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ARE CHAPMAN STUDENTS ATTENDING GRADUATE SCHOOL?
By Vanessa Gonzalez
In December 2019, Misc.
Leave a Comment on ARE CHAPMAN STUDENTS ATTENDING GRADUATE SCHOOL?
Students begin taking graduate classes their senior year if they are pursuing an accelerated master's degree at Chapman. Photo by Vanessa Gonzalez.
Only 24.8% of Chapman University students plan to attend graduate school full time after graduation, while 75.2% do not have an interest in pursuing a master's degree states an infographic from the Institutional Research Office.
Over 1.97 million college students nationwide will graduate with bachelor's degrees in 2019 according to the National Center for Education Statistics, but growth in graduate school enrollment in the U.S. remains flat.
"The enrollment rates aren't super high or low, but it's pretty much remained the same," said Amy Rogeness, the graduate coordinator at the School of Communication.
Chapman has an enrollment of about 7,300 undergraduate students and 2,300 graduate students according to the school website, so are these percentages normal?
These numbers are actually not uncommon, since college students across the nation are not interested in graduate school either.
"Graduate college enrollment in Fall 2019 is expected to be about 5 percent lower than the peak of 21 million in fall 2010," states an article by Lindsay Wayt, the analytics director for the National Association of College and University Business Officers.
The question remains: Why are rates declining in student graduate school enrollment?
A junior political science major is not interested in continuing her education after she graduates Chapman.
"I already spent four years of studying, why would I torture myself with more school?" the political science major said. "I just want to work."
Applications for admission to graduate schools in the U.S. decreased by 1.8 percent between Fall 2016 and Fall 2017 according the National Association of College and University Business Officers. They have decreased at public institutions by 3.7 percent, but increased at private not-for-profit institutions by 1.4 percent.
At Chapman, students with specific majors have the option to enroll in the 4+1 program — a program that integrates students' senior year with an extra school year to complete their master's degree.
The 4+1 program was founded by Lisa Sparks, dean of the School of Communication, to teach students how to create and collect information that effectively changes health behavior.
Junior Mariah Fisher, a film production and strategic and coporate communications double major, is not interested in applying for graduate school because of the application process and exams that come with it.
"I'd be nervous about applying because it involves preparing for grad exams, and it feels like high school all over again with SATs." Fisher said.
Although most majors do not have to worry about the GMAT or GRE exams to be considered for the 4+1, there is a lack of majors offered by the accelerated master's program. Therefore, some students are still unaware of the program.
Sophomore strategic and corporate communications major Shereyna Shinboo did not know anything about it until it was talked about in one of her classes.
"It's an interesting program and I would like to know more information about it, but it's not something mentioned by professors ever." Shinboo said.
If universities were to encourage their students to continue their studies maybe graduate school enrollment rates would not be low, said Shinboo.
Danielle Cobb, the academic records coordinator, said that the university has plans to expand its 4+1 program to other majors, but it does not have a set time when they will introduce those programs to its students.
School of Communication professor Hannah Ball encourages her students to apply to expand their career options.
"If you're a journalism major you can still apply for the Masters of Health and Strategic Communication degree," Ball said. "It's just research."
Students need to have a minimum 3.0 cummulative GPA and submit a personal statement on how the 4+1 program can benefit personal career goals, said Ball.
There are many other graduate schools nationwide that students have the option to apply to, and the University of California, Berkeley is one of the top five best graduate schools on the West Coast according to U.S. News.
Camille Koué, the director of admissions at the University of California, Berkeley, believes the decrease in the rate of graduate student enrollment comes from the cost of attending another university.
"Just like attending a four year, it's pricey and adding an extra two years adds onto the cost." Koué said.
Yet one of the advantages of going back to school is also the money.
Adults who earn their master's degree are reported to get paid a higher annual salary that can be increased by 20% said Koué.
Even though graduate school may not be for everyone and the spoils can vary widely, the lack of interest and cost of graduate school hold students from continuing their education.
Vanessa Gonzalez
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We all know Gas prices are a joke which is why a massive amount of people are looking towards natural heating. The biggest being at the moment is the classic log burner. However the biggest problem we all have to contend with is how do we plaster a fireplace?
How do you keep your chimney breast protected from the heat and stop your walls from cracking? Sounds scary? Don't worry because show you everything you need to know and give you the exact process on plastering your fireplace.
This is the full process for plastering a fireplace surround. If your new to the game of plastering well Im afraid to say you have a lot to learn but luckily your in the right place. Lets do it!
The first thing you need to do is to render your fireplace. This will give your wall the strength it needs to deal with extreme levels of heat whilst having a stable background for finish.
However we have to make sure we use the right materials and products. The first thing we need to do is bead the edges of your fireplace. I recommend you use stainless steel render beads.
They will never rust, they are protected from standard water based paints and can withstand the heat and pressure from your log burners. I plant them using galvanised clout nails – just make sure you fix the beads plum on both sides.
It takes a bit more time but it is definitely worth it in later stages. Heres an article on how to fix corner beads from our website. Just take your time and make it right. It can be annoying but trust me its worth it later on.
The biggest thing we need to consider is the render mix we use because this is what gives the strength to our plastered fireplace.
There isn't a perfect mix!
Everyone has successful results with there own methods. However we have a mix thats works a treat so you might as well copy us because it simply works. Why fix something that isn't broken?
The biggest secret in this magic mix is the lime. This allows your walls to expand during extreme heat temperatures and makes your wall a fortress to be reckoned with!
All you need to do now is render the dam thing! Heres how you do it.
This is a scratch coat. The first coat of render which is roughly 7-10mm in thickness. This is the beginning of your wall and helps create a resistance against the log burner.
This is a picture with the bead showing.
A scratch coat is a layer of render which is scratched (no s**t), to give the coat a mechanical key. This makes it easy for the next coat to grip allowing you to render for the top coat.
This is the top coat and as you can see, its been rendered to the thickness of the beads. This process is slightly different and requires a lot more skill and precision. With the scratch coat you can simply render your wall and scratch it a little later.
The top coat needs a lot more attention. You need to render, rule of using a straight edge and then float it using a tool called a devils float. This is basically a plastic (or wooden) float with nails hit through the tip. This is what you use to float and flatten your walls whilst giving a key.
A key is baiscially a form of creating traction for the next material, providing grip for adhesion. If you didn't create a mechanical key then your next coats of render would simply slide to the floor.
Thats why the picture above has loads of lines going through because this provides a mechanical key for your finish coat. For more advice on internal rendering I'd watch this video series from plastering force. He's a great plasterer and a good guy so go and have a look at his stuff!
Ok so you have a few options here. You could PVA your rendered walls and finish your chimney breast with British Gypsums Multi Finish plaster. This has been done before and can give good results.
However there is a chance the plaster can crack due to the extreme temperatures which deems the job useless. The other option is to use Victus Heat Resistant plaster. This is a product that is designed solely for the use of fire places and heat exposed areas.
Thats why I recommend you use this product. It has a guarantee and has a better chance of dealing with heat compared to Multi Finish. Its a bit more expensive but definitely worth the money.
Buy Victus Finish Plaster, Scrape back your rendered walls and remove any loose, raised plaster thats been exposed from your devil float. Then you have to prime your render with Victus Heat Resistant PVA which you brush neat.
No water. Just The product as it is.
Mix the Victus Finish Plaster to a similar consistency you would using Multi Finish and treat it as a normal finish. It spreads well, trowels in and generally leaves good results. You really shouldn't struggle too much using this product and your guaranteed better protection.
Can you see a pattern emerging? What is the products downside?
Is Victus Plaster hard to use?
There is a downside to this product in the sense that when its dried its extremely hard to sand. For that reason alone you need to make sure you get a good finish because you won't be able to fix any imperfections. You'll need to get it right.
If you do struggle and make a mess you can simply PVA and start again so its not the ned of the world. You could use Multi Finish but again is it worth using a product that could be compromised? Just do it right and if your not confident, practice your plastering with British Gypsums products.
This will help develop your confidence and precision which is needed to get a seamless finish. You are capable and you can definitely do it – you just need practice!
This is the best option for plastering a fireplace. if you follow this simple guide, there is no reason you can't have a lovely, strong holding fireplace. Get involved give it a go and you'll be left with a burner you'll be proud of!
Found thi she useful? Want to learn how to plaster like a Boss? Click here to read the ultimate guide on Plastering!


