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Animating Tension: A Conversation with Leslie Jamison
Sarah Neilson interviews Leslie Jamison
LESLIE JAMISON IS NO STRANGER to tough questions. In fact, she's undyingly attracted to them. Her three previous works — the novel The Gin Closet (2010), the essay collection The Empathy Exams (2014), and the memoir The Recovering: Intoxication and Its Aftermath (2018) — all deal explicitly with addiction, relationships, and other big, messy ideas.
Her latest collection of essays, Make It Scream, Make It Burn, uses 14 seemingly disparate topics — from an anthropomorphized whale to the virtual world of Second Life to Jamison's own eating disorder and pregnancy — to grapple with the innate tensions between seer and seen, individuality and universality, inner and outer worlds. Moving in a thematic spiral from outward gaze to inward reckoning, these essays blur the lines we draw for ourselves when we seek categorization.
I sat down with Jamison to talk about obsession, narrative structure, art and journalism, Arlette Farge, and corporeality.
SARAH NEILSON: You write in Make It Scream, Make It Burn about the drive, even craving, to find or create a cohesive story. Below the surface of the seemingly disparate subjects of these essays is the human longing for connection or meaning. But the sheer variety of jumping-off points is stunning — from a unique whale in the Pacific, to a museum of breakup memorabilia, to a group of ostensibly reincarnated people, to the virtual world of Second Life, to tourism in Sri Lanka, to a philosophical analysis of James Agee's Let Us Now Praise Famous Men (1941), to name a few. How do you approach a new (and sometimes obscure) topic and begin to craft (or search out) a narrative?
LESLIE JAMISON: Diving into a topic with an intrinsically fascinating surface texture — past life memories! the loneliest whale in the world! the museum full of break-up relics! — is like starting with training wheels. And variety keeps things dynamic and evolving; it keeps the act of returning to recurring obsessions from getting stale. There are certain obsessions — certain animating tensions — that I will always come back to: the friction between this deep longing for intimacy and all the things that are difficult to inhabit about intimacy; the way we crave community but always find ways of feeling apart from others, from the world, from home; the yearning to know other people and the impossibility of ever knowing them. I'm going to be obsessed with those tensions no matter what. They'll follow me wherever I go. But I think there's some relief from the claustrophobia of those obsessions to have the concrete terrain of every investigation be a little bit different, whether it's looking at my own life or looking at the world around me through criticism or reportage.
There's something so exciting about an essay collection — it's a book that can hold the multiplicity of looking in many different directions. When I land inside a new investigation, it's an exciting stage because I don't need to have the narrative all figured out. And I think that's one of the reasons that sometimes I'm really bad at pitching pieces to magazines. Because, honestly, what a pitch involves is some version of knowing the narrative before it's played out, which is pretty much antithetical to the whole project for me. I can know some of the animating questions before I start out, but if I'm doing my job right, even the questions end up being something different than I thought they were going to be at the outset.
There's something simultaneously terrifying and liberating about not knowing the story when I begin. With the first essay in the collection, "52 Blue," about "the loneliest whale in the world," I had a very specific vision of how I wanted my research process to play out: I wanted to establish a relationship with Mary Ann Daher, the scientist who had studied the whale, and hear about her experience of researching the whale, writing about the whale, and then hearing from all of these many and diverse strangers who had become obsessed with the whale as a symbol of their loneliness or a symbol of their triumphant solitude. I hoped that she was going to share with me the letters that she'd gotten from these countless strangers.
But the research process didn't play out that way at all. She was sick of talking to the media and didn't want to share her heartwarming letters from strangers. So I ended up having to find other ways of getting people to talk and building relationships with them. So there's a way in which you have to learn the research methodology as you go along: whatever combination of research, archives, interviews, reading, thinking it's going to take to get you into a given story, you have to be willing to constantly abandon or revise your notions of how the research is going to play out. In terms of figuring out what intellectual or conceptual story I'm crafting, it always has to be utterly responsive to the materials.
Most of these essays deal in some way with what it means to have a sense of self. You write about this in The Recovering too — that recovery asks you to understand yourself and your identity as unoriginal and interchangeable. In the essay "We Tell Ourselves Stories in Order to Live Again," you draw an explicit line between recovery and reincarnation. And yet, in the same essay, you wonder, "Was it naïve or even ethically irresponsible to believe I should find common ground with everyone, or that it was even possible?" This paradox of being completely unoriginal and yet existing apart from others — sometimes in ways that might compromise ethics — is fascinating; it seems to be one of those unanswerable questions (of which there are many in this book). Can you talk about coming to terms with this kind of moral and existential ambivalence?
With almost all of the ideas I'm interested in, I find myself drawn to tensions rather than resolutions. And certainly one of those tensions is the tension between identification and recognition of difference. My heart is often drawn toward resonance and lines of connection and identification — ways into the anchoring truth that so much experience is shared, that so many things you feel have been felt before. There's a kind of fundamental grace and consolation in that sharedness. But alongside that heart-pull toward identification, I have a strong intellectual skepticism, a belief that totalizing identification is a fallacy.
I'm constantly calling myself back to say, "Is it naïve to identify too fully with other people? Does it elide differences in irresponsible ways? Does it become a kind of moral relativism to identify too strongly or too quickly?" But in the end I'm less interested in settling either on identification or on some kind of absolutist notion of difference and more interested in shuttling back and forth between those two ideas.
One of the little through-lines across various essays in the collection is the way my tattoo keeps showing up in my own mind or in conversations; the tattoo says, "Nothing human is alien to me." Having that literally written in ink on my arm forces me to keep testing out that idea in various contexts. When I'm talking to a guy in Louisiana with a lot of guns in "We Tell Ourselves Stories in Order to Live Again," for example, or when I'm in Sri Lanka in "Up in Jaffna," what does it mean for me to want to believe that nothing is alien to me? How can that verge into the dangerous territory of wanting to apologize for everything or excuse everything, or the hubris of thinking I "get" everything? I come up against the fact that there are lots of things in the world that are alien to me, and there's an arrogance in presuming otherwise. It's less that I want to completely affirm or completely invalidate the tattoo on my arm and more that I'm interested in the electricity of it being constantly challenged.
In the section entitled "Looking," you write about how there can be beauty in violence and that representation — through reporting, photography, or documentation of some kind — can be inherently exploitative. You also explore whether self-aware moral handwringing within documentaries (such as Agee's Let Us Now Praise Famous Men or, to an extent, Annie Appel's photography in Maximum Exposure) is "melodramatic" and perhaps even self-aggrandizing. What are your thoughts on the role the writer does/should play in reported work?
Self-aware moral handwringing is only one of many ways that a reporter can become present as an "I" figure in the narrative. There are many different ways to feel the presence of an "I," and that kind of guilty confession is only one of them. Some of the other ones that are interesting to me have to do with ways in which the emotional backstory of a reporter gets activated or charged or becomes relevant inside a piece.
In my own writing, one example of that would be "Museum of Broken Hearts," where I go to the Museum of Broken Relationships in Zagreb. I'm occupying a reportorial self to some extent in that piece because I'm doing interviews with the founder of the museum, and I came to the museum as a critic, examining all the installations in the museum, all these relics from strangers' relationships. But a straight reportorial version of that piece was not at all the version I was interested in writing because, to me, the real heat and heart of it comes from allowing myself to also be a deeply subjective, deeply emotional voice — thinking about the objects that rise to memory from past relationships of my own and how those objects deliver me to these more fundamental questions: How do relationships keep living inside us even when they're done? Why do we have some teleological sense that intimacy is only worthwhile if it lasts forever, or that it has to occupy some kind of progressive marriage plot line or else the relationship has failed?
The play between introspection and the outward gaze of journalism is more interesting than either one on its own. But I'm constantly adjudicating how much of myself to put in a piece. For me, it's always about the presence of a certain kind of self-consciousness that delivers you to some idea that you couldn't have gotten to otherwise. I think moral handwringing in and of itself seems gratuitous and unnecessary and obtrusive when it simply seems to be there as a kind of preemptive inoculation; it feels sort of static, or just self-protective. But if there's a way that the moral handwringing can deliver you to some new idea, then I think it's doing something more dynamic.
So, for example, with Agee, he has this fantasy of having an orgy with one of his subjects (and his photographer, Walker Evans), and there is clearly something very offensive about it. But at the same time, I think it acknowledges what's often already there: an implicitly or even explicitly erotic relationship between a journalist and a subject. And by bringing that kind of self-consciousness into his text, Agee gives himself the opportunity to analyze that erotic exchange and what it holds: for him, the desire to feel somehow horizontal with his subject rather than just vertically regarding her as an object of analysis. It's a way for him to think about the intimacy he craves with his subjects, but also the impossibility of ever consummating that intimacy. All of those are new ideas that are brought into the fray by virtue of that moral self-consciousness; it's not just there for its own sake.
Make It Scream is structured into three sections: "Longing," "Looking," and "Dwelling." I love this because these verbs can describe or explain most human behavior in some way, and this collection is very much about human behavior. Can you talk about how these section titles emerged, and what the process of structuring the book was like?
You can think about the structure of the book in terms of method: "Longing" is largely reported pieces, "Looking" is largely critical pieces, and "Dwelling" is largely personal pieces. I was interested in the arc across those three sections, starting from a reportorial outward gaze and then getting closer and closer to the self that's doing the gazing. So you start following this reporter through the world, and then you land inside her mind where she's regarding photographs and texts, and then you get deeper into her emotional life. There's a turning from outward to inward across the course of the book in that transition from reportage to criticism to personal essay.
But there's also a kind of conceptual arc that has to do with thinking about the transition from longing to having. The early essays are looking at what it means to long for something you can't ever fully reach or touch — whether that's the anthropomorphized text of "The Loneliest Whale in the World" or the possibility of a prior life that you'll never fully understand or the creation of a second life online. There are all of these ways of launching yourself out of your proximate existence. But, by the end of the collection, I'm thinking less about ways of launching out of our proximate lives and more trying to reckon with how we live in our proximate lives. How do we live in marriages, how do we live as parents? I use my own personal experience to engage those questions, which is how I always think about personal experience when it comes to writing — it's less disclosure for its own sake and more invocation of personal experience as a way to reckon with larger questions.
Ultimately the collection is interrogating or rendering porous any hard and fast distinction between what it means to inhabit your life and escape your life.
That segues really well into my next question. In this final section, "Dwelling," you write about coming home into the self, but this is not really a peaceful process; these final essays reckon with the autonomous body. A body bears scars — for example, you write about the scars of an eating disorder. And yet the body regenerates in many ways, as it does the work of being married and loving a family and growing a baby and giving birth (which also leaves literal scars). Can you talk about the more corporeal writing of this section versus the more intellectual/philosophical writing of the first two sections?
Such a beautiful way of framing the question! Writing about bodily experience is another one of those obsessions I can't leave behind — no matter what I'm doing or what I'm writing about. So even when I'm working in a more reportorial mode, I'm constantly obsessed with doing a certain kind of sensory world-building, trying to grant the prose a certain sensory texture — or rather, honoring the inescapably sensory texture of experience, the ways our bodies are always part of it.
I think the fact that I like to write in a very sensory, very detailed, very embodied way, it makes me a better reporter than I would otherwise be. It keeps me from getting lazy! I come to reporting as a fiction writer, which is to say that I come to reporting untrained and flailing and trying to survive. But I know that, if I want to write the way that I love to write, I'm going to need to take a lot of notes along the way. That's part of what motivates me to be constantly scribbling details and making sure that I have all the arrows in my quiver for when I'm back at my computer. I don't want a piece to feel hopelessly ungrounded and abstract. I want to make sure I have the carnivorous plants and the whale-shaped cookies and the deflated reindeer lawn animals. That's where truth lives, for me, in those physical particulars and where they take us.
Of course, when I'm writing from my own life, I'm able to get that much deeper into the texture of experience. It's impossible for me to consider consciousness without thinking about how bodily experience is constantly inflecting that consciousness. So, as you were mentioning, the final essay in the collection is motivated structurally, intellectually, emotionally by thinking about two extreme bodily experiences in juxtaposition, the experience of making the body small through an eating disorder and the experience of feeling the body expand through pregnancy.
A lot of what we've been talking about so far has to do with intellectual tensions. I think a lot of the time I'm animated as a writer by not looking at something singly but instead seeing it in relation to or in juxtaposition with something else. So the whole premise of that final essay is that I could say things about experience by looking at my eating disorder and pregnancy alongside each other that I couldn't say if I was just looking at one or the other exclusively.
Finally, I like to end interviews by giving people the chance to talk about other writers. Who or what are you currently reading, what are you excited to read, and/or who do you draw literary inspiration from?
Perfect! An excuse to bring us back to my obsession with archives. I just finished reading a book called The Allure of the Archives by a French historian named Arlette Farge. She works with Parisian judicial records from the 18th century, but this book isn't straight history; it's an experiential account of what happens when you're engaging with the archives. She writes so beautifully about reading around or past or against archives, how you can see these flashes of human life and consciousness and voice and intelligence moving through these official records. She talks about it as a "breeze" moving through the archives. (Or the strange thrill of coming across a very clinical, humdrum account of the Marquis de Sade stabbing a horse!)
We were talking about animating tensions. I'm always talking about animating tensions! Farge is interested in the ways you have to be constantly seeking the truth in the archives while also constantly recognizing that you're not going to find the Truth with a capital T. I was really drawn to her intelligence, and her refusal to rest on one of those extremes or the other. She's also really smart and funny about the practical experience of being in the archives: listening to the rustling of papers and the tapping feet of the people around you, the struggle to get the best seat by the window, giving dagger eyes to the person who gets it instead. I love her attention to the ways that research — archival research, reportage, critical thinking — is always connected to an ordinary person in an ordinary body. I love when people get those human nuances into the frame.
Sarah Neilson is a freelance writer. She can be found on Instagram @readrunsea, on Twitter @sarahmariewrote, and on her website at sarahneilsonwriter.com.
"An Anthology Held Together by Earnestness": A Conversation with Leslie Jamison
By Denise Grollmus
(Again?) Again: Reading Leslie Jamison's "The Recovering"
By Ellen Wayland-Smith
Pregnant Pauses: Yelizaveta P. Renfro's Lyric Essays
By Brenda Miller
PODCAST #59: Leslie Jamison
By Colin Marshall
Empathy, Examined
By Suzanne Koven


