text:
2021 NHL Betting Preview: 3 Teams to Fade, 2 Teams to Buy Ahead of the New Season
Kyle Ross/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images. Pictured: Jakub Voracek, Carter Hutton
Michael J. Leboff
One exercise that I find helpful before the NHL season starts is to circle a few teams that could be mispriced heading into Opening Night. This is not necessarily for finding value on a futures bet or for an Over/Under, but more to identify teams that could be worth backing or fading on a game-to-game basis, especially in the early part of the season.
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Philadelphia Flyers +1600
I think the Philadelphia Flyers are the most overrated team in the pre-season betting market. The Flyers are a solid team, but there's nothing extraordinary about them and it's a bit perplexing to see them priced as one of the favorites to win the Stanley Cup.
There are a couple of factors driving up this price. The Flyers were red hot before the hiatus and used a 9-1-0 stretch to vault themselves into the top four of the Eastern Conference. That earned Philadelphia a spot in the seeding round robin in the bubble and the Flyers took that opportunity and ran with it. Philadelphia swept the round robin to become the No. 1 seed in the Eastern Conference.
The Flyers eked by the 12th-seeded Montreal Canadiens in Round 1 and then fell to the Islanders, 4-3, in the Conference Semifinals. Philadelphia was out-played in both series, but got timely goaltending from Carter Hart to make it 13 games into the playoffs. To the naked eye, getting within one game of the Conference Finals looks impressive, but a deeper look reveals that the Flyers were quite fortunate to get that deep into the tournament.
The other reason this price could be this short is that the Flyers are well-followed in Pennsylvania and Southern New Jersey, two places where online sports betting is fully legal. The good ol' local tax.
On the whole, the Flyers are an above-average team. Their statistical profile in 2019/20 was a good reflection of the type of team I project the Flyers will be in 2021 — good, but not great.
Stat (5-on-5)
Regular Season (69 games)
Postseason (16 games)
Goals per 60 2.77 2.41
Goals Against per 60 2.4 1.99
Expected Goals per 60 2.43 2.02
Expected Goals Against per 60 2.34 2.49
Expected goals (also known as xG) is a predictive statistic that gives an indication of whether results are based on sustainable factors like a steady creation of scoring chances, or whether it is down to aspects such as shooting luck or outstanding goaltending.
Simply put, an expected goals rate (xGF%) above 50% is considered good because it means a team is creating the majority of the scoring chances. Anything below 50% is usually a sign that a team is struggling to control play.
xG numbers cited from Evolving Hockey.
The Flyers were fifth with a +0.37 Goal Differential per 60 minutes, but their xGD per 60 was 13th at +0.09. Those kind of numbers don't leave much room for error in terms of goaltending or goal-scoring, so the Flyers could become overly-reliant on Hart to play at a high level.
That could be an issue with a jam-packed schedule and I don't have much faith in No. 2 goalie Brian Elliott, who posted a -6.77 Goals Saved Above Expectations (GSAx) in 31 starts in 2019-20.
Philadelphia is slated to play in the East Division with the Bruins, Penguins, Capitals, Islanders, Rangers, Devils and Sabres. I think you can make a better argument for the Flyers being the fifth-best team in that set than you can for them being at the top.
If these odds are any indication of how the Flyers will be priced in the early going, I think they will make great fade material out of the gates.
Anton Khudobin and the Dallas Stars are 20/1 to win the Stanley Cup. Credit: Bruce Bennett/Getty Images.
Dallas Stars (+2200)
The Stars were a wonderful story in the bubble. An adorably scrappy underdog that took down Colorado and Vegas before running out of steam against the Lightning, Dallas captured the hearts of casual fans around the NHL universe in 2020.
That type of story has the tendency to carry over into the next season and even though 26/1 isn't a short number, I am skeptical that the Stars will be able to get enough results in the early part of the season without Tyler Seguin and Ben Bishop.
As a team, the Stars are built to score just enough goals, play good enough defense and get the big saves from either one of their star-caliber goaltenders. Anton Khudobin was the Stars' MVP in the bubble and rates out as one of the NHL's best goaltenders, but if he falters or goes down in a jam-packed season, the Stars will need to turn to Jake Oettinger until Bishop returns in March.
Injuries, especially those to top-of-the-roster players, will be especially detrimental in this environment. Losing a player like Seguin for two months in a normal season is survivable, but it could be pretty disastrous when you consider he's going to miss about half the season. That's a big knock against a team that already lacks scoring punch.
Without Seguin to lead the line, the Stars will need Joe Pavelski to be the lynchpin between Jamie Benn and Alex Radulov. Those three veteran producers still provide Dallas with a legitimate first line, but bumping Pavelski up leaves the middle-six wanting. If there was such a thing, Denis Gurianov and Roope Hintz could be part of an All-Underrated Team, but outside of those two there are more questions than answers down the lineup.
With Seguin and Bishop out, this team's success will hinge on its defense and how effective the Stars are at limiting scoring chances. The good news is that Dallas was one of the league's best teams at doing just that in 2019-20 and its defense is led by star-in-the-making Miro Heiskanen and the impressive John Klingberg.
Goals Against per 60 1.99 2.42
As you can see from the numbers above, Dallas struggled to score in the regular season but was bailed out by a defense that led the Western Conference in GA/60. Dallas executed that low-event style of hockey well enough to earn a bye to Round 1 in the postseason.
It may seem startling that the Stars' numbers ballooned across the board during the playoffs, but when you consider that they played three best-of-7 series against Colorado, Vegas and Tampa — perhaps the three best offensive teams in the NHL — it starts to make sense.
I'd expect Dallas' statistical portfolio this season to fall back towards where it was in the regular season, but that style of hockey leaves little margin for error and prevents the Stars from being the team that would be able to easily swat aside bottom-feeders like Detroit or Chicago.
The last time that hockey fans saw the Stars they were in the Stanley Cup Final. It's only natural that a performance like that will inflate the price on Dallas out of the gates and provide astute bettors with the opportunity to fade the reigning Western Conference Champions at a decent price.
Jack Eichel and the Buffalo Sabres at 50/1 to win the 2021 Stanley Cup. Credit: Norm Hall/NHLI via Getty Images.
Buffalo Sabres +5000
It may sound weird to say a team that is a +5000 longshot is overrated, but I think the market is a bit too high on the Buffalo Sabres.
The Sabres did get better during the offseason. They made perhaps the biggest splash of the offseason by signing 2017-18 MVP Taylor Hall to a one-year deal. Hall and Jack Eichel give Buffalo a dynamic first line.
The Sabres were also able to improve their center depth by acquiring Eric Staal, who will slot in nicely behind Eichel. Buffalo's top-six, which also will include Jeff Skinner, Victor Olofsson and Sam Reinhart, is a real strength and should provide a boost to a team that ranked 30th with a 2.05 xGF/60 in 2019-20.
The influx of talent makes Buffalo a better team, but I think the betting market overreacted to a flashy offseason without taking other factors into account.
The biggest red flag is in goal, where the Sabres don't seem to have a reliable starter. Carter Hutton and Linus Ullmark split duties in 2019-20, as neither netminder established himself during the season. Hutton struggled to a -13.49 GSAx in 31 games last season, while Ullmark was better, but still not impressive with a -4.81 GSAx in 34 games.
Buffalo played a relatively strong defensive game last season, allowing 2.37 goals and 2.26 xG per 60. That said, Buffalo's defense is still a work in progress with no clear-cut top pairing. Rasmus Dahlin could become a true No. 1 rearguard in 2021, but the rest of the unit leaves something to be desired.
My biggest concern for the Sabres is not something that is within their control. The East Division figures to be a true gauntlet and the Sabres will open the season as the seventh-favorite in the eight-team set.
I can see how bettors can get infatuated with the Sabres. It's been a while since Buffalo has been successful and it always looks like the Sabres are close to taking the next step. I think that sentiment, combined with a noteworthy offseason, is causing a few too many people to buy the Sabres as a sleeper and is inflating their price in the futures markets.
I think Buffalo's profile is closer to an 80/1 longshot than a 50/1 team on the fringe.
Brady Tkachuk and the Ottawa Senators are 200/1 longshots to win the 2021 Stanley Cup. Credit: Matt Zambonin/NHLI via Getty Images
Ottawa Senators +20000
Here are two pre-season predictions I know will come true: 1) I will be betting the Ottawa Senators quite often over the next four months. 2) It will not be fun.
I don't say that because I think the Sens will be good, but rather because I don't think they will be as bad as people think, which should create some buy-low value on Ottawa in 2021.
When you're betting on a sport consistently, you need to pay attention to every team. Just because a team is out of contention doesn't mean you should put a line through them. Most casual bettors and fans have no time for a team that is headed for the lottery and that often creates quite a bit of value on the clubs near the bottom of the table.
The Senators were 30th out of 31 teams in the NHL in 2019-20, but their 5-on-5 numbers largely improved in D.J. Smith's first season behind the bench. Ottawa's statistical profile was still underwhelming, but the Sens finished 11th in xGF/60 and boasted a better xGA/60 than seven teams, including the Jets, Canucks and Rangers.
Those may seem like modest successes, but those are the type of datapoints you want to look out for on a team that most other people will overlook.
Goals per 60 2.5 2.23
Goals Differential per 60 -0.73 -0.48
xG Differential per 60 -0.38 -0.11
The Senators will likely still struggle to score and their center depth is a real issue, but there are enough high-ceiling players on this roster that they could be a pesky underdog.
The biggest question mark for Ottawa will be in goal. The Senators are making a bet that two-time Stanley Cup winner Matt Murray can find his championship form after two down seasons. Murray was near the bottom of the league with a -13.98 GSAx in 2019-20, but it's not all that rare for goaltenders to go through peaks and valleys in their careers. A resurgent season from Murray and all of a sudden Ottawa becomes pretty interesting.
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Ottawa is the second-biggest longshot in the market ahead of Detroit, but I don't think there's all that much that separates the Sens from teams in the tier above them on the oddsboard like the Kings, Blackhawks, Coyotes, Sabres, Devils and Ducks.
The Senators should also benefit from the unique circumstances in 2021. A 56-game season will create more variance and the All-Canadian projects to be the most wide-open group in the league, so there are a lot of winnable games on the schedule for a team that will be consistently offered at a big price.
Get ready to bet the Ottawa Senators every night.
Jeff Petry and the Montreal Canadiens could be a good sleeper bet for the 2021 Stanley Cup. Credit: Fred Kfoury III/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images
Montreal Canadiens +3000
I've only made one bet so far this offseason and it was on Montreal to win the Stanley Cup at 50/1. That number is gone now, but I still think the Habs are worth keeping tabs on. I have them as the second-best team in the North Divison, while most sportsbooks have them behind Edmonton and on level pegging with Calgary.
On the surface, the Habs looked like a picture of mediocrity in 2019/20. They finished 31-31-9 with 71 points and a -9 goal differential in 71 games.
Under the surface, Montreal looked like a team that should be a contender. The Habs had the second-best xG differential per 60 minutes during the regular season, finishing just behind Vegas and slightly ahead of Tampa Bay. Not bad company to keep.
NHL Rank
Goals per 60 2.54 17th
Goals Against per 60 2.45 13th
Goal Differential per 60 +0.08 13th
Expected Goals per 60 2.66 3rd
Expected Goals Against per 60 2.34 11th
Expected Goals Against per 60 +0.41 2nd
Driving play is never a bad thing, but Montreal's terrific possession numbers never really led to sustained success because of a roster flaw: The Habs lacked scoring talent.
The Canadiens finished 26th overall with a 7.45% shooting percentage at 5-on-5, and that lack of scoring put more pressure on the defense and goaltending to make the chances they did convert stand up. That didn't happen, as Carey Price struggled to a -11.04 GSAx over the regular season.
Part of Price's struggles seemed to be workload related. The former league MVP played in 58 of Montreal's 71 games in the regular season, tying him with Connor Hellebuyck for the most appearances in 2019-20. But after a five-month hiatus due to the pandemic, we saw the return of "Vintage" Carey Price as he returned to form in the bubble.
Price posted a +7.92 GSAx in Montreal's 10 postseason games and carried the Habs to an upset over the Pittsburgh Penguins in the Qualifying Round. Montreal probably deserved to pull off another shocker in Round 1, as the Habs thoroughly outplayed the Flyers but didn't score enough to get through the series.
Montreal still doesn't have the game-breaking finisher that you'd think it would need to contend, but the Habs bolstered an already strong group of forwards by signing Tyler Toffoli and trading Max Domi for Josh Anderson. When Domi was on, he was a force, but the team is betting that Anderson will give this group the consistent finisher it has sorely lacked.
If Anderson and Toffoli provide even a little bit of scoring oomph, the Habs could have one of the deepest rosters in the league, and the ceiling could be pretty high considering middle-six centers Nick Suzuki and Jesperi Kotkaniemi are 21 and 20 years old, respectively.
Things check out on defense, too, as Jeff Petry and Shea Weber give Montreal two No. 1 defensemen and the rest of the unit projects to be fine, too.
That brings us back to Price. Goalies are always the elephant in the room because of their importance and volatility, but I think there's reason to be confident that Price will provide the type of netminding needed for this team to compete.
Not only did Price recapture his old form during the postseason, but the Canadiens acquired Jake Allen from the Blues in the offseason and that should take some of the burden off their franchise goalie during a jam-packed regular season. Allen struggled to become a true No. 1 goaltender in St. Louis but he flourished as a backup to Jordan Binnington in 2019-20, posting a +7.03 GSAx in 24 games last season.
The Canadiens should also benefit from playing in the wide-open Canadian Division. You can make a case for or against every team in the set outside of Ottawa. The Maple Leafs will enter the season as the favorite but they are far from perfect and every other contender has serious flaws, too. Montreal isn't a surefire bet to make the playoffs, but I think the Habs have a pretty high ceiling and their depth gives them a bigger margin for error than the other teams in this division.
There is a feasible path to success for the Montreal Canadiens in 2021 and that's all you're really asking for out of a team in this range.
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        <title>Volumes</title>
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        </para>
        <para>When you create, list, update, extend, or delete volumes, the possible status
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Volume statuses