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Libéria
Monrovia, Libéria fővárosa

USA
 Monrovia (Alabama)
 Monrovia (Indiana)
 Monrovia (Kalifornia)
 Monrovia (Kansas)
 Monrovia (Maryland)
 Monrovia (metróállomás)

Más
 SS Monrovia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Bisons Monday game postponed due to rain
By: Anthony Reyes
Posted at 9:55 AM, Apr 15, 2018
Monday's Bisons game against Louisville Bats has been postponed due to rain.
The team are set to play a single-admission doubleheader on Wednesday at 11:05 a.m.
Tuesday's match-up remains a single game at 6:05 p.m.
Fans with tickets to Monday's game can exchange them for a comparable ticket to any future Bisons game (excluding July 3). Ticket exchanges must be made at the Coca-Cola Field Ticket Office.
The team's doubleheader on Sunday against the Indianapolis Indians was also postponed due to rain and icy conditions.
The Bisons have been scheduled to play 10 games so far this season, five of those have now been postponed due to weather.
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text:
import warnings
warnings.simplefilter('default')

from nilmtk import *
from nilmtk.version import version as __version__
from nilmtk.timeframe import TimeFrame
from nilmtk.elecmeter import ElecMeter
from nilmtk.datastore import DataStore, HDFDataStore, CSVDataStore, Key
from nilmtk.metergroup import MeterGroup
from nilmtk.appliance import Appliance
from nilmtk.building import Building
from nilmtk.dataset import DataSet

global_meter_group = MeterGroup()

def teardown_package():
    """Nosetests package teardown function (run when tests are done).
    See http://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/writing_tests.html#test-packages

    Uses git to reset data_dir after tests have run.
    """
    from nilmtk.tests.testingtools import data_dir
    import subprocess

    cmd = "git checkout -- {}".format(data_dir())
    try:
        output = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True, cwd=data_dir())
    except Exception:
        print "Failed to run '{}'".format(cmd)
        raise
    else:
        print "Succeeded in running '{}'".format(cmd)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This month we're focusing on the wonderful world of chai. Worldwide, Chai is one of the most popular beverages. Its gorgeous spices add warmth to the blend which is what makes it so uplifting.
The origins of chai can be traced back over 9000 years to ancient India, where it was traditionally used to treat minor ailments such as digestive and immune issues. These health benefits are much more potent when the spices in the blend remain whole or partially cracked open, rather than ground. By using freshly cracked spices in a chai you are able extract the essential oils more efficiently and balance the flavour.
Blending chai spices is part science, part art. It is not only enough to know which spices to use, there is an innate understanding that is required to find the perfectly proportioned brew. The spices historically integral to any good chai blend were cardamom, cinnamon, pepper and ginger based which are all beneficial for digestion. In modern times we have added combinations including allspice, nutmeg, star anise, fennel, chilli, saffron and coriander seeds to create and exciting range of flavours to suit your taste buds.
An emerging trend is to add honey to a dry chai mix and call it 'fresh chai'. This in itself is a nonsensical term as adding honey to a dried product does not make it fresh again, it just makes a sticky mess that loses its flavour quickly and needs to be refrigerated after opening.
Brewing a good quality dried chai and then adding honey to it is not only the more logical alternative, but is also a great way to have control over your sugar consumption, which is something that has become a popular choice recently, and a great way to enrich your wellbeing.
Every sale of our chai blends contributes to our sponsorship of people in underdeveloped countries through Kiva, particularly women working in agricultural endeavours. Ali McGregor, cabaret singer and proponent of the sugar free lifestyle, has recently recommended our blend of the people's chai in her feature in The Age's Epicure. Thanks to her generous endorsement we have been able to add two new loans to our Kiva portfolio to continue to help to enrich other peoples lives.
Our new launch this month is our Chai Sprinkles. They are a great sugar free topping perfect for any hot drink, as well as muesli, cakes, fruit and even as an addition to cookies or other fantastic sweet treats. They are made of an aromatic blend of spices with a dash of pure cocoa nibs that complement chai tea greatly.
Making a traditional brew at home is easy with an infuser tea pot, or coffee plunger, but if you are on the go or do not have access to these items we also have disposable tea bags and reusable muslin tea bags which you can now purchase online in our accessories section together with spice shakers and infuser teapots.
Photo courtesy of BBC news – Indian chai wallahs brewing traditional chai with cow's milk and lots of sugar.
To learn how to brew the perfect chai at home have a look at our video tutorial to get you on your way. Don't forget that Mother's Day is coming up, Chai could be the perfect present for the mother in your life.


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25/RV Kansas State vs 9/9 Iowa State: WBB Open Game Thread
We've got a ranked match-up in Bramlage. Let's do this.
By JT VanGilder@jtarkman Jan 11, 2022, 6:00pm CST
Share All sharing options for: 25/RV Kansas State vs 9/9 Iowa State: WBB Open Game Thread
Amy Kontras-USA TODAY Sports
Welcome to your first (and hopefully not last) women's basketball open game thread for your Kansas State Wildcats.
We've got a big game tonight. The Wildcats are finally ranked in the AP poll (though the coaches voting in the WBCA poll are still idiots), meaning tonight we have the first regular season matchup between ranked teams in Bramlage since the final regular season game of the 2016-17 season when the #24 Wildcats fell to the #12 Texas Longhorns before heading off to the Big 12 Tournament. And yes, regular season does need to be specified, because the Cats remained ranked through the NCAA Tournament, and the first round games that should have been hosted by Stanford were instead hosted in Manhattan due to scheduling conflicts. That was a weird deal.
Tonight's opponent from Iowa State is 14-1, and is ranked pretty highly despite a schedule that's relatively weaker than K-State's. Their sole loss came on the road at LSU, and their best win was over then-#12 Iowa in Ames. So far they are 3-0 in conference play, but have played two at home, but did take out then-#23 Oklahoma in Norman last week. They are led by former Kansas prep star Emily Ryan, and the Claflin native was a unanimous selection to the Big 12 All-Freshman Team last year.
The Wildcats counter with arguably the best player in the country in Ayoka Lee, who had a pedestrian 14 points and 12 rebounds this past weekend against West Virginia, but should be a much tougher match-up for the under-sized Cyclones. She's joined by a trio of stellar freshman, led by point guard Serena Sundell (who will likely have the primary duty of guarding Ryan), who just picked up her third Big 12 Freshman of the Week honor, and has also topped the 20-point mark three times already this season.
This should be a great match-up, and hopefully it goes the Wildcats way.
Tonight's game from Bramlage tips at 6:30pm CST and can be seen on Big 12 Now on ESPN+ with Brain Smoller (play-by-play), Missy Heidrick (analyst), and Kelsey Bigelow (sideline) on the call.
If you haven't subscribed to ESPN+, or just don't want to, you can listen to James Westling (play-by-play) and Kristin Waller (analyst) call the game on some of the K-State Sports Radio Network, and also available online on the The Varsity Network app and at K-StateSports.com.
PROJECTED STARTING LINEUP
(25/RV) Kansas State Wildcats (13-2, 3-0 Big 12)
G: #3 Jaelyn Glenn
G: #4 Serena Sundell
G: #5 Brylee Glenn
F: #13 Laura Macke
C: #50 Ayoka Lee
(9/9) Iowa State Cyclones (14-1, 3-0 Big 12)
G: #11 Emily Ryan
G: #20 Aubrey Joens
G: #21 Lexi Donarski
G: #24 Ashley Joens
F: #31 Morgan Kane


Straight-cut utility jacket in a cotton weave with a collar and buttons down the front. Flap chest pockets, and large front pockets with a flap and press-stud. Adjustable tab with buttons at the back and buttoned cuffs. Unlined.


A little bit nerdy but he's cool with it, Pale Nulle will put a smile on your face every time you see him. Hailing from Denmark he is one of the Lucky Boy Sunday gang of secret friends. Hand knitted in soft baby alpaca yarn, Pale Nulle likes being hugged and listening.
The Lucky Boy Sunday dolls appeal to small children with their graphic expressions, they use certified non toxic dyes so all the Secret Friends are safe for baby's to chew and love unconditionally.
Fancy Nulle is 100% wool with polypropyl filling, certified non toxic dyes, handmade in Bolivia.


text:
Q: data couldn't .... isn't in the correct format I have the following code in a Swift iOS app using Parse-Server.
func theWiftFunction() {
    PFCloud.callFunction(inBackground: "myCloudFunction",
                         withParameters: ["unitID": somePFObject.value(forKey: "objectId")!,
                                          "userID": (PFUser.current()?.objectId)!]) {
                                            (object: Any?, error: Error?) in
                                            if error != nil {
                                                if error?.localizedDescription == "NO-UNIT"
                                                {print("The given unit has not been found for this user. This should not happen.")}
                                                else {print("Error in \(#function)\n" + (error?.localizedDescription)!)}
                                                return
                                            }
                                            // All is OK!!
                                          };
    .......
}

It partially works fine, but in some cases I get this error message:
Error in theWiftFunction()
The data couldn't be read because it isn't in the correct format.

The question is: Why is the data, sometime in the correct format, sometime not ? What should I do to get "the correct format" ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Каньяда-Хункоса () — муниципалитет в Испании, входит в провинцию Куэнка, в составе автономного сообщества Кастилия — Ла-Манча. Население — 303 человека (на 2010 год).