The Daily Show celebrated the end of 2017 early, because it can't end soon enough. Host Trevor Noah noted it's the year of "sexual harassment" and "Russians," and now Republicans have got to get back to work killing Obamacare, which Republicans named Obamacare.
But, mostly, 2017 will be remembered as The Year of Donald J. Trump, Noah insisted.


Carolyn M. Lueck was born in 1949 and she registered to vote, giving her address as 75 Vee Ln, Wetmore, Custer County, Colorado, United States of America 81253. Her voting status is: Active. She is registered in the Colorado Republican Party.


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Sally French Tyler
Sally French Tyler serves as executive vice president of First American Title Insurance Company and as division president of the company's National Commercial Services Division. She is responsible for the planning and oversight of the operational management and client development for First American's large lender and commercial real estate activities. Tyler also serves as part of First American's executive management team.
A seasoned veteran of the title insurance industry, Tyler joined First American's National Commercial Services Division (NCS) in January 2005 as senior vice president-national sales director, where she oversaw all national sales initiatives, including the establishment of strategies, recruiting, training and key customer development. She was promoted to NCS division president in 2007 and then, after taking on additional responsibility for the Mortgage Services Division, was named division president for the company's Centralized Businesses in 2011. Her oversight of the Centralized Businesses continued until early 2014 when the company consolidated its Mortgage Services, Database Services and Interthinx groups into one division, allowing Tyler to focus solely on accelerating the growth of the company's commercial business.
Tyler began her career working in real estate development, where her responsibilities included leasing, property management, general construction and lending. In 1986, she transitioned to the title industry, working initially in national account sales. Tyler held subsequent positions over the course of her career which included regional operations management, agency sales and management, and commercial sales management, as well as facilitating closings and underwriting for numerous major commercial customers. She was consistently among the top commercial producers in the industry.
Tyler is currently a member of the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC); Real Estate Group of Atlanta (REGA); the Urban Land Institute (ULI); Pension Real Estate Association (PREA); and CREW Network. She has also served on the board of several of these industry organizations, including a term as president of CREW Network in 2001, a member of that organization's board from 1999 to 2002, and president of its Atlanta chapter from 1996 to 1997. In addition, Tyler served as a trustee for the CREW Foundation, the charitable arm of CREW Network, from 2001 to 2002; and as president of REGA in 2004. She also currently serves on the board of the First American Community Fund.
In addition to her extensive industry experience and expertise, Tyler holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Texas at Austin and has been profiled in numerous industry trades, including the National Real Estate Investor's "40 Stars of Tomorrow" (1998), Commercial Lender, Commercial Property News, National Real Estate Investor, Business to Business, Globe Street, The Title Report – Leadership Edition and Real Estate Forum's 2008 "Women of Influence".
EVP, Division President
3 Fiirst American Way

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Al-Shajarah is a refereed international journal that publishes original scholarly articles in the area of Islamic thought, civilization, and science. The journal is especially interested in studies that elaborate scientific and epistemological problems encountered by Muslims in the present age, scholarly works that provide fresh and insightful Islamic responses to the intellectual and cultural challenges of the modern world.
Al-Shajarah will also consider articles written on various religions, schools of thought and ideology and subjects that can contribute towards the formulation of an Islamic philosophy of science. Critical studies of translations of major works of major writers of the past and present and original works on the subjects of Islamic architecture and art are welcomed. Book reviews and notes will also be considered.
The journal is published twice a year, in June and in December.
Submissions must be made in English and must be original work. In matters of style, Al-Shajarah uses the University of Chicago Manual of Style and follows the transliteration system shown on the inside back cover of our journal. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to return accepted manuscripts to the author for stylistic changes. Manuscript must be submitted in two copies, together with a diskette containing the text in Microsoft Word. Contributors will be given 30 complimentary off prints of their articles. IIUM retains copyright to all published materials, but contributors may republish their articles elsewhere with due acknowledgement to Al-Shajarah.


