, you get a dark dragon, everyone gets a dark dragon weapon).
SWB was amazing, you had Runadium which was fun, you had Katalamize. There was a huge sense of community.
But the most important aspect, there were less, for lack of a better word, p2w elements. All you had to do is enchant your accessories to +5, get your armor/weapon to +10 and you could compete with anyone.
Having 2 Star set +15 vs +10 wasn't that big of a difference.
Today you have way too many elements that you need to cover before you can do anything. I still believe transformations are the biggest mistake in Aion, the crafting scrolls system was infinitely better. Not to mention the other 5+ gacha game type of elements that there are now, the kinah change etc.
2. So still imo, the best way is to try to invent ways to help ppl come back to the game, ways that doesn't feed too much of the old players that already have their gear, but ways that make new ppl catch up atleast a little bit.
That can easily be done, however at what cost? To Gameforge, at the cost of profit. As long as they keep resources low, they'll have high value when they add them to cash shop or "promo" events.
Wouldn't it be amazing if you could get somewhat to end game gear within let's say 2 months, get to pick your Legendary transformation? But then Gameforge can't sell you Legendary Transformation in p2w events.
Also to note, Gameforge does not care about their reputation, see what they did tot Metin 2 recently, just google it. So I am at maybe 1% hope that they will actually change things towards the better and make an effort, so far all the "change projects" they had have turned to nothing.
And if they change something it will most likely be from a Korea change, in a future patch.
Amd keep your personal Discord drama out of this topic, I don't wanna read that.
I don't think it's possible to "save" Aion. You cannot save a building that was built on straws. I'll give my opinion from an outside perspective, fundamentally the game does not work in 2019/2020. Not because the game isn't good, but because of how they monetize the game.
Back when Gameforge took over, "f2p" was a relatively new thing, there were less MMO options and the f2p model they promised wasn't as bad as it is today. This model they have today does not work in this day and age, period. There are too many fair, free games. Actually f2p and better designed. And Aion also degenerated, with Gameforge pushing the boundaries of pay power gradually. Korea is part of the blame also.
When you can use events or cash shop towards your advantage to progress insanely faster than a normal player, you're giving the advantage to people who are rich in real life.
If you live in Ukraine and you're playing Aion VS someone from Norway who can pay 1000$ a month to get max'ed out gear, you have no chance. You can play for months to years before you even get close to getting what they can get Maybe that Ukrainian player can afford a gold pack per month, a subscription fee, but paying thousands is out of the question.
If most games can run off a one time purchase or a 10/15$ monthly fee plan, and have zero pay power/p2w, why can't Aion? I understand money is great, wow, such profit, but at what cost? Well, you're seeing the repercussions of that today. It took a few years to get here, but here it is.
There's a lot of key, mandatory things a game needs to have in order to be enjoyable. The topic is too big to fit on this forum. But one of those things is progression, goals, the feeling of being rewarded, that your time was well spent. Aion doesn't have that.
I have played since 2.5 and what I'm about to say still stands today. The fastest/best way to progress is to create as many alts (max level these days) as possible. Make 3 accounts, full of alts. And wait, wait for an event.
Maybe you'll play for 6-7 months, and if you're lucky you can get a thing here or there that boosts you, a legendary transformation. But when a worth while event comes that's when you can progress in 2 weeks what you couldn't in months/years. You cannot play this game on a single character as a f2p/ maybe pay for gold pack and that's it user. If you're playing on one character, you're probably never going to catch up to end game players, unless you pay a lot.
This isn't fun, and it's borderline exploiting events. You'll play for 12 hours a day to do this, and you won't even catch up to someone who has money to throw in cash shop/events.
I know partly NcSoft is to blame, they've introduced and added too many systems purposefully to be monetized, every patch brought up a new type of grind/enchant that ey, coincidentally you can also get in cash shop or events.
Aion had a good simplicity that worked very well before. Things made sense, what you logged in to farm made sense. You felt rewarded, there was more PvP, there was better PvE (in 4.*).
To end this rant, only Korea can save Aion. Gameforge is so limited in what they can do, as you can see every patch it takes them 3-4 months to "fix" it for western people, during which many people usually leave. That's too long to make a game playable.
Disagree all you want, maybe I am wrong, but a 2.7/3.*/4.* server would be more popular than any server today, if done well, with proper monetization.
Or wait for Korea to fix Aion, maybe they can have Aion 0 - The Reset and push the button and re-create the game from 0 because that's what it needs.


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Q: My looping code in prolog won't work with the rest of my code I am working on a school assignment where I have to find the smallest hitting set of a list of lists. Right now I am working on finding all the hitting sets before I narrow it down to the smallest one. I implemented a way for my code to find out if two lists have at least one number in common. To my knowledge it works as intended by itself but whenever I try to connect it to the main part of my code it won't work or runs indefinitely. Any help would be appreciated.
Minimal, Reproducible Example:
This code has been made in a way that it will return true anytime a two arrays have at least one number that intersects between the two. I have tested this code and to my knowledge it works as intended. The first result back is always correct when I tested it.
checkForIntersection([],[]):- false.
checkForIntersection([Head|Tail],[Head2|Tail2]):-
  Head = Head2;
  checkForIntersection(Tail,[Head2|Tail2]);
  checkForIntersection([Head|Tail],Tail2).

This part of the code is where I believe an error occurs. I have an AnswerSet as the list that I want to check for intersections. The [Check|NextCheck] is a list of lists and I want to check each of them against the AnswerSet. I loop through it until the [Check|NextCheck] is empty. The issue is that when I call it the results I get is an infinite amount of trues even if the answer should be false.
loopThroughListOfLists(CheckListsAgenstThisList,[]).
loopThroughListOfLists(CheckListsAgenstThisList,[ListToCheck|NextListToCheck]):-
   checkForIntersection(ListToCheck,CheckListsAgenstThisList),
   loopThroughListOfLists(CheckListsAgenstThisList,NextListToCheck).

loopCheck([3],[[1], [1], [3], [4], [4]]). This is one of the cases I used to test my code with. Instead of returning false it returns an infinite amount of trues whenever I test it.
Thank you so much for reading, I am sorry if this is a really stupid question, I am really struggling with Prolog.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Dacetini — ранее выделявшаяся триба мелких муравьёв из подсемейства Myrmicinae (Formicidae). С 1892 года в неё включалось около 800 видов. В 2014 году была включена в состав расширенной трибы Attini. По другим данным, частично это родовая группа Daceton genus-group в её составе.

Распространение
Пантропика.

Описание
Мелкие почвенные муравьи (большинство 1—3 мм; род Daceton до 10 мм) с сердцевидной головой, расширенной кзади. Мандибулы двух типов: длинные с 2—3 апикальными зубцами (Orectognathus, Strumigenys) или короткие треугольные с многочисленными зубцами (Pyramica). Усики 4—6 члениковые. Специализированные охотники на коллембол. Гнёзда в почве, под корнями, в мёртвых ветвях. Семьи малочисленные (до 100 рабочих). Известны социальные паразиты, например вид .

Систематика
Триба Dacetini впервые была выделена в 1892 году швейцарским мирмекологом Огюстом Форелем. Включала более 800 видов, в том числе около 300 видов, ранее входивших в состав рода Pyramica. В 2014 году триба Dacetini признана парафилетичной, а её роды были включены в состав расширенной трибы Attini. Род Strumigenys сближают с родами Phalacromyrmex и Pilotrochus (из бывшей трибы Phalacromyrmecini) и их вместе с кладой из родов бывшей трибы Basicerotini, а остальные рода Dacetini выделены в родовую группу Daceton genus-group, близкую к муравьям-грибководами Atta genus-group из Attini s.str. (в старом узком составе).
 Триба Dacetini
 Подтриба Dacetiti
 Род Acanthognathus
 Род Daceton
 Подтриба Orectognathiti
 Род Orectognathus
 Подтриба Epopostrumiti
 Род Colobostruma
 Род Epopostruma
 Род Mesostruma
 Род Microdaceton
 Подтриба Strumigeniti
 Род Pyramica (=Epitritus, Trichoscapa и др.)
 Род Strumigenys (=Quadristruma)
 другие (из бывшей трибы Phalacromyrmecini)
 Род Ishakidris
 Род Phalacromyrmex
 Род Pilotrochus