Население

Примечания

Ссылки

Муниципалитеты Куэнки


text:
What Type Of Noun Is The Word Freedom?
Which part of speech is freedom?
Is cover a noun or verb?
Whats does freedom of speech mean?
Is freedom singular or plural?
What are 10 concrete nouns?
Are proper nouns?
What type of noun is freedom?
Is freedom a abstract noun?
Is freedom a proper noun?
How do you use the word cover as a noun?
Is music a concrete noun?
What is the verb of freedom?
What is freedom in simple words?
Is see a concrete noun?
Is freedom a concrete noun?
Is film a noun or verb?
Is dozen a noun?
What is the adverb of freedom?
Answer and Explanation: 'Freedom' is a noun.
Nouns are words that identify something, and freedom (while abstract) is a thing.
It is a concept and a state of being..
verb (used with object) to be or serve as a covering for; extend over; rest on the surface of: Snow covered the fields. to place something over or upon, as for protection, concealment, or warmth. to provide with a covering or top: Cover the pot with a lid.
Freedom of speech—the right to express opinions without government restraint—is a democratic ideal that dates back to ancient Greece. In the United States, the First Amendment guarantees free speech, though the United States, like all modern democracies, places limits on this freedom.
freedom Definitions and Synonyms singularfreedompluralfreedoms
Here are 10 Examples of Concrete Nouns;Foot.Carpet.Book.Ocean.Lemon.Police.Train.Ball.More items…
A proper noun is a specific (i.e., not generic) name for a particular person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are always capitalized in English, no matter where they fall in a sentence. Because they endow nouns with a specific name, they are also sometimes called proper names.
The state of being free, of not being imprisoned or enslaved. "Having recently been released from prison, he didn't know what to do with his newfound freedom."
An abstract noun refers to states, events, concepts, feelings, qualities, etc., that have no physical existence. eg: Freedom; happiness; idea; music are all abstract nouns that have no physical existence. An abstract noun can be either a countable noun or uncountable noun.
Freedom is a noun . It means "the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint".
[countable] the outside of a book or a magazine the front/back cover Her face was on the cover (= the front cover) of every magazine. He always reads the paper from cover to cover (= everything in it).
So "music" is not an abstract noun. It would be more accurate to say that abstract nouns cannot be experienced through the senses. "Smile" and "hug" are concrete nouns, but "love" and "friendship" are abstract nouns.
Given that the "freedom "and you need to go give verb freed .
Freedom, generally, is having the ability to act or change without constraint. … Something is "free" if it can change easily and is not constrained in its present state.
You can tell if something is a concrete noun because you experience it through one of your five senses: sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch. If you cannot see, hear, taste, touch, or smell it, it's not a concrete noun. Think of a concrete noun as being set in stone.
A concrete noun refers to a physical object in the real world, such as a dog, a ball, or an ice cream cone. An abstract noun refers to an idea or concept that does not exist in the real world and cannot be touched, like freedom, sadness, or permission.
As detailed above, 'film' can be a noun or a verb. Here is an example of its usage: Verb usage: "A Hollywood studio was filming on-location in NYC."
dozen is originally a noun. Eggs were sold in dozens because one or two eggs can easily break. Even today you get eggs in six-packs. As it is a genuine noun meaning twelve things, you say a dozen eggs or dozens of things.
freely.
Quick Answer: What Does History Painting Mean?
How is painting a source of history? In the case of
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What is faith in your own words? When you have faith
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What is a vegetarian Jain meal? Vegetarian Jain Meal
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What Zodiac is Jesus? With the story of the birth of
Question: Which Tool Is Used To Draw Curved Lines?
WHAT IS curve tool in MS Paint? O once. This tool is
Question: Can You Learn A Language In 30 Minutes A Day?
What is the hardest language to learn? The 6 Hardest
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Can I fax papers to IRS? If you're using your
Where Are Craftsman Tools Made 2020?
Is craftsman a good brand? Similarly, Craftsman has
Question: Who Is Smarter Stark Or Banner?
What is Thanos IQ? Close. 253.. Who is the youngest avenger?
Question: Does Walmart Canada Have Senior Citizen Discount?
Does Walmart have a senior discount? Walmart: Walmart
Quick Answer: Why Was The Painting Above Not Well Received?
What are the 8 themes of art? Terms in this set (8)Religious.


LMI Pump Less Motor Chemical Metering Pump Only (No Motor) Models from the G Series are Motor Driven Metering pumps that produce 01. to 300 GPH (Gallons Per Hour). These LMI Pumps are typically used for high output applications for chemicals used in water treatment including process additives, slurry, acids and out gassing fluids. A couple example models are the SD21X2P and the SG76YNP. If you have any question with any of these pump only LMI G Series pumps, give us a call. We will be glad to help you out in any way we can.