If you absolutely love fruit, and you've never had the chance to experience the taste of guava, then you're probably thinking, what does guava taste like? Guava has a sweeter taste and is loved by people all over the world. Not only is this fruit delicious, eating it is also very beneficial to your health. Give it a try, and you'll probably fall in love with it.
Before we get into the specifics of what guava tastes like, it's good to have a basic understanding of this fruit and its origin. The history of guava dates back to the 19th century in South America and Peru. However, the American Indians are also believed to have grown guava in Northern Florida in the early 1800s. Today, guava is grown in most tropical and sub-tropical areas around the globe and is enjoyed by people in almost every country.
One of the most unique things about guava is the variety of kinds available. Different kinds of guava mean a variety of different characteristics. For example, some kinds of guava can be as small as a lemon whereas others can grow to the size of a grapefruit.
Color also differ between the different varieties. When unripen, guava is a very bright green. Once ripened, their color will depend on their kind. Some guavas will turn into a pinkish color whereas others will acquire a reddish, orangish, or even a yellowish color.
Tropical Pink: After fully ripe, the skin of this kind of guava turns into a bright yellow. The inside of the tropical pink is a pinkish color and can have either a smooth or coarse texture to it. The taste is mildly sweet and has a very strong scent to it.
Tropical Yellow: Also known as Mexican Cream, this variety of guava has a creamy white skin and is yellowish-red on the inside. The flavor of the tropical yellow guava is sweeter than most guavas and used mainly in dessert dishes.
Tropical White: The skin color of the Tropical White Guava has a whitish color and is yellow on the inside. The taste is sweet like other guavas, but this variety is extremely gushy and contains more liquid than most other varieties.
Red Malaysian: This variety of guava has a mild sweetness but is known for it's reddish skin and pinkish center. Besides eating purposes, the Red Malaysian is also used as an ornament for decoration purposes.
Lemon Guava: The Lemon Guava has a lemonier flavor and is known by it's smaller size. The skin as well as the inside of this fruit has a yellowish color and has the scent of the Lemon Guava is said to be very strong.
If you're unsure as to what kind of guava you think you might like, give them all a try. Different varieties of guava appeal to different people. It all depends on what level of sweetness you prefer and ultimately enjoy.
Not only is guava delicious, it's also great for your health. First, guava is packed with minerals, antioxidants, and highly important vitamins that help boost your immune system and keep you in good health. Second, guava helps protect the colon mucosa with it's high count of dietary fiber. It does this by minimizing the time your body is exposed to certain topics. Third, if you have sensitive skin or get sunburns easily, guava is a great tool. Studies show guava contains a large amount of lycopene which helps minimize possible skin damage from UV rays. Lastly, guava is loaded with potassium. Potassium is not only good for cramps and leg pains, it's also a great tool for lowering your blood pressure.
What's the best ways to eat guava?
Jam: Several people enjoy making guava jam. It's great on bread, toast, bagels, and crackers. Guava jam also tastes good when combined with peanut butter.
Juice: Guava juice is an excellent choice for children. It's tasty, easy to make, and a great source of nutrients. Guava juice is also an excellent ingredient in certain cocktails and mixed drinks.
Sliced: Are you looking for a tasty, low-calorie dish? Simply slice some guava up and add it to your salad.
Deserts: Guava goes great with vanilla ice cream or sprinkled on sundaes.
If you buy your guava from the supermarket, it's extremely important to always wash your fruit before you eat or prepare it. This is essential for removing germs and bacteria that have accumulated on the surface of the fruit due to being handles by several hands.


On July 29th, President Obama signed a bill into law that requires the labeling of foods containing genetically modified ingredients. It was vital for legislatures to reach across the aisle to pass a federal regulation on the labeling of genetically modified foods to prevent each state from following in Vermont's footsteps and setting state rules for labeling. This would have created a disaster for food companies trying to package their products to be shipped and sold in 50 states with 50 different laws, and would have resulted in increased food prices.
However, bill S. 764 being signed into law was not the end of the decisions that need to be made. The United States Department of Agriculture is now at the decision making helm trying to work out the details. The USDA, particularly the Secretary of Agriculture, has been given a two-year time frame to finalize the regulations. Secretary Tom Vilsack is tasked with moving quickly to get the process well underway before President-Elect Drumpf brings in a new Secretary of Agriculture that may have a different vision for this legislation than the Obama administration. The USDA's Marketing Service is in charge of the implementation, but the internal USDA group working out the details includes representatives from the Foreign Agricultural Service and the Food Safety and Inspection Service.
The USDA has many important decisions to make that will shape how the law is implemented. For example, they must determine the amount of genetically modified ingredients that must be present in food for labeling to be mandatory. The USDA is also working to create a symbol for packages that signifies it contains GMO ingredients. The USDA also must decide whether to require labeling if the ingredients themselves have no trace of genetic modification but came from a genetically modified seed. According to the Food and Drug Administration, 93 percent of soybeans and 88 percent of corn are genetically engineered.
Although the law requires "mandatory disclosure" of genetically modified ingredients, companies can choose from a variety of methods to label their products. On-package labels, a link to an app or website, QR codes, or 1-800 numbers are some options companies will have. Because of the variety of options, consumers may not immediately notice dozens of products being marked as containing GMO's because the labeling will take on various forms, some more discreet than others. An estimated 75 to 80 percent of foods contain genetically engineered ingredients.
The USDA has many decisions to make, but it is unlikely any major announcements will be made until everything is finalized, which could be up to two years. Congress left many decisions on the labeling program up to the USDA, meaning this will not be a speedy process. The time span must allow for formal comment periods. The USDA has a website set up for GMO Disclosure and Labeling, which includes a link to the full text of the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Law.


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Information about the CSHI
Kidney Health and Transplantation
Casalud
Mesoamerican Health
Vaccinology
Educational Health Communication
Programs in figures
Our publications catalog
Onchocerciasis, towards forming alliances for its control and eradication
11 de November de 2014 | 12:00 pm | Tags: Carlos Slim Foundation, casalud, mesoamerica
CDC/ Mae Melvin y WHO/TDR/Pasteur Inst.
Onchocerciasis, also known as "river blindness", is a parasitic disease caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus. It is transmitted by repeated bites of infected blackflies (Simulium spp.); which breed in fast-flowing rivers and streams, mostly in remote villages located near fertile land where people rely on agriculture.
In the human body, the adult worms produce embryonic larvae (microfilariae) that migrate to the skin, eyes and other organs. When a female blackfly bites an infected person during a blood meal, it also ingests microfilariae which develop further in the blackfly and are then transmitted to the next human host during subsequent bites.
Onchocerciasis is an eye and skin disease. Symptoms are caused by the microfilariae, which move around the human body in the subcutaneous tissue and induce intense inflammatory responses, especially when they die. Infected people may show symptoms such as severe itching and various skin lesions. In most cases, nodules develop under the skin. Some infected people develop eye lesions which can lead to visual impairment and permanent blindness.
Onchocerciasis America
In the late 1980s, an estimated 500,000 people in the Americas were at risk of onchocerciasis in six countries: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, and Venezuela. The donation of Mectizan (ivermectin) by Merck stimulated new partnerships and opportunities to fight onchocerciasis. After PAHO declared elimination as the goal for the region using a strategy of mass drug administration, a regional partnership, OEPA, was established to focus on reaching that objective. OEPA was launched in 1993 with funding from the former River Blindness Foundation which The Carter Center had absorbed in 1996. Both The Carter Center and PAHO provide the affected national country programs technical assistance; additionally the Center provides complementary financial support.
Today, the population requiring treatment with Mectizan on the continent has fallen by more than 95 percent.
In 2013, Colombia became the first country officially verified by the WHO as free of onchocerciasis. Then, in September 22, Ecuador obtained this verification provided by international organization. The governments of Guatemala and Mexico have both eliminated disease transmission, completed their post-treatment surveillance period, and are getting ready to start the official process to request verification from the WHO.
Transmission only continues in the cross-border region between Venezuela and Brazil, commonly referred to as the Yanomami area. Interrupting onchocerciasis transmission from this final area in the Americas is the biggest challenge to the regional initiative, particularly due to the scattered migratory Yanomami population, who live in the dense, nearly inaccessible terrain of the deep Amazon rainforest. The Ministries of Health in Brazil and Venezuela are working with The Carter Center/OEPA, PAHO, and other partners to meet the goal of eliminating onchocerciasis from the Americas by 2019.
In May 2014 Brazil and Venezuela sign an agreement to accelerate cross-border health interventions and interrupt transmission of onchocerciasis, and in this way complete the program of eliminating onchocerciasis in the Americas. The agreement shows that there is political will in both countries to distribute Mectizan tablets to remote indigenous communities that are settled on their common border.
Carlos Slim Foundation will support the OEPA program to intensify the support to these two South American nations' initiatives as well as to assist WHO/PAHO in its international verification of the elimination of the disease in the region.
Onchocerciasis in Africa
In Africa there are over 120 million people spread over 31 countries at risk of developing the disease. The progress made in the Americas is a model of hope for the elimination of onchocerciasis initiatives in Africa, where hundreds of thousands have lost their sight because of this disease. On this continent, The Carter Center provides assistance to the Ministries of Health of Uganda, Sudan and Ethiopia and some areas of Nigeria. From August 2014, the organization has assisted in the delivery of nearly 200 million cumulative Mectizan treatments through community channels around the world. The Center hopes to demonstrate practical approaches to eliminate transmission of onchocerciasis in Africa, based on the partnership model implemented in the Americas
Onchocerciasis in Mexico
In Mexico, the disease was first diagnosed in 1923, by Dr. Friedrich Fülleborn. Subsequently, in 1930, a national program that treated the disease through surgery by removing the subcutaneous nodules that form the adult worms. In 1988, a campaign of distribution and use of the oral drug Mectizan began. The medication was considered effective and safe to fight the disease and was part of the Programme for Onchocerciasis Elimination few years later. In 1993, the OEPA joined the fight against onchocerciasis, and by then it had been detected cases in three areas considered foci of transmission in the states of Oaxaca and Chiapas.
By the late 2000s, onchocerciasis was eradicated from foci located north of Chiapas and Oaxaca through implementing a biannual Mectizan distribution and health education. In the southern region of Chiapas, biannual and three times per year drug distribution were implemented to eliminate the disease, which completed its phase post-treatment surveillance during this 2014. With this actions, the country began to file applications for WHO's formal verification, demonstrating that it is disease free zone. Today, thanks to the leadership showed in this regard and the country's strong partnerships there are 170,000 people living in the three areas (formerly endemic) of Mexico free of risk of contracting the disease.
The initiative to eliminate onchocerciasis in the Americas, has been forged with the formation of various partnerships, including organizations like the Carlos Slim Foundation, the Bill & Melinda Gates, The Carter Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation (CDC) the Pan American Health Organization, Merck and the Mectizan Donation Program, the US Agency for International Development (USAID), the Lions Clubs International Foundation and the six countries' local Lions Clubs, Mr. John Moores and former River Blindness Foundation, the OPEC Fund for International Development, Alwaleed Bin Talal, the Inter-American Development Bank, health ministries of the six endemic countries, several universities in Latin America and the US as well as thousands of community volunteers and many other individual donors.
Through : World Health Organization
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Moral Courage Awar
Joe Henderson: Jim Norman's climb to Hillsborough Commission steeper than he realized
Published on August 2, 2016 in The Bay and the 'Burg/Top Headlines by Joe Henderson
Since the start of his campaign for Hillsborough County Commission District 6, Jim Norman has understood that he has a lot of explaining to do. Right off the bat, he tried to address his checkered political past during a meeting last year with The Tampa Tribune editorial board. As a metro columnist for that late, great newspaper, I sat in on the meeting. I think it was basically a fiasco. It's not that Jim Norman isn't one of the most…
Joe Henderson: Marco Rubio steps up his game
Gwen Graham's attempt to make Marco Rubio look bad may have fallen flat, but it does raise a couple of
Save Southern Heritage files lawsuit to keep Confederate monument in Tampa
The organization arguing loudest that the Hillsborough County Commission not remove a controversial Confederate monument from in front of the
Joe Henderson: Hillsborough commissioners get their answer: Move the damn monument
If Hillsborough County commissioners were looking to the community for guidance about the Confederate war monument that has been so