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                    Status
                    Description

                    <para>creating</para>
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                    <para>attaching</para>
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        <title>Volume types</title>
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        <title>Snapshots</title>
        <para>A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of the data that a
            volume contains.</para>
        <para>When you create, list, or delete snapshots, these status
            values are possible:</para>

Snapshot statuses

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            <col width="70%"/>

                    Status
                    Description

                        <para>creating</para>
                    <para>The snapshot is being created.</para>

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                    <para>The snapshot is being deleted.</para>

                        <para>error</para>
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                        creation.</para>

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        <title>Quality of service (QoS) specifications (qos-specs)</title>
        <para>Administrators only, depending on policy settings.</para>
        <para>
            Creates, lists, shows details for, associates, disassociates, and
            deletes quality of service (QoS) specifications.
        </para>
        <wadl:resources xmlns:wadl="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
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        <title>Quota sets extension (os-quota-sets)</title>
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        </para>
        <para>
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        <wadl:resources xmlns:wadl="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
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                <wadl:method href="#deleteQuotasUser"/>
            </wadl:resource>
            <wadl:resource href="../wadls/volume-api/src/v2/os-quota-sets-v2.wadl#user_id-detail-cinder-v2">
                <wadl:method href="#showQuotaDetailUser"/>
            </wadl:resource>
        </wadl:resources>

        <title>Limits extension (limits)</title>
        <para>Shows absolute limits for a tenant.</para>
        <para>
            An absolute limit value of -1 indicates that the
            absolute limit for the item is infinite.
        </para>
        <wadl:resources href="../wadls/volume-api/src/v2/os-limits-v2.wadl"
            xmlns:wadl="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02"/>

        <title>Backups</title>
        <para>
            A backup is a full copy of a volume stored in an external service.
            The service can be configured. The only supported service for now
            is Object Storage. A backup can subsequently be restored from the
            external service to either the same volume that the backup was
            originally taken from, or to a new volume. backup and restore
            operations can only be carried out on volumes which are in an
            unattached and available state.
        </para>
        <para>When you create, list, or delete backups, these status
            values are possible:</para>

Backup statuses

            <col width="30%"/>
            <col width="70%"/>

                    Status
                    Description

                        <para>creating</para>
                    <para>The backup is being created.</para>

                        <para>available</para>
                    <para>The backup is ready to be restored to a
                        volume.</para>

                        <para>deleting</para>
                    <para>The backup is being deleted.</para>

                        <para>error</para>
                    <para>An error has occurred with the
                        backup.</para>

                        <para>restoring</para>
                    <para>The backup is being restored to a
                        volume.</para>

                        <para>error_restoring</para>
                    <para>An error occurred during backup restoration to a
                        volume.</para>

        <para>In the event of an error, more information about the error
            can be found in the <literal>fail_reason</literal> field for
            the backup.</para>

        <title>Volume manage extension (os-volume-manage)</title>
        <para>
            Creates volumes by using existing storage instead of allocating
            new storage.
        </para>
        <wadl:resources href="../wadls/volume-api/src/v2/os-volume-manage-v2.wadl"/>

        <title>Volume type access (volumes)</title>
        <para>
            Creates private volumes.
        </para>
        <para>
            By default, volumes are public. To create a private volume, set
            the is_public boolean field to false at
            volume creation time. To control access to a private volume, you
            add a project to or remove a project from the volume. Private
            volume types without projects are only visible by users with the
            administrative role and context.
        </para>
        <wadl:resources xmlns:wadl="http://wadl.dev.java.net/2009/02">
            <wadl:resource href="../wadls/volume-api/src/v2/os-volume-type-access-v2.wadl#volumes">
                    <wadl:method href="#createVolumeTypeAccessExt"/>
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</chapter>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Events and Gallery
A Hearty Welcome to American Veterans Monuments at Niagara Falls
American Veterans Monument at Niagara Falls, located in Niagara Falls, NY was established to properly honor the veterans from Niagara Falls who died in battle, and any veteran who may have served with them, regardless of from where they hail.
American Veterans Monuments at Niagara Falls is dedicated to the 463 warriors who were residents from the City of Niagara Falls who gave their lives in defense of the United States of America. The Monument was built by the Niagara Falls Veterans Memorial Commission, Inc., a not for profit corporation registered in the State of New York and designated as a 501 c 3 charitable organization by the Internal Revenue Service.
The Mission of the Niagara Falls Veterans Monument Commission, the operator of the American Veterans Monuments in Niagara Falls, is to build and maintain monuments that bring honor and dignity to:
Those veterans from anywhere in the nation and world who honorably served in the Armed Forces of the United States, be they living or dead, currently serving, retired, or having completed their enlistment or commissions during periods of war or in the preservation of peace and they, their family, friends and offspring would like them to be remembered for generations to come in the 18-tons of all-American granite in Niagara Falls, New York.
Those veterans who are from Niagara Falls who honorably gave their lives to the cause of freedom and liberty who served alongside the aforementioned group in past, current and future conflicts.
Honored Veterans
Panel 1Panel 1
The Niagara Falls Veterans Memorial Commission, Inc. was granted permission by the Niagara Falls City Council by formal Resolution to develop approximately 6.5 acres of land in Hyde Park for the purpose of a Veteran's Memorial Park within the park. Contact us today to learn more about us and our various commission members.
Highlight your most important services or special offers in this section. Use an image to visually reinforce them.
Service One Link
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I would absolutely recommend layout-demo. I say this and I do not say it lightly, I think they are the best"
- John Smith, Client Company
Such a great service is rare to find! layout-demo has really exceeded my expectations. Thank you!"
- Anna Croft, Happy Customer
123 Any Street
Your City, Your State
American Veterans Monument at Niagara Falls
email@companydomain.com
Home | Who We Are | How to Help | Events and Gallery | Contact Us