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Legends Rising Season Two: Smeb Teaser
Author:Lolesports Staff, 5 September 20162
Once overlooked, Smeb's a vital player in the ROX Tigers' and a major reason why this crew is a legitimate contender to hoist this year's cup. After falling just short in the 2015 World Championship Finals, the challenge is clear. Can Smeb propel his team to the summit of competitive League of Legneds and establish themselves as one of the greatest teams to play the game? Legends Rising returns September 7.
Reveal all spoilers
In an alternate universe, the hare wins the race. It sits comfortably on a throne as it waits for the tortoise's head to snap past the finish line. And in that universe, what is Lee "Faker" Sang-hyeok but the hare. And what is Song "Smeb" Kyung-ho but the tortoise.
And maybe we already live in that universe. While both of them can stake claim to being amongst the best the world has to offer, only one can brandish two World Championship belts. Only one is the undisputed god of League of Legends. Few players, if any, commanded as much respect as Faker prior to becoming a pro. He exceeded those expectations and was sensational from the onset.
On the other hand, Smeb's rise to the top is a broken record of setbacks -- it's one of the slowest ascents. Alongside current teammate, Lee "Kuro" Seo-haeng and Immortals' Kim "Reignover" Ui-jin, they were part of the now infamous "Incredible Failures" squad that toiled at the bottom of the LCK. They were constantly on the brink of being relegated to irrelevancy. They weren't supposed to be stars.
Smeb was sometimes cited as the worst top laner in Korea. "At the time," Smeb says, "those assessments were true."
Korea is renowned for producing the best talent in the world, but even amongst that crop, it's the superstar top laners who've managed to create the most distance from their international counterparts. Smeb's distinction as being the worst of them, then, particularly stood out. But it highlights the improbability of where he stands now -- as a back-to-back LCK regular season MVP.
His fortunes shifted when the Tigers were formed at the start of the 2014 season. They found immediate domestic success, but have been constantly thwarted by SKTelecom T1 when it has mattered most. At the 2015 Spring Split Final, their loss wasn't exactly a surprise -- despite their record, they were still a new squad. Then, at Worlds, they weren't even supposed to make the Finals.
They used some of the criticism as fuel. Smeb solidified his status as one of the top players in the world by leading the Tigers to the finals. But that underdog status nipped at the little heels in their brains. Smeb says, "We thought even if we lose, it's alright. We were ranked as a B-Tier team.
We had no members in the Worlds Top 20 list." So when they found themselves staring at SKT, a few wins away from having their legacy cemented, they did little else but stare. The Tigers aren't accustomed to that stage in the same way as SKT. Where SKT has thrived through multiple esports titles, the Tigers have not. Despite successes, they've gone through four different title sponsors. There were times even last year where Smeb and his teammates had to worry about their funding and income even as they stepped onto the rift.
But together they laughed it off as best as they could. According to Smeb, it's important to them to retain their identity as "a team that plays the game enjoyably." "I'm the type to act frivolously within my team. I tell them, 'I am the best.' I go around saying things like that," he says. "But honestly, my teammates ignore me a lot."
They might be the only people in the world to ignore him now. The Tigers will be one of the favorites to hoist the Summoner's Cup at this year's tournament. This is the kind of perseverance that lies behind the old fairy tales. The kind of thing that lets people believe in the tortoise. But like the rest of the world, all eyes are fixated on the same pinnacle. For a team that's arguably been the second best, or at times the best, these past two years, they have almost no accolades to show for it. They've been held so tightly in SKT's shadow that they could count that shadow's heartbeats. Now, perhaps, Smeb can finally emerge from that shadow and leave his humble beginnings firmly behind him.
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US Supreme Court to rule on Biden's student debt cancellation
Published: 02:13 PM, 2 Dec, 2022
Caption: Representational image.
The US Supreme Court agreed Thursday to rule on the legality of President Joe Biden's landmark effort to cancel hundreds of millions of dollars in student debt.
The court will hear the case in February or March, according to a short statement it posted online.
In the meantime, it declined to lift a lower court ruling that has put the policy on hold for now.
The Democratic president, who has posed the measure as a boost for the middle class, announced in August that the federal government would forgive a huge portion of the often-crushing student debt held by Americans, erasing up to $20,000 per person.
In total, some 45 million borrowers nationwide owe a collective $1.6 trillion, according to the White House.
The plan, which would cost an estimated $400 billion over the next decade, was immediately challenged in court by several conservative states, which called the move an abuse of power ahead of the midterm elections.
Last month, a federal appeals court blocked the measure, and current and former college and university students who had already begun to apply for the relief were told their claims were on hold pending legal action.
The White House then asked the Supreme Court to take up the case, in hopes it would overturn the previous decision.
At the same time, the administration once again extended until June a moratorium on student debt payments, which was originally implemented at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic.
The White House welcomed the court's decision to take up the case.
"This program is necessary to help over 40 million eligible Americans struggling under the burden of student loan debt recover from the pandemic and move forward with their lives," press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said.
"President Biden will keep fighting against efforts to rob middle-class families of the relief they need and deserve," she said.
Categories : Topics, Education
Agence France-Presse is an international news agency.
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ECDPMGreat Insights magazineBusiness and human rights: Towards a German action plan and EU trade and investment agreements
Business and human rights: Towards a German action plan and EU trade and investment agreements
Schmieg, E. 2015. Business and human rights: Towards a German action plan and EU trade and investment agreements. GREAT Insights Magazine, Volume 4, Issue 6. December 2015/January 2016.
Evita Schmieg gives a personal view on the German discussion on human rights and EU trade and investment agreements in the process of putting up a national action plan.
Africa is experiencing unprecedented economic growth, The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, endorsed in 2011, are grounded on the States' obligations to respect, protect and fulfil human rights and fundamental freedoms, the role of business enterprises to respect human rights and finally the need for effective remedies when rights and obligations are breached. It is the role of states to further define how to apply these principles in different policy areas, amongst them trade and investment policy. The latter issue is covered by those principles dealing with policy coherence. These are principles: number eight – public institutions shall be aware and observe human rights obligations; number nine – states shall maintain policy space to meet human rights obligations; and number ten – which demands states to respect certain principles related to human rights in their capacity as members of international institutions.
The discussion process towards a national German action plan
At the end of 2014, the German government started a process that would lead to an action plan on 'business and human rights' with a first conference, which defined the relevant topics that needed to be discussed. From April until November 2015 a range of stakeholder hearings were carried through on these topics, with participation from the private sector, government agencies, civil society, associations as well as academia (see Reference). The whole process is under the auspices of the Foreign Office, but other ministries are involved according to their responsibilities. A National Baseline Assessment, prepared by the German Institute for Human Rights, summarises the situation in Germany, defines open questions and serves as a basis for discussion, especially during the hearings. The hearing on human rights and free trade and investment agreements (FTA) took place in Berlin on 30 October 2015 with approximately forty participants representing the different stakeholder groups and moderated by the author of this article. It did not aim at finding consensus between different positions, but rather to get a complete picture of the issue in all its particulars.
Human rights and policy coherence in the area of trade and investment
The overarching task given by the Guiding Principles is to make free trade and investment agreements (FTA) more supportive to human rights and to strengthen policy coherence (following principles eight to ten). A central issue is the ambiguity of FTAs with regard to their effects on the policy space of partner countries to pursue human rights objectives. It is the fundamental idea of FTAs to create a stable and foreseeable environment for private economic activity, and to thereby contribute to economic and social development. The assumption is that this should eventually facilitate pursuing human rights objectives in the long run. At the same time, during implementation, FTAs might come with negative effects on human rights and unduly restrict the possibilities of states to apply instruments in pursuing those, e.g. by restricting the possibility to increase tariffs with the objective of food security. Agreements therefore, always have to maintain a certain flexibility (policy space) with regard to correcting harmful developments and do contain instruments to that effect, e.g. safeguard clauses.
Besides, FTAs are also seen as instruments for promoting human rights, e.g. via human rights and sustainability clauses. The final impact of an FTA depends, of course, on the concrete formulations negotiated, but to a large extent also on actual implementation. The latter can be an area for support by development co-operation in order to maximise benefits and minimise risks of FTAs. German companies are often amongst those most engaged in improving the human rights situation in partner countries. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can therefore be a helpful instrument to further pursue.
With regard to investment agreements, some stakeholders identify an imbalance between long standing and well anchored investor rights on the one hand and a lack of rights and possibilities especially of vulnerable groups with little voice, to sue human rights violations on the other. The Investor-State Dispute Settlement System is a case in point, with support in Germany for reforming this system, defining the right of the State to regulate and to link it with national legal systems.
The role of sustainability impact assessments
Sustainability impact assessments (SIA) have been used since 1999 to assess the possible impact of free trade agreements on partner countries. They do not cover human rights explicitly, but do touch upon related issues under the heading of sustainability (e.g. food security concerns). In the new EU trade strategy it is mentioned that the "effects of new FTAs on LDCs" will be analysed, whereas in the past SIAs have been applied to a larger range of FTAs. However, in future the use of the instrument should rather be expanded to all FTAs, and might also look at impacts within the EU.
Additionally, many SIAs carried out so far are not integrating human rights issues in trade policy as demanded by the UN guiding principles. A first range of proposals refers to improving their quality by clearly defining objectives and the structure of SIAs, taking due account of human rights issues. Transparency in the process should be ensured. Scenarios might not only cover different economic assumptions, but also different paradigms with regard to trade policy. SIAs should lay open the trade-offs between human rights and other policy objectives in order to allow for informed decisions.
A second set of ideas centres on the paucity of the actual role and impact of SIAs. Structures should be established to ensure that SIAs are discussed broadly, with stakeholders, within the European Council and the EU Parliament and that outcomes of SIA do have a real impact on on-going negotiations.
The furthest reaching suggestions demand a more comprehensive approach of SIAs. They should examine outcome and impact of negotiated FTAs at all stages: ex ante, during negotiations, and in the implementation phase (monitoring). SIAs should provide an analysis of effects and indicate where policy changes might be necessary in pursuing human rights objectives.
However the guidelines ask for human rights to be the guiding objective in designing FTAs from the start, rather than developing instruments to cope with upcoming problems. FTAs should in principle be supportive to human rights and create an enabling environment to pursue those.
Substantive law – human rights clauses and sustainability chapters
During the last few decades, human rights clauses are included in all EU FTAs, at least in the form of a reference to an umbrella agreement (e.g. Economic Partnership Agreements refer to the Cotonou Agreement). These clauses are the basis for applying sanctions in case of human rights violations in partner countries and the demand has been raised that all EU FTAs should contain such clauses in future. Possibly, human rights issues could be integrated in the list of general exceptions contained in all FTAs. Limitations stem from the fact that FTAs are often negotiated with partners which do not in the same way want to include strong wording on human rights issues. There are, of course, different views on how to deal with this situation.
An important question is how such clauses could be strengthened in order to use FTAs for promoting human rights issues including employment rights and core labour standards. The institutions created by FTAs should be playing an important role in monitoring, with possibly a strong role for civil society in that regard (with the EU CARIFORUM Consultative Committee as a possible example). Independent control and appeal instruments are also important in that respect.
Demanding partner countries to implement steps towards improving the human rights situation before FTAs are ratified (ex ante conditionality) is interesting, but requires careful consideration. Although this has proven effective when applied in several cases by the USA, the approach can be seen as paternalistic and might not take into account enough partner countries' need for support in improving human rights conditions.
GSP+ to promote human rights
The specific incentive arrangement of the EU General System of Preferences (GSP+) has been designed as an incentive for improving governance in third countries, but has shown limited effects. Withdrawal of preferences might be used more actively in order to strengthen the incentive character of the scheme. Preconditions for withdrawal should be formulated more clearly, foresee an independent assessment and a transparent discussion process. This should eventually lead to less arbitrariness in application. Sanctions could be applied in a more targeted manner – by excluding not whole countries from preferences, but only specific products in sectors where human rights problems occur. An additional positive way to support human rights might be to agree with partner countries on a continuing improvement process supported by development co-operation.
A new instrument to be examined with regard to the GSP revision in 2018 would be to grant additional preferences for products complying with sustainability standards. The European Union would need to define criteria for such standards and in a next step, standard organisations such as Fair Trade, Maritime Stewardship Council (MSC), Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) etc., could apply for registration. Such preferences might create an incentive for private companies to increasingly switch to sustainable production methods respecting human rights.
Evita Schmieg is Associate Researcher, German Institute for International and Security Affairs.
Protocols of German hearings on business and human rights are available at http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/DE/Aussenpolitik/Aussenwirtschaft/Wirtschaft-und-Menschenrechte/NAPWiMr_node.html
Photo: Worker in a textile factory, Asmara, Eritrea. Credits: Andrea Moroni/flickr/CC.
Economic Transformation and TradeHuman rightsTradeAfricaGermany
Evita Schmieg
Aid for Trade in German Development Policy
Trade and Human Rights
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Strictures are a common complication of Crohn's disease (CD). While colonoscopy has been proven suitable and effective for dilation therapy of CD-associated strictures of the ileocaecum, the published evidence on safety and efficacy of balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) for balloon dilation therapy of CD strictures of the small intestine is scarce. We therefore performed a pooled safety and efficacy based on individual patient data.
A systematic literature review was performed to assess all relevant citations found in Embase, Medline and the Cochrane library regarding BAE used for EBD of small intestinal CD strictures. In addition, conference proceedings including DDW, ECCO, UEGW, A-IBD, AGA and German Gastroenterology Congress were screened for additional data. Study authors were contacted to provide individual patient data. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise patients' characteristics. Univariate cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to find out possible risk factors for need for re-dilation and surgery. Backward model selection procedure was used and multi-variate cox model were built.
19 publications with a total of 468 CD patients and 1194 performed dilation procedures were included. 25.1% of strictures were anastomotic strictures (74.9% de novo,, respectively). Technical success rate was 88.1%, resulting in clinical efficacy in 78% of patients. Major complications defined as perforation, bleeding or dilation-related surgery occurred in 3.7% of all procedures. During a mean follow-up period of 16 months, 45.7 of patients reported symptomatic recurrence, while 38.1% of patients needed to undergo re-dilation and 27.5% required surgical intervention.
Multi-variate analysis of 210 individual patients identified a 56% higher hazard of re-dilation in CD patients with symptomatic recurrence compared with asymptomatic patients and a 60% higher hazard in patients with prestenotic dilation compared with patients with no prestenotic dilation. Additionally, increased CRP values at dilation (elevation of CRP per 0.1 increased the hazard for surgery by 9.3%) and inflamed mucosa at dilation (4 times increased hazard when compared with non-inflamed mucosa) were identified as risk factors for the need for surgery.
Balloon-assisted enteroscopy for dilatation therapy of CD-associated strictures of the small intestine possesses a high rate of short-term technical and clinical success with acceptable complication rates. Main predictors for intermediate therapeutic failure are prestenostic dilation, increased CRP values and mucosal inflammation at the time of dilation. Endoscopic dilation by BAE is a valuable alternative to surgery in selected patients with small bowel CD associated strictures.