Refresh and soften your hair with this combo of Desiderata all-natural shampoo and conditioner.
Desiderata is Latin for Desired Things. Desiderata's shampoo and conditioner are a result of countless hours of research and testing, providing you with the most desired natural, yet luxurious shampoo and conditioner. Desiderata products are made with 98% natural ingredients and safe to use on all hair types including dyed processed hair. They are free of sulfates, parabens, and phthalates. Includes: (1) Desiderata Shampoo – 12 fl. oz, (1) Desiderata Conditioner – 12 fl. oz. (1) Desiderata Natural Shower Gel – 8 oz, (1) Desiderata Natural Body Scrub – 8 oz, and (1) Desiderata Natural Styling Gel – 8 oz.
Water, Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Lauryl Glucoside, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Cocamide Mea, Polyquaternium 007, Coco-Glucoside, Glyceryl Oleate, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Caprylyl Glycol, Glycerin, Sodium PCA, Polysorbate, D-Panthenol, Fragrance.
Dl Water, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Hydroxyethyl Cellulose, Glycerin, Behentrimonium Chloride, Shea Butter, Avocado Oil, Cetyl Alcohol, Capryhydroxamic Acid, Caprylyl Glycerol, Fragrance.
Water, Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Sodium Lauroamphoacetate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Lauryl Glucoside, Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Glycol Distearate, Polyquaternium 007, Coco-Glucoside, Glyceryl Oleate, Caprylhydroxamic Acid, Caprylyl Glycol, Glycerin, Sodium PCA, Polysorbate, D-Panthenol, Fragrance.
Water, Glycerin, PVP, PVP/VA Copolymer, Panthenol, Helianthus, Annus, (Sunflower) Seed Extract, Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, Hydrolyzed Soy Protein, Hydrolyzed Rice Protein, Hydrolyzed Oat Protein, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Fragrance, Caprylhdroxamic Acid, Caprylyl Glycol.


My two main research areas are computer science education and wireless sensor networks (WSN). NetsBlox, our open source, web-based visual programming environment for K12 supports synergistic learning of STEM and Computational Thinking. I co-authored a highly popular introductory programming MOOC available on Coursera. In the WSN domain, my team has developed a novel WSN-based countersniper system. An enhanced version is soldier wearable and not only does it localize the shooter very accurately, but it can also tell the caliber and the weapon type. An interesting paper describes the system in detail. The latest version is smartphone-based. Our radio interferometric positioning approach has gained much attention and resulted in the Best Paper Award at the ACM Sensys 2007 conference.
Addisu Taddese has successfully defended his PhD dissertation on capsule endoscopes (July 2018).
Brian Broll has successfully defended his PhD dissertation related to NetsBlox (March 2018).
NSF is funding Brian Broll's brainchild: DeepForge (October 2017).
A new session of the MOOC Introduction to Programming with MATLAB is now available on the new Coursera platform.The MOOC is currently ranked #3 in the Top 50 free online courses of All Time in the World on Class Central! (August, 2016).
Our time synchronization paper from 2004 received the Test of Time Award at ACM SenSys. (November 2014).
Our smartphone-based shooter localization systems was featured in news outlets across the globe, including CBSNews.com, the Times of India, Mashable, Futurity, Gizmag (Australia), and Wired's U.K. edition. More on the app here.
Mondays 2:10-3:00, FGH 322 of by appointment at 1025 16th Ave S..


Courtney Love's first US tour dates in support of 'AMERICA'S SWEETHEART' have started to surface.
Tickets go on sale today (May 21) for her show at Boston's Avalon Ballroom (June 23) and on Saturday for dates in Norfolk, VA (June 26), Pittsburgh, PA (June 29) and Los Angeles, CA (July 23rd).
Courtney Love's lawyers recently filed a 977B waiver in the Los Angeles courtroom currently hearing two charges against her for felony drug possession. The waiver grants her the legal ability to miss the usually mandatory felony court appearances, during the pre-trial phase, enabling her to tour.
Courtney Love will have to return to court in Beverly Hills once the trial begins.


Rawden Consulting – Pattern Breaker!
Just before I decided it was my turn in the hot seat I heard the word "pattern breaker" in my head. Sure I knew that is what my life is about. But I hadn't seen it as BRANDING.
My coaching, my courses, my lectures that's what they are about – letting go of old patterns to make room for and go for new ones that we actively choose!
Thank you so much Next Generation Business, the panel, all 24 participants. Your exciting stories, your listening, your courage and knowledge – all paved the way for my insight and all the old patterns I let go of and the new I now build!