Синонимия
Синонимами Dacetini (Dacetonini) являются таксоны Basicerotini, Dacetiti и Phalacromyrmecini. В 2007 году было предложено синонимизировать почти все рода трибы Dacetini (включая второй крупнейший род Pyramica) с родом Strumigenys (Baroni Urbani & de Andrade, 2007). Это изменение первоначально не нашло поддержки у некоторых мирмекологов. Поэтому ниже для сравнения приводятся все синонимы для двух близких родов:

 Род Strumigenys
 Labidogenys Roger, 1862
 Proscopomyrmex Patrizi, 1946
 Eneria Donisthorpe, 1948
 Quadristruma Brown, 1949

 Род Pyramica Roger, 1862
 Cephaloxys Smith, F. 1865
 Epitritus Emery, 1869
 Trichoscapa Emery, 1869
 Pentastruma Forel, 1912
 Glamyromyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1915
 Codiomyrmex Wheeler, W.M. 1916
 Tingimyrmex Mann, 1926
 Codioxenus Santschi, 1931
 Dorisidris Brown, W.L. 1948
 Miccostruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Neostruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Serrastruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Smithistruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Weberistruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Wessonistruma Brown, W.L. 1948
 Kyidris Brown, W.L. 1949
 Chelystruma Brown, W.L. 1950
 Polyhomoa Azuma, 1950
 Borgmeierita Brown, W.L. 1953
 Platystruma Brown, W.L. 1953
 Dysedrognathus Taylor, R.W. 1968
 Asketogenys Brown, W.L. 1972
 Cladarogenys Brown, W.L. 1976

Примечания

Литература
 Brown W. L., Jr. 1948. A preliminary generic revision of the higher Dacetini. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 74: 101—129.
 Brown W. L., Jr. 1953. Revisionary studies in the ant tribe Dacetini. American Midland Naturalist 50: 1—137.
 Brown W. L., Jr.; Wilson, E. O. 1959: The Evolution of the Dacetine Ants. // The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 34, No. 4 (Dec., 1959). pp. 278—294.
 Baroni Urbani & De Andrade. 2007: The ant tribe Dacetini: Limits and constituent genera, with descriptions of new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria (Genova), 99: 1-191.

Ссылки
 Dacetini на сайте tolweb.org
Мирмицины

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Tall Bridge Gives the Perspective of an Impossible Slope
The Eshima Ohashi Bridge is the largest rigid-frame bridge in Japan that connects Matsue, Shimane and Sakaiminato, Tottori over Nakaumi lake. It is known by the nickname of 'Betabumizaka.' As far as bridges go, it does have a fairly steep slope of 6.1%, but from the side, the roadway looks a lot less terrifying. Located in the Chukogu region of Honshu, this bridge is the largest rigid frame bridge in Japan and even the third largest in the world, according to NY Daily News.
RELATED: RUSSIA'S $1 BILLION USELESS BRIDGE
If you've contracted gephyrophobia, or the fear of bridges (yes that's a thing), from just looking at this roadway, then you wouldn't be alone. The main reason this bridge is sloped so steeply is to allow large ships to pass under the roadway with ease. Driving up and down this roadway in harsh weather really doesn't seem like something you would want to do, but engineers appear to have designed the drainage system well enough to enable necessary traction.
Photos taken head-on of the bridge show all of the vertical climb in one picture, without demonstrating the distance the road has traveled to decrease in elevation. This effect ultimately makes the drive seem a lot more scary, and a little more impossible.
Some photos of this bridge even suggest that it has a 45˚ slope, which is all just visual trickery. What do you think? Would you drive across this scary looking bridge now know that you know that it is safe, or is your fear of heights and maybe even bridges going to stop you from making the trip?
Watch the video: 10 Most Dangerous Places On Earth (January 2022).
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Redevelopment opportunity in Tahoe City
Placer County offers rare redevelopment opportunity in the heart of Tahoe City
Placer County is offering a rare opportunity to reinvent the Tahoe City firehouse properties, just steps away from Commons Beach in North Lake Tahoe.
The county has released a request for information document inviting experienced mixed-use development firms and other interested parties to submit letters of interest for a long-term lease and the reuse development concept for the Tahoe City firehouse properties. Respondents are expected to detail their experience and vision for a reuse development project consistent with community goals and area plans.
Located in the heart of Tahoe City, the property presents a unique project setting with access to outstanding recreation and proximity to the Tahoe City town center, transit hubs, bike trails, ski resorts, marinas and residential communities.
The county-owned Tahoe City firehouse properties include three buildings: the former North Tahoe Fire Station 51, Tahoe Community Center building and the former visitor center building.
The county and community have a strong interest in realizing the future uses of the site based on extensive community outreach efforts conducted earlier this year.
Through a series of community workshops held in the spring and summer of 2017, county staff and stakeholders developed a list of guiding principles to be used as the basis for the development of any project. Some of these principles include: creating a new space for bringing people together; providing economic return to the community and county; improving water quality and scenic conditions; being financially sustainable and providing flexible space allowing a variety of uses depending on time of year or day. The county and community have a strong interest in realizing the future uses of the site based on the above mentioned community outreach efforts.
"We are excited to see how this redevelopment opportunity will complement Tahoe City's vibrant downtown experience for residents and visitors alike," said JT Chevallier, executive director of the Tahoe City Downtown Association.
The RFI provides a description of the property, submittal information and requirements, and an explanation of evaluation criteria and next steps. Additionally, the RFI packet includes a summary of community input and initial design concepts developed by a team of local, volunteer architects during a one-day charrette. It is the county's and submittal review committee's desire to select proposal concepts that are consistent with community feedback as well as local area plans.
Prospective developers will have two opportunities to visit the Tahoe City firehouse properties guided by county staff, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m. on Nov. 21 and 10 a.m. - 2 p.m. on Nov. 29. Both open house tours will take place at the property located at 300 North Lake Boulevard, Tahoe City. Attendance is voluntary; interested parties are not required to attend.
The deadline for the RFI is 5 p.m. on Dec. 15. Review background materials and review the RFI.
For further information regarding the project RFI, please contact senior project manager, Suzy Vose, at 530-886-4950 or by email.
Photos of the Tahoe City firehouse properties, including aerial images, are available online.
Employment Services success stories
"Paint Placer Orange" event
Fifth annual Employee Art Show
Museums to exhibit Christmas traditions
Phasing out of 20-ride bus pass
$20 million in court-ordered debt written off
Secondary dwelling unit ordinance update
Winter parking restrictions
County staff assist Sonoma
A home for the holidays
Volunteers needed for tax assistance


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India decides to bring back 'asymptomatic' Indians stranded abroad
India
admin June 22, 2021 1 min read
The government of India has made a detailed plan to bring back Indians stranded abroad due to the coronavirus pandemic outbreak. The central government will start bringing them back from May 7 in a phased manner.
While the central government has said that the return of Indian citizens stranded would be arranged by both aircraft and naval ships. This would be one of the biggest airlift operations ever.
India had banned all international flights to India on March 22 to curb COVID-19 spread. The facility will be offered on a "payment basis".
The government stated in official guidelines say all passengers will be screened before they board, and only asymptomatic passengers would be allowed to travel.
"On reaching the destination, everyone would have to register on the Aarogya Setu app. Everyone would be medically screened. After scrutiny, they would be quarantined for 14 days, either in a hospital or in an institutional quarantine on payment-basis." the government said.
After the 14-day institutional quarantine, everyone would also have to undergo a Covid-19 test, the state governments have asked to make arrangements for their testing and quarantine facility.
According to the ministry, Indian Embassies and High Commissions are preparing a list of distressed Indian citizens.
Previous People's Bank Of China acquires 1% stake in HDFC; Rahul Gandhi warns Govt
Next What is Tablighi Jamaat ? 24 attendees test Positive for COVID-19
Covid-19: CBSE postponed 10th & 12th Board Examinations till 31st March.
PM Modi says sacrifice won't be forgotten
What is Tablighi Jamaat ? 24 attendees test Positive for COVID-19


Dominion Funds - Is 2017 the year of the Millennial blues?
Is 2017 the year of the Millennial blues?
According to most polls taken, the Millennial generation is the most positive generation on the planet right now. Or at least, it used to be. Insurance and Investment firm Country Financial Group, conducted an annual financial security index in the days following the American election, and found that usually cheery Millennials are down in the dumps.
The survey showed that 18-34 year olds were the only generation to predict an economic downturn in 2017. This might not strike you as a positive fact, but the upside, of course, is that every other generation polled was optimistic for the New Year (hey – 3 out of 4 ain't bad, right?).
It's also true that the survey may be unreliable when it comes to Millennials due to bad timing. That generation overwhelmingly supported Hillary Clinton for President, and in the days after her loss, there's good reason to believe that Millennials were just in a bad mood – that mood could well have lifted by now.
Amongst the people polled, it was the older respondents who felt most strongly that 2017 would bring great things. Over-65s were hugely positive; over-50s, relatively so.
However, timing or otherwise, the survey also demonstrated that Millennials have long term concerns about their lot in life, with around 33% of them worrying that they'll never have enough money to retire, 29% feeling unsure about being able to pay off their debts, and about 50% saying they hadn't set any money aside in savings or investments.
What sets Royal Caribbean's Anthem of the Seas apart?