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Home » El Tercer País: San Diego & Tijuana: Two Countries, Two Cities, One Community (Hardcover)
El Tercer País: San Diego & Tijuana: Two Countries, Two Cities, One Community (Hardcover)
By Michael S. Malone
"A fascinating look at the history and future of this mega-region binding Mexico and the United States."--Earl Anthony Wayne, US Ambassador to Mexico (2011-2015)
Two of the most important cities in North America are so physically close they would touch were they not separated by a wall at the US-Mexico border. That border has been a flashpoint of contention for centuries. And yet, the untold reality in San Diego and Tijuana is that tens of thousands of people cross through that wall in both directions--lawfully--each day, to work, go to school, socialize, and visit "the other side of town." While fights over undocumented immigration and drug trafficking continue in their respective countries, the citizens of these two cities have built a separate peace unmatched anywhere else in the world.
El Tercer Pa's tells the story of Tijuana and San Diego for the first time--an unforgettable tale of war and peaceful cooperation, dependency and shared destiny, exploitation and amity. Most of all, it tells the stories of forward-thinking individuals on both sides of the border who have brought the cities together for their mutual benefit. Th is enthralling narrative gives hope for a universal solution to one of this century's most pressing challenges and offers valuable lessons to nations everywhere about creating cross-border, binational partnerships.
I wish El Tercer Pa s: San Diego and Tijuana had been available to me when I first got to Tijuana as a foreign service officer--it would have been a tremendous resource. I recommend it as required reading for all new government officials assigned to the US-Mexico border. Anyone curious about the cross-border movements of people and cargo will find this book an invaluable resource in understanding how modern borders work. --Andrew Erickson, US consul general in Tijuana
Having spent eight years in the Tijuana-San Diego area, I know that both cities, despite their differences, have forged extensive mutual and rewarding connections. El Tercer Pa's brilliantly captures the scope and scale of these ties, traces their origin and evolution, and points to a promising future. Discovering this binational cross-border community may be a surprising revelation for more than one reader. --Remedios G mez Arnau, consul general of Mexico in San Diego
With a clear understanding of what San Diego and Tijuana are individually, El Tercer Pa s: San Diego and Tijuana provides an interesting snapshot of its main character: the border region conformed by these two cities. With a diverse, binational cast of individual and institutional stakeholders, and highlighting the importance of soft power to reinvent the relationship's dynamics, the book sheds light on the importance of collaboration and cooperation at the borderlands, both to face common challenges and to take advantage of the many opportunities. --Carlos Gonz lez Gutierrez, consul general of Mexico in San Diego
Publisher: Silicon Valley Press
Publication Date: December 1st, 2020
Latin America - Mexico
International - Economics & Trade
Paperback (Spanish) (October 2nd, 2020): $17.95
Hardcover (Spanish) (December 1st, 2020): $29.95
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Why deal with spelling in a national park? Because on the Sulphur Banks trail, the park needed to explain the nature of sulfur.
When you think about whether to use U.S., British, or Canadian spellings, think about your audience. When I offer classes in nearby Vancouver, British Columbia, I always update spellings, and I consider using the word brackets for what I normally call parentheses.
This Oxford dictionaries page can help you with the basics, and this list covers most spelling differences--although not sulphur and sulfur. For Canada, a gray area (or grey?) when it comes to choosing between U.S. or British spelling, I consult The Canadian Press Caps and Spelling guide.
One word is always spelled the same way: the Hawaiian word and feeling of aloha.
Each of the three short passages below has one error in the choice of a word. Can you find all three errors? Test your skills.
Bishara's most recent position was principal designer for Barton and Bloss. In the interviews we conducted, his interviewers gave him the highest amount of positive comments compared with the other applicants. Regrettably, Dr. Su was not able to meet with him.
During our vacation in Washington, D.C., we are looking forward to seeing the sites, especially the museums. It will be fun to visit awhile and enjoy our capital and its many treasures.
Avoid ambiguity! When writing to individuals who do not speak your language fluently, use words with fewer alternate meanings, i.e., choose seminar, which has only one meaning, over class, which has many.
Have you made your choices? Below are explanations.
The word principal is correct. If you thought principle might be a better choice for "principal designer," not so. The word principle (le) means only "rule" (le).
Regrettably is also correct. Dr. Su might have had to regretfully decline, but it was regrettable that she was not there.
The incorrect word is amount. Use number with things you can count, like comments: "the highest number of positive comments."
The incorrect word is sites, which means "locations or positions." It should be sights, things to be seen.
And capital is also correct when referring to a capital of a country, state, or province. Use capitol only when referring to the building in which the legislature meets. For the building where the U.S. Congress meets, use Capitol.
The problem is i.e., which means "that is." Example: "He works the graveyard shift, i.e., 11 p.m. to 7 a.m." The test sentence required e.g., which means "for example."
Fewer is correct with countable things: "fewer meanings." Less would be wrong.
If you thought alternate was wrong, you agree with many strict grammarians, who believe alternative should replace it in the test sentence. Alternate implies a substitution: "When a delegate is unavailable, the alternate may vote." It's also correct for "every other": "alternate Saturdays." Alternative is the right word for something nontraditional ("an alternative newspaper") or for a choice ("alternative meanings"). However, the rule is loosening, and some writers accept "alternate meanings."
How did you do? Do you want to invest in your proofreading skills? Take my online self-study course Proofread Like a Pro.
If you would like more practice identifying the right word, get my 60 Quick Word Fixes, which includes a 45-item test. I also recommend Bryan Garner's HBR Guide to Better Business Writing, which includes a 34-page appendix, "Common Usage Gaffes." Besides that, it's an excellent business writing guide.
Which words confuse you? I can trip over some time / sometime / sometimes and palate / palette / pallet, but I just flip through 60 Quick Word Fixes and read my explanation.
Is Your Writing Too Abrupt?
You work against deadlines. Often you have to write quickly, even when the message is complex and somewhat delicate. It's not surprising that you occasionally come across as abrupt when you thought you were being efficient. This problem is especially true in email.
For the past few weeks, I've been getting web design help from an excellent graphic designer, Barb Rowan. When we go back and forth in email, not yet coming to agreement (perhaps with me resisting a new idea), I can feel my stress level rising, and I want to be sure my tension doesn't come across in my writing. In situations like that, it's time to slow down and breathe.
Speed is not efficient when the result is an abrupt, unkind message. It can take hours or days to resolve misunderstandings and repair morale when something has come across as tactless and abrupt.
Here are 10 simple ways I recommend to warm up your message and reduce the risk of hurt feelings.
Rather than going straight to your point, start with "Hi," "Hello," "Good morning," "Greetings," or another opener. A greeting acknowledges that you are communicating with another human being—not a machine. In a quick exchange of messages you can, of course, skip the greeting. But when you write again the following day, include one.
2. Use the person's name.
3. Use your own first name.
In email, many people use automatic signatures with their full name. Others use no name at all—they just end the message. But signing (typing) your first name warms up the message, creating a connection between you and the reader.
These tips come from my award-winning book, Business Writing With Heart. It's a great gift for a new college grad or for someone reentering the workforce. Get it from me at Syntax Training, buy it on Amazon, or order it from your favorite bookseller.
4. Use complete sentences to avoid sounding cold or sarcastic.
5. Include words and phrases that communicate warmth and connection.
6. Avoid cool, canned language.
7. Be clear when you are agreeing with the person or echoing their views.
8. Avoid the word immediately or now when you are writing with a request or assigning a task.
Your reader may have several other immediate jobs, and your request may seem pushy and unreasonable, even if you are the boss. If something must be done immediately, stop by in person, phone, or email to ask whether the individual has time available. Assume that the other person is as busy as you—even busier.
9. Read your message aloud—exactly as it is on the page or screen.
Reading aloud helps you recognize how your writing may sound to others. You may have merely stated a fact when you wrote "Handling the Walters account is your responsibility." Reading it aloud, though, you may notice a hint of criticism that you did not intend. When you can, wait at least a few minutes between writing your note and reading it aloud. That way, your impression will be fresher—similar to your reader's fresh view.
10. Have someone read your message before you send it.
This step can be especially helpful when your communication will go to a group and when the reaction to it may not be positive. Your test reader can think about the people in the group and how to help them react positively to your message.
Often abruptness is accidental. But sometimes it comes across because of the writer's underlying feeling of resentment, irritation, or entitlement. At all times, do your best to focus on the big picture, the higher goal, and the long term when you write. While it might feel good to put down, unsettle, or get the best of a colleague in writing, resist that temptation.
When you are hurt or angry, write a retaliatory message in your mind, have a big laugh (or cry) about it, and then do the right thing: behave generously and professionally. The cost of repairing the damage of a rude or abrupt message—in time, money, morale, and frustration—is just too great.
Do you have tips to reduce abruptness? Please share them.
Would you like to take your business writing to the next level? Try out my online course Business Writing Tune-Up.
Do You Use "Who" or "That" to Refer to People?
When I talked about the rules of writing to a group of professional communicators, the first question they raised was this: Is it acceptable to use both who and that to refer to people, or is only who correct?
Before I share my response, consider the question. Which word would you use in the sentences below?
We need to hire someone who/that speaks Japanese.
A person who/that doesn't rely on public transportation may not support transit subsidies.
I'm looking for the man who/that turned in the tickets.
Did you choose who or that? Or did your answer vary depending on the sentence?
Normally I would give you my answers now, but the answer for every example is this: It depends on which style manual you use.
The Chicago Manual of Style recommends who for people; that for a person, animal, or thing.
Where is the man who spoke?
Any building that is taller must be outside the state.
The Associated Press Stylebook recommends this approach: Use who to refer to "human beings and to animals with a name"; use that to refer to "inanimate objects and to animals without a name."
We need a designer who understands us.
It was Pixie who dug up the glove.
The raccoon that startled me scared the neighbors too.
Garner's Modern English Usage supports both who and that to refer to people. Under the entry for who/whom, it says, "Who is the relative pronoun for human beings." But under the entry for that, Garner defends its use: "'People that' has always been good English, and it's a silly fetish to insist that who is the only relative pronoun that can refer to humans."
Garner adds that editors tend to prefer who.
For experienced users who want to alter the standard configuration . . .
The Gregg Reference Manual gives the most complex advice after noting that both who and that are used to refer to people. Gregg states: "Select who when the individual person or the individuality of a group is meant, that when a class or type is meant."
She is the only member who welcomed me.
A candidate that has plenty of money can stay in the race longer.
Being an animal lover with an English spring spaniel whose name is Katy, I'm going to follow The AP Stylebook and use who for all references to people and animals with names.
Thanks to Grammarly for flagging typos, especially one that almost caught me in an incorrect verb. Try it.
I love it when a book on language teaches me a lesson. The African Svelte: Ingenious Misspellings That Make Surprising Sense, a guide by Daniel Menaker filled with humorous, elegant word errors, taught me that I'd better slow down and think if I want to catch errors that have eased into English.
The book contains 101 gems of errors that may sneak by copyeditors. To test yourself, see if you can find the errors in this list that Menaker's found examples inspired. Not every sentence contains an error.
With 10 inches of rain this month, we are all sobbing wet.
Singers should let their vocal chords rest before a concert.
The music waivered from quiet to intense.
Having only a virtual office would be unchartered waters for us.
They accused the editors of navel gazing.
This budget plan doesn't pass mustard.
All the curly cues in her writing remind me of my childhood diary.
This rollercoaster isn't for the feint of heart.
She is a shoe-in for re-election.
Did you have to think twice about some of them? In fact, only one sentence stands up to a copyeditor's scrutiny. Do you know which one?
In Number 1 (incorrect as is) we should have been "sopping wet," but the words sopping and sobbing sound similar, and tears are wet. Menaker takes the relationships between sobbing, sopping, and soup much further in a discussion word lovers will savor.
In Number 2 (incorrect as is) singers should rest their vocal cords, but the musical connotation of chords fits perfectly.
Numbers 6 through 10 should be "pass muster," "curlicues," "faint of heart," "shoo-in," and "heart-rending." You'll have to read The African Svelte for the explanations.
Of course, the title The African Svelte would correctly be "The African Veldt." Menaker found that error so "svelte" itself that he named such word pearls sveltes. Thus the title.
Along with terrific drawings by Roz Chast, wonderful errors fill the book: "feta com plea," "wet your appetite," "wanna-bees," "undo stress" (wouldn't we all like to do that?), "vast asleep," "pillow of strength," "I besiege you," "no-nothings," and "cacoughany" (that's my favorite, although "spreading like wildflowers" is a close second). The errors alone are worth the price of the book ($20.00 in hardcover), especially for writers, copyeditors, and proofreaders, who need to know this stuff.
The discussions of language are bonus material. I enjoyed learning, in the discussion of the error "run the gammot," that gamut is a name for the musical scale. Now I know where "run the gamut" comes from. I also learned that in "dead ringer" (not "dead wringer") the word ringer referred to a racehorse that replaced another horse in a race, fooling bettors. Who knew?
American Indian languages: moccasin, moose, pecan.
Hindi and Urdu: cot, dinghy, cheetah, guru.
African languages: banana, jumbo, zebra, yam.
Menaker also offered a few new words that seem to be sticking: chick lit, staycation, onesie, cyberbully, infotainment, locavore, and guestimate.
Acceptability. Through analyzing usage data, the Oxford English Dictionary tries to keep track of this phenomenon, and when the "incorrect"—they don't use "correct" or "incorrect," but I do—spelling begins to rival or overtakes the correct one, the OED includes the former mistake as a "valid alternative" to the original spelling of the word. Some examples of the kinds of statistics the dictionary takes into consideration when deciding on "valid alternatives": For every 97 times "moot point" appears, "mute point" appears 3. "Sleight of hand" to slight of hand," 85 to 15. . . . And all the way to "strait-laced" giving way to "straight-laced," 34 to 66.
I strongly recommend The African Svelte (256 pages, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016) for writers, copyeditors, proofreaders, and people who love language. Get it online or at your favorite "brick and mortal" (a Menaker svelte) bookstore.
If you need an extra set of copyediting or proofreading eyes to review your proposal, manuscript, or another piece of writing, try Scribendi. One of my partners, they provide high-quality editorial services at reasonable fees.
Would you like to catch errors before your clients and customers do? Take my course Proofread Like a Pro.