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
current events ›
international news and politics
Israel - closed
Caissa
Do you have a link to Iran's official account?
Trying to keep track of who all the players are here in the Middle East is like trying to keep track of what is going on in Quebec politics these days.
Seriously, there is no definitive proof that Iran is trying to create a nuclear bomb, but my understanding is any country who has nuclear power plants, also has the ability to create nuclear bombs.
Secondly, since when did Israel ever announce its military plans before attacking?
The current Israeli PM however has figured out a no-lose strategy, at least in his mind, by suggesting that Israel needs to launch military action against Iran soon.
If the USA does attack Iran before the election it might do damage to Obama's campaign, as Americans are tired of the Iraq and Afghan wars, and it might propel right-winger Romney into the White House.
If the USA does not attack Iran before the election, the Israeli PM can say the Democrats are not supportive of Israel, and then Jewish voters may vote for Romney.
This war talk also takes the focus of the settlements.
But many changes are taking place in the neighbourhood now what with Syria, Egypt, and now Lebanon, let alone Iraq.
How many countries is it now that have just warned their citizens to get out of Lebanon?
NDPP
Stumbling Towards Nuclear War? -- Paul Craig Roberts
http://www.counterpunch.org/2012/08/17/stumbling-towards-nuclear-war/
"The morons who rule the American sheeple are not only dumb and blind, they are deaf as well. The ears of america's 'super-power' only work when the Israeli prime minister, the crazed Netanyahu speaks. Then Washington hears everything and rushes to comply. Israel is a tiny insignificant state, created by the careless British and the stupid americans. It has no power except what its american protector provides. Yet, despite Israeli insignificance, it rules Washington.
When a resolution introduced by the Israel Lobby is delivered to Congress, it passes unanimously. If Israel wants war, Israel gets its wish. When Israel commits war-crimes against Palestinians and Lebanon and is damned by the hundred plus UN resolutions passed against Israel's criminal actions, the US bail Israel out of trouble with its veto.."
International Community Impotent in Dealing with Israeli Crimes (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/08/19/257118/intl-community-silent-on...
"The international community is impotent when it comes to the siege of Gaza despite being almost unambiguous in its condemnations of continued Israeli violations. Press TV has conducted an interview with Aly el Kabbany, political analyst to further discuss this issue.."
Unionist wrote:
Caissa wrote:
Iran's president says Israel's existence is an "insult to all humanity."
It's one of his sharpest attacks yet against the Jewish state. It comes as Israel openly debates whether to attack Iran over its nuclear program.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad said confronting Israel is an effort to "protect the dignity of all human beings."
http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2012/08/17/iran-israel-ahmadinejad.html
I think it's risky to quote as fact a U.S. reporter from Tehran, which cites partial sentences, and refers to Israel as "the Jewish state".
Iran's official account of what he said is very strong language indeed, but it does not include any of the made-up stuff in the AP report. In fact, his entire attack is against "the Zionist regime" of Israel. Is Iran in the habit of watering down Ahmadinejad's speeches? Did the U.S. reporter do his own translation (in which case, let's see the whole transcript)?
When you read the AP article carefully, you see that it never attributes any motive for Iran's hatred for "the Jewish state". But every time it mentions that Israel is planning to wage aggressive war against Iran, it gives the "reason".
This is warmongering propaganda, and it should not be presented as news without at least a disclaimer.
Iran's Words Mistranslated Again by America's Trying to Start a War
http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2012/08/irans-words-mistranslated-again-b...
"...Israel's existence is an 'insult to all humanity' Iran's president said Friday...
'The existence of the Zionist regime is an insult to all humanity,' Ahmadinejad said. Similarly the AP story repeated the old canard: 'Tensions between Iran and Israel have intensified since 2005, when Ahmadinejad said in a speech that Israel will one day be 'wiped off the map'..."
Non-Intervention Policy: Hundreds Watch as Dozens of Jewish Youths Attack Palestinians
http://rt.com/news/israel-youths-lynch-palestinians-078/
"Hundreds of people watched but did not intervene as a gang of Israeli youths attempted to 'lynch' a group of Palestinian children in the center of Jerusalem's Zion Square, police said on Sunday..."
sounds like a promising new recruitment crop for the IDF
The alleged mistranslation seems like a piffle to me. The Iranian regimes attitude towards Israel is as clear as the Israeli regimes attitude towards Iran.
Troubling Israeli Religious Fundamentalism - by Stephen Lendman
http://warisacrime.org/content/troubling-israeli-religious-fundamentalism
"Islamic fundamentalism is vilified in the West. Extremist Jews are largely ignored..."
Israeli Settler: 'If I see her coming, no matter what age she is 3, 4, 7, I'll fuck her over.' Israeli Soldier: 'No Problem!' (and vid)
http://mondoweiss.net/2012/08/israeli-settler-if-i-see-her-coming-no-mat...
Tom Mulcair: 'an ardent supporter of Israel in all situations and instances'
Stephen Harper:'Israel has no better friend than Canada' - Stephen Harper
European Union Well Aware of Israeli Crimes (and vid)
http://presstv.com/detail/2012/08/26/258294/eu-aware-of-israeli-crimes/
"What effectively happening is that the European Union is in a way funding the occupation. It is clear that statehood is not coming soon and that this current process is not leading to independence."
Transferring the 'Right of Return'
http://www.deliberation.info/transferring-the-right-of-return/
how much genocide, and how many stolen indigenous countries, do you really need?
More: Soldiers Attack Children
http://www.popularstruggle.org/content/video-soldiers-attack-children-na...
"During the weekly demonstration in the village of Nabi Saleh to support the Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails..."
'the only democracy in the Middle East with the most moral army in the world...'
Israeli Vets Confess...(and vid)
http://rt.com/news/israeli-soldiers-abuse-children-581/
"no mercy' abuse of Palestinian 'terrorist' kids.."
Palestinian Man Tasered 5 Times by Israeli Cops (and vid)
http://rt.com/news/palestinian-tasered-israeli-police-443/
"Every time I tried to rise to my feet, he pulled the trigger and shocked me again, even though I was handcuffed, my whole body was bloody. I vomited and then went to the hospital,' said 42 year old Talal Siad to Israeli newspaper Haaretz. He was reportedly with his 5 children in the park when the incident occurred..."
'I Saw the Whole Beating, It's a Good Thing That They Beat the Arabs' (and vid)
http://youtu.be/bcUEFHG1y7g
"Just days after a mob of Jewish Israelis beat and injured three Palestinian youths, one nearly to death, Israel's YNET News conducted interviews in Central Jerusalem. 'I hate all Arabs!'..."
'The only democracy in the Middle East' eh?
Apparently all such documented hatreds and genocidal persuasions are honestly held. Some of them actually believe there's cause behind such cruelties spanning across whatever history mythology is capable of divulging. Where it concerns us in this country, apart from being a spectator to the daily and unrelenting injustice that no longer bothers to hide itself, are even more despicable human specimens, our political representatives that is, whose only cause is opportunity, and who don't appear to mind whatsoever that they're not fooling people into believing that they share no responsibility for any of this. When a Palestinian child is beaten up, murdered, imprisoned, etc; so long as Harper, Rae and Mulcair maintain their fealty to the State of Israel, in their silence it is the same thing as if they and the parties they represent were the abusers, the murderers, and the jailers of children.
Palestinians Protesting Economic Stagnation [Strangulation] Clash with Police (and vid)
http://rt.com/news/palestine-protests-violence-economy-841/
"Thousands of Palestinians clashed with police in protests over the economic stagnation caused by strict Israeli trade controls and declining Western aid..."
People Protest in Occupied Palestinian Territories (and vid)
http://presstv.com/detail/2012/09/13/261296/protest-occupied-palestinian...
"The occupied Palestinian territories still in the midst of a protest wave..."
Viva Viva Intifada!
I think the people on the ground there should be rightfully concerned that its been some time since the last Israeli generated mass slaughter. We'd have to anticipate another one at any time. Apparently the only consequence they suffer from these periodic mass slaughters is having to repeat them all over again.
And as Israel's genocide agenda for the Palestinian people creates increasingly worsening and intolerable conditions...
On the Eve of Rosh Hashanah 5773: Israel by the Numbers
http://www.cija.ca/israel-advocacy/on-the-eve-of-rosh-hashanah-5773-isra...
"As we celebrate the dawn of a new year, Canadian supporters of Israel - both Jewish and non-Jewish - look to the Jewish state as a continuing source of pride, achievement and inspiration. Here are just a few fascinating facts on Israel..."
30th Anniversary of Sabra & Shatilla Massacre - by Francis Boyle
http://mwcnrews.net/focus/analysis/21544-sabra-a-shatilla-massacre.html
"...according to the 1949 Fourth Geneva Convention, Major General Amos Yaron is a war criminal by virtue of this command responsibility for the murder of about 2,000 Palestinian and Lebanese civilians during the 1982 Sabra and Shatilla refugee camp massacre in Beirut Lebanon.."
a few more 'fascinating facts on Israel'...
Ken O'Keefe: Gazan Children Suffer from Israel's Barbaric Siege (and vid)
http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2012/09/15/261749/children-biggest-victims-...
"...We have allowed 800,000 plus children to endure what can only be considered a barbaric sort of siege, which subjects all of these people to a collective punishment policy." Press TV interviews Ken O'Keefe
New CONsul General An Expert in Anti-BDS Tactics
http://www.cjnews.com/canada/new-consul-general-expert-anti-bds-tactics
"...Prior to his new role, DJ Schneeweiss spent several years as the Israeli foreign ministry's primary tactician on all things BDS, travelling the world to fight the delegitimization campaign being waged against Israel. Before that he was the country's deputy ambassador to China.."
Schneeweiss and his war-criminal accomplice Brig-Gen Eden Atias, Israel's military attache to Canada are also hard at work on Canada's role in the Iran/Syria files. The Israelification of Canada's foreign policy proceeds apace as George Galloway's statement rings ever more true: 'Canada is becoming little more than an embassy for Benjamin Netanyahu'...
Montreal and Israeli Execs Sign Agreement
http://www.cjnews.com/?q=node/94174
"...Several other ententes were concluded between academic institutions, namely McGill University and the Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Tel Aviv University and Bar-Illan University, Universite de Montreal and Hebrew University, and Polytechnique Montreal and the Techion. Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs (CIJA) staff member Jonathan Kalles termed the mission 'a huge success' in a telephone interview from Israel..."
JDL Parsha and Weekly Update
http://jdlcanada.wordpress.com
"The Jewish Defence League is planning a Mission to Israel (October 30 - November 12) The JDL group will include active members from Canada, England, France and many bloggers will also join us. We will hold meetings with many political leaders, activists and bloggers. After this mission, JDL will be much stronger..."
Stealing Palestinian Resources - by Stephen Lendman
http://warisacrime.org/content/stealing-palestinian-resources
"Israel wants it all. For decades it's been systematically stealing Palestinian land and resources. Al Haq's new report provides more evidence. Titled 'Pillage of the Dead Sea: Israel's Unlawful Exploitation of Natural Resources in the Occupied Palestinian Territory,' it details grand theft and war crimes. They benefit Jews by harming Palestinians..."
AIPAC-Drafted US Aid to Israel Illegal
http://original.antiwar.com/smith-grant/2012/09/23/aipac-drafted-us-aid-...
"Israel's nuclear weapons render it ineligible for US aid.."
Bec.De.Corbin
What nuclear weapons?
Israel Storms Al-Aqsa Mosque
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/10/05/265115/israeli-forces-storm-ala...
"Israeli forces have stormed al-Aqsa Mosque in Al Quds (Jerusalem) dispersing Palestinian worshippers using stun grenades..."
As Palestinian Frustration Grows, Young Man Considers Armed Struggle
http://972mag.com/as-palestinian-frustration-grows-young-man-considers-a...
"Hakem believes that armed struggle and the strategic use of violnce is the only way to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He calls BDS 'silly' and says, it must be dismantled. After that, Hakem adds, Jews are welcome to stay.."
US Soldiers Arrive in Israel for War Games
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/10/18/267368/us-soldiers-arrive-in-is...
"Some 1000 US troops are expected to arrive in the Occupied Territories to take part in the largest ever joint military drill with Israel, with 2,500 more American forces would participate remotely from the US and Europe. Lt Ge. Gary Franklin said the drill is 'the largest exercise in the history of the longstanding military relationship between the US and Israel..."