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Mixtape: J Money - The Medication (Hosted by DJ Scream & DJ Holiday)
By GreenHitz.com, May 29, 2013 in General
GreenHitz.com
Record Breaker
Atlanta rapper, J Money, formerly known as J Futuristic, was born in Atlanta, Georgia on August 5, 1985. He was one of four children raised in a single-parent home in the projects. During his youth he was in and out of trouble and detentions centers.
He first got started as a rapper with the Black Migo Gang group, which included Future and Young Scooter. J Money is known for his hit, "First Name, Last Name". Last year he was shot six times while preparing a video shoot for his new single, "Hold Up". The gunfire came without warning. J Money was shot in his calf, arm, back and leg. "[They] just started coming from everywhere," he told RapFix. "Like a hundred shots. It just came from everywhere, man. It was crazy. It was a nightmare."
J Money, who changed his name in 2008, felt that his new single, "Hold Up," was a potential turning point in his career as it underscored his mindset of separating his music from the streets. Jtakes his survival as a sign of God's way to develop his character. He feels he is called to keep going with his music. "I'm here for music, so that's what I'm going to do till I die. And God ain't ready for me to die," he said. "I just want to touch people through my music and put out a positive message."
While still recovering, J is currently working on a new mixed tape, The Medication. The mixed tape is noe available for download hosted by DJ Scream and DJ Holiday on Livemixtapes.
Follow @Jmoney_Sauce on twitter!
Download J Money - The Medication


Our Cotton Candy 7 piece grooming kit was designed to be a completely inclusive kit that has everything you need to maintain your short or long haired dog! This kit not only includes a variety of brushes designed to maintain your dog's fur, but also nail clippers so you can trim your pets nails and prevent painful overgrowth, and a double headed toothbrush. This kit makes a great gift and is ideal for those who are adopting or buying a new puppy or dog. This kit was designed to make maintaining your pets' coat as easy as possible by including key tools needed to remove shed hair and detangle the coat. This kit also includes a double-headed pet toothbrush so that you can clean your dog's teeth with ease. Our unique dual head design makes it easy to ensure you're brushing both sides of your dog's teeth! This kit not only includes a high-quality assortment of grooming tools, but a waist apron for easy tool storage while you groom your pet. We're also giving away a free, organic, dyeless jute tug toy with every grooming kit!
THE PERFECT GIFT - our cotton candy colored grooming kits are a great gift for almost any dog owner who is looking for an attractive, matching, and easy to store set of grooming supplies. This kit also includes a free organic cotton jute tug toy for your pet!
AVAILABLE IN TWO COLORS - these sets are available in matching Cotton Candy Pink or Blue to best suit your taste.
A HIGH-QUALITY AND DURABLE SET - this set is made of high-quality and durable parts that are guaranteed to last, such as sturdy metal bristles on our brushes and slickers.
FOR SHORT OR LONG HAIRED DOGS - these kits were designed to include tools that will work well for both short haired and long haired dogs, making these kits perfect for multi-dog or multi-breed households.
INCLUDES 7 ITEMS - this kit includes a waist apron that easily holds all of your grooming tools, a double sided grooming brush, a self cleaning slicker brush, a flea comb, a medium deshedding brush, pet nail clippers, a double headed pet toothbrush, and a free organic jute tug toy!


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Facebook to show higher revenues in Q3 despite legal backlash – Stock Market News
Posted on October 30, 2019 at 11:24 am GMT
Christina Parthenidou, XM Investment Research Desk
Facebook Inc. is in a tough battle with regulatory authorities and central banks around the world like no other company as its large size and its recent malpractices in data protection stand as a barrier in developing new products. Despite that, the social giant which releases financial results for the third quarter after the market close on Wednesday is expected to prove its resilience once again as its stock does on Wall Street.
Legal troubles challenge future projects
Having paid a $5 billion settlement with the Federal Trade Commission following the Cambridge Analytica data privacy scandal in 2018 and later facing additional antitrust probes, it is difficult for Facebook to regain Congressional trust on new ideas, especially if that means influence in the currency system. Zuckerberg set the alarm in the banking sector after surprisingly announcing the launch of its Libra cryptocurrency as early as in June 2020, with central bankers and regulators strongly opposing the idea as the digital currency that will be backed by a reserve of main currencies could disrupt monetary control and enhance money laundering not only in the US but also globally given the Company's massive user base and the fast transaction feature of digital currencies.
Indeed, unless Facebook addresses its data security and other social failures and provides efficient solutions, it will struggle to obtain any regulatory approval for its new projects, including the recent news app, something the US Congress clearly messaged last week, even threatening to shut the social media platform. On Wednesday, however, Facebook will prove it has enough financial power to keep fighting any legal barrier despite some softness in Q3 numbers.
Earnings expectations
In the third quarter, daily active users are expected to have increased to 1.61 billion from 1.59bln in the previous quarter, marking a yearly increase of 8.1%, while monthly users are forecast to have risen to 2.44bln from 2.41bln, registering an annual growth of 7.6%.
Revenues are forecast to keep the upward direction and reach $17.3bln in the three months to September, which is 26.5% up on a yearly basis and almost 3.0% higher than in the preceding quarter. Analysts predict another remarkable pickup in the next quarter, with the Company generating $70.2bln by the end of the year, 27% stronger than in 2018 thanks to income from advertisement and demand in the US and Canada.
On the negative side, earnings per share are said to have inched down to $1.91 from $1.99 but to stand 8.5% up on a yearly basis.
Technical levels to watch
Despite the legal controversies, the Company, which owns the popular Instagram and WhatsApp as well is still trusted by its users and is invaluable to advertisers who want to reach customers through famous social platforms where more than a third of the global population visits consistently during the day. Facebook's stock performance on Wall Street reflects that. Despite easing in the third quarter the stock remains elevated since the end of 2018, maintaining the long-term uptrend and outperforming the broader S&P 500 index. A stronger than expected outcome on Wednesday could see the stock retesting the 191.50-195.00 resistance area, while in case the data disappoint, the focus will shift to the 182-177.00 support zone.
In terms of competition, besides the money market, Facebook is pushing efforts to expand in other areas too. In September, it agreed to buy the 4-year old CTRL-labs company that develops a bracelet which allows consumers to control computers with their minds, while in November it will start shipping its Portal TV along with its Portal and Portal Mini screens. Moreover, in partnership with Disney's ESPN Division, exclusive shows, and other videos will be available on Facebook Watch, while it is also expected to provide sports video content, adding some pressure to Twitter and Amazon.
Facebookstocks
Will US stocks rock the boat in 2020? – Special Report
January 16, 2020 at 1:42 pm GMT
Technical Analysis – Japan 225 index stalls ahead of 14-month peak of 24,162
Technical Analysis – Apple stock hits another record in exponential uptrend
Technical Analysis – Alcoa stock exits from ascending triangle; lacks direction
Technical Analysis – JPMorgan stock hovers below record high; bullish in medium-term


Michaela Conlin (born June 9, 1978) is an American actress, best Michaela Conlin. Created by. Hart Hanson. First Appearance. Oct 30, 2007 Directed by Marita Grabiak. With Emily Deschanel, David Boreanaz, Michaela Conlin, Eric Millegan. The discovery of two mummified girls has Booth and Bones checking a fun house, a Halloween maze and a church charity for clues that may lead them to a missing girl whose parents believe she's dead.
Mummy in the Maze is the fifth episode of the third season of Bones. At a Halloween hay maze, an announcer tells a bunch of dressedup kids whoever gets to the end first wins the grand prize. He starts the race, and one kid named Matty is shown getting lost in the maze. He runs into a mummy and Oct 29, 2007 No, it's the first Bones Halloween episode, which was definitely a good thing for series star Emily Deschanel, (LR) Emily Deschanel, Michaela Conlin and David Boreanaz in Bones.
Michaela Conlin is an American stage and television actress, best known for her work as Angela Montenegro on the Fox TV series Bones. Conlin was born and raised in Allentown, Pennsylvania. She was born to a Chinese mother and an Irish father. Michaela Conlin, Actress: Bones. Michaela Conlin was born on June 9, 1978 in Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA. She is an actress, known for Emily Deschanel, David Boreanaz, Michaela Conlin We also get to see Bones dressed up in her iconic Halloween costume, and her relationship with her father is further explored.