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Council communism is a current of communist thought that emerged in the 1920s. Inspired by the November Revolution, council communism was opposed to state socialism and advocated workers' councils and council democracy. Strong in Germany and the Netherlands during the 1920s, council communism continues to exist as a small minority in the left.

History

Emergence
Council communism emerged in the years after 1918, as some communists in Germany and the Netherlands concluded that the Russian Revolution had led to power being concentrated in the hands of a new political elite. Its most prominent early proponents were the German educator Otto Rühle, the Dutch astronomer Anton Pannekoek, and the Dutch poet Herman Gorter. They were initially enthusiastic supporters of the Bolsheviks and the Russian Revolution. In 1918, Gorter said that the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin "stands out above all other leaders of the Proletariat" and that Karl Marx was Lenin's sole peer. In 1919, Pannekoek wrote that "in Russia communism has been put into practice for two years now".

When the Communist Party of Germany (KDP) was formed in December 1918, a majority in the party was opposed to electoral politics and trade unionism. These positions placed it to the left of Bolshevik orthodoxy. In 1919, the Communist International (Comintern) was formed to promote Bolshevik policies internationally. In October 1919, Paul Levi, the head of the KPD leadership, pushed through a new party line that followed the Comintern's policies. This line called for participation in parliamentary elections and fighting for control of established labor unions. In effect, this forced the left majority out of the party and about half of its 100,000 members left. In April 1920, the left formed the Communist Workers' Party of Germany (KAPD) with an initial membership of about 38,000. The move was partly motivated by the fact that the left perceived the KPD's reaction to the Kapp Putsch as weak. The same year, the General Workers' Union of Germany (AAUD) was formed as a revolutionary labor union partly modeled on the American Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). It was seen by some as the union federation affiliate of the KAPD.

In 1918, Gorter wrote the pamphlet The World Revolution pointing to differences between the situations in Russia and Western Europe. Pannekoek asserted in World Revolution and Communist Tactics, a pamphlet he published in 1920, that communist tactics in Western Europe were necessarily different from those in Russia. He argued that in Western Europe the bourgeoisie was more established and experienced and that as a result class struggle must oppose bourgeois institutions such as parliaments and trade unions. He emphasized the importance of class consciousness among the masses and deemed the avant-garde party model advocated by the Bolsheviks a potential obstacle to revolution.

Immediately after the KAPD's formation, it sought admission to the Comintern. At the Second World Congress of the Comintern in 1920, the Comintern leaders Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Grigory Zinoviev unanimously rejected the KAPD's positions. An open letter by the Comintern's executive committee informed the KAPD that the Comintern fully supported the KPD in its dispute with the left. Some KAPD delegates left the congress early in protest. Lenin criticized the KAPD, Pannekoek, and other left groups in the 1920 pamphlet "Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder, accusing them of spreading confusion. He claimed that a refusal to work in parliaments and labor unions would leave workers under the influence of reactionary leaders. He conceded that there were considerable differences between Russia and the more advanced countries in Western Europe, but held that "it is the Russian model that reveals to all countries something – and something highly significant – of their near and inevitable future" and that certain features of the Russian Revolution were universally valid. Gorter took on the task of answering Lenin. His Open Letter to Comrade Lenin reiterated the argument that the differences in the class structure between East and West necessitated differences in communist tactics.