Free Gaza's Col Ann Wright Disinvited From Swedish Boat to Gaza
http://mondoweiss.net/2012/10/free-gazas-col-ann-wright-disinvited-from-...
"...I am saddened by the decision of the board to withdraw its invitation and I believe it is wrong. All of our projects that have challenged Israeli policies toward Palestinians have been called anti-Semitic by pro-Israeli groups. This is not a new tactic used to scare pro-Palestinian groups.
Israeli Army Veterans Admit Role in Massacres of Palestinians in 1948
http://middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/4462-israeli-army-veterans...
"Dozens of Israeli army veterans have admitted their involvement in massacres against Palestinian civilians in 1948, and acknowledged that Zionism misled them and is a catastrophe for both Jews and Arabs.."
and for Canada which now champions this catastrophe and seeks to spread its evil influence wider still..
'I Am Not Anti-Semitic', Claims Vincent Browne
http://www.independent.ie/national-news-i-am-not-anti-semitic-claims-vin...
"...Unless you deal with the problem of Israel and the Palestinians in that part of the world, there's going to be conflict and disharmony. It's a massive injustice - they stole the land from the Arabs.."
'EU Giving Israel Trade Preference Over Others' (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/10/28/269218/eu-giving-israel-trade-p...
"The EU rewards Israel's flouting of human rights and attacks on Palestinians, allowing Israeli pharmaceutical companies to reach the EU market without testing products..."
Alberta Deputy Premier Shaken by Missile Attack on Israel's West Bank
http://www.sunnewsnetwork.ca/sunnews/world/archives/2012/10/20121028-161...
"...the trip is part of a private tour of Israel and Poland not paid for by Alberta's government - as part of the From Compassion to Action program offered by the Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Centre for Holocaust Studies. Lukaszuk was invited by the centre to take part in the trip. The program is desinged to help Canadian leaders learn more about the history and impacts of racism and anti-Semitism..."
Israel Plays Barbaric Tricks Against Gaza (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/10/30/269516/israel-plays-barbaric-ga...
"A prominent Gaza-based pro-Palestinian activist says that Gazans are under heavy psychological pressure from Israel just because they pursue their member state bid at the UN.."
It is Easy to Forget the Past...
http://www.miftah.org/Display.cfm?DocId=25412&CategoryId=13
"It is so easy to forget and to live in oblivion in Israel. It's easy not to know or care about the history of injustice from which the state of Israel was born.."
Canada too...
Israeli Regime Fabricated By Imperialist Powers: Expert (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/11/04/270337/israeli-regime-fabricate...
"The Israeli regime has been fabricated by imperialist powers..."
Lieberman Threatens to Dissolve the Palestinian Authority
http://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/4574-lieberman-threate...
"The Israeli foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman has threatened to dissolve the Palestinian Authority if its president, Mahmoud Abbas, insists on going ahead with his request for UN recognition of Palestine as a non-member state. 'The time has come for the Palestinians to have their own spring and get rid of their reviled leader,' he said..."
'Netanyahu Turned Toulouse Memorial into Election Rally'
http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4302698,00.html
"French President Hollande tells Paris magazine Israeli PM tried to gain political capital at ceremony honoring terror victims, adds: 'He's obsessed with Iran.'
When Former CIA Chief David Petraeus Enraged the Israel Lobby
http://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/when-former-cia-chief-d...
"...What Foxman and other Israel lobbyists understood correctly was that Petraeus was articulating a view that is increasingly common within the US establishment, but is an absolute taboo when it comes to stating it publicly: that US 'interests' and Israeli 'interests' are not identical, and that Israel might be a strategic burden, rather than an asset to the United States..."
No such heretical views exists within the Canadian establishment, military or otherwise - Israel's influence is thriving here. Across the political spectrum...
'Israel Fears a Thriving Palestinian National Body' (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/11/11/271633/israel-fears-thriving-pa...
"A political analyst tells Press TV that the Israeli siege on the Gaza Strip was put in place to oppress Palestinians and to ensure they are unable to thrive and fulfill their potential as a people. The comments come after six Palestinians were killed and dozens more wounded in the latest round of attacks carried out on the besieged Gaza Strip over the past 24 hours..."
'We Have to Take Out Hamas Leadership'
http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/254405#,UKB0ZGcor-U
"Israel must assassinate Hamas leaders to stop terrorism from Gaza, Minister Yisrael Katz said Sunday, speaking in the weekly Cabinet meeting. 'Israel must act according to a very clear policy in Gaza. To cut off the head of the snake, , we must take out the leadership of Hamas in Gaza,' he said..."
TRN:Netanyahu Forms Alliance with Far Right's Lieberman (and vid)
http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=31&I...
"Shir Hever: UN vote and criticism over Gaza attack matter little to Netanyahu who unites with Minister Lieberman who advocates ethnic cleansing of Palestinian citizens of Israel..."
Gaza Quiz - by Stephen Shalom
http://newpol.org/node/711
"An uneasy cease-fire has been declared ending Israel's attack on Gaza, Operation Pillar of Defence. Take the quiz and see how much you know about the situation.."
Israel Violates Ceasefire, Attacks Gaza Fishermen - Who is Holding Israel Accountable?
http://mondoweiss.net/2012/12/israel-violates-ceasefire-attacks-gaza-fis...
Israel Keeps $100 M to Punish Palestinians
http://www.ottawacitizen.com/news/israel+keeps+100M+punish+Palestinians/...
Tax transfer witheld in rebuke of UN statehood recognition
Israeli Settlement Construction Fallout
http://warisacrime.org/content/israeli-settlement-construction-fallout
"Israel considers public posturing about abstaining E1 building 'no longer relevant'.."
Noam Chomsky: What the American Media Won't Tell You About Israel
http://www.alternet.org/world/noam-chomsky-what-american-media-wont-tell...
"The savage punishment of Gaza traces back to decades ago. The current upsurge of US-Israeli violence dates to January 2006, when Palestinians voted 'the wrong way' in the first free elections in the Arab world...
TRN: Israel Expands Settlements, Obama Expands Drones (and vid)
http://www.therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=...
Vijay Prashad: In response to UN vote on Palestine, Israel witholds tax revenenue from PA and announces new settlement construction.."
UK Orthodox Jews Protest Zionism (and vid)
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/12/07/276621/uk-orthodox-jews-protest...
"An outcry of British Jews against Israeli tyranny..."
Cold Revenge - by Uri Avnery
http://www.counterpunch.org/2012/12/07/cold-revenge/
"Beware Lieberman..."
Mordechai Vanunu's Response to UN Call on Israel to Open Dimona
http://www.deliberation.info/mordechai-vanunu-responds-to-un-call-on-isr...
"...hypocrites in high places from Peres to Obama, Bibi and Congress - and ALL states in between who play along with Israel's Nuclear Ambiguity/Deception very much REGRET any more light shining on Israel's WMD..."
Raising Money for Killers - by Stephen Lendman
http://warisacrime.org/content/raising-money-killers
"Imagine holding a fundraiser for murder, destruction and occupation viciousness. On December 6, Friends of the IDF held their annual gala in Los Angeles..."
Apartheid Lines: Video Shows Israeli Public Bus Driver Refusing to Let Palestinians Ride (and vid)
http://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/apartheid-lines-video-s...
"A video shows an Israeli bus driver blatantly refusing to allow some passengers on her bus just because they are Palestinians..."
Zionism is Racism!
Fear is Dividing Canada's Jewish Community
http://www.ipolitics.ca/2012/12/11/fear-is-dividing-canadas-jewish-commu...
"...A majority of Candian Jews voted Conservative last year for the first time ever. Many of the community's institutions are also more Israel-centric and less focused on social justice than they once were.."
"Canada has become little more than an embassy for Benjamin Netanyahu" - George Galloway
Canada's Palestinian Aid Programme Serving Israel's Interests
http://dissidentvoice.org/2012/12/canadas-palestinian-aid-programme-serv...
"...In effect, Canada has helped to build a security apparatus to protect a corrupt PA led by Mahmoud Abbas, whose electoral mandate expired in January 2009, but whom the Israeli government prefers over Hamas."
Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman to Resign Following Indictment
http://www.cija.ca/israeli-politics/israeli-foreign-affairs/foreign-mini...
"The case against Lieberman involved allegations of money-laundering, fraud and breach of trust. Lieberman was suspected of receiving millions of dollars from international tycoons such as Martin Schlaff and Mikhail Chernoy through foreign front companies..."
Israel's Lieberman Resigns - by Stephen Lendman
http://warisacrime.org/content/israels-lieberman-resigns
"...In his youth, Lieberman was a Kach party member. He remains true to his ideological roots. The difference between Kach and Yisrael Beitenu are miniscule. Hebrew University Professor Zeev Sternhell once called Liberman 'perhaps the most dangerous politician in the history of the state of Israel. Gideon Levy equated Lieberman with Kahane..."
the leader of Canada's Jewish Defence League, Meir Weinstein is also an unreserved Kachist. In Canada, as in Israel, it seems that Gideon Levy's comment applies: 'what was once ostracized is now acceptable.'
How To Criticize the Israeli Government - by David Swanson
http://warisacrime.org/content/how-criticize-israeli-government
"It seems that the Israeli government gives African women drugs that keep them from reproducing. I think if this story had been about Canada, Korea, France or Brazil, people would have read it. The coversation would not have immediately shifted to my alleged hatred of all Canadians..."
Israeli Embassy: 'If Alive Today, Jesus and Mary Would Be Lynched by Hostile Palestinians'
http://rt.com/news/israel-embassy-facebook-post-palestinians-240/
"Israel's diplomatic corps finds itself in hot water after posting an inflammatory message on an official Facebook page.."
As the ANC Votes to Support BDS, A New Film Compares Life in Palestine to Apartheid South Africa
As the African National Congress voted Thursday to support the Palestinian call for boycott, divestment and sanctions against Israel known as BDS, declaring it was "unapologetic in its view that the Palestinians are the victims and the oppressed in the conflict with Israel," we look at a new film that examines the apartheid analogy commonly used to describe the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. "Roadmap to Apartheid," is narrated by Pulitzer Prize-winning Alice Walker and puts archival footage and interviews with South Africans, alongside similar material that shows what life is like for Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza Strip and inside Israel. The documentary has just been released to the public after a year long film festival run, where it won numerous awards. We are joined by its co-directors, South African-born Ana Nogueira and Israeli-born Eron Davidson, both longtime journalists. [Transcript to come. Check back soon.]
http://www.democracynow.org/2012/12/21/as_the_anc_votes_to_support
Just had a look at the UK Guardian website. There's a real hate-on of Hamas by Israel's deputy minister of foreign affairs, and I don't want to paste the link unless someone really wants to read it. It's a real propaganda piece.
DND Removes Report on Killing of Canadian Soldier by Israeli Forces - by David Pugliese
http://www.canada.com/news/removes%2Breport%2BCanadians%2BSoldier%2BIsra...
"The Defence Department has quietly removed from the internet a report into the killing of a Canadian military officer by Israeli forces, a move the soldier's widow says is linked to the government's reluctance to criticize Israel for any wrongdoing. Maj. Paeta Hess von-Kruedener and three other UN observers were killed in 2006 when the Israeli military targeted their small outpost with repeated artillery barrages as well as an attack by a fighter aircraft..."
no surprise here, given that Israel's resident military attache to Canada, Brig-Gen Eden Attias, named a war-criminal for his involvement in both Op Cast Lead and the Mavi Marmara attack, was previously Commander of IAFB Nevatim. Zionization of Canada continues virtually unopposed.
Increase the Pressure on Israel, Richard Falk Says
http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/12/26/280143/increase-the-pressure-on...
"A senior UN official says more international pressure must be put on Israel over its plans to build as many as 6,500 new settler-units in occupied Palestine..."
Israel Arrests 900 Palestinian Children in 2012
http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/12/27/257343.html
"The Palestinian Authority is currently looking into the possibility of filing a complaint to the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Israel for arresting 900 Palestinian children in 2012..."
Almost 4000 Palestinians Were Detained by Israel in 2012
http://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/4898-almost-4000-pales...
"The statistics show that the detention rate increased..."