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This Is Dumb No Matter Who Says It
It's the kind of thing Trump says, but more than that there is no "most qualified" and saying it makes voters roll their eyes (as they should).
"I think I'm the most qualified person in the country to be president. The issues that we face as a country today are the issues that I've worked on my whole life — the plight of the middle class and foreign policy," Biden told an audience in Montana, according to the Missoula Current. "But my family and I need to decide as a unit whether we're ready — we do everything as a family."


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Reuters Odd News Summary
Following is a summary of current odd news briefs.
China's top paper goes to town with "sexy" North Korea's
BEIJING (Reuters) - China's top newspaper went to town on
Tuesday with a 55-page online picture spread of North Korean
leader Kim Jong-un being named The Onion's "Sexiest Man Alive
for 2012", appearing to fall for a spoof by the U.S. satirical
website. Seemingly clueless as to the real nature of The
Onion's tongue-in-cheek award for Kim, the People's Daily
splashed full-page photographs of the portly young leader
riding horses, clapping his hands, waving and clasping
children's cheeks on his tours around North Korea.
Gimme shelter and light therapy at Swedish bus stops
STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - Commuters in the northern Swedish
town of Umea are being treated to ultra-violet light therapy as
the long, dark winter for which the Nordic state is renowned
draws in. Energy company Umea Energi has decided to install
ultra-violet lights at about 30 bus stops for people, which
will be in place for the next three weeks.
Japan school trains wannabe "Santa-sans"
TOKYO (Reuters) - Magic tricks and straight answers are all
part of being Santa in Japan - at least according to Tokyo's
Santa Claus Academy, which trains St. Nicks in a country with
little Christian tradition and a Christmas that's far more
retail than religion. On a recent weekend, 88 Santa wannabes
packed the school in Tokyo's fashionable Roppongi district for
a crash course in how to behave as "Santa-san," as the man in
red is known in Japan.
World's first toilet park flush with success in Korea
SUWON, South Korea (Reuters) - Rodin's Thinker is pondering
even harder than usual as he sits astride a toilet at what has
been dubbed the world's first theme park dedicated to the
humble restroom - a monument to one South Korean man's vision.
The park, located about an hour outside of Seoul in the city of
Suwon - otherwise known as the home of Samsung Electronics -
centers around a toilet-shaped museum building that was once
the home of Sim Jae-duck, founder and first president of the
World Toilet Association.
South Korean church to end car venture with North: source
SEOUL (Reuters) - One of the more bizarre joint ventures in
car-making is set to come to an end following the death of the
head of South Korea's Unification Church which it is to give
its stake in the Pyeonghwa Motors operation to North Korea.
Pyeonghwa, which produces models based on ageing Fiat SpA
designs as well as those of Brilliance China
Automotive Holdings <1114.HK>, is the sole carmaker in isolated
North Korea, although few of its impoverished citizens are able
to afford its products.
Police probe how Romney security data became NYC parade
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Police are investigating how shredded
documents revealing confidential information, including details
about Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney's
motorcade, wound up as confetti on a Manhattan sidewalk during
the annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. Bits of shredded
paper from the Nassau County Police Department could still be
found on Monday afternoon in the cracks of the sidewalks along
Central Park, according to Saul Finkelstein, the eyewitness who
first alerted authorities to the problem.
Grandfather takes China by storm - as women's fashion model
GUANGZHOU, China (Reuters) - Liu Qianping was visiting his
24-year-old granddaughter in the southern Chinese city of
Guangzhou recently when the women's clothes the aspiring
fashion entrepreneur was packing into boxes caught his eye. His
visit came as the model that granddaughter Lu Ting and four
friends had booked for a photo shoot to promote their online
fashion business suddenly canceled, dealing a setback to their
new venture.
Three from California family drown in ocean trying to save
SAN FRANCISCO (Reuters) - A California mother and father
and their 16-year-old son were swept out to sea over the
weekend after a deadly chain of events set off when the
teenager jumped into frigid waters to save the family dog from
turbulent Pacific Ocean waves. The dog escaped on his own from
the water off the Northern California coast. But Howard
Kuljian, 50, and Mary Scott, 54, of Eureka died while their
16-year-old son, Gregory Kuljian, remained lost at sea, said
Deputy Ariel Gruenthal of the Humboldt County Coroner's office.
U.S. chefs' solution for invading Frankenfish? Eat 'em
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The northern snakehead is known as
"Frankenfish" and "rattlesnakes with fins," and some chefs say
one way to stop the predatory, fast-spreading fish is obvious -
with a fork. With a reputation as fearsome as its name, the
voracious snakehead fish has intruded throughout much of the
Potomac River basin in Virginia and Maryland in the last
decade, snapping up anything that gets in front of it.