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WEB EXCLUSIVE: Where Do Codes Come From? | Facility Executive - Creating Intelligent Buildings
On October 2, the final hearing, which this year will complete the development of the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code, the 2015 International Residential Code, and other 2015 codes, will begin in Atlantic City, NJ.
Anne Cosgrove
https://facilityexecutive.com/2013/09/web-exclusive-codes-come/
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Home » Archive » Topics » Construction & Retrofits » WEB EXCLUSIVE: Where Do Codes Come From?
WEB EXCLUSIVE: Where Do Codes Come From?
This Web Exclusive is provided by Theresa Weston, Ph.D., Research Fellow, DuPont Building Knowledge Center. Dr. Weston leads building science and construction technology research for DuPont Building Innovations, has developed and introduced to market numerous products, and is an inventor of four U.S. patents.
Building and energy codes provide protection for public health, safety and general welfare in relation to the construction and occupancy of a building. These codes include specific requirements for building materials, fire protection, weather protection (moisture, wind), structural design, light and ventilation, heating and cooling, sanitary facilities, and energy conservation. While codes are certainly not new, recently there has been increased interest in codes, due to in part to the dramatic enhancement in energy efficiency reflected in the energy codes and the changes in construction, building operation and maintenance that may result from these changes.
Despite this sudden interest, there is still a general lack of understanding on how codes are developed, adopted and implemented, resulting in limited industry involvement in the aforementioned code process. There are three phases to the code process: model code development, jurisdictional code adoption, and code enforcement. Each phase provides opportunities for industry stakeholders to get involved.
Phase 1: Model Code Development
Model code development is a public process and is open to participation from all parts of the industry. Model code development in the United States is primarily carried out by the International Code Council (ICC) and leads to new editions of the ICC's suite of codes every three years. During the three years between editions, each code goes through a public revision process (as shown in image below). Anyone can submit a proposal to change any of the codes. Each code change must be accompanied by the technical justification as well as a statement of the cost effect of the proposed change.
To give an idea of the number of changes proposed, the most recent code cycle included 361 proposals to the commercial energy code and 193 proposals to the residential energy code. All of the proposals are published online at www.iccsafe.org. Following publication, each of the code change proposals is evaluated by a 10-to-20 member technical panel during a public hearing. In addition to the information submitted with code change proposal, the public has the opportunity to provide testimony either in support or in opposition during the public code hearing. The panel then recommends that the code proposal be "Approved as Submitted", "Approved as Modified" during the hearing, or "Disapproved". For those who cannot attend, the hearings can also be viewed by live webcast at the ICC website noted above.
The report of the hearing is published, and following publication the panel's recommendations can be challenged by submitted public comments.Those public comments are then published and form the agenda for discussion at the final public code hearings. The final hearing, which this year will complete the development of the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code, the 2015 International Residential Code, and other 2015 codes, will be held in Atlantic City, NJ on October 2 to 10, 2013.
ICC Code Process
This hearing again allows public testimony for or against proposed code changes and the public comments submitted. At these hearings, the final disposition of each of the proposal is decided by voting members present. Voting members include only representatives from enforcement agencies, such as code officials, fire marshals, and state energy office representatives. ICC has announced that starting with the code hearings in 2014, ICC will institute a remote voting process, which is expected to greatly increase the number voters participating in the final hearings.
Phase 2: Local Code Adoption
The model code development process provides an opportunity for widespread impact in instituting code changes as the model codes are the basis for codes across the country. However, model codes do not take on the force of law until they are adopted by a jurisdiction. Some states will adopt statewide, where other states adopt codes at a local jurisdiction—county or city—level. Many different processes are used at the jurisdictional level, but most have a mechanism for public comment, and so codes can be influenced at this level also. Jurisdictions can adopt develop their own code, adopt a model code in total, or adopt a model code with amendments.
Local code adoption often allows for regional considerations to be included in the code. One example of this is Oregon which, in 2010, adopted enhanced water management requirements as a result of the analysis of water intrusion cases occurring in that state and in consideration of the state's wet climate.
Phase 3: Code Enforcement
Finally, once a jurisdiction has adopted a code, it needs to enforce it. The code official is the primary interpreter of the code and therefore, is the ultimate authority. As noted in a U.S. HUD Report, "Code officials at the local level have the legal authority to accept or reject the application of any new building product or system innovation. They can be the ultimate showstopper."1 Enforcement strategies vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and from code requirement to code requirement. Code official inspections, third-party inspections, and self-certifications can be used. Products, assemblies, and methods not specifically referenced in the code are approved for use under the "alternate materials and methods" clause in the code. The clause allows that the code is not intended to restrict the use of any product or method of assembly, provided that the material or method can be shown to be equivalent to that required by the code. The code official may require test results or other verification of the product's equivalence. To aid in the code official's evaluation and acceptance, several agencies publish code evaluation reports which provide standardized analysis of a product and its suitability for its end-use. As new codes are developed, and new products are introduced to the market, the industry and especially the code official can be faced with a daunting amount of information to process. Education and training in the code requirements is critical and an opportunity to become involved with the code process.
Building and energy codes are critical to maintaining a healthy and safe built environment. As codes continue to involve there are many opportunities for public and industry involvement. The more diverse voices that are a part of the code development, adoption, and enforcement process the better the ultimate product will be.
1 "Overcoming Barriers to Innovation in the Home Building Industry", Report for US HUD PD& R PATH, April 2005
Survey Of Code Professionals Predicts Substantial Retirement Exodus The "typical" code professional is older, works at the local level as a jurisdiction employee, and has 20 to 30 years of experience.
ICC Announces 37th Annual Building Safety Month Theme The ICC theme for 2017 Building Safety Month, celebrated in May, is Code Officials: Partners in Community Safety and Economic Growth.
2018 International Green Construction Code Released A result of collaboration between the International Code Council, U.S. Green Building Council, ASHRAE, and the Illuminating Engineering Society, the new IgCC aims to help governments […]
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Technology January 14, 2020
This combines the iOFFICE strengths in cloud-based and mobile solutions for enterprise workplace optimization with the meeting space and analytics expertise of Teem.
FM Alert January 14, 2020
The $2,000 tuition award will go to female student interested in pursuing a career in the environment, health and safety, or related field.
Since 2000, service providers using the company's compliance reporting tools have inspected fire alarm, fire sprinkler, life safety, fire suppression, security, and HVAC systems.
Dynamic Energy Completes Rooftop Solar Project For Wacoal America
Environment January 8, 2020
The 965 kW system is expected to generate 1.2 million kWhs of electricity annually, avoiding the emission of 935 tons of carbon dioxide per year, while contributing to New Jersey's renewable energy targets.
UPCO and hip hop recording artist Chingy produce "Old Town Road" song parody to promote careers in construction to Millennials and Gen Z.
Construction & Retrofits January 13, 2020
The two-story, 66,700 square-foot building in Peachtree Corners, GA will showcase ASHRAE's best practices and help achieve its vision of a healthy and sustainable environment.
AllianceBernstein Investing $11.4M In Nashville Global HQ January 14, 2020
The asset management firm will create an additional 200 jobs when it moves into Nashville's Fifth + Broadway development by the end of this year. - Read: AllianceBernstein Investing $11.4M In Nashville Global HQ at BusinessFacilities.com.
Spirit Airlines Breaks Ground On South Florida HQ January 13, 2020
The airline will invest up to $250 million and create 225 new jobs at its new Broward County corporate campus. - Read: Spirit Airlines Breaks Ground On South Florida HQ at BusinessFacilities.com.
Demographic Shifts Will Impact The Global Workplace By 2030 January 13, 2020
New opportunities, challenges arise for global cities as 693 million boomers reach retirement age and 1.3 billion Gen Z enter workforce, according to Cushman & Wakefield study. - Read: Demographic Shifts Will Impact The Global Workplace By 2030 at BusinessFacilities.com.


21:4 From Mount Hor they set out by the way to the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom; but the people became impatient on the way.
107:1 O give thanks to the LORD, for he is good; for his steadfast love endures forever.
107:3 and gathered in from the lands, from the east and from the west, from the north and from the south.
107:18 they loathed any kind of food, and they drew near to the gates of death.
107:20 he sent out his word and healed them, and delivered them from destruction.
107:21 Let them thank the LORD for his steadfast love, for his wonderful works to humankind.
107:22 And let them offer thanksgiving sacrifices, and tell of his deeds with songs of joy.
2:2 in which you once lived, following the course of this world, following the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work among those who are disobedient.
2:3 All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh, following the desires of flesh and senses, and we were by nature children of wrath, like everyone else.
2:7 so that in the ages to come he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.
2:9 not the result of works, so that no one may boast.
2:10 For we are what he has made us, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand to be our way of life.
3:16 "For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not perish but may have eternal life.
3:17 "Indeed, God did not send the Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him.
3:18 Those who believe in him are not condemned; but those who do not believe are condemned already, because they have not believed in the name of the only Son of God.
3:19 And this is the judgment, that the light has come into the world, and people loved darkness rather than light because their deeds were evil.
3:20 For all who do evil hate the light and do not come to the light, so that their deeds may not be exposed.


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Dave Knox
Chief Marketing Officer | Rockfish
Cincinnati, OH, UNITED STATES
Dynamic speaker who provides an insider's view on the intersection of brand marketing, startups, and digital technology
Dave Knox is CMO for Rockfish, one of the fastest growing digital agencies in the country. Prior to Rockfish, Knox was a 7 year veteran of Procter & Gamble, where he was instrumental in the digital turnaround that led to P&G being named to AdAge's Digital A-List. At P&G, Dave led the strategy for new business models in venture investment, digital media and original content. Dave was named to the iMedia 25 Class of 2010, by Cincinnati Magazine as a "Next Power Broker" and Media Industry News as a "2010 Social Media Superstar." Dave speaks frequently on digital marketing, including appearances at Mashable Connect, SXSW, TEDxCincy, American Express Innovation Summit, and Web 2.0 Summit. Dave is active in the entrepreneurial community, serving as a Board Observer / Advisor to multiple venture-backed companies. He is a partner in Rockfish Brand Ventures, serves on the Board of VCU Brandcenter and is the co-founder of The Brandery – one of the top 10 startup accelerators in the country.
Media - Online
VC and Private Equity
Brand Manager 2.0
Miami University: Marketing & Entrepreneurship 2003
iMedia Breakthrough Summit Las Vegas, NV
TEDxCincy Cincinnati, OH
Mashable Connect Orlando, FL
South by Southwest Austin, TX
As the marketing world changes, it's critical for brand managers to evolve their approach to effectively connect with their consumers, stay relevant and keep on top of their game. Dave Knox, former global digital strategy brand manager at Procter & Gamble and current CMO of Rockfish Interactive, brings with him unique insight on the "five themes of Brand Manager 2.0." From his first-hand experience, hear the trends that are shaping the marketing world and learn how marketers can apply the "five themes" principles to thrive in an increasingly digital world
0 to 5000 *Will consider certain engagements for no fee


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UK's food watchdog believes plan to cut unhealthy food promotion to children is working
Posted by Editorial on 26th March 2009
The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) has said that current food advertising guidelines are beginning to have a positive impact and decided against scrapping a protein cap, which is currently used in determining what foods are advertised during children's TV shows.
The FSA Board agreed that the Nutrient Profiling model, which dictates what products can be promoted to children without incurring the wrath of advertising regulator Ofcom, was working effectively. In particular, the protein cap, which prevents foods containing high levels of fat, salt or sugar being classed as 'healthier' by virtue of their protein content, should be retained.Removing the protein cap would have allowed a limited number of additional products, mainly breakfast cereals and some crisps, to be advertised on television to children, the FSA noted.
"We have been concerned for many years about the impact that an imbalance in food advertising can have on children's diets," Food Standards Agency Chair Deirdre Hutton, said. "We welcome the conclusion that the nutrient profiling model is fundamentally robust and is helping to tackle this imbalance. Reducing the number of TV adverts for less healthy foods to which children are exposed is an important contribution towards improving public health."
"The Board takes the diets of children very seriously and we feel that it is not appropriate to relax the model," she added.
The food industry was disappointed with the decision of the FSA, suggesting that their conclusions were in contrast to an Independent Review Panel. "We welcome the fact that the FSA Board spent so much time seriously debating this issue, but that makes today's decision all the more disappointing. It raises serious questions about the Agency's commitment to better regulation," Melanie Leech, FDF Director General, claimed. "The decision not to remove the protein cap flies in the face of the recommendation of the Independent Review Panel, which has spent two years assessing the effectiveness of the nutrient profiling model."
"Yet again a proposal has been introduced at the last minute, outside the process of scientific review and stakeholder consultation," Ms Leech added. "We will be calling on the FSA to clarify when it expects to base its decisions on science, and when – and on what basis – it will think it appropriate to set the science aside."
The 12 foods that top corruption by food fraud
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Monsanto rejects Bayer $62 billion acquisition bid
Agricultural giant Monsanto has rejected US $62 billion acquisition bid from pharmaceutical and chem...
Israel's DouxMatok raises $22M for innovative sugar reduction solution
Israel's DouxMatok, a startup that developed a patented sugar reduction solution, announc...
Australian agribusiness export concern on Trump election
Australian farmers are worried that the overtly hostile rhetoric of President-elect Trump toward imp...
Airline tries to change passengers' mood with food
A British airline is now offering in-flight food specially designed to improve the mood of its passe...
Edible grasshopper startup hops to top at international contest
Hargol FoodTech , the Israeli company developing Steak TzarTzar – high-protein grasshoppers — emerge...
Australian scientists worried by new antibiotic resistance found overseas
Australian scientists have reacted with concern to the news that a US woman was found carrying bacte...
US beverage giants Dr Pepper Snapple and Keurig merge
US beverage giants Dr Pepper Snapple and Keurig Green Mountain have merged to form 'Keurig Dr Pepper...