text:
Kum (eng. The Godfather) je kriminalistička drama Francisa Forda Coppole temeljena na istoimenom romanu Maria Puza. U glavnim ulogama pojavljuju se Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, Robert Duvall, Diane Keaton i James Caan. Radnja filma proteže se na deset godina od kraja 1945. do 1955. te predstavlja kronologiju mafijaške obitelji Corleone.

Američki filmski institut prvo je proglasio Kuma trećim najvećim filmom u povijesti američke kinematografije (iza Građanina Kanea i Casablance). Poslije je Kum prešao na drugo mjesto iza Građanina Kanea, dok se Casablanca spustila na treće mjesto. Film je pozicioniran na prvom mjestu u izboru najboljih filmova svih vremena filmskih portala IMDb, Metacritic i Rotten Tomatoes.

Snimljena su i dva nastavka, Kum II 1974. i Kum III 1990.

Radnja

Film počinje na vjenčanju kćeri don Vita Corleonea, Connie za Carla Rizzija u New Yorku u kasno ljeto 1945. Kako "nijedan Sicilijanac ne može odbiti uslugu na dan vjenčanja svoje kćeri", Corleone, poznat među svojim prijateljima i suradnicima kao "Kum", i Tom Hagen (consigliere obitelji Corleone) su zauzeti saslušavanjem zahtjeva prijatelja i suradnika. U međuvremenu, Donov najmlađi sin Michael, koji se vratio iz Drugog svjetskog rata kao odlikovani junak, priča svojoj djevojci Kay Adams anegdote o kriminalnom životu svog oca, uvjeravajući je da on nije kao njegova obitelj.

Među gostima na svečanosti je slavni pjevač Johnny Fontaine, Corleonovo kumče, koji je došao iz Hollywooda da zamoli Kuma da mu pomogne dobiti ulogu koja će mu revitalizirati karijeru. Jack Woltz, šef studija, ne da Fontaineu ulogu, ali Don Corleone kaže Johnnyju: "Dat ću mu ponudu koju neće moći odbiti." Hagen je poslan u Kaliforniju kako bi riješio problem, ali mu Woltz ljutito odvrati kako neće dati Fontaineu ulogu, koja je savršena za njega, jer je Fontaine "uništio" starletu koju je Woltz favorizirao. Sljedećeg jutra, Woltz se budi i u krevetu pronalazi krvavu odsječenu glavu svoga trofejnog konja.

Po Hagenovu povratku, obitelj se sastaje s dilerom heroina Virgilom Sollozzom Turčinom, koji je utjecajan u protivničkoj obitelji Tattaglia. Sollozzo zamoli Don Corleonea za političku zaštitu i financiranje kako bi se počeo masovni uvoz i distribucija heroina, ali unatoč velikoj količini novca koji bi se zaradio, Corleone odbija. Donov najstariji sin, nagli Sonny, upada u razgovor i neizravno izrazi interes za posao. Njegov otac, ljut zbog Sonnyjeve nesuglasice pred čovjekom koji nije član obitelji, kasnije ga nasamo ukori.

Ubrzo nakon odbijanja Don Corleonea, on biva pogođen nekoliko puta pred trgovinom. Javnost ne zna je li preživio. Sollozzo i njegovi ljudi zatim ubijaju Lucu Brasija i otimaju Hagena. Sollozzo nagovara Hagena da ponudi Sonnyju dogovor koji je prethodno ponuđen njegovom ocu, ali Sonny odbija i razmisliti o poslu, rekavši kako će zaratiti s obitelji Tattaglia i Sollozzom.

Michael, kojeg druge mafijaške obitelji smatraju "civilom" (nije umiješan u mafijaški posao) pa zato može živjeti normalnim životom, posjećuje oca u bolnici. Odmah postaje sumnjičav nakon što je primijetio da nema policajaca da čuvaju Dona. Shvativši da mu je ocu opet namješteno, naziva Sonnyja, a nakon toga premješta oca u drugu sobu. Nakon toga odlazi vani kako bi pazio na vrata. Uz pomoć iznenađenog Enza (pekara), odbija Sollozzove ljude. Dolazi policija s korumpiranim kapetanom McCluskyjem, koji udari Michaela u čeljust. Pojavljuje se Hagen s "privatnim detektivima" ovlaštenim da nose oružje kako bi zaštitili Don Corleonea.

Nakon pokušaja ubojstva svog oca u bolnici, Michael se dobrovoljno javlja da ubije Sollozza i kapetana McCluskeyja, koji glumi Sollozzova tjelohranitelja. Sonny i ostali iskusniji članovi obitelji se nasmiju na Michaelovu navodnu naivnost, a Sonny ga prekori da ne reagira preosobno i emocionalno. Međutim, Michael ih uvjerava da je ubijanje Sollozza i McCluskeyja u interesu obitelji ("Nije to osobno, Sonny. To je samo posao.") te da on, kao "civil", neće izazvati puno sumnje kod Sollozza.

Sastanak između Michaela i Sollozza, uz prisutnost McCluskeyja, dogovoren je u restoranu, navodno da se dogovori mir. Michael odlazi u zahod, uzima skriveni pištolj i ubija Sollozza i McCluskeyja, obojicu hicima u glavu. Kako bi izbjegao uhićenje za ubojstva, Michael je poslan na Siciliju dok se obitelj Corleone priprema za sveopći rat s Pet obitelji, koje se ujedinjuju protiv Corleoneovih, kao i za stezanje obruča od strane policije i vlasti.