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RDMS Home
Radiative Heat Transfer in the Chemically Reactive Unsteady MHD Squeezed Flow of Second Order Fluid with Heat Source
Siddiqui AM1, Maqbool K2, Ayesha Sohail3 and Mann AB4*
1Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, USA
2Department of Mathematics & Statistics, International Islamic University, Pakistan
3Department of Mathematics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
4Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: Mann AB, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Near Zero Point, G-7/1, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Submission: December 10, 2017; Published: March 27, 2018
DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2018.04.000598
Numerical Solution
Numerical Results and Discussion
This study investigates the radiative heat and mass transfer effects on squeezed flow of unsteady MHD second order fluid with heat source and chemical reaction. This study is carried out between two parallel circular plates under the assumption of axisymmetric squeezed flow. Similarity transform method is used to reduce the system of partial differential equation (PDE's) into the system of ordinary differential equations (ODE's). Advanced Collocation Method is used to find the solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations for velocity profile, pressure distribution, and temperature and concentration field. Effects of pertinent physical parameters on the computational results for the radial and axial velocity, pressure distrinution, and temperature and concentration profile are presented via graphs. The shear stress, heat transfer rate and mass transfer rate on the upper wall are also shown by the help of graphs.
Keywords: Heat source; Chemical reaction; Thermal radiation; Advanced collocation method, Second order fluid; MHD squeezing flow
Nomenclature: B: Total Magnetic Field; J: Current Density; M: Hartmann Number; P: Pressure; Q: Heat Source Parameter; R: Chemical Reaction Parameter; R: Chemical Reaction Parameter; S: Squeezed Number; Pr: Prandtl Number; Rd: Radiation Parameter; Sh: Local Sherwood Number; Sc: Schmidt Number; h(t): Speed of the Upper Plate; u, w: Velocity Components; r, z: Cylindrical polar coordinates; t: Time; ϕ: Dimensionless Concentration; Ƞ: Similarity Variable; ɵ: Dimensionless Temperature; α1¬, α2: Second Grade Fluid Parameters; ϒ: Thermal Slip Parameter
It is a critical issue of modern world to develop the new techniques for renewable energy. The main sources of renewable energy are solar energy, hydropower, fossil fuel and wind. The heat and electric energies can be produced by the natural source in the form of solar radiation and solar powers. Moreover, radioactive heat transfer play a vital role in science and technology such as heating and cooling chamber, rivers, canals, dams, food processing, textile engineering and many other industrial processes. Many researchers [1- 5] are developing new energy sources and technologies of renewable energy. In addition, most of the computer system and electrical powers dissipate the heat energy therefore heat source and sink are important for the reliable performance of electronic operators. For a number of heat source/sink problems studies are investigated by a number of researchers [6,7]. Chemical engineering requires new techniques consisting of material manufacture and polymers in bioreactors in medical biotechnology.
The dynamics of biofluids exhibit the characteristics of thermofluid for which the mass transfer is the vital agent of bioreactor design. The fluid dynamics of such system shows the heat and mass transfer effects in confined boundaries such as fire dynamics, fuel cells and solar cell technologies. Effect of chemical reaction and heat source on heat and mass transfer have been discussed by various investigators, e.g. Muthucumaraswamy et al. [8,9] studied the unsteady upward flow of viscous fluid with chemical reaction and heat source on an isothermal and oscillating plate. Saxena SS & Dubey GK [10] discussed the effect of heat and mass transfer for the flow of viscoelastic fluid with heat source, thermal radiation and slip boundary conditions. Ibrahim et al. [11,12] discussed the impact of heat source and chemical reaction on viscous fluid passed through a porous regime with Joule heating and viscous dissipation later he has extended these effects on unsteady MHD flow of viscoelastic fluid. Noreen SA et al. [13] discussed the radiative heat and chemically reactive mass transfer of MHD peristaltic flow of Maxwell fluid in a symmetric channel through a porous medium. The work of Hayat et al. [14] analyzed the unsteady axisymmetric squeezed flow of Jeffrey fluid between parallel plates under the radiation effect. The heat and mass transfer analysis of MHD second grade fluid in the presence of thermal radiation and diffusion is carried out by Olajuwon et al. [15]. Recently, group theoretical method to study the similarity solution of convective heat and mass transfer flow for MHD Newtonian fluid with convective boundary conditions is studied by Rashidi et al. [16,17] also studied thermal convective boundary conditions and hydrodynamic slip conditions of convective heat and mass transfer flow along a plate kept in vertical direction.
Squeeze flows may observe between two parallel rectangular or circular plates; however the squeeze motion depends on the geometry of the surface. In squeeze flows solid or liquid is compressed between two disks and is thus squeezed out. Squeeze flows are investigated in different field of research e.g. geophysics, material science, biotechnology, engineering science and fluid mechanics.
In 1874 Stefan et al. [18] first considered reverse squeeze flows for the Newtonian fluid, later in 1886, Reynolds [19] obtained the results for the predictable squeezed flow for the Navier Stokes equation under the lubrication approximation. Scott [20] extended the Reynolds' idea for the non-Newtonian fluid showing the shear thinning and thickening effects for the creeping flow. It is analyzed from the literature review that analytic solutions for axisymmetric and plane squeezed flow for viscous and viscoelastic fluids are discussed by various researchers [21-29]. In addition some other researchers studied the thermo dynamic effects of squeezed flow like Khaled & Vafai [30] discussed heat transfer effect for the squeezed flow of viscous fluid on a sensor surface. Mahmood et al. [31] presented heat transfer analysis of squeezed flow on a porous surface. Squeezed flow and heat transfer analysis between two plates was considered by Duwairi et al. [32]. Recently, Mustafa et al. [33] addressed the heat and mass transfer of squeezing flow of Newtonian fluid through a rectangular channel. Khan et al. [34] has compared the analytic solution of viscous fluid for the axisymmetric flow in a slip regime. Ganji et al. [35] discussed the analytic solution of squeezed flow with magnetic effects between two porous plates by Homotopy analysis method, he has also compared the results for suction and blowing cases by Homotopy perturbation method.
The broad aim of present work is to analyze the radiative heat and mass transfer flow of MHD second order fluid between two parallel discs with chemical reaction and heat source subjected to squeezing system. The similarity transform method is used to transform the system of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Numerical technique (Advanced collocation Method) is used to solve the ordinary differential equations governing the fluid flow, pressure distribution, concentration and temperature profile.
Let us consider an unsteady axis symmetric squeezing flow of second order fluid between two parallel circular plates moving with speed
and distance between both plate is
where is the characteristic time parameter. A constant magnetic
is applied transverse to the plates. The induced magnetic field can be neglected due to the small magnetic Reynold's number. The plates move symmetrically about radial direction while flow is axisymmetric about the axial direction. The temperature and mass concentration on the lower plate are T0 and C0 while Th and Ch are temperature and concentration on the upper plate as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1:Schematics diagram of the problem.
The governing mass, momentum, energy and diffusion laws for second order/grade fluid can be stated as
divV = 0, (1)
The B.C's on velocity, temperature and concentration profile are
where is the radial velocity, w is the axial velocity, C and are the concentration and temperature profile respectively.ρ , μ, σ , κ , Dm Qand R are the density of the fluid, viscosity of the fluid, electrical conductivity, thermal diffusivity, diffusivity constant, heat source parameter and chemical reaction parameter respectively.
are second order/grade fluid parameters, 1 A is the first RivlinEricksen tensor J is the current density ε is the electric field and due to no polarization effect E = 0, σ is the Stefan constant and km mean absorption coefficient and γ ∗ is thermal slip parameter.
Let us define following parameters
In view of equation (10) the governing laws and boundary conditions in Eqs.(1)-(9) reduce to
subject to the B.C's
In order to find the pressure distribution using Eq. (10) in Eqs. (2)-(5), we get the following expression
where P is the modified pressure and P0 is the reference pressure.
The pressure on the upper plate is given in the following form
The important characteristics of velocity, heat and mass transfer are the skin friction coefficients , cfrh Nusselt number Nu and Sherwood number Sh and are defined as follows
The wall shear stress, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number in non-dimensional form are given by the following expressions
in which
denotes the local Reynolds number, Cfr is the skin friction coefficient at the upper plate, Nur is the heat transfer rate on the upper plate and Shr is the mass concentration rate on the upper plate.
We have successfully transformed the governing partial differential equations (PDE's) to ordinary differential equations (ODE's) with the use of similarity transform method. We have solved the transformed equations (11-14) subject to boundary conditions in Eq. (14) numerically using an advanced collocation method. This mathod is useful because, it reduces the nth order differential equation(s) into first order differential equations, thus reducing the computational cost on a large domain with small step size and a range of parameters. We have simplified the system of equations (11-14) using the Modified Collocation Method (CM). The use of polynomial or piecewise polynomial collocation spaces for the approximate solution of BVP has its origin in the 1930s. Khater et al. [38] much later elaborated a spectral collocation method (SCM) based on differentiated Chebyshev polynomials to find numerical solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE's). They reduced the nonlinear equations to the system of ordinary differential equations and solved by Runge--Kutta Method of order four (RK4).
Therefore the key role of this method is that, it reduces the order differential equation(s) into first order differential equations, thus reducing the computational cost on a large domain with small step size and a range of parameters. We have simplified the system of equations (11)-(14) using the Modified Collocation Method (CM). The collocation solver [38] when applied to the BVP produces continuous solution on an appropriate mesh.
For a general BVP defined on the interval [x0,xm] subject to two-point boundary conditions, bvp4c implements a Collocation Method (CM) for the solution of Boundary Value Problems of the form:
subject to nonlinear B.C's
where p is a vector of unknown parameters. The numerical solution W(x) encompasses a continuous functions which is a polynomial of order three on each subinterval [xi,xi+1] of the finite difference grid (mesh) defined by:
satisfying the associated boundary conditions.
Furthermore it satisfies the nodes at both (left and right) ends and the middle of each sub-interval
The above conditions generate a robust family of non-linear algebraic equations for the coefficients defining W(x) . Distinct from shooting algorithms, the solution y(x) is approximated on the domain [x0, xm] The boundary conditions are considered at all stages of the computations. The nonlinear algebraic equations are iteratively solved via linearization and this is achieved via the linear equation solvers in MATLAB, and not the IVP solvers. Essentially the bvp4c algorithm is a modified Simpson stepping scheme and W(x) is a fourth order approximation to an isolated solution y(x) , viz:
Here designates the maximum number of step sizes hi = xi+1-xi , and C is a constant. This bound is enforced for all x in [x0, xm] . Following computation of W(x) on the mesh with bvp4c, it is updated and improved quickly and cost-effectively at any x or set [x0, xm].
To be more precise, the obtained collocation solutions to the system of ordinary differential equations (11-14). Thus we used a finite difference code that construct a collocation formula and the collocation polynomial gives a continuous solution in the domain [36]. The Iterative method is used to solve the linearized nonlinear algebraic equations, so this method relies upon Matlab solver of the linear equation. The choice of max η =1 guaranteed that all numerical solutions approached the asymptotic values correctly, although the finite choice of max η will be not fully responsible for minimized order of accuracy, such as Kuznetsov & Nield [37] & Sohail et al. [39] compared their results for the special case of a regular fluid with their numerical results obtained by keeping max η =10 , and ignored the error generated by limiting the domain, in a similar manner, we will ignore that error.
Here we discussed the effect of pertinent parameters on the velocity profile, temperature profile, concentration profile skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number.
Figure 2:Influence of squeezing parameter S on f (η ) and f ′(η )