Welcome to Premier Invitations, where you will find upscale, elegant and affordable invitations along with all your accessories!
Wordshop. is Denver's premier indy stationery shop, offering over 100 lines of eco-friendly paper goods - wedding invitations, letterpress, baby announcements, greeting cards, personal stationery, gifts and more.
The Stationery Company traces its beginning to a one-man print shop established in Denver's Larimer Square in 1970 by Ed Logan. Lin and Steve Logan purchased the company in 1982 and moved it to its present location in the Cherry Creek area.
I am a one woman company, not a big corporation. Here's what that means for my customers... 1. All my invitations can be customized. You can choose colors, fonts, wording, etc.
For over five years I have searched for the best wedding invitations I can offer brides getting married in colorado. The reputation I have earned by providing excellent one on one customer service has given me the honor of being invited to join the Northern Colorado Wedding And Event Professionals.
Put me in a paper store and I am like a kid in a candy store, I am addicted to paper, the way it feels, textures, smells and to know all the different ways I can use it. I am passionate about what I do and love thinking outside the box and trying new things.
At Sugar Ink Design, we specialize in custom design for all of life's special occasions. Let us help you turn your vision into reality.
Little White Dress Bridal Shop is a locally owned and operated bridal boutique in the Highlands neighborhood of Denver, Colorado. It's our greatest joy, passion and intention to provide brides throughout Colorado and the Rocky Mountain Region with the best wedding dress shopping experience ever.
The best web site for your silk wedding, bridal dress or gown. We carry only new dresses including our Chic Bridal line, Bonny and Temple Ready Dresses.
Blue Bridal offers two chic, contemporary boutiques, located in the heart of Colorado's most charming cities; Denver & Castle Rock.
Your wedding day is your own special day. With d'Anelli Bridal Special Occasion and Tuxedo, you can expect exceptional service and an exclusive collection of bridal gowns and dresses. Contact us for all of your Colorado wedding apparel and accessory needs.


HLN spot with Olby's ex-girlfriend's father spurs assault accusation.
Q&A: Erin Burnett: family vs career.
weary of 'ratings-driven' CNN; more.
Impartial MSNBC journalist scores a network 'first'. Neck and neck.
Raby: Cable news pundits think their viewers are technological idiots.
with stunt aviator Lt Col John Klatt.


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Sparta 72 Hour Filmmaking Challenge Returns!
The latest 72 hour short film-making challenge film festival screens at the Mayfair this Sunday March 9th at 3:00pm. $10 tickets will be available before the screening from the Mayfair box office. For more information on the event, check out the 72 Hour Films website.
Oscars on the Big Screen
Get dressed in your red carpet best and join us at the Mayfair for the 86th Annual Academy Awards big screen telecast! Sunday March 2nd at 8:00pm. Free for Members Only. Licensed for Alcohol.
Tommy Wiseau and Greg Sestero Return!
"The Citizen Kane of bad movies!" (Entertainment Weekly) Tickets NOW on sale in the Mayfair box office for Tommy Wiseau and Greg Sestero's grand return to The Room's favourite movie theatre and fan-base! Prepare yourself for the interactive motion picture event that you will never forget! Two screenings
Crispin Hellion Glover Returns!
"[Being called] eccentric doesn't bother me, 'eccentric' being a poetic interpretation of a mathematical term meaning something that doesn't follow the lines — that's okay." – Crispin Hellion Glover The great Crispin Glover makes his return to the Mayfair for a pair of live performances and film presentations
Cue the 007 theme song!
Dr. No! From Russia with Love! Goldfinger! On Her Majesty's Secret Service! The sixth annual James Bond Film Festival explodes onto the Mayfair screen with four classic 007 adventures in January 2014!
Saturday Morning Cartoons Mayfair Style!
I often think how sad it is that kids today can never truly experience the joy and wonder that I experienced on Saturday mornings of my youth. There was some magic in the anticipation of and the partaking of watching cartoons between the hours of 6am and noon
Fake Trailers Reel Festival round III
NEVER COMING TO A THEATRE NEAR YOU! Mayfair Theatre presents The FAKE TRAILERS/REEL FESTIVAL An evening of real trailers — for fake movies! Plus, ultra-rare trailers for real cult movies presented on 35mm! In the tradition of Robert Rodriguez's and Quentin Tarantino's Grindhouse, the Mayfair presents the
Ottawa Comiccon 2013!
The Ottawa Comiccon makes it's grand return on May 10, 11 & 12! Last year we presented the Ottawa premiere of the Morgan Spurlock documentary Comic Con Episode IV: A Fan's Hope in association with the con. This year we take on a more horror themed turn with
Four-Wheeled Furies national debut live telecast!
Four-Wheeled Furies, a documentary about Ottawa's own Rideau Valley Roller Girls, makes its national television debut on Saturday March 30th at noon. You can join me, the rest of the crew, and a bunch of derby girls at the Mayfair for the event and watch the live telecast
Killer63 Returns for Year Seven!
Killer63 returns to the Mayfair right before Halloween, on Sunday October 28th. The one night only mini-film fest will again showcase short horror film offerings from local and international filmmakers. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions regarding the fest, or if you're


We kicked off the 2017 Race season with our Team Captain Training on Saturday, February 4. Our goal with this meeting was to make sure our fabulous team captains have all the tools needed to successfully lead their teams, make the biggest impact in the fight against breast cancer, and have a great Race day experience.
We will have another opportunity to connect with other team captains and get helpful tips & tricks at the Team Captain Roundtable, happening Saturday, March 11. RSVP here to join us that morning!
Debbie Broerse kicked things off with a warm welcome to the crowd of attendees. When she asked how many survivors were in the room, many hands went up! We had a few 'newbie' team captains in attendance too.
We introduced the Komen Central Indiana team, including our Race Director Kari Strolberg.
Our mission is to save lives by meeting the most critical needs in our communities and investing in breakthrough research to prevent and cure breast cancer.
40,000 people in the U.S. are dying each year from breast cancer.
By 2026, Komen has a bold goal to cut that number in half. Your support provides access to quality and timely care, including patient navigation, and funds research to find the cures for the most aggressive types of breast cancer.
Being More Than Pink is about celebrating and honoring everyday heroes who like you, work so hard to make a difference in this cause. Team captains are the leaders of this movement in our community! Every team captain for the Susan G. Komen Central Indiana Race for the Cure™ is More Than Pink. THANK YOU!
Check out this example of an everyday hero, Allison, to see why fundraising for Race is so important to her.
Race registration is open now! Click here to sign up and start making an impact.
Click the pink "Register" button in the top right corner.
If you've participated in Race before, it will ask you to enter your username and password. If you do not know your username and password, please contact the Komen office for help retrieving this information. If you have not participated before, follow the prompts to register as a new participant.
Once you are registered for the 2017 Race, you will get an introduction email from your team liaison, a resource for you to make sure you have an engaging and successful Race experience this year.
For any questions about navigating or using the Race website, please contact us!
You can edit both your personal AND team pages by clicking 'Edit Page.' The steps for updating each page is very similar, but you are welcome to include different information in each place. For example, your personal fundraising page can include details about why you Race and why being a team captain is important to you. Your team fundraising page can talk about your team as a whole.
Both pages include the option to upload a cover photo (similar to how you would do this in Facebook).
Tip: Make sure your cover photo is sized to 970 pixels x 370 pixels. If you need help customizing your fundraising pages, please let us know. We are happy to help!
Team awards are BACK this year! Some will be awarded on Race day and others will be announced after the fundraising deadline.
We are renaming Survivor Village to Hope Village and refreshing the participant experience inside that area this year!
On Saturday, April 22 we will be at Castleton Square Mall in front of Macy's to promote Race registrations. Stay tuned for more info on this and more packet pick up details for the week of Race!
Team Captain Packet Pick-Up – Stay tuned for more details!
2017 Race Ambassador Kelly Frakes shared her breast cancer story with the group, and the Race team drew names for some great prizes, including Komen gift baskets, VIP parking for Race and calling the start of the Race. Congratulations to all the winners!