Despite this dispute, the KAPD, and other similar groups, initially sought to change the international communist movement from within. At the Third World Congress of the Comintern in 1921, the KAPD failed to rally a left opposition and therefore withdrew from the International. The council communist critique of Bolshevism became more fundamental. Council communists concluded that the Bolsheviks were not in fact building socialism. In 1921, Pannekoek argued that the Russian Revolution was but a bourgeois revolution like the French Revolution. Gorter characterized it as initially a dual revolution, a working-class revolution against capitalism and a capitalist revolution against feudalism, but argued that this dualism was resolved with the New Economic Policy of 1921 and that Soviet Russia had become unambiguously a capitalist state.

By 1921, council communism had broken with the official communist movement and formed a distinct current, according to the historian Marcel van der Linden. Many authors agree with van der Linden in dating the emergence of council communism to the early 1920s, but others, like Philippe Bourrinet and John Gerber, refer to the tendency as the Dutch–German form of left communism during this period and date the advent of council communism to the 1930s. According to Frits Kool, the term council communism was first used by Franz Pfemfert in 1921. According to van der Linden, council communism was defined by five basic principles:
Capitalism was in decline and had to be abolished immediately.
It had to be replaced by workers' control over the economy through council democracy.
The bourgeoisie manipulated the working class with its social democratic allies in order to maintain capitalism.
This manipulation must be resisted by boycotting electoral politics and fighting traditional labor unions.
The Soviet Union was not an alternative to capitalism, but a new type of capitalism.
The German and Dutch left was part of a broader left communist movement that pushed back against the imposition of the Bolshevik model on Western Europe. In Vienna, Georg Lukács emphasized the importance of the spontaneity of the working class. In Italy, Amadeo Bordiga was opposed to electoral politics, but had little regard for councils as the basis for a reorganization of society and advocated vanguard parties as Lenin did. In Russia, the Workers' Opposition criticized the bureaucratization of working-class organizations and sympathized with the KAPD.

According to Hans Manfred Bock, the leadership of the German council communist movement consisted mostly of intellectuals who had already been part of the left wing of the SPD before World War I as well as younger intellectuals, people with a Bohemian background and academics, who were radicalized by the war. Its membership consisted mostly of younger workers who had not been politically active before the war and former soldiers embittered by the brutality of the war.

In September 1921, the Communist Workers' Party of the Netherlands (KAPN) was formed as a Dutch analog to the KAPD. Gorter was supportive of this decision and became its chief spokesman, but Pannekoek was skeptical because he felt conditions for a new organization were not ripe in the Netherlands. The KAPN was modeled on the KAPD and its program was nearly identical to the German party's. It did not, however, manage to replicate the KAPD's mass base and never had more than 200 members. In Bulgaria, too, there was a left communist wing in the Communist Party. Led by Ivan Ganchev and influenced by the KAPD, the left formed the Bulgarian Communist Workers' Party (BRKP) in January 1922. It had just over a thousand members, mostly workers and few intellectuals. In the United Kingdom, the former suffragist Sylvia Pankhurst, also opposed to parliamentary politics, was excluded from the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) in September 1921. She formed the Communist Workers' Party (CWP) in February 1922. It claimed to have 500 members, but likely had far fewer.

Decline
From its inception, the KAPD was beset by disputes and internal turmoil. The party was composed of a wide variety of political tendencies and it did not create stable organizations, as its proponents feared they could become bureaucratic and hold back the working class's revolutionary dynamic.  As Weimar Germany stabilized in the early 1920s and the council movement of the German Revolution ebbed, the disputes became more pronounced.

As early as the KAPD's founding congress, Rühle and Franz Pfemfert, the editor of the journal Die Aktion, were opposed to any centralized party structures and the traditional division of the labor movement into political parties and economic labor unions. In his 1920 brochure Revolution is not a Party Matter, Rühle argued that the goal of the revolutionary movement was to take over production and therefore had no need for a party, which would necessarily become opportunist. Accordingly, Rühle and his supporters left the KAPD in November 1920 and, when it became clear that the pro-KAPD faction was in control of the AAUD in June 1921, they set up the AAUD–Unitary Organization (AAUD–E). The AAUD–E criticized the KAPD for differing from the KPD only in its rejection of parliamentarianism. At the KAPD's second congress in August 1920, the National Bolshevik wing of the party was expelled. This wing was led by Heinrich Laufenberg and Fritz Wolffheim. They supported a strong German nation that, after a successful proletarian revolution, would ally itself with the Soviet Union in a struggle against Western capital and militarism. They also invoked anti-Semitic stereotypes in their critique of Paul Levi, claiming that "because Levi is a Jew, he will play the card of Jewish finance-capital".

The next major dispute in the KAPD concerned the formation of a new International opposed to the Comintern, the participation of the AAUD in wage struggles, and the role of the party's leadership around Karl Schröder. Schröder's leadership in the KAPD became increasingly controversial and he was perceived by some as attempting to exert dictatorial control. Politically, Schröder's faction argued that capitalism was in a final crisis that would lead to its demise, but that workers were not yet ready for capitalism's end as they were still under the control of reformist leaders. From this they concluded that the KAPD's role was to firmly adhere to strict revolutionary principles so it could lead workers at a later time. Schröder's opponents agreed that capitalism was in decline, but for them this implied the necessity of a struggle to win workers over and they were more open to flexibility in tactics such as participation in wage struggles, which Schröder dismissed as reformism. In March 1922, this dispute led to a split into an Essen tendency, led by Schröder, and a Berlin tendency, each with its own AAUD affiliate. The Berlin tendency was stronger, but most intellectuals in the KAPD including Gorter joined the Essen tendency. Pannekoek was exasperated by the factionalism in the movement and stayed out of the dispute, though he mostly sympathized with the Berlin tendency.

After the KAPD withdrew from the Comintern in 1921, its leadership decided to make plans for the formation of a new International. Schröder and Gorter supported this, but many in the organization were skeptical that the time was right for this move. In April 1922, after the party split, the Essen KAPD and the KAPN formed the Communist Workers' International (KAI). The BRKP and the CWP joined later. The KAI also claimed to have a Russian affiliate, but in reality it only consisted of two Russians living in Berlin. Gorter wrote the KAI's program. Its organizational structure was similar to the Comintern's, but it never attained any significant influence or activity. The split in the KAPD was replicated in the Bulgarian and Dutch organizations, as groups in each party supported the Essen KAPD and others the Berlin KAPD.

After 1922, the council communist organizations declined and disintegrated. The German organizations were down to 20,000 supporters in 1923 and just a few hundred by 1933. The Essen KAPD declined most quickly. In 1923, a faction left to form the League of Council Communists, most of whose members then joined the AAUD–E. In 1925, the Essen KAPD's main leaders including Schröder left to rejoin the SPD as they thought the revival of the council movement of the revolutionary period unlikely. In 1927, Gorter died and by 1929 the group could not afford to publish its newspaper. The Berlin KAPD, having lost its leadership and theorists to the Essen KAPD, spent the next years issuing repeated and widely ignored calls for insurrection. In 1927, it lost its AAUD affiliate which declared itself a party in its own right. The AAUD–E quickly became an assortment of individual groups and tendencies rather than a coherent organization. It lost its leading theorist Rühle in 1925, when he concluded that the political situation was too reactionary for revolutionary politics. In 1927, it merged with a group excluded from the KPD and a union organization to form the Spartacist League of Left Communist Organizations, which in turn merged with the Berlin AAUD in 1931 to create the Communist Workers' Union of Germany, but this organization had a membership of just 343.

By the early 1930s, council communism as a large-scale movement had come to an end. According to John Gerber, council communism was a product of the post-war turmoil and, as a result of the end of the council movement, the council communists' politics became abstract. He also attributes council communism's decline as a mass movement to failures by its proponents. They did not develop a politics that could survive under a stabilized capitalism. Council communists did not gain an understanding of the composition of the council movement, the reasons for its decline, and the influence of Leninism and democracy on workers. All this was exacerbated, according to Gerber, by council communists' dogmatism and a lack of leadership at the lower levels.

Continuation in small groups
After the Nazis took power in Germany in 1933, organized council communism disappeared, although a few groups continued in the resistance to the regime. It continued in several small groups in the Netherlands. The Group of International Communists (GIC) became a coordinating center for international debates until the late 1930s. It published the movement's central texts, most prominently Henk Canne Meijer's "The Rise of a New Labour Movement" and Helmut Wagner's "Theses on Bolshevism". Council communists popped up in several other countries. The German emigrant Paul Mattick brought it to the United States where he published the International Council Correspondence. J.A. Dawson published the Southern Advocate of Workers' Councils in Australia and Laín Diez published council communist texts in Chile.

The 1960s student movement led to a brief resurgence of council communism, mainly in France, Italy, and Germany. After the decline of the 1968 movement, it mostly disappeared again, but for a few small groups in Europe and North America.

Theory
While sharing a common general direction, council communists differed widely in their views on many issues.

In contrast to reformist social democracy and to Leninism, the central argument of council communism is that democratic workers councils arising in factories and municipalities are the natural form of working class organisation and governmental power, maintaining that the working class should not rely on Leninist vanguard parties or reforms of the capitalist system to bring socialism. Alternatively, the party would maintain a propagandic and "minoritarian" role. Council communists see the mass strike and new yet to emerge forms of mass action as revolutionary means to achieve a communist society. Where the network of worker councils would be the main vehicle for revolution, acting as the apparatus by which the dictatorship of the proletariat forms and operates.