Effect of Squeezed number S on the radial and axial velocity f ′(η ) and f (η ) have been analyzed through Figure 2. It is analyzed that the radial velocity f ′(η ) decelerate near the upper plate and enhances near the lower plate and axial velocity f (η ) accelerate between two plates with the increase in Squeezing parameter S . Effects of magnetic parameter can been seen through Figure 3, it is depicted that the axial velocity f (η ) slow down with the increase in Hartmann number M but the radial velocity shows the f ′(η ) dual behavior first decreasing then increasing. In fact the magnetic field acts along the axis that resist the fluid motion consequently the axial velocity decreases also the radial velocity near the lower plate decelerate due to Lorentz force but near the above plate the squeezing effects are dominant therefore the velocity increases. Figure 4 display the effects of fluid parameters It is seen from the figures that increasing values of parameters causes to increase the viscosity of the fluid so the axial velocity decreases but the radial velocity near the upper plate enhances as the upper plate moves towards the lower stationary plate. Variation of thermal slip parameter γ and squeezed number S on the temperature profile is shown in Figure 5. It is observed that temperature θ (η ) profile enhances near the lower plate and decreases near the upper plate for higher thermal slip parameter. It is due to the fact that the lower plate provides thermal conductivity whereas the upper plate provides large amount of thermal resistance which consequently decelerate the temperature distribution. The higher value of squeezing parameter shows the increase in temperature profile away from the lower plate but on the lower plate temperature profile decreases due to thermal slip. Increasing values of squeezing parameter illustrate that viscosity decreases as the distance between two plate's increases. Figure 6 is plotted for different values of Prandtle number Pr and heat source parameter (Q∗ ) to illustrate the impact of Pr and Q∗ on temperature profile. It is observed that increasing value of Pr causes to reduce the thermal conductivity of the fluid away from the lower plate due to which the temperature profile decreases. The increasing value of heat source parameter Q∗ causes to accelerate the rate of heat transfer thus it enhances the temperature profile. Figure 7 shows the impact of magnetic parameterM and radiation parameter d R on temperature profile, it is observed that temperature profile decrease with the increase in magnetic parameter as it resist the motion of the fluid so the fluid become thick and thermal conductivity decreases so the temperature profile decelerate while the radiation parameter enhances the heat transfer. Figure 8 show that the decrease in fluid parameter thermal conductivity near the lower increases therefore the temperature profile increases but near the upper plate thermal conductivity reduces so the temperature profile decelerate also the concentration profile near the lower plate increases due to increase in Schmidt number and decreases near the upper plate i.e. viscous diffusion rate enhances the mass concentration near the lower plate but near the upper plate the squeezed effect are strong as compared with the viscous diffusion rate therefore mass concentration decelerate Figure 9 shows the influence of chemical reaction parameter ( 1 R∗ ) and squeezing parameter ( S ) on the concentration profile. It is depicted from the plots that the chemical reaction parameter causes to increase the mass concentration of the fluid also squeezing parameter show the increasing behavior of the concentration profile.
Figure 3:Influence of Hartmann number M on f (η ) and f ′(η )
Figure 4:Influence of second grade parameter 1 a ∗ on f (η ) and f ′(η )
Figure 5:Influence of thermal slip parameter γ and squeezing parameter S and θ (η
Figure 6:Influence of Prandtl number Pr and heat source parameter on θ (η ).
Figure 7:Influence of Hartmann number M and radiation parameter Rd on
Figure 8:Influence of second order parameter on θ (η ). and Sc on ϕ (η ).
Figure 9:Influence of chemical reaction parameter R1* and squeezing parameter S on ϕ (η
Figure 10:Influence of Hartmann number M on skin friction coefficient Cfrand chemical reaction parameter R1*on Schmidt number SC.
Figure 11:Influence of heat source Q∗ and thermal slip parameter γ on Nusselt number Nu.
Figure 12:Influence of fluid parameter a1* and squeezing parameter S on pressure at the upper plate..
The skin friction plays an important role in thermal and engineering processes, since it is the friction between the surface of a moving solid through a fluid and the fluid itself. It is depicted from Figure 10 & 11 that skin friction at the upper plate increases with the increase in magnetic parameter while for large value of squeezing parameter skin friction decreases. Nusselt number ( Nu ) is defined as the rate of heat transfer at the surface when a fluid past through a solid surface. It is observed that the Nusselt number shows the increasing behavior with the increase in heat source parameter Q∗ but it decreases with the increase in thermal slip parameter also Nusselt number increases for the large values of Prandtl number. Further, it is seen that the Sherwood number ( Sh ), is the rate of mass transfer at the surface and it decreases for the large values of chemical reaction and increases for large Schmidt number.
Figure 12 illustrate that the pressure on the upper plate increases in negative direction with the increase in the fluid parameter and squeezing parameter i.e. the squeezing velocity and fluid parameter produce the much pressure on the upper plate in reverse direction as compared with the lower plate. The comparison of second grade and second order fluid parameter is shown for the velocity, temperature and concentration profile through Figure 13 & 14. It is seen through these figures that axial velocity is greater for the second order fluid as compared with the second grade fluid while radial velocity for the second order fluid is greater near the lower plate but smaller near the upper plate as compared with the second grade fluid. Temperature profile near the lower plate is greater in second order fluid as compared with the second grade fluid while reverse near the upper plate. Concentration profile is same for both second grade and second order fluid.
Figure 13:Comparison of second grade and second order fluid for the velocity profile.
Figure 14:Comparison of second grade and second order fluid for the temperature and concentration profile.
In this paper we have presented a numerical approach to study heat source and chemical reaction of radiative unsteady MHD squeezed flow of second order fluid under the effect of thermal boundary conditions. The axisymmetric squeezed flow is induced by time dependent motion of parallel plates. Radiative squeezed flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with heat source and chemical reaction under the convective boundary condition is a current topic of interest. Different studies exist in literature in which the squeezed flow in different geometries discussed [19,21,24,25].
In the present study we have concluded the following observations
a. Effect of squeezing parameter S on axial velocity f (η ) is opposite to that of second order fluid parameters and Hartmann number M .
b. Large values of squeezing parameter S second order fluid parameters and magnetic parameter M on radial velocity f ′(η ) shows the dual behavior.
c. Temperature distribution shows the mixed behavior for larger heat source Q∗ , squeezed number S , Prandtl number Pr and thermal slip parameter
d. Mass concentration increases by increasing squeezing parameter S and chemical reaction parameters
e. Skin friction coefficient decreases for higher values of magnetic parameter M whereas increases for large values of squeezing parameter S
f. Nusselt number ( Nu ) enhances for large values of heat source parameter Q∗ and Prandtl number Pr but decreases for large values of thermal slip parameter γ .
g. Sherwood number ( Sh ) accelerate for large values of Schmidt number Sc and decelerate for the large values of chemical reaction parameter R1∗
h. Pressure on the upper plate increases in negative direction with the increase in the fluid parameter and squeezing parameter S .
i. Axial velocity is greater for the second order fluid as compared with the second grade fluid while radial velocity for the second order fluid is greater near the lower plate but smaller near the upper plate as compared with the second grade fluid.
j. Temperature profile near the lower plate is greater in second order fluid as compared with the second grade fluid while reverse near the upper plate.
k. Concentration profile is same for both second grade and second order fluid.
Hussanan A, Anwar MI, Ali F, Khan I, Shafie S (2014) Natural convection flow past an oscillating plate with Newtonian heating. Heat Transfer Research 45(2): 119-135.
Makinde OD (2005) Free convection flow with thermal radiation and mass transfer past a moving vertical porous plate. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 32(10): 1411-1419.
Ibrahim FS, Elaiw AM, Bakr AA (2008) Influence of viscous dissipation and radiation on unsteady MHD mixed convection flow of micropolar fluids. Appl Math Inf Sci 2(2): 143-162.
IDas K (2012) Impact of thermal radiation on MHD slip flow over a flat plate with variable fluid properties. Heat and Mass Transfer 48(5): 767- 778.
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Pal D, Chatterjee S (2010) Heat and mass transfer in MHD non-Darcian flow of a micropolar fluid over a stretching sheet embedded in a porous media with non-uniform heat source and thermal radiation. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 15(7): 1843-1857.
Chamkha AJ, AlyAM (2010) MHD free convection flow of a nanofluid past a vertical plate in the presence of heat generation or absorption effects.Chemical Engineering Communications 198(3): 425-441.
Muthucumaraswamy R, Ganesan P (2001) Effect of the chemical reaction and injection on flow characteristics in an unsteady upward motion of an isothermal plate. Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 42(4): 665-671.
Muthucumaraswamy R, Janakiraman B (2008) Mass transfer effects on isothermal vertical oscillating plate in the presence of chemical reaction. International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 4(1): 66- 74.
Saxena SS, Dubey GK (2011) MHD free convection heat and mass transfer flow of viscoelastic fluid embedded in a porous medium of variable permeability with radiation effect and heat source in slip flow regime. Advances in Applied Science Research 2(5): 115-129.
Ibrahim SM, Suneetha K (2016) Heat source and chemical effects on MHD convection flow embedded in a porous medium with Soret, viscous and Joules dissipation. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 7(2): 811-818.
Ibrahim SM, Suneetha K (2015) Chemical reaction and Soret effects on unsteady MHD flow of a viscoelastic fluid past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate with Heat source. International Journal of Mathematics and Computational Science 1(1): 5-14.
Noreen SA, SaleemM (2016) Soret and Dufour effects on the MHD peristaltic flow in a porous medium with thermal radiation and chemical reaction. Heat Transfer Research 47(1): 1-28.
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Olajuwon BI (2011) Convection heat and mass transfer in a hydromagnetic flow of a second grade fluid in the presence of thermal radiation and thermal diffusion. International communications in heat and mass transfer 38(3): 377-382.
Rashidi MM, Ferdows M, Parsa AB, Abelman S (2014) MHD natural convection with convective surface boundary condition over a flat plate. Abstract and Applied Analysis, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Egypt.
Rashidi MM, Kavyani N, Abelman S, Uddin MJ, Freidoonimehr N (2014) Double diffusive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convective slip flow 9(10): e109404.
Stefan MJ (1874) Akad Wiss Wien Math-Natur. Klassa Abt 2: 69.
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Kuzma DC (1968) Fluid inertia effects in squeeze films. Applied Scientific Research 18(1): 15-20.
Ghori QK, Ahmed M, Siddiqui AM (2007) Application of homotopy perturbation method to squeezing flow of a Newtonian fluid. International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation 8.2: 179-184.
Rashidi, Mehdi M, MajidSiddiqui A, Asadi M (2010) Application of homotopy analysis method to the unsteady squeezing flow of a second-grade fluid between circular plates. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Egypt.
Qayyum A, Awais M, Alsaedi A, Hayat T (2012) Unsteady squeezing flow of Jeffery fluid between two parallel disks. Chinese Physics Letters 29(3): 034701.
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Rashidi MM, Shahmohamadi H, Dinarvand S (2009) Analytic approximate solutions for unsteady two-dimensional and axisymmetric squeezing flows between parallel plates. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Egypt.
Siddiqui AM, Irum S, Ansari AR (2008) Unsteady squeezing flow of a viscous MHD fluid between parallel plates, a solution using the homotopy perturbation method. Mathematical Modelling and Analysis 13(4): 565-576.
Domairry G, Aziz A (2009) Approximate analysis of MHD squeeze flow between two parallel disks with suction or injection by homotopy perturbation method. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Egypt.
Hayat T, Yousaf A, Mustafa M, Obaidat S (2012) MHD squeezing flow of second-grade fluid between two parallel disks. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 69(2): 399-410.
Khaled AR, Vafai K (2004) Hydromagnetic squeezed flow and heat transfer over a sensor surface. International Journal of Engineering Science 42(5): 509-519.
Mahmood M, Asghar S, Hossain MA (2007) Squeezed flow and heat transfer over a porous surface for viscous fluid. Heat and Mass Transfer 44(2): 165-173.
Duwairi HM, Tashtoush B, Damseh RA (2004) On heat transfer effects of a viscous fluid squeezed and extruded between two parallel plates. Heat and mass transfer 41(2): 112-117.
Mustafa M, Hayat T, Obaidat S (2012) On heat and mass transfer in the unsteady squeezing flow between parallel plates. Meccanica 47(7): 1581-1589.
Khan H, Islam S, Ali J, Ali Shah I (2012) Comparison of different analytic solutions to axisymmetric squeezing fluid flow between two infinite parallel plates with slip boundary conditions. Abstract and Applied Analysis, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Egypt.
Ganji DD, Abbasi M, Rahimi J, Gholami M, Rahimipetroudi I (2014) On the MHD squeeze flow between two parallel disks with suction or injection via HAM and HPM. Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 9(3): 270-280.
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© 2018 Mann AB . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.