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WeHo Lions Club President Says Eviction Notice From Beverly Hills Was a Surprise
Tuesday - January 14, 2020 by Staff | 8 Comments
West Hollywood Lions Club building, 621 N. Robertson Blvd.
The president of the Lions Club of West Hollywood says the club was caught off guard by a notice from the City of Beverly Hills that it had to move by the end of March out of the log cabin at 621 N. Robertson Blvd. that had been its home for decades.
In an interview today,Gyula Kangiszer told WEHOville that the Lions Club had done an assessment of the building three years ago and decided that improvements were needed, including making it more handicap accessible. Kangiszer said the club put the work on hold after the City of Beverly Hills said it was in negotiations with someone to sell the property.
In a letter dated Jan. 20, Beverly Hills City Manager George Chavez told Kangiszer that the club had to vacate the property by March 31. Chavez noted that the Lions Club's original lease, dated Nov. 3, 1976, had expired on July 1, 1977, and that a recent audit of the city's land holdings revealed that the Lions Club has not paid rent on the property in the 42 years since then. Chavez said a contractor had inspected the property and "found portions of the building in poor condition."
Kangiszer shared with WEHOville a letter that the Lions Club sent today in response to the letter from Chavez.
"We are heartbroken that you are requesting the demolition of the West Hollywood Log Cabin that has been serving the community since 1936," Kangiszer wrote. "As a magical place in the busy city, the Log Cabin has saved over 100,000 lives helping people overcome addictions.
"You reference that the Lease expired on July 1, 1977. We are unsure what triggered the City of Beverly Hills to terminate the Tenancy now, 43 years later. Over the years, the Lions Club of West Hollywood has continuously requested your approval to agree on a long-term lease. The representatives of the Lions Club have been asking for years whom the lease should be paid to, and the representatives of the City of Beverly Hills stated that due to administrative ambiguity the Lions Club needed to wait with the payments.
"The Lions Club is committed to preserving the Log Cabin. We had collected quotations to beautify the building and its surroundings while maintaining its Historic Site characteristics. These improvements would have been done in 2018, but the City of Beverly Hills requested us to wait as it was still clarifying the land ownership situation with the City of West Hollywood. We were under the impression that these discussions are still ongoing. While we were waiting for the green light to start the external improvements, we had security and external video monitoring systems installed.
"In the interest of the community, we ask that you retract your termination request and work with us to agree on the details of a long-term lease."
Kangiszer said the rent was only $1 per year and that the Lions Club had been confused as to whom it owed the rent because the property had been owned by the Beverly Hills Water Authority. The lot on which it sits actually is within the boundaries of the City of West Hollywood, which has been in discussions with Beverly Hills about acquiring the property. The log cabin was built in the late 1920s or 1930s (different accounts state different years) and originally housed a local troop of the Boy Scouts of America.
Kangiszer was elected president of the West Hollywood Lions Club four months ago, succeeding longtime president Gayle Ann Stewart. He said the West Hollywood club had roughly 30 members and met at the log cabin about once a quarter. He said the Lions Club has kept the building because its members saw it as a valuable resource for about two dozen addiction recovery groups that met there. There are multiple Alcoholics Anonymous and Crystal Meth Anonymous and other recovery groups in the area, some of which meet at the Lions Club building and some at the Werle Building, which is owned by the City of West Hollywood and is on the opposite side of Robertson Boulevard. Kangiszer said those attending the recovery meetings make small payments at each meeting, with about $1 going to the Lions Club for each person attending a meeting in the log cabin.
The City of Beverly Hills and the City of West Hollywood have responded to the public outcry about plans to demolish the Lions Club log cabin on Robertson Boulevard with a statement on Monday saying they are discussing developing a "shared approach" to providing options for the Lions Club and addiction recovery groups that have used the cabin as a meeting place.
The statement said that the City of Beverly Hills has offered to provide alternative meeting locations for the Lions Club and other organizations that use the log cabin and "the City of West Hollywood is exploring options that support the ongoing use and the availability of community and recovery meetings."
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Tags: city of beverly hills, city of west hollywood, Gyula Kangiszer, werle building, west hollywood lion's club, west hollywood recovery center
LA Times Editorial Calls Out WeHo Mayor John Duran for His 'Hypersexual' Behavior
Opinion: Let's Discuss How West Hollywood Can Deal with 'Food Insecurity'
Jacob Tobia Discusses His Book on Gender Nonconformity at WeHo Reads
Adam Schiff Nudges Metro to Clarify Its Schedule for the Crenshaw Line Extension
Please leave a reply of no more than 300 words, focused on the issue and not fellow commenters.
ABC News report this morning starring John Duran, always craning for visibility, spoke about the importance the Log Cabin has had in the recovery community but failed to mention it's potential historic landmark importance according to a legitimate Historic Preservation Survey which commented on its integrity and condition. Not only is John Duran oblivious to this, he also appears oblivious to the West Hollywood Historic Preservation Ordinance, related practices in place and how it is designed to function. Too busy talking, too little time listening.
Jonathan Simmons
OMG – THIS NEWS ACTUALLY GOT OUT OF THE WEHO BLACK HOLE OF CITY NEWS, AND WAS ALL OVER LOCAL NEWS CHANNELS.
THE MAYOR (or some one in the office) OF BH HAD A SIDEWALK NEWS 'CONFERENCE' AT THE B. H. CIVIC CENTER.
The Curious Hippie
Some one, or groups of people who have should have had Administrative Duties failed to keep communication going with all of the Aforementioned parties involved in this situation. It would seem if this Log Cabin is considered an Historical Building, it should in fact be Preserved as a Historical Momument. Does the Lions Club, have written documentation that verifies payments were to be withheld? If so, this should be taken into consideration before an eviction notice is UpHeld. If not, only those who had this duty, should be asked to explain why no records were kept. Forty (40) years ago,… Read more »
Why on earth would anyone want to see the quirkiness of that log cabin in Weho be gone? I do know it was (no idea if still) "THE GAY AA" to go to. Like the shallow way people decide where to go out based on popularity & reputation for hottest & cutest guys go. I heard that and kinda wondered if seeking real group assistance with Alcoholism was beneficial in an AA meeting described like the ultimate place to cruise. In any event, I can't see or imagine anybody would want to get rid of the Cabin. It's not like… Read more »
Larry Block
John Duran has proclaimed himself to be the recovery champ on the council attending meetings here for 20 years but was too busy with trials and radio shows instead of really caring and anticipating what was happening to this space.
Eric Jon Schmidt
Why does almost every story on WEHOville article attract John Duran Bashing? This article has nothing to do with JD. The City Council should ask the LA Superior Court for an injunction to stop the demolition until more information and public opinions are considered. I could present a case for the injunction to the Court so why aren't the Lawyers who are licensed to practice law in CA on City Council and in the Community doing so? If BH is allowed to demolish the building, WH planning commissions and City Council can and should limit what BH does with the… Read more »
This comment contains many conflicting and uninformed statements. First, John Duran has championed himself as the vanguard for the substance abuse recovery community while at the same time advocating for an increase in establishments that fuel the problem. Secondly, it would seem that organizations like the Lion's Club who pride themselves on community service endeavors should understand the basic responsibility of understanding the lease arrangements of their location and paying rent. Recovery groups that follow a 12 step process should understand the concept and practice of responsibility. neither organization apparently followed through. The historic value of The Log Cabin has… Read more »
I'm sorry, you haven't paid rent in 42 years and you're surprised when you get an eviction notice one day?? What planet does this guy live on?? You've been on borrowed time for 42 years!!


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Infrastructure REIT Uniti Highlights Growing Role of Fiber Telecommunications
Kenny Gunderman, president and CEO of Uniti Group Inc. (NASDAQ: UNIT), joined REIT.com for a video interview at REITWeek 2017: NAREIT's Investor Forum at the New York Hilton Midtown.
Uniti, previously known as Communications Sales & Leasing, focuses on the acquisition and construction of mission-critical communications infrastructure such as fiber optics, wireless towers and ground leases.
Gunderman described fiber as an increasingly important asset in the wireless infrastructure system, pointing out that macro towers are all connected back to the internet by fiber.
"Wireless broadband is far and away the biggest growth driver for our industry," Gunderman said. He noted that 85 to 90 percent of the economics required to build small cell assets comes from fiber optics.
As the only fiber REIT that exists today, "we think we're really well-positioned with that trend," Gunderman said.
Meanwhile, Gunderman noted that mergers and acquisitions (M&A) remain "very active" in the segment.
"For us, there's a tremendous amount of opportunities," Gunderman said. "There's billions of dollars of fiber that's in the ground today, and there's billions of dollars of fiber that's being built."
Uniti Group Inc.