Na Siciliji, Michael živi pod zaštitom Don Tomasina, starog prijatelja obitelji. Zaljubljuje se i oženi s lokalnom djevojkom, Apolloniom, koja je ubijena tijekom pokušaja ubojstva Michaela.

U međuvremenu, u New Yorku, Don Corleone se vraća kući iz bolnice te je izvan sebe nakon što je čuo da je Michael bio taj koji je ubio Sollozza i McCluskeyja. Nekoliko mjeseci poslije, 1948., Sonny prebije Carla jer je tukao Connie. Nakon što ju je Carlo još jednom pretukao, Sonny odlazi sam kako bi ga pronašao i ubio. Na putu, upada u zasjedu na naplatnim kućicama gdje ga izrešetaju do smrti.

Umjesto traženja osvete za Sonnyjevo ubojstvo, Don Corleone se sastaje sa šefovima Pet obitelji kako bi prekinuli rat. Ne samo da im rat uzima materijani i ljudski danak, nego je prekid sukoba jedini način da se Michael može sigurno vratiti kući. Promijenivši svoju prethodnu odluku, Vito se dogovara da će obitelj Corleone pružiti političku zaštitu za prodaju heroina Phillipu Tattagliji. Na sastanku, Don Corleone shvaća da je Don Barzini, a ne Tattaglia, odgovoran za mafijaški rat.

Kako mu je sigurnost osigurana, Michael se vraća sa Sicilije. Nakon više od godinu dana, vraća se svojoj bivšoj djevojci, Kay, rekavši kako je želi oženiti. Kako je Don poluumirovljen, Sonny mrtav, a srednji brat Fredo se smatra nesposobnim da vodi obiteljski posao, Michael postaje šef i kaže kako će obiteljski posao ubrzo biti u potpunosti zakonit.

Clemenza i Tessio, dva caporegimea (kapetana) obitelji Corleone, prigovore da ih obitelj Barzini omalovažava te zatraže dopuštenje da uzvrate, ali Michael odbija. S ocem kao consigliereom, planira obiteljski posao preseliti u Nevadu i nakon toga, Clemenza i Tessio mogu osnovati vlastite obitelji. Michael obećava da će Connien muž, Carlo, biti njegova desna ruka u Nevadi, dok će Hagen biti odvjetnik obitelji u Las Vegasu.

U Las Vegasu, Michaela pozdravlja Fredo, u hotelu-casinu u kojem Corleoneovi imaju udio, a vodi ga Moe Green. Michael kaže Johnnyju Fontaineu da će obitelj trebati njegovu pomoć u nagovaranju Johnnyjevih prijatelja u show-biznisu da potpišu dugotrajne ugovore za nastupe u casinima. Na sastanku s Moeom Greeneom, Michael ponudi da otkupi njegov udio, ali ovaj bezobrazno odbije. Greene vjeruje kako su Corleoneovi slabi te da može postići bolji dogovor s Barzinijem.

Michael se vraća kući. Na privatnom sastanku, Vito mu priopćava da će neprijatelji obitelji pokušati ubiti Michaela koristeći povjerljivog suradnika da dogovore sastanak kao izgovor za ubojstvo. Ubrzo nakon toga, don Vito umire od srčanog udara dok se igrao s malim unukom u svojem vrtu s rajčicama.

Tijekom sprovoda, Tessio prenosi Michaelu ponudu za sastanak s Barzinijem, što ga označava kao izdajnika kojeg je Vito očekivao. Michael dogovara ubojstva Moea Greenea, Phillipa Tattaglie, Emilija Barzinija, Anthonyja Straccija i Carminea Cuneoa, što se odvija za vrijeme krštenja Conniena i Carlova drugog sina, kojem je Michael kum. Nakon krštenja, Tessio vjeruje da će on i Michael na sastanak s Barzinijem. Umjesto toga, odvode ga Willie Cicci i drugi plaćenici kako bi ga ubili. Michael se suprotstavlja Carlu u vezi Sonnyjeva ubojstva te ga prevari da prizna da je on namjestio zasjedu. "Danas", kaže Michael, "ću srediti obiteljske poslove." Michael kaže Carlu kako je njegova kazna ta da neće imati veze s obiteljskim poslom te mu daje avionsku kartu za Nevadu. Carlo ulazi u auto kako bi otišao na aerodrom, ali ga ubija Clemenza.

Kasnije, Connie se suprotstavlja Michaelu, optužujući ga za Carlovo ubojstvo. Kay upita Michaela u vezi optužbi, ali on odbija odgovoriti. Ona inzistira, a Michael slaže, rekavši joj kako nije imao nikakve veze s Carlovom smrću. Kay lakne nakon njegova demantija. Kako film završava, ona gleda kako Clemenza i novi caporegime Rocco Lampone odaju počast Michaelu, ljubeći mu ruku i oslovljavajući ga "Don Corleone". Novi capo Al Neri zatvara vrata, a Kay shvaća da je Michael postao novi Kum.

Razlike u odnosu na roman

Jedan od glavnih dijelova Puzova romana koji nije iskorišten za film bila je flashback priča o ranom životu Don Corleonea, uključujući njegov dolazak u Ameriku, brak i očinstvo, ubojstvo Don Fanuccija i njegov uzlet u mafijaškoj hijerarhiji, sve ono što je iskorišteno u Kumu II.

Mnogi sporedni dijelovi radnje romana nisu dobili svoje mjesto na velikom platnu uključujući: nevolje pjevača Johnnyja Fontainea sa ženama; Sonnyjevu ljubavnicu Lucy Mancini koja se nalazi u ljubavnoj vezi s dr. Julesom Segalom (koji se uopće ne pojavljuje u filmu, a koji je zaposlen u Las Vegasu jer je tamo sklonjen zbog optužbi o obavljanja ilegalnih pobačaja, ali tim se poslom i dalje bavi), a koji pomaže Lucy da kirurški korigira vaginu; rješavanje komplikacija nastalih zbog lošeg saniranja Michaelove kosti lica (koje je oštetio kapetan McCluskey); operaciju glasnica Johnnyja Fontainea koji je operirao izrasline na glasnicama, što mu je popravilo glas; pedofiliju Jacka Woltza; kućni život Kay Adams; demonsku prošlost Luce Brasija; dovitljivi plan don Vita Corleonea o Michaelovu odlasku na Siciliju kao i plan o preuzimanju krivnje za Michaela Corleonea zbog ubojstva Sollozze i McCluskyog od strane jednog člana obitelji Bocchicchio, koji je ionako osuđen na električnu stolicu zbog ubojstva, a što je prethodilo Michaelovom povratku iz Sicilije u SAD; detaljni napad na dvojicu muškaraca koji su napali Bonaserinu kćer, kojeg je predvodio Paulie Gatto, a kojeg se samo spominje u filmu; prelazak Key Adams s protestantizma na rimokatoličku vjeru i njenu pobožnost; samostalne filmske projekte Johnnyja Fontainea i njegovu suradnju s prijateljem Ninom Valentijem; informacije o ponašanju Freda Corleonea prema plesačicama; objašnjenje postupka podmićivanja policajaca, kao i povijesne razloge nastajanja Mafije.

Slučajno, u romanu se daje do znanja kako Lucy nije ostala trudna sa Sonnyjem kad se preselila u Las Vegas, pa je tako bez smisla priča o Vincentu Manciniju u Kumu III. Začudo, Puzo je pisao scenarije za sva tri filma, pa mu je kontradikcija morala biti poznata.

Likovi s manjim ulogama u filmu nego u romanu su Johnny Fontane, Lucy Mancini, Rocco Lampone i Albert Al Neri (potonja dva nisu ni progovorili u filmu). Likovi koji se nisu ni pojavili u filmskoj adaptaciji su dr. Segal, Genco Abbandando i dr. Taza sa Sicilije. Osim toga, u knjizi, Michael i Kay imaju dva sina, ali u filmovima imaju sina i kćer.

Roman se dotiče i sudbina Michaelovih tjelohranitelja na Siciliji, Fabrizzija i Caloa. U filmu oba preživljavaju (Calo se čak pojavljuje u trećem nastavku). U knjizi, Calo umire s Apolloniom u eksploziji automobila, dok je Fabrizzio ubijen kao još jedna žrtva u slavnoj "sceni krštenja" nakon što je otkriven kako vodi pizzeriju u Buffalu, na sjeveru države New York.

Kraj knjige razlikuje se od kraja filma: dok u filmu Kay shvaća da je Michael postao "kao njegova obitelj", u knjizi joj Tom Hagen otkriva tajne za koje, prema njemu, bi bio ubijen da Michael sazna. Tijekom filmske scene krštenja, šefovi mafijaških obitelji bivaju ubijeni. U romanu su ubijeni samo Barzini i Tattaglia, koji su prije toga bili u ratu s Corleoneovima. Tada su ubijeni i neki drugi, niže rangirani, članovi mafijaških obitelji, a što u filmu nije prikazano.

Zanimljivo je da se na samom početku romana, među ljudima koji traže pomoć od don Vita Corleonea, nalazi i Anthony Coppola, prezimenjak redatelja Francisa Forda Coppole, koji moli don Corleonea neka posudi 500 $ za otvoriti pizzeriju. Taje se prizor ne pojavljuje na filmu. A zadnje riječi don Vita Corleonea, koji umire u nasadima rajčica, jesu: Život je tako lijep.

Produkcija

Coppola i Paramount

Francis Ford Coppola nije bio prvi izbor za režiju, koja je prije toga bila ponuđena bar dvojici redatelja. Posao je ponuđen talijanskom redatelju Sergiu Leoneu, ali je on odbio rekavši kako nije zainteresiran. (Poslije je režirao vlastitu mafijašku sagu, Bilo jednom u Americi, koja se fokusirala na židovsko-američke gangstere). Do tada, Coppola je režirao osam filmova, od kojih je najpoznatiji bila filmska verzija mjuzikla Finianova duga - iako je osvojio Oscara za scenarij filma Patton 1970. Coppola je bio dužan Warner Brosu. 400 tisuća dolara zbog prekoračenja budžeta filma Georgea Lucasa, THX-1138, koji je Coppola producirao, a Kuma je prihvatio na Lucasov savjet.