The government and the economy should be managed by workers' councils composed of delegates elected at workplaces and recallable at any moment. As such, council communists oppose authoritarian socialism. They also oppose the idea of a revolutionary party since council communists believe that a party-led revolution will necessarily produce a party dictatorship.

Council communism and other types of libertarian Marxism such as autonomism are often viewed as being similar to anarchism due to similar criticisms of Leninist ideologies for being authoritarian and the rejection of the idea of a vanguard party. As such, it is referred to as anti-authoritarian and anti-Leninist Marxism.

References

Sources

Further reading

External links
 Left-Wing, Anti-Bolshevik and Council Communism Archive at Marxists.org

Anti-Stalinist left
Communism
Far-left politics
Left communism


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You are here: Home › Restaurant Reviews › The Butchers Social in Harborne, Birmingham
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The Butchers Social in Harborne, Birmingham
April 7, 2015 | Filed under: Restaurant Reviews	and tagged with: Birmingham, breakfast, eggs Benedict, Harborne, Harborne Food School, kimchi pork bap, pop-up, The Butchers Social
Pop-up restaurants represent one of the most refreshing additions to the UK dining scene of the past five years – and one of the most annoying.
Temporary restaurants in sometimes vacant, sometimes partly occupied premises, have given young chefs and hipster entrepreneurs low-cost opportunities to test the market. Do black pudding sliders work? Just stack them up on a Saturday night and see if they fly, or dive-bomb.
I love the philosophy of the pop-up, a democratic, Stick It To The Man motivation, bypassing the corporate world of lock-in leases, sterile branding and poorly refined, poorly delivered dining.
Those with talent can gain a foothold in a market that has tired of faux sophistication; good luck to them if they succeed. We are in the midst of the inexorable rise of the casual dining culture and there are huge opportunities for passionate teams with the necessary culinary skills, business acumen and vision.
But like any movement, there are those who look to exploit the spirit of the pop-up. We get self-styled chefs of dubious training and no apparent reputation launching "residencies" (surely one of the most ludicrous developments in ego-driven cheffiness) as well as businesses with clearly ambitious plans barely concealing their aspirations under the guise that "we're just doing a pop up for now…" No more pop tarts, please.
Thankfully, the team behind Birmingham's latest pop-up are the real deal – not least because they're not entirely sure what they are doing.
It's not that the partners behind The Butchers Social in Harborne are clueless. Far from it. Mike Bullard, who has been a chef lecturer at University College Birmingham, and Jamie Desogus are established chefs whose CVs include stints at lauded restaurants including New York's Le Bernardin and Per Se and Restaurant Gordon Ramsay in London. And West Bromwich Albion Football Club.
The Butchers Social in Harborne High Street
The duo have taken over the former Walter Smith's butchers in the High Street and have plans to turn the unit into an exciting new restaurant blending ambitious cooking with informality. They have been trying out the format with, yes, a pop up, at Harborne Food School and reports are positive.
But before the developers move into the old butchers later in the summer, Bullard and Desogus have a vacant building on their hands. They can cook, Harborne has hungry mouths, an affluent catchment area and a High Street pretty much devoid of stripped-back urban cool.
Thus was the idea of The Butchers Social born: a pop-up banging out chicken wings of all flavours, local beers from Two Towers Brewery and G&T's with Langley's No 8 brewed locally at Warley.
Make-shift shelving inside The Butchers Social
For the first two nights, spread over two weekends, The Butchers Social concentrated on multiple-flavours of wings (lavender and Szechuan, black treacle, soy and sesame, maple barbecue) at £6 for half a kilo and £10 for a kilo. The food was stepped up for the Easter weekend, when the venue opened over four days, including for brunch.
I had a good kimchi roast pork bap on Friday, having watched the free range Staffordshire piggy being lowered into the slow cooker on Thursday night.
This little piggy went to Harborne
The pork was perked up with Asian spices and had good heat; the bread was functional. A promising work in progress.
The kimchi pork bap isn't a piece of art but it packs a punch
The pork was also served in traditional style with apple sauce and stuffing. My tip: ask for crackling and pack it inside the bun to get some snappy, fatty texture. I drank a pint of Two Towers' Chamberlain Pale Ale, which went far too quickly.
There is seating around sanded down, wooden pallets that have been DIY assembled into tables. There is standing down one side and there are sofas and more pallets in a back room. It's rough and just about ready and it is all the better for that.
I returned with my family on Easter Sunday for "brunch and bubbles," enjoying a bottle of Prosecco to celebrate Polly's birthday.
We worked our way through the corned beef hash and fried egg (£7.50), eggs Benedict with bacon (£6.50) and, due to dietary requirements, fried eggs and bacon rather than a bacon buttie (£3).
Everything was freshly prepared and simply presented. The corned beef hash was very good.
By midday Sunday, Bullard looked like he'd been working non-stop for four days, which is pretty much what he had been doing.
Barbecue and maple syrup wings with crispy onions
Inevitably, there will be a drop off after the initial interest but I can't see The Butchers Social being anything other than a success. The problem for Bullard and Desogus will be what to do when attention turns to converting the old butchers shop into a full-time restaurant with a very different food and service offering.
Based on the early success of The Butchers Social, if the partners don't keep doing what they are doing at another nearby location, someone else will. There is clearly a ready market in B17. If you butcher it, they will come…
Fit as a butcher's dog… a canine chum waits for its owner at The Butchers Social
Written by Richard McComb
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Yesterday I wasn't teaching, I wasn't in the worship band, and I wasn't at the information desk. I had a Sunday morning off. Yes you read that correctly, a Sunday morning off. Those of you who serve in ministry will realize how rare this is. I'm sure at some point someone has dubbed the Sunday off as 'The Ministry Unicorn', and if that hasn't been done before, well, consider it done now.
These days off, where we just get to be, are really good for me (and everybody, right?). I really wish that churches made their pastors and staff take more Sundays off. Obviously it's our job to work on Sunday mornings, so I understand why pastors aren't given many off, but still, it should be standard procedure to give staff and volunteers more Sundays off.
1. If you aren't preparing for the coming Sunday's festivities you have more time to dedicate to other important areas of ministry. It opens up time in the week to think on long term vision and goals, to work on large projects, to spend more time with people, to do some deeper reading, etc.
2. It let's you better take in the ministry of your Sunday services from the eyes of the congregant. If you aren't 'on' you can participate fully in the worship, listen intently during the sermon and engage in fellowship before and after the service.
3. Rest. Prevent burn out in your staff and volunteers by giving them the occasional Sunday off.
These are just a few thoughts but since the Sunday off was fresh in my mind I thought I'd get them out of my head and onto the screen.
What do you think? Am I off-base or am I on to something?


text:
Review: Widows
by Andrew Parker November 14, 2018
One of the best crime epics of all time, Steve McQueen's thrilling and richly developed Widows will leave viewers in speechless awe.
Giveaway: 'The Fate of the Furious' on Blu-ray
Getting ready for a little speed. The Fate of the Furious is out now on Blu-ray, and The GATE is giving away five copies to fans who want to see Dom behind the wheel again.
DVD Tuesday: 'Machete' and 'Dinner For Schmuks'
by W. Andrew Powell January 4, 2011
Happy New Year, movie fans. Ringing in the new year are a hand full of new movies which debut on DVD and Blu-ray this week. This week's big releases include: Robert Rodriguez's grindhouse extravaganza, Machete, starring Danny Trejo; Steve Carell and Paul Rudd star in the comedy, Dinner For Schmucks; and a look at Jay Roach's horror film, The Last Exorcism.
DVD Tuesday: 'The Last Airbender' and 'A Christmas Carol'
Coming out this week on Blu-ray and DVD: M. Night Shyamalan delivers the adaptation of the effect-laden The Last Airbender; Jim Carrey leads Disney's animated remake of A Christmas Carol; plus a look at James Cameron's Avatar: Extedned Edition.
Lindsay Lohan does 'Machete'
Thank you, Ethan Maniquis and Robert Rodriguez. After months of lead-up I finally got to see Machete last night and it was definitely kick-ass.
Film Friday: 'Takers' and 'The Last Exorcism'
by W. Andrew Powell August 27, 2010
Opening in theatres this weekend: Matt Dillon stars in the heist-thriller, Takers; a preacher has a test of faith as he faces the first real possession of his life in The Last Exorcism; and James Cameron's epic 3D adventure Avatar returns to theatres.
DVD Tuesday: 'The Young Victoria' and 'Minority Report'
by W. Andrew Powell April 20, 2010
New this week on home video, Emily Blunt stars in The Young Victoria; plus Steven Spielberg's Minority Report and James Cameron's epic Avatar both arrive on Blu-ray.
Film Friday: 'Avatar' & 'Young Victoria'
The wait for James Cameron's massive big-screen epic is finally over this weekend as Avatar opens in theatres, and in IMAX. Also opening is the period drama The Young Victoria starring Emily Blunt, and the romantic comedy Did You Hear About the Morgans?