The Palais de la Bourse, located on one of the most famous squares in Europe, the Place de la Bourse, is remarkable for its 18th-century architectural majesty, and faces the Miroir d'eau, or 'Water Mirror', which reflects it, as seen from the quays, at dusk.
Since its origins, this square, historically at the heart of all international trade happening in Bordeaux, has hosted the Chamber of Commerce. As a symbol.
Located in the heart of Bordeaux, near the river, the Palais de la Bourse benefits from an ideal situation, easily reachable through all types of transports.
Parking under the Palais de la Bourse : 1 620 car parks.
Up to -15%, on a wide range of public fares on all AIR FRANCE, KLM and their code-shared flights worldwide.
By bus: many lines pass close to the Palais de la Bourse.
(calculating your itinerary according to your means of transport: car, public transport, bicycle, taxi, walk, etc.).


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text:
Q: Itextsharp HTMLWorker.Parse error I have a problem with HTMLWorker.Parse From iTextSharp in a
Windows Form program. Everytime when I excecute the code and it
starts with the HTMLWorker.Parse, it gives the objectDisposedException.
The exception says that it cannot access a closed file. But I checked
many times and cannot find the file that's closed. Here is the code:
class HtmlToPdfConverter
 {
             private iTextSharp.text.Document doc = new iTextSharp.text.Document();

     public HtmlToPdfConverter()
     {
        this.doc.SetPageSize(PageSize.A4);

     }

     public string Run(string html, string pdfName)
     {
        try
        {
            using (doc)
            {
                StyleSheet styles = new StyleSheet();
                using (PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.GetInstance(this.doc, new     FileStream(@"Z:\programs\" + pdfName + ".pdf", FileMode.Create)))
                {
                    this.doc.Open();
                    this.doc.OpenDocument();
                    this.doc.NewPage();
                    if (this.doc.IsOpen() == true)
                    {
                        StringReader reader = new StringReader(html);
                        //XMLWorkerHelper.GetInstance().ParseXHtml(writer, doc, reader);
                        this.doc.Add(new Paragraph(" "));
                        HTMLWorker worker = new HTMLWorker(this.doc);
                        worker.Open();
                        worker.StartDocument();
                        worker.NewPage();
                        worker.Parse(reader);
                        worker.SetStyleSheet(styles);

                        List<IElement> ie = iTextSharp.text.html.simpleparser.HTMLWorker.ParseToList(reader, null);

                        foreach (IElement element in ie)
                        {
                            this.doc.Add((IElement)element);
                        }

                        worker.EndDocument();
                        worker.Close();
                    }
                }
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return ex.Message;
        }