Vladalo je veliko neslaganje između Coppole i studija, Paramount Pictures, a Coppola je nekoliko puta umalo bio zamijenjen. Paramount je smatrao kako Coppola ne radi po rasporedu, da je napravio nekoliko grešaka s castingom i produkcijom te da je inzistirao na nepotrebnim troškovima. Coppola kaže, na DVD komentaru, da je bio pod pritiskom jer je znao da zamjenski redatelj čeka u sjeni i da će ga zamijeniti istog trenutka kad ga otpuste, ali unatoč tome, uspio je obraniti svoje odluke i izbjeći otkaz.

Casting

Coppolin izbor glumaca nije bio u skladu sa željama šefova Paramounta, posebno Marlon Brando kao don Vito Corleone (koji je osvojio Oscara za najboljeg glumca). Paramount, koji je htio Laurencea Oliviera (koji je bio nedostupan zbog zdravstvenih problema), prvo je zabranio Coppoli da angažira Branda, navodeći njegovo problematično ponašanje na setovima njegovih prethodnih filmova. U jednom trenutku, Coppoli je tadašnji predsjednik Paramounta rekao da se "Marlon Brando nikad neće pojaviti u ovom filmu". Nakon zauzimanja kod šefova studija, Coppoli je dopušteno da angažira Branda pod uvjetima da mu plaća bude manja nego na njegovim prethodnim filmovima, da se pojavi na probnom snimanju te da se obveže kako neće prouzročiti odgodu u produkciji (kao što je to radio na prethodnim produkcijama). Coppola je izabrao Branda umjesto Ernesta Borgninea jer ga je ovaj oduševio na probnim snimanjima. Brando je poslije osvojio Oscara za svoju izvedbu.

Studio je htio Roberta Redforda ili Ryana O'Neala da ulogu Michaela Corleonea, ali Coppola je htio anonimca koji izgleda kao talijanski Amerikanac, Al Pacina. Pacino u to vrijeme nije bio poznat, a studio ga nije htio zbog njegove visine. Pacinu je uloga dodijeljena nakon što je Coppola zaprijetio da će napustiti produkciju. Za ulogu su još konkurirali Jack Nicholson, Dustin Hoffman, Warren Beatty, Martin Sheen  i James Caan.

Prije nego što je izabran Robert Duvall, za ulogu Toma Hagena su bili razmatrani Bruce Dern, Paul Newman i Steve McQueen.

Tada nepoznati Robert De Niro se prijavio za uloge Michaela, Sonnyja, Carla i Paulieja Gatta. Izabran je za ulogu Paulieja, ali Coppola je sredio "razmjenu" s filmom The Gang That Couldn't Shoot Straight kako bi dobio Al Pacina.

Sylvester Stallone se prijavio za uloge Carla Rizzija i Paulieja Gatta, Anthony Perkins za Sonnyja, a Mia Farrow za Kay. William Devane bio je jedan od kandidata za ulogu Moea Greenea.

Sofia Coppola, tada novorođenče, nastupila je kao novorođeni sin Connie i Carla, Michael Francis Rizzi, u sceni krštenja na kraju filma. Nastupila i u druga dva filma. U drugom dijelu, igra bezimenu djevojčicu imigranticu na brodu koji dovodi Vita Corleonea u New York. U trećem dijelu je nastupila u jednoj od glavnih uloga: kao Michaelova kćer Mary. Coppola je angažirao i svoje sinove kao Franka i Andrewa Hagena, dvojicu sinova Toma Hagena. Mogu se vidjeti u uličnoj tučnjavi između Sonnyja i Carla i iza Pacina i Duvalla tijekom scene sprovoda.

Snimanje

Većina snimanja obavljena je između 29. ožujka i 6. kolovoza 1971., dok je scena s Pacinom i Keaton bila snimana u jesen - ukupno se snimalo 77 dana, manje od predviđenih 83 dana.

Snimalo se na lokacijama oko New Yorka, kao i u sicilijanskim gradovima Savoci i Forzi d'Agro. Korištena je i jedna lokacija u Los Angelesu (Woltzovo imanje). Scena s Pacinom i Keaton snimana je u gradu Ross, Kalifornija. Interijeri su snimani u studijima Filmways u New Yorku.

Jedna od najšokantnijih scena u filmu dolazi rano, ona s odsječenom konjskom glavom. Protestirale su udruge za prava životinja. Coppola je kasnije rekao kako je dobio konjsku glavu od tvrtke za proizvodnju pseće hrane; konj nije ubijen specijalno za potrebe filma.

U romanu, Jack Woltz, filmski producent kojemu je u krevet ubačena konjska glava, prikazuje se kao pedofil jer Tom Hagen ugleda mladu djevojčicu (vjerojatno jednu od Woltzovih dječjih zvijezda) kako plače dok odlazi iz Woltzove sobe. Ova scena izbačena je iz filma, ali se može naći na DVD-u (iako se Woltz može kratko vidjeti kako ljubi u obraz djevojčicu u svojem studiju).

Uvodna scena Kuma je dugi, spori zoom, koji počinje s krupnim planom pogrebnika koji je moli Don Corleonea, a završava s kumom prikazanim straga. Ova scena, koja traje oko tri minute, snimana je kompjuterskim objektivima koje je dizajnirao Tony Karp. Objektivi su korišteni i na snimanju filma Silent Running.

Za scenu krštenja su korištene dvije različite crkve. Unutarnje scene snimane su u katedrali Svetog Patrika u New Yorku. Vanjske scene nakon krštenja snimane su u crkvi Mount Loretto na Staten Islandu, New York. 1973. je požar uništio dobar dio crkve. Ostali su samo fasada i zvonik koji su uklopljeni u novu građevinu koja je poslije sagrađena.

Teme i analiza

Glavna tema u filmu je zapravo - obitelj. Za don Vita Corleonea ništa nije toliko važno kao obitelj. On je vrhovni vođa mafije, no riječi "mafija" ili "gangsteri" se nikada ne izriču. On ne zahtijeva novac za svoje usluge, samo lojalnost i prijateljstvo. Oni koji su mu lojalni su dio njegove obitelji. Carlo se u uvodu filma udaje za don Vitovu kćer Connie, ali ipak ne postaje dijelom obitelji. Tom Hagen je usvojeni sin i nije krvno povezan s don Vitom, ali je ipak dio obitelji. Čak i ako se bave nelegalnim poslovima, za njih uvijek postoje neke etičke granice, poput u sceni u kojoj on odbija financirati prodaju heroina jer se protivi drogi. Isto tako nikada se ne slika bez svojeg sina Michaela jer zna da će ovaj tako biti zapamćen. I sama kontrola je vrlo važan lajtmotiv priče - Sonny nikako ne može kontrolirati svoje agresivno ponašanje, dok Fredo nije osobito bistar pa bi i sam mogao biti kontroliran, stoga je samostalni Michael don Vitov najdraži sin - on kontrolira svoje događaje, želje i okolinu. Iako se je Michael dugo opirao postati dijelom mafijaških poslova svoje obitelji, odbijajući determinirani način života koji se od njega očekuje, na kraju ipak nije izbjegao svojoj sudbini te je postao nasljednik svojeg oca i njegovih poslova.

Kritike

Kritičari su gotovo jednoglasno hvalili film. U svojoj recenziji Kuma Dragan Antulov je napisao: "Filmska poduzeća su bila spremna eksperimentirati i dati filmskim autorima slobodnu volju oko njihovih projekata. Jedan od takvih autora bio je i Francis Ford Coppola, koji je napravio jedan od najintimnijih, a istodobno i univerzalno najprivlačnijih filmova svih vremena; film koji je zaslužio svoj kultni status jer je istodobno zadovoljio visoke standarde umišljenih kritičara i jednostavne potrebe obične publike. Veličina ovog filma se ne naslućuje samo po uspjehu koji ga je slijedio posljednjih četvrt stoljeća; ona je još jasnija po seriji referenci, imitacija i skrivenih poruka stvorenih od Coppolinih kolega kroz zadnjih par godina. Skoro svaka scena je pamtljiva, ali za neke najupečatljivija je ona na početku - u tamnoj sobi, Bonasera, talijanski mrtvozornik, moli don Vita za uslugu...  Poruka "Kuma" se može prevesti na sve svjetske jezike i provesti na ostale sustave u različitim vremenima i mjestima. Film opisuje istodobno i društvo i pojedince koji su izgubili svoju slobodu jer su bili nesigurni i nespremni za odgovornost; isto kao što su se talijanski imigranti morali oslanjati na mafiju da bi premostili poteškoće novoga svijeta, tako se i Michael mora prisilno pridružiti obitelji jer on, unatoč svom svojem trudu, ne može živjeti u nesigurnom svijetu izvan sjene svojeg oca".

Matt Easterbrook je zaključio: "Coppola je bio zadužen da režira ono što se mislilo da će ispasti samo jedan od mnogih jeftinih gangsterskih filmova, no završio je režiravši jedan od najvećih epova svih vremena", a Margaret A. McGurk: "Ako vam je imalo stalo do filmova, učinite si veliku uslugu i pogledajte jedan autentičan filmski klasik". Scott Nash je samo utvrdio: "Kako napisati recenziju za najbolji film ikada snimljen? Što se može reći nešto što nije bilo rečeno milijun puta prije u novinama i na internetu? Postoji li klišej koji nije bio iskorišten i kompliment koji nije bio upotrijebljen? Ima li se išta originalno reći o Kumu"?"