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Q: JOI to validate that selling quantity less than buying quantity I have two mongoose schema for trading app, one is buySchema
const buySchema = new Schema({
    parentId: String,
    buyingPrice: {
        type: Number,
        min: [0, 'Price can\'t be negative']
    },
    sharesBought: {
        type: Number,
        min: [0, 'No. of Shares can\'t be negative']
    },
    day: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
    sells: [{
        type: Schema.Types.ObjectId,
        ref: 'Sell'
    }],
})

and other is sellSchema
const sellSchema = new Schema({
    sellingPrice:Number,
    sharesSold:Number,
    day: { type: Date, default: Date.now }
})

Now I want to make sure that sharesSold is never greater than sharesBought.
module.exports.sellSchema = Joi.object({
    sell: Joi.object({
        sellingPrice: Joi.number().min(0).required(),
        sharesSold: Joi.number().min(0).max(***'How to handle this part'***).required(),
        day: Joi.date().required()
    }).required()
})

I don't know how to write JOI schema condition such that max value for sharesSold is less than sharesBought? Please help

A: This is not something you can validate with joi. Your joi schema is only accepting information about sold shares, it doesn't have access to user's already existing shares. For better security and consistency it needs to be done on the application logic where there is access to stored boughtShares information

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Amy Schumer and Aidy Bryant are champions for body positivity in their own rights, but their new movie I Feel Pretty, out April 20, is receiving a different kind of attention. I Feel Pretty centers on an insecure woman, Renee (Schumer), who falls off her bike during a spin class and wakes up with newfound confidence. She looks exactly the same, yet all the self-image issues that once plagued her are now gone. The message here is pretty clear: Inner beauty and self-confidence are the most important things at the end of the day.
But some people think the way the film reaches this conclusion is problematic. When the first trailer came out in February, it immediately received backlash. Fans couldn't grapple with the fact that a woman had to essentially get a head injury in order to feel any amount of confidence. Is brain damage seriously the only way people who don't look like Emily Ratajkowski (who plays Schumer's roommate in the film) can feel good about their appearance?
People also criticized Schumer's casting, seeing as how she has so many privileges (white, able-bodied, non-plus-size) working in her favor. "As someone who looks considerably less attractive than @amyschumer in a bikini, has considerably less middle class privilege, & a chronic illness - what am I supposed to take from #Ifeelpretty - that I'm hideous to society and need brain damage before I can believe in myself? Ffs" one person wrote on Twitter.
So what is the truth here? Is I Feel Pretty empowering or regressive? As Bryant said, we won't know for sure until the film comes out—but there are some conclusions we can draw right now. Number one: Everyone's body insecurities are valid—mine, yours, Amy Schumer's, even Emily Ratajkowski's—so it's not fair to side-eye Renee's feelings in I Feel Pretty just because she has privilege. That doesn't prevent her from getting down on herself every now and then. She's human. We all do it—no matter what we look like. Seeng this on screen—especially if it's done with humor—is a positive thing.
That being said, it's important for films like this to have self-awareness. Schumer is a privileged woman. There's no denying it—and if I Feel Pretty doesn't acknowledge this, then it runs the risk of coming off tone-deaf. This in turn, will derail any self-empowerment message it tries to sell in the end. Simply put, I Feel Pretty needs to check itself—or else moviegoers, myself included, will check out.


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Home News & Views News Briefs Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades Reveal 40 Mile Range Rocket
Rockets from Gaza
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades Reveal 40 Mile Range Rocket
@israel_shield
17 Tishri 5776 – September 30, 2015
Photo Credit: Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades' new 40-mile rocket
(JNi.media) The military wing of Fatah in Gaza, the Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, say they have developed a rocket with enhanced capabilities to match the needs of their relatively small organization. Marking the terror group's 15th anniversary, the Brigades expressed their eagerness to "confront the occupation at any time."
Abu Jihad, spokesman for the Brigades' rocket production department, said the new missile reaches up to 40 miles "deep inside the Zionist enemy." The rocket is named K60, as in 60 km (which is 37.282272 miles). Abu Jihad also mentioned the Israeli siege on Gaza and how hard it is to produce weapons under such conditions.
On Tuesday, a World Bank report to the Ad Hoc Liaison committee (AHLC), a forum of donors to the Palestinian Authority, also warned that the ongoing restrictions on imports to Gaza by the Government of Israel have had a severe impact on the economy in Gaza.
The Brigades say they have already produced and replenished their supply of rockets, to meet "any future escalation."
Abu Ammar, a member of the Brigades' rocket production department, said in a paldf.net forum: "Our battalions rely on independent means following the siege on the Gaza Strip. Our rocket production department is determined to continue developing rockets with an even longer range".
The distance from Gaza City to Tel Aviv is 70 kilometers, or 44 miles. The distance from Gaza City to Jerusalem is 78 km, or 49 miles.
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades' new 40-mile rocket / Photo credit: Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades
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Jessie Schechter 17 Tishri 5776 – September 30, 2015 at 9:38 AM
Because we let them do it
Sam L Bailey 17 Tishri 5776 – September 30, 2015 at 10:11 AM
Learned from the best, the muslims
Merrianne Buda Mathies 19 Tishri 5776 – October 1, 2015 at 9:38 PM
And they should not have to restock or be ready.
Jessie is right. We let them do it. FB outrage is fine, but where is our outrage going to be taken to the streets? When are going to allow Israel to get rid of them once and for all without the UNs condemnation?
Are the War-like Headlines Between the USA & Iran, Fake News? – The Tamar Yonah Show [audio]
The Tamar Yonah Show Israel News Talk Radio
Printed from: https://www.jewishpress.com/news/breaking-news/al-aqsa-martyrs-brigades-reveal-40-mile-range-rocket/2015/09/30/


1815 entire dated "Basseterre May 14th 1815" from Thomas William Sturgeon N.O. (Naval Office) to J. King, Secretary to His Excellency Sir, James Leith, Antigua carried through the mail as rated "4" unpaid. Docketted on lower flap "St. Christopher as requesting either the original warrant for his appointment, or copy".
Fleurons used as ingoing arrival marks are by far the rarest in their group and very seldom found.
1860 cover front to Macclesfield with left flap, small portions right and lower edges irredeemably folded back and held with hinges (now browned) with GB QV 6d neatly tied "A12". The left fold has been prized open to show ST. KITTS MR 28 1860 dbl-arc and manuscript "posted too late", no indication of arrival. Use of the GB QV 6d alone on cover at St. Christopher is must scarcer than expected, currently I only record 7 items. No attempt has been made to improve the flap but with care it could be restored.
The expectation is that this "cover" was held over until the next sailing on AP 11 1860 and would have provided an interesting situation as on AP 1 1860 control of the West Indian Post Offices was officially transferred to local authorities, and GB stamps after that date were not technically permitted. The red ST. KITTS/PAID handstamp being used until St. Christopher provided itself with their own postage stamps (first supplies invoiced FE 14 1870). Use of the red ST. KITTS/PAID on AP 11 1860 is illustrated and described Brian Brookes sale lot 148 (Spink JA 23 2018).
1879 cover to Cathrine Muir, Charles Town Dispensary, George Town, Demerara with QV 1d magenta pmk'd "15/9/79" at one of the rural offices with QV 6d green pmk'd APMY cds with ST. KITTS SP 16 79 despatch alongside, soiled and faulty edges, large part flap lost in opening, partial Georgetown arrival backstamp. Ex, URWICK, TV ROBERTS, BROOKES.
British Guiana had an interim UPU rate AP 1 77 to AP 1 79 and during that period mail from St. Christopher (as a non-UPU member) would have been 6d. At the time of posting this letter both would have been full UPU members (St. Christopher having joined the UPU JY 1 1879) and postage should have been 4d. However there must have been confusion on the part of St. Christopher as the rural 1d surcharge was contrary to UPU regulations, and it is felt that the continued use of the 6d rate, ten weeks after joining, was an overhang.
1884 OHMS inscribed foolscap cover to Freshford, Near Bath, Somersetshire with QV 4d blue pair, 6d green tied "A12" (with further 6d stamp removed to make the 5 x 4d quintuple rate) pmk'd ST. KITTS C/SP 26 84, backstamped Bath (OC 13) and Freshford (OC 12). Both stamps and cover edges with faults.
1889 cover from J. Fleurot & Cie, Pointe a Pitre, Guadeloupe to J.H. Porter & Co., Tusket Wedge, Nova Scotia carried privately to St. Kitts and posted with QV 4d grey tied "A12" with C/JA 19 89 despatch, light part YARMOUTH N.S. FE 6 89 transit on reverse. Small tear at top and other peripheral faults but the only cover recorded as such.
ST. KITTS PAID used during shortage 4d stamps for UPU rate to SCOTLAND.
1889 stampless cover front with single flap to Edinburgh with the (4d) UPU rate covered by black undated ST. KITTS PAID with ST. KITTS C/NO 21 89 despatch showing DE 7 89 arrival on opened flap. Fragile with horiz. crease and edge faults mounted against black background sharing the earliest known use date. Ex FORSYTH, BROOKES.
The 1889 shortage of ½d, 1d, 2½d, 4d stamps currently spans a 22 day period NO 21 1889 to DE 12 1889. New supplies were invoiced NO 29 1889 comprising ½d dull green (6,080 stamps), 1d carmine-rose, 2½d ultramarine, 4d grey (6,100 each) all Crown CA wmk, with expected arrival in time for the DE 19 89 sailing to UK. Only four covers and two cover fronts are recorded comprising NO 21 89 (at the over 300 miles rate) to Trinidad, NO 21 89 and DE 5 89 cover fronts (at the 4d UPU rate) to Edinburgh and London respectively, DE 5 89 and DE 12 89 (at the 2½d under 300 miles radius rate) to Barbados and Antigua respectively, and DE 10 89 (at the 1d local rate) to Nevis.
ST. KITTS PAID (used during shortage 4d stamps for UPU rate) to ENGLAND.
1889 stampless reduced cover front to London with the (4d) UPU rate covered by black undated ST. KITTS PAID with ST. KITTS C/DE 5 89 despatch. Ex URWICK, BROOKES.
double-arc dated JA 27 1855 on 6d rated wrapper to Alnwick.
the bogus "Revenue" and "HALF PENNY" overprints on diagonally perforated genuine QV 1d carmine (SG.92) tied faked Barbados duplex A/JA 4 87 on cover to St. Christopher showing both red and black faked arrival cancels. Opened-out for display, a little fragile with small faults, only entire seen as such. BPA cert as faked cover.