    }
 }

This is the exception:
System.ObjectDisposedException was caught
  Message=Cannot access a closed file.
  Source=mscorlib
  ObjectName=""
  StackTrace:
       at System.IO.__Error.FileNotOpen()
       at System.IO.FileStream.Write(Byte[] array, Int32 offset, Int32 count)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.OutputStreamCounter.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 count)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfIndirectObject.WriteTo(Stream os)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.PdfBody.Add(PdfObject objecta, Int32 refNumber, Boolean inObjStm)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.PdfBody.Add(PdfObject objecta, Int32 refNumber)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.PdfBody.Add(PdfObject objecta, PdfIndirectReference refa)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.AddToBody(PdfObject objecta, PdfIndirectReference refa)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.Type1Font.WriteFont(PdfWriter writer, PdfIndirectReference piref, Object[] parms)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.FontDetails.WriteFont(PdfWriter writer)
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.AddSharedObjectsToBody()
       at iTextSharp.text.pdf.PdfWriter.Close()
       at iTextSharp.text.DocWriter.Dispose()
       at WebPageExtraction.HtmlToPdfConverter.Run(String html, String pdfName)
  InnerException:

A: You are trying to call the close methods after it's already disposed.
You have a using block which is disposing the object automatically, so just remove those two lines:
doc.CloseDocument();
doc.Close();

If you don't trust the internal dispose code to properly close the document and want to do that yourself anyway, do it inside the using block:
using (doc)
{
    StyleSheet styles = new StyleSheet();
    using (PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.GetInstance(this.doc, new     FileStream(@"Z:\programs\" + pdfName + ".pdf", FileMode.Create)))
    {
        //.....
    }
    doc.CloseDocument();
    doc.Close();
}

Edit: after trying your code for myself I noticed some more problems and found the real reason for the error you got:

*

*You are closing and disposing the global object doc and never creating new instance.

*You don't dispose of all objects, which might lead to memory leak or locked file.

*The error you got was because by default, the PdfWriter is closing the Stream it's using and when disposed, the writer is trying to use this stream. So to solve this, you have to close the stream yourself and tell the writer to not do it.

Complete fixed code:
Document doc = new Document();
StyleSheet styles = new StyleSheet();
string filePath = @"Z:\programs\" + pdfName + ".pdf";
using (FileStream pdfStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Create))
{
    using (PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.GetInstance(doc, pdfStream))
    {
        writer.CloseStream = false;
        doc.Open();
        doc.OpenDocument();
        doc.NewPage();
        if (doc.IsOpen() == true)
        {
            using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(html))
            {
                //XMLWorkerHelper.GetInstance().ParseXHtml(writer, doc, reader);
                doc.Add(new Paragraph(" "));
                using (HTMLWorker worker = new HTMLWorker(doc))
                {
                    worker.Open();
                    worker.StartDocument();
                    worker.NewPage();
                    worker.Parse(reader);
                    worker.SetStyleSheet(styles);
                    List<IElement> ie = iTextSharp.text.html.simpleparser.HTMLWorker.ParseToList(reader, null);
                    foreach (IElement element in ie)
                    {
                        doc.Add((IElement)element);
                    }
                    worker.EndDocument();
                    worker.Close();
                }
            }
        }
        writer.Close();
    }
}

doc.CloseDocument();
doc.Close();
doc.Dispose();


The San Diego County Water Authority has earned a Gold Award for Exceptional Utility Performance from the Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies for its strong record of effective management and significant contributions to the drinking water industry.
The Water Authority is one of only 13 public drinking water systems nationally to earn AMWA's outstanding achievement award for utility management. The awards will be presented Tuesday, Oct. 26 at AMWA's Annual Meeting in Henderson, Nev.
• Finishing construction on the All-American Canal Lining Project. Water conserved from the canal-lining project will be transferred to San Diego County for 110 years, and is helping to offset current water cutbacks to the region.
• Commencing construction on the San Vicente Dam Raise Project. The project, the largest dam raise in the United States, will provide up to 152,100 acre-feet of additional local storage to help manage supplies during dry years or emergencies.
• Efforts to develop local supplies, including desalinated seawater and recycled water.
AMWA also recognized the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan for its role in facilitating the region's orderly transition to mandatory supply allocations.
Each year AMWA honors a small group of public water agencies that exemplify the attributes of effectively managed utilities. These attributes, which are evaluated by a panel of respected water and wastewater utility executives, include: product quality, customer satisfaction, employee and leadership development, operational optimization, financial viability, infrastructure stability, operational resiliency, community sustainability, water resource adequacy, and stakeholder understanding and support.
AMWA's members include the nation's largest publicly owned drinking water utilities, which provide safe and clean drinking water to more than 130 million Americans.
This entry was posted on October 25, 2010 at 8:20 pm	and is filed under San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA), Water. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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The news cycle is fast and furious—which is why we shifted through the recent noise and found a few articles we believe matter. These thoughts and ideas made us pause, think and, most importantly, consider what is happening in the world. We hope they do the same for you.


The PDF ebook Fundamentals of Sustainable Drilling Engineering clearly explains the concepts of the drilling engineering and presents the existing knowledge ranging from the history of drilling technology to well completion. This etextbook takes on the difficult issue of sustainability in drilling engineering and tries to present the engineering terminologies in a very clear manner so that the new hire, as well as the veteran driller, will be able to understand the drilling concepts with minimum or little effort.
This book is an excellent resource for drilling engineers, supervisors & managers, petroleum engineering students, researchers and environmental engineers for planning every aspect of rig operations in the most sustainable, environmentally responsible manner, using the most up-to-date technological advancements in equipment and processes.


text:
Shortly before U.S. and Iranian air strikes, Rep. Susan Wild got an up-close view of U.S. defenses in Mideast
By Laura Olson
U.S. Rep. Susan Wild talks to members of the military during a congressional delegation trip to Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Italy in late December 2019. (Handout)
Days before the U.S. air strike killing a top Iranian general, Lehigh Valley Congresswoman Susan Wild was in Qatar, watching U.S. military personnel run through a drill for intercepting missiles like those Iran fired in retaliation.
At first she thought the three-minute drill was for the benefit of her and the other visiting members of Congress. But Wild said she was told the soldiers run through the same drill twice each day to build the muscle memory for a sudden attack.
"In some ways, it sounds repetitive," Wild said during an interview in her Capitol Hill office. "But they were so engaged, and I could tell that every single time they do it, they do it as though this is the one."
The late December trip to Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and Italy was Wild's first official congressional delegation trip abroad. The bipartisan group also included Republican Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick, who represents the Bucks County-based 1st District.
U.S. Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick, R-1st District (Kristie Boyd / CONTRIBUTED PHOTO)
Wild serves on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, which has sought more information from the Trump administration about the drone attack that killed Iranian Gen. Qassem Soleimani. Wild said after a briefing for House members last week that she's not convinced there was imminent danger to the U.S., and that she has questions about what motivated the attack.
Her Mideast trip occurred before Soleimani's killing. What she heard and saw there served as a timely backdrop days later as details emerged about the U.S. strike.
In Italy, Wild saw an MQ-9 Reaper drone, the same type of unmanned aircraft used in the mission against Soleimani near Baghdad International Airport. At the same stop, the lawmakers learned about other intelligence-gathering planes that use the base's massive runway.
"As a member of Congress who sometimes is concerned about the size of our defense budget, it put some reality to what we act on here," Wild said. "The readiness aspect of our military to defend us is something that can't be underestimated."
When Iran responded to the killing by firing missiles at two American bases in Iraq, Wild said she thought of the troops she met during the trip who didn't know where they'd be headed next, as well as the readiness exercises that she saw on the ground there.
The trip was part briefings on military and security matters, and part visiting with troops on bases that weren't unlike those Wild remembered from childhood. Her father was in the Air Force, and she was born on a U.S. base in Germany.
In Bahrain, she met Petty Officer First Class Matthew Santiago from Bethlehem, and talked with him during a barbecue for the troops and visiting lawmakers. Wild said he's been on her mind since that trip as she wonders where he's been deployed.
With U.S.-Iran relations back in the spotlight, Wild said she wants to see the Foreign Affairs panel focusing on how best to protect U.S. troops and allies abroad.
That includes keeping a critical eye on how Iran, China and Russia are interacting, she said, describing comments from a commander during the trip about Iran not having the capability to strike the U.S., but potentially gaining that ability if a country like China decides to cooperate with Iranian leaders.
Washington correspondent Laura Olson can be reached at 202-780-9540 or lolson@mcall.com.
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