Arsen Oremović, kritičar Večernjeg lista, je također hvalio film te mu dao 4 od 4 'kritičarska prsta': "Umjesto eksploatacijskog krimića, Coppola je mafijaškoj obitelji Corleone dao epske proporcije i stvorio jedan od najboljih filmova svih vremena. Njegov portret mafije jest monumentalan, ali nije romantiziran, a još manje glorificiran. Priču je smjestio u melodramski, tragično intoniran okvir, prikladan krhkosti, razapetosti, licemjerju i dvoličnosti svijeta u kojem je odanost najveća vrlina, a izdaja najveća mana. U maestralnoj uvodnoj sekvenci svadbenog slavlja kćeri mafijaškog bossa Dona Corleonea, koja nam lukavo predstavlja sve junake u priči, u dvorištu se pjeva i pleše, a istodobno Corleone prima u svojem uredu ljude koji ga mole za pomoć. Kum je prepun takvih preciznih narativnih i režijskih rješenja koja bez puno filozofije objašnjavaju likove i njihove svjetove".

Izvrsna fotografija filma Gordona Willisa kopirana je u mnogim kasnijim filovima. Soundtrack filma kojeg je potpisao Nino Rota vremenom je stekao kultni status.

Simbolika naranči

Poznavatelji filma i obožavatelji filmova iz serijala znaju kako postoji simbolična važnost naranči u filmovima, sugerirajući kako nakon prikazivanja naranče u filmu slijedi važna "scena smrti". U prvom filmu, Tom Hagen i Woltz pregovaraju o Johnnyjevom filmskom statusu za stolom na kojem se nalazi zdjela naranči, a Woltz ubrzo otkriva konjsku glavu u krevetu; don Vito Corleone kupuje naranče od prodavača voća kad je napadnut; Sonny prolazi pokraj jumbo-plakata koji reklamira naranče s Floride prije nego što je napadnut na naplatnim kućicama; naranče se nalaze na stolu na sastanku mafijaških šefova (i posebno ispred onih koji će biti smaknuti na vrhuncu filma); a don Vito Corleone umire dok jede naranču, dok se igra s malim unukom. Tessio se može vidjeti kako guli naranču na Connienu vjenčanju. Carlo, koji je odgovoran za Sonnyjevu smrt, nosi narančasto odijelo kad ga Sonny pretuče.

Nagrade

 5 Zlatnih globusa (najbolji film, režija, scenarij, glavni glumac Marlon Brando, glazba) i 2 nominacije (najbolji glavni glumac Al Pacino, sporedni glumac James Caan).
 3 osvojena Oscara (najbolji film, scenarij, glavni glumac Marlon Brando) i 8 nominacija (najbolja režija, sporedni glumci Al Pacino, Robert Duvall i James Caan, kostimi, montaža, glazba, zvuk).
 Osvojena BAFTA (najbolja glazba) i 4 nominacije (najbolji glavni glumac Marlon Brando, sporedni glumac Robert Duvall, nova zvijezda Al Pacino, kostimi)

Izvori

Literatura
 Burr, T, The 100 Greatest Movies of All Time, New York: Time-Life Books . Lists The Godfather as "the greatest film of all time."
 Cowie, Peter, The Godfather Book, London: Faber and Faber, 1997
 Nourmand, Tony, The Godfather in Pictures, London: Boxtree, 2007

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena stranica Paramount Picturesa

Američki filmovi
Dobitnici Oscara za najbolji film
Dobitnici Zlatnog globusa za najbolji film – drama
Filmovi 1970-ih
Filmovi čiji su scenaristi osvojili Oscar za najbolji adaptirani scenarij
Filmovi Francisa Forda Coppole
Gangsterski filmovi
Kriminalistički dramski filmovi

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The faculty members possess their own expertise and dedicate themselves to research in various areas. They are educator with visions and are willing to invest their time and efforts in social work education.
1.Use of multiple teaching methods to enhance students' learning outcomes.
3.Provide multi-dimensional internships and overseas internship (eg. Mainland enterprises, the Philippines, Cambodia), and a substantial system of internship supervisors.
4.Offer courses that comply with the contemporary society, such as "International Reief and Social Work", "Disaster Management and Social Work", "The Concept of Poverty and Social Assistance", "Employment Service and Social Work", "Social Work for Indigenous People", etc.
5.Cultivation and implementation of students' social work ethics.
The developmental characteristic of the Master Program is mainly on community-based social welfare.
The department offers two courses (the "Community –Based Social Welfare" and the "Seminar on Community Work") as the experimental courses.
The "Community-Based Social Welfare" course leads students to conduct case studies in the Taipei Metropolitan area.
The "Seminar on Community Work" course requires students to engage with undergraduate students to conduct field work in communities of the Taipei Metropolitan area. Both courses try to lead and implement the development of community-based social welfare.


Luckily, there is a workaround in Excel called the array, where you can use formulas to calculate the median of a data set. We'll walk you through how to do that in the example below, which features a list of customers along with their company size and sales cycle length. For context, the two tables (average vs. median) look at the typical sales cycle length for each company size.
This Excel tutorial explains how to use the Excel AVERAGE function with syntax and examples. The Microsoft Excel AVERAGE function returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the numbers provided. The Microsoft Excel AVERAGE function returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the numbers provided.


Dance related postural strain and deviation of the head from anatomical neutral causing neurologically based dysfunction.
The Atlas Orthogonal Technique was used to correct poor alignment of her spine.
Patient had significant changes to her neck posture after being adjusted. See before (left side) and after x ray above. This is a side view of the "lordosis" or neck curve.
No exercises, manipulation or traction were used.
Not all of the patients I have seen with poor neck posture have shown dramatic changes on x ray, but this is another case worth noting where a child has had major changes. This is significant in that I believe we can change children more readily than adults. It may be more difficult once bone maturation has occurred.
Patient was dancer. Her posture is intimately linked to her performance. Poor function of the spine, particularly the upper cervical spine, will affect her balance, co-ordination and health, eventually.
Here are her lateral cervical radiographs indicating postural changes in lordosis (neck curve). X ray positioning was crucial and reproduced both times. The second picture (right) shows a normal "textbook" lordosis.
Specific chiropractic care can make postural changes without behavioural intervention, exercise therapy, physiotherapy or medical bracing, but is only evidenced in this single subject study which reflects many other studies.


text:
Q: Can we convert existing React Native app to flutter without writing the code from scratch in flutter I have a existing react native application . Can i migrate  it to flutter without starting the application from scratch in flutter.
Thanks.

A: Yes, to a certain degree.
This tool can convert React Native components to Flutter Widgets:
https://github.com/GeekyAnts/react-native-to-flutter
And this can convert JavaScript to Dart (though it is very old, so may not work with recent versions):
https://github.com/luisvt/jsparser
This does the same for TypeScript and is significantly newer and appears to be used to convert Angular to Dart, so should work on just about any codebase... But it has been archived, so it's future is unclear!
https://github.com/dart-archive/ts2dart
Ultimately after you've done any kind of automatic conversion you'll still have a fair bit to go, some things will be broken horribly, some will work, but the automated conversation can write some very odd and verbose code.
I know this question is fairly old, but the existing answers just felt a little defeatist! So hopefully this is of some use to someone, please comment if things don't work or you know of better tools!

A: You can't. React Native and Flutter are different frameworks.

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The cheapest flight from Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante was found, on average, 26 days before departure.
How long does a flight from Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante take?
The average direct flight takes 2h 55m, covering a distance of 1159 miles.
How many flights are there between Newcastle upon Tyne and Alicante?
There are 28 (direct) flights between Newcastle upon Tyne and Alicante per week, averaging 4 per day.
Which airlines provide the cheapest flights from Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante?
In the past 3 days, the cheapest return tickets were found on Ryanair (£46), easyJet (£74) and Jet2 (£90).
Which airlines fly most frequently between Newcastle upon Tyne and Alicante?
Jet2 (2 times daily), Ryanair (1 times daily), easyJet (1 times daily) are the most frequent flyers on this route.
What's the cheapest day of the week to fly from Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante?
For Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante, Tuesday is the cheapest day to fly on average and Monday is the most expensive. Flying from Alicante back to Newcastle upon Tyne, the best deals are generally found on Wednesday, with Sunday being the most expensive.
Which airports will I be using when flying from Newcastle upon Tyne to Alicante?
When flying out of Newcastle upon Tyne you will be using Newcastle upon Tyne, often referred to as Newcastle upon Tyne Airport. You will be landing at Alicante, also known as Alicante Airport.
Cons: The constant talking on the overhead trying to sell something (food, donations, duty free) and then the stewardess didn't make it to the back to hand over landing cards.
Search Alicante flights on KAYAK. Find cheap tickets to Alicante from Newcastle upon Tyne. KAYAK searches hundreds of travel sites to help you find cheap airfare and book the flight that suits you best.


Can you please confirm if there is a bilateral visa waiver agreement between Australia and Switzerland that is current, for Australian citizens and passport holders.
Thank you for your email. No, there is no bilateral visa waiver agreement between Australia and Switzerland.
Thus, when you travel to Switzerland, you should make sure that you have not yet exhausted the 90 days within 180 days period of legal stay in the Schengen area since your first entry into the Schengen area, regardless of any bilateral agreement. This applies also to Schengen departures via Swiss airports. If you exceed the 90 days stay, you risk to be fined or even be banned from entering the Schengen area.
Does this mean on exit that Switzerland will not recognize other countries Bilateral Waiver Visa Agreements with Australia?


text:
Chester Events
Visiting Chester
Chester Pubs
Chester Live!
Navigation : Home > Visiting > Area Attractions
Cholmondeley Castle Gardens
<<< Back to Area Attractions
The family has lived at Cholmondeley since 1200, although the present Castle was built in the early 19th century by the 1st Marquess. Lady Cholmondeley, wife of the late 6th Marquess, lives here today, whilst her son David, the 7th Marquess of Cholmondeley, lives at Houghton Hall in Norfolk, which also opens to the public during the season. He divides his time between Cheshire and Norfolk.
Malpas
SY14 8AH
The nearest public transport from Chester is the Helms 41 Bus Service 41,41A,41B Helms of Eastham
www.cheshiresgardens.com
www.cholmondeleycastle.